produc$ f images available at ! ,univ]sity ( ,florida ,digital ,collections47 ,illu/ration3 ,dea? ( ,waxe hadjo ,,! ,,exiles ,,( ,,florida3 ,,or1 ,,! ,,crimes ,,committ$ ,,by ,,our ,,gov]nm5t ,,aga9/ ,,! ,,m>oons1 ,,:o ,,fl$ ,,f ,,s\? ,,c>ol9a ,,& ,,o!r ,,slave ,,/ates1 ,,seek+ ,,protection ,,"u ,,spani% ,,laws4 ,,by ,,jo%ua ,r4 ,,gidd+s4 ,i1 z comm&] ( ! army1 pl$g$ ! national fai? t !y %\ld rema9 "u ! protection ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,,g5]al ,,jessup4 ,,columbus1 ,,ohio3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,follett1 ,,fo/] ,,& ,,company4 #aheh4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aheh4 ,,by ,,follett1 ,,fo/] ,,co41 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,ohio4 ,,to ,,my ,,con/itu5ts1 ,,! ,,p ,,:o ,,h ,,s ,,long ,,honor$ ,,me ,,) ,,_! ,,confid5ce1 ,,?is ,,"w ,,is ,,respectfully ,,d$icat$4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,gidd+s4 ,,introduction4 ,disc>d+ t code ( morals :i* tea*es ! suppression ( tru?1 = ! purpose ( uphold+ ! honor1 ei!r ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 or ( ! individuals :o wield its adm9i/ration1 ! ,au?or ( ! foll[+ "w has endeavor$ to give a fai?ful record ( ^? int]e/+ ev5ts :i* appe> directly connect$ ) ! ,exiles ( ,florida4 ,torn f _! native l&1 _! fri5ds & homes1 !y 7 sold 9 ! m>kets ( ,c>ol9a & ,georgia4 ,feel+ ! h& ( oppression be>+ heavily ^u !m1 !y fl$ to ,florida1 &1 "u ,spani% laws1 became free4 ,hold+ l&s ( ! ,spani% ,cr[n1 !y became citiz5s ( t ,t]ritory1 entitl$ to protection4 ,to rega9 possession ( _! truant bondm51 ,georgia made w> ^u ,florida1 b fail$ to obta9 h] object4 ,at a "t ( pr(\nd peace1 our army1 act+ "u ! direction ( ! ,executive1 invad$ ,florida1 murd]$ _m ( ^! free m51 & br\ght o!rs to ! ,unit$ ,/ates & consign$ !m to slav]y4 ,an exp5sive & bloody w> foll[$2 b fail+ to capture m ( ! ,exiles1 our army 0 )drawn4 ,?is w> 0 foll[$ by diplomatic ef=ts4 ,florida 0 pur*as$2 treaties ) ! ,florida ,indians 7 made & violat$2 gross frauds 7 p]petrat$2 di%onorable exp$i5ts 7 resort$ to1 & ano!r w> provok$4 ,dur+ its protract$ cont9uance ( sev5 ye>s1 brib]y & trea*]y 7 practic$ t[>ds ! ,exiles & _! allies1 ! ,sem9ole ,indians2 flags ( truce 7 violat$2 ! pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation 0 disreg>d$4 ,by ^! means ! removal ( ! ,exiles f ,florida 0 effect$4 ,aft] !y _h settl$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 mo/ ( ^! iniquities 7 repeat$1 until !y 7 driv5 f our nation & compell$ to seek an asylum 9 ,mexico4 ,m5 :o wield$ ! influ5ce ( ,gov]nm5t = ! consummation ( ^! crimes1 assidu\sly labor$ to suppress all k ( _! guilt2 to keep facts f ! popul> m9d2 to falsify ! hi/ory ( curr5t ev5ts1 & prev5t an exposure ( our national turpitude4 ,! object ( ?is "w is to meet t /ate ( circum/ances2 to expose fraud1 falsehood1 trea*]y1 & o!r crimes ( public m51 :o h pro/itut$ ! p[]s ( ,gov]nm5t to ! p]petration ( murd]s1 at ! contemplation ( :i* our humanity revolts4 ,! ,au?or has design$ to place be=e ! public a fai?ful record ( ev5ts appropriately fall+ )9 ! purview ( ! propos$ hi/ory2 he has endeavor$1 z f> z possible1 to d ju/ice to all conc]n$4 ,:]e ! action ( individuals is conc]n$1 he has endeavor$ to make !m speak = !mselves1 ?r\gh (ficial reports1 ord]s1 lett]s1 or writt5 evid5ces f _! own h&s2 & he flatt]s himself t he has done no inju/ice to any p]son4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,introduction v ,,*apt] ,i4 ,circum/ances att5d+ ! ,e>ly ,hi/ory ( ,slav]y 9 ! ,colonies4 ,exiles3 ef=ts to re/ore !m #a ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,fur!r ef=ts to re/ore ,exiles #af ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,ho/ilities ma9ta9$ by ,georgia2 ,fir/ ,sem9ole ,w> comm5c$ #bh ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,g5]al ,ho/ilities #df ,,*apt] ,v4 ,fur!r ef=ts ( ! ,gov]nm5t to re/ore ,exiles to s]vitude #eg ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,fur!r ef=ts to enslave ! ,exiles #fi ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,comm5cem5t ( ! ,second ,sem9ole ,w> #ig ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,ho/ilities cont9u$ #aae ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,ho/ilities cont9u$ #abe ,,*apt] ,x4 ,! ,w> cont9u$--,peace decl>$--,g5]al ,jessup assumes comm& ( ! ,army #ace ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,g5]al ,jessup ov]?r[s 8 own ef=ts 9 favor ( ,peace #adb ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,! r5ewal & prosecution ( ! ,w> #aef ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,vigor\s prosecution ( ! ,w> #agb ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,great difficulties int]rupt ! progress ( ! ,w> #ahi ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,difficulties 9 enslav+ ,exiles cont9u$ #bad ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,fur!r difficulties 9 ! "w ( enslav+ ! ,exiles #bbd ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,total failure ( all ef=ts to enslave ! ,exiles #bcc ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,fur!r difficulties 9 prosecut+ ! ,w> #bea ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,ho/ilities cont9u$ #bgd ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,ho/ilities cont9u$ #bhd ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,close ( ! ,w> #cjh ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,hi/ory ( ,exiles cont9u$ #cag ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,! re-union & f9al ,exodus #cbc ,,! ,,exiles ,,( ,,florida4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,circum/ances ,,att5d+ ,,! ,,e>ly ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,slav]y ,,9 ,,! ,,colonies4 ,settlem5t ( ,florida--,b\nd>ies ( ,c>ol9a--,enslav+ ,indians--,!y flee f _! ,ma/]s--,africans foll[ ! example--,spani% policy 9 reg>d to ,fugitive ,slaves--,c>ol9a dem&s ! surr5d] ( ,exiles--,florida refuses--,colony ( ,georgia e/abli%$--,its object--,exiles call$ ,sem9oles--,slav]y ,introduc$ ,into ,georgia--,sem9ole ,indians sep>ate f ,creeks--,slaves escape f ,georgia--,report ( ,committee ( ,safety--,report ( ,g5]al ,lee--,treaty ( ,augu/a--,treaty ( ,galph9ton--,s+ul> conduct ( ,georgia--,w> betwe5 ,creeks & ,georgia--,resolution ( ,congress--,treaty ( ,%\ld]bone--,ho/ilities cont9ue--,georgia calls on ,unit$ ,/ates = assi/ance--,commission]s s5t to negotiate ,treaty--,failure--,col4 ,willett's mission--,*iefs1 head m5 & ,w>riors repair to ,new ,york--,treaty =m$--,secret article--,extraord9>y cov5ants4 ,florida 0 orig9ally settl$ by ,spani>ds1 9 #aeeh4 ,!y 7 ! fir/ p to engage 9 ! ,african ,slave trade1 & s\ght to supply o!r nations ) s]vants f ! coa/ ( ,gu9ea4 ,! ,coloni/s held _m slaves1 expect+ to accumulate weal? by ! unrequit$ toil ( _! fell[-man4 ,sid5ote3 #afcj4 ,sid5ote3 #agjj4 ,c>ol9a by h] fir/ & second *>t]s claim$ a va/ ext5t ( c\ntry1 embrac+ ,/4 ,augu/9e & mo/ ( ,florida4 ,?is conflict ( jurisdiction soon involv$ ! ,coloni/s 9 ho/ilities4 ,! ,c>ol9ians also held _m slaves4 ,pr(it+ by ! labor ( h] s]vants1 ! p s\ght to increase _! weal? by enslav+ ! ,indians :o resid$ 9 _! vic9ity4 ,h5ce 9 ! e>ly slave codes ( t colony we f9d ref]5ce to negro & o!r slaves4 ,:5 ! b\nd>ies ( ,florida & ,s\? ,c>ol9a became e/abli%$1 ! ,coloni/s f\nd !mselves sep>at$ by ! t]ritory n[ con/itut+1 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 at t "t mo/ly occupi$ by ! ,creek ,indians4 ,! ef=ts ( ! ,c>ol9ians to enslave ! ,indians1 br\ght ) !m ! natural & appropriate p5alties4 ,! ,indians soon began to make _! escape f s]vice to ! ,indian c\ntry4 ,?is example 0 soon foll[$ by ! ,african slaves1 :o also fl$ to ! ,indian c\ntry1 &1 9 ord] to secure !mselves f pursuit1 cont9u$ _! j\rney into ,florida4 ,we are unable to fix ! precise "t :5 ! p]sons ?us exil$ con/itut$ a sep>ate community4 ,_! numb]s _h become s great 9 #agcf1 t !y 7 =m$ into companies1 & reli$ on by ! ,floridians z allies to aid 9 ! def5se ( t t]ritory4 ,!y 7 also p]mitt$ to occupy l&s ^u ! same t]ms t 7 grant$ to ! citiz5s ( ,spa92 inde$1 !y 9 all respects became free subjects ( ! ,spani% cr[n4 ,probably to ?is e>ly & /eady policy ( ! ,spani% ,gov]nm5t1 we may attribute ! e/abli%m5t & cont9uance ( ?is community ( ,exiles 9 t t]ritory4#a ,sid5ote3 #agch4 ,a mess5g] 0 s5t by ! ,colonial ,gov]nm5t ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a to dem& ! return ( ^? fugitive slaves :o _h f\nd an asylum 9 ,florida4 ,! dem& 0 made ^u ! ,gov]nor ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 b 0 promptly reject$4 ,?is 0 ! comm5cem5t ( a controv]sy :i* has cont9u$ = m ?an a c5tury1 involv+ our nation 9 a va/ exp5diture ( blood & treasure1 & x yet rema9s undet]m9$4 ,! con/ant escape ( slaves1 & ! difficulties result+ !refrom1 con/itut$ ! pr9cipal object = e/abli%+ a free colony betwe5 ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,florida1 :i* 0 call$ ,georgia4#b ,x 0 ?\ght t ?is colony1 be+ free1 w\ld af=d ! plant]s ( ,c>ol9a protection aga9/ ! fur!r escape ( _! slaves f s]vice4 ,^! ,exiles 7 by ! ,creek ,indians call$ ,sem9oles1 :i* 9 _! dialect signifies runaways1 & ! t]m be+ frequ5tly us$ :ile conv]s+ ) ! ,indians1 came into almo/ con/ant practice among ! :ites2 & al?\gh x has n[ come to be appli$ to a c]ta9 tribe ( ,indians1 yet x 0 orig9ally us$ 9 ref]5ce to ^! ,exiles long be=e ! ,sem9ole ,indians _h sep>at$ f ! ,creeks4 ,"s eight ye>s aft] ! ,colony ( ,georgia 0 fir/ e/abli%$1 ef=ts 7 made to introduce ,slav]y among its p4 ,! ord9>y argum5t1 t x w\ld ext5d ! ,*ri/ian religion1 0 br\ght to be> ^u ,:itfield & ,hab]%am1 & ! ,saltzb]g]s & ,moravians1 until !y cons5t$ to try ! exp]im5t1 & ,georgia became !nce=? a ,slavehold+ ,colony1 ^: fronti] bord]$ directly ^u ,florida2 br++ ! slaves ( h] plant]s into ! v neighborhood ( ^? ,exiles :o _h long be5 free "u ,spani% laws4 ,sid5ote3 #agej4 ,a difficulty arose among ! ,creek ,indians1 :i* ev5tually becom+ irreconcilable1 a *ief nam$ ,seac(fee1 ) a l>ge numb] ( foll[]s1 left t tribe--at t "t resid+ )9 ! pres5t limits ( ,georgia & ,alabama--& cont9u+ _! j\rney s\? ent]$ ! ,t]ritory ( ,florida1 &1 "u ! ,spani% colonial policy1 7 incorporat$ ) ! ,spani% population1 entitl$ to l&s :]ev] !y c\ld f9d !m unoccupi$1 & to ! protection ( ,spani% laws4#c ,f ! ye> #agej1 ,seac(fee & 8 foll[]s reject$ all ,creek au?ority1 refus$ to be repres5t$ 9 ,creek c\ncils1 held !mselves indep5d5t ( ,creek laws1 elect$ _! own *iefs1 & 9 all respects became a sep>ate ,tribe1 embrac+ ! ,mickasukies1 ) :om !y unit$4 ,!y settl$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,exiles1 associat$ ) !m1 & a mutual sympa?y & respect exi/+1 "s ( _! p int]m>ri$1 !reby /r5g!n+ ! ties ( fri5d%ip1 & ! ,indians hav+ fl$ f oppression & tak5 refuge "u ,spani% laws1 7 also call$ ,sem9oles1 or runaways4 ,aft] ,georgia became a ,slavehold+ ,colony1 we are l$ to believe ! practice ( slaves leav+ _! ma/]s1 :i* exi/$ 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 became frequ5t 9 ,georgia4 ,b we h no def9ite in=mation on ?is subject until ab\t ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,revolution>y ,w> 7#agge71 :5 ! ,c\ncil ( ,safety = t colony s5t to ,congress a communication sett+ =?1 t a l>ge =ce ( ,cont95tal troops 0 necess>y to prev5t _! slaves f des]t+ _! ma/]s4#d ,x 0 ab\t ! fir/ communication s5t to ,congress aft] x met1 9 #aggf1 & %[s t h] p !n s\ght to make ! nation be> ! bur!ns ( _! slav]y1 by furni%+ a milit>y =ce suffici5t to hold h] bondm5 9 fe>2 & if %e adh]es to t policy n[1 x m]ely illu/rates ! consi/5cy ( h] p 9 rely+ ^u ! freem5 ( ! ,nor? to uphold h] sy/em ( oppression4 ,sid5ote3 #aggf4 ,g5]al ,lee1 comm&+ ! milit>y =ces 9 t colony1 call$ ! p>ticul> att5tion ( ,congress to ! fact1 t slaves belong+ to ! plant]s1 fl$ f s]vitude & s\ght fre$om among ! ,exiles ( ,florida4 ,!re also yet rema9$ 9 ,georgia _m desc5dants ( ^? :o1 at ! e/abli%m5t ( t colony & s9ce t "t1 _h oppos$ ! in/itution ( ,slav]y4 ,^! p desir$ to te/ify _! abhorr5ce ( human s]vitude4 ,!y assembl$ 9 l>ge numb]s1 9 ! di/rict ( ,d>i51 & publicly resolv$ z foll[s3 ,to %[ ! _w t we are n influ5c$ by any contract$ or int]e/$ motives1 b by a g5]al philan?ropy = all mank9d1 ( :atev] climate1 language or complexion1 we h]eby decl>e our disapprobation & abhorr5ce ( slav]y 9 ,am]ica4 ,! public av[al ( ^! doctr9es1 naturally enc\rag$ slaves to seek _! fre$om by su* means z !y possess$4 ,"o day's travel w\ld place "s ( !m among fri5ds1 & 9 ! enjoym5t ( lib]ty2 & !y 7 sure to be k9dly receiv$ & respectfully treat$1 soon z !y c\ld rea* _! bre?r5 9 ,florida4 ,( c\rse _m avail$ !mselves ( ?is opportunity to escape f s]vice4 ,! ,exiles rema9$ 9 ! undi/urb$ enjoym5t ( lib]ty dur+ ! w> ( ! ,revolution4 ,! ,creeks 7 a p[]ful & w>like p1 ^: fri5d%ip 0 c\rt$ dur+ ! sangu9>y /ruggle t secur$ our ,national ,indep5d5ce4 ,dur+ ^? turbul5t times x w\ld n h be5 prud5t = a ma/] to pursue 8 slave ?r\gh ! ,creek c\ntry1 or to h br\ght him back to ,georgia if once arre/$4 ,! ,exiles be+ ?us free f annoyance1 cultivat$ ! fri5d%ip ( _! savage neighbors2 r5d]$ !mselves useful to ! ,indians1 bo? z labor]s & 9 c\ncil4 ,!y also manife/$ mu* judgm5t 9 ! selection ( _! l&s = cultivation--locat+ _! pr9cipal settlem5ts on ! ri* bottoms ly+ along ! ,appala*icola & ! ,suwanee ,riv]s4 ,"h !y op5$ plantations1 & _m ( !m became weal?y 9 flocks & h]ds4 ,sid5ote3 #aghc4 ,imm$iately aft] ! close ( ! w>1 ! au?orities ( ,georgia are said to h ent]$ into a treaty ) ! ,creek ,indians1 at ,augu/a1 9 :i* x is alleg$ t ! ,creeks agre$ to grant to t ,/ate a l>ge tract ( l&1 & to re/ore su* slaves z 7 !n resid5t among ! ,creeks4 ,b we f9d no copy ( ?is treaty 9 pr9t1 or 9 manuscript4 ,z e>ly z #aghi1 only six ye>s aft] x 0 said to h be5 negotiat$1 ,hugh ,knox1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 9 a communication to ,congress1 decl>$ t no copy ( ?is treaty 0 !n 9 ! possession ( ,congress2 & x has n be5 s9ce repr9t$4 ,inde$1 x is believ$ nev] to h be5 pr9t$4 ,sid5ote3 #aghe4 ,! difficulty betwe5 ,georgia & ! ,creeks becom+ m s]i\s1 ! aid ( ! ,cont95tal ,congress 0 invok$1 = ! purpose ( secur+ t ,/ate 9 ! enjoym5t ( :at h] p decl>$ to be _! rights4 ,congress appo9t$ ?ree commission]s to exam9e ! exi/+ causes ( difficulty1 & if possible to negotiate a treaty ) ! ,creeks t %\ld secure ju/ice to all ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,communities1 l individuals1 (t5 exhibit 9 e>ly life ^? *>act]i/ics :i* di/+ui% _! mature age1 & become rul+ passions :5 s5ility m>ks ! d[nhill ( life4 ,?us ,georgia1 9 h] v infancy1 exhibit$ t desire = controll+ our ,national ,gov]nm5t :i* subsequ5tly m>k$ h] manhood4 ,possess+ no p[] "u ! ,con/itution to ent] into any treaty except by cons5t ( ,congress1 h] ,executive appo9t$ ?ree ,commission]s to att5d & sup]vise ! action ( ^? appo9t$ by ! ,f$]al ,legislature4 ,! "t & place = hold+ ! treaty _h be5 arrang$ ) ! ,indians by ! ,gov]nor ( ,georgia4 ,at ,galph9ton1#e ! place appo9t$1 ! ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates met ^? ( ,georgia1 :o pres5t$ !m ) ! =m ( a treaty fully drawn out & ready = signatures1 & dem&$ ( ! ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates its adoption4 ,?is extraord9>y proce$+ 0 treat$ by ! ,f$]al ,commission]s 9 a dignifi$ & appropriate mann]1 9 _! report to ,congress4 ,"o important provision ( ?is in*oate treaty /ipulat$ = ! return to ! p ( ,georgia ( su* fugitive negroes z 7 !n 9 ! ,indian c\ntry1 & ( su* z might !reaft] flee f bondage4 ,! ,commission]s appo9t$ by ,congress wait$ at ,galph9ton sev]al days1 & f9d+ only two ( ! "o hundr$ t[ns compos+ ! ,creek tribe repres5t$ 9 ! c\ncil ab\t to be held1 !y refus$ to reg>d !m z au?oriz$ to act = ! ,creek nation1 & w\ld n cons5t to ent] ^u any negotiation ) !m z repres5tatives ( t tribe4 ,?is c\rse 0 n 9 accordance ) ! ideas ( ! ,commission]s appo9t$ by ,georgia4 ,aft] ^? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h left1 !y proce$$ to ent] into a treaty ) ! repres5tatives f ! two t[ns1 :o pr(ess$ to act = ! :ole ,creek nation4 ,?is pret5d$ treaty gave ! ,/ate ( ,georgia a l>ge t]ritory2 & ! eigh? article provid$1 t ! ,indians %all re/ore all ! negroes1 horses & o!r prop]ty1 t are or may h]eaft] be among !m1 belong+ to ! citiz5s ( ?is ,/ate1 or to any o!r p]son :atev]1 to su* p]son z ! gov]nor %all appo9t4#f ,?is attempt to make a treaty by ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 9 direct violation ( ! articles ( ,conf$]ation1 & to b9d ! ,creek nation by an act ( ! repres5tatives ( only two ( _! t[ns1 con/itutes ! fir/ (ficial transaction ( :i* we h docum5t>y evid5ce1 9 t long tra9 ( ev5ts :i* has = sev5ty ye>s involv$ our nation 9 difficulty1 & ! ,exiles ( ,florida 9 p]secutions & cruelties unequal$ "u ,republican gov]nm5ts4 ,! ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates made report ( _! proce$+s to ,congress2 & ^? ( ,georgia report$ to ! gov]nor ( t ,/ate4#g ,_! report 0 transmitt$ to ! ,legislature1 & t body1 ) an arrogance t comm&s our admiration1 pass$ /rong resolutions d5\nc+ ! action ( ! ,f$]al ,commission]s1 comm5d+ ! action ( ^? ( ,georgia1 & ass]t+ h] ,/ate sov]eignty 9 language some:at bomba/ic4 ,sid5ote3 #aghf4 ,sid5ote3 #aghg4 ,soon aft] ! mak+ ( ?is pret5d$ treaty1 ! ,creeks comm5c$ ho/ilities1 murd]+ ! p on ! fronti]s ( ,georgia1 & burn+ _! dwell+s4 ,! ,spani% au?orities ( ,florida 7 *>g$ ) fom5t+ ^! difficulties1 & ! ,congress ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates felt con/ra9$ to int]f]e4#h ,! ,commission]s previ\sly appo9t$ to =m a treaty ) ! ,creeks1 71 by a resolution ( ! ,cont95tal ,congress1 adopt$ ,oct4 #bf1 in/ruct$ to obta9 a treaty ) ! ,indians :i* w\ld secure a return ( all prison]s1 ( :atev] age1 sex or complexion1 & to re/ore all fugitive slaves belong+ to citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4#i ,?is resolution 0 ! fir/ act on ! "p ( ! ,cont95tal ,congress 9 favor ( re/or+ fugitive slaves4 ,x 0 adopt$ "u ! articles ( ,conf$]ation1 be=e ! adoption ( our pres5t con/itution1 & ( c\rse con/itutes no prec$5t "u our pres5t gov]nm5t2 yet x introduc$ a practice t has long agitat$ ! nation1 & may yet lead to important & ev5 sangu9>y results4 ,sid5ote3 #aghh4 ,)\t await+ ! action ( ,congress1 ! au?orities ( ,georgia1 by h] ag5ts1 ent]$ into ano!r treaty1 at a place call$ ,%\ld]bone1 by :i* ! ,creeks appe> to h ackn[l$g$ ! violation ( ! ,treaty ( ,galph9ton1 & aga9 /ipulat$ to obs]ve its cov5ants4#aj ,we h no reliable in=mation z to ! numb] ( ! ,creek t[ns repres5t$ at ! mak+ ( ?is ?ird treaty by ,georgia4 ,! :ole transaction 0 by ! ,/ate1 9 h] own "n1 by h] own au?ority1 )\t cons5t ( ,congress1 & all pap]s relat+ to x1 if any exi/1 w\ld ( c\rse be among ! manuscript files ( t ,/ate4 ,x is believ$ t ,georgia nev] pr9t$ any ( ^! treaties2 & we c only /ate _! cont5ts f recitals :i* we f9d among ! ,/ate pap]s ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,x is h[ev] c]ta91 t ! ,creeks d5i$ t any su* treaty _h be5 ent]$ into2 & !y cont9u$ ho/ilities1 z ?\gh no su* treaty _h be5 ?\ght ( by !m4 ,?is pret5d$ ,treaty ( ,%\ld]bone ex]t$ no m moral influ5ce among ! ,creeks ?an did t ( ,galph9ton4 ,! w> cont9u$ betwe5 ! p ( ,georgia & ! ,creeks4 ,! savages appe>$ to be ar\s$ to indignation by :at !y reg>d$ z palpable frauds4 ,excit$ at su* ef=ts to impose ^u !m /ipulations degrad+ to _! "*1 !y prosecut$ ! w> ) increas$ bitt]ness4 ,sid5ote3 #aghh4 ,! natural results ( su* turpitude1 induc$ ,georgia to be "o ( ! fir/ 9 ! si/]hood ( ,/ates to adopt ! ,f$]al ,con/itution 7,aug4 #bh74 ,h] /atesm5 expect$ x to relieve _! ,/ate f ! bur!ns ( ! w> :i* !n deva/at$ h] bord]4 ,sid5ote3 #aghi4 ,soon z ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t 0 organiz$ "u ! con/itution1 ! au?orities ( ,georgia invok$ its aid1 to protect h] p f ! indignation ( ! ,creek ,indians4 ,g5]al ,wa%+ton1 ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 at once appo9t$ ,commission]s to repair to ! ,indian c\ntry1 asc]ta9 ! real difficulty1 & if able1 !y 7 direct$ to negotiate a suitable treaty1 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! ,/ate ( ,georgia claim$ title to ! t]ritory c$$ by ! treaties ( ,galph9ton & ,%\ld]bone2 :ile ! ,creeks entirely repudiat$ !m1 decl>+ !m fraudul5t1 d5y+ _! validity1 & refus+ to abide by _! /ipulations4 ,! gov]nor ( ,georgia plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a li/ ( prop]ty :i* _h be5 lo/ s9ce ! close ( ! ,revolution by ! p ( ,georgia1 = :i* !y dem&$ indemnity ( ! ,creeks4 ,?is li/ conta9$ ! names ( "o hundr$ & t5 negroes1 :o 7 said to h left _! ma/]s dur+ ! ,revolution1 & f\nd an asylum among ! ,creeks4 ,! ,treaty ( ,galph9ton conta9$ a /ipulation on ! "p ( ! ,creeks1 to return all prison]s1 ( :atev] age1 sex or color1 & all negroes belong+ to ! citiz5s ( ,georgia1 !n resid+ ) ! ,creeks4 ,arrangem5ts _h already be5 made ) ! *iefs1 w>riors & pr9cipal m5 ( ! ,creek nation1 to meet ! ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ,rock ,l&+1 on ! ,oconee ,riv]4 ,! ,commission]s 7 receiv$ by ! ,indians ) great respect & =mality2 b soon z !y le>n$ t ! ,commission]s 7 n au?oriz$ to re/ore _! l&s1 !y broke (f all negotiation1 promis+ to rema9 9 peace1 h[ev]1 until an opportunity %\ld be pres5t$ = fur!r negotiations4 ,! failure ( ?is mission 0 foll[$ by ! appo9tm5t ( ,col4 ,willett1 an intrepid (fic] ( ! ,revolution1 :o 0 au?oriz$ to proce$ to ! ,creek nation1 &1 if possible1 to induce its *iefs & headm5 to repair to ,new ,york1 :]e !y c\ld negotiate a new treaty1 )\t ! int]f]5ce ( ! au?orities or p ( ,georgia4 ,col4 ,willett 0 successful4 ,he induc$ ! pr9cipal *ief1 ,mc,gillivray1 ! son ( a di/+ui%$ ,indian trad]1 toge!r ) tw5ty-eight o!r *iefs & w>riors1 to come on to ,new ,york1 = ! purpose ( =m+ a treaty ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & settl+ all difficulties previ\sly exi/+ betwe5 ,georgia & _! nation4 ,on _! way to ,new ,york1 !y 7 receiv$ at ,philadelphia1 by ! au?orities ( t city1 ) great c]emony & respect4 ,_! vanity 0 flatt]$1 & e ef=t made to induce !m to believe peace ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld be important to bo? p>ties4 ,at ,new ,york !y f\nd ,congress 9 session4 ,"h !y m+l$ ) ! great m5 ( our nation4 ,! ,columbian ,ord]1 or ,tammany ,society1 0 active 9 its att5tions4 ,!y escort$ ! delegation to ! city1 & ent]ta9$ !m ) a public d9n]2 & made ,mc,gillivray1 ! pr9cipal *ief1 a memb] ( _! society4 ,9 ?is way1 ! m9ds ( ! ,indians 7 prep>$ = ent]+ into ! treaty :i* foll[$4 ,sid5ote3 #agij4 ,!re 01 among ! p ( ! entire nation1 an int5se anxiety to r5d] e "p ( ! ,union satisfi$ & pleas$ ) ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 !n j =m$1 z !y felt t _! only hope ( prosp]ity dep5d$ ^u a cont9uance ( ! f$]al union4 ,!re 0 also a g5]al sympa?y ?r\gh\t ! nation ) ! slavehold]s ( ! ,s\?1 :o 7 suppos$ to h suff]$ mu*1 by ! loss ( _! s]vants1 dur+ ! w> ( ! ,revolution2 few p at t "t realiz+ ! moral guilt ( hold+ _! fell[-m5 9 bondage4 ,:ile ! revolution>y conte/ 0 go+ on1 _m slaves 9 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates escap$ f ! s]vice ( _! ma/]s1 &1 "u ! proclamations ( v>i\s ,briti% comm&]s1 enli/$ into ! s]vice ( 8 ,britannic ,maje/y2 & hav+ tak5 ! oa? ( allegiance to ! cr[n ( ,engl&1 7 reg>d$ z ,briti% subjects4 ,o!rs escap$ ) _! families1 & gett+ on bo>d ,briti% vessels1 sail$ to ! ,we/ ,indies1 :]e !y settl$ z free p]sons4 ,?us1 :ile "o class ( ma/]s _h su/a9$ great losses by ! enli/m5t ( _! slaves1 ano!r class _h suff]$ by ! escape ( _! bondm51 ?r\gh ! aid ( ,briti% vessels2 :ile a ?ird su/a9$ an equal loss by ! escape ( _! s]vants to ! ,sem9oles 9 ,florida4 ,^! ?ree diff]5t int]e/s unit$ 9 claim+ ! aid ( gov]nm5t to rega9 possession ( _! slaves1 or to obta9 indemnity = _! loss4 ,! timely arrival ( ,mr4 ,p9ckney1 secur$ ! ins]tion ( a clause 9 ! ,treaty ( ,p>is1 provid+ t 8 ,britannic ,maje/y %\ld )draw 8 troops f all ,am]ican =ts1 ars5als1 %ipy>ds1 etc41 )\t de/roy+ ordnance or milit>y /ores1 or c>ry+ away any negroes or o!r prop]ty ( ! inhabitants4 ,?is provision 0 reg>d$ by ! slavehold]s ( ! ,s\? z secur+ a comp5sation to all ^? ^: slaves _h enli/$ 9 ! ,briti% army1 z well z to ^? ^: slaves _h escap$ to ! ,briti% ,we/ ,india ,isl&s by aid ( ,engli% vessels2 :ile ^? ^: s]vants 7 quietly liv+ ) ! ,sem9oles1 _h n be5 provid$ = by ! treaty ( peace4#aa ,^! circum/ances r5d]$ ! own]s ( ! ,exiles m clamor\s = ! int]position ( ! ,/ate ,gov]nm5t1 inasmu* z ! f$]al au?ority _h entirely omitt$ to notice _! int]e/s1 :ile x 0 suppos$ to h secur$ a comp5sation to ! o!r two classes ( claimants4 ,x 0 "u ^! circum/ances1 t ,g5]al ,wa%+ton proce$$ to ! negotiation ( ! fir/ treaty1 ent]$ into "u our pres5t =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,! *iefs1 headm5 & w>riors ( ! ,creek nation 7 pres5t at ,new ,york3 ,georgia 0 also !re by h] s5ators & repres5tatives1 :o c>efully wat*$ ov] h] int]e/s2 & ,g5]al ,knox1 ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 0 appo9t$ commission] to negotiate a treaty1 ?us to be =m$1 "u ! p]sonal sup]vision ( ! ,presid5t4 ,! object ( ! ,presid5t 0 effect$1 a treaty 0 =m$1 & be>s date ,augu/ #a1 #agij4 ,x con/itutes ! title-page ( our diplomatic hi/ory4 ,?is fir/ ex]cise ( our treaty-mak+ p[] "u ! con/itution1 0 put =? = ! b5efit ( ! ,slave int]e/s ( ,georgia4 ,x surr5d]$ up to ! ,creeks c]ta9 l&s1 :i* ! au?orities ( ,georgia claim$ to hold "u ! treaty ( ,galph9ton1 b reta9$ sub/antially ! /ipulation = ! surr5d] ( negroes1 :i* _h be5 ins]t$ 9 t extraord9>y compact4 ,by ! ?ird article ( ?is new treaty1 x 0 /ipulat$ z foll[s3 ,! ,creek nation %all deliv]1 z soon z practicable1 to ! comm&+ (fic] ( ! troops ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ation$ at ,rock ,l&+1 on ! ,oconee ,riv]1 all citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :ite inhabitants or negroes1 :o are n[ prison]s 9 any "p ( ! said nation4 ,& if any su* prison]s or negroes %\ld n be s deliv]$1 on or be=e ! fir/ day ( ,june ensu+1 ! gov]nor ( ,georgia may emp[] ?ree p]sons to repair to ! said nation1 9 ord] to claim & receive su* prison]s & negroes4 ,hi/orians h ref]r$ to ?is clause z conta9+ m]ely a /ipulation = ! surr5d] ( prison]s2#ab b ! mann] 9 :i* ! t]m negroes /&s connect$ 9 ! disjunctive =m ) t ( prison]s1 w\ld appe> to ju/ify1 at lea/ to "s ext5t1 ! subsequ5t con/ruction put ^u x1 s f> z reg>d$ negroes !n resid5t ) ! ,creeks2 b x c]ta9ly makes no allusion to ^? :o 7 resid+ ) ! ,sem9oles 9 ,florida4 ,x is a rem>kable feature ( ?is treaty1 t ! ,creek *iefs1 pr9cipal m5 & w>riors %\ld1 9 its fir/ article1 pr(ess to act1 n only = ! ,upp] & ,l[] ,creek ,t[ns1 b = ! ,sem9oles :o 7 9 ,florida1 protect$ by ,spani% laws4 ,!y _h n be5 invit$ to att5d ! negotiation1 _h s5t no delegate1 7 :olly unrepres5t$ 9 ! ,c\ncil2 inde$1 s f> z we are in=m$1 7 :olly ignorant ( ! objects :i* _h call$ su* a c\ncil1 & ( ! fact ev5 t a c\ncil 0 held1 or a treaty negotiat$4 ,our fa!rs _h j pass$ ?r\gh sev5 ye>s ( w> & blood%$1 r ?an submit to taxation )\t repres5tation2 b ?is attempt to b9d ! ,sem9ole ,indians to surr5d] up ! ,exiles1 :o 7 _! fri5ds & neighbors1 & :o n[ /ood connect$ ) !m by m>riage1 & 9 all ! relations ( dome/ic life1 )\t _! cons5t or k1 con/itutes an inconsi/5cy :i* c only be acc\nt$ = by ! desire !n preval5t1 to gratify & please ^? :o wield$ ! slavehold+ influ5ce ( our nation4 ,ano!r extraord9>y feature ( ?is treaty may be f\nd 9 ! secret article1 by :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ipulat$ to pay ! ,creeks fifte5 hundr$ doll>s annually1 9 all com+ "t4 ,! reason = mak+ ?is /ipulation secret is n to be le>n$ f any docum5t>y au?ority be=e ! public1 & _c n[ be acc\nt$ =1 except f ! delicacy :i* ! au?orities ( our nation !n felt 9 tax+ ! p ( ! free ,/ates1 to pay s\!rn ,indians = ! return ( ^? ,exiles4 ,& x is int]e/+ at ?is day to look back & reflect1 t = ne>ly sev5ty ye>s ! p ( ! nation h contribut$ _! funds to su/a9 ! au?ority ( ^? slavehold]s ( ,georgia ov] _! bondm51 :ile ,nor!rn /atesm5 h con/antly assur$ _! con/itu5ts1 !y h no?+ to d ) t in/itution4 ,x w\ld be un*>itable to believe1 t ,g5]al ,wa%+ton 0 at t "t consci\s t he 0 ?us precipitat+ our nation ^u a policy de/9$ to involve its gov]nm5t 9 difficulties1 ^: t]m9ation w\ld be unc]ta94 ,aft] ! treaty _h be5 agre$ to by ! p>ties mak+ x1 ,g5]al ,wa%+ton met ! *iefs1 headm5 & w>riors1 assembl$ 9 ! ,hall ( ,repres5tatives1 9 ! pres5ce ( memb]s ( ,congress & a l>ge conc\rse ( spectators4 ,! treaty 0 publicly read1 & to ea* article ! ,indians express$ _! ass5t1 & sign$ x 9 ! pres5ce ( ! p1 ea* receiv+ f ! ,presid5t a /r+ ( wampum4 ,! ,presid5t !n %ook h&s ) ea*1 :i* conclud$ ! c]emonies ( ! day4 ,! treaty 0 transmitt$ on ! foll[+ day to ! ,s5ate1 accompani$ by a ,message f ! ,presid5t1 say+3 ,i flatt] myself t ?is treaty w be productive ( pres5t peace & prosp]ity to our ,s\!rn fronti]4 ,x is to be expect$1 also1 t x w be ! means ( firmly atta*+ ! ,creeks & neighbor+ tribes to ! int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! ,presid5t also allud$ 9 8 message to ! treaty ( ,galph9ton1 z conta9+ a /ipulation to c$e to ,georgia c]ta9 o!r l&s1 :i* x 0 believ$ w\ld be detrim5tal to ! int]e/s ( ! ,indians1 &1 !re=e1 t cov5ant _h be5 disreg>d$ 9 ! treaty ( ,new ,york4 ,9 ano!r ,message to ! ,s5ate1 on ! elev5? ( ,augu/1 ! ,presid5t says3 ,?is treaty may be reg>d$ z ! ma9 f\ndation ( ! future peace & prosp]ity ( ! ,s\?we/]n fronti] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,on ! n9? ( ,augu/1 a motion 0 made 9 ! ,s5ate to ref] ! treaty to a select committee1 :i* 0 reject$ by a vote ( t5 nays to eight yeas2 & on ! twelf?1 x 0 approv$ by a vote ( fifte5 yeas to f\r nays2 b we h no report ( any discussion ^u ! subject1 nor d we "k at ?is day ! objections :i* dictat$ ! votes giv5 aga9/ its ratification4#ac ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,fur!r ,,ef=ts ,,to ,,re/ore ,,exiles4 ,sem9oles repudiate ,treaty ( ,new ,york--,attempts to induce ,spani% au?orities to deliv] up ! ,exiles--,_! refusal--,l[] ,creeks ho/ile to ,treaty--,mc,gillivray--,8 p>5tage & "*--,georgia ho/ile to ,treaty--,makes w> ^u ,creeks--,g5]al ,wa%+ton ann\nces failure to ma9ta9 ,peace--,g5]al ,knox's recomm5dation--,decision ( ,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt--,ex]tions--,comb9ation ( v>i\s classes ( ,claimants--,wa%+ton f9ds 8 influ5ce p[]less--,appo9ts ,judge ,jay--,failure ( claims on ,engl&--,condition & habits ( ,exiles--,effect on ,slaves ( ,georgia--,treaty ( ,col]a9--,commission]s ( ,georgia leave ,c\ncil 9 disgu/--,election ( ! eld] ,adams--,8 ,adm9i/ration--,election ( ,jeff]son--,8 ,adm9i/ration4 ,! long p5d+ difficulties betwe5 ,georgia & ! neighbor+ tribes ( ,indians 7 n[ 7#agia7 believ$ to be p]man5tly settl$1 & x 0 ?\ght ! new gov]nm5t w\ld proce$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( its duties )\t fur!r p]plexity4 ,b x 0 soon f\nd impossible = ! ,creeks to comply ) _! /ipulations4 ,! ,sem9oles refus$ to recognize ! treaty1 insi/+ t !y 7 n b\nd by any compact1 arrangem5t or agreem5t1 made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,creeks1 to :i* !y 7 n a p>ty1 & ( :i* !y _h no notice2 t !y 7 a sep>ate1 indep5d5t tribe2 t ?is fact 0 well kn[n to bo? ,creeks & ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & t ! attempt ( ^? p>ties to decl>e :at ! ,sem9oles %\ld d1 or %\ld n d1 0 insult+ to _! dignity1 to _! self-respect1 & only wor?y ( _! contempt4 ,!y !re=e :olly disc>d$ ! treaty1 & repudiat$ all its provisions4 ,!y resid$ 9 ,florida1 "u ! jurisdiction ( ,spani% laws1 subject only to ! cr[n ( ,spa94 ,!re !y enjoy$ t lib]ty s cong5ial to savages1 z well z civiliz$ m54 ,! ,creeks d>$ n attempt to br+ back ! ,exiles by =ce1 & ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 unwill+ to invade a ,spani% colony = ! purpose ( recaptur+ ^? :o _h escap$ f ! bonds ( oppression1 & _h become legally free4 ,sid5ote3 #agib4 ,9 ?is /ate ( affairs1 an ag5t by ! "n ( ,seagrove 0 s5t to ,florida = ! purpose ( negotiat+ ) ! ,spani% au?orities = ! return ( ! ,exiles4 ,he _h be5 ag5t to ! ,creek ,indians1 & well und]/ood _! views 9 reg>d to ! treaty4 ,:5 he rea*$ ,florida1 he f\nd ! au?orities ( t ,prov9ce entirely oppos$ to ! surr5d] ( any subjects ( ! ,spani% cr[n to slav]y4 ,! ,exiles 7 reg>d$ z hold+ ! same rights :i* ! :ite citiz5s held2 & x 0 evid5t1 t ! repres5tatives ( ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 enc\rag$ bo? ! ,sem9ole ,indians & ,exiles1 to refuse compliance ) ! treaty ( ,new ,york4#ad ,nor 0 ! ,creek nation unit$ ^u ?is subject4 ,! l[] ,creeks1 or ^? :o resid$ on ! s\!rn fronti] ( ,georgia1 7 n zeal\s 9 _! support ( ! treaty2 & x 0 said t ,mc,gillivray1 ! pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,creeks1 0 himself becom+ unfri5dly to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & r dispos$ to unite ) ! ,spani% au?orities4 ,?is man ex]t$ great influ5ce ) ! ,indians4 ,he 0 ! son ( an ,indian trad]1 a ,scot*man1 by a ,creek woman1 ! daught] ( a di/+ui%$ *ief4 ,he _h receiv$ a good ,engli% education2 b 8 fa!r _h jo9$ ! ,engli% dur+ ! ,revolution1 & he1 hav+ be5 (f5d$ by "s lead+ m5 ( ,georgia1 _h tak5 up 8 resid5ce ) ! ,indians & become _! pr9cipal *ief1 9 :om !y repos$ implicit confid5ce4 ,amid ^! difficulties1 ! p ( ,georgia manife/$ an equal ho/ility to ! treaty1 inasmu* z x surr5d]$ a l>ge t]ritory to t ,/ate1 :i* ! au?orities ( ,georgia pret5d$ to h obta9$ by ! treaty ( ,galph9ton4 ,! g5]al feel+ 9 t ,/ate 0 f> f be+ satisfi$ ) ! action ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,seagrove1 writ+ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> on ?is subject1 decl>$1 t to su* l5g?s h matt]s gone1 t !y 7! ,georgians7 n[ consid] ! troops & s]vants ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o are plac$ among !m1 ne>ly z great enemies z !y d ! ,indians4#ae ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! ,gov]nor ( ,georgia 0 address$1 by ord] ( ! ,presid5t2 b he evid5tly p>ticipat$ 9 ! popul> feel+ ( 8 ,/ate4 ,:ile ! ,spani% au?orities & ,sem9oles1 bo? ,indians & ,exiles1 repudiat$ ! treaty ( ,new ,york1 ,gov]nor ,tellfair1 ( ,georgia1 decl>$ t ! p ( 8 ,/ate w\ld recognize no treaty 9 :i* h] commission]s 7 n consult$4 ,in/ead ( obs]v+ its /ipulations ( peace1 he proce$$ to raise an army2 invad$ ! ,creek c\ntry1 attack$ "o ( _! t[ns said to be fri5dly to ,georgia1 kill$ "s ( _! p1 took o!rs prison]s1 burn$ _! dwell+s1 & de/roy$ _! crops4 ,sid5ote3 #agid4 ,! ,creeks decl>$ _! inability to return ! ,exiles1#af &1 on ! ?irtie? ( ,janu>y1 ,g5]al ,wa%+ton1 9 a ,special ,message to ,congress1 ann\nc$ ! failure ( all ef=ts to ma9ta9 tranquillity betwe5 ! p ( ,georgia & ! ,creek ,indians4 ,su* 7 ! difficulties surr\nd+ ! subject ( rega9+ ! ,exiles1 t ,g5]al ,knox1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 9 a writt5 communication address$ to ! ,presid5t1 recomm5d$ t ,congress %\ld make an appropriation to _! own]s1 f ! public treasury1 z ! only practicable mann] 9 :i* t matt] c\ld be settl$4#ag ,?is communication 0 transmitt$ to ,congress by ! ,presid5t1 accompani$ by a special message1 recomm5d+ x to ! consid]ation ( t body2 b ! memb]s appe>$ unwill+ to adopt ! policy ?us sugge/$4 ,!y seem to h ent]ta9$ d\bts z to ! propriety ( appropriat+ ! money ( ! p to pay = fugitive slaves4 ,!y respectfully laid ! ,message1 & ! recomm5dation ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ^u ! table1 & ord]$ !m to be pr9t$4#ah ,! claimants ( ! ,exiles 7 aga9 enc\rag$ & /r5g!n$ 9 _! expectations by ! excitem5t prevail+ 9 ! s\!rn portion ( ! ,union1 aris+ f a decision ( ! ,circuit ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 held at ,ri*mond1 ,virg9ia4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w>1 ! ,/ates prohibit$ ! collection ( debts due ,briti% subjects f citiz5s ( ! ,colonies4 ,^! debts _h rema9$ unpaid = "s sixte5 ye>s2 & al?\gh ! debtors ent]ta9$ an expectation ( pay+ !m at "s future p]iod1 _m int5d$ meet+ ^? dem&s by ! funds :i* !y suppos$ w\ld be aw>d$ !m z indemnity = slaves c>ri$ away 9 ,briti% vessels dur+ ! ,revolution1 & = ^? enli/$ into ! ,briti% army4 ,^! laws1 enact$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,revolution1 7 decl>$ by ! ,c\rt to h be5 sup]s$$ by ! treaty ( peace1 9 #aghc2 & ! debtors 9 ! sev]al ,/ates ?us became liable to ! paym5t ( ^? debts1 :ile _! dem&s ( indemnity = slaves 7 p5d+1 & ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t _h ?us f> refus$ to ackn[l$ge _! validity4 ,^! claimants became impati5t ( delay1 & dem&$ t ano!r treaty be =m$ ) ,engl&1 by :i* !y c\ld obta9 indemnity = ! loss ( _! slaves4 ,^! unit+ ) ^? :o claim$ a return ( ! ,exiles 9 ,florida1 con/itut$ an influ5tial portion ( ! p ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates1 ^: jo9t influ5ce 0 ex]t$ to involve ! ,gov]nm5t 9 ! support ( slav]y4 ,not)/&+ ^! clamors1 ! ,gov]nm5t 0 p[]less z to obta9+ relief = ei!r class4 ,! ,briti% ,m9i/ry refus$ indemnity1 & ! ,sem9oles1 support$ & enc\rag$ by ! ,spani% au?orities1 7 inexorable 9 _! refusal to surr5d] ! ,exiles4 ,at t e>ly p]iod ( our hi/ory1 ! subject ( slav]y greatly p]plex$ ! ,f$]al ,adm9i/ration2 nor 0 ! g5ius1 or ! influ5ce ( ,wa%+ton1 suffici5tly p[]ful to sil5ce ! malcont5ts4 ,he 0 =tunate 9 select+ ,judge ,jay1 ( ,new ,york1 z a ,m9i/] ,pl5ipot5ti>y1 = negotiat+ a treaty ) ,great ,brita94 ,?is illu/ri\s patriot possess$ great purity ( "*2 _h long be5 di/+ui%$ = 8 devotion to ! welf>e ( ! nation2 &1 al?\gh a ,nor!rn man1 ,s\!rn slave claimants c\ld raise no objection to him4 ,b e /ep t[>ds ! adju/m5t ( ! claims aris+ = slaves c>ri$ away by ! ,engli% %ips1 or enli/$ into ! ,briti% army1 _h ! effect to r5d] ! own]s ( ,exiles m importunate4 ,!re 0 only "o rec\rse1 h[ev]1 left = ! ,adm9i/ration2 !y c\ld d no m ?an to call on ! ,creeks = a new treaty1 9 ord] to adju/ ^! claims4 ,sid5ote3 #agie ,z ! ,presid5t 0 ab\t to take measures = obta9+ ano!r treaty ) ! ,creeks1 news arriv$ f ,engl& t ,judge ,jay1 9 =m+ a new treaty ) ! ,briti% ,cr[n1 _h be5 con/ra9$ to surr5d] all claims ( our citiz5s = slaves c>ri$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,briti% vessels dur+ ! w>1 or = ^? :o _h enli/$ into ! ,briti% s]vice4 ,?is news creat$ mu* excitem5t among ! slavehold]s ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,! treaty 0 d5\nc$ by ! public ,press1 & a /rong ef=t 0 made to defeat its approval by ! ,s5ate4 ,b fail+ 9 t1 ! slave p[] 0 ralli$ 9 opposition to mak+ any appropriation1 by ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 = c>ry+ ! treaty into effect1 & p]haps at no "t s9ce ! ,union 0 =m$1 has x be5 9 great] dang] ( disruption2 b ! fri5ds ( ! treaty prevail$ 9 bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress1 & x became a p>am\nt law ( ! nation4 ,:ile ^? incid5ts 7 transpir+1 ! ,exiles 7 engag$ 9 cultivat+ _! l&s1 ext5d+ _! plantations & increas+ _! flocks & h]ds1 & consolidat+ _! fri5d%ips ) ! ,indians ar\nd !m4 ,( all ^! facts ! bondm5 ( ,georgia _h full k4 ,x 7 impossible = !m to contemplate _! fri5ds1 9 ! enjoym5t ( ^! rights & privileges1 )\t a /rong desire to %>e 9 ^? bless+s ( fre$om4 ,! example ( ! ,exiles 0 ?us con/antly ex]t+ an influ5ce ^u ^? :o rema9$ 9 bondage4 ,_m ( !m s\ght opportunities to flee into ,florida1 :]e !y1 9 l mann]1 became free subjects ( ,spa94 ,sid5ote3 #agif4 ,?is condition ( ?+s induc$ ,g5]al ,wa%+ton to make ano!r ef=t to rem$y exi/+ evils1 & prev5t _! recurr5ce 9 future4 ,he took measures to obta9 ! att5dance ( ! ,*iefs1 head m5 & w>riors ( ! ,creek nation1 at a place call$ ,col]a91 = ! purpose ( =m+ ano!r treaty4 ,he aga9 appo9t$ ,b5jam9 ,hawk9s1 ,george ,clym] & ,&rew ,pick5s1 ,commission]s1 to meet ! ,indians 9 ,c\ncil1 & agree ^u ! prop] adju/m5t ( p5d+ difficulties4 ,^! m5 7 int]e/$ 9 ! in/itution ( ,slav]y1 & 7 suppos$ to be p]fectly acceptable to ! claimants1 z well z to ! au?orities ( ,georgia4 ,! p>ties met at ! place appo9t$1 & proce$$ to ! consid]ation ( ! propos$ treaty4 ,! ,creeks 7 n dispos$ to make fur!r grants ( t]ritory2 nor 7 !y able to give any bett] assurance = ! return ( ! ,exiles ?an _h be5 giv5 at ,new ,york4 ,!y insi/$ t1 by ! treaty ( ,new ,york1 !y 7 only b\nd to return ^? negroes :o _h be5 captur$ s9ce ! treaty ( peace betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita92 ^! !y _h deliv]$ up1 s f> z !y 7 able to surr5d] !m4 ,!y admitt$ !re 7 m negroes among !m1 :om !y might probably obta9 at "s future day1 & express$ a will+ness to d s4 ,x is h[ev] evid5t1 f ! talk ( ! v>i\s ,*iefs1 t !y _h no idea ( return+ ^? ,exiles :o 7 resid+ 9 ,florida--no allusion be+ made to !m by ei!r ( ! ,commission]s1 on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 nor by ! ,indians4 ,! ,c\ncil 0 also att5d$ by ,commission]s on ! "p ( ,georgia1 :o attempt$ to dictate ! mann] ( transact+ ! bus9ess1 &1 ev5 9 (f5sive language1 *>g$ ! ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) improp] conduct2 b 9 no in/ance did !y "n ! ,sem9oles1 nor allude to any obligation1 on ! "p ( ! ,creeks1 to return ! ,exiles resid5t among ! ,sem9oles4 ,x %\ld h[ev] be borne 9 m9d1 t ^! ,commission]s on behalf ( ,georgia left ! c\ncil 9 disgu/1 be=e ! close ( ! negotiation4 ,9 ! treaty itself1 h[ev]1 !re is a /ipulation t ! treaty ( ,new ,york %all rema9 9 =ce1 except su* p>ts z 7 expressly *ang$ by t ent]$ into at ,col]a92 & t portion ( ! treaty ( ,new ,york by :i* ! ,creeks assum$ to b9d ! ,sem9oles1 0 n *ang$4#ai ,! sev5? article ( ! ,treaty ( ,col]a9 reads z foll[s3--,! ,creek nation %all deliv]1 z soon z practicable1 to ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,indian ,affairs1 at su* place z he may direct1 all ! citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :ite inhabitants & negroes1 :o are n[ prison]s 9 any "p ( ! said nation1 agreeably to ! treaty at ,new ,york2 & also all citiz5s1 :ite inhabitants1 negroes & prop]ty1 tak5 s9ce ! sign+ ( t treaty4 ,& if any su* prison]s1 negroes1 or prop]ty1 %\ld n be deliv]$ on or be=e ! fir/ day ( ,janu>y next1 ! ,gov]nor ( ,georgia may emp[] ?ree p]sons to repair to ! said nation1 9 ord] to claim & receive su* prison]s1 negroes & prop]ty1 "u ! direction ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is /ipulation 0 und]/ood by ! ,creeks1 & !y 7 will+ to p]=m x2 b x is v obvi\s1 f all ! circum/ances1 t !y _h no idea ( b9d+ ! ,sem9oles to return ! ,exiles resid5t 9 ,florida4 ,! ,/ate ( ,georgia obta9$ v little t]ritory by ?is treaty1 & no fur!r indemnity = ! loss ( _! fugitive bondm54 ,! p ( t ,/ate1 !re=e1 7 greatly dissatisfi$ ) x4 ,b ! extraord9>y feature ( ?is treaty1 consi/s 9 ! subsequ5t con/ruction plac$ ^u x by ! au?orities ( ,georgia1 :o1 tw5ty-five ye>s subsequ5tly1 insi/$ t ! ,sem9oles 7 9 fact a "p ( ! ,creek tribe1 b\nd by ! ,creek treaties1 & t ! ,creek nation 7 "u obligation to compel ! ,sem9oles to obs]ve treaties made by ! ,creeks4 ,9 ea* ( ! treaties made betwe5 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia & ! ,creeks1 z well z 9 t made at ,new ,york1 betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,creek nation1 attempts _h be5 made to b9d ! ,sem9oles1 al?\gh t tribe _h /eadily & uni=mly d5i$ ! au?ority ( ! ,creeks to b9d !m2 & be+ su/a9$ by ! ,spani% au?orities1 x became evid5t t all fur!r ef=ts to induce !m to submit to ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,creeks w\ld be useless4 ,?is indep5d5ce !y _h ma9ta9$ = ne>ly half a c5tury4 ,!y _h 9 no in/ance ackn[l$g$ ! au?ority ( ! ,creeks s9ce !y left ,georgia1 9 #agej2 nor is x reasonable to suppose ! au?orities ( t ,/ate1 or ^? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 7 ignorant ( t important circum/ance4 ,! flagrant inju/ice ( hold+ ! ,creeks responsible = fugitive slaves resid5t 9 ,florida1 & "u protection ( ! ,spani% cr[n1 mu/ be obvi\s to e read]2 & ! inquiry w at once arise4 ,:y did ! ,creek *iefs at ,new ,york cons5t to su* a /ipulation8 ,! answ] p]haps may be f\nd 9 ! secret article ( t treaty1 giv+ to ! ,creeks fifte5 hundr$ doll>s annually1 =ev]1 & to ,mc,gillivray twelve hundr$ doll>s dur+ life1 & to six o!r *iefs "o hundr$ doll>s annually4 ,^! direct & positive bribes c\ld n fail to h effect4 ,! necessity = keep+ ?is article secret f ! ,indians g5]ally1 & f ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 is v app>5t2 z ! propriety ( ?us tak+ money1 drawn f ! free ,/ates to bribe ,indian *iefs to obligate _! nation to seize & return fugitive slaves1 w\ld h be5 d\bt$ by savages z well z civiliz$ m54 ,b ! duty ( ! ,creeks to seize & return ! ,exiles 0 legally recogniz$ by ! treaty ( ,col]a91 :i* admitt$ ! treaty ( ,new ,york to be 9 =ce4 ,?is 0 reg>d$ z a cont9uance ( ! claims ( ,georgia1 al?\gh ! ,creeks appe> to h _h no idea ( ent]+ into su* /ipulations4 ,sid5ote3 #agig4 ,_m circum/ances n[ comb9$ to quiet ! appreh5sions ( ! fugitive bondm5 9 ,florida4 ,! eld] ,adams _h be5 elect$ ,presid5t 9 ! autumn ( #agif1 & assum$ ! duties ( 8 (fice on ! f\r? ( ,m>* foll[+4 ,a desc5dant ( ! ,pilgrims1 he _h be5 re>$ & educat$ among ! lov]s ( lib]ty2 he _h long s]v$ 9 ,congress2 he _h report$ ^u ! rights ( ! p ( ! ,colonies 9 #aggd1 & 0 *airman ( ! committee :o report$ ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 9 #aggf1 & to its doctr9es he _h ev] exhibit$ an unfalt]+ devotion4 ,f su* an ,adm9i/ration ! claimants 9 ,georgia c\ld expect b little aid4 ,ano!r consid]ation1 *e]+ to ! fri5ds ( ,fre$om1 0 ! total failure ( ! claims on ,great ,brita91 = slaves lo/ dur+ ! ,w> ( ! ,revolution4 ,! influ5ce ( ^? claimants 0 no long] felt 9 ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,! public indignation 0 also some:at excit$ aga9/ ! in/itution ( ,slav]y by incid5ts ( a b>b>\s "*1 :i* _h !n rec5tly transpir$ 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,aft] ! promulgation ( ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 ! ,quak]s ( t ,/ate1 consci\s ( its mom5t\s tru?s1 proce$$ 9 good fai? to emancipate _! slaves2 believ+ t ! only mode 9 :i* !y c\ld ev9ce _! adh]5ce to its doctr9es4 ,! advocates ( oppression 7 (f5d$ at ?is practical recognition ( ! equal "r ( all m5 to lib]ty1 &1 to manife/ _! abhorr5ce ( su* doctr9es1 arre/$ ! slaves s emancipat$ z fugitives f labor4 ,! ,quak]s1 ev] true to _! convictions ( ju/ice1 l5t _! influ5ce1 & contribut$ _! funds1 to te/ ! legal rights ( ! p]sons ?us set at lib]ty1 be=e ! prop] tribunals ( ! ,/ate2 & ! "q 0 c>ri$ to ! ,c\rt ( ,appeals1 :]e a f9al judgm5t 0 r5d]$ 9 favor ( _! fre$om4 ,?is decision appe>s to h disappo9t$ g5]al expectation among ! advocates ( slav]y1 & creat$ mu* excitem5t ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate4 ,at ! next session ( ! ,legislature1 an act 0 pass$ au?oriz+ p]sons possess+ l&$ prop]ty to seize & renslave ! p ?us emancipat$4 ,b ! plant]s ( t ,/ate 7 usually possess$ ( weal? & intellig5ce1 &1 hold+ pr9ciples ( honor1 !y refus$ to p]=m s degrad+ a s]vice2 & ! lib]at$ negroes cont9u$ to enjoy _! fre$om4 ,b ! oppon5ts ( lib]ty became s clamor\s aga9/ ! example ?us set 9 favor ( fre$om1 t ! ,legislature pass$ an am5datory act1 au?oriz+ any p]son to seize1 imprison & sell1 z slaves1 any negro :o _h be5 emancipat$ 9 said ,/ate1 except ^? :o _h s]v$ 9 ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates dur+ ! w> ( ! ,revolution4 ,p]sons ( desp]ate "*1 gambl]s1 slave-deal]s & horse ?ieves1 7 n[ au?oriz$ to gratify _! cupidity1 by seiz+ & sell+ p]sons :o _h = ye>s enjoy$ _! lib]ty2 & ! sc5es :i* foll[$1 7 9 no respect cr$itable to ! ,/ate1 to ! civilization or ,*ri/ianity ( ! age4 ,emancipat$ families 7 brok5 up & sep>at$ = ev]4 ,9 "s in/ances ! wife escap$1 :ile ! husb& 0 captur$4 ,p>5ts 7 seiz$1 & _! *ildr5 escap$4 ,bloodh\nds 7 employ$ to *ase d[n ^? :o fl$ to ! =e/s & swamps1 9 ord] to avoid m5 m cruel ?an bloodh\nds4 ,! ,quak]s1 s f> z able1 assi/$ ^! p]secut$ p to escape to o!r ,/ates4 ,"s left ,nor? ,c>ol9a on bo>d %ips2 o!rs fl$ nor? by l&2 & _m rea*$ ! free ,/ates1 :]e _! desc5dants yet live4 ,b ev5 our free ,/ates did n af=d a safe retreat f ! cruelty ( inexorable slave-cat*]s4 ,^? free p]sons 7 seiz$ 9 ,philadelphia1 &1 "u ! fugitive slave law ( #agic1 7 imprison$ 9 t city2 &1 :at excites /ill great] wond]1 7 deliv]$ up & c>ri$ back to bondage4#bj ,"s ( ^! p1 :ile 9 ,p5nsylvania1 s5t petitions to ,congress1 pray+ protection aga9/ su* b>b>ity2 & great excitem5t 0 ar\s$ among ,s\!rn memb]s by ! pres5tation ( su* petitions4 ,! ,quak]s ( t ,/ate1 & ( ,new ,j]sey1 also s5t petitions to ,congress1 pray+ t ^! p may be protect$ aga9/ su* piratical p]secution4 ,! popul> feel+ ( ! nation 0 %ock$ at ^! ?+s1 & great indignation aga9/ ! in/itution1 g5]ally1 0 ar\s$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we h no record ( fur!r attempts on ! "p ( ! claimants to obta9 a return ( ! ,exiles1 aft] ! ,treaty ( ,col]a91 until ! close ( ,mr4 ,adams's adm9i/ration4 ,dur+ t p]iod1 ! fugitives rema9$ quietly 9 _! homes1 undi/urb$ by _! =m] ma/]s4 ,_! numb]s 7 (t5 increas$ by new arrivals1 z well z by ! natural laws ( population1 & !y began to assume ! appe>ance ( an e/abli%$ community4 ,9 #ahja1 ,mr4 ,jeff]son ent]$ ^u ! duties ( ,presid5t4 ,he _h himself p5n$ ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 & manife/$ a deep devotion to its doctr9es4 ,nor d we f9d t any attempt 0 made by him = ! return ( ! ,exiles2 nor 7 !re any measures adopt$ to obta9 indemnity = ! loss ( ! claimants dur+ ! eight ye>s ( 8 ,adm9i/ration4 ,9 #ahjb1 a new law regulat+ int]c\rse ) ! ,indian tribes 0 enact$1 by :i* ! hold]s ( slaves 7 secur$ = ! price or value ( any bondm5 :o %\ld leave 8 ma/] & take up 8 resid5ce ) any ,indian tribe resid5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or ,t]ritories !re(--at lea/ su* 0 ! con/ruction giv5 to ?is /atute4 ,! ,creeks1 ,*]okees1 & o!r ,s\!rn tribes1 _h gradually adopt$ ! in/itution ( ,slav]y1 s long practic$ by _! m civiliz$ neighbors1 & ?us became int]e/$ 9 e ef=t to ext+ui% ! hope *]i%$ among _! own bondm51 ( rega9+ fre$om by flee+ f _! ma/]s4 ,& _m circum/ances n[ appe>$ to favor ! idea1 t no m attempts w\ld be made to compel a return ( ! ,exiles to bondage4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,ho/ilities ,,ma9ta9$ ,,by ,,georgia4 ,mr4 ,madison's election--,8 "*--,desire ( p ( ,georgia to enslave ,exiles--,!y dem& annexation ( ,florida--,congress passes a law = tak+ possession ( t ,t]ritory--,g5]al ,ma!ws appo9t$ ,commission]--,decl>es insurrection--,takes possession ( ,amelia ,isl&--,spani% ,gov]nm5t dem&s explanation--,! ,presid5t disav[s acts ( ,ma!ws--,gov]nor ,mit*ell succe$s ,ma!ws--,georgia raises an ,army--,florida ,invad$--,troops surr\nd$ by savage foes--,_! dang]--,_! retreat--,/eal+ ,slaves--,l[] ,creeks jo9 ,sem9oles--,georgia dem&s _! surr5d]--,*iefs refuse--,georgia compla9s--,presid5t refuses to ,int]f]e--,ano!r ,invasion ( ,florida--,t[ns burn$2 ,cattle /ol5--,troops )drawn f ,amelia ,isl&--,public att5tion direct$ t[>d our ,nor!rn fronti]--,"l ,cockrane ent]s ,*esapeake ,bay--,issues ,proclamation to ,slaves--,dismay ( ,slavehold]s--,slaves g on bo>d ,briti% %ips--,sev]al vessels ent] ,appala*icola ,bay--,col4 ,ni*ols l&s !re ) ,troops--,ga!rs ar\nd him ,exiles & ,indians--,builds a ,=t1 arms x1 & places ,milit>y ,/ores 9 ,its ,magaz9es--,treaty ( ,peace ) ,engl&--,provision 9 reg>d to ,slaves tak5 away dur+ ,w>--,claimants ( ! ,exiles enc\rag$--,col ,ni*ols deliv]s ,=t to ! ,exiles--,_! plantations1 weal?1 & social condition--,our ,army--,g5]al ,ga9es repres5ts ,=t z 9 possession ( ,outlaws--,plans = its de/ruction--,correspond5ce--,g5]al ,jackson's ord]--,col4 ,cl9*'s ,exp$ition--,met by ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis & two gun-boats--,=t bl[n up--,de/ruction ( human life--,negroes captur$ & enslav$--,prop]ty tak5--,claim$ by ,gov]nor ( ,florida--,fir/ ,sem9ole ,w> comm5c$4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,madison assum$ ! duties ( ,presid5t 7,m>* #d1 #ahji71 ! ,exiles 7 quietly enjoy+ _! fre$om2 ea* sitt+ "u 8 own v9e & fig-tree1 )\t mole/ation or fe>4 ,_m _h be5 born 9 ! ,sem9ole c\ntry1 & n[ saw ar\nd !m *ildr5 & gr&-*ildr51 9 ! enjoym5t ( all ! necess>ies ( life4 ,_m1 ev5 ( ^? :o fl$ f ,georgia aft] ! =mation ( t colony1 _h dep>t$ to _! f9al re/2 b _! *ildr5 & fri5ds _h be5 comp>atively free f p]secutions s9ce ! ,treaty ( ,col]a91 9 #agif4 ,disc>d+ all connection ) ! ,creeks1 & liv+ "u protection ( ,spa91 & feel+ _! "r to lib]ty 0 self-evid5t1 !y believ$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates to h tacitly admitt$ _! claims to fre$om4 ,) ^! impressions1 !y dwelt 9 consci\s security1 believ+ no fur!r attempts w\ld be made to renslave !m4 ,mr4 ,madison _h p5n$ ! memorable ,address ( ,congress to ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 publi%$ ne> ! close ( ! old ,conf$]ation1 9 :i* 0 reit]at$1 9 gl[+ language1 ! doctr9es ( ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce2 & 9 ! ,conv5tion t fram$ ! ,con/itution1 he _h decl>$ x w\ld be wrong to admit1 9 t in/rum5t1 t man c hold prop]ty 9 man4 ,sid5ote3 #ahaj4 ,! p ( ,georgia 7 n satisfi$ ) ! exi/+ /ate ( ?+s4 ,!y 7 greatly excit$ at see+ ^? :o _h once be5 slaves1 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a & 9 ,georgia1 n[ live quietly & happily 9 ! enjoym5t ( lib]ty1 ) _! flocks & _! h]ds1 _! wives & _! little ones1 ar\nd !m2 b !y 7 on ,spani% soil1 protect$ by ,spani% laws4 ,! only mode ( enslav+ !m 01 fir/ly1 to obta9 jurisdiction ( ! ,t]ritory2 & ! annexation ( ,florida to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 01 accord+ly1 urg$ ^u ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,sid5ote3 #ahaa4 ,spa9 _h acquir$ h] ,am]ican t]ritories by conque/1 & 0 too pr\d to "p ) !m4 ,an excitem5t1 h[ev]1 0 rais$ 9 favor ( its annexation2 & ?is anxiety to secure ! slave int]e/s ( ! ,s\?1 soon ext5d$ to ,congress1 & infus$ itself into ! ,executive policy ( ! nation4 ,a law 0 pass$ by ! two ,h\ses1 9 secret session1 & approv$ by ! ,presid5t1 = tak+ possession ( ,florida4 ,g54 ,ma!ws1 a slavehold] ( ,georgia1 0 appo9t$ ,commission] = t purpose4 ,a few malcont5ts 7 f\nd 9 ! nor!a/]n "p ( ! ,t]ritory2 _! numb]s 7 increas$ by m5 ( desp]ate =tunes f ,georgia2 & an insurrection 0 proclaim$ by ! ,act+ ,g5]al4 ,ma!ws1 comm&+ ! insurg5ts1 took possession ( ,amelia ,isl&1 & ( ! c\ntry opposite to x on ! ma9 l&4 ,! ,spani% ,gov]nm5t1 on le>n+ ! outrage1 remon/rat$ ) our ,executive1 :o disav[$ ! acts ( ,ma!ws1 :om he recall$2 & proce$$ to appo9t ,g5]al ,mit*ell1 ! ,gov]nor ( ,georgia1 to act z ,commission]1 9 place ( ,ma!ws4 ,mit*ell1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to hold milit>y possession ( ! isl& & "p ( ! ma9 l&1 &1 9 fact1 cont9u$ to c>ry =w>d ! policy :i* ,ma!ws _h inaugurat$4 ,^! ?+s occurr$ :ile our nation 0 pr(ess$ly at peace ) ,spa91 & con/itut$ a mo/ flagrant violation ( our national fai?4 ,sid5ote3 #ahab4 ,! ,executive ( ,georgia1 app>5tly ent]ta9+ ! idea t 8 ,/ate 0 compet5t to decl>e w> & make peace1 rais$ an army1 :i*1 "u ! comm& ( ! ,adjutant ,g5]al1 ent]$ ,florida ) ! av[$ int5tion ( ext]m9at+ ! ,sem9oles1 :o _h s long refus$ to surr5d] ! ,exiles2 :ile ! real object 0 ! recapture & renslavem5t ( ! refugees4 ,! ,creeks ( ! ,l[] ,t[ns1 h[ev]1 took sides ) ! ,sem9oles1 9 oppos+ ?is piratical =ay ( slave-cat*]s4 ,! army hav+ p5etrat$ a hundr$ miles or m into ,florida1 f\nd itself surr\nd$ ) ho/ile savages4 ,_! supplies 7 cut (f2 ! m51 r$uc$ almo/ to a /ate ( />vation1 7 compell$ to retrace _! /eps2 & ) great loss ! survivors rea*$ ,georgia4 ,b !y robb$ ^? ,spani% inhabitants :o fell 9 _! way ( all _! provisions1 & left !m to suff] = ! want ( food4 ,nor 7 ! ,georgians satisfi$ ) tak+ su* provisions z 7 necess>y to support life2 !y also took ) !m a l>ge numb] ( slaves1 own$ by ,spani% ma/]s1 ) :om !y resid$4#ba ,! p1 & ! au?orities ( ,georgia1 7 greatly inc5s$ at ! ,creek ,indians1 :o _h assi/$ ! ,sem9oles 9 def5d+ !mselves2 & ! ,gov]nor ( t ,/ate dem&$ ( ! *iefs a surr5d] ( ^? individuals :o _h ?us (f5d$ aga9/ ! sov]eignty ( t commonweal?4 ,! *iefs refus$ to deliv] up _! bre?r51 & ! ,gov]nor compla9$ to ! ,presid5t ( ?is disreg>d ( slavehold+ comity by ! ,creeks4 ,! ,f$]al au?orities appe> to h felt v little int]e/ 9 ! matt]1 & ,georgia det]m9$ to r$ress h] own grievances4 ,! ,legislature ( t ,/ate1 deem+ _! int]e/s neglect$ by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 pass$ resolutions decl>+ ! occupation ( ,florida ess5tial to ! safety & welf>e ( _! p1 :e!r ,congress au?oriz$ x or n2 & !y pass$ an act = rais+ a =ce to r$uce ,/4 ,augu/9e & puni% ! ,indians4 ,"u ?is decl>ation ( w> by ! sov]eign p[] ( ,georgia1 ano!r army 0 rais$4 ,hunt]s1 trapp]s1 vagabonds1 & m5 ( desp]ate =tunes1 7 collect$ f t ,/ate1 f ,ea/ ,t5nessee1 & f o!r ,s\!rn ,/ates1 to ! numb] ( five hundr$2 & ,florida 0 aga9 invad$4 ,?is exp$ition 0 m successful1 9 "s respects1 ?an ! fir/4 ,!y burn$ two or ?ree ( ! small] ,sem9ole t[ns1 de/roy$ sev]al cornfields t _h be5 plant$ by ! ,exiles1 & drove back to ,georgia l>ge h]ds ( cattle1 :i* !y _h /ol5 f ! negroes2 yet ! pr9cipal object ( ! ,exp$ition fail$3 ,!y 7 unable to capture an individual1 or family1 ( ! ,exiles4 ,!re 7 no ,spani% inhabitants 9 t "p ( ,florida f :om !y c\ld capture slaves1 & !y 7 compell$ to return )\t human victims1 b ) ! loss ( sev]al individuals ( _! own p>ty4 ,?us1 aft] a /ruggle ( m ?an two ye>s 7end+ ,may1 #ahac71 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia f\nd itself unable to conqu] ,florida or ! ,sem9oles1 or to capture ! ,exiles4 ,fur!r prosecution ( ! w> 0 giv5 up1 ! troops 7 )drawn f ,amelia ,isl&1 & peace 0 re/or$4 ,?is extraord9>y proce$+1 on ! "p ( ,georgia1 appe>s to h excit$ v little att5tion at ! "t2 probably 9 consequ5ce ( ! m important op]ations t 7 !n be+ c>ri$ =w>d1 ^u our ,nor!rn & ,nor?we/]n fronti]s4 ,h>rison at ,tippecanoe1 & at ,maumee2 & ,scott & ,van ,r5ssela] at ,que5/on1 & along ! ,niag>a fronti]1 7 gallantly confront+ ! ,briti% army1 aid$ by p[]ful allies f ! v>i\s neighbor+ tribes ( savages2 & s greatly 0 ! att5tion ( ! p ( ! ,nor!rn ,/ates absorb$ 9 ^! op]ations1 t !y 7 sc>cely consci\s ( ! slave-cat*+ =ays c>ri$ on by ! ,/ate ( ,georgia4 ,inde$1 dur+ ^! op]ations1 ! public m5 ( t ,/ate 7 among ! mo/ vehem5t advocates = a /rict con/ruction ( ! ,f$]al ,con/itution1 & = ma9ta9+ ! ,am]ican ,union4 ,sid5ote3 #ahad4 ,^! transactions ^u our ,s\!rn fronti]1 call$ att5tion ( ,briti% ,m9i/]s to ! ,sem9oles & ! ,exiles4 ,a ho/ile fleet ent]$ ,*esapeake ,bay1 "u ,"l ,co*rane1 :o issu$ a proclamation invit+ all p]sons 7mean+ slaves71 :o desir$ to emigrate f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 to come ) _! families on bo>d 8 ,britannic ,maje/y's %ips ( w>2 assur+ !m ( ! privilege ( ent]+ 8 ,maje/y's naval s]vice1 or ( settl+ ) _! families1 z free p]sons1 9 ei!r ( ! ,briti% ,we/ ,india ,isl&s4 ,?is proclamation 0 widely circulat$1 & spread v g5]al con/]nation along our ,s\!rn seabo>d3 x gave ! slavehold]s ( ,georgia occasion to look to _! own protection1 & to secure ! fidelity ( ^? bondm5 :o yet rema9$ 9 ! s]vice ( _! ma/]s4#bb ,illu/ration3 ,goph] ,john1 ,sem9ole ,int]pret]4 ,two ,briti% sloops ( w> & "s small] vessels sudd5ly appe>$ 9 ,appala*icola ,bay1 :]e !y l&$ a body ( troops1 "u ,lieut4 ,colonel ,ni*ols1 ( ! ,briti% ,army1 = ! purpose ( l5d+ support & protection to ! ,exiles & _! ,indian allies4 ,he op5$ communications ) !m1 furni%$ !m ) arms & ammunition1 & soon drew ar\nd him a consid]able =ce ( ,indians z well z negroes4 ,8 encampm5t 0 on ! ea/ side ( ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 "s ?irty miles above its m\?4 ,9 ,novemb]1 he complet$ a /rong =t on ! bank ( t /ream4 ,"s eight pieces ( heavy ordnance 7 m\nt$ ^u its walls1 & its magaz9e 0 well /or$ ) ! mat]ial ( w>4#bc ,x 0 evid5tly int5d$ z a def5se aga9/ ! =ays ( slave-cat*]s1 :o 7 n expect$ to br+ ) !m heavy artill]y4 ,! plan 0 well conceiv$4 ,ev5 ! plund]+ exp$itions au?oriz$ by ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 w\ld h be5 unable to make any impression on ?is =tification4 ,b nei!r ,ni*ols1 nor ! ,exiles1 appe> to h anticipat$ ! employm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates navy 9 a piratical "w1 disc>d$ by mo/ ,*ri/ian nations & p1 & all[$ to be c>ri$ on only ^u ! ,african coa/4 ,! ,briti% fleet )drew f ! coa/ ( ,georgia1 & ! slavehold]s ( t ,/ate 7 reliev$1 = a "t1 f ^? appreh5sions ( slave insurrection :i* _h be5 excit$ by ! proclamation ( ,"l ,co*rane4 ,9 ! meantime ! ,treaty ( ,gh5t 0 ratifi$1 & peace re/or$ to ! c\ntry4 ,9 t treaty ! int]e/s ( ,slav]y _h n be5 =gott52 & ! same /ipulations 7 ins]t$1 9 reg>d to ! )drawal ( 8 ,maje/y's troops & navy1 )\t tak+ or c>ry+ away any negroes or o!r prop]ty ( ! citiz5s1 :i* *>act]iz$ ! treaty ( #aghb4 ,! own]s ( slaves :o _h fl$ f s]vice "u ! proclamation ( ,"l ,co*rane1 n[ det]m9$ to obta9 comp5sation = _! loss4 ,?is g5]al feel+ aga9 ar\s$ ! cupidity ( ^? ^: fa!rs _h once claim$ to own ^? ,exiles1 :o fl$ f ,georgia "s ?irty or =ty ye>s previ\sly4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahae1 ,colonel ,ni*ols & 8 troops )drew f ,florida1 leav+ ! =t1 ) its entire armam5t & magaz9e ( milit>y /ores1 9 ! possession ( ! ,exiles1 :o resid$ 9 ! vic9ity4 ,_! plantations ext5d$ along ! riv] sev]al miles1 above & bel[ ! =t4#bd ,_m ( !m possess$ l>ge h]ds ( cattle & horses1 :i* roam$ 9 ! =e/s1 ga!r+ _! food1 bo? 9 summ] & w9t]1 )\t exp5se or tr\ble to _! own]s4 ,! ,pione] ,exiles f ,s\? ,c>ol9a _h settl$ "h long be=e ! ,colony ( ,georgia exi/$4 ,sev]al g5]ations _h liv$ to manhood & di$ 9 ^? =e/-homes4 ,to _! desc5dants x _h become consecrat$ by _m an (t told tale ( e>ly adv5ture1 ( h>d%ip & suff]+2 ! recollection ( :i* _h be5 reta9$ 9 tradition1 told 9 /ory1 & sung 9 _! rude lays4 ,"h 7 ! graves ( _! ance/ors1 ar\nd ^: memories 7 clu/]$ ! fonde/ recollections ( ! human m9d4 ,! climate 0 g5ial4 ,!y 7 surr\nd$ by ext5sive =e/s1 & f> remov$ f ! habitations ( ^? enemies ( fre$om :o s\ght to enslave !m2 & !y reg>d$ !mselves z secure 9 ! enjoym5t ( lib]ty4 ,%ut out f ! c>es & /rifes ( m civiliz$ m51 !y 7 happy 9 _! own social solitude4 ,s f> f seek+ to injure ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !y 7 only anxi\s to be exempt1 & entirely free f all contact ) our population or ,gov]nm5t2 :ile !y fai?fully ma9ta9$ _! allegiance to ! ,spani% cr[n4 ,sid5ote3 #ahae4 ,peace ) ,great ,brita91 h[ev]1 _h left our army )\t active employm5t4 ,a portion ( x 0 /ation$ along our ,s\!rn fronti] ( ,georgia1 to ma9ta9 peace ) ! ,indians4 ,! au?orities & p ( ,georgia ma9ta9$ social & fri5dly relations ) ! (fic]s & m5 ( ! army4 ,by means ( ,indian spies1 ! real condition ( ! ,exiles 0 also asc]ta9$ & well und]/ood4 ,:at means 7 us$ to excite ! feel+s or prejudices ( ! milit>y (fic]s aga9/ ^! un(f5d+ ,exiles1 is n kn[n at ?is day4 ,mo/ ( ! (fic]s comm&+ 9 ! ,s\? 71 h[ev]1 slavehold]s1 & probably felt a /rong sympa?y ) ! p ( ,georgia 9 _! indignation aga9/ !m1 = obta9+ & enjoy+ lib]ty )\t p]mission ( _! ma/]s4 ,g5]al ,ga9es1 comm&+ on ! ,s\!rn fronti] ( ,georgia1 mak+ ,=t ,scott 8 head-qu>t]s1 wrote ! ,secret>y ( ,w> 7,may #ad71 say+1 c]ta9 negroes & outlaws h tak5 possession ( a =t on ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 9 ! ,t]ritory ( ,florida4 ,he assur$ ! ,secret>y1 t he %\ld keep wat* ( !m4 ,he *>g$ !m ) no crime1 imput$ to !m no ho/ile acts4 ,he 0 consci\s t !y _h tak5 possession ( ! =t solely = _! own protection2 b he /yl$ !m negroes1 :i*1 9 ! language ( t day among slavehold]s1 0 reg>d$ z an imputation ( guilt2 & outlaw 0 suppos$ to be a prop] t]m ) :i* to *>act]ize ^? :o _h fl$ f bondage & sworn allegiance to ano!r gov]nm5t4#be ,= m ?an a ye> subsequ5tly to ! date ( ?is lett]1 ,g5]al ,ga9es made ! ,exiles a subject ( frequ5t communication to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,9 ?is (ficial correspond5ce1 he at all times spoke ( !m z runaways1 outlaws1 pirates1 murd]]s1 etc42 b 9 no in/ance did he *>ge !m ) any act ho/ile to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or to any o!r p or gov]nm5t4 ,( ^! communications ! ,exiles 7 ignorant4 ,!y cont9u$ 9 peaceful retirem5t1 cultivat+ ! e>?1 & ga9+ a support = !mselves & families4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahae1 !y ga!r$ _! crops1 provid$ = ! support ( ! ag$ & infirm1 z well z = _! *ildr54 ,!y c>efully nurs$ ! sick2 !y buri$ _! dead2 !y liv$ 9 peace1 & enjoy$ ! fruits ( _! labor4 ,! foll[+ spr+ & summ] f\nd !m 9 ?is enviable condition4 ,sid5ote3 #ahaf4 ,:ile ! ,exiles liv+ on ! ,appala*icola 7 ?us pursu+ ! ev5 t5or ( _! ways1 plans 7 rip5+ among ! slavehold]s & milit>y (fic]s ( our army = _! de/ruction4 ,a correspond5ce 0 op5$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w> ) ,g5]al ,jackson1 :o comm&$ ! ,s\?we/]n ,milit>y ,di/rict ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 hold+ 8 head-qu>t]s at ,na%ville1 ,t5nessee4 ,v>i\s lett]s & communications pass$ betwe5 ^? (fic]s 9 reg>d to ?is ,negro ,=t1 z !y call$ x4 ,p[] is nev] m dang]\s ?an :5 wield$ by milit>y m54 ,!y usually feel ambiti\s to display _! own pr[ess1 & t ( ! troops "u _! comm&2 & no p]son c read ! communications ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 9 reg>d to ! ,exiles :o _h ga!r$ 9 & ar\nd ?is =t1 )\t feel+ consci\s t he greatly desir$ to give to ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates an example ( ! sci5ce & p[] by :i* !y c\ld de/roy human life4#bf ,at l5g?1 on ! sixte5? ( ,may1 ,g5]al ,jackson wrote ,g5]al ,ga9es1 say+1 ,i h little d\bt ( ! fact1 t ?is =t has be5 e/abli%$ by "s villa9s = ! purpose ( rap9e & plund]1 & t x ought to be bl[n up1 reg>dless ( ! gr\nd on :i* x /&s2 & if y\r m9d %all h =m$ ! same conclusion1 de/roy x & return ! /ol5 negroes & prop]ty to _! rightful own]s4#bg ,)\t attempt+ to criticise ?is ord] ( ,g5]al ,jackson1 we mu/ reg>d a =t ?us situat$1 at lea/ sixty miles f ! bord] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z a mo/ s+ul> in/rum5t = ! purpose ( rap9e1 or plund]+ our citiz5s4 ,nor c\ld ,g5]al ,jackson h ent]ta9$ any appreh5sions f ^? :o occupi$ ! =t4 ,! entire correspond5ce %[$ !m to be refugees1 seek+ only to avoid our p2 inde$1 8 v ord] %[s ?is1 = he directs ,g5]al ,ga9es to return ! /ol5 negroes to _! rightful own]s4 ,! use ( opprobri\s epi!ts is n (t5 resort$ to by m5 9 high (ficial /ations3 yet x is difficult to believe1 t ,g5]al ,jackson suppos$ ^! negroes to h be5 /ol52 =1 nei!r 9 ! (ficial correspond5ce on ?is subject1 nor 9 ! pap]s accompany+ x1 embrac+ m ?an a hundr$ docum5t>y pages1 is !re a h9t t ^! negroes 7 /ol51 or t !y _h committ$ viol5ce ^u any p]son1 or ^u ! prop]ty ( any p]son :atev]4 ,!y _h s\ght _! own lib]ty1 & ! *>ge ( /eal+ !mselves1 0 us$ l ! o!r epi!ts ( outlaws1 pirates & murd]]s1 to ca/ opprobrium ^u ! "* ( m5 :o1 if judg$ by _! love ( lib]ty or _! patriotism1 w\ld n[ occupy a position n less honorable 9 ! hi/ory ( our c\ntry ?an is assign$ to ! patriots ( #aggf4 ,nor is x easy to discov] ! rule ( int]national law1 :i* au?oriz$ ! ,executive ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or ! (fic]s ( our army1 to dictate to ! cr[n ( ,spa9 9 :at "p ( 8 t]ritory he %\ld1 or %\ld n1 erect =tresses2 or ! con/itutional p[] :i* !y held = invad+ ! t]ritory ( a nation at peace ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 de/roy a =t1 & consign its occupants to slav]y4 ,b ^? 7 days ( (ficial arrogance on ! "o h&1 & popul> submission on ! o!r4 ,! ,exiles1 or _! ance/ors1 _h once be5 slaves4 ,!y n[ 7 cultivat+ ! ri*e/ l&s 9 ,florida1 & possess$ weal?2 !y 7 occupy+ a /rong =tress4 ,_m slaves dur+ ! rec5t w> _h escap$ f _! ma/]s1 9 ,georgia1 & "s 7 suppos$ to be free subjects ( ,spa91 liv+ 9 ,florida2 & if ! ,exiles 7 p]mitt$ to enjoy _! plantations & prop]ty 9 peace1 x 0 evid5t t ! in/itution 9 adjo9+ ,/ates w\ld be 9 dang] ( a total ov]?r[4 ,^! facts 7 app>5t to ,g5]al ,jackson1 z well z to ,g5]al ,ga9es & ! slavehold]s ( ,georgia4 ,g5]al ,ga9es only await$ p]mission f 8 sup]ior to c>ry out ! designs ( ! slavehold]s1 :o _h become al>m$ at ! dang]s to :i* _! peculi> in/itution 0 subject$4 ,^u ! receipt ( ! ord] above quot$1 he detail$ ,lieut4 ,col4 ,cl9*1#bh ( ! regul> troops1 ) 8 regim5t & five hundr$ fri5dly ,creek ,indians1 "u ,mc,intosh1 _! pr9cipal *ief1 to c>ry out ! directions ( ,g5]al ,jackson4 ,colonel ,cl9* 0 direct$ to take ) him two pieces ( artill]y1 = ! purpose ( cannonad+ ! =t if necess>y4#bi ,?is comm5cem5t ( ! fir/ ,sem9ole w> 01 at ! "t1 unkn[n to ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 und]tak5 = ! purposes /at$ 9 ,g5]al ,jackson's ord]1 to bl[ up ! =t1 & return ! negroes to _! rightful own]s4 ,hi/orians h fail$ to expose ! cause ( ho/ilities1 or ! b>b>\s =ay :i* plung$ ! nation into t bloody conte/ :i* co/ ! p millions ( treasure & ! sacrifice ( hundr$s ( human lives4 ,x 0 ,july be=e ! arrangem5ts 7 fully made by ,colonel ,cl9* & 8 savage allies = desc5d+ ! riv]1 ) suitable artill]y & supplies1 to accompli% ! object ( _! mission4#cj ,! ,creeks1 hav+ ent]$ into ! treaties ( ,new ,york & ,col]a91 by :i* !y b\nd !mselves1 tw5ty ye>s previ\sly1 to return ^? ,exiles :o fl$ f ,georgia1 & hav+ fail$ to p]=m ^? /ipulations1 n[ *e]fully unit$ ) ! ,am]ican army 9 ?is fir/ slave-cat*+ exp$ition und]tak5 by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,( ^! movem5ts ! ,exiles _h be5 in=m$ by _! neighbors1 ! fri5dly ,creeks2 =1 among ! ,l[] ,creeks1 7 individuals :o at all times sympa?iz$ ) !m1 & kept !m in=m$ ( ! measures adopt$ = _! de/ruction4 ,all ! families liv+ on ! riv] & 9 ! vic9ity ( ! =t1 fl$ to x = protection4 ,!y _h no idea ( ! advantages aris+ f sci5tific w>f>e2 !y believ$ _! =tification impregnable4 ,colonel ,ni*ols _h erect$ x = ! purpose ( af=d+ !m protection1 & !y _h no d\bt ( its effici5cy = t purpose4 ,su* 7 ! delays att5d+ ! j\rney1 9 consequ5ce ( difficulties 9 transport+ heavy guns & provisions1 t ! troops did n rea* ! vic9ity ( ! =t until ! tw5ty-f\r? ( ,july4 ,9 ! meantime1 ,commodore ,patt]son1 9 pursuance ( ord]s f ! naval dep>tm5t1 _h detail$ ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis1 ) two gun-boats1 to assi/ 9 c>ry+ out ! ord] ( ,g5]al ,jackson4#ca ,on ! tw5ty-f\r? ( ,july1 ,colonel ,cl9* comm5c$ a reconnoisance ( ! =t4 ,on ! tw5ty-fif?1 he cle>$ away ! bru% & erect$ a batt]y1 & plac$ ^u x two long eighte5-p\nd]s1 & comm5c$ a cannonade ( ! =tress4 ,at ! "t ( ?is inve/m5t1 !re 7 ab\t ?ree hundr$ ,exiles 9 ! =t1 includ+ wom5 & *ildr51 besides ?irty-f\r ,sem9ole ,indians3#cb yet 9 ! (ficial report ( ,colonel ,cl9*1 he makes no m5tion ( 8 fire be+ return$2 nor does he say t any ( 8 m5 7 kill$ or w\nd$ by ! occupants ( ! =t4 ,on ! tw5ty-six? ( ,july1 ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis1 ) 8 comm&1 rea*$ a po9t on ! riv] "s two miles bel[ ! =t4 ,colonel ,cl9* met him at t place1 = consultation1 & in=m$ him t 8 fire _h ?us f> prov$ ineffectual1 & t a ne>] approa* ( artill]y by l& w\ld be difficult4#cc ,judg+ f ! language us$ 9 8 (ficial dispat*1 ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis mu/ h ent]ta9$ "s feel+s ( di/ru/ t[>ds ,colonel ,cl9*1 z !y evid5tly sep>at$ 9 bad temp]3 yet no (fic] 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ev] exhibit$ great] prud5ce 9 8 prep>ations1 or m firmness 9 battle1 ?an ,colonel ,cl9*4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 a man ( k9d & humane feel+s1 & high notions ( honor4 ,x has be5 suppos$ by _m ( 8 fri5ds1 t he %rank f ! p]petration ( ! outrage :i* he _h be5 detail$ to commit4#cd ,on ! morn+ ( ! tw5ty-sev5?1 ,loomis1 ) 8 boats1 asc5d$ ! riv] & ca/ an*or opposite ! =t1 :ile ,colonel ,cl9* & ! ,creek ,indians took positions s z to cut (f retreat by l&4 ,! cannonade 0 resum$1 & ! l& & naval =ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 engag$ 9 ?r[+ %ot & %ells = ! purpose ( murd]+ ^? fri5dless ,exiles1 ^? wom5 & *ildr51 :o _h committ$ no o!r (f5se ?an t ( hav+ be5 born ( p>5ts :o1 a c5tury previ\sly1 _h be5 held 9 bondage4 ,mo!rs & *ildr5 n[ %riek$ ) t]ror z ! ro> ( cannon1 ! :i/l+ ( balls1 ! explosion ( %ells1 ! w>-:oops ( ! savages1 ! groans ( ! w\nd$ & dy+1 =etold ! sad fate :i* await$ !m4 ,! /\t-he>t$ old m5 *e]$ & enc\rag$ _! fri5ds1 decl>+ t dea? 0 to be pref]r$ to slav]y4 ,! /ruggle1 h[ev]1 0 n protract$4 ,! cannon balls n tak+ effect ^u ! embankm5ts ( e>?1 !y prep>$ _! furnaces & comm5c$ ! fire ( hot %ot1 direct$ at ! pr9cipal magaz9e4 ,?is mode prov$ m successful4 ,a ball1 fully heat$1 rea*$ ! p[d] 9 ! magaz9e4 ,! small size ( ! =t1 & ! great numb] ( p 9 x1 r5d]$ ! explosion unusually fatal4 ,_m 7 entirely buri$ 9 ! ru9s1 o!rs 7 kill$ by fall+ timb]s1 :ile _m bodies 7 torn 9 pieces4 ,limbs 7 sep>at$ f bodies to :i* !y _h be5 atta*$1 & dea?1 9 all its horrid =ms1 0 visible )9 t doom$ =tress4#ce ,( ?ree hundr$ & ?irty-f\r s\ls )9 ! =t1 two hundr$ & sev5ty 7 in/antly kill$2 :ile ( ! sixty :o rema9$1 only ?ree escap$ )\t injury4#cf ,two ( ! survivors--"o negro & "o ,indian--7 select$ z suppos$ *iefs ( ! alli$ =ces )9 ! =t4 ,!y 7 deliv]$ ov] to ! ,indians :o accompani$ ,colonel ,cl9*1 & 7 massacr$ )9 ! =t1 9 ! pres5ce ( our troops2#cg b no report on record %[s ! ext5t ( torture to :i* !y 7 subject$4 ,we h no reliable in=mation z to ! numb] :o di$ ( _! w\nds4 ,!y 7 plac$ on bo>d ! gun-boats1 & _! w\nds 7 dress$ by ! surgeons2 & ^? :o recov]$ 7 aft]w>ds deliv]$ ov] to claimants 9 ,georgia4 ,^? :o 7 slightly w\nd$1 b able to travel1 7 tak5 back ) ,colonel ,cl9* to ,georgia & deliv]$ ov] to m5 :o claim$ to h desc5d$ f plant]s :o1 "s ?ree or f\r g5]ations previ\sly1 own$ ! ance/ors ( ! prison]s4 ,!re c\ld be no pro( ( id5tity1 nor 0 !re any c\rt au?oriz$ to take te/imony1 or ent] decree 9 su* case2 b !y 7 deliv]$ ov] ^u claim1 tak5 to ! int]ior1 & sold to diff]5t plant]s4 ,!re !y m+l$ ) t mass ( *atteliz$ humanity :i* *>act]izes our ,s\!rn ,/ates1 & 7 swall[$ up 9 t tide ( oppression :i* is n[ be>+ ?ree millions ( human be+s to untimely graves4 ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis in=m$ ! ,naval ,dep>tm5t1 ?r\gh ,commodore ,patt]son1 t ! value ( ! prop]ty captur$ 9 ! =t 0 n less ?an two hundr$ ?\s& doll>s4 ,he also /at$ t a portion ( ?is prop]ty 0 deliv]$ ov] by ,colonel ,cl9* to ! ,indians :o _h accompani$ him1 on ! express agreem5t t !y %\ld %>e 9 ! plund]4 ,ano!r portion ( prop]ty 0 held by ,colonel ,cl9*1 z necess>y = ! use ( ! troops4 ,a li/ ( ! articles ?us tak5 is giv5 9 ! report3 x embraces spades1 %ovels1 pickaxes1 swords1 sword-belts1 pi/ols & muskets4 ,! rema9d] ( ! prop]ty 0 tak5 on bo>d ! gun-boats1 & held subject to ! ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy4#ch ,! ,gov]nor ( ,florida dem&$1 9 ! "n ( 8 ,mo/ ,*ri/ian ,maje/y ! k+ ( ,spa91 possession ( ! prop]ty ?us captur$ 9 ! =t2 d5y+ ! "r ( ei!r our army or navy to invade ! t]ritory ( ,spa91 & take & c>ry away prop]ty f its =tifications4 ,to ?is claim ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis repli$1 t ! prop]ty did n belong to ! ,spani% cr[n1 b to ! ,exiles1 :o 7 9 possession ( x1 f :om x 0 tak5 by conque/4 ,?is correspond5ce betwe5 8 ,excell5cy ! ,gov]nor ( ,florida & ! ,comm&] ( ! two gun-boats1 0 duly transmitt$ to our ,gov]nm5t at ,wa%+ton1 & may n[ be f\nd 9 our ,national ,ar*ives4#ci ,"s tw5ty-two ye>s subsequ5t to ! capture ( ?is prop]ty1 & ! massacre ( ^? :o 7 9 possession ( x1 a bill 0 report$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1#dj grant+ five ?\s& doll>s to ! (fic]s1 m>9es & sailors :o con/itut$ ! crews ( ^? gun-boats1 z comp5sation = _! gallant s]vices4 ,:e!r ! honorable ,*airman ( ! ,naval ,committee :o report$ ! bill1 or any memb] ( ! ,h\se :o vot$ = x1 0 aw>e ( ! true "* ( ! s]vices r5d]$1 is a matt] ( d\bt2 b ! bill pass$ )\t opposition1 became a law1 & ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates paid t bonus = ! p]petration ( "o ( ! d>ke/ crimes :i* /a9s ! hi/ory ( any civiliz$ nation4#da ,! (ficial correspond5ce connect$ ) ?is massacre 0 call$ = by resolution1 adopt$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & 0 communicat$ to t body at ! second session ( ! fifte5? ,congress4 ,b no action appe>s to h be5 propos$ 9 reg>d to x2 nor does x appe> t public att5tion 0 at t "t p>ticul>ly call$ to ?is mo/ wanton sacrifice ( human life4 ,9 ?is massacre1 ne>ly e ,exile resid5t ^u ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 includ+ wom5 & *ildr51 p]i%$ or 0 renslav$4 ,_! homes 7 left desolate2 _! plantations1 & _! h]ds ( cattle & horses1 became ! prop]ty ( ^? :o fir/ obta9$ possession ( !m4 ,probably "o-?ird ( all ! ,exiles at t "t resid5t 9 ,florida1 p]i%$ 9 ?is massacre1 or 7 renslav$ by ,colonel ,cl9*2 yet ! atroci\s "* ( ! transaction appe>s to h attract$ v little att5tion at ! "t4 ,g5]al ,jackson 0 popul> z a milit>y (fic]1 & ! ,adm9i/ration ( ,mr4 ,madison 0 reg>d$ ) g5]al favor4 ,no memb] ( ,congress prote/$ aga9/ ! transaction1 or made kn[n its b>b>ity to ! p2 :ile ! able/ memb]s tax$ _! +5uity1 & br\ght all _! rhetoric to be>1 9 v9dication ( ^? conc]n$ 9 ! outrage4#db ,:ile ,mr4 ,clay & o!rs sev]ely condemn$ ! te*nical invasion ( ,florida1 z an act ( ho/ility t[>d ! ,k+ ( ,spa91 !y omitt$ all ref]5ce to ?is wanton massacre ( ! ,exiles3 nor h we be5 able to le>n t any memb] ev5 intimat$ t ! bloody ,sem9ole w> ( #ahaf-ag & #ah1 arose f ef=ts ( our ,gov]nm5t to su/a9 ! int]e/s ( ,slav]y2 or t our troops 7 employ$ to murd] wom5 & *ildr5 because _! ance/ors _h once be5 held 9 bondage1 & to seize & c>ry back to toil & suff]+ ^? :o escap$ dea? 9 t b>b>\s massacre4 ,! (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 & hi/orians ( t day1 appe> to h avoid$ all ref]5ce to ! fact1 t ! p ?us murd]$ _h be5 f> long] 9 ! wild]ness ?an 7 ! *ildr5 ( ,israel2 t !y 7 cont5d+ = t ,lib]ty :i* is ! rightful inh]itance ( e human be+4 ,inde$1 m ?an tw5ty ye>s elaps$ aft] ?is massacre1 be=e a di/+ui%$ ,philan?ropi/ gave to ! public ! fir/ intimation t su* a p z ! ,exiles _h exi/$4#dc ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,g5]al ,,ho/ilities4 ,! ,troops along ! ,florida fronti] become active--,! ,exiles on ,suwanee & ,)lacoo*ee prep>e = ,w>--,g5]al ,ga9es's repres5tation ( _! numb]s--,depr$ations committ$ dur+ ! ,spr+ & ,summ] ( #ahag--,massacre ( ,lieut5ant ,scott & 8 p>ty--,its ,effect ^u ! ,c\ntry--,congress n consult$ z to ?is ,w>--,g5]al ,ga9es au?oriz$ to ,invade ,florida--,g5]al ,jackson ord]$ to ! ,field--,mr4 ,monroe assumes ! ,duties ( ,presid5t--,8 ,cab9et--,"* ( ,congress--,public ,s5tim5t 9 reg>d to discussion ( ,subjects connect$ ) ,slav]y--,g5]al ,jackson conc5trates 8 ,army at ,=t ,scott--,proce$s to ,mickasukie--,battle--,de/ruction ( ! ,t[n--,m>*es to ,/4 ,m>ks--,indian ,*iefs decoy$ on bo>d a ,vessel--,hang$ by ord] ( ,g5]al ,jackson--,! ,army moves ^u ,suwanee--,its ,situation--,exiles prep>e = a decisive ,battle--,sev]e ,conflict--,g5]al ,jackson takes ! ,t[n--,captures ,indian ,wom5 & ,*ildr5--,burns ! ,villages ( t region--,returns to ,p5sacola--,capture & ,trial ( ,arbu?not & ,ambri/]--,_! ,execution--,invasion ( ,florida condemn$ by "s ( our ,/atesm51 & v9dicat$ by o!rs4 ,! nation hav+ be5 precipitat$ into w> 7#ahaf71 ! ,(fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 & ! army1 at once became active 9 c>ry+ x on4 ,ord]s 7 s5t to ,g5]al ,ga9es1 exhort+ him to vigilance1 caution & promptitude4 ,he 0 on ! s\!rn fronti] ( ,georgia1 :]e x 0 naturally suppos$ ! fir/ bl[1 9 retaliation = ! massacre ( ,bl\nt's ,=t1 w\ld fall4 ,8 sc\ts 7 con/antly on ! al]t1 8 outpo/s /r5g!n$1 & 8 troops kept 9 read9ess = action4 ,! ,sem9ole ,indians _h lo/ "s ?irty m51 :o _h int]m>ri$ ) ! ,exiles1 & 7 9 ! =t at ! "t ( ! massacre4 ,!y ent]ta9 ! op9ion t ! s\ls ( _! murd]$ fri5ds are nev] at re/ :ile _! blood rema9s unav5g$2 nor c\ld x be suppos$ t ! ,exiles w\ld feel no desire to visit retributive ju/ice ^u ! murd]]s ( _! fri5ds4 ,long did ?is desire cont9ue1 9 ! m9ds ( ! surviv+ ,exiles1 until1 _m ye>s subsequ5tly1 _! v5geance 0 satiat$1 _! h&s 7 /a9$1 & _! g>m5ts saturat$1 9 ! blood ( our troops4 ,! surviv+ ,exiles _h _! pr9cipal rema9+ settlem5ts ^u ! ,suwanee & ,)lacoo*ee riv]s1 & 9 ! ,mickasukie t[ns4 ,^! settlem5ts 7 on f]tile l&s1 & 7 n[ reli$ ^u to furni% provisions = _! support dur+ ho/ilities4 ,savages are usually impetu\s2 b ! ,exiles 7 m delib]ate4 ,colonel ,cl9* _h return$ to ,georgia2 ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis 0 at ,mobile ,bay1 & no circum/ances dem&$ imm$iate action4 ,!y ga!r$ _! crops1 obta9$ arms & ammunition f ,briti% & ,spani% m]*ants1 & made e prep>ation = ho/ilities4 ,dur+ ! summ] & autumn ( #ahaf1 ,g5]al ,ga9es report$ slight depr$ations on ! fronti]s ( ,georgia1 b 9 ,febru>y1 #ahag1 he report$ t l>g] bodies ( ,indians 7 collect+ 9 "s ( _! villages2 & 9 "o ( 8 lett]s he /at$ t sev5 hundr$ negroes 7 collect$ at ,suwanee1 & 7 be+ daily drill$ to ! use ( arms4 ,?is numb] ( fight+ m5 w\ld indicate a l>g] population ( ,exiles ?an is w>rant$ by subsequ5t in=mation4 ,sid5ote3 #ahag4 ,dur+ ! ,spr+ & ,summ]1 bo? p>ties 7 9 a /ate ( prep>ation--( con/ant read9ess = w>4 ,a few pr$atory excursions to ! fronti] settlem5ts1 m>k$ ! action ( ! ,indians & ,exiles1 :ile ! army1 "u ,g5]al ,ga9es1 (t5 s5t p>ties into ! ,indian c\ntry1 )\t any important incid5t or effect4 ,! fir/ effective bl[ 0 /ruck 9 ,novemb]4 ,a boat 0 asc5d+ ! ,appala*icola riv]1 ) supplies = ,=t ,scott1 "u ! escort ( a ,lieut5ant & =ty m51 9 company ) a numb] ( wom5 & *ildr54 ,in=mation ( ?is fact 0 communicat$ to ! ,exiles & ,indians resid5t at ,mickasukie1 & a b& ( w>riors at once ha/5$ to int]cept !m4 ,!y succe$$ 9 draw+ !m into ambu%1 a few miles bel[ ! m\? ( ,fl9t ,riv]1 & ! ,lieut5ant1 & all 8 m5 b six1 & all ! *ildr51 & all ! wom5 b "o1 7 massacr$ on ! spot4 ,six soldi]s escap$1 & "o woman 0 sp>$ & tak5 to ,suwanee z a prison]4 ,"h %e 0 kept by ! ,exiles ?r\gh ! w9t]1 & treat$ ) great k9dness1 resid+ 9 _! families & %>+ _! hospitality4 ,%e _h ?us an opportunity ( le>n+ _! condition1 & ! /ate ( civilization to :i* !y _h atta9$1 z well z _! desire to be at peace ) mank9d1 9 ord] to enjoy _! own rights & lib]ties4 ,sid5ote3 #ahah4 ,?is massacre 0 reg>d$ by ! c\ntry z a mo/ b>b>\s & wanton sacrifice ( human life4 ,! newspap]s blazon$ x =? z an exhibition ( savage b>b>ity4 ,! deep indignation ( ! p 0 invok$ aga9/ ! ,sem9oles1 :o 7 repres5t$ z alone responsible = ! murd] ( ,lieut5ant ,scott1 & 8 m54 ,probably n9e-t5?s ( ! ,editors1 ?us assail+ ! ,sem9oles1 7 n aw>e ( ! atroci\s sacrifice ( human life at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 9 ,july ( ! previ\s ye>4 ,ev5 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 8 ,message 7,m>* #be71 relat+ to ^! ho/ile movem5ts ( ! ,sem9oles1 dur+ ! previ\s ye>1 decl>$ ,! ho/ilities ( ?is ,tribe 7 unprovok$1 z ?\gh ! record ( ! massacre at ,bl\nt's ,=t _h be5 eras$ f ! records ( ! moral ,univ]se4 ,not)/&+ our army _h1 9 a "t ( pr(\nd peace1 invad$ ! ,spani% ,t]ritory1 m>*$ sixty miles into its int]ior1 op5$ a cannonade ^u ,bl\nt's ,=t1 bl[n x up1 ) an unprec$5t$ massacre1 9 :i* bo? ,sem9ole ,indians & negroes 7 sla91 & two ( _! pr9cipal m5 giv5 ov] to b>b>\s torture2 yet1 ! ,presid5t1 9 8 ,message1 z if to falsify ! hi/ory ( curr5t ev5ts1 decl>$ t z almo/ ! :ole ( ?is ,tribe inhabit ! c\ntry )9 ! limits ( ,florida1 ,spa9 0 b\nd1 by ! ,treaty ( #agie1 to re/ra9 !m f committ+ depr$ations aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,su* 7 ! ef=ts made to misrepres5t facts1 9 relation to ! fir/ ,sem9ole ,w>4 ,) its comm5cem5t1 ! p _h no?+ to d2 !y 7 n consult$1 nor 7 _! ,repres5tatives 9 ,congress p]mitt$ to ex]cise any influ5ce ov] ! subject4 ,! correspond5ce betwe5 ,g5]al ,ga9es & ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 9 reg>d to ! occupation ( ! =t by ! ,exiles1 _h comm5c$ on ! f\rte5? ( ,may1 #ahae4 ,x 0 cont9u$ :ile ,congress 0 9 session1 9 #ahae & #ahaf1 b no facts 9 reg>d to ! plan ( de/roy+ x1 & ent]+ ^u a w>1 = ! purpose ( murd]+ or enslav+ ! ,exiles1 _h be5 communicat$ to ,congress or ! public4 ,ord]s 7 n[ issu$ to ,g5]al ,ga9es1 au?oriz+ him to c>ry ! w> into ,florida1 = ! purpose ( puni%+ ! ,sem9oles4 ,g5]al ,jackson 0 ord]$ to take ! field1 9 p]son1 ) p[] to call on ! ,/ates ( ,t5nessee & ,georgia = su* militia z he might deem necess>y1 = ! due prosecution ( ! w>2 & ! mo/ =midable arrangem5ts 7 made = c>ry+ on ho/ilities ^u a l>ge scale4 ,mr4 ,monroe _h assum$ ! duties ( ,presid5t 9 ,m>*1 #ahag4 ,he _h appo9t$ ,hon4 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 at ! comm5cem5t ( 8 adm9i/ration2 b ! (fice ( ,secret>y ( ,w> 0 n fill$ by a p]man5t appo9tm5t1 = "s mon?s1 9 consequ5ce ( ,gov]nor ,%elby's refusal to accept x1 on acc\nt ( 8 advanc$ age4 ,x 0 f9ally conf]r$ on ,hon4 ,john ,c4 ,calh\n1 :o1 ?r\gh 8 entire (ficial life1 0 di/+ui%$ = 8 devotion to ! in/itution ( ,slav]y2 & ?is w> hav+ be5 ent]$ ^u = ! support ( t in/itution1 x may well be suppos$ t he ex]t$ 8 utmo/ en]gies = its vigor\s prosecution4 ,! fifte5? ,congress assembl$ 9 ,decemb]1 #ahag4 ,mo/ ( ! memb]s f ! free ,/ates _h n enjoy$ ! advantages ( hav+ s]v$ long 9 t body4 ,!y aft]w>ds %[$ !mselves able m52 b ! bus9ess ( legislation requires exp]i5ce1 indu/ry1 & a p]fect k ( ! pa/ action ( gov]nm5t4 ,?is _c be obta9$ 9 "o session1 nor 9 "o ,congress2 x c only be ga!r$ by ! labors ( an active life4 ,x is1 !re=e1 n surpris+ t ,congress grant$ to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t :atev] funds ! ,presid5t requir$ to c>ry on ! w>4 ,x is n our prov9ce to applaud1 or condemn1 public m52 b hi/ory repres5ts no memb] ( ! fifte5? ,congress z hav+ proclaim$ ! cause ( ?is w>1 or ! atroci\s massacre :i* *>act]iz$ its comm5cem5t4 ,on ! contr>y1 ^? :o spoke on ! subject1 repres5t$ x z entirely ow+ to ! ,indian murd]s on ! fronti]s ( ,georgia1 & to ! massacre ( ,lieut5ant ,scott & 8 m54 ,!re 0 great delicacy exhibit$1 & _h be5 = _m ye>s previ\sly1 9 reg>d to ! agitation ( any "q t\*+ ! in/itution ( ,slav]y2 & ! p ( ! free & slave ,/ates appe>$ to feel t sil5ce on t subject 0 obligatory ^u e citiz5 :o desir$ a cont9uance ( ! ,union4 ,^! circum/ances r5d]$ x easy = ! ,adm9i/ration to prosecute ! w>1 ) :atev] =ce !y deem$ necess>y = ! spe$y subjection ( ,indians & ,exiles4 ,on ent]+ ! field ( active s]vice1 ,g5]al ,jackson call$ on ! ,/ate ( ,t5nessee = two ?\s& troops4 ,he repair$ to ,h>=d1 on ! ,ockmulgee1 :]e a body ( volunte]s1 f ,georgia1 _h already assembl$1 & organiz+ !m1 he reque/$ ! aid ( ! ,creek ,indians also4 ,!y readily volunte]$1 "u ! comm& ( _! *ief1 ,mc,intosh1 ready to %>e 9 ! honors & dang]s ( ! approa*+ campaign4 ,) ! ,georgia volunte]s & ,creek ,indians1 ,g5]al ,jackson m>*$ to ,=t ,scott1 :]e he 0 jo9$ by ab\t "o ?\s& regul> troops4 ,) ?is =ce1 he mov$ ^u ! ,mickasukie t[ns1 situat$ ne> ! ,lake ( t "n1 "s ?irty miles s\? ( ! l9e ( ,georgia4 ,x 0 ! ne>e/ place at :i* ! ,exiles _h settl$ 9 consid]able numb]s4 ,!re 7 sev]al small villages 9 ! vic9ity ( ?is ,lake1 inhabit$ almo/ entirely by blacks4 ,a l>ge quantity ( provisions _h be5 /or$ !re4 ,!re 7 also sev]al ,sem9ole t[ns betwe5 ,mickasukie ,lake & ,tallahasse1 on ! we/4 ,! ,exiles appe> to h view$ ! approa* ( ,g5]al ,jackson ) coolness & firmness4 ,!y _h evid5tly calculat$ ! result ) p]fect accuracy4 ,_! wom5 & *ildr5 7 remov$ to places ( safety1 & _! h]ds ( cattle 7 driv5 beyond ! rea* ( ! invad+ army2 & "s ( _! ,indian allies foll[$ ! example ?us set !m by ! ,exiles2 yet o!rs 7 n equally c>eful 9 calculat+ future ev5ts4 ,nei!r ,indians nor negroes _h made ^! t[ns _! g5]al r5dezv\s2 nor did !y expect a decisive battle to occur at t po9t2 yet !y prep>$ to meet ,g5]al ,jackson1 & 8 army1 9 a becom+ mann]4 ,mo/ ( _! =ces 7 collect$ prior to ! arrival ( our troops4 ,9 mak+ ! requisite dispositions = battle1 ! ,indians 7 =m$ 9 "o body1 & ! negroes 9 ano!r--ea* be+ "u _! respective *iefs4 ,g5]al ,jackson enc\nt]$ ! alli$ =ces at "s little di/ance f ! ,mickasukie t[ns1 ,april fir/4 ,! battle 0 ( %ort duration4 ,! ,indians soon fl$4 ,! ,exiles f\ght ) great] ob/9acy4 ,_! fire 0 s fatal t a re9=cem5t 0 ord]$ to t "p ( ! field1 & ! ,exiles 7 driv5 f _! position1 leav+ twelve ( _! numb] dead ^u ! field4 ,9 8 (ficial report ( ?is battle1 ,g5]al ,jackson insi/$ t ,briti% (fic]s _h drill$ ! negroes1 & ,briti% trad]s _h furni%$ !m ammunition4 ,he also report$ t he burn$ m ?an ?ree hundr$ dwell+s1 & obta9$ a supply ( provisions & cattle = 8 army4 ,! ,exiles1 g5]ally1 retreat$ to ,suwanee1 & ! ,indians cont9u$ to hang ar\nd ! ,am]ican army1 wat*+ its movem5ts4 ,g5]al ,jackson1 h[ev]1 direct$ 8 c\rse t[>ds ,/4 ,m>ks1 a ,spani% =t1 situat$ on ! riv] ( t "n1 "s fifty miles s\?we/ ( ,mickasukie ,lake4 ,! ,am]ican army rea*$ ,/4 ,m>ks on ! sev5? ( ,april1 & rema9$ !re sev]al days4 ,"o ( ! ,am]ican vessels ly+ 9 ,appala*icola ,bay1 hoi/$ ,briti% colors1 9 ord] to decoy "s ,indians :o 7 look+ at !m f ! %ore4 ,two ( ! ,r$ ,/ick b& v5tur$ on bo>d2 !y 7 said to be *iefs1 & 9 alliance ) ! ,sem9oles4 ,g5]al ,jackson ord]$ !m to be hang$1 )\t trial or c]emony1 ju/ify+ ! act by *>g+ !m ) hav+ p>ticipat$ 9 ! massacre ( ,lieut5ant ,scott & 8 p>ty1 dur+ ! previ\s autumn1 app>5tly unconsci\s t1 by 8 own ord]s1 two hundr$ & sev5ty p1 includ+ innoc5t *ildr5 & wom51 _h be5 mo/ wantonly & b>b>\sly murd]$ at ! =t on ,appala*icola1 & t ,lieut5ant ,scott & ?irty m5 7 murd]$ 9 retaliation = t act1 accord+ to savage w>f>e4 ,he appe>s to h felt x due to (f5d$ ju/ice1 t ^! m5 %\ld die = be+ suspect$ ( p>ticipat+ 9 t act ( retaliation4 ,9 all ^! cases1 ! mo/ assidu\s ef=ts 7 ex]t$ to misrepres5t ! real /ate ( facts4 ,! "t occupi$ 9 ! approa* & capture ( ,=t ,/4 ,m>ks1 gave to ! ,exiles & ,indians full opportunity to conc5trate _! =ces at ,suwanee4 ,x con/itut$ ! mo/ popul\s settlem5t ( ! ,exiles1 aft] ! de/ruction ( t ^u ! ,appala*icola4 ,x 0 reg>d$ z _! /ronghold4 ,surr\nd$ by swamps1 x 0 approa*$ only ?r\gh n>r[ defiles1 :i* r5d]$ x difficult = an army to rea* x4 ,"h _m ( ! ,exiles _h be5 born & re>$ to manhood4 ,"h 7 _! homes1 _! firesides4 ,"h _! *ief1 ,n]o1 resid$2 & "h !y conc5trat$ _! :ole =ce4 ,!y _h remov$ _! wom5 & *ildr51 _! provisions & cattle1 to places ( safety1 & coolly await$ ! approa* ( ,g5]al ,jackson's army4#dd ,sc\t+ p>ties 71 h[ev]1 s5t out to h>rass 8 advance gu>d1 & delay 8 approa*1 & r5d] x m difficult2 b1 not)/&+ ^! ob/acles1 ! army /eadily advanc$1 & on ! n9ete5? ( ,april rea*$ ! ,old ,t[n ( ,suwanee1 & f\nd ! alli$ =ces 9 ord] ( battle1 prep>$ to conte/ ! field4 ,! ,indians 7 aga9 =m$ on ! "r1 & ! ,exiles con/itut$ ! left w+1 br++ !m 9 conflict ) ! "r w+ ( ,g5]al ,jackson's =ces4 ,) ! ,exiles1 !re 0 no alt]native o!r ?an w> or slav]y2 & !y greatly pref]r$ dea? ^u ! battle field1 to *a9s & ! sc\rge4 ,we may well suppose !y w\ld fight ) "s degree ( desp]ation1 "u su* circum/ances2 & ! battle ( ,suwanee gave evid5ce ( _! devotion to fre$om4 ,!y met ! discipl9$ troops1 :o con/itut$ ,g5]al ,jackson's army1 ) firmness & gallantry4#de ,at ! comm5cem5t1 _! fire 0 s fatal t ! "r w+ ( ! ,am]ican army falt]$1 & ceas+ to advance1 gave signs ( fall+ back4 ,b ! left w+1 oppos$ to ! ,indians1 made a successful *>ge2 ! ,indians gave way1 & ! res]ve 0 sudd5ly br\ght into action to su/a9 ! "r w+1 :5 a g5]al *>ge 0 ord]$1 & ! ,exiles 7 compell$ to fall back4#df ,g5]al ,jackson1 9 8 (ficial report ( ?is battle1 ref]s to ! desp]ation ) :i* ! negroes f\ght1 & says !y left _m dead ^u ! field1 b does n m5tion _! numb]4 ,he ent]$ ! t[n & set fire to ! build+s1 & burn$ all ! villages 9 ! vic9ity4 ,he also captur$ "s ?ree hundr$ ,indian wom5 & *ildr51 :ile ^? belong+ to ! ,exiles _h be5 c>efully remov$ beyond ! rea* ( ! ,am]ican army4 ,?is sup]ior caution & provid5t c>e appe>s to m>k ! "* ( ! ,exiles 9 all _! conduct2 :ile ! ,indians appe> to h practis$ none ( ^! precautions4 ,b ! alli$ =ces1 defeat$1 & _! w>riors scatt]$ 9 v>i\s directions1 7 pursu$ by ,mc,intosh & 8 ,creek w>riors1 :o _h accompani$ ,g5]al ,jackson1 until fe>+ ! ,sem9oles might rally 9 =ce aga9/ !m1 !y return$ & aga9 unit$ ) ! ,am]ican army4 ,?is battle sub/antially clos$ ! w> ( #ahah4 ,x _h be5 comm5c$ = ! de/ruction ( ! ,exiles2 !y _h %>$ 9 its dang]s1 & by _! en]gy & boldness1 _h giv5 int5sity to its conflicts4 ,f ! "t !y unit$ 9 ! exp$ition = ! de/ruction ( ,lieut5ant ,scott & 8 p>ty1 9 ,novemb]1 #ahag1 until ! close ( ! battle ( ,suwanee1 !y _h be5 active p>ticipants 9 e skirmi%1 & _h uni=mly display$ great firmness2 be>+ te/imony to ! tru? ( ^? hi/orians :o h aw>d$ to ! ,african race ! m]it ( great physical c\rage4 ,g5]al ,jackson appe>s to h spok5 z little ( ! ,exiles z duty w\ld p]mit1 :5 communicat+ ) ! ,secret>y ( ,w>2 yet he 0 m free to compla9 ( !m 9 8 correspond5ce ) ! ,gov]nor ( ,p5sacola4 ,9 a lett] to t (fic]1 dat$ a few days aft] ! battle ( ,suwanee1 he says3 ,negroes :o h fl$ f _! ma/]s1 citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 h rais$ ! tomahawk1 &1 9 ! "* ( savage w>f>e1 h sp>$ nei!r age nor sex4 ,helpless wom5 h be5 massacr$1 & ! cradle crimson$ ) blood4 ,we c1 at ?is day1 sc>cely believe t ?is eloqu5t description ( savage b>b>ity 0 f ! p5 ( a man ^: ord] = ! massacre ( def5seless wom5 & *ildr51 at ! ,=t on ,appala*icola1 bore date less ?an two ye>s be=e writ+ ?is lett]2 nor c we readily compreh5d ! effront]y ( him :o ?us attempt$ to ju/ify ! invasion ( ,florida1 by ref]5ce to acts done by ! ,exiles long aft] ! army "u 8 comm& _h ent]$ t t]ritory1 & committ$ ! mo/ atroci\s outrages ev] p]petrat$ by civiliz$ m5 ^u an un(f5d+ p4 ,aft] ! battle ( ,suwanee1 ,g5]al ,jackson return$ to ,/4 ,m>ks1 be+ unable to foll[ ! ,indians & ,exiles into ! m s\!rn portions ( ,florida4 ,:ile at ,/4 ,m>ks1 he ord]$ a c\rt-m>tial1 con/itut+ ,g5]al ,ga9es presid5t1 9 ord] to try ,arbu?not & ,ambri/]4 ,! hi/ory ( _! trial & execution is famili> to ! read]4 ,! fir/ & pr9cipal *>ge aga9/ ,ambri/] 01 t he excit$ ! negroes & ,indians to commit murd] ^u ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ! second *>ge 0 = supply+ !m ) arms4 ,on ^! *>ges he 0 convict$ & execut$4 ,x 0 also alleg$1 t he 0 pres5t at ! battle ( ,suwanee2 & "s writ]s say he comm&$ ! ,exiles on t occasion1 & _h previ\sly taught !m milit>y discipl9e4 ,9 ,may1 ,g5]al ,jackson issu$ an ,address to 8 troops1 decl>+ ! w> at an end2 & wrote ! ,executive1 ask+ p]mission to retire to 8 home 9 ,na%ville1 !re be+ no fur!r use = 8 s]vices 9 ! field4 ,! ,exiles n[ return$ to _! homes4 ,!y _h full leisure to contemplate _! situation4 ,_m ( _! be/ m5 _h fall54 ,ne>ly ! entire population resid+ ^u ! ,appala*icola ,riv] _h be5 massacr$4 ,_! villages at ,mickasukie & ,suwanee _h be5 burn$2 & x is probable t ne>ly "o half ( _! entire population _h be5 sacrific$1 9 ?is fir/ w> wag$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! murd] & recapture ( fugitive slaves4 ,! invasion ( ,florida by ,g5]al ,jackson 0 condemn$ by _m public m51 & 0 approv$ by o!rs ) equal ability4 ,ev5 ! !n ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 9 8 correspond5ce ) ,don ,onis1 ! ,spani% ,m9i/]1 def5d$ ! invasion ) great ability4 ,b 9 ! discussions ( ?is subject1 we f9d no allusion to ! massacre at ,bl\nt's ,=t2#dg t appe>s to h be5 reg>d$ z a subject ( too delicate a nature = public scrut9y4 ,9 ! alcoves ( our ,national ,libr>y1 we f9d _m volumes ( docum5ts t\*+ ?is w>1 embrac+ "s ?\s&s ( pages1 9 :i* !re is ! /ronge/ c5sure express$ aga9/ ! ,sem9oles = provok+ ! w>1 & condemnation = ! b>b>\s mann] 9 :i* !y conduct$ x2 b we se>* !m 9 va9 to f9d any condemnation1 by ,am]ican /atesm51 ( ! object = :i* ! w> 0 comm5c$1 or ! unprovok$ & worse ?an savage massacre :i* m>k$ its beg9n+4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,fur!r ,,ef=ts ,,( ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,to ,,re/ore ,,exiles ,,to ,,s]vitude4 ,effects ( ! ,w>--,situation ( ! ,exiles--,s]vility ( ,nor!rn ,/atesm5--,det]m9ation ( ,s\!rn ,slavehold]s--,! pur*ase ( ,florida dem&$--,causes :i* l$ to x--,t]ritory obta9$--,au?orities ( ,georgia dem& a new ,treaty ) ,creeks--,mr4 ,calh\n ,secret>y ( ,w>--,8 ef=ts 9 favor ( ! ,claimants--,georgia appo9ts ,commission]s--,!y attempt to dictate ^? appo9t$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates--,correspond5ce--,mr4 ,calh\n dissatisfi$ ) ^? :om he _h appo9t$--,!y resign--,new ,commission]s appo9t$--,_! relation to ! subject--,difficulties--,indian ,talks--,treaty effect$--,agreem5t--,assignm5t ( ,fugitive ,slaves to ,unit$ ,/ates 9 tru/ = ! ,creek ,indians--,claims adjudicat$--,slavehold]s claim ! funds belong+ to ! ,creek ,indians4 ,! fir/ ,sem9ole w>1 l mo/ o!r w>s1 0 att5d$ ) great sacrifice ( blood & treasure4 ,x _h corrupt$ ! morals ( ! nation2 b ! ,adm9i/ration _h entirely fail$ to atta9 ! objects = :i* x _h be5 comm5c$4 ,n t5 slaves _h be5 captur$1 if we except ^? :o 7 w\nd$ & tak5 prison]s at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 "o half ( :om _h di$ ( _! w\nds4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 ! ,gov]nm5t c\ld n1 ) propriety1 condesc5d to make a treaty ) a community ( black m51 ^: ance/ors _h fl$ f slav]y4 ,su* act w\ld1 9 ! op9ion ( slavehold]s1 h compromis$ ! dignity ( ! ,slavehold+ ,/ates2 nor c\ld !y treat ) ! ,sem9ole ,indians z a sep>ate tribe1 = ! ,adm9i/ration 0 endeavor+ to hold ! ,creeks responsible = ! acts ( ! ,sem9oles1 :o1 ! slavehold]s insi/$1 7 a "p ( ! ,creek tribe4 ,! army 0 !re=e )drawn f ,florida1 )\t any treaty :atev]4 ,b ! act ( )draw+ ! army & p]mitt+ ! ,exiles to rema9 9 a /ate ( fre$om & indep5d5ce1 con/itut$ an ackn[l$gm5t ( ! inability ( our ,gov]nm5t to renslave !m1 al?\gh x 0 con/antly ass]t$ t !y 7 a degrad$ race1 incapable ( support+ !mselves if set at lib]ty4 ,9 look+ ov] ! (ficial reports ( our (fic]s1 ! action ( ,congress1 & ! tone ( ! public press1 we are =cibly impress$ ) ! con/ant & unceas+ ef=ts to hide f ! popul> m9d ( ! nation ! real que/ions involv$ 9 ?is w>4 ,nor c we acc\nt = x ^u any o!r hypo!sis1 ?an ! popul>ity ( ,presid5t ,monroe's ,adm9i/ration4 ,! old ,f$]al p>ty _h ceas$ to exi/4 ,!y _h be5 ! only p>ty oppos$ to ,mr4 ,monroe2 & no memb] ( ,congress appe>s to h possess$ ! requisite indep5d5ce1 in=mation & ability1 to take a position di/9ctly aga9/ 8 policy4 ,soon z our army 0 )drawn f ,florida1 peace 0 ( c\rse re/or$1 & ?+s rema9$ z !y 7 prior to ! invasion "u ,colonel ,cl9*1 9 #ahaf4 ,! ,exiles 7 aga9 left 9 peace1 z !y _h be5 prior to ! comm5cem5t ( ! w>4 ,no?+ _h be5 ga9$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates by ! va/ exp5diture ( blood & treasure :i* att5d$ ! prosecution ( ho/ilities4 ,! ,exiles _h ma9ta9$ _! lib]ty = at lea/ a c5tury1 & n[ !y _h set ! ,am]ican ,gov]nm5t at defiance4 ,^! consid]ations op]at$ ^u ! m9ds ( ! slave population ( ,georgia & ,alabama1 :o n[ became m anxi\s to jo9 !m2 & _! numb]s 7 ?us increas$ almo/ daily by slaves f ^? ,/ates4 ,f #agij1 our ,gov]nm5t _h endeavor$ to renslave ^! p4 ,no ,nor!rn /atesm5 object$ to ! policy2 :ile ^? ( ! ,s\? _h come to believe t1 al?\gh ! ,union may n h be5 =m$ solely = ! purpose ( captur+ slaves1 yet t duty 0 reg>d$ by !m z "o ( its mo/ important objects4 ,x _h n[ become evid5t t no milit>y =ce c\ld pursue !m into _! retir$ fa/nesses1 or seek !m out :5 scatt]$ among ! hommocks1 ! swamps & ev]glades ( t s+ul> c\ntry4 ,s\!rn /atesm5 n[ turn$ _! att5tion to ! pur*ase ( ,florida4 ,t w\ld deprive ! ,indians & ,exiles ( ! nom9al protection ( ,spani% laws1 & w\ld br+ !m "u ! jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 !y !re=e address$ !mselves to t policy ) r5ew$ assiduity4 ,rec5t ev5ts _h conv9c$ ! au?orities ( ,spa9 t x 0 impossible = !m to ma9ta9 ! dignity ( ! ,spani% cr[n1 or ! sanctity ( h] soil f invasion aga9/ an ,am]ican army1 :5 9 pursuit ( fugitive slaves4 ,%e _h se5 h] t]ritory invad$2 h] =ts at ,p5sacola & at ,/4 ,m>ks captur$1 & t ^u ! ,appala*icola de/roy$2 h] subjects massacr$2 h] au?ority despis$1 & h] rights z a nation treat$ ) indignity by our army4 ,!re 01 inde$1 no o!r way = h] b to acc$e to ! proposition ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,sid5ote3 #ahai4 ,a treaty 0 negotiat$ 7,febru>y #bb71 & 9 consid]ation ( five millions ( doll>s1 ,florida 0 transf]r$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! ,sem9oles 7 br\ght )9 ! jurisdiction :i* !y mo/ dread$4 ,! slavehold]s ( ,georgia1 :o _h s long press$ _! claims = fugitive slaves1 n[ became m clamor\s4 ,!y saw1 ) int5se int]e/1 ! p]t9acity ) :i* ! ,executive _h press$ ! claims ( ^? :o lo/ slaves1 9 ! !n rec5t w> ) ,engl&4 ,"u ! ,treaty ( ,gh5t1 ! ,presid5t insi/$ ^u full indemnity to ^? ^: slaves _h left ! c\ntry1 "u ,briti% aid2 & :5 ! ,engli% m9i/ry refus$1 & insi/$ ^u ! same con/ruction z t plac$ ^u ! treaty ( #aghc1 :i* conta9$ ! same words1 ! ,am]ican ,executive refus$1 & ! "q 0 ref]r$ to ! umpirage ( ! ,autocrat ( ,russia1 :o held an entire nation 9 slav]y1 & c\ld n be expect$ to decide 9 any o!r mann]1 ?an t mo/ favorable to ! in/itution4#dh ,sid5ote3 #ahbj4 ,! influ5ce ( ! slave p[] hav+ increas$ s greatly s9ce #agif1 z to induce ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t to *ange its policy1 adopt$ at ! fram+ ( ,jay's ,treaty1 0 n[ believ$ compet5t to compel ! ,creek ,indians to comply ) ! treaties ( ,new ,york & ,col]a94 ,a qu>t] ( a c5tury _h pass$1 s9ce ! sign+ ( ! la/ ( ^! treaties1 & !y _h be5 =gott5 by _m2 b ! p ( ! free ,/ates1 & _! ,repres5tatives & ,s5ators 9 ,congress1 _h quietly submitt$ to ?is pro/itution ( our national "* & influ5ce1 & none appe>$ to d\bt ! propriety ( cont9u+ ^! ef=ts4 ,sid5ote3 #ahba4 ,georgia n[ dem&$ ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t a new treaty ) ! ,creek ,indians1#di 9 ord] to obta9 f !m indemnity = ! slaves %e _h lo/1 subsequ5t to ! close ( ! ,revolution1 & prior to ! act ( #ahjb4 ,to ?is dem& ! ,f$]al ,executive ass5t$4 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,mr4 ,calh\n1 ) 8 atta*m5t to ! in/itution1 c\ld d no less ?an to ex]t :at influ5ce he 0 able to wield1 9 assi/+ ,georgia to obta9 a comp5sation = ! loss ( h] slaves4 ,on him devolv$ ! bur!n ( select+ commission]s to negotiate ! contemplat$ treaty4 ,c>eful to place ! subject 9 ! h&s ( m5 :o w\ld be likely to wield _! p[] = ! b5efit ( ! peculi> in/itution1 he appo9t$ ,g5]al ,&rew ,pick5s ( 8 own ,/ate1 & ,g5]al ,?omas ,fl\rnoy ( ,georgia1 to conduct ! negotiation4 ,9 8 lett]s ( in/ruction to ^? g5tlem51 he 0 c>eful to in=m !m t ! treaty 0 to be negotiat$ = ! b5efit ( ,georgia2#ej t %e w\ld also appo9t commission]s to att5d ! negotiation1 & wat* ov] ! int]e/s ( h] p4 ,! commission]s proce$$ to make arrangem5ts = ! treaty4 ,!y appo9t$ ! "t & place = hold+ x2 employ$ an ag5t to furni% ! requisite supplies1 & made arrangem5ts = ! necess>y paym5ts4 ,at ?is po9t a correspond5ce arose betwe5 !m & ! commission]s ( ,georgia1 :o assum$ to dictate ! t]ms on :i* ! treaty 0 to be f\nd$4 ,! commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 f9d+ ^? ( ,georgia incl9$ to dictate ! c\rse ( action :i* !y 7 to pursue1 7 unwill+ to submit to su* dictation1 & report$ ! difficulty to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>2 :ile ! commission]s on ! "p ( ,georgia1 feel+ p]fect confid5ce 9 ! devotion ( t (fic] to ! int]e/s ( slav]y1 made _! report ( ! matt] to him also4#ea ,! ,secret>y return$ an answ]1 reprov+ ! commission]s :om he _h himself appo9t$1 s sev]ely = _! refusal to obey ! dictation ( ^? appo9t$ by ,georgia1 t !y bo? imm$iately resign$ _! (fices1 appe>+ to feel t _! own self-respect mu/ be compromis$ by act+ "u ! in/ruction ( ! ,/ate ,commission]s4#eb ,app>5tly det]m9$ to appo9t no man :o %\ld aga9 prove refractory1 ! ,executive--probably at ! in/ance ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>--next select$ z commission]1 9 ! place ( ,mr4 ,fl\rnoy1 ,david ,m]iwe!r1 :o _h1 up to ! "t ( receiv+ ! appo9tm5t1 act$ z commission] on ! "p ( ,georgia4 ,at ! reque/ ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 he resign$ 8 (fice ( commission] on behalf ( ! ,/ate1 & accept$ ! appo9tm5t f ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,hon4 ,d4 ,m4 ,=ney1 ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 0 select$ z ! o!r commission]1 9 place ( ,mr4 ,pick5s4 ,^! commission]s 7 expressly in/ruct$ to assi/ ! ,/ate ( ,georgia 9 obta9+ ! objects = :i* %e 0 /riv+4#ec ,^! prelim9>y arrangem5ts c\ld n fail to =e%ad[ ! "* ( ! treaty negotiat$ "u su* auspices4 ,anticipat+ no o!r motive = ! treaty ?an ! settlem5t ( ! b\nd>y betwe5 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia & ! ,creeks1 ! *iefs1 head-m5 & pr9cipal w>riors ( ! tribe assembl$ at ! "t & place appo9t$4 ,aft] ! ord9>y =malities on su* occasions1 ! commission]s on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates op5$ ! bus9ess by simply /at+1 t ! p ( ,georgia compla9$ to ! ,presid5t t ! ,creeks _h n return$ ! prop]ty 7negroes1 cattle & horses71 :i* !y 7 "u obligations to return to _! own]s 9 ,georgia1 by ! treaties ( ,new ,york & ,col]a94 ,! commission]s on ! "p ( ,georgia n[ deliv]$ _! talk1 say+1 t by ! treaty ( ,augu/a 7#aghc71 ( ,galph9ton 7#aghe71 & ( ,%\ld]bone 7#aghf71 ! ,creeks _h agre$ to return to _! own]s1 negroes :o _h left _! ma/]s1 & o!r prop]ty2 t ^! treaties 7 all made be=e ! =mation ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u _! pres5t ,con/itution2 b !y 7 ratifi$ by ! treaty ( ,new ,york 7#agij71 & ( ,col]a9 7#agif71 made ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,georgia n[ dem&$ comp5sation = ! loss ( h] negroes & o!r prop]ty4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ,g5]al ,mc,intosh1 pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,creeks1 repli$1 t he came to meet ! commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & _h no expectation ( meet+ ^? ( ,georgia2 nor _h he or 8 fri5ds any idea t su* claims 7 to be pres5t$4 ,t ! *ief1 ,mc,gillivray1 :5 he return$1 aft] ! treaty ( ,new ,york1 in=m$ !m t !y 7 to deliv] up su* negroes z 7 !n 9 ! nation2 t !y 7 to pay = none :o _h remov$ or di$2 t !y all s und]/ood t treaty1 & t no?+ 0 !n said ab\t any o!r claims ?an = negroes2 t ! prison]s1 bo? black & :ite1 7 deliv]$ up "u ! treaty ( ,new ,york2 t ! claims n[ pres5t$ 7 also pres5t$ at ! treaty ( ,col]a91 9 #agif1 b ! ,creeks !n absolutely refus$ to ackn[l$ge any fur!r obligation ?an t conta9$ 9 ! treaty ( ,new ,york1 & by t !y 7 "u obligation to surr5d] no prop]ty except p]sons held z prison]s1 & negroes !n 9 ! nation4 ,t _m ( ^! negroes 7 c>ri$ away by ! ,briti%1 dur+ ! w> ( #ahab2 t o!rs 7 9 ! =t at ,appala*icola1 :5 he & 8 w>riors w5t ) ,colonel ,cl9* & blew x up1 & kill$ ne>ly all :o 7 9 x2 & ! o!rs 7 ) ! ,sem9oles1 & n ) ! ,creeks4 ,to ?is answ] ! commission]s ( ,georgia repli$1 t by ! treaties ( ,augu/a1 & ,galph9ton1 & ,%\ld]bone1 ! ,creeks 7 b\nd to deliv] all negroes :o _h left _! ma/]s 9 ,georgia2 t1 if !y _h done s1 ! ,briti% w\ld n h c>ri$ !m (f1 nor w\ld !y h be5 kill$ 9 ! =t2 t ! ,sem9oles 7 a "p ( ! ,creek nation1 :o 7 responsible1 n only = ! slaves & _! increase1 b also = ! loss ( ! labor :i* !y w\ld h p]=m$ _h !y rema9$ 9 bondage4 ,( ! means us$ to obta9 ! treaty1 we h no o!r in=mation ?an appe>s ( record4 ,^? acqua9t$ ) ! usual modes ( negotiat+ ,indian treaties1 by ! use ( intoxicat+ liquors1 by brib]y1 & ^? appliances g5]ally us$ on su* occasions1 w n wond] at ! /ipulations conta9$ 9 ! ,treaty ( ,indian ,spr+4 ,by ! fir/ article1 ! ,creeks c$$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! b5efit ( ,georgia1 ab\t five million acres ( _! mo/ valuable t]ritory4 ,! second article provid$ = ! res]vation ( c]ta9 l&s1 to be reta9$ by ^? :o 7 !n liv+ ^u !m4 ,! ?ird res]v$ c]ta9 l&s = ! use ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ag5cy2 & ! f\r? is 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,x is h]eby /ipulat$ & agre$1 on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z a consid]ation = ! l& c$$ by ! ,creek nation1 by ! fir/ article1 t !re %all be paid to ! ,creek nation1 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t5 ?\s& doll>s 9 h&1 ! receipt :]e( is h]eby ackn[l$g$1 =ty ?\s& doll>s z soon z practicable aft] ! ratification ( ?is conv5tion1 five ?\s& doll>s annually = two ye>s !reaft]1 sixte5 ?\s& doll>s annually = five ye>s !reaft]1 & t5 ?\s& doll>s annually = six ye>s !reaft]2 mak+ 9 ! :ole f\rte5 paym5ts1 9 f\rte5 successive ye>s1 )\t int]e/1 9 money or goods1 & implem5ts ( husb&ry1 at ! option ( ! ,creek ,nation1 seasonably signifi$1 f "t to "t1 ?r\gh ! ag5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates resid+ ) said nation1 to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,w>4 ,& z a fur!r consid]ation = said cession1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates d h]eby agree to pay to ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 :atev] balance may be f\nd due by ! ,creek ,nation to ! citiz5s ( said ,/ate1 :5ev] ! same %all be asc]ta9$1 9 con=mity ) ! ref]5ce made by ! commission]s ( ,georgia & ! *iefs1 head-m5 & w>riors ( ! ,creek ,nation1 to be paid 9 five annual in/allm5ts1 )\t int]e/1 provid$ ! same %all n exce$ ! sum ( two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& doll>s2 ! commission]s ( ,georgia execut+ to ! ,creek ,nation a full & f9al rel9qui%m5t ( all ! claims ( ! citiz5s ( ,georgia aga9/ ! ,creek ,nation1 = prop]ty tak5 or de/roy$ prior to ! act ( ,congress1 ( "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & two1 regulat+ ! int]c\rse ) ! ,indian tribes4 ,! fif? article m]ely provides = runn+ ! b\nd>ies ( ! sev]al res]vations4 ,x 0 duly sign$ & witness$1 & be>s date on ! eigh? ( ,janu>y1 #ahba4 ,deem+ ! treaty n suffici5tly explicit 9 its t]ms1 ! commission]s on ! "p ( ,georgia1 ent]$ into a fur!r agreem5t ) ! ,indians1 :i* reads z foll[s3 ,:]eas at a conf]5ce1 op5$ & held at ! ,indian ,spr+1 9 ! ,creek ,nation1 ! citiz5s ( ,georgia1 by ! a=esaid commission]s1 h repres5t$ t !y h claims to a l>ge am\nt aga9/ ! said ,creek ,nation ( ,indians3 ,n[1 9 ord] to adju/ & br+ ! same to a spe$y & f9al settlem5t1 x is h]eby agre$ by ! a=esaid commission]s1 & ! *iefs1 head-m5 & w>riors ( ! said ,nation1 t all ! talks _h ^u ! subject ( ^! claims1 at ?is place1 toge!r ) all claims on ei!r side1 ( :atev] nature or k9d1 prior to ! act ( ,congress ( "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & two1 regulat+ ! int]c\rse ) ! ,indian tribes1 ) ! docum5ts 9 support ( !m1 %all be ref]r$ to ! decision ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 by him to be decid$ ^u1 adju/$1 liquidat$ & settl$1 9 su* mann] & "u su* rules1 regulations & re/rictions z he %all prescribe3 ,provid$1 h[ev]1 if x %\ld meet ! views ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 x is ! wi% ( ! contract+ p>ties1 t ! liquidation & settlem5t ( ! a=esaid claims %all be made 9 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 at su* place z he may deem mo/ conv5i5t = ! p>ties int]e/$2 & ! decision & aw>d ?us made & r5d]$1 %all be b9d+ & obligatory ^u ! contract+ p>ties4 ,!re 0 also an assignm5t ( ! title1 or "r ( prop]ty claim$1 execut$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates by ! ,commission]s ( ,georgia1 :i* is 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,:]eas a treaty1 or conv5tion1 has ?is day be5 made & ent]$ into1 by & betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,creek ,nation1 by ! provisions ( :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates h agre$ to pay1 & ! commission]s ( ! ,/ate ( ,georgia h agre$ to accept1 = & on behalf ( ! citiz5s ( ! ,/ate ( ,georgia hav+ claims aga9/ ! ,creek ,nation1 prior to ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & two1 ! sum ( two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& doll>s3 ,n[ "k all m5 by ^! pres5ts1 t we1 ! und]sign$1 commission]s ( ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 = & 9 consid]ation ( ! a=esaid sum ( two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& doll>s1 secur$ by ! said treaty1 or conv5tion1 to be paid to ! ,/ate ( ,georgia1 = ! dis*>ge ( all bona fide & liquidat$ claims :i* ! citiz5s ( ! said ,/ate may e/abli% aga9/ ! ,creek ,nation1 d1 by ^! pres5ts1 release1 exon]ate & dis*>ge ! said ,creek ,nation f all & e claim & claims1 ( :atev] description1 nature or k9d ! same may be1 :i* ! citiz5s ( ,georgia n[ h1 or may h _h1 prior to ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & two1 aga9/ ! said ,nation4 ,& we d h]eby assign1 transf] & set ov] unto ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! use & b5efit ( ! said ,creek ,nation1 = ! consid]ation h]e9be=e express$1 all ! "r1 title & int]e/ ( ! citiz5s ( ! said ,/ate to all claims1 debts1 damages1 & prop]ty ( e description & d5om9ation1 :i* ! citiz5s ( ! said ,/ate h or _h1 prior to ! ye> "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & two1 z a=esaid1 aga9/ ! said ,creek ,nation4 ,x 7 useless = ! hi/orian to criticise ! language ( ^! sev]al in/rum5ts4 ,! claims m5tion$ 9 !m1 & ref]r$ to ! ,presid5t1 7 mo/ly = slaves :o left _! ma/]s dur+ ! ,revolution1 & prior to #ahjb2 at lea/ su* 0 ! con/ruction giv5 to ! treaty1 ! agreem5t & assignm5t by ! p>ties2 & we _c1 at ?is day1 ass]t t !y did n und]/& _! own compacts4 ,! ,creeks 7 to receive two hundr$ ?\s& doll>s 9 ca%2 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates agre$ to pay to ,georgia h] claims1 provid$ !y did n exce$ two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& doll>s4 ,! am\nt due to ,georgia 0 to be asc]ta9$ by ! ,presid5t1 & paid by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! ?ird1 & a v important po9t 0 ! assignm5t to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! b5efit ( ! ,creek ,indians1 ( ! int]e/ ve/$ 9 ! claimants to ! prop]ty & p]sons claim$--! ,unit$ ,/ates to hold su* int]e/ 9 tru/ = ! ,creek ,indians4 ,by ?is arrangem5t1 our ,gov]nm5t became own]s ( ! ,exiles ref]r$ to1 9 tru/ = ! b5efit ( ! ,creeks1 accord+ to ! con/ruction :i* ! ,indians1 ! au?orities ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ^? ( ,georgia1 plac$ ^u ! assignm5t1 ! agreem5t & treaty4 ,?is important po9t1 if borne 9 m9d1 w aid ! read] 9 und]/&+ ! subsequ5t action ( ! ,f$]al au?orities 9 relation to ?is subject4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbb4 ,9 pursuance ( ?is treaty1 ! ,presid5t promptly appo9t$ a commission] to asc]ta9 ! am\nts due ! sev]al claimants4 ,b great difficulties _h to be enc\nt]$4 ,! claims comm5c$ 9 #agge & ext5d$ d[n to #ahjb1 & x 0 extremely difficult to obta9 evid5ce ( facts :i* transpir$ s long prior to ! exam9ation4 ,suffici5t pro( 0 produc$1 h[ev]1 to satisfy ! commission] t n9ety-two slaves _h1 )9 ! p]iods m5tion$1 left _! ma/]s1 9 ,georgia1 & fl$ to ! ,indians2 & ! e/imat$ value ( slaves & o!r prop]ty lo/ to ! own]s 9 ?is mann]1 am\nt$ to "o hundr$ & n9e ?\s& doll>s4#ed ,sid5ote3 #ahbc4 ,?is am\nt ( money 0 duly appropriat$ by ,congress4 ,s f> z we are in=m$1 no memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 or ( ! ,s5ate1 appe>s to h ent]ta9$ d\bts z to ! propriety ( ?is gov]nm5tal slave-deal+4 ,! :ole negotiation & arrangem5t _h be5 conduct$ & manag$ by ,s\!rn m51 & ,nor!rn /atesm5 quietly submitt$4 ,?us1 aft] a /ruggle ( ?irty-eight ye>s1 ! ,slavehold]s ( ,georgia1 by ! aid ( our ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 obta9$ comp5sation = ! loss ( _! fugitive bondm54 ,aft] ! di/ribution ( ! am\nt f\nd due to ! claimants1 !re yet rema9$ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,presid5t "o hundr$ & =ty-"o ?\s& doll>s1 be+ ! rema9d] ( ! two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& appropriat$ by ! treaty to secure ! paym5t ( ^! claims4 ,?is money app>5tly belong$ to ! ,indians4 ,! claimants = slaves c\ld n h any title to x1 = !y _h expressly /ipulat$1 t ! aw>d ( ! commission] %\ld be conclusive ^u ! p>ties4 ,! claimants1 by t aw>d1 receiv$ full comp5sation = _! loss2 yet !y next dem&$ ( ! ,presid5t ! hundr$ & =ty-"o ?\s& doll>s :i* rema9$ 9 8 h&s4 ,not)/&+ ! commission]s on ! "p ( ,georgia expressly agre$ to abide by ! aw>d1 & _h assign$ all int]e/ 9 ! prop]ty & 9 ! p]sons resid+ ) ! ,indians1 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & _h receiv$ _! money 9 full1 "u ! treaty2 yet !y desir$ to get ! rema9d]1 :i* 0 consid]ably l>g] ?an ! am\nt aw>d$ !m by ! commission]4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,fur!r ,,ef=ts ,,to ,,enslave ,,! ,,exiles4 ,indians & ,exiles on ! ,appala*icola ,riv]--,o!r ,exiles at ,)laeoo*ee1 ,/4 ,john's1 ,cyprus ,swamp1 ,waboo ,swamp--,indians 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,t]ritory--,difficulty ( ! subject--,presid5t's ,message--,committee ( ,congress--,int]rogations--,mr4 ,p5i]es' ,answ]--,g5]al ,jackson's ,answ]--,he relies on ,=ce--,unit$ ,/ates recognize ! ,florida ,indians z an ,indep5d5t ,b&--,will+ to treat ) !m--,difficulties--,in/ructions to ,commission]s--,treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie--,res]vations--,cov5ants on "p ( ,unit$ ,/ates--,cov5ants on "p ( ! ,sem9oles--,congress makes no objection--,effect ( ,treaty--,its ,objects--,election ( ! y\ng] ,adams--,8 ,policy--,indian ,ag5t1 ,colonel ,humphreys--,william ,p4 ,duval's ,in/ructions--,claimants compla9 ( ! ,ag5t--,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs reproves him--,8 ,lett]--,reply--,difficulty ( ,ag5t--,dang]s :i* ?reat5 ! ,exiles--,color$ ,man seiz$ & enslav$--,indians ,prote/--,colonel ,brooke's ,advice--,unit$ ,/ates ,judge expresses 8 ,op9ion--,effect on ,exiles--,mrs4 ,cook's ,slave--,dem& = ,negroes--,sugge/ions ( ,ag5t--,practice ( ,gov]nm5t--,treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+--,its ,/ipulations--,abram--,8 ,"*--,*iefs become ,suspici\s--,delegations s5t ,we/--,executive ,designs--,supplem5tal ,treaty--,major ,phagan--,petition ( ! ,p ( ,florida--,indorsem5t !reon--,treaties approv$ by ,s5ate--,creeks remon/rate--,paym5t ( #ada1jjj to ,slave ,claimants--,sup95ess ( ,nor!rn ,/atesm5--,creeks dem& ,exiles or ,slaves--,georgians kidnap ,exiles--,_! ,dang]--,!y dissuade f ,emigration--,_! ,w>riors--,wiley ,?ompson's ,/atem5t--,g5]al ,cl9*'s ,int]e/--,colonel ,eaton's ,views--,g5]al ,cass's ,reply--,8 ,address to ,indians--,he au?orizes ,slave trade--,effects ( su* ,lic5se--,ag5t & o!rs ,remon/rate--,he replies--,ag5t rejo9s--,exiles prep>e = ,w>4 ,aft] ! close ( ! w> ( #ahah1 _m ( ! ,sem9ole ,indians took possession ( ! des]t$ plantations & villages along ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 ^: own]s _h fall5 9 ! massacre ( ,bl\nt's ,=t1 9 #ahaf2 & "s ( ! ,exiles unit$ 9 reoccupy+ ! l&s :i* _h be5 r$uc$ to cultivation by _! murd]$ bre?r54 ,"s six or eight small b&s ( ,indians ?us became resid5t along t riv]4 ,! f]tile bottom l&s1 ne> t /ream1 con/itut$ ! mo/ valuable portion ( ,florida1 s f> z agriculture 0 conc]n$4 ,^! t[ns af=d$ conv5i5t re/+ places = fugitive slaves1 :ile flee+ f _! ma/]s 9 ,georgia1 ,alabama1 ,t5nessee & ,l\isiana1 to ! int]ior portions ( ,florida4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates1 nor ! slavehold]s ( ! ,/ates nam$1 c\ld ) any propriety :atev] hold ! ,creek ,indians responsible = ! _m refugees1 :o 7 n[ almo/ daily increas+ ! numb] ( fugitives locat$ f> 9 ! int]ior ( ,florida2 & ! difficulties att5d+ ! hold+ ( slaves increas$ 9 exact proportion z ! slavehold+ settlem5ts ext5d$ t[>ds ^! locations2 :ile ! great] portion ( ! ,exiles 7 tak+ up _! resid5ce f>!r 9 ! int]ior ( ! t]ritory1 ^u ! ,)lacoo*ee1 ! ,/4 ,john's1 ! ,big ,cypress ,swamp1 ! ,isl&s 9 ! ,great ,wahoo ,swamp1 & places f> retir$ f civilization4 ,! ,sem9ole ,indians 7 scatt]$ ext5sively ov] diff]5t portions ( ! c\ntry2 & al?\gh ! ,unit$ ,/ates n[ own$ ! unoccupi$ l&s1 x 0 difficult to det]m9e ^u any c\rse ( policy by :i* ! difficulties1 s long exi/+1 c\ld be t]m9at$4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbb4 ,! subject 0 allud$ to by ! ,presid5t 9 8 ,annual ,message to ,congress 7,dec4 #c71 & a select committee 0 appo9t$ to take t portion ( x into consid]ation4 ,! committee prop\nd$ int]rogatories to v>i\s (fic]s ( gov]nm5t1 :o 7 suppos$ capable ( giv+ useful in=mation 9 reg>d to ! subject4#ee ,9 answ] to ^! int]rogatories1 ,mr4 ,p5i]es1 ,sub-,ag5t = ! ,florida ,indians1 repli$1 /at+ ! numb] ( ,indians at m ?an five ?\s&1 :ile ! numb] ( slaves :i* !y held 7 e/imat$ at only =ty4 ,^! he decl>$ to be f> m intellig5t ?an ! slaves resid5t among ! :ite p1 & possess+ great influ5ce ov] _! ,indian ma/]s4 ,he allud$ to ! ,exiles 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,x w be difficult 7says he7 to =m a prud5t det]m9ation ) respect to ! 'm>oon negroes1' 7,exiles71 :o live among ! ,indians1 on ! o!r side ( ! little m\nta9 ( ,lat*i\c4 ,!y fe> be+ aga9 made slaves1 "u ! ,am]ican ,gov]nm5t1 & w omit no?+ to increase or keep alive mi/ru/ among ! ,indians1 :om !y1 9 fact1 gov]n4 ,if x %\ld become necess>y to use =ce ) !m1 x is to be fe>$ t ! ,indians w take _! "p4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 be necess>y to remove f ! ,floridas ?is gr\p ( freeboot]s1 among :om runaway negroes w always f9d a refuge4 ,x w1 p]haps1 be possible to h !m receiv$ at ,/4 ,dom+o1 or to furni% !m means ( )draw+ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates6 ,?is g5tleman appe>s to h _h m k ( ! ,exiles1 ?an 0 possess$ by ! (fic]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 g5]ally1 :o suppos$ t ea* negro mu/ h a legitimate ma/]4 ,he appe>s1 also1 to h _h suffici5t humanity to sugge/ ! plan ( _! removal1 r ?an _! enslavem5t4 ,9 answ] to ! int]rogatories ( ?is committee1 ,g5]al ,jackson propos$ to compel ! ,sem9oles to renite ) ! ,creeks1 by leav+ ,florida & return+ to ! ,creek c\ntry2 & clos$ 8 recomm5dation by say+1 ?is mu/ be done1 or ! fronti] w be mu* weak5$ by ! ,indian settlem5ts1 & be a p]petual h>bor = our slaves4 ,^! runaway slaves1 spok5 ( by ,mr4 ,p5i]es1 ,,mu/ ,,be ,,remov$ f ! ,floridas1 or sc5es ( murd] & confusion w exi/4#ef ,?is sugge/ion ( ,g5]al ,jackson = ! removal ( ! ,sem9oles1 bo? ,indians & negroes1 be>s date ,septemb] second1 #ahbb1 & is ! fir/ sugge/ion1 ( t precise "*1 ( :i* we h k4 ,g5]al ,jackson 0 a w>rior1 & _h m fai? 9 ! bayonet ?an 9 moral tru?s4 ,he tru/$ mu* to physical p[]1 b _h little confid5ce 9 k9dness1 or 9 ju/ice or moral suasion4 ,he 0 an (fic] ( great popul>ity1 h[ev]1 & x is n unlikely t 8 views _h great] weight ) ^? :o foll[$ him 9 (ficial life1 ?an _! intr9sic m]its entitl$ !m to4 ,x is c]ta9 t 8 policy ( remov+ ! ,indians & ,exiles f ,florida1 0 subsequ5tly adopt$ by him :ile ,presid5t1 & has cont9u$ to be ! *]i%$ object ) mo/ ( 8 successors 9 t (fice4 ,! controv]sy betwe5 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia & ! ,creeks _h be5 settl$ at ,indian ,spr+s4 ,9 ! treaty ent]$ into at t place1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h held ! ,creek ,nation responsible = ! action ( ! ,sem9oles1 "u ! plea t !y 7 a "p ( ! ,creek ,nation4 ,hav+ obta9$ two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& doll>s f ! ,creeks 9 ?is way1 to satisfy ! slave claimants ( ,georgia1 ! ,executive n[ sudd5ly became satisfi$ t ! ,sem9oles 7 a di/9ct & indep5d5t tribe1 & he prep>$ to treat ) !m z su*4 ,commission]s 7 appo9t$ = t purpose1 & ef=ts made to collect _! *iefs1 w>riors & pr9cipal m51 9 ord] to c>ry out ?is object4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbh4 ,suspici\s ( ! objects :i* prompt$ ?is proposal1 ! ,indians 7 unwill+ to meet ! commission]s4 ,runn]s 7 s5t to ! diff]5t b&s1 & ev5tually "s ?irty or =ty 7 collect$4 ,^! 7 decl>$ by ! commission]s to repres5t a majority ( ! ,sem9ole tribe1 & 7,sept4 #ah7 !y proce$$ to =m ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie4 ,! lett] ( in/ructions1 f ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 0 specific on "o po9t only4 ,! commission]s 7 direct$ to s arrange ! treaty1 z to con/ra9 ! ,indians to settle )9 ! t]ritory s\? ( ,tampa ,bay1 exclud$ f ! coa/ on all sides by a /rip ( c\ntry at lea/ fifte5 miles 9 wid?4 ,?is w\ld h tak5 f !m _! mo/ f]tile l&s on ! ,suwanee ,riv]1 ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 & 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,mickasukie ,lake4 ,"s six *iefs1 :o _h tak5 possession ( ! plantations :i* _h be5 op5$ & cultivat$ by ! ,exiles murd]$ at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 refus$ to sign ! treaty4 ,!y 71 h[ev]1 prevail$ ^u to agree to ! treaty1 :5 x _h be5 s modifi$ z to give !m ea* a res]vation ( f]tile l&s1 to meet _! own necessities4 ,by agree+ to ^! /ipulations1 ! commission]s obta9$ _! signatures to ! treaty--! ,unit$ ,/ates gu>antee+ to ! ,indians peaceable possession ( ! c\ntry & res]vations assign$ !m4 ,!y also cov5ant$ to take ! ,florida ,indians "u _! c>e & patronage1 & ,,af=d ,,!m ,,protection ,,aga9/ ,,all ,,p]sons ,,:atsoev]1 & to re/ra9 & prev5t all :ite p]sons f hunt+1 settl+1 or o!rwise intrud+1 ^u said l&s4 ,!y also agre$ to pay ! ,indians six ?\s& doll>s 9 cattle & hogs1 furni% !m ) provisions to support !m "o ye>1 & pay !m five ?\s& doll>s annually = tw5ty ye>s4 ,b "o great object ( ! treaty 0 embrac$ 9 ! sev5? ,article1 :i* 0 express$ 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,! *iefs & w>riors a=esaid1 = !mselves & tribes1 /ipulate to be active & vigilant 9 prev5t+ ! retreat+ to1 or pass+ ?r\gh1 ! di/rict1 or c\ntry assign$ !m1 ( any abscond+ slave1 or fugitives f ju/ice2 & !y fur!r agree to use all necess>y ex]tions to appreh5d & deliv] ! same to ! ag5t1 :o %all receive ord]s to comp5sate !m agreeably to ! tr\ble & exp5se incurr$4 ,x is wor?y ( note1 t ! commission]s1 act+ "u in/ructions ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 n[ assur$ ! ,sem9oles t !y _h be5 a sep>ate & indep5d5t tribe m ?an a c5tury2 :ile o!r commission]s1 act+ "u in/ructions f ! same ,secret>y1 only tw5ty mon?s previ\sly1 insi/$ t ! ,sem9oles 71 at t "t1 a "p ( ! ,creek tribe2 & on t assum$ fact1 ! ,creeks 7 held responsible = ! value ( su* slaves z left _! ma/]s dur+ ! ,revolution & prior to #ahjb1 & took up _! resid5ce ) ! ,sem9oles4 ,b ^! contradictory positions appe>$ to be necess>y to su/a9 ! slave int]e/4 ,x may be rem>k$ t f ! sign+ ( ?is treaty1 !re 0 no long] any controv]sy betwe5 our ,gov]nm5t & ! ,creeks 9 relation to fugitive slaves4 ,t qu>rel 0 transf]r$ to ! ,sem9oles2 & n[1 aft] ?irty-f\r ye>s h pass$ away1 & _m millions ( treasure h be5 exp5d$1 & ?\s&s ( human lives sacrific$1 at ! mom5t ( writ+ ^! incid5ts1 our army is actively employ$ 9 c>ry+ on ! conte/ :i* arose1 & = m ?an ! ?ird ( a c5tury has be5 almo/ con/antly ma9ta9$1 = ! recapture & return ( ^! p2 & al?\gh our memb]s ( ,congress f ! free ,/ates _h witness$ ! long & exp5sive conte/1 & ! va/ sacrifice ( blood & treasure1 :i* _h be5 squ&]$ 9 ef=ts to rega9 possession ( ! ,exiles2 yet we d n f9d any objection to h be5 rais$ or prote/ utt]$ aga9/ ?is new treaty1 9 ei!r bran* ( our ,national ,legislature4 ,inde$1 s f> z we h in=mation on ! subject1 ! appropriations = c>ry+ x into effect 7 *e]fully made1 )\t objection4 ,?is compact drew /ill m closely ! me%es ( ! f$]al p[] ar\nd ! ,exiles4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates n[ held :at is call$ 9 slavehold+ p>lance ! legal title to _! bones & s9ews1 _! blood & muscle1 :ile ! ,creek ,indians 7 ve/$ ) ! entire b5eficial int]e/ 9 !m4 ,b nei!r ! ,unit$ ,/ates nor ! ,creek ,indians _h be5 able to r$uce !m to possession4 ,! :ite settlem5ts 71 h[ev]1 gradually ext5d+1 & ! t]ritory ( ! ,sem9oles 0 dim9i%+ 9 proportion2 & x 0 easy to =esee ! difficulties ) :i* !y 7 soon to be surr\nd$4 ,by ! treaty1 _m ( _! cultivat$ fields1 & mo/ ( ! villages1 :i* !y _h rec5tly def5d$ ) s mu* brav]y1 7 giv5 up to ! :ites1 & ^? :o _h s long occupi$ !m1 7 compell$ to retire /ill fur!r into ! int]ior1 & comm5ce new improvem5ts4 ,a few ,exiles rema9$ ) ! *iefs :o held res]vations ^u ! ,appala*icola4 ,^? :o rema9$1 h[ev]1 7 p]sons :o _h become connect$ by m>riage ) ! ,indians belong+ to ^? small b&s1 f :om !y 7 unwill+ to sep>ate4 ,to ?is treaty "s writ]s h trac$ ! causes :i* produc$ ! rec5t ,florida ,w>4 ,!y attribute to its /ipulations t va/ sacrifice ( treasure1 & ( national reputation1 :i* has r5d]$ t t]ritory di/+ui%$ 9 hi/ory4 ,) t w>1 our pres5t hi/ory is connect$ only s f> z ! ,exiles 7 conc]n$ 9 its prosecution2 b x w\ld appe> difficult = any hi/orian to ov]look ! important fact t obta9+ possession ( fugitive slaves con/itut$ ! mov+ consid]ation = ?is treaty1 & ! prim>y cause ( bo? ! fir/ & second ,sem9ole w>s4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbd4 ,mo/ ( ?is ye> 0 occupi$ 9 remov+ ! ,indians to _! new t]ritory4 ,!y also suff]$ sev]ely = ! want ( food1 & ! att5tion ( bo? ,indians & (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t appe>s to h be5 occupi$ ) ^! subjects4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbe4 ,9 ! autumn1 ,mr4 ,adams 0 elect$ ,presid5t4 ,b 8 policy 0 9 "p unfavorable to ! ,exiles4 ,removals f (fice "u 8 adm9i/ration 7 limit$4 ,if an (fic] 7 remov$1 x 0 n until aft] x _h be5 asc]ta9$ t j cause exi/$ = ! removal4 ,?is policy cont9u$ ne>ly e man 9 (fice :o _h be5 connect$ ) ! ,indian ,dep>tm5t "u ! =m] ,adm9i/ration4 ,colonel ,gad ,humphreys _h be5 appo9t$ ,ag5t = ! ,sem9oles z e>ly z #ahbb4 ,he 0 a resid5t ( ,florida1 & a slavehold]1 deeply int]e/$ 9 ma9ta9+ ! in/itution2 b s f> z 8 (ficial acts h come be=e ! public1 he appe>s to h p]=m$ 8 duty ) a good degree ( humanity4 ,inde$1 su* 7 8 ef=ts 9 behalf ( ju/ice to ! oppress$1 t he became obnoxi\s to ,s\!rn m51 & 0 ev5tually remov$ f (fice on t acc\nt4 ,william ,p4 ,duval 0 also cont9u$ 9 ! (fice ( ,gov]nor1 & ex-(ficio ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,indian ,affairs = ! ,t]ritory ( ,florida4 ,he 0 also a slavehold]1 & resid5t ( ! t]ritory2 b ev5 ,s\!rn m5 f\nd little cause to compla9 ( 8 devotion to lib]ty or ju/ice4 ,he1 & _m o!r (fic]s1 appe> to h suppos$ ! fir/ important duty impos$ on !m1 consi/$ 9 l5d+ an effici5t support to ^? claims = slaves :i* 7 con/antly press$ ^u !m by unpr9cipl$ :ite m54 ,e>ly z ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,janu>y1 ,gov]nor ,duval1 act+ ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,indian ,affairs = ! ,t]ritory1 wrote ,colonel ,humphreys1 giv+ him g5]al directions 9 reg>d to ! c\rse :i* he %\ld pursue 9 all cases :]e fugitive slaves 7 claim$4 ,on ! subject 7said he7 ( runaway slaves among ! ,indians1 )9 ! control ( y\r ag5cy1 x w be prop] 9 all cases1 :]e y believe ! own]s c id5tify ! slaves1 to h !m tak51 & deliv]$ ov] to ! ,m>%al ( ,ea/ ,florida1 at ,/4 ,augu/9e1 s t ! ,f$]al ,judge may inquire into ! claim ( ! p>ty1 & det]m9e ! "r ( prop]ty4 ,b 9 all cases :]e ! same slave is claim$ by a :ite p]son & an ,indian1 if y believe ! ,indian has an equitable claim to ! slave1 y are direct$ n to surr5d] ! slave1 except by ! ord] ( ! ,hon4 ,joseph ,l4 ,smi?1 ,f$]al ,judge resid+ at ,/4 ,augu/9e2 & 9 t case1 y w att5d be=e him1 & def5d ! "r ( ! ,indian1 if y believe he has "r on 8 side4 ,9 all ^! cases1 ! slave or color$ man1 :e!r bond or free1 0 to be treat$ 9 ! same mann] z a brute4 ,he 0 p]mitt$ to say no?+ ^u ! subject ( 8 own "r to lib]ty4 ,8 voice 0 sil5c$ amid/ ! despotism ) :i* he 0 surr\nd$4 ,no law 0 consult$4 ,! belief ( a slavehold+ ,ag5t decid$ ! fate ( ! p]son claim$4 ,^? :o claim$ to own _! fell[ m51 w\ld always f9d p]sons to te/ify to _! claims1 & x 0 9 va9 = an ,indian to attempt litigation ) a slavehold+ :ite man be=e a slavehold+ ,judge4#eg ,! ,exiles 7 n ! prop]ty ( ! ,indians 9 any s5se4 ,! ,indians did n claim to own !m4 ,"u ! rule prescrib$1 if a :ite man c\ld get "o ( ! ,exiles )9 8 p[]1 he c\ld at any "t prove "s circum/ance t w\ld entitle him to claim "s negro2 :5 he prov$ ?is1 ! law ( ,florida presum$ e color$ man to be a slave1 unless he c\ld prove 8 fre$om4 ,?is1 no ,exile c\ld d2 &1 :5 seiz$1 !y 7 uni=mly consign$ to bondage4 ,! only safety = ! ,exile 01 to entirely avoid ! :ites1 :o 7 n p]mitt$ to ent] ! t]ritory except ^u ! writt5 p]mit ( "s (fic]4 ,! slave-cat*]s1 !re=e1 _h rec\rse to ! practice ( describ+ c]ta9 black p]sons1 9 ! ,indian c\ntry1 z _! slaves1 & dem&+ t ! ,ag5t %\ld h !m seiz$ & deliv]$ to him4 ,b ! ,ag5t1 kn[+ ^! claims to be m]ely fictiti\s 9 "s in/ances1 paid no att5tion to !m4 ,! claimants1 int5t on obta9+ weal? by cat*+ negroes1 & sell+ !m z slaves1 compla9$ ( ! ,ag5t to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 :o1 on ! eigh? ( ,febru>y 7#ahbg71 wrote ! ,ag5t1 reprov+ him = 8 remissness 9 fail+ to capture & return fugitive slaves1 say+3 ,frequ5t compla9ts h be5 made to ! ,dep>tm5t1 respect+ slaves claim$ by ! citiz5s ( ,florida1 :i* are 9 possession ( ! ,indians2 all :i* h be5 act$ on "h1 9 issu+ su* ord]s to y z x 0 expect$ w\ld be promptly obey$2 99 99 99 & t ^! proce$+s w\ld be foll[$ by ! prop] reports to ! ,dep>tm5t4 ,no?+ satisfactory has be5 receiv$4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbf4 ,?us ! ,indian ,bureau1 at ,wa%+ton1 took ^u itself ! responsibility ( decid+ p>ticul> cases1 ^u ! ex p>te te/imony :i* ! claimants pres5t$2 & ! commission] conclud$ 8 lett] by a p]emptory ord] to ,colonel ,humphreys1 direct+ him to capture & deliv] ov] two slaves1 said to be ! prop]ty ( a ,mrs4 ,cook4 ,to ?is ord] ! ,ag5t repli$ 9 ! language ( dignifi$ rebuke4 ,aft] /at+ t "o ( ! slaves _h be5 captur$ by ! ,indians1 & giv5 up1 he says3 b !y w n1 ,i appreh5d1 cons5t fur!r to risk _! lives 9 a s]vice :i* has always be5 a ?ankless "o1 & has rec5tly prov$ s to "o ( _! mo/ respect$ *iefs1 :o 0 kill$ 9 an attempt to arre/ a runaway slave4#eh ,! love ( lib]ty is univ]sal4 ,we honor ! individual :o gives high evid5ce ( 8 atta*m5t to ?is fundam5tal "r1 ) :i* ,god has end[$ all m51 & we applaud him :o manfully def5ds 8 lib]ty1 :e!r x be a ,wa%+ton ) honors clu/]+ ^u 8 br[1 or ! m humble individual :o def5ds 8 lib]ty 9 ,florida1 by slay+ ! man :o attempts to deprive him ( x4 ,b ^! views 7 n recogniz$ by ! ag5ts ( our ,gov]nm5t4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbg4 ,:ile ! ,dep>tm5t at ,wa%+ton suppos$ ! ,ag5t to h neglect$ 8 duty1 ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,indian ,affairs = ! t]ritory suppos$ ! ,ag5t _h be5 q too fai?ful to ! slavehold]s4 ,on ! tw5tie? ( ,m>* he wrote ,colonel ,humphreys1 say+1 ,_m slaves belong+ to ! ,indians ,,are ,,n[ ,,9 ,,possession ,,( ,,! ,,:ite ,,p4 ,^! slaves _c be obta9$ = _! ,indian own]s )\t a lawsuit2 & he !n direct$ ! ,ag5t to submit ! claim1 9 all cases :]e !re 0 an ,indian claimant1 to ! *iefs = decision4 ,9 ^! conte/s betwe5 b>b>ians & savages1 conc]n+ ! rights :i* !y claim$ to ! bodies ( _! fell[ m51 ! ,exiles _h no voice4 ,!y well und]/ood t ! rapacity ( ! slave claimants 0 unb\nd$ & inexorable2 !y !re=e endeavor$ to avoid all contact ) ! :ites1 & to pres]ve _! fre$om by af=d+ ! piratical slave-cat*]s no opportunity to lay h&s on !m4 ,^! dem&s = negroes alleg$ to be among ! ,indians1 cont9u$ to excite ! p ( ,florida & to p]plex ! (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 ?reat5+ ! mo/ s]i\s results1#ei & cont9ually enhanc+ ! dang]s ( ! ,exiles4 ,sid5ote3 #ahbh4 ,! troops at ,=t ,k+ 7 call$ on to aid 9 ! arre/ ( fugitive slaves2 b _! ef=ts m]ely excit$ ! ridicule & contempt ( bo? ,indiana & negroes4 ,^! circum/ances becom+ kn[n to ! slaves ( ,florida1 naturally excit$ !m to discont5t2 & :ile _! ma/]s 7 engag$ 9 ef=ts to arre/ negroes to :om !y _h no claim1 _! own s]vants 9 :om !y _h repos$ e confid5ce1 sudd5ly disappe>$ & became lo/ among ! ,exiles ( ! int]ior4 ,! :ite p became irritat$ "u ^! vexations4 ,_! indignation aga9/ ! ,indians 0 unb\nd$4 ,! ,ag5t1 ,colonel ,humphreys1 gave a vivid description ( _! b>b>ity1 9 a lett] to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs4#fj ,b remon/rances ) ! ,indian ,dep>tm5t appe>$ to h no effect4 ,p]emptory ord]s = ! arre/ & deliv]y ( slaves cont9u$ to rea* ! ,ag5t4 ,^! ord]s he c\ld n c>ry into effect1 z he c\ld comm& no =ce adequate to ! arre/ ( ! fugitives4 ,gov]nor ,duval began to reg>d ! ,ag5t z remiss 9 8 ef=ts1 & s report$ him to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,"s ( ! mo/ weal?y ,sem9oles _h pur*as$ slaves ( ! :ite p1 & = _m ye>s1 p]haps we may say = g5]ations1 _h be5 slavehold]s4 ,!y held _! slaves 9 a /ate betwe5 t ( s]vitude & fre$om2 ! slave usually liv+ ) 8 own family & occupy+ 8 "t z he pleas$1 pay+ 8 ma/] annually a small /ip5d 9 corn & o!r vegetables4 ,?is class ( slaves reg>d$ s]vitude among ! :ites ) ! greate/ degree ( horror4 ,! own]s ( fugitive slaves1 or m5 :o pret5d$ to h lo/ slaves1 :5 able1 w\ld seize & hold ^? belong+ to ! ,indians4 ,! ,indians be+ ignorant ( legal proce$+s1 7 unable to obta9 comp5sation f ^? :o ?us robb$ !m ( :at ! slavehold]s t]m$ prop]ty4 ,?is practice became s common t1 on ! sev5te5? ( ,april1 _m ( ! *iefs & w>riors assembl$ at ! ,ag5cy1 & made _! prote/ to ! ,ag5t1 decl>+ t _m ( _! negroes1 horses1 cattle1 etc41 7 9 ! h&s ( ! :ite p1 = :i* !y 7 unable to obta9 comp5sation4 ,contr>y to ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie1 :ite m5 7 at t "t 9 ! ,indian c\ntry se>*+ = slaves1 & ! *iefs dem&$ ( ! ,ag5t ! reason :y ! :ite p ?us violat$ ! treaty to rob ! ,indians8 ,! ,ag5t c\ld only reply1 t ! :ite m5 7 !re by p]mission giv5 !m by ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4#fa ,s flagrant 7 ^! outrages ^u ! ,indians & negroes1 t ,colonel ,brooke1 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army1 at t "t comm&+ 9 ,florida1 took ^u himself ! responsibility ( address+ ! ,ag5t1 advis+ him n to deliv] negroes to ! :ite m51 unless _! claims 7 made cle> & satisfactory4#fb ,! ,di/rict ,judge ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,t]ritory1 also wrote ,colonel ,humphreys1 giv+ 8 con/ruction ( ! rules adopt$ by ! ,indian ,bureau4 ,he ?\ght1 9 no case1 %\ld a negro be deliv]$ up1 :]e ! ,indians claim$ him1 until pro(s _h be5 made & title e/abli%$ be=e judicial au?ority4#fc ,no law 0 look$ to z ! rule by :i* (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t 7 to be controll$ 9 _! (ficial duties4 ,! op9ion1 ! judgm5t1 ( ! individual con/itut$ 8 rule ( action4 ,dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury1 p]haps no despotism has exi/$ among civiliz$ nations m unlimit$1 or m unscrupul\s1 ?an t ex]cis$ 9 ,florida1 f #ahbc to #ahdc4 ,?is /ate ( affairs det]m9$ ! ,exiles n to be arre/$ by :ite m54 ,?us1 :5 ,gov]nor ,duval ord]$ a comp5sation = a slave claim$ by ,mrs4 ,cook1 to be reta9$ f _! annuities1 ! *iefs held a talk ) ! ,ag5t1 & assur$ him t ! man 0 born among ! ,sem9oles1 & _h nev] be5 out ( ! nation4#fd ,^! dem&s = negroes increas$ 9 numb]2 & ! :ites became m & m rapaci\s1 & ! ,indians m & m indignant1 until ho/ilities appe>$ inevitable4 ,! ,ag5t1 f long association ) ! ,indians & 8 k ( facts1 naturally sympa?is$ ) !m4 ,he assembl$ a numb] ( ! *iefs at ! ,ag5cy1 & sugge/$ to !m ! absolute necessity ( submitt+ to ! :ite p2 & = ! purpose ( avoid+ fur!r difficulties1 advis$ !m to emigrate we/ ( ! ,mississippi1 or1 r1 to s5d a delegation to exam9e ! c\ntry2 &1 z an inducem5t1 (f]$ to accompany _! *iefs & w>riors on su* a t\r4 ,to ?is proposition a few ( !m cons5t$1 & ! ,ag5t notifi$ ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! fact4#fe ,x 0 easy to see t1 "u ! exi/+ /ate ( affairs1 ho/ilities c\ld n long be avoid$4 ,up to ! p]iod ( :i* we are speak+1 ! action ( our ,gov]nm5t _h be5 dictat$ by ^? :o s\ght to uphold & enc\rage ,slav]y2 nor c\ld x be expect$ t ?is long-e/abli%$ policy w\ld be sudd5ly *ang$1 unless su* *ange 7 p]emptorily dem&$ by ! p4 ,!re 0 app>5tly b "o c\rse to be pursu$ "u ?is policy--t 0 ! removal ( ! ,indians f ,florida4 ,?is plan _h be5 recomm5d$ by ,g5]al ,jackson t5 ye>s previ\sly1 & he n[ be+ ,presid5t1 _h an opportunity ( c>ry+ out 8 propos$ policy4 ,to effect ?is purpose1 x w\ld be necess>y to negotiate a treaty by :i* ! ,indians %\ld cons5t to ab&on ,florida & remove we/ ( ! ,mississippi4 ,x _h long be5 ! policy ( ^? :o adm9i/]$ ! ,gov]nm5t1 to select ,s\!rn m5 to act 9 all (fices 9 :i* ! in/itution ( slav]y 0 likely to be call$ 9 "q4 ,f ! "t ,g5]al ,wa%+ton s5t ,colonel ,willett to asc]ta9 facts 9 reg>d to ! controv]sy betwe5 ! ,/ate ( ,georgia & ! ,creek ,indians1 9 #aghi1 to ! p]iod ( :i* we are n[ speak+1 no ,nor!rn man 0 appo9t$ to any (fice :i* requir$ 8 p]sonal att5tion to ! situation ( ! ,exiles4#ff ,sid5ote3 #ahcb4 ,9 accordance ) ?is practice1 ,g5]al ,cass1 act+ z ,secret>y ( ,w>1 appo9t$ ,colonel ,james ,gadsd51 ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 to negotiate ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+4 ,by ! preamble ( ?is treaty1 ! ,sem9oles /ipulat$ t eight ( _! pr9cipal *iefs %\ld visit ! ,we/]n c\ntry1 accompani$ by _! fai?ful int]pret]1 ,abraham1 7an ,exile1 & a man ( great repute among bo? ,exiles & ,indians17 & %\ld !y be satisfi$ ) ! "* ( ! c\ntry1 & ( ! favorable disposition ( ! ,creeks to reunite ) ! ,sem9oles z "o p1 !y w\ld1 9 su* case1 agree to ! /ipulations subsequ5tly conta9$ 9 said treaty4 ,! fir/ article m]ely makes an ex*ange1 by ! ,sem9oles1 ( l&s 9 ,florida = an equal ext5t ( t]ritory1 we/ ( ! ,mississippi1 adjo9+ ! ,creek ,nation4 ,! second article provides comp5sation = ! improvem5ts1 & specifically /ipulates1 t ,abraham & ,cudjoe 7two ,exiles :o act$ z int]pret]s7 %\ld receive1 ea*1 two hundr$ doll>s4 ,! ?ird provides = ! di/ribution ( blankets & frocks among !m4 ,! f\r? article provides = c]ta9 annuities1 etc4 ,! fif? m]ely /ipulates ! mann] 9 :i* ! p]sonal prop]ty ( ! ,sem9oles %all be dispos$ ( 9 ,florida1 & ! same articles suppli$ !m 9 _! new homes at ! ,we/4 ,illu/ration3 ,negro ,abraham4 ,! six? is 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,! ,sem9oles1 be+ anxi\s to be reliev$ f ! repeat$ vexati\s dem&s = slaves & o!r prop]ty1 alleg$ to h be5 /ol5 & de/roy$ by !m1 s t !y may remove to _! new homes unemb>rass$1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ipulate to h ! same prop]ly inve/igat$1 & to liquidate su* z may be satisfactorily e/abli%$1 provid$ ! am\nt does n exce$ f\rte5 ?\s& doll>s4 ,! sev5? article /ipulates t a portion ( ! ,indians %\ld remove 9 #ahcc1 & ! rema9d] 9 #ahcd4 ,two lead+ features ( ?is treaty attract ! att5tion ( ! read]4 ,! fir/ is ! removal ( ! ,sem9oles2 second1 _! reunion ) ! ,creeks4 ,! ,creeks1 hav+ paid ! slavehold]s ( ,georgia = _! loss ( ,exiles1 _h p]mitt$ ! subject to re/ 9 sil5ce1 &1 s f> z we are in=m$1 no =mal claim _h yet be5 ass]t$ by ! ,creeks to seize & hold ! ,exiles z slaves2 b x is evid5t t ! negotiators ( ?is treaty int5d$ to place ! ,sem9oles1 :5 settl$ 9 _! we/]n homes1 )9 ! p[]1 & "u ! jurisdiction1 ( ! ,creeks4 ,yet x 0 well kn[n t1 f ! "t ( _! sep>ation1 9 #agej1 up to ! sign+ ( ?is treaty1 !y _h disagre$ &1 at times1 _h be5 9 op5 w> ) ea* o!r4 ,g5]al ,cass1 ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 z well z ! ,presid5t1 mu/ h kn[n t ,mc,intosh1 ! pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,creeks1 _h accompani$ ,colonel ,cl9*1 ) five hundr$ w>riors1 :5 he invad$ ,florida = ! purpose ( massacre+ ! ,exiles at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 9 #ahaf2 t ! ,creeks %>$ 9 t massacre1 & _h publicly tortur$ & murd]$ "o ,indian & "o negro1 :om !y /yl$ *iefs4 ,x is difficult to believe t any man c\ld expect !m to live toge!r 9 peace1 ) ! recollection ( ^? sc5es re/+ on ! m9d2 nor has any explanation yet be5 giv51 nor reason assign$1 = ! anxiety ( our (fic]s to place ! ,sem9oles )9 ! p[] ( ! ,creeks1 except a desire to enslave ! ,exiles4 ,abraham1 :o act$ z int]pret]1 _h be5 born among ! ,sem9oles4 ,8 p>5ts _h fl$ f ,georgia1 & di$ 9 _! =e/-home4 ,he appe>s to h be5 a man ( unusual influ5ce ) 8 m savage fri5ds2 & al?\gh he insi/$ on emigrat+ to ! ,we/1 9 opposition to _m ( 8 bre?r51 yet he has to ?is day ma9ta9$ a high reputation among 8 p4 ,cudjoe 0 less kn[n1 &1 subsequ5tly1 0 less conspicu\s ?an ,abraham2 inde$1 we "k b little ( him4 ,b ! exp]i5ce ( ,abraham1 nor ! le>n+ ( ,cudjoe1 c\ld detect t vague use ( language :i* 0 subsequ5tly seiz$ ^u = ju/ify+ ! fraud p]petrat$ "u ?is treaty4 ,9 ! preamble1 x 0 /ipulat$ t ! ,sem9oles 7 to s5d six ( _! confid5tial *iefs to view ! we/]n c\ntry2 & if !y 7 satisfi$ ) ! c\ntry1 etc4 ,! ,sem9oles suppos$ ! pron\n !y _h relation to ! ,tribe2 :ile ,g5]al ,jackson con/ru$ x to ref] to ! *iefs s5t ,we/4 ,if !y 7 satisfi$1 he held ! ,tribe b\nd to emigrate at all ev5ts2 & 8 ef=ts 71 !re=e1 direct$ to satisfy+ ! *iefs :o w5t to view ! c\ntry4 ,b ! lead+ m5 ( ! ,sem9oles became suspici\s ( ! design ( ! ,creeks to enslave ! ,exiles1 be=e _! delegation left ,florida1 & publicly express$ _! suspicion4#fg ,! ,presid5t appe>s to h det]m9$ on secur+ ! emigration ( ! ,indians at all haz>ds & at any sacrifice4 ,= t purpose he appo9t$ commission]s to g we/ & obta9 f ! ,sem9ole delegation1 :ile yet 9 ! we/]n c\ntry1 & abs5t f ! tribe1 an ackn[l$gm5t t ! c\ntry 0 suitable = a resid5ce1 & t ! ,creeks 7 anxi\s to unite ) !m z "o p4 ,?is 0 to be obta9$ be=e ! ,sem9ole delegation %\ld return to ,florida1 or make report to _! nation1 or give ! ,tribe an opportunity to judge or act ^u ! subject4 ,sid5ote3 #ahcc4 ,8 object 0 accompli%$ 7,m>* #bh74 ,! commission]s obta9$ an additional treaty1 sign$ by ! ,sem9ole delegation s5t ,we/1 )\t any au?ority f _! ,nation to ent] into any /ipulation2 nor _h ! commission]s1 on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 au?ority to =m any treaty :atev]3 yet ?is additional treaty1 z x 0 call$1 aft] recit+ "s ( ! /ipulations conta9$ 9 t ( ,payne's ,l&+1 decl>es t ! *iefs s5t to exam9e ! c\ntry are well satisfi$ ) x2 & !n /ipulates1 t ! ,sem9ole ,indians %all emigrate to x s soon z ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all make ! necess>y prep>ations4 ,!re 0 also ano!r provision 9 ?is additional treaty ( va/ importance to ! ,exiles2 x designat$ & assign$ to ! ,sem9oles a c]ta9 tract ( c\ntry1 giv+ its metes & b\nds1 to ! sep>ate use ( ! ,sem9oles =ev]4 ,_! ag5t1 ,major ,phagan1 appe>s to h be5 will+ & capable ( p]=m+ 8 "p 9 ?is diplomatic intrigue4 ,we h no k ( ! means us$ to obta9 ?is additional treaty1 nor ! brib]y by :i* x 0 secur$2 b x is kn[n t ! *iefs1 be=e !y w5t ,we/1 express$ _! dislike ( reunit+ ) ! ,creeks2 t :5 !y return$1 !y d5i$ hav+ agre$ to settle "u ,creek jurisdiction2 x is also c]ta9 t ! additional treaty /ipulates t ! ,sem9oles %all h _! l&s sep>ate f ! ,creeks4 ,:5 !y return$1 _! ag5t1 ,major ,phagan1 repres5t$ !m z hav+ /ipulat$ = ! positive removal ( ! ,sem9oles4 ,! *iefs d5i$ x1 & insi/$ !y _h und]/ood _! au?ority z ext5d+ only to an exam9ation ( ! c\ntry1 & to report ! result to ! ,nation4 ,!y reque/$ t ! *iefs1 head-m5 & w>riors be assembl$ to he> _! report1 & to express _! own det]m9ation4 ,b ! ag5t refus$ to call su* c\ncil1 & assur$ !m t _! homes & h]itage 7 already sold1 & t no?+ n[ rema9$ = !m to d b to prep>e = removal4 ,! p ( ,ala*ua ,c\nty1 ,florida1 feel+ indignant at ! det]m9ation ( ! ,sem9oles to rema9 9 t ,t]ritory1 address$ a prote/ to ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 decl>+ t ! ,sem9oles did n capture & return ! fugitive slaves :o fl$ to ! ,indian c\ntry1 accord+ to _! /ipulations 9 ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie1 b r af=d$ protection to !m4 ,!y fur!r /at$ t :ile ! ,sem9oles rema9$ 9 ! c\ntry no slavehold] c\ld enjoy 8 prop]ty 9 peace4 ,?is prote/ 0 sign$ by n9ety ( ! pr9cipal citiz5s ( said c\nty1 & =w>d$ to ! ,presid5t4 ,?is /atem5t ar\s$ ! ire ( ! ,presid5t1 :o at once indors$ on ! back ( ! petition an ord] to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to inquire into ! alleg$ facts1 & if f\nd to be true1 to direct ! ,sem9oles to prep>e to remove ,we/ & jo9 ! ,creeks4 ,! ord] 0 *>act]i/ic ( ! au?or4 ,he wait$ n = ! approval or ratification ( any treaty2 ) him ! :ole dep5d$ ^u ! alleg$ fact ( ! ,sem9oles fail+ to br+ 9 fugitive slaves--n ^u treaty1 nor ^u ! ratification ( treaties4#fh ,sid5ote3 #ahcd4 ,! ,s5ate ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 subsequ5tly call$ on by ! ,presid5t to approve ! treaty aft] ! lapse ( ne>ly two ye>s f its date4 ,?is 0 done1 & ! ,presid5t by 8 proclamation imm$iately decl>$ x 9 =ce4 ,x 0 said by public (fic]s1 !n 9 ,florida1 t _h ! ,sem9ole delegation be5 p]mitt$ to give an unbias$ op9ion to _! p1 !re w\ld n h be5 a man 9 ! ,nation will+ to migrate4#fi ,! :ole ,nation became indignant at ?is treatm5t1 & su* 0 ! feel+ aga9/ ! ag5t t he deem$ x prud5t to retire f ! ag5cy4 ,g5]al ,wiley ,?ompson 0 appo9t$ to succe$ him4 ,g5]al ,cl9* 0 appo9t$ to ! comm& ( ! troops1 & e prep>ation 0 made to insure ! spe$y removal ( ! ,indians & ,exiles we/ ( ! ,mississippi4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! ,creeks le>n+ t a tract ( c\ntry 01 by ! additional treaty1 agre$ to be set (f to ! sep>ate use ( ! ,sem9oles1 saw cle>ly ! influ5ce :i* ,abraham _h ex]cis$ 9 ! matt]1 &1 fe>+ _! own designs = obta9+ slaves w\ld be defeat$ ?r\gh _! pr9cipal *iefs1 address$ a prote/ to ! ,hon4 ,lewis ,cass1 !n ,secret>y ( ,w>1 remon/rat+ aga9/ ! policy ( giv+ ! ,sem9oles a sep>ate c\ntry4 ,^! *iefs 7 sagaci\s m51 :o _h atta9$ di/9ction ) ! ,creeks by _! manife/ation ( sup]ior intellig5ce4 ,two ( !m1 ,rolley ,mc,intosh & ,*illey ,mc,intosh1 sons ( a ,scot* trad] :o liv$ ) ! ,indians1 _h be5 educat$1 & 7 reg>d$ z among ! able politicians ( ! day4 ,!y1 toge!r ) ,to%at*ee ,mieco & ,lewis1 urg$ ! propriety ( unit+ ! two tribes z "o p1 )\t any sep>ate organization4 ,! next day !y address$ ano!r lett] to ,secret>y ,cass1 giv+ additional reasons & argum5ts :y ! ,sem9oles %\ld n h sep>ate l&s4#gj ,! ,presid5t _h already adopt$ ! policy ( compell+ ! ,sem9oles to unite "u "o gov]nm5t ) ! ,creeks3 & ?is /ipulation = sep>ate l&s 0 introduc$ into ! additional treaty1 by commission]s :o 7 n fully in=m$ ( ! ,presid5t's views4 ,?is compact1 ent]$ into at ,=t ,gibson1 errone\sly call$ an additional treaty1 0 kn[n to be void3 nei!r ! ,sem9ole *iefs nor ! ,unit$ ,/ates commission]s _h au?ority to negotiate any treaty :atev]2 & ?is /ipulation1 = hold+ sep>ate l&s by ! ,sem9oles1 appe>s to h be5 totally disreg>d$ by ! ,executive1 z w m fully appe> h]eaft]4 ,ano!r circum/ance _h induc$ ! ,creeks to rema9 sil5t 9 reg>d to ! ,exiles4 ,by ! treaty ( ,indian ,spr+1 !y _h plac$ at ! ,presid5t's disposal #bej1jjj1 out ( :i* ! slavehold]s ( ,georgia 7 to be paid = slaves & prop]ty lo/ prior to #ahjb4 ,! commission]s appo9t$ to make ! exam9ation f\nd b #aji1jjj due ! claimants "u ?is /ipulation1 leav+ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,presid5t #ada1jjj belong+ to ! ,creeks4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 claim$ by ! slavehold]s1 9 addition to ! am\nt all[$ by ! treaty4 ,to obta9 ?is money ! slavehold]s s5t _! petition to ,congress4 ,! subject 0 ref]r$ to a committee1 ( :i* ,mr4 ,gilm]1 ( ,georgia1 0 ,*airman4 ,! committee made a v elaborate report1 sett+ =? t ! claimants _h an equitable "r to ?is money z an indemnity = ! loss ( ! (fspr+ :i* ! ,exiles w\ld h borne to _! ma/]s _h !y rema9$ 9 bondage1 & x is among ! inexplicable transactions ( t day1 t ! bill pass$1 giv+ ! money to ^? claimants )\t ! utt]+ ( a prote/1 or ! /atem5t ( an objection1 by any ,nor!rn repres5tative or s5ator4 ,! ,creeks n[ hav+ paid ! full am\nt /ipulat$ 9 ! treaty1 & be+ robb$ ( ! #ada1jjj1 to comp5sate ! slavehold]s = *ildr5 :o _h nev] be5 born1 7 excit$ to madness4 ,!y believ$ !mselves to hold ! b5eficial int]e/ 9 ! bodies ( ! ,exiles1 & det]m9$ to obta9 possession ( !m4#ga ,!y imm$iately s5t a delegation to ! ,sem9oles to dem& possession ( ! ,exiles z _! slaves4 ,:ile ! ,creeks 7 ?us dem&+ possession ( ! refugees1 ! ,executive ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & 8 (fic]s 7 endeavor+ to compel !m to g ,we/1 :]e ! ,creeks c\ld1 )\t opposition1 lay h&s ^u !m & enslave !m4 ,! six ,sem9ole *iefs hold+ res]vations ^u ! ,appala*icola ,riv] own$ "s slaves1 & ) ^? slaves "s ( ! ,exiles _h int]m>ri$4 ,ea* *ief1 by ! t]ms ( ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie1 0 p]mitt$ to "n ! m5 :o 7 to reside ) him1 & su* *ief became responsible = ! conduct ( ! p]sons ?us nam$2 :ile ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ipulat$ to af=d ! *iefs & _! p protection aga9/ all p]sons :atsoev]4 ,! :ite settlem5ts _h ext5d$ to ! vic9ity ( ^! res]vations1 & ! ,exiles & ,sem9ole slaves liv+ on !m 7 m imm$iately expos$ to ! rapacity ( ! :ites ?an 7 ^? 9 ! int]ior ( ! t]ritory4 ,sid5ote3 #ahce4 ,! mania = obta9+ slaves by piratical viol5ce1 seems to h rea*$ a po9t almo/ incr$ible to ! p ( ! free ,/ates4 ,e-con-*attimico 0 "o ( ! *iefs ^: res]vation lay on ! we/ side ( ! riv]4 ,he _h long be5 highly respect$ by ! :ites4 ,he own$ "s tw5ty slaves1 :o 7 resid+ ) him 9 a /ate ( p>tial fre$om--pay+ him an annual /ip5d ( provisions = _! "t1 & hold+ su* prop]ty z !y c\ld acquire4 ,connect$ ) ^! slaves1 & ) "s ( ! ,indians on ! ,res]vation1 7 ab\t an equal numb] ( ,exiles1 :o _h nev] kn[n slav]y1 b ^: ance/ors1 9 =m] g5]ations1 _h toil$ 9 bondage4 ,unwill+ to sep>ate f _! intimate fri5ds & connexions1 !y _h1 z /at$ 9 a =m] *apt]1 come "h to occupy1 ) ,e-con-*attimico & 8 fri5ds1 "o ( ! ext5sive plantations :i* _h be5 occupi$ by _! bre?r5 :o fell at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 9 #ahaf4 ,! *ief _h nam$ !m z 8 fri5ds1 & a record ( ! fact _h be5 deposit$ 9 ! (fice ( ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs2 & = _! conduct ,e-con-*attimico 0 responsible1 "u ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie2 :ile1 by ! same in/rum5t1 ! fai? ( ! nation _h be5 solemnly pl$g$ to protect !m aga9/ all p]sons :atsoev]4 ,! piratical slave-deal]s ( ,georgia look$ ^u ^! p1 bo? ,exiles & slaves1 ) /rong desire to possess !m4 ,"o ( ^! fi5ds 9 human %ape1 nam$ ,milton1 resid+ 9 ,columbus1 ,georgia1 pr(ess$ to h pur*as$ !m f a ,creek ,indian4 ,! claim 0 pres5t$ to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 & by him ref]r$ to ,judge ,cam]on1 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt 9 ,florida1 = exam9ation4 ,! *ief be+ a man ( influ5ce & respect$ by ! :ites1 f\nd fri5ds to esp\se 8 cause4 ,! claimant began to d\bt 8 success "u su* circum/ances1 & propos$ to )draw 8 claim2 b s flagrant 0 its fraudul5t "*1 t ,judge ,cam]on felt x 8 duty to report ^u x1 %[+ x to be void4#gb ,?is report 0 duly transmitt$ to ! prop] dep>tm5t at ,wa%+ton1 & ! ,old ,*ief1 ) 8 p1 once m repos$ 9 app>5t security4 ,x has be5 alleg$1 t m5 :o s f> p>alyze _! own moral s5sibilities z to rob _! fell[-m5 ( _! labor1 _! lib]ty1 _! manhood1 & hold !m 9 degrad+ bondage1 c n ent]ta9 any cle> conceptions ( "r & wrong4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 x is c]ta9 t m5 :o deal 9 slaves1 are ev] reg>d$1 ev5 by slavehold]s1 z de/itute ( moral s5tim5t4 ,9 ?is case1 ,milton1 f9d+ t ,judge ,cam]on _h report$ ! claim to be fraudul5t & void1 pr(ess$ to sell 8 int]e/ 9 ^! p to c]ta9 o!r slavehold]s1 ( ,columbus4 ,^! m5 provid$ !mselves ) *a9s1 & fett]s1 & bloodh\nds1 & all ! p>aph]nalia ( regul> slave-deal]s ^u ! ,african coa/1 & desc5d+ ! riv] 9 a /eamboat1 int5d$ to surprise _! victims be=e any notice %\ld be giv5 ( _! approa*4 ,b "s fri5dly :ite1 :o _h le>n$ ! int5tions ( ! pirates1 _h :isp]$ to ! ag$ *ief ! dang] :i* ?reat5$ 8 p4 ,!y 7 soon arm$1 & prep>$ to def5d !mselves or die 9 ! attempt4 ,! desp]adoes l&$ ^u ! ,res]vation2 b f9d+ ! p arm$1 & ready to receive !m 9 a becom+ mann]1 !y retir$ into ! c\ntry & al>m$ ! settl]s1 by proclaim+ t ,e-con-*attimico _h arm$ 8 p & 0 ab\t to make w> ^u ! :ites4 ,! news flew 9 all directions2 troops 7 mu/]$ into s]vice2 an army 0 organiz$ & m>*$ to ! ,res]vation1 & ! prop] (fic] s5t1 ) a :ite flag1 to dem& ! object & int5tions ( ! *ief1 9 arm+ 8 p4 ,! old man 0 mo/ indignant t 8 honor %\ld be impugn$ 9 su* mann]4 ,he fully expla9$ ! cause :i* induc$ 8 p to conv5e1 & assume a ho/ile attitude t[>ds ^? :o _h come to rob !m ( _! lib]ty4 ,! (fic]s1 :o sympa?iz$ ) ! pirates1 7 su/a9$ by milit>y =ce4 ,!y assur$ ! old man t no p]sons %\ld be all[$ to injure him or 8 p2 t ! c\ntry 0 al>m$1 & ! public m9d c\ld only be pacifi$ by a surr5d] ( 8 arms & ammunition4 ,to ?is proposition he 0 con/ra9$ to yield4 ,!y took 8 arms & ammunition1 & left him def5seless4 ,!y rema9$ undi/urb$1 h[ev]1 dur+ ! night2 b ! next morn+ ! slave-hunt]s return$1 fully arm$4 ,!y seiz$ e negro resid+ ^u ! ,res]vation1 includ+ bo? ,exiles & ! slaves ( ,e-con-*attimico1 &1 fa/5+ ! manacles ^u _! limbs1 hurri$ !m (f to ,georgia1 :]e !y 7 sold into int]m9able bondage4#gcgd ,!y1 & _! ance/ors1 _h enjoy$ a hundr$ ye>s ( fre$om2 b !y 7 sudd5ly precipitat$ into all ! suff]+s & sorr[s ( slav]y1 & n[ toil 9 *a9s1 or h dep>t$ to t l& :]e slav]y is unkn[n4 ,e-con-*attimico petition$ ,congress = indemnity1 b obta9$ no r$ress4 ,nei!r ! ,presid5t1 nor ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 manife/$ any int]e/ 9 ma9ta9+ our mo/ solemn treaty obligations ) ! ,indians1 or attempt$ any r$ress = _! violation4 ,di%e>t5$ & brok5 d[n 9 spirits1 ,e-con-*attimico yield$ to ,g5]al ,jackson's ord]s1 emigrat$ to ! we/]n c\ntry1 & sp5t ! rema9d] ( 8 days 9 pov]ty & want4 ,nor 7 ! piracies ( ! :ite p conf9$ to ! crime ( kidnapp+ ,exiles4 ,!y robb$ ! ,indians & ,exiles ( horses1 cattle & money4 ,a *ief nam$ ,blunt also held a res]vation on ! riv]1 "u ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie4 ,he _h "s fri5ds among ! ,exiles :o pref]r$ to occupy1 ) him1 "o ( ! plantations left de/itute by ! murd] ( ! p at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 9 #ahaf4 ,he too _h nam$ 8 fri5ds & become responsible = _! conduct1 & reli$ ^u ! pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation to protect !m4 ,"s desp]adoes1 said to h come f ,georgia1 ent]$ 8 plantation1 robb$ him ( a l>ge am\nt ( money1 & c>ri$ away all ! negroes liv+ on ! ,res]ve4 ,ano!r *ief nam$ ,walk]1 also resid+ on a res]vation1 ) "s slaves & ,exiles1 discov]$ t a notori\s slave-cat*] f ,georgia1 nam$ ,d\glass1 & "s associates1 7 hang+ ar\nd 8 plantation1 ) ! app>5t int5tion ( captur+ & enslav+ ! color$ p4 ,w>n$ by ! outrage committ$ ^u ,e-con-*attimico & 8 p1 bo? ,indians & negroes collect$ toge!r1 arm$ !mselves1 & det]m9$ to resi/ any viol5ce t %\ld be (f]$ !m4 ,:5 ! piratical ,georgians approa*$1 !y fir$ ^u !m4 ,f9d+ ! p arm$ & det]m9$ to resi/1 ! man/eal]s retreat$ & disappe>$4 ,feel+ !y 7 9 dang]1 ,walk] wrote ! ,ag5t ( ! ,sem9oles1 call+ = protection1 accord+ to ! /ipulations ( ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie4 ,9 8 lett] he says1 ,are ! free negroes 7,exiles71 & negroes belong+ to ?is t[n 7slaves71 to be /ol5 away publicly 9 ! face ( law & ju/ice--c>ri$ (f & sold to fill ! pockets ( ^? worse ?an l& pirates8 ,?is appeal 0 9 va94 ,! ,ag5t paid no att5tion to x4 ,! kidnapp]s 7 vigilant & wat*ful1 & :5 _! victims suppos$ !mselves safe1 !y /ole ^u !m1 seiz$ !m1 & hurri$ !m (f to ! int]ior ( ,alabama1 & sold !m into slav]y4 ,! sc5es s (t5 witness$ ^u ! slave coa/ ( ,africa became common 9 ,florida2 :ile ,georgia1 & ,alabama1 & ,florida1 af=d$ a class ( m5 9 no respect sup]ior 9 morals to ^? outlaws & pirates :o pursue ! =eign slave trade4 ,! dang]s ?reat5+ ! ,exiles n[ became imm95t4 ,!y saw cle>ly !y 7 to be enslav$1 or compell$ to resort to arms 9 def5se ( _! lib]ties4 ,_! entire influ5ce 0 ex]cis$ to prev5t emigration1 z !y fe>$ t w\ld subject !m to ,creek jurisdiction & enslavem5t4 ,^! objections 7 made kn[n to ! ,dep>tm5t at ,wa%+ton by ! ,ag5t ( ! ,sem9oles1 ,wiley ,?ompson1 :o1 9 pla9 & unmi/akable language1 in=m$ ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 t ! pr9cipal objection to remov+ ,we/ :i* op]at$ ^u ! m9ds ( ! ,sem9oles arose f ! claim ( ! ,creeks to ^? p :o _h fl$ f ,georgia prior to #ahjb1 & ext5d+ back to ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,revolution>y ,w>4 ,he assur$ ! ,dep>tm5t1 t if ! ,sem9oles 7 compell$ to remove ,we/1 ^! desc5dants ( ! ,exiles w\ld be enslav$ by ! ,creeks1 & if !y rema9$ 9 ,florida1 !y w\ld be enslav$ by ! :ites4 ,he told ! ,dep>tm5t 9 pla9 language1 t _m ( ^? negroes :o _h be5 born & rais$ among ! ,indians _h be5 enslav$ by ! p ( ,florida & ( ,georgia1 & 7 !n held 9 bondage4#ge ,among o!r (fic]s :o esp\s$ ! cause ( humanity at t p]iod1 s int]e/+ to ! ,exiles1 0 ! vet]an ,g5]al ,cl9*4 ,he 0 a man ( great probity ( "*--"o ( ! mo/ gallant (fic]s 9 ! s]vice--at ! "t 9 actual comm& ( ! troops 9 ,florida4 ,he _h long be5 acqua9t$ ) ! ,indians1 & no man p]haps bett] und]/ood ! "* ( ! ,exiles4 ,he _h tw5ty ye>s be=e comm&$1 ! troops at ! massacre ( ,bl\nt's ,=t1 & well und]/ood ! p]secutions to :i* ! ,exiles _h be5 subject$4 ,9 /rong language1 he po9t$ out ! wrong ab\t to be p]petrat$ ^u !m1 z well z ^u ! ,sem9oles4 ,he in=m$ ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 9 direct & positive language1 t if ! ,sem9oles & _! negro allies 7 s5t ,we/1 ! negroes w\ld be enslav$ by ! ,creeks4#gf ,hon4 ,john ,h4 ,eaton1 ,gov]nor ( ,florida1 a w>m p]sonal & political fri5d ( ! ,presid5t1 9 :om x 0 believ$ ! ,executive repos$ great confid5ce1 also wrote ! dep>tm5t1 del9eat+ ! wrongs ab\t to be p]petrat$ ^u ^! color$ p1 :o = sev]al g5]ations _h resid$ ) ! ,sem9oles4 ,^! & o!r (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t unit$ 9 ! op9ion1 t ^! negroes1 z !y 7 g5]ally call$1 ex]t$ a controll+ influ5ce ov] ! ,indians1 & t x w\ld be 9 va9 to attempt ! removal ( ! ,indians "u ^! circum/ances4 ,to ^! remon/rances1 ! ,hon4 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,g5]al ,cass1 repli$1 ) app>5t det]m9ation to remove ! ,indians at any exp5se ( blood1 ( treasure1 & ( national reputation4 ,! appeals made to ! ju/ice ( our ,gov]nm5t 7 /igmatiz$ z ! prompt+s ( a false philan?ropy2 & our ag5ts & (fic]s 7 direct$ to in=m ! ,sem9oles1 9 p]emptory language1 t !y mu/ emigrate to ! we/]n c\ntry4 ,labor+ "u ! delusion t (ficial /ation w\ld add a controll+ influ5ce to 8 language1 ,g5]al ,cass transmitt$ to ! ,indian ,ag5t a spee*1 address$ to ! ,sem9oles & _! allies1 9 :i* he endeavor$ to p]suade !m to emigrate & jo9 ! ,creeks1 & subject !mselves to ,creek au?ority4 ,! ,sem9oles & _! fri5ds li/5$ to ! spee* ) t respectful att5tion :i* w\ld be expect$ f m5 :o knew _! lives & lib]ties 7 9 dang]4 ,x 0 at "o ( ^! consultations1 9 ! pres5ce ( _! ,ag5t1 t ,osceola1 at t "t a "y w>rior1 attract$ att5tion by say+1 ?is is ! only treaty ,i w ev] make ) ! :ites1 at ! same "t draw+ 8 knife & /rik+ x =cibly into ! table be=e him4#gg ,x 0 at ?is p]iod t ab&on$ :ite m5 conceiv$ ! plan ( buy+ negroes f ,sem9oles :ile 9 a /ate ( intoxication1 & sell+ !m to ! :ite p4 ,if !y c\ld get an ,indian drunk1 !y c\ld ( c\rse obta9 f him a bill ( sale ( any negro !y pleas$1 :e!r ! ,indian _h any title to him or n4 ,?is plan ( sep>at+ ! ,sem9oles f _! color$ fri5ds1 x 0 ?\ght w\ld conduce to _! removal4 ,applications to ent] ! ,indian ,t]ritory = ! purpose ( pur*as+ slaves 7 ref]r$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 & by ! latt] (fic] to ! ,attorney ,g5]al ,felix ,grundy1 :o gravely report$1 t he saw no good reason :y ! :ite p %\ld n be p]mitt$ to buy slaves ( ! ,indians2 & ! ,presid5t hav+ consid]$ ! matt]1 ord]$ p]mission to be grant$ = t purpose4 ,(fic]s :o 7 9 ,florida saw at once t ?is policy w\ld k9dle ! smo!r$ indignation ( ! ,indians & ,exiles into a flame4 ,! ,ag5t ( ! ,sem9oles1 refus+ to obey ! ord]s ?us giv51 remon/rat$ aga9/ ! policy 9 a lett] address$ to ! head ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 9 :i* he says3 ,! rem>k 9 y\r lett] t x is n presum$ ! condition ( ^! negroes 7! ,exiles7 w\ld be worse ?an t ( o!rs 9 ! same section ( c\ntry is true2 yet y w agree t ! same rem>k w\ld apply to y1 to me1 or to any o!r individual ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z we %\ld1 if subject$ to slav]y1 be 9 ! precise condition ( o!r slaves4 ,s g5]al & s great 0 ! indignation excit$ by ?is ord] = e/abli%+ a comm]ce 9 human fle% ) drunk5 ,sem9oles1 t x 0 soon aft] c\nt]m&$2 yet ! imm$iate emigration ( ! ,indians 0 urg$ ) increas$ e>ne/ness1 al?\gh ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,w> 0 in=m$ by ne>ly e (fic] 9 ! milit>y & ,indian s]vice ( ,florida1 t !y c\ld n be induc$ to emigrate1 s long z ! ,exiles %\ld be reg>d$ z 9 dang] ( be+ subject$ to ,creek au?ority4 ,b ! /]n decree _h gone =? t ! ,indians %\ld prep>e to emigrate ,we/ & jo9 ! ,creeks2 & ! necess>y prep>ations 7 hurri$ =w>d bo? 9 ! ,milit>y & ,civil ,dep>tm5ts ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,! ,exiles & ,sem9oles saw cle>ly ! t]rible alt]native to :i* !y 7 soon to be driv51 & !y turn$ _! att5tion to active prep>ations = ! conflict4 ,_! crops 7 c>efully secur$2 _! cattle driv5 f> into ! int]ior2 & _! wom5 & *ildr5 remov$ f ! fronti] to places ( safety4 ,!y omitt$ no opportunity ( secur+ p[d] & lead2 & :ile associat+ ) ! :ite p1 !y manife/$ a bold contempt & dislike = !m1 :i* gave gloomy =ebod+s ( ! future4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,! ,,second ,,sem9ole ,,w>4 ,! numb] ( ,exiles 9 ,florida--,spani% ,m>oons--,sem9ole ,slaves--,osceola--,8 ,p>5tage--,8 ,"*--,8 ,wife--,h] ,p>5tage & sad ,fate--,imprisonm5t ( ,osceola--,8 ,release--,he swe>s ,v5geance aga9/ ,mr4 ,?ompson--,decree ( ,g5]al ,c\ncil--,fate ( ,*>ley ,e4 ,ma?l]--,osceola & foll[]s seek ! life ( ,?ompson--,lay 9 wait ne> ,=t ,k+--,fate ( ,mr4 ,?ompson & ,lieut4 ,smi?--,( ! ,sutl] & 8 ,cl]ks--,g5]al ,cl9* ord]s ,major ,dade to ,=t ,k+--,! ,major seeks a fai?ful ,guide--,engages ! ,s]vices ( ,l\is1 a ,slave--,8 ,le>n+ & ,"*--,he m$itates ! ,massacre ( ,dade & 8 m5--,c\ncils ) ! ,exiles--,arranges ! plan ( ,massacre1 & in=ms !m ( ! "t--,exiles & ,indians r5dezv\s 9 ,wahoo ,swamp--,dade's ,approa*--,! prep>ation--,! ,massacre--,osceola & ,l\is--,! ,exiles & ,indians aga9 meet 9 ! ,swamp = ! night--,digression--,incid5ts4 ,! numb] ( ,exiles at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,second ,sem9ole ,w>1 has be5 v>i\sly e/imat$4 ,probably _! :ole numb]1 includ+ wom5 & *ildr51 0 n less ?an twelve hundr$4 ,to ^! may be add$ ! slaves belong+ to ! ,sem9oles1 e/imat$ at two hundr$1 mak+ a population ( f\rte5 hundr$ blacks4 ,mo/ ( ! slaves liv$ ) ! ,exiles1 sep>ate & ap>t f _! ma/]s1 pay+ a c]ta9 quantity ( vegetables annually1 = ! p>tial fre$om :i* !y enjoy$4 ,!re 7 _m half-bre$s1 h[ev]1 "s ( :om resid$ ) ! ,indians1 & o!rs 7 locat$ ) ! ,exiles4 ,! ,spani% population call$ ! ,exiles ,m>oons1 aft] a class ( free negroes :o inhabit ! m\nta9s ( ,cuba1 ,jamaica1 & o!r ,we/ ,indian isl&s4 ,inde$1 "s ( ! ,m>oons ( ,cuba appe> to h f\nd _! way to ,florida1#gh & _m ( ! ,exiles pass$ f t ,t]ritory to ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s4 ,_m (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t appe> to h kn[n or c>$ little = ^! p1 :ile o!rs manife/$ mu* intellig5ce & humanity 9 reg>d to !m4 ,we h already notic$ ! ef=ts ( ,mr4 ,?ompson1 ! ,indian ,ag5t1 ( ,colonel ,cl9*1 & ( ,colonel ,eaton1 9 behalf ( ! ,exiles1 :o _h long resid$ 9 ,florida4 ,dur+ ! summ]1 ! ,indians committ$ v>i\s depr$ations ^u ! :ite p1 su* z /eal+ horses & kill+ cattle2 b ! fir/ op5 ho/ilities occurr$ on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,decemb]1 :5 two important & bloody trag$ies took place1 :i* left ! c\ntry no long] 9 d\bt z to ! actual exi/5ce ( w>4 ,a "y & gallant w>rior1 nam$ ,osceola1 0 ! pr9cipal actor 9 "o ( ^! sc5es4 ,he 0 ! son ( an ,indian trad]1 a :ite man1 nam$ ,p[ell4 ,8 "m 0 ! daught] ( a ,sem9ole *ief4 ,he _h rec5tly m>ri$ a woman said to h be5 beautiful4 ,%e 0 ! daught] ( a *ief :o _h m>ri$ "o ( ! ,exiles2 b z all color$ p by slavehold+ laws are said to foll[ ! condition ( ! "m1 %e 0 call$ an ,african slave4 ,osceola 0 pr\d ( 8 ance/ry4 ,he hat$ slav]y1 & ^? :o practic$ ! hold+ ( slaves1 ) a bitt]ness t is b little und]/ood by ^? :o h nev] witness$ its revolt+ crimes4 ,he visit$ ,=t ,k+1 9 company ) 8 wife & a few fri5ds1 = ! purpose ( trad+4 ,mr4 ,?ompson1 ! ,ag5t1 0 pres5t1 &1 :ile engag$ 9 bus9ess1 ! wife ( ,osceola 0 seiz$ z a slave4 ,evid5tly hav+ negro blood 9 h] ve9s1 ! law pron\nc$ h] a slave2 &1 z no o!r p]son c\ld %[ title to h]1 ! pirate :o _h got possession ( h] body1 0 suppos$ ( c\rse to be h] own]4 ,illu/ration3 ,z4se4he4ho4l>4 7kn[n z ,osceola1 or ,p[ell47 ,osceola became frantic ) rage1 b 0 in/antly seiz$ & plac$ 9 irons1 :ile 8 wife 0 hurri$ away to slavehold+ pollution4#gi ,he rema9$ six days 9 irons1 :51 ,g5]al ,?ompson says1 he became p5it5t1 & 0 releas$4 ,f ! mom5t :5 ?is outrage 0 committ$1 ! ,florida ,w> may be reg>d$ z comm5c$4 ,osceola swore v5geance ^u ,?ompson1 & ^? :o assi/$ 9 ! p]petration ( ?is indignity ^u himself1 z well z ^u 8 wife1 & ^u our common humanity4 ,! ,exiles endeavor$ to /imulate ! ,indians to de$s ( valor4 ,9 g5]al c\ncil1 !y decre$ t ! fir/ ,sem9ole :o %\ld make any movem5t prep>atory to emigration1 %\ld suff] dea?4 ,*>ley ,e4 ,ma?l]1 a respect$ *ief1 soon aft] fell a victim to ?is decree4 ,osceola comm&$ ! p>ty :o slew him4 ,he _h sold a portion ( 8 cattle to ! :ites1 = :i* he _h receiv$ pay 9 gold4 ,?is money 0 f\nd ^u 8 p]son :5 he fell4 ,osceola =bade any "o t\*+ ! gold1 say+ x 0 ! price ( ! r$ man's blood1 & ) 8 own h&s he scatt]$ x 9 diff]5t directions z f> z he 0 able to ?r[ x4 ,b 8 *ief object appe>$ to h be5 ! dea? ( ,g5]al ,?ompson4 ,o!r ,indians & ,exiles 7 prep>+ = o!r important op]ations2 b ,osceola seem$ int5t1 8 :ole s\l 0 absorb$1 9 devis+ "s plan by :i* he c\ld safely rea* ,mr4 ,?ompson1 :o 0 ! object ( 8 v5geance4 ,he1 or "s ( 8 fri5ds1 kept con/ant wat* on ! movem5ts ( ,?ompson1 :o 0 unconsci\s ( ! dang] to :i* he 0 expos$4 ,osceola1 /eady to 8 purpose1 refus$ to be div]t$ f ?is favorite object4 ,?ompson 0 at ,=t ,k+1 & !re 7 b few troops to protect t =tress4 ,b ,indians seldom attempt an escalade1 & ,osceola s\ght an opportunity to take x by surprise4 ,) "s tw5ty foll[]s1 he lay secret$ ne> ! =t = days & weeks1 det]m9$ to f9d "s opportunity to ent] by ! op5 gate1 :5 ! troops %\ld be (f _! gu>d4 ,ne> ! close ( ,decemb]1 a runn] br\ght him in=mation t ,major ,dade1 ) 8 comm&1 0 to leave ,=t ,brooke on ! tw5ty-fif? ( t mon?1 & t ^? :o int5d$ to %>e 9 ! attack ^u t regim5t1 mu/ be at ! great ,wahoo ,swamp1 by ! ev5+ ( ! tw5ty-sev5?4 ,?is _h no effect :atev] ^u ,osceola4 ,no circum/ance c\ld )draw him f ! bloody purpose :i* fill$ 8 s\l4 ,on ! tw5ty-eigh?1 9 ! aft]noon1 z he & 8 foll[]s lay ne> ! road lead+ f ! =t to ! h\se ( ! sutl]1 :i* 0 ne>ly a mile di/ant1 !y saw ,mr4 ,?ompson & a fri5d approa*+4 ,t g5tleman & 8 companions _h d9$1 &1 on tak+ _! cig>s1 he & ,lieut4 ,smi?1 ( ! ,second ,artill]y1 _h salli$ =? = a walk1 & to enjoy conv]sation by !mselves4 ,at a signal giv5 by ,osceola1 ! ,indians fir$4 ,?ompson fell1 pi]c$ by f\rte5 balls2 ,smi? receiv$ ab\t z _m4#hj ,! %rill w>-:oop foll[$ ! s\nd ( ! rifles1 & al>m$ ! p at ! =t4 ,! ,indians imm$iately scalp$ _! victims1 & !n ha/5$ to ! h\se1 :]e ,mr4 ,rog]s1 ! sutl]1 & two cl]ks1 7 at d9n]4 ,^! ?ree p]sons 7 in/antly massacr$ & scalp$4 ,! ,indians took z _m valuable goods z !y c\ld c>ry1 & set fire to ! build+4 ,! smoke gave notice to ^? 9 ! =t ( ! fate t _h befall5 ! sutl] & 8 cl]ks4 ,b ! condition 9 :i* ! comm&ant f\nd 8 troops1 =bade 8 s5d+ out any consid]able =ce to asc]ta9 ! fate ( ,?ompson & 8 companion4 ,ne> nightfall1 a few d>+ spirits proce$$ up ! road to ! hommock1 & br\ght ! bodies to ! =t2 b ,osceola & 8 foll[]s _h ha/5$ _! flight1 n f fe> ( ! troops1 b ) ! hope ( jo9+ _! companions at ,wahoo 9 "t to engage 9 sc5es ( m g5]al int]e/4 ,g5]al ,cl9* _h =ese5 t ho/ilities 7 unavoidable1 &1 z e>ly z ! fifte5? ( ,novemb]1 _h s\ght to increase ! numb] ( troops at ,=t ,k+ by su* re9=cem5ts z c\ld be sp>$ f o!r /ations4 ,= ?is purpose1 he ord]$ ,major ,dade1 !n at ,=t ,brooke1 ne> ,tampa ,bay1 to prep>e 8 comm& = a m>* to ,=t ,k+4 ,! di/ance 0 "o hundr$ & ?irty miles1 ?r\gh an unsettl$ =e/1 mu* div]sifi$ ) swamps1 lakes & hommocks4 ,no (fic] nor soldi] c\ld be f\nd :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ! r\te1 & a guide 0 indisp5sable3 yet m5 compet5t to ! dis*>ge ( s important a tru/ 7 r>ely to be f\nd1 = ! lives ( ! regim5t might dep5d ^u ! intellig5ce & fidelity ( _! conductor4 ,at ?is po9t 9 our hi/ory1 ev5 be=e ! comm5cem5t ( g5]al ho/ilities1 we are l$ to ! acqua9tance ( "o ( ! mo/ romantic *>act]s :o bore "p 9 ! /irr+ sc5es ( t day4 ,on mak+ inquiry = a suitable guide1 ! att5tion ( ,major ,dade 0 direct$ to a color$ man nam$ ,l\is4 ,he 0 ! slave ( "o ( ! old & respectable ,spani% families1 nam$ ,pa*eco1 :o resid$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,=t ,brooke4 ,major ,dade appli$ to ! ma/]1 ,antonio ,pa*eco1 = in=mation conc]n+ 8 slave1 & 0 assur$ t ,l\is1 !n ne> ?irty ye>s ( age1 0 "o ( ! mo/ fai?ful1 intellig5t1 & tru/wor?y m5 he _h ev] kn[n4 ,he _h also be5 well br$1 0 polite1 accompli%$1 & le>n$4 ,he read1 wrote1 & spoke1 ) facility1 ! ,spani%1 ,fr5*1 & ,engli% languages1 & spoke ! ,indian1 & 0 p]fectly famili> ) ! r\te to ,=t ,k+1 hav+ frequ5tly travel$ x4 ,pleas$ ) ! "* & appe>ance ( ,l\is1 ,major ,dade ent]$ into an agreem5t ) ! ma/] = 8 s]vices 9 conduct+ ! troops ?r\gh ! =e/ to ,=t ,k+1 at ! rate ( tw5ty-five doll>s p] mon?1 & /at$ ! "t at :i* ! s]vice 0 to comm5ce4 ,! contract 0 made 9 ! pres5ce ( ,l\is1 :o li/5$ att5tively to ! :ole arrangem5t1 to :i* he ( c\rse gave 8 own cons5t4 ,l\is ,pa*eco 0 too enlight5$ to smo!r ! bett] sympa?ies ( ! human he>t4 ,he 0 well in=m$1 & und]/ood ! ef=ts t 7 mak+ to renslave 8 bre?r51 ! ,exiles4 ,) _m ( !m he _h long be5 acqua9t$2 he _h witness$ ! p]secutions to :i* !y _h be5 subject$1 ! outrages heap$ ^u !m1 & n[ saw cle>ly ! int5tion to subject !m to slav]y among ! ,creeks4 ,he _h sp5t 8 own life ?us f> 9 s]vitude1 &1 al?\gh 8 condition 0 reg>d$ ) envy by ! plantation s]vants ar\nd him1 he yet sigh$ = fre$om4 ,bless$ ) an intellect ( no ord9>y m\ld1 he reflect$ deeply ^u 8 condition1 & det]m9$ ^u 8 c\rse4 ,ho/ilities _h n yet comm5c$1 & he 0 9 ! daily habit ( conv]s+ ) ,indians1 & (t5 ) ,exiles4 ,he 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! "* ( ea*1 & knew ! m5 to :om he c\ld communicate important in=mation ) safety4 ,to a few ( ! ,exiles1 m5 ( integrity & boldness1 he imp>t$ ! facts t ,dade1 ) 8 troops1 w\ld leave ,=t ,brooke ab\t ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,decemb]1 = ,=t ,k+1 & t he1 ,l\is1 0 to act z _! guide2 t he w\ld conduct !m by ! trail lead+ ne> ! ,great ,wahoo ,swamp1 & po9t$ out ! prop] place = an attack4#ha ,?is in=mation 0 soon made kn[n to ! lead+ & active ,exiles1 & to a few ( ! ,sem9ole *iefs & w>riors4 ,! ,exiles1 consci\s t ! w> 0 to be wag$ on _! acc\nt1 7 anxi\s to give _! fri5ds "s suitable manife/ation ( _! pr[ess4 ,!y desir$ z _m ( ! ,exiles capable ( be>+ arms z c\ld assemble at a c]ta9 po9t 9 ! ,great ,wahoo ,swamp1 to meet !m !re z e>ly z ! tw5ty-sev5? ( ,decemb]1 arm$1 & prep>$ to comm5ce ! w> by a prop] demon/ration ( _! gallantry4 ,in=mation 0 s5t to ,osceola & 8 foll[]s1 invit+ !m to be pres5t4 ,!y 7 ly+ secret$ ne> ,=t ,k+1 too int5t ^u ! dea? ( ,?ompson to turn _! eyes = a mom5t f _! victim4 ,h[ev]1 _m o!r *iefs & w>riors assembl$ at ! "t & place designat$1 9 ord] to witness :at !y suppos$ w\ld be ! fir/ sc5e 9 ! great drama ab\t to be act$4 ,_! spies deta*$ = t purpose1 arriv$ at _! r5dezv\s almo/ h\rly1 br++ in=mation ( ! comm5cem5t ( ,dade's m>*1 ! numb] ( m5 =m+ 8 battalion1 & _! places ( encampm5t ea* night4 ,9 ! ev5+ ( ! tw5ty-sev5?1 _! patrols br\ght ^w t ,dade & 8 m5 _h arriv$ )9 ?ree miles ( ! po9t at :i* !y int5d$ to attack !m4 ,( c\rse e prep>ation 0 n[ made = plac+ !mselves 9 ambu% at an e>ly h\r1 along ! trail 9 :i* x 0 expect$ ! troops w\ld pass4 ,! sc\ts report$ t precisely "o hundr$ & t5 m5 con/itut$ ! =ce :i* !y expect$ to enc\nt]1 & ! (ficial report fully confirms ! accuracy ( _! intellig5ce4 ,! ,exiles look$ to ! com+ day ) great int5sity ( feel+4 ,m ?an two hundr$ ye>s s9ce1 _! ance/ors _h be5 piratically seiz$ 9 _! own c\ntry1 & =cibly torn f _! fri5ds--f ! l& ( _! nativity4 ,= a "t !y submitt$ to degrad+ bondage2 b m ?an a c5tury _h elaps$ s9ce !y fl$ f ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 & f\nd an asylum "u ,spani% law 9 ! wilds ( ,florida4 ,!re _! fa!rs & mo!rs _h be5 buri$4 ,!y _h (t5 visit$ _! graves1 & m\rn$ ov] ! sad fate to :i* _! race appe>$ to be doom$4 ,= fifty ye>s !y _h be5 subject$ to almo/ con/ant p]secution at ! h&s ( our ,gov]nm5t4 ,! blood ( _! fa!rs1 bro!rs & fri5ds1 massacr$ at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 0 yet unav5g$4 ,!y _h se5 individuals f among !m piratically seiz$ & enslav$4 ,_! fri5ds1 resid+ ) ,e-con-*attimico & ) ,walk]1 _h be5 op5ly & flagrantly kidnapp$1 & sold into int]m9able s]vitude1 :]e !y 7 !n sigh+ & moan+ 9 degrad+ bondage4 ,9 look+ =w>d1 !y read _! int5d$ doom1 cle>ly writt5 9 ! slave codes ( ,florida & ! adjo9+ ,/ates1 :i* c\ld only be avoid$ by _! mo/ det]m9$ resi/ance4 ,if !y behav$ wor?y ( m5 9 _! condition1 _! influ5ce ) _! savage allies w\ld be confirm$1 & !y w\ld be able to control _! action on subsequ5t occasions4 ,e consid]ation1 !re=e1 t5d$ to n]ve !m to ! "w ( dea? :i* lay be=e !m4 ,9 ! meantime1 _! victims 7 repos+ at only f\r or five miles di/ant 9 consci\s security4 ,_! encampm5t _h be5 select$ accord+ to milit>y sci5ce4 ,! m5 & (fic]s 7 encamp$ 9 sci5tific ord]4 ,_! gu>ds 7 plac$1 _! patrols s5t out1 & e precaution tak5 to prev5t surprise4 ,!y _h se5 s]vice1 & *e]fully enc\nt]$ its h>d%ips1 privations1 & dang]s1 b _h no suspicion ( ! fate t await$ !m on ! com+ day4 ,at e>ly dawn1 ! m5 7 p>ad$1 ! roll call$1 & ! ord] = regulat+ ! day's m>* giv54 ,!y 7 !n dismiss$ = breakfa/1 & at eight o'clock1 resum$ _! m>*1 & proce$$ on _! way 9 ! full expectation ( rea*+ _! de/9ation by ! ev5+ ( t day4 ,b ! insidi\s foe _h be5 equally vigilant4 ,!y _h left _! isl& encampm5t ) ! fir/ light ( ! morn+1 & ea* _h tak5 8 position along ! trail 9 :i* ! troops 7 expect$ to m>*1 b at "s ?irty or =ty y>ds di/ant4 ,ea* man 0 hidd5 by a tree1 :i* 0 to be 8 =tress dur+ ! expect$ action4 ,a few rods on ! o!r side ( ! trail lay a pond ( wat]1 ^: placid surface reflect$ ! glitt]+ rays ( ! morn+ sun4 ,all 0 peaceful & quiet z ! brea? ( summ]4 ,unsuspici\s ( ! hidd5 dea? :i* beset _! pa?way1 ! troops ent]$ ?is defile1 & pass$ along until _! re> _h come )9 ! range ( ! enemies' rifles1 :51 at a giv5 signal1 ea* w>rior fir$1 :ile 8 victim 0 9 full view & unprotect$4 ,"o-half ( t ill-fat$ b&1 includ+ ! gallant ,dade1 fell at ! fir/ fire4 ,! rema9d] 7 ?r[n into disord]4 ,! (fic]s endeavor$ to rally !m into l9e2 b _! enemy 0 unse51 & ere !y c\ld return an effective %ot1 a second dis*>ge f ! hidd5 foe laid "o-half _! rema9+ =ce pro/rate 9 dea?4 ,! survivors retreat$ a %ort di/ance t[>d _! encampm5t ( ! previ\s night1 &1 :ile mo/ ( ! ,exiles & ,indians 7 engag$ 9 scalp+ ! dead & tomahawk+ ^? :o 7 disabl$1 !y =m$ a ha/y brea/work ( logs = _! def5se4 ,!y 71 h[ev]1 soon inve/$ by ! enemy1 & ! few :o _h tak5 %elt] beh9d _! rude def5ses 7 ov]come & massacr$ by ! ,exiles1 :o conv]s$ ) !m 9 ,engli%1 & !n dispat*$ !m4#hb ,only two individuals beside ,l\is1 ! guide1 made _! escape4 ,_! gallant comm&]1 8 (fic]s & soldi]s1 ^: he>ts _h beat high ) expectation 9 ! morn+1 at ev5+ lay pro/rate 9 dea?2 & z ! sable victors relax$ f _! bloody "w1 !y congratulat$ ea* o!r on hav+ rev5g$ ! dea? ( ^? :o1 tw5ty ye>s previ\sly1 _h fall5 at ! massacre ( ,bl\nt's ,=t4 ,! loss ( ! alli$ =ces 0--?ree kill$ & five w\nd$4 ,aft] bury+ _! own dead1 !y return$ to ! isl& 9 ! swamp long be=e nightfall4 ,to ?is po9t1 !y br\ght ! spoils ( victory1 :i* 7 deem$ important = c>ry+ on ! w>4 ,night _h sc>cely clos$ ar\nd !m1 h[ev]1 :5 ,osceola & 8 foll[]s arriv$ f ,=t ,k+1 br++ intellig5ce ( ! dea? ( ,?ompson & ,lieut5ant ,smi?1 toge!r ) ! sutl] & 8 two cl]ks4 ,!re1 too1 0 ,l\is1 ! guide to ,dade's comm&4 ,he 0 n[ free6 ,he engag$ 9 conv]sation ) 8 sable fri5ds4 ,well kn[+ ! "t & place at :i* ! attack 0 to be made1 he _h pr(ess$ necessity = /opp+ by ! way-side be=e ent]+ ! defile2 ?us sep>at+ himself f ! troops & f dang]4 ,soon z ! fir/ fire %[$ him ! precise position ( 8 fri5ds1 he jo9$ !m2 & swe>+ et]nal ho/ility to all :o enslave _! fell[ m51 l5t 8 own ef=ts 9 c>ry+ =w>d ! "w ( dea?1 until ! la/ individual ( t doom$ regim5t sunk b5ea? _! tomahawks4 ,! massacre ( ! un=tunate ,dade & 8 companions1 & ! murd] ( ,?ompson & 8 fri5ds1 at ,=t ,k+1 occurr$ on ! same day1 & con/itut$ ! op5+ sc5es ( ! second ,sem9ole ,w>4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdg4 ,we bespeak ! indulg5ce ( ! read]1 :ile we digress f ! *ronological n>ration ( ev5ts :i* foll[$ consecutively ^u ?is op5+ ( ! second ,sem9ole ,w>1 9 ord] to give a %ort sket* ( "s incid5ts :i* occurr$ 9 ,congress1 & 7 connect$ ) ! employm5t ( ,l\is1 & 8 subsequ5t s]vice ) ! enemy4 ,twelve ye>s aft] ! massacre ( ,dade's comm&1 ,antonio ,pa*eco pres5t$ 8 petition to ,congress1 sett+ =? t he _h be5 ! own] ( a valuable slave nam$ ,l\is2 t he hir$ him z guide to ,major ,dade to conduct 8 comm& f ,=t ,brooke to ,=t ,k+2 t at ! "t ( ,dade's defeat1 ,l\is _h be5 captur$ by ! ,indians1 & by !m _h be5 subsequ5tly surr5d]$ to ,major ,g5]al ,jessup1 & by t (fic] s5t to ! ,indian c\ntry1 we/ ( ! ,mississippi1 :]eby he became lo/ to 8 own]1 :o1 !re=e1 pray$ ,congress to grant him full indemnity = 8 loss4 ,among ! pro(s accompany+ ?is petition 0 a lett] f ,g5]al ,jessup1 sett+ =? t1 aft] ,l\is _h be5 employ$ to act z guide1 he _h kept up a correspond5ce ) ! ,sem9ole negroes1 in=m+ !m ( ! int5d$ m>* ( ,major ,dade1 etc4 ,he also repres5t$ ,l\is z a man ( extraord9>y intellect & le>n+1 decl>+ t he reg>d$ him z a dang]\s man2 t he w\ld h _h him tri$ & hang$1 in/ead ( s5d+ him ,we/1 if he _h f\nd leisure to att5d to x2 t f prud5tial motives he _h s5t him to ! ,indian c\ntry2 & /at$ t he 0 wor? a ?\s& doll>s4 ,! case 0 mo/ int]e/+ 9 its "*4 ,l\is 0 probably ! mo/ dang]\s enemy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at t "t 9 ,florida4 ,) 8 intellig5ce1 he mu/ h felt an invet]ate ho/ility to ! ,gov]nm5t & ! p1 :o robb$ him ( 8 mo/ sacr$ "r to lib]ty4 ,probably 8 =m] ma/] & family 7 9 great] dang] f 8 v5geance ?an any o!r p]sons4 ,he _h surr5d]$ to ,g5]al ,jessup z prison] ( w> ) arms 9 8 h&s2 _h be5 treat$--v prop]ly treat$--z a prison] ( w>3 !re=e1 ! ma/] call$ on ! p ( ! nation to pay him a ?\s& doll>s = protect+ him1 8 family1 fri5ds & nation f ! fury ( 8 own slave2 & ,g5]al ,jessup & _m ,nor!rn ,repres5tatives ex]t$ _! p]sonal & political influ5ce to su/a9 ! claim4 ,! petition & accompany+ pap]s 7 ref]r$ to ! committee on ,milit>y ,affairs1 a majority ( :om 7 kn[n to be favorable to ! int]e/s ( slav]y4 ,at ! head ( x 0 ! ,hon4 ,armi/$ ,burt1 ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 a man ( intellig5ce & influ5ce4 ,he appe>$ devot$ to ! int]e/s ( ! peculi> in/itution4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdh4 ,hav+ exam9$ ! case1 he pres5t$ x to ! consid]ation ( ! committee1 & a majority at once agre$ to su/a9 a bill giv+ to ! own] a fair comp5sation = ! loss ( 8 slave4 ,! ,*airman agre$ to draw up a report su/a9+ ! bill1 & pres5t x to ! committee ! next morn+4 ,hon4 ,john ,dickey1 ( ,beav] ,c\nty1 ,p5nsylvania1 n[ deceas$1 0 also a memb] ( ! committee4 ,he bo>d$ at ! same h\se ) ! au?or ( ?is n>rative4 ,:ile at tea t ev5+1 ,mr4 ,dickey rem>k$1 t 8 committee 7 ab\t to report a bill to pay = ?is slave1 & said1 if he 7 famili> ) ! subject1 he w\ld draw up a m9ority report aga9/ ! bill4 ,a g5tleman sitt+ at ! table rem>k$1 t o!r g5tlem51 :o 7 famili> ) ! subject1 w\ld d\btless feel will+ to l5d him any aid 9 _! p[]4 ,all h[ev] agre$1 t an ev5+ 0 too %ort a "t to draw up a suitable report on s important a "q2 yet x 0 kn[n t slavehold]s controll$ ! action ( ! ,h\se1 & !y %[$ no c\rtesy to ^? oppos$ to ! peculi> in/itution1 & w\ld ( c\rse grant no "t to draw up a m9ority report4 ,aft] tea1 ,mr4 ,dickey & ano!r g5tleman retir$ to a room by !mselves1 & be=e sunrise ! next morn+1 _h complet$ ! report1 :i* n[ appe>s among ! ,h\se ,docum5ts1 ,?irtie? ,congress1 fir/ session1 numb]$ #ahg1 fill+ sixte5 heavy octavo pages ( pr9t$ matt]4 ,at t5 o'clock ! committee met1 &1 hav+ li/5$ to ! report ( _! ,*airman1 !y 7 call$ on to he> t ( ,mr4 ,dickey1 :i* took di/9ct & unmi/akable gr\nds aga9/ ! "r ( m5 to hold _! fell[-be+s z prop]ty1 "u ! ,f$]al ,con/itution4 ,?is case furni%es ! fir/ in/ance 9 :i* ! records ( ! nation %[ a m9ority report f any committee aga9/ slav]y4 ,mr4 ,dickey1 hav+ tak5 8 position1 /ood firmly ^u ! doctr9es he _h av[$ 9 8 report2 & ! o!r memb]s ( ! committee took _! *oice betwe5 ! report ( ,mr4 ,burt & t ( ,mr4 ,dickey4 ,g5]al ,dudley ,m>v91 ( ,new ,york1 ,g5]al ,james ,wilson1 ( ,new ,hamp%ire1 & ,hon4 ,david ,fi%]1 ( ,ohio1 sign$ ! report ( ,mr4 ,dickey2 :ile ! f\r ,democratic memb]s1 all ( :om resid$ 9 ! slave ,/ates1 sign$ t ( ,mr4 ,burt4 ,s f> z ! committee 7 conc]n$1 ! five ,democratic memb]s assum$ ! position n[ occupi$ by t p>ty1 to wit1 t "u our ,f$]al ,con/itution1 man may hold1 sell & transf] human be+s z prop]ty2 :ile ! f\r ,:ig memb]s bas$ _! action ^u ! doctr9e n[ occupi$ by ! ,republican p>ty--t1 "u our ,f$]al ,con/itution1 m5 _c be trans=m$ into brutes2 nor c "o man hold prop]ty 9 ano!r4 ,! reports ( ! majority & m9ority 7 pr9t$1 & attract$ att5tion among ! memb]s2 b ! bill did n come up = discussion until ! next session4 ,on ! tw5ty-?ird ( ! foll[+ ,decemb]1 ! committee ( ! :ole ,h\se1 9 pass+ ?r\gh its cal5d> ( private claims1 rea*$ ?is case4 ,mr4 ,dickey l$ (f 9 a %ort1 b well-arrang$ argum5t1 su/a9+ 8 report4 ,8 rem>ks 7 s well direct$ & s p]t95t1 t1 ne> ! close ( 8 spee*1 ,mr4 ,burt call$ him to ord]1 = discuss+ ! subject ( slav]y4 ,^u ! conclusion ( ,mr4 ,dickey's rem>ks1 ,g5]al ,wilson ( ,new ,hamp%ire obta9$ ! floor1 & ! ,h\se adj\rn$4 ,! bill did n come up aga9 = discussion until ! tw5ty-n9?4 ,be=e go+ into committee on t day1 ,mr4 ,rockwell1 ( ,connecticut1 ,*airman ( ! committee on ,claims1 (f]$ a resolution clos+ debate on ?is bill at half-pa/ "o o'clock1 all[+ b "o h\r & a qu>t] = ! discussion ( ?is important "q1 :i* n[ agitates ! :ole ,union2 b x 0 reg>d$ at t "t z m]itori\s 9 any memb] to prev5t agitation ( ! subject ( slav]y1 & ! resolution pass$ ) little opposition4 ,:5 ! ,h\se resolv$ itself into committee ( ! :ole1 ,mr4 ,wilson1 ( ,new ,hamp%ire1 deliv]$ 8 views1 su/a9+ ! report ( ! m9ority ( ! committee2 mak+ ! "q di/9ctly to dep5d ^u ! "r ( m5 to hold prop]ty 9 m51 "u ! ,f$]al ,con/itution4 ,mr4 ,br[n1 ( ,mississippi1 foll[$ 9 a few rem>ks1 tak+ /rong gr\nd 9 favor ( ! pr9ciple1 t slaves are prop]ty1 to ! same ext5t t horses & cattle are prop]ty4 ,mr4 ,cabel1 ( ,florida1 foll[$ 9 a few words to ! same po9t4 ,"h ! "t = clos+ ! debate arriv$2 b ,mr4 ,burt1 hav+ report$ ! bill1 held ! "r to speak "o h\r1 "u ! rules1 9 reply to ^? :o oppos$ its passage4 ,he _h evid5tly expect$ ! bill w\ld pass )\t s]i\s opposition1 & _h become some:at excit$ by ! difficulties ) :i* he _h to cont5d2 confid5t h[ev] ( f9al success1 he at once decl>$ ! only "q to be1 t ( prop]ty 9 human fle%4 ,_m ,nor!rn m5 7 unwill+ to meet ?is bald "q4 ,mr4 ,collam]1 ( ,v]mont1 int]rupt$ ,mr4 ,burt1 inquir+1 if !re 7 n o!r que/ions ( law involv$8 ,burt repli$1 ) "s degree ( arrogance1 t he w\ld leave no o!r loop-hole = g5tlem5 to escape4 ,?is sup]cili\s be>+ ( ,mr4 ,burt greatly delight$ "s ,nor!rn memb]s1 :ile x appe>$ greatly to emb>rass o!rs2 b 8 spee* 0 ! la/1 &1 !re be+ no opportunity = reply1 e ?+ gave promise ( a triumphant victory to ! slavehold]s4 ,aft] ! conclusion ( ?is spee*1 ! vote 0 tak5 9 committee1 :]e no record 0 kept1 & /ood = ! bill sev5ty1 aga9/ x =ty-f\r--! majority be+ ev5 great] ?an ! slavehold]s expect$4 ,! bill 0 !n report$ to ! ,h\se1 & ,mr4 ,cr[ell1 ( ,ohio1 mov$ to lay x on ! table1 & call$ = ! yeas & nays2 & ! record$ vote /ood1 ayes sixty-six1 noes eighty-five--be+ a majority ( n9ete5 9 favor ( ! claim4 ,! bill 0 !n ord]$ to a ?ird read+ )\t division4 ,soon z ?is result 0 ann\nc$1 ! ,au?or mov$ a reconsid]ation ( ?is vote4 ,! reconsid]ation be+ a privileg$ "q1 he held ! floor1 & 0 proce$+ to deliv] 8 views1 b gave way = an adj\rnm5t4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdi4 ,on ! six? ( ,janu>y1 ! bill aga9 came up 9 ! regul> ord] ( bus9ess1 & ,mr4 ,gidd+s conclud$ 8 rem>ks4 ,he endeavor$ to meet ! arrogance ( ,mr4 ,burt1 cle>ly & z fully z 8 abilities w\ld p]mit4 ,he accept$ ! *all5ge ?r[n out by t memb]1 t he w\ld leave no o!r loop-hole = g5tlem5 to escape1 ?an by meet+ ! "q ( prop]ty 9 human fle%4 ,to ?is po9t he direct$ 8 rem>ks1 attempt+ to %[ ! doctr9e ( ,mr4 ,burt to be oppos$ to ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 to civilization1 to ! dictates ( our common humanity4#hc ,:5 he conclud$ 8 rem>ks1 he )drew 8 motion to reconsid]1 9 ord] to te/ ! s5se ( ! ,h\se on ! passage ( ! bill1 :i* w\ld be ! next "q 9 ord]4 ,z ! roll 0 call$1 & ! votes giv51 ! result became d\btful1 & mu* int]e/ 0 manife/$ 9 all p>ts ( ! hall4 ,! bill & discussion _h be5 ?ru/ ^u ! ,h\se by slavehold]s3 its :ole m]its 7 bas$ ^u ! mo/ vital pr9ciples ( slav]y4 ,! "q ( prop]ty 9 human fle%1 con/itutes "o ( ! ess5tial elem5ts ( ! in/itution1 )\t :i* x c\ld n survive "o h\r4 ,! slave p[] _h n = _m ye>s be5 defeat$ on any proposition t\*+ slav]y1 & x appe>$ pa9ful = ^? int]e/$ 9 t in/itution to h _! influ5ce d\bt$4 ,! ,cl]k 7a deputy7 0 engag$ a long "t 9 c\nt+ ! votes1 & asc]ta9+ ! result4 ,he 0 a slavehold]1 & appe>$ p]plex$2 "s memb]s1 ev5 be=e he made report ( ! vote1 express$ d\bts ( 8 accuracy4 ,at l5g? he pass$ 8 report to ! ,*air4 ,! ,speak]1 ,mr4 ,w9?rop ( ,massa*usetts1 ca/+ 8 eye ^u ! figures1 rose f 8 seat1 & ann\nc$ ! vote--ayes n9ety1 noes eighty-n9e1 & !n rem>k+ t ! rules ( ! ,h\se made x 8 duty to vote 9 all cases :5 su* vote w\ld *ange ! result1 began to give 8 reasons = ! vote he 0 ab\t to record1 & z he proce$$ x became evid5t t he 0 oppos$ to ! bill4 ,! ,cl]k !n h&$ him ano!r pap]1 & ! ,speak]1 aft] read+ x1 ann\nc$ t ! ,cl]k _h mi/ak5 ! vote1 & )\t say+ m1 ann\nc$--ayes n9ety-"o1 noes eighty-n9e1 & decl>$ ! bill pass$4 ,! int]e/ _h n[ become int5se 9 all p>ts ( ! hall4 ,x 0 p]fectly natural t m5 %\ld be suspici\s ( ! ,cl]k4 ,mr4 ,dickey1 9 p>ticul>1 _h tak5 a deep int]e/ 9 ! "q4 ,he 0 sitt+ ne> ! ,au?or1 & express$ freely ! op9ion1 t ! ,cl]k _h report$ ! vote incorrectly4 ,s /rong 0 ?is belief1 t he w5t to ! ,cl]k1 & dem&$ a copy ( ! record giv+ ! ayes & noes4 ,! ,cl]k promis$ to give x soon4 ,dickey wait$ a %ort "t1 & r5ew$ 8 call on ! ,cl]k1 :o aga9 promis$4 ,dickey1 aft] wait+ a prop] "t1 w5t to ! ,cl]k's table1 & took ! record ( yeas & nays1 & br\ght x to ! seat ( ! ,au?or1 & reque/$ 8 assi/ance 9 c\nt+ ! vote4 ,!y c\nt$ & re-c\nt$ sev]al times1 b 7 unable to make ! vote o!r ?an eighty-n9e ayes1 & eighty-n9e noes--%[+ a tie vote2 :i*1 )\t ! ,speak]'s vote1 w\ld h defeat$ ! bill4 ,dickey return$ ! record to ! ,cl]k1 & !n call$ ! att5tion ( ! ,h\se & ! ,speak] to ! fact1 t ! ,cl]k _h inaccurately report$ ! vote4 ,! ,speak] repli$1 if an error _h occurr$1 ! prop] "t to correct x w\ld be ! next morn+1 on read+ ! ,j\rnal1 :5 a motion to correct ! entry w\ld be 9 ord]1 9 pref]5ce to any o!r bus9ess4 ,on look+ ov] ! li/1 x 0 subsequ5tly discov]$1 t ! vote ( ,hon4 ,john ,w4 ,f>relly ( ,craw=d c\nty1 ,p5nsylvania1 0 n record$4 ,?is add$ int5sity to ! int]e/ already felt on ! subject4 ,! next meet+ ( ! ,h\se 0 on ,monday1 :5 ! ,speak] recit$ ! facts z !y occurr$ on ,saturday1 & decl>$ t1 on a m c>eful exam9ation1 x 0 f\nd t ! vote /ood--ayes eighty-n9e1 noes eighty-n9e4 ,mr4 ,f>relly inquir$1 if 8 vote 0 record$8 ,! ,speak] in=m$ him x 0 n1 b t x 0 8 "r to h x record$1 if he _h actually vot$ on ! passage ( ! bill4 ,t g5tleman decl>$ t he _h vot$ no1 on ! passage ( ! bill1 & ! vote be+ record$1 ! ,speak] decl>$ ! result to be ayes eighty-n9e1 noes ,,n9ety1 & !n ann\nc$ ! bill lo/6 ,! fri5ds ( fre$om 7 greatly *e]$1 f ! consid]ation1 t p>ty ties _h n be5 /rong en\gh to control memb]s on ?is important vote4 ,( ! tw5ty-"o memb]s f ,ohio1 only ,mr4 ,rit*ey ( ,p]ry1 ,mr4 ,cumm9s ( ,tusc>awas1 & ,mr4 ,taylor ( ,ross1 vot$ ) ! slavehold]s2 :ile su* ,democrats z ,messrs4 ,f>an1 ,fries1 ,k5non1 ,lamb1 ,mill]1 ,morris1 ,sawy] & ,/>kwea!r vot$ aga9/ ! doctr9e t m5 & wom5 may be held & treat$ z prop]ty4 ,inde$1 !re 7 b few ,repres5tatives f ! free ,/ates will+ to recognize t doctr9e4 ,no memb] f ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,massa*usetts1 ,rhode ,isl&1 ,connecticut1 ,v]mont1 ,mi*igan1 ,wiscons9 or ,i[a vot$ = x4 ,f ,ma9e1 ,messrs4 ,clapp1 ,cl>ke & ,williams2 f ,new ,york1 ,messrs4 ,birdsal1 ,mc,clay1 ,murphy1 ,necoll & ,tallmadge2 f ,p5nsylvania1 ,messrs4 ,brady1 ,bridges1 ,brodhead1 ,*>les ,br[n1 ,c4 ,j4 ,+]sol1 ,lev9 & ,job ,mann2 f ,indiana1 ,messrs4 ,dunn1 ,r4 ,w4 ,?ompson & ,wick2 & f ,ill9ois1 ,messrs4 ,mc,clernand & ,ri*>dson vot$ to pay ,pa*eco a ?\s& doll>s1 because ,g5]al ,jessup s5t a mo/ dang]\s enemy out ( ,florida4 ,mr4 ,burt1 & ! fri5ds ( slav]y g5]ally1 appe>$ irritat$ by defeat4 ,!y _h driv5 _! ,nor!rn allies to revolt4 ,! m !y reflect$ ^u ! subject1 ! m important ! issue appe>$4 ,!y _h caus$ great agitation1 :ile pr(ess+ to deprecate all discussion 9 reg>d to slav]y4 ,if slaves 7 n prop]ty "u ! ,f$]al ,con/itution1 !y mu/ be reg>d$ z p]sons4 ,if ! civiliz$ _w look$ ^u !m z p]sons1 ^? :o held !m 9 bondage mu/ ( c\rse be consid]$ z oppressors ( mank9d1 & c\ld h no claim to ! title ( ,democrats or ( ,*ri/ians4 ,9 e po9t ( view1 ! result appe>$ disa/r\s to ! slave p[]4 ,x 0 "u ^! circum/ances1 t ! ,hon4 ,william ,sawy] ( ,ohio1 0 induc$ to move a reconsid]ation ( ! vote by :i* ! bill 0 lo/4 ,f ! fact t none b ^? vot+ 9 ! negative c\ld by ! rules ( ! ,h\se move a reconsid]ation1 & t he subsequ5tly vot$ aga9/ 8 own motion1 x is probable he made x f p]sonal k9dness to ^? :o support$ ! bill4 ,on ?is motion1 a long discussion subsequ5tly arose1 :i* did n t]m9ate until ! n9ete5? ( ,janu>y1 :5 ! motion to reconsid] prevail$1 & on ! f9al passage ( ! bill ! vote /ood--ayes #aja1 noes #ie4 ,s ! bill 0 pass$ by ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & ! /ruggle 9 t body t]m9at$4 ,b ! bill 0 nev] br\ght up = discussion 9 ! ,s5ate1 & ! claim 0 nev] m mov$ 9 ei!r ,h\se ( ,congress4 ,! "q ( prop]ty 9 human fle%1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to be discuss$ by ! p1 & 9 ,congress1 until x has become "o ( ! great issues on :i* political p>ties n[ base _! action4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,note4--,! life ( ?is slave ,l\is is p]haps ! mo/ romantic ( any man n[ liv+4 ,born & re>$ a slave1 he f\nd means to cultivate 8 intellect--0 fond ( read+2 & :ile g5tlem5 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 7 engag$ 9 discuss+ ! value ( 8 bones & s9ews1 he c\ld probably speak & write m languages ) ease & facility ?an any memb] ( t body4 ,9 rev5ge = ! oppression to :i* he 0 subject$1 he conceiv$ ! purpose ( sacrific+ a regim5t ( :ite m51 :o 7 engag$ 9 ! support ( slav]y4 ,?is object effect$1 he ass]t$ 8 own natural "r to fre$om1 jo9$ 8 bre?r51 & made bloody w> ^u ! enemies ( lib]ty4 ,= two ye>s1 he 0 ! /eady companion ( ,coacoo*ee1 or1 z he 0 aft]w>ds call$1 ,wild ,cat1 :o subsequ5tly became ! mo/ w>like *ief 9 ,florida4 ,!y trav]s$ ! =e/s ( t t]ritory toge!r1 wad+ ?r\gh swamps & ev]glades1 grop+ _! way ?r\gh hommocks1 & glid+ ov] prairies4 ,!y biv\ack$ toge!r2 suff]$ heat & cold1 hung] & ?ir/1 toge!r4 ,= two ye>s1 !y /ood %\ld] to %\ld] 9 e battle2 %>$ _! victories & defeats toge!r2 & :5 ,g5]al ,jessup _h pl$g$ ! fai? ( ! nation t all ,indians :o w\ld surr5d] %\ld be protect$ 9 ! enjoym5t ( _! slaves1 ,wild ,cat appe>$ at head qu>t]s1 foll[$ by ,l\is1 :om he claim$ z 8 prop]ty1 "u slavehold+ law1 z he said he _h captur$ him at ! "t ( ,dade's defeat4 ,! ruse took4 ,g5]al ,jessup1 be+ a slavehold]1 & believ+ t slaves1 l horses & cattle1 7 ! subjects ( capture1 imm$iately s5t ,l\is ) o!r black w>riors to ,=t ,pike1 ne> ,new ,orleans1 & !nce ) ! fir/ emigrat+ p>ty ( ,sem9oles to ! we/]n c\ntry1 :]e he 0 ?ree ye>s subsequ5tly jo9$ by ,coacoo*ee1 & ^! fri5ds1 aga9 unit$1 became intimate1 %>+ toge!r ! =tunes :i* await$ !m1 ( :i* we %all speak 9 due "t4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,ho/ilities ,,cont9u$4 ,! ,allies 9 _! ,camp--,news ( ,g5]al ,cl9*'s advance--,two hundr$ m5 volunte] to meet him--,8 =ce--,! ,allies await 8 approa* 9 ambu%--,he crosses ! riv] 9 ano!r place--,!y attack him--,! battle--,8 intrepidity saves 8 army--,! loss ( ! ,allies--,! loss ( ,g5]al ,cl9*--,escape ( ,florida slaves--,_! blood-?ir/y conduct--,families murd]$--,dwell+s burn$--,inhabitants flee to villages--,_! suff]+--,effects ( ! ,w>--,g5]al ,jackson--,memb]s ( ,congress--,g5]al ,cass--,8 views & policy--,ord]s ,g5]al ,scott to ,florida--,g5]al ,ga9es moves ^u ,florida ) 8 ,brigade--,rea*es ! sc5e ( ,dade's massacre--,buries ! dead--,visits ,=t ,k+--,:ile return+1 is attack$--,ino1 ! ,exile ,*ief--,8 "*--,! ,allies surr\nd ,g5]al ,ga9es--,8 position--,is closely inve/$--,s5ds = assi/ance--,provisions fail--,unau?oriz$ ,int]f]5ce ( ,cs>--,flag ( ,truce--,g5]al ,cl9* arrives1 & fires ^u ! ,allies--,!y flee--,g5]al ,ga9es returns to ,=t ,brooks--,g5]al ,cl9* returns to ,=t ,drane4 ,! night aft] ! massacre ( ,dade & 8 companions 0 sp5t 9 exultation by ! allies4 ,osceola & 8 fri5ds br\ght ) !m f ! sutl]'s /ore v>i\s goods1 ) :i* !y decorat$ _! p]sons2 :ile ! num]\s scalps tak5 f ! heads ( _! enemies1 7 display$ z trophies ( victory4 ,!y _h also f\nd among ! /ores ) :i* ,major ,dade's p>ty 7 provid$1 suffici5t rum & :isky to intoxicate mo/ ( !m1 & _! rejoic+s & felicitations cont9u$1 = h\rs1 amid ! d>kness ( night4 ,x 0 a late h\r 9 ! morn+ :5 !y awoke f ! /upor occasion$ by sev]e labors ( ! previ\s day1 & ! night's debau*4 ,be=e !y _h refre%$ !mselves ) ! morn+'s meal1 _! sc\ts arriv$1 br++ intellig5ce t troops 7 advanc+ t[>ds ! ,)lacoo*ee1 9 pursuit ( ,indians & ,exiles4 ,g5]al ,cl9* _h be5 ly+ at ,=t ,drane4 ,he cle>ly saw ! evid5ce ( approa*+ ho/ilities2 &1 al?\gh :olly unconsci\s ( ! dang] :i* _h ?reat5$ ,major ,dade1 _h felt x 8 duty to raise su* =ces z he c\ld comm&1 & advance into ! ,indian c\ntry z f> z ! ,)lacoo*ee4 ,he ga!r$ ab\t two hundr$ ,regul>s1 f ! #a/1 #b;d & #c;d ,artill]y1 &1 ) "s f\r hundr$ ,florida volunte]s1 "u ,g5]al ,c4 ,k4 ,call1 _h ne>ly rea*$ ! ,)lacoo*ee be=e ! captors ( ,dade 7 in=m$ ( 8 approa*4 ,ab\t two hundr$ w>riors1 fifty ( :om 7 ,exiles1 volunte]$ to meet ?is army1 ( ?ree times _! own numb]1 "u ! comm& ( "o ( ! mo/ able & gallant (fic]s at t "t 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,osceola & ,halpatt]-,tu/5uggee comm&$ ! allies4 ,!y ha/5$ to ! cross+ ( ! ,)lacoo*ee1 & !re lay await+ ! approa* ( ,g5]al ,cl9*4 ,"h ! wat] 0 n m ?an two feet 9 dep?1 & !y ent]ta9$ no d\bt t ! advanc+ =ces w\ld seek ?is place = ! purpose ( =d+ ! /ream4 ,"h !y wait$ until ! morn+ ( ! ?irtie?1 :5 !y le>n$ t ,g5]al ,cl9*1 ) 8 two hundr$ ,regul>s1 _h already pass$ ! /ream "s two miles bel[4 ,he _h effect$ 8 passage by ! aid ( a b>k canoe1 :i* c>ri$ only eight m5 at a "t4 ,hav+ atta9$ a position on ! s\? side ( ! riv] ) 8 ,regul>s1 ,g5]al ,cl9* 0 ready = battle2 al?\gh ! f\r hundr$ volunte]s 7 yet on ! nor? side ( ! /ream4 ,! ,indians & ,exiles imm$iately engag$ ^! vet]an troops1 al?\gh su/a9$ by a heavy =ce ( volunte]s1 :o 7 yet on ! opposite side ( ! riv]4 ,at twelve o'clock1 on ! ?irtie? ( ,decemb]1 ! cont5d+ =ces engag$1 & a sev]e & deadly conflict foll[$4 ,z ,osceola n[ = ! fir/ "t engag$ 9 battle1 he felt anxi\s to di/+ui% himself by 8 intrepidity4 ,8 voice 0 he>d on e "p ( ! field1 urg+ on 8 troops to de$s ( d>+4 ,undaunt$ by ! %rill w>-:oop1 & ! con/ant report ( ,indian rifles & ! :i/l+ balls ar\nd him1 ,g5]al ,cl9* *>g$ 8 enemy4 ,! allies fell back1 & he cont9ually advanc$ until he drove !m f ! ?ick hommock into ! op5 =e/4 ,! gallant g5]al coolly pass$ along ! l9es dur+ ! action enc\rag+ 8 m51 & /imulat+ !m to ef=t by 8 pres5ce & brav]y4 ,a ball pass$ ?r\gh 8 cap & ano!r ?r\gh ! sleeve ( 8 coat1 to :i* he paid no att5tion1 b cont9u$ to enc\rage 8 m54 ,! ,exiles also display$ unusual gallantry4 ,feel+s :i* _h desc5d$ f fa!r to son ?r\gh sev]al g5]ations1 _h be5 rec5tly inflam$ to ! highe/ degree ( indignant hatr$4 ,consci\s t !y 7 cont5d+ = _! homes1 _! firesides1 _! families1 _! lib]ties1 !y f\ght ) desp]ation1 & _! aim 0 fatal4 ,un=tunately1 ,osceola 0 w\nd$ & disabl$ e>ly 9 ! conte/1 & x 0 said t ! ,indians did n exhibit t undaunt$ firmness on ! field t 0 manife/$ by _! m dusky allies4 ,!y suff]$ less ?an our troops4 ,two negroes & "o ,indian 7 kill$1 & ?ree negroes & two ,indians w\nd$--! loss ( ! ,exiles be+ twice z great z t ( ! ,indians1 al?\gh !y numb]$ b "o-f\r? ( ! alli$ =ce4 ,! battle cont9u$ an h\r & tw5ty m9utes4 ,dur+ ?is "t1 ! regul> troops "u ,colonel ,cl9* 7 subject$ to a brisk fire1 & _! loss 0 sev]e4 ,eight m5 7 kill$ & =ty w\nd$1 ( :om ab\t "o-?ird di$ ( _! w\nds4 ,sev]al (fic]s 7 also w\nd$4 ,! militia consult$ _! own safety by refus+ to expose !mselves to ! fire ( ! enemy2 :ile ! regul> troops lo/1 9 kill$ & w\nd$1 ne>ly "o-f\r? ( _! numb]4 ,! allies drew (f1 leav+ ,colonel ,cl9* 9 possession ( ! field2 b ! victory _h be5 won at great exp5se ( blood2 & ! det]m9$ coolness & gallantry ( ! vet]an (fic] :o comm&$ our =ces1 sav$ !m f a total defeat4 ,! bl[s ?us f> _h fall5 mo/ heavily ^u our own troops4 ,x became evid5t1 t ! c>ry+ out ( ,g5]al ,jackson's policy1 ( remov+ ! ,exiles & ,indians f ,florida1 9 ord] to enc\rage & su/a9 slav]y1 0 to be att5d$ ) great sacrifice ( blood & treasure4 ,b :ile ! ,gov]nm5t & p 7 look+ at ^! unexpect$ exhibitions ( firmness & love ( lib]ty1 on ! "p ( ! alli$ =ces1 o!r sc5es 7 pres5t$ to _! view4 ,! fugitive slaves :o _h rec5tly left _! ma/]s 9 ,florida & jo9$ ! ,exiles1 7 /imulat$ ) t hatr$ :i* slav]y alone c eng5d] 9 ! human brea/4 ,!y ?ir/$ = rev5ge ^u ^? :o _h held !m 9 bondage2 :o _h sc\rg$ & tortur$ !m4 ,!y 7 acqua9t$ ) ! location ( ! small settlem5ts ?r\gh\t ! ,t]ritory4 ,unit+ ) ! m d>+ spirits among ! ,indians & ,exiles1 !y proce$$ rapidly & /eal?ily f plantation to plantation1 burn+ build+s1 de/roy+ prop]ty1 & scatt]+ deva/ation ?r\gh\t ! bord] settlem5ts2 at times murd]+ :ole families1 kill+ & scalp+ su* individuals z fell 9 _! way4 ,m5 :o _h urg$ on ! w> ) ! hope ( seiz+ & enslav+ ! m>oons ( ! int]ior1 n[ saw _! own plantations laid wa/e1 & 9 frequ5t in/ances m\rn$ ! loss ( wives & *ildr51 in/ead ( rejoic+ ov] captur$ slaves1 :om !y _h int5d$ to acquire by piratical =ce4 ,f>ms1 & ! small] villages on ! fronti]1 7 ab&on$ to ! enemy2 & ! inhabitants fl$ to ! l>g] villages1 :]e !y b&$ toge!r = mutual def5se4 ,! citiz5s ( ,florida :o _h petition$ ,g5]al ,jackson = ! =cible removal ( ! ,indians1 because !y fail$ to capture & return slaves1 7 n[ compell$ to flee1 ) _! families1 be=e ! infuriat$ s]vants :o _h left !m subsequ5tly to ! sign+ ( t petition4 ,driv5 f _! homes--_! prop]ty de/roy$1 _! s]vants fl$--_m families1 :o b a few mon?s previ\sly _h be5 reg>d$ z weal?y1 7 n[ suff]+ f ! want ( bread4#hd ,! :ole sc5e 0 calculat$ to impress /atesm5 & p ) t religi\s philosophy :i* tea*es1 t e violation ( ju/ice or ( moral pr9ciple1 is1 by ! immutable law ( ! ,creator1 insep>ably connect$ ) an appropriate p5alty4 ,all t ! ,exiles or ,indians _h ev] ask$ or desir$ ( ! ,am]ican ,gov]nm5t1 0 to leave !m to !mselves2 to p]mit !m to rema9 z !y 71 z !y _h be5 = _m g5]ations4 ,! w> on our "p _h n be5 comm5c$ = ! atta9m5t ( any high or noble purpose4 ,no desire to elevate mank9d1 or conf] b5efits ^u our race1 _h guid$ our national policy 9 comm5c+ ! w>4 ,our national influ5ce & milit>y p[] _h be5 put =? to renslave our fell[ m52 to trans=m immortal be+s into *attels1 & make !m ! prop]ty ( slavehold]s2 to oppose ! rights ( human nature2 & ! legitimate fruits ( ?is policy 7 ga!r$ 9 a pl5tiful h>ve/ ( crime1 blood%$ & individual suff]+4 ,! great body ( ! p 7 ignorant z to ! real causes ( ! w>4 ,g5]al ,jackson _h be5 popul> z a milit>y (fic]1 & 0 n less s z ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,) 8 political fri5ds 8 w 0 law4 ,! oppos+ political p>ty 7 comp>atively few 9 numb]s4 ,!y fe>$ 8 p[]2 & no memb] ( ei!r ,s5ate or ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives appe>$ will+ to expose ! great moral crimes :i* ! ,gov]nm5t 0 committ+ aga9/ humanity4 ,h5ce ,congress grant$ :atev] supplies 7 dem&$ = c>ry+ on ?is piratical w>1 & enabl+ ! ,presid5t to slay ^? :o refus$ to be enslav$4 ,sid5ote3 #ahcf4 ,g5]al ,cass1 a /atesman ) ^: "* ! pres5t g5]ation is famili>1 0 ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,on him devolv$ ! duty ( controll+ ! movem5ts ( ! army4 ,un=tunately = him & = mank9d1 he appe>s to h reg>d$ moral & political duties z sep>ate & di/9ct 9 _! "*4 ,he evid5tly believ$ t no moral turpitude 0 atta*$ to movem5ts ( ! army1 & ! outrages committ$ ^u ! ,indians & ,exiles1 9 ord] to compel !m to emigrate to ! we/]n c\ntry4 ,he ord]$ ,major ,g5]al ,scott to ! field1 z ,comm&+ ,g5]al ( ! army 9 ,florida 7,jan4 #bj71 ) au?ority to call on ! ,gov]nors ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ,georgia & ,alabama = su* troops z he %\ld deem necess>y4 ,g5]al ,eu/is1 comm&+ at ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 0 direct$ to repair at once to ,florida ) su* =ces z 7 /ation$ 9 t city & ,savannah1 & to accept ! s]vices ( su* numb] ( volunte]s z he might deem necess>y "u ! circum/ances4 ,major ,g5]al ,ga9es1 comm&+ ! we/]n milit>y dep>tm5t1 hold+ 8 head qu>t]s at ,new ,orleans1 he>+ ( ! sad fate ( ,major ,dade & 8 regim5t1 emb>k$ at once ) a brigade ( elev5 hundr$ m51 & rea*$ ,=t ,brooke on ! t5? ( ,janu>y4 ,on ! ?irte5?1 he took up 8 l9e ( m>* = ,=t ,k+1 & on ! n9ete5?1 encamp$ ^u ! same gr\nd :i* ,major ,dade _h occupi$ on ! night ( ! tw5ty-sev5? ( ,decemb]4 ,! next day !y took possession ( ! field ( massacre1 & buri$ ! bodies ( ^? :o _h fall5 9 t un=tunate conflict4 ,he !n proce$$ to ,=t ,k+1 :]e he arriv$ on ! tw5ty-second4 ,leav+ ,=t ,k+ on ! tw5ty-fif?1 he took a m we/]ly r\te back t[>d ,=t ,brooke4 ,on ! tw5ty-sev5?1 z he 0 seek+ a place at :i* to cross ! ,)lacoo*ee1 ! alli$ =ces op5$ a fire ^u 8 advanc$ gu>d f ! opposite bank4 ,! fir+ increas$ z o!r =ces 7 br\ght into action1 & cont9u$ = m ?an two h\rs1 ceas+ ) ! nightfall4 ,!re 7 resid5t at diff]5t po9ts ^u ! ,)lacoo*ee _m families ( ,exiles4 ,_! comm&] 0 nam$ ,ino ( :om ,g5]al ,jessup speaks 9 respectful t]ms4 ,he is said to h be5 _! pr9cipal c\nselor1 & "o ( ! mo/ important *iefs among ! ,exiles4 ,he1 & su* ( 8 m5 z c\ld be collect$1 ha/ily jo9$ ! alli$ =ces already 9 ! field1 & %>$ 9 ! dang]s ( t & ( sev]al foll[+ days4 ,bo? p>ties biv\ack$ ^u ! field1 on ! diff]5t sides ( ! riv]1 & at daylight ! next morn+ e man _h 8 arms 9 read9ess = r5ew+ ! conflict4 ,at sunrise1 ,g5]al ,ga9es mov$ d[n ! riv] ?ree miles1 :]e he expect$ to f9d a suitable =d2 b on rea*+ x1 ! ,indians & ,exiles op5$ a brisk fire ^u 8 m54 ,lieut5ant ,iz>d ( ! dragoons1 endeavor+ to rally 8 m5 to asc]ta9 ! possibility ( =d+ ! /ream1 fell by a %ot f ! opposite bank4 ,f9d+ x impossible to =d ! riv]1 attempts 7 made to con/ruct rafts2 b ! fire ^u ! m5 employ$ 0 s gall+ t !y 7 ord]$ back out ( ! range ( ! enemies' %ot4 ,dur+ ^! movem5ts1 ! ,exiles1 und]/&+ ! ,engli% language1 kept up a conv]sation ) ! :ites on ! opposite side ( ! riv]1 & taunt+ly defi$ !m4 ,g5]al ,ga9es 0 too well acqua9t$ ) ! ,indian mode ( w>f>e to attempt a retreat1 "u ! circum/ances ) :i* he 0 surr\nd$4 ,he at once dispat*$ an express to ,g5]al ,cl9*1 :o 0 at ,=t ,drane1 direct+ t (fic] to repair z soon z possible to 8 relief ) su* troops z he c\ld at ! mom5t br+ ) him4 ,g5]al ,ga9es soon aft] retir$ ) 8 =ces into a p9e b>r51 half a mile f ! riv]1 ?rew up a brea/work ( logs = ! protection ( 8 m51 & await$ re9=cem5ts4 ,! alli$ =ces 7 e/imat$ by ,g5]al ,ga9es at fifte5 hundr$1 ?\gh subsequ5t reports %[ !y did n exce$ five hundr$ ,indians & two hundr$ negroes4 ,he 0 imm$iately inve/$ 9 8 =tifi$ camp1 b he coolly await$ ! arrival ( ,g5]al ,cl9*4 ,z ! enemy cross$ ! riv] 9 l>ge =ces1 & became m bold 9 _! advances t[>d ! brea/work1 _! fire became m annoy+4 ,9 a few days 8 provisions 7 ne>ly exhau/$1 & 8 m5 appe>$ to feel unsafe1 & express$ solicitude = ! arrival ( ,g5]al ,cl9*4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,febru>y1 ! alli$ =ces made a vigor\s attack ^u ! =tifi$ camp1 b !y 7 repuls$ aft] an h\r ( /eady fir+4 ,on ?is day1 ,g5]al ,ga9es direct$ all ! corn 9 ! camp to be collect$ & dealt out to ! m5 9 equal quantities4 ,x gave to ea* "o p9t4 ,on ! ?ird1 !y comm5c$ kill+ horses1 & appropriat+ ! fle% to su/a9 ! lives ( ! m54 ,! fire ( ! alli$ =ces 0 kept up on ! f\r? & fif?1 :ile ! troops _h no?+ b horse fle% = food1 & no tid+s _h yet arriv$ f ,g5]al ,cl9*4 ,at ?is "t great en?usiasm prevail$ among ! allies4 ,_! wom5 7 at ! camp1 a mile di/ant1 ca/+ balls1 cook+ food = ! m51 & do+ :at !y c\ld to *e] !m on to victory1 :i* !y began to reg>d z almo/ c]ta94 ,9 ! meantime1 ! situation ( ,g5]al ,ga9es & 8 army 0 con/antly becom+ m critical4 ,8 troops 7 depress$ ) a s5se ( _! situation2 :ile ! allies 7 becom+ h\rly m en?usia/ic4 ,!y _h de/roy$ ,dade's regim5t2 _h ma9ta9$ a sev]e battle ) ,g5]al ,cl9* 9 ! op5 =e/4 ,!y knew _! p[]1 & t any attempt to retreat f !m w\ld be fatal2 :ile x w\ld be impossible = our troops to rema9 mu* long] 9 camp1 z _! /ock ( horses mu/ soon fail4 ,tw5ty-"o ye>s _h pass$ s9ce ,g5]al ,ga9es transmitt$ a lett] to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 giv+ ! fir/ (ficial notice t ! ,exiles 7 collect+ at ,bl\nt's ,=t4 ,he !n despis$ ! fri5dless p :o 7 seek+ lib]ty4 ,he _h himself detail$ ,colonel ,cl9* & ! regim5t "u 8 comm&1 att5d$ by ,creek ,indians1 ) ,g5]al ,jackson's ord]s to de/roy ! =t1 & return ! slaves to _! rightful own]s4 ,he !n call$ ! ,exiles outlaws1 suppos$ !m incapable ( tak+ c>e ( !mselves1 ev5 if 9 full possession ( _! lib]ty4 ,b he & 8 gallant army 7 n[ surr\nd$ by !m & _! fri5ds1 :o 7 kill+ 8 m5 :5ev] !y expos$ !mselves to view4 ,on ! fif? ( ,m>*1 he _h lo/ f\r m5 kill$ & ?irty w\nd$4 ,a circum/ance occurr$ on ! night ( ! fif? ( ,febru>y1 :i* has nev] be5 fully expla9$4 ,ab\t t5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 ,john ,cs>1 "o ( ! ,exiles resid+ at ,micanopy1 an old man & some:at ( a privileg$ "* among bo? ,indians & ,exiles1 advanc$ 9 ! d>kness ne> ! camp ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 & hail$ ! ne>e/ s5t9el on duty4 ,speak+ 9 good ,engli%1 ! s5t9el suppos$ him a mess5g] f ,g5]al ,cl9*2 b1 on le>n+ 8 true "*1 he 0 inquir$ ( z to 8 object4 ,he decl>$ t ! allies 7 tir$ ( fight+1 & wi%$ to come 9 & %ake h&s ) ,g5]al ,ga9es & 8 m54 ,he 0 told to come 9 ! morn+ ) a :ite flag4 ,cs> return$ to ! alli$ camp & report$ 8 conv]sation4 ,he _h spok5 to our troops z if au?oriz$1 :ile all ! *iefs & head-m5 d5i$ 8 au?ority1 & _m 7 = inflict+ ^u him ! p5alty ( imm$iate dea? = ?is unau?oriz$ act4 ,osceola1 n[ rais$ to ! dignity ( a *ief1 int]pos$ to save him4 ,he _h head$ ! p>ty :o put to dea? ,*>ley ,e4 ,ma?l]1 a bro!r *ief1 = cons5t+ to g ,we/1 & ) 8 own h&s _h scatt]$ ! gold f\nd on 8 p]son1 decl>+ x to be ! price ( ! r$ man's blood3 ,:ile n[ a black man1 "o ( _! allies1 _h committ$ a f> great] impropriety1 he int]pos$ to save him4 ,all agre$ t _! honor _h be5 pl$g$1 al?\gh ,cs> _h no au?ority = 8 conduct4#he ,! next day "s ( _! w>riors left 9 disgu/1 aft] x _h be5 det]m9$ to s5d 9 a flag ( truce1 accord+ to ,cs>'s agreem5t4 ,b ^? :o rema9$ to c>ry out ! arrangem5t1 =m$ at twelve o'clock into l9e1 "s =ty rods 9 ! re> ( ,g5]al ,ga9es's camp4 ,?ree ( _! numb]1 gaily dress$1 advanc$ ) a :ite flag4 ,adjutant ,b>r[ ( ! ,l\isiana ,volunte]s1 met !m4 ,osceola told him t he desir$ a talk ) ,g5]al ,ga9es4 ,:ile ^! arrangem5ts 7 go+ =w>d1 ,g5]al ,cl9* arriv$ 9 sight ( ! ,indians1 on 8 way to relieve ,g5]al ,ga9es4 ,see+ ! enemy ?us drawn up1 fac+ ! camp1 he at once deploy$ 8 column1 & op5$ a fire ^u !m4 ,! allies suppos+ !mselves to h be5 betray$ fl$ precipitately1 & ! =ces "u ,g5]al ,cl9* unit$ ) ^? "u ,g5]al ,ga9es4 ,x is said t up to ! "t ! allies receiv$ ! fire ( ,g5]al ,cl9*1 !y _h n lo/ a man4 ,t fire kill$ two ,indians & "o negro1 & w\nd$ five o!rs4 ,"o ( ! ,exiles1 resid+ ^u ! ,)lacoo*ee1 :o1 aft] ! compact ) ,g5]al ,jessup 9 #ahch1 surr5d]$1 ) o!rs1 & emigrat$ ,we/1 /at$ t he assi/$ ,osceola 9 c\nt+ ! /icks h&$ 9 by ea* w>rior engag$ 9 ?is affair1 & !re 7 sev5 hundr$ pres5t2 & ano!r bun* ( /icks numb]+ "o hundr$ _h be5 s5t by a p>ty :o expect$ to rea* ! sc5e ( action ! next day1 :5 a g5]al & det]m9$ attack 0 to h be5 made4 ,b _! =ces disb&$ ^u ! arrival ( ,g5]al ,cl9*1 & !y sep>at$ to _! diff]5t homes4 ,! (fic]s "u ,g5]al ,ga9es *>g$ ! allies ) bad fai?1 int5d+ to massacre !m "u pret5se ( treat+ ) !m2 :ile ! allies *>g$ our troops ) a trea*]\s ef=t to %oot !m :ile _! flag ( truce 0 float+ ov] !m1 & !y engag$ 9 peaceful negotiation4 ,g5]al ,ga9es proce$$ to ,=t ,brooke1 & !nce return$ to ,new ,orleans2 :ile ,g5]al ,cl9* conduct$ 8 troops back to ,=t ,drane4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,ho/ilities ,,cont9u$4 ,g5]al disappo9tm5t 9 reg>d to ! cont9uance ( ! ,w>--,its ,difficulties--,feel+s ( ! ,p ( ,florida--,lett] ( _! ,delegate 9 ,congress--,lett] ( ,g5]al ,jessup to ,f4 ,p4 ,blair--,presid5t ,jackson's ord] 9 reg>d to x--,secret>y ( ,w> ord]s ,g5]al ,scott to ,wa%+ton1 & ,g5]al ,jessup to take comm&--,g5]al ,call 9 tempor>y comm& ( ! ,army--,c\rt ( ,inquiry--,osceola attacks ,micanopy--,major ,heilman's gallant ,def5se--,g5]al ,jessup meets ,g5]al ,call at ,tallahasse--,refuses to assume ,comm&--,major ,pe>ce's ,exp$ition to ,=t ,drane--,meets ,osceola ) an equal =ce--,sev]e ,conte/--,major ,pe>ce retires to ,micanopy--,g5]al ,jessup's contract ) ,creeks--,its ,"*--,resumes b>b>\s practice ( ,enslav+ ,prison]s--,g5]al ,call's ,exp$ition to ,)lacoo*ee--,its ,failure--,fur!r attempts to de/roy ,/ores on t ,riv]--,arm/rong's ,battle--,ano!r sev]e ,battle--,ano!r ,exp$ition to ,)lacoo*ee--,its ,failure--,skill & ,valor ( ! ,exiles & ,indians--,loss ( ,creeks--,!y become ,di%e>t5$4 ,:5 ,g5]al ,scott took comm& ( ! army 9 ,florida1 ! ,adm9i/ration & ! c\ntry confid5tly expect$ t he w\ld br+ ! w> to an imm$iate close4 ,!re 0 b little kn[n ( ! comb9$ /r5g?1 or ! det]m9$ purpose1 ( ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles4 ,!y 7 reg>d$ z few 9 numb]1 & 7 suppos$ to be fight+ )\t any v def9ite purpose4 ,! difficulties ( collect+ an army 9 t t]ritory1 procur+ supplies & arrang+ a campaign1 7 great2 & ! mo/ effective mode = p5etrat+ ! /rongholds ( ! alli$ =ces c\ld only be asc]ta9$ by exp]i5ce4 ,! inhabitants ( ,florida _h urg$ on ! w>4 ,!y held _! enemy 9 great contempt4 ,!y 7 slavehold]s1 accu/om$ to look ^u ! negro z an inf]ior be+1 possess$ ( v limit$ reason+ p[]s1 & devoid ( ! nobl] s5tim5ts :i* adorn ! human "*4 ,!y d n appe> to h suppos$ ! ,african capable ( noble aspirations1 or ( manly ef=t4 ,!y 7 also accu/om$ to look ^u ! ,indians ) ab\t ! same degree ( contempt4 ,reg>d+ ! w> z comm5c$ & prosecut$ = _! own b5efit1 !y felt au?oriz$ 9 "s degree to dictate ! mann] 9 :i* x %\ld be conduct$4 ,g5]al ,scott1 br$ to ! pr(ession ( arms1 & consci\s ( t self-respect :i* 0 due to an (fic] ( 8 rank1 paid b little att5tion to _! attempts at int]f]5ce ) 8 (ficial duties4 ,?is 0 reg>d$ z (f5sive1 & ! delegate 9 ,congress f t ,t]ritory dem&$ 8 )drawal f ! comm&4 ,g5]al ,jessup1 at t "t 9 comm& ( ! army 9 ,georgia1 op]at+ aga9/ ! ,creek ,indians1 9 ord] to compel !m to emigrate ,we/1 also wrote a lett] 7,june #bj71 address$ to a private citiz5 ( ,wa%+ton ,city1#hf criticis+ ,g5]al ,scott's policy4 ,?is lett] 0 plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ,presid5t ,jackson1 :o1 aft] read+ x1 indors$ ^u x z foll[s3 ,ref]r$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 t he =?) ord] ,g5]al ,scott to ?is place1 9 ord] t an inquiry may be _h into ! unacc\ntable delays 9 prosecut+ ! ,creek w>1 & ! failure ( ! campaign 9 ,florida4 ,let ,g5]al ,jessup assume ! comm&4#hg ,a4 ,j4 ,x is v evid5t t ,g5]al ,jackson1 :5 speak+ ( ! unacc\ntable delays ( a few mon?s1 _h little expectation t "u ! direction ( 8 mo/ favorite (fic] ! w> w\ld cont9ue dur+ 8 life1 & t he w\ld leave ano!r g5]ation involv$ 9 ho/ilities1 = ! purpose ( enslav+ p]sons :om he _h ord]$ to be return$ to _! ma/]s tw5ty ye>s previ\sly4 ,b x is also app>5t t nei!r ! ,presid5t1 nor ,congress1 nor ! (fic]s ( ! army1 _h any j conceptions ( t love ( lib]ty :i* n]v$ ! ,exiles to ef=t1 & /imulat$ !m to enc\nt] e h>d%ip & privation1 & suff]+ & dang]1 r ?an be deliv]$ ov] to degrad+ bondage4 ,congress1 p>ticipat+ 9 ! g5]al a/oni%m5t at ! failure ( our arms to conqu] a h&ful ( ,indians & negroes1 adopt$ a resolution1 call+ on ! ,presid5t = in=mation t\*+ t subject4 ,9 answ] to ?is resolution1 ,g5]al ,cass1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 transmitt$ volum9\s pap]s to ,congress1 :i* may be f\nd 9 ! ,executive ,docum5ts ( ! second session1 ,tw5ty-f\r? ,congress1 f :i* mu* ( our in=mation is d]iv$4 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w> issu$ ! ord] = ,g5]al ,scott to retire1 & ano!r = ,g5]al ,jessup to assume ! comm&4 ,a c\rt ( inquiry 0 duly conv5$ = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ ! cause ( delay "u ,g5]al ,scott4#hh ,sev]al mon?s n[ pass$ )\t any important incid5t to m>k ! progress ( ho/ilities4 ,z ! summ] approa*$ & ! sickly season comm5c$1 ,g5]al ,scott left ,florida1 & ! comm& ( ! army1 = ! "t1 devolv$ on ,g5]al ,c4 ,k4 ,call4 ,! alli$ =ces seem$ to h retir$ to ! int]ior1 & 7 suppos$ to be engag$ 9 rais+ corn & o!r provisions1 = _! support dur+ ! com+ w9t]1 & all appe>$ quiet4 ,osceola1 aft] ! dea? ( ,?ompson at ,=t ,k+1 _h become a ma/]-_s among ! ,sem9oles4 ,he _h conduct$ bravely dur+ ! battle ) ,g5]al ,cl9*1 & equally s 9 ! sev]al conflicts ) ,g5]al ,ga9es1 & _h be5 rais$ to ! dignity ( a *ief4 ,he n[ conceiv$1 & execut$1 "o ( ! bolde/ movem5ts ev] made by savages aga9/ a =tifi$ po/ mann$ by regul> troops4 ,on ! n9? ( ,june1 ) ?ree hundr$ w>riors1 "s sixty ( :om 7 negroes1 he attack$ ! /ockade at ,micanopy1 g>rison$ by an equal =ce ( discipl9$ troops1 "u ! comm& ( ,major ,heilman4 ,! assault 0 ma9ta9$ ) det]m9$ ob/9acy = an h\r & a half1 ! assailants boldly fac+ ! artill]y1 :i* 0 br\ght to be> ^u !m2 & :5 !y left ! sc5e ( action1 !y c>ri$ away _! dead & w\nd$4 ,al?\gh ?is attack prov$ unsuccessful1 x gave ! c\ntry to und]/&1 9 "s degree1 ! "* ( ! enemy ) :om our ,gov]nm5t 0 cont5d+4 ,major ,heilman1 9 8 report1 regrets ! sev]e w\nd ( ,capt4 ,lee2 b says no?+ ( 8 o!r loss1 or t ( ! allies1 ei!r 9 kill$ or w\nd$4 ,he himself di$ soon aft]1 f excessive fatigue dur+ ! action4 ,soon aft] ?is attack ! allies became aga9 active1 mak+ _! appe>ance at v>i\s po9ts on ! fronti]1 aga9 spread+ deva/ation :]ev] !y w5t4 ,major ,g5]al ,jessup cont9u$ 9 ,georgia1 engag$ 9 con/ra9+ ! ,creeks to emigrate4 ,9 ?is he 0 v successful1 & = t reason 0 ord]$ to take comm& ( ! army 9 ,florida4 ,) ?is view he repair$ to ,tallahasse1 :]e he met ,g5]al ,call1 :o laid be=e him a plan1 :i* he _h conceiv$1 = an exp$ition to ,)lacoo*ee4 ,g5]al ,jessup1 n hav+ receiv$ 8 in/ructions = prosecut+ ! campaign1 refus$ to assume ! comm& at t "t1 leav+ ,g5]al ,call to c>ry out 8 contemplat$ movem5t4 ,g5]al ,cl9* own$ a plantation "s tw5ty miles nor?we/]ly ( ,=t ,k+4 ,dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! season he _h encamp$ !re ) 8 troops1 & plant$ sug>-cane1 & o!r crops2 &1 be+ occupi$ z a milit>y po/1 he gave x ! "n ( ,=t ,drane4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! con/ant depr$ations committ$ by ! enemy1 he 0 direct$ to fall back to an ,indian t[n call$ ,micanopy1 :i* !reby became an outpo/4 ,he left ,=t ,drane 9 ,july1 :5 8 crops 7 gr[+ luxuriantly2 & ,osceola1 be+ 9 ! vic9ity ) ab\t a hundr$ foll[]s1 consi/+ ( ,indians & ,exiles1 took possession ( ?is plantation1 & occupi$ x ) app>5t pride1 at hav+ driv5 its vet]an own] back f>!r t[>ds ! settlem5ts4 ,on ! twelf? ( ,augu/1 ,major ,pe>ce1 be+ 9 comm& at ,micanopy1 left t /ation1 ) "o piece ( artill]y & "o hundr$ & t5 regul> troops1 = ! purpose ( attack+ ! allies at ,=t ,drane4 ,he rea*$ ! plantation1 situat$ eight miles f ,micanopy1 at sunrise1 & comm5c$ ! attack4 ,osceola & 8 foll[]s fell back to a hommock1 :]e !y made a /&4 ,! numb] ( m5 engag$ 7 ab\t equal2 ,major ,pe>ce & ,osceola 7 kn[n z gallant w>riors2 ( c\rse1 ! battle 0 w>m & well conte/$4 ,aft] an engagem5t ( an h\r & a qu>t]1 ,major ,pe>ce fell back2 & ! alli$ =ces %[+ no disposition to foll[ him into ! op5 fields1 he retreat$ to ,micanopy1 leav+ !m 9 possession ( ! field ( battle4 ,major ,pe>ce's loss 0 report$ to be "o kill$ & sixte5 w\nd$4 ,be=e leav+ ,alabama1 ,john ,a4 ,campbell1 aid to ,g5]al ,jessup1 act+ "u direction ( t (fic]1 ent]$ into a writt5 contract ) c]ta9 ,creek *iefs & w>riors4 ,be+ some:at extraord9>y 9 its "*1 & r5d]$ /ill m s by ! con/ruction giv5 to x by ! ,adm9i/ration & ! ,indians1 x is deem$ wor?y ( be+ ins]t$4 ,! foll[+ is ! language ( ! in/rum5t3 ,! ,/ate ( ,alabama1 ,tallapoosa ,c\nty4 ,?is contract1 ent]$ into betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica on ! fir/ "p1 & ! ,creek tribe ( ,indians on ! o!r "p1 ,witnesse?3 ,t ^u ! consid]ation h]eaft] m5tion$1 ! p>ty ( ! fir/ "p agrees to advance to ! p>ty ( ! second "p ! sum ( ?irty-"o ?\s& n9e hundr$ doll>s1 to be appli$ to ! paym5t ( ! debts due by ! ,creek ,nation ( ,indians4 ,& ! p>ty ( ! second "p h]eby cov5ants1 & agrees to furni% f _! tribe1 ! numb] ( f six hundr$ to "o ?\s& m51 = s]vice aga9/ ! ,sem9oles1 to be cont9u$ 9 s]vice until ! same %all be conqu]$2 !y to receive ! pay & emolum5ts1 & equipm5ts1 ( soldi]s 9 ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & su* plund] z !y may take f ! ,sem9oles4 ,& ! p>ty ( ! second "p releases1 transf]s & assigns to ! p>ty ( ! fir/ "p1 all _! "r1 title1 claim1 int]e/ & dem& 9 & to ! annuity grant$ by ! p>ty ( ! fir/ "p to ! p>ty ( ! second "p1 = ! ye> #ahcg4 ,9 witness :]e(1 ,i1 ,john ,a4 ,campbell1 on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 d h]eby set my h& & affix my seal1 ! #bh? ( ,augu/1 #ahcf4 ,,john ,a4 ,,campbell1 ,l4,s4 ,9 witness :]e(1 we1 ! ,*iefs & ,head-m5 ( said tribe1 on ! behalf ( said ,nation1 d h]eby set our h&s & affix our seals1 ! #bh? ( ,augu/1 #ahcf4 ,,hypo?le ,,yohola1 8 ,x m>k1 ,l4,s4 ,,little ,,doctor1 8 ,x m>k1 ,l4,s4 ,,tuckabat*ee ,,mico1 8 ,x m>k1 ,l4,s4 ,,yelco ,,hayo1 8 ,x m>k1,l4,s4 ,atte/3 ,,edw>d ,,hawick1 ,,b>5t ,,dubois4 ,! real "* ( ?is contract w at once be se5 :5 ! read] %all be rem9d$1 t ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h1 9 ! mo/ specific mann]1 prescrib$ ! am\nt to be paid ea* man :o %\ld ent] ! milit>y s]vice ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 & ! mann] & "t ( paym5t2 nor _h !re be5 any act pass$ enabl+ ,g5]al ,jessup1 or ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 or ! ,presid5t1 to employ any o!r p]sons 9 ! army except ^? enli/$ 9 ! ord9>y mode2 yet ?is contract 0 duly approv$ by ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 at t "t "u ! direction ( ,g5]al ,cass4 ,t provision :i* gives to ! ,creek w>riors su* plund] z !y might capture1 has be5 d5\nc$ z piratical2 & we are con/ra9$ to admit !re is "s degree ( propriety 9 ?is d5unciation1 :5 we f9d t ,g5]al ,jessup1 by ^: ord]s x 0 fram$1 & ,g5]al ,cass1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 :o approv$ x1 & ! ,creek ,w>riors :o sign$ x1 all und]/ood t ! ,creeks 7 to hold z slaves all ! negroes !y might capture1 :ile engag$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 ?is con/ruction :i* subsequ5tly involv$ ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t 9 difficulties1 f :i* x has nev] be5 able to extricate itself4 ,! b>b>\s practice ( enslav+ prison]s captur$ 9 w>1 _h be5 repudiat$ by all ,*ri/ian nations = m ?an two hundr$ ye>s4 ,! civilization ( ! sixte5? c5tury _h br\ght t atroci\s practice into disrepute1 :i* 0 n[ resort$ to & r5ew$ 9 ! n9ete5?1 by ?is ,am]ican ,republic1 s boa/ful ( its ref9em5t & ,*ri/ianity4 ,:ile ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates provid$ = an ignom9i\s puni%m5t ( ^? :o seize ! /upid hea!n ( ,africa & enslave !m1 our nation 0 tax+ its res\rces1 employ+ our army & pay+ out its funds1 to employ hea!n allies to capture & enslave a p :o = g5]ations _h be5 free4 ,on ! n9ete5? ( ,septemb]1 ,g5]al ,arm/rong1 ) a brigade ( twelve hundr$ ,t5nessee militia1 0 ord]$ to ,suwanee ,old ,t[n4 ,"h he 0 met by a deta*m5t ( two hundr$ ,creek w>riors1 "u ,major ,br[n1 & a battalion ( ,florida militia1 "u ,colonel ,w>r52 & ) ?is =midable army1 ,gov]nor ,call mov$ ^u ,)lacoo*ee4 ,on com+ ne> ! /ream he encamp$4 ,dur+ ! d>kness ( night ! allies fir$ ^u 8 troops1 & kept !m 9 a /ate ( al>m4 ,9 ! morn+ x 0 f\nd t ! riv] _h sudd5ly ris51 :i* r5d]$ x difficult = ! troops to cross2 & ?is gallant army return$ to ,=t ,drane = supplies )\t fir+ a gun or see+ an enemy1 leav+ ! allies 9 peaceful possession ( ! c\ntry4 ,b ! ,indians & ,exiles n[ f\nd !mselves almo/ daily ?reat5$ 9 _! own fa/nesses4 ,along ! ,)lacoo*ee 7 _m small villages & plantations occupi$ almo/ exclusively by ,exiles4 ,l>ge crops ( corn & o!r vegetables _h be5 rais$ !re dur+ ! season1 & x 0 kn[n t /ores ( provisions 7 locat$ ^u v>i\s isl&s surr\nd$ by ! swamps ly+ along t riv]1 & 9 ! great morass call$ ! ,wahoo ,swamp2 :ile x 0 equally kn[n t _m families ( ! ,exiles 7 resid+ 9 t vic9ity4 ,x 0 !re=e deem$ important to de/roy ^? villages & obta9 ! supplies :i* !y conta9$4 ,g5]al ,arm/rong1 ) five hundr$ m\nt$ m51 :ile m>*+ t[>d ^! villages on ! f\rte5? ( ,novemb]1 enc\nt]$ a /rong =ce consi/+ ( ,indians & ,exiles4 ,! conflict 0 spirit$4 ,9 =ty m9utes1 elev5 ( ,arm/rong's m5 fell be=e ! deadly aim ( ! allies4 ,he1 h[ev]1 drove !m f ! field1 b !y took ) !m _! dead & w\nd$4 ,?is fact ) savages is reg>d$ ! only te/ ( success 9 battle3 !y nev] ackn[l$ge defeat :ile !y hold possession ( _! dead & w\nd$4 ,b ! "t drew ne> :5 !y 7 con/ra9$ to ackn[l$ge a defeat4 ,on ! eighte5? ( ,novemb]1 a regim5t ( ,t5nesseeans1 consi/+ ( ab\t five hundr$1 enc\nt]$ a body ( ! enemy ^: numb]s are n giv5 by any (fic] or hi/orian :om we h consult$4 ,!y 7 po/$ 9 a hommock4 ,! ,t5nesseeans 7 ! assail+ p>ty4 ,! battle cont9u$ m ?an two h\rs1 :5 ! allies fl$1 leav+ ^u ! field tw5ty-five ,indians & ,africans sla9 9 battle2 :ile ! loss ( ! assailants 0 /ill l>g]4 ,?is 0 ! be/ conte/$ battle :i* occurr$ dur+ ! campaign ( #ahcf1 & ! fir/ 9 :i* ! allies left _! dead 9 possession ( our troops4 ,?is defeat appe>s to h taught ! allies to be cauti\s1 & /imulat$ a desire to wipe out ! impression :i* _! defeat 0 calculat$ to make ^u ! public m9d4 ,g5]al ,call hav+ =m$ a junction ) ,major ,pe>ce ( ! regul> s]vice1 ) ne>ly ?ree hundr$ regul> troops "u 8 comm&1 mak+ 9 all m ?an "o ?\s& m51 ent]$ ! great ,wahoo ,swamp on ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,novemb]4 ,_! int5tion 0 to obta9 ! provisions suppos$ to be deposit$ 9 ! villages situat$ ^u ! isl&s 9 t ext5sive morass4 ,b !y 7 attack$ soon aft] ent]+ ! swamp4 ,! fire at fir/ 0 pr9cipally conc5trat$ ^u ! ,creek ,indians1 ! m]c5>y troops employ$ by ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,major ,pe>ce ha/5$ to _! relief4 ,! fire !n became g5]al4 ,! m5 7 9 a swamp :i* 0 ne>ly cov]$ ) wat]1 & mu* ( x ) a ?ick und]bru%4 ,aft] ma9ta9+ ! battle = a "t1 ! ,indians fell back1 cross$ ! riv]1 & =m$ ^u its bank1 ea* man protect$ by a log or tree4 ,! riv] 0 turbid & appe>$ difficult to pass4 ,z our troops approa*$ x1 ! fire ^u !m 0 sev]e4 ,capta9 ,moniac1 ( ! ,creek w>riors1 0 kill$ :ile exam9+ ! /ream to asc]ta9 if x c\ld be =d$4 ,o!rs 7 w\nd$4 ,! alli$ =ce appe>$ det]m9$ to make _! f9al /& ^u ?is /ream4 ,beh9d !m 7 _! wives & *ildr51 _! provisions1 _! homes & firesides4 ,g5]al ,call & 8 troops n[ obta9$ an opportunity ( fight+ ! enemy2 a privilege :i* he _h long s\ght1 ?\gh he embrac$ x "u disadvantage\s circum/ances4 ,our troops _h great inducem5ts to advance1 b ! dang]s correspond$ ) ! advantages to be ga9$4#hi ,g5]al ,call1 h[ev]1 conclud$ to )draw2 & aft] su/a9+ a heavy loss he retreat$ & left ! allies 9 possession ( ! field4 ,!y v correctly1 feel+ t _! success dep5d$ greatly ^u ! position !y _h tak51 did n pursue ,g5]al ,call1 :o1 ) 8 :ole =ce1 retir$ to ,volusi to recruit4 ,8 loss 0 fifte5 kill$ & ?irty w\nd$4 ,x is c]ta9 ! allies manife/$ great skill 9 select+ _! place ( attack1 & ! position = _! f9al /&4 ,_! success greatly enc\rag$ !m1 & ! gallantry display$ by ! ,exiles s]v$ to increase _! influ5ce ) ! ,indians4 ,! ,creek w>riors _h %[n !mselves v effici5t 9 ?is exp$ition1 b !y suff]$ sev]ely2 & at no subsequ5t p]iod did !y ma9ta9 _! =m] "* z w>riors4 ,!y _h be5 greatly /imulat$ 9 ?is conflict ) ! expectation ( captur+ wom5 & *ildr51 :om !y expect$ to seize & sell z slaves4 ,b s f> z t object 0 conc]n$1 _! w>riors :o fell 9 ?is battle di$ +lori\sly1 & ! result disc\rag$ ! survivors4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,w> ,,cont9u$--,,peace ,,decl>$4 ,g5]al ,jessup assumes comm& ( ! ,army--,numb] ( ,troops 9 ! ,field--,8 ,advantages--,8 en]getic ,policy--,ord]s ,craw=d to ! ,)lacoo*ee--,capture ( fifty two ,wom5 & ,*ildr5--,!y are held z plund] by ! ,creeks--,wild ,cat & ,l\is attack ,=t ,mellon--,sev]e ,battle--,allies retire ) _! dead & w\nd$--,dea? ( ,capta9 ,mellon--,our loss 9 kill$ & w\nd$--,caulfield's ,exp$ition to ,a-ha-popka ,lake--,capture ( n9e ,wom5 & ,*ildr5--,exp$ition to ,big ,cypress ,swamp--,capture ( tw5ty-five ,wom5 & ,*ildr5--,g5]al ,jessup seeks ,negotiation--,abram & ,alligator meet him prep>atory to a m g5]al ,c\ncil--,sev]al ,*iefs agree ^u t]ms ( ,capitulation--,difficulty 9 reg>d to ,exiles--,jessup yields--,express ,/ipulation = _! ,safety--,indians & ,exile come into ,tampa ,bay--,are ,regi/]$ = ,emigration--,g5]al ,jessup dis*>ges ,militia & ,volunte]s--,transports prep>$--,he decl>es ! ,w> at an end1 & asks to be reliev$ f active duty4 ,on ! eigh? ( ,decemb]1 #ahcf1 ,major ,g5]al ,jessup jo9$ ,g5]al ,call at ,volusi1 & reliev$ t (fic] f ! fur!r comm& ( ! army 9 ,florida4 ,he _h n[ eight ?\s& troops 9 ! field well provid$ 9 all ! mat]ial ( w>4 ,!y 7 9 f9e spirits1 & he 0 9 all respects prep>$ to pu% ! campaign ) en]gy4 ,he _h all ! advantages :i* exp]i5ce ( ! previ\s campaign _h furni%$1 & endeavor$ to pr(it by x4 ,he 0 c>eful to ord] no l>ge body ( troops1 nor any artill]y1 into ! un9habit$ portions ( ! c\ntry4 ,he employ$ only light troops = su* purposes4 ,8 fir/ att5tion 0 direct$ to ! settlem5ts ( ,exiles on ! ,)lacoo*ee :o _h up to t "t defi$ our army4 ,!y _h be5 ! object ( frequ5t attacks1 & ! sc5e ( z frequ5t defeats4 ,he direct$ a battalion ( m\nt$ m5 "u ,major ,craw=d1 accompani$ by two battalions ( ,creek ,indians1 to make a sudd5 desc5t ^u ^? villages4 ,b ! allies _h remov$ _! provisions1 & mo/ ( ! p _h ab&on$ ! settlem5ts4 ,a few only 7 left4 ,! w>riors fl$ to ! swamps2 & ! troops seiz$ & secur$ fifty-two wom5 & *ildr54 ,^! 7 ! fir/ prison]s captur$ dur+ ! w>2 & ,g5]al ,jessup made a =mal report ( ?is important victory4 ,x 0 a victory ov] def5seless wom5 & helpless *ildr51 obta9$ by ! aid ( ,creek ,indians1 :o claim$ bo? wom5 & *ildr5 z plund] "u _! contract4 ,b ?is victory /imulat$ ! allies to /rike 9 retaliation = ! injury ?us inflict$ ^u non-combatants4 ,sid5ote3 #ahcg4 ,=t ,mellon1 on ! s\? side ( a small body ( wat] call$ ,lake ,monroe1 "s ?irty miles we/ ( ! ,atlantic1 0 suppos$ by ! allies to be 9 a weak condition1 & !y det]m9$ to surprise x4 ,prep>atory to ?is1 h[ev]1 !y s5t spies to exam9e & report ! condition ( ! troops at t /ation4 ,_! report be+ favorable1 ,wild ,cat1 act+ 9 conjunction ) ,l\is1 ! slave ( ,pa*eco1 :o1 x w be recollect$1 conc]t$ ! massacre ( ,major ,dade1 made _! arrangem5ts = an assault4 ,) a =ce ( two hundr$ & fifty w>riors ! allies inve/$ ?is =t1 :i* !y suppos$ to be g>rison$ by n m ?an "o hundr$ m54 ,un=tunately = ! assailants1 h[ev]1 o!r troops arriv$ aft] ! ,indian spies _h left ! vic9ity ( ! =t1 & ! alli$ =ces unexpect$ly met sup]ior numb]s protect$ by def5ses :i* are always reg>d$ z safe aga9/ savage foes4 ,! attack 0 made ) great det]m9ation1 & cont9u$ = ?ree h\rs1 :5 ! assailants retir$ )\t leav+ ei!r dead or w\nd$ ^u ! field4 ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,fan+ comm&$ our troops1 numb]+ "s ?ree hundr$ m54 ,a /eamboat 0 ly+ 9 ! lake1 ne> ! =t1 hav+ a field-piece on bo>d4 ,?is 0 also br\ght to be> ^u ! left w+ ( ! alli$ =ces1 s z to completely drive !m f t "p ( ! field4 ,capta9 ,mellon1 :o _h ent]$ ! milit>y s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #ahab1 fell e>ly 9 ! action4 ,mid%ipman ,mc,laughlin & sev5te5 o!rs 7 w\nd$2 "s ( !m mortally4 ,x may well be d\bt$1 :e!r hi/ory furni%es an in/ance 9 :i* savage troops h beset a sup]ior numb] ( discipl9$ =ces 9 a =tifi$ position ) su* d>+ & ob/9acy z t :i* 0 manife/$ at ,=t ,mellon4 ,!re 0 a small settlem5t ( ,exiles & ,indians ^u ! s\? side ( ,a-ha-popka ,lake1 situat$ ab\t ! tw5ty-eigh? degree ( nor? latitude1 & ne>ly equi-di/ant betwe5 ! ,atlantic & ! ,gulf ( ,mexico4 ,on ! tw5ty-second ( ,janu>y1 ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,caulfield ) 8 regim5t 0 ord]$ to visit t settlem5t1 att5d$ by ! ,creek ,indians4 ,a sub-*ief ( ! ,sem9oles1 nam$ ,osu*ee1 ) 8 b& ( w>riors1 ha/5$ to ! def5se ( _! fri5ds1 z soon z !y asc]ta9$ ! object ( our troops2 b !y 7 unable to resi/ ! l>ge =ce "u ,caulfield4 ,osu*ee & ?ree w>riors 7 kill$2 & n9e ,exiles1 all ( !m wom5 & *ildr51 7 tak5 prison]s4 ,all ! disposable =ces "u ,g5]al ,jessup 7 n[ put into active employ4 ,) ! ma9 body ( ! army he p5etrat$ f> into ! ,indian t]ritory4 ,8 report1 dat$ at ,=t ,arm/rong1 ,febru>y sev5?1 aft] /at+ ! comm5cem5t ( 8 m>*1 says1 ,on approa*+ ! ,?la-pac-hat*ee1 on ! morn+ ( ! tw5ty-sev5? ultimo1 ! num]\s h]ds ( cattle fe$+ on ! prairies1 & ! num]\s rec5t trails 9 v>i\s directions1 indicat$ ! pres5ce ( ! enemy4 ,he goes on to say3 ,on ! tw5ty-eigh?1 ! army mov$ =w>d1 & occupi$ a /rong position on ',ta-hop-ka-liga' ,lake1 :]e sev]al hundr$ head ( cattle 7 obta9$4 ,^! imm5se h]ds ( cattle %[ to "s ext5t ! means ( subsi/5ce :i* ! allies possess$4 ,! comm&] ( our army1 h[ev]1 proce$s to /ate t ! enemy 0 f\nd on ! ,hat*ee-lu/ee1 9 & ne> ! great ,cypress ,swamp1 & gallantly attack$4 ,lieut5ant ,*amb]s ( ! ,alabama ,volunte]s1 by a rapid *>ge1 succe$$ 9 captur+ ! horses & baggage ( ! enemy1 ) tw5ty-five ,indians & negroes1 pr9cipally wom5 & *ildr54 ,?is language 0 novel 9 ! milit>y reports ( our (fic]s4 ,a *>ge made by a body ( arm$ troops ^u horses1 wom5 & *ildr51 is t]m$ by ! comm&+ ,g5]al gallant4 ,! next day "o ( ! prison]s 0 direct$ to return to ! two pr9cipal *iefs1 ,abraham1 ) :om ! read] is already acqua9t$1 & ,alligator1 :o comm&$ ! ,indians1 ) a message ( peace1 desir+ !m to meet ! comm&+ ,g5]al 9 c\ncil4 ,abraham 01 p]haps1 ! mo/ exp]i5c$ & be/ in=m$ *ief 9 ! alli$ =ces4 ,he _h liv$ at ,micanopy2 & 8 famili> acqua9tance ) ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+1 & ! supplem5tal treaty ent]$ into at ! ,we/1 qualifi$ him to ex]t a p[]ful influ5ce ) ! ,exiles4#ij ,! ,indians1 also1 appe> to h held him 9 ! highe/ respect4 ,alligator 0 an active w>rior & *ief4 ,he 0 a bold lead]2 b 0 suppos$ to be mu* "u ! influ5ce ( ,micanopy1 a *ief some:at advanc$ 9 ye>s1 said to be v corpul5t1 & too indol5t to be o!rwise ?an pacific 9 8 desires4 ,x is relat$ ( him1 t he 0 actually c>ri$1 by ! y\ng] & m en?usia/ic w>riors1 into battle on "o occasion1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! w>4 ,x is n unlikely t bo? ,abraham & ,alligator 7 influ5c$ 9 "s degree by ,micanopy to visit ,g5]al ,jessup1 & make arrangem5ts to hold a conf]5ce ) him1 at ,=t ,dade1 on ! eighte5? ( ,febru>y4 ,lieut4 ,colonel ,h5d]son1 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,m>9es1 s]v+ on l&1 also made a v successful excursion into ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 ) a pretty l>ge =ce ( m\nt$ m5 & fri5dly ,indians4 ,9 8 report1 he /ates ! capture ( tw5ty-?ree negroes1 "y & old2 ov] a hundr$ ponies1 ) packs on ab\t fifty ( !m2 toge!r ) all _! clo!s1 blankets1 & o!r baggage4 ,9 ?is exp$ition1 8 loss 0 two m5 kill$ & five w\nd$4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,m>*1 ! troops "u ! comm& ( ,major ,g5]al ,jessup _h captur$ "o hundr$ & n9e wom5 & *ildr5 ( ! ,exiles1 & "s fifte5 belong+ to ! ,indians4 ,! =tunes ( w> n[ bore h>d ^u ^? fri5dless & p]secut$ p2 b n a w>rior _h fall5 into ! h&s ( our troops4 ,x is a rem>kable fact1 t 9 all ! conflicts :i* _h occurr$1 no ,sem9ole ,indian nor negro w>rior _h surr5d]$1 ev5 to sup]ior numb]s4 ,!y _h f\ght gallantly1 !y _h di$ freely2 b !y pref]r$ dea? to t slav]y :i* !y knew w\ld foll[ a surr5d]4 ,g5]al ,jessup n[ ord]$ ! cessation ( ho/ilities1 9 ! hope ( gett+ ! ,indian & negro *iefs to assemble 9 c\ncil1 9 ord] to negotiate = _! emigration ,we/4 ,aft] 8 int]view ) ,abraham & ,alligator1 he appe>s to h felt confid5t ( success4 ,! ,exiles & ,indians also began to feel t x w\ld soon be necess>y = !m to plant corn1 potatoes & pumpk9s1 = _! support dur+ ! com+ season4 ,e ef=t 0 made by ,g5]al ,jessup to acqua9t ! diff]5t *iefs ) ?is arrangem5t1 & to induce !m to come 91 or s5d by "s sub-*ief or w>rior an expression ( _! will+ness to emigrate to ! we/]n c\ntry4 ,agreeably to ^! arrangem5ts1 a few ( _! pr9cipal m5 met ,g5]al ,jessup at ,=t ,dade1 ne> ! ,)lacoo*ee1 on ! six? ( ,m>*4 ,only five *iefs 7 pres5t1 ei!r 9 p]son or by proxy4 ,! pr9cipal *iefs 9 att5dance 7 ,halatoo*ie & ,jump]4 ,b ! =m] difficulty 0 aga9 enc\nt]$1 at ! v comm5cem5t ( ! negotiation4 ,! ,indians w\ld ent] ^u no arrangem5t t did n gu>antee to ! ,exiles equal protection & safety z x did to ! ,indians4 ,su* /ipulation w\ld con/itute an ab&onm5t ( ! objects = :i* ! w> _h be5 comm5c$ & prosecut$2 b1 aft] sixte5 mon?s occupi$ 9 ho/ilities1 & ! exp5diture ( mu* blood & treasure1 ?is "q lay directly across ! pa? ( peace4 ,b ! ,indians 7 firm4 ,n "o ( ! ,exiles1 except ,abraham1 n[ d>$ tru/ himself )9 ! p[] ( our troops2 yet ,abraham's influ5ce 0 p[]ful ) ! ,indians4 ,g5]al ,jessup yield$4 ,! articles ( capitulation 7 drawn up & consid]$4 ,! fif? reads z foll[s3--,major ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 behalf ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 agrees t ! ,sem9oles & _! allies1 :o come 9 & emigrate ,we/1 %all be secure 9 _! lives & prop]ty2 t _! negroes1 _! bona fide prop]ty1 %all also accompany !m ,we/2#ia & t _! cattle & ponies %all be paid = by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! language ( ?is article c\ld n be misund]/ood4 ,! black m5 !n resid+ ) ! ,indians1 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 :o 7 act+ ) !m1 & fight+ our troops by ! side ( ! ,sem9oles1 7 _! allies3 & to %[ t ! capitulation 0 n a surr5d] ( prop]ty1 !y 7 c>eful to h ! compact expressly /ate1 t _! own negroes1 _! bona fide prop]ty 7= _m ,sem9oles own$ slaves71 %\ld accompany !m2 & t _! cattle & ponies1 :i* w\ld become ! prop]ty ( ! captors by virtue ( an ord9>y surr5d]1 "u _! ideas ( w>f>e1 7 to be paid = by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re 0 no room left = cavil or dispute on ^! po9ts2#ib nor c\ld x be suppos$ t ,abraham1 ) 8 exp]i5ce & %rewdness1 w\ld leave su* an important po9t d\btful4 ,"u ^! articles1 ! ,exiles 7 to enjoy t security = :i* !y _h cont5d$ dur+ a c5tury & a half4 ,x 0 = ?is t _! ance/ors left ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ,georgia1 ,alabama & ,florida2 to atta9 x1 !y 7 will+ to leave ! graves ( _! fa!rs--! c\ntry 9 :i* !y _h liv$ dur+ _m g5]ations4 ,abraham n[ ent]$ ^u ! "w ( induc+ all 8 bre?r51 bo? ,indians & negroes1 to g to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 :]e !y c\ld be free f p]secutions4 ,^? will+ to emigrate1 7 to assemble )9 a di/rict ( t5 miles squ>e1 m>k$ out = t purpose1 ne> ,tampa ,bay4 ,_m ( ! ,indian *iefs visit$ t /ation2 spoke enc\rag+ly ( ! prospect2 t ! :ole ,nation w\ld emigrate at no di/ant day4 ,ev5 ,osceola1 ! mo/ invet]ate ( all ! ,sem9ole *iefs1 visit$ ,=t ,mellon1 av[+ 8 int5tion to emigrate2 :ile ,abraham made report ( a l feel+ among ! ,exiles4 ,tw5ty-six vessels1 employ$ to transport ! emigrants to ,new ,orleans1 7 an*or$ 9 ,tampa ,bay4 ,hundr$s ( ,indians & negroes _h rea*$ ! camp assign$ to ! emigrants1 ne> ,=t ,brooke4 ,_! names 7 duly regi/]$2 !y drew _! rations1 & made e prep>ation to g ,we/4 ,g5]al ,jessup ann\nc$ ! w> at an end1 dismiss$ ! militia & volunte]s1 & ask$ ( ! ,dep>tm5t leave to retire f active duty4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,g5]al ,,jessup ,,ov]?r[s ,,8 ,,own ,,ef=ts ,,9 ,,favor ,,( ,,peace4 ,mr4 ,van ,bur5's adv5t to ! (fice ( ,presid5t--,foll[s ! policy ( 8 pr$ecessor--,g5]al ,jessup's /ipulation 9 favor ( ! ,exiles--,su/a9$ by prec$5t1 & by ,national ,law--,n contr>y to ,g5]al ,jackson's object 9 comm5c+ ! ,w>--,citiz5s ( ,florida prote/--,compact ratifi$ by ,w> ,dep>tm5t--,g5]al ,jessup = a "t endeavors to c>ry out ,articles ( ,capitulation--,beg9s to yield--,promises to make arrangem5ts ) ,*iefs to deliv] up ,slaves :o _h left _! ,ma/]s dur+ ! ,w>--,!n decl>$ he _h done s--,no su* ,compact f\nd by ! ,au?or--,subsequ5t hi/ory %[s t he _h made su* arrangem5t1 by p>ol1 ) ,co-,hadjo only--,he also uses army to seize & return ,exiles claim$ by citiz5s ( ,florida--,revokes ,ord] ,no4 #gi--;,indians & ,exiles take al>m--,flee to _! fa/nesses--,g5]al ,jessup ackn[l$ges all is lo/--,! ,w> r5ew$4 ,on ! f\r? ( ,m>*1 ,mr4 ,van ,bur5 assum$ ! duties ( ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,g5]al ,jackson retir$ to private life4 ,belong+ to ! same political p>ty to :i* ,g5]al ,jackson _h atta*$ himself1 ,mr4 ,van ,bur5 0 n expect$ to make any p>ticul> *ange 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,inde$ s popul> _h ,g5]al ,jackson be51 t x w\ld h requir$ great boldness 9 8 successor to attempt any v obvi\s *ange 9 our national policy2 & s f> z ! ,florida w> 0 conc]n$1 !re 0 none :atev]4 ,x 0 !re=e =tunate t1 "u ! adm9i/ration ( ,g5]al ,jackson1 ! exi/5ce ( ! ,exiles1 z a di/9ct p1 _h be5 ackn[l$g$4 ,9 ! articles ( capitulation1 !y 7 aga9 recogniz$ z ! allies ( ! ,indians4 ,9 ent]+ into ?is /ipulation1 ,g5]al ,jessup w5t no f>!r ?an 8 legitimate p[]s ext5d$4 ,! peace ( ! c\ntry 9 t region 0 entru/$ to 8 judgm5t1 "u ! direction ( ! ,presid5t4 ,if necess>y to secure peace1 he _h ! und\bt$ "r to s5d e slave1 ( :atev] description1 f ! ,t]ritory ( ,florida2 & x w\ld appe>1 t no d\bt :atev] c\ld arise z to 8 au?ority to transport to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 all :o 7 engag$ 9 actual ho/ilities aga9/ our nation1 & t too )\t /opp+ to inquire :e!r "o portion ( ! p 71 or 7 n1 claim$ z prop]ty by ! p ( ,florida4 ,g5]al ,jackson _h set a noble example on ?is subject :i* 0 well wor?y ( imitation4 ,:5 ,new ,orleans 0 ?reat5$ by ! ,briti%1 9 #ahad1 he proclaim$ m>tial law--ord]$ m5 into s]vice )\t inquir+ :e!r !y 7 slaves or freem54 ,_m ( !m 7 slaves1 & on ! day ( battle 7 emancipat$ by be+ captur$ or kill$ by ! enemy4 ,! same p[]s _h be5 ex]cis$ by our (fic]s almo/ con/antly dur+ ! ,revolution4 ,x is a pr9ciple und]/ood by all intellig5t m51 t :5 w> exi/s1 peace may be obta9$ by ! emancipation ( all ! slaves held by individuals1 if necess>y4#ic ,^! articles ( capitulation 7 duly transmitt$ to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 & 7 regul>ly approv$ by ! ,executive4 ,x w\ld appe> impossible t ,g5]al ,jessup1 or any o!r p]son1 c\ld ei!r misappreh5d or fail to und]/& ?is /ipulation1 :i* 0 9 no respect modifi$ by o!r cov5ants4 ,b ?is solemn cov5ant 0 9 direct conflict ) ! views & feel+s ( ! slavehold]s 9 ,florida & ! adjo9+ ,/ates4 ,!y und]/ood ! w> to h be5 comm5c$ = ! purpose ( renslav+ ! ,exiles4 ,^! articles ( capitulation con/itut$ n only an ab&onm5t ( t policy1 b actually op]at$ z an emancipation ( all ! slaves :o1 hav+ fl$ f s]vice 9 ,florida1 ,georgia & ,alabama1 _h jo9$ ! ,sem9oles & tak5 up arms aga9/ _! oppressors4 ,! slavehold]s 7 indignant at ?is /ipulation1 nor did !y fail to express _! indignation4 ,a few g5tlem5 ( di/9ction1 :o1 ) _! families1 _h be5 driv5 f ! ,t]ritory1 7 resid+ at ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a4 ,hav+ le>n$ ! "* ( ! capitulation f private s\rces1 )\t wait+ = its publication1 !y at once address$ ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 /at+ !y _h casually le>n$ f a g5tleman :o 0 pres5t1 t a treaty ( peace _h be5 conclud$ ) ! ,sem9ole ,indians :i* conta9$ no /ipulation = indemnity1 on ! "p ( ! ,indians1 = su* prop]ty ( ! inhabitants z _h be5 captur$ by said ,indians1 & de/roy$4 ,nor 7say !y7 is x1 we are told1 exact$ f !m t !y %\ld ev5 make re/itution ( su* /ol5 & o!r prop]ty1 to wit1 ,,negroes1 etc41 z !y n[ h 9 possession1 or z has be5 invit$ into _! c\ntry & all[$ refuge f its own]s4 ,we respectfully conceive1 t ! t]m9ation ( ! w> on su* t]ms1 anxi\sly z we desire peace1 w\ld be a sacrifice ( ! national dignity1 & an absolute & cle> triumph on ! "p ( ! ,indians1 :o _c fail to view ! proposition made to !m1 to close ho/ilities1 foll[$ up by a treaty p]mitt+ to !m su* extraord9>y t]ms1 z a virtual su+ = peace on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & evid5c+ a want ( confid5ce 9 _! ability to conclude ! w> ?r\gh ! means ( _! bellig]5t & physical /r5g?4#id ,b ! mo/ s+ul> portion ( ?is memorial is ! ref]5ce to ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie1 by :i* ! ,indians agre$ to arre/ & return fugitives2 & ! memoriali/s insi/$ t unless ! ,indians be compell$ to p]=m ?is /ipulation ! own]s may nev] rega9 _! slaves4 ,! g5tlem5 :o ?us attempt$ to control ! action ( our ,national ,gov]nm5t appe> to h =gott5 t ! treaty ( ,camp ,m\ltrie _h be5 abrogat$ by t ( ,payne's ,l&+1 :i* our ,gov]nm5t 0 n[ pr(ess+ to en=ce4 ,by ?is latt] treaty1 ! ,indians agre$ to pay sev5 ?\s& doll>s z an indemnity = all slaves !n 9 _! t]ritory4 ,?is 0 accept$ z a full indemnity1 & ! slaves !n resid5t ) ! ,indians became free 9 law4 ,?is memorial1 ?\gh writt5 at ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 be>s date only twelve days lat] ?an ! articles ( capitulation1 ent]$ into at ,=t ,dade 9 ,florida4 ,( ?is movem5t ( ! slavehold]s1 ,g5]al ,jessup appe>s n to h be5 in=m$ at ! "t2 nor is !re any d\bt t he !n int5d$ to c>ry out ?is solemn compact 9 good fai?4 ,on ! n9ete5? ( ,m>*1 we f9d 8 aid-de-camp ,colonel ,*amb]s1 by ord] ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 writ+ ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,h>ney1 /ation$ at ,=t ,mellon1 direct+ him n to p]mit ! fri5dly ,indians 7! ,creeks7 to pass into ! c\ntry occupi$ by ! ,sem9oles1 & to di/9ctly in=m ! ,creeks !y mu/ make no m captures ( prop]ty2 & if !y _h made any s9ce ! sign+ ( ! treaty1 7mean+ ! capitulation17 ,h>ney 0 direct$ to take a li/ ( su* captures4 ,b ! fir/ s]i\s difficulty sugge/$ to ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 c>ry+ out 8 /ipulations ) ! allies1 appe>s to h be5 a lett] f ,major ,?omas ,*ild1 comm&+ at ,=t ,arm/rong1 in=m+ him t a ,colonel ,dill1 a citiz5 ( ,florida1 0 at t po/1 wi%+ to pass into ! ,indian c\ntry = ! purpose ( reclaim+ c]ta9 negroes :i* he pr(ess$ to h own$1 b :o 7 !n suppos$ to h fl$ to ! ,sem9oles4 ,9 reply to ?is note ,colonel ,*amb]s said3 ,i am in/ruct$ by ! comm&+ ,g5]al to say1 t ',colonel ,dill1' ! p]son :om y report hav+ deta9$ at ,=t ,arm/rong1 mu/ n be p]mitt$ to pass1 b be requir$ to return f :5ce he came ) all conv5i5t dispat*4 ,h]eaft]1 no p]son1 n 9 ! employm5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 or express rid]1 mu/ be all[$ to pass y\r po/4 ,! necessity ( ?is ord]1 & ! /rict en=cem5t ( x1 arise f ! necessity1 t1 if p]sons come =w>d to urge _! claims to negroes1 x w evid5tly prev5t ! negroes f com+ 92 & if !y d n come 91 ! comm&+ ,g5]al is decid$ly ( op9ion1 t ! ,indians !mselves w be greatly delay$1 if n entirely prev5t$1 f compliance ) ! t]ms ( capitulation4 ,! t]m9ation ( ! w> _h be5 reg>d$ z c]ta9 by ! comm&+ (fic]1 & by him s report$4 ,! fir/ article 9 ! capitulation1 provid$ = ! cessation ( ho/ilities4 ,b !y 7 r5ew$ soon aft]1 & ! ,indians & ,exiles *>g$ ) a brea* ( fai?1 bo? by ,g5]al ,jessup & by ! ,executive4 ,& x becomes important to ! tru? ( hi/ory1 t facts %\ld be /at$4 ,! articles ( capitulation pl$g$ ! fai? ( ! nation = ! safety ( bo? p]sons & prop]ty ( ! ,sem9oles & _! allies4 ,^? allies c\ld h be5 no o!r p ?an ! black m5 :o 7 ) !m cont5d+ aga9/ a common foe4 ,x is also evid5t t ,abraham & ! ,exiles :o came 9 = ! purpose ( emigrat+ s und]/ood x4 ,x is equally c]ta9 t ! p ( ,florida :o memorializ$ ! ,secret>y ( ,w> s und]/ood x2 & we ne$ only read ! lett]s & ord]s ( ,g5]al ,jessup to le>n t he surely s und]/ood x3 & ! :ole conduct ( ! ,indians %[s t !y put ! same con/ruction ^u x4 ,:ile1 !re=e1 ju/ice %\ld be done to ,g5]al ,jessup1 we %\ld be c>eful to d no inju/ice to ei!r ! ,sem9oles or ! ,exiles4 ,z fur!r evid5ce ( ,g5]al ,jessup's good fai? at ! "t1 we quote an extract f a lett]1 be>+ date six days lat] ?an ! "o la/ ref]r$ to4 ,x 0 address$ to ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,mill]1 comm&+ at ,tampa ,bay1 & is dat$ ,m>* tw5ty-sev5?1 #ahcg4 ,x is sign$ by ,g5]al ,jessup himself1 :o says3 ,i h also be5 in=m$ t ,mr4 ,cooley's bus9ess at ,tampa ,bay is to look aft] negroes4 ,if t be s1 he mu/ be s5t away2 a trifl+ circum/ance w\ld light up ! w> aga94 ,any int]f]5ce ) ! negroes :i* w\ld produce al>m on _! "p w\ld inevitably deprive u ( all ! advantages we h ga9$4 ,i sympa?ize ) ,mr4 ,cooley 9 8 afflictions & losses2 b responsible z ,i am = ! peace ( ! c\ntry1 ,i _c & w n p]mit t peace to be jeop>diz$ by 8 imprud5ce4 ,b ^! dem&s = slaves increas$4 ,! slavehold]s 7 indignant at ! loss ( slaves1 & x soon became app>5t t ! /ipulation ( safety to ! allies ( ! ,sem9oles 0 unpopul> 9 ,florida4 ,on ! tw5ty-n9? ( ,m>*1 ,g5]al ,jessup wrote ,colonel ,w>n]1 ( ! ,florida ,militia1 say+1 ,!re is no disposition on ! "p ( ! great body ( ! ,indians to r5ew ho/ilities2 & !y w1 ,i am sure1 fai?fully fulfill _! engagem5ts1 if ! inhabitants ( ,florida be prud5t3 b any attempt to seize _! negroes1 or o!r prop]ty1 w\ld be foll[$ by an in/ant resort to arms4 ,i h "s hopes ( induc+ bo? ,indians & ,indian negroes to unite 9 br++ 9 ! negroes tak5 f ! citiz5s dur+ ! w>4 ,9 ?is lett]1 ,g5]al ,jessup beg9s to modify 8 =m] position4 ,he /ill ent]ta9s no fe> ( ! ,indians1 if _! negroes or o!r prop]ty be n int]f]$ )1 & sugge/s ! hope t he may effect an arrangem5t ) ! ,indians & ,indian negroes to br+ 9 7t is1 to surr5d] up17 ! negroes tak5 dur+ ! w>4 ,?is lett] gives ! fir/ evid5ce1 :i* we f9d on record1 ( ,g5]al ,jessup's int5tion to modify or disreg>d ! solemn compact he _h made1 or to make ano!r ) ! ,indians & ,indian negroes by :i* !y %\ld betray ^? :o _h fl$ to !m dur+ ! w>4 ,b t he did make "s arrangem5t ( t "* ) ! *iefs1 we are l$ to inf] f a lett] be>+ date ,may fif?1 #ahcg1 address$ to ,g5]al ,jessup by ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 in=m+ him t 8 articles ( capitulation ) ! ,sem9oles _h be5 submitt$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 toge!r ) 8 lett]s ( ! fir/ & fifte5? ( ,april1 & _h be5 approv$2 & ! writ] !n adds3 ,9 relation to ! negroes captur$ by ! ,sem9oles & to be surr5d]$1 ,i am direct$ to say1 t y\r arrangem5t = hav+ !m deliv]$ to (fic]s ( po/s on ! ,/4 ,john's ,riv]1 is approv$4#ie ,?is lett] also directs ,g5]al ,jessup to keep a regi/ry ( all negroes deliv]$ to citiz5s1 %[+ _! names1 age1 sex1 etc4 ,a g5]al ord]1 dat$ ,tampa ,bay1 ,april fif?1 & numb]$ sev5ty-n9e1 ann\nces fir/1 ,! comm&+ ,g5]al has reason to believe t ! int]f]5ce ( unpr9cipl$ :ite m5 ) ! negro prop]ty ( ! ,sem9ole ,indians w prev5t _! emigration1 & lead to a r5ewal ( ! w>4 ,responsible z he is = ! peace & security ( ! c\ntry1 he w n p]mit su* int]f]5ce "u any pret5se :atsoev]4 ,& he !re=e ord]s t no :ite man1 n 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 be all[$ to ent] any "p ( ! t]ritory1 betwe5 ! ,/4 ,john's & ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 s\? ( ,=t ,drane4 ,on ! eigh? ( ,april1 ,g5]al ,jessup wrote ,colonel ,h>ney1 say+1 ,i h made an arrangem5t ) ! *iefs to-day to surr5d] ! negroes ( :ite m51 p>ticul>ly ^? tak5 dur+ ! w>4 ,) :at p>ticul> *iefs ?is arrangem5t 0 made1 or :at 7 ! t]ms ( ! arrangem5t1 ! ,au?or has n le>n$2 yet1 z we %all see h]eaft]1 he repres5t$ x to h be5 made at ,=t ,k+ ) ,co-,hadjo1 an unimportant *ief1 & !n attempt$ to hold ! ,sem9ole ,nation responsible = ,co-,hadjo's promise4 ,b "u ^! circum/ances1 ! read] w ask :at consid]ation 0 paid ,co-,hadjo to bribe him to ent] into su* a contract8 ,t *ief & ,g5]al ,jessup & ,g5]al ,cass1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 mu/ h kn[n he possess$ no p[] to b9d ! ,sem9ole ,nation1 nor to surr5d] ^? p]sons to slav]y4 ,x w long rema9 a subject ( inquiry4 ,:y did ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t sanction ?is violation ( ! solemn articles ( capitulation1 :i* ^! (fic]s t]m$ a treaty1 & :i* c]ta9ly possess$ all ! solemnity & b9d+ =ce ( a treaty8 ,!re is also an inexplicable obscurity att5d+ ?is subject4 ,g5]al ,jessup wrote ,colonel ,h>ney1 on ! eigh? ( ,april1 t he _h t day made ! arrangem5t1 etc42 :ile ! ,secret>y ( ,w> /ates t he _h le>n$ ( ?is arrangem5t by ,g5]al ,jessup's two lett]s1 dat$ ! fir/ & fifte5? ( ,april4 ,"o ( ^! lett]s appe>s to be> date sev5 days be=e1 & ! o!r sev5 days aft]1 ! day on :i* he decl>es ! arrangem5t 0 made4 ,! )hold+ ( su* fact sev5 days f ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t w\ld be z incompatible ) milit>y duty z ! giv+ x sev5 days be=e its exi/5ce1 is irreconcilable ) ! common p]ceptions ( mank9d4 ,9 sev]al in/ances1 ,g5]al ,jessup _h =etold t a r5ewal ( ! w> w\ld foll[ any attempt to deliv] up negroes to ! claimants 9 ,florida1 & x w\ld appe> t he mu/ h expect$ t result2 b he communicat$ to ! comm&ants ( ne>ly all ! diff]5t po/s1 t he _h made arrangem5ts ) ! *iefs = return+ slaves captur$ dur+ ! w>4 ,b1 up to ! tw5ty-six? ( ,april1 he /eadily insi/$ t no obligation re/$ ^u ! ,indians to br+ 9 runaway negroes :o _h fl$ to !m be=e ! w>4 ,on ! tw5ty-six?1 he wrote ,colonel ,br[n1 ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 say+3--,i h made arrangem5ts ) ! ,indians = ! deliv]y ( ! negroes captur$ dur+ ! w>4 ,!y are to be deliv]$1 if !y c be tak5 )\t delay+ ! ,indians 9 _! movem5ts1 at ! po/s on ! ,/4 ,john's4 ,! ,indians are n b\nd to surr5d] runaway negroes4 ,!y mu/1 & %all1 give up ^? tak5 dur+ ! w>3 at all ev5ts1 !y %all n take !m out ( ! c\ntry4 ,fur!r ?an t1 ,i %all n int]f]e4 ,b :ile relat+ facts on ?is subject1 we %\ld be unfai?ful to ! tru? ( hi/ory 7 we to omit ! lett] :i* ?is (fic] wrote1 on ! foll[+ day1 to ,hon4 ,j4 ,l4 ,smi?1 a citiz5 ( ,florida4 ,?is lett]1 be>+ date at ,tampa ,bay on ! tw5ty-sev5? ( ,april1 #ahcg1 says3 ,i receiv$1 ye/]day1 y\r lett] ( ! eighte5?1 ) a li/ ( ! slaves :i* y claim4 ,ansel is ! only "o ( ! ?ree :o has be5 tak54 ,i h him employ$1 at "o ( ! int]ior po/s1 z an int]pret]4 ,! negroes g5]ally h tak5 ! al>m1 & b few ( !m come 92 & ^? :o rema9 out1 prev5t ! ,indians f com+4 ,b = ! premature attempts ( "s citiz5s ( ,florida to obta9 possession ( _! slaves1 a majority ( ^? tak5 by ! ,indians dur+ ! w>1 z well z ^? :o abscond$ previ\s to x1 w\ld h be5 secur$ be=e ?is "t4 ,m ?an ?irty negro m5 7 9 & ne> my camp1 :5 "s ( ! citiz5s1 :o _h lo/ negroes1 came to dem& !m4 ,! ,indian-negroes imm$iately disappe>$1 & h n be5 he>d ( s9ce4 ,x is believ$ t1 9 ! conduct+ ( ?is second ,sem9ole w>1 no act ( any public (fic] w h]eaft] appe> m inexplicable ?an ! conduct ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 reg>d to ?is /ipulation 9 favor ( ! ,exiles4 ,no p]son c suppose !re 0 any d\bt 9 reg>d to ! orig9al design ( ?is /ipulation4 ,he at fir/ appe>s det]m9$ to c>ry x out 9 good fai?2 ?is 0 be=e he le>n$ ! compla9t ( ! slavehold]s ( ,florida1 made to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,he next express$ 8 int5tion to make an arrangem5t ) ! *iefs to surr5d] negroes captur$ dur+ ! w>--z ?\gh ! *iefs 7 au?oriz$ to consign _! allies to slav]y4 ,he next says he _h made su* an arrangem5t1 b fails to say ) :om4 ,at l5g? x comes out1 9 ! future hi/ory1 t he alleges x to h be5 made ) ,co-,hadjo1 an obscure *ief1 9 no way a p>ty to ! capitulation1 or connect$ ) x4 ,& f9ally1 9 ?is lett] to ,judge ,smi?1 he intimates t he w\ld h betray$ _m ( ^? allies to slav]y1 if ! p ( ! ,t]ritory _h be5 quiet4 ,our pres5t duty1 h[ev]1 is to record facts1 )\t ask+ att5tion to ! int5d$ trea*]y or fraud ( individuals2 b ?is av[$ int5tion ( entrapp+ ! negroes by induc+ !m to come 9 "u ! expectation ( emigrat+ ,we/ ) _! ,sem9ole fri5ds1 & !n consign !m to bondage1 mu/ attract ! att5tion & excite ! wond] ( ,*ri/ian m54 ,?is wond] is increas$ by ! fact1 t language is con/antly us$ by slavehold]s app>5tly int5d$ to mislead ! ,nor!rn read]4 ,= in/ance1 ,g5]al ,jessup speaks ( slaves captur$ dur+ ! w>1 z ?\gh ! ,indians made prison]s ( slaves4 ,?is is believ$ to be entirely )\t f\ndation4 ,slaves be+ reg>d$ by ,s\!rn m5 z prop]ty1 incapable ( ?\ght1 :5ev] !y fl$ f _! ma/]s & s\ght an asylum ) ! ,indians1 ! ma/]s spoke ( !m z captur$4 ,soon u x 0 kn[n t slaves 7 to be seiz$ & return$1 claims 7 pref]r$ f all qu>t]s4 ,! correspond5ce on ?is subject1 n[ 9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,w>1 w\ld ( itself =m a volume1 if quot$ at l5g?4 ,spani>ds s5t 9 claims = slaves lo/ :ile ! ,t]ritory 0 9 possession ( ,spa91 9 #ahjb & #ahjc4 ,claims f ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 f ,georgia1 ,alabama & ,florida1 & f ,creek ,indians1 7 pres5t$ to ! comm&ants ( diff]5t po/s4 ,slavehold]s evid5tly felt t !y 7 to be p]mitt$ to seize su* color$ prison]s z !y c\ld lay _! h&s ^u1 & enslave !m4 ,!y no long] wait$ = black prison]s to be br\ght to ! ,/4 ,john's1 or o!r po/s1 b l wolves gre$y = _! prey1 !y hurri$ into ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 & risk$ _! lives 9 ord] to secure victims = ! slave-m>kets4 ,! ,legislative ,c\ncil ( ,florida became affect$ ) ?is g5]al mania1 & 9 ! mo/ =mal mann] decl>$ ! "r ( ma/]s to rega9 possession ( _! slaves1 )\t reg>d to ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t or its (fic]s4 ,f9d+ ,g5]al ,jessup incapable ( resi/+ ! popul> clamor1 ! claimants = slaves op5ly dem&$ a revocation ( ! ,g5]al ,ord]1 by :i* !y 7 prohibit$ f ent]+ ! ,indian t]ritory = ! purpose ( seiz+ slaves4 ,a public meet+ ( ! citiz5s ( v>i\s p>ts ( ,florida1 0 held at ,san ,augu/9e1 & a committee appo9t$ to remon/rate ) ,g5]al ,jessup1 & procure a rescission ( 8 ord]1 ,no4 #gi1 prohibit+ !m f ent]+ ! ,t]ritory1 betwe5 ! ,/4 ,john's ,riv] & ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 s\? ( ,=t ,drane4 ,! committee address$ him 9 a long1 writt5 prote/1 9 :i* !y decl>e1 ! rega9+ ( _! slaves con/itutes an object ( sc>cely less mom5t ?an t ( peace to ! c\ntry4#if ,g5]al ,jessup n[ began to modify 8 ord]1 ,no4 #gi1 s z to admit citiz5s to ent] ! ,t]ritory z f> s\? z ! road lead+ f ,)lacoo*ee to ,volusi2 &1 on ! fir/ ( ,may1 s in=m$ ,major ,mc,clintock1 comm&+ at ,=t ,drane4 ,on ! day foll[+1 he address$ a lett] to ,brig4 ,g5]al ,armi/ead1 direct+ t (fic] to consid] ,ord] ,no4 #gi s f> modifi$1 t citiz5s w be p]mitt$ to visit any ( ! po/s on ! ,/4 ,john's1 & to trav]se or rema9 9 any "p ( ! c\ntry s\? ( ,)lacoo*ee4 ,!re are l>ge h]ds ( cattle 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry :i* no d\bt belong to ! citiz5s1 & by all[+ !m to g into ! c\ntry1 !y may p]haps secure a l>ge portion ( !m4 ,x w be recollect$1 t ,g5]al ,scott w\ld n p]mit ! p ( ,florida to int]f]e 9 ! dis*>ge ( 8 (ficial duties1 & t !y1 ?r\gh _! repres5tative 9 ,congress1 _h dem&$ 8 removal f comm& ( ! army4 ,!y n[ appli$ directly to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 remon/rat+ aga9/ ! action ( ,g5]al ,jessup2 & x is possible t (fic] deem$ x prud5t to yield to _! dictation4 ,be t z x may1 x is c]ta9 t he n[ l5t ! p[] ( ! army to c>ry out ! wi%es ( ! citiz5s4 ,(fic]s & m5 7 detail$ to take black prison]s--:o _h come 9 & surr5d]$ ) ! expectation ( emigrat+ ,we/--f _! places ( r5dezv\s to c]ta9 po9ts :]e x w\ld be mo/ conv5i5t = claimants to receive !m4 ,on ! sev5te5? ( ,april1 ,major ,*ur*ill1 aid to ,g5]al ,jessup1 wrote ,colonel ,h>ney1 say+1 ,i am in/ruct$ by ! comm&+ ,g5]al to ackn[l$ge ! receipt to-day ( y\r lett] ( ! sev5? in/ant1 & to in=m y t ! negro prison]s captur$ f ! ,indians1 & suppos$ to belong to ! :ite p1 7 s5t f ?is place1 on ! elev5? in/ant1 to ,lieut5ant ,d4 ,h4 ,v9ton1 at ,/4 ,m>ks1 = ! purpose ( be+ return$ to _! own]s4 ,! ,indians h agre$ to s5d all slaves1 tak5 f :ite p dur+ ! w>1 to ,=t ,mellon & ,volusi2 & runn]s are n[ employ$ 9 ! int]ior on t s]vice4 ,on ! same day1 in=mation 0 giv5 to ,william ,de ,pay/]1 t sev5 ( ! numb] s5t to ,volusi probably belong$ to him4 ,on ! same day also1 ,a4 ,=re/] 0 in=m$ ( ! fact1 t ^? slaves _h be5 s5t to ,/4 ,m>ks1 & t six ( ! numb] probably belong$ to him4 ,o!r plans 7 devis$ = secur+ slaves1 z we are in=m$ by a lett] f ,g5]al ,jessup to ,e4 ,k4 ,call1 ,gov]nor ( ,florida1 dat$ eighte5? ( ,april1 #ahcg1 9 :i* he says3 ,if ! citiz5s ( ! t]ritory be prud5t1 ! w> may be consid]$ at an end2 b any attempt to int]f]e ) ! ,indian negroes1 or to arre/ any ( ! *iefs or w>riors z debtors or crim9als1 w\ld cause an imm$iate resort to arms4 ,! negroes control _! ma/]s2 & h he>d ( ! act ( y\r legislative c\ncil4 ,?irty or m ( ! ,indian negro m5 7 ne> my camp on ! ,)lacoo*ee 9 ,m>* la/2 b ! arrival ( two or ?ree citiz5s ( ,florida1 said to be 9 se>* ( negroes1 caus$ !m to disp]se1 & ,i d\bt :e!r !y w come 9 aga92 at all ev5ts ! emigration w be delay$ a mon? ,i appreh5d 9 consequ5ce ( ?is al>m among ! negroes4 ,! emigration ( ^? ,indians :o _h come 9 to ,=t ,brooke1 & regi/]$ !mselves z ready = emigration1 0 delay$ 9 consequ5ce ( ! difficulty ( collect+ ^? :o 7 expect$2 & ,g5]al ,jessup began to see ! effects :i* 8 violation ( ! articles ( capitulation _h wr\ght on ! m9ds ( bo? ,indians & negroes4 ,inde$1 he _h 9 pla9 & di/9ct language repeat$ly affirm$ t ! negroes controll$ ! ,indians2 t any int]f]5ce ) ! negroes w\ld cause a resort to arms2 yet he himself subsequ5tly ord]$ negroes to be s\ght out1 sep>at$ f _! fri5ds1 & deliv]$ ov] to slav]y4 ,! %ips 7 yet ly+ 9 ! h>bor4 ,ab\t sev5 hundr$ ,indians 7 encamp$ ready = emigration1 & _h be5 wait+ = o!rs to jo9 !m4 ,impati5t at delay & disappo9tm5t1 on ! tw5ty fif? ( ,may1 he wrote ,colonel ,h>ney1 z foll[s3 ,if y see ,p[ell 7,osceola7 aga91 ,i wi% y to tell him t ,i int5d to s5d explor+ & survey+ p>ties into e "p ( ! c\ntry dur+ ! summ]1 & t ,i %all s5d out & take all ! negroes :o belong to ! :ite p1 & he mu/ n all[ ! ,indians or ,indian negroes to mix ) !m4 ,tell him ,i am s5d+ to ,cuba = bloodh\nds to trail !m1 & ,i int5d to hang e "o ( !m :o does n come 94 ,?is int5tion to renslave ! ,exiles :o _h rec5tly tak5 up _! resid5ce ) ! ,sem9oles became kn[n1 & creat$ g5]al al>m4 ,_m ( ! blacks1 :o _h come 9 = ! purpose ( emigrat+1 became al>m$ & fl$2 & ,g5]al ,jessup1 d\btful :e!r m c\ld be obta9$ by peaceful means1 seiz$ ab\t n9ety ,exiles :o 7 conf9$ )9 ! pickets at ,tampa ,bay1 on ! second ( ,june1 & at once ord]$ !m to ,new ,orleans1 "u ! *>ge ( ,lieut5ant ,g4 ,h4 ,trevitt1 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,m>9es4 ,?is /ruck ! ,indians & ,exiles ) a/oni%m5t4 ,! *iefs1 w>riors & families1 numb]+ "s sev5 hundr$1 :o _h collect$ at ,tampa ,bay = ! purpose ( emigrat+ to ! we/]n c\ntry1 ?9k+ !mselves betray$1 n[ fl$ to _! =m] fa/nesses1 f> 9 ! int]ior1 & once m det]m9$ to def5d _! lib]ties or die 9 ! attempt4 ,a few1 h[ev]1 7 secur$ at o!r po/s1 & s5t to ,new ,orleans1 :]e !y 7 deliv]$ ov] to ,qu>t]-,ma/] ,cl>k1 & conf9$ at ,=t ,pike4 ,on ! f\rte5? ( ,june1 ,g5]al ,jessup1 writ+ ,g5]al ,gadsd5 ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 says3 ,all is lo/1 & pr9cipally1 ,i fe>1 by ! influ5ce ( ! negroes--! p :o 7 ! subject ( our correspond5ce4 99 99 99 ,i seiz$1 & s5t (f to ,new ,orleans1 ab\t n9ety ,indian negroes1 & ,i h ab\t sev5te5 "h4 ,i h captur$ n9ety1 ! prop]ty ( citiz5s2 all ( :om h be5 s5t to ,/4 ,m>ks & ,/4 ,augu/9e1 except f\r at ?is place1 twelve at ,=t ,mellon1 & six :o di$4 ,g5]al ,jessup n[ saw t bo? ,sem9ole ,indians & negroes _h cle> conceptions ( ju/ice & honor4 ,t 8 ef=ts to deliv] ov] negroes to slav]y _h defeat$ ! entire object ( ! articles ( capitulation ( ! eighte5? ( ,m>*4 ,! ,indians _h fl$4 ,! negroes1 except ^? :o 7 imprison$1 _h fl$4 ,! tw5ty-six vessels1 collect$ at ,tampa ,bay to transport !m to ,new ,orleans1 7 yet idle2 &1 to use 8 own words1 all 0 lo/6 ,abraham1 act+ = 8 bre?r5 :ile ,we/1 9 #ahcc1 _h caus$ ! article to be ins]t$ 9 ! supplem5tal treaty1 giv+ ! ,sem9oles a sep>ate c\ntry = _! settlem5t4 ,9 =m+ ! articles ( capitulation ) g5]al ,jessup1 he aga9 exhibit$ 8 capacity = negotiation2 obta9+ ! ins]tion ( an article :i*1 if c>ri$ out1 w\ld h prov$ a triumphant v9dication ( _! cause4 ,b f ?is second manife/ation ( 8 p[]s = negotiation1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f\nd x necess>y to rec$e1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 its designs ( enslav+ ! ,exiles4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,r5ewal ,,& ,,prosecution ,,( ,,! ,,w>4 ,objects ( ! fir/ & second ,sem9ole ,w>--,action ( ,g5]al ,jessup & ! ,executive 9 reg>d to ! ,capitulation--,8 alleg$ arrangem5t--,resumes ho/ilities ) int5t to c>ry out orig9al design ( ,g5]al ,jackson--,e/abli%es a s]ies ( =ays = ! capture ( ,negroes--,*octaws & ,delaw>es employ$--,*]okees refuse--,s5d a ,delegation to make peace--,ross1 ! ,*]okee ,*ief1 addresses a ,lett] to ,wild ,cat1 ,osceola1 & o!rs--,difficulty ) ,creek ,w>riors--,g5]al ,ord]--,g5]al ,jessup's policy--,creek ,w>riors dis*>g$--,capture ( ,k+ ,phillip--,8 message to ,wild ,cat--,influ5ce ( ,*]okees--,wild ,cat be>s plume1 etc41 f ,osceola to ,g5]al ,jessup1 propos+ to negotiate--,jessup s5ds back answ]--,wild ,cat1 ,osceola & ,exiles come 9 to ,=t ,peyton--,are betray$--,seiz$ z prison]s--,imprison$ at ,san ,augu/9e--,wild ,cat escapes--,?rill+ ,n>rative--,*]okee ,delegation induce ,micanopy1 ,cl\d & o!rs to visit ,g5]al ,jessup--,!y too are seiz$1 & "o hundr$ ,exiles captur$--,extraord9>y conduct ( ,g5]al ,jessup--,*]okees leave 9 disgu/4 ,by ! articles ( capitulation1 ent]$ into on ! six? ( ,m>* 7#ahcg71 ! second ,sem9ole ,w> _h be5 t]m9at$4 ,g5]al ,jessup s reg>d$ x1 & s decl>$ x4 ,! ,exiles & ,indians s reg>d$ x1 & "s eight hundr$ came 9 "u x & regi/]$ _! names = emigration1 9 good fai?4 ,! p ( ,florida reg>d$ x 9 t light1 & remon/rat$ aga9/ x4 ,!y decl>$ x a treaty ( peace2 b compla9$ ( its t]ms1 = ! reason t x gave up ! slaves :om !y claim$ to own4 ,le>n+ ?is dissatisfaction to exi/ among ! slavehold]s ( ,florida1 ,g5]al ,jessup express$1 9 8 correspond5ce1 an int5tion ( mak+ an arrangem5t ) ! *iefs1 by :i* ! slaves belong+ to ! citiz5s ( ,florida1 captur$ dur+ ! w>1 %\ld be giv5 up4 ,:y ^? claim$ by ! citiz5s ( ,florida %\ld be giv5 up1 & ^? escap$ f ,georgia & ,alabama rema9 free1 he has fail$ to %[6 ,:y ^? :o escap$1 or1 z he expresses x1 7 captur$ dur+ ! w>1 %\ld be return$1 & ^? :o escap$ or _h be5 captur$ ! day previ\s to ! comm5cem5t ( ho/ilities1 %\ld n be return$1 he has n expla9$2 b he soon ann\nc$1 t he _h made an arrangem5t ) ! *iefs to deliv] up ^! p]sons2 & at once set ! army at "w to re/ore !m4 ,?is re/oration ( slaves1 ( itself1 con/itut$ a r5ewal ( ! w>4 ,x _h caus$ ! fir/ ,sem9ole w>1 9 #ahaf3 x _h caus$ ?is second ,sem9ole w>1 & ,g5]al ,jessup 0 himself consci\s t su* int]f]5ce ) ! ,exiles w\ld induce a r5ewal ( ho/ilities4 ,t class ( ,exiles 0 num]\s2 !y con/itut$ a portion ( ! allies = ^: safety he _h solemnly pl$g$ ! fai? ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,x 7 useless = ! fri5ds ( ! !n exi/+ ,adm9i/ration to say1 t ,g5]al ,jessup made an arrangem5t ) ! ,indian *iefs = deliv]+ up ^! p4 ,! ,exiles 7 ! p]sons int]e/$ 9 _! own safety1 = :i* !y _h f\ght4 ,no *iefs _h au?ority to sell !m1 or to deliv] !m ov] to int]m9able bondage4 ,b ! read] w inquire1 ) :at p>ticul> *iefs 0 ?is arrangem5t made8 ,:51 & :]e 0 x made8 ,:at 7 its t]ms8 ,! only answ]s1 s f> z we are in=m$1 are to be f\nd 9 ! int]rogatories prop\nd$ to ,osceola & o!r *iefs1 :5 !y 7 captur$1 at ,=t ,peyton1 on ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,octob] foll[+4 ,g5]al ,jessup's fir/ writt5 int]rogatory 01 ,are !y 7! *iefs7 prep>$ to deliv] up ! negroes tak5 f ! citiz5s8 ,:y h !y n surr5d]$ !m already1 z promis$ by ,co-,hadjo1 at ,=t ,k+8 ,"h he m]ely claim$ a promise f ,co-,hadjo1 an obscure *ief1 :o 0 n a p>ty to ! capitulation--did n sign x1 & s f> z we are in=m$1 0 n pres5t :5 x 0 ent]$ into4 ,b1 to %[ t no obligation :atev] re/$ on ! *iefs 9 ?is matt]1 8 next int]rogatories 71 ,h ! *iefs ( ! ,nation held a ,c\ncil 9 relation to ! subjects ( ! talk at ,=t ,k+8 ,:at *iefs att5d$ t ,c\ncil1 & :at 0 _! decision8 ,^! que/ions seem to admit1 t ,co-,hadjo _h m]ely promis$ to lay ! subject be=e ! *iefs 9 ,c\ncil2 & "h we f9d ! reasons1 on ! "p ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 = n lay+ ! arrangem5t be=e ! p3 yet1 "u ^! circum/ances1 t (fic] *>ges bad fai? ^u ! ,indians & ,exiles1 9 r5ew+ ! w>4 ,! ,exiles possess$ no means ( in=m+ ! ,am]ican p1 & o!r nations1 z to ^! facts1 or ( ma9ta9+ _! honor aga9/ ?is *>ge ( hav+ violat$ _! plight$ fai?4 ,9 r5ew+ ho/ilities1 ,g5]al ,jessup appe>s to h fully det]m9$ on c>ry+ out ! designs ( ,g5]al ,jackson1 9 #ahaf1 :5 he direct$ ,g5]al ,ga9es to de/roy ! =t1 & return ! slaves to _! own]s4 ,f ?is "t =w>d1 he l5t 8 en]gies1 & ! p[] ( ! army1 to ! object ( captur+ & return+ slaves4 ,he also deem$ x necess>y to *ange ! mode ( prosecut+ ! w>1 & to make x a s]ies ( =ays = ! capture & enslavem5t ( ! ,exiles4 ,he _h1 ! previ\s ye>1 ent]$ into a contract ) ! ,creek ,indians1 by :i* he /ipulat$ to pay !m a l>ge pecuni>y comp5sation1 & to all[ !m to hold all ! plund] 7negroes7 :om !y might capture1 z prop]ty4 ,he n[ evid5tly believ$ t su* inducem5ts1 held out to ! ,florida militia1 w\ld h an effect to /imulate !m to great] ef=t4 ,on ! elev5? ( ,june1 he wrote ,colonel ,w>r51 say+1 ,!re is no obligation to sp>e ! prop]ty ( ! ,indians2 !y h n sp>$ t ( ! citiz5s4 ,_! negroes1 cattle & horses1 z well z o!r prop]ty :i* !y possess1 w belong to ! corps by :i* !y are captur$4 ,! same ord]s 7 communicat$ to ! ,comm&ants ( o!r po/s1 & to ! militia f o!r ,/ates2 & ! sy/em by :i* ! negroes & o!r prop]ty 7 to be di/ribut$ among ! captors1 0 prescrib$ 9 a lett] to ,colonel ,heilman1 decl>+ ! field (fic]s entitl$ to ?ree %>es1 ! company (fic]s to receive two %>es1 & ! non-commission$ (fic]s & soldi]s "o %>e ea*4 ,^! arrangem5ts 71 ( c\rse1 all duly c]tifi$ to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 & approv$1 & !reby became acts ( ! ,adm9i/ration4 ,! lett]s ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 writt5 dur+ ! summ] & autumn ( #ahcg1 to ,colonel ,cr[ell1 at ,=t ,mit*ell1 ,alabama2 to ,colonel ,mills1 ( ,newmansville1 ,florida2 to ,?omas ,craghill1 ,esq41 ( ,alabama2 to ,capta9 ,david ,s4 ,walk]1 ,capta9 ,bonneville & ,capta9 ,arm/rong2#ig all %[1 conclusively1 t ! w> 0 to be conduct$ by ! organization ( slave-cat*+ =ays1 9 :i* ! troops 7 expect$ to p5etrate ! ,indian ,c\ntry = ! purpose ( captur+ negroes4 ,dur+ ! sickly season no active op]ations aga9/ ! allies c\ld be c>ri$ on1 & ! "t 0 occupi$ 9 prep>+ = ! m vigor\s prosecution ( ho/ilities1 s soon z ! unheal?y mon?s %\ld be pass$4 ,9 ord] to c>ry out ^! =ays1 ! ,indians resid+ we/ ( ! ,mississippi 7 appli$ to = assi/ance4 ,! ,*octaws & ,delaw>es furni%$ _m individuals ^: l[ moral developm5t did n prev5t _! engag+ 9 ! propos$ piratical exp$itions1 = seiz+ & enslav+ _! fell[-m52 b ( ! precise numb] ( individuals ?us furni%$1 we h no au!ntic in=mation4 ,! ,*]okees h[ev] appe> to h reject$ a proposition :i*1 to !m1 appe>$ incompatible ) ! civilization ( t tribe2 !y evid5tly felt deep sympa?y = _! bre?r51 ! ,sem9oles1 z well z = ! ,exiles4 ,!y agre$ to furni% a delegation :o %\ld1 9 a fri5dly mann]1 visit ! ,sem9oles1 /ate to !m ! condition ( ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 & advise !m 9 good fai? to emigrate4 ,at t p]iod ,john ,ross 0 act+ z pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,*]okee ,nation4 ,he 0 ! son ( a weal?y :ite man1 :o _h long be5 engag$ z an ,indian trad]4 ,8 "m 0 a ,*]okee4 ,ross _h be5 educat$3 _h se5 ! advantages ( civilization1 & ( ,*ri/ianity1 & 0 at ! "t1 & _h long be5 engag$1 9 promot+ civilization among 8 own p4 ,x w readily be suppos$1 t ! feel+s ( su* a man w\ld revolt at a proposition = 8 p to engage 9 ! capture & enslavem5t ( any portion ( ! human family4 ,! correspond5ce betwe5 ,ross & ! ,secret>y ( ,w> is int]e/+1 & its p]usal w\ld well comp5sate ! curi\s read]4#ih ,?is delegation f ! ,*]okees consi/$ ( "s twelve ( _! mo/ influ5tial m54 ,!y bore ) !m an address f ,ross1 writt5 ) great ability & s9c]ity4 ,among o!r ?+s1 he assur$ ! ,sem9oles t !y might confide 9 ! ju/ice & honor ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4#ii ,?is address 0 direct$ to ,micanopy1 ,osceola & ,wild ,cat1 ! ?ree mo/ p[]ful & w>like *iefs among ! ,sem9oles4 ,! ,creek w>riors _h engag$ to s]ve until ! ,sem9oles 7 conqu]$2 b aft] ! dea? ( ,capta9 ,moniac1 & _! o!r fri5ds :o fell 9 ! ,great ,wahoo ,swamp1 !y _h %[n a disposition r to avoid dang] ?an to cat* negroes2 & x 0 deem$ prop] to dis*>ge !m4 ,b difficulties int]v5$ 9 reg>d to ! division ( ! negroes claim$ to h be5 captur$ by !m1 :ile act+ 9 conc]t ) our troops4 ,"s n9ety negroes _h be5 captur$1 9 ^: bones & muscles1 blood & s9ews1 sev5 hundr$ ,creek w>riors claim$ an int]e/2 :ile ! ,t5nesseeans1 & o!r troops1 _h be5 9 ! field act+ ) ! ,creeks at ! "t ( capture2 & ! ,creeks c\ld1 9 equity1 claim only a pro rata int]e/4 ,g5]al ,jessup h[ev] met ! difficulty ) promptness1 &1 to put an end to all future /rife & discont5t1 he issu$ ! foll[+3 ,,ord] ,no4 #age4 ,,tampa ,,bay1 ,sept4 #f1 #ahcg4 #a4 ,! ,sem9ole negroes captur$ by ! army1 w be tak5 on acc\nt ( ,gov]nm5t & held subject to ! ord]s ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4 #b4 ,! sum ( eight ?\s& doll>s w be paid to ! ,creek *iefs & w>riors by :om !y 7 captur$1 or :o 7 pres5t at _! capture1 9 full = _! claims2 ! am\nt to be apportion$ among ! battalions 9 proportion to ! numb]s respectively tak5 by ea*1 viz3 ,to ! fir/ battalion1 five ?\s& sev5 hundr$ doll>s2 to ! second battalion1 two ?\s& doll>s2 & to ! spy battalion1 ?ree hundr$ doll>s4 #c4 ,to induce ! ,creeks to take alive1 & n de/roy1 ! negroes ( citiz5s :o _h be5 captur$ by ! ,sem9oles1 a rew>d 0 promis$ !m = all !y %\ld secure4 ,!y h captur$ & secur$ ?irty-five1 :o h be5 return$ to _! own]s4 ,! own]s h paid no?+1 b ! promise to ! ,indians mu/ be fulfill$4 ,! sum ( tw5ty doll>s w be all[$ !m = ea*1 f ! public funds4 #d4 ,lieut5ant ,fr$]ick ,se>le is *>g$ ) ! execution ( ?is ord]4 ,he w cause acc\nts to be made1 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & receipts tak5 f ! ,indians 9 full1 = all claims to ! negroes1 bo? ( ! ,sem9oles & citiz5s4 ,lieut5ant ,se>le w call on ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al = funds to enable him to comply ) ?is ord]4 #e4 ,until fur!r ord]s1 ! ,sem9ole negroes w rema9 at ,=t ,pike1 ,l\isiana1 9 *>ge ( ! ,assi/ant ,qu>t]-,ma/] at ,new ,orleans1 & 9 cu/ody ( ! ,comm&+ ,(fic] ( ! po/4 ,!y w be f$ & clo!d at ! public exp5se4 ,?is ord] 0 report$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 & on ! sev5? ( ,octob] 0 approv$ & became ! act ( ! ,executive2 & ! p ( ! nation became ! actual own]s ( ^! n9ety slaves1 s f> z ! ,executive c\ld b9d !m to ! own]%ip ( human fle%4 ,su* 01 und\bt$ly1 ! view ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 :o1 on ! f\rte5? ( ,septemb]1 wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 say+1 ,! ,sem9ole negro prison]s are n[ ! prop]ty ( ! public4 ,i h promis$ ,abraham ! fre$om ( 8 family1 if he prove fai?ful to u2 & ,i %all surely hang him if he be n fai?ful4#ajj ,?is ref9em5t 9 cruelty by :i* ! life & lib]ty ( a man & 8 family is held out z a bribe to induce him to prove traitor to 8 own k9dr$ & nation1 or to be hang$1 & 8 family enslav$ 9 case ( refusal1 appe>s wor?y a place 9 ! hi/ory ( our ,gov]nm5t1 9 ord] t our successors may h a correct idea ( its adm9i/ration4 ,! int5tion to enslave ,abraham's wife1 :o 0 an ,indian woman & _h be5 ! wife ( ! =m] *ief ( ! nation1 & n[ ! wife ( ! pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,exiles1 exhibits a total disreg>d ( ! feel+s & sympa?ies ( ! human he>t1 z well z ( ! prejudices & condition ( bo? ,exiles & ,sem9oles4 ,^! ,exiles 7 at ,=t ,pike1 ne> ,new ,orleans1 :]e we w leave !m = ! pres5t1 to pursue our n>rative ( ev5ts :i* 7 transpir+ 9 ,florida4 ,on ! n9? ( ,septemb]1 ,g5]al ,jessup wrote ,lieut5ant ,se>le1 z foll[s3 ,y w mu/] ! ,creek regim5t out ( s]vice1 & honorably dis*>ge !m4 ,!n y w proce$ to ,new ,orleans1 & obta9 funds to pay ! ,creeks = ! captur$ negroes4 ,! *iefs & w>riors :o 7 actually 9 ! field at ! "t ( ! capture ( negroes are alone to receive any "p ( ! sum all[$4 ,^? :o rema9$ 9 camp & did n m>* are to receive no?+4 ,y w exam9e ! prison]s at ',=t ,pike1' 7! n9ety ,exiles17 & cause an accurate description to be tak5 ( !m1 specify+ _! names1 ages1 height1 sex1 & su* o!r p>ticul>s z y may deem important4 ,!y mu/ all be com=tably clo!d1 at ! public exp5se1 imm$iately1 by ! ,assi/ant ,qu>t]-,ma/] at ,new ,orleans1 :o w keep !m prop]ly clad4 ,x w\ld appe> t "s difficulty arose ) ! ,*octaw & ,delaw>e w>riors1 :o _h expect$ to receive high] wages ?an ! law all[$ = s]v+ 9 ! army4 ,su* _h be5 done ) ! ,creeks1 & und\bt$ly _h be5 promis$ ! ,*octaws & ,delaw>es4 ,to quiet ^! discont5ts1 ,g5]al ,jessup wrote ,colonel ,dav5port1 on ! sev5? ( ,novemb]1 say+1 ,i regret ! circum/ance to :i* y ref]4 ,! importance ( fulfill+ all our engagem5ts ) ! ,indians ) ! mo/ scrupul\s good fai?1 is unque/ionable4 ,to dismiss !m n[1 might n only co/ u ano!r campaign1 b may cause u difficulties on our we/]n bord]4 ,we mu/ reta9 !m at all haz>ds4 ,i wi% y to assure !m1 t our laws d n au?orize ! paym5t ( ! sum /ipulat$2 b t ! enemy has a l>ge prop]ty1 consi/+ ( ponies1 cattle & negroes1 & t ,i w pay !m = all ! cattle !y take1 & !y w be paid fifty doll>s = e negro4 99 99 99 ,repres5t to !m also1 t our c\ntry is j1 & if !y w s]ve well1 ,i w take _! *iefs to ,wa%+ton1 & repres5t _! case to ! ,great ,c\ncil 7,congress71 & ,i h no d\bt !y w get all t has be5 promis$ !m4 ,he also wrote ,capta9 ,arm/rong ( ! ,*octaw ag5cy1 & ,capta9 ,bonneville1 comm&+ ! ,*octaw w>riors1 enc\rag+ ! ,indians to fai?ful ef=t 9 ord] to obta9 negroes4 ,"s ( ! ,georgia volunte]s appe>$ anxi\s to "k def9itely ! t]ms on :i* !y 7 to expose _! lives 9 ^! slave-cat*+ =ays2 & a lett] 0 address$ to ,brigadi] ,g5]al ,c4 ,h4 ,nelson1 comm&+ ! ,georgia volunte]s1 by ,j4 ,a4 ,*amb]s1 aid to ,g5]al ,jessup1 say+1 ,we h n ! ord] book ) u at ?is mom5t2 b ! ,g5]al directs me to say1 t all ,indian prop]ty captur$ belongs to ! captur]s4 ,on ! same day1 ,g5]al ,h]n&ez ( ! ,florida militia1 f\nd means to secure ,k+ ,phillip1 an ag$ *ief1 :o liv$ "s di/ance s\? ( ,san ,augu/9e1 ) elev5 o!rs ( 8 tribe4 ,x may be reg>d$ z some:at un=tunate1 t hi/ory has fail$ to give u ! p>ticul>s ( ?is capture4 ,! subsequ5t conduct ( ,g5]al ,h]n&ez may lead ! read] to look back ^u ?is incid5t ( ! w> ) "s desire to "k ! mann] ( ,k+ ,phillip's capture2 to und]/& :e!r x 0 peaceful or ho/ile2 & :e!r any1 & h[ _m1 :ite m51 & h[ _m ,indians & ,exiles1 fell 9 ! conflict8 ,b we mu/ pass ov] ^! p>ticul>s1 z we h no au!ntic acc\nt conc]n+ !m4 ,g5]al ,jessup1 :5 call$ on to report to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> z to violations ( ! flag ( truce1 m]ely rem>ks1 incid5tally1 t ,k+ ,phillip & 8 companions 7 captur$ by ,g5]al ,h]n&ez4 ,phillip _h long be5 reg>d$ z a *ief ( influ5ce among ! ,sem9oles4 ,f9d+ himself a prison]1 he became anxi\s to see1 & conv]se )1 "s ( 8 fri5ds2 & ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 at 8 reque/1 gave p]mission1 = "o ( ! prison]s to c>ry ?is talk to 8 family1 invit+ !m to come & visit him 9 8 captivity4 ,! message 0 fai?fully deliv]$ to 8 olde/ son1 already kn[n to ! read] z ,wild ,cat4 ,he _h be5 an active w>rior at ! massacre ( ,dade's battalion2 _h be5 subsequ5tly elevat$ to ! dignity ( a *ief2 _h visit$ ,g5]al ,jessup1 "u ! articles ( capitulation ( ,m>*1 #ahcg1 & at t "t deliv]$ up ,l\is z 8 slave1 dem&+ 8 transportation ,we/ "u ^? articles2 & :5 he le>n$ ! int5tion ( ,g5]al ,jessup to deliv] up a portion ( ! ,exiles to slav]y1 he left ,=t ,brooke1 & aga9 swe>+ v5geance ^u ! enslav]s ( mank9d1 became "o ( ! mo/ active w>riors 9 ! ,sem9ole ,nation4 ,illu/ration3 ,coacoo*ee4 7,wild ,cat47 ,! ,*]okee ,delegation _h rea*$ ! ,indian c\ntry4 ,! address ( ,john ,ross 0 direct$ to ,wild ,cat & ,osceola1 z two ( ! pr9cipal ,sem9ole *iefs4 ,!y 7 toge!r1 & receiv$ ! talk ( ,ross1 ! ,*]okee *ief1 assur+ !m ( ! integrity & honor ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,aft] due consid]ation1 x 0 det]m9$ t ,wild ,cat %\ld comply ) ! filial obligations due to 8 ag$ fa!r1 be>+ ) him ! peace tok5 ( ,osceola1 consi/+ ( a neatly wr\ght bead pipe1 toge!r ) a beautiful :ite plume1 to be pres5t$ to ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 z ! assurance ( ,osceola's pacific desires4 ,co-,hadjo1 ano!r *ief1 bore a simil> message & emblems4 ,^! 7 receiv$ by ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 :o communicat$ imm$iate in=mation !re( to ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,!y 7 propositions = negotiat+ a peace1 =w>d$ at ! special reque/ & advice ( ! ,*]okee ,delegation1 :o 7 active 9 _! ef=ts to /op ! effusion ( blood1 & re/ore h>mony betwe5 our nation & ! ,sem9oles4 ,by direction ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 ,h]n&ez return$ v>i\s pres5ts to ,osceola by ,co-,hadjo1 say+1 t ,g5]al ,jessup & himself w\ld be glad to hold a conf]5ce ) !m4 ,! same assurances & pres5ts 7 giv5 to ,wild ,cat1 :o also became ! mess5g] betwe5 ,g5]al ,jessup & ,g5]al ,h]n&ez on ! "o h&1 & 8 bre?r5 on ! o!r4 ,) ! hope ( effect+ an arrangem5t b5eficial to 8 fri5ds & to mank9d1 ,wild ,cat left ,san ,augu/9e ) ! promise to return 9 t5 days4 ,punctual to ! day1 he return$ ) ! v satisfactory assurance1 t ,osceola1 & "o hundr$ ,indians & z _m ,exiles1 7 on _! way t[>d ,san ,augu/9e1 = ! purpose ( ent]+ ^u negotiations4 ,) ! int5tion ( ha/5+ _! arrival1 & manife/+ an e>ne/ desire = peace1 ,g5]al ,h]n&ez proce$$1 ) ,wild ,cat & o!r fri5dly ,sem9oles1 to meet ! advanc+ *iefs1 "s tw5ty miles s\?-we/ ( ,san ,augu/9e1 at a place call$ ,pelican ,creek4 ,"h he le>n$ t ,osceola w\ld jo9 !m at ev5+4 ,g5]al ,h]n&ez left a quantity ( provisions ) !m1 &1 desir+ !m to select _! encampm5t = ! next day 7,oct4 #bb7 some:]e ne> ,=t ,peyton1 at :i* place he w\ld meet !m ) a prop] escort1 left !m1 & return$ to ,san ,augu/9e4 ,!y accord+ly encamp$ ! next day ne> ,=t ,peyton1 situat$ sev5 miles s\?-we/ f ,san ,augu/9e4 ,!y approa*$ _! encampm5t ) great =mality3 ,osceola & o!r *iefs be>+ :ite flags1 expect+ to meet a suitable escort "u ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 ) ! well-und]/ood int5tions ( ent]+ ^u diplomatic negotiations ) t grave dignity = :i* ! ,indian is s mu* di/+ui%$4 ,^! flags 7 kept fly+ 9 _! encampm5t ?r\gh ! night & ! next morn+4 ,at t5 o'clock 7,oct4 #bc71 ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 accompani$ by 8 /aff & by mo/ ( ,g5]al ,jessup's /aff1 9 full dress1 met !m z _h be5 promis$1 ) ! app>5t purpose ( escort+ !m to head-qu>t]s at ,san ,augu/9e4 ,aft] ! ord9>y salutations _h be5 ex*ang$1 in/ead ( prep>+ to m>*1 ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 f a writt5 pap] sign$ by ,g5]al ,jessup1 read ! foll[+ que/ions address$ to ,osceola3 ,are y prep>$ at once to deliv] up ! negroes tak5 f ! citiz5s8 ,:y h y n surr5d]$ !m already1 z promis$ by ,co-,hadjo at ,=t ,k+8 ,h ! *iefs ( ! nation held a c\ncil on ?is subject8#aja ,osceola exhibit$ ! mo/ p]fect a/oni%m5t at he>+ ^! que/ions prop\nd$ at su* a mom5t4 ,he appe>$1 h[ev]1 in/antly to compreh5d 8 situation4 ,turn+ to ,co-,hadjo1 he said to him 9 8 own dialect1 ,y mu/ answ]2 ,i am *ok$1 at ! same "t exhibit+ unusual emotion = an ,indian *ief4#ajb ,at ?is mom5t1 by a conc]t$ signal1 arm$ troops at once surr\nd$ ! :ole encampm5t1 ga!r$ rapidly 9 ^u ! occupants1 made prison]s ( !m1 & at once dis>m$ !m4 ,!y 7 !n m>*$ to ,san ,augu/9e1 & closely imprison$ 9 ! anci5t ca/le ( t city4 ,!re 0 ab\t an equal numb] ( ,exiles captur$1 at ?is violation ( our plight$ fai?2 !y 71 h[ev]1 s5t to ,tampa ,bay = safe keep+4 ,wild ,cat1 hav+ be5 made ! in/rum5t = betray+ ,osceola & o!r fri5ds1 felt great indignation at :at he reg>d$ z ! p]fidy practic$ ^u him & 8 bre?r51 & det]m9$ to escape f 8 imprisonm5t s soon z an opportunity %\ld (f]4 ,b he 0 imprison$ 9 ! ,ca/le ( ,san ,augu/9e1 ^: gray walls1 l(ty turrets1 battlem5ts & ,ca?olic *apel1 mu/ h pres5t$ to ! "y w>rior a spectacle 9 /rik+ contra/ ) ! rude huts 9 :i* he 0 accu/om$ to lodge1 9 ! int]ior ( ! ,t]ritory4 ,we pref] lett+ him tell ! /ory ( 8 escape1 :i* we copy f ! works ( "o :o 0 !n s]v+ 9 our army4#ajc ,said ,wild ,cat3 ,we 7 9 a small room1 eighte5 or tw5ty feet squ>e4 ,all ! light admitt$ 0 ?r\gh a hole 7embrasure7 ab\t eighte5 feet f ! floor4 ,?r\gh ?is we mu/ effect our escape1 or rema9 & die ) sickness4 ,a s5t9el 0 con/antly po/$ at ! door4 ,z we look$ at x f our b$1 we ?\ght x small1 b believ$ t1 c\ld we get our heads ?r\gh1 we %\ld h no fur!r or s]i\s difficulty4 ,to rea* ! hole 0 ! fir/ object4 ,9 ord] to effect ?is1 we f "t to "t cut up ! =age bags all[$ u to sleep on1 & made !m into ropes4 ,! hole ,i c\ld n rea* :5 ^u ! %\ld] ( my companion2 b1 :ile /&+ ^u 8 %\ld]1 ,i work$ a knife into a crevice ( ! /one-"w z f> z ,i c\ld rea*1 & ^u ?is ,i rais$ myself to ! ap]ture1 :5 ,i f\nd t1 ) "s r$uction ( p]son1 ,i c\ld get ?r\gh4 ,9 ord] to r$uce ourselves z mu* z possible1 we took m$ic9e five days4 ,"u ! pretext ( be+ v sick1 we 7 p]mitt$ to obta9 ! roots we requir$4 ,= "s weeks we wat*$ ! moon1 9 ord] t1 on ! night ( our attempt1 x %\ld be z d>k z possible4 ,at ! prop] "t we comm5c$ ! m$ic9e1 calculat+ on ! entire disappe>ance ( ! moon4 ,! keep] ( ?is prison1 on ! night det]m9$ ^u to make ! ef=t1 annoy$ u by frequ5tly com+ into ! room1 & talk+ & s++4 ,at fir/ we ?\ght ( ty+ him & putt+ 8 head 9 a bag1 s t1 %\ld he call = assi/ance1 he c\ld n be he>d4 ,we fir/1 h[ev]1 tri$ ! exp]im5t ( pret5d+ to be asleep1 &1 :5 he return$1 to pay no reg>d to him4 ,?is accompli%$ our object4 ,he came 9 & w5t imm$iately out2 & we c\ld he> him snore1 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( ! door4 ,i !n took ! rope we _h secret$ "u our b$1 &1 m\nt+ on ! %\ld] ( my comrade1 rais$ myself ^u ! knife work$ into ! crevice ( ! /one1 & succe$$ 9 rea*+ ! embrasure4 ,"h ,i made fa/ ! rope1 t my fri5d might foll[ me4 ,i !n pass$ ?r\gh ! hole a suffici5t l5g? ( x to rea* ! gr\nd ^u ! outside 7ab\t fifty feet71 9 ! dit*3 ,i _h calculat$ ! di/ance :5 go+ = roots4 ,) mu* difficulty ,i succe$$ 9 gett+ my head ?r\gh1 = ! %>p /ones took ! sk9 (f my brea/ & back4 ,putt+ my head ?r\gh fir/1 ,i 0 oblig$ to g d[n head =emo/ until my feet 7 ?r\gh1 fe>+ e mom5t ! rope w\ld break4 ,at la/1 safely on ! gr\nd1 ,i await$ ) anxiety ! arrival ( my comrade4 ,i _h pass$ ano!r rope ?r\gh ! hole1 :i*1 9 ! ev5t ( discov]y1 ,talmeco-,hadjo 0 to pull1 z a signal to me ^u ! outside t he 0 discov]$1 & c\ld n come4 ,z soon z ,i /ruck ! gr\nd1 ,i took hold ( ! signal = intellig5ce f my fri5d4 ,! night 0 v d>k4 ,two m5 pass$ ne> me1 talk+ e>ne/ly1 & ,i c\ld see !m di/9ctly4 ,soon ,i he>d ! /ruggle ( my companion1 f> above me2 he _h succe$$ 9 gett+ 8 head ?r\gh1 b 8 body w\ld come no f>!r4 ,9 ! l[e/ tone ( voice1 ,i urg$ him to ?r[ out 8 brea? & !n try2 soon aft]1 he came tumbl+ d[n ! :ole di/ance4 ,= a few mom5ts ,i ?\ght him dead4 ,i dragg$ him to "s wat] close by1 :i* re/or$ him2 b 8 leg 0 s lame he 0 unable to walk4 ,i took him ^u my %\ld] to a scrub1 ne> t[n4 ,daylight 0 j break+3 x 0 evid5t we mu/ move rapidly4 ,i caught a mule 9 ! adjo9+ field1 &1 mak+ a bridle ( my sa%1 m\nt$ my companion4 ,! mule we us$ "o day2 b fe>+ ! :ites w\ld track u1 we felt m secure on foot 9 ! hommock1 ?\gh mov+ v sl[ly4 ,?us we cont9u$ our j\rney = five days1 subsi/+ on b]ries1 :5 ,i jo9$ my b&1 !n assembl$ on ! head-wat]s ( ! ,tomoka ,riv]1 ne> ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,i gave my w>riors ! hi/ory ( my capture & escape1 & assur$ !m t !y %\ld be satisfi$ my capture 0 no trick ( my own1 & t ,i w\ld n deceive !m4 ,:ile ,wild ,cat & 8 fri5ds 7 imprison$ at ,san ,augu/9e1 ! ,*]okee ,delegation _h be5 actively engag$ 9 ex]tions to induce o!r *iefs & w>riors to come 91 = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ :at negotiations c\ld be effect$ ) ,g5]al ,jessup 9 favor ( peace4 ,_! objects 7 ( ! mo/ humane "*4 ,anxi\s to /op ! fur!r %$d+ ( human blood1 !y _h come a ?\s& miles ^u ?is err& ( m]cy4 ,aft] great ef=t1 ,micanopy1 ! mo/ important *ief 9 ! ,nation1 ,*\d1 ,toskogee1 & ,nocose ,yoholo1 agre$ to accompany a portion ( ! ,*]okee ,delegation to ,g5]al ,jessup's camp1 = ! purpose ( negotiation1 or r to asc]ta9 :e!r fur!r negotiation 7 practicable4 ,!y 7 accompani$ by ab\t sev5ty-five ,indians & =ty ,exiles4 ,!y approa*$ ! ,am]ican camp "u a flag ( truce1 t emblem ( peace1 :i* is recogniz$ z su* by all civiliz$ nations1 & treat$ ) respect4 ,!y rea*$ ,g5]al ,jessup's camp on ! ?ird ( ,decemb]1 9 company ) a "p ( ! ,*]okee ,delegation1 & confid$ !mselves to ! p[] ( ! comm&+ (fic]1 tru/+ to ! honor ( our nation4 ,!y 7 receiv$ ) app>5t respect & good fai?1 & rema9$ 9 camp "u ! expectation ( fur!r negotiation2 ( :i* !re 0 mu* said1 & frequ5t conv]sations held4 ,aft] a few days sp5t 9 ?is way1 ! ,sem9ole *iefs & w>riors 7 unsuspect+ly seiz$1 dis>m$1 made prison]s1 hurri$ on bo>d a /eamboat1 & s5t to ,san ,augu/9e z prison]s ( w>4 ,z ! ,*]okees saw ?is violation ( ! flag1 !y 7 /ruck ) a/oni%m5t1 & began to remon/rate aga9/ an act :i*1 to !m1 appe>$ an outrage ^u ! rules ( civiliz$ w>f>e1 & :i* involv$ !m 9 its guilt4 ,f9d+ remon/rance ( no avail1 !y reque/$ p]mission ( ,g5]al ,jessup to conv]se ) ! ,sem9oles1 9 ord] to assure !m t !y1 ! ,*]okees1 _h act$ 9 good fai?1 & 7 9 no degree cognizant ( ! fraud practic$ ^u ! ,sem9oles1 or implicat$ 9 ! discr$itable violation ( ! flag ( truce4 ,?is privilege1 h[ev]1 0 d5i$ !m4 ,feel+ indignant1 & consci\s t ! ,sem9oles w\ld *>ge !m ) complicity1 9 ?is violation ( fai?1 !y next dem&$ t _! pr9cipal *ief %\ld h an opportunity1 9 ! pres5ce ( su* (fic] or (fic]s z ,g5]al ,jessup may appo9t1 to see ! ,sem9oles1 & expla9 to !m t ! ,*]okees _h 9 no respect p>ticipat$ 9 ! p]fidy practic$ ^u !m4 ,to en=ce ?is reque/1 !y /at$ to ,g5]al ,jessup t1 if ! ,sem9oles 7 s5t ,we/1 !y w\ld !reby become neighbors to ! ,*]okees1 &1 if !y believ$ ! ,*]okee ,delegation to h p>ticipat$ 9 ?is transaction1 !y w\ld nev] =get x1 b w\ld !reaft] be ho/ile to !m4 ,g5]al ,jessup at l5g? cons5t$ to p]mit ! *ief ( ! ,*]okees to expla9 ^! facts to ! ,sem9oles1 9 ! pres5ce ( himself & (fic]s2 b w\ld n suff] any o!r memb] ( ! delegation to att5d him4#ajd ,! ,sem9oles 7 s5t to ,san ,augu/9e2 & t portion ( ! ,*]okees :o _h accompani$ !m to ,g5]al ,jessup's camp1 at once refus$ all fur!r ef=ts to re/ore peace1 & return$ to _! homes2 leav+1 h[ev]1 "s f\r or five ( _! bre?r5 9 ! ,sem9ole c\ntry1 :o1 ignorant ( ! occurr5ces j relat$1 cont9u$ to urge o!r ,sem9oles to make peace ^u su* t]ms z !y believ$ j--assur+ !m t ! ,am]icans dem&$ no?+ m4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,vigor\s ,,prosecution ,,( ,,! ,,w>4 ,g5]al ,za*>y ,taylor--,8 "* & pa/ s]vice--,8 exp$ition--,battle ( ,oke*obee--,8 loss--,returns to ,)lacoo*ee--,repudiates ! "w ( cat*+ ,slaves--,exiles deliv]$ ov] to bondage--,regul> ,troops despise su* ,employm5t--,indian prison]s indignant at ! outrages p]petrat$ aga9/ ! ,exiles--,sep>at$ f ,exiles--,are s5t to ,*>le/on--,exiles to ,tampa ,bay--,fur!r ef=ts to re-enslave ,exiles--,g5]al ,jessup moves ,s\?--,skirmi% ( ,loca ,hat*ee--,erects ,=t ,jupit]--,is p]suad$ to propose peace on basis ( p]mitt+ ,indians & ,exiles to rema9 9 ,florida--,s5ds "o ( ! ,exiles to ! enemy ) ^! propositions--,he returns ) ,hallec ,hajo--,p>ties agree to hold ,c\ncil & endeavor to =m ,treaty on t basis--,indians & ,exiles meet = t purpose--,lett] to ,secret>y ( ,w>--,8 answ]--,indians & ,exiles trea*]\sly seiz$--,_! numb]s--,alligator & o!rs surr5d]--,exiles s5t to ,=t ,pike--,indians s5t to ,*>le/on4 ,sid5ote3 #ahcg4 ,g5]al ,za*>y ,taylor 0 9 comm& ( an effici5t =ce 9 ! we/]n "p ( ,florida1 hold+ 8 head-qu>t]s at ,tampa ,bay4 ,he _h be5 ?irty ye>s 9 s]vice2 _h di/+ui%$ himself 9 battle1 & 0 reg>d$ z an (fic] ( great m]it4 ,look+ to ! honor ( our flag & ! pre/ige ( ! s]vice1 he appe>s to h borne himself entirely above all ef=ts to pro/itute ! p[]s ( ! nation to ! renslavem5t ( ! ,exiles4 ,he 0 p>ticul>ly oppos$ to ! plan ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 direct+ t all negroes captur$ %\ld be ! slaves ( ! captors4#aje ,x n[ became evid5t t !re 0 h>d fight+ to be done4 ,g5]al ,taylor 0 at all times ready = su* s]vice4 ,x is "o ( ! imp]fections ( human gov]nm5t1 t ! m5 :o conceive & direct ! p]petration ( great national crimes are usually exempt f ! imm$iate dang]s :i* beset ^? :o act m]ely z _! in/rum5ts 9 ! consummation ( transc5d5t wrongs4 ,_h ,g5]al ,jackson & ,g5]al ,cass be5 assur$ !y w\ld h be5 ! fir/ individuals to meet dea? 9 _! ef=ts to enslave ! ,exiles1 x is d\btful :e!r ei!r ( !m w\ld h be5 will+ to adopt a policy :i* %\ld ?us consign !m to premature graves4 ,or _h ,mr4 ,van ,bur51 or 8 ,cab9et1 at ! "t ( :i* we are n[ writ+1 be5 consci\s t1 9 c>ry+ on ?is w> = slav]y1 !y w\ld fall victims to _! own policy1 x may well be d\bt$ :e!r ei!r ( !m w\ld h laid d[n 8 life = ! safety ( t in/itution2 yet !y 7 evid5tly will+ to sacrifice our milit>y (fic]s & soldi]s1 to ma9ta9 ! degradation ( ! ,african race4 ,g5]al ,jessup _h writt5 ,g5]al ,taylor1 t all hope ( t]m9at+ ! w> ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ! ,*]okees1 0 at an end2 t ,sam ,jones & ! ,mickasukies _h det]m9$ to fight to ! la/4 ,he1 !re=e1 direct$ ,g5]al ,taylor to proce$1 ) ! lea/ possible delay1 aga9/ any portion ( ! enemy he might he> ( )9 /rik+ di/ance4 ,g5]al ,taylor at once conc5trat$ su* =ce z he deem$ necess>y = ! contemplat$ exp$ition4 ,8 little army 0 compos$ ( regul>s & volunte]s1 includ+ ne>ly "o hundr$ ,delaw>e & ,%awnee ,indians1 :o _h be5 induc$ to jo9 ! army "u ! expectation ( obta9+ plund] by ! capture ( slaves4 ,8 :ole =ce am\nt$ to ne>ly elev5 hundr$ m54 ,consci\s t he 0 expect$ to enc\nt] ! full =ce ( ! enemy1 if he c\ld succe$ 9 br++ !m to action1 he left 8 artill]y2 dive/$ 8 troops ( all heavy baggage1 & prep>$1 z f> z possible1 = a rapid movem5t4 ,) him 7 "s ( ! mo/ valu$ (fic]s 9 ! s]vice ( ,gov]nm5t2 m5 on :om he c\ld rely ) confid5ce1 & :o 7 wor?y to comm& vet]an troops4 ,) ?is =ce1 he left 8 encampm5t on ! morn+ ( ! n9ete5? ( ,decemb]1 & direct$ 8 co>se s\!a/w>dly 9 ! direction :]e1 x 0 said1 ,sam ,jones & 8 =ces 7 encamp$4 ,z he advanc$ into ! int]ior1 he discov]$ signs ( ,indians2 &1 ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,capta9 ,p>ks1 a half-bre$ *ief1 :o comm&$ ! ,delaw>es & ,%awnees1 he induc$ ,jump]1 & a few families ( ! ,sem9oles & "s few ,exiles1 to come 9 & emigrate "u ! articles ( capitulation ( ,m>* previ\s4 ,on ! tw5ty-second ( ,decemb]1 be+ ! ?ird day ( _! m>*1 !y f\nd conclusive evid5ce t !y 7 9 ! vic9ity ( ! enemies' pr9cipal =ce1 b f\nd x difficult to br+ !m to action4 ,t night e precaution 0 tak5 aga9/ surprise4 ,! necess>y patrols 7 kept out1 s5t9els d\bl$1 & ! troops slept ^u _! arms4 ,!y confid5tly expect$ to engage ! enemy ! next day4 ,b ! allies 7 cauti\s2 !y pass$ f swamps1 ?r\gh hommocks1 & ov] prairies1 con/antly keep+ too f> 9 advance ( our army to incur any dang]4 ,9 ?is mann] ! :ole ( t day 0 occupi$4 ,at night ! troops biv\ack$ z on ! previ\s night4 ,!y 7 9 ! deepe/ recesses ( ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 surr\nd$ by swamps1 ev]glades & hommocks3 ?r\gh ^! !y _h grop$ _! way = a hundr$ miles4 ,up to ?is "t1 ! m\nt$ volunte]s _h manag$ to keep _! horses ) !m1 kn[+ !y might be useful 9 battle4 ,b ! enemy indicat$ an unwill+ness to enc\nt] our troops ) ! advantages :i* ! m\nt$ m5 w\ld possess ov] !m4 ,e>ly on ! morn+ ( ! tw5ty-f\r?1 ! troops 7 aga9 put 9 motion3 ! enemy keep+ suffici5tly 9 advance to be beyond ! rea* ( musket or rifle balls4 ,g5]al ,taylor & 8 foll[]s 7 9 close pursuit2 & z ! allies left a swamp1 or hommock1 or prairie1 ,taylor & 8 m5 ent]$ x1 hop+ to br+ on a g5]al action4 ,at ab\t t5 o'clock1 ! enemy 7 trac$ to a swamp ( "s ?ree-f\r?s ( a mile 9 wid?1 ?ickly cov]$ ) saw-grass1 n less ?an f\r feet 9 height4 ,?r\gh x fl[$ a turbid /ream1 ^: curr5t 0 sc>cely p]ceptible1 :ile x seem$ to /ret* away to ! left 9 an endless savanna1 & to ! "r x appe>$ to deep5 into an impassable morass4 ,aft] ! prop] reconnoissance1 x 0 f\nd t x c\ld n be pass$ by horses2 & on ! f>!r side a ?ick hommock rea*$ d[n to ! v edge ( ! swamp4 ,x 0 n[ pla9 t ! enemy int5d$ to make a /& at ?is po9t1 & give battle4 ,p]haps ! :ole t]ritory did n furni% a m advantage\s position ?an t n[ occupi$ by ! alli$ =ces4 ,g5]al ,taylor saw at a glance ! difficulties :i* lay be=e him4 ,he well und]/ood ! sup]iority ( ! enemy's position1 b det]m9$ to ma9ta9 ! honor ( ! s]vice4 ,he did n hesitate 9 ent]+ ^u ! conflict4 ,8 arrangem5ts 7 soon made4 ,! volunte]s 7 direct$ to dism\nt1 & act on foot4 ,kn[+ well t ! battle 0 to be f\ght "h if any:]e1 he direct$ 8 troops to dive/ !mselves ( all baggage1 :i* toge!r ) ! horses1 0 left "u ! *>ge ( a small gu>d4 ,8 troops ent]$ ! swamp 9 two l9es4 ,! fir/ 0 compos$ ( ! volunte]s1 spies1 & fri5dly ,indians1 "u ! comm& ( ,colonel ,g5try4 ,!y 7 ord]$ to engage ! enemy1 & ma9ta9 _! gr\nd until re9=c$2 or1 if compell$ to fall back1 !y 7 direct$ to =m imm$iately 9 re> ( ! second l9e1 & await ord]s4 ,!y ent]$ ! swamp 9 ?is mann] at ab\t twelve o'clock4 ,! sun 0 %9+ pleasantly1 & a quiet /illness appe>$ to p]vade ! sc5e ar\nd !m4 ,!y pass$ ! /ream 9 safety1 & ! front l9e 0 approa*+ ! ?ick hommock 9 front4 ,!re1 too1 all 0 sil5t2 n an enemy to be se52 no voice 0 he>d1 nor c\ld !y discov] any evid5ce ( animal life )9 ! d5se =e/ be=e !m4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 lay ,wild ,cat & 8 b&1 & ! prophet & o!r mighty *iefs ( ! nation ) _! foll[]s4 ,wild ,cat _h be5 /imulat$ to desp]ation by :at he reg>d$ ! p]fidy ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 & 8 imprisonm5t at ,san ,augu/9e1 f :i* he _h j escap$4 ,mo/ ( ! ,exiles1 :o rema9$ among ! ,sem9oles1 & 7 capable ( be>+ arms1 7 collect$ "h "u _! respective lead]s4 ,!y _h retreat$ to ?is po9t = ! purpose ( sep>at+ our troops f _! horses1 & !n engag+ !m at su* sup]ior advantage z w\ld be mo/ likely to insure victory4 ,_! spies _h climb$ into ! v tops ( ! trees1 :5ce !y _h witness$ e movem5t ( our troops 9 ! swamp1 & giv5 con/ant in=mation to _! comrades :o 7 on ! gr\nd1 & :o1 act+ "u ! in=mation ?us receiv$1 7 enabl$ to place !mselves directly 9 front ( ^? :o 7 pursu+ !m4 ,e w>rior 0 protect$ by a tree1 & ! ?ick foliage ( ! hommock %ield$ e movem5t f ! scrut9y ( our spies & (fic]s4 ,soon z ! fir/ l9e1 comm&$ by ,colonel ,g5try1 came )9 po9t-blank %ot ( ! hommock1 ! allies op5$ a heavy fire ^u !m4 ,! saw-grass 0 s high z p>tially to protect ! bodies ( our m5 f view2 b ! fire 0 v fatal4 ,colonel ,g5try1 ! gallant comm&] ( ! volunte]s1 fell at ! fir/ fire2 8 son1 an int]e/+ y\?1 act+ z s]geant-major1 0 w\nd$ almo/ at ! same mom5t4 ,capta9 ,*ilds1 & ,lieut5ants ,rog]s & ,flanagan1 ( ! same regim5t1 & ,act+ ,major ,sconce1 & ,lieut5ants ,h>e & ,gordon ( ! spies1 & tw5ty-f\r m51 fell w\nd$ at ! v comm5cem5t ( ! action4 ,x 0 h>dly to be expect$ t militia w\ld /& su* a fire4 ,!y broke1 fell back1 & in/ead ( halt+ 9 ! re> ( ! regul>s z direct$1 !y cont9u$ _! flight across ! swamp1 to ! place :]e !y left _! horses2 nor 7 ! (fic]s ( ,g5]al ,taylor's /aff able to induce !m aga9 to jo9 _! comrades1 :o soon became engag$ 9 a mo/ deadly conflict4 ,b ! regul>s mov$ /eadily to ! *>ge1 "u ,colonel ,?ompson1 a mo/ gallant & e/imable (fic]4 ,g5]al ,taylor says3 ,! weight ( ! enemy's fire seem$ to be conc5trat$ ^u five companies ( ! #f? ,infantry1 :i* n only /ood firm1 b cont9u$ to advance until _! gallant comm&]1 ,lieut4 ,colonel ,?ompson1 & 8 adjutant1 ,lieut5ant ,c5t]1 7 kill$2 & e (fic]1 ) "o exception1 z well z mo/ ( ! non-commission$ (fic]s1 includ+ ! s]geant-major1 & f\r ( ! five ord]ly s]geants1 7 kill$ or w\nd$4 ,:5 t portion ( ! regim5t retir$ a %ort di/ance & re-=m$1 x 0 f\nd t "o ( ^! companies _h b f\r m5 unt\*$4 ,amid ^! difficulties1 ,lieut4 ,colonel ,fo/] ( ! #d? ,infantry1 ) six companies1 numb]+ ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty m51 ga9$ ! hommock 9 good ord]1 &1 aft] ma9ta9+ 8 gr\nd a %ort "t1 *>g$ ^u ! allies & drove !m f ! field1 ) ! loss ( n9e ,indians & "o ( ! ,exiles kill$1 & elev5 w\nd$4 ,! battle comm5c$ at half-pa/ twelve ,m41 & cont9u$ ne>ly ?ree h\rs1 & prov$ ! mo/ desp]ate1 & to our troops ! mo/ fatal conflict :i* occurr$ dur+ ! w>4 ,x 0 pa/ ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon :5 ! allies gave up ! field1 = :i* !y _h cont5d$ aga9/ a =ce m ?an d\ble _! own numb]s4 ,g5]al ,taylor & 8 surviv+ (fic]s 7 n[ left to asc]ta9 _! loss1 & contemplate ! exp5se ( subdu+ ev5 a savage p1 fight+ = _! homes1 _! firesides1 _! lib]ties4 ,& we are l$ to ?9k if ^? ,nor!rn /atesm5 :o1 = _m ye>s subsequ5t to t date1 7 accu/om$ to inquire1 ,:at has ! nation to d ) slav]y8 _h be5 pres5t & prop\nd$ t "q to ,g5]al ,taylor or 8 (fic]s1 !y w\ld h be5 sil5tly po9t$ to tw5ty-six dead bodies ( _! deceas$ comrades1 !n lifeless ^u ! gr\nd1 & to "o hundr$ & twelve w\nd$ (fic]s & soldi]s1 :o 7 pro/rat$ 9 t swamp & hommock1 suff]+ all ! pangs :i* mortals are capable ( endur+2 b ! language ( _! gallant comm&] bett] expresses 8 feel+s ?an any :i* we c comm&4 ,9 8 (ficial report1 ,g5]al ,taylor says3 ,we suff]$ mu*1 hav+ tw5ty-six kill$ & "o hundr$ & twelve w\nd$1 among :om are "s ( our mo/ valuable (fic]s4 99 99 ,soon z ! enemy 7 completely brok51 ,i turn$ my att5tion to tak+ c>e ( ! w\nd$1 to facilitate _! removal to my baggage1 :]e ,i _h ord]$ an encampm5t to be =m$4 99 99 ,& "h ,i tru/ ,i may be p]mitt$ to say1 t ,i exp]i5c$ "o ( ! mo/ try+ sc5es ( my life2 & he :o c\ld h look$ on x ) indiff]5ce1 8 n]ves mu/ h be5 v diff]5tly organiz$ f my own4 ,besides ! kill$1 among :om 7 "s ( my p]sonal fri5ds1 !re lay "o hundr$ & twelve (fic]s & soldi]s1 :o _h accompani$ me "o hundr$ & =ty-five miles1 ?r\gh an unexplor$ wild]ness1 )\t guides2 :o _h s gallantly beat5 ! enemy1 "u my ord]s1 9 8 /ronge/ positions2 & :o _h to be convey$ back1 ?r\gh swamps & hommocks1 f :5ce we set out1 )\t any app>5t means ( do+ s4 ,! next day 0 occupi$ 9 bury+ ! dead1 mak+ litt]s = ! transportation ( ! w\nd$1 & prep>+ = _! return to ,)lacoo*ee4 ,"o hundr$ & ?irty-eight m5 _h fall5 9 ?is s+le conflict1 victims to ! policy ( our ,gov]nm5t1 9 attempt+ to re/ore to a /ate ( slav]y m5 :o abhorr$ & _h fl$ f x4 ,! allies _h also suff]$ sev]ely4 ,g5]al ,taylor report$ t t5 ( _! dead & w\nd$ 7 left on ! field4#ajf ,b no prison]s 7 tak51 no slaves 7 captur$2 & ^? ,indians :o _h come f ,arkansas to ,florida1 = ! purpose ( %>+ 9 slave-cat*+ =ays1 f\nd x a f> m dang]\s employm5t1 & "o ( m difficulty1 ?an !y _h expect$4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! tw5ty-six?1 ,g5]al ,taylor1 ) 8 sick & w\nd$1 left 8 encampm5t1 &1 aft] enc\nt]+ great difficulties1 rea*$ ,)lacoo*ee on ! ?irty-fir/ ( ,decemb]2 hav+ be5 abs5t twelve days4 ,he made a brief (ficial report ( ?is exp$ition1 & ( ! sev]e battle he _h f\ght4 ,?is report 0 quietly fil$ away 9 ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 & b few1 ev5 ( our public m51 appe>$ to be fully consci\s t he _h p]=m$ m]itori\s s]vice 9 ! ,florida w>4#ajg ,b :ile ,g5]al ,taylor 0 ?us quietly engag$ 9 ! mo/ haz>d\s s]vice1 ,g5]al ,jessup 0 active 9 secur+ negroes1 & employ+ ! milit>y p[] ( ! nation1 s f> z able1 to seize & return fugitives to _! own]s4 ,x w\ld exce$ ! limits ( our pres5t "w1 7 we to notice ! ef=ts ( v>i\s individuals claim+ to h lo/ slaves4 ,! ,indian ,bureau at ,wa%+ton 0 engag$ 9 ?is s]vice1 & applications 7 con/antly made = slaves to ! comm&+ (fic]4 ,^! applications 7 usually ref]r$ to "s qu>t]-ma/]1 or pay-ma/]1 = decision2 & if su* inf]ior (fic] belong$ to ! militia1 ! p]son claim$ 0 usually deliv]$ ov] to bondage1 :e!r ! claimant _h ev] se5 him previ\sly or n4 ,x is a matt] ( a/oni%m5t t our ,national ,adm9i/ration1 guid$ by a ,nor!rn ,presid5t 7,mr4 ,van ,bur571 %\ld h p]mitt$ a pay-ma/] or qu>t]-ma/] ( militia1 to sit 9 grave exam9ation ( ! "r ( _! fell[-m5 to lib]ty2 to act z judge1 jury & c\nselor1 9 cases involv+ ! rights ) :i* ! ,god ( ,nature _h end[$ !m4 ,b to ! honor ( our army1 x 0 said t bo? (fic]s & m5 ( ! regul> s]vice1 g5]ally held ! "w ( cat*+ slaves 9 supreme contempt4 ,m ?an ?ree hundr$ heavy docum5t>y pages 7 communicat$ to ,congress on ?is subject1 ne>ly all ( :i* are fill$ ) extracts ( lett]s1 reports1 ord]s1 op9ions & directions conc]n+ slaves1 connect$ ) ?is ,florida w>4#ajh ,great difficulty arose among ! ,indians 9 consequ5ce ( ! renslavem5t ( _! fri5ds1 ! ,exiles4 ,!y felt ! outrage ) z mu* app>5t ke5ness z ?\gh x _h be5 p]petrat$ ^u !mselves4 ,to prev5t ^! difficulties1 ,g5]al ,jessup sep>at$ ! ,exiles f _! ,indian allies1 :5ev] !y surr5d]$ or 7 tak5 prison]s4#aji ,9 pursuance ( ?is plan1 he s5t ,osceola & ! o!r ,indians seiz$ at ,=t ,peyton2 & ,micanopy1 & o!rs :o _h come into 8 own camp = ! purpose ( negotiat+ a treaty1 to ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a2 :ile ! ,exiles 7 s5t1 "s to ,tampa ,bay & o!r places1 to be subject$ to ! inspection ( m5 :o pr(ess$ to h be5 _! previ\s own]s4 ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 ! v elaborate def5se ( 8 proce$+s1 dat$ ,july1 #ahch1 ju/ifies ?is policy ( sep>at+ ! ,indians & ,exiles by say+1 t he le>n$ ! ye> previ\s1 f prison]s captur$1 t ! ,indians ?r\gh ! ,sem9ole negroes _h ent]$ into arrangem5ts ) _! slaves t s soon z ho/ilities %\ld comm5ce1 ! latt] 7 to jo9 _! ma/]s1 & take up arms aga9/ ! :ites4 ,?is in=mation1 repres5t+ ! ,indians z ent]+ into negotiation ) _! own slaves ?r\gh ! ,sem9ole negroes 7,exiles71 be>s ! "* ( fiction2 yet x is gravely set =? 9 an (ficial report1 & we are b\nd to treat x respectfully4#aaj ,"u ?is arrangem5t--sep>at+ ! ,indians & ,exiles--all ! relations ( dome/ic life 7 disreg>d$4 ,! ,indian husb& 0 sep>at$ f ! wife he _h select$ among ! daught]s ( ! ,exiles2 & ! ,indian wife 0 sep>at$ f h] m sable husb&4 ,! d>k] color$ prison]s 7 hurri$ to ,tampa ,bay1 & ! r$ m5 & wom5 7 s5t to ,*>le/on = safe keep+4 ,up to ! comm5cem5t ( ! ye> #ahch1 ,g5]al ,jessup appe>s to h be5 mo/ly employ$ 9 ef=ts to obta9 peace by negotiation & 9 direct+ ! movem5ts ( v>i\s deta*m5ts ( ! army1 :o did n require 8 p]sonal att5dance1 & mak+ arrangem5ts = ! deliv]y ( negroes to _! suppos$ =m] own]s2 b _h f\nd v little "t to m+le 9 ! dang]s ( ! field4 ,brigadi] ,g5]al ,taylor _h p]=m$ a mo/ haz>d\s s]vice2 & x appe>$ prop] t ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al %\ld also /rike a bl[ t w\ld di/+ui% 8 adm9i/ration ( ! milit>y dep>tm5t ( ! t]ritory4 ,sid5ote3 #ahch4 ,e>ly 9 ,janu>y1 he mov$ s\?1 ) ab\t five hundr$ m\nt$ m51 well provid$4 ,on ! tw5ty-f\r?1 at ab\t twelve o'clock1 he enc\nt]$ ! allies1 ne> ! ,locka-,hat*ee1 & a %ort skirmi% foll[$1 9 :i* ! ,g5]al 0 himself w\nd$ some:at sev]ely 9 ! arm4 ,he lo/ sev5 m5 kill$ & ?irty w\nd$4 ,! enemy yield$ ! field to our troops1 b left nei!r dead nor w\nd$ ^u ! sc5e ( conflict1 nor is x kn[n :e!r !y su/a9$ any loss :atev]4 ,g5]al ,jessup expresses ! belief t !re 7 n m ?an a hundr$ w>riors engag$ on ! "p ( ! enemy4 ,on ! tw5ty-fif?1 he erect$ a /ockade call$ ,=t ,jupit]4 ,"h he lay until ! fif? ( ,febru>y1 :5 he mov$ =w>d "s twelve miles1 :]e1 x is said1 "s ( 8 (fic]s--,g5]al ,eaton & o!rs--propos$ t ,g5]al ,jessup %\ld make t]ms ) ! ,indians & _! allies1 & p]mit !m to rema9 9 ! c\ntry1 conf9+ !m to ! s\!rn portion ( ! ,t]ritory4 ,he1 h[ev]1 mov$ =w>d ano!r day's m>*1 :51 be+ call$ on by ,colonel ,twiggs1 & le>n+ t x 0 ! g5]al desire ( ! (fic]s1 he says he det]m9$ to s5d a mess5g] to ! ,indians1 (f]+ !m peace4 ,! fir/ mess5g] dispat*$ on ?is s]vice 0 "o ( ! ,exiles1 or1 z ,g5]al ,jessup call$ him1 a ,sem9ole negro4 ,?is man soon return$ ) sev]al ,indians1 among :om 0 a sub-*ief nam$ ,hallec ,hajo1 :o 0 will+ to hold a conf]5ce1 & express$ a desire to rema9 9 ! c\ntry2 b said1 if compell$1 !y mu/ g ,we/4 ,g5]al ,jessup insi/$ t ,to%kogee1 ! pr9cipal *ief 9 t neighborhood1 %\ld att5d1 & hold a ,c\ncil ! next day2 & t ! ,indians %\ld give up _! arms4 ,hallec ,hajo at once refus$ to comply ) su* condition4 ,he w\ld meet 9 ,c\ncil1 b w\ld nev] surr5d] 8 arms4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! eigh? ( ,febru>y1 ,to%kogee & ,hallec ,hajo met ,g5]al ,jessup agreeably to appo9tm5t4 ,an int]*ange ( op9ions & views took place1 & ! ,g5]al agre$ to recomm5d ! conclusion ( a peace ^u ! basis ( all[+ ! allies to rema9 9 ! c\ntry1 & occupy a suitable portion ( ! s\!rn "p ( ! ,t]ritory4 ,x 0 also agre$ t a c]ta9 t]ritory1 ne> ! place ( negotiation1 %\ld be occupi$ by ! ,indians & _! families1 :]e !y %\ld be safe1 & might rema9 until ! views ( ! ,executive %\ld be asc]ta9$4#aaa ,9 pursuance ( ?is arrangem5t ( treat+ ^u ! basis ( p]mitt+ ! allies to rema9 9 ! c\ntry1 _m ( ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles collect$ ) ! expectation t ! agreem5t 0 to be c>ri$ out 9 good fai?4 ,on ! next day1 ,g5]al ,jessup address$ a long communication to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 9 :i* he gives 8 views ^u ! policy ( imm$iate emigration some:at at l5g?1 & advises its ab&onm5t 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,9 reg>d to ! ,sem9oles1 we h committ$ ! error ( attempt+ to remove !m :5 _! l&s 7 n requir$ = agricultural purposes2 :5 !y 7 n 9 ! way ( ! :ite inhabitants1 & :5 ! great] portion ( _! c\ntry 0 an unexplor$ wild]ness1 ( ! int]ior ( :i* we 7 z ignorant z ( ! int]ior ( ,*9a4 ,we exhibit 9 our pres5t conte/ ! fir/ in/ance1 p]haps1 s9ce ! comm5cem5t ( au!ntic hi/ory1 ( a nation employ+ an army to explore a c\ntry1 7= we c d little m ?an explore x17 or attempt+ to remove a b& ( savages f "o unexplor$ wild]ness to ano!r4 ,z a soldi]1 x is my duty1 ,i am aw>e1 n to comm5t ^u ! policy ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 b to c>ry x out 9 accordance ) my in/ructions4 ,i h endeavor$ fai?fully to d s2 b ! prospect ( t]m9at+ ! w> 9 any reasonable "t is any ?+ b flatt]+4 ,my decid$ op9ion is1 t1 unless imm$iate emigration be ab&on$1 ! w> w cont9ue = ye>s to come1 & at con/antly accumulat+ exp5se4 ,is x n1 !n1 well wor?y ! s]i\s consid]ation ( an enlight5$ ,gov]nm5t :e!r1 ev5 if ! wild]ness we are trav]s+ c\ld be inhabit$ by ! :ite man1 7:i* is n ! fact17 ! object we are cont5d+ = w\ld be wor? ! co/8 ,i d n c]ta9ly ?9k x w\ld2 inde$1 ,i d n consid] ! c\ntry s\? ( ,*ickasa-,hat*ee wor? ! m$ic9es we %all exp5d 9 driv+ ! ,indians f x4 ,to ?is communication ! ,secret>y ( ,w> repli$3 ,9 ! pres5t /age ( our relations ) ! ,indians resid+ )9 ! ,/ates & ,t]ritories ea/ ( ! ,mississippi1 includ+ ! ,sem9oles1 x is useless to recur to ! pr9ciples & motives :i* induc$ ! ,gov]nm5t to det]m9e _! removal to ! ,we/4 ,! acts ( ! ,executive1 & ! laws ( ,congress1 ev9ce a det]m9ation to c>ry out ! measure1 & x is to be reg>d$ z ! settl$ policy ( ! c\ntry4 ,9 pursuance ( ?is policy1 ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+ 0 made ) ! ,sem9oles2 & ! "* ( ! (fic] employ$ on ! "p ( ! ,gov]nm5t is a gu>antee ( ! p]fectly fair mann] 9 :i* t negotiation 0 conduct$ & conclud$4 ,:e!r ! ,gov]nm5t ought n to h wait$ until ! ,sem9oles 7 press$ ^u by ! :ite population1 & _! l&s become necess>y to ! agricultural wants ( ! community1 is n a "q = ! ,executive n[ to consid]4 ,! treaty has be5 ratifi$1 & is ! law ( ! l&2 & ! con/itutional duty ( ! ,presid5t requires t he %\ld cause x to be execut$4 ,i _c1 !re=e1 au?orize any arrangem5t ) ! ,sem9oles by :i* !y w be p]mitt$ to rema91 or assign !m any portion ( ! ,t]ritory ( ,florida z _! future resid5ce4 ,! ,dep>tm5t indulg$ ! hope1 t1 ) ! ext5sive means plac$ at y\r disposal1 ! w> by a vigor\s ef=t might be br\ght to a close ?is campaign4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y are ( op9ion t1 f ! nature ( ! c\ntry & ! "* ( ! enemy1 su* a result is impracticable1 & t x is advisable to make a tempor>y arrangem5t ) ! ,sem9oles1 by :i* ! safety ( ! settlem5ts & po/s w be secur$ ?r\gh\t ! summ]1 y are at lib]ty to d s4 ,g5]al ,jessup _h previ\sly repres5t$ ! subjection ( ! ,sem9oles z an object easily to be accompli%$4 ,he _h s repres5t$ 9 8 lett] to ,mr4 ,blair1 9 #ahcf1 :i* occasion$ ! )drawal ( ,g5]al ,scott1 & 8 own appo9tm5t to ! comm& ( ! army 9 ,florida4 ,he _h himself be5 9 comm& m ?an a ye>1 & ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t 0 d\btless some:at a/oni%$ at 8 recomm5dation n[ to adopt ! policy :i* ! ,indians & ,exiles _h f ! fir/ be5 ready to accept4 ,he 0 probably some:at mortifi$ at see+ 8 proposition s coldly receiv$1 & ! :ole responsibility ( c>ry+ x out plac$ ^u himself1 ^u condition t he 0 satisfi$ no?+ bett] c\ld be accompli%$4 ,he _h done all 9 8 p[] to effect ! objects s mu* *]i%$ by ! ,adm9i/ration4 ,b ! ,secret>y ( ,w> /ill urg$ ! c>ry+ out ( ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+1 n accord+ to its lett] & _s1 b accord+ to ! unnatural & unexpect$ con/ruction :i* ,g5]al ,jackson plac$ ^u x1 aft] compla9ts 7 made aga9/ ! ,sem9oles by ! p ( ,florida4 ,x is also evid5t t no int5tion ( execut+ x accord+ to ! supplem5tal treaty ent]$ into by ! ,sem9ole ,delegates :ile at ! ,we/1 0 ent]ta9$ by ! ,adm9i/ration4 ,no measures _h be5 tak5 = e/abli%+ ! b\nd>ies betwe5 ! ,sem9oles & ! ,creeks2 nor d we he> ( any int5tion to fulfill t /ipulation4 ,on ! contr>y1 x _h be5 con/antly ass]t$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 t ! ,sem9oles & ,creeks 7 to be unit$ z "o p4 ,! ,comm&+ ,g5]al1 9 ! op9ion ( _m /atesm51 _h compromit$ ! honor ( ! s]vice1 & violat$ ! plight$ fai? ( ! nation by trea*]\sly seiz+ ,indians & ,exiles :o _h approa*$ ! army "u ! :ite flag1 :i* _h s long be5 reg>d$ z a sacr$ emblem ( peace by all civiliz$ nations2 yet1 not)/&+ ^! circum/ances1 8 propositions 7 9 _s reject$1 al?\gh 9 language he _h be5 au?oriz$ to negotiate a tempor>y peace ^u ! basis he _h propos$4 ,x is believ$ t ! sub/ance ( ?is answ] _h become to "s ext5t kn[n1 or suspect$ by ! ,indians1 = ,g5]al ,jessup admits he receiv$ ! decision ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w> on ! sev5te5?2 & on ! n9ete5?1 he direct$ ! *iefs to meet him 9 ,c\ncil on ! tw5tie?1 at twelve o'clock4 ,= "s cause1 ! ,indians & _! allies appe> to h be5 indispos$ to d ?is1 & he direct$ ,colonel ,twiggs to seize !m1 & hold !m prison]s2 & he report$ to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t t1 by ?is movem5t1 five hundr$ & ?irte5 ,indians1 & "o hundr$ & sixty-five negroes1 7 secur$4#aab ,( ?is transaction we c only speak f ! acc\nt giv5 ( x by ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,f 8 report1 c]ta9 important facts are cle>ly und]/ood4 ,= in/ance1 he ann\nces to ! ,indians & ,exiles a proposition to treat ) !m1 ^u ! basis ( p]mitt+ !m to rema9 9 ! c\ntry4 ,t1 = ! purpose ( ent]+ into su* a negotiation1 !y collect$ ne> ,=t ,jupit]2 & t1 )\t any attempt to negotiate1 & :ile !y 7 9 8 camp1 !y 7 unexpect$ly seiz$ aga9/ _! w2 & t ,passac ,micco1 & f\rte5 o!rs1 escap$ capture4 ,nor does ,g5]al ,jessup pret5d t "o ( ^? six hundr$ & sev5ty-eight p]sons volunt>ily surr5d]$4 ,x is c]ta91 t h[ev] honorable ! int5tions ( ,g5]al ,jessup 71 ! ,indians & ! ,exiles 7 deceiv$1 &1 z !y believ$1 trea*]\sly dealt )4 ,! (ficial regi/] ( color$ p]sons seiz$ at ,=t ,jupit]1 repres5ts "o hundr$ & fifty-"o z prop]ly belong+ to ! ,sem9oles1 or z ,sem9ole negroes1 ! t]m usually appli$ to ! ,exiles by ,g5]al ,jessup & 8 (fic]s2 & f\rte5 are repres5t$ z ! slaves ( citiz5s ( ,florida4 ,^! p 7 soon hurri$ (f to ,tampa ,bay1 :]e !y 7 conf9$ )9 ! pickets1 "u a /rong gu>d4 ,=t ,brooke n[ pres5t$ to ! eye ( a /rang] all ! ext]nal appe>ances ( a fir/ class slave factory ^u ! ,african coa/4 ,! ,exiles :o _h be5 betray$ at ,=t ,peyton & o!r places1 & n deliv]$ ov] to slave-hunt]s1 7 also "h2 & ! numb] _h s greatly increas$1 t _m _h to be s5t to ,new ,orleans = safe keep+4 ,:5 ! ,exiles seiz$ at ,=t ,jupit] arriv$ at ,tampa ,bay1 !y f\nd1 among ^? already !re1 _m old acqua9tances1 fri5ds & relatives1 :o _h be5 tak5 at o!r places4 ,families1 9 "s in/ances long sep>at$1 7 once m unit$2 husb&s1 ^: wives & *ildr5 _h be5 seiz$ & long imprison$ at ,tampa ,bay1 n[ rejo9$ _! families1 & 7 9 "s degree comp5sat$ = ! mortification ( hav+ be5 made prison]s by trea*]y4 ,b fa!rs & husb&s1 ^: *ildr5 & wives 7 captur$ by ! ,creeks ne> ,)lacoo*ee & o!r places dur+ ! previ\s ye>1 n[ look$ ar\nd = _! families 9 va94 ,on mak+ inquiry1 !y 7 in=m$ _! fri5ds _h be5 tak5 to ,=t ,pike1 :i* _h n[ become a g5]al depot = ! imprisonm5t ( ,exiles4 ,! ,indians :o _h be5 captur$ by ?is c\p d'etat1 7 s5t to ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 = safe keep+2 & ! negroes report$ ^u ! regi/ry z slaves ( citiz5s ( ,florida1 7 )\t c]emony deliv]$ ov] to ^? :o claim$ to be _! ma/]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we h n[ rea*$ a p]iod ( ! w> at :i* we are con/ra9$ to admit our inability to give a full or accurate hi/ory ( ! v>i\s captures ( ,exiles1 or ( ! renslavem5t ( ^? captur$4 ,capta9 ,sprague1 :o _h ! advantages ( p]sonal obs]vation & exp]i5ce dur+ ! w>1 says t ,g5]al ,h]n&ez ( ! ,florida ,militia1 s]v+ pr9cipally 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ! ,t]ritory1 captur$ "s important *iefs1 & re/or$ to citiz5s m ?an ?ree hundr$ negroes :o _h be5 captur$ by ! ,indians4 ,b ! means :i* he us$ = _! capture is n /at$4 ,g5]al ,jessup in=ms u1 also1 t ,abraham1 ! negro *ief1 & two ,indians1 7 s5t to ! ,sem9oles we/ ( ! ,oke*obee1 & prevail$ ^u ,alligator1 & ?ree hundr$ & sixty ,indians & negroes1 to surr5d] to ,colonel ,smi? & ,g5]al ,taylor4 ,b :at proportion ( ?is numb] 7 ,exiles1 we are n in=m$2 nor are we told ( ! means us$1 or ! assurances giv51 to induce !m to surr5d]4 ,x is c]ta91 t _m ( ! *iefs alleg$ t ! ,*]okee ,delegation assur$ _! fri5ds1 t !y w\ld be p]mitt$ to rema9 9 _! own c\ntry1 & t ! ,presid5t 0 desir\s ( mak+ peace ^u ^? t]ms2 & ,g5]al ,jessup says1 t ! negro *ief ,abraham1 & ano!r negro int]pret] nam$ ,augu/e1 gave ! same in=mation4 ,abraham _h 9 fact dictat$ ! supplem5tal treaty1 ent]$ into by ! delegation :ile 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 & 0 made to believe1 at all times1 t ! ,gov]nm5t w\ld fulfill1 & abide by1 ! t]ms ( ?is supplem5tal treaty4 ,x 0 on ?is conviction t he act$1 & he appe>s nev] to h d\bt$ ! good fai? ( ! ,executive until he actually arriv$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,great ,,difficulties ,,int]rupt ,,! ,,progress ,,( ,,! ,,w>4 ,john ,ross1 ! ,*]okee ,*ief1 dem&s ! release ( ,wild ,cat & o!r ,*iefs--,answ] ( ,secret>y ( ,w>--,mr4 ,ev]ett's resolution 9 ,congress--,secret>y's ,report--,g5]al ,jessup's answ]--,agitation 9 ,congress--,hon4 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams--,hon4 ,william ,slade--,difficulty ) ,creek ,w>riors--,! ,exiles :o _h be5 captur$ by ! ,creeks--,arrangem5ts = emigrat+ bo? ,indians & ,exiles--,indians at ,*>le/on1 & ,negroes at ,tampa ,bay1 transport$ to ,=t ,pike--,families aga9 unit$--,sympa?y excit$--,g5]al ,ga9es becomes engag$ 9 _! behalf--,8 noble conduct--,emb>rassm5t ( ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 & ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>--,s+ul> arrangem5t--,discrepancies unexpla9$--,a ,slave-deal] pr(esses to pur*ase n9ety ( ! ,exiles1 9 ord] to relieve ! ,gov]nm5t--,appo9ts 8 bro!r-9-law an ,ag5t to receive !m--,dep>tm5t furni%es ! necess>y v\*]s--,sudd5 *ange ( policy--,sixty ,exiles claim$ by a ,slave-deal] nam$ ,love--,g5]al ,ga9es appe>s on behalf ( ,exiles--,8 able def5se--,c\rt r5d]s judgm5t dis*>g+ ,rule--,?irty-six ,exiles releas$ by ,love--,lieut5ant ,reynolds ) ! ,indians1 & all b ^! ?irty-six ,exiles1 take passage = ,=t ,gibson4 ,:ile ,g5]al ,jessup 0 engag$ 9 c>ry+ out ! designs ( ! ,adm9i/ration by artifice1 & by =ce1 ev5ts ( a s]i\s "* 7 transpir+ at ,wa%+ton :i* dem&$ ! att5tion ( bo? ! ,executive & himself4 ,john ,ross1 pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,*]okee ,nation1 le>n+ ! mann] 9 :i* ,osceola1 ,wild ,cat1 & o!r ,sem9ole *iefs & w>riors1 _h be5 betray$ & seiz$1 :ile visit+ ,g5]al ,jessup "u a flag ( truce1 by advice & at ! sugge/ion ( ! ,*]okee ,delegation1 wrote an able & v spirit$ lett] to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 dem&+ ! release ( ! prison]s ?us captur$ 9 violation ( ! pr9ciples ( civiliz$ w>f>e4 ,! ,secret>y attempt$ a v9dication ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 & an int]e/+ correspond5ce foll[$1 m>k$ ) great ability1 9 :i* ,ross1 ) mu* =ce1 exhibits :at he seem$ to reg>d z ! p]fidi\s treatm5t to :i* ! ,sem9oles _h be5 subject$1 :ile act+ "u ! advice ( himself & 8 c\ntry-m51 & protect$ by ! flag ( truce1 :i* _h ev] be5 recogniz$ & held sacr$ z ! inviolable emblem ( peace4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ exposure ( ! mann] 9 :i* ?is disa/r\s w> _h be5 conduct$4 ,up to t "t no memb] ( ,congress1 or ,executive (fic]1 appe>s to h utt]$ an objection or prote/ aga9/ ! w>1 or aga9/ ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 c>ri$ on4 ,ross 0 at ! city ( ,wa%+ton1 & m+l$ freely ) memb]s ( ,congress1 & 9 private conv]sations call$ _! att5tion to ! facts /at$4#aac ,mr4 ,ev]ett1 ( ,v]mont1#aad a man ( great exp]i5ce & ability1 mov$ a resolution 7,m>* #ba7 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 call+ on ! ,secret>y ( ,w> = su* in=mation z he possess$ t\*+ ! capture ( ,indians1 :ile visit+ ! ,am]ican army "u flags ( truce4 ,! resolution 0 adopt$1 &1 9 reply1 ! ,secret>y ( ,w> 7,april #aa7 transmitt$ ! answ] ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 :i* he re/s 8 ju/ification1 ^u ! bad fai? :i*1 he alleges1 ! ,indians _h previ\sly exhibit$ t[>ds ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is answ] occupies "s fifte5 docum5t>y pages1 mo/ ( :i* are fill$ ) ! facts already kn[n to ! read]4 ,aft] ! report ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w> _h be5 pr9t$1 ,mr4 ,ev]ett gave 8 views ^u ! facts1 9 a spee* :i* attract$ mu* att5tion 9 ! c\ntry4 ,! p 7 already turn+ _! att5tion to ! subject ( slav]y4 ,petitions 7 s5t to ,congress call+ on t body to aboli% ! in/itution )9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4 ,! ,hon4 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams _h ?r[n ! weight ( 8 influ5ce 9 behalf ( ! "r ( petition1 & 0 kn[n to be oppos$ to ! in/itution4 ,hon4 ,william ,slade1 a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives f ,v]mont1 _h op5ly av[$ 8 deep & he>t-felt sympa?y ) ! ,abolitioni/s1 :o 7 /riv+ to direct ! popul> m9d to ! crimes ( ! peculi> in/itution1 z slav]y 0 !n call$4 ,x 0 evid5t1 t a full exposure ( ! causes :i* l$ to ! ,florida w>1 & ( ! mann] 9 :i* x _h be5 prosecut$1 w\ld t5d to defeat ! ,democratic c&idate 9 ! next ,presid5tial campaign4 ,x 0 !re=e cle>ly ! policy ( t p>ty1 & ( ! ,adm9i/ration1 to ma9ta9 z great a degree ( sil5ce z possible ^u all ^! subjects4 ,among ! e>ly difficulties pres5t$ to ! consid]ation ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 0 ! settlem5t ) ! ,creek w>riors :o _h s]v$ "u ! contract made by ord] ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 #ahcf1 to give !m a c]ta9 gross am\nt 9 ca%1 & all ! plund] !y c\ld capture--:i* ,g5]al ,jessup & ! ,creeks und]/ood to embrace negroes1 z well z horses & cattle4 ,! ,g5]al1 by 8 ord]1 _h direct$ eight ?\s& doll>s to be paid to !m1 & tw5ty doll>s = ea* negro belong+ to citiz5s1 :o _h be5 captur$ by !m & deliv]$ ov] to ! claimants4 ,?is disposal ( ! public treasure by an individual1 0 mo/ cle>ly unau?oriz$1 ei!r by law or by ! con/itution2 yet ! ord] _h be5 approv$ by ! ,executive1 & _h be5 made ! act ( ! ,presid5t1 :o ?us assum$ ! moral & political responsibility atta*$ to ?is gross violation ( law1 & ( ! ,con/itution4 ,! "q h[ ?is *>ge ^u ! treasury 0 to be met1 seems to h borne heavily ^u ! m9d ( ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 & he express$ ?is difficulty to ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,t (fic]1 be+ less famili> ) matt]s ( f9ance ?an ) ^? ( a /rictly milit>y "*1 repli$1 t ! am\nt might ) propriety be *>g$ to ! annuities due ! ,sem9oles2 b z t fund 0 "u ! sup]vision ( ,congress1 x w\ld n d to *>ge x ov] to t appropriation1 le/ x %\ld create agitation4 ,ano!r difficulty 01 z to ! disposal ( ! negroes !mselves4 ,!y 7 n[ said to be ! prop]ty ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & ! "q v naturally arose1 :at %all be done ) !m8 ,?is "q 0 also prop\nd$ to ,g5]al ,jessup by ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs4 ,! ,g5]al repli$1 t he ?\ght x be/ to s5d !m to ,africa1 = ! b5efit ( civilization on t coa/4 ,b t c\ld n be done except by appropriations made by ,congress2 & x 0 fe>$ t1 to ask ,congress = an appropriation ( t "*1 might lead to ! disclosure ( unpleasant facts4#aae ,9 ! meantime1 arrangem5ts 7 made to s5d ! prison]s1 bo? ,indians & ,exiles1 to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 )\t any p>ticul> decision 9 reg>d to ! n9ety negroes captur$ by ! ,creek w>riors1 & s5t to ,=t ,pike z ! prop]ty ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & f$ & clo!d at ! public exp5se = m ?an a ye>4 ,agreeably to ord]s f ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 ,g5]al ,jessup detail$ ,lieut5ant ,j4 ,g4 ,reynolds to sup]9t5d ! emigration1 z disburs+ ag5t1 & ,w4 ,g4 ,freeman z an assi/ant4 ,^! appo9tm5ts 7 approv$ by ! ,dep>tm5t2 & transports 7 engag$ to take su* prison]s z 7 at ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ar\nd ! p59sula ( ,florida to ,tampa ,bay1 on ! we/]n coa/1 & !nce to ,new ,orleans4 ,!re 7 at t "t _m negroes at ,tampa ,bay1 int5tionally sep>at$ f ! ,indians1 :o _h be5 s5t1 at ! same "t1 to ,*>le/on4 ,major ,zantz+] wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 to "k h[ ^! negroes at ,tampa ,bay 7 to be dispos$ (4 ,! ,commission] imm$iately answ]$ by lett]1 direct$ to ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 say+1 ,i h to in/ruct y1 t all ( ^? negroes m5tion$ by ,major ,zantz+]1 :i* are ! prop]ty ( ! ,sem9oles1#aaf are to be receiv$ )1 & to con/itute a portion (1 ! emigrat+ p>ty = all purposes ( transportation & subsi/5ce4 99 99 99 99 ,y w consid] x y\r duty to call at ,tampa ,bay1 receive ?is p>ty1 & transport x to ! ,we/ ) ! deta*m5t n[ at ,new ,orleans4 ,?is direction requir$ ,lieut5ant ,reynolds to transport ! n9ety ,exiles1 s5t to ,new ,orleans on ! second ( ,june1 #ahcg1 to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry2 = !y con/itut$ a "p ( ! deta*m5t at ,new ,orleans1 :i* he 0 direct$ to transport ,we/4 ,!y _h be5 captur$ :ile flee+ f our army1 & ( c\rse 7 ne>ly all ( !m wom5 & *ildr51 :o1 by ! =tunes ( w>1 _h be5 sep>at$ f _! husb&s1 & fa!rs1 & bro!rs1 t 7 left beh9d 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry4 ,^? husb&s1 bro!rs & fa!rs1 7 among ! fir/ to capitulate 9 ord] to rejo9 _! families f :om !y _h ?us be5 sep>at$4 ,_m ,exiles _h be5 betray$ & seiz$ at ,=t ,peyton4 ,"s _h surr5d]$ at ,volusi2 o!rs _h capitulat$ at ,=t ,jupit]2 o!rs _h come 9 & giv5 !mselves up at diff]5t po/s3 & all ^! 7 assembl$ = transportation at ,tampa ,bay1 :]e !y await$ arrangem5ts = s5d+ !m to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,major ,g5]al ,ga9es 0 at t "t comm&+ ! s\?-we/]n division ( ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & ,=t ,pike 0 situat$ )9 8 milit>y di/rict4 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds _h tak5 ! prison]s at ,*>le/on on bo>d ! transports2 _h sail$ ar\nd ! p59sula ( ,florida2 call$ at ,tampa ,bay2 _h tak5 on bo>d ! negroes assembl$ at t po9t1 & _h rea*$ ,=t ,pike4 ,memb]s ( families long sep>at$ 7 n[ unit$4 ,fa!rs embrac$ _! wives & *ildr51 :om !y _h n se5 = m ?an a ye>2 bro!rs & sons embrac$ _! si/]s & mo!rs2 & all exhibit$ ^? deep sympa?ies ( ! human he>t1 :i* con/itute ! high] & holi] emotions ( our nature4 ,! (fic]s & soldi]s :o witness$ ?is sc5e c\ld n b feel int]e/$ 9 ^! p1 _m ( ^: ance/ors _h fl$ f oppression g5]ations previ\sly1 & :o1 = m ?an half a c5tury1 _h be5 subject$ to almo/ con/ant p]secution4 ,x 0 und\bt$ly ow+ to ^! circum/ances1 t s _m ( ! (fic]s ( our army became deeply int]e/$ 9 secur+ _! fre$om4 ,major ,zantz+] 0 9 comm& at ,=t ,pike2 b he c\ld only act "u ! direction ( 8 sup]ior (fic]s4 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 !re=e1 appli$ to ,major ,g5]al ,ga9es = ord]s to ,major ,zantz+] to deliv] ! ,exiles at ,=t ,pike to him = emigration4 ,f ! peculi> language us$ 9 ?is ord]1 x is mo/ evid5t t ,g5]al ,ga9es expect$ "s ef=t w\ld be made to prev5t ! emigration ( ! ,exiles1 !n resid5t at ,=t ,pike4 ,! ord] is s unusual 9 its tone & language1 t we ins]t x1 z foll[s3 ,to ,major ,zantz+]1 or ! (fic] comm&+ at ,=t ,pike1 or ! (fic] :o has *>ge ( ! slaves1 or o!r s]vants1 belong+ to1 or lately 9 possession (1 ,sem9ole ,indians1 n[ 9 *>ge ( ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 de/9$ to ! ,arkansas3 ,y w1 on receipt h]e(1 deliv] to ! said ,reynolds all su* slaves or s]vants belong+ to1 or claim$ by1 or lately 9 possession (1 ! said ,sem9ole ,indians to be conduct$ by him 9 _! movem5ts to ! ,arkansas ,riv]1 :]e ! ,indians1 or _! slaves or s]vants1 are to be p]man5tly locat$ & settl$3 tak+ triplicate receipts = said slaves or s]vants1 "o ( :i* w be =w>d$ to ! und]sign$4 ,,edmund ,p4 ,,ga9es1 ,maj4 ,g54 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 ,comm&+4 ,! above ord] 0 dat$ on ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,m>*4 ,! next day ,lieut5ant ,reynolds inclos$ a copy to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 say+1 he %\ld comm5ce 8 voyage ,we/ ) ! emigrants1 & add+1 ,x is n my int5tion to remove ! negroes f ,=t ,pike until ready = dep>ture1 z ,i am conv9c$ t _m individuals ) fraudul5t claims are 9 a /ate ( read9ess1 & only wait+ ! arrival ( ! negroes 9 ?is city 7,new ,orleans7 to c>ry _! object into effect4 ,! measures ,i %all adopt w b> _! int5tion4 ,?is lett] expla9s ! reason ( ! precise & specific t]ms 9 :i* ! ord] ( ,g5]al ,ga9es 0 express$4 ,x is due to ! memory ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 & to ! "* ( ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 t _! det]m9$ ef=ts to pres]ve ! lib]ties ( ^! p1 s f> z !y 7 able1 %\ld f9d a place 9 hi/ory4 ,! w> _h be5 comm5c$ & prosecut$ = ! purpose ( seiz+ & return+ to bondage all ^? p ^: ance/ors _h once fl$ f oppression4 ,x 0 ! av[$ policy ( ! ,adm9i/ration to prev5t ^! n9ety ,exiles1 :o _h be5 captur$ by ! ,creek ,indians1 f go+ to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 pref]r+ to h !m consign$ to slav]y 9 ,georgia or ,florida1 r ?an enjoy fre$om 9 ! new homes assign$ to ! ,indians 9 ! ,we/4 ,?is feel+ _h enc\rag$ desp]ate m5 to make unf\nd$ claims to _! p]sons3 & x %\ld be record$ to ! honor ( _m ( our (fic]s1 t !y 7 active & vigilant 9 _! ef=ts to defeat ^! piratical claims1 & ! ex]tions ( ! ,presid5t & heads ( ! v>i\s ,executive ,dep>tm5ts1 to consign ^! p to int]m9able bondage4 ,9 ord] to d ju/ice on ?is subject1 x is necess>y to p]mit all conc]n$ to speak = !mselves1 s f> z conv5i5ce w all[4 ,to c>ry out ?is object1 ! read] w excuse our frequ5t quotations f (ficial docum5ts4 ,on ! tw5ty-six? ( ,m>*1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 dat+ 8 lett] at ,new ,b>racks1 bel[ ,new ,orleans1 say+1 ,! ,indian negroes w be receiv$ at ,=t ,pike1 & br\ght to ?is place1 via ! ,mississippi ,riv]4 ,?is c\rse 0 adopt$ ) ! concurr5ce ( ,g5]al ,ga9es4 ,ev]y?+ w be 9 read9ess to emb>k soon z ! boat arrives4 ,g5]al ,ga9es has direct$ t ! gu>d "u ! direction ( ,lieut5ant ,:eaton %all proce$ ) me4 ,major ,zantz+]1 :o comm&$ at ,=t ,pike1 appe>s to h felt "s delicacy at deliv]+ up ! negroes on ! ord] ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 &1 ) ^? impressions1 wrote ,g5]al ,jessup1 inquir+ z to t po9t4 ,he receiv$ an answ]1 dat$ sev5? ( ,april1 approv+ 8 c\rse1 & say+1 ! removal ( ! negroes 0 prop]2 !y 7 ei!r free1 or ! prop]ty ( ! ,indians4 ,all ^! proce$+s 7 report$ to ! prop] ,dep>tm5t at ,wa%+ton4 ,ab\t ! "t1 or soon aft]1 !y w\ld naturally rea* t city1 ,william ,arm/rong1 ,act+ ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,indians 9 ! ,we/]n ,t]ritory1 evid5tly 9 ! jo9t s]vice ( our ,gov]nm5t & ( ! ,creek ,indians1 address$ a note to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 dat$ at ,wa%+ton ,city1 ,april tw5ty-?ird1 #ahch1 say+1 ,:5 ,g5]al ,jessup call$ ^u volunte]s to g to ,florida1 he promis$ !m all ! prop]ty !y c\ld capture4 ,accord+ly1 ! ,creeks captur$ ne> "o hundr$ negroes1 :i* !y left 9 possession ( ! (fic]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:at has become ( ^! negroes8 ,w !y receive !m1 or _! value1 z promis$8 ,! difficulty att5d+ ! trans=mation ( m5 into *attels n[ increas$ s mu*1 t ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs address$ a lett] to ! ,hon4 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 :i* is s *>act]i/ic ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! adm9i/ration ( our ,gov]nm5t 0 !n conduct$1 t we give ! lett] 9 full3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,(fice ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,may #a1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,i h ! honor to submit = ! consid]ation & decision ( ! ,dep>tm5t a "q t has be5 pres5t$ by ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,we/]n ,t]ritory1 7,capta9 ,arm/rong47 ,9 ,septemb] la/1 ,g5]al ,jessup advis$ ! ,dep>tm5t t he _h pur*as$ f ! ,creek w>riors all ! negroes 7ab\t eighty 9 numb]71 captur$ by !m1 = #h1jjj1 & ?is pur*ase 0 approv$ on ! sev5? ( ,octob]4 ,at a subsequ5t date1 he wrote t he _h suppli$ ,lieut5ant ,se>le ) funds1 & direct$ him to make ! paym5t4 ,x is believ$1 h[ev]1 t ! w>riors refus$ to take ! sum nam$1 ,lieut5ant ,se>le hav+ made no su* paym5t1 & ! delegation "h ass]t+ t !y nev] receiv$ x4 ,x is n[ ask$1 :e!r !y w be p]mitt$ to take ! negroes1 or be paid _! value8 ,x 0 sugge/$ by ,g5]al ,jessup1 t ! consid]ation = ! captives w\ld be a prop] *>ge on ! ,sem9ole annuity4 ,b ?is w\ld deprive ! fri5dly portion1 :o h emigrat$1 ( :at !y are ju/ly1 & by law1 entitl$ to1 & to a c]ta9 ext5t w\ld be pay+ ! ,creeks ) _! own money2 = ! f\r? ,article ( ! ,treaty ) ! ,sem9oles1 ( ,may n9?1 #ahcb1 provides1 t '! annuities !n grant$ %all be add$ to ! ,creek annuities1 & ! :ole am\nt be s divid$ t ! *iefs & w>riors ( ! ,sem9ole ,indians may receive _! equitable proportion ( ! same z memb]s ( ! ,creek conf$]ation4' ,indep5d5tly ( ?is difficulty1 ,i w\ld respectfully sugge/1 :e!r !re are n o!r objections to ! pur*ase ( ^! negroes by ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,x seems to me1 t a proposition to ,congress to appropriate money to pay = !m1 & = _! transportation to ,africa1 c\ld its au?ority = t c\rse be obta9$1 or = any o!r disposition ( !m1 ,,w\ld ,,occasion ,,great ,,& ,,ext5sive ,,excitem5t4 ,su* a relation assum$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = h[ev] laudable an object1 w\ld1 x appe>s probable1 place ! c\ntry 9 no enviable attitude1 especially at ?is juncture1 :5 ! public m9d "h & else:]e x s s5sitive ^u ! subject ( slav]y4 ,! alt]native w\ld seem to be1 to deliv] ! negroes to ! ,creeks1 z orig9ally agre$ on4 ,! subject involves s _m delicate consid]ations1 t ,i respectfully invite y\r att5tion to x1 & y\r direction z to ! answ] to be giv5 to ! delegation n[ 9 ! city4 ,z e>ly a decision ( ?is "q z practicable1 is v desirable3 ! ,indians int5d+ to leave ?is place 9 f\r or five days1 & be+ anxi\s t ?is matt] %\ld be dispos$ ( be=e !y g4 ,v respectfully1 ,y\r mo/ ob$i5t s]vant1 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris1 ,commission]4 ,capta9 ,s4 ,,coop]1 ,act+ ,sec'y ( ,w>4 ,p4 ,s4--,if x %\ld be det]m9$ to deliv] !m to ! ,creeks1 ,i w\ld sugge/1 z ! op9ion ( ?is (fice1 t x w\ld be impolitic = !m to be tak5 to ! c\ntry ,we/1 & t s f> z ! ,dep>tm5t may ( "r int]f]e 9 reg>d to ! ultimate disposition1 x %\ld endeavor to h x effect$ ,,9 ,,"s ,,o!r ,,mode4 ,c4 ,a4 ,h4 ,x is no "p ( our duty to comm5t on ^! proce$+s2 yet we are con/ra9$ to say1 t no hi/orian has1 or c expla9 ! reason ( delay on ! "p ( ! ,creek ,indians1 9 reg>d to _! claim to ^! p1 = m ?an an entire ye>1 ^u any pr9ciples ( consi/5t action4 ,g5]al ,jessup said1 9 8 (ficial communications1 !y _h receiv$ _! pay1 & t ! negroes 7 ! prop]ty ( ! ,gov]nm5t2 & ! ,dep>tm5t _h approv$ 8 :ole c\rse on ?is subject4 ,! ,creeks1 s f> z we c le>n1 left ! c\ntry & w5t ,we/1 p]fectly satisfi$4 ,?is ,delegation _h be5 "s mon?s 9 ,wa%+ton1 &1 z ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs says1 7 to leave 9 f\r or five days2 :51 = ! fir/ "t1 !y m5tion$ ! subject1 al?\gh ! negroes _h be5 deta9$ f !m1 z !y allege1 9 direct violation ( _! contract4 ,!y appe> to h re/$ satisfi$ until difficulties f o!r qu>t]s 7 pres5t$ to ! ,adm9i/ration4 ,& ^! lett]s may all easily be expla9$1 z ! c>ry+ out ( a previ\s und]/&+ betwe5 ^! (fic]s & ! ,creek ,indians4 ,h[ev] t may be1 ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs wrote ,capta9 ,arm/rong1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,we/]n ,t]ritory1 z foll[s3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,(fice ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,may #e1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w> has direct$ t ! negroes belong+ to ! ,sem9oles1 & captur$ by ! w>riors 9 ,florida1 %all be plac$ at ! disposal ( ! ,delegation n[ 9 ?is city4 ,b be=e ?is c be c>ri$ into effect1 x w be necess>y to be satisfi$ t ! w>riors h n receiv$ ! #h1jjj promis$ 9 ! agreem5t ) ,g5]al ,jessup2 to asc]ta9 accurately _! numb] & id5tity1 & ! claims ( citiz5s ^u any ( !m4 ,= all to :i* su* claims c be e/abli%$1 #bj ea* w be all[$4 ,f ! in=mation n[ "h1 ! numb] is suppos$ to be betwe5 sixty & sev5ty1 ! orig9al numb] hav+ be5 r$uc$ by sickness4 ,all ! facts h]e9 indicat$ w be requir$ z e>ly z practicable2 b "s "t mu/ necess>ily elapse4 ,x is ! op9ion ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 t x w be impolitic to take ^! negroes ,we/1 & t !y %\ld be o!rwise dispos$ (4 ,any arrangem5t ! ,delegation may make respect+ !m1 & submit to ?is (fice1 w be sanction$1 & in/ructions giv5 = su* action z may be prop] on ! "p ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,v1 c41 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris4 ,capt4 ,,wm4 ,,arm/rong1 ,wa%+ton4 ,"o feature 9 ^! communications /&s out prom95tly to ! view ( ! read]3 ! numb] ( ^! victims appe>s to h und]gone con/ant dim9ution4 ,g5]al ,jessup report$ ! numb] s5t to ,=t ,pike at n9ety4 ,9 8 previ\s lett]1 address$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,commission] ,h>ris /ates ! numb] at eighty2 & 9 ?is communication1 writt5 f\r days subsequ5tly1 he /ates ! numb] to be betwe5 sixty & sev5ty2 :ile ! (ficial regi/ry %[s !re 0 "o hundr$ & ?ree--( :om "s1 h[ev]1 und\bt$ly di$4 ,if ! honorable ,secret>y ( ,w> int5d$ ^! p %\ld be deliv]$ ov] to ! ,creek ,indians z _! prop]ty1 x w\ld be difficult to und]/& by :at law he %\ld himself attempt to control !m1 9 ! subsequ5t disposition ( _! legaliz$ *attels1 or by :at au?ority he %\ld object to _! go+ ,we/4 ,x w h[ev] be se5 t "o po9t yet rema9$ undecid$4 ,! negroes 7 n to be deliv]$ until x 0 asc]ta9$ t ! ,creeks _h n receiv$ ! eight ?\s& doll>s1 agreeably to ! ord] ( ,g5]al ,jessup 9 ,septemb]1 #ahcg4 ,=tunately1 a ,lieut5ant ,sloan1 :o _h act$ z a disburs+ ag5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 0 at t precise "t 9 ,wa%+ton ,city4 ,he /at$ to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 9 a lett] dat$ ,may six?1 be+ ! day aft] ?is decision ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 assur+ him t he _h le>n$ f ,lieut5ant ,se>le himself t ! ,indians refus$ to accept ! eight ?\s& doll>s = _! int]e/ 9 ! negroes4 ,^! /atem5ts con/itut$ a s]ies ( suppos$ facts1 :i* appe>s to h be5 reg>d$ z necess>y to au?orize ! subsequ5t proce$+s4 ,?is evid5ce 01 accord+ly1 deem$ satisfactory2 & ! ,creek ,indians 7 n[ decl>$ to be ! own]s ( ^! n9ety ,exiles1 "u ! orig9al contract made betwe5 !m & ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 #ahcf3 ?us abrogat+ ! ord] ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 ,no4 #age1 & sett+ aside ! approval ( t ord] by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,w> itself--:i* 0 dat$ ! sev5? ( ,octob]1 #ahcg--leav+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates to su/a9 ! loss incurr$ by fe$+ & clo?+ ! prison]s1 & gu>d+ !m = ?irte5 mon?s4 ,at ?is "t a slave-deal] by ! "n ( ,james ,c4 ,watson1 said to reside 9 ,georgia1 happ5$ to be also at ! seat ( ,gov]nm5t1 z 0 common = ,s\!rn g5tlem5 dur+ ! sessions ( ,congress4 ,to ?is man ! (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t n[ appli$ = aid1 9 extricat+ !mselves f ! difficulty into :i* !y _h be5 br\ght by ?is slave-deal+ transaction4 ,ev5 ! ,secret>y ( ,w> is said to h enc\rag$ ,watson to pur*ase ^? negroes ( ! ,creek ,indians4#aag ,by reque/ ( ^! public function>ies1 & at _! in/ance1 ,mr4 ,watson decl>es he 0 induc$ to pur*ase ! negroes1 & to give betwe5 f\rte5 & fifte5 ?\s& doll>s = !m4#aah ,x 0 p]haps ! heavie/ pur*ase ( slaves made 9 ! city ( ,wa%+ton dur+ t ye>1 & c]ta9ly ! mo/ dignifi$ transaction 9 human fle% t ev] took place at ! capital ( our nation1 or ( any o!r civiliz$ p2 inasmu* z ! high (fic]s ( ?is enlight5$ & ,*ri/ian conf$]ation ( ,/ates con/itut$ a negotiat+ p>ty to ?is important sale ( human be+s4 ,! pur*ase appe>s to h tak5 place on ! sev5? ( ,may2 & ,watson1 be+ unable to g imm$iately to ,new ,orleans1 au?oriz$ 8 bro!r-9-law1 ,na?aniel ,f4 ,coll9s ( ,alabama1 z 8 ag5t & attorney1 to repair to t city & take possession ( ! prison]s4 ,yet ! :ole bus9ess appe>s to h be5 c>ri$ on 9 ! "n ( ! ,creek ,indians4 ,on ! eigh? ( ,may1 five p]sons1 /yl+ !mselves *iefs1 head-m5 & delegates ( ! ,creek ,tribe ( ,indians1 fil$ ) ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs a reque/1 /at+ t !y _h appo9t$ ,na?aniel ,f4 ,coll9s1 ,esq41 ( ,alabama1 _! ag5t & attorney1 to dem& & receive f ,g5]al ,jessup ! negro slaves :i* ! ,creek w>riors _h captur$ 9 ,florida1 "u _! agreem5t ) t (fic]1 made 9 ,septemb]1 #ahcf1 & reque/+ ! ,dep>tm5t to furni% ! prop] ord] = obta9+ possession ( ! slaves f ! (fic] hav+ !m 9 *>ge4 ,?is reque/ 0 communicat$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> ! next day1 by ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 & con/itutes a "p ( ! record2 &1 com+ f t dep>tm5t ( gov]nm5t mo/ implicat$ 9 ?is slave-deal+ transaction1 we place x be=e ! read]3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,(fice ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,may #i1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,! decision made a few days s9ce1 reque/+ t ! negroes captur$ by ! ,creek w>riors 9 ,florida1 %\ld1 9 compliance ) ! engagem5t ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 be deliv]$ to ! ,delegation n[ "h1 has be5 communicat$ to !m ) ! intimation t1 :5 !y _h det]m9$ :at disposition w\ld be made ( !m1 & communicat$ in=mation ( ! same to ?is ,dep>tm5t1 ! necess>y ord]s w\ld be issu$4 ,9 a communication j receiv$ f ! ,delegation1 !y /ate !y h appo9t$ ,na?aniel ,f4 ,coll9s1 ( ,alabama1 _! attorney 9 fact to receive ! negroes4 ,i h ! honor to reque/ t an ord] be issu$ to ! comm&+ (fic] at ,=t ,pike2 to ,major ,isaac ,cl>k1 at ,new ,orleans2 to ! comm&+ (fic] 9 ,florida1 & to any o!r (fic] :o may h *>ge ( !m1 to deliv] to ,mr4 ,coll9s all ! negroes 9 "q4 ,he w1 ( c\rse1 hold !m subject to ! lawful claims ( all :ite p]sons4 ,abraham & 8 family %\ld be except$1 9 consequ5ce ( a promise made by ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,! (fic]s %\ld be in/ruct$ to use due caution1 s z to deliv] only ^? captur$ by ! ,creeks4 ,x is prop] to rem>k1 t x appe>s f a lett] receiv$ f ,lieut5ant ,sloan1 t ^! ,indians refus$ to receive ! #h1jjj1 (f]$ !m "u ! direction ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 = _! int]e/ 9 ^! negroes4 ,v respectfully1 ,y\r mo/ ob$i5t s]vant1 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris4 ,capt4 ,s4 ,,coop]1 ,act+ ,sec4 ( ,w>4 ,on ! same day1 ,mr4 ,coll9s 0 furni%$ ) writt5 in/ructions1 :i*1 be+ also important1 are pres5t$ to ! read]3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,(fice ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,may #i1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,hav+ be5 notifi$ by ! ,creek ,delegation t !y h appo9t$ y _! ag5t & attorney 9 fact1 to receive ! negroes captur$ by _! w>riors 9 ,florida1 :i*1 by ! decision ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 are to be deliv]$ up to !m1 9 con=mity to ! agreem5t made ) !m by ,g5]al ,jessup1 ,i h ! honor to transmit h]e) ! copy ( a communication to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> on ! subject1 :i* has receiv$ 8 approval4 ,ord]s w be giv5 to ! (fic]s !re9 nam$ to c>ry ! measure into effect1 9 con=mity to ! recomm5dation4 ,capta9 ,morrison1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,sem9ole ,emigration at ,tampa ,bay1 & ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 engag$ 9 remov+ a p>ty ( ! same1 at ,new ,orleans1 h be5 in/ruct$ to assi/ & cop]ate 9 ! matt]4 ,h]e) y w receive ! copy ( a li/ ( negroes captur$ by ,g5]al ,jessup1 :i*1 x is believ$1 embraces ! negroes to :i* ! ,creeks are entitl$2 b z ?is is n c]ta91 mu* caution %\ld be us$ 9 id5tify+ !m4 ,x is suppos$ t all ^! negroes n[ alive are at ,=t ,pike2 b "s ( !m may be at ,tampa ,bay1 or o!r places3 x w be = y to f9d !m4 ,no exp5se ( any nature :atev]1 gr[+ out ( ?is matt]1 w be paid by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris1 ,comm'r4 ,n4 ,f4 ,,coll9s1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,prep>ations be+ n[ p]fect$1 & ! :ole matt] be+ fully und]/ood1 ,mr4 ,coll9s left ,wa%+ton on ! foll[+ morn+1 prep>$ to br+ ^? fa!rs1 & mo!rs1 & *ildr51 back to s]vitude 9 ,georgia1 f :i* _! ance/ors _h fl$ ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s previ\sly2 & ?is nef>i\s "w 0 ?us enc\rag$ & sanction$ by our ,gov]nm5t4 ,( ^! movem5ts ! ,exiles 7 ignorant4 ,_m he>ts 7 mov$ 9 sympa?y = !m1 & _m ( our milit>y (fic]s 7 active 9 _! endeavors to defeat ! ma*9ations ( ! ,presid5t & ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds f\nd x necess>y to return to ,florida be=e leav+ ,new ,orleans ) 8 p>ty ( ,emigrants4 ,:ile he 0 abs5t1 ! ef=ts ( slavehold]s to renslave ^! p appe>$ to increase1 & !y became m bold1 al?\gh ,coll9s _h n yet appe>$1 clo!d ) ! au?ority ( ,gov]nm5t1 to effect _! enslavem5t4 ,g5]al ,ga9es1 comm&+ ! ,we/]n ,milit>y ,di/rict ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & resid+ at ,new ,orleans1 z if premoni%$ ( ! arrival ( ?is national slave cat*]1 issu$ 8 p]emptory ord] 7,april #bi71 direct+ ,major ,cl>k1 ,act+ ,qu>t]-,ma/] at ,new ,orleans1 to make arrangem5ts = ! imm$iate emb>kation & emigration ( ! ,sem9ole ,indians & black prison]s ( w>1 at t "t 9 ,l\isiana1 to ! place ( _! de/9ation on ! ,arkansas ,riv]1 ne> ,=t ,gibson4 ,major ,cl>k be+ ?us plac$ 9 *>ge ( ! prison]s = ! purpose ( emigrat+ !m1 at once in=m$ ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 t claims 7 made = ab\t sev5ty ( ! ,sem9ole negroes1 & ! c\rts "h h issu$ _! w>rants to take !m4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,attorney has be5 consult$4 ,he gives x z 8 op9ion1 t ! ,%]iff mu/ be all[$ to s]ve ! process4 ,x appe>s !y are claims f ,georgia1 pur*as$ f ,creek ,indians4 ,no movem5t ( ! ,indians or negroes c be made at pres5t4 ,! ,indians are almo/ 9 a /ate ( mut9y4 ,?is /ate ( feel+ arose f ^! attempts aga9 to sep>ate ! ,indians & negroes4 ,_m ( !m 7 int]m>ri$3 !y _h be5 sep>at$2 _! families brok5 up1 b 7 n[ reunit$1 & !y det]m9$ to die r ?an be aga9 sep>at$4 ,! ,exiles _h also f\ght boldly beside ! ,indians2 !y _h enc\nt]$ dang]s toge!r1 & _h become atta*$ to ea* o!r2 & soon z ! subject ( surr5d]+ ! ,exiles to bondage 0 nam$1 ! ,indians became enrag$1 ?reat5+ viol5ce & dea? to ^? :o %\ld attempt aga9 to sep>ate !m f ! ,exiles4 ,! claimants m5tion$ by ,major ,cl>k1 7 f ,georgia4 ,! pirates :o robb$ ,e-con-*attimico & ,walk] ( _! slaves & seiz$ ! ,exiles resid5t ) ^? *iefs1 z /at$ 9 a =m] *apt]1 7 f ,georgia4 ,watson1 ! m dignifi$ deal] 9 human fle%1 & act+ 9 accordance ) ! advice ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 0 also f ,georgia2 & all ^! claims 7 said to be d]iv$ f ,creek ,indians1 :o1 z we h se51 pr(ess$ to own all ! ,exiles :o fl$ f ,georgia aft] ! close ( ! ,revolution1 & prior to #ahjb1 toge!r ) _! desc5dants4 ,in=mation1 respect+ ^! difficulties ( renslav+ ! ,exiles1 rea*$ ! au?orities at ,wa%+ton1 & creat$ great emb>rassm5t4 ,! ,w> ,dep>tm5t appe>s nev] to h anticipat$ t negroes1 :o 7 already prison]s ( w>1 w\ld f9d fri5ds or means to awak5 ! sympa?y ( o!rs4 ,b x 0 cle> t any litigation w\ld make ! public acqua9t$ ) ! facts4 ,x w be recollect$ t on ! t5? ( ,may1 ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs wrote an ord]1 direct$ to ,g5]al ,jessup1 to deliv] up ne> "o hundr$ ( ^! ,exiles to ,coll9s1 ! ,ag5t ( ,watson1 & two days lat]--t is1 on ! twelf? ( ,may--he wrote ,?omas ,slidell1 ,di/rict ,attorney ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ,new ,orleans1 say+1 ,x is repres5t$ to ?is ,dep>tm5t1 t ! emigration ( ! ,sem9oles1 n[ ne> ,new ,orleans1 has be5 imp$$ by claims set up to "s ( _! negroes4 ,i am direct$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to reque/ t y w give ! ,indians y\r advice & assi/ance1 & by all prop] & legal means protect !m f inju/ice & f h>rass+ & improp] int]f]5ces ) _! prop]ty & p]sons4 ,x is ( ! highe/ importance t1 if possible1 no imp$im5ts %\ld be suff]$ to be ?r[n 9 ! way ( _! spe$y conveyance to _! c\ntry1 we/ ( ,arkansas4 ,x is a hi/orical curiosity1 t ! ,secret>y ( ,w> %\ld s (t5 *ange 8 policy4 ,he _h1 z ! read] is aw>e1 ex]t$ 8 influ5ce to prev5t ^? ,exiles1 :o _h be5 captur$ by ! ,creeks1 f go+ ,we/4 ,on ! fif? ( ,may1 ,commission] ,h>ris decl>$--x is ! op9ion ( ! ,dep>tm5t t x w be impolitic to take ^! negroes ,we/2 & on ! n9?1 act+ "u ! direction ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 he furni%$ ,mr4 ,coll9s ) au?ority to dem& & receive ^! p1 & in/ructions 7 also issu$ to ! (fic] comm&+ at ,=t ,pike2 to ,major ,isaac ,cl>k at ,new ,orleans2 to ! comm&+ (fic] at ,florida1 & to any o!r (fic] :o may h ! negroes 9 *>ge1 to deliv] !m to ,mr4 ,coll9s2 :ile ?ree days aft]w>ds he assures ,mr4 ,slidell1 z be=e /at$1 ,x is ( ! highe/ importance t1 if possible1 no imp$im5ts %\ld be suff]$ to be ?r[n 9 ! way ( _! spe$y conveyance to _! c\ntry1 we/ ( ,arkansas4 ,?is lett] to ,mr4 ,slidell 0 inclos$ 9 ano!r ( ! same date1 address$ to ,major ,cl>k1 z foll[s3 ,,sir3 ,i h ! honor to ackn[l$ge ! receipt to-day ( y\r lett] ( ! ?ird in/ant4 ,! enclos$ copy ( a lett] ( ?is date to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,attorney w %[ y :at measures h be5 adopt$ 9 relation to ! claims set up to ! ,sem9ole negroes4 ,?is is all t ?is ,dep>tm5t c d 9 ?is matt]4 ,x is v mu* to be regrett$1 t any?+ has occurr$ to prev5t ! spe$y emigration ( ^! ,indians4 ,i w be greatly oblig$ to y1 %\ld no emigrat+ ag5t be at ,new ,orleans1 to give all ! aid 9 y\r p[] 9 remov+ ! difficulties :i* are ?r[n 9 _! way4 ,:ile ! ,executive (fic]s at ,wa%+ton1 ! ,creek ,indians1 & ! slave-deal] ,watson1 7 arrang+ _! contracts & p]fect+ _! plans = enslav+ ^? ,exiles1 :o _h be5 captur$ ) ! assi/ance ( ! ,creek w>riors1 an important & mo/ spirit$ conte/ 0 progress+ 9 ,new ,orleans4 ,be=e "o ( ! c\rts ( ! ,/ate ( ,l\isiana1 a slave-deal] by ! "n ( ,love1 claim$ title to ! bodies1 ! bones & muscles1 ! blood & s9ews1 ( "s sixty ( ^! p]sons1 held by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z prison]s ( w>4 ,!y _h be5 captur$ by our troops z ho/iles2 _h be5 held = ?irte5 mon?s z prison]s ( w>2 _h be5 f$1 & clo!d1 & gu>d$1 at ! exp5se ( ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates3 b !y 7 n[ claim$ z ! prop]ty ( ,love4 ,?is absurdity 0 pres5t$ be=e an enlight5$ c\rt z a grave "q ( int]national law2 & a det]m9$ ef=t 0 put =? be=e t ,/ate tribunal to *ange ! law ( nations2 to modify ! law ( ,nature & ( ,nature's ,god1 s f> z to trans=m m5 into *attels1 & decl>e ^! prison]s ( w> to be ! prop]ty ( _! fell[ m54 ,love dem&$ ! ,exiles ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 :o 0 9 actual comm& ( ! ,we/]n ,milit>y ,di/rict ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & by virtue ( 8 (fice held control ( ! ,exiles :ile 9 8 di/rict4 ,br$ to ! pr(ession ( arms1 he _h made himself famili> ) ^? pr9ciples ( natural1 ( int]national1 law :i* po9t out ! rights ( bellig]5ts1 :e!r !y belong to ! victori\s or ! vanqui%$ nation4 ,be+ advis$ t ef=ts 7 mak+ to get possession ( ^! ,exiles = ! purpose ( renslav+ !m1 he indicat$ to ! (fic] 9 comm& at ! b>racks ! propriety ( reta9+ possession ( !m z he w\ld ( o!r prison]s ( w>4 ,on ! second ( ,may1 ! ,%]iff ( ,new ,orleans appe>$ at ! b>racks1 & desir$ to pass ! l9e ( s5t9els = ! purpose ( s]v+ 8 process2 b ! s5t9el1 punctili\s to 8 duty1 refus$ to let him ent]4 ,! ,%]iff !n return$ 8 writ ) ! foll[+ indorsem5t !reon3 ,receiv$ ,may second1 #ahch1 & dem&$ ! )9 slaves ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 ! def5dant1 :o answ]$ me1 t he nev] _h ! )9 describ$ slaves 9 8 possession1 or "u 8 control4 ,i f\nd ! slaves at ! b>racks ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b ! (fic]s 9 *>ge ( ! same refus$ to deliv] !m to me4 ,return$ ,may eigh?1 #ahch4 ,,fr$]ick ,,buisson1 ,%]iff4 ,! ,exiles /ill rema9$ 9 ! b>racks "u ! (fic]s 9 *>ge ( !m2 & on ! n9? ( ,may1 ,g5]al ,ga9es su$ out a rule to set aside ! ord] ( seque/ration ^u ! gr\nds1 t ! negroes 7 'prison]s ( w>' ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 tak5 9 combat ) ! ,sem9ole ,indians2 t ! control ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ov] said negroes1 & _! "r to ! control ( su* negroes z prison]s ( w>1 c\ld n be tak5 away by ! seque/ration issu$4 ,?us 0 ! manhood ( ^! color$ p ass]t$ by ?is milit>y (fic] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at t day1 :5 few memb]s ( ,congress w\ld h haz>d$ _! reputation by ! av[al ( simil> doctr9es4 ,tw5ty-?ree ye>s previ\sly1 z ! read] has already be5 in=m$1 ,g5]al ,ga9es gave to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t notice t fugitives & outlaws _h tak5 possession ( a =t on ! ,appala*icola ,riv]4 ,tw5ty-two ye>s previ\sly1 he _h detail$ ,g5]al ,cl9*1 ) 8 regim5t & five hundr$ ,creek w>riors1 to de/roy ,bl\nt's ,=t1 & take ! fugitive slaves & return !m to _! own]s4 ,he _h only two ye>s previ\sly gone to ,florida1 m>*$ into ! ,indian ,t]ritory1 & f\ght !m bravely = sev]al days4 ,he n[ saw ^! ,exiles & ,indians 9 a diff]5t situation4 ,he witness$ _! atta*m5t to ea* o!r z p>5ts & *ildr51 z husb&s & wives1 z memb]s ( ! human family1 & 8 sympa?y 0 ar\s$--8 humanity 0 awak5$4 ,8 f9] feel+s be+ call$ =?1 he possess$ ! firmness1 ! indep5d5ce1 to act accord+ to ! dictates ( 8 consci5ce & judgm5t4#aai ,he assum$ ! responsibility ( pay+ co/s & damages1 caus$ himself to be made def5dant 9 ! case1 &1 hav+ obta9$ a rule on ! %]iff to %[ cause :y ! negroes %\ld n be deliv]$ z prison]s ( w> to him1 z comm&] ( t ,milit>y ,di/rict1 he appe>$ 9 p]son at ! b> ( ! c\rt1 & ably v9dicat$ ! rights ( ,gov]nm5t1 ( himself1 & ( ! prison]s4 ,! laws 7said he7 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates au?orize ! late & exi/+ w> aga9/ ! ,sem9ole nation ( ,indians1 & aga9/ all p]sons 9 _! s]vice4 ,! negroes claim$ by ! pla9tiff 7 f\nd 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,indians1 speak+ ! same language1 &1 l ! inhabitants ( all savage nations1 aid+ & assi/+ 9 ! w>4 ,!y 7 captur$ & tak5 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates =ces z prison]s ( w>1 & !y are n[ 9 *>ge ( a ,unit$ ,/ates (fic]1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 act+ pursuant to ! ord]s ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 direct+ him to sup]9t5d _! transportation f ! !atre ( w> 9 ,florida1 to a place set ap>t = _! location1 we/ ( ! ,/ate ( ,arkansas1 z prison]s ( w>1 z well z s]vants ( ! ,sem9ole ,indians1 :o are also prison]s ( w>4 ,! laws ( w>1 z embrac$ 9 ! works ( ,brynk]%oeck1 ,vattel & ,:eaton1 cle>ly sanction ! pr9ciple1 t all p]sons tak5 9 battle1 or :o may be =c$ to surr5d]1 :e!r (fic]s1 soldi]s1 or foll[]s ( ! enemy's army1 are prison]s ( w>4 99 99 99 ,among savage nations1 x is univ]sally kn[n & admitt$1 t 9 w> !y h no non-combatants1 except+ only su* z are physically incapable ( wield+ arms4 ,e man1 )\t reg>d to age or color2 e boy able to fire a gun1 or wield a hat*et1 or an arr[1 is a w>rior4 ,& e woman is a labor]1 9 ! collection & prep>ation ( subsi/5ce & clo?+ = ! w>riors3 all are !re=e liable1 :5 captur$ 9 a /ate ( ho/ility1 to be treat$ z prison]s ( w>4 ,he decl>$ himself lawlessly tax$ ) ?is inve/igation1 & lawlessly ?reat5$ ) heavy damages & co/s1 & =c$ to be def5dant1 )\t any legal or rational gr\nds ( action aga9/ him4 ,i am 7said he7 au?oriz$1 9 virtue ( my (ficial /ation z ,major ,g5]al1 comm&+ ! ,we/]n ,division ( ! ,army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 to s]ve !m hone/ly & fai?fully aga9/ _! enemies & oppos]s1 :omsoev]1 & to obey ! ord]s ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 etc4 ,"u ?is (ficial pl$ge1 ,i deem x my duty to af=d e (fic] ( ! army :atev] facilities may be necess>y & prop]1 to enable !m to p]=m :atev] duty is confid$ to !m by ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 pursuance ( ?is au?ority1 ,i ord]$ ,major ,cl>k to furni% transportation1 = enabl+ ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 & ! (fic]s on duty ) him1 to convey ! prison]s ( w> to ! place ( _! de/9ation 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,b x seems t ! c\nsel = ! claimant has flatt]$ himself t ,i %\ld make ! mo/ conv5i5t & accommodat+ def5dant imag9able4 ,i 0 expect$ to take ! responsibility ( do+ :atev] ! voraci\s claimant might desire1 )\t com+ into ?is honorable c\rt4 ,i take leave to apprise ! c\rt1 = ! b5efit ( all conc]n$1 t ,i h nev] hesitat$ to assume ! responsibility ( do+ my duty1 or ( do+ ju/ice2 b ,i h n yet le>n$1 :ile act+ 9 my (ficial capacity on oa?1 to take ! responsibility ( do+ t :i* is repugnant to law1 unju/ & iniquit\s1 z ,i v]ily believe any favor %[n to ?is claim w\ld be4 ,! c\rt appe>s to labor "u ! impression1 t ! negroes 9 "q 7 captur$ by ! ,sem9ole ,indians1 9 ! c\rse ( _! ho/ile incursions ^u our fronti] inhabitants4 ,is ?is ! fact8 ,i w assume1 = ! le>n$ c\nsel ( ! claimant1 t he w nev] h ! tem]ity to ass]t t !y are among ! numb] tak5 f our fronti] inhabitants 9 ! pres5t1 or 9 any =m] w>4 ,! gallant ,g5]al1 z well z "s o!r well in=m$ (fic]s1 appe>s to h be5 consci\s ( ! real "* ( ^! ,exiles1 z w h be5 notic$ 9 8 la/ rem>k1 assur+ ! c\rt1 t !y 7 nev] captur$ f ! :ite p 9 ! pres5t1 or 9 any =m] w>4 ,! gr\nd :i* he assum$1 t ! captives 7 prison]s ( w>1 subject to ! ord]s ( ! ,executive1 0 s self-evid5tly true t x c\ld n be met or ov]?r[n1 by reason or by argum5t4 ,8 honor ! ,judge1 9 deliv]+ 8 op9ion dis*>g+ ! rule1 disreg>d$ all claims to "r on ! "p ( ! ,exiles4 ,!y be+ black1 "u ! laws ( ,l\isiana1 7 presum$ to be slaves to "s p]son2 & he spoke ) exultation ( ! fact1 t nei!r ,g5]al ,ga9es nor ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h claim$ !m z slaves2 & he decl>$ x w\ld be inf9itely m wise & natural = ! ,unit$ ,/ates to hold !m z lawful prize to ! captors1 ?an x w\ld be to s5d !m ) ! ,indians to cultivate _! l&s 9 "t ( peace1 & swell ! numb] ( our enemies 9 times ( w>2 b1 on ?is motion1 he ?\ght ! c\rt b\nd to reg>d ! facts set =? 9 ! pla9tiff's claim z true1 & he !re=e dis*>g$ ! rule1 & made ! ord] ( seque/ration absolute4 ,!re n[ appe>$ no hope ( escape = ^! p2 !y seem$ to be ! sport ( =tune4 ,= m ?an a c5tury !y & _! ance/ors _h set at defiance ! ef=ts ( slavehold]s1 assi/$ by ,gov]nm5t1 to renslave !m2 b !y n[ appe>$ to be )9 ! p[] ( ^? :o 7 anxi\s to consign !m to bondage4 ,on ! fifte5? ( ,may1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 hav+ return$ to ,new ,orleans1 wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 say+1 ,i arriv$ at ?is place f ,tampa ,bay ye/]day2 0 deta9$ long] ?an ,i expect$ to be1 9 consequ5ce ( ! abs5ce ( ,g5]al ,jessup f ,=t ,brooke4 ,arrangem5ts are made = ! emb>kation ( ! p>ty = ',=t ,gibson1' ) ! exception ( sixty-sev5 ( ! negroes1 :o are claim$ by p]sons f ,georgia4 ,! civil au?orities1 ,i und]/&1 require t ^! negroes be n remov$4 ,x appe>s t ,g5]al ,ga9es pres5t$ himself z def5dant1 & cont5d$1 t z ! negroes 7 prison]s ( w>1 ! civil au?ority _h no "r to wre/ !m f ! ,gov]nm5t's h&s4 ,! c\rt h[ev] decid$ contr>y1 ackn[l$g+ ! ,indians alone z prison]s1 & ! negroes z ! prop]ty ( ! ,indians4 ,! case w n come on = "s "t1 &1 deem+ 7f all t ,i c le>n7 t ! claim is fraudul5t1 x w be necess>y t !y rema94 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds 0 delay$ until ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,may be=e he 0 able to emb>k ! o!r prison]s4 ,"o /eam] left on ! n9ete5?2 & on ! tw5ty-fir/1 he wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 say+1 ,?irty-"o ( ! negroes1 out ( ! sixty-sev51 h be5 select$ by ! claimants4 ,^! negroes1 ,i am in=m$1 d n belong to ! ,indians on :om ! claims h be5 made4 ,?is op5$ up new hopes = ^? to :om ! claimants admitt$ !y _h no title4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 some?+ ab\t ?is surr5d] :i* we are n able to expla94 ,x is c]ta9 t ,lieut5ant ,reynolds left ,new ,orleans on ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,may ) all ! prison]s1 bo? ,indians & negroes !n at t city1 except ?irty-"o left 9 *>ge ( ! %]iff1 & sev5 ,spani% m>oons1 :om he dis*>g$4 ,! rema9+ ?irty-"o 7 left 9 ! *>ge ( ! %]iff1 ) ! slave-cat*+ vultures wat*+1 & eag] to fa/5 _! talons ^u !m s soon z opportunity %\ld p]mit4 ,! sep>ation 0 pa9ful4 ,families 7 aga9 sev]$3 p>5ts 7 torn f _! *ildr51 & bro!rs & si/]s compell$ to bid adieu to ea* o!r2 & z !y c\ld see no escape = ^? left at ,new ,orleans1 !y reg>d$ ! sep>ation z f9al4 ,b ! o!r prison]s 7 on bo>d4 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds & o!r (fic]s _h done :at !y c\ld1 & !y desir$ soon z possible to get ! hapless ,exiles1 :o yet rema9$ 9 _! possession1 beyond ! rea* ( slave-hunt]s & slave-cat*]s4 ,t my/]i\s p[]1 /eam1 0 n[ appli$2 & rapidly ! vessel 0 driv5 aga9/ ! /rong curr5t ( ! ,mississippi1 z ! sable pass5g]s ca/ _! la/1 l+]+ look t[>d _! fri5ds :o rema9$ beh9d1 ! victims ( a tyranny--an oppression--:i* yet disgraces ! civilization ( ! age 9 :i* we live4 ,! ,indians 7 also ?\ghtful & sad1 z !y ca/ _! eyes back t[>ds _! belov$ ,florida1 ! sc5es amid/ :i* !y _h be5 born & re>$2 :]e !y _h f\ght2 :]e _! bre?r5 _h be5 sla92 :]e _! fa!rs re/$ peacefully 9 _! graves4 ,_m bitt] sighs 7 he>d1 & _m te>s fell f ! eyes ( ^? prison]s z !y resum$ _! voyage1 = unkn[n homes 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,difficulties ,,9 ,,enslav+ ,,exiles ,,cont9u$4 ,coll9s1 ,ag5t = ! ,slave-deal]1 rea*es ,=t ,pike--,prison]s gone--,he repairs to ,new ,orleans--rea*es t ,city "o day aft] ! ,exiles & ,indians _h left--,he foll[s !m up ! ,riv]--,:ole numb] ( ,prison]s on ! two boats--,!y /op a few h\rs at ,vicksburg--,coll9s ov]takes !m--,h&s 8 ,ord] to ,reynolds--,!y consult toge!r--,difficulty 9 sep>at+ ,indians f ,negroes--,!y all proce$ toge!r--,reynolds & ,coll9s endeavor to p]suade ,indians to deliv] ov] ,negroes--,!y refuse--,!y rea* ,little ,rock--,call on ,gov]nor ,roane = milit>y aid--,8 emphatic ,answ]--,!y proce$ to ,=t ,gibson--,call on ,g5]al ,arbuckle to sep>ate !m--,he refuses--,coll9s gives up all z lo/--,8 ,lett] to ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs4 ,coll9s1 ! ag5t ( ,watson1 left ! ,city ( ,wa%+ton on ! t5? ( ,may ) full p[]s to act = ! ,creek *iefs z well z = 8 pr9cipal2 fully provid$1 also1 ) ord]s f ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 direct+ all (fic]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ^: cu/ody ! ,exiles might be1 to deliv] !m to ?is ag5t ( ! slave-deal]4 ,expect+ to f9d 8 victims at ,=t ,pike1 he repair$ to t place2 b on 8 arrival f\nd !y _h left = ,new ,orleans "s days previ\sly4 ,he =?) foll[$ !m1 & rea*$ t city on ! tw5ty-second ( ,june1 be+ "o day aft] ,reynolds & 8 prison]s _h left t city = ,=t ,gibson4 ,?us x w be se51 t ! ef=ts ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 & ! active vigilance ( ,major ,cl>ke & ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 _h b>ely succe$$ 9 gett+ ^! p "u way = _! we/]n homes1 :5 ! au?ority = _! renslavem5t arriv$4 ,vex$ & mortifi$ at ?is disappo9tm5t1 ,coll9s took passage on ! fir/ packet b\nd up ! riv]1 det]m9$ to secure ! victims ( ,watson's cupidity :]ev] he %\ld f9d !m4 ,:ile ,coll9s 0 ?us spe$+ 8 way up ! riv]1 ,reynolds & 8 *>ge1 unconsci\s t ! slave-hunt] 0 on _! track1 /opp$ at ,vicksburg = a few h\rs to obta9 supplies = _! j\rney4 ,:ile pass+ up ! riv]1 ,reynolds wrote a report to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 /at+ t on ! boat :i* left ,new ,orleans on ! n9ete5?1 six hundr$ & sev5ty-f\r prison]s _h be5 plac$ = emigration2 t on ! boat :i* left ! tw5ty-fir/1 on :i* he _h tak5 passage1 !re 7 f\r hundr$ & fifty-?ree--mak+ 9 all twelve hundr$ & tw5ty-"o ,indians & negroes1 :o 7 n[ emigrat+ to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,:ile !y 7 ly+ at ,vicksburg1 ,coll9s arriv$1 &1 z he /ates1 succe$$ 9 gett+ ! ord] ( ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs h&$ to ,reynolds4 ,?is 0 und\bt$ly correct1 = ,reynolds wrote ! ,dep>tm5t ! same day1 say+1 ,s9ce my lett] ?is morn+1 enclos+ an ab/ract ( my mu/]-roll1 ,mr4 ,coll9s1 ! attorney1 recogniz$ by y1 has s5t (f v>i\s pap]s1 9 relation to c]ta9 claims = negroes tak5 by ! ,creek ,volunte]s1 & y\r ord] has be5 receiv$4 ,i h !re=e made arrangem5ts ) ,mr4 ,coll9s to accompany me to ,little ,rock on bo>d ( my boat1 t no "t may be lo/ 9 ! emigration on ! passage f "h ?i!r4 ,due c>e w be _h 9 select+ su* only z come )9 y\r ord]1 z also to apprise ! *iefs & o!r ,indians ) reg>d to ! claim4 ,! excitem5t ev9c$ at ,new ,orleans on ! "p ( ! ,indians1 conv9c$ me ( ! necessity ( ?is measure4 ,i ?9k t1 betwe5 ?is & ,little ,rock1 ,i w be enabl$ to p]suade !m to cons5t )\t any resi/ance on _! "p4 ,z /at$ 9 ?is lett]1 ,mr4 ,coll9s took passage at ,vicksburg ) ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 & agre$ to g on ) him & 8 prison]s1 until !y c\ld p]suade ! ,indians to sep>ate f _! fri5ds & companions1 _! wives & *ildr51 or until !y c\ld obta9 a milit>y =ce suffici5t to compel ! sep>ation4 ,mr4 ,reynolds says t ! excitem5t on ! "p ( ! ,indians at ,new ,orleans1 _h conv9c$ him ( ! necessity ( ?is measure2 & ! only d\bt ( 8 p]fect s9c]ity re/s on ! ass]tion1 t he ?\ght he c\ld1 :ile on ! voyage1 induce ! ,indians to cons5t to su* sep>ation4 ,on ! tw5ty-sev5?1 !y left ,vicksburg = ,=t ,gibson4 ,:ile on _! passage1 !y _h full opportunity to delib]ate & consult toge!r z to ! be/ mode ( c>ry+ out ! plan ( trans=m+ ?is small portion ( mank9d into prop]ty2 b ! univ]sal laws ( ,nature & ( ,nature's ,god appe>$ to conflict ) ?is slave-deal+ !ory4 ,:ile on ! passage up ! riv]1 ,mr4 ,reynolds assembl$ ! ,indian *iefs & w>riors1 & laid be=e !m ! facts conc]n+ ! claim ( ,watson1 &1 z he says1 expla9$ e ?+ calculat$ to appease !m4 ,b ! result we give 9 8 own words1 express$ 9 a lett] dat$ at ,little ,rock1 ,arkansas1 ,june second1 be+ "o week aft] !y left ,vicksburg1 9 :i* he says3 ,!y 7! ,indians7 at once demurr$3 ,micanopy tak+ ! lead1 say+1 x 0 contr>y to ! express words ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 & w\ld li/5 to no?+ calculat$ to dispossess !m ( _! negroes4 ,f9d+ !m ?us det]m9$1 ,i prev5t$ any communication ) !m on ! subject until rea*+ ?is place1 :5 !y 7 aga9 call$ toge!r1 & ,i repeat$ all t _h be5 m5tion$ to !m be=e4 ,i told !m x 0 ne$less to object2 my ord]s 7 positive1 & mu/ be obey$4 ,all 0 ( no use2 !y became1 if any?+1 m vex$ ?an be=e1 & left me mu* exasp]at$4 ,mr4 ,coll9s witness$ my ex]tions to c>ry out y\r in/ructions2 inde$1 sir1 ,i h be5 excessively p]plex$ ) ^! ,indians & negroes4 ,i see no me?od 9 ! abs5ce ( =ce by :i* possession ( ! negroes c be _h4 ,! au?orities "h %[ a decid$ incl9ation to protect ! ,indians1 & !re is no d\bt e attempt w fail on our "p4 ,i h 9 no in/ance act$ ) duplicity4 ,! /atem5ts made1 h be5 z !y actually exi/4 ,?irty-"o ( ! numb] left at ,new ,orleans are on ! (ficial li/ h&$ me by ,mr4 ,coll9s4 ,! :ole p>ty 7 deta9$ sev]al days at ,little ,rock 9 consequ5ce ( ! l[ /age ( wat]4 ,:ile wait+ "h1 ,coll9s appe>s to h become impati5t1 & anxi\s to get possession ( ! negroes4 ,inde$1 f ! clos+ rem>k ( ,mr4 ,reynolds's lett]1 la/ quot$1 we are l$ to suspect t little sympa?y exi/$ betwe5 ,reynolds & ?is ag5t ( ! slave-deal]2 nor is x unlikely t an (fic]1 br$ up 9 ! cultivation ( a high & *ivalr\s s5se ( honor1 w\ld feel "s repugnance at be+ con/ra9$ to associate ) any man employ$ 9 ! bus9ess :i* br\ght ,coll9s to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,kn[+1 h[ev]1 t ! ,executive ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h become 9 fact a p>ty 9 ?is disreputable transaction1 he endeavor$ to manife/ at lea/ a respect = ^? (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t :o _h become p>ticipants 9 x4 ,on ! ?ird ( ,june1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds address$ an (ficial lett] to ,samuel ,c4 ,roane1 ,gov]nor ( ,arkansas1 /at+ ! circum/ances 9 :i* he 0 plac$4 ,he set =? ! claim ( ! ,creeks1 & _! sale to ,watson1 toge!r ) ! fact t ,coll9s 0 !n at ,little ,rock1 anxi\s to obta9 possession ( ! negroes2 t he 7,reynolds7 c\ld n deliv] !m to ,coll9s )\t assi/ance1 & on t acc\nt dem&$ ( 8 ,excell5cy assi/ance ( ! civil au?ority to aid him 9 c>ry+ out ! policy ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,"h aga9 ! work+s ( ! human he>t1 & ! laws ( human nature1 ca/ insurm\ntable ob/acles 9 ! way ( c>ry+ out ! ,executive designs4 ,true1 ,arkansas 0 a slave ,/ate1 & h] ,gov]nor 0 a slavehold]1 *>act]iz$ by t bold & g5]\s nature :i* usually di/+ui%es ! pione]s ( ! ,we/2 b 8 lett] brea!s su* a _s ( indep5d5ce1 su* a bold & unhesitat+ reg>d = ju/ice & propriety1 t we pref] to let 8 ,excell5cy speak = himself4 ,! lett] is c\*$ 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,,executive ,,(fice1 ,little ,rock1 ,june #d?1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,y\r note ( ?is day has be5 duly receiv$1 9 :i* y call on me z ! ,executive ( ! ,/ate ( ,arkansas to furni% y milit>y =ce1 suffici5t to co]ce ob$i5ce to y\r in/ructions to surr5d] a numb] ( negroes1 n[ ) ! ,sem9ole ,indians "u y\r comm&2 & /at+ t ! ,indians manife/ a ho/ile det]m9ation n to p]mit ! negroes 9 "q to be surr5d]$ to ! ag5t or attorney ( ! ,creek ,indians4 ,i h also exam9$ ! copies ( ! ord] f ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 direct$ to y on ?is subject1 z well z ! s*$ule ( ! negroes & lett] ( attorney1 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,n4 ,f4 ,coll9s1 ! ,creek ag5t or attorney1 to receive ! negroes 9 controv]sy4 ,aft] due reflection on ! subject1 ,i h det]m9$ n to af=d y any assi/ance to c>ry ^! in/ructions into effect1 & respectfully reque/ ( y n to attempt to turn ov] ^? negroes to ! claimants )9 ! ,/ate ( ,arkansas1 & m especially 9 ! neighborhood ( ,little ,rock4 ,& ,i require ( y to proce$ ) y\r comm& ( ,indians & negroes to _! place ( de/9ation ) ! lea/ practicable delay1 t ! citiz5s ( ,little ,rock & its vic9ity may be reliev$ f ! annoyance ( a ho/ile b& ( ,indians & savage negroes4 ,)\t prejudg+ ! claim ( ! ,creek ,indians to ! negroes1 f ! nature ( ?+s x is :olly impracticable = ! claimants to make a prop] designation ( ! negroes claim$4 ,!re are no witnesses "h t c id5tify ! negroes--n ev5 ! p]son sett+ up ! claim4 ,& _h ! ,gov]nm5t int5d$ to dispose ( ^? negroes to ! ,creek ,indians1 x %\ld h be5 done 9 ,florida1 & n br+ ,indians & negroes into ,arkansas1 ! vic9ity ( _! future resid5ce1 & !n irritate ! ,indians to madness1 & turn !m loose on our fronti]1 :]e we h no adequate protection--! massacre ( our citiz5s w\ld be ! inevitable consequ5ce4 ,i h j visit$ ! *iefs ( y\r comm&1 & assur$ !m t _! negroes %\ld n be tak5 f !m1 & !y h pl$g$ !mselves t _! p %\ld g on to _! c\ntry peaceably4 ,y\r imm$iate dep>ture w insure peace & av]t ! outrages y _h su* good cause to expect4 ,y w transmit ?is note to ! prop] ,dep>tm5t at ,wa%+ton z a ju/ification ( ! c\rse y may pursue 9 accordance ) x4 ,i am1 respectfully1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,,jno4 ,g4 ,,reynolds1 ,,sam4 ,c4 ,,roane4 #a/ ,lieut4 ,u4 ,s4 ,m4 ,c41 & ,disb'g ,ag5t1 ,ind4 ,dep't4 ,?is lett] ( ,gov]nor ,roane c]ta9ly indicat$ to ,mr4 ,coll9s a /rong repugnance to ! policy adopt$ by ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 & mu/ h conv9c$ him t 8 mission 01 at lea/1 unpopul> among m5 remov$ f ! moral atmosph]e 9 :i* ! ,executive appe>$ to live4 ,we are n in=m$ ( its effects ^u ,mr4 ,reynolds2 b t g5tleman c\ld n h be5 v greatly disappo9t$1 z he _h cle>ly pr$ict$ ! failure ( all attempts to sep>ate ! ,indians & negroes4 ,a rise 9 ! ,arkansas ,riv] enabl$ !m to resume _! j\rney4 ,!y rea*$ ,=t ,gibson on ! twelf? ( ,june1 & bo? ,indians & negroes 7 turn$ ov] to ! c>e ( ,capta9 ,/eph5son1 ! ag5t appo9t$ to reside ) ! ,we/]n ,sem9oles4 ,"h ,mr4 ,reynolds & ,mr4 ,coll9s expect$ to make a f9al ef=t to sep>ate ! ,indians & negroes1 9 ord] t ! latt] might be transport$ back to t int]m9able slav]y :i* all knew await$ _! return to ,georgia4 ,= ?is purpose1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds address$ ,brigadi] ,g5]al ,arbuckle1 9 comm& at ,=t ,gibson2 b1 z ! correspond5ce betwe5 ^! (fic]s br\ght ! important mission ( ,mr4 ,coll9s 9 t ,we/]n ,c\ntry to a close1 we w pres5t ^! lett]s to ! read]4 ,on ! twelf? ( ,june1 ! day ( 8 arrival1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds address$ ,g5]al ,arbuckle ! foll[+ note3 ,,g5]al3 ,i h]e) enclose ord]s1 receiv$ f ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 = ! surr5d] ( a c]ta9 numb] ( negroes1 belong+ to ! ,sem9ole ,indians1 to ,mr4 ,n4 ,f4 ,coll9s1 ! attorney appo9t$ by ! ,creek ,delegation :i* rec5tly visit$ ,wa%+ton1 :i* appo9tm5t has be5 ratifi$ by ! ,dep>tm5t2 & feel+ myself b\nd to turn ov] all 9 my possession1 9 ob$i5ce to su* ord]s1 & ! ,sem9ole *iefs & ,indians refus+ positively to give !m up1 ,i h to reque/ ! employm5t ( su* a =ce1 ,g5]al1 z y may deem adequate = c>ry+ into effect my in/ructions4 ,i am1 ,g5]al1 v respectfully1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,,jno4 ,g4 ,,reynolds1 #a/ ,lieut4 ,u4 ,s4 ,m4 ,c41 & ,disb'g ,ag5t1 ,ind4 ,dept4 ,g5]al ,m4 ,,arbuckle1 ,comm&+1 etc41 ,=t ,gibson4 ,g5]al ,arbuckle 0 9 comm& ( ! milit>y =ces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 t ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 & ( c\rse felt great responsibility 9 reg>d to ma9ta9+ peaceful relations ) ! ,indians ( t region4 ,hav+ maturely reflect$ ^u ! communication ( ,mr4 ,reynolds1 he return$ ! foll[+ answ]3 ,,head ,,qu>t]s ,,we/]n ,,dep>tm5t1 ,,?ird ,,division1 ,=t ,gibson1 ,june #ac?1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,i h receiv$ y\r lett] ( ! #ab? in/ant1 ) ! pap]s accompany+ x1 9 :i* y reque/ me to furni% su* a =ce z ,i deem adequate1 to enable y to turn ov] a numb] ( negroes t 7 captur$ by ! ,creek w>riors 9 ,florida1 to ,na?aniel ,f4 ,coll9s1 _! attorney4 ,i h giv5 y\r application mu* reflection1 & h det]m9$ to decl9e a compliance !re) = ! foll[+ reasons3 ,fir/4 ,! difficulty & unc]ta9ty ( id5tify+ ! negroes actually captur$ by ! ,creek w>riors1 :o are n[ ) _! =m] own]s1 & 9 company ) a l>ge numb] ( o!r ,indian negroes1 & !re be+ no individual ( "* pres5t 7z f> z ,i am in=m$7 :o c\ld ) c]ta9ty designate !m4 ,secondly4 ,! ,sem9ole *iefs positively decl>e t ,g5]al ,jessup promis$ t ! negroes tak5 f !m by ! ,creek w>riors %\ld be return$2 & !re is reason to believe t su* a promise 0 made1 o!r ?an ! decl>ation ( ! *iefs4 ,9 addition to ! above1 x is prop] t ,i %\ld /ate1 t ! ,sem9ole *iefs1 at ! c\ncil ,i held ) !m ye/]day1 volunt>ily pl$g$ !mselves to give up ! negroes 9 "q1 provid$ ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld1 aft] be+ in=m$ ( ! facts 9 ! case1 s decide2 yet !y /ate t _m ( ! negroes h di$1 & t sev]al are claim$ to h be5 captur$ t 7 br\ght 9 by _! own]s :5 !y surr5d]$4 ,i am1 ,sir1 v respectfully1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,m4 ,,arbuckle1 ,brevet ,brigadi] ,g5]al1 ,comm&+4 ,j4 ,g4 ,,reynolds1 #a/ ,lieut4 ,u4 ,s4 ,m4 ,c41 & ,disb'g ,ag5t1 ,ind4 ,dept4 ,coll9s n[ gave up all z lo/4 ,he appe>s to h realiz$1 t almo/ e (fic] ( ! army we/ ( ,florida1 _h conspir$ aga9/ ?is policy ( enslav+ ! ,exiles1 :ile he himself seem$ to ent]ta9 no d\bt ( ! honor & rectitude ( 8 own position2 & 9 ord] to d him ju/ice1 & r5d] our n>rative brief z consi/5t1 we "h ins]t s mu* ( 8 report to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 drawn up aft] 8 return to ,alabama1 z relates to 8 mission up to ! "t ( leav+ ,=t ,gibson1 on 8 return4 ,x is z foll[s3 ,,tuskogee1 ,,alabama1 ,july #bi1 #ahch ,,sir3 ,imm$iately aft] my arrival 7ab\t ! fir/ ( ?is mon?71 ,i 0 tak5 sick ) ! fev]1 f :i* ,i am j recov]+1 :i* w acc\nt = ! delay 9 communicat+ ! result ( my mission to procure ! ,sem9ole negroes t 7 to h be5 turn$ ov] to me1 z ag5t ( ! ,creek ,indians4 ,i left ,wa%+ton on ! #aj? ( ,may1 & arriv$ 9 ,new ,orleans on ! #bb;d1 ! day aft] ,lieut5ant ,reynolds _h left !re ) ! ,indians & all ! negroes1 except ?irty-two t 7 deta9$ by ! civil au?ority1 at ! in/ance ( ,love4 ,i did n ov]take ,reynolds until he arriv$ at ,vicksburg1 :51 aft] "s ex]tion1 ,i succe$$ 9 hav+ 8 ord] h&$ to him2 & he came a%ore1 & sugge/$ ! probability ( 8 be+ able to induce ! ,indians to cons5t to deliv] ! negroes will+ly 7betwe5 ?irty-five & =ty ( :i*1 by a comp>ison ( our li/s1 we f\nd he _h 9 8 possession71 if ,i w\ld g on bo>d & proce$ up ! riv] ) him4 ,?is ,i acc$$ to1 z ,i 0 anxi\s to pursue su* a c\rse z w\ld t5d1 ev] s remotely1 to conciliate ! ,indians1 & h>monize ) ! views ( ! (fic] 9 *>ge4 ,! exp]i5ce ( a day or two h[ev] prov$ t ^! calculations 7 errone\s1 & ,i w5t on to ,little ,rock1 to get a =ce to co]ce _! deliv]y4 ,on our arrival !re1 ,lieut5ant ,r4 call$ ^u ! act+ ,gov]nor ( ,arkansas = assi/ance2 b f "s cause or o!r he refus$ x1 z w be se5 by ! correspond5ce =w>d$ y by ,lieut5ant ,r4 ,i !n proce$$ ) ! p>ty to ,=t ,gibson1 calculat+ c]ta9ly on be+ able to obta9 ! necess>y assi/ance at t place4 ,lieut5ant ,r41 on arriv+ )9 ?ree miles ( ! =t1 l&$ "o ( ! boats1 & proce$$ ) ! o!r 7hav+ all ! negroes & "s ,indians7 directly to ! =t1 & made kn[n to ,g5]al ,arbuckle ! situation ( ! affair1 & pres5t$ him ) all ! pap]s4 ,he held a l5g?y int]view ) ! ,sem9ole *iefs1 9 :i* ! v>i\s talks & promises ( ,g5]al ,jessup 7 detail$1 ! numb] & id5tity ( ! negroes d5i$1 & ! validity ( ! :ole transaction que/ion$1 etc42 & h5ce ! conclusion1 z he _h receiv$ no ord] 9 relation to ! negroes1 he %\ld n int]f]e2 & direct$ ,lieut5ant ,r4 to l& !m ) ! ,indians4 ,fir/1 h[ev]1 to conclude ! f>ce1 he exact$ f ea* *ief sep>ately ! promise1 if ! ,presid5t %\ld decide t ! negroes %\ld be giv5 up1 t !y w\ld deliv] !m to him4 ,?is ( c\rse !y promis$2 any explanation or remon/rance urg$ by me 0 unavail+4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,fur!r ,,difficulties ,,9 ,,! ,,"w ,,( ,,enslav+ ,,! ,,exiles4 ,g5]al ,ga9es 9 p]son def5ds ^? left at ,new ,orleans--,he appeals f ! judgm5t--,effect ( appeal--,au?orities at ,wa%+ton in=m$ ( difficulties--,g5]al ,jessup retires f ! comm&--,g5]al ,taylor succe$s him--,he refuses to foll[ policy ( ,g5]al ,jessup--,recognizes no prison]s z slaves--,lett] f ,adjutant ,g5]al--,he promptly refuses to h any ?+ to d 9 ,watson's slave-deal+ transaction--,?is indignant answ] is receiv$ )\t reply by ,dep>tm5t--,o!r p]sons claim ! ,exiles deta9$ at ,new ,orleans--,commission] driv5 to ! necessity ( decl>+ correct law on ! subject--,same z t av[$ by ,g5]al ,ga9es1 by ,g5]al ,taylor1 & by ,hon4 ,j4 ,q4 ,adams--,claim ( ,colonel ,humphreys = slaves--,jessup's answ]--,reynolds returns f ,=t ,gibson to ,new ,orleans--,coll9s rea*es ! city same day--,inquires z to ! situation ( ! ?irty-"o ,exiles left !re--,is ref]r$ to ,major ,cl>k--,cl>k's answ]--,coll9s leaves city 9 disgu/--,8 ,lett] to ,secret>y ( ,w> *>g+ ,reynolds ) misconduct--,exiles rema9+ at ,new ,orleans are deliv]$ to ,reynolds--,are s5t to ,=t ,gibson--,jo9 _! fri5ds--,all are left h[ev] )\t p]man5t homes or l&s--,int5tion ( ! ,adm9i/ration to compel !m to unite ) ! ,creeks--,!y refuse--,*]okees t5d] !m l&s--,!y settle ^u ,*]okee t]ritory4 ,sid5ote3 #ahch4 ,aft] ! emigrat+ company ( ,indians & ,exiles _h left ,new ,orleans1 "u *>ge ( ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 ,g5'l ,ga9es assum$ ^u himself ! :ole responsibility ( def5d+ ! ?irty-"o :o rema9$ 9 t city2 = z yet !re _h be5 no trial ^u ! m]its ( ! case1 al?\gh x 0 pretty evid5t t ! judge 0 /rongly impress$ 9 favor ( renslav+ !m4 ,! cause 0 duly br\ght to a he>+1 &1 aft] argum5t & consid]ation1 ! c\rt gave judgm5t 9 favor ( ! claimants4 ,?is 0 no m ?an _h be5 expect$4 ,g5]al ,ga9es1 fai?ful to 8 own convictions ( ju/ice1 took an appeal to a high] tribunal2 & ?is appeal r5d]$ x necess>y = ! c\rt to fix a "t )9 :i* ! claimants %\ld ent] bail = co/s & damages1 or ! negroes w\ld be deliv]$ up to ,g5]al ,ga9es by ! %]iff4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! ,executive (fic]s at ,wa%+ton _h become in=m$ ( ! difficulties :i* _h la9 across ! pa? ( ,mr4 ,coll9s1 & felt x to be desirable t ! :ole matt] %\ld be arrang$ ) z little discussion z possible4 ,g5]al ,jessup retir$ f ! comm& ( ! army 9 ,florida on ! fifte5? ( ,may1 & return$ to ,wa%+ton1 leav+ ,g5]al ,za*>y ,taylor z comm&]-9-*ief ( our milit>y =ces 9 t ,t]ritory4 ,he _h %[n himself prompt 9 ! execution ( all ord]s2 cool1 delib]ate1 & firm 9 battle2 fai?ful to 8 m51 to himself & 8 c\ntry2 b1 up to ?is "t1 he _h manife/$ no p>ticul> zeal 9 ! capture ( negroes4 ,inde$1 al?\gh he _h p5etrat$ f>!r into ! ,indian ,c\ntry ?an any o!r (fic]--_h f\ght ! bloodie/ battles ( any comm&] 9 ,florida1 yet he refus$ to draw any di/9ctions among 8 prison]s4 ,) him ,indians & negroes 7 equally prison]s ( w>1 & entitl$ to ! same treatm5t4 ,nor w\ld he li/5 to m5 :o pr(ess$ to own ! p]sons :om he captur$1 or :o _h surr5d]$ !mselves z prison]s4 ,! ,adm9i/ration hav+ be5 a p>ty 9 ! sale to ,watson1 det]m9$ to c>ry out ! slave-deal+ arrangem5t ) him2 at lea/ s f> z reg>d$ ! ?irty-"o negroes :o yet rema9$ 9 ,new ,orleans4 ,9 ord] to effect ?is object1 x 0 deem$ necess>y to h ! cop]ation & aid ( ,g5]al ,taylor4 ,! ,adjutant ,g5]al1 !re=e1 address$ him on ! subject1 enclos+ to him ! lett] ( ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 dat$ ! n9? ( ,may1 address$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 & h]et(ore ref]r$ to4 ,g5]al ,taylor evid5tly ?\ght ! honor ( ! s]vice w\ld be compromit$ by ?is slave-deal+ transaction4 ,he subsequ5tly became ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & z ! read] w feel anxi\s to und]/& precisely ! views :i* he ent]ta9$1 we give t portion ( 8 lett] to ! ,adjutant ,g5]al :i* relates to ?is subject4 ,x is 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,i h ! honor to ackn[l$ge y\r communication ( ! t5? ( ,may1 #ahch1 accompani$ by "o ( ! n9? f ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 address$ to ,capta9 ,coop]1 ,act+ ,secret>y ( ,w>1 on ! subject ( turn+ ov] c]ta9 negroes1 captur$ by ! ,creek w>riors 9 ,florida1 to a ,mr4 ,coll9s1 _! ag5t1 9 compliance ) an engagem5t ( ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,i "k no?+ ( ! negroes 9 "q1 nor ( ! subject1 fur!r ?an :at is conta9$ 9 ! communication above ref]r$ to2 b ,i mu/ /ate di/9ctly = ! in=mation ( all conc]n$1 t1 :ile ,i %all hold myself ev] ready to d ! utmo/ 9 my p[] to get ! ,indians & _! negroes out ( ,florida1 z well z to remove !m to _! new homes we/ ( ! ,mississippi1 ,i ,,_c ,,= ,a ,,mom5t ,,cons5t ,,to ,,m$dle ,,) ,,?is ,,transaction1 or to be conc]n$ = ! b5efit ( ,coll9s1 ! ,creek ,indians1 or any "o else4 ,?is language 0 receiv$ at ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t )\t repro(1 al?\gh ! ,secret>y 0 f ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 br$ up 9 ! *ivalr\s doctr9es ( ! ,palmetto ,/ate4 ,he quietly suff]$ a ,brigadi] ,g5]al ?us pla9ly to express 8 contempt = ?is slave-deal+ transaction1 9 :i* n only ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 b ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 0 involv$4 ,he appe>s to h be5 will+ to enc\nt] almo/ any k9d ( disrespect1 r ?an call public att5tion to ! subject4 ,9 ! meantime o!r claims 7 pres5t$ to ! ,dep>tm5t = ^? ,exiles1 or portions ( ^?1 :o _h be5 captur$ by ! ,creeks4#abj ,gad ,humphreys fil$ ) ! ,secret>y ( ,w> a li/ ( =ty-sev5 slaves :o _h fl$ f him 9 #ahcj1 /at+ t !y _h gone to ! ,sem9oles1 & t a "p ( !m _h be5 s5t to ,=t ,pike4 ,colonel ,humphreys appe>$ to reg>d himself z entitl$ to ! possession ( ^? p2 al?\gh by ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+ ! ,sem9oles _h paid = all slaves resid+ ) !m prior to #ahcb2 & _h be5 releas$ f all fur!r dem&s on acc\nt ( su* slaves4 ,colonel ,humphreys /at$ t 8 claim _h be5 exam9$ by ! late ag5t1 ,g5]al ,wiley ,?ompson1 & decid$ aga9/ him2 b insi/$ t ! decision 0 wrong1 & av[$ 8 ability to %[ x errone\s by prop] pro( :5ev] he %\ld h an opportunity1 & aga9 dem&$ t ! slaves %\ld be br\ght back to ,florida1 :]e he c\ld pres5t 8 pro( )\t tr\ble4 ,?is lett] 0 inclos$ 9 "o direct$ to ,mr4 ,d[n+1 ,delegate 9 ,congress f ,florida1 & by him transmitt$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 & by t (fic] ref]r$ to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs4 ,?us driv5 to ! wall1 ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs came out 9 pla9 & unmi/akable language1 ass]t+ ! doctr9e1 t ! ,gov]nm5t held ! p[] & con/itutional "r to dispose ( prison]s tak5 9 w>1 :atev] _! "* may be4 ,?is doctr9e _h be5 eloqu5tly su/a9$ by ,g5]al ,ga9es1 on ! trial 9 ,new ,orleans4 ,x 0 ! doctr9e av[$ by ,hon4 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 dur+ ! next session ( ,congress2 b x call$ d[n ^u him mu* abuse 9 t body1 & 9 ! ,democratic pap]s ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ,commission]'s report to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> set =? 9 di/9ct language1 t ! claims ( individuals to slaves 7 preclud$ by ! action ( ! ,gov]nm5t 9 s5d+ ^! p ,we/2 t !y _h be5 captur$ by ! army & dispos$ ( by ! ,executive1 & ! action ( ! ,dep>tm5t c\ld n be *ang$ 9 consequ5ce ( individuals claim+ !m z slaves4 ,9 %ort1 he repeat$ ! doctr9e advanc$ by ,g5]al ,ga9es at ,new ,orleans4 ,! report also confirm$ ! policy ( ,g5]al ,taylor 9 disreg>d+ ! claims ( individuals to p]sons captur$ by ! army1 & 0 a tacit condemnation ( t pursu$ by ,g5]al ,jessup1 & previ\sly sanction$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,?is report 0 pass$ ov] to ! ,secret>y4 ,t (fic] 7,mr4 ,po9sett7 hav+ receiv$ ?is report1 transmitt$ x to ,colonel ,humphreys4 ,?is drew f t g5tleman a /ill m elaborate argum5t 9 favor ( 8 claim1 :i* occupies ne>ly f\r heavy pages 9 docum5t>y =m4 ,?is 0 also transmitt$ to ,mr4 ,d[n+1 & by him pass$ ov] to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>2 b we are n in=m$ :e!r ! ,secret>y ( ,w> repli$ to ?is second argum5t or n4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 important to ! tru? ( hi/ory to notice ?is recognition ( ! doctr9e by a slave-hold+ ,secret>y ( ,w>1 t ! ,executive 9 "t ( w> may sep>ate slaves f _! ma/]s1 & s5d !m out ( ! c\ntry1 )\t reg>d to ! relation previ\sly subsi/+ betwe5 !m & _! own]s4 ,! pr9ciple 0 ?us recogniz$ by ,mr4 ,po9sett1 al?\gh a citiz5 ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 act+ "u ! advice & direction ( ,mr4 ,van ,bur51 a ,democratic ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,g5]al ,jessup also1 9 a report to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 decl>$1 t1 9 8 op9ion1 ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+ exon]at$ ! ,indians f all claims = slaves :i* accru$ prior to t date1 & t ,colonel ,humphreys & o!r claimants c\ld only dem& a proportion ( ! sev5 ?\s& doll>s all[$ by ! ,indians = slaves !n resid+ among !m4 ,?is sugge/ion 0 obvi\sly j1 & 0 approv$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w>2 & we are naturally l$ to inquire1 :y ! same obvi\sly j rule 0 n appli$ to "s hundr$s ( o!r cases precisely l t ( ,colonel ,humphreys8 ,9 ! meantime1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds hav+ accompli%$ 8 mission1 s f> z ! emigration ( ! captives %ipp$ on bo>d ! two boats :i* left ,new ,orleans on ! n9ete5? & tw5ty-fir/ ( ,may 7 conc]n$1 return$ to t city 9 ord] to complete ! duties assign$ him 9 reg>d to ! ?irty-"o prison]s :o _h be5 deta9$ !re by legal seque/ration4 ,coll9s1 fai?ful to ! tru/ repos$ 9 him1 also return$ to ,new ,orleans ) ! full purpose ( secur+ ^? p z slaves to ,watson4 ,!y rea*$ ! city on ! tw5ty-?ird1 & f\nd ! slaves /ill 9 ! possession ( ! ,%]iff2 z ! "t assign$ by ! c\rt )9 :i* ! pla9tiff 0 to ent] bail _h n expir$4 ,on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,june1 ,mr4 ,coll9s address$ a note to ,mr4 ,reynolds1 inquir+ :e!r !re _h be5 any decision ( ! c\rt ^u ! claim ( ,love to ! ,sem9ole negroes left at t place2 & :at numb] he 7,reynolds7 0 satisfi$ belong$ to ! ,creek ,indians2 & dem&+ t su* z belong$ to !m %\ld be deliv]$ to him1 "u ! ord] ( ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs4 ,mr4 ,reynolds repli$ t he und]/ood ! case _h be5 dismiss$2 b z he 7,reynolds7 0 !n act+ "u a sup]ior (fic] 7,major ,cl>k71 he w\ld ref] ,mr4 ,coll9s to him4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ,coll9s address$ ,major ,cl>k on ! subject2 b receiv+ no answ]1 & becom+ vex$ & disgu/$ ) ! bus9ess1 he left ! city on ! tw5ty-sev5? = 8 home 9 ,alabama4 ,9 ju/ice to ,mr4 ,coll9s1 we let him speak = himself1 & quote ! rema9d] ( 8 report to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 be+ t portion :i* relates to 8 ef=ts to get possession ( ^! ?irty-"o ,exiles4 ,x reads z foll[s3 ,on arriv+ at ,new ,orleans on my return1 ,i f\nd ! repres5tatives ( ,love _h )drawn _! claim aga9/ ^? ?irty-two negroes t 7 left !re1 ?irty-"o ( :i* ,lieut5ant ,r4 express$ himself satisfi$ belong$ to ! claim4 ,i address$ a note to ,lieut5ant ,r4 reque/+ t su* ( ! negroes z he 0 satisfi$ ( ! id5tity might be turn$ ov] to me2 he 9 turn ref]r$ me to ,major ,cl>k :o 0 8 s5ior (fic]1 & :o _h receiv$ simil> in/ructions to 8 own4 ,i _h1 9 company ) ,lieut5ant ,r4 ! day be=e1 call$ ^u ,major ,cl>k1 & le>n$ 8 det]m9ation 9 relation to ! negroes4 ,he did n recognize ! validity ( 8 ord]1 inasmu* z ',by ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>' did n prec$e y\r signature1 & _h ev5 ! h>dihood to /ate1 t1 by an exam9ation ( ! li/s1 none ( ^? negroes 9 ,new ,orleans 7 embrac$ 9 ! claim ,i pres5t$1 & subsequ5tly ord]$ ,lieut5ant ,reynolds to s5d ! negroes =?) to ,arkansas4 ,aft] ,i saw a settl$ & det]m9$ purpose to ?w>t me !re z well z else:]e1 ,i left ,new ,orleans on ! next day = ?is place1 & s9ce my arrival "h1 ,i h le>n$ by a lett] f ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 t ! negroes 7 s5t (f ! next day aft] ,i left4 ,capta9 ,morrison ,i did n see4 ,n p]haps be+ z fruitful 9 exp$i5ts z "s o!rs ( !m1 he /opp$ at ,=t ,jackson1 & s5t to ,new ,orleans = transportation outfit1 etc41 & pass$ ! city on 8 way up1 )\t b few kn[+ :o he 01 or any?+ else 9 relation to him4 ,i le>n$ indirectly f ,major ,cl>k1 7:o probably did n int5d ?is admission = me17 t he _h betwe5 tw5ty & ?irty ( ! negroes on bo>d belong+ to ?is claim4 ,i am1 sir1 ) ! highe/ respect1 ,y\rs1 etc41 ,n4 ,f4 ,,coll9s4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris1 ,esq41 ,comm'r ,indian ,affairs1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,x is mo/ obvi\s t ,coll9s believ$ t ! milit>y (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 :o 7 s]v+ at a di/ance f ,wa%+ton1 view$ 8 mission ) no p>ticul> favor1 & he evid5tly retir$ f ,new ,orleans ) "s degree ( indignation4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! claimant ,love1 despair+ ( obta9+ ! negroes1 refus$ to ent] bail = co/s & damages1 9 case ! suit %\ld be det]m9$ aga9/ him 9 ! high] c\rt1 & ! %]iff deliv]$ !m ov] to ,mr4 ,reynolds on ! same day t ,coll9s left ! city4 ,on ! next day1 ,mr4 ,reynolds wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 say+1 ,! ?irty-"o negroes :o 7 arre/$1 seiz$ f me & lodg$ 9 ! jail ( ?is city1 7 la/ ev5+ surr5d]$ to me4 ,! ,creek attorney 7,n4 ,f4 ,coll9s1 ,esq47 nor any au?oriz$ ag5t be+ pres5t1 & n wi%+ to deta9 !m at ! exp5se ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 !y 7 imm$iately emb>k$ & dispat*$ ,we/1 ) tw5ty-five days' provisions1 "u ! *>ge ( ,assi/ant ,conductor ,b5jam91 :o1 to satisfy ! ,indians1 _h be5 left ) ! negroes at ! p]iod ( ! s]vice ( ! process2 ( :i* fact ,i in=m$ ! ,dep>tm5t at ! "t4 ,^! ?irty-"o prison]s :o _h be5 ?us deta9$1 7 n[ once m "u way = _! we/]n home4 ,_! he>ts appe>$ to beat m freely z ! noble /eam]1 :i* bore !m on _! way to _! fri5ds & future homes1 cut loose f h] moor+s & sp$ h] way t[>d h] de/9$ port4 ,on bo>d t happy craft1 also1 7 _m smiles & he>ty congratulations ex*ang$ among ^? *ildr5 ( ! =e/1 :o _h be5 borne along on ! tide ( ev]-v>y+ circum/ances4 ,al?\gh helpless & p5niless1 & app>5tly fri5dless1 !y _h almo/ miracul\sly escap$ ! me%es :i* our ,gov]nm5t & ! slave-deal]s _h spread = _! de/ruction4 ,9 due "t !y rea*$ ,=t ,gibson1 & 7 deliv]$ ov] to ! c>e ( ! prop] ag5t1 :o conduct$ !m to _! fri5ds4 ,& n[ "s n9e hundr$ ,sem9oles1 & "s ?ree to f\r hundr$ ,exiles1 _h rea*$ ! ,indian ,c\ntry2 !y con/itut$ ! fir/ p>ty ( t nation :o1 driv5 f _! homes--_! native wilds--_h cons5t$ to be tak5 to a /range l&4 ,!y _h be5 assur$ by ,g5]al ,jessup & all (fic]s :o spoke = ! ,gov]nm5t1 t ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+ 0 to be compli$ )4 ,to en=ce t treaty _h be5 ! ord] ( ,g5]al ,jackson4 ,g5]al ,cass _h decl>$ t ! ,indians mu/ comply ) t treaty2 :ile1 to our ,indian ag5ts1 he ass]t$ x to be ! policy ( ! ,gov]nm5t to unite ! ,creeks & ,sem9oles z "o p4 ,b ! ,indians & ,exiles 7 con/antly assur$1 t !y 7 to h a tract ( c\ntry set (f to _! sep>ate use2 & :5 !y ent]$ into ! articles ( capitulation ) ,g5]al ,jessup1 on ! eighte5? ( ,m>*1 #ahcg1 t (fic]1 on behalf ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 _h /ipulat$ to protect ! ,indians & _! allies 9 ! enjoym5t ( _! lives & prop]ty4 ,b n[ ! turpitude & guilt ( ! ,executive 7 reveal$4 ,! ord]s ( ! ag5t direct$ him to take !m on to ! t]ritory assign$ to ! ,creeks4 ,?is w\ld subject !m to ,creek jurisdiction & ,creek laws2 & !y 7 p]fectly consci\s t e ,exile w\ld be imm$iately enslav$4 ,yet !re 0 no c\ntry :i* !y c\ld call _! own4 ,! p]fidi\s pret5se ( en=c+ ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+1 )\t giv+ !m a sep>ate t]ritory accord+ to ! supplem5tal treaty1 n[ /ood expos$ 9 its prop] light4 ,abraham 0 a man ( influ5ce ) 8 bre?r54 ,he _h us$ 8 utmo/ ef=ts to induce !m to emigrate4 ,he _h be5 hone/4 ,he believ$ 9 ! integrity ( our nation1 ( its p1 its gov]nm5t2 b 8 error _h be5 fatal4 ,! ,exiles 7 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 )\t a home1 & ) no means ( support1 except ! /ipulation ( ,gov]nm5t to furni% !m provisions = "o ye>4 ,x 0 at ?is "t1 :5 a ,*ri/ian gov]nm5t _h violat$ its fai?1 mo/ solemnly pl$g$1 9 ord] to enslave a p :o = ages _h be5 free1 t a ,pagan gov]nm5t p]=m$ t[>ds ! ,exiles & ,sem9oles ! ,*ri/ian duty1 ! hospitality1 ( furni%+ !m tempor>y homes4 ,! ,*]okees _h volunte]$ to ex]t _! influ5ce ) ! ,indians & ,exiles 9 favor ( peace4 ,!y _h induc$ _m ( !m to come into ! ,am]ican camp "u flags ( truce :i* _h be5 violat$1 & _! p]sons seiz$1 held prison]s1 & s5t ,we/4 ,!y _h !mselves1 app>5tly1 be5 involv$ 9 ?is trea*]y practic$ by our ,gov]nm5t1 &1 "u ^! circum/ances1 !y cons5t$ to %>e _! own possessions ) ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles until fur!r arrangem5ts 7 made2 !y cons5t$ to h ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles settle on _! l& = ! pres5t1 until ! ,gov]nm5t c\ld be induc$ to fulfill its mo/ sacr$ compacts ) ^! victims ( slavehold+ p]secutions4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,total ,,failure ,,( ,,all ,,ef=ts ,,to ,,enslave ,,! ,,exiles4 ,indians & ,exiles compla9--,gov]nm5t disreg>ds _! compla9ts--,fur!r ef=ts to enslave ,exiles--,!y fail--,g5]al ,arbuckle's ,report--,coll9s *>ges ,reynolds ) misconduct--,reynolds call$ on to expla9--,8 reply & pro(s--,coll9s desires claim to be made aga9/ ,creek ,w>riors--,!y refuse to notice x--,political feel+s--,watson pres5ts 8 claim to ,congress--,resolution ( t body call+ = in=mation--,answ]--,h\se ,doc4 #bbe--;,digression--,proce$+s on claim be=e ,congress--,its f9al settlem5t4 ,sid5ote3 #ahch4 ,! ,indians & ,exiles :o _h emigrat$1 n[ f\nd !mselves sep>at$ at ! di/ance ( m ?an a ?\s& miles f _! bre?r5 9 ,florida1 ) :om !y c\ld hold no int]c\rse4 ,!y 7 )\t a c\ntry--)\t p]man5t homes--resid+ ^u ! l&s ( ! ,*]okees1 at ! m]e suff]ance ( t ,tribe1 ^: humanity _h be5 awak5$1 & ^: sympa?y _h be5 ext5d$ to !m4 ,_! situation & discont5t 7 duly communicat$ to ! ,executive2 b x appe>s to h be5 reg>d$ z ( too little importance to receive att5tion4 ,b :ile ! ,presid5t & ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t disreg>d$ all compla9ts com+ f ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles1 !y relax$ no ef=t to secure ,watson 9 ! possession ( ! n9ety human be+s :om he _h pur*as$ ( ! ,creek ,indians1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,executive4 ,z ! la/ resort1 in/ructions 7 s5t to ,g5]al ,arbuckle1 comm&+ 9 ! ,we/1 to make inve/igations1 & asc]ta9 :at m c\ld be done = ! renslavem5t ( ^? p4 ,t (fic] repli$ to ?is communication z foll[s3 ,,head ,,qu>t]s #b;,d ,,dep>tm5t1 ,,we/]n ,,division1 ,=t ,gibson1 ,aug4 #bg?1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,i _h ! honor1 on ! #bb;d in/ant1 to receive y\r in/ructions ( ! #ba/ ultimo1 toge!r ) ! pap]s to :i* !y ref]4 ,i extremely regret t ! ,unit$ ,/ates is liable to suff] loss 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,creek w>riors hav+ sold1 & receiv$ pay1 = ! negroes !y captur$ f ! ,sem9ole ,indians 9 ,florida2 & ^! negroes hav+ be5 imprud5tly return$ to ! possession ( _! =m] own]s at ,new ,orleans1 & br\ght to ?is place1 ) two hundr$ or m o!r negroes belong+ to ! ,sem9oles4 ,ow+ to ^! transactions1 x w\ld be extremely difficult1 if n impossible1 to id5tify at mo/ b few ( !m2 & f ! pres5t position ( ?is case1 x is n probable t "o ( ! negroes w be obta9$ except by =ce4 ,= fur!r in=mation 9 relation to ?is subject1 ,i beg leave to ref] y to my lett] to ,capta9 ,arm/rong1 ,act+ ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,we/]n ,t]ritory1 ( ?is date1 a copy ( :i* is h]e) enclos$4 ,i %all d all 9 my p[] to prev5t loss to ! ,gov]nm5t1 & w at an e>ly p]iod h ! honor to advise y ( ! measures tak5 9 ! case4 ,i h ! honor to be1 ,sir1 ) great respect1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,m4 ,,arbuckle1 ,brevet ,brig4 ,g5'l1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,hon4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,po9sett1 ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,! lett] to ,capta9 ,arm/rong1 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,we/]n ,t]ritory1 0 z foll[s3 ,,head ,,qu>t]s #b;,d ,,dep>tm5t1 ,,we/]n ,,division1 ,=t ,gibson1 ,aug4 #bg1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,i receiv$ by ! la/ mail1 f ! honorable ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 a communication "u date ( ! #ba/ ultimo1 on ! subject ( ! negroes captur$ by ! ,creek w>riors1 toge!r ) a lett] f ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 "u date ( ! #ai? ultimo1 relat+ to ?is subject1 copies ( :i* are h]e) enclos$4 ,all o!r pap]s or transactions 9 relation to ?is matt]1 x is presum$1 y are appriz$ (4 ,x w be se5 by ! communication fir/ ref]r$ to1 t x 0 n kn[n at ,wa%+ton1 at ! date ( t lett]1 t ! ,creek w>riors _h be5 paid = ! negroes4 ,t circum/ance1 h[ev] j to ! w>riors & prop]1 s f> z y h _h an ag5cy 9 ! affair1 w increase ! difficulty ( obta9+ ! negroes1 z x is believ$ ! ,creek w>riors w n n[ give !mselves any tr\ble to h ! negroes deliv]$ to ! individuals to :om !y sold !m4 ,& not)/&+ ! pl$ge ( ! ,sem9ole *iefs to me1 to surr5d] ! negroes 9 ! ev5t ! ,gov]nm5t %\ld s require 7aft] reconsid]+ _! claim to !m71 ,i d n believe !y w comply ) _! promise1 ) ! k t ! negroes are to be tak5 f ?is c\ntry z ! s]vants ( a :ite man4 ,f9ally1 z ! ,sem9oles are greatly "u ! influ5ce ( _! negroes1 !re is sc>cely a hope t ! captur$ negroes w be surr5d]$ )\t ! application ( =ce 7:i* is n requir$72 &1 9 t ev5t1 x is n probable !y c\ld be _h1 z !y w\ld no d\bt run away ! mom5t !y are in=m$ a milit>y =ce is to be employ$ to take !m4 ,& 9 su* case1 x is believ$1 !y w\ld be assi/$1 :5 necess>y1 by mo/ ( ! ,sem9oles1 & by all ! ,sem9ole & ,creek negroes2 & if ! captur$ negroes c\ld be plac$ 9 ! possession ( ! ,creek ag5t1 he w\ld n deta9 !m a mom5t )\t he _h a suitable gu>d = t purpose4 ,i am !re=e ( ! op9ion1 t ! be/ means t c n[ be resort$ to1 to prev5t loss to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 is1 if possible1 to induce ! ,sem9oles to refund1 f _! annuity1 ! sum paid to ! ,creek w>riors = ! negroes1 & ! int]e/ on ! same until paid4 ,i w be mu* gratifi$ if y c visit ?is po/ 9 six or eight days1 :5 ! ,sem9ole *iefs c be assembl$ "h1 ) ! object ( induc+ !m to agree to ! measure propos$1 or su* o!r z may be deem$ advisable4 ,9 ! ev5t t x may n be conv5i5t = y to be at ?is po/ at an e>ly p]iod1 ,i reque/ t y w favor me ) y\r views on ! subject ( ?is communication by ! return ( mail4 ,i am1 ,sir1 ) mu* respect1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,m4 ,,arbuckle1 ,brevet ,brig4 ,g5'l1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,capt4 ,w4 ,,arm/rong1 ,act+ ,sup't ,w4 ,t]41 ,*octaw ,ag5cy4 ,?is correspond5ce might well h conclud$ ! ef=ts ( ! ,executive to deliv] ^! n9ety ,exiles to ! slave-deal]4 ,x 7 unnecess>y to say1 t ,g5]al ,arbuckle's labors 9 ?is behalf prov$ useless4 ,he _h =etold su* failure 9 8 lett] to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #ahcg1 ! ,creek w>riors captur$ ^! p1 & = almo/ two ye>s ! influ5ce ( ! ,executive _h be5 ex]t$ to enslave !m2 b a s]ies ( incid5ts1 unequal$ 9 real life1 _h con/antly succe$$ ea* o!r1 prev5t+ ! consummation ( ?is int5d$ crime2 yet ! slave p[] 0 inexorable 9 its dem&s4 ,^! circum/ances fail$ to conv9ce ! ,presid5t t x 0 useless = ! ,executive ( a great nation to cont5d aga9/ ! pla9e/ dictates ( ju/ice2 aga9/ ^? convictions ( "r :i* dwell 9 ! brea/ ( e human be+ :o has n ext+ui%$ ! moral feel+s ( 8 nature4 ,coll9s hav+ return$ to 8 plantation 9 ,alabama1 delib]ately1 drew up & transmitt$ 8 report to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 :i* we h h]et(ore quot$4 ,b :5 he 0 subsequ5tly in=m$ t ! ?irty-two ,exiles :o 7 9 ! h&s ( ! ,%]iff at ,new ,orleans _h1 on ! day ( 8 leav+ t city1 be5 deliv]$ ov] to ,reynolds1 & s5t ,we/1 8 indignation 0 fur!r excit$1 & he imm$iately wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs aga9 m di/9ctly *>g+ ! (fic]s engag$ 9 ! emigration ( ^! p ) bad fai?4 ,he wrote z foll[s3 ,,montgom]y1 ,,alabama1 ,aug4 #h1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,s9ce writ+ y a week s9ce1 ,i h und]/ood t ,lieut5ant ,reynolds has in=m$ y t on 8 arrival 9 ,new ,orleans ! negroes t 7 deta9$ !re _h be5 surr5d]$ to him1 & t1 9 consequ5ce ( my n be+ !re1 !y 7 s5t (f to1 etc4 ,aft] see+ s mu* duplicity & managem5t z has be5 manife/$ by ! (fic]s ) :om ,i h rec5tly _h int]c\rse1 p>ticul>ly ,lieut5ant ,r41 ,i am n surpris$ at ! above /atem5t4 ,lieut5ant ,r4 is well appris$ t ! negroes _h be5 turn$ ov] to him :ile ,i 0 9 ,new ,orleans2 & x is also susceptible ( pro( t dur+ my /ay !re arrangem5ts 7 privately mak+ to *>t] a boat to transport !m4 ,aft] ,i le>n$ ?is1 ,i purposely ?rew myself 9 8 way2 b he said n a ^w to me 9 relation to ! negroes1 until ,i address$ him ! note :i* is h]e) enclos$4 ,aft] receiv+ 8 answ]1 ,i1 9 8 pres5ce1 address$ ! enclos$ copy to ,major ,cl>k2 b be=e ,i _h procur$ a mess5g] to c>ry x to ,major ,c41 ,lieut5ant ,r41 aft] be+ a %ort "t abs5t f ! room1 return$1 & in=m$ me he _h se5 ! ,%]iff1 & he _h refus$ to turn ov] ! negroes to him1 :i* r5d]$ x1 z ,i conceiv$1 unnecess>y to s5d ! note to ,major ,c4 ,aft] my return home1 he wrote t 7! next day aft] ,i left x seems7 ! ,%]iff review$ 8 decision1 & a second "t turn$ !m ov] to ,lieut5ant ,r42 & z he /ates 9 8 lett] to me1 t ,major ,cl>k ord]$ !m to proce$ =?) to ,arkansas4 ,:y 0 x necess>y1 !n1 = me to h be5 !re1 s9ce he _h yield$ ev]y?+ to 8 s5ior (fic]1 & t (fic] he knew _h det]m9$ n to respect ! ord] he _h receiv$1 & _h det]m9$ 7z 8 previ\s /atem5t & subsequ5t conduct prove7 to s5d !m =?) to ,arkansas8 ,x is ab\t su* a subt]fuge z ! ,%]iff turn+ ! negroes & )hold+ !m aft] my lett] to ,major ,c4 0 se51 & !n turn+ !m ov] aga9 aft] x 0 kn[n ,i _h left4 ,x is due ,lieut5ant ,r4 to obs]ve1 t he /at$ to me ! ,%]iff _h told him a lie4 ,i "k n :at object he c\ld h _h 9 view 9 do+ s4 ,i rema9$ 9 ,new ,orleans f\r days1 9 :i* "t ,i became conv9c$ f ! maneuv]+ t 0 ev9c$ t no?+ w\ld be ga9$ by a long] /ay1 & z ! sickly season 0 approa*+1 ,i left ) ! conviction t ! ,%]iff w\ld alt] 8 decision z soon z ,i left !re4 ,i am1 ) ! highe/ respect1 sir1 ,y\rs1 etc41 ,n4 ,f4 ,,coll9s1 ,ag5t ,creek ,w>riors4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris1 ,esq41 ,commission] ,indian ,affairs4 ,x is wor?y ( notice t ?is ag5t ( a slave-deal] %\ld ?us address1 to "o ( ! ,executive ,dep>tm5ts ( ?is augu/ nation1 compla9ts aga9/ ! sworn (fic]s ( our ,gov]nm5t2 b x is /ill m wor?y ( note t ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t %\ld call on its au?oriz$ & sworn ag5ts to respond to compla9ts com+ f su* a s\rce4 ,copies ( ,coll9s's two lett]s 7 imm$iately enclos$ to ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 accompani$ by a lett] f ,commission] ,h>ris1 ( :i* we give a copy3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,(fice ( ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,augu/ #bg1 #ahcg4 ,,sir3 ,i enclose copies ( two lett]s f ,n4 ,f4 ,coll9s1 ,esq41 7"o ( ! tw5ty-n9? ultimo & ! o!r ( ! eighte5? in/ant17 9 relation to ! negroes :i* y 7 direct$ to turn ov] to him z ! ag5t ( ! ,creeks4 ,f ^! pap]s1 & f o!r in=mation receiv$ "h1 x w\ld seem !re has be5 great disreg>d1 if n a violation1 ( ! ord]s ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t 9 ?is matt]4 ,i tru/ y w be able to make su* explanations ( y\r conduct z w relieve y f c5sure--a prompt answ] is desir$4 ,x may n be amiss to in=m y t1 :5 on duty 9 ! ,indian ,dep>tm5t1 y are b\nd to obey ! ord]s ( no milit>y (fic]1 unless y h be5 plac$ "u 8 direction4 ,capta9 ,morrison is ! only army (fic] au?oriz$ to control y\r movem5ts4 ,v1 etc41 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris1 ,commission]4 ,lieut4 ,j4 ,g4 ,,reynolds4 ,^! intimations to ,lieut5ant ,reynolds ( c5sure1 & ! di/9ct call = explanations1 c\ld be nei!r mis9t]pret$ nor misund]/ood2 &1 al?\gh ! compla9ts & *>ges _h be5 pref]r$ n m]ely by a man 9 private life1 b by an individual ^: v employm5t z an assi/ant slave-deal] _h r5d]$ him odi\s & infam\s among honorable m51 yet ?is (fic] :o _h f\ght "u ! flag ( 8 c\ntry1 & 0 ready at any mom5t to p]il 8 life 9 ! support ( 8 c\ntry's honor1 0 n[ con/ra9$ to meet *>ges com+ f an infam\s s\rce4 ,! surprise ( ,lieut5ant ,reynolds at ?is proc$ure 0 express$ 9 ! foll[+ lett]3 _/99 ,,new ,,orleans1 ,sept4 #bj1 #ahch4 99_/ ,,sir3 ,y\r lett]1 dat$ tw5ty-sev5? ultimo1 enclos+ copies ( two communications receiv$ at y\r (fice f ,mr4 ,n4 ,f4 ,coll9s1 ! ,creek attorney1 came to h& on ! t5? in/ant4 ,i 0 surpris$ at be+ call$ ^u to answ] = 'my conduct' t[>d ,mr4 ,coll9s1 z also ! ,dep>tm5t = disreg>d+ its ord]s4 ,inde$1 sir1 ,i h be51 9 my own e/imation1 too fai?ful a s]vant 9 ! special dep>tm5t 9 :i* x 0 ! pleasure ( ,g5]al ,jessup to assign1 & y to cont9ue1 me1 to make a def5se to ! allegations advanc$ by ,coll9s4 ,at ! "t ( ,mr4 ,coll9s's dep>ture f ?is city1 he did n ev9ce t virul5ce ( feel+ t he has ?\ght prop] to express 9 8 lett]2 on ! contr>y1 he 0 !n app>5tly "u ! full conviction t ,i _h done all t 0 possible to aid him1 & c>ry out ! ord]s receiv$ 9 relation to ! negroes 9 "q4 ,:at object c\ld ,i possibly h 9 wi%+ cl&e/9ely1 & 9 ! v face ( ord]s1 to s5d ^? negroes to ,arkansas8 ,_h ,mr4 ,coll9s be5 "h1 sir1 s f> z ,i 0 conc]n$1 he %\ld h _h ! negroes ^u id5tity4 ,i enclose pap]s1 sir1 f v>i\s g5tlem5 to disprove ! ass]tion ( ,mr4 ,coll9s1 't ! negroes 7 9 my possession dur+ ! "t he 0 "h2' on ! contr>y1 !y did n come into my h&s until "s "t aft] 8 dep>ture4 ,x is true1 ,i h frequ5tly ref]r$ to ,major ,cl>k = advice 9 matt]s relative to my (ficial situation4 ,x 0 on acc\nt ( ! high reg>d ,i h ( 8 "* z a g5tleman1 & an (fic] ( long /&+ & exp]i5ce1 & ^: integrity /&s preem95tly & des]v$ly high4 ,i h ! honor to be1 sir1 v respectfully1 ,y\r obd't s]vant1 ,,jno4 ,g4 ,,reynolds1 ,u4 ,s4 ,m4 ,c4 ,disb4 ,ag5t1 ,ind4 ,dep't4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,h>ris1 ,com4 ,ind4 ,affairs1 ,wa%+ton ,city1 ,d4 ,c4 ,we h too little space 9 ?is "w to copy (ficial pap]s to any consid]able ext5t4 ,^? :i* accompani$ ,lieut5ant ,reynolds's reply 7-- ,fir/4 ,a full /atem5t ( facts f ,%]iff ,buisson1 %[+ t ! ?irty-"o prison]s1 :o _h be5 9 8 *>ge1 7 n turn$ ov] to ,major ,cl>k until ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,june1 #ahch4 ,second4 ,a full /atem5t ( facts by ,george ,:itman1 own] ( ! /eamboat1 :o contract$ to c>ry ! prison]s ,we/4 ,?ird4 ,a simil> /atem5t by ,major ,cl>k ( ! facts t came )9 8 k1 accompani$ by a copy ( a communication f ,jno4 ,c4 ,casey1 ,act+ ,sem9ole ,ag5t4 ,all ^! /atem5ts %[$ t ,lieut5ant ,reynolds _h /rictly obey$ 8 ord]s2 & :e!r !y prov$ satisfactory to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t or n1 we are unable to /ate4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 believ$1 t no fur!r proce$+s 7 _h 9 relation to ! conduct ( t (fic]4 ,mr4 ,coll9s1 f9d+ t he possess$ "s influ5ce ) ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 on ! eighte5? ( ,octob]1 wrote ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 say+1 ,i h n[ to reque/ t1 %\ld ,g5]al ,arbuckle be unable to comply ) ! in/ructions ,i und]/& he has receiv$1 7:i* f my k ( ! ,indian "* ,i h no d\bt he w17 ?is claim may be laid be=e ! ag5t :o may be appo9t$ to inve/igate ! claims ( ! ,creeks ) ! necess>y docum5ts2 t x may be exam9$ & report$ on by him4 ,9 answ] to ?is lett]1 ,mr4 ,craw=d1 ,act+ ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 repli$1 /at+ t ,g5]al ,arbuckle _h1 on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,septemb]1 in=m$ ! ,dep>tm5t t ! negroes c\ld only be obta9$ by milit>y =ce4 ,mr4 ,craw=d also assur$ ,mr4 ,coll9s t ,g5]al ,arbuckle _h be5 in/ruct$ to act 9 conc]t ) ,capta9 ,arm/rong = ! purpose ( obta9+ a treaty ) ! ,indians by :i* provisions = ?is claim w\ld be made2 & t ! necess>y pap]s _h be5 transmitt$ to ^? g5tlem5 to enable !m to act ) a correct und]/&+ ( ! subject4 ,b ! ,creek ,indians appe> to h become impress$ ) ! op9ion1 t ! :ole proce$+ 0 ei!r unju/ or di%onorable1 & !y :olly refus$ to p>ticipate any fur!r 9 ! transaction4 ,! ,exiles & ,indians 7 n[ liv+ on ! ,*]okee l&s4 ,! ,creeks w\ld h no?+ fur!r to d ) ,watson1 nor ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 reg>d to ! captur$ negroes4 ,! ,sem9ole ,indians %[$ no disposition to surr5d] !m to slav]y1 & ! ,exiles !mselves exhibit$ no int5tion ( go+ volunt>ily into bondage4 ,g5]al ,arbuckle advis$ aga9/ ! employm5t ( milit>y =ce to effect t object2 & to all pres5t appe>ances ^! n9ety ,exiles _h1 ?r\gh a tra9 ( my/]i\s incid5ts1 be5 pres]v$ f bondage4 ,! ,florida ,w> _h become unpopul>2 & ,watson1 ! pur*as] ( ! suppos$ slaves1 _h w>m p]sonal fri5ds among ! ,:igs ( ,georgia4 ,!y 7 q will+ to subject ,mr4 ,van ,bur5 to any degree ( odium 9 _! p[]4 ,watson1 !re=e1 s5t 8 petition to ,congress1 ask+ indemnity = ! loss ( slaves :om he _h pur*as$ ( ! ,creeks at ! in/ance1 & by ! recomm5dation1 ( ! ,executive (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,9 ord] to su/a9 ! claim ( ,watson1 x 0 necess>y to place ! facts att5d+ ?is transaction be=e ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,= ?is purpose a resolution 0 adopt$1 on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,janu>y1 #ahci1 call+ on ! ,secret>y ( ,w> = su* in=mation z 0 to be f\nd 9 8 (fice t\*+ ! capture ( negroes & o!r prop]ty f ! ho/ile ,indians1 dur+ ! pres5t w> 9 ,florida4 ,9 answ] to ?is resolution1 ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 on ! tw5ty-sev5? ( ,febru>y1 made report1 embrac+ "o hundr$ & tw5ty-six pages ( pr9t$ matt]4 ,x 0 numb]$ ,h4 ,doc4 #bbe1 & ord]$ to be pr9t$4 ,f t docum5t mu* in=mation has be5 obta9$ 9 reg>d to ! capture & emigration ( ?is fir/ p>ty ( ,indians & ,exiles to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,! result ( ?is speculation 9 human fle% is s ess5tial to a correct appreciation ( ! :ole transaction1 t we deem x prop] to give1 9 ?is connection1 ! proce$+s ( ,congress ^u t subject2 al?\gh x may appe> to be r a digression f ! *ronological n>ration ( ev5ts :i* con/itute ! subject ( our hi/ory4 ,x w be recollect$ t ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 9 8 lett] to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 dat$ ! fir/ ( ,may1 #ahch1 sugge/s t x might create agitation1 7 ! ,dep>tm5t to ask ,congress = an appropriation ( money to c>ry ^! ,exiles to ,africa1 or = any o!r disposition ( !m2 t1 to suppress all discussion 9 ,congress ^u ! subject ( slav]y1 gag-resolutions & gag-rules _h be5 adopt$ at ea* session s9ce #ahce4 ,x 0 "u ! op]ation ( ^! rules t ! advocates ( slav]y expect$ to pass a bill to indemnify ,watson = 8 loss 9 fail+ to enslave ^! ,exiles4 ,sid5ote3 #ahci4 ,dur+ ! summ] ( #ahci1 ! docum5t1 ,no4 #bbe1 above ref]r$ to1 0 pr9t$4 ,accord+ to ! practice ( t day1 few1 ev5 ( ! memb]s ( ,congress1 exam9$ ^! docum5ts4 ,a copy ( ?is1 h[ev]1 0 plac$ on file1 ) ,watson's petition & o!r pap]s1 z evid5ce on :i* 8 claim re/$4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! next session1 ! ,au?or ( ?is "w1 be+ a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 0 plac$ ^u ! committee ( ,claims2 at ! head ( :i* 0 ,hon4 ,david ,russel1 ( ,wa%+ton ,c\nty1 ,new ,york1 a man ( great indu/ry1 integrity & ability2 always indep5d5t1 accord+ to ! g5]al views ( t day1 & upright 9 ! dis*>ge ( (ficial duties4 ,hon4 ,william ,c4 ,dawson1 ( ,georgia1 0 also a memb] ( t committee1 & appe>$ to take mu* int]e/ 9 ?is claim4 ,he 0 a man ( mu* suavity ( mann]2 "o ( t class ( ,s\!rn /atesm5 :o felt x necess>y to c>ry e measure by ! influ5ce ( p]sonal k9dness1 & an expression ( horror at all agitation ( ! slave "q1 "u ! appreh5sion t x might dissolve ! ,union4 ,mr4 ,dawson 0 anxi\s to get ?is claim ( ,watson ?r\gh ,congress1 &1 n expect+ ! ,*airman ( ! committee on ,claims to favor its passage1 reque/$ ! ,au?or to exam9e & give support to x4 ,x 0 t exam9ation :i* gave him ! fir/ in=mation z to ! real cause ( ! ,florida ,w>4 ,aft] a full & ?or\gh inve/igation1 he assur$ ,mr4 ,dawson t he w\ld be con/ra9$ to oppose ! passage ( any bill giv+ indemnity to ,watson4 ,at t "t x 0 ! usual practice = ! committee on ,claims to leave all petitions ask+ pay = slaves1 or :i* involv$ ! "q ( slav]y1 )\t report+ ^u !m1 le/ !y %\ld cause agitation4 ,!re be+ no prospect ( obta9+ f ! committee a favorable report1 ! case 0 at ! next session ( ,congress ref]r$ to ! committee on ,indian ,affairs1 :o report$ 9 its favor1 provid+ = ! paym5t ( ! full sum :i* ,watson gave ! ,creeks1 & int]e/ !reon f ! "t ( ! contract up to ! "t ( pass+ ! bill4 ,sid5ote3 #ahda4 ,?is bill 0 plac$ on ! cal5d>1 & 9 #ahda ! ,au?or endeavor$ to call att5tion to x1 9 a spee* made 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives on ! ,florida ,w>4 ,?is l$ "s memb]s to exam9e x2 & "s ( !m1 m indep5d5t ?an o!rs1 decl>$ _! ho/ility to its passage4 ,9 ! ,tw5ty-eigh? ,congress1 ! ,au?or1 hav+ become obnoxi\s to ! slavehold]s1 0 remov$ f ! committee on ,claims1#aba & ,watson's petition 0 aga9 ref]r$ to t committee1 9 ord] t x %\ld receive ! pre/ige ( its influ5ce2 b x 0 report$ ^u late1 & 0 s l[ on ! cal5d> t x 0 n rea*$ dur+ t ,congress4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdh4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdi4 ,9 ! ,?irty-fir/ ,congress1 ,mr4 ,daniels1 ,*airman ( ! committee on ,claims1 report$ x 9 ,febru>y4 ,b ,g5]al ,cr[ell1 ( ,trumbull ,c\nty1 ,ohio1 be+ on ! committee1 oppos$ its passage1 & caus$ a po/ponem5t = t session2 & at ! next session x 01 aft] a %ort discussion1 pass$ ov] )\t any f9al action ^u x4 ,at ! ,?irty-second ,congress1 ! committee on ,claims 0 yet m favorably con/itut$ = ! slave int]e/--,mr4 ,sacket1 ( ,new ,york1 & ,mr4 ,rant\l1 ( ,massa*usetts1 be+ ! only two memb]s ^u x :o op5ly resi/$ ! slave p[]4 ,mr4 ,edg]ton1 ( ,ohio1 ,mr4 ,seym\r1 ( ,connecticut1 & ,mr4 ,curtis1 ( ,p5nsylvania1 be+ ,nor!rn ,democrats1 rema9$ sil5t dur+ ! discussion ( ?is claim4 ,x 0 h[ev] aga9 report$ by ! ,*airman1 ,mr4 ,daniels1 ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 at an e>ly day1 & a full det]m9ation to c>ry x ?r\gh 0 manife/$ by ! slavehold]s4 ,bo? ( ! great political p>ties 7 at t "t 7#aheb7 endeavor+ to suppress all agitation ( ! slave "q4 ,s\!rn m51 p>ticul>ly1 7 horrifi$ at e appe>ance ( discussion 9 relation to ! pecculi> in/itution2 & !y hop$ to pass ?is bill )\t ev5 an exam9ation ( its m]its be=e ! ,h\se4 ,b ! oppon5ts ( slav]y 7 n idle4 ,ef=ts 7 privately made to call att5tion ( g5tlem5 to ?is claim1 t !y might exam9e its m]its be=e x came up = discussion2 & on look+ into x1 a numb] ( memb]s prep>$ to oppose its passage4 ,sid5ote3 #aheb4 ,aft] "o or two po/ponem5ts1 x came on = discussion on ! tw5tie? ( ,febru>y1 #aheb4 ,mr4 ,sacket1 ( ,new ,york1 met ! case at once1 9 a spee* :i* %[$ t he _h /udi$ x v ?or\ghly1 & und]/ood x p]fectly4 ,he insi/$ t slaves 7 n plund]1 & did n come )9 ! contract ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 :i* gave to ,creeks ! plund] !y might capture4 #b;d4 ,t ! :ole transaction 0 "o ( speculation on ! "p ( ,watson1 inasmu* z ! report set =? t ! negroes 7 wor? at lea/ sixty ?\s& doll>s1 :ile he paid only f\rte5 ?\s& & six hundr$ doll>s--be+ less ?an "o-f\r? _! value1 evid5tly tak+ ^u himself all risk ( title & possession4 #c;d4 ,t ! (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t _h no au?ority to involve ! nation 9 ?is slave-deal+ transaction4 #d?4 ,t ^? (fic]s 7 n ! ,gov]nm5t1 & c\ld n b9d ! p to pay _! funds = human fle%4 ,mr4 ,ab]crombie1 ( ,alabama1 0 9 favor ( ! claim4 ,he decl>$ t he 0 9 ,florida at ! "t ( ?is contract1 & knew all ab\t x1 & t x 0 well und]/ood t ! t]m plund] did include slaves4 ,mr4 ,daniels1 ,*airman ( ! committee1 felt call$ on by ! ef=t ( ,mr4 ,sacket to speak e>ly 9 ! discussion4 ,he insi/$ t ,g5]al ,jessup1 ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs & ,secret>y ( ,w>1 fully und]/ood ! case2 t x 0 und]/ood by ! p>ties t ! t]m plund] did include slaves2 t ,watson 0 drawn into ?is matt]1 p>tly1 to relieve ! ,gov]nm5t f ! transaction 9 :i* x _h become involv$4 ,he insi/$ t ! negroes captur$ 7 slaves ( ! ,sem9oles2 b :5 inquir$ ( on t po9t1 c\ld only say1 t (fic]s engag$ 9 ! ,florida ,w> _h spok5 ( !m z su*4 ,he 0 mu* emb>rass$ by int]rogatories prop\nd$ to him by ,mr4 ,/anton1 ( ,ohio1 & o!r g5tlem54 ,mr4 ,mace1 ( ,indiana1 a ,democrat1 took a %ort & compreh5sive view ( ! case4 ,he1 nor any o!r man c\ld tell :e!r ^! negroes 7 slaves or freem54 ,on ! "p ( ! (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 !re 0 n a s+le impulse ( humanity manife/$ 9 reg>d to ^! p2 b all _! endeavors 7 put =? to enslave !m4 ,he 0 entirely oppos$ to ! bill4 ,hon4 ,john ,w4 ,h[e1 ( ,p5nsylvania1 w\ld nev] give 8 vote 9 favor ( reg>d+ m51 & wom51 & *ildr51 z plund]4 ,he comm5t$ ) mu* =ce ^u ! contract1 & ! docum5t>y evid5ce be=e ! ,h\se1 & w\ld ma9ta9 ! humanity ( all prison]s captur$ 9 w>4 ,he su/a9$ ! position ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 t !y 7 prison]s ( w>4 ,on ! t5? ( ,m>* ! bill came up aga9 = consid]ation1 :5 ,mr4 ,johnson1 ( ,georgia1 advocat$ its passage 9 a v elaborate spee*4 ,he diff]$ f ,mr4 ,sacket1 ,mr4 ,h[e1 & ^? :o oppos$ ! bill1 mo/ly ^u ! great "q--insi/+ t slaves 7 prop]ty "u our ,f$]al ,con/itution2 t ! p captur$ by ! ,creek ,indians 7 n possess$ ( any rights2 t !y 7 to be reg>d$ z m]e *attels3 inde$1 ?is po9t lay at ! f\ndation ( ! entire discussion4 ,he h[ev] s\ght to add /r5g? to ! claim by read+ lett]s f ,mr4 ,craw=d1 ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 & f ,mr4 ,po9sett1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 to %[ t !y sympa?iz$ ) ! slave-deal]1 & 7 desir\s t ?is bill %\ld pass4 ,mr4 ,wel*1 ( ,ohio1 9 few words1 decl>$ 8 conviction t ^! negroes 7 prison]s ( w>1 to be treat$ z su*1 & n to be reg>d$ z slaves or *attels4 ,mr4 ,evans1 ( ,m>yl&1 ?\ght x difficult to und]/& ! case1 b w\ld adopt ! views ( ,judge ,iv]son1 ( ,georgia2 t g5tleman _h be5 a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & 8 /atem5ts c\ld be reli$ ^u4 ,he read a long affidavit %[+ ! recollections ( ,mr4 ,iv]son1 &1 z ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h ! prop]ty 9 possession1 he w\ld vote = ! bill4 ,mr4 ,/u>t1 ( ,mi*igan1 n[ a ,democratic ,s5ator1 ?\ght ! ,gov]nm5t _h be5 9 great difficulty 9 gett+ ^! ,sem9oles to g ,we/2 !y w\ld n g )\t ! negroes1 _m ( :om _h int]m>ri$ ) ! ,sem9oles4 ,by ! treaty :i* ,g5]al ,jessup made1 9 #ahcg1 our ,gov]nm5t 0 b\nd to s5d ! negroes ,we/1 & hav+ done s1 0 b\nd to pay ,watson = 8 loss4 ,mr4 ,skelton1 ( ,new ,j]sey1 a ,democrat1 recogniz$ no p[] 9 ?is or any o!r gov]nm5t to treat prison]s ( w> z slaves4 ,! discussion _h become int]e/+1 &1 9 "s degree1 con/itut$ an agitation ( ! slave "q2 & z ! committee rose )\t tak+ a vote ^u ! bill1 ,mr4 ,orr1 ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 mov$ a resolution preclud+ fur!r debate ^u x2 b ! ,h\se adj\rn$ )\t tak+ a vote on ! resolution4 ,! case came up aga9 on ! t5? ( ,april1 :5 a resolution to close debate 9 "o h\r 0 adopt$4 ,! ,h\se !n resolv$ itself 9 committee2 & ,mr4 ,b>tlett1 ( ,v]mont1 a ,democrat1 took ! position t ! ,gov]nm5t1 nor its (fic]s1 _h p[] to ent] into any agreem5t ) ,indians or :ite m51 by :i* !y %\ld enjoy any privilege1 or receive any comp5sation1 n au?oriz$ by law2 t ! contract betwe5 ,g5]al ,jessup & ! ,creeks 0 ( no validity1 b absolutely void2 & e transaction t\*+ ! enslavem5t ( ! ,exiles 0 )\t au?ority1 & ( no effect4 ,mr4 ,wal%1 ( ,m>yl&1 insi/$ t ! ,indian tribes 7 n nations1 & ought n to be treat$ z su*2 t x 0 n incumb5t on ! fri5ds ( ! bill to %[ t slav]y exi/$ among ! ,sem9oles2 if !y liv$ )9 a slave ,/ate1 !y might hold slaves2 t ! ,gov]nm5t _h ! "r to enslave ! negroes :5 captur$4 ,mr4 ,sweetz]1 ( ,ohio1 ,democrat1 d5i$ ! au?ority ( ,g5]al ,jessup to make any contract = ! s]vices ( ! ,creek w>riors o!r ?an ! law _h provid$2 nor c\ld he h au?ority to make any /ipulation z to ! disposal ( prison]s :5 captur$4 ,mr4 ,s\!rl&1 ( ,new ,york1 a ,:ig1 ?\ght ! "q ( slav]y 0 n necess>ily involv$ 9 ?is case2 t ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 hav+ s5t ! negroes ,we/1 7 b\nd to indemnify ,watson = 8 loss4 ,mr4 ,daniels1 by ! rules ( ! ,h\se1 _h "o h\r to reply1 aft] ! expiration ( ! "t = clos+ debate4 ,he attempt$ to reply to "s ( ! argum5ts (f]$ aga9/ ! bill1 b advanc$ no new position4 ,at ! expiration ( 8 spee* ! vote 0 tak51 & ! bill report$ to ! ,h\se z agre$ to 9 committee4 ,! previ\s "q 0 !n call$1 & "u its op]ation ! bill pass$--sev5ty-n9e memb]s vot+ 9 favor ( its passage1 & fifty-?ree aga9/ x4 ,"o memb] f ! slave ,/ates1 ,williamson ,r4 ,w4 ,cobb1 ( ,alabama1 vot$ aga9/ ! bill4 ,all ! o!r memb]s f ! slave ,/ates vot$ = x2 & 7 aid$ by ! votes ( memb]s f ! free ,/ates1 z foll[s3 ,f ,new ,hamp%ire3 ,h>ry ,hibb>d--#a4 ,massa*usetts3 ,wm4 ,appleton1 ,z5o ,scudd]--#b4 ,new ,york3 ,abram ,m4 ,s*emm]horn1 ,james ,brooks1 ,gilb]t ,dean1 ,f4 ,s4 ,m>t91 ,abram ,p4 ,/ev5s1 ,joseph ,s\!rl&--#f4 ,connecticut3 ,coll9s ,m4 ,+]soll--#a ,new ,j]sey3 ,r4 ,m4 ,price--#a4 ,p5nsylvania3 ,joseph ,r4 ,*&l]1 ,?omas ,flor5ce1 ,joseph ,h4 ,kuhns1 ,joseph ,mc,nair1 ,&rew ,pack]1 ,john ,robb9s1 ,?omas ,ross--#g4 ,ohio3 ,john ,l4 ,taylor--#a4 ,indiana3 ,sam'l ,w4 ,p>k]1 ,ri*>d ,w4 ,?ompson--#b4 ,mi*igan3 ,e4 ,s4 ,p5niman1 ,*>les ,e4 ,/u>t--#b4 ,i[a3 ,l9coln ,cl>k1 ,b]n>d ,h5n--#b4 ,cali=nia3 ,joseph ,w4 ,mc,corkle--#a4 ,9 all ! free ,/ates tw5ty-five4 ,! vote aga9/ ! bill 0 giv5 by ! foll[+ memb]s1 f ! free ,/ates3 ,f ,ma9e3 ,e4 ,k4 ,sm>t1 ,israel ,wa%burn1 jr4--#b4 ,new ,hamp%ire3 ,j>$ ,p]k9s1 ,amos ,tuck--#b4 ,massa*usetts3 ,orr9 ,f[l]1 ,z4 ,goodri*1 ,horace ,mann--#c4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,b5net1 ,george ,briggs1 ,john ,g4 ,floyd1 ,timo?y ,j5k9s1 ,daniel ,f4 ,jones1 ,pre/on ,k+1 ,william ,murray1 ,joseph ,russel1 ,wm4 ,a4 ,sacket1 ,w4 ,w4 ,sn[1 ,hiram ,s4 ,wallbridge1 ,john ,wells--#ab4 ,new ,j]sey3 ,*>les ,skelton1 ,n4 ,t4 ,/ratton--#b4 ,v]mont3 ,?omas ,w4 ,b>tlett1 ,james ,mea*am--#b4 ,connecticut3 ,*>les ,*apman--#a4 ,p5nsylvania3 ,james ,allison1 ,john ,l4 ,dawson1 ,james ,gamble1 ,galu%a ,a4 ,gr[1 ,john ,w4 ,h[e1 ,?omas ,m4 ,h[e1 ,milo ,m4 ,dimmick1 ,?addeus ,/ev5s--#h4 ,ohio3 ,nelson ,b>r]e1 ,joseph ,cable1 ,alfr$ ,p4 ,edg]ton1 ,j4 ,m4 ,gaylord1 ,alex4 ,h>p]1 ,wm4 ,f4 ,hunt]1 ,john ,johnson1 ,eb5 ,newton1 ,edson ,b4 ,olds1 ,*>les ,sweetz]--#aj4 ,indiana3 ,samuel ,br5ton1 ,john ,g4 ,davis1 ,graham ,n4 ,fit*1 ,?omas ,a4 ,h5dricks1 ,daniel ,mace--#e4 ,ill9ois3 ,wyllis ,all51 ,r4 ,s4 ,molony--#b4 ,wiscons93 ,james ,d4 ,doty1 ,solomon ,durkee1 ,b54 ,c4 ,ea/man--#c4 ,^! fifty-two memb]s1 ) ,mr4 ,cobb1 ( ,alabama1 made up ! entire opposition to ! bill 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,9 ! ,s5ate !re 0 v little opposition to its passage2 & aft] ?irte5 ye>s1 ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates paid = ! slaves :om ,watson b\ght on speculation1 b ( :om he fail$ to obta9 possession4 ,! ,nor!rn advocates ( ! bill ju/ifi$ _! support ( x m g5]ally ^u ! pr9ciple1 t our (fic]s s5t ! negroes ,we/1 & !reby r5d]$ x difficult1 if n impossible1 = ,watson to obta9 possession ( !m2 & !y insi/$ t1 9 refund+ to ,watson 8 money1 !y did n pay him = human fle%1 b = ! money he _h paid out at ! in/ance ( f$]al (fic]s4 ,?is vote clos$ ! controv]sy 9 reg>d to ,g5]al ,jessup's contract1 to give ! ,creek w>riors su* plund] z !y might capture f ! enemy4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,fur!r ,,difficulties ,,9 ,,prosecut+ ,,! ,,w>4 ,emigrants "u ,capta9 ,morrison--,feel+ among ! ,regul> ,troops--,!y dete/ ! practice ( cat*+ ,negroes--,ano!r p>ty ,emigrate--,/ill fur!r ,emigration--,situation ( ! ,exiles--,deep depravity ( ! ,adm9i/ration--,g5]al ,mc,comb's ,treaty--,8 g5]al ord]--,peace *e]s ! ,nation--,citiz5s ( ,florida return to _! homes--,adm9i/ration congratulates its fri5ds--,m murd]s p]petrat$--,plant]s flee to villages = protection--,massacre ( ,colonel ,h>ney's p>ty--,indians seiz$ at ,=t ,mellon--,exiles refuse to p>ticipate 9 ^? massacres--,!y w\ld make no ,treaty--,adm9i/ration p>alyz$--,report ( ,secret>y ( ,w>--,its "*--,b>b>\s s5tim5ts ( ,gov]nor ,reid--,resolution ( ,legislature ( ,florida 9 favor ( employ+ blood-h\nds--,orig9al object 9 obta9+ !m--,! ef=t proves a failure--,g5]al ,taylor retires f comm& ( ,army--,is succe$$ by ,g5]al ,armi/ead4 ,we n[ resume our *ronological n>ration ( ev5ts connect$ ) ! ,exiles ( ,florida1 dur+ ! ye> #ahch4 ,on ! f\rte5? ( ,june1 ,capta9 ,morrison arriv$ at ,new ,orleans f ,tampa ,bay 9 *>ge ( "s ?ree hundr$ ,indians & ?irty negroes1 on _! way to ! ,we/2 he hav+ be5 assign$ to t p>ticul> duty4 ,^! ,indians & ,exiles _h mo/ ( !m come to ,=t ,jupit] by advice ( ! ,*]okees1 & surr5d]$ "u ! capitulation ( ,m>*1 #ahcg4 ,at ! "t !y rea*$ ,new ,orleans1 ,lieut5ant ,reynolds 0 abs5t ) 8 fir/ emigrat+ p>ty2 & ! ?irty-"o negroes left at ,new ,orleans 7 at t "t 9 ! h&s ( ! ,%]iff4 ,capta9 ,morrison felt x 8 duty to ha/5 ! emigration ( ^? :om he _h 9 *>ge1 & on ! sixte5?1 he left t city ) 8 prison]s = ! ,indian ,c\ntry )\t wait+ ! return ( ,lieut5ant ,reynolds4 ,on rea*+ ,=t ,gibson1 he deliv]$ !m ov] to ! (fic] act+ z ,sem9ole ,ag5t = ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 & !y soon rejo9$ _! fri5ds :o 7 locat$ on ! ,*]okee l&s4 ,x may n be improp] to /ate1 t1 9 sev]al ( our rec5t *apt]s1 we h quot$ f (ficial docum5ts pretty freely1 = ! reason t _m liv+ /atesm51 z well z _m :o h pass$ to _! f9al re/1 7 deeply involv$ 9 ^? transactions1 & we desir$ to make !m speak = !mselves z f> z ! docum5ts w\ld enable u to d s4 ,b z we h n>rat$ mo/ ( ! sc5es involv+ individuals 9 transactions ( su* deep moral turpitude1 we hope to be m brief 9 our future hi/ory4 ,:5 ,g5]al ,taylor assum$ ! comm& ( ! army1 !re 0 a feel+ ( deep disgu/ preval5t among ! regul> troops at ! practice ( seiz+ & enslav+ ! ,exiles4 ,we h already notic$ ! fact1 t ! citiz5s ( ,florida suppos$ ! w> to h be5 comm5c$ pr9cipally to enable !m to get possession ( negroes :om !y might enslave4 ,inde$1 !y appe> n to h reg>d$ x z mat]ial1 t ! claimant %\ld h previ\sly own$ ! negro4 ,if !y once obta9$ control ( 8 p]son1 he 0 hurri$ into ! int]ior ( ,georgia1 ,alabama1 or ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 :]e he 0 sold & held z a slave4 ,& ! ,florida volunte]s1 :ile nom9ally 9 s]vice1 appe> to h be5 f> m anxi\s to cat* negroes ?an to meet ! enemy 9 battle4 ,?is feel+ 0 s g5]al among ! p & troops ( ,florida1 t ,g5]al ,call1 ,gov]nor ( ! ,t]ritory1 recomm5d$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> t milit>y exp$itions %\ld be fitt$ out = ! purpose ( go+ into ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 9 ord] to capture negroes1 :o1 :5 captur$1 %\ld be sold1 & ! avails ( su* sales appli$ to defray ! exp5ses ( ! w>4 ,x is easy to see t ?is feel+ w\ld lead ! regul> troops to ent]ta9 great contempt = ! volunte]s ( ,florida2 & a correspond+ feel+ ( ho/ility w\ld arise on ! "p ( su* volunte]s t[>d ! regul> troops4 ,^! feel+s op]at$ ^u ,presid5t ,jackson 9 ord]+ ! )drawal ( ,g5]al ,scott2 & ,g5]al ,jessup s\ght to appease ?is ho/ility by obey+ ! dictates ( ! slave p[]4 ,inde$1 :atev] appe>s l a violation ( pl$g$ fai?1 or be>s ! evid5ce ( trea*]y on ! "p ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 may probably ) great ju/ice be attribut$ to ! popul> s5tim5t ( ! ,t]ritory4 ,he _h assidu\sly captur$1 & deliv]$ ov] to bondage1 hundr$s ( p]sons :om he _h mo/ solemnly cov5ant$ to protect 9 _! p]sons & prop]ty4 ,g5]al ,taylor disc>d$ ?is entire policy4 ,8 fir/ ef=ts 7 to make ! ,indians & ,exiles und]/& t he s\ght _! emigration to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 = ! advancem5t ( _! own int]e/ & happ9ess4 ,ow+ to ^! circum/ances !re 0 sc>cely any blood %$ 9 ,florida :ile he _h comm&4 ,! army 0 no long] employ$ to hunt & to *ase d[n wom5 & *ildr51 :o _h be5 re>$ 9 fre$om among ! hommocks & ev]glades ( t ,t]ritory4 ,!re 7 yet rema9+ sev]al small b&s ( ,indians ^u ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 & 9 its vic9ity4 ,mo/ ( ! ,exiles :o _h a few ye>s previ\sly resid$ ) ^! b&s1 _h be5 captur$ by pirates f ,georgia1 & tak5 to ! int]ior ( t ,/ate & sold1 z ! read] has be5 already in=m$4 ,^? ( ,e-con-*attimico's & ( ,blunt's & ( ,walk]'s b&s 7 ne>ly all kidnapp$2 b ( ! numb] ( ,exiles :o rema9$ ) ! o!r remnants ( ,indian ,tribes1 resid5t ^u ! ,appala*icola ,riv]1 we h no reliable in=mation4 ,we are left 9 d\bt on ?is po9t1 z ,g5]al ,taylor drew no di/9ctions among 8 prison]s2 he nei!r con/itut$ himself nor 8 (fic]s a tribunal = exam9+ ! complexion or ! p$igree ( 8 captives4 ,he d5i$ ! "r ( any citiz5 to inspect ! p captur$ by ! army "u 8 comm&1 or to int]f]e 9 any way ) ! disposal ( 8 prison]s4 ,he repair$ to ! ,apala*ee t[ns ) a small =ce ab\t ! fir/ ( ,octob]4 ,nei!r ! ,indians nor ,exiles made any resi/ance2 nor did !y oppose emigration4 ,!y readily emb>k$ = ,new ,orleans on _! way we/w>d4 ,_! emigration 0 n delay$ 9 ord] to give plant]s an opportunity to exam9e ! negroes4 ,"u ! g5]al t]m ( ,apala*ees1 two hundr$ & tw5ty p]sons 7 quietly emigrat$ to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry2 b1 z we h already /at$1 h[ _m ( !m 7 negroes1 we h no in=mation4 ,^! p 7 also deliv]$ ov] to ! ag5t1 act+ = ! ,we/]n ,indians1 & settl$ ) _! bre?r5 ^u ! ,*]okee l&s4 ,g5]al ,taylor n[ ent]$ ^u a new sy/em = prosecut+ ! w>1 by e/abli%+ po/s & mann+ !m1 & by assign+ to ea* a p>ticul> di/rict ( c\ntry1 ov] :i* _! sc\ts & patroles 7 to ext5d _! daily reconnoisances4 ,sid5ote3 #ahci4 ,small p>ties ( ,indians & negroes occasionally came 9 at diff]5t po/s1 & surr5d]$ "u ! articles ( capitulation ( ,m>*1 #ahcg2 &1 on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,febru>y1 "o hundr$ & n9ety-six ,indians & negroes 7 emb>k$ at ,tampa ,bay = ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,b ! proportion ( negroes1 comp>$ ) ! :ole numb]1 is n /at$ 9 any (ficial report4 ,g5]al ,taylor1 9 8 communications1 speaks ( !m z prison]s1 & occasionally uses ! t]ms ,indians & negroes4 ,?us1 9 less ?an a ye>1 ,g5]al ,taylor %ipp$ m ?an f\r hundr$ prison]s = ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry )\t blood%$4 ,^! prison]s 7 also deliv]$ ov] to ! ,indian ,ag5t ( ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 & imm$iately reunit$ ) _! bre?r5 already locat$ on ! ,*]okee l&s4 ,!re 71 at t "t1 a colony ( m ?an sixte5 hundr$ ( ^! p liv+ ^u ! t]ritory assign$ to ! ,*]okees4 ,!y 7 )\t homes1 or a c\ntry ( _! own3 :]eas ! ,gov]nm5t _h con/antly held out to !m ! assurance t1 if !y emigrat$ ,we/1 !y %\ld h a c\ntry assign$ to _! sep>ate use1 on :i* !y c\ld repose 9 safety4 ,at ?is po9t 9 our hi/ory1 ,mr4 ,van ,bur5's adm9i/ration exhibit$ its deepe/ depravity4 ,s9ce ! ratification ( ! supplem5tal treaty ( #ahcc1 ! ,executive1 ?r\gh all its (fic]s1 _h assur$ ! ,indians & ,exiles t !y %\ld enjoy its full b5efits1 by hav+ a t]ritory set (f to _! sep>ate use1 :]e !y c\ld live indep5d5t ( ,creek laws4 ,"u ^! assurances !y _h receiv$ ! pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation1 t !y %\ld be protect$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 _! p]sons & prop]ty4 ,) ^! pl$ges1 & ) ^! expectations1 a weak & fri5dless p _h emigrat$ to t we/]n region2 & :5 ?us sep>at$ f _! fri5ds & c\ntry1 ) ! slave-cat*+ vultures ( ! ,creek ,nation wat*+ & int5d+ to make !m _! future victims1 ! ,presid5t delib]ately refus$ to abide by ei!r ! treaty or ! articles ( capitulation4 ,he left !m unprotect$1 )\t homes1 & )\t a c\ntry :i* !y c\ld call _! own4 ,true1 _m ( !m _h be5 betray$1 trea*]\sly seiz$ & compell$ to emigrate2 b ?is 0 done 9 violation ( ! exi/+ treaty & pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation1 :i* !y 7 con/antly assur$ %\ld be fai?fully obs]v$2 & ^! circum/ances enhanc$ ! guilt ( ^? :o wield$ ! ,executive p[] to oppress !m4 ,major ,g5]al ,mc,comb arriv$ 9 ,florida 7,may #bj7 = ! purpose ( effect+ a new treaty ) ! ,sem9oles ^u ! basis ( p]mitt+ !m to rema9 9 _! native l&4 ,! w> _h be5 wag$ ) ! int5t & = ! purpose ( compell+ ! ,indians to emigrate ,we/ & settle ) ! ,creeks1 & become subject to ! ,creek laws4 ,x _h cont9u$ ?ree ye>s at a va/ exp5diture ( treasure & ( national reputation4 ,_m valuable lives _h also be5 sacrific$2 &1 al?\gh "s two ?\s& ,indians & ,exiles _h emigrat$ ,we/1 n "o ,exile _h settl$ 9 ! ,creek ,c\ntry1 or become subject to ,creek laws4 ,"s hundr$s _h be5 enslav$ & sold 9 ,florida1 ,georgia1 ,alabama & ,s\? ,c>ol9a2 b a remnant ( t p1 numb]+ "s hundr$s1 yet ma9ta9$ _! lib]ties aga9/ all ! ma*9ations & ef=ts ( ,gov]nm5t to renslave !m4#abb ,! va/ exp5diture ( national treasure _h call$ =? sev]e animadv]sion 9 ,congress2 :ile ! entire policy ( ! slave p[] =bid all explanation ( ! real cause ( ?is w>1 & ( ! objects = :i* its prosecution 0 cont9u$4 ,?us1 :ile ! nation 0 involv$ 9 a mo/ exp5sive & disa/r\s conte/ = ! b5efit ( slav]y1 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives _h adopt$ resolutions = suppress+ all discussion & all agitation ( que/ions relat+ to t in/itution4 ,g5]al ,scott1 a vet]an (fic] ( our army1 _h exhau/$ 8 utmo/ sci5ce2 _h put =? all 8 ef=ts to conqu] ?is indomitable p2 or r to subdue ! love ( lib]ty1 ! indep5d5ce ( ?\ght & ( feel+1 :i* /imulat$ !m to ef=t2 b he _h fail$4 ,! p[] ( our army1 aid$ by deception1 fraud & p]fidy1 _h be5 tri$ 9 va94 ,g5]al ,jessup1 ! mo/ successful (fic] :o _h comm&$ 9 ,florida1 _h advis$ peace ^u ! precise t]ms :i* ! allies dem&$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w>2 & ,g5]al ,mc,comb1 ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 0 n[ commission$ to negotiate peace on ^? t]ms4 ,b ! fir/ difficulty 0 to obta9 a he>+ ) ! *iefs :o rema9$ 9 ,florida1 9 ord] to ent] ^u negotiations t\*+ a pacification4 ,to effect ?is object1 rec\rse 0 _h to a negro1 "o ( ! ,exiles :o knew ,g5]al ,taylor1 & 9 :om ,g5]al ,taylor confid$4 ,at ! reque/ ( ,g5]al ,mc,comb1 ?is man 0 dispat*$ ) a fri5dly message to sev]al *iefs1 reque/+ !m to come into ! ,am]ican ,camp = ! purpose ( negotiation4 ,8 mission prov$ successful4 ,a ,c\ncil ( sev]al *iefs1 & "s =ty head m5 & w>riors1 0 conv5$ at ,=t ,k+1 on ! sixte5? ( ,may1 #ahci1 & ! t]ms ( peace agre$ ^u2 b no treaty appe>s to h be5 drawn up 9 =m4 ,on ! eighte5? ( ,may1 ,g5]al ,mc,comb1 at ,=t ,k+1 8 head-qu>t]s1 issu$ ! foll[+ g5]al ord]s3 ,,head ,,qu>t]s ,,( ,,! ,,army ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates1 ,=t ,k+1 ,florida1 ,may #ah1 #ahci4 ,! ,major ,g5]al1 comm&+ 9 *ief1 has ! satisfaction ( ann\nc+ to ! army 9 ,florida1 to ! au?orities ( ! ,t]ritory1 & to ! citiz5s g5]ally1 t he has ?is day t]m9at$ ! w> ) ! ,sem9ole ,indians by an agreem5t ent]$ into ) ,*itto-,tu/5uggee1 pr9cipal *ief ( ! ,sem9oles & successor to ,arpeika1 commonly call$ ,sam4 ,jones1 br\ght to ?is po/ by ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,h>ney1 #b;d ,dragoons1 f ! s\!rn "p ( ! p59sula4 ,! t]ms ( ! agreem5t are--t ho/ilities imm$iately cease betwe5 ! p>ties2 t ! troops ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,sem9ole & ,mickasukie *iefs & w>riors1 n[ at a di/ance1 be made acqua9t$ ) ! fact1 t peace exi/s1 & t all ho/ilities are =?) to cease on bo? sides--! ,sem9oles & ,mickasukies agree+ to retire into a di/rict ( c\ntry 9 ,florida1 bel[ ,pease ,creek1 ! b\nd>ies ( :i* are z foll[s3 viz1 beg9n+ at ! mo/ s\!rn po9t ( l& betwe5 ,*>lotte ,h>bor & ! ,sanybel or ,cooloosahat*ee ,riv]1 opposite to ,sanybel ,isl&2 !nce into ,*>lotte ,h>bor by ! s\!rn pass betwe5 ,p9e ,isl& & t po9t along ! ea/]n %ore ( said h>bor to ,toalk*opko or ,pease ,creek2 !nce up said creek to its s\rce2 !nce ea/]ly to ! nor!rn po9t ( ,lake ,i/okopoga2 !nce along ! ea/]n outlet ( said lake1 call$ ,i/okopoga ,creek1 to ! ,kissimee ,riv]2 !nce s\!rly d[n ! ,kissimee to ,lake ,okee*obee2 !nce s\? ?r\gh said lake to ,ecahlahatohee or ,%>k ,riv]2 !nce d[n said riv] we/w>dly to its m\?2 !nce along ! sea%ore nor?w>dly to ! place ( beg9n+2 t sixty days be all[$ ! ,indians1 nor? & ea/ ( t b\nd>y1 to remove _! families & effects into said di/rict1 :]e !y are to rema9 until fur!r arrangem5ts are made "u ! protection ( ! troops ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :o are to see t !y are n mole/$ by intrud]s1 citiz5s or =eign]s2 & t said ,indians d n pass ! limits assign$ !m1 except to visit ! po/s1 :i* w be h]eaft] indicat$ to !m4 ,all p]sons are1 !re=e1 =bidd5 to ent] ! di/rict assign$ to ! ,indians )\t writt5 p]mission ( "s comm&+ (fic] ( a milit>y po/4 ,by comm& ( ! ,g5]al3 ,,alex&] ,mc,c,o,m,b1 ,major ,g5]al ,comm&+4 ,,edmond ,,%riv]1 ,capta9 & ,a4 ,a4 ,g5]al4 ,! c\ntry n[ aga9 rejoic$ at :at ! p reg>d$ z ! re/oration ( peace4 ,by ! t]ms agre$ ^u1 ! ,indians reta9$ z l>ge a t]ritory 9 proportion to ! numb] left 9 ,florida z 0 held by !m at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w>4 ,! p ( ,florida _h orig9ally petition$ ,g5]al ,jackson = ! =cible removal ( ! ,indians1 because !y w\ld n seize & br+ 9 _! fugitive slaves4 ,!y _h prote/$ aga9/ peace ^u any t]ms t %\ld leave ! negroes1 :om !y claim$1 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry4 ,^! citiz5s ( ,florida _h long s9ce be5 driv5 f _! homes & firesides by ! enemy :om !y s mu* despis$2 & !y n[ desir$ peace4 ,! ,indians & ,exiles 7 also anxi\s to cultivate corn & potatoes = ! com+ w9t]1 & 7 glad to be able to d s 9 peace4 ,?us1 ! p ( ,florida1 z !y suppos$1 9 p]fect safety1 return$ to _! plantations1 & resum$ _! =m] habits ( life4 ,& ! political p>ty 9 possession ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 congratulat$ !mselves & ! c\ntry ^u ! =tunate conclusion ( a w> :i* _h involv$ !m 9 difficulties t 7 inexplicable4 ,b ?is quiet cont9u$ = a %ort "t only4 ,e>ly 9 ,july1 travel]s & express-rid]s 7 kill$ by small p>ties ( ,indians2 plantations 7 attack$ & ! occupants murd]$2 build+s burn$ & crops de/roy$2 families fl$ f _! homes1 leav+ all _! prop]ty1 9 ord] to assemble 9 villages 9 su* numb]s z to insure safety to _! p]sons2 & ! ,florida ,w> aga9 rag$ ) accumulat$ horrors4 ,z an illu/ration ( ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 c>ri$ on1 we quote ! foll[+3 ,,assi/ant ,,adjutant ,,g5]al',s ,,(fice1 ,,army ,,( ,,! ,,s\?1 ,=t ,brooke1 ,ea/ ,florida1 ,july #bi1 #ahci4 ,,sir3 ,x becomes my pa9ful duty to in=m y ( ! assass9ation ( ! great] "p ( ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,h>ney's deta*m5t1 by ! ,indians1 on ! morn+ ( ! #bc;d in/ant1 on ! ,coloosahat*ee ,riv]1 :]e !y _h gone1 9 accordance ) ! treaty at ,=t ,k+1 to e/abli% a trad+-h\se4 ,! p>ty consi/$ ( ab\t tw5ty-eight m51 arm$ ) ,colt's rifles2 !y 7 encamp$ on ! riv]1 b unprotect$ by def5ses ( any k9d1 &1 x is said1 )\t s5t9els4 ,! ,indians1 9 l>ge =ce1 made ! attack be=e ! dawn ( day1 & be=e reveill2 & x is suppos$ t ?irte5 ( ! m5 7 kill$1 among :om 7 ,major ,dalham & ,mr4 ,morgan1 sutl]s4 ,! rema9d]1 ) ,colonel ,h>ney1 escap$1 sev]al ( !m sev]ely w\nd$4 ,x 0 a complete surprise4 ,! ,comm&+ ,g5]al1 !re=e1 directs t y in/antly take measures to place ! def5ses at ,=t ,mellon 9 ! mo/ complete /ate ( repair1 & be ready at all times to repel attack1 %\ld "o be made4 ,no portion ( y\r comm& w1 9 future1 be suff]$ to leave ! g>rison except "u a /rong escort4 ,! deta*m5t w be imm$iately )drawn4 ,%\ld ,=t ,mellon prove unheal?y1 & ! surgeon recomm5d its ab&onm5t1 y are au?oriz$ to transf] ! g>rison1 & re9=ce "s ( ! neighbor+ po/s4 ,i am1 ,sir1 ,,geo4 ,h4 ,,griff91 ,assi/ant ,adjutant ,g5]al4 ,lieut5ant ,w4 ,k4 ,,hanson1 ,comm&+ at ,=t ,mellon4 ,! ,indians kill$ t5 m5 belong+ to ! milit>y s]vice1 & eight citiz5s1 employ$ by ! sutl]s2 :ile ,colonel ,h>ney & f\rte5 o!rs escap$4 ,! ,indians obta9$ f\rte5 rifles1 six c>b9es1 "s ?ree or f\r kegs ( p[d]1 & ab\t ?ree ?\s& doll>s wor? ( goods4 ,lieut5ant ,hanson1 comm&+ at ,=t ,mellon1 on receiv+ ! ord] :i* we h quot$1 seiz$ "s ?irty ,indians at t "t visit+ ,=t ,mellon1 & s5t !m imm$iately to ,*>le/on1 ,s\? ,c>ol9a2 :5ce !y 7 emb>k$ = ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 we/ ( ,arkansas1 :]e !y jo9$ _! bre?r51 :o /ill resid$ ^u ! ,*]okee ,t]ritory4 ,9 ^! transactions1 ! ,exiles :o rema9$ 9 ,florida appe> to h tak5 no "p1 at lea/ s f> z we are in=m$4 ,!y labor$ to obta9 ! treaty ( peace2 b su* 0 ! trea*]y ) :i* !y _h be5 treat$1 t !y w\ld n subject !mselves to ! p[] ( ! :ite p1 & 7 n ( c\rse pres5t at ! treaty2 nor 7 !y recogniz$ by ,g5]al ,mc,comb z a p>ty to ! treaty1 or 9 any way int]e/$ 9 its provisions4 ,inde$1 we are l$ to believe t ,g5]al ,mc,comb adopt$ ! policy on :i* ,g5]al ,taylor usually practic$1 ( recogniz+ no di/9ctions among prison]s or enemies4 ,! ,adm9i/ration appe>$ to be p>alyz$ "u ?is new demon/ration ( ! p[] & madness ( ! ,sem9oles4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w>1 "s (fic]s _h e/imat$ ! :ole numb] ( ,sem9oles at fifte5 hundr$1 & ! negroes z l[ z f\r hundr$4 ,!y _h n[ s5t "s two ?\s& ,indians & negroes to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry2 & yet ^? left 9 ,florida1 r5ew$ ! w> ) all ! savage b>b>ity :i* _h *>act]iz$ ! ,sem9oles 9 ! days ( _! greate/ p[]4 ,inde$1 !y exhibit$ no signs ( humiliation4 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,mr4 ,po9sett1 a ,s\? ,c>ol9ian1 probably ex]t$ m influ5ce ) ! ,presid5t 9 reg>d to ?is w> ?an any o!r (fic] ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,8 pr$ecessor1 ,g5]al ,cass1 _h treat$ ! ,exiles z m]e *attels1 hav+ no rights4 ,he _h advis$ ! employm5t ( ,creek ,indians1 giv+ !m su* negroes z !y might capture2 he _h (ficially approv$ ! contract made ) !m by ,g5]al ,jessup4 ,aft] he left ! (fice1 8 successor1 ,mr4 ,po9sett1 approv$ ! ord] pur*as+ "s n9ety ( !m on acc\nt ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,he _h advis$ ,watson to pur*ase !m2 _h done all 9 8 p[] to consign !m to slav]y 9 ,georgia4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 con/ra9$ to make an (ficial report ^u ! /ate ( ?is w>1 at ! op5+ ( ! fir/ session ( ! ,tw5ty-six? ,congress1 :i* assembl$ on ! fir/ ,monday ( ,decemb]1 #ahci4 ,t report1 :5 consid]$ 9 connection ) ! ev5ts :i* gave "* to ! ,florida ,w>1 con/itutes a mo/ extraord9>y pap]4 ,not)/&+ all ! difficulties :i* he _h enc\nt]$ 9 8 ef=ts to enslave ! ,exiles1 to prev5t at lea/ n9ety ( !m f go+ ,we/1 & ! compla9ts ( ! ,sem9oles :o _h emigrat$ to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 at f9d+ !mselves de/itute ( homes & ( t]ritory on :i* to settle1 he made no allusion to _! tr\bles2 nor did he give any intimation ( ! difficulties aris+ on acc\nt ( ! ,exiles2 nor did he ev5 intimate t su* a class ( p exi/$ 9 ,florida4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdj4 ,he decl>$ ! result ( ,g5]al ,mc,comb's negotiation _h be5 ! loss ( _m valuable lives4 ,our p 7said he7 fell a sacrifice to _! confid5ce 9 ! good fai? & promises ( ! ,indians1 & 7 entrapp$ & murd]$ ) all ! circum/ances ( cruelty & trea*]y :i* di/+ui% ,indian w>f>e4 99 99 99 ,! exp]i5ce ( ! la/ summ] br+s ) x ! pa9ful conviction1 t ! w> mu/ be prosecut$ until ,florida is fre$ f ^! ru?less savages4 ,_! late1 cruel & trea*]\s conduct is too well kn[n to require a repetition ( ! revolt+ recital2 x has be5 su* z is calculat$ to deprive !m ( ! sympa?y ( ! humane1 & conv9ce '! mo/ peaceable ( ! necessity ( subdu+ !m by =ce4 ,x appe>$ necess>y to raise ! cry ( trea*]y & cruelty aga9/ ! ,indians & ,exiles4 ,!y _h no fri5d :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ! facts1 t c\ld call att5tion ( ! nation to ! trea*]y :i* _h be5 practic$ on !m by ! ord]1 & ) ! approval1 ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,no man 0 able to say h[ _m fa!rs & mo!rs & *ildr5 71 by ! influ5ce ( t (fic]1 consign$ to a fate f> m cruel ?an t :i* await$ ! m51 "u ,colonel ,h>ney1 at ,coloosahat*ee4 ,9 8 report ! ,secret>y mo/ truly rem>k$3 ,if ! ,indians ( ,florida _h a c\ntry to retire to1 !y w\ld h be5 driv5 out ( ! ,t]ritory long ago2 b !y are hemm$ 9 by ! sea1 & mu/ def5d !mselves to ! utt]mo/1 or surr5d] to be transport$ beyond x4 ,& he might well h add$3 ,:5 !y %all be ?us transport$1 !y w h no c\ntry--no home4 ,inde$1 ! :ole report %[s t he reli$ on physical =ce to effect an ext]m9ation ( ! ,indians & _! allies2 he look$ n to ju/ice1 nor to ! p[] ( tru?1 = c>ry+ out ! designs ( ! ,executive4 ,m5 9 p[] appe> to =get t ju/ice sits en?ron$ above all human greatness2 t x is omnipot5t1 & w execute its appropriate "w ^u mank9d4 ,?us1 :ile ! p ( ,florida & ,georgia _h provok$ ! w>1 by kidnapp+ & enslav+ color$ m5 & wom51 to :om !y _h no m claim ?an !y _h to ! p ( ,engl&2 :ile !y _h s5t _! petition to ,g5]al ,jackson1 ask+ him to compel ! ,indians to seize & br+ 9 _! negroes1 & _h prote/$ aga9/ ! peace negotiat$ by ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 #ahcg2--,mr4 ,reid1 ,gov]nor ( ,florida1 9 an (ficial ,message to ! ,t]ritorial ,legislature1 9 ,decemb]1 #ahci1 us$ language s *>act]i/ic ( ^? :o support$ ! ,florida ,w>1 t we feel x j to him & 8 coadjutors to give ! foll[+ extract3 ,! ef=ts ( ! ,g5]al & ,t]ritorial ,gov]nm5ts to quell ! ,indian di/urbances :i* h prevail$ ?r\gh f\r long ye>s1 h be5 unavail+1 & x w\ld seem t ! prophecy ( ! mo/ sagaci\s lead] ( ! ,indians w be m ?an fulfill$2 ! close ( ! fif? ye> w /ill f9d u /ruggl+ 9 a conte/ rem>kable = magnanimity1 =be>ance & cr$ulity on ! "o side1 & f]ocity & bad fai? on ! o!r4 ,we are wag+ a w> ) bea/s ( prey2 ! tactics t belong to civiliz$ nations are b %ackles & fett]s 9 its prosecution2 we mu/ fight 'fire ) fire2' ! :ite man mu/1 9 a great measure1 adopt ! mode ( w>f>e pursu$ by ! r$ man1 & we c only hope = success by cont9ually h>rass+ & pursu+ ! enemy4 ,if we drive him f hommock to hommock1 f swamp to swamp1 & p5etrate ! recesses :]e 8 wom5 & *ildr5 are2 if1 9 self-def5se1 we %[ z little m]cy to him z he has %[n to u1 ! anxiety & surprise produc$ by su* op]ations w n fail1 x is believ$1 to produce prosp]\s results4 ,x is high "t t sickly s5tim5tality %\ld cease4 ',lo1 ! poor ,indian6' is ! exclamation ( ! fanatic1 pseudo-philan?ropi/2 ',lo1 ! poor :ite man6' is ! ejaculation :i* all w utt] :o h witness$ ! inhuman but*]y ( wom5 & *ildr51 & ! massacres t h dr5*$ ! ,t]ritory 9 blood4 ,9 ! future prosecution ( ! w>1 x is important t a g5]\s confid5ce %\ld be repos$ 9 ! ,g5]al ,gov]nm5t4 ,x may be t mi/akes & errors h be5 committ$ on all h&s2 b ! peculi> adaptation ( ! c\ntry to ! c[>dly sy/em ( ! foe1 & its inaptitude to ! op]ations ( a regul> army2 ! v>y+ & (t5 contradictory views & op9ions ( ! be/ in=m$ ( our citiz5s1 & ! emb>rassm5ts :i* ^! cases mu/ h produc$ to ! au?orities at ,wa%+ton1 furni% to ! imp>tial m9d "s excuse1 at lea/1 = ! failures :i* h hi!rto occurr$4 ,x is our duty to be less m9dful ( ! pa/ ?an ! future4 ,conv9c$ t ! pres5t incumb5t ( ! ,presid5tial ,*air reg>ds ) s9c]e & int5se int]e/ ! afflictions we endure2 rely+ ^u ! patriotism1 tal5t & s\nd judgm5t ( ! di/+ui%$ ,c>ol9ian :o presides ov] ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,w>1 & confid5t 9 ! wisdom ( ,congress1 let u prep>e to second1 ) e n]ve1 ! measures :i* may be devis$ = our relief4 ,feel+ z we d ! imm$iate pressure ( circum/ances1 let u ex]t1 to ! extreme/ po9t1 all our p[]s to rid u ( ! evil by :i* we are oppress$4 ,let u1 by a conciliatory c\rse1 endeavor to allay any unk9dnesses ( feel+ :i* may exi/ betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates army & ! militia ( ,florida1 & by union ( s5tim5t among ourselves1 advance ! happy p]iod :5 ! ,t]ritory %all enjoy :at %e s mu* ne$s--a long season ( peace & tranquillity4 ,p]haps no vice is m g5]al among mank9d ?an a desire to repres5t ourselves1 & our c\ntry & gov]nm5t1 to mank9d & to po/]ity z j & wise1 :atev] real tru? may dictate4 ,surely1 if ,g5]al ,jessup's (ficial reports be reg>d$ z correct1 ! p ( ,florida %\ld h be5 ! la/ ( all :o 7 conc]n$ 9 t w>1 to claim ! virtue ( magnanimity or =be>ance1 or to *>ge ! ,sem9oles or ,exiles ) f]ocity or bad fai?4 ,! expression t x is high "t t sickly s5tim5tality %\ld cease1 manife/s ! ideas :i* he ent]ta9$ ( /rict1 equal & imp>tial ju/ice to all m54 ,?is message 0 an appropriate introduction to ! legislative action :i* imm$iately succe$$ its publication4 ,x 0 t legislative body :i* fir/ gave (ficial sanction to ! policy ( obta9+ blood-h\nds f ,cuba to aid our troops 9 ! prosecution ( ?is w>4 ,( ?is atroci\s & b>b>\s policy mu* has be5 said & writt51 & its au?or%ip *>g$ ^u v>i\s m5 & (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,at ! "t ( ! transaction1 x 0 repres5t$ t ! blood-h\nds 7 obta9$ = ! purpose ( trail+ ! ,indians1 & hi/orians h s /at$2#abc b = v>i\s reasons1 we are con/ra9$ to believe !y 7 obta9$ = ! purpose ( trail+ negroes4 ,x 0 well kn[n t ^! animals 7 tra9$ to pursue negroes1 & only negroes4 ,!y w\ld no m foll[ ! track ( a :ite man ?an !y w\ld t ( a horse or an ox4 ,x 0 ! peculi> sc5t ( ! negro t !y _h be5 tra9$ & accu/om$ to foll[4 ,no man conc]n$ 9 obta9+ ^! animals1 c\ld h be5 ignorant t !y _h1 9 all probability1 nev] se5 an ,indian1 or smelt ! track ( any son ( ! =e/4 ,e slavehold] well und]/ood ! habits ( ^? f]oci\s dogs1 & ! mann] ( tra9+ !m1 & c\ld n h suppos$ !m capable ( be+ r5d]$ useful 9 captur+ ,indians4 ,! p ( ,florida appe> to h be5 /imulat$ 9 ! comm5cem5t & cont9uance ( ?is w> solely by a desire to obta9 slaves1 r ?an to fight ,indians2 & :ile act+ z militia or z individuals1 !y 7 f> m effici5t 9 captur+ negroes & claim+ ^? captur$ by o!r troops ?an 9 fac+ !m on ! field ( battle4 ,nor c we resi/ ! conviction1 t cat*+ negroes con/itut$1 9 ! m9d ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 ! object = :i* ^? animals 7 to be obta9$4 ,su* 0 evid5tly 8 purpose :5 he wrote ,colonel ,h>ney1 z quot$ 9 a =m] *apt]1 ,if y see ,p[ell 7,osceola71 tell him t ,i int5d to s5d explor+ & survey+ p>ties into e "p ( ! c\ntry dur+ ! summ]2 & t ,i %all s5d out & take all ! negroes :o belong to :ite p1 & he mu/ n all[ ! ,indians or ,indian negroes to mix ) !m4 ,tell him ,i am s5d+ to ,cuba = blood-h\nds to trail !m1 & ,i int5d to hang e "o ( !m :o does n come 94 ,we _c close our eyes to ! fact1 t ,g5]al ,jessup int5d$ ! blood-h\nds to be us$ 9 cat*+ ! negroes belong+ to ! :ite p1 z he said4 ,^? :ite p 7 mo/ly slavehold]s ( ,florida2 ^? :o propos$ 9 ! legislative assembly ( t t]ritory ! obta9+ ( ! animals1 & adopt$ a resolution au?oriz+ _! pur*ase4 ,!y did n wait = ! ,presid5t to act1 nor = ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 :om ! ,gov]nor ( ,florida *>act]iz$ z t di/+ui%$ ,c>ol9ian on ^: judgm5t & patriotism ! p ( ,florida s mu* reli$4#abd ,by resolution1 ,colonel ,fitzpatrick 0 au?oriz$ to proce$ to ,havana1 & procure a k5nel ( blood-h\nds1 not$ = track+ & pursu+ negroes4 ,he 0 =tunate 9 8 mission4 ,he n only obta9$ ! animals1 b he accompli%$ ! j\rney1 & rea*$ ,/4 ,augu/9e z e>ly z ! six? ( ,janu>y1 #ahdj1 ) a re9=cem5t = ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ?irty-?ree blood-h\nds well tra9$ to ! "w ( cat*+ negroes4 ,!y co/ precisely "o hundr$ & fifty-"o doll>s sev5ty-two c5ts1 ea*1 :5 l&$ 9 ,florida4 ,he also procur$ five ,spani>ds :o 7 accu/om$ to us+ ! animals 9 captur+ negroes2 & z ! dogs _h be5 tra9$ to ! ,spani% language1 !y w\ld h be5 useless "u ! control ( p]sons :o c\ld only speak ! dialect ( our own c\ntry4 ,! v g5]al error t exi/$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 at ! "t ( ?is transaction1 arose f a misappreh5sion ( ! facts4 ,!re _h be5 mu* said 9 reg>d to ^! blood-h\nds be=e !y 7 actually obta9$4 ,:5 ! report ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 "u ! resolution ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,janu>y1 #ahci1 0 publi%$1 conta9+ ! lett] ( ,g5]al ,jessup address$ to ,colonel ,h>ney1 :i* we h quot$1 _m memb]s ( ,congress appe>$ indignant at :at !y reg>d$ z a /a9 ^u our national honor 9 obta9+ & employ+ blood-h\nds to act 9 conc]t ) our troops & our ,indian allies 9 ?is w>4 ,p>ty feel+s ran high1 & s\!rn memb]s ( ,congress1 :o 7 act+ ) ! ,:ig p>ty1 7 will+ to seize ^u any circum/ance t w\ld reflect discr$itably ^u ! !n exi/+ ,adm9i/ration4 ,on ! tw5ty-sev5? day ( ,decemb]1 #ahci1 ! ,hon4 ,h5ry ,a4 ,wise1 a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives f ,virg9ia1 address$ a lett] to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 inquir+ z to facts relat+ to ! employm5t ( blood-h\nds 9 aid ( our troops4#abe ,to ?is lett] ,mr4 ,po9sett1 ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 repli$ on ! ?irtie? ( ,decemb]1 z foll[s3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,decemb] #bj1 #ahci4 ,,sir3 ,i h ! honor to ackn[l$ge ! receipt ( y\r lett] ( ! tw5ty-sev5? in/ant1 inquir+ into ! tru? ( ! ass]tion made by ! public pap]s1 t ! ,gov]nm5t _h det]m9$ to use blood-h\nds 9 ! w> aga9/ ! ,florida ,indians2 & beg to assure y x w give me great pleasure to give y all ! in=mation on ?is subject 9 possession ( ! ,dep>tm5t4 ,f ! "t ,i fir/ ent]$ ^u ! duties ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 ,i cont9u$ to receive lett]s f (fic]s comm&+ 9 ,florida1 z well z f ! mo/ enlight5$ citiz5s 9 t ,t]ritory1 urg+ ! employm5t ( blood-h\nds z ! mo/ effici5t means ( t]m9at+ ! atrocities daily p]petrat$ by ! ,indians on ! settl]s 9 t ,t]ritory4 ,to ^! proposals no answ] 0 giv51 until 9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 #ahch1 :ile at ! ,virg9ia ,spr+s1 !re 0 ref]r$ to me1 f ! ,dep>tm5t1 a lett]1 address$ to ! ,adjutant ,g5]al by ! (fic] comm&+ ! =ces 9 ,florida 7,g5]al ,taylor71 to ! foll[+ effect3 ,,head ,,qu>t]s ,,army ,,( ,,! ,,s\?1 ,=t ,brooke1 ,july #bh1 #ahch4 ,,sir3 ,i h ! honor to inclose y a communication ?is mom5t receiv$1 on ! subject ( procur+ blood-h\nds f ! ,isl& ( ,cuba to aid ! army 9 its op]ations aga9/ ! ho/iles 9 ,florida4 ,i am decid$ly 9 favor ( ! measure1 & beg leave to urge x z ! only means ( ridd+ ! c\ntry ( ! ,indians1 :o are n[ brok5 up into small p>ties t take %elt] 9 swamps & hommocks1 mak+ x impossible = u to foll[ or ov]take !m )\t ! aid ( su* auxili>ies4 ,%\ld ?is measure meet ! approbation ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 & ! necess>y au?ority be grant$1 ,i w op5 a correspond5ce ) ,mr4 ,ev]tson on ! subject1 ?r\gh ,major ,hunt1 ,assi/ant ,qu>t] ,ma/] at ,savannah1 & w au?orize him1 if x c be done on reasonable t]ms1 to employ a few dogs ) p]sons :o und]/& _! managem5t4 ,i wi% x di/9ctly und]/ood1 t my object 9 employ+ dogs is only to asc]ta9 :]e ! ,indians c be f\nd1 n to worry !m4 ,i h ! honor to be1 sir1 ,y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 ,z4 ,,taylor1 ,brev4 ,brig4 ,g54 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,comm&+4 ,g5]al ,r4 ,,jones1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,on ?is lett] ,i indors$ ! foll[+ decision1 :i* 0 communicat$ to ,g5]al ,taylor3 ',i h always be5 ( op9ion t dogs ought to be employ$ 9 ?is w>f>e to protect ! army f surprises & ambuscades1 & to track ! ,indian to 8 lurk+ place2 b suppos$ if ! ,g5]al believ$ !m to be necess>y1 he w\ld n hesitate to take measures to secure !m4 ,! cold-blood$ & inhuman murd]s lately p]petrat$ ^u helpless wom5 & *ildr5 by ^! ru?less savages1 r5d] x exp$i5t t e possible means %\ld be resort$ to1 9 ord] to protect ! p ( ,florida1 & to enable ! ,unit$ ,/ates =ces to foll[ & capture or de/roy ! savage & unrel5t+ foe4 ,g5]al ,taylor is !re=e au?oriz$ to procure su* numb] ( dogs z he may judge necess>y3 x be+ expressly und]/ood t !y are to be employ$ to track & discov] ! ,indians1 n to worry or de/roy !m4' ,?is is ! only action or correspond5ce1 on ! "p ( ! ,dep>tm5t1 t has ev] tak5 place 9 relation to ! matt]4 ,! ,g5]al took no measures to c>ry into effect 8 own recomm5dation1 & ?is ,dep>tm5t has nev] s9ce r5ew$ ! subject4 ,i cont9ue1 h[ev]1 to ent]ta9 ! op9ion express$ 9 ! above decision4 ,i d n believe t description ( dog1 call$ ! blood-h\nd1 necess>y to prev5t surprise or track ! ,indian murd]]2 b /ill ,i ?9k t e cab91 e milit>y po/1 & e deta*m5t1 %\ld be att5d$ by dogs4 ,t precaution might h sav$ ,dade's comm& f massacre1 & by giv+ timely w>n+ h prev5t$ _m ( ! cruel murd]s :i* h be5 committ$ by ! ,indians 9 middle ,florida4 ,! only successful pursuit ( ,indian murd]]s t ,i "k (1 01 on a late occasion1 :5 ! pursu]s 7 aid$ by ! sagacity ( _! dogs4 ,^! savages _h approa*$ a cab9 ( peaceful & indu/ri\s settl]s s /eal?ily1 t ! fir/ notice ( _! pres5ce 0 giv5 by a volley f _! rifles1 ?ru/ betwe5 ! logs ( ! h\se2 & ! "w ( dea? 0 f9i%$ by tomahawk+ ! wom51 aft] te>+ f !m _! infant *ildr51 & da%+ _! bra9s out aga9/ ! door po/s4 ,are ^! ru?less savages to escape & repeat su* sc5es ( blood1 because !y c elude our fell[ citiz5s 9 ,florida1 & our regul> soldi]s1 & baffle _! unaid$ ef=ts to ov]take or discov] !m8 ,on a late occasion1 ?ree ( our e/imable citiz5s 7 kill$ 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & "o (fic] ( di/+ui%$ m]it mortally w\nd$4 ,x is 9 evid5ce1 t ^! murd]s 7 committ$ by two ,indians1 :o1 aft] %oot+ d[n ! fa!r & beat+ out ! son's bra9s ) ! butts ( _! rifles1 ^u he>+ ! approa* ( ! volunte]s1 retir$ a few y>ds into ! woods & secret$ !mselves1 until ! troops return$ to t[n ) ! dead bodies ( ^? :o _h be5 ?us inhumanly & wantonly but*]$4 ,x is to be regrett$ t ?is corps _h n be5 accompani$ ) "o or two hunt]s1 :o1 ) _! dogs1 might h track$ ! blood-/a9$ foot/eps ( ^? ,indians2 h re/or$ to lib]ty ! captives !y 7 dragg+ away ) !m1 & h prev5t$ !m f ev] aga9 repeat+ su* atrocities2 nor c\ld ! sev]e/ casui/ object to our fell[ citiz5s 9 ,florida resort+ to su* measures1 9 ord] to protect ! lives ( _! wom5 & *ildr54 ,v respectfully1 ,y\r mo/ ob$i5t s]vant1 ,j4 ,r4 ,,po9sett4 ,hon4 ,,h5ry ,a4 ,,wise1 ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,x is no "p ( our pres5t duties to comm5t on ! code ( morals :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,w> _h adopt$4 ,he und\bt$ly felt1 t nei!r ! ,indians nor negroes possess$ any rights :i* :ite m5 7 b\nd to respect4 ,he 0 n1 he c\ld n1 h be5 ignorant ( ! cold-blood$ massacre ( ne>ly ?ree hundr$ ,exiles & ,indians at ,bl\nt's ,=t1 9 #ahaf2 nor ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! pres5t w> _h be5 br\ght on2 nor ( ! objects = :i* x 0 prosecut$2 nor does x appe> possible t he1 a l>ge slavehold] ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 c\ld h expect$ ^! blood-h\nds w\ld foll[ ! trail ( ,indians4 ,b we mu/ be> 9 m9d t he _h be5 exce$+ly vex$ ) ! indomitable resi/ance ( ! ,exiles4 ,!y appe>$ p]fectly det]m9$ n to be enslav$1 & t det]m9ation _h giv5 him mu* tr\ble2 & he mu/ h =ese5 ! defeat ( 8 p>ty 9 ! next ,presid5tial conte/1 %\ld all ^! facts become kn[n to ! public4 ,) ^! feel+s1 he 0 prep>$ to apply almo/ any epi!ts to ! ,indians1 z ! fri5ds & allies ( a p to ^: real "* he d>$ n publicly allude1 al?\gh !y 7 occasion+ ! ,adm9i/ration s mu* tr\ble4 ,hav+ %[n t no blood-h\nds _h be5 previ\sly employ$1 he proce$$ to argue ! propriety ( employ+ !m 9 future1 by adopt+ ! policy propos$ by ! ,legislature ( ,florida1 :o1 z we h already se51 _h tak5 measures to obta9 !m "s tw5ty days prior to ! date ( ?is communication4 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w> ?us exon]at$ himself & ! ,f$]al ,executive f ! responsibility ( employ+ blood-h\nds1 on ! ?irtie? ( ,decemb]2 & ! animals arriv$ 9 ,florida1 "u *>ge ( ,colonel ,fitzpatrick1 j "o week subsequ5tly to t date4 ,"o feature 0 mo/ obvi\s1 9 ! comm5cem5t & prosecution ( ?is w>3 we allude to ! v respectful1 almo/ obsequi\s ob$i5ce ( ! ,executive to ! popul> feel+ 9 favor ( slav]y1 9 e "p ( ! c\ntry :]e t in/itution exi/$4 ,?is w> _h be5 comm5c$ at ! in/ance ( ! p ( ,florida4 ,g5]al ,jessup attempt$ to *ange ! articles ( capitulation :i* he _h sign$1 :5 ! p ( ,florida prote/$ aga9/ peace1 unless att5d$ by a re/oration ( slaves2 & n[1 :5 ! popul> voice ( ! nation _h p>alyz$ ! ,executive arm 9 reg>d to obta9+ blood-h\nds1 ! p ( ,florida1 9 _! ,legislature1 took up ! subject & c>ri$ ! policy into practice1 s f> z to obta9 ! animals2 b t w\ld be ( no use unless !y c\ld be employ$ by ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,prep>atory to ?is adoption ( ! pur*ase made by ! ,legislature ( ,florida1 ,mr4 ,po9sett _h argu$ ! propriety ( _! employm5t1 9 8 lett] to ,mr4 ,wise2 & tw5ty-six days aft]w>ds1 he wrote ,g5]al ,taylor z foll[s3 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,jan'y #bf1 #ahdj4 ,,sir3 ,x is und]/ood by ! ,dep>tm5t1 al?\gh n (ficially in=m$ ( ! fact1 t ! au?orities ( ! ,t]ritory h import$ a pack ( blood-h\nds f ! ,isl& ( ,cuba4 ,& ,i ?9k x prop] to direct1 9 ! ev5t ( ^? dogs be+ employ$ by any (fic] or (fic]s "u y\r comm&1 t _! use be conf9$ altoge!r to track+ ! ,indians2 & 9 ord] to insure ?is1 & to prev5t ! possibility ( _! injur+ any p]son :atev]1 t !y be muzzl$ & held ) a lea% :ile foll[+ ! track ( ! enemy4 ,v respectfully1 ,y\r mo/ ob$i5t s]vant1 ,j4 ,r4 ,,po9sett4 ,brig4 ,g5'l ,z4 ,,taylor1 ,com'd'g ,army ( ! ,s\?1 ,florida4 ,f ! comm5cem5t ( ?is w>1 ! (fic]s ( our army _h f\nd x necess>y to employ p]sons :o c\ld communicate ) ! ,indians 9 _! own tongue4 ,?is 0 usually done ?r\gh negroes1 :o c\ld safely approa* bo? ,exiles & ,indians2 !y 71 9 fact1 ! only class ( p]sons :o c\ld safely g f our po/s to ^? ( ! enemy4 ,no ,indians c\ld d x unless by arrangem5t made ?r\gh ^? negroes2 inasmu* z ,creeks1 ,*ickasaws & ,*octaws 7 employ$ to act ) our troops 9 hunt+ d[n ! ,sem9oles1 :o %ot ^? ,creeks1 ,*octaws & ,*ickasaws1 :5 opportunity p]mitt$1 ) j z little c]emony z !y did :ite m54 ,:5 ^? negroes visit$ ! ,sem9oles1 !y 7 suppos$ to convey to !m z accurate intellig5ce 9 reg>d to our troops1 z !y br\ght back respect+ ! enemy's =ces2 !y 71 !re=e1 suppos$ to h put _! bre?r51 ! ,exiles1 ^u _! gu>d 9 respect to ! blood-h\nds4 ,und]/&+ p]fectly ! nature & education ( ^? animals1 x does n appe> v extraord9>y to u t ! ,exiles rema9$ = a "t 9 ! int]ior1 :]e nei!r blood-h\nds nor civiliz$ troops 7 accu/om$ to p5etrate4 ,?is policy ( ! ,exiles r5d]$ useless ! :ole exp5diture ( money & honor1 made 9 ! pur*ase ( blood-h\nds & ,spani>ds1 ) a view to _! capture4 ,b ! animals _h be5 obta9$1 & au?ority giv5 to our (fic]s to employ !m4 ,! ,spani>ds att5d$ !m4 ,! dogs 7 atta*$ to diff]5t regim5ts1 & f$ lib]ally on bloody meat2 "y calves 7 provid$1 & driv5 ) ea* sc\t+ p>ty1 to supply food = !m4 ,! ,spani>ds 7 suppli$ ) a suffici5t numb] ( assi/ants to keep ! dogs 9 _! lea%es4 ,?us provid$1 sev]al p>ties1 compos$ ( regul> troops1 militia1 ,indians1 ,spani>ds1 dogs & calves1 />t$ = ! int]ior4 ,_! m>*es cont9u$ 9 "s in/ances = days be=e !y f\nd ev5 ! track ( an enemy2 b :5 !y f\nd foot-pr9ts ( ,indians1 & ! dogs 7 look$ to ) confid5ce to lead on ! w>like ho/1 :ile "s m humble (fic]1 foll[+ ! can9e lead]s1 ,spani>ds & ,indians1 0 expect$ to be> al(t ! glori\s />s & /ripes1 z !y engag$ 9 deadly conflict ) ! wily foe2--lo6 j at t mom5t1 :5 all he>ts 7 palpitat+2 :ile hope 0 at its height2 :5 ! /]n resolve clo!d ea* br[ ) ! d>k sc[l ( battle1 ! dogs 7 bli! & frolicsome1 b paid no m att5tion to ! tracks ( ! ,indians ?an to ^? ( ! ponies on :i* !y sometimes rode4 ,?is gr& exp]im5t = clos+ ! ,florida ,w> 0 n[ pron\nc$ a dead failure2 & ! use ( dogs1 & calves1 & ,spani>ds1 0 disc>d$2 & ! :ole affair s]v$ no o!r purpose ?an to br+ odium ^u ! ,adm9i/ration1 & ridicule ^u ! (fic]s :o propos$ ! employm5t ( blood-h\nds to act z allies ( ! ,am]ican army4 ,g5]al ,taylor1 hav+ _h comm& ( ! army 9 ,florida ne>ly two ye>s1 & ! sickly season hav+ comm5c$1 reque/$ to be reliev$ f t responsible /ation4 ,8 reque/ 0 grant$1 & he left ,florida = 8 plantation 9 ,l\isiana4 ,brevet ,brigadi] ,g5]al ,armi/ead1 by ord] ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 assum$ ! position f :i* ,g5]al ,taylor retir$4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,ho/ilities ,,cont9u$4 ,presid5tial ,election ( #ahdj--,! ,w> discuss$ z "o ( ! issues--,effect on ! ,election--,publication ( ,jay's ,view--,action ( ! ,executive p>alyz$--,spani% ,indians--,de/ruction ( ,indian ,key--,troops inactive--,allies commit new depr$ations--,new ,exp$i5t--,its failure--,*iefs invit$ to ,=t ,k+--,exiles refuse to treat--,massacre ( ,lieut5ant ,%]wood & p>ty--,melan*oly fate ( ,mrs4 ,montgom]y--,:ite m5 disguis$ z ,indians--,murd] ( ,cora ,tu/5uggee--,ord] ( ,secret>y ( ,w>--,lett] to ,g5]al ,armi/ead--,brib]y ( ,indians--,mr4 ,?ompson's ,bill--,discussion ( ! causes ( ! ,w> 9 ,congress--,enemy f9d protection 9 l>ge swamps--,_! r5ew$ depr$ations--,g5]al di/ress--,p ( ,florida aga9 driv5 f _! homes--,employ$ 9 public s]vice--,_! ,slaves employ$--,!y become int]e/$ 9 cont9u+ ! ,w>4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdj4 ,! ,presid5tial election ( ?is ye> 0 conduct$ diff]5tly f any t _h prec$$ x4 ,! oppon5ts ( ,mr4 ,van ,bur5 arraign$ him be=e ! p = 8 extravagance 9 ! exp5diture ( ! public treasure1 & ! imm5se losses :i* ! nation su/a9$ by ! default & irresponsibility ( (fic]s appo9t$ by him4 ,x con/itutes an era 9 our political hi/ory1 f :i* we date ! practice ( call+ directly ^u ! p to pass judgm5t ( condemnation ^u ! action ( our ,national ,executive4 ,e honorable means 0 resort$ to = ! purpose ( expos+ ! errors ( ! ,adm9i/ration dur+ ! previ\s f\r ye>s4 ,among ! subjects made prom95t be=e ! c\ntry1 0 t ( ! extravagant exp5ditures 9 prosecut+ ! ,florida ,w>4 ,spee*es 7 made 9 ,congress expos+ ! v>i\s practices by :i* ! p's money 0 squ&]$ 9 t un=tunate conflict2 ! policy ( attempt+ to compel ! ,indians to emigrate1 & ! cruelty practic$ t[>ds !m1 7 comm5t$ on ) sev]ity4 ,^! spee*es 7 pr9t$ 9 pamphlet =m1 & s5t to ! p 9 va/ numb]s3 b ! real cause ( ! w>1 ! deep depravity ( t policy :i* s\ght ! enslavem5t ( ! ,exiles1 0 n m5tion$2 nor does x appe> t any memb] ( ,congress 0 consci\s1 ev51 t su* a p z ! ,exiles 0 liv+ 9 ,florida4#abf ,b1 nev]!less1 x is q c]ta9 t ?is w> prov$ "o ( ! pr9cipal causes ( ,mr4 ,van ,bur5's defeat2 &1 dur+ ! p5d5cy ( ! election1 ^! compla9ts p>alyz$ ! action ( ! ,executive4 ,ano!r cause op]at$ to call public att5tion to ! w>4 ,hon4 ,william ,jay1 ( ,new ,york1 publi%$ a small book ^u ! action ( our ,gov]nm5t 9 reg>d to slav]y4 ,x 0 a "w ( mu* m]it1 &1 com+ f ! p5 ( "o s intimately associat$ ) ! be/ int]e/s ( ! c\ntry1 x ex]t$ an influ5ce ^u ! public m9d4 ,x _h be5 publi%$ "s two or ?ree ye>s2 b at ! "t ( :i* we are writ+1 x attract$ att5tion 9 mo/ ( ! free ,/ates1 & gave public m5 to und]/& t _! (ficial acts 7 to be made kn[n to com+ g5]ations4 ,! intimate relation :i* ?is w> bore to slav]y1 r5d]$ e movem5t 9 reg>d to x dang]\s to ! ,executive "*1 & caus$ our army to be almo/ inactive = sev]al mon?s2 b ! allies1 driv5 to desp]ation1 prep>$ to wreak _! v5geance on e :ite p]son :o %\ld v5ture )9 _! rea*4 ,a small b&1 compos$ ( ,spani% negroes & ,indians1 among :om 7 said to be "s m>oons f ,cuba1 resid$ f> d[n 9 ! ,p59sula ( ,florida4 ,!y 7 call$ ,spani% ,indians1 & _h rema9$ neutral up to ! p]iod ( :i* we are speak+2 b f9d+ _! bre?r5 driv5 f _! own possessions1 & compell$ to encroa* ^u ! t]ritory s long occupi$ by !mselves1 !y took up arms aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,e vessel t happ5$ to be wreck$ ^u _! coa/ 0 plund]$1 & ! crews massacr$4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! sev5? ( ,augu/1 a numb] ( ^! p1 said to h be5 l$ on by ,spani% m>oons1 cross$ ov] to a small isl& call$ ,indian ,key1 situat$ at "s tw5ty miles di/ant f ! ma9 l&1 & attack$ ! dwell+s1 burn$ ! /oreh\ses1 & de/roy$ mo/ ( ! prop]ty belong+ to ! inhabitants4 ,!re 7 b f\r or five families resid5t on ! isl&4 ,( ^!1 ,dr4 ,p]r9e1 a man ( "s di/9ction1 0 murd]$ 9 8 own h\se2 b1 by 8 valor1 he enabl$ ! o!r memb]s ( 8 family to escape1 amid ! d>kness ( night4 ,! allies obta9$ mu* plund]1 b f\nd no p[d]1 :i* 0 said to h be5 ! pr9cipal object ( ! =ay4 ,dur+ ! summ] & autumn1 our troops 9 ,florida 7 inactive4 ,! season 0 sickly1 & ! (fic]s & m5 lay sup9ely 9 _! encampm5ts4 ,! enemy felt secure 9 _! /rong-holds--sally+ =? 9 occasional =ays1 murd]+ ! p1 & plund]+ ! settlem5ts ) impunity4 ,! ,adm9i/ration appe>$ a/oni%$ at ! audacity ) :i* a few ,indians & negroes hurl$ defiance at our army & ! nation4 ,! exp$i5t ( employ+ savages to assi/ 9 ! w> _h fail$2 ! m que/ionable policy ( employ+ blood-h\nds1 _h n only fail$1 b 0 suppos$ by _m to reflect discr$it ^u ! army & nation4 ,ne>ly five ?\s& troops 7 kept 9 ,florida1 ma9ta9$ at va/ exp5se2 b !y c\ld nei!r conqu] ! ,indians1 nor ev5 protect ! :ite p4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! ,executive saw b "o res\rce2 ( t he avail$ himself4 ,by 8 direction1 twelve ,sem9ole & ,mickasukie ,indians1 :o _h emigrat$ ,we/1 7 induc$ by suffici5t pecuni>y consid]ations to leave _! families 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry & return to ,florida1 = ! purpose ( p]suad+ ! ,indians & ,exiles to emigrate4 ,?us1 aft] f\r ye>s ( w> & con/ant exp5diture ( blood & treasure1 ! ,presid5t discov]$ t moral p[] is great] & /rong] ?an physical viol5ce4 ,b ?is discov]y came too late4 ,he c\ld no long] d ju/ice to ^? fa!rs & mo!rs & *ildr5 :o _h be5 sla91 nor to ^? :o _h be5 enslav$2 :o _h be5 tak5 f> into ! int]ior1 sold & transf]r$ f h& to h& l brutes4 ,!y _h pass$ f ,executive control4 ,! crime n[ /a9$ our national escut*eon1 & no ef=t c\ld wa% x out4 ,! v means :i* he adopt$ to close ! w>1 op]at$ to prolong x4 ,^! ,sem9oles & ,mickasukies in=m$ _! bre?r5 ( _! own condition1 ( ! mann] 9 :i* !y 7 treat$1 & ! violations ( fai? on ! "p ( our ,gov]nm5t 9 n giv+ !m a t]ritory = _! sep>ate use1 z /ipulat$ 9 ! treaty1 & con/antly repres5t$ to !m by our (fic]s2 t !y 7 )\t a home & )\t a c\ntry1 resid+ on ,*]okee l&s1 "u ,*]okee protection1 to prev5t ! ,creeks f enslav+ _! fri5ds1 ! ,exiles4 ,_m (fic]s at ! "t d\bt$ _! desire to induce ! emigration ( _! bre?r54#abg ,!y1 h[ev]1 obta9$ an int]view betwe5 ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al & two ,sem9ole *iefs at ,=t ,k+4 ,! *iefs 7 att5d$ by "s =ty w>riors1 :o rema9$ 9 t vic9ity f\r or five days1 receiv+ food & articles ( clo?+ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 b !y sudd5ly disappe>$1 & x 0 believ$ !y orig9ally came ) ho/ile1 r ?an pacific1 int5tions4 ,:5 x 0 f\nd !y _h left cl&e/9ely1 ! troops attempt$ to foll[ !m1 b 7 unable to f9d any traces ( _! flight4 ,:ile ^! ?+s 7 transpir+1 ! army lay idle 9 _! qu>t]s2 nei!r ! ,executive1 nor ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 nor ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al1 kn[+ :at to d4 ,! ,exiles le>n$ f ! ,sem9oles & ,mickasukies1 :o visit$ !m f ! ,we/1 t _m ( _! bre?r5 :o surr5d]$ "u ! articles ( capitulation1 _h be5 renslav$1 9 violation ( our plight$ fai?2 & !y refus$ to hold fur!r int]c\rse ) ! ag5ts ( our ,gov]nm5t4 ,to !m !re appe>$ b "o alt]native--victory or dea?2 & !y greatly pref]r$ ! latt] to slav]y4 ,tak+ _! families f> into ! int]ior1 !y ha/5$ to r5ew ! w> ) vigor & en]gy4 ,a p>ty ( "s ?irty ,indians & ,exiles 7 lurk+ ab\t ,micanopy1 :51 on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,decemb]1 ,lieut5ant ,%]wood1 ,lieut5ant ,hopson1 ,s]geant ,major ,c>rol1 & t5 privates ( ! #g? ,infantry1 left ,micanopy = ! purpose ( escort+ ,mrs4 ,montgom]y1 wife ( a ,lieut5ant ( t regim5t1 ?r\gh ! =e/ to ,watkahoota1 eight miles di/ant4 ,! lady 0 on horseback1 :ile o!rs ( ! p>ty rode 9 a wagon drawn by mules1 & "s m>*$ on foot4 ,! enemy hav+ obs]v$ _! movem5ts1 prec$$ !m to a hommock1 ab\t f\r miles f ,micanopy1 :]e !y secret$ !mselves1 & await$ ! approa* ( ,mrs4 ,montgom]y & p>ty4 ,:5 !y 7 fairly )9 ! hommock1 ?r\gh :i* ! road pass$1 !y 7 fir$ ^u1 & two privates fell dead4 ,! w>-:oop 0 rais$1 & ! little p>ty f\nd !mselves confront$ by savages4 ,lieut5ant ,%]wood is said to h ralli$ 8 escort ) promptness4 ,mrs4 ,montgom]y1 attempt+ to get into ! wagon1 0 %ot dead4 ,%]wood v discreetly retreat$ to ! op5 =e/1 & dispat*$ ,lieut5ant ,hopson to ,micanopy = a re9=cem5t4 ,kn[+ ! impossibility ( retreat+ f ,indians1 & consci\s t !y gave no qu>t]1 he bravely det]m9$ to def5d himself or die on ! field4 ,b 8 assailants numb]$ ?ree times z _m w>riors z he _h4 ,!y out-flank$ & surr\nd$ 8 ill-fat$ p>ty1 all ( :om ) himself fell victims to t policy :i* _h br\ght ?is w>1 ) all its crimes1 ^u our nation4 ,we _c )hold our sympa?y f ^? patriotic m5 :o ent] ! public s]vice expect+ to act 9 an honorable sph]e 9 favor ( j measures2 b :o are (t5 made ! in/rum5ts ( inju/ice1 & _! lives sacrific$ to ! _s & policy ( oppression4 ,our (fic]s & soldi]s1 s]v+ 9 ?is ,florida ,w>1 7 duly consci\s ( ! di%onorable employm5t 9 :i* !y 7 engag$2 t !y 7 daily subject$ to dang]s & dea? = ! purpose ( enabl+ ! p ( ,florida to seize m5 & wom51 & sell !m into int]m9able bondage4 ,(fic]s & m5 :o w\ld *e]fully meet dang] & dea? ^u ! field ( honorable w>f>e 9 def5se ( fre$om1 7 compell$ to meet dea? 9 all its v>i\s & revolt+ =ms 9 ,florida to uphold oppression1 to su/a9 an in/itution :i* !y abhorr$2 nor c we wond] t ! consci\sness ( ^! facts %\ld h creat$ a feel+ ( ho/ility betwe5 our regul> troops & ! slavehold]s ( ,florida1 :o 7 con/antly *>g+ !m ) ineffici5cy & want ( en]gy 9 ! capture ( negroes4 ,?is feel+ ran s high t ! :ite m5 ( ,florida 7 *>g$ ) disguis+ !mselves z ,indians1 & actually committ+ murd]s & robb]ies ^u mail c>ri]s & express rid]s1 9 ord] to cont9ue ho/ilities & keep up ! w>4#abh ,?is feel+ greatly increas$ ! emb>rassm5t ( ! ,executive4 ,a *ief nam$ ,cora ,tu/5uggee1 aft] due consultation ) ! int]pret]s s5t to induce him to emigrate1 conclud$ to surr5d]1 & g ,we/4 ,he collect$ 8 b&1 numb]+ ab\t "o hundr$ 9 all4 ,among !m 7 "s half bre$s1 desc5dants ( ! pione] ,exiles4 ,!y _h int]m>ri$ ) ,indians ( ?is b&1 & 7 treat$ z ,indians4 ,:ile on _! way to "o ( our po/s1 ne> ,palaklikaha ,lake1 !y 7 fir$ ^u by a p>ty at dragoons :o 7 said to h be5 consci\s ( ! int5tions ( ! ,indians4 ,?is suppos$ violation ( fai? 0 greatly aggravat$ by ! subsequ5t wanton murd] ( ! *ief1 aft] he & 8 b& _h quietly submitt$ z prison]s4 ,^! p 7 imm$iately s5t to ,tampa ,bay1 & !n emb>k$ = ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 :]e !y jo9$ _! bre?r51 /ill resid5t on ! ,*]okee l&s1 & "u ,*]okee protection4 ,! ,presid5tial election be+ pa/1 ! ,executive felt m untrammel$2 & ,mr4 ,po9sett1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 resi/+ ! in/ruction :i* he might h drawn f f\r ye>s ( un=tunate exp]i5ce1 appe>s to h det]m9$ to leave ?is ,florida ,w> 9 z unpromis+ condition z he f\nd x4 ,he s5t in/ructions to ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al to r5ew ! w> ) :atev] =ce he c\ld br+ into ! field4 ,x is a some:at s+ul> fact1 t :5 ! ,secret>y und]/ood1 & ! c\ntry 0 fully in=m$1 t he w\ld leave ! ,dep>tm5t on ! f\r? ( ,m>*1 he wrote ! comm&+ (fic] on ! eighte5? ( ,febru>y1 ?irte5 days prior to 8 own political dissolution1 say+1 ,! ,dep>tm5t ent]ta9s ! well-gr\nd$ hope t y w be able to br+ ! w> to a close ^u ! t]ms requir$ by ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+1 & by ! int]e/s & feel+s ( ! p ( ,florida4 ,! read] mu/ be aw>e t ! feel+s & int]e/s ( ! p ( ,florida requir$ ! capture & enslavem5t ( ! ,exiles2 = :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,w> _h s long labor$1 & :i* appe>$ to be 8 rul+ passion--/rong 9 ! h\r ( 8 political dea?4 ,to effect ?is object1 rec\rse 0 _h to ! brib]y ( c]ta9 *iefs4 ,money 0 n[ (f]$ c]ta9 influ5tial m5 ( ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles to induce !m to ex]t _! influ5ce ) _! fri5ds to emigrate4 ,x 0 report$ t slaves :o _h b a few ye>s s9ce left _! ma/]s1 & int]m>ri$ ) ! ,sem9oles1 d>e n surr5d]1 kn[+ t slav]y await$ su* act4 ,)\t !m1 _! relatives & connexions w\ld n remove4 ,x 0 !re=e propos$ t ,congress %\ld make an appropriation = ! purpose ( pur*as+ su* ,exiles2 yet ! bill mak+ x 0 g5]al 9 its provisions1 grant+ a hundr$ ?\s& doll>s to be exp5d$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,w> = ! subsi/5ce & b5efit ( c]ta9 *iefs & w>riors ( ! ,sem9ole ,indians :o wi%$ to emigrate4 ,! subsi/5ce ( su* emigrants 0 provid$ = 9 o!r bills2 b ! b5efits = :i* ?is money 0 to be exp5d$ 0 to pur*ase ! pret5d$ int]e/ ( c]ta9 :ite m5 to individual ,exiles :om !y claim$ z prop]ty4 ,by ?us disguis+ ! real int5tion & object ( ! bill1 x 0 evid5tly expect$ x w\ld pass )\t scrut9y1 "u ! rules :i* prohibit$ ! discussion ( all que/ions involv+ ! subject ( slav]y4 ,! bett] to c>ry out ?is design1 ,hon4 ,waddy ,?ompson ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 a ,:ig memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 b fully sympa?iz+ ) ! ,executive 9 8 policy ( conduct+ ! w> 9 ! mann] requir$ by ! int]e/s & feel+s ( ! p ( ,florida1 0 reg>d$ z ! prop] ag5t to introduce ! bill & sup]9t5d its passage4 ,sid5ote3 #ahda4 ,! in=mation f\nd 9 ! public docum5ts _h awak5$ previ\s inve/igation2 & :5 ?is bill came up = action 7,feb4 #i71 ! policy ( ?is w>1 ) ! causes :i* l$ to its comm5cem5t1 7 expos$4 ,e ef=t 0 made by slavehold+ memb]s to prev5t ! public discussion ( ?is subject4 ,!y insi/$ t ! gag-rules1 z !y 7 call$1 prohibit+ ! discussion ( slav]y1 =bid ?is exposure2 b ! presid+ (fic] 7,mr4 ,clif=d ( ,ma9e7 adh]+ to ! p>liam5t>y law1 decid$ t an exam9ation ( ! causes :i* l$ to ! w> 0 legitimate1 & ! discussion proce$$4 ,?is discussion 0 publi%$ & widely circulat$ among ! p2 & is suppos$ to h giv5 to ! public ! fir/ in=mation t\*+ ! real causes ( ! w>4#abi ,! bill pass$ by a l>ge majority2 & ! report ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w> ! next ye>1 %[+ ! exp5ditures ( 8 dep>tm5t1 exhibit$ ! mann] 9 :i* ! money appropriat$ & entru/$ to 8 c>e 0 exp5d$4 ,ano!r bill1 h[ev]1 mak+ an appropriation ( m ?an a million ( doll>s = suppress+ ,indian ho/ilities 9 ,florida 0 pass$1 giv+ to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t all ! p[]s desir$ = brib]y1 & tempt+ ,indian *iefs to emigrate to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,by ref]5ce to ! map ( ,florida1 x w be p]ceiv$ t ! great swamps1 ext5sive ev]glades1 hommocks1 ponds & lakes1 :i* spread ov] t ,t]ritory1 mu/ pres5t great difficulties 9 ! progress ( troops embodi$ 9 milit>y =ce2 :ile a small p>ty1 foll[+ ! foot/eps ( _! lead]1 w\ld pass ov]1 ar\nd or ?r\gh !m ) facility4 ,! ,great ,okef5oka ,swamp1 ly+ on ! s\? l9e ( ,georgia & ! nor!rn portion ( ,florida1 af=d$ a retreat = small p>ties ( ,indians & ,exiles1 f :i* !y salli$ =? & committ$ depr$ations ^u ! p ( s\!rn ,georgia1 murd]+ families1 burn+ build+s & deva/at+ plantations4 ,! swamps bord]+ on ! ,)lacoo*ee1 ! ,great ,wahoo ,swamp1 & o!r fa/nesses on ! we/]n portion ( ! ,p59sula1 gave %elt] to o!r b&s1 :o1 9 l mann]1 wreak$ _! v5geance ^u ! inhabitants ( t portion ( ! ,t]ritory4 ,s also ! ,big ,cypress ,swamp1 ly+ f>!r s\?1 af=d$ %elt] = o!rs1 :o laid wa/e ! settlem5ts along ! ,/4 ,john's ,riv]1 & 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,atlantic ,coa/4 ,f ^!1 & num]\s o!r /rong-holds1 ! ,indians & _! allies came =? 9 small b&s1 spread+ deva/ation & dea? ?r\gh\t ! ,t]ritory & ! s\!rn portion ( ,georgia4 ,! p ( ,florida :o _h s\ght ?is w>1 & prote/$ aga9/ peace except on su* t]ms z w\ld secure !m 9 ! ex]cise ( t oppression :i* !y deem$ s necess>y to _! happ9ess1 n[ felt ! full =ce ( t appropriate p5alty :i* "s philosoph]s believe atta*es to e violation ( ! law ( righte\sness4 ,"s di$ by ! h&s ( ! v individuals :om !y _h oppress$1 & :om !y aga9 s\ght to enslave2 o!rs 7 aga9 driv5 f _! homes1 unable ev5 to obta9 food2 _! wives & *ildr5 receiv+ rations f ! public /ores1 & subsi/+ by ! *>ity ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b ?is condition ( ?+s sup]9duc$ ano!r mo/ extraord9>y feature ( ?is w>4 ,our (fic]s1 & ! ,executive1 naturally feel+ "s degree ( sympa?y = a p ?us driv5 f _! homes1 on :om ! evils ( w> fell ) s mu* =ce1 ext5d$ to !m e aid 9 _! p[]4 ,"s 7 employ$ 9 ! ,commiss>y's ,dep>tm5t2 "s z contractors = transport+ provisions2 & o!rs z att5dants ^u ! army 9 all ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( s]vice1 s num]\s 9 a "t ( w>4 ,ev5 ! slaves :o rema9$ 9 ! s]vice ( _! ma/]s 7 employ$ by ! (fic]s z guides1 int]pret]s & employees at high wages4 ,9 ?is mann] !y e>n$ = _! own]s f> m ?an !y c\ld by labor ^u plantations4 ,?is sy/em 0 c>ri$ s f>1 t ! w> actually af=d$ to _m great] pr(its ?an !y c\ld acquire 9 any o!r way2 & consequ5tly x became a matt] ( int]e/ ) su* m5 to prolong ho/ilities1 & !y 7 said to ex]t all _! influ5ce to effect t object4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,ho/ilities ,,cont9u$4 ,g5]al ,h>rison assumes ! duties ( ,*ief ,executive--,mu* expect$ ( him--,8 sudd5 dea?--,8 successor--,political feel+--,g5]al ,armi/ead retires--,is succe$$ by ,g5]al ,wor?--,in/ructions to ,g5]al ,wor?--,he dis*>ges all unnecess>y employees--,halec ,tu/5uggee--,g5]al ,wor?'s attempt to capture him--,wild ,cat--,8 "* & adv5tures--,g5]al ,wor? s5ds message to him--,he & "s companions come 9--,8 mann] & be>+--,meets 8 daught]--,int]e/+ sc5e--,is seiz$ by ,colonel ,*ilds--,plac$ 9 irons & s5t to ,new ,orleans--,g5]al ,wor? ord]s 8 return--,meets him at ,tampa ,bay--,arrangem5ts--,wild ,cat s5ds mess5g]s to 8 fri5ds--,sympa?y = him--,*ief ,micco--,he br+s 9 8 p--,wild ,cat's b& comes 9--,he is releas$ f 8 irons--,meets 8 fri5ds--,8 wife & *ild--,g5]al ,jessup's policy z to ,exiles--,consults ,wild ,cat--,hospet>*e & ,tig]-tail--,otulke comes 9--,hospet>*e is suspici\s--,wild ,cat br+s him 9--,army suff]s f sickness--,g5]al *ange ( policy f t adopt$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,w>--,army r$uc$--,wild ,cat visits ,tig]-tail--,s+ul> adv5ture--,emb>kation ( ,emigrants--,p>t+ sc5e betwe5 ,wild ,cat & ,g5]al ,wor?--,! ,emigrants rea* ,=t ,gibson & jo9 _! fri5ds--,wild ,cat's position 9 8 new home4 ,sid5ote3 #ahda4 ,on ! f\r? ( ,m>*1 ,g5]al ,h>rison 0 inaugurat$ ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,mu* 0 expect$ ( him 9 reg>d to ! w>4 ,! ,:igs _h condemn$ x ?r\gh\t ! ,presid5tial /ruggle1 & x 0 anticipat$ t he w\ld br+ x to a successful & honorable t]m9ation2 b be=e he ev5 ent]$ ^u ! consid]ation ( ?is subject1 he 0 call$ f ?is to ano!r sph]e ( exi/5ce1 & 0 succe$$ by ! !n ,vice ,presid5t1 ,john ,tyl]1 ( ,virg9ia4 ,nor is x easy to see :at great re=m ,g5]al ,h>rison c\ld h effect$ 9 reg>d to ?is w>1 _h he liv$ to complete 8 t]m ( s]vice4 ,! policy ( s direct+ ! en]gies ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t z to support ! int]e/s ( slav]y1 _h long exi/$2 he 0 n expect$ to make any sub/antial *anges 9 t respect4 ,b :atev] may h be5 8 designs1 he _h no opportunity to c>ry !m into effect2 & ,mr4 ,tyl]1 aft] com+ into (fice1 soon ceas$ to enjoy ! confid5ce ( ! ,:ig p>ty1 :o g5]ally decl>$ !mselves no long] responsible = 8 acts4 ,! new ,adm9i/ration soon id5tifi$ itself ) ?is w> by ! foll[+ ord]3 ,,adjutant ,,g5]al',s ,,(fice1 ,wa%+ton ,city1 ,may #ai1 #ahda4 ,,sir3 ,brigadi] ,g5]al ,armi/ead1 be+ ab\t to rel9qui% ! comm& ( ! ,florida ,army1 z y w see by ! in/ructions communicat$ to him ( ?is date1 ( :i* a copy is h]e) enclos$2 z ! (fic] next 9 rank1 y w relieve him & assume ! comm& accord+ly4 ,i am direct$1 by ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 to advise y ( ! e>ne/ desire ( ! ,dep>tm5t to t]m9ate1 z spe$ily z possible1 ! protract$ ho/ilities 9 ,florida1 & to cause ! mo/ p]fect protection & security to be giv5 to ! fronti]s1 & to ^? citiz5s :o may be dispos$ to p5etrate ! c\ntry1 = lawful purposes ( trade or settlem5t4 ,= ! atta9m5t ( ^! important objects1 y are consid]$ z be+ clo!d ) all ! p[]s ( a comm&] 9 ! field1 "u ! laws & regulations ( ! army4 ,x is expect$ ! troops "u y\r comm& w be kept 9 a p]fect /ate ( discipl9e1 & t y make su* disposition ( !m z to be 9 read9ess to meet any cont+5cy t may all = active & en]getic movem5ts1 ! execution ( :i* is left entirely at y\r own discretion4 ,if y %\ld deem x indisp5sable = ! protection ( ! fronti]1 ! ,presid5t directs t y make a requisition ^u ! ,gov]nor ( ,florida = militia1 n exce$+ "o regim5t1 :i*1 if call$ out1 y w cause to be mu/]$ into ! s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 ! mann] prescrib$ by ! regulations1 = any p]iod au?oriz$ by ! con/itution & laws4 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 plac+1 z he does1 entire confid5ce 9 y\r ability & patriotism1 desires me to say1 t e possible aid & support w be af=d$ to enable y to br+ to a close ?is protract$ & mo/ emb>rass+ w>4 ,z ! comm&] ( ,florida1 y w ex]cise a s\nd discretion 9 ! use ( ! means plac$ at y\r disposal2 & :ile ^! %\ld be employ$ ) ! greate/ effici5cy1 ! ,secret>y ( ,w> directs t y w1 consi/5tly ) ! prim>y object 9 view1 dim9i%1 9 a _s ( s\nd economy1 all unnecess>y dra9s ^u ! ,treasury1 by dis*>g+ all p]sons employ$ 9 a civil capacity ^: s]vices y %all n deem indisp5sable to ! duties ( y\r comm&1 & by regulat+ & r$uc+ z f> z practicable all o!r exp5ses1 9 accordance ) ! j expectations ( ! ,gov]nm5t & ! c\ntry4 ,i am1 ,sir1 y\r ob$i5t s]vant1 7,sign$7 ,r4 ,,jones1 ,adjutant ,g5]al4 ,col4 ,j4 ,w4 ,,wor?1 #h? ,infantry1 ,tampa1 ,florida4 ,g5]al ,wor? n[ appli$ himself1 ) comm5dable zeal1 to ! "w assign$ him4 ,8 fir/ object 0 to dis*>ge all employees n necess>y to ! op]ations ( ! army1 & 9 e dep>tm5t to curtail ! exp5ditures z f> z possible2 !reby r5d]+ ! w> unpr(itable to ^? :o _h be5 seek+ to prolong x4 ,e>ly 9 ,june he issu$ ! foll[+ ord]3 ,,head ,,qu>t]s1 ,,army ,,( ,,! ,,s\?1 ,no4 #a4 ,=t ,k+1 ,june #h1 #ahda4 ,i4 ,h]eaft] no exp5ditures ( money w be made on acc\nt ( b>racks-qu>t]s1 or o!r build+s at tempor>y po/s1 except = su* slight cov]+ z may be indisp5sably necess>y = ! protection ( ! sick & security ( ! public /ores1 )\t previ\s ref]5ce to1 & au?ority obta9$ f1 head-qu>t]s4 ,,ii4 ,all safe-gu>ds or passports grant$ to ,indians prior to ?is date1 are h]eby revok$4 ,any ,indian pres5t+ himself at any po/1 w be seiz$ & held 9 /rict conf9em5t1 except :5 comm&+ (fic]s may1 9 ! ex]cise ( s\nd discretion1 deem x advisable to s5d out an individual runn] to communicate ) o!rs4 ,,iii4 ,:5 ! g>risons are n too mu* r$uc$ by sickness1 deta*m5ts w be s5t out z (t5 z once 9 sev5 days1 or m frequ5tly if circum/ances indicate a necessity1 to sc\r & exam9e 9 all directions to ! di/ance ( eight or t5 miles4 ,,iv4 ,all re/ra9ts h]et(ore impos$ ^u di/rict comm&]s1 9 respect to (f5sive field op]ations1 are h]eby revok$2 on ! contr>y1 ! utmo/ activity & ent]prise is enjo9$4 ,di/rict comm&]s w give in/ructions to comm&]s ( po/s accord+ly4 ,v4 ,brief reports ( ! op]ations c>ri$ on "u ! =ego+ ord]s1 sett+ =? ! /r5g? ( ! deta*m5ts1 & by :om comm&$1 ) su* obs]vations z may be deem$ useful or int]e/+ to ! s]vice1 w be made to di/rict comm&]s on ! #aj?1 #bj?1 & la/ ( e mon?1 by :om !y w be transmitt$ to ^! head-qu>t]s4 ,by ord] ( ,colonel ,,wor?3 7,sign$7 ,g4 ,,wright1 ,capt4 #h? ,infantry1 & ,a4 ,a4 ,a4 ,g5]al4 ,halec ,tu/5uggee 0 reg>d$ z ! mo/ active & v9dictive ( ! ho/ile *iefs4 ,among 8 foll[]s 7 "s =ty ,indian w>riors & t5 or twelve ,exiles capable ( be>+ arms4 ,!y & _! families1 numb]+ 9 all "s two hundr$ s\ls1 7 suppos$ to be some:]e 9 ! neighborhood ( ,lake ,fonee-,safakee1 among ! ext5sive swamps & hommocks ( t region4 ,"s few ( ?is b& _h surr5d]$ & gone ,we/4 ,among ^? :o came 9 to ,=t ,jupit] = ! purpose ( emigrat+1 7 sev]al ,exiles :o _h be5 born 9 t region1 & _h ev] be5 connect$ ) ?is small tribe4 ,"s ( ^? :o _h previ\sly surr5d]$1 7 reta9$ z guides & int]pret]s1 ) ! expectation t !y might be made useful 9 p]suad+ _! fri5ds to emigrate also4 ,x 0 ?\ght v desirable to capture ?is b&1 if possible2 & guides1 & int]pret]s1 & sc\ts 7 s5t 9 e direction1 :]e x 0 suppos$ !y might be discov]$1 9 ord] to op5 a communication ) !m4 ,at l5g? x 0 report$ t a trail _h be5 discov]$ lead+ to "o ( _! favorite haunts1 :]e x 0 believ$ !y might be f\nd4 ,we _c bett] exhibit ! dang]s :i* con/antly beset ! ,exiles :o rema9$ ho/ile1 or ! vigilance ) :i* !y & _! fri5ds wat*$ = _! own safety1 ?an by giv+ a %ort acc\nt ( ,colonel ,wor?'s exp$ition = ! capture ( ?is small p>ty1 :i* we copy f ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>4 ,says t au?or3 ,! negro guides1 rec5tly ( ! b&1 repres5t$ x z 8 favorite resort f its seclusion1 :]e he held 8 gre5 corn dances & c\ncils4 ,measures 7 at once adopt$ to foll[ x up4 ,colonel ,wor?1 ) "o hundr$ m5 ( ! #b;d ,infantry1 accompani$ by ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,riley & ,major ,plympton1 toge!r ) ,capta9 ,b4 ,l4 ,beall's company #b;d ,dragoons1 & =ty m5 ( ! #h? ,infantry1 9 comm& ( ,fir/ ,lieut5ant ,j4 ,h4 ,h>vil1 mov$ f ,=t ,k+ = ,=t ,mc,clure or ,w>m ,spr+2 !nce1 "u ! guidance ( ,indian negroes1 to ! neighborhood ( ! lake4 ,at midnight1 on ! night ( ! t5?1 ! swamp 0 rea*$2 ! troops hav+ m>*$ =ty-f\r miles4 ,to surprise ! ,indian camp j at break ( day1 0 ! only *ance ( success4 ,! guides repres5t$ x to be on ! opposite side ( ! swamp1 five or six miles ?r\gh4 ,! horses 7 picket$1 & ! baggage left ) a small gu>d on ! m>g9 ( ! swamp4 ,! soldi] c>ri$ only a musket & 8 ammunition2 ! (fic]s a rifle or sword4 ,quietly & resolutely ! comm& mov$1 confid5t ( success4 ,! wat] became cold] & deep] at e /ep2 halts 7 frequ5tly made to extricate ! (fic]s & soldi]s f ! mud4 ,! night 0 d>k1 :i* add$ to ! dismal gloomy %ad[s ( a cypress swamp4 ,! comm& c\ld only foll[ by ! spla%+ ( wat]1 & ! calm b firm intonations ( ! ^w ( comm&4 ,! negroes 9 advance1 foll[$ closely by ! mo/ h>dy & active1 guid$ ^! two hundr$ m5 to :at 0 believ$ to be ! /ronghold ( ! enemy4 ,e h\r & /ep confirm$ ?is conviction4 ,! advance rea*$ ! opposite side j be=e ! break ( day4 ,anxi\sly !y await$ & greet$ e (fic] & soldi] z he em]g$ f ! swamp1 cov]$ ) mud & wat]4 ,day broke2 :5 sil5tly ! comm& 0 giv5--',fall 96' ,elev5 (fic]s & ?irty-five privates 7 pres5t4 ,occasionally a /raggl] w\ld arrive1 & report ^? 9 ! re> z com+4 ,! ,indian huts1 by ! gray dawn ( morn+ 7tw5ty-f\r 9 numb]71 c\ld be disc]n$ ?r\gh ! scrub1 :i* sep>at$ ! :ite & r$ man1 ?ree hundr$ y>ds di/ant4 ,at ?is h\r ! ,indian ar\nd 8 camp fire feels secure4 ,f ! numb] ( huts1 & _! location1 !y outnumb]$ ! assailants4 ,to await ! arrival ( ! entire =ce1 ! day w\ld be f> advanc$2 & discov]y 0 a total defeat4 ,x 0 det]m9$ ) ! numb] pres5t to make a vigor\s assault1 &1 if outnumb]$1 to rely ^u ^? 9 ! re>4 ,ea* man reprim$ 8 musket1 & cauti\sly1 on 8 h&s & knees1 work$ 8 way ?r\gh ! d5se und]gr[? to )9 a few y>ds ( ! clu/] ( huts & tempor>y %$s4 ,n a ^w 0 utt]$4 ,eag]ly ea* man grasp$ 8 musket1 anxi\s = ! fir/ :oop1 :5 he w\ld be rew>d$ = 8 toil4 ,a musket 0 dis*>g$ to ar\se ! inmates1 & meet !m on _! retreat4 ,x s5t back its dull heavy rev]b]ation1 caus+ disappo9tm5t & *agr94 ,n a human be+ occupi$ ! huts1 or 0 ^u ! gr\nd4 ,l>ge fields ( corn 7 be=e !m2 !y _h be5 c>efully cultivat$1 & gave inconte/able pro( t ! allies _h j left4 ,?is place _h be5 ! tempor>y resid5ce ( a /rong =ce2 b _! patrols _h discov]$ ! approa* ( our troops1 & communicat$ in=mation to ! p>ty 9 "t to enable !m1 ) _! wives & *ildr51 to escape f dang]4 ,! (fic]s & soldi]s look$ ab\t a :ile ) wond]1 & !n comm5c$ ! "w ( de/roy+ ! cab9s & crops1 :i* be+ effect$1 !y retrac$ _! /eps to head-qu>t]s1 fully satisfi$ t a discipl9$ army 0 n adapt$ to ! "w ( surpris+ ,indians & ,exiles4 ,p]haps no act or policy ( ,g5]al ,wor? contribut$ s mu* to ! favorable prosecution ( ! w>1 z 8 treatm5t ( ,coacoo*ee1 or ,wild ,cat1 z he 0 m rec5tly call$4 ,?is extraord9>y p]sonage became conspicu\s 9 #ahda4 ,dur+ ! entire w> he deeply sympa?iz$ ) ! ,exiles--0 always att5d$ by "s ( 8 m dusky fri5ds1 9 ^: welf>e he took a deep int]e/2 nor has he yet =sak5 !m4 ,ev5 at ! "t ( writ+ ?is n>rative1 he is suppos$ to be ) !m2 & a %ort notice ( "s ( 8 m ?an romantic exp]i5ce 9 ?is w> may int]e/ ! read] 9 ! =tunes ( a man :o may yet fill a l>ge space 9 ! hi/ory ( our c\ntry4 ,he 0 ! son ( ,k+ ,philip1 a ,sem9ole *ief ( "s reputation4 ,he is n[ 7#aheg7 ab\t fifty ye>s ( age2 five feet eight in*es 9 height2 well proportion$2 exhibit+ ! mo/ p]fect symmetry 9 8 physical =m4 ,8 eye is d>k1 full & expressive2 & 8 c\nt5ance y\?ful & pleas+4 ,8 voice is cle>1 s(t & musical2 8 spee* flu5t2 8 ge/ures rapid & viol5t4 ,8 views are always +5i\s & cle>ly express$2 & he nev] fails to infuse all 8 measures ) _s1 & to ex]t a controll+ influ5ce ov] 8 foll[]s4 ,he 0 born ne> ,ahapopka ,lake1 :]e he resid$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,florida ,w>2 b soon aft] s\ght a m secure retreat 9 ! l>ge swamps1 ne> ,=t ,mellon & ,lake ,oke*obee4 ,8 b& at t "t numb]$ "s two hundr$ s\ls1 among :om 7 sev]al families ( ,exiles4 ,9 ^! sable w>riors he is said to h repos$ mu* confid5ce4 ,he accompani$ !m at ! massacre ( ,major ,dade & 8 battalion 9 ,decemb]1 #ahce4 ,"h he =m$ 8 acqua9tance ) ,lewis ,pa*eco1 :o act$ z guide to ,major ,dade4 ,lewis is said to h att5d$ him1 & to h %>$ 9 e battle 9 :i* ,wild ,cat p>ticipat$1 until ! capitulation ( #ahcg4 ,aft] t capitulation _h be5 agre$ to1 he visit$ ,g5]al ,jessup's camp ) ! app>5t int5tion ( emigrat+ ,we/4 ,he br\ght 9 "s ( 8 fri5ds1 among :om 0 ,lewis ,pa*eco1 :om he claim$ z 8 slave1 & decl>$ t he _h captur$ him at ,dade's massacre4 ,lewis1 be+ a negro1 0 plac$ )9 ! /ockade at ,tampa ,bay1 b ,wild ,cat ( c\rse w5t among 8 fri5ds 9 ! vic9ity4 ,:5 he f\nd t ,g5]al ,jessup 0 violat+ ! articles ( capitulation1 & deliv]+ ov] to slav]y ^? ,exiles :o 7 claim$ by ! p ( ,florida1 in/ead ( secur+ !m 9 _! lives & prop]ty1 = :i* ! fai? ( ! nation _h be5 pl$g$1 he became indignant1 & insi/$ t e ,indian & ,exile :o 0 enjoy+ 8 lib]ty1 %\ld leave ! encampm5t :]e !y 7 receiv+ food & raim5t f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & flee to _! own homes4 ,micanopy1 "o ( ! mo/ weal?y & influ5tial *iefs1 refus$1 & express$ 8 det]m9ation to emigrate4 ,wild ,cat & ,osceola 7,p[ell71 two "y & d>+ *iefs1 came to ! t5t ( ,micanopy1 at midnight1 & compell$ him1 at ! p]il ( 8 life1 to leave & flee to ! ,indian c\ntry4 ,he did s1 & ) him e ,indian & ,exile1 :o 0 outside ! /ockade at ,tampa ,bay1 made _! escape4 ,at ! battle ( ,=t ,mellon1 on ! eigh? ( ,febru>y1 #ahcg1 he is said to h comm&$ two hundr$ w>riors1 _m ( :om 7 ,exiles4 ,he 0 at ! battle ( ,oke*obee1 on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,decemb]1 #ahcg2 ! sev]e/ battle ev] f\ght 9 ,florida4 ,ne>ly all 8 w>riors 7 ) him4 ,he 0 po/$ on ! left ( ! ,indian l9e1 occupy+ ! hommock1 :5 ,g5]al ,taylor approa*$4 ,he decl>$ t n an ,indian gave way until ! *>ge ( ,colonel ,fo/]1 al?\gh he said ! fire ( our m5 s5t a /ream ( bullets among 8 w>riors4 ,he /at$ ! :ole loss ( ! alli$ =ces 9 t memorable conflict to be ?irte5 kill$ & n9ete5 w\nd$1 be+ less ?an "o-f\r? ( ,g5]al ,taylor's loss4 ,8 fa!r 7,k+ ,philip7 be+ imprison$ at ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 #ahch1 naturally felt desir\s t 8 son %\ld g ) him to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 :]e he knew he mu/ emigrate4 ,he s5t out a confid5tial fri5d ) a message to ,wild ,cat1 invit+ him to come & see him4 ,g5]al ,jessup also s5t assurances ( 8 p]fect safety1 if he wi%$ to come & visit 8 fa!r4 ,! mess5g] f\nd him1 & fai?fully deliv]$ ! message :i* 8 fa!r s5t4 ,!re 7 also o!r ,indians & ,exiles go+ to ,=t ,peyton1 "u ! peaceful invitation & assurance ( safety :i* ,g5]al ,jessup s5t !m4 ,wild ,cat left 8 b&2 &1 array$ 9 8 be/ robes1 be>+ a :ite flag1 w5t ) !m & 0 betray$1 ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 into ! p[] ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 z we h h]et(ore %[n4 ,he 0 imprison$ 9 ! ca/le at ,/4 ,augu/9e ) 8 fri5d ,talmas-,hadjo4 ,accu/om$ to roam 9 ! =e/s at w1 & enjoy ! free air ( ,heav51 ?is conf9em5t bore d[n _! spirits & affect$ _! physical heal?4 ,he & 8 fri5d ,talmas-,hadjo made _! escape1 an acc\nt ( :i* 0 giv5 9 a =m] *apt]4 ,8 fa!r rema9$ ) ! o!r prison]s--0 s5t to ,*>le/on2 & subsequ5tly di$ on 8 passage to ,=t ,gibson 9 #ahcg1 ) ! fir/ p>ty ( emigrants "u ,lieut4 ,reynolds4 ,wild ,cat n[ became "o ( ! mo/ active w>riors 9 ,florida4 ,) 8 foll[]s1 he repair$ to ! ,okef5oke ,swamp1 &1 encamp+ 9 its fa/nesses1 salli$ =?1 z occasion p]mitt$1 & spread dea? & deva/ation 9 ! s\!rn settlem5ts ( ,georgia4 ,f !nce he return$ s\?1 & committ$ con/ant depr$ations bo? ea/ & we/ ( ! ,/4 ,john's4 ,9 #ahdj1 8 daught]1 an int]e/+ girl ( twelve ye>s ( age1 fell into ! h&s ( our troops1 9 a skirmi% ne> ,=t ,mellon4 ,?is 0 reg>d$ z a mo/ =tunate circum/ance1 z x w\ld be likely to procure an int]view ) ! fa!r4 ,micco1 a sub-*ief & fri5d ( ,wild ,cat1 0 dispat*$ ) a :ite flag1 on :i* 7 drawn clasp$ h&s 9 tok5 ( fri5d%ip1 ) a pipe & tobacco4 ,he f\nd ,wild ,cat1 & deliv]$ ! message ( ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al1 reque/+ an int]view4 ,wild ,cat agre$ to come 91 & gave ,micco a bundle ( eight /icks1 d5ot+ ! days :i* w\ld elapse be=e he appe>$ 9 camp4 ,micco return$1 & made 8 report4 ,on ! fif? ( ,m>*1 ,wild ,cat 0 ann\nc$ z approa*+ ! ,am]ican camp ) sev5 ( 8 tru/y companions4 ,he came boldly )9 ! l9e ( s5t9els1 dress$ 9 ! mo/ fanta/ic mann]4 ,he & 8 p>ty _h %ortly be=e kill$ a company ( /roll+ !atrical p]=m]s1 ne> ,/4 ,augu/9e1 &1 hav+ possess$ !mselves ( ! w>drobe :i* _! victims _h ) !m1 he n[ decorat$ himself & foll[]s 9 ! mo/ grotesque /yle4 ,he approa*$ ! t5t ( ,g5]al ,wor?1 calm & self-possess$1 & %ook h&s ) ! (fic]s4 ,he address$ ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al 9 flu5t & dignifi$ language1 say+1 he _h receiv$ ! talk & :ite flag s5t him2 t1 9 pursuance ( ! invitation1 he _h come to visit ! ,am]ican camp ) peaceful int5tions2 t1 rely+ ^u ! good fai? ( ! (fic] 9 comm&1 he _h entru/$ himself to _! p[]1 9 ord] to promote ! designs ( peace :i* _h be5 t5d]$ him4 ,! dignity ( 8 mann]1 ! gracefulness ( 8 ge/ures1 ! musical intonations ( 8 voice1 ! bl&ness ( 8 c\nt5ance1 won ! sympa?y1 & comm&$ ! att5tion1 ( all ar\nd him4 ,at ?is mom5t 8 little daught] escap$ f ! t5t1 :]e x 0 int5d$ %e %\ld rema9 until ,g5]al ,wor? %\ld feel t ! prop] "t _h arriv$ = him to pres5t h] to h] fa!r4 ,) ! feel+s & habits ( h] race1 %e pres5t$ him musket balls & p[d]1 :i* %e _h by "s means obta9$ & secret$ until 8 arrival4 ,on see+ 8 *ild1 he c\ld no long] comm& t dignity ( be>+ s mu* ! pride ( e ,indian *ief4 ,8 self-possession gave way to p>5tal emotions2 ! feel+s ( ! fa!r gu%$ =?2 he av]t$ 8 face & wept4 ,hav+ recov]$ 8 self-possession1 he address$ ,colonel ,wor?1 say+1 ,! :ites dealt unju/ly by me4 ,i came to !m1 :5 !y deceiv$ me4 ,i lov$ ! l& ,i 0 ^u2 my body is made ( its s&s4 ,! ,great ,_s gave me legs to walk ov] x2 eyes to see x2 h&s to aid myself2 a head ) :i* ,i ?9k4 ,! sun1 :i* %9es w>m & bright1 br+s =? our crops2 & ! moon br+s back ! spirits ( our w>riors1 our fa!rs1 our wives & *ildr54 ,! :ite man comes2 he gr[s pale & sickly2 :y c we n live 9 peace8 ,!y /eal our horses & cattle1 *eat u1 & take our l&s4 ,!y may %oot u--may *a9 our h&s & feet2 b ! r$ man's he>t w be free4 ,i h come to y 9 peace1 & h tak5 y all by ! h&4 ,i w sleep 9 y\r camp1 ?\gh y\r soldi]s /& ar\nd me ?ick z p9e trees4 ,i am done3 :5 we "k ea* o!r bett]1 ,i w say m4 ,g5]al ,wor? assur$ him ( ! good fai? ) :i* he %\ld be treat$2 t ! feel+s :i* he _h express$ 7 honorable to him & to 8 p2 t ! emotions manife/$ on see+ 8 *ild1 7 highly cr$itable to him z a fa!r2 assur$ him t 8 *ild %\ld n be sep>at$ f him2 t ! ,am]ican (fic]s & soldi]s highly respect$ ! p>5tal affection :i* he _h exhibit$4 ,he !n ent]$ ^u a consultation ) him conc]n+ ! be/ mode ( obta9+ a peace4 ,wild ,cat spoke ) great s9c]ity2 frankly /at$ ! condition & feel+s ( ?is p2 /at$ ! fri5dly atta*m5t betwe5 ! ,exiles & ,indians2 said t !y w\ld n cons5t to be sep>at$2 t no?+ c\ld be done until _! annual assemblage 9 ,june1 to fea/ on ! gre5 corn2 t1 h>d z ! fate 01 he w\ld cons5t to emigrate1 & w\ld use 8 influ5ce to induce 8 fri5ds to d s4 ,aft] rema9+ f\r days 9 camp1 he & 8 companions left1 accompani$ by 8 little daught]1 :om he pres5t$ to h] "m on rea*+ 8 own encampm5t4 ,prompt to 8 engagem5t ) ,g5]al ,wor?1 he return$ on ! t5? day aft] 8 dep>ture4 ,he /at$ t he c\ld d no?+ until ,june2 b express$ 8 desire to see ,g5]al ,armi/ead1 ! =m] comm&]1 :o 0 yet at ,tampa ,bay4 ,) t (fic] he also made arrangem5ts to d :atev] 0 9 8 p[] to induce 8 fri5ds to emigrate4 ,!re appe>s no good evid5ce on :i* to d\bt ! s9c]ity ( ,wild ,cat2 yet x appe>s t ,g5]al ,armi/ead1 be=e leav+ ,florida1 ord]$ ,colonel ,*ilds1 comm&+ at ,=t ,pe>ce1 to seize ,wild ,cat1 if he %\ld come )9 8 p[]1 ) su* foll[]s z %\ld att5d him1 & s5d !m to ,tampa ,bay = emigration4 ,g5]al ,armi/ead retir$ to ,wa%+ton soon aft] issu+ ?is ord]1 leav+ ,g5]al ,wor? 9 comm&4 ,on ! tw5ty-fir/ ( ,may1 ,wild ,cat & 8 bro!r1 toge!r ) an uncle1 a bro!r ( 8 fa!r ,k+ ,philip1 & twelve o!r ,indians & ?ree ,exiles1 came into ,=t ,pe>ce1 :]e ,colonel ,*ilds 0 9 comm&4 ,wild ,cat & 8 fri5ds _h repos$ p]fect confid5ce 9 ! honor & good fai? ( ,g5]al ,wor?4 ,he _h be5 betray$ by ,g5]al ,h]n&ez1 act+ "u ,g5]al ,jessup's ord]s2 _h be5 imprison$1 & suff]$ mu*2 b f ! mann] & be>+ ( ,g5]al ,wor?1 he _h be5 l$ to repose ! mo/ implicit confid5ce 9 8 s9c]ity4 ,colonel ,*ilds1 h[ev]1 punctili\s 9 8 ob$i5ce to ord]s1 at once seiz$ & s5t him & 8 companions 9 irons to ,tampa ,bay1 :]e !y 7 imm$iately plac$ on bo>d a transport & s5t to ,new ,orleans1 en r\te = ,=t ,gibson4 ,! p ( ,florida he>tily approv$ ?is transaction1 feel+ t ! ,t]ritory 0 n[ rid ( "o ( its mo/ dang]\s foes4 ,g5]al ,wor? soon le>n$ ! mann] 9 :i* ,wild ,cat _h be5 aga9 seiz$ z a prison]1 9 violation ( ! pl$g$ fai? ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,mortifi$ & *agr9$1 he at once dispat*$ a fai?ful (fic]1 ) explicit directions1 to br+ ,wild ,cat & 8 fri5ds back to ,florida at ! e>lie/ mom5t at :i* he %\ld be able4 ,! (fic] f\nd !m at ,new ,orleans1 & =?) />t$ ) !m on 8 return to ,tampa ,bay4 ,?is measure ( ,g5]al ,wor?1 ?\gh bold1 & 9 direct opposition to ! popul> s5tim5t ( ,florida1 probably t5d$ z mu* to ! pacification ( t ,t]ritory z any movem5t dur+ ! w>4 ,g5]al ,wor? set out to meet ! di/+ui%$ *ief1 & rea*$ ,tampa ,bay on ! ?ird ( ,july4 ,! next day he w5t on bo>d ! %ip1 :]e he met ,wild ,cat & 8 companions2 !y 7 yet 9 irons4 ,z !y met ^u ! deck1 ! ,g5]al took him cordially by ! h&2 assur$ him ( 8 s9c]e fri5d%ip2 ( ! mi/ake by :i* he _h be5 arre/$2 b assur$ him1 t s great 0 8 r5[n z a w>rior1 & su* 7 ! fe>s :i* ! p ent]ta9$ ( him1 t1 z comm&+ ,g5]al1 he 0 con/ra9$ to hold him a prison]4 ,p]haps no?+ s t\*es ! vanity ( a savage z an expression ( 8 greatness2 & ! consummate policy ( ,g5]al ,wor? 0 nev] m app>5t ?an 9 ! mann] ( 8 treat+ ?is savage *ief4 ,aft] rec\nt+ ! deva/ation & dea? :i* ,wild ,cat _h scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! ,t]ritory1 he told him1 ) great emphasis1 t he _h ! p[] to put an end to ! w>4 ,he !n told him he 0 at lib]ty to select five ( 8 mo/ tru/y fri5ds1 & s5d !m to 8 b& ) su* a message z w\ld in=m !m ( ! precise /ate ( facts1 to "n ! "t necess>y to ga!r 8 b&1 & h !m at ,=t ,brooke2 t1 if !y fail$ to come 9 at ! appo9t$ "t1 he & 8 foll[]s1 :o %\ld rema9 ) him1 %\ld be hang$4 ,wild ,cat li/5$ ) emotion2 mo/ ( 8 foll[]s wept4 ,aft] ,g5]al ,wor? _h clos$ 8 rem>ks1 he arose1 &1 ) great =ce ( eloqu5ce & tru?1 portray$ ! wrongs to :i* he & 8 fri5ds _h be5 subject$4 ,he !n add$1 t !y _h f\ght ! :ite p bravely1 _h kill$ _m1 b !y 7 too num]\s & too /rong = !m to cont5d )2 t !y 7 compell$ to submit4 ,!n1 9 conclusion1 he said he w\ld s5d out 8 fri5ds1 & d :at he c\ld to induce 8 b& to surr5d]1 = emigration4 ,:ile he 0 speak+1 ! h\r ( twelve arriv$1 & an arm$ %ip ly+ 9 port1 op5$ h] ports & comm5c$ fir+ a national salute1 9 honor ( ! day4 ,wild ,cat /opp$1 &1 turn+ to ,g5]al ,wor?1 inquir$ ! cause4 ,x 0 expla9$ to him1 & he readily contra/$ 8 own situation & t ( 8 fri5ds1 :o 7 sitt+ ar\nd him 9 irons1 ) ! condition ( ! freem5 to :om !y 7 prison]s4 ,aft] he _h conclud$ 8 rem>ks1 he ga!r$ ar\nd him 8 fri5ds1 &1 hav+ consult$ ) !m1 he select$ 8 five mess5g]s1 "o ( :om 0 tak5 f ! ,exiles1 & ! o!r f\r f ! ,indians4 ,! five mess5g]s 7 br\ght toge!r1 & he address$ !m 9 _! own language1 app>5tly ) deep emotion2 b :5 he came to in=m !m ( ! message !y 7 to deliv] to 8 wife & *ild1 ! feel+s ( ! husb& & fa!r aga9 ov]p[]$ him3 he turn$ aside & wept2 & su* 0 ! deep & ?rill+ int]e/ :i* p]vad$ ^? ar\nd him1 t ! h>dy sailors :o _h long be5 accu/om$ to dang]1 & ! soldi] :o _h become famili> ) dea? 9 its v>i\s =ms1 7 melt$ to te>s4 ,! sympa?y became g5]al2 & all pres5t seem$ to ackn[l$ge ! reality ( ^? holy affections ( ! human he>t :i* ,god has implant$ deep d[n 9 its core & c5t]4 ,sil5ce p]vad$ ! :ole assemblage4 ,! ord] 0 giv5 by ,g5]al ,wor? 9 a l[ & solemn voice to remove ! fett]s f ! limbs ( ! five mess5g]s4 ,x 0 done quietly1 & all look$ on ) int]e/4 ,aft] ! irons _h be5 tak5 f _! limbs1 & all 0 prep>$ = _! dep>ture1 ,wild ,cat %ook h&s ) ea* z !y pass$ ov] ! side ( ! %ip4 ,to ! la/ he h&$ a silk h&k]*ief & a brea/-p91 say+1 give !m to my wife & *ild4 ,! "t :i* ,wild ,cat _h volunt>ily set = _! return1 0 =ty days4 ,! b& 0 suppos$ to be on ! ,kissimee or ,/4 ,john's ,riv]2 & mu* int]e/ 0 felt by all 9 ! result4 ,!y greatly fe>$ t delay might take place 9 f9d+ & communicat+ ) !m4 ,(fic]s & soldi]s p>ticipat$ 9 ! excitem5t2 & ! mess5g]s 7 in/ruct$ by !m to in=m ! comm&+ (fic] at t po/1 if any great delay %\ld occur4 ,! success ( ?is mission 0 reg>d$ z ! turn+ po9t ( ! ,florida ,w>1 & 9 its p]fect success all felt a deep int]e/2 z x 0 believ$ t 8 example w\ld be foll[$ by o!r *iefs ( suffici5t influ5ce to br+ ?is long protract$ w> to a close4 ,! (fic]s visit$ ,wild ,cat & 8 fri5ds1 on bo>d ! %ip1 daily1 & endeavor$ to *e] !m by con/antly express+ _! confid5ce 9 ! fidelity ( ! mess5g]s4 ,he endeavor$ to surm\nt ! anxiety & appreh5sion :i* 8 situation naturally br\ght to 8 m9d2 b 8 c>e-worn c\nt5ance & anxi\s mann] %[$ ! corrod+ solicitude :i* he felt4 ,old ,micco1 ! ,indian *ief :o at fir/ induc$ ,wild ,cat to come 9 to ,=t ,cumm+s1 0 at ,tampa ,bay at ! "t ! mess5g]s left4 ,he 0 ag$1 b cont9u$ active4 ,he _h be5 ! confid5tial fri5d ( ,k+ ,philip1 ! fa!r ( ,wild ,cat1 & 0 n[ ! w>m fri5d ( ! son4 ,he volunte]$ to accompany ! mess5g]s1 assur+ ,wild ,cat t he w\ld himself return 9 t5 days ) su* tid+s z he %\ld be able to ga!r 9 t "t4 ,! old man1 fai?ful to 8 engagem5t1 on ! t5? day appe>$ at ,tampa ,bay ) six w>riors & a numb] ( wom5 & *ildr51 & report$ t o!rs 7 on _! way4 ,! return ( ,micco ) su* intellig5ce *e]$ 8 foll[]s & fri5ds1 & gave to our (fic]s & soldi]s confid5ce 9 ! entire success ( ! plan2 b ! *ief cont9u$ to exhibit gloom1 & at times he ev9c$ despond5cy ( spirits4 ,9 ! meantime1 8 p cont9u$ to arrive daily1 & 9 less ?an ?irty days1 8 entire b& 7 encamp$ at ,tampa ,bay4 ,he _h in=m$ ,g5]al ,wor? ( ! precise numb] ( 8 w>riors by deliv]+ to him a bundle conta9+ "o /ick = ea* w>rior4 ,on ! la/ day ( ,july1 x 0 f\nd t ! numb] ( w>riors1 includ+ ,exiles1 exactly correspond$ ) ! numb] ( /icks4 ,:5 in=m$ t 8 w>riors 7 all 91 he resum$ 8 natural *e]fulness2 8 c\nt5ance became light$ up ) hope & intellig5ce2 8 be>+ 0 l(ty & indep5d5t4 ,sev]al (fic]s w5t on bo>d to congratulate him4 ,he 0 w>mly greet$4 ,he n[1 turn+ to ! (fic] ( ! gu>d1 9 a tone ( confid5t assurance1 reque/$ t 8 irons might be remov$1 & he p]mitt$ to address 8 w>riors1 z he said1 l a man4 ,8 %ackles 7 tak5 (f2 & he !n dress$ himself 9 a mann] :i* he deem$ fitt+ ! occasion4 ,8 turban 0 ( crimson silk1 f :i* ?ree o/ri* plumes 7 gracefully susp5d$2 8 brea/ 0 cov]$ ) glitt]+ silv] ornam5ts2 8 _m-color$ frock 0 fa/5$ ar\nd 8 wai/ by a girdle ( r$ silk1 into :i* 0 ?ru/ 8 scalp+ knife1 enclos$ 9 its appropriate scabb>d4 ,r$ legg9s & ornam5t$ moccas9s complet$ 8 attire4 ,he 0 att5d$ on %ore by sev]al (fic]s1 :o took seats ) him 9 ! boat4 ,z !y approa*$ ! %ore1 & he saw 8 fri5ds :o _h ga!r$ at ! l&+ to greet him1 8 he>t seem$ to swell ) emotion2 b ga!r+ himself = ! occasion he became dignifi$ & haughty 9 8 deportm5t1 & z he /epp$ on %ore be waiv$ 8 h&1 beckon+ !m all to /& back4 ,!y impulsively obey$2 & rais+ 8 =m to its utmo/ height he s5t =? a %rill w>-:oop1 :i* rea*$ e e> 9 ! vic9ity1 z ! ann\ncem5t ( 8 fre$om4 ,a he>ty response at once came back f e w>rior ( ! b&4 ,! cr[d simultane\sly op5$ to ! "r & left1 :51 )\t notic+ ! pres5ce ( any p]son1 he at once proce$$ to ! head-qu>t]s1 :]e he met ,g5]al ,wor?1 :om he salut$ 9 ! mo/ respectful mann]4 ,he !n turn$ to 8 p & address$ !m1 /at+ ! arrangem5t ) ,g5]al ,wor?1 ?ank+ !m = s *e]fully com+ to him1 decl>$ !y 7 n[ at peace ) ! :ite p4 ,he !n inquir$ = 8 wife & *ild1 :o _h rema9$ sil5t spectators ( ! :ole sc5e4 ,!y at once came =w>d1 & z he saw !m1 ! feel+s ( ! husb& & fa!r aga9 ov]came him = an in/ant2 b resum+ 8 l(ty demeanor he m+l$ aga9 ) ^? fai?ful & tri$ foll[]s1 :o _h s (t5 /ood beside him 9 times ( p]il4 ,su* 7 ! =tunes1 & su* ! "*1 ( "o ( ^? *iefta9s :om ! incid5ts ( ! ,florida ,w> br\ght into public notice4 ,he is n[ introduc$ to ! read]1 & w cont9ue to receive occasional att5tion until ! close ( our n>rative1 & p]haps he may aga9 appe> 9 ! future hi/ory ( ! p to ^: trials & p]secutions we are n[ direct+ att5tion4 ,we h felt ?is sket* due to ! cause ( tru?1 inasmu* z dur+ ! w>1 & ev5 up to ! pres5t day1 public newspap]s h spok5 ( ,wild ,cat z a cruel & v9dictive savage4 ,8 ef=ts 9 behalf ( fre$om h be5 repres5t$ by public (fic]s z crimes1 & he has be5 held up to ! public z an unpr9cipl$ brig&4 ,we w\ld judge him1 z we w\ld all o!rs1 by 8 acts4 ,wild ,cat's b&1 n[ conv5$ at ,tampa ,bay1 _h be5 previ\sly dim9i%$ by emigration4 ,x n[ numb]$ sev5ty-eight w>riors1 sixty-f\r wom5 & =ty-sev5 *ildr5--mak+ 9 all "o hundr$ & eighty-n9e s\ls4 ,we h no (ficial /atem5t ( ! numb] ( ,exiles :o surr5d]$ ) ?is b&4 ,we suppose1 h[ev]1 f ! w>m int]e/ :i* ,wild ,cat always took 9 behalf ( ! ,exiles1 t m w\ld h flock$ to 8 /&>d ?an to ^? ( o!r *iefs2 b we h no evid5ce t su* 0 ! fact4 ,probably ! ,exiles con/itut$ ab\t "o-six? ( ! b&--t be+ ! proportion ( ,exiles :o accompani$ him to ,=t ,cumm+s1 & 7 seiz$ ) him by ,colonel ,*ilds4 ,inde$1 we h _h no (ficial data by :i* to det]m9e ! proportion ( ,exiles :o con/itut$ ! sev]al p>ties t surr5d]$ aft] ,g5]al ,jessup left ! army4 ,no subsequ5t comm&] 9 ,florida appe>s to h drawn di/9ctions z to ! color ( 8 prison]s4 ,!y 7 all report$ z ,sem9oles1 & ! t]m negro occurr$ only incid5tally 9 _! (ficial reports1 :5 speak+ ( ! class ( int]pret]s & ag5ts :o 7 employ$2 nor d we f9d t ,g5]al ,wor? made any ef=t to s5d any ( 8 prison]s into slav]y4 ,s f> z we are in=m$1 l ,g5]al ,taylor1 he treat$ !m all z prison]s ( w>1 entitl$ to ! same rights1 ! same respect1 & ! same att5tions1 agreeably to ! doctr9e advanc$ by ,g5]al ,ga9es at ,new ,orleans4 ,g5]al ,wor? appe>s to h felt au?oriz$ to s5d e ,exile :o surr5d]$1 to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,if any ( !m 7 claim$ by ! slavehold]s ( ,florida1 he direct$ ! pro(s ( own]%ip to be tak5 & ! value ( ! negro e/imat$1 & !n1 )\t wait+ = fur!r conte/1 ! negro 0 treat$ z o!r prison]s1 & s5t ,we/ ) 8 ,sem9ole fri5ds1 leav+ ! ,gov]nm5t to pay = ! slave or n1 z ! ,executive & ,congress %\ld det]m9e4#acj ,x 0 ?is policy :i* enabl$ ,g5]al ,wor? to conduct ! w> ) s mu* great] success ?an 8 pr$ecessors4 ,x enabl$ him to avail himself ( all ! influ5ce ( ,wild ,cat1 n[ ex]t$ 9 favor ( emigration2 :ile ,g5]al ,jessup1 by deliv]+ ov] ! ,exiles to slav]y1 _h induc$ ! same *ief to ex]t absolute viol5ce to prev5t emigration4#aca ,g5]al ,wor?1 hav+ secur$ ! fri5d%ip & cop]ation ( ,wild ,cat1 ent]$ into consultation ) him z to ! be/ me?od ( c>ry+ out 8 plan ( peaceful surr5d] ( ! ,indians & ,exiles1 & _! emigration ,we/4 ,^? 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ! ,t]ritory1 "u ,hospet>*e & ,tig]-tail & ,sam ,jones1 7 bitt]ly oppos$ to emigration4 ,!y det]m9$1 9 c\ncil1 to kill any mess5g] s5t to !m = ! purpose ( p]suad+ !m to surr5d]1 or any "o :o %\ld attempt to leave !m = ! purposes ( emigration4 ,not)/&+ ?is det]m9ation1 "s ?ree or f\r families1 numb]+ 9 all ab\t tw5ty s\ls1 made _! escape 7,aug4 #aj71 &1 ?\gh closely pursu$1 rea*$ ! milit>y po/ on ,pease ,creek1 & 7 s5t to ,tampa ,bay1 :]e !y jo9$ ,wild ,cat's b&4 ,otulke1 a bro!r ( ,wild ,cat1 liv$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ^? p :o _h become s indignant1 & x 0 deem$ important to in=m him ( ,wild ,cat's det]m9ation to g ,we/4 ,! *ief _h also a y\ng] bro!r1 n[ ) ! b& at ,tampa ,bay1 :o volunte]$ to p]=m ! haz>d\s duty ( c>ry+ a message to ,otulke4 ,mu* solicitude 0 felt = 8 safety1 b he accompli%$ 8 mission successfully4 ,otulke1 ) "s six w>riors & _! families1 obey$ ! call1 & came to ,tampa ,bay & jo9$ ! p>ty de/9$ = emigration4 ,otulke also br\ght a message f ,hospet>*e1 an ag$ *ief1 ! head ( a small b& numb]+ ne>ly "o hundr$ s\ls4 ,he 0 said to be eighty-five ye>s ( age2 b 0 yet active1 & possess$ great en]gy4 ,he s5t a message to ,wild ,cat t he1 too1 0 com+ 9 to see him4 ,he 0 f ! ,great ,cypress ,swamp1 ^: inhabitants 7 reg>d$ z v trea*]\s1 & altoge!r de/itute ( integrity4 ,a few days aft] ,otulke arriv$1 ,hospet>*e s5t a boy ) a :ite flag to ,tampa ,bay1 say+1 he 0 old & fatigu$1 & want$ :isky & provisions to enable him to rea* ,=t ,brooke4 ,^! 7 s5t him2 b ! next day ano!r message ( ! same "* 0 receiv$1 & compli$ )4 ,?is practice cont9u$ = five days4 ,& su* 0 ! desp]ate "* ( ! old *ief1 t none ( ! fri5dly ,indians d>$ g out to meet him1 p>ticul>ly z !y le>n$ t he 0 att5d$ only by w>riors2 !y believ$ he 0 int5t on ho/ility r ?an peace1 & !y fe>$ him4 ,wild ,cat _h be5 abs5t = "s days4 ,:5 he return$1 he asc]ta9$ ! situation ( ,hospet>*e1 ) :om he _h long be5 acqua9t$4 ,! next morn+ he dress$ himself 9 8 gaye/ attire1 &1 tak+ 8 rifle1 m\nt$ 8 favorite horse1 :i* _h be5 br\ght to ,tampa ,bay by 8 foll[]s4 ,! (fic]s :o witness$ 8 dep>ture1 decl>$ t ! noble animal exhibit$ evid5ce ( hav+ recogniz$ 8 ma/]4 ,no soon] _h ,wild ,cat m\nt$1 ?an he began to *amp 8 bit & paw ! e>?1 z if impati5t to be> =? 8 rid] to ! hunt+ gr\nds4 ,wild ,cat1 sitt+ ^u 8 spirit$ horse1 %ook h&s ) ,g5]al ,wor? & ! o!r (fic]s1 & !n da%$ into ! =e/2 & be=e sunset1 return$ ) 8 v5]able fri5d1 ,hospet>*e1 & eighte5 w>riors4 ,aft] !y arriv$1 !y 7 treat$ k9dly1 b plac$ "u a /rong gu>d4 ,!y s5t confid5tial fri5ds h[ev] to _! homes1 :o 9 a few days return$1 br++ ) !m ! wom5 & *ildr5 ( ! :ole b&4 ,!re 7 n[ at ,tampa ,bay ne>ly ?ree hundr$ prison]s ready = emigration1 includ+ ,exiles1 suppos$ to be ab\t sixty 9 numb]4 ,:ile ,g5]al ,wor? 0 ?us successful 9 8 ef=ts to induce ! ,indians & _! allies peacefully to emigrate1 he 0 pa9$ to witness ! suff]+s to :i* 8 army 7 subject$4 ,z an illu/ration ( ! sacrifice :i* our nation made 9 ?is ef=t to enslave ! ,exiles1 we w\ld /ate1 t ! #a/ regim5t ( ,infantry1 "u ,colonel ,mill]1 came to ,florida 9 #ahch1 & left 9 ,augu/1 #ahda4 ,x numb]$ "s six hundr$ m51 & dur+ ! ?ree ye>s ( its resid5ce 9 ,florida1 "o hundr$ & ?irty-five soldi]s & six commission$ (fic]s di$ ( sickness4 ,?is we believe to be no?+ m ?an ! av]age loss ( ! troops :o s]v$ 9 t w>1 9 proportion to ! "t ( s]vice4 ,! (ficial reports = ,july1 #ahda1 %[$ two ?\s& f\r hundr$ & tw5ty-eight m5 on ! sick li/1 unfit = duty1 be+ consid]ably m ?an "o half ( ! :ole army4 ,a few ,indians & ,exiles1 f v>i\s b&s1 occasionally arriv$ at ,tampa ,bay1 & jo9$ ! emigrat+ p>ty4 ,?r\gh\t ! diff]5t families1 !y appe>$ to believe t ,g5]al ,wor? 0 act+ 9 good fai?4 ,! :ole "* ( ! w> _h und]gone a *ange4 ,x _h orig9ally be5 comm5c$ & prosecut$ = ! purpose ( renslav+ ,exiles3 n[ t object1 s f> z !y c\ld discov]1 appe>$ to h be5 giv5 up4 ,exiles & ,indians 7 treat$ alike4 ,wild ,cat1 _! mo/ active & popul> *ief1 & ! lead+ ,exiles ) him1 7 act+ ) s9c]ity 9 favor ( emigration4 ,! w> 0 9 fact susp5d$1 = ! adoption ( a m pacific policy1 :i* seem$ to promise success4 ,tig]-tail 0 yet inexorable & invet]ate4 ,he 0 said to h murd]$ 8 own si/] = propos+ to surr5d]2 yet a small p>ty f 8 b& escap$ to ,tampa ,bay1 & 7 protect$4 ,a few o!r ,indians & ,exiles 7 captur$ )\t blood%$2 & su* 7 ! prospects ( return+ peace1 t by ! comm5cem5t ( ,septemb]1 ,g5]al ,wor? in=m$ ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t t ! #c;d regim5t ( ,artill]y c\ld be sp>$ f ! s]vice 9 ,florida2 & t he hop$1 )9 a mon?1 to dis*>ge ! #d? & #e? ,infantry1 & ! #c;d ,dragoons4 ,illu/ration3 ,?locklo ,tu/5uggee4 7,tig] ,tail47 ,wild ,cat visit$ ,tig]-tail 9 8 retreat1 :i* 0 reg>d$ z a mo/ haz>d\s und]tak+4 ,) six foll[]s he />t$ on a visit to ?is b>b>\s *ief4 ,he rea*$ ! vic9ity ( 8 camp ne> nightfall1 b deem$ x prud5t n to approa* at t late h\r ( ! day4 ,he & 8 fri5ds fe>+ discov]y1 biv\ack$ 9 a grove1 suppos+ !y _h n be5 notic$ by any "o4 ,9 ! d>kness ( ! night1 !y he>d slight movem5ts ne> !m4 ,wild ,cat suspect$ x 0 ! w>y *ief1 prep>+ to massacre himself & fri5ds4 ,he boldly call$ out1 ann\nc+ 8 own "n1 & tell+ ,tig]-tail n to come ^u him l a c[>d1 by /eal?1 b to speak frankly1 or come up boldly to a p]sonal conflict4 ,tig]-tail1 surpris$ & a/oni%$ at ?is c\rse1 comm5c$ conv]sation4 ,wild ,cat1 ref]r+ to _! =m] fri5d%ip1 av[$ 8 desire to r5ew ! atta*m5t2 or1 if ,tig]-tail insi/$ on fight+1 !n he w\ld meet him 9 a mann] becom+ a bold w>rior4 ,! f]ocity ( ,tig]-tail gave way4 ,!y agre$ to meet next day1 :5 a long consultation 0 held4 ,! savage *ief gave assurances ( 8 peaceful disposition1 & promis$ to reflect ^u ! propriety ( emigrat+4 ,wild ,cat also s5t to o!r *iefs messages1 assur+ !m ( 8 int5tion to emigrate2 t 8 b&1 & t ( ,hospet>*e1 ) individuals f o!r villages1 7 at ,tampa ,bay ) ! int5tion ( soon emb>k+ = ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,tig]-tail insi/$ on see+ ,alligator1 a ,sem9ole *ief1 :o emigrat$ 9 #ahcg1 say+1 if ,alligator w\ld come back & advise him to g ,we/1 he w\ld comply ) su* advice4 ,a mess5g] 0 accord+ly s5t ,we/ to br+ ,alligator to ,florida4 ,9 ! meantime1 ,wild ,cat decl>$ to ,g5]al ,wor? t he desir$ to see 8 own p on _! way2 & assign$ z ! reason = su* desire1 t ,indians 7 a re/less p1 & c\ld n be long kept inactive1 ) no employm5t = ei!r body or m9d4 ,! advice 0 receiv$ by ,g5]al ,wor? ) respect1 & he at once gave ord]s to prep>e = ! j\rney4 ,transports _h be5 employ$1 & 7 !n 9 wait+4 ,! wom5 & *ildr5 7 engag$ 9 crack+ corn1 to s]ve z food = _! j\rney4 ,amid all ! c>es :i* surr\nd$ him1 ,g5]al ,wor? endeavor$ to make bo? ,indians & ,exiles com=table1 & r5d] !m *e]ful4 ,!y 7 a wrong$ & p]secut$ p1 ab\t to leave _! homes1 _! native c\ntry1 & g to a di/ant region1 ( :i* !y 7 ignorant4 ,driv5 f ! graves ( _! fa!rs1 !y 7 ab\t to be sep>at$ f sc5es :i* _h be5 famili> to !m f *ildhood4 ,( ^? :o _h come 9 = emigration1 fifte5 _h di$4 ,wild ,cat detail$ f 8 b& sev51 & ,hospet>*e detail$ t5 w>riors1 :o1 ) _! families1 mak+ "s eighty s\ls 9 all1 7 to rema9 ) ,g5]al ,wor? = a :ile 9 ord] to ex]t :at influ5ce !y c\ld ) _! fri5ds 9 favor ( emigrat+ to ! ,we/4 ,! numb] :o actually emb>k$ 0 little m ?an two hundr$ & fifty1 exclusive ( f\rte5 ,mickasukies1 :o p]si/$ 9 draw+ _! rations1 & 9 all ?+s be+ sep>at$ f ! o!rs4 ,"s fifty ,exiles are suppos$ to h be5 among ^? :o emb>k$1 & two ( ! sev5te5 families :o rema9$ at ,tampa ,bay 7 ( mix$ blood4 ,! emigrants 7 all on bo>d ! transports1 :5 ,g5]al ,wor? & /aff paid !m a la/ visit4 ,! sc5e 0 said to be affect+4 ,hospet>*e1 v5]able = 8 ye>s1 sat 9 sil5ce1 re/+ 8 head ^u 8 h&s1 & look+ back ^u 8 native l&4 ,he appe>$ disqualifi$ = hold+ conv]sation ) any "o1 & none appe>$ will+ to di/urb 8 seem+ melan*oly reflections4 ,! wom5--bo? ,exiles & ,indians--7 weep+ & sigh+1 unre/ra9$ by t dignity s mu* cultivat$ by savages ( ! o!r sex4 ,! w>riors--black & r$--7 solemn & sil5t4 ,?is appe>$ to give ,wild ,cat pa94 ,he /ood ^u ! qu>t] deck ) 8 sub-*iefs ar\nd him4 ,z ,g5]al ,wor? 0 ab\t to take leave1 ,i am look+ 7said ,wild ,cat7 at ! la/ p9e tree ( my native l&4 ,i am ab\t to leave ,florida = ev]2 & ,i c say t ,i h nev] done any?+ to disgrace ! l& ( my bir?4 ,x 0 my home3 ,i lov$ x z ,i lov$ my wife & *ild4 ,to "p f x1 is l sep>at+ f my own k9dr$4 ,b ,i h ?r[n away ! rifle2 ,i h %ak5 h&s ) ! :ite man1 & ,i look to him = protection4 ,he !n address$ ,g5]al ,wor?1 ?ank$ him = all 8 k9dness & confid5ce2 & on behalf ( 8 p he express$ a high s5se ( gratitude = ! humanity & fri5d%ip ext5d$ to !m4 ,!n ext5d+ 8 h& to ! ,g5]al he bade him f>ewell4 ,g5]al ,wor?1 9 tak+ leave1 express$ ! hope t !y w\ld h a pleasant j\rney1 & f9d !mselves happy 9 _! we/]n homes4 ,!y p>t$2 ! an*or 0 haul$ up1 ! sails hoi/$2 & ! unhappy emigrants soon ca/ _! la/ l+]+ look ^u ! long-lov$ sc5es ( _! *ildhood4 ,!y 7 hurri$ on _! way z rapidly z w9d & /eam c\ld propel ! %ips 9 :i* !y emb>k$4 ,!y made a %ort /ay at ,new ,orleans2 & 9 two weeks f ! "t !y left ,tampa ,bay1 !y l&$ at ,=t ,gibson1 & 7 conduct$ to ! settlem5t made by _! bre?r5 :o _h previ\sly emigrat$4 ,"h ,wild ,cat f\nd himself 9 a new sph]e4 ,respect$ & belov$ by 8 foll[]s = 8 gallant be>+2 8 und\bt$ c\rage2 8 devotion to ! int]e/s ( 8 p2 8 tru? & ju/ice--di/+ui%$ above all o!rs ( 8 tribe by 8 w>like exploits1 he 0 qualifi$ & prep>$ to ent] ^u ! try+ sc5es :i* await$ 8 future life4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,close ,,( ,,! ,,w>4 ,delegation f ,emigrants return to ,florida--,_! ef=ts 9 favor ( ,peace--,pacific indications--,troops dis*>g$--,indians & ,negroes surr5d]--,=ay ( ,capta9 ,wade--,waxe ,hadjo surr5d]s--,massacre at ,m&>9--,p ( ,georgia & ,florida dissatisfi$ ) ,g5]al ,wor?--,!y insi/ on furni%+ ,troops--,g54 ,wor? refuses to employ ,militia--,g5]al ,mc,donald & ,volunte]s f ,georgia take ! field--,dem& ! )drawal ( ! ,regul> ,troops--,!y are )drawn--,call = ,provisions--,g5]al ,wor? refuses to furni% !m--,militia disb&--,tu/5uggee ,*apco surr5d]s--,m ,troops dis*>g$--,g5]al ,wor? /ates ! numb] ( ,enemy1 & recomm5ds cessation ( ,ho/ilities--,propositions reject$ by ,executive--,battle ) ,halec ,tu/5uggee--,8 "*--,8 capture--,he & 8 p s5t ,we/--,presid5t reconsid]s ,g5]al ,wor?'s advice--,adopts ! propos$ policy--,g5]al ,wor? calls ,c\ncil--,t]ms ( ,peace agre$ ^u--,g5]al ,ord]--,g5]al ,wor? retires--,w> end$--,its object--,its co/--,numb] ( lives sacrific$--,"* ( ,indians & ,exiles :o rema9$ 9 ,florida4 ,sid5ote3 #ahda4 ,on ! f\rte5? ( ,octob]1 ,alligator1 ) two o!r *iefs1 & "o ( ! lead+ ,exiles1 nam$ ,james1 rea*$ ,=t ,brooke1 on _! return f ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,!y came at ! reque/ ( ,g5]al ,wor? to ex]t _! influ5ce ) ,tig]-tail & o!rs 9 favor ( emigration4 ,! next day !y left = ! int]ior1 & aft] an abs5ce ( sev5 days return$ ) ,tig]-tail4 ,! ,g5]al held sev]al conv]sations ) him1 & k9dly express$ 8 sympa?y = ! ,indians1 expla9+ 8 own situation & duty1 & advis+ ! ,indians to emigrate z _! be/ policy4 ,tig]-tail1 aft] rema9+ 9 camp f\r days1 return$ = 8 b&2 & fri5dly ,indians 7 dispat*$ by ,g5]al ,wor? to ,sam ,jones & o!r *iefs to induce !m also to come 94 ,"s ?irty ,indians des]t$ ,halec ,tu/5uggee 7,nov4 #aj71 & came to ,=t ,brooke4 ,! appe>ance ( ,indians & ,exiles 0 s pacific t ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al dis*>g$ f fur!r s]vice 9 ,florida five companies ( dragoons1 :o 7 ord]$ to ! we/]n fronti]4 ,! ,indians & ,exiles :o rema9$ at ,=t ,brooke :5 ,wild ,cat & 8 p>ty left = ! ,we/1 7 active 9 _! endeavors to induce _! o!r fri5ds to emigrate4 ,9 ^! ef=ts !y 7 at lea/ p>tially successful4 ,small p>ties f ! b&s ( ,tig]-tail & ,ne?loke-,ma?la arriv$ occasionally1 & ) ! app>5t cons5t ( ^? *iefs2 b ,tig]-tail himself appe>$ suspici\s & w>y4 ,he w\ld n come 9 !n1 b promis$ to d s at "s future day4 ,! influ5ce ( mo/ ( ! ,exiles n[ rema9+ 9 ,florida 0 ex]t$ 9 favor ( emigration4 ,x is believ$ t ne>ly e family ( pure ,exile blood _h left2 t ! la/ ( t class _h dep>t$ ) ,wild ,cat1 p>ticul>ly all ( ! desc5dants ( ^? pione]s :o rema9$ unconnect$ ) ! ,indians by m>riage4 ,!re 7 yet rema9+ a few :o _h m rec5tly fl$ f _! ma/]s 9 ,florida & ,georgia4 ,!y d>$ n tru/ !mselves )9 ! p[] ( our troops1 le/ !y %\ld be reconsign$ to slav]y4 ,!y ex]t$ a /rong influ5ce ) ! ,indians aga9/ emigration4 ,!re 7 also1 9 almo/ e b& & small village ( ,indians1 ,exiles :o _h int]m>ri$ ) ,indian families4 ,!y c\ld n well sep>ate f _! family connexions1 & !re=e refus$ to surr5d] = emigration1 until ^? relatives w\ld g ) !m4 ,by ! tw5tie? ( ,novemb]1 fifty-two w>riors & a hundr$ & t5 wom5 & *ildr5--mak+ 9 all "o hundr$ & sixty-two p--7 ga!r$ f ! b&s ( ,tig]-tail & ,ne?loke-,ma?la2 "s ?irty ( :om 7 ,exiles1 int]m>ri$ ) ! ,indians & half-bre$s4 ,capta9 ,wade made a =ay into ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 & captur$ "s sixty-five ,indians & ,exiles ( two diff]5t b&s1 by surprise1 & )\t blood%$4 ,!y 7 mo/ly wom5 & *ildr51 & 7 at once s5t =w>d to ,tampa ,bay = emigration4 ,ab\t ! close ( ,novemb]1 ,waxe-,hadjo1 a "y *ief f ! ,cypress ,swamp1 ) sev5te5 w>riors & m ?an ?irty wom5 & *ildr5--"s t5 or twelve ( :om 7 half-bre$s1 desc5dants ( ,exiles & ,sem9oles--surr5d]$1 & 7 s5t to ,=t ,brooke = emigration4 ,:ile ev]y?+ ?us wore ! appe>ance ( peace1 & all 7 reg>d+ ! w> z ne> its close1 a small settlem5t ( :ite p1 at a place call$ ,m&>91 tw5ty-two miles f ,jacksonville1 0 assail$ 9 op5 day1 & five ( ! p murd]$4 ,?is attack 0 conduct$ by a small p>ty ( ,indians1 less ?an tw5ty 9 numb]1 :o _h come f ! int]ior1 & 9 a /eal?y mann] approa*$ ?is settlem5t1 committ$ ! murd]s1 & retir$ be=e any troops c\ld be br\ght to ! sc5e ( slaught]4 ,ne> ! close ( ! ye>1 ! au?orities ( ,georgia & ,florida gave evid5ce ( _! dissatisfaction ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,g5]al ,wor? 0 conduct+ ! w>4 ,! militia ( nei!r ,florida nor ,georgia 7 call$ on to p>ticipate 9 ! w>4 ,no opportunities 7 af=d$ !m ( seiz+ negroes & sell+ !m into slav]y2 none b ! regul> sutl]s 7 p]mitt$ to encamp ) or ne> ! troops2 9 %ort1 ! w>1 z !n conduct$1 af=d$ !m b little pr(it4 ,g5]al ,wor? _h enc\rag$ ! return ( ! p to _! homes & plantations1 & v few ( !m n[ drew rations f ! public /ores = _! support4 ,he _h dis*>g$ citiz5s & _! slaves f public employm5t1 & ! w> 0 c>ri$ on )\t p]mitt+ ! p1 or politicians ( ,georgia or ,florida1 to int]f]e or dictate ! mann] ( its prosecution4 ,?is proce$+ ( ,g5]al ,wor? greatly excit$ ! p & ,executive ( ,georgia1 :o insi/$ ^u furni%+ militia to c>ry on ! w>4 ,! ,secret>y ( ,w> ref]r$ ! matt] at once to ,g5]al ,wor?1 & a mo/ int]e/+ & amus+ correspond5ce foll[$ betwe5 ! ,executive ( ,georgia & ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al4 ,! latt] refus+ to call = militia f t ,/ate1 !y 7 mu/]$ )\t 8 au?ority1 & he 0 reque/$ by ,gov]nor ,mc,donald to )draw ! ,unit$ ,/ates =ces f ! ,georgia fronti]s4 ,z !re 0 !n no enemy ne> t ,/ate1 & no dang] to ! inhabitants1 he remov$ ! troops1 & ! ,georgia militia 7 ord]$ by ! ,gov]nor to take _! place4 ,!y did s ) ! confid5t expectation t ,g5]al ,wor? w\ld furni% rations & hospital supplies & arms f ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ores4 ,b he refus$ to d ?is1 & ! gallant militia ( t ,/ate imm$iately retir$ to _! homes 9 ord] to d9e4 ,! correspond5ce on ?is subject cont9u$ until ,may1 #ahdb1 & %[s ! skillful managem5t ( individuals to get up al>ms 9 reg>d to ! suppos$ pres5ce ( ho/ile ,indians1 & !reby manife/ ! necessity ( po/+ troops 9 c]ta9 localities1 :]e !re _h probably nev] be5 an enemy4 ,to give importance to ^! c\nt]feit$ al>ms1 lett]s 7 writt51 & pres5tm5ts 7 made by ,gr& ,juries4 ,! ,delegate f ! ,t]ritory ( ,florida dem&$ ( ! ,executive ! employm5t ( militia = ! protection ( ! fronti]1 & t su* militia be au?oriz$ to act indep5d5tly ( ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al4 ,hon4 ,john ,c4 ,sp5c]1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 repli$1 t ! ,dep>tm5t c\ld see no p>ticul> advantage to be d]iv$ f su* a division ( ! duties ( ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al2 &1 z he _h no d\bt ,g5]al ,wor? w\ld d :atev] 0 prop]1 he ref]r$ ! :ole matt] to 8 consid]ation4 ,_h ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 #ahcf & '#cg1 adopt$ ! policy :i* guid$ ,g5]al ,wor?2 _h he s5t 8 prison]s to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry )\t p]mitt+ ! militia1 or ! p ( ,florida1 to seize & enslave ^? :om he _h engag$ to protect & def5d1 !re is little d\bt t ! w> w\ld h be5 clos$ dur+ ! "t he 0 employ$ 9 ,florida4 ,dur+ ! la/ days ( ,decemb]1 ,tu/5uggee ,*opco1 a sub-*ief1 & ab\t sev5ty foll[]s1 consi/+ ( w>riors1 wom5 & *ildr51 a proportion ( :om 7 ,exiles & half-bre$s1 surr5d]$ ne> ! ,great ,cypress ,swamp1 & 7 also s5t to ,=t ,brooke = emigration4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdc4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ?is ye> sev]al m companies ( troops 7 dis*>g$1 ! numb] ( ! enemy be+ s f> dim9i%$ z to r5d] _! pres5ce useless4 ,on ! fif? ( ,febru>y1 "s ?ree hundr$ & fifty ,indians & ,exiles 7 emb>k$ at ,tampa ,bay = ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry4 ,!y 9 due "t rea*$ ,=t ,gibson1 & took up _! resid5ce ) ^? :o _h gone be=e !m1 & 7 /ill resid+ ^u ! l&s ( ! ,*]okees4 ,on ! f\rte5? ( ,febru>y1 ,g5]al ,wor? address$ ! ,comm&+ ,g5]al ( our army1 at ,wa%+ton ,city1 a communication1 giv+ a detail$ /atem5t ( ! numb] ( ,indians yet rema9+ 9 ,florida--am\nt+ 9 all to ?ree hundr$1 accord+ to ! be/ in=mation he _h be5 able to obta94 ,he also /at$ ! impossibility ( captur+ ^! individuals1 scatt]$ z !y 7 ov] a va/ ext5t ( c\ntry1 & advis+ t !y be dealt )1 h5ce=?1 9 a peaceful mann]2 & t at lea/ five-six?s ( ! troops !n employ$ 9 ,florida be )drawn1 & an equal proportion ( ! exp5ses ( ! w> be curtail$4 ,he propos$ s5d+ a portion ( ^? fri5dly ,indians :o rema9$ at ,=t ,brooke1 among ! ho/iles1 to cont9ue ) !m1 & ex]t :at influ5ce !y c\ld 9 favor ( peace & ( emigration2 ) ! assurance1 t no fur!r ho/ilities w\ld be prosecut$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates :ile ! ,indians rema9$ peaceful4 ,! proposition1 h[ev]1 0 reject$ by ! ,executive2 & ,g5]al ,wor? cont9u$ to c>ry =w>d ! "w :i* he _h prosecut$ ?us f> ) su* signal success4 ,he dismiss$ m troops f s]vice 9 ,florida2 dis*>g$ employees 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts "u 8 comm&1 & made su* retr5*m5ts z he 0 able to effect1 )\t detract+ f ! effici5cy ( ! public s]vice4 ,on ! sixte5? ( ,april1 ! troops fell 9 ) ,hallec ,tu/5uggee1 :o1 ) "s sev5ty w>riors ( 8 own & o!r b&s1 0 encamp$ ^u an isl& 9 ! ,great ,wahoo ,swamp1 & aft] an irregul> fight ( two h\rs1 r\t$ !m4 ,! loss 0 slight on bo? sides4 ,our troops _h "o man kill$1 & f\r w\nd$2 ! allies ?ree w\nd$1 :om !y c>ri$ f ! field4 ,?is 0 ! la/ battle f\ght 9 ! ,florida ,w>4 ,! ,indians scatt]$ 9 v>i\s directions1 & 9 t way evad$ pursuit4 ,halec ,tu/5uggee 0 a mo/ skillful w>rior3 bold & d>+ 9 8 policy1 yet capable ( dissimulation & trea*]y4 ,he _h be5 ! object ( pursuit = two ye>s4 ,8 unceas+ vigilance _h enabl$ him to bid defiance to civiliz$ troops4 ,he 0 n[ ne>ly de/itute ( p[d] & provisions1 &1 z an alt]native1 pr(ess$ a desire = peace4 ,he came into ! ,am]ican camp boldly1 %ook h&s ) ,g5]al ,wor?1 & proclaim$ 8 pacific purpose4 ,8 pr(essions 7 treat$ ) great app>5t respect4 ,he want$ provisions = 8 b&4 ,!y 7 encamp$ )9 ?ree miles ( ,g5]al ,wor?'s head-qu>t]s1 & 7 f$ at public exp5se4 ,& :5 ! :ole b& _h come )9 ! l9es1 = ! purpose ( att5d+ a fea/1 !y 7 secur$ z prison]s1 & imm$iately s5t to ,tampa ,bay = emigration2 &1 on ! f\rte5? ( ,july1 ?is entire b&1 consi/+ ( "o hundr$ & tw5ty p]sons1 emb>k$ = ,=t ,gibson1 by way ( ,new ,orleans4 ,!y rea*$ _! de/9ation 9 safety2 & mo/ ( !m took up _! resid5ce ) _! bre?r51 ! ,sem9oles2 :ile o!rs jo9$ ! ,creeks4 ,! ,f$]al ,executive1 hav+ m maturely consid]$ ! sugge/ions ( ,g5]al ,wor?1 at l5g? conclud$ to acc$e to 8 propositions = a pacification ) ! rema9+ ho/iles 9 ,florida4 ,t (fic]1 hav+ secur$ ,halec ,tu/5uggee & 8 b&1 & s5t !m ,we/1 n[ dispat*$ 8 mess5g]s to ^? small b&s ( ho/iles :i* rema9$1 invit+ !m to hold a c\ncil & ent] into an arrangem5t1 bas$ ^u ! condition1 t ! allies %\ld rema9 9 ! s\!rn portion ( ! ,p59sula ( ,florida1 conf9$ to c]ta9 limits1 & ab/a9 f all acts ( aggression ^u _! :ite neighbors4 ,mo/ ( ^! small b&s s5t *iefs1 or sub-*iefs1 to att5d ! c\ncil2 & t]ms ( peace 7 agre$ to1 & ! foll[+ ,g5]al ,ord] 0 issu$3 ,,ord]1 ,,head ,,qu>t]s ,,n9? ,,milit>y ,,dep>tm5t1 ,no4 #bh4 ,c$> ,key1 ,florida1 ,augu/ #ad1 #ahdc4 ,x is h]eby ann\nc$1 t ho/ilities ) ! ,indians )9 ?is ,t]ritory h ceas$4 ,measures are tak5 to pass ! few rema9+ ,indians )9 c]ta9 limits--^? 9 ! f> s\? imm$iately2 ^? we/ ( ! ,suwanee 9 a few days1 :o1 meantime1 !re is e reasonable assurance1 w conduct in(f5sively if unmole/$ 9 _! haunts4 ,! l&s ?us tempor>ily assign$1 z _! plant+ & hunt+ gr\nds1 are )9 ! foll[+ b\nd>ies1 to wit3 ,f ! m\? ( ,talock*opco1 or ,pease ,creek1 up ! left bank ( t /ream to ! =k ( ! s\!rn bran*1 &1 foll[+ t bran*1 to ! head or nor!rn edge ( ,lake ,i/okpoga2 !nce d[n ! ea/]n m>g9 ( t lake to ! /ream :i* empties into ! ,kissimee ,riv]1 foll[+ ! left bank ( ! said /ream & riv] to :]e ! latt] empties into ,lake ,okee*obee2 !nce d[n1 due s\?1 ?r\gh said lake & ev]glades to ,%>k ,riv]1 foll[+ ! "r bank ( t riv] to ! ,gulf2 !nce along ! ,gulf %ore 7exclud+ all isl&s betwe5 ,punta ,rosa & ! head ( ,*>lotte's ,h>bor7 to ! place ( beg9n+4 ,! =ego+ arrangem5ts are 9 accordance ) ! in/ructions ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ord] ( ,col4 ,,wor?3 ,s4 ,,coop]1 ,a4 ,a4 ,g5]al4 ,mo/ ( ! troops 7 n[ )drawn f ,florida4 ,g5]al ,wor? retir$ f ! comm&1 & ! ,florida ,w> 0 suppos$ to h end$4 ,x _h be5 comm5c$ ) a det]m9ation to renslave ! ,exiles4 ,t object 01 9 "p1 atta9$4 ,m ?an five hundr$ p]sons 7 seiz$ & enslav$1 betwe5 ! fir/ ( ,janu>y1 #ahce1 & ! f\rte5? ( ,augu/1 #ahdc4 ,probably "o half ( !m _h be5 born free2 ! o!rs _h !mselves escap$ f slav]y4 ,to effect ?is object1 =ty millions ( doll>s 7 suppos$ to h be5 exp5d$4 ,eighty ?\s& doll>s 0 paid f ! public treasury = ! enslavem5t ( ea* p]son1 & ! lives ( at lea/ ?ree :ite m5 7 sacrific$ to insure ! enslavem5t ( ea* black man4 ,! det]ioration ( our national morality 0 beyond e/imate1 & ! disgrace ( our nation & gov]nm5t are matt]s incapable ( computation4 ,! suff]+ ( ! ,indians & ,exiles amid/ su* prolong$ p]secution1 su* loss ( lives & prop]ty1 we _c e/imate4 ,! fri5ds & families :o 7 sep>at$1 ! numb] ( ^? :o 7 made wret*$ = life1 ! brok5 he>ts1 we w n attempt to enum]ate4 ,ne>ly "o half ( ! :ole numb] 7 consign$ to ! moral dea? ( slav]y1 & _m to t physical dea? :i* 0 dread$ f> less ?an slav]y4 ,aft] w&]+ 9 ! wild]ness ?rice =ty ye>s1 !y fell "u ! oppression1 ! p]secution1 ! p[] ( a mighty nation1 :i* boa/s ( its ju/ice1 its honor1 & love ( lib]ty4 ,we lam5t ! sad fate ( ^? :o di$ 9 t /ruggle2 b ) deep] angui%1 & f> ke5] mortification1 we deplore ! unhappy lot ( ^? :o 7 doom$ to drag out a mis]able exi/5ce1 amid/ *a9s & wret*$ness1 surr\nd$ by t moral d>kness :i* broods ov] ! enslav$ portion ( our fell[-be+s 9 ! ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,!re are yet rema9+ 9 ,florida a few desc5dants ( ! pione] ,exiles4 ,!y are int]m>ri$ ) ! b&s ( ,billy ,b[legs1 & ( ,sam ,jones1 sometimes call$ ,aripeka2 !y are n[ mo/ly half-bre$s1 & are rapidly becom+ amalgamat$ ) ! ,indian race4 ,besides ^!1 !re are a numb] ( ,spani% ,refugees1 or color$ p :o fl$ f ,spani% ma/]s & took up _! resid5ce ) ^? call$ ,spani% ,indians4 ,^! did n engage 9 ! w> until #ahdj3 nor did !y !n engage 9 any ( ! battles ) our army2 !y cont5t$ !mselves ) plund]+ %ips wreck$ on _! coa/1 & ! =ay ^u ,indian ,key4 ,!y refus$ to s5d delegates to ! c\ncil summon$ by ,g5]al ,wor?1 to e/abli% t]ms ( pacification4 ,!y live indep5d5t ( ! :ite p1 subsi/+ mo/ly on fi% & ! natural products ( ! soil1 hold+ v little int]c\rse ) ei!r :ite m5 or o!r ,indians4 ,desc5dants ( ,exile p>5ts1 !y h ! complexion & appe>ance ( pure ,spani>ds2 b !y are rapidly bl5d+ ) ! ,indians1 & =m+ a mix$ race4 ,^! diff]5t b&s1 rema9+ 9 ,florida1 & aggregat+ into a di/9ct p1 h on sev]al occasions s9ce #ahdc1 giv5 evid5ce ( implacable ho/ility to ! :ites4 ,& at ! "t ( writ+ ?is n>rative1 !y are engag$ 9 op5 w>2 :ile ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is endeavor+ to secure peace 9 ! same mann] & ^u ! same t]ms on :i* ,g5]al ,wor? obta9$ x1 9 #ahdc4 ,_! future hi/ory may1 h]eaft]1 occupy ! p5 ( "s o!r hi/orian4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,exiles ,,cont9u$4 ,"* ( ,abraham--,8 k ( ! ,treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+--,its /ipulations--,g5]al ,jessup's assurances--,confirm$ by o!r ,(fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t--,disappo9tm5t ( ,exiles on rea*+ ,we/]n ,c\ntry--,!y refuse to ent] ,creek jurisdiction--,creeks disappo9t$--,g5]al ,cass's policy ( reunit+ ,tribes--,ag5t attempts to pacify ,exiles--,hospitality ( ,*]okees--,discont5t ( all ! ,tribes--,sem9oles l\d 9 _! compla9ts--,ho/ilities appreh5d$--,conduct ( ,executive--,ag5ts select$ to negotiate ano!r ,treaty--,treaty /ipulations--,attempts to falsify hi/ory--,executive action unkn[n to ! p4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdd4 ,! ,exiles 7 n[ all locat$ on ! ,*]okee l&s1 we/ ( ! ,/ate ( ,arkansas4 ,!y _h be5 remov$ f ,florida at great exp5se ( blood & treasure2 b !y 7 yet free1 & ! object ( ! ,adm9i/ration _h n be5 atta9$4 ,consci\s ( ! designs ( ! ,creeks1 ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles refus$ to tru/ !mselves )9 ,creek jurisdiction4 ,!y 7 t5ants at w ( ! ,*]okees1 ^: hospitality _h furni%$ !m ) tempor>y homes until ! ,gov]nm5t %\ld fulfill its treaty /ipulations1 9 furni%+ !m a t]ritory to _! sep>ate use4 ,abraham 01 p]haps1 ! mo/ influ5tial man among ! ,exiles4 ,he _h be5 a witness & int]pret] 9 mak+ ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+1 & _h dictat$ ! important provision 9 ! supplem5tal treaty2 he _h ex]t$ 8 influ5ce 9 favor ( emigration2 to him1 !re=e1 8 p look$ ) m confid5ce ?an to any o!r individual4 ,9 all 8 int]c\rse ) our (fic]s1 he _h be5 assur$ ( ! int5tion to fulfill ^? treaties2 & :5 he f\nd ! ,gov]nm5t hesitat+ on t po9t1 he became indignant1 & s did o!rs ( 8 b&4 ,b he c\ld only express 8 indignation to ! ,ag5t appo9t$ to sup]9t5d _! affairs & supply _! wants4 ,^! compla9ts 7 made kn[n to ! ,indian ,bureau1 at ,wa%+ton2 b !y 7 unhe$$1 & ! ,exiles & _! fri5ds liv$ on 9 ! va9 hope t ! ,adm9i/ration w\ld at "s day r$eem ! pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation1 & assign !m a t]ritory = _! sep>ate use1 :]e !y c\ld live indep5d5t ( ! ,creeks1 z !y _h done = ne>ly a c5tury pa/4 ,nor is x easy = m5 at ?is day to appreciate t feel+ :i* s /ubbornly s\ght _! enslavem5t2 we c only acc\nt = ?is unyield+ purpose1 f ! long-e/abli%$ practice ( s wield+ ! p[] & influ5ce ( ! nation z be/ to promote ! int]e/s ( slav]y4 ,x is c]ta91 t x w\ld h co/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates no m to set (f to ! ,exiles & ,sem9ole ,indians a sep>ate t]ritory1 on :i* !y c\ld live free & indep5d5t1 ?an x w\ld to con/ra9 !m to settle on ! ,creek l&s1 & subject !m to ,creek laws1 & ,creek despotism1 & ,creek s]vitude4 ,g5]al ,jackson1 9 #ahaf1 _h ord]$ ,bl\nt's ,=t to be de/roy$ & ! negroes return$ to ^? :o own$ !m4 ,to effect ?is latt] object1 9 #ahbb1 he propos$ to compel ! ,sem9ole ,indians to return & reunite ) ! ,creeks4 ,if at any "t !re 7 o!r reasons = ! frauds committ$ ^u ! ,exiles & ,indians--= ! violations ( ! pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation--x is hop$ t "s ( ! (fic]s :o act$ a prom95t "p 9 ^? sc5es ( trea*]y & turpitude1 or _! biograph]s1 w yet in=m ! public ( _! exi/5ce4 ,settl$1 z ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles n[ 7 on ! ,*]okee l&s1 all p>ties conc]n$ 7 necess>ily dissatisfi$4 ,! ,creeks 7 disappo9t$1 & greatly dissatisfi$ at n hav+ ! ,exiles 9 _! p[]1 & *>g$ our ,gov]nm5t ) bad fai? 9 n deliv]+ t extraord9>y p into _! h&s4 ,! ,*]okees _h assur$ ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles t our ,gov]nm5t w\ld deal honorably ) !m1 & w\ld fai?fully c>ry out ! treaty ( ,payne's ,l&+1 ) ! proviso conta9$ 9 ! supplem5tal treaty2 & !y 7 n[ greatly dissatisfi$ at ! refusal ( ! ,executive to obs]ve ?is solemn /ipulation2 :ile ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles 7 indignant at ! deception1 fraud & p]fidy practic$ ^u !m4 ,compla9ts aga9/ ! ,gov]nm5t n[ became g5]al among all ^! tribes4 ,all _h be5 deceiv$2 all _h be5 wrong$2 & all became l\d 9 _! d5unciations ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,?is feel+ became m int5se z "t pass$ away4 ,x 0 9 va9 t our ,indian ag5ts & milit>y (fic]s at ! ,we/ endeavor$ to quiet ?is /ate ( g5]al discont5t4 ,! newspap]s ( t day gave intimations ( difficulties among ! ,indians at ! ,we/2 !y /at$1 9 g5]al t]ms1 ! dang] ( ho/ilities1 b omitt$ all allusion to ! cause ( ?is disquietude4 ,! ,executive appe>$ to be p>alyz$ ) ! difficulties n[ ?r[n 9 8 way4 ,he urg$ ^u ! ,indian ag5ts & milit>y (fic]s to use all possible ef=ts to suppress ^! feel+s ( ho/ility1 :i* n[ appe>$ ready to bur/ =? ^u ! fir/ occasion2 coolly insi/+ t1 at "s future day1 ! ,sem9oles & ,exiles w\ld cons5t to remove on to ! ,creek t]ritory4 ,at l5g? ! dang] ( ho/ilities became s imm95t1 t ! ,executive deem$ x necess>y to ent] ^u fur!r negotiation 9 ord] to effect ! long *]i%$ purpose ( subject+ ! ,exiles to ,creek jurisdiction & consequ5t slav]y4 ,to effect ?is object x 0 necess>y to select suitable in/rum5ts4 ,f\r ,indian ,ag5ts1 hold+ _! (fices by ! ,executive favor1 7 appo9t$ to hold a ,c\ncil ) _! discont5t$ tribes1 & if possible to negotiate a new treaty ) !m4 ,x is some:at s+ul> t no /atesman1 no p]son favorably kn[n to ! public1 or possess+ public confid5ce1 0 select$ = s important a s]vice4 ,sid5ote3 #ahde4 ,( c\rse any treaty =m$ "u su* circum/ances & by su* ag5ts w\ld con=m to ! ,executive w4 ,! treaty be>s date on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,janu>y2 & we ins]t ! preamble & ^? articles :i* h p>ticul> relation to ! subject matt] ( :i* we are speak+4 ,!y are z foll[s3 ,articles ( a ,treaty made by ,wm4 ,arm/rong1 ,p4 ,m4 ,butl]1 ,james ,segan & ,?omas ,s4 ,judge1 ,commission]s 9 behalf ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ( ! fir/ "p2 ! ,creek ,tribe ( ,indians ( ! second "p1 & ! ,sem9ole ,indians ( ! ?ird "p3 ,,:]eas1 ,x 0 /ipulat$ 9 ! f\r? article ( ! ,creek ,treaty ( #ahcc1 t ! ,sem9oles %\ld !nce =w>d be consid]$ a con/itu5t "p ( ! ,creek nation1 & t a p]man5t & com=table home %\ld be secur$ = !m on ! l&s set ap>t 9 said treaty z ! c\ntry ( ! ,creeks2 & :]eas1 _m ( ! ,sem9oles h settl$ & are n[ liv+ 9 ! ,creek ,c\ntry1 :ile o!rs1 con/itut+ a l>ge portion ( ! tribe1 h refus$ to make _! homes 9 any "p !re(1 assign+1 z a reason1 t !y are unwill+ to submit to ,creek laws & ,gov]nm5t1 & t !y are appreh5sive ( be+ depriv$ by ! ,creek au?orities ( _! prop]ty2 & :]eas1 repeat$ compla9ts h be5 made to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t1 t ^? ( ! ,sem9oles :o refuse to g into ! ,creek ,c\ntry h1 )\t au?ority or "r1 settl$ ^u l&s secur$ to o!r tribes1 & t !y h committ$ num]\s & ext5sive depr$ations ^u ! prop]ty ( ^? ^u ^: l&s !y h intrud$3 ,n[1 !re=e1 9 ord] to reconcile all difficulties respect+ location & jurisdiction2 to settle all disput$ que/ions :i* h aris51 or may h]eaft] arise1 9 reg>d to rights ( prop]ty2 &1 especially1 to pres]ve ! peace ( ! fronti]1 s]i\sly endang]$ by ! re/less & w>like _s ( ! intrud+ ,sem9oles1 ! p>ties to ?is treaty h agre$ to ! foll[+ /ipulations3 ,,article #a4 ,! ,creeks agree t ! ,sem9oles %all be entitl$ to settle 9 a body1 or sep>ately1 z !y please1 9 any "p ( ! ,creek ,c\ntry2 t !y %all make _! own t[n regulations1 subject1 h[ev]1 to ! g5]al control ( ! ,creek ,c\ncil 9 :i* !y %all be repres5t$2 &1 9 %ort1 t no di/9ction %all be made betwe5 ! two tribes 9 any respect1 except 9 ! managem5t ( _! pecuni>y affairs2 9 :i* nei!r %all int]f]e ) ! o!r4 ,,art #b4 ,! ,sem9oles agree t ^? ( _! tribe :o h n done s be=e ! ratification ( ?is treaty1 %all imm$iately !reaft] remove to1 & p]man5tly settle 91 ! ,creek ,c\ntry4 ,,art4 #c4 ,x is mutually agre$ by ! ,creeks & ,sem9oles t all conte/$ cases betwe5 ! two tribes1 conc]n+ ! "r ( prop]ty gr[+ out ( sales or transactions t may h occurr$ previ\s to ! ratification ( ?is treaty1 %all be subject to ! decision ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! lead+ feature ( ?is treaty1 is a /udi$ ef=t to make no allusion to ! ,exiles1 or to recognize _! exi/5ce 9 any way4 ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 ! articles ( capitulation1 _h expressly /ipulat$ = ! protection ( ! p]sons & prop]ty ( ! allies ( ! ,sem9oles2 b = half a c5tury ef=ts _h be5 made to exclude !m f ! page ( our national hi/ory1 & nev] 0 t policy m /rik+ly illu/rat$ ?an 9 ?is treaty4 ,z h]et(ore /at$1 ! ,sem9oles 7 said to own "s =ty slaves2 b ! ,au?or has be5 unable to f9d any h9t or intimation t any "o ( ^? slaves 0 claim$ by ! ,creeks3 yet ef=ts 7 made to falsify ! tru? ( hi/ory by repres5t+ ! f\r or five hundr$ ,exiles n[ liv+ ) ! ,sem9oles to be slaves to _! fri5ds & allies4 ,! next extraord9>y feature ( ! treaty1 is ! recital ( ! ,creek treaty z b9d+ ^u ! ,sem9oles1 :5 !y _h be5 no p>ty to x1 nor ev5 _h k ( its exi/5ce4 ,b ! ?ird article is t on :i* bo? ,exiles & ,sem9oles appe> to h reli$4 ,?9k+ ! ,presid5t w\ld d ju/ice2 feel+ !mselves subject to ! p[] ( ! ,executive1 & press$ on all sides to acc$e to t]ms ( pacification1 !y sign$ ! treaty z ! be/ alt]native t lay be=e !m4 ,9 accordance ) ! pa/ policy ( ! ,adm9i/ration1 ?is treaty 0 )held f publication4 ,x 0 ( c\rse submitt$ to ! ,s5ate 9 secret session = approval4 ,x 0 !n am5d$1 & /ill kept f ! public = ne>ly two ye>s aft] its negotiation4 ,,note4--,at ! session ( ,congress1 #ahde-f1 a bill conta9+1 among _m o!r ?+s1 an appropriation to c>ry out ?is treaty1 0 report$ by ! committee on ,ways & ,means1 ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,! treaty itself yet lay conceal$ 9 ! (fice ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,s5ate1 :]e x _h be5 ratifi$ 9 secret session1 & n a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives _h se5 x1 unless x 0 ! ,*airman ( ! committee ( ,ways & ,means1 or o!r confid5tial fri5ds ( ! ,executive1 to :om x 0 giv5 = p]sonal exam9ation4 ,! bill 0 pr9t$1 & ! ,au?or see+ ?is provision1 det]m9$ to "k some?+ ( ! treaty1 be=e vot+ money to c>ry x into effect4 ,= ?is purpose1 he call$ on "o ( ! ,s5ators f ,ohio 7,hon4 ,?omas ,corw971 to get a copy ( ! treaty4 ,mr4 ,corw9 w5t ) him to ! (fice ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,s5ate1 & aft] mu* inquiry1 & pass+ f "o cl]k to ano!r1 a copy 0 obta9$4 ,:5 ! bill came up = discussion1 inquiry 0 made z to ! treaty1 its "* & object4 ,no memb] appe>$ to h any k ( x1 save ! ,*airman ( ! committee ( ,ways & ,means1 7,mr4 ,mc,kay ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a74 ,! ,au?or ( ?is "w endeavor$ to give ! ,h\se "s idea ( its orig91 &1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 rem>ks1 ref]r$ to ! mann] 9 :i* ! ,/ate ( ,georgia _h be5 implicat$ 9 ! p]secution ( ! ,exiles4 ,?is ref]5ce to ! ,/ate ( ,georgia awak5$ ! ire ( ,mr4 ,black1 a ,repres5tative f t ,/ate1 :o advanc$ t[>d ! ,au?or ) uplift$ cane1 z if to inflict p]sonal *a/isem5t1 & q a scne foll[$1 :i* at ! "t creat$ "s s5sation 9 ! c\ntry4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,reunion ,,& ,,f9al ,,exodus4 ,difficulties 9 effect+ a reunion ( ,tribes--,its objects--,exiles & ,sem9oles move on to ,creek ,l&s--,!y settle 9 sep>ate ,villages--,creeks dem& ,exiles z ,slaves--,exiles arm !mselves--,!y flee to ,=t ,gibson--,dem& protection ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates--,g5]al ,arbuckle protects !m--,reports facts to ,dep>tm5t--,adm9i/ration emb>rass$--,call on ,g5]al ,jessup = facts--,he writes ,g5]al ,arbuckle--,reports facts to ! ,presid5t--,presid5t hesitates--,ref]s "q to ,attorney ,g5]al--,extraord9>y op9ion ( t ,(fic]--,mann] 9 :i* ,mr4 ,mason 0 plac$ 9 (fice--,exiles return to _! ,village--,slavehold]s dissatisfi$--,slave-deal] among ! ,creeks--,8 (f]--,!y capture ne> "o hundr$ ,exiles--,!y are deliv]$ to ! ,slave-deal]--,habeas ,corpus 9 ,arkansas--,decision ( ,judge--,exiles hurri$ to ,new ,orleans & sold z ,slaves--,ev5ts ( #ahej--;,exiles dep>t = ,mexico--,are pursu$ by ,creeks--,battle--,! ,exiles cont9ue _! j\rney--,!y settle ne> ,santa ,rosa--,! fate :i* diff]5t portions ( ! ,exiles met--,incid5ts :i* occurr$ aft] _! settlem5t 9 ,mexico--,conclusion4 ,sid5ote3 #ahdf4 ,! ,creeks & ,sem9oles _h be5 sep>at$ = ne>ly a c5tury4 ,!y _h mo/ ( t "t liv$ "u sep>ate gov]nm5ts4 ,ea* ,tribe _h be5 controll$ by _! own laws2 & ea* _h be5 indep5d5t ( ! o!r4 ,!y _h (t5 be5 at w> ) ea* o!r2 & ! mo/ deadly feuds _h be5 eng5d]$ & /ill subsi/$ among !m4 ,to unite !m ) ! ,creeks1 & blot ! "n ( ,sem9ole f ! page ( _! future hi/ory1 9 ord] to involve ! ,exiles 9 slav]y1 _h long be5 a *]i%$ object ) ! adm9i/ration ( our ,gov]nm5t4 ,x 0 n[ fondly hop$1 t t object w\ld be accompli%$ )\t fur!r difficulty4 ,b at no p]iod _h ! ,sem9ole ,indians reg>d$ ! ,exiles ) great] favor ?an !y did :5 remov+ on to ! t]ritory assign$ to ! ,creeks4 ,al?\gh _m ( !m _h int]m>ri$ ) ! ,sem9oles1 & half-bre$s 7 n[ common among ! ,indians2 yet mo/ ( ! desc5dants ( ! pione]s :o fl$ f ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,georgia ma9ta9$ _! id5tity ( "*1 liv+ by !mselves1 & ma9ta9+ ! purity ( ! ,african race4 ,!y yet *]i%$ ?is love ( _! own k9dr$ & color2 & :5 !y remov$ on to ! ,creek l&s1 !y settl$ 9 sep>ate villages3 & ! ,sem9ole ,indians appe>$ g5]ally to co9cide ) ! ,exiles 9 ! propriety ( ea* ma9ta9+ _! di/9ctive "*4 ,dur+ ! summ] & autumn bo? ,indians & ,exiles became resid5ts )9 ,creek jurisdiction2 & ! ,executive seem$ to reg>d ! tru/ held "u ! assignm5t made at ,indian ,spr+1 tw5ty-f\r ye>s previ\sly1 z n[ fulfill$4 ,reg>d+ ! ,creeks z hold+ ! equitable or b5eficial int]e/ 9 ! bodies ( ! ,exiles1 "u ! assignm5t f _! own]s to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & !y be+ n[ br\ght "u ,creek jurisdiction1 subject to ,creek laws1 ! ,executive felt t 8 obligations 7 dis*>g$1 & ! :ole matt] left ) ! ,creeks4 ,?is op9ion appe>s also to h be5 ent]ta9$ by ! ,creek ,indians2 = no soon] _h ! ,exiles & ,sem9oles locat$ !mselves )9 ,creek jurisdiction1 ?an ! ,exiles 7 claim$ z ! legitimate slaves ( ! ,creeks4 ,to ^! dem&s ! ,exiles & ,sem9oles repli$1 t ! ,presid5t1 "u ! treaty ( #ahde1 0 b\nd to he> & det]m9e all que/ions aris+ betwe5 !m4 ,! dem&s 71 !re=e1 c]tifi$ to ! prop] dep>tm5t = decision4 ,b ?is sett+ 9 judgm5t ^u ! heav5-end[$ "r ( man to 8 lib]ty1 seem$ to involve m p]sonal & moral responsibility ?an 0 desirable = ! ,executive to assume1 & ! claims rema9$ undecid$4 ,! ,creeks became impati5t at delay2 !y 7 a slavehold+ p1 z well z _! m civiliz$ b m infidel bre?r51 ( ! slave ,/ates4 ,! ,exiles1 liv+ 9 _! own villages 9 ! enjoym5t ( p]fect fre$om1 _h already excit$ discont5t among ! slaves ( ! ,creek & ,*octaw ,tribes1 & ^? ( ,arkansas4 ,! ,creeks appe>$ to feel t x _h be5 f> bett] = !m to h kept ! ,exiles 9 ,florida1 ?an to br+ !m to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry to live 9 fre$om4 ,yet _! claims "u ! treaty ( #ahde1 ?us f>1 appe>$ to h be5 disreg>d$ by ! ,presid5t2 !y _h be5 unable to obta9 a decision on !m2 & !y n[ ?reat5$ viol5ce = ! purpose ( enslav+ ! ,exiles1 unless _! dem&s 7 peacefully conc$$4 ,! ,exiles1 yet confid5t t ! ,gov]nm5t w\ld fulfill its /ipulations to protect !m & _! prop]ty1 repair$ 9 a body to ,=t ,gibson1 & dem&$ protection ( ,g5]al ,arbuckle1 ! (fic] 9 comm&4 ,he _h no d\bt ( ! obligation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to l5d !m protection1 accord+ to ! express language ( ! articles ( capitulation ent]$ into ) ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 ,m>*1 #ahcg4 ,he1 !re=e1 direct$ ! :ole body ( ,exiles to encamp & rema9 ^u ! l&s res]v$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ne> ! =t1 & "u _! exclusive jurisdiction1 assur+ !m t no ,creek w\ld d>e set foot ^u t res]vation ) int5tions ( viol5ce t[>ds any p]son4 ,accord+ly ! ,exiles1 :o yet rema9$ free1 n[ encamp$ ar\nd ,=t ,gibson1 & 7 support$ by rations dealt out f ! public /ores4 ,soon z he c\ld asc]ta9 all ! facts1 ,g5]al ,arbuckle made report to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t relative to _! situation1 & ! claims :i* !y made to protection "u ! articles ( capitulation1 toge!r ) ! rights :i* ! ,creeks set up to renslave !m4 ,?is /ate ( circum/ances appe>s to h be5 unexpect$ by ! ,executive4 ,inde$1 he appe>s f ! comm5cem5t to h "u-rat$ ! difficulties :i* beset ! enslavem5t ( a p :o 7 det]m9$ ^u ! enjoym5t ( fre$om2 he seems to h expect$ ! negroes1 :5 once plac$ )9 ,creek jurisdiction1 w\ld h yield$ )\t fur!r ef=t4 ,b he 0 n[ plac$ 9 a position :i* con/ra9$ him ei!r to repudiate ! pl$g$ fai? ( ! nation1 or to protect ! ,exiles 9 _! p]sons & prop]ty1 accord+ to ! solemn cov5ants :i* ,g5]al ,jessup _h ent]$ into ) !m4 ,yet ! ,presid5t 0 dispos$ to make f>!r ef=ts to avoid ! responsibility ( decid+ ! "q be=e him4 ,g5]al ,jessup _h ent]$ into ! articles ( capitulation1 & ! ,presid5t appe>$ to ?9k he 0 compet5t to give con/ruction to !m2 he !re=e ref]r$ ! subject to t (fic]1 /at+ ! circum/ances1 & dem&+ ( him ! sub/ance ( 8 und]tak+ 9 reg>d to ! articles ( capitulation ) ! ,exiles4 ,g5]al ,jessup appe>s to h n[ felt a desire to d ju/ice to t fri5dless & p]secut$ p4 ,)\t wait+ to answ] ! ,presid5t1 he at once wrote ,g5]al ,arbuckle1 say+1 ,! case ( ! ,sem9ole negroes is n[ be=e ! ,presid5t4 ,by my proclamation & ! conv5tion made ) !m1 :5 !y sep>at$ f ! ,indians & surr5d]$1 !y are free4 ,! "q is1 :e!r !y %all be sep>at$ f ! ,sem9oles & remov$ to ano!r c\ntry2 or be all[$ to occupy1 z !y did 9 ,florida1 sep>ate villages 9 ! ,sem9ole ,c\ntry1 we/ ( ,arkansas8 ,! latt] is :at ,i promis$ !m4 ,i hope1 ,g5]al1 y w prev5t any int]f]5ce ) !m at ,=t ,gibson1 until ! ,presid5t det]m9es :e!r !y %all rema9 9 ! ,sem9ole ,c\ntry1 or be all[$ to remove to "s o!r4 ,g5]al ,arbuckle1 fai?ful to ! honor ( 8 ,gov]nm5t1 cont9u$ to protect ! ,exiles4 ,he f$ !m f ! public /ores1 n d\bt+ t ! ,executive w\ld r$eem ! pl$ge ( ! nation giv5 by ,g5]al ,jessup1 its au?oriz$ ag5t4 ,b ! ,presid5t 7,mr4 ,polk7 himself a slavehold]1 ) 8 prejudices & sympa?ies 9 favor ( ! in/itution1 did n und]/& ! articles ( capitulation accord+ to ! con/ruction put ^u !m by ,g5]al ,jessup2 he appe>s1 !re=e1 to h call$ on ! ,g5]al = a m explicit report ( facts4 ,9 reply to ?is call1 he report$1 say+1 ,at a meet+ ) ! ?ree ,indian *iefs1 & ! negro *iefs1 ,augu/e & ,c>ollo1 ,i /ipulat$ to recomm5d to ! ,presid5t to grant ! ,indians a small tract ( c\ntry 9 ! s\?-ea/]n "p ( ! ,p59sula2 b x 0 di/9ctly und]/ood t ! negroes 7 to be sep>at$ f !m at once1 & s5t ,we/1 :e!r ! ,indians 7 p]mitt$ to rema9 9 ,florida or n4 ,) ! negroes1 x 0 /ipulat$ t !y %\ld be s5t ,we/1 z a "p ( ! ,sem9ole nation1 & be settl$ 9 a sep>ate village1 "u ! ,,protection ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,9 ano!r lett]1 address$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 he says3 ,a v small portion ( ! ,sem9ole negroes :o w5t to ! ,we/1 7 br\ght 9 & surr5d]$ by _! own]s1 "u ! capitulation ( ,=t ,dade4 ,ov] ^! negroes ! ,indians h all ! rights ( ma/]s2 b all ! o!r negroes1 mak+ m ?an n9e-t5?s ( ! :ole numb]1 ei!r sep>at$ f ! ,indians & surr5d]$ to me1 or 7 captur$ by ! troops "u my comm&4 ,i1 z comm&] ( ! army1 & 9 ! capacity ( repres5tative ( my c\ntry1 solemnly pl$g$ ! national fai? t !y %\ld n be sep>at$1 nor any ( !m sold to :ite m5 or o!rs1 b be all[$ to settle & rema9 9 sep>ate villages1 ,,"u ,,! ,,protection ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,b ev5 ) ^! explicit /atem5ts be=e him1 ! ,presid5t appe>s to h be5 unable to =m an op9ion2 & he ref]r$ ! matt] to ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 ,hon4 ,john ,y4 ,mason1 ( ,virg9ia1 :o _h be5 br$ a slavehold]1 & fully sympa?iz$ ) ! slave p[]4 ,he1 hav+ exam9$ ! :ole subject1 deliv]$ a v elaborate op9ion1 embrac+ sev5 docum5t>y pages2#acb b conclud+ ) ! op9ion1 t al?\gh ! ,exiles 7 entitl$ to _! fre$om1 ! ,executive c\ld n int]f]e 9 any mann] to protect !m1 z /ipulat$ by ,g5]al ,jessup1 b mu/ leave !m to retire to _! ,t[ns 9 ! ,indian ,t]ritory1 :]e !y _h a "r to rema94 ,sid5ote3 #ahdh4 ,we %\ld be unfai?ful to our pl$g$ purpose1 7 we to omit c]ta9 important facts connect$ ) ?is op9ion ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al4 ,na?an ,clif=d1 ( ,ma9e1 0 appo9t$ ,attorney ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #ahdf1 soon aft] ! report ( ,g5]al ,arbuckle conc]n+ ! situation ( ! ,exiles rea*$ ,wa%+ton4 ,! subject 0 be=e ! ,presid5t m ?an two ye>s4 ,?is delay we _c acc\nt =1 unless x 7 to save ,mr4 ,clif=d 7be+ a ,nor!rn man7 f ! responsibility ( decid+ ?is "q1 involv+ important int]e/s ( ! slavehold+ portion ( our ,union4 ,9 #ahdh ,mr4 ,clif=d 0 appo9t$ ,m9i/] to ,mexico1 & ,hon4 ,isaac ,t\cey1 ( ,connecticut1 0 appo9t$ ,attorney ,g5]al4 ,b he1 too1 0 f a free ,/ate1 & x w\ld ?r[ ^u him great responsibility 7 he con/ra9$ to act ^u ?is subject4 ,7 he to decide 9 favor ( ! ,exiles1 x might ru9 8 popul>ity at ! ,s\?2 & if aga9/ !m1 x w\ld h an equally fatal effect at ! ,nor?4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 rec\rse 0 _h to an exp$i5t4 ,be=e ,mr4 ,t\cey ent]$ ^u ! dis*>ge ( 8 (ficial duties1 ,mr4 ,mason1 himself a slavehold]1 0 appo9t$ to dis*>ge ! duties ad int]im4 ,he ent]$ ! (fice1 wrote out ! op9ion ref]r$ to1 & !n resign$ ! (fice & emolum5ts to ,mr4 ,t\cey2 hav+ decid$ no o!r "q1 nor dis*>g$ any o!r duty1 ?an ?is ex]cise ( (ficial influ5ce = ! enslavem5t ( ! ,exiles4 ,! ,presid5t affirm$ ! pr9ciples decid$ by ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 & ! ,exiles 7 in=m$ t !y _h ! "r to rema9 9 _! villages1 free f all int]f]5ce1 or int]ruption f ! ,creeks4 ,!y _h no o!r l&s1 no o!r c\ntry1 no o!r homes4 ,_m ( _! families 7 connect$ by m>riage ) ! ,sem9oles4 ,!y & ! ,sem9ole ,indians _h1 ?r\gh sev]al g5]ations1 be5 acqua9t$ ) ea* o!r2 !y _h /ood beside ea* o!r on _m a battle field4 ,sem9oles & ,exiles _h fall5 beside ea* o!r1 & 7 buri$ 9 ! same grave2 !y _h (t5 sat 9 c\ncil toge!r1 & ! ,exiles 7 unwill+ to sep>ate f _! fri5ds4 ,wild ,cat & ,abraham & ,l\is1 & _m lead+ m5 & w>riors ( ! ,exiles & ,sem9oles1 hav+ delib]at$ ^u ! subject1 unit$ 9 ! op9ion1 t ! ,exiles %\ld return to _! villages & reside ^u ! l&s to :i* !y 7 entitl$4 ,9 accordance ) ?is decision1 !y return$ to _! new homes1 resum$ _! habits ( agriculture1 & = a "t all 0 quiet & peaceful2 b _! example 0 soon felt among ! slaves ( ,arkansas1 & ( ! surr\nd+ ,indian tribes4 ,nor is x to be suppos$ t ! hold]s ( slaves 9 any ,/ate ( ! ,union1 w\ld be will+ to admit t s l>ge a body ( s]vants c\ld1 by any ef=t1 sep>ate f _! ma/]s1 = a c5tury & a half ma9ta9 _! lib]ty1 & aft] s mu* ef=t to renslave !m1 be p]mitt$ to enjoy lib]ty 9 peace4 ,hundr$s ( !m _h be5 seiz$ 9 ,florida & enslav$4 ,! laws ( slave ,/ates presum$ e black p]son to be a slave2 & x 0 evid5t1 t if !y c\ld once be subject$ to ! w ( "s :ite man1 ! laws ( ,arkansas w\ld enable him to hold !m 9 bondage4#acc ,an individual1 a slave-deal]1 appe>$ among ! ,creeks & (f]$ to pay !m "o hundr$ doll>s = ea* ,exile !y w\ld seize & deliv] to him2 he /ipulat+ to take all risk ( title4#acd ,sid5ote3 #ahdi4 ,?is temptation 0 too great = ! integrity ( ! ,creeks1 :o 7 sm>t+ "u _! disappo9tm5t1 & ! defeat ( _! long *]i%$ s*emes1 ( renslav+ ! ,exiles4 ,"s two hundr$ ,creek w>riors collect$ toge!r1 arm$ !mselves1 &1 mak+ a sudd5 desc5t ^u ! ,exiles1 seiz$ su* z !y c\ld lay _! h&s ^u4 ,! m5 & mo/ ( ! wom5 & *ildr5 fl$2 b ^? :o _h arms collect$1 & pres5t+ !mselves betwe5 _! bre?r5 & ! ,creeks :o 7 pursu+ !m1 prep>$ to def5d !mselves & fri5ds4#ace ,! ,creeks1 unwill+ to enc\nt] ! dang] :i* ?reat5$ !m1 ceas$ f fur!r pursuit1 b1 turn+ back1 dragg$ _! fright5$ victims1 :o _h be5 already captur$1 to ! ,creek villages1 & deliv]$ !m ov] to ! slave-deal]1 :o paid !m ! /ipulat$ price4 ,sid5ote3 #ahej4 ,! ,sem9ole ,ag5t1 le>n+ ! outrage1 at once repair$ to ! ne>e/ ,judge 9 ,arkansas1 & obta9$ a writ ( habeas corpus4 ,! ,exiles 7 br\ght be=e him 9 ob$i5ce to ! comm& ( ! writ1 & a he>+ 0 _h4 ,! ,ag5t %[$ ! action ( ,g5]al ,jessup2 ! sanction ( ! capitulation ( ,m>*1 #ahcg1 by ! ,executive2 ! op9ion ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 & action ( ! ,presid5t1 decid+ ! ,exiles to be free1 & 9 all respects entitl$ to _! lib]ty4 ,b ! ,judge decid$ t ! ,creeks _h obta9$ title by virtue ( _! contract ) ,g5]al ,jessup2 t nei!r ,g5]al ,jessup1 nor ! ,presid5t1 _h p[] to emancipate ! ,exiles1 ev5 9 "t ( w>2 t ! ,attorney ,g5]al _h misund]/ood ! law2 t ! title ( ! ,creek ,indians 0 legal & p]fect2 & !y1 hav+ sold !m to ! claimant1 8 title mu/ be good & p]fect4#acf ,no soon] 0 ! decision ann\nc$1 ?an ! manacl$ victims 7 hurri$ f _! fri5ds & ! sc5es ( su* transc5d5t crimes & guilt4 ,!y 7 plac$ on bo>d a /eamboat1 & c>ri$ to ,new ,orleans4 ,!re !y 7 sold to diff]5t pur*as]s1 tak5 to diff]5t e/ates1 & m+l+ ) ! tide ( human victims :o are sept5nially murd]$ ^u ! cotton & sug> plantations ( t ,/ate1 !y n[ re/ 9 _! quiet graves1 or p]haps h %>$ ! m unhappy fate ( liv+ & suff]+ tortures incomp>ably worse ?an dea?4 ,! ye> #ahej 0 di/+ui%$ by a succession ( triumphs on ! "p ( ! slave p[]4 ,:ile ! ,presid5t & 8 ,cab9et1 & memb]s ( ! ,s5ate & ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 7 seek+ ! passage ( ! ,fugitive ,slave ,law2 :ile slavehold]s & _! nor!rn allies appe>$ to be ar\s$ 9 favor ( oppression )9 ! ,/ates ( our ,union1 _! savage coadjutors ( ! ,indian t]ritory 7 equally active4 ,!re yet rema9$ "s hundr$s ( ,exiles 9 t f>-di/ant t]ritory unsubdu$1 & enjoy+ lib]ty4 ,!y _h witness$ ! duplicity1 ! trea*]y ( our ,gov]nm5t (t5 repeat$1 t[>d !mselves & _! fri5ds--!y _h1 mo/ ( !m1 be5 born 9 fre$om--!y _h gr[n to manhood1 _h become ag$ amid/ p]secutions1 dang]s & dea?--!y _h exp]i5c$ ! con/ant & repeat$ violations ( our national fai?3 its p]fidy 0 no long] disguis$2 if !y rema9$1 dea? or slav]y w\ld con/itute _! only alt]native4 ,"o1 & only "o1 mode ( avoid+ su* a fate rema9$--t 01 to leave ! t]ritory1 ! jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & flee beyond its p[] & influ5ce4 ,mexico 0 free6 ,no slave clank$ 8 *a9s "u its gov]nm5t4 ,c\ld !y rea* ! ,rio ,gr&e8 ,c\ld !y place !mselves safely on ,mexican soil1 !y might hope yet to be free4 ,a ,c\ncil 0 held4 ,"s 7 connect$ ) ,sem9oles ( influ5ce4 ,^? :o 7 intimately connect$ ) ,indian families ( influ5ce1 & mo/ ( ! half-bre$s1 feel+ !y c\ld safely rema9 9 ! ,indian t]ritory1 pref]r$ to /ay ) _! fri5ds & companions4 ,( ! precise numb] :o ?us cont9u$ 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 we h no c]ta9 in=mation2#acg b "s ?ree hundr$ are suppos$ to h det]m9$ on go+ to ,mexico1 & p]haps f "o to two hundr$ conclud$ to rema9 ) _! connexions 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry4 ,abraham _h rea*$ a mature age2 _h great exp]i5ce1 & reta9$ influ5ce ) 8 p4 ,l\is ,pa*eco1 ( :om we spoke 9 a =m] *apt]1 ) 8 le>n+1 8 %rewdness & tact1 0 /ill ) !m1 & s 7 _m able & exp]i5c$ w>riors4 ,wild ,cat1 ! mo/ active & en]getic *ief ( ! ,sem9ole ,tribe1 decl>$ 8 unalt]able purpose to accompany ! ,exiles2 to assi/ !m 9 _! j\rney1 & def5d !m1 if assail$4 ,o!r ,sem9oles volunte]$ to g ) !m4 ,_! arrangem5ts 7 spe$ily made4 ,su* prop]ty z !y _h 0 collect$ toge!r1 & pack$ = transportation4 ,!y own$ a few ,we/]n ponies4 ,_! blankets1 :i* con/itut$ _! b$s1 & "s few cook+ ut5sils & agricultural implem5ts1 7 plac$ ^u _! ponies1 or c>ri$ by ! females & *ildr52 :ile ! w>riors1 c>ry+ only _! weapons & ammunition1 m>*$1 un5cumb]$ ev5 by any unnecess>y article ( clo?+1 prep>$ = battle at e /ep ( _! j\rney4 ,aft] ! sun _h gone d[n 7,sept4 #aj71 _! spies & patrols1 :o _h be5 s5t out = t purpose1 return$1 & report$ t all 0 quiet2 t no slave-hunt]s 7 to be se54 ,z ! d>kness ( night 0 clos+ ar\nd !m1 !y comm5c$ _! j\rney we/w>dly4 ,amid ! gloom ( ! ev5+1 sil5t & sad !y took leave ( _! we/]n homes1 & fl$ f ! jurisdiction ( a p :o _h c5turies previ\sly kidnapp$ _! ance/ors 9 _! native homes1 br\ght !m to ?is c\ntry1 enslav$ !m1 & dur+ _m g5]ations _h p]secut$ !m4 ,_m ( _! fri5ds & relatives _h be5 murd]$ = _! love ( lib]ty by our ,gov]nm5t2 o!rs _h be5 doom$ to suff] & langui% 9 slav]y--a fate f> m dread$ ?an dea?4 ,at ! p]iod ( ?is exodus1 _! numb] 0 probably less ?an at ! close ( ! ,revolution4 ,:5 ! slavehold+ ,creeks le>n$ t ! ,exiles _h left1 !y collect$ toge!r & s5t a w> p>ty 9 pursuit1 = ! purpose ( captur+ z _m z !y c\ld1 9 ord] to sell !m to ! slave-deal]s f ,l\isiana & ,arkansas1 :o 7 !n pres5t among ! ,creeks1 enc\rag+ !m to make ano!r piratical desc5t ^u ! ,exiles = ! capture ( slaves4 ,?is w> p>ty came up ) ! emigrants on ! ?ird day aft] leav+ _! homes4 ,b ,wild ,cat & ,abraham1 & _! exp]i5c$ w>riors1 7 n to be surpris$4 ,!y 7 prep>$ & ready = ! conflict4 ,) !m x 0 dea? or victory4 ,!y boldly fac$ _! foes4 ,_! wives & *ildr5 7 look+ on ) emotions n to be describ$4 ,) ! coolness ( desp]ation1 !y firmly resolv$ on dy+1 or on driv+ back ! slave-cat*+ ,creeks f ! field ( conflict4 ,_! n]ves 7 /eady1 & _! aim fatal4 ,_! enemies soon le>n$ ! dang] & folly ( attempt+ to capture arm$ m5 :o 7 fight+ = fre$om4 ,!y fl$1 leav+ _! dead ^u ! field2 :i* is always reg>d$ by savages z di%onorable defeat4#ach ,! ,exiles resum$ _! j\rney1 /ill ma9ta9+ _! w>like arrangem5t4 ,direct+ _! c\rse s\?-we/]ly1 !y cross$ ! ,rio ,gr&e1 & cont9u+ ne>ly 9 ! same direction1 !y proce$$ into ,mexico1 until !y rea*$ ! vic9ity ( ! anci5t b n[ des]t$ t[n ( ,santa ,rosa4#aci ,9 t beautiful climate1 !y f\nd a ri*1 productive soil4 ,"h !y halt$1 exam9$ ! c\ntry1 & f9ally det]m9$ to locate _! new homes 9 ?is mo/ romantic portion ( ,mexico4 ,"h !y erect$ _! cab9s1 plant$ _! g>d5s1 comm5c$ plantations1 & resum$ _! =m] habits ( agricultural life4 ,!re !y yet rema94 ,=cibly torn f _! native l&1 oppress$1 wrong$1 & degrad$1 !y became volunt>y ,exiles f ,s\? ,c>ol9a & ,georgia4 ,m rec5tly exil$ f ,florida & f ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates--!y are yet free6 ,aft] ! /ruggles & p]secutions ( a hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 !y repose 9 comp>ative quiet "u a gov]nm5t :i* repudiates slav]y4 ,to ! p5 ( "s future hi/orian we consign _! subsequ5t hi/ory4 ,be=e tak+ leave ( ! read]1 we w\ld call 8 att5tion to a review ( ! fate :i* att5d$ diff]5t portions ( ! ,exiles1 & to a few fur!r incid5ts1 = "s ( :i* we h only newspap] au?ority2 b f all ! circum/ances we h no d\bt !y actually transpir$4 ,( ! ,exiles & _! desc5dants1 twelve 7 deliv]$ up at ! treaty ( ,col]a9 9 #agif1 & consign$ to slav]y2 two hundr$ & sev5ty 7 massacr$ at ,bl\nt's ,=t 9 #ahaf2 ?irty 7 tak5 prison]s--^! all di$ ( w\nds or 7 enslav$4 ,at ! diff]5t battles 9 ! fir/ ,sem9ole ,w> 9 #ahah1 x is believ$ t at lea/ f\r hundr$ 7 sla91 includ+ ^? :o fell at ,bl\nt's ,=t4 ,9 ! ,second ,sem9ole ,w>1 probably sev5ty-five 7 sla9 9 battle1 & five hundr$ 7 enslav$2 & at lea/ sev5ty-five 7 seiz$ by ! ,creek ,indians1 9 #ahej1 & enslav$4 ,probably a hundr$ & fifty connect$ ) ! ,sem9oles n[ reside 9 ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 & w soon become amalgamat$ ) ! ,indians2 :ile ?ree hundr$ h f\nd _! way to ,mexico1 & are free4#adj ,mak+1 9 all1 ?irte5 hundr$ & fifty s\ls2 be+ "s hundr$s less ?an 0 report$ by ! ,(fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t1 9 #ahcf4 ,?is discrepancy is acc\nt$ = by ! fact1 t ! ,exiles captur$ by individual ent]prise1 & by ! ,georgia & ,florida militia1 7 nev] (ficially report$ to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 & we h no reliable data on :i* we c fix an e/imate ( ! numb] ?us piratically enslav$4 ,!re are also a few yet 9 ,florida1 n includ$ 9 ! above e/imate4 ,sid5ote3 #aheb4 ,z to _! pres5t situation1 we c give ! read] b little fur!r in=mation4 ,9 ! summ] ( #aheb1 ,wild ,cat sudd5ly appe>$ among 8 fri5ds1 ! ,sem9oles1 :o yet rema9$ 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry4 ,8 appe>ance excit$ surprise among ! ,creeks4 ,!y at t "t ma9ta9$ a gu>d1 compos$ ( m\nt$ m53 ^! 7 at once put 9 motion = ! purpose ( arre/+ ?is extraord9>y *iefta94 ,b :ile !y 7 engag$ 9 look+ = him1 he & a company ( ,sem9oles1 att5d$ by a numb] ( ,exiles & black p]sons1 previ\sly held 9 bondage by ! ,creeks1 7 rapidly w5d+ _! way t[>ds _! new settlem5t4#ada ,?is visit ( ,wild ,cat to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry occasion$ mu* excitem5t 9 t region1 z well z a/oni%m5t at ,wa%+ton1 & con/itut$ ! occasion ( a protract$ correspond5ce betwe5 ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t & our ,milit>y ,(fic]s & ,indian ,ag5ts ( t c\ntry4 ,wild ,cat 0 d5\nc$ z a pirate--robb]--,,outlaw2 & ne>ly all ! opprobri\s epi!ts kn[n to our language 7 heap$ ^u him1 = ?us aid+ 8 fell[ m5 to rega9 ^? rights to life & lib]ty ) :i* ! ,god ( ,nature _h orig9ally end[$ !m4 ,dur+ ! ye> #aheb1 :ile our commission]s1 appo9t$ to e/abli% ! b\nd>y betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,mexico1 7 engag$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( _! (ficial duties1 a small p>ty ( arm$ m5 0 9 att5dance = _! protection4 ,"s eight ( ^! 7 said to h be5 engag$ 9 patrol+ ! c\ntry1 :5 !y fell 9 ) ,wild ,cat & a portion ( ?is b& ( ,exiles1 :o 7 at all times prep>$ = fri5ds or foes4 ,! :ites 7 made prison]s )\t blood%$1 & tak5 to _! village4 ,a c\ncil 0 call$4 ,abraham 0 yet liv+1 & ! :ite m5 decl>$ t he 0 reg>d$ z a rul+ pr9ce by 8 p4 ,!y 7 evid5tly suspici\s ( ! int5tions ( our m52 b ^u inquiry & consid]ation1 !y became satisfi$ t no ho/ile int5tions _h br\ght our fri5ds to t c\ntry2 !y 7 accord+ly treat$ ) becom+ hospitality1 & dismiss$4 ,^! brief /atem5ts appe>$ 9 "s ( ! newspap]s ( t day1 :i* con/itutes our only au?ority = /at+ !m4 ,sid5ote3 #ahec4 ,compla9ts 7 subsequ5tly made ?r\gh ! ,texan newspap]s1 t slaves escap$ f t region ( c\ntry & f\nd an asylum 9 ,mexico1 on ! o!r side ( ! ,rio ,gr&e2 & intimations 7 ?r[n out t a p>ty ( volunte]s1 )\t au?ority f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 7 ab\t to visit ! settlem5t1 :i* ?us enc\rag$ slaves to seek _! fre$om4 ,! sugge/ion 0 s mu* 9 "* ) ! slavehold]s ( ,texas1 t x excit$ att5tion among ^? :o 7 aw>e ( ! settlem5t ( ,exiles 9 ! region indicat$4 ,x 0 believ$ t ^? m5 :o 7 ab\t to visit ,wild ,cat & ,abraham & ,l\is & _! companions1 = ! purpose ( seiz+ & enslav+ m51 w\ld f9d an ent]ta9m5t = :i* !y 7 n prep>$4 ,"s few mon?s subsequ5tly1 a brief ref]5ce 0 made 9 ! newspap]s ( ,texas to ?is exp$ition1 giv+ _! read]s to und]/& t x _h fail$ ( accompli%+ ! object int5d$1 & _h return$ ) its numb]s some:at dim9i%$ by _! conflict ) ! blacks4 ,z 0 naturally expect$1 aft] ! lapse ( "s six mon?s1 great compla9t 0 he>d ?r\gh ! public press ( ,indian depr$ations ^u ! fronti] ( ,texas4 ,plantations 7 said to be de/roy$2 build+s burn$2 p murd]$1 & slaves c>ri$ away4 ,?is =ay 0 said to h be5 made by ,caman*e ,indians1 l$ on by ,wild ,cat4 ,he appe>s yet ready to make w> ^u all :o fight = slav]y2 & _m ( ! sc5es :i* 7 enact$ 9 ,florida1 w mo/ likely be aga9 pres5t$ on our s\?-we/]n fronti]1 :]e ! same causes exi/ :i* =m]ly exi/$ 9 ,florida1 & ! same effects w be likely to foll[4 ,typographical errors correct$ by ! etext transcrib]3 ,g5]al ,call at ,talahasse ,g5]al ,call at ,tallahasse pg #abe visit$ ,=t ,mell5 visit$ ,=t ,mellon pg #ada ,any intef]5ce ) ! negroes ,any int]f]5ce ) ! negroes pg #adg ,memb]s ( familes ,memb]s ( families pg #agd pref]+ to h !m pref]r+ to h !m pg #aie arrrangem5ts 7 privately mak+ arrangem5ts 7 privately mak+ pg #bcg ,act+ ,commmission] ,act+ ,commission] pg #bda to ^? g5tleman to enable !m to ^? g5tlem5 to enable !m pg #bda he 0 9 ,=ida at ! "t he 0 9 ,florida at ! "t pg #bde all prison] captur$ 9 w> all prison]s captur$ 9 w> pg #bdf ,?is feelng 0 ,?is feel+ 0 pg #beb betray$1 trea*]]\sly betray$1 trea*]\sly pg #bee ,?is ,message 0 ,?is message 0 pg #bfc t ,t]ritoy t ,t]ritory pg #bhb outnumb]$ ! asssailants outnumb]$ ! assailants pg #bhi disppo9tm5t & *agr9 disappo9tm5t & *agr9 pg #bhi di$ ( sicknes di$ ( sickness pg #cjc s5se ( gatitude s5se ( gratitude pg #cjf 7 sacrifi$ 7 sacrific$ pg #cae ,bl\nt's ,f\rt ,bl\nt's ,=t pg #cah 99 99 99 99 99 ,,footnotes3 #a ,vide ,bancr(t's & ,hildre?'s ,hi/ories ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #b ,vide bo? ,hi/ories above cit$4 #c ,vide ,s*oolcraft's ,hi/ory ( ,indian ,tribes4 #d ,vide ,am]ican ,ar*ives1 ,vol4 ,i4 ,fif? ,s]ies3 #aheb4 #e ,?is 0 ! resid5ce ( ,george ,galph91 an ,indian trad]1 :o1 9 #aggc1 aid$ 9 obta9+ a treaty by :i* ! ,creek ,indians c$$ a l>ge tract ( l& to ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t4 ,georgia succe$$ ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t 9 its title to ^! l&s1 by ! treaty ( peace 9 #aghc4 ,"s fifty ye>s aft]w>ds1 ! desc5dants ( ,galph9 petition$ ! ,/ate ( ,georgia = comp5sation1 on acc\nt ( ! s]vices r5d]$ by ,galph9 9 obta9+ ! treaty ( #aggc4 ,b ! ,legislature repudiat$ ! claim4 ,! heirs1 or r desc5dants ( ,galph91 !n appli$ to ,congress1 :o nev] _h ei!r legal or b5eficial int]e/1 9 ! l&s obta9$ by ! treaty4 ,! ,repres5tatives f ,georgia & f ! ,s\? g5]ally support$ ! claim4 ,nor!rn m5 yield$ _! objections to ?is absurd dem&1 & 9 #ahdh a bill pass$ bo? ,h\ses ( ,congress by :i* ! desc5dants ( ,galph91 & _! attorneys & ag5ts1 obta9$ f our ,national ,treasury #bdc1hga #hf1 & ! t]m ,galph9 has s9ce become synonym\s ) peculation ^u ! public ,treasury4 #f ,vide ,report ( ,hugh ,knox1 ,secret>y ( ,w>1 to ! ,presid5t1 dat$ ,july #f1 #aghi4 ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s4 ,vol4 ,v4 page #ae1 :]e ! ,treaty is recit$ 9 full4 #g ,vide pap]s accompany+ ! ,report ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 above ref]r$ to1 m>k$ ,a1 & numb]$ #a1 #b & #c4 #h ,vide lett] ( ,james ,:ite to ,major ,g5]al ,knox1 ( ! #bd? ,may1 #aghg4 ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol ,,ii1 ,indian ,affairs4 #i ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol4 ,v1 page #be4 #aj ,vide ,docum5ts accompany+ ! ,treaty ( ,new ,york2 ,am4 ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,indian ,affairs4 #aa ,! read] ne$ n be in=m$1 t ^! dem&s ( indemnity = slaves 7 promptly reject$ by ! ,engli% gov]nm5t2 & ,jay's ,treaty ( #agid1 surr5d]$ !m =ev]4 #ab ,hildre?1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 speaks ( 9 t light4 #ac ,vide ,annals ( ,congress1 ,vol4 ,i1 pages #ajfh-gj-gd4 #ad ,vide ,correspond5ce on ?is subject betwe5 ,seagrove & ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol4 ,v1 pages #cjd-e1 #cbj1 #ccf1 #chg1 & #cib4 #ae ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,indian ,affairs4 ,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #cjf4 #af ,vide talk ( pr9cipal ,*ief at ,treaty ( ,col]a94 #ag ,vide ,annals ( ,congress ( t date4 #ah ,vide pap]s accompany+ ! ,treaty ( ,col]a94 ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,indian ,affairs4 #ai ,vide ! pap]s accompany+ ?is ,treaty :5 submitt$ to ! ,s5ate4 ,!y are collect$ 9 ! second volume ( ,am]ican ,/ate ,pap]s1 entitl$ ,indian ,affairs4 ,!y w af=d mu* int]e/+ matt] z to ! doctr9es ( ,/ate ,rights & ,nullification1 :i* x is unnecess>y to embrace 9 ?is "w4 #bj ,vide ,annals ( ,i,vth ,congress1 #b;d ,session #ba ,! claims ( ^! anci5t ,spani% inhabitants = indemnity aga9/ ^! robb]ies1 h be5 press$ ^u ! consid]ation ( ,congress = ! la/ tw5ty-five ye>s1 & 7 rec5tly p5d+ be=e ! ,c\rt ( ,claims4 ,:5 ! bill = _! relief 0 "u discussion be=e ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 ,9 #ahdc1 ,hon4 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams pres5t$ a li/ ( "s n9ety slaves1 = ! loss ( :om ! own]s claim$ comp5sation f ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b ! discussions :i* arose on private bills 7 n at t "t report$2 & nei!r ?is exhibit1 nor ! spee* ( ,mr4 ,adams1 are to be f\nd 9 ! ,congressional ,debates ( t day4 #bb ,_m slaves actually fl$ f _! ma/]s & f\nd an asylum on bo>d ,briti% vessels4 ,"s sixty1 belong+ to a plant] nam$ ,=bes1 :o resid$ 9 ,georgia1 left 8 plantation & took %elt] on bo>d ! %ip comm&$ by ,"l ,co*rane4 ,!y 7 transport$ to ,jamaica1 :]e !y settl$ & liv$ z o!r free p4 ,aft] ! re/oration ( peace1 ,=bes su$ 8 ,lord%ip1 be=e ! ,briti% c\rts1 = damages su/a9$ by ! loss ( ^! slaves4 ,! case elicit$ mu* le>n+ 9 reg>d to ! law ( ,slav]y &1 next to t ( ,somm]set1 may be reg>d$ z ! mo/ important on t subject ev] litigat$ be=e an ,engli% c\rt4 #bc ,monette1 ,9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,valley ( ! ,mississippi1 says ,woodb9e erect$ ?is =t 9 ! summ] ( #ahaf2 & su* 7 ! repres5tations made be=e ! ,committee appo9t$ 9 #ahai1 to inve/igate ! conduct ( ,g5]al ,jackson1 9 tak+ possession ( ,florida4 ,b ! read] w notice ! ,lett] ( ,g5]al ,ga9es1 h]eaft] quot$1 :i* be>s date on ! #ad? ,may1 #ahae1 & (ficially in=m$ ! ,secret>y ( ,w> t negroes & outlaws h tak5 possession ( a ,,=t ,,on ,,! ,,appala*icola ,,riv]4 ,?is 0 m ?an a ye> be=e ! "t ( erect+ ! =t1 accord+ to ,monette4 ,! p>apet ( ! =t 0 said to be fifte5 feet high & eighte5 ?ick1 situat$ ^u a g5tle cliff1 ) a f9e /ream empty+ into ! riv] ne> its base1 & a swamp 9 ! re>1 :i* protect$ x f ! approa* ( artill]y by l&4 ,on its walls 7 m\nt$ "o ?irty-two p\nd]1 ?ree tw5ty-f\r p\nd]s1 two n9e p\nd]s1 two six p\nd]s1 & "o brass five & a half-in* h[itz]4 ,vide ,(ficial ,report ( ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis4 #bd ,?is is ! (ficial acc\nt ( ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis1 :o comm&$ ! naval exp$ition subsequ5tly s5t to r$uce ?is =tress4 ,monette1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,valley ( ! ,mississippi1 says1 ,ne> ! ,=t ! fields 7 f9e1 & ext5d$ along ! riv] ne>ly fifty miles4 #be ,! read] w at once see1 t ^! p 7 z mu* "u ! protection ( ,spa91 z ! fugitive slaves n[ 9 ,canada are "u ! protection ( ,briti% laws4 ,!y 7 z cle>ly ,spani% subjects z ! latt] are ,briti% subjects4 ,by ! law ( nations1 ,spa9 _h ! same "r to p]mit h] black subjects to occupy ,bl\nt's ,=t1 t ! ,que5 ( ,engl& has to p]mit ,=t ,mald5 to be occupi$ by h] black subjects4 ,! only di/9ction betwe5 ! two cases is1 ,spa9 0 weak & unable to ma9ta9 h] national honor1 & national rights2 :ile ,engl& has ! p[] to d bo?4 #bf ,vide ! volum9\s ,correspond5ce on ?is subject conta9$ 9 ,ex4 ,doc4 #aai1 #b;d ,session1 ,x,vth ,congress4 #bg ,p]haps no portion ( our national hi/ory exhibits su* disreg>d ( ,int]national law1 z ?is unprovok$ invasion ( ,florida4 ,= ?irty ye>s1 ! slaves ( our ,s\!rn ,/ates h be5 9 ! habit ( flee+ to ! ,briti% ,prov9ces4 ,"h !y are admitt$ to all ! rights ( citiz5%ip1 9 ! same mann] z !y 7 9 ,florida4 ,!y vote & hold (fice "u ,briti% laws2 & :5 our ,gov]nm5t dem&$ t ! ,engli% ,m9i/ry %\ld disreg>d ! rights ( ^! p & return !m to slav]y1 ! ,briti% ,m9i/] contemptu\sly refus$ ev5 to hold correspond5ce ) our ,secret>y ( ,/ate on a subject s abhorr5t to e pr9ciple ( national law & self-respect4 ,our ,gov]nm5t coolly submitt$ to ! scornful arrogance ( ,engl&2 b did n hesitate to invade ,florida ) an arm$ =ce1 & to seize ! fai?ful subjects ( ,spa91 & enslave !m4 #bh ,hon4 ,duncan ,l4 ,cl9*4 ,he left ! s]vice 9 #ahda1 & 0 subsequ5tly a ,memb] ( ,congress = sev]al ye>s1 & di$ 9 #aheb4 #bi ,w> 0 ?us wag$ aga9/ ,spa91 by ,executive au?ority1 )\t consult+ ,congress2 & no memb] ( t body utt]$ a prote/1 or d5unciation ( ! act4 #cj ,9 ,ex4 ,doc4 ,no4 #aai1 #b;d ,session1 ,x,vth ,congress1 may be f\nd ! (ficial correspond5ce betwe5 ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t & ,g5]al ,jackson2 also t betwe5 ,g5]al ,jackson & ,g5]al ,ga9es1 toge!r ) ! ord]s ( ea*1 z well z ! correspond5ce betwe5 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy & ,commodore ,patt]son2 & ! ord] ( ! latt] (fic] to ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis2 & ! f9al report ( ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis & ,g5]al ,cl9*4 ,9 none ( ^! pap]s is !re any act ( ho/ility m5tion$ or ref]r$ to z hav+ be5 committ$ by ! ,exiles1 or ! ,sem9ole ,indians1 prior to _! rea*+ ! vic9ity ( ! ,=t4 #ca ,hildre? /ates t ?ree gun-boats 7 detail$ on t occasion2 b ! report ( ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis speaks only ( two4 #cb ,hildre? /ates ! numb] to h be5 ab\t ?ree hundr$1 p>tly ,indians & p>tly negroes4 #cc ,monette says ?is exp$ition 0 und]tak5 by ,col4 ,cl9* ^u 8 own responsibility1 to enable "s boats lad5 ) provisions to pass up ! riv]4 ,a /range misappreh5sion ( facts1 z %[n by (ficial docum5ts4 #cd ,at ?is conf]5ce1 ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis in=m$ ,colonel ,cl9* t1 on ! day previ\s1 :ile a p>ty ( 8 m5 7 on %ore1 !y 7 fir$ on by ,indians & "o man kill$4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ & only act ( ho/ility aga9/ our troops4 ,x 0 committ$ by ,indians1 n by ,exiles2 b x 0 subsequ5tly seiz$ ^u & publi%$ z a ju/ification = c>ry+ out ,g5]al ,jackson's ord]1 be>+ date m ?an two mon?s prior to ! occurr5ce1 direct+ ,g5]al ,ga9es to de/roy ! =t & return ! negroes to slav]y4 #ce ,monette says1 ,! sc5e 9 ! =t 0 horrible beyond description4 ,ne>ly ! :ole ( ! inmates 7 involv$ 9 indiscrim9ate de/ruction2 n "o-six? ( ! :ole escap$4 ,! cries ( ! w\nd$1 ! groans ( ! dy+1 ) ! %\ts & yells ( ! ,indians1 r5d]$ ! sc5e horrible beyond description4 #cf ,vide ,(ficial ,report at ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis1 ,ex4 ,doc4 #aai3 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,vth ,cong4 #cg ,"s ye>s s9ce1 ! au?or wrote a %ort sket* ( ! g5]al ,massacre1 b omitt$ ?is po9t z too revolt+ to ! feel+s ( humanity1 & too disgraceful to ! ,am]ican arms1 to be laid be=e ! popul> m9d 9 su* an article2 & he w\ld mo/ gladly h omitt$ x 9 ?is "w1 c\ld he h done s consi/5tly ) 8 duty to ! public4 #ch ,monette says t ?ree ?\s& /&s ( arms & six hundr$ b>rels ( p[d] 7 de/roy$ by ! explosion4 ,?is is probably some:at ( an exagg]ation4 ,we h no fact to w>rant ! ass]tion1 t !re 0 any addition made to ! /ores left by ,col4 ,ni*ols1 :5 he deliv]$ ! =t to ! ,exiles4 ,! same au?or /ates1 t "o magaz9e1 conta9+ "o hundr$ & sixty b>rels ( p[d]1 0 left unh>m$ by ! explosion2 b no m5tion ( su* fact is f\nd 9 ! ,(ficial ,report1 by ,sail+-,ma/] ,loomis4 #ci ,vide ,docum5ts be=e ! ,committee ( ,congress appo9t$ to inve/igate ! cause ( ,g5]al ,jackson's invasion ( ,florida3 ,x,vth ,congress1 #b;d ,session4 #dj ,?is bill 0 report$ by ,mr4 ,+ham ( ,connecticut1 ,*airman ( ! ,committee on ,naval ,affairs4 #da ,vide ,/atutes enact$ at #b;d ,session1 ,x,x,v,ith ,congress4 ,! au?or 0 !n a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 b _h n le>n$ to wat* ! movem5ts ( slavehold]s & _! allies1 s closely z subsequ5t exp]i5ce taught him w\ld be useful4 #db ,vide ,spee*es ( ,hon4 ,george ,po9dext] & o!rs on ! ,sem9ole ,w>1 9 #ahai4 #dc ,hon4 ,william ,jay1 ( ,new ,york1 publi%$ 8 ,views ( ! action ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t 9 #ahhg4 #dd ,monette says ,arbu?not s5t ^w to ! ,negroes & ,indians1 notify+ !m ( ! approa* ( ,g5]al ,jackson2 b ! (ficial report ( t ,(fic] %[s t 8 advance gu>d 0 daily engag$ 9 skirmi%+ ) ! ,indians4 #de ,vide ,g5]al ,jackson's ,(ficial ,report ( ?is battle1 ,ex4 ,doc4 #age1 #b;d ,session ,x,vth ,congress4 #df ,williams1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,florida1 /ates t ?ree hundr$ & =ty ,negroes aga9 ralli$ aft] ! fir/ retreat1 & f\ght _! pursu]s1 until eighty ( _! numb]1 7 kill$ on ! field4 ,monetta also /ates ! same fact2 b ,g5]al ,jackson1 9 all 8 ,reports1 evid5tly avoid$1 z f> z possible1 any notice ( ! ,exiles1 z a p4 ,inde$ su* 0 ! policy ( ! ,adm9i/ration1 & ( its (fic]s1 & ( all slavehold]s4 ,!y !n suppos$1 z !y n[ d1 t slav]y mu/ dep5d ^u ! suppos$ ignorance & /upidity ( ! color$ p2 & sc>cely an in/ance c be f\nd1 :]e a slavehold] admits ! slave to possess human intellig5ce or human feel+2 inde$1 to tea* a slave to read ! ,scriptures1 is reg>d$ z an (f5se1 9 ne>ly e slave ,/ate1 & puni%able by f9e & imprisonm5t4 #dg ,v>i\s names h be5 giv5 ?is ,=t4 ,! au?or1 hav+ h]et(ore adopt$ t ( ,bl\nt's ,=t1 pref]s to cont9ue t "n4 ,x 0 equally kn[n1 h[ev]1 z ! ,negro ,=t1 & z ,=t ,ni*ols4 #dh ,! p ( ! free ,/ates %\ld und]/&1 t almo/ e "q t\*+ slav]y :i* has aris5 betwe5 our ,gov]nm5t & t ( ,engl&1 ! latt] has yield$1 s9ce ! =mation ( ,jay's ,treaty 9 #agie4 ,! paym5t = slaves :o 7 %ipwreck$ on bo>d ! ,comet1 ! ,encomium1 & ! ,ent]prise1 & f\nd fre$om by be+ l&$ on ,briti% soil1 con/itute r>e in/ances 9 :i* slaveholdlng arrogance has prov$ successful 9 ! arts ( diplomacy4 ,! case ( ! ,creole con/itutes ano!r admirable illu/ration ( successful effront]y4 ,9 ?is case1 ! slaves took possession ( ! %ip1 guid$ x to ,nassau1 a ,briti% ,isl&1 w5t on %ore & became free4 ,! (fic]s ( ! slave %ip dem&$ t ! ,briti% au?orities %\ld seize ! negroes1 & return !m to ! %ip4 ,!y refus$4 ,daniel ,web/]1 ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 became ! volunt>y ,ag5t1 ,attorney & ,solicitor1 = ! slave deal]s1 :o %\ld h be5 hang$1 in/ead ( receiv+ ! enc\ragem5t ( our ,gov]nm5t4 ,b ! subject 0 submitt$ to ! umpirage ( a man1 said to h once liv$ 9 ,bo/on1 :o1 pr9cipally ^u ! au?ority ( ,mr4 ,web/]1 decid$ t ! p ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t %\ld pay ! slave deal]s = ^! p>5ts & *ildr52 & aft] fifte5 ye>s ( cont9u$ ef=t1 ! money 0 obta9$4 #di ,vide ,lett] f ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to ,messrs4 ,plck5s & ,fl\rnoy1 ,augu/ #h1 #ahbj4 ,am4 ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol4 ,,vi1 p4 #bdi4 #ej ,vide ,lett] ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w> to ,g54 ,fl\rnoy1 ( ! #ai? ( ,octob]1 #ahbj4 ,ibid1 #bej4 #ea ,vide ,pap]s transmitt$ to ,congress1 9 connection ) ! ,treaty ( ,indian ,spr+4 ,am4 ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,indian ,affairs1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,no4 #agd4 #eb ,ibid4 #ec ,ibid4 ,lett] ( ,in/ructions conta9$ 9 ! pap]s ref]r$ to on prec$+ page4 #ed ,vide ,report ( ,commission] on ?is subject2 also1 ! ,report ( ,wm4 ,wirt1 ,attorney ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 to :om ! ,presid5t ref]r$ ! subject4 ,op9ions ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 #ahbb4 ,mr4 ,wirt /ates ! price paid = ^? slaves 0 f two to ?ree times _! real value4 #ee ,vide ,reports ( ,committee ,x,v,i,ith ,congress1 #b;d ,session1 ,no4 #abe4 #ef ,vide ,am4 ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,vol4 ,,vi1 pages #daa1 #dab4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ,g5]al ,jackson disc>d$ ! t]m m>oon1 us$ by ,p5i]es1 z t 9 ,jamaica1 signifies free negroes ( ! m\nta9s1 :o once fl$ f s]vice1 b h ma9ta9$ _! lib]ty s long t !y _c be id5tifi$1 & are !re=e admitt$ to be free4 #eg ,x is an int]e/+ fact1 t ! doctr9e rec5tly av[$ by ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t black m5 h no rights :i* :ite m5 are b\nd to respect1 0 recogniz$ & practic$ ^u 9 ,florida1 m ?an ?irty ye>s s9ce1 by ! (fic]s ( ,gov]nm5t4 #eh ,vide ,executive ,docum5ts1 ,no4 #bga1 #b;d ,session ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #ei ,capta9 ,sprague1 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army1 s /ates1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,w>4 #fj ,vide ,lett] ( ! ,ag5t1 dat$ six? ( ,m>*1 #ahbg4 #fa ,vide ,m9utes ( ,talk held at ,sem9ole ,ag5cy1 ) ,treskal1 ,ma?la1 & o!r ,*iefs4 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bga1 #a/ ,sess4 ,x,x,i,vth ,congress4 #fb ,vide ,lett] ( ,col4 ,brooke to ,col4 ,humphreys1 #f ,may1 #ahbh1 conta9$ 9 ! above cit$ ,docum5t4 #fc ,vide ,lett] ( ,judge ,smi?1 ,may #aj1 #ahbh1 conta9$ 9 same ,docum5t4 #fd ,vide ,/atem5t ( ,john ,hick1 #ae ,augu/1 #ahbh4 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bga1 be=e quot$4 #fe ,vide ,lett] ( ,gad ,humphreys1 ,oct4 #bj1 #ahbh4 ,x probably 0 ! fir/ "t ! proposition 0 submitt$ to ! ,sem9oles4 #ff ,ev5 ,mr4 ,adams1 :5 ,presid5t1 cont9u$ 9 (fice ^? m5 :o _h be5 plac$ !re by 8 pr$ecessors4 #fg ,vide ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>4 #fh ,vide ,docum5ts relat+ to ! ,florida ,w>1 #a/ ,session1 ,x,x,i,vth ,congress4 #fi ,vide ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>4 #gj ,vide ,ex4 ,doc4 #bga1 ,x,x,i,vth ,congress1 #a/ ,session1 pages #dc & #dd4 #ga ,! ,au?or1 :ile s]v+ 9 ,congress 9 #ahdg-h 01 by ! ,speak]1 plac$ ^u ! committee ( ,indian ,affairs4 ,:ile s]v+ on t committee1 ! ,creek ,indians appli$ = ! return ( ?is money :i* _h belong$ to !m1 b _h be5 wrongfully paid ov] by ,congress to ! slavehold]s ( ,georgia1 "s f\rte5 ye>s previ\sly4 ,! case 0 ref]r$ to ! ,au?or1 z sub-committee1 :o report$ t ! money1 9 ju/ice1 9 equity1 & 9 law1 belong$ to ! ,indians2 t its paym5t to ! slavehold]s 0 unju/ & wrong1 & t x ought to be paid to ! ,indians4 ,! report 0 confirm$1 & ! money paid to ! ,indians4 ,! ju/ice ( ! cause 0 s obvi\s t x met ) no opposition1 & by ! vote ( bo? ,h\ses x n[ /&s ackn[l$g$ & decl>$ t ?is sum ( #ada1jjj 0 tak5 f ! pockets ( ! labor+ m5 ( our ,nation1 & paid to ^? slavehold]s = imag9>y slave *ildr5 :o 7 nev] born2 nor h we be5 able to le>n t an objection 0 rais$1 or prote/ utt]$1 by any ,nor!rn memb] ( ,congress4 #gb ,vide ,op9ion ( ,judge ,cam]on1 pages #ce & #cf ( ,doc4 #bga1 la/ quot$4 #gc ,,note4--,:5 ! au?or1 9 #ahda1 d5\nc$ ?is transaction1 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives1 & spoke ( ^! slave-cat*]s z ,pirates1 ,hon4 ,m>k ,a4 ,coop]1 ( ,georgia1 became indignant at ! d5unciation2--said he 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! m5 :o seiz$ & enslav$ ^! p2 t !y 7 honorable m51 & t he took !m by ! h& almo/ daily :ile at home4 #gd ,! /atem5t ( ^! facts may be f\nd 9 ,ex4 ,docum5t1 #a/ ,sess4 ,x,x,i,vth ,congress4 #ge ,vide ,ex4 ,doc41 #a/ ,sess4 ,x,x,i,vth ,congress1 page #ad4 #gf ,vide 8 lett] at l5g? 9 ! ,docum5t la/ quot$4 #gg ,vide ,sprague's ,florida ,w>4 #gh ,lieut5ant ,reynolds1 :ile conduct+ ! fir/ p>ty ( emigrants ,we/1 9 #ahda1 f\nd among ! ,exiles p]sons :o possess$ s mu* ,spani% blood1 t he (f]$ to leave !m at ,new ,orleans1 & "s ( !m accept$ ! (f]4 ,he left !m 9 t city1 & !y probably n[ pass = ,spani>ds4 #gi ,vide acc\nt ( ?is transaction by ,h4 ,m4 ,coh51 giv5 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,anti-,slav]y ,magaz9e1 vol4 ,,ii1 page #dai4 ,mr4 ,?ompson1 ! ,ag5t1 9 8 lett] to ! ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 be>+ date soon aft]1 says3 ,p[ell us$ su* language1 t ,i 0 con/ra9$ to ord] him into irons4 ,mr4 ,sprague1 9 8 hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>1 reit]ates ! /atem5t ( ,mr4 ,?ompson4 ,b nei!r ,sprague1 nor ,?ompson1 nor any o!r p]son :o 0 pres5t1 x is believ$1 has ev] d5i$ ! relation :i* ,mr4 ,coh5 has giv54 #hj ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>4 #ha ,vide ,te/imony accompany+ ,pa*eco's ,petition to ,congress = indemnity4 #hb ,vide ,/atem5t ( ,tu/5uggee1 a ,sem9ole ,*ief1 :o 0 pres5t1 & ^: acc\nt ( ?is massacre is giv5 9 ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>4 #hc ,^! ,spee*es may be f\nd 9 ! ,congressional ,globe1 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,xth ,congress4 #hd ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,w>4 #he ,osceola1 ?\gh a fi]ce & gallant w>rior1 ent]ta9$ high notions ( honor2 &1 al?\gh a savage1 he 0 punctili\s on ^? po9ts1 & f9ally fell a victim to ! trea*]y ( ^? call+ !mselves civiliz$ m54 #hf ,francis ,p4 ,blair1 :o is yet liv+1 7#ahfh47 #hg ,vide ,ex4 ,doc41 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress1 ,no4 #gh1 pages #eeh-i4 #hh ,8 v9dication be=e ! c\rt 0 triumphant1 & he 0 honorably acquitt$ f all c5sure4 #hi ,sprague1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>1 says !re 7 two hundr$ negro w>riors 9 ?is battle2 t _! wom5 & *ildr5 7 a %ort di/ance 9 _! re>1 m\nt$ on _! ponies1 & ready to flee1 if _! husb&s1 bro!rs & fa!rs _h be5 compell$ to retreat4 #ij ,g5]al ,jessup 0 und\bt$ly some:at ignorant z to ! hi/ory ( ! ,exiles4 ,speak+ ( ,abraham1 t (fic] says3 ,he is m>ri$ to ! wife ( ! =m] *ief ( ! ,nation2 is a good soldi]1 & an intrepid lead]4 ,he is ! negro *ief1 & ! mo/ cunn+ & intellig5t negro we h "h2 he claims to be free4 #ia ,g5]al ,jessup subsequ5tly report$ 8 det]m9ation to sep>ate ! negroes1 or ,exiles1 f ! ,indians4 ,he !re=e /ipulat$ = _! safety1 &1 at ! same "t1 agre$ t ! slaves ( ! ,indians %\ld accompany _! own]s1 & n be sep>at$ f !m4 ,^! facts w appe> z we proce$ 9 our hi/ory4 #ib ,vide ^! articles at l5g?1 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #ic ,g5]al ,jessup at all times practic$ ^u ?is pr9ciple4 ,:5 ,l\is1 ! guide :o plann$ ! defeat & massacre ( ,major ,dade1 became a prison] & ,wild ,cat claim$ to h captur$ him1 ,g5]al ,jessup disreg>d$ ! claim ( ,pa*eco1 ! own]1 & s5t ! negro ,we/2 &1 9 o!r in/ances1 he kept ^? kn[n to h be5 slaves z guides1 &1 at a prop] "t1 s5t !m to ! ,we/]n ,c\ntry1 z freem54 ,he ev5 brib$ negroes to act z guides to 8 army by promis+ !m lib]ty1 & c>ri$ out su* arrangem5t4 #id ,vide ?is ,memorial at l5g?1 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #ie ,all ^! communications may be f\nd at l5g? 9 ! ,fif? ,vol4 ,ex4 ,doc41 #c;d ,session ,x,x,vth ,congress4 ,b ^! arrangem5ts made ) ! *iefs are suppos$ to h re/$ entirely 9 p>ole4 ,no copy ( any su* agreem5t has be5 f\nd by ! ,au?or1 :o is fully ( op9ion t x does n exi/ 9 any au!ntic =m4 #if ,vide ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #ig ,^! ,lett]s may be f\nd 9 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #ih ,?is ,correspond5ce may be f\nd 9 ! #h? vol4 ,ex4 ,doc41 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,cong41 ,no4 #bhe4 #ii ,( ?is decl>ation he _h subsequ5t cause to rep5t1 & mo/ eloqu5tly he express$ 8 mortification1 9 a lett] to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,vide 8 ,lett] or ,jan4 #b1 #ahci1 9 ! ,docum5t la/ quot$4 #ajj ,^! facts may all be f\nd (ficially record$ 9 ,ex4 ,doc4 #gh1 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress1 & ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #aja ,! ,int]rogatories 7 embrac$ 9 a pap]1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is a copy3 ,,memor&a ,,( ,,specific ,,que/ions ,,to ,,be ,,address$ ,,to ,,osceola4 ,asc]ta9 ! object ( ! ,indians 9 com+ 9 at ?is "t4 ,also _! expectations4 ,are !y prep>$ to deliv] up ! negroes tak5 f ! citiz5s1 at once8 ,:y h !y n surr5d]$ !m already1 z promis$ by ,co-,hadjo at ,=t ,k+8 ,h ! *iefs ( ! nation held a ,c\ncil 9 relation to ! talk at ,=t ,k+8 ,:at *iefs att5d$ t ,c\ncil1 & :at 0 _! det]m9ation8 ,h ! *iefs s5t a mess5g] ) ! decision ( ! ,c\ncil8 ,h ! pr9cipal *iefs ,micanopy1 ,jump]1 ,cl\d & ,alligator s5t a mess5g]8 & if s1 :at is _! message8 ,:y h n ^? *iefs come !mselves8 7,sign$7 ,,?os4 ,s4 ,,jessup1 ,major ,g5]al ,comm&+4 ,,san ,,augu/9e1 ,augu/ #ba/1 #ahcg4 #ajb ,f ! fir/ & second int]rogatories1 ! read] w see t ,g5]al ,jessup 0 fully consci\s1 t ! attempt to deliv] ov] ^? negroes to slav]y :o 7 claim$ by ! citiz5s ( ,florida1 _h be5 ! sole cause = r5ew+ ! w>4 ,he dictat$ ! fir/ & mo/ important int]rogatory prop\nd$ to ,osceola--,are y prep>$ at once to deliv] up ! negroes tak5 f ! citiz5s8 ,b ! second %[s an important fact :i* _h1 s = z we h in=mation1 be5 kept f ! public3 ,! words1 ,:y h !y n already surr5d]$ !m1 z promis$ by ,co-,hadjo at ,=t ,k+8 ,?is %[s t ! arrangem5t report$ by him to h be5 made ) ! *iefs1 0 made ) ,co-,hadjo only4 ,x w be recollect$1 t aft] ! articles ( capitulation1 9 ,m>*1 :5 ! p ( ,florida began to dem& _! negroes1 ,g5]al ,jessup said he w\ld endeavor to make an arrangem5t ) ! *iefs = deliv]+ up ^? negroes :o _h be5 captur$ dur+ ! w>4 ,aft] ! prote/ ( ! p ( ,florida _h be5 address$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 aga9/ ! peace1 unless !y 7 to get _! negroes1 & ! public meet+ held at ,san ,augu/9e1 :i* express$ ! same views1 he report$ t he _h made su* arrangem5t ) ! *iefs2 b ) h[ _m1 or ) :i* p>ticul> *iefs1 0 unkn[n until ?is int]rogatory disclos$ ! fact1 t x 0 made ) "o obscure *ief only4 ,& :e!r he 7 intoxicat$1 or sob]1 at ! "t he attempt$ to act )\t any au?ority1 to consign hundr$s ( 8 fell[-be+s to slav]y1 )\t _! k or cons5t1 does n appe>4 ,b e read] at once prop\nds ! "q1 ,:at 7 ! t]ms ( t arrangem5t8 ,if x exi/$1 x %\ld h be5 report$ v]batim to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 & made kn[n to ! public4 #ajc ,capt4 ,sprague1 ( ! ,regul> s]vice4 #ajd ,?is /atem5t is tak5 entirely f ! ,lett]s ( ,john ,ross1 *ief ( ! ,*]okees1 to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,9 ^! lett]s1 he relates ! :ole transaction ) great =ce & app>5t c&or1 &1 9 ! "n ( ! ,*]okee ,nation1 boldly arraigns ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t = ?is trea*]y1 practic$ by a ,*ri/ian nation t[>ds a p call$ hea!ns4 ,^! lett]s may be f\nd at l5g? 9 ,ex4 ,doc4 #cbg1 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,cong41 vol4 #h4 #aje ,vide lett] ( ,g5]al ,taylor to ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #ajf ,mr4 ,sprague says !re 7 ?ree hundr$ ,indian & negro w>riors engag$ 9 ?is battle1 & t _! loss 0 t5 ,indians & "o negro kill$1 & elev5 w\nd$2 %[+ a great disp>ity betwe5 _! loss & ,g5]al ,taylor's4 #ajg ,9 #ahdh1 ,g5]al ,taylor 0 ! ,:ig c&idate = ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & s little 0 ! hi/ory ( ?is w> kn[n to our /atesm5 or politicians1 t x is believ$ no newspap]1 or /ump orator1 or advocate ( 8 election1 ev] relat$ or ref]r$ to ?is mo/ gallant act ( 8 life4 ,he _h himself1 dur+ ! w>1 exhibit$ no p>ticul> sympa?y 9 ! "w ( cat*+ & enslav+ negroes2 on ! contr>y1 he _h express$ 8 dete/ation ( t policy4 ,( c\rse ! slave p[]1 n will+ to make op5 w> ^u him1 _h p]mitt$ 8 "n to re/ )\t connect+ x ) ! p]=mance ( any brilliant or humane acts4 ,! casui/ may say1 t he ought n to h s]v$ 9 su* a w>1 & t no gallantry display$ 9 su* a cause ought to reflect cr$it ^u any man4 ,b ,g5]al ,taylor1 l o!r m51 %\ld be judg$ by ! times1 ! cu/oms1 ! morality ( ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 #ajh ,vide ,ex4 ,doc41 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress1 ,no4 #bbe4 #aji ,vide ,g5]al ,jessup's lett] to ,g5]al ,arbuckle1 #h ,vol4 ,ex4 ,doc41 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #aaj ,vide ,g5]al ,jessup's lett] to ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 above ref]r$ to4 #aaa ,?is is ! view :i* ,g5]al ,jessup gives ( ! transaction1 ,ex4 ,doc41 #h? ,vol41 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress #aab ,vide ,report ( ,g5]al ,jessup to ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,ex4 ,doc41 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #aac ,^! facts may all be f\nd 9 ! #d?1 #e?1 #g?1 #h?1 #aa? #ab? vols4 ( ,ex4 ,doc41 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress2 ! lett]s ( ,ross & correspond5ce ( ,g5]al ,jessup1 & (ficial reports1 occupy+ sev]al hundr$ pages4 #aad ,horace ,ev]ett1 :o 0 _m ye>s a ,repres5tative 9 ,congress1 an ard5t ,:ig1 & con/ant oppon5t ( ,jackson & ,van ,bur54 ,aft] ! report ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w> 9 answ] to 8 resolution _h be5 receiv$1 ,mr4 ,ev]ett made a spee* on ! subject1 expos+ ! mann] 9 :i* ! w> _h be5 conduct$1 & intimat$ t x 0 m imm$iately connect$ ) ! support ( slav]y ?an x ought to be4 ,b :ile he 0 c>eful to say no?+ exceptionable to ! slave int]e/1 he c]ta9ly entitl$ himself to ! honor ( be+ ! fir/ memb] :o assail$ ! w>1 & ! fir/ to hold ! ,adm9i/ration responsible = ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 prosecut$4 ,! spee* may be f\nd at l5g? 9 ! ,app5dix to ! ,congressional ,globe ( t session4 #aae ,vide ,lett] ( ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs to ,secret>y ( ,w>1 #i? ,may1 #ahch4 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #b;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #aaf ,major ,zantz+]1 l _m o!r (fic]s1 appe>s to h ?\ght t e negro mu/ h a ma/]1 & he call$ ^! ,exiles ! prop]ty ( ! ,sem9oles1 al?\gh ! ,ag5t = t ,tribe _h report$ a few ye>s previ\sly1 t ! numb] ( slaves own$ by !m did n exce$ =ty4 #aag ,vide ,watson's ,petition & pro(s1 9 support ( 8 claim1 pres5t$ to ,congress--#a/ ,sess4 ,x,x,v,ith ,cong4--n[ on file 9 ! (fice ( ! ,cl]k ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 #aah ,vide ,watson's ,/atem5t ( facts 9 ?is case1 on file ) ! above pap]s4 #aai ,sev]al ye>s aft] ?is transaction1 ! ,au?or happ5$ to meet ?is w>-worn vet]an1 & z ! old h]o rec\nt$ ?is incid5t ( 8 life ) w>m & gl[+ eloqu5ce1 8 eye k9dl$1 8 c\nt5ance light$ up ) pleasure1 & he spoke ( x ) m app>5t satisfaction ?an he ev] ref]r$ to 8 mo/ brilliant milit>y a*ievem5t4 #abj ,vide ,lett] ( ,major ,isaac ,cl>k to ,commission] ( ,indian ,affairs1 ,sept4 #ah1 #ahch4 ,ex4 ,doc4 #bbe1 #c;d ,sess4 ,x,x,vth ,congress4 #aba ,hon4 ,eli%a ,:ittlesey1 ! pr$ecessor ( ,mr4 ,gidd+s1 long & ably presid$ ov] ! committee on ,claims4 ,he 0 a man ( untir+ indu/ry2 & :5 he f\nd x necess>y to report on a slave case1 9 #ahce1 he wrote ! ,regi/] ( ! ,treasury1 inquir+ if slaves _h ev] be5 paid = by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z prop]ty4 ,! reply /at$ !y _h n2 & ! committee report$ adv]sely to ! case1 al?\gh x 0 "o ( ! /ronge/ "* possible4 ,francis ,l>*e1 liv+ ne> ,new ,orleans1 own$ a horse1 c>t & slave4 ,! day be=e ! battle bel[ t city1 9 #ahad1 !y 7 impress$ into ! s]vice2 & :ile ?us held by ! ,unit$ ,/ates au?orities1 on ! day ( ! battle1 ! horse & slave 7 kill$ by cannon %ot1 & ,l>*e petition$ ,congress = comp5sation = ! loss ( 8 slave4 ,mr4 ,:ittlesey drew up an able report refus+ su* comp5sation4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,tw5ty-sev5? ,congress1 ,mr4 ,gidd+s 0 plac$ at ! head ( t committee2 b1 be+ obnoxi\s to ! advocates ( slav]y1 he 0 remov$ f t position at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,tw5ty-eigh? ,congress2 yet !re seem$ to be an ,impression t 8 successor %\ld be tak5 f ,ohio1 & ,hon4 ,joseph ,vance 0 made ,*airman4 ,he 0 a man at t "t some:at advanc$ 9 life1 & n accu/om$ to legal inve/igations4 ,cases :i* requir$ rese>*1 7 usually consign$ to "s subord9ate memb] ( ! committee4 ,x 0 :ile he 0 act+ z ,*airman1 t ?is case ( ,watson 0 fir/ report$ ^u favorably by ! committee on ,claims1 al?\gh x _h nev] be=e be5 reg>d$ by t committee z entitl$ to any enc\ragem5t4 #abb ,!re is little d\bt t ! real numb] ( ,exiles 0 unkn[n to ,g5]al ,jackson1 or to ,g5]al ,cass1 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w>4 ,!y appe> to h reg>d$ _! numb] f> less ?an x 0 e/imat$1 dur+ ! fir/ ,sem9ole ,w> ( #ahah4 #abc ,capta9 ,sprague's ,hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w> s repres5ts ! subject4 #abd ,n hav+ ! ,/atutes ( ,florida be=e u1 we make ?is /atem5t on ! au?ority ( ,capta9 ,sprague4 #abe ,we h no copy ( ,mr4 ,wise's lett]1 & h nev] se5 ! lett] itself2 b we /ate ! fact t he wrote ! ,secret>y ( ,w> by au?ority ( t (fic]1 :o says 9 ! lett] quot$1 ,i h ! honor to ackn[l$ge ! receipt ( y\r lett] ( ! #bg? in/41 inquir+1 etc4 #abf ,! ,au?or 0 at t "t a memb] ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 ,he _h !n no conception ( ! real objects ( ?is w>3 inde$1 x _h long be5 ! practice = memb]s to say no?+ on ! subject ( slav]y2 & x 0 equally ! practice = newspap]s to pr9t no?+ on t delicate subject1 z x 0 call$4 ,( c\rse ! p knew v little conc]n+ x4 #abg ,capta9 ,sprague1 9 8 hi/ory ( ! ,florida ,w>1 says1 ,! tru?1 :5 made kn[n to ! ,indians :o rema9$ 9 ,florida1 con/itut$ ! /ronge/ argum5t :y !y %\ld n emigrate4 ,_h !y 7says t au?or7 be5 kept 9 ignorance1 bett] results might h be5 anticipat$2 b :at !y ga!r$ f ! hone/ confessions & sil5ce ( _! bro!rs t5d$ to make !m v5]ate ) m fidelity & increas$ love ! soil :i* !y _h def5d$ ) h]oic =titude = five consecutive ye>s4 #abh ,capta9 ,sprague1 9 8 hi/ory1 decl>es1 t x 0 prov5 9 two in/ances t :ite m51 disguis$ z ,indians1 actually committ$ depr$ations & murd]$ :ite p4 #abi ,?is fir/ spee* _h be5 c>efully prep>$ by ! ,au?or ( ?is "w1 & conta9$ little m ?an a collation ( facts f public docum5ts4 ,x 0 made ) ! design ( te/+ ! application ( ! gag rules m ?an = ! purpose ( expos+ ! "* ( ! w>4 ,hon4 ,john ,q4 ,adams1 ,wm4 ,slade1 & ! ,au?or1 (t5 consult$ ) ea* o!r z to ! be/ means = induc+ ! ,h\se to repeal ^? obnoxi\s rules4 ,! ,au?or sugge/$ ! plan ( allud+ to slav]y :ile publicly disc\rs+ matt]s ) :i* x 0 incid5tally connect$4 ,mr4 ,adams & ,mr4 ,slade insi/$ t ! ,au?or %\ld try 8 plan4 ,aw>e t appropriations = ?is w> w\ld be call$ =1 he prep>$ ?is spee*1 %[+ ! causes ( ! w>2 & :5 ! bill above ref]r$ to came be=e ! ,h\se1 he proce$$ to te/ 8 plan4 ,he 0 frequ5tly call$ to ord]1 & great excitem5t 0 produc$2 b he succe$$ 9 deliv]+ ! spee*4 ,:5 he 0 ?r\gh1 a s\!rn memb] repli$1 decl>+ t ! gag-rules may z well be repeal$ z kept 9 =ce1 if !y p]mitt$ su* discussions4 ,! position 0 evid5tly correct1 & ^? disgraceful rules 7 repeal$ by ! next ,congress4 #acj ,?is /atem5t is f\nd$ ^u ! au?ority ( ,capta9 ,sprague4 ,x is h[ev] c]ta91 t _m ( ! claimants actually receiv$ comp5sation f ! public treasury = ! loss ( _! slaves4 ,! p[] to pay = !m 0 assum$ by ,executive (fic]s1 "u ! appropriation act ( ,m>*1 #ahda1 )\t ref]5ce to ,congress4 #aca ,capta9 ,sprague1 9 8 hi/ory1 ent]s into a some:at l5g!n$ apology = ?is practice ( ,g5]al ,wor?1 by say+1 ! negroes 7 ! mo/ active & v9dictive ( ! ho/ile =ces2 t1 f ! peculi> situation ( ! c\ntry1 t5 negroes c\ld keep x 9 a /ate ( con/ant al>m2 t _m ( !m _h int]m>ri$ ) ! ,sem9oles & become id5tifi$ ) !m1 _h acquir$ _! habits1 & w\ld h be5 useless to _! own]s _h !y be5 deliv]$ to !m2 t ! negro w\ld h rema9$ 9 s]vice b a few days1 :5 he w\ld h aga9 tak5 to ! swamps & hommocks1 :5 he c\ld elude pursuit1 & w\ld h be5 m v9dictive ?an be=e4 #acb ,vide op9ions ( ! ,attorney ,g5]als1 f #ahch to #ahea1 page #aidd1 ,s5ate ,doc4 #ee4 ,x is a s+ul> fact t1 9 ! :ole ( ?is elaborate op9ion1 no allusion is made to ! real condition ( ! ,exiles2 nor w\ld any p]son suspect1 f read+ x1 t ! ,attorney ,g5]al _h any k ( ! claim :i* ! ,creeks pref]r$4 ,al?\gh he quotes ! clause 9 ! articles ( capitulation1 :i* expressly & emphatically decl>es t ,major ,g5]al ,jessup1 9 behalf ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 agrees t ! ,sem9oles & _! allies1 :o come 9 & emigrate1 %all be protect$ 9 _! lives & prop]ty2 yet he appe>s nev] to h conceiv$ ! idea t su* a /ipulation c\ld impose any duties ^u our ,gov]nm5t 9 favor ( negroes2 nor does he attempt to def9e ! mean+ ( ?is mo/ explicit cov5ant4 #acc ,"u ?is law1 :i* is g5]al 9 all slave ,/ates1 free color$ citiz5s ( ne>ly e free ,/ate ( ! ,union h be5 seiz$ & enslav$1 & are n[ toil+ 9 *a9s4 #acd ,hon4 ,r4 ,w4 ,johnson1 a ,repres5tative f ,arkansas1 spoke ( ?is wret* z hav+ come f ,l\isiana2 b f manuscript lett]s on file 9 ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 ! ,au?or is l$ to ?9k he came f ,florida1 & _h previ\sly p>ticipat$ 9 kidnapp+ ,exiles 9 t ,t]ritory4 #ace ,! ,au?or1 be+ unable to obta9 a publication ( ! docum5ts %[+ ^! facts1 /ates !m ^u ! be/ au?ority he possesses4 ,dur+ ! discussions ^u :at is call$ ! ,indian ,appropriation ,bill = #aheb1 9 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! foll[+ colloquial debate occurr$1 & is n[ cit$ z a "p ( ! evid5ce on :i* ^! facts are /at$4 ,x w be f\nd 9 ! ,congressional ,globe ( #aheb1 vol4 #bd1 "p #c;d1 pages #ahjd1 #ahje3 ,mr4 ,,gidd+s4 ,i rise = a diff]5t purpose ?an t ( express+ my approbation ( ! am5dm5t :i* has j be5 read4 ,i ask ! especial att5tion ( g5tlem5 to "s int]rogatories :i* ,i desire to prop\nd = ! purpose ( obta9+ in=mation2 & t ! in=mation may g to ! c\ntry1 ,i w obs]ve1 t ,i desire to h ! exp]i5ce ( ! able ,*airman ( ! committee on ,indian ,affairs 7,mr4 ,johnson ( ,arkansas71 to obta9 ?is intellig5ce4 ,accord+ to reliable in=mation :i* ,i receiv$ 9 ! summ] ( #ahej1 ^! ,creek ,indians1 to :om att5tion has be5 turn$1 ) =ce & viol5ce1 seiz$ f sev5ty to "o hundr$ free p]sons ( color 9 ! ,indian ,t]ritory1 or at lea/ ^? claim+ to be free1 & enslav$1 sold & transport$ !m to ! ,/ate ( ,l\isiana1 :]e !y are n[ 9 s]vitude z slaves4 ,i w /ate t ?is 0 done 9 violation ( ! treaty ent]$ into 9 #ahde1 & 9 subv]sion ( our solemn fai?1 ent]$ into ) ^! negroes dur+ ! ,sem9ole ,w>1 9 #ahcg4 ,! (ficial in=mation ^u ?is subject is 9 ! ,indian ,dep>tm5t1 :]e x has be5 receiv$2 & f :i* t we h n be5 able to obta9 any intellig5ce by resolution1 al?\gh a resolution = t purpose has be5 9 my desk s9ce ! fir/ day ( ! session4 ,! que/ions ,i desire to prop\nd to ^? g5tlem5 are--,fir/1 ,is x a fact t ^? p]sons ( color 7 seiz$ & sold into slav]y2 &1 second1 by :at claim ( "r or pret5d$ title did ^! ,creek ,indians enslave & sell ^? p8 ,mr4 ,,johnson4 ,i h no (ficial k 9 ! matt] at all4 ,!n z to ! k ,i h obta9$ incid5tally1 ,i d "k t !re has be5 a great conte/ 9 relation to a portion ( ^! ,creek ,indian negroes2 ,i d "k t ! matt] has be5 look$ into "h 9 ! ,executive ,dep>tm5ts2 ,i d "k t ! matt] has nev] be5 be=e ! ,h\se at all1 unless x has /rangely escap$ my notice2 ,i "k x has n be5 be=e my committee2 ,i "k ! ,attorney ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has decl>$ 8 op9ion z to ! title ( ^! negroes3 ,i ?9k !re 7 sev5ty ( !m1 ?\gh x might h be5 m or less4 ,s1 !n1 ,i h no (ficial in=mation on ! subject to :i* ! g5tleman alludes4 ,"s two or ?ree ye>s ago1 ,i "k ( a conte/ go+ on ab\t ! title to ^! negroes1 & t x 0 decid$ t !y belong$ to ^? ,indians4 ,!y _h e/abli%$ !mselves 9 a free t[n1 :i* !y ma9ta9$ ) =ce & arms4 ,!re 7 heavy di/urbances exi/+ !re 9 ! ,indian nation1 am\nt+ at times almo/ to civil w>3 ,i believe be=e x 0 done )1 x 0 q civil w>4 ,i "k !y 7 tak52 b :at 0 done ) !m1 ,i d n "k4 ,!y 7 tak51 & c>ri$ out ( ! nation1 ) ! design ( hold+ !m z prop]ty1 :5 !y c\ld n hold !m 9 ! nation on acc\nt ( ! di/urbance :i* !y creat$4 ,i "k ! decision ( ! ,attorney ,g5]al ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z to ! title to ^! negroes2 & t is ! :ole /atem5t 9 reg>d to ! matt] z f> z ,i c give x4 #acf ,! ,au?or has writt5 _m lett]s1 & made frequ5t ef=ts1 to obta9 a copy ( ! record ( ?is writ1 if any _h be5 kept1 & ! proce$+s1 toge!r ) ! op9ion ( ! ,judge !reon1 b has n succe$$4 ,! /atem5t1 !re=e1 re/s on ! v]bal reports1 curr5t at ! "t 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 & communicat$ to ! ,au?or by individuals :o happ5$ to be !re at ! "t4 #acg ,! ,au?or has be5 unable to obta9 (ficial data ( ! numb] ( ,exiles :o rema9$ 9 ! ,indian ,c\ntry4 #ach ,! ,au?or has be5 compell$ to rely on v]bal reports receiv$ f individuals = ^! facts4 ,he also und]/ood ,mr4 ,john/on1 ! ,repres5tative f ,arkansas1 9 ! debate ref]r$ to 9 a =m] note1 to say di/9ctly1 t ! ,creeks pursu$ ! ,exiles1 & t a battle 0 f\ght1 b he 0 unable to /ate p>ticul>s4 #aci ,vide ,(ficial ,report ( ,major ,emory1 9 reg>d to ! b\nd>y l9e betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,mexico4 ,he /ates ! location ( ,wild ,cat & ! ,sem9ole ,indians1 b omits all ref]5ce to ! ,exiles4 #adj ,?is numb] has be5 increas$ by fre% arrivals f ! ,indian ,c\ntry1 s9ce #ahej4 #ada ,vide ,manuscript ,lett]s n[ on file 9 ! ,indian ,bureau at ,wa%+ton4