,! ,gold5 ,b\gh ,a ,/udy 9 ,magic & ,religion ,by ,james ,george ,fraz]1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,litt4,d4 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge ,pr(essor ( ,social ,an?ropology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,liv]pool ,?ird ,edition4 ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,"p ,,iii ,! ,dy+ ,god ,new ,york & ,london ,mac,millan & ,co4 #aiaa ,,cont5ts ,preface4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,! ,mortality ,( ,! ,gods4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,! ,kill+ ,( ,! ,div9e ,k+4 #a4 ,pref]5ce = a ,viol5t ,dea?4 #b4 ,k+s kill$ :5 _! ,/r5g? fails4 #c4 ,k+s kill$ at ! ,end ( a ,fix$ ,t]m4 #d4 ,oct5nial ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 #e4 ,fun]al ,games4 #f4 ,! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon4 #g4 ,tri5nial ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 #h4 ,annual ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 #i4 ,diurnal ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,! ,slay+ ,( ,! ,k+ ,9 ,leg5d4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,! ,supply ,( ,k+s4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,tempor>y ,k+s4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,sacrifice ,( ,! ,k+'s ,son4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,succession ,to ,! ,s\l4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,! ,kill+ ,( ,! ,tree-,_s4 #a4 ,! ,:itsuntide ,mumm]s4 #b4 ,mock ,human ,sacrifices4 #c4 ,bury+ ! ,c>nival4 #d4 ,c>ry+ out ,dea?4 #e4 ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman4 #f4 ,br++ 9 ,summ]4 #g4 ,battle ( ,summ] & ,w9t]4 #h4 ,dea? & ,resurrection ( ,ko/rubonko4 #i4 ,dea? & ,revival ( ,vegetation4 #aj4 ,analog\s ,rites 9 ,india4 #aa4 ,! ,magic ,spr+4 ,note ,a4 ,*9ese ,indiff]5ce ,to ,dea?4 ,note ,b4 ,sw++ ,z ,a ,magical ,rite4 ,add5da4 ,index4 ,footnotes ,cov] ,art ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! above cov] image 0 produc$ by ! submitt] at ,di/ribut$ ,pro(read]s1 & is be+ plac$ into ! public doma94 ,,preface4 ,) ?is ?ird "p ( ,! ,gold5 ,b\gh we take up ! "q1 ,:y _h ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood at ,nemi regul>ly to p]i% by ! h& ( 8 successor8 ,9 ! fir/ "p ( ! "w ,i gave "s reasons = ?9k+ t ! prie/ ( ,diana1 :o bore ! title ( ,k+ ( ! ,wood beside ! /ill lake among ! ,alban ,hills1 p]sonat$ ! great god ,jupit] or 8 duplicate ,dianus1 ! deity ( ! oak1 ! ?und]1 & ! sky4 ,on ?is !ory1 accord+ly1 we are at once confront$ ) ! wid] & deep] "q1 ,:y put a man-god or human repres5tative ( deity to a viol5t dea?8 ,:y ext+ui% ! div9e light 9 its e>?ly vessel in/ead ( husb&+ x to its natural close8 ,my g5]al answ] to t "q is conta9$ 9 ! pres5t volume4 ,if ,i am "r1 ! motive = slay+ a man-god is a fe> le/ ) ! enfeeblem5t ( 8 body 9 sickness or old age 8 sacr$ _s %\ld suff] a correspond+ decay1 :i* might imp]il ! g5]al c\rse ( nature & ) x ! exi/5ce ( 8 wor%ipp]s1 :o believe ! cosmic en]gies to be my/]i\sly knit up ) ^? ( _! human div9ity4 ,h5ce1 if !re is any measure ( tru? 9 ?is !ory1 ! practice ( putt+ div9e m5 & p>ticul>ly div9e k+s to dea?1 :i* seems to h be5 common at a p>ticul> /age 9 ! evolution ( society & religion1 0 a crude b pa!tic attempt to dis5gage an immortal _s f its mortal envelope1 to arre/ ! =ces ( decomposition 9 nature by retr5*+ ) ru?less h& ! fir/ om9\s symptoms ( decay4 ,we may smile if we please at ! vanity ( ^! & ! l ef=ts to /ay ! inevitable decl9e1 to br+ ! rel5tless revolution ( ! great :eel to a /&1 to keep y\?'s fleet+ roses = ev] fre% & fair2 b p]haps 9 spite ( e disillusionm5t1 :5 we contemplate ! seem+ly endless vi/as ( k :i* h be5 op5$ up ev5 )9 our own g5]ation1 _m ( u may *]i% 9 our he>t ( he>ts a fancy1 if n a hope1 t "s loophole ( escape may aft] all be discov]$ f ! iron walls ( ! prison-h\se :i* ?reat5 to close on & cru% u2 t1 grop+ ab\t 9 ! d>kness1 mank9d may yet *ance to lay h&s on 8t gold5 key t opes ! palace ( et]nity10 & s to pass f ?is _w ( %ad[s & sorr[ to a _w ( untr\bl$ light & joy4 ,if ?is is a dream1 x is surely a happy & innoc5t "o1 & to ^? :o w\ld wake u f x we may murmur ) ,mi*ael ,angelo1 8,p] non mi de/>1 deh6 p>la basso40 ,j4 ,g4 ,,fraz]4 ,,cambridge1 #aa? ,june #aiaa4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,mortality ,,( ,,! ,,gods4 7,m#a7 ,at an e>ly /age ( 8 intellectual developm5t man deems himself naturally immortal1 & imag9es t 7 x n = ! baleful arts ( sorc]]s1 :o cut ! vital ?read prematurely %ort1 he w\ld live = ev]4 ,! illusion1 s flatt]+ to human wi%es & hopes1 is /ill curr5t among _m savage tribes at ! pres5t day17#a7 & x may be suppos$ to h prevail$ univ]sally 9 t ,age ( ,magic :i* appe>s to h ev]y:]e prec$$ ! ,age ( ,religion4 ,b 9 "t ! sad tru? ( human mortality 0 borne 9 ^u our primitive philosoph] ) a =ce ( demon/ration :i* no prejudice c\ld resi/ & no sophi/ry dissemble4 ,among ! manifold influ5ces :i* comb9$ to wr+ f him a reluctant ass5t to ! necessity ( dea? mu/ be numb]$ ! gr[+ influ5ce ( religion1 :i* by expos+ ! vanity ( magic & ( all ! extravagant pret5sions built on x gradually l[]$ man's pr\d & defiant attitude t[>ds nature1 & taught him to believe t !re are my/]ies 9 ! univ]se :i* 8 feeble intellect c nev] fa?om1 & =ces :i* 8 puny h&s c nev] control4 ,?us m & m he le>n$ to b[ to ! inevitable & to console himself = ! brevity & ! sorr[s ( life on e>? by ! hope ( a blissful et]nity h]eaft]4 ,b if he reluctantly ackn[l$g$ ! exi/5ce ( be+s at once sup]human & sup]natural1 he 0 z yet f> f suspect+ ! wid? & ! dep? ( ! gulf :i* divid$ him f !m4 ,! gods ) :om 8 imag9ation n[ peopl$ ! d>kness ( ! unkn[n 7 inde$ admitt$ by him to be 8 sup]iors 9 k & 9 p[]1 9 ! joy\s spl5d\r ( _! life & 9 ! l5g? ( its duration4 ,b1 ?\gh he knew x n1 ^! glori\s & awful be+s 7 m]ely1 l ! spectre ( ! ,brock51 ! reflections ( 8 own dim9utive p]sonality exagg]at$ into gigantic proportions by di/ance & by ! mi/s & cl\ds ^u :i* !y 7 ca/4 ,man 9 fact creat$ gods 9 8 own lik5ess & be+ himself mortal he naturally suppos$ 8 creatures to be 9 ! same sad pr$icam5t4 ,?us ! ,gre5l&]s believ$ t a w9d c\ld kill _! mo/ p[]ful god1 & t he w\ld c]ta9ly die if he t\*$ a dog4 ,:5 !y he>d ( ! ,*ri/ian ,god1 !y kept ask+ if he nev] di$1 & be+ in=m$ t he did n1 !y 7 mu* surpris$1 & said t he mu/ be a v great god inde$47#b7 ,9 answ] to ! enquiries ( ,colonel ,dodge1 a ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian /at$ t ! _w 0 made by ! ,great ,_s4 ,be+ ask$ :i* ,great ,_s he meant1 ! good "o or ! bad "o1 8,oh1 nei!r ( !m0 repli$ he1 8! ,great ,_s t made ! _w is dead long ago4 ,he c\ld n possibly h liv$ z long z ?is407#c7 ,a tribe 9 ! ,philipp9e ,isl&s told ! ,spani% conqu]ors t ! grave ( ! ,creator 0 ^u ! top ( ,m\nt ,cabunian47#d7 ,heitsi-eibib1 a god or div9e h]o ( ! ,hott5tots1 di$ sev]al times & came to life aga94 ,8 graves are g5]ally to be met ) 9 n>r[ defiles betwe5 m\nta9s4 ,:5 ! ,hott5tots pass "o ( !m1 !y ?r[ a /one on x = good luck1 sometimes mutt]+ 8,give u pl5ty ( cattle407#e7 ,! grave ( ,zeus1 ! great god ( ,greece1 0 %ewn to visitors 9 ,crete z late z ab\t ! beg9n+ ( our era47#f7 ,! body ( ,dionysus 0 buri$ at ,delphi beside ! gold5 /atue ( ,apollo1 & 8 tomb bore ! inscription1 8,"h lies ,dionysus dead1 ! son ( ,semele407#g7 ,accord+ to "o acc\nt1 ,apollo himself 0 buri$ at ,delphi2 = ,py?agoras is said to h c>v$ an inscription on 8 tomb1 sett+ =? h[ ! god _h be5 kill$ by ! py?on & buri$ "u ! tripod47#h7 ,! anci5t god ,cronus 0 buri$ 9 ,sicily17#i7 & ! graves ( ,h]mes1 ,aphrodite1 & ,ares 7 %ewn 9 ,h]mopolis1 ,cyprus1 & ,?race47#aj7 7,m#b7 ,! great gods ( ,egypt !mselves 7 n exempt f ! common lot4 ,!y too grew old & di$4 ,= l m5 !y 7 compos$ ( body & s\l1 & l m5 7 subject to all ! passions & infirmities ( ! fle%4 ,_! bodies1 x is true1 7 fa%ion$ ( m e!real m\ld1 & la/$ long] ?an ours1 b !y c\ld n hold out = ev] aga9/ ! siege ( "t4 ,age conv]t$ _! bones into silv]1 _! fle% into gold1 & _! azure locks into lapis-lazuli4 ,:5 _! "t came1 !y pass$ away f ! *e]ful _w ( ! liv+ to reign z dead gods ov] dead m5 9 ! melan*oly _w beyond ! grave4 ,ev5 _! s\ls1 l ^? ( mank9d1 c\ld only endure aft] dea? s long z _! bodies held toge!r2 & h5ce x 0 z ne$ful to pres]ve ! corpses ( ! gods z ! corpses ( common folk1 le/ ) ! div9e body ! div9e _s %\ld also come to an untimely end4 ,at fir/ _! rema9s 7 laid to re/ "u ! des]t s&s ( ! m\nta9s1 t ! dryness ( ! soil & ! purity ( ! air might protect !m f putrefaction & decay4 ,h5ce "o ( ! olde/ titles ( ! ,egyptian gods is 8!y :o are "u ! s&s40 ,b :5 at a lat] "t ! discov]y ( ! art ( embalm+ gave a new lease ( life to ! s\ls ( ! dead by pres]v+ _! bodies = an indef9ite "t f corruption1 ! deities 7 p]mitt$ to %>e ! b5efit ( an inv5tion :i* held out to gods z well z to m5 a reasonable hope ( immortality4 ,e prov9ce !n _h ! tomb & mummy ( its dead god4 ,! mummy ( ,osiris 0 to be se5 at ,m5des2 ,?9is boa/$ ( ! mummy ( ,anh\ri2 & ,heliopolis rejoic$ 9 ! possession ( t ( ,t\m\47#aa7 ,b :ile _! bodies lay swa!d & b&ag$ "h on e>? 9 ! tomb1 _! s\ls1 if we may tru/ ! ,egyptian prie/s1 %one z bright />s 9 ! firmam5t4 ,! s\l ( ,isis sp>kl$ 9 ,sirius1 ! s\l ( ,horus 9 ,orion1 & ! s\l ( ,typhon 9 ! ,great ,be>47#ab7 ,b ! dea? ( ! god did n involve ! ext9ction ( 8 sacr$ /ock2 = he commonly _h by 8 wife a son & heir1 :o on ! demise ( 8 div9e p>5t succe$$ to ! full rank1 p[]1 & hon\rs ( ! godhead47#ac7 ,! high gods ( ,babylon also1 ?\gh !y appe>$ to _! wor%ipp]s only 9 dreams & visions1 7 conceiv$ to be human 9 _! bodily %ape1 human 9 _! passions1 & human 9 _! fate2 = l m5 !y 7 born into ! _w1 & l m5 !y lov$ & f\ght & di$47#ad7 7,m#c7 ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s /ories ( ! dea? ( a god is told by ,plut>*4 ,x runs ?us4 ,9 ! reign ( ! emp]or ,tib]ius a c]ta9 s*oolma/] nam$ ,epi!rses 0 sail+ f ,greece to ,italy4 ,! %ip 9 :i* he _h tak5 8 passage 0 a m]*antman & !re 7 _m o!r pass5g]s on bo>d4 ,at ev5+1 :5 !y 7 (f ! ,e*9adian ,isl&s1 ! w9d di$ away1 & ! vessel drift$ close 9 to ! isl& ( ,paxos4 ,mo/ ( ! pass5g]s 7 awake & _m 7 /ill dr9k+ w9e aft] d9n]1 :5 sudd5ly a voice hail$ ! %ip f ! isl&1 call+ ^u ,?amus4 ,! crew & pass5g]s 7 tak5 by surprise1 = ?\gh !re 0 an ,egyptian pilot nam$ ,?amus on bo>d1 few knew him ev5 by "n4 ,twice ! cry 0 repeat$1 b ,?amus kept sil5ce4 ,h[ev]1 at ! ?ird call he answ]$1 & ! voice f ! %ore1 n[ l\d] ?an ev]1 said1 8,:5 y are come to ,palodes1 ann\nce t ! ,great ,pan is dead40 ,a/oni%m5t fell ^u all1 & !y consult$ :e!r x w\ld be bett] to d ! bidd+ ( ! voice or n4 ,at la/ ,?amus resolv$ t1 if ! w9d held1 he w\ld pass ! place 9 sil5ce1 b if x dropp$ :5 !y 7 (f ,palodes he w\ld give ! message4 ,well1 :5 !y 7 come to ,palodes1 !re 0 a great calm2 s ,?amus /&+ 9 ! /]n & look+ t[>ds ! l& cri$ out1 z he _h be5 bidd51 8,! ,great ,pan is dead40 ,! words _h h>dly pass$ 8 lips :5 a l\d s\nd ( lam5tation broke on _! e>s1 z if a multitude 7 m\rn+4 ,?is /range /ory1 v\*$ = by _m on bo>d1 soon got w9d at ,rome1 & ,?amus 0 s5t = & que/ion$ by ! emp]or ,tib]ius himself1 :o caus$ enquiries to be made ab\t ! dead god47#ae7 ,9 mod]n times1 also1 ! annunciation ( ! dea? ( ! ,great ,pan has be5 mu* discuss$ & v>i\s explanations ( x h be5 sugge/$4 ,on ! :ole ! simple/ & mo/ natural w\ld seem to be t ! deity ^: sad end 0 ?us my/]i\sly proclaim$ & lam5t$ 0 ! ,syrian god ,tammuz or ,adonis1 ^: dea? is kn[n to h be5 annually bewail$ by 8 foll[]s bo? 9 ,greece & 9 8 native ,syria4 ,at ,a!ns ! solemnity fell at midsumm]1 & !re is no improbability 9 ! view t 9 a ,greek isl& a b& ( wor%ipp]s ( ,tammuz %\ld h be5 celebrat+ ! dea? ( _! god ) ! cu/om>y passionate demon/rations ( sorr[ at ! v "t :5 a %ip lay becalm$ (f ! %ore1 & t 9 ! /illness ( ! summ] night ! voices ( lam5tation %\ld h be5 waft$ ) />tl+ di/9ctness across ! wat] & %\ld h made on ! m9ds ( ! li/5+ pass5g]s a deep & la/+ impression47#af7 ,h[ev] t may be1 /ories ( ! same k9d f\nd curr5cy 9 we/]n ,asia d[n to ! ,middle ,ages4 ,an ,arab writ] relates t 9 ! ye> #ajfc or #ajfd ,a4,d41 9 ! reign ( ! caliph ,caiem1 a rum\r w5t abroad ?r\gh ,bagdad1 :i* soon spread all ov] ! prov9ce ( ,irac1 t "s ,turks out hunt+ 9 ! des]t _h se5 a black t5t1 :]e _m m5 & wom5 7 beat+ _! faces & utt]+ l\d cries1 z x is ! cu/om to d 9 ! ,ea/ :5 "s "o is dead4 ,& among ! cries !y di/+ui%$ ^! words1 8,! great ,k+ ( ! ,j9n is dead1 woe to ?is c\ntry60 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is a my/]i\s ?reat 0 circulat$ f ,arm5ia to ,*uzi/an t e t[n :i* did n lam5t ! dead ,k+ ( ! ,j9n %\ld utt]ly p]i%4 ,aga91 9 ! ye> #abjc or #abjd ,a4,d4 a fatal disease1 :i* attack$ ! ?roat1 rag$ 9 p>ts ( ,mosul & ,irac1 & x 0 divulg$ t a woman ( ! ,j9n call$ ,umm ',uncd or 8,"m ( ! ,grape-clu/]0 _h lo/ h] son1 & t all :o did n lam5t = him w\ld fall victims to ! epidemic4 ,s m5 & wom5 s\ght to save !mselves f dea? by assembl+ & beat+ _! faces1 :ile !y cri$ out 9 a lam5table voice1 8,o "m ( ! ,grape-clu/]1 excuse u2 ! ,grape-clu/] is dead2 we knew x n407#ag7 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,kill+ ,,( ,,! ,,div9e ,,k+4 #a4 ,pref]5ce = a ,viol5t ,dea?4 7,m#d7 ,if ! high gods1 :o dwell remote f ! fret & fev] ( ?is e>?ly life1 are yet believ$ to die at la/1 x is n to be expect$ t a god :o lodges 9 a frail tab]nacle ( fle% %\ld escape ! same fate1 ?\gh we he> ( ,african k+s :o h imag9$ !mselves immortal by virtue ( _! sorc]ies47#ah7 ,n[ primitive peoples1 z we h se517#ai7 sometimes believe t _! safety & ev5 t ( ! _w is b\nd up ) ! life ( "o ( ^! god-m5 or human inc>nations ( ! div9ity4 ,naturally1 !re=e1 !y take ! utmo/ c>e ( 8 life1 out ( a reg>d = _! own4 ,b no am\nt ( c>e & precaution w prev5t ! man-god f gr[+ old & feeble & at la/ dy+4 ,8 wor%ipp]s h to lay _! acc\nt ) ?is sad necessity & to meet x z be/ !y c4 ,! dang] is a =midable "o2 = if ! c\rse ( nature is dep5d5t on ! man-god's life1 :at cata/rophes may n be expect$ f ! gradual enfeeblem5t ( 8 p[]s & _! f9al ext9ction 9 dea?8 ,!re is only "o way ( av]t+ ^! dang]s4 ,! man-god mu/ be kill$ z soon z he %ews symptoms t 8 p[]s are beg9n+ to fail1 & 8 s\l mu/ be transf]r$ to a vigor\s successor be=e x has be5 s]i\sly impair$ by ! ?reat5$ decay4 ,! advantages ( ?us putt+ ! man-god to dea? in/ead ( all[+ him to die ( old age & disease are1 to ! savage1 obvi\s en\gh4 ,= if ! man-god dies :at we call a natural dea?1 x means1 accord+ to ! savage1 t 8 s\l has ei!r volunt>ily dep>t$ f 8 body & refuses to return1 or m commonly t x has be5 extract$1 or at lea/ deta9$ 9 its w&]+s1 by a demon or sorc]]47#bj7 ,9 any ( ^! cases ! s\l ( ! man-god is lo/ to 8 wor%ipp]s2 & ) x _! prosp]ity is gone & _! v exi/5ce endang]$4 ,ev5 if !y c\ld arrange to cat* ! s\l ( ! dy+ god z x left 8 lips or 8 no/rils & s transf] x to a successor1 ?is w\ld n effect _! purpose2 =1 dy+ ( disease1 8 s\l w\ld necess>ily leave 8 body 9 ! la/ /age ( weakness & exhau/ion1 & s enfeebl$ x w\ld cont9ue to drag out a languid1 in]t exi/5ce 9 any body to :i* x might be transf]r$4 ,:]eas by slay+ him 8 wor%ipp]s c\ld1 9 ! fir/ place1 make sure ( cat*+ 8 s\l z x escap$ & transf]r+ x to a suitable successor2 &1 9 ! second place1 by putt+ him to dea? be=e 8 natural =ce 0 abat$1 !y w\ld secure t ! _w %\ld n fall into decay ) ! decay ( ! man-god4 ,e purpose1 !re=e1 0 answ]$1 & all dang]s av]t$ by ?us kill+ ! man-god & transf]r+ 8 s\l1 :ile yet at its prime1 to a vigor\s successor4 7,m#e7 ,"s ( ! reasons = pref]r+ a viol5t dea? to ! sl[ dea? ( old age or disease are obvi\sly z applicable to common m5 z to ! man-god4 ,?us ! ,mangaians ?9k t 8! spirits ( ^? :o die a natural dea? are excessively feeble & weak1 z _! bodies 7 at dissolution2 :]eas ! spirits ( ^? :o are sla9 9 battle are /rong & vigor\s1 _! bodies n hav+ be5 r$uc$ by disease407#ba7 ,! ,b>ongo believe t 9 ! _w beyond ! grave ! spirits ( _! dead ance/ors appe> ) ! exact =m & l9eam5ts :i* _! bodies exhibit$ at ! mom5t ( dea?2 ! spirits are "y or old accord+ z _! bodies 7 "y or old :5 !y di$2 !re are baby spirits :o crawl ab\t on all f\rs47#bb7 ,! ,l5gua ,indians ( ! ,gran ,*aco are p]suad$ t ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ correspond exactly 9 =m & *>act]i/ics to ! bodies :i* !y quitt$ at dea?2 ?us a tall man is tall1 a %ort man is %ort1 & a de=m$ man is de=m$ 9 ! _s-l&1 & ! disembodi$ s\l ( a *ild rema9s a *ild1 x nev] develops into an adult4 ,h5ce !y burn ! body ( a murd]] & scatt] ! a%es to ! w9ds1 ?9k+ t ?is treatm5t w prev5t 8 _s f assum+ human %ape 9 ! o!r _w47#bc7 ,s1 too1 ! ,naga tribes ( ,manipur hold t ! gho/ ( a dead man is an exact image ( ! deceas$ z he 0 at ! mom5t ( dea?1 ) 8 sc>s1 tattoo m>ks1 mutilations1 & all ! re/47#bd7 ,! ,bag&a ?9k t ! gho/s ( m5 :o 7 mutilat$ 9 life are mutilat$ 9 l mann] aft] dea?2 s to avoid t %ame !y w r die ) all _! limbs ?an lose "o by amputation & live47#be7 ,h5ce1 m5 sometimes pref] to kill !mselves or to be kill$ be=e !y gr[ feeble1 9 ord] t 9 ! future life _! s\ls may />t fre% & vigor\s z !y left _! bodies1 in/ead ( decrepit & worn out ) age & disease4 ,?us 9 ,fiji1 8self-immolation is by no means r>e1 & !y believe t z !y leave ?is life1 s !y w rema9 ev] aft]4 ,?is =ms a p[]ful motive to escape f decrepitude1 or f a crippl$ condition1 by a volunt>y dea?407#bf7 ,or1 z ano!r obs]v] ( ! ,fijians puts x m fully1 8! cu/om ( volunt>y suicide on ! "p ( ! old m51 :i* is among _! mo/ extraord9>y usages1 is also connect$ ) _! sup]/itions respect+ a future life4 ,!y believe t p]sons ent] ^u ! delights ( _! elysium ) ! same faculties1 m5tal & physical1 t !y possess at ! h\r ( dea?1 9 %ort1 t ! spiritual life comm5ces :]e ! corporeal exi/5ce t]m9ates4 ,) ^! views1 x is natural t !y %\ld desire to pass ?r\gh ?is *ange be=e _! m5tal & bodily p[]s are s enfeebl$ by age z to deprive !m ( _! capacity = enjoym5t4 ,to ?is motive mu/ be add$ ! contempt :i* atta*es to physical weakness among a nation ( w>riors1 & ! wrongs & insults :i* await ^? :o are no long] able to protect !mselves4 ,:5 !re=e a man f9ds 8 /r5g? decl9+ ) ! advance ( age1 & feels t he w soon be unequal to dis*>ge ! duties ( ?is life1 & to p>take 9 ! pleasures ( t :i* is to come1 he calls toge!r 8 relations1 & tells !m t he is n[ worn out & useless1 t he sees !y are all a%am$ ( him1 & t he has det]m9$ to be buri$40 ,s on a day appo9t$ !y us$ to meet & bury him alive47#bg7 ,9 ,vat1 "o ( ! ,new ,hebrides1 ! ag$ 7 buri$ alive at _! own reque/4 ,x 0 consid]$ a disgrace to ! family ( an old *ief if he 0 n buri$ alive47#bh7 ,( ! ,kamants1 a ,jewi% tribe 9 ,abyss9ia1 x is report$ t 8!y nev] let a p]son die a natural dea?1 b t if any ( _! relatives is ne>ly expir+1 ! prie/ ( ! village is call$ to cut 8 ?roat2 if ?is be omitt$1 !y believe t ! dep>t$ s\l has n ent]$ ! mansions ( ! bless$407#bi7 ,! old ,greek philosoph] ,h]aclitus ?\ght t ! s\ls ( ^? :o die 9 battle are pur] ?an ! s\ls ( ^? :o die ( disease47#cj7 7,m#f7 ,among ! ,*iriguanos1 a tribe ( ,s\? ,am]ican ,indians on ! riv] ,pilcomayo1 :5 a man 0 at ! po9t ( dea? 8 ne>e/ relative us$ to break 8 sp9e by a bl[ ( an axe1 = !y ?\ght t to die a natural dea? 0 ! greate/ mis=tune t c\ld befall a man47#ca7 ,:5ev] a ,payagua ,indian ( ,p>aguay1 or a ,guayana ( s\?-ea/]n ,brazil1 grew we>y ( life1 a fea/ 0 made1 & amid ! revelry & danc+ ! man 0 gumm$ & fea!r$ ) ! plumage ( _m-col\r$ birds4 ,a huge j> _h be5 previ\sly fix$ 9 ! gr\nd to be ready = him2 9 ?is he 0 plac$1 ! m\? ( ! j> 0 cov]$ ) a heavy lid ( bak$ clay1 ! e>? 0 heap$ ov] x1 & ?us 8he w5t to 8 doom m joyful & gladsome ?an to 8 fir/ nuptials407#cb7 ,among ! ,koryaks ( nor?-ea/]n ,asia1 :5 a man felt t 8 la/ h\r 0 come1 sup]/ition =m]ly requir$ t he %\ld ei!r kill himself or be kill$ by a fri5d1 9 ord] t he might escape ! ,evil ,"o & deliv] himself up to ! ,good ,god47#cc7 ,simil>ly among ! ,*uk*ees ( ! same region1 :5 a man's /r5g? fails & he is tir$ ( life1 he reque/s 8 son or o!r ne> relation to despat* him1 indicat+ ! mann] ( dea? he pref]s to die4 ,s1 on a day appo9t$1 8 fri5ds & neighb\rs assemble1 & 9 _! pres5ce he is /abb$1 /rangl$1 or o!rwise dispos$ ( accord+ to 8 directions47#cd7 ,! turbul5t ,angamis are ! mo/ w>like & blood?ir/y ( ! wild head-hunt+ tribes 9 ! valley ( ! ,brahmapootra4 ,among !m1 :5 a w>rior dies a natural dea?1 8 ne>e/ male relative takes a spe> & w\nds ! corpse by a bl[ on ! head1 9 ord] t ! man may be receiv$ ) hon\r 9 ! o!r _w z "o :o has di$ 9 battle47#ce7 ,! hea!n ,norsem5 believ$ t only ^? :o fell fight+ 7 receiv$ by ,od9 9 ,valhalla2 h5ce x appe>s to h be5 cu/om>y to w\nd ! dy+ ) a spe>1 9 ord] to secure _! admission to ! happy l&4 ,! cu/om may h be5 a mitigation ( a /ill old] practice ( slaught]+ ! sick47#cf7 ,we "k f ,procopius t among ! ,h]uli1 a ,teutonic tribe1 ! sick & old 7 regul>ly sla9 at _! own reque/ & !n burn$ on a pyre47#cg7 ,! ,w5ds us$ to kill _! ag$ p>5ts & o!r k9sfolk1 & hav+ kill$ !m !y boil$ & ate _! bodies2 & ! old folks pref]r$ to die ?us r ?an to drag out a we>y life ( weakness & decrepitude47#ch7 #b4 ,k+s kill$ :5 _! ,/r5g? fails4 7,m#g7 ,b x is ) ! dea? ( ! god-man--! div9e k+ or prie/--t we are "h especially conc]n$4 ,! my/ic k+s ( ,fire & ,wat] 9 ,cambodia are n all[$ to die a natural dea?4 ,h5ce :5 "o ( !m is s]i\sly ill & ! eld]s ?9k t he _c recov]1 !y /ab him to dea?47#ci7 ,! p ( ,congo believ$1 z we h se517#dj7 t if _! pontiff ! ,*itom 7 to die a natural dea?1 ! _w w\ld p]i%1 & ! e>?1 :i* he alone su/a9$ by 8 p[] & m]it1 w\ld imm$iately be annihilat$4 ,accord+ly :5 he fell ill & seem$ likely to die1 ! man :o 0 de/9$ to be 8 successor ent]$ ! pontiff's h\se ) a rope or a club & /rangl$ or clubb$ him to dea?47#da7 ,a full] acc\nt ( ?is cu/om is giv5 by an old ,italian writ] z foll[s3 8,let u pass to ! dea? ( ! magicians1 :o (t5 die a viol5t dea?1 & t = ! mo/ "p volunt>ily4 ,i %all speak only ( ! head ( ?is crew1 f :om 8 foll[]s take example4 ,he is call$ ,ganga ,*itome1 be+ reput$ god ( ! e>?4 ,! fir/-fruits ( all ! crops are (f]$ to him z 8 due1 because !y are ?\ght to be produc$ by 8 p[]1 & n by nature at ! bidd+ ( ! ,mo/ ,high ,god4 ,?is p[] he boa/s he c imp>t to o!rs1 :5 & to :om he pleases4 ,he ass]ts t 8 body _c die a natural dea?1 & !re=e :5 he kn[s he is ne> ! end ( 8 days1 :e!r x is br\ght ab\t by sickness or age1 or :e!r he is delud$ by ! demon1 he calls "o ( 8 disciples to :om he wi%es to communicate 8 p[]1 9 ord] t he may succe$ him4 ,& hav+ made him tie a noose to 8 neck he comm&s him to /rangle him1 or to knock him on ! head ) a great cudgel & kill him4 ,8 disciple obeys & s5ds him a m>tyr to ! devil1 to suff] torm5ts ) ,lucif] 9 ! flames = ev]4 ,?is trag$y is enact$ 9 public1 9 ord] t 8 successor may be manife/$1 :o ha? ! p[] ( f]tilis+ ! e>?1 ! p[] hav+ be5 imp>t$ to him by ! deceas$2 o!rwise1 s !y say1 ! e>? w\ld rema9 b>r51 & ! _w w\ld p]i%4 ,oh too great fooli%ness & palpable bl9dness ( ! g5tiles1 to enlight5 ! eye ( ^: m9d !re w\ld be ne$$ ! v h& ( ,*ri/ :]eby he op5$ ! bodily eyes ( him t _h be5 born bl9d6 ,i "k t 9 my "t "o ( ^! magicians 0 ca/ into ! sea1 ano!r into a riv]1 a "m put to dea? ) h] son1 & _m m seiz$ by our ord]s & bani%$407#db7 ,! ,e?iopian k+s ( ,m]oe 7 wor%ipp$ z gods2 b :5ev] ! prie/s *ose1 !y s5t a mess5g] to ! k+1 ord]+ him to die1 & alleg+ an oracle ( ! gods z _! au?ority = ! comm&4 ,?is comm& ! k+s always obey$ d[n to ! reign ( ,ergam5es1 a contempor>y ( ,ptolemy ,,ii41 ,k+ ( ,egypt4 ,hav+ receiv$ a ,greek education :i* emancipat$ him f ! sup]/itions ( 8 c\ntrym51 ,ergam5es v5tur$ to disreg>d ! comm& ( ! prie/s1 &1 ent]+ ! ,gold5 ,temple ) a body ( soldi]s1 put ! prie/s to ! sword47#dc7 7,m#h7 ,cu/oms ( ! same sort appe> to h prevail$ 9 ?is region d[n to mod]n times4 ,?us we are told t 9 ,fazoql1 a di/rict 9 ! valley ( ! ,blue ,nile1 to ! we/ ( ,abyss9ia1 x 0 cu/om>y1 z late z ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 to hang a k+ :o 0 no long] belov$4 ,8 relatives & m9i/]s assembl$ r\nd him1 & ann\nc$ t z he no long] pleas$ ! m51 ! wom51 ! asses1 ! ox51 & ! f[ls ( ! c\ntry1 x 0 bett] he %\ld die4 ,once on a "t1 :5 a k+ 0 unwill+ to take ! h9t1 8 own wife & "m urg$ him s /rongly n to disgrace himself by disreg>d+ ! cu/om1 t he submitt$ to 8 fate & 0 /rung up 9 ! usual way4 ,9 "s tribes ( ,fazoql ! k+ _h to adm9i/] ju/ice daily "u a c]ta9 tree4 ,if f sickness or any o!r cause he 0 unable to dis*>ge ?is duty = ?ree :ole days1 he 0 hang$ on ! tree 9 a noose1 :i* conta9$ two razors s arrang$ t :5 ! noose 0 drawn tight by ! weight ( ! k+'s body !y cut 8 ?roat47#dd7 ,at ,fazolgl\ an annual fe/ival1 :i* p>took ( ! nature ( a ,saturnalia1 0 prec$$ by a =mal trial ( ! k+ 9 front ( 8 h\se4 ,! judges 7 ! *ief m5 ( ! c\ntry4 ,! k+ sat on 8 royal /ool dur+ ! trial1 surr\nd$ by arm$ m51 :o 7 ready to c>ry out a s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,a little way (f a jackal & a dog 7 ti$ to a po/4 ,! conduct ( ! k+ dur+ 8 ye> ( (fice 0 discuss$1 compla9ts 7 he>d1 & if ! v]dict 0 unfav\rable1 ! k+ 0 execut$ & 8 successor *os5 f among ! memb]s ( 8 family4 ,b if ! mon>* 0 acquitt$1 ! p at once paid _! homage to him afre%1 & ! dog or ! jackal 0 kill$ 9 8 /ead4 ,?is cu/om la/$ d[n to ! ye> #ahcg or #ahch1 :5 k+ ,yass9 0 ?us condemn$ & execut$47#de7 ,8 nephew ,assusa 0 compell$ "u ?reats ( dea? to succe$ him 9 ! (fice47#df7 ,aft]w>ds x w\ld seem t ! dea? ( ! dog 0 regul>ly accept$ z a sub/itute = ! dea? ( ! k+4 ,at lea/ ?is may be inf]r$ f a lat] acc\nt ( ! ,fazoql practice1 :i* runs ?us3 8,! mean+ ( ano!r ( _! cu/oms is q obscure4 ,at a c]ta9 "t ( ! ye> !y h a k9d ( c>nival1 :]e e "o does :at he likes be/4 ,f\r m9i/]s ( ! k+ !n be> him on an anq>eb out ( 8 h\se to an op5 space ( gr\nd2 a dog is fa/5$ by a long cord to "o ( ! feet ( ! anq>eb4 ,! :ole population collects r\nd ! place1 /ream+ 9 on e side4 ,!y !n ?r[ d>ts & /ones at ! dog1 till he is kill$1 aft] :i* ! k+ is aga9 borne into 8 h\se407#dg7 7,m#i7 ,a cu/om ( putt+ _! div9e k+s to dea? at ! fir/ symptoms ( infirmity or old age prevail$ until lately1 if inde$ x is ev5 n[ ext9ct & n m]ely dormant1 among ! ,%illuk ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 & 9 rec5t ye>s x has be5 c>efully inve/igat$ by ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann1 to ^: rese>*es ,i am indebt$ = ! foll[+ detail$ in=mation on ! subject47#dh7 ,! ,%illuk are a tribe or nation :o inhabit a long n>r[ fr+e ( t]ritory on ! we/]n bank ( ! ,:ite ,nile f ,kaka 9 ! nor? to ,lake ,no 9 ! s\?1 z well z a /rip on ! ea/]n bank ( ! riv]1 :i* /ret*es f ,fa%oda to ,taufikia & = "s ?irty-five miles up ! ,sobat ,riv]4 ,! c\ntry ( ! ,%illuk is almo/ entirely 9 grass1 h5ce ! pr9cipal weal? ( ! p consi/s 9 _! flocks & h]ds1 b !y also gr[ a consid]able quantity ( ! species ( millet :i* is kn[n z durra4 ,b ?\gh ! ,%illuk are ma9ly a pa/oral p1 !y are n nomadic1 b live 9 _m settl$ villages4 ,! tribe at pres5t numb]s ab\t =ty ?\s& s\ls1 & is gov]n$ by a s+le k+ 7ret71 ^: resid5ce is at ,fa%oda4 ,8 subjects take great c>e ( him1 & hold him 9 mu* hon\r4 ,9 ! old days 8 ^w 0 law & he 0 n suff]$ to g =? to battle4 ,at ! pres5t day he /ill keeps up consid]able /ate & ex]cises mu* au?ority2 8 decisions on all matt]s br\ght be=e him are readily obey$2 & he nev] moves )\t a bodygu>d ( f twelve to tw5ty m54 ,! rev]5ce :i* ! ,%illuk pay to _! k+ appe>s to arise *iefly f ! conviction t he is a re9c>nation ( ! _s ( ,nyakang1 ! semi-div9e h]o :o f\nd$ ! dyna/y & settl$ ! tribe 9 _! pres5t t]ritory1 to :i* he is v>i\sly said to h conduct$ !m ei!r f ! we/ or f ! s\?4 ,tradition has pres]v$ ! p$igree ( ! k+s f ,nyakang to ! pres5t day4 ,! numb] ( k+s record$ betwe5 ,nyakang & ! fa!r ( ! reign+ mon>* is tw5ty1 di/ribut$ ov] twelve g5]ations2 b ,dr4 ,seligmann is ( op9ion t _m m mu/ h reign$1 & t ! g5ealogy ( ! fir/ six or sev5 k+s1 z giv5 to him1 has be5 mu* abbreviat$4 ,!re seems to be no reason to d\bt ! hi/orical "* ( all ( !m1 ?\gh my?s h ga!r$ l cl\ds r\nd ! p]sons ( ,nyakang & 8 imm$iate successors4 ,! ,%illuk ab\t ,kodok 7,fa%oda7 ?9k ( ,nyakang z hav+ be5 a man 9 appe>ance & physical qualities1 ?\gh unlike 8 royal desc5dants ( m rec5t times he did n die b simply disappe>$4 ,8 hol9ess is manife/$ especially by 8 relation to ,jok1 ! great god ( ! ,%illuk1 :o creat$ man & is responsible = ! ord] ( nature4 ,jok is =mless & invisible & l ! air he is ev]y:]e at once4 ,he is f> above ,nyakang & m5 alike1 b he is n wor%ipp$ directly1 & x is only ?r\gh ! int]cession ( ,nyakang1 ^: fav\r ! ,%illuk secure by means ( sacrifices1 t ,jok c be induc$ to s5d ! ne$$ ra9 = ! cattle & ! crops47#di7 ,9 8 "* ( ra9-giv] ,nyakang is ! great b5efactor ( ! ,%illuk4 ,_! c\ntry1 bak$ by ! burn+ heat ( ! tropical sun1 dep5ds entirely = its f]tility on ! wat]s ( heav51 = ! p d n resort to artificial irrigation4 ,:5 ! ra9 falls1 !n ! grass spr\ts1 ! millet gr[s1 ! cattle ?rive1 & ! p h food to eat4 ,dr\ght br+s fam9e & dea? 9 its tra947#ej7 ,nyakang is said n only to h br\ght ! ,%illuk into _! pres5t l&1 b to h made !m into a nation ( w>riors1 divid$ ! c\ntry among !m1 regulat$ m>riage1 & made ! laws47#ea7 ,! religion ( ! ,%illuk at ! pres5t "t consi/s ma9ly ( ! wor%ip paid to ?is semi-div9e h]o1 ! tradition>y ance/or ( _! k+s4 ,!re seems to be no reason to d\bt t ! traditions conc]n+ him are sub/antially correct2 9 all probability he 0 simply a man :om ! sup]/ition ( 8 fell[s 9 8 own & subsequ5t ages has rais$ to ! rank ( a deity47#eb7 ,no less ?an t5 %r9es are d$icat$ to 8 wor%ip2 ! ?ree mo/ fam\s are at ,fa%oda1 ,akurwa1 & ,f5ikang4 ,!y consi/ ( "o or m huts enclos$ by a f5ce2 g5]ally !re are sev]al huts )9 ! enclosure1 "o or m ( !m be+ occupi$ by ! gu>dians ( ! %r9e4 ,^! gu>dians are old m51 :o n only keep ! hall[$ spot scrupul\sly clean1 b also act z prie/s1 kill+ ! sacrificial victims :i* are br\ght to ! %r9e1 %>+ _! fle%1 & tak+ ! sk9s = !mselves4 ,all ! %r9es ( ,nyakang are call$ graves ( ,nyakang 7k5go ,nyakang71 ?\gh x is well kn[n t nobody is buri$ !re47#ec7 ,sacr$ spe>s are kept 9 all ( !m & are us$ to slaught] ! victims (f]$ 9 sacrifice at ! %r9es4 ,! orig9als ( ^! spe>s are said to h belong$ to ,nyakang & 8 companions1 b !y h disappe>$ & be5 replac$ by o!rs4 7,m#aj7 ,two great c]emonies are annually p]=m$ at ! %r9es ( ,nyakang3 "o ( !m is int5d$ to ensure ! fall ( ra91 ! o!r is celebrat$ at h>ve/4 ,at ! ra9-mak+ c]emony1 :i* is held be=e ! ra9s at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon? alabor1 a bullock is sla9 ) a sacr$ spe> be=e ! door ( ! %r9e1 :ile ! k+ /&s by pray+ 9 a l\d voice to ,nyakang to s5d d[n ! refre%+ %[]s on ! ?ir/y l&4 ,z mu* ( ! blood ( ! victim z possible is collect$ 9 a g\rd & ?r[n into ! riv]1 p]haps z a ra9-*>m4 ,?is int5tion ( ! sacrifice comes out m pla9ly 9 a =m ( ! ritual :i* is said to be obs]v$ at ,a%op4 ,!re ! sacrificial bullock is spe>$ high up 9 ! flank1 s t ! w\nd is n imm$iately fatal4 ,!n ! w\nd$ animal is all[$ & inde$ enc\rag$ to walk to & f ! riv] be=e x s9ks d[n & dies4 ,9 ! blood t /reams f its side on ! gr\nd ! p may see a symbol ( ! look$-= ra947#ed7 ,c>e is tak5 n to break ! bones ( ! animal1 & !y1 l ! blood1 are ?r[n into ! riv]4 ,at ! annual ra9-mak+ c]emony a c[ is also d$icat$ to ,nyakang3 x is n kill$ b add$ to ! sacr$ h]d ( ! %r9e4 ,! o!r great annual c]emony obs]v$ at ! %r9es ( ,nyakang falls at h>ve/4 ,:5 ! millet has be5 reap$1 e "o br+s a portion ( ! gra9 to a %r9e ( ,nyakang1 :]e x is gr\nd into fl\r1 :i* is made into porridge ) wat] fet*$ f ! riv]4 ,!n "s ( ! porridge is p\r$ out on ! ?re%old ( ! hut :i* ! _s ( ,nyakang is suppos$ to inhabit2 "s ( x is sme>$ on ! out] walls ( ! build+2 & "s ( x is empti$ out on ! gr\nd outside4 ,ev5 be=e h>ve/ x is cu/om>y to br+ "s ( ! rip5+ gra9 f ! fields & to ?ru/ x into ! ?at* ( ! huts 9 ! %r9es1 no d\bt 9 ord] to secure ! bless+ ( ,nyakang on ! crops4 ,sacrifices are also (f]$ at ^! %r9es = ! b5efit ( sick p4 ,a suff]] w br+ or s5d a %eep to ! ne>e/ sanctu>y1 :]e ! gu>dians w slaught] ! animal ) a sacr$ spe> & pray = ! pati5t's recov]y4 7,m#aa7 ,x is a fundam5tal article ( ! ,%illuk cre$ t ! _s ( ! div9e or semi-div9e ,nyakang is inc>nate 9 ! reign+ k+1 :o is accord+ly himself inve/$ to "s ext5t ) ! "* ( a div9ity4 ,b :ile ! ,%illuk hold _! k+s 9 high1 inde$ religi\s rev]5ce & take e precaution aga9/ _! accid5tal dea?1 nev]!less !y *]i% 8! conviction t ! k+ mu/ n be all[$ to become ill or s5ile1 le/ ) 8 dim9i%+ vig\r ! cattle %\ld sick5 & fail to be> _! increase1 ! crops %\ld rot 9 ! fields1 & man1 /rick5 ) disease1 %\ld die 9 ev] increas+ numb]s407#ee7 ,to prev5t ^! calamities x us$ to be ! regul> cu/om ) ! ,%illuk to put ! k+ to dea? :5ev] he %ew$ signs ( ill-heal? or fail+ /r5g?4 ,"o ( ! fatal symptoms ( decay 0 tak5 to be an incapacity to satisfy ! sexual passions ( 8 wives1 ( :om he has v _m1 di/ribut$ 9 a l>ge numb] ( h\ses at ,fa%oda4 ,:5 ?is om9\s weakness manife/$ itself1 ! wives report$ x to ! *iefs1 :o are popul>ly said to h intimat$ to ! k+ 8 doom by spread+ a :ite clo? ov] 8 face & knees z he lay slumb]+ 9 ! heat ( ! sultry aft]noon4 ,execution soon foll[$ ! s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,a hut 0 specially built = ! occasion3 ! k+ 0 l$ into x & lay d[n ) 8 head re/+ on ! lap ( a nubile virg93 ! door ( ! hut 0 !n wall$ up2 & ! c\ple 7 left )\t food1 wat]1 or fire to die ( hung] & suffocation4 ,?is 0 ! old cu/om1 b x 0 aboli%$ "s five g5]ations ago on acc\nt ( ! excessive suff]+s ( "o ( ! k+s :o p]i%$ 9 ?is way4 ,he surviv$ 8 companion = "s days1 & 9 ! int]val 0 s di/ress$ by ! /5* ( h] putrefy+ body t he %\t$ to ! p1 :om he c\ld he> mov+ outside1 nev] aga9 to let a k+ die 9 ?is prolong$ & exquisite agony4 ,aft] a "t 8 cries di$ away into sil5ce2 dea? _h releas$ him f 8 suff]+s2 b s9ce !n ! ,%illuk h adopt$ a quick] & m m]ciful mode ( execut+ _! k+s4 ,:at ! exact =m ( execution has be5 9 lat] times ,dr4 ,seligmann f\nd x v difficult to asc]ta91 ?\gh ) reg>d to ! fact ( ! execution he tells u t !re is n ! lea/ d\bt4 ,x is said t ! *iefs ann\nce 8 fate to ! k+1 & t aft]w>ds he is /rangl$ 9 a hut :i* has be5 specially built = ! occasion4 7,m#ab7 ,f ,dr4 ,seligmann's enquiries x appe>s t n only 0 ! ,%illuk k+ liable to be kill$ ) due c]emony at ! fir/ symptoms ( incipi5t decay1 b ev5 :ile he 0 yet 9 ! prime ( heal? & /r5g? he might be attack$ at any "t by a rival & h to def5d 8 cr[n 9 a combat to ! dea?4 ,accord+ to ! common ,%illuk tradition any son ( a k+ _h ! "r ?us to fight ! k+ 9 possession &1 if he succe$$ 9 kill+ him1 to reign 9 8 /ead4 ,z e k+ _h a l>ge h>em & _m sons1 ! numb] ( possible c&idates = ! ?rone at any "t may well h be5 n inconsid]able1 & ! reign+ mon>* mu/ h c>ri$ 8 life 9 8 h&4 ,b ! attack on him c\ld only take place ) any prospect ( success at night2 = dur+ ! day ! k+ surr\nd$ himself ) 8 fri5ds & bodygu>ds1 & an aspirant to ! ?rone c\ld h>dly hope to cut 8 way ?r\gh !m & /rike home4 ,x 0 o!rwise at night4 ,= !n ! gu>ds 7 dismiss$ & ! k+ 0 alone 9 8 enclosure ) 8 fav\rite wives1 & !re 0 no man ne> to def5d him except a few h]dsm51 ^: huts /ood a little way (f4 ,! h\rs ( d>kness 7 !re=e ! season ( p]il = ! k+4 ,x is said t he us$ to pass !m 9 con/ant wat*fulness1 pr[l+ r\nd 8 huts fully arm$1 pe]+ into ! blacke/ %ad[s1 or himself /&+ sil5t & al]t1 l a s5t9el on duty1 9 "s d>k corn]4 ,:5 at la/ 8 rival appe>$1 ! fight w\ld take place 9 grim sil5ce1 brok5 only by ! cla% ( spe>s & %ields1 = x 0 a po9t ( hon\r ) ! k+ n to call ! h]dsm5 to 8 assi/ance47#ef7 ,:5 ! k+ did n p]i% 9 s+le combat1 b 0 put to dea? on ! approa* ( sickness or old age1 x became necess>y to f9d a successor = him4 ,app>5tly ! successor 0 *os5 by ! mo/ p[]ful *iefs f among ! pr9ces 7niret71 ! sons ei!r ( ! late k+ or ( "o ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,details z to ! mode ( election are lack+4 ,s f> z ,dr4 ,seligmann c\ld asc]ta91 ! k+s elect %ew$ no reluctance to accept ! fatal sov]eignty2 inde$ he 0 told a /ory ( a man :o clam\r$ to be made k+ = only "o day1 say+ t he 0 p]fectly ready to be kill$ aft] t4 ,! age at :i* ! k+ 0 kill$ w\ld seem to h commonly be5 betwe5 =ty & fifty47#eg7 ,to ! improvid5t & unimag9ative savage ! prospect ( be+ put to dea? at ! end ( a set "t1 :e!r long or %ort1 has probably few t]rors2 & if x has any1 we may suspect t !y are altoge!r outweigh$ 9 8 m9d by ! opportunities = imm$iate enjoym5t ( all k9ds :i* a k+dom af=ds to 8 unbridl$ appetites & passions4 7,m#ac7 ,an important "p ( ! solemnities att5d+ ! accession ( a ,%illuk k+ appe>s to be int5d$ to convey to ! new mon>* ! div9e _s ( ,nyakang1 :i* has be5 transmitt$ f ! f\nd] ( ! dyna/y to all 8 successors on ! ?rone4 ,= ?is purpose a sacr$ f\r-legg$ /ool & a my/]i\s object :i* be>s ! "n ( ,nyakang himself are br\ght ) mu* solemnity f ! %r9e ( ,nyakang at ,akurwa to ! small village ( ,kwom ne> ,fa%oda1 :]e ! k+ elect & ! *iefs await _! arrival4 ,! ?+ call$ ,nyakang is said to be ( cyl9drical %ape1 "s two or ?ree feet long by six in*es broad4 ,! *ief ( ,akurwa in=m$ ,dr4 ,seligmann t ! object 9 "q is a rude wood5 figure ( a man1 :i* 0 fa%ion$ long ago at ! comm& ( ,nyakang 9 p]son4 ,we may suppose t x repres5ts ! div9e k+ himself & t x is1 or 0 =m]ly1 suppos$ to h\se 8 _s1 ?\gh ! *ief ( ,akurwa d5i$ to ,dr4 ,seligmann t x does s n[4 ,be t z x may1 ! object plays a prom95t "p at ! in/allation ( a new k+4 ,:5 ! m5 ( ,akurwa arrive at ,kwom ) ! sacr$ /ool & ! image ( ,nyakang1 z we may call x1 !y engage 9 a %am fight ) ! m5 :o are wait+ = !m ) ! k+ elect4 ,! weapons us$ on bo? sides are simply /alks ( millet4 ,be+ victori\s 9 ! mock combat1 ! m5 ( ,akurwa escort ! k+ to ,fa%oda1 & "s ( !m ent] ! %r9e ( ,nyakang ) ! /ool4 ,aft] a %ort "t !y br+ ! /ool =? aga9 & set x on ! gr\nd outside ( ! sacr$ enclosure4 ,!n ! image ( ,nyakang is plac$ on ! /ool2 ! k+ elect holds "o leg ( ! /ool & an important *ief holds ano!r4 ,! k+ is surr\nd$ by a cr[d ( pr9ces & nobles1 & ne> him /& two ( 8 pat]nal aunts & two ( 8 si/]s4 ,aft] t a bullock is kill$ & its fle% eat5 by ! m5 ( c]ta9 families call$ ororo1 :o are said to be desc5d$ f ! ?ird ( ! ,%illuk k+s4 ,!n ! ,akurwa m5 c>ry ! image ( ,nyakang into ! %r9e1 & ! ororo m5 place ! k+ elect on ! sacr$ /ool1 :]e he rema9s seat$ = "s "t1 app>5tly till sunset4 ,:5 he rises1 ! ,akurwa m5 c>ry ! /ool back into ! %r9e1 & ! k+ is escort$ to ?ree new huts1 :]e he /ays 9 seclusion = ?ree days4 ,on ! f\r? night he is conduct$ quietly1 almo/ /eal?ily1 to 8 royal resid5ce at ,fa%oda1 & next day he %ews himself publicly to 8 subjects4 ,! ?ree new huts 9 :i* he sp5t ! days ( 8 seclusion are !n brok5 up & _! fragm5ts ca/ into ! riv]4 ,! in/allation ( a new k+ g5]ally takes place ab\t ! middle ( ! dry season2 & x is said t ! m5 ( ,akurwa t>ry at ,fa%oda ) ! image ( ,nyakang till ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! ra9s4 ,be=e !y leave ,fa%oda !y sacrifice a bullock1 & at e waddy or b$ ( a /ream t !y cross !y kill a %eep4 7,m#ad7 ,l ,nyakang himself1 _! f\nd]1 ea* ( ! ,%illuk k+s aft] dea? is wor%ipp$ at a %r9e1 :i* is erect$ ov] 8 grave1 & ! grave ( a k+ is always 9 ! village :]e he 0 born47#eh7 ,! tomb-%r9e ( a k+ resembles ! %r9e ( ,nyakang1 consi/+ ( a few huts enclos$ by a f5ce2 "o ( ! huts is built ov] ! k+'s grave1 ! o!rs are occupi$ by ! gu>dians ( ! %r9e4 ,inde$ ! %r9es ( ,nyakang & ! %r9es ( ! k+s are sc>cely to be di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r1 & ! religi\s rituals obs]v$ at all ( !m are id5tical 9 =m & v>y only 9 matt]s ( detail1 ! v>iations be+ due app>5tly to ! f> great] sanctity attribut$ to ! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 ,! grave-%r9es ( ! k+s are t5d$ by c]ta9 old m5 or wom51 :o correspond to ! gu>dians ( ! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 ,!y are usually wid[s or old m5-s]vants ( ! deceas$ k+1 & :5 !y die !y are succe$$ 9 _! (fice by _! desc5dants4 ,moreov]1 cattle are d$icat$ to ! grave-%r9es ( ! k+s & sacrifices are (f]$ at !m j z at ! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 ,?us :5 ! millet crop ?reat5s to fail or a murra9 to break out among ! cattle1 ei!r ,nyakang himself or "o ( 8 successors on ! ?rone w appe> to somebody 9 a dream & dem& a sacrifice4 ,! dream is report$ to ! k+1 :o !reupon at once s5ds a c[ & a bullock to "o or m ( ! %r9es ( ,nyakang1 if x 0 he :o appe>$ 9 ! vision1 or to ! grave-%r9e ( ! p>ticul> k+ :om ! dream] saw 9 8 dream4 ,! bullock is !n sacrific$ & ! c[ add$ to ! sacr$ h]d belong+ to ! %r9e4 ,fur!r1 ! h>ve/ c]emony :i* is p]=m$ at ! %r9es ( ,nyakang is usually1 ?\gh n necess>ily1 p]=m$ also at ! grave-%r9es ( ! k+s2 &1 la/ly1 sick folk s5d animals to be sacrific$ z (f]+s on _! behalf at ! %r9es ( ! k+s j z !y s5d !m to ! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 7,m#ae7 ,sick p h1 inde$1 a special reason = sacrific+ to ! spirits ( ! dead k+s 9 ! hope ( recov]y1 inasmu* z "o ( ! commone/ causes ( sickness1 accord+ to ! ,%illuk1 is ! entrance ( "o ( ^! royal spirits into ! body ( ! suff]]1 ^: fir/ c>e1 !re=e1 is to rid himself z quickly z possible ( 8 augu/ b unwelcome gue/4 ,app>5tly1 h[ev]1 x is only ! s\ls ( ! e>ly k+s :o manife/ !mselves 9 ?is disagreeable fa%ion4 ,dr4 ,seligmann met ) a woman1 = example1 :o _h be5 ill & :o attribut$ h] illness to ! _s ( ,dag1 ! second ( ! ,%illuk k+s1 :i* _h tak5 possession ( h] body4 ,b a sacrifice ( two %eep _h induc$ ! _s to quit h]1 & %e wore anklets ( beads1 ) pieces ( ! e>s ( ! %eep /rung on !m1 :i* %e ?\ght w\ld effectually gu>d h] aga9/ ! dang] ( be+ aga9 possess$ by ! s\l ( ! dead k+4 ,nor is x only 9 sickness t ! s\ls ( dead k+s are ?\ght to take possession ( ! bodies ( ! liv+4 ,c]ta9 m5 & wom51 :o be> ! "n ( ajuago1 are believ$ to be p]man5tly possess$ by ! _s ( "o or o!r ( ! e>ly k+s1 & 9 virtue ( ?is inspiration !y pr(ess to heal ! sick & d a brisk trade 9 amulets4 ,! fir/ symptom ( possession may take ! =m ( illness or ( a dream f :i* ! sleep] awakes trembl+ & agitat$4 ,a long & complicat$ c]emony foll[s to abate ! extreme =ce ( ! spiritual manife/ations 9 ! new m$ium1 = 7 ^! to cont9ue 9 _! fir/ int5sity he w\ld n d>e to approa* 8 wom54 ,b :i*ev] ( ! dead k+s may manife/ himself to ! liv+1 :e!r 9 dreams or 9 ! =m ( bodily possession1 8 _s is deem$1 at lea/ by _m ( ! ,%illuk1 to be id5tical ) t ( ,nyakang2 !y d n cle>ly di/+ui%1 if inde$ !y di/+ui% at all1 betwe5 ! div9e _s ( ! f\nd] ( ! dyna/y & its lat] manife/ations 9 all 8 royal successors4 7,m#af7 ,9 g5]al ! pr9cipal elem5t 9 ! religion ( ! ,%illuk w\ld seem to be ! wor%ip :i* !y pay to _! sacr$ or div9e k+s1 :e!r dead or alive4 ,^! are believ$ to be animat$ by a s+le div9e _s1 :i* has be5 transmitt$ f ! semi-my?ical1 b probably 9 sub/ance hi/orical1 f\nd] ( ! dyna/y ?r\gh all 8 successors to ! pres5t day4 ,yet ! div9e _s1 z ,dr4 ,seligmann ju/ly obs]ves1 is cle>ly n ?\ght ( z cong5ital 9 ! memb]s ( ! royal h\se2 x is only convey$ to ea* k+ on 8 accession by means ( ! my/]i\s object call$ ,nyakang1 9 :i*1 z ,dr4 ,seligmann ) great probability conjectures1 ! holy _s ( ,nyakang may be suppos$ to reside4 ,h5ce1 reg>d+ _! k+s z inc>nate div9ities on :om ! welf>e ( m51 ( cattle1 & ( ! corn implicitly dep5ds1 ! ,%illuk naturally pay !m ! greate/ respect & take e c>e ( !m2 & h[ev] /range x may seem to u1 _! cu/om ( putt+ ! div9e k+ to dea? z soon z he %ews signs ( ill-heal? or fail+ /r5g? spr+s directly f _! pr(\nd v5]ation = him & f _! anxiety to pres]ve him1 or r ! div9e _s by :i* he is animat$1 9 ! mo/ p]fect /ate ( effici5cy3 nay1 we may g fur!r & say t _! practice ( regicide is ! be/ pro( !y c give ( ! high reg>d 9 :i* !y hold _! k+s4 ,= !y believe1 z we h se51 t ! k+'s life or _s is s sympa!tically b\nd up ) ! prosp]ity ( ! :ole c\ntry1 t if he fell ill or grew s5ile ! cattle w\ld sick5 & cease to multiply1 ! crops w\ld rot 9 ! fields1 & m5 w\ld p]i% ( widespread disease4 ,h5ce1 9 _! op9ion1 ! only way ( av]t+ ^! calamities is to put ! k+ to dea? :ile he is /ill hale & he>ty1 9 ord] t ! div9e _s :i* he has inh]it$ f 8 pr$ecessors may be transmitt$ 9 turn by him to 8 successor :ile x is /ill 9 full vig\r & has n yet be5 impair$ by ! weakness ( disease & old age4 ,9 ?is connexion ! p>ticul> symptom :i* is commonly said to seal ! k+'s dea?-w>rant is highly significant2 :5 he c no long] satisfy ! passions ( 8 num]\s wives1 9 o!r words1 :5 he has ceas$1 :e!r p>tially or :olly1 to be able to reproduce 8 k9d1 x is "t = him to die & to make room = a m vigor\s successor4 ,tak5 along ) ! o!r reasons :i* are alleg$ = putt+ ! k+ to dea?1 ?is "o sugge/s t ! f]tility ( m51 ( cattle1 & ( ! crops is believ$ to dep5d sympa!tically on ! g5]ative p[] ( ! k+1 s t ! complete failure ( t p[] 9 him w\ld involve a correspond+ failure 9 m51 animals1 & plants1 & w\ld !reby entail at no di/ant date ! entire ext9ction ( all life1 :e!r human1 animal1 or vegetable4 ,no wond]1 t ) su* a dang] be=e _! eyes ! ,%illuk %\ld be mo/ c>eful n to let ! k+ die :at we %\ld call a natural dea? ( sickness or old age4 ,x is *>act]i/ic ( _! attitude t[>ds ! dea? ( ! k+s t !y refra9 f speak+ ( x z dea?3 !y d n say t a k+ has di$ b simply t he has 8gone away0 l 8 div9e ance/ors ,nyakang & ,dag1 ! two fir/ k+s ( ! dyna/y1 bo? ( :om are report$ n to h di$ b to h disappe>$4 ,! simil> leg5ds ( ! my/]i\s disappe>ance ( e>ly k+s 9 o!r l&s1 = example at ,rome & 9 ,ug&a17#ei7 may well po9t to a simil> cu/om ( putt+ !m to dea? = ! purpose ( pres]v+ _! life4 7,m#ag7 ,on ! :ole ! !ory & practice ( ! div9e k+s ( ! ,%illuk correspond v ne>ly to ! !ory & practice ( ! prie/s ( ,nemi1 ! ,k+s ( ! ,wood1 if my view ( ! latt] is correct47#fj7 ,9 bo? we see a s]ies ( div9e k+s on ^: life ! f]tility ( m51 ( cattle1 & ( vegetation is believ$ to dep5d1 & :o are put to dea?1 :e!r 9 s+le combat or o!rwise1 9 ord] t _! div9e _s may be transmitt$ to _! successors 9 full vig\r1 uncontam9at$ by ! weakness & decay ( sickness or old age1 because any su* deg5]ation on ! "p ( ! k+ w\ld1 9 ! op9ion ( 8 wor%ipp]s1 entail a correspond+ deg5]ation on mank9d1 on cattle1 & on ! crops4 ,"s po9ts 9 ?is explanation ( ! cu/om ( putt+ div9e k+s to dea?1 p>ticul>ly ! me?od ( transmitt+ _! div9e s\ls to _! successors1 w be dealt ) m fully 9 ! sequel4 ,meantime we pass to o!r examples ( ! g5]al practice4 7,m#ah7 ,! ,d9ka are a cong]ies ( indep5d5t tribes 9 ! valley ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 ^: t]ritory1 ly+ mo/ly on ! ea/]n bank ( ! riv] & /ret*+ f ! six? to ! twelf? degree ( ,nor? ,latitude1 has be5 e/imat$ to comprise betwe5 sixty & sev5ty ?\s& squ>e miles4 ,!y are a tall long-legg$ p r sl5d] ?an fat1 ) curly hair & a complexion ( ! deepe/ black4 ,?\gh ill-f$1 !y are /rong & heal?y & 9 g5]al rea* a great age4 ,! nation embraces a numb] ( indep5d5t tribes1 & ea* tribe is ma9ly compos$ ( ! own]s ( cattle2 = ! ,d9ka are ess5tially a pa/oral p1 passionately devot$ to ! c>e ( _! num]\s h]ds ( ox51 ?\gh !y also keep %eep & goats1 & ! wom5 cultivate small quantities ( millet 7durra7 & sesame4 ,! tribes h no political union4 ,ea* village =ms a sep>ate community1 pa/ur+ its h]ds toge!r 9 ! same grass-l&4 ,) ! *ange ( ! seasons ! p migrate ) _! flocks & h]ds to & f ! banks ( ! ,nile4 ,9 summ]1 :5 ! pla9s ne> ! great riv] are conv]t$ into swamps & cov]$ ) cl\ds ( mosquitoes1 ! h]dsm5 & _! families drive _! bea/s to ! high] l& ( ! int]ior1 :]e ! animals f9d firm gr\nd1 abundant fodd]1 & pools ( wat] at :i* to slake _! ?ir/ 9 ! f]v\r ( ! noonday heat4 ,"h 9 ! cle>+s ( ! =e/ ! community takes up its abode1 ea* family dwell+ by itself 9 "o or m conical huts enclos$ by a /rong f5ce ( /akes & ?orn-bu%es4 ,x is 9 ! pat*es ( op5 gr\nd ab\t ^! dwell+s t ! wom5 gr[ _! scanty crops ( millet & sesame4 ,! mode ( tillage is rude4 ,! /umps ( ! trees :i* h be5 fell$ are left /&+ to a height ( sev]al feet2 ! gr\nd is hack$ by ! help ( a tool betwe5 a hoe & a spade1 & ! we$s are uproot$ ) ! h&4 ,su* z x is1 ! crop is expos$ to ! ravages ( apes & elephants by night & ( birds by day4 ,! hungry blacks d n always wait till ! corn is ripe1 b eat mu* ( x :ile ! e>s are /ill gre54 ,! cattle are kept 9 sep>ate p>ks 7murahs7 away f ! villages4 ,x is 9 ! season ( ! summ] ra9s t ! ,d9ka are mo/ happy & prosp]\s4 ,!n ! cattle f9d sweet grass1 pl5tiful wat]1 coolness & %ade 9 ! =e/2 !n ! p subsi/ 9 com=t on ! milk ( _! flocks & h]ds1 supplem5t+ x ) ! millet :i* !y reap & ! wild fruits :i* !y ga!r 9 ! =e/2 !n !y brew ! native be]1 !n !y m>ry & dance by night "u ! bright moon ( ! s]5e tropical sky4 ,b 9 autumn a great *ange passes ov] ! life ( ! community4 ,:5 ,octob] has come1 ! ra9s are ov]1 ! grass ( ! pa/ures is eat5 d[n or )]$1 ! pools are dry2 ?ir/ compels ! :ole village1 ) its l[+ h]ds & bleat+ flocks1 to migrate to ! neighb\rhood ( ! riv]4 ,n[ beg9s a "t ( privation & suff]+4 ,!re is no grass = ! cattle save 9 "s m>%y spots1 :]e ! h]dsman mu/ fight 8 rivals 9 ord] to w9 a meagre supply ( fodd] = 8 />vel+ bea/s4 ,!re is no milk = ! p1 no fruits on ! trees1 except a bitt] sort ( acorns1 f :i* a mis]able fl\r is gr\nd to /ay ! pangs ( hung]4 ,! lean & fami%$ natives are driv5 to fi% 9 ! riv] = ! tub]s ( wat]-lilies1 to grub 9 ! e>? = roots1 to boil ! leaves ( trees1 & z a la/ res\rce to dr9k ! blood drawn f ! necks ( _! wret*$ cattle4 ,! gaunt appe>ance ( ! p at ?is season fills ! behold] ) horror4 ,! h]ds are decimat$ by fam9e1 b ev5 m bea/s p]i% by dys5t]y & o!r diseases :5 ! fir/ ra9s cause ! fre% grass to spr\t47#fa7 7,m#ai7 ,x is no wond] t ! ra91 on :i* ! ,d9ka are s manife/ly dep5d5t = _! subsi/5ce1 %\ld play a great "p 9 _! religion & sup]/ition4 ,!y wor%ip a supreme be+ ^: "n ( ,d5gdit means lit]ally ,great ,ra947#fb7 ,x 0 he :o creat$ ! _w & e/abli%$ ! pres5t ord] ( ?+s1 & x is he :o s5ds d[n ! ra9 f ! 8ra9-place10 8 home 9 ! upp] regions ( ! air4 ,b accord+ to ! ,niel ,d9ka ?is great be+ 0 once inc>nate 9 human =m4 ,born ( a woman1 :o desc5d$ f ! sky1 he became ! ance/or ( a clan :i* has ! ra9 = its totem2 = ! rec5t rese>*es ( ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann h prov$ t e ,d9ka tribe is divid$ into a numb] ( clans1 ea* ( :i* rev]es z its totem a species ( animals or plants or o!r natural objects1 su* z ra9 or fire4 ,animal totems seem to be ! commone/2 among/ !m are ! lion1 ! elephant1 ! crocodile1 ! hippopotamus1 ! fox1 ! hya5a1 & a species ( small birds call$ amur1 cl\ds ( :i* infe/ ! cornfields & d great damage to ! crops4 ,ea* clan speaks ( its totemic animal or plant z its ance/or & refra9s f injur+ & eat+ x4 ,m5 ( ! ,crocodile clan1 = example1 call !mselves 8,bro!rs ( ! ,crocodile10 & w nei!r kill nor eat ! animal2 inde$ !y w n ev5 eat out ( any vessel :i* has held crocodile fle%4 ,& z !y d n injure crocodiles1 s !y imag9e t _! crocodile k9sfolk w n injure !m2 h5ce m5 ( ?is clan swim freely 9 ! riv]1 ev5 by night1 )\t fe> ( be+ attack$ by ! dang]\s reptiles4 ,& :5 ! totem is a c>nivor\s animal1 memb]s ( ! clan may propitiate x by kill+ %eep & ?r[+ out ! fle% to be dev\r$ by _! animal bre?r5 ei!r on ! outskirts ( ! village or 9 ! riv]4 ,memb]s ( ! ,small ,bird 7amur7 clan p]=m c]emonies to prev5t ! birds f injur+ ! crops4 ,! relation%ip betwe5 a clan & its animal ance/or or totem is commonly expla9$ by a leg5d t 9 ! beg9n+ an ance/ress gave bir? to tw9s1 "o ( :om 0 ! totemic animal & ! o!r ! human ance/or4 ,l mo/ totemic clans1 ! clans ( ! ,d9ka are exogam\s1 t is1 no man may m>ry a woman ( 8 own clan4 ,! desc5t ( ! clans is 9 ! pat]nal l9e2 9 o!r words1 e man & woman belongs to 8 or h] fa!r's clan1 n to t ( 8 or h] "m4 ,b ! ,ra9 clan ( ! ,niel ,d9ka has = its ance/or1 z we h se51 ! supreme god himself1 :o deign$ to be born ( a woman & to live = a long "t among m51 rul+ ov] !m1 till at la/ he grew v old & disappe>$ appropriately1 l ,romulus1 9 a great /orm ( ra94 ,%r9es erect$ 9 8 hon\r appe> to be scatt]$ all ov] ! ,d9ka c\ntry & (f]+s are made at !m4 7,m#bj7 ,p]haps )\t be+ unduly ra% we may conjecture t ! great god ( ! ,d9ka1 :o gives !m ! ra91 0 inde$1 :at tradition repres5ts him z hav+ be51 a man among m51 9 fact a human ra9-mak]1 :om at 8 dea? ! sup]/ition ( 8 fell[s promot$ to ! rank ( a deity above ! cl\ds4 ,be t z x may1 ! human ra9-mak] 7ba97 is a v important p]sonage among ! ,d9ka to ?is day2 inde$ ! m5 9 au?ority :om travell]s dub *iefs or %eikhs are 9 fact ! actual or pot5tial ra9-mak]s ( ! tribe or community47#fc7 ,ea* ( !m is believ$ to be animat$ by ! _s ( a great ra9-mak]1 :i* has come d[n to him ?r\gh a succession ( ra9-mak]s2 & 9 virtue ( ?is inspiration a successful ra9-mak] enjoys v great p[] & is consult$ on all important matt]s4 ,= example1 9 ! ,bor tribe ( ,d9ka at ! pres5t "t !re is an old b active ra9-mak] nam$ ,biyordit1 :o is reput$ to h imman5t 9 him a great & p[]ful _s call$ ,l]piu1 & by reason ( ?is reputation he ex]cises imm5se influ5ce ov] all ! ,d9ka ( ! ,bor & ,ta9 tribes4 ,:ile ! mighty _s ,l]piu is suppos$ to be embodi$ 9 ! ra9-mak]1 x is also ?\ght to inhabit a c]ta9 hut :i* s]ves z a %r9e4 ,9 front ( ! hut /&s a po/ to :i* are fa/5$ ! horns ( _m bullocks t h be5 sacrific$ to ,l]piu2 & 9 ! hut is kept a v sacr$ spe> :i* be>s ! "n ( ,l]piu & is said to h fall5 f heav5 six g5]ations ago4 ,z fall5 />s are also call$ ,l]piu1 we may suspect t an intimate connexion is suppos$ to exi/ betwe5 meteorites & ! _s :i* animates ! ra9-mak]2 nor w\ld su* a connexion seem unnatural to ! savage1 :o obs]ves t meteorites & ra9 alike desc5d f ! sky4 ,9 spr+1 ab\t ! mon? ( ,april1 :5 ! new moon is a few days old1 a sacrifice ( bullocks is (f]$ to ,l]piu = ! purpose ( induc+ him to move ,d5gdit1 ! great heav5ly ra9-mak]1 to s5d d[n ra9 on ! p>*$ & ?ir/y e>?4 ,two bullocks are l$ twice r\nd ! %r9e & aft]w>ds ti$ by ! ra9-mak] to ! po/ 9 front ( x4 ,!n ! drums beat & ! p1 old & "y1 m5 & wom51 dance r\nd ! %r9e & s+1 :ile ! bea/s are be+ sacrific$1 8,l]piu1 our ance/or1 we h br\ght y a sacrifice4 ,be pleas$ to cause ra9 to fall40 ,! blood ( ! bullocks is collect$ 9 a g\rd1 boil$ 9 a pot on ! fire1 & eat5 by ! old & important p ( ! clan4 ,! horns ( ! animals are atta*$ to ! po/ 9 front ( ! %r9e4 7,m#ba7 ,9 spite1 or r 9 virtue1 ( ! high hon\r 9 :i* he is held1 no ,d9ka ra9-mak] is all[$ to die a natural dea? ( sickness or old age2 = ! ,d9ka believe t if su* an unt[>d ev5t 7 to happ51 ! tribe w\ld suff] f disease & fam9e1 & ! h]ds w\ld n yield _! increase4 ,s :5 a ra9-mak] feels t he is gr[+ old & infirm1 he tells 8 *ildr5 t he wi%es to die4 ,among ! ,ag> ,d9ka a l>ge grave is dug & ! ra9-mak] lies d[n 9 x on 8 "r side ) 8 head re/+ on a sk94 ,he is surr\nd$ by 8 fri5ds & relatives1 includ+ 8 y\ng] *ildr52 b 8 eld] *ildr5 are n all[$ to approa* ! grave le/ 9 _! grief & despair !y %\ld d !mselves a bodily injury4 ,= _m h\rs1 g5]ally = m ?an a day1 ! ra9-mak] lies )\t eat+ or dr9k+4 ,f "t to "t he speaks to ! p1 recall+ ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! tribe1 rem9d+ !m h[ he has rul$ & advis$ !m1 & in/ruct+ !m h[ !y are to act 9 ! future4 ,!n1 :5 he has conclud$ 8 admonition1 he tells !m t x is f9i%$ & bids !m cov] him up4 ,s ! e>? is ?r[n d[n on him z he lies 9 ! grave1 & he soon dies ( suffocation4 ,su*1 ) m9or v>iations1 appe>s to be ! regul> end ( ! hon\rable c>e] ( a ra9-mak] 9 all ! ,d9ka tribes4 ,! ,khor-,ad> ,d9ka told ,dr4 ,seligmann t :5 !y h dug ! grave = _! ra9-mak] !y /rangle him 9 8 h\se4 ,! fa!r & pat]nal uncle ( "o ( ,dr4 ,seligmann's in=mants _h bo? be5 ra9-mak]s & bo? _h be5 kill$ 9 ! mo/ regul> & or?odox fa%ion4 ,ev5 if a ra9-mak] is q "y he w be put to dea? %\ld he seem likely to p]i% ( disease4 ,fur!r1 e precaution is tak5 to prev5t a ra9-mak] f dy+ an accid5tal dea?1 = su* an end1 ?\gh n ne>ly s s]i\s a matt] z dea? f illness or old age1 w\ld be sure to entail sickness on ! tribe4 ,z soon z a ra9-mak] is kill$1 8 valuable _s is suppos$ to pass to a suitable successor1 :e!r a son or o!r ne> blood relation4 7,m#bb7 ,9 ! ,c5tral ,african k+dom ( ,unyoro d[n to rec5t ye>s cu/om requir$ t z soon z ! k+ fell s]i\sly ill or began to break up f age1 he %\ld die by 8 own h&2 =1 accord+ to an old prophecy1 ! ?rone w\ld pass away f ! dyna/y if ev] ! k+ 7 to die a natural dea?4 ,he kill$ himself by dra9+ a poison$ cup4 ,if he falt]$ or 7 too ill to ask = ! cup1 x 0 8 wife's duty to adm9i/] ! poison47#fd7 ,:5 ! k+ ( ,kibanga1 on ! ,upp] ,congo1 seems ne> 8 end1 ! sorc]]s put a rope r\nd 8 neck1 :i* !y draw gradually tight] till he dies47#fe7 ,if ! k+ ( ,g+]o happ5s to be w\nd$ 9 w>1 he is put to dea? by 8 comrades1 or1 if !y fail to kill him1 by 8 k9sfolk1 h[ev] h>d he may beg = m]cy4 ,!y say !y d x t he may n die by ! h&s ( 8 enemies47#ff7 ,! ,jukos are a hea!n tribe ( ! ,b5ue riv]1 a great tribut>y ( ! ,nig]4 ,9 _! c\ntry 8! t[n ( ,gatri is rul$ by a k+ :o is elect$ by ! big m5 ( ! t[n z foll[s4 ,:5 9 ! op9ion ( ! big m5 ! k+ has reign$ long en\gh1 !y give out t #8! k+ is sick'--a =mula und]/ood by all to mean t !y are go+ to kill him1 ?\gh ! int5tion is nev] put m pla9ly4 ,!y !n decide :o is to be ! next k+4 ,h[ long he is to reign is settl$ by ! influ5tial m5 at a meet+2 ! "q is put & answ]$ by ea* man ?r[+ on ! gr\nd a little piece ( /ick = ea* ye> he ?9ks ! new k+ %\ld rule4 ,! k+ is !n told1 & a great fea/ prep>$1 at :i* ! k+ gets drunk on gu9ea-corn be]4 ,aft] t he is spe>$1 & ! man :o 0 *os5 becomes k+4 ,?us ea* ,juko k+ kn[s t he _c h v _m m ye>s to live1 & t he is c]ta9 ( 8 pr$ecessor's fate4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n seem to fright5 c&idates4 ,! same cu/om ( k+-kill+ is said to prevail at ,quonde & ,wuk>i z well z at ,gatri407#fg7 ,9 ! ?ree ,hausa k+doms ( ,gobir1 ,kats9a1 & ,daura1 9 ,nor!rn ,nig]ia1 z soon z a k+ %ew$ signs ( fail+ heal? or gr[+ infirmity1 an (ficial :o bore ! title ( ,kill] ( ! ,elephant 7k>iagiwa7 appe>$ & ?rottl$ him by hold+ 8 w9dpipe4 ,! k+ elect 0 aft]w>ds conduct$ to ! c5tre ( ! t[n1 call$ ,head ( ! ,elephant 7kan giwa71 :]e he 0 made to lie d[n on a b$4 ,!n a black ox 0 slaught]$ & its blood all[$ to p\r all ov] 8 body4 ,next ! ox 0 flay$1 & ! rema9s ( ! dead k+1 :i* _h be5 disemb[ell$ & smok$ = sev5 days ov] a sl[ fire1 7 wrapt up 9 ! hide & dragg$ along ! gr\nd to ! place ( burial1 :]e !y 7 int]r$ 9 a circul> pit4 ,aft] 8 ba? ( ox blood ! new k+ _h to rema9 = sev5 days 9 8 "m's h\se1 und]go+ ablutions daily4 ,on ! eigh? day he 0 conduct$ 9 /ate to 8 palace4 ,9 ! k+dom ( ,daura ! new mon>* _h moreov] to /ep ov] ! corpse ( 8 pr$ecessor47#fh7 7,m#bc7 ,! ,matiamvo is a great k+ or emp]or 9 ! int]ior ( ,angola4 ,"o ( ! inf]ior k+s ( ! c\ntry1 by "n ,*alla1 gave to a ,portuguese exp$ition ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! ,matiamvo comes by 8 end4 8,x has be5 cu/om>y10 he said1 8= our ,matiamvos to die ei!r 9 w> or by a viol5t dea?1 & ! pres5t ,matiamvo mu/ meet ?is la/ fate1 z1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 great exactions1 he has liv$ long en\gh4 ,:5 we come to ?is und]/&+1 & decide t he %\ld be kill$1 we invite him to make w> ) our enemies1 on :i* occasion we all accompany him & 8 family to ! w>1 :5 we lose "s ( our p4 ,if he escapes unhurt1 we return to ! w> aga9 & fight = ?ree or f\r days4 ,we !n sudd5ly ab&on him & 8 family to _! fate1 leav+ him 9 ! enemy's h&s4 ,see+ himself ?us des]t$1 he causes 8 ?rone to be erect$1 &1 sitt+ d[n1 calls 8 family ar\nd him4 ,he !n ord]s 8 "m to approa*2 %e kneels at 8 feet2 he fir/ cuts (f h] head1 !n decapitates 8 sons 9 succession1 next 8 wives & relatives1 &1 la/ ( all1 8 mo/ belov$ wife1 call$ ,anacullo4 ,?is slaught] be+ accompli%$1 ! ,matiamvo1 dress$ 9 all 8 pomp1 awaits 8 own dea?1 :i* imm$iately foll[s1 by an (fic] s5t by ! p[]ful neighb\r+ *iefs1 ,caniqu9ha & ,canica4 ,?is (fic] fir/ cuts (f 8 legs & arms at ! jo9ts1 & la/ly he cuts (f 8 head2 aft] :i* ! head ( ! (fic] is /ruck (f4 ,all ! pot5tates retire f ! encampm5t1 9 ord] n to witness 8 dea?4 ,x is my duty to rema9 & witness 8 dea?1 & to m>k ! place :]e ! head & arms h be5 deposit$ by ! two great *iefs1 ! enemies ( ! ,matiamvo4 ,!y also take possession ( all ! prop]ty belong+ to ! deceas$ mon>* & 8 family1 :i* !y convey to _! own resid5ce4 ,i !n provide = ! fun]al ( ! mutilat$ rema9s ( ! late ,matiamvo1 aft] :i* ,i retire to 8 capital & proclaim ! new gov]nm5t4 ,i !n return to :]e ! head1 legs1 & arms h be5 deposit$1 &1 = =ty slaves1 ,i ransom !m1 toge!r ) ! m]*&ise & o!r prop]ty belong+ to ! deceas$1 :i* ,i give up to ! new ,matiamvo1 :o has be5 proclaim$4 ,?is is :at has happ5$ to _m ,matiamvos1 & :at mu/ happ5 to ! pres5t "o407#fi7 7,m#bd7 ,x appe>s to h be5 a ,zulu cu/om to put ! k+ to dea? z soon z he began to h wr9kles or grey hairs4 ,at lea/ ?is seems impli$ 9 ! foll[+ passage writt5 by "o :o resid$ = "s "t at ! c\rt ( ! notori\s ,zulu tyrant ,*aka1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury3 8,! extraord9>y viol5ce ( ! k+'s rage ) me 0 ma9ly occasion$ by t absurd no/rum1 ! hair oil1 ) ! notion ( :i* ,mr4 ,f>ewell _h impress$ him z be+ a specific = remov+ all indications ( age4 ,f ! fir/ mom5t ( 8 hav+ he>d t su* a prep>ation 0 atta9able1 he ev9c$ a solicitude to procure x1 & on e occasion nev] =got to rem9d u ( 8 anxiety respect+ x2 m especially on our dep>ture on ! mission 8 injunctions 7 p>ticul>ly direct$ to ?is object4 ,x w be se5 t x is "o ( ! b>b>\s cu/oms ( ! ,zoolas 9 _! *oice or election ( _! k+s t he mu/ nei!r h wr9kles nor grey hairs1 z !y are bo? di/+ui%+ m>ks ( disqualification = becom+ a mon>* ( a w>like p4 ,x is also equally indisp5sable t _! k+ %\ld nev] exhibit ^? pro(s ( hav+ become unfit & incompet5t to reign2 x is !re=e important t !y %\ld conceal ^! indications s long z !y possibly c4 ,*aka _h become greatly appreh5sive ( ! approa* ( grey hairs2 :i* w\ld at once be ! signal = him to prep>e to make 8 exit f ?is sublun>y _w1 x be+ always foll[$ by ! dea? ( ! mon>*407#gj7 ,! writ] to :om we are indebt$ = ?is in/ructive anecdote ( ! hair-oil omits to specify ! mode 9 :i* a grey-hair$ & wr9kl$ ,zulu *ief us$ 8to make 8 exit f ?is sublun>y _w02 b on analogy we may conjecture t he did s by ! simple & p]fectly suffici5t process ( be+ knock$ on ! head4 7,m#be7 ,! cu/om ( putt+ k+s to dea? z soon z !y suff]$ f any p]sonal defect prevail$ two c5turies ago 9 ! ,caffre k+dom ( ,s(ala1 to ! nor? ( ! pres5t ,zulul&4 ,we h se5 t ^! k+s ( ,s(ala1 ea* ( :om bore ! (ficial "n ( ,quiteve1 7 reg>d$ z gods by _! p1 be+ entreat$ to give ra9 or sun%9e1 accord+ z ea* might be want$47#ga7 ,nev]!less a slight bodily blemi%1 su* z ! loss ( a too?1 0 consid]$ a suffici5t cause = putt+ "o ( ^! god-m5 to dea?1 z we le>n f ! foll[+ passage ( an old ,portuguese hi/orian3 8,x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om ( ! k+s ( ?is l& to commit suicide by tak+ poison :5 any disa/] or natural physical defect fell ^u !m1 su* z impot5ce1 infecti\s disease1 ! loss ( _! front tee?1 by :i* !y 7 disfigur$1 or any o!r de=mity or affliction4 ,to put an end to su* defects !y kill$ !mselves1 say+ t ! k+ %\ld be free f any blemi%1 & if n1 x 0 bett] = 8 hon\r t he %\ld die & seek ano!r life :]e he w\ld be made :ole1 = !re ev]y?+ 0 p]fect4 ,b ! ,quiteve :o reign$ :5 ,i 0 9 ^? p>ts w\ld n imitate 8 pr$ecessors 9 ?is1 be+ discreet & dread$ z he 02 = hav+ lo/ a front too? he caus$ x to be proclaim$ ?r\gh\t ! k+dom t all %\ld be aw>e t he _h lo/ a too? & %\ld recognise him :5 !y saw him )\t x1 & if 8 pr$ecessors kill$ !mselves = su* ?+s !y 7 v fooli%1 & he w\ld n d s2 on ! contr>y1 he w\ld be v sorry :5 ! "t came = him to die a natural dea?1 = 8 life 0 v necess>y to pres]ve 8 k+dom & def5d x f 8 enemies2 & he recomm5d$ 8 successors to foll[ 8 example407#gb7 ,! same hi/orian tells u t 8ne> ! k+dom ( ,quiteve is ano!r ( :i* ,s$&a is k+1 ! laws & cu/oms ( :i* are v simil> to ^? ( ,quiteve1 all ^! ,kaffirs be+ ( ! same nation1 & ^! two k+doms hav+ =m]ly be5 "o1 z ,i %all relate h]eaft]4 ,:5 ,i 0 9 ,s(ala x happ5$ t ,k+ ,s$&a 0 seiz$ ) a sev]e & contagi\s leprosy1 & see+ t 8 compla9t 0 incurable1 hav+ nam$ ! pr9ce :o 0 to succe$ him1 he took poison & di$1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ^? k+s :5 !y are afflict$ ) any physical de=mity407#gc7 7,m#bf7 ,! k+ ( ,s(ala :o d>$ to survive ! loss ( 8 front too? 0 ?us a bold re=m] l ,ergam5es1 k+ ( ,e?iopia4 ,we may conjecture t ! gr\nd = putt+ ! ,e?iopian k+s to dea? 01 z 9 ! case ( ! ,zulu & ,s(ala k+s1 ! appe>ance on _! p]son ( any bodily defect or sign ( decay2 & t ! oracle :i* ! prie/s alleg$ z ! au?ority = ! royal execution 0 to ! effect t great calamities w\ld result f ! reign ( a k+ :o _h any blemi% on 8 body2 j z an oracle w>n$ ,sp>ta aga9/ a 8lame reign10 t is1 ! reign ( a lame k+47#gd7 ,x is "s confirmation ( ?is conjecture t ! k+s ( ,e?iopia 7 *os5 = _! size1 /r5g?1 & beauty long be=e ! cu/om ( kill+ !m 0 aboli%$47#ge7 ,to ?is day ! ,sultan ( ,wadai mu/ h no obvi\s bodily defect1 & ! k+ ( ,angoy _c be cr[n$ if he has a s+le blemi%1 su* z a brok5 or a fil$ too? or ! sc> ( an old w\nd47#gf7 ,accord+ to ! ,book ( ,acaill & _m o!r au?orities no k+ :o 0 afflict$ ) a p]sonal blemi% might reign ov] ,irel& at ,t>a4 ,h5ce1 :5 ! great ,k+ ,cormac ,mac ,art lo/ "o eye by an accid5t1 he at once abdicat$47#gg7 ,x is only natural1 !re=e1 to suppose1 especially ) ! o!r ,african examples be=e u1 t any bodily defect or symptom ( old age appe>+ on ! p]son ( ! ,e?iopian mon>* 0 ! signal = 8 execution4 ,at a lat] "t x is record$ t if ! k+ ( ,e?iopia became maim$ 9 any "p ( 8 body all 8 c\rti]s _h to suff] ! same mutilation47#gh7 ,b ?is rule may p]haps h be5 in/itut$ at ! "t :5 ! cu/om ( kill+ ! k+ = any p]sonal defect 0 aboli%$2 in/ead ( compell+ ! k+ to die because1 = example1 he _h lo/ a too?1 all 8 subjects w\ld be oblig$ to lose a too?1 & ?us ! invidi\s sup]iority ( ! subjects ov] ! k+ w\ld be cancell$4 ,a rule ( ?is sort is /ill obs]v$ 9 ! same region at ! c\rt ( ! ,sultans ( ,d>fur4 ,:5 ! ,sultan c\ghs1 e "o makes ! s\nd ts ts by /rik+ ! tongue aga9/ ! root ( ! upp] tee?2 :5 he sneezes1 ! :ole assembly utt]s a s\nd l ! cry ( ! jeko2 :5 he falls (f 8 horse1 all 8 foll[]s mu/ fall (f likewise2 if any "o ( !m rema9s 9 ! saddle1 no matt] h[ high 8 rank1 he is laid on ! gr\nd & beat547#gi7 ,at ! c\rt ( ! k+ ( ,ug&a 9 c5tral ,africa1 :5 ! k+ laughs1 e "o laughs2 :5 he sneezes1 e "o sneezes2 :5 he has a cold1 e "o pret5ds to h a cold2 :5 he has 8 hair cut1 s has ev]ybody47#hj7 ,at ! c\rt ( ,boni 9 ,celebes x is a rule t :atev] ! k+ does all ! c\rti]s mu/ d4 ,if he /&s1 !y /&2 if he sits1 !y sit2 if he falls (f 8 horse1 !y fall (f _! horses2 if he ba!s1 !y ba!1 & pass]s-by mu/ g into ! wat] 9 ! dress1 good or bad1 :i* !y happ5 to h on47#ha7 ,:5 ! emp]or ( ,*9a laughs1 ! m&>9s 9 att5dance laugh also2 :5 he /ops laugh+1 !y /op2 :5 he is sad1 _! c\nt5ances are *opfall52 8y w\ld say t _! faces are on spr+s1 & t ! emp]or c t\* ! spr+s & set !m 9 motion at pleasure407#hb7 ,b to return to ! dea? ( ! div9e k+4 7,m#bg7 ,_m days' j\rney to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,abomey1 ! old capital ( ,dahomey1 lies ! k+dom ( ,eyeo4 8,! ,eyeos are gov]n$ by a k+1 no less absolute ?an ! k+ ( ,dahomy1 yet subject to a regulation ( /ate1 at once humiliat+ & extraord9>y4 ,:5 ! p h conceiv$ an op9ion ( 8 ill-gov]nm5t1 :i* is sometimes insidi\sly infus$ into !m by ! artifice ( 8 discont5t$ m9i/]s1 !y s5d a deputation to him ) a pres5t ( p>rots' eggs1 z a m>k ( its au!nticity1 to repres5t to him t ! burd5 ( gov]nm5t mu/ h s f> fatigu$ him t !y consid] x full "t = him to repose f 8 c>es & indulge himself ) a little sleep4 ,he ?anks 8 subjects = _! att5tion to 8 ease1 retires to 8 own ap>tm5t z if to sleep1 & !re gives directions to 8 wom5 to /rangle him4 ,?is is imm$iately execut$1 & 8 son quietly asc5ds ! ?rone ^u ! usual t]ms ( hold+ ! re9s ( gov]nm5t no long] ?an :il/ he m]its ! approbation ( ! p40 ,ab\t ! ye> #aggd1 a k+ ( ,eyeo1 :om 8 m9i/]s attempt$ to remove 9 ! cu/om>y mann]1 positively refus$ to accept ! pr(f]$ p>rots' eggs at _! h&s1 tell+ !m t he _h no m9d to take a nap1 b on ! contr>y 0 resolv$ to wat* = ! b5efit ( 8 subjects4 ,! m9i/]s1 surpris$ & indignant at 8 recalcitrancy1 rais$ a rebellion1 b 7 defeat$ ) great slaught]1 & ?us by 8 spirit$ conduct ! k+ fre$ himself f ! tyranny ( 8 c\ncillors & e/abli%$ a new prec$5t = ! guidance ( 8 successors47#hc7 ,h[ev]1 ! old cu/om seems to h reviv$ & p]si/$ until late 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 = a ,ca?olic mission>y1 writ+ 9 #ahhd1 speaks ( ! practice z if x 7 /ill 9 vogue47#hd7 ,ano!r mission>y1 writ+ 9 #ahha1 ?us describes ! usage ( ! ,egbas & ! ,yorubas ( we/ ,africa3 8,among ! cu/oms ( ! c\ntry "o ( ! mo/ curi\s is unque/ionably t ( judg+ & puni%+ ! k+4 ,%\ld he h e>n$ ! hatr$ ( 8 p by exce$+ 8 rights1 "o ( 8 c\ncillors1 on :om ! heavy duty is laid1 requires ( ! pr9ce t he %all #8g to sleep1' :i* means simply #8take poison & die4' ,if 8 c\rage fails him at ! supreme mom5t1 a fri5d r5d]s him ?is la/ s]vice1 & quietly1 )\t betray+ ! secret1 !y prep>e ! p = ! news ( ! k+'s dea?4 ,9 ,yoruba ! ?+ is manag$ a little diff]5tly4 ,:5 a son is born to ! k+ ( ,oyo1 !y make a model ( ! infant's "r foot 9 clay & keep x 9 ! h\se ( ! eld]s 7ogboni74 ,if ! k+ fails to obs]ve ! cu/oms ( ! c\ntry1 a mess5g]1 )\t speak+ a ^w1 %ews him 8 *ild's foot4 ,! k+ kn[s :at t means4 ,he takes poison & goes to sleep407#he7 ,! old ,prussians ackn[l$g$ z _! supreme "l a rul] :o gov]n$ !m 9 ! "n ( ! gods1 & 0 kn[n z ,god's ,m\? 7,kirwaido74 ,:5 he felt himself weak & ill1 if he wi%$ to leave a good "n beh9d him1 he _h a great heap made ( ?orn-bu%es & /raw1 on :i* he m\nt$ & deliv]$ a long s]mon to ! p1 exhort+ !m to s]ve ! gods & promis+ to g to ! gods & speak = ! p4 ,!n he took "s ( ! p]petual fire :i* burn$ 9 front ( ! holy oak-tree1 & light+ ! pile ) x burn$ himself to dea?47#hf7 7,m#bh7 ,we ne$ n d\bt ! tru? ( ?is la/ tradition4 ,fanaticism or ! m]e love ( notoriety has l$ m5 9 o!r ages & o!r l&s to c\rt dea? 9 ! flames4 ,9 antiquity ! m\ntebank ,p]egr9us1 aft] bidd+ = fame 9 ! v>i\s *>act]s ( a ,*ri/ian m>tyr1 a %ameless cynic1 & a rebel aga9/ ,rome1 end$ 8 disreputable & va+lori\s c>e] by publicly burn+ himself at ! ,olympic fe/ival 9 ! pres5ce ( a cr[d ( admir]s & sc(f]s1 among :om 0 ! satiri/ ,lucian47#hg7 ,buddhi/ monks 9 ,*9a sometimes seek to atta9 ,nirvana by ! same me?od1 ! flame ( _! religi\s zeal be+ fann$ by a belief t ! m]it ( _! dea? r$\nds to ! good ( ! :ole community1 :ile ! praises :i* are %[]$ ^u !m 9 _! lives1 & ! prospect ( ! hon\rs & wor%ip :i* await !m aft] dea?1 s]ve z additional inc5tives to suicide4 ,! beautiful m\nta9s ( ,ti5-tai1 9 ! di/rict ( ,tai-*[1 are1 or 7 till lately1 ! sc5e ( _m su* volunt>y m>tyrdoms4 ,! victims are monks :o1 we>y ( ! vanities ( e>?1 h )drawn ev5 f _! mona/]ies & sp5t ye>s alone 9 "o or o!r ( ! h]mitages :i* are scatt]$ among ! rav9es & precipices ( ?is wild & seclud$ region4 ,_! fancy hav+ be5 wr\ght & _! resolution /rung to ! necess>y pit* by a life ( solitude & brood+ contemplation1 !y ann\nce _! int5tion & fix ! day ( _! dep>ture f ?is _w ( %ad[s1 always *oos+ = t purpose a fe/ival :i* draws a cr[d ( wor%ipp]s & pilgrims to "o ( ! _m mona/]ies ( ! di/rict4 ,adv]tisem5ts ( ! approa*+ solemnity are po/$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 & believ]s are invit$ to att5d & assi/ ! m>tyrs ) _! pray]s4 ,f ?ree to five monks are said ?us to commit !mselves to ! flames e ye> at ,ti5-tai4 ,!y prep>e by fa/+ & ablution = ! la/ fi]y trial ( _! fai?4 ,an upright *e/ conta9+ a seat is plac$ 9 a brick furnace1 & ! space betwe5 ! *e/ & ! walls ( ! furnace is fill$ ) fuel4 ,! doom$ man takes 8 seat 9 ! *e/2 ! door is %ut on him & b>r$2 fire is appli$ to ! combu/ibles1 & consumes ! c&idate = heav54 ,:5 all is ov]1 ! *>r$ rema9s are rak$ toge!r1 wor%ipp$1 & rev]5tly buri$ 9 a dagoba or %r9e de/9$ = ! pres]vation & wor%ip ( ! relics ( sa9ts4 ,! victims1 x is said1 are n always volunt>y4 ,9 remote di/ricts unscrupul\s prie/s h be5 kn[n to /upefy a cl]ical bro!r ) drugs & !n burn him publicly1 an unwill+ m>tyr1 z a means ( spread+ ! r5[n ( ! mona/]y & !reby attract+ ! alms ( ! fai?ful4 ,on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,janu>y #ahhh ! ,spiritual-hill mona/]y1 di/ant ab\t a day's j\rney f ! city ( ,w5-*[1 witness$ ! volunt>y dea? by fire ( two monks :o bore ! euphoni\s names ( ,p]ceptive-intellig5ce & ,effulg5t-glam\r4 ,be=e !y ent]$ ! furnaces1 ! spectators pray$ !m to become aft] dea? ! spiritual gu>dians ( ! neighb\rhood1 to protect x f all evil influ5ces1 & to grant luck 9 trade1 f9e seasons1 pl5tiful h>ve/s1 & e o!r bless+4 ,! m>tyrs complaisantly promis$ to comply ) ^! reque/s1 & 7 !reupon wor%ipp$ z liv+ ,buddhas1 :ile a /ream ( gifts p\r$ into ! c(f]s ( ! mona/]y47#hh7 ,among ! ,esquimaux ( ,b]+ ,/rait a %aman has be5 kn[n to burn himself alive 9 ! expectation ( return+ to life ) mu* /rong] p[]s ?an he _h possess$ be=e47#hi7 7,m#bi7 ,b ! suicides by fire ( ,*9ese ,buddhi/s & ,esquimaux sorc]]s h be5 f> surpass$ by ! fr5zies ( ,*ri/ian fanaticism4 ,9 ! sev5te5? c5tury ! int]nal tr\bles ( _! unhappy c\ntry1 view$ 9 ! dim light ( prophecy1 creat$ a widespread belief among ! ,russian p t ! end ( ! _w 0 at h&1 & t ! reign ( ,anti*ri/ 0 ab\t to beg94 ,we "k f ,scripture t ! old s]p5t1 :i* is ! devil1 has be5 or w be %ut up "u lock & key = a ?\s& ye>s17#ij7 & t ! numb] ( ! ,bea/ is six hundr$ & sixty-six47#ia7 ,a simple ma!matical calculation1 bas$ on ^! irrefragable data1 po9t$ to ! ye> "o ?\s& six hundr$ & sixty-six z ! date :5 ! f9al consummation ( all ?+s & ! arrival ( ! ,bea/ 9 "q might be confid5tly anticipat$4 ,:5 ! ye> came & w5t & /ill1 to ! g5]al surprise1 ! animal fail$ to put 9 an appe>ance1 ! calculations 7 revis$1 x 0 discov]$ t an error _h crept into !m1 & ! _w 0 respit$ = ano!r ?irty-?ree ye>s4 ,b ?\gh op9ions diff]$ z to ! precise date ( ! cata/rophe1 ! pi\s 7 unanim\s 9 _! conviction ( its proximity4 ,accord+ly "s ( !m ceas$ to till _! fields1 ab&on$ _! h\ses1 & on c]ta9 nights ( ! ye> expect$ ! s\nd ( ! la/ trump 9 c(f9s :i* !y took ! precaution ( clos+1 le/ _! s5ses1 or :at rema9$ ( !m1 %\ld be ov]p[]$ by ! awful vision ( ! ,judgm5t ,day4 7,m#cj7 ,x w\ld h be5 well if ! delusion ( _! disord]$ intellects _h /opp$ !re4 ,unhappily 9 _m cases x w5t mu* fur!r1 & suicide1 univ]sal suicide1 0 prea*$ by f]v5t mission>ies z ! only means to escape ! sn>es ( ,anti*ri/ & to pass f ! s9s & sorr[s ( ?is fleet+ _w to ! et]nal joys ( heav54 ,:ole communities hail$ ) en?usiasm ! gospel ( dea?1 & ha/5$ to put its precepts 9 practice4 ,an epidemic ( suicide rag$ ?r\gh\t nor!rn & nor?-ea/]n ,russia4 ,at fir/ ! fav\rite mode ( dea? 0 by />vation4 ,9 ! =e/ ( ,vetl\ga1 = example1 an old man f\nd$ an e/abli%m5t = ! use ( religi\s suicides4 ,x 0 a build+ )\t doors & w9d[s4 ,! aspirants to heav5 7 l[]$ into x ?r\gh a hole 9 ! ro(1 ! hat* 0 batt5$ d[n on !m1 & m5 arm$ ) clubs patroll$ ! out] walls to prev5t ! prison]s f escap+4 ,hundr$s ( p]sons ?us di$ a l+]+ dea?4 ,at fir/ ! s\nds ( devotion issu$ f ! walls2 b z "t w5t on ^! 7 replac$ by entreaties = food1 pray]s = m]cy1 & f9ally imprecations on ! miscreant :o _h lur$ ^! misguid$ be+s to de/ruction & on ! p>5ts :o _h br\ght !m into ! _w to suff] su* exquisite torm5ts4 ,?us dea? by fam9e 0 att5d$ by "s obvi\s disadvantages4 ,x 0 sl[3 x op5$ ! door to rep5tance3 x occasionally admitt$ ( rescue4 ,accord+ly dea? by fire 0 pref]r$ z sur] & m exp$iti\s4 ,prie/s1 monks1 & laym5 sc\r$ ! villages & hamlets prea*+ salvation by ! flames1 "s ( !m deck$ 9 ! spoils ( _! victims2 = ! motives ( ! prea*]s 7 (t5 ( ! base/ sort4 ,!y did n sp>e ev5 ! *ildr51 b s$uc$ !m by promises ( ! gay clo!s1 ! apples1 ! nuts1 ! honey !y w\ld enjoy 9 heav54 ,sometimes :5 ! p hesitat$1 ^! infam\s wret*es decid$ ! wav]+ m9ds ( _! dupes by a false report t ! troops 7 com+ to deliv] !m up to ,anti*ri/1 & s to rob !m ( a blissful et]nity4 ,!n m51 wom51 & *ildr5 ru%$ into ! flames4 ,sometimes hundr$s1 & ev5 ?\s&s1 ?us p]i%$ toge!r4 ,an area 0 enclos$ by b>ricades1 fuel 0 heap$ up 9 x1 ! victims huddl$ toge!r1 fire set to ! :ole1 & ! sacrifice consummat$4 ,any :o 9 _! agony s\ght to escape 7 driv5 or ?r[n back into ! flames1 sometimes by _! own relations4 ,^! s9i/] fires g5]ally blaz$ at night1 r$d5+ ! sky till daybreak4 ,9 ! morn+ no?+ rema9$ b *>r$ bodies gnaw$ by pr[l+ dogs2 b ! /5* ( burnt human fle% poison$ ! air = days aft]w>ds47#ib7 7,m#ca7 ,z ! ,*ri/ians expect$ ! arrival ( ,anti*ri/ 9 ! ye> #afff1 s ! ,jews *e]fully anticipat$ ! long-delay$ adv5t ( _! ,messiah 9 ! same fateful ye>4 ,a ,jew ( ,smyrna1 by "n ,sabatei-,sevi1 avail$ himself ( ?is g5]al expectation to pose z ! ,messiah 9 p]son4 ,he 0 greet$ ) en?usiasm4 ,jews f _m p>ts ( ,europe ha/5$ to pay _! homage &1 :at 0 /ill bett]1 _! money to ! future deliv]] ( 8 c\ntry1 :o 9 return p>cell$ out among !m1 ) ! greate/ lib]ality1 e/ates 9 ! ,holy ,l& :i* did n belong to him4 ,b ! alt]native ( dea? by impalem5t or conv]sion to ,mohamm$anism1 :i* ! ,sultan submitt$ to 8 consid]ation1 induc$ him to revise 8 !ological op9ions1 & on look+ into ! matt] m closely he discov]$ t 8 true mission 9 life 0 to prea* ! total abolition ( ! ,jewi% religion & ! sub/itution = x ( ,islam47#ic7 #c4 ,k+s kill$ at ! ,end ( a ,fix$ ,t]m4 7,m#cb7 ,9 ! cases hi!rto describ$1 ! div9e k+ or prie/ is suff]$ by 8 p to reta9 (fice until "s outw>d defect1 "s visible symptom ( fail+ heal? or advanc+ age1 w>ns !m t he is no long] equal to ! dis*>ge ( 8 div9e duties2 b n until su* symptoms h made _! appe>ance is he put to dea?4 ,"s peoples1 h[ev]1 appe> to h ?\ght x unsafe to wait = ev5 ! slighte/ symptom ( decay & h pref]r$ to kill ! k+ :ile he 0 /ill 9 ! full vig\r ( life4 ,accord+ly1 !y h fix$ a t]m beyond :i* he might n reign1 & at ! close ( :i* he mu/ die1 ! t]m fix$ ^u be+ %ort en\gh to exclude ! probability ( 8 deg5]at+ physically 9 ! int]val4 ,9 "s p>ts ( s\!rn ,india ! p]iod fix$ 0 twelve ye>s4 ,?us1 accord+ to an old travell]1 9 ! prov9ce ( ,quilac>e1 ab\t tw5ty leagues to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,cape ,comor91 8!re is a ,g5tile h\se ( pray]1 9 :i* !re is an idol :i* !y hold 9 great acc\nt1 & e twelve ye>s !y celebrate a great fea/ to x1 :i!r all ! ,g5tiles g z to a jubilee4 ,?is temple possesses _m l&s & mu* rev5ue3 x is a v great affair4 ,?is prov9ce has a k+ ov] x1 :o has n m ?an twelve ye>s to reign f jubilee to jubilee4 ,8 mann] ( liv+ is 9 ?is wise1 t is to say3 :5 ! twelve ye>s are complet$1 on ! day ( ?is fea/ !re assemble toge!r innum]able p1 & mu* money is sp5t 9 giv+ food to ,bramans4 ,! k+ has a wood5 scaffold+ made1 spread ov] ) silk5 hang+s3 & on t day he goes to ba! at a tank ) great c]emonies & s\nd ( music1 aft] t he comes to ! idol & prays to x1 & m\nts on to ! scaffold+1 & !re be=e all ! p he takes "s v %>p knives1 & beg9s to cut (f 8 nose1 & !n 8 e>s1 & 8 lips1 & all 8 memb]s1 & z mu* fle% (f himself z he c2 & he ?r[s x away v hurri$ly until s mu* ( 8 blood is spill$ t he beg9s to fa9t1 & !n he cuts 8 ?roat himself4 ,& he p]=ms ?is sacrifice to ! idol1 & :oev] desires to reign o!r twelve ye>s & und]take ?is m>tyrdom = love ( ! idol1 has to be pres5t look+ on at ?is3 & f t place !y raise him up z k+407#id7 7,m#cc7 ,! k+ ( ,calicut1 on ! ,malab> coa/1 be>s ! title ( ,samor9 or ,samory1 :i* 9 ! native language is said to mean 8,god on e>?407#ie7 ,he 8pret5ds to be ( a high] rank ?an ! ,brahmans1 & to be inf]ior only to ! invisible gods2 a pret5tion t 0 ackn[l$g$ by 8 subjects1 b :i* is held z absurd & abom9able by ! ,brahmans1 by :om he is only treat$ z a ,sudra407#if7 ,=m]ly ! ,samor9 _h to cut 8 ?roat 9 public at ! end ( a twelve ye>s' reign4 ,b t[>ds ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ! rule _h be5 modifi$ z foll[s3 8,_m /range cu/oms 7 obs]v$ 9 ?is c\ntry 9 =m] times1 & "s v odd ones are /ill cont9u$4 ,x 0 an anci5t cu/om = ! ,samor9 to reign b twelve ye>s1 & no long]4 ,if he di$ be=e 8 t]m 0 expir$1 x sav$ him a tr\blesome c]emony ( cutt+ 8 own ?roat1 on a publick scaffold erect$ = ! purpose4 ,he fir/ made a fea/ = all 8 nobility & g5try1 :o are v num]\s4 ,aft] ! fea/ he salut$ 8 gue/s1 & w5t on ! scaffold1 & v dec5tly cut 8 own ?roat 9 ! view ( ! assembly1 & 8 body 01 a little :ile aft]1 burn$ ) great pomp & c]emony1 & ! gr&ees elect$ a new ,samor94 ,:e!r t cu/om 0 a religi\s or a civil c]emony1 ,i "k n1 b x is n[ laid aside4 ,& a new cu/om is foll[$ by ! mod]n ,samor9s1 t jubilee is proclaim$ ?r\gh\t 8 dom9ions1 at ! end ( twelve ye>s1 & a t5t is pit*$ = him 9 a spaci\s pla91 & a great fea/ is celebrat$ = t5 or twelve days1 ) mir? & jollity1 guns fir+ night & day1 s at ! end ( ! fea/ any f\r ( ! gue/s t h a m9d to ga9 a cr[n by a desp]ate action1 9 fight+ _! way ?r\gh #cj or #dj1jjj ( 8 gu>ds1 & kill ! ,samor9 9 8 t5t1 he t kills him succe$s him 9 8 empire4 ,9 anno #afie1 "o ( ^? jubilees happ5$1 & ! t5t pit*$ ne> ,p5nany1 a seaport ( 81 ab\t fifte5 leagues to ! s\?w>d ( ,calicut4 ,!re 7 b ?ree m5 t w\ld v5ture on t desp]ate action1 :o fell 91 ) sword & t>get1 among ! gu>d1 &1 aft] !y _h kill$ & w\nd$ _m1 7 !mselves kill$4 ,"o ( ! desp]ados _h a nephew ( fifte5 or sixte5 ye>s ( age1 t kept close by 8 uncle 9 ! attack on ! gu>ds1 &1 :5 he saw him fall1 ! y\? got ?r\gh ! gu>ds into ! t5t1 & made a /roke at 8 ,maje/y's head1 & _h c]ta9ly despat*$ him if a l>ge brass lamp :i* 0 burn+ ov] 8 head _h n m>r$ ! bl[2 b1 be=e he c\ld make ano!r1 he 0 kill$ by ! gu>ds2 &1 ,i believe1 ! same ,samor9 reigns yet4 ,i *anc$ to come t "t along ! coa/ & he>d ! guns = two or ?ree days & nights successively407#ig7 7,m#cd7 ,! ,engli% travell]1 ^: acc\nt ,i h quot$1 did n himself witness ! fe/ival he describes1 ?\gh he he>d ! s\nd ( ! fir+ 9 ! di/ance4 ,=tunately1 exact records ( ^! fe/ivals & ( ! numb] ( m5 :o p]i%$ at !m h be5 pres]v$ 9 ! ar*ives ( ! royal family at ,calicut4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury !y 7 exam9$ by ,mr4 ,w4 ,logan1 ) ! p]sonal assi/ance ( ! reign+ k+1 & f 8 "w x is possible to ga9 an accurate conception bo? ( ! trag$y & ( ! sc5e :]e x 0 p]iodically enact$ d[n to #agdc1 :5 ! c]emony took place = ! la/ "t4 7,m#ce7 ,! fe/ival at :i* ! k+ ( ,calicut /ak$ 8 cr[n & 8 life on ! issue ( battle 0 kn[n z ! ,maha ,makham or ,great ,sacrifice4 ,x fell e twelf? ye>1 :5 ! planet ,jupit] 0 9 retrograde motion 9 ! sign ( ! ,crab1 & x la/$ tw5ty-eight days1 culm9at+ at ! "t ( ! eigh? lun> a/]ism 9 ! mon? ( ,mak>am4 ,z ! date ( ! fe/ival 0 det]m9$ by ! position ( ,jupit] 9 ! sky1 & ! int]val betwe5 two fe/ivals 0 twelve ye>s1 :i* is r\ghly ,jupit]'s p]iod ( revolution r\nd ! sun17#ih7 we may conjecture t ! spl5did planet 0 suppos$ to be 9 a special s5se ! k+'s /> & to rule 8 de/9y1 ! p]iod ( its revolution 9 heav5 correspond+ to ! p]iod ( 8 reign on e>?4 ,h[ev] t may be1 ! c]emony 0 obs]v$ ) great pomp at ! ,tirunavayi temple1 on ! nor? bank ( ! ,ponnani ,riv]4 ,! spot is close to ! pres5t railway l9e4 ,z ! tra9 ru%es by1 y c j cat* a glimpse ( ! temple1 almo/ hidd5 beh9d a clump ( trees on ! riv] bank4 ,f ! we/]n gateway ( ! temple a p]fectly /raight road1 h>dly rais$ above ! level ( ! surr\nd+ rice-fields & %ad$ by a f9e av5ue1 runs = half a mile to a high ridge ) a precipit\s bank1 on :i* ! outl9es ( ?ree or f\r t]races c /ill be trac$4 ,on ! topmo/ ( ^! t]races ! k+ took 8 /& on ! ev5tful day4 ,! view :i* x comm&s is a f9e "o4 ,across ! flat expanse ( ! rice-fields1 ) ! broad placid riv] w9d+ ?r\gh !m1 ! eye ranges ea/w>d to high tablel&s1 _! l[] slopes emb[]$ 9 woods1 :ile af> (f looms ! great *a9 ( ! we/]n ,ghauts1 & 9 ! fur!/ di/ance ! ,neilgh]ries or ,blue ,m\nta9s1 h>dly di/+ui%able f ! azure ( ! sky above4 7,m#cf7 ,b x 0 n to ! di/ant prospect t ! k+'s eyes naturally turn$ at ?is crisis ( 8 fate4 ,8 att5tion 0 arre/$ by a spectacle ne>] at h&4 ,= all ! pla9 bel[ 0 alive ) troops1 _! bann]s wav+ gaily 9 ! sun1 ! :ite t5ts ( _! _m camps /&+ %>ply out aga9/ ! gre5 & gold ( ! rice-fields4 ,=ty ?\s& fight+ m5 or m 7 ga!r$ !re to def5d ! k+4 ,b if ! pla9 sw>m$ ) soldi]s1 ! road t cuts across x f ! temple to ! k+'s /& 0 cle> ( !m4 ,n a s\l 0 /irr+ on x4 ,ea* side ( ! way 0 b>r$ by palisades1 & f ! palisades on ei!r h& a long h$ge ( spe>s1 held by /rong arms1 project$ into ! empty road1 _! blades meet+ 9 ! middle & =m+ a glitt]+ ar* ( /eel4 ,all 0 n[ ready4 ,! k+ wav$ 8 sword4 ,at ! same mom5t a great *a9 ( massy gold1 enri*$ ) bosses1 0 plac$ on an elephant at 8 side4 ,t 0 ! signal4 ,on ! in/ant a /ir might be se5 half a mile away at ! gate ( ! temple4 ,a gr\p ( swordsm51 deck$ ) fl[]s & sme>$ ) a%es1 has /epp$ out f ! cr[d4 ,!y h j p>tak5 ( _! la/ meal on e>?1 & !y n[ receive ! la/ bless+s & f>ewells ( _! fri5ds4 ,a mom5t m & !y are com+ d[n ! lane ( spe>s1 hew+ & /abb+ "r & left at ! spe>m51 w9d+ & turn+ & wri?+ among ! blades z if !y _h no bones 9 _! bodies4 ,x is all 9 va94 ,"o aft] ! o!r !y fall1 "s ne>] ! k+1 "s fur!r (f1 cont5t to die1 n = ! %ad[ ( a cr[n1 b = ! m]e sake ( approv+ _! dauntless val\r & swordsman%ip to ! _w4 ,on ! la/ days ( ! fe/ival ! same magnific5t display ( gallantry1 ! same useless sacrifice ( life 0 repeat$ aga9 & aga94 ,yet p]haps no sacrifice is :olly useless :i* proves t !re are m5 :o pref] hon\r to life47#ii7 7,m#cg7 8,x is a s+ul> cu/om 9 ,b5gal10 says an old native hi/orian ( ,india1 8t !re is little ( h]$it>y desc5t 9 succession to ! sov]eignty4 ,!re is a ?rone allott$ = ! k+2 !re is1 9 l mann]1 a seat or /ation assign$ = ea* ( ! amirs1 wazirs1 & mansabd>s4 ,x is t ?rone & ^! /ations alone :i* engage ! rev]5ce ( ! p ( ,b5gal4 ,a set ( dep5d5ts1 s]vants1 & att5dants are annex$ to ea* ( ^! situations4 ,:5 ! k+ wi%es to dismiss or appo9t any p]son1 :osoev] is plac$ 9 ! seat ( ! "o dismiss$ is imm$iately att5d$ & obey$ by ! :ole e/abli%m5t ( dep5d5ts1 s]vants1 & reta9]s annex$ to ! seat :i* he occupies4 ,nay1 ?is rule obta9s ev5 z to ! royal ?rone itself4 ,:oev] kills ! k+1 & succe$s 9 plac+ himself on t ?rone1 is imm$iately ackn[l$g$ z k+2 all ! amirs1 wazirs1 soldi]s1 & peasants in/antly obey & submit to him1 & consid] him z be+ z mu* _! sov]eign z !y did _! =m] pr9ce1 & obey 8 ord]s implicitly4 ,! p ( ,b5gal say1 #8,we are fai?ful to ! ?rone2 :oev] fills ! ?rone we are ob$i5t & true to x4' 07#ajj7 ,a cu/om ( ! same sort =m]ly prevail$ 9 ! little k+dom ( ,passi]1 on ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,sumatra4 ,! old ,portuguese hi/orian ,de ,b>ros1 :o in=ms u ( x1 rem>ks ) surprise t no wise man w\ld wi% to be k+ ( ,passi]1 s9ce ! mon>* 0 n all[$ by 8 subjects to live long4 ,f "t to "t a sort ( fury seiz$ ! p1 & !y m>*$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! city *ant+ ) l\d voices ! fatal words1 8,! k+ mu/ die60 ,:5 ! k+ he>d t song ( dea? he knew t 8 h\r _h come4 ,! man :o /ruck ! fatal bl[ 0 ( ! royal l9eage1 & z soon z he _h done ! de$ ( blood & seat$ himself on ! ?rone he 0 reg>d$ z ! legitimate k+1 provid$ t he contriv$ to ma9ta9 8 seat peaceably = a s+le day4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ! regicide did n always succe$ 9 do+4 ,:5 ,f]no ,p]es d',&rade1 on a voyage to ,*9a1 put 9 at ,passi] = a c>go ( spices1 two k+s 7 massacr$1 & t 9 ! mo/ peaceable & ord]ly mann]1 )\t ! smalle/ sign ( tumult or s$ition 9 ! city1 :]e ev]y?+ w5t on 9 its usual c\rse1 z if ! murd] or execution ( a k+ 7 a matt] ( ev]yday occurr5ce4 ,inde$1 on "o occasion ?ree k+s 7 rais$ to ! dang]\s elevation & foll[$ ea* o!r on ! du/y road ( dea? 9 a s+le day4 ,! p def5d$ ! cu/om1 :i* !y e/eem$ v laudable & ev5 ( div9e in/itution1 by say+ t ,god w\ld nev] all[ s high & mighty a be+ z a k+1 :o reign$ z 8 viceg]5t on e>?1 to p]i% by viol5ce unless = 8 s9s he ?or\ghly des]v$ x47#aja7 ,f> away f ! tropical isl& ( ,sumatra a rule ( ! same sort appe>s to h obta9$ among ! old ,slavs4 ,:5 ! captives ,gunn & ,j>m]ik contriv$ to slay ! k+ & que5 ( ! ,slavs & made _! escape1 !y 7 pursu$ by ! b>b>ians1 :o %\t$ aft] !m t if !y w\ld only come back !y w\ld reign in/ead ( ! murd]$ mon>*1 s9ce by a public /atute ( ! anci5ts ! succession to ! ?rone fell to ! k+'s assass94 ,b ! fly+ regicides turn$ a deaf e> to promises :i* !y reg>d$ z m]e baits to lure !m back to de/ruction2 !y cont9u$ _! flight1 & ! %\ts & clam\r ( ! b>b>ians gradually di$ away 9 ! di/ance47#ajb7 7,m#ch7 ,:5 k+s 7 b\nd to suff] dea?1 :e!r at _! own h&s or at ! h&s ( o!rs1 on ! expiration ( a fix$ t]m ( ye>s1 x 0 natural t !y %\ld seek to delegate ! pa9ful duty1 along ) "s ( ! privileges ( sov]eignty1 to a sub/itute :o %\ld suff] vic>i\sly 9 _! /ead4 ,?is exp$i5t appe>s to h be5 resort$ to by "s ( ! pr9ces ( ,malab>4 ,?us we are in=m$ by a native au?ority on t c\ntry t 89 "s places all p[]s bo? executive & judicial 7 delegat$ = a fix$ p]iod to natives by ! sov]eign4 ,?is in/itution 0 /yl$ ,?alavettip>o?iam or au?ority obta9$ by decapitation4 ,p>o?iam is ! "n ( a supreme au?ority ( ^? days4 ,! "n ( ! (fice is /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,co*9 /ate1 :]e ! village headman is call$ a ,p>a?iak>an4 ,?is ,?alavettip>o?iam 0 a t]rible b int]e/+ in/itution4 ,x 0 an (fice t5able = five ye>s dur+ :i* its be>] 0 inve/$ ) supreme despotic p[]s )9 8 jurisdiction4 ,on ! expiry ( ! five ye>s ! man's head 0 cut (f & ?r[n up 9 ! air among/ a l>ge conc\rse ( villag]s1 ea* ( :om vi$ ) ! o!r 9 try+ to cat* x 9 its c\rse d[n4 ,he :o succe$$ 0 nom9at$ to ! po/ = ! next five ye>s407#ajc7 ,a simil> delegation ( ! duty ( dy+ = 8 c\ntry 0 p]haps practis$ by ! ,sultans ( ,java4 ,at lea/ su* a cu/om w\ld expla9 a /range sc5e :i* 0 witness$ at ! c\rt ( "o ( ^! sultans by ! fam\s travell] ,ibn ,batuta1 a native ( ,tangi]1 :o visit$ ! ,ea/ ,indies 9 ! fir/ half ( ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,he says3 8,dur+ my audi5ce ) ! ,sultan ,i saw a man :o held 9 8 h& a knife l t us$ by a grape-glean]4 ,he plac$ x on 8 own neck & spoke = a long "t 9 a language :i* ,i did n und]/&4 ,aft] t he seiz$ ! knife ) bo? h&s at once & cut 8 ?roat4 ,8 head fell to ! gr\nd1 s %>p 0 ! blade & s great ! =ce ) :i* he us$ x4 ,i rema9$ dumbf\nd]$ at 8 behavi\r1 b ! ,sultan said to me1 #8,does any "o d l t 9 y\r c\ntry8' ,i answ]$1 #8,nev] did ,i see su* a ?+4' ,he smil$ & repli$1 #8,^! p are our slaves1 & !y kill !mselves = love ( u4' ,!n he comm&$ t !y %\ld take away him :o _h sla9 himself & %\ld burn him4 ,! ,sultan's (fic]s1 ! gr&ees1 ! troops1 & ! common p att5d$ ! cremation4 ,! sov]eign assign$ a lib]al p5sion to ! *ildr5 ( ! deceas$1 to 8 wife1 & to 8 bro!rs2 & !y 7 highly hon\r$ because ( 8 conduct4 ,a p]son1 :o 0 pres5t at ! audi5ce :5 ! ev5t ,i h describ$ took place1 in=m$ me t ! spee* made by ! man :o sacrific$ himself set =? 8 devotion to ! mon>*4 ,he said t he wi%$ to immolate himself out ( affection = ! sov]eign1 z 8 fa!r _h done = love ( ! pr9ce's fa!r1 & z 8 gr&fa!r _h done out ( reg>d = ! pr9ce's gr&fa!r407#ajd7 ,we may conjecture t =m]ly ! sultans ( ,java1 l ! k+s ( ,quilac>e & ,calicut1 7 b\nd to cut _! own ?roats at ! end ( a fix$ t]m ( ye>s1 b t at a lat] "t !y deput$ ! pa9ful1 ?\gh glori\s1 duty ( dy+ = _! c\ntry to ! memb]s ( a c]ta9 family1 :o receiv$ by way ( recomp5se ample provision dur+ _! life & a h&some fun]al at dea?4 7,m#ci7 ,a simil> mode ( religi\s suicide seems to h be5 (t5 adopt$ 9 ,india1 especially 9 ,malab>1 dur+ ! ,middle ,ages4 ,?us we are told by ,fri> ,jordanus t 9 ! ,great] ,india1 by :i* he seems to mean ,malab> & ! neighb\r+ regions1 _m sacrifice !mselves to ! idols4 ,:5 !y are sick or involv$ 9 mis=tune1 !y v[ !mselves to ! idol 9 case !y are deliv]$4 ,!n1 :5 !y h recov]$1 !y fatt5 !mselves = "o or two ye>s2 & :5 ano!r fe/ival comes r\nd1 !y cov] !mselves ) fl[]s1 cr[n !mselves ) :ite g>l&s1 & g s++ & play+ be=e ! idol1 :5 x is c>ri$ ?r\gh ! l&4 ,!re1 aft] !y h %[n (f a great deal1 !y take a sword ) two h&les1 l ^? us$ 9 curry+ lea!r1 put x to ! back ( _! neck1 & cutt+ /rongly ) bo? h&s sev] _! heads f _! bodies be=e ! idol47#aje7 ,aga91 ,nicolo ,conti1 :o travell$ 9 ! ,ea/ 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 in=ms u t 9 ! city ( ,cambaita 8_m pres5t !mselves :o h det]m9$ ^u self immolation1 hav+ on _! neck a broad circul> piece ( iron1 ! =e "p ( :i* is r\nd & ! h9d] "p extremely %>p4 ,a *a9 atta*$ to ! =e "p hangs susp5d$ ^u ! brea/1 into :i* ! victims1 sitt+ d[n ) _! legs drawn up & _! neck b5t1 ins]t _! feet4 ,!n1 on ! speak] pron\nc+ c]ta9 words1 !y sudd5ly /ret* out _! legs1 & at ! same "t draw+ up _! neck1 cut (f _! own head1 yield+ up _! lives z a sacrifice to _! idols4 ,^! m5 are reg>d$ z sa9ts407#ajf7 ,among ! ,ja9tias or ,synt5gs1 a ,khasi tribe ( ,assam1 human sacrifices us$ to be annually (f]$ on ! ,s&hi day 9 ! mon? ( ,a%w94 ,p]sons (t5 came =w>d volunt>ily & pres5t$ !mselves z victims4 ,?is !y g5]ally did by appe>+ be=e ! ,rajah on ! la/ day ( ,%ravan & decl>+ t ! goddess _h call$ !m to h]self4 ,aft] due enquiry1 if ! w\ld-be victim 7 f\nd suitable1 x 0 cu/om>y = ! ,rajah to pres5t him ) a gold5 anklet & to give him p]mission to live z he *ose & to d :at he lik$1 ! royal treasury und]tak+ to pay comp5sation = any damage he might d 9 ! ex]cise ( 8 rem>kable privileges4 ,b ! enjoym5t ( ^! privileges 0 v %ort4 ,on ! day appo9t$ ! volunt>y victim1 aft] ba?+ & purify+ himself1 0 dress$ 9 new attire1 daub$ ) r$ s&al-wood & v]milion1 & b$eck$ ) g>l&s4 ,?us array$1 he sat = a "t 9 m$itation & pray] on a dais 9 front ( ! goddess2 !n he made a sign ) 8 f+]1 & ! execution]1 aft] utt]+ ! usual =mulas1 cut (f 8 head1 :i* 0 !reaft] laid be=e ! goddess on a gold5 plate4 ,! lungs 7 cook$ & eat5 by su* ,k&ra ,yogis z 7 pres5t1 & x is said t ! royal family p>took ( a small quantity ( rice cook$ 9 ! blood ( ! victim4 ,! c]emony 0 usually witness$ by cr[ds ( spectators :o assembl$ f all p>ts ( ! neighb\r+ hills4 ,:5 ! supply ( volunt>y victims fell %ort1 emiss>ies 7 s5t out to kidnap /rang]s f o!r t]ritories1 & x 0 ! practice ( su* man-hunts t l$ to ! annexation ( ! ,ja9tia c\ntry by ! ,briti%47#ajg7 7,m#dj7 ,:5 once k+s1 :o _h hi!rto be5 b\nd to die a viol5t dea? at ! end ( a t]m ( ye>s1 conceiv$ ! happy ?\ght ( dy+ by deputy 9 ! p]sons ( o!rs1 !y w\ld v naturally put x 9 practice2 & accord+ly we ne$ n wond] at f9d+ s popul> an exp$i5t1 or traces ( x1 9 _m l&s4 ,?us1 = example1 ! ,bhuiyas are an aborig9al race ( nor?-ea/]n ,india1 & "o ( _! *ief seats is ,keonjhur4 ,at ! in/allation ( a ,rajah ( ,keonjhur a c]emony is obs]v$ :i* has be5 describ$ z foll[s by an ,engli% (fic] :o witness$ x3 8,!n ! sword1 a v ru/y old weapon1 is plac$ 9 ! ,raja's h&s1 & "o ( ! ,bhuiyas1 nam$ ,an& ,kopat1 comes be=e him1 & kneel+ sideways1 ! ,raja t\*es him on ! neck z if ab\t to /rike (f 8 head1 & x is said t 9 =m] days !re 0 no fiction 9 ?is "p ( ! c]emony4 ,! family ( ! ,kopat hold _! l&s on ! condition t ! victim :5 requir$ %all be produc$4 ,an&1 h[ev]1 hurri$ly arose aft] ! accolade & disappe>$4 ,he mu/ n be se5 = ?ree days2 !n he pres5ts himself aga9 to ! ,raja z miracul\sly re/or$ to life407#ajh7 ,"h ! cu/om ( putt+ ! k+'s proxy to dea? has dw9dl$1 probably "u ,engli% influ5ce1 to a m]e pret5ce2 b else:]e x survives1 or surviv$ till rec5t times1 9 full =ce4 ,cassange1 a native /ate 9 ! int]ior ( ,angola1 is rul$ by a k+1 :o be>s ! title ( ,jaga4 ,:5 a k+ is ab\t to be in/all$ 9 (fice1 "s ( ! *iefs are despat*$ to f9d a human victim1 :o may n be relat$ by blood or m>riage to ! new mon>*4 ,:5 he comes to ! k+'s camp1 ! victim is provid$ ) ev]y?+ he requires1 & all 8 ord]s are obey$ z promptly z ^? ( ! sov]eign4 ,on ! day ( ! c]emony ! k+ takes 8 seat on a p]=at$ iron /ool1 8 *iefs1 c\ncillors1 & ! re/ ( ! p =m+ a great circle r\nd ab\t him4 ,beh9d ! k+ sits 8 pr9cipal wife1 toge!r ) all 8 concub9es4 ,an iron gong1 ) two small bells atta*$ to x1 is !n /ruck by an (ficial1 :o cont9ues to r+ ! bells dur+ ! c]emony4 ,! victim is !n introduc$ & plac$ 9 front ( ! k+1 b ) 8 back t[>ds him4 ,arm$ ) a scimit> ! k+ !n cuts op5 ! man's back1 extracts 8 he>t1 & hav+ tak5 a bite out ( x1 spits x out & gives x to be burn$4 ,! c\ncillors meantime hold ! victim's body s t ! blood f ! w\nd sp\ts aga9/ ! k+'s brea/ & belly1 &1 p\r+ ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! iron /ool1 is collect$ by ! *iefs 9 _! h&s1 :o rub _! brea/s & be>ds ) x1 :ile !y %\t1 8,great is ! k+ & ! rites ( ! /ate60 ,aft] t ! corpse is sk9n$1 cut up1 & cook$ ) ! fle% ( an ox1 a dog1 a h51 & "s o!r animals4 ,! meal ?us prep>$ is s]v$ fir/ to ! k+1 !n to ! *iefs & c\ncillors1 & la/ly to all ! p assembl$4 ,any man :o refus$ to p>take ( x w\ld be sold into slav]y toge!r ) 8 family47#aji7 ,! di/9ction ) :i* ! human victim is "h treat$ be=e 8 execution sugge/s t he is a sub/itute = ! k+4 7,m#da7 ,sc&9avian traditions conta9 "s h9ts t ( old ! ,sw$i% k+s reign$ only = p]iods ( n9e ye>s1 aft] :i* !y 7 put to dea? or _h to f9d a sub/itute to die 9 _! /ead4 ,?us ,aun or ,on1 k+ ( ,sw$51 is said to h sacrific$ to ,od9 = l5g? ( days & to h be5 answ]$ by ! god t he %\ld live s long z he sacrific$ "o ( 8 sons e n9? ye>4 ,he sacrific$ n9e ( !m 9 ?is mann]1 & w\ld h sacrific$ ! t5? & la/1 b ! ,sw$es w\ld n all[ him4 ,s he di$ & 0 buri$ 9 a m\nd at ,upsala47#aaj7 ,ano!r indication ( a simil> t5ure ( ! cr[n occurs 9 a curi\s leg5d ( ! disposition & bani%m5t ( ,od94 ,(f5d$ at 8 misde$s1 ! o!r gods outlaw$ & exil$ him1 b set up 9 8 place a sub/itute1 ,oll] by "n1 a cunn+ wiz>d1 to :om !y accord$ ! symbols bo? ( royalty & ( godhead4 ,! deputy bore ! "n ( ,od91 & reign$ = ne>ly t5 ye>s1 :5 he 0 driv5 f ! ?rone1 :ile ! real ,od9 came to 8 own aga94 ,8 discomfit$ rival retir$ to ,sw$5 & 0 aft]w>ds sla9 9 an attempt to repair 8 %att]$ =tunes47#aaa7 ,z gods are (t5 m]ely m5 :o loom l>ge ?r\gh ! mi/s ( tradition1 we may conjecture t ?is ,norse leg5d pres]ves a confus$ rem9isc5ce ( anci5t ,sw$i% k+s :o reign$ = n9e or t5 ye>s toge!r1 !n abdicat$1 delegat+ to o!rs ! privilege ( dy+ = _! c\ntry4 ,! great fe/ival :i* 0 held at ,upsala e n9e ye>s may h be5 ! occasion on :i* ! k+ or 8 deputy 0 put to dea?4 ,we "k t human sacrifices =m$ "p ( ! rites47#aab7 #d4 ,oct5nial ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 7,m#db7 ,!re are "s gr\nds = believ+ t ! reign ( _m anci5t ,greek k+s 0 limit$ to eight ye>s1 or at lea/ t at ! end ( e p]iod ( eight ye>s a new consecration1 a fre% outp\r+ ( ! div9e grace1 0 reg>d$ z necess>y 9 ord] to enable !m to dis*>ge _! civil & religi\s duties4 ,?us x 0 a rule ( ! ,sp>tan con/itution t e eigh? ye> ! ephors %\ld *oose a cle> & moonless night & sitt+ d[n obs]ve ! sky 9 sil5ce4 ,if dur+ _! vigil !y saw a meteor or %oot+ />1 !y inf]r$ t ! k+ _h s9n$ aga9/ ! deity1 & !y susp5d$ him f 8 functions until ! ,delphic or ,olympic oracle %\ld re9/ate him 9 !m4 ,?is cu/om1 :i* has all ! air ( great antiquity1 0 n suff]$ to rema9 a dead lett] ev5 9 ! la/ p]iod ( ! ,sp>tan mon>*y2 = 9 ! ?ird c5tury be=e our era a k+1 :o _h r5d]$ himself obnoxi\s to ! re=m+ p>ty1 0 actually depos$ on v>i\s trump$-up *>ges1 among :i* ! allegation t ! om9\s sign _h be5 se5 9 ! sky took a prom95t place47#aac7 ,:5 we comp>e ?is cu/om ) ! evid5ce to be pres5tly adduc$ ( an eight ye>s' t5ure ( ! k+%ip 9 ,greece1 we %all probably agree ) ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]7#aad7 t ! qua9t ,sp>tan practice 0 mu* m ?an a m]e antiqu>ian curiosity2 x 0 ! att5uat$ survival ( an in/itution :i* may once h _h great significance1 & x ?r[s an important light on ! re/rictions & limitations anci5tly impos$ by religion on ! ,dorian k+%ip4 ,:at exactly 0 ! import ( a meteor 9 ! op9ion ( ! old ,dorians we c h>dly hope to det]m9e2 "o ?+ only is cle>1 !y reg>d$ x z a port5t ( s om9\s & ?reat5+ a k9d t its appe>ance "u c]ta9 circum/ances ju/ifi$ & ev5 requir$ ! deposition ( _! k+4 ,?is exagg]at$ dread ( s simple a natural ph5om5on is %>$ by _m savages at ! pres5t day2 & we %all h>dly err 9 suppos+ t ! ,sp>tans inh]it$ x f _! b>b>\s ance/ors1 :o may h wat*$ ) con/]nation1 on _m a />ry night among ! woods ( ,g]many1 ! fla%+ ( a meteor ?r\gh ! sky4 ,x may be well1 ev5 at ! co/ ( a digression1 to illu/rate ?is primitive sup]/ition by examples4 7,m#dc7 ,?us1 %oot+ />s & meteors are view$ ) appreh5sion by ! natives ( ! ,&aman ,isl&s1 :o suppose !m to be light$ faggots hurl$ into ! air by ! malignant _s ( ! woods 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! :]eab\ts ( any unhappy wight 9 8 vic9ity4 ,h5ce if !y happ5 to be away f _! camp :5 ! meteor is se51 !y hide !mselves & rema9 sil5t = a little be=e !y v5ture to resume ! "w !y 7 at2 = example1 if !y are out fi%+ !y w cr\* at ! bottom ( ! boat47#aae7 ,! natives ( ! ,tully ,riv] 9 ,que5sl& believe fall+ />s to be ! fire-/icks c>ri$ ab\t by ! spirits ( dead enemies4 ,:5 !y see "o %oot+ ?r\gh ! air !y take x z a sign t an enemy is ne>1 & accord+ly !y %\t & make z mu* noise z !y c2 next morn+ !y all g out 9 ! direction 9 :i* ! /> fell & look = ! tracks ( _! foe47#aaf7 ,! ,turrbal tribe ( ,que5sl& ?\ght t a fall+ /> 0 a m$ic9e-man fly+ ?r\gh ! air & dropp+ 8 fire-/ick to kill somebody2 if !re 0 a sick man 9 ! camp1 !y reg>d$ him z doom$47#aag7 ,! ,ng>igo ( ,new ,s\? ,wales believ$ ! fall ( a meteor to betok5 ! place :]e _! foes 7 mu/]+ = w>47#aah7 ,! ,kaiti% tribe ( c5tral ,au/ralia imag9e t ! fall ( a /> m>ks ! :]eab\ts ( a man :o has kill$ ano!r by means ( a magical po9t+-/ick or bone4 ,if a memb] ( any gr\p has be5 kill$ 9 ?is way1 8 fri5ds wat* = ! desc5t ( a meteor1 m>* 9 t direction1 slay an enemy !re1 & leave 8 body ly+ on ! gr\nd4 ,! fri5ds ( ! murd]$ man und]/& :at has happ5$1 & bury 8 body :]e ! /> fell2 = !y recognise ! spot by ! s(tness ( ! e>?47#aai7 ,! ,m>a tribe ( nor!rn ,au/ralia suppose a fall+ /> to be "o ( two ho/ile spirits1 fa!r & son1 :o live up 9 ! sky & come d[n occasionally to d h>m to m54 ,9 ?is tribe ! pr(ession ( m$ic9e-man is /rictly h]$it>y 9 ! /ock :i* has ! fall+ /> = its totem27#abj7 if ^! wiz>ds _h ev] develop$ into k+s1 ! desc5t ( a meteor at c]ta9 times might h _h ! same fatal significance = !m z = ! k+s ( ,sp>ta4 ,! ,taui ,isl&]s1 to ! we/ ( ! ,bism>ck ,ar*ipelago1 make w> 9 ! direction 9 :i* !y h obs]v$ a /> to fall17#aba7 probably = a reason l t :i* induces ! ,kaiti% to d ! same4 7,m#dd7 ,:5 ! ,b>onga ( s\? ,africa see a %oot+ /> !y spit on ! gr\nd to av]t ! evil om51 & cry1 8,g away6 g away all alone60 ,by ?is !y mean t ! light1 :i* is s soon to disappe>1 is n to take !m ) x1 b to g & die by itself47#abb7 ,s :5 a ,masai p]ceives ! fla% ( a meteor he spits sev]al times & says1 8,be lo/6 g 9 ! direction ( ! enemy60 aft] :i* he adds1 8,/ay away f me407#abc7 ,! ,namaquas 8are greatly afraid ( ! meteor :i* is vulg>ly call$ a fall+ />1 = !y consid] x a sign t sickness is com+ ^u ! cattle1 & to escape x !y w imm$iately drive !m to "s o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,!y call out to ! /> h[ _m cattle !y h1 & beg ( x n to s5d sickness407#abd7 ,! ,be*uanas are also mu* al>m$ at ! appe>ance ( a meteor4 ,if !y happ5 to be danc+ 9 ! op5 air at ! "t1 !y w in/antly desi/ & retire ha/ily to _! huts47#abe7 ,! ,ewe negroes ( ,gu9ea reg>d a fall+ /> z a p[]ful div9ity1 & wor%ip x z "o ( _! national gods1 by ! "n ( ,nyikpla or ,nyigbla4 ,9 _! op9ion ! fall+ /> is especially a w>-god :o m>*es at ! head ( ! ho/ & leads x to victory1 rid+ l ,ca/or & ,pollux on horseback4 ,b he is also a ra9-god1 & ! %[]s are s5t by him f ! sky4 ,special prie/s are devot$ to 8 wor%ip1 ) a *ief prie/ at _! head1 :o resides 9 ! capital4 ,!y are kn[n by ! r$ /aves :i* !y c>ry & by ! high-po9t$ caps1 wov5 ( ?reads & palm-leaves1 :i* !y we> on _! heads4 ,9 times ( dr\ght !y call ^u _! god by night ) wild h[ls4 ,once a ye> an ox is sacrific$ to him at ! capital1 & ! prie/s consume ! fle%4 ,on ?is occasion ! p sme> !mselves ) ! poll5 ( a c]ta9 plant & g 9 procession ?r\gh ! t[ns & villages1 s++1 danc+1 & beat+ drums47#abf7 7,m#de7 ,by "s ,indians ( ,cali=nia meteors 7 call$ 8*ildr5 ( ! moon10 & :5ev] "y wom5 saw "o ( !m !y fell to ! gr\nd & cov]$ _! heads1 fe>+ t1 if ! meteor saw !m1 _! faces w\ld become ugly & diseas$47#abg7 ,! ,t>ahum>es ( ,mexico fancy t a %oot+ /> is a dead sorc]] com+ to h>m a man :o h>m$ him 9 life4 ,h5ce :5 !y see "o !y huddle toge!r & scream = t]ror47#abh7 ,:5 a ,g]man travell] 0 liv+ ) ! ,bororos ( c5tral ,brazil1 a spl5did meteor fell1 spread+ dismay ?r\gh ! ,indian village4 ,x 0 believ$ to be ! s\l ( a dead m$ic9e-man1 :o sudd5ly appe>$ 9 ?is =m to ann\nce t he want$ meat1 & t1 z a prelim9>y measure1 he propos$ to visit somebody ) an attack ( dys5t]y4 ,its appe>ance 0 greet$ ) yells f a hundr$ ?roats3 m51 wom51 & *ildr5 sw>m$ out ( _! huts l ants ^: ne/ has be5 di/urb$2 & soon wat*-fires blaz$1 r\nd :i* at a little di/ance gr\ps ( dusky figures ga!r$1 :ile 9 ! middle1 ?r[n into /rong relief by ! flick]+ light ( ! fire1 two r$-pa9t$ sorc]]s reel$ & /agg]$ 9 a /ate ( frantic excitem5t1 snort+ & spitt+ t[>ds ! qu>t] ( ! sky :]e ! meteor _h run its brief b brilliant c\rse4 ,press+ 8 "r h& to 8 yell+ m\?1 ea* ( !m held al(t 9 8 ext5d$ left1 by way ( propitiat+ ! angry />1 a bundle ( cig>ettes4 8,!re60 !y seem$ to say1 8all t tobacco w we give to w>d (f ! imp5d+ visitation4 ,woe to y1 if y d n leave u 9 peace407#abi7 ,! ,l5gua ,indians ( ! ,gran ,*aco also /& 9 great fe> ( meteors1 imag9+ !m to be /ones hurl$ f heav5 at ! wick$ sorc]]s :o h done p to dea? by _! *>ms47#acj7 ,:5 ! ,abipones beheld a meteor fla%+ or he>d ?und] roll+ 9 ! sky1 !y imag9$ t "o ( _! m$ic9e-m5 _h di$1 & t ! fla% ( light & ! peal ( ?und] 7 "p ( 8 fun]al hon\rs47#aca7 7,m#df7 ,:5 ! ,laughlan ,isl&]s see a %oot+ /> !y make a great noise1 = !y ?9k x is ! old woman :o lives 9 ! moon com+ d[n to e>? to cat* somebody1 :o may relieve h] ( h] duties 9 ! moon :ile %e goes away to ! happy _s-l&47#acb7 ,9 ,v$ic ,india a meteor 0 believ$ to be ! embodim5t ( a demon1 & on its appe>ance c]ta9 hymns or incantations1 suppos$ to possess ! p[] ( kill+ demons1 7 recit$ = ! purpose ( expiat+ ! prodigy47#acc7 ,to ?is day 9 ,india1 :5 wom5 see a fall+ />1 !y spit ?rice to sc>e ! demon47#acd7 ,"s ( ! ,e/honians at ! pres5t "t reg>d %oot+ />s z evil spirits47#ace7 ,x is a ,mohamm$an belief t fall+ />s are demons or j9n :o h attempt$ to scale ! sky1 &1 be+ repuls$ by ! angels ) /ones1 are hurl$ headlong1 flam+1 f ! cele/ial vault4 ,h5ce e true believ] at sight ( a meteor %\ld say1 8,i take refuge ) ,god f ! /on$ devil407#acf7 7,m#dg7 ,a widespread sup]/ition1 ( :i* "s examples h already be5 giv51 associates meteors or fall+ />s ) ! s\ls ( ! dead4 ,(t5 !y are believ$ to be ! spirits ( ! dep>t$ on _! way to ! o!r _w4 ,! ,maoris imag9e t at dea? ! s\l leaves ! body & goes to ! ne!r _w 9 ! =m ( a fall+ />47#acg7 ,! ,k+smill ,isl&]s deem$ a %oot+ /> an om5 ( dea? to "s memb] ( ! family :i* occupi$ ! "p ( ! c\ncil-h\se ne>e/ to ! po9t ( ! sky :5ce ! meteor took its flight4 ,if ! /> 0 foll[$ by a tra9 ( light1 x =etold ! dea? ( a woman2 if n1 ! dea? ( a man47#ach7 ,:5 ! ,wotjobaluk tribe ( ,victoria see a %oot+ />1 !y ?9k x is fall+ ) ! he>t ( a man :o has be5 caught by a sorc]] & depriv$ ( 8 fat47#aci7 ,"o ev5+ :5 ,mr4 ,h[itt 0 talk+ ) an ,au/ralian black1 a bright meteor 0 se5 %oot+ ?r\gh ! sky4 ,! native wat*$ x & rem>k$1 8,an old blackfell[ has fall5 d[n !re407#adj7 ,among ! ,y]run?ally tribe ( ,que5sl& ! ideas on ?is subject 7 ev5 m def9ite4 ,!y ?\ght t aft] dea? !y w5t to a place away among ! />s1 & t to rea* x !y _h to climb up a rope2 :5 !y _h clamb]$ up !y let g ! rope1 :i*1 z x fell f heav51 appe>$ to p on e>? z a fall+ />47#ada7 ,! natives ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales ,isl&s1 (f ,que5sl&1 are mu* afraid ( %oot+ />s1 = !y believe !m to be gho/s :i*1 9 break+ up1 produce "y ones ( _! own k9d47#adb7 ,! natives ( ! ,gazelle ,p59sula 9 ,new ,brita9 ?9k t meteors are ! s\ls ( p :o h be5 murd]$ or eat52 s at ! sight ( a meteor fla%+ !y cry out1 8,! gho/ ( a murd]$ man607#adc7 ,accord+ to ! ,sulka ( ,new ,brita9 meteors are s\ls :i* h be5 flung into ! air 9 ord] to plunge into ! sea2 & ! tra9 ( light :i* !y leave beh9d !m is a burn+ tail ( dry coco-nut leaves :i* has be5 ti$ to !m by o!r s\ls1 9 ord] to help !m to w+ _! way ?r\gh ! air47#add7 ,! ,caffres ( ,s\? ,africa (t5 say t a %oot+ /> is ! sign ( ! dea? ( "s *ief1 & at sight ( x !y w spit on ! gr\nd z a m>k ( fri5dly feel+ t[>ds ! dead man47#ade7 ,simil>ly ! ,ababua ( ! ,congo valley ?9k t a *ief w die 9 ! village into :i* a /> appe>s to fall1 unless ! dang] ( dea? be av]t$ by a p>ticul> dance47#adf7 ,9 ! op9ion ( ! ,masai1 ! fall ( a meteor signifies ! dea? ( "s "o2 at sight ( x !y pray t ! victim may be "o ( _! enemies47#adg7 ,! ,wambugwe ( ea/]n ,africa fancy t ! />s are m51 ( :om "o dies :5ev] a /> is se5 to fall47#adh7 ,! ,t9neh ,indians & ! ,t*iglit ,esquimaux ( nor?-we/]n ,am]ica believe t human life on e>? is influ5c$ by ! />s1 & !y take a %oot+ /> to be a sign t "s "o has di$47#adi7 ,! ,lolos1 an aborig9al tribe ( we/]n ,*9a1 hold t = ea* p]son on e>? !re is a correspond+ /> 9 ! sky4 ,h5ce :5 a man is ill1 !y sacrifice w9e to 8 /> & light f\r & tw5ty lamps outside ( 8 room4 ,on ! day aft] ! fun]al !y dig a hole 9 ! *amb] ( dea? & pray ! dead man's /> to desc5d & be buri$ 9 x4 ,if ?is precaution 7 n tak51 ! /> might fall & hit somebody & hurt him v mu*47#aej7 ,9 classical antiquity !re 0 a popul> notion t e human be+ _h 8 own /> 9 ! sky1 :i* %one bright or dim accord+ to 8 good or evil =tune1 & fell 9 ! =m ( a meteor :5 he di$47#aea7 7,m#dh7 ,sup]/itions ( ! same sort are /ill commonly to be met ) 9 ,europe4 ,?us 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many !y say t at ! bir? ( a man a new /> is set 9 ! sky1 & t z x burns brilliantly or fa9tly he gr[s ri* or poor2 f9ally :5 he dies x drops f ! sky 9 ! lik5ess ( a %oot+ />47#aeb7 ,simil>ly 9 ,brittany1 ,transylvania1 ,bohemia1 ! ,abruzzi1 ! ,romagna1 & ! ,e/honian isl& ( ,oesel x is ?\ght by "s t e man has 8 own p>ticul> /> 9 ! sky1 & t :5 x falls 9 ! %ape ( a meteor he expires47#aec7 ,a l belief is ent]ta9$ by ,poli% ,jews47#aed7 ,9 ,/yria !y say t :5 a %oot+ /> is se5 a man has j di$1 or a poor s\l be5 releas$ f purgatory47#aee7 ,! ,e/honians believe t if any "o sees a fall+ /> on ,new ,ye>'s night he w die or be visit$ by a s]i\s illness t ye>47#aef7 ,9 ,belgium & _m p>ts ( ,france ! p suppose t a meteor is a s\l :i* has j quitt$ ! body1 sometimes t x is specially ! s\l ( an unbaptiz$ infant or ( "s "o :o has di$ )\t absolution4 ,at sight ( x !y say t y %\ld cross y\rself & pray1 or t if y wi% = some?+ :ile ! /> is fall+ y w be sure to get x47#aeg7 ,among ! ,vosges ,m\nta9s 9 ! w>m nights ( ,july x is n uncommon to see :ole %[]s ( %oot+ />s4 ,x is g5]ally agre$ t ^! />s are s\ls1 b "s diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s z to :e!r !y are s\ls j tak+ leave ( e>?1 or tortur$ by ! fires ( purgatory1 or on _! passage f purgatory to heav547#aeh7 ,! la/ & mo/ *e]+ ( ^! views is held by ! ,fr5* peasantry ( ,beauce & ,p]*e & by ! ,italian peasantry ( ! ,abruzzi1 & *>itable p pray = ! deliv]ance ( a s\l at ! sight ( a fall+ />47#aei7 ,! d[nw>d direction ( its flight might naturally sugge/ a diff]5t goal2 & accord+ly o!r p h se5 9 ! transi5t flame ( a meteor ! desc5t ( a s\l f heav5 to be born on e>?4 ,9 ! ,punjaub1 = example1 ,h9doos believe t ! l5g? ( a s\l's resid5ce 9 ! realms ( bliss is exactly proportion$ to ! sums :i* ! man di/ribut$ 9 *>ity dur+ 8 life2 & t :5 ^! are exhau/$ 8 "t 9 heav5 is up1 & d[n he comes47#afj7 ,9 ,polynesia a %oot+ /> 0 held to be ! flight ( a _s1 & to presage ! bir? ( a great pr9ce47#afa7 ,! ,m&ans ( nor? ,am]ica fanci$ t ! />s 7 dead p1 & t :5 a woman 0 br\ght to b$ a /> fell f heav51 & ent]+ into h] 0 born z a *ild47#afb7 ,on ! ,bilo* fronti] ( ! ,punjaub ea* man is held to h 8 />1 & he may n j\rney 9 p>ticul> directions :5 8 /> is 9 c]ta9 positions4 ,if duty compels him to travel 9 ! =bidd5 direction1 he takes c>e be=e sett+ out to bury 8 />1 or r a figure ( x cut out ( clo?1 s t x may n see :at he is do+47#afc7 7,m#di7 ,:i*1 if any1 ( ^! sup]/itions mov$ ! b>b>\s ,dorians ( old to depose _! k+s :5ev] at a c]ta9 season a meteor flam$ 9 ! sky1 we _c say4 ,p]haps !y _h a vague g5]al notion t its appe>ance signifi$ ! dissatisfaction ( ! high] p[]s ) ! /ate ( ! commonweal?2 & s9ce 9 primitive society ! k+ is commonly held responsible = all unt[>d ev5ts1 :atev] _! orig91 ! natural c\rse 0 to relieve him ( duties :i* he _h prov$ himself incapable ( dis*>g+4 ,b x may be t ! idea 9 ! m9ds ( ^! rude b>b>ians 0 m def9ite4 ,possibly1 l "s p 9 ,europe at ! pres5t day1 !y ?\ght t e man _h 8 /> 9 ! sky1 & t he mu/ die :5 x fell4 ,! k+ w\ld be no exception to ! rule1 & on a c]ta9 night ( a c]ta9 ye>1 at ! end ( a cycle1 x might be cu/om>y to wat* ! sky 9 ord] to m>k :e!r ! k+'s /> 0 /ill 9 ! asc5dant or ne> its sett+4 ,! appe>ance ( a meteor on su* a night--( a /> precipitat$ f ! cele/ial vault--might prove = ! k+ n m]ely a symbol b a s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,x might be ! w>rant = 8 execution4 7,m#ej7 ,if ! t5ure ( ! regal (fice 0 =m]ly limit$ among ! ,sp>tans to eight ye>s1 we may naturally ask1 :y 0 t precise p]iod select$ z ! measure ( a k+'s reign8 ,! reason is probably to be f\nd 9 ^? a/ronomical consid]ations :i* det]m9$ ! e>ly ,greek cal5d>4 ,! difficulty ( reconcil+ lun> ) sol> "t is "o ( ! /&+ puzzles :i* has tax$ ! +5uity ( m5 :o are em]g+ f b>b>ism4 ,n[ an oct5nial cycle is ! %orte/ p]iod at ! end ( :i* sun & moon really m>k "t toge!r aft] ov]lapp+1 s to say1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! int]val4 ,?us1 = example1 x is only once 9 e eight ye>s t ! full moon co9cides ) ! longe/ or %orte/ day2 & z ?is co9cid5ce c be obs]v$ ) ! aid ( a simple dial1 ! obs]vation is naturally "o ( ! fir/ to furni% a base = a cal5d> :i* %all br+ lun> & sol> times into tol]able1 ?\gh n exact1 h>mony47#afd7 ,b 9 e>ly days ! prop] adju/m5t ( ! cal5d> is a matt] ( religi\s conc]n1 s9ce on x dep5ds a k ( ! "r seasons = propitiat+ ! deities ^: fav\r is indisp5sable to ! welf>e ( ! community47#afe7 ,no wond]1 !re=e1 t ! k+1 z ! *ief prie/ ( ! /ate1 or z himself a god1 %\ld be liable to deposition or dea? at ! end ( an a/ronomical p]iod4 ,:5 ! great lum9>ies _h run _! c\rse on high1 & 7 ab\t to r5ew ! heav5ly race1 x might well be ?\ght t ! k+ %\ld r5ew 8 div9e en]gies1 or prove !m unabat$1 "u pa9 ( mak+ room = a m vigor\s successor4 ,9 s\!rn ,india1 z we h se51 ! k+'s reign & life t]m9at$ ) ! revolution ( ! planet ,jupit] r\nd ! sun4 ,9 ,greece1 on ! o!r h&1 ! k+'s fate seems to h hung 9 ! balance at ! end ( e eight ye>s1 ready to fly up & kick ! beam z soon z ! opposite scale 0 load$ ) a fall+ />4 7,m#ea7 ,! same tra9 ( ?\ght may expla9 an anci5t ,greek cu/om :i* appe>s to h requir$ t a homicide %\ld be bani%$ 8 c\ntry1 & d p5ance = a p]iod ( eight or n9e ye>s47#aff7 ,) ! beg9n+ ( a new cycle or great ye>1 z x 0 call$1 x might be ?\ght t all nature 0 reg5]ate1 all old scores wip$ out4 ,accord+ to ,p9d>1 ! dead ^: guilt _h be5 purg$ away by an abode ( eight ye>s 9 ! ne!r _w 7 born aga9 on e>? 9 ! n9? ye> z glori\s k+s1 a?letes1 & sages47#afg7 ,! doctr9e may well be an old popul> belief r ?an a m]e poetical fancy4 ,if s1 x w\ld supply a fre% reason = ! bani%m5t ( a homicide dur+ ! ye>s t ! angry gho/ ( 8 victim might at any mom5t issue f its prison-h\se & p\nce on him4 ,once ! p]turb$ _s _h be5 happily reborn1 he might be suppos$ to =give1 if n to =get1 ! man :o _h done him an injury 9 a =m] life4 7,m#eb7 ,:atev] its orig9 may h be51 ! cycle ( eight ye>s appe>s to h co9cid$ ) ! normal l5g? ( ! k+'s reign 9 o!r p>ts ( ,greece besides ,sp>ta4 ,?us ,m9os1 k+ ( ,cnossus 9 ,crete1 ^: great palace has be5 une>!d 9 rec5t ye>s1 is said to h held (fice = p]iods ( eight ye>s toge!r4 ,at ! end ( ea* p]iod he retir$ = a season to ! oracul> cave on ,m\nt ,ida1 & !re commun$ ) 8 div9e fa!r ,zeus1 giv+ him an acc\nt ( 8 k+%ip 9 ! ye>s t 7 pa/1 & receiv+ f him in/ructions = 8 guidance 9 ^? :i* 7 to come47#afh7 ,! tradition pla9ly implies t at ! end ( e eight ye>s ! k+'s sacr$ p[]s ne$$ to be r5ew$ by int]c\rse ) ! godhead1 & t )\t su* a r5ewal he w\ld h =feit$ 8 "r to ! ?rone4 ,we may surmise t among ! solemn c]emonies :i* m>k$ ! beg9n+ or ! end ( ! eight ye>s' cycle ! sacr$ m>riage ( ! k+ ) ! que5 play$ an important "p1 & t 9 ?is m>riage we h ! true explanation ( ! /range leg5d ( ,pasiphae & ! bull4 ,x 0 said t ,pasiphae1 ! wife ( ,k+ ,m9os1 fell 9 love ) a wondr\s :ite bull :i* rose f ! sea1 & t 9 ord] to gratify h] unnatural passion ! arti/ ,da$alus con/ruct$ a holl[ wood5 c[1 cov]$ ) a c['s hide1 9 :i* ! love-sick que5 0 hidd5 :ile ! bull m\nt$ x4 ,! result ( _! union 0 ! ,m9otaur1 a mon/] ) ! body ( a man & ! head ( a bull1 :om ! k+ %ut up 9 ! labyr9?1 a build+ full ( su* w9d+ & intricate passages t ! prison] might roam 9 x = ev] )\t f9d+ ! way out47#afi7 ,! leg5d appe>s to reflect a my?ical m>riage ( ! sun & moon1 :i* 0 act$ z a solemn rite by ! k+ & que5 ( ,cnossus1 we>+ ! masks ( a bull & c[ respectively47#agj7 ,to a pa/oral p a bull is ! mo/ natural type ( vigor\s reproductive en]gy17#aga7 & z su* is a fitt+ emblem ( ! sun4 ,isl&]s :o1 l _m ( ! ,cretans1 see ! sun daily ris+ f ! sea1 might readily comp>e him to a :ite bull issu+ f ! waves4 ,inde$1 we are expressly told t ! ,cretans call$ ! sun a bull47#agb7 ,simil>ly 9 anci5t ,egypt ! sacr$ bull ,mnevis ( ,heliopolis 7! ,city ( ! ,sun7 0 deem$ an inc>nation ( ! ,sun-god17#agc7 & = ?\s&s ( ye>s ! k+s ( ,egypt delight$ to be /yl$ 8mighty bull02 _m ( !m inscrib$ ! title on _! s]ekh or cognisance1 :i* set =? _! names 9 _! "* ( desc5dants ( ,horus47#agd7 ,! id5tification ( ,pasiphae1 8%e :o %9es on all10 ) ! moon 0 made long ago by ,pausanias1 :o saw h] image along ) t ( ! sun 9 a sanctu>y on t wild rocky coa/ ( ,mess5ia :]e ! great range ( ,taygetus desc5ds seaw>d 9 a long l9e ( nak$ crags47#age7 ,! horns ( ! wax+ or wan+ moon naturally sugge/ ! resemblance ( ! lum9>y to a :ite c[2 h5ce ! anci5ts repres5t$ ! goddess ( ! moon drawn by a team ( :ite cattle47#agf7 ,:5 we rememb] t at ! c\rt ( ,egypt ! k+ & que5 figur$ z god & goddess 9 solemn masqu]ades1 :]e ! p>ts ( animal-head$ deities 7 play$ by mask$ m5 & wom517#agg7 we ne$ h no difficulty 9 imag9+ t simil> dramas may h be5 p]=m$ at ! c\rt ( a ,cretan k+1 :e!r we suppose !m to h be5 import$ f ,egypt or to h _h an indep5d5t orig94 7,m#ec7 ,! /ories ( ,zeus & ,europa1 & ( ,m9os & ,britom>tis or ,dictynna appe> to be only diff]5t expressions ( ! same my?1 diff]5t e*oes ( ! same cu/om4 ,! moon ris+ f ! sea 0 ! fair maid5 ,europa com+ across ! heav+ bill[s f ! f> ea/]n l& ( ,pho5icia1 borne or pursu$ by h] suitor ! sol> bull4 ,! moon sett+ 9 ! we/]n waves 0 ! coy ,britom>tis or ,dictynna1 :o plung$ into ! sea to escape ! w>m embrace ( h] lov] ,m9os1 himself ! sun4 ,! /ory h[ ! dr[n+ maid5 0 drawn up 9 a fi%]man's net may well be1 z "s h ?\ght1 ! explanation giv5 by a simple seaf>+ folk ( ! moon's reappe>ance f ! sea 9 ! ea/ aft] %e _h sunk into x 9 ! we/47#agh7 ,to ! my?ical fancy ( ! anci5ts ! moon 0 a coy or a wanton maid51 :o ei!r fl$ f or pursu$ ! sun e mon? till ! fugitive 0 ov]tak5 & ! lov]s enjoy$ ea* o!r's company at ! "t :5 ! lum9>ies are 9 conjunction1 namely1 9 ! int]val betwe5 ! old & ! new moon4 ,h5ce on ! pr9ciples ( sympa!tic magic t int]val 0 consid]$ ! "t mo/ fav\rable = human m>riages4 ,:5 ! sun & moon are w$d$ 9 ! sky1 m5 & wom5 %\ld be w$d$ on e>?4 ,& = ! same reason ! anci5ts *ose ! int]lun> day = ! celebration ( ! ,sacr$ ,m>riages ( gods & goddesses4 ,simil> beliefs & cu/oms bas$ on !m h be5 not$ among o!r peoples47#agi7 ,x is likely1 !re=e1 t a k+ & que5 :o repres5t$ ! sun & moon may h be5 expect$ to ex]cise _! conjugal rights above all at ! "t :5 ! moon 0 ?\ght to re/ 9 ! arms ( ! sun4 ,h[ev] t may h be51 x w\ld be natural t _! union %\ld be consummat$ ) unusual solemnity e eight ye>s1 :5 ! two great lum9>ies1 s to say1 meet & m>k "t toge!r once m aft] div]g+ f ea* o!r m or less ?r\gh\t ! int]val4 ,x is true t sun & moon are 9 conjunction once e mon?1 b e mon? _! conjunction takes place at a diff]5t po9t 9 ! sky1 until eight revolv+ ye>s h br\ght !m toge!r aga9 9 ! same heav5ly bridal *amb] :]e fir/ !y met4 7,m#ed7 ,)\t be+ unduly ra% we may surmise t ! tribute ( sev5 y\?s & sev5 maid5s :om ! ,a!nians 7 b\nd to s5d to ,m9os e eight ye>s _h "s connexion ) ! r5ewal ( ! k+'s p[] = ano!r oct5nial cycle4 ,traditions v>i$ z to ! fate :i* await$ ! lads & damsels on _! arrival 9 ,crete2 b ! common view appe>s to h be5 t !y 7 %ut up 9 ! labyr9?1 !re to be dev\r$ by ! ,m9otaur1 or at lea/ to be imprison$ = life47#ahj7 ,p]haps !y 7 sacrific$ by be+ roa/$ alive 9 a bronze image ( a bull1 or ( a bull-head$ man1 9 ord] to r5ew ! /r5g? ( ! k+ & ( ! sun1 :om he p]sonat$4 ,?is at all ev5ts is sugge/$ by ! leg5d ( ,talos1 a bronze man :o clut*$ p to 8 brea/ & leap$ ) !m into ! fire1 s t !y 7 roa/$ alive4 ,he is said to h be5 giv5 by ,zeus to ,europa1 or by ,hephae/us to ,m9os1 to gu>d ! isl& ( ,crete1 :i* he patroll$ ?rice daily47#aha7 ,accord+ to "o acc\nt he 0 a bull17#ahb7 accord+ to ano!r he 0 ! sun47#ahc7 ,probably he 0 id5tical ) ! ,m9otaur1 & /ripp$ ( 8 my?ical features 0 no?+ b a bronze image ( ! sun repres5t$ z a man ) a bull's head4 ,9 ord] to r5ew ! sol> fires1 human victims may h be5 sacrific$ to ! idol by be+ roa/$ 9 its holl[ body or plac$ on its slop+ h&s & all[$ to roll into a pit ( fire4 ,x 0 9 ! latt] fa%ion t ! ,c>?ag9ians sacrific$ _! (fspr+ to ,molo*4 ,! *ildr5 7 laid on ! h&s ( a calf-head$ image ( bronze1 f :i* !y slid into a fi]y ov51 :ile ! p danc$ to ! music ( flutes & timbrels to dr[n ! %rieks ( ! burn+ victims47#ahd7 ,! resemblance :i* ! ,cretan traditions be> to ! ,c>?ag9ian practice sugge/s t ! wor%ip associat$ ) ! names ( ,m9os & ! ,m9otaur may h be5 p[]fully influ5c$ by t ( a ,semitic ,baal47#ahe7 ,9 ! tradition ( ,phal>is1 tyrant ( ,agrig5tum1 & 8 braz5 bull7#ahf7 we may h an e*o ( simil> rites 9 ,sicily1 :]e ! ,c>?ag9ian p[] /ruck deep roots4 7,m#ee7 ,b p]haps ! y\?s & maid5s :o 7 s5t across ! sea to ,cnossus _h to p]=m c]ta9 religi\s duties be=e !y 7 ca/ into ! fi]y furnace4 ,! same cunn+ arti/ ,da$alus :o plann$ ! labyr9? & contriv$ ! wood5 c[ = ,pasiphae 0 said to h made a dance = ,ariadne1 daught] ( ,m9os4 ,x repres5t$ y\?s & maid5s danc+ 9 ranks1 ! y\?s arm$ ) gold5 swords1 ! maid5s cr[n$ ) g>l&s47#ahg7 ,moreov]1 :5 ,!seus l&$ ) ,ariadne 9 ,delos on 8 return f ,crete1 he & ! "y companions :om he _h rescu$ f ! ,m9otaur are said to h danc$ a mazy dance 9 imitation ( ! intricate w9d+s ( ! labyr9?2 on acc\nt ( its s9u\s turns ! dance 0 call$ 8! ,crane407#ahh7 ,tak5 toge!r1 ^! two traditions sugge/ t ! y\?s & maid5s :o 7 s5t to ,cnossus _h to dance 9 ! labyr9? be=e !y 7 sacrific$ to ! bull-head$ image4 ,at all ev5ts !re are good gr\nds = ?9k+ t !re 0 a fam\s dance :i* ! anci5ts regul>ly associat$ ) ! ,cretan labyr9?4 7,m#ef7 ,among ! ,romans t dance appe>s to h be5 kn[n f ! e>lie/ times by ! "n ( ,troy or ! ,game ( ,troy4 ,tradition ran t x 0 import$ into ,italy by ,a5eas1 :o transmitt$ x ?r\gh 8 son ,ascanius to ! ,alban k+s1 :o 9 _! turn h&$ x d[n to ! ,romans4 ,x 0 p]=m$ by b&s ( arm$ y\?s on horseback4 ,virgil comp>es _! complicat$ evolutions to ! w9d+s ( ! ,cretan labyr9?27#ahi7 & t ! comp>ison is m ?an a m]e poetical fl\ri% appe>s f a draw+ on a v anci5t ,etruscan vase f\nd at ,tragliatella4 ,! draw+ repres5ts a procession ( sev5 be>dless w>riors danc+1 accompani$ by two arm$ rid]s on horseback1 :o are also be>dless4 ,an inscription proves t ! sc5e depict$ is ! ,game ( ,troy2 & atta*$ to ! procession is a figure ( ! ,cretan labyr9?17#aij7 ! patt]n ( :i* is well kn[n f co9s ( ,cnossus on :i* x is (t5 repres5t$47#aia7 ,! same patt]n1 id5tifi$ by an inscription1 8,labyr9?us1 hic habitat ,m9otaurus10 is scrat*$ on a wall at ,pompeii2 & x is also work$ 9 mosaic on ! floor ( ,roman ap>tm5ts1 ) ! figures ( ,!seus & ! ,m9otaur 9 ! middle47#aib7 ,roman boys appe> to h drawn ! v same patt]n on ! gr\nd & to h play$ a game on x1 probably a m9iature ,game ( ,troy47#aic7 ,labyr9?s ( simil> type occur z decorations on ! floors ( old *ur*es1 :]e !y are kn[n z 8! ,road ( ,j]usalem02 !y 7 us$ = processions4 ,! g>d5 mazes ( ! ,r5aissance 7 modell$ on !m4 ,moreov]1 !y are f\nd v commonly 9 ! nor? ( ,europe1 m>k$ out ei!r by rais$ b&s ( turf or by r[s ( /ones4 ,su* labyr9?s may be se5 9 ,norway1 ,sw$51 ,d5m>k1 ,f9nl&1 ! s\? coa/ ( ,russian ,lappl&1 & ev5 9 ,icel&4 ,!y g by v>i\s names1 su* z ,babylon1 ,wiel&'s ,h\se1 ,trojeborg1 ,trburg1 & s =?1 "s ( :i* cle>ly indicate _! connexion ) ! anci5t ,game ( ,troy4 ,!y are us$ = *ildr5's games47#aid7 7,m#eg7 ,a dance or game :i* has ?us spread ov] ,europe & surviv$ 9 a fa%ion to mod]n times mu/ h be5 v popul>1 & be>+ 9 m9d h[ (t5 ) ! decay ( old fai?s ! s]i\s rites & pageants ( gr[n p h deg5]at$ into ! sports ( *ildr51 we may reasonably ask :e!r ,ariadne's ,dance or ! ,game ( ,troy may n h _h its orig9 9 religi\s ritual4 ,! anci5ts connect$ x ) ,cnossus & ! ,m9otaur4 ,n[ we h se5 reason to hold1 ) _m o!r s*ol>s1 t ,cnossus 0 ! seat ( a great wor%ip ( ! sun1 & t ! ,m9otaur 0 a repres5tative or embodim5t ( ! sun-god4 ,may n1 !n1 ,ariadne's dance h be5 an imitation ( ! sun's c\rse 9 ! sky8 & may n its int5tion h be51 by means ( sympa!tic magic1 to aid ! great lum9>y to run 8 race on high8 ,we h se5 t dur+ an eclipse ( ! sun ! ,*ilcot9 ,indians walk 9 a circle1 lean+ on /aves1 app>5tly to assi/ ! lab\r+ orb4 ,9 ,egypt also ! k+1 :o embodi$ ! sun-god1 seems to h solemnly walk$ r\nd ! walls ( a temple = ! sake ( help+ ! sun on 8 way47#aie7 ,if !re is any tru? 9 ?is conjecture1 x w\ld seem to foll[ t ! s9u\s l9es ( ! labyr9? :i* ! danc]s foll[$ 9 _! evolutions may h repres5t$ ! ecliptic1 ! sun's app>5t annual pa? 9 ! sky4 ,x is "s confirmation ( ?is view t on co9s ( ,cnossus ! sun or a /> appe>s 9 ! middle ( ! labyr9?1 ! place :i* on o!r co9s is occupi$ by ! ,m9otaur47#aif7 7,m#eh7 ,on ! :ole ! =ego+ evid5ce1 slight & fragm5t>y z x is1 po9ts to ! conclusion t at ,cnossus ! k+ repres5t$ ! sun-god1 & t e eight ye>s 8 div9e p[]s 7 r5ew$ at a great fe/ival1 :i* compris$1 fir/1 ! sacrifice ( human victims by fire to a bull-head$ image ( ! sun1 &1 second1 ! m>riage ( ! k+ disguis$ z a bull to ! que5 disguis$ z a c[1 ! two p]sonat+ respectively ! sun & ! moon4 7,m#ei7 ,:atev] may be ?\ght ( ^! speculations1 we "k t _m solemn rites 7 celebrat$ by ! anci5t ,greeks at int]vals ( eight ye>s47#aig7 ,among/ !m1 two des]ve to be notic$ "h1 because x has be5 rec5tly sugge/$1 ) "s appe>ance ( probability1 t !y 7 bas$ on an oct5nial t5ure ( ! k+%ip47#aih7 ,"o 0 ! ,fe/ival ( ! ,cr[n+ at ,delphi2 ! o!r 0 ! ,fe/ival ( ! ,laurel-be>+ at ,!bes4 ,9 _! g5]al features ! two fe/ivals seem to h resembl$ ea* o!r v closely4 ,bo? repres5t$ dramatically ! slay+ ( a great wat]-dragon by a god or h]o2 9 bo?1 ! lad :o play$ ! "p ( ! victori\s god or h]o cr[n$ 8 br[s ) a wrea? ( sacr$ laurel & _h to submit to a p5ance & purification = ! slaught] ( ! bea/4 ,at ,delphi ! leg5d>y slay] ( ! dragon 0 ,apollo2 at ,!bes he 0 ,cadmus47#aii7 ,at bo? places ! leg5d>y p5ance = ! slaught] seems to h be5 s]vitude = eight ye>s47#bjj7 ,! evid5ce = ! rites ( ! ,delphic fe/ival is fairly complete1 b = ! ,!ban fe/ival x has to be ek$ out by vase-pa9t+s1 :i* repres5t ,cadmus cr[n$ ) laurel prep>+ to attack ! dragon or actually 9 combat ) ! mon/]1 :ile goddesses b5d ov] ! *ampion1 hold+ out wrea?s ( laurel to him z ! m$e ( victory47#bja7 ,x is true t 9 hi/orical times ,apollo appe>s to h ou/$ ,cadmus f ! fe/ival1 ?\gh n f ! my?4 ,b at ,!bes ! god 0 pla9ly a late intrud]1 = 8 temple lay outside ! walls1 :]eas ! mo/ anci5t sanctu>ies /ood 9 ! olde/ "p ( ! city1 ! l[ hill :i* took its "n ( ,cadmea f ! g5u9e ,!ban h]o ,cadmus47#bjb7 ,x is n impossible t at ,delphi also1 & p]haps at o!r places :]e ! same drama 0 act$17#bjc7 ,apollo may h displac$ an old local h]o 9 ! hon\rable (fice ( dragon-slay]4 7,m#fj7 ,bo? at ,!bes & at ,delphi ! dragon gu>d$ a spr+17#bjd7 ! wat] ( :i* 0 probably deem$ oracul>4 ,at ,delphi ! sacr$ spr+ may h be5 ei!r ,cassotis or ! m fam$ ,ca/aly1 :i* issues f a n>r[ gorge1 %ut 9 by rocky walls ( trem5d\s height1 a little to ! ea/ ( ,apollo's temple4 ,! wat]s ( bo? 7 ?\ght to be end[$ ) prophetic p[]47#bje7 ,probably1 too1 ! mon/] 0 suppos$ to keep wat* & w>d ov] ! sacr$ laurel1 f :i* ! victor 9 ! combat wrea!d 8 br[s2 = 9 vase-pa9t+s ! ,!ban dragon appe>s coil$ beside ! holy tree17#bjf7 & ,euripides describes ! ,delphic dragon z cov]$ by a leafy laurel47#bjg7 ,at all oracul> seats ( ,apollo 8 prie/ess drank ( ! sacr$ spr+ & *ew$ ! sacr$ laurel be=e %e prophesi$47#bjh7 ,?us x w\ld seem t ! dragon1 :i* at ,delphi is expressly said to h be5 ! gu>dian ( ! oracle17#bji7 _h 9 its cu/ody bo? ! in/rum5ts ( div9ation1 ! holy tree & ! holy wat]4 ,we are rem9d$ ( ! dragon or s]p5t1 sla9 by ,h]cules1 :i* gu>d$ ! gold5 apples ( ! ,hesp]ides 9 ! happy g>d547#baj7 ,b at ,delphi ! olde/ sacr$ tree appe>s1 z ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook has po9t$ out17#baa7 to h be5 n a laurel b an oak4 ,= we are told t orig9ally ! victors 9 ! ,py?ian games at ,delphi wore cr[ns ( oak leaves1 s9ce ! laurel _h n yet be5 creat$47#bab7 ,n[1 l ! ,fe/ival ( ,cr[n+1 ! ,py?ian games 7 in/itut$ to commemorate ! slaught] ( ! dragon27#bac7 l x !y 7 orig9ally held e eigh? ye>27#bad7 ! two fe/ivals 7 celebrat$ ne>ly at ! same "t ( ! ye>27#bae7 & ! repres5tative ( ,apollo 9 ! "o & ! victors 9 ! o!r 7 adorn$ ) cr[ns made f ! same sacr$ laurel47#baf7 ,9 %ort1 ! two fe/ivals appe> to h be5 9 orig9 sub/antially id5tical2 ! di/9ction betwe5 !m may h aris5 :5 ! ,delphians decid$ to hold ! ,py?ian games e f\r?1 in/ead ( e eigh? ye>47#bag7 ,we may fairly suppose1 !re=e1 t ! leaf-cr[n$ victors 9 ! ,py?ian games1 l ! laurel-wrea!d boy 9 ! ,fe/ival ( ,cr[n+1 =m]ly act$ ! "p ( ! god himself4 ,b if 9 ! beg9n+ ^! actors 9 ! sacr$ drama wore wrea?s ( oak in/ead ( laurel1 x seems to foll[ t ! deity :om !y p]sonat$ 0 ! oak-god ,zeus r ?an ! laurel-god ,apollo2 f :i* aga9 we may inf] t ,delphi 0 a sanctu>y ( ,zeus & ! oak be=e x became ! %r9e ( ,apollo & ! laurel47#bah7 7,m#fa7 ,b :y %\ld ! cr[n ( oak h ceas$ to be ! badge ( victory8 & :y %\ld a wrea? ( laurel h tak5 its place8 ,! ab&onm5t ( ! oak cr[n may h be5 a consequ5ce ( ! disappe>ance ( ! oak itself f ! neighb\rhood ( ,delphi2 9 ,greece1 z 9 ,italy1 ! decidu\s trees h = c5turies be5 retreat+ up ! m\nta9 sides be=e ! advance ( ! ev]gre5s47#bai7 ,:5 ! la/ v5]able oak1 ! ru/l+ ( ^: leaves 9 ! breeze _h long be5 li/5$ to z oracul>1 f9ally succumb$ ?r\gh age1 or 0 laid l[ by a /orm1 ! prie/s may h ca/ ab\t = a tree ( ano!r sort to take its place4 ,yet !y s\ght x nei!r 9 ! l[] woods ( ! valley nor 9 ! d>k =e/s :i* clo! ! upp] slopes ( ,p>nassus above ! fr[n+ cliffs ( ,delphi4 ,leg5d ran t aft] ! slaught] ( ! dragon1 ,apollo _h purg$ himself f ! /a9 ( blood 9 ! romantic ,vale ( ,tempe1 :]e ! ,p5eus fl[s smoo?ly 9 a n>r[ defile betwe5 ! l(ty wood$ /eeps ( ,olympus & ,ossa4 ,"h ! god cr[n$ himself ) a laurel wrea?1 & ?i!r accord+ly at ! ,fe/ival ( ,cr[n+ 8 human repres5tative w5t to pluck ! laurel = 8 br[s47#bbj7 ,! cu/om1 ?\gh d\btless anci5t1 c h>dly h be5 orig9al4 ,we mu/ suppose t 9 ! beg9n+ ! dragon-gu>d$ tree1 :e!r an oak or a laurel1 grew at ,delphi itself4 ,b :y %\ld ! laurel be *os5 z a sub/itute = ! oak8 ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook has sugge/$ a plausible answ]4 ,! laurel leaf resembles s closely ! leaf ( ! ilex or holm-oak 9 bo? %ape & col\r t an untra9$ obs]v] may easily confuse ! two4 ,! upp] surface ( bo? is a d>k glossy gre51 ! l[] surface %ews a light] t9t4 ,no?+1 !re=e1 c\ld be m natural ?an to make ! new wrea? out ( leaves :i* look$ s l ! old oak leaves t ! sub/itution might almo/ pass undetect$47#bba7 ,:e!r at ,!bes1 z at ,delphi1 ! laurel _h ou/$ ! oak f ! place ( hon\r at ! fe/ival ( ! ,slay+ ( ! ,dragon1 we _c say4 ,! oak has long disappe>$ f ! l[ hills & flat gr\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,!bes1 b z late z ! second c5tury ( our era !re 0 a =e/ ( anci5t oaks n _m miles (f at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,ci?a]on47#bbb7 7,m#fb7 ,x has be5 conjectur$ t 9 anci5t days ! p]sons :o wore ! wrea? ( laurel or oak at ! oct5nial fe/ivals ( ,delphi & ,!bes 7 no o!r ?an ! prie/ly k+s1 :o p]sonat$ ! god1 slew _! pr$ecessors 9 ! guise ( dragons1 & reign$ = a "t 9 _! /ead47#bbc7 ,! !ory c]ta9ly _c be demon/rat$1 b !re is a good deal ( analogy 9 its fav\r4 ,an eight ye>s' t5ure ( ! k+%ip at ,delphi & ,!bes w\ld accord ) ! simil> t5ure ( ! (fice at ,sp>ta & ,cnossus4 ,& if ! k+s ( ,cnossus disguis$ !mselves z bulls1 !re seems no reason :y ! k+s ( ,delphi & ,!bes %\ld n h p]sonat$ dragons or s]p5ts4 ,9 all ^! cases ! animal ^: guise ! k+ assum$ w\ld be sacr$ to ! royal family4 ,at fir/ ! relation ( ! bea/ to ! man w\ld be direct & simple2 ! creature w\ld be rev]$ = "s su* reason z t = :i* a savage respects a c]ta9 species ( animals1 = example1 because he believes t 8 ance/ors 7 bea/s ( ! same sort1 or t ! s\ls ( 8 dead are lodg$ 9 !m4 ,9 lat] times ! sanctity ( ! species w\ld be expla9$ by say+ t a god _h at "s "t1 & = "s reason or o!r1 assum$ ! =m ( ! animal4 ,x is probably n )\t significance t 9 ,greek my?ology ! gods 9 g5]al1 & ,zeus 9 p>ticul>1 are commonly said to h submitt$ to ?is *ange ( %ape = ! purpose ( prosecut+ a love adv5ture4 ,su* /ories may well reflect a cu/om ( a ,sacr$ ,m>riage at :i* ! actors play$ ! p>ts ( ! wor%ipful animals4 ,) ! gr[? ( culture ^! local wor%ips1 ! relics ( a b>b>\s age1 w\ld be expla9$ away by tales ( ! loves ( ! gods1 &1 gradually fall+ out ( practice1 w\ld survive only z my?s4 7,m#fc7 ,x is said t at ! fe/ival ( ! ,wolf-god ,zeus1 held e n9e ye>s on ! ,wolf-m\nta9 9 ,arcadia1 a man ta/$ ( ! b[el ( a human victim mix$ ) ! b[els ( animals1 & hav+ ta/$ x he 0 turn$ into a wolf1 & rema9$ a wolf = n9e ye>s1 :5 he *ang$ back aga9 into a man if 9 ! int]val he _h ab/a9$ f eat+ human fle%47#bbd7 ,! tradition po9ts to ! exi/5ce ( a society ( cannibal wolf-wor%ipp]s1 "o or m ( :om p]sonat$1 & 7 suppos$ to embody1 ! sacr$ animal = p]iods ( n9e ye>s toge!r4 ,_! !ory & practice w\ld seem to h agre$ ) ^? ( ! ,human ,leop>d ,societies ( we/]n ,africa1 ^: memb]s disguise !mselves 9 ! sk9s ( leop>ds ) %>p claws ( /eel4 ,9 t guise !y attack & kill m5 9 ord] to eat _! fle% or to extract p[]ful *>ms f _! bodies47#bbe7 ,_! mode ( ga9+ recruits is l t ( ! ,greek ,wolf ,society4 ,:5 a visitor came to a village inhabit$ by a ,leop>d ,society1 8he 0 invit$ to p>take ( food1 9 :i* 0 mix$ a small quantity ( human fle%4 ,! gue/ all unsuspect+ly p>took ( ! repa/1 & 0 aft]w>ds told t human fle% =m$ "o ( ! +r$i5ts ( ! meal1 & t x 0 !n necess>y t he %\ld jo9 ! society1 :i* 0 inv>iably done407#bbf7 ,z ! anci5t ,greeks ?\ght t a man might be turn$ into a wolf1 s ^! negroes believe t he c be *ang$ into a leop>d2 &1 l ! ,greeks1 "s ( !m fancy t if ! trans=m$ man ab/a9s dur+ 8 trans=mation f prey+ on 8 fell[s he c rega9 8 human %ape1 b t if he once laps human blood he mu/ rema9 a leop>d = ev]47#bbg7 7,m#fd7 ,! hypo!sis t ! anci5t k+s ( ,!bes & ,delphi _h = _! sacr$ animal ! s]p5t or dragon1 & claim$ k9%ip ) ! creature1 d]ives "s c\nt5ance f ! tradition t at ! end ( _! lives ,cadmus & 8 wife ,h>monia quitt$ ,!bes & w5t to reign ov] a tribe ( ,en*eleans or ,eel-m5 9 ,illyria1 :]e !y 7 bo? f9ally trans=m$ into dragons or s]p5ts47#bbh7 ,to ! primitive m9d an eel is a wat]-s]p5t27#bbi7 x c h>dly1 !re=e1 be an accid5t t ! s]p5t-kill] aft]w>ds reign$ ov] a tribe ( eel-m5 & himself became a s]p5t at la/4 ,moreov]1 accord+ to "o acc\nt1 8 wife ,h>monia 0 a daught] ( ! v dragon :i* he slew47#bcj7 ,! tradition w\ld fit 9 well ) ! hypo!sis t ! dragon or s]p5t 0 ! sacr$ animal ( ! old royal h\se ( ,!bes1 & t ! k+dom fell to him :o slew 8 pr$ecessor & m>ri$ 8 daught]4 ,we h se5 reason to ?9k t su* a mode ( succession to ! ?rone 0 common 9 antiquity47#bca7 ,! /ory ( ! f9al trans=mation ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia into snakes may be a relic ( a belief t ! s\ls ( ! dead k+s & que5s ( ,!bes transmigrat$ into ! bodies ( s]p5ts1 j z ,caffre k+s turn at dea? into boa-con/rictors or deadly black snakes47#bcb7 ,inde$ ! notion t ! s\ls ( ! dead lodge 9 s]p5ts is widely spread 9 ,africa & ,madagasc>47#bcc7 ,o!r ,african tribes believe t _! dead k+s & *iefs turn into lions1 leop>ds1 hya5as1 py?ons1 hippopotamuses1 or o!r creatures1 & ! animals are respect$ & sp>$ accord+ly47#bcd7 ,9 l mann] ! ,semang & o!r wild tribes ( ! ,malay ,p59sula imag9e t ! s\ls ( _! *iefs1 prie/s1 & magicians transmigrate at dea? into ! bodies ( c]ta9 wild bea/s1 su* z elephants1 tig]s1 & rh9oc]oses1 & t 9 _! be/ial =m ! dead m5 ext5d a b5ign protection to _! liv+ human k9sfolk47#bce7 ,ev5 dur+ _! lifetime k+s 9 rude society sometimes claim k9%ip ) ! mo/ =midable bea/s ( ! c\ntry4 ,?us ! royal family ( ,dahomey specially wor%ips ! leop>d2 "s ( ! k+'s wives are di/+ui%$ by ! title ( ,leop>d ,wives1 & on /ate occasions !y we> /rip$ clo?s to resemble ! animal47#bcf7 ,"o k+ ( ,dahomey1 on :om ! ,fr5* made w>1 bore ! "n ( ,%>k2 h5ce 9 art he 0 repres5t$ sometimes ) a %>k's body & a human head1 sometimes ) a human body & ! head ( a %>k47#bcg7 ,! ,trocad]o ,museum at ,p>is conta9s ! wood5 images ( ?ree k+s ( ,dahomey :o reign$ dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & :o are all repres5t$ p>tly 9 human & p>tly 9 animal =m4 ,"o ( !m1 ,guezo1 bore ! surname ( ! ,cock1 & 8 image repres5ts him z a man cov]$ ) fea!rs4 ,8 son ,guelel1 :o succe$$ him on ! ?rone1 0 surnam$ ! ,lion1 & 8 effigy is t ( a lion rampant ) tail rais$ & hair on 8 body1 b ) human feet & h&s4 ,guelel 0 succe$$ on ! ?rone by 8 son ,behanz91 :o 0 surnam$ ! ,%>k1 & 8 effigy portrays him /&+ upright ) ! head & body ( a fi%1 ! f9s & scales be+ c>efully repres5t$1 :ile 8 arms & legs are ^? ( a man47#bch7 ,aga91 a k+ ( ,b59 0 call$ ,pan!r1 & a bronze /atue ( him1 n[ 9 ! ,an?ropological ,museum at ,b]l91 repres5ts him ) a pan!r's :isk]s47#bci7 ,su* portraits furni% an exact p>allel to :at ,i conceive to be ! true /ory ( ! ,m9otaur4 ,on ! ,gold ,coa/ ( ,africa a p[]ful rul] is commonly address$ z 8,o ,elephant60 or 8,o ,lion60 & "o ( ! titles ( ! k+ ( ,a%antee1 m5tion$ at great c]emonies1 is borri1 ! "n ( a v5om\s snake47#bdj7 ,x has be5 argu$ t ,k+ ,david belong$ to a s]p5t family1 & t ! braz5 s]p5t1 :i* d[n to ! "t ( ,hezekiah 0 wor%ipp$ ) fumes ( burn+ inc5se17#bda7 repres5t$ ! old sacr$ animal ( 8 h\se47#bdb7 ,9 ,europe ! bull1 ! s]p5t1 & ! wolf w\ld naturally be on ! li/ ( royal bea/s4 7,m#fe7 ,if ! k+'s s\l 0 believ$ to pass at dea? into ! sacr$ animal1 a cu/om might arise ( keep+ live creatures ( ! species 9 captivity & rev]+ !m z ! s\ls ( dead rul]s4 ,?is w\ld expla9 ! ,a!nian practice ( keep+ a sacr$ s]p5t on ! ,acropolis & fe$+ x ) honey cakes2 = ! s]p5t 0 id5tifi$ ) ,eri*?onius or ,ere*!us1 "o ( ! anci5t k+s ( ,a!ns1 ( ^: palace "s ve/iges h be5 discov]$ 9 rec5t times4 ,! creature 0 suppos$ to gu>d ! citadel4 ,dur+ ! ,p]sian invasion a report t ! s]p5t _h left its honey-cake unta/$ 0 "o ( ! /ronge/ reasons :i* induc$ ! p to ab&on ,a!ns to ! enemy2 !y ?\ght t ! holy reptile _h =sak5 ! city47#bdc7 ,aga91 ,cecrops1 ! fir/ k+ ( ,a!ns1 is said to h be5 half-s]p5t & half-man27#bdd7 9 art he is repres5t$ z a man f ! wai/ upw>ds1 :ile ! l[] "p ( 8 body consi/s ( ! coils ( a s]p5t47#bde7 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t l ,ere*!us he 0 id5tical ) ! s]p5t on ! ,acropolis47#bdf7 ,once m1 we are told t ,cy*reus ga9$ ! k+dom ( ,salamis by slay+ a snake :i* ravag$ ! isl&17#bdg7 b t aft] 8 dea? he1 l ,cadmus1 appe>$ 9 ! =m ( ! reptile47#bdh7 ,"s said t he 0 a man :o receiv$ ! "n ( ,snake on acc\nt ( 8 cruelty47#bdi7 ,su* tales may pres]ve rem9isc5ces ( k+s :o assum$ ! /yle ( s]p5ts 9 _! lifetime & 7 believ$ to transmigrate into s]p5ts aft] dea?4 ,l ! dragons ( ,!bes & ,delphi1 ! ,a!nian s]p5t appe>s to h be5 conceiv$ z a creature ( ! wat]s2 = ! s]p5t-man ,ere*!us 0 id5tifi$ ) ! wat]-god ,poseidon17#bej7 & 9 8 temple1 ! ,ere*!um1 :]e ! s]p5t liv$1 !re 0 a tank :i* w5t by ! "n ( 8! sea ( ,ere*!us407#bea7 7,m#ff7 ,if ! explanation ( ! eight ye>s' cycle :i* ,i h adopt$ holds good = ,!bes & ,delphi1 ! oct5nial fe/ivals held at ^! places probably _h "s ref]5ce to ! sun & moon1 & may h compris$ a sacr$ m>riage ( ^! lum9>ies4 ,! sol> "* ( ,apollo1 :e!r orig9al or adv5titi\s1 l5ds "s c\nt5ance to ?is view1 b at bo? ,delphi & ,!bes ! god 0 app>5tly an intrud] :o usurp$ ! place ( an old] god or h]o at ! fe/ival4 ,at ,!bes t old] h]o 0 ,cadmus4 ,n[ ,cadmus 0 a bro!r ( ,europa1 :o appe>s to h be5 a p]sonification ( ! moon conceiv$ 9 ! =m ( a c[47#beb7 ,he travell$ we/w>d seek+ 8 lo/ si/] till he came to ,delphi1 :]e ! oracle bade him give up ! se>* & foll[ a c[ :i* _h ! :ite m>k ( ! full moon on its flank2 :]ev] ! c[ fell d[n exhau/$1 !re he 0 to take up 8 abode & f\nd a city4 ,foll[+ ! c[ & ! directions ( ! oracle he built ,!bes47#bec7 ,h we n "h 9 ano!r =m ! my? ( ! moon pursu$ & at la/ ov]tak5 by ! sun8 & ! fam\s w$d+ ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia1 to att5d :i* all ! gods came d[n f heav517#bed7 may x n h be5 at once ! my?ical m>riage ( ! great lum9>ies & ! ritual m>riage ( ! k+ & que5 ( ,!bes masqu]ad+1 l ! k+ & que5 ( ,cnossus1 9 ! "* ( ! lights ( heav5 at ! oct5nial fe/ival :i* celebrat$ & symbolis$ ! conjunction ( ! sun & moon aft] _! long sep>ation1 _! h>mony aft] eight ye>s ( discord8 ,a bett] "n = ! bride at su* a w$d+ c\ld h>dly h be5 *os5 ?an ,h>monia4 7,m#fg7 ,?is !ory is support$ by a rem>kable feature ( ! fe/ival4 ,at ! head ( ! procession1 imm$iately 9 front ( ! ,laurel-be>]1 walk$ a y\? :o c>ri$ 9 8 h&s a /aff ( olive-wood drap$ ) laurels & fl[]s4 ,to ! top ( ! /aff 0 fa/5$ a bronze globe1 ) small] globes hung f x2 to ! middle ( ! /aff 7 atta*$ a globe ( m$ium size & ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five purple ribb&s1 :ile ! l[] "p ( ! /aff 0 swa!d 9 a saffron pall4 ,! l>ge/ globe1 we are told1 signifi$ ! sun1 ! small] ! moon1 & ! smalle/ ! />s1 & ! purple ribb&s /ood = ! c\rse ( ! ye>1 be+ equal 9 numb] to ! days compris$ 9 x47#bee7 ,! *oir ( virg9s :o foll[$ ! ,laurel-be>] s++ hymns7#bef7 may h repres5t$ ! ,muses1 :o are said to h sung & play$ at ! m>riage ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia2 d[n to late times ! v spot 9 ! m>ket-place 0 %ewn :]e !y _h disc\rs$ _! heav5ly music47#beg7 ,we may conjecture t ! procession ( ! ,laurel-be>+ 0 prec$$ by a dramatic p]=mance ( ! ,slay+ ( ! ,dragon1 & t x 0 foll[$ by a pageant repres5tative ( ! nuptials ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia 9 ! pres5ce ( ! gods4 ,on ?is hypo!sis ,h>monia1 ! wife ( ,cadmus1 is only ano!r =m ( 8 si/] ,europa1 bo? ( !m be+ p]sonifications ( ! moon4 ,accord+ly 9 ! ,samo?racian my/]ies1 9 :i* ! m>riage ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia appe>s to h be5 celebrat$1 x 0 ,h>monia & n ,europa ^: w&]+s 7 dramatically repres5t$47#beh7 ,! gods :o quitt$ ,olympus to grace ! w$d+ by _! pres5ce 7 probably repres5t$ 9 ! rites1 :e!r celebrat$ at ,!bes or 9 ,samo?race1 by m5 & wom5 attir$ z deities4 ,9 l mann] at ! m>riage ( a ,ph>aoh ! c\rti]s masqu]ad$ 9 ! lik5ess ( ! animal-head$ ,egyptian gods47#bei7 ,)9 hi/orical times ! great ,olympic fe/ival 0 always held at int]vals ( f\r1 n ( eight1 ye>s4 ,yet x too w\ld seem to h be5 bas$ on ! oct5nial cycle4 ,= x always fell on a full moon1 at int]vals ( fifty & ( =ty-n9e lun> mon?s alt]nately47#bfj7 ,?us ! total numb] ( lun> mon?s compris$ 9 two successive ,olympiads 0 n9ety-n9e1 :i* is precisely ! numb] ( lun> mon?s 9 ! oct5nial cycle47#bfa7 ,x is possible t1 z ,k4 ,o4 ,mll] conjectur$17#bfb7 ! ,olympic games may1 l ! ,py?ian1 h orig9ally be5 celebrat$ at int]vals ( eight in/ead ( f\r ye>s4 ,if t 0 s1 analogy w\ld lead u to inf] t ! fe/ival 0 associat$ ) a my?ical m>riage ( ! sun & moon4 ,a rem9isc5ce ( su* a m>riage appe>s to survive 9 ! leg5d t ,endymion1 ! son ( ! fir/ k+ ( ,elis1 _h fifty daught]s by ! ,moon1 & t he set 8 sons to run a race = ! k+dom at ,olympia47#bfc7 ,=1 z s*ol>s h already p]ceiv$1 ,endymion is ! sunk5 sun ov]tak5 by ! moon bel[ ! horizon1 & 8 fifty daught]s by h] are ! fifty lun> mon?s ( an ,olympiad or1 m /rictly speak+1 ( e alt]nate ,olympiad47#bfd7 ,if ! ,olympic fe/ival always fell1 z _m au?orities h ma9ta9$1 at ! fir/ full moon aft] ! summ] sol/ice17#bfe7 ! "t w\ld be em95tly appropriate = a m>riage ( ! lum9>ies1 s9ce bo? ( !m might !n be conceiv$ to be at ! prime ( _! vig\r4 7,m#fh7 ,x has be5 +5i\sly argu$ by ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook7#bff7 t ! ,olympic victors 9 ! *>iot-race 7 ! l9eal successors ( ! old rul]s1 ! liv+ embodim5ts ( ,zeus1 ^: claims to ! k+dom 7 decid$ by a race1 z 9 ! leg5d ( ,endymion & 8 sons1 & :o reign$ = a p]iod ( f\r1 p]haps orig9ally ( eight ye>s1 aft] :i* !y _h aga91 l ,o5omaus1 to /ake _! "r to ! ?rone on ! issue ( a *>iot-race4 ,c]ta9ly ! f\r-horse c> 9 :i* !y rac$ assimilat$ !m to ! sun-god1 :o 0 commonly suppos$ to drive ?r\gh ! sky 9 a simil> fa%ion27#bfg7 :ile ! cr[n ( sacr$ olive :i* deck$ _! br[s7#bfh7 lik5$ !m to ! great god ,zeus himself1 ^: glori\s image at ,olympia wore a simil> wrea?47#bfi7 ,b if ! olive-cr[n$ victor 9 ! m5's race at ,olympia repres5t$ ,zeus1 x becomes probable t ! olive-cr[n$ victor 9 ! girls' race1 :i* 0 held e f\r? ye> at ,olympia 9 hon\r ( ,h]a17#bgj7 repres5t$ 9 l mann] ! god's wife2 & t 9 =m] days ! two toge!r act$ ! "p ( ! god & goddess 9 t sacr$ m>riage ( ,zeus & ,h]a :i* is kn[n to h be5 celebrat$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,greece47#bga7 ,?is conclusion is confirm$ by ! leg5d t ! girls' race 0 in/itut$ by ,hippodamia 9 gratitude = h] m>riage ) ,pelops27#bgb7 = if ,pelops z victor 9 ! *>iot-race repres5t$ ,zeus1 8 bride w\ld naturally play ! "p ( ,h]a4 ,b "u ! names ( ,zeus & ,h]a ! pair ( ,olympic victors w\ld seem to h really p]sonat$ ! ,sun & ,moon1 :o 7 ! true heav5ly bridegroom & bride ( ! anci5t oct5nial fe/ival47#bgc7 ,9 ! decl9e ( anci5t civilisation ! old my? ( ! m>riage ( ! great lum9>ies 0 reviv$ by ! crazy fanatic & lib]t9e1 ! emp]or ,heliogabalus1 :o fet*$ ! image ( ,a/>te1 reg>d$ z ! moon-goddess1 f ,c>?age to ,rome & w$d$ x to ! image ( ! ,syrian sun-god1 comm&+ all m5 at ,rome & ?r\gh\t ,italy to celebrate ) joy & fe/ivity ! solemn nuptials ( ! ,god ( ! ,sun ) ! ,goddess ( ! ,moon47#bgd7 #e4 ,fun]al ,games4 7,m#fi7 ,b a diff]5t & at fir/ sight inconsi/5t explanation ( ! ,olympic fe/ival des]ves to be consid]$4 ,"s ( ! anci5ts held t all ! great games ( ,greece--! ,olympic1 ! ,nemean1 ! ,i/hmian1 & ! ,py?ian--7 fun]al games celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead47#bge7 ,?us ! ,olympic games 7 suppos$ to h be5 f\nd$ 9 hon\r ( ,pelops17#bgf7 ! great leg5d>y h]o1 :o _h a sacr$ prec9ct at ,olympia1 :]e he 0 hon\r$ above all ! o!r h]oes & receiv$ annually ! sacrifice ( a black ram47#bgg7 ,once a ye>1 too1 all ! lads ( ,peloponnese are said to h la%$ !mselves on 8 grave at ,olympia1 till ! blood /ream$ d[n _! backs z a libation to ! dep>t$ h]o47#bgh7 ,simil>ly at ,roman fun]als ! wom5 scrat*$ _! faces till !y bl$ = ! purpose1 z ,v>ro tells u1 ( pleas+ ! gho/s ) ! sight ( ! fl[+ blood47#bgi7 ,s1 too1 among ! aborig9es ( ,au/ralia m\rn]s sometimes cut & hack !mselves & all[ ! /ream+ blood to drip on ! dead body ( _! k9sman or into ! grave47#bhj7 ,among ! ea/]n isl&]s ( ,torres ,/raits 9 l mann] y\?s :o _h lately be5 initiat$ & girls :o _h atta9$ to pub]ty us$ to h ! lobes ( _! e>s cut z a m\rn+ c]emony1 & ! fl[+ blood 0 all[$ to drip on ! feet ( ! corpse z a m>k ( pity or sorr[2 moreov]1 "y adults ( bo? sexes _h patt]ns cut 9 _! fle% ) a %>p %ell s t ! blood fell on ! dead body47#bha7 ,! simil>ity ( ^! savage rites to ! ,greek cu/om obs]v$ at ! grave ( ,pelops sugge/s t ! tomb 0 n a m]e c5otaph1 b t x conta9$ ! actual rema9s ( ! dead h]o1 ?\gh ^! h n be5 discov]$ by ! ,g]man excavators ( ,olympia4 ,9 l mann] ! ,nemean games are said to h be5 celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead ,opheltes1 ^: grave 0 %ewn at ,nemea47#bhb7 ,accord+ to tradition1 ! ,i/hmian games 7 in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead ,melic]tes1 ^: body _h be5 wa%$ a%ore at ! ,i/hmus ( ,cor9?4 ,x is said t :5 ?is happ5$ a fam9e fell ^u ! ,cor9?ians1 & an oracle decl>$ t ! evil w\ld n cease until ! p paid due obsequies to ! rema9s ( ! dr[n$ ,melic]tes & hon\r$ him ) fun]al games4 ,! ,cor9?ians compli$ ) ! injunction = a %ort "t2 b z soon z !y omitt$ to celebrate ! games1 ! fam9e broke out afre%1 & ! oracle in=m$ !m t ! hon\rs paid to ,melic]tes mu/ be et]nal47#bhc7 ,la/ly1 ! ,py?ian games are said to h be5 celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead dragon or s]p5t ,py?on47#bhd7 7,m#gj7 ,^! ,greek traditions z to ! fun]al orig9 ( ! great games are /rongly confirm$ by ,greek practice 9 hi/orical times4 ,?us 9 ! ,hom]ic age fun]al games1 includ+ *>iot-races1 foot-races1 wre/l+1 box+1 spe>-?r[+1 quoit-?r[+1 & ar*]y1 7 celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( dead k+s & h]oes at _! b>r[s47#bhe7 ,9 ! fif? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 :5 ,miltiades1 ! victor ( ,m>a?on1 di$ 9 ! ,?racian ,*]sonese1 ! p (f]$ sacrifices to him z _! f\nd] & in/itut$ eque/rian & a?letic games 9 8 hon\r1 9 :i* no citiz5 ( ,lampsacus 0 all[$ to cont5d47#bhf7 ,ne> ! !atre at ,sp>ta !re 7 two graves2 "o conta9$ ! bones ( ! gallant ,leonidas :i* _h be5 br\ght back f ! pass ( ,!rmopylae to re/ 9 ,sp>tan e>?2 ! o!r held ! du/ ( ,k+ ,pausanias1 :o comm&$ ! ,greek armies on ! great day :5 !y r\t$ ! ,p]sian ho/ at ,plataea1 b :o liv$ to t>ni% 8 laurels & to die a traitor's dea?4 ,e ye> spee*es 7 spok5 ov] ^! graves & games 7 held 9 :i* none b ,sp>tans might compete47#bhg7 ,p]haps 9 ! case ( ,pausanias ! games 7 int5d$ r to av]t 8 ang] ?an to d him hon\r2 = we are told t wiz>ds 7 fet*$ ev5 f ,italy to lay ! traitor's unquiet gho/47#bhh7 ,aga91 :5 ! ,sp>tan g5]al ,brasidas1 def5d+ ,amphipolis 9 ,?race aga9/ ! ,a!nians1 fell mortally w\nd$ be=e ! city & j liv$1 l ,wolfe on ! ,heights ( ,abraham1 to le>n t 8 m5 7 victori\s1 all ! allies 9 arms foll[$ ! dead soldi] to ! grave2 & ! grateful citiz5s f5c$ 8 tomb ab\t1 sacrific$ to him z a h]o1 & decre$ t 8 memory %\ld be hon\r$ h5ce=? ) games & annual sacrifices47#bhi7 ,s1 too1 :5 ,timoleon1 ! savi\r ( ,syracuse1 di$ 9 ! city :i* he _h deliv]$ f tyrants )9 & def5d$ aga9/ enemies )\t1 va/ multitudes ( m5 & wom51 cr[n$ ) g>l&s & clad 9 clean raim5t1 att5d$ all t 0 mortal ( _! b5efactor to ! fun]al pyre1 ! voices ( praise & b5$iction m+l+ ) ! s\nd ( lam5tations & sobs2 & :5 at la/ ! bi] 0 laid on ! pyre a h]ald *os5 = 8 sonor\s voice proclaim$ t ! p ( ,syracuse 7 bury+ ,timoleon1 & t !y w\ld hon\r him = all "t to come ) musical1 eque/rian1 & a?letic games1 because he _h put d[n ! tyrants1 conqu]$ ! =eign foe1 rebuilt ! cities t _h be5 laid wa/e1 & re/or$ _! free con/itutions to ! ,sicilians47#bij7 ,9 d$icat+ ! great ,mausoleum at ,halic>nassus to ! s\l ( h] dead husb& ,mausolus1 8 wid[ ,artemisia in/itut$ a conte/ ( eloqu5ce 9 8 memory1 prizes ( money & o!r valuables be+ (f]$ to su* z %\ld pron\nce ! mo/ spl5did panegyrics on ! dep>t$4 ,isocrates himself is said to h ent]$ = ! prize b to h be5 vanqui%$ by 8 pupil ,!opompus47#bia7 ,alex&] ! ,great prep>$ to pay hon\r to 8 dead fri5d ,hephae/ion by celebrat+ a?letic & musical conte/s on a great] scale ?an _h ev] be5 witness$ be=e1 & = ?is purpose he actually assembl$ ?ree ?\s& competitors1 :o %ortly aft]w>ds cont5d$ at ! fun]al games ( ! great conqu]or himself47#bib7 7,m#ga7 ,nor 7 ! ,greeks 9 ! habit ( in/itut+ games 9 hon\r only ( a few di/+ui%$ individuals2 !y sometimes e/abli%$ !m to p]petuate ! memory or to appease ! gho/s ( l>ge numb]s ( m5 :o _h p]i%$ on ! field ( battle or be5 massacr$ 9 cold blood4 ,:5 ! ,c>?ag9ians & ,tyrrh5ians toge!r _h beat5 ! ,phocaeans 9 a sea-fight1 !y l&$ _! prison]s ne> ,agylla 9 ,etruria & /on$ !m all to dea?4 ,aft] t1 :5ev] ! p ( ,agylla or _! ox5 or _! %eep pass$ ! sc5e ( ! massacre1 !y 7 attack$ by a /range malady1 :i* di/ort$ _! bodies & depriv$ !m ( ! use ( _! limbs4 ,s !y consult$ ! ,delphic oracle1 & ! prie/ess told !m t !y mu/ (f] great sacrifices to ! dead ,phocaeans & in/itute eque/rian & a?letic games 9 _! hon\r17#bic7 no d\bt to appease ! angry gho/s ( ! murd]$ m51 :o 7 suppos$ to be do+ ! mis*ief4 ,at ,plataea d[n to ! second c5tury ( our era might be se5 ! graves ( ! m5 :o fell 9 ! great battle ) ! ,p]sians4 ,sacrifices 7 (f]$ to !m e ye> ) great solemnity4 ,! *ief magi/rate ( ,plataea1 clad 9 a purple robe1 wa%$ ) 8 own h&s ! tomb/ones & ano9t$ !m ) sc5t$ oil4 ,he slaught]$ a black bull ov] a burn+ pyre & call$ ^u ! dead w>riors to come & p>take ( ! banquet & ! blood4 ,!n fill+ a b[l ( w9e & p\r+ a libation he said1 8,i dr9k to ! m5 :o di$ = ! fre$om ( ,greece40 ,moreov]1 games 7 celebrat$ e f\r? ye> 9 hon\r ( ^! h]oic dead1 ! pr9cipal prizes be+ (f]$ = a race 9 arm\r47#bid7 ,at ,a!ns fun]al games 7 held 9 ! ,academy to commemorate ! m5 sla9 9 w> :o 7 buri$ 9 ! neighb\r+ ,c]amicus1 & sacrifices 7 (f]$ to !m at a pit3 ! games 7 sup]9t5d$ & ! sacrifices (f]$ by ! ,polem>* or m9i/] ( w>47#bie7 7,m#gb7 ,simil> hon\rs h be5 paid to ! spirits ( ! dep>t$ by _m o!r peoples bo? anci5t & mod]n4 ,?us 9 antiquity ! ,?racians burn$ or buri$ _! dead1 & hav+ rais$ m\nds ov] _! rema9s !y held games ( all k9ds on ! spot1 assign+ ! pr9cipal prizes to victory 9 s+le combat47#bif7 ,at ,rome fun]al games 7 celebrat$ & gladiators f\ght 9 hon\r ( di/+ui%$ m5 :o _h j di$4 ,! games 7 sometimes held 9 ! =um4 ,?us 9 ! ye> #baf ,b4,c41 :5 ,m>cus ,aemilius ,lepidus di$1 :o _h be5 twice consul1 8 ?ree sons celebrat$ fun]al games 9 ! =um = ?ree days1 & two-&-tw5ty pairs ( gladiators f\ght on ! occasion47#big7 ,aga91 9 ! ye> #bjj ,b4,c4 fun]al games 7 held = f\r days 9 ! =um1 & five-&-tw5ty pairs ( gladiators f\ght 9 hon\r ( ! deceas$ ,m4 ,val]ius ,laev9us1 ! exp5se ( ! c]emonies be+ defray$ by ! two sons ( ! dead man47#bih7 ,once m1 :5 ! ,pontifex ,maximus1 ,publicius ,lic9ius ,crassus1 di$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> #ahc ,b4,c41 fun]al games 7 celebrat$ 9 8 hon\r = ?ree days1 a hundr$ & tw5ty gladiators f\ght1 & ! c]emonies conclud$ ) a banquet1 = :i* ! tables 7 spread 9 ! =um47#bii7 ,^! games & combats 7 d\btless int5d$ to please & soo! ! gho/ ( ! rec5tly dep>t$1 j z we saw t ,roman wom5 lac]at$ _! faces = a simil> purpose4 ,simil>ly1 :5 ! ,s\!rn ,nicob>ese dig up ! bones ( _! dead1 clean !m1 & bury !m aga91 !y hold a fea/ at :i* %am-fights ) qu>t]-/aves take place 8to gratify ! dep>t$ _s407#cjj7 ,9 ,futuna1 an isl& ( ! ,s\? ,pacific1 :5 a dea? has tak5 place fri5ds express _! grief by cutt+ _! faces1 brea/1 & arms ) %ells1 & at ! fun]al fe/ival :i* foll[s pairs ( box]s commonly engage 9 combats by way ( hon\r+ ! deceas$47#cja7 ,9 ,laos1 a prov9ce ( ,siam1 box]s are simil>ly engag$ to bruise ea* o!r at ! fe/ival :i* takes place :5 ! rema9s ( a *ief or o!r important p]son are cremat$4 ,! fe/ival la/s ?ree days1 b x is :ile ! pyre is actually blaz+ t ! combatants are expect$ to batt] ea* o!r's heads ) ! utmo/ vig\r47#cjb7 ,among ! ,kirghiz ! anniv]s>y ( ! dea? ( a ri* man is celebrat$ ) a great fea/ & ) horse-races1 %oot+-mat*es1 & wre/l+-mat*es4 ,x is said t ?\s&s ( %eep & hundr$s ( horses1 besides slaves1 coats ( mail1 & a great _m o!r objects1 are sometimes di/ribut$ z prizes among ! w9n]s47#cjc7 ,! ,ba%kirs1 a ,t>t> p ( mix$ extraction1 bury _! dead1 & always end ! obsequies ) horse-races47#cjd7 ,among "s ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians conte/s 9 runn+1 %oot+1 & s =? =m$ "p ( ! fun]al celebration47#cje7 7,m#gc7 ,! ,b$\9s ( ! ,s9aitic p59sula obs]ve a great annual fe/ival at ! grave ( ! prophet ,salih1 & camel-races are includ$ 9 ! c]emonies4 ,at ! end ( ! races a procession takes place r\nd ! prophet's grave1 aft] :i* ! sacrificial victims are l$ to ! door ( ! mortu>y *apel1 _! e>s are cut (f1 & ! doorpo/s are sme>$ ) _! /ream+ blood47#cjf7 ,! cu/om ( hold+ fun]al games 9 hon\r ( ! dead appe>s to be common among ! p ( ! ,caucasus4 ,?us 9 ,circassia ! anniv]s>y ( ! dea? ( a di/+ui%$ w>rior or *ief is celebrat$ = ye>s ) horse-races1 foot-races1 & v>i\s k9ds ( m>tial & a?letic ex]cises1 = :i* prizes are aw>d$ to ! successful competitors47#cjg7 ,among ! ,*ewsurs1 ano!r p ( ! ,caucasus1 horse-races are held at ! fun]al ( a ri* man1 & prizes ( cattle & %eep are giv5 to ! w9n]s2 poor] folk cont5t !mselves ) a competition 9 %oot+ & ) m mode/ prizes4 ,simil> celebrations take place on ! anniv]s>y ( ! dea?47#cjh7 ,9 l mann] %oot+-mat*es =m a feature ( an annual ,fe/ival ( ,all ,s\ls1 :5 ! spirits ( dep>t$ ,*ewsurs are believ$ to revisit _! old village4 ,adults & *ildr5 alike take "p 9 ! mat*es1 ! adults %oot+ ) guns & ! *ildr5 ) b[s & arr[s4 ,! prizes consi/ ( loaves1 /ock+s1 gloves1 & s =?47#cji7 ,among ! ,ab*ases1 ano!r p ( ! ,caucasus1 two ye>s aft] a dea? a memorial fea/ is held 9 hon\r ( ! deceas$1 at :i* animals are kill$ & measures tak5 to appease ! s\l ( ! dep>t$4 ,= !y believe t if ! gho/ is discont5t$ he c injure !m & _! prop]ty4 ,! horse ( ! deceas$ figures prom95tly at ! fe/ival4 ,aft] ! gue/s h fea/$ at a long table spread 9 ! op5 air1 ! "y m5 p]=m evolutions on horseback :i* are said to recall ! t\rnam5ts ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & *ildr5 ( eight or n9e ye>s ( age ride races on horseback47#caj7 7,m#gd7 ,?us x appe>s t _m diff]5t peoples h be5 9 ! habit ( hold+ games1 includ+ horse-races1 9 hon\r ( ! dead2 & z ! anci5t ,greeks unque/ionably did s )9 hi/orical times = m5 ^: exi/5ce is z little op5 to "q z t ( ,well+ton & ,napoleon1 we _c dismiss z improbable ! tradition t ! ,olympic & p]haps o!r great ,greek games 7 in/itut$ to commemorate real m5 :o once liv$1 di$1 & 7 buri$ on ! spot :]e ! fe/ivals 7 aft]w>ds held4 ,:5 ! p]son s commemorat$ _h be5 great & p[]ful 9 8 lifetime1 8 gho/ w\ld be deem$ great & p[]ful aft] dea?1 & ! games celebrat$ 9 8 hon\r might naturally attract cr[ds ( spectators4 ,! ne$ ( provid+ food & accommodation = ! multitude :i* assembl$ on ^! occasions w\ld 9 turn draw numb]s ( huck/]s & m]*ants to ! spot1 & ?us :at 9 its orig9 _h be5 a solemn religi\s c]emony might gradually assume m & m ! "* ( a fair1 t is1 ( a conc\rse ( p br\ght toge!r ma9ly = purposes ( trade & amusem5t4 ,?is !ory might acc\nt = ! orig9 n only ( ! ,olympic & o!r ,greek games1 b also = t ( ! great fairs or public assemblies ( anci5t ,irel& :i* h be5 comp>$1 n )\t reason1 to ! ,greek games4 ,inde$ ! two mo/ fam\s ( ^! ,iri% fe/ivals1 9 :i* horse-races play$ a prom95t "p1 are actually said to h be5 in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead4 ,mo/ celebrat$ ( all 0 ! fair ( ,tailltiu or ,taillt91 held at a place 9 ! c\nty ( ,mea? :i* is n[ call$ ,telt[n on ! ,blackwat]1 midway betwe5 ,navan & ,kells4 ,! fe/ival la/$ = a =tnight be=e ,lammas 7! fir/ ( ,augu/7 & a =tnight aft] x4 ,among ! manly sports & conte/s :i* =m$ a lead+ feature ( ! fair horse-races held ! pr9cipal place4 ,b trade 0 n neglect$1 & among ! w>es br\ght to m>ket 7 m>riageable wom51 :o1 accord+ to a tradition :i* surviv$ into ! n9ete5? c5tury1 7 b\ght & sold z wives = "o ye>4 ,! v spot :]e ! m>riages took place is /ill po9t$ out by ! peasantry2 !y call x 8,m>riage ,holl[40 ,multitudes flock$ to ! fair n only f all p>ts ( ,irel&1 b ev5 f ,scotl&2 x is (ficially record$ t 9 ! ye> #aafi ,a4,d4 ! horses & *>iots alone1 exclusive ( ! p on foot1 ext5d$ 9 a cont9u\s l9e = m ?an six ,engli% miles1 f ,taillt9 to ,mulla*-,aiti1 n[ ! ,hill ( ,lloyd ne> ,kells4 ,! ,iri% hi/orians relate t ! fair ( ,taillt9 0 in/itut$ by ,lug 9 hon\r ( 8 fo/]-"m ,tailltiu1 :om he buri$ "u a great sepul*ral m\nd on ! spot1 ord]+ t a commemorative fe/ival ) games & sports %\ld be celebrat$ !re annually = ev]47#caa7 ,! o!r great fair ( anci5t ,irel& 0 held only once 9 ?ree ye>s at ,c>man1 n[ call$ ,wex=d1 9 ,le9/]4 ,x began on ,lammas ,day 7! fir/ ( ,augu/7 & la/$ six days4 ,a horse-race took place on ea* day ( ! fe/ival4 ,9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! gre5 !re 7 sep>ate m>kets = victuals1 = cattle & horses1 & = gold & preci\s /uffs ( ! m]*ants4 ,h>p]s h>p$ & pip]s pip$ = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! cr[ds1 & 9 o!r p>ts ( ! fair b>ds recit$ 9 ! e>s ( rapt li/5]s old romantic tales ( =ays & cattle-raids1 ( battles & murd]s1 ( love & c\rt%ip & m>riage4 ,prizes 7 aw>d$ to ! be/ p]=m]s 9 e art4 ,9 ! ,book ( ,ballymote ! fair ( ,c>man or ,g>man is said to h be5 f\nd$ 9 accordance ) ! dy+ wi% ( a *ief nam$ ,g>man1 :o 0 buri$ on ! spot1 aft] begg+ t a fair ( m\rn+ 7a5a* n-guba7 %\ld be in/itut$ = him & %\ld be> 8 "n = ev]4 8,x 0 consid]$ an in/itution ( great importance1 & among ! bless+s promis$ to ! m5 ( ,le9/] f hold+ x & duly celebrat+ ! e/abli%$ games1 7 pl5ty ( corn1 fruit & milk1 abundance ( fi% 9 _! lakes & riv]s1 dome/ic prosp]ity1 & immunity f ! yoke ( any o!r prov9ce4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! evils to foll[ f ! neglect ( ?is in/itution 7 to be failure & e>ly greyness on !m & _! k+s407#cab7 7,m#ge7 ,nor 7 ^! two great fairs ! only anci5t ,iri% fe/ivals ( ! sort :i* are report$ to h be5 f\nd$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead4 ,! annual fair at ,ema9 is said to h be5 e/abli%$ to lam5t ! dea? ( ,que5 ,ma*a ( ! ,gold5 ,hair1 :o _h h] palace on ! spot47#cac7 ,9 %ort 8mo/ ( ! great meet+s1 by :atev] "n kn[n1 _h _! orig9 9 fun]al games4 ,t>a1 ,taillt5n1 ,tla*tga1 ,u%nagh1 ,crua*an1 ,ema9 ,ma*a & o!r less prom95t meet+-places1 are well kn[n z anci5t pagan cemet]ies1 9 all ( :i* _m illu/ri\s semi-hi/orical p]sonages 7 int]r$3 & _m sepul*ral monum5ts rema9 9 !m to ?is day407#cad7 8,!re 0 a notion t ,c>man 0 a cemet]y1 t !re k+s & que5s _h be5 buri$1 & t ! games & horse-races1 :i* =m$ ! pr9cipal attraction ( ! fair1 _h be5 in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead folk on ^: graves ! feet ( ! assembl$ multitude 7 tread+4 ,! same view is tak5 ( ! fairs ( ,tailltiu & ,crua*an3 ,tailltiu & ,crua*an 7 cemet]ies be=e !y s]v$ p]iodically z places ( assembly = bus9ess & pleasure407#cae7 ,! tombs ( ! fir/ k+s ( ,ul/] 7 at ,taillt947#caf7 7,m#gf7 ,if we ask :e!r ! tradition z to ! fun]al orig9 ( ^! great ,iri% fairs is true or false1 x is important to obs]ve ! date at :i* !y 7 commonly celebrat$4 ,! date 0 ! fir/ ( ,augu/1 or ,lugnasad1 t is1 ! nasad or games ( ,lug1 z ! day is /ill call$ 9 e "p ( ,irel&47#cag7 ,?is 0 ! date ( ! great fair ( ,crua*an7#cah7 z well z ( ,taillt9 & ,c>man4 ,n[ ! fir/ ( ,augu/ is our ,lammas ,day1 a "n d]iv$ f ! ,anglo-,saxon hlafmaesse1 t is1 8,loaf-mass0 or 8,bread-mass10 & ! "n m>ks ! day z a mass or fea/ ( ?anksgiv+ = ! fir/-fruits ( ! corn-h>ve/1 :i* 9 ,engl& & ,irel& usually rip5 ab\t t "t4 ,! fea/ 8seems to h be5 obs]v$ ) bread ( new :eat1 & !re=e 9 "s p>ts ( ,engl&1 & ev5 9 "s ne> ,ox=d1 ! t5ants are b\nd to br+ 9 :eat ( t ye> to _! "l1 on or be=e ! fir/ ( ,augu/407#cai7 ,b if ! fe/ival ( ! fir/ ( ,augu/ 0 9 its orig9 an (f]+ ( ! fir/-fruits ( ! corn-h>ve/1 we c easily und]/& ! great importance :i* ! anci5t ,iri% atta*$ to x1 & :y !y %\ld h ?\ght t its obs]vance ensur$ a pl5tiful crop ( corn z well z abundance ( fruit & milk & fi%1 :]eas ! neglect ( ! fe/ival w\ld entail ! failure ( ^! ?+s & cause ! hair ( _! k+s to turn prematurely grey47#cbj7 ,= x is a widespread cu/om among primitive agricultural peoples to (f] ! fir/-fruits ( ! h>ve/ to div9e be+s1 :e!r gods or spirits1 be=e any p]son may eat ( ! new crops17#cba7 & :]ev] su* cu/oms are obs]v$ we may assume t an omission to (f] ! fir/-fruits mu/ be suppos$ to endang] ! crops & ! g5]al prosp]ity ( ! community1 by excit+ ! wra? ( ! gods or spirits1 :o conceive !mselves to be robb$ ( _! dues4 ,n[ among ! div9e be+s :o are ?us propitiat$ ! s\ls ( dead ance/ors take 9 _m tribes a prom95t or ev5 exclusive place1 & t ^! ance/ors are n creations ( ! my?ical fancy b 7 once m5 ( fle% & blood is sometimes demon/rat$ by ! sub/antial evid5ce ( _! skulls1 to :i* ! (f]+s are made & 9 :i* ! spirits are suppos$ to take up _! abode = ! purpose ( p>tak+ ( ! food pres5t$ to !m4 ,sometimes ! c]emony is designat$ by ! expressive "n ( 8fe$+ ! dead407#cbb7 7,m#gg7 ,all ?is t5ds to support ! traditional explanation ( ! great ,iri% fairs held at ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/1 :5 ! fir/ corn is ripe2 = if ^! fe/ivals 7 inde$ celebrat$1 z !y are said to h be51 at cemet]ies :]e k+s & o!r fam\s m5 7 buri$1 & if ! horse-races & o!r games1 :i* =m$ ! mo/ prom95t feature ( ! celebrations1 7 inde$ in/itut$1 z !y are said to h be51 9 hon\r ( dead m5 & wom51 we c p]fectly und]/& :y ! obs]vance ( ! fe/ivals & ! games 0 suppos$ to ensure a pl5tiful h>ve/ & abundance ( fruit & fi%1 :]eas ! neglect to celebrate !m 0 believ$ to entail ! failure ( ^! ?+s4 ,s long z ! spirits ( ! dead m5 & wom51 :o 7 buri$ on ! spot1 receiv$ ! homage ( _! desc5dants 9 ! %ape ( fun]al games & p]haps ( fir/-fruits1 s long w\ld !y bless _! p ) pl5ty by caus+ ! e>? to br+ =? its fruits1 ! c[s to yield milk1 & ! wat]s to sw>m ) fi%2 :]eas if !y deem$ !mselves slight$ & neglect$1 !y w\ld av5ge _! wrongs by cutt+ (f ! food supply & afflict+ ! p ) de>? & o!r calamities4 ,among ^! ?reat5$ calamities ! premature greyness ( ! k+s is specially m5tion$1 & 0 probably deem$ n ! lea/ s]i\s2 = we h se5 t ! welf>e ( ! :ole p is (t5 deem$ to be b\nd up ) ! physical vig\r ( ! k+1 & t ! appe>ance ( grey hairs on 8 head & wr9kles on 8 face is sometimes view$ ) appreh5sion & proves ! signal = putt+ him to dea?47#cbc7 ,simil>ly ! ,ab*ases ( ! ,caucasus imag9e t if !y d n hon\r a dead man by horse-races & o!r fe/ivities1 8 gho/ w be angry ) !m & visit 8 displeasure on _! p]sons & _! prop]ty47#cbd7 ,9 ?is connexion x is significant t ! celebration ( ! ,i/hmian games at ,cor9? 9 hon\r ( ! dead ,melic]tes is said to h be5 in/itut$ = ! purpose ( /ay+ a fam9e1 & t ! int]mission ( ! games 0 imm$iately foll[$ by a fre% visitation ( ! calamity47#cbe7 ,analogy sugge/s t ! fam9e may h be5 ascrib$ to ! ang] ( ! gho/ ( ,melic]tes at ! neglect ( 8 fun]al hon\rs4 7,m#gh7 ,?us on ! :ole ! !ory ( ! fun]al orig9 ( ! great ,greek games is support$ n only by ,greek tradition & ,greek cu/om b by ! evid5ce ( p>allel cu/oms obs]v$ 9 _m l&s4 ,yet ! !ory seems h>dly adequate to expla9 all ! features 9 ! leg5ds ( ! f\ndation & e>ly hi/ory ( ! ,olympic games4 ,= if ^! conte/s 7 in/itut$ m]ely to please & propitiate ! s\l ( a pr9ce nam$ ,pelops :o 0 buri$ on ! spot1 :at are we to make ( ! tradition t ! foot-race 0 f\nd$ 9 ord] to det]m9e ! successor to ! k+dom87#cbf7 or ( ! simil>1 ?\gh n id5tical1 tradition t ! k+dom & ! h& ( ! k+'s daught] 7 aw>d$ z ! prize to him :o c\ld vanqui% ! k+ 9 a *>iot race1 :ile dea? 0 ! p5alty inflict$ on ! beat5 *>iote]87#cbg7 ,su* leg5ds c h>dly h be5 pure fictions2 !y probably reflect "s real cu/om obs]v$ at ,olympia4 ,we may p]haps comb9e !m ) ! tradition ( ! fun]al orig9 ( ! games by suppos+ t victory 9 ! race entitl$ ! w9n] to reign z a div9e k+1 ! embodim5t ( a god1 = a t]m ( ye>s1 :e!r f\r or eight ye>s accord+ to ! int]val betwe5 successive celebrations ( ! fe/ival2 t :5 ! t]m _h expir$ ! human god mu/ aga9 submit 8 title to ! cr[n to ! haz>d ( a race = ! purpose ( prov+ t 8 bodily vig\r 0 unimpair$2 t if he fail$ to d s he lo/ bo? 8 k+dom & 8 life2 & la/ly t ! spirits ( ^! div9e k+s1 l ^? ( ! div9e k+s ( ! ,%illuk1 7 wor%ipp$ ) sacrifices at _! graves & 7 ?\ght to delight 9 ! spectacle ( ! games :i* rem9d$ !m ( ! laurels !y _h !mselves won long ago1 amid ! plaudits ( a va/ multitude1 9 ! sun%9e & du/ ( ! race-c\rse1 be=e !y jo9$ ! %ad[y company ( gho/s 9 ! d>kness & sil5ce ( ! tomb4 ,! !ory w\ld expla9 ! exi/5ce ( ! sacr$ prec9ct ( ,pelops at ,olympia1 :]e ! black rams1 ! *>act]i/ic (f]+s to ! dead17#cbh7 7 sacrific$ to ! h]o1 & :]e ! "y m5 la%$ !mselves till ! blood dripp$ f _! backs on ! gr\nd--a sight well-pleas+ to ! grim blood?ir/y gho/ lurk+ unse5 bel[4 ,p]haps1 too1 ! !ory may expla9 ! high m\nd1 at "s di/ance f ,olympia1 :i* pass$ = ! grave ( ! suitors ( ,hippodamia1 to ^: %ades ,pelops is said to h sacrific$ z to h]oes e ye>47#cbi7 ,x is possible t ! m5 buri$ 9 ?is great b>r[ 7 n1 z tradition _h x1 ! suitors :o cont5d$ 9 ! *>iot-race = ! h& ( ,hippodamia & be+ defeat$ 7 sla9 by h] rel5tless fa!r2 !y may h be5 m5 :o1 l ,pelops himself1 _h won ! k+dom & a bride 9 ! *>iot-race1 &1 aft] enjoy+ ! regal dignity & pos+ z inc>nate deities = a t]m ( ye>s1 _h be5 f9ally defeat$ 9 ! race & put to dea?4 7,m#gi7 ,:atev] may be ?\ght ( ^! speculations1 ! great ,olympic fe/ival _c h be51 l our ,lammas1 a h>ve/ fe/ival3 ! quadr5nial p]iod ( ! celebration & ! season ( ! ye> at :i* x fell1 ab\t halfway betwe5 ! corn-reap+ ( e>ly summ] & ! v9tage ( mid-autumn1 alike exclude ! supposition & alike po9t to an a/ronomical1 n an agricultural1 basis ( ! solemnity4 ,accord+ly we seem driv5 to conclude t if ! w9n]s1 male & female1 9 ! ,olympic games inde$ repres5t$ div9ities1 ^! div9ities mu/ h be5 p]sonifications ( a/ronomical1 n agricultural1 p[]s2 9 %ort t ! victors pos$ z embodim5ts ( ! ,sun & ,moon1 !n at ! prime ( _! radiant p[] & glory1 ^: meet+ 9 ! heav5ly bride*amb] ( ! sky aft] ye>s ( sep>ation 0 mimick$ & magically promot$ by ! nuptials ( _! human repres5tatives on e>?4 #f4 ,! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon4 7,m#hj7 ,9 ! =ego+ discussion x has be5 sugge/$ t ,delphi1 ,!bes1 ,salamis1 & ,a!ns 7 once rul$ by k+s :o _h1 9 mod]n language1 a s]p5t or dragon = _! cre/1 & 7 believ$ to migrate at dea? into ! bodies ( ! bea/s4 ,b ^! leg5ds ( ! dragon admit ( ano!r &1 at fir/ sight at lea/1 discrepant explanation4 ,x is difficult to sep>ate !m f ^? simil> tales ( ! slaught] ( a great dragon :i* are curr5t 9 _m l&s1 & h commonly be5 int]pret$ z nature-my?s1 9 o!r words1 z p]sonifications ( physical ph5om5a4 ,( su* tales ! olde/ kn[n v]sions are ! anci5t ,babylonian & ! anci5t ,indian4 ,! ,babylonian my? relates h[ 9 ! beg9n+ ! mighty god ,m>duk f\ght & kill$ ! great dragon ,tiamat1 an embodim5t ( ! primaeval wat]y *aos1 & h[ aft] 8 victory he creat$ ! pres5t heav5 & e>? by splitt+ ! huge c>case ( ! mon/] into halves & sett+ "o ( !m up to =m ! sky1 :ile ! o!r half app>5tly he us$ to fa%ion ! e>?4 ,?us ! /ory is a my? ( creation4 ,9 language :i* its au?ors d\btless und]/ood lit]ally1 b :i* m advanc$ ?9k]s aft]w>ds int]pret$ figuratively1 x describes h[ confusion 0 r$uc$ to ord]1 h[ a cosmos em]g$ f *aos47#ccj7 ,! acc\nt ( creation giv5 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis1 :i* has be5 s mu* prais$ = its simple gr&eur & sublimity1 is m]ely a rationalis$ v]sion ( ! old my? ( ! fight ) ! dragon17#cca7 a my? :i* = crudity ( ?\ght des]ves to rank ) ! qua9t fancies ( ! l[e/ savages4 7,m#ha7 ,aga91 ! ,indian my? embodi$ 9 ! hymns ( ! ,rigv$a tells h[ ! /rong & valiant god ,indra conqu]$ a great dragon or s]p5t nam$ ,vtra1 :i* _h ob/ruct$ ! wat]s s t !y c\ld n fl[4 ,he slew ! mon/] ) 8 bolt1 & !n ! p5t-up spr+s gu%$ 9 riv]s to ! sea4 ,& :at he did once1 he cont9ues to d4 ,aga9 & aga9 he r5ews ! conflict2 aga9 & aga9 he slays ! dragon & releases ! imprison$ wat]s4 ,pray]s are address$ to him t he w\ld be pleas$ to d s 9 ! future4 ,ev5 prie/s on e>? sometimes associate !mselves ) ,indra 9 8 battles ) ! dragon4 ,! wor%ipp] is said to h plac$ ! bolt 9 ! god's h&s1 & ! sacrifice is spok5 ( z hav+ help$ ! weapon to slay ! mon/]47#ccb7 ,?us ! feat attribut$ to ,indra w\ld seem to be a my?ical acc\nt n s mu* ( creation z ( "s regul>ly recurr+ ph5om5on4 ,x has be5 plausibly int]pret$ z a description ( ! bur/+ ( ! fir/ /orms ( ra9 & ?und] aft] ! torrid heat ( an ,indian summ]47#ccc7 ,at su* times all nature1 exhau/$ by ! dr\ght1 longs = coolness & moi/ure4 ,day aft] day m5 & cattle may be torm5t$ by ! sight ( cl\ds t ga!r & !n pass away )\t disburd5+ !mselves ( _! cont5ts4 ,at la/ ! long-drawn /ruggle betwe5 ! rival =ces comes to a crisis4 ,! sky d>k5s1 ?und] peals1 lightn+ fla%es1 & ! welcome ra9 desc5ds 9 %eets1 dr5*+ ! p>*$ e>? & flood+ ! riv]s4 ,su* a battle ( ! elem5ts might well pres5t itself to ! primitive m9d 9 ! guise ( a conflict betwe5 a malefic5t dragon ( dr\ght & a b5efic5t god ( ?und] & ra94 ,! cl\d-dragon has swall[$ ! wat]s & keeps !m %ut up 9 ! black coils ( 8 s9u\s body2 ! god cleaves ! mon/]'s belly ) 8 ?und]-bolt1 & ! imprison$ wat]s escape1 9 ! =m ( dripp+ ra9 & ru%+ /ream4 7,m#hb7 ,9 o!r c\ntries a simil> my? might1 ) appropriate v>iations ( detail1 express 9 l mann] ! passage ( "o season into ano!r4 ,= example1 9 m rigor\s climates ! dragon might /& = ! dre>y w9t] & ! dragon-slay] = ! g5ial summ]4 ,! my?s ( ,apollo & ! ,py?on1 ( ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon h ?us be5 int]pret$ z symbolis+ ! victory ( summ] ov] w9t]47#ccd7 ,simil>ly x has be5 held ) mu* probability t ! ,babylonian leg5d ( ,m>duk & ,tiamat reflects ! annual *ange :i* trans=ms ! valley ( ! ,euphrates 9 spr+4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ! wide ,babylonian pla91 flood$ by ! heavy ra9s1 looks l a sea1 = :i* ! ,babylonian ^w is tiamtu1 tiamat4 ,!n comes ! spr+1 :5 ) ! gr[+ p[] ( ! sun ! cl\ds vani%1 ! wat]s subside1 & dry l& & vegetation appe> once m4 ,on ?is hypo!sis ! dragon ,tiamat repres5ts ! cl\ds1 ! ra91 ! floods ( w9t]1 :ile ,m>duk /&s = ! v]nal or summ] sun :i* dispels ! p[]s ( d>kness & moi/ure47#cce7 7,m#hc7 ,b if ! combat ( ,m>duk & ,tiamat 0 prim>ily a my?ical description ( ! ,babylonian spr+1 x w\ld seem t its cosmogonical significance z an acc\nt ( creation mu/ h be5 an aft]-?\ght4 ,! e>ly philosoph]s :o m$itat$ on ! orig9 ( ?+s may h pictur$ to !mselves ! creation or evolution ( ! _w on ! analogy ( ! great *anges :i* outside ! tropics pass ov] ! face ( nature e ye>4 ,9 ^! *anges x is n h>d to disc]n or to imag9e a conflict betwe5 two ho/ile =ces or pr9ciples1 ! pr9ciple ( con/ruction or ( life & ! pr9ciple ( de/ruction or ( dea?1 victory incl9+ n[ to ! "o & n[ to ! o!r1 accord+ z w9t] yields to spr+ or summ] fades into autumn4 ,x w\ld be natural en\gh to suppose t ! same mighty rivals :i* /ill wage w> on ea* o!r _h done s f ! beg9n+1 & t ! =mation ( ! univ]se z x n[ exi/s _h result$ f ! %ock ( _! battle4 ,on ?is !ory ! creation ( ! _w is repeat$ e spr+1 & its dissolution is ?reat5$ e autumn3 ! "o is proclaim$ by summ]'s gay h]alds1 ! op5+ fl[]s2 ! o!r is :isp]$ by w9t]'s sad h>b+]s1 ! yell[ leaves4 ,"h z else:]e ! old cre$ is e*o$ by ! poet's fancy3-- 8,non alios prima cresc5tis orig9e mundi ,inluxisse dies aliumve habuisse t5orem ,cr$id]im3 v] illud erat1 v] magnus agebat ,orbis1 et hib]nis p>cebant flatibus ,euri3 ,cum primae lucem pecudes haus]e1 virumque ,f]rea prog5ies duris caput extulit arvis1 ,inmissaeque f]ae silvis et sid]a caelo407#ccf7 7,m#hd7 ,?us ! c]emonies :i* 9 _m l&s h be5 p]=m$ to ha/5 ! dep>ture ( w9t] or /ay ! flight ( summ] are 9 a s5se attempts to create ! _w afre%1 to 8re-m\ld x ne>] to ! ,he>t's desire40 ,b if we w\ld set ourselves at ! po9t ( view ( ! old sages :o devis$ means s feeble to accompli% a purpose s immeasurably va/1 we mu/ dive/ ourselves ( our mod]n conceptions ( ! imm5sity ( ! univ]se & ( ! pett9ess & insignificance ( man's place 9 x4 ,we mu/ imag9e ! inf9itude ( space %runk to a few miles1 ! inf9itude ( "t contract$ to a few g5]ations4 ,to ! savage ! m\nta9s t b\nd ! visible horizon1 or ! sea t /ret*es away to meet x1 is ! _w's end4 ,beyond ^! n>r[ limits 8 feet h nev] /ray$1 & ev5 8 imag9ation fails to conceive :at lies across ! wa/e ( wat]s or ! f> blue hills4 ,( ! future he h>dly ?9ks1 & ( ! pa/ he kn[s only :at has be5 h&$ d[n to him by ^w ( m\? f 8 savage =efa!rs4 ,to suppose t a _w ?us circumscrib$ 9 space & "t 0 creat$ by ! ef=ts or ! fiat ( a be+ l himself imposes no great /ra9 on 8 cr$ulity2 & he may )\t mu* difficulty imag9e t he himself c annually repeat ! "w ( creation by 8 *>ms & incantations4 ,& once a horde ( savages _h in/itut$ magical c]emonies = ! r5ewal or pres]vation ( all ?+s1 ! =ce ( cu/om & tradition w\ld t5d to ma9ta9 !m 9 practice long aft] ! old n>r[ ideas ( ! univ]se _h be5 sup]s$$ by m adequate conceptions1 & ! tribe _h exp&$ into a nation4 7,m#he7 ,nei!r 9 ,babylonia nor 9 ,india1 inde$1 s f> z ,i am aw>e1 is !re any direct evid5ce t ! /ory ( ! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon 0 ev] act$ z a miracle-play or magical rite = ! sake ( br++ ab\t ^? natural ev5ts :i* x describes 9 figurative language4 ,b analogy leads u to conjecture t 9 bo? c\ntries ! my? may h be5 recit$1 if n act$1 z an incantation1 = ! purpose ,i h indicat$4 ,at ,babylon ! recitation may h =m$ "p ( ! great ,new ,ye> fe/ival ( ,m>duk1 :i* "u ! "n ( ,zagmuk 0 celebrat$ ) great pomp ab\t ! v]nal equ9ox47#ccg7 ,9 ?is connexion x may n be )\t significance t "o v]sion ( ! ,babylonian leg5d ( creation has be5 f\nd inscrib$ on a tablet1 ( :i* ! rev]se exhibits an incantation int5d$ to be recit$ = ! purification ( ! temple ( ,e-zida 9 ,borsippa47#cch7 ,n[ ,e-zida 0 ! temple ( ,nabu or ,nebo1 a god closely associat$1 if n orig9ally id5tical1 ) ,m>duk2 inde$ ,hammurabi1 ! great k+ ( ,babylon1 d$icat$ ! temple 9 "q to ,m>duk & n to ,nabu47#cci7 ,x seems n improbable1 !re=e1 t ! creation leg5d1 9 :i* ,m>duk play$ s important a "p1 0 recit$ z an incantation at ! purification ( ! temple ,e-zida4 ,! c]emony p]haps took place at ! ,zagmuk fe/ival1 :5 ! image ( ,nabu 0 solemnly br\ght 9 procession f 8 temple 9 ,borsippa to ! great temple ( ,m>duk 9 ,babylon47#cdj7 ,moreov]1 x 0 believ$ t at ?is great fe/ival ! fates 7 det]m9$ by ,m>duk or ,nabu = ! ensu+ ye>47#cda7 ,n[1 ! creation my? relates h[1 aft] he _h sla9 ! dragon1 ,m>duk wre/$ ! tablets ( de/9y f ,n+u1 ! p>am\r ( ,tiamat1 seal$ !m ) a seal1 & laid !m on 8 brea/47#cdb7 ,we may conjecture t ! dramatic repres5tation ( ?is incid5t =m$ "p ( ! annual det]m9ation ( ! fates at ,zagmuk4 ,9 %ort1 x seems probable t ! :ole my? ( creation 0 annually recit$ & act$ at ?is great spr+ fe/ival z a *>m to dispel ! /orms & floods ( w9t]1 & to ha/5 ! com+ ( summ]47#cdc7 7,m#hf7 ,:]ev] sacr$ dramas ( ?is sort 7 act$ z magical rites = ! regulation ( ! seasons1 x w\ld be natural t ! *ief "p %\ld be play$ by ! k+1 at fir/ 9 8 "* ( head magician1 & aft]w>ds z repres5tative & embodim5t ( ! b5efic5t god :o vanqui%es ! p[]s ( evil4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! my? ( ! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon 0 ev] act$ ) ?is int5tion1 ! k+ w\ld appropriately figure 9 ! play z ! victori\s *ampion1 :ile ! defeat$ mon/] w\ld be repres5t$ by an actor ( inf]ior rank4 ,b x is possible t "u c]ta9 circum/ances ! di/ribution ( p>ts 9 ! drama might be some:at diff]5t4 ,:]e ! t5ure ( ! regal (fice 0 limit$ to a fix$ "t1 at ! end ( :i* ! k+ 0 inexorably put to dea?1 ! fatal "p ( ! dragon might be assign$ to ! mon>* z ! repres5tative ( ! old ord]1 ! old ye>1 or ! old cycle :i* 0 pass+ away1 :ile ! "p ( ! victori\s god or h]o might be support$ by 8 successor & execution]4 7,m#hg7 ,an hypo!sis ( ?is latt] sort w\ld to a c]ta9 ext5t reconcile ! two app>5tly discrepant int]pretations ( ! my? :i* h be5 discuss$ 9 ! prec$+ pages1 & :i* = ! sake ( di/9ction may be call$ ! totemic & ! cosmological int]pretations respectively4 ,! s]p5t or dragon might be ! sacr$ animal or totem ( ! royal h\se at ! same "t t x /ood my?ically = c]ta9 cosmological ph5om5a1 :e!r moi/ure or dr\ght1 cold or heat1 w9t] or summ]4 ,9 l mann] any o!r species ( animal :i* s]v$ z ! totem ( ! royal family might simultane\sly possess a cosmological significance z ! symbol ( an elem5tal p[]4 ,?us at ,cnossus1 z we h se5 reason to ?9k1 ! bull 0 at once ! k+'s cre/ & an emblem ( ! sun4 ,simil>ly 9 ,egypt ! hawk 0 ! symbol bo? ( ! sun & ( ! k+4 ,! olde/ royal capital kn[n to u 0 ,hi]aconpolis or ,hawk-t[n1 & ! fir/ ,egyptian k+ ( :om we he> _h = 8 only royal title ! "n ( hawk47#cdd7 ,at ! same "t ! hawk 0 ) ! ,egyptians an emblem ( ! sun47#cde7 ,hawks 7 kept 9 ! sun-god's temple1 & ! deity himself 0 commonly repres5t$ 9 art z a man ) a hawk's head & ! disc ( ! sun above x47#cdf7 ,h[ev]1 ,i am fully s5sible ( ! slipp]9ess & unc]ta9ty ( ! gr\nd ,i am tread+1 & x is ) great diffid5ce t ,i submit ^! speculations to ! judgm5t ( my read]s4 ,! subject ( anci5t my?ology is involv$ 9 d5se mi/s :i* x is n always possible to p5etrate & illum9e ev5 ) ! lamp ( ! ,comp>ative ,me?od4 ,demon/ration 9 su* matt]s is r>ely1 if ev]1 atta9able2 ! utmo/ t a c&id enquir] c claim = 8 conclusions is a reasonable degree ( probability4 ,future rese>*es may cle> up ! obscurity :i* /ill re/s on ! my? ( ! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon1 & may !reby asc]ta9 :at measure ( tru?1 if any1 !re is 9 ! sugge/$ int]pretations4 #g4 ,tri5nial ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 ,9 ! prov9ce ( ,lagos1 :i* =ms "p ( ,s\!rn ,nig]ia1 ! ,ijebu tribe ( ! ,yoruba race is divid$ into two bran*es1 :i* are kn[n respectively z ! ,ijebu ,ode & ! ,ijebu ,remon4 ,! ,ode bran* ( ! tribe is rul$ by a *ief :o be>s ! title ( ,awujale & is surr\nd$ by a great deal ( my/]y4 ,d[n to rec5t times 8 face might n be se5 ev5 by 8 own subjects1 & if circum/ances oblig$ him to communicate ) !m he did s ?r\gh a scre5 :i* hid him f view4 ,! o!r or ,remon bran* ( ! ,ijebu tribe is gov]n$ by a *ief1 :o ranks bel[ ! ,awujale4 ,mr4 ,john ,p>k9son 0 in=m$ t 9 =m] times ?is subord9ate *ief us$ to be kill$ ) c]emony aft] a rule ( ?ree ye>s4 ,z ! c\ntry is n[ "u ,briti% protection ! cu/om ( putt+ ! *ief to dea? at ! end ( a ?ree ye>s' reign has long be5 aboli%$1 & ,mr4 ,p>k9son 0 unable to asc]ta9 any p>ticul>s on ! subject47#cdg7 #h4 ,annual ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 7,m#hh7 ,at ,babylon1 )9 hi/orical times1 ! t5ure ( ! k+ly (fice 0 9 practice lifelong1 yet 9 !ory x w\ld seem to h be5 m]ely annual4 ,= e ye> at ! fe/ival ( ,zagmuk ! k+ _h to r5ew 8 p[] by seiz+ ! h&s ( ! image ( ,m>duk 9 8 great temple ( ,esagil at ,babylon4 ,ev5 :5 ,babylon pass$ "u ! p[] ( ,assyria1 ! mon>*s ( t c\ntry 7 expect$ to legalise _! claim to ! ?rone e ye> by com+ to ,babylon & p]=m+ ! anci5t c]emony at ! ,new-ye> fe/ival1 & "s ( !m f\nd ! obligation s burd5some t r ?an dis*>ge x !y r5\nc$ ! title ( k+ altoge!r & cont5t$ !mselves ) ! humbl] "o ( ,gov]nor47#cdh7 ,fur!r1 x w\ld appe> t 9 remote times1 ?\gh n )9 ! hi/orical p]iod1 ! k+s ( ,babylon or _! b>b>\s pr$ecessors =feit$ n m]ely _! cr[n b _! life at ! end ( a ye>'s t5ure ( (fice4 ,at lea/ ?is is ! conclusion to :i* ! foll[+ evid5ce seems to po9t4 ,accord+ to ! hi/orian ,b]osus1 :o z a ,babylonian prie/ spoke ) ample k1 !re 0 annually celebrat$ 9 ,babylon a fe/ival call$ ! ,sacaea4 ,x began on ! sixte5? day ( ! mon? ,l\s1 & la/$ = five days4 ,dur+ ^! five days ma/]s & s]vants *ang$ places1 ! s]vants giv+ ord]s & ! ma/]s obey+ !m4 ,a prison] condemn$ to dea? 0 dress$ 9 ! k+'s robes1 seat$ on ! k+'s ?rone1 all[$ to issue :atev] comm&s he pleas$1 to eat1 dr9k1 & enjoy himself1 & to lie ) ! k+'s concub9es4 ,b at ! end ( ! five days he 0 /ripp$ ( 8 royal robes1 sc\rg$1 & hang$ or impal$4 ,dur+ 8 brief t]m ( (fice he bore ! title ( ,zoganes47#cdi7 ,?is cu/om might p]haps h be5 expla9$ z m]ely a grim je/ p]petrat$ 9 a season ( jollity at ! exp5se ( an unhappy crim9al4 ,b "o circum/ance--! leave giv5 to ! mock k+ to enjoy ! k+'s concub9es--is decisive aga9/ ?is int]pretation4 ,consid]+ ! jeal\s seclusion ( an ori5tal despot's h>em we may be q c]ta9 t p]mission to invade x w\ld nev] h be5 grant$ by ! despot1 lea/ ( all to a condemn$ crim9al1 except = ! v grave/ cause4 ,?is cause c\ld h>dly be o!r ?an t ! condemn$ man 0 ab\t to die 9 ! k+'s /ead1 & t to make ! sub/itution p]fect x 0 necess>y he %\ld enjoy ! full rights ( royalty dur+ 8 brief reign4 ,!re is no?+ surpris+ 9 ?is sub/itution4 ,! rule t ! k+ mu/ be put to dea? ei!r on ! appe>ance ( any symptom ( bodily decay or at ! end ( a fix$ p]iod is c]ta9ly "o :i*1 soon] or lat]1 ! k+s w\ld seek to aboli% or modify4 ,we h se5 t 9 ,e?iopia1 ,s(ala1 & ,eyeo ! rule 0 boldly set aside by enlight5$ mon>*s2 & t 9 ,calicut ! old cu/om ( kill+ ! k+ at ! end ( twelve ye>s 0 *ang$ into a p]mission grant$ to any "o at ! end ( ! twelve ye>s' p]iod to attack ! k+1 &1 9 ! ev5t ( kill+ him1 to reign 9 8 /ead2 ?\gh1 z ! k+ took c>e at ^! times to be surr\nd$ by 8 gu>ds1 ! p]mission 0 little m ?an a =m4 ,ano!r way ( modify+ ! /]n old rule is se5 9 ! ,babylonian cu/om j describ$4 ,:5 ! "t drew ne> = ! k+ to be put to dea? 79 ,babylon ?is appe>s to h be5 at ! end ( a s+le ye>'s reign7 he abdicat$ = a few days1 dur+ :i* a tempor>y k+ reign$ & suff]$ 9 8 /ead4 ,at fir/ ! tempor>y k+ may h be5 an innoc5t p]son1 possibly a memb] ( ! k+'s own family2 b ) ! gr[? ( civilisation ! sacrifice ( an innoc5t p]son w\ld be revolt+ to ! public s5tim5t1 & accord+ly a condemn$ crim9al w\ld be inve/$ ) ! brief & fatal sov]eignty4 ,9 ! sequel we %all f9d o!r examples ( a dy+ crim9al repres5t+ a dy+ god4 ,= we mu/ n =get t1 z ! case ( ! ,%illuk k+s cle>ly %ews17#cej7 ! k+ is sla9 9 8 "* ( a god or a demigod1 8 dea? & resurrection1 z ! only means ( p]petuat+ ! div9e life unimpair$1 be+ deem$ necess>y = ! salvation ( 8 p & ! _w4 7,m#hi7 ,if at ,babylon be=e ! dawn ( hi/ory ! k+ himself us$ to be sla9 at ! fe/ival ( ! ,sacaea1 x is natural to suppose t ! ,sacaea 0 no o!r ?an ,zagmuk or ,zakmuk1 ! great ,new-ye> fe/ival at :i* d[n to hi/orical times ! k+'s p[] _h to be =mally r5ew$ by a religi\s c]emony 9 ! temple ( ,m>duk4 ,! !ory ( ! id5tity ( ! fe/ivals is inde$ /rongly support$ by _m consid]ations & has be5 accept$ by "s em95t s*ol>s17#cea7 b x has to enc\nt] a s]i\s *ronological difficulty1 s9ce ,zagmuk fell ab\t ! equ9ox 9 spr+1 :]eas ! ,sacaea accord+ to ,b]osus 0 held on ! sixte5? ( ! mon? ,l\s1 :i* 0 ! t5? mon? ( ! ,syro-,mac$onian cal5d> & appe>s to h ne>ly co9cid$ ) ,july4 ,! "q ( ! sam5ess or diff]5ce ( ^! fe/ivals w be discuss$ lat] on47#ceb7 ,"h x is to be obs]v$ t ,zagmuk 0 app>5tly celebrat$ 9 ,assyria z well z 9 ,babylonia4 ,= at ! end ( 8 great inscription ,es>haddon1 k+ ( ,assyria1 expresses a wi% t x may be grant$ to him to mu/] all 8 rid+-horses & s =? e ye> at ,zagmuk 9 8 palace47#cec7 ,b :e!r ! p[] ( ! ,assyrian k+s _h1 l t ( ! ,babylonian mon>*s1 to be annually r5ew$ at ?is fe/ival1 we d n "k4 ,h[ev]1 a trace ( an annual t5ure ( ! k+ly (fice 9 ,assyria may p]haps1 z ,dr4 ,c4 ,brockelmann ?9ks17#ced7 be detect$ 9 ! rule t an ,assyrian k+ regul>ly gave 8 "n only to a s+le ye> ( 8 reign1 :ile all ! o!r ye>s 7 nam$ aft] c]ta9 (fic]s & prov9cial gov]nors1 ab\t ?irty 9 numb]1 :o 7 appo9t$ = ?is purpose & succe$$ ea* o!r accord+ to a fix$ rotation47#cee7 ,b we "k too little ab\t ! in/itution ( ! limu or eponymate to all[ u to press ?is argum5t = an annual t5ure ( ! k+%ip 9 ,assyria47#cef7 ,a rem9isc5ce ( ,zagmuk seems to l+] 9 ! belief ( ! ,yezidis t on ,new-ye>'s day ,god sits on 8 ?rone arrang+ ! decrees = ! com+ ye>1 assign+ to dignit>ies _! v>i\s (fices1 & deliv]+ to !m _! cr$5tials "u 8 signature & seal47#ceg7 7,m#ij7 ,! view t at ,babylon ! condemn$ prison] :o wore ! royal robes 0 sla9 z a sub/itute = ! k+ may be support$ by ! practice ( ,we/ ,africa1 :]e at ! fun]al ( a k+ slaves us$ sometimes to be dress$ up z m9i/]s ( /ate & !n sacrific$ 9 t "* in/ead ( ! real m9i/]s1 _! ma/]s1 :o pur*as$ = a sum ( money ! privilege ( ?us dy+ by proxy4 ,su* vic>i\s sacrifices 7 witness$ by ,ca?olic mission>ies at ,porto ,novo on ! ,slave ,coa/47#ceh7 7,m#ia7 ,a ve/ige ( a practice ( putt+ ! k+ to dea? at ! end ( a ye>'s reign appe>s to h surviv$ 9 ! fe/ival call$ ,macahity1 :i* us$ to be celebrat$ 9 ,hawaii dur+ ! la/ mon? ( ! ye>4 ,ab\t a hundr$ ye>s ago a ,russian voyag] describ$ ! cu/om z foll[s3 8,! taboo ,macahity is n unlike to our fe/ival ( ,*ri/mas4 ,x cont9ues a :ole mon?1 dur+ :i* ! p amuse !mselves ) dances1 plays1 & %am-fights ( e k9d4 ,! k+ mu/ op5 ?is fe/ival :]ev] he is4 ,on ?is occasion 8 maje/y dresses himself 9 8 ri*e/ cloak & helmet1 & is paddl$ 9 a canoe along ! %ore1 foll[$ sometimes by _m ( 8 subjects4 ,he emb>ks e>ly1 & mu/ f9i% 8 excursion at sun-rise4 ,! /ronge/ & mo/ exp]t ( ! w>riors is *os5 to receive him on 8 l&+4 ,?is w>rior wat*es ! canoe along ! bea*2 & z soon z ! k+ l&s1 & has ?r[n (f 8 cloak1 he d>ts 8 spe> at him1 f a di/ance ( ab\t ?irty paces1 & ! k+ mu/ ei!r cat* ! spe> 9 8 h&1 or suff] f x3 !re is no je/+ 9 ! bus9ess4 ,hav+ caught x1 he c>ries x "u 8 arm1 ) ! %>p end d[nw>ds1 into ! temple or heavoo4 ,on 8 entrance1 ! assembl$ multitude beg9 _! %am-fights1 & imm$iately ! air is obscur$ by cl\ds ( spe>s1 made = ! occasion ) blunt$ ends4 ,hamamea ! k+ has be5 frequ5tly advis$ to aboli% ?is ridicul\s c]emony1 9 :i* he risks 8 life e ye>2 b to no effect4 ,8 answ] always is1 t he is z able to cat* a spe> z any "o on ! isl& is to ?r[ x at him4 ,dur+ ! ,macahity1 all puni%m5ts are remitt$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry2 & no p]son c leave ! place 9 :i* he comm5ces ^! holidays1 let ! affair be ev] s important407#cei7 #i4 ,diurnal ,t5ure ( ! ,k+%ip4 7,m#ib7 ,t a k+ %\ld regul>ly h be5 put to dea? at ! close ( a ye>'s reign w h>dly appe> improbable :5 we le>n t to ?is day !re is /ill a k+dom 9 :i* ! reign & ! life ( ! sov]eign are limit$ to a s+le day4 ,9 ,ngoio1 a prov9ce ( ! anci5t k+dom ( ,congo 9 ,we/ ,africa1 ! rule obta9s t ! *ief :o assumes ! cap ( sov]eignty is always kill$ on ! night aft] 8 coronation4 ,! "r ( succession lies ) ! *ief ( ! ,musurongo2 b we ne$ n wond] t he does n ex]cise x1 & t ! ?rone /&s vacant4 8,no "o likes to lose 8 life = a few h\rs' glory on ! ,ngoio ?rone407#cfj7 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,slay+ ,,( ,,! ,,k+ ,,9 ,,leg5d4 7,m#ic7 ,if a cu/om ( putt+ k+s to dea? at ! end ( a set t]m has prevail$ 9 _m l&s1 x is natural en\gh t rem9isc5ces ( x %\ld survive 9 tradition long aft] ! cu/om itself has be5 aboli%$4 ,9 ! ,high ,hi/ory ( ! ,holy ,graal we read h[ ,lancelot roam$ ?r\gh /range l&s & =e/s seek+ adv5tures till he came to a fair & wide pla9 ly+ )\t a city t seem$ ( "r great lord%ip4 ,z he rode across ! pla9 ! p came =? f ! city to welcome him ) ! s\nd ( flutes & viols & _m in/rum5ts ( music4 ,:5 he ask$ !m :at meant all ?is joy1 8 #8,sir1' said !y1 #8all ?is joy is made along ( y1 & all ^! in/rum5ts ( music are mov$ to joy & s\nd ( gladness = y\r com+4' #8,b :]e=e = me8' sai? ,lancelot4 #8,t %all y "k well betimes1' say !y4 #8,?is city began to burn & to melt 9 "o ( ! h\ses f ! v same h\r t our k+ 0 dead1 nor might ! fire be qu5*$1 nor ev] w be qu5*$ until su* "t z we h a k+ t %all be "l ( ! city & ( ! hon\r !reunto belong+1 & on ,new ,ye>'s ,day behove? him to be cr[n$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! fire1 & !n %all ! fire be qu5*$1 = o!rwise may x nev] be put out nor ext+ui%$4 ,:]e=e h we come to meet y to give y ! royalty1 = we h be5 told t y are a good knight4' #8,lords1' sai? ,lancelot1 #8( su* a k+dom h ,i no ne$1 & ,god def5d me f x4' #8,sir1' say !y1 #8y may n be def5d$ !re(1 = y come into ?is l& at haz>d1 & great grief w\ld x be t s good a l& z y see ?is is 7 burnt & melt$ away by ! default ( "o s+le man1 & ! lord%ip is "r great1 & ?is w be "r great wor%ip to y\rself1 t on ,new ,ye>'s ,day y %\ld be cr[n$ 9 ! fire & ?us save ?is city & ?is great p1 & !re( %all y h great praise4' ,mu* m>velle? ,lancelot ( ?is t !y say4 ,!y come r\nd ab\t him on all sides & lead him into ! city4 ,! ladies & damsels are m\nt$ to ! w9d[s ( ! great h\ses & make great joy1 & say ! "o to ano!r1 #8,look at ! new k+ "h t !y are lead+ 94 ,n[ w he qu5* ! fire on ,new ,ye>'s ,day4' #8,"l6' say ! mo/ "p1 #8:at great pity is x ( s comely a knight t he %all end on su*-wise6' #8,be /ill6' say ! o!rs4 #8,r %\ld !re be great joy t s fair city z is ?is %\ld be sav$ by 8 dea?1 = pray] w be made ?r\gh\t all ! k+dom = 8 s\l = ev]6' ,!re) !y lead him to ! palace ) "r great joy & say t !y w cr[n him4 ,lancelot f\nd ! palace all /r[n ) ru%es & hung ab\t ) curta9s ( ri* clo?s ( silk1 & ! lords ( ! city all app>ell$ to d him homage4 ,b he refuse? "r /\tly1 & sai? t _! k+ nor _! "l w he nev] be 9 no su* sort4 ,!reupon behold y a dw>f t ent]e? into ! city1 lead+ "o ( ! faire/ dames t be 9 any k+dom1 & aske? :]e( ?is joy & ?is murmur+ may be4 ,!y tell him !y are fa9 to make ! knight k+1 b t he is n m9d$ to all[ !m1 & !y tell him ! :ole mann] ( ! fire4 ,! dw>f & ! damsel are alight$1 !n !y m\nt up to ! palace4 ,! dw>f calle? ! provo/s ( ! city & ! great] lords4 #8,lords1' sai? he1 #8si? t ?is knight is n will+ to be k+1 ,i w be s will+ly1 & ,i w gov]n ! city at y\r pleasure & d :atsoev] y h devis$ to d4' #8,9 fai?1 si? t ! knight refuse? ?is hon\r & y desire to h x1 will+ly w we grant x y1 & he may g 8 way & 8 road1 = h]e9 d we decl>e him :olly quit4' ,!re)al !y set ! cr[n on ! dw>f's head1 & ,lancelot make? great joy !re(4 ,he take? 8 leave1 & !y comm5d him to ,god1 & s rem\nte? he on 8 horse & goe? 8 way ?r\gh ! mid/ ( ! city all arm$4 ,! dames & damsels say t he w\ld n be k+ = t he _h no m9d to die s soon407#cfa7 7,m#id7 ,a /ory ( ! same sort is told ( ,ujja91 ! anci5t capital ( ,malwa 9 we/]n ,india1 :]e ! r5[n$ ,k+ ,vikramaditya is said to h held 8 c\rt1 ga!r+ ab\t him a circle ( poets & s*ol>s47#cfb7 ,tradition has x t once on a "t an ar*-fi5d1 ) a legion ( devils at 8 comm&1 took up 8 abode 9 ,ujja91 ! inhabitants ( :i* he vex$ & dev\r$4 ,_m _h fall5 a prey to him1 & o!rs _h ab&on$ ! c\ntry to save _! lives4 ,! once popul\s city 0 fa/ be+ conv]t$ into a des]t4 ,at la/ ! pr9cipal citiz5s1 meet+ 9 c\ncil1 bes\ght ! fi5d to r$uce 8 rations to "o man a day1 :o w\ld be duly deliv]$ up to him 9 ord] t ! re/ might enjoy a day's repose4 ,! demon clos$ ) ! (f]1 b requir$ t ! man ^: turn x 0 to be sacrific$ %\ld m\nt ! ?rone & ex]cise ! royal p[] = a s+le day1 all ! gr&ees ( ! k+dom submitt+ to 8 comm&s1 & ev]ybody yield+ him ! mo/ absolute ob$i5ce4 ,necessity oblig$ ! citiz5s to accept ^! h>d t]ms2 _! names 7 ent]$ on a li/2 e day "o ( !m 9 8 turn rul$ f morn+ to night1 & 0 !n dev\r$ by ! demon4 7,m#ie7 ,n[ x happ5$ by great good luck t a c>avan ( m]*ants f ,guj]at halt$ on ! banks ( a riv] n f> f ! city4 ,!y 7 att5d$ by a s]vant :o 0 no o!r ?an ,vikramaditya4 ,at nightfall ! jackals began to h[l z usual1 & "o ( !m said 9 8 own tongue1 8,9 two h\rs a human corpse w %ortly float d[n ?is riv]1 ) f\r rubies ( great price at 8 belt1 & a turquois r+ on 8 f+]4 ,he :o w give me t corpse to dev\r w be> sway ov] ! sev5 l&s40 ,vikramaditya1 kn[+ ! language ( birds & bea/s1 und]/ood :at ! jackal said1 gave ! corpse to ! bea/ to dev\r1 & took possession ( ! r+ & ! rubies4 ,next day he ent]$ ! t[n1 &1 trav]s+ ! /reets1 obs]v$ a troop ( horse "u arms1 =m+ a royal escort1 at ! door ( a pott]'s h\se4 ,! gr&ees ( ! city 7 !re1 & ) !m 0 ! g>rison4 ,!y 7 9 ! act ( induc+ ! son ( ! pott] to m\nt an elephant & proce$ 9 /ate to ! palace4 ,b /range to say1 in/ead ( be+ pleas$ at ! hon\r conf]r$ on _! son1 ! pott] & 8 wife /ood on ! ?re%old weep+ & sobb+ mo/ bitt]ly4 ,le>n+ h[ ?+s /ood1 ! *ivalr\s ,vikramaditya 0 t\*$ ) pity1 & (f]$ to accept ! fatal sov]eignty in/ead ( ! pott]'s son1 say+ t he w\ld ei!r deliv] ! p f ! tyranny ( ! demon or p]i% 9 ! attempt4 ,accord+ly he donn$ ! k+ly robes1 assum$ all ! badges ( sov]eignty1 &1 m\nt+ ! elephant1 rode 9 great pomp to ! palace1 :]e he seat$ himself on ! ?rone1 :ile ! dignit>ies ( ! k+dom dis*>g$ _! duties 9 8 pres5ce4 ,at night ! fi5d arriv$ z usual to eat him up4 ,b ,vikramaditya 0 m ?an a mat* = him1 & aft] a t]rific combat ! fi5d capitulat$ & agre$ to quit ! city4 ,next morn+ ! p on com+ to ! palace 7 a/oni%$ to f9d ,vikramaditya /ill alive4 ,!y ?\ght he mu/ be no common mortal1 b "s sup]human be+1 or ! desc5dant ( a great k+4 ,grateful to him = _! deliv]ance !y be/[$ ! k+dom on him1 & he reign$ happily ov] !m47#cfc7 7,m#if7 ,accord+ to "o acc\nt1 ! dreadful be+ :o ravag$ ,ujja9 & dev\r$ a k+ e day 0 ! blood?ir/y goddess ,kali4 ,:5 %e quitt$ ! city %e left beh9d h] two si/]s1 ^: qua9t images /ill fr[n on ! spectator f ! pill>$ portal kn[n z ,vikramaditya's ,gate at ,ujja94 ,to ^! h] si/]s %e grant$ ! privilege ( dev\r+ z _m human be+s z !y pleas$ once e twelve ye>s4 ,t tribute !y /ill exact1 ?\gh ! ,european 9 8 bl9dness attributes ! dea?s to *ol]a4 ,b 9 addition sev5 girls & five buffaloes 7 to be sacrific$ to !m e ye>1 & ^! sacrifices us$ to be (f]$ regul>ly until ! practice 0 put d[n by ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t4 ,x is said t ! m5 :o gave _! five-ye>-old daught]s to be sla9 receiv$ grants ( l& z a rew>d ( _! piety4 ,n[adays only buffaloes are kill$ at ! ,daara?a fe/ival1 :i* is held 9 ,octob] on ! n9? day ( ! mon? ,av9a4 ,! heads ( ! animals are buri$ at ,vikramaditya's gateway1 & ^? ( ! la/ ye>'s victims are tak5 up4 ,! girls :o w\ld =m]ly h be5 sacrific$ are n[ releas$1 b !y are n all[$ to m>ry1 & _! fa!rs /ill receive grants ( l&s j z if ! cruel sacrifice _h be5 consummat$47#cfd7 ,! p]si/5ce ( ^! bloody rites at ,ujja9 d[n to rec5t times raises a presumption t ! tradition ( ! daily sacrifice ( a k+ 9 ! same city 0 n purely my?ical4 7,m#ig7 ,x is wor? :ile to consid] ano!r ( ! /ories :i* are told ( ,k+ ,vikramaditya4 ,8 bir? is said to h be5 miracul\s1 = 8 fa!r 0 ,g&h>va-,s5a1 :o 0 ! son ( ! great god ,indra4 ,"o day ,g&h>va-,s5a _h ! mis=tune to (f5d 8 div9e fa!r1 :o 0 s angry t he curs$ 8 son & bani%$ him f heav5 to e>?1 !re to rema9 "u ! =m ( an ass by day & ( a man by night until a p[]ful k+ %\ld burn 8 ass's body1 aft] :i* ,g&h>va-,s5a w\ld rega9 8 prop] %ape & return to ! upp] _w4 ,all ?is happ5$ accord+ to ! div9e ^w4 ,9 ! %ape ( an ass ! son ( ! god r5d]$ an important s]vice to ! ,k+ ( ,dh>a1 & receiv$ ! h& ( ! k+'s daught] z 8 rew>d4 ,by day he 0 an ass & ate hay 9 ! /ables2 by night he 0 a man & enjoy$ ! company ( ! pr9cess 8 wife4 ,b ! k+ grew tir$ ( ! taunts ( 8 enemies1 z well z ( ! gibes :i* 7 levell$ by unfeel+ wits at 8 as99e son-9-law4 ,s "o night1 :ile ,g&h>va-,s5a 9 human %ape 0 ) 8 wife1 ! k+ got hold ( ! ass's body :i* 8 son-9-law _h tempor>ily quitt$1 & ?r[+ x on a fire burn$ x to a%es4 ,on ! in/ant ,g&h>va-,s5a appe>$ to him1 & ?ank+ him = undo+ ! spell ann\nc$ t he 0 ab\t to return to heav51 b t 8 wife 0 ) *ild by him1 & t %e w\ld br+ =? a son :o w\ld be> ! "n ( ,vikramaditya & be end[$ ) ! /r5g? ( a ?\s& elephants4 ,! des]t$ wife 0 fill$ ) sorr[ at 8 dep>ture1 & di$ 9 giv+ bir? to ,vikramaditya47#cfe7 7,m#ih7 ,?is /ory belongs to a widely diffus$ type ( tale :i* 9 ,engl& is kn[n by ! "n ( ,beauty & ! ,bea/4 ,x relates h[ a bea/1 d(f+ its animal %ape1 lives z a human husb& or wife ) a human sp\se4 ,(t51 ?\gh n always1 _! m>riage has a tragic end+4 ,! c\ple live lov+ly toge!r = ye>s & *ildr5 are born to !m4 ,b x is a condition ( _! union t ! trans=m$ husb& or wife %\ld nev] be rem9d$ ( 8 or h] old life 9 furry1 fea!r$1 or f9ny =m4 ,at la/ "o unhappy day ! fairy sp\se f9ds 8 or h] bea/ sk91 :i* _h be5 c>efully hidd5 away by h] or 8 lov+ p>tn]2 or husb& & wife qu>rel & ! real man or woman taunts ! o!r ) h] or 8 k9%ip ) ! bea/s4 ,! sight ( ! once famili> sk9 awak5s old memories & /irs ye>n+s t _h be5 long suppress$3 ! cruel words undo ! k9dness ( ye>s4 ,! sometime animal resumes its native %ape & disappe>s1 & ! human husb& or wife is left lam5t+4 ,sometimes1 z 9 ! /ory ( ,g&h>va-,s5a1 ! de/ruction ( ! bea/'s sk9 causes ! fairy mate to vani% = ev]2 sometimes x enables him or h] to rema9 !nce=? 9 human =m ) ! human wife or husb&4 ,tales ( ?is sort are told by savages 9 _m p>ts ( ! _w1 & _m ( !m h surviv$ 9 ! folk-lore ( civilis$ peoples4 ,) _! impli$ belief t bea/s c turn into m5 or m5 into bea/s1 !y mu/ cle>ly h orig9at$ among savages :o see no?+ incr$ible 9 su* trans=mations4 7,m#ii7 ,n[ x is to be obs]v$ t /ories ( ?is sort are told by savage tribes to expla9 :y !y ab/a9 f eat+ c]ta9 creatures4 ,! reason !y assign = ! ab/95ce is t !y !mselves are desc5d$ f a creature ( t sort1 :o 0 *ang$ = a "t into human %ape & m>ri$ a human husb& or wife4 ,?us 9 ! riv]s ( ,s>awak !re is a c]ta9 fi% call$ a putt91 :i* "s ( ! ,dyaks w on no acc\nt eat1 say+ t if !y did s !y w\ld be eat+ _! relations4 ,tradition runs t a solit>y old man w5t out fi%+ & caught a putt91 :i* he dragg$ out ( ! wat] & laid d[n 9 8 boat4 ,on turn+ r\nd he p]ceiv$ t x _h *ang$ into a v pretty girl4 ,he ?\ght %e w\ld make a *>m+ wife = 8 son1 s he took h] home & br\ght h] up till %e 0 ( an age to m>ry4 ,%e cons5t$ to be 8 son's wife1 b caution$ h] husb& to use h] well4 ,"s "t aft] m>riage1 h[ev]1 he 0 angry & /ruck h]4 ,%e scream$ & ru%$ away into ! wat]1 leav+ beh9d h] a beautiful daught] :o became ! "m ( ! race4 ,o!r ,dyak tribes tell simil> /ories ( _! ance/ors47#cff7 ,?us ! ,sea ,dyaks relate h[ ! :ite-head$ hawk m>ri$ a ,sea ,dyak woman1 & h[ he gave all 8 daught]s 9 m>riage to ! v>i\s om5-birds4 ,h5ce if a ,sea ,dyak kills an om5-bird by mi/ake1 he wraps x 9 a clo? & buries x c>efully 9 ! e>? along ) rice1 fle%1 & money1 entreat+ ! bird n to be vex$1 & to =give him1 because x 0 all an accid5t47#cfg7 ,aga91 a ,kalamantan *ief & all 8 p refra9 f kill+ & eat+ de] ( a c]ta9 species 7c]vulus muntjac71 because "o ( _! ance/ors became a de] ( t k9d1 & z !y _c di/+ui% 8 inc>nation f common de] !y sp>e !m all47#cfh7 ,9 ^! latt] cases ! leg5ds expla9+ ! k9%ip ( ! m5 ) ! animals are n giv5 9 full2 we c only conjecture1 !re=e1 t !y con=m to ! type "h discuss$4 7,m#ajj7 ,! ,sea ,dyaks also tell a /ory ( ! same sort to expla9 h[ !y fir/ came to plant rice & to rev]e ! om5-birds :i* play s important a "p 9 ,dyak life4 ,long1 long ago1 s runs ! tale1 :5 rice 0 yet unkn[n1 & ! ,dyaks liv$ on tapioca1 yams1 potatoes1 & su* fruits z !y c\ld procure1 a h&some "y *ief nam$ ,siu w5t out into ! =e/ ) 8 bl[-pipe to %oot birds4 ,he w&]$ )\t see+ a bird or meet+ an animal till ! sun 0 s9k+ 9 ! we/4 ,!n he came to a wild fig-tree cov]$ ) ripe fruit1 :i* a sw>m ( birds ( all k9ds 7 busy peck+ at4 ,nev] 9 8 life _h he se5 s _m birds toge!r6 ,x seem$ z if all ! f[ls ( ! =e/ 7 ga!r$ 9 ! b\ghs ( t tree4 ,he kill$ a great _m ) ! poison$ d>ts ( 8 bl[-pipe1 & putt+ !m 9 8 basket />t$ = home4 ,b he lo/ 8 way 9 ! wood1 & ! night _h fall5 be=e he saw ! lights & he>d ! usual s\nds ( a ,dyak h\se4 ,hid+ 8 bl[-pipe & ! dead birds 9 ! jungle1 he w5t up ! ladd] into ! h\se1 b :at 0 8 surprise to f9d x app>5tly des]t$4 ,!re 0 no "o 9 ! long v]&ah1 & ( ! p ^: voices he _h he>d a m9ute be=e n "o 0 to be se54 ,only 9 "o ( ! _m rooms1 dimly light$1 he f\nd a beautiful girl1 :o prep>$ = him 8 ev5+ meal4 ,n[ ?\gh ,siu did n "k x1 ! h\se 0 ! h\se ( ! great ,s+alang ,burong1 ! ,rul] ( ! ,_s ,_w4 ,he c\ld turn himself & 8 foll[]s into any %ape4 ,:5 !y w5t =? aga9/ an enemy !y took ! =m ( birds = ! sake ( spe$1 & flew ov] ! tall trees1 ! broad riv]s1 & ev5 ! sea4 ,b 9 8 own h\se & among 8 own p ,s+alang ,burong appe>$ z a man4 ,he _h eight daught]s1 & ! girl :o cook$ ,siu's food = him 0 ! y\nge/4 ,! reason :y ! h\se 0 s /ill & des]t$ 0 t ! p 7 9 m\rn+ = "s ( _! relatives :o _h j be5 kill$1 & ! m5 _h gone out to take human heads 9 rev5ge4 ,siu /ay$ 9 ! h\se = a week1 & !n ! girl1 ^: pet "n 0 ,bunsu ,burong or 8! y\nge/ ( ! bird family10 agre$ to m>ry him2 b %e said he mu/ promise nev] to kill or hurt a bird or ev5 to hold "o 9 8 h&s2 = if he did1 %e w\ld be 8 wife no m4 ,siu promis$1 & toge!r !y return$ to 8 p4 7,m#aja7 ,!re !y liv$ happily1 & 9 "t ,siu's wife bore him a son :om !y nam$ ,s]agunt+4 ,"o day :5 ! boy _h gr[n wond]fully tall & /rong = 8 ye>s & 0 play+ ) 8 fell[s1 a man br\ght "s birds :i* he _h caught 9 a trap4 ,=gett+ ! promise he _h made to 8 wife1 ,siu ask$ ! man to %ew him ! birds1 & tak+ "o ( !m 9 8 h& he /rok$ x4 ,8 wife saw x & 0 sad at he>t4 ,%e took ! pit*]s & w5t z ?\gh %e w\ld fet* wat] f ! well4 ,b %e nev] came back4 ,siu & 8 son s\ght h]1 sorr[+1 = days4 ,at la/ aft] _m adv5tures !y came to ! h\se ( ! boy's gr&fa!r1 ,s+alang ,burong1 ! ,rul] ( ! ,_s ,_w4 ,!re !y f\nd ! lo/ wife & "m1 & !re !y /ay$ = a "t4 ,b ! he>t ( ,siu ye>n$ to 8 old home4 ,he w\ld fa9 h p]suad$ 8 wife to return ) him1 b %e w\ld n4 ,s at la/ he & 8 son w5t back alone4 ,b be=e he w5t he le>n$ f 8 fa!r-9-law h[ to plant rice1 & h[ to rev]e ! sacr$ birds & to draw om5s f !m4 ,^! birds 7 nam$ aft] ! sons-9-law ( ! ,rul] ( ! ,_s ,_w & 7 ! appo9t$ means :]eby he made kn[n 8 wi%es to mank9d4 ,t is h[ ! ,sea ,dyaks le>n$ to plant rice & to hon\r ! om5-birds47#cfi7 7,m#ajb7 ,/ories ( ! same k9d meet u on ! we/ coa/ ( ,africa4 ,?us ! ,t%i-speak+ negroes ( ! ,gold ,coa/ are divid$ into a numb] ( great families or clans1 mo/ly nam$ aft] animals or plants1 & ! memb]s ( a clan refra9 f eat+ animals ( ! species ^: "n !y be>4 ,9 %ort1 ! v>i\s animals or plants are ! totems ( _! respective clans4 ,n[ "s ( ! m rec5t ( ^! clans possess traditions ( _! orig91 & 9 su* cases ! f\nd] ( ! family1 f :om ! "n is d]iv$1 is always repres5t$ z hav+ be5 a bea/1 bird1 or fi%1 :i* possess$ ! p[] ( assum+ human %ape at w4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 at ! t[n ( ,*ama !re resides a family or clan :o take _! "n f ! s>fu or horse-mack]el1 :i* !y may n eat because !y are desc5d$ f a horse-mack]el4 ,"o day1 s runs ! /ory1 a native ( ,*ama :o _h lo/ 8 wife 0 walk+ sadly on ! bea*1 :5 he met a beautiful "y woman :om he p]suad$ to be 8 wife4 ,%e cons5t$1 b told him t h] home lay 9 ! sea1 t h] p 7 fi%es1 & t %e h]self 0 a fi%1 & %e made him swe> t he w\ld nev] allude to h] old home & k9sfolk4 ,all w5t well = a "t till h] husb& took a second wife1 :o qu>rell$ ) ! fir/ wife & taunt$ h] ) be+ a fi%4 ,t griev$ h] s t %e bade h] husb& good-bye & plung$ into ! sea ) h] y\nge/ *ild 9 h] arms4 ,b %e left h] two eld] *ildr5 beh9d1 & f !m are desc5d$ ! ,horse-mack]el p ( ,*ama4 ,a simil> /ory is told ( ano!r family 9 ! t[n ( ,appam4 ,_! ance/or caught a f9e fi% ( ! sort call$ appei1 :i* turn$ into a beautiful woman & became 8 wife4 ,b %e told him t 9 future nei!r !y nor _! desc5dants might eat ! appei fi% or else !y w\ld at once return to ! sea4 ,! family1 duly obs]v+ ! prohibition1 increas$ & multipli$ till !y occupi$ ! :ole c\ntry1 :i* 0 nam$ aft] !m ,appeim or ,appam47#cgj7 7,m#ajc7 ,we may surmise t /ories ( ?is sort1 :]ev] f\nd1 _h a simil> orig92 9 o!r words1 t !y reflect & are int5d$ to expla9 a real belief 9 ! k9%ip ( c]ta9 families ) c]ta9 species ( animals4 ,h5ce if ! "n totemism may be us$ to include all su* beliefs & ! practices bas$ on !m1 ! orig9 ( ?is type ( /ory may be said to be totemic47#cga7 ,n[1 :]ev] ! totemic clans h become exogam\s1 t is1 :]ev] a man is always oblig$ to m>ry a woman ( a totem diff]5t f 8 own1 x is obvi\s t husb& & wife w always h to obs]ve diff]5t totemic taboos1 & t a want ( respect %ewn by "o ( !m = ! sacr$ animal or plant ( ! o!r w\ld t5d to dome/ic j>s1 :i* might (t5 lead to ! p]man5t sep>ation ( ! sp\ses1 ! (f5d$ wife or husb& return+ to h] or 8 native clan ( ! fi%-p1 ! bird-p1 or :at n4 ,t1 ,i take x1 0 ! orig9 ( ! sad /ory ( ! man or woman happily mat$ ) a trans=m$ animal & !n p>t$ = ev]4 ,su* tales1 if ,i am "r1 7 n :olly fictiti\s4 ,totemism may h brok5 _m lov+ he>ts4 ,b :5 t anci5t sy/em ( society _h fall5 into disuse1 & ! ideas on :i* x 0 bas$ _h ceas$ to be und]/ood1 ! qua9t /ories ( mix$ m>riages to :i* x _h giv5 bir? w\ld n be at once =gott54 ,!y w\ld cont9ue to be told1 no long] inde$ z my?s explanatory ( cu/om1 b m]ely z fairy tales = ! amusem5t ( ! li/5]s4 ,! b>b>\s features ( ! old leg5ds1 :i* n[ appe>$ too mon/r\sly incr$ible ev5 = /ory-tell]s1 w\ld be gradually disc>d$ & replac$ by o!rs :i* fitt$ 9 bett] ) ! *ang$ beliefs ( ! "t4 ,?us 9 p>ticul> ! animal husb& or animal wife ( ! /ory might drop ! "* ( a bea/ to assume t ( a fairy4 ,?is is ! /age ( decay exhibit$ by ! two mo/ fam\s tales ( ! class 9 "q1 ! ,greek fable ( ,cupid & ,psy*e & ! ,indian /ory ( ,k+ ,pururavas & ! nymph ,urvasi1 ?\gh 9 ! latt] we c /ill detect h9ts t ! fairy wife 0 once a bird-woman47#cgb7 7,m#ajd7 ,x w\ld1 no d\bt1 be a mi/ake to suppose t totemism1 or a sy/em ( taboos resembl+ x1 mu/ h exi/$ :]ev] su* /ories are told2 = x is c]ta9 t popul> tales spread by diffusion f tribe to tribe & nation to nation1 till !y may be h&$ d[n by oral tradition among p :o nei!r practise nor ev5 und]/& ! cu/oms 9 :i* ! /ories orig9at$4 ,yet ! leg5d ( ! miracul\s p>5tage ( ,vikramaditya may v well h be5 bas$ on ! exi/5ce at ,ujja9 ( a l9e ( rajahs :o _h ! ass = _! cre/ or totem47#cgc7 ,su* a cu/om is n )\t analogy 9 ,india4 ,! cre/ ( ! ,mah>ajah ( ,nagpur is a cobra ) a human face "u its exp&$ hood1 surr\nd$ by all ! insignia ( royalty4 ,moreov]1 ! ,rajah & ! *ief memb]s ( 8 family always we> turbans s arrang$ t !y resemble a coil$ s]p5t ) its head project+ ov] ! we>]'s br[4 ,to expla9 ?is s]p5t badge a tale is told :i* con=ms to ! type ( ,beauty & ! ,bea/4 ,once ^u a "t a ,nag or s]p5t nam$ ,pund>ika took ^u himself ! lik5ess ( a ,brahman1 & repair$ 9 t guise to ! h\se ( a real ,brahman at ,b5>es1 9 ord] to p]fect himself 9 a k ( ! sacr$ books4 ,! tea*] 0 s pleas$ ) ! progress made by 8 pupil t he gave him 8 only *ild1 ! beautiful ,p>vati1 to wife4 ,b ! subtle s]p5t1 ?\gh he c\ld assume any =m at pleasure1 0 unable to rid himself ( 8 =k$ tongue & f\l brea?4 ,to conceal ^! p]sonal blemi%es f 8 wife he always slept ) 8 back to h]4 ,"o night1 h[ev]1 %e got r\nd him & discov]$ 8 unpleasant peculi>ities4 ,%e que/ion$ him %>ply1 & to div]t h] att5tion he propos$ t !y %\ld make a pilgrimage to ,jugg]naut4 ,! idea ( visit+ t fa%ionable wat]+-place s rais$ ! lady's spirits t %e q =got to pursue ! enquiry4 ,h[ev]1 on _! way home h] curiosity reviv$1 & %e repeat$ h] que/ions "u circum/ances :i* r5d]$ x impossible = ! s]p5t1 z a t5d] husb&1 to evade !m1 ?\gh well he knew t ! disclosure he 0 ab\t to make w\ld sev] him1 ! immortal1 at once & = ev] f 8 mortal wife4 ,he relat$ ! wondr\s tale1 &1 plung+ into a pool1 disappe>$ f sight4 ,8 poor wife 0 inconsolable at 8 hurri$ dep>ture1 & 9 ! mid/ ( h] grief & remorse h] *ild 0 born4 ,b in/ead ( rejoic+ at ! bir?1 %e made = h]self a fun]al pyre & p]i%$ 9 ! flames4 ,at t mom5t a ,brahman appe>$ on ! sc5e1 & p]ceiv$ ! =sak5 babe ly+ %elt]$ & gu>d$ by a great hood$ snake4 ,x 0 ! s]p5t fa!r protect+ 8 *ild4 ,address+ ! ,brahman1 he n>rat$ 8 hi/ory1 & =etold t ! *ild %\ld be call$ ,phani-,makuta ,raya1 t is1 8! snake cr[n$10 & t he %\ld reign z rajah ov] ! c\ntry to be call$ ,nagpur4 ,t is :y ! rajahs ( ,nagpur h ! s]p5t = _! cre/47#cgd7 ,aga91 ! rajahs ( ,manipur trace _! desc5t f a div9e snake4 ,at 8 in/allation a rajah ( ,manipur us$ to h to pass ) great solemnity betwe5 two massive dragons ( /one :i* /ood 9 front ( ! coronation h\se4 ,some:]e inside ! build+ 0 a my/]i\s *amb]1 & 9 ! *amb] 0 a pipe1 :i*1 accord+ to ! popul> belief1 l$ d[n to ! dep?s ( a cav]n :]e dwells ! snake god1 ! ance/or ( ! royal family4 ,! l5g? & prosp]ity ( ! rajah's reign 7 believ$ to dep5d on ! l5g? ( "t he c\ld sit on ! pipe endur+ ! fi]y brea? ( 8 s]p5t9e =efa!r 9 ! place bel[4 ,wom5 are specially devot$ to ! wor%ip ( ! ance/ral snake1 & great rev]5ce is paid !m 9 virtue ( _! sacr$ (fice47#cge7 ,! p>allelism betwe5 ! leg5ds ( ,nagpur & ,ujja9 may be all[$ to /r5g!n my conjecture t1 if we h a race ( royal s]p5ts 9 ! "o place1 !re may well h be5 a race ( royal asses 9 ! o!r2 inde$ su* dyna/ies h p]haps n be5 s r>e z might be suppos$4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,supply ,,( ,,k+s4 7,m#aje7 ,tales ( ! =ego+ sort might be dismiss$ z fictions design$ to amuse a leisure h\r1 7 x n = _! rem>kable agreem5t ) beliefs & cu/oms :i*1 z we h se51 /ill exi/1 or are kn[n to h exi/$ 9 =m] times4 ,t agreem5t c h>dly be accid5tal4 ,we seem to be ju/ifi$1 !re=e1 9 assum+ t /ories ( ! k9d really re/ on a basis ( facts1 h[ev] mu* ^! facts may h be5 di/ort$ or magnifi$ 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! m9d ( ! /ory-tell]1 :o is naturally m conc]n$ to amuse ?an in/ruct 8 he>]s4 ,ev5 ! leg5d ( a l9e ( k+s ( :om ea* reign$ = a s+le day1 & 0 sacrific$ at night = ! good ( ! p1 w h>dly seem incr$ible :5 we rememb] t to ?is day a k+dom is held on a simil> t5ure 9 we/ ,africa1 ?\gh "u mod]n conditions ! ?rone /&s vacant47#cgf7 ,& :ile x w\ld be va9 to rely on su* /ories = exact hi/orical details1 yet !y may help u 9 a g5]al way to und]/& ! practical work+ ( an in/itution :i* to civilis$ m5 seems at fir/ sight to belong to ! cl\dl& ( fancy r ?an to ! sob] reality ( ! workaday _w4 ,rem>k1 = example1 h[ 9 ^! /ories ! supply ( k+s is ma9ta9$4 ,9 ! ,indian tradition all ! m5 ( ! city are put on a li/1 & ea* ( !m1 :5 8 turn comes1 is =c$ to reign = a day & to die ! dea?4 ,x is n left to 8 *oice to decide :e!r he w accept ! fatal sov]eignty or n4 ,9 ! ,high ,hi/ory ( ! ,holy ,grail ! mode ( fill+ ! vacant ?rone is diff]5t4 ,a /rang]1 n a citiz51 is seiz$ & compell$ to accept (fice4 ,9 ! end1 no d\bt1 ! dw>f volunte]s to be k+1 ?us sav+ ,lancelot's life2 b ! n>rative pla9ly implies t if a sub/itute _h n ?us be5 f\nd1 ,lancelot w\ld h be5 oblig$1 :e!r he w\ld or n1 to we> ! cr[n & to p]i% 9 ! fire4 7,m#ajf7 ,9 ?us repres5t+ ! succession to a ?rone z compulsory1 ! /ories may well pres]ve a rem9isc5ce ( a real cu/om4 ,to u1 inde$1 :o draw our ideas ( k+%ip f ! h]$it>y & highly privileg$ mon>*ies ( civilis$ ,europe1 ! notion ( ?ru/+ ! cr[n ^u reluctant /rang]s or common citiz5s ( ! l[e/ rank is apt to appe> fanta/ic & absurd4 ,b t is m]ely because we fail to realise h[ widely ! mod]n type ( k+%ip has div]g$ f ! anci5t patt]n4 ,9 e>ly times ! duties ( sov]eignty are m conspicu\s ?an its privileges4 ,at a c]ta9 /age ( developm5t ! *ief or k+ is r ! m9i/] or s]vant ?an ! rul] ( 8 p4 ,! sacr$ functions :i* he is expect$ to dis*>ge are deem$ ess5tial to ! welf>e1 & ev5 ! exi/5ce1 ( ! community1 & at any co/ "s "o mu/ be f\nd to p]=m !m4 ,yet ! burd5s & re/rictions ( all sorts incid5tal to ! e>ly k+%ip are su* t n m]ely 9 popul> tales1 b 9 actual practice1 compulsion has sometimes be5 f\nd necess>y to fill vacancies1 :ile else:]e ! lack ( c&idates has caus$ ! (fice to fall into abeyance1 or ev5 to be aboli%$ altoge!r47#cgg7 ,& :]e dea? />$ ! luckless mon>* 9 ! face at ! end ( a brief reign ( a few mon?s or days1 we ne$ n wond] t gaols _h to be swept & ! dregs ( society rak$ to f9d a k+4 7,m#ajg7 ,yet we %\ld d\btless err if we suppos$ t "u su* h>d conditions m5 c\ld nev] be f\nd ready & ev5 eag] to accept ! sov]eignty4 ,a v>iety ( causes has l$ ! mod]n nations ( we/]n ,europe to set on human life--_! own life & t ( o!rs--a high] value ?an is put ^u x by _m o!r races4 ,! result is a fe> ( dea? :i* is c]ta9ly n %>$ 9 ! same degree ( int5sity by "s peoples :om we 9 our self-complac5cy are accu/om$ to reg>d z our inf]iors4 ,among ! causes :i* ?us t5d to make u c[>ds may be numb]$ ! spread ( luxury & ! doctr9es ( a gloomy !ology1 :i* by proclaim+ ! et]nal damnation & excruciat+ torm5ts ( ! va/ majority ( mank9d has add$ incalculably to ! dread & horror ( dea?4 ,! gr[? ( human] s5tim5ts1 :i* seldom fails to effect a correspond+ amelioration 9 ! "* ev5 ( ! gods1 has inde$ l$ _m ,prote/ant div9es ( late ye>s to temp] ! rig\r ( ! div9e ju/ice ) a l>ge infusion ( m]cy by relegat+ ! fires ( hell to a dec5t obscurity or ev5 ext+ui%+ !m altoge!r4 ,b ^! lurid flames appe> to blaze z fi]cely z ev] 9 ! m cons]vative !ology ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*47#cgh7 7,m#ajh7 ,x w\ld be easy to accumulate evid5ce ( ! indiff]5ce or apa?y exhibit$ 9 pres5ce ( dea? by races :om we commonly br& z l[]4 ,a few examples mu/ "h suffice4 ,speak+ ( ! natives ( ,india an ,engli% writ] obs]ves3 8,we place ! highe/ value on life1 :ile !y1 be+ bless$ ) a com=table fatalism1 :i* assumes t ea* man's de/9y is writt5 on 8 =ehead 9 invisible *>act]s1 & be+ besides untr\bl$ ) any d\bts or ?\ghts z to ! nature ( _! reception 9 ! next _w1 take matt]s ( life & dea? a great deal m unconc]n$ly1 &1 comp>$ ) our ideas1 !y may be said to pres5t an almo/ apa!tic indiff]5ce on ^! subjects407#cgi7 ,to ! same effect ano!r ,engli% writ] rem>ks t 8! abs5ce ( t fe> ( dea?1 :i* is s p[]ful 9 ! he>ts ( civilis$ m51 is ! mo/ rem>kable trait 9 ! ,h9du "*407#chj7 ,among ! natives ( ,annam1 accord+ to a ,ca?olic mission>y1 8! subject ( dea? has no?+ al>m+ = anybody4 ,9 pres5ce ( a sick man p w speak ( 8 approa*+ end & ( 8 fun]al z readily z ( any?+ else4 ,h5ce we nev] ne$ to take ! lea/ v]bal precaution 9 w>n+ ! sick to prep>e !mselves to receive ! la/ sacram5ts4 ,"s "t ago ,i 0 summon$ to a neophyte ^: dea?1 ?\gh c]ta91 0 /ill di/ant4 ,on ent]+ ! h\se ,i f\nd a woman seat$ at 8 b$side sew+ ! m\rn+ dresses ( ! family4 ,moreov]1 ! c>p5t] 0 fitt+ toge!r ! bo>ds ( ! c(f9 q close to ! door ( ! h\se1 s t ! dy+ man c\ld obs]ve ! :ole proce$+ f 8 b$4 ,! wor?y man sup]9t5d$ p]sonally all ^! details & gave directions = ea* ( ! op]ations4 ,he ev5 _h = 8 pill[ "p ( ! m\rn+ co/ume :i* 0 already f9i%$4 ,i c\ld tell y a ho/ ( anecdotes ( ! same sort40 ,among ^! p x is a m>k ( filial piety to pres5t a fa!r or "m ) a c(f92 ! pres5tation is ! occasion ( a family fe/ival to :i* all fri5ds are invit$4 ,pupils display _! respect = _! ma/]s 9 ! same fa%ion4 ,bi%op ,masson1 ^: lett] ,i h j quot$1 0 himself pres5t$ ) a f9e c(f9 by "s ( 8 conv]ts z a ,new ,ye> gift & a tok5 ( _! respect & affection2 !y invit$ 8 att5tion p>ticul>ly to ! quality ( ! wood & ! beauty ( ! workman%ip47#cha7 7,m#aji7 ,) reg>d to ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians a writ] :o knew !m well has said t among !m 8! idea ( immortality is /rongly dwelt ^u4 ,x is n spok5 ( z a supposition or a m]e belief1 n fix$4 ,x is reg>d$ z an actuality1--z some?+ kn[n & approv$ by ! judgm5t ( ! nation4 ,dur+ ! :ole p]iod ( my resid5ce & travels 9 ! ,indian c\ntry1 ,i nev] knew & nev] he>d ( an ,indian :o did n believe 9 x1 & 9 ! reappe>ance ( ! body 9 a future /ate4 ,h[ev] mi/ak5 !y are on ! subject ( acc\ntabilities = acts done 9 ! pres5t life1 no small "p ( _! entire my?ology1 & ! belief t su/a9s ! man 9 8 vicissitudes & w&]+s "h1 arises f ! anticipation ( ease & enjoym5t 9 a future condition1 aft] ! s\l has left ! body4 ,! resignation1 nay1 ! alacrity ) :i* an ,indian frequ5tly lies d[n & surr5d]s life1 is to be ascrib$ to ?is preval5t belief4 ,he does n fe> to g to a l& :i*1 all 8 life long1 he has he>d ab\nds 9 rew>ds )\t puni%m5ts407#chb7 ,ano!r travell]1 :o saw mu* ( ! ,s\? ,am]ican ,indians1 ass]ts t !y surpass ! bea/s 9 _! ins5sibility to h>d%ip & pa91 nev] compla9+ 9 sickness nor ev5 :5 !y are be+ kill$1 & exhibit+ 9 _! la/ mom5ts an apa!tic indiff]5ce untr\bl$ by any misgiv+ z to ! future47#chc7 7,m#aaj7 ,:olesale but*]ies ( human be+s 7 p]petrat$ till lately 9 ! "n ( religion 9 ! we/ ,african k+dom ( ,dahomey4 ,z to ! behavi\r ( ! victims we are told t 8almo/ inv>iably1 ^? doom$ to die exhibit ! greate/ coolness & unconc]n4 ,! natural dread ( dea? :i* ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation has implant$ 9 e brea/1 (t5 leads p]sons :o are liable to be seiz$ = immolation to endeav\r to escape2 b once !y are seiz$ & b\nd1 !y resign !mselves to _! fate ) ! greate/ apa?y4 ,?is is p>tly due to ! less delicate n]v\s sy/em ( ! negro2 b "o reason1 & t n ! lea/1 is t !y h no?+ to fe>4 ,z has be5 said1 !y h b to und]go a surgical op]ation & a *ange ( place ( resid5ce2 !re is no unc]ta9 future to be fac$1 &1 above all1 !re is an entire abs5ce ( t notion ( a place ( t]rible puni%m5t :i* makes s _m ,europeans c[>ds :5 face to face ) dea?407#chd7 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ ,european settl]s on ! coa/ ( ,brazil has rem>k$ on ! indiff]5ce exhibit$ by ! ,indian prison]s :o 7 ab\t to be massacr$ by _! enemies4 ,he conv]s$ ) ! captives1 m5 "y1 /rong1 & h&some4 ,to 8 "q :e!r !y did n fe> ! dea? t 0 s ne> & s appall+1 !y repli$ ) laught] & mock]y4 ,:5 he spoke ( ransom+ !m f _! foes1 !y je]$ at ! c[>dice ( ,europeans47#che7 ,! ,khonds ( ,india practis$ an ext5sive sy/em ( human sacrifice1 ( :i* we %all he> m 9 ! sequel4 ,! victims1 kn[n z ,m]iahs1 7 kept = ye>s to be sacrific$1 & _! mann] ( dea? 0 peculi>ly horrible1 s9ce !y 7 hack$ to pieces or sl[ly roa/$ alive4 ,yet :5 ^! de/9$ victims 7 rescu$ by ! ,engli% (fic]s :o 7 engag$ 9 putt+ d[n ! cu/om1 !y g5]ally avail$ !mselves ( any opportunity to escape f _! deliv]]s & return$ to _! fate47#chf7 ,9 ,ug&a !re 7 =m]ly _m sacrificial places :]e human victims us$ to be slaught]$ or burn$ to dea?1 sometimes 9 hundr$s1 f motives ( sup]/ition4 8,^? :o h tak5 "p 9 ^! executions be> witness h[ seldom a victim1 :e!r man or woman1 rais$ 8 voice to prote/ or appeal aga9/ ! treatm5t met$ out to him4 ,! victims w5t to dea? 7s !y ?\ght7 to save _! c\ntry & race f "s calamity1 & !y laid d[n _! lives )\t a murmur or a /ruggle407#chg7 7,m#aaa7 ,b x is n m]ely t m5 ( o!r races & o!r religions submit to inevitable dea? ) an equanimity :i* mod]n ,europeans 9 g5]al _c mat*2 !y (t5 actually seek & f9d x = reasons :i* seem to u :olly inadequate4 ,! motives :i* lead !m to sacrifice _! lives are v v>i\s4 ,among !m religi\s fanaticism has probably be5 "o ( ! commone/1 & 9 ! prec$+ pages we h met ) _m in/ances ( volunt>y dea?s incurr$ "u its p[]ful impulse47#chh7 ,b m secul> motives1 su* z loyalty1 rev5ge1 & an excessive s5sibility on ! po9t ( hon\r1 h also driv5 multitudes to ?r[ away _! lives ) a levity :i* may /rike ! av]age mod]n ,engli%man z bord]+ on insanity4 ,x may be well to illu/rate ?is comp>ative indiff]5ce to dea? by a few miscellane\s examples drawn f diff]5t races4 ,?us1 :5 ! k+ ( ,b59 di$ & 0 ab\t to be l[]$ into ! e>?1 8 fav\rites & s]vants us$ to compete ) ea* o!r = ! privilege ( be+ buri$ alive ) 8 body 9 ord] t !y might att5d & m9i/] to him 9 ! o!r _w4 ,aft] ! dispute 0 settl$ & ! tomb _h clos$ ov] ! dead & ! liv+1 s5t9els 7 set to wat* x day & night4 ,next day ! sepul*re w\ld be op5$ & "s "o w\ld call d[n to ! entomb$ m5 to "k :at !y 7 do+ & :e!r any ( !m _h gone to s]ve ! k+4 ,! answ] 0 commonly1 8,no1 n yet40 ,! ?ird day ! same "q w\ld be put1 & a voice w\ld reply t s-&-s _h gone to jo9 8 ,maje/y4 ,! fir/ to die 0 deem$ ! happie/4 ,9 f\r or five days :5 no answ] came up to ! "q1 & all 0 sil5t 9 ! grave1 ! heir to ! ?rone 0 in=m$1 & he signalis$ 8 accession by k9dl+ a fire on ! tomb1 roa/+ fle% at x1 & di/ribut+ ! meat to ! p47#chi7 ,! daught] ( a ,mbaya *ief 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 hav+ be5 happily baptiz$ at ! v po9t ( dea?1 0 accord$ ,*ri/ian burial 9 ! *ur* by ! ,jesuit mission>y :o _h rescu$ h] l a br& f ! burn+4 ,b an old hea!n woman ( ! tribe took x sadly to he>t t h] *ief's daught] %\ld n be hon\r$ ) ! usual human sacrifices4 ,s1 draw+ an ,indian aside1 %e implor$ him to be s k9d z to knock h] on ! head1 t %e might g & s]ve h] "y mi/ress 9 ! ,l& ( ,s\ls4 ,! savage oblig+ly compli$ ) h] reque/1 & ! :ole horde begg$ ! mission>y t h] body might be buri$ ) t ( ! *ief's daught]4 ,! ,jesuit /]nly refus$4 ,he in=m$ !m t ! girl 0 n[ ) ! angels1 & /ood 9 ne$ ( no su* att5dant4 ,z = ! old woman1 he obs]v$ grimly t %e _h gone to a v diff]5t place & w\ld move 9 a v diff]5t circle ( society47#cij7 ,:5 ,o?o committ$ suicide aft] ! battle ( ,b$riacum1 "s ( 8 soldi]s slew !mselves at 8 pyre1 & _! example 0 aft]w>ds foll[$ by _m ( _! comrades 9 ! armies :i* _h m>*$ ) ,o?o to meet ,vitellius2 _! motive 0 n fe> ( ! conqu]or1 b purely loyalty & devotion to _! emp]or47#cia7 7,m#aab7 ,9 ! ,ea/ t indiff]5ce to human life :i* seems s /range to ! ,we/]n m9d (t5 takes a peculi> =m4 ,a man w sometimes kill himself m]ely 9 ord] to be rev5g$ on 8 foe1 believ+ t 8 gho/ w haunt & torm5t ! survivor1 or expect+ t puni%m5t ( "s sort w ov]take ! wret* :o drove him to ?is extreme /ep47#cib7 ,among "s peoples etiquette requires t if a man commits suicide = ?is purpose1 8 enemy %\ld at once foll[ 8 example4 ,to take a s+le example4 ,!re is a ca/e ( robb]s 9 s\!rn ,india among :om 8! law ( retaliation prevails 9 all its rig\r4 ,if a qu>rel takes place1 & somebody te>s out 8 own eye or kills himself1 8 adv]s>y mu/ d ! same ei!r to himself or to "o ( 8 relations4 ,! wom5 c>ry ?is b>b>ity /ill fur!r4 ,= a slight affront put on !m1 a %>p ^w said to !m1 !y w g & sma% _! head aga9/ ! door ( h] :o (f5d$ !m1 & ! latt] is oblig$ imm$iately to d ! same4 ,if a woman poisons h]self by dr9k+ ! juice ( a poison\s h]b1 ! o!r woman :o drove h] to ?is viol5t dea? mu/ poison h]self likewise2 else h] h\se w be burn$1 h] cattle c>ri$ (f1 & injuries ( all k9ds done h] until satisfaction is giv54 ,!y ext5d ?is cruelty ev5 to _! own *ildr54 ,n long ago1 a few /eps f ! *ur* 9 :i* ,i h ! hon\r to write to y1 two ( ^! b>b>ians hav+ qu>rell$1 "o ( !m ran to 8 h\se1 took f x a *ild ( ab\t f\r ye>s1 & cru%$ its head betwe5 two /ones 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 enemy4 ,! latt]1 )\t exhibit+ any emotion1 took 8 n9e-ye>s' old daught]1 &1 plung+ a dagg] into h] brea/1 said1 #8,y\r *ild 0 only f\r ye>s old1 m9e 0 n9e ye>s old4 ,give me a victim to equal h]4' #8,c]ta9ly1' repli$ ! o!r1 & see+ at 8 side 8 elde/ son1 :o 0 ready to be m>ri$1 he /abb$ him f\r or five times ) 8 dagg]2 &1 n cont5t ) %$d+ ! blood ( 8 two sons1 he kill$ 8 wife too1 9 ord] to oblige 8 enemy to murd] 8 wife 9 l mann]4 ,la/ly1 a little girl & a baby at ! brea/ _h also _! ?roats cut1 s t 9 a s+le day sev5 p]sons 7 sacrific$ to ! v5geance ( two blood?ir/y m51 m cruel ?an ! mo/ f]oci\s brutes4 ,i h actually 9 my *ur* a "y man :o s\ght refuge among u1 w\nd$ by a spe>-?ru/ :i* 8 fa!r inflict$ on him 9 ord] to kill him & ?us oblige 8 foe to slay 8 own son 9 l mann]4 ,! b>b>ian _h already /abb$ two ( 8 *ildr5 on o!r occasions = ! same purpose4 ,su* atroci\s examples w seem to y to p>take m ( fable ?an ( tru?2 b believe me t f> f exagg]at+1 ,i c\ld produce _m o!rs n less tragical407#cic7 7,m#aac7 ,! same contempt ( dea? :i* _m races h exhibit$ 9 mod]n times 0 display$ 9 antiquity by ! h>dy natives ( ,europe be=e ,*ri/ianity _h pa9t$ ! _w beyond ! grave 9 col\rs at :i* ev5 _! bold spirits quail$4 ,?us1 = example1 at _! banquets ! rude ,?racians us$ to susp5d a halt] ov] a movable /one & ca/ lots among !mselves4 ,! man on :om ! lot fell m\nt$ ! /one ) a scimit> 9 8 h& & ?ru/ 8 head into ! noose4 ,a comrade !n roll$ ! /one f "u him1 & :ile he did s ! o!r attempt$ to sev] ! rope ) 8 scimit>4 ,if he succe$$ he dropp$ to ! gr\nd & 0 sav$2 if he fail$1 he 0 hang$1 & 8 dy+ /ruggles 7 greet$ ) peals ( laught] by 8 fell[s1 :o reg>d$ ! :ole ?+ z a capital joke47#cid7 ,! ,greek travell] ,posidonius1 :o visit$ ,gaul e>ly 9 ! fir/ c5tury be=e our era1 records t among ! ,celts m5 7 to be f\nd :o = a sum ( money or a numb] ( j>s ( w9e1 :i* !y di/ribut$ among _! k9sm5 or fri5ds1 w\ld all[ !mselves to be publicly slaught]$ 9 a !atre4 ,!y lay d[n on _! backs ^u a %ield & a man came & cut _! ?roats ) a sword47#cie7 7,m#aad7 ,a ,greek au?or1 ,euphorion ( ,*alcis1 :o liv$ 9 ! age :5 ! eyes ( all ! _w 7 turn$ on ! great conflict betwe5 ,rome & ,c>?age = ! ma/]y ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 tells u t at ,rome x 0 cu/om>y to adv]tise = m5 :o w\ld cons5t to be behead$ ) an axe 9 consid]ation ( receiv+ a sum ( five m9ae1 or ab\t tw5ty p\nds ( our money1 to be paid aft] _! dea? to _! heirs4 ,app>5tly !re 0 no lack ( applicants = ?is h>d-e>n$ b\nty2 = we are in=m$ t sev]al c&idates w\ld (t5 compete = ! privilege1 ea* ( !m argu+ t he _h ! be/ "r to be cudgell$ to dea?47#cif7 ,:y 7 ^! m5 invit$ to be behead$ = tw5ty p\nds a piece8 & :y 9 response to ! invitation did !y gratuit\sly1 z x w\ld seem1 express _! read9ess to suff] a mu* m pa9ful dea? ?an simple decapitation8 ,! reasons are n /at$ by ,euphorion 9 ! brief extract quot$ f 8 "w by ,a!naeus1 ! ,greek writ] :o has also pres]v$ = u ! te/imony ( ,posidonius to ! ,gallic recklessness ( life4 ,b ! connexion 9 :i* ,a!naeus cites bo? ^! passages sugge/s t ! int5tion ( ! ,roman z ( ! ,gallic practice 0 m]ely to m9i/] to ! brutal pleasure ( ! spectators2 = he ins]ts 8 acc\nt ( ! cu/oms 9 a diss]tation on banquets1 & he _h j be=e describ$ h[ hir$ ruffians f\ght & but*]$ ea* o!r at ,roman d9n]-p>ties = ! amusem5t ( ! tipsy gue/s47#cig7 ,or p]haps ! m5 7 want$ to be slaught]$ at fun]als1 = we "k t at ,rome a cu/om =m]ly prevail$ ( sacrific+ human be+s at ! tomb3 ! victims 7 commonly captives or slaves17#cih7 b !y may sometimes h be5 obta9$ by adv]tisem5t f among ! class ( ne$y freem54 ,su* wret*es 9 bidd+ aga9/ ea* o!r may h plead$ z a reason = giv+ !m ! pref]5ce t !y really des]v$ = _! crimes to die a sl[ & pa9ful dea? "u ! cudgel ( ! execution]4 ,?is explanation ( ! cu/om1 :i* ,i owe to my fri5d ,mr4 ,w4 ,wyse1 is p]haps ! mo/ probable4 ,b x is also possible1 ?\gh ! language ( ,euphorion does n l5d itself s well to ?is int]pretation1 t a cudgell+ prec$$ decapitation z "p ( ! b>ga94 ,if t 0 s1 x w\ld seem t ! m5 7 want$ to die z sub/itutes = condemn$ crim9als2 = 9 old ,rome capital puni%m5t 0 regul>ly inflict$ 9 ?is fa%ion1 ! malefactors be+ ti$ up to a po/ & sc\rg$ ) rods be=e !y 7 behead$ ) an axe47#cii7 ,!re is no?+ improbable 9 ! view t p]sons c\ld be hir$ to suff] ! extreme p5alty ( ! law in/ead ( ! real culprits4 ,we %all see t a volunt>y sub/itution ( ! same sort is report$ on app>5tly good au?ority to be /ill occasionally practis$ 9 ,*9a4 ,h[ev]1 x is immat]ial to our purpose :e!r ^! m5 p]i%$ to save o!rs1 to adorn a fun]al1 or m]ely to gratify ! ,roman lu/ = blood4 ,! "o ?+ t conc]ns u is t 9 ! great age ( ,rome !re 7 to be f\nd ,romans will+1 nay1 eag] to b>t] _! lives = a paltry sum ( money ( :i* !y 7 n ev5 to h ! enjoym5t4 ,no wond] t m5 made ( t /uff f\nd$ a great empire1 & spread ! t]ror ( ! ,roman arms f ! ,grampians to ! tropics47#djj7 7,m#aae7 ,! comp>ative indiff]5ce ) :i* ! ,*9ese reg>d _! lives is atte/$ by ! read9ess ) :i* !y commit suicide on gr\nds :i* (t5 seem to ! ,european extremely trifl+47#dja7 ,a /ill m /rik+ pro( ( _! apa?y 9 ?is respect is furni%$ by ! read9ess ) :i* 9 ,*9a a man c be induc$ to suff] dea? = a sum ( money to be paid to 8 relatives4 ,?us1 = example1 8"o ( ! mo/ weal?y ( ! aborig9al tribes1 call$ ,%urii-,kia-,miau1 is rem>kable = ! practice ( a s+ul> & revolt+ religi\s c]emony4 ,! p possess a l>ge temple1 9 :i* is an idol 9 ! =m ( a dog4 ,!y resort to ?is %r9e on a c]ta9 day e ye> to wor%ip4 ,at ?is annual religi\s fe/ival x is1 ,i believe1 cu/om>y = ! weal?y memb]s ( ! tribe to ent]ta9 _! poor] bre?r5 at a banquet giv5 9 hon\r ( "o :o has agre$1 = a sum ( money paid to 8 family1 to all[ himself to be (f]$ z a sacrifice on ! alt> ( ! dog idol4 ,at ! end ( ! banquet ! victim1 hav+ drunk w9e freely1 is put to dea? be=e ! idol4 ,?is p believe t1 7 !y to neglect ?is rite1 !y w\ld be visit$ ) pe/il5ce1 fam9e1 or ! sword407#djb7 ,fur!r1 x is said t 9 ,*9a a man condemn$ to dea? c procure a sub/itute1 :o1 = a small sum1 w volunt>ily cons5t to be execut$ 9 8 /ead4 ,! money goes to ! sub/itute's k9sfolk1 & s9ce to increase ! family prosp]ity at ! exp5se ( p]sonal suff]+ is reg>d$ by ! ,*9ese z an act ( ! highe/ virtue1 !re is report$ to be1 j z !re us$ to be 9 anci5t ,rome1 q a competition among ! c&idates = dea?4 ,su* a sub/itution is ev5 recognis$ by ! ,*9ese au?orities1 except 9 ! case ( c]ta9 grave crimes1 z = in/ance p>ricide4 ,! local m&>9 is probably n av]se to ! arrangem5t1 = he is said to make a pecuni>y pr(it by ! transaction1 engag+ a sub/itute = a less sum ?an he receiv$ f ! condemn$ man1 & pocket+ ! diff]5ce47#djc7 7,m#aaf7 ,! =ego+ evid5ce may suffice to conv9ce u t we %\ld commit a griev\s error 7 we to judge all m5's love ( life by our own1 & to assume t o!rs _c hold *eap :at we c\nt s de>4 ,we %all nev] und]/& ! long c\rse ( human hi/ory if we p]si/ 9 measur+ mank9d 9 all ages & 9 all c\ntries by ! /&>d1 p]haps excell5t b c]ta9ly n>r[1 ( ! mod]n ,engli% middle class ) _! love ( mat]ial com=t & 8_! passionate1 absorb+1 almo/ blood?ir/y cl++ to life40 ,t class1 ( :i* ,i may say1 9 ! words ( ,mat!w ,arnold1 t ,i am myself a feeble unit1 d\btless possesses _m e/imable qualities1 b among !m c h>dly be reckon$ ! r>e & delicate gift ( hi/orical imag9ation1 ! p[] ( ent]+ into ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( m5 ( o!r ages & o!r c\ntries1 ( conceiv+ t !y may regulate _! life by pr9ciples :i* d n squ>e ) ours1 & may ?r[ x away = objects :i* to u might seem ridicul\sly inadequate47#djd7 7,m#aag7 ,to return1 !re=e1 to ! po9t f :i* we />t$1 we may safely assume t 9 "s races1 & at "s p]iods ( hi/ory1 ?\gh c]ta9ly n 9 ! well-to-d classes ( ,engl& to-day1 x might be easy to f9d m5 :o w\ld will+ly accept a k+dom ) ! c]ta9ty ( be+ put to dea? aft] a reign ( a ye> or less4 ,:]e m5 are ready1 z !y h be5 9 ,gaul1 9 ,rome1 & 9 ,*9a1 to yield up _! lives at once = a paltry sum ( :i* !y are !mselves to reap no b5efit1 w\ld !y n be will+ to pur*ase at ! same price a ye>'s t5ure ( a ?rone8 ,among p ( t sort ! difficulty w\ld probably be n s mu* to f9d a c&idate = ! cr[n z to decide betwe5 ! conflict+ claims ( a multitude ( competitors4 ,9 po9t ( fact we h he>d ( a ,%illuk clam\r+ to be made k+ on condition ( be+ kill$ at ! end ( a brief reign ( a s+le day1 & we h read h[ 9 ,malab> a cr[d scrambl$ = ! bloody head :i* entitl$ ! lucky man :o caught x to be decapitat$ aft] five ye>s ( unlimit$ enjoym5t1 & h[ at ,calicut _m m5 us$ to ru% *e]fully on dea?1 n = a k+%ip ( a ye>1 or ev5 ( an h\r1 b m]ely = ! hon\r ( display+ _! val\r 9 a fruitless attack on ! k+47#dje7 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,tempor>y ,,k+s4 7,m#aah7 ,9 "s places ! modifi$ =m ( ! old cu/om ( regicide :i* appe>s to h prevail$ at ,babylon7#djf7 has be5 fur!r s(t5$ d[n4 ,! k+ /ill abdicates annually = a %ort "t & 8 place is fill$ by a m or less nom9al sov]eign2 b at ! close ( 8 %ort reign ! latt] is no long] kill$1 ?\gh sometimes a mock execution /ill survives z a memorial ( ! "t :5 he 0 actually put to dea?4 ,to take examples4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,mac 7,febru>y7 ! k+ ( ,cambodia annually abdicat$ = ?ree days4 ,dur+ ?is "t he p]=m$ no act ( au?ority1 he did n t\* ! seals1 he did n ev5 receive ! rev5ues :i* fell due4 ,9 8 /ead !re reign$ a tempor>y k+ call$ ,sda* ,mac1 t is1 ,k+ ,febru>y4 ,! (fice ( tempor>y k+ 0 h]$it>y 9 a family di/antly connect$ ) ! royal h\se1 ! sons succe$+ ! fa!rs & ! y\ng] bro!rs ! eld] bro!rs1 j z 9 ! succession to ! real sov]eignty4 ,on a fav\rable day fix$ by ! a/rolog]s ! tempor>y k+ 0 conduct$ by ! m&>9s 9 triumphal procession4 ,he rode "o ( ! royal elephants1 seat$ 9 ! royal palanqu91 & escort$ by soldi]s :o1 dress$ 9 appropriate co/umes1 repres5t$ ! neighb\r+ peoples ( ,siam1 ,annam1 ,laos1 & s on4 ,9 place ( ! gold5 cr[n he wore a peak$ :ite cap1 & 8 regalia1 in/ead ( be+ ( gold encru/$ ) diamonds1 7 ( r\gh wood4 ,aft] pay+ homage to ! real k+1 f :om he receiv$ ! sov]eignty = ?ree days1 toge!r ) all ! rev5ues accru+ dur+ t "t 7?\gh ?is la/ cu/om has be5 omitt$ = "s "t71 he mov$ 9 procession r\nd ! palace & ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! capital4 ,on ! ?ird day1 aft] ! usual procession1 ! tempor>y k+ gave ord]s t ! elephants %\ld trample "u foot ! 8m\nta9 ( rice10 :i* 0 a scaffold ( bamboo surr\nd$ by %eaves ( rice4 ,! p ga!r$ up ! rice1 ea* man tak+ home a little ) him to secure a good h>ve/4 ,"s ( x 0 also tak5 to ! k+1 :o _h x cook$ & pres5t$ to ! monks47#djg7 7,m#aai7 ,9 ,siam on ! six? day ( ! moon 9 ! six? mon? 7! end ( ,april7 a tempor>y k+ is appo9t$1 :o = ?ree days enjoys ! royal pr]ogatives1 ! real k+ rema9+ %ut up 9 8 palace4 ,?is tempor>y k+ s5ds 8 num]\s satellites 9 all directions to seize & confiscate :atev] !y c f9d 9 ! baza> & op5 %ops2 ev5 ! %ips & junks :i* arrive 9 h>b\r dur+ ! ?ree days are =feit$ to him & mu/ be r$eem$4 ,he goes to a field 9 ! middle ( ! city1 :i!r !y br+ a gild$ pl\gh drawn by gaily-deck$ ox54 ,aft] ! pl\gh has be5 ano9t$ & ! ox5 rubb$ ) inc5se1 ! mock k+ traces n9e furr[s ) ! pl\gh1 foll[$ by ag$ dames ( ! palace scatt]+ ! fir/ se$ ( ! season4 ,z soon z ! n9e furr[s are drawn1 ! cr[d ( spectators ru%es 9 & scrambles = ! se$ :i* has j be5 s[n1 believ+ t1 mix$ ) ! se$-rice1 x w ensure a pl5tiful crop4 ,!n ! ox5 are unyok$1 & rice1 maize1 sesame1 sago1 bananas1 sug>-cane1 melons1 & s on1 are set be=e !m2 :atev] !y eat fir/ w1 x is ?\ght1 be de> 9 ! ye> foll[+1 ?\gh "s p int]pret ! om5 9 ! opposite s5se4 ,dur+ ?is "t ! tempor>y k+ /&s lean+ aga9/ a tree ) 8 "r foot re/+ on 8 left knee4 ,f /&+ ?us on "o foot he is popul>ly kn[n z ,k+ ,hop2 b 8 (ficial title is ,phaya ,pholla!p1 8,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s407#djh7 ,he is a sort ( ,m9i/] ( ,agriculture2 all disputes ab\t fields1 rice1 & s =?1 are ref]r$ to him4 ,!re is moreov] ano!r c]emony 9 :i* he p]sonates ! k+4 ,x takes place 9 ! second mon? 7:i* falls 9 ! cold season7 & la/s ?ree days4 ,he is conduct$ 9 procession to an op5 place opposite ! ,temple ( ! ,brahmans1 :]e !re are a numb] ( poles dress$ l ,may-poles1 ^u :i* ! ,brahmans sw+4 ,all ! :ile t !y sw+ & dance1 ! ,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s has to /& on "o foot ^u a seat :i* is made ( bricks pla/]$ ov]1 cov]$ ) a :ite clo?1 & hung ) tape/ry4 ,he is support$ by a wood5 frame ) a gilt canopy1 & two ,brahmans /& "o on ea* side ( him4 ,! danc+ ,brahmans c>ry buffalo horns ) :i* !y draw wat] f a l>ge copp] caldron & spr9kle x on ! spectators2 ?is is suppos$ to br+ good luck1 caus+ ! p to dwell 9 peace & quiet1 heal? & prosp]ity4 ,! "t dur+ :i* ! ,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s has to /& on "o foot is ab\t ?ree h\rs4 ,?is is ?\ght 8to prove ! dispositions ( ! ,devattas & spirits40 ,if he lets 8 foot d[n 8he is liable to =feit 8 prop]ty & h 8 family enslav$ by ! k+2 z x is believ$ to be a bad om51 port5d+ de/ruction to ! /ate1 & in/ability to ! ?rone4 ,b if he /& firm he is believ$ to h ga9$ a victory ov] evil spirits1 & he has moreov] ! privilege1 o/5sibly at lea/1 ( seiz+ any %ip :i* may ent] ! h>b\r dur+ ^! ?ree days1 & tak+ its cont5ts1 & also ( ent]+ any op5 %op 9 ! t[n & c>ry+ away :at he *ooses407#dji7 7,m#abj7 ,su* 7 ! duties & privileges ( ! ,siamese ,k+ ,hop d[n to ab\t ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury or lat]4 ,"u ! reign ( ! late enlight5$ mon>* ?is qua9t p]sonage 0 to "s ext5t bo? %orn ( ! glories & reliev$ ( ! burd5 ( 8 (fice4 ,he /ill wat*es1 z ( old1 ! ,brahmans ru%+ ?r\gh ! air 9 a sw+ susp5d$ betwe5 two tall ma/s1 ea* "s n9ety feet high2 b he is all[$ to sit in/ead ( /&1 &1 al?\gh public op9ion /ill expects him to keep 8 "r foot on 8 left knee dur+ ! :ole ( ! c]emony1 he w\ld incur no legal p5alty 7 he1 to ! great *agr9 ( ! p1 to put 8 we>y foot to ! gr\nd4 ,o!r signs1 too1 tell ( ! invasion ( ! ,ea/ by ! ideas & civilisation ( ! ,we/4 ,! ?or\ghf>es t lead to ! sc5e ( ! p]=mance are block$ ) c>riages3 lamp-po/s & telegraph po/s1 to :i* eag] spectators cl+ l monkeys1 rise above ! d5se cr[d2 &1 :ile a tatt]demalion b& ( ! old /yle1 9 gaudy g>b ( v]milion & yell[1 bangs & tootles away on drums & trumpets ( an antique patt]n1 ! procession ( b>efoot$ soldi]s 9 brilliant uni=ms /eps briskly along to ! lively /ra9s ( a mod]n milit>y b& play+ 8,m>*+ ?r\gh ,georgia407#daj7 7,m#aba7 ,on ! fir/ day ( ! six? mon?1 :i* 0 reg>d$ z ! beg9n+ ( ! ye>1 ! k+ & p ( ,sam>ac& us$ to put on new clo!s & cut _! hair & be>ds4 ,!n !y repair$ to a =e/ ne> ! capital :]e !y %ot arr[s on horseback = sev5 days4 ,on ! la/ day ! t>get 0 a gold co91 & he :o hit x _h ! "r to be k+ = "o day47#daa7 ,9 ,upp] ,egypt on ! fir/ day ( ! sol> ye> by ,coptic reckon+1 t is1 on ! t5? ( ,septemb]1 :5 ! ,nile has g5]ally rea*$ its highe/ po9t1 ! regul> gov]nm5t is susp5d$ = ?ree days & e t[n *ooses its own rul]4 ,?is tempor>y "l we>s a sort ( tall fool's cap & a long flax5 be>d1 & is envelop$ 9 a /range mantle4 ,) a w& ( (fice 9 8 h& & att5d$ by m5 disguis$ z scribes1 execution]s1 & s =?1 he proce$s to ! ,gov]nor's h\se4 ,! latt] all[s himself to be depos$2 & ! mock k+1 m\nt+ ! ?rone1 holds a tribunal1 to ! decisions ( :i* ev5 ! gov]nor & 8 (ficials mu/ b[4 ,aft] ?ree days ! mock k+ is condemn$ to dea?2 ! envelope or %ell 9 :i* he 0 encas$ is committ$ to ! flames1 & f its a%es ! ,fellah creeps =?47#dab7 ,! cu/om p]haps po9ts to an old practice ( burn+ a real k+ 9 grim e>ne/4 ,9 ,ug&a ! bro!rs ( ! k+ us$ to be burn$1 because x 0 n lawful to %$ ! royal blood47#dac7 7,m#abb7 ,! ,mohamm$an /ud5ts ( ,fez1 9 ,morocco1 are all[$ to appo9t a sultan ( _! own1 :o reigns = a few weeks1 & is kn[n z ,sultan t-tulba1 8! ,sultan ( ! ,scribes40 ,?is brief au?ority is put up = auction & knock$ d[n to ! highe/ bidd]4 ,x br+s "s sub/antial privileges ) x1 = ! hold] is fre$ f taxes !nce=w>d1 & he has ! "r ( ask+ a fav\r f ! real sultan4 ,t fav\r is seldom refus$2 x usually consi/s 9 ! release ( a prison]4 ,moreov]1 ! ag5ts ( ! /ud5t-sultan levy f9es on ! %opkeep]s & h\sehold]s1 aga9/ :om !y trump up v>i\s humor\s *>ges4 ,! tempor>y sultan is surr\nd$ ) ! pomp ( a real c\rt1 & p>ades ! /reets 9 /ate ) music & %\t+1 :ile a royal umbrella is held ov] 8 head4 ,) ! s-call$ f9es & free-w (f]+s1 to :i* ! real sultan adds a lib]al supply ( provisions1 ! /ud5ts h en\gh to furni% =? a magnific5t banquet2 & altoge!r !y enjoy !mselves ?or\ghly1 indulg+ 9 all k9ds ( games & amusem5ts4 ,= ! fir/ sev5 days ! mock sultan rema9s 9 ! college2 !n he goes ab\t a mile out ( ! t[n & encamps on ! bank ( ! riv]1 att5d$ by ! /ud5ts & n a few ( ! citiz5s4 ,on ! sev5? day ( 8 /ay outside ! t[n he is visit$ by ! real sultan1 :o grants him 8 reque/ & gives him sev5 m days to reign1 s t ! reign ( 8! ,sultan ( ! ,scribes0 nom9ally la/s ?ree weeks4 ,b :5 six days ( ! la/ week h pass$ ! mock sultan runs back to ! t[n by night4 ,?is tempor>y sultan%ip always falls 9 spr+1 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,april4 ,its orig9 is said to h be5 z foll[s4 ,:5 ,mulai ,ra%e$ ,,ii4 0 fight+ = ! ?rone 9 #affd or #affe1 a c]ta9 ,jew usurp$ ! royal au?ority at ,taza4 ,b ! rebellion 0 soon suppress$ ?r\gh ! loyalty & devotion ( ! /ud5ts4 ,to effect _! purpose !y resort$ to an +5i\s /ratagem4 ,=ty ( !m caus$ !mselves to be pack$ 9 *e/s :i* 7 s5t z a pres5t to ! usurp]4 ,9 ! dead ( night1 :ile ! unsuspect+ ,jew 0 slumb]+ peacefully among ! pack+-cases1 ! lids 7 /eal?ily rais$1 ! brave =ty crept =?1 slew ! usurp]1 & took possession ( ! city 9 ! "n ( ! real sultan1 :o1 to m>k 8 gratitude = ! help ?us r5d]$ him 9 "t ( ne$1 conf]r$ on ! /ud5ts ! "r ( annually appo9t+ a sultan ( _! own47#dad7 ,! n>rative has all ! air ( a fiction devis$ to expla9 an old cu/om1 ( :i* ! real mean+ & orig9 _h be5 =gott54 7,m#abc7 ,a cu/om ( annually appo9t+ a mock k+ = a s+le day 0 obs]v$ at ,lo/)iel 9 ,cornwall d[n to ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,on 8little ,ea/] ,sunday0 ! freehold]s ( ! t[n & manor assembl$ toge!r1 ei!r 9 p]son or by _! deputies1 & "o among !m1 z x fell to 8 lot by turn1 gaily attir$ & gallantly m\nt$1 ) a cr[n on 8 head1 a sceptre 9 8 h&1 & a sword borne be=e him1 rode ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reet to ! *ur*1 dutifully att5d$ by all ! re/ on horseback4 ,! cl]gyman 9 8 be/ robes receiv$ him at ! *ur*y>d /ile & conduct$ him to he> div9e s]vice4 ,on leav+ ! *ur* he repair$1 ) ! same pomp1 to a h\se provid$ = 8 reception4 ,"h a fea/ await$ him & 8 suite1 & be+ set at ! head ( ! table he 0 s]v$ on b5d$ knees1 ) all ! rites due to ! e/ate ( a pr9ce4 ,! c]emony end$ ) ! d9n]1 & e man return$ home47#dae7 7,m#abd7 ,sometimes ! tempor>y k+ occupies ! ?rone1 n annually1 b once = all at ! beg9n+ ( ea* reign4 ,?us 9 ! k+dom ( ,jambi1 9 ,sumatra1 x is ! cu/om t at ! beg9n+ ( a new reign a man ( ! p %\ld occupy ! ?rone & ex]cise ! royal pr]ogatives = a s+le day4 ,! orig9 ( ! cu/om is expla9$ by a tradition t !re 7 once five royal bro!rs1 ! f\r eld] ( :om all decl9$ ! ?rone on ! gr\nd ( v>i\s bodily defects1 leav+ x to _! y\nge/ bro!r4 ,b ! elde/ occupi$ ! ?rone = "o day1 & res]v$ = 8 desc5dants a simil> privilege at ! beg9n+ ( e reign4 ,?us ! (fice ( tempor>y k+ is h]$it>y 9 a family ak9 to ! royal h\se47#daf7 ,9 ,bilaspur x seems to be ! cu/om1 aft] ! dea? ( a ,rajah1 = a ,brahman to eat rice out ( ! dead ,rajah's h&1 & !n to occupy ! ?rone = a ye>4 ,at ! end ( ! ye> ! ,brahman receives pres5ts & is dismiss$ f ! t]ritory1 be+ =bidd5 app>5tly to return4 8,! idea seems to be t ! _s ( ! ,rj ent]s into ! ,brhman :o eats ! khr 7rice & milk7 out ( 8 h& :5 he is dead1 z ! ,brahman is app>5tly c>efully wat*$ dur+ ! :ole ye>1 & n all[$ to g away40 ,! same or a simil> cu/om is believ$ to obta9 among ! hill /ates ab\t ,kangra47#dag7 ,! cu/om ( bani%+ ! ,brahman :o repres5ts ! k+ may be a sub/itute = putt+ him to dea?4 ,at ! in/allation ( a pr9ce ( ,c>9?ia a peasant1 9 ^: family ! (fice 0 h]$it>y1 asc5d$ a m>ble /one :i* /ood surr\nd$ by mead[s 9 a spaci\s valley2 on 8 "r /ood a black "m-c[1 on 8 left a lean ugly m>e4 ,a ru/ic cr[d ga!r$ ab\t him4 ,!n ! future pr9ce1 dress$ z a peasant & c>ry+ a %eph]d's /aff1 drew ne>1 att5d$ by c\rti]s & magi/rates4 ,on p]ceiv+ him ! peasant call$ out1 8,:o is ?is :om ,i see com+ s pr\dly along80 ,! p answ]$1 8,! pr9ce ( ! l&40 ,! peasant 0 !n prevail$ on to surr5d] ! m>ble seat to ! pr9ce on condition ( receiv+ sixty p5ce1 ! c[ & m>e1 & exemption f taxes4 ,b be=e yield+ 8 place he gave ! pr9ce a light bl[ on ! *eek47#dah7 7,m#abe7 ,"s po9ts ab\t ^! tempor>y k+s des]ve to be specially notic$ be=e we pass to ! next bran* ( ! evid5ce4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! ,cambodian & ,siamese examples %ew cle>ly t x is especially ! div9e or magical functions ( ! k+ :i* are transf]r$ to 8 tempor>y sub/itute4 ,?is appe>s f ! belief t by keep+ up 8 foot ! tempor>y k+ ( ,siam ga9$ a victory ov] ! evil spirits1 :]eas by lett+ x d[n he imp]ill$ ! exi/5ce ( ! /ate4 ,aga91 ! ,cambodian c]emony ( trampl+ d[n ! 8m\nta9 ( rice10 & ! ,siamese c]emony ( op5+ ! pl\gh+ & s[+1 are *>ms to produce a pl5tiful h>ve/1 z appe>s f ! belief t ^? :o c>ry home "s ( ! trampl$ rice1 or ( ! se$ s[n1 w !reby secure a good crop4 ,moreov]1 :5 ! ,siamese repres5tative ( ! k+ is guid+ ! pl\gh1 ! p wat* him anxi\sly1 n to see :e!r he drives a /raight furr[1 b to m>k ! exact po9t on 8 leg to :i* ! skirt ( 8 silk5 robe rea*es2 = on t is suppos$ to hang ! /ate ( ! wea!r & ! crops dur+ ! ensu+ season4 ,if ! ,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s hit*es up 8 g>m5t above 8 knee1 ! wea!r w be wet & heavy ra9s w spoil ! h>ve/4 ,if he lets x trail to 8 ankle1 a dr\ght w be ! consequ5ce4 ,b f9e wea!r & heavy crops w foll[ if ! hem ( 8 robe hangs exactly half-way d[n ! calf ( 8 leg47#dai7 ,s closely is ! c\rse ( nature1 & ) x ! weal or woe ( ! p1 dep5d5t on ! m9ute/ act or ge/ure ( ! k+'s repres5tative4 ,b ! task ( mak+ ! crops gr[1 ?us deput$ to ! tempor>y k+s1 is "o ( ! magical functions regul>ly suppos$ to be dis*>g$ by k+s 9 primitive society4 ,! rule t ! mock k+ mu/ /& on "o foot ^u a rais$ seat 9 ! rice-field 0 p]haps orig9ally meant z a *>m to make ! crop gr[ high2 at lea/ ?is 0 ! object ( a simil> c]emony obs]v$ by ! old ,prussians4 ,! talle/ girl1 /&+ on "o foot ^u a seat1 ) h] lap full ( cakes1 a cup ( br&y 9 h] "r h& & a piece ( elm-b>k or l9d5-b>k 9 h] left1 pray$ to ! god ,waizgan?os t ! flax might gr[ z high z %e 0 /&+4 ,!n1 aft] dra9+ ! cup1 %e _h x refill$1 & p\r$ ! br&y on ! gr\nd z an (f]+ to ,waizgan?os1 & ?rew d[n ! cakes = 8 att5dant sprites4 ,if %e rema9$ /eady on "o foot ?r\gh\t ! c]emony1 x 0 an om5 t ! flax crop w\ld be good2 b if %e let h] foot d[n1 x 0 fe>$ t ! crop might fail47#dbj7 ,! same significance p]haps atta*es to ! sw++ ( ! ,brahmans1 :i* ! ,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s _h =m]ly to witness /&+ on "o foot4 ,on ! pr9ciples ( homoeopa?ic or imitative magic x might be ?\ght t ! high] ! prie/s sw+ ! high] w gr[ ! rice4 ,= ! c]emony is describ$ z a h>ve/ fe/ival17#dba7 & sw++ is practis$ by ! ,letts ( ,russia ) ! av[$ int5tion ( influ5c+ ! gr[? ( ! crops4 ,9 ! spr+ & e>ly summ]1 betwe5 ,ea/] & ,/4 ,john's ,day 7! summ] sol/ice71 e ,letti% peasant is said to devote 8 leisure h\rs to sw++ dilig5tly2 = ! high] he rises 9 ! air ! high] w 8 flax gr[ t season47#dbb7 ,! gild$ pl\gh ) :i* ! ,siamese mock k+ op5s ! pl\gh+ may be comp>$ ) ! bronze pl\ghs :i* ! ,etruscans employ$ at ! c]emony ( f\nd+ cities27#dbc7 9 bo? cases ! use ( b>e iron 0 probably =bidd5 on sup]/iti\s gr\nds47#dbd7 7,m#abf7 ,9 ! =ego+ cases ! tempor>y k+ is appo9t$ annually 9 accordance ) a regul> cu/om4 ,b 9 o!r cases ! appo9tm5t is made only to meet a special em]g5cy1 su* z to relieve ! real k+ f "s actual or ?reat5$ evil by div]t+ x to a sub/itute1 :o takes 8 place on ! ?rone = a %ort "t4 ,! hi/ory ( ,p]sia furni%es in/ances ( su* occasional sub/itutes = ! ,%ah4 ,?us ,%ah ,abbas ! ,great1 ! mo/ em95t ( all ! k+s ( ,p]sia1 :o reign$ f #aehf to #afbh ,a4,d41 be+ w>n$ by 8 a/rolog]s 9 ! ye> #aeia t a s]i\s dang] imp5d$ ov] him1 attempt$ to av]t ! om5 by abdicat+ ! ?rone & appo9t+ a c]ta9 unbeliev] nam$ ,yuso(ee1 probably a ,*ri/ian1 to reign 9 8 /ead4 ,! sub/itute 0 accord+ly cr[n$1 & = ?ree days1 if we may tru/ ! ,p]sian hi/orians1 he enjoy$ n only ! "n & ! /ate b ! p[] ( ! k+4 ,at ! end ( 8 brief reign he 0 put to dea?3 ! decree ( ! />s 0 fulfill$ by ?is sacrifice2 & ,abbas1 :o reasc5d$ 8 ?rone 9 a mo/ propiti\s h\r1 0 promis$ by 8 a/rolog]s a long & glori\s reign47#dbe7 ,aga91 ,%ah ,sufi ,,ii41 :o reign$ f #affh to #afid ,a4,d41 0 cr[n$ a second "t & *ang$ 8 "n to ,sulaiman or ,soliman "u ! foll[+ circum/ances3 8,! ,k+1 a few days aft]1 0 out ( dang]1 b ! matt] 0 to re/ore him to p]fect heal?4 ,hav+ be5 always 9 a langui%+ condition1 & 8 physicians nev] able to discov] ! cause ( 8 di/emp]1 he suspect$ t _! ignorance ret>d$ 8 recov]y1 & two or ?ree ( !m 7 !re=e ill treat$4 ,at l5g? ! o!r physicians1 fe>+ x might be _! own turn next1 be?\ght !mselves1 t ,p]sia be+ at ! same "t afflict$ ) a sc>city ( provisions & ! ,k+'s sickness1 ! fault mu/ be 9 ! a/rolog]s1 :o _h n *os5 a fav\rable h\r :5 ! ,k+ 0 set ^u ! ?rone1 & !re=e p]suad$ him t ! c]emony mu/ be p]=m'd aga91 & he *ange 8 "n 9 a m lucky m9ute4 ,! ,k+ & 8 c\ncil approv+ ( _! notion1 ! physicians & a/rolog]s toge!r expect$ ! fir/ un=tunate day1 :i*1 accord+ to _! sup]/ition1 0 to be foll[$ 9 ! ev5+ by a propiti\s h\r4 ,among ! ,gavres1 or orig9al ,p]sians1 ,wor%ipp]s ( ,fire1 !re are "s :o boa/ _! desc5t f ! ,ru/ans1 :o =m]ly reign$ ov] ,p]sia & ,p>?ia4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! a=esaid unlucky day1 !y took "o ( ^! ,gavres ( t ,blood-royal1 & hav+ plac'd him on ! ?rone1 ) 8 back aga9/ a figure t repres5t$ him to ! life1 all ! great m5 ( ! c\rt came to att5d him1 z if he _h be5 _! k+1 p]=m+ all t he comm&$4 ,?is sc5e la/$ till ! fav\rable h\r1 :i* 0 a little be=e sun-sett+1 & !n an (fic] ( ! c\rt came beh9d & cut (f ! head ( ! wood5 /atue ) 8 cymit]1 ! ,gaure !n />t+ up & runn+ away4 ,t v mom5t ! ,k+ came into ! hall1 & ! ,s(y's cap be+ set on 8 head1 & 8 sword girt to 8 side1 he sat d[n on ! ?rone1 *ang+ 8 "n = t ( ,soliman1 :i* 0 p]=m'd ) ! usual c]emonies1 ! drums beat+ & trumpets s\nd+ z be=e4 ,x 0 requisite to act ?is f>ce1 9 ord] to satisfy ! law1 :i* requires t 9 ord] to *ange 8 "n & take possession ( ! ?rone aga9 he mu/ expel a pr9ce t _h usurp$ x ^u "s pret5sions2 & !re=e !y made *oice ( a ,gaure1 :o pret5d$ to be desc5d$ f ! anci5t k+s ( ,p]sia1 & 0 besides ( a diff]5t religion f t ( ! gov]nm5t407#dbf7 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,sacrifice ,,( ,,! ,,k+',s ,,son4 7,m#abg7 ,a po9t to notice ab\t ! tempor>y k+s describ$ 9 ! =ego+ *apt] is t 9 two places 7,cambodia & ,jambi7 !y come ( a /ock :i* is believ$ to be ak9 to ! royal family4 ,if ! view "h tak5 ( ! orig9 ( ^! tempor>y k+%ips is correct1 we c easily und]/& :y ! k+'s sub/itute %\ld sometimes be ( ! same race z ! k+4 ,:5 ! k+ fir/ succe$$ 9 gett+ ! life ( ano!r accept$ z a sacrifice in/ead ( 8 own1 he w\ld h to %ew t ! dea? ( t o!r w\ld s]ve ! purpose q z well z 8 own w\ld h done4 ,n[ x 0 z a god or demigod t ! k+ _h to die2 !re=e ! sub/itute :o di$ = him _h to be inve/$1 at lea/ = ! occasion1 ) ! div9e attributes ( ! k+4 ,?is1 z we h j se51 0 c]ta9ly ! case ) ! tempor>y k+s ( ,siam & ,cambodia2 !y 7 inve/$ ) ! sup]natural functions1 :i* 9 an e>li] /age ( society 7 ! special attributes ( ! k+4 ,b no "o c\ld s well repres5t ! k+ 9 8 div9e "* z 8 son1 :o might be suppos$ to %>e ! div9e afflatus ( 8 fa!r4 ,no "o1 !re=e1 c\ld s appropriately die = ! k+ &1 ?r\gh him1 = ! :ole p1 z ! k+'s son4 7,m#abh7 ,accord+ to tradition1 ,aun or ,on1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 sacrific$ n9e ( 8 sons to ,od9 at ,upsala 9 ord] t 8 own life might be sp>$4 ,aft] he _h sacrific$ 8 second son he receiv$ f ! god an answ] t he %\ld live s long z he gave him "o ( 8 sons e n9? ye>4 ,:5 he _h sacrific$ 8 sev5? son1 he /ill liv$1 b 0 s feeble t he c\ld n walk b _h to be c>ri$ 9 a *air4 ,!n he (f]$ up 8 eigh? son1 & liv$ n9e ye>s m1 ly+ 9 8 b$4 ,aft] t he sacrific$ 8 n9? son1 & liv$ ano!r n9e ye>s1 b s t he drank out ( a horn l a wean$ *ild4 ,he n[ wi%$ to sacrifice 8 only rema9+ son to ,od91 b ! ,sw$es w\ld n all[ him4 ,s he di$ & 0 buri$ 9 a m\nd at ,upsala4 ,! poet ,?iodolf told ! k+'s hi/ory 9 v]se3-- 8,9 ,upsal's t[n ! cruel k+ ,slaught]$ 8 sons at ,od9's %r9e-- ,slaught]$ 8 sons ) cruel knife1 ,to get f ,od9 l5g? ( life4 ,he liv$ until he _h to turn ,8 too?less m\? to ! de]'s horn2 ,& he :o %$ 8 *ildr5's blood ,suck$ ?r\gh ! ox's horn 8 food4 ,at l5g? fell ,dea? has track$ him d[n1 ,sl[ly b sure1 9 ,upsal's t[n407#dbg7 7,m#abi7 ,9 anci5t ,greece !re seems to h be5 at lea/ "o k+ly h\se ( great antiquity ( :i* ! elde/ sons 7 always liable to be sacrific$ 9 room ( _! royal sires4 ,:5 ,x]xes 0 m>*+ ?r\gh ,!ssaly at ! head ( 8 mighty ho/ to attack ! ,sp>tans at ,!rmopylae1 he came to ! t[n ( ,alus4 ,"h he 0 %ewn ! sanctu>y ( ,laphy/ian ,zeus1 ab\t :i* 8 guides told him a /range tale4 ,x ran some:at z foll[s4 ,once ^u a "t ! k+ ( ! c\ntry1 by "n ,a?amas1 m>ri$ a wife ,nephele1 & _h by h] a son call$ ,phrixus & a daught] nam$ ,helle4 ,aft]w>ds he took to himself a second wife call$ ,ino1 by :om he _h two sons1 ,le>*us & ,melic]tes4 ,b 8 second wife 0 jeal\s ( h] /ep-*ildr51 ,phrixus & ,helle1 & plott$ _! dea?4 ,%e w5t ab\t v cunn+ly to compass h] bad end4 ,fir/ ( all %e p]suad$ ! wom5 ( ! c\ntry to roa/ ! se$ corn secretly be=e x 0 committ$ to ! gr\nd4 ,s next ye> no crops came up & ! p di$ ( fam9e4 ,!n ! k+ s5t mess5g]s to ! oracle at ,delphi to enquire ! cause ( ! de>?4 ,b ! wick$ /ep-"m brib$ ! mess5g] to give out z ! answ] ( ! god t ! de>? w\ld nev] cease till ! *ildr5 ( ,a?amas by 8 fir/ wife _h be5 sacrific$ to ,zeus4 ,:5 ,a?amas he>d t1 he s5t = ! *ildr51 :o 7 ) ! %eep4 ,b a ram ) a fleece ( gold op5$ 8 lips1 & speak+ ) ! voice ( a man w>n$ ! *ildr5 ( _! dang]4 ,s !y m\nt$ ! ram & fl$ ) him ov] l& & sea4 ,z !y flew ov] ! sea1 ! girl slipp$ f ! animal's back1 & fall+ into wat] 0 dr[n$4 ,b h] bro!r ,phrixus 0 br\ght safe to ! l& ( ,col*is1 :]e reign$ a *ild ( ! ,sun4 ,phrixus m>ri$ ! k+'s daught]1 & %e bore him a son ,cytisorus4 ,& !re he sacrific$ ! ram ) ! gold5 fleece to ,zeus ! ,god ( ,flight2 b "s w h x t he sacrific$ ! animal to ,laphy/ian ,zeus4 ,! gold5 fleece itself he gave to 8 wife's fa!r1 :o nail$ x to an oak tree1 gu>d$ by a sleepless dragon 9 a sacr$ grove ( ,ares4 ,mean:ile at home an oracle _h comm&$ t ,k+ ,a?amas himself %\ld be sacrific$ z an expiatory (f]+ = ! :ole c\ntry4 ,s ! p deck$ him ) g>l&s l a victim & l$ him to ! alt>1 :]e !y 7 j ab\t to sacrifice him :5 he 0 rescu$ ei!r by 8 gr&son ,cytisorus1 :o arriv$ 9 ! nick ( "t f ,col*is1 or by ,h]cules1 :o br\ght tid+s t ! k+'s son ,phrixus 0 yet alive4 ,?us ,a?amas 0 sav$1 b aft]w>ds he w5t mad1 & mi/ak+ 8 son ,le>*us = a wild bea/ %ot him dead4 ,next he attempt$ ! life ( 8 rema9+ son ,melic]tes1 b ! *ild 0 rescu$ by 8 "m ,ino1 :o ran & ?rew h]self & him f a high rock into ! sea4 ,"m & son 7 *ang$ into m>9e div9ities1 & ! son receiv$ special homage 9 ! isle ( ,t5$os1 :]e babes 7 sacrific$ to him4 ,?us b]eft ( wife & *ildr5 ! unhappy ,a?amas quitt$ 8 c\ntry1 & on enquir+ ( ! oracle :]e he %\ld dwell 0 told to take up 8 abode :]ev] he %\ld be ent]ta9$ by wild bea/s4 ,he fell 9 ) a pack ( wolves dev\r+ %eep1 & :5 !y saw him !y fl$ & left him ! ble$+ remnants ( _! prey4 ,9 ?is way ! oracle 0 fulfill$4 ,b because ,k+ ,a?amas _h n be5 sacrific$ z a s9-(f]+ = ! :ole c\ntry1 x 0 div9ely decre$ t ! elde/ male scion ( 8 family 9 ea* g5]ation %\ld be sacrific$ )\t fail1 if ev] he set foot 9 ! t[n-hall1 :]e ! (f]+s 7 made to ,laphy/ian ,zeus by "o ( ! h\se ( ,a?amas4 ,_m ( ! family1 ,x]xes 0 in=m$1 _h fl$ to =eign l&s to escape ?is doom2 b "s ( !m _h return$ long aft]w>ds1 & be+ caught by ! s5t9els 9 ! act ( ent]+ ! t[n-hall 7 wrea!d z victims1 l$ =? 9 procession1 & sacrific$47#dbh7 ,^! in/ances appe> to h be5 notori\s1 if n frequ5t2 = ! writ] ( a dialogue attribut$ to ,plato1 aft] speak+ ( ! immolation ( human victims by ! ,c>?ag9ians1 adds t su* practices 7 n unkn[n among ! ,greeks1 & he ref]s ) horror to ! sacrifices (f]$ on ,m\nt ,lycaeus & by ! desc5dants ( ,a?amas47#dbi7 7,m#acj7 ,! suspicion t ?is b>b>\s cu/om by no means fell into disuse ev5 9 lat] days is /r5g!n$ by a case ( human sacrifice :i* occurr$ 9 ,plut>*'s "t at ,or*om5us1 a v anci5t city ( ,boeotia1 di/ant only a few miles across ! pla9 f ! hi/orian's bir?place4 ,"h dwelt a family ( :i* ! m5 w5t by ! "n ( ,psoloeis or 8,sooty10 & ! wom5 by ! "n ( ,oleae or 8,de/ructive40 ,e ye> at ! fe/ival ( ! ,agrionia ! prie/ ( ,dionysus pursu$ ^! wom5 ) a drawn sword1 & if he ov]took "o ( !m he _h ! "r to slay h]4 ,9 ,plut>*'s lifetime ! "r 0 actually ex]cis$ by a prie/ ,zoilus4 ,n[ ! family ?us liable to furni% at lea/ "o human victim e ye> 0 ( royal desc5t1 = !y trac$ _! l9eage to ,m9yas1 ! fam\s old k+ ( ,or*om5us1 ! mon>* ( fabul\s weal?1 ^: /ately treasury1 z x is call$1 /ill /&s 9 ru9s at ! po9t :]e ! long rocky hill ( ,or*om5us melts into ! va/ level expanse ( ! ,copaic pla94 ,tradition ran t ! k+'s ?ree daught]s long despis$ ! o!r wom5 ( ! c\ntry = yield+ to ! ,bac*ic fr5zy1 & sat at home 9 ! k+'s h\se scornfully ply+ ! di/aff & ! loom1 :ile ! re/1 wrea!d ) fl[]s1 _! di%evell$ locks /ream+ to ! w9d1 roam$ 9 ec/asy ! b>r5 m\nta9s t rise above ,or*om5us1 mak+ ! solitude ( ! hills to e*o to ! wild music ( cymbals & tamb\r9es4 ,b 9 "t ! div9e fury infect$ ev5 ! royal damsels 9 _! quiet *amb]2 !y 7 seiz$ ) a fi]ce long+ to p>take ( human fle%1 & ca/ lots among !mselves :i* %\ld give up h] *ild to furni% a cannibal fea/4 ,! lot fell on ,leucippe1 & %e surr5d]$ h] son ,hippasus1 :o 0 torn limb f limb by ! ?ree4 ,f ^! misguid$ wom5 sprang ! ,oleae & ! ,psoloeis1 ( :om ! m5 7 said to be s call$ because !y wore sad-col\r$ raim5t 9 tok5 ( _! m\rn+ & grief47#dcj7 7,m#aca7 ,n[ ?is practice ( tak+ human victims f a family ( royal desc5t at ,or*om5us is all ! m significant because ,a?amas himself is said to h reign$ 9 ! l& ( ,or*om5us ev5 be=e ! "t ( ,m9yas1 & because ov] aga9/ ! city !re rises ,m\nt ,laphy/ius1 on :i*1 z at ,alus 9 ,!ssaly1 !re 0 a sanctu>y ( ,laphy/ian ,zeus1 :]e1 accord+ to tradition1 ,a?amas purpos$ to sacrifice 8 two *ildr5 ,phrixus & ,helle47#dca7 ,on ! :ole1 comp>+ ! traditions ab\t ,a?amas ) ! cu/om t obta9$ ) reg>d to 8 desc5dants 9 hi/orical times1 we may fairly inf] t 9 ,!ssaly & probably 9 ,boeotia !re reign$ ( old a dyna/y ( :i* ! k+s 7 liable to be sacrific$ = ! good ( ! c\ntry to ! god call$ ,laphy/ian ,zeus1 b t !y contriv$ to %ift ! fatal responsibility to _! (fspr+1 ( :om ! elde/ son 0 regul>ly de/9$ to ! alt>4 ,z "t w5t on1 ! cruel cu/om 0 s f> mitigat$ t a ram 0 accept$ z a vic>i\s sacrifice 9 room ( ! royal victim1 provid$ always t ! pr9ce ab/a9$ f sett+ foot 9 ! t[n-hall :]e ! sacrifices 7 (f]$ to ,laphy/ian ,zeus by "o ( 8 k9sm547#dcb7 ,b if he 7 ra% en\gh to ent] ! place ( doom1 to ?ru/ himself wilfully1 z x 71 on ! notice ( ! god :o _h good-natur$ly w9k$ at ! sub/itution ( a ram1 ! anci5t obligation :i* _h be5 suff]$ to lie 9 abeyance recov]$ all its =ce1 & !re 0 no help = x b he mu/ die4 ,! tradition :i* associat$ ! sacrifice ( ! k+ or 8 *ildr5 ) a great de>? po9ts cle>ly to ! belief1 s common among primitive folk1 t ! k+ is responsible = ! wea!r & ! crops1 & t he may ju/ly pay ) 8 life = ! inclem5cy ( ! "o or ! failure ( ! o!r4 ,a?amas & 8 l9e1 9 %ort1 appe> to h unit$ div9e or magical ) royal functions2 & ?is view is /rongly support$ by ! claims to div9ity :i* ,salmoneus1 ! bro!r ( ,a?amas1 is said to h set up4 ,we h se5 t ?is presumptu\s mortal pr(ess$ to be no o!r ?an ,zeus himself1 & to wield ! ?und] & lightn+1 ( :i* he made a trump]y imitation by ! help ( t9kl+ kettles & blaz+ tor*es47#dcc7 ,if we may judge f analogy1 8 mock ?und] & lightn+ 7 no m]e sc5ic exhibition design$ to deceive & impress ! behold]s2 !y 7 en*antm5ts practis$ by ! royal magician = ! purpose ( br++ ab\t ! cele/ial ph5om5a :i* !y feebly mimick$47#dcd7 7,m#acb7 ,among ! ,semites ( ,we/]n ,asia ! k+1 9 a "t ( national dang]1 sometimes gave 8 own son to die z a sacrifice = ! p4 ,?us ,philo ( ,byblus1 9 8 "w on ! ,jews1 says3 8,x 0 an anci5t cu/om 9 a crisis ( great dang] t ! rul] ( a city or nation %\ld give 8 belov$ son to die = ! :ole p1 z a ransom (f]$ to ! av5g+ demons2 & ! *ildr5 ?us (f]$ 7 sla9 ) my/ic rites4 ,s ,cronus1 :om ! ,pho5icians call ,israel1 be+ k+ ( ! l& & hav+ an only-begott5 son call$ ,je\d 7= 9 ! ,pho5ician tongue ,je\d signifies #8only-begott5'71 dress$ him 9 royal robes & sacrific$ him ^u an alt> 9 a "t ( w>1 :5 ! c\ntry 0 9 great dang] f ! enemy407#dce7 ,:5 ! k+ ( ,moab 0 besieg$ by ! ,israelites & h>d beset1 he took 8 elde/ son1 :o %\ld h reign$ 9 8 /ead1 & (f]$ him = a burnt (f]+ on ! wall47#dcf7 ,b among/ ! ,semites ! practice ( sacrific+ _! *ildr5 0 n conf9$ to k+s47#dcg7 ,9 times ( great calamity1 su* z pe/il5ce1 dr\ght1 or defeat 9 w>1 ! ,pho5icians us$ to sacrifice "o ( _! de>e/ to ,baal4 8,pho5ician hi/ory10 says an anci5t writ]1 8is full ( su* sacrifices407#dch7 ,! writ] ( a dialogue ascrib$ to ,plato obs]ves t ! ,c>?ag9ians immolat$ human be+s z if x 7 "r & lawful to d s1 & "s ( !m1 he adds1 ev5 sacrific$ _! own sons to ,baal47#dci7 ,:5 ,gelo1 tyrant ( ,syracuse1 defeat$ ! ,c>?ag9ians 9 ! great battle ( ,him]a he requir$ z a condition ( peace t !y %\ld sacrifice _! *ildr5 to ,baal no long]47#ddj7 ,b ! b>b>\s cu/om 0 too invet]ate & too agreeable to ,semitic modes ( ?\ght to be s easily eradicat$1 & ! humane /ipulation ( ! ,greek despot probably rema9$ a dead lett]4 ,at all ev5ts ! hi/ory ( ?is rem>kable p1 :o comb9$ 9 s high a degree ! _s ( comm]cial ent]prise ) a bl9d atta*m5t to a /]n & gloomy religion1 is /a9$ 9 lat] times ) in/ances ( ! same cruel sup]/ition4 ,:5 ! ,c>?ag9ians 7 defeat$ & besieg$ by ,aga?ocles1 !y ascrib$ _! disa/]s to ! wra? ( ,baal2 = :]eas 9 =m] times !y _h be5 wont to sacrifice to him _! own (fspr+1 !y _h latt]ly fall5 into ! habit ( buy+ *ildr5 & re>+ !m to be victims4 ,s1 to appease ! angry god1 two hundr$ *ildr5 ( ! noble/ families 7 pick$ out = sacrifice1 & ! tale ( victims 0 swell$ by n less ?an ?ree hundr$ m :o volunte]$ to die = ! fa!rl&4 ,!y 7 sacrific$ by be+ plac$1 "o by "o1 on ! slop+ h&s ( ! braz5 image1 f :i* !y roll$ into a pit ( fire47#dda7 ,*ildless p among ! ,c>?ag9ians b\ght *ildr5 f poor p>5ts & slaught]$ !m1 says ,plut>*1 z if !y 7 lambs or *ick5s2 & ! "m _h to /& by & see x done )\t a te> or a groan1 = if %e wept or moan$ %e lo/ all ! cr$it & ! *ild 0 sacrific$ none ! less4 ,b all ! place 9 front ( ! image 0 fill$ ) a tumultu\s music ( fifes & drums to dr[n ! %rieks ( ! victims47#ddb7 ,infants 7 publicly sacrific$ by ! ,c>?ag9ians d[n to ! proconsulate ( ,tib]ius1 :o crucifi$ ! prie/s on ! trees beside _! temples4 ,yet ! practice /ill w5t on secretly 9 ! lifetime ( ,t]tullian47#ddc7 7,m#acc7 ,among ! ,canaanites or aborig9al inhabitants ( ,pale/9e1 :om ! invad+ ,israelites conqu]$ b did n ext]m9ate1 ! grisly cu/om ( burn+ _! *ildr5 9 hon\r ( ,baal or ,molo* seems to h be5 regul>ly practis$47#ddd7 ,to ! be/ repres5tatives ( ! ,hebrew p1 ! au?ors ( _! noble lit]ature1 su* rites 7 abhorr5t1 & !y w>n$ _! fell[-c\ntrym5 aga9/ p>ticipat+ 9 !m4 8,:5 ?\ art come into ! l& :i* ! ,"l ?y ,god give? !e1 ?\ %alt n le>n to d aft] ! abom9ations ( ^? nations4 ,!re %all n be f\nd ) !e any "o t make? 8 son or 8 daught] to pass ?r\gh ! fire1 "o t use? div9ation1 "o t practise? augury1 or an en*ant]1 or a sorc]]1 or a *>m]1 or a consult] ) a famili> _s1 or a wiz>d1 or a necromanc]4 ,= :osoev] doe? ^! ?+s is an abom9ation unto ! ,"l3 & because ( ^! abom9ations ! ,"l ?y ,god do? drive !m out f be=e !e407#dde7 ,aga9 we read3 8,& ?\ %alt n give any ( ?y se$ to pass ?r\gh ! fire to ,mole*407#ddf7 ,:atev] effect ^! w>n+s may h _h 9 ! e>li] days ( ,israeliti% hi/ory1 !re is abundant evid5ce t 9 lat] times ! ,hebrews laps$1 or r p]haps relaps$1 into t cong5ial mire ( sup]/ition f :i* ! high] spirits ( ! nation /ruggl$--too (t5 9 va9--to rescue !m4 ,! ,psalmi/ lam5ts t 8 err+ c\ntrym5 8m+l$ !mselves ) ! nations1 & le>n$ _! works3 & !y s]v$ _! idols2 :i* became a sn>e unto !m3 yea1 !y sacrific$ _! sons & _! daught]s unto demons1 & %$ innoc5t blood1 ev5 ! blood ( _! sons & ( _! daught]s1 :om !y sacrific$ unto ! idols ( ,canaan2 & ! l& 0 pollut$ ) blood407#ddg7 ,:5 ! ,hebrew annali/ has record$ h[ ,%almanes]1 k+ ( ,assyria1 besieg$ ,sam>ia = ?ree ye>s & took x & c>ri$ ,israel away into captivity1 he expla9s t ?is 0 a div9e puni%m5t inflict$ on 8 p = hav+ fall5 9 ) ! evil ways ( ! ,canaanites4 ,!y _h built high places 9 all _! cities1 & set up pill>s & sacr$ poles 7a%]im7 ^u e high hill & "u e gre5 tree2 & !re !y burnt inc5se aft] ! mann] ( ! hea!n4 8,& !y =sook all ! comm&m5ts ( ! ,"l _! ,god1 & made !m molt5 images1 ev5 two calves1 & made an ,a%]ah1 & wor%ipp$ all ! ho/ ( heav51 & s]v$ ,baal4 ,& !y caus$ _! sons & _! daught]s to pass ?r\gh ! fire1 & us$ div9ation & en*antm5ts407#ddh7 ,at ,j]usalem 9 ^! days !re 0 a regul>ly appo9t$ place :]e p>5ts burn$ _! *ildr51 bo? boys & girls1 9 hon\r ( ,baal or ,molo*4 ,x 0 9 ! valley ( ,h9nom1 j outside ! walls ( ! city1 & bore ! "n1 infam\s ev] s9ce1 ( ,tophet4 ,! practice is ref]r$ to aga9 & aga9 ) sorr[ful indignation by ! prophets47#ddi7 ,! k+s ( ,judah set an example to _! p by burn+ _! own *ildr5 at ! usual place4 ,?us ( ,ahaz1 :o reign$ sixte5 ye>s at ,j]usalem1 we are told t 8he burnt inc5se 9 ! valley ( ,h9nom1 & burnt 8 *ildr5 9 ! fire407#dej7 ,aga91 ,k+ ,manasseh1 ^: long reign cov]$ fifty-five ye>s1 8made 8 *ildr5 to pass ?r\gh ! fire 9 ! valley ( ,h9nom407#dea7 ,aft]w>ds 9 ! reign ( ! good k+ ,josiah ! idolatr\s excesses ( ! p 7 repress$1 at lea/ = a "t1 & among o!r measures ( re=m ,tophet 0 defil$ by ! ,k+'s ord]s1 8t no man might make 8 son or 8 daught] to pass ?r\gh ! fire to ,mole*407#deb7 ,:e!r ! place 0 ev] us$ aga9 = ! same d>k purpose z be=e does n appe>4 ,long aft]w>ds1 "u ! sway ( a mild] fai?1 !re 0 little 9 ! valley to recall ! tragic sc5es :i* x _h s (t5 witness$4 ,j]ome describes x z a pleasant & %ady spot1 wat]$ by ! rills ( ,siloam & laid out 9 delightful g>d5s47#dec7 7,m#acd7 ,x w\ld be int]e/+1 ?\gh x might be fruitless1 to enquire h[ f> ! ,hebrew prophets & psalmi/s 7 "r 9 _! op9ion t ! ,israelites le>n$ ^! & o!r gloomy sup]/itions only ?r\gh contact ) ! old inhabitants ( ! l&1 t ! primitive purity ( fai? & morals :i* !y br\ght ) !m f ! free air ( ! des]t 0 ta9t$ & pollut$ by ! grossness & corruption ( ! hea!n 9 ! fat l& ( ,canaan4 ,:5 we rememb]1 h[ev]1 t ! ,israelites 7 ( ! same ,semitic /ock z ! population !y conqu]$ & pr(ess$ to despise17#ded7 & t ! practice ( human sacrifice is atte/$ = _m bran*es ( ! ,semitic race1 we %all1 p]haps1 incl9e to surmise t ! *os5 p may h br\ght ) !m into ,pale/9e ! se$s :i* aft]w>ds sprang up & bore su* gha/ly fruit 9 ! valley ( ,h9nom4 ,x is at lea/ significant ( ! preval5ce ( su* cu/oms among ! ,semites t no soon] 7 ! native *ild-burn+ ,israelites c>ri$ (f by ,k+ ,%almanes] to ,assyria ?an _! place 0 tak5 by coloni/s :o practis$ precisely ! same rites 9 hon\r ( deities :o probably diff]$ 9 little b "n f ^? rev]$ by ! idolatr\s ,hebrews4 8,! ,seph>vites10 we are told1 8burnt _! *ildr5 9 ! fire to ,adrammele* & ,anammele*1 ! gods ( ,seph>vaim407#dee7 ,! pi\s ,jewi% hi/orian1 :o saw 9 ,israel's exile ,god's puni%m5t = s91 has sugge/$ no explanation ( t my/]y 9 ! div9e economy :i* suff]$ ! ,seph>vites to cont9ue on ! same spot ! v same abom9ations = :i* ! err+ ,hebrews _h j be5 s signally *a/is$4 7,m#ace7 ,we h /ill to ask :i* ( _! *ildr5 ! ,semites pick$ out = sacrifice2 = t a *oice 0 made & "s pr9ciple ( selection foll[$1 may be tak5 = grant$4 ,a p :o burn$ all _! *ildr5 indiscrim9ately w\ld soon ext+ui% !mselves1 & su* an excess ( piety is probably r>e1 if n unkn[n4 ,9 po9t ( fact x seems1 at lea/ among ! ,hebrews1 to h be5 only ! fir/born *ild t 0 doom$ to ! flames4 ,! prophet ,micah asks1 9 a famili> passage1 8,:]e) %all ,i come be=e ! ,"l1 & b[ myself be=e ! high ,god8 %all ,i come be=e him ) burnt (f]+s1 ) calves ( a ye> old8 ,w ! ,"l be pleas$ ) ?\s&s ( rams1 or ) t5 ?\s&s ( riv]s ( oil8 %all ,i give my fir/born = my transgression1 ! fruit ( my body = ! s9 ( my s\l80 ,^! 7 ! que/ions :i* pi\s & d\bt+ he>ts 7 putt+ to !mselves 9 ! days ( ! prophet4 ,! prophet's own answ] is n d\btful4 8,he ha? %ew$ !e1 ,o man1 :at is good2 & :at do? ! ,"l require ( !e1 b to d ju/ly & to love m]cy1 & to walk humbly ) ?y ,god807#def7 ,x is a noble answ] & "o :i* only elect spirits 9 t or1 p]haps1 9 any age h giv54 ,9 ,israel ! vulg> answ] 0 giv5 on bloody alt>s & 9 ! smoke & flames ( ,tophet1 & ! =m 9 :i* ! prophet's "q is ca/--8,%all ,i give my fir/born = my transgression80--%ews pla9ly on :i* ( ! *ildr5 ! duty ( aton+ = ! s9s ( _! fa!r 0 suppos$ to fall4 ,a passage 9 ,ezekiel po9ts no less cle>ly to ! same conclusion4 ,! prophet repres5ts ,god z say+1 8,i gave !m /atutes t 7 n good1 & judgm5ts :]e9 !y %\ld n live2 & ,i pollut$ !m 9 _! own gifts1 9 t !y caus$ to pass ?r\gh ! fire all t op5e? ! womb1 t ,i might make !m desolate40 ,t ! writ] 0 "h ?9k+ specially ( ! sacrifice ( *ildr5 is prov$ by 8 own words a little lat] on4 8,:5 ye (f] y\r gifts1 :5 ye make y\r sons to pass ?r\gh ! fire1 d ye pollute y\rselves ) all y\r idols1 unto ?is day807#deg7 ,fur!r1 t by ! words 8to pass ?r\gh ! fire all t op5e? ! womb0 he ref]r$ only to ! fir/born c easily be %ewn by ! language ( ,scripture 9 ref]5ce to t law ( ! consecration ( fir/l+s :i* ,ezekiel und\bt$ly _h 9 8 m9d :5 he wrote ?is passage4 ,?us we f9d t law enunciat$ 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,& ! ,"l spake unto ,moses1 say+1 ,sanctify unto me all ! fir/born1 :atsoev] op5e? ! womb among ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 bo? ( man & ( bea/3 x is m9e407#deh7 ,aga91 x is writt53 8,?\ %alt set ap>t unto ! ,"l all t op5e? ! womb1 & e fir/l+ :i* ?\ ha/ t come? ( a bea/2 ! males %all be ! ,"l's407#dei7 ,once m3 8,all t op5e? ! womb is m9e2 & all ?y cattle t is male1 ! fir/l+s ( ox & %eep407#dfj7 ,?is anci5t ,hebrew cu/om ( ! consecration to ,god ( all male fir/l+s1 :e!r ( man or bea/1 0 m]ely ! application to ! animal k+dom ( ! law t all fir/ fruits :atsoev] belong to ! deity & mu/ be made ov] to him or 8 repres5tatives4 ,t g5]al law is ?us /at$ by ! ,hebrew legislator3 8,?\ %alt n delay to (f] ( ! abundance ( ?y fruits1 & ( ?y liquors4 ,! fir/born ( ?y sons %alt ?\ give unto me4 ,likewise %alt ?\ d ) ?9e ox51 & ) ?y %eep3 sev5 days x %all be ) its dam2 & on ! eigh? day ?\ %alt give x me407#dfa7 7,m#acf7 ,?us ! god ( ! ,hebrews pla9ly reg>d$ ! fir/-born ( m5 & ! fir/l+s ( animals z 8 own1 & requir$ t !y %\ld be made ov] to him4 ,b h[8 ,"h a di/9ction 0 drawn betwe5 %eep1 ox51 & goats on ! "o h& & m5 & asses on ! o!r2 ! fir/l+s ( ! =m] 7 always sacrific$1 ! fir/l+s ( ! latt] 7 g5]ally r$eem$4 8,! fir/l+ ( an ox1 or ! fir/l+ ( a %eep1 or ! fir/l+ ( a goat1 ?\ %alt n r$eem2 !y are holy3 ?\ %alt spr9kle _! blood ^u ! alt>1 & %alt burn _! fat = an (f]+ made by fire = a sweet sav\r unto ! ,"l40 ,! fle% w5t to ! ,levites17#dfb7 :o consum$ x1 no d\bt1 in/ead ( ! deity :om !y repres5t$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ass 0 n sacrific$ by ! ,israelites1 probably because !y did n eat ! animal !mselves1 & h5ce conclud$ t ,god did n d s ei!r4 ,9 ! matt] ( diet ! ta/e ( gods g5]ally pres5ts a /rik+ resemblance to t ( _! wor%ipp]s4 ,/ill ! fir/l+ ass1 l all o!r fir/l+s1 0 sacr$ to ! deity1 & s9ce x 0 n sacrific$ to him1 he _h to receive an equival5t = x4 ,9 o!r words1 ! ass _h to be r$eem$1 & ! price ( ! r$emption 0 a lamb :i* 0 burnt z a vic>i\s sacrifice in/ead ( ! ass1 on ! hypo!sis1 app>5tly1 t roa/ lamb is likely to be m palatable to ! ,supreme ,be+ ?an roa/ donkey4 ,if ! ass 0 n r$eem$1 x _h to be kill$ by hav+ its neck brok547#dfc7 ,! fir/l+s ( o!r unclean animals & ( m5 7 r$eem$ = five %ekels a head1 :i* 7 paid to ! ,levites47#dfd7 7,m#acg7 ,we c n[ readily und]/& :y s _m ( ! ,hebrews1 at lea/ 9 ! lat] days ( _! hi/ory1 sacrific$ _! fir/born *ildr51 & :y t5d]-he>t$ p>5ts1 ^: affection = _! (fspr+ exce$$ _! devotion to ! deity1 may (t5 h be5 visit$ ) compunction1 & ev5 torm5t$ ) feel+s ( bitt] self-reproa* & %ame at _! c>nal weakness 9 suff]+ ! belov$ son to live1 :5 !y saw o!rs1 ) an h]oic piety :i* !y c\ld n emulate1 calmly resign+ _! de> ones to ! fire1 ?r\gh :i*1 z !y firmly believ$1 !y pass$ to ,god1 to reap1 p]haps1 9 endless bliss 9 heav5 ! rew>d ( _! %>p b transi5t suff]+s on e>?4 ,f infancy !y _h be5 br$ up 9 ! belief t ! fir/born 0 sacr$ to ,god1 & ?\gh !y knew t he _h waiv$ 8 "r to !m 9 consid]ation ( ! receipt ( five %ekels a head1 !y c\ld1 h>dly view ?is z any?+ b an act ( graci\s condesc5sion1 ( g5]\s lib]ality on ! "p ( ! div9ity :o _h /oop$ to accept s trifl+ a sum in/ead ( ! life :i* really belong$ to him4 8,surely10 !y might argue1 8,god w\ld be bett] pleas$ if we 7 to give him n ! money b ! life1 n ! poor paltry %ekels1 b :at we value mo/1 our fir/ & be/-lov$ *ild4 ,if we hold t life s de>1 w n he also8 ,x is 84 ,:y %\ld we n give him 8 own80 ,x 0 9 answ] to anxi\s que/ions su* z ^!1 & to q truly consci5ti\s scruples ( ?is sort t ! prophet ,micah decl>$ t :at ,god requir$ ( 8 true wor%ipp]s 0 n sacrifice b ju/ice & m]cy & humility4 ,x is ! answ] ( morality to religion--( ! gr[+ consci\sness t man's duty is n to propitiate ) va9 oblations ^? my/]i\s p[]s ( ! univ]se ( :i* he c "k little or no?+1 b to be j & m]ciful 9 8 deal+s ) 8 fell[s & to humbly tru/1 ?\gh he _c "k1 t by act+ ?us he w be/ please ! high] p[]s1 :atev] !y may be4 7,m#ach7 ,b :ile morality ranges itself on ! side ( ! prophet1 x may be que/ion$ :e!r hi/ory & prec$5t 7 n on ! side ( 8 adv]s>ies4 ,if ! fir/born ( m5 & cattle 7 alike sacr$ to ,god1 & ! fir/born ( cattle 7 regul>ly sacrific$1 :ile ! fir/born ( m5 7 ransom$ by a money paym5t1 has n ?is la/ provision ! appe>ance ( be+ a lat] mitigation ( an old] & h>%] cu/om :i* doom$ fir/born *ildr51 l fir/l+ lambs & calves & goats1 to ! alt> or ! fire8 ,! suspicion is greatly /r5g!n$ by ! rem>kable tradition told to acc\nt = ! sanctity ( ! fir/born4 ,:5 ,israel 0 9 bondage 9 ,egypt1 s runs ! tradition1 ,god resolv$ to deliv] !m f captivity1 & to lead !m to ! ,promis$ ,l&4 ,b ! ,egyptians 7 lo? to "p ) _! bondm5 & ?w>t$ ! div9e purpose by refus+ to let ! ,israelites g4 ,accord+ly ,god afflict$ ^! cruel taskma/]s ) "o plague aft] ano!r1 b all 9 va91 until at la/ he made up 8 m9d to resort to a /rong measure1 :i* w\ld surely h ! desir$ effect4 ,at dead ( night he w\ld pass ?r\gh ! l& kill+ all ! fir/born ( ! ,egyptians1 bo? man & bea/2 n "o ( !m w\ld be left alive 9 ! morn+4 ,b ! ,israelites 7 w>n$ ( :at 0 ab\t to happ5 & told to keep indoors t night1 & to put a m>k on _! h\ses1 s t :5 he pass$ d[n ! /reet on 8 err& ( slaught]1 ,god might "k !m at sight f ! h\ses ( ! ,egyptians & n turn 9 & massacre ! wrong *ildr5 & animals4 ,! m>k 0 to be ! blood ( a lamb sme>$ on ! l9tel & side po/s ( ! door4 ,9 e h\se ! lamb1 ^: r$ blood 0 to be ! badge ( ,israel t night1 z ! :ite sc>ves 7 ! badge ( ! ,ca?olics on ! night ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 0 to be kill$ at ev5+ & eat5 by ! h\sehold1 ) v peculi> rites1 dur+ ! h\rs ( d>kness :ile ! but*]y 0 proce$+3 none ( ! fle% 0 to see ! morn+ light3 :atev] ! family c\ld n eat 0 to be burn$ ) fire4 ,all ?is 0 done4 ,! massacre ( ,egyptian *ildr5 & animals 0 successfully p]petrat$ & _h ! desir$ effect2 & to commemorate ?is great triumph ,god orda9$ t all ! fir/born ( man & bea/ among ! ,israelites %\ld be sacr$ to him ev] aft]w>ds 9 ! mann] already describ$1 ! edible animals to be sacrific$1 & ! uneatable1 especially m5 & asses1 to be ransom$ by a sub/itute or by a pecuni>y paym5t ( s mu* a head4 ,& a fe/ival 0 to be celebrat$ e spr+ ) rites exactly l ^? :i* 7 obs]v$ on ! night ( ! great slaught]4 ,! div9e comm& 0 obey$1 & ! fe/ival ?us in/itut$ 0 ! ,passov]47#dfe7 7,m#aci7 ,! "o ?+ t looms cle> ?r\gh ! haze ( ?is weird tradition is ! memory ( a great massacre ( fir/born4 ,?is 0 ! orig91 we are told1 bo? ( ! sanctity ( ! fir/born & ( ! fea/ ( ! ,passov]4 ,b :5 we are fur!r told t ! p ^: fir/born 7 slaught]$ on t occasion 7 n ! ,hebrews b _! enemies1 we are at once met by s]i\s difficulties4 ,:y1 we may ask1 %\ld ! ,israelites kill ! fir/l+s ( _! cattle = ev] because ,god once kill$ ^? ( ! ,egyptians8 & :y %\ld e ,hebrew fa!r h to pay ,god a ransom = 8 fir/born *ild because ,god once slew all ! fir/born *ildr5 ( ! ,egyptians8 ,9 ?is =m ! tradition (f]s no intelligible explanation ( ! cu/om4 ,b x at once becomes cle> & intelligible :5 we assume t 9 ! orig9al v]sion ( ! /ory x 0 ! ,hebrew fir/born t 7 sla92 t 9 fact ! slaught] ( ! fir/born *ildr5 0 =m]ly1 :at ! slaught] ( ! fir/born cattle always cont9u$ to be1 n an isolat$ but*]y b a regul> cu/om1 :i* ) ! gr[? ( m humane s5tim5ts 0 aft]w>ds s(t5$ into ! vic>i\s sacrifice ( a lamb & ! paym5t ( a ransom = ea* *ild4 ,"h ! read] may be rem9d$ ( ano!r ,hebrew tradition 9 :i* ! sacrifice ( ! fir/born *ild is indicat$ /ill m cle>ly4 ,abraham1 we are in=m$1 0 comm&$ by ,god to (f] up 8 fir/born son ,isaac z a burnt sacrifice1 & 0 on ! po9t ( obey+ ! div9e comm&1 :5 ,god1 cont5t ) ?is pro( ( 8 fai? & ob$i5ce1 sub/itut$ = ! human victim a ram1 :i* ,abraham accord+ly sacrific$ in/ead ( 8 son47#dff7 ,putt+ ! two traditions toge!r & obs]v+ h[ exactly !y dovetail into ea* o!r & into ! lat] ,hebrew practice ( actually sacrific+ ! fir/born *ildr5 by fire to ,baal or ,molo*1 we c h>dly resi/ ! conclusion t1 be=e ! practice ( r$eem+ !m 0 introduc$1 ! ,hebrews1 l ! o!r bran*es ( ! ,semitic race1 regul>ly sacrific$ _! fir/born *ildr5 by ! fire or ! knife4 ,! ,passov]1 if ?is view is "r1 0 ! occasion :5 ! awful sacrifice 0 (f]$2 & ! tradition ( its orig9 has pres]v$ 9 its ma9 outl9es a vivid memory ( ! horrors ( ^! fe>ful nights4 ,!y mu/ h be5 l ! nights call$ ,evil on ! we/ coa/ ( ,africa1 :5 ! p kept indoors1 because ! execution]s 7 go+ ab\t ! /reets & ! heads ( ! human victims 7 fall+ 9 ! k+'s palace47#dfg7 ,b se5 9 ! lurid light ( sup]/ition or ( leg5d !y 7 no common mortals1 no vulg> execution]s1 :o did ! dreadful "w at ! fir/ ,passov]4 ,! ,angel ( ,dea? 0 abroad t night2 into e h\se he ent]$1 & a s\nd ( lam5tation foll[$ him z he came =? ) 8 dripp+ sword4 ,! blood t bespatt]$ ! l9tel & door-po/s w\ld at fir/ be ! blood ( ! fir/born *ild ( ! h\se2 & :5 ! blood ( a lamb 0 aft]w>ds sub/itut$1 we may suppose t x 0 int5d$ n s mu* to appease z to *eat ! gha/ly visitant4 ,see+ ! r$ drops 9 ! doorway he w\ld say to himself1 8,t is ! blood ( _! *ild4 ,i ne$ n turn 9 !re4 ,i h _m yet to slay be=e ! morn+ breaks grey 9 ! ea/40 ,& he w\ld pass on 9 ha/e4 ,& ! trembl+ p>5ts1 z !y clasp$ _! little "o to _! brea/1 might fancy t !y he>d 8 footfalls gr[+ fa9t] & fa9t] d[n ! /reet4 ,9 pla9 words1 we may surmise t ! slaught] 0 orig9ally done by mask$ m51 l ! ,mumbo ,jumbos & simil> figures ( we/ ,africa1 :o w5t f h\se to h\se & 7 believ$ by ! un9itiat$ to be ! deity or 8 div9e mess5g]s come 9 p]son to c>ry (f ! victims4 ,:5 ! lead]s _h decid$ to all[ ! sacrifice ( animals in/ead ( *ildr51 !y w\ld give ! p a h9t t if !y only kill$ a lamb & sme>$ its blood on ! door-po/s1 ! blood?ir/y b ne>-sight$ deity w\ld nev] "k ! diff]5ce4 7,m#adj7 ,! attempt to outwit a malignant & dang]\s _s is common1 & might be illu/rat$ by _m examples4 ,"s in/ances w be notic$ 9 a lat] "p ( ?is "w4 ,"h a s+le "o may suffice4 ,! ,malays believe 9 a ,spectral ,huntsman1 :o ranges ! =e/ ) a pack ( gho/ly dogs1 & ^: app>ition bodes sickness or dea?4 ,c]ta9 birds :i* fly 9 flocks by night utt]+ a l\d & peculi> note are suppos$ to foll[ 9 8 tra94 ,h5ce :5 ,p]ak peasants he> ! weird s\nd1 !y run out & make a clatt] ) a knife on a wood5 platt]1 cry+1 8,great-gr&fa!r1 br+ u _! he>ts60 ,! ,spectral ,huntsman1 he>+ ^! words1 w take ! supplicants = foll[]s ( 8 own ask+ to %>e 8 bag4 ,s he w sp>e ! h\sehold & pass on1 & ! tumult ( ! wild hunt w die away 9 ! d>kness & ! di/ance47#dfh7 7,m#ada7 ,if ?is be inde$ ! orig9 ( ! ,passov] & ( ! sanctity ( ! fir/born among ! ,hebrews1 ! :ole ( ! ,semitic evid5ce on ! subject is se5 to fall into l9e at once4 ,! *ildr5 :om ! ,c>?ag9ians1 ,pho5icians1 ,canaanites1 ,moabites1 ,seph>vites1 & probably o!r bran*es ( ! ,semitic race burnt 9 ! fire w\ld be _! fir/born only1 al?\gh 9 g5]al anci5t writ]s h fail$ to indicate ?is limitation ( ! cu/om4 ,= ! ,moabites1 inde$1 ! limitation is cle>ly indicat$1 if n expressly /at$1 :5 we read t ! k+ ( ,moab (f]$ 8 elde/ son1 :o %\ld h reign$ aft] him1 z a burnt sacrifice on ! wall47#dfi7 ,= ! ,pho5icians x comes out less di/9ctly 9 ! /atem5t ( ,porphyry t ! ,pho5icians us$ to sacrifice "o ( _! de>e/ to ,baal1 & 9 ! leg5d record$ by ,philo ( ,byblus t ,cronus sacrific$ 8 only-begott5 son47#dgj7 ,we may suppose t ! cu/om ( sacrific+ ! fir/born bo? ( m5 & animals 0 a v anci5t ,semitic in/itution1 :i* _m bran*es ( ! race kept up )9 hi/orical times2 b t ! ,hebrews1 :ile !y ma9ta9$ ! cu/om 9 reg>d to dome/ic cattle1 7 l$ by _! l(ti] morality to disc>d x 9 respect ( *ildr51 & to replace x by a m]ciful law t fir/born *ildr5 %\ld be ransom$ in/ead ( sacrific$47#dga7 7,m#adb7 ,! conclusion t ! ,hebrew cu/om ( r$eem+ ! fir/born is a modification ( an old] cu/om ( sacrific+ !m has be5 m5tion$ by "s v di/+ui%$ s*ol>s only to be reject$ on ! gr\nd1 app>5tly1 ( its extreme improbability47#dgb7 ,to me ! conv]g+ l9es ( evid5ce :i* po9t to ?is conclusion seem too num]\s & too di/9ct to be ?us lightly bru%$ aside4 ,& ! argum5t f improbability c easily be rebutt$ by po9t+ to o!r peoples :o are kn[n to h practis$ or to be /ill practis+ a cu/om ( ! same sort4 ,9 "s tribes ( ,new ,s\? ,wales ! fir/born *ild ( e woman 0 eat5 by ! tribe z "p ( a religi\s c]emony47#dgc7 ,among ! aborig9es on ! l[] portions ( ! ,p>oo & ,w>rego riv]s1 :i* jo9 ! ,d>l+ ,riv] 9 ,new ,s\? ,wales1 girls us$ to become wives :5 !y 7 m]e *ildr5 & to be mo!rs at f\rte51 & ! old cu/om 0 to kill ! fir/born *ild by /rangulation47#dgd7 ,aga91 among ! tribes ab\t ,m>ybor\gh 9 ,que5sl& a girl's fir/ *ild 0 almo/ always expos$ & left to p]i%47#dge7 ,9 ! tribes ab\t ,beltana1 9 ,s\? ,au/ralia1 girls 7 m>ri$ at f\rte51 & x 0 cu/om>y to de/roy _! fir/born47#dgf7 ,! natives ( ,rook1 an isl& (f ! ea/ coa/ ( ,new ,gu9ea1 us$ to kill all _! fir/born *ildr52 !y prid$ !mselves on _! humanity 9 bury+ ! murd]$ infants in/ead ( eat+ !m z _! b>b>\s neighb\rs did4 ,!y sp>$ ! second *ild b kill$ ! ?ird1 & s on alt]nately ) ! re/ ( _! (fspr+47#dgg7 ,*9ese hi/ory reports t 9 a /ate call$ ,khai-muh1 to ! ea/ ( ,yueh1 x 0 cu/om>y to dev\r ! fir/born sons17#dgh7 & fur!r1 t to ! we/ ( ,kiao-*i or ,tonqu9 8!re 0 a realm ( man-eat]s1 :]e ! fir/born son 01 z a rule1 *opp$ into pieces & eat51 & 8 y\ng] bro!rs 7 nev]!less reg>d$ to h fulfill$ _! frat]nal duties t[>ds him4 ,& if he prov$ to be appetiz+ food1 !y s5t "s ( 8 fle% to _! *iefta9s1 :o1 exhil>at$1 gave ! fa!r a rew>d407#dgi7 ,9 ,india1 d[n to ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ! cu/om ( sacrific+ a fir/born *ild to ! ,ganges 0 common47#dhj7 ,aga91 we are told t among ! ,h9doos 8! fir/born has always held a peculi>ly sacr$ position1 especially if born 9 answ] to a v[ to p>5ts :o h long be5 )\t (fspr+1 9 :i* case sacrifice ( ! *ild 0 common 9 ,india4 ,! ,mairs us$ to sacrifice a fir/born son to ,mata1 ! small-pox goddess407#dha7 7,m#adc7 ,! ,borans1 on ! s\!rn bord]s ( ,abyss9ia1 propitiate a sky-_s call$ ,wak by sacrific+ _! *ildr5 & cattle to him4 ,among !m :5 a man ( any /&+ m>ries1 he becomes a ,raba1 z x is call$1 & = a c]ta9 p]iod aft] m>riage1 probably f\r to eight ye>s1 he mu/ leave any *ildr5 t are born to him to die 9 ! bu%4 ,no ,boran c>es to contemplate ! fe>ful calamities ) :i* ,wak w\ld visit him if he fail$ to dis*>ge ?is duty4 ,aft] he ceases to be a ,raba1 a man is circumcis$ & becomes a ,gudda4 ,! sky-_s has no claim on ! *ildr5 born aft] _! fa!r's circumcision1 b !y are s5t away at a v e>ly age to be re>$ by ! ,wata1 a l[ ca/e ( hunt]s4 ,!y rema9 ) ^! p till !y are gr[n up1 & !n return to _! families47#dhb7 ,9 ?is rem>kable cu/om x w\ld appe> t ! circumcision ( ! fa!r is reg>d$ z an aton+ sacrifice :i* r$eems ! re/ ( 8 *ildr5 f ! _s to :om !y w\ld o!rwise belong4 ,! obscure /ory told by ! ,israelites to expla9 ! orig9 ( circumcision seems also to sugge/ t ! cu/om 0 suppos$ to save ! life ( ! *ild by giv+ ! deity a sub/itute = x47#dhc7 ,aga91 ! ,k]re1 ,banna1 & ,ba%ada1 ?ree tribes 9 ! valley ( ! ,omo ,riv]1 to ! s\? ( ,abyss9ia1 are 9 ! habit ( /rangl+ _! fir/born *ildr5 & ?r[+ ! bodies away4 ,! ,k]re ca/ ! bodies into ! riv] ,omo1 :]e !y are dev\r$ by crocodiles2 ! o!r two tribes leave !m 9 ! =e/ to be eat5 by ! hya5as4 ,! only explanation !y give ( ! cu/om is t x 0 decre$ by _! ance/ors4 ,capta9 ,c4 ,h4 ,/ig& enquir$ into ! practice v c>efully & 0 told t 8= a c]ta9 numb] ( ye>s aft] m>riage *ildr5 w\ld be ?r[n away1 & aft] t !y w\ld be kept4 ,! numb] ( ! fir/ *ildr5 :o 7 /rangl$1 & ! p]iod ( ye>s dur+ :i* ?is 0 done1 appe>s to be v>iable1 b ,i c\ld n und]/& :at regulat$ x4 ,!re 0 "o po9t1 h[ev]1 ab\t :i* !y 7 c]ta91 & t 0 t ! fir/-born ( all1 ri*1 poor1 high & l[1 _h to be /rangl$ & ?r[n away4 ,! *ief ( ! ,k]re said1 #8,if ,i _h a *ild n[1 x w\ld h to be ?r[n away1' laugh+ z if x 7 a great joke4 ,:at amus$ him really 0 t ,i %\ld be s int]e/$ 9 _! cu/om40 ,s f> z ,capta9 ,/ig& c\ld asc]ta91 !re is no idea ( sacrific+ ! *ildr5 to ! crocodiles by ?r[+ !m into ! riv]4 ,if a ,k]re man has a fir/ *ild born to him :ile he is on a j\rney away f ! riv]1 he w ?r[ ! infant away 9 ! =e/47#dhd7 ,9 ,ug&a if ! fir/born *ild ( a *ief or any important p]son is a son1 ! midwife /rangles x & reports t ! infant 0 /ill-born4 8,?is is done to ensure ! life ( ! fa!r2 if he has a son born fir/ he w soon die1 & ! *ild inh]it all he has407#dhe7 ,among/ ! p ( ,s5j]o 9 ea/]n ,africa we are told t _m families mu/ (f] up _! fir/born sons z sacrifices1 because once ^u a "t1 :5 summ] & w9t] 7 jumbl$ toge!r 9 a bad season1 & ! fruits ( ! e>? w\ld n rip51 ! soo?say]s enjo9$ x4 ,at t "t a great pill> ( iron is said to h /ood at ! entrance ( ! capital1 :i* 9 accordance ) ! advice ( ! soo?say]s 0 brok5 d[n by ord] ( ! k+1 :]eupon ! seasons became regul> aga94 ,to av]t ! recurr5ce ( su* a calamity ! wiz>ds comm&$ ! k+ to p\r human blood once a ye> on ! base ( ! brok5 %aft ( ! pill>1 & also ^u ! ?rone4 ,s9ce !n c]ta9 families h be5 oblig$ to deliv] up _! fir/born sons1 :o 7 sacrific$ at an appo9t$ "t47#dhf7 ,among "s tribes ( s\?-ea/]n ,africa !re is a rule t :5 a woman's husb& has be5 kill$ 9 battle & %e m>ries aga91 ! fir/ *ild %e gives bir? to aft] h] second m>riage mu/ be put to dea?1 :e!r %e has x by h] fir/ or h] second husb&4 ,su* a *ild is call$ 8! *ild ( ! assegai10 & if x 7 n kill$1 dea? or an accid5t w\ld be sure to befall ! second sp\se1 & ! woman h]self w\ld be b>r54 ,! notion is t ! woman mu/ h _h "s %>e 9 ! mis=tune t ov]took h] fir/ husb&1 & t ! only way ( remov+ ! malign influ5ce is to slay 8! *ild ( ! assegai407#dhg7 7,m#add7 ,! hea!n ,russians (t5 sacrific$ _! fir/born to ! god ,p]un47#dhh7 ,x is said t on ,mag ,sla*t or 8pla9 ( pro/rations10 ne> ! pres5t village ( ,ballymagauran1 9 ! ,c\nty ,cavan1 !re us$ to /& a great idol call$ ,cromm ,crua*1 cov]$ ) gold1 to :i* ! anci5t ,iri% sacrific$ 8! fir/l+s ( e issue & ! *ief scions ( e clan0 9 ord] to obta9 pl5ty ( corn1 honey1 & milk4 ,r\nd ab\t ! gold5 image1 :i* 0 spok5 ( z ! k+ idol ( ,er91 /ood twelve o!r idols ( /one47#dhi7 ,! ,kutonaqa ,indians ( ,briti% ,columbia wor%ip ! sun & sacrifice _! fir/born *ildr5 to him4 ,:5 a woman is ) *ild %e prays to ! sun1 say+1 8,i am ) *ild4 ,:5 x is born ,i %all (f] x to y4 ,h pity ^u u40 ,?us !y expect to secure heal? & good =tune = _! families47#dij7 ,among ! ,coa/ ,sali% ,indians ( ! same region ! fir/ *ild is (t5 sacrific$ to ! sun 9 ord] to ensure ! heal? & prosp]ity ( ! :ole family47#dia7 ,! ,indians ( ,florida sacrific$ _! fir/born male *ildr547#dib7 ,among ! ,indians ( nor? ,c>ol9a d[n to ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury a rem>kable c]emony 0 p]=m$1 :i* seems to be mo/ naturally int]pret$ z a modification ( an old] cu/om ( putt+ ! k+'s son to dea?1 p]haps z a sub/itute = 8 fa!r4 ,x is ?us describ$ by a writ] ( t p]iod3 8,!y h a /range cu/om or c]emony among/ !m1 to call to m9d ! p]secutions & dea? ( ! k+s _! ance/ors sla9 by _! enemies at c]ta9 seasons1 & p>ticul>ly :5 ! savages h be5 at w> ) any nation1 & return f _! c\ntry )\t br++ home "s prison]s ( w>1 or ! heads ( _! enemies4 ,! k+ causes z a p]petual remembrance ( all 8 pr$ecessors to beat & w\nd ! be/ belov$ ( all 8 *ildr5 ) ! same weapons :]e) !y _h be5 kill'd 9 =m] times1 to ! end t by r5ew+ ! w\nd1 _! dea? %\ld be lam5t$ afre%4 ,! k+ & 8 nation be+ assembl$ on ^! occasions1 a fea/ is prep>$1 & ! ,indian :o is au?oris$ to w\nd ! k+'s son1 runs ab\t ! h\se l a di/ract$ p]son cry+ & mak+ a mo/ hide\s noise all ! "t ) ! weapon 9 8 h&1 :]e) he w\nds ! k+'s son2 ?is he p]=ms ?ree sev]al times1 dur+ :i* int]val he pres5ts ! k+ ) victuals or cass5a1 & x is v /range to see ! ,indian t is ?us /ruck nev] (f]s to /ir till he is w\nd$ ! ?ird "t1 aft] :i* he falls d[n backw>ds /ret*+ out 8 arms & legs z if he _h be5 ready to expire2 !n ! re/ ( ! k+'s sons & daught]s1 toge!r ) ! "m & va/ numb]s ( wom5 & girls1 fall at 8 feet & lam5t & cry mo/ bitt]ly4 ,dur+ ?is "t ! k+ & 8 ret9ue are fea/+1 yet ) su* pr(\nd sil5ce = "s h\rs1 t n "o ^w or ev5 a :isp] is to be he>d among/ !m4 ,aft] ?is mann] !y cont9ue till night1 :i* ends 9 s++1 danc+1 & ! greate/ joy imag9able407#dic7 ,9 ?is acc\nt ! description ( ! frantic mann] assum$ by ! p]son ^: duty x 0 to w\nd ! k+'s son rem9ds u ( ! fr5zy ( ,k+ ,a?amas :5 he took or attempt$ ! lives ( 8 *ildr547#did7 ,! same feature is said to h *>act]is$ ! sacrifice ( *ildr5 9 ,p]u4 8,:5 any p]son ( note 0 sick & ! prie/ said he mu/ die1 !y sacrific$ 8 son1 desir+ ! idol to be satisfi$ ) him & n to take away 8 fa!r's life4 ,! c]emonies us$ at ^! sacrifices 7 /range1 = !y behav$ !mselves l mad m54 ,!y believ$ t all calamities 7 occasion$ by s91 & t sacrifices 7 ! rem$y407#die7 ,an e>ly ,spani% hi/orian ( ! conque/ ( ,p]u1 9 describ+ ! ,indians ( ! ,p]uvian valleys betwe5 ,san-,miguel & ,caxamalca1 records t 8!y h disgu/+ sacrifices & temples ( idols :i* !y hold 9 great v5]ation2 !y (f] !m _! mo/ preci\s possessions4 ,e mon? !y sacrifice _! own *ildr5 & sme> ) ! blood ( ! victims ! face ( ! idols & ! doors ( ! temples407#dif7 ,9 ,puruha1 a prov9ce ( ,quito1 x us$ to be cu/om>y to sacrifice ! fir/born *ildr5 to ! gods4 ,_! rema9s 7 dri$1 enclos$ 9 vessels ( metal or /one1 & kept 9 ! h\ses47#dig7 ,! ,ximanas & ,cauxanas1 two ,indian tribes 9 ! upp] valley ( ! ,amazon1 kill all _! fir/born *ildr547#dih7 ,if ! fir/born is a girl1 ! ,l5gua ,indians inv>iably put x to dea?47#dii7 7,m#ade7 ,among ! anci5t ,italian peoples1 especially ( ! ,sab9e /ock1 x 0 cu/om>y 9 seasons ( great p]il or public calamity1 z :5 ! crops _h fail$ or a pe/il5ce 0 rag+1 to v[ t !y w\ld sacrifice to ! gods e creature1 :e!r man or bea/1 t %\ld be born 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,to ! creatures ?us devot$ to sacrifice ! "n ( 8! sacr$ spr+0 0 appli$4 8,b s9ce10 says ,fe/us1 8x seem$ cruel to slay innoc5t boys & girls1 !y 7 kept till !y _h gr[n up1 !n veil$ & driv5 beyond ! b\nd>ies407#ejj7 ,sev]al ,italian peoples1 = example ! ,pic5i1 ,samnites1 & ,hirp9i1 trac$ _! orig9 to a 8sacr$ spr+10 t is1 to ! consecrat$ y\? :o _h sw>m$ (f f ! p>5t /ock 9 consequ5ce ( su* a v[47#eja7 ,:5 ! ,romans 7 engag$ 9 a life-&-dea? /ruggle ) ,hannibal aft] _! great defeat at ! ,trasim5e ,lake1 !y v[$ to (f] a 8sacr$ spr+0 if victory %\ld att5d _! arms & ! commonweal? %\ld retrieve its %att]$ =tunes4 ,b ! v[ ext5d$ only to all ! (fspr+ ( %eep1 goats1 ox51 & sw9e t %\ld be br\ght =? on ,italian m\nta9s1 pla9s1 & mead[s ! foll[+ spr+47#ejb7 ,on a lat] occasion1 :5 ! ,romans pl$g$ !mselves aga9 by a simil> v[1 x 0 decid$ t by ! 8sacr$ spr+0 %\ld be meant all ! cattle born betwe5 ! fir/ day ( ,m>* & ! la/ day ( ,april47#ejc7 ,al?\gh 9 lat] times ! ,italian peoples appe> to h resort$ to measures ( ?is sort only 9 special em]g5cies1 !re 0 a tradition t 9 =m] times ! consecration ( ! fir/born to ! gods _h be5 an annual cu/om47#ejd7 ,accord+ly1 x seems n impossible t orig9ally ! ,italians may1 l ! ,hebrews & p]haps ! ,semites 9 g5]al1 h be5 9 ! habit ( d$icat+ all ! fir/born1 :e!r ( man or bea/1 & sacrific+ !m at a great fe/ival 9 spr+47#eje7 ,! cu/om ( ! 8sacr$ spr+0 0 n conf9$ to ! ,italians1 b 0 practis$ by _m o!r peoples1 bo? ,greeks & b>b>ians1 9 antiquity47#ejf7 7,m#adf7 ,?us x w\ld seem t a cu/om ( putt+ to dea? all fir/born *ildr5 has prevail$ 9 _m p>ts ( ! _w4 ,:at 0 ! motive :i* l$ p to practise a cu/om :i* to u seems at once s cruel & s fooli%8 ,x _c h be5 ! purely prud5tial consid]ation ( adju/+ ! numb]s ( ! tribe to ! am\nt ( ! food-supply2 =1 9 ! fir/ place1 savages d n take su* ?\ght = ! morr[17#ejg7 &1 9 ! second place1 if !y did1 !y w\ld be likely to kill ! lat] born *ildr5 r ?an ! fir/born4 ,! =ego+ evid5ce sugge/s t ! cu/om may h be5 practis$ by diff]5t peoples f diff]5t motives4 ,) ! ,semites1 ! ,italians1 & _! ne> k9sm5 ! ,iri% ! sacrifice or at lea/ ! consecration ( ! fir/born seems to h be5 view$ z a tribute paid to ! gods1 :o 7 ?us cont5t to receive a "p ?\gh !y might ju/ly h claim$ ! :ole4 ,9 "s cases ! dea? ( ! *ild appe>s to be def9itely reg>d$ z a sub/itute = ! dea? ( ! fa!r1 :o obta9s a new lease ( life by ! sacrifice ( 8 (fspr+4 ,?is comes out cle>ly 9 ! tradition ( ,aun1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 :o sacrific$ "o ( 8 sons e n9e ye>s to ,od9 9 ord] to prolong 8 own life47#ejh7 ,& 9 ,p]u also ! son di$ t ! fa!r might live47#eji7 ,b 9 "s cases x w\ld seem t ! *ild has be5 kill$1 n s mu* z a sub/itute = ! fa!r1 z because x is suppos$ to endang] 8 life by absorb+ 8 spiritual ess5ce or vital en]gy4 ,9 fact1 a belief 9 ! transmigration or rebir? ( s\ls has op]at$ to produce a regul> cu/om ( infanticide1 especially infanticide ( ! fir/born4 ,at ,:ydah1 on ! ,slave coa/ ( ,we/ ,africa1 :]e ! doctr9e ( re9c>nation is firmly held1 x has happ5$ t a *ild has be5 put to dea? because ! feti% doctors decl>$ x to be ! k+'s fa!r come to life aga94 ,! k+ naturally c\ld n submit to be pu%$ f ! ?rone by 8 pr$ecessor 9 ?is fa%ion2 s he compell$ 8 suppos$ p>5t to return to ! _w ( ! dead f :i* he _h v inopportunely effect$ 8 escape47#eaj7 ,! ,h9doos are ( op9ion t a man is lit]ally reborn 9 ! p]son ( 8 son4 ,?us 9 ! ,laws ( ,manu we read t 8! husb&1 aft] conception by 8 wife1 becomes an embryo & is born aga9 ( h]2 = t is ! wifehood ( a wife1 t he is born aga9 by h]407#eaa7 ,h5ce aft] ! bir? ( a son ! fa!r is cle>ly 9 a v delicate position4 ,s9ce he is 8 own son1 c he himself1 ap>t f 8 son1 be said to exi/8 ,does he n r die 9 8 own p]son z soon z he comes to life 9 ! p]son ( 8 son8 ,?is appe>s to be ! op9ion ( ! subtle ,h9doo1 = 9 "s sections ( ! ,khatris1 a m]cantile ca/e ( ! ,punjaub1 fun]al rites are actually p]=m$ = ! fa!r 9 ! fif? mon? ( 8 wife's pregnancy4 ,b app>5tly he is all[$1 by a sort ( legal fiction1 to come to life aga9 9 8 own p]son2 = aft] ! bir? ( 8 fir/ son he is =mally rem>ri$ to 8 wife1 :i* may be reg>d$ z a tacit admission t 9 ! eye ( ! law at lea/ he is alive47#eab7 7,m#adg7 ,n[ to p :o ?us conceive ! relation ( fa!r & son x is pla9 t fa!rhood mu/ appe> a v dubi\s privilege2 = if y die 9 begett+ a son1 c y be q sure ( com+ to life aga98 ,8 exi/5ce is at ! be/ a m5ace to y\rs1 & at ! wor/ x may involve y\r ext9ction4 ,! dang] seems to lie especially 9 ! bir? ( y\r fir/ son2 if only y c tide t ov]1 y are1 humanly speak+1 safe4 ,9 fact1 x comes to ?is1 ,are y to live8 or is he8 ,x is a pa9ful dilemma4 ,p>5tal affection urges y to die t he may live4 ,self-love :isp]s1 8,live & let him die4 ,y are 9 ! fl[] ( y\r age4 ,y adorn ! circle 9 :i* y move4 ,y are useful1 nay1 indisp5sable1 to society4 ,he is a m]e babe4 ,he nev] w be miss$40 ,su* a tra9 ( ?\ght1 prepo/]\s z x seems to u1 might easily lead to a cu/om ( kill+ ! fir/born47#eac7 7,m#adh7 ,fur!r1 ! same notion ( ! rebir? ( ! fa!r 9 8 elde/ son w\ld expla9 ! rem>kable rule ( succession :i* prevail$ 9 ,polynesia & p>ticul>ly 9 ,tahiti1 :]e z soon z ! k+ _h a son born to him he 0 oblig$ to abdicate ! ?rone 9 fav\r ( ! infant4 ,:atev] might be ! k+'s age1 8 influ5ce 9 ! /ate1 or ! political situation ( affairs1 no soon] 0 ! *ild born ?an ! mon>* became a subject3 ! infant 0 at once proclaim$ ! sov]eign ( ! p3 ! royal "n 0 conf]r$ ^u him1 & 8 fa!r 0 ! fir/ to d him homage1 by salut+ 8 feet & decl>+ him k+4 ,all matt]s1 h[ev]1 ( importance :i* conc]n$ ei!r ! int]nal welf>e or ! =eign relations ( ! c\ntry cont9u$ to be transact$ by ! fa!r & 8 c\ncillors2 b e edict 0 issu$ 9 ! "n & on ! behalf ( ! y\?ful mon>*1 & ?\gh ! :ole ( ! executive gov]nm5t might rema9 9 ! h&s ( ! fa!r1 he only act$ z reg5t = 8 son1 & 0 reg>d$ z su* by ! nation4 ,! l&s & o!r s\rces ( rev5ue 7 appropriat$ to ! ma9t5ance ( ! infant rul]1 8 h\sehold1 & 8 att5dants2 ! insignia ( royal au?ority 7 transf]r$ to him1 & 8 fa!r r5d]$ him all ^? m>ks ( humble respect :i* he _h hi!rto exact$ f 8 subjects4 ,?is cu/om ( succession 0 n conf9$ to ! family ( ! sov]eign1 x ext5d$ also to ! nobles & ! l&$ g5try2 !y1 too1 _h to resign _! rank1 hon\rs1 & possessions on ! bir? ( a son4 ,a man :o b ye/]day 0 a b>on1 n to be approa*$ by 8 inf]iors till !y _h c]emoni\sly b>$ ! :ole ( ! upp] "p ( _! bodies1 0 to-day r$uc$ to ! rank ( a m]e common] ) none to d him rev]5ce1 if 9 ! night "t 8 wife _h giv5 bir? to a son1 & ! *ild _h be5 suff]$ to live4 ,! fa!r inde$ /ill cont9u$ to adm9i/] ! e/ate1 b he did s = ! b5efit ( ! infant1 to :om x n[ belong$1 & to :om all ! m>ks ( respect 7 at once transf]r$47#ead7 7,m#adi7 ,?is s+ul> usage becomes intelligible if ! _s ( ! fa!r 0 suppos$ to quit him at ! bir? ( 8 fir/ son & to reappe> 9 ! infant4 ,su* a belief & su* a practice w\ld1 x is obvi\s1 supply a p[]ful motive to infanticide1 s9ce a fa!r c\ld n re> 8 fir/born son )\t !reby rel9qui%+ ! hon\rs & possessions to :i* he _h be5 accu/om$4 ,! sacrifice 0 a heavy "o1 & we ne$ n wond] if _m m5 refus$ to make x4 ,c]ta9ly infanticide 0 practis$ 9 ,polynesia to an extraord9>y ext5t4 ,! fir/ mission>ies e/imat$ t n less ?an two-?irds ( ! *ildr5 7 murd]$ by _! p>5ts1 & ?is e/imate has be5 confirm$ by a c>eful enquir]4 ,x w\ld seem t be=e ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity !re 0 n a s+le "m 9 ! isl&s :o 0 n also a murd]ess1 hav+ imbru$ h] h&s 9 ! blood ( h] (fspr+4 ,?ree native wom51 ! elde/ n m ?an =ty ye>s ( age1 happ5$ once to be 9 a room :]e ! conv]sation turn$ on infanticide1 & !y confess$ to hav+ de/roy$ n less ?an tw5ty-"o infants betwe5 !m47#eae7 ,x w\ld d\btless be a gross mi/ake to lay ! :ole blame ( ^! massacres on ! doctr9e ( re9c>nation1 b we c h>dly d\bt t x in/igat$ a great _m4 ,once m we p]ceive ! fatal consequ5ces t may fl[ 9 practice f a !oretical error4 7,m#aej7 ,9 "s places ! abdication ( ! fa!r does n take place until ! son is gr[n up4 ,?is 0 ! g5]al practice 9 ,fiji47#eaf7 ,9 ,r>atonga z soon z a son rea*$ manhood1 he w\ld fight & wre/le ) 8 fa!r = ! ma/]y1 & if he obta9$ x he w\ld take =cible possession ( ! f>m & drive 8 p>5t 9 de/itution f home47#eag7 ,among ! ,corannas ( ,s\? ,africa ! y\?ful son ( a *ief is h>dly all[$ to walk1 b has to idle away 8 "t 9 ! hut & to dr9k mu* milk 9 ord] t he may gr[ /rong4 ,:5 he has atta9$ to manhood 8 fa!r produces two %ort1 bullet-head$ /icks & pres5ts "o to 8 son1 :ile he keeps ! o!r = himself4 ,arm$ ) ^! weapons ! two (t5 fight1 & :5 ! son succe$s 9 knock+ 8 p>5t d[n he is ackn[l$g$ *ief ( ! kraal47#eah7 ,b su* cu/oms probably d n imply ! !ory ( rebir?2 !y may only be applications ( ! pr9ciple t might is "r4 ,/ill !y w\ld equally supply ! fa!r ) a motive = kill+ ! infant son :o1 if suff]$ to live1 w\ld "o day /rip him ( 8 rank & possessions4 7,m#aea7 ,p]haps cu/oms ( ?is sort h left traces ( !mselves 9 ,greek my? & leg5d4 ,cronus or ,saturn1 z ! ,romans call$ him1 is said to h be5 ! y\nge/ son ( ! sky-god ,uranus1 & to h mutilat$ 8 fa!r & reign$ 9 8 /ead z k+ ( gods & m54 ,aft]w>ds he 0 w>n$ by an oracle t he himself %\ld be depos$ by 8 son4 ,to prev5t t cata/rophe ,cronus swall[$ 8 *ildr51 "o aft] ! o!r1 z soon z !y 7 born4 ,only ! y\nge/ ( !m1 ,zeus1 0 sav$ ?r\gh a trick ( 8 "m's1 & 9 "t he fulfill$ ! oracle by bani%+ 8 fa!r & sitt+ on 8 ?rone4 ,b ,zeus 9 8 turn 0 told t 8 wife ,metis w\ld give bir? to a son :o w\ld supplant him 9 ! k+dom ( heav54 ,accord+ly1 to rid himself ( 8 future rival he resort$ to a device l t :i* 8 fa!r ,cronus _h employ$ = a simil> purpose4 ,only in/ead ( wait+ till ! *ild 0 born & !n dev\r+ x1 he made assurance d\bly sure by swall[+ 8 wife ) ! unborn babe 9 h] womb47#eai7 ,su* b>b>\s my?s become intelligible if we suppose t !y took _! rise among p :o 7 accu/om$ to see gr[n-up sons supplant+ _! fa!rs by =ce1 & fa!rs murd]+ & p]haps eat+ _! infants 9 ord] to secure !mselves aga9/ _! future rivalry4 ,we h met ) in/ances ( savage tribes :o are said to dev\r _! fir/born *ildr547#ebj7 7,m#aeb7 ,! leg5d t ,laius1 k+ ( ,!bes1 expos$ 8 infant son ,o$ipus1 :o aft]w>ds slew 8 fa!r & sat on ! ?rone1 may well be a rem9isc5ce ( a /ate ( ?+s 9 :i* fa!r & son regul>ly plott$ aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,! o!r feature ( ! /ory1 to wit ! m>riage ( ,o$ipus ) ! wid[$ que51 8 "m1 fits 9 v well ) ! rule :i* has prevail$ 9 "s c\ntries t a valid title to ! ?rone is conf]r$ by m>riage ) ! late k+'s wid[4 ,t cu/om probably arose1 z ,i h endeav\r$ to %ew17#eba7 9 an age :5 ! blood-royal ran 9 ! female l9e1 & :5 ! k+ 0 a man ( ano!r family1 (t5 a /rang] & =eign]1 :o reign$ only 9 virtue ( be+ ! consort ( a native pr9cess1 & ^: sons nev] succe$$ him on ! ?rone4 ,b 9 process ( "t1 :5 fa!rs _h ceas$ to reg>d ! bir? ( a son z a m5ace to _! life1 or at lea/ to _! regal p[]1 k+s w\ld naturally s*eme to secure ! succession = _! own male (fspr+1 & ?is new practice c\ld be reconcil$ ) ! old "o by m>ry+ ! k+'s son ei!r to 8 own si/] or1 aft] 8 fa!r's decease1 to 8 /epmo!r4 ,we h se5 m>riage ) a /epmo!r actually enjo9$ = ?is v purpose by "s ( ! ,saxon k+s47#ebb7 ,& on ?is hypo!sis we c und]/& :y ! cu/om ( m>riage ) a full or a half si/] has prevail$ 9 s _m royal families47#ebc7 ,x 0 introduc$1 we may suppose1 = ! purpose ( giv+ ! k+'s son ! "r ( succession hi!rto enjoy$1 "u a sy/em ( female k9%ip1 ei!r by ! son ( ! k+'s si/] or by ! husb& ( ! k+'s daught]2 = "u ! new rule ! heir to ! ?rone unit$ bo? ^! *>act]s1 be+ at once ! son ( ! k+'s si/] &1 ?r\gh m>riage ) 8 own si/]1 ! husb& ( ! k+'s daught]4 ,?us ! cu/om ( bro!r & si/] m>riage 9 royal h\ses m>ks a transition f female to male desc5t ( ! cr[n47#ebd7 ,9 ?is connexion x may be significant t ,cronus & ,zeus !mselves m>ri$ _! full si/]s ,rhea & ,h]a1 a tradition :i* naturally prov$ a /one ( /umbl+ to g5]ations :o _h =gott5 ! anci5t rule ( policy :i* dictat$ su* ince/u\s unions1 & :o _h s f> inv]t$ ! true relations ( gods & m5 z to expect _! deities to be edify+ models ( ! new virtues in/ead ( w>n+ examples ( ! old vices47#ebe7 ,!y fail$ to und]/& t m5 create _! gods 9 _! own lik5ess1 & t :5 ! creator is a savage1 8 creatures ! gods are savages also4 7,m#aec7 ,) ! prec$+ evid5ce be=e u we may safely inf] t a cu/om ( all[+ a k+ to kill 8 son1 z a sub/itute or vic>i\s sacrifice = himself1 w\ld be 9 no way exceptional or surpris+1 at lea/ 9 ,semitic l&s1 :]e inde$ religion seems at "o "t to h recomm5d$ or enjo9$ e man1 z a duty t he ow$ to 8 god1 to take ! life ( 8 elde/ son4 ,& x w\ld be entirely 9 accordance ) analogy if1 long aft] ! b>b>\s cu/om _h be5 dropp$ by o!rs1 x cont9u$ to be obs]v$ by k+s1 :o rema9 9 _m respects ! repres5tatives ( a vani%$ _w1 solit>y p9nacles t topple ov] ! ris+ wa/e ( wat]s "u :i* ! pa/ lies buri$4 ,we h se5 t 9 ,greece two families ( royal desc5t rema9$ liable to furni% human victims f _! numb] d[n to a "t :5 ! re/ ( _! fell[ c\ntrym5 & c\ntrywom5 ran h>dly m risk ( be+ sacrific$ ?an pass5g]s 9 ,*eapside at pres5t run ( be+ hurri$ into ,/4 ,paul's or ,b[ ,*ur* & immolat$ on ! alt>4 ,a f9al mitigation ( ! cu/om w\ld be to sub/itute condemn$ crim9als = innoc5t victims4 ,su* a sub/itution is kn[n to h tak5 place 9 ! human sacrifices annually (f]$ 9 ,rhodes to ,baal17#ebf7 & we h se5 good gr\nds = believ+ t ! crim9al1 :o p]i%$ on ! cross or ! gall[s at ,babylon1 di$ in/ead ( ! k+ 9 ^: royal robes he _h be5 all[$ to masqu]ade = a few days4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,succession ,,to ,,! ,,s\l4 7,m#aed7 ,to ! view t 9 e>ly times1 & among b>b>\s races1 k+s h frequ5tly be5 put to dea? at ! end ( a %ort reign1 x may be object$ t su* a cu/om w\ld t5d to ! ext9ction ( ! royal family4 ,! objection may be met by obs]v+1 fir/1 t ! k+%ip is (t5 n conf9$ to "o family1 b may be %>$ 9 turn by sev]al27#ebg7 second1 t ! (fice is frequ5tly n h]$it>y1 b is op5 to m5 ( any family1 ev5 to =eign]s1 :o may fulfil ! requisite conditions1 su* z m>ry+ a pr9cess or vanqui%+ ! k+ 9 battle27#ebh7 &1 ?ird1 t ev5 if ! cu/om did t5d to ! ext9ction ( a dyna/y1 t is n a consid]ation :i* w\ld prev5t its obs]vance among p less provid5t ( ! future & less he$ful ( human life ?an ourselves4 ,_m races1 l _m individuals h indulg$ 9 practices :i* mu/ 9 ! end de/roy !m4 ,n to m5tion su* cu/oms z collective suicide & ! prohibition ( m>riage17#ebi7 bo? ( :i* may be set d[n to religi\s mania1 we h se5 t ! ,polynesians kill$ two-?irds ( _! *ildr547#ecj7 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,ea/ ,africa ! proportion ( infants massacr$ at bir? is said to be ! same4 ,only *ildr5 born 9 c]ta9 pres5tations are all[$ to live47#eca7 ,! ,jagas1 a conqu]+ tribe 9 ,angola1 are report$ to h put to dea? all _! *ildr51 )\t exception1 9 ord] t ! wom5 might n be cumb]$ ) babies on ! m>*4 ,!y recruit$ _! numb]s by adopt+ boys & girls ( ?irte5 or f\rte5 ye>s ( age1 ^: p>5ts !y _h kill$ & eat547#ecb7 ,among ! ,mbaya ,indians ( ,s\? ,am]ica ! wom5 us$ to murd] all _! *ildr5 except ! la/1 or ! "o !y believ$ to be ! la/4 ,if "o ( !m _h ano!r *ild aft]w>ds1 %e kill$ x47#ecc7 ,we ne$ n wond] t ?is practice entirely de/roy$ a bran* ( ! ,mbaya nation1 :o _h be5 = _m ye>s ! mo/ =midable enemies ( ! ,spani>ds47#ecd7 ,among ! ,l5gua ,indians ( ! ,gran ,*aco ! mission>ies discov]$ :at !y describe z 8a c>efully plann$ sy/em ( racial suicide1 by ! practice ( infanticide by abortion1 & o!r me?ods407#ece7 ,nor is infanticide ! only mode 9 :i* a savage tribe commits suicide4 ,a lavi% use ( ! poison ordeal may be equally effective4 ,"s "t ago a small tribe nam$ ,uwet came d[n f ! hill c\ntry1 & settl$ on ! left bran* ( ! ,calab> riv] 9 ,we/ ,africa4 ,:5 ! mission>ies fir/ visit$ ! place1 !y f\nd ! population consid]able1 di/ribut$ into ?ree villages4 ,s9ce !n ! con/ant use ( ! poison ordeal has almo/ ext+ui%$ ! tribe4 ,on "o occasion ! :ole population took poison to prove _! innoc5ce4 ,ab\t half p]i%$ on ! spot1 & ! remnant1 we are told1 /ill cont9u+ _! sup]/iti\s practice1 mu/ soon become ext9ct47#ecf7 ,) su* examples be=e u we ne$ n hesitate to believe t _m tribes h felt no scruple or delicacy 9 obs]v+ a cu/om :i* t5ds to wipe out a s+le family4 ,to attribute su* scruples to !m is to commit ! common1 ! p]petually repeat$ mi/ake ( judg+ ! savage by ! /&>d ( ,european civilisation4 ,if any ( my read]s set out ) ! notion t all races ( m5 ?9k & act mu* 9 ! same way z educat$ ,engli%m51 ! evid5ce ( sup]/iti\s belief & cu/om collect$ 9 ! volumes ( ?is "w %\ld suffice to disabuse him ( s errone\s a prepossession4 7,m#aee7 ,! explanation "h giv5 ( ! cu/om ( kill+ div9e p]sons assumes1 or at lea/ is readily comb9$ )1 ! idea t ! s\l ( ! sla9 div9ity is transmitt$ to 8 successor4 ,( ?is transmission ,i h no direct pro( except 9 ! case ( ! ,%illuk1 among :om ! practice ( kill+ ! div9e k+ prevails 9 a typical =m1 & ) :om x is a fundam5tal article ( fai? t ! s\l ( ! div9e f\nd] ( ! dyna/y is imman5t 9 e "o ( 8 sla9 successors47#ecg7 ,b if ?is is ! only actual example ( su* a belief :i* ,i c adduce1 analogy seems to r5d] x probable t a simil> succession to ! s\l ( ! sla9 god has be5 suppos$ to take place 9 o!r in/ances1 ?\gh direct evid5ce ( x is want+4 ,= x has be5 already %ewn t ! s\l ( ! inc>nate deity is (t5 suppos$ to transmigrate at dea? into ano!r inc>nation27#ech7 & if ?is takes place :5 ! dea? is a natural "o1 !re seems no reason :y x %\ld n take place :5 ! dea? has be5 br\ght ab\t by viol5ce4 ,c]ta9ly ! idea t ! s\l ( a dy+ p]son may be transmitt$ to 8 successor is p]fectly famili> to primitive peoples4 ,9 ,nias ! elde/ son usually succe$s 8 fa!r 9 ! *iefta9%ip4 ,b if f any bodily or m5tal defect ! elde/ son is disqualifi$ = rul+1 ! fa!r det]m9es 9 8 lifetime :i* ( 8 sons %all succe$ him4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to e/abli% 8 "r ( succession1 x is necess>y t ! son ^u :om 8 fa!r's *oice falls %all cat* 9 8 m\? or 9 a bag ! la/ brea?1 & ) x ! s\l1 ( ! dy+ *ief4 ,= :oev] cat*es 8 la/ brea? is *ief equally ) ! appo9t$ successor4 ,h5ce ! o!r bro!rs1 & sometimes also /rang]s1 cr[d r\nd ! dy+ man to cat* 8 s\l z x passes4 ,! h\ses 9 ,nias are rais$ above ! gr\nd on po/s1 & x has happ5$ t :5 ! dy+ man lay ) 8 face on ! floor1 "o ( ! c&idates has bor$ a hole 9 ! floor & suck$ 9 ! *ief's la/ brea? ?r\gh a bamboo tube4 ,:5 ! *ief has no son1 8 s\l is caught 9 a bag1 :i* is fa/5$ to an image made to repres5t ! deceas$2 ! s\l is !n believ$ to pass into ! image47#eci7 7,m#aef7 ,among/ ! ,takilis or ,c>ri] ,indians ( ,nor?-,we/ ,am]ica1 :5 a corpse 0 burn$ ! prie/ pret5d$ to cat* ! s\l ( ! deceas$ 9 8 h&s1 :i* he clos$ ) _m ge/iculations4 ,he !n communicat$ ! captur$ s\l to ! dead man's successor by ?r[+ 8 h&s t[>ds & bl[+ ^u him4 ,! p]son to :om ! s\l 0 ?us communicat$ took ! "n & rank ( ! deceas$4 ,on ! dea? ( a *ief ! prie/ ?us fill$ a responsible & influ5tial position1 = he might transmit ! s\l to :om he w\ld1 ?\gh d\btless he g5]ally foll[$ ! regul> l9e ( succession47#edj7 ,9 ,guatemala1 :5 a great man lay at ! po9t ( dea?1 !y put a preci\s /one betwe5 8 lips to receive ! p>t+ s\l1 & ?is 0 aft]w>ds kept z a memorial by 8 ne>e/ k9sman or mo/ intimate fri5d47#eda7 ,algonqu9 wom5 :o wi%$ to become mo!rs flock$ to ! side ( a dy+ p]son 9 ! hope ( receiv+ & be+ impregnat$ by ! pass+ s\l4 ,among/ ! ,sem9oles ( ,florida :5 a woman di$ 9 *ildb$ ! infant 0 held ov] h] face to receive h] p>t+ _s47#edb7 ,:5 infants di$ )9 a mon? or two ( bir?1 ! ,huron ,indians did n lay !m 9 b>k c(f9s on poles1 z !y did ) o!r corpses1 b buri$ !m beside ! pa?s1 9 ord] t !y might secretly ent] into ! wombs ( pass+ wom5 & be born aga947#edc7 ,! ,tonqu9ese cov] ! face ( a dy+ p]son ) a h&k]*ief1 & at ! mom5t :5 he brea!s 8 la/1 !y fold up ! h&k]*ief c>efully1 ?9k+ t !y h caught ! s\l 9 x47#edd7 ,! ,romans caught ! brea? ( dy+ fri5ds 9 _! m\?s1 & s receiv$ into !mselves ! s\l ( ! dep>t$47#ede7 ,! same cu/om is said to be /ill practis$ 9 ,lanca%ire47#edf7 7,m#aeg7 ,on ! sev5? day aft] ! dea? ( a k+ ( ,g+iro ! sorc]]s br+ to 8 successor1 wrapt 9 a piece ( silk1 a worm :i* !y say comes f ! nose ( ! dead k+2 & !y make ! new k+ kill ! worm by squeez+ its head betwe5 8 tee?47#edg7 ,! c]emony seems to be int5d$ to convey ! _s ( ! deceas$ mon>* to 8 successor4 ,! ,danakil or ,af>s ( ea/]n ,africa believe t ! s\l ( a magician w be born aga9 9 ! fir/ male desc5dant ( ! man :o 0 mo/ active 9 att5d+ on ! dy+ magician 9 8 la/ h\rs4 ,h5ce :5 a magician is ill he receives _m att5tions47#edh7 ,9 ,ug&a ! _s ( ! k+ :o _h be5 ! la/ to die manife/$ itself f "t to "t 9 ! p]son ( a prie/1 :o 0 prep>$ = ! dis*>ge ( ?is exalt$ function by a peculi> c]emony4 ,:5 ! body ( ! k+ _h be5 embalm$ & _h la9 = five mon?s 9 ! tomb1 :i* 0 a h\se built specially = x1 ! head 0 sev]$ f ! body & laid 9 an ant-hill4 ,hav+ be5 /ript ( fle% by ! insects1 ! skull 0 wa%$ 9 a p>ticul> riv] 7! ,ndyabuworu7 & fill$ ) native be]4 ,"o ( ! late k+'s prie/s !n drank ! be] out ( ! skull & ?us became himself a vessel meet to receive ! _s ( ! deceas$ mon>*4 ,! skull 0 aft]w>ds replac$ 9 ! tomb1 b ! l[] jaw 0 sep>at$ f x & deposit$ 9 a j>2 & ?is j>1 be+ swa!d 9 b>k-clo? & decorat$ ) beads s z to look l a man1 h5ce=? repres5t$ ! late k+4 ,a h\se 0 built = its reception 9 ! %ape ( a beehive & divid$ into two rooms1 an inn] & an out]4 ,any p]son might ent] ! out] room1 b 9 ! inn] room ! _s ( ! dead k+ 0 suppos$ to dwell4 ,9 front ( ! p>tition 0 set a ?rone cov]$ ) lion & leop>d sk9s1 & f5c$ (f f ! re/ ( ! *amb] by a rail ( spe>s1 %ields1 & knives1 mo/ ( !m made ( copp] & brass1 & beautifully work$4 ,:5 ! prie/1 :o _h fitt$ himself to receive ! k+'s _s1 desir$ to conv]se ) ! p 9 ! k+'s "n1 he w5t to ! ?rone & address+ ! _s 9 ! inn] room in=m$ him ( ! bus9ess 9 h&4 ,!n he smok$ "o or two pipes ( tobacco1 & 9 a few m9utes began to rave1 :i* 0 a sign t ! _s _h ent]$ into him4 ,9 ?is condition he spoke ) ! voice & made kn[n ! wi%es ( ! late k+4 ,:5 he _h done s1 ! _s left him & return$ into ! inn] room1 & he himself dep>t$ a m]e man z be=e47#edi7 ,e ye> at ! new moon ( ,septemb] ! k+ ( ,s(ala 9 ea/]n ,africa us$ to p]=m obsequies = ! k+s1 8 pr$ecessors1 on ! top ( a high m\nta91 :]e !y 7 buri$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! lam5tations = ! dead1 ! s\l ( ! k+ :o _h di$ la/ us$ to ent] into a man :o imitat$ ! deceas$ mon>*1 bo? 9 voice & ge/ure4 ,! liv+ k+ conv]s$ ) ?is man z ) 8 dead fa!r1 consult+ him 9 reg>d to ! affairs ( ! k+dom & receiv+ 8 oracul> replies47#eej7 ,^! examples %ew t provision is (t5 made = ! gho/ly succession ( k+s & *iefs4 ,9 ! ,hausa k+dom ( ,daura1 9 ,nor!rn ,nig]ia1 :]e ! k+s us$ regul>ly to be put to dea? on ! fir/ symptoms ( fail+ heal?1 ! new k+ _h to /ep ov] ! corpse ( 8 pr$ecessor & to be ba!d 9 ! blood ( a black ox1 ! sk9 ( :i* !n s]v$ z a %r\d = ! body ( ! late k+47#eea7 ,! c]emony may well h be5 int5d$ to convey ! _s ( ! dead k+ to 8 successor4 ,c]ta9ly we "k t _m primitive peoples attribute a magical virtue to ! act ( /epp+ ov] a p]son47#eeb7 7,m#aeh7 ,sometimes x w\ld appe> t ! spiritual l9k betwe5 a k+ & ! s\ls ( 8 pr$ecessors is =m$ by ! possession ( "s "p ( _! p]sons4 ,9 s\!rn ,celebes1 z we h se51 ! regalia (t5 consi/ ( corporeal portions ( deceas$ rajahs1 :i* are treasur$ z sacr$ relics & conf] ! "r to ! ?rone47#eec7 ,simil>ly among ! ,sakalavas ( s\!rn ,madagasc> a v]tebra ( ! neck1 a nail1 & a lock ( hair ( a deceas$ k+ are plac$ 9 a crocodile's too? & c>efully kept along ) ! simil> relics ( 8 pr$ecessors 9 a h\se set ap>t = ! purpose4 ,! possession ( ^! relics con/itutes ! "r to ! ?rone4 ,a legitimate heir :o %\ld be depriv$ ( !m w\ld lose all 8 au?ority ov] ! p1 & on ! contr>y a usurp] :o %\ld make himself ma/] ( ! relics w\ld be ackn[l$g$ k+ )\t dispute4 ,x has sometimes happ5$ t a relation ( ! reign+ mon>* has /ol5 ! crocodile tee? ) _! preci\s cont5ts1 & !n _h himself proclaim$ k+4 ,accord+ly1 :5 ! ,hovas invad$ ! c\ntry1 kn[+ ! sup]/ition ( ! natives1 !y paid less att5tion to ! liv+ k+ ?an to ! relics ( ! dead1 :i* !y publicly exhibit$ "u a /rong gu>d on pretext ( pay+ !m ! hon\rs t 7 _! due47#eed7 ,9 antiquity1 :5 a k+ ( ! ,panebian ,libyans di$1 8 p buri$ ! body b cut (f ! head1 & hav+ cov]$ x ) gold !y d$icat$ x 9 a sanctu>y47#eee7 ,among ! ,masai ( ,ea/ ,africa1 :5 an important *ief has be5 dead & buri$ = a ye>1 8 elde/ son or o!r successor removes ! skull ( ! deceas$1 :ile he at ! same "t (f]s a sacrifice & a libation ) goat's blood1 milk1 & honey4 ,he !n c>efully secrets ! skull1 ! possession ( :i* is und]/ood to confirm him 9 p[] & to imp>t to him "s ( ! wisdom ( 8 pr$ecessor47#eef7 ,:5 ! ,alake or k+ ( ,abeokuta 9 ,we/ ,africa dies1 ! pr9cipal m5 decapitate 8 body1 & plac+ ! head 9 a l>ge e>!n vessel deliv] x to ! new sov]eign2 x becomes 8 feti% & he is b\nd to pay x hon\rs47#eeg7 ,simil>ly1 :5 ! ,jaga or ,k+ ( ,cassange1 9 ,angola1 has dep>t$ ?is life1 an (ficial extracts a too? f ! deceas$ mon>* & pres5ts x to 8 successor1 :o deposits x along ) ! tee? ( =m] k+s 9 a box1 :i* is ! sole prop]ty ( ! cr[n & )\t :i* no ,jaga c legitimately ex]cise ! regal p[]47#eeh7 ,sometimes1 9 ord] app>5tly t ! new sov]eign may inh]it m surely ! magical & o!r virtues ( ! royal l9e1 he is requir$ to eat a piece ( 8 dead pr$ecessor4 ,?us at ,abeokuta n only 0 ! head ( ! late k+ pres5t$ to 8 successor1 b ! tongue 0 cut out & giv5 him to eat4 ,h5ce1 :5 ! natives wi% to signify t ! sov]eign reigns1 !y say1 8,he has eat5 ! k+407#eei7 ,a cu/om ( ! same sort is /ill practis$ at ,ibadan1 a l>ge t[n 9 ! int]ior ( ,lagos1 ,we/ ,africa4 ,:5 ! k+ dies 8 head is cut (f & s5t to 8 nom9al suz]a91 ! ,alaf9 ( ,oyo1 ! p>am\nt k+ ( ,yoruba l&2 b 8 he>t is eat5 by 8 successor4 ,?is c]emony 0 p]=m$ a few ye>s ago at ! accession ( a new k+ ( ,ibadan47#efj7 7,m#aei7 ,tak+ ! :ole ( ! prec$+ evid5ce into acc\nt1 we may fairly suppose t :5 ! div9e k+ or prie/ is put to dea? 8 _s is believ$ to pass into 8 successor4 ,9 po9t ( fact we h se5 t among ! ,%illuk ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 :o regul>ly kill _! div9e k+s1 e k+ on 8 accession has to p]=m a c]emony :i* appe>s design$ to convey to him ! same sacr$ & wor%ipful _s :i* animat$ all 8 pr$ecessors1 "o aft] ! o!r1 on ! ?rone47#efa7 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,kill+ ,,( ,,! ,,tree-,,_s4 #a4 ,! ,:itsuntide ,mumm]s4 7,m#afj7 ,x rema9s to ask :at light ! cu/om ( kill+ ! div9e k+ or prie/ %$s ^u ! special subject ( our enquiry4 ,9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is "w we saw reason to suppose t ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood at ,nemi 0 reg>d$ z an inc>nation ( a tree-_s or ( ! _s ( vegetation1 & t z su* he w\ld be end[$1 9 ! belief ( 8 wor%ipp]s1 ) a magical p[] ( mak+ ! trees to be> fruit1 ! crops to gr[1 & s on47#efb7 ,8 life mu/ !re=e h be5 held v preci\s by 8 wor%ipp]s1 & 0 probably h$g$ 9 by a sy/em ( elaborate precautions or taboos l ^? by :i*1 9 s _m places1 ! life ( ! man-god has be5 gu>d$ aga9/ ! malignant influ5ce ( demons & sorc]]s4 ,b we h se5 t ! v value atta*$ to ! life ( ! man-god necessitates 8 viol5t dea? z ! only means ( pres]v+ x f ! inevitable decay ( age4 ,! same reason+ w\ld apply to ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood2 he1 too1 _h to be kill$ 9 ord] t ! div9e _s1 inc>nate 9 him1 might be transf]r$ 9 its integrity to 8 successor4 ,! rule t he held (fice till a /rong] %\ld slay him might be suppos$ to secure bo? ! pres]vation ( 8 div9e life 9 full vig\r & its transf]5ce to a suitable successor z soon z t vig\r began to be impair$4 ,= s long z he c\ld ma9ta9 8 position by ! /rong h&1 x might be inf]r$ t 8 natural =ce 0 n abat$2 :]eas 8 defeat & dea? at ! h&s ( ano!r prov$ t 8 /r5g? 0 beg9n+ to fail & t x 0 "t 8 div9e life %\ld be lodg$ 9 a less dilapidat$ tab]nacle4 ,?is explanation ( ! rule t ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood _h to be sla9 by 8 successor at lea/ r5d]s t rule p]fectly intelligible4 ,x is /rongly support$ by ! !ory & practice ( ! ,%illuk1 :o put _! div9e k+ to dea? at ! fir/ signs ( fail+ heal?1 le/ 8 decrepitude %\ld entail a correspond+ failure ( vital en]gy on ! corn1 ! cattle1 & m547#efc7 ,moreov]1 x is c\nt5anc$ by ! analogy ( ! ,*itom1 ^u ^: life ! exi/5ce ( ! _w 0 suppos$ to hang1 & :o 0 !re=e sla9 by 8 successor z soon z he %ew$ signs ( break+ up4 ,aga91 ! t]ms on :i* 9 lat] times ! ,k+ ( ,calicut held (fice are id5tical ) ^? atta*$ to ! (fice ( ,k+ ( ! ,wood1 except t :]eas ! =m] might be assail$ by a c&idate at any "t1 ! ,k+ ( ,calicut might only be attack$ once e twelve ye>s4 ,b z ! leave grant$ to ! ,k+ ( ,calicut to reign s long z he c\ld def5d himself aga9/ all com]s 0 a mitigation ( ! old rule :i* set a fix$ t]m to 8 life17#efd7 s we may conjecture t ! simil> p]mission grant$ to ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood 0 a mitigation ( an old] cu/om ( putt+ him to dea? at ! end ( a def9ite p]iod4 ,9 bo? cases ! new rule gave to ! god-man at lea/ a *ance = 8 life1 :i* "u ! old rule 0 d5i$ him2 & p probably reconcil$ !mselves to ! *ange by reflect+ t s long z ! god-man c\ld ma9ta9 himself by ! sword aga9/ all assaults1 !re 0 no reason to appreh5d t ! fatal decay _h set 94 7,m#afa7 ,! conjecture t ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood 0 =m]ly put to dea? at ! expiry ( a fix$ t]m1 )\t be+ all[$ a *ance = 8 life1 w be confirm$ if evid5ce c be adduc$ ( a cu/om ( p]iodically kill+ 8 c\nt]p>ts1 ! human repres5tatives ( ! tree-_s1 9 ,nor!rn ,europe4 ,n[ 9 po9t ( fact su* a cu/om has left unmi/akable traces ( itself 9 ! rural fe/ivals ( ! peasantry4 ,to take examples4 7,m#afb7 ,at ,ni$]pr+1 9 ,l[] ,bav>ia1 ! ,:itsuntide repres5tative ( ! tree-_s--! ,pf+/l z he 0 call$--0 clad f top to toe 9 leaves & fl[]s4 ,on 8 head he wore a high po9t$ cap1 ! ends ( :i* re/$ on 8 %\ld]s1 only two holes be+ left 9 x = 8 eyes4 ,! cap 0 cov]$ ) wat]-fl[]s & surm\nt$ ) a nosegay ( peonies4 ,! sleeves ( 8 coat 7 also made ( wat]-plants1 & ! re/ ( 8 body 0 envelop$ 9 ald] & hazel leaves4 ,on ea* side ( him m>*$ a boy hold+ up "o ( ! ,pf+/l's arms4 ,^! two boys c>ri$ drawn swords1 & s did mo/ ( ! o!rs :o =m$ ! procession4 ,!y /opp$ at e h\se :]e !y hop$ to receive a pres5t2 & ! p1 9 hid+1 s\s$ ! leaf-clad boy ) wat]4 ,all rejoic$ :5 he 0 well dr5*$4 ,f9ally he wad$ into ! brook up to 8 middle2 :]eupon "o ( ! boys1 /&+ on ! bridge1 pret5d$ to cut (f 8 head47#efe7 ,at ,wurml+51 9 ,swabia1 a score ( "y fell[s dress !mselves on ,:it-,monday 9 :ite %irts & :ite tr\s]s1 ) r$ sc>ves r\nd _! wai/s & swords hang+ f ! sc>ves4 ,!y ride on horseback into ! wood1 l$ by two trumpet]s bl[+ _! trumpets4 ,9 ! wood !y cut d[n leafy oak bran*es1 9 :i* !y envelop f head to foot him :o 0 ! la/ ( _! numb] to ride out ( ! village4 ,8 legs1 h[ev]1 are encas$ sep>ately1 s t he may be able to m\nt 8 horse aga94 ,fur!r1 !y give him a long artificial neck1 ) an artificial head & a false face on ! top ( x4 ,!n a ,may-tree is cut1 g5]ally an asp5 or bee* ab\t t5 feet high2 & be+ deck$ ) col\r$ h&k]*iefs & ribbons x is entru/$ to a special 8,may-be>]40 ,! cavalcade !n returns ) music & song to ! village4 ,among/ ! p]sonages :o figure 9 ! procession are a ,moori% k+ ) a sooty face & a cr[n on 8 head1 a ,dr4 ,iron-,be>d1 a corporal1 & an execution]4 ,!y halt on ! village gre51 & ea* ( ! *>act]s makes a spee* 9 rhyme4 ,! execution] ann\nces t ! leaf-clad man has be5 condemn$ to dea?1 & cuts (f 8 false head4 ,!n ! rid]s race to ! ,may-tree1 :i* has be5 set up a little way (f4 ,! fir/ man :o succe$s 9 wr5*+ x f ! gr\nd z he gallops pa/ keeps x ) all its decorations4 ,! c]emony is obs]v$ e second or ?ird ye>47#eff7 7,m#afc7 ,9 ,saxony & ,?r+5 !re is a ,:itsuntide c]emony call$ 8*as+ ! ,wild ,man out ( ! bu%10 or 8fet*+ ! ,wild ,man out ( ! ,wood40 ,a "y fell[ is envelop$ 9 leaves or moss & call$ ! ,wild ,man4 ,he hides 9 ! wood & ! o!r lads ( ! village g out to seek him4 ,!y f9d him1 lead him captive out ( ! wood1 & fire at him ) blank muskets4 ,he falls l dead to ! gr\nd1 b a lad dress$ z a doctor ble$s him1 & he comes to life aga94 ,at ?is !y rejoice1 &1 b9d+ him fa/ on a waggon1 take him to ! village1 :]e !y tell all ! p h[ !y h caught ! ,wild ,man4 ,at e h\se !y receive a gift47#efg7 ,9 ! ,erzgebirge ! foll[+ cu/om 0 annually obs]v$ at ,%rovetide ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,two m5 disguis$ z ,wild ,m51 ! "o 9 bru%wood & moss1 ! o!r 9 /raw1 7 l$ ab\t ! /reets1 & at la/ tak5 to ! m>ket-place1 :]e !y 7 *as$ up & d[n1 %ot & /abb$4 ,be=e fall+ !y reel$ ab\t ) /range ge/ures & spirt$ blood on ! p f bladd]s :i* !y c>ri$4 ,:5 !y 7 d[n ! huntsm5 plac$ !m on bo>ds & c>ri$ !m to ! ale-h\se1 ! m9]s m>*+ beside !m & w9d+ bla/s on _! m9+ tools z if !y _h tak5 a noble head ( game47#efh7 ,a v simil> ,%rovetide cu/om is /ill obs]v$ ne> ,s*luck5au 9 ,bohemia4 ,a man dress$ up z a ,wild ,man is *as$ ?r\gh sev]al /reets till he comes to a n>r[ lane across :i* a cord is /ret*$4 ,he /umbles ov] ! cord &1 fall+ to ! gr\nd1 is ov]tak5 & caught by 8 pursu]s4 ,! execution] runs up & /abs ) 8 sword a bladd] fill$ ) blood :i* ! ,wild ,man we>s r\nd 8 body2 s ! ,wild ,man dies1 :ile a /ream ( blood r$d5s ! gr\nd4 ,next day a /raw-man1 made up to look l ! ,wild ,man1 is plac$ on a litt]1 &1 accompani$ by a great cr[d1 is tak5 to a pool into :i* x is ?r[n by ! execution]4 ,! c]emony is call$ 8bury+ ! ,c>nival407#efi7 7,m#afd7 ,9 ,semic 7,bohemia7 ! cu/om ( behead+ ! ,k+ is obs]v$ on ,:it-,monday4 ,a troop ( "y p disguise !mselves2 ea* is girt ) a girdle ( b>k & c>ries a wood5 sword & a trumpet ( will[-b>k4 ,! ,k+ we>s a robe ( tree-b>k adorn$ ) fl[]s1 on 8 head is a cr[n ( b>k deck$ ) fl[]s & bran*es1 8 feet are w\nd ab\t ) f]ns1 a mask hides 8 face1 & = a sceptre he has a haw?orn swit* 9 8 h&4 ,a lad leads him ?r\gh ! village by a rope fa/5$ to 8 foot1 :ile ! re/ dance ab\t1 bl[ _! trumpets1 & :i/le4 ,9 e f>mh\se ! ,k+ is *as$ r\nd ! room1 & "o ( ! troop1 amid mu* noise & outcry /rikes ) 8 sword a bl[ on ! ,k+'s robe ( b>k till x r+s aga94 ,!n a gratuity is dem&$47#egj7 ,! c]emony ( decapitation1 :i* is "h some:at slurr$ ov]1 is c>ri$ out ) a great] semblance ( reality 9 o!r p>ts ( ,bohemia4 ,?us 9 "s villages ( ! ,kniggrtz di/rict on ,:it-,monday ! girls assemble "u "o lime-tree & ! "y m5 "u ano!r1 all dress$ 9 _! be/ & trick$ out ) ribbons4 ,! "y m5 tw9e a g>l& = ! ,que51 & ! girls ano!r = ! ,k+4 ,:5 !y h *os5 ! ,k+ & ,que5 !y all g 9 procession1 two & two1 to ! ale-h\se1 f ! balcony ( :i* ! cri] proclaims ! names ( ! ,k+ & ,que54 ,bo? are !n inve/$ ) ! insignia ( _! (fice & are cr[n$ ) ! g>l&s1 :ile ! music plays up4 ,!n "s "o gets on a b5* & accuses ! ,k+ ( v>i\s (f5ces1 su* z ill-treat+ ! cattle4 ,! ,k+ appeals to witnesses & a trial ensues1 at ! close ( :i* ! judge1 :o c>ries a :ite w& z 8 badge ( (fice1 pron\nces a v]dict ( 8,guilty0 or 8,n guilty40 ,if ! v]dict is 8,guilty10 ! judge breaks 8 w&1 ! ,k+ kneels on a :ite clo?1 all heads are b>$1 & a soldi] sets ?ree or f\r hats1 "o above ! o!r1 on 8 ,maje/y's head4 ,! judge !n pron\nces ! ^w 8,guilty0 ?rice 9 a l\d voice1 & ord]s ! cri] to behead ! ,k+4 ,! cri] obeys by /rik+ (f ! ,k+'s hats ) 8 wood5 sword47#ega7 7,m#afe7 ,b p]haps1 = our purpose1 ! mo/ in/ructive ( ^! mimic executions is ! foll[+ ,bohemian "o1 :i* has be5 9 "p describ$ already47#egb7 ,9 "s places ( ! ,pils5 di/rict 7,bohemia7 on ,:it-,monday ! ,k+ is dress$ 9 b>k1 ornam5t$ ) fl[]s & ribbons2 he we>s a cr[n ( gilt pap] & rides a horse1 :i* is also deck$ ) fl[]s4 ,att5d$ by a judge1 an execution]1 & o!r *>act]s1 & foll[$ by a tra9 ( soldi]s1 all m\nt$1 he rides to ! village squ>e1 :]e a hut or arb\r ( gre5 b\ghs has be5 erect$ "u ! ,may-trees1 :i* are firs1 fre%ly cut1 peel$ to ! top1 & dress$ ) fl[]s & ribbons4 ,aft] ! dames & maid5s ( ! village h be5 criticis$ & a frog behead$1 9 ! way already describ$1 ! cavalcade rides to a place previ\sly det]m9$ ^u1 9 a /raight1 broad /reet4 ,"h !y draw up 9 two l9es & ! ,k+ takes to flight4 ,he is giv5 a %ort />t & rides (f at full spe$1 pursu$ by ! :ole troop4 ,if !y fail to cat* him he rema9s ,k+ = ano!r ye>1 & 8 companions mu/ pay 8 score at ! ale-h\se 9 ! ev5+4 ,b if !y ov]take & cat* him he is sc\rg$ ) hazel rods or beat5 ) ! wood5 swords & compell$ to dism\nt4 ,!n ! execution] asks1 8,%all ,i behead ?is ,k+80 ,! answ] is giv51 8,behead him02 ! execution] br&i%es 8 axe1 & ) ! words1 8,"o1 two1 ?ree1 let ! ,k+ headless be60 he /rikes (f ! ,k+'s cr[n4 ,amid ! l\d cries ( ! by/&]s ! ,k+ s9ks to ! gr\nd2 !n he is laid on a bi] & c>ri$ to ! ne>e/ f>mh\se47#egc7 7,m#aff7 ,9 mo/ ( ! p]sonages :o are ?us sla9 9 mimicry x is impossible n to recognise repres5tatives ( ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation1 z he is suppos$ to manife/ himself 9 spr+4 ,! b>k1 leaves1 & fl[]s 9 :i* ! actors are dress$1 & ! season ( ! ye> at :i* !y appe>1 %ew t !y belong to ! same class z ! ,grass ,k+1 ,k+ ( ! ,may1 ,jack-9-!-,gre51 & o!r repres5tatives ( ! v]nal _s ( vegetation :i* we exam9$ 9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is "w47#egd7 ,z if to remove any possible d\bt on ?is head1 we f9d t 9 two cases7#ege7 ^! sla9 m5 are br\ght into direct connexion ) ,may-trees1 :i* are ! imp]sonal1 z ! ,may ,k+1 ,grass ,k+1 & s =?1 are ! p]sonal repres5tatives ( ! tree-_s4 ,! dr5*+ ( ! ,pf+/l ) wat] & 8 wad+ up to ! middle into ! brook are1 !re=e1 no d\bt ra9-*>ms l ^? :i* h be5 already describ$47#egf7 7,m#afg7 ,b if ^! p]sonages repres5t1 z !y c]ta9ly d1 ! _s ( vegetation 9 spr+1 ! "q arises1 ,:y kill !m8 ,:at is ! object ( slay+ ! _s ( vegetation at any "t & above all 9 spr+1 :5 8 s]vices are mo/ want$8 ,! only probable answ] to ?is "q seems to be giv5 9 ! explanation already propos$ ( ! cu/om ( kill+ ! div9e k+ or prie/4 ,! div9e life1 inc>nate 9 a mat]ial & mortal body1 is liable to be ta9t$ & corrupt$ by ! weakness ( ! frail m$ium 9 :i* x is = a "t en%r9$2 & if x is to be sav$ f ! increas+ enfeeblem5t :i* x mu/ necess>ily %>e ) its human inc>nation z he advances 9 ye>s1 x mu/ be deta*$ f him be=e1 or at lea/ z soon z1 he exhibits signs ( decay1 9 ord] to be transf]r$ to a vigor\s successor4 ,?is is done by kill+ ! old repres5tative ( ! god & convey+ ! div9e _s f him to a new inc>nation4 ,! kill+ ( ! god1 t is1 ( 8 human inc>nation1 is !re=e m]ely a necess>y /ep to 8 revival or resurrection 9 a bett] =m4 ,f> f be+ an ext9ction ( ! div9e _s1 x is only ! beg9n+ ( a pur] & /rong] manife/ation ( x4 ,if ?is explanation holds good ( ! cu/om ( kill+ div9e k+s & prie/s 9 g5]al1 x is /ill m obvi\sly applicable to ! cu/om ( annually kill+ ! repres5tative ( ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation 9 spr+4 ,= ! decay ( plant life 9 w9t] is readily int]pret$ by primitive man z an enfeeblem5t ( ! _s ( vegetation2 ! _s has1 he ?9ks1 gr[n old & weak & mu/ !re=e be r5ovat$ by be+ sla9 & br\ght to life 9 a y\ng] & fre%] =m4 ,?us ! kill+ ( ! repres5tative ( ! tree-_s 9 spr+ is reg>d$ z a means to promote & quick5 ! gr[? ( vegetation4 ,= ! kill+ ( ! tree-_s is associat$ always 7we mu/ suppose7 implicitly1 & sometimes explicitly also1 ) a revival or resurrection ( him 9 a m y\?ful & vigor\s =m4 ,s 9 ! ,saxon & ,?r+5 cu/om1 aft] ! ,wild ,man has be5 %ot he is br\ght to life aga9 by a doctor27#egg7 & 9 ! ,wurml+5 c]emony !re figures a ,dr4 ,iron-,be>d1 :o probably once play$ a simil> "p2 c]ta9ly 9 ano!r spr+ c]emony1 :i* w be describ$ pres5tly1 ,dr4 ,iron-,be>d pret5ds to re/ore a dead man to life4 ,b ( ?is revival or resurrection ( ! god we %all h m to say anon4 7,m#afh7 ,! po9ts ( simil>ity betwe5 ^! ,nor? ,european p]sonages & ! subject ( our enquiry--! ,k+ ( ! ,wood or prie/ ( ,nemi--are suffici5tly /rik+4 ,9 ^! nor!rn mask]s we see k+s1 ^: dress ( b>k & leaves1 along ) ! hut ( gre5 b\ghs & ! fir-trees "u :i* !y hold _! c\rt1 proclaim !m unmi/akably z1 l _! ,italian c\nt]p>t1 ,k+s ( ! ,wood4 ,l him !y die a viol5t dea?1 b l him !y may escape f x = a "t by _! bodily /r5g? & agility2 = 9 sev]al ( ^! nor!rn cu/oms ! flight & pursuit ( ! k+ is a prom95t "p ( ! c]emony1 & 9 "o case at lea/ if ! k+ c outrun 8 pursu]s he reta9s 8 life & 8 (fice = ano!r ye>4 ,9 ?is la/ case ! k+ 9 fact holds (fice on condition ( runn+ = 8 life once a ye>1 j z ! ,k+ ( ,calicut 9 lat] times held (fice on condition ( def5d+ 8 life aga9/ all com]s once e twelve ye>s1 & j z ! prie/ ( ,nemi held (fice on condition ( def5d+ himself aga9/ any assault at any "t4 ,9 e "o ( ^! in/ances ! life ( ! god-man is prolong$ on condition ( 8 %ew+1 9 a sev]e physical conte/ ( fight or flight1 t 8 bodily /r5g? is n decay$1 & t1 !re=e1 ! viol5t dea?1 :i* soon] or lat] is inevitable1 may = ! pres5t be po/pon$4 ,) reg>d to flight x is noticeable t flight figur$ conspicu\sly bo? 9 ! leg5d & 9 ! practice ( ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood4 ,he _h to be a runaway slave 9 memory ( ! flight ( ,ore/es1 ! traditional f\nd] ( ! wor%ip2 h5ce ! ,k+s ( ! ,wood are describ$ by an anci5t writ] z 8bo? /rong ( h& & fleet ( foot407#egh7 ,p]haps if we knew ! ritual ( ! ,arician grove fully we might f9d t ! k+ 0 all[$ a *ance = 8 life by flight1 l 8 ,bohemian bro!r4 ,i h already conjectur$ t ! annual flight ( ! prie/ly k+ at ,rome 7regifugium7 0 at fir/ a flight ( ! same k9d2 9 o!r words1 t he 0 orig9ally "o ( ^? div9e k+s :o are ei!r put to dea? aft] a fix$ p]iod or all[$ to prove by ! /rong h& or ! fleet foot t _! div9ity is vigor\s & unimpair$47#egi7 ,"o m po9t ( resemblance may be not$ betwe5 ! ,italian ,k+ ( ! ,wood & 8 nor!rn c\nt]p>ts4 ,9 ,saxony & ,?r+5 ! repres5tative ( ! tree-_s1 aft] be+ kill$1 is br\ght to life aga9 by a doctor4 ,?is is exactly :at leg5d affirm$ to h happ5$ to ! fir/ ,k+ ( ! ,wood at ,nemi1 ,hippolytus or ,virbius1 :o aft] he _h be5 kill$ by 8 horses 0 re/or$ to life by ! physician ,aesculapius47#ehj7 ,su* a leg5d tallies well ) ! !ory t ! slay+ ( ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood 0 only a /ep to 8 revival or resurrection 9 8 successor4 #b4 ,mock ,human ,sacrifices4 7,m#afi7 ,9 ! prec$+ discussion x has be5 assum$ t ! mock kill+ ( ! ,wild ,man & ( ! ,k+ 9 ,nor? ,european folk-cu/om is a mod]n sub/itute = an anci5t cu/om ( kill+ !m 9 e>ne/4 ,^? :o be/ "k ! t5acity ( life possess$ by folk-cu/om & its t5d5cy1 ) ! gr[? ( civilisation1 to dw9dle f solemn ritual into m]e pageant & pa/ime1 w be lea/ likely to "q ! tru? ( ?is assumption4 ,t human sacrifices 7 commonly (f]$ by ! ance/ors ( ! civilis$ races ( ,nor? ,europe1 ,celts1 ,teutons1 & ,slavs1 is c]ta947#eha7 ,x is n1 !re=e1 surpris+ t ! mod]n peasant %\ld d 9 mimicry :at 8 =efa!rs did 9 reality4 ,we "k z a matt] ( fact t 9 o!r p>ts ( ! _w mock human sacrifices h be5 sub/itut$ = real ones4 ,?us 9 ,m9ahassa1 a di/rict ( ,celebes1 human victims us$ to be regul>ly sacrific$ at c]ta9 fe/ivals1 b ?r\gh ,dut* influ5ce ! cu/om 0 aboli%$ & a %am sacrifice sub/itut$ = x4 ,! victim 0 seat$ 9 a *air & all ! usual prep>ations 7 made = sacrific+ him1 b at ! critical mom5t1 :5 ! *ief prie/ _h heav$ up 8 fla%+ swords 7= he wield$ two ( !m7 to deal ! fatal /roke1 8 assi/ants sprang =w>d1 _! h&s wrapt 9 clo?s1 to grasp & arre/ ! desc5d+ blades4 ,! precaution 0 necess>y1 = ! prie/ 0 w\nd up to su* a pit* ( excitem5t t if left alone he might h consummat$ ! sacrifice4 ,aft]w>ds an effigy1 made out ( ! /em ( a banana-tree1 0 sub/itut$ = ! human victim2 & ! blood1 :i* might n be want+1 0 suppli$ by f[ls47#ehb7 ,ne> ! native t[n ( ,luba1 9 we/]n ,busoga1 a di/rict ( c5tral ,africa1 !re is a sacr$ tree ( ! species kn[n z ,p>9>ium4 ,its glossy :ite trunk %oots up to a height ( a hundr$ feet be=e x s5ds out bran*es4 ,! tree is surr\nd$ by small feti% huts & curi\s arcades4 ,once :5 ! dry season 0 draw+ to an end & ! new crops 7 n yet ripe1 ! ,basoga suff]$ f hung]4 ,s !y came to ! sacr$ tree 9 canoes1 ( :i* ! pr[s 7 deck$ ) wrea?s ( yell[ acacia blossom & o!r fl[]s4 ,l&+ on ! %ore !y /ripp$ !mselves ( _! clo?+ & wrapp$ ropes made ( gre5 creep]s & leaves r\nd _! arms & necks4 ,at ! foot ( ! tree !y danc$ to an accompanim5t ( song4 ,!n a little girl1 ab\t t5 ye>s old1 0 br\ght & laid at ! base ( ! tree z if %e 7 to be sacrific$4 ,e detail ( ! sacrifice 0 gone ?r\gh 9 mimicry4 ,a slight cut 0 made 9 ! *ild's neck1 & %e 0 !n caught up & ?r[n into ! lake1 :]e a man /ood ready to save h] f dr[n+4 ,by native cu/om ! girl on :om ?is c]emony _h be5 p]=m$ 0 d$icat$ to a life ( p]petual virg9ity47#ehc7 ,capta9 ,b\rke 0 in=m$ by an old *ief t ! ,indians ( ,arizona us$ to (f] human sacrifices at ! ,fea/ ( ,fire :5 ! days are %orte/4 ,! victim _h 8 ?roat cut1 8 brea/ op5$1 & 8 he>t tak5 out by "o ( ! prie/s4 ,?is cu/om 0 aboli%$ by ! ,mexicans1 b = a long "t aft]w>ds a modifi$ =m ( x 0 secretly obs]v$ z foll[s4 ,! victim1 g5]ally a "y man1 _h 8 ?roat cut1 & blood 0 all[$ to fl[ freely2 b ! m$ic9e-m5 spr9kl$ 8m$ic9e0 on ! ga%1 :i* soon heal$ up1 & ! man recov]$47#ehd7 ,s 9 ! ritual ( ,artemis at ,halae 9 ,attica1 a man's ?roat 0 cut & ! blood all[$ to gu% out1 b he 0 n kill$47#ehe7 ,at ! fun]al ( a *ief 9 ,nias slaves are sacrific$2 a little ( _! hair is cut (f1 & !n !y are behead$4 ,! victims are g5]ally pur*as$ = ! purpose1 & _! numb] is proportion$ to ! weal? & p[] ( ! deceas$4 ,b if ! numb] requir$ is excessively great or _c be procur$1 "s ( ! *iefs own slaves und]go a %am sacrifice4 ,!y are told1 & believe1 t !y are ab\t to be decapitat$2 _! heads are plac$ on a log & _! necks /ruck ) ! back ( a sword4 ,! fright drives "s ( !m crazy47#ehf7 ,:5 a ,h9doo has kill$ or ill-treat$ an ape1 a bird ( prey ( a c]ta9 k9d1 or a cobra capella1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! wor%ipp]s ( ,vi%nu1 he mu/ expiate 8 (f5ce by ! pret5d$ sacrifice & resurrection ( a human be+4 ,an incision is made 9 ! victim's arm1 ! blood fl[s1 he gr[s fa9t1 falls1 & feigns to die4 ,aft]w>ds he is br\ght to life by be+ spr9kl$ ) blood drawn f ! ?igh ( a wor%ipp] ( ,vi%nu4 ,! cr[d ( spectators is fully conv9c$ ( ! reality ( ?is simulat$ dea? & resurrection47#ehg7 ,! ,malayans1 a ca/e ( ,s\!rn ,india1 act z devil danc]s = ! purpose ( exorcis+ demons :o h tak5 possession ( p4 ,"o ( _! c]emonies1 8kn[n z uc*av-eli1 has sev]al =ms1 all ( :i* seem to be ei!r survivals1 or at lea/ imitations ( human sacrifice4 ,"o ( ^! consi/s ( a mock liv+ burial ( ! pr9cipal p]=m]1 :o is plac$ 9 a pit1 :i* is cov]$ ) planks1 on ! top ( :i* a sacrifice is p]=m$1 ) a fire k9dl$ ) jack wood 7,artoc>pus integrifolia7 & a plant call$ er9na4 ,9 ano!r v>iety1 ! ,malayan cuts 8 left =e>m1 & sme>s 8 face ) ! blood ?us drawn407#ehh7 ,9 ,samoa1 :]e e family _h its god inc>nate 9 "o or m species ( animals1 any disrespect %ewn to ! wor%ipful animal1 ei!r by memb]s ( ! k9 or by a /rang] 9 _! pres5ce1 _h to be aton$ = by pret5d+ to bake "o ( ! family 9 a cold ov5 z a burnt sacrifice to appease ! wra? ( ! (f5d$ god4 ,= example1 if a /rang] /ay+ 9 a h\sehold ^: god 0 inc>nate 9 cuttle-fi% 7 to cat* & cook "o ( ^! creatures1 or if a memb] ( ! family _h be5 pres5t :]e a cuttle-fi% 0 eat51 ! family w\ld meet 9 solemn conclave & *oose a man or woman to g & lie d[n 9 a cold ov51 :]e he w\ld be cov]$ ov] ) leaves1 j z if he 7 really be+ bak$4 ,:ile ?is mock sacrifice 0 be+ c>ri$ out ! family pray$3 8,o bald-head$ ,cuttle-fi%6 =give :at has be5 done1 x 0 all ! "w ( a /rang]40 ,if !y _h n ?us abas$ !mselves be=e ! div9e cuttle-fi%1 he w\ld und\bt$ly h come & be5 ! dea? ( somebody by mak+ a cuttle-fi% to gr[ 9 8 inside47#ehi7 7,m#agj7 ,sometimes1 z 9 ,m9ahassa1 ! pret5d$ sacrifice is c>ri$ out1 n on a liv+ p]son1 b on an effigy4 ,at ! ,city ( ! ,sun 9 anci5t ,egypt ?ree m5 us$ to be sacrific$ e day1 aft] ! prie/s _h /ripp$ & exam9$ !m1 l calves1 to see :e!r !y 7 )\t blemi% & fit = ! alt>4 ,b ,k+ ,amasis ord]$ wax5 images to be sub/itut$ = ! human victims47#eij7 ,an ,indian law-book1 ! ,calica ,puran1 prescribes t :5 ! sacrifice ( lions1 tig]s1 or human be+s is requir$1 an image ( a lion1 tig]1 or man %all be made ) butt]1 pa/e1 or b>ley meal1 & sacrific$ in/ead47#eia7 ,"s ( ! ,gonds ( ,india =m]ly (f]$ human sacrifices2 !y n[ sacrifice /raw-m51 :i* are f\nd to answ] ! purpose j z well47#eib7 ,colonel ,dalton 0 told t 9 "s ( _! villages ! ,bhagats 8annually make an image ( a man 9 wood1 put clo!s & ornam5ts on x1 & pres5t x be=e ! alt> ( a ,mahdeo4 ,! p]son :o (ficiates z prie/ on ! occasion says3 #8,o ,mahdeo1 we sacrifice ?is man to y accord+ to anci5t cu/oms4 ,give u ra9 9 due season1 & a pl5tiful h>ve/4' ,!n ) "o /roke ( ! axe ! head ( ! image is /ruck (f1 & ! body is remov$ & buri$407#eic7 ,=m]ly1 :5 a ,siamese army 0 ab\t to take ! field a condemn$ crim9al repres5t+ ! enemy 0 put to dea?1 b a humane k+ caus$ a puppet to be sub/itut$ = ! man4 ,! effigy is fell$ by ! bl[ ( an axe1 & if x drops at ! fir/ /roke1 ! om5 is fav\rable47#eid7 ,9 ! ,ea/ ,indian isl& ( ,siaoo or ,siauw1 "o ( ! ,sangi gr\p1 a *ild /ol5 f a neighb\r+ isl& us$ to be sacrific$ e ye> to ! _s ( a volcano 9 ord] t !re might be no eruption4 ,! victim 0 sl[ly tortur$ to dea? 9 ! temple by a prie/ess1 :o cut (f ! *ild's e>s1 nose1 f+]s1 & s on1 !n consummat$ ! sacrifice by splitt+ op5 ! brea/4 ,! spectacle 0 witness$ by hundr$s ( p1 & fea/+ & cock-fight+ w5t on = n9e days aft]w>ds4 ,9 c\rse ( "t ! annual human victim 0 replac$ by a wood5 puppet1 :i* 0 cut to pieces 9 ! same mann]47#eie7 ,! ,kayans ( ,borneo us$ to kill slaves at ! dea? ( a *ief & nail !m to ! tomb1 9 ord] t !y might accompany ! *ief on 8 long j\rney to ! o!r _w & paddle ! canoe 9 :i* he mu/ travel4 ,?is is no long] done1 b in/ead !y put up a wood5 figure ( a man at ! head & ano!r ( a woman at ! foot ( ! *ief's c(f9 z x lies 9 /ate be=e ! fun]al4 ,& a small wood5 image ( a man is usually fix$ on ! top ( ! tomb to r[ ! canoe = ! dead *ief47#eif7 ,9 anci5t times human sacrifices us$ to be (f]$ at ! graves ( ,mikados & pr9ces ( ,japan1 ! p]sonal att5dants ( ! deceas$ be+ buri$ alive )9 ! prec9cts ( ! tomb4 ,b a humane emp]or ord]$ t clay images %\ld !nce=? be sub/itut$ = live m5 & wom54 ,"o ( ^! images is n[ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum47#eig7 ,! ,toboongkoos ( c5tral ,celebes1 :o are report$ /ill to c>ry home z trophies ! heads ( _! sla9 enemies1 resort to ! foll[+ cure = c]ta9 k9ds ( sickness4 ,! hea!n prie/ess cuts ! lik5ess ( a human head out ( ! %ea? ( a sago-leaf & sets x up on ?ree /icks 9 ! c\rty>d ( ! h\se4 ,! pati5t1 array$ 9 8 or h] be/ clo!s1 is !n br\ght d[n into ! c\rt & rema9s !re :ile wom5 dance & s+ r\nd ! artificial head1 & m5 p]=m %am fights ) %ield1 spe>1 & b[1 j z !y did1 or p]haps /ill d1 :5 !y h br\ght back a human head f a raid4 ,aft] t ! sick man is tak5 back to ! h\se1 & an improvem5t 9 8 heal? is confid5tly expect$47#eih7 ,9 ?is c]emony ! %am head is d\btless a sub/itute = a real "o4 7,m#aga7 ,) ^! mock sacrifices ( human lives we may comp>e mimic sacrifices ( o!r k9ds4 ,9 s\!rn ,india1 z 9 _m p>ts ( ! _w1 x us$ to be cu/om>y to sacrifice jo9ts ( ! f+]s on c]ta9 occasions4 ,?us among ! ,morasas1 :5 a gr&*ild 0 born 9 ! family1 ! wife ( ! elde/ son ( ! gr&fa!r mu/ h ! la/ two jo9ts ( ! ?ird & f\r? f+]s ( h] "r h& amputat$ at a temple ( ,bhairava4 ,! amputation 0 p]=m$ by ! village c>p5t] ) a *isel4 ,n[adays1 ! cu/om hav+ be5 =bidd5 by ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t1 ! sacrifice is p]=m$ 9 mimicry4 ,"s p /ick gold or silv] pieces ) fl\r pa/e to ! ends ( _! f+]s & !n cut or pull !m (f4 ,o!rs tie fl[]s r\nd ! f+]s t us$ to be amputat$1 & g ?r\gh a pantomime ( cutt+ ! f+]s by putt+ a *isel on ! jo9t & !n tak+ x away4 ,o!rs aga9 twi/ gold wires 9 ! %ape ( r+s r\nd _! f+]s4 ,^! ! c>p5t] removes & appropriates47#eii7 ,9 ,niu or ,savage ,isl&1 9 ! ,s\? ,pacific1 ! foll[+ cu/om cont9u$ till lately to be obs]v$4 ,:5 a boy 0 a few weeks old ! m5 assembl$1 & a fea/ 0 made4 ,on ! village squ>e an awn+ 0 rigg$ up1 & ! *ild 0 laid on ! gr\nd "u x4 ,an old man !n approa*$ x1 & p]=m$ ! op]ation ( circumcision on ! infant 9 dumb %[ ) 8 =ef+]4 ,no *ild 0 reg>d$ z a full-born memb] ( ! tribe till he _h be5 subject$ to ?is rite4 ,! natives say t real circumcision 0 nev] p]=m$ 9 _! isl&2 b z x 0 commonly practis$ 9 ,fiji1 ,tonga1 & ,samoa1 we may assume t its imitation 9 ,niu 0 a sub/itute1 introduc$ at "s "t or o!r1 = ! actual op]ation47#fjj7 ,simil>ly :5 an adult ,h9doo jo9s ! sect ( ! ,daira or ,mahadev ,mohamm$ans 9 ,mysore1 a mock rite ( circumcision is p]=m$ on him in/ead ( ! real op]ation4 ,a betel leaf is wrapp$ r\nd ! male memb] ( ! neophyte & ! loose end ( ! leaf is snipp$ (f in/ead ( ! prepuce47#fja7 #c4 ,bury+ ! ,c>nival4 7,m#agb7 ,?us f> ,i h (f]$ an explanation ( ! rule :i* requir$ t ! prie/ ( ,nemi %\ld be sla9 by 8 successor4 ,! explanation claims to be no m ?an probable2 our scanty k ( ! cu/om & ( its hi/ory =bids x to be m4 ,b its probability w be augm5t$ 9 proportion to ! ext5t to :i* ! motives & modes ( ?\ght :i* x assumes c be prov$ to h op]at$ 9 primitive society4 ,hi!rto ! god ) ^: dea? & resurrection we h be5 *iefly conc]n$ has be5 ! tree-god4 ,b if ,i c %ew t ! cu/om ( kill+ ! god & ! belief 9 8 resurrection orig9at$1 or at lea/ exi/$1 9 ! hunt+ & pa/oral /age ( society1 :5 ! sla9 god 0 an animal1 & t x surviv$ into ! agricultural /age1 :5 ! sla9 god 0 ! corn or a human be+ repres5t+ ! corn1 ! probability ( my explanation w h be5 consid]ably increas$4 ,?is ,i %all attempt to d 9 ! sequel1 & 9 ! c\rse ( ! discussion ,i hope to cle> up "s obscurities :i* /ill rema91 & to answ] "s objections :i* may h sugge/$ !mselves to ! read]4 7,m#agc7 ,we />t f ! po9t at :i* we left (f--! spr+ cu/oms ( ,european peasantry4 ,besides ! c]emonies already describ$ !re are two k9dr$ sets ( obs]vances 9 :i* ! simulat$ dea? ( a div9e or sup]natural be+ is a conspicu\s feature4 ,9 "o ( !m ! be+ ^: dea? is dramatically repres5t$ is a p]sonification ( ! ,c>nival2 9 ! o!r x is ,dea? himself4 ,! =m] c]emony falls naturally at ! end ( ! ,c>nival1 ei!r on ! la/ day ( t m]ry season1 namely ,%rove ,tuesday1 or on ! fir/ day ( ,l5t1 namely ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,! date ( ! o!r c]emony--! ,c>ry+ or ,driv+ out ( ,dea?1 z x is commonly call$--is n s uni=mly fix$4 ,g5]ally x is ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 :i* h5ce goes by ! "n ( ,dead ,sunday2 b 9 "s places ! celebration falls a week e>li]1 9 o!rs1 z among ! ,cze*s ( ,bohemia1 a week lat]1 :ile 9 c]ta9 ,g]man villages ( ,moravia x is held on ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ,ea/]4 ,p]haps1 z has be5 sugge/$1 ! date may orig9ally h be5 v>iable1 dep5d+ on ! appe>ance ( ! fir/ swall[ or "s o!r h]ald ( ! spr+4 ,"s writ]s reg>d ! c]emony z ,slavonic 9 its orig94 ,grimm ?\ght x 0 a fe/ival ( ! ,new ,ye> ) ! old ,slavs1 :o began _! ye> 9 ,m>*47#fjb7 ,we %all fir/ take examples ( ! mimic dea? ( ! ,c>nival1 :i* always falls be=e ! o!r 9 ! cal5d>4 7,m#agd7 ,at ,fros9one1 9 ,latium1 ab\t half-way betwe5 ,rome & ,naples1 ! dull monotony ( life 9 a prov9cial ,italian t[n is agreeably brok5 on ! la/ day ( ! ,c>nival by ! anci5t fe/ival kn[n z ! ,radica4 ,ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ! t[n b&1 play+ lively tunes & foll[$ by a great cr[d1 proce$s to ! ,piazza del ,plebiscito1 :]e is ! ,sub-,prefecture z well z ! re/ ( ! ,gov]nm5t build+s4 ,"h1 9 ! middle ( ! squ>e1 ! eyes ( ! expectant multitude are greet$ by ! sight ( an imm5se c> deck$ ) _m-col\r$ fe/oons & drawn by f\r horses4 ,m\nt$ on ! c> is a huge *air1 on :i* sits en?ron$ ! maje/ic figure ( ! ,c>nival1 a man ( /ucco ab\t n9e feet high ) a rubicund & smil+ c\nt5ance4 ,enorm\s boots1 a t9 helmet l ^? :i* grace ! heads ( (fic]s ( ! ,italian m>9e1 & a coat ( _m col\rs embelli%$ ) /range devices1 adorn ! outw>d man ( ?is /ately p]sonage4 ,8 left h& re/s on ! arm ( ! *air1 :ile ) 8 "r he gracefully salutes ! cr[d1 be+ mov$ to ?is act ( civility by a /r+ :i* is pull$ by a man :o mode/ly %r9ks f publicity "u ! m]cy-seat4 ,& n[ ! cr[d1 surg+ excit$ly r\nd ! c>1 gives v5t to its feel+s 9 wild cries ( joy1 g5tle & simple be+ mix$ up toge!r & all danc+ furi\sly ! ,salt>ello4 ,a special feature ( ! fe/ival is t e "o mu/ c>ry 9 8 h& :at is call$ a radica 78root071 by :i* is meant a huge leaf ( ! aloe or r ! agave4 ,any "o :o v5tur$ into ! cr[d )\t su* a leaf w\ld be unc]emoni\sly hu/l$ out ( x1 unless inde$ he bore z a sub/itute a l>ge cabbage at ! end ( a long /ick or a bun* ( grass curi\sly plait$4 ,:5 ! multitude1 aft] a %ort turn1 has escort$ ! sl[-mov+ c> to ! gate ( ! ,sub-,prefecture1 !y halt1 & ! c>1 jolt+ ov] ! unev5 gr\nd1 rumbles into ! c\rty>d4 ,a hu% n[ falls on ! cr[d1 _! subdu$ voices s\nd+1 accord+ to ! description ( "o :o has he>d !m1 l ! murmur ( a tr\bl$ sea4 ,all eyes are turn$ anxi\sly to ! door f :i* ! ,sub-,prefect himself & ! o!r repres5tatives ( ! maje/y ( ! law are expect$ to issue & pay _! homage to ! h]o ( ! h\r4 ,a few mom5ts ( susp5se & !n a /orm ( *e]s & h&-clapp+ salutes ! appe>ance ( ! dignit>ies1 z !y file out &1 desc5d+ ! /aircase1 take _! place 9 ! procession4 ,! hymn ( ! ,c>nival is n[ ?und]$ out1 aft] :i*1 amid a deaf5+ ro>1 aloe leaves & cabbages are :irl$ al(t & desc5d imp>tially on ! heads ( ! j & ! unju/1 :o l5d fre% ze/ to ! proce$+s by engag+ 9 a free fight4 ,:5 ^! prelim9>ies h be5 conclud$ to ! satisfaction ( all conc]n$1 ! procession gets "u weigh4 ,! re> is br\ght up by a c>t lad5 ) b>rels ( w9e & policem51 ! latt] engag$ 9 ! cong5ial task ( s]v+ out w9e to all :o ask = x1 :ile a mo/ int]nec9e /ruggle1 accompani$ by a copi\s dis*>ge ( yells1 bl[s1 & blasphemy1 goes on among ! surg+ cr[d at ! c>t's tail 9 _! anxiety n to miss ! glori\s opportunity ( intoxicat+ !mselves at ! public exp5se4 ,f9ally1 aft] ! procession has p>ad$ ! pr9cipal /reets 9 ?is maje/ic mann]1 ! effigy ( ,c>nival is tak5 to ! middle ( a public squ>e1 /ripp$ ( 8 f9]y1 laid on a pile ( wood1 & burnt amid ! cries ( ! multitude1 :o ?und]+ out once m ! song ( ! ,c>nival fl+ _! s-call$ 8roots0 on ! pyre & give !mselves up )\t re/ra9t to ! pleasures ( ! dance47#fjc7 7,m#age7 ,9 ! ,abruzzi a pa/ebo>d figure ( ! ,c>nival is c>ri$ by f\r grave-digg]s ) pipes 9 _! m\?s & bottles ( w9e slung at _! %\ld]-belts4 ,9 front walks ! wife ( ! ,c>nival1 dress$ 9 m\rn+ & dissolv$ 9 te>s4 ,f "t to "t ! company halts1 & :ile ! wife addresses ! sympa?is+ public1 ! grave-digg]s refre% ! inn] man ) a pull at ! bottle4 ,9 ! op5 squ>e ! mimic corpse is laid on a pyre1 & to ! roll ( drums1 ! %rill screams ( ! wom51 & ! gruff] cries ( ! m5 a light is set to x4 ,:ile ! figure burns1 *e/nuts are ?r[n ab\t among ! cr[d4 ,sometimes ! ,c>nival is repres5t$ by a /raw-man at ! top ( a pole :i* is borne ?r\gh ! t[n by a troop ( mumm]s 9 ! c\rse ( ! aft]noon4 ,:5 ev5+ comes on1 f\r ( ! mumm]s hold out a quilt or %eet by ! corn]s1 & ! figure ( ! ,c>nival is made to tumble into x4 ,! procession is !n resum$1 ! p]=m]s weep+ crocodile te>s & emphasis+ ! poignancy ( _! grief by ! help ( saucepans & d9n] bells4 ,sometimes1 aga91 9 ! ,abruzzi ! dead ,c>nival is p]sonifi$ by a liv+ man :o lies 9 a c(f91 att5d$ by ano!r :o acts ! prie/ & disp5ses holy wat] 9 great pr(usion f a ba?+ tub47#fjd7 ,9 ,malta ! dea? ( ! ,c>nival us$ to be m\rn$ by wom5 on ! la/ day ( ! m]ry fe/ival4 ,clad f head to foot 9 black mantles1 !y c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! city ! l95 effigy ( a corpse1 /uff$ ) /raw or hay & deck$ ) leaves & oranges4 ,z !y c>ri$ x1 !y *ant$ dirges1 /opp+ aft] e v]se to h[l l pr(essional m\rn]s4 ,! cu/om came to an end ab\t ! ye> #agcg47fje7 7,m#agf7 ,at ,l]ida1 9 ,catalonia1 ! fun]al ( ! ,c>nival 0 witness$ by an ,engli% travell] 9 #ahgg4 ,on ! la/ ,sunday ( ! ,c>nival a gr& procession ( infantry1 cavalry1 & mask]s ( _m sorts1 "s on horseback & "s 9 c>riages1 escort$ ! gr& c> ( ,8 ,grace ,pau ,pi1 z ! effigy 0 call$1 9 triumph ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets4 ,= ?ree days ! revelry ran high1 & !n at midnight on ! la/ day ( ! ,c>nival ! same procession aga9 w\nd ?r\gh ! /reets1 b "u a diff]5t aspect & = a diff]5t end4 ,! triumphal c> 0 ex*ang$ = a he>se1 9 :i* repos$ ! effigy ( 8 dead ,grace3 a troop ( mask]s1 :o 9 ! fir/ procession _h play$ ! "p ( ,/ud5ts ( ,folly ) _m a m]ry quip & je/1 n[1 rob$ z prie/s & bi%ops1 pac$ sl[ly along hold+ al(t huge light$ tap]s & s++ a dirge4 ,all ! mumm]s wore crape1 & all ! horsem5 c>ri$ blaz+ flambeaux4 ,d[n ! high /reet1 betwe5 ! l(ty1 _m-/orey$ & balconi$ h\ses1 :]e e w9d[1 e balcony1 e h\setop 0 cramm$ ) a d5se mass ( spectators1 all dress$ & mask$ 9 fanta/ic gorge\sness1 ! procession took its melan*oly way4 ,ov] ! sc5e fla%$ & play$ ! %ift+ cross-lights & %ad[s f ! mov+ tor*es3 r$ & blue ,b5gal lights fl>$ up & di$ out aga92 & above ! trampl+ ( ! horses & ! measur$ tread ( ! m>*+ multitude rose ! voices ( ! prie/s *ant+ ! requiem1 :ile ! milit>y b&s /ruck 9 ) ! solemn roll ( ! muffl$ drums4 ,on rea*+ ! pr9cipal squ>e ! procession halt$1 a burlesque fun]al oration 0 pron\nc$ ov] ! defunct ,pau ,pi1 & ! lights 7 ext+ui%$4 ,imm$iately ! devil & 8 angels d>t$ f ! cr[d1 seiz$ ! body & fl$ away ) x1 hotly pursu$ by ! :ole multitude1 yell+1 scream+1 & *e]+4 ,naturally ! fi5ds 7 ov]tak5 & disp]s$2 & ! %am corpse1 rescu$ f _! clut*es1 0 laid 9 a grave t _h be5 made ready = its reception4 ,?us ! ,c>nival ( #ahgg at ,l]ida di$ & 0 buri$47#fjf7 7,m#agg7 ,a c]emony ( ! same sort is obs]v$ 9 ,prov5ce on ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,an effigy call$ ,c>amantran1 :imsically attir$1 is drawn 9 a *>iot or borne on a litt]1 accompani$ by ! populace 9 grotesque co/umes1 :o c>ry g\rds full ( w9e & dra9 !m ) all ! m>ks1 real or affect$1 ( intoxication4 ,at ! head ( ! procession are "s m5 disguis$ z judges & b>ri/]s1 & a tall gaunt p]sonage :o masqu]ades z ,l5t2 beh9d !m foll[ "y p m\nt$ on mis]able hacks & attir$ z m\rn]s :o pret5d to bewail ! fate t is 9 /ore = ,c>amantran4 ,9 ! pr9cipal squ>e ! procession halts1 ! tribunal is con/itut$1 & ,c>amantran plac$ at ! b>4 ,aft] a =mal trial he is s5t5c$ to dea? amid ! groans ( ! mob2 ! b>ri/] :o def5d$ him embraces 8 cli5t = ! la/ "t3 ! (fic]s ( ju/ice d _! duty3 ! condemn$ is set ) 8 back to a wall & hurri$ into et]nity "u a %[] ( /ones4 ,! sea or a riv] receives 8 mangl$ rema9s47#fjg7 ,at ,lussac 9 ! dep>tm5t ( ,vi5ne "y p1 attir$ 9 long m\rn+ robes & ) woebegone c\nt5ances1 c>ry an effigy d[n to ! riv] on ,a% ,w$nesday & ?r[ x into ! riv]1 cry+1 8,c>nival is dead6 ,c>nival is dead607#fjh7 ,?r\gh\t ne>ly ! :ole ( ! ,ard5nes x 0 & /ill is cu/om>y on ,a% ,w$nesday to burn an effigy :i* is suppos$ to repres5t ! ,c>nival1 :ile appropriate v]ses are sung r\nd ab\t ! blaz+ figure4 ,v (t5 an attempt is made to fa%ion ! effigy 9 ! lik5ess ( ! husb& :o is reput$ to be lea/ fai?ful to 8 wife ( any 9 ! village4 ,z might p]haps h be5 anticipat$1 ! di/9ction ( be+ select$ = portraiture "u ^! pa9ful circum/ances has a slight t5d5cy to bre$ dome/ic j>s1 especially :5 ! portrait is burnt 9 front ( ! h\se ( ! gay deceiv] :om x repres5ts1 :ile a p[]ful *orus ( cat]wauls1 groans1 & o!r melodi\s s\nds be>s public te/imony to ! op9ion :i* 8 fri5ds & neighb\rs ent]ta9 ( 8 private virtues4 ,9 "s villages ( ! ,ard5nes a "y man ( fle% & blood1 dress$ up 9 hay & /raw1 us$ to act ! "p ( ,%rove ,tuesday 7,m>di ,gras71 z ! p]sonification ( ! ,c>nival is (t5 call$ 9 ,france aft] ! la/ day ( ! p]iod :i* he p]sonates4 ,he 0 br\ght be=e a mock tribunal1 & be+ condemn$ to dea? 0 plac$ ) 8 back to a wall1 l a soldi] at a milit>y execution1 & fir$ at ) blank c>tridges4 ,at ,vrigne-aux-,bois "o ( ^! h>mless buffoons1 nam$ ,?i]ry1 0 accid5tally kill$ by a wad t _h be5 left 9 a musket ( ! fir+-p>ty4 ,:5 poor ,%rove ,tuesday dropp$ "u ! fire1 ! applause 0 l\d & long1 he did x s naturally2 b :5 he did n get up aga91 !y ran to him & f\nd him a corpse4 ,s9ce !n !re h be5 no m ( ^! mock executions 9 ! ,ard5nes47#fji7 ,9 ,fran*e-,comt p us$ to make an effigy ( ,%rove ,tuesday on ,a% ,w$nesday1 & c>ry x ab\t ! /reets to ! accompanim5t ( songs4 ,!n !y br\ght x to ! public squ>e1 :]e ! (f5d] 0 tri$ 9 front ( ! t[n-hall4 ,judges muffl$ 9 old r$ curta9s & hold+ big books 9 _! h&s pron\nc$ s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,! mode ( execution v>i$ ) ! place4 ,sometimes x 0 burn+1 sometimes dr[n+1 sometimes decapitation4 ,9 ! la/ case ! effigy 0 provid$ ) tubes ( blood1 :i* sp\t$ gore at ! critical mom5t1 mak+ a pr(\nd impression on ! m9ds ( *ildr51 "s ( :om wept bitt]ly at ! sight4 ,meantime ! onlook]s utt]$ pi]c+ cries & appe>$ to be plung$ 9 ! deepe/ grief4 ,! proce$+s g5]ally w\nd up 9 ! ev5+ ) a ball1 :i* ! "y m>ri$ p 7 oblig$ to provide = ! public ent]ta9m5t2 o!rwise _! slumb]s 7 apt to be di/urb$ by ! discordant notes ( a cat's conc]t *ant$ "u _! w9d[s47#faj7 7,m#agh7 ,9 ,norm&y on ! ev5+ ( ,a% ,w$nesday x us$ to be ! cu/om to hold a celebration call$ ! ,burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday4 ,a squalid effigy scantily clo!d 9 rags1 a batt]$ old hat cru%$ d[n on 8 dirty face1 8 great r\nd paun* /uff$ ) /raw1 repres5t$ ! disreputable old rake :o aft] a long c\rse ( dissipation 0 n[ ab\t to suff] = 8 s9s4 ,hoi/$ on ! %\ld]s ( a /urdy fell[1 :o pret5d$ to /agg] "u ! burd51 ?is popul> p]sonification ( ! ,c>nival prom5ad$ ! /reets = ! la/ "t 9 a mann] ! rev]se ( triumphal4 ,prec$$ by a drumm] & accompani$ by a je]+ rabble1 among :om ! ur*9s & all ! tag-rag & bobtail ( ! t[n mu/]$ 9 great =ce1 ! figure 0 c>ri$ ab\t by ! flick]+ light ( tor*es to ! discordant d9 ( %ovels & tongs1 pots & pans1 horns & kettles1 m+l$ ) hoot+s1 groans1 & hisses4 ,f "t to "t ! procession halt$1 & a *ampion ( morality accus$ ! brok5-d[n old s9n] ( all ! excesses he _h committ$ & = :i* he 0 n[ ab\t to be burn$ alive4 ,! culprit1 hav+ no?+ to urge 9 8 own def5ce1 0 ?r[n on a heap ( /raw1 a tor* 0 put to x1 & a great blaze %ot up1 to ! delight ( ! *ildr5 :o frisk$ r\nd x scream+ out "s old popul> v]ses ab\t ! dea? ( ! ,c>nival4 ,sometimes ! effigy 0 roll$ d[n ! slope ( a hill be=e be+ burnt47#faa7 ,at ,sa9t-,l ! ragg$ effigy ( ,%rove ,tuesday 0 foll[$ by 8 wid[1 a big burly l\t dress$ z a woman ) a crape veil1 :o emitt$ s\nds ( lam5tation & woe 9 a /5torian voice4 ,aft] be+ c>ri$ ab\t ! /reets on a litt] att5d$ by a cr[d ( mask]s1 ! figure 0 ?r[n into ! ,riv] ,vire4 ,! f9al sc5e has be5 graphically describ$ by ,madame ,octave ,feuillet z %e witness$ x 9 h] *ildhood "s fifty ye>s ago4 8,my p>5ts invit$ fri5ds to see1 f ! top ( ! t[] ( ,jeanne ,c\ill>d1 ! fun]al procession pass+4 ,x 0 !re t1 quaff+ lemonade--! only refre%m5t all[$ because ( ! fa/--we witness$ at nightfall a spectacle ( :i* ,i %all always pres]ve a lively recollection4 ,at our feet fl[$ ! ,vire "u its old /one bridge4 ,on ! middle ( ! bridge lay ! figure ( ,%rove ,tuesday on a litt] ( leaves1 surr\nd$ by scores ( mask]s danc+1 s++1 & c>ry+ tor*es4 ,"s ( !m 9 _! motley co/umes ran along ! p>apet l fi5ds4 ,! re/1 worn out ) _! revels1 sat on ! po/s & doz$4 ,soon ! danc+ /opp$1 & "s ( ! troop1 seiz+ a tor*1 set fire to ! effigy1 aft] :i* !y flung x into ! riv] ) r$\bl$ %\ts & clam\r4 ,! man ( /raw1 soak$ ) res91 float$ away burn+ d[n ! /ream ( ! ,vire1 light+ up ) its fun]al fires ! woods on ! bank & ! battlem5ts ( ! old ca/le 9 :i* ,l\is ,,xi4 & ,francis ,i4 _h slept4 ,:5 ! la/ glimm] ( ! blaz+ phantom _h vani%$1 l a fall+ />1 at ! end ( ! valley1 e "o )drew1 cr[d & mask]s alike1 & we quitt$ ! ramp>ts ) our gue/s4 ,z we return$ home my fa!r sang gaily ! old popul> song3-- 8,%rove ,tuesday is dead & 8 wife has got ,8 %abby pocket-h&k]*ief & 8 crack$ old pot4 ,s+ high1 s+ l[1 ,%rove ,tuesday w come back no m40 #8,he w come back6 ,he w come back6' we cri$ w>mly1 clapp+ our h&s2 & he did come back next ye>1 & ,i ?9k ,i %\ld see him /ill if1 aft] ! lapse ( half a c5tury1 ,i return$ to ! l& ( my bir?407#fab7 7,m#agi7 ,9 ,upp] ,brittany ! burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday or ! ,c>nival is sometimes p]=m$ 9 a c]emoni\s mann]4 ,f\r "y fell[s c>ry a /raw-man or "o ( _! companions1 & are foll[$ by a fun]al procession4 ,a %[ is made ( deposit+ ! pret5d$ corpse 9 ! grave1 aft] :i* ! by/&]s make believe to m\rn1 cry+ out 9 melan*oly tones1 8,ah6 my poor little ,%rove ,tuesday60 ,! boy :o play$ ! "p ( ,%rove ,tuesday be>s ! "n = ! :ole ye>47#fac7 ,at ,lesnev5 9 ,l[] ,brittany x 0 =m]ly ! cu/om on ,a% ,w$nesday to burn a /raw-man1 cov]$ ) rags1 aft] he _h be5 prom5ad$ ab\t ! t[n4 ,he 0 foll[$ by a repres5tative ( ,%rove ,tuesday clo!d ) s>d9es & cods' tails47#fad7 ,at ,pontav5 9 ,f9i/re an effigy repres5t+ ! ,c>nival us$ to be ?r[n f ! quay into ! sea on ! morn+ ( ,a% ,w$nesday47#fae7 ,at ,la ,ro*elle ! port]s & sailors c>ri$ ab\t a man ( /raw repres5t+ ,%rove ,tuesday1 !n burn$ x on ,a% ,w$nesday & flung ! a%es into ! sea47#faf7 ,9 ,sa9tonge & ,aunis1 :i* correspond r\ghly to ! mod]n dep>tm5ts ( ,*>5te1 *ildr5 us$ to dr[n or burn a figure ( ! ,c>nival on ! morn+ ( ,a% ,w$nesday47#fag7 ,! beg9n+ ( ,l5t 9 ,engl& 0 =m]ly m>k$ by a cu/om :i* has n[ fall5 into disuse4 ,a figure1 made up ( /raw & ca/-(f clo!s1 0 drawn or c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets amid mu* noise & m]rim5t2 aft] :i* x 0 ei!r burnt1 %ot at1 or ?r[n d[n a *imney4 ,?is image w5t by ! "n ( ,jack o' ,l5t1 & 0 by "s suppos$ to repres5t ,judas ,isc>iot47#fah7 7,m#ahj7 ,a ,bohemian =m ( ! cu/om ( 8,bury+ ! ,c>nival0 has be5 already describ$47#fai7 ,! foll[+ ,swabian =m is obvi\sly simil>4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,tb+5 on ,%rove ,tuesday a /raw-man1 call$ ! ,%rovetide ,be>1 is made up2 he is dress$ 9 a pair ( old tr\s]s1 & a fre% black-pudd+ or two squirts fill$ ) blood are ins]t$ 9 8 neck4 ,aft] a =mal condemnation he is behead$1 laid 9 a c(f91 & on ,a% ,w$nesday is buri$ 9 ! *ur*y>d4 ,?is is call$ 8,bury+ ! ,c>nival407#fbj7 ,among/ "s ( ! ,saxons ( ,transylvania ! ,c>nival is hang$4 ,?us at ,brall] on ,a% ,w$nesday or ,%rove ,tuesday two :ite & two *e/nut horses draw a sl$ge on :i* is plac$ a /raw-man swa!d 9 a :ite clo?2 beside him is a c>t-:eel :i* is kept turn+ r\nd4 ,two lads disguis$ z old m5 foll[ ! sl$ge lam5t+4 ,! re/ ( ! village lads1 m\nt$ on horseback & deck$ ) ribbons1 accompany ! procession1 :i* is head$ by two girls cr[n$ ) ev]gre5 & drawn 9 a waggon or sl$ge4 ,a trial is held "u a tree1 at :i* lads disguis$ z soldi]s pron\nce s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,! two old m5 try to rescue ! /raw-man & to fly ) him1 b to no purpose2 he is caught by ! two girls & h&$ ov] to ! execution]1 :o hangs him on a tree4 ,9 va9 ! old m5 try to climb up ! tree & take him d[n2 !y always tumble d[n1 & at la/ 9 despair !y ?r[ !mselves on ! gr\nd & weep & h[l = ! hang$ man4 ,an (ficial !n makes a spee* 9 :i* he decl>es t ! ,c>nival 0 condemn$ to dea? because he _h done !m h>m1 by we>+ out _! %oes & mak+ !m tir$ & sleepy47#fba7 ,at ! 8,burial ( ,c>nival0 9 ,le*ra91 a man dress$ z a woman 9 black clo!s is c>ri$ on a litt] or bi] by f\r m52 he is lam5t$ ov] by m5 disguis$ z wom5 9 black clo!s1 !n ?r[n d[n be=e ! village dung-heap1 dr5*$ ) wat]1 buri$ 9 ! dung-heap1 & cov]$ ) /raw47#fbb7 ,simil>ly 9 ,s*rz+51 ne> ,s*mb]g1 ! 8,c>nival 7,%rovetide7 ,fool0 0 c>ri$ all ab\t ! village on a bi]1 prec$$ by a man dress$ 9 :ite1 & foll[$ by a devil :o 0 dress$ 9 black & c>ri$ *a9s1 :i* he clank$4 ,"o ( ! tra9 collect$ gifts4 ,aft] ! procession ! ,fool 0 buri$ "u /raw & dung47#fbc7 ,9 ,rottweil ! 8,c>nival ,fool0 is made drunk on ,a% ,w$nesday & buri$ "u /raw amid l\d lam5tation47#fbd7 ,9 ,wurml+5 ! ,fool is repres5t$ by a "y fell[ envelop$ 9 /raw1 :o is l$ ab\t ! village by a rope z a 8,be>0 on ,%rove ,tuesday & ! prec$+ day4 ,he dances to ! flute4 ,!n on ,a% ,w$nesday a /raw-man is made1 plac$ on a tr\gh1 c>ri$ out ( ! village to ! s\nd ( drums & m\rnful music1 & buri$ 9 a field47#fbe7 ,9 ,altdorf & ,we+>t5 on ,a% ,w$nesday ! ,fool1 repres5t$ by a /raw-man1 is c>ri$ ab\t & !n ?r[n into ! wat] to ! accompanim5t ( melan*oly music4 ,9 o!r villages ( ,swabia ! "p ( fool is play$ by a live p]son1 :o is ?r[n into ! wat] aft] be+ c>ri$ ab\t 9 procession47#fbf7 ,at ,balwe1 9 ,we/phalia1 a /raw-man is made on ,%rove ,tuesday & ?r[n into ! riv] amid rejoic+s4 ,?is is call$1 z usual1 8,bury+ ! ,c>nival407#fbg7 ,at ,burgebra*1 9 ,bav>ia1 x us$ to be cu/om>y1 z a public pa/ime1 to hold a sort ( c\rt ( ju/ice on ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,! accus$ 0 a /raw-man1 on :om 0 laid ! burd5 ( all ! notori\s transgressions t _h be5 committ$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>4 ,twelve *os5 maid5s sat 9 judgm5t & pron\nc$ s5t5ce1 & a s+le advocate plead$ ! cause ( ! public scapegoat4 ,f9ally ! effigy 0 burnt1 & ?us all ! (f5ces t _h creat$ a sc&al 9 ! community dur+ ! ye> 7 symbolically aton$ =4 ,we c h>dly d\bt t ?is cu/om ( burn+ a /raw-man on ,a% ,w$nesday = ! s9s ( a :ole ye> is only ano!r =m ( ! cu/om1 obs]v$ on ! same day 9 s _m o!r places1 ( burn+ an effigy :i* is suppos$ to embody & to be responsible = all ! excesses committ$ dur+ ! lic5ce ( ! ,c>nival4 7,m#aha7 ,9 ,greece a c]emony ( ! same sort 0 witness$ at ,pylos by ,mr4 ,e4 ,l4 ,tilton 9 #ahie4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! fir/ day ( ! ,greek ,l5t1 :i* fell t ye> on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,febru>y1 an effigy ) a grotesque mask = a face 0 borne ab\t ! /reets on a bi]1 prec$$ by a mock prie/ ) long :ite be>d4 ,o!r function>ies surr\nd$ ! bi] & two tor*-be>]s walk$ 9 advance4 ,! procession mov$ sl[ly to melan*oly music play$ by a pipe & drum4 ,a f9al halt 0 made 9 ! public squ>e1 :]e a circul> space 0 kept cle> ( ! surg+ cr[d4 ,"h a bonfire 0 k9dl$1 & r\nd x ! prie/ l$ a wild dance to ! same dron+ music4 ,:5 ! fr5zy 0 at its height1 ! *ief p]=m] put t[ on ! effigy & set fire to x1 & :ile x blaz$ he resum$ 8 mad c>e]1 br&i%+ tor*es & te>+ (f 8 v5]able be>d to add fuel to ! flames47#fbh7 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday ! ,e/honians make a /raw figure call$ metsik or 8wood-_s02 "o ye> x is dress$ ) a man's coat & hat1 next ye> ) a hood & a petticoat4 ,?is figure is /uck on a long pole1 c>ri$ across ! b\nd>y ( ! village ) l\d cries ( joy1 & fa/5$ to ! top ( a tree 9 ! wood4 ,! c]emony is believ$ to be a protection aga9/ all k9ds ( mis=tune47#fbi7 7,m#ahb7 ,sometimes at ^! ,%rovetide or ,l5t5 c]emonies ! resurrection ( ! pret5d$ dead p]son is enact$4 ,?us1 9 "s p>ts ( ,swabia on ,%rove ,tuesday ,dr4 ,iron-,be>d pr(esses to ble$ a sick man1 :o !reupon falls z dead to ! gr\nd2 b ! doctor at la/ re/ores him to life by bl[+ air into him ?r\gh a tube47#fcj7 ,9 ! ,h>z ,m\nta9s1 :5 ,c>nival is ov]1 a man is laid on a bak+-tr\gh & c>ri$ ) dirges to a grave2 b 9 ! grave a glass ( br&y is buri$ in/ead ( ! man4 ,a spee* is deliv]$ & !n ! p return to ! village-gre5 or meet+-place1 :]e !y smoke ! long clay pipes :i* are di/ribut$ at fun]als4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday 9 ! foll[+ ye> ! br&y is dug up & ! fe/ival beg9s by e "o ta/+ ! _s :i*1 z ! phrase goes1 has come to life aga947#fca7 #d4 ,c>ry+ out ,dea?4 7,m#ahc7 ,! c]emony ( 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 pres5ts mu* ! same features z 8,bury+ ! ,c>nival02 except t ! c>ry+ out ( ,dea? is g5]ally foll[$ by a c]emony1 or at lea/ accompani$ by a pr(ession1 ( br++ 9 ,summ]1 ,spr+1 or ,life4 ,?us 9 ,middle ,frank51 a prov9ce ( ,bav>ia1 on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 ! village ur*9s us$ to make a /raw effigy ( ,dea?1 :i* !y c>ri$ ab\t ) burlesque pomp ?r\gh ! /reets1 & aft]w>ds burn$ ) l\d cries beyond ! b\nds47#fcb7 ,! ,franki% cu/om is ?us describ$ by a writ] ( ! sixte5? c5tury3 8,at ,mid-,l5t1 ! season :5 ! *ur* bids u rejoice1 ! "y p ( my native c\ntry make a /raw image ( ,dea?1 & fa/5+ x to a pole c>ry x ) %\ts to ! neighb\r+ villages4 ,by "s !y are k9dly receiv$1 & aft] be+ refre%$ ) milk1 peas1 & dri$ pe>s1 ! usual food ( t season1 are s5t home aga94 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 treat !m ) any?+ b hospitality2 =1 look+ on !m z h>b+]s ( mis=tune1 to wit ( dea?1 !y drive !m f _! b\nd>ies ) weapons & insults407#fcc7 ,9 ! villages ne> ,erlang51 :5 ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t came r\nd1 ! peasant girls us$ to dress !mselves 9 all _! f9]y ) fl[]s 9 _! hair4 ,?us attir$ !y repair$ to ! neighb\r+ t[n1 c>ry+ puppets :i* 7 adorn$ ) leaves & cov]$ ) :ite clo?s4 ,^! !y took f h\se to h\se 9 pairs1 /opp+ at e door :]e !y expect$ to receive some?+1 & s++ a few l9es 9 :i* !y ann\nc$ t x 0 ,mid-,l5t & t !y 7 ab\t to ?r[ ,dea? into ! wat]4 ,:5 !y _h collect$ "s trifl+ gratuities !y w5t to ! riv] ,regnitz & flung ! puppets repres5t+ ,dea? into ! /ream4 ,?is 0 done to ensure a fruitful & prosp]\s ye>2 fur!r1 x 0 consid]$ a safegu>d aga9/ pe/il5ce & sudd5 dea?47#fcd7 ,at ,nuremb]g girls ( sev5 to eighte5 ye>s ( age g ?r\gh ! /reets be>+ a little op5 c(f91 9 :i* is a doll hidd5 "u a %r\d4 ,o!rs c>ry a bee* bran*1 ) an apple fa/5$ to x = a head1 9 an op5 box4 ,!y s+1 8,we c>ry ,dea? into ! wat]1 x is well10 or 8,we c>ry ,dea? into ! wat]1 c>ry him 9 & out aga9407#fce7 ,9 o!r p>ts ( ,bav>ia ! c]emony took place on ! ,saturday be=e ! fif? ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 & ! p]=m]s 7 boys or girls1 accord+ to ! sex ( ! la/ p]son :o di$ 9 ! village4 ,! figure 0 ?r[n into wat] or buri$ 9 a secret place1 = example "u moss 9 ! =e/1 t no "o might f9d ,dea? aga94 ,!n e>ly on ,sunday morn+ ! *ildr5 w5t f h\se to h\se s++ a song 9 :i* !y ann\nc$ ! glad tid+s t ,dea? 0 gone47#fcf7 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,bav>ia d[n to #aghj x 0 believ$ t a fatal epidemic w\ld ensue if ! cu/om ( 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 7 n obs]v$47#fcg7 7,m#ahd7 ,9 "s villages ( ,?r+51 on ! f\r? ,sunday ( ,l5t1 ! *ildr5 us$ to c>ry a puppet ( bir*5 twigs ?r\gh ! village1 & !n ?rew x into a pool1 :ile !y sang1 8,we c>ry ! old ,dea? out beh9d ! h]dsman's old h\se2 we h got ,summ]1 & ,krod5's 787 p[] is de/roy$407#fch7 ,at ,debs*witz or ,dobs*witz1 ne> ,g]a1 ! c]emony ( 8,driv+ out ,dea?0 is or 0 annually obs]v$ on ! fir/ ( ,m>*4 ,! "y p make up a figure ( /raw or ! l mat]ials1 dress x 9 old clo!s1 :i* !y h begg$ f h\ses 9 ! village1 & c>ry x out & ?r[ x into ! riv]4 ,on return+ to ! village !y break ! good news to ! p1 & receive eggs & o!r victuals z a rew>d4 ,! c]emony is or 0 suppos$ to purify ! village & to protect ! inhabitants f sickness & plague4 ,9 o!r villages ( ,?r+51 9 :i* ! population 0 orig9ally ,slavonic1 ! c>ry+ out ( ! puppet is accompani$ ) ! s++ ( a song1 :i* beg9s1 8,n[ we c>ry ,dea? out ( ! village & ,spr+ into ! village407#fci7 ,at ! end ( ! sev5te5? & beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury ! cu/om 0 obs]v$ 9 ,?r+5 z foll[s4 ,! boys & girls made an effigy ( /raw or ! l mat]ials1 b ! %ape ( ! figure v>i$ f ye> to ye>4 ,9 "o ye> x w\ld repres5t an old man1 9 ! next an old woman1 9 ! ?ird a "y man1 & 9 ! f\r? a maid51 & ! dress ( ! figure v>i$ ) ! "* x p]sonat$4 ,!re us$ to be a %>p conte/ z to :]e ! effigy 0 to be made1 = ! p ?\ght t ! h\se f :i* x 0 c>ri$ =? w\ld n be visit$ ) dea? t ye>4 ,hav+ be5 made1 ! puppet 0 fa/5$ to a pole & c>ri$ by a girl if x repres5t$ an old man1 b by a boy if x repres5t$ an old woman4 ,?us x 0 borne 9 procession1 ! "y p hold+ /icks 9 _! h&s & s++ t !y 7 driv+ out ,dea?4 ,:5 !y came to wat] !y ?rew ! effigy into x & ran ha/ily back1 fe>+ t x might jump on _! %\ld]s & wr+ _! necks4 ,!y also took c>e n to t\* x1 le/ x %\ld dry !m up4 ,on _! return !y beat ! cattle ) ! /icks1 believ+ t ?is w\ld make ! animals fat or fruitful4 ,aft]w>ds !y visit$ ! h\se or h\ses f :i* !y _h c>ri$ ! image ( ,dea?1 :]e !y receiv$ a dole ( half-boil$ peas47#fdj7 ,! cu/om ( 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 0 practis$ also 9 ,saxony4 ,at ,leipsic ! ba/>ds & public wom5 us$ to make a /raw effigy ( ,dea? e ye> at ,mid-,l5t4 ,?is !y c>ri$ ?r\gh all ! /reets ) songs & %ew$ x to ! "y m>ri$ wom54 ,f9ally !y ?rew x into ! riv] ,p>!4 ,by ?is c]emony !y pr(ess$ to make ! "y wives fruitful1 to purify ! city1 & to protect ! inhabitants = t ye> f plague & o!r epidemics47#fda7 7,m#ahe7 ,c]emonies ( ! same sort are obs]v$ at ,mid-,l5t 9 ,silesia4 ,?us 9 _m places ! gr[n girls ) ! help ( ! "y m5 dress up a /raw figure ) wom5's clo!s & c>ry x out ( ! village t[>ds ! sett+ sun4 ,at ! b\nd>y !y /rip x ( its clo!s1 te> x 9 pieces1 & scatt] ! fragm5ts ab\t ! fields4 ,?is is call$ 8,bury+ ,dea?40 ,z !y c>ry ! image out1 !y s+ t !y are ab\t to bury dea? "u an oak1 t he may dep>t f ! p4 ,sometimes ! song runs t !y are be>+ dea? ov] hill & dale to return no m4 ,9 ! ,poli% neighb\rhood ( ,gross-,/rehlitz ! puppet is call$ ,goik4 ,x is c>ri$ on horseback & ?r[n into ! ne>e/ wat]4 ,! p ?9k t ! c]emony protects !m f sickness ( e sort 9 ! com+ ye>4 ,9 ! di/ricts ( ,wohlau & ,guhrau ! image ( ,dea? us$ to be ?r[n ov] ! b\nd>y ( ! next village4 ,b z ! neighb\rs fe>$ to receive ! ill-om5$ figure1 !y 7 on ! look-out to repel x1 & h>d knocks 7 (t5 ex*ang$ betwe5 ! two p>ties4 ,9 "s ,poli% p>ts ( ,upp] ,silesia ! effigy1 repres5t+ an old woman1 goes by ! "n ( ,m>zana1 ! goddess ( dea?4 ,x is made 9 ! h\se :]e ! la/ dea? occurr$1 & is c>ri$ on a pole to ! b\nd>y ( ! village1 :]e x is ?r[n into a pond or burnt4 ,at ,polkwitz ! cu/om ( 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 fell into abeyance2 b an outbreak ( fatal sickness :i* foll[$ ! int]mission ( ! c]emony induc$ ! p to resume x47#fdb7 ,"s ( ! ,moravians ( ,silesia make ?ree puppets on ?is occasion3 "o repres5ts a man1 ano!r a bride1 & ! ?ird a bridesmaid4 ,! fir/ is c>ri$ by ! boys1 ! two la/ by ! girls4 ,=m]ly ^! effigies 7 torn to pieces at a brook2 n[ !y are br\ght home aga947#fdc7 ,9 ?is la/ cu/om two ( ! figures are cle>ly conceiv$ z bride & bridegroom4 7,m#ahf7 ,9 ,bohemia ! *ildr5 g out ) a /raw-man1 repres5t+ ,dea?1 to ! end ( ! village1 :]e !y burn x1 s++-- 8,n[ c>ry we ,dea? out ( ! village1 ,! new ,summ] into ! village1 ,welcome1 de> ,summ]1 ,gre5 little corn407#fdd7 ,at ,tabor 9 ,bohemia ! figure ( ,dea? is c>ri$ out ( ! t[n & flung f a high rock into ! wat]1 :ile !y s+-- 8,dea? swims on ! wat]1 ,summ] w soon be "h1 ,we c>ri$ ,dea? away = y1 ,we br\ght ! ,summ]4 ,& d ?\1 ,o holy ,m>keta1 ,give u a good ye> ,= :eat & = rye407#fde7 ,9 o!r p>ts ( ,bohemia !y c>ry ,dea? to ! end ( ! village1 s++-- 8,we c>ry ,dea? out ( ! village1 ,& ! ,new ,ye> into ! village4 ,de> ,spr+1 we bid y welcome1 ,gre5 grass1 we bid y welcome40 ,beh9d ! village !y erect a pyre1 on :i* !y burn ! /raw figure1 revil+ & sc(f+ at x ! :ile4 ,!n !y return1 s++-- 8,we h c>ri$ away ,dea?1 ,& br\ght ,life back4 ,he has tak5 up 8 qu>t]s 9 ! village1 ,!re=e s+ joy\s songs407#fdf7 7,m#ahg7 ,9 "s ,g]man villages ( ,moravia1 z 9 ,jassnitz & ,seit5dorf1 ! "y folk assemble on ! ?ird ,sunday 9 ,l5t & fa%ion a /raw-man1 :o is g5]ally adorn$ ) a fur cap & a pair ( old lea!rn hose1 if su* are to be _h4 ,! effigy is !n hoi/$ on a pole & c>ri$ by ! lads & lasses out into ! op5 fields4 ,on ! way !y s+ a song1 9 :i* x is said t !y are c>ry+ ,dea? away & br++ de> ,summ] into ! h\se1 & ) ,summ] ! ,may & ! fl[]s4 ,on rea*+ an appo9t$ place !y dance 9 a circle r\nd ! effigy ) l\d %\ts & screams1 !n sudd5ly ru% at x & te> x to pieces ) _! h&s4 ,la/ly1 ! pieces are ?r[n toge!r 9 a heap1 ! pole is brok51 & fire is set to ! :ole4 ,:ile x burns ! troop dances m]rily r\nd x1 rejoic+ at ! victory won by ,spr+2 & :5 ! fire has ne>ly di$ out !y g to ! h\sehold]s to beg = a pres5t ( eggs :]e) to hold a fea/1 tak+ c>e to give z a reason = ! reque/ t !y h c>ri$ ,dea? out & away47#fdg7 7,m#ahh7 ,! prec$+ evid5ce %ews t ! effigy ( ,dea? is (t5 reg>d$ ) fe> & treat$ ) m>ks ( hatr$ & abhorr5ce4 ,?us ! anxiety ( ! villag]s to transf] ! figure f _! own to _! neighb\rs' l&1 & ! reluctance ( ! latt] to receive ! om9\s gue/1 are pro( en\gh ( ! dread :i* x inspires4 ,fur!r1 9 ,lusatia & ,silesia ! puppet is sometimes made to look 9 at ! w9d[ ( a h\se1 & x is believ$ t "s "o 9 ! h\se w die )9 ! ye> unless 8 life is r$eem$ by ! paym5t ( money47#fdh7 ,aga91 aft] ?r[+ ! effigy away1 ! be>]s sometimes run home le/ ,dea? %\ld foll[ !m1 & if "o ( !m falls 9 runn+1 x is believ$ t he w die )9 ! ye>47#fdi7 ,at ,*rudim1 9 ,bohemia1 ! figure ( ,dea? is made out ( a cross1 ) a head & mask /uck at ! top1 & a %irt /ret*$ out on x4 ,on ! fif? ,sunday 9 ,l5t ! boys take ?is effigy to ! ne>e/ brook or pool1 & /&+ 9 a l9e ?r[ x into ! wat]4 ,!n !y all plunge 9 aft] x2 b z soon z x is caught no "o m may ent] ! wat]4 ,! boy :o did n ent] ! wat] or ent]$ x la/ w die )9 ! ye>1 & he is oblig$ to c>ry ! ,dea? back to ! village4 ,! effigy is !n burn$47#fej7 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is believ$ t no "o w die )9 ! ye> 9 ! h\se out ( :i* ! figure ( ,dea? has be5 c>ri$27#fea7 & ! village out ( :i* ,dea? has be5 driv5 is sometimes suppos$ to be protect$ aga9/ sickness & plague47#feb7 ,9 "s villages ( ,au/rian ,silesia on ! ,saturday be=e ,dead ,sunday an effigy is made ( old clo!s1 hay1 & /raw1 = ! purpose ( driv+ ,dea? out ( ! village4 ,on ,sunday ! p1 arm$ ) /icks & /raps1 assemble be=e ! h\se :]e ! figure is lodg$4 ,f\r lads !n draw ! effigy by cords ?r\gh ! village amid exultant %\ts1 :ile all ! o!rs beat x ) _! /icks & /raps4 ,on rea*+ a field :i* belongs to a neighb\r+ village !y lay d[n ! figure1 cudgel x s\ndly1 & scatt] ! fragm5ts ov] ! field4 ,! p believe t ! village f :i* ,dea? has be5 ?us c>ri$ out w be safe f any infecti\s disease = ! :ole ye>47#fec7 ,9 ,slavonia ! figure ( ,dea? is cudgell$ & !n r5t 9 two47#fed7 ,9 ,pol& ! effigy1 made ( hemp & /raw1 is flung into a pool or swamp ) ! words 8,! devil take !e407#fee7 #e4 ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman4 7,m#ahi7 ,! cu/om ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman10 :i* is or us$ to be obs]v$ 9 ,italy1 ,france1 & ,spa9 on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 is d\btless1 z ,grimm supposes1 m]ely ano!r =m ( ! cu/om ( 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?40 ,a great hide\s figure repres5t+ ! olde/ woman ( ! village 0 dragg$ out & sawn 9 two1 amid a prodigi\s noise made ) c[-bells1 pots & pans1 & s =?47#fef7 ,9 ,pal]mo ! repres5tation us$ to be /ill m lifelike4 ,at ,mid-,l5t an old woman 0 drawn ?r\gh ! /reets on a c>t1 att5d$ by two m5 dress$ 9 ! co/ume ( ! ,compagnia de' ,bian*i1 a society or religi\s ord] ^: function x 0 to att5d & console prison]s condemn$ to dea?4 ,a scaffold 0 erect$ 9 a public squ>e2 ! old woman m\nt$ x1 & two mock execution]s proce$$1 amid a /orm ( huzzas & h&-clapp+1 to saw ?r\gh h] neck1 or r ?r\gh a bladd] ( blood :i* _h be5 previ\sly fitt$ to x4 ,! blood gu%$ out & ! old woman pret5d$ to swoon & die4 ,! la/ ( ^! mock executions took place 9 #agcg47feg7 ,9 ,flor5ce1 dur+ ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies1 ! ,old ,woman 0 repres5t$ by a figure /uff$ ) walnuts & dri$ figs & fa/5$ to ! top ( a ladd]4 ,at ,mid-,l5t ?is effigy 0 sawn ?r\gh ! middle "u ! ,loggie ( ! ,m]cato ,nuovo1 & z ! dri$ fruits tumbl$ out !y 7 scrambl$ = by ! cr[d4 ,a trace ( ! cu/om is /ill to be se5 9 ! practice1 obs]v$ by ur*9s1 ( secretly p9n+ pap] ladd]s to ! %\ld]s ( wom5 ( ! l[] classes :o happ5 to %ew !mselves 9 ! /reets on ! morn+ ( ,mid-,l5t47#feh7 ,a simil> cu/om is obs]v$ by ur*9s 9 ,rome2 & at ,naples on ! fir/ ( ,april boys cut /rips ( clo? into ! %ape ( saws1 sme> !m ) gypsum1 & /rike pass]s-by ) _! saws on ! back1 ?us impr9t+ ! figure ( a saw ^u _! clo!s47#fei7 ,at ,montalto1 9 ,calabria1 boys g ab\t at ,mid-,l5t ) little saws made ( cane & je] at old p1 :o !re=e g5]ally /ay indoors on t day4 ,! ,calabrian wom5 meet toge!r at ?is "t & fea/ on figs1 *e/nuts1 honey1 & s =?2 ?is !y call 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0--a rem9isc5ce probably ( a cu/om l ! old ,flor5t9e "o47#ffj7 ,9 ,lomb>dy ! ,?ursday ( ,mid-,l5t is kn[n z ! ,day ( ! ,old ,wives 7il giorno delle vec*ie74 ,! *ildr5 run ab\t cry+ out = ! olde/ woman1 :om !y wi% to burn2 & fail+ to possess !mselves ( ! orig9al1 !y make a puppet repres5t+ h]1 :i* 9 ! ev5+ is consum$ on a bonfire4 ,on ! ,lake ( ,g>da ! blaze ( light fl>+ at diff]5t po9ts on ! hills produces a picturesque effect47#ffa7 7,m#aij7 ,9 ,b]ry1 a region ( c5tral ,france1 ! cu/om ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at ,mid-,l5t us$ to be popul>1 & has probably n :olly di$ out ev5 n[4 ,"h ! "n ( 8,fairs ( ! old ,wives0 0 giv5 to c]ta9 fairs held 9 ,l5t1 at :i* *ildr5 7 made to believe t !y w\ld see ! ,old ,woman ( ,mid-,l5t split or sawn asund]4 ,at ,arg5ton & ,cluis-,dessus1 :5 ,mid-,l5t has come1 *ildr5 ( t5 or twelve ye>s ( age sc\r ! /reets ) wood5 swords1 pursue ! old crones :om !y meet1 & ev5 try to break into ! h\ses :]e anci5t dames are kn[n to live4 ,pass]s-by1 :o see ! *ildr5 ?us engag$1 say1 8,!y are go+ to cut or sabre ! ,old ,woman40 ,meantime ! old wives take c>e to keep out ( sight z mu* z possible4 ,:5 ! *ildr5 ( ,cluis-,dessus h gone _! r\nds1 & ! day draws t[>ds ev5+1 !y repair to ,cluis-,dess\s1 :]e !y m\ld a rude figure ( an old woman out ( clay1 hew x 9 pieces ) _! wood5 swords1 & ?r[ ! bits into ! riv]4 ,at ,b\rges on ! same day1 an effigy repres5t+ an old woman 0 =m]ly sawn 9 two on ! cri]'s /one 9 a public squ>e4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 ! same t[n & on ! same day1 hundr$s ( *ildr5 assembl$ at ! ,hospital 8to see ! old woman split or divid$ 9 two40 ,a religi\s s]vice 0 held 9 ! build+ on ?is occasion1 :i* attract$ _m idl]s4 ,9 ! /reets x 0 n uncommon to he> cries ( 8,let u cleave ! ,old ,wife6 let u cleave ! olde/ woman ( ! w>d60 ,at ,tulle1 on ! day ( ,mid-,l5t1 ! p us$ to enquire aft] ! olde/ woman 9 ! t[n1 & to tell ! *ildr5 t at mid-day punctually %e 0 to be sawn 9 two at ,puy-,sa9t-,clair47#ffb7 7,m#aia7 ,9 ,b>celona on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t boys run ab\t ! /reets1 "s ) saws1 o!rs ) billets ( wood1 o!rs aga9 ) clo?s 9 :i* !y collect gratuities4 ,!y s+ a song 9 :i* x is said t !y are look+ = ! olde/ woman ( ! city = ! purpose ( saw+ h] 9 two 9 hon\r ( ,mid-,l5t2 at la/1 pret5d+ to h f\nd h]1 !y saw some?+ 9 two & burn x4 ,a l cu/om is f\nd among/ ! ,s\? ,slavs4 ,9 ,l5t ! ,croats tell _! *ildr5 t at noon an old woman is be+ sawn 9 two outside ! gates2 & 9 ,c>niola also ! say+ is curr5t t at ,mid-,l5t an old woman is tak5 out ( ! village & sawn 9 two4 ,! ,nor? ,slavonian expression = keep+ ,mid-,l5t is bbu rezati1 t is1 8saw+ ! ,old ,wife407#ffc7 ,9 ! ,graubnd5 ,canton ( ,switz]l&1 on ,invocavit ,sunday1 gr[n p us$ to assemble 9 ! ale-h\se & !re saw 9 two a /raw puppet :i* !y call$ ,mrs4 ,w9t] or ! ,ugly ,woman 7bagorda71 :ile ! *ildr5 9 ! /reets teas$ ea* o!r ) wood5 saws47#ffd7 7,m#aib7 ,among ! gypsies ( s\?-ea/]n ,europe ! cu/om ( 8saw+ ! ,old ,woman 9 two0 is obs]v$ 9 a v graphic =m1 n at ,mid-,l5t1 b on ! aft]noon ( ,palm ,sunday4 ,! ,old ,woman1 repres5t$ by a puppet ( /raw dress$ 9 wom5's clo!s1 is laid across a beam 9 "s op5 place & beat5 ) clubs by ! assembl$ gypsies1 aft] :i* x is sawn 9 two by a "y man & a maid51 bo? ( :om we> a disguise4 ,:ile ! effigy is be+ sawn ?r\gh1 ! re/ ( ! company dance r\nd x s++ songs ( v>i\s sorts4 ,! rema9s ( ! figure are f9ally burnt1 & ! a%es ?r[n into a /ream4 ,! c]emony is suppos$ by ! gypsies !mselves to be obs]v$ 9 hon\r ( a c]ta9 ,%ad[ ,que52 h5ce ,palm ,sunday goes by ! "n ,%ad[ ,day among all ! /roll+ gypsies ( ea/]n & s\!rn ,europe4 ,accord+ to ! popul> belief1 ?is ,%ad[ ,que51 ( :om ! gypsies ( to-day h only a v vague & confus$ conception1 vani%es und]gr\nd at ! appe>ance ( spr+1 b comes =? aga9 at ! beg9n+ ( w9t] to plague mank9d dur+ t inclem5t season ) sickness1 hung]1 & dea?4 ,among ! vagrant gypsies ( s\!rn ,hung>y ! effigy is reg>d$ z an expiatory & ?ank (f]+ made to ! ,%ad[ ,que5 = hav+ sp>$ ! p dur+ ! w9t]4 ,9 ,transylvania ! gypsies :o live 9 t5ts clo! ! puppet 9 ! ca/-(f g>m5ts ( ! woman :o has la/ become a wid[4 ,! wid[ h]self gives ! clo!s gladly = ?is purpose1 because %e ?9ks t be+ burnt !y w pass into ! possession ( h] dep>t$ husb&1 :o w ?us h no excuse = return+ f ! _s-l& to visit h]4 ,! a%es are ?r[n by ! ,transylvanian gypsies on ! fir/ gravey>d t !y pass on _! j\rney47#ffe7 ,9 ?is gypsy cu/om ! equival5ce ( ! effigy ( ! ,old ,woman to ! effigy ( ,dea? 9 ! cu/oms we h j be5 consid]+ comes out v cle>ly1 ?us /rongly confirm+ ! op9ion ( ,grimm t ! practice ( 8saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 is only ano!r =m ( ! practice ( 8c>ry+ out ,dea?40 7,m#aic7 ,! same p]haps may be said ( a some:at diff]5t =m :i* ! cu/om assumes 9 p>ts ( ,spa9 & ,italy4 ,9 ,spa9 x is sometimes usual on ,a% ,w$nesday to fa%ion an effigy ( /ucco or pa/ebo>d repres5t+ a hide\s old woman ) sev5 legs1 we>+ a cr[n ( sorrel & sp9a*1 & hold+ a sceptre 9 h] h&4 ,! sev5 sk9ny legs /& = ! sev5 weeks ( ! ,l5t5 fa/ :i* beg9s on ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,?is mon/]1 proclaim$ ,que5 ( ,l5t amid ! *ant+ ( lugubri\s songs1 is c>ri$ 9 triumph ?r\gh ! cr[d$ /reets & public places4 ,on rea*+ ! pr9cipal squ>e ! p put out _! tor*es1 cease %\t+1 & disp]se4 ,_! revels are n[ end$1 & !y take a v[ to hold no m m]ry meet+s until all ! legs ( ! old woman h fall5 "o by "o & %e has be5 behead$4 ,! effigy is !n deposit$ 9 "s place appo9t$ = ! purpose1 :]e ! public is admitt$ to see x dur+ ! :ole ( ,l5t4 ,e week1 on ,saturday ev5+1 "o ( ! ,que5's legs is pull$ (f2 & on ,holy ,saturday1 :5 f e *ur* t[] ! joy\s clang\r ( ! bells proclaims ! glad tid+s t ,*ri/ is ris51 ! mutilat$ body ( ! fall5 ,que5 is c>ri$ ) great solemnity to ! pr9cipal squ>e & publicly behead$47#fff7 7,m#aid7 ,a cu/om ( ! same sort prevails 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,italy4 ,?us 9 ! ,abruzzi !y hang a puppet ( t[1 repres5t+ ,l5t1 to a cord1 :i* /ret*es across ! /reet f "o w9d[ to ano!r4 ,sev5 fea!rs are atta*$ to ! figure1 & 9 its h& x grasps a di/aff & sp9dle4 ,e ,saturday 9 ,l5t "o ( ! sev5 fea!rs is pluck$ out1 & on ,holy ,saturday1 :ile ! bells are r++1 a /r+ ( *e/nuts is burnt = ! purpose ( s5d+ ,l5t & its meagre f>e to ! devil4 ,9 h\ses1 too1 x is usual to amuse *ildr5 by cutt+ ! figure ( an old woman ) sev5 legs out ( pa/ebo>d & /ick+ x beside ! *imney4 ,! old woman repres5ts ,l5t1 & h] sev5 legs are ! sev5 weeks ( ! fa/2 e ,saturday "o ( ! legs is amputat$4 ,at ,mid-,l5t ! effigy is cut ?r\gh ! middle1 & ! "p ( :i* ! feet h be5 already amputat$ is remov$4 ,sometimes ! figure is /uff$ ) sweets1 dri$ fruits1 & halfp5ce1 = :i* ! /reet ur*9s scramble :5 ! puppet is bisect$47#ffg7 ,9 ! ,sorr5t9e p59sula ,l5t is simil>ly repres5t$ by ! effigy ( a wr9kl$ old hag ) a sp9dle & di/aff1 :i* is fa/5$ to a balcony or a w9d[4 ,atta*$ to ! figure is an orange ) z _m fea!rs /uck into x z !re are weeks 9 ,l5t1 & at ! end ( ea* week "o ( ! fea!rs is pluck$ out4 ,at ,mid-,l5t ! puppet is sawn 9 two1 an op]ation :i* is sometimes att5d$ by a gu% ( blood f a bladd] conceal$ 9 ! int]ior ( ! figure4 ,any old wom5 :o %ew !mselves 9 ! /reets on t day are expos$ to jibes & je/s1 & may be w>n$ t !y ought to rema9 at home47#ffh7 ,at ,ca/ellamm>e1 to ! s\? ( ,naples1 an ,engli% lady obs]v$ a rude puppet dangl+ f a /r+ :i* spann$ "o ( ! n>r[ /reets ( ! old t[n1 be+ fa/5$ at ei!r end1 high ov]head1 to ! upp] "p ( ! _m-/ori$ h\ses4 ,! puppet1 ab\t a foot long1 0 dress$ all 9 black1 r l a nun1 & f ! skirts project$ five or six fea!rs :i* bore a c]ta9 resemblance to legs4 ,a peasant be+ ask$ :at ^! ?+s meant1 repli$ ) ,italian vagu5ess1 8,x is only ,l5t40 ,fur!r enquiries1 h[ev]1 elicit$ ! in=mation t at ! end ( e week 9 ,l5t "o ( ! fea!r legs 0 pull$ (f ! puppet1 & t ! puppet 0 f9ally de/roy$ on ! la/ day ( ,l5t47#ffi7 #f4 ,br++ 9 ,summ]4 7,m#aie7 ,9 ! prec$+ c]emonies ! return ( ,spr+1 ,summ]1 or ,life1 z a sequel to ! expulsion ( ,dea?1 is only impli$ or at mo/ ann\nc$4 ,9 ! foll[+ c]emonies x is pla9ly enact$4 ,?us 9 "s p>ts ( ,bohemia ! effigy ( ,dea? is dr[n$ by be+ ?r[n into ! wat] at sunset2 !n ! girls g out into ! wood & cut d[n a "y tree ) a gre5 cr[n1 hang a doll dress$ z a woman on x1 deck ! :ole ) gre51 r$1 & :ite ribbons1 & m>* 9 procession ) _! ,lto 7,summ]7 into ! village1 collect+ gifts & s++-- 8,dea? swims 9 ! wat]1 ,spr+ comes to visit u1 ,) eggs t are r$1 ,) yell[ pancakes4 ,we c>ri$ ,dea? out ( ! village1 ,we are c>ry+ ,summ] into ! village407#fgj7 ,9 _m ,silesian villages ! figure ( ,dea?1 aft] be+ treat$ ) respect1 is /ript ( its clo!s & flung ) curses into ! wat]1 or torn to pieces 9 a field4 ,!n ! "y folk repair to a wood1 cut d[n a small fir-tree1 peel ! trunk1 & deck x ) fe/oons ( ev]gre5s1 pap] roses1 pa9t$ egg-%ells1 motley bits ( clo?1 & s =?4 ,! tree ?us adorn$ is call$ ,summ] or ,may4 ,boys c>ry x f h\se to h\se s++ appropriate songs & begg+ = pres5ts4 ,among _! songs is ! foll[+3-- 8,we h c>ri$ ,dea? out1 ,we are br++ ! de> ,summ] back1 ,! ,summ] & ! ,may ,& all ! fl[]s gay40 ,sometimes !y also br+ back f ! wood a prettily adorn$ figure1 :i* goes by ! "n ( ,summ]1 ,may1 or ! ,bride2 9 ! ,poli% di/ricts x is call$ ,dziewanna1 ! goddess ( spr+47#fga7 ,at ,eis5a* on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t "y p us$ to fa/5 a /raw-man1 repres5t+ ,dea?1 to a :eel1 :i* !y trundl$ to ! top ( a hill4 ,!n sett+ fire to ! figure !y all[$ x & ! :eel to roll d[n ! slope4 ,next !y cut a tall fir-tree1 trick$ x out ) ribbons1 & set x up 9 ! pla94 ,! m5 !n climb$ ! tree to fet* d[n ! ribbons47#fgb7 ,9 ,upp] ,lusatia ! figure ( ,dea?1 made ( /raw & rags1 is dress$ 9 a veil furni%$ by ! la/ bride & a %irt provid$ by ! h\se 9 :i* ! la/ dea? took place4 ,?us array$ ! figure is /uck on ! end ( a long pole & c>ri$ at full spe$ by ! talle/ & /ronge/ girl1 :ile ! re/ pelt ! effigy ) /icks & /ones4 ,:oev] hits x w be sure to live ?r\gh ! ye>4 ,9 ?is way ,dea? is c>ri$ out ( ! village & ?r[n into ! wat] or ov] ! b\nd>y ( ! next village4 ,on _! way home ea* "o breaks a gre5 bran* & c>ries x gaily ) him till he rea*es ! village1 :5 he ?r[s x away4 ,sometimes ! "y p ( ! next village1 ^u ^: l& ! figure has be5 ?r[n1 run aft] !m & hurl x back1 n wi%+ to h ,dea? among !m4 ,h5ce ! two p>ties occasionally come to bl[s47#fgc7 7,m#aif7 ,9 ^! cases ,dea? is repres5t$ by ! puppet :i* is ?r[n away1 ,summ] or ,life by ! bran*es or trees :i* are br\ght back4 ,b sometimes a new pot5cy ( life seems to be attribut$ to ! image ( ,dea? itself1 & by a k9d ( resurrection x becomes ! in/rum5t ( ! g5]al revival4 ,?us 9 "s p>ts ( ,lusatia wom5 alone are conc]n$ 9 c>ry+ out ,dea?1 & suff] no male to m$dle ) x4 ,attir$ 9 m\rn+1 :i* !y we> ! :ole day1 !y make a puppet ( /raw1 clo! x 9 a :ite %irt1 & give x a broom 9 "o h& & a scy! 9 ! o!r4 ,s++ songs & pursu$ by ur*9s ?r[+ /ones1 !y c>ry ! puppet to ! village b\nd>y1 :]e !y te> x 9 pieces4 ,!n !y cut d[n a f9e tree1 hang ! %irt on x1 & c>ry x home s++47#fgd7 ,on ! ,fea/ ( ,asc5sion ! ,saxons ( ,brall]1 a village ( ,transylvania1 n f> f ,h]mann/adt1 obs]ve ! c]emony ( 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,aft] morn+ s]vice all ! s*ool-girls repair to ! h\se ( "o ( _! numb]1 & !re dress up ! ,dea?4 ,?is is done by ty+ a ?re%$-out %eaf ( corn into a r\gh semblance ( a head & body1 :ile ! arms are simulat$ by a broom/ick ?ru/ ?r\gh x horizontally4 ,! figure is dress$ 9 ! holiday attire ( a "y peasant woman1 ) a r$ hood1 silv] broo*es1 & a pr(usion ( ribbons at ! arms & brea/4 ,! girls bu/le at _! "w1 = soon ! bells w be r++ to vesp]s1 & ! ,dea? mu/ be ready 9 "t to be plac$ at ! op5 w9d[1 t all ! p may see x on _! way to *ur*4 ,:5 vesp]s are ov]1 ! long$-= mom5t has come = ! fir/ procession ) ! ,dea? to beg92 x is a privilege t belongs to ! s*ool-girls alone4 ,two ( ! old] girls seize ! figure by ! arms & walk 9 front3 all ! re/ foll[ two & two4 ,boys may take no "p 9 ! procession1 b !y troop aft] x gaz+ ) op5-m\!d admiration at ! 8beautiful ,dea?40 ,s ! procession goes ?r\gh all ! /reets ( ! village1 ! girls s++ ! old hymn t beg9s-- 8,gott me9 ,vat]1 de9e ,liebe ,rei*t s weit d] ,himmel i/10 to a tune t diff]s f ! ord9>y "o4 ,:5 ! procession has w\nd its way ?r\gh e /reet1 ! girls g to ano!r h\se1 & hav+ %ut ! door aga9/ ! eag] pry+ cr[d ( boys :o foll[ at _! heels1 !y /rip ! ,dea? & pass ! nak$ truss ( /raw out ( ! w9d[ to ! boys1 :o p\nce on x1 run out ( ! village ) x )\t s++1 & fl+ ! dilapidat$ effigy into ! neighb\r+ brook4 ,?is done1 ! second sc5e ( ! little drama beg9s4 ,:ile ! boys 7 c>ry+ away ! ,dea? out ( ! village1 ! girls rema9$ 9 ! h\se1 & "o ( !m is n[ dress$ 9 all ! f9]y :i* _h be5 worn by ! effigy4 ,?us array$ %e is l$ 9 procession ?r\gh all ! /reets to ! s++ ( ! same hymn z be=e4 ,:5 ! procession is ov] !y all betake !mselves to ! h\se ( ! girl :o play$ ! lead+ "p4 ,"h a fea/ awaits !m f :i* also ! boys are exclud$4 ,x is a popul> belief t ! *ildr5 may safely beg9 to eat gooseb]ries & o!r fruit aft] ! day on :i* ,dea? has ?us be5 c>ri$ out2 = ,dea?1 :i* up to t "t lurk$ especially 9 gooseb]ries1 is n[ de/roy$4 ,fur!r1 !y may n[ ba! ) impunity out ( doors47#fge7 ,v simil> is ! c]emony :i*1 d[n to rec5t ye>s1 0 obs]v$ 9 "s ( ! ,g]man villages ( ,moravia4 ,boys & girls met on ! aft]noon ( ! fir/ ,sunday aft] ,ea/]1 & toge!r fa%ion$ a puppet ( /raw to repres5t ,dea?4 ,deck$ ) bright-col\r$ ribbons & clo?s1 & fa/5$ to ! top ( a long pole1 ! effigy 0 !n borne ) s++ & clam\r to ! ne>e/ height1 :]e x 0 /ript ( its gay attire & ?r[n or roll$ d[n ! slope4 ,"o ( ! girls 0 next dress$ 9 ! gauds tak5 f ! effigy ( ,dea?1 & ) h] at its head ! procession mov$ back to ! village4 ,9 "s villages ! practice is to bury ! effigy 9 ! place t has ! mo/ evil reputation ( all ! c\ntry-side3 o!rs ?r[ x into runn+ wat]47#fgf7 7,m#aig7 ,9 ! ,lusatian c]emony describ$ above17#fgg7 ! tree :i* is br\ght home aft] ! de/ruction ( ! figure ( ,dea? is pla9ly equival5t to ! trees or bran*es :i*1 9 ! prec$+ cu/oms1 7 br\ght back z repres5tatives ( ,summ] or ,life1 aft] ,dea? _h be5 ?r[n away or de/roy$4 ,b ! transf]5ce ( ! %irt worn by ! effigy ( ,dea? to ! tree cle>ly indicates t ! tree is a k9d ( revivification1 9 a new =m1 ( ! de/roy$ effigy47#fgh7 ,?is comes out also 9 ! ,transylvanian & ,moravian cu/oms3 ! dress+ ( a girl 9 ! clo!s worn by ! ,dea?1 & ! lead+ h] ab\t ! village to ! same song :i* _h be5 sung :5 ! ,dea? 0 be+ c>ri$ ab\t1 %ew t %e is int5d$ to be a k9d ( resuscitation ( ! be+ ^: effigy has j be5 de/roy$4 ,^! examples !re=e sugge/ t ! ,dea? ^: demolition is repres5t$ 9 ^! c]emonies _c be reg>d$ z ! purely de/ructive ag5t :i* we und]/& by ,dea?4 ,if ! tree :i* is br\ght back z an embodim5t ( ! reviv+ vegetation ( spr+ is clo!d 9 ! %irt worn by ! ,dea? :i* has j be5 de/roy$1 ! object c]ta9ly _c be to *eck & c\nt]act ! revival ( vegetation3 x c only be to fo/] & promote x4 ,!re=e ! be+ :i* has j be5 de/roy$--! s-call$ ,dea?--mu/ be suppos$ to be end[$ ) a vivify+ & quick5+ influ5ce1 :i* x c communicate to ! vegetable & ev5 ! animal _w4 ,?is ascription ( a life-giv+ virtue to ! figure ( ,dea? is put beyond a d\bt by ! cu/om1 obs]v$ 9 "s places1 ( tak+ pieces ( ! /raw effigy ( ,dea? & plac+ !m 9 ! fields to make ! crops gr[1 or 9 ! mang] to make ! cattle ?rive4 ,?us 9 ,spa*5dorf1 a village ( ,au/rian ,silesia1 ! figure ( ,dea?1 made ( /raw1 bru%wood1 & rags1 is c>ri$ ) wild songs to an op5 place outside ! village & !re burn$1 & :ile x is burn+ a g5]al /ruggle takes place = ! pieces1 :i* are pull$ out ( ! flames ) b>e h&s4 ,ea* "o :o secures a fragm5t ( ! effigy ties x to a bran* ( ! l>ge/ tree 9 8 g>d51 or buries x 9 8 field1 9 ! belief t ?is causes ! crops to gr[ bett]47#fgi7 ,9 ! ,troppau di/rict ( ,au/rian ,silesia ! /raw figure :i* ! boys make on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t is dress$ by ! girls 9 woman's clo!s & hung ) ribbons1 necklace1 & g>l&s4 ,atta*$ to a long pole x is c>ri$ out ( ! village1 foll[$ by a troop ( "y p ( bo? sexes1 :o alt]nately frolic1 lam5t1 & s+ songs4 ,arriv$ at its de/9ation--a field outside ! village--! figure is /ripp$ ( its clo!s & ornam5ts2 !n ! cr[d ru%es at x & te>s x to bits1 scuffl+ = ! fragm5ts4 ,e "o tries to get a wisp ( ! /raw ( :i* ! effigy 0 made1 because su* a wisp1 plac$ 9 ! mang]1 is believ$ to make ! cattle ?rive47#fhj7 ,or ! /raw is put 9 ! h5s' ne/1 x be+ suppos$ t ?is prev5ts ! h5s f c>ry+ away _! eggs1 & makes !m brood mu* bett]47#fha7 ,! same attribution ( a f]tilis+ p[] to ! figure ( ,dea? appe>s 9 ! belief t if ! be>]s ( ! figure1 aft] ?r[+ x away1 beat cattle ) _! /icks1 ?is w r5d] ! bea/s fat or prolific47#fhb7 ,p]haps ! /icks _h be5 previ\sly us$ to beat ! ,dea?17#fhc7 & s _h acquir$ ! f]tilis+ p[] ascrib$ to ! effigy4 ,we h se51 too1 t at ,leipsic a /raw effigy ( ,dea? 0 %ewn to "y wives to make !m fruitful47#fhd7 7,m#aih7 ,x seems h>dly possible to sep>ate f ! ,may-trees ! trees or bran*es :i* are br\ght into ! village aft] ! de/ruction ( ! ,dea?4 ,! be>]s :o br+ !m 9 pr(ess to be br++ 9 ! ,summ]17#fhe7 !re=e ! trees obvi\sly repres5t ! ,summ]2 inde$ 9 ,silesia !y are commonly call$ ! ,summ] or ! ,may17#fhf7 & ! doll :i* is sometimes atta*$ to ! ,summ]-tree is a duplicate repres5tative ( ! ,summ]1 j z ! ,may is sometimes repres5t$ at ! same "t by a ,may-tree & a ,may ,lady47#fhg7 ,fur!r1 ! ,summ]-trees are adorn$ l ,may-trees ) ribbons & s on2 l ,may-trees1 :5 l>ge1 !y are plant$ 9 ! gr\nd & climb$ up2 & l ,may-trees1 :5 small1 !y are c>ri$ f door to door by boys or girls s++ songs & collect+ money47#fhh7 ,& z if to demon/rate ! id5tity ( ! two sets ( cu/oms ! be>]s ( ! ,summ]-tree sometimes ann\nce t !y are br++ 9 ! ,summ] & ! ,may47#fhi7 ,! cu/oms1 !re=e1 ( br++ 9 ! ,may & br++ 9 ! ,summ] are ess5tially ! same2 & ! ,summ]-tree is m]ely ano!r =m ( ! ,may-tree1 ! only di/9ction 7besides t ( "n7 be+ 9 ! "t at :i* !y are respectively br\ght 92 = :ile ! ,may-tree is usually fet*$ 9 on ! fir/ ( ,may or at ,:itsuntide1 ! ,summ]-tree is fet*$ 9 on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t4 ,!re=e1 if ! ,may-tree is an embodim5t ( ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation1 ! ,summ]-tree mu/ likewise be an embodim5t ( ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation4 ,b we h se5 t ! ,summ]-tree is 9 "s cases a revivification ( ! effigy ( ,dea?4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t 9 ^! cases ! effigy call$ ,dea? mu/ be an embodim5t ( ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation4 ,?is inf]5ce is confirm$1 fir/1 by ! vivify+ & f]tilis+ influ5ce :i* ! fragm5ts ( ! effigy ( ,dea? are believ$ to ex]cise bo? on vegetable & on animal life27#fij7 = ?is influ5ce1 z we saw 9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is "w17#fia7 is suppos$ to be a special attribute ( ! tree-_s4 ,x is confirm$1 secondly1 by obs]v+ t ! effigy ( ,dea? is sometimes deck$ ) leaves or made ( twigs1 bran*es1 hemp1 or a ?re%$-out %eaf ( corn27#fib7 & t sometimes x is hung on a little tree & s c>ri$ ab\t by girls collect+ money17#fic7 j z is done ) ! ,may-tree & ! ,may ,lady1 & ) ! ,summ]-tree & ! doll atta*$ to x4 ,9 %ort we are driv5 to reg>d ! expulsion ( ,dea? & ! br++ 9 ( ,summ] z1 9 "s cases at lea/1 m]ely ano!r =m ( t dea? & revival ( ! _s ( vegetation 9 spr+ :i* we saw enact$ 9 ! kill+ & resurrection ( ! ,wild ,man47#fid7 ,! burial & resurrection ( ! ,c>nival is probably ano!r way ( express+ ! same idea4 ,! int]m5t ( ! repres5tative ( ! ,c>nival "u a dung-heap7#fie7 is natural1 if he is suppos$ to possess a quick5+ & f]tilis+ influ5ce l t ascrib$ to ! effigy ( ,dea?4 ,! ,e/honians1 inde$1 :o c>ry ! /raw figure out ( ! village 9 ! usual way on ,%rove ,tuesday1 d n call x ! ,c>nival1 b ! ,wood-_s 7,metsik71 & !y cle>ly indicate ! id5tity ( ! effigy ) ! wood-_s by fix+ x to ! top ( a tree 9 ! wood1 :]e x rema9s = a ye>1 & is bes\ght almo/ daily ) pray]s & (f]+s to protect ! h]ds2 = l a true wood-_s ! ,metsik is a patron ( cattle4 ,sometimes ! ,metsik is made ( %eaves ( corn47#fif7 7,m#aii7 ,?us we may fairly conjecture t ! names ,c>nival1 ,dea?1 & ,summ] are comp>atively late & inadequate expressions = ! be+s p]sonifi$ or embodi$ 9 ! cu/oms ) :i* we h be5 deal+4 ,! v ab/ractness ( ! names bespeaks a mod]n orig92 = ! p]sonification ( times & seasons l ! ,c>nival & ,summ]1 or ( an ab/ract notion l dea?1 is h>dly primitive4 ,b ! c]emonies !mselves be> ! /amp ( a dateless antiquity2 !re=e we c h>dly help suppos+ t 9 _! orig9 ! ideas :i* !y embodi$ 7 ( a m simple & concrete ord]4 ,! notion ( a tree1 p]haps ( a p>ticul> k9d ( tree 7= "s savages h no ^w = tree 9 g5]al71 or ev5 ( an individual tree1 is suffici5tly concrete to supply a basis f :i* by a gradual process ( g5]alisation ! wid] idea ( a _s ( vegetation might be rea*$4 ,b ?is g5]al idea ( vegetation w\ld readily be conf\nd$ ) ! season 9 :i* x manife/s itself2 h5ce ! sub/itution ( ,spr+1 ,summ]1 or ,may = ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation w\ld be easy & natural4 ,aga91 ! concrete notion ( ! dy+ tree or dy+ vegetation w\ld by a simil> process ( g5]alisation glide into a notion ( dea? 9 g5]al2 s t ! practice ( c>ry+ out ! dy+ or dead vegetation 9 spr+1 z a prelim9>y to its revival1 w\ld 9 "t wid5 out into an attempt to bani% ,dea? 9 g5]al f ! village or di/rict4 ,! view t 9 ^! spr+ c]emonies ,dea? meant orig9ally ! dy+ or dead vegetation ( w9t] has ! high support ( ,w4 ,mannh>dt2 & he confirms x by ! analogy ( ! "n ,dea? z appli$ to ! _s ( ! ripe corn4 ,commonly ! _s ( ! ripe corn is conceiv$1 n z dead1 b z old1 & h5ce x goes by ! "n ( ! ,old ,man or ! ,old ,woman4 ,b 9 "s places ! la/ %eaf cut at h>ve/1 :i* is g5]ally believ$ to be ! seat ( ! corn _s1 is call$ ! ,dead ,"o3 *ildr5 are w>n$ aga9/ ent]+ ! corn-fields because ,dea? sits 9 ! corn2 &1 9 a game play$ by ,saxon *ildr5 9 ,transylvania at ! maize h>ve/1 ,dea? is repres5t$ by a *ild completely cov]$ ) maize leaves47#fig7 #g4 ,battle ( ,summ] & ,w9t]4 7,m#bjj7 ,sometimes 9 ! popul> cu/oms ( ! peasantry ! contra/ betwe5 ! dormant p[]s ( vegetation 9 w9t] & _! awak5+ vitality 9 spr+ takes ! =m ( a dramatic conte/ betwe5 actors :o play ! p>ts respectively ( ,w9t] & ,summ]4 ,?us 9 ! t[ns ( ,sw$5 on ,may ,day two troops ( "y m5 on horseback us$ to meet z if = mortal combat4 ,"o ( !m 0 l$ by a repres5tative ( ,w9t] clad 9 furs1 :o ?rew sn[balls & ice 9 ord] to prolong ! cold wea!r4 ,! o!r troop 0 comm&$ by a repres5tative ( ,summ] cov]$ ) fre% leaves & fl[]s4 ,9 ! %am fight :i* foll[$ ! p>ty ( ,summ] came (f victori\s1 & ! c]emony end$ ) a fea/47#fih7 ,aga91 9 ! region ( ! middle ,rh9e1 a repres5tative ( ,summ] clad 9 ivy combats a repres5tative ( ,w9t] clad 9 /raw or moss & f9ally ga9s a victory ov] him4 ,! vanqui%$ foe is ?r[n to ! gr\nd & /ripp$ ( 8 cas+ ( /raw1 :i* is torn to pieces & scatt]$ ab\t1 :ile ! y\?ful comrades ( ! two *ampions s+ a song to commemorate ! defeat ( ,w9t] by ,summ]4 ,aft]w>ds !y c>ry ab\t a summ] g>l& or bran* & collect gifts ( eggs & bacon f h\se to h\se4 ,sometimes ! *ampion :o acts ! "p ( ,summ] is dress$ 9 leaves & fl[]s & we>s a *aplet ( fl[]s on 8 head4 ,9 ! ,palat9ate ?is mimic conflict takes place on ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t47#fii7 ,all ov] ,bav>ia ! same drama us$ to be act$ on ! same day1 & x 0 /ill kept up 9 "s places d[n to ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury or lat]4 ,:ile ,summ] appe>$ clad all 9 gre51 deck$ ) flutt]+ ribbons1 & c>ry+ a bran* 9 blossom or a little tree hung ) apples & pe>s1 ,w9t] 0 muffl$ up 9 cap & mantle ( fur & bore 9 8 h& a sn[-%ovel or a flail4 ,accompani$ by _! respective ret9ues dress$ 9 correspond+ attire1 !y w5t ?r\gh all ! /reets ( ! village1 halt+ be=e ! h\ses & s++ /aves ( old songs1 = :i* !y receiv$ pres5ts ( bread1 eggs1 & fruit4 ,f9ally1 aft] a %ort /ruggle1 ,w9t] 0 beat5 by ,summ] & duck$ 9 ! village well or driv5 out ( ! village ) %\ts & laught] into ! =e/47#gjj7 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,bav>ia ! boys :o play ! p>ts ( ,w9t] & ,summ] act _! little drama 9 e h\se t !y visit1 & engage 9 a w> ( words be=e !y come to bl[s1 ea* ( !m vaunt+ ! pleasures & b5efits ( ! season he repres5ts & disp>ag+ ^? ( ! o!r4 ,! dialogue is 9 v]se4 ,a few c\plets may s]ve z specim5s3-- ,,summ] 8,gre51 gre5 are mead[s :]ev] ,i pass ,& ! m[]s are busy among ! grass40 ,,w9t] 8,:ite1 :ite are ! mead[s :]ev] ,i g1 ,& ! sl$ges glide hiss+ across ! sn[40 ,,summ] 8,i'll climb up ! tree :]e ! r$ *]ries gl[1 ,& ,w9t] c /& by himself d[n bel[40 ,,w9t] 8,) y ,i w climb ! *]ry-tree tall1 ,its bran*es w k9dle ! fire 9 ! hall40 ,,summ] 8,o ,w9t]1 y are mo/ uncivil ,to s5d old wom5 to ! devil40 ,,w9t] 8,by t ,i make !m w>m & mell[1 ,s let !m bawl & let !m bell[40 ,,summ] 8,i am ! ,summ] 9 :ite array1 ,i'm *as+ ! ,w9t] f>1 f> away40 ,,w9t] 8,i am ! ,w9t] 9 mantle ( furs1 ,i'm *as+ ! ,summ] o'er bu%es & burs40 ,,summ] 8,j say a ^w m1 & ,i'll h y bann$ ,at once & = ev] f ,summ] l&40 ,,w9t] 8,o ,summ]1 = all y\r blu/] & brag1 ,y'd n d>e to c>ry a h5 9 a bag40 ,,summ] 8,o ,w9t]1 y\r *att] no m c ,i /ay1 ,i'll kick & ,i'll cuff y )\t delay40 ,"h ensues a scuffle betwe5 ! two little boys1 9 :i* ,summ] gets ! be/ ( x1 & turns ,w9t] out ( ! h\se4 ,b soon ! beat5 *ampion ( ,w9t] peeps 9 at ! door & says ) a humbl$ & cre/fall5 air3-- 8,o ,summ]1 de> ,summ]1 ,i'm "u y\r ban1 ,= y are ! ma/] & ,i am ! man40 ,to :i* ,summ] replies3-- 8',tis a capital notion1 an excell5t plan1 ,if ,i am ! ma/] & y are ! man4 ,s come1 my de> ,w9t]1 & give me y\r h&1 ,we'll travel toge!r to ,summ] ,l&407#gja7 7,m#bja7 ,at ,goepfritz 9 ,l[] ,au/ria1 two m5 p]sonat+ ,summ] & ,w9t] us$ to g f h\se to h\se on ,%rove ,tuesday1 & 7 ev]y:]e welcom$ by ! *ildr5 ) great delight4 ,! repres5tative ( ,summ] 0 clad 9 :ite & bore a sickle2 8 comrade1 :o play$ ! "p ( ,w9t]1 _h a fur-cap on 8 head1 8 arms & legs 7 swa!d 9 /raw1 & he c>ri$ a flail4 ,9 e h\se !y sang v]ses alt]nately47#gjb7 ,at ,drml+ 9 ,brunswick1 d[n to ! pres5t "t1 ! conte/ betwe5 ,summ] & ,w9t] is act$ e ye> at ,:itsuntide by a troop ( boys & a troop ( girls4 ,! boys ru% s++1 %\t+1 & r++ bells f h\se to h\se to drive ,w9t] away2 aft] !m come ! girls s++ s(tly & l$ by a ,may ,bride1 all 9 bright dresses & deck$ ) fl[]s & g>l&s to repres5t ! g5ial adv5t ( spr+4 ,=m]ly ! "p ( ,w9t] 0 play$ by a /raw-man :i* ! boys c>ri$ ) !m2 n[ x is act$ by a real man 9 disguise47#gjc7 ,9 ,wa*tl & ,brodek1 a ,g]man village & a little ,g]man t[n ( ,moravia1 encompass$ by ,slavonic p on e side1 ! great *ange t comes ov] ! e>? 9 spr+ is /ill annually mimick$4 ,! long village ( ,wa*tl1 ) its trim h\ses & f>my>ds1 ne/les 9 a valley surr\nd$ by pretty p9e-woods4 ,"h1 on a day 9 spr+1 ab\t ! "t ( ! v]nal equ9ox1 an eld]ly man ) a long flax5 be>d may be se5 go+ f door to door4 ,he is muffl$ 9 furs1 ) w>m gloves on 8 h&s & a be>sk9 cap on 8 head1 & he c>ries a ?re%+ flail4 ,?is is ! p]sonification ( ,w9t]4 ,) him goes a y\ng] be>dless man dress$ 9 :ite1 we>+ a /raw hat trimm$ ) gay ribbons on 8 head1 & c>ry+ a decorat$ ,may-tree 9 8 h&s4 ,?is is ,summ]4 ,at e h\se !y receive a fri5dly greet+ & recite a long dialogue 9 v]se1 ,w9t] punctuat+ 8 disc\rse ) 8 flail1 :i* he br+s d[n ) rude vig\r on ! backs ( all )9 rea*47#gjd7 ,among/ ! ,slavonic population ne> ,ung>is* ,brod1 9 ,moravia1 ! c]emony took a some:at diff]5t =m4 ,girls dress$ 9 gre5 m>*$ 9 procession r\nd a ,may-tree4 ,!n two o!rs1 "o 9 :ite & "o 9 gre51 /epp$ up to ! tree & engag$ 9 a dialogue4 ,f9ally1 ! girl 9 :ite 0 driv5 away1 b return$ aft]w>ds clo!d 9 gre51 & ! fe/ival end$ ) a dance47#gje7 7,m#bjb7 ,on ,may ,day x us$ to be cu/om>y 9 almo/ all ! l>ge p>i%es ( ! ,isle ( ,man to *oose f among ! daught]s ( ! weal?ie/ f>m]s a "y maid5 to be ,que5 ( ,may4 ,%e 0 dress$ 9 ! gaye/ attire & att5d$ by ab\t tw5ty o!rs1 :o 7 call$ maids ( hon\r4 ,%e _h also a "y man = h] capta9 ) a numb] ( inf]ior (fic]s "u him4 ,9 opposition to h] 0 ! ,que5 ( ,w9t]1 a man attir$ z a woman1 ) wooll5 hoods1 fur tippets1 & load$ ) ! w>me/ & heavie/ clo!s1 "o ^u ano!r4 ,h] att5dants 7 habit$ 9 l mann]1 & %e too _h a capta9 & troop = h] def5ce4 ,?us repres5t+ respectively ! beauty ( spr+ & ! de=mity ( w9t] !y set =? f _! diff]5t qu>t]s1 ! "o prec$$ by ! dulcet music ( flutes & viol9s1 ! o!r by ! h>% clatt] ( cleav]s & tongs4 ,9 ?is array !y m>*$ till !y met on a common1 :]e ! tra9s ( ! two mimic sov]eigns engag$ 9 a mock battle4 ,if ! ,que5 ( ,w9t]'s =ces got ! bett] ( _! adv]s>ies & took h] rival prison]1 ! captive ,que5 ( ,summ] 0 ransom$ = z mu* z w\ld pay ! exp5ses ( ! fe/ival4 ,aft] ?is c]emony1 ,w9t] & h] company retir$ & div]t$ !mselves 9 a b>n1 :ile ! p>tisans ( ,summ] danc$ on ! gre51 conclud+ ! ev5+ ) a fea/1 at :i* ! ,que5 & h] maids sat at "o table & ! capta9 & 8 troop at ano!r4 ,9 lat] times ! p]son ( ! ,que5 ( ,may 0 exempt f capture1 b "o ( h] slipp]s 0 sub/itut$ &1 if captur$1 _h to be ransom$ to defray ! exp5ses ( ! pageant4 ,! procession ( ! ,summ]1 :i* 0 subsequ5tly compos$ ( little girls & call$ ! ,macebo>d1 outliv$ t ( its rival ! ,w9t] = "s ye>s2 b bo? h n[ long be5 ?+s ( ! pa/47#gjf7 7,m#bjc7 ,among ! c5tral ,esquimaux ( ,nor? ,am]ica ! conte/ betwe5 repres5tatives ( summ] & w9t]1 :i* 9 ,europe has long deg5]at$ into a m]e dramatic p]=mance1 is /ill kept up z a magical c]emony ( :i* ! av[$ int5tion is to influ5ce ! wea!r4 ,9 autumn1 :5 /orms ann\nce ! approa* ( ! dismal ,arctic w9t]1 ! ,esquimaux divide !mselves into two p>ties call$ respectively ! pt>migans & ! ducks1 ! pt>migans compris+ all p]sons born 9 w9t]1 & ! ducks all p]sons born 9 summ]4 ,a long rope ( sealsk9 is !n /ret*$ out1 & ea* p>ty lay+ hold ( "o end ( x seeks by tugg+ ) might & ma9 to drag ! o!r p>ty ov] to its side4 ,if ! pt>migans get ! wor/ ( x1 !n summ] has won ! game & f9e wea!r may be expect$ to prevail ?r\gh ! w9t]47#gjg7 ,9 ?is c]emony x is cle>ly assum$ t p]sons born 9 summ] h a natural aff9ity ) w>m wea!r1 & !re=e possess a p[] ( mitigat+ ! rig\r ( w9t]1 :]eas p]sons born 9 w9t] are1 s to say1 ( a cold & fro/y disposition & c !reby ex]t a refrig]at+ influ5ce on ! temp]ature ( ! air4 ,9 spite ( ?is natural antipa?y betwe5 ! repres5tatives ( summ] & w9t]1 we may be all[$ to conjecture t 9 ! gr& tug ( w> ! pt>migans d n pull at ! rope ) ! same he>ty goodwill z ! ducks1 & t ?us ! g5ial influ5ce ( summ] commonly prevails ov] ! h>% au/]ity ( w9t]4 ,! ,indians ( ,canada seem also to h imag9$ t p]sons are end[$ ) di/9ct natural capacities accord+ z !y are born 9 summ] or w9t]1 & !y turn$ ! di/9ction to acc\nt 9 mu* ! same fa%ion z ! ,esquimaux4 ,:5 !y we>i$ ( ! long fro/s & ! deep sn[ :i* kept !m prison]s 9 _! huts & prev5t$ !m f hunt+1 all ( !m :o 7 born 9 summ] ru%$ out ( _! h\ses arm$ ) burn+ br&s & tor*es :i* !y hurl$ aga9/ ! ,"o :o makes ,w9t]2 & ?is 0 suppos$ to produce ! desir$ effect ( mitigat+ ! cold4 ,b ^? ,indians :o 7 born 9 w9t] ab/a9$ f tak+ "p 9 ! c]emony1 = !y believ$ t if !y m$dl$ ) x ! cold w\ld increase in/ead ( dim9i%+47#gjh7 ,we may surmise t 9 ! correspond+ ,european c]emonies1 :i* h j be5 describ$1 x 0 =m]ly deem$ necess>y t ! actors1 :o play$ ! p>ts ( ,w9t] & ,summ]1 %\ld h be5 born 9 ! seasons :i* !y p]sonat$4 7,m#bjd7 ,e ye> on ! ,monday aft] ! spr+ equ9ox boys & girls attir$ 9 gay co/ume flock at a v e>ly h\r into ,zuri* f ! c\ntry4 ,! girls1 g5]ally clad 9 :ite1 are call$ ,m>eielis & c>ry two & two a small ,may tree or a wrea? deck$ ) fl[]s & ribbons4 ,?us !y g 9 b&s f h\se to h\se1 j+l+ ! bells :i* are atta*$ to ! wrea? & s++ a song1 9 :i* x is said t ! ,m>eielis dance because ! leaves & ! grass are gre5 & ev]y?+ is bur/+ into blossom4 ,9 ?is way !y are suppos$ to celebrate ! triumph ( ,summ] & to proclaim 8 com+4 ,! boys are call$ ,bgg54 ,!y g5]ally we> ov] _! ord9>y clo!s a %irt deck$ ) _m-col\r$ ribbons1 tall po9t$ pap] caps on _! heads1 & masks be=e _! faces4 ,9 ?is qua9t co/ume !y c>t ab\t ?r\gh ! /reets effigies made ( /raw & o!r combu/ible mat]ials :i* are suppos$ to repres5t ,w9t]4 ,at ev5+ ^! effigies are burn$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! city47#gji7 ,! c]emony 0 witness$ at ,zuri* on ,monday1 ,april #bj?1 #aijc1 by my fri5d ,dr4 ,j4 ,su!rl& ,black1 :o has k9dly furni%$ me ) "s notes on ! subject4 ,! effigy ( ,w9t] 0 a gigantic figure compos$ 9 great "p1 z x seem$1 ( cotton-wool4 ,?is 0 laid on a huge pyre1 ab\t ?irty feet high1 :i* _h be5 erect$ on ! ,/ad?ausplatz close to ! lake4 ,9 pres5ce ( a va/ conc\rse ( p fire 0 set to ! pyre & all 0 soon 9 a blaze1 :ile ! t[n bells rang a joy\s peal4 ,z ! figure gradually consum$ 9 ! flames1 ! me*anism enclos$ 9 its int]ior produc$ a v>iety ( grotesque effects1 su* z ! gu%+ =? ( b[els4 ,at la/ no?+ rema9$ ( ! effigy b ! iron backbone2 ! cr[d sl[ly disp]s$1 & ! fire brigade set to "w to qu5* ! sm\ld]+ emb]s47#gaj7 ,9 ?is c]emony ! conte/ betwe5 ,summ] & ,w9t] is r impli$ ?an express$1 b ! significance ( ! rite is unmi/akable4 #h4 ,dea? & ,resurrection ( ,ko/rubonko4 7,m#bje7 ,9 ,russia fun]al c]emonies l ^? ( 8,bury+ ! ,c>nival0 & 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 are celebrat$ "u ! names1 n ( ,dea? or ! ,c>nival1 b ( c]ta9 my?ic figures1 ,ko/rubonko1 ,ko/roma1 ,kupalo1 ,lada1 & ,y>ilo4 ,^! ,russian c]emonies are obs]v$ bo? 9 spr+ & at midsumm]4 ,?us 89 ,little ,russia x us$ to be ! cu/om at ,ea/]tide to celebrate ! fun]al ( a be+ call$ ,ko/rubonko1 ! deity ( ! spr+4 ,a circle 0 =m$ ( s+]s :o mov$ sl[ly ar\nd a girl :o lay on ! gr\nd z if dead1 & z !y w5t !y sang1-- #8,dead1 dead is our ,ko/rubonko6 ,dead1 dead is our de> "o6' until ! girl sudd5ly sprang up1 on :i* ! *orus joyfully exclaim$1-- #8,come to life1 come to life has our ,ko/rubonko6 ,come to life1 come to life has our de> "o6' 07#gaa7 ,on ! ,eve ( ,/4 ,john 7,midsumm] ,eve7 a figure ( ,kupalo is made ( /raw & 8is dress$ 9 woman's clo!s1 ) a necklace & a floral cr[n4 ,!n a tree is fell$1 &1 aft] be+ deck$ ) ribbons1 is set up on "s *os5 spot4 ,ne> ?is tree1 to :i* !y give ! "n ( ,m>5a ,w9t] or ,dea?1 ! /raw figure is plac$1 toge!r ) a table1 on :i* /& spirits & vi&s4 ,aft]w>ds a bonfire is lit1 & ! "y m5 & maid5s jump ov] x 9 c\ples1 c>ry+ ! figure ) !m4 ,on ! next day !y /rip ! tree & ! figure ( _! ornam5ts1 & ?r[ !m bo? into a /ream407#gab7 ,on ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day1 ! tw5ty-n9? ( ,june1 or on ! foll[+ ,sunday1 8! ,fun]al ( ,ko/roma0 or ( ,lada or ( ,y>ilo is celebrat$ 9 ,russia4 ,9 ! ,gov]nm5ts ( ,p5za & ,simbirsk ! fun]al us$ to be repres5t$ z foll[s4 ,a bonfire 0 k9dl$ on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,june1 & on ! next day ! maid5s *ose "o ( _! numb] to play ! "p ( ,ko/roma4 ,h] companions salut$ h] ) deep obeisances1 plac$ h] on a bo>d1 & c>ri$ h] to ! bank ( a /ream4 ,!re !y ba!d h] 9 ! wat]1 :ile ! olde/ girl made a basket ( lime-tree b>k & beat x l a drum4 ,!n !y return$ to ! village & end$ ! day ) processions1 games1 & dances47#gac7 ,9 ! ,murom di/rict ,ko/roma 0 repres5t$ by a /raw figure dress$ 9 woman's clo!s & fl[]s4 ,?is 0 laid 9 a tr\gh & c>ri$ ) songs to ! bank ( a lake or riv]4 ,"h ! cr[d divid$ into two sides1 ( :i* ! "o attack$ & ! o!r def5d$ ! figure4 ,at la/ ! assailants ga9$ ! day1 /ripp$ ! figure ( its dress & ornam5ts1 tore x 9 pieces1 trod ! /raw ( :i* x 0 made "u foot1 & flung x into ! /ream2 :ile ! def5d]s ( ! figure hid _! faces 9 _! h&s & pret5d$ to bewail ! dea? ( ,ko/roma47#gad7 ,9 ! di/rict ( ,ko/roma ! burial ( ,y>ilo 0 celebrat$ on ! tw5ty-n9? or ?irtie? ( ,june4 ,! p *ose an old man & gave him a small c(f9 conta9+ a ,priapus-l figure repres5t+ ,y>ilo4 ,?is he c>ri$ out ( ! t[n1 foll[$ by wom5 *ant+ dirges & express+ by _! ge/ures grief & despair4 ,9 ! op5 fields a grave 0 dug1 & into x ! figure 0 l[]$ amid weep+ & wail+1 aft] :i* games & dances 7 begun1 8call+ to m9d ! fun]al games celebrat$ 9 old times by ! pagan ,slavonians407#gae7 ,9 ,little ,russia ! figure ( ,y>ilo 0 laid 9 a c(f9 & c>ri$ ?r\gh ! /reets aft] sunset surr\nd$ by drunk5 wom51 :o kept repeat+ m\rnfully1 8,he is dead6 he is dead60 ,! m5 lift$ & %ook ! figure z if !y 7 try+ to recall ! dead man to life4 ,!n !y said to ! wom51 8,wom51 weep n4 ,i "k :at is sweet] ?an honey40 ,b ! wom5 cont9u$ to lam5t & *ant1 z !y d at fun]als4 8,( :at 0 he guilty8 ,he 0 s good4 ,he w arise no m4 ,o h[ %all we "p f !e8 ,:at is life )\t !e8 ,arise1 if only = a brief h\r4 ,b he rises n1 he rises n40 ,at la/ ! ,y>ilo 0 buri$ 9 a grave47#gaf7 #i4 ,dea? & ,revival ( ,vegetation4 7,m#bjf7 ,^! ,russian cu/oms are pla9ly ( ! same nature z ^? :i* 9 ,au/ria & ,g]many are kn[n z 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?40 ,!re=e if ! int]pretation "h adopt$ ( ! latt] is "r1 ! ,russian ,ko/rubonko1 ,y>ilo1 & ! re/ mu/ also h be5 orig9ally embodim5ts ( ! _s ( vegetation1 & _! dea? mu/ h be5 reg>d$ z a necess>y prelim9>y to _! revival4 ,! revival z a sequel to ! dea? is enact$ 9 ! fir/ ( ! c]emonies describ$1 ! dea? & resurrection ( ,ko/rubonko4 ,! reason :y 9 "s ( ^! ,russian c]emonies ! dea? ( ! _s ( vegetation is celebrat$ at midsumm] may be t ! decl9e ( summ] is dat$ f ,midsumm] ,day1 aft] :i* ! days beg9 to %ort51 & ! sun sets out on 8 d[nw>d j\rney-- 8,to ! d>ksome holl[s ,:]e ! fro/s ( w9t] lie40 ,su* a turn+-po9t ( ! ye>1 :5 vegetation might be ?\ght to %>e ! incipi5t ?\gh /ill almo/ imp]ceptible decay ( summ]1 might v well be *os5 by primitive man z a fit mom5t = resort+ to ^? magic rites by :i* he hopes to /ay ! decl9e1 or at lea/ to ensure ! revival1 ( plant life4 7,m#bjg7 ,b :ile ! dea? ( vegetation appe>s to h be5 repres5t$ 9 all1 & its revival 9 "s1 ( ^! spr+ & midsumm] c]emonies1 !re are features 9 "s ( !m :i* c h>dly be expla9$ on ?is hypo!sis alone4 ,! solemn fun]al1 ! lam5tations1 & ! m\rn+ attire1 :i* (t5 *>act]ise ^! rites1 are inde$ appropriate at ! dea? ( ! b5efic5t _s ( vegetation4 ,b :at %all we say ( ! glee ) :i* ! effigy is (t5 c>ri$ out1 ( ! /icks & /ones ) :i* x is assail$1 & ! taunts & curses :i* are hurl$ at x8 ,:at %all we say ( ! dread ( ! effigy ev9c$ by ! ha/e ) :i* ! be>]s scamp] home z soon z !y h ?r[n x away1 & by ! belief t "s "o mu/ soon die 9 any h\se into :i* x has look$8 ,?is dread might p]haps be expla9$ by a belief t !re is a c]ta9 infecti\sness 9 ! dead _s ( vegetation :i* r5d]s its approa* dang]\s4 ,b ?is explanation1 besides be+ r /ra9$1 does n cov] ! rejoic+s :i* (t5 att5d ! c>ry+ out ( ,dea?4 ,we mu/ !re=e recognise two di/9ct & seem+ly opposite features 9 ^! c]emonies3 on ! "o h&1 sorr[ = ! dea?1 & affection & respect = ! dead2 on ! o!r h&1 fe> & hatr$ ( ! dead1 & rejoic+s at 8 dea?4 ,h[ ! =m] ( ^! features is to be expla9$ ,i h attempt$ to %ew3 h[ ! latt] came to be s closely associat$ ) ! =m] is a "q :i* ,i %all try to answ] 9 ! sequel4 7,m#bjh7 ,be=e we quit ^! ,european cu/oms to g f>!r afield1 x w be well to notice t occasionally ! expulsion ( ,dea? or ( a my?ic be+ is conduct$ )\t any visible repres5tative ( ! p]sonage expell$4 ,?us at ,knig%a91 ne> ,grlitz 9 ,silesia1 all ! villag]s1 "y & old1 us$ to g out ) /raw tor*es to ! top ( a neighb\r+ hill1 call$ ,todt5/e9 7,dea?-/one71 :]e !y lit _! tor*es1 & s return$ home s++1 8,we h driv5 out ,dea?1 we are br++ back ,summ]407#gag7 ,9 ,albania "y p light tor*es ( res9\s wood on ,ea/] ,eve1 & m>* 9 procession ?r\gh ! village br&i%+ !m4 ,at la/ !y ?r[ ! tor*es into ! riv]1 say+1 8,ha1 ,kore1 we fl+ y into ! riv]1 l ^! tor*es1 t y may return no m40 ,"s say t ! int5tion ( ! c]emony is to drive out w9t]2 b ,kore is conceiv$ z a malignant be+ :o dev\rs *ildr547#gah7 #aj4 ,analog\s ,rites 9 ,india4 7,m#bji7 ,9 ! ,kanagra di/rict ( ,india !re is a cu/om obs]v$ by "y girls 9 spr+ :i* closely resembles "s ( ! ,european spr+ c]emonies j describ$4 ,x is call$ ! ,ral ,ka mel1 or fair ( ,ral1 ! ,ral be+ a small pa9t$ e>!n image ( ,siva or ,prvat4 ,! cu/om is 9 vogue all ov] ! ,kanagra di/rict1 & its celebration1 :i* is entirely conf9$ to "y girls1 la/s ?r\gh mo/ ( ,*et 7,m>*-,april7 up to ! ,sankrnt ( ,baiskh 7,april74 ,on a morn+ 9 ,m>* all ! "y girls ( ! village take small baskets ( db grass & fl[]s to an appo9t$ place1 :]e !y ?r[ !m 9 a heap4 ,r\nd ?is heap !y /& 9 a circle & s+4 ,?is goes on e day = t5 days1 till ! heap ( grass & fl[]s has rea*$ a fair height4 ,!n !y cut 9 ! jungle two bran*es1 ea* ) ?ree prongs at "o end1 & place !m1 prongs d[nw>ds1 ov] ! heap ( fl[]s1 s z to make two tripods or pyramids4 ,on ! s+le upp]mo/ po9ts ( ^! bran*es !y get an image-mak] to con/ruct two clay images1 "o to repres5t ,siva1 & ! o!r ,prvat4 ,! girls !n divide !mselves into two p>ties1 "o = ,siva & "o = ,prvat1 & m>ry ! images 9 ! usual way1 leav+ out no "p ( ! c]emony4 ,aft] ! m>riage !y h a fea/1 ! co/ ( :i* is defray$ by contributions solicit$ f _! p>5ts4 ,!n at ! next ,sankrnt 7,baiskh7 !y all g toge!r to ! riv]-side1 ?r[ ! images into a deep pool1 & weep ov] ! place1 z ?\gh !y 7 p]=m+ fun]al obsequies4 ,! boys ( ! neighb\rhood (t5 tease !m by div+ aft] ! images1 br++ !m up1 & wav+ !m ab\t :ile ! girls are cry+ ov] !m4 ,! object ( ! fair is said to be to secure a good husb&47#gai7 7,m#baj7 ,t 9 ?is ,indian c]emony ! deities ,siva & ,prvat are conceiv$ z spirits ( vegetation seems to be prov$ by ! plac+ ( _! images on bran*es ov] a heap ( grass & fl[]s4 ,"h1 z (t5 9 ,european folk-cu/om1 ! div9ities ( vegetation are repres5t$ 9 duplicate1 by plants & by puppets4 ,! m>riage ( ^! ,indian deities 9 spr+ corresponds to ! ,european c]emonies 9 :i* ! m>riage ( ! v]nal spirits ( vegetation is repres5t$ by ! ,k+ & ,que5 ( ,may1 ! ,may ,bride1 ,bridegroom ( ! ,may1 & s =?47#gbj7 ,! ?r[+ ( ! images into ! wat]1 & ! m\rn+ = !m1 are ! equival5ts ( ! ,european cu/oms ( ?r[+ ! dead _s ( vegetation "u ! "n ( ,dea?1 ,y>ilo1 ,ko/roma1 & ! re/1 into ! wat] & lam5t+ ov] x4 ,aga91 9 ,india1 z (t5 9 ,europe1 ! rite is p]=m$ exclusively by females4 ,! notion t ! c]emony helps to procure husb&s = ! girls c be expla9$ by ! quick5+ & f]tilis+ influ5ce :i* ! _s ( vegetation is believ$ to ex]t ^u ! life ( man z well z ( plants47#gba7 #aa4 ,! ,magic ,spr+4 7,m#baa7 ,! g5]al explanation :i* we h be5 l$ to adopt ( ^! & _m simil> c]emonies is t !y are1 or 7 9 _! orig91 magical rites int5d$ to ensure ! revival ( nature 9 spr+4 ,! means by :i* !y 7 suppos$ to effect ?is end 7 imitation & sympa?y4 ,l$ a/ray by 8 ignorance ( ! true causes ( ?+s1 primitive man believ$ t 9 ord] to produce ! great ph5om5a ( nature on :i* 8 life dep5d$ he _h only to imitate !m1 & t imm$iately by a secret sympa?y or my/ic influ5ce ! little drama :i* he act$ 9 =e/ glade or m\nta9 dell1 on des]t pla9 or w9d-swept %ore1 w\ld be tak5 up & repeat$ by mighti] actors on a va/] /age4 ,he fanci$ t by masqu]ad+ 9 leaves & fl[]s he help$ ! b>e e>? to clo! h]self ) v]dure1 & t by play+ ! dea? & burial ( w9t] he drove t gloomy season away1 & made smoo? ! pa? = ! foot/eps ( return+ spr+4 ,if we f9d x h>d to ?r[ ourselves ev5 9 fancy into a m5tal condition 9 :i* su* ?+s seem possible1 we c m easily picture to ourselves ! anxiety :i* ! savage1 :5 he fir/ began to lift 8 ?\ghts above ! satisfaction ( 8 m]ely animal wants1 & to m$itate on ! causes ( ?+s1 may h felt z to ! cont9u$ op]ation ( :at we n[ call ! laws ( nature4 ,to u1 famili> z we are ) ! conception ( ! uni=mity & regul>ity ) :i* ! great cosmic ph5om5a succe$ ea* o!r1 !re seems little gr\nd = appreh5sion t ! causes :i* produce ^! effects w cease to op]ate1 at lea/ )9 ! ne> future4 ,b ?is confid5ce 9 ! /ability ( nature is br$ only by ! exp]i5ce :i* comes ( wide obs]vation & long tradition2 & ! savage1 ) 8 n>r[ sph]e ( obs]vation & 8 %ort-liv$ tradition1 lacks ! v elem5ts ( t exp]i5ce :i* alone c\ld set 8 m9d at re/ 9 face ( ! ev]-*ang+ & (t5 m5ac+ aspects ( nature4 ,no wond]1 !re=e1 t he is ?r[n into a panic by an eclipse1 & ?9ks t ! sun or ! moon w\ld surely p]i%1 if he did n raise a clam\r & %oot 8 puny %afts into ! air to def5d ! lum9>ies f ! mon/] :o ?reat5s to dev\r !m4 ,no wond] he is t]rifi$ :5 9 ! d>kness ( night a /reak ( sky is sudd5ly illum9$ by ! fla% ( a meteor1 or ! :ole expanse ( ! cele/ial ar* gl[s ) ! fitful light ( ! ,nor!rn ,/ream]s47#gbb7 ,ev5 ph5om5a :i* recur at fix$ & uni=m int]vals may be view$ by him ) appreh5sion1 be=e he has come to recognise ! ord]l9ess ( _! recurr5ce4 ,! spe$ or sl[ness ( 8 recognition ( su* p]iodic or cyclic *anges 9 nature w dep5d l>gely on ! l5g? ( ! p>ticul> cycle4 ,! cycle1 = example1 ( day & night is ev]y:]e1 except 9 ! pol> regions1 s %ort & h5ce s frequ5t t m5 probably soon ceas$ to discompose !mselves s]i\sly z to ! *ance ( its fail+ to recur1 ?\gh ! anci5t ,egyptians1 z we h se51 daily wr\ght en*antm5ts to br+ back to ! ea/ 9 ! morn+ ! fi]y orb :i* _h sunk at ev5+ 9 ! crimson we/4 ,b x 0 f> o!rwise ) ! annual cycle ( ! seasons4 ,to any man a ye> is a consid]able p]iod1 see+ t ! numb] ( our ye>s is b few at ! be/4 ,to ! primitive savage1 ) 8 %ort memory & imp]fect means ( m>k+ ! flight ( "t1 a ye> may well h be5 s long t he fail$ to recognise x z a cycle at all1 & wat*$ ! *ang+ aspects ( e>? & heav5 ) a p]petual wond]1 alt]nately delight$ & al>m$1 elat$ & ca/ d[n1 accord+ z ! vicissitudes ( light & heat1 ( plant & animal life1 m9i/]$ to 8 com=t or ?reat5$ 8 exi/5ce4 ,9 autumn :5 ! )]$ leaves 7 :irl$ ab\t ! =e/ by ! nipp+ bla/1 & he look$ up at ! b>e b\ghs1 c\ld he feel sure t !y w\ld ev] be gre5 aga98 ,z day by day ! sun sank l[] & l[] 9 ! sky1 c\ld he be c]ta9 t ! lum9>y w\ld ev] retrace 8 heav5ly road8 ,ev5 ! wan+ moon1 ^: pale sickle rose ?9n] & ?9n] e night ov] ! rim ( ! ea/]n horizon1 may h excit$ 9 8 m9d a fe> le/1 :5 x _h :olly vani%$1 !re %\ld be moons no m4 7,m#bab7 ,^! & a ?\s& su* misgiv+s may h ?rong$ ! fancy & tr\bl$ ! peace ( ! man :o fir/ began to reflect on ! my/]ies ( ! _w he liv$ 91 & to take ?\ght = a m di/ant future ?an ! morr[4 ,x 0 natural1 !re=e1 t ) su* ?\ghts & fe>s he %\ld h done all t 9 him lay to br+ back ! fad$ blossom to ! b\gh1 to sw+ ! l[ sun ( w9t] up to 8 old place 9 ! summ] sky1 & to re/ore its orb$ fulness to ! silv] lamp ( ! wan+ moon4 ,we may smile at 8 va9 endeav\rs if we please1 b x 0 only by mak+ a long s]ies ( exp]im5ts1 ( :i* "s 7 almo/ inevitably doom$ to failure1 t man le>n$ f exp]i5ce ! futility ( "s ( 8 attempt$ me?ods & ! fruitfulness ( o!rs4 ,aft] all1 magical c]emonies are no?+ b exp]im5ts :i* h fail$ & :i* cont9ue to be repeat$ m]ely because1 = reasons :i* h already be5 indicat$17#gbc7 ! op]ator is unaw>e ( _! failure4 ,) ! advance ( k ^! c]emonies ei!r cease to be p]=m$ altoge!r or are kept up f =ce ( habit long aft] ! int5tion ) :i* !y 7 in/itut$ has be5 =gott54 ,?us fall5 f _! high e/ate1 no long] reg>d$ z solemn rites on ! punctual p]=mance ( :i* ! welf>e & ev5 ! life ( ! community dep5d1 !y s9k gradually to ! level ( simple pageants1 mumm]ies1 & pa/imes1 till 9 ! f9al /age ( deg5]ation !y are :olly ab&on$ by old] p1 &1 f hav+ once be5 ! mo/ s]i\s occupation ( ! sage1 become at la/ ! idle sport ( *ildr54 ,x is 9 ?is f9al /age ( decay t mo/ ( ! old magical rites ( our ,european =efa!rs l+] on at ! pres5t day1 & ev5 f ?is _! la/ retreat !y are fa/ be+ swept away by ! ris+ tide ( ^? multitud9\s =ces1 moral1 intellectual1 & social1 :i* are be>+ mank9d onw>d to a new & unkn[n goal4 ,we may feel "s natural regret at ! disappe>ance ( qua9t cu/oms & picturesque c]emonies1 :i* h pres]v$ to an age (t5 deem$ dull & prosaic some?+ ( ! flav\r & fre%ness ( ! old5 "t1 "s brea? ( ! spr+time ( ! _w2 yet our regret w be less5$ :5 we rememb] t ^! pretty pageants1 ^! n[ innoc5t div]sions1 _h _! orig9 9 ignorance & sup]/ition2 t if !y are a record ( human endeav\r1 !y are also a monum5t ( fruitless +5uity1 ( wa/$ lab\r1 & ( blight$ hopes2 & t = all _! gay trapp+s--_! fl[]s1 _! ribbons1 & _! music--!y p>take f> m ( trag$y ?an ( f>ce4 7,m#bac7 ,! int]pretation :i*1 foll[+ 9 ! foot/eps ( ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,i h attempt$ to give ( ^! c]emonies has be5 n a little confirm$ by ! discov]y1 made s9ce ?is book 0 fir/ writt51 t ! natives ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia regul>ly practise magical c]emonies = ! purpose ( awak5+ ! dormant en]gies ( nature at ! approa* ( :at may be call$ ! ,au/ralian spr+4 ,n[h]e app>5tly are ! alt]nations ( ! seasons m sudd5 & ! contra/s betwe5 !m m /rik+ ?an 9 ! des]ts ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 :]e at ! end ( a long p]iod ( dr\ght ! s&y & /ony wild]ness1 ov] :i* ! sil5ce & desolation ( dea? appe> to brood1 is sudd5ly1 aft] a few days ( torr5tial ra91 trans=m$ into a l&scape smil+ ) v]dure & peopl$ ) teem+ multitudes ( insects & liz>ds1 ( frogs & birds4 ,! m>vell\s *ange :i* passes ov] ! face ( nature at su* times has be5 comp>$ ev5 by ,european obs]v]s to ! effect ( magic27#gbd7 no wond]1 !n1 t ! savage %\ld reg>d x z su* 9 v de$4 ,n[ x is j :5 !re is promise ( ! approa* ( a good season t ! natives ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia are wont especially to p]=m ^? magical c]emonies ( :i* ! av[$ int5tion is to multiply ! plants & animals !y use z food47#gbe7 ,^! c]emonies1 !re=e1 pres5t a close analogy to ! spr+ cu/oms ( our ,european peasantry n only 9 ! "t ( _! celebration1 b also 9 _! aim2 = we c h>dly d\bt t 9 in/itut+ rites design$ to assi/ ! revival ( plant life 9 spr+ our primitive =efa!rs 7 mov$1 n by any s5tim5tal wi% to smell at e>ly violets1 or pluck ! ra! primrose1 or wat* yell[ daffodils danc+ 9 ! breeze1 b by ! v practical consid]ation1 c]ta9ly n =mulat$ 9 ab/ract t]ms1 t ! life ( man is inextricably b\nd up ) t ( plants1 & t if !y 7 to p]i% he c\ld n survive4 ,& z ! fai? ( ! ,au/ralian savage 9 ! efficacy ( 8 magic rites is confirm$ by obs]v+ t _! p]=mance is inv>iably foll[$1 soon] or lat]1 by t increase ( vegetable & animal life :i* x is _! object to produce1 s1 we may suppose1 x 0 ) ,european savages 9 ! old5 "t4 ,! sight ( ! fre% gre5 9 brake & ?icket1 ( v]nal fl[]s bl[+ on mossy banks1 ( swall[s arriv+ f ! s\?1 & ( ! sun m\nt+ daily high] 9 ! sky1 w\ld be welcom$ by !m z s _m visible signs t _! en*antm5ts 7 inde$ tak+ effect1 & w\ld inspire !m ) a *e]ful confid5ce t all 0 well ) a _w :i* !y c\ld ?us m\ld to suit _! wi%es4 ,only 9 autumn days1 z summ] sl[ly fad$1 w\ld _! confid5ce aga9 be da%$ by d\bts & misgiv+s at symptoms ( decay1 :i* told h[ va9 7 all _! ef=ts to /ave (f = ev] ! approa* ( w9t] & ( dea?4 ,,note ,a4 ,,*9ese ,,indiff]5ce ,,to ,,dea?4 7,m#bad7 ,"l ,avebury k9dly all[s me to pr9t ! lett] ( ,mr4 ,m4 ,w4 ,lampson1 ref]r$ to above 7p4 #adf1 note #a74 ,x runs z foll[s3-- ,,=eign ,,(fice1 ,augu/ #g1 #aijc4 ,,de> ,,"l ,,avebury--,z ! result ( enquiries ,i he> f a ,mr4 ,eames1 a lawy] :o practis$ = "s ye>s at ,%anghai & has consid]able k ( ,*9ese matt]s1 t = a small sum a sub/itute c be f\nd = execution4 ,?is is recognis$ by ! ,*9ese au?orities1 ) c]ta9 exceptions1 z = in/ance p>ricide4 ,x is ev5 ass]t$ t ! local ,taotai ga9s pecuni>ily by ?is arrangem5t1 z he is z a rule n above obta9+ a sub/itute = ! condemn$ man = a less sum ?an 0 paid him by ! latt]4 ,x is1 ,i believe1 "p ( ! doctr9e ( ,confucius t x is "o ( ! highe/ virtues to increase ! family prosp]ity at ! exp5se ( p]sonal suff]+4 ,accord+ to ,eames1 ! ,*9am5 sic looks ^u execution 9 ano!r man's /ead 9 ?is light1 & consequ5tly !re is q a competition = su* a 8sub/itution40 ,%\ld y wi% to get m def9ite in=mation1 ! address is3 ,w4 ,eames1 ,esq41 c_/o ,norman ,craig1 ,inn] ,temple1 ,e4,c4 ,! only man 9 ?is dep>tm5t :o has actually be5 out to ,*9a is at pres5t away4 ,b on 8 return ,i w ask him ab\t x4-- ,y\rs s9c]ely1 ,,miles ,w4 ,,lampson4 7,m#bae7 ,on ?is subject ,"l ,avebury _h /at$3 8,x is said t 9 ,*9a1 if a ri* man is condemn$ to dea?1 he c sometimes pur*ase a will+ sub/itute at a v small exp5se407#gbf7 ,9 reg>d to 8 au?ority = ?is /atem5t ,"l ,avebury wrote to me 7,augu/ #aj1 #aijc73 8,i believe my previ\s in=mation came f ,sir ,t4 ,wade1 b ,i h be5 unable to lay my h& on 8 lett]1 & d n !re=e l to /ate x z a fact40 ,sir ,?omas ,wade 0 ,engli% ,ambassador at ,pek+1 & aft]w>ds ,pr(essor ( ,*9ese at ,cambridge4 7,m#baf7 ,on ! same subject ,mr4 ,val5t9e ,*irol1 editor ( ! =eign dep>tm5t ( ,! ,times1 wrote to me z foll[s3-- ,,que5 ,,anne',s ,,mansions1 ,,we/m9/]1 ,s4,w41 ,augu/ #ba/1 #aije4 ,,de> ,,sir--,i %all be v glad to d :at ,i c to obta9 = y ! in=mation y require4 ,x 0 a surprise to me to he> t ! accuracy ( ! /atem5t 0 call$ 9 "q4 ,x is c]ta9ly a matt] ( common report 9 ,*9a t ! practice exi/s4 ,! difficulty1 ,i conceive1 w be to obta9 evid5ce enabl+ "o to quote concrete cases4 ,my own impression is t ! practice is q ju/ifiable accord+ to ,*9ese e?ics :5 life is giv5 up f motives ( filial piety1 t is to say 9 ord] to relieve ! wants ( indig5t p>5ts1 or to defray ! co/s ( ance/ral rights sic4 ,y\r g5]al !sis t life is less valu$ & m readily sacrific$ by "s races ?an by mod]n ,europeans seems to be beyond dispute4 ,surely ! ,japanese practice ( sepuku1 or h>ik>i1 z x is vulg>ly call$1 is a case 9 po9t4 ,life is risk$1 z 9 duell+1 by ,europeans1 = ! m]e po9t ( hon\r1 b x is nev] delib]ately laid d[n 9 satisfaction ( ! exig5cies ( ! social code4 ,i w s5d y :atev] in=mation ,i c obta9 :5 x rea*es me1 b t w n ( c\rse be = "s mon?s4--,y\rs truly1 ,,val5t9e ,,*irol4 ,p4,s4--,a fri5d ( m9e :o has j be5 "h entirely confirms my own belief z to ! accuracy ( y\r /atem5t1 & tells me he has himself se5 sev]al ,imp]ial ,decrees 9 ! ,pek+ ,gazette1 call+ prov9cial au?orities to ord] = hav+ all[$ specific cases ( sub/itution to occur1 & ord]+ ! dea? p5alty to be c>ri$ out 9 a m sev]e =m on ! orig9al culprits z an extra puni%m5t = obta9+ sub/itutes4 ,he has promis$ to look up "s ( ^! ,impe4 ,decrees on 8 return to ,*9a1 & s5d me translations4 ,i am satisfi$ p]sonally t 8 /atem5t is conclusive4 ,v4 ,c4 ,on ! same subject ,i h receiv$ ! foll[+ lett] f ,mr4 ,j4 ,o4 ,p4 ,bl&1 = f\rte5 ye>s correspond5t ( ,! ,times 9 ,*9a3-- ,,! ,,clock ,,h\se1 ,,%epp]ton1 ,m>* #bbnd1 #aiaa4 ,,de> ,,pr(essor ,,fraz]--,my fri5d ,mr4 ,val5t9e ,*irol1 writ+ ! o!r day f ,crete on 8 way ,ea/1 ask$ me to communicate ) y on ! subject ( y\r lett] ( ! #crd ulto41 namely1 ! cu/om1 alleg$ to exi/ 9 ,*9a1 ( procur+ sub/itutes = p]sons condemn$ to dea?1 ! sub/itutes' families or relatives receiv+ comp5sation 9 ca%4 ,to speak ( ?is z a cu/om is to exagg]ate ! frequ5cy ( a class ( incid5t :i* has und\bt$ly be5 record$ 9 ,*9a & ( :i* !re has be5 m5tion 9 ,imp]ial ,decrees4 ,i am sorry to say t ,i h n my file ( ! ,pek+ ,gazette "h1 = imm$iate ref]5ce1 b ,i am writ+ to my fri5d ,mr4 ,backh\se 9 ,pek+1 & h no d\bt b t he w be able to give *apt] & v]se ( in/ances ?us record$4 ,i _h expect$ to f9d cases ( ! k9d record$ 9 ,mr4 ,w]n]'s rec5tly-publi%$ 8,descriptive ,sociology0 ( ! ,*9ese 7,sp5c]ian publications71 b h n be5 able to d s 9 ! abs5ce ( an index to t volum9\s "w4 ,m ?an "o ( ! au?ors :om he quotes h c]ta9ly ref]r$ to cases ( sub/itution = dea?-s5t5ce prison]s4 ,p>k]1 = in/ance 78,*9a ,pa/ & ,pres5t10 page #cgh71 ass]ts t sub/itutes 7 to be _h 9 ,canton at ! reasonable price ( fifty taels 7say #aj74 ,dr4 ,matignon 79 8,sup]/ition1 ,crime et ,misre en ,*9e10 page #aac7 says t filial piety is a frequ5t motive4 ,! negative op9ion ( ,pr(essors ,giles & de ,groot is entitl$ to consid]ation1 b _c be reg>d$ z any m conclusive ?an ! views express$ by ,pr(essor ,giles on ! "q ( infanticide :i* are outweigh$ by a mass ( direct pro( ( eye-witnesses4 ,9 a c\ntry :]e m5 submit volunt>ily to mutilation & grave risk ( dea? = a comp>atively small ga9 to !mselves & _! relatives1 :]e wom5 commit suicide 9 hundr$s to escape capture by invad]s or /rang]s1 :]e m5 & wom5 alike habitually sacrifice _! life = ! mo/ trivial motives ( rev5ge or di/ress1 x ne$ n greatly surprise u t "s %\ld be f\nd1 especially among ! wret*$ly poor class1 will+ to give up _! life 9 ord] to relieve _! families ( want or o!rwise to 8acquire m]it40 ,! mo/ important ?+1 ,i ?9k1 9 express+ any op9ion ab\t ! ,*9ese1 is to rememb] ! great ext5t & het]og5e\s elem5ts ( ! c\ntry1 & to ab/a9 f any sweep+ g5]alisations bas$ on isolat$ acts or ev5ts4--,y\rs v truly1 ,j4 ,o4 ,p4 ,,bl&4 ,z ! practice 9 "q involves a grave misc>riage ( ju/ice1 ! discov]y ( :i* might entail s]i\s consequ5ces on ! magi/rate :o conniv$ at x1 we ne$ n wond] t x is g5]ally hu%$ up1 & t no in/ances ( x %\ld come to ! e>s ( _m ,europeans resid5t 9 ,*9a4 ,my fri5d ,pr(essor ,h4 ,a4 ,giles ( ,cambridge 9 conv]sation express$ himself q incr$ul\s on ! subject1 & ,pr(essor ,j4 ,j4 ,m4 de ,groot ( ,leyd5 wrote to me 7,janu>y #ca1 #aijb7 to ! same effect4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,a4 ,b>b]1 ,headma/] ( ! ,leys ,s*ool1 ,cambridge1 & =m]ly a mission>y 9 ,*9a1 wrote to me 7,janu>y #cj1 #aijb73 8,z to ! possibility t a man condemn$ to dea? may secure a sub/itute on paym5t ( a mod]ate sum ( money1 we us$ to he> t ?is 0 ! case2 b ,i h no pro( t w\ld ju/ify y 9 us+ ! fact40 ,ano!r exp]i5c$ mission>y1 ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,a4 ,cornaby1 wrote to ,dr4 ,b>b]3 8,i h he>d ( no su* cu/om 9 capital crimes4 ,! man 9 ^: h\se a fire />ts may1 & (t5 does1 pay ano!r to receive ! bl[s & ?ree days 9 a cangue4 ,b unless :]e #8=eign riots' 7 ! case1 & a previ\sly condemn$ crim9al h&y1 ,i %\ld h>dly ?9k x possible4 ,e precaution is tak5 t no "o is behead$ b ! man :o _c possibly be let (f4 ,! exp5se on ! c\nty m&>9 is ov] #ajj 9 #8/ation]y exp5ses' ) high] c\rts40 ,on ?is ,i w\ld obs]ve t if e execution co/s ! local m&>9 s de>1 he mu/ be "u a /rong temptation to get ! exp5ses out ( ! prison] :5ev] he c d s )\t be+ detect$4 7,m#bag7 ,) reg>d to ! cu/om1 m5tion$ by ,mr4 ,cornaby1 ( procur+ sub/itutes = corporal puni%m5t1 we are told t 9 ,*9a !re are m5 :o e>n a livelihood by be+ ?ra%$ in/ead ( ! real culprits4 ,b !y bribe ! execution] to lay on lightly2 o!rwise _! con/itution c\ld n long resi/ ! te> & we> ( s exhau/+ a pr(ession47#gbg7 ,?us ! !ory & practice ( vic>i\s suff]+ are well und]/ood 9 ,*9a4 ,,note ,b4 ,,sw++ ,,z ,a ,,magical ,,rite4 7,m#bah7 ,! cu/om ( sw++ has be5 practis$ z a religi\s or r magical rite 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! _w1 b x does n seem possible to expla9 all ! in/ances ( x 9 ! same way4 ,p appe> to h resort$ to ! practice f diff]5t motives & ) diff]5t ideas ( ! b5efit to be d]iv$ f x4 ,9 ! text we h se5 t ! ,letts1 & p]haps ! ,siamese1 sw+ to make ! crops gr[ tall47#gbh7 ,! same may be ! int5tion ( ! c]emony :5ev] x is specially obs]v$ at h>ve/ fe/ivals4 ,among ! ,bug9ese & ,macass>s ( ,celebes1 = example1 x us$ to be ! cu/om = "y girls to sw+ "o aft] ! o!r on ^! occasions47#gbi7 ,at ! great ,dass]a fe/ival ( ,nepaul1 :i* imm$iately prec$es ! cutt+ ( ! rice1 sw+s & kites come into fa%ion among ! "y p ( bo? sexes4 ,! sw+s are sometimes hung f b\ghs ( trees1 b g5]ally f a cross-beam support$ on a framework ( tall bamboos47#gcj7 ,among ! ,dyaks ( ,s>awak a fea/ is held at ! end ( h>ve/1 :5 ! s\l ( ! rice is secur$ to prev5t ! crops f rott+ away4 ,on ?is occasion a numb] ( old wom5 rock to & fro on a rude sw+ susp5d$ f ! raft]s47#gca7 ,a travell] 9 ,s>awak has describ$ h[ he saw _m tall sw+s erect$ & ,dyaks sw++ to & fro on !m1 sometimes t5 or twelve m5 toge!r on "o sw+1 :ile !y *ant$ 9 monoton\s1 dirge-l tones an invocation to ! spirits t !y w\ld be pleas$ to grant a pl5tiful h>ve/ ( sago & fruit & a good fi%+ season47#gcb7 7,m#bai7 ,9 ! ,ea/ ,indian isl& ( ,b5gkali elaborate & co/ly c]emonies are p]=m$ to ensure a good cat* ( fi%4 ,among ! re/ an h]$it>y prie/ess1 :o be>s ! royal title ( ,dj9djang ,rajah1 works h]self up by means ( ! fumes ( inc5se & s =? into t /ate ( m5tal disord] :i* ) _m p passes = a symptom ( div9e inspiration4 ,9 ?is pi\s frame ( m9d %e is l$ by h] f\r h&maids to a sw+ all cov]$ ) yell[ & hung ) gold5 bells1 on :i* %e takes h] seat amid ! j+le ( ! bells4 ,z %e rocks g5tly to & fro 9 ! sw+1 %e speaks 9 an unkn[n tongue to ea* ( ! sixte5 spirits :o h to d ) ! fi%+47#gcc7 ,9 ord] to procure a pl5tiful supply ( game ! ,t9neh ,indians ( ,nor?-,we/ ,am]ica p]=m a magical c]emony :i* !y call 8! "y man b\nd+ or ti$40 ,!y p9ion a man tightly1 & hav+ hung him by ! head & heels f ! ro( ( ! hut1 rock him backw>ds & =w>ds47#gcd7 7,m#bbj7 ,?us we see t p sw+ 9 ord] to procure a pl5tiful supply ( fi% & game z well z good crops4 ,9 su* cases ! notion seems to be t ! c]emony promotes f]tility1 :e!r 9 ! vegetable or ! animal k+dom2 ?\gh :y x %\ld be suppos$ to d s1 ,i confess myself unable to expla94 ,!re seem to be "s reasons = ?9k+ t ! ,indian rite ( sw++ on hooks run ?r\gh ! fle% ( ! p]=m] is also resort$ to1 at lea/ 9 "s cases1 f a belief 9 its f]tilis+ virtue4 ,?us ,hamilton tells u t at ,k>w>1 on ! we/ coa/ ( ,india1 a fea/ is held at ! end ( ,may or beg9n+ ( ,june 9 hon\r ( ! inf]nal gods1 8) a div9ation or conjuration to "k ! fate ( ! ensu+ crop ( corn40 ,m5 7 hung f a pole by means ( t5t]-hooks ins]t$ 9 ! fle% ( _! backs2 & ! pole ) ! m5 dangl+ f x 0 !n dragg$ = m ?an a mile ov] pl\gh$ gr\nd f "o sacr$ grove to ano!r1 prec$$ by a "y girl :o c>ri$ a pot ( fire on h] head4 ,:5 ! second grove 0 rea*$1 ! m5 7 let d[n & tak5 (f ! hooks1 & ! girl fell into ! usual prophetic fr5zy1 aft] :i* %e unfold$ to ! prie/s ! revelation ) :i* %e _h j be5 fav\r$ by ! t]re/rial gods4 ,9 ea* ( ! groves a %apeless black /one1 daub$ ) r$ lead to /& = a m\?1 eyes1 & e>s1 appe>s to h repres5t$ ! indwell+ div9ity47#gce7 ,sometimes ?is cu/om ( sw++ on hooks1 :i* is kn[n among ! ,h9doos z ,*uruk ,puja1 seems to be int5d$ to propitiate demons4 ,"s ,santals ask$ ,mr4 ,v4 ,ball to be all[$ to p]=m x because _! wom5 & *ildr5 7 dy+ ( sickness1 & _! cattle 7 be+ kill$ by wild bea/s2 !y believ$ t ^! mis=tunes befell !m because ! evil spirits _h n be5 appeas$47#gcf7 ,^! same ,santals celebrate a sw++ fe/ival ( a less b>b>\s sort ab\t ! mon? ( ,febru>y4 ,eight m5 sit 9 *airs & rotate r\nd po/s 9 a sort ( revolv+ sw+1 l ! m]ry-g-r\nds :i* are s de> to *ildr5 at ,engli% fairs47#gcg7 ,at ! ,nauroz & ,e$ fe/ivals 9 ,d>di/an ! wom5 sw+ on ropes susp5d$ f trees47#gch7 ,dur+ ! ra9y season 9 ,beh> "y wom5 sw+ 9 _! h\ses1 :ile !y s+ songs appropriate to ! season4 ,! p]iod dur+ :i* !y indulge 9 ?is pa/ime1 if a m]e pa/ime x be1 is /rictly limit$2 x beg9s ) a fe/ival :i* usually falls on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ! mon? ,jeyt & ends ) ano!r fe/ival :i* commonly takes place on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ! mon? ,as94 ,no "o w\ld ?9k ( sw++ at any o!r "t ( ! ye>47#gci7 ,x is possible t ?is la/ cu/om may be no?+ m ?an a pa/ime meant to :ile away "s ( ! t$i\s h\rs ( ! inclem5t season2 b its limitation to a c]ta9 cle>ly-def9$ portion ( ! ye> seems r to po9t to a religi\s or magical orig94 ,possibly ! int5tion may once h be5 to drive away ! ra94 ,we %all see imm$iately t sw++ is sometimes resort$ to = ! purpose ( expell+ ! p[]s ( evil4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,m>* ! ,h9doos obs]ve a sw++ fe/ival ( a diff]5t sort 9 hon\r ( ! god ,kri%na1 ^: image is plac$ 9 ! seat or cradle ( a sw+ & !n1 j :5 ! dawn is break+1 rock$ g5tly to & fro sev]al times4 ,! same c]emony is repeat$ at noon & at sunset47#gdj7 ,9 ! ,rigv$a ! sun is call$1 by a natural metaphor1 8! gold5 sw+ 9 ! sky10 & ! expression helps u to und]/& a c]emony ( ,v$ic ,india4 ,a prie/ sat 9 a sw+ & t\*$ ) ! span ( 8 "r h& at once ! seat ( ! sw+ & ! gr\nd4 ,9 do+ s he said1 8,! great "l has unit$ himself ) ! great lady1 ! god has unit$ himself ) ! goddess40 ,p]haps he meant to indicate 9 a graphic way t ! sun _h rea*$ t l[e/ po9t ( its c\rse :]e x 0 ne>e/ to ! e>?47#gda7 ,9 ?is connexion x is ( int]e/ to note t 9 ! ,e/honian celebration ( ,/4 ,john's ,day or ! summ] sol/ice sw+s play1 along ) bonfires1 ! mo/ prom95t "p4 ,girls sit & sw+ ! :ole night ?r\gh1 s++ old songs to expla9 :y !y d s4 ,= leg5d tells ( an ,e/honian pr9ce :o woo$ & won an ,isl&ic pr9cess4 ,b a wick$ en*ant] spirit$ away ! lov] to a des]t isl&1 :]e he langui%$ 9 captivity1 till 8 lady-love contriv$ to break ! magic spell t b\nd him4 ,toge!r !y sail$ home to ,e/honia1 :i* !y rea*$ on ,/4 ,john's ,day1 & burnt _! %ip1 resolv$ to /ray no long] 9 f> =eign l&s4 ,! sw+s 9 :i* ! ,e/honian maid5s /ill rock !mselves on ,/4 ,john's ,day are said to recall ! %ip 9 :i* ! lov]s toss$ ^u ! /ormy sea1 & ! bonfires commemorate ! burn+ ( x4 ,:5 ! fires h di$ out1 ! sw+s are laid aside & nev] us$ aga9 ei!r 9 ! village or at ! solit>y aleh\se until spr+ comes r\nd once m47#gdb7 ,"h x is natural to connect bo? sw+s & bonfires ) ! app>5t c\rse ( ! sun1 :o rea*es ! highe/ & turn+ po9t ( 8 orbit on ,/4 ,john's ,day4 ,bonfires & sw+s p]haps 7 orig9ally *>ms int5d$ to k9dle & spe$ afre% on its heav5ly road 8! gold5 sw+ 9 ! sky40 ,among ! ,letts ( ,s\? ,livonia & ,curl& ! summ] sol/ice is ! occasion ( a great fe/ival ( fl[]s1 at :i* ! p s+ songs ) ! con/ant refra9 ( lihgo1 lihgo4 ,x has be5 propos$ to d]ive ! ^w lihgo f ! ,letti% v]b ligot1 8to sw+10 ) ref]5ce to ! sun sw++ 9 ! sky at ?is turn+-po9t ( 8 c\rse47#gdc7 7,m#bba7 ,at ,t5g>o5g1 9 ,ea/]n ,borneo1 ! prie/s & prie/esses receive ! inspiration ( ! spirits seat$ 9 sw+s & rock+ !mselves to & fro4 ,?us susp5d$ 9 ! air !y appe> to be 9 a peculi>ly fav\rable position = cat*+ ! div9e afflatus4 ,"o end ( ! plank :i* =ms ! seat ( ! prie/'s sw+ is c>v$ 9 ! rude lik5ess ( a crocodile's head2 ! sw+ ( ! prie/ess is simil>ly ornam5t$ ) a s]p5t's head47#gdd7 7,m#bbb7 ,aga91 sw+s are us$ = ! cure ( sickness1 b x is ! doctor :o rocks himself 9 !m1 n ! pati5t4 ,9 ,nor? ,borneo ! ,dyak m$ic9e man w sometimes erect a sw+ 9 front ( ! sick man's h\se & sway backw>ds & =w>ds on x = ! purpose ( kick+ away ! disease1 fright5+ away evil spirits1 & cat*+ ! /ray s\l ( ! suff]]47#gde7 ,cle>ly 9 8 passage ?r\gh ! air ! physician is likely to collide ) ! disease & ! evil spirits1 bo? ( :i* are sure to be loit]+ ab\t 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! pati5t1 & ! rude %ock ?us giv5 to ! malady & ! demons may reasonably be expect$ to pu% or hu/le !m away4 ,at ,t5g>o5g1 9 ,ea/]n ,borneo1 a travell] witness$ a c]emony = ! expulsion ( an evil _s 9 :i* sw++ play$ a "p4 ,aft] f\r m5 9 blue %irts bespangl$ ) />s1 & we>+ coronets ( r$ clo? decorat$ ) beads & bells1 _h s\ght dilig5tly = ! devil1 grabbl+ ab\t on ! floor & grunt+ )al1 ?ree hide\s hags dress$ 9 fad$ r$ petticoats 7 br\ght 9 ) great pomp1 c>ri$ on ! %\ld]s ( ,malays1 & took _! seats1 amid solemn sil5ce1 on ! cradle ( a sw+1 ! ends ( :i* 7 c>v$ to repres5t ! head & tail ( a crocodile4 ,n a s\nd escap$ f ! cr[d ( spectators dur+ ?is awe-inspir+ c]emony2 !y reg>d$ ! bus9ess z mo/ s]i\s4 ,! v5]able dames !n rock$ to & fro on ! sw+1 fann+ !mselves languidly ) ,*9ese pap] fans4 ,at a lat] /age ( ! p]=mance !y & ?ree girls dis*>g$ burn+ arr[s at a sort ( alt> ( banana leaves1 maize1 & grass4 ,?is complet$ ! discomfiture ( ! devil47#gdf7 7,m#bbc7 ,! ,a!nians 9 antiquity celebrat$ an annual fe/ival ( sw++4 ,bo>ds 7 hung f trees by ropes1 & p sitt+ on !m swung to & fro1 :ile !y sang songs ( a loose or voluptu\s "*4 ,! sw++ w5t on bo? 9 public & private4 ,v>i\s explanations 7 giv5 ( ! cu/om2 ! mo/ g5]ally receiv$ 0 z foll[s4 ,:5 ,bac*us came among m5 to make kn[n to !m ! pleasures ( w9e1 he lodg$ ) a c]ta9 ,ic>us or ,ic>ius1 to :om he reveal$ ! preci\s secret & bade him g =? & c>ry ! glad tid+s to all ! _w4 ,s ,ic>us load$ a waggon ) w9e-sk9s1 & set out on 8 travels1 ! dog ,ma]a runn+ beside him4 ,he came to ,attica1 & !re fell 9 ) %eph]ds t5d+ _! %eep1 to :om he gave ( ! w9e4 ,!y drank gre$ily1 b :5 "s ( !m fell d[n dead drunk1 _! companions ?\ght ! /rang] _h poison$ !m ) int5t to /eal ! %eep2 s !y knock$ him on ! head4 ,! fai?ful dog ran home & guid$ 8 ma/]'s daught] ,erigone to ! body4 ,at sight ( x %e 0 smitt5 ) despair & hang$ h]self on a tree beside h] dead fa!r1 b n until %e _h pray$ t1 unless ! ,a!nians %\ld av5ge h] sire's murd]1 _! daught]s might die ! same dea? z %e4 ,h] curse 0 fulfill$1 = soon _m ,a!nian damsels hang$ !mselves = no obvi\s reason4 ,an oracle in=m$ ! ,a!nians ( ! true cause ( ?is epidemic ( suicide2 s !y s\ght out ! bodies ( ! unhappy pair & in/itut$ ! sw++ fe/ival to appease ,erigone2 & at ! v9tage !y (f]$ ! fir/ ( ! grapes to h] & h] fa!r47#gdg7 7,m#bbd7 ,?us ! sw++ fe/ival at ,a!ns 0 reg>d$ by ! anci5ts z an expiation = a suicide or suicides by hang+4 ,?is op9ion is /rongly confirm$ by a /atem5t ( ,v>ro1 t x 0 unlawful to p]=m fun]al rites 9 hon\r ( p]sons :o _h di$ by hang+1 b t 9 _! case su* rites 7 replac$ by a cu/om ( sw++ images1 z if 9 imitation ( ! dea? !y _h di$47#gdh7 ,s]vius says t ! ,a!nians1 fail+ to f9d ! bodies ( ,ic>ius & ,erigone on e>?1 made a pret5ce ( seek+ !m 9 ! air by sw++ on ropes hung f trees2 & he seems to h reg>d$ ! cu/om ( sw++ z a purification by means ( air47#gdi7 ,?is explanation probably comes v ne> ! tru?2 inde$ if we sub/itute 8s\ls0 = 8bodies0 9 ! word+ ( x we may almo/ accept x z exact4 ,x might be ?\ght t ! s\ls ( p]sons :o _h di$ by hang+ 71 m ?an ! s\ls ( ! o!r dead1 hov]+ 9 ! air1 s9ce _! bodies 7 susp5d$ 9 air at ! mom5t ( dea?4 ,h5ce x w\ld be consid]$ ne$ful to purge ! air ( ^! vagrant spirits1 & ?is might be done by sw++ p]sons or ?+s to & fro1 9 ord] t by _! impact !y might disp]se & drive away ! baleful gho/s4 ,?us ! cu/om w\ld be exactly analog\s1 on ! "o h&1 to ! practice ( ! ,malay m$ic9e-man1 :o sw+s to & fro 9 front ( ! pati5t's h\se 9 ord] to *ase away ! disease1 or to fright5 away evil spirits1 or to cat* ! /ray s\l ( ! sick man1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 to ! practice ( ! ,c5tral ,au/ralian aborig9es :o beat ! air ) _! weapons & h&s 9 ord] to drive ! l+]+ gho/ away to ! grave47#gej7 ,at ,rome sw++ seems to h =m$ "p ( ! great ,lat9 fe/ival 7,f]iae ,lat9ae71 & its orig9 0 trac$ to a se>* 9 ! air = ! body or ev5 ! s\l ( ,k+ ,lat9us1 :o _h disappe>$ f e>? aft] ! battle ) ,mez5tius1 ,k+ ( ,ca]e47#gea7 7,m#bbe7 ,yet on ! o!r h& !re are circum/ances :i* po9t to an intimate association1 bo? at ,a!ns & ,rome1 ( ^! sw++ fe/ivals ) an int5tion ( promot+ ! gr[? ( cultivat$ plants4 ,su* circum/ances are ! leg5d>y connexion ( ! ,a!nian fe/ival ) ,bac*us1 ! cu/om ( (f]+ ! fir/-fruits ( ! v9tage to ,erigone & ,ic>ius17#geb7 & at ,rome ! practice ( hang+ masks on trees at ! "t ( s[+7#gec7 & 9 ord] to make ! grapes gr[ bett]47#ged7 ,p]haps we c reconcile ! two app>5tly discrepant effects attribut$ to sw++ z a means ( expiation on ! "o side & ( f]tilisation on ! o!r1 by suppos+ t 9 bo? cases ! int5tion is to cle> ! air ( dang]\s influ5ces1 :e!r ^! are gho/s ( ! unburi$ dead or spiritual p[]s inimical to ! gr[? ( plants4 ,indep5d5t ( bo? appe>s to be ! notion t ! high] y sw+ ! high] w gr[ ! crops47#gee7 ,?is la/ is homoeopa?ic or imitative magic pure & simple1 )\t any admixture ( ! ideas ( purification or expiation4 7,m#bbf7 ,9 mod]n ,greece & ,italy ! cu/om ( sw++ z a fe/al rite1 :atev] its orig9 may be1 is /ill obs]v$ 9 "s places4 ,at ! small village ( ,k\k\ra 9 ,elis an ,engli% travell] obs]v$ peasants sw++ f a tree 9 hon\r ( ,/4 ,george1 ^: fe/ival x 047#gef7 ,on ! ,tuesday aft] ,ea/] ! maid5s ( ,s]iphos play _! fav\rite game ( ! sw+4 ,!y hang a rope f "o wall to ano!r ( ! /eep1 n>r[1 fil?y /reet1 & putt+ "s clo!s on x sw+ "o aft] ! o!r1 s++ z !y sw+4 ,"y m5 :o try to pass are call$ ^u to pay toll 9 ! %ape ( a p5ny1 a song1 & a sw+4 ,! words :i* ! y\? s+s are g5]ally ^!3 8,! gold is swung1 ! silv] is swung1 & swung too is my love ) ! gold5 hair02 to :i* ! girl replies1 8,:o is x t sw+s me t ,i may gild him ) my fav\r1 t ,i may "w him a fez all cov]$ ) pe>ls807#geg7 ,9 ! ,greek isl& ( ,k>pa?os ! villag]s assemble at a giv5 place on ea* ( ! f\r ,sundays be=e ,ea/]1 a sw+ is erect$1 & ! wom5 sw+ "o aft] ! o!r1 s++ dea? wails su* z !y *ant r\nd ! mimic tombs 9 *ur* on ! night ( ,good ,friday47#geh7 ,on ,*ri/mas ,day peasant girls 9 "s villages ( ,calabria fa/5 ropes to iron r+s 9 ! ceil+ & sw+ on !m1 :ile !y s+ c]ta9 songs prescrib$ by cu/om = ! occasion4 ,! practice is reg>d$ n m]ely z an amusem5t b also z an act ( devotion47#gei7 8,x is a cu/om 9 ,cadiz1 :5 ,*ri/mas comes1 to fa/5 sw+s 9 ! c\rty>ds ( h\ses1 & ev5 9 ! h\ses !mselves :5 !re is no room = !m outside4 ,9 ! ev5+s lads & lasses assemble r\nd ! sw+s & pass ! "t happily 9 sw++ amid joy\s songs & cries4 ,! sw+s are tak5 d[n :5 ,c>nival is come407#gfj7 ,! obs]vance ( ! cu/om at ,*ri/mas1 t is1 at ! w9t] sol/ice1 sugge/s t 9 ,calabria & ,spa91 z 9 ,e/honia1 ! pa/ime may orig9ally h be5 a magical rite design$ to assi/ ! sun 9 climb+ ! /eep asc5t to ! top ( ! summ] sky4 ,if ?is 7 s1 we might surmise t ! gold & ! gold5 hair m5tion$ by y\?s & maid5s ( ,s]iphos z !y sw+ ref] to 8! gold5 sw+ 9 ! sky10 9 o!r words to ! sun ^: gold5 lamp sw+s daily across ! blue vault ( heav54 7,m#bbg7 ,h[ev] t may be1 x w\ld seem t fe/ivals ( sw++ are especially held 9 spr+4 ,?is is true1 = example1 ( ,nor? ,africa1 :]e su* fe/ivals are common4 ,at "s places 9 t "p ( ! _w ! date ( ! sw++ is ! "t ( ! apricots2 at o!rs x is said to be ! spr+ equ9ox4 ,9 "s places ! fe/ival la/s ?ree days1 & fa!rs :o h _h *ildr5 born to !m )9 ! ye> br+ !m & sw+ !m 9 ! sw+s47#gfa7 ,9 ,corea 8! fif? day ( ! fif? moon is call$ ,tano-nal4 ,ance/ors are !n wor%ipp$1 & sw+s are put up 9 ! y>ds ( mo/ h\ses = ! amusem5t ( ! p4 ,! wom5 on ?is day may g ab\t ! /reets2 dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye> !y may g out only aft] d>k4 ,dress$ 9 _! prettie/ clo!s1 !y visit ! v>i\s h\ses & amuse !mselves sw++4 ,! sw+ is said to convey ! idea ( keep+ cool 9 ! approa*+ summ]4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ popul> fea/s ( ! ye>407#gfb7 ,p]haps ! reason "h assign$ = sw++ may expla9 o!r in/ances ( ! cu/om2 on ! pr9ciples ( homoeopa?ic magic ! sw++ may be reg>d$ z a means ( ensur+ a succession ( cool refre%+ breezes dur+ ! oppressive heat ( ! ensu+ summ]4 ,,add5da4 ,p4 #ajd4 ,! sacr$ prec9ct ( ,pelops at ,olympia4--,x des]ves to be not$ t j z ,pelops1 ^: leg5d reflects ! orig9 ( ! *>iot-race1 _h 8 sacr$ prec9ct & probably 8 tomb at ,olympia1 9 l mann] ,endymion1 ^: leg5d reflects ! orig9 ( ! foot-race17#gfc7 _h 8 tomb at ! end ( ! ,olympic /adium1 at ! po9t :]e ! runn]s />t$ 9 ! race47#gfd7 ,?is pres5ce at ,olympia ( ! graves ( ! two e>ly k+s1 ^: names are associat$ ) ! orig9 ( ! foot-race & ( ! *>iot-race respectively1 c h>dly be )\t significance2 x indicates ! important "p play$ by ! dead 9 ! f\ndation ( ! ,olympic games4 ,p4 #ahh4 ,a man is lit]ally reborn 9 ! p]son ( 8 son4--,?is belief 9 ! possible rebir? ( ! p>5t 9 ! *ild may sometimes expla9 ! seem+ly widespread dislike ( p to h *ildr5 l !mselves4 ,examples ( su* a dislike h met u 9 a =m] "p ( ?is "w47#gfe7 ,a simil> sup]/ition prevails among ! ,papuans ( ,doreh ,bay 9 ,dut* ,new ,gu9ea4 ,:5 a son resembles 8 fa!r or a daught] resembles h] "m closely 9 features1 ^! savages fe> t ! fa!r or "m w soon die47#gff7 ,aga91 9 ! isl& ( ,sav\1 to ! s\?-we/ ( ,timor1 if a *ild at bir? is ?\ght to be l its fa!r or "m1 x may n rema9 "u ! p>5tal ro(1 else ! p]son :om x resembles w\ld soon die47#gfg7 ,su* sup]/itions1 x is obvi\s1 might readily sugge/ ! exp$i5t ( kill+ ! *ild 9 ord] to save ! life ( ! p>5t4 ,,index4 ,ababua1 !1 #fe ,abbas1 ! ,great1 #aeg ,ab*ases1 _! memorial fea/s1 #ih1 #ajc ,abdication1 annual1 ( k+s1 #adh2 ( fa!r :5 8 son is gr[n up1 #aha2 ( ! k+ on ! bir? ( a son1 #aij ,abeokuta1 ! ,alake (1 #bjc ,abipones1 !1 #fc ,abraham1 8 attempt$ sacrifice ( ,isaac1 #agg ,abruzzi1 !1 #ff1 #fg2 burn+ an effigy ( ! ,c>nival 9 !1 #bbd2 ,l5t5 cu/om 9 !1 #bdd sq4 ,ab/ract notions1 ! p]sonification (1 n primitive1 #bec ,academy at ,a!ns1 fun]al games held 9 !1 #if ,acaill1 ,book (1 #ci ,accession ( a ,%illuk k+1 c]emonies at !1 #bc sq4 ,acropolis at ,a!ns1 ! sacr$ s]p5t on !1 #hf sq4 ,adonis or ,tammuz1 #g ,aesculapius re/ores ,hippolytus or ,virbius to life1 #bad ,africa1 succession to ! s\l 91 #bjj sq4 ---- ,nor?1 fe/ivals ( sw++ 91 #bhd ,aga?ocles1 8 siege ( ,c>?age1 #afg ,agrig5tum1 ,phal>is (1 #ge ,agrionia1 a fe/ival1 #afc ,agylla1 fun]al games at1 #ie ,ahaz1 ,k+1 8 sacrifice ( 8 *ildr51 #afi sq4 ,akurwa1 #ai1 #bc1 #bd ,alake1 !1 ( ,abeokuta1 cu/om ( cutt+ (f ! head ( 8 corpse1 #bjc ,alban k+s1 #gf ,albania1 expulsion ( ,kore on ,ea/] ,eve 91 #bfe ,alcibiades ( ,apamea1 8 vision ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 #e n4#c ,alex&] ! ,great1 fun]al games 9 8 hon\r1 #ie ,algonk9 wom51 _! attempts to be impregnat$ by ! s\ls ( ! dy+1 #aii ,altdorf & ,we+>t51 ,a% ,w$nesday at1 #bcb ,alus1 sanctu>y ( ,laphy/ian ,zeus at1 #afa1 #afd ,amasis1 k+ ( ,egypt1 #bag ,amelioration 9 ! "* ( ! gods1 #acf ,am]ican ,indians1 _! ,great ,_s1 #c ,&aman ,isl&]s1 _! ideas z to %oot+ />s1 #fj ,angamis1 !1 #ac ,angel ( ,dea?1 #agg sq4 ,angola1 ! ,matiamvo (1 #ce ,angoni1 !1 ( ,briti% ,c5tral ,africa1 #aef n4#b ,angoy1 k+ (1 #ci ,anh\ri1 ,egyptian god1 #e ,animals sacr$ to k+s1 #hb1 #hd sqq42 trans=mations into1 #hb sqq4 ,annam1 natives (1 _! indiff]5ce to dea?1 #acf sq4 ,annual abdication ( k+s1 #adh ---- r5ewal ( k+'s p[] at ,babylon1 #aac ---- t5ure ( ! k+%ip1 #aac sqq4 ,anti*ri/1 expect$ reign (1 #dd sq4 ,aphrodite1 ! grave (1 #d ,apollo1 buri$ at ,delphi1 #d2 s]vitude (1 #gj n4#a1 #gh2 & ! laurel1 #gh sqq42 z slay] ( ! dragon at ,delphi1 #gh1 #gi1 #hj sq42 at ,!bes1 #gi2 purg$ ( ! dragon's blood 9 ! ,vale ( ,tempe1 #ha ,ard5nes1 effigies ( ,c>nival burn$ 9 !1 #bbf sq4 ,ares1 ! grave (1 #d ,ariadne & ,!seus1 #ge ,ariadne's ,dance1 #gg ,arician grove1 ritual ( !1 #bac ,arizona1 mock human sacrifices 91 #bae ,arnold1 ,mat!w1 on ! ,engli% middle class1 #adf ,artemis1 ,muny*ian1 sacrifice to1 #aff n4#a2 mock human sacrifice 9 ! ritual (1 #bae sq4 ,artemisia1 wife ( ,mausolus1 #ie ,ascanius1 #gf ,asc5sion ,day1 #bbb n4#a2 ! 8,c>ry+ out ( ,dea?0 on1 at ,brall]1 #bdg sqq4 ,a% ,w$nesday1 ,burial ( ! ,c>nival on1 #bba2 dea? ( ,c>amantran on1 #bbf2 effigies ( ,c>nival or ( ,%rove ,tuesday burnt or buri$ on1 #bbf1 #bbh sqq4 ,a%]im1 sacr$ poles1 #afi ,ass1 son ( a god 9 ! =m ( an1 #abd sq42 ! cre/ or totem ( a royal family1 #acb1 #acc 8,assegai1 *ild ( !10 #ahc ,asses & m51 r$emption ( fir/l+1 #agc ,assyrian eponymate1 #aaf sq4 ,a/>te1 ! moon-goddess1 #ib ,a/ronomical consid]ations det]m9+ ! e>ly ,greek cal5d>1 #fh sq4 ,a?amas & 8 *ildr51 leg5d (1 #afa sqq4 ,a!na1 human sacrifices to1 #aff n4#a ,a!naeus1 #adc ,a!nian fe/ival ( sw++1 #bha ,a!ns1 fun]al games at1 #if2 h& ( suicide cut (f at1 #bbj n4 ,attacks on k+s p]mitt$1 #bb1 #dh sqq4 ,aun or ,on1 k+ ( ,sw$51 #eg2 sacrifices 8 sons1 #afj sq41 #ahh ,aurora ,au/ralis1 fe> ent]ta9$ by ! ,kurnai ( !1 #bfg n4#a ,au/ralia1 cu/om ( de/roy+ fir/born *ildr5 among ! aborig9es (1 #agi sq42 magical rites = ! revival ( nature 9 ,c5tral1 #bgj ,au/ralian aborig9es1 _! ideas z to %oot+ />s1 #fj sq4 ---- fun]al cu/om1 #ib ,avebury1 ,"l1 #adf n4#a1 #bgc ,baal1 ,semitic1 #ge2 human sacrifices to1 #afg sqq41 #aie ,babylon1 fe/ival ( ,zagmuk at1 #aaj1 #aac ,babylonian gods1 mortality ( !1 #e sq4 ---- leg5d ( creation1 #aaj ---- my? ( ,m>duk & ,tiamat1 #aje sq41 #ajg sq4 ,bac*ic fr5zy1 #afd ,bag&a1 !1 #aa ,ball1 ,v41 #bgi ,ballymote1 ! ,book (1 #ajj ,balwe 9 ,we/phalia1 ,bury+ ! ,c>nival at1 #bcb ,bani%m5t ( homicide1 #fi sq4 ,banna1 a tribe accu/om$ to /rangle _! fir/born *ildr51 #aha sq4 ,b>b]1 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,a41 #ade n41 #bge ,b>celona1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at1 #bdb ,b>ongo1 !1 #aj1 #fa ,ba%ada1 a tribe accu/om$ to /rangle _! fir/born *ildr51 #aha sq4 ,ba%kirs1 _! horse-races at fun]als1 #ig ,ba? ( ox blood1 #bja ,battle ( ,summ] & ,w9t]1 #bed sqq4 ,bautz1 ,dr4 ,joseph1 on hell fire1 #acf n4#a ,bav>ia1 ,:itsuntide mumm]s 91 #bjg sq42 ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 91 #bcc sqq42 dramatic conte/s betwe5 ,summ] & ,w9t] 91 #bee sq4 ,be>1 ! s\l ( ,typhon 9 ! ,great1 #e ,bea/1 ! numb] ( !1 #dd ,beat+ cattle to make !m fat or fruitful1 #bcf ,beauty & ! ,bea/ type ( tale1 #abe sqq4 ,b$\9s1 annual fe/ival ( ! ,s9aitic1 #ig ,beh>1 cu/om ( sw++ 91 #bgi ,behead+ ! ,k+1 a ,:itsuntide pageant 9 ,bohemia1 #bji sq4 ,b5gal1 k+s (1 _! rule ( succession1 #ea ,b5gkali1 ,ea/ ,indian isl&1 #bgg ,b591 k+ (1 repres5t$ ) pan!r's :isk]s1 #he sq42 human sacrifices at ! burial ( a k+ (1 #aci sq4 ,b]osus1 ,babylonian hi/orian1 #aac ,b]ry1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 91 #bda sq4 ,bhagats1 mock human sacrifices among !1 #bag sq4 ,bhuiyas1 !1 ( nor?-ea/]n ,india1 #ef ,bilaspur1 tempor>y rajah 91 #aed ,birds ( om51 /ories ( _! orig91 #abf1 #abg sq4 ,black1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,su!rl&1 #bfj sq4 ,black bull sacrific$ to ! dead1 #ie ---- ox1 ba? ( blood (1 #bja ---- ram sacrific$ to ,pelops1 #ib1 #ajd ,bl&1 ,j4 ,o4 ,p41 #bgd sq4 ,blemi%es1 bodily1 a gr\nd = putt+ k+s to dea?1 #cf sqq4 ,blood ( victims 9 ra9-mak+ c]emonies1 #bj2 ba? ( ox1 #ce2 human1 (f]$ to ! dead1 #ib sq41 #ajd2 ( sacrifice spla%$ on door-po/s1 h\se-po/s1 etc41 #age1 #agf n4#a2 ( human victims sme>$ on faces ( idols1 #ahe ,boemus1 ,j41 #bcd ,bohemia1 ,:itsuntide mumm]s 91 #bji sqq42 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 91 #bcg sq4 ,bones ( sacrificial victim n brok51 #bj ,bonfire1 jump+ ov]1 #bfb ,boni1 9 ,celebes1 #dj ,book ( ,acaill1 #ci ,borans1 _! cu/om ( sacrific+ _! *ildr51 #aha ,bororos1 !1 ( ,brazil1 #fb ,b\rges1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at1 #bdb ,b\rke1 ,capta9 ,j4 ,g41 #bae ,box]s at fun]als1 #ig ,brahmans1 ! c]emonial sw++ (1 #aej1 #aef sq4 ,brall] 9 ,transylvania1 #bcj2 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 at1 #bdg sqq4 ,brasidas1 fun]al games 9 8 hon\r1 #id ,brazilian ,indians1 _! indiff]5ce to dea?1 #ach ,breezes1 magical means ( secur+1 #bhg ,bridegroom ( ! ,may1 #bff ,br++ 9 ,summ]1 #bcc1 #bcg1 #bch1 #bdf sqq4 ,britom>tis & ,m9os1 #gc ,brittany1 ,burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday or ( ! ,c>nival 91 #bbi sq4 ,brockelmann1 ,c41 #aaf ,bronze pl\ghs us$ by ,etruscans at f\nd+ cities1 #aeg ,bro!r & si/] m>riages 9 royal families1 #aic sq4 ,buddhi/ monks1 suicide (1 #db sq4 ,budge1 ,e4 ,a4 ,wallis1 #e n4#c ,bug9ese ( ,celebes1 _! cu/om ( sw++1 #bgg ,bull1 ,pasiphae & !1 #ga2 z symbol ( ! sun1 #ga sq42 ! braz51 ( ,phal>is1 #ge2 said to h guid$ ! ,samnites1 #ahf n4#d ---- & c[1 repres5t$ by mask$ actors1 #ga ,bull-head$ image ( ! sun1 #ge1 #gf1 #gh ,burgebra* 9 ,bav>ia1 /raw-man burnt on ,a% ,w$nesday at1 #bcb ,burial alive ( ! ag$1 #aa sq42 9 j>s1 #ab sq42 ( infants to secure rebir?1 #aii sq42 ( ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bbh ,burn+ an effigy ( ! ,c>nival1 #bbc1 #bbd1 #bbh sq41 #bbi sq41 #bcb sq4 ---- effigies ( ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bbg sqq42 ( ,w9t] at ,zuri*1 #bfj sq4 8,bury+ ! ,c>nival10 #bji1 #bbj sqq4 ,busoga1 mock human sacrifice 91 #bae ,cabunian1 ,m\nt1 #c ,cadiz1 cu/om ( sw++ at1 #bhd ,cadmea1 !1 #gi ,cadmus1 s]vitude (1 = ! slaught] ( ! dragon1 #gj n4#a1 #gh2 ! slay] ( ! dragon at ,!bes1 #gh sq4 ---- & ,h>monia1 _! trans=mation into s]p5ts1 #hd2 m>riage (1 #hh1 #hi ,caffres1 !1 #fe ,caiem1 ! caliph1 #h ,calabria1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 91 #bda2 cu/om ( sw++ 91 #bhd ,cal5d>1 ! e>ly ,greek1 det]m9$ by a/ronomical consid]ations1 #fh sq42 closely b\nd up ) religion1 #fi2 ! ,syro-,mac$onian1 #aaf ,calica ,puran1 an ,indian law-book1 #bag ,calicut1 rule ( succession obs]v$ by ! k+s (1 #dg sqq41 #bjf ,cali=nia1 ,indians (1 #fb ,cambodia1 ,k+s ( ,fire & ,wat] 91 #ad2 annual abdication ( ! k+ (1 #adh ,canaanites1 _! cu/om ( burn+ _! *ildr5 9 hon\r ( ,baal1 #afh ,canada1 ,indians (1 _! c]emony = mitigat+ ! cold ( w9t]1 #bei sq4 ,c>amantran1 dea? (1 on ,a% ,w$nesday 9 ,prov5ce1 #bbf ,c>9?ia1 c]emony at ! in/allation ( a pr9ce (1 #aed sq4 ,c>man1 ! fair (1 #ajj1 #aja ,c>nival1 ,bury+ !1 #bji1 #bbj sqq42 sw+s tak5 d[n at1 #bhg 8,c>nival 7,%rovetide7 ,fool10 #bca ,c>ol9a1 k+'s son w\nd$ among ! ,indians (1 #ahd sq4 ,c>ri] ,indians1 succession to ! s\l among !1 #aii 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?10 #bba1 #bcc sqq41 #bdf sqq4 ,c>?ag9ian sacrifice ( *ildr5 to ,molo*1 #ge2 to ,baal1 #afg sq4 ,cassange1 9 ,angola1 k+ (1 #bjc2 human sacrifice at in/allation ( k+ (1 #ef sq4 ,cassotis1 oracul> spr+1 #gi ,ca/aly1 ! oracul> spr+ (1 #gi ,catalonia1 fun]al ( ,c>nival 91 #bbe ,cattle sacrific$ in/ead ( human be+s1 #aff n4 #a ,caucasus1 fun]al games among ! p ( !1 #ig sq4 ,cauxanas1 ,indian tribe ( ! ,amazon1 kill all _! fir/born *ildr51 #ahe sq4 ,cecrops1 half-s]p5t1 half-man1 #hf sq4 ,celebes1 sanctity ( regalia 91 #bjb2 ! ,toboongkoos (1 #bai ,celts ( ,gaul1 _! indiff]5ce to dea?1 #adb sq4 ,cemet]ies1 fairs held at1 #aja1 #ajb ,*aka1 a ,zulu tyrant1 #cf sq4 ,*ama1 t[n on ! ,gold ,coa/1 #abi ,*>iot-race at ,olympia1 #ia1 #ajd sq41 #bhg ---- races 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 #ic ,*ewsurs1 _! fun]al games1 #ih ,*eyne1 ,pr(essor ,t4 ,k41 #hf n4#d ,*ilcot9 ,indians1 _! practice at an eclipse ( ! sun1 #gg 8,*ild ( ! assegai10 #ahc ,*ildr5 sacrific$ to ,molo*1 #ge2 sacrific$ by ! ,semites1 #aff sqq42 dislike ( p>5ts to h *ildr5 l !mselves1 #bhg ,*9ese indiff]5ce to dea?1 #add sqq41 #bgc sqq42 reports ( cu/om ( dev\r+ fir/born *ildr51 #ahj ,*iriguanos1 !1 ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 #ab ,*irol1 ,val5t9e1 #bgd ,*itom1 a pontiff 9 ,congo1 ! mann] ( 8 dea?1 #ad sq4 ,*ri/mas1 cu/om ( sw++ at1 #bhd ,*rudim 9 ,bohemia1 effigy ( ,dea? burnt at1 #bci ,*uk*ees1 volunt>y dea?s among !1 #ac ,circassia1 games 9 hon\r ( ! dead 91 #ih ,circumcision ( fa!r z a mode ( r$eem+ 8 (fspr+1 #aha2 mimic rite (1 #bai sq4 ,cities1 ,etruscan c]emony at ! f\nd+ (1 #aeg ,cl\d-dragon1 my? ( !1 #ajg ,cluis-,dessus & ,cluis-,dess\s1 cu/om ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at1 #bda sq4 ,cnossus1 ,m9os at1 #gj sqq42 ! labyr9? at1 #ge sqq4 ,cobra1 ! cre/ ( ! ,mah>ajah ( ,nagpur1 #acb sq4 ,cock1 k+ repres5t$ ) ! fea!rs ( a1 #he ,col*is1 ,phrixus 91 #afb ,congo1 ! pontiff ,*itom 91 #ad ,conjunction ( sun & moon1 a "t = m>riage1 #gc ,consecration ( fir/l+s1 #agb ,contempt ( dea?1 #adb sqq4 ,conte/s1 dramatic1 betwe5 actors repres5t+ ,summ] & ,w9t]1 #bed sqq4 ,conti1 ,nicolo1 #ed ,conybe>e1 ,f4 ,c41 #e n4#c ,cook1 ,a4 ,b41 #ga n4#b1 #gh n4#b1 #gi n4#a1 #hj1 #ha n4#a1 #hb ns4#a & #c1 #hi n4#e1 #ij ,corannas ( ,s\? ,africa1 cu/om z to succession among !1 #aia sq4 ,corea1 cu/om ( sw++ 91 #bhd sq4 ,cornaby1 ,rev4 ,w4 ,a41 #bgc ,corn=d1 ,f4 ,m41 #ia n4#g ,corn-h>ve/1 ! fir/-fruits ( !1 (f]$ at ,lammas1 #aja sq4 ---- -_s call$ ! ,old ,man or ! ,old ,woman1 #bec sq4 ,cornwall1 tempor>y k+ 91 #aec sq4 ,corporeal relics ( dead k+s conf] "r to ?rone1 #bjb sq4 ,c\rti]s requir$ to imitate _! sov]eign1 #ci sq4 ,c[ z symbol ( ! moon1 #ga sq4 ,crane1 dance call$ !1 #ge ,crassus1 ,publicius ,lic9ius1 #if ,creation1 my?s (1 #ajf sqq42 ,babylonian leg5d (1 #aaj ,creator1 ! grave ( !1 #c ,crete1 grave ( ,zeus 91 #c ,crim9als sacrific$1 #aie ,crocodile clan1 #ca ,cromm ,crua*1 a leg5d>y ,iri% idol1 #ahc ,cronus buri$ 9 ,sicily1 #d2 8 sacrifice ( 8 son1 #aff1 #agi2 8 treatm5t ( 8 fa!r & 8 *ildr51 #aib2 8 m>riage ) 8 si/] ,rhea1 #aid ,crooke1 ,w41 #ec n4#a1 #aeg n4#e1 #aei n4#a ,cr[n ( laurel1 #gh1 #hj sqq42 ( oak leaves1 #hj sqq42 ( olive at ,olympia1 #ia ,cr[n+1 fe/ival ( !1 at ,delphi1 #gh sqq4 ,crua*an1 ! fair (1 #aja ,cry/als1 sup]/itions z to1 #fd n4#f ,cupid & ,psy*e1 /ory (1 #aca ,cutt+ or lac]at+ ! body 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 #ib sq41 #ig ,cuttle-fi%1 expiation = kill+ a1 #bag ,cy*reus1 k+ ( ,salamis1 #hg ,cycle1 ! oct5nial1 bas$ on an attempt to reconcile sol> & lun> "t1 #fh sq4 ,cyclopes1 slaught] ( !1 #gh n4#d ,cytisorus1 #afb ,cze*s ( ,bohemia1 #bba ,da$alus1 #ge ,dahomey1 royal family (1 relat$ to leop>ds1 #he2 religi\s massacres 91 #ach ,daira or ,mahadev ,mohamm$ans 9 ,mysore1 #bbj ,dalton1 ,colonel ,e4 ,t41 #bag ,danakils or ,af> ( ,ea/ ,africa1 #bjj ,dance ( y\?s & maid5s at ,cnossus1 #ge sqq42 ,ariadne's1 #gg ,d>di/an1 cu/om ( sw++ 91 #bgi ,d>fur1 ,sultans (1 #ci ,dass]a fe/ival ( ,nepaul1 #bgg ,daura1 a ,hausa k+dom1 #ce2 cu/om ( succession to ! ?rone 91 #bja ,david1 ,k+1 & ! braz5 s]p5t1 #hf ,dead1 s\ls ( !1 associat$ ) fall+ />s1 #fd sqq42 rebir? ( !1 #gj2 sacrifices to !1 #ib1 #ic1 #id1 #ie1 #ig2 human blood (f]$ to !1 #ib sq41 #ajd ,dead k+s1 wor%ip (1 #bd sq42 _! spirits ?\ght to possess sick p1 #be sq42 ( ,ug&a consult$ z oracles1 #bjj sq4 ---- man's h& us$ 9 magical c]emony1 #bfg n4#a ---- ,"o1 !1 "n appli$ to ! la/ %eaf1 #bed ---- ,sunday1 #bci2 ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 #bba2 also call$ ,mid-,l5t1 #bbb n4#a ,dea? ( ! ,great ,pan1 #f sq4 ---- pref]5ce = a viol5t1 #i sqq42 natural1 reg>d$ z a calamity1 #aa sq42 ,european fe> (1 #ace sq41 #adf2 indiff]5ce to1 display$ by _m races1 #acf sqq42 ! ,c>ry+ out (1 #bba1 #bcc sqq41 #bdf sqq42 conception (1 9 relation to vegetation1 #bec sq42 9 ! corn1 #bed2 & resurrection ( ,ko/rubonko at ,ea/]tide1 #bfa2 & revival ( vegetation1 #bfc sq4 ,dea?1 effigy (1 fe>$ & abhorr$1 #bci sq42 pot5cy ( life attribut$ to1 #bdg sqq4 ---- ! ,angel (1 #agg sq4 ,de ,b>ros1 ,portuguese hi/orian1 #ea ,de]1 desc5t ( ,kalamants f a1 #abf sq42 sacrific$ in/ead ( human be+s1 #aff n44#a ,delos1 ,!seus at1 #ge ,delphi1 tombs ( ,dionysus & ,apollo at1 #c sq42 fe/ival ( ,cr[n+ at1 #gh sqq4 ,d5gdit1 ! ,supreme ,be+ ( ! ,d9ka1 #cj1 #cb ,deputy1 ! exp$i5t ( dy+ by1 #ef1 #afj ,dictynna & ,m9os1 #gc ,d9ka1 !1 ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 #bh sqq42 totemism ( !1 #cj sq4 ,diom$e1 human sacrifices to1 #aff n4#a ,dionysus1 ! tomb (1 at ,delphi1 #c2 human sacrifice consummat$ by a prie/ (1 #afc2 boys sacrific$ to1 #aff n4#a ,dislike ( p to h *ildr5 l !mselves1 #bhg ,diurnal t5ure ( ! k+%ip1 #aah sq4 ,div9e k+1 ! kill+ ( !1 #i sqq4 ---- k+s ( ! ,%illuk1 #ag sqq4 ---- _s inc>nate 9 ,%illuk k+s1 #ba1 #bf sq4 ,dodge1 ,colonel ,r4 ,i41 #c ,dog kill$ in/ead ( k+1 #ag ,doreh ,bay 9 ,new ,gu9ea1 #bhg ,dorians1 _! sup]/ition z to meteors1 #ei ,dragon1 drama ( ! slaught] ( !1 #gh sqq41 #hi2 my? ( !1 #aje sqq4 ,dragon-cre/ ( k+s1 #aje ,dramatic conte/s ( actors repres5t+ ,summ] & ,w9t]1 #bed sqq4 ,dreams1 revelations 91 #be ,dr5*+ leaf-clad mumm] z a ra9-*>m1 #baa ,driv]1 ,pr(essor ,s4 ,r41 #agj n4#e1 #agc n4#a ,ducks & pt>migan1 dramatic conte/ ( !1 #bei ,dyak m$ic9e-m51 _! practice ( sw++1 #bhj sq4 ,dyaks ( ,s>awak1 /ory ( _! desc5t f a fi%1 #abf2 sacrifice cattle in/ead ( human be+s1 #aff n4#a2 _! sacrifices dur+ an epidemic1 #agf n4#a2 _! cu/om ( sw++1 #bgg ,dy+1 cu/om ( cat*+ ! s\ls ( !1 #aih sqq4 ,dy+ by deputy1 #ef1 #afj ,eames1 ,w41 #bgc ,e>s ( sacrificial victims cut (f1 #ig ,ea/]1 fir/ ,sunday aft]1 #bdi2 sw++ on ! ,tuesday aft]1 #bhc2 cu/om ( sw++ on ! f\r ,sundays be=e1 #bhd ,ea/] ,eve 9 ,albania1 expulsion ( ,kore on1 #bfe ,ea/]tide1 dea? & resurrection ( ,ko/rubonko at1 #bfa ,eat+ ! bodies ( ag$ relations1 cu/om (1 #ad ,e*9adian ,isl&s1 #f ,eclipse ( ! sun & moon1 belief ( ! ,tahitians z to1 #gc n4#b2 practice ( ! ,*ilcot9 ,indians at an1 #gg ,ecliptic p]haps mimick$ 9 dances1 #gg ,effigies ( ,c>nival1 #bbb sqq42 ( ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bbg sqq42 ( ,dea?1 #bcc sqq41 #bdf sqq42 sev5-legg$1 ( ,l5t 9 ,spa9 & ,italy1 #bdd sq42 ( ,w9t] burnt at ,zuri*1 #bfj sq42 ( ,kupalo1 ,ko/roma1 & ,y>ilo 9 ,russia1 #bfb sq4 ,effigy1 human sacrifices c>ri$ out 91 #bag sqq4 ,egbas1 !1 #da ,egypt1 tempor>y k+s 9 ,upp]1 #aea sq42 mock human sacrifices 9 anci5t1 #bag ,egyptian gods1 mortality ( ! anci5t1 #d sqq42 influ5ce on ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity1 #e n4#c2 k+s call$ bulls1 #gb2 tr9ities ( gods1 #e n4#c ,eim9e ,ban1 an ,iri% abbot1 #aei n4#a ,elde/ sons sacrific$ = _! fa!rs1 #afa sqq4 ,elliot1 ,r4 ,h41 #acf ,ema91 fair at1 #ajj ,embalm+ z a means ( prolong+ ! life ( ! s\l1 #d ,en*eleans1 !1 #hd ,endymion at ,olympia1 #ij2 8 tomb at ,olympia1 #bhg ,engli% middle class1 _! cl++ to life1 #adf 1 #gj n4#c ,eponymate1 ! ,assyrian1 #aaf sq4 ,eponym\s magi/rates1 #aag n4#a ,equ9ox1 ! spr+1 cu/om ( sw++ at1 #bhd2 drama ( ,summ] & ,w9t] at ! spr+1 #beg ,ere*!um1 !1 #hg ,ere*!us or ,eri*?onius 9 relation to ! sacr$ s]p5t on ! ,acropolis1 #hf sq42 volunt>y dea? ( ! daught]s (1 #aib n4#c ,ergam5es1 k+ ( ,m]oe1 #ae ,eri*?onius1 #hf4 ,see ,ere*!us ,erigone1 h] suicide by hang+1 #bha sq4 ,erzgebirge1 ,%rovetide cu/om 9 !1 #bjh sq4 ,esagil1 temple ( ,m>duk at ,babylon1 #aac ,es>haddon1 k+ ( ,assyria1 #aaf ,esquimaux1 suicide among !1 #dc2 _! magical c]emony 9 autumn1 #bei ,e/honian belief z to fall+ />s1 #ff sq42 celebration ( ,/4 ,john's ,day1 #bhj2 cu/om on ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bcc1 #beb sq4 ,e/honians1 _! ideas ( %oot+ />s1 #fc ,e?iopia1 k+s (1 *os5 = _! beauty1 #ch sq4 ,e?iopian k+s ( ,m]oe put to dea?1 #ae ,etruscan c]emony at f\nd+ cities1 #aeg ,euphorion ( ,*alcis1 ,greek au?or1 #adc1 #add ,europa1 h] w&]+s1 #hi2 & ,zeus1 #gc ,european beliefs z to %oot+ />s1 #ff sqq42 fe> ( dea?1 #ace sq41 #adf ,evans1 ,seba/ian1 #abb n4#a ,eve1 ,ea/]1 9 ,albania1 #bfe ,eve ( ,/4 ,john 7,midsumm] ,eve71 ,russian c]emony on1 #bfb ,ewe negroes1 !1 #fa ,expiation = kill+ sacr$ animals1 #baf sq4 ,eyeo1 k+s (1 put to dea?1 #dj sq4 ,ezekiel1 on ! sacrifice ( ! fir/born1 #aga sq4 ,e-zida1 ! temple ( ,nabu1 #aaj ,fairs ( anci5t ,irel&1 #ii sqq4 ,fa%oda1 ! capital ( ! ,%illuk k+s1 #ah1 #ai1 #ba1 #bd ,fa!r god succe$$ by 8 div9e son1 #e ,fazoql or ,fazolgl\1 k+s (1 put to dea?1 #af ,fe> ( dea? ent]ta9$ by ! ,european races1 #ace sq41 #adf 8,fe$+ ! dead10 #ajb ,f]iae ,lat9ae1 #bhc ,f]onia1 a ,lat9 goddess1 #ahf n4#d ,f]tilis+ p[] ascrib$ to ! effigy ( ,dea?1 #bej sq4 ,fe/ival ( ! ,cr[n+ at ,delphi1 #gh sq42 ( ! ,laurel-be>+ at ,!bes1 #gh sq41 #hh sq4 ,fe/us1 on 8! ,sacr$ ,spr+10 #ahf ,feuillet1 ,madame ,octave1 #bbh sq4 ,fez1 mock sultan 91 #aeb ,fight+ ! k+1 "r (1 #bb ,fiji1 volunt>y dea?s 91 #aa sq42 cu/om ( grave-digg]s 91 #aef n4#b2 rule ( succession 91 #aia ,f+]-jo9ts1 cu/om ( sacrific+1 #bai2 mock sacrifice (1 ib4 ,fire1 volunt>y dea? by1 #db sqq42 & ,wat]1 k+s (1 9 ,cambodia1 #ad ,fir/born1 sacrifice ( !1 #aga sqq42 kill$ & eat51 #agi sq42 sacrific$ among v>i\s races1 #agi sqq4 ---- -fruits (f]$ to ! dead1 #ajb2 ( ! corn (f]$ at ,lammas1 #aja sq42 ( ! v9tage (f]$ to ,ic>ius & ,erigone1 #bhc ,fir/l+s1 ,hebrew sacrifice (1 #agb sq42 ,iri% sacrifice (1 #ahc ,fi%1 desc5t ( ! ,dyaks f a1 #abf ,fison1 ,rev4 ,lorim]1 #aef n4#b ,five ye>s1 despotic p[] = p]iod (1 #ec ,flight ( ! prie/ly k+ 7,regifugium7 at ,rome1 #bac ,flor5ce1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at1 #bdj sq4 ,florida1 sacrifice ( fir/born male *ildr5 by ! ,indians (1 #ahd ,fool1 ! ,c>nival1 burial (1 #bca sq4 ,foot1 cu/om ( /&+ on "o1 #adi1 #aej1 #aee1 #aef ---- -race at ,olympia1 #bhg ,fran*e-,comt1 effigies ( ,%rove ,tuesday de/roy$ 91 #bbg ,freyc9et1 ,l4 de1 #aah n4#a ,fros9one 9 ,latium1 burn+ an effigy ( ! ,c>nival at1 #bb sq4 ,fun]al ( ,ko/roma1 #bfa sqq4 ---- -games1 #ib sqq4 ---- -rites p]=m$ = a fa!r 9 ! fif? mon? ( 8 wife's pregnancy1 #ahi ,futuna 9 ! ,s\? ,pacific1 #ig ,galton1 ,sir ,francis1 #adf n4#b ,game ( ,troy1 #gf sq4 ,games1 fun]al1 #ib sqq4 ,g&h>va-,s5a1 #abd1 #abe ,ganges1 fir/born *ildr5 sacrific$ to !1 #ahj sq4 ,gazelle ,p59sula 9 ,new ,brita91 #fe ,gelo1 tyrant ( ,syracuse1 #afg ,g5esis1 acc\nt ( ! creation 91 #ajf ,gho/1 ! ,holy1 reg>d$ z female1 #e n4#c ,gho/s propitiat$ ) blood1 #ib2 propitiat$ ) games1 #if2 ang] (1 #ajc ,giles1 ,pr(essor ,h4 ,a41 #bge ,girls' race at ,olympia1 #ia ,gladiators at ,roman fun]als1 #if2 at ,roman banquets1 #adc ,goats sacrific$ in/ead ( human be+s1 #aff n4#a ,gobir1 a ,hausa k+dom1 #ce ,god1 ! kill+ & resurrection ( a god 9 ! hunt+1 pa/oral1 & agricultural /ages ( society1 #bba ,god's ,m\?1 #da ,gods1 mortality ( !1 #a sqq42 creat$ by man 9 8 own lik5ess1 #b sq42 succe$$ by _! sons1 #e2 progressive amelioration 9 ! "* ( !1 #acf ,gold5 apples ( ! ,hesp]ides1 #hj ---- fleece1 ram )1 #afb ---- swords1 #ge ,goldmann1 ,dr4 ,emil1 #aee n4#a ,goldzih]1 ,i41 #ig n4#g ,gomes1 ,e4 ,h41 #agf n4#a ,gonds1 mock human sacrifices among !1 #bag ,good ,friday1 #bhd ,gore1 ,capta91 #aci n4#a ,gospel to ! ,hebrews1 ! apocryphal1 #e n4#c ,graal1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,holy1 #abj1 #acd ,grape-clu/]1 ,"m ( !1 #h ,gray1 ,ar*deacon ,j4 ,h41 #ade ,great ,pan1 dea? ( !1 #f sq4 ---- ,_s1 !1 ( ! ,am]ican ,indians1 #c ---- ye>1 !1 #gj ,greece1 human sacrifices 9 anci5t1 #afa sqq42 sw++ z a fe/al rite 9 mod]n1 #bhc sq4 ,greek mode ( reckon+ int]vals ( "t1 #ei n4#a ,gre5l&]s1 _! belief 9 ! mortality ( ! gods1 #c ,grey hair a signal ( dea?1 #cf sq4 ---- hairs ( k+s1 #ajj1 #ajb1 #ajc ,grimm1 ,j41 #aee n4#a1 #bba1 #bdj1 #bdd ,groot1 ,pr(essor ,j4 ,j4 ,m4 de1 #ahj n4#g1 #bge ,grove1 ! ,arician1 #bac ,guatemala1 cat*+ ! s\l ( ! dy+ 91 #aii ,guayana ,indians1 #ab ,gypsies1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 among !1 #bdc ,hair1 grey1 a signal ( dea?1 #cf sq4 ,halae 9 ,attica1 mock human sacrifice at1 #bae ,hale1 ,horatio1 quot$1 #aa sq4 ,hamilton1 ,alex&]1 quot$1 #dh ,hamilton's ,acc\nt ( ! ,ea/ ,indies1 #bgh ,hammurabi1 k+ ( ,babylon1 #aaj ,h& ( dead man 9 magical c]emony1 #bfg n4#a2 ( suicide cut (f1 #bbj n4 ,hang+ ( an effigy ( ! ,c>nival1 #bcj sq4 ,h>monia & ,cadmus1 #hd2 m>riage (1 #hh1 #hi ,h>ve/ c]emonies1 #bj1 #be ,h>z ,m\nta9s1 c]emony at ,c>nival 9 !1 #bcc ,hausa k+s put to dea?1 #ce ,hawaii1 annual fe/ival 91 #aag sq4 ,hawk 9 ,egypt1 symbol ( ! sun & ( ! k+1 #aab ,heads ( dead k+s remov$ & kept1 #bjb sq4 ,hebrew sacrifice ( ! fir/born1 #aga sqq4 ,hebrews1 apocryphal ,gospel to !1 #e n4#c ,heitsi-eibib1 a ,hott5tot god1 #c ,heliogabalus1 ! emp]or1 #ib ,heliopolis1 #e2 ! sacr$ bull (1 #gb ,hell fire 9 ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant !ology1 #acf ,helle & ,phrixus1 ! *ildr5 ( ,k+ ,a?amas1 #afa sqq4 ,hephae/ion1 #ie ,h]a1 race ( girls 9 hon\r (1 at ,olympia1 #ia2 ! si/] ( h] husb& ,zeus1 #aid ,h]aclitus1 on ! s\ls ( ! dead1 #ab ,h]cules 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,hesp]ides1 #hj ,h]mapolis1 #d ,h]mes1 ! grave (1 #d ,h]uli1 !1 #ad ,hesp]ides1 g>d5 ( !1 #hj ,hi]aconpolis1 #aab ,high ,hi/ory ( ! ,holy ,graal1 #abj1 #acd ,hippodamia at ,olympia1 #ia2 grave ( ! suitors (1 #ajd ,hippolytus or ,virbius kill$ by horses1 #bad ,h9doo belief z to %oot+ />s1 #fg2 ( ! rebir? ( a fa!r 9 8 son1 #ahh ,h9nom1 ! ,valley (1 #afi1 #agj ,hirp9i1 guid$ by a wolf 7hirpus71 #ahf n4#d ,hodson1 ,t4 ,c41 #aag n4#a ,hoeck1 ,k41 #gc n4#a ,h(mayr1 ,p4 ,w41 #ah n4#a1 #ai n4#b ,holm-oak1 #ha sq4 ,holy ,gho/1 reg>d$ z female1 #e n4#c ---- ,saturday1 #bdd ,hom]ic age1 fun]al games 9 !1 #ic ,homicide1 bani%m5t (1 #fi sq4 ,homoeopa?ic or imitative magic1 #bhc1 #bhe ,hooks1 ,indian cu/om ( sw++ on1 #bgh sq4 ,horse-mack]el1 desc5t ( a totemic clan f a1 #abi ---- -races 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 #ig1 #ih1 #ii1 #aja2 at fairs1 #ii sqq4 ,horses1 ,hippolytus kill$ by1 #bad ,horus1 ! s\l (1 9 ,orion1 #e ,hott5tots1 ! mortal god ( !1 #c ,h[itt1 ,a4 ,w41 #fd ,human fle%1 trans=mation into animal %ape ?r\gh eat+1 #hc sq4 ,human sacrifices at ,upsala1 #eh2 9 anci5t ,greece1 #afa sqq42 mock1 #bad sqq42 (f]$ by ance/ors ( ! ,european races1 #bad2 to r5ew ! sun's fire1 #gd sq4 ,huntsman1 ! ,spectral1 #agh ,huron ,indians1 _! burial ( infants1 #aii ,ibadan 9 ,we/ ,africa1 #bjc ,ibn ,batuta1 #ec ,ic>us or ,ic>ius & 8 daught] ,erigone1 #bha sq41 #bhc ,ida1 oracul> cave ( ,zeus on ,m\nt1 #gj ,ih]+1 ,r4 von1 #ahg n4#d ,ijebu tribe1 #aab ,ilex or holm-oak1 #ha sq4 ,immortality1 belief ( savages 9 _! natural1 #a2 firm belief ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians 91 #acg ,impregnation by ! s\ls ( ! dy+1 #aii ,inc>nation ( div9e _s 9 ,%illuk k+s1 #ba1 #bf sq4 ,india1 sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 91 #ahj sq42 images ( ,siva & ,prvati m>ri$ 91 #bfe sq4 ,indians ( ,arizona1 mock human sacrifice among !1 #bae2 ( ,canada1 _! c]emony = mitigat+ ! cold ( w9t]1 #bei sq4 ,indiff]5ce to dea? display$ by _m races1 #acf sqq4 ,indra & ! dragon ,vrtra1 #ajf sq4 ,infanticide among ! ,au/ralian aborig9es1 #ahg n4#f2 sometimes sugge/$ by a doctr9e ( transmigration or re9c>nation ( human s\ls1 #ahh sq42 preval5t 9 ,polynesia1 #aia1 #aif2 among savages1 #aif sq4 ,infants1 burial (1 #aii ,ino & ,melic]tes1 #afb ,int]vals ( "t1 ,greek & ,lat9 modes ( reckon+1 #ei n4#a ,invocavit ,sunday1 #bdc ,irel&1 ! great fairs ( anci5t1 #ii sqq4 ,iri% sacrifice ( fir/l+s1 #ahc ,iron-,be>d1 ,dr41 a ,:itsuntide mumm]1 #bjh1 #bab1 #bcc ,isaac ab\t to be sacrific$ by 8 fa!r ,abraham1 #agg ,isaacs1 ,na?aniel1 #cf sq4 ,isis1 ! s\l (1 9 ,sirius1 #e ,isle ( ,man1 ,may ,day 9 !1 #beh ,isocrates1 #ie ,israelites1 _! cu/om ( burn+ _! *ildr5 9 hon\r ( ,baal1 #afh sqq4 ,i/hmian games in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ,melic]tes1 #ic1 #ajc ,italy1 sev5-legg$ effigies ( ,l5t 91 #bdd sq4 ,jack o' ,l5t1 #bcj ,jagas1 a tribe ( ,angola1 _! cu/om ( infanticide1 #aif sq4 ,ja9tias ( ,assam1 #ee ,jambi 9 ,sumatra1 tempor>y k+s 91 #aed ,japan1 mock human sacrifices 91 #bah ,j>s1 burial 91 #ab sq4 ,java1 ,sultans (1 #ec ,jawbone ( k+ pres]v$1 #bjj sq4 ,je\d1 ! only-begott5 son ( ,cronus1 sacrific$ by 8 fa!r1 #aff ,j]ome1 on ,tophet1 #agj 8,j]usalem1 ! ,road (10 #gf ,j]usalem1 sacrifice ( *ildr5 at1 #afi ,j9n1 dea? ( ! ,k+ ( !1 #h ,jordanus1 ,fri>1 #ed ,joyce1 ,p4 ,w41 #ajj n4#a1 #aja ,judah1 k+s (1 _! cu/om ( burn+ _! *ildr51 #afi ,jukos1 k+s ( !1 put to dea?1 #cd ,jump+ ov] a bonfire1 #bfb ,june1 ! tw5ty-n9? (1 ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day1 #bfb ,jok1 ! great god ( ! ,%illuk1 #ah ,jupit]1 p]iod ( revolution ( ! planet1 #di ,ju/91 #ahg n4#e ,kaiti%1 !1 #fj ,kalamantans1 _! desc5t f a de]1 #abf sq4 ,kali1 ,indian goddess1 #abc ,kamants1 a ,jewi% tribe1 #ab ,kanagra di/rict ( ,india1 #bfe ,k>pa?os1 cu/om ( sw++ 9 ! isl& (1 #bhd ,kats9a1 a ,hausa k+dom1 #ce ,kayans ( ,borneo1 mock human sacrifices among !1 #bah ,keonjhur1 c]emony at in/allation ( ,rajah (1 #ef ,k]re1 a tribe accu/om$ to /rangle _! fir/born *ildr51 #aha sq4 ,khly/i1 !1 a ,russian sect1 #aif n4#c ,khonds ( ,india1 _! human sacrifices1 #aci ,kibanga1 k+s (1 put to dea?1 #cd ,kill] ( ! ,elephant1 #ce ,kill+ ! div9e k+1 #i sqq4 ---- ( ! tree-_s1 #bje sqq42 a means to promote ! gr[? ( vegetation1 #baa sq4 ---- a god1 9 ! hunt+1 pa/oral1 & agricultural /ages ( society1 #bba ,k+1 ! kill+ ( ! div9e1 #h sqq42 slay+ ( !1 9 leg5d1 #abj sqq42 responsible = ! wea!r & crops1 #afe2 abdicates on ! bir? ( a son1 #aij2 at ,:itsuntide1 pret5ce ( behead+ !1 #bji sq4 ,k+ ( ! ,j9n1 dea? ( !1 #h ---- ( ! ,wood at ,nemi1 #bh1 #bje sq41 #bab sqq4 ---- & ,que5 ( ,may1 m>riage (1 #bff ,k+ ,hop1 #adi1 #aea ,k+'s daught] (f]$ z prize 9 a race1 #ajd ---- jawbone pres]v$1 #bjj sq4 ---- life sympa!tically b\nd up ) ! prosp]ity ( ! c\ntry1 #ba1 #bg ---- skull us$ z a dr9k+-vessel1 #bjj ---- son1 sacrifice ( !1 #afj sqq4 ---- wid[1 succession to ! ?rone ?r\gh m>riage )1 #aic ,k+dom1 ! prize ( a race1 #ajc sqq4 ,see also ,succession ,k+s1 div9e1 ( ! ,%illuk1 #ag sqq42 reg>d$ z inc>nations ( a div9e _s1 #ba1 #bf sq42 attacks on1 p]mitt$1 #bb1 #dh sqq42 wor%ip ( dead1 #bd sq42 kill$ at ! end ( a fix$ t]m1 #df sqq42 relat$ to sacr$ animals1 #hb1 #hd sqq42 p]sonat+ dragons or s]p5ts1 #hb2 address$ by names ( animals1 #hf2 ) a dragon or s]p5t cre/1 #aje2 ! supply (1 #acd sqq42 tempor>y1 #adh sqq42 abdicate annually1 #adh ---- kill$ :5 _! /r5g? fails1 #ad sqq4 ---- ( ,dahomey & ,b59 repres5t$ p>tly 9 animal %apes1 #he sq4 ---- ( ,fire & ,wat]1 #ad ---- ( ,ug&a1 dead1 consult$ z oracles1 #bjj sq4 ,k+%ip1 oct5nial t5ure ( !1 #eh sqq42 tri5nial t5ure ( !1 #aab sq42 annual t5ure ( !1 #aac sqq42 diurnal t5ure ( !1 #aah sq42 burd5s & re/rictions atta*+ to ! e>ly1 #ace2 mod]n type (1 diff]5t f ! anci5t1 #ace ,k+sley1 ,m>y ,h41 #aai n4#a ,k+smill ,isl&]s1 #fd ,kirghiz1 games 9 hon\r ( ! dead among !1 #ig ,kirwaido1 rul] ( ! old ,prussians1 #da ,kniggrtz di/rict ( ,bohemia1 ,:itsuntide cu/om 9 !1 #bji sq4 ,kore expell$ on ,ea/] ,eve 9 ,albania1 #bfe ,koryaks1 volunt>y dea?s among !1 #ac ,ko/roma1 fun]al (1 #bfa sqq4 ,ko/rubonko1 fun]al (1 #bfa ,krapf1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,l41 #ahc n4#a ,kri%na1 ,h9doo fe/ival ( sw++ 9 hon\r (1 #bgi ,kupalo1 fun]al (1 #bfa1 #bfb ,kurnai1 _! fe> ( ! ,aurora ,au/ralis1 #bfg n4#a ,kutonaqa ,indians ( ,briti% ,columbia1 _! sacrifice ( _! fir/born *ildr5 to ! sun1 #ahc sq4 ,la ,ro*elle1 burn+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday at1 #bcj ,labyr9?1 ! ,cretan1 #ga1 #gd1 #ge1 #gf1 #gg ,labyr9?s 9 *ur*es1 #gf2 9 ! nor? ( ,europe1 #gf sq4 ,lada1 ! fun]al (1 #bfa1 #bfb ,laev9us1 ,m4 ,val]ius1 #if ,laius & ,o$ipus1 #aic 8,lame reign10 #ch ,lammas1 ! fir/ ( ,augu/1 #ii1 #ajj1 #aja1 #aje ,lampson1 ,m4 ,w41 #adf n4#a1 #bgc ,lancelot con/ra9$ to be k+1 #abj sq41 #ace ,lang1 ,&rew1 #acj n4#a ,laodicea 9 ,syria1 human sacrifices at1 #aff n4#a ,laos1 a prov9ce ( ,siam1 #ig ,laphy/ian ,zeus1 #afa1 #afb1 #afc1 #afd1 #afe ,la/ %eaf call$ 8! ,dead ,"o10 #bed ,lat9 fe/ival1 ! great 7,f]iae ,lat9ae71 #bhc ---- mode ( reckon+ int]vals ( "t1 #ei n4#a ,lat9s1 sanctity ( ! woodpeck] among !1 #ahf n4#d ,lat9us1 ,k+1 8 disappe>ance1 #bhc ,laughlan ,isl&]s1 #fc ,laurel1 sacr$1 gu>d$ by a dragon1 #gi sq42 *ew$ by prie/ess ( ,apollo1 #hj ,laurel-,be>] at ,!bes1 #hh sq4 ---- -,be>+ ,apollo1 #gi n4#c ---- -be>+1 fe/ival ( !1 at ,!bes1 #gh sq41 #hh sq4 ---- wrea? at ,delphi & ,!bes1 #gh sqq4 ,laws ( ,manu1 #ahh ,le>*us1 son ( ,k+ ,a?amas1 #afa1 #afb ,le*ra91 ,burial ( ! ,c>nival 91 #bca ,leipsic1 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 at1 #bcf ,l5gua ,indians1 #aa2 ( ! ,gran ,*aco1 #fc2 _! practice ( kill+ fir/born girls1 #ahf2 _! cu/om ( infanticide1 #aig ,l5t1 ! f\r? ,sunday 91 call$ ,dead ,sunday or ,mid-,l5t1 #bba1 #bbb n4#a1 #bcc sqq41 #bej1 #bee2 p]sonifi$ by an actor or effigy1 #bbf1 #bcj2 fif? ,sunday 91 #bcd1 #bci2 ?ird ,sunday 91 #bch2 ,que5 (1 #bdd2 symbolis$ by a sev5-legg$ effigy1 #bdd sq4 ,leonidas1 fun]al games 9 8 hon\r1 #id ,leop>d ,societies ( ,we/]n ,africa1 #hc ,leop>ds relat$ to royal family ( ,dahomey1 #he ,lepidus1 ,m>cus ,aemilius1 #if ,lepsius1 ,r41 #ag n4#b ,l]ida 9 ,catalonia1 fun]al ( ! ,c>nival at1 #bbe sq4 ,l]piu1 a _s1 #cb ,letts1 celebration ( ! summ] sol/ice among !1 #bhj ,levia?an1 #ajf n4#b ,liebre*t1 ,f41 #g n4#b ,life1 human1 valu$ m highly by ,europeans ?an by _m o!r races1 #ace sq4 ,limu1 ! ,assyrian eponymate1 #aag ,lion1 k+ repres5t$ ) ! body ( a1 #he ,lisiansky1 ,u41 #aag sq4 8,little ,ea/] ,sunday10 #aec1 #aed n4#a ,logan1 ,w41 #di ,lolos1 !1 #fe ,lomb>dy1 ! ,day ( ! ,old ,wives 91 #bda 8,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s10 #adi1 #aej1 #aee1 #aef ,lo/)iel 9 ,cornwall1 tempor>y k+ at1 #aec sq4 ,l\s1 a ,babylonian mon?1 #aac1 #aaf ,lucian1 #db ,lug1 leg5d>y ,iri% h]o1 #ii1 #aja ,lugnasad1 ! fir/ ( ,augu/1 #aja ,lun> & sol> "t1 attempts to h>monise1 #fh sq4 ,lus*an1 ,f4 von1 #he n4#e1 #hf n4#a ,lussac1 ,a% ,w$nesday at1 #bbf ,lycaeus1 ,m\nt1 ,zeus on1 #gj2 human sacrifices on1 #afc ,macahity1 an annual fe/ival 9 ,hawaii1 #aag ,macass>s ( ,celebes1 _! cu/om ( sw++1 #bgg ,macdonald1 ,rev4 ,j41 #ahc n4#b ,macebo>d1 !1 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 #beh ,macgregor1 ,sir ,william1 #bjc n4#b ,ma*a1 ,que51 #ajj ,mc,lennan1 ,j4 ,f41 #aid n4#a ,magic1 ! ,age (1 #b2 homoeopa?ic or imitative1 #bhc1 #bhe ,magical c]emonies = ! revival ( nature 9 spr+1 #bff sqq42 = ! revival ( nature 9 ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 #bgj ,maha ,makham1 ! ,great ,sacrifice1 #di ,mairs1 _! cu/om ( sacrific+ _! fir/born sons1 #aha ,malab>1 cu/om ( ,?alavettip>o?iam 91 #ec2 religi\s suicide 91 #ed sq4 ,malayans1 devil-danc]s1 practise a mock human sacrifice1 #baf ,malays1 _! belief 9 ! ,spectral ,huntsman1 #agh ,malta1 dea? ( ! ,c>nival 91 #bbd sq4 ,manasseh1 ,k+1 8 sacrifice ( 8 *ildr51 #agj ,m&ans1 _! notions z to ! />s1 #fg sq4 ,man-god1 reason = kill+ !1 #i sq4 ,mangaians1 _! pref]5ce = a viol5t dea?1 #aj ,manipur1 ! ,naga tribes (1 #aa2 mode ( c\nt+ ! ye>s 91 #aag n4#a2 rajahs (1 desc5d$ f a snake1 #acc ,mannh>dt1 ,w41 #bdi n4#d1 #bec1 #bgj ,manu1 ,laws (1 #ahh ,maoris1 !1 #fd ,m>a tribe ( nor!rn ,au/ralia1 #fj ,m>di ,gras1 ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bbg ,m>duk1 ,new ,ye> fe/ival (1 #aaj2 8 image at ,babylon1 #aac ---- & ,tiamat1 #aje sq41 #ajg sq4 ,m>eielis at ,zuri*1 #bfj ,m>5a1 ,w9t] or ,dea?1 #bfb ,m>keta1 ! holy1 #bch ,m>riage1 my?ical & dramatic1 ( ! ,sun & ,moon1 #ga1 #gc sq41 #gh1 #hg sq41 #ib1 #aje2 ( bro!rs & si/]s 9 royal families1 #aic sq4 ---- ,sacr$1 ( k+ & que51 #ga2 ( gods & goddesses1 #gc2 ( actors disguis$ z animals1 #hc2 ( ,zeus & ,h]a1 #ia 8,m>riage ,holl[0 at ,telt[n1 #ii ,m>t91 ,fa!r1 quot$1 #ada sq4 ,m>zana1 goddess ( ,dea?1 #bcg ,masai1 !1 #fa1 #fe2 _! cu/om z to ! skulls ( dead *iefs1 #bjb sq4 ,masks hung on trees1 #bhc ,masqu]ades ( k+s & que5s1 #ga sq41 #hh1 #hi ,masson1 ,bi%op1 #acg ,mata1 ! small-pox goddess1 sacrifice ( *ildr5 to1 #aha ,matiamvo1 a pot5tate 9 ,angola1 ! mann] ( 8 dea?1 #ce sq4 ,mausoleum at ,halic>nassus1 #id sq4 ,mausolus1 conte/s ( eloqu5ce 9 8 hon\r1 #ie ,may1 ! ,que5 (1 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 #beh2 ,k+ & ,que5 (1 #bff ---- ,bride1 #bff ---- ,day 9 ,sw$51 #bed2 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 #beh ---- -tree1 #bdf2 horse-race to1 #bjh ---- -trees1 #bea sq4 ,mbaya ,indians ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 #adj2 _! cu/om ( infanticide1 #aig ,m$ic9e-m5 sw++ z a mode ( cure1 #bhj sq4 ,melic]tes at ! ,i/hmus ( ,cor9?1 #ic1 #ajc2 9 ,t5$os1 human sacrifices to1 #afb ,memphis1 /atues ( ,summ] & ,w9t] at1 #bei n4#a ,m5 & asses1 r$emption ( fir/l+1 #agc ,m5des1 mummy ( ,osiris at1 #d2 ! ram-god (1 #g n4#b ,m5oeceus1 8 volunt>y dea?1 #aib n4#c ,m]iahs1 human victims among ! ,khonds1 #aci ,m]oe1 ,e?iopian k+s (1 put to dea?1 #ae ,m]olla1 ,g41 quot$1 #ad sq4 ,messiah1 a pret5d$1 #df ,meteors1 sup]/itions z to1 #eh sqq4 ,metis1 swall[$ by h] husb& ,zeus1 #aib ,metsik1 8wood-_s10 #bcc1 #beb sq4 ,mey]1 ,pr(essor ,kuno1 #aei n4#a ,micah1 ! prophet1 on sacrifice1 #aga1 #agd ,mid-,l5t1 ! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t1 #bbb n4#a2 also call$ ,dead ,sunday1 #bba2 celebration (1 #bcd1 #bcf sq42 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at1 #bdj sqq4 ,midsumm] ,eve1 ,russian c]emony on1 #bfb ,mikados1 human sacrifices =m]ly (f]$ at ! graves ( !1 #bah ,miltiades1 fun]al games 9 8 hon\r1 #ic ,m9ahassa1 mock human sacrifices 91 #bad sq4 ,m9orca1 sev5-legg$ images ( ,l5t 91 #bdd n4#a ,m9os1 k+ ( ,cnossus1 8 reign ( eight ye>s1 #gj sqq42 tribute ( y\?s & maid5s s5t to1 #gd sqq4 ---- & ,britom>tis1 #gc ,m9otaur1 leg5d ( !1 #ga1 #gd1 #ge ,m9yas1 k+ ( ,or*om5us1 #afd ,mnevis1 ! sacr$ bull ( ,heliopolis1 #gb ,moab1 k+ (1 sacrifices 8 son on ! wall1 #aff1 #agi ,mock human sacrifices1 #bad sqq42 sacrifices ( f+]-jo9ts1 #bai ---- sultan 9 ,morocco1 #aeb sq4 ,mohamm$an belief z to fall+ />s1 #fc sq4 ,molo*1 sacrifice ( *ildr5 to1 #ge1 #afh sqq4 ,moon repres5t$ by a c[1 #ga sq42 my? ( ! sett+ & ris+1 #gc2 m>ri$ to ,endymion1 #ij ---- & sun1 my?ical & dramatic m>riage ( !1 #ga1 #gc sq41 #gh1 #hg sq41 #ib1 #aje ,morasas1 !1 #bai ,moravia1 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 91 #bch sq41 #bdi ,morocco1 annual tempor>y k+ 91 #aeb sq4 ,mortality ( ! gods1 #a sqq4 ,mos*us1 #gc n4#a ,moss1 ,w41 #bhd n4#d ,"m ( ! ,grape-clu/]1 #h ,m\lton1 ,pr(essor ,j4 ,h41 #abd n4#a ,m\nds1 sepul*ral1 #ic1 #if1 #ajj1 #ajd ,mulai ,ra%e$ ,,ii41 #aec ,mll]1 ,k4 ,o41 #ei1 #fi n4#a1 #ij1 #afe n4#a1 #aff n4#a ,mumbo ,jumbos1 #agh ,mumm]s1 ! ,:itsuntide1 #bje sqq4 ,murd]]s1 _! bodies de/roy$1 #aa ,mut*1 ,capta9 ,j4 ,s41 #bei n4#a ,mysore1 mimic rite ( circumcision 91 #bbj ,my?s ( creation1 #ajf sqq4 ,nabu1 a ,babylonian god1 #aaj ,naga tribes ( ,manipur1 #aa ,nagpur1 ! cobra ! cre/ ( ! ,mah>ajah (1 #acb sq4 ,namaquas1 !1 #fa ,natural dea? reg>d$ z a calamity1 #aa sq4 ,nauroz & ,e$ fe/ivals1 #bgi ,nemean games celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ,opheltes1 #ic ,nemi1 prie/ (1 #bh1 #bab sq41 #bbj2 ,k+ ( ! ,wood at1 #bje sq41 #bab sqq4 ,nephele1 wife ( ,k+ ,a?amas1 #afa ,new ,brita91 #fe ---- ,gu9ea1 ! ,papuans (1 #bhg ---- ,hebrides1 burial alive 9 !1 #ab ---- ,s\? ,wales1 sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 among ! aborig9es (1 #agi sq4 ,ng>igo1 !1 ( ,new ,s\? ,wales1 #fj ,ngoio1 a prov9ce ( ,congo1 #aah sq4 ,nias1 cu/om ( succession to ! *iefta9%ip 91 #aih sq42 mock human sacrifices at fun]als 91 #baf ,nicob>ese1 _! %am-fights to gratify ! dead1 #if ,ni$]pr+ 9 ,bav>ia1 ,:itsuntide cu/om at1 #bjf sq4 ,niu or ,savage ,isl&1 #bai ,nldeke1 ,pr(essor ,?41 #agi n4#d ,norm&y1 ,burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday 91 #bbh ,norsem51 _! cu/om ( w\nd+ ! dy+1 #ac sq4 ,nor? ,africa1 fe/ivals ( sw++ 91 #bhd ---- ,am]ican ,indians1 _! fun]al celebrations1 #ig2 _! firm belief 9 immortality1 #acg ,nyakang1 f\nd] ( ! dyna/y ( ,%illuk k+s1 #ah sqq4 ,nyikpla or ,nyigbla1 a negro div9ity1 #fa ,oak1 sacr$1 at ,delphi1 #hj sq42 effigy ( ,dea? buri$ "u an1 #bcf ,oak bran*es1 ,:itsuntide mumm] swa!d 91 #bjg ---- -leaves1 cr[n (1 #hj sqq4 ,oa? by ! ,/yx1 #gj n4#a ,oct5nial cycle bas$ on an attempt to h>monise lun> & sol> "t1 #fh sq4 ---- t5ure ( ! k+%ip1 #eh sqq4 ,od91 #ac2 leg5d ( ! deposition (1 #ef2 sacrifice ( k+'s sons to1 #eg2 human sacrifices to1 #afj sq41 #ahh ,o$ipus1 leg5d (1 #aic ,o5omaus at ,olympia1 #ia ,oesel1 isl& (1 #ff ,old ,man1 "n ( ! corn-_s1 #bec sq4 ---- p kill$1 #aa sqq4 ---- ,wives1 ! ,day ( !1 #bda ---- ,woman1 ,saw+ !1 a c]emony 9 ,l5t1 #bdj sqq42 "n appli$ to ! corn-_s1 #bec sq4 ,old5b]g1 ,pr(essor ,h41 #abb n4#b ,oleae1 !1 at ,or*om5us1 #afc1 #afd ,olive cr[n at ,olympia1 #ia ,olympia1 tombs ( ,pelops & ,endymion at1 #bhg ,olympiads bas$ on ! oct5nial cycle1 #ij ,olympic fe/ival bas$ on ! oct5nial cycle1 #hi sq42 bas$ on a/ronomical1 n agricultural consid]ations1 #aje ---- games said to h be5 f\nd$ 9 hon\r ( ,pelops1 #ib ---- /adium1 !1 #bhg ---- victors reg>d$ z embodim5ts ( ,zeus1 #ij sq41 or ( ! ,sun & ,moon1 #ia1 #aje ,om5-birds1 /ories ( _! orig91 #abf1 #abg sq4 ,on or ,aun1 k+ ( ,sw$51 #eg1 #afj sq41 #ahh ,opheltes at ,nemea1 #ic ,ophites1 !1 #e n4#c ,oracul> spr+s1 #gi sq4 ,or*om5us 9 ,boeotia1 human sacrifice at1 #afc sq4 ,ordeal by poison1 fatal effects (1 #aig ,ore/es1 flight (1 #bac ,orig51 on ! ,holy ,_s1 #e n4#c ,orion ! s\l ( ,horus1 #e ,ororo1 #bd ,osiris1 ! mummy (1 #d ,o?o1 suicide ( ! ,emp]or1 #adj ,ox-blood1 ba? (1 #bja ,ox5 sacrific$ in/ead ( human be+s1 #aff n4#a ,pal]mo1 c]emony ( 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 at1 #bdj ,palm ,sunday1 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman0 on1 #bdc ,palodes1 #f ,pan1 dea? ( ! ,great1 #f sq4 ,panebian ,libyans1 _! cu/om ( cutt+ (f ! heads ( _! dead k+s1 #bjb ,papuans1 !1 ( ,doreh ,bay 9 ,new ,gu9ea1 #bhg ,p>k]1 ,pr(essor ,e4 ,h41 #adf n4#a ,p>k9son1 ,john1 #aab sq4 ,p>rots' eggs1 a signal ( dea?1 #dj sq4 ,p>sons1 ,h>old ,g41 #bjc n4#e ,p>!non1 ea/]n frieze ( !1 #hi n4#e ,prvat & ,siva1 m>riage ( ! images (1 #bfe sq4 ,pasiphae id5tifi$ ) ! moon1 #gb ---- & ! bull1 #ga 8,pass ?r\gh ! fire10 mean+ ( ! phrase z appli$ to ! sacrifice ( *ildr51 #afe n4#c1 #agb ,passi]1 k+s (1 put to dea?1 #ea sq4 ,passov]1 tradition ( ! orig9 ( !1 #agd sqq4 ,pau ,pi1 an effigy ( ! ,c>nival1 #bbe ,pausanias1 ,k+1 fun]al games 9 8 hon\r1 #id ,payagua ,indians1 #ab ,payne1 ,e4 ,j41 #fi n4#b ,paxos1 #f ,pek+ ,gazette1 #bgd1 #bge ,pelops wor%ipp$ at ,olympia1 #ib1 #ajd2 sacr$ prec9ct (1 #ajd1 #bhg ---- & ,hippodamia at ,olympia1 #ia ,p5ance = ! slaught] ( ! dragon1 #gh ,p]egr9us1 8 dea? by fire1 #db ,p]sia1 tempor>y k+s 91 #aeg sqq4 ,p]sonification ( ab/ract ideas n primitive1 #bec ,p]u1 sacrifice ( *ildr5 among ! ,indians (1 #ahe ,p]un1 sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 to1 #ahc ,p]uvian ,indians1 #fc n4#a ,pf+/l1 a ,:itsuntide mumm]1 #bjf sq41 #baa ,phal>is1 ! braz5 bull (1 #ge ,phaya ,pholla!p1 8,"l ( ! ,heav5ly ,ho/s10 #adi ,ph]ecydes1 #afc n4#a ,philipp9e ,isl&s1 #c ,philo ,judaeus1 8 doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity1 #f n4 ---- ( ,byblus1 #aff1 #agi ,phocaeans1 dead1 propitiat$ ) games1 #ie ,pho5icians1 _! cu/om ( human sacrifice1 #aff sq41 #agh1 #agi ,phrixus & ,helle1 ! *ildr5 ( ,k+ ,a?amas1 #afa sqq4 ,pic5i1 guid$ by a woodpeck] 7picus71 #ahf n4#d ,pils5 di/rict ( ,bohemia1 ,:itsuntide cu/om 9 !1 #baj sq4 ,p9d> on ! rebir? ( ! dead1 #gj ,pitr1 ,g41 #bbd n4#a ,plataea1 sacrifices & fun]al games 9 hon\r ( ! sla9 at1 #ie sq4 ,plato on human sacrifices1 #afc ,pl\gh+1 annual c]emony (1 p]=m$ by tempor>y k+1 #adi1 #aee sq41 #aeg ,pl\ghs1 bronze1 us$ by ,etruscans at f\nd+ ( cities1 #aeg ,plut>*1 #afc2 on ! dea? ( ! ,great ,pan1 #f2 on human sacrifices among ! ,c>?ag9ians1 #afg ,poison ordeal1 fatal effects ( ! use ( !1 #aig ,polynesia1 rem>kable rule ( succession 91 #aij2 preval5ce ( infanticide 91 #aia1 #aif ,popl>s burnt on ,%rove ,tuesday1 #bbd n4#a ,poseidon1 id5tifi$ ) ,ere*!us1 #hg ,posidonius1 anci5t ,greek travell]1 #adb ,possession by spirits ( dead k+s1 #be sq4 ,pref]5ce = a viol5t dea?1 #i sqq4 ,pregnancy1 fun]al rites p]=m$ = a fa!r 9 ! fif? mon? ( 8 wife's1 #ahi ,pr9ce ( ,wales ,isl&s1 #fd ,procopius1 #ad ,prussians1 supreme rul] ( ! old1 #da sq42 cu/om ( ! old1 #aef ,pruyss5a]e1 ,e4 de1 #cj n4#a ,psoloeis1 !1 at ,or*om5us1 #afc1 #afd ,pt>migans & ducks1 dramatic conte/ ( !1 #bei ,puruha1 a prov9ce ( ,quito1 #ahe ,pururavas & ,urvasi1 ,indian /ory (1 #aca ,pylos1 burn+ ! ,c>nival at1 #bcb sq4 ,py?agoras at ,delphi1 #d ,py?ian games1 #hj sq42 celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ! ,py?on1 #ic ,que5 ( ,may 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 #bei2 m>ri$ to ! ,k+ ( ,may1 #bff ---- ( ,w9t] 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 #beh ,que5sl&1 natives (1 _! sup]/itions z to fall+ />s1 #fj ,quilic>e1 suicide ( k+s (1 #df sq4 ,quiteve1 title ( k+s ( ,s(ala1 #cg sq4 ,race = ! k+dom at ,olympia1 #ij ,races to det]m9e ! successor to ! k+%ip1 #ajc sqq4 ,radica1 a fe/ival at ! end ( ! ,c>nival at ,fros9one1 #bbb ,rahab or ,levia?an1 #ajf n4#b ,ra9-*>ms1 #baa ---- clan1 #ca ---- -god1 #fa ---- -mak]s among ! ,d9ka1 #cb sqq4 ---- -mak+ c]emonies1 #bj ,rajah1 tempor>y1 #aed ,ral1 ! fair (1 #bfe ,ram ) gold5 fleece1 #afb ---- -god ( ,m5des1 #g n4#c ---- sacrific$ to ,pelops1 #ib1 #ajd ,r>atonga1 cu/om ( succession 91 #aia ,rau*fiess1 a ,:itsuntide mumm]1 #bjg n4#a ,rebir? ( ! dead1 #gj2 ( a fa!r 9 8 son1 #ahh sqq42 ( ! p>5t 9 ! *ild1 #bhg ,reckon+ int]vals ( "t1 ,greek & ,lat9 modes ( reckon+1 #ei n4#a ,r$emption ( fir/l+ m5 & asses1 #agc ,regalia 9 ,celebes1 sanctity (1 #bjb ,regicide among ! ,slavs1 #eb2 modifi$ cu/om (1 #adh ,regifugium at ,rome1 #bac ,re9a*1 ,salomon1 #g n4#b ,re9c>nation ( human s\ls1 belief 91 a motive = infanticide1 #ahh sq4 ,religion1 ! ,age (1 #b ,r5ewal1 annual1 ( k+'s p[] at ,babylon1 #aac ,resurrection ( ! god1 #bab2 ( ! tree-_s1 #bab2 ( a god 9 ! hunt+1 pa/oral1 & agricultural /ages ( society1 #bba2 enact$ 9 ,%rovetide or ,l5t5 c]emonies1 #bcc2 ( ! effigy ( ,dea?1 #bdg sqq42 ( ! ,c>nival1 #beb2 ( ! ,wild ,man1 #beb2 ( ,ko/rubonko at ,ea/]tide1 #bfa ,retaliation 9 ,s\!rn ,india1 law (1 #ada sq4 ,rhea & ,cronus1 #aid ,rhegium 9 ,italy1 #ahg n4#e ,rhodes1 human sacrifices to ,baal 91 #aie ,rhys1 ,sir ,john1 #aja ,rigv$a1 !1 #bgi 8,road ( ,j]usalem10 #gf ,rob9son1 ,capta9 ,w4 ,c41 #aci n4#a ,rockhill1 ,w4 ,w41 #bhd sq4 ,roman cu/om ( cat*+ ! s\ls ( ! dy+1 #bjj2 ( v[+ a 8,sacr$ ,spr+10 #ahf sq4 ---- fun]al cu/oms1 #ib1 #if ---- game ( ,troy1 #gf sq4 ---- indiff]5ce to dea?1 #adc sq4 ,rome1 fun]al games at1 #if2 ! ,regifugium at1 #bac ,rook1 cu/om ( kill+ all fir/born *ildr5 9 ! isl& (1 #ahj ,ros*]1 ,w4 ,h41 #g n4#b1 #gc n4#b ,roscoe1 ,rev4 ,j41 #aci1 #ahb n4#b1 #bja n4#a ,rose1 ,h4 ,a41 #aha ,rose1 ! ,sunday ( !1 #bbb n4#a ,rottweil1 ! ,c>nival ,fool at1 #bca ,russia1 fun]al c]emonies ( ,ko/rubonko1 etc41 91 #bfa sqq4 ,russians1 religi\s suicides among !1 #dd sq42 ! hea!n1 _! sacrifice ( ! fir/born *ildr51 #ahc ,sacaea1 a ,babylonian fe/ival1 #aac sqq4 ,sacr$ ,m>riage ( k+ & que51 #ga2 ( actors disguis$ z animals1 #ga1 #hc2 ( gods & goddesses1 #gc2 ( ,zeus & ,h]a1 #ia ---- spe>s1 #ai1 #bj 8,sacr$ spr+1 !10 among ! anci5t ,italian peoples1 #ahf sq4 ,sacrifice ( ! k+'s son1 #afj sqq42 ( ! fir/born1 #aga sqq41 #agi sqq42 ( f+]-jo9ts1 #bai ,sacrifices = ra91 #bj2 = ! sick1 #bj1 #be2 to totems1 #ca2 to ! dead1 #ib1 #ic1 #id1 #ie1 #ig2 ( *ildr5 among ! ,semites1 #aff sqq4 ---- human1 9 anci5t ,greece1 #afa sqq42 mock human1 #bad sqq4 ---- vic>i\s1 #aag2 9 anci5t ,greece1 #aff n4#a ,/4 ,george & ! ,dragon1 #ajg2 sw++ on ! fe/ival (1 #bhc ,/4 ,john's ,day 7! summ] sol/ice71 sw++ at1 #bhj ---- ,eve1 ,russian c]emony on1 #bfb ,sa9t-,l1 ! burn+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday at1 #bbh sq4 ,/4 ,pet]'s ,day1 ! tw5ty-n9? ( ,june1 #bfb ,sa9tonge & ,aunis1 burn+ ! ,c>nival 91 #bcj ,sakalavas1 sanctity ( relics ( dead k+s among !1 #bjb ,salamis 9 ,cyprus1 human sacrifices at1 #aff n4#a ,salih1 a prophet1 #ig ,sali% ,indians1 _! sacrifice ( _! fir/born *ildr5 to ! sun1 #ahd ,salmoneus1 8 imitation ( ?und] & lightn+1 #afe ,sam>ac&1 ,new ,ye> c]emony at1 #aea ,samnites1 guid$ by a bull1 #ahf n4#d ,samoa1 expiation = disrespect to a sacr$ animal 91 #baf sq4 ,samor91 title ( ! k+s ( ,calicut1 #dg sq4 ,samo?racian my/]ies1 #hi ,santal cu/om ( sw++ on hooks1 #bgi ,santos1 ,j4 dos1 #cg sq4 ,s>awak1 ,dyaks (1 #bgg ,saturday1 ,holy1 #bdd ,savage ,isl&1 mimic rite ( circumcision 91 #bai sq4 ,savages believe !mselves naturally immortal1 #a ,sav\1 isl& (1 #bhg 8,saw+ ! ,old ,woman10 a ,l5t5 c]emony1 #bdj sqq4 ,saws at ,mid-,l5t1 #bda1 #bdb ,saxon k+s1 _! m>riage ) _! /epmo!rs1 #aic ,saxons ( ,transylvania1 ! hang+ ( an effigy ( ,c>nival among !1 #bcj sq4 ,saxony1 ,:itsuntide mumm]s 91 #bjh ,sc>li1 #bbd n4#a ,s*midt1 ,a41 #ei n4#a ,s*mi$el1 ,pr(essor ,p41 #bfa n4#a ,s*oolcraft1 ,h4 ,r41 #acg sq4 ,s*rz+51 ! ,c>nival ,fool at1 #bca ,s*wegl]1 ,f4 ,c4 ,a41 #ahg n4#d ,sda* ,mac1 title ( annual tempor>y k+ ( ,cambodia1 #adh ,sea ,dyaks1 _! /ories ( ! orig9 ( om5 birds1 #abf1 #abg sq4 ,seligmann1 ,c4 ,g41 #ag1 #ba1 #bb1 #bc1 #bf1 #cj1 #cc ,semang1 !1 #he ,semic 9 ,bohemia1 behead+ ! k+ on ,:it-,monday at1 #bji ,sem9oles ( ,florida1 s\ls ( ! dy+ caught among !1 #aii ,semites1 sacrifices ( *ildr5 among !1 #aff sqq4 ,semitic ,baal1 #ge ,s5j]o1 sacrifice ( fir/born sons 91 #ahb sq4 ,seph>vites1 _! sacrifices ( *ildr51 #aga ,s]iphos1 cu/om ( sw++ 9 ! isl& (1 #bhc sq4 ,s]p5t1 ! ,braz51 #hf2 sacr$1 on ! ,acropolis at ,a!ns1 #hf2 or dragons p]sonat$ by k+s1 #hb2 transmigration ( ! s\ls ( ! dead into1 #hd ,s]vitude = ! slaught] ( dragons1 #gj1 #gh ,s]vius1 on ! leg5d ( ,erigone1 #bhb ,sev5 y\?s & maid5s1 tribute (1 #gd sqq4 ---- -legg$ effigy ( ,l5t1 #bdd sq4 ,%ad[ ,day1 a gypsy "n = ,palm ,sunday1 #bdc ---- ,que51 !1 #bdc ,%almanes]1 k+ ( ,assyria1 #afi1 #agj ,%am fight1 #bd ,%>k1 k+ ( ,dahomey repres5t$ ) body ( a1 #he ,%illuk1 a tribe ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 #ag sqq42 cu/om ( putt+ to dea? ! div9e k+s1 #ag sqq41 #bjd1 #bjf2 c]emony on ! accession ( a new k+ ( !1 #bjd ,%irt worn by ! effigy ( ,dea?1 its use1 #bdg1 #bdi ,%oot+ />s1 sup]/itions z to1 #ec sqq4 ,%r9es ( dead k+s1 #bd sq4 ,%rove ,tuesday1 ,burial ( ! ,c>nival on1 #bba sqq42 mock dea? (1 #bbg sqq42 drama ( ,summ] & ,w9t] on1 #beg ,%rovetide cu/om 9 ! ,erzgebirge1 #bjh sq42 9 ,bohemia1 #bji ---- ,be>1 !1 #bcj ,%urii-,kia-,miau1 aborig9al tribe 9 ,*9a1 #ade ,siam1 annual tempor>y k+s 91 #adi sq4 ,siamese1 mock human sacrifices among !1 #bah ,sick1 sacrifices = !1 #bj1 #be2 ?\ght to be possess$ by ! spirits ( k+s1 #be sq4 ,silesia1 8,c>ry+ out ,dea?0 91 #bcf sq41 #bej sq4 ,s+alang ,burong1 ! ,rul] ( ! ,_s ,_w1 #abg1 #abh ,sioo or ,siauw1 mock human sacrifices 9 ! isl& (1 #bah ,sirius1 ! s\l ( ,isis 91 #e ,si/]1 m>riage )1 9 royal families1 #aic sq4 ,siu1 a ,sea ,dyak1 & 8 bird wife1 #abg sq4 ,siva & ,prvat1 m>riage ( ! images (1 #bfe sq4 ,six hundr$ & sixty-six1 ! numb] ( ! ,bea/1 #dd ,skoptsi1 a ,russian sect1 #aif n4#c ,skull ( dead k+ us$ z a dr9k+-vessel1 #bjj ,skulls ( dead k+s remov$ & kept1 #bjb sq4 ,sky-_s1 sacrifice ( *ildr5 to1 #aha ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon1 drama ( !1 at ,delphi & ,!bes1 #gh sqq41 #hi2 my? ( !1 #aje sqq4 ,slavs1 cu/om ( regicide among !1 #eb2 fe/ival ( ! ,new ,ye> among ! old1 #bba2 ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman among !1 #bdb ,slay+ ( ! k+ 9 leg5d1 #abj sqq4 ,smi?1 ,w4 ,rob]tson1 #h n4#a ,snake1 rajahs ( ,manipur desc5d$ f a1 #acc ,s(ala1 k+s (1 put to dea?1 #cg sq42 dead k+s (1 consult$ z oracles1 #bja ,sol> & lun> "t1 e>ly attempts to h>monise1 #fh sq4 ,son ( ! k+ sacrific$ = 8 fa!r1 #afj sqq4 ,sons ( gods1 #e 8,soranian ,wolves10 #ahf n4#d ,s\l1 succession to !1 #aif sqq4 ,s\ls ( ! dead suppos$ to resemble _! bodies1 z ^! 7 at ! mom5t ( dea?1 #aj sq42 associat$ ) fall+ />s1 #fd sqq42 transmitt$ to successors1 #aih ,s\? ,am]ican ,indians1 _! ins5sibility to pa91 #ach ,spa91 sev5-legg$ effigies ( ,l5t 91 #bdd ,sp>tan k+s liable to be depos$ e eigh? ye>1 #eh sq4 ,spe>s1 sacr$1 #ai ,spectral ,huntsman1 #agh ,sp5c] & ,gill51 quot$1 #ahj n4#a1 #ahg n4#f ,_s1 ! ,great1 ( ! ,am]ican ,indians1 #c ,spitt+ to av]t demons1 #fc ,spr+ equ9ox1 cu/om ( sw++ at1 #bhd2 drama ( ,summ] & ,w9t] at !1 #beg ,spr+1 magical c]emonies = ! revival ( nature 91 #bff sqq4 8,spr+1 ! ,sacr$10 among ! anci5t ,italian peoples1 #ahf sq4 ,spr+s1 oracul>1 #gh sq4 ,/adium1 ! ,olympic1 #bhg ,/&+ on "o foot1 cu/om (1 #adi1 #aej1 #aee1 #aef ,/>s1 ! s\ls ( ,egyptian gods 91 #e2 %oot+1 sup]/itions z to1 #eh sqq42 _! suppos$ influ5ce on human de/9y1 #fe sq41 #fg sq4 ,/epmo!r1 m>riage ) a1 #aic ,/ev5s1 ,capta9 ,john1 8 ,hi/ory ( ,p]sia quot$1 #aeh sq4 ,/ig&1 ,capta9 ,c4 ,h41 #ahb ,/ool at in/allation ( ,%illuk k+s1 #bd ,/ud5ts ( ,fez1 _! mock sultan1 #aeb sq4 ,/yx1 oa? by !1 #gj n4#a ,sub/itutes1 volunt>y1 = capital puni%m5t 9 ,*9a1 #ade sq41 #bgc sqq4 ,succession 9 ,polynesia1 cu/oms (1 #aij sq4 ---- to ! k+dom ?r\gh m>riage ) a si/] or ) ! k+'s wid[1 #aic sq42 conf]r$ by p]sonal relics ( dead k+s1 #bjb sq4 ---- to ! s\l1 #aif sqq4 ,sufi ,,ii41 ,%ah ( ,p]sia1 #aeh ,suicide ( ,buddhi/ monks1 #db sq42 epidemic (1 9 ,russia1 #dd sq42 by hang+1 #bhb ----1 religi\s1 #db sqq41 #ed sqq42 9 ,india1 #ed sq4 ----1 h& (1 cut (f1 #bbj n4 ,sulka1 !1 ( ,new ,brita91 #fe 8,sultan ( ! ,scribes10 #aeb sq4 ,summ]1 br++ 91 #bcc1 #bcg1 #bch1 #bdf sqq4 ---- & ,w9t]1 dramatic battle (1 #bed sq4 ---- sol/ice 9 connexion ) ! ,olympic fe/ival1 #ij2 sw++ at !1 #bhj ---- trees1 #bdf1 #bea sq4 ,sun repres5t$ by a bull1 #ga sq42 repres5t$ z a man ) a bull's head1 #ge2 eclipses ( !1 beliefs & practices z to1 #gc n4#b1 #gg2 sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 to !1 #ahc sq42 call$ 8! gold5 sw+ 9 ! sky10 #bgi ,sun & ,moon1 my?ical & dramatic m>riage (1 #ga1 #gc sq41 #gh1 #hg sq41 #ib1 #aje ,sunday ( ! ,rose1 #bbb n4#a ,supply ( k+s1 #acd sqq4 ,supreme ,be+s1 otiose1 9 ,africa1 #ai n4 ,swabia1 ,:itsuntide mumm]s 91 #bjg2 ,%rovetide or ,l5t5 c]emonies 91 #bcj1 #bcc ,sw$51 ,may ,day 91 #bed ,sw$i% k+s1 traces ( n9e ye>s' reign (1 #eg sq4 ,sw+ 9 ! ,sky1 ! ,gold51 description ( ! sun1 #bgi ,sw++ z a c]emony or magical rite1 #aej1 #aef sq41 #bgg sqq42 on hooks run ?r\gh ! body1 ,indian cu/om1 #bgh sq42 z a mode ( inspiration1 #bhj2 z a fe/al rite 9 mod]n ,greece1 ,spa91 & ,italy1 #bhc sq4 ,swords1 gold51 #ge ,sy5e1 #add n4#b ,synt5gs ( ,assam1 #ee ,syro-,mac$onian cal5d>1 #aaf n4#a ,tahiti1 rem>kable rule ( succession 91 #aij ,tahitians1 _! notions z to eclipses ( ! sun & moon1 #gc n4#b ,tailltiu or ,taillt91 ! fair (1 #ii1 #aja ,takilis or ,c>ri] ,indians1 succession to ! s\l among !1 #aii ,talos1 a bronze man1 p]haps id5tical ) ! ,m9otaur1 #gd sq4 ,tammuz or ,adonis1 #g ,t>a1 pagan cemet]y at1 #aja ,t>ahum>es1 !1 ( ,mexico1 #fb ,taui ,isl&]s1 #fa ,t*iglit ,esquimaux1 !1 #fe ,tel-,el-,am>na tablets1 #agj n4#e ,telt[n1 ! fair at1 #ii ,tempe1 ! ,vale (1 #ha ,tempor>y k+s1 #adh sqq4 ,t5$os1 sacrifice ( infants to ,melic]tes 91 #afb ,t5g>o5g 9 ,borneo1 sw++ at1 #bhj1 #bha ,?alavettip>o?iam1 a cu/om obs]v$ 9 ,malab>1 #eb sq4 ,?amus1 an ,egyptian pilot1 #f ,!bes1 fe/ival ( ! ,laurel-,be>+ at1 #gh sq41 #hh sq4 ,!opompus1 #ie ,!seus & ,ariadne1 #ge ,?iodolf1 ! poet1 #afa ,?racians1 fun]al games held by !1 #if2 _! contempt ( dea?1 #adb ,?rone1 rev]5ce = !1 #ea ,?r+51 ,:itsuntide mumm]s 91 #bjh2 ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 91 #bce sq4 ,tiamat & ,m>duk1 #aje sq41 #ajg sq4 ,tib]ius1 8 enquiries z to ! dea? ( ,pan1 #g2 8 attempt to put d[n ,c>?ag9ian sacrifices ( *ildr51 #afh ,tilton1 ,e4 ,l41 #bcb ,"t1 ,greek & ,lat9 modes ( reckon+ int]vals (1 #ei ,timoleon1 fun]al games 9 8 hon\r1 #id ,t9neh ,indians1 !1 #fe1 #bgh ,tirunavayi temple1 #di ,tla*tga1 pagan cemet]y at1 #aja ,toboongkoos1 mock human sacrifices among !1 #bai ,todt5/e91 #bfd ,tonqu9ese cu/om ( cat*+ ! s\l ( ! dy+1 #bjj ,too? ( dead k+ kept1 #bjc ,tophet1 #afi1 #agj1 #aga ,torres ,/raits1 fun]al cu/om 91 #ib sq4 ,totemism ( ! ,d9ka1 #cj sq42 possible trace ( ,lat91 #ahf n4#d2 ! s\rce ( a p>ticul> type ( folk-tales1 #abi sqq4 ,totems1 sacrifices to1 #ca2 /ories told to acc\nt = ! orig9 (1 #abi ,t\m\1 ,egyptian god1 #e ,trans=mations into animals1 #hb sqq4 ,transmigration ( s\ls ( ! dead into s]p5ts & o!r animals1 #hd sq42 belief 91 a motive = infanticide1 #ahh sq4 ,transmission ( s\l to successor1 #aih sqq4 ,trasim5e ,lake1 battle (1 #ahf ,tree-_s1 kill+ ( !1 #bje sqq42 resurrection ( !1 #bab2 9 relation to vegetation-_s1 #bec ,trees1 masks hung on1 #bhc ,trevelyan1 ,g4 ,m41 #aed n4#a ,tribute ( y\?s & maid5s1 #gd sqq4 ,tri5nial t5ure ( ! k+%ip1 #aab sq4 ,tr9ity1 ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( !1 #e n4#c ,trocad]o ,museum1 /atues ( k+s ( ,dahomey 9 !1 #he ,trojeburg1 #gg ,trophonius at ,lebadea1 #aff n4#a ,troy1 ! game (1 #gf sq4 ,t%i-speak+ negroes ( ! ,gold ,coa/1 _! /ories to expla9 _! totemism1 #abh sq4 ,turrbal tribe ( ,que5sl&1 #fj ,typhon1 ! s\l (1 9 ! ,great ,be>1 #e ,ug&a1 k+ (1 #ci sq42 human sacrifices 91 #aci2 fir/born sons /rangl$ 91 #ahb2 dead k+s (1 give oracles ?r\gh inspir$ m$iums1 #bjj sq4 ,ujja9 9 ,we/]n ,india1 #abb sqq41 #acb1 #acc ,ul/]1 tombs ( ! k+s (1 #aja ,unyoro1 k+s (1 put to dea?1 #cd ,upsala1 #afa2 sepul*ral m\nd at1 #eg2 great fe/ival at1 #eh ,uranus mutilat$ by 8 son ,cronus1 #aib ,urvasi & ,k+ ,pururavas1 ,indian /ory (1 #aca ,u%nagh1 pagan cemet]y at1 #aja ,valhala1 #ac ,v>ro on a ,roman fun]al cu/om1 #ib2 on suicides by hang+1 #bhb ,vegetation1 dea? & revival (1 #bfc sqq4 ---- -_s p]haps g5]alis$ f a tree-_s1 #bec ,vic>i\s sacrifices1 #aag2 9 anci5t ,greece1 #aff n4#a ,vikramaditya1 leg5d>y k+ ( ,ujja91 #abb sqq41 #acb ,v9tage1 fir/-fruits ( !1 (f]$ to ,ic>ius & ,erigone1 #bhc ,virbius or ,hippolytus kill$ by horses1 #bad ,virgil1 on ! game ( ,troy1 #gf2 on ! creation ( ! _w1 #ajh sq4 ,vi%nu1 mock human sacrifice 9 ! wor%ip (1 #baf ,volcano1 sacrifice ( *ild to1 #bah ,vosges ,m\nta9s1 sup]/ition z to %oot+ />s 9 !1 #fg ,vtra1 ! dragon1 #ajf sq4 ,wa*tl 9 ,moravia1 drama ( ,summ] & ,w9t] at1 #beg ,wadai1 ,sultan (1 #ci ,wade1 ,sir ,?omas1 #bgc sq4 ,waizgan?os1 an old ,prussian god1 #aef ,wak1 a sky-_s1 #aha ,wambugwe1 !1 #fe ,wat]1 effigies ( ,dea? ?r[n into !1 #bcd sqq41 #bdf sq4 ---- -bird1 a ,:itsuntide mumm]1 #bjg n4#a ---- -dragon1 drama ( ! slay+ (1 #gh ,we9hold1 ,k41 #eg n4#b ,w5ds1 _! cu/om ( kill+ & eat+ ! old1 #ad ,we/]m>ck1 ,dr4 ,e41 #af n4#a1 #aec n4#a1 #ahi n4#b1 #bjd n4#a ,:eat at ,lammas1 (f]+s (1 #aja ,:eel1 effigy ( ,dea? atta*$ to a1 #bdg ,:iteway1 ,r4 ,s41 #ea n4#b ,:itsuntide1 drama ( ,summ] & ,w9t] at1 #beg ---- ,k+1 #bji sqq4 ---- ,mumm]s1 #bje sqq4 ---- ,que51 #baj ,wid[ ( k+1 succession to ! ?rone ?r\gh m>riage ) !1 #aic ,wiel&'s ,h\se1 #gg ,wild ,man1 a ,:itsuntide mumm]1 #bjh sq41 #bab ,w9t]1 ,que5 (1 9 ! ,isle ( ,man1 #beh2 effigy (1 burn$ at ,zuri*1 #bfj sq4 ---- & ,summ]1 dramatic battle (1 #bed sqq4 ,wolf1 trans=mation into1 #hc2 said to h guid$ ! ,samnites1 #ahf n4#d ---- -god1 ,zeus z !1 #hc ,wolves1 ,soranian1 #ahf n4#d ,woman1 ,saw+ ! ,old1 a ,l5t5 c]emony1 #bdj sqq4 ,wood1 ,k+ ( !1 at ,nemi1 #bh ,woodpeck] 7picus7 said to h guid$ ! ,pic5i1 #ahf n4#d2 sacr$ among ! ,lat9s1 ib4 ,wor%ip ( dead k+s1 #bd sq4 ,wotjobaluk1 !1 #fd ,w\nd+ ! dead or dy+1 cu/om (1 #ac sq4 ,wre/l+-mat*es 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 #ig ,wurml+5 9 ,swabia1 ,:itsuntide cu/om at1 #bjg sq42 ! ,c>nival ,fool at1 #bca sq4 ,wyse1 ,w41 #add ,x]es1 ,fr41 e>ly ,spani% hi/orian1 #ahe ,x]xes 9 ,!ssaly1 #afa1 #afc ,ximanas1 an ,indian tribe ( ! ,amazon1 kill all _! fir/born *ildr51 #ahe sq4 ,y>ilo1 ! fun]al (1 #bfa1 #bfb sq4 ,ye>1 ! ,great1 #gj ,ye>s1 mode ( c\nt+ !1 9 ,manipur1 #aag n4#a ,y]run?ally tribe ( ,que5sl&1 #fd ,yorubas1 !1 #da1 #aab ,y\?s & maid5s1 tribute (1 s5t to ,m9os1 #gd sqq4 ,zagmuk1 a ,babylonian fe/ival1 #aaj sq41 #aac1 #aae sqq4 ,zeus1 ! grave (1 #c2 oracul> cave (1 #gj2 on ,m\nt ,lycaeus1 #gj n4#a2 8 trans=mations into animals1 #hb sq42 ! ,wolf-god1 #hc2 ! ,olympic victors reg>d$ z embodim5ts (1 #ij sq42 swall[s 8 wife ,metis1 #aib2 8 m>riage ) 8 si/] ,h]a1 #aid2 & ,europa1 #gc ---- & ,h]a1 sacr$ m>riage (1 #ia ---- ,laphy/ian1 #afa1 #afb1 #afc1 #afd1 #afe ,zimm]n1 ,h41 #aaa n4#a ,zoganes at ,babylon1 #aad ,zulu k+s put to dea?1 #cf sq4 ,zuri*1 effigies ( ,w9t] burnt at1 #bfj sq4 ,,footnotes ,m#a ,mortality ( savage gods1 ,greek gods4 #a ,= examples see ,m4 ,dobrizh(f]1 ,hi/oria de ,abiponibus 7,vi5na1 #aghd71 ii4 #ib sq41 #bdj sqq42 ,c4 ,gay1 8,fragm5t d'un voyage dans le ,*ili et au ,cusco10 ,bullet9 le la ,socit de ,gographie 7,p>is71 ,deuxime ,srie1 xix4 7#ahdc7 p4 #be2 ,h4 ,delaporte1 8,une ,visite *ez les ,araucani5s10 ,bullet9 de la ,socit de ,gographie 7,p>is71 ,quatrime ,srie1 x4 7#ahee7 p4 #cj2 ,k4 von d5 ,/e951 ,unt] d5 ,naturvlk]n ,z5tral-,brasili5s 7,b]l91 #ahid71 pp4 #cdd1 #cdh2 ,e4 ,f4 im ,?urn1 ,among ! ,indians ( ,guiana 7,london1 #ahhc71 pp4 #ccj sq42 ,a4 ,g4 ,morice1 8,! ,canadian ,dns10 ,annual ,ar*aeological ,report1 #aije2 7,toronto1 #aijf71 p4 #bjg2 7,sir7 ,george ,grey1 ,j\rnals ( ,two ,exp$itions ( ,discov]y into ,nor?-,we/ & ,we/]n ,au/ralia 7,london1 #ahda71 ii4 #bch2 ,a4 ,oldfield1 8,! ,aborig9es ( ,au/ralia10 ,transactions ( ! ,e?nological ,society ( ,london1 ,n4,s4 iii4 7#ahfe7 p4 #bcf2 ,j4 ,dawson1 ,au/ralian ,aborig9es 7,melb\rne1 ,sydney1 & ,adelaide1 #ahha71 p4 #fc2 ,rev4 ,g4 ,tapl91 8,! ,n>r9y]i10 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\? ,au/ralia 7,adelaide1 #ahgi71 p4 #be2 ,c4 ,w4 ,s*rmann1 8,! ,aborig9al ,tribes ( ,port ,l9coln10 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\? ,au/ralia1 p4 #bcg2 ,h4 ,e4 ,a4 ,mey]1 9 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\? ,au/ralia1 p4 #aie2 ,r4 ,br\gh ,smy?1 ,! ,aborig9es ( ,victoria 7,melb\rne1 #ahgh71 i4 #aaj1 ii4 #bhi sq42 ,w4 ,/anbridge1 9 ,transactions ( ! ,e?nological ,society ( ,london1 ,new ,s]ies1 i4 7#ahfa7 p4 #bii2 ,l4 ,fison & ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 ,kamil>oi & ,kurnai1 pp4 #bej sq42 ,a4 ,l4 ,p4 ,cam]on1 8,notes on "s ,tribes ( ,new ,s\? ,wales10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xiv4 7#ahhe7 pp4 #cfa1 #cfb sq42 ,w4 ,ridley1 ,kamil>oi1 ,second ,edition 7,sydney1 #ahge71 p4 #aei2 ,baldw9 ,sp5c] & ,f4 ,j4 ,gill51 ,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia 7,london1 #ahii71 pp4 #df-dh2 ,cambridge ,an?ropological ,exp$ition to ,torres ,/raits1 v4 7,cambridge1 #aijd7 pp4 #bdh1 #cbc2 ,e4 ,be>dmore1 8,! ,natives ( ,m[at1 ,briti% ,new ,gu9ea10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xix4 7#ahij7 p4 #dfa2 ,r4 ,e4 ,guise1 8,on ! ,tribes inhabit+ ! ,m\? ( ! ,wanigela ,riv]1 ,new ,gu9ea10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxviii4 7#ahii7 p4 #baf2 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann1 ,! ,melanesians ( ,briti% ,new ,gu9ea 7,cambridge1 #aiaj71 p4 #bgi2 ,k4 ,vett]1 ,komm h]b] und hilf uns6 od] die ,arbeit d] ,neu5-,dettelsau] ,mission1 iii4 7,b>m51 #ahih7 pp4 #aj sq42 id41 9 ,na*ri*t5 b] ,kais]-,wilhelmsl& und d5 ,bism>ck-,ar*ipel1 #ahig1 pp4 #id1 #ih2 ,a4 ,d5iau1 8,croyances religieuses et murs des indignes de l'ile ,malo10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xxxiii4 7#aija7 pp4 #cae sq42 ,c4 ,ribbe1 ,zwei ,jahre unt] d5 ,kannibal5 d] ,salomo-,inseln 7,dresd5-,blasewitz1 #aijc71 p4 #bfh2 ,p4 ,a4 ,kle9tits*51 ,die ,k/5bewohn] d] ,gazellehalb9sel 7,hiltrup bei ,mn/]1 ,n4,d471 p4 #cdd2 ,p4 ,ras*]1 8,die ,sulka10 ,ar*iv fr ,an?ropologie1 xxix4 7#aijd7 pp4 #bba sq42 ,r4 ,p>k9son1 ,dreissig ,jahre 9 d] ,sdsee 7,/uttg>t1 #aijg71 pp4 #aii-bja2 ,g4 ,br[n1 ,d4,d41 ,melanesians & ,polynesians 7,london1 #aiaj71 p4 #agf2 ,fa!r ,ab9al1 8,a/rologie ,malga*e10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xi4 7#ahgi7 p4 #ejf2 ,a4 ,gr&idi]1 8,madagasc>10 ,bullet9 de la ,socit de ,gographie 7,p>is71 ,sixime ,srie1 iii4 7#ahgb7 p4 #cii2 ,fa!r ,campana1 8,congo1 ,mission ,ca?olique de ,l&ana10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xxvii4 7#ahie7 pp4 #ajb sq42 ,?4 ,masui1 ,guide de la ,section de l'tat ,indp5dant du ,congo l',exposition de ,bruxelles-,t]vu]5 en #ahig 7,brussels1 #ahig71 p4 #hb4 ,! discussion ( ?is & simil> evid5ce mu/ be res]v$ = ano!r "w4 #b ,c4 ,me9]s1 ,ges*i*te d] ,religion5 7,hannov]1 #ahjf-ahjg71 i4 #dh4 #c ,r4 ,i4 ,dodge1 ,our ,wild ,indians1 p4 #aab4 #d ,f4 ,blum5tritt1 8,d] ,ahn5cultus und die religis5 ,ans*auung5 d] ,malai5 des ,philipp95-,ar*ipels10 ,mit!ilung5 d4 ,wi5] geogr4 ,gesells*aft1 #ahhb1 p4 #aih4 #e ,sir ,james ,e4 ,alex&]1 ,exp$ition ( ,discov]y into ! ,int]ior ( ,africa1 i4 #aff2 ,h4 ,li*t5/e91 ,reis5 im ,sdli*5 ,africa 7,b]l91 #ahaa-ahab71 i4 #cdi sq42 ,w4 ,h4 ,i4 ,bleek1 ,reyn>d ! ,fox 9 ,s\? ,africa 7,london1 #ahfd71 pp4 #ge sq42 ,!ophilus ,hahn1 ,tsuni-,goam1 ! ,supreme ,be+ ( ! ,khoi-,khoi 7,london1 #ahha71 pp4 #ef1 #fi4 #f ,callima*us1 ,hymn to ,zeus1 #i sq42 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iii4 #fa2 ,lucian1 ,philopseudes1 #c2 id41 ,jupit] ,trago$us1 #de2 id41 ,philopatris1 #aj2 ,porphyry1 ,vita ,py?agorae1 #ag2 ,cic]o1 ,de natura deorum1 iii4 #ba4 #ec2 ,pomponius ,mela1 ii4 #g4 #aab2 ,m9ucius ,felix1 ,octavius1 #ba2 ,lactantius1 ,div94 in/it4 i4 ,,ii4 #g ,plut>*1 ,isis et ,osiris1 #ce2 ,philo*orus1 ,fragm4 #bb1 9 ,c4 ,mll]'s ,fragm5ta hi/oricorum ,graecorum1 i4 p4 #cgh2 ,tatian1 ,oratio ad ,graecos1 #h1 ed4 ,otto2 ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,s*ol4 on ,lycophron1 #bjh4 ,comp>e ,*4 ,pet]s51 8,das ,grab und die ,todt5fei] des ,dionysos10 ,philologus1 xv4 7#ahfj7 pp4 #gg-ia4 ,! grave ( ,dionysus is also said to h be5 at ,!bes 7,clem5s ,romanus1 ,recognitiones1 x4 #bd2 ,migne's ,patrologia ,graeca1 i4 col4 #adcd74 #h ,porphyry1 ,vit4 ,py?ag4 #af4 #i ,philo*orus1 ,fr4 #ahd1 9 ,c4 ,mll]'s ,fragm5ta hi/oricorum ,graecorum1 ii4 p4 #dad4 #aj ,*4 ,lobeck1 ,aglaophamus 7,knigsb]g1 #ahbi71 pp4 #egd sq4 ,m#b ,mortality ( ,egyptian gods4 #aa ,g4 ,masp]o1 ,hi/oire anci5ne des peuples de l',ori5t classique3 les orig9es1 pp4 #ajh-aaa1 #aaf-aah4 ,on ! mortality ( ! ,egyptian gods see fur!r ,a4 ,moret1 ,le ,rituel du culte div9 j\rnali] en gypte 7,p>is1 #aijb71 pp4 #bai sqq4 #ab ,plut>*1 ,isis et ,osiris1 #ba1 #bb1 #ch1 #fa2 ,diodorus ,siculus1 i4 #bg4 #d2 ,ditt5b]g]1 ,ori5tis ,graeci inscriptiones selectae1 i4 ,no4 #ef1 p4 #ajb4 #ac ,a4 ,wi$emann1 ,die ,religion d] alt5 ,aegypt]1 pp4 #ei sq42 ,g4 ,masp]o1 ,hi/oire anci5ne des peuples de l',ori5t classique3 les orig9es1 pp4 #ajd-ajh1 #aej4 ,inde$ x 0 an article ( ! ,egyptian cre$ t e god mu/ die aft] he _h begott5 a son 9 8 own lik5ess 7,a4 ,wi$emann1 ,h]odots zweites ,bu*1 p4 #bjd74 ,h5ce ! ,egyptian deities 7 commonly arrang$ 9 tr9ities ( a simple & natural type1 ea* compris+ a fa!r1 a "m1 & a son4 8,speak+ g5]ally1 two memb]s ( su* a triad 7 gods1 "o old & "o "y1 & ! ?ird 0 a goddess1 :o 01 naturally1 ! wife1 or female c\nt]p>t1 ( ! old] god4 ,! y\ng] god 0 ! son ( ! old] god & goddess1 & he 0 suppos$ to possess all ! attributes & p[]s :i* belong$ to 8 fa!r4444 ,! fem99e c\nt]p>t or wife ( ! *ief god 0 usually a local goddess ( little or no importance2 on ! o!r h&1 h] son by ! *ief god 0 ne>ly z important z 8 fa!r1 because x 0 assum$ t he w\ld succe$ to 8 rank & ?rone :5 ! eld] god _h pass$ away4 ,! conception ( ! triad or tr9ity is1 9 ,egypt1 probably z old z ! belief 9 gods1 & x seems to be bas$ on ! an?ropomorphic views :i* 7 curr5t 9 ! e>lie/ times ab\t !m0 7,e4 ,a4 ,wallis ,budge1 ,! ,gods ( ! ,egyptians1 ,london1 #aijd1 i4 #aac sq474 ,if ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity took %ape "u ,egyptian influ5ce1 ! function orig9ally assign$ to ! ,holy ,_s may h be5 t ( ! div9e "m4 ,9 ! apocryphal ,gospel to ! ,hebrews1 z ,mr4 ,f4 ,c4 ,conybe>e 0 k9d en\gh to po9t out to me1 ,*ri/ spoke ( ! ,holy ,gho/ z 8 "m4 ,! passage is quot$ by ,orig5 7,comm5t4 9 ,joan4 ,,ii4 vol4 iv4 col4 #acb1 ed4 ,migne71 & runs z foll[s3 8,my "m ! ,holy ,_s took me a mom5t ago by "o ( my hairs & c>ri$ me away to ! great ,m\nt ,tabor40 ,comp>e ,orig51 ,9 ,j]emiam ,hom4 ,,xv4 #d1 vol4 iii4 col4 #dcc1 ed4 ,migne4 ,9 ! reign ( ,trajan a c]ta9 ,alcibiades1 f ,apamea 9 ,syria1 appe>$ at ,rome ) a volume 9 :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 describ$ z a /alw>t female ab\t n9ety-six miles high & broad 9 proportion4 ,see ,hippolytus1 ,refut4 omnium ha]esium1 ix4 #ac1 p4 #dfb1 ed4 ,dunck] & ,s*neidew94 ,! ,ophites repres5t$ ! ,holy ,_s z 8! fir/ woman10 8"m ( all liv+10 :o 0 belov$ by 8! fir/ man0 & likewise by 8! second man10 & :o conceiv$ by "o or bo? ( !m 8! light1 :i* !y call ,*ri/40 ,see ,h4 ,us5]1 ,das ,weihna*tsfe/1 pp4 #aaf sq41 quot+ ,ir5aeus1 i4 #bh4 ,z to a female memb] ( ! ,tr9ity1 see fur!r id41 ,dreiheit1 e9 ,v]su* my?ologis*] ,zahl5lehre 7,bonn1 #aijc71 pp4 #da sqq42 ,gibbon1 ,decl9e & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire1 *4 #a4 vol4 ix4 p4 #bfa1 note g 7,ed9burgh1 #ahaa74 ,mr4 ,conybe>e tells me t ,philo ,judaeus1 :o liv$ 9 ! fir/ half ( ! fir/ c5tury ( our era1 con/antly def9es ,god z a ,tr9ity 9 ,unity1 or a ,unity 9 ,tr9ity1 & t ! speculations ( ?is ,alex&rian ,jew deeply influ5c$ ! c\rse ( ,*ri/ian ?\ght on ! my/ical nature ( ! deity4 ,?us x seems n impossible t ! anci5t ,egyptian doctr9e ( ! div9e ,tr9ity may h be5 di/ill$ ?r\gh ,philo into ,*ri/ianity4 ,on ! o!r h& x has be5 sugge/$ t ! ,*ri/ian ,tr9ity is ( ,babylonian orig94 ,see ,h4 ,zimm]n1 9 ,e4 ,s*rad]'s ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1#c pp4 #dah sq41 #ddj4 #ad ,l4 ,w4 ,k+1 ,babylonian ,religion & ,my?ology 7,london1 #ahii71 p4 #h4 ,m#c ,! dea? ( ! ,great ,pan4 ,dea? ( ! ,k+ ( ! ,j9n4 ,dea? ( ! ,grape-clu/]4 #ae ,plut>*1 ,de defectu oraculorum1 #ag4 #af ,?is is 9 sub/ance ! explanation briefly sugge/$ by ,f4 ,liebre*t1 & develop$ m fully & ) c]ta9 v>iations ( detail by ,s4 ,re9a*4 ,see ,f4 ,liebre*t1 ,des ,g]vasius von ,tilbury ,otia ,imp]ialia 7,hanov]1 #ahef71 p4 #ahj2 ,s4 ,re9a*1 ,cultes1 my!s et religions1 iii4 7,p>is1 #aijh71 pp4 #a sqq4 ,z to ! wor%ip ( ,tammuz or ,adonis 9 ,syria & ,greece see my ,adonis1 ,attis1 ,osiris1 ,second ,edition 7,london1 #aijg74 ,9 ,plut>*'s n>rative confusion seems to h aris5 ?r\gh ! native "n 7,tammuz7 ( ! deity1 :i* ei!r accid5tally co9cid$ ) t ( ! pilot 7z ,s4 ,re9a* ?9ks7 or 0 errone\sly transf]r$ to him by a n>rator 7z ,f4 ,liebre*t suppos$74 ,an entirely diff]5t explanation ( ! /ory has be5 propos$ by ,dr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]4 ,he holds t ! god ^: dea? 0 lam5t$ 0 ! great ram-god ( ,m5des 9 ,egypt1 :om ,greek writ]s con/antly mi/ook = a goat-god & id5tifi$ ) ,pan4 ,a liv+ ram 0 always rev]$ z an inc>nation ( ! god1 & :5 x di$ !re 0 a great m\rn+ ?r\gh\t all ! l& ( ,m5des4 ,"s /one c(f9s ( ! sacr$ animal h be5 f\nd 9 ! ru9s ( ! city4 ,see ,h]odotus1 ii4 #df1 ) ,a4 ,wi$emann's comm5t>y2 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 8,die ,leg5de vom ,tode des grosz5 ,pan10 ,fleckeis5's ,jahrb*] fr classis*e ,philologie1 xxxviii4 7#ahib7 pp4 #dfe-dgg4 ,dr4 ,ros*] %ews t ,?amus 0 an ,egyptian "n1 comp>+ ,plato1 ,pha$rus1 p4 #bgd ,d ,e2 ,polya5us1 iii4 #b4 #e2 ,philo/ratus1 ,vit4 ,apollon4 ,tyan4 vi4 #e4 #ajh4 ,z to ! wor%ipful goat1 or r ram1 ( ,m5des1 see also ,diodorus ,siculus1 i4 #hd2 ,/rabo1 xvii4 #a4 #ai1 p4 #hjb2 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,protrept4 ii4 #ci1 p4 #cd1 ed4 ,pott]2 ,suidas1 s4v4 4 #ag ,f4 ,liebre*t1 op4 cit4 pp4 #ahj sq42 ,w4 ,rob]tson ,smi?1 ,religion ( ! ,semites1#b pp4 #dab1 #dad4 ,! latt] writ] obs]ves ) ju/ice t 8! wail+ = ',uncd1 ! div9e ,grape-clu/]1 seems to be ! la/ survival ( an old v9tage piaculum40 8,! dread ( ! wor%ipp]s10 he adds1 8t ! neglect ( ! usual ritual w\ld be foll[$ by disa/]1 is p>ticul>ly intelligible if !y reg>d$ ! necess>y op]ations ( agriculture z involv+ ! viol5t ext9ction ( a p>ticle ( div9e life40 ,on ! mortality ( ! gods 9 g5]al & ( ! ,teutonic gods 9 p>ticul>1 see ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d i4 #bfc sqq42 comp>e ,e4 ,h4 ,mey]1 ,my?ologie d] ,g]man5 7,/rasburg1 #aijc71 p4 #bhh4 ,z to ! mortality ( ! ,iri% gods1 see ,d\glas ,hyde1 ,lit]>y ,hi/ory ( ,irel& 7,london1 #ahii71 pp4 #hj sq4 ,m#d ,human gods are kill$ to prev5t !m f gr[+ old & feeble4 #ah 8,d] ,muata ,cazembe und die ,vlk]/mme d] ,m>avis1 ,*evas1 ,muembas1 ,lundas und &]e von ,sd-,afrika10 ,zeits*rift fr allgeme9e ,erdkunde1 vi4 7#ahef7 p4 #cie2 ,f4 ,t4 ,valdez1 ,six ,ye>s ( a ,travell]'s ,life 9 ,we/]n ,africa 7,london1 #ahfa71 ii4 #bda sq4 #ai ,see ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #f1 #g sq4 #bj ,see ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #bf sqq4 ,m#e ,pref]5ce = a viol5t dea?3 ! sick & old kill$4 #ba ,w4 ,w4 ,gill1 ,my?s & ,songs ( ! ,s\? ,pacific 7,london1 #ahgf71 p4 #afc4 #bb ,h4 ,a4 ,junod1 ,les ,ba-,ronga 7,neu*atel1 #ahih71 pp4 #cha sq4 #bc ,w4 ,b>brooke ,grubb1 ,an ,unkn[n ,p 9 an ,unkn[n ,l& 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #abj4 #bd ,t4 ,c4 ,hodson1 ,! ,naga ,tribes ( ,manipur 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #aei4 #be ,rev4 ,j4 ,roscoe1 ,! ,bag&a 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #bha4 #bf ,*4 ,wilkes1 ,n>rative ( ! ,u4,s4 ,explor+ ,exp$ition 7,london1 #ahde71 iii4 #if4 #bg ,u4,s4 ,explor+ ,exp$ition1 ,e?nology & ,philology1 by ,h4 ,hale 7,philadelphia1 #ahdf71 p4 #fe4 ,comp>e ,?4 ,williams1 ,fiji & ! ,fijians1#b i4 #ahc2 ,j4 ,e4 ,ersk9e1 ,j\rnal ( a ,cruise among ! ,isl&s ( ! ,we/]n ,pacific 7,london1 #ahec71 p4 #bdh4 #bh ,g4 ,turn]1 ,samoa1 p4 #cce4 #bi ,m>t9 ,flad1 ,a ,%ort ,description ( ! ,fala%a & ,kamants 9 ,abyss9ia1 p4 #ai4 #cj ,h4 ,diels1 ,die ,fragm5te d] ,vorsokratik]1#b i4 7,b]l91 #aijf7 p4 #ha2 id41 ,h]akleitos von ,ephesos#b 7,b]l91 #aiji71 p4 #ej1 ,frag4 #acf1 4 ,m#f ,pref]5ce = a viol5t dea?3 ! sick & ag$ kill$4 #ca ,f4 de ,ca/elnau1 ,expdition dans les p>ties c5trales de l',amrique du ,sud1 iv4 7,p>is1 #ahea7 p4 #chj4 ,comp>e id4 ii4 #di sq4 z to ! practice ( ! ,*avantes1 a tribe ( ,indians on ! ,tocant9s riv]4 #cb ,r4 ,s\!y1 ,hi/ory ( ,brazil1 iii4 7,london1 #ahai7 p4 #fai2 ,r4 ,f4 ,burton1 9 ,! ,captivity ( ,hans ,/ade ( ,hesse 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahgd71 p4 #abb4 #cc ,c4 von ,dittm>1 8b] die ,kork5 und die ihn5 sehr nahe v]w&t5 ,ts*ukts*510 ,bullet9 de la ,classe philologique de l',acadmie ,impriale des ,sci5ces de ,/-,pt]sb\rg1 xiii4 7#ahef7 coll4 #abb1 #abd sq4 ,! cu/om has n[ be5 completely ab&on$4 ,see ,w4 ,jo*elson1 8,! ,koryak1 ,religion & ,my?s0 7,leyd5 & ,new ,york1 #aije71 p4 #ajc 7,memoir ( ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,! ,jesup ,nor? ,pacific ,exp$ition1 vol4 vi4 "p i474 #cd ,c4 von ,dittm>1 op4 cit4 col4 #acb2 ,de ,wrangell1 ,le ,nord de la ,sibrie 7,p>is1 #ahdc71 i4 #bfc sq42 8,die ,e?nographie ,russl&s na* ,a4 ,f4 ,ritti*10 ,pet]mann's ,mit!ilung51 ,ergnzung%eft1 ,no4 #ed 7,go?a1 #ahgh71 pp4 #ad sq42 8,d] ,anadyr-,bezirk na* ,a4 ,w4 ,olssufjew10 ,pet]mann's ,mit!ilung51 xlv4 7#ahii7 p4 #bcj2 ,v4 ,priklonski1 8,todt5gebru*e d] ,jakut510 ,globus1 lix4 7#ahia7 p4 #hb2 ,r4 von ,seidlitz1 8,d] ,selb/mord bei d5 ,ts*ukts*510 ib4 p4 #aaa2 ,cremat1 8,d] ,anadyrbezirk ,sibiri5s und se9e ,bevlk]ung10 ,globus1 lxvi4 7#ahid7 p4 #bhg2 ,h4 de ,w9dt1 ,?r\gh ! ,gold-fields ( ,alaska to ,b]+ ,/raits 7,london1 #ahih71 pp4 #bbc-bbe2 ,w4 ,bog>as1 8,! ,*uk*ee0 7,leyd5 & ,new ,york1 #aijd-aiji71 pp4 #efj sqq4 7,memoir ( ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,! ,jesup ,nor? ,pacific ,exp$ition1 vol4 vii474 #ce ,l4 ,a4 ,waddell1 8,! ,tribes ( ! ,brahmaputra ,valley10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,asiatic ,society ( ,b5gal1 lxix4 "p iii4 7#aija7 pp4 #bj1 #bd2 ,t4 ,c4 ,hodson1 ,! ,naga ,tribes ( ,manipur 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #aea4 #cf ,k4 ,simrock1 ,h&bu* d] deuts*5 ,my?ologie1#e pp4 #agg sq41 #ejg2 ,h4 ,m4 ,*adwick1 ,! ,cult ( ,o?9 7,london1 #ahii71 pp4 #ac sq41 #cd sq4 #cg ,procopius1 ,de bello ,go?ico1 ii4 #ad4 #ch ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,re*tsalt]?m]1#c p4 #dhh4 ,a cu/om ( putt+ ! sick & ag$ to dea? seems to h prevail$ 9 sev]al bran*es ( ! ,aryan family2 x may at "o "t h be5 common to ! :ole /ock4 ,see ,j4 ,grimm1 op4 cit4 pp4 #dhf sqq42 ,o4 ,s*rad]1 ,reallexikon d] indog]manis*5 ,alt]tumskunde1 pp4 #cf-ci4 ,m#g ,div9e k+s put to dea?4 ,! ,*itom ( ,congo4 ,e?iopian k+s ( ,m]oe4 #ci ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #d sq4 #dj ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #e sq4 #da ,j4 ,b4 ,labat1 ,relation hi/orique de l'?iopie occid5tale 7,p>is1 #agcb71 i4 #bfj sq42 ,w4 ,w9wood ,reade1 ,savage ,africa 7,london1 #ahfc71 p4 #cfb4 #db ,g4 ,m]olla1 ,relazione del viaggio nel regno di ,congo 7,naples1 #agbf71 p4 #gf4 ,! ,engli% v]sion ( ?is passage 7,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 xvi4 #bbh7 has already be5 quot$ by ,sir ,john ,lubbock 7,"l ,avebury7 9 8 ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1#d pp4 #ceh sq4 ,9 t v]sion ! native title ( ! pontiff is misspelt4 #dc ,diodorus ,siculus1 iii4 #f2 ,/rabo1 xvii4 #b4 #c1 p4 #hbb4 ,m#h ,k+s ( ,fazoql on ! ,blue ,nile4 #dd ,r4 ,lepsius1 ,lett]s f ,egypt1 ,e?iopia1 & ! p59sula ( ,s9ai 7,london1 #ahec71 pp4 #bjb1 #bjd4 ,i h to ?ank ,dr4 ,e4 ,we/]m>ck = po9t+ out ^! passages to me4 ,fazoql lies 9 ! =k betwe5 ! ,blue ,nile & its tribut>y ! ,tumat4 ,see ,j4 ,russeg]1 ,reis5 9 ,europa1 ,asi5 und ,afrika1 ii4 #b 7,/uttg>t1 #ahdd71 p4 #eeb note4 #de ,brun-,rollet1 ,le ,nil ,blanc et le ,s\dan 7,p>is1 #ahee71 pp4 #bdh sq4 ,= ! orgia/ic "* ( ^! annual fe/ivals1 see id4 p4 #bde4 ,fazolgl\ is probably ! same z ,fazoql4 ,! p :o practise ! cu/om are call$ ,b]tat by ,e4 ,m>no 7,reis5 im ,gebiete des blau5 und weiss5 ,nil 7,vi5na1 #ahgd71 p4 #fh74 #df ,j4 ,russegg]1 ,reis5 9 ,europa1 ,asi5 und ,afrika1 ii4 #b1 p4 #eec4 ,russegg] met ,assusa 9 ,janu>y #ahch1 & says t ! k+ _h !n be5 a ye> 9 (fice4 ,he does n m5tion ! "n ( ! k+'s uncle :o _h1 he tells u1 be5 /rangl$ by ! *iefs2 b ,i assume t he 0 ! ,yass9 :o is m5tion$ by ,brun-,rollet4 ,russegg] adds t ! /rangl+ ( ! k+ 0 p]=m$ publicly1 & 9 ! mo/ solemn mann]1 & 0 said to happ5 (t5 9 ,fazoql & ! neighb\r+ c\ntries4 #dg ,r4 ,lepsius1 ,lett]s f ,egypt1 ,e?iopia1 & ! p59sula ( ,s9ai 7,london1 #ahec71 p4 #bjd4 ,lepsius's lett] is dat$ 8,! ,pyramids ( ,m]o1 #bbnd ,april #ahdd40 ,8 in=mant 0 ,osman ,bey1 :o _h liv$ = sixte5 ye>s 9 ^! regions4 ,an anq>eb or ang>eb is a k9d ( b$ made by /ret*+ /r+ or lea!r ?ongs ov] an oblong wood5 framework4 ,m#i ,%illuk cu/om ( putt+ div9e k+s to dea?4 ,! ,%illuk k+s suppos$ to be re9c>nations ( ,nyakang1 ! semi-div9e f\nd] ( ! dyna/y4 ,! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 #dh ,i h to ?ank ,dr4 ,seligmann = 8 k9dness & c\rtesy 9 transmitt+ to me 8 unpubli%$ acc\nt & all[+ me to draw on x at my discretion4 #di ,z to ,jok 7uok71 ! supreme be+ ( ! ,%illuk1 see ,p4 ,w4 ,h(mayr1 8,religion d] ,s*illuk10 ,an?ropos1 vi4 7#aiaa7 pp4 #abj-abb1 ^: acc\nt agrees ) ! brief] "o giv5 by ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann4 ,otiose supreme be+s 7dieux fa9ants7 ( ?is type1 :o hav+ made ! _w d n m$dle ) x & to :om little or no wor%ip is paid1 are common 9 ,africa4 #ej ,p4 ,w4 ,h(mayr1 8,religion d] ,s*illuk10 ,an?ropos1 vi4 7#aiaa7 pp4 #abc1 #abe4 ,?is writ] gives ,nykang z ! "n ( ! fir/ ,%illuk k+4 #ea ,p4 ,w4 ,h(mayr1 op4 cit4 p4 #abc4 #eb ,?is is ! view bo? ( ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann & ( ,fa!r ,p4 ,w4 ,h(mayr 7op4 cit4 p4 #abc74 #ec ,! ^w k5go is appli$ only to ! %r9es ( ,nyakang & ! graves ( ! k+s4 ,graves ( common]s are call$ roro4 ,m#aj ,annual ra9-mak+ c]emony p]=m$ at ! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 ,h>ve/ c]emony at ! %r9es ( ,nyakang4 #ed ,on ! use ( fl[+ blood 9 ra9-mak+ c]emonies see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #bef1 #beg sq4 ,m#aa ,%illuk k+s put to dea? :5 !y %ew signs ( ill-heal? or fail+ /r5g?4 #ee ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann1 ,! ,%illuk ,div9e ,k+s 79 manuscript74 ,m#ab ,%illuk k+s =m]ly liable to be attack$ & kill$ at any "t by rival claimants to ! ?rone4 #ef ,on ?is subject ,dr4 ,seligmann writes to me 7,m>* #i?1 #aiaa7 z foll[s3 8,! assumption ( ! ?rone z ! result ( victory 9 s+le combat d\btless occurr$ once2 at ! pres5t day & p]haps = ! :ole ( ! hi/oric p]iod x has be5 sup]s$$ by ! c]emonial kill+ ( ! k+1 b ,i reg>d ^! /ories z folk-lore indicat+ :at once really happ5$40 #eg ,^! p>ticul>s ,i take f lett]s ( ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann's to me 7dat$ #h? ,febru>y & #i? ,m>* #aiaa74 ,!y are n m5tion$ 9 ! writ]'s pap] on ! subject4 ,m#ac ,c]emonies at ! accession ( a ,%illuk k+4 ,m#ad ,wor%ip ( ! dead ,%illuk k+s4 #eh ,:5 "o ( ! k+'s wives is ) *ild1 %e rema9s at ,fa%oda till ! f\r? or fif? mon? ( h] pregnancy2 %e is !n s5t away to a village1 n necess>ily h] own1 :]e %e rema9s "u ! *>ge ( ! village *ief until %e has f9i%$ nurs+ ! *ild4 ,aft]w>ds %e returns to ,fa%oda1 b ! *ild inv>iably rema9s 9 ! village ( 8 or h] bir? & is br\ght up !re4 ,all royal *ildr5 ( ei!r sex1 9 :atev] "p ( ! ,%illuk t]ritory !y may happ5 to die1 are buri$ ! village :]e !y 7 born4 ,m#ae ,sick p & o!rs suppos$ to be possess$ by ! spirits ( dead ,%illuk k+s4 ,m#af ,! pr9cipal elem5t 9 ! religion ( ! ,%illuk is ! wor%ip ( _! k+s4 ,! k+s put to dea? 9 ord] to pres]ve _! div9e _s f natural decay1 :i* w\ld sympa!tically affect ! crops1 ! cattle1 & mank9d4 #ei ,z to ! disappe>ance ( ! e>ly ,roman k+s see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #cab sqq42 z to ! disappe>ance ( ! e>ly k+s ( ,ug&a1 see ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,roscoe1 ,! ,bag&a 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #bad4 ,m#ag ,p>allel betwe5 ! ,%illuk k+s & ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood at ,nemi4 #fj ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #a sqq41 ii4 #cgf sqq4 ,m#ah ,! ,d9ka ( ! ,upp] ,nile4 #fa 8,e4 de ,pruyss5a]e's ,reis5 und ,=s*ung5 im ,gebiete des ,weiss5 und ,blau5 ,nil10 ,pet]mann's ,mit!ilung51 ,ergnzung%eft1 ,no4 #ej 7,go?a1 #ahgg71 pp4 #ah-bc4 ,comp>e ,g4 ,s*we9fur?1 ,! ,he>t ( ,africa1 ,?ird ,edition 7,london1 #ahgh71 i4 #dh sqq4 ,9 ! text ,i h foll[$ de ,pruyss5a]e's description ( ! privations endur$ by ! ,d9ka 9 ! dry season4 ,b t description is p]haps only applicable 9 seasons ( unusual dr\ght1 = ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann1 writ+ f p]sonal obs]vation1 in=ms me t he reg>ds ! description z mu* ov]drawn2 9 an av]age ye>1 he tells me1 ! cattle d n die ( fam9e & ! natives are n />v+4 ,accord+ to 8 in=mation ! dr9k+ ( ! blood ( _! cattle is a luxury 9 :i* ! ,d9ka indulge !mselves at any "t ( ! ye>4 ,m#ai ,d5gdit1 ! ,supreme ,be+ ( ! ,d9ka4 ,totemism ( ! ,d9ka4 #fb ,= ?is & ! foll[+ in=mation z to ! religion1 totemism1 & ra9-mak]s ( ! ,d9ka ,i am indebt$ to ! k9dness ( ,dr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,seligmann1 :o inve/igat$ ! ,%illuk & ,d9ka 9 #aiji-aiaj & has mo/ oblig+ly plac$ 8 manuscript mat]ials at my disposal4 ,m#bj ,ra9-mak]s among ! ,d9ka4 #fc ,on ! importance ( ! ra9-mak]s among ! ,d9ka & o!r tribes ( ! ,upp] ,nile1 see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #cde sqq4 ,m#ba ,d9ka ra9-mak]s n all[$ to die a natural dea?4 ,m#bb ,k+s put to dea? 9 ,unyoro & o!r p>ts ( ,africa4 #fd ,em9 ,pa%a 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 be+ a ,collection ( 8 ,lett]s & ,j\rnals 7,london1 #ahhh71 p4 #ia2 ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]1 ,totemism & ,exogamy1 ii4 #ebi sq4 7f in=mation giv5 by ! ,rev4 ,john ,roscoe74 #fe ,fa!r ,guillem1 9 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 lx4 7#ahhh7 p4 #beh2 id41 8,cr$5ze religiose dei ,negri di ,kibanga nell' ,alto ,congo10 ,ar*ivio p] lo /udio delle tradizioni popol>i1 vii4 7#ahhh7 p4 #bca4 #ff ,! ,travels ( ! ,jesuits 9 ,e?iopia1 collect$ & hi/orically dige/$ by ,f4 ,bal?az> ,tellez1 ( ! ,society ( ,jesus 7,london1 #agaj71 p4 #aig4 ,we may comp>e ! dea? ( ,saul 7#a ,samuel1 xxxi4 #c-f74 #fg ,lieut4 ,h4 ,pope-,h5nessy1 8,notes on ! ,jukos & o!r ,tribes ( ! ,middle ,b5ue10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxx4 7#aijj7 p4 7#bi74 #fh ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]1 ,totemism & ,exogamy1 ii4 #fjh1 on ! au?ority ( ,mr4 ,h4 ,r4 ,palm]1 ,resid5t 9 ,*>ge ( ,kats9a4 ,m#bc ,! ,matiamvo ( ,angola4 #fi ,f4 ,t4 ,valdez1 ,six ,ye>s ( a ,travell]'s ,life 9 ,we/]n ,africa 7,london1 #ahfa71 ii4 #aid sq4 ,m#bd ,zulu k+s put to dea? on ! approa* ( old age4 #gj ,na?aniel ,isaacs1 ,travels & ,adv5tures 9 ,ea/]n ,africa 7,london1 #ahcf71 i4 #bie sq41 comp>e pp4 #bcb1 #bij sq4 ,m#be ,k+s ( ,s(ala put to dea? on acc\nt ( bodily blemi%es4 #ga ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #cib4 #gb ,j4 dos ,santos1 8,ea/]n ,e?iopia10 9 ,g4 ,mc,call ,!al's ,records ( ,s\!a/]n ,africa1 vii4 7#aija7 pp4 #aid sq4 ,a m highly-flav\r$ & full-bodi$1 ?\gh less slavi%ly accurate1 translation ( ?is passage is giv5 9 ,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 xvi4 #fhd1 :]e ! ,engli% translator has enri*$ ! unadorn$ simplicity ( ! ,portuguese hi/orian's /yle ) 8! scy! ( "t0 & o!r fl[]s ( rhetoric4 #gc ,j4 dos ,santos1 op4 cit4 p4 #aic4 ,m#bf ,k+s requir$ to be unblemi%$4 ,c\rti]s requir$ to imitate _! sov]eign4 #gd ,x5ophon1 ,hell5ica1 iii4 #c4 #c2 ,plut>*1 ,agesilaus1 #c2 id41 ,lys&]1 #bb2 ,pausanias1 iii4 #h4 #i4 #ge ,h]odotus1 iii4 #bj2 ,ari/otle1 ,politics1 iv4 #d4 #d42 ,a!naeus1 xiii4 #bj1 p4 #eff4 ,accord+ to ,nicolaus ,damasc5us 7,fr4 #adb1 9 ,fragm5ta hi/oricorum ,graecorum1 ed4 ,c4 ,mll]1 iii4 p4 #dfc71 ! h&some/ & brave/ man 0 only rais$ to ! ?rone :5 ! k+ _h no heirs1 ! heirs be+ ! sons ( 8 si/]s4 ,b ?is limitation is n m5tion$ by ! o!r au?orities4 #gf ,g4 ,na*tigal1 ,sah> und ,sdn1 iii4 7,leipsic1 #ahhi7 p4 #bbe2 ,a4 ,ba/ian1 ,die deuts*e ,exp$ition an d] ,loango-,k/e 7,j5a1 #ahgd-ge71 i4 #bbj4 #gg ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 ,social ,hi/ory ( ,anci5t ,irel& 7,london1 #aijc71 i4 #caa4 #gh ,/rabo1 xvii4 #b4 #c1 p4 #hbc2 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iii4 #g4 #gi ,mohamm$ ,ebn-,om> ,el-,t\nsy1 ,voyage au ,d>f\r 7,p>is1 #ahde71 pp4 #afb sq42 ,travels ( an ,arab ,m]*ant 9 ,s\dan1 abridg$ f ! ,fr5* by ,bayle ,/4 ,john 7,london1 #ahed71 p4 #gh2 ,bullet9 de la ,socit de ,gographie 7,p>is71 ,i,vme ,srie1 iv4 7#aheb7 pp4 #eci sq4 #hj ,r4 ,w4 ,felk91 8,notes on ! ,wag&a ,tribe ( ,c5tral ,africa10 9 ,proce$+s ( ! ,royal ,society ( ,ed9burgh1 xiii4 7#ahhd-ahhf7 p4 #gaa2 ,j4 ,roscoe1 8,fur!r ,notes on ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,bag&a10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxii4 7#aijb7 p4 #gg 7z to sneez+74 #ha ,n>rative ( ,ev5ts 9 ,borneo & ,celebes1 f ! ,j\rnal ( ,james ,brooke1 ,esq41 ,rajah ( ,s>awak1 by ,capta9 ,r4 ,mundy1 i4 #acd4 ,my fri5d ! late ,mr4 ,lorim] ,fison1 9 a lett] ( ,augu/ #bf?1 #ahih1 told me t ! cu/om ( fall+ d[n :5ev] a *ief fell 0 obs]v$ also 9 ,fiji1 :]e x _h a special "n1 bale muri1 8fall-foll[40 #hb ,mgr4 ,bruguire1 9 ,annales de l',association de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 v4 7#ahca7 pp4 #agd sq4 ,m#bg ,k+s ( ,eyeo put to dea?4 ,volunt>y dea? by fire ( ! old ,prussian ,kirwaido4 #hc ,a4 ,dalzel1 ,hi/ory ( ,dahomy 7,london1 #agic71 pp4 #ab sq41 #aef sq4 #hd ,fa!r ,baud91 8,le ,fti*isme ou la religion des ,ngres de la ,gu9e10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xvi4 7#ahhd7 p4 #bae4 #he ,mission>y ,holley1 8tude sur les ,egbas10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xiii4 7#ahha7 pp4 #cea sq4 ,"h ,oyo is probably ! same z ,eyeo m5tion$ above4 #hf ,simon ,grunau1 ,preussis*e ,*ronik1 h]ausgegeb5 von ,dr4 ,m4 ,p]lba* 7,leipsic1 #ahgf71 i4 p4 #ig4 ,m#bh ,volunt>y dea?s by fire4 ,p]egr9us at ,olympia4 ,buddhi/ monks 9 ,*9a4 #hg ,lucian1 ,de morte ,p]egr9i4 ,t ,lucian's acc\nt ( ! m\ntebank's dea? is n a fancy picture is prov$ by ! evid5ce ( ,t]tullian1 ,ad m>tyres1 #d1 8,p]egr9us qui non olim se rogo immisit40 #hh ,d4 ,s4 ,macg[an1 ,m4,d41 8,self-immolation by ,fire 9 ,*9a10 ,! ,*9ese ,record] & ,mission>y ,j\rnal1 xix4 7#ahhh7 pp4 #dde-dea1 #ejh-eba4 #hi ,e4 ,w4 ,nelson1 8,! ,eskimo ab\t ,b]+ ,/rait10 ,eighte5? ,annual ,report ( ! ,bureau ( ,am]ican ,e?nology1 ,"p ,i4 7,wa%+ton1 #ahii71 pp4 #cbj1 #dcc sq4 ,m#bi ,religi\s suicides 9 ,russia4 ,belief 9 ! approa*+ end ( ! _w4 #ij ,revelation xx4 #a-c4 #ia ,revelation xiii4 #ah4 ,m#cj ,epidemic ( suicide4 ,suicide by />vation4 ,suicide by fire4 #ib ,ivan ,/*\k9e1 ,le ,suicide collectif dans le ,raskol russe 7,p>is1 #aijc71 pp4 #de-ec1 #fa-gh1 #hd-hg1 #if-ii1 #ajb-aab4 ,! mania 9 its mo/ extreme =m di$ away t[>ds ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 b dur+ ! eighte5? & n9ete5? c5turies cases ( collective suicide f religi\s motives occurr$ f "t to "t1 p burn+ !mselves 9 families or 9 bat*es ( ?irty or =ty4 ,! la/ ( ^! suicides by fire took place 9 #ahfj1 :5 fifte5 p]sons ?us p]i%$ 9 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,olonetz4 ,tw5ty-f\r o!rs buri$ !mselves alive ne> ,tiraspol 9 ! w9t] ( #ahif-ig4 ,see ,i4 ,/*\k9e1 op4 cit4 pp4 #aad-abf4 ,m#ca ,a ,jewi% ,messiah4 #ic ,voltaire1 ,essai sur les ,murs1 iii4 #adb-ade 7uvres compltes de ,voltaire1 xiii4 ,p>is1 #ahgh74 ,m#cb ,k+s put to dea? aft] a fix$ t]m4 ,suicide ( ! k+s ( ,quilac>e at ! end ( a reign ( twelve ye>s4 #id ,du>te ,b>bosa1 ,a ,description ( ! ,coa/s ( ,ea/ ,africa & ,malab> 9 ! ,beg9n+ ( ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahff71 pp4 #agb sq4 ,m#cc ,cu/om ( ! k+s ( ,calicut4 #ie ,l4 di ,v>!ma1 ,travels1 translat$ by ,j4 ,w4 ,jones & edit$ by ,g4 ,p4 ,badg] 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahfc71 p4 #acd4 ,9 a note ! ,editor says t ! "n ,zamor9 7,samor97 accord+ to "s 8is a corruption ( ,tamuri1 ! "n ( ! mo/ exalt$ family ( ! ,nair ca/e40 #if ,francis ,bu*anan1 8,j\rney f ,madras ?r\gh ! ,c\ntries ( ,mysore1 ,can>a1 & ,malab>10 9 ,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 viii4 #gce4 #ig ,alex4 ,hamilton1 8,a ,new ,acc\nt ( ! ,ea/ ,indies10 9 ,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 viii4 #cgd4 ,m#cd ,full] acc\nt ( ! ,calicut cu/om4 ,m#ce ,! ,maha ,makham or ,great ,sacrifice at ,calicut4 #ih ,! sid]eal revolution ( ,jupit] is complet$ 9 #aa ye>s #cad4ib days 7,encyclopa$ia ,britannica1 ,n9? ,edition1 s4v4 8,a/ronomy10 ii4 #hjh74 ,! twelve-ye>s revolution ( ,jupit] 0 kn[n to ! ,greek a/ronom]s1 f :om ! k may p]haps h p5etrat$ into ,india4 ,see ,gem9us1 ,eisagoge1 ,i1 p4 #aj1 ed4 ,halma4 ,m#cf ,! attack on ! k+4 #ii ,w4 ,logan1 ,malab> 7,madras1 #ahhg71 i4 #afb-afi4 ,! writ] describes 9 p>ticul> ! fe/ival ( #afhc1 :5 fifty-five m5 p]i%$ 9 ! mann] describ$4 ,m#cg ,cu/om ( k+s 9 ,b5gal4 ,cu/om ( ! k+s ( ,passi]4 ,cu/om ( ,slavonic k+s4 #ajj ,sir ,h4 ,m4 ,elliot1 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,india z told by its own ,hi/orians1 iv4 #bfj4 ,i h to ?ank ,mr4 ,r4 ,s4 ,:iteway1 ( ,br[nscombe1 ,%ott]mill1 ,surrey1 = k9dly call+ my att5tion to ?is & ! foll[+ in/ance ( ! cu/om ( regicide4 #aja ,de ,b>ros1 ,da ,asia1 dos feitos1 que os ,portuguezes fiz]am no descubrim5to e conqui/a dos m>es e t]ras d ,ori5te1 ,decada ,t]ceira1 ,liv4 ,v4 cap4 i4 pp4 #eab sq4 7,lisbon1 #aggg74 #ajb ,saxo ,grammaticus1,hi/oria ,danica1 viii4 pp4 #daj sq41 ed4 ,p4 ,e4 ,mll] 7p4 #ccd ( ,mr4 ,oliv] ,elton's ,engli% translation74 ,m#ch ,cu/om ( ,?alavettip>o?iam 9 ,malab>4 ,cu/om ( ! ,sultans ( ,java4 #ajc ,t4 ,k4 ,gopal ,panikk> 7( ! ,madras ,regi/ration ,dep>tm5t71 ,malab> & its ,folk 7,madras1 ,n4 ,d41 preface dat$ ,*[ghaut1 #h? ,octob] #aijj71 pp4 #abj sq4 ,i h to ?ank my fri5d ,mr4 ,w4 ,crooke = call+ my att5tion to ?is acc\nt4 #ajd ,voyage d',ibn ,bat\tah1 texte arabe1 accompagn d'une traduction p> ,c4 ,deffrm]y et ,b4 ,r4 ,sangu9etti 7,p>is1 #ahec-eh71 iv4 #bdf sq4 ,m#ci ,religi\s suicides 9 ,india4 #aje ,! ,wond]s ( ! ,ea/1 by ,fri> ,jordanus1 translat$ by ,col4 ,h5ry ,yule 7,london1 #ahfc1 ,hakluyt ,society71 pp4 #cb sq4 #ajf ,india 9 ! ,fifte5? ,c5tury1 be+ a ,collection ( ,voyages to ,india 9 ! c5tury prec$+ ! ,portuguese discov]y ( ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 edit$ by ,r4 ,h4 ,major 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #aheg71 8,! ,travels ( ,nicolo ,conti 9 ! ,ea/10 pp4 #bg sq4 ,an in/rum5t ( ! sort describ$ 9 ! text 7a cresc5t-%ap$ knife ) *a9s & /irrups atta*$ to x = ! conv5i5ce ( ! suicide7 us$ to be pres]v$ at ,k%ira1 a village ( ,b5gal ne> ,nadiya3 x 0 call$ a k>avat4 ,see ,! ,book ( ,s] ,m>co ,polo1 newly translat$ & edit$ by ,colonel ,h5ry ,yule1 ,second ,edition 7,london1 #ahge71 ii4 #ccd4 #ajg ,major ,p4 ,r4 ,t4 ,gurdon1 ,! ,khasis 7,london1 #aijg71 pp4 #ajb sq41 quot+ ,mr4 ,gait 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,asiatic ,society ( ,b5gal = #ahih4 ,m#dj ,pret5ce ( putt+ ! k+'s proxy to dea?4 ,man kill$ at ! in/allation ( a k+ ( ,cassange4 #ajh ,e4 ,t4 ,dalton1 ,descriptive ,e?nology ( ,b5gal 7,calcutta1 #ahgb71 p4 #adf4 #aji ,f4 ,t4 ,valdez1 ,six ,ye>s ( a ,travell]'s ,life 9 ,we/]n ,africa 7,london1 #ahfa71 ii4 #aeh-afj4 ,i h translat$ ! title ,maquita by 8*ief02 ! writ] does n expla9 x4 ,m#da ,sacrifice ( ! k+'s sons 9 ,sw$53 evid5ce ( a n9e ye>s' t5ure ( ! ?rone4 #aaj ,yngl+a ,saga1 #bi 7,! ,heimskr+la1 translat$ by ,s4 ,la+1 i4 #bci sq474 ,comp>e ,h4 ,m4 ,*adwick1 ,! ,cult ( ,o?9 7,london1 #ahii71 p4 #d4 ,accord+ to ,messrs4 ,la+ & ,*adwick ! sacrifice took place e t5? ye>4 ,b ,i foll[ ,pr(4 ,k4 ,we9hold :o translates 8hit tiunda hv]t r0 by 8alle neun ,jahre0 78,die my/is*e ,neunzahl bei d5 ,deuts*510 ,abh&lung5 d] knig4 ,akademie d] ,wiss5s*aft5 zu ,b]l91 #ahig1 p4 #f74 ,s 9 ,lat9 decimo quoque anno %\ld be translat$ 8e n9? ye>40 #aaa ,saxo ,grammaticus1 ,hi/oria ,danica1 iii4 pp4 #abi-aca1 ed4 ,p4 ,e4 ,mll] 7pp4 #ih sq4 ( ,oliv] ,elton's ,engli% translation74 #aab ,adam ( ,brem51 ,descriptio insul>um ,aquilonis1 #bg 7,migne's ,patrologia ,lat9a1 cxlvi4 col4 #fdd74 ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #cfd sq4 ,m#db ,limit$ t5ure ( ! k+%ip 9 anci5t ,greece4 ,! ,sp>tan k+s appe> =m]ly to h held (fice = p]iods ( eight ye>s only4 ,! dread ( meteors %>$ by savages4 #aac ,plut>*1 ,agis1 ,,ii4 ,plut>* says t ! cu/om 0 obs]v$ 8at int]vals ( n9e ye>s0 7 71 b ! expression is equival5t to our 8at int]vals ( eight ye>s40 ,9 reckon+ int]vals ( "t num]ically ! ,greeks includ$ bo? ! t]ms :i* are sep>at$ by ! int]val1 :]eas we include only "o ( !m4 ,= example1 our phrase 8e second day0 w\ld be r5d]$ 9 ,greek 1 lit]ally 8e ?ird day40 ,aga91 a cycle ( two ye>s is 9 ,greek triet]is1 lit]ally 8a p]iod ( ?ree ye>s02 a cycle ( eight ye>s is ennaet]is1 lit]ally 8a p]iod ( n9e ye>s02 & s =?4 ,see ,c5sor9us1 ,de die natali1 #ah4 ,! ,lat9 use ( ! ord9al numb]s is simil>1 e4g4 our 8e second ye>0 w\ld be t]tio quoque anno 9 ,lat94 ,h[ev]1 ! ,greeks & ,romans 7 n always consi/5t 9 ?is matt]1 = !y occasionally reckon$ 9 our fa%ion4 ,! result+ ambiguity is n only puzzl+ to mod]ns2 x sometimes confus$ ! anci5ts !mselves4 ,= example1 x l$ to a d]angem5t ( ! newly in/itut$ ,julian cal5d>1 :i* escap$ detection = m ?an ?irty ye>s4 ,see ,macrobius1 ,saturn4 i4 #ad4 #ac sq42 ,sol9us1 i4 #de-dg4 ,on ! anci5t modes ( c\nt+ 9 su* cases see ,a4 ,s*midt1 ,h&bu* d] grie*is*5 ,*ronologie 7,j5a1 #ahhh71 pp4 #ie sqq4 ,accord+ to ,s*midt1 ! practice ( add+ bo? t]ms to ! sum ( ! int]v5+ units 0 n ext5d$ by ! ,greeks to numb]s above n9e4 #aad ,die ,dori]1#b ii4 #if4 ,m#dc ,sup]/itions ( ! ,au/ralian aborig9es z to %oot+ />s4 #aae ,e4 ,man1 ,aborig9al ,inhabitants ( ! ,&aman ,isl&s1 pp4 #hd sq4 #aaf ,w4 ,e4 ,ro?1 ,nor? ,que5sl& ,bullet91 ,no4 #e1 ,sup]/ition1 ,magic1 & ,m$ic9e 7,brisbane1 #aijc71 p4 #h4 #aag ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 ,! ,native ,tribes ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,au/ralia1 p4 #dbi4 #aah ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 op4 cit4 p4 #dcj4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ writ]s on ,new ,s\? ,wales reports t ! natives attribut$ great importance to ! fall+ ( a /> 7,d4 ,coll9s1,acc\nt ( ! ,engli% ,colony 9 ,new ,s\? ,wales 7,london1 #ahjd71 p4 #chc74 #aai ,sp5c] & ,gill51 ,nor!rn ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 p4 #fbg4 #abj ,sp5c] & ,gill51 op4 cit4 pp4 #dhh1 #fbg sq4 #aba ,g4 ,?il5ius1 ,e?nographis*e ,ergebnisse aus ,melanesi51 ii4 7,halle1 #aijc7 p4 #abi4 ,m#dd ,sup]/itions ( ! negroes & o!r ,african races z to %oot+ />s4 #abb ,h4 ,a4 ,junod1 ,les ,ba-ronga 7,neu*atel1 #ahih71 p4 #dgj4 #abc ,a4 ,c4 ,hollis1 ,! ,masai 7,ox=d1 #aije71 p4 #caf4 #abd ,j4 ,campbell1 ,travels 9 ,s\? ,africa 7,london1 #ahae71 pp4 #dbh sq4 #abe ,id41 ,travels 9 ,s\? ,africa1 ,second ,j\rney 7,london1 #ahbb71 ii4 #bjd4 #abf ,g4 ,zndel1 8,l& und ,volk d] ,ewe] auf d] ,sclav5k/e 9 ,we/afrika10 ,zeits*rift d] ,gesells*aft fr ,erdkunde zu ,b]l91 xii4 7#ahgg7 pp4 #dae sq42 ,c4 ,spiess1 8,religionsbegriffe d] ,evhe] 9 ,we/afrika10 ,mit!ilung5 des ,sem9>s fr ,ori5talis*e ,spra*5 zu ,b]l91 vi4 7#aijc7 ,dritte ,ab!ilung1 p4 #aab4 ,m#de ,sup]/itions ( ! ,am]ican ,indians z to %oot+ />s4 #abg ,boscana1 8,*9ig*9i*1 a ,hi/orical ,acc\nt ( ! ,orig91 etc41 ( ! ,indians ( ,/4 ,juan ,capi/rano10 9 ,a4 ,rob9son's ,life 9 ,cali=nia 7,new ,york1 #ahdf71 p4 #bii4 #abh ,c4 ,lumholtz1 ,unkn[n ,mexico 7,london1 #aijc71 i4 #cbd sq4 #abi ,k4 von d5 ,/e951 ,unt] d5 ,naturvlk]n ,z5tral-,brasili5s 7,b]l91 #ahid71 pp4 #ead sq4 ,! ,p]uvian ,indians also made a prodigi\s noise :5 !y saw a %oot+ />4 ,see ,p4 de ,cieza de ,leon1 ,travels 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahfd71 p4 #bcb4 #acj ,g4 ,kurze1 8,sitt5 und ,gebru*e d] ,l5gua-,indian]10 ,mitteilung5 d] ,geographis*5 ,gesells*aft zu ,j5a1 xxiii4 7#aije7 p4 #ag2 ,w4 ,b>brooke ,grubb1 ,an ,unkn[n ,p 9 an ,unkn[n ,l& 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #afc4 #aca ,m4 ,dobrizh(f]1 ,hi/oria de ,abiponibus 7,vi5na1 #aghd71 ii4 #hf4 ,m#df ,%oot+ />s reg>d$ z demons4 #acb ,w4 ,tetzlaff1 8,notes on ! ,laughlan ,isl&s10 ,annual ,report on ,briti% ,new ,gu9ea1 #ahij-ia 7,brisbane1 #ahib71 p4 #aje4 #acc ,h4 ,old5b]g1 ,die ,religion des ,v$a1 p4 #bfg4 #acd ,w4 ,crooke1 ,popul> ,religion & ,folklore ( ,nor!rn ,india 7,we/m9/]1 #aijf71 ii4 #bb4 #ace ,holzmay]1 8,osiliana10 ,v]h&lung5 d] gelehrt5 ,e/nis*5 ,gesells*aft zu ,dorpat1 vii4 7#ahgb7 p4 #dh4 #acf ,guilla91 ,docum5ts sur l'hi/oire1 la gographie1 et le comm]ce de l',afrique ,ori5tale1 ii4 7,p>is1 ,n4,d47 p4 #ig2 ,c4 ,velt51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e d] ,suaheli 7,gtt+51 #aijc71 pp4 #cci sq42 ,c4 ,b4 ,klunz+]1 ,upp] ,egypt 7,london1 #ahgh71 p4 #dje2 ,budgett ,meak91 ,! ,moors 7,london1 #aijb71 p4 #cec4 ,m#dg ,%oot+ />s associat$ ) ! s\ls ( ! dead4 ,suppos$ relation ( ! />s to m54 #acg ,e4 ,dieff5ba*1 ,travels 9 ,new ,zeal& 7,london1 #ahdc71 ii4 #ff4 ,accord+ to ano!r acc\nt1 meteors are reg>d$ by ! ,maoris z betok5+ ! pres5ce ( a god 7,r4 ,taylor1 ,te ,ika a ,maui1 or ,new ,zeal& & its ,inhabitants1#b p4 #adg74 #ach ,*4 ,wilkes1 ,n>rative ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,explor+ ,exp$ition1 v4 #hh4 #aci ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,au/ralia1 p4 #cfi4 #adj ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 9 ,br\gh ,smy?'s ,aborig9es ( ,victoria1 ii4 #cji4 #ada ,e4 ,palm]1 8,notes on "s ,au/ralian ,tribes10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xiii4 7#ahhd7 p4 #bib4 ,sometimes app>5tly ! ,au/ralian natives reg>d cry/als or brok5 glass z fall5 />s1 & treasure !m z p[]ful in/rum5ts ( magic4 ,see ,e4 ,m4 ,curr1 ,! ,au/ralian ,race1 iii4 #bi2 ,w4 ,e4 ,ro?1 ,nor? ,que5sl& ,e?nography1 ,bullet9 ,no4 #e1 p4 #h4 #adb ,j4 ,macgillivray1 ,n>rative ( ! ,voyage ( ,h4,m4,s4 ,rattlesnake 7,london1 #aheb71 ii4 #cj4 #adc ,p4 ,a4 ,kle9tits*51 ,die ,k/5bewohn] d] ,gazellehalb9sel 7,hiltrup bei ,mn/]1 ,n4,d471 p4 #bbg4 #add ,p4 ,ras*]1 8,die ,sulka10 ,ar*iv fr ,an?ropologie1 xxix4 7#aijd7 p4 #baf4 #ade ,dudley ,kidd1 ,savage ,*ildhood 7,london1 #aijf71 p4 #adi4 #adf ,j4 ,halk91 ,quelques ,peuplades du di/rict de l',uel 7,lige1 #aijg71 p4 #ajb4 #adg ,o4 ,baumann1 ,dur* ,massail& zur ,nilquelle 7,b]l91 #ahid71 p4 #afc4 #adh ,o4 ,baumann1 ,dur* ,massail& zur ,nilquelle 7,b]l91 #ahid71 p4 #ahh4 #adi ,e4 ,petitot1 ,monographie des ,dn-,d9dj 7,p>is1 #ahgf71 p4 #fj2 id41 ,monographie des ,esquimaux ,t*iglit 7,p>is1 #ahgf71 p4 #bd4 #aej ,a4 ,h5ry1 8,! ,lolos & o!r ,tribes ( ,we/]n ,*9a10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxiii4 7#aijc7 p4 #ajc4 #aea ,pl9y1 ,nat4 ,hi/4 ii4 #bh4 ,m#dh ,mod]n ,european beliefs z to meteors4 ,v>i\s beliefs z to />s & meteors4 #aeb ,f4 ,panz]1 ,beitrag zur deuts*5 ,my?ologie1 ii4 #bic2 ,a4 ,kuhn und ,w4 ,s*w>tz1 ,norddeuts*e ,sag51 ,mr*5 und ,gebru*e1 p4 #deg1 #dbb2 ,e4 ,mei]1 ,deuts*e ,sag51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e aus ,s*wab51 p4 #ejf1 #cgi1 #chj4 #aec ,p4 ,sbillot1 ,traditions et sup]/itions de la ,haute-,bretagne1 ii4 #cec2 ,j4 ,haltri*1 ,zur ,volkskunde d] ,sieb5brg] ,sa*s5 7,vi5na1 #ahhe71 p4 #cjj2 ,w4 ,s*midt1 ,das ,jahr und se9e ,tage 9 ,me9ung und ,brau* d] ,romn5 ,sieb5brg5s1 p4 #ch2 ,e4 ,g]>d1 ,! ,l& beyond ! ,=e/1 i4 #caa2 ,j4 ,v4 ,grohmann1 ,ab]glaub5 und ,gebru*e aus ,bhm5 und ,mhr51 p4 #ca1 #afd2 ,br4 ,jelnek1 8,mat]iali5 zur ,vorges*i*te und ,volkskunde ,bhm5s10 ,mit!ilung5 d] an?ropologis*5 ,gesells*aft 9 ,wi51 xxi4 7#ahia7 p4 #be2 ,g4 ,f9amore1 ,cr$5ze1 usi e co/umi ,abruzzesi1 pp4 #dg sq42 ,m4 ,placucci1 ,usi e pregiudizj dei contad9i della ,romagna 7,pal]mo1 #ahhe71 p4 #ada2 ,holzmay]1 8,osiliana10 ,v]h&l4 d] gelehrt5 ,e/nis*5 ,gesells*aft zu ,dorpat1 vii4 7#ahgb7 p4 #dh4 ,! same belief is said to prevail 9 ,arm5ia4 ,see ,m9as ,t*raz1 8,notes sur la my?ologie armni5ne10 ,transactions ( ! ,n9? ,int]national ,congress ( ,ori5tali/s 7,london1 #ahic71 ii4 #hbd4 ,bret ,h>te has employ$ ! idea 9 8 little poem1 8,reliev+ ,gu>d40 #aed ,h4 ,lew1 8,d] ,tod und die ,be]digungs-gebru*e bei d5 polnis*5 ,jud510 ,mit!ilung5 d] an?ropologis*5 ,gesells*aft 9 ,wi51 xxxii4 7#aijb7 p4 #djb4 #aee ,a4 ,s*loss>1 8,volksme9ung und ,volksab]glaube aus d] deuts*5 ,/ei]m>k10 ,g]mania1 ,n4,r41 xxiv4 7#ahia7 p4 #chi4 #aef ,boecl]-,kreutzwald1 ,d] ,eh/5 ab]glubis*e ,gebru*e1 ,weis5 und ,gewohnheit5 7,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #ahed71 p4 #gc4 #aeg ,e4 ,monseur1 ,le ,folklore wallon1 p4 #fa2 ,a4 de ,nore1 ,c\tumes1 my!s et traditions des prov9ces de ,france1 pp4 #aja1 #afj1 #bbc1 #bfg1 #bhd2 ,b4 ,s\*1 ,croyances1 prsages et traditions div]ses1 p4 #bc2 ,p4 ,sbillot1 ,traditions et sup]/itions de la ,haute-,bretagne1 ii4 #ceb2 ,j4 ,lecur1 ,esquisses du bocage norm&1 ii4 #ac2 ,l4 ,p9eau1 ,folk-lore du ,poit\ 7,p>is1 #ahib71 pp4 #ebe sq4 #aeh ,l4 ,f4 ,sauv4 ,le ,folk-lore des ,hautes-,vosges 7,p>is1 #ahhi71 pp4 #aif sq4 #aei ,f4 ,*apiseau1 ,le ,folk-lore de la ,beauce et du ,p]*e 7,p>is1 #aijb71 i4 #bij2 ,g4 ,f9amore1 ,cr$5ze1 usi e co/umi ,abruzzesi 7,pal]mo1 #ahij71 p4 #dh4 #afj ,nor? ,indian ,notes & ,qu]ies1 i4 p4 #ajb1 #fgc4 ,comp>e id4 p4 #dg1 #cef2 ,indian ,notes & ,qu]ies1 iv4 p4 #ahd1 #fgd2 ,w4 ,crooke1 ,popul> ,religion & ,folklore ( ,nor!rn ,india 7,we/m9/]1 #ahif71 i4 #hb4 #afa ,w4 ,ellis1 ,polynesian ,rese>*es1#b iii4 #aga4 #afb ,maximilian ,pr9z zu ,wi$1 ,reise 9 das ,inn]e ,nord-,am]ica 7,cobl5z1 #ahci-ahda71 ii4 #aeb4 ,x does n1 h[ev]1 appe> f ! writ]'s /atem5t :e!r ! desc5t ( ! s\l 0 id5tifi$ ) ! flight ( a meteor or n4 #afc ,d4 ,c4 ,j4 ,ibbetson1 ,outl9es ( ,panjab ,e?nography 7,calcutta1 #ahhc71 p4 #aah1 #bca4 ,m#di ,! fall ( ! k+'s />4 ,m#ej ,reasons = limit+ a k+'s reign to eight ye>s4 ,! oct5nial cycle bas$ on an attempt to reconcile sol> & lun> "t4 #afd ,l4 ,idel]1 ,h&bu* d] ma!matis*5 und te*nis*5 ,*ronologie1 ii4 #fje sqq4 ,n9ety-n9e lun> mon?s ne>ly co9cide ) eight sol> ye>s1 z ! anci5ts well knew 7,sozom5us1 ,hi/oria ecclesia/ica1 vii4 #ah74 ,on ! religi\s & political import ( ! eight ye>s' cycle 9 anci5t ,greece see especially ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,or*om5us und die ,m9y]1#b pp4 #bac-bah2 id41 ,die ,dori]1#b i4 #bed sq41 #ccc sq41 #ddj1 ii4 #if1 #dhc2 id41 ,prolegom5a zu e9] wiss5s*aftli*5 ,my?ologie 7,gtt+51 #ahbe71 pp4 #dbb-dbd4 #afe 8,anci5t op9ion ev5 assign$ ! regulation ( ! cal5d> by ! sol/ices & equ9oxes to ! w ( ! gods t sacrifices %\ld be r5d]$ at simil> times 9 ea* ye>1 r ?an to ! /rict requirem5ts ( agriculture2 & z religion und\bt$ly makes l>g] dem&s on ! cultivator z agriculture advances1 ! obligations ( sacrifice may probably be reckon$ z ( equal importance ) agricultural necessities 9 urg+ ! =mation ( reckon+s 9 ! nature ( a cal5d>0 7,e4 ,j4 ,payne1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,new ,_w call$ ,am]ica1 ii4 #bhj74 ,m#ea ,! oct5nial cycle 9 relation to ! ,greek doctr9e ( rebir?4 #aff ,z to ! eight ye>s' s]vitude ( ,apollo & ,cadmus = ! slaught] ( dragons1 see bel[1 p4 #gh4 ,= ! n9e ye>s' p5ance ( ! man :o _h ta/$ human fle% at ! fe/ival ( ,zeus on ,m\nt ,lycaeus1 see ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 viii4 #ha sq42 ,augu/9e1 ,de civitate ,dei1 xviii4 #ag2 ,pausanias1 viii4 #b4 #f2 comp>e ,plato1 ,republic1 viii4 p4 #efe ,d ,e4 ,any god :o =swore himself by ! wat] ( ,/yx 0 exil$ = n9e ye>s f ! society ( 8 fell[-gods 7,hesiod1 ,!ogony1 #gic-hjd74 ,on ?is subject see fur!r1 ,e4 ,rohde1 ,psy*e1#c ii4 #baa sq42 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 8,die enneadis*5 und hebdomadis*5 ,fri/5 und ,wo*5 d] lte/5 ,grie*510 ,abh&lung5 d] philolog4-hi/or4 ,klasse d] ,knigl4 ,s*sis*5 ,gesells*aft d] ,wiss5s*aft51 xxi4 ,no4 #d 7#aijc71 pp4 #bd sqq4 #afg ,plato1 ,m5o1 p4 #ha ,a-,c2 ,p9d>1 ed4 ,boeckh1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #fbc sq41 ,frag4 #ih4 ,m#eb ,! oct5nial cycle at ,cnossus 9 ,crete4 ,k+ ,m9os & ,zeus4 ,sacr$ m>riage ( ! k+ & que5 ( ,cnossus 9 ! =m ( bull & c[ z symbols ( ! sun & moon4 #afh ,hom]1 ,odyssey1 xix4 #agh sq41 1 1 4 ) ! ,s*olia2 ,plato1 ,laws1 i4 ,i4 p4 #fbd ,a1 ,b2id4 ,m9os1 #ac sq41 pp4 #cai sq42 ,/rabo1 ix4 #d4 #h1 p4 #dgf2 ,maximus ,tyrius1 ,diss]t4 xxxviii4 #b2 ,etymologicum magnum1 s4v4 1 p4 #cdc1 #bc sqq42 ,val]ius ,maximus1 i4 #b1 ext4 ,i2 comp>e ,diodorus ,siculus1 v4 #gh4 #c4 ,hom]'s expression1 1 has be5 v>i\sly expla9$4 ,i foll[ ! int]pretation :i* appe>s to h g5]ally f\nd fav\r bo? ) ! anci5ts1 includ+ ,plato1 & ) mod]n s*ol>s4 ,see ,k4 ,hoeck1 ,kreta1 i4 #bdd sqq42 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1,die ,dori]1#b ii4 #if2 ,g4 ,f4 ,ung]1 8,zeitre*nung d] ,grie*5 und ,rm]10 9 ,ivan ,mll]'s ,h&bu* d] klassis*5 ,alt]tumswiss5s*aft1 i4 #efi2 ,a4 ,s*midt1 ,h&bu* d] grie*is*5 ,*ronologie 7,j5a1 #ahhh71 p4 #fe2 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 8,die enneadis*5 und hebdomadis*5 ,fri/5 und ,wo*5 d] lte/5 ,grie*510 ,abh&lung5 d] philolog4-hi/or4 ,klasse d] ,knigl4 ,s*sis*5 ,gesells*aft d] ,wiss5s*aft51 xxi4 ,no4 #d 7,leipsic1 #aijc71 pp4 #bb sq42 ,e4 ,rohde1 ,psy*e1#c i4 #abh sq4 ,lit]ally int]pret$1 means 8= n9e ye>s10 n 8= eight ye>s40 ,b see above1 p4 #ei1 note #a4 #afi ,apollodorus1 iii4 #a4 #c sq41 iii4 #ae4 #h2 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iv4 #gg2 ,s*ol4 on ,euripides1 ,hippolytus1 #hhg2 ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,*iliades1 i4 #dgi sqq42 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #dj2 ,virgil1 ,ecl4 vi4 #de sqq42 ,ovid1 ,ars amat4 i4 #bhi sqq4 #agj ,k4 ,hoeck1 ,kreta1 ii4 7,gtt+51 #ahbh7 pp4 #fc-fi2 ,l4 ,prell]1 ,grie*is*e ,my?ologie1#c ii4 #aai-abc2 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 b] ,sel5e mid ,v]w&tes 7,leipsic1 #ahij71 pp4 #ace-aci2 id41 ,na*trge zu me9] ,s*rift b] ,sel5e 7,leipsic1 #ahie71 p4 #c2 ,trk1 9 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]'s ,lexikon d] grie*4 und rm4 ,my?ologie1 iii4 #afff sq42 ,a4 ,j4 ,evans1 8,myc5aean ,tree & ,pill> ,cult10 ,j\rnal ( ,hell5ic ,/udies1 xxi4 7#aija7 p4 #aha2 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 8,zeus1 ,jupit]1 & ! ,oak10 ,classical ,review1 xvii4 7#aijc7 pp4 #djf-dab2 comp>e id41 8,! ,european ,sky-god10 ,folklore1 xv4 7#aijd7 p4 #bgb4 ,all ^! writ]s1 except ,mr4 ,cook1 reg>d ,m9os & ,pasiphae z repres5t+ ! sun & moon4 ,mr4 ,cook agrees s f> z relates to ,m9os1 b he supposes ,pasiphae to be a sky-goddess or sun-goddess r ?an a goddess ( ! moon4 ,on ! o!r h&1 he 0 ! fir/ to sugge/ t ! my? 0 p]iodically act$ by ! k+ & que5 ( ,cnossus disguis$ 9 bov9e =m4 #aga ,comp>e ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #cfh sq4 #agb ,bekk]'s ,anecdota ,graeca1 i4 #cdd1 s4v4 4 #agc ,eusebius1 ,praep>atio ,evangelii1 iii4 #ac4 #a sq42 ,diodorus ,siculus1 i4 #hd4 #d1 i4 #hh4 #d2 ,/rabo1 xvii4 #a4 #bb & #bg1 pp4 #hjc1 #hje2 ,aelian1 ,de natura animalium1 xi4 ,,ii2 ,suidas1 s4v4 2 ,ammianus ,m>cell9us1 xxii4 #ad4 #g2 ,a4 ,wi$emann1 ,h]odots ,zweites ,bu*1 p4 #eeb2 ,a4 ,erman1 ,die gyptis*e ,religion 7,b]l91 #aije71 p4 #bf2 ,e4 ,a4 ,wallis ,budge1 ,! ,gods ( ! ,egyptians 7,london1 #aijd71 i4 #ccj4 #agd ,e4 ,a4 ,wallis ,budge1 ,! ,gods ( ! ,egyptians1 i4 #be4 #age ,pausanias1 i4 #bf4 #a4 ,= a description ( ! sc5]y ( ?is coa/1 see ,morritt1 9 ,walpole's ,memoirs relat+ to ,european ,turkey1 i4#b p4 #ed4 #agf ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 b] ,sel5e und ,v]w&tes1 pp4 #cj-cc4 #agg ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #acj sqq4 ,we are told t ,egyptian sov]eigns assum$ ! masks ( lions1 bulls1 & s]p5ts z symbols ( p[] 7,diodorus ,siculus1 i4 #fb4 #d74 ,m#ec ,! same my? & cu/om ( ! m>riage ( ! sun & moon appe> 9 ! /ories ( ,zeus & ,europa1 ( ,m9os & ,britom>tis4 ,! conjunction ( ! sun & moon reg>d$ z ! be/ "t = m>riages4 ,oct5nial m>riage ( ! k+ & que5 z repres5tatives ( ! sun & moon4 #agh ,z to ,m9os & ,britom>tis or ,dictynna1 see ,callima*us1 ,hymn to ,diana1 #ahi sqq42 ,pausanias1 ii4 #cj4 #c2 ,anton9us ,lib]alis1 ,trans=m4 #dj2 ,diodorus ,siculus1 v4 #gf4 ,on ,britom>tis z a moon-goddess1 see ,k4 ,hoeck1 ,kreta1 ii4 #agj2 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 b] ,sel5e und ,v]w&tes1 pp4 #de sq41 #aaf-aah4 ,hoeck acutely p]ceiv$ t ! pursuit ( ,britom>tis by ,m9os 8is a trait ( old fe/ival cu/oms 9 :i* ! conceptions ( ! sun-god 7 transf]r$ to ! k+ ( ! isl&40 ,z to ! explanation "h adopt$ ( ! my? ( ,zeus & ,europa1 see ,k4 ,hoeck1 ,kreta1 i4 #ij sqq42 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 op4 cit4 pp4 #abh-ace4 ,mos*us describes 7ii4 #hd sqq47 ! bull :i* c>ri$ (f ,europa z yell[ 9 col\r ) a silv] circle %9+ on 8 =ehead1 & he comp>es ! bull's horns to ^? ( ! moon4 #agi ,see ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 op4 cit4 pp4 #gf-hb4 ,among/ ! passages ( classical writ]s :i* he cites are ,plut>*1 ,de facie 9 orbe lunae1 #cj2 id41 ,isis et ,osiris1 #eb2 ,cornutus1 ,!ologiae ,graecae comp5dium1 #cd1 p4 #gb1 ed4 ,c4 ,lang2 ,proclus1 on ,hesiod1 ,works & ,days1 #ghj2 ,macrobius1 ,comm5t>4 9 ,somnium ,scipionis1 i4 #ah4 #aj sq42 ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 ii4 #de4 ,:5 ! sun & moon 7 eclips$1 ! ,tahitians suppos$ t ! lum9>ies 7 9 ! act ( copulation 7,j4 ,wilson1 ,mission>y ,voyage to ! ,s\!rn ,pacific ,ocean 7,london1 #agii71 p4 #cdf74 ,m#ed ,oct5nial tribute ( y\?s & maid5s probably requir$ z a means ( r5ew+ ! sun's fire by human sacrifices4 ,! ,m9otaur a bull-head$ image ( ! sun4 #ahj ,plut>*1 ,!seus1 #ae sq42 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iv4 #fa2 ,pausanias1 i4 #bg4 #aj2 ,ovid1 ,metam4 viii4 #agj sq4 ,accord+ to ano!r acc\nt1 ! tribute ( y\?s & maid5s 0 paid e ye>4 ,see ,virgil1 ,a54 vi4 #ad sqq41 ) ! comm5t>y ( ,s]vius2 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #da4 #aha ,apollodorus1 i4 #i4 #bf2 ,apollonius ,rhodius1 ,argon4 iv4 #afch sqq41 ) ! s*olium2 ,aga?>*ides1 9 ,photius1 ,biblio!ca1 p4 #ddc;b1 l9es #bb-be1 ed4 ,bekk]2 ,lucian1 ,de saltatione1 #di2 ,z5obius1 v4 #he2 ,suidas1 s4v4 2 ,eu/a?ius on ,hom]1 ,odyssey1 xx4 #cjb1 p4 #ahic2 ,s*ol4 on ,plato1 ,republic1 i4 p4 #ccg;,a4 #ahb ,apollodorus1 i4 #i4 #bf4 #ahc ,hesy*ius1 s4v4 4 #ahd ,diodorus ,siculus1 xx4 #ad2 ,clit>*us1 cit$ by ,suidas1 s4v4 1 & by ! ,s*olia/ on ,plato1 ,republic1 p4 #ccg;,a2 ,plut>*1 ,de sup]/itione1 #ac2 ,paulus ,fagius1 quot$ by ,seld51 ,de dis ,syris 7,leipsic1 #affh71 pp4 #afi sq4 ,! calf's head ( ! idol is m5tion$ only by ,p4 ,fagius1 :o drew 8 acc\nt f a book ,jalkut by ,rabbi ,simeon4 #ahe ,comp>e ,m4 ,may]1 s4v4 8,kronos10 9 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]'s ,lexikon d4 grie*4 u4 rm4 ,my?ologie1 iii4 #aeja sqq4 #ahf ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,*iliades1 i4 #fdf sqq4 ,m#ee ,dance ( ! y\?s & maid5s at ,cnossus4 #ahg ,hom]1 ,iliad1 xviii4 #eij sqq4 #ahh ,plut>*1 ,!seus1 #ba2 ,julius ,pollux1 iv4 #aja4 ,m#ef ,! game ( ,troy4 #ahi ,z to ! ,game ( ,troy1 see ,virgil1 ,a54 v4 #ede-fjc2 ,plut>*1 ,cato1 #c2 ,tacitus1 ,annals1 xi4 #aa2 ,suetonius1 ,augu/us1 #dc2 id41 ,tib]ius1 #f2 id41 ,caligula1 #ah2 id41 ,n]o1 #f2 ,w4 ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ,greek & ,roman ,antiquities1#c s4v4 8,trojae ludus02 ,o4 ,b5ndorf1 8,das ,alt] des ,trojaspieles10 app5d$ to ,w4 ,rei*el's b] hom]is*e ,waff5 7,vi5na1 #ahid71 pp4 #acc-aci4 #aij ,o4 ,b5ndorf1 op4 cit4 pp4 #acc sq4 #aia ,b4 ,v4 ,head1 ,hi/oria numorum 7,ox=d1 #ahhg71 pp4 #chi-cia4 #aib ,o4 ,b5ndorf1 op4 cit4 pp4 #acd sq4 #aic ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 xxxvi4 #he4 #aid ,o4 ,b5ndorf1 op4 cit4 p4 #ace2 ,w4 ,mey]1 8,e9 ,labyr9? mit ,v]s510 ,sitzungsb]i*te d] philosoph4 philolog4 und hi/or4 ,classe d] k4 b4 ,akademie d] ,wiss5s*aft5 zu ,mn*51 #ahhb1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bfg-cjj4 ,m#eg ,! dance at ,cnossus p]haps an imitation ( ! sun's c\rse 9 ! sky4 #aie ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #cab4 #aif ,b4 ,v4 ,head1 ,hi/oria numorum1 p4 #chi4 ,m#eh ,conclusions z to ! k+ ( ,cnossus4 ,m#ei ,oct5nial fe/ivals ( ! ,cr[n+ at ,delphi & ! ,laurel-be>+ at ,!bes4 ,bo? repres5t$ dramatically ! slay+ ( a wat]-dragon4 #aig ,c5sor9us1 ,de die natali1 #ah4 #f4 #aih ,! sugge/ion 0 made by ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook4 ,! foll[+ discussion ( ! subject is f\nd$ on 8 +5i\s exposition4 ,see 8 article1 8,! ,european ,sky-god10 ,folklore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #djb-dbd4 #aii ,z to ! ,delphic fe/ival see ,plut>*1 ,quae/4 ,graec4 #ab2 id41 ,de defectu oraculorum1 #ae2 ,/rabo1 ix4 #c4 #ab1 pp4 #dbb sq42 ,aelian1 ,v>4 hi/4 iii4 #a2 ,/ephanus ,byzantius1 s4v4 2 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,die ,dori]1#b i4 #bjc sqq41 #cba-cbd2 ,aug4 ,momms51 ,delphika 7,leipsic1 #ahgh71 pp4 #bjf sqq42 ,?4 ,s*reib]1 ,apollo ,py?oktonos1 pp4 #i sqq42 my note on ,pausanias1 ii4 #g4 #g 7vol4 ii4 #ec sqq474 ,z to ! ,!ban fe/ival1 see ,pausanias1 ix4 #aj4 #d1 ) my note2 ,proclus1 quot$ by ,photius1 ,biblio!ca1 p4 #cba1 ed4 ,bekk]2 ,aug4 ,boeckh1 9 8 edition ( ,p9d>1 ,explicationes1 p4 #eij2 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,or*om5us und die ,m9y]1#b pp4 #bae sq42 id41 ,dori]1#b i4 #bcf sq41 #ccc sq42 ,c4 ,boetti*]1 ,d] ,baumkultus d] ,hell551 pp4 #chf sqq42 ,g4 ,f4 ,s*mann1 ,grie*is*e ,alt]?m]1#d ii4 #dgi sq4 #bjj ,apollodorus1 iii4 #d4 #b1 iii4 #aj4 #d2 ,s]vius1 on ,virgil1 ,a54 vii4 #gfa4 ,! s]vitude ( ,apollo is traditionally associat$ ) 8 slaught] ( ! ,cyclopes1 n ( ! dragon4 ,b see my note on ,pausanias1 ii4 #g4 #g 7vol4 ii4 pp4 #ec sqq474 #bja ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]'s ,lexikon d4 grie*4 und rm4 ,my?ologie1 ii4 #hcj1 #hch1 #hci4 ,on an ,etruscan mirror ! sc5e ( ,cadmus's combat ) ! dragon is surr\nd$ by a wrea? ( laurel 7,ros*]1 op4 cit4 ii4 #hfb74 ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook 0 ! fir/ to call att5tion to ^! vase-pa9t+s 9 confirmation ( my view t ! ,fe/ival ( ! ,laurel-be>+ celebrat$ ! de/ruction ( ! dragon by ,cadmus 7,folklore1 xv4 7#aijd7 p4 #daa1 note #bbd74 #bjb ,pausanias1 ix4 #aj4 #b2 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,die ,dori]1#b i4 #bcg sq4 #bjc ,= evid5ce ( ! wide diffusion ( ! my? & ! drama1 see ,?4 ,s*reib]1 ,apollon ,py?oktonos1 pp4 #ci-ej4 ,! ,laurel-be>+ ,apollo 0 wor%ipp$ at ,a!ns1 z we "k f an inscription c>v$ on "o ( ! seats 9 ! !atre4 ,see ,e4 ,s4 ,rob]ts & ,e4 ,a4 ,g>dn]1 ,introduction to ,greek ,epigraphy1 ii4 7,cambridge1 #aije7 p4 #dfg1 ,no4 #bdg4 ,m#fj ,bo? at ,delphi & at ,!bes ! dragon seems to h gu>d$ ! oracul> spr+ & ! oracul> tree4 ,! cr[n ( laurel & ! cr[n ( oak4 ,! ,fe/ival ( ,cr[n+ at ,delphi orig9ally id5tical ) ! ,py?ian games4 #bjd ,apollodorus1 iii4 #d4 #c2 ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #did2 ,pausanias1 ix4 #aj4 #e2 ,hom]ic ,hymn to ,apollo1 #cjj sq4 ,! writ] ( ! ,hom]ic hymn m]ely says t ,apollo slew ! ,delphic dragon at a spr+2 b ,pausanias 7x4 #f4 #f7 tells u t ! bea/ gu>d$ ! oracle4 #bje ,pausanias1 x4 #h4 #i1 x4 #bd4 #g1 ) my notes2 ,ovid1 ,amores1 i4 #ae4 #ce sq42 ,lucian1 ,jupit] trago$us1 #cj2 ,nonnus1 ,dionys4 iv4 #cji sq42 ,suidas1 s4v4 4 #bjf ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 ,lexikon d4 grie*4 u4 rm4 ,my?ologie1 ii4 #hcj1 #hch4 #bjg ,euripides1 ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris1 #abde sq41 :]e ! read+ is cle>ly corrupt4 #bjh ,lucian1 ,bis accusatus1 ,i4 ,s ! prie/ ( ! ,cl>ian ,apollo at ,colophon drank ( a secret spr+ be=e he utt]$ oracles 9 v]se 7,tacitus1 ,annals1 ii4 #ed2 ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 ii4 #bcb74 #bji ,euripides1 ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris1 #abde sqq42 ,apollodorus1 i4 #d4 ,i2 ,pausanias1 x4 #f4 #f2 ,aelian1 ,v>4 hi/4 iii4 i2 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #adj2 ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #eai2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,py?4 ,argum5t1 p4 #bih1 ed4 ,boeckh4 #baj ,euripides1 ,h]cules ,fur5s1 #cie sqq42 ,apollodorus1 ii4 #e4 ,,ii2 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iv4 #bf2 ,erato/h5es1 ,cata/]ism4 #c2 ,s*ol4 on ,euripides1 ,hippolytus1 #gdb2 ,s*ol4 on ,apollonius ,rhodius1 ,argon1 iv4 #acif4 #baa ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 8,! ,european ,sky-god10 ,folklore1 xv4 7#aijd7 p4 #dac4 #bab ,ovid1 ,metam4 i4 #ddh sqq4 #bac ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,protrept4 i4 ,i1 p4 #b1 & ii4 #cd1 p4 #bi1 ed4 ,pott]2 ,ari/otle1 ,peplos1 ,frag4 7,fragm5ta hi/oricorum ,graecorum1 ii4 p4 #ahi1 ,no4 #bhb1 ed4 ,c4 ,mll]72 ,john ( ,antio*1 ,frag4 i4 #bj 7,frag4 hi/or4 ,graec4 iv4 p4 #eci1 ed4 ,c4 ,mll]72 ,jambli*us1 ,de ,py?agor4 vit4 x4 #eb2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,py?4 ,argum4 p4 #bih1 ed4 ,boeckh2 ,ovid1 ,metam4 i4 #dde sqq42 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #adj4 #bad ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 l4c42 ,c5sor9us1 ,de die natali1 #ah4 #f2 comp>e ,eu/a?ius on ,hom]1 ,od4 iii4 #bfg1 p4 #adff4 #bi4 #bae ,plut>*1 ,de defectu oraculorum1 #c1 comp>$ ) id4 #ae2 ,aug4 ,momms51 ,delphika1 pp4 #baa1 #bad2 ,?4 ,s*reib]1 ,apollon ,py?oktonos 7,leipsic1 #ahgi71 pp4 #cb sqq4 #baf ,aelian1 ,v>4 hi/4 iii4 ,i2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 l4c4 #bag ,on ! orig9al id5tity ( ! fe/ivals see ,?4 ,s*reib]1 ,apollon ,py?oktonus1 pp4 #cg sq42 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 9 ,folklore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #djd sq4 #bah ,! inf]5ce 0 drawn by ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 :om ,i foll[4 ,see 8 article1 8,! ,european ,sky-god10 ,folk-lore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #dab sqq4 ,m#fa ,sub/itution ( ! laurel = ! oak4 #bai ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 i4 p4 #h4 #bbj ,aelian1 ,v>4 hi/4 iii4 #a2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,py?4 ,argum4 p4 #bih1 ed4 ,boeckh4 #bba ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 8,! ,european ,sky-god10 ,folk-lore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #dbc sq4 #bbb ,pausanias1 ix4 #c4 #d4 ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #adj4 ,m#fb ,hypo!sis ( oct5nial k+s at ,delphi & ,!bes1 :o p]sonat$ dragons or s]p5ts4 ,animals sacr$ to royal families4 ,greek /ories ( ! trans=mation ( gods into bea/s po9t to a cu/om ( a sacr$ m>riage 9 :i* ! actors masqu]ad$ z animals4 #bbc ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 8,! ,european ,sky-god10 ,folk-lore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #djb sqq4 ,m#fc ,analogy ( ! ,wolf ,society ( ,arcadia to ! ,leop>d ,society ( we/ ,africa4 #bbd ,plato1 ,republic1 viii4 p4 #efe ,d ,e2 ,polybius1 vii4 #ac2 ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 viii4 #ha2 ,v>ro1 cit$ by ,augu/9e1 ,de civitate ,dei1 xviii4 #ag2 ,pausanias1 vi4 #h4 #b1 viii4 #b4 #c-f4 #bbe ,m>y ,h4 ,k+sley1 ,travels 9 ,we/ ,africa1 pp4 #ecf-edc2 ,t4 ,j4 ,alldridge1 ,! ,%]bro & its ,h9t]l& 7,london1 #aija71 pp4 #aec-aei2 comp>e ,r4 ,h4 ,nassau1 ,feti*ism 9 ,we/ ,africa 7,london1 #aijd71 pp4 #bjj-bjc4 #bbf ,t4 ,j4 ,alldridge1 op4 cit4 p4 #aed4 #bbg ,a4 ,ba/ian1 ,die deuts*e ,exp$ition an d] ,loango-,k/e1 ii4 #bdh4 ,m#fd ,leg5d ( ! trans=mation ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia into s]p5ts4 ,transmigration ( ! s\ls ( ! dead into s]p5ts4 ,k+s claim k9%ip ) ! mo/ p[]ful animals4 #bbh ,apollodorus1 iii4 #e4 #d2 ,/rabo1 vii4 #g4 #h1 p4 #cbf2 ,ovid1 ,metam4 iv4 #efc-fjc2 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #f2 ,nic&]1 ,!riaca1 #fjg sqq4 #bbi ,a4 van ,g5nep1 ,tab\ et totmisme ,madagasc> 7,p>is1 #aijd71 p4 #cbf4 #bcj ,d]cylus1 quot$ by a s*olia/ on ,euripides1 ,pho5issae1 #g2 ,fragm5ta hi/oricorum ,graecorum1 ed4 ,c4 ,mll]1 iv4 #chg4 ,! writ] rationalises ! leg5d by repres5t+ ! dragon z a ,!ban man ( t "n :om ,cadmus slew4 ,on ! !ory "h sugge/$ ?is ,euhem]i/ic v]sion ( ! /ory is sub/antially "r4 #bca ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #bfh sqq4 #bcb ,david ,leslie1 ,among ! ,zulus & ,amatongas1 ,second ,edition 7,ed9burgh1 #ahge71 p4 #bac4 ,comp>e ,h4 ,callaway1 ,! ,religi\s ,sy/em ( ! ,amazulu1 ,"p ,,ii41 pp4 #aif1 #baa4 #bcc ,see ,adonis1 ,attis1 ,osiris1 ,second ,edition1 pp4 #gc sqq4 #bcd ,d4 ,liv+/one1 ,mission>y ,travels & ,rese>*es 9 ,s\? ,africa1 p4 #fae2 ,miss ,a4 ,w]n]1 ,! ,natives ( ,briti% ,c5tral ,africa 7,london1 #aijf71 p4 #fd2 ,l4 ,decle1 ,?ree ,ye>s 9 ,savage ,africa 7,london1 #ahih71 p4 #gd2 ,j4 ,roscoe1 8,! ,bahima10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxvii4 7#aijg7 pp4 #aja sq42 ,major ,j4 ,a4 ,meldon1 8,notes on ! ,bahima10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,african ,society1 ,no4 #bb 7,janu>y1 #aijg71 pp4 #aea-aec2 ,j4 ,a4 ,*i%olm1 8,notes on ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,w9amwanga & ,wiwa10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,african ,society1 ,no4 #cf 7,july1 #aiaj71 pp4 #cgd1 #cge2 ,p4 ,alois ,hamb]g]1 9 ,an?ropos1 v4 7#aiaj7 p4 #hjb4 #bce ,w4 ,w4 ,skeat & ,c4 ,o4 ,blagd51 ,pagan ,races ( ! ,malay ,p59sula 7,london1 #aijf71 ii4 #aid1 #aig1 #bba1 #bbg1 #cje4 #bcf ,a4 ,b4 ,ellis1 ,! ,ewe-speak+ ,peoples ( ! ,slave ,coa/1 pp4 #gd sq4 #bcg ,?is ,i le>n$ f ,pr(essor ,f4 von ,lus*an 9 ! ,an?ropological ,museum at ,b]l94 #bch ,m4 ,delafosse1 9 ,la ,nature1 ,no4 #ajhf 7,m>* #bd?1 #ahid71 pp4 #bfb-bff2 ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]1 8,/atues ( ,?ree ,k+s ( ,dahomey10 ,man1 viii4 7#aijh7 pp4 #acj-acb4 ,k+ ,behanz91 surnam$ ! ,%>k1 is d\btless ! ,k+ ( ,dahomey ref]r$ to by ,pr(essor von ,lus*an 7see ! prec$+ note74 #bci ,! /atue 0 po9t$ out to me & expla9$ by ,pr(essor ,f4 von ,lus*an4 #bdj ,a4 ,b4 ,ellis1 ,! ,t%i-speak+ ,peoples ( ! ,gold ,coa/1 pp4 #bje sq4 #bda #b ,k+s xviii4 #d4 #bdb ,w4 ,rob]tson ,smi?1 8,animal ,wor%ip & ,animal ,tribes10 ,j\rnal ( ,philology1 ix4 7#ahhj7 pp4 #ii sq4 ,pr(essor ,t4 ,k4 ,*eyne pref]s to suppose t ! braz5 s]p5t & ! braz5 8sea0 9 ! temple at ,j]usalem 7 borr[$ f ,babylon & repres5t$ ! great dragon1 ! imp]sonation ( ! primaeval wat]y *aos4 ,see ,encyclopa$ia ,biblica1 s4v4 8,nehu%tan10 vol4 i4 coll4 #cchg4 ,! two views are p]haps n :olly irreconcilable4 ,see bel[1 pp4 #aaa sq4 ,m#fe ,! s]p5t ! royal animal at ,a!ns & ,salamis4 #bdc ,h]odotus1 viii4 #da2 ,plut>*1 ,!mi/ocles1 #aj2 ,ari/ophanes1 ,lysi/rata1 #geh sq41 ) ! ,s*olium2 ,philo/ratus1 ,imag9es1 ii4 #ag4 #f4 ,"s said t !re 7 two s]p5ts 1,hesy*ius & ,photius1 ,lexicon1 s4v4 4 ,= ! id5tity ( ! s]p5t ) ,eri*?onius1 see ,pausanias1 i4 #bd4 #g2 ,hyg9us1 ,a/ronomica1 ii4 #ac2 ,t]tullian1 ,de spectaculis1 #i2 comp>e ,philo/ratus1 ,vit4 ,apoll4 vii4 #bd2 & = ! id5tity ( ,eri*?onius & ,ere*!us1 see ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #edg2 ,etymologicum magnum1 p4 #cga1 s4v4 4 ,accord+ to "s1 ! upp] "p ( ,eri*?onius 0 human & ! l[] "p or only ! feet s]p5t9e4 ,see ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #aff2 id41 ,a/ronomica1 ii4 #ac2 ,s*ol4 on ,plato1 ,timaeus1 p4 #bc ,d2 ,etymologicum magnum1 l4c42 ,s]vius on ,virgil1 ,georg4 iii4 #ac4 ,see fur!r my notes on ,pausanias i4 #ah4 #b & i4 #bf4 #e1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #afh sqq41 #ccj sqq4 #bdd ,apollodorus1 iii4 #ad4 i2 ,ari/ophanes1 ,wasps1 #dch4 ,comp>e ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,*iliades1 v4 #fda4 #bde ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 ,lexikon d4 grie*4 und rm4 ,my?ologie1 ii4 #ajai4 ,comp>e ,euripides1 ,ion1 #aafc sqq4 #bdf ,o4 ,immis*1 9 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]'s ,lexikon d4 grie*4 und rm4 ,my?ologie1 ii4 #ajbc4 #bdg ,apollodorus1 iii4 #ab4 #g2 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iv4 #gb2 ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,s*ol4 on ,lycophron1 #aaj1 #age1 #dea4 #bdh ,pausanias1 i4 #cf4 #a4 ,ano!r v]sion ( ! /ory 0 t ,cy*reus br$ a snake :i* ravag$ ! isl& & 0 driv5 out by ,eurylo*us1 aft] :i* ,demet] receiv$ ! creature at ,eleusis z "o ( h] att5dants 7,hesiod1 quot$ by ,/rabo1 ix4 #a4 #i1 p4 #cic74 #bdi ,/ephanus ,byzantius1 s4v4 2 ,eu/a?ius1 ,comm5t>y on ,dionysius1 #ejg1 9 ,geographi ,graeci m9ores1 ed4 ,c4 ,mll]1 ii4 #cad4 #bej ,hesy*ius1 s4v4 2 ,a!nagoras1 ,supplicatio pro ,*ri/ianis1 #a2 ,plut>*1 ,vit4 ,x4 ,orat4 p4 #hdc ,b ,c2 ,corpus inscriptionum ,attic>um1 i4 ,no4 #chg1 iii4 ,nos4 #bgf1 #hje2 comp>e ,pausanias1 i4 #bf4 #e4 #bea ,apollodorus1 iii4 #ad4 #a2 ,h]odotus1 viii4 #ee2 comp>e ,pausanias1 viii4 #aj4 #d4 ,m#ff ,! w$d+ ( ,cadmus & ,h>monia at ,!bes may h be5 a dramatic repres5tation ( ! m>riage ( ! sun & moon at ! end ( ! eight ye>s' cycle4 #beb ,see above1 p4 #gc4 #bec ,apollodorus1 iii4 #d4 #a sq42 ,pausanias1 ix4 #ab4 #a sq42 ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #did2 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #agh4 ,! m>k ( ! moon on ! c[ is m5tion$ only by ,pausanias & ,hyg9us4 #bed ,apollodorus1 iii4 #d4 #b2 ,euripides1 ,pho5issae1 #hbb sq42 ,p9d>1 ,py?4 iii4 #aee sqq42 ,diodorus ,siculus1 v4 #di4 #a2 ,pausanias1 iii4 #ah4 #ab1 ix4 #ab4 #c2 ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #did4 ,m#fg ,?is !ory confirm$ by ! a/ronomical symbols c>ri$ by ! ,laurel-be>] at ! oct5nial fe/ival ( ,laurel-be>+4 ,! ,olympic fe/ival seems to h be5 bas$ on ! oct5nial cycle4 ,my?ical m>riage ( ! sun & moon at ,olympia4 #bee ,proclus1 quot$ by ,photius1 ,biblio!ca1 p4 #cba1 ed4 ,bekk]4 #bef ,proclus1 l4c4 #beg ,p9d>1 ,py?4 iii4 #aee sqq42 ,diodorus ,siculus1 v4 #di4 #a2 ,pausanias1 ix4 #ab4 #c2 ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #did4 #beh ,s*ol4 on ,euripides1 ,pho5issae1 #g scil4 4 ,accord+ to ! ,samo?racian acc\nt1 ,cadmus 9 seek+ ,europa came to ,samo?race1 & !re1 hav+ be5 initiat$ into ! my/]ies1 m>ri$ ,h>monia 7,diodorus ,siculus1 v4 #dh sq474 ,x is probable1 ?\gh x _c be prov$1 t ! leg5d 0 act$ 9 ! my/ic rites4 #bei ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #acc4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,cook has sugge/$ t ! c5tral sc5e on ! ea/]n frieze ( ! ,p>!non repres5ts ! k+ & que5 ( ,a!ns ab\t to take _! places among ! en?ron$ deities4 ,see 8 article 8,zeus1 ,jupit]1 & ! ,oak10 ,classical ,review1 xviii4 7#aijd7 p4 #cga4 ,z ! sc5es on ! frieze appe> to h be5 copi$ f ! ,pana!naiac fe/ival1 x w\ld seem1 on ,mr4 ,cook's hypo!sis1 t ! sacr$ m>riage ( ! ,k+ & ,que5 0 celebrat$ on t occasion 9 pres5ce ( actors :o play$ ! p>ts ( gods & goddesses4 ,9 ?is connexion x may n be amiss to rememb] t 9 ! ea/]n gable ( ! ,p>!non ! pursuit ( ! moon by ! sun 0 my?ically repres5t$ by ! horses ( ! sun em]g+ f ! sea on ! "o side1 & ! horses ( ! moon plung+ into x on ! o!r4 #bfj ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,olymp4 iii4 #ce 7#bj74 #bfa ,comp>e ,aug4 ,boeckh1 on ,p9d>1 l4c41 ,explicationes1 p4 #ach2 ,l4 ,idel]1 ,h&bu* d] ma!matis*5 und te*nis*5 ,*ronologie1 i4 #cff sq42 ,g4 ,f4 ,ung]1 8,zeitre*nung d] ,grie*5 und ,rm]10 9 ,iwan ,mll]'s ,h&bu* d] classis*5 ,alt]tumswiss5s*aft1 i4 #fje sq4 ,all ^! writ]s recognise ! oct5nial cycle at ,olympia4 #bfb ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,die ,dori]1#b ii4 #dhc2 comp>e id4 i4 #bed sq4 #bfc ,pausanias1 v4 #a4 #d4 #bfd ,aug4 ,boeckh1 l4c42 ,a4 ,s*midt1 ,h&bu* d] grie*is*5 ,*ronologie 7,j5a1 #ahhh71 pp4 #ej sqq42 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,die ,dori]1#b i4 #dch2 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 ,sel5e und ,v]w&tes1 pp4 #b sq41 #hj sq41 #aja4 #bfe ,see ,aug4 ,boeckh & ,l4 ,idel]1 ll4cc4 ,m rec5t writ]s w\ld date x on ! second full moon aft] ! summ] sol/ice1 h5ce 9 ,augu/ or ! la/ days ( ,july4 ,see ,g4 ,f4 ,ung]1 l4c42 ,e4 ,f4 ,bis*(f1 8,de fa/is ,graecorum antiquioribus10 ,leipzig] ,/udi5 zur classis*5 ,philologie1 vii4 7#ahhd7 pp4 #cdg sq42 ,aug4 ,momms51 b] die ,zeit d] ,olympi5 7,leipsic1 #ahia72 & my note on ,pausanias1 v4 #i4 #c 7vol4 iii4 pp4 #dhh sq474 ,m#fh ,! ,olympic victors1 male & female1 may orig9ally h repres5t$ ,zeus & ,h]a or ! ,sun & ,moon1 & h reign$ z div9e k+ & que5 = f\r or eight ye>s4 #bff ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 8,! ,european ,sky-,god10 ,folk-lore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #cih-djb4 #bfg ,rapp1 9 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]'s ,lexikon d4 grie*4 und rm4 ,my?ologie1 i4 #bjje sqq4 #bfh ,pausanias1 v4 #ae4 #c1 ) my note2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,olymp4 iii4 #fj4 #bfi ,pausanias1 v4 #aa4 #a4 #bgj ,pausanias1 v4 #af4 #b sqq4 #bga ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #adc4 #bgb ,pausanias1 v4 #af4 #d4 #bgc ,_m ye>s aft] ! !ory 9 ! text 0 pr9t$ 7= ! pres5t volume has be5 long 9 ! press7 ,i accid5tally le>n$ t my fri5d ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,corn=d1 ,fell[ & ,lectur] ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge1 _h q indep5d5tly arriv$ at a simil> conclusion ) reg>d to ! my?ical & dramatic p>ts play$ by ! ,olympic victors1 male & female1 z repres5tatives ( ! ,sun & ,moon1 & ,i _h ! pleasure ( he>+ him exp\nd ! !ory 9 a brilliant lecture deliv]$ be=e ! ,classical ,society ( ,cambridge1 #bh? ,febru>y #aiaa4 ,! co9cid5ce ( two indep5d5t enquir]s 9 conclusions1 :i* c h>dly be call$ obvi\s1 seems to furni% a c]ta9 confirmation ( _! tru?4 ,9 ,mr4 ,corn=d's case ! !ory 9 "q =ms "p ( a m elaborate & compreh5sive hypo!sis z to ! orig9 ( ! ,olympic games1 conc]n+ :i* ,i mu/ = ! pres5t susp5d my judgm5t4 #bgd ,h]odian1 v4 #f4 #c-e4 ,m#fi ,tradition t ! great games ( ,greece orig9at$ 9 fun]al celebrations4 #bge ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,protrept4 ii4 #cd1 p4 #bi1 ed4 ,pott]4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( fun]al games is bas$ on my note on ,pausanias i4 #dd4 #h 7vol4 ii4 pp4 #edi sq474 ,comp>e ,w4 ,ridgeway1 ,! ,orig9 ( ,trag$y 7,cambridge1 #aiaj71 pp4 #cb sqq4 #bgf ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 l4c4 #bgg ,pausanias1 v4 #ac4 #a sq4 #bgh ,s*olia/ on ,p9d>1 ,olymp4 i4 #adf4 #bgi ,v>ro1 cit$ by ,s]vius1 on ,virgil1 ,a54 iii4 #fg4 #bhj ,f4 ,bonney1 8,on "s ,cu/oms ( ! ,aborig9es ( ! ,riv] ,d>l+10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xiii4 7#ahhd7 pp4 #acd sq42 ,sp5c] & ,gill51 ,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 pp4 #ejg1 #eji sq42 7,sir7 ,g4 ,grey1 ,j\rnals ( ,two ,exp$itions ( ,discov]y 9 ,nor?-,we/ & ,we/]n ,au/ralia 7,london1 #ahda71 ii4 #ccb4 #bha ,reports ( ! ,cambridge ,an?ropological ,exp$ition to ,torres ,/raits1 vi4 7,cambridge1 #aijh7 pp4 #ace1 #aed4 #bhb ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #gd2 ,apollodorus1 iii4 #f4 #d2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,py?41 ,introduction2 ,pausanias1 ii4 #ae4 #b sq42 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,protrept4 ii4 #cd1 p4 #bi1 ed4 ,pott]4 #bhc ,s*olia/ on ,p9d>1 ,i/hm41 ,introduction1 p4 #ead1 ed4 ,boeckh2 ,pausanias1 i4 #dd4 #h2 ,apollodorus1 iii4 #d4 #c2 ,z5obius1 iv4 #ch2 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 l4c42 ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,s*olia on ,lycophron1 #ajg1 #bbi2 ,s*olia on ,euripides1 ,m$ea1 #abhd2 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #b4 #bhd ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 l4c42 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #adj4 ,m#gj ,! tradition is confirm$ by ,greek practice1 = 9 hi/orical times games 7 in/itut$ to d hon\r to _m fam\s m5 9 ,greece4 #bhe ,hom]1 ,iliad1 xxiii4 #bee sqq41 #fbi sqq41 #fea sqq4 #bhf ,h]odotus1 vi4 #ch4 #bhg ,pausanias1 iii4 #ad4 #a4 #bhh ,plut>*1 ,de s]a num9is v9dicta1 #ag4 #bhi ,?ucydides1 v4 #aj sq4 #bij ,plut>*1 ,timoleon1 #ci4 #bia ,aulus ,gellius1 x4 #ah4 #e sq4 #bib ,arrian1 vii4 #ad4 #aj4 ,m#ga ,! ,greeks also in/itut$ games 9 hon\r ( l>ge numb]s ( m5 :o _h p]i%$ 9 battle or a massacre4 #bic ,h]odotus1 i4 #afg4 #bid ,plut>*1 ,ari/ides1 #ba2 ,/rabo1 ix4 #b4 #ca1 p4 #dab2 ,pausanias1 ix4 #b4 #e sq4 #bie ,philo/ratus1 ,vit4 ,sophi/4 ii4 #cj2 ,heliodorus1 ,ae?iopica1 i4 #ag2 comp>e ,ari/otle1 ,con/itution ( ,a!ns1 #eh4 ,m#gb ,fun]al games h be5 celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead by o!r peoples bo? 9 anci5t & mod]n times4 #bif ,h]odotus1 v4 #h4 #big ,livy1 xxiii4 #cj4 #ae4 #bih ,livy1 xxxi4 #ej4 #d4 #bii ,livy1 xxxix4 #df4 #b sq4 #cjj ,c5sus ( ,india1 #aija1 vol4 iii41 ,! ,&aman & ,nicob> ,isl&s1 by ,lieut4-,col4 ,sir ,ri*>d ,c4 ,temple 7,calcutta1 #aijc71 p4 #bji4 #cja ,lett] ( ! mission>y ,*evron1 9 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 xv4 7#ahdc7 pp4 #dj sq4 #cjb 4 ,aymoni]1 ,voyage dans le ,laos 7,p>is1 #ahie-ahig71 ii4 #cbe sq42 ,c4 ,bock1 ,temples & ,elephants 7,london1 #ahhd71 p4 #bfb4 #cjc ,a4 de ,lev*9e1 ,description des hommes et des /eppes des ,kirghiz-,kazaks ou ,kirghiz-,kaisaks 7,p>is1 #ahdj71 pp4 #cfg sq42 ,h4 ,vamb]y1 ,das ,trk5volk 7,leipsic1 #ahhe71 p4 #bee2 ,p4 von ,/591 8,die ,kirgis5 des ,kreises ,saissanak im ,gebiete von ,ssemipalat9sk10 ,globus1 lxix4 7#aijf7 p4 #bbh4 #cjd ,t4 de ,pauly1 ,description e?nographique des peuples de la ,russie 7,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #ahfb71 ,peuples ouralo-altaques1 p4 #bi4 #cje ,*>levoix1 ,hi/oire de la ,n\velle ,france 7,p>is1 #agdd71 vi4 #aaa4 ,m#gc ,fun]al games among ! ,b$\9s & among ! peoples ( ! ,caucasus4 #cjf ,i4 ,goldzih]1 ,muhamm$anis*e ,/udi5 7,halle a4 ,s41 #ahhh-ahij71 ii4 #cbh sq4 ,h[ev]1 ,pr(4 ,goldzih] believes t ! fe/ival is an anci5t hea!n "o :i* has be5 subsequ5tly graft$ ^u ! tradition ( ! or?odox prophet ,salih4 #cjg ,j4 ,potocki1 ,voyage dans les /eps d',a/rakhan et du ,caucase 7,p>is1 #ahbi71 i4 #bge sq42 ,edmund ,sp5c]1 ,travels 9 ,circassia1 ,krim ,t>t>y1 etc4 7,london1 #ahcf7 ii4 #cii4 #cjh ,g4 ,radde1 ,die ,*ews'ur5 und ihr ,l& 7,cassel1 #ahgh71 pp4 #ie sq42 ,pr9ce ,eri/[1 8,die ,ps*aw5 und ,*ewsuri] im ,kaukasus10 ,zeits*rift fr allgeme9e ,erdkunde1 ,neue ,folge1 ii4 7#aheg7 p4 #gg4 #cji ,c4 v4 ,hahn1 8,religise ,ans*auung5 und ,tot5g$*tnisfei] d] ,*ewsur510 ,globus1 lxxvi4 7#ahii7 pp4 #baa sq4 #caj ,n4 v4 ,seidlitz1 8,die ,ab*as510 ,globus1 lxvi4 7#ahid7 pp4 #db sq4 ,m#gd ,games p]iodically held 9 hon\r ( "s fam\s man might 9 "t assume ! "* ( a great fair4 ,! great ,iri% fairs ( ,taillt9 & ,c>man1 9 :i* horse-races play$ a prom95t "p1 are said to h be5 in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead4 #caa 7,sir7 ,john ,rhys1 ,celtic ,hea!ndom 7,london1 #ahhh71 pp4 #dji sq42 ,h4 d',arbois de ,juba9ville1 ,c\rs de littrature celtique1 vii4 7,p>is1 #ahie7 pp4 #cji sqq42 ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 ,social ,hi/ory ( ,anci5t ,irel& 7,london1 #aijc71 ii4 #dch sqq4 8,! a5a* or fair 0 an assembly ( ! p ( e grade )\t di/9ction2 x 0 ! mo/ common k9d ( l>ge public meet+1 & its ma9 object 0 ! celebration ( games1 a?letic ex]cises1 sports1 & pa/imes ( all k9ds0 7,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 op4 cit4 ii4 #dch74 ,! ,iri% "n is ,tailltiu1 g5itive ,taillt51 accusative & dative ,taillt9 7,sir ,j4 ,rhys1 op4 cit4 p4 #dji note #a74 #cab 7,sir7 ,john ,rhys1 ,celtic ,hea!ndom1 p4 #daa2 ,h4 d',arbois de ,juba9ville1 ,c\rs de littrature celtique1 vii4 #cac sqq42 ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 ,social ,hi/ory ( ,anci5t ,irel&1 ii4 #dcd sq41 #dda sqq4 ,m#ge ,inde$ mo/ ( ! great ,iri% fairs are said to h orig9at$ 9 fun]al games4 #cac ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 op4 cit4 ii4 #dce4 #cad ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 op4 cit4 ii4 #dcd4 ,comp>e 7,sir7 ,j4 ,rhys1 ,celtic ,hea!ndom1 p4 #daa4 #cae ,h4 d',arbois de ,juba9ville1 ,c\rs de littrature celtique1 vii4 #cac4 #caf ,h4 d',arbois de ,juba9ville1 op4 cit4 vii4 #caj4 ,m#gf ,! great ,iri% fairs 7 held on ! fir/ ( ,augu/ 7,lammas71 :i* seems to h be5 an old h>ve/ fe/ival ( fir/-fruits4 #cag ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 op4 cit4 ii4 #chi1 #dci4 #cah 7,sir7 ,j4 ,rhys1 ,celtic ,hea!ndom1 p4 #daj4 #cai 7,sir7 ,j4 ,rhys1 ,celtic ,hea!ndom1 pp4 #daa sq41 quot+ ! sub/ance ( a note by ,?os4 ,he>ne1 9 8 edition ( ,rob]t ( ,gl\ce/]'s ,*ronicles 7,ox=d1 #agbd71 p4 #fgi4 ,z to ! d]ivation ( ! ^w see ,new ,engli% ,diction>y 7,ox=d1 #ahhh- 7 & ,w4 ,w4 ,skeat1 ,etymological ,diction>y ( ! ,engli% ,language 7,ox=d1 #aiaj71 s4v4 8,lammas40 #cbj ,see above1 p4 #ajj4 #cba ,see ,! ,gold5 ,b\gh1 ,second ,edition1 ii4 #dei sqq4 #cbb ,see ,! ,gold5 ,b\gh1 ,second ,edition1 ii4 #dfj1 #dfc1 #dfd sq4 ,m#gg ,if ! great ,iri% fairs 7 in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 we c und]/& :y _! obs]vance 0 suppos$ to ensure pl5ty ( corn1 fruit1 milk1 & fi%4 #cbc ,see above1 pp4 #ad sqq41 #ba1 #bg1 #cc1 #cf sq4 #cbd ,see above1 p4 #ih4 #cbe ,see above1 p4 #ic4 ,m#gh ,b ! !ory ( ! fun]al orig9 ( ! ,olympic games does n expla9 all ! leg5ds connect$ ) !m4 ,sugge/$ !ory ( ! orig9 ( ! ,olympic games4 #cbf ,pausanias1 v4 #a4 #d1 v4 #h4 #a4 #cbg ,apollodorus1 ,biblio!ca1 pp4 #ahc-ahe ed4 ,r4 ,wagn] 7,epitoma1 ii4 #c-i72 ,diodorus ,siculus1 iv4 #gc2 ,hyg9us1 ,fabulae1 #hd2 ,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,olymp4 i4 #aad2 ,s]vius on ,virgil1 ,georg4 iii4 #g4 ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #bii sq4 #cbh ,/rabo1 vi4 #c4 #i1 p4 #bhd2 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,aes*ylos ,eum5id5 7,gtt+51 #ahcc71 p4 #add4 #cbi ,pausanias1 vi4 #ba4 #i-aa4 ,m#gi ,! ,olympic games n a h>ve/ fe/ival1 b bas$ on a/ronomical consid]ations4 ,m#hj ,widespread my? ( ! slaught] ( a great dragon4 ,! ,babylonian /ory ( ! slay+ ( ,tiamat by ,m>duk is a my? ( ! creation ( cosmos out ( *aos4 #ccj ,p4 ,j5s51 ,die ,kosmologie d] ,babyloni] 7,/rasburg1 #ahij71 pp4 #bfc sqq42 id41 ,assyris*-babylonis*e ,my!n und ,ep5 7,b]l91 #aijj71 pp4 #c sqq42 ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,! ,religion ( ,babylonia & ,assyria1 pp4 #djg sqq42 ,l4 ,w4 ,k+1 ,babylonian ,religion & ,my?ology1 pp4 #ec sqq42 ,h4 ,zimm]n1 9 ,e4 ,s*rad]'s ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t 7,b]l91 #aijb71 pp4 #dhh sqq42 ,m4 ,j4 ,lagrange1 tudes sur les religions smitiques#b 7,p>is1 #aije72 pp4 #cff sqq4 #cca ,p4 ,j5s51 ,die ,kosmologie d] ,babyloni]1 pp4 #cjd-cjf2 ,h4 ,gunkel1 ,s*pfung und ,*aos 9 ,urzeit und ,endzeit 7,gtt+51 #ahie71 pp4 #aad sqq42 id41 ,g5esis b]setzt und erklrt 7,gtt+51 #aija71 pp4 #ajg sqq42 ,encyclopa$ia ,biblica1 s4v4 8,creation10 i4 coll4 #ich sqq42 ,s4 ,r4 ,driv]1 ,! ,book ( ,g5esis#d 7,london1 #aije71 pp4 #bg sqq4 ,! my? is cle>ly allud$ to 9 sev]al passages ( ,scripture1 :]e ! dragon ( ! sea is spok5 ( z ,rahab or ,levia?an4 ,see ,isaiah li4 #i1 8,art ?\ n x t cut ,rahab 9 pieces1 t pi]c$ ! dragon803 id4 xxvii4 #a1 8,9 t day ! ,"l ) 8 sore & great & /rong sword %all puni% levia?an ! swift s]p5t1 & levia?an ! crook$ s]p5t2 & he %all slay ! dragon t is 9 ! sea03 ,job xxvi4 #ab1 8,he /irre? up ! sea ) 8 p[]1 & by 8 und]/&+ he smite? ?r\gh ,rahab03 ,psalm lxxxix4 #aj1 8,?\ ha/ brok5 ,rahab 9 pieces z "o t is sla903 ,psalm lxxiv4 #ac sq41 8,?\ did/ divide ! sea by ?y /r5g?3 ?\ brake/ ! heads ( ! dragons 9 ! wat]s4 ,?\ brake/ ! heads ( levia?an 9 pieces40 ,see fur!r ,h4 ,gunkel1 ,s*pfung und ,*aos1 pp4 #bi sqq4 ,m#ha ,indian /ory ( ! slay+ ( ,vtra by ,indra4 ,! /ory may be a my? descriptive ( ! beg9n+ ( ! ra9y season 9 ,india4 #ccb ,a4 ,a4 ,macdonell1 ,v$ic ,my?ology1 pp4 #eh-fj1 #aeh sq4 ,comp>e ,h4 ,old5b]g1 ,die ,religion des ,v$a1 pp4 #acd sqq4 #ccc ,see ,m4 ,w9t]nitz1 8,d] ,s>pabali1 e9 alt9dis*] ,s*lang5cult10 ,mit!ilung5 d] ,an?ropologis*5 ,gesells*aft 9 ,wi51 xviii4 7#ahhh7 pp4 #dd sq4 ,m#hb ,simil>ly ! o!r tales ( ! slaught] ( ! dragon may be my?ical descriptions ( ! *anges ( ! seasons4 #ccd ,a4 ,kuhn1 8,wodan10 ,zeits*rift fr deuts*es ,alt]?um1 v4 7#ahde7 pp4 #dhd-dhh4 #cce ,p4 ,j5s51 ,die ,kosmologie d] ,babyloni]1 pp4 #cae sq42 ,h4 ,gunkel1 ,s*pfung und ,*aos1 p4 #be2 id41 ,g5esis b]setzt und erklrt1 pp4 #aae sq42 ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,! ,religion ( ,babylonia & ,assyria1 pp4 #daa sq41 #dbi sq41 #dcb sq42 ,h4 ,zimm]n1 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,biblica1 s4v4 8,creation10 i4 coll4 #idj sq42 id41 9 ,e4 ,s*rad]'s ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1#c pp4 #cgj sq41 #ejj sq42 ,s4 ,r4 ,driv]1 ,! ,book ( ,g5esis#d 7,london1 #aije71 p4 #bh4 ,m#hc ,! cosmogonical significance ( ! ,babylonian my? may h be5 an aft]-?\ght1 ! e>ly philosoph]s pictur+ ! creation ( ! _w on ! analogy ( ! *ange f w9t] to summ]4 #ccf ,virgil1 ,georgics1 ii4 #ccf-cdb4 ,m#hd ,?us c]emonies int5d$ to ha/5 ! dep>ture ( w9t] are 9 a s5se attempts to repeat ! creation ( ! _w4 ,m#he ,9 ,babylon & ,india ! my? ( ! slaught] ( ! dragon may h be5 act$ z a magical c]emony to ha/5 ! adv5t ( summ] or ( ! ra9y season4 ,new-ye> fe/ival ( ,zagmuk at ,babylon4 #ccg ,p4 ,j5s51 ,die ,kosmologie d] ,babyloni]1 pp4 #hd sqq42 ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,! ,religion ( ,babylonia & ,assyria1 pp4 #fgg sqq42 ,h4 ,zimm]n1 9 ,e4 ,s*rad]'s ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1#c pp4 #cga1 #chd note #d1 #djb1 #dbg1 #eae sqq42 ,r4 ,f4 ,h>p]1 ,babylonian & ,assyrian ,lit]ature 7,new ,york1 #aija71 pp4 #acf1 sq41 #acg1 #adj1 #adi2 ,m4 ,j4 ,lagrange1 tudes sur les religions smitiques#b 7,p>is1 #aije71 pp4 #bhe sqq4 #cch ,l4 ,w4 ,k+1 ,babylonian ,religion & ,my?ology1 pp4 #hh sqq4 #cci ,see ,c4 ,p4 ,tiele1 ,ges*i$5is van d5 ,godsdi5/ 9 de ,oudheid1 i4 7,am/]dam1 #aijc7 pp4 #aei sq42 ,l4 ,w4 ,k+1 op4 cit4 p4 #ba2 ,h4 ,zimm]n4 9 ,e4 ,s*rad]'s ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1#c p4 #cii2 ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,die ,religion ,babyloni5s und ,assyri5s1 i 7,giess51 #aije7 pp4 #aag sqq4 #cdj ,p4 ,j5s51 op4 cit4 pp4 #he sqq42 ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,! ,religion ( ,babylonia & ,assyria1 p4 #fgi2 ,h4 ,zimm]n1 op4 cit4 p4 #eae2 ,m4 ,j4 ,lagrange1 op4 cit4 p4 #bhf4 #cda ,p4 ,j5s51 op4 cit4 p4 #hg2 ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,! ,religion ( ,babylonia & ,assyria1 p4 #fha2 ,h4 ,zimm]n1 op4 cit4 pp4 #djb1 #dae2 ,r4 ,f4 ,h>p]1 op4 cit4 p4 #acf4 #cdb ,p4 ,j5s51 ,assyris*-babylonis*e ,my!n und ,ep51 p4 #bi2 ,l4 ,w4 ,k+1 ,babylonian ,religion & ,my?ology1 p4 #gd4 #cdc ,?is appe>s to be sub/antially ! view ( ,h4 ,zimm]n 7op4 cit4 p4 #eja7 & ( ,k>ppe 7ref]r$ to 9 ,encyclopa$ia ,biblica1 s4v4 8,creation10 i4 coll4 #ida note #a74 ,m#hf ,"p play$ by ! k+ 9 ! drama ( ! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon4 ,m#hg ,sugge/$ reconciliation ( ! totemic ) ! cosmological int]pretation ( ! ,slaught] ( ! ,dragon4 #cdd ,a4 ,moret1 ,du c>actre religieux de la royaut ,ph>aonique 7,p>is1 #aijb71 pp4 #ah sqq41 #cc sqq4 #cde ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria4 ,/rom4 v4 #g4 p4 #fga1 ed4 ,pott]4 #cdf ,a4 ,erman1 ,die gyptis*e ,religion 7,b]l91 #aije71 pp4 #aj1 #be4 #cdg ,john ,p>k9son 7late ,pr9cipal ( ! ,m9]al ,survey ( ,s\!rn ,nig]ia71 8,s\!rn ,nig]ia1 ! ,lagos ,prov9ce10 ,! ,empire ,review1 vol4 xv4 ,may #aijh1 pp4 #bij sq4 ,! acc\nt 9 ! text ( ! my/]y surr\nd+ ! ,awujale is tak5 f ,a4 ,b4 ,ellis1 ,! ,yoruba-speak+ ,peoples ( ! ,slave ,coa/ ( ,we/ ,africa 7,london1 #ahid71 p4 #agj4 ,m#hh ,evid5ce ( an annual t5ure ( ! k+%ip at ,babylon4 ,fur!r1 x w\ld seem t 9 v e>ly times ! k+s ( ,babylon 7 put to dea? at ! end ( a ye>'s reign4 ,! mock k+ put to dea? at ! fe/ival ( ! ,sacaea 0 probably a sub/itute = ! real k+4 #cdh ,m4 ,ja/r[1 ,! ,religion ( ,babylonia & ,assyria1 p4 #fhj2 ,h4 ,zimm]n1 9 ,e4 ,s*rad]'s ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1#c pp4 #cgd1 #eae2 ,c4 ,brockelmann1 8,wes5 und ,ursprung des ,eponymats 9 ,assyri510 ,zeits*rift fr ,assyriologie1 xvi4 7#aijb7 pp4 #cia sq41 #cif sq4 #cdi ,a!naeus1 xiv4 #dd1 p4 #fci ,c2 ,dio ,*ryso/om1 ,or4 iv4 pp4 #fi sq4 7vol4 i4 p4 #gf1 ed4 ,l4 ,d9dorf74 ,dio ,*ryso/om does n m5tion 8 au?ority1 b x 0 probably ei!r ,b]osus or ,ctesias4 ,! execution ( ! mock k+ is n notic$ 9 ! passage ( ,b]osus cit$ by ,a!naeus1 probably because ! m5tion ( x 0 n g]mane to ,a!naeus's purpose1 :i* 0 simply to give a li/ ( fe/ivals at :i* ma/]s wait$ on _! s]vants4 ,a passage ( ,macrobius 7,saturn4 iii4 #g4 #f7 :i* has sometimes be5 int]pret$ z ref]r+ to ?is ,babylonian cu/om 7,f4 ,liebre*t1 9 ,philologus1 xxii4 #gaj2 ,j4 ,j4 ,ba*(51 ,die ,sage von ,tanaquil1 p4 #eb1 note #af7 has 9 fact no?+ to d ) x4 ,see ,a4 ,b4 ,cook1 9 ,classical ,review1 xvii4 7#aijc7 p4 #dab2 id4 9 ,folk-lore1 xv4 7#aijd7 pp4 #cjd1 #chd4 ,9 ! passage ( ,dio ,*ryso/om %\ld /rictly mean 8hang$10 b ! v]b 0 appli$ by ! ,greeks to ! ,roman puni%m5t ( crucifixion 7,plut>*1 ,caes>1 #b74 ,x may h be5 ext5d$ to include impalem5t1 :i* 0 (t5 inflict$ by ! ,assyrians1 z we may see by ! repres5tations ( x on ! ,assyrian monum5ts 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,see also ,r4 ,f4 ,h>p]1 ,assyrian & ,babylonian ,lit]ature1 p4 #da1 ) ! plate fac+ p4 #ed4 ,! prop] ^w = impalem5t 9 ,greek is 7,h]odotus1 iv4 #bjb74 ,hang+ 0 also an ,ori5tal z well z ,roman mode ( puni%m5t4 ,! ,hebrew ^w = x 77 seems unambigu\s4 ,see ,e/h]1 v4 #ad1 vii4 #i sq42 ,deut]onomy1 xxi4 #bb sq42 ,jo%ua1 viii4 #bi1 x4 #bf2 ,livy1 i4 #bf4 #f4 #cej ,see above1 pp4 #ba1 #bf sqq4 ,m#hi ,! fe/ival ( ! ,sacaea 0 p]haps id5tical ) ,zagmuk4 ,fe/ival ( ,zagmuk 9 ,assyria4 ,trace ( an annual t5ure ( ! k+%ip 9 ,assyria4 #cea ,bruno ,meissn]1 8,zur ,ent/ehungsges*i*te des ,purimfe/es10 ,zeits*rift d] deuts*5 morg5lndis*5 ,gesells*aft1 ,i4 7#ahif7 pp4 #bif-cja2 ,h4 ,w9ckl]1 ,altori5talis*e ,=s*ung51 ,zweite ,reihe1 ,bd4 ii4 p4 #cde2 ,c4 ,brockelmann1 8,wes5 und ,ursprung des ,eponymats 9 ,assyri510 ,zeits*rift fr ,assyriologie1 xvi4 7#aijb7 pp4 #cia sq4 #ceb ,meantime ,i may ref] ! read] to ,! ,gold5 ,b\gh1 ,second ,edition1 ii4 #bed1 iii4 #aea sqq4 ,z ,i h !re po9t$ out 7iii4 #aeb sq47 ! id5tification ( ! mon?s ( ! ,syro-,mac$onian cal5d> 7t is1 ! asc]ta9m5t ( _! a/ronomical dates 9 ! sol> ye>7 is a matt] ( "s unc]ta9ty1 ! dates appe>+ to h v>i$ consid]ably 9 diff]5t places4 ,! mon? ,l\s 9 p>ticul> is v>i\sly said to h correspond$ 9 diff]5t places to ,july1 ,augu/1 ,septemb]1 & ,octob]4 ,until we h asc]ta9$ beyond ! rea* ( d\bt :5 ,l\s fell at ,babylon 9 ! "t ( ,b]osus1 x w\ld be premature to all[ mu* weight to ! seem+ discrepancy 9 ! dates ( ,zagmuk & ! ,sacaea4 ,on ! :ole difficult "q ( ! id5tification or dat+ ( ! mon?s ( ! ,syro-,mac$onian cal5d> see ,l4 ,idel]1 ,h&bu* d] ma!matis*5 und te*nis*5 ,*ronologie1 i4 #cic sqq42 ,k4 ,f4 ,h]mann1 8b] grie*is*e ,monatskunde10 ,abh&lung5 d] hi/or4-philolog4 ,classe d4 kn4 ,gesells*aft d] ,wiss5s*aft5 zu ,gtt+51 ii4 7#ahdc-dd7 pp4 #fh sqq41 #ie1 #aji1 #aaa sqq42 ,h4 ,f4 ,cl9ton1 ,fa/i ,hell5ici1 iii4#b #cea sqq42 article 8,cal5d>ium10 9 ,w4 ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ,greek & ,roman ,antiquities1#c i4 #cci4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! dates ( ! ,syro-,mac$onian mon?s1 :i* diff]$ 9 diff]5t places1 & _! ord]1 :i* 0 ! same 9 all places 7,dius1 ,apellaeus1 etc471 appe>s to h be5 ov]look$ by "s ( my =m] read]s4 #cec ,p4 ,j5s51 ,die ,kosmologie d] ,babyloni]1 p4 #hd2 ,c4 ,brockelmann1 8,wes5 und ,ursprung des ,eponymats 9 ,assyri510 ,zeits*rift fr ,assyriologie1 xvi4 7#aijb7 p4 #cib4 ,h[ev]1 !re is no m5tion ( ,zagmuk 9 ,pr(4 ,r4 ,f4 ,h>p]'s translation ( ! inscription 7,assyrian & ,babylonian ,lit]ature1 p4 #hg74 #ced ,c4 ,brockelmann1 op4 cit4 pp4 #chi-dja4 #cee ,h4 ,w9ckl]1 ,ges*i*te ,babyloni5s und ,assyri5s 7,leipsic1 #aijb71 p4 #bab2 ,r4 ,f4 ,h>p]1 ,assyrian & ,babylonian ,lit]ature1 pp4 xxxviii4 sq41 #bjf-baf2 ,e4 ,mey]1 ,ges*i*te des ,alt]tums#b1 i4 #b 7,/uttg>t & ,b]l91 #aiji71 pp4 #cca sq4 ,x 0 ! second1 n ! fir/1 ye> ( a k+'s reign :i* 9 lat] times at all ev5ts 0 nam$ aft] him4 ,= ! explanation see ,c4 ,brockelmann1 op4 cit4 pp4 #cig sq4 #cef ,! eponymate 9 ,assyria & else:]e may h be5 ! subject ( sup]/itions :i* we d n yet und]/&4 ,p]haps ! eponym\s magi/rate may h be5 deem$ 9 a s5se responsible = ev]y?+ t happ5$ 9 ! ye>4 ,?us we are told t 89 ,manipur !y h a notewor?y sy/em ( keep+ c\nt ( ! ye>s4 ,ea* ye> is nam$ aft] "s man1 :o--= a consid]ation--und]takes to be> ! =tune1 good or bad1 ( ! ye>4 ,if ! ye> be good1 if !re be no pe/il5ce & a good h>ve/1 he gets pres5ts f all sorts ( p1 & ,i rememb] he>+ t 9 #ahih1 :5 ! *ol]a 0 at its wor/1 a deputation came to ! ,political ,ag5t & ask$ him to puni% ! "n-giv]1 z x 0 obvi\s t he 0 responsible = ! epidemic4 ,9 =m] times he w\ld h got into tr\ble0 7,t4 ,c4 ,hodson1 8,! ,native ,tribes ( ,manipur10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxi4 #aija1 p4 #cjb74 #ceg ,c4 ,brockelmann1 8,das ,neujahrsfe/ d] ,jezds10 ,zeits*rift d] deuts*5 morg5lndis*5 ,gesells*aft1 lv4 7#aija7 pp4 #chh-cij4 ,m#ij ,slaves sacrific$ in/ead ( _! ma/]s 9 ,we/ ,africa4 #ceh ,lett] ( ! mission>y ,n4 ,baud91 dat$ #af? ,april #ahge1 9 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 vii4 7#ahge7 pp4 #fad-faf1 #fbg sq42 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 xlviii4 7#ahgf7 pp4 #ff-gf4 ,m#ia ,trace ( cu/om ( kill+ ! k+s ( ,hawaii at ! end ( a ye>'s reign4 #cei ,u4 ,lisiansky1 ,a ,voyage ,r\nd ! ,_w 9 ! ,ye>s #ahjc1 #d1 #e1 & #f 7,london1 #ahad71 pp4 #aah sq4 ,! same c]emony seems to be m briefly describ$ by ! ,fr5* voyag] ,freyc9et1 :o says t aft] ! pr9cipal idol _h be5 c>ri$ 9 procession ab\t ! isl& = tw5ty-?ree days x 0 br\ght back to ! temple1 & t !reupon ! k+ 0 n all[$ to ent] ! prec9ct until he _h p>ri$ a spe> ?r[n at him by two m54 ,see ,l4 de ,freyc9et1 ,voyage aut\r du monde1 vol4 ii4 ,premire ,p>tie 7,p>is1 #ahbi71 pp4 #eif sq4 ,m#ib ,! reign & life ( ! k+ limit$ to a s+le day 9 ,ngoio1 a prov9ce ( ,congo4 #cfj ,r4 ,e4 ,d5nett1 ,notes on ! ,folklore ( ! ,fjort1 ) an introduction by ,m>y ,h4 ,k+sley 7,london1 #ahih71 p4 xxxii2 id41 ,at ! ,back ( ! ,black ,man's ,m9d 7,london1 #aijf71 p4 #abj4 ,miss ,k+sley 9 conv]sation call$ my att5tion to ?is p>ticul> cu/om1 & in=m$ me t %e 0 p]sonally acqua9t$ ) ! *ief1 :o possesses b decl9es to ex]cise ! "r ( succession4 ,m#ic ,rem9isc5ces ( a cu/om ( regicide 9 popul> tales4 ,/ory h[ ,lancelot came to a city :]e ! k+ _h to p]i% 9 ! fire on ,new ,ye>'s ,day4 #cfa ,! ,high ,hi/ory ( ! ,holy ,graal1 translat$ f ! ,fr5* by ,seba/ian ,evans 7,london1 #ahih71 i4 #bjj-bjc4 ,i h to ?ank ! translator1 ,mr4 ,seba/ian ,evans1 = 8 k9dness 9 indicat+ ?is passage to me4 ,m#id ,/ory ( ,k+ ,vikramditya ( ,ujja9 9 ,india4 ,k+s ( ,ujja9 dev\r$ by a demon aft] a reign ( a s+le day4 #cfb ,= a discussion ( ! leg5ds :i* ga!r r\nd ,vikramaditya see ,capta9 ,wil=d1 8,vicramaditya & ,salivahana10 ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 ix4 7,london1 #ahji7 pp4 #aag sqq42 ,*r4 ,lass51 ,indis*e ,alt]?umskunde1 ii4#b #geb sqq41 #gid sqq42 ,e4 ,t4 ,atk9son1 ,! ,himalayan ,di/ricts ( ! ,nor?-,we/]n ,prov9ces ( ,india1 ii4 7,allahabad1 #ahhd71 pp4 #daj4 sqq4 ,vikramaditya is commonly suppos$ to h liv$ 9 ! fir/ c5tury ,b4,c4 & to h f\nd$ ! ,samvat era1 :i* began ) #eg ,b4,c41 & is n[ 9 use all ov] ,india4 ,b accord+ to ,pr(essor ,h4 ,old5b]g x is n[ c]ta9 t ?is ,vikramaditya 0 a purely leg5d>y p]sonage 7,h4 ,old5b]g1 ,die ,lit]atur des alt5 ,indi51 ,/uttg>t & ,b]l91 #aijc1 pp4 #bae sq474 ,m#ie ,vikramaditya puts an end to ! cu/om by vanqui%+ ! demon1 aft] :i* he reigns z k+ ( ,ujja94 #cfc 8,hi/oire des rois de l',h9d\/an aprs les ,p&>as1 traduite du texte h9d\/ani de ,mr ,*]-i ,al ,afsos1 p> ,m4 l'abb ,b]tr&10 ,j\rnal ,asiatique1 ,,ivme ,srie1 iii4 7,p>is1 #ahdd7 pp4 #bdh-beg4 ,! /ory is told m briefly by ,mrs4 ,po/ans1 ,cut* 7,london1 #ahci71 pp4 #ba sq4 ,comp>e ,*r4 ,lass51 ,indis*e ,alt]?umskunde1 ii4#b #gih4 ,m#if ,ye>ly human sacrifices =m]ly (f]$ at ,ujja94 #cfd ,a4 ,v4 ,williams ,jackson1 8,notes f ,india1 ,second ,s]ies10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,am]ican ,ori5tal ,society1 xxiii4 7#aijb7 pp4 #cjh1 #caf sq4 ,i h to ?ank my fri5d ! ,rev4 ,pr(essor ,j4 ,h4 ,m\lton = ref]r+ me to ,pr(4 ,williams ,jackson's pap]4 ,m#ig ,/ory ( ! bir? ( ,vikramaditya4 ,8 fa!r ,g&h>va-,s5a 0 an ass by day & a man by night1 until 8 ass's sk9 0 burnt1 :5 he left 8 wife = ev]4 #cfe 8,hi/oire des rois de l',h9d\/an10 ,j\rnal ,asiatique1 ,,ivme ,srie1 iii4 7#ahdd7 pp4 #bci-bdc4 ,! leg5d is told ) modifications by ,capta9 ,wil=d 78,vicramaditya & ,salivahana10 ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 ix4 ,london1 #ahji1 pp4 #adh sq471 ,mrs4 ,po/ans 7,cut*1 ,london1 #ahci1 pp4 #ah-bj71 & ,pr(4 ,williams ,jackson 7op4 cit4 pp4 #cad sq474 ,m#ih ,/ories ( ! type ( ,beauty & ! ,bea/1 :i* tell h[ human be+s are m>ri$ to bea/s or to animals :i* tempor>ily assume human =m4 ,m#ii ,/ories ( ?is k9d are told by savages to expla9 :y !y ab/a9 f eat+ c]ta9 animals4 ,dyak /ories ( ?is type4 #cff ,! ,bi%op ( ,labuan1 8,wild ,tribes ( ,borneo10 ,transactions ( ! ,e?nological ,society ( ,london1 ,new ,s]ies1 ii4 7#ahfc7 pp4 #bf sq4 #cfg ,*4 ,hose & ,w4 ,mc,dougall1 8,! ,relations betwe5 ,m5 & ,animals 9 ,s>awak10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxi4 7#aija7 pp4 #aig sq4 #cfh ,*4 ,hose & ,w4 ,mc,dougall1 op4 cit4 p4 #aic4 ,m#ajj ,/ory told by ! ,sea ,dyaks to expla9 h[ !y came to plant rice & to rev]e ! om5-birds4 ,x describes h[ ! "y *ief ,siu m>ri$ a woman ( ! bird-family1 & promis$ h] nev] to hurt or ev5 t\* a bird4 ,m#aja ,b "o day he broke 8 ^w1 & 8 bird-wife left him & return$ to ! bird-p4 #cfi ,rev4 ,e4 ,h4 ,gomes1 8,two ,sea ,dyak ,leg5ds10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,/raits ,bran* ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society1 ,no4 #da 7,janu>y #aijd1 ,s+apore71 pp4 #ab-bh2 id41 ,sev5te5 ,ye>s among ! ,sea ,dyaks ( ,borneo 7,london1 #aiaa71 pp4 #bgh sqq4 ,m#ajb ,/ories ( ! same sort are told by ! ,t%i-speak+ negroes ( ! ,gold ,coa/ to expla9 :y !y d n eat _! totemic animals4 #cgj ,a4 ,b4 ,ellis1 ,! ,t%i-speak+ ,peoples ( ! ,gold ,coa/ 7,london1 #ahhg71 pp4 #bjd-bab4 ,m#ajc ,/ories ( ?is sort 7 probably at fir/ always told to expla9 ! totemic belief 9 ! k9%ip ( c]ta9 families ) c]ta9 species ( animals4 ,:5 husb& & wife _h diff]5t totems1 a violation ( ! totemic taboos by husb& or wife might lead to ! sep>ation ( ! sp\ses4 ,?is w\ld expla9 ! sep>ation ( husb& & wife 9 ! type ( tale "h discuss$4 #cga ,! type ( /ory 9 "q has be5 discuss$ by ,mr4 ,&rew ,lang 9 a well-kn[n essay 8,cupid1 ,psy*e1 & ! ,sun-,frog10 ,cu/om & ,my? 7,london1 #ahhd71 pp4 #fd-hf4 ,he rightly expla9s all su* tales z bas$ on savage taboos1 b s f> z ,i "k he does n def9itely connect !m ) totemism4 ,= o!r examples ( ^! tales told by savages see ,w4 ,l$]bog51 8,duala ,mr*510 ,mit!ilung5 des ,sem9>s fr ,ori5talis*e ,spra*5 zu ,b]l91 v4 7#aijb7 ,dritte ,ab!ilung1 pp4 #aci-ade 7! ,duala tribe ( ,cam]oons2 9 "o tale ! wife is a palm-rat1 9 ! o!r a mpondo1 a h>d br[n fruit z l>ge z a coconut72 ,r4 ,h4 ,nassau1 ,feti*ism 9 ,we/ ,africa 7,london1 #aijd71 pp4 #cea-ceh 7,we/ ,africa2 wife a =e/-rat72 ,g4 ,h4 ,smi?1 8,"s ,betsimis>aka ,sup]/itions10 ,! ,antanan>ivo ,annual & ,madagasc> ,magaz9e1 ,no4 #aj 7,*ri/mas1 #ahhf71 pp4 #bda sq42 ,r4 ,h4 ,codr+ton1 ,! ,melanesians1 pp4 #agb1 #cig sq4 7,melanesia2 wife a bird1 husb& an owl72 ,a4 ,f4 van ,spreeuw5b]g1 8,e5 blik op ,m9ahassa10 ,tijds*rift voor ,nerl&'s ,indi1 #ahdf1 ,er/e deel1 pp4 #be-bh 7! ,bantiks ( ,celebes2 wife a :ite dove72 ,j4 ,h4 ,f4 ,kohlbrugge1 8,die ,t5gg]es51 e9 alt] ,javanis*] ,volks/aam10 ,bijdrag5 tot de ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde van ,n$]l&s*-,indi1 iiii4 7#aija7 pp4 #ig-ii 7! ,t5gg]es ( ,java2 wife a bird72 ,j4 ,fanggidaej1 8,rott9ees*e ,v]hal510 ,bijdrag5 tot de ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde van ,n$]l&s*-,indi1 lviii4 7#aije71 pp4 #dcj-dcf 7isl& ( ,rotti2 husb& a crocodile72 ,j4 ,kub>y1 8,die ,religion d] ,pelau]10 9 ,a4 ,ba/ian's ,all]lei aus ,volkes- und ,m5s*5kunde 7,b]l91 #ahhh71 i4 #fj sq4 7,pelew ,isl&s2 wife a fi%72 ,a4 ,r4 ,mc,mahon1 ,! ,k>5s ( ! ,gold5 ,*]sonese1 pp4 #bdh-bej 7,k>5s ( ,burma2 husb& a tree-liz>d72 ,l&es1 8,contes ,tjames10 ,co*9*9e franaise1 excursions et reconnaissances1 ,no4 #bi 7,saigon1 #ahhg71 pp4 #ec sqq4 7,*ams ( ,co*9-,*9a2 husb& a coco-nut72 ,a4 ,c]teux & ,e4 ,h4 ,c>noy1 ,l',algrie traditionnelle 7,p>is & ,algi]s1 #ahhd71 pp4 #hg-hi 7,arabs ( ,alg]ia2 wife a dove72 ,j4 ,g4 ,kohl1 ,kits*i-,gami 7,brem51 #aheh71 i4 #adj-ade 7,ojebway ,indians2 wife a beav]72 ,franz ,boas & ,george ,hunt1 ,kwakiutl ,texts1 ii4 #cbb-ccj 7,! ,jesup ,nor? ,pacific ,exp$ition1 ,memoir ( ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory7 7,kwakiutl ,indians2 wife a salmon72 ,j4 ,r4 ,swanton1 ,haida ,texts & ,my?s 7,bureau ( ,am]ican ,e?nology1 ,bullet91 ,no4 #bi1 ,wa%+ton1 #aije71 pp4 #bhf sq4 7,haida ,indians2 wife a kill]-:ale72 ,h4 ,r9k1 ,tales & ,traditions ( ! ,eskimo1 pp4 #adf sq4 7,esquimaux2 wife a sea-f[l74 ,! ,bantik /ory is told to expla9 ! orig9 ( ! p2 ! ,t5gg]es /ory is told to expla9 :y x is =bidd5 to lift ! lid ( a basket 9 :i* rice is be+ boil$4 ,! o!r /ories ref]r$ to 9 ?is note are app>5tly told z fairy tales only1 b we may conjecture t !y too 7 relat$ orig9ally to expla9 a suppos$ relation%ip ( human be+s to animals or plants4 ,i h already illu/rat$ & expla9$ ?is type ( /ory 9 ,totemism & ,exogamy1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ee1 #bjf1 #cjh1 #efe-ega1 #ehi1 iii4 #fj-fd1 #ccg sq4 #cgb ,! fable ( ,cupid & ,psy*e is only pres]v$ 9 ! ,lat9 ( ,apuleius 7,metamorph4 iv4 #bh-vi4 #bd71 b we _c d\bt t ! orig9al 0 ,greek4 ,= ! /ory ( ,pururavas & ,urvasi1 see ,! ,rigv$a1 x4 #ie 7,hymns ( ! ,rigv$a1 translat$ by ,r4 ,t4 ,h4 ,griffi?1 vol4 iv4 ,b5>es1 #ahib1 pp4 #cjd sqq472 ,satapa?a ,brahmana1 translat$ by ,j4 ,eggel+1 "p v4 pp4 #fh-gd 7,sacr$ ,books ( ! ,ea/1 vol4 xliv472 & ! ref]5ces 9 ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bej1 note #d4 ,a cle> trace ( ! bird-nature ( ,urvasi occurs 9 ! ,satapa?a ,brahmana 7,"p v4 p4 #gj ( ,j4 ,eggel+'s translation71 :]e ! sorr[+ husb& f9ds 8 lo/ wife among nymphs :o are swimm+ ab\t 9 ! %ape ( swans or ducks on a lotus-cov]$ lake4 ,?is has be5 already po9t$ out by ,?4 ,b5fey 7,pants*atantra1 i4 #bfd74 ,9 ,engli% ! type ( tale is kn[n z 8,beauty & ! ,bea/10 :i* ought to include ! cases 9 :i* ! wife1 z well z ^? 9 :i* ! husb&1 appe>s z an animal4 ,on /ories ( ?is sort1 especially 9 ! folklore ( civilis$ peoples1 see ,?4 ,b5fey1 ,pants*atantra1 i4 #bed sqq42 ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 ,introduction to ,f4 ,a4 von ,s*iefn]'s ,tibetan ,tales1 pp4 xxxvii4-xxxix42 ,a4 ,lang1 ,cu/om & ,my? 7,london1 #ahhd71 pp4 #fd sqq42 ,s4 ,b>+-,g\ld1 ,curi\s ,my?s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 pp4 #efa-egh2 ,e4 ,cosqu91 ,contes populaires de ,lorra9e1 ii4 #bae-bcj2 ,w4 ,a4 ,cl\/on1 ,popul> ,tales & ,fictions1 i4 #ahb-aia2 ,miss ,m4 ,roalfe ,cox1 ,introduction to ,folklore 7,london1 #ahie7 pp4 #abj-abc4 ,m#ajd ,! /ory ( ! p>5tage ( ,vikramaditya may po9t to a l9e ( k+s :o _h ! ass = _! cre/ or totem4 ,simil>ly ! ,mah>ajahs ( ,nagpur h ! cobra = _! cre/ & ! orig9 ( ! cre/ is expla9$ by a /ory ( ! type ( ,beauty & ! ,bea/4 #cgc ,9 ! ru9s ( ,raipoor1 suppos$ to be ! anci5t ,m&avie1 co9s are f\nd be>+ ! image ( an ass2 & ! leg5d ( ! trans=mation ( ,g&h>va-,s5a into an ass is told to expla9 _! occurr5ce4 ,! co9s are call$ ,g&h>va pice4 ,see ,mrs4 ,po/ans1 ,cut* 7,london1 #ahci71 pp4 #ag sq41 #bb4 #cgd ,e4 ,t4 ,dalton1 ,descriptive ,e?nology ( ,b5gal1 pp4 #afe sq4 #cge ,t4 ,c4 ,hodson1 8,! ,native ,tribes ( ,manipur10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxi4 7#aija7 pp4 #cjb1 #cjd4 ,m#aje ,/ories ( ! type ( ,beauty & ! ,bea/ are n m]e fictions1 b re/ on a real basis ( belief & cu/om4 ,simil>ly ! leg5d ( k+s :o 7 sacrific$ aft] a reign ( a s+le day has its analogy 9 actual cu/om4 ,su* /ories indicate t ! supply ( k+s may h be5 ma9ta9$ by compell+ m5 to accept ! fatal sov]eignty4 #cgf ,see above1 pp4 #aah sq4 ,m#ajf ,our conceptions ( ! primitive k+%ip are apt to be col\r$ & falsifi$ by ideas borr[$ f ! v diff]5t mon>*ies ( mod]n ,europe4 #cgg ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #d2 ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #ag sqq4 ,m#ajg ,9 o!r races & o!r ages _m m5 may h be5 will+ to accept a k+dom on condition ( be+ kill$ at ! end ( a %ort reign4 ,v>i\s causes h contribut$ to int5sify ! fe> ( dea? 9 mod]n ,europe4 #cgh ,see ,dr4 ,joseph ,bautz1 ,die ,hlle1 im ,ans*luss an die ,s*ola/ik d>ge/ellt#b 7,ma9z1 #aije74 ,dr4 ,bautz holds t ! damn$ burn 9 et]nal d>kness & et]nal fire some:]e 9 ! b[els ( ! e>?4 ,he is1 let u hope 9 m s5ses ?an "o1 an extraord9>y pr(essor ( !ology at ! ,univ]sity ( ,mn/]1 & 8 book is publi%$ ) ! approbation ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,m#ajh ,evid5ce ( ! comp>ative indiff]5ce to dea? display$ by o!r races4 ,abs5ce ( ! fe> ( dea? 9 ,india & ,annam4 #cgi ,r4 ,h4 ,elliot1 ,exp]i5ces ( a ,plant] 9 ! ,jungles ( ,mysore 7,london1 #ahga71 i4 #ie4 #chj ,mrs4 ,po/ans1 ,cut* 7,london1 #ahci71 p4 #afh4 #cha ,mgr4 ,masson1 9 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 xxiv4 7#aheb7 pp4 #cbd sq4 ,m#aji ,abs5ce ( ! fe> ( dea? among ! ,am]ican ,indians4 #chb ,h4 ,r4 ,s*oolcraft1 ,indian ,tribes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ii4 7,philadelphia1 #ahec71 p4 #fh4 #chc ,f4 de ,az>a1 ,voyages dans l',amrique ,mridionale1 ii4 #aha4 ,m#aaj ,apa?y ( savages "u s5t5ce ( dea?4 #chd ,a4 ,b4 ,ellis1 ,! ,ewe-speak+ ,peoples ( ! ,slave ,coa/1 p4 #abg4 ,! te/imony ( a soldi] on su* a po9t is peculi>ly valuable4 #che ,a4 ,!vet1 ,les ,s+ul>itez de la ,france ,ant>ctique 7,antw]p1 #aeeh71 pp4 #gd sq42 id41 ,cosmographie univ]selle 7,p>is1 #aege71 p4 #ide #igi4 #chf ,my in=mant 0 ! late ,capta9 ,w4 ,c4 ,rob9son1 =m]ly ( ! #bnd ,bombay ,europeans 7,company's ,s]vice71 aft]w>ds resid5t at #ae ,*e/]ton ,hall ,cresc5t1 ,cambridge4 ,he le>n$ ! facts 9 ! ye> #ahec f 8 fri5d ,capta9 ,gore1 ( ! #bi? ,madras ,native ,infantry1 :o rescu$ "s ( ! victims4 #chg ,rev4 ,j4 ,roscoe1 ,! ,bag&a 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #cch4 ,m#aaa ,fur!r1 m5 ( o!r races (t5 sacrifice _! lives volunt>ily = reasons :i* seem to u :olly inadequate4 ,?us p h freely all[$ !mselves to be kill$ 9 ord] to accompany _! dead rul] to ! o!r _w4 #chh ,see above1 pp4 #db sqq41 #ed sqq4 #chi ,o4 ,dapp]1 ,description de l',afrique 7,am/]dam1 #afhf71 p4 #cab2 ,h4 ,l+ ,ro?1 ,great ,b591 p4 #dc4 #cij ,r4 ,s\!y1 ,hi/ory ( ,brazil1 iii4 #cia sq4 #cia ,tacitus1 ,hi/or4 ii4 #di2 ,plut>*1 ,o?o1 #ag4 ,m#aab ,9 ! ,ea/1 p]sons sometimes commit suicide 9 ord] to av5ge !mselves on _! enemies4 ,law ( retaliation 9 a robb] ca/e ( s\!rn ,india4 #cib ,r4 ,las*1 8,ra*e als ,selb/mordmotiv10 ,globus1 lxxiv4 7#ahih7 pp4 #cg-ci4 #cic ,fa!r ,m>t91 ,jesuit mission>y1 9 ,lettres difiantes et curieuses1 ,n\velle dition1 xi4 7,p>is1 #agha71 pp4 #bdf-bdh4 ,! lett] 0 writt5 at ,m>ava1 9 ! mission ( ,madura1 #h? ,novemb] #agji4 ,no d\bt ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t has long s9ce done its be/ to suppress ^! practices4 ,m#aac ,contempt ( dea? exhibit$ 9 antiquity by ! ,?racians & ! ,gauls4 #cid ,seleucus1 quot$ by ,a!naeus1 iv4 #db1 p4 #aee ,d ,e4 #cie ,posidonius1 quot$ by ,a!naeus1 iv4 #dj1 p4 #aed ,b ,c4 ,m#aad ,9 anci5t ,rome !re 7 m5 will+ to be behead$ = a sum ( five m9ae4 #cif ,euphorion ( ,*alcis1 quot$ by ,a!naeus1 iv4 #dj1 p4 #aed ,c2 ,eu/a?ius on ,hom]1 ,odyssey1 xviii4 #df1 p4 #ahcg4 #cig ,a!naeus1 iv4 #ci1 p4 #aec ,e ,f1 quot+ ,nicolaus ,damasc5us4 #cih ,t]tullian1 ,de spectaculis1 #ab4 ,! cu/om ( sacrific+ human be+s 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 :i* has be5 practis$ by _m savage & b>b>\s peoples1 0 9 lat] times s f> mitigat$ at ,rome t ! de/9$ victims 7 all[$ to fight ea* o!r1 :i* gave "s ( !m a *ance ( surviv+4 ,?is mitigation ( human sacrifice is said to h be5 introduc$ by ,d4 ,junius ,brutus 9 ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c4 7,livy1 ,epit4 xvi474 ,x resembles ! *ange :i* ,i suppose to h tak5 place at ,nemi & o!r places1 :]e1 if ,i am "r1 k+s 7 at fir/ put to dea? inexorably at ! end ( a fix$ p]iod1 b 7 aft]w>ds p]mitt$ to def5d !mselves 9 s+le combat4 #cii ,livy1 ii4 #e4 #h1 xxvi4 #ac4 #ae1 xxviii4 #bi4 #aa2 ,polybius1 i4 #g4 #ab1 xi4 #cj4 #b2 ,?4 ,momms51 ,rmis*es ,/rafre*t 7,leipsic1 #ahii71 pp4 #iaf sqq4 #djj ,hi]a ,sykam9os 7,mah>raka71 ! fur!/ po9t ( ! ,roman dom9ion 9 s\!rn ,egypt1 lies )9 ! tropics4 ,! empire did n rea* ?is its extreme limit till aft] ! age ( ,augu/us4 ,see ,?4 ,momms51 ,rmis*e ,ges*i*te1 v4 #eid sq4 ,/rabo speaks 7xvii4 #a4 #dh1 p4 #hag7 z if ,sy5e1 :i* 0 held by a ,roman g>rison ( ?ree cohorts1 7 )9 ! tropics2 b t is a mi/ake4 ,m#aae ,*9ese indiff]5ce to dea?4 #dja ,= "s evid5ce see ,j4 ,h4 ,gray1 ,*9a1 i4 #cbi sqq42 ,h4 ,norman1 ,! ,peoples & ,politics ( ! ,f> ,ea/ 7,london1 #aije71 pp4 #bgg sq4 ,on ?is subject ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,a4 ,b>b]1 ,headma/] ( ! ,leys ,s*ool1 ,cambridge1 =m]ly a mission>y 9 ,*9a1 writes to me z foll[s 7#crd ,febru>y #aijb73--8,und\bt$ly ! ,ea/]n1 ?r\gh 8 belief 9 ,fate1 has comp>atively little fe> ( dea?4 ,i h sometimes se5 ! ,*9ese 9 great fe>2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,i h sav$ at lea/ a hundr$ lives ( p :o _h swall[$ opium out ( spite aga9/ "s "o else1 ! idea be+1 fir/1 ! tr\ble giv5 by m9ions ( ! law to ! survivor2 second1 t ! dead w\ld ga9 a vantage gr\nd by becom+ a gho/1 & ?us able to plague 8 enemy 9 ! fle%4 ,probably bl9d ang] has m to d ) x ?an ei!r ( ^! causes4 ,b ! p>ticul> mode w\ld n ord9>ily occur to a ,we/]n4 ,i am b\nd to say t 9 _m cases ! pati5t 0 ready en\gh to take my m$ic9es1 b mo/ly x 0 ! fri5ds :o 7 mo/ eag]1 & exce$+ly r>ely did ,i receive ?anks f ! rescu$40 #djb ,j4 ,h4 ,gray 7,ar*deacon ( ,hong-kong71 ,*9a 7,london1 #ahgh71 ii4 #cjf4 #djc ,! p>ticul>s 9 ! text are tak51 ) ,"l ,avebury's k9d p]mission1 f a lett] address$ to him by ,mr4 ,m4 ,w4 ,lampson ( ! ,=eign ,(fice4 ,see ,note ,a at ! end ( ! volume4 ,speak+ ( capital puni%m5t 9 ,*9a1 ,pr(essor ,e4 ,h4 ,p>k] says3 8,x is popul>ly /at$ t sub/itutes c be b\ght = ,taels #ej1 & mo/ c]ta9ly ?is /atem5t is m ?an true1 s f> z ! price ( human life is conc]n$2 b x is q ano!r "q :e!r ! gaol]s & judges c always be brib$0 7,e4 ,h4 ,p>k]1 ,pr(essor ( ,*9ese at ! ,ow5s ,college1 ,man*e/]1 ,*9a ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 ,london1 #aijc1 pp4 #cgh sq474 ,h[ev]1 f 8 p]sonal enquiries ,pr(essor ,p>k] is conv9c$ t 9 su* matt]s ! local m&>9 c d :at he pleases1 provid$ t he obs]ves ! =m ( law & gives no (f5ce to 8 sup]iors4 ,m#aaf ,we mu/ n judge ( all m5's love ( life by our own4 #djd ,my fri5d1 ! late ,sir ,francis ,galton1 m5tion$ 9 conv]sation a phrase :i* describ$ ! fe> ( dea? z 8! ,we/]n 7or ,european7 malady10 b he did n rememb] :]e he _h met ) x4 ,he wrote to me 7#ah? ,octob] #aijb7 t 8our fe> ( dea? is presumably mu* great] ?an t ( ! b>b>ians :o 7 our f>-back ance/ors40 ,m#aag ,h5ce x is probable t 9 "s races & at "s p]iods ( hi/ory x w\ld be easy to f9d m5 will+ to accept a k+dom on condition ( be+ kill$ at ! end ( a %ort reign4 #dje ,see above1 pp4 #bc1 #di sqq41 #eb sq4 ,m#aah ,annual abdication ( k+s & _! places tempor>ily tak5 by nom9al sov]eigns4 ,tempor>y k+s 9 ,cambodia4 #djf ,see above1 pp4 #aac sqq4 #djg ,e4 ,aymoni]1 ,notice sur le ,cambodge 7,p>is1 #ahge71 p4 #fa2 ,j4 ,m\ra1 ,le ,royaume du ,cambodge 7,p>is1 #ahhc71 i4 #cbg sq4 ,= ! connexion ( ! tempor>y k+'s family ) ! royal h\se1 see ,e4 ,aymoni]1 op4 cit4 pp4 #cf sq4 ,m#aai ,tempor>y k+s 9 ,siam 9 =m] days4 #djh ,de la ,l\bre1 ,du royaume de ,siam 7,am/]dam1 #afia71 i4 #ef sq42 ,turp91 8,hi/ory ( ,siam10 9 ,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 ix4 #eha sq42 ,mgr4 ,brugire1 9 ,annales de l',association de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 v4 7#ahca7 pp4 #ahh sq42 ,pallegoix1 ,description du royaume ,?ai ou ,siam 7,p>is1 #ahed71 i4 #bej2 ,a4 ,ba/ian1 ,die ,vlk] des /li*5 ,asi51 iii4 #cje-cji1 #ebf-ebh4 ,b[r+ 7,siam1 i4 #aeh sq47 copies1 z usual1 f ,pallegoix4 ,= a description ( ! c]emony z obs]v$ at ! pres5t day1 see ,e4 ,"y1 ,! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe 7,we/m9/]1 #ahih71 pp4 #baj sq4 ,! repres5tative ( ! k+ no long] enjoys 8 old privilege ( seiz+ any goods t are expos$ = sale along ! l9e ( ! procession4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,"y1 ! c]emony is g5]ally held ab\t ! middle ( ,may1 & no "o is suppos$ to pl\gh or s[ till x is ov]4 ,accord+ to ,l\bre ! title ( ! tempor>y k+ 0 ,oc-ya ,ka\1 or ,"l ( ! ,rice1 & ! (fice 0 reg>d$ z fatal1 or at lea/ calamit\s 8fune/e07 to him4 #dji ,lieut4-,col4 ,james ,l[1 8,on ! ,laws ( ,muung ,?ai or ,siam10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,indian ,ar*ipelago1 i4 7,s+apore1 #ahdg7 p4 #cci2 ,a4 ,ba/ian1 ,die ,vlk] des /li*5 ,asi51 iii4 #ih1 #cad1 #ebf sq4 ,m#abj ,mod]n cu/om ( tempor>y k+s 9 ,siam4 #daj ,e4 ,"y1 ,! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe1 pp4 #bab-bag4 ,! writ] tells u t ?\gh ! ,m9i/] = ,agriculture /ill (ficiates at ! ,pl\gh+ ,fe/ival1 he no long] presides at ! ,sw++ ,fe/ival2 a diff]5t nobleman is *os5 e ye> to sup]9t5d ! latt]4 ,m#aba ,tempor>y k+s 9 ,sam>ac& & ,upp] ,egypt4 #daa ,ed4 ,*avannes1 ,docum5ts sur les ,t\-,kiue 7,turcs7 ,occid5taux 7,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #aijc71 p4 #acc1 note4 ,! docum5ts collect$ 9 ?is volume are translat$ f ! ,*9ese4 #dab ,c4 ,b4 ,klunz+]1 ,bild] aus ,ob]gypt5 d] ,w/e und dem ,ro!n ,me]e 7,/uttg>t1 #ahgg71 pp4 #ahj sq4 #dac ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 p4 #bdc4 ,= evid5ce ( a practice ( burn+ div9e p]sonages1 see ,adonis1 ,attis1 ,osiris1 ,second ,edition1 pp4 #hd sqq41 #ia sqq41 #aci sqq4 ,m#abb ,tempor>y k+s 9 ,morocco4 #dad ,budgett ,meak91 ,! ,moors 7,london1 #aijb71 pp4 #cab sq42 ,e4 ,aub91 ,le ,m>oc d'auj\rd'hui 7,p>is1 #aijd71 pp4 #bhc-bhg4 ,accord+ to ! latt] ( ^! writ]s ! flight ( ! mock sultan takes place ! day aft] 8 meet+ ) ! real sultan4 ,! acc\nt 9 ! text embodies "s notes :i* 7 k9dly furni%$ me by ,dr4 ,e4 ,we/]m>ck4 ,m#abc ,tempor>y k+ 9 ,cornwall4 #dae ,r4 ,c>ew1 ,survey ( ,cornwall 7,london1 #ahaa71 p4 #cbb4 ,i d n "k :at ! writ] means by 8little ,ea/] ,sunday40 ,! c]emony has (t5 be5 describ$ by subsequ5t writ]s1 b !y seem all to copy1 directly or indirectly1 f ,c>ew1 :o says t ! cu/om _h be5 ye>ly obs]v$ 9 pa/ times & 0 only ( late days discont9u$4 ,8 ,survey ( ,cornwall 0 fir/ pr9t$ 9 #afjb4 ,i h to ?ank ,mr4 ,g4 ,m4 ,trevelyan1 =m]ly ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge1 = direct+ my att5tion to ?is int]e/+ survival ( :at 0 d\btless a v anci5t cu/om4 ,m#abd ,tempor>y k+s at ! beg9n+ ( a reign4 #daf ,j4 ,w4 ,bo]s1 8,oud volksgebruik 9 het ,rijk van ,jambi10 ,tijds*rift voor ,nerl&s ,indi1 #ahdj1 dl4 i4 pp4 #cgb sqq4 #dag ,panjab ,notes & ,qu]ies1 i4 p4 #hf1 #fgd 7,may #ahhd74 #dah ,a5eas ,sylvius1 ,op]a 7,ble1 #aega71 pp4 #dji sq42 ,j4 ,boemus1 ,mores1 leges1 et ritus omnium g5tium 7,lyons1 #aeda71 pp4 #bda sq42 ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,re*tsalt]?m]1 p4 #bec4 ,accord+ to ,grimm1 ! c[ & m>e /ood beside ! pr9ce1 n ! peasant4 ,! ,c>9?ian c]emony is ! subject ( an elaborate ,g]man diss]tation by ,dr4 ,emil ,goldmann 7,die ,e9fhrung d] deuts*5 ,h]zogsges*le*t] ,krnt5s 9 d5 ,slov5is*5 ,/ammesv]b&1 e9 ,beitrag zur ,re*ts- und ,kulturges*i*te1 ,breslau1 #aijc74 ,m#abe ,! tempor>y k+s dis*>ge div9e or magical functions4 #dai ,e4 ,"y1 ,! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe1 p4 #baa4 #dbj ,lasicius1 8,de diis ,samagit>um caet]orumque ,s>mat>um10 9 ,respublica sive /atus regni ,poloniae1 ,lituaniae1 ,prussiae1 ,livoniae1 etc4 7,elzevir1 #afbg71 pp4 #cjf sq42 id41 edit$ by ,w4 ,mannh>dt 9 ,magaz9 h]ausgegeb5 von d] ,lettis*-,lit]>is*5 ,gesells*aft1 xiv4 #ia sq42 ,j4 ,g4 ,kohl1 ,die deuts*-russis*5 ,o/seeprov9z5 7,dresd5 & ,leipsic1 #ahda71 ii4 #bg4 ,!re1 are1 h[ev]1 o!r occasions :5 sup]/ition requires a p]son to /& on "o foot4 ,at ,toku-toku1 9 ,fiji1 ! grave-digg] :o turns ! fir/ sod has to /& on "o leg1 lean+ on 8 digg+-/ick 7,rev4 ,lorim] ,fison1 9 a lett] to ! au?or1 dat$ ,augu/ #bf1 #ahih74 ,among ! ,angoni ( ,briti% ,c5tral ,africa1 :5 ! corpse ( a *ief is be+ burn$1 8 heir /&s beside ! blaz+ pyre on "o leg ) 8 %ield 9 8 h&2 & ?ree days lat] he aga9 /&s on "o leg be=e ! assembl$ p :5 !y proclaim him *ief4 ,see ,r4 ,su!rl& ,rattray1 ,"s ,folk-lore ,/ories & ,songs 9 ,*9yanja 7,london1 #aijg71 pp4 #ajj1 #aja4 #dba ,e4 ,"y1 ,! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe1 p4 #bab4 #dbb ,j4 ,g4 ,kohl1 ,die deuts*-russis*5 ,o/seeprov9z51 ii4 #be4 ,) reg>d to sw++ z a magical or religi\s rite1 see ,note ,b at ! end ( ! volume4 ,= o!r *>ms to make ! crops gr[ tall by leap+1 lett+ ! hair hang loose1 & s =?1 see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #ace sqq4 #dbc ,macrobius1 ,saturn4 v4 #ai4 #ac4 #dbd ,see ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #bbe sqq4 ,m#abf ,tempor>y k+s sub/itut$ 9 c]ta9 em]g5cies = ,%ahs ( ,p]sia4 #dbe ,sir ,john ,malcolm1 ,hi/ory ( ,p]sia 7,london1 #ahae71 i4 #ebg sq4 ,i am indebt$ to my fri5d ,mr4 ,w4 ,crooke = call+ my att5tion to ?is passage4 #dbf ,capta9 ,john ,/ev5s1 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,p]sia 7,london1 #agae71 pp4 #cef sq4 ,i h to ?ank ,mr4 ,w4 ,crooke = 8 k9dness 9 copy+ out ?is passage & s5d+ x to me4 ,i h n se5 ! orig9al4 ,an ,iri% leg5d relates h[ ! abbot ,eim9e ,ban & =ty-n9e ( 8 monks sacrific$ !mselves by a volunt>y dea? to save ,bran a ,fael91 ,k+ ( ,le9/]1 & =ty-n9e ,le9/] *iefs1 f a pe/il5ce :i* 0 !n desolat+ ,le9/]4 ,!y 7 sacrific$ 9 bat*es ( sev5 a day = a week1 ! abbot himself p]i%+ aft] ! la/ bat* on ! la/ day ( ! week4 ,b x is n said t ! abbot enjoy$ regal dignity dur+ ! sev5 days4 ,see ,c4 ,plumm]1 8,c9 ,eimne ,b910 riu1 ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,s*ool ( ,iri% ,le>n+1 ,dubl94 vol4 iv4 "p i4 7#aijh7 pp4 #ci-df4 ,! leg5d 0 po9t$ out to me by ,pr(essor ,kuno ,mey]4 ,m#abg ,! tempor>y k+s are sometimes relat$ by blood to ! real k+s4 ,m#abh ,tradition ( ,on1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 & ! sacrifice ( 8 n9e sons4 #dbg 8,yngl+a ,saga10 #bi1 9 ,! ,heimskr+la or ,*ronicle ( ! ,k+s ( ,norway1 translat$ f ! ,icel&ic ( ,snorro ,/urleson1 by ,s4 ,la+ 7,london1 #ahdd71 i4 #bci sq42 ,h4 ,m4 ,*adwick1 ,! ,cult ( ,o?9 7,london1 #ahii71 pp4 #d1 #bg4 ,i h already cit$ ! tradition z evid5ce ( a n9e ye>s' t5ure ( ! k+%ip 9 ,sw$54 ,see above1 p4 #eg1 ) note #b4 ,m#abi ,tradition ( ,k+ ,a?amas & 8 *ildr54 ,male desc5dants ( ,k+ ,a?amas liable to be sacrific$4 #dbh ,h]odotus1 vii4 #aig2 ,apollodorus1 i4 #i4 #a sq42 ,s*ol4 on ,ari/ophanes1 ,cl\ds1 #beg2 ,j4 ,tzetzes1 ,s*ol4 on ,lycophron1 #ba1 #bbi2 ,s*ol4 on ,apollonius ,rhodius1 ,argonautica1 ii4 #fec2 ,eu/a?ius1 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 vii4 #hf1 p4 #ffg2 id41 on ,odyssey1 v4 #cci1 p4 #aedc2 ,pausanias1 i4 #dd4 #g1 ix4 #cd4 #g2 ,z5obius1 iv4 #ch2 ,plut>*1 ,de sup]/itione1 #e2 ,hyg9us1 ,fab4 #a-e2 id41 ,a/ronomica1 ii4 #bj2 ,s]vius1 on ,virgil1 ,a54 v4 #bda4 ,! /ory is told or allud$ to by ^! writ]s ) "s v>iations ( detail4 ,9 piec+ _! acc\nts toge!r ,i h *os5 ! features :i* seem$ to be ! mo/ ar*aic4 ,accord+ to ,ph]ecydes1 "o ( ! olde/ writ]s on ,greek leg5d>y hi/ory1 ,phrixus (f]$ himself z a volunt>y victim :5 ! crops 7 p]i%+ 7,s*ol4 on ,p9d>1 ,py?4 iv4 #bhh74 ,on ! :ole subject see ,k4 ,o4 ,mll]1 ,or*om5us und die ,m9y]1#b pp4 #aef1 #aga4 #dbi ,plato1 ,m9os1 p4 #cae ,c4 ,m#acj ,family ( royal desc5t liable to be sacrific$ at ,or*om5us4 #dcj ,plut>*1 ,quae/4 ,graec4 #ch2 ,anton9us ,lib]alis1 ,trans=m4 #aj2 ,ovid1 ,metam4 iv4 #a sqq4 ,m#aca ,!ssalian & ,boeotian k+s seem to h sacrific$ _! sons to ,laphy/ian ,zeus in/ead ( !mselves4 #dca ,pausanias1 ix4 #cd4 #e sqq42 ,apollonius ,rhodius1 ,argonautica1 iii4 #bfe sq42 ,hellanicus1 cit$ by ! ,s*olia/ on ,apollonius1 l4c4 ,apollodorus speaks ( ,a?amas z reign+ ov] ,boeotia 7,biblio!ca1 i4 #i4 #a72 ,tzetzes calls him k+ ( ,!bes 7,s*ol4 on ,lycophron1 #ba74 #dcb ,! old ,s*olia/ on ,apollonius ,rhodius 7,argon4 ii4 #fec7 tells u t d[n to 8 "t x 0 cu/om>y = "o ( ! desc5dants ( ,a?amas to ent] ! t[n-hall & sacrifice to ,laphy/ian ,zeus4 ,k4 ,o4 ,mll] sees 9 ?is cu/om a mitigation ( ! anci5t rule--in/ead ( be+ !mselves sacrific$1 ! scions ( royalty 7 n[ p]mitt$ to (f] sacrifice 7,or*om5us und die ,m9y]1#b p4 #aeh74 ,b ?is ne$ n h be5 s4 ,! obligation to s]ve z victims 9 c]ta9 circum/ances lay only on ! elde/ male ( ea* g5]ation 9 ! direct l9e2 ! sacrific]s may h be5 y\ng] bro!rs or m remote relations ( ! de/9$ victims4 ,x may be obs]v$ t 9 a dyna/y ( :i* ! elde/ males 7 regul>ly sacrific$1 ! k+s1 if !y 7 n !mselves ! victims1 mu/ always h be5 y\ng] sons4 #dcc ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 i4 p4 #caj4 #dcd ,i h foll[$ ,k4 ,o4 ,mll] 7,or*om5us und die ,m9y]1#b pp4 #afj1 #aff sq47 9 reg>d+ ! ram :i* sav$ ,phrixus z a my?ical expression = ! sub/itution ( a ram = a human victim4 ,he po9ts out t a ram 0 ! prop] victim to sacrifice to ,trophonius 7,pausanias1 ix4 #ci4 #f71 ^: v anci5t wor%ip 0 practis$ at ,lebadea n f> f ,or*om5us4 ,! pr9ciple ( vic>i\s sacrifices 0 famili> en\gh to ! ,greeks1 z ,k4 ,o4 ,mll] does n fail to indicate4 ,at ,potniae1 ne> ,!bes1 goats 7 sub/itut$ z victims in/ead ( boys 9 ! sacrifices (f]$ to ,dionysus 7,pausanias1 ix4 #h4 #b74 ,once :5 an oracle comm&$ t a girl %\ld be sacrific$ to ,muny*ian ,artemis 9 ord] to /ay a plague or fam9e1 a goat dress$ up z a girl 0 sacrific$ in/ead 7,eu/a?ius on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 ii4 #gcb1 p4 #cca2 ,apo/olius1 vii4 #aj2 ,p>oemiogr4 ,graeci1 ed4 ,leuts* et ,s*neidew91 ii4 #djb2 ,suidas1 s4v4 74 ,at ,salamis 9 ,cyprus a man 0 annually sacrific$ to ,aphrodite & aft]w>ds to ,diom$e1 b 9 lat] times an ox 0 sub/itut$ 7,porphyry1 ,de ab/95tia1 ii4 #ed74 ,at ,laodicea 9 ,syria a de] took ! place ( a maid5 z ! victim ye>ly (f]$ to ,a!na 7,porphyry1 op4 cit4 ii4 #ef74 ,s9ce human sacrifices h be5 =bidd5 by ! ,dut* ,gov]nm5t 9 ,borneo1 ! ,b>ito & o!r ,dyak tribes ( t isl& h kept cattle = ! sole purpose ( sacrific+ !m in/ead ( human be+s at ! close ( m\rn+ & at o!r religi\s c]emonies4 ,see ,a4 ,w4 ,nieuw5huis1 ,qu] dur* ,borneo1 ii4 7,leyd51 #aijg71 p4 #abg4 ,m#acb ,sacrifice ( k+s' sons among ! ,semites4 ,sacrifice ( *ildr5 to ,baal among ! ,semites4 #dce ,philo ( ,byblus1 quot$ by ,eusebius1 ,praep>atio ,evangelii1 i4 #aj4 #bi sq4 #dcf #b ,k+s iii4 #bg4 #dcg ,on ?is subject see ,dr4 ,g4 ,f4 ,moore1 s4v4 8,mole*1 ,molo*10 ,encyclopa$ia ,biblica1 iii4 #cahc sqq42 ,c4 ,p4 ,tiele1 ,ges*i*te d] ,religion im ,alt]tum1 i4 7,go?a1 #ahif7 pp4 #bdj-bdd4 #dch ,porphyry1 ,de ab/95tia1 ii4 #ef4 #dci ,plato1 ,m9os1 p4 #cae ,c4 #ddj ,plut>*1 ,regum et imp]atorum apoph!gmata1 ,gelon ,i4 #dda ,diodorus ,siculus1 xx4 #ad4 ,comp>e ,clit>*us1 cit$ by ,suidas1 s4v4 1 & by ! ,s*olia/ on ,plato1 ,republic1 p4 #ccg ,a2 ,j4 ,seld51 ,de dis ,syris 7,leipsic1 #affh71 pp4 #afi sq4 #ddb ,plut>*1 ,de sup]/itione1 #ac4 ,egyptian mo!rs 7 glad & pr\d :5 _! *ildr5 7 dev\r$ by ! holy crocodiles4 ,see ,aelian1 ,de natura animalium1 x4 #ba2 ,maximus ,tyrius1 ,diss]t4 viii4 #e2 ,josephus1 ,contra ,apion4 ii4 #g4 #ddc ,t]tullian1 ,apologeticus1 #f4 ,comp>e ,ju/91 xviii4 #f4 #ab2 ,ennius1 cit$ by ,fe/us1 s4v4 8,puelli10 pp4 #bdh1 #bdi1 ed4 ,c4 ,o4 ,mll]2 ,augu/9e1 ,de civitate ,dei1 vii4 #ai & #bf4 ,m#acc ,canaanite & ,hebrew cu/om ( burn+ *ildr5 9 hon\r ( ,baal or ,molo*4 ,sacrifices ( *ildr5 9 ,tophet4 #ddd 8,e abom9ation to ! ,"l1 :i* he hate?1 h !y done unto _! gods2 = ev5 _! sons & _! daught]s d !y burn 9 ! fire to _! gods10 ,deut]onomy xii4 #ca4 ,"h & 9 :at foll[s ,i quote ! ,revis$ ,engli% ,v]sion4 #dde ,deut]onomy xviii4 #i-ab4 #ddf ,leviticus xviii4 #ba4 #ddg ,psalms cvi4 #ce-ch4 #ddh #b ,k+s xvii4 #af1 #ag4 #ddi 8,& !y h built ! high places ( ,tophe?1 :i* is 9 ! valley ( ! son ( ,h9nom1 to burn _! sons & _! daught]s 9 ! fire10 ,j]emiah vii4 #ca2 8,& h built ! high places ( ,baal1 to burn _! sons 9 ! fire = burnt (f]+s unto ,baal10 id4 xix4 #e2 8,& !y built ! high places ( ,baal1 :i* are 9 ! valley ( ! son ( ,h9nom1 to cause _! sons & _! daught]s to pass ?r\gh ! fire unto ,mole*10 id4 xxxii4 #ce2 8,moreov] ?\ ha/ tak5 ?y sons & ?y daught]s1 :om ?\ ha/ borne unto me1 & ^! ha/ ?\ sacrific$ unto !m to be dev\r$4 ,7 ?y :or$oms a small matt]1 t ?\ ha/ sla9 my *ildr51 & deliv]$ !m up1 9 caus+ !m to pass ?r\gh ! fire unto !m80 ,ezekiel xvi4 #bj sq42 comp>e xx4 #bf1 #ca4 ,a comp>ison ( ^! passages %ews t ! expression 8to cause to pass ?r\gh ! fire10 s (t5 employ$ 9 ?is connexion 9 ,scripture1 meant to burn ! *ildr5 9 ! fire4 ,"s h attempt$ to int]pret ! words 9 a mild] s5se4 ,see ,j4 ,sp5c]1 ,de legibus ,hebraeorum 7,! ,hague1 #afhf71 i4 #bhh sqq4 #dej #b ,*ronicles xxviii4 #c4 ,9 ! correspond+ passage ( #b ,k+s 7xvi4 #c7 x is said t ,ahaz 8made 8 son to pass ?r\gh ! fire40 #dea #b ,*ronicles xxxiii4 #f2 comp>e #b ,k+s xxi4 #f4 #deb #b ,k+s xxiii4 #aj4 #dec ,j]ome on ,j]emiah vii4 #ca1 quot$ 9 ,w9]'s ,biblis*es ,realwrt]bu*1#b s4v4 8,?ope?40 ,m#acd ,did ! ,hebrews borr[ ! cu/om f ! ,canaanites8 ,cu/om ( ! ,seph>vites4 #ded ,! ,tel ,el-,am>na tablets prove t 8! prae-,israeliti% inhabitants ( ,canaan 7 closely ak9 to ! ,hebrews1 & t !y spoke sub/antially ! same language0 7,s4 ,r4 ,driv]1 9 ,au?ority & ,ar*aeology1 ,sacr$ & ,pr(ane1 edit$ by ,d4 ,g4 ,hog>? 7,london1 #ahii71 p4 #gf74 #dee #b ,k+s xvii4 #ca4 ,! id5tification ( ,seph>vaim is unc]ta94 ,see ,encyclopa$ia ,biblica1 iv4 #dcga sq4 ,m#ace ,only ! fir/born *ildr5 7 burn$4 #def ,micah vi4 #f-h4 #deg ,ezekiel xx4 #be1 #bf1 #ca4 #deh ,exodus xiii4 #a sq4 #dei ,exodus xiii4 #ab4 #dfj ,exodus xxxiv4 #ai4 ,9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion ! passage runs ?us3 8,all t op5e? ! matrix is m9e2 & e fir/l+ among ?y cattle1 :e!r ox or %eep1 t is male40 #dfa ,exodus xxii4 #bi sq4 ,! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion has 8! fir/ ( ?y ripe fruits in/ead ( ! abundance ( ?y fruits40 ,m#acf ,hebrew sacrifice ( fir/l+s3 r$emption ( ! fir/l+s ( m5 & asses4 #dfb ,numb]s xviii4 #ag sq4 ,else:]e1 h[ev]1 we read3 8,all ! fir/l+ males t are born ( ?y h]d & ( ?y flock ?\ %alt sanctify unto ! ,"l ?y ,god3 ?\ %alt d no "w ) ! fir/l+ ( ?9e ox1 nor %e> ! fir/l+ ( ?y flock4 ,?\ %alt eat x be=e ! ,"l ?y ,god ye> by ye> 9 ! place :i* ! ,"l %all *oose1 ?\ & ?y h\sehold10 ,deut]onomy xv4 #ai sq4 ,comp>e ,deut]onomy xii4 #f sq41 #ag sq4 ,to reconcile ?is ord9ance ) ! o!r we mu/ suppose t ! fle% 0 divid$ betwe5 ! ,levite & ! own] ( ! animal4 ,b p]haps ! rule 9 ,deut]onomy may repres5t ! old cu/om :i* obta9$ be=e ! rise ( ! prie/ly ca/e4 ,pr(4 ,s4 ,r4 ,driv] incl9es to ! latt] view 7,comm5t>y on ,deut]onomy1 p4 #ahg74 #dfc ,exodus xiii4 #ac1 xxxiv4 #bj4 #dfd ,numb]s xviii4 #ae sq4 ,comp>e ,numb]s iii4 #df-ea2 ,exodus xiii4 #ac1 xxxiv4 #bj4 ,m#acg ,sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 p]haps reg>d$ z an act ( h]oic virtue4 ,m#ach ,tradition ( ! orig9 ( ! ,passov]4 #dfe ,exodus xi4-xiii4 #af2 ,numb]s iii4 #ac1 viii4 #ag4 ,:ile _m po9ts 9 ?is /range /ory rema9 obscure1 ! reason :i* mov$ ! ,israelites ( old to spla% ! blood ( lambs on ! doorpo/s ( _! h\ses at ! ,passov] may p]haps h be5 n v diff]5t f t :i* induces ! ,sea ,dyaks ( ,borneo to d mu* ! same ?+ at ! pres5t day4 8,:5 !re is any great epidemic 9 ! c\ntry--:5 *ol]a or smallpox is kill+ its hundr$s on all sides--"o (t5 notices little (f]+s ( food hung on ! walls & f ! ceil+1 animals kill$ 9 sacrifice1 & blood spla%$ on ! po/s ( ! h\ses4 ,:5 "o asks :y all ?is is done1 !y say !y d x 9 ! hope t :5 ! evil _s1 :o is ?ir/+ = human lives1 comes along & sees ! (f]+s !y h made & ! animals kill$ 9 sacrifice1 he w be satisfi$ ) ^! ?+s1 & n take ! lives ( any ( ! p liv+ 9 ! ,dyak village h\se0 7,e4 ,h4 ,gomes1 ,sev5te5 ,ye>s among ! ,sea ,dyaks ( ,borneo1 ,london1 #aiaa1 p4 #bja74 ,simil>ly 9 ,we/]n ,africa1 :5 a pe/il5ce or an attack ( enemies is expect$1 x is cu/om>y to sacrifice %eep & goats & sme> _! blood on ! gateways ( ! village 7,miss ,m>y ,h4 ,k+sley1 ,travels 9 ,we/ ,africa1 p4 #ded1 comp>e p4 #de74 ,9 ,p]u1 :5 an ,indian hut is cleans$ & :itewa%$1 ! blood ( a llama is always spr9kl$ on ! doorway & int]nal walls 9 ord] to keep out ! evil _s 7,col4 ,*ur*1 cit$ by ,e4 ,j4 ,payne1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,new ,_w call$ ,am]ica1 i4 #cid1 note #b74 ,= m evid5ce ( ! cu/om ( p\r+ or sme>+ blood on ! ?re%old1 l9tel1 & side-po/s ( doors1 see ,ph4 ,paulits*ke1 ,e?nographie ,nordo/-,afrikas1 die gei/ige ,cultur d] ,dankil1 ,galla und ,soml 7,b]l91 #ahif71 pp4 #ch1 #dh2 ,j4 ,goldzih]1 ,muham$anis*e ,/udi51 ii4 #cbi2 ,s4 ,j4 ,curtiss1 ,primitive ,semitic ,religion ,to-day1 pp4 #aha-aic1 #bbg sq42 ,h4 ,c4 ,trumbull1 ,! ,?re%old ,cov5ant 7,new ,york1 #ahif71 pp4 #d sq41 #h sq41 #bf-bh1 #ff-fh4 ,p]haps ! orig9al int5tion ( ! cu/om 0 to av]t evil influ5ce1 especially evil spirits1 f ! door4 ,m#aci ,orig9ally ! fir/born *ildr5 seem to h be5 regul>ly sacrific$3 _! r$emption 0 a lat] mitigation ( ! rule4 #dff ,g5esis xxii4 #a-ac4 #dfg ,see = example ,fa!r ,baud91 9 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xvi4 7#ahid7 p4 #ccc2 ,a4 ,b4 ,ellis1 ,! ,yoruba-speak+ ,peoples ( ! ,slave ,coa/1 pp4 #aje sq4 ,m#adj ,attempts to outwit a malignant _s4 #dfh ,w4 ,e4 ,maxwell1 8,! ,folklore ( ! ,malays10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,/raits ,bran* ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society1 ,no4 #g 7,june #ahha71 p4 #ad2 ,w4 ,w4 ,skeat1 ,malay ,magic1 p4 #aab4 ,! bird 9 "q is ?\ght to be ! goat-suck] or night-j>4 ,m#ada ,! cu/om ( sacrific+ all ! fir/born1 :e!r ( animals or m51 0 probably a v anci5t ,semitic in/itution4 #dfi #b ,k+s iii4 #bg4 #dgj ,see above1 pp4 #aff1 #afg4 #dga ,z to ! r$emption ( ! fir/born among mod]n ,jews1 see ,l4 ,lw1 ,die ,leb5salt] 9 d] jdis*5 ,lit]atur 7,szeg$91 #ahge71 pp4 #aaj-aah2 ,budgett ,meak91 ,! ,moors 7,london1 #aijb71 pp4 #ddj sq4 ,m#adb ,sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 among v>i\s races4 #dgb ,j4 ,wellhaus51 ,prolegom5a zur ,ges*i*te ,israels1#c p4 #ij2 ,w4 ,rob]tson ,smi?1 ,religion ( ! ,semites1#b p4 #dfd4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 ,i publi%$ ! =ego+ discussion 9 ! second edition ( my book1 ,i 0 n aw>e t ! conclusion rea*$ 9 x _h be5 anticipat$ by ,pr(4 ,?4 ,nldeke1 :o has drawn ! same inf]5ce f ! same evid5ce4 ,see ,zeits*rift d] ,deuts*5 ,morg5lndis*5 ,gesells*aft1 xlii4 7#ahhh7 p4 #dhc4 ,i am happy to f9d myself 9 agreem5t ) s em95t an au?ority on ,semitic antiquity4 #dgc ,r4 ,br\gh ,smy?1 ,aborig9es ( ,victoria1 ii4 #caa4 ,9 ! ,lurit*a tribe ( c5tral ,au/ralia 8"y *ildr5 are sometimes kill$ & eat51 & x is n an infrequ5t cu/om1 :5 a *ild is 9 weak heal?1 to kill a y\ng] & heal?y "o & !n to fe$ ! weakl+ on its fle%1 ! idea be+ t ?is w give ! weak *ild ! /r5g? ( ! /rong] "o0 7,sp5c] & ,gill51 ,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 p4 #dge74 ,! practice seems to h be5 common among ! ,au/ralian aborig9es4 ,see ,w4 ,e4 ,/anbridge1 quot$ by ,r4 ,br\gh ,smy?1 op4 cit4 i4 #eb2 ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,au/ralia1 pp4 #gdi1 #gej4 #dgd ,g4 ,scriv9]1 9 ,e4 ,curr's ,! ,au/ralian ,race1 ii4 #ahb4 #dge ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,au/ralia1 p4 #gej4 #dgf ,s4 ,gason1 9 ,e4 ,curr's ,! ,au/ralian ,race1 ii4 #aai4 #dgg ,fa!r ,mazzuconi1 9 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 xxvii4 7#ahee7 pp4 #cfh sq4 #dgh ,j4 ,j4 ,m4 de ,groot1 ,religi\s ,sy/em ( ,*9a1 ii4 #fgi1 iv4 #cfd4 #dgi ,j4 ,j4 ,m4 de ,groot1 op4 cit4 iv4 #cfe4 ,on ^! ,*9ese reports ,pr(4 de ,groot rem>ks 7op4 cit4 iv4 #cff73 8,q at a loss1 h[ev]1 we are to expla9 t eat+ ( fir/born sons by _! own ne>e/ k9sfolk1 absolutely inconsi/5t z x is ) a prim>y law ( tribal life 9 g5]al1 :i* imp]i\sly dem&s t ! tribe %\ld make itself /rong 9 male cognates1 b n indulge 9 self-de/ruction by kill+ its natural def5d]s4 ,we feel1 !re=e1 /rongly incl9$ to believe ! /atem5t fabul\s40 ,su* scepticism implies an op9ion ( ! good s5se & =esight ( savages :i* is f> f be+ ju/ifi$ by ! facts4 ,_m savage tribes h 8indulg$ 9 self-de/ruction0 by kill+ a l>ge proportion ( _! *ildr51 bo? male & female4 ,see bel[1 pp4 #aif sq4 #dhj ,w4 ,crooke1 ,popul> ,religion & ,folklore ( ,nor!rn ,india1 ii4 #afi4 #dha ,h4 ,a4 ,rose1 8,unlucky ,*ildr510 ,folklore1 xiii4 7#aijb7 p4 #fc2 id41 9 ,indian ,antiqu>y1 xxxi4 7#aijb7 pp4 #afb sq4 ,mr4 ,rose is ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,e?nography 9 ! ,punjaub4 ,! au?orities cit$ by him are ,moore's ,h9du ,infanticide1 pp4 #aih sq41 & ,%]r+'s ,h9du ,tribes & ,ca/es1 iii4 p4 #ff4 ,m#adc ,sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 among ! ,borans & o!r tribes to ! s\? ( ,abyss9ia4 ,fir/born male *ildr5 put to dea? 9 ,ug&a4 #dhb ,capta9 ,philip ,maud1 8,exploration 9 ! ,s\!rn ,bord]l& ( ,abyss9ia10 ,! ,geographical ,j\rnal1 xxiii4 7#aijd7 pp4 #efg sq4 #dhc ,exodus iv4 #bd-bf4 #dhd ,capta9 ,c4 ,h4 ,/ig&1 ,to ,abyss9ia ?r\gh an ,unkn[n ,l& 7,london1 #aiaj71 pp4 #bcd sq4 #dhe ,j4 ,roscoe1 8,fur!r ,notes on ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,bag&a10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxii4 7#aijb7 p4 #cj4 ,mr4 ,roscoe in=ms me t a simil> cu/om prevails also 9 ,koki & ,bunyoro4 #dhf ,j4 ,l4 ,krapf1 ,travels1 ,rese>*es1 & ,mission>y ,lab\rs dur+ an ,eighte5 ,ye>s' ,resid5ce 9 ,ea/]n ,africa 7,london1 #ahfj71 pp4 #fi sq4 ,dr4 ,krapf1 :o reports ! cu/om at second h&1 ?9ks t ! exi/5ce ( ! pill> may be d\bt$1 b t ! re/ ( ! /ory h>monises well en\gh ) ,african sup]/ition4 #dhg ,j4 ,macdonald1 ,light 9 ,africa#b 7,london1 #ahij71 p4 #aef4 ,9 ! text ,i h embodi$ "s full] explanations & p>ticul>s :i* my fri5d ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,macdonald 0 good en\gh to s5d me 9 a lett] dat$ ,septemb] #af?1 #ahii4 ,among ! tribes ) :i* ,mr4 ,macdonald is be/ acqua9t$ ! cu/om is obsolete & lives only 9 tradition2 =m]ly x 0 univ]sally practis$4 ,m#add ,sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 9 ,europe & ,am]ica4 ,sacrifice ( fir/born *ildr5 to ! sun4 ,sacrifice ( *ildr5 9 ,p]u4 #dhh ,f4 ,j4 ,mone1 ,ges*i*te des ,heid5?ums im nrdli*5 ,europa 7,leipsic & ,d>m/adt1 #ahbb-ahbc71 i4 #aai4 #dhi ,vallancey1 ,collectanea de rebus ,hib]nicis1 vol4 iii4 7,dubl91 #aghf7 p4 #deg2 ,d4 ,nutt1 ,! ,voyage ( ,bran1 ii4 #adi-aea1 #cjd sq42 ,p4 ,w4 ,joyce1 ,social ,hi/ory ( ,anci5t ,irel&1 i4 #bge sq41 #bha-bhd4 ,! au?ority = ! tradition is ! ,d9ns*5*as or ,d9ns5*us1 a docum5t compil$ 9 ! elev5? & twelf? c5turies out ( old] mat]ials4 ,mr4 ,joyce discr$its ! tradition ( human sacrifice4 #dij ,fr4 ,boas1 9 8,f\r? ,annual ,report on ! ,nor?-,we/]n ,tribes ( ,canada10 ,report ( ! ,briti% ,association = #ahhh1 p4 #bdb2 id41 9 ,fif? ,report on ! ,nor?-,we/]n ,tribes ( ,canada1 p4 #eb 7sep>ate repr9t f ! ,report ( ! ,briti% ,association = #ahhi74 #dia ,fr4 ,boas1 9 ,fif? ,report on ! ,nor?-,we/]n ,tribes ( ,canada1 p4 #df 7sep>ate repr9t f ! ,report ( ! ,briti% ,association = #ahhi74 #dib ,w4 ,/ra*ey1 ,hi/orie ( travaile into ,virg9ia ,britannia 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahdi71 p4 #hd4 #dic ,j4 ,bricknell1 ,! ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a 7,dubl91 #agcg71 pp4 #cdb sq4 ,i h tak5 ! lib]ty ( alt]+ slightly ! writ]'s some:at ecc5tric punctuation4 #did ,see above1 p4 #afb4 #die ,a4 de ,h]r]a1 ,! ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ! ,va/ ,cont95t & ,isl&s ( ,am]ica1 translat$ by ,capt4 ,john ,/ev5s 7,london1 #agbe-f71 iv4 #cdg sq4 ,comp>e ,j4 de ,aco/a1 ,natural & ,moral ,hi/ory ( ! ,indies 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahhj71 ii4 #cdd4 #dif ,fr4 ,x]es1 ,relation vridique de la conqute du ,p]\ et de la ,prov9ce de ,cuzco nomme ,n\velle-,ca/ille 79 ,h4 ,t]naux-,compans's ,voyages1 relations et mmoires1 etc41 ,p>is1 #ahcg71 p4 #ec4 #dig ,juan de ,velasco1 ,hi/oire du royaume de ,quito1 i4 7,p>is1 #ahdj7 p4 #ajf 7=m+ vol4 xviii4 ( ,h4 ,t]naux-,compans's ,voyages1 relations et mmoires1 etc474 #dih ,a4 ,r4 ,wallace1 ,n>rative ( ,travels on ! ,amazon & ,rio ,negro 7,london1 #ahhi71 p4 #cee4 #dii ,w4 ,b>brooke ,grubb1 ,an ,unkn[n ,p 9 an ,unkn[n ,l& 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #bcc4 ,m#ade ,! 8sacr$ spr+0 9 anci5t ,italy4 #ejj ,fe/us1 ,de v]borum significatione1 s4vv4 8,mam]t9i10 8,sacrani10 & 8,v] sacrum10 pp4 #aeh1 #cgj1 #cga1 #cgi1 ed4 ,c4 ,o4 ,mll]2 ,s]vius on ,virgil1 ,a54 vii4 #gif2 ,nonius ,m>cellus1 s4v4 8v] sacrum10 p4 #ebb 7p4 #faj1 ed4 ,qui*]at72 ,v>ro1 ,r]um ru/ic>um1 iii4 #af4 #bi2 ,dionysius ,halic>nas5sis1 ,antiquit4 ,rom4 i4 #af & #bc sq41 ii4 #a4 #b4 #eja ,/rabo1 v4 #d4 #b & #ab2 ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 iii4 #aaj2 ,fe/us1 ,de v]borum significatione1 s4v4 8,irp9i10 ed4 ,c4 ,o4 ,mll]1 p4 #ajf4 ,x is wor?y ( note t ! ?ree sw>ms :i* aft]w>ds develop$ into ! ,pic5i1 ! ,samnites1 & ! ,hirp9i 7 said to h be5 guid$ by a woodpeck]1 a bull1 & a wolf respectively1 ( :i* ! woodpeck] 7picus7 & ! wolf 7hirpus7 gave _! names to ! ,pic5i & ! ,hirp9i4 ,! tradition may p]haps pres]ve a trace ( totemism1 b 9 ! abs5ce ( cle>] evid5ce x w\ld be ra% to assume t x does s4 ,! woodpeck] 0 sacr$ among ! ,lat9s1 & a woodpeck] z well z a wolf is said to h f$ ! tw9s ,romulus & ,remus 7,plut>*1 ,quae/4 ,rom4 #ba2 ,ovid1 ,fa/i1 iii4 #cg sq474 ,does ?is leg5d po9t to ! exi/5ce ( a wolf-clan & a woodpeck]-clan at ,rome8 ,!re 0 p]haps a simil> conjunction ( wolf & woodpeck] at ,soracte1 = ! woodpeck] is spok5 ( z ! bird ( ,f]onia 78picus ,f]onius10 ,fe/us1 s4v4 8,osc9es10 p4 #aig1 ed4 ,c4 ,o4 ,mll]71 a goddess 9 ^: sanctu>y at ,soracte c]ta9 m5 w5t by ! "n ( ,soranian ,wolves 7,s]vius1 on ,virgil1 ,a54 xi4 #ghe2 ,pl9y1 ,nat4 hi/4 vii4 #ai2 ,/rabo1 v4 #b4 #i74 ,^! 8,soranian ,wolves0 w meet u aga9 lat] on4 #ejb ,livy1 xxii4 #i sq42 ,plut>*1 ,fabius ,maximus1 #d4 #ejc ,livy1 xxxiv4 #dd4 #ejd ,dionysius ,halic>nas5sis1 ,antiquit4 ,rom4 i4 #bd4 #eje ,s*wegl] ?\ght x h>dly op5 to "q t ! 8sacr$ spr+0 0 a sub/itute = an orig9al cu/om ( human sacrifice 7,rmis*e ,ges*i*te1 i4 #bdj sq474 ,! inf]5ce is d5i$ on insuffici5t gr\nds by ,r4 von ,ih]+ 7,vorges*i*te d] ,indoeuroper1 pp4 #cji sqq474 #ejf ,dionysius ,halic>nas5sis1 ,antiquit4 ,rom4 i4 #af4 #a4 ,rhegium 9 ,italy 0 f\nd$ by ,*alcidian coloni/s1 :o 9 ob$i5ce to ! ,delphic ,oracle _h be5 d$icat$ z a ti!-(f]+ to ,apollo on acc\nt ( a de>? 7,/rabo1 vi4 #a4 #f1 p4 #beg74 ,ju/9 speaks ( ! ,gauls s5d+ out ?ree hundr$ ?\s& m51 8z x 7 a sacr$ spr+10 to seek a new home 7,ju/91 xxiv4 #d4 #a74 ,m#adf ,diff]5t motives may h l$ to ! practice ( kill+ ! fir/born4 ,a belief 9 ! rebir? ( s\ls may 9 "s cases h op]at$ to produce infanticide1 especially ( ! fir/born4 ,! ,h9doos believe t a man is reborn 9 8 son1 :ile at ! same "t he dies 9 8 own p]son4 #ejg ,! ,au/ralian aborig9es resort to infanticide to keep d[n ! numb] ( a family4 ,b 8! numb] is kept d[n1 n ) any idea at all ( regulat+ ! food supply1 s f> z ! adults are conc]n$1 b simply f ! po9t ( view t1 if ! "m is suckl+ "o *ild1 %e _c prop]ly provide food = ano!r1 q ap>t f ! "q ( ! tr\ble ( c>ry+ two *ildr5 ab\t4 ,an ,au/ralian native nev] looks f> en\gh ahead to consid] :at w be ! effect on ! food supply 9 future ye>s if he all[s a p>ticul> *ild to live2 :at affects him is simply ! "q ( h[ x w int]f]e ) ! "w ( 8 wife s f> z _! own camp is conc]n$0 7,sp5c] & ,gill51 ,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 p4 #bfd74 #ejh ,see above1 pp4 #eg1 #afj sq4 #eji ,above1 p4 #ahe4 #eaj ,fa!r ,baud91 8,le ,fti*isme10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xvi4 7#ahhd7 p4 #bei4 #eaa ,! ,laws ( ,manu1 ix4 #h1 p4 #cbi1 ,g4 ,bhl]'s translation 7,sacr$ ,books ( ! ,ea/1 vol4 xxv474 ,on ?is ,h9doo doctr9e ( re9c>nation1 its logical consequ5ces & its analogies 9 o!r p>ts ( ! _w1 see ,j4 von ,negele91 8,e9e ,quelle d] indis*5 ,seel5w&]ungvor/ellung10 ,ar*iv fr ,religionswiss5s*aft1 vi4 7#aijc7 pp4 #cbj-ccc4 ,comp>e ,e4 ,s4 ,h>tl&1 ,! ,leg5d ( ,p]seus1 i4 #bah sq42 id41 ,primitive ,pat]nity 7,london1 #aiji-aiaj71 ii4 #aif sqq4 #eab ,h4 ,a4 ,j4 ,a4 ,rose1 8,unlucky & ,lucky ,*ildr51 & "s ,bir? ,sup]/itions10 ,indian ,antiqu>y1 xxxi4 7#aijb7 p4 #eaf2 id41 9 ,folklore1 xiii4 7#aijb7 pp4 #bgh sq4 ,z to ! ,khatris1 see ,d4 ,c4 ,j4 ,ibbetson1 ,outl9es ( ,panjab ,e?nography1 pp4 #bie sq42 ,h4 ,h4 ,risley1 ,! ,tribes & ,ca/es ( ,b5gal1 i4 #dgh sqq42 ,w4 ,crooke1 ,! ,tribes & ,ca/es ( ! ,nor?-we/]n ,prov9ces & ,oudh1 iii4 #bfd sqq4 ,m#adg ,pa9ful dilemma ( a fa!r4 #eac ,! same sugge/ion has be5 made by ,dr4 ,e4 ,we/]m>ck 7,! ,orig9 & ,developm5t ( ! ,moral ,ideas1 i4 7,london1 #aijf7 pp4 #dfj sq474 ,"s ye>s ago1 be=e ! publication ( 8 book & :ile ! pres5t volume 0 /ill 9 pro(1 ,dr4 ,we/]m>ck & ,i 9 conv]sation discov]$ t we _h indep5d5tly arriv$ at ! same conjectural explanation ( ! cu/om ( kill+ ! fir/born4 ,m#adh ,! same notion ( ! rebir? ( ! fa!r 9 ! son w\ld expla9 :y 9 ,polynesia infants succe$$ to ! *iefta9%ip z soon z !y 7 born1 _! fa!rs abdicat+ 9 _! fav\r4 #ead ,capt4 ,j4 ,cook1 ,voyages 7,london1 #ahji71 i4 #bbe sq42 ,capt4 ,j4 ,wilson1 ,mission>y ,voyage to ! ,s\!rn ,pacific ,ocean 7,london1 #agii71 pp4 #cbg1 #ccj1 #ccc2 ,w4 ,ellis1 ,polynesian ,rese>*es1#b iii4 #ii-aja2 ,j4 ,a4 ,m\r5h\t1 ,voyages aux les du ,gr& ,ocan1 ii4 #ac sq42 ,ma?ias ,g4 ----1 ,lettres sur les les ,m>quises 7,p>is1 #ahdc71 pp4 #ajc sq42 ,h4 ,hale1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,explor+ ,exp$ition1 ,e?nography & ,philology 7,philadelphia1 #ahdf71 p4 #cd4 ,m#adi ,su* a rule ( succession might easily lead to a practice ( infanticide4 ,preval5ce ( infanticide 9 ,polynesia4 #eae ,w4 ,ellis1 ,polynesian ,rese>*es1#b i4 #bea-bec4 ,m#aej ,9 "s places ! fa!r ei!r abdicates :5 8 son atta9s to manhood or is =cibly depos$ by him4 #eaf ,j4 ,e4 ,ersk9e1 ,j\rnal ( a ,cruise among ! ,isl&s ( ! ,we/]n ,pacific 7,london1 #ahec71 p4 #bcc4 #eag ,j4 ,williams1 ,n>rative ( ,mission>y ,ent]prises 9 ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s 7,london1 #ahcf71 pp4 #aag sq4 #eah ,j4 ,campbell1 ,travels 9 ,s\? ,africa1 ,second ,j\rney 7,london1 #ahbb71 ii4 #bgf4 ,m#aea ,! cu/om ( ! deposition ( ! fa!r by 8 son may p]haps be trac$ 9 ,greek my? & leg5d4 ,cronus & 8 *ildr54 #eai ,hesiod1 ,!ogony1 #acg sqq41 #dec sqq41 #hhf sqq42 ,apollodorus1 ,biblio!ca1 i4 #a-c4 #ebj ,above1 pp4 #agi sq4 ,traces ( a cu/om ( sacrific+ ! *ildr5 in/ead ( ! fa!r may p]haps be f\nd 9 ! leg5ds t ,m5oeceus1 son ( ,creon1 di$ to save ,!bes1 & t "o or m ( ! daught]s ( ,ere*!us p]i%$ to save ,a!ns4 ,see ,euripides1 ,pho5issae1 #hhi sqq42 ,apollodorus1 iii4 #f4 #g1 iii4 #ae4 #d2 ,s*ol4 on ,ari/ides1 ,pana!n4 p4 #aac1 ed4 ,d9dorf2 ,cic]o1 ,tuscul41 i4 #dh4 #aaf2 id41 ,de natura deorum1 iii4 #ai4 #ej2 ,w4 ,h4 ,ros*]1 ,lexikon d4 grie*4 und rm4 ,my?ologie1 i4 #abih sq41 ii4 #bgid sq4 ,m#aeb ,leg5d ( ,o$ipus1 :o slew 8 fa!r & m>ri$ 8 "m4 ,m>riage ) a wid[$ que5 sometimes =ms a legitimate title to ! k+dom4 ,m>riage ) a /epmo!r or a si/]1 a mode ( secur+ ! succession ( ! k+'s own *ildr51 & s ( transf]r+ ! inh]itance f ! female to ! male l9e4 ,bro!r & si/] m>riages 9 royal families4 #eba ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bfi sqq4 #ebb ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bhc4 ,! ,o$ipus leg5d w\ld con=m /ill m closely to cu/om if we c\ld suppose t m>riage ) a "m 0 =m]ly all[$ 9 cases :]e ! k+ _h nei!r a si/] nor a /epmo!r1 by m>ry+ :om he c\ld o!rwise legalise 8 claim to ! ?rone4 #ebc ,examples ( ?is cu/om are collect$ by me 9 a note on ,pausanias1 i4 #g4 #a 7vol4 ii4 p4 #he74 ,= o!r in/ances see ,v4 ,noel1 8le de ,madagasc>1 re*]*es sur les ,sakkalava10 ,bullet9 de la ,socit de ,gographie 7,p>is71 ,deuxime ,srie1 xx4 7,p>is1 #ahdc7 pp4 #fc sq4 7among ! ,sakkalavas ( ,madagasc>72 ,v4 ,l4 ,cam]on1 ,across ,africa 7,london1 #ahgg71 ii4 #gj1 #adi2 ,j4 ,roscoe1 8,fur!r ,notes on ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,bag&a10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxii4 7#aijb7 p4 #bg 7among ! ,bag&a ( ,c5tral ,africa72 ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]1 ,totemism & ,exogamy1 ii4 #ebc1 #ech 7among ! ,banyoro & ,bahima72 ,j4 ,dos ,santos1 8,ea/]n ,e?iopia10 9 ,g4 ,mc,call ,!al's ,records ( ,s\?-,ea/]n ,africa1 vii4 #aia 7z to ! k+s ( ,s(ala 9 ea/]n ,africa74 ,b ,dos ,santos's /atem5t is d\bt$ by ,dr4 ,mc,call ,!al 7op4 cit4 p4 #cie74 #ebd ,?is explanation ( ! cu/om 0 anticipat$ by ,mc,lennan3 8,ano!r rule ( *iefly succession1 :i* has be5 m5tion$1 t :i* gave ! *ief%ip to a si/]'s son1 appe>s to h be5 nullifi$ 9 "s cases by an extraord9>y b effective exp$i5t--by ! *ief1 t is1 m>ry+ 8 own si/]0 7,! ,patri>*al ,!ory1 bas$ on ! ,pap]s ( ! late ,john ,f]guson ,mc,lennan1 edit$ & complet$ by ,donald ,mc,lennan 7,london1 #ahhe71 p4 #ie74 #ebe ,comp>e ,cic]o1 ,de natura deorum1 ii4 #bf4 #ff2 ,plut>*1 ,de vita et poesi ,hom]i1 ii4 #if2 ,lactantius1 ,div94 ,in/4 i4 #aj2 ,firmicus ,mat]nus1 ,de errore pr(an>um religionum1 xii4 #d4 ,m#aec ,k+s' sons sacrific$ in/ead ( _! fa!rs4 ,sub/itution ( condemn$ crim9als4 #ebf ,porphyry1 ,de ab/95tia1 ii4 #ed4 ,m#aed ,a cu/om ( putt+ k+s to dea? at %ort int]vals might ext+ui% ! families f :i* ! k+s 7 drawn2 b ?is t5d5cy w\ld be no b> to ! obs]vance ( ! cu/om4 ,_m races h indulg$ 9 practices :i* t5d directly to _! ext9ction4 #ebg ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #bib sqq4 #ebh ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #bfi sqq4 #ebi ,m5 & wom5 ( ! ,khly/i sect 9 ,russia abhor m>riage2 & 9 ! sect ( ! ,skoptsi or ,eunu*s ! devotees mutilate !mselves4 ,see ,sir ,d4 ,mack5zie ,wallace1 ,russia4 7,london #ahgg71 p4 #cjb4 ,z to collective suicide1 see above1 pp4 #dc sqq4 #ecj ,above1 p4 #aia4 #eca ,fa!r ,pic>da1 8,aut\r de ,m&ra1 notes sur l',ouzig[a1 l',oukwr et l',oudoe 7,zangueb>710 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xviii4 7#ahhf7 p4 #bhd4 #ecb ,! ,/range ,adv5tures ( ,&rew ,battell 7,hakluyt ,society1 #aija71 pp4 #cb1 #hd sq4 #ecc ,f4 de ,az>a1 ,voyages dans l',amrique ,mridionale 7,p>is1 #ahji71 ii4 #aae-aag4 ,! writ] affirms t ! cu/om 0 univ]sally e/abli%$ among all ! wom5 ( ! ,mbaya nation1 z well z among ! wom5 ( o!r ,indian nations4 #ecd ,r4 ,s\!y1 ,hi/ory ( ,brazil1 iii4 7,london1 #ahai7 p4 #che4 #ece ,w4 ,b>brooke ,grubb1 ,an ,unkn[n ,p 9 an ,unkn[n ,l& 7,london1 #aiaa71 p4 #bcc4 #ecf ,hugh ,goldie1 ,calab> & its ,mission1 new edition ) additional *apt]s by ! ,rev4 ,john ,taylor ,dean 7,ed9burgh & ,london1 #aija71 pp4 #cd sq41 #cg sq4 ,! preface to ! orig9al edition ( ?is "w is dat$ #ahij4 ,by ?is "t ! tribal suicide is probably complete4 ,m#aee ,transmission ( ! s\l ( ! sla9 k+ to 8 successor4 ,transmission ( ! s\ls ( *iefs to _! sons 9 ,nias4 #ecg ,see above1 pp4 #ba1 #bc1 #bf sq4 #ech ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #daj sqq4 #eci ,j4 ,t4 ,nieuw5huis5 en ,h4 ,c4 ,b4 von ,ros5b]g1 8,v]slag omtr5t het eil& ,nias10 ,v]h&el+5 van het ,batav4 ,g5oots*ap van ,kun/5 en ,wet5s*app51 xxx4 7#ahfc7 p4 #he2 ,h4 von ,ros5b]g1 ,d] ,malayis*e ,ar*ipel1 p4 #afj2 ,l4 ,n4 ,h4 ,a4 ,*atel91 8,godsdi5/ en bijgelo( d] ,niass]s10 ,tijds*rift voor ,indis*e ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde1 xxvi4 7#ahhj7 pp4 #adb sq42 ,h4 ,sund]mann1 8,die ,insel ,nias und die ,mission daselb/10 ,allgeme9e ,missions-,zeits*rift1 xi4 7#ahhd7 p4 #dde2 ,e4 ,modigliani1 ,un ,viaggio a ,nz1 pp4 #bgg1 #dgi sq42 id41 ,l',isola delle ,donne 7,milan1 #ahid71 p4 #aie4 ,m#aef ,succession to ! s\l among ! ,am]ican ,indians & o!r races4 #edj ,*4 ,wilkes1 ,n>rative ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,explor+ ,exp$ition 7,london1 #ahde71 iv4 #dec2 ,unit$ ,/ates ,explor+ ,exp$ition1 ,e?nography & ,philology1 by ,h4 ,hale 7,philadelphia1 #ahdf71 p4 #bjc4 #eda ,brasseur de ,b\rb\rg1 ,hi/oire des nations civilises du ,mexique et de l',amrique-,c5trale1 ii4 #egd4 #edb ,d4 ,g4 ,br9ton1 ,my?s ( ! ,new ,_w#b 7,new ,york1 #ahgf71 pp4 #bgj sq4 #edc ,relations des ,jsuites1 #afcf1 p4 #acj 7,canadian repr9t1 ,quebec1 #aheh74 #edd ,a4 ,ba/ian1 ,die ,voelk] des oe/li*5 ,asi51 iv4 #chf4 #ede ,s]vius on ,virgil1 ,a54 iv4 #fhe2 ,cic]o1 ,9 ,v]r4 ii4 #e4 #de2 ,k4 ,f4 ,h]mann1 ,lehrbu* d] grie*is*5 ,privatalt]?m]1 ed4 ,h4 ,blmn]1 p4 #cfb1 note #a4 #edf ,j4 ,h>l& & ,t4 ,t4 ,wilk9son1 ,lanca%ire ,folk-lore 7,london1 #ahhb71 pp4 #g sq4 ,m#aeg ,succession to ! s\l 9 ,africa4 ,inspir$ repres5tatives ( dead k+s 9 ,africa4 #edg ,! ,travels ( ! ,jesuits 9 ,e?iopia1 collect$ & hi/orically dige/$ by ,f4 ,bal?az> ,tellez 7,london1 #agaj71 p4 #aih4 #edh ,ph4 ,paulits*ke1 ,e?nographie ,nordo/-,afrikas1 die gei/ige ,cultur d] ,dankil1 ,galla und ,soml 7,b]l91 #ahif71 p4 #bh4 #edi ,?is acc\nt ,i receiv$ f my fri5d ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,roscoe 9 a lett] dat$ ,m5go1 ,ug&a1 ,april #bg1 #aijj4 ,see 8 8,fur!r ,notes on ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,bag&a10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxii4 7#aijb7 pp4 #db1 #de sq41 :]e1 h[ev]1 ! acc\nt is 9 "s po9ts n q s explicit4 #eej ,j4 ,dos ,santos1 8,ea/]n ,e?iopia10 9 ,g4 ,mc,call ,!al's ,records ( ,s\?-ea/]n ,africa1 vii4 #aif sq4 #eea ,see above1 p4 #ce4 #eeb ,see ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #dbc sqq4 ,m#aeh ,"r ( succession to ! k+dom conf]r$ by possession ( p]sonal relics ( dead k+s4 ,sometimes a k+ has to eat a portion ( 8 pr$ecessor4 #eec ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #cfb sqq4 #eed ,a4 ,gr&idi]1 8,madagasc>10 ,bull4 de la ,socit de ,gographie 7,p>is71 ,,vime ,srie1 iii4 7#ahgb7 pp4 #djb sq4 #eee ,nicolaus ,damasc5us1 quot$ by ,/obaeus1 ,florilegium1 cxxiii4 #ab 7,fragm5ta hi/oricorum ,graecorum1 ed4 ,c4 ,mll]1 iii4 #dfc74 ,! ,iss$ones ( ,scy?ia us$ to gild ! skulls ( _! dead fa!rs & (f] great sacrifices to !m annually 7,h]odotus1 iv4 #bf72 !y also us$ ! skulls z dr9k+-cups 7,mela1 ii4 #a4 #i74 ,! ,boii ( ,cisalp9e ,gaul cut (f ! head ( a ,roman g5]al :om !y _h defeat$1 & hav+ gild$ ! scalp !y us$ x z a sacr$ vessel = ! p\r+ ( libations1 & ! prie/s drank out ( x 7,livy1 xxiii4 #bd4 #ab74 #eef ,sir ,h4 ,john/on1 ,! ,ug&a ,protectorate 7,london1 #aijb71 ii4 #hbh4 #eeg ,mission>y ,holley1 8tude sur les ,egbas10 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xiii4 7#ahha7 p4 #cec4 ,! writ] speaks ( 8le roi d',alakei10 b ?is is probably a mi/ake or a mispr9t4 ,z to ! ,alake or k+ ( ,abeokuta1 see ,sir ,william ,macgregor1 8,lagos1 ,abeokuta1 & ! ,alake10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,african ,society1 ,no4 xii4 7,july1 #aijd7 pp4 #dga sq4 ,"s ye>s ago ! ,alake visit$ ,engl& & ,i _h ! hon\r ( be+ pres5t$ to 8 ,maje/y by ,sir ,william ,macgregor at ,cambridge4 #eeh ,f4 ,t4 ,valdez1 ,six ,ye>s ( a ,travell]'s ,life 9 ,we/]n ,africa1 ii4 #afa sq4 #eei ,mission>y ,holley1 9 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 liv4 7#ahhb7 p4 #hg4 ,! 8,k+ ( ,ake0 m5tion$ by ! writ] is ! ,alake or k+ ( ,abeokuta2 = ,ake is ! pr9cipal qu>t] ( ,abeokuta1 & ,alake means 8,"l ( ,ake40 ,see ,sir ,william ,macgregor1 l4c4 #efj ,extract$ f a lett] ( ,mr4 ,h>old ,g4 ,p>sons1 dat$ ,lagos1 ,septemb] #bh?1 #aijc1 & address$ to ,mr4 ,!odore ,a4 ,cooke ( #ed ,oakley ,/reet1 ,*elsea1 ,london1 :o 0 s k9d z to s5d me ! lett] ) leave to make use ( x4 8,x is usual = great *iefs to report or ann\nce _! succession to ! ,oni ( ,ife1 or to ! ,alaf9 ( ,oyo1 ! intimation be+ accompani$ by a pres5t0 7,sir ,w4 ,macgregor1 l4c474 ,m#aei ,succession to ! s\l ( ! sla9 k+ or prie/4 #efa ,see above1 pp4 #bc1 #bf sq4 ,dr4 ,e4 ,we/]m>ck has sugge/$ z an alt]native to ! !ory 9 ! text1 8t ! new k+ is suppos$ to inh]it1 n ! pr$ecessor's s\l1 b 8 div9ity or hol9ess1 :i* is look$ ^u 9 ! light ( a my/]i\s entity1 tempor>ily seat$ 9 ! rul+ sov]eign1 b sep>able f him & transf]able to ano!r individual40 ,see 8 article1 8,! ,kill+ ( ! ,div9e ,k+10 ,man1 viii4 7#aijh7 pp4 #bb-bd4 ,!re is a good deal to be said 9 fav\r ( ,dr4 ,we/]m>ck's !ory1 :i* is support$ 9 p>ticul> by ! sanctity attribut$ to ! regalia4 ,b on ! :ole ,i see no suffici5t reason to ab&on ! view adopt$ 9 ! text1 & ,i am confirm$ 9 x by ! ,%illuk evid5ce1 :i* 0 unkn[n to ,dr4 ,we/]m>ck :5 he prop\nd$ 8 !ory4 ,m#afj ,! s+le combat ( ! ,k+ ( ! ,wood at ,nemi 0 probably a mitigation ( an old] cu/om ( putt+ him to dea? at ! end ( a fix$ p]iod4 #efb ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #a sqq41 ii4 #cgh sqq4 #efc ,see above1 pp4 #ba sq41 #bg sq4 #efd ,see above1 pp4 #dg sq4 ,m#afa ,cu/om ( kill+ ! human repres5tatives ( ! tree-_s4 ,m#afb ,bav>ian cu/oms ( behead+ ! repres5tatives ( ! tree-_s at ,:itsuntide4 #efe ,fr4 ,panz]1 ,beitrag zur deuts*5 ,my?ologie 7,muni*1 #ahdh-ahee71 i4 #bce sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus 7,b]l91 #ahge71 pp4 #cbj sq4 ,9 "s villages ( ,l[] ,bav>ia "o ( ! ,pf+/l's comrades c>ries 8! ,may10 :i* is a "y bir*-tree wrea!d & decorat$4 ,ano!r "n = ?is ,:itsuntide mask]1 bo? 9 ,l[] & ,upp] ,bav>ia1 is ! ,wat]-bird4 ,sometimes he c>ries a /raw effigy ( a mon/r\s bird ) a long neck & a wood5 beak1 :i* is ?r[n into ! wat] in/ead ( ! be>]4 ,! wood5 beak is aft]w>ds nail$ to ! ridge ( a b>n1 :i* x is suppos$ to protect aga9/ lightn+ & fire = a :ole ye>1 till ! next ,pf+/l makes 8 appe>ance4 ,see ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 i4 #cge sq41 #ajjc sq4 ,9 ,silesia ! ,:itsuntide mumm]1 call$ ! ,rau*fiess or ,raupfiess1 sometimes /&s 9 a leafy arb\r1 :i* is m\nt$ on a c>t & drawn ab\t ! village by f\r or six lads4 ,!y collect gifts at ! h\ses & f9ally ?r[ ! c>t & ! ,rau*fiess into a %all[ pool outside ! village4 ,?is is call$ 8driv+ out ! ,rau*fiess40 ,! cu/om us$ to be associat$ ) ! driv+ out ( ! cattle at ,:itsuntide to pa/ure on ! dewy grass1 :i* 0 ?\ght to make ! c[s yield pl5ty ( milk4 ,! h]dsman :o 0 ! la/ to drive out 8 bea/s on ! morn+ ( ! day became ! ,rau*fiess 9 ! aft]noon4 ,see ,p4 ,dre*sl]1 ,sitte1 ,brau* und ,volksglaube 9 ,s*lesi51 i4 7,leipsic1 #aijc71 pp4 #aag-abc4 #eff ,e4 ,mei]1 ,deuts*e ,sag51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e aus ,s*wab5 7,/uttg>t1 #aheb71 pp4 #dji-dai2 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #cdi sq4 ,m#afc ,kill+ ! ,wild ,man 9 ,saxony & ,bohemia4 #efg ,e4 ,somm]1 ,sag51 ,mr*5 und ,gebru*e aus ,sa*s5 und ,?r+5 7,halle1 #ahdf71 pp4 #aed sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #cce sq4 #efh ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #ccf4 #efi ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm5 7,prague1 ,n4,d41 preface dat$ #ahfa71 p4 #fa2 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #ccf sq4 ,m#afd ,behead+ ! ,k+ on ,:it-,monday 9 ,bohemia4 #egj ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 p4 #bfc2 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #cdc4 #ega ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 pp4 #bfi sq4 ,m#afe ,behead+ ! ,k+ on ,:it-,monday 9 ,bohemia4 #egb ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #hf sq4 #egc ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 pp4 #bfd sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #cec sq4 ,m#aff ,! leaf-clad mumm]s 9 ^! cu/oms repres5t ! tree-_s or _s ( vegetation4 #egd ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #gc sqq4 #ege ,see pp4 #bjh1 #baj4 #egf ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #bdg sqq41 #bgb sqq4 ,m#afg ,! tree-_s is kill$ 9 ord] to prev5t its decay & ensure its revival 9 a vigor\s successor4 #egg ,see above1 p4 #bjh4 ,m#afh ,resemblances betwe5 ^! ,nor? ,european cu/oms & ! rites ( ,nemi4 #egh ,ovid1 ,fa/i1 iii4 #bga4 #egi ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #cjh sqq4 #ehj ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #bj4 ,m#afi ,! mock kill+ ( ! leaf-clad mumm]s is probably a sub/itute = an old cu/om ( kill+ !m 9 e>ne/4 ,sub/itution ( mock human sacrifices = real ones4 #eha ,caes>1 ,bell4 ,gall4 vi4 #af2 ,adam ( ,brem51 ,descriptio ,insul>um ,aquilonis1 #bg 7,migne's ,patrologia ,lat9a1 cxlvi4 col4 #fdd72 ,olaus ,magnus1 ,de g5tium septrionalium v>iis conditionibus1 iii4 #g2 ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d i4 #ce sqq42 ,f4 ,j4 ,mone1 ,ges*i*te des nordis*5 ,heid5?ums1 i4 #fi1 #aai1 #abj1 #adi1 #ahg sq4 #ehb ,h4 ,j4 ,t5deloo1 8,v]kl>+ van het zoog5aamd ,oud-,alfo]s* ,teek5s*rift10 ,m$$eel+5 van wege het ,n$]l&s*e ,z5del+g5oots*ap1 xxxvi4 7#ahib7 pp4 #cch sq4 #ehc ,sir ,h4 ,john/on1 ,! ,ug&a ,protectorate 7,london1 #aijb71 ii4 #gai sq4 ,! writ] describes ! c]emony f ! te/imony ( an eye-witness4 #ehd ,j4 ,g4 ,b\rke1 ,snake ,dance ( ! ,moquis ( ,arizona1 pp4 #aif sq4 #ehe ,euripides1 ,iphig5ia 9 ,taur4 #adeh sqq4 #ehf ,j4 ,t4 ,nieuw5huis5 en ,h4 ,c4 ,b4 von ,ros5b]g1 8,v]slag omtr5t het eil& ,nias10 ,v]h&el+5 van het ,batav4 ,g5oots*ap van ,kun/5 en ,wet5s*app51 xxx4 7#ahfc7 p4 #dc2 ,e4 ,modigliani1 ,un ,viaggio a ,nias 7,milan1 #ahij71 pp4 #bhb sq4 #ehg ,j4 ,a4 ,dubois1 ,murs1 in/itutions et crmonies des peuples de l',inde 7,p>is1 #ahbe71 i4 #aea sq4 #ehh ,e4 ,?ur/on1 ,ca/es & ,tribes ( ,s\!rn ,india 7,madras1 #aiji71 iv4 #dcg1 quot+ ,mr4 ,a4 ,r4 ,l(tus-,tott5ham4 #ehi ,g4 ,turn]1 ,samoa1 pp4 #ca sq42 comp>e pp4 #ch1 #eh1 #ei1 #fi sq41 #gb4 ,m#agj ,mock human sacrifices c>ri$ out 9 effigy4 #eij ,porphyry1 ,de ab/95tia1 ii4 #ee1 cit+ ,mane?o z 8 au?ority4 #eia 8,! ,rudhirdhyy1 or sangu9>y *apt]10 translat$ f ! ,calica ,puran by ,w4 ,c4 ,blaqui]e1 9 ,asiatick ,rese>*es1 v4 #cgf 7#hvo ed41 ,london1 #ahjg74 #eib ,e4 ,t4 ,dalton1 ,descriptive ,e?nology ( ,b5gal 7,calcutta1 #ahgb71 p4 #bha4 #eic ,e4 ,t4 ,dalton1 op4 cit4 pp4 #beh sq4 #eid ,mgr4 ,bruguire1 9 ,annales de l',association de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 v4 7#ahca7 p4 #bja4 #eie ,b4 ,c4 ,a4 ,j4 van ,d9t]1 8,e5ige geographis*e en e?nographis*e aanteek5+5 betreff5de het eil& ,siaoe10 ,tijds*rift voor ,indis*e ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde1 xli4 7#ahii7 p4 #cgi4 #eif ,*4 ,hose & ,w4 ,mc,dougall1 8,! ,relations betwe5 ,m5 & ,animals 9 ,s>awak10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xxxi4 7#aija7 p4 #bjh4 #eig ,w4 ,g4 ,a/on1 ,%9to 7,london1 #aije74 pp4 #ef sq4 #eih ,a4 ,c4 ,kruijt1 8,e5ige e?nografis*e aanteek5+5 omtr5t de ,tobo5gkoe en de ,tomori10 ,m$$eel+5 van wege het ,n$]l&s*e ,z5del+g5oots*ap1 xliv4 7#aijj7 p4 #bbb4 ,m#aga ,mimic sacrifices ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,mimic sacrifices ( f+]s4 ,mimic rite ( circumcision4 #eii ,e4 ,?ur/on1 8,de=mity & ,mutilation10 ,madras ,gov]nm5t ,museum1 ,bullet91 vol4 iv4 ,no4 #c 7,madras1 #aijc71 pp4 #aic-aif4 ,z to ! cu/om ( sacrific+ jo9ts ( f+]s1 see my note on ,pausanias1 viii4 #cd4 #b1 vol4 iv4 pp4 #ced sqq4 ,to ! evid5ce !re adduc$ add ,p4 ,j4 de ,smet1 ,we/]n ,missions & ,mission>ies 7,new ,york1 #ahfc71 p4 #ace2 ,g4 ,b4 ,gr9nell1 ,blackfoot ,lodge ,tales1 pp4 #aid1 #beh2 ,a4 d',orbigny1 ,l',homme amrica91 ii4 #bd2 ,j4 ,williams1 ,n>rative ( ,mission>y ,ent]prises 9 ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s1 pp4 #dgj sq42 ,j4 ,ma!w1 ,eaglehawk & ,cr[ 7,london & ,melb\rne1 #ahii71 p4 #abj2 ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,au/ralia1 pp4 #gdf sq42 ,l4 ,degr&pr1 ,voyage la cte occid5tale d',afrique 7,p>is1 #ahja71 ii4 #ic sq42 ,dudley ,kidd1 ,! ,ess5tial ,kaffir1 pp4 #bjc1 #bfb sq42 ,g4 ,w4 ,/[1 ,native ,races ( ,s\? ,africa 7,london1 #aije71 pp4 #abi1 #aeb2 ,lettres difiantes et curieuses1 ,n\velle dition1 ix4 #cfi1 xii4 #cga2 ,annales de la ,propagation de la ,foi1 xiii4 7#ahda7 p4 #bj2 id41 xiv4 7#ahdb7 pp4 #fh1 #aib2 id41 xvii4 7#ahde7 pp4 #ab1 #ac2 id41 xviii4 7#ahdf7 p4 #f2 id41 xxiii4 7#ahea7 p4 #cad2 id41 xxxii4 7#ahfj7 pp4 #ie sq42 ,indian ,antiqu>y1 xxiv4 7#ahie7 p4 #cjc2 ,missions ,ca?oliques1 xxix4 7#ahig7 p4 #ij2 ,zeits*rift fr ,e?nologie1 xxxii4 7#aijj7 p4 #ha4 ,! objects ( ?is mutilation 7 v>i\s4 ,9 anci5t ,a!ns x 0 cu/om>y to cut (f ! h& ( a suicide & bury x ap>t f 8 body 7,aes*9es1 ,contra ,ctesiph4 #bdd1 p4 #aic1 ed4 ,f4 ,franke71 p]haps to prev5t 8 gho/ f attack+ ! liv+4 #fjj ,basil ,c4 ,?omson1 ,savage ,isl& 7,london1 #aijb71 pp4 #ib sq4 #fja ,e4 ,?ur/on1 ,e?nographic ,notes 9 ,s\!rn ,india 7,madras1 #aijf71 p4 #cij4 ,m#agb ,x has be5 cu/om>y to kill animal gods & corn gods z well z tree-spirits4 ,m#agc ,cu/oms ( bury+ ! ,c>nival & c>ry+ out ,dea?4 #fjb ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fde2 ,k4 ,haupt1 ,sag5bu* d] ,lausitz1 ii4 #eh2 ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 pp4 #hf sq42 id41 ,das fe/li*e ,jahr1 pp4 #gg sq42 ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 iii4 #ieh sq42 ,sepp1 ,die ,religion d] alt5 ,deuts*5 7,muni*1 #ahij71 pp4 #fg sq42 ,w4 ,mll]1 ,beitrge zur ,volkskunde d] ,deuts*5 9 ,mhr5 7,vi5na & ,olmutz1 #ahic71 pp4 #beh1 #cec4 ,! f\r? ,sunday 9 ,l5t is also kn[n z ,mid-,l5t1 because x falls 9 ! middle ( ,l5t1 or z ,laet>e f ! fir/ ^w ( ! liturgy = t day4 ,9 ! ,roman cal5d> x is ! ,sunday ( ! ,rose 7,dom5ica rosae71 because on t day ! ,pope consecrates a gold5 rose1 :i* he pres5ts to "s royal lady4 ,9 "o ,g]man village ( ,transylvania ! ,c>ry+ out ( ,dea? takes place on ,asc5sion ,day4 ,see bel[1 pp4 #bdh sq4 ,m#agd ,effigy ( ! ,c>nival burnt at ,fros9one 9 ,latium4 #fjc ,g4 ,t>gioni-,tozzetti1 ,saggio di novell9e1 canti ed usanze popol>i della ,cioci>ia 7,pal]mo1 #ahia71 pp4 #hi-ie4 ,at ,pal]mo an effigy ( ! ,c>nival 7,nannu7 0 burnt at midnight on ,%rove ,tuesday #ahgh4 ,see ,g4 ,pitr1 ,usi e co/umi1 cr$5ze e pregiudizi del popolo siciliano1 i4 #aag-aai2 ,g4 ,tr$e1 ,das ,heid5tum 9 d] rmis*5 ,kir*e1 iii4 #aa1 note4 ,m#age ,bury+ ! ,c>nival 9 ! ,abruzzi4 #fjd ,a4 de ,n9o1 ,usi e co/umi abruzzesi1 ii4 #aih-bjj4 ,! writ] omits to m5tion ! date ( ^! celebrations4 ,no d\bt x is ei!r ,%rove ,tuesday or ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,comp>e ,g4 ,f9amore1 ,cr$5ze1 usi e co/umi abruzzesi 7,pal]mo1 #ahij71 p4 #aaa4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,pi$mont an effigy ( ,c>nival is burnt on ! ev5+ ( ,%rove ,tuesday2 9 o!rs !y set fire to tall popl> trees1 :i*1 /ript ( _! bran*es & surm\nt$ by bann]s1 h be5 set up ! day be=e 9 public places4 ,^! trees g by ! "n ( ,sc>li4 ,see ,g4 di ,giovanni1 ,usi1 cr$5ze e pregiudizi del ,canavese 7,pal]mo1 #ahhi71 pp4 #afa1 #afd sq4 ,= o!r acc\nts ( ! c]emony ( ! dea? ( ! ,c>nival1 repres5t$ ei!r by a puppet or a liv+ p]son1 9 ,italy & ,sicily1 see ,g4 ,pitr1 ,usi e co/umi1 cr$5ze e pregiudizi del popolo siciliano1 i4 #if-ajj2 ,g4 ,amalfi1 ,tradizioni ed usi nella ,p5isola ,sorr5t9a 7,pal]mo1 #ahij71 pp4 #dj1 #db4 ,x has be5 rightly obs]v$ by ,pitr 7op4 cit4 p4 #if71 t ! p]sonification ( ! ,c>nival is d\btless ! l9eal desc5dant ( "s my?ical p]sonage ( remote ,greek & ,roman antiquity4 #fje ,r4 ,wns*1 ,das ,frhl+sfe/ d] ,insel ,malta 7,leipsic1 #aijb71 pp4 #bi sq41 quot+ ,ciant>'s supplem5ts to ,abelas's ,malta illu/rata4 ,m#agf ,burial ( ! ,c>nival at ,l]ida 9 ,spa94 #fjf ,j4 ,s4 ,campion1 ,on ,foot 9 ,spa9 7,london1 #ahgi71 pp4 #bia-bie4 ,m#agg ,fun]al ( ! ,c>nival 9 ,france4 ,execution ( ,%rove ,tuesday 9 ! ,ard5nes & ,fran*e-,comt4 #fjg ,a4 de ,nore1 ,c\tumes1 my!s et traditions des prov9ces de ,france 7,p>is & ,lyons1 #ahdf71 pp4 #cg sq4 ,! "n ,c>amantran is ?\ght to be comp\nd$ ( c>me entrant1 8,l5t ent]+40 ,x is said t ! effigy ( ,c>amantran is sometimes burnt 7,e4 ,cortet1 ,essai sur les ftes religieuses1 ,p>is1 #ahfg1 p4 #ajg74 #fjh ,l4 ,p9eau1 ,folk-lore du ,poit\ 7,p>is1 #ahib71 p4 #dic4 #fji ,a4 ,meyrac1 ,traditions1 lg5des et contes des ,ard5nes 7,*>leville1 #ahij71 p4 #fc4 ,accord+ to ! writ]1 ! cu/om ( burn+ an effigy ( ,%rove ,tuesday or ! ,c>nival is pretty g5]al 9 ,france4 #faj ,*4 ,beauqui]1 ,les ,mois en ,fran*e-,comt 7,p>is1 #aijj71 p4 #cj4 ,9 ,beauce & ,p]*e ! burn+ or burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday us$ to be repres5t$ 9 effigy1 b ! cu/om has n[ disappe>$4 ,see ,f4 ,*apiseau1 ,le ,folk-lore de la ,beauce et du ,p]*e 7,p>is1 #aijb71 i4 #cbj sq4 ,m#agh ,burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday 9 ,norm&y4 ,burn+ ,%rove ,tuesday at ,sa9t-,l4 #faa ,j4 ,lecur1 ,esquisses du ,bocage ,norm& 7,cond-sur-,noireau1 #ahhc-ahhg71 ii4 #adh-aej4 #fab ,madame ,octave ,feuillet1 ,quelques annes de ma vie#e 7,p>is1 #ahie71 pp4 #ei-fa4 ,m#agi ,burial ( ,%rove ,tuesday or ! ,c>nival 9 ,brittany4 #fac ,p4 ,sbillot1 ,c\tumes populaires de la ,haute-,bretagne 7,p>is1 #ahhf71 pp4 #bbg sq4 #fad ,a4 de ,nore1 ,c\tumes1 my!s et traditions des ,prov9ces de ,france1 p4 #bjf4 #fae ,p4 ,sbillot1 ,le ,folk-lore de ,france1 ii4 7,p>is1 #aije7 p4 #agj4 #faf ,p4 ,sbillot1 l4c4 #fag ,j4 ,l4 ,m4 ,nogues1 ,les ,murs d'autrefois en ,sa9tonge et en ,aunis 7,sa9tes1 #ahia71 p4 #fj4 ,z to ! trial & condemnation ( ! ,c>nival on ,a% ,w$nesday 9 ,france1 see fur!r ,br5g]-,fraud1 ,sup]/itions et survivances1 iv4 #eb sq4 #fah ,t4 ,f4 ,?iselton ,dy]1 ,briti% ,popul> ,cu/oms 7,london1 #ahgf71 p4 #ic4 ,m#ahj ,bury+ ! ,c>nival 9 ,g]many & ,au/ria4 #fai ,see above1 p4 #bji4 #fbj ,e4 ,mei]1 ,deuts*e ,sag51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e aus ,s*wab51 p4 #cga4 #fba ,j4 ,haltri*1 ,zur ,volkskunde d] ,sieb5brg] ,sa*s5 7,vi5na1 #ahhe71 pp4 #bhd sq4 #fbb ,k4 von ,leopre*t+1 ,aus dem ,le*ra91 pp4 #afb sqq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #daa4 #fbc ,e4 ,mei]1 ,deuts*e ,sag51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e aus ,s*wab51 p4 #cgd2 comp>e ,a4 ,birl+]1 ,volk/hmli*es aus ,s*wab5 7,freiburg im ,breisgau1 #ahfa-ahfb71 ii4 pp4 #ed sq41 #ga4 #fbd ,e4 ,mei]1 op4 cit4 p4 #cgb4 #fbe ,e4 ,mei]1 op4 cit4 p4 #cgc4 #fbf ,e4 ,mei]1 op4 cit4 pp4 #cgc1 #cgd4 #fbg ,a4 ,kuhn1 ,sag51 ,gebru*e und ,mr*5 aus ,we/fal5 7,leipsic1 #ahei71 ii4 p4 #acj1 #cic4 ,m#aha ,burn+ ! ,c>nival 9 ,greece4 ,e/honian cu/om on ,%rove ,tuesday4 #fbh ,folk-lore1 vi4 7#ahie7 p4 #bjf4 #fbi ,f4 ,j4 ,wi$emann1 ,aus dem inn]5 und uss]5 ,leb5 d] ,eh/5 7,/4 ,pet]sburg1 #ahgf71 p4 #cec4 ,m#ahb ,resurrection enact$ 9 ^! c]emonies4 #fcj ,e4 ,mei]1 op4 cit4 p4 #cgd4 #fca ,h4 ,prhle1 ,h>zbild] 7,leipsic1 #ahee71 p4 #ed4 ,m#ahc ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 9 ,bav>ia4 #fcb ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 iii4 #ieh4 #fcc ,j4 ,boemus1 ,omnium g5tium mores1 leges1 et ritus 7,p>is1 #aech71 p4 #hc4 #fcd ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 iii4 #ieh4 #fce ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fci sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #dab4 #fcf ,sepp1 ,die ,religion d] alt5 ,deuts*5 7,muni*1 #ahgf71 p4 #fg4 #fcg ,fr4 ,kauffmann1 ,bald] 7,/rasburg1 #aijb71 p4 #bhc4 ,m#ahd ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 9 ,?r+54 #fch ,aug4 ,witzs*el1 ,sag51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e aus ,?r+5 7,vi5na1 #ahgh71 p4 #aic4 #fci ,a4 ,witzs*el1 op4 cit4 p4 #aii2 ,j4 ,a4 ,e4 ,khl]1 ,volksbrau*1 ,ab]glaub51 ,sag5 und &re alte b]lief]ung5 im ,voigtl&e 7,leipsic1 #ahfg71 pp4 #aga sq4 #fdj ,fr4 ,kauffmann1 ,bald] 7,/rasburg1 #aijb71 p4 #bhc note1 quot+ ,j4 ,k4 ,zeum]1 ,laet>e vulgo ,todt5 ,sonntag 7,j5a1 #agja71 pp4 #bj sqq42 ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdj sq4 ,! words ( ! song are giv5 z 8,s treib5 wir d5 todt5 auss10 b ?is mu/ be a mi/ake = 8,s treib5 wir d5 ,tod h9aus10 z ! l9e is giv5 by ,p4 ,dre*sl] 7,sitte1 ,brau* und ,volksglaube 9 ,s*lesi51 i4 #ff74 ,9 ! passage quot$ ! effigy is spok5 ( z 8mortis l>va40 #fda ,za*>ias ,s*neid]1 ,leipzig] ,*ronik1 iv4 #adc1 cit$ by ,k4 ,s*w5k1 ,die ,my?ologie d] ,slav5 7,frank=t1 #ahec71 pp4 #bag sq41 & ,fr4 ,kauffmann1 ,bald]1 pp4 #bhd sq4 ,m#ahe ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 9 ,silesia4 #fdb ,p4 ,dre*sl]1 ,sitte1 ,brau* und ,volksglaube 9 ,s*lesi51 i4 #fe-ga4 ,comp>e ,a4 ,pet]1 ,volk/hmli*es aus /]rei*is*-,s*lesi5 7,troppau1 #ahfe-ahfg71 ii4 #bha sq4 #fdc ,f4 ,tetzn]1 8,die ,ts*e*5 und ,mhr] 9 ,s*lesi510 ,globus1 lxxviii4 7#aijj7 p4 #cdj4 ,m#ahf ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 9 ,bohemia4 #fdd ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdb4 #fde ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 pp4 #ij sq4 #fdf ,ibid4 p4 #ia4 ,m#ahg ,c>ry+ out ,dea? 9 ,moravia4 #fdg ,w4 ,mll]1 ,beitrge zur ,volkskunde d] ,deuts*5 9 ,mhr5 7,vi5na & ,olmtz1 #ahic71 pp4 #cec-cee4 ,m#ahh ,! effigy ( ,dea? fe>$ & abhorr$4 #fdh ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdd2 ,k4 ,haupt1 ,sag5bu* d] ,lausitz 7,leipsic1 #ahfb-ahfc71 ii4 #ee2 ,p4 ,dre*sl]1 ,sitte1 ,bran* und ,volksglaube 9 ,s*lesi51 i4 #gj sq4 #fdi ,j4 ,grimm1 op4 cit4 ii4 #fdj1 #fdc2 ,p4 ,dre*sl]1 op4 cit4 i4 #gj4 ,see also above1 p4 #bcf4 #fej ,?4 ,v]nalek51 ,my!n und ,bru*e des ,volkes 9 /]rei* 7,vi5na1 #ahei71 pp4 #bid sq42 ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 p4 #ij4 #fea ,see above1 p4 #bcf4 #feb ,see above1 pp4 #bcd1 #bce1 #bcf1 #bcg4 #fec ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,das fe/li*e ,jahr 7,leipsic1 #ahfc71 p4 #hj4 #fed ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 ,songs ( ! ,russian ,p 7,london1 #ahgb71 p4 #baa4 #fee ,ibid4 p4 #baj4 ,m#ahi ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman at ,mid-,l5t 9 ,italy4 #fef ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #feb2 ,h4 ,us5]1 ,italis*e ,my!n1 ,rhe9is*es ,museum1 ,n4,f41 xxx4 7#ahge7 pp4 #aia sq4 #feg ,g4 ,pitr1 ,spettacoli e fe/e popol>i siciliane 7,pal]mo1 #ahha71 pp4 #bjg sq41 id41 ,usi e co/umi1 cr$5ze e pregiudizi del popolo siciliano1 i4 #ajg sq4 #feh ,ar*ivio p] lo /udio delle tradizioni popol>i1 iv4 7#ahhe7 pp4 #bid sq4 #fei ,h4 ,us5]1 op4 cit4 p4 #aic4 #ffj ,v9c5zo ,dorsa1 ,la ,tradizione greco-lat9a negli usi e nelle cr$5ze popol>i della ,calabria cit]iore 7,cos5za1 #ahhd71 pp4 #dc sq4 #ffa ,e4 ,m>t95go-,ces>esco1 9 ,! ,academy1 ,no4 #fga1 ,m>* #ad1 #ahhe1 p4 #ahh4 ,m#aij ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman at ,mid-,l5t 9 ,france4 #ffb ,laisnel de la ,salle1 ,croyances et lg5des du c5tre de la ,france 7,p>is1 #ahge71 i4 #dc sq4 ,m#aia ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman at ,mid-,l5t 9 ,spa9 & among ! ,slavs4 #ffc ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #feb2 ,h4 ,us5]1 8,italis*e ,my!n10 ,rhe9is*es ,museum1 ,n4,f41 xxx4 7#ahge7 pp4 #aia sq4 #ffd ,e4 ,h(fmann-,kray]1 8,fru*tb>keitsrit5 im s*weiz]is*5 ,volksbrau*10 ,s*weiz]is*es ,ar*iv fr ,volkskunde1 xi4 7#aijc7 p4 #bci4 ,m#aib ,saw+ ! ,old ,woman on ,palm ,sunday among ! gypsies4 #ffe ,h4 von ,wlislocki1 ,volksglaube und religis] ,brau* d] ,zigeun] 7,mn/] i4 ,w41 #ahia71 pp4 #ade sq4 ,m#aic ,sev5-legg$ effigies ( ,l5t 9 ,spa94 #fff ,e4 ,cortet1 ,essai sur les ftes religieuses 7,p>is1 #ahfg71 pp4 #ajg sq42 ,laisnel de la ,salle1 ,croyances et lg5des du c5tre de la ,france1 i4 #de sq4 ,a simil> cu/om appe>s to be obs]v$ 9 ,m9orca4 ,see ,globus1 lix4 7#ahia7 pp4 #bgi1 #bhj4 ,m#aid ,sev5-legg$ effigies ( ,l5t 9 ,italy4 #ffg ,a4 de ,n9o1 ,usi e co/umi abruzzesi1 ii4 #bjc-bje 7,flor5ce1 #ahha72 ,g4 ,f9amore1 ,cr$5ze1 usi e co/umi abruzzesi 7,pal]mo1 #ahij71 pp4 #aab1 #aad4 #ffh ,g4 ,amalfi1 ,tradizioni ed usi nella ,p5isola ,sorr5t9a 7,pal]mo1 #ahij71 p4 #da4 #ffi ,lucy ,e4 ,broadwood1 9 ,folk-lore1 iv4 7#ahic7 p4 #cij4 ,m#aie ,! cu/om ( c>ry+ out ,dea? is (t5 foll[$ by ! c]emony ( br++ 9 ,summ]1 9 :i* ! ,summ] is repres5t$ by a tree or bran*es4 #fgj ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 pp4 #hi sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #aef4 ,?is cu/om has be5 already ref]r$ to4 ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #gc sq4 #fga ,p4 ,dre*sl]1 ,sitte1 ,brau* und ,volksglaube 9 ,s*lesi51 i4 #ga sqq42 ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,das fe/li*e ,jahr1 p4 #hb2 ,philo vom ,walde1 ,s*lesi5 9 ,sage und ,brau* 7,b]l91 ,n4,d41 preface dat$ #ahhc71 p4 #abb4 #fgb ,a4 ,witzs*el1 ,sag51 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e aus ,?r+51 pp4 #aib sq42 comp>e pp4 #big sqq4 #fgc ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdc sq42 ,k4 ,haupt1 ,sag5bu* d] ,lausitz1 ii4 #ed sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #dab sq42 ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 ,songs ( ! ,russian ,p1 p4 #baa4 ,m#aif ,new pot5cy ( life ascrib$ to ! image ( ,dea?4 ,c>ry+ out ,dea? at ,brall] 9 ,transylvania4 #fgd ,j4 ,grimm1 op4 cit4 ii4 #fdd2 ,k4 ,haupt1 op4 cit4 ii4 #ee4 #fge ,j4 ,k4 ,s*ull]1 ,das ,todau/rag5 und d] ,muorlef1 e9 ,beitrag zur ,kunde s*sis*] ,sitte und ,sage 9 ,sieb5brg5 7,h]mann/adt1 #ahfa71 pp4 #d sq4 ,! description ( ?is c]emony by ,miss ,e4 ,g]>d 7,! ,l& beyond ! ,=e/1 ii4 #dg-di7 is pla9ly borr[$ f ,mr4 ,s*ull]'s little "w4 #fgf ,w4 ,mll]1 ,beitrge zur ,volkskunde d] ,deuts*5 9 ,mhr5 7,vi5na & ,olmtz1 #ahic71 pp4 #beh sq4 ,m#aig ,life-giv+ virtue ascrib$ to ! effigy ( ,dea?4 #fgg ,p4 #bdg4 #fgh ,?is is also ! view tak5 ( ! cu/om by ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #dai4 #fgi ,?4 ,v]nalek51 ,my!n und ,bru*e des ,volkes 9 /]rei*1 pp4 #bic sq4 #fhj ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,das fe/li*e ,jahr1 p4 #hb4 #fha ,philo vom ,walde1 ,s*lesi5 9 ,sage und ,brau*1 p4 #abb2 ,p4 ,dre*sl]1 ,sitte1 ,brau* und ,volksglaube 9 ,s*lesi51 i4 #gd4 #fhb ,see above1 p4 #bcf4 #fhc ,see above1 pp4 #bci sq4 #fhd ,see above1 p4 #bcf4 ,m#aih ,! ,summ]-tree equival5t to ! ,may-tree4 ,b ! ,summ]-tree is a revival ( ! image ( ,dea?2 h5ce ! image ( ,dea? mu/ be an embodim5t ( ! _s ( vegetation4 #fhe ,above1 p4 #bdf4 #fhf ,above1 p4 #bdf4 #fhg ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #gc sqq4 #fhh ,above1 p4 #bdf1 & ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdd2 ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 pp4 #hg sq4 #fhi ,above1 p4 #bdf4 #fij ,see above1 pp4 #bej sq4 #fia ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #de sqq4 #fib ,above1 pp4 #bcd1 #bce1 #bdj1 #bdh1 #bej2 & ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdc4 #fic ,re9sb]g-,dr+sfeld1 ,fe/-,kal5d] aus ,bhm51 p4 #hh4 ,sometimes ! effigy ( ,dea? 7)\t a tree7 is c>ri$ r\nd by boys :o collect gratuities 7,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdd74 #fid ,above1 p4 #bjh4 #fie ,above1 p4 #bca4 #fif ,f4 ,j4 ,wi$emann1 ,aus dem inn]5 und uss]5 ,leb5 d] ,eh/51 p4 #cec2 ,holzmay]1 8,osiliana10 9 ,v]h&lung5 d] gelehrt5 ,e/nis*5 ,gesells*aft zu ,dorpat1 vii4 ,heft #b1 pp4 #aj sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #djg sq4 ,m#aii ,! names ( ,c>nival1 ,dea?1 & ,summ] 9 ! prec$+ cu/oms seem to cov] an anci5t tree-_s or _s ( vegetation4 #fig ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #dag-dba4 ,m#bjj ,dramatic conte/s betwe5 repres5tatives ( ,summ] & ,w9t]4 #fih ,olaus ,magnus1 ,de g5tium sept5trionalium v>iis conditionibus1 xv4 #h sq4 ,9 ,le ,temps1 ,no4 #ae1ffi1 ,may #aa1 #aijb1 p4 #b1 !re is a description ( ?is c]emony z x us$ to be p]=m$ 9 ,/ockholm4 ,! description seems to be borr[$ f ,olaus ,magnus4 #fii ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fcg-fci2 ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 iv4 #b1 pp4 #ceg sq4 ,see also ,e4 ,krause1 8,das ,somm]tags-,fe/ 9 ,heidelb]g10 ,v]h&lung5 d] ,b]l9] ,gesells*aft fr ,an?ropologie1 #ahie1 p4 7#ade72 ,a4 ,diet]i*1 8,somm]tag10 ,ar*iv fr ,religionswiss5s*aft1 viii4 7#aije7 ,beiheft1 pp4 #hb sqq4 #gjj ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 i4 #cfi sq4 #gja ,bav>ia1 ,l&es- und ,volkskunde des ,knigrei*s ,bay]n1 ii4 #bei sq42 ,f4 ,panz]1 ,beitrag zur deuts*5 ,my?ologie1 i4 pp4 #bec-bef2 ,k4 von ,leopre*t+1 ,aus dem ,le*ra91 pp4 #afg sq4 ,a dialogue 9 v]se betwe5 repres5tatives ( ,w9t] & ,summ] is spok5 at ,h>tlieb 9 ,silesia1 ne> ,breslau4 ,see ,zeits*rift des ,v]e9s fr ,volkskunde1 iii4 7#ahic7 pp4 #bbf-bbh4 ,m#bja ,dramatic conte/s betwe5 repres5tatives ( ,summ] & ,w9t]4 #gjb ,?4 ,v]nalek51 ,my!n und ,bru*e des ,vlkes 9 /]rei*1 pp4 #big sq4 #gjc ,r4 ,&ree1 ,brauns*weig] ,volkskunde 7,brunswick1 #ahif71 p4 #bej4 #gjd ,w4 ,mll]1 ,beitrge zur ,volkskunde d] ,deuts*5 9 ,mhr51 pp4 #dcj-dcf4 #gje ,w4 ,mll]1 op4 cit4 p4 #bei4 ,m#bjb ,que5 ( ,w9t] & ,que5 ( ,may 9 ! ,isle ( ,man4 #gjf ,j4 ,tra91 ,hi/orical & ,/ati/ical ,acc\nt ( ! ,isle ( ,man 7,d\glas1 ,isle ( ,man1 #ahde71 ii4 #aah-abj4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! "n ,macebo>d may be a corruption ( ,may-sports4 ,m#bjc ,conte/s betwe5 repres5tatives ( ,summ] & ,w9t] among ! ,esquimaux4 ,canadian ,indians drove away ,w9t] ) burn+ br&s4 #gjg ,fr4 ,boas1 8,! ,c5tral ,eskimo10 ,six? ,annual ,report ( ! ,bureau ( ,e?nology 7,wa%+ton1 #ahhh71 p4 #fje4 ,! acc\nt ( ?is cu/om giv5 by ,capta9 ,j4 ,s4 ,mut* is z foll[s3 8,! p take a long rope1 ! ends ( :i* are ti$ toge!r4 ,!y arrange !mselves s t ^? born dur+ ! summ] /& close to ! wat]1 & ^? born 9 ! w9t] /& inl&2 & !n !y pull at ! rope to see :e!r summ] or w9t] is ! /rong]4 ,if w9t] %\ld w91 !re w be pl5ty ( food2 if summ] %\ld w91 !re w be a bad w9t]40 ,see ,fr4 ,boas1 8,! ,eskimo ( ,baff9 ,l& & ,hudson ,bay10 ,bullet9 ( ! ,am]ican ,museum ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 xv4 7#aija7 pp4 #adj sq4 ,at ,memphis 9 ,egypt !re 7 two /atues 9 front ( ! temple ( ,hephae/us 7,ptah71 ( :i* ! m nor!rn 0 popul>ly call$ ,summ] & ! m s\!rn ,w9t]4 ,! p wor%ipp$ ! image ( ,summ] & execrat$ ! image ( ,w9t]4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! two /atues repres5t$ ,osiris & ,typhon1 ! good & ! bad god4 ,see ,h]odotus1 ii4 #aba1 ) ! notes ( ,bhr & ,wi$emann4 #gjh ,relations des ,jsuites1 #afcf1 p4 #ch 7,canadian repr9t1 ,quebec1 #aheh74 ,m#bjd ,! burn+ ( ,w9t] at ,zuri*4 #gji ,h4 ,h]zog1 ,s*weiz]is*e ,volksfe/e1 ,sitt5 und ,gebru*e 7,aurau1 #ahhd71 pp4 #afd-aff2 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #dih sq4 #gaj ,lett] to me ( ,dr4 ,j4 ,s4 ,black1 dat$ ,lauri/on ,cottage1 ,wimbl$on ,common1 #bh? ,may1 #aijc4 ,9 a subsequ5t lett] 7dat$ #i? ,june1 #aijc7 ,dr4 ,black enclos$ "s bibliographical ref]5ces to ! cu/om :i* 7 k9dly furni%$ to him by ,pr(essor ,p4 ,s*mi$el ( ,zuri*1 :o speaks ( ! effigy z a repres5tative ( ,w9t]4 ,x is n expressly s call$ by ,h4 ,h]zog & ,w4 ,mannh>dt4 ,see ! prec$+ note4 ,m#bje ,fun]al ( ,ko/rubonko1 ,ko/roma1 ,kupalo1 & ,y>ilo 9 ,russia4 #gaa ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 ,songs ( ! ,russian ,p1 p4 #bba4 #gab ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 ,songs ( ! ,russian ,p1 p4 #bda4 #gac ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 op4 cit4 pp4 #bdc sq42 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #dad4 #gad ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 pp4 #dad sq42 ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 op4 cit4 p4 #bdd4 #gae ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 op4 cit4 p4 #bde2 ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 ,baumkultus1 p4 #daf4 #gaf ,w4 ,mannh>dt1 l4c42 ,w4 ,r4 ,s4 ,ral/on1 l4c4 ,m#bjf ,! ,russian ,ko/rubonko1 ,y>ilo1 & s on1 7 probably at fir/ spirits ( vegetation dy+ & com+ to life aga94 ,m#bjg ,9 ^! c]emonies grief & gladness1 love & hatr$ appe> to be curi\sly comb9$4 ,m#bjh ,expulsion ( ,dea? sometimes enact$ )\t an effigy4 #gag ,j4 ,grimm1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1#d ii4 #fdd4 #gah ,j4 ,g4 von ,hahn1 ,albanesis*e ,/udi5 7,j5a1 #ahed71 i4 #afj4 ,m#bji ,images ( ,siva & ,prvat m>ri$1 dr[n$1 & m\rn$ = 9 ,india4 #gai ,r4 ,c4 ,temple1 9 ,indian ,antiqu>y1 xi4 7#ahhb7 pp4 #big sq4 ,m#baj ,9 ?is ,indian cu/om ,siva & ,prvat seem to be ! equival5ts ( ! ,k+ & ,que5 ( ,may4 #gbj ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #hd sqq4 #gba ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 ii4 #de sqq4 ,m#baa ,! =ego+ cu/oms 7 orig9ally rites int5d$ to ensure ! revival ( nature 9 spr+ by means ( imitative magic4 ,feel+s ) :i* ! primitive savage may h reg>d$ ! *anges ( ! seasons4 #gbb ,:5 ! ,kurnai ( ,victoria saw ! ,aurora ,au/ralis1 :i* corresponds to ! ,nor!rn ,/ream]s ( ,europe1 !y ex*ang$ wives = ! day & swung ! sev]$ h& ( a dead man t[>ds x1 %\t+1 8,s5d x away6 d n let x burn u up60 ,see ,a4 ,w4 ,h[itt1 8,on "s ,au/ralian ,beliefs10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,in/itute1 xiii4 7#ahhd7 p4 #ahi2 id41 ,native ,tribes ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,au/ralia1 pp4 #bgf sq41 #dcj4 ,m#bab ,9 mod]n ,europe ! old magical rites = ! revival ( nature 9 spr+ h deg5]at$ into m]e pageants & pa/imes4 #gbc ,see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #bdb sq4 ,m#bac ,p>allel to ! spr+ cu/oms ( ,europe 9 ! magical rites ( ! ,c5tral ,au/ralian aborig9es4 #gbd ,sp5c] & ,gill51 ,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 pp4 #d sq41 #agj4 #gbe ,sp5c] & ,gill51 op4 cit4 p4 #agj4 ,= a description ( "s ( ^! c]emonies see ,! ,magic ,art & ! ,evolution ( ,k+s1 i4 #he sqq4 ,m#bad ,lett] ( ,mr4 ,m4 ,w4 ,lampson4 ,m#bae ,"l ,avebury's /atem5t4 #gbf ,"l ,avebury1 ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1#e pp4 #cgh sq42 comp>e id41 ,prehi/oric ,times1#e p4 #efa4 ,m#baf ,op9ions ( v>i\s au?orities4 ,m#bag ,sub/itutes = corporal puni%m5t 9 ,*9a4 #gbg ,de ,guignes1 ,voyages ,pek+1 ,manille et l'le de ,france1 iii4 7,p>is1 #ahjh7 pp4 #aad sq4 ,m#bah ,! cu/om ( sw++ practis$ = v>i\s reasons4 ,sw++ at h>ve/4 #gbh ,above1 pp4 #aef sq4 #gbi ,b4 ,f4 ,mat!s1 ,e9ige ,eig5?umli*keit5 9 d5 ,fe/5 und ,gewohnheit5 d] ,makass>5 und ,bug9es5 7,leyd51 #ahhd71 p4 #a2 id41 8,ov] de d's ( gewoont5 d] ,makass>5 en ,boeg9eez510 ,v]slag5 en ,m$$eel+5 d] kon9klijke ,akademie van ,wet5s*app51 ,afdeel+ ,lett]kunde1 ,d]de ,reeks1 ,twe$e ,deel 7,am/]dam1 #ahhe71 pp4 #afi sq4 #gcj ,h4 ,a4 ,oldfield1 ,sket*es f ,nipal 7,london1 #ahhj71 ii4 #cea4 #gca ,sp5s] ,/4 ,john1 ,life 9 ! ,=e/s ( ! ,f> ,ea/1#b i4 #aid sq4 #gcb ,*4 ,brooke1 ,t5 ,ye>s 9 ,s>awak1 ii4 #bbf sq4 ,m#bai ,sw++ = fi% & game4 #gcc ,j4 ,s4 ,g4 ,gramb]g1 8,de ,troeboekviss*]ij10 ,tijds*rift voor ,indis*e ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde1 xxiv4 7#ahhg7 pp4 #cad sq4 #gcd ,e4 ,petitot1 ,monographie des ,dn-,d9dji 7,p>is1 #ahgf71 p4 #ch4 ,! same c]emony is p]=m$1 oddly en\gh1 to procure ! dea? ( an enemy4 ,m#bbj ,indian cu/om ( sw++ on hooks4 ,sw++ 9 ! ra9y season4 ,sw++ 9 hon\r ( ,kri%na4 ,e/honian cu/om ( sw++ at ! summ] sol/ice4 #gce ,hamilton's 8,acc\nt ( ! ,ea/ ,indies10 9 ,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 viii4 #cfj sq4 ,9 g5]al we are m]ely told t ^! ,indian devotees sw+ on hooks 9 fulfilm5t ( a v[ or to obta9 "s fav\r ( a deity4 ,see ,du>te ,b>bosa1 ,description ( ! ,coa/s ( ,ea/ ,africa & ,malab> 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury1 translat$ by ! ,hon4 ,h4 ,e4 ,j4 ,/anley 7,hakluyt ,society1 ,london1 #ahff71 pp4 #ie sq42 ,gasp> ,balbi's 8,voyage to ,pegu10 9 ,p9k]ton's ,voyages & ,travels1 ix4 #cih2 ,sonn]at1 ,voyage aux ,indes ori5tales et la ,*9e1 i4 #bdd2 ,s4 ,mate]1 ,! ,l& ( ,*>ity1 p4 #bbj2 ,w4 ,w4 ,hunt]1 ,annals ( ,rural ,b5gal1#e p4 #dfc2 ,nor? ,indian ,notes & ,qu]ies1 i4 p4 #gf1 #eaa4 #gcf ,v4 ,ball1 ,jungle ,life 9 ,india 7,london1 #ahhj71 p4 #bcb4 #gcg ,w4 ,w4 ,hunt]1 ,annals ( ,rural ,b5gal#e 7,london1 #ahgb71 p4 #dfc4 #gch ,g4 ,w4 ,leitn]1 ,! ,languages & ,races ( ,d>di/an 7,lahore1 #ahgh71 p4 #ab4 #gci ,s>at ,*&ra ,mitra1 8,notes on two ,beh>i ,pa/imes10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,an?ropological ,society ( ,bombay1 iii4 #ie sq4 #gdj ,h4 ,h4 ,wilson1 8,! ,religi\s ,fe/ivals ( ! ,h9dus10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society1 ix4 7#ahdh7 p4 #ih4 ,comp>e ,e4 ,t4 ,dalton1 ,descriptive ,e?nology ( ,b5gal1 p4 #cad2 ,moni] ,williams1 ,religi\s ,life & ,?\ght 9 ,india1 p4 #acg2 ,w4 ,crooke1 8,! ,leg5ds ( ,kri%na10 ,folk-lore1 xi4 7#aijj7 pp4 #ba sqq4 #gda ,! ,hymns ( ! ,rigv$a1 vii4 #hg4 #e 7vol4 iii4 p4 #ajh ( ,r4 ,t4 ,h4 ,griffi?'s translation1 ,b5>es1 #ahia72 ,h4 ,old5b]g1 ,die ,religion des ,v$a1 pp4 #ddd sq4 #gdb ,j4 ,g4 ,kohl1 ,die deuts*-russis*5 ,o/seeprov9z5 7,dresd5 & ,leipsic1 #ahda71 ii4 #bfh sqq4 #gdc ,l4 v4 ,s*ro$]1 8,lihgo 7,refra9 d] lettis*5 ,sonnw5dli$]710 ,mitteilung5 d] ,an?ropologis*5 ,gesells*aft 9 ,wi51 xxxii4 7#aijb7 pp4 #a-aa4 ,m#bba ,sw++ = inspiration4 #gdd ,s4 ,w4 ,tromp1 8,uit de ,salasila van ,koetei10 ,bijdrag5 tot de ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde van ,n$]l&s*-,indi1 xxxvii4 7#ahhh7 pp4 #hg-hi4 ,m#bbb ,sw++ z a cure = sickness4 #gde ,j4 ,p]ham1 8,manangism 9 ,borneo10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,/raits ,bran* ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society1 ,no4 #ai 7,s+apore1 #ahhg71 pp4 #ig sq42 ,e4 ,h4 ,gomes1 ,sev5te5 ,ye>s among ! ,sea ,dyaks ( ,borneo 7,london1 #aiaa71 pp4 #afi1 #agj1 #aga2 ,h4 ,l+ ,ro?1 ,! ,natives ( ,s>awak & ,briti% ,nor? ,borneo1 i4 #bgi4 #gdf ,c4 ,bock1 ,! ,head-hunt]s ( ,borneo 7,london1 #ahha71 pp4 #aaj-aab4 ,m#bbc ,a!nian fe/ival ( sw++4 #gdg ,hyg9us1 ,a/ronomica1 ii4 #d1 pp4 #cd sqq41 ed4 ,bunte2 id41 ,fabulae1 #acj2 ,s]vius & ,probus on ,virgil1 ,georg4 ii4 #chi2 ,fe/us1 s4v4 8,oscillantes10 p4 #aid1 ed4 ,c4 ,o4 ,mll]2 ,a!naeus1 xiv4 #aj1 p4 #fah ,e ,f2 ,pollux1 iv4 #ee2 ,hesy*ius1 s4vv4 & 2 ,etymologicum magnum1 s4v4 1 p4 #db4 #c2 ,s*ol4 on ,hom]1 ,iliad1 xxii4 #bi4 ,! /ory ( ! murd] ( ,ic>ius is told by a s*olia/ on ,lucian 7,dial4 m]etr4 vii4 #d7 to expla9 ! orig9 ( a diff]5t fe/ival 7,rhe9is*es ,museum1 ,n4,f41 xxv4 7#ahgj7 pp4 #eeg sqq42 ,s*olia 9 ,lucianum1 ed4 ,h4 ,rabe1 p4 #bhj74 ,z to ! sw++ fe/ival at ,a!ns see ,o4 ,jahn1 ,ar*ologis*e ,beitrge1 pp4 #cbd sq42 ,d>emb]g et ,saglio1 ,dictionnaire des antiquits grecques et roma9es1 s4v4 8,aiora02 ,miss ,j4 ,e4 ,h>rison1 9 ,my?ology & ,monum5ts ( ,anci5t ,a!ns1 by ,mrs4 ,v]rall & ,miss ,j4 ,e4 ,h>rison1 pp4 xxxix4 sqq4 ,m#bbd ,sw++ z a mode ( expiation & purification4 #gdh ,s]vius on ,virgil1 ,a54 xii4 #fjc3 8,et ,v>ro ait3 ,susp5diosis quibus iu/a fi]i ius non sit1 susp5sis oscillis veluti p] imitationem mortis p>5t>i40 #gdi ,s]vius on ,virgil1 ,georg4 ii4 #chi2 id41 on ,a54 vi4 #gda4 #gej ,sp5c] & ,gill51 ,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 pp4 #eje sq4 #gea ,fe/us1 s4v4 8,oscillantes10 p4 #aid1 ed4 ,c4 ,o4 ,mll]4 ,?is fe/ival & its orig9 are also allud$ to 9 a passage ( "o ( ! manuscripts ( ,s]vius 7on ,virgil1 ,georg4 ii4 #chi71 :i* is pr9t$ by ,lion 9 8 edition ( ,s]vius 7vol4 ii4 #bed1 note71 b n by ,?ilo & ,hag5 9 _! l>ge critical edition ( ! old ,virgilian comm5tator4 8,9 ,s*ol4 ,bob4 p4 #bef we are told t !re 0 a rem9isc5ce ( ! fact t1 ! bodies ( ,lat9us & ,a5eas be+ undiscov]able1 _! animae 7 s\ght 9 ! air0 7,g4 ,e4 ,m4 ,m>9d91 s4v4 8,oscilla10 ,w4 ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ,greek & ,roman ,antiquities1#c ii4 #cjd74 ,m#bbe ,sw++ to promote ! gr[? ( plants4 #geb ,hyg9us1 ,fab4 #acj4 #gec ,probus on ,virgil1 ,georg4 ii4 #che4 #ged ,virgil1 ,georg4 ii4 #chh sqq4 #gee ,see above1 p4 #aeg4 ,m#bbf ,sw++ z a fe/al rite 9 mod]n ,greece & ,italy4 #gef ,w4 ,g4 ,cl>k1 ,peloponnesus 7,london1 #aheh71 p4 #bgd4 #geg ,j4 ,t4 ,b5t1 ,! ,cyclades 7,london1 #ahhe71 p4 #e4 #geh ,j4 ,t4 ,b5t1 quot$ by ,miss ,j4 ,e4 ,h>rison1 ,my?ology & ,monum5ts ( ,anci5t ,a!ns1 p4 xliii4 #gei ,v9c5zo ,dorsa1 ,la ,tradizione greco-lat9a negli usi e nelle cr$5ze popol>i della ,calabria ,cit]iore 7,cos5za1 #ahhd71 p4 #cf4 ,9 "o village ! cu/om is obs]v$ on ,asc5sion ,day in/ead ( at ,*ri/mas4 #gfj ,valds1 ,los ,majos de ,cadiz1 extract s5t to me 9 ! orig9al ,spani% by ,mr4 ,w4 ,moss1 ( #ba ,abbey ,grove1 ,bolton1 ,m>* #bcrd1 #aijg4 ,m#bbg ,sw++ at fe/ivals 9 spr+4 #gfa ,e4 ,d\tt1 ,magie et religion dans l',afrique du nord 7,algi]s1 #aijh71 pp4 #ehj sq4 #gfb ,w4 ,w4 ,rockhill1 8,notes on "s ( ! ,laws1 ,cu/oms1 & ,sup]/itions ( ,korea10 ,am]ican ,an?ropologi/1 iv4 7#ahia7 pp4 #ahe sq4 #gfc ,pausanias1 v4 #a4 #d4 #gfd ,pausanias1 vi4 #bj4 #i4 #gfe ,taboo & ! ,p]ils ( ! ,s\l1 pp4 #hh sq4 #gff ,j4 ,l4 van ,hasselt1 8,aanteek5+5 aanga&e de gewoont5 d] ,papoeas 9 de ,dorebaai1 t5 opzi*te van zwang]s*ap en geboorte10 ,tijds*rift voor ,indis*e ,taal- ,l&- en ,volk5kunde1 xliii4 7#aija7 p4 #eff4 #gfg ,j4 ,h4 ,lettebo]1 8,e5ige aanteek5+5 omtr5t de gebruik5 bij zwang]s*ap en geboorte ond] de ,savuneez510 ,m$$eel+5 van wege het ,n$]l&s*e ,z5del+g5oots*ap1 xlvi4 7#aijb7 p4 #de4