,,rid+ ,,& ,,driv+ ,,= ,,wom5 ,illu/ration3 ,belle ,bea* ,,rid+ ,,& ,,driv+ ,,= ,,wom5 ,,by ,,belle ,,bea* ,,illu/rat$ ,,new ,,york ,,*>les ,,scribn]',s ,,sons #aiab ,,copyright1 #aiab1 ,,by ,,*>les ,,scribn]',s ,,sons ,publi%$ ,octob]1 #aiab ,,to ,,my ,,fri5d ,,)\t ,,^: ,,help ,,?is ,,book ,,c\ld ,,n ,,h ,,be5 ,,introduction ,?is book does n pret5d to be an exhau/ive treatise on ! subject ( horsewoman%ip4 ,x is (f]$ m]ely z a collection ( ! mo/ important po9ts glean$ 9 my c>e] z a horse-lov] & pr(essional horsewoman4 ,:ile f exp]i5ce alone a rid] may evolve good =m if %e is a natural born horsewoman1 yet ?is is s r>e t1 ) mo/ ( u1 a k at ! />t ( ! g5]al fundam5tal pr9ciples :i* are ! basis ( =m 9 rid+ & driv+1 is ess5tial4 ,x 0 my good =tune to h my "m1 ,mrs4 ,emily ,s4 ,bea*1 lay ! f\ndation = me &1 simil>ly1 ^! *apt]s may aid "s ( my read]s4 ,no?+ 9 ?is book is he>say4 ,t :i* takes b a mom5t to tell has tak5 me ye>s to le>n2 le>n$ z a pupil2 le>n$ z a tea*]2 le>n$ by obs]vation2 le>n$ by exhibition1 by _m a triumph1 by _m a he>t-break2 mu* ( x a pleasure1 mu* a h>d task1 b repaid always by my comrades ?r\gh x all--! horses4 ,i desire to express my ?anks to ,messrs4 ,brew/] ,co41 ,mr4 ,h]man ,haas1 ,messrs4 ,m>t9 ,m>t91 ,messrs4 ,:ippey1 ,/eggall ,co41 ,! ,durl& ,co41 & ,mr4 ,p4 ,n>d = ! _m illu/rations & sugge/ions :i* !y h k9dly giv5 me4 ,_m ( ! illu/rations are f photographs :i* my fri5ds h be5 k9d en\gh to s5d me4 ,,cont5ts ,,"p ,i--,,rid+ ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,=m ,,9 ,,rid+ #c ,,ii4 ,,h&s #ad ,,iii4 ,,m\nt+--,,side-,,saddle #ca ,,iv4 ,,rid+ ,,a/ride #cg ,v4 ,,hunt+ #eh ,,vi4 ,,%[ ,,r+ #gg ,,vii4 ,,h9ts ,,on ,,rid+ #ia ,,viii4 ,,correct ,,dress ,,= ,,! ,,saddle #ajh ,,ix4 ,,saddles ,,& ,,bridles #acc ,x4 ,,! ,,saddle ,,horse #aeg ,,xi4 ,,! ,,selection ,,( ,a ,,saddle ,,horse #ahj ,,"p ,,ii--,,driv+ ,,xii4 ,,=m #aic ,,xiii4 ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,,& ,,t&em ,,driv+ #bag ,,xiv4 ,,%[ ,,r+ ,,appo9tm5ts #bde ,,xv4 ,,h9ts ,,on ,,driv+ #bej ,,xvi4 ,,dress #bei ,,xvii4 ,,bits ,,& ,,be>+ ,,re9s #bfd ,,xviii4 ,,h>ness #bgc ,,xix4 ,,gymkhana ,,games ,,& ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,private ,,horse ,,%[s #bhb ,,index #bia ,,illu/rations ,portrait ( ,au?or ,frontispiece ,,page ,correct ,position ( ,body 9 ,side-,saddle #f ,incorrect ,position ( ,body #g ,correct ,position ( ,legs #h ,ano!r ,position ( ,legs #i ,incorrect ,position ( ,legs #aj ,incorrect ,position ( ,legs #aa ,correct ,position ) ,horse 9 ,action #ab ,! ,position ( ! ,*ild on ! ,left ( ! ,picture is ,correct & t ( ! ,*ild on ! ,"r is ,incorrect #ac ,correct ,position ( ,re9s #ah ,rev]s+ ,position ( ,curb & ,snaffle ,re9s #be ,correct ,position = ,p>k ,rid+ #bg ,re9s 9 ,bo? ,h&s #bg ,m\nt+ )\t ,assi/ance #cb ,m\nt+ ) ,assi/ance #cc ,m\nt$ #cd ,dism\nt+ ) ,assi/ance #ce ,dism\nt+ )\t ,assi/ance #cf ,correct ,co/ume = ,"y ,girls ,rid+ ,a/ride #ci ,correct ,position = ,rid+ ,a/ride #dj ,! 8,c[boy0 ,we/]n ,co/ume & ,saddle #dc ,m\nt+ ,engli% ,fa%ion #df ,m\nt+ ,engli% ,fa%ion 7,ano!r ,way7 #dg ,m\nt+ ,milit>y ,fa%ion #dh ,m\nt+ ,ei!r ,fa%ion #di ,dism\nt+ #eb ,dism\nt+ #ec ,ov] ,po/ & ,rail #ei ,a ,high ,jump] & ,hunt] 7,taconite7 #fj ,giv+ ,him ,8 ,head ,ov] a ,jump 7,hea!rbloom7 #fb ,positions ( ,h&s 9 ,hunt+ #fd ,side-,saddle1 ,position ,ris+1 ,h&s & ,body ,=w>d #fe ,a/ride1 ,position ( ,legs1 ,h&s1 & ,body at ,top ( ,jump #ff ,side-,saddle1 ,front ,view1 ,ris+ #fh ,com+ ,d[n #fi ,a ,good ,type ( ,hunt]1 ,br$ 9 ,virg9ia 7,philosoph]7 #gj ,a ,good ,type ( ,hunt]1 ,br$ 9 ! ,nor? 7,ripple7 #ga ,correct ,hunt+ ,co/ume #gc ,s&wi* ,cases & ,flasks #ge ,lady's ,p>k ,hack ,type 7,cor9ne7 #gh ,lady's ,p>k ,hack 7,m>ksman7 z ,he 0 :5 ,fir/ ,%[n #hb ,m>ksman a ,ye> ,lat]1 aft] ,he _h be5 8,f9$ ,d[n10 :5 ,he ,won ! ,*ampion%ip #hc ,l9$ ,up #hi ,safety ,/irrup1 ,op5 #ajc ,safety ,/irrup1 ,clos$ #ajc ,rid+ ,clo!s #aji ,new ,/yle ,co/ume = ,p>k ,rid+ #aab ,old ,/yle 7#ahhg7 ,po/ilion ,coat #aac ,a ,w9t] ,habit #aaf ,a ,sm>t ,summ] ,habit #aag ,/iff$-,legg$ ,boots4 ,field ,boots #abc ,puttees #acj ,lady's ,p>k & ,hunt+ ,saddle #acd ,side-,saddle ) ,wide ,pommels & ,safety ,flap #acf ,side-,saddle ) ,n>r[ ,pommels & ,safety ,flap ,up #acg ,side-,saddle ) ,/irrup ,adju/able f ,(f ,side #ach ,! ,same ,side-,saddle1 ,(f ,side1 ,%[+ ,spr+ ,flap :i* ,holds ,flap ,up or ,d[n at ,w1 ,p]mitt+ ,rid] to ,adju/ ,gir?s or ,/irrup ,lea!r ,:ile ,m\nt$ #aci ,diagram = ,measur+ ,side-,saddle #adj ,d\ble-,gir?4 ,fitz-,william ,gir?4 ,cord$ ,gir? #ada ,adju/+ ,/irrup f ,(f ,side #adc ,pla9 ,snaffle4 ,bit & ,bridoon4 ,bit & ,bridoon ) ,cavesson #adf ,correctly ,saddl$ & ,bridl$ = ,hunt+ #adh ,v>ieties ( ,rid+ ,bits #aej ,bits & ,bridles #aea ,lady's ,cross-,saddle ) ,rolls4 ,lady's ,cross-,saddle1 ,pla9 ,flap4 ,light-,weight ,saddle1 ,flaps ,cut ,=w>d #aee ,*ampion ,saddle ,m>e 7,lady ,bonnie7 #aeh ,comb9ation ,type 7,lady ,macdonald7 #aei ,engli% ,type ( ,lady's ,p>k ,hack #afj ,light-,weight ,?or\ghbr$ ,lady's ,rid+ ,horse 7,indian ,fl[]7 #afa ,?or\ghbr$ ,hunt] 7,sunday ,morn+7 #afd ,p]fect ,type ( ,heavy-,weight ,?or\ghbr$ ,rid+ ,horse 7,he>tspr+7 #afe ,%[ ,w9n] 9 ,p>k ,hack ,classes 7,sonia7 #afh ,high-,/epp+ ,p>k ,hack 7,roslyn7 #afi ,an ,old-,fa%ion$ ,comb9ation ,type 7,w>wick7 #agj ,comb9ation ,type 7,mayo7 #aga ,lightfoot1 ,w9n] ( ,ladies' ,saddle ,class #agd at ,age ( ,tw5ty-,?ree ,%[ ,pony #age ,polo ,pony #agg ,wel% ,pony4 ,! ,be/ ,type = ,*ildr5 #agh ,k5tucky ,br$ ,lady's ,rid+ ,horse 7,dixie7 #aha ,po9ts ( a ,horse #ahc ,lady's ,we/]n ,p>k ,hack 7,p9k ,lady7 #ahe ,george ,,iv ,phaeton #aid ,inspection ( ! ,h>ness #aie ,gett+ ,l5g? ( ! ,re9s #aif ,/epp+ into ! ,trap #aig 8,or?odox0 ,position ( ,re9s & ,:ip #aih 8,mod]n0 ,position ( ,re9s ) ,loop #aii ,correct ,position = ,%ort5+ ,re9s #bja ,pull+ ,up #bje ,/yles ( ,ladies' ,traps1 ,c\ntry & ,t[n #bji ,/>t+ #bab ,pull+ ,re9s ,?r\gh ,t]ret aft] ,pull+ ,up #bae ,a ,p]fectly ,appo9t$ ,road ,coa* ) ,po/ilion 7,london-,brighton1 #aijg7 #bah ,position ( ,f\r-9-,h& & ,t&em ,re9s 9 ,left ,h& #bai ,f\r-9-,h& ,h>ness #bbj ,w9d+ ,la% aft] ,cat*+ ,?ong #bbb ,measur+ ! ,re9s #bbc ,lady's ,f\r-9-,h& #bbf ,lady's ,f\r-9-,h& ,turn+ to ! ,"r #bbi ,high ,t&em ,c>t #bcb ,t&em f ,bay ,%ore1 ,long ,isl&1 ,%[1 #aiaa #bcd ,correct ,t&em ,h>ness = ,%[ ,r+ #bcf ,correct ,position ( ,h&s ,driv+ ,f\r-9-,h& or ,t&em #bch ,p]fectly ,appo9t$ ,lady's ,pair #bdf ,lady's ,s+le ,basket ,phaeton #bdg ,we/]n ,/yle ( ,gig ,horse #bdh ,driv+ a ,pair to a ,george ,,iv ,phaeton #bea ,basket ,phaeton #bed ,correct ,groom's ,liv]y #bfc ,bits #bfe ,prop] ,adju/m5t ( ,be>+ ,re9s #bgj ,s+le ,phaeton ,h>ness #bgd ,s+le ,road ,h>ness #bgf ,d\ble ,road ,h>ness #bgh ,engli% ,phaeton ,pair ,h>ness #bgi ,a ,hemp/ead ,c>t #bhj 7,newsboy7 ,a ,prize-,w9n+ ,runab\t ,entry #bhe ,judge's ,/& 9 ,op5 ,air ,%[ #bhf ,gymkhana ,games at ,c\ntry ,%[ #bhh ,,rid+ ,,& ,,driv+ ,,= ,,wom5 ,,"p ,i--,,rid+ 8,i ?9k ,i c\ld turn & live ) animals1 ,!y are s placid & self-conta9$2 ,i /& & look at !m long & long1 ,!y d n sweat & :9e ab\t _! condition1 ,!y d n lie awake 9 ! d>k & weep = _! s9s2 ,!y d n make me sick discuss+ _! duty to ,god2 ,n "o is dissatisfi$4 ,n "o is dem5t$ ) ! mania ( own+ ?+s2 ,n "o kneels to ano!r1 nor to 8 k9d t liv$ ?\s&s ( ye>s ago40 --,walt ,:itman4 ,,*apt] ,i ,,=m ,,9 ,,rid+ ,) all ! *anges 9 fa%ion & fads1 rid+ /ill holds its own1 & ! field :i* x occupies c nev] be invad$4 ,= wom51 q z mu* z & ev5 m ?an = m51 x is ( all ex]cises ! "o be/ adapt$ to keep !m 9 condition1 to re/ore ! gl[ ( heal?1 & to key up ! :ole sy/em to respond to all ! delights ( life4 ,no less = a woman ?an = a man is ! old say+ true1 8,!re is some?+ ab\t ! outside ( a horse t is good = ! inside ( a man40 ,self-made rid]s are apt to sc(f at :at is t]m$ 8=m10 b 8=m0 is nei!r fad nor fa%ion4 ,x is t way ( do+ any p>ticul> ?+ t is recogniz$ z ! be/4 ,?is is :y a self-taught p]son is at a disadvantage4 ,%e may1 possibly f h] exp]i5ce1 h work$ out ! correct !ory ( rid+1 b %e has n _h ! advantage ( le>n+ all t has be5 work$ out by o!rs1 & x is ! assimilation ( ! results ( o!rs' exp]i5ce t con/itutes =m4 ,rid+ %\ld1 ,i ?9k1 be z mu* a "p ( a *ild's education z any ( ! subjects taught at s*ool2 9 fact1 ,i w\ld p>aphrase & say t 8,read+1 ,rid+1 & ',ri?metic0 7 ! ess5tial elem5ts ( e *ild's education4 ,all *ildr5 f9d 9 x ! ke5e/ pleasure1 & to ! delicate *ild x (f]s salvation4 ,once ! fir/ difficulties are ov]come1 ! b5efits are soon realiz$4 ,b5efits n only to ! g5]al heal?1 ) re/or$ circulation & appetite1 b to ! "* :i* acquires pati5ce & self-control--qualities q z ess5tial z ! prop] use ( h&s & legs = ! mak+ ( a horsewoman4 ,i d n1 h[ev]1 approve ( v "y *ildr5 tak+ rid+ lessons4 ,! age ( sev5 is q "y en\gh1 = :5 y\ng] ?an t a *ild's legs are s %ort t x is difficult = h] to keep h] balance at any gait fa/] ?an a walk4 ,b ,i d approve ( v "y *ildr5 becom+ accu/om$ to ! motion & acquir+ balance by be+ held on ! back ( a v quiet pony1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 %\ld n g beyond a walk4 ,! great dang] 9 beg9n+ too "y is t ! *ild may h a fall1 &1 if %e does1 may receive a %ock to h] n]v\s sy/em1 ! effects ( :i* w make h] timid ab\t horses = ye>s to come4 ,i l to h a *ild come to me = h] lesson )\t fe>1 n timid f any pa/ exp]i5ce1 yet en\gh aw$ at assum+ control ( s big an object z a pony to h respect =1 & be dep5d5t on1 h] tea*]4 ,lat] on1 confid5ce w come ) increas+ k1 & s h] education z a horsewoman w be prop]ly begun4 ,al?\gh le>n+ to ride 9 *ildhood is c]ta9ly an advantage1 yet age is n necess>ily an imp$im5t to a woman's le>n+ ! art4 ,i h kn[n _m wom5 :o h nev] be5 on a horse's back until !y 7 =ty ye>s ( age1 or ev5 old]1 :o1 aft] a few c\rses ( lessons1 h d]iv$ mu* pleasure f _! rid+1 &1 ) application1 h ev5 become pr(ici5t4 ,h[ev]1 ! be/ rid]s1 l ! be/ s+]s or piani/s1 are born1 n made1 & !re is a grace ab\t ! natural rid] t _c be atta9$ ev5 by ! mo/ ?or\gh tra9+4 ,=m 9 rid+ dep5ds *iefly ^u a correct seat1 & t 9 turn dep5ds ^u balance & correct position4 ,balance c only be atta9$ by keep+ ! muscles relax$ & be+ ready to respond at any mom5t to e movem5t ( ! horse4 ,x is impossible to acquire balance if all ! muscles are /iff all ! "t4 ,! body %\ld sway 9 rhy?m ) ! horse's gait4 ,?is n only looks well1 b saves bo? rid] & horse f all unnecess>y ex]tion & fatigue4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,( ,,body ,,9 ,,side-,,saddle ,illu/ration3 ,,incorrect ,,position ,,( ,,body ,"r %\ld] too high & too f> =w>d1 caus$ by wrong position ( "r knee ,q z important z balance is ! prop] position 9 ! saddle4 ,! fir/ po9t1 rememb]1 is t ! body mu/ be squ>ely 9 ! saddle1 nei!r to ! "r nor to ! left1 & ! "r ?igh mu/ be kept po9t$ almo/ directly to ! front4 ,! body is kept 9 ?is position by hav+ bo? legs at all times 9 _! correct position4 ,! "r ?igh %\ld be well d[n on ! saddle & ! "r knee %\ld bo? press d[n & pull back on ! upp] pommel4 ,! "r leg f ! knee d[n %\ld be kept close1 b n rigid1 aga9/ ! saddle-flap & %\ld be ne>ly v]tical1 nei!r ?ru/ =w>d nor sideways nor twi/$ back1 & ! "r leg %\ld n t\* ! left leg4 ,if ! "r leg is kept 9 prop] place1 ! "r %\ld]--! bane ( s _m wom5 rid]s--w be nei!r =w>d nor d[n1 b squ>ely 9 l9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,( ,,legs ,"r leg v]tical1 left leg b5t at knee & hang+ naturally ,illu/ration3 ,,ano!r ,,position ,,( ,,legs ,"s wom5 hold _! legs 9 ?is position1 b ,i d n approve ( x ,illu/ration3 ,,incorrect ,,position ,,( ,,legs ,bo? legs too f> =w>d ,illu/ration3 ,,incorrect ,,position ,,( ,,legs ,left leg too f> back ,! left leg %\ld be kept 9 ! same position z a man's leg1 t is1 held 9 firmly aga9/ ! saddle4 ,! left knee %\ld be slightly b5t & ! leap+ horn & ! /irrup-lea!r %\ld be s adju/$ t ! =m] w press d[n & ov] ! left ?igh ab\t five in*es above ! knee4 ,side-saddles h two holes1 9 ei!r ( :i* ! leap+ horn may be screw$1 & = mo/ wom5 x is m com=table to h ! horn 9 ! l[] hole4 ,! left leg bel[ ! knee %\ld be v]tical1 nei!r ?ru/ =w>d ) ! heel d[n nor back ) ! toe bel[ ! level ( ! heel1 nor1 on ! o!r h&1 ?ru/ out at an angle ( =ty-five degrees or s f ! horse's side4 ,all b exp]i5c$ rid]s %\ld ride ) ! ball ( ! foot re/+ lightly on ! /irrup-iron1 ) ! heel a trifle d[n & ! foot p>allel to ! horse1 or1 if possible1 po9t$ 91 & ?is %\ld be done by turn+ ! leg at ! ?igh jo9t1 j z is lat] describ$ 9 ! cross seat4 ,:5 a rid] has become exp]t %e may ride ) h] foot 8home10 t is1 ) ! in/ep re/+ on ! iron4 ,x is always advisable to ride ) ! foot 8home0 :5 ! horse %ies or takes a fa/ gallop4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,) ,,horse ,,9 ,,action ,on ?is correct position ( ! left leg dep5ds ! ev5ness ( ! hips1 & on ! correct position ( bo? legs dep5d ! level ( ! %\ld]s1 ! level ( ! hips1 ! squ>5ess & firmness ( ! seat1 & ! prop] control ( balance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,*ild ,,on ,,! ,,left ,,( ,,! ,,picture ,,is ,,correct ,,& ,,t ,,( ,,! ,,*ild ,,on ,,! ,,"r ,,is ,,incorrect ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,h&s ,! h&s %\ld be held on a level ab\t six in*es 9 front ( ! wai/2 ! =e>ms horizontal1 ! upp] arms hang+ naturally f ! %\ld]s1 s z to keep ! elb[s level1 & 9 a v]tical plane ) ! %\ld]s4 ,b[+ ! elb[s out1 or1 on ! o!r h&1 clapp+ !m too close to ! sides1 are common faults1 & are equally bad n only = ! sake ( appe>ances1 b because1 9 ei!r ( ^! positions1 ! /r5g? ( ! arms is less5$4 ,simil>ly1 ! elb[s %\ld n be c>ri$ back :5 ! h&s are 9 position1 =1 if !y are1 y _c pull ! horse up %\ld he /umble1 or1 on occasion1 /op him sudd5ly2 nor %\ld !y be c>ri$ =w>d ov] ! knee1 = t position is /iff & tir+ & gives ! body a t5d5cy to b5d =w>d4 ,9 jump+ a horse tra9$ to jump 9 ! ,am]ican fa%ion1 :5 approa*+ ! jump1 ! h&s are c>ri$ well =w>d &1 at ! same "t1 ! body is also c>ri$ =w>d4 ,! reason = ?is is p>tly to help ! horse ov] ! jump1 & p>tly because ! horse1 be=e he rises1 ?r[s 8 head f> to ! front1 & ! rid]'s h&s & body move ) him4 ,on l&+1 ! horse's head & ) x ! rid]'s body & h&s resume _! normal position4 ,bo? h&s %\ld be kept 9 position1 & nei!r arm %\ld ev] be all[$ to hang at ! side 9 milit>y fa%ion4 ,no?+ looks worse 9 p>k rid+ = ei!r a woman or a man4 ,9 rid+ a horse t is bridlewise & p]fectly brok5 s t he w obey ! slighte/ movem5t ( ! re9s & c make all ! *anges ( action & ( gait by a m]e sugge/ion f "o h&1 ! o!r h& %\ld /ill be kept 9 almo/ ! same position z if x held ! re9s1 & rememb] t if x is necess>y to re>range ! hair or ! hat1 or if y wi% to make any ge/ure ) ! "r h&1 to be sure to transf] ! :ip to ! left h&4 ,by neglect+ ?is precaution & c>ry+ ! :ip 9 ! "r h&1 :5 x is mov$ ab\t1 y\r horse1 or y\r companion's1 may see ! :ip & ?9k he is ab\t to be /ruck1 & a s]i\s accid5t may result4 ,! left h& is ! bridle-h& & ! "o 9 :i* ! re9s %\ld habitually be c>ri$4 ,aft] m\nt+1 & 9 fir/ tak+ up ! re9s1 rememb] t ! snaffle re9 is a trifle long] & wid] ?an ! curb re9 & t ! ends ( ! snaffle re9s are jo9$ ) a buckle :ile ! ends ( ! curb are /it*$ toge!r4 ,!re are diff]5t ways ( fir/ tak+ up ! re9s4 ,"o ( ! be/ is to grasp !m toge!r 9 ! "r h&1 ! curb re9s 9 ! middle & ! snaffle re9s on ! outside1 draw+ !m suffici5tly tight to feel ! horse's m\? v lightly1 ) ! ends pass+ ?r\gh ! h& & out "u ! little f+]2 !n1 hold+ !m all horizontal1 to pass ! left h& d[n on !m v]tically1 ! ne> snaffle re9 outside ! little f+]1 ! ne> curb betwe5 ! little f+] & ! ?ird f+]1 ! (f curb betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s1 & ! (f snaffle betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s4 ,!n let g ) ! "r h& & turn ! left h& into its position ) ! ends ( ! re9s com+ out betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,ano!r way is fir/ to take up ! snaffle re9s ) ! "r h&1 ! (f re9 outside ! little f+]1 ! ne> betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s1 feel ! horse's m\? lightly1 & !n pass !m into _! correct position 9 ! left h&1 ! ne> snaffle outside ! little f+]1 ! (f snaffle betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s2 !n pick up ! curb re9s ) ! "r h& & pass !m to ! left h& sep>at$ by ! ?ird f+]4 ,a ?ird way is fir/ to pick !m up 9 ! "r h& 9 ! same position 9 :i* !y %\ld f9ally be 9 ! left h&1 except t ! (f & ne> re9s are rev]s$2 t is1 ! (f snaffle re9 comes outside ! little f+]1 & ! ne> snaffle re9 betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s1 & simil>ly ) ! curb4 ,!n drop ! left h& ov] !m1 9 front ( ! "r1 z above describ$1 ) ! f+]s 9 _! correct f9al position4 ,?is position has be5 already describ$1 b ,i w /ate x aga93 ,! ne> snaffle re9 comes outside ( ! little f+]1 ! ne> curb re9 betwe5 ! little & ?ird f+]s1 ! (f curb re9 betwe5 ! ?ird & second f+]s1 ! (f snaffle re9 betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s2 ! ends ( ! re9s come up ?r\gh ! h& & fall to ! "r betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,! re9s %\ld be adju/$ to _! prop] l5g? ) ! "r h& s z to feel ! horse's m\? lightly be=e ! f+]s ( ! left h& are clos$ on !m4 ,) reg>d to ! ends ( ! re9s1 x is equally correct to h all f\r re9s "o ^u ! o!r1 & !n put ! ?umb on top ( !m all1 or to put ! ?umb on top ( ! snaffle re9s & h ! curb re9s pass to ! "r ( ! ?umb1 if "o is rid+ on ! snaffle2 or1 if "o is rid+ on ! curb1 to h ! ?umb re/+ on ! curb re9s & ! snaffle re9s pass+ to ! "r ( ! ?umb4 ,! re9s %\ld be prop]ly arrang$ 9 ! left h&1 z ,i h describ$1 at ! />t1 :5 ! body & ! elb[ are 9 _! correct positions1 & !y %\ld be held at ?is same l5g? at all times & n all[$ to slip ?r\gh ! f+]s4 ,!y %\ld be held by press+ ! edges ( ! re9s1 ) ! f+]s1 aga9/ ! cu%ion ( ! h&1 & n by squeez+ ! flat surfaces ( ! re9s betwe5 ! f+]s4 ,! pr9cipal reason :y beg9n]s let ! re9s slip ?r\gh _! f+]s is t !y d n hold ! re9s by ! edges4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,( ,,re9s #a--,(f snaffle re94 #b--,(f curb re94 #c--,ne> curb re94 #d--,ne> snaffle re94 ,! :ip1 crop1 or /ick1 :i*ev] may be c>ri$1 belongs 9 ! "r h&1 b ! :ip & /ick are bo? c>ri$ ) ! h&le up & ! small end po9t+ d[nw>d :]eas ! crop %\ld always be c>ri$ ) ! h&le d[nw>d & ! loop end upw>d4 ,! reason = ?is is1 probably1 because 9 ,engl& crops :i* h h&les are us$ = op5+ ! lat*es ( gates1 &1 :5 held 9 ?is position1 ! h&le c be quickly us$ = ?is purpose )\t ! crop be+ %ift$4 ,ano!r reason is because1 :5 us$ 9 ! hunt+ field ) ! la%1 ! la% c be got out quickly1 & ! crop w be 9 position = use at a mom5t's notice4 ,:i*ev] ( ! ?ree1 :ip1 /ick1 or crop1 may be c>ri$1 hold x lightly 9 ! palm betwe5 ! ?umb & fir/ f+] ( ! "r h&4 ,i h already describ$ ! position ( ! re9s 9 ! left h&4 ,! next ?+ to be consid]$ is ! position ( ! left h& itself :5 hold+ ! re9s4 ,z ,i h said1 ! =e>m mu/ be horizontal4 ,! h& mu/ be held ) ! knuckles ne>ly v]tical1 & n horizontal1 z _m hold x4 ,! h& mu/ be b5t 9 t[>d ! body at ! wri/1 & ! wri/ mu/ be flexible s z to give slightly ) ! movem5t ( ! horse's head4 ,ne>ly all beg9n]s h great difficulty 9 rememb]+ to keep ! wri/ b5t1 z !y are apt to /raight5 x out s z to give a direct tug on ! horse's m\? ) _! arm1 & s lose ! spr+ :i* ! supple wri/ w\ld give !m4 ,! "r h& %\ld be held symmetrically ) ! left1 b5t 9 at ! wri/ 9 ! same way1 & ) ! knuckles at ab\t ! same angle4 ,= beg9n]s1 x is bett]1 until !y h acquir$ fairly good 8h&s10 to hold ! bight ( all f\r re9s 9 ! "r h& betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]1 ab\t an in* f ! left h& & j bel[ ! :ip1 ! bight ( all f\r re9s pass+ ?r\gh ! "r h& & out "u ! little f+]4 ,?is keeps ! "r h& 9 position ready = an em]g5cy1 b x does n all[ x to int]f]e ) ! ev5 pressure & 8feel0 :i* ! left h& has on ! horse's m\?1 ) bo? ! ne> & (f re9s4 ,rememb] t1 "u normal circum/ances1 all f\r re9s mu/ be held firmly 9 ! left h&1 & t !re mu/ be an exactly ev5 pressure on ! horse's m\? on bo? sides1 & t1 9 ord] to keep ! re9s s & prev5t !m f slipp+1 !y mu/ be held by ! edges betwe5 ! second jo9ts ( ! f+]s & ! cu%ion ( ! h&1 & mu/ also be firmly press$ d[n betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,! "r h& %\ld1 z x 71 be kept 9 res]ve & us$ z circum/ances may require4 ,= in/ance1 if ! horse is ?or\ghly bridlewise1 he w h be5 tra9$ to turn to ! left by pass+ ! left h& to ! left1 at ! same "t slightly turn+ x on ! upp] arm z a pivot1 ?us t\*+ ! (f side ( ! horse's neck ) ! (f re9s2 simil>ly1 to turn to ! "r by c>ry+ ! left h& to ! "r1 & turn+ x to ! "r on ! upp] arm z a pivot1 ?us be>+ ! ne> re9s aga9/ ! ne> side ( ! horse's neck4 ,_m saddle-horses1 h[ev]1 h n be5 tra9$ to ?is1 s !y h to be turn$ 9 rid+ v mu* z 9 driv+2 t is1 by pull+ ! re9 ( ! side t[>d :i* !y are to turn4 ,n[1 ) a horse :i* has an exceptionally s5sitive m\?1 & a rid] ) exceptionally good h&s1 ?is c be done by a m]e turn ( ! left wri/2 b if ! horse has n a s5sitive m\?1 or ! rid] has n v good h&s1 ! "r h& mu/ be call$ into assi/ance4 ,9 su* a case turn+ ! horse to ! "r is v simply accompli%$ by tak+ ! (f re9s 9 ! "r h& a few in*es 9 front ( ! left 7:i*1 h[ev]1 mu/ reta9 its grasp ( all ! re9s )\t %ift+71 sep>at$ by ! little f+]1 ! two re9s pass+ out betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,!n1 by a slight pressure ( ! "r h&1 br+ ! horse's head ar\nd to ! "r4 ,turn+ to ! left1 h[ev]1 is n done by tak+ up ! ne> re9s 9 ! "r h&1 z 9 driv+1 b by tak+ ! (f re9s 9 ! "r h& j z if "o 7 go+ to turn to ! "r1 b )\t any pull on ! (f re9s4 ,!n lett+ ! (f re9s slip slightly ?r\gh ! f+]s ( ! left h&1 & pull+ ! ne> re9s ) ! left h& en\gh to make ! horse turn1 & z soon z ! turn is accompli%$1 re/or+ ! re9s to ! =m] position 9 ! left h&4 ,ano!r purpose = :i* ! "r h& mu/ be always available is = %ort5+ ! re9s4 ,?is %\ld be done by grasp+ ! bight or ends ( all f\r re9s toge!r 9 ! "r h&1 beh9d ! left1 betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]1 pass+ ?r\gh ! h& & out by ! little f+]1 & slipp+ ! left h& up on ! re9s z mu* z may be ne$$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 m /r5g? is requir$ ?an c be _h f ! left arm only1 ! "r h& %\ld be plac$ on all f\r re9s 9 front ( ! left h&1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 w h to be turn$ s z to br+ ! knuckles horizontal1 ! re9s occupy+ ! same position 9 ! "r h& z 9 ! left1 only rev]s$2 t is1 ! (f snaffle com+ outside ! little f+]1 & ! ne> snaffle betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s1 etc4 ,! f+]s ( ! "r h& are !n clos$ ^u ! re9s & ! horse pull$ 9 ) all ! /r5g? ( bo? arms4 ,i d n mean to imply = a mom5t t any horse c be pull$ up or /opp$ by a /eady pull on ! re9s1 = no woman is /rong en\gh to /op a horse :o is det]m9$ to run1 by pitt+ h] /r5g? aga9/ 84 ,!re mu/ be a 8give & take10 & ev5 9 /opp+ a runaway1 alt]nately giv+ him 8 head & !n pull+ him 91 is f> m effective ?an a /eady pull2 nor %\ld a horse ev] be /opp$ or pull$ up ) a j]k unless to avoid runn+ ov] a *ild or 9 "s o!r em]g5cy4 ,to /op a horse or make him sl[ d[n1 he %\ld fir/ be giv5 8 head slightly by c>ry+ ! h& =w>d1 & !n pull$ up gradually4 ,if y />t to pull a horse ) a viol5t j]k y w imm$iately excite 8 res5tm5t & make him pull aga9/ y ) all 8 /r5g?1 & y w end 9 giv+ him a h>d m\? & develop+ a 8pull]40 ,ano!r purpose = :i* ! "r h& %\ld be 9 read9ess is to tight5 ! curb re9s4 ,if ! horse is be+ ridd51 z he usually w be1 ei!r ) ! pressure on all f\r re9s ab\t ev5 or ) ! curb re9s some:at loos] ?an ! snaffle1 & he />ts to pull1 or !re is "s o!r occasion = us+ ! curb1 ! "r h& may be br\ght ov] 9 front ( ! left & ! curb re9s tak5 9 ! "r f two to six in*es 9 front ( ! left h&1 sep>at$ by ! ?ird f+]1 pass+ out betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,! curb c !n be tight5$ ) ! "r h& )\t affect+ ! snaffle1 & ! horse made to sl[ d[n or /op1 z may be requir$4 ,great c>e1 h[ev]1 %\ld be tak5 by beg9n]s n to attempt to d ?is1 z !y w\ld be almo/ c]ta9 to put f> too great pressure on ! curb1 might cause ! horse to re>1 & w\ld be v apt to make him />t to run1 ?r\gh ob/9acy4 ,i w\ld1 !re=e1 nev] advise a beg9n] to attempt to take up ! curb re9s 9 ?is way unless "s em]g5cy made x imp]ative4 ,"s rid]s ) v light h&s1 :5 rid+ v p[]ful horses ) r h>d m\?s1 may f9d x desirable to ride on ! curb in/ead ( on ! snaffle4 ,9 su* case !re are two positions :i* may be tak54 ,"o is to put ! curb re9s 9 ! position ( ! snaffle re9s & vice v]sa1 & !n leave ! snaffle re9s some:at loos] ?an ! curb4 ,?is is a me?od mu* us$ ) ! ,k5tucky type ( saddle-horse & ) horses :i* h be5 brok5 to ! use ( ! curb only1 z are ne>ly all army horses4 ,ano!r way ( hold+ ! re9s :5 rid+ on ! curb is to sep>ate ! two curb re9s ) ! little f+] ( ! left h& & ! two snaffle re9s ) ! middle f+]4 ,! re9s are !n held 9 ! army fa%ion4 ,"s horses h be5 brok5 to be ridd5 9 ?is way1 & ! rid] may f9d x easi] ) !m4 ,nei!r ( ^! la/ two ways ( hold+ ! re9s ( :i* ,i h spok5 %\ld be attempt$ by beg9n]s z !y w only confuse !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rev]s+ ,,position ,,( ,,curb ,,& ,,snaffle ,,re9s #a--,(f curb re94 #b--,(f snaffle re94 #c--,ne> curb re94 #d--,ne> snaffle re94 ,ano!r po9t :i* is v (t5 neglect$ is t ! re9s mu/ n be twi/$ betwe5 ! bridle & _! ends4 ,be sure t !y are kept /raight at all times1 z x looks v badly to see !m twi/$ ei!r on ! neck or 9 ! bight ( ! re9s1 & if ! bight is twi/$1 "o is v apt to mix ! re9s :5 *ang+ !m4 ,) reg>d to hold+ ! re9s 9 bo? h&s1 ?is %\ld only be done by beg9n]s1 & 9 ! hunt+ field1 & ) absolutely gre5 horses :o h to h _! heads pull$ ar\nd 9 ord] to turn !m4 ,i %all discuss ! position ( ! h&s 9 ! hunt+ field 9 ! *apt] on hunt+1 & :at ,i h said ab\t turn+ horses :o are n bridlewise cov]s all t ne$s to be said ab\t gre5 horses4 ,beg9n]s %\ld n use ! curb re9s at all1 & %\ld hold "o snaffle re9 9 ea* h&1 ! snaffle re9s be+ held 9 ! position ( ! ne> snaffle re9 9 ! left h&1 & ! (f snaffle re9 9 ! "r h&2 t is1 pass+ outside ( ! little f+] up ?r\gh ! h& & held betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,a beg9n]1 p>ticul>ly if %e has ev] driv51 w naturally />t to take a re9 9 ea* h& 9 ! driv+ position1 t is1 sep>at$ by ! ?umb & =ef+] & com+ out "u ! little f+]4 ,?is position is nev] tak5 9 rid+4 ,! object ( tak+ a re9 9 ea* h& is to accu/om ! f+]s to ! re9s1 & ! rid] to hold+ ! "r h& p>allel ) ! left4 ,keep+ ! "r h& 9 a correspond+ position to t ( ! left n only looks sm>t & neat1 b x helps to keep ! "r %\ld] 9 place4 ,( c\rse1 9 ! side-saddle1 ! t5d5cy ( all beg9n]s is to c>ry ! "r %\ld] =w>d & high] ?an ! left4 ,if ! "r =e>m is held symmetrically ) ! left =e>m1 ! "r %\ld] _c be out ( place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,= ,,p>k ,,rid+ ,"r h& hold+ re9s lightly & rid+ /ick ,illu/ration3 ,,re9s ,,9 ,,bo? ,,h&s ,position = beg9n] ,re9s 9 same position 9 ea* h& ,9 rid+ a/ride beg9n]s %\ld also hold a re9 9 ea* h&1 z hold+ ! re9s 9 ! left h& only t5ds to pull ! left %\ld] =w>d & out ( place4 ,s :5 rid+ a/ride1 ! symmetrical position ( ! "r h& & arm ) ! left br+s ! "r %\ld] =w>d & keeps ! %\ld]s squ>e4 ,i h m5tion$ above ! reasons = sometimes rev]s+ ! positions ( ! curb & snaffle4 ,ano!r case :]e ?is may prop]ly be done is :]e a runn+ m>t+ale is us$4 ,next to balance1 light h&s are ! mo/ important attribute ( a good rid]4 ,!y really are a gift1 l an e> = music1 or a delicate s5se ( t\*1 or acute vision1 & g ) a c]ta9 n]v\s & s5sitive temp]am5t4 ,"s rid]s h naturally light h&s & sc>cely ne$ any in/ruction ) reg>d to !m4 ,) !m ! feel+ ( ! horse's m\? is in/9ctive4 ,light h&s1 h[ev]1 c1 to a great ext5t1 be cultivat$1 & !re is no excuse = any exp]i5c$ rid] hav+ heavy h&s4 ,wom5 are m apt to h light h&s ?an m51 & :ile m5 may rely on /r5g? to control a horse1 & c control _m horses by %e] brute =ce1 wom5 v seldom h suffici5t physical /r5g? to d ?is4 ,wom5 %\ld seek 8! /r5g? ( effect & n ! effect ( /r5g?40 ,x is h>d to def9e ! t]m 8light h&s40 ,if ,i might attempt a def9ition1 ,i w\ld say t ! h&s s]ve z a means ( communication betwe5 ! horse's & ! rid]'s m9d1 s t ! rid]1 ?r\gh ! t\* ( ! horse's m\?1 communicat$ ?r\gh ! re9s & h&s1 kn[s :at is 9 ! horse's m9d & s c make ! horse's m9d in/antly respond to ! rid]'s w1 & ?us ! rid] & horse are at all times 9 sympa?y1 & ! horse act+ )1 & n aga9/1 8 rid]1 & ! rid] )1 & n aga9/1 h] horse4 ,lightness does n 9 any way d5ote weakness1 =1 beh9d ! light t\*1 !re mu/ always be firmness1 decision1 & /r5g?4 ,nor does lightness mean a t\* s vague t x produces ^u ! horse's m9d an impression ( vacillation4 ,9 rid+ x is mo/ important = ! rid]1 once %e has made up h] m9d :at to make ! horse d1 to make ! horse d t ?+ & n all[ him to d any?+ else4 ,"o might1 inde$1 say t lightness ( h&s is v closely ak9 to tact & t x is a means ( induc+ a horse to adopt z 8 own ! w ( 8 rid]4 ,i spoke a mom5t ago ( /r5g?4 ,by ?is ,i mean firmness & n brute =ce4 ,if a rid] is =tunate en\gh to be gift$ ) lightness1 %e w be able to control h] horse by a _s ( love in/ead ( adopt+ ! brutal me?od ( controll+ him by fe> & hav+ him prep>$ at e mom5t to obta9 8 rev5ge ^u 8 rid]1 z a horse t has be5 treat$ brutally is almo/ c]ta9 to d :5 he has ! opportunity4 ,c\pl$ ) ! lightness ( h&s %\ld be fe>lessness 9 ! m9d ( ! rid]1 & ! horse mu/ "k bo? t ! rid] is fe>less & t %e tru/s him4 ,if ! rid] %[s a lack ( confid5ce 9 ! horse & acts z if %e 7 suspici\s ( him1 ! horse w soon "k x1 & w d exactly :at ! rid] fe>s t he w4 ,a horse has a m9d :i* v readily receives impressions f ! rid]'s m9d4 ,= in/ance1 a rid] expects a horse to %y at "s object2 %e w unconsci\sly imp>t t ?\ght into ! horse's m9d & ! horse is almo/ c]ta9 to %y2 b if %e w say to h]self1 8!re is no?+ to %y at1 we w simply g quietly by ?is02 if %e does n int]f]e ) ! re9s & gives ! horse absolutely no sign t %e has any ?\ght ( %y+ 9 h] m9d1 ! horse w1 n9e times out ( t51 if n t5 times1 pass by ! object )\t %[+ ! slighte/ al>m4 ,x is usually ! rid] t %ies & n ! horse4 ,"s rid]s make ! great mi/ake ( fir/ ?9k+ t a horse is go+ to %y at "s object1 !n =c+ him1 by :ip & spur1 to g up to t object & pass x4 ,!y w ?us br+ ! horse to a /ate ( ! mo/ pitiable excitem5t & panic1 &1 :ile !y may succe$1 !y may be q sure t ! next "t he sees t object1 or goes by ! same place1 he w be f> m afraid1 = he w dread n only ! object itself1 b a repetition ( ! :ipp+ & spurr+4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,m\nt+--,,side-,,saddle ,!re are two ways ( m\nt+ ) ! side-saddle--f ! gr\nd & f ! block4 ,! =m] me?od is pref]able1 z a block is seldom available1 & a woman %\ld always be able to m\nt f ! gr\nd ) or )\t assi/ance4 ,to m\nt f ! gr\nd )\t assi/ance1 /& at ! horse's ne> side1 fac+ ! saddle4 ,l5g!n ! lea!r to ! la/ hole1 take up ! re9s 9 ! left h& & !n place x on ! upp] pommel4 ,place ! left foot 9 ! /irrup1 assi/+ ) ! "r h& if necess>y1 !n grasp ! cantle ) ! "r h& & spr+ f ! "r foot1 pull+ y\rself up ) bo? arms1 & ?r[ ! body into ! saddle1 lett+ g ) ! "r h& j z y rea* ! saddle4 ,!n raise ! "r knee & place x ov] ! pommel1 %ort5 ! lea!r to its prop] l5g?1 adju/ ! skirt1 & place ! loops ov] ! feet4 ,:ile ?is is easy = a tall woman ) a pony1 x is v difficult = a %ort woman ) a l>ge horse1 s 9 t case ! be/ ?+ to d is to /& y\r horse d[nhill or 9 a dit*1 or to /& y\rself on a /one or a f5ce--if "o is available4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,)\t ,,assi/ance ,left foot 9 /irrup1 "r h& grasp+ cantle ,to m\nt ) assi/ance1 ! lea!r be+ left at its prop] l5g?1 /& opposite ! cantle1 fac+ to ! front1 place y\r left foot 9 ! man's "r h& or 9 bo? 8 h&s clasp$1 !n at an agre$ signal spr+ f ! "r foot & h him ?r[ y1 b n too high1 into ! saddle1 !n place ! "r knee ov] ! pommel & ! left foot 9 ! /irrup4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,) ,,assi/ance ,groom hold+ ! re9s 9 8 left h& & assi/+ ) "r h& only ,if y\r horse is n]v\s or does n /& well1 x is bett] = ! man :o is assi/+ y to hold ! horse's re9s 9 8 left h& & lift y ) 8 "r h& only1 or y c take ! re9s 9 y\r left h& & place x on ! pommel & y\r "r h& on ! cantle1 & !n let ! man lift y ) bo? h&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt$ ,9 m\nt+ f ! block1 ! groom /&s by ! horse's head & holds him2 y !n sit on ! saddle1 place y\r "r knee ov] ! pommel & y\r left foot 9 ! /irrup4 ,! groom %\ld adju/ ! /raps1 or y may adju/ !m y\rself1 & y %\ld !n take ! re9s 9 ! left h&4 ,nev]1 "u any circum/ances1 :5 m\nt+ f ! block1 put y\r foot 9 ! /irrup be=e y are 9 ! saddle1 z1 if ! horse %\ld />t1 y w\ld lose y\r balance & h a fall4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dism\nt+ ,,) ,,assi/ance ,9 dism\nt+1 ) or )\t assi/ance1 ! fir/ ?+ to d is to take ! /raps (f & cle> ! left foot f ! /irrup1 !n ?r[ ! "r leg cle> ( ! pommel2 ga!r ! re9s 9 ! "r h& & place x on ! pommel1 !n spr+ lightly to ! gr\nd4 ,if any "o is assi/+ y1 y %\ld place y\r left h& on 8 %\ld]4 ,x is mo/ important to cle> ! /irrup fir/1 z o!rwise1 ) y\r "r knee cle> ( ! pommel1 y might lose y\r balance & be dragg$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dism\nt+ ,,)\t ,,assi/ance ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,rid+ ,,a/ride ,9 ^! days ( 8advanc$0 ideas ! advisability ( wom5 ap+ m5 9 yet ano!r way1 by rid+ a/ride1 is ! subject ( g5]al discussion4 ,_m 8au?orities0 ^u rid+--8m]e m510 x is ne$less to say--speak ) en?usiasm ( ! day :5 all wom5 w ride 9 ?is1 = mo/ ( !m1 unga9ly & unbecom+ fa%ion4 ,p]sonally1 ,i deplore ?is t5d5cy & believe t x is a m]e pass+ fad & t1 except "u peculi> conditions :i* ,i %all m5tion1 mo/ wom5 ride be/ & look be/ 9 ! side-saddle4 ,! av]age woman is n built = cross-saddle rid+2 h] legs f ! knee up are too %ort2 h] ?ighs too ?ick2 h] hips too big1 & %e is cu%ion$ too high to enable h] to keep close d[n ) ! requir$ firmness on ! saddle4 ,! side-saddle c]ta9ly insures a /rong] seat1 especially 9 all cases ( pit*+ =w>d1 z1 = in/ance1 ) a /umbl+ horse or a kick+ "o1 or on l&+ aft] a jump4 ,) safety skirts & safety /irrups ! dang] f dragg+ is obviat$ & ?is1 ! only s]i\s dang] 9 ! use ( ! side-saddle1 is m ?an (fset 9 my judgm5t by ! great dang] ( a woman be+ ?r[n because ( h] insecure seat 9 a man's saddle4 ,_m claim t ! cross-saddle is saf] ?an ! side-saddle 9 case ( a re>+ horse fall+ ov] backw>d4 ,i d n agree ) ?is1 =1 9 ! fir/ place1 _m good m5 rid]s h suff]$ %ock+ accid5ts 9 ?is way &1 :5 rid+ 9 ! cross-saddle1 unless ! rid] succe$s 9 ?r[+ himself cle> f ! horse1 he is almo/ sure to h "o leg brok54 ,on ! o!r h&1 ) a side-saddle1 if ! horse comes d[n on 8 (f side1 !re is no dang] ( a brok5 leg1 & :5 ! horse />ts to re> a woman c usually make him fall on ! (f side by pull+ 8 head to t side ) all h] /r5g?1 s t on ?is po9t ! ease ( cle>+ oneself f a cross-saddle is m ?an (fset by ! ability to ?r[ ! horse ) safety & make him fall on ! (f side4 ,up to ! age ( elev5 or twelve x is a good plan = a "y girl to le>n to ride a/ride & s acquire balance & confid5ce1 b if %e is to use ! side-saddle ev5tually %e %\ld c]ta9ly beg9 to use x at ! age ( twelve1 & ,i w\ld advise beg9n+ z e>ly z elev54 ,if %e beg9s on ! cross-saddle & acquires ! knack at ?is e>ly age1 x w be easi] = h] to take x up aga9 on occasion lat] 9 life1 &1 ( c\rse1 ! advantages :i* come f le>n+ to ride )\t a saddle c be/ be acquir$ a/ride1 ?\gh !y may be acquir$ ) a pommel & leap+ horn on a surc+le4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,co/ume ,,= ,,"y ,,girls ,,rid+ ,,a/ride ,9 rid+1 wom5 are v g5]ally accompani$ by m51 & !re are few occasions :5 a woman has x 9 h] p[] to look bett]--or worse--?an :5 9 ! saddle4 ,x is only ^? wom5 :o are built l m5 & v "y girls :o look at all well a/ride4 ,a woman ) m]ely a normally develop$ figure looks bo? ridicul\s & immode/ 9 ?is position1 & 9 an ,engli% saddle ?or\ghly ill at ease4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,= ,,rid+ ,,a/ride ,mu* z ,i disapprove ( mo/ wom5 us+ ! cross-saddle1 yet1 z ?is book is int5d$ to be a some:at complete treatise on rid+ = wom51 & z _m wom5 insi/ on us+ ! cross-saddle1 & z 9 "s p>ts ( ! ,we/1 & 9 r\gh+ x1 rid+ mu/ be a/ride if at all1 ,i %all make a few sugge/ions ab\t ! way 9 :i* a woman c be/ attempt to d ?is1 ?\gh x is some?+ 9 :i* %e c r>ely1 if ev]1 atta9 p]fection4 ,! saddle = cross rid+ g5]ally us$ by wom5 9 ! ,ea/ is ! same z a man's1 al?\gh "s mak]s are (f]+ a cross-saddle especially adapt$ = wom5 7see illu/ration1 page #aee74 ,^! saddles are built m on ! l9es ( an army saddle1 hav+ m dip & a /raight] flap ?an ^? = m54 ,_m m51 & ne>ly all hunt+ m5 & polo play]s1 use pla9 flap saddles2 t is1 )\t rolls & cut well =w>d s z to give pl5ty ( room = ! knees 7see illu/ration1 page #aee74 ,?is type ( saddle enables ! rid] to h 8 knees well up & =w>d & gives him a v firm seat = jump+4 ,few wom51 h[ev]1 are long en\gh 9 ! legs f ! knee up to take ?is seat1 s mo/ wom5 w f9d a roll flap saddle m com=table4 ,9 ! ,we/ ! ,mexican type ( saddle is g5]ally us$4 ,?is saddle has a high pommel1 or ev5 a high horn 9 front & a v high cantle s]v+ z a back re/1 mak+ :at is practically a 8di%$ out0 seat1 f> bett] suit$ to a woman's con=mation ?an ! ,engli% saddle4 ,! ,mexican type ( saddle1 h[ev]1 is n adapt$ to a horse ) a squ>e trot1 b only to ! lop+ or fox trott+ horses ( ! ,we/4 ,! reason = ?is is t 9 po/+ or ris+ to ! trot1 ! knees %\ld be q well up & =w>d1 & ! ,mexican saddle is s built t 9 x "o _c take ?is position4 ,!re are two di/9ct types ( seats recogniz$ 9 ?is c\ntry :i* may be call$1 = di/9ction1 ! milit>y & p>k seats2 ! =m] is ! correct seat = ! saddle ( ! ,mexican type4 ,9 ?is seat ! rid] sits upright ) ! legs almo/ /raight1 ! knees sc>cely b5t1 & ! ball ( ! foot re/+ on ! iron1 ) ! lea!r v long4 ,9 fact1 _m milit>y rid]s h _! legs p]fectly /raight & _! toes d[n4 ,?is seat is com=table only on ! 8five-gait$0 horses2 t is1 horses ^: gaits are ! s+le foot1 ! lope1 ! cant]1 ! pace1 b ^: trot1 in/ead ( be+ ! sm>t squ>e trot ( ! ,ea/]n p>k hack1 is m ( a runn+ walk & is kn[n z ! 8fox trot40 ,) a horse t has a true1 squ>e trot1 x w be f\nd1 z ,i h said1 t po/+ is bo? difficult & tir+ ) ?is milit>y seat & x is ill adapt$ = jump+ any?+ ov] two feet 9 height4 ,9 ! milit>y seat ! trot is tak5 up f ! ankles1 s t ! knees are slipp+ up & d[n1 :ile 9 ! p>k seat po/+ or ris+ is done f ! knees1 :i* %\ld rema9 9 ! same position at all times4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! 8,,c[boy0 ,,we/]n ,,co/ume ,,& ,,saddle ,! p>k seat looks mu* sm>t] ?an ! o!r1 & suits ! gaits ( ! types ( horses us$ 9 ! ,ea/ f> bett] & is ! prop] seat = ! ,engli% or hunt+ saddle4 ,9 ?is seat ! /irrups are consid]ably %ort] & ! knees are well b5t & c>ri$ 9 front ( ! lea!rs4 ,! feet may be c>ri$ 8home0 9 ! irons or re/+ on ! ball ( ! foot1 z pref]r$4 ,= hunt+1 ! =m] is ! position us$ by almo/ all m5 & equally advisable = wom54 ,_m ( ! be/ rid]s ride ) _! feet 8home0 at all times because1 ) mo/ saddles1 p>ticul>ly if ! rid] has long legs1 ) ! feet 8home0 ! l[] leg is advanc$ ab\t six in*es &1 z x %\ld be1 c>ri$ v]tically4 ,?is br+s ! knee well 9 front ( ! lea!rs4 ,?is position gives ! correct hunt+ seat & t seat is entirely correct = p>k rid+4 ,p]sonally1 ,i pref] rid+ ) ! feet 8home0 at all times4 ,to acquire a firm & balanc$ seat 9 rid+ a/ride1 by f> ! be/ me?od = a *ild is to take ! fir/ lessons on a blanket & surc+le )\t /irrups1 or on a felt pad ) deta*able wood5 /irrups4 ,! seat mu/ be close & ! rid] %\ld rely on balance & n on ! grip ( ! knees1 except 9 jump+ or 9 em]g5cies1 su* z %y+ or buck+4 ,! pr9ciple1 :e!r ) or )\t a saddle1 is to balance at all times1 ) an intuition :5 to grip4 ,:ile wom5 _c be expect$ to g ?r\gh ?is prelim9>y c\rse )\t saddle or /irrups1 x is unque/ionably ! be/ way to tea* boys1 & ,i see no reason :y girls %\ld n g ?r\gh x z well4 ,! great advantage ( beg9n+ )\t /irrups is t x tea*es a close seat at ! />t4 ,_m rid]s :o h n le>n$ by rid+ at fir/ )\t saddle & /irrups acquire ! habit ( rely+ altoge!r too mu* on ! /irrups to keep _! seats4 ,9 do+ ?is _! muscles are kept rigid1 !y become /iff & awkw>d1 & !y rely ^u grip & /r5g?1 :5 !y %\ld rely on ease & balance4 ,?is fault is especially common ) wom51 probably because !y h be5 us$ to ! support ( ! pommel & leap+ horn ( ! side-saddle4 ,9 rid+ b>eback1 or on a blanket1 ! rid]1 if %e is to reta9 h] seat at all1 mu/ d s by acquir+ a close seat1 :ile 9 ! saddle %e c rely m on ! /irrups4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,engli% ,,fa%ion ,fir/ position1 "r h& on cantle4 ,note t ! left h& is grasp+ ! mane in/ead ( ! pommel ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,engli% ,,fa%ion 7,,ano!r ,,way7 ,fir/ position1 left h& grasps mane in/ead ( re/+ on pommel1 & "r h& on pommel in/ead ( cantle4 ,?is position is good ) a re/ive horse ,!re are two recogniz$ me?ods ( m\nt+--! 8army0 & ! 8,engli%40 ,! latt] is g5]ally adopt$ 9 ! ,ea/1 b !re is mu* to be said 9 favor ( ! =m]1 ev5 ) ! ,engli% saddle1 :ile x is f> ! bett] me?od ) ! ,mexican or army saddle4 ,! ,engli% me?od is ?is3 ,! rid] /&s on ! ne> side1 fac+ ! saddle4 ,! re9s are ga!r$ 9 ! left h& 9 _! prop] position1 z describ$ 9 ! *apt] on 8,seats & ,h&s10 & are drawn tight en\gh to feel ! horse's m\? lightly4 ,! pommel is !n grasp$ 9 ! left h&4 ,! left foot is plac$ 9 ! iron1 assi/$ by ! "r h&1 if ne$$4 ,! cantle is !n grasp$ 9 ! "r h& & ! rid] spr+s f ! "r foot assi/$ by ! pull ( ! arms4 ,! "r leg is swung ov] ! cantle & into position on ! (f side ( ! saddle1 :ile at ! same "t ! "r h& is swung =w>d & out ( ! way ( ! leg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,milit>y ,,fa%ion ,fir/ position1 "r h& on pommel1 left h& grasp+ mane4 ,?is is practically ! same z %[n on page #dg ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,ei!r ,,fa%ion ,second position1 body balanc$ by ?r[+ weight on bo? arms ,! army me?od is ?is3 ,! rid] /&s at ! horse's ne> %\ld]1 fac+ t[>d ! pommel4 ,! snaffle re9s only are ga!r$ 9 ! "r h& s z to feel ! horse's m\? lightly4 ,! (f re9 outside ! little f+]1 ! ne> re9 betwe5 ! fir/ & ! second f+]s1 & ! bight ( ! re9s pass+ betwe5 ! ?umb & ! =ef+] & fall+ on ! ne> side ( ! horse s z n to be caught 9 ! "r leg4 ,! pommel is !n grasp$ ) ! "r h&4 ,! left foot is plac$ 9 ! iron assi/$ by ! left h&1 if ne$$4 ,a lock ( ! mane f six to twelve in*es above ! )]s is !n grasp$ 9 ! left h& & ! rid] spr+s f ! "r foot assi/$ by ! pull ( bo? arms4 ,! "r leg is swung ov] ! cantle & into position on ! (f side1 ! foot plac$ 9 ! /irrup1 & !n ! snaffle re9s are pass$ into ! left h& 9 _! prop] position & ! curb re9s are tak5 up 9 ! "r h& & plac$ 9 _! prop] position 9 ! left4 ,?is army me?od ( m\nt+ is claim$ to be1 & ,i am incl9$ to ?9k x is1 saf] ?an ! o!r1 especially ) a re/ive or kick+ horse4 ,x appe>s to give ! rid] a firm] hold :ile 9 ! act ( m\nt+4 ,! rid]'s weight is s f> =w>d t x is v difficult = ! horse to re>1 & ! rid]1 be=e plac+ 8 foot 9 ! /irrup1 /&s s f> to ! front t he is out ( ! rea* ( ! horse's kick4 ,:5 m\nt+ 9 ! ,engli% fa%ion1 if ! horse re>s be=e ! rid] has swung 8 leg ov]1 !re is q s]i\s dang] ( an accid5t1 & a m9or po9t is t1 unless ! saddle is tightly gir!d1 x is v mu* less liable to slip :5 m\nt+ 9 ! army fa%ion1 z a l>ge "p ( ! weight ( ! rid] is support$ by ! horse's mane4 ,?is army me?od ( m\nt+ is 9 g5]al use 9 ! ,we/1 & ( c\rse 9 ! ,am]ican army1 & _m m5 ) army tra9+ habitually use x ) ! ,engli% saddle4 ,9 ord] to adju/ ! lea!rs to ! prop] l5g? be=e m\nt+1 mo/ wom5 w f9d1 z mo/ m5 d1 t ! /irrup f ! tread ( ! iron to ! extremity ( ! lea!r %\ld be ! l5g? ( ! :ole arm ext5d$1 & ?is may readily be measur$ by plac+ ! tips ( ! f+]s on ! /irrup b>1 s t ! base ( ! iron re/s aga9/ ! armpit4 ,aft] m\nt+1 to adju/ ! l5g? ( ! /irrups1 cle> ! feet f ! irons & /raight5 ! legs s t !y fall naturally4 ,! tread ( ! iron %\ld !n be made to come j at ! ankle jo9t1 & ! /irrups w !n be ! "r l5g? :5 ! feet are c>ri$ 8home40 ,illu/ration3 ,,dism\nt+ ,"r leg ov] pommel1 left foot cle> ,few1 h[ev]1 c dism\nt 9 ?is fa%ion )\t %ift+ ! re9s ,9 dism\nt+1 :i*ev] me?od y adopt1 be sure to cle> ! left foot f ! /irrup z well z ! "r foot be=e y />t4 ,!re are two me?ods 9 vogue3 ! fir/ is to cle> bo? feet f ! /irrups & !n ?r[ ! "r leg ov] ! horse's head1 turn+ ! body on ! saddle to ! left & dropp+ ! re9s = a mom5t z ! "r leg goes ov]1 & ga!r+ !m aga9 9 ! "r h& z soon z x has cle>$ ! horse's neck2 !n spr+ (f ! horse to ! gr\nd1 /eady+ ! body ) ! "r h& on ! horse's %\ld] & ?r[+ ! body well cle> ( ! horse4 ,?is is a v good way1 unless y\r horse is n]v\s or apt to re>4 ,! o!r way is to ?r[ bo? feet cle> ( ! /irrups1 !n ga!r ! re9s 9 ! "r h& & place x on ! pommel4 ,place ! left h& on ! horse's neck & ?r[ ! body entirely cle> ( ! horse1 ! "r leg pass+ ov] ! horse's qu>t]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dism\nt+ ,"r leg ov] cantle1 left foot cle> ,?is me?od is saf] ?an ! la/ ,_m rid]s /ep (f ! horse2 t is1 !y keep ! left foot 9 ! /irrup1 dis5gage ! "r foot1 ?r[ ! "r leg ar\nd ! horse's qu>t]s1 !n /ep d[n 9 ! rev]se ( ! way 9 :i* !y m\nt4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is r dang]\s1 =1 if ! horse %\ld />t :5 y are 9 ! act ( dism\nt+1 y are 9 a position :]e !re is almo/ no control & y are likely to h an accid5t ?r\gh be+ dragg$ ) ! left foot 9 ! /irrup4 ,x goes )\t say+ t no reliance :atev] mu/ be plac$ on ! re9s = keep+ ! seat4 ,_m beg9n]s1 & ev5 "s exp]i5c$ rid]s :o %\ld "k bett]1 :5ev] !y feel !mselves los+ _! balance1 hang on by _! re9s4 ,?is inv>iably results 9 giv+ ! horse a h>d m\?1 & is v dang]\s ) a spirit$ horse or "o ^: m\? has n be5 spoil$ by ?is practice1 z x is almo/ sure to make him re>1 :i* causes ! inexp]i5c$ rid] to lose h] seat completely4 ,x is ! pr9cipal cause ( ! h>d m\? ( ! typical 8rid+-s*ool horse40 ,no rid] ) good h&s w ev] hang on by ! re9s1 & 9 ne>ly e case 9 my exp]i5ce x has be5 ! pull+ rid] & n ! pull+ horse4 ,! secret ( ! close seat 9 ! position a/ride is to turn ! legs inw>d f ! ?igh jo9ts s z to op5 ! legs to _! utmo/ capacity4 ,?is br+s ! rid]'s body 9 ! close/ possible contact ) ! horse's back & br+s ! feet p>allel1 or ne>ly s1 to ! horse's body1 & puts ! knees & ?ighs 9 ! be/ position = gripp+ :5 necess>y4 ,!re is a great deal ( knack ab\t ?is4 ,x is n difficult to put "o's legs 9 ?is position at a walk1 b x is difficult to keep !m s :ile ! horse is trott+ or cant]+1 )\t hav+ ! muscles rigid1 :]eas ! leg %\ld be kept 9 ?is position ) all ! ?igh muscles completely relax$1 especially ^? und]nea? ! seat4 ,:ile 9 gripp+ x is necess>y to contract ! muscles on ! upp] inn] sides ( ! ?ighs1 ^! are ! only ?igh muscles :i* %\ld be contract$4 ,! contract+ ( ! o!r ?igh muscles t5ds to ?r[ ! rid] out ( h] seat4 ,?is seat c c]ta9ly be acquir$ by practice &1 once acquir$1 x becomes second nature4 ,! majority ( rid]s & ne>ly all wom51 in/ead ( turn+ ! legs inw>d f ! ?igh jo9ts1 turn _! knees out & grip ) ! calves ( _! legs1 ) all _! ?igh muscles rigid4 ,obvi\sly1 z ! only jo9t 9 ! leg on :i* ! leg c rotate is ! ?igh jo9t1 turn+ ! knee out twi/s ! :ole leg ! wrong way4 ,?is results 9 ! l>ge muscles ( ! ?igh be+ contract$ & 9 ! rid] sitt+ on !m1 in/ead ( sitt+ d[n close to ! saddle4 ,! difficulty is t1 ) a beg9n]1 x seems natural to turn ! knees out & grip ! horse ) ! calves1 b x is impossible to acquire a firm seat 9 ?is way1 & ! position is n only awkw>d & insecure b v tir+4 ,i _c say too (t5 t ! seat mu/ be acquir$ by balance & all ! muscles ( ! legs & ( ! body & arms mu/ be relax$4 ,if ! leg muscles are rigid & ! legs are n turn$ inw>d f ! ?igh jo9ts1 ! rid] w be lift$ (f ! saddle by ! contraction ( ! muscles ( ! ?igh & w n be 9 balance4 ,dep5d5ce w !n be plac$ on gripp+1 & ?is gripp+ w be done ) ! calves in/ead ( ! knees4 ,a sure indication t ! legs are ?us held is :5 ! feet are turn$ outw>d1 = !y _c be unless ! :ole leg f ! ?igh jo9ts is s turn$4 ,! legs %\ld be kept well =w>d1 ) ! knees 9 front ( ! lea!rs1 & ! legs f ! knees d[n v]tical & hang+ naturally4 ,at ! cant] ! legs f ! knees d[n %\ld be c>ri$ =w>d r ?an back4 ,! body %\ld be well back 9 ! saddle ab\t two in*es 9 front ( ! cantle & re/+ com=tably4 ,mo/ beg9n]s1 al?\gh !y may take ?is seat :ile ! horse is /&+ or at a walk1 lose x ! mom5t he takes up a trot4 ,!y !n beg9 to lose _! seats by lean+ too f> =w>d1 contract+ ! leg muscles & br++ _! legs back4 ,?is is *iefly ! result ( fe>1 ( self-consci\sness1 & ( 8try+ too h>d40 ,x is "o ( ! results ( ! wor/ fault ( ne>ly e beg9n]1 t ( keep+ ! muscles rigid all ! "t & try+ to hold on by legs1 pommel1 re9s1 & mane in/ead ( m]ely sitt+ on 9 a com=table position & rely+ on balance4 ,) reg>d to play+ polo1 _m wom5 h ! idea t !y c only play polo 9 a man's saddle4 ,my op9ion1 bas$ on my own exp]i5ce & ! exp]i5ce ( _m ( my fri5ds1 is directly to ! contr>y4 ,_m wom5 play polo1 & play x v well1 9 a side-saddle1 & ,i d n "k any reason :y a woman _c play at lea/ z well rid+ 9 a side-saddle z rid+ a/ride4 ,%e c]ta9ly has a m secure seat 9 ! side-saddle1 & ! fir/ awkw>dness ( ! back-h& /roke 9 ?is position be+ ov]come1 all ! o!r /rokes are q z easy1 & x is s mu* easi] to ride ano!r play] (f :5 "o is 9 ! side-saddle t all ! wom5 on bo? teams %\ld ride ei!r 9 ! side-saddle or 9 ! man's saddle 9 ord] to make ! game fair4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,hunt+ ,s _m books h be5 writt5 on 8,hunt+0 & ! subject s exhau/ively treat$1 t ,i %all only attempt to discuss "u ?is head a few po9ts ( p>ticul> int]e/ to wom54 ,:5 a woman hunts %e ent]s a mascul9e field ( sport1 & 9 ! hunt+-field %e is meet+ m5 on _! own gr\nd & on ev5 t]ms4 ,9 ! hunt+-field1 !re=e1 a woman mu/ expect to take h] *ances ) ! m51 & %e is n entitl$ to t c\rtesy & def]5ce :i* %e may expect on o!r occasions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov] ,,po/ ,,& ,,rail ,= example1 if a woman loses h] hat or /irrup1 %e %\ld n expect any man to pick x up = h] or to pay h] ! slighte/ att5tion4 ,aga91 if a woman & a man are bo? go+ at ! same f5ce1 %e %\ld n expect him to pull up & all[ h] to g ov] fir/ or to treat h] o!rwise ?an z he w\ld ano!r man4 ,x is n field etiquette4 ,s1 if a woman has a tumble & is n disabl$1 %e ne$ n expect ! m5 to give up ! hunt to help h] into ! saddle4 ,!y are n suppos$ to d any?+ ( ! k9d4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t if1 = example1 a woman & a man are go+ at ! same panel & ! man has ! "r ( way1 ! woman %\ld yield to him & foll[ him ov]4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,high ,,jump] ,,& ,,hunt] 7,,taconite7 ,! foll[+ are po9ts ( hunt+ etiquette :i* mu/ always be borne 9 m9d2 inde$1 ,i may almo/ say t !y are rules :i* mu/ be /rictly obs]v$3 ,two rid]s %\ld nev] g at ! same panel at ! same "t4 ,:ile x is q "r = two or m rid]s to g at ! same f5ce at ! same "t1 x is n only aga9/ etiquette1 b q dang]\s1 = two to g at ! same panel4 ,s 9 go+ at a s+le panel--:]e1 = example1 !re are trees or wire on bo? sides1 or = any o!r reason !re is only "o panel 9 ! f5ce :i* c be jump$1 or :]e x is :at is t]m$ 9 hunt+ a 8trappy place10 s t ! field h to g ov] x "o aft] ! o!r--if y\r horse refuses y %\ld n put him at x aga91 b turn him away f ! panel & !n take y\r turn z soon z y h a *ance to sw+ 92 o!rwise y n only violate hunt+ etiquette1 b y are 9 great dang] ( caus+ an accid5t to ! rid] :o is imm$iately beh9d y4 ,moreov]1 ! :ole field %\ld n be held up :ile y\r horse is try+ x aga94 ,at a *eck all ! field %\ld1 if ne> ! h\nds1 /& /ill & keep quiet1 = noise & motion di/urb ! h\nds :5 !y are 9 ! act ( pick+ up ! sc5t4 ,! type ( hunt] suitable = a woman is describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,x--8,! ,saddle ,horse40 ,no woman %\ld g into ! hunt+-field at all unless %e is a ?or\ghly exp]i5c$ rid] & has complete confid5ce 9 h]self4 ,ev5 !n %e %\ld n attempt to ride a gre5 hunt] until %e has _h ye>s ( hunt+ exp]i5ce4 ,%e %\ld ride a qualifi$ hunt] &1 h[ev] exp]i5c$ %e may be1 %e %\ld be> 9 m9d t1 9 all probability1 ! horse kn[s h[ to take ! jumps bett] ?an %e does4 ,! maxim1 8,let y\r m\nt h 8 head :ile y keep y\r own10 w c>ry a woman safely & surely to ! f9i%4 ,illu/ration3 ,,giv+ ,,him ,,8 ,,head ,,ov] ,a ,,jump 7,,hea!rbloom7 ,z a g5]al rule1 unless a woman kn[s h] m\nt ?or\ghly & has ridd5 him _m times1 %e %\ld n attempt to help him ov] 8 jumps4 ,e horse has an individual /yle ( jump+1 & x is ne>ly always be/ to develop 8 own natural /yle & n to attempt to make him jump 9 a way t is unnatural to him4 ,!re are ?ree q diff]5t ways 9 :i* horses jump3 "o by ru%+1 "o by tak+ ! jump 9 ! /ride1 & ! o!r by popp+ ov]4 ,"o _c say t any "o ( ^! /yles is be/1 = x all dep5ds on ! individual horse4 ,"s horses d be/ 9 "o way1 o!rs 9 ano!r2 & a horse :o naturally ru%es 8 jumps c h>dly ev] be tra9$ to pop ov] !m quietly1 & ! horse :o has jump$ 9 8 own natural /yle = ye>s c jump f> m safely 9 t /yle1 ev5 if x be ru%+1 ?an if 8 rid] attempts to make him jump 9 any o!r /yle4 ,= a woman ! be/ /yle ( jump+ is t ( ! hunt] :o sw+s along & takes 8 jumps 9 a /eady /ride1 & :o is nei!r too fa/ nor too sl[2 :o is up ) ! h\nds1 yet n on !m4 ,:at ,i am ab\t to say ) reg>d to ! seat & h&s 9 jump+ applies to hunt+ 9 ?is c\ntry1 n 9 ,engl&1 = !re ! horses are v diff]5tly tra9$2 b 9 any case a woman %\ld always f9d out h[ a horse has be5 tra9$ be=e attempt+ to jump him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,positions ,,( ,,h&s ,,9 ,,hunt+ ,ga!r+ re9s be=e tak+ (f ,giv+ him 8 head ov] a jump ,:5 9 ! field ! be/ position 9 :i* to hold ! re9s is to take !m 9 bo? h&s1 ! ne> snaffle & ! ne> curb 9 ! left h& 9 _! usual position1 & ! (f curb & (f snaffle 9 ! "r h& 9 _! usual position1 ! snaffle & curb 9 ea* h& be+ sep>at$ by ! little f+]4 ,! ends ( ! re9s come ?r\gh ! "r h& betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] & ! ends are ga!r$ 9 a loop :i* passes betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s ( ea* h&4 ,:ile x is n necess>y to hold ! re9s 9 ?is position all ! "t 9 ! field1 x is ! be/ position to hold !m 9 :5 jump+4 ,:5 ! re9s are held 9 ?is position ! elb[s %\ld be 9 _! usual place1 unless y are rid+ a horse :o ne$s to be giv5 8 head a little m1 9 :i* case !y mu/ be a little to ! front4 ,be=e com+ to a jump ! arms %\ld n be /iff & ! h&s %\ld n be held z f> ap>t z ! loop 9 ! re9s w all[4 ,illu/ration3 ,,side-,,saddle1 ,,position ,,ris+1 ,,h&s ,,& ,,body ,,=w>d ,! position ( ! body & legs is ! same z ,i h describ$ 9 *apt] ,i1 b1 if any?+1 ! /irrups %\ld be "o or two holes %ort] ?an = ord9>y rid+1 s z to h ! left knee well b5t & ! leap+ horn t\*+ ! left leg ab\t five in*es above ! knee4 ,illu/ration3 ,,a/ride1 ,,position ,,( ,,legs1 ,,h&s1 ,,& ,,body ,,at ,,top ,,( ,,jump ,:5 approa*+ a jump ! horse %\ld be kept well 9 h& & %\ld be ga!r$ ab\t two /rides be=e ! take-(f4 ,! mom5t he takes (f he %\ld be giv5 8 head by dropp+ ! h&s & c>ry+ !m well =w>d ) ! elb[s ne>ly /raight4 ,?is w c>ry ! body well =w>d1 & bo? body & h&s %\ld be kept 9 ?is position until ! horse has cle>$ ! jump1 :5 ! body %\ld be ?r[n back1 s t1 :5 ! horse l&s1 ! rid]'s body w be well back 9 ! position t x 0 be=e he took (f4 ,9 jump+1 ! re9s %\ld nev] be long & mu/ always be held at su* l5g? t if ! horse t\*es or /umbles he c be pull$ up1 & ?is c only be done by c>ry+ ! h&s well =w>d 9 ! way ,i h describ$4 ,!y mu/ be c>ri$ =w>d 9 ord] to give him 8 head1 =1 :5 a horse comes to a jump1 he ?r[s 8 head v f> =w>d s z to get 8 balance & ex]t 8 greate/ /r5g?4 ,:at ,i h said above applies equally to a horse t ru%es 8 jumps1 to "o t takes !m 9 8 /ride1 & to "o t pops ov]4 ,x is p>ticul>ly important to keep a ru%] well 9 h& & n all[ him to get su* spe$ be=e ! take-(f t he _c rise1 =1 9 t case1 he is almo/ sure to cra% into ! f5ce & h a v bad fall4 ,:ile mo/ horses ne$ a good deal ( spe$ to c>ry !m ov] ! jumps1 !y %\ld n be at _! top spe$1 = if !y are !y w n rise4 ,:at ,i h said above applies to an ,am]ican-tra9$ hunt]4 ,if y are rid+ an ,engli%-tra9$ hunt]1 ! mann] ( approa*+ a jump is entirely diff]5t4 ,) !m1 if y give !m _! head too mu* !y /op1 s t 9 ord] to make !m jump y h to lean back & pull on ! re9s4 ,if y attempt to jump an ,engli%-tra9$ horse 9 ! ,am]ican way or an ,am]ican-tra9$ horse 9 ! ,engli% way1 y are v apt to come to grief4 ,illu/ration3 ,,side-,,saddle1 ,,front ,,view1 ,,ris+ ,:at has be5 said above ) reg>d to ! mann] ( jump+ a f5ce applies equally to jump+ a dit* or any?+ else4 ,! high] or ! broad] a jump1 ! m important x is to take x correctly4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! v>i\s jumps is well express$ 9 ! old maxim1 8,fa/ at wat] & dit*es & sl[ at timb]02 b !re is s mu* timb] & s few dit*es & wat] jumps 9 ?is c\ntry1 & ! pace is s fa/1 t ?is advice is h>d to foll[4 ,:5 ,i say fa/ ,i ref] to drag hunt+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,com+ ,,d[n ,9 hunt+1 a woman %\ld be at ei!r ! front or back4 ,x is bett] = h] n to be 9 ) ! field1 & %e %\ld regulate h] pace accord+ to ! horse %e is on4 ,if 9 a /range c\ntry1 ! be/ ?+ = h] to d is to foll[ "s good rid] :o kn[s ! c\ntry well r ?an attempt to pick h] way z %e w\ld 9 a c\ntry :i* %e knew4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,good ,,type ,,( ,,hunt]1 ,,br$ ,,9 ,,virg9ia 7,,philosoph]7 ,9 hunt+ x is mo/ important to save y\r horse1 to keep him fre% = ! jumps1 & n tire him out at ! />t4 ,don't ride to ! 8gall]y10 & if y h ! *oice betwe5 a s5sational jump & a gap1 take ! gap & save y\r hunt]4 ,rememb] t y are n giv+ an exhibition ( high jump+1 nor are y 9 a horse-race4 ,be> 9 m9d t ! ma/] or huntsman sets ! pace & t1 ord9>ily1 p>ticul>ly at ! />t1 he %\ld be 9 ! lead4 ,"o %\ld n pass ! huntsman &1 above all ?+s1 "o %\ld nev] ride up on ! h\nds4 ,if y come to a pl\gh$ field1 g ar\nd x if y c1 &1 if y h to cross x1 sp>e y\r horse z mu* z possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,good ,,type ,,( ,,hunt]1 ,,br$ ,,9 ,,! ,,nor? 7,,ripple7 ,someh[ hunt]s g bett] = a woman ?an = a man4 ,p]haps x is because a woman's h&s are light]1 ei!r f ignorance or k1 or p]haps x is because a woman is n s insi/5t & is less dom9e]+4 ,x is always bett] to let ! hunt] jump ?an to jump ! hunt]4 ,ord9>ily a good hunt] may be hunt$ at lea/ twice 9 a week1 b s mu* dep5ds on ! c\ntry1 on ! rid] h]self--to say no?+ ( ! horse--t "o _c lay d[n any rule 9 reg>d to ?is4 ,betwe5 ! hunts1 unless aft] an unusually /iff run1 a hunt] may be l>k$ a bit1 or driv5 to a light trap1 or walk$ = an h\r or two4 ,?is w ord9>ily keep him 9 bett] condition ?an lett+ him /& 9 ! /able4 ,9 fact1 9 my own exp]i5ce1 ,i h kn[n hunt]s t 7 hunt$ "o day & driv5 to m>ket ! next1 & ! m>ket ,i h 9 m9d 0 n at all ne> home4 ,_m heavy-weight hunt]s are driv5 f "t to "t 9 ! :eel1 & light-weight hunt]s 9 ! lead1 bo? ( a f\r & t&em4 ,inde$1 ! lead] ( a t&em 0 orig9ally a hunt]4 ,s t a hunt] may be a useful horse 9 ! /able4 ,if "o has a ?or\ghly reliable & season$ hunt] well up to "o's weight1 he ought to be able1 b>r+ accid5ts1 to c>ry "o ?r\gh ! season1 unless "o is attempt+ to hunt m ?an twice a week1 & !re are few wom5 9 ?is c\ntry :o are /rong en\gh to d t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,hunt+ ,,co/ume ,note ! way ! ?ong is c>ri$ ,9 *apt] ,,viii ,i h indicat$ ! co/ume = ! hunt+-field1 b = conv5i5ce ,i w re/ate x "h4 ,! correct appo9tm5ts = ! side-saddle are3 ,bree*es ( ei!r dog-sk9 or bucksk9 or :ite clo? or ( ! same mat]ial z ! habit4 ,! habit %\ld be v d>k gray1 almo/ black1 hunt+ clo?4 ,! coll> %\ld be ( ! colors ( "o's hunt4 ,! buttons %\ld be black1 ) ! "n1 design1 or monogram ( ! hunt 9 :ite or gold4 ,! correct coat is made )\t a seam 9 ! middle ( ! back & ) two v5ts at ! side in/ead ( "o 9 ! middle1 & is some:at %ort] ?an ! habit coat t _m wom5 we>4 ,x may be made ) five or ?ree buttons1 accord+ to ! we>]'s fancy1 b pref]ably ) five4 ,an apron or half-apron skirt %\ld be worn1 = safety's sake4 ,! boots mu/ be ( black calf4 ,pat5t-lea!r or russet boots are n correct 9 ! field4 ,a silk hat is correct1 b a d]by or a hunt+ hat1 su* z ,i h describ$ 9 *apt] ,,viii1 may be worn1 & a hat gu>d1 su* z ,i h !re describ$1 is necess>y4 ,ei!r tan dog-sk9 or :ite bucksk9 gloves are correct4 ,an ,ascot /ock %\ld be worn ) a pla9 b> gold p94 ,atta*$ to ! two ,d's on ! (f-side ( ! saddle %\ld be a s&wi* case ) a flask 9 x1 a s&wi* 9 ! case1 & a dr9k 9 ! flask4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s&wi* ,,cases ,,& ,,flasks ,a pair ( :ite wooll5 gloves mu/ be c>ri$ on ! (f-side "u ! flap4 ,9 ,engl& a crop is always c>ri$ 9 ! field4 ,9 ?is c\ntry x is correct1 b a cutt+ :ip may be c>ri$ in/ead4 ,if a crop is c>ri$ x may h a ?ong1 al?\gh1 p]sonally1 ,i ?9k x a great nuisance4 ,! saddle & bridle are ! same z ,i h describ$ 9 *apt] ,,ix1 except t1 9 ! field side-saddle1 a woman %\ld always use a brea/plate1 & if %e has a horse t _c c>ry a brea/plate %e _h bett] n hunt him4 ,z ,i /ate 9 *apt] ,,ix1 a /&+ m>t+ale %\ld nev] be us$ 9 ! field1 b a runn+ m>t+ale may be us$ if ! horse requires x1 z is (t5 ! case4 ,= _m horses ! be/ bit to use 9 ! field is a pla9 snaffle1 ) v l>ge r+s1 s t ! bit _c be pull$ ?r\gh ! horse's m\?4 ,! bridle %\ld h a cavesson1 in/ead ( ! usual noseb&4 ,o!r horses g bett] ) :at is kn[n z a f\r-r+ snaffle2 t is1 a snaffle :i*1 in/ead ( hav+ ! *eek pieces atta*$ to ! snaffle r+s1 has !m atta*$ to sep>ate r+s1 ! r+s to :i* ! *eek pieces are atta*$ & ! snaffle r+s be+ ( ! same size & bo? mu* l>g] ?an ! r+s ( an ord9>y snaffle-bit4 ,! re9s only are atta*$ to ! snaffle r+s 9 ?is =m ( bit4 ,?is bit is m sev]e ?an a pla9 snaffle1 b mu* less sev]e ?an a curb4 ,g5]ally speak+1 only rid]s ) v light h&s %\ld use ! curb bit 9 ! hunt+-field1 unless ) horses hav+ unusually h>d m\?s1 or 8pull]s40 ,9 go+ ov] ! jumps x is v difficult to keep an ev5 pressure on ! curb1 & !re is great dang] ( br++ up ! horse too %ort on l&+4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,%[ ,,r+ ,9 %[+ horses "u saddle1 ! m5tal & physical attributes ( ! rid] h a great] scope ?an :5 rid+ "u any o!r circum/ances4 ,v frequ5tly x is ! rid] :o w9s blue ribbons q z mu* z ! horse1 & at e horse %[ "o sees horses lose ! ribbons :i* !y %\ld w9 because ( ! crude way 9 :i* !y are %[n4 ,a woman1 9 ju/ice to h]self z well z to h] m\nt1 %\ld n ent] ! %[ r+ until %e has become a ?or\ghly exp]i5c$ & accompli%$ rid]1 & h[ev] well a woman may ride 9 ! p>k or 9 ! field1 x by no means foll[s t %e w be able to br+ out ! be/ po9ts ( a horse 9 ! r+4 ,j z !re are horses :i* w9 c\ntless blue ribbons 9 %[s1 b d n comp>e ) o!r horses 9 ! field or = g5]al use1 s1 on ! o!r h&1 !re are wom5 ^: only delight is ! %[ r+4 ,!y hunt n1 nei!r d !y hack4 ,! exp]i5ce :i* has be5 ga9$ 9 ord9>y rid+ w n be ( v great assi/ance 9 %[+ 8horse %[ horses02 t is1 horses :i* are kept only = %[ purposes4 ,^! animals require mo/ c>eful h&l+ & a ?or\gh compreh5sion ( _! individual *>act]i/ics4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,p>k ,,hack ,,type 7,,cor9ne7 ,! mo/ important ?+ = a woman to be> 9 m9d :5 %[+ horses is to be a *e]ful los]4 ,a feel+ ( good-fell[%ip %\ld p]vade & ! _s ( rivalry %\ld n be c>ri$ to extremes4 ,d n ?9k t y h be5 unfairly treat$ :5 y h n won1 or t ! los+ ( ! blue necess>ily means t y\r horse is n good4 ,p]haps on ?is occasion he 0 n 9 8 be/ =m & p]haps at "s o!r "t1 be=e "s o!r judge1 y w h bett] success4 ,"o %\ld always rememb] ?is3 t ! names ( ! judges are publi%$ 9 advance1 & if "o does n c>e to submit "o's horse to _! judgm5t1 "o ne$ n compete4 ,if1 by any un=tunate *ance1 ! judges %\ld be *ang$ aft] "o's horses are ent]$1 !re are two c\rses op5--ei!r to /ay 9 & abide by _! decision or )draw "o's horses & /ate ! reason4 ,c]ta9ly1 aft] hav+ volunt>ily submitt$ ! horses to _! judgm5t1 x is mo/ unsportsmanlike & contr>y to ! _s ( fair play to criticise ! judges = _! decision1 & x has be5 my exp]i5ce1 aft] _m ye>s ( %[+ horses1 t ! judges are fair & imp>tial & d _! be/ to r5d] _! decisions ^u ! m]its ( ! horses4 ,"o %\ld also rememb] t ! judges are usually m5 ( v wide exp]i5ce & ?or\gh k ( ! po9ts ( a horse1 & t !y see _m faults & blemi%es :i* w\ld escape ! eye ( ! spectator4 ,a horse pres5ts an altoge!r diff]5t appe>ance :5 se5 f )9 ! r+ to t :i* he pres5ts f )\t4 ,a horse t /eps v high & has a fla%y1 all-r\nd way ( go+ & looks f )\t l a w9n]1 may be se5 f )9 ! r+ to h s]i\s faults1 su* z di%+1 paddl+1 cross+ =w>d1 or spread+ too wide beh9d4 ,outsid]s1 ( c\rse1 d n h ! opportunity :i* ! judges h to exam9e ! horses critically1 & all !y c base _! judgm5t on is ! g5]al effect :i* a horse produces at a di/ance4 ,a horse :i* may appe> to an outsid] /rong & bold may1 on clos] inspection1 be se5 to be co>se-neck$ & heavy 9 ! %\ld] or too big-bon$ = 8 class1 & a horse ) tru] action & bett] quality1 con=m+ to ! /&>d ( 8 class1 may easily be ov]look$ by ! outsid]4 ,to prep>e a horse = ! %[ r+ requires weeks & ev5 mon?s ( "w4 ,he mu/ be 9 p]fect condition2 8 coat mu/ be f9e1 8 eye bright1 & he mu/ be nei!r too fat nor too lean1 & 8 prep>ation mu/ be s tim$ t1 on ! day ( ! %[1 he w be at ! top ( 8 condition4 ,all ?is involves good fe$1 pl5ty ( wat]1 & quiet1 sy/ematic ex]cise4 ,x is mo/ desirable t ! p]son :o is to %[ ! horse %\ld h ridd5 him sev]al times be=e ! %[--! (t5] ! bett]--s t ! horse & rid] may "k ea* o!r ?or\ghly1 & ! rid] may und]/& all !re is to be kn[n ab\t t individual horse's tra9+1 & h[ be/ to br+ out 8 good po9ts4 ,i consid] x a bad plan = a horse to come into ! r+ too fre%4 ,"s p seem to ?9k t horses mu/ be sav$ up = ! %[4 ,i ?9k1 on ! contr>y1 t horses %\ld be work$ quietly & regul>ly = weeks be=e & dur+ ! %[ z well4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! music1 ! noise ( ! cr[d1 ! /rang5ess ( ! sc5e1 & ( su* a ga!r+ ( p1 all t5d to excite a horse & make him m difficult to control1 s t ?is excitem5t w give a horse all ! appe>ance ( _s t is ne$$4 ,besides ?is1 a v fre% horse r>ely %[s good mann]s1 & 9 all ladies' classes mann]s c\nt fifty p] c5t4 ,by mann]s ,i mean t on ent]+ ! %[ r+ a horse mu/ n look z ?\gh he 7 ab\t to make ev5 a small1 unh>mful buck2 he mu/ n be incl9$ to kick at ! horse back ( him nor to bite ! horse 9 front ( him2 he mu/ n /op at ! gate z he passes x1 nor mu/ he try to edge 9 t[>d ! c5tre ( ! r+ :ile go+ ar\nd or :5 *ang+2 he mu/ n hold 8 head ei!r too high or too l[2 he mu/ n seem to be tak+ too mu* hold on ! bit1 nor mu/ x require ?ree or f\r times ar\nd ! r+ to settle him d[n4 ,9 o!r words1 he %\ld n look z if he 7 be+ ex]cis$ r ?an %[n4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,p>k ,,hack 7,,m>ksman7 ,,z ,,he ,,0 ,,:5 ,,fir/ ,,%[n ,9 ,engl& !y h a v good me?od ( %[+ horses 9 ! r+2 t is1 !y />t !m at ! cant]1 !n br+ !m d[n to ! trot1 & la/ly d[n to ! walk4 ,9 ?is way a horse is well settl$ d[n1 has lo/ mo/ ( 8 fre%ness & excitem5t1 & w usually walk quietly1 z he %\ld4 ,"h we />t at ! walk1 !n take ! trot1 & !n ! cant]4 ,consequ5tly _m horses "u ! influ5ce ( ! excitem5t ( ! music & noise w n walk or /op1 b jigjog & side /ep1 :i* condemns a lady's horse at once4 ,7 ^! same horses ridd5 9 ! ,engli% way1 !y w\ld be quiet by ! "t !y came to ! walk & w\ld w9 ! blue ribbon :i* !y des]ve4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>ksman ,a ,,ye> ,,lat]1 ,,aft] ,,he ,,_h ,,be5 8,,f9$ ,,d[n10 ,,:5 ,,he ,,won ,,! ,,*ampion%ip ,x is p>ticul>ly desirable t ?is ,engli% me?od ( %[+ horses %\ld be adopt$1 n[ t ! ,engli% type ( rid+ horse--t is1 a ?or\gh or ?ree-qu>t] br$--is becom+ s popul> 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,?is is j ! k9d ( horse :i* w n />t quietly at a walk 9 ! %[ r+4 ,probably our way ( %[+ came into vogue at a "t :5 ! ladies' saddle horse 0 a mu* quiet] animal1 ) less ( ! hot ?or\ghbr$ blood 9 him ?an he has n[4 ,a horse %\ld ent] ! r+ at a quiet1 easy walk1 n incl9$1 z ,i h said1 to jigjog4 ,he mu/ keep 9 l9e--t is1 foll[ ! horse 9 front ( him--unless 8 natural gait is fa/]1 9 :i* case y h ! "r to pass & c sw+ into l9e :5 y see a space4 ,he mu/ take bo? ! trot & ! cant] f ! walk at comm&4 ,! latt] is p>ticul>ly important 9 ! r+1 z x is n p]mitt$ to take ! cant] f ! trot4 ,he mu/ cant] easily1 "r or left1 accord+ to ! way he is go+ ar\nd ! r+4 ,t is to say1 :5 go+ ar\nd to ! "r he mu/ cant] on ! "r foot1 & :5 go+ ar\nd to ! left on ! left foot4 ,p>5!tically ,i may rem>k t ! reason = ?is is t1 at ! cant]1 a horse's body is held diagonally to ! l9e ( ! direction 9 :i* he is go+ & po9t$ 9 ! opposite direction to ! foot on :i* he is cant]+2 t is to say1 :5 he is cant]+ "r 8 body is po9t$ diagonally to ! left & vice v]sa4 ,f ?is x foll[s t ! foot on :i* he is cant]+ mu/ be on ! inside ( ! circle or turn :i* he is mak+4 ,o!rwise he is almo/ sure to cross 8 legs & v apt to fall4 ,x is v important1 !re=e1 t a horse %\ld be able to *ange 8 foot at comm&4 ,x is always a /rong po9t 9 a horse's favor if he *anges readily f ! "r to ! left 9 cant]+1 & :ile a horse "u ! side-saddle %\ld cant] normally "r1 he mu/ cant] left :5 circl+ or turn+ to ! left4 ,= ! r+ a horse mu/ /& quietly1 back & />t readily1 &1 :5 ! horses are l9$ up1 he mu/ be will+ to leave ! l9e & to %[ p]fect mann]s up & d[n ! r+4 ,=tunately = ! exhibitors1 ! old-fa%ion$ way ( putt+ horses ?r\gh figure eights & small circles has be5 done away )4 ,n[1 all t is requir$ 9 ! r+ is1 fir/1 walk y\r horse2 !n1 at ! comm& ( ! r+ ma/]1 *ange 8 gait to a trot1 & !n1 at comm&1 walk aga9 & !n pass f ! walk to ! cant] & cont9ue cant]+ until ! r+ ma/] tells y to /op1 &1 ( c\rse1 make su* *anges ( direction z he indicates4 ,!n ! horses :i* are select$ to /ay 9 ! r+ are l9$ up & ! o!rs are giv5 ! gate4 ,next1 if ! judges s desire1 ea* ( ! horses l9$ up is put ?r\gh 8 paces4 ,!n ! judges1 aft] a detail$ exam9ation ( ea* ( ! select$ horses1 aw>d ! ribbons--blue = fir/1 r$ second1 yell[ ?ird1 & :ite f\r?4 ,!re are _m important ?+s to rememb] :ile rid+ 9 ! %[ r+4 ,! mo/ important is to keep y\rself & y\r horse "u quiet control4 ,!n1 no matt] :at ! decision may be1 at lea/ y h ! satisfaction ( hav+ %[n y\r horse at 8 be/4 ,x is important to h a place 9 l9e & try to keep x :atev] x happ5s to be4 ,x is n at all necess>y to pass ! rid] ahead4 ,pass+ ! rid] ahead :ile 9 front ( ! judge1 at lea/1 looks prem$itat$4 ,x makes x mu* h>d] = him to get a prop] view ( ! horse y are pass+ & does n help him to view y\r horse1 nor is x c\rte\s to ! o!r rid]s4 ,if y\r horse naturally walks1 trots1 or cant]s a bit fa/] ?an ! horse 9 front ( y1 s t1 to %[ y\r horse to 8 be/1 x is necess>y to pass1 x is q z easy to f9d an opportunity to pass some:]e else ?an j 9 front ( ! judge4 ,s1 :5 ! r+ ma/] asks all ! rid]s to l9e up1 x is n necess>y t !y %\ld all attempt to d s next to ! judges' /&4 ,! judges d n rema9 !re1 & ! fact t y\r horse is ne>] ! /& does n br+ him ne>] ! blue ribbon4 ,9 back+ a horse1 rememb] t 8 head mu/ n be too l[ on 8 *e/4 ,8 neck %\ld be well ar*$ up & 8 head drawn 9 on ! neck & high on ! *e/4 ,if y f9d t y\r horse does n back readily1 x is probably because 8 =efeet are too f> =w>d4 ,9 ?is attitude he is 9 ! be/ position to resi/ y :atev] y may d1 & y may f9d x impossible to back him 9 ! usual way4 ,9 su* a case1 fir/ give him 8 head & a t\* ) ! heel1 />t+ him =w>d a /ep or two2 !n ga!r him &1 by pull+ g5tly1 y w f9d t he backs readily4 ,9 ! r+ always rememb] to d implicitly :at ! judge asks4 ,ev5 if ! judge %\ld dem& a circle1 circle y mu/1 & if a figure eight1 t too mu/ be done4 ,aft] y h l9$ up & :5 y\r horse is be+ put ?r\gh 8 paces1 rememb]1 9 turn+1 always to turn y\r horse's head t[>d ! f5ce & n t[>d ! c5tre4 ,if y turn t[>d ! c5tre1 ! horse is v apt to try to jo9 ! o!r horses z !y /& l9$ up1 h[ev] good may be 8 mann]s4 ,( c\rse1 be=e y ride a horse 9 ! r+1 y mu/ be sure on :at signal he is tra9$ to take ! cant]4 ,i h expla9$ on page #hd t "s horses are tra9$ to take ! cant] :5 ! rid] turns _! head to ! side on :i* !y are to cant] & t\*es lightly ! curb re9 on t side4 ,o!r horses are tra9$ to take ! cant] on m]ely t\*+ ! curb re9 on ! side on :i* !y are to cant]4 ,?us !y are tra9$ to cant] "r by t\*+ ! "r curb4 ,o!r horses1 aga91 are tra9$ to take ! cant] on a signal giv5 by rais+ ! curb re9 on ! side on :i* !y are to cant] & at ! same "t c>ry+ ! h& to ! o!r side4 ,?us1 to make su* a horse cant] to ! "r1 c>ry ! left h& to ! left & at ! same "t raise ! (f curb re9 ) ! "r h&4 ,x is1 !re=e1 mo/ important to "k ! signal to :i* y\r horse is accu/om$2 o!rwise he may ei!r n take ! cant] or cant] on ! wrong foot4 ,a mo/ important po9t :i* %\ld nev] be ov]look$ is to be sure t y\r own saddle1 :i* y %\ld use1 if possible1 9 ! %[ r+1 fits ! horse y are to ride4 ,o!rwise ! horse may appe> to h lo/ 8 mann]s :5 ! real tr\ble is t ! saddle is hurt+ him & mak+ him fretful & n]v\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,l9$ ,,up ,ladies' class 9 a c\ntry %[ ,9 walk+1 :ile a horse %\ld appe> to h 8 head1 "o mu/ be c>eful n to let 8 head nod1 = ?is (t5 gives an appe>ance ( lam5ess4 ,i believe x is sometimes call$ bridle lam5ess4 ,i once _h su* an exp]i5ce myself4 ,! horse 0 p]fectly s\nd b ?\ght to be lame because ,i _h giv5 him 8 head too mu*2 t is1 ridd5 him ) too loose a re94 ,a horse1 :ile walk+1 %\ld h 8 head well plac$1 n too l[ or too high1 & a horse ^: head is up & neck well ar*$ is mu* m becom+ to a woman ?an a horse t c>ries 8 head d[n4 ,9 g5]al1 9 ! r+1 a horse _h bett] be ridd5 on :atev] re9 he has be5 tra9$ to g by1 :e!r x be curb or snaffle1 & s mu* dep5ds on ! individual peculi>ities ( ! horse & rid] t no def9ite rule c be laid d[n4 ,! important ?+ is to h light h&s & n to d any?+ to excite or annoy ! horse4 ,j a few m words ( advice glean$ f ! exp]i5ce ( _m ye>s4 ,nev]1 if y c prev5t x1 display ! slighte/ p>ticle ( n]v\sness :5 m\nt+ or on ent]+ ! r+4 ,horses--especially ! high-spirit$ ones--are v s5sitive to t\* & to ! m5tal attitude ( ! rid]1 & !y "k at once f ! rid]'s h&s :e!r h] head is /eady & cool or n]v\s & excit$4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,h9ts ,,on ,,rid+ ,if y h occasion to ride = any consid]able di/ance1 & p>ticul>ly if ! wea!r is hot1 be> 9 m9d t ! weight ( ! rid] & saddle on 8 back = a long p]iod ( "t tires ! horse q z mu* z =c+ him beyond 8 gait4 ,x is bett]1 !re=e1 to keep a horse at a %>p walk or1 if y are trott+1 at a %>p trot1 s z to cov] ! gr\nd & !n to re/ him at int]vals = t5 or fifte5 m9utes1 ?an x is to keep go+ = ! :ole "t at a sl[ walk or trot4 ,:5 y re/ y\r horse be sure to loos5 ! gir?s1 &1 if y h f> to g1 x is bett] to take ! saddle (f entirely & let ! horse roll if he wants to1 z few ?+s refre% him z mu*4 ,x is equally important n to =ce a horse "u saddle beyond 8 gait2 f9d out 8 natural fa/ gait & keep him at x & nei!r =ce him beyond x nor let him lag4 ,if y h a n]v\s or high-spirit$ horse :o wants to g1 x is f> bett] to let him g 9 mod]ation ?an to be con/antly hold+ him back1 z t worries & fatigues him &1 9 ! meantime1 y are n cov]+ ! di/ance4 ,s1 if y are rid+ 9 company & y\r horse is ! m spirit$ ( ! two1 y w f9d x easi] = y\r horse to let him keep ab\t "o-half a head 9 advance ( ! o!r1 =1 if y keep him level or hold him back1 he w be frett+ all ! "t & tire bo? himself & 8 rid]4 ,9 rid+1 ev5 = a %ort di/ance1 x is mo/ advisable to />t & f9i% y\r ride at a walk1 foll[+ ! old maxim1 8,walk ! fir/ mile out & ! la/ mile 940 ,at ! beg9n+ ( a ride a horse ne$s to get go+ a bit 9 ord] to be limb]$ up & cat* 8 w9d4 ,s1 if y />t (f1 z _m d1 at a fa/ trot or a cant]1 ! horse w soon be w9d$ & ! re/ ( y\r ride w be spoil$4 ,if y />t him sl[ly1 he w w>m up to 8 "w & y w h ! be/ "p ( ! ride :]e x %\ld be--t[>d ! end & n at ! beg9n+4 ,:5 y br+ y\r horse home he %\ld be well cool$ (f be=e he arrives1 t he may n take a *ill4 ,by br++ y\r horse home 9 ?is condition1 y save y\r groom a va/ am\nt ( "w1 & "w :i* only ! mo/ consci5ti\s grooms c be dep5d$ ^u to d2 t is1 to cool ! horse (f prop]ly be=e he is /abl$ or f$4 ,) reg>d to ! gait at :i* y %\ld ride1 x is1 ( c\rse1 impossible to lay d[n any rule1 s mu* dep5ds ^u ! rid]1 ! horse1 ! l5g? ( ! ride1 ! season ( ye>1 etc41 b "o po9t %\ld be con/antly kept 9 m9d1 & t is1 unless y are rid+ a tra9$ hunt]1 to g d[n all hills t am\nt to any?+ at a walk4 ,if y h to g d[n fa/] ?an a walk1 a horse is mu* less likely to /umble go+ d[nhill at ! cant] ?an at ! trot4 ,x is also easi] bo? = ! rid] & horse to g uphill at ! cant] ?an at ! trot2 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 if ! hill is a long "o1 x is bett] to walk x4 ,9 go+ uphill1 always give a horse 8 head1 &1 9 go+ d[nhill1 keep him well 9 h& & ride him on ! snaffle s t y may be able to pick him up ! mom5t he /umbles4 ,9 rid+ at night1 :5 x is too d>k = y to see ! road1 let y\r horse pick 8 own way1 z a horse sees v mu* bett] 9 ! d>k ?an a p]son4 ,if y are rid+ ?r\gh a /range c\ntry & lose y\r way1 give him 8 head & he w f9d ! way home4 ,horses h an exceptionally well develop$ s5se ( locality & c ne>ly always be tru/$ to f9d _! way home by in/9ct4 ,9 ^! days ( automobiles1 x is important to foll[ ! rule ( ! road & always keep to ! "r4 ,if y h occasion to dism\nt & lead y\r horse1 by f> ! be/ way to hold him is1 /&+ on ! ne> side1 to take ! two curb re9s 9 ! "r h&1 sep>at$ by ! =ef+] & pass+ ?r\gh ! body ( ! h& :]e !y are firmly held1 keep+ ! h& ab\t two or ?ree in*es f ! bit4 ,9 ?is position y h ! horse "u p]fect control1 &1 :5 y are lead+ him ) y\r h& 9 ?is position1 d n look at him or pay any att5tion to him & y w f9d t he w foll[4 ,:]eas1 if1 z _m d1 y take only "o re9 9 h& along ! horse's neck & !n speak to him1 he w ei!r pull back or he may get away f y & y _c /op him4 ,approa* y\r horse's head f ! side & n ! front1 & be sure n to raise y\r h& or :ip or d any?+ :i* might fright5 him or give him ! idea t y 7 ab\t to hit him on ! head4 ,horses1 especially ,we/]n-br$ horses1 are v s5sitive ab\t _! heads &1 if an attempt is made to grab ! re9s sudd5ly or viol5tly1 !y are almo/ sure to back away & v apt to re>4 ,if y\r horse limps & y are alone1 or ! p]son :om y are ) does n "k :at to d1 y %\ld imm$iately dism\nt & look at ! foot on :i* he is limp+1 to see if he has pick$ up a /one or run a nail into 8 foot4 ,9 pick+ up a horse's foot x is mo/ important to put y\rself 9 a position :]e he _c kick y4 ,to d ?is1 approa* ! foot :i* is to be tak5 up f ! front1 face to ! re>1 & grasp ! horse's fetlock ) ! h& ne>e/ to him4 ,if he refuses to lift 8 foot1 pu% 8 foot =w>d &1 if necess>y1 put y\r weight aga9/ 8 %\ld] or /ifle1 s z to ?r[ 8 weight on ! o!r leg4 ,if y h n a ho(-pick ab\t y1 ! be/ way to dislodge a /one is to hamm] x ) ano!r /one &1 if y are quiet & g5tle ) y\r horse1 y probably w be able to dislodge x )\t mu* tr\ble4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y _c dislodge x1 d n attempt to ride y\r horse :ile he has ! /one 9 8 foot1 b lead him until y get assi/ance4 ,if y\r horse has run a nail 9 8 foot1 y mu/ imm$iately h x drawn out by "s "o :o kn[s 8 bus9ess1 z x is n only v pa9ful1 b !re is great dang] ( lockjaw4 ,9 reg>d to p>k hacks & long-tail$ saddle horses1 ! only way to solve ! problem 9 ?is c\ntry ( ! two types1 9 horse %[s1 is to divide ! classes hav+ long tails & %ort tails4 ,at pres5t 9 horse %[s 9 ! saddle classes long-tail$ & dock$ horses are frequ5tly ent]$ 9 ! same class1 :i* makes x d\bly difficult = ! judge1 at times caus+ 8 decision to dep5d l>gely ^u 8 p]sonal pref]5ce = long-tail$ or dock$ horses4 ,i w\ld sugge/1 !re=e1 t 9 all %[s :]e ! long-tail$ & dock$ horses are n divid$ into sep>ate classes 9 advance1 !re %\ld be an in=mal division made be=e ! judg+1 v mu* z is done ) respect to ! *ampion%ip classes1 :]e ! judges (t5 are p]mitt$ to divide ! classes into horses above & bel[ #ae4b4 ,e horsewoman %\ld h at lea/ a g5]al k ( :5 & ) :at to fe$ h] horse4 ,9 g5]al a horse %\ld be f$ ?ree times a day1 & ! all[ance = ! av]age horse is f\r qu>ts ( oats1 at six 9 ! morn+1 & z mu* hay z he w eat ab\t an h\r lat]4 ,at noon two qu>ts ( oats & hay ab\t an h\r lat]1 & at night a bran ma% compos$ ( ab\t two qu>ts ( oats & an equal ma% ( bran1 well salt$4 ,a horse %\ld nev] be wat]$ aft] eat+4 ,he %\ld be wat]$ ab\t tw5ty m9utes be=e 8 fir/ morn+ meal & may be wat]$ ab\t tw5ty m9utes be=e ea* ( 8 o!r meals4 ,!re is no objection to wat]+ him at o!r times1 n aft] fe$+1 & 9 hot wea!r x is advisable to wat] him frequ5tly4 ,:5 wat]+ a horse 9 ! /able1 he %\ld be all[$ to h z mu* z he wants to dr9k1 b ! wat] %\ld nev] be v cold4 ,9 w9t] ! *ill %\ld always be tak5 (f ! wat] be=e x is giv5 to ! horse4 ,! above h\rs = fe$+1 except ! h\r = 8 breakfa/1 mu/1 h[ev]1 be modifi$ by ! "t :5 he comes 9 f "w1 z a horse %\ld always h a good re/ & be ?or\ghly cool$ (f be=e he is f$ oats4 ,he c eat hay :5 he is hot b nev] oats4 ,_m horses w require m ?an ! above all[ance & _m o!rs less1 & "s horses require z mu* humor+ ab\t _! food z a n]v\s *ild4 ,if a horse is v ?9 & n work+ h>d1 "o ( ! be/ ways to fatt5 him is to give him light1 /eady "w & mix molasses ) 8 fe$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a horse is becom+ poor 9 spite ( tak+ all 8 food1 x is probably because 8 tee? are too long & ne$ fil+ d[n1 z a horse ) long tee? w nev] ma/icate or dige/ 8 food prop]ly4 ,) mo/ horses1 any food rema9+ 9 ! mang] aft] a meal %\ld be tak5 out & ?r[n away1 z ! sight ( x is apt to disgu/ !m & put !m (f _! fe$4 ,a sweat+ horse %\ld n be wat]$ unless :ile on ! road1 9 :i* case x does him no h>m to give him1 f "t to "t1 a dr9k ( n too cold wat]1 b aft] ea* dr9k he %\ld be walk$ = five or t5 m9utes be=e tak+ up ! trot or cant]4 ,:ile on ! road x is mu* saf] n to let y\r horse eat any grass1 & if he does eat any1 be sure n to trot him until he has _h ample "t to dige/ x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 a horse is br\ght home & is be+ cool$ (f by ! groom1 x refre%es him v mu* to be all[$ to nibble ! grass4 ,x is v advisable1 if y h l& en\gh1 to h a portion f5c$ (f z a paddock1 ev5 if y keep only "o or two horses4 ,:5 a horse comes 9 tir$1 aft] a h>d day1 no?+ refre%es him s mu* z to be turn$ out )\t ev5 a bridle1 & all[$ to roll z mu* z he wants2 & if horses are n be+ us$ x is bett] = !m to be turn$ out = a few h\rs 9 ! paddock r ?an to rema9 all day 9 ! /all4 ,if y h a paddock1 h[ev]1 be sure t ! f5ce is high en\gh to prev5t y\r horses jump+ x1 & be p>ticul>ly c>eful t ! inside ( ! f5ce is smoo? & t !re are no nails or b>b$ wire or any?+ t might injure ! horse4 ,!re are portable paddock f5ces to be _h1 :i* are easily put up & mov$1 & !y are v useful :5 y move y\r /able ab\t f place to place4 ,if y are =tunate en\gh to buy a ?or\ghly tra9$ horse1 ! difficult ?+ is to keep him s )\t spoil+ him by ov] indulg5ce on ! "o h&1 or1 on ! o!r1 by ar\s+ 8 ob/9acy by fight+ in/ead ( controll+ him4 ,q z mu* tact & =be>ance are ne$$ 9 ! h&l+ ( horses z 9 h&l+ *ildr54 ,!y %\ld n be puni%$ = trifl+ faults1 nor %\ld grave faults be all[$ to become habits4 ,mu* c be done by c>esses & ! use ( ! voice4 ,b 9 ! c>ess+ be sure t ! horse does n ?9k t y are slapp+ him4 ,mo/ horses res5t be+ slapp$ on ! back q z mu* z mo/ ( y\r fri5ds4 ,9 fact1 all horses wor? rid+ dislike any?+ t w />tle !m1 or any sudd5 %ock4 ,x is easy to e/abli% a sort ( a private signal code ) y\r horse1 :i* he w always und]/&4 ,x is only necess>y always to d ! same ?+ to br+ ab\t ! same result4 ,if y wi% y\r horse to move ! "p ( ! body 9 front ( ! saddle1 ! signal %\ld be by /rok+ him on ! neck or %\ld]s1 & if he is to move any "p ( 8 body beh9d ! saddle1 he %\ld be /rok$ or t\*$ on ! qu>t]s4 ,if he obeys1 cont9ue /rok+1 b if he disobeys or misund]/&s1 cease ! c>ess4 ,9 "t he w come to reg>d ! c>ess z a signal4 ,= example1 if y wi% y\r horse to back1 d n /roke him on ! neck1 nor if y wi% him to turn f "o side to ! o!r %\ld y /roke 8 qu>t]s4 ,mu* m c be done ) a horse ?r\gh k9dness ?an ?r\gh fe>4 ,unb\nd$ pati5ce is ne$$1 & ! individual peculi>ities ( ea* horse mu/ be made ! subject ( c>eful /udy4 ,"s horses are intellig5t :ile o!rs are /upid1 & x is ) ! latt] t good horsewoman%ip comes to ! =e4 ,a /upid horse has to be l$ on /ep by /ep1 & %\ld only be taught "o lesson at a "t & %\ld ma/] t be=e proce$+ ) ! next4 ,:5 y are tra9+ y\r horse & he %[s ob/9acy1 or appe>s to be /upid1 be=e />t+ to puni% him or compell+ him to obey y\r w1 be sure fir/ t ! cause ( 8 ob/9acy is n "s petty discom=t--su* z an ill-fitt+ bit or a sore back1 too tight a gir?1 or indige/ion4 ,n9e times out ( t5 ! reason = a horse's ob/9acy is t he is uncom=table or t 8 m9d is di/ract$ by "s petty annoyance4 ,fur!rmore1 a horse :5 he is fre% c seldom be taught any?+4 ,! be/ ?+ to d is to give him ?irty or =ty m9utes good /raightaway "w until he is calm$ d[n1 & !n y c comm& 8 att5tion4 ,he w !n g along )\t gaz+ ar\nd or be+ di/ract$ by e pass+ trifle1 & all 8 faculties w be at ! comm& ( 8 rid]4 ,:5 rid+ 9 company rememb] !re is a 8rid+ c\rtesy40 ,y h y\r comrade & y\r comrade's horse to consid] z well z y\rself & y\r own horse4 ,! two horses %\ld be kept go+ toge!r1 & on ! same gait z mu* z possible1 s if y\r horse beg9s to urge ahead1 keep him back a trifle4 ,!re is no?+ m annoy+ ?an ! 8gallop+ fri5d0 :o w n take ! tr\ble to control h] m\nt1 & s makes ! o!r horse n]v\s & unmanageable4 ,nev] 8cluck0 to y\r horse1 ev5 :5 y are rid+ alone4 ,x is a v bad habit to acquire1 &1 :5 y are rid+ 9 company1 ! o!r horse or horses are sure to he> y & to increase _! gait q z mu* z y want y\r horse to increase 84 ,y are suppos$ to ride a tra9$ horse1 :o w obey ! signals f ! re9s1 heel1 or :ip1 & if y\r horse does n "k ^! signals he mu/ be taught !m be=e y ride 9 company4 ,d n1 h[ev]1 "u any circum/ances1 fl\ri% y\r :ip or use x ) su* =ce t ano!r horse c he> x1 = ! effect w be q z bad z cluck+4 ,if y\r horse lays 8 e>s back & bites at ! o!r horse1 d n pull 8 head away1 especially if y are up ) ! o!r horse1 = t w put him 9 a position :]e he c kick to great advantage4 ,in/ead ( pull+ 8 head away1 re9 him back & keep 8 head /raight4 ,if y h occasion to raise y\r "r h& to adju/ y\r hat or hair1 be sure fir/ to place ! :ip 9 ! left h&1 z o!rwise y\r horse or y\r comrade's horse is v apt to be fright5$ by see+ ! :ip fl\ri%$ 9 ! air4 ,a mo/ important po9t to be rememb]$ is t y\r horse %\ld be gir!d be=e y m\nt him1 & nev] aft] m\nt+--fir/1 because x is v dang]\s to m\nt ) ! gir?s loose1 = if ! horse %\ld break away f ! groom1 or :oev] is hold+ him1 or ev5 sw]ve or buck sudd5ly1 ! saddle is almo/ sure to twi/ & !re may be a v bad accid5t2 &1 secondly1 because gir?+ a horse aft] ! rid] is m\nt$ g5]ally results 9 ! gir?s be+ drawn too tight1 & too tight gir?s n only cause ! horse great pa9 b make him apt to /umble or lag 9 8 gait & become unduly exhau/$4 ,tight gir?+ has v mu* ! same effect on ! horse z tight lac+ has on ! rid]4 ,if y h occasion to look to ! re>1 always turn y\r body t[>d ! "r2 n only is x mu* easi] to look ar\nd 9 ?is way1 b y _c turn to ! left )\t rais+ y\r "r knee m or less1 & y are apt to raise x s high t if ! horse %\ld />t sudd5ly y w\ld lose y\r hold ( ! pommel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,safety ,,/irrup1 ,,op5 ,illu/ration3 ,,safety ,,/irrup1 ,,clos$ ,) ! side-saddle1 safety skirts & /irrups %\ld always be us$1 z ) !m a fall is v unlikely to injure ! rid]4 ,) ! pla9 skirt a bad accid5t may be caus$ ?r\gh ! skirt cat*+ on ! pommels1 & ) a pla9 /irrup !re is great dang] ( be+ dragg$ by ! foot4 ,if ! horse %ies to ! "r1 always rememb] to ?r[ ! weight to ! left2 ?is keeps ! legs tight 9 position :i* enables ! rid] to ma9ta9 h] balance2 :]eas1 if y ?r[ y\r weight to ! "r1 y lose ! grip f ! "r knee & h no means ( recov]+ y\r balance1 s t a fall is inevitable4 ,( c\rse1 if ! horse %ies to ! left y %\ld ?r[ y\r weight to ! left = ! same reason4 ,ow+ to ! v /rong grip ( ! "r knee ov] ! pommel1 x is almo/ impossible = a woman to be ?r[n to ! ne> or left side ( ! horse2 ! only real dang] is ( be+ ?r[n to ! "r1 &1 z !re is no?+ to /op a woman f fall+ on ! (f or "r side ( ! saddle1 z !re is on ! left1 x foll[s t1 t[>d :i*ev] side ! horse may %y1 ! only ?+ to d is1 z ,i h said1 to ?r[ ! weight to ! left4 ,:5 y feel y\rself be+ ?r[n1 especially if y h on a pla9 skirt or h a pla9 /irrup1 or bo?1 be sure n to let g ( ! re9s1 = 9 case y d n fall cle> ( ! saddle1 y\r "o *ance = self-pres]vation is t 9 "s measure y /ill h control ( ! horse4 ,if y keep hold ( ! re9s y h a good *ance ( be+ able to pull him 9 & keep him f runn+ away1 & y w save y\rself f be+ dragg$ & probably escape a v s]i\s accid5t4 ,if a horse 9 ! act ( %y+ or balk+ succe$s 9 turn+ half-way r\nd ) y1 d n try to turn him back aga9/ ! direction 9 :i* he has %i$1 b1 in/ead1 pull him quickly & completely ar\nd 9 ! direction :i* he has tak54 ,he w n attempt to resi/ y & y w at once h him back 9 8 orig9al position & go+ 9 ! orig9al direction4 ,if y\r horse re>s1 give him 8 head imm$iately & ?r[ y\r weight z f> =w>d z possible4 ,?is w usually br+ him d[n4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y feel t he is go+ ov]1 rememb] t a horse :5 he re>s always falls to "o side or ! o!r4 ,!re=e1 z soon z y f9d t he is b\nd to fall1 pull 8 head ) all y\r /r5g? to ! "r s z to make him lose 8 balance & fall on t side4 ,! *ances are t y w n be hurt1 :]eas1 if he falls to ! left1 y are almo/ sure to h y\r legs caught b5ea? him & s be s]i\sly injur$4 ,if y\r horse backs1 give him 8 head & p>ticul>ly be sure n to h any pressure on ! curb1 z t keeps 8 head 94 ,sit close & urge him =w>d ) ! left leg & t\* him on 8 (f qu>t] ) y\r :ip4 ,if y are we>+ a spur1 t\* him lightly at fir/ & !n z h>d z may be necess>y4 ,if y\r horse kicks or bucks1 keep 8 head up by loos5+ ! curb & us+ ! snaffle only4 ,sit close & put him 9 motion1 b be c>eful n to let ! left leg g back1 z ?is is apt to t]rify him & make him kick or buck all ! h>d]4 ,v few horses w ei!r kick or buck :5 !y are 9 motion1 &1 unless ! horse is vici\s & is an habitual kick] or buck]1 8 kick+ or buck+ is usually caus$ by fre%ness1 & ! be/ ?+ to d is to make him cant] until he has calm$ d[n4 ,if y\r horse balks1 by f> ! be/ ?+ to d is to di/ract 8 att5tion or else let him /& quietly )\t (f]+ him any resi/ance4 ,a horse has only "o idea 9 8 m9d at a "t1 b t idea is v fix$1 s t if y /rike a balk+ horse or resi/ him1 y w simply ar\se all 8 ob/9acy & he w balk all ! worse4 ,! be/ way to di/ract 8 att5tion is to pet him & speak to him4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a %ort "t he w tire ( ! balk+ & attempt to />t =w>d4 ,if at ?is mom5t y keep him /&+ a bit long] he w become possess$ ( ! idea t he wants to g1 & y w h no m difficulty ) him = ! "t be+4 ,inde$1 ,i h f\nd t ?is is by f> ! be/ way to break a horse ( ! habit ( balk+4 ,:5 y are rid+ 9 company1 an important ?+ = bo? y\r companion & y\rself to rememb] is t if y\r companion1 :e!r man or woman1 is m\nt$ on a sl[] horse ?an y\rs1 & y\r horse />ts to run1 ! v wor/ ?+ t he c d is to try to cat* y4 ,! noise & excitem5t :i* 8 horse produces w make y\r horse run all ! fa/]2 8 horse be+ sl[]1 he w n be able to cat* y1 & y w be almo/ sure to h a runaway4 ,i h kn[n ( _m v s]i\s accid5ts be+ caus$ ?r\gh a man try+ to cat* a girl's horse :5 h] horse 0 m]ely gallop+ a little too fa/4 ,unless y\r companion is a ?or\ghly exp]i5c$ rid] & has a horse t he kn[s is fa/] ?an y\rs1 he _h mu* bett] re9 8 horse 9 & give y a *ance to control y\r own horse4 ,x may also be rem>k$ t x is a v difficult ?+ to cat* a runaway horse1 & any "o :o attempts x is tak+ a great risk1 n s mu* = himself z = ! girl ^: horse he is attempt+ to cat*1 :ile ano!r woman1 if m\nt$ on a side-saddle1 w\ld h ! greate/ difficulty 9 br++ h]self into position to cat* y\r horse at all4 ,if a woman us+ ! side-saddle has occasion to cat* ano!r's horse1 %e %\ld be sure to keep ! o!r horse on h] ne> or left side4 ,if ! runaway horse is on h] "r side1 x is v difficult = h] to cat* him )\t los+ h] balance4 ,if y d h occasion to /op a runaway horse1 y %\ld1 if possible1 h y\r horse at lea/ a neck ahead ( him1 s t y may be sure to cat* 8 re9s close by ! bit :5 y grab = !m4 ,if y attempt to cat* ! re9s back ( 8 neck1 x is v unlikely t y w be able to /op him1 & y are mu* m apt to cause a fall4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,correct ,,dress ,,= ,,! ,,saddle ,to look well 9 ! saddle a woman mu/ be correctly & sm>tly turn$ out4 ,! picturesqu5ess ( ! old-fa%ion$ skirt1 ! plum$ hat1 & ! ambl+ palfrey has pass$ away1 & a woman's rid+ clo!s ( to-day are design$1 fir/1 = com=t1 & second1 = neatness4 ,absolute pla9ness & ev]y?+ 9 keep+ are ! pr9ciples to be foll[$4 ,= ! side-saddle ! habit mu/ be well cut1 well made1 & ( good mat]ial4 ,! l5g? & /yle ( ! coat %\ld be adapt$ to ! we>]'s height & figure4 ,! skirt %\ld always be ( ! 8safety0 type4 ,!re are sev]al diff]5t designs ( safety skirts1 b !y may be divid$ into ?ree classes--! apron skirt1 ! half apron1 & ! skirt ) pat5t fa/5]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,safety ,,skirt1 ,,"u ,,side ,,safety ,,skirt1 ,,outside ,,wai/coats ,,bree*es ,,apron ,,skirt1 ,,"u ,,side ,,half ,,apron ,,skirt1 ,,"u ,,side ,,ra9 ,,coat ,,rid+ ,,clo!s ,! apron skirt is v g5]ally us$ 9 ,engl&1 & 9 ?is c\ntry is us$ by _m = hunt+ &1 to "s ext5t1 = g5]al rid+4 ,) ?is patt]n ( skirt ! rid] mu/1 ( c\rse1 we> boots & bree*es4 ,! skirt is entirely cut away on ! side next to ! horse s t1 :5 ! rid] is m\nt$1 h] legs are 9 direct contact ) ! saddle4 ,! skirt is fa/5$ along ! "r leg above ! knee ) buttons & has a /rap :i* passes "u ! "r knee4 ,!re is also a /rap :i* passes "u ! "r foot & ano!r /rap :i* passes "u ! left heel & holds ! skirt 9 place4 ,! half apron skirt is simil> to ?is b1 in/ead ( be+ fa/5$ to ! "r leg by buttons1 x goes "u ! ?igh & ! rid] sits on x4 ,! skirt ) pat5t fa/5]s is cut j l a pla9 skirt1 b on ! "r side & foll[+ ! leg f ! knee d[n !re is an op5 seam ext5d+ ar\nd ! pommels4 ,?is seam is fa/5$ ) pat5t fa/5]s :5 ! rid] is (f ! horse1 b %\ld be left op5 :5 %e is m\nt$4 ,i consid] ! apron skirt ! safe/ = use 9 ! hunt+ field1 =1 :ile 9 my own exp]i5ce ,i h n kn[n ( a woman be+ 8hung up0 ) a skirt ) pat5t fa/5]s1 ,i h he>d ( ?is occurr+4 ,! awkw>dness1 h[ev]1 ( ! apron or half apron skirt1 :5 "o is out ( ! saddle1 makes x emb>rass+ = ! we>]1 s x is sc>cely to be recomm5d$ = ord9>y rid+4 ,! half apron patt]n ( skirt is q z safe z ! apron & x is really m a matt] ( individual fancy z to :i* ( ! two "o %\ld select4 ,!re are also skirts ( ! type ) pat5t fa/5]s :i* are fa/5$ 9 ! same way at ! wai/1 s t if ! rid] %\ld be ?r[n & ! skirt %\ld be caught 9 ! saddle1 ! wai/b& w give way & ! rid] w be entirely releas$ f ! skirt4 ,habit skirts %\ld be kept f bl[+ & 8rid+0 by ! use ( two ela/ic loops1 bo? on ! inside ( ! skirt1 "o 9 su* a position z to pass ov] ! "r toe1 ! o!r "u ! left heel4 ,^! loops %\ld be slipp$ into position z soon z ! rid] is 9 place 9 ! saddle4 ,x is a mi/ake to ?9k t !re is any dang] f ^! loops1 = !y are sure ei!r to slip (f ! foot or to give way 9 case ( an accid5t4 ,9 ! saddle a woman %\ld produce a broad-%\ld]$ & long-wai/$ effect1 & ! coat %\ld be cut ) ?is pr9ciple 9 m9d4 ,unless a woman's %\ld]s look wid] ?an h] hips1 %e w nev] pres5t a sm>t appe>ance on a horse4 ,i d n admire a small-wai/$ effect 9 ! saddle4 ,someh[ x is inappropriate & looks uncom=table4 ,! effect %\ld be ( broad %\ld]s1 slimness1 neatness1 & ease2 ( long l9es r ?an curves4 ,! coat %\ld be s+le-brea/$1 fa/5$ ) five or ?ree buttons1 accord+ to ! we>]'s figure1 & also ) reg>d to ! use = :i* ! coat is int5d$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,new ,,/yle ,,co/ume ,,= ,,p>k ,,rid+ ,?us 9 ! hunt+-field1 :atev] ! rid]'s figure1 x is bett] to h five buttons1 9 ord] to protect ! rid] z mu* z possible aga9/ ra91 etc4 ,= hunt+1 & especially = use 9 cold wea!r & = c\ntry we>1 ! coll> ( ! coat %\ld be made to turn up & button ov] ) a tab1 & !re %\ld be a button "u ! left lapel1 s t ! coat may be button$ closely to ! neck = fur!r protection4 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,/yle 7#ahhg7 ,,po/ilion ,,coat ,) reg>d to l5g?1 ! fa%ion ( ! "t mu/1 ( c\rse1 be foll[$4 ,at pres5t x is ! fa%ion to h coats long1 s z to come ab\t five in*es above ! knee :5 ! rid] is /&+4 ,"s w f9d x becom+ to _! figure to h coats ev5 long] & "s %ort]1 & we may hope t ! days ( ! tight-fitt+ po/ilion coats1 :i* make ! rid] look all hips1 h pass$ =ev]4 ,! coll> may be ( velvet ( ! same %ade z ! habit1 ( ! mat]ial itself1 or ( gray1 black1 or tan lea!r1 accord+ to ! color ( ! habit1 b n ( silk or sat94 ,p]sonally1 ,i d n c>e = lea!r coll>s & ?9k !y are too %[y to be really sm>t4 ,a left side brea/ pocket & two side pockets are p]missible4 ,x is a good plan to l9e ! tails ( ! coat ) rubb]1 s t ! sweat f ! horse's back w n soak ?r\gh ! clo?4 ,! sleeves %\ld be pla9 & f9i%$ at ! cuffs l a man's1 or ! cuffs may be turn$ back f two to ?ree in*es1 accord+ to ! l5g? ( arm1 b %\ld nev] be ( velvet or any mat]ial o!r ?an t ( ! coat itself4 ,wai/coats are v sm>t1 b n absolutely necess>y4 ,= use 9 ! hunt+ field & 9 cold wea!r !y are advisable1 & %\ld !n be made ( a r heavy mat]ial1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 ! back %\ld be ( flannel s z to protect ! rid] aga9/ a *ill4 ,wai/coats may be made ( v>i\s fancy or plaid mat]ials1 9 heavy or light weights1 :i* are manufactur$ especially = ! purpose4 ,s+le-brea/$ wai/coats are sm>t] ?an d\ble-brea/$4 ,! pockets may be made ) or )\t lapels4 ,if ! =m]1 !y %\ld be real lapels or flaps com+ ov] ! pockets1 z !y are meant to we> 9 ! hunt+-field s z to prev5t ?+s 9 ! pockets f escap+4 ,^! pockets 9 ! wai/coat are v conv5i5t = ! wat*1 *ange1 etc4 ,= ! woman :o does n ride mu* or is j tak+ x up & is n sure :e!r %e w enjoy x1 = summ] use 9 ! c\ntry & = beg9n]s & gr[+ *ildr51 ready-made habits ( good /yle are to be f\nd 9 ! dep>tm5t /ores4 ,= ! woman :o rides1 h[ev]1 x is mo/ advisable to h a habit built by a sm>t tailor & made ( ! be/ mat]ials4 ,! *eap] mat]ials d n give good s]vice & lose _! %ape4 ,= w9t] use1 "s heavy mat]ial :i* does n /ret* %\ld be select$1 su* z melton1 broadclo?1 heavy *eviot1 or heavy :ip-cord1 & = mo/ wom5 ! be/ colors are black1 black & gray1 br[n1 d>k blue1 d>k gre51 & any d>k1 quiet color :i* is becom+ to ! we>]4 ,= p>k rid+ 9 ! w9t]1 *ecks1 plaids1 & o!r pron\nc$ patt]ns are n suitable4 ,= m$ium weight habits = spr+ & fall use1 !re is m fre$om ( *oice4 ,! rid] c always select some?+ becom+ 9 *ecks1 m$ium weight gray & br[n clo?s1 light :ip-cords1 & invisible /ripes4 ,! great po9t is to be sure t ! mat]ial select$ is 8tailor's clo?10 = no o!r clo? w /& ! h>d we> ( rid+4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,w9t] ,,habit ,note /&+ m>t+ale ,= summ] !re is a mu* wid] range ( *oice4 ,= v w>m wea!r1 khaki1 duck1 cra%1 & l95 habits are all suitable4 ,!y are all sm>t & cool & /& tubb+1 or else c be regul>ly scrubb$ ) a /iff h& bru% & ba? soap4 ,?is saves ! risk ( _! be+ %runk or />*$ out ( %ape by a c>eless laundress4 ,x is ess5tial t habits = use 9 w>m wea!r %\ld be ( mat]ial t c be wa%$1 & "o %\ld be sure to h ! mat]ial %runk be=e x is made up1 else1 :5 ! rid] puts x on aft] its fir/ wett+1 %e w probably pres5t a 8gr[n-up-9-!-night0 appe>ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,sm>t ,,summ] ,,habit ,x is a v good plan ) summ] habits to h two skirts made = ea* coat1 z skirts become soil$ mu* m quickly4 ,if "o rides mu* 9 ! hot wea!r x is necess>y to h at lea/ ?ree summ] habits1 & ! m "o has ! sm>t] "o's appe>ance4 ,9 ,london 9 ! season1 & ?r\gh\t ,engl& 9 ! summ]1 _m wom5 we> a :ite l95 skirt ) a d>k coat or a d>k clo? skirt ) a :ite l95 coat4 ,! =m] ( ^! comb9ations is v well suit$ to our climate1 ) its con/ant *anges1 & also to ! roads :i* h be5 oil$ = automobiles1 z ! oil ru9s clo? skirts1 :ile x c be readily wa%$ out ( ! l95s4 ,! comb9ation ( a d>k clo? skirt & a :ite l95 coat looks cool] ?an x is & is bett] suit$ to ! ,engli% climate ?an to ours4 ,= ra9y or cold wea!r a ra9 coat or cov]t coat is v s]viceable4 ,! =m] may be ei!r ( ! mat]ial ( :i* ! ,engli% ra9 coats are made or ( crav5ett$ clo?4 ,v few ( ! tailors 9 ?is c\ntry make ^! ra9 coats1 s x is usually necess>y to buy an import$ "o4 ,! ,engli% coats are s made z to %$ ! wat] 9 front ( ! pommels1 & d n all[ x to collect4 ,!y h an inn] l9+ :i* fa/5s ab\t ! wri/ ) an ela/ic b& & ! coll> buttons ov] ) a tab4 ,!y1 !re=e1 are a complete protection aga9/ ! wet b1 except = use 9 v cold /orms or 9 sn[1 are too hot = g5]al purposes 9 our climate4 ,a coat ( crav5ett$ clo? w !re=e be f\nd1 p]haps1 m s]viceable4 ,if int5d$ z a protection aga9/ ! ra91 x %\ld be ne>ly z long z ! habit on ! ne> side1 & ! back %\ld1 ( c\rse1 h a v5t long en\gh to cle> ! cantle4 ,= rid+ 9 cold wea!r _m wom5 f9d x necess>y to we> a top-coat1 :i* may be made ( heavy cov]t clo? or ( r\gh twe$ or ( any suitable pla9 mat]ial su* z a man w\ld use4 ,su* a coat ne$ n be z long z a ra9 coat1 b may be1 if ! rid] desires additional protection4 ,! top-coat1 ( c\rse1 %\ld be long] ?an ! habit coat1 z no?+ looks worse ?an to see ! skirts ( a habit coat com+ out "u ^? ( ! top-coat4 ,! top-coat may be f9i%$ j l a man's1 ) pat* pockets1 etc41 & %\ld1 ( c\rse1 h a coll> t w turn up & button ov] ) a tab4 ,a s]viceable coat = summ] use 9 ra9y wea!r may be made ( light weight *eck rubb] clo?1 :i* is v sm>t & cool] ?an ! import$ ,engli% ra9 coats4 ,! und]clo!s = rid+ %\ld be z c>efully consid]$ z ! out] g>m5ts4 ,silk %irts & full silk tights are be/ = rid+1 b1 if full tights are n worn1 socks %\ld be worn 9 place ( /ock+s1 z ! latt] wr9kle "u ! "r knee & *afe4 ,g>t]s1 if tight1 z !y ne$ to be1 /op ! circulation1 & support]s come directly "u ! leap+ horn4 ,if silk tights are deem$ too extravagant1 silk lisle or lisle tights1 or boys' long balbriggan1 lisle1 or gauze m]9o draw]s are a good sub/itute4 ,corsets or corset wai/s1 if worn1 %\ld be loose en\gh = absolute com=t & fre$om1 b wom5 :o are accu/om$ to ! support ( heavy /ays %\ld1 :5 rid+1 we> eque/rian corsets4 ,to pres5t a manni% appe>ance 9 ! saddle1 %ort corsets %\ld be worn &1 z ,i h said be=e1 ! appe>ance ( be+ lac$ %\ld be entirely avoid$4 ,ei!r eque/rian tights or rid+ bree*es are worn1 & n[adays mo/ wom5 pref] ! latt]4 ,a woman's rid+ bree*es are made on ! /yle ( a man's & ( simil> mat]ial1 ! *ief diff]5ce be+ t if buttons are us$ to fa/5 !m bel[ ! knee1 !y %\ld be plac$ ei!r directly 9 front1 :i* is sm>t b may be uncom=table1 or on ! inside ( ! "r leg1 s z to avoid rubb+ aga9/ ! saddle4 ,in/ead ( buttons1 lac+ may be us$ &1 if x is1 bo? knees c be f9i%$ alike1 ! same z a man's4 ,two ( ! patt]ns are illu/rat$ on page #aji4 ,bree*es may be made ( ! same mat]ial z ! habit or ( any suitable mat]ial su* z a man w\ld we>4 ,) a heavy w9t] habit x is1 ( c\rse1 unnecess>y to use z heavy mat]ial = ! bree*es z w\ld be ! case if no skirt 7 worn4 ,= summ] use1 bree*es may be made ( :ite l951 duck1 or khaki4 ,= hunt+ & = r\gh c\ntry we> & = cold wea!r1 doesk9 bree*es are mo/ s]viceable & v com=table1 & :ite bree*es1 su* z m5 we> 9 ! hunt+ field1 are correct & suitable = almo/ any occasion4 ,wom5 :o are incl9$ to fatness may pref] eque/rian tights1 made ( silk or wool1 to bree*es4 ,rid+ boots = wom5 are made ei!r /iff legg$1 l a man's1 or s(t legg$1 & ) or )\t tops4 ,my pref]5ce is = a boot made ?r\gh\t ( "o mat]ial1 &1 = "s occasions1 /iff legs are almo/ a necessity1 :ile = o!rs ! s(t legs are m com=table4 ,= w9t] use1 & = we> ) black1 blue1 gre51 or v d>k gray habits1 black boots look mu* bett] ?an tan4 ,= ! %[ r+ & = p>k rid+1 pat5t-lea!r /iff-legg$ boots are correct1 & are bett] suit$ to v =mal occasions ?an pla9 calf boots4 ,pat5t-lea!r boots %\ld always be made ) /iff legs1 z o!rwise ! v>ni% w crack4 ,pla9 calf boots are m s]viceable & m com=table ?an pat5t-lea!r = c\ntry rid+1 & are correct = ! hunt+-field4 ,pat5t-lea!r boots are n correct 9 ! hunt+-field1 &1 l mo/ o!r matt]s ( correct =m1 ?is rule is f\nd$ on common s5se1 = pat5t-lea!r boots tire ! feet & legs1 & ) !m ! feet are apt to become v cold 9 bad wea!r4 ,!y are also easily scrat*$ & damag$ 9 rid+ ov] r\gh c\ntry4 ,= hunt+ & = polo1 /iff-legg$ boots are correct1 z !y are a great protection = ! legs4 ,tan boots are n correct 9 ! %[ r+1 except = out-door %[s 9 ! summ]1 nor are !y correct at any "t 9 ! hunt+-field4 ,!y look bett] ) summ] habits1 & ) any light color$ habit1 p>ticul>ly ) light grays1 br[ns1 & khaki4 ,black pat5t-lea!r boots1 hot z !y are1 look v sm>t ) :ite l95 habits4 ,! loose-legg$ boots1 :i* resemble a jockey's boot1 are be+ worn n[ by bo? m5 & wom5 = p>k & c\ntry rid+1 especially 9 summ]4 ,!y are cool] ?an /iff-legg$ boots1 b give sc>cely any protection4 ,illu/ration3 a ,,/iff-,,legg$ ,,boots b ,,field ,,boots ,a v good type ( s]viceable boot = r\gh c\ntry we>1 is "o :i* laces ov] ! in/ep & ankle1 &1 9 its g5]al cut1 resembles ! field boot or %oot+ boot4 ,z ^! c be loos5$ ov] ! in/ep1 !y d n b9d ! foot or br+ discom=t aft] a long day's we>1 & !y are mu* m com=table = walk+4 ,!y h ! same objection1 h[ev]1 z ! loose-legg$ boots2 t is1 !y d n protect ! leg 9 r\gh "w4 ,_m wom5 we>1 9 ! c\ntry1 tan lac$ boots or lea!r legg+s1 ei!r ( ! /raight k9d or :at are kn[n z lea!r puttees4 ,^! are ! same z a man's except t ! legg+ ( ! "r leg %\ld buckle on ! inside1 = ! same reason z ,i h m5tion$ 9 respect to ! buttons on ! bree*es4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 mu* m important 9 ! case ( ! legg+s1 z ! buckles1 if plac$ on ! "r side1 w\ld come directly 9 contact ) ! saddle & cause ! rid] great discom=t4 ,:e!r boots or legg+s are worn1 !y %\ld be ( a l5g? suffici5t to come well up ov] ! bree*es1 b %\ld be ab\t two in*es %ort] ?an a man's boot or legg+s w\ld be1 because ! "r knee 9 ! side-saddle is b5t at mu* m ( an angle ?an x is :5 rid+ a/ride1 & if ! boot is too long x is v apt to p9* ! fle% betwe5 ! pommel & ! top ( ! boot4 ,! boots %\ld be fa/5$ ) catgut or cord loops 9 ! back1 engag+ ) buttons sew$ 9 ! bree*es1 & "o may also h /raps or 8g>t]s0 pass+ ?r\gh loops 9 ! back ( ! boots & atta*$ 9 front by cord loops to ! second button on ! bree*es4 ,^! loops & /raps prev5t ! boots f slipp+ d[n & ! bree*es f slipp+ up1 & f twi/+4 ,boots1 if n made by "o's own boot mak]1 %\ld be a size l>g] ?an ^? ord9>ily worn1 z boots tight 9 ! foot1 p>ticul>ly ( ! /iff-legg$ k9d1 are1 at ! end ( a long day1 in/rum5ts ( torture1 & ,i h kn[n ( _m cases :]e !y h _h to be cut (f because ( ! feet hav+ swoll54 ,:atev] k9d ( boot is worn1 x %\ld fit v closely ab\t ! calf & %\ld be small] at ! top s z to con=m to ! %ape ( ! leg4 ,_m wom5 consid] ! fit ( ! boots z unimportant1 n realiz+ to :at an ext5t !y may be se51 & h[ uncom=table1 too1 loose boots are = walk+4 ,"u ! coat %\ld be worn a pla9 or plait$ %irt ( any patt]n or mat]ial :i* may suit ! we>]'s fancy1 provid$ only t x is 9 keep+ ) ! g5]al manni% /yle ( ! :ole co/ume4 ,silk %irts are v suitable & q correct at all times4 ,! cuffs %\ld be fa/5$ ) sleeve-l9ks4 ,= neckwe> ,i pref] :ite ,ascot /ocks4 ,^! /ocks %\ld be made ( v ?9 mat]ial :i* is h>d to f9d4 ,! ready-made ones are usually mu* too ?ick & clumsy & _c be ti$ neatly4 ,!y %\ld nev] be laund]$ /iff1 & 9 ! front a piece ( celluloid is ins]t$ on ! inside1 or ! /ock may be worn ov] a /iff /&+ coll> ( ! same height4 ,! /ock %\ld be fa/5$ ) an appropriate p94 ,! b> p9s look p>ticul>ly neat4 ,in/ead ( :ite ,ascot /ocks1 /ocks 9 colors1 ty+ 9 a b[1 are v sm>t1 p>ticul>ly = summ]1 & !y are n s w>m z ! ,ascots4 ,!y come 9 pla9 colors & polka dots & are mu* worn 9 ,engl&4 ,( c\rse1 !y look be/ :5 worn ov] a high /&+ coll>4 ,in/ead ( a /ock1 x is equally correct to we> a high turnov] or /&+ :ite l95 coll> ) an ,ascot or a f\r-9-h& tie1 or a b[ tie :i* is q sm>t = almo/ any occasion4 ,"o %\ld nev] we> a 8ready ti$0 /ock or tie4 ,!y are ess5tially bad =m4 ,if a belt is worn x %\ld be ( pla9 calf lea!r or pigsk9 ) a pla9 buckle4 ,:ile = city rid+1 :atev] ! wea!r1 a coat mu/ be worn2 9 summ] 9 ! c\ntry _m wom5 ride )\t "o = coolness' sake4 ,:5 rid+ )\t a coat1 x looks mu* bett] to we> a belt1 :i* %\ld pass ?r\gh loops sew$ on ! b& ( ! skirt4 ,! hair %\ld be done pla9ly & l[ on ! head1 ei!r braid$ or securely coil$4 ,= "y girls only1 a hair ribbon1 :i* %\ld be black1 is p]missible4 ,be sure t ! hair is arrang$ securely1 = no?+ looks worse or is m uncom=table :5 rid+ ?an untidy hair4 ,! correct hat = use 9 w9t] is a black d]by1 except on v =mal occasions1 su* z ! %[ r+ or =mal p>k rid+1 :5 a silk hat %\ld be worn1 if becom+4 ,if n1 h[ev]1 a d]by is equally correct1 b ^! are ! only two hats :i* are correct = =mal rid+4 ,a silk hat is also worn 9 ! hunt+ field1 :]e x is /rictly correct4 ,_m wom5 we> 9 ! hunt+ field a specially con/ruct$ /iff d]by int5d$ z a protection to ! head 9 ! case ( a fall1 or ( com+ 9 contact ) bran*es4 ,_m wom5 f9d ! 8,cont95tal0 hat m becom+ ?an ! d]by1 & x is p]fectly p]missible = all b v =mal occasions4 ,x is nev]1 h[ev]1 correct 9 ! %[ r+ or 9 ! hunt+ field4 ,= all occasions :5 a habit ( a color o!r ?an black1 d>k blue1 or d>k gre5 is p]missible1 a d]by hat may be worn ( a %ade to mat* ! habit4 ,?us1 a light or d>k br[n d]by1 if becom+1 looks v sm>t ) a light or d>k br[n habit1 & a gray hat ) *ecks4 ,= summ] we> ! pla9 /raw or black sailor or ,panama is correct = all occasions1 b ! ,panama1 if worn1 %\ld be p]fectly pla9 &1 p>ticul>ly1 %\ld h a pla9 ribbon4 ,^! /yles ( hats are mu* bett] suit$ = we> ) l95 or cra% habits ?an d]bys or ,cont95tals4 ,= we> 9 ! summ] ! sombr]o is com=table1 b ,i d n consid] x v fit4 ,all rid+ hats %\ld be l>ge en\gh to set well d[n on ! head1 l a man's1 & %\ld be kept 9 place by a r broad ela/ic4 ,if ?is is sewn a trifle ne>] ! front ( ! hat ?an usual1 x w hold ! hat bett] ?an if sewn exactly 9 ! middle4 ,hat p9s %\ld nev] be us$ 9 rid+4 ,!y look out ( keep+1 & 9 case ( an accid5t are v dang]\s4 ,x is q correct to we> a hat gu>d1 b x %\ld be ( ! k9d t fa/5s to ! back brim ( ! hat1 ) ! hang] inside ( ! coat coll>1 & ! hang] %\ld be %ort en\gh to keep ! hat1 if bl[n (f ! head1 f /rik+ ! horse4 ,?is precaution is v important1 z ,i h (t5 kn[n ( horses />t+ to run f be+ /ruck by ! hat4 ,rid+ gloves %\ld ei!r be tan1 dog-sk91 :ite bucksk91 or :ite *amois4 ,!y %\ld be heavy1 h& sewn1 h ei!r "o or two buttons1 & %\ld be a size or two l>g] ?an ^? usually worn4 ,:ite gloves are correct = all occasions1 & ,i ?9k look sm>t] ?an tan4 ,!y %\ld always be worn ) :ite habits4 ,= ! hunt+ field & ! %[ r+1 heavy :ite bucksk9 gloves are /rictly correct1 b !y d n wa% well &1 z !y h to be pipe-clay$ to look :ite1 ! pipe-clay comes (f on "o's habit & proves v annoy+4 ,i h f\nd :ite *amois gloves ! be/ = use z !y c be wa%$ :ile on ! h&s 9 tepid wat] ) a scrubb+ bru% & ba? soap4 ,:5 dry !y %\ld be put on1 rubb$ s(tly toge!r1 & !y w !n be practically z good z new4 ,bucksk9 gloves %\ld be kept on trees to dry aft] wa%+ or !y w lose _! %ape & %r9k4 ,driv+ gloves :i* are re9=c$ ov] ! f+]s :]e ! re9s are held 9 driv+1 are n suitable = rid+4 ,!y are too /iff & clumsy & "o loses ! 8feel0 ( ! horse's m\?4 ,x is always correct to c>ry ei!r a :ip1 /ock1 or crop1 & x is advisable to d s1 bo? because ! horse may ne$ puni%m5t & 9 ord] to give ! "r h& some?+ to d4 ,light cutt+ :ips are be/ :5 rid+ a gre5 horse or "o t is apt to require puni%m5t4 ,crops1 ( c\rse1 %\ld always be c>ri$ 9 ! hunt+ field1 & = o!r occasions pla9 /icks are equally correct4 ,x is n safe = a woman1 unless %e is an exp]i5c$ rid]1 to we> a %>p spur1 & "o %\ld nev] be worn except ) an op5 skirt1 z x is almo/ c]ta9 to cat* 9 a pla9 skirt4 ,! spur1 if worn1 %\ld be pla9 & ( ! same patt]n z a man's4 ,no jewelry %\ld be worn 9 rid+ except ! p9 9 ! tie & ! cuff l9ks4 ,illu/ration3 ,,puttees ,! "u dress = cross-saddle rid+ %\ld be ! same z = ! side-saddle4 ,= ! out] dress ! only /yle t ,i consid] correct is loose rid+ bree*es1 polo legg$ boots1 & a long coat4 ,! divid$ skirt always looks to me out ( place1 & any woman :o wants to we> a skirt _h bett] ride 9 ! side-saddle4 ,= a long rid+ trip 9 ! m\nta9s or = r\gh+ x or = any occasion :5 a woman is apt to h to walk z well z to ride1 a %ort divid$ skirt1 com+ only to ! knees1 su* z ,we/]n wom5 we>1 is appropriate1 b ,i %\ld n consid] x appropriate = ord9>y rid+ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,/iff boots are pref]able to legg+s because !y d n %[ ! %ape ( ! leg & are m ( a protection ?an s(t legg$ boots4 ,! boots %\ld be z long z a man's = cross-saddle rid+ & %\ld %[ ?ree buttons on ! bree*es4 ,!y %\ld be tight 9 ! leg & fa/5$ 9 ! way ,i h describ$ on page #aba4 ,! bree*es %\ld be cut exactly l a man's except t !y %\ld be m baggy above ! knees4 ,!y mu/ fit v closely at ! seat & ab\t ! wai/ & %\ld fit v tightly bel[ ! knee4 ,!y %\ld always be re9=c$ ) bucksk9 on ! inside ( ! knees4 ,appropriate bree*es are %[n 9 ! illu/ration on page #aji4 ,! coat %\ld be s+le-brea/$1 ) ?ree or five buttons1 accord+ to ! we>]'s figure & p]sonal fancy1 & r loose fitt+1 q long1 ) v full skirts com+ bel[ ! knee :5 m\nt$4 ,! skirts ( ! coat are kept 9 place by a tab :i* engages ) ! ?ird button f ! top on ! bree*es1 j above ! boots4 ,! coat %\ld be op5$ en\gh 9 ! back to cle> ! cantle1 s t ! skirts w fall on ei!r side ( ! horse4 ,) ! skirts s fa/5$ at ! knees1 ! ?ighs & upp] legs are conceal$ & no?+ is visible b a sm>t boot4 ,i consid] ?is f> ! sm>te/1 ! mo/ com=table1 ! mo/ mode/1 & ! safe/ co/ume = cross-saddle rid+4 ,9 ! foll[+ li/ w be f\nd ! av]age price = all rid+ clo!s1 etc41 ea* good ( its k9d3 ,clo? rid+ habit #ge4jj to #ajj4jj ,l95 & flannel habit #de4jj to #fj4jj ,wai/coat #aj4jj to #ae4jj ,cov]t coat #de4jj to #ee4jj ,ra9 coat #dj4jj to #de4jj ,tights #a4jj to #bj4jj ,socks1 doz4 pairs #a4ej to #f4jj ,eque/rian tights #a4ej to #b4ej ,rid+ bree*es #aj4jj to #ah4jj ,boots 7ready-made7 #ab4jj to #ae4jj ,boots 7made to ord]7 #bj4jj to #ce4jj ,boots1 lac$ & /rapp$ #be4jj ,legg+s #aj4jj to #ae4jj ,rid+ /ocks1 doz4 #c4jj to #f4jj ,%irt wai/s1 doz4 #ab4jj to #cj4jj ,l95 coll>s1 doz4 4#ge to #c4jj ,neckties 7ea*7 4#ej to #b4jj ,belt 4#ej to #b4jj ,silk hat #h4jj to #aj4jj ,d]by hat #d4jj to #e4jj ,sailor hat #c4jj to #e4jj ,panama hat #aj4jj to #cj4jj ,sombr]o #e4jj to #ae4jj ,hat gu>ds 4#ej to #a4jj ,gloves #a4jj to #b4ej ,rid+ crops #b4jj to #aj4jj ,:ips #c4jj to #e4jj ,/icks #a4jj to #e4jj ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,saddles ,,& ,,bridles ,mu* discrim9ation is requir$ 9 ! selection ( a side-saddle4 ,9 ord] to be com=table x mu/ fit bo? ! rid] & ! horse1 a condition h>d] to f9d ?an "o w\ld imag9e4 ,! be/ mak]s c>ry diff]5t l5g?s ( saddles 9 /ock4 ,! %orte/ measure eighte5 in*es f ! front to ! cantle1 & ! longe/ tw5ty-f\r in*es4 ,) ea* ( ^! diff]5t l5g?s !re are /&>d wid?s1 & ,i _c ov]/ate ! importance ( a woman *oos+ a saddle t is suit$ to h] con=mation4 ,on page #adj ( ?is book w be f\nd a diagram1 ) in/ructions = measurem5t1 s t if a good mak] is n available ! saddle may be ord]$ by mail1 b ,i w\ld advise any woman :o wi%es to select a saddle to take "s exp]i5c$ woman rid] ) h] to ! saddl]'s & rely on h] advice1 z ,i h kn[n _m wom5 to *oose ! wrong size ( saddle & ?us be r5d]$ v uncom=table4 ,try+ a saddle 9 ! %op is v diff]5t f rid+ 9 x on a horse1 & x takes a great deal ( exp]i5ce to pick out :at y require4 ,a side-saddle1 9 ?is c\ntry at lea/1 co/s q a bit ( money1 b a good "o1 ) prop] c>e1 w la/ = a lifetime1 &1 ) a little adju/m5t1 c be made to fit almo/ any horse4 ,:ile !re are hundr$s ( diff]5t makes ( side-saddles on ! m>ket1 ! really good ones are v few4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,p>k ,,& ,,hunt+ ,,saddle ,! be/ ,engli% side-saddles are really 9 a class by !mselves1 & no su* saddles are made 9 ?is c\ntry except by ! ,engli% saddl]s1 & !y use only import$ ,engli% pigsk94 ,! ,engli%1 :e!r import$ or made "h ( ,engli% mat]ial1 co/ only a little m ?an ! ,am]ican saddles1 & !y are s f> sup]ior t !re is no "q 9 my m9d b t !y %\ld be "o's *oice4 ,9 its con/ruction a woman's saddle diff]s f a man's4 ,z x is made to sit on in/ead ( to be/ride1 ! seat is made z level z possible1 & ! be/ saddles h1 if any1 only a slight dip (1 say1 f "o to "o & a half in*es4 ,i f9d a saddle ) ?is slight dip m secure = hunt+ & = rid+ v gre5 horses1 b ! saddle %\ld n h a great] dip ?an ?is1 & _m wom5 f9d a level seat )\t any dip p]fectly com=table4 ,i pref] a level saddle = all ord9>y use1 & ! dip1 if any1 mu/ come f ! elevation ( ! cantle1 & n f ! holl[+ out ( ! seat or f ! elevation ( ! front4 ,! old /yle side-saddle1 ) a 8di%$ out0 seat cov]$ ) doesk91 has be5 entirely ab&on$1 = ! safety ( ! rid] & ! com=t ( ! horse4 ,! be/ mak]s use pigsk9 = cov]+ ! seats ( ne>ly all _! saddles4 ,9 ,france1 h[ev]1 _m wom5 use bucksk9 & "s ( ^! saddles are us$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ,france ^! saddles are pipe-clay$ & look v sm>t ) a light habit1 & if "o is able to h two or m saddles 9 "o's /able1 ,i "k ( no objection to us+ ?is ,fr5* type ( saddle on occasion4 ,! saddle-flaps %\ld also be made ( g5u9e pigsk94 ,mo/ mak]s use pigsk9 to cov] ! leap+ iron & pommel4 ,"s ( ! be/ saddles1 h[ev]1 h ^! cov]$ ) bucksk91 :i* gives !m a saf] & m cl++ feel+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,side-,,saddle ,,) ,,wide ,,pommels ,,& ,,safety ,,flap ,:5 ! flap is rais$ ! /irrup comes (f ,! greate/ improvem5t 9 ! mod]n side-saddle is ! cutt+ f> back ( ! gullet plate1 :i* leaves ! )]s cov]$ only by ! cont9uation ( ! ne> flap4 ,?is =m ( con/ruction n only keeps ! seat ( ! saddle level1 b makes ! rid] mu* m com=table1 z x enables h] to h h] ?igh horizontal in/ead ( ! knee be+ rais$ z x 0 9 ! old /yle ( 8di%$ out0 saddles ) a high front4 ,moreov]1 x has ! great advantage ( free+ ! horse's )]s f pressure1 & helps a bit t[>d keep+ 8 back cool4 ,! cool] ! back is kept ! fre] x w be f sor5ess & *af+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,side-,,saddle ,,) ,,n>r[ ,,pommels ,,& ,,safety ,,flap ,,up ,illu/ration3 ,,side-,,saddle ,,) ,,/irrup ,,adju/able ,,f ,,(f ,,side ,! frame ( ! saddle is call$ ! 8tree40 ,! tree ( ! /&>d saddles is ( a /&>d wid?1 & ! fitt+ ( ! saddle to ! horse's back is secur$ n f us+ diff]5t siz$ trees b by padd+4 ,horses' backs diff] greatly bo? 9 wid? & %>pness1 s t ! saddle %\ld always be fitt$ to ! p>ticul> horse on :i* x is to be mo/ us$4 ,?is %\ld be done by an exp]i5c$ & compet5t saddl]1 & a prop] fit secur$ be=e ! saddle is b\ght or accept$4 ,) a prop]ly fitt$ saddle1 saddle pads & clo?s %\ld nev] be necess>y4 ,!y look clumsy1 !y are liable to slip out ( place1 !y collect s& & dirt1 & ev5 ! be/ ( !m heat ! horse's back4 ,if "s k9d ( saddle pad is requir$ on acc\nt ( a sore back1 or an ill-fitt+ saddle1 or if1 = in/ance1 "o is us+ "o's own saddle on a /range horse t x does n fit1 by f> ! be/ pad to use is a %eepsk91 cut ! same size z ! saddle & worn ) ! woolly side next to ! horse's back4 ,%eepsk9s are readily wa%$ & d n heat ! horse's back ne>ly z mu* z ! ord9>y felt saddle pad4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,same ,,side-,,saddle1 ,,(f ,,side4 ,,%[+ ,,spr+ ,,flap ,,:i* ,,holds ,,flap ,,up ,,or ,,d[n ,,at ,,w1 ,,p]mitt+ ,,rid] ,,to ,,adju/ ,,gir?s ,,or ,,/irrup ,,lea!r ,,:ile ,,m\nt$ ,saddles are l9$ ei!r ) lea!r1 ) pla9 ,holl& l951 or ) heavy :ite s]ge4 ,( ! ?ree ,i greatly pref] ! lea!r because x is cool] = ! horse's back1 is m easily clean$1 looks f> sm>t]1 & is m durable4 ,if ! saddle fits ! horse prop]ly ! lea!r l9+ w nev] rub him1 b x mu/ be kept s(t by frequ5t oil+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,diagram ,,= ,,measur+ ,,side-,,saddle ,9 my op9ion1 l95 is next be/1 b x does n we> z well z lea!r1 & s]ge1 :i* is 9 g5]al use & is f\nd 9 mo/ saddles1 is n z good a mat]ial = l9+ z ei!r lea!r or l954 ,x is n durable1 x becomes v dirty1 x is h>d to dry1 &1 unless x is kept clean & dry1 x rubs ! horse's back badly4 ,z a sub/itute = a lea!r l9+ & 9 ord] to prev5t ! s]ge l9+ f *af+ a t5d] back1 _m rid]s adopt ! exp$i5t 9 vogue 9 ,india & use a lea!r saddle clo? call$ 8numnah40 ,^! are good = use 9 hot wea!r & keep ! horse's back mu* cool] ?an w\ld ! s]ge l9+1 & save *af+4 ,!y are cut ! exact size ( ! saddle & fa/5$ to x by /raps :i* pass "u ! flap4 ,!y mu/ be kept s(t by con/ant oil+1 o!rwise !y fail 9 _! purpose4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,d\ble ,,gir? ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,fitz-,,william ,,gir? ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,,cord$ ,,gir? ,! gir?s are made ei!r ( webb+ or ( lea!r4 ,! ,fitz-,william gir? is ! safe/ & neate/ = a woman4 ,?is consi/s ( "o v broad gir?1 "s five in*es wide1 ) two buckles at ea* end :i* engage ! two outside billets on ei!r side ( ! saddle4 ,?is gir? goes next to ! horse's body1 & ano!r gir?1 ab\t half z wide & a trifle %ort]1 passes ov] ! fir/ gir?--on :i* x is held 9 position by a lea!r loop j bel[ ! buckles--& t]m9ates 9 a s+le buckle :i* engages ! middle ( ! ?ree billets on ei!r side ( ! saddle4 ,! advantages ( ?is type ( gir? are t x is v /rong & safe1 & x is mu* easi] ) x to gir? ! horse z tight z is necess>y = ! side-saddle ?an x is ) two or ?ree sep>ate n>r[ gir?s1 ea* indep5d5t ( ! o!r1 su* z are commonly us$ 9 liv]y /ables & rid+ s*ools4 ,9 gir?+ ) ! ,fitz-,william1 fir/ ! wide gir? is drawn tight1 & !n ! n>r[ gir?1 & x w be f\nd t ! n>r[ gir? c be tight5$ on ! wide "o s t1 aft] x has be5 drawn1 ! wide "o c be tak5 up two or ?ree holes1 & !n ! n>r[ "o c be tak5 up aga91 & s ! horse _c1 by inflat+ himself1 prev5t tight gir?+4 ,= ! %[ r+1 = hunt+1 & = p>k rid+ ! gir?s mu/ be ei!r ( lea!r or ( :ite webb+4 ,= c\ntry use br[n webb+ gir?s are p]missible1 b !y nev] look well & are lik$ *iefly by lazy grooms4 ,ne$less to say1 :ite gir?s mu/ be kept scrupul\sly clean & pipe-clay$4 ,i d n approve ( braid$ horse-hide gir?s1 nor ( ! ,we/]n 8c9*0 = use ) ! conv5tional ,engli% side-saddle4 ,! 8c9*10 ( c\rse1 is a v useful device = use ) a c[boy's saddle1 b !re is no ju/ification = its use ) ! side-saddle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,adju/+ ,,/irrup ,,f ,,(f ,,side ,! balance /rap1 :i* is ! /rap runn+ f ! gir? billets on ! ne> side to a r+ fa/5$ on ! (f side ( ! cantle1 s]ves to hold ! saddle 9 position4 ,x mu/ n1 h[ev]1 be /rapp$ too tight or x w pull ! saddle too f> ov] to ! "r & fatigue ! horse unnecess>ily4 ,"s ( ! be/ ,engli% side-saddles n[ are s made t1 :5 ridd5 by a v good rid]1 a balance /rap is n necess>y4 ,?is is a great advantage1 z _m horses are tickli% & ! balance /rap annoys !m1 &1 besides1 ! side-saddle )\t a balance /rap is sm>t]1 on ! g5]al pr9ciple t ! less unnecess>y h>ness !re is on a saddle-horse ! bett]4 ,x is mo/ important t ! bridle & re9s %\ld be made ( ! v be/ quality ( lea!r ?r\gh\t1 & ( c\rse1 :5 !y are1 !y are n *eap1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 !y la/ s mu* long] t x is economy to buy ! be/ at ! outset4 ,*eap lea!r may give way at a critical mom5t1 &1 9 any case1 ! l[ grade ( lea!r w become h>d & /iff1 w crack1 & w n take ! prop] poli%4 ,! lea!r1 bo? ( bridle & re9s1 %\ld be ?9 & pliable1 b ?is %\ld be ! result ( press+ & work+ by ! /rapp]4 ,! re9s especially mu/ always be pliable1 z ?ick re9s tire & hurt bo? ! h&s ( ! rid] & ! m\? ( ! horse1 & ) !m "o _c h t lightness & firmness ( t\* by means ( :i* alone a horse %\ld be controll$ by a woman4 ,i _c insi/ ^u ?is too /rongly1 z _m f9e m\?s h be5 ru9$ ?r\gh ! use ( ?ick & heavy re9s4 ,! re9s = a woman's use %\ld be a little n>r[] ?an = a man's1 & %\ld be 9 proportion to ! relative size ( h] h&s4 ,wom5 ) v small h&s may f9d x necess>y to h re9s especially made = !m4 ,! wid? ( ! re9s %\ld be su* t1 :5 held 9 ! position describ$1 ! f+]s c be fully b5t & ! edges ( ! re9s held betwe5 ! second jo9t ( ! f+]s & ! cu%ions ( ! h&s4 ,if !y are too wide1 ! f+]s _c be fully clos$1 :i* pres5ts a v awkw>d appe>ance4 ,if a rid] has v long f+]s ! re9s %\ld n be too n>r[1 =1 if !y are1 !y _c be grasp$ on ! edges1 & !y slip ?r\gh ! f+]s4 ,!re=e1 wom5 ) exceptionally long f+]s usually f9d x bett] to use a man's bridle4 ,) ! ,weym\? curb & bridoon a d\ble bridle is1 ( c\rse1 us$4 ,?is is illu/rat$ 9 ! cut & ! names ( ! v>i\s p>ts giv54 ,! buckles %\ld be lea!r cov]$ & %\ld be squ>e r ?an r\nd4 ,! *eek pieces & bridoon head may be buckl$ ) ! curb & snaffle bits1 respectively1 or be /it*$4 ,! latt] looks mu* neat]1 b x makes ! bits h>d to clean & !y _c be *ang$4 ,! late/ me?od is to h an invisible hook on ! inside ( ! *eek pieces1 :i* is simil> to ! hook us$ on c]ta9 types ( ! be/ side-saddles1 9 place ( ! buckle = %ort5+ ! /irrup lea!r4 ,! *eek piece1 :]e x passes ?r\gh ! r+1 has /it*+ on x1 &1 )\t a close inspection1 "o w\ld n notice :e!r ! *eek pieces 7 /it*$ or hook$4 ,i recomm5d ?is appliance v highly1 z x we>s bett] ?an buckles & looks j z well z /it*+4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,pla9 ,,snaffle ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,bit ,,& ,,bridoon ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,,bit ,,& ,,bridoon ,,) ,,cavesson ,! re9s %\ld be fa/5$ to ! r+s 9 ! same way z ! *eek pieces1 :e!r by buckles1 by /it*+1 or by ! invisible hook :i* ,i h describ$4 ,:5 ! /&+ m>t+ale is us$ x is fa/5$ to ! noseb& or to ! cavesson1 :i* _m use 9 its place4 ,) horses t re> or are incl9$ to 8/> gaze0 a woman %\ld always1 except 9 ! hunt+ field1 use a /&+ m>t+ale4 ,x keeps _! heads d[n1 gives ! rid] bett] control1 & prev5ts re>+4 ,! /&+ m>t+ale looks bett] if hung f a brea/plate 9 ! same mann] z a runn+ m>t+ale4 ,/&+ m>t+ales _c be us$ 9 hunt+1 z !y prev5t a horse f jump+ freely4 ,s 9 hunt+ ) a horse t ne$s a m>t+ale a runn+ m>t+ale %\ld be us$4 ,?is is atta*$ to ! front ( ! brea/plate & has two bran*es end+ 9 r+s1 ?r\gh :i* ! snaffle re9s are pass$4 ,9 front ( ^! r+s !re %\ld be lea!r /ops on ! re9s to prev5t _! buckles f cat*+ 9 ! r+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correctly ,,saddl$ ,,& ,,bridl$ ,,= ,,hunt+ ,note ! brea/plate & cavesson ,runn+ m>t+ales are *iefly us$ 9 ! hunt+ field & 9 jump+1 = 9 jump+ a horse mu/ h 8 head free1 & a tight /&+ m>t+ale w\ld prev5t him f ?r[+ 8 head =w>d at ! take (f1 & s n only prev5t him f us+ 8 /r5g? to ! be/ advantage1 b w\ld t5d to ?r[ him (f 8 balance4 ,runn+ m>t+ales1 h[ev]1 are n ne>ly z effectual 9 prev5t+ a horse f re>+1 & :5 !y are us$ x requires a v consid]able am\nt ( /r5g? on ! "p ( ! rid] to keep ! horse's head d[n1 :ile1 ( c\rse1 ! /&+ m>t+ale keeps ! horse's head d[n )\t any ex]tion on ! "p ( ! rid]4 ,if a /&+ m>t+ale is us$1 be sure t x is n fa/5$ too tight2 x %\ld be loose en\gh to all[ ! horse q a little play ) 8 head 9 its natural position4 ,if x is tight] ?an ?is ! horse1 :5 ! re9s are loose1 w put 8 head 9 its natural position1 !n feel ! pressure ( ! m>t+ale & ?9k t he is be+ back$4 ,he w !reupon back1 & ! m y give him 8 head by loos5+ ! re9s1 ! m1 ?r\gh attempt+ to raise 8 head1 he w feel ! pressure ( ! m>t+ale & w keep on back+4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! only ?+ y c d is to ga!r him lightly ) ! curb1 :i* w br+ 8 head 9 & relieve ! pressure ( ! m>t+ale1 !n urge him =w>d1 or1 if y want him to /&1 keep a light pressure on ! curb s z to prev5t ! m>t+ale f be+ tight4 ,illu/ration3 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,rid+ ,,bits #a4 ,pla9 ,curb #b4 ,port ,curb #c4 ,/raight ,b> ,curb #d4 ,%ift+ ,b> ,curb #e4 ,%ift+ ,r\gh ,curb #f4 ,we/]n ,/yle #g4 ,mexican or ,we/]n ,/yle #h4 ,sev]e ,%ift+ ,b> #i4 ,long ,port ,bit #aj4 ,*ifney ,bit #aa4 ,gridiron ,bit #ab4 ,pla9 ,snaffle #ac4 ,r\gh ,snaffle #ad4 ,brok5 ,pelham1 ,r\gh #ae4 ,brok5 ,pelham1 ,smoo? #af4 ,long ,pelham1 ,brok5 #ag4 ,pelham1 ,r\gh #ah4 ,hanov]ian ,pelham1 ,r\gh #ai4 ,r\gh ,port ,bits #bj4 ,polo ,bits ,! brea/plate1 us$ ) ne>ly all horses by wom5 9 ! hunt+-field1 %\ld be us$ at all times ) a horse t is 8tuck$ up0 l a greyh\nd4 ,9 fact1 _m rid]s use brea/plates at all times ) ne>ly all horses1 &1 except 9 ! %[ r+ or 9 p>k rid+ :]e !y are n consid]$ good =m1 ,i ?9k !y %\ld be g5]ally us$ ) wom5's saddles4 ,!y hold ! saddle 9 place1 &1 ) !m1 ! gir?s ne$ n be drawn s tight4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bits ,,& ,,bridles #a4 ,pla9 ,snaffle #b4 ,r\gh ,snaffle #c4 ,*a9 ,snaffle #d4 ,b\* ,snaffle #e4 ,r\gh ,snaffle ) ,d\ble ,re9s #f4 ,d\ble ,r+ ,snaffle #g4 ,/&+ ,m>t+ale #h4 ,bit & ,bridoon ) ,halt] ,%ank atta*$ ,! brea/plate n only holds ! saddle firmly 9 place1 b x also keeps x f turn+1 prev5ts ! gir?s f slipp+ back on ! horse's belly1 di/ributes "p ( ! weight ( ! saddle on ! horse's %\ld]s in/ead ( hav+ x all on ! gir?s1 & gives ! rid] a feel+ ( security & confid5ce4 ,a few horses h su* wide *e/s & "s su* t5d] sk9s t a brea/plate is apt to gall !m4 ,! be/ bits = a woman to use are ! curb & snaffle4 ,! curb bit 9 g5]al use is ( ! ,weym\? patt]n1 z illu/rat$ above 7see cut ,no4 #a1 page #aej74 ,! snaffle is jo9t$ 7see cut ,no4 #ab1 page #aej74 ,mo/ horses g bett] ) a curb bit ) a slight port1 su* z ,no4 #b1 page #aej1 ?\gh p]sonally ,i l ! patt]n illu/rat$ 9 ,no4 #a1 same page1 above1 q z well1 if n bett]4 ,= horses ) v t5d] m\?s or ) sore m\?s1 ! curb bit may be cov]$ ) rubb]4 ,o!r horses1 aga91 g bett] ) a jo9t$ curb1 & old horses1 ^: m\?s are s h>d t !y _c be br\ght back to _! orig9al condition1 may require ! use ( a heavy port or o!r device :i* w cause !m pa9 :5 ! curb re9 is tight5$4 ,^! v>i\s devices are illu/rat$ above4 ,= hunt]s1 = pull]s1 = polo ponies1 & = ,s\!rn gait$ horses1 v>i\s k9ds ( bits are us$1 b ,i %all n attempt to describe !m "h4 ,!y are fully treat$ 9 _m ( ! /&>d books on rid+ & d n belong 9 a book devot$ to rid+ & driv+ = wom54 ,i %all add a few h9ts1 glean$ l>gely f my own exp]i5ce1 :i* may n be f\nd 9 o!r books on ! g5]al subject4 ,! normal position ( ! bit1 :e!r curb or snaffle1 or bo?1 is 9 ! space betwe5 ! tee? call$ ! 8b>s10 ab\t two in*es bel[ ! eyetee? 9 ! m>e & ! tu%es 9 ! geld+4 ,?is br+s ! curb *a9 to be> on ! s5sitive fle% ( ! l[] jaw :]e ! pressure is mo/ effective4 ,if ! curb is too high1 ! *a9 be>s on ! jawbone :i*1 at t po9t1 is only cov]$ by sk94 ,?is sk9 readily becomes call\s$1 s t ! curb *a9 has almo/ no effect4 ,if ! curb is too l[1 ! horse w be able to get 8 tongue ov] ! bit & keep x !re1 s t control w be lo/ & ! *eek /raps w be too loose1 & ! snaffle1 unless x has v l>ge r+s1 may be pull$ ?r\gh ! horse's m\?4 ,_m horses h a bad habit ( gett+ _! tongues ov] ! bit4 ,a horse ) 8 tongue 9 ?is position is q uncontrollable1 & he mu/ be brok5 ( ! habit at any co/4 ,mo/ horses w be cur$ by tak+ up ! *eek /raps & ?us rais+ ! bits 9 ! m\?4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 may br+ ! curb *a9 too high1 z above /at$4 ,if x does1 or if ?is me?od is n successful1 x may be necess>y to resort to "o ( ! patt]ns ( curb bits design$ to prev5t ! horse f gett+ 8 tongue ov]1 su* z ! gridiron1 ,no4 #ab1 page #aej1 :i* has a r+ :i* is pass$ ov] ! horse's tongue4 ,a tempor>y device :i* may be us$1 except 9 ! %[ r+1 is to put a rubb] b& ov] ! port 9 ! curb & ar\nd ! horse's tongue4 ,x mu/1 ( c\rse1 n be tight or x w /op ! circulation1 b x div]ts ! horse's att5tion &1 ( c\rse1 prev5ts him f br++ 8 tongue ov] ! bit4 ,if a horse is incl9$ to lag1 or g up aga9/ ! bit1 raise ! snaffle 9 8 m\? & l[] ! curb4 ,9 ! ord9>y adju/m5t ( ! bits1 ! curb *a9 %\ld be fa/5$ s t1 :5 hang+ naturally1 y c slip two f+]s "u ! *a9 )\t di/urb+ ! position ( ! bit1 b if ! animal has a h>d m\? ! *a9 may be tight5$ en\gh to give good control4 ,no def9ite rule c1 ( c\rse1 be laid d[n4 ,beg9n]s1 h[ev]1 are p>ticul>ly caution$ to h _! curb *a9s loos] ?an ,i h indicat$1 z1 until !y h acquir$ 8h&s0 & h entirely giv5 up ! habit ( hold+ on by ! re9s1 !y _c ) safety ei!r to !mselves or _! horses ride ) ! *a9 at all tight4 ,if a horse has be5 spoil$ & 8 m\? is s call\s$ or 8h>d0 t he _c be controll$ ev5 ) a tight curb1 & y /ill want to ride him1 ! *a9 may be twi/$1 or "o ( ! puni%+ types ( bit may be us$1 su* z ^? above illu/rat$ 7,nos4 #ai & #bj1 page #aej74 ,twi/+ ! *a9 or us+ su* a bit w make 8 m\? all ! h>d]1 b w enable ! rid] to control him4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,lady's ,cross-,saddle ) ,rolls ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,lady's ,cross-,saddle1 ,pla9 ,flap ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,light ,weight ,saddle1 ,flaps ,cut ,=w>d ,:ile ! ,mexicans & ,indians use v cruel bits & ride only on ! curb1 !y necess>ily ride ) light h&s2 o!rwise !y w\ld break ! horses' m\?s4 ,if a horse pulls m on "o side ( 8 m\? ?an on ! o!r1 drop ! bits on ! side opposite to t on :i* he pulls4 ,if horses h _h ! advantage ( prop] tra9+ & intellig5t rid+1 !y %\ld h no 8m\? tricks10 su* z /ick+ _! tongues out on "o side4 ,if !y are cont9ually frett+ ) _! tongues & lips & heads1 x is probable t !re is some?+ ! matt] ) _! tee? or t !y h "s sor5ess or irritation inside ( _! m\?s4 ,horses d n d ?+s ( ?is k9d )\t cause1 & z soon z any?+ ( ?is k9d is obs]v$ ! m\? %\ld be ?or\ghly inspect$ & /eps tak5 to rem$y ! tr\ble imm$iately4 ,horses (t5 h tr\ble ) _! tee? v mu* z we d4 ,usually a 8vet40 w be able to rem$y any condition ( t k9d1 b if n1 x may be necess>y to call 9 a horse d5ti/4 ,if tr\ble ( ?is k9d is n att5d$ to1 ! symptom may become a habit or a trick v h>d to break & result 9 spoil+ a horse's appe>ance & mann]s4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,saddle ,,horse ,9 writ+ my description ( ! lady's saddle horse ,i f9d t1 ( all ! horses ,i h ev] se51 ,i h n yet f\nd "o t eclipses1 or ev5 equals1 8,lady ,bonnie40 ,i h describ$ h] be=e1 & all ! *ange t is ne$$ is 9 ! t5se1 :i*1 alas6 mu/ n[ be 9 ! pa/4 ,:5 ask$ = a p]fect type ( lady's saddle horse1 ,i close my eyes & ?9k ( h]4 ,%e may h _h h] faults1 b :o has n8 ,to my m9d %e came z ne> p]fection z any horse 9 ! _w4 ,h] beautiful walk1 p]fectly balanc$ trot1 & /raight & delightful cant]1 made h] a joy to ride4 ,h] well-cre/$1 l5g?y neck1 giv+ room = pl5ty ( re92 h] slop+ %\ld]s & beautifully def9$ )]s meant = keep+ ! saddle 9 place2 h] back ( j ! "r l5g? to make ! saddle look 9 proportion2 h] smoo?ly turn$ qu>t]s1 ) tail set high1 c>ry+ out ! p]fection ( h] top l9e2 h] small head1 wide betwe5 ! eyes2 h] t9y well-set & well-c>ri$ e>s1 comb9$ ) ! f95ess & beauty ( h] coat1 l black panne velvet1 complet$ h] magnific5t effect ( bre$+4 ,h] intellig5ce1 h] eag]ness to d h] "p1 h] great ?\gh p]fectly tractable _s1 & h] wond]ful mann]s made x a pleasure to "k h] & a privilege to be h] fri5d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ampion ,,saddle ,,m>e 7,,lady ,,bonnie7 ,illu/ration3 ,,comb9ation ,,type 7,,lady ,,macdonald7 ,a lady's saddle horse %\ld be ( solid color1 black1 *e/nut1 bay1 or br[n4 ,:ite pa/]ns1 or a /> or snip ( :ite on ! face1 make a v attractive 8trimm+ up40 ,p]sonally1 ,i d n consid] :ite-legg$ or bald-fac$ horses s suitable = wom51 because !y look 8fla%y40 ,:ile ( c\rse color has no?+ to d ) con=mation or ! o!r qualities mo/ to be consid]$ 9 a lady's saddle horse1 x has ev]y?+ to d ) ! po9ts ( a horse = ! %[ r+1 :]e no piebald or fla%ily m>k$ horse w\ld /& a *ance 9 a ladies' class4 ,illu/ration3 ,,engli% ,,type ,,( ,,lady',s ,,p>k ,,hack ,! only gaits us$ 9 ! %[ r+1 & g5]ally = p>k rid+ 9 ! ,ea/1 are ! walk1 trot1 & cant]4 ,! walk %\ld be quick1 yet )\t t5d5cy to jigjog2 ! trot squ>e1 well balanc$1 & ) no h9t ( mix$ gaits4 ,!re %\ld be pl5ty ( 8all-r\nd action10 ( ! hocks q z mu* z ( ! knees1 b ( c\rse n ! 8high action0 ( ! c>riage horse4 ,! cant] %\ld be free & easy1 b n too high1 & %\ld always be a cant]--n a %uffl+ g-betwe51 nor %\ld x be s fa/ z to bord] on a run4 ,illu/ration3 ,,light-,,weight ,,?or\ghbr$ ,,lady',s ,,rid+ ,,horse 7,,indian ,,fl[]7 ,! ?or\ghbr$ %\ld be ! ideal saddle horse1 z he is fa%ion$ by nature = t purpose alone4 ,9 ,engl& ?is is ! type ( 8rid+ horse0 mo/ 9 vogue1 & 9 ?is c\ntry he may1 9 a few ye>s1 z he already has !re1 supplant ! p>k hack type4 ,h[ev] delightful he may be 9 ! c\ntry or 9 ! hunt+-field1 he is n really suitable = p>k rid+1 :]e a collect$ trot is ess5tial & :]e 8 excitability gives ! rid] m ?an %e wants4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ! conditions ( rid+ 9 ,engl& are entirely diff]5t f :at !y are 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,"h we ride = ex]cise2 !re !y hunt = ex]cise & ride = re/4 ,!re=e1 :at !y want = rid+ is a horse ) v easy gaits :o does n give ! rid] any ex]tion4 ,9 ,engl& !re is v little rid+ on h>d roads1 z !re is "h4 ,!y almo/ always ride ov] turf & !y h bridle pa?s on ne>ly all ! roads4 ,! ,engli% 8rid+ horse0 ,i h ref]r$ to is a ?or\ghbr$ or ?ree-qu>t] br$1 & ! trot is n "o ( 8 gaits4 ,8 cant] is v easy & he gives ! ,engli%woman j :at %e wants 9 ! way ( re/ & fre% air4 ,) u1 h[ev]1 b few wom5 hunt1 & :5 !y ride !y want ex]cise & want1 !re=e1 a horse t w give !m m to d4 ,!y f9d ?is 9 a horse ) a good sw++ trot1 b !y w\ld n f9d x 9 ! ?or\ghbr$4 ,a v /rong /ra9 ( ?or\ghbr$ blood is ne$$ to produce ! be/ type ( saddle horse &1 aside f _! suitabl5ess = p>k rid+1 _m ?or\ghbr$s1 prop]ly tra9$ & judici\sly select$ z to con=mation1 make horse %[ w9n]s4 ,rid+ a ?or\ghbr$ is altoge!r diff]5t f rid+ any o!r k9d ( a horse4 ,x is !n t all ! niceties ( ! art ( rid+ are call$ into play1 n s mu* z reg>ds ! seat1 = 8 gaits are easy1 b ! h&s mu/ be m ?an usually light1 m ?an usually firm1 & m ?an usually quick 9 _! communication betwe5 ! m9d ( ! rid] & ! m\? ( ! horse4 ,9 fact1 ,i am go+ to say ! m9d ( ! horse too1 = ( good gray matt] ! ?or\ghbr$ possesses an ample %>e4 ,?or\ghbr$s are s excitable & s hot-blood$ t only exp]i5c$ rid]s ) good h&s c manage !m1 & !y are v unsafe = ^? :o h n ma/]$ ! art4 ,!y are h>d to manage :5 ridd5 9 company ) o!r horses1 & !y are s fussy & unreliable t !y af=d b little pleasure except to an accompli%$ horsewoman4 ,next 9 ord] to ! ?or\ghbr$ comes ! hunt]4 ,7 ,i limit$ to "o horse ,i w\ld1 ( all o!rs1 select ! hunt] because ( 8 g5]al all-r\nd usefulness4 ,he is ?or\ghly suitable = p>k rid+1 he c be driv51 he c be hack$1 & 8 jump+ qualities put him 9 a class by himself4 ,!re are s _m diff]5t types ( hunt]s t "o _c fairly say t any p>ticul> type is ! be/4 ,all dep5ds on ! c\ntry to be hunt$ & :e!r ! horse is want$ = hunt+ only or = g5]al utility z well4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?or\ghbr$ ,,hunt] 7,,sunday ,,morn+7 ,probably ! be/ hunt]s are ! ,iri%4 ,!y are up to m weight1 !y h m sub/ance1 great] endurance1 &1 = _! own c\ntry1 are ! safe/ jump]s 9 ! _w4 ,^! ,iri% hunt]s h be5 br$ & hunt$ 9 ,irel& = g5]ations & are natural born jump]s = banks1 b 9 ,irel& !y d n h f5ces1 su* z we "k !m1 nor d !y h su* high jumps 9 ! hunt+-field z we h4 ,s ,iri% hunt]s are n suit$ = hunt+ 9 ?is c\ntry until !y h be5 ?or\ghly tra9$ ov] our f5ces4 ,! ,engli% & ! ,canadian hunt]s are m accu/om$ to timb] & jump high] ?an ! ,iri%4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p]fect ,,type ,,( ,,heavy-,,weight ,,?or\ghbr$ ,,rid+ ,,horse 7,,he>tspr+7 ,hunt+ 9 ! vic9ity ( ! great cities ( ! ,ea/ has *ang$ entirely 9 ?is c\ntry 9 ! la/ fifte5 ye>s1 & ! types ( horses t 7 suit$ to =m] conditions are n fa/ en\gh & d n jump high en\gh = ! pace we h n[4 ,! pres5t t5d5cy 9 ! ,ea/1 s9ce !re are no long] wild foxes to be hunt$1 is to turn hunt+ into /eeple-*as+1 & ! only horses t w c>ry _! rid]s fa/ en\gh & safely ov] ! c\rses z !y are laid out are ?or\ghbr$s or ?ree-qu>t] br$s4 ,9 o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 ( c\rse1 ! c\ntry is n s /iff & ! ?or\ghbr$ type is n ess5tial4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,virg9ia1 ! be/ traditions ( ! hunt+ field h be5 upheld s9ce ! e>lie/ times1 & !re is ! home ( ! be/ hunt+ to be _h 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,!re has be5 z yet no invasion by b>b$ wire4 ,! c\ntry has n be5 exploit$ or comm]cializ$1 & ! f>m]s are ( an entirely diff]5t class f ^? to be f\nd 9 ! neighborhood ( ! great cities or 9 ! ,nor?4 ,z a g5]al rule !y are he>tily 9 sympa?y ) hunt+2 _m ( !m foll[ ! h\nds & bre$ hunt]s1 & ev5 use !m on _! f>ms4 ,9 fact1 ! hunt] is ! g5]al type ( horse to be f\nd ?r\gh\t t section ( ! c\ntry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%[ ,,w9n] ,,9 ,,p>k ,,hack ,,classes 7,,sonia7 ,! hunt] is ! "o k9d ( m\nt = a woman 9 :i* beauty1 ?\gh desirable1 is n a requisite4 ,r does "o seek 9 hunt]s bre$+1 c\rage1 & intellig5ce1 & ! greate/ ( ^! is intellig5ce4 ,! good hunt] w %[ a long neck1 )]s /&+ well back1 & =elegs well =w>d ( ! gir?4 ,he %\ld h slop+ %\ld]s & great dep? ( *e/4 ,9 fact1 8 *e/ %\ld be s deep t :5 y look at him 8 legs %\ld n appe> z long z !y are4 ,he %\ld h /rong qu>t]s1 & !re is no valid objection to _! be+ 8ragg$10 = he ne$s great p[] 9 8 qu>t]s to c>ry him ov] ! jumps4 ,( c\rse1 "o may recall _m in/ances ( light-weight ?or\ghbr$s ( beautiful con=mation :o are admirable hunt]s1 b !y _c be hunt$ e day ov] a heavy c\ntry4 ,t a hunt] is to be ridd5 by a woman1 is no reason :y 8 appe>ance %\ld be ladylike4 ,! extra weight ( a side-saddle & ! unev5ness ( ! di/ribution ( ! rid]'s weight on 8 back1 make x necess>y t a woman's hunt] %\ld be q z l>ge & p[]ful z a man's4 ,! recogniz$ type ( hunt] is close to ! ?or\ghbr$ & q di/9ct f ! h>ness horse4 ,)\t exception1 all hunt]s h m or less ?or\ghbr$ blood1 ?\gh sometimes we h to g unexpect$ly f> back to f9d x4 ,_m ( !m are ?ree-qu>t] br$1 & "s h z little z "o-qu>t]1 or ev5 an eigh? or a sixte5?4 ,z = _! blood1 !re is no recogniz$ /&>d ( bre$+4 ,"s ( ! be/ jump]s h come f trott+ /ock1 "s f hackney /ock1 & "s ev5 h appe>$1 z x 71 by accid5t 9 /ock ( no recogniz$ bre$+ at all1 & ! qualities t g to make a hunt] _c be f\nd ) any c]ta9ty ?r\gh bre$+4 ,! pr9cipal qualification ( a hunt] is t he %\ld jump1 & jump+ is some?+ t seems to be born 9 individual horses1 & to dep5d n s mu* on _! bre$+ z ^u ! union ( c\rage ) a c]ta9 con=mation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,high-,,/epp+ ,,p>k ,,hack 7,,roslyn7 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,old-,,fa%ion$ ,,comb9ation ,,type 7,,w>wick7 ,! correct type = a p>k hack is ! subject ( mu* div]sity ( op9ion 9 ! %[ r+ z well z 9 p>k rid+4 ,"s judges favor ! ?or\ghbr$ type1 :ile "s g to ! o!r extreme & favor ! h>ness type4 ,my *oice = a p>k hack is a sort ( a 8betwixt-&-betwe502 a rid+ horse 8sm>t]0 & m 8peacocky0 ?an ei!r ! ?or\ghbr$ or ! ,s\!rn br$ saddle horse2 n necess>ily bri/l+ ) quality1 yet %[+ pl5ty ( bre$+1 & ) sub/ance1 /yle1 & a snappy all-r\nd way ( go+4 ,9 o!r words1 a horse t fills ! eye ( ! layman by 8 g5]al %[9ess1 & yet satisfies 8 rid] by ! nic5ess ( 8 gaits & mann]s & ! feel+ ( pride on be+ m\nt$ on some?+ t compels univ]sal admiration4 ,illu/ration3 ,,comb9ation ,,type 7,,mayo7 ,( late ! t]m 8road hack0 has come into use4 ,?is title does n yet d5ote a def9ite type4 ,if ,i 7 attempt+ to def9e x ,i %\ld say a horse m l ! ,engli% cob1 l[ 9 /ature1 n ov] #ae4a1 b great 9 sub/ance1 & ) beauty some:at sacrific$ to utility4 ,he mu/ be well mann]$1 be z will+ to /& z he is will+ to g1 & %\ld h a fa/1 well-balanc$ trot1 z ! h>dness ( ! roads (t5 makes cant]+ impossible on ! highway4 ,he %\ld resemble ! p>k hack1 b %\ld be ( a m useful & heavi] type1 & if he c jump a bit1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,9 all horse %[s !re is n[ a class = :at is call$ ! 8comb9ation horse10 a type1 z ,i h he>d "s p say1 t _c exi/ )\t detrim5t to ei!r ! rid+ or driv+ qualities ( ! animal4 ,) ?is ,i p]sonally d n agree4 ,i ?9k all saddle horses %\ld be brok5 to drive1 = !re are _m occasions :5 !y w be m useful to _! own]s 9 h>ness ?an "u saddle1 & x is f> bett] :5 "o _c ride to ex]cise "o's saddle horse by driv+ x to a light trap ?an to h x ridd5 by a groom or a /rang]4 ,9 ?is c\ntry x is almo/ impossible to f9d a groom ) 8h&s10 & "o's own saddle horse %\ld be kept = "o's own rid+ exclusively4 ,moreov]1 if "o has 8h&s10 "o has !m q z mu* 9 driv+ z 9 rid+1 & ! horse w always feel t he is "u 8 mi/ress's own control4 ,( c\rse "o w\ld nev] ?9k ( tak+ a s*ool$ & beautifully gait$ saddle horse & mak+ him into a h>ness drudge1 b occasional light "w 9 ! %afts w d "o's horse f> m good ?an h>m4 ,:ile e saddle horse %\ld g well 9 h>ness1 x does n foll[ t e h>ness horse %\ld g well "u saddle1 = ! recogniz$ type ( h>ness horse is utt]ly unsuit$ to ! saddle4 ,x is n a "q ( tra9+2 no am\nt ( tra9+ c\ld make ! /iff-neck$1 flat-)]$1 heavy-%\ld]$ h>ness type into a saddle horse4 ,he has be5 br$ = g5]ations = dragg+ & n = c>ry+1 & he is an entirely di/9ct type f ! saddle horse4 ,s we f9d t ! comb9ation horse ought to be r a saddle horse t c be driv5 ?an a h>ness horse t c be ridd51 &1 = ! %[ r+1 ! ideal comb9ation horse is really a p>k hack well brok5 to h>ness4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lightfoot1 ,,w9n] ,,( ,,ladies' ,,saddle ,,class ,,at ,,age ,,( ,,tw5ty-,,?ree ,a good polo pony is a treasure 9 any /able4 ,= a c\ntry hack he is excell5t1 giv+ a good ride1 nev] tir+ y1 & nev] be+ tir$ himself4 ,8 e>ly tra9+ makes him unusually quick to re9 & v bridle-wise4 ,once get us$ to 8 quickness & y are sure to enjoy him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%[ ,,pony ,! type ( polo pony has *ang$ 9 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 z ! game is s mu* fa/] ?an x 04 ,=m]ly ! limit ( height 0 f\rte5 h&s4 ,n[ x is #ad4c4 ,! type us$ to be a /ocky1 r heavily built pony1 m ( ! type ( an ,engli% cob ) a dock$ tail1 su* z we see 9 ! e>ly polo pr9ts4 ,n[ !y h a great deal ( ?or\ghbr$ blood & _m ( !m are ?ree-qu>t] br$1 & h1 ( c\rse1 ! *>act]i/ics ( t type4 ,_m ponies :i* are too hot-blood$ = use 9 ! polo field1 or :o are 8mallet %y10 make ideal rid+ hacks & are easily brok5 to h>ness4 ,su* ponies c (t5 be pick$ up at great b>ga9s & made z useful a pony z "o c well h at any price4 ,9 ^! days wom5 are beg9n+ to play polo1 & x goes )\t say+ t !re is no diff]5ce 9 ! type ( polo pony = a woman's use f t = a man's4 ,!re is an exceptionally good type ( pony :i* has n appe>$ to any ext5t 9 ?is c\ntry1 commonly kn[n z ! ,iri% pony4 ,?is is a cross betwe5 a ?or\ghbr$ & a half-br$ hackney1 ! small size be+ ga9$1 ( c\rse1 ?r\gh ! hackney cross ) ! pony4 ,!y h mu* ( ! f95ess ( ! ?or\ghbr$ & a great deal ( ! sub/ance ( ! hackney4 ,!y h trem5d\s endurance1 are rem>kably good comb9ation horses1 c (t5 jump a bit1 & c be ridd5 & driv5 all day long by any lady1 & v (t5 are s g5tle t a *ild c ride !m4 ,z a comb9ation pony !y _c be excell$1 & !y are p>ticul>ly useful to help out 9 a small /able1 z !y c be us$ = /ation "w & = tak+ ! *ildr5 to ! bea*1 & all t sort ( ?+4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 v high-pric$ & h>d to pick up at a b>ga94 ,illu/ration3 ,,polo ,,pony ,note ! polo co/ume ,! safe/ & mo/ reliable pony1 f my exp]i5ce1 = a *ild to beg9 on is an old polo pony :i* has be5 ridd5 = "s "t by a woman & has n _h ! excitem5t ( ! polo field = _m a ye>4 ,if "o wants1 h[ev]1 a small] pony ?an ?is = a *ild1 ! be/ type to my m9d is ! ,wel% pony4 ,!y are f> m g5tle & bett] = *ildr5's use ?an ! ,%etl& pony1 & are mu* m reliable4 ,i consid] ! k9d ( ,%etl& pony t "o f9ds 9 ?is c\ntry a trea*]\s & /ubborn little bea/4 ,( c\rse a pure-br$ ,%etl& pony :i* has be5 prop]ly brok5 is ideal = a *ild bo? to ride & to drive1 b ! pure-br$ ones are kept on ! o!r side4 ,x is almo/ impossible to f9d !m 9 ?is c\ntry & v few ( !m are br$ "h4 ,my exp]i5ce ) !m is t !y are n safe = *ildr5 to ride or drive4 ,( c\rse1 !y are s small t if !y h a good load beh9d !m & a reliable man to drive !m1 !y _c d mu* h>m1 & !y c]ta9ly h great capacity = "w4 ,!y live to a great age & require b little c>e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wel% ,,pony4 ,,! ,,be/ ,,type ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,! ,,selection ,,( ,a ,,saddle ,,horse ,hav+ decid$ on ! type ( horse t "o wants1 ! next ?+ is :]e to f9d him4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important po9ts to be> 9 m9d1 & "o (t5 ov]look$ 9 select+ a saddle horse1 is n only t he c be b t he %\ld be becom+ to ! rid]1 & ?is becom+ness dep5ds l>gely ^u ! horse & rid] be+ 9 prop] proportion to ea* o!r4 ,x is bett] t ! horse %\ld be too l>ge & too heavy r ?an too small & too light4 ,= in/ance1 :ile a tall woman looks out ( proportion on a small horse & a /\t woman ridicul\s1 a small woman c look sm>t on a l>ge horse & a woman :o weighs little may look well on a weight c>ri]4 ,/ill1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ,i w\ld advise t ! *oice be giv5 to a horse proportion$ to ! rid]'s size & weight4 ,illu/ration3 ,,k5tucky ,,br$ ,,lady',s ,,rid+ ,,horse 7,,dixie7 ,n only ! horses !mselves b ! horse buy]s may be divid$ into classes4 ,!re is ! gre5 pur*as] ) pl5ty ( money & ! gre5 "o ) only a hundr$ or two to sp5d2 ! clev] buy] :o 8has an eye0 & ! buy] :o ?9ks %e 8has an eye40 ,! fir/ m5tion$ %\ld g to a high-class deal]1 rely on 8 advice1 & ?us be sure ( gett+ :at %e wants z long z %e is will+ to pay ! price4 ,! second ought to f9d some?+ 9 ! 8practically s\nd ones0 or among ! disc>d$ polo ponies4 ,! clev] buy] w fill h] wants any:]e1 9 ! auction m>ts1 on ! /ock f>ms1 at ! race track1 or ?r\gh a casual meet+ on ! road1 :ile ! "o :o ?9ks %e 8has an eye0 is a s\rce ( pr(it to o!rs if n to h]self4 ,! attitude ( ! public at l>ge t[>d ! horse deal] is to my ?9k+ mo/ unfair1 = reputable bus9ess me?ods are to be f\nd among !m q z mu* z 9 any o!r bus9ess or pr(ession4 ,if ! buy]'s exp]i5ce is limit$1 !re is no?+ 9 :i* %e c be s easily deceiv$ z 9 a horse4 ,!re=e1 ,i /rongly advise ! novice to g always to a deal] ( good /&+1 /ate frankly :at %e is look+ =1 h[ mu* %e is will+ to pay1 & put h]self 9 8 h&s )\t affect+ k :i* %e lacks4 ,:5 y g to a deal] ( /&+ y may be confid5t t hav+ acquir$ a high reputation he w ma9ta9 x1 & w n sell y a horse o!r ?an he repres5ts x4 ,if y g to a 8gyp0 deal] y mu/ keep y\r eyes op5 & rely on a vet]9>y ( y\r own selection1 c\pl$ ) ! advice ( "s fri5d :o has real k ( horses2 o!rwise y are putt+ y\rself at ! m]cy ( ! k9d ( man :o has giv5 horse-deal]s at l>ge ! unfair reputation 9 :i* !y are held by ! public4 ,c]ta9ly ! novice %\ld n expect to get 8some?+ = no?+10 & ,i w\ld /rongly advise ! buy] to make up h] m9d t x is bett] economy 9 ! long run to pay a good price = :at %e wants ?an to buy some?+ *eap & 9 a %ort "t h to sell x = ev5 less ?an %e may h paid4 ,illu/ration3 ,,po9ts ,,( ,a ,,horse #a--,! ,e>4 #b--,! ,poll4 #c--,! ,=ehead4 #d--,! ,nose4 #e--,! ,no/ril4 #f--,! ,lip4 #g--,! ,*eek4 #h--,! ,cre/4 #i--,side ( ,neck4 #aj--,l[] ,bord] ( ,neck4 #aa--,! ,%\ld]4 #ab--,! ,)]s4 #ac--,! ,brisket4 #ad--,! ,arm4 #ae--,! ,=e>m4 #af--,! ,elb[4 #ag--,! ,*e/nut4 #ah--,! ,knee4 #ai--,! ,canon4 #bj--,! ,fetlock4 #ba--,! ,pa/]n4 #bb--,! ,coronet4 #bc--,! ,ho(4 #bd--,! ,back4 #be--,! ,lo9s4 #bf--,! ,cr\p4 #bg--,! ,buttock4 #bh--,! ,fir/ ,?igh4 #bi--,! ,second ,?igh4 #cj--,! ,gask94 #ca--,po9t ( ,hock4 #cb--,! ,inn] ,face ( ,hock4 #cc--;,h9d] ,canon4 #cd--,ne> ,h9d ,fetlock4 #ce--,ne> ,h9d ,pa/]n4 #cf--,ribs & ,*e/ ,wall4 #ch--;,inn] ,side ( ,?igh4 #ci--,?roat4 #dj--,top ,l9e ( ,body4 #da--,position ( ,ergot on ,fetlock4 #db--,/ifle4 ,) reg>d to ! prices *>g$ by reputable deal]s1 "o mu/ be> 9 m9d ! value ( a horse's education1 all ! *ances ( sickness & ( ! developm5t ( uns\ndness :i* ! deal] has _h to take1 ! great exp5se ( a deal]'s e/abli%m5t 9 a l>ge city1 & ! _m h&s ?r\gh :i* a horse has probably pass$ be=e he has come into ! deal]'s possession4 ,!re is n only ! fir/ co/ ( ! horse b also ! exp5se ( %ipp+ him f ! c\ntry--:]e he 0 rais$--into ! city2 ! co/ ( keep+ him !re until he is condition$ & has pass$ ?r\gh ! dang]s ( acclimatization--t is1 sickness caus$ by *ange ( climate1 ( wat]1 etc4--! risk ( break+ him to unaccu/om$ sights1 & ! long p]iod ( tra9+ & develop+ into a s*ool$ & mann]$ saddle horse4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,we/]n ,,p>k ,,hack 7,,p9k ,,lady7 ,once ! type has be5 decid$ on1 :e!r x is a rid+ horse1 a driv+ horse1 or a comb9ation horse1 ! buy] mu/ next det]m9e :e!r %e kn[s en\gh to be able to tru/ to h] own judgm5t1 &1 if n1 :e!r %e kn[s "s "o :o has suffici5t k to be able to advise h] or :e!r %e mu/ rely entirely ^u ! deal]4 ,%e mu/1 ( c\rse1 be sure t any "o on ^: advice %e relies n only has suffici5t k b is entirely dis9t]e/$4 ,if y decide to rely on a deal]1 x is f> ! be/ way to pick out y\r deal]1 g to him1 & !n1 if he has n j :at y want1 ask him to get x = y in/ead ( go+ y\rself to o!r deal]s4 ,?is n only saves "t1 b ! deal] has a v mu* wid] *oice ?an y c\ld possibly h y\rself1 & x is my exp]i5ce t by ?is me?od y w n h to pay any m ?an y w\ld if y w5t /raight to ! deal] :o has ! animal t y want4 ,9 buy+ a high-pric$ horse ,i w\ld be sure t he c>ri$ out all ! conditions dem&$ by 8 type3 t he possess$ beauty & good con=mation1 t he 0 free f blemi%1 t 8 mann]s 7 p]fect1 8 disposition good1 & 8 age n less ?an five nor m ?an eight4 ,a horse y\ng] ?an five is little m ?an a colt & m liable to injury & blemi% ?an an ag$ horse1 & eight ye>s is a good b\nd>y age1 n only f a po9t ( usefulness1 b z a matt] ( inve/m5t z well4 ,!re is a popul> prejudice aga9/ pay+ a big price = an ag$ horse 78ag$0 be+ ! t]m appli$ to a horse aft] 8 eigh? ye>72 t is1 unless he is a %[ animal ) a li/ ( w9n+s to 8 cr$it & b\ght to be %[n4 ,a horse to h good con=mation %\ld %[ a nic5ess ( proportion 9 all 8 p>ts4 ,con=mation 9 a saddle horse calls = a nice head1 & a long1 flexible1 & cre/$ neck--nev] a ewe-neck4 ,look+ f ! )]s d[nw>d he %\ld pres5t a n>r[ appe>ance1 = %>p1 well-def9$ )]s are mo/ necess>y = ! prop] c>ry+ ( a side-saddle1 :ile gradually slop+ %\ld]s hold ! saddle 9 place & g ) good gaits & g5]al h&9ess & quickness4 ,! back %\ld be 9 proportion to ! re/ ( ! horse1 & %ort r ?an long4 ,a v long back is usually a sign ( weakness & m>s ! g5]al appe>ance1 b ne>ly z bad is ! back t is too %ort4 ,?is is g5]ally accompani$ by a v r\nd b>rel1 flat )]s1 ?ick %\ld]s1 & a g5]al undesirable *unk9ess4 ,! sway-back & ! roa*-back mu/ also be reject$4 ,! =m] makes ! prop] adju/m5t ( ! saddle difficult & gives an awkw>d 8dipp+ back feel+0 to ! rid]1 especially :5 po/+4 ,! roa*-back is ! o!r extreme & makes h] feel z if %e 7 dipp+ =w>d4 ,! b>rel %\ld be well ribb$ & ! qu>t]s mu/ n slope nor ! tail be set too l[ or ! top l9e w be de/roy$4 8,mann]s0 9 a horse mean p]fection ( tra9+1 fe>lessness1 & a w subs]vi5t to t ( ! rid]1 b d n mean a brok5 _s4 ,! _s %\ld be !re1 b x %\ld be "u control4 ,:5 y h f\nd a horse t 8pleases y\r eye10 h him %[n to y at a walk1 trot1 & cant]1 :i* w give y an opportunity ( /udy+ 8 appe>ance 9 motion & 8 mann]s g5]ally4 ,:ile at 8 gaits look at him f 9 front & f beh9d z well z f ! side2 t is1 h him ridd5 t[>d y & away f y z well z pa/ y at all 8 gaits4 ,h him *ange f ! walk to ! cant] & see h[ quickly & readily he *anges4 ,h him /& = a few m9utes & h him back$ = at lea/ six /eps1 & !n h him ridd5 a %ort di/ance at a fa/ cant] & see h[ easily he re9s d[n4 ,m\nt him y\rself two or ?ree times4 ,a horse t w n /& quietly & t fusses :ile y m\nt & dism\nt is a nuisance2 back+ is a good te/ = re>+1 & re9+ 9 quickly is usually a sign ( a light m\?4 ,nev] buy a pull]2 !y are ru9ation to h&s1 pleasure1 & temp]2 s see t ! horse y are look+ at is bitt$ lightly1 t he we>s ! ord9>y d\ble bridle ) curb bit & bridoon1 & t ! curb *a9 is n fa/5$ too tight4 ,bew>e ( animals t are %[n to y ) tight noseb&s & tight curb *a9s1 spoon bits1 gag snaffles1 etc41--^! are signs ( 8pull]s40 ,equally bad is ! horse ) no m\? at all1 = he is (t5 a re>] or a jibb]4 ,i l to see a horse tra9$ to be ridd5 ) an ev5 pressure on bo? curb & snaffle1 z describ$ 9 ! *apt] on h&s4 ,:ile ! horse is be+ ridd5 = y to look at1 wat* closely h[ he h&les himself2 see t 8 walk is free1 8 trot bold & well balanc$1 & 8 action true all-r\nd4 ,by ?is ,i mean t 8 hock action mu/ be 9 keep+ ) 8 front action4 ,a high-/epp+ horse w give y a good ride if he uses 8 hocks equally well1 b a horse t is high-go+ 9 front & /iff & draggy 9 ! hocks is impossible4 ,see t he nei!r 8di%es out0 nor 8paddles10 & t he does n travel s closely t !re is dang] ( 8 cross+ 8 legs4 ,avoid ! horse t /ret*es too f> 9 front & 8po9ts0 or 8dwells10 =1 except to a v good rid]1 ^! v>iations ( ! gait are uncom=table4 ,!y also c\nt aga9/ a horse 9 ! %[ r+4 ,8 tra9+ & ! tru5ess ( 8 way ( go+ hav+ be5 prov$1 he mu/ next be tri$ = c\rage4 ,if 9 ! city1 h him ridd5 pa/ automobiles1 trolley c>s1 /eam drills1 & elevat$ roads2 if 9 ! c\ntry1 pa/ automobiles1 railroad tra9s1 m[+ ma*9es1 /eam roll]s1 or any unusual or noisy object1 & 9 bo? city & c\ntry see t he m9ds /range s\nds1 su* z automobile horns1 /eam :i/les1 etc41 no m ?an /range sights4 ,! trial hav+ gone satisfactorily ?us f>1 h him saddl$ ) y\r own saddle & be=e m\nt+1 ask ! own] = po9ts on ! be/ way ( rid+ him4 ,diff]5t horses h diff]5t little peculi>ities1 & may h be5 taught by v>i\s signals4 ,! p]son :o has _h exp]i5ce ) t p>ticul> animal c give y valuable h9ts z to 8 tra9+ & ! signals = *ang+ gaits1 etc41 to :i* he is accu/om$4 ,! horse be+ n[ ready = y1 m\nt him & />t him (f quietly2 fir/ walk him1 !n try 8 trot & 8 cant]1 & if ! gaits prove pleasant ! next /ep is ! 8vett+40 ,/allions1 ev5 ! mo/ tractable ( !m1 are n suitable = wom5 ei!r to ride or drive4 ,! *oice ( a horse %\ld !re=e be conf9$ to m>es & geld+s4 ,!re are _m :o consid] ! geld+ pref]able to ! m>e1 b ) ?is ,i d n q agree4 ,! m>e has a peculi> lightness ( foot1 vivacity1 & lan :i* are seldom if ev] f\nd 9 ! geld+4 ,,rid+ ,,& ,,driv+ ,,= ,,wom5 ,,"p ,,ii--,,driv+ ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,=m ,be=e /epp+ into ! trap1 ! horsewoman %\ld make x a habit to inspect ! horse1 h>ness1 & trap1 & see t ev]y?+ is z x %\ld be3 t ! horse is prop]ly put to1 t ! bit is "r1 t ! gir?s are nei!r too tight nor too loose1 t ! traces are nei!r too long nor too %ort1 & if !re is a /op on ! %aft t x is j back ( ! tug4 ,be sure also t ! trap is prop]ly turn$ out1 t ! rubb]s are 91 t !re is no accumulation ( du/1 t ! nuts on ! :eels are tight1 & t e detail has be5 prop]ly att5d$ to4 ,n only is ?is a wise precaution to use ) hir$ traps1 b x %[s y\r own coa*man t y "k :at y are ab\t1 & x keeps him up to 8 "w4 ,hav+ made ?is inspection1 :i* ought really to be done at a glance1--except t a c>eful exam9ation %\ld always be made ( ! horse's head to be sure t ! curb *a9 is nei!r too loose nor too tight1 ! bit n too f> up nor too f> d[n1 & ! m\?piece ! wid? ( ! horse's m\?--nei!r too wide nor too n>r[--& t ! *eck or be>+ re91 if "o is us$1 is n too tight1--! next ?+ is to /ep into ! trap4 ,if y are driv+ a lady's trap1 su* z a ,george ,,iv1 a ,pet]s'1 or a basket phaeton1 ! groom :o has driv5 ! trap up f ! /able %\ld1 be=e gett+ out1 h left ! re9s across ! middle ( ! da% ) ! end ( ! re9s on ! seat1 & ! :ip to ! left ( ! re9s1 lean+ aga9/ ! seat & po9t+ to ! re>4 ,! groom %\ld !n /& at ! horse's head4 ,y %\ld /ep into ! trap ) ! left foot1 putt+ ! "r foot on ! /ep1 !n sit d[n1 & at ! same "t ga!r ! re9s 9 ! left h& & ! :ip 9 ! "r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,george ,,iv ,,phaeton ,note t ! horse is too l>ge = ! trap ,illu/ration3 ,,inspection ,,( ,,! ,,h>ness ,illu/ration3 ,,gett+ ,,l5g? ,,( ,,! ,,re9s ,if y are driv+ a runab\t or a c>t1 or any o!r ?an a di/9ctly lady's trap1 ! groom %\ld leave ! :ip 9 ! socket & %\ld pass ! re9s d\bl$ ?r\gh ! (f t]ret ( ! pad f re> to front 9 su* a way t ! buckle end ( ! re9s w hang ev5 ) ! loop4 ,y %\ld g to ! (f-side ( ! horse & draw ! re9s ?r\gh ! t]ret ) ! left h&2 !n take ! re9s 9 ! "r h&1 ! ne> re9 "u ! =ef+] & ! (f re9 "u ! ?ird f+]1 ) ! ends com+ out betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,!n y take ! re9s j beyond ! "r h& 9 ! left1 ! ne> re9 betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] & ! (f re9 betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s1 ! ends pass+ d[n ! palm ( ! h& & out by ! little f+]4 ,!n /ep back until y are opposite ! da%1 lett+ ! re9s slip ?r\gh bo? h&s1 & !n1 ) ! "r h&1 pull !m ?r\gh ! left a little m until !y are at ! l5g? :i* !y w be :5 y are 9 ! seat1 & v lightly feel ! horse's m\?4 ,!n take ! :ip out ( ! socket ) ! "r h& & transf] ! re9s to ! "r h& 9 ! same position z ,i h describ$ above1 & /ep into ! trap4 ,take hold ( ! da% ) ! "r h&1 & put ! "r foot on ! /ep & /ep into ! trap ) ! left foot1 & if necess>y assi/ y\rself by plac+ ! left h& on ! seat :5 y are 9 ! act ( /epp+ 94 ,sit d[n on ! driv+ seat & take ! re9s 9 ! left h& 9 ! position describ$ above1 keep+ ! :ip 9 ! "r h&4 ,s f>1 exactly ! same ?+s are done :e!r y are driv+ a pair or a s+le horse4 ,) a pair y %\ld n h ! :ip laid across ! horses' backs1 z y w\ld 9 driv+ f\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/epp+ ,,into ,,! ,,trap ,= ladies' traps ,i pref] ! squ>e1 almo/ level driv+ cu%ion to ! slant+ "o1 z x is m com=table & gives a woman a m di/9ctive appe>ance4 ,= c\ntry traps1 & p>ticul>ly = high c>ts1 a slant+ cu%ion may be m suitable4 ,illu/ration3 8,,or?odox0 ,,position ,,( ,,re9s ,,& ,,:ip ,:5 driv+1 x is mo/ important t a woman %\ld sit correctly4 ,%e %\ld hold h]self erect1 )\t /iffness2 h] feet %\ld be toge!r & h] knees slightly b5t4 ,%e %\ld nei!r sit ) h] knees /raight nor1 :at is worse1 be p]*$ on ! edge ( ! seat ) h] feet back2 %e %\ld nev] :ile driv+ loll aga9/ ! back ( ! seat1 & %e %\ld look z ?\gh %e 7 driv+ & n z if %e 7 be+ driv54 ,illu/ration3 8,,mod]n0 ,,position ,,( ,,re9s ,,) ,,loop ,!re are only two correct ways to hold ! re9s :5 driv+1 & s _m p hold !m incorrectly t ,i w describe !m 9 detail4 ,! two re9s %\ld always be held 9 ! left h&1 ! ne> re9 betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]1 ! (f re9 betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s1 & ! ends pass+ d[n & out by ! little f+]4 ,! re9s %\ld be gripp$ by ! f+]s hold+ ! edges ( ! re9s aga9/ ! cu%ion ( ! h&1 & %\ld n be held by squeez+ ! flat surfaces ( ! re9s betwe5 ! f+]s1 & !y %\ld be held tightly en\gh s t !y w n slip1 b n s tightly z to cramp & tire ! f+]s4 ,hold+ ! re9s 9 ?is way1 well d[n into ! f+]s & z close to ! knuckles z possible1 insures a firm grip & makes x easy to guide to ! "r or ! left by m]ely turn+ ! back ( ! h& d[n or up4 ,! left upp] arm %\ld be v]tical1 ! left =e>m horizontal1 ! h& turn$ 9 at ! wri/1 & held ab\t six or eight in*es 9 front ( ! body4 ,! "r h& %\ld be held 9 a correspond+ position ab\t f\r or five in*es f ! left h&4 ,! :ip %\ld be balanc$ 9 ! palm ( ! "r h&1 pass+ betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] s z to leave all ! f+]s free to grasp ! re9s if ne$ be4 ,x %\ld be c>ri$ at an angle ( =ty-five degrees1 & po9t t[>d ! left & front4 ,! la% ( ! :ip1 = s+le & pair horse driv+1 %\ld always be free4 ,! !ory ( correct driv+ is t ! left h& is to hold ! re9s1 ! "r h& to hold ! :ip & to assi/ ! left h& 9 %ort5+ ! re9s & 9 turn+ & /opp+4 ,! me?od ( hold+ ! re9s 9 ! left h&1 & keep+ ! "r h& only to assi/ ! left1 z ,i h describ$1 is t laid d[n by ne>ly all ! recogniz$ au?orities on driv+1#a & = conv5i5ce ,i w call x ! or?odox me?od4 ,footnote #a3 8,driv+ ,z ,i ,h ,f\nd ,x10 by ,frank ,swales1 pp4 #id-ajj2 8,h[ ,to ,drive10 by ,capta9 ,morley-,knight1 pp4 #bd-bh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,= ,,%ort5+ ,,re9s ,a v>iation on ?is me?od has1 h[ev]1 be5 introduc$ rec5tly1 & is n[ g5]ally adopt$ by _m ( ! be/ :ips1 bo? 9 ,engl& & ?is c\ntry1 & is almo/ univ]sally us$ 9 ! %[ r+1 :]e x is consid]$ ! correct =m4 ,= conv5i5ce ,i %all ref] to ?is z ! mod]n me?od4 ,9 ?is me?od1 :ile ! re9s are held 9 ! left h& z ,i h describ$1 ! (f re9 is all[$ to slip ?r\gh ! second & ?ird f+]s ab\t five or six in*es1 & is held 9 ! "r h&1 pass+ "u ! little f+] & com+ out betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s4 ,! "r h& is held ab\t ?ree or f\r in*es f ! left & symmetrically to x2 ! portion ( ! re9s betwe5 ! "r & left h& is slightly loose4 ,! :ip is held 9 ! "r h& exactly z ,i h describ$1 s t ! =ef+] ( ! "r h& is ext5d$ & ! o!r ?ree f+]s clos$ on ! re91 ! ?ird f+] & little f+] hold+ x tightly & ! second f+] loosely4 ,! re9s are habitually held 9 ?is way1 & ! horse is guid$ to ! "r by pull+ ) ! "r h& on ! (f re91 & is guid$ to ! left by turn+ ! back ( ! left h& up &1 if necess>y1 mov+ ! "r h& slightly =w>d & ! left h& slightly back1 s z to loos5 ! (f re9 & tight5 ! ne> re94 ,if1 h[ev]1 :5 driv+ 9 ?is way any occasion arises = us+ ! :ip1 ! (f re9 mu/ be fir/ %ort5$ 9 ! left h& by pu%+ x ?r\gh ! second & ?ird f+]s f ! front ) ! "r h&4 ,! "r h& !n lets g ( ! (f re9 & ! :ip is us$ z ,i h describ$4 ,?is me?od ( driv+ is n[ taught by ! be/ pr(essionals4 ,x looks sm>t] ?an ! o!r me?od1 & :5 ! re9s are held 9 ?is way ! horse is "u bett] control1 & c be turn$ m quickly & at a prop] angle1 & ) less app>5t movem5t ( ! h&1 & ) well-tra9$ & prop]ly bitt$ horses x is probably ! be/ me?od to adopt4 ,b ) gre5 or ill-tra9$ horses x is n an advisable me?od1 because x takes a little long] to %ort5 ! re9s ?an ! or?odox me?od1 :]e ! "r h& is free & c imm$iately be plac$ 9 front ( ! left4 ,:e!r bo? h&s are on ! re9s or n1 ! re9s %\ld always measure ! same l5g? & %\ld nev] be all[$ to slip ?r\gh ! f+]s4 ,! horse's head %\ld always be kept /raight1 & to d ?is ! h&s mu/ be held level4 ,! :ip mu/ always be held 9 ! "r h&2 ! horse mu/ nev] be t\*$ ) ! :ip :ile ! "r h& is on ! re9s4 ,! :ip %\ld be us$ sp>+ly1 & x is mu* m likely to be too mu* us$ ?an too little4 ,x is us$ m 9 driv+ a pair ?an 9 driv+ a s+le horse1 z "o horse (t5 lags beh9d ! o!r & x may be necess>y to use x on him to keep him up1 ?\gh ?is %\ld be done r by prop] bitt+ ?an by ! use ( ! :ip4 ,be=e us+ a :ip1 h[ev]1 = puni%m5t1 be sure y hold ! re9s firmly 9 ! left h& & t ! horse is well ga!r$1 o!rwise he w />t =w>d :5 y :ip him & may get away f y4 ,9 fact1 x is mo/ important always to ga!r ! re9s well 9 ! left h& be=e ev5 t\*+ y\r horse ) ! :ip1 z o!rwise y w h ! horse go+ 9 a s]ies ( jumps1 :i* is n only v bad =m b uncom=table = e "o 9 ! trap4 ,i _c insi/ too /rongly on ! necessity ( hav+ bo? re9s securely held 9 ! left h& & ! horse well ga!r$ be=e us+ ! :ip1 = if y t\* ! horse ) ! :ip ) ! (f re9 9 ! "r h&1 y are sure to slack5 t re9 & ?us cause ! horse to turn to ! left4 ,moreov]1 if ! horse />ts1 y are n 9 a position to control him4 ,to pull horses up & to /op !m1 y mu/ fir/ see t ! re9s are held ev5ly 9 ! left h&2 !n place ! "r h& z f> 9 front ( ! left z may be necess>y4 ,if y "k t ! horse has a h>d m\? & does n /op readily1 ! "r h& mu/ be a foot or ev5 m 9 front ( ! left1 :ile ) a horse t is light m\!d & /ops quickly x %\ld be only a few in*es4 ,! "r h& is plac$ ov] bo? re9s--"s sep>ate ! re9s by ! ?ird & little f+]s1 o!rs put ! little f+] on top ( bo? re9s--& ! left h& is rais$ & c>ri$ =w>d1 at ! same "t ! "r h& is br\ght back s z to br+ ! left h& above & directly ov] ! "r4 ,! horse %\ld n1 ( c\rse1 be re9$ 9 ) any sudd5 j]k1 b only by a g5tle & gradually increas+ pressure1 :i* is accompli%$ mu* m easily by ?is me?od ( lay+ ! "r h& on ! re9s ?an x c\ld be by pull+ ! re9s ) ! arms or body4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pull+ ,,up ,no?+ looks worse or is su* bad =m1 9 /opp+ horses1 z to pull ! re9s 9 t[>d ! body1 z is s (t5 done by ^? :o d n und]/& driv+4 ,n only does ?is look badly1 b x is dang]\s1 = x leaves ! driv] ) no control :atev] ov] ! horses z soon z h] h&s come up to h] body4 ,!re is no way by :i* %e c take up any m slack except by lean+ s f> back t %e looks z if %e 7 fall+ ov] backw>d4 ,9 ! correct me?od ( /opp+1 :i* ,i h describ$1 if n en\gh slack has be5 tak5 up at fir/1 m c be tak5 by simply slipp+ ! "r h& fur!r along ! re9s & c>ry+ ! left h& high] & m to ! front1 & ?r\gh\t ! :ole op]ation ! two h&s %\ld n be c>ri$ fur!r to ! re> ?an !y 7 :5 y began4 ,:ile ?is is1 & always has be51 ! correct me?od ( pull+ up1 x is a/oni%+ h[ few rememb] to use x1 ev5 9 classes 9 ! %[ r+1 :]e driv+ c\nts4 ,ano!r great advantage ( ?is me?od is t x is v simil> to t us$ 9 pull+ up a t&em or a f\r1 & x is be/ to acquire ! habit ( correct driv+ = a s+le horse & = a pair1 :i* w n h to be alt]$ :5 y take up driv+ f\r-9-h& & t&em4 ,if y wi% to turn to ! left1 :5 driv+ ) :at ,i h call$ ! or?odox me?od1 y %\ld take ! ne> re9 9 ! "r h& betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s a few in*es 9 front ( ! left h& & pull g5tly ) ! "r h&1 keep+ ! left h& z x 0 or advanc+ x slightly s z to loos5 ! (f re92 !n1 z ! horse is complet+ ! turn1 gradually relax ! hold ) ! "r h&1 & :5 ! turn is f9i%$ let g ) ! "r h&4 ,9 turn+ to ! "r ! (f re9 %\ld be ga!r$ 9 ! "r h& "u ! little f+]1 a few in*es 9 front ( ! left1 & ! horse pull$ to ! "r by ! "r h& simil>ly to ! way ,i h describ$ = turn+ to ! left4 ,9 bo? ! 8or?odox0 & 8mod]n0 me?ods1 to %ort5 ! re9s 9 ord] to keep horses "u bett] control or to sl[ !m d[n1 ! re9s mu/ fir/ be ev5ly held 9 ! left h&2 !n ! "r h& is plac$ 9 front ( ! left1 ! (f re9 "u ! little f+]1 ! ne> re9 betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s1 & ! re9s are !n grasp$ firmly 9 ! "r h& & drawn back & pu%$ ?r\gh ! left h&4 ,x is bad =m1 9 %ort5+ ! re9s1 to take ! re9s beh9d ! left h& & pull !m ?r\gh ) ! "r1 ?\gh ?r\gh c>elessness _m d x4 ,if !re is occasion to %ort5 ! re9s m ?an a few in*es1 in/ead ( pu%+ ?r\gh1 let g ) ! left h& & aga9 grasp ! re9s ) ! left h& 9 front ( ! "r1 & !n1 if necess>y1 cont9ue to pull 9 h& ov] h&4 ,if 9 ! act ( turn+ a corn]1 or mak+ any turn1 !re %\ld be occasion to use ! :ip1 z sometimes happ5s1 p>ticul>ly 9 pair driv+1 a 8po9t0 may be tak5 on ! re9 on ! side t[>d :i* ! turn is be+ made3 ?us1 if turn+ to ! left1 take ! ne> re9 9 ! "r h& betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s & loos5 ! hold ( ! left ?umb on ! ne> re9 = a mom5t1 c>ry ! "r h& up to ! left h&1 & !n place ! ?umb on ! re9 s z to =m a loop1 !n let g ) ! "r h&4 ,?is leaves ! "r h& free to use ! :ip1 & holds ! ne> re9 suffici5tly to keep ! horse turn+4 ,if !re is too mu* pressure1 relax ! left ?umb & let ! loop slip a little4 ,simil>ly1 9 turn+ to ! "r1 grasp ! (f re9 "u ! little f+] ( ! "r h& & pu% x back1 lett+ x slip betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s ( ! left h& until a loop is =m$ to ! re> ( ! f+]s1 !n close ! left ?umb on ?is loop & let g ) ! "r h&1 :i* is !n free z be=e4 ,?is loop1 if too mu* re9 has be5 tak5 up1 c be all[$ to slip ?r\gh ! f+]s ( ! left h& z mu* z may be necess>y4 ,9 mak+ a turn x is n "u any circum/ances advisable to use ! :ip :ile ei!r re9 is 9 ! "r h&2 x is mu* bett] n to use ! :ip until ! turn is complet$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,basket ,,phaeton ,,george ,,iv ,,basket ,,phaeton ,,cut-,,"u ,,lady',s ,,trap ,,george ,,iv ,,phaeton ,,pet]s' ,,phaeton ,,runab\t ,,/yles ,,( ,,ladies' ,,traps1 ,,c\ntry ,,& ,,t[n ,to l5g!n ! re9s1 d n let !m slip ?r\gh ! left h&1 b take !m 9 ! "r h&1 ! (f re9 "u ! little f+]1 & ! ne> re9 betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s imm$iately 9 front ( ! left h&2 !n close ! f+]s ( ! "r h& on ! re9s1 relax ! f+]s ( ! left h&1 & pull ! re9s ?r\gh ! left h& ) ! "r z f> z may be necess>y4 ,lett+ ! re9s slip ?r\gh ! left h& )\t ! assi/ance ( ! "r1 z ,i describ$1 is bad =m1 & is unsafe1 because !y may n slip ev5ly & !y might well slip too mu*4 ,besides t1 9 driv+ spirit$ horses x is mo/ important to h an ev5 pressure on ! bits & to feel _! m\?s all ! "t4 ,if ! re9s are all[$ to g1 ev5 = a mom5t1 z !y w\ld be 9 lett+ !m slip ?r\gh ! left h& )\t ! assi/ance ( ! "r1 ! horses w\ld "k x & be v apt to />t & ev5 to run4 ,all t ,i h said above ) reg>d to ! managem5t ( ! re9s1 applies equally to ! driv+ ( a pair or ( a s+le horse4 ,x does n apply to ! driv+ ( road/]s or trott+ horses1 z !y are diff]5tly tra9$ & driv5 9 an entirely diff]5t me?od4 ,9 le>n+ to drive1 unless "o is be+ taught by a pr(essional or o!r exp]i5c$ :ip1 ,i w\ld r advise beg9n+ ) ! 8or?odox0 me?od1 & ?us le>n+ ?or\ghly ! correct fundam5tal pr9ciples ( driv+1 :i* are ! same 9 bo? me?ods4 ,! 8mod]n0 is simply a v>iation on ! 8or?odox10 & ! dang] ( beg9n+ ) ! 8mod]n0 me?od is t ) ! (f re9 held 9 ! "r h&1 z ,i h describ$ on page #aii1 ! beg9n] may fall into ! v incorrect1 ?\gh common1 me?od ( hold+ a re9 9 ea* h&1 & s n h ! "r h& con/antly 9 read9ess to assi/ ! left 9 %ort5+ ! re9s1 9 pull+ up1 9 turn+1 & 9 ! use ( ! :ip4 ,! re9s %\ld nev] "u any circum/ances be held sep>ately1 "o 9 ea* h&1 =1 obvi\sly1 if !y are1 ! "r h& _c assi/ ! left1 ! :ip _c be us$1 ! horses c only be pull$ up to ! ext5t ( ! di/ance ( ! two h&s 9 front ( ! body1 & x is impossible to keep an ev5 pressure on bo? re9s2 "o h& w always pull m ?an ! o!r4 ,hold+ a re9 9 ea* h& violates ! fir/ & fundam5tal pr9ciple ( correct driv+--t ! two re9s mu/ at all times be held firmly 9 ! left h&4 ,x is ne$less to add t ! horse mu/ nev]1 "u any circum/ances1 be /ruck ) ! re9s4 ,:5 />t+1 ! horses %\ld fir/ be ga!r$ well 9 h&1 & !n1 at ! mom5t ( />t+1 giv5 _! heads by c>ry+ ! h&s =w>d4 ,_m driv]s make ! mi/ake ( try+ to />t ! horses by pull+ !m back in/ead ( giv+ !m _! heads4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/>t+ ,if y are driv+ 9 ! aft]noon1 & !re is any *ance ( y\r be+ out aft] d>k1 y %\ld always be sure t ! lamps are on ! trap & t !y h new c&les2 also1 9 c\ntry driv+1 be sure at all times t !re are tools "u ! seat1 includ+ a wr5*1 a ho( pick1 & mat*es4 ,9 us+ ! :ip nev] /rike a horse 9 front ( ! pad1 or on 8 belly or legs1 b always on 8 qu>t]s1 & d n use ! :ip unnecess>ily or keep up a con/ant tapp+ on ! horse4 8,tapp+0 is a v bad habit1 into :i* _m p fall1 & x completely spoils a horse1 z he becomes s accu/om$ to ! :ip t x produces no effect on him unless us$ ) viol5ce1 :i* %\ld seldom1 if ev]1 be necess>y4 ,if y\r horse is lazy1 in/ead ( con/antly tapp+ him1 give him "o vigor\s la%1 & accompany x by a decisive tone ( ! voice4 ,a few repetitions ( ?is w1 almo/ always1 cure 8 laz9ess1 & pres5tly ! voice alone w be suffici5t4 8,tapp+0 w only make ! horse m confirm$ 9 8 laz9ess4 ,9 driv+1 if y\r horse %ies1 y %\ld nev] :ip him2 y mu/ keep control ( him by a firm hold ( ! re9s1 & if possible drive him quietly up to ! object t he is afraid ( & make him pass x1 & if practicable make him pass x two or ?ree times until he has =gott5 8 fe>4 ,y mu/ h ! "r h& 9 read9ess to pull h>d on ! re9 opposite to ! side t[>d :i* he is %y+1 s z to avoid 8 ov]turn+ ! trap1 :i*1 incid5tally1 is ano!r demon/ration ( ! importance ( us+ ! correct me?od4 ,if y\r horse re>s1 give him 8 head imm$iately by loos5+ ! re9s1 & urge him =w>d ) voice or :ip1 or bo? if necess>y4 ,if he becomes uncontrollable & re>s ov] backw>d1 spr+ out ( ! trap on ! side opposite to t on :i* 8 legs are1 keep+ a firm hold ( ! re9s1 &1 z quickly z y c1 sit on 8 head4 ,d n let him attempt to get up until he is cle> ( ! trap4 ,9 driv+1 p>ticul>ly ) a s+le horse1 ! greate/ dang] is f kick+1 = once y\r horse beg9s to kick y are 9 great dang] 9 any k9d ( a trap1 except a break+ c>t1 :]e ! di/ance betwe5 ! driv] & ! horse is s great t he c kick freely )\t t\*+ ! body ( ! c>t4 ,( c\rse no woman %\ld kn[+ly drive a kick+ horse1 & if !re is any "q ab\t x %e %\ld always take ! precaution to use a kick+ /rap4 ,a kick+ /rap _c1 h[ev]1 be us$ 9 ! %[ r+1 b g5]ally its use on o!r occasions is advisable4 ,a kick+ /rap1 fitt+ tightly :5 ! horse is /&+1 ( c\rse effectually prev5ts a horse f kick+1 z he _c kick )\t fir/ rais+ 8 qu>t]s4 ,! kick+ /rap1 to be ( real s]vice1 mu/ be v /rong4 ,bad accid5ts h happ5$ ?r\gh ! kick+ /rap break+1 & a horse 9 ! act ( rais+ 8 qu>t]s to kick has great p[]4 ,9 driv+ gre5 horses s+le1 x is mu* saf] to use a high c>t ?an any k9d ( a f\r-:eel trap4 ,) a c>t1 ! horse _c1 ( c\rse1 cramp ! :eel1 & 9 a high c>t !re is mu* less dang] f 8 kick+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pull+ ,,re9s ,,?r\gh ,,t]ret ,,aft] ,,pull+ ,,up ,to get out ( a trap :5 y h no groom1 fir/ lay ! :ip on ! seat po9t+ t[>d ! back ( ! trap1 !n place ! re9s 9 ! "r h&1 tak+ !m up en\gh to feel ! horse's m\?4 ,grasp ! da% ) ! "r h& & /ep out ( ! trap backw>d1 ) ! "r foot on ! /ep1 ! left foot com+ fir/ to ! gr\nd2 !n /ep =w>d until opposite ! pad & put ! re9s ?r\gh ! (f t]ret 9 ! position describ$ on page #aig4 ,:51 h[ev]1 a s]vant is 9 att5dance1 he %\ld1 z soon z y pull up1 /& at ! horse's head2 y !n simply drop ! re9s ) ! left h& s t !y lie ov] ! da%2 ei!r lay ! :ip1 z above describ$1 to ! left ( ! re9s po9t+ to ! re>1 or else place x 9 ! socket2 !n /ep out ( ! trap1 fac+ =w>d1 ! left foot on ! /ep4 ,! s]vant !n /eps into ! trap on ! same side on :i* y h /epp$ out4 ,if ! horse w n /&1 x is q correct to /ep out =w>d1 keep+ ! re9s 9 ! left h&1 & !n to h& !m to ! s]vant :5 y h rea*$ ! gr\nd1 hav+ fir/ laid ! :ip on ! seat po9t+ to ! re>4 ,if y are driv+ a phaeton ) a s]vant on ! rumble1 he %\ld jump out z y beg9 to pull up & run to ! horse's head4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y\r horse is v n]v\s & w n /&1 x is q correct to h ! s]vant /ay on ! rumble1 & !n1 aft] y h pull$ up1 to pass ! re9s back to him on y\r left side4 ,!n place ! :ip 9 ! socket & /ep out1 fac+ =w>d4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,,& ,,t&em ,,driv+ ,z ?is book is limit$ 9 its scope to rid+ & driv+ = wom51 ,i %all n attempt to discuss f\r-9-h& & t&em driv+ 9 detail1 & = a v exhau/ive "w on f\r-9-h& driv+1 w\ld ref] ! read] to 8,a ,manual ( ,coa*+10 by ,fairman ,rog]s 7,philadelphia1 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co41 #aijj71 & to 8,driv+ = ,pleasure10 by ,frank ,und]hill 7,d4 ,appleton1 #ahig74 ,"o ( ! be/ %ort books on ! te*nique ( driv+ is 8,h9ts on ,driv+10 by ,capta9 ,c4 ,morley-,knight1 ,r4,a4 7,george ,bell ,sons1 ,london1 #ahie74 ,*apt] ,,vi ( t book describes 9 detail ! me?od ( hold+ & %ort5+ ! re9s 9 f\r-9-h& driv+1 & *apt] ,x ! same problem 9 t&em driv+4 ,l o!r ,engli% au?orities1 he1 h[ev]1 gives q a diff]5t position = ! "r h& 9 t&em driv+ f t 9 f\r-9-h& driv+1 :ile ! *ief ,am]ican writ]s1 & ne>ly all ! be/ :ips ( my acqua9tance1 advocate & use sub/antially ! same position ( ! "r h& 9 bo?4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,p]fectly ,,appo9t$ ,,road ,,coa* ,,) ,,po/ilion 7,,london-,,brighton1 #aijg7 ,illu/ration3 ,,position ,,( ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,,& ,,t&em ,,re9s ,,9 ,,left ,,h& #a4 ,ne> lead re9 #b4 ,(f lead re9 #c4 ,ne> :eel re9 #d4 ,(f :eel re9 ,be=e beg9n+ to drive ei!r t&em or f\r-9-h&1 x is absolutely ess5tial t y become pr(ici5t 9 h&l+ ! :ip1 & ,i w\ld /rongly advise le>n+ to 8cat* a ?ong10 by daily practice1 ei!r outside on ! gr\nd1 or1 bett] /ill1 on ! box ( ! coa* or driv+ seat ( ! c>t1 ( c\rse )\t ! horses4 ,by s do+ "o c conc5trate "o's m9d ^u ! ?ong )\t be+ di/ract$ ) ! managem5t ( ! re9s & ! movem5t ( ! horses4 ,! be/ & cle>e/ description :i* ,i h f\nd 9 any "w is 9 *apt] ,,xx ( 8,! ,private ,/able10 by ,james ,a4 ,g>l& 7,little1 ,br[n ,co41 ,bo/on1 #aijc71 & 9 describ+ h[ to cat* a d\ble ?ong ,i _c d bett] ?an to quote :at he says on pages #edf & #edg3 ,illu/ration3 ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,,h>ness 8,hold ! :ip horizontally 9 front ( y ) ! end ( ! ?ong held betwe5 ! h&le ( ! :ip & y\r f+]s4 ,face a wall or ! side ( a build+ & ) ! quill end ( ! :ip describe a lett] 8,s0 backw>d4 ,beg9 ) ! l[] tail ( ! lett]1 foll[+ its =m to ! upp] end4 ,don't move ! arm1 keep ! elb[ easily by ! side1 & direct ! movem5t ( ! :ip by turn+ ! wri/4 ,cont9ue to increase ! spe$ until ! ?ong falls 9 place4 ,at fir/ a %ort d[nw>d movem5t at ! end w facilitate ! accompli%m5t ( ?is some:at difficult feat4 8,ano!r me?od is to cat* ! ?ong ov] ! head in/ead ( 9 front or to ! side4 ,?is is done virtually by ! same movem5t1 ! imag9>y lett] 8,s0 be+ horizontally ov]head in/ead ( v]tically 9 front or to "o side4 8,/ill ano!r me?od involves a new movem5t4 ,hold ! :ip ) ! "r h& aga9/ ! wai/ & ! quill end well ar\nd to ! left & on a l9e ) ! top ( ! head4 ,c>ry ! /ick at ?is angle ar\nd to ! "r until 9 a l9e ) ! "r %\ld]4 ,9 s do+ raise ! "r h& gradually4 ,n[ drop ! quill end ( ! :ip until x is on a l9e ) ! h&le4 ,?is la/ movem5t %\ld be execut$ quickly s t ! end ( ! /ick /rikes ! ?ong on ! "r-h& side ( ! /ick4 8,:5 ! ?ong is caught1 x is w\nd ar\nd ! /ick 9 opposite directions4 ,! l[] end %\ld be unw\nd ) ! "r h&1 ! :ip be+ held betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] ( ! left h&4 ,! end ( ! ?ong %\ld be rew\nd 9 ! same direction z ! upp] "p & held 9 place by ! "r h&4 ,! loop %\ld be ab\t two feet & a half long & caught on ! quill "p ( ! /ick40 ,n until y are pr(ici5t en\gh to cat* ! ?ong ) c]ta9ty %\ld y attempt to drive ei!r f\r-9-h& or t&em1 & y w f9d1 ! mom5t t y take ! re9s 9 y\r h&s & />t to drive1 t x w be f> m difficult to cat* ! ?ong ?an :5 y c\ld give x y\r undivid$ att5tion4 ,moreov]1 x is va/ly m difficult to cat* ! ?ong 9 a w9d1 or "u trees or o!r ob/acles1 ?an :5 le>n+ 9 ! /able1 & con/ant practice is requir$ to keep "o's h& 94 ,illu/ration3 ,,w9d+ ,,la% ,,aft] ,,cat*+ ,,?ong #a4 ,ne> lead re9 #b4 ,(f lead re9 #c4 ,ne> :eel re9 #d4 ,(f :eel re9 ,i %all n attempt to describe h[ ! horses %\ld be put to a coa* or a t&em1 = to d s w\ld be to g f> beyond ! scope ( ?is book1 s ,i %all assume t ! coa* or c>t1 z ! case may be1 is correctly appo9t$ & ! horses prop]ly put to4 ,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ! ,national ,news ,association ,,measur+ ,,! ,,re9s ,note correct tailor co/ume ,to quote fur!r f ,mr4 ,g>l&'s "w3 8,9 tak+ up ! re9s /& ab\t two feet f ! pad ( ! (f :eel]4 ,remove ! re9s f ! pad t]ret or trace tug & all[ !m to fall to ! gr\nd4 8,fir/ take up ! ne> lead re9 ) ! left h&1 plac+ ! little1 second1 & middle f+]s "u ! re94 ,drop ! left h& to ! side1 all[+ ! re9s to slip ?r\gh ! f+]s4 ,tight5 ! f+]s ov] ! re9 at ?is po9t4 ,n[ raise ! left h& & place ! little & second f+]s "u ! (f lead re94 ,drop ! h& to ! side z be=e4 ,! p>ts :]e ! re9s are jo9$ %\ld hang ev5ly 9 front ( ! left h&4 ,! re9s may be adju/$ by tak+ ! re9 t is to be drawn out betwe5 ! middle & index f+]s ( ! "r h&4 ,! re9s %\ld n[ be transf]r$ into ! "r h&1 sep>at$ by ! middle f+]4 8,take up ! :eel re9s 9 ! left h&1 sep>at+ !m ) ! middle f+]1 ! ne> :eel re9 on top4 ,drop ! left h& to ! side z describ$ 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph4 ,n[ raise ! h& & adju/ ! re9s1 ) ! ?umb & =ef+] ( ! "r h&1 s t ! buckles on ! :eel re9s hang ev5ly4 8,pass ! lead re9s into ! left h&1 ! ne> re9 ov] ! index f+] & ! (f lead re9 "u ! index f+] & on top ( ! ne> :eel re94 8,:5 tak+ up ! re9s1 draw ea* 9 turn g5tly ?r\gh ! t]rets1 tight en\gh m]ely to #8feel' ! bit )\t caus+ ! horse to flex 8 neck or make any backw>d movem5t4 8,/ep back to ! :eel]s' hocks1 &1 keep+ ! left h& aga9/ ! body1 take ! re9s ) ! "r h& 9 ! same ord] z !y are 9 ! left h&4 ,) ! "r h& close 9 front ( ! left "o1 draw ! re9s ?r\gh ! f+]s ( ! left h& z f> z ! "r arm c be ext5d$1 & !n remove ! "r h&4 8,z soon z ?is is done1 take ! :ip 9 ! "r h& f ! foot-bo>d 7if a t&em71 or f ! backs ( ! :eel]s 7if a f\r-9-h&71 & transf] ! re9s into ! "r h& 9 ! same ord] z !y 7 held 9 ! left h&4 ,! re9s are n[ to "o side & out ( y\r way 9 m\nt+4 8,place y\r left foot on ! hub1 y\r "r on ! roll]-bolt1 !n ! left foot on ! body /ep1 & ! "r "o on ! foot-bo>d4 ,take y\r seat z soon z possible & transf] ! re9s back into ! left h& 9 ! orig9al ord]40 ,a ref]5ce to ! accompany+ sket*es on pages #bai & #bbb w %[ ! positions ( ! h&s & re9s q cle>ly4 ,! correct position ( ! feet1 legs1 body1 arms1 & h&s are ! same z already describ$ on page #aih 9 ! notes on driv+ a s+le horse or a pair4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,note correct position ( re9s & h&s ,to />t a f\r-9-h&1 ! horses %\ld1 be=e />t+1 be well up 9 _! coll>s1 s t ! traces are taut4 ,! lead]s' re9s %\ld be %ort5$ by grasp+ !m 9 ! "r h&1 sep>at$ by ! middle f+]1 ab\t a foot 9 front ( ! left h& & replac+ !m 9 ! left by c>ry+ ! "r h& beh9d ! left4 ,take (f ! brake z quietly z possible1 !n advance ! "r h&1 put ! little & second f+]s ov] ! two (f re9s ) ! middle & index f+]s s plac$ ov] ! two ne> re9s t ! latt] may be grasp$4 ,:5 y are sure t ! f\r horses are feel+ ! bit & !y are well toge!r1 drop & advance ! h&s1 & at ! same "t give ! horses a signal2 at ! same mom5t ! grooms let g _! heads1 & ! horses %\ld all />t toge!r4 ,once ! horses are 9 motion toge!r1 br+ ! left h& up into its position ne> ! c5tre ( ! wai/1 &1 remov+ ! "r h& f ! re9s1 hold x slightly 9 advance ( ! left4 ,to quote aga9 f ,mr4 ,g>l&3 8,to %ort5 or l5g!n ! lead re9s1 place ! middle f+] ( ! "r h& betwe5 ! lead re9s directly or at "s little di/ance 9 front ( ! left h&1 dep5d+ ^u h[ mu* ! lead re9s are to be tak5 up or l5g!n$4 ,if y wi% to l5g!n !m1 tight5 ! f+]s ( ! "r h& & draw ! re9s out to ! desir$ di/ance4 ,%\ld y wi% to %ort5 ! lead re9s1 take !m out ( ! left h&1 & 9 putt+ !m back br+ ! left h& beh9d ! "r "o4 ,d n advance ! left h&4 8,to l5g!n or %ort5 ! :eel re9s1 place ! "r h& "u ! lead re9s & grasp ! :eel re9s 9 ! same mann] z describ$ = tak+ up ! lead re9s4 ,! :eel re9s c n[ be ei!r pu%$ back or drawn ?r\gh ! f+]s ( ! left h&4 8,,to ,,/raight5 ,,! ,,team 8,%\ld ! lead]s "w ov] to ! "r ( ! :eel]s1 grasp ! two re9s1 :i* are betwe5 ! second & middle f+]s ( ! left h&1 betwe5 ! middle & index f+]s ( ! "r h&4 ,draw ^! re9s 7! (f lead & ! ne> :eel7 out a little1 & x w be se5 t x has ! effect ( br++ ! team into l9e4 ,%\ld ! lead]s "w ov] to ! left ( ! :eel]s1 in/ead ( draw+ ! c5tre re9s out1 "w !m a little fur!r back ?r\gh ! f+]s ( ! left h&4 8,,/opp+ 8,:5 x is desir$ to /op ! team1 raise ! left h&1 &1 plac+ ! "r h& ov] ! re9s1 twelve in*es 9 front ( ! left h&1 z describ$ 9 a prec$+ p>agraph1 press ! re9s 9 t[>d ! body ) ! "r h&4 8,,turn+ 8,to turn to ! "r1 %ort5 ! lead]s' re9s s t ! lead b>s hang slack1 & place ! little1 second1 & middle f+]s ov] ! (f lead re9 ab\t five in*es 9 front ( ! left h& 7dep5d+ ^u h[ %>p a turn y desire to make74 ,draw ! (f lead re9 back ov] ! =ef+] ( ! left h&1 fir/ rais+ ! left ?umb4 ,:5ev] y ?9k y h %ort5$ ! re9 suffici5tly1 drop ! ?umb on ! loop ?us made4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,,turn+ ,,to ,,! ,,"r ,note position ( h&s 8,place ! "r h& ov] ! (f re9s & be ready to grasp ! (f :eel re9 f ! inside ) ! little & second f+]s1 %\ld ! (f :eel] fail to foll[ ! (f lead] 9 mak+ ! turn4 ,at ! same "t place ! middle f+] ( ! "r h& betwe5 ! ne> :eel & ! ne> lead re9 ) ! =ef+] ov] ! latt]1 & ?us be ready to ex]t opposition %\ld ! horses on ! ne> side turn too quickly4 ,by plac+ ! middle f+] betwe5 ! lead re9s !y may be op]at$ sep>ately or toge!r4 8,x w be se5 t ! :eel]s may be drawn back toge!r at any "t 9 mak+ ! turn4 ,z soon z ! turn has be5 complet$1 lift ! left ?umb & let out ! loop ( ! (f lead re92 !n1 aft] giv+ ! lead]s m re91 let ! h&s resume ! position %[n on page #bch4 8,to turn to ! left1 %ort5 ! lead]s' re9 s t ! lead b>s hang slack1 & place ! little1 second1 & middle f+]s ov] ! ne> lead re9 ab\t five in*es 9 front ( ! left h& 7dep5d+ ^u h[ %>p a turn y wi% to make74 ,draw ! ne> lead re9 back ov] ! =ef+] ( ! left h&1 fir/ rais+ ! ?umb4 ,:5ev] y ?9k y h %ort5$ ! re9 suffici5tly1 drop ! ?umb on ! loop ?us made4 ,grasp ! (f lead re9 ) ! little & second f+]s ( ! "r h& & ins]t ! middle f+] betwe5 ! (f & ne> :eel re9s4 ,! ne> :eel] may be made to foll[ ! ne> lead] by tight5+ ! ne> :eel re9 ) ! middle & =ef+]s4 ,opposition may be ex]t$ on ea* or bo? (f re9s1 or ! :eel]s may be drawn back toge!r4 ,:5 ! turn has be5 made1 drop ! loop &1 aft] giv+ ! lead]s m re91 all[ ! h&s to resume ! position %[n on page #bch4 8,,turn+ ,,acute ,,angles 8,9 turn+ an acute angle to ! "r1 take up ! lead]s z has be5 previ\sly describ$4 ,!n ) ! "r h& rea* ov] ! lead re9s1 &1 grasp+ ! ne> :eel re9 ) ! little1 second1 & middle f+]s1 br+ x up to ! left ( ! lead re9 & back ov] ! index f+] ( ! left h&1 dropp+ ! re9 d[n 9 front ( & ar\nd ! ?umb1 9 su* a mann] t ! re9 w be held 9 place by ! fle%y "p ( ! ?umb ne> ! wri/4 ,n[ make a t5-in* loop ) ! (f lead re91 hold+ ! loop 9 place ) ! ?umb1 &1 rea*+ "u ! lead re9s1 make1 9 a simil> mann]1 a po9t ) ! (f :eel re94 ,aft] ! turn is made1 fir/ drop ! po9ts1 !n ! opposition ov] ! ?umb1 & f9ally let out y\r lead]s4 8,9 turn+ an acute angle to ! left1 fir/ take up ! lead]s1 !n place ! "r h& "u ! (f lead re91 & pu% back t[>d ! body ! (f :eel re9 ?r\gh ! f+]s ( ! left h&1 & make ! two po9ts ) ! ne> lead & :eel re9s4 ,aft] ! turn has be5 made1 draw out ! (f :eel re9 ) ! "r h& until ! buckles on ! h& pieces are ev54 ,!n let out ! (f :eel re9 & ! two po9ts z describ$ 9 prec$+ p>agraph4 8,9 turn+ a "r angle1 z f an av5ue into a /reet1 make ! po9t1 i4e41 loop1 ov] ! =ef+] :5 ! lead]s' =efeet h rea*$ ! corn]4 8,9 go+ d[nhill1 take up y\r lead]s s t ! lead b>s hang slack1 & !n %ort5 all f\r re9s4 8,if y\r re9s become misplac$1 keep y\r team go+1 unless approa*+ or on a %>p decl9e4 ,"u ! latt] conditions1 h ! s]vants run to ! horses' heads & br+ !m to a /op z quickly z possible4 ,x is mu* easi] to readju/ ! re9s :5 ! horses are go+ ?an to try to /op !m4 ,f9d ! lead re9s & take !m 9 ! "r h& ) ! middle f+] betwe5 !m1 !n ) ! ?umb & =ef+] ( ! "r h& place ! :eel re9s 9 _! prop] position1 & :5 ?is is accompli%$ return ! lead re9s to ! left h&4 ,rememb] ! (f re9 belongs on top ( ! ne> ones40 ,illu/ration3 ,,high ,,t&em ,,c>t ,:at has be5 said & quot$ above relates m p>ticul>ly to f\r-9-h& driv+1 b ! pr9ciples ( t&em driv+ are ! same1 except t x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t to drive t&em requires f> light] h&s & m quickness & skill on ! "p ( ! driv] ?an x does to drive a f\r4 ,!re is1 ( c\rse1 no?+ to /eady ! t&em lead] &1 9 cases :]e 9 driv+ a f\r-9-h& x w\ld be necess>y to make & hold a po9t--z1 = in/ance1 9 turn+ a corn]--) a t&em x w (t5 only be necess>y to t\* ! lead]'s re94 ,rememb]1 also1 t ! :eel] is only too apt to turn ! mom5t he sees ! lead] turn1 & x is (t5 necess>y to /eady ! :eel] by a pressure on ! opposition re91 &1 if he has a h>d m\? or a sluggi% "o1 x may ev5 be necess>y to make an opposition po9t to prev5t him f mak+ too %>p a turn4 ,except = ! fact t a f\r-9-h& requires f> m /r5g?1 t&em is ! m difficult ( ! two4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 peculi>ly well suit$ = a woman because ( h] light h&s & quickness1 & !re is no reason :y wom5 %\ld n excel 9 ?is =m ( driv+4 ,inde$1 9 ! %[ r+1 !re h be5 f> few] accid5ts ) wom5 driv+ t&em ?an ) m54 ,z mo/ ( ! curr5t works on f\r-9-h& & t&em driv+ 7 writt5 be=e ! days ( automobiles1 add$ caution is n[ ne$$1 p>ticul>ly ) respect to ! t&em4 ,no woman %\ld1 "u any circum/ances1 attempt to drive horses t&em unless !y are ?or\ghly accu/om$ to automobiles1 & x is necess>y n[adays to be v mu* m on ! al]t ?an x 0 be=e ! evil days ( gasol5e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,t&em ,,f ,,bay ,,%ore1 ,,long ,,isl&1 ,,%[1 #aiaa ,:ile ) a well-tra9$ t&em !re w seldom be occasion = mu* :ip "w1 at ! same "t1 ev5 ) ! be/-tra9$ horses1 !re w be occasions :5 ! lead] c only be controll$ by ! prompt & skilful use ( ! :ip4 ,) gre5 horses x is q impossible to control ! lead] )\t be+ prep>$ to use ! :ip at any mom5t4 ,! ability to cat* ! ?ong comes into play f> m frequ5tly ) a t&em ?an ) a f\r-9-h&1 & x is ev5 m ess5tial ) a t&em1 = ! ?ong is m easily caught 9 ! :eels ( a c>t1 & p>ticul>ly ( a gig1 ?an a coa*4 ,) reg>d to ! k9d ( c>t to :i* ! t&em %\ld be driv51 x is to be not$ t1 = sev]al ye>s pa/ 9 ! %[ r+1 t&ems h be5 g5]ally %[n to gigs1 & v few t&ems h be5 %[n to c>ts ev5 9 c\ntry %[s4 ,?is may result 9 giv+ ! g5]al impression t ! gig is ! correct vehicle to :i* to drive a t&em1 :i* is f> f be+ ! case4 ,no recogniz$ au?ority holds t x is ! correct vehicle1 &1 = road driv+1 a gig is ?or\ghly unsuit$ to a t&em4 ,:ile a gig is m com=table & balances bett] ?an a wrongly adju/$ t&em c>t1 yet a gig is mu* too l[ = ! driv] ei!r to h prop] control ( 8 lead] or to be able to see ob/acles 9 front ( ! lead]4 ,moreov]1 a gig1 hav+ a mu* small] body ?an a t&em c>t & also %ort %afts1 gives an appe>ance ( wrong proportion to ! t&em1 &1 especially f a di/ance1 an effect ( some?+ lack+4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly ! case ) horses ov] fifte5 h&s two4 ,if a gig is us$1 x is important t ! lead traces %\ld be z %ort z possible1 s z to make ! :ole appe>ance m compact4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,t&em ,,h>ness ,,= ,,%[ ,,r+ ,= road "w1 & p>ticul>ly = c\ntry driv+1 a t&em c>t is n only correct1 b is a m practical & suitable vehicle ?an a gig1 p>ticul>ly ) l>ge horses4 ,! driv] is well up above ! horses1 :i* gives f> bett] control2 %e is able to see well ahead ( ! lead]1 & !re is also ! advantage ( be+ out ( ! du/ & 9 a position :]e "o c bett] see o!r vehicles1 bo? 9 meet+ & pass+ !m4 ,:atev] k9d ( vehicle is us$1 ! tugs %\ld be s adju/$ t ! vehicle is 9 balance :5 ! %afts are 9 position4 ,:ile ?is is n s important ) a gig or a c>t ^: body is hung on spr+s indep5d5t ( ! %afts1 x is absolutely ess5tial ) a t&em c>t1 or any o!r c>t1 :]e ! body is n balanc$ indep5d5tly4 ,i wi% to lay great emphasis on ?is po9t because v few grooms "k any?+ ab\t x1 & x is ! mo/ common ?+ 9 ! _w to f9d a horse put to a c>t ) ! gir? /rapp$ s tightly t !re is no play to ! %afts4 ,?is is entirely wrong4 ,if ,engli% tugs are us$1 z !y %\ld be ) a t&em c>t1 ! gir? %\ld be s loose t ! %afts n only play 9 ! tug1 b ! tug plays 9 ! gir?1 & ?is w usually be done by lett+ out ! gir? f f\r to five holes beyond :]e x w\ld be if x 7 tight4 ,) reg>d to balance1 ! body ( a t&em c>t is made to slide on runn]s1 & ! position ( ! body is regulat$ by a screw ) a h&le :i* comes up "u ! driv+ cu%ion4 ,?is h&le may be turn$ s z to ?r[ ! body backw>d or =w>d1 accord+ to ! numb] ( p]sons :o are to sit 9 ! c>t2 ?us1 if a groom is to sit on ! back seat1 ! body ( ! c>t %\ld naturally be mu* f>!r =w>d ?an if ! back seat 7 empty1 &1 = ! same reason1 if !re is ! additional weight 9 front ( ano!r p]son besides ! driv]1 ! body ( ! c>t %\ld be mov$ f>!r back ?an if ! driv] 7 alone4 ,! prop] position ( ! body ( ! c>t--s t x w be 9 balance--c only be le>n$ by exp]im5t1 = x v>ies1 ( c\rse1 ) ! angle ( ! %afts & ! weight ( ! load to be c>ri$4 ,:ile ! t&em c>t is correct = t&em driv+ "u all circum/ances1 = c\ntry use !re are sev]al =ms ( light high c>ts :i* are q correct & mu* easi] = ! horses 9 hilly c\ntry or on heavy roads4 ,:ile ! bodies ( ^! c>ts are n adju/able1 balance c be secur$ by rais+ or l[]+ ! tugs 9 ! gir?s s z to raise or l[] ! %afts1 & by adju/+ ! position ( ! p 9 ! c>t4 ,9 all high c>ts ! weight %\ld be ?r[n =w>d 9 go+ uphill & back 9 go+ d[nhill4 ,x is an int]e/+ fact t a horse c pull a heavi] load uphill ! m weight1 )9 reasonable limits1 he has on 8 back4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,position ,,( ,,h&s ,,driv+ ,,f\r-,,9-,,h& ,,or ,,t&em ,"r h& ready to assi/ left ,9 t&em driv+1 :5 go+ d[nhill1 ! lead]'s re9s %\ld be %ort5$2 if ! hill is long1 !y %\ld be grasp$ 9 ! "r h& a few in*es 9 front ( ! left1 sep>at$ by ! middle f+]1 releas$ f ! left h& = a mom5t1 !n c>ri$ back ) ! "r h& beh9d ! left & grasp$ aga9 9 ! left1 & held !re until ! bottom ( ! hill is rea*$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! hill is only a %ort "o1 !y may be simply tak5 up 9 ! "r h& & held !re = a mom5t4 ,! lead] %\ld1 ( c\rse1 n be pull+ at all :5 go+ d[nhill2 on ! o!r h&1 8 traces %\ld n be s loose z to give him any *ance ( gett+ 8 feet ov]4 ,9 travell+ on ! level1 ! lead]'s traces %\ld be only mod]ately taut4 ,! t5d5cy ) beg9n]s is to let ! lead] d too mu* "w2 ?is n only tires ! lead]1 b x gets ! :eel] 9 ! bad habit ( lett+ ! lead] pull n only ! c>t b ! :eel] z well1 &1 9 g5]al1 ! lead] %\ld r be res]v$ = uphill "w4 ,on ! level mo/ ( ! "w1 & d[nhill all ( x1 %\ld be done by ! :eel]4 ,:ile t&em driv+ orig9at$ 9 driv+ "o's hunt] 9 ! lead to ! meet s t !re 0 no attempt at hav+ ! horses mat*1 n[adays mat*$ pairs are commonly %[n 9 ! r+ t&em1 s t x may be said t !re are ?ree diff]5t classes ( t&em horses3 ,fir/1 mat*$ pairs2 second1 a l>ge :eel] ) a small1 %[y lead]2 & ?ird1 two horses ( ! hunt] type1 n necess>ily mat*$1 = a sport+ t&em & = c\ntry "w4 ,x is a mi/ake to suppose t t&ems are m]ely ornam5tal2 on ! contr>y1 x is "o ( ! mo/ practical ways ( h>ness+ two horses1 & ! only really practical way ( h>ness+ two horses to a c>t4 ,horses g5]ally enjoy be+ driv5 t&em because x means fre$om = !m bo?1 & !y c ex]t _! /r5g? to great advantage4 ,inde$1 on ! ,cont95t ne>ly all ! heavy truck+ is done ) v high two-:eel$ vehicles drawn by two1 ?ree1 or ev5 f\r horses t&em4 ,^? :o are 9 favor ( putt+ a h>ness on _! hunt] w f9d t "o ( ! be/ ways ( ex]cis+ a hunt] is by driv+ him 9 ! lead ( a t&em1 z !re he may be giv5 mu* less pull+ ?an if he is driv5 s+le4 ,if y h a long-tail$ hunt]1 d n1 h[ev]1 drive him 9 ! lead4 ,no long-tail$ horse %\ld ev] be driv5 9 ! lead ( a t&em1 save 9 ! exceptional case ( %[+ a sport+ t&em 9 ! r+4 ,! sport+ t&em1 z %[n 9 ! r+1 is made up ( any k9d ( a :eel] & ! hunt] 9 ! lead ) 8 saddle on4 ,! rid+ bridle is c>ri$ 9 ! c>t4 ,( late ye>s !re has be5 a great outcry aga9/ ! practice ( dock+ :i*1 9 my op9ion1 has aris5 ?r\gh ignorance & prejudice1 & has be5 rais$ by p :o d n at all realize ! dang]s ( driv+ long-tail$ horses1 especially 9 a f\r or t&em4 ,! argum5ts us$ aga9/ dock+ are fir/ t x is cruel & second t x prev5ts a horse f bru%+ (f ! flies4 ,nei!r ( ^! objections is well f\nd$4 ,! op]ation1 :5 prop]ly done by a compet5t man1 causes almo/ no pa9 to ! horse1 is done v quickly1 & has no aft] ill effects4 ,) reg>d to bru%+ (f flies1 ?is argum5t w\ld be q good if horses 7 left out 9 ! fields )\t any?+ on !m1 b to use x ) reg>d to ! driv+ horses ( p]sons ( means is p]fectly ridicul\s4 ,:5 a horse is h>ness$ he _c possibly use 8 tail to bru% (f ! flies4 ,:5 he is /&+ 9 a prop]ly appo9t$ /able1 he is always cov]$ 9 summ] ) a %eet & 9 w9t] ) a blanket1 & !re are no flies 9 w9t]4 ,:5 he is turn$ out 9 summ] he is always cov]$ ) a %eet4 ,dock+ is n1 z its oppon5ts ass]t1 a s5seless fa%ion1 b is f\nd$ on reason4 ,a long-tail$ horse1 p>ticul>ly if driv5 9 a l[ f\r-:eel$ trap1 is almo/ sure1 h[ev] c>eful ! driv] may be1 to get 8 tail ov] at lea/ "o ( ! re9s4 ,if he does1 x is a matt] ( great difficulty to release ! re91 & if ! horse is high-spirit$ or 9 any way vici\s1 z long z 8 tail is ov] ! re9 ! driv] has absolutely no control ov] him4 ,he is 9 a position to kick1 :i* he is almo/ sure to d1 or to run1 or to d any?+ he pleases1 & he ne>ly always does some?+ :i* he %\ld n d4 ,! oppon5ts ( dock+ are n p]sons :o h driv5 high-spirit$ horses or :o "k any?+ ab\t ei!r t&em or f\r-9-h& driv+4 ,! dang]1 :5 a horse gets 8 tail ov] ! re91 is multipli$ a hundr$-fold :5 he is ! lead] ( a t&em1 = 9 t case ! driv] is absolutely helpless2 !re is no?+ t he c d b ei!r jump out ( ! trap & run to ! lead]'s head or wait until su* "t z ! lead] may see fit to let ! re9 g4 ,9 ! meantime ! lead] may be kick+1 turn+1 pull+ to "o side1 runn+ away1 upsett+ ! c>t1 or do+ any "o ( a ?\s& ?+s :i* ! driv] _c 9 any way prev5t4 ,9 pair driv+ x is also a v s]i\s ?+ if ei!r horse puts 8 tail ov] a re94 ,! result is t imm$iately control is lo/ n only ov] him b ov] ! o!r horse z well1 = half ( ! control ov] ! o!r is _h ?r\gh ! c\pl+ re9 :i* is buckl$ to ! re9 caught 9 ! tail4 ,_m mo/ s]i\s accid5ts h be5 caus$ by long-tail$ horses cat*+ ! re9s4 ,i d n !re=e consid] x safe = a woman to drive a long-tail$ horse ( any _s4 ,( c\rse road/]s or trott+ horses nev] %\ld h _! tails dock$1 nor %\ld ?or\ghbr$s or polo ponies1 & _m hunt]s d n4 ,b :5 a woman drives any ( ^! long-tail$ horses1 %e is tak+ risks :i* %e _h bett] avoid4 ,) reg>d to ! looks ( a horse1 to my m9d no driv+ horse ) any k9d ( a =mal trap looks sm>t ) a long tail any m ?an he does ) a long mane1 or =elock1 or ) ! hair ab\t 8 fetlocks untrimm$4 ,i am n talk+ ab\t a horse 9 ! /ate ( nature1 b ( a horse h>ness$ to a prop]ly appo9t$ trap4 ,) reg>d to saddle horses1 ,i ?9k also t a horse ( ! p>k1 hack1 or comb9ation type looks f> bett] ) 8 tail dock$4 ,x might be said t a trott+ horse is q z apt to get 8 tail ov] ! re9 z any o!r driv+ horse1 b ?is ass]tion loses sight ( ! v diff]5t way 9 :i* a trott+ horse is driv51 & ( ! fact t 9 a trott+ wagon ! driv] sits s ne> t he c rea* d[n & lift ! horse's tail ov]1 & t trott+ horses are c>efully tra9$ n to />t "u ^! circum/ances4 ,trott+ horses are 9 a class by !mselves1 & x is m reasonable to say t ! tails ( trott+ horses %\ld be dock$ ?an t ! tails ( o!r driv+ horses %\ld be long4 ,) reg>d to ! mane1 e driv+ horse %\ld h 8 mane ?9n$ out by pull+1 s t x may n look %aggy4 ,mo/ ponies look be/ ) _! manes closely hogg$4 ,if ?is gives a ewe-neck$ effect ! mane may be cut 9 a curve1 %ort at ! head & )]s & long] 9 ! middle4 ,! =elock on all driv+ horses %\ld be cut entirely away4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,%[ ,,r+ ,,appo9tm5ts ,! h>ness %\ld be ( black pat5t-lea!r ) squ>e wire buckles4 ,cre/s1 monograms1 or initials %\ld be small & inconspicu\s3 = a s+le horse1 plac$ on ! /&+ m>t+ale2 = a pair1 on ! brea/ plates4 ,lo9 /raps1 :i* are "p ( ! appo9tm5ts ( a victoria or o!r trap driv5 by a s]vant1 %\ld n be us$ = ladies' traps driv5 by a lady4 ,pole *a9s ) oval l9ks are p]missible or pole pieces1 :5 ! own] drives2 *a9s are nev] p]missible on any trap driv5 by a s]vant4 ,! *a9s %\ld fa/5 at ! pole & no extra l9ks %\ld be all[$ to hang4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p]fectly ,,appo9t$ ,,lady',s ,,pair ,phaetons = use 9 ! c\ntry h be5 %[n ( late1 built on ! l9es ( ! ,george ,,iv & f9i%$ 9 natural wood1 & ) !m russet h>ness in/ead ( black pat5t-lea!r is v sm>t1 &1 if ! trap is a light "o1 ,dut* coll>s may be us$ in/ead ( ,kay coll>s4 ,all =mal ladies' traps f9i%$ 9 d>k colors %\ld also be l9$ ) ! own]'s colors1 ei!r black1 d>k blue1 d>k gre51 or m>oon1 & ! s]vants' liv]ies %\ld mat* ! l9+4 ,c\ntry traps ( a light color %\ld be l9$ 9 light colors1 & x looks sm>t] = ! l9+ to mat* ! c\ntry liv]y1 al?\gh gray liv]ies may be worn ) any light l9+4 ,ladies' traps may also be l9$ 9 lea!r in/ead ( clo? & 9 ! same colors1 & x is mo/ important t ! trimm+ ( ! l9+ %\ld be /rictly 9 keep+ & v pla94 ,! driv+ cu%ion %\ld always be cov]$ ) ! same mat]ial z ! l9+4 ,! mat 9 ! bottom ( ! trap %\ld1 ( c\rse1 mat* ! l9+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lady',s ,,s+le ,,basket ,,phaeton ,! runn+ ge> ( all ladies' traps %\ld be f9i%$ 9 d>k colors ) inconspicu\s /rip+1 & ! /rip+ %\ld be 9 keep+ ) ! l9+2 t is1 if ! l9+ is o!r ?an black1 ! /rip+ %\ld be ( ! same color4 ,all light colors = ! /rip+1 su* z primrose1 light r$1 & light gre51 %\ld be conf9$ to sport+ traps & runab\ts2 light hues d n seem appropriate to =mal ladies' traps4 ,illu/ration3 ,,we/]n ,,/yle ,,( ,,gig ,,horse ,) all =mal ladies' traps1 pla9 squ>e lamps are m appropriate1 & r\nd lamps belong r ) sport+ vehicles4 ,illu/rations ( a numb] ( sm>tly appo9t$ ladies' traps w be f\nd on page #bji4 ,! own]'s ra9 coat & /orm gloves %\ld be c>ri$ fold$ 9 ! hood4 ,! rubb]s1 compris+ ! rubb] apron & groom's ra9 coat & cov] = 8 hat1 %\ld be fold$ & plac$ "u ! seat ( ! rumble4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,h9ts ,,on ,,driv+ ,regulate ! pace by ! di/ance t y h to g1 &1 :atev] ! di/ance1 keep go+ at a /eady pace--f sev5 to n9e miles an h\r is a good av]age--& x is a great mi/ake 9 long driv+ to g sometimes v fa/ & !n try to balance x by go+ v sl[ly4 ,9 ! old coa*+ days1 :5 long di/ances 7 cov]$ & ! horses _h to be kept 9 good condition1 ! g5]al pr9ciple 0 to keep ! horses go+ at ab\t ! same gait uphill & d[n1 & ?is applies q z mu* ) a pair or a s+le horse4 ,x is easi] = a horse1 & tires him less1 to keep a /eady gait ?an to walk up & d[n hill & !n g v fa/ on ! flat4 ,! mo/ important ?+ ab\t driv+ horses1 especially = di/ance driv+1 is to f9d by exp]i5ce _! natural fa/ gait & !n to keep !m to x1 & nev] to urge y\r horses beyond _! natural gait1 z no?+ tires !m s quickly4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x tires a high-spirit$ horse almo/ z mu* to keep hold+ him back f 8 natural gait4 ,horses1 aft] !y h be5 driv5 a bit1 "k bett] ?an _! driv]s h[ to cov] ! gr\nd1 & !y g5]ally _h mu* bett] be left to pick out _! own gait ?an be =c$ to :at ! driv] ?9ks is ! gait !y %\ld take4 ,s1 9 go+ up or d[n hill1 if a horse %[s a natural incl9ation to trot up ev5 a /eep hill1 let him trot if he wants to2 x w tire him less ?an hold+ him back4 ,illu/ration3 ,,driv+ ,a ,,pair ,,to ,a ,,george ,,iv ,,phaeton ,x is also a great mi/ake1 :i* _m driv]s make1 to walk horses d[n e hill !y come to4 ,unless a hill is v /eep1 x is f> easi] to keep up a /eady ev5 trot1 & if y h a heavy trap & f9d x /ra9+ y\r horse1 drive him 9 ! s(t "p ( ! road1 :i* w hold back ! trap4 ,9 go+ up or d[n v /eep hills1 x is easi] = ! horses to zigzag f side to side1 ?\gh ( c\rse at a walk1 z a hill z /eep z t _c be und]tak5 at a trot4 ,/>t y\r horses sl[ly & let !m gradually w>m up to ! "w be=e !m1 & drive !m sl[ly1 or ev5 walk !m1 = ! la/ mile or two1 s z to cool !m be=e !y g to ! /able4 ,z 9 rid+1 foll[ ! old adage1 8,walk ! fir/ mile out & ! la/ mile 940 ,:5 y are br++ y\r trap up to ! h\se or to ! curb1 s z to get out y\rself1 or to let "s "o else out1 y %\ld re9 9 y\r horses gradually2 keep !m go+ at a gradually dim9i%+ trot1 until j be=e y are at ! po9t at :i* y are to /op1 & !n /op !m quietly b firmly4 ,d n attempt to da% up to ! /opp+ place & !n ?r[ ! horses back on _! haun*es1 b d n br+ y\r horses d[n to a walk tw5ty feet soon] ?an y ne$ to & !n creep up to ! /opp+ place4 ,foll[ ! same g5]al pr9ciple :5 y are com+ to a corn] or ent]+ a gate4 ,t is1 keep y\r horses well 9 h& & sl[ !m d[n be=e y make ! turn1 b x x is v bad /yle to br+ y\r horses d[n to a walk1 or any?+ approa*+ a walk1 be=e turn+ a corn] & to make ! turn at ! walk4 ,:5 go+ at a trot y %\ld n make a turn at ! walk unless y wi% to turn ! trap entirely ar\nd & g 9 ! opposite direction1 or unless y h to make a turn ( m ?an a "r angle4 ,9 go+ up driveways1 z 9 approa*+ a c\ntry h\se1 be sure to keep y\r trap 9 ! middle ( ! road1 & to keep y\r horses up to _! gait1 always ) y\r horses well 9 h&4 ,ne$less to say1 x looks v badly to cut 9 on ! grass on ei!r side or to look z if y 7 cutt+ ,w's4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d :5 y are driv+ into a c\ntry place1 t _m ( !m h _! drives s arrang$ t !re is a turn to ! /able ne> ! entrance gate4 ,be sure t y\r horses are well 9 h&1 & t y are prep>$ to turn !m to ! o!r side1 z !y are sure to see ! /able turn & v apt to try to take x4 ,:5 y come to a hill1 rememb] t y\r horses 9 go+ up ne$ to /ret* _! heads out 9 ord] to ex]t _! full /r5g?4 ,y %\ld1 !re=e1 give !m _! heads z mu* z !y want1 provid$ always t y keep !m 9 h&4 ,9 go+ d[nhill1 on ! o!r h&1 ! horses %\ld always be re9$ 91 ?\gh1 z ,i h said1 n en\gh to br+ !m d[n to a walk unless ! hill is v /eep2 !y %\ld1 h[ev]1 be kept well 9 h& 9 go+ d[n z !re is !n ! greate/ dang] ( /umbl+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,basket ,,phaeton ,note position ( groom & liv]y ,if y are driv+ a trap ) a brake1 ) :i* "s basket phaetons are equipp$1 z are all traps = use 9 hilly c\ntries except runab\ts1 d n use ! brake too freely4 ,x is mu* bett] = ! horses to accu/om !mselves to hold ! trap back ?an x is to h !m pull+ x d[nhill4 ,if y\r horses become accu/om$ to hav+ ! brake on at e hill y g d[n1 y w f9d great difficulty 9 hold+ !m :5 y drive !m )\t a brake4 ,! brake %\ld be res]v$ = use 9 go+ d[n v /eep hills & = em]g5cies1 su* z hav+ ! horses get away f y :5 go+ d[n a mod]ate hill2 b ! brake %\ld nev] be us$1 9 s+le or pair horse driv+1 9 pull+ up4 ,! rule ( ! road 9 ?is c\ntry is 8keep to ! "r10 b :y ?is rule has ev] be5 adopt$1 in/ead ( ! ,engli% rule ( keep+ to ! left1 ,i h nev] he>d expla9$4 ,a little reflection w %[ "o t ! ,engli% rule ( keep+ to ! left is ! naturally correct & s5sible rule1 & t ! :ole !ory ( correct driv+ is bas$ ^u x4 ,?us1 ! driv] sits on ! "r side ( ! trap 9 ord] to be able to avoid hitt+ a trap pass+ 9 ! opposite direction1 z he is on ! side :]e he c be/ wat* 8 own trap & ! trap t might /rike him4 ,s ! :ip is held 9 ! "r h&1 po9t+ t[>d ! left 9 ord] n to engage ) ! :ip ( a pass+ vehicle1 & ! re9s are held 9 ! left h& t ! :ip may be held 9 ! "r4 ,simil>ly1 ,i may add1 9 rid+1 a man rides on ! woman's "r1 9 ord] t he may h ! po9t ( dang]1 ! middle ( ! road1 :51 if ! rid]s are go+ to collide ) p]sons or vehicles com+ 9 ! opposite direction1 he w be ! "o to suff] ! collision4 ,t keep+ to ! left w\ld be ! common-s5se way is q cle>ly %[n by ! fact t _m automobiles are n[ made ) ! *auffeur's seat on ! left1 s t1 keep+ to ! "r1 he may see & n collide ) vehicles com+ 9 ! opposite direction4 ,h[ev]1 ?is rule ( keep+ to ! "r is e/abli%$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 z x is 9 _m ( ! ,cont95tal c\ntries1 & probably w nev] be *ang$4 ,all vehicles1 rid]s1 etc41 com+ 9 ! opposite direction1 !re=e1 mu/ be pass$ on ! "r1 & on cr[d$ roads1 p>ticul>ly 9 p>ks & on ! /reets or av5ues ( ! city1 ! driv] %\ld habitually keep to ! "r ( ! middle ( ! road4 ,if y are driv+ sl[ly1 :]ev] y may be1 y %\ld keep to ! extreme "r 9 ord] t vehicles go+ fa/] may be able to pass y on ! left4 ,9 pass+ any o!r vehicle or rid] go+ 9 ! same direction y %\ld keep him on y\r "r4 ,= driv+ 9 ! %[ r+1 ! p>k1 or any cr[d$ ?or\ghf>e1 ! :ip %\ld be us$ to indicate to ^? beh9d y :at y are go+ to d4 ,x is held up /raight to %[ t y are slack5+ spe$ or t y int5d to /op4 ,x is c>ri$ to ! "r ( ! trap & twirl$ f left to "r to indicate t y are turn+ to ! "r1 & x is kept to ! left & twirl$ f "r to left if y are turn+ to ! left4 ,y %\ld n only give ^! signals y\rself1 b y %\ld always obs]ve ! driv] ahead ( y to see :at signals he may give1 & be sure :5 y are driv+ 9 any cr[d$ place to keep y\r horses absolutely "u control s t !y may be /opp$ 9 a mom5t if ne$ be4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly important 9 driv+ 9 ! city1 :]e con=mity ) traffic regulations makes sudd5 /ops necess>y4 ,= all =mal occasions1 :5 y are driv+ any k9d ( a phaeton ) a rumble1 y %\ld always h a s]vant on ! rumble4 ,= any =mal occasion1 :]e x is correct to drive a trap ) a rumble1 x is incorrect n to h ! s]vant4 ,x is bett] =m1 ev5 = c\ntry driv+1 if y take a s]vant1 to h him on ! rumble1 :]e he %\ld always be if !re is a rumble4 ,x is n correct1 :]e y h a rumble1 to h ! s]vant at y\r side4 ,if ! horses are pull+ too h>d1 x is q p]missible to pass ! re9s back to ! s]vant1 or he may ev5 drive !m f ! rumble1 :]e he c control !m q z well z he c\ld if he 7 sitt+ beside y4 ,= ?is reason ! re9s are made long] = a woman ?an = a man4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,dress ,:ile1 except = f\r-9-h&1 !re is no prescrib$ =mal co/ume requir$ = driv+1 at ! same "t !re are c]ta9 g5]al pr9ciples :i* wom5 %\ld always obs]ve1 n only = =mal occasions1 su* z ! %[ r+ or p>k1 b :5ev] !y take ! ribbons4 ,= =mal ladies' traps1 su* z phaetons1 x is p]fectly p]missible to we> a l>ge hat ( ! prevail+ fa%ion & an aft]noon or call+ g[n4 ,:]e ! own] is driv+ a trap ( ?is k9d on a =mal occasion1 ! co/ume %\ld n be tailor-made1 & h] co/ume %\ld produce ! effect t %e is out = a pleasure drive4 ,) sport+ traps & c>ts ( all k9ds1 on ! o!r h&1 ! co/ume %\ld be /rictly tailor-made & ! hat small & n incl9$ to bl[ (f4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly s = t&em driv+1 & 9 t case ! g5]al effect %\ld be manni%1 & p>ticul> c>e %\ld be tak5 to h ev]y?+ securely fa/5$ s t undivid$ att5tion may be giv5 to ! horses & re9s4 ,= driv+ t&em1 or = any k9d ( a sport+ vehicle or c>t 9 ! c\ntry1 a pla9 sailor is ! mo/ appropriate z well z "o ( ! easie/ to keep on1 & veils1 z well z o!r fem99e adornm5ts1 look q out ( place4 ,! hair1 ( c\rse1 %\ld be neatly & securely done1 & boots or l[ %oes are mu* m appropriate ?an high-heel$ slipp]s ) op5-"w /ock+s4 ,x is always correct1 "u any circum/ances1 to c>ry a lap robe1 & :ile 9 ! %[ r+ x may rema9 on ! seat on ! left side ( ! driv]4 ,= o!r occasions x is bett] to spread x ov] ! knees to keep (f ! du/4 ,if x is spread1 be sure t x is neatly tuck$ 9 ab\t ! feet1 b to d ?is requires "s knack1 & ! be/ way to arrange ! robe is to h x come ov] ! feet s t ! heels w re/ ^u x1 & !n to h ! "r end plac$ "u y s z to entirely cov] ! l[] "p ( y\r knee4 ,if y are driv+ alone bo? sides %\ld be adju/$ 9 ! same way1 b1 ( c\rse1 if y h a companion ! robe %\ld cov] y bo?4 ,= t&em a driv+ apron is p]missible1 b is n requir$1 in/ead ( a robe1 & = f\r-9-h& driv+ x is requir$4 ,! co/ume = f\r-9-h& driv+1 z worn by ! memb]s ( ! ,new ,york ,ladies' ,coa*+ ,club1 is a r\gh gray beav] top hat ) a d\ble-brea/$ d>k-blue melton driv+ coat4 ,"u ! coat is worn a pla9 tailor-made clo? suit ( any sm>t mat]ial1 su* z a *eck or a /ripe4 ,"s memb]s we> spats1 :i* are v sm>t4 ,heavy tan driv+ gloves are worn1 & ! driv+ apron is laid across ! knees & /rapp$ ar\nd ! wai/ ov] ! driv+ coat4 ,= ! %[ r+ heavy :ite driv+ gloves or tan driv+ gloves are equally correct1 z !y are = o!r occasions4 ,:5 driv+ ladies' traps1 if y are we>+ a g[n ) %ort sleeves & !re=e are we>+ long gloves1 !y %\ld be slipp$ (f ! h&s & fold$ back s t only ! arms are cov]$ & !n driv+ gloves %\ld be slipp$ on ! h&s4 ,:5 driv+ a ,george ,,iv1 :]e a c>d-case is "p ( ! appo9tm5ts1 x is a good idea to fold a fre% pair ( gloves 9 ! c>d-case4 ,= all =mal occasions1 su* z ! %[ r+ & p>k & t[n driv+1 ! s]vant %\ld we> a groom's dress liv]y1 consi/+ ( a s+le-brea/$ long coat ) six buttons 9 front & two r[s ( ?ree buttons 9 ! back4 ,! coat %\ld come to five in*es above ! knee & %\ld always be kept button$4 ,x %\ld be ( ! color :i* ! family may h adopt$--black1 d>k blue1 d>k gre51 m>oon1 or gray1 etc4 ,! coat coll> %\ld be ( ! same mat]ial z ! coat & ! cuffs %\ld be pla9 )\t buttons4 ,"u ! coat a wai/coat %\ld always be worn1 ( "s /rip$ mat]ial1 a small /rip %[+ inside ! coll>4 ,a pla9 :ite ,ascot tie & /&+ coll> %\ld be worn1 b no cuffs1 & ! coat sleeves %\ld be v long1 com+ well d[n to ! h&4 ,! bree*es mu/ be :ite--( bucksk9 or bree*es clo?4 ,/iff-legg$ top boots %\ld be worn1 ) tops ( tan or buff1 or ( "s color :i* mat*es or goes well ) ! color ( ! coat4 ,! boots mu/ always be ( calf & nev] ( pat5t or v>ni%$ lea!r4 ,a silk top hat %\ld be worn1 ) a n>r[ silk b&4 ,9 ?is c\ntry x is improp] to use cockades except = (fic]s ( ! army & navy & o!r (ficials4 ,! gloves %\ld be tan1 b :ite bucksk9 gloves are correct = p>k or t[n driv+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,correct ,,groom',s ,,liv]y ,= c\ntry we>1 p>ticul>ly 9 summ]1 ?is full-dress liv]y is too hot & looks out ( place1 s t an undress liv]y %\ld be worn4 ,! be/ /yle ( undress liv]y is a morn+ or cutaway coat ) ?ree buttons 9 front & two 9 ! back1 cut l any morn+ coat1 b a little high] 9 ! neck1 & bree*es & legg+s ( ! same mat]ial1 or p]haps lea!r puttee legg+s4 ,?is liv]y is made ( cov]t clo? or :ip-cord1 & ! color may be any %ade ( gray or any %ade ( tan4 ,if ! liv]y is gray1 x is sm>t] to we> black legg+s r ?an tan1 & :5 ! legg+s are black1 black %oes %\ld always be worn1 & russet %oes ) tan legg+s4 ,! hat to we> ) ?is liv]y %\ld be ! same %ape z a top hat1 ( black felt = a gray liv]y1 or ( br[n felt to mat* ! tan liv]y1 or a /raw hat ( ! same %ape may be worn1 black to g ) ! d>k liv]y or /raw color ) any liv]y4 ,tan gloves are correct ) undress liv]y4 ,a sack coat is sometimes us$ in/ead ( a cutaway1 b ,i ?9k ! latt] v mu* sm>t]1 & if a sack coat is worn a top hat %\ld n be worn1 b r a squ>e d]by4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,bits ,,& ,,be>+ ,,re9s ,9 ! illu/ration on ! opposite page are %[n ! v>i\s types ( driv+ bits1 & ,i %all n attempt to describe !m 9 detail any m ?an ,i did ) respect to ! rid+ bits4 ,!y are fully treat$ 9 _m ( ! /&>d works on ! subject & a detail$ description ( !m w\ld n belong 9 ?is book4 ,= s+le horse driv+ ei!r ! ,liv]pool or ,a%leigh is correct = all occasions1 except = ! %[ r+ & p>k driv+ ) ladies' traps1 su* z ! ,george ,,iv or ,pet]s' phaeton1 :]e ! ,buxton is ! correct bit = s+le horses z well z pairs1 & except also = gigs :]e a gig bit is correct4 ,gig bits1 h[ev]1 %\ld n be us$ ) o!r traps ?an gigs4 ,= pair horse driv+ ! ,buxton is correct = ! %[ r+ & p>k driv+ & may be us$ = in=mal occasions1 ?\gh p]sonally ,i ?9k x r poor =m = c\ntry driv+ ) any k9d ( trap4 ,! ,buxton1 h[ev]1 n hav+ a hole to correspond ) ! 8half *eek0 ( ! ,liv]pool or ,a%leigh1 is1 unless y use ! 8full *eek10 r a sev]e bit = any b a skill$ driv] ) light h&s4 ,= pair driv+ a pivot$ bit %\ld always be us$4 ,! ,liv]pool is n s suitable = pair driv+ z ! ,a%leigh or o!r elb[ bits1 because ev5 :5 ! b>s are pivot$ !y d n turn freely1 s t ! two inside b>s are usually pull+ at an angle on ! bit1 & d n give an ev5 pull on ! horses' m\?s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bits #a4 ,coa*+ #b4 ,buxton #c4 ,a%leigh #d4 ,liv]pool ,if y\r horse has a v light m\?1 & y h n acquir$ v light h&s1 x may be bett] to drive ) ! re9s 9 ! full *eek4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y h acquir$ light h&s1 ! re9s _h bett] be 9 ! half *eek ( ! ,liv]pool or ,a%leigh1 or 9 ! middle b> ( ! ,buxton1 z ?is gives mu* m control & 8feel0 ( ! horse's m\?4 ,9 fact1 no compet5t :ip ) light h&s1 p>ticul>ly no woman1 w want to drive a horse1 h[ev] light 8 m\?1 9 ! full *eek4 ,if y\r horse's m\? is r h>d & !re is dang] ( 8 runn+ away1 x is bett] to h ! re9s 9 ! fir/ hole ( ! b> ( ! ,liv]pool or ,a%leigh1 b if y drive him ?is way y mu/ keep a v light h&1 z x makes ! pressure ( ! curb *a9 too sev]e1 & y may make 8 m\? h>d by a con/ant pressure ( *a94 ,if y are un=tunate en\gh to h to drive a pull]1 x w probably be necess>y to put ! re9s 9 ! second hole ( ! b>1 & ev5 to twi/ ! curb *a91 & to use a special =m ( bit ) a long port or o!r device int5d$ to /op a pull+ horse4 ,no woman1 h[ev]1 %\ld h a pull+ horse 9 h] /able4 ,9 pair driv+ ! bitt+ is mo/ important4 ,x is ! r>e/ ?+ 9 ! _w to f9d two horses :o are n only well mat*$ 9 appe>ance b h ! same dispositions & require ! same bitt+4 ,9 fact1 !re is an old say+1 8,!re is always "o to a pair40 ,by correct bitt+ & a prop] adju/m5t ( ! c\pl+ re9s ! diff]5ces 9 ! dispositions ( ! two horses c be equaliz$1 & !y c be made to g well toge!r4 ,?is is a po9t :i* is v frequ5tly neglect$ by inexp]i5c$ driv]s1 & few coa*m5 really und]/& x1 s t y mu/ le>n x y\rself & see t y\r coa*man has y\r horses prop]ly bitt$ & c\pl$4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple1 ( c\rse1 is t ! sl[ horse ( ! pair %\ld h ! re9s 9 ! *eek or half *eek1 :ile ! fa/ horse %\ld h !m 9 ! half *eek1 or ! fir/1 or ev5 ! second1 hole 9 ! b>1 & x may be f\nd necess>y to put a sev]e bit on ! fa/ horse & a pla9 bit on ! sl[ "o4 ,simil>ly1 if "o horse has a light m\? & ! o!r a h>d "o1 ! bits & ! c\pl+ re9s mu/ be regulat$ & ! curb *a9s adju/$ accord+ly4 ,x is impossible to lay d[n any fix$ rules to foll[4 ,x is all a matt] ( exp]im5t ) ! p>ticul> pair ( horses t y are driv+4 ,( equal importance ) ! prop] adju/m5t ( ! bits & ( ! re9s 9 ! *eek or b> is ! adju/m5t ( ! c\pl+ re9s4 ,^! are ! two %ort] inside re9s by :i* ! ne> horse is c\pl$ ) ! (f re9 & ! (f horse ) ! ne> re94 ,! c\pl+ re9s %\ld be s adju/$ t ! pressure on ! re9s ( ea* horse w be ! same2 t is1 ! (f horse %\ld h ! same pressure f ! (f re9 z he has f ! ne> c\pl+ re91 & ! ne> horse %\ld h ! same pressure f ! ne> re9 z f ! (f c\pl+ re94 ,if x happ5s t ! two horses g absolutely toge!r & h ! same m\?s & ! same dispositions1 :i*1 z ,i h said1 is almo/ nev] ! case1 !n ! c\pl+ re9s w be buckl$ 9 ! same hole on ea* re94 ,if ! two horses h diff]5t m\?s or diff]5t dispositions1 ! buckles w h to be %ift$ accord+ly4 ,t is1 = in/ance1 if ! ne> horse has m life or a h>d] m\?1 ! (f c\pl+ re9 mu/ be tak5 up s t !re w be m pressure on him ?an on ! (f horse4 ,! c\pl+ re9s are also adju/$ = ! purpose ( br++ ! two horses ne>] toge!r1 & = keep+ _! heads toge!r or ap>t z may be necess>y4 ,! two horses ( a pair %\ld h _! bodies & heads /raight & p>allel to ! pole1 b x w be f\nd t "s horses are incl9$ to c>ry _! heads to "o side or ! o!r1 & ! c\pl+ re9s %\ld be tak5 up or loos5$ accord+ly4 ,= example1 if ! ne> horse c>ries 8 head to ! ne> side1 ! (f c\pl+ re9 mu/ be tak5 up1 :i* compels him to /raight5 8 head4 ,if y h two horses t seem to be p]fectly mat*$1 b ! (f horse c>ries 8 head a little out to ! front & has a light m\?1 & ! ne> horse c>ries 8 head close to 8 *e/ & has a h>d m\?1 to get !m to pull toge!r & keep !m well 9 ! traces ! c\pl+ re9 ( ! (f horse %\ld be two or ?ree holes %ort] ?an t ( ! ne>1 & consequ5tly ! (f c\pl+ re9 w be let out & ! ne> c\pl+ re9 tak5 91 & 9 su* case ! (f horse1 if he has a light m\?1 %\ld be driv5 9 ! *eek & ! h>d-m\!d ne> horse d[n 9 ! b>4 ,a common fault ( coa*m5 & grooms lies 9 buckl+ bo? c\pl+ re9s too tightly1 :i* makes ! horses c>ry _! heads 9 t[>d ! pole in/ead ( go+ away /raight4 ,?is looks v badly1 makes ! horses' m\?s h>d1 & ei!r keeps ! horses go+ diagonally or causes !m to c>ry _! heads crook$4 ,if horses h acquir$1 ?r\gh wrong c\pl+1 ! habit ( turn+ _! heads 9 t[>d ! pole1 or _! qu>t]s out f x1 x is sometimes a good plan to *ange _! positions in/ead ( always driv+ !m on ! same side4 ,!n1 on ! o!r h&1 horses sometimes get into ! habit ( lean+ 9 aga9/ ! pole4 ,?is is a difficult habit to break1 b by *ang+ _! positions or by adju/+ ! bits & ! c\pl+ re9s1 & /eady & c>eful driv+1 ?is habit c be brok54 ,be>+ re9s are requir$ 9 ! appo9tm5ts = ladies' traps except = runab\ts & pony c>ts1 & ,i believe g5]ally 9 _! use ) ne>ly e k9d ( trap1 & ) s+le horses z well z ) pairs4 ,x is only ! abuse ( be>+ re9s1 & n ! use1 :i* has l$ to ! outcry s g5]ally made aga9/ !m by p]sons ignorant ( ! pr9ciples & practice ( driv+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prop] ,,adju/m5t ,,( ,,be>+ ,,re9s ,be>+ re9s %\ld be j tight en\gh to keep ! horse's head up 9 its natural position4 ,:5 s adju/$ !y prev5t a horse f putt+ 8 head d[n & gett+ ! bit 9 8 tee?2 !y prev5t him f putt+ 8 tongue ov] ! bit & d a great deal t[>d prev5t+ him f kick+4 ,be>+ re9s are p>ticul>ly necess>y 9 pair driv+1 = h[ev] well mat*$ two horses may be 9 g5]al appe>ance1 !y seldom c>ry _! heads naturally at j ! same height4 ,9 t case ! horse :o naturally c>ries 8 head high %\ld h 8 be>+ re9 q loose & ! o!r q tight1 s t _! heads may be at ! same height4 ,no?+ looks worse ?an to see two horses 9 a pair c>ry+ _! heads "o l[ & "o high4 ,mo/ ( ! be/ au?orities on driv+ also say1 & ,i h no d\bt t x is true1 t be>+ re9s keep a tir$ horse up & make 8 go+ easy2 !y also keep him f nodd+4 ,( c\rse1 _m ?\ghtless grooms draw ! be>+ re9s altoge!r too tight1 s z to =ce ! horse's head up & make him almo/ ewe-neck$4 ,?is naturally frets a horse1 especially :5 he is /&+ /ill4 ,! be>+ re9s %\ld be fa/5$ to a bridoon & n to ! bit1 z1 if fa/5$ to ! bit1 !y raise x too high & are apt to spoil ! 8feel0 ( ! horse's m\?4 ,= runab\ts1 at all times1 be>+ re9s %\ld be disp5s$ )1 & !y may be disp5s$ ) = in=mal c\ntry driv+ 9 any k9d ( c>riage1 especially ) a s+le horse4 ,:5 be>+ re9s are us$ !y %\ld g5]ally be loos5$ if ! horses are to /& = any l5g? ( "t4 ,! ov]head *eck-re9 %\ld nev] be us$1 except ) road/]s or trott+ horses4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,h>ness ,! use ( silv]-plat$ in/ead ( brass-plat$ h>ness = =mal occasions1 su* z ! %[ r+ & p>k1 is optional1 b brass-plat$ h>ness is m suitable ?an silv]-plat$ = in=mal occasions & = c\ntry driv+4 ,! correct appo9tm5ts = a woman's trap 9 ! %[ r+ are giv5 9 a sep>ate *apt]1 page #bde4 ,= o!r occasions ! buckles1 etc41 may be ei!r squ>e or r\nd1 accord+ to ! own]'s fancy4 ,squ>e buckles are m appropriate = =mal occasions & p]haps = f\r-:eel traps2 r\nd buckles are r = c>ts & sport+ vehicles4 ,!re %\ld be z little metal ab\t ! h>ness z practicable1 & ! ornam5ts %\ld be conf9$ to cre/s1 engrav+s1 or initials1 :i* %\ld be small & inconspicu\s & plac$ only on ! w9k]s1 rosettes1 face pieces1 /&+ m>t+ale1 & pad4 ,bree*+s may be us$ = heavy traps1 b are n suitable = light traps su* z runab\ts or = c>ts4 ,!y sometimes make a n]v\s horse kick1 & 9 su* cases !y %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be disp5s$ )4 ,kick+ /raps1 z ,i h said else:]e1 %\ld g5]ally be us$ = a kick+ horse bo? ) f\r-:eel traps & ) c>ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s+le ,,phaeton ,,h>ness ,may be us$ ) runab\t1 :5 bree*+ ne$ n be us$1 & ,dut* coll> may be us$ in/ead ( ,kay coll> ,! h>ness %\ld be made ( ! be/ quality ( lea!r & h& sewn1 & %\ld always be kept s(t & pliable1 & nev] all[$ to become h>d or mildew$4 ,russet h>ness is p]fectly correct = in=mal c\ntry driv+ & ) runab\ts or any k9d ( light c\ntry trap1 :e!r two or f\r :eel$1 p>ticul>ly ) traps f9i%$ 9 natural wood4 ,= all heavy traps1 :e!r f\r or two :eel$1 coll>s & h>ness %\ld be us$1 & x is ess5tial t ! coll> %\ld fit ! horse4 ,9 fact1 x is mo/ important t ea* horse 9 ! /able %\ld h 8 own coll>1 :i* %\ld be c>efully fitt$ to him by a compet5t h>ness-mak]4 ,coll>s come 9 /&>d sizes1 v>y+ f #ai to #bb in*es1 & are made to fit by alt]+ ! /uff+4 ,! ,kay coll> is ! type g5]ally us$4 ,! weight ( ! h>ness is 9 proportion to ! weight ( ! trap2 = heavy traps1 su* z phaetons or dog-c>ts1 ! heavie/ h>ness %\ld be us$1 :ile ) runab\ts1 basket phaetons1 & light c>ts1 light] h>ness is correct4 ,= c\ntry use1 & especially 9 summ] ) all k9ds ( light c\ntry traps1 su* z runab\ts1 ,hemp/ead c>ts1 & break+ c>ts1 a ,dut* coll> is q correct & is mu* m com=table & cool] = ! horse ?an a coll> & hames4 ,! ,dut* coll>1 h[ev]1 %\ld n be us$ ) any k9d ( a heavy or =mal trap1 z x is n s well adapt$ = pull+1 nor does x look well ) !m4 ,! l9+ ( ! coll> %\ld be black = all except sport+ c>ts1 :]e russet l9+ looks v sm>t1 ?\gh almo/ too sporty = a woman4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s+le ,,road ,,h>ness ,note ! light ,dut* coll> ,driv+ re9s = a woman %\ld be ?9n] & light] ?an = a man1 & %\ld be v pliable = ! same reasons1 z ,i h expla9$ on page #ade1 t apply to rid+ re9s4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple to be obs]v$ 9 driv+1 z well z 9 rid+1 is to h z little h>ness on ! horse z practicable1 &1 above all ?+s1 n to h ! h>ness ov]load$ ) ornam5ts4 ,= c\ntry use1 & = all in=mal occasions1 x is n necess>y to use pat5t-lea!r h>ness1 z x scrat*es & becomes %abby v quickly4 ,pla9 black pigsk9 is !re=e m appropriate & p]fectly correct = su* occasions4 ,= ra9y wea!r special h>ness %\ld be us$1 z ! ra9 injures ! lea!r & t>ni%es ! metal ( ! regul> h>ness1 & entails a great deal ( unnecess>y "w on ! grooms4 ,ra9y wea!r h>ness has all ! buckles cov]$ & is made ( oil$ lea!r4 ,:5 ! own] is 9 deep m\rn+1 ev]y?+ ab\t ! h>ness %\ld be black1 all ( ! bright metal %\ld be cov]$ ) black lea!r4 ,x looks q inappropriate to see ! s]vants ) wide crape b&s b ! h>ness ) all ! bright metal %[+ & color$ rosettes & saddle clo?s2 or1 :at is ev5 worse1 color$ saddle clo?s & black rosettes4 ,:ile x is n necess>y to use black h>ness :5 ! own] is 9 m\rn+1 all colors %\ld c]ta9ly be avoid$ 9 ! rosettes & saddle clo?s1 & ! s]vants %\ld be put 9 m\rn+ also4 ,:at ,i h j said 9 ! *apt] on h>ness = s+le horses applies g5]ally to h>ness = a pair4 ,kay coll>s %\ld be us$ = pairs ) all traps1 except t ,dut* coll>s may be us$ = a pair ) runab\ts or any o!r light c\ntry trap4 ,!re is a v light /ation trap1 f9i%$ 9 natural wood1 ) :i* russet h>ness ) ,dut* coll>s1 = a pair1 looks v sm>t & may be us$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,d\ble ,,road ,,h>ness ,note ! yoke ,! horses may be c\pl$ to ! pole ) ei!r pole *a9s or pole pieces2 ! =m] ) oval l9ks are correct :5 ! own] drives1 b are nev] p]missible 9 any trap driv5 by a s]vant4 ,! *a9s %\ld fa/5 at ! pole & no extra l9ks %\ld be all[$ to hang4 ,! pole *a9s1 if us$1 %\ld be ( burni%$ /eel & n ( brass4 ,oddly en\gh1 = "s reason :i* has nev] be5 expla9$1 pole *a9s & pole pieces are reg>d$ z belong+ to ! trap & n to ! h>ness4 ,illu/ration3 ,,engli% ,,phaeton ,,pair ,,h>ness ,note ! lo9 /raps1 :i* are correct only :5 s]vant is driv+ ,lo9 /raps %\ld be us$ ) a lady's trap only :5 a s]vant drives4 ,! w9k]s %\ld be squ>e :5 squ>e buckles are us$1 b r\nd w9k]s may be us$1 z well z r\nd buckles ) sport+ traps1 = :i* !y are q appropriate4 ,metal rosettes %\ld be us$ ) a s+le h>ness & may be us$ ) pair h>ness1 or = ladies' traps4 ,silk rosettes may be us$ ( any color ! own] may fancy1 & %\ld mat* ! liv]ies4 ,9 ! %[ r+ & p>k fl[] rosettes are worn1 b ) pairs fancy rosettes are worn on ! ne> side ( ! ne> horse & ! (f side ( ! (f horse2 t is1 "o on ea* horse on ! outside1 :ile on ! inside ! rosettes %\ld be pla9 metal4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,hemp/ead ,,c>t ,d\ble h>ness %\ld fit ! horses j z s+le h>ness does1 except t ! belly-b&s %\ld be loos]1 s z to admit two or ?ree f+]s betwe5 !m & ! gir?s4 ,a :ip ) a la% %\ld always be us$1 except ) road/]s or trott+ horses1 :5 a /raight :ip is correct4 ,! :ip %\ld be ( a l5g? proportionate to ! trap & ! di/ance ( ! horse f ! driv]4 ,! same k9d ( :ip %\ld be us$ = driv+ a s+le horse z = a pair4 ,! %aft %\ld be /raight & may be ( any color ! own] fancies1 & may be m\nt$ 9 gold1 silv]1 or brass4 ,! be/ :ips 9 g5]al use are made ( holly4 ,= a woman's use a :ip %\ld be light] & m sl5d] ?an = a man's4 ,a heavy :ip is v tir+ to ! h&1 & q unnecess>y = ! k9d ( horse t a woman drives4 ,! h&le ( ! :ip may be cov]$ ) lea!r or pla91 &1 if lea!r cov]$1 may be ( any color :i* goes well ) ! %aft4 ,:ile color$ snapp]s are us$1 pla9 :ite is always correct1 & ,i consid] x mu* sm>t]4 ,! la% ( ! :ip %\ld always be kept :ite & v pliable1 &1 ( c\rse1 %\ld be pipe-clay$ :5 necess>y4 ,= a phaeton or break+ c>t1 :]e ! horse is q a long di/ance f ! driv]1 a mu* long] :ip %\ld be us$ ?an = a runab\t or a ,hemp/ead c>t4 ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,gymkhana ,,games ,,& ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,private ,,%[s ,gymkhana games may be held ei!r indep5d5tly or 9 connection ) private or c\ntry club %[s1 & ,i w\ld sugge/ z a programme = su* a comb9ation ! foll[+ ev5ts3 ,,classes #a4 ,ladies' ,s+le ,h>ness ,class4 ,appo9tm5ts 7t[n or c\ntry7 #dj p] c5t ,horse #fj p] c5t #b4 ,ladies' ,h>ness ,pairs4 ,appo9tm5ts & c\nt+ ! same4 #c4 ,ladies' ,hunt]s4 7,ladies to ride47 #d4 ,sport+ ,t&ems4 7,ladies to drive47 #e4 ,pairs ( ,hunt]s4 7,pairs made up ( a g5tleman & a lady1 rid+ _! own horses47 #f4 ,ladies' ,driv+ ,competition4 ,driv+ to c\nt #ajj p] c5t #g4 ,ladies' ,saddle ,horses4 ,horses to c\nt #dj p] c5t ,rid+ #dj p] c5t ,appo9tm5ts #bj p] c5t ,,gymkhana ,,ev5ts #h4 ,egg & ,spoon ,race = ,ladies4 #i4 ,music ,/all ,ride4 #aj4 ,aff9ity ,race4 #aa4 ,potato ,race4 #ab4 ,drag ,hunt ,conte/4 ,,notes ,classes #c & #e3 ,hunt]s to be %[n ov] jumps1 :i* may be m]ely po/ & rail1 bru%1 9 & out1 or any comb9ation ( ^!1 p]=mance ov] jumps only to c\nt4 ,ev5t ,no4 #h3 ,/>t]s w be h&$ a l>ge wood5 spoon & an egg4 ,! spoon mu/ be c>ri$ 9 "o h&1 ) ! egg 9 ! b[l1 twice ar\nd ! c\rse4 ,any "o dropp+ ! egg mu/ return to ! />t+ po9t = ano!r1 & :oev] fir/ completes ! two r\nds ( ! c\rse ) an unbrok5 egg held ?r\gh\t 9 ! spoon w9s ! race4 ,ev5t ,no4 #i3 ,!re mu/ be a f5ce or wall d[n ! middle ( ! c\rse4 ,! /alls are made ) poles1 :i* are atta*$ at "o end to ! f5ce & at ! o!r end to /akes driv5 9 ! gr\nd4 ,at ! />t !re %\ld be "o less /all ?an !re are conte/ants1 & ! l5g? ( ! f5ce %\ld be su* t at ! />t !re w be no f5ce lapp+ ov]4 ,! /alls %\ld be betwe5 ?ree & f\r feet wide & all /alls on ! same side ( ! f5ce4 ,! conte/ants />t m\nt$2 :5 ! music plays !y ride 9 s+le file ar\nd ! f5ce 9 a r+ until ! music /ops2 ! rid]s !n da% = ! /alls & ! rid] :o is left ov] is out ( ! conte/4 ,be=e ! music />ts aga9 "o /all is remov$1 & ! p]=mance is repeat$ until !re are only two conte/ants left = "o /all1 & !n :oev] ( ^! gets x w9s ! ev5t4 ,! horses may be ridd5 into ! /alls backw>d1 =w>d1 or any way 9 :i* !y c get 94 ,9 o!r words1 x is ! old game ( 8,go+ to ,j]usalem40 ,ev5t ,no4 #aj3 ,! conte/ants are 9 pairs1 a man & a woman1 ea* ) 8 pony4 ,all ! conte/ants />t dism\nt$4 ,at ! />t+ signal ! man fir/ puts ! woman up1 !n m\nts himself2 !y jo9 h&s & da% madly d[n ! field & race twice ar\nd ! c\rse1 hold+ h&s4 ,! pair to rea* ! f9i% fir/ w9 ! race4 ,if desir$1 jumps may be introduc$4 ,ev5t ,no4 #aa3 ,! conte/ants may be all m51 all wom51 or bo?4 ,! conte/ants />t m\nt$ at "o end ( ! c\rse1 ea* ( !m hav+ a spe>2 at ! o!r end ( ! c\rse are six or eight potatoes = ea* conte/ant1 ^? ( ea* conte/ant be+ plac$ toge!r 9 a r[ & opposite 8 place 9 l9e at ! />t4 ,! conte/ants mu/ pick up ! potatoes1 "o at a "t1 ) ! spe>1 ride back to ! />t+ po9t1 & drop ea* potato 9 a basket4 ,! "o :o fir/ picks up all 8 potatoes1 c>ries !m on 8 spe>1 & drops !m all 9 ! basket1 w9s ! race4 ,if a conte/ant drops a potato on ! way back to ! />t+ po9t he mu/ pick up t potato ) 8 spe> )\t dism\nt+4 ,illu/ration3 7,,newsboy7 ,a ,,prize-,,w9n+ ,,runab\t ,,entry ,ev5t ,no4 #ab3 ,?is ev5t1 if my memory s]ves me "r1 0 orig9at$ by ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,l[ry1 ,m4,f4,h41 ( ! ,h>kaway ,hunt1 ,mc,donald1 ,p5nsylvania1 & x c take place only 9 a hunt+ c\ntry or :]e "o or m packs ( h\nds are available2 x c1 ( c\rse1 only be tri$ :]e ! gr\nds are l>ge4 ,a drag is laid ov] ! c\ntry1 tak+ z _m f5ces z may be desir$1 b )\t flags or o!r indications ( ! c\rse4 ,! f9i% %\ld be at ! gr& /&4 ,ea* h\nd we>s a ribbon ( a di/9ctive color & ea* rid] draws by lot a c>d ) ! correspond+ color ( t worn by a h\nd4 ,! rid]s all foll[ ! h\nds1 & ! hold] ( ! color ( ! h\nd :i* fir/ arrives at ! f9i% is aw>d$ ! cup1 provid$ t ! h\nd has foll[$ ! full c\rse4 ,!re ne$ be no conte/ betwe5 ! rid]s z to :o %all be fir/ at ! f9i%4 ,illu/ration3 ,,judge',s ,,/& ,,9 ,,op5 ,,air ,,%[ ,( c\rse ! above programme is = an op5-air or summ] %[1 b all ! classes & _m ( ! ev5ts may be us$ 9-doors 9 a r+4 ,to take ! place ( ! ev5ts :i* mu/ necess>ily be omitt$ = an 9-door %[1 ,i w\ld sugge/ a co/ume ride4 ,! /yle ( co/ume may be left to ! *oice ( ! rid]s1 or "s p>ticul> p]iod or type may be adopt$4 ,! rid]s g ?r\gh ! evolutions ( a drill to music4 ,illu/ration3 ,by c\rtesy ( 8,! ,rid] & ,driv]0 ,,gymkhana ,,games ,,at ,,c\ntry ,,%[ ,ano!r suitable ev5t = an 9-door %[ is t&em rid+ :i* has become des]v$ly popul>4 ,! horse "o rides is saddl$ & ! re9s & all appo9tm5ts are ! same z = ord9>y rid+1 ) ! exception t ! bridle has ! usual ,d's simil> to ^? ( ! :eel] ( ! t&em1 ?r\gh :i* ! re9s ( ! lead] pass4 ,! lead] has a h>ness :i* consi/s ( a pad ) t]rets & a driv+ bridle )\t w9k]s & :atev] =m ( bit may be/ suit ! individual horse4 ,! re9s are ( :ite bucksk91 ! size ( light driv+ t&em lead re9s4 ,!re %\ld be ab\t a half a horse's l5g? betwe5 ! two horses4 ,! be/ & mo/ practical way ( hold+ ! re9s ,i h f\nd to be z foll[s3 ,treat ! curb & snaffle re9s ( ! horse y are rid+ z if !y 7 "o re9 & sep>ate !m bo? by ! middle & ?ird f+]s2 t is to say1 ! ne> curb is laid on top ( ! ne> snaffle re9 & !y bo? pass betwe5 ! middle & ?ird f+]s4 ,! (f snaffle is laid on top ( ! (f curb re9 & !y pass betwe5 ! fir/ & middle f+]s4 ,! ends come up betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]4 ,! ne> lead re9 passes "u ! middle f+] & up ?r\gh ! h&1 com+ out betwe5 ! ?ird & f\r? f+]s4 ,! (f lead re9 passes d[n betwe5 ! ?ird & f\r? f+]s & passes out "u ! middle f+]4 ,an ord9>y light driv+ :ip is held 9 ! usual way = driv+ 9 ! "r h&1 & ! "r h& is held 9 read9ess to assi/ ! left & p>ticul>ly to turn ! lead]4 ,horses1 ) a little tra9+1 are easily ridd5 or driv5 9 ?is way & c be taught to jump & g ?r\gh complicat$ evolutions4 ,?is t&em rid+ is a suitable ev5t = w9t] ent]ta9m5ts 9 clubs & rid+-s*ools4 ,,index ,appo9tm5ts1 hunt+1 #gd1 #ge2 %[ r+1 #bde-bdi2 trap1 #bgc4 ,arms1 position (1 9 rid+1 #ad1 #ai1 #bg4 ,army1 fa%ion ( m\nt+1 #dh1 #di-ea2 seat1 #db1 #dd4 ,a/ride1 rid+1 #cg-eg2 hold+ re9s 91 #bg2 correct position =1 #dj2 ! close seat 91 #dd1 #de1 #ed-eg4 ,back+1 a horse1 #hg2 ( horse1 #aje4 ,balance1 #d1 #e1 #f1 #ab1 #de2 importance (1 #ef1 #eg4 ,balance /rap1 #adc1 #add4 ,balk+1 #ajd1 #ajf4 ,b>eback rid+1 #ci1 #de1 #df4 ,be>+ re9s1 adju/m5t (1 #bfi-bgb2 9 pair driv+1 #bga4 ,belt1 rid+1 #abf4 ,bits1 driv+1 #bfd-bfg4 ,bits1 rid+1 adju/m5t (1 #aed-aef2 position (1 #aec2 v>ieties (1 #gf1 #ade1 #adf1 #aej-aeb4 ,bitt+1 9 pair driv+1 #bff1 #bfg4 ,body1 position (1 9 rid+1 #f1 #g4 ,boots1 rid+1 #gd1 #aba-abe2 = cross-saddle1 #acj-aca4 ,brake1 !1 #bed1 #bee4 ,brea/plate1 #ge1 #gf1 #adh1 #adi1 #aea1 #aeb4 ,bree*es1 rid+1 #gd1 #aji1 #abj1 #aba2 = cross-saddle1 #aca4 ,bree*+s1 #bgc4 ,bridle1 !1 #gf1 #add-adg1 #aea4 ,bridle-h&1 !1 #ae4 ,bridoon1 !1 #ade1 #adf1 #aea4 ,buck+1 #de1 #aje1 #ajf4 ,buckles1 #af1 #ade1 #adf1 #bgc1 #bgi4 ,cant]+1 #hd1 #he1 #hh4 ,c>ess+ a horse1 #ii1 #ajj4 ,cat*+ ! ?ong1 #bai-bbb1 #bcd4 ,cavesson1 !1 #gf1 #adf-adh4 ,*eck-re91 !1 #bgb4 ,*eek pieces1 #ade1 #adf4 ,*ildr51 rid+ =1 #d1 #e1 #ch1 #de2 ponies =1 #agf1 #agg4 8,cluck+10 #aja4 ,coat1 rid+1 #aaa-aad2 = cold wea!r1 #aai2 ra9coat1 #aji1 #aah1 #aai2 top-coat1 #aai2 = cross-saddle1 #aca4 ,coll>s1 ,dut* & ,kay1 #bde1 #bgd-bgh4 8,comb9ation horse10 !1 #aei1 #agj-agc4 ,companion1 rid+ )1 #ib1 #aja1 #ajf1 #ajg4 ,confid5ce 9 horse1 #cj4 ,con=mation1 9 saddle-horse1 #ahf1 #ahg4 ,controll+ a horse1 #bi1 #cj1 #ii1 #ajj4 ,c\pl+ re9s1 adju/m5t (1 #bfg-bfi4 8,c[boy0 co/ume & saddle1 #dc4 ,crop1 position (1 #ah1 #ai2 9 hunt+1 #ge1 #abi4 ,cross-saddle1 disadvantages (1 #cg1 #ch2 dress =1 #aji1 #acj1 #aca2 types (1 #da1 #db1 #aee4 ,curb re9s1 #ae-ag1 #bf2 rev]s+ position (1 #bd1 #be1 #bh2 tight5+1 #bc1 #bd4 ,cu%ion1 driv+1 #aih1 #bdf4 ,deal]s 9 horses1 #aha-ahe4 ,dism\nt+1 f ! side-saddle1 #ce1 #cf2 f ! cross-saddle1 #ea-ed4 ,dock+1 #bda-bdd4 ,dress1 driv+1 #bbc1 #bei-bfa4 ,dress1 rid+1 cross-saddle1 #ci1 #acj1 #aca2 side-saddle1 #gc-ge1 #ajh-acj2 prices ( rid+ clo!s1 #acb4 ,driveways1 go+ up1 #bec4 ,driv+1 #aic et seq42 f\r-9-h&1 #bag-bcb2 gett+ l5g? ( re9s1 #aif2 h9ts on1 #bej-beh2 inspection ( horse1 h>ness1 & trap1 #aic1 #aie2 me?ods ( hold+ re9s1 #aii-bjc1 #baj1 #baa2 position1 #aih2 pull+ up1 #bjd-bjf2 %ort5+ & l5g!n+ re9s1 #bja1 #bjg1 #bjh1 #baj2 />t+1 #baa1 #bab2 /epp+ into trap1 #aid-aig2 /epp+ out ( trap1 #bae1 #baf2 t&em driv+1 #bcb-bdj2 !ory ( correct driv+1 #bjj1 #bjh2 use ( :ip1 #bjj1 #bab1 #bac4 ,engli% conditions ( rid+1 #afb2 fa%ion ( m\nt+1 #df-dh1 #ej2 me?od 9 %[-r+1 #hb1 #hc2 rule ( ! road1 #bee1 #bef2 saddles1 #db1 #dd1 #df1 #ea1 #acd2 saddle dress1 #aah2 tra9$ hunt]1 #fg1 #fh4 ,fe$+ a horse1 #if-ih4 ,feet 8home10 rid+ )1 #aa1 #ab1 #dd1 #ea4 ,foot ( horse1 to dislodge /one or nail f1 #id1 #ie4 ,=elock1 !1 #bdd4 ,=m1 9 driv+1 #aic et seq42 9 rid+1 #c et seq4 ,f\r-9-h& driv+1 #bag et seq42 cat*+ ! ?ong1 #bai-bbb2 dress =1 #bbc1 #bfj1 #bfa2 go+ d[nhill1 #bca2 h>ness1 #bbj2 lady's f\r-9-h&1 #bbf1 #bbi2 position1 #aih1 #bbe2 ( h&s & re9s1 #bai1 #bbb1 #bbf1 #bch2 readju/+ re9s1 #bca1 #bcb2 %ort5+ & l5g!n+ re9s1 #bbg2 />t+1 #bbe1 #bbg2 /opp+1 #bbh2 to /raight5 ! team1 #bbg1 #bbh2 tak+ up ! re9s1 #bbc-bbe2 turn+1 #bbh1 #bbi2 acute angles1 #bcj-bcb4 ,gait1 9 driv+1 #bej-beb2 9 rid+1 #ia1 #ic1 #afj1 #afa1 #ahg-ahi4 ,games1 see ,gymkhana4 ,g>l&1 ,james ,a41 8 ,! ,private ,/able quot$1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbc-bbe1 #bbg-bcb4 ,gig horse1 we/]n /yle (1 #bdh4 ,gigs1 9 t&em driv+1 #bce1 #bcf4 ,gir?+1 #ajb1 #adb1 #bcg4 ,gir?s1 #ada-adc4 ,gloves1 #gd1 #abh1 #abi2 driv+1 #bfa4 ,groom1 on ! rumble1 #baf1 #beg1 #beh2 liv]y (1 #bed1 #bfa-bfc1 #bgg4 ,gymkhana games1 #bhb-bhi2 classes1 #bhb2 aff9ity race1 #bhd2 drag-hunt conte/1 #bhf1 #bhg2 egg & spoon race1 #bhc2 music /all ride1 #bhc1 #bhd2 potato race1 #bhd1 #bhe2 t&em rid+1 #bhg-bhi2 judge's /&1 #bhf4 ,habit1 !1 #gd1 #ajh-aae2 mat]ials =1 #aae-aai4 ,hack1 ! p>k1 #gh1 #hb1 #hc1 #ie1 #afj1 #afb1 #afh-agb1 #ahe2 road1 #agb4 ,hair1 arrangem5t (1 #abf1 #abg1 #bfj4 ,h&s1 9 driv+ f\r-9-h& & t&em1 #bai1 #bbb1 #bbf1 #bbi1 #bch4 ,h&s1 9 rid+1 #ad-bi2 hunt+1 #fd1 #fe2 lightness (1 #bh1 #bi2 position ( left h&1 #ae1 #ah1 #ai2 "r h&1 #bj-bc4 ,h>ness1 inspection (1 #aic1 #aie2 lea!r (1 #bgd-bgg2 m\rn+1 #bgg2 weight (1 #bge2 = f\r-9-h&1 #bbj2 ,engli% phaeton pair1 #bgi2 s+le phaeton1 #bgd2 s+le road1 #bgf2 d\ble road1 #bgh1 #bhj2 %[-r+1 #bde2 t&em1 #bcf4 ,hat1 rid+1 #gd1 #abg1 #abh2 hat gu>d1 #abh4 ,hills1 driv+ up & d[n1 #bca1 #bch1 #bci1 #bea-bee4 ,h9ts on ,driv+1 cit$1 #bag4 ,hook1 invisible1 #ade-adg4 ,horse1 8comb9ation10 #aei1 #agj-agc2 8five-gait$10 #db2 gre51 #bf1 #bad2 po9ts (1 #ahc2 saddle horse1 #aeg-agi2 selection (1 #ahj-aij2 9 ! %[-r+1 #gg et seq42 t&em1 #bdj2 see also ,hack & ,hunt]4 ,hunt]1 !1 #fj1 #fb1 #fg1 #fh1 #gj-gb1 #afc-afi2 po9ts (1 #afg2 9 t&em h>ness1 #bdj4 ,hunt+1 #eh-gf2 bit1 #gf2 co/ume1 #gc-ge2 etiquette1 #eh1 #fj1 #fa2 pace1 #gj1 #ga2 position ( h&s1 #fd1 #fe2 ( body & legs1 #fe-fg2 saddle & bridle1 #ge1 #gf1 #adh2 seat1 #dd2 9 ! ,ea/1 #aff2 9 ! ,s\?1 #aff4 ,iri% hunt]s1 #afd1 #afe2 pony1 #agf4 ,jewelry1 #acj4 ,jump+1 #dd1 #de1 #ei1 #fb1 #afi2 ! m>t+ale =1 #adg1 #adh2 position 91 #ad1 #ae1 #fd-fg2 ?ree /yles (1 #fc1 #fg2 ) an ,engli%-tra9$ hunt]1 #fg1 #fh4 ,keep+ to ! "r1 #ic1 #bee1 #bef4 ,kick+1 #ej1 #aje1 #ajf2 dang]s (1 9 driv+1 #bad4 ,kick+ /raps1 #bad1 #bgd4 ,lady ,bonnie1 saddle m>e1 #aeg1 #aeh4 ,lamps1 !1 #bab1 #bdh4 ,lap robe1 !1 #bfj4 ,lead+ a horse1 #id4 ,leap+ horn1 !1 #i4 ,legg+s1 #abd1 #acj4 ,legs1 position (1 9 rid+1 #g-ab4 ,limp+1 #id1 #ie4 ,liv]y1 s]vant's1 #bed2 dress1 #bfa1 #bfb2 undress1 #bfb1 #bfc2 m\rn+1 #bgg4 ,lo9 /raps1 #bgi4 ,mane1 !1 #bdd4 ,mann]s1 9 a horse1 #ha1 #ahg4 ,m>t+ale1 runn+1 #bh1 #gf1 #adg1 #adh2 /&+1 #gf1 #aaf1 #adg-adi4 ,mexican saddle1 #db1 #dg4 ,morley-,knight1 ,capt4 ,c41 ,r4,a41 8 ,h[ to ,drive1 #bja2 ,h9ts on ,driv+1 #bag4 ,m\nt+1 cross-saddle1 ,engli% fa%ion1 #df-dh1 #ej2 milit>y fa%ion1 #dh1 #di-ea4 ,m\nt+1 side-saddle1 )\t assi/ance1 #ca1 #cb2 ) assi/ance1 #cb-cd2 f ! block1 #cd1 #ce4 ,m\?1 !1 #ba1 #bc1 #ed1 #gf1 #aed1 #aee1 #bjd1 #bff2 8tricks10 #aef4 ,neckwe>1 #ge1 #abe1 #abf4 ,noseb&1 !1 #gf1 #adf-adh4 ,ornam5ts1 h>ness1 #bgc1 #bgf4 ,paddock1 !1 #ih4 ,p>k hack1 see ,hack4 ,p>k rid+1 #afb2 co/ume =1 #aab2 position ( h&s 91 #ae1 #bg4 ,phaeton1 !1 #aid1 #bji1 #bde-bdg1 #bea1 #bed2 h>ness1 #bgd1 #bgi4 ,pole *a9s & pole pieces1 #bgh1 #bgi4 ,polo1 co/ume1 #agg2 play+1 side-saddle 91 #eg2 pony1 #agc-agg4 ,pony1 ! polo1 #agc-agg2 ! ,iri%1 #agf2 ! ,wel%1 #agh2 ! ,%etl&1 #agh1 #agi4 ,prices ( rid+ clo!s1 #acb4 ,private ,/able1 ,!1 see ,g>l&4 8,pull]s10 #bc1 #gf1 #ahh2 driv+1 #bff4 ,puttees1 #abd1 #acj4 ,ra9coat1 !1 #aji1 #aah1 #aai4 ,re>+1 #ch1 #ej1 #ed1 #aje1 #adg1 #adh2 :5 driv+1 #bac1 #bad4 ,re9s1 9 driv+1 measur+1 #aif1 #bbc2 8mod]n0 position (1 #aii1 #bja-bjc1 #baa2 8or?odox0 position (1 #aih2 pull+ ?r\gh t]ret1 #bae2 quality (1 #bgf2 %ort5+ & l5g!n+1 #bja1 #bjg1 #bjh1 #baj2 /opp+1 #bjd-bjf2 turn+1 #bjf-bjh2 f\r-9-h& & t&em driv+1 #bai1 #bbb-bcb4 ,re9s1 9 rid+1 #ae-bh2 adju/+1 #ag2 9 a/ride rid+1 #bg2 hold+ (1 #ah2 9 bo? h&s1 #bf1 #bg2 lea!r (1 #add2 position (1 #ah1 #bj2 position (1 = beg9n]s1 #bf1 #bg2 rely+ on1 = keep+ seat1 #ed2 rev]s+ curb & snaffle1 #bd1 #be1 #bh2 %ort5+1 #bb2 tak+ up (1 #ae-ag2 tight5+ ! curb1 #bc1 #bd2 turn+ to ! left1 #ba1 #bb2 to "r1 #ba2 :5 jump+1 #fd1 #fe1 #fg2 wid? (1 #ade4 ,re/+ a horse1 #ia1 #ih4 ,rid+1 a/ride1 #cg-eg2 b>eback1 #ci1 #de1 #df2 h9ts on1 #ia-ajg2 p>k1 #afb1 #afc2 %[-r+1 #hd-ij4 ,road coa*1 a p]fectly appo9t$1 #bah4 ,road hack1 !1 #agb4 ,rog]s1 ,fairman1 8 ,a ,manual ( ,coa*+1 #bag4 ,rosettes1 #bhj4 ,rumble1 !1 #beg1 #beh4 ,runaway1 /opp+1 #bc1 #ajg4 ,saddle1 see ,cross-saddle & ,side-saddle4 ,saddle horse1 !1 #aeg-aij2 color (1 #aeh-afj2 comb9ation type1 #agj-agc2 conditions dem&$ (1 #ahf et seq42 con=mation 91 #ahf1 #ahg2 co/ (1 #ahd2 gaits (1 #afj1 #afa2 ! hack1 #afj1 #afb1 #agj-agb2 ! hunt]1 #afc-afi2 po9ts (1 #ahc2 ! polo pony1 #agc-agg2 selection (1 #ahj-aij2 ! ?or\ghbr$1 #afa-afc2 trial (1 #ahg-aij4 ,s&wi* cases & flasks1 #ge4 ,seat1 !1 close1 9 rid+ a/ride1 #dd1 #de1 #ed-eg2 hunt+1 #dd2 milit>y1 #db1 #dd2 p>k1 #dd4 ,%etl& pony1 #agh1 #agi4 ,%irt1 ! rid+1 #abe4 ,%[-r+ driv+1 appo9tm5ts (1 #bde-bdi2 correct =m ( hold+ re9s 91 #bja2 gloves =1 #bfa2 ladies' class 9 a c\ntry %[1 #hi2 t&em 91 #bce1 #bcf4 ,%[-r+ rid+1 #gg-ij2 comb9ation horse =1 #agc2 ,engli% me?od ( %[+ horses1 #hb1 #hc2 important po9ts to rememb]1 #hf-hh1 #ij2 ! judges1 #gi2 long-tail$ & dock$ horses 91 #ie1 #if2 mann]s ( horse 91 #ha2 prep>ation ( horse =1 #hj1 #ha2 requirem5ts 91 #hd1 #he4 ,%y+1 #cj1 #de1 #ajc1 #ajd1 #bac4 ,side-saddle1 !1 advantages (1 #cg1 #ch2 ! balance /rap1 #adc1 #add2 con/ruction (1 #ace-acg2 diagram = measur+1 #adj2 dress =1 #gd1 #ajh-acj2 ! flaps1 #acf1 #acg1 #aci2 ! frame1 #acg2 ! gir?s1 #ada1 #adb2 l9+1 #aci-ada2 padd+1 #ach1 #aci2 p>k & hunt+1 #acd2 9 polo play+1 #eg2 selection (1 #acc1 #acd4 ,skirt1 safety1 #gd1 #ajc1 #ajh1 #aaa2 divid$1 #acj4 ,snaffle re9s1 #ae-ag1 #bf2 rev]s+ position (1 #bd1 #be1 #bh4 ,spur1 !1 #acj4 ,/allions1 #aij4 ,/>t+1 #baa1 #bab1 #beb2 f\r-9-h&1 #bbe4 ,/ick1 position (1 #ah1 #ai2 #abi4 ,/irrups1 !1 adju/+1 #i1 #ea2 beg9n+ )\t1 #de2 position ( feet 91 #dd2 :5 jump+1 #fe2 safety1 #ajc4 ,/opp+ a horse1 #bb1 #bc2 :5 driv+1 #bjd-bjf1 #beb2 f\r-9-h&1 #bbh4 ,/raight5+ ! team1 #bbg1 #bbh4 ,swales1 ,frank1 8 ,driv+ ,z ,i ,h ,f\nd ,x1 #bja4 ,t&em c>ts1 #bcb1 #bce-bch2 balance (1 #bcg1 #bch4 ,t&em driv+1 #bag et seq41 #bcb-bcd2 dress =1 #bei1 #bfj2 go+ d[nhill1 #bci2 h>ness1 #bcf2 horses1 #bdj4 ,?or\ghbr$1 !1 #afa-afc1 #afe2 rid+1 #afc4 ,tongue ov] bit1 #aec1 #aed4 ,tools1 #bab4 ,tra9+ a horse1 #ii1 #ajj4 ,traps1 dress =1 #bei2 =mal1 #bde-bdi2 inspection (1 #aic2 /epp+ into1 #aid-aig2 /epp+ out (1 #bae1 #baf2 v>i\s /yles (1 #bji4 ,turn+1 9 driv+1 to ! left1 #bjf1 #bjg2 to ! "r1 #bjg2 us+ ! :ip :51 #bjh2 f\r-9-h&1 #bbh-bcb2 t&em1 #bcc2 traps1 #bec4 ,turn+1 9 rid+1 to left1 #ba1 #bb2 to "r1 #ba2 9 ! saddle1 #ajb1 #ajc4 ,und]hill1 ,frank1 8 ,driv+ = ,pleasure1 #bag4 ,und]we>1 #abj1 #acj4 ,wai/coats1 #aji1 #aad1 #aae4 ,walk+ a horse1 9 ! %[-r+1 #hh1 #ij4 ,wat]+ a horse1 #if1 #ig4 ,wel% pony1 #agg1 #agh4 ,:ip1 !1 9 driv+1 cat*+ ! ?ong (1 #bai-bbb1 #bcd2 position (1 #aih-bjj1 #bjb2 selection (1 #bha2 signall+ )1 #bef1 #beg2 use (1 #bjc1 #bjd1 #bab1 #bac2 :5 turn+1 #bjh4 ,:ip1 9 rid+1 position (1 #ae1 #ah1 #ai2 :5 hunt+1 #ge2 ) a companion1 #aja1 #ajb1 #abi4 ,w9k]s1 #bgi4 ,wri/1 supple1 #ai1 #bj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes4 ,punctuation has be5 /&>dis$1 & simple typographical errors h be5 repair$4 ,inconsi/5cies 9 hyph5ation1 & obsolete or v>iant spell+ h be5 pres]v$4