,a ,,c5tury ,,( ,,sci5ce ,& ,o!r ,essays ,,by ,,john ,,fiske ,out ( ! %ad[s ( night ,! _w rolls into light3 ,x is daybreak ev]y:]e4 ,,longfell[4 ,,bo/on ,,& ,,new ,,york ,,h\ghton1 ,,miffl9 ,,& ,,company ,! ,riv]side ,press1 ,cambridge #ahii ,,copyright1 #ahii1 ,,by ,,john ,,fiske ,,all ,,rights ,,res]v$ ,,d$icatory ,,epi/le ,,to ,,?omas ,,s]geant ,,p]ry1 ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,engli% ,,lit]ature ,,9 ,,! ,,keio ,,gijuku1 ,,at ,,tokyo4 ,,de> ,,tom1--,x has long be5 my wi% to make y ! patron sa9t or tutel> div9ity ( "s book ( m9e1 & x has lately occurr$ to me t x ought to be a book ( ! desultory & *atty sort t w\ld rem9d y1 9 y\r pres5t exile at ! _w's ea/]n rim1 ( ! _m quiet ev5+s ( old1 :51 ov] a tank>d ( mell[ ,octob] & pipe ( fragrant ,virg9ia1 :ile ,yule logs crackl$ bli!ly & ! music ( patt]+ sleet 0 ^u ! w9d[-pane1 we us$ to roam 9 fancy ?r\gh ! univ]se & give free utt]ance to su* ?\ghts1 s$ate or frivol\s1 z seem$ to u good4 ,i d>e say ! pres5t volume may s]ve z an epitome ( _m su* old-"t sessions ( sweet disc\rse1 :i* ,i tru/ we %all by & by repeat & r5ew4 ,b !re is "o l9k ( association :i* 9 my m9d especially connects y ) ! pres5t occasion4 ,my !ory ( ! causes & effects ( ! prolongation ( human infancy1 ) ref]5ce to ! evolution ( man1 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,review = ,octob]1 #ahgc1 :5 y 7 ! editor ( t p]iodical4 ,! article1 :i* 0 entitl$ ,! ,progress f ,brute to ,man1 0 made up ( two *apt]s ( my ,outl9es ( ,cosmic ,philosophy 7"p ii4 *aps1 xxi41 xxii471 :i* 0 publi%$ a ye> lat]1 9 ,octob]1 #ahgd4 ,! value ( ! !ory !re9 set =? 0 at once recogniz$ by _m lead+ naturali/s4 ,9 ! address ( ,vice-,presid5t ,edw>d ,morse1 be=e ! ,am]ican ,association1 at its meet+ at ,buffalo 9 #ahgf1 my !ory receives ext5d$ notice z "o ( ! mo/ important contributions yet made to ! ,doctr9e ( ,evolution2 & x is decl>$ t ,i h giv5 = ! fir/ "t a rational explanation ( ! orig9 & p]si/5ce ( family relations1 & !nce communal i4 e41 clan relations1 &1 f9ally1 ( society4#a ,uncontrollable circum/ances h prev5t$ my giv+ to ! fur!r elaboration ( ?is infancy !ory ! "t & att5tion :i* x des]ves & dem&s2 b 9 my little book1 ,! ,de/9y ( ,man1 publi%$ 9 #ahhd1 ,i gave a popul> exposition ( x :i* has made x widely kn[n 9 all ,engli%-speak+ c\ntries & on ! cont95t ( ,europe1 z well z among y\r wor?y ,japanese neighb\rs1 ,tom1 :o h done me ! hon\r to translate "s ( my books into _! v]nacul>4 ,! !ory has become /ill fur!r popul>iz$ ?r\gh hav+ furni%$ ! />t+-po9t = "s ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ic speculations ( ! late ,h5ry ,drummond4 ,9 ^! & o!r ways my infancy !ory has s f> ent]$ into ! curr5t ?\ghts ( ! pres5t age t p h 7naturally en\gh7 begun to =get ) :om x orig9at$4 ,= example1 9 ! rec5t book1 ,?r\gh ,nature to ,god1 :ile criticis+ a rem>k ( ,huxley's1 ,i f\nd x desirable to make a re/atem5t ( ! infancy !ory2 :]eupon a fri5dly review]1 ref]r+ to t p>ticul> "p ( ! book1 obs]ves t ( c\rse x makes no pret5sions to orig9ality1 b is simply my lucid summ>y ( speculations ) :i* e read] ( ,d>w91 ,sp5c]1 ,huxley1 ,romanes1 & ,drummond is famili>6 ,9 po9t ( fact1 n ! fa9te/ sugge/ion ( ?is infancy !ory c be f\nd 9 all ! writ+s ( ,d>w91 ,huxley1 & ,romanes4 ,9 ,sp5c]'s ,sociology1 vol4 i4 p4 #fcj1 x is briefly m5tion$ ) approval z an important contribution orig9at+ ) me2 & 9 ,drummond's ,asc5t ( ,man1 :i* is really built ^u x1 cr$it is cordially giv5 me4#b ,inde$1 d[n to ! pres5t "t1 ,i h be5 left almo/ 9 exclusive possession ( t area ( speculation :i* is occupi$ ) ! g5esis ( ,man z connect$ ) t prolongation ( infancy :i* fir/ began to become conspicu\s 9 ! manlike apes4 ,!re are _m :o ass5t to :at ,i h put =?1 b few :o seem incl9$ to ent] t difficult field on ! m>*l& betwe5 biology1 psy*ology1 & sociology4 ,d\btless ?is is because ! att5tion ( ! sci5tific _w has = =ty ye>s be5 absorb$ 9 ! m g5]al que/ions conc]n+ ! compet5cy ( natural selection1 ! causes ( v>iation1 ! ag5cies alleg$ by ,lam>ck1 & 9 ^! latt] days ,weismannism1 etc4 ,9 c\rse ( "t1 h[ev]1 ! m special problems connect$ ) man's g5esis w surely come upp]mo/1 & !n we may hope to see ! causes ( ! l5g!n+ ( infancy inve/igat$ by ?9k]s duly conv]sant alike ) psy*ology & embryology4 ,que/ions ( priority 9 orig9at+ new !ories may n greatly int]e/ ! g5]al read]1 b y & ,i feel int]e/$ 9 prev5t+ any misconception 9 ! pres5t case2 & x 0 ?us t ! c>eless rem>k ( ! fri5dly review] l$ me to ins]t 9 ! pres5t volume ! %or?& report ( "s autobiographical rem>ks on ! infancy !ory4 ,9 read+ ! pro(-%eets ,i h notic$ t ! book conta9s else:]e _m allusions to p]sonal exp]i5ces4 ,?is feature1 :i* 0 q un=ese51 w n fail to comm5d x all ! m /rongly to y1 my anci5t fri5d & comrade4 ,z = read]s 9 g5]al1 ,i may be/ conclude 9 ! words ( old ,a>on ,ra?bone1 ^: book entitl$ ,! ,surveyor 0 dat$ f my lodg+ at ! h\se ( ,m4 ,rog] ,bvrgis1 aga9/ ,salisburie-h\se-gate1 9 ! ,/r&1 ?is sixt ( ,n\emb]1 #afaf4 ,?is wise & placid philosoph] sai?3 ,to p]swade ! c\rte\s 7 causelesse1 = !y are naturally k9d2 & to diswade ! capti\s 7 bootless1 = !y w n be div]t$4 ,let ! fir/ make true vse ( ^! my lab\rs1 & !y %all f9d pleasure & pr(it !re92 let ! la/ 7if !y l n7 leave x1 & x %all n (f5d !m4 ,:]e=e let me1 )\t fur!r ado1 subscribe myself1 ,ev] y\rs1 ,,john ,,fiske4 ,,cambridge1 ,octob] #be1 #ahii4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,i4 ,a ,,c5tury ,,( ,,sci5ce #a ,,ii4 ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,evolution3 ,,its ,,scope ,,& ,,purport #ci ,,iii4 ,,edw>d ,,liv+/on ,,y\mans #fd ,,iv4 ,,! ,,"p ,,play$ ,,by ,,infancy ,,9 ,,! ,,evolution ,,( ,,man #ajj ,v4 ,,! ,,orig9s ,,( ,,lib]al ,,?\ght ,,9 ,,am]ica #abb ,,vi4 ,,sir ,,h>ry ,,vane #aed ,,vii4 ,,! ,,arbitration ,,treaty #aff ,,viii4 ,,francis ,,p>kman #aid ,,ix4 ,,edw>d ,,augu/us ,,freeman #bfe ,x4 ,,cambridge ,,z ,,village ,,& ,,city #bhf ,,xi4 ,a ,,h>ve/ ,,( ,,iri% ,,folk-,,lore #cai ,,xii4 ,,guess+ ,,at ,,half ,,& ,,multiply+ ,,by ,,two #ccc ,,xiii4 ,,=ty ,,ye>s ,,( ,,bacon-,,%akespe>e ,,folly #cej ,,xiv4 ,,"s ,,cranks ,,& ,,_! ,,crot*ets #dje ,,note #dfa ,,index #dfg ,a ,,c5tury ,,( ,,sci5ce ,i ,a ,,c5tury ,,( ,,sci5ce#c ,9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> #aggd ,dr4 ,prie/ley f\nd t by heat+ r$ precipitate1 or :at we n[ call r$ oxide ( m]cury1 a gas 0 obta9$1 :i* he call$ dephlogi/icat$ air1 or1 9 o!r words1 air depriv$ ( phlogi/on1 & !re=e incombu/ible4 ,?is incombu/ible air 0 oxyg51 & su* 0 man's fir/ introduction to ! mighty elem5t t makes "o fif? ( ! atmosph]e 9 volume & eight n9?s ( ! ocean by weight1 besides =m+ "o half ( ! e>?'s solid cru/1 & support+ all fire & all life4 ,i "k ( no?+ :i* c reveal to u ) su* />tl+ vividness ! ext5t ( ! gulf :i* ! human m9d has trav]s$ )9 little m ?an a hundr$ ye>s4 ,x is sc>cely possible to put ourselves back into ! frame ( m9d 9 :i* oxyg5 0 unkn[n1 & no man c\ld tell :at takes place :5 a log ( wood is burn$ on ! he>?4 ,! language employ$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley c>ries u back to ! "t :5 *emi/ry 0 beg9n+ to em]ge f al*emy4 ,x 0 ,newton's contempor>y1 ,/ahl1 :o inv5t$ ! doctr9e ( phlogi/on 9 ord] to acc\nt = combu/ion4 ,/ahl suppos$ t all combu/ible sub/ances conta9 a common elem5t1 or fire pr9ciple1 :i* he call$ phlogi/on1 & :i* escapes 9 ! process ( combu/ion4 ,inde$1 ! act ( combu/ion 0 suppos$ to consi/ 9 ! escape ( phlogi/on4 ,:i!r ?is my/]i\s fire pr9ciple betook itself1 aft] sev]+ its connection ) visible matt]1 0 n too cle>ly indicat$1 b ( c\rse x 0 to t limbo f> l>g] ?an purgatory1 ! oubliette :]e9 h p]i%$ m5's unsuccessful guesses at tru?4 ,/ahl's !ory1 h[ev]1 m>k$ a great advance ^u :at _h gone be=e1 inasmu* z x /at$ ! case 9 su* a way z to admit ( direct refutation4 ,little use 0 made ( ! balance 9 ^? days1 b :5 x 0 obs]v$ t z9c & lead & sundry o!r sub/ances gr[ heavi] 9 burn+1 x seem$ h>dly correct to suppose t any?+ _h escap$ f ^! sub/ances4 ,to ?is objection ! fri5ds ( ! fire pr9ciple repli$ t phlogi/on might weigh less ?an no?+1 or1 9 o!r words1 might be end[$ ) a positive attribute ( levity1 s t to subtract x f a body w\ld increase ! weight ( ! body4 ,?is 0 a truly %ifty me?od ( reason+1 9 :i* y\r phlogi/on1 ) its plus sign to-day & its m9us sign to-morr[1 exhibit$ a skill 9 fac+ bo? ways l t ( an ,am]ican c&idate = public (fice4 ,into ! /ructure ( false sci5ce t _h be5 re>$ ^u ^! misconceptions ,dr4 ,prie/ley's discov]y ( oxyg5 came l a bomb%ell4 ,z 9 s _m o!r l cases1 ! discov]y 0 de/9$ to come at ab\t t "t2 x 0 made aga9 ?ree ye>s aft]w>d by ! ,sw$i% *emi/ ,s*eele1 )\t kn[+ :at ,prie/ley _h done4 ,! /udy ( oxyg5 soon po9t$ to ! conclusion t1 :atev] may escape dur+ combu/ion1 oxyg5 is always unit$ ) ! burn+ sub/ance4 ,!n came ,lavoisi] ) 8 balance1 & prov$ t :5ev] a ?+ burns x comb9es ) ,prie/ley's oxyg51 & ! weight ( ! result+ product is equal to ! weight ( ! sub/ance burn$ plus ! weight ( oxyg5 ab/ract$ f ! air4 ,?us combu/ion is simply union ) oxyg51 & no?+ escapes4 ,no room 0 left = phlogi/on4 ,m5's ?\ghts 7 dephlogi/icat$ f t "t =?4 ,! balance became ! rul+ in/rum5t ( *emi/ry4 ,"o fur!r /ep l$ to ! g5]alization t 9 all *emical *anges !re is no su* ?+ z increase or dim9ution1 b only sub/itution1 & ^u ?is fundam5tal tru? ( ! inde/ructibility ( matt] all mod]n *emi/ry re/s4 ,:5 we look at ! /up5d\s edifice ( sci5ce t has be5 re>$ ^u ?is basis1 :5 we consid] ! almo/ limitless sweep ( inorganic & organic *emi/ry1 ! myriad applications to ! arts1 ! dep? to :i* we h be5 enabl$ to p5etrate into ! inn]mo/ proclivities ( matt]1 x seems almo/ incr$ible t a s+le c5tury c h witness$ s mu* a*ievem5t4 ,we mu/ admit ! fact1 b our m9ds _c take x 92 we are /agg]$ by x4 ,"o ?+ /&s out prom95tly1 z we contra/ ?is rapid & coh]5t progress ) ! b>r5ness ( anci5t al*emy & ! *aotic fumbl+ ( ! ,/ahl p]iod3 we see ! importance ( untrammell$ inquiry1 & ( s\nd me?ods ( inve/igation :i* admit ( v]ification at e /ep4 ,t humble in/rum5t ! balance1 work+ 9 ! s]vice ( sov]eign law1 has be5 a b5efic5t ,j9ni unlock+ ! portals ( _m a *amb] :]e9 may be he>d ! secret h>monies ( ! _w4 ,x is n only 9 *emi/ry1 h[ev]1 t ! m>vell\s advance ( sci5ce has be5 exhibit$4 ,9 all directions ! quantity ( a*ievem5t has be5 s m>k$ t x is wor? our :ile to take a brief g5]al survey ( ! :ole1 to see if haply we may seize ^u ! fundam5tal *>act]i/ics ( ?is great progress4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 a glance at a/ronomy w %[ u h[ mu* our k ( ! _w has enl>g$ 9 space s9ce ! day :5 ,prie/ley set free 8 dephlogi/icat$ air4 ,! kn[n sol> sy/em !n consi/$ ( sun1 moon1 e>?1 & ! five planets visible to ! nak$ eye4 ,s9ce ! days ( ! ,*aldan %eph]ds !re _h be5 no additions except ! moons ( ,jupit] & ,saturn4 ,h]s*el's telescope 0 to w9 its fir/ triumph 9 ! detection ( ,uranus 9 #agha4 ,! ,newtonian !ory1 promulgat$ 9 #afhg1 _h come to be g5]ally accept$1 b !re 7 difficulties rema9+1 connect$ ) ! planet>y p]turbations & ! inequalities 9 ! moon's motion1 :i* ! glori\s lab\rs ( ,lagrange & ,laplace 7 pres5tly to expla9 & remove1--lab\rs :i* bore _! full fruition two g5]ations lat]1 9 #ahde1 :5 ! discov]y ( ! planet ,neptune1 by purely ma!matical reason+ f ! obs]v$ effects ( its gravitation1 furni%$ = ! ,newtonian !ory ! gr&e/ confirmation kn[n 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( sci5ce4 ,9 ,prie/ley's "t1 sid]eal a/ronomy 0 little m ?an ! catalogu+ ( su* />s & nebul z c\ld be se5 ) ! telescopes !n at comm&4 ,sixty ye>s aft] ! discov]y ( oxyg5 ! di/ance ( no /> _h be5 measur$4 ,9 #ahcf1 ,augu/e ,comte assur$ 8 read]s t su* a feat 0 impossible1 t ! ,newtonian !ory c\ld nev] be prov$ to ext5d ?r\gh ! int]/ell> spaces1 & t ! matt] ( :i* />s are compos$ may be entirely diff]5t 9 its prop]ties f ! matt] ) :i* we are famili>4 ,)9 ?ree ye>s ! fir/ "p ( ?is prophecy 0 disprov$ :5 ,bessel measur$ ! di/ance ( ! /> #fa ,cygni2 s9ce !n ! /udy ( ! movem5ts ( d\ble & multiple />s has %[n !m con=m+ to ,newton's law2 & z = ! matt] ( :i* !y are compos$1 we are introduc$ to a *apt] 9 sci5ce :i* ev5 ! bolde/ speculator ( half a c5tury ago w\ld h d]id$ z a baseless dream4 ,! discov]y ( spectrum analysis & ! inv5tion ( ! spectroscope1 complet$ 9 #ahfa by ,kir*h(f & ,buns51 h suppli$ data = ! creation ( a /ell> *emi/ry2 %[+ u1 = example1 hydrog5 9 ,sirius & ! nebula ( ,orion1 sodium & potassium1 calcium & iron1 9 ! sun2 demon/rat+ ! gase\s "* ( nebul2 & reveal+ *emical elem5ts hi!rto unkn[n1 su* z helium1 a m9]al fir/ detect$ 9 ! sun's atmosph]e1 & aft]w>d f\nd 9 ,norway4 ,a /ill m wond]ful result ( spectrum analysis is our ability to measure ! motion ( a /> ?r\gh a slight %ift+ 9 ! wave-l5g?s ( ! light :i* x emits4 ,9 ?is way we c measure1 9 ! abs5ce ( all p>allax1 ! direct approa* or recession ( a />2 & 9 some:at simil> wise has be5 discov]$ ! cause ( ! long-obs]v$ v>iations ( brilliancy 9 ,algol4 ,t />1 :i* is ab\t ! size ( our sun1 has a d>k companion n mu* small]1 & ! twa9 are mov+ ar\nd a ?ird body1 also d>k3 ! result is an irregul> s]ies ( eclipses ( ,algol1 & ! gravitative =ces ex]t$ by ! two invisible />s are e/imat$ ?r\gh _! effects ^u ! spectrum ( ! bright />4 ,9 no dep>tm5t ( sci5ce has a region ( inf]5ce be5 rea*$ m remote ?an ?is4 ,f su* a flight "o may come back g5tly to m famili> regions :ile rem>k+ ^u ! manifold results t h begun to be atta9$ f ! application ( a s5sitive photograph plate to ! telescope 9 place ( ! human eye4 ,x may suffice to obs]ve t we ?us cat* ! fleet+ aspects ( sun-spots & pres]ve !m = /udy2 we detect ! feeble self-lum9osity /ill left 9 su* a sl[ly cool+ planet z ,jupit]2 & s9ce ! metallic plate does n quickly we>y1 l ! human ret9a1 ! cumulative effects ( its long exposure reveal ! exi/5ce ( c\ntless />s & nebul too remote to be o!rwise rea*$ by any visual process4 ,by su* photographic me?ods ,george ,d>w9 has caught an equatorial r+ 9 ! act ( deta*m5t f its p>5t nebula1 & ! successive phases ( ! sl[ process may be wat*$ & record$ by g5]ations ( mortals yet to come4 ,to appreciate ! philosophic be>+s ( ?is va/ enl>gem5t ( ! m5tal horizon1 let u recall j :at happ5$ :5 ,newton fir/ took ! leap f e>? into ! cele/ial spaces by e/abli%+ a law ( physics to :i* moon & apple alike con=m4 ,x 0 ! fir/ /ep1 & a v long "o1 t[>d prov+ t ! t]re/rial & cele/ial worlds are dynamically ak91 t ! same k9d ( ord] prevails ?r\gh bo? alike1 t bo? are p>ts ( "o cosmic :ole4 ,s late z ,kepl]'s "t1 x 0 possible to argue t ! planets are propell$ 9 _! elliptic orbits by =ces q unlike any t are disclos$ by purely t]re/rial exp]i5ce1 & !re=e p]haps inaccessible to any rational int]pretation4 ,su* imag9>y l9es ( dem>cation betwe5 e>? & heav5s 7 =ev] swept away by ,newton1 & ! rec5t "w ( spectrum analysis simply completes ! demon/ration t ! remote/ bodies :i* ! photographic telescope c disclose are truly "p & p>cel ( ! dynamic _w 9 :i* we live4 ,all ?is enl>gem5t ( ! m5tal horizon1 f ,newton to ,kir*h(f1 _h ref]5ce to space4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury has witness$ an equally notable enl>gem5t ) ref]5ce to "t4 ,! beg9n+s ( sci5tific geology 7 mu* lat] ?an ^? ( a/ronomy4 ,! ph5om5a 7 less /rik+ & f> m complicat$2 x took long]1 !re=e1 to br+ m5's m9ds to be> ^u !m4 ,antagonism on ! "p ( !ologians 0 also sl[] 9 dy+ out4 ,! compla9t aga9/ ,newton1 t he sub/itut$ ,bl9d ,gravitation = an ,intellig5t ,deity1 0 no?+ comp>$ to ! abuse t 0 aft]w>ds lavi%$ ^u geologi/s = di/urb+ ! accept$ ,biblical *ronology4 ,at ! "t :5 ,prie/ley discov]$ oxyg51 educat$ m5 7 /ill to be f\nd :o c\ld ma9ta9 ) a sob] face t fossils _h be5 creat$ already dead & petrifi$1 j = ! fun ( ! ?+4 ,! writ+s ( ,buffon 7 prep>+ m5's m9ds = ! belief t ! e>?'s cru/ has witness$ _m & important *anges1 b !re c\ld be no sci5tific geology until fur!r progress 0 made 9 physics & *emi/ry4 ,x 0 only 9 #agfc t ,joseph ,black discov]$ lat5t heat1 & ?us gave u a clue to :at happ5s :5 wat] freezes & melts1 or :5 x is turn$ into /eam4 ,x 0 9 #aghf t ! publication ( ,james ,hutton's ,!ory ( ! ,e>? u%]$ 9 ! great battle betwe5 ,neptunians & ,plutoni/s :i* prep>$ ! way = sci5tific geology4 ,:5 ! new sci5ce won its fir/ great triumph ) ,lyell 9 #ahcj1 ! philosophic purport ( ! ev5t 0 ! same t 0 be+ proclaim$ by ! progress ( a/ronomy4 ,newton prov$ t ! =ces :i* keep ! planets 9 _! orbits are n /range or sup]natural =ces1 b j su* z we see 9 op]ation ^u ?is e>? e mom5t ( our lives4 ,geologi/s be=e ,lyell _h be5 l$ to ! conclusion t ! g5]al aspect ( ! e>?'s surface ) :i* we are famili> is by no means its primitive or its p]man5t aspect1 b t !re has be5 a succession ( ages1 9 :i* ! relations ( l& & wat]1 ( m\nta9 & pla91 h v>i$ to a v consid]able ext5t2 9 :i* soils & climates h und]gone mo/ complicat$ vicissitudes2 & 9 :i* ! e>?'s vegetable products & its animal populations h aga9 & aga9 assum$ new =ms1 :ile ! old =ms h pass$ away4 ,9 ord] to acc\nt = su* :olesale *anges1 geologi/s 7 at fir/ dispos$ to imag9e viol5t cata/rophes br\ght ab\t by /range ag5cies1--ag5cies :i* 7 p]haps n exactly sup]natural1 b 7 9 "s vague1 unspecifi$ way diff]5t f ^? :i* are n[ at "w 9 ! visible & famili> ord] ( nature4 ,b ,lyell prov$ t ! v same k9d ( physical processes :i* are n[ go+ on ab\t u w\ld suffice1 dur+ a long p]iod ( "t1 to produce ! *anges 9 ! inorganic _w :i* di/+ui% "o geological p]iod f ano!r4 ,"h1 9 ,lyell's geological inve/igations1 !re 0 = ! fir/ "t due att5tion paid to ! imm5se importance ( ! prolong$ & cumulative action ( slight & unobtrusive causes4 ,! cont9ual dropp+ t we>s away /ones might h s]v$ z a text = ! :ole s]ies ( beautiful rese>*es ( :i* he fir/ summ$ up ! results 9 #ahcj4 ,z a/ronomy 0 /eadily advanc+ t[>d ! pro( t 9 ! abysses ( space ! physical =ces at "w are ! same z our t]re/rial =ces1 s geology1 9 c>ry+ u back to enorm\sly remote p]iods ( "t1 began to tea* t ! =ces at "w h all along be5 ! same =ces t are op]ative n[4 ,( c\rse1 9 t e>ly /age :5 ! e>?'s cru/ 0 9 process ( =mation1 :5 ! temp]ature 0 excessively high1 !re 7 ph5om5a "h su* z c no long] be witness$1 b = :i* we mu/ look to big planets l ,jupit]2 9 t int5sely hot atmosph]e viol5t di/urbances occur1 & *emical elem5ts are dissociat$ :i* we are accu/om$ to f9d 9 close comb9ation "h4 ,b ev] s9ce our e>? cool$ to a po9t at :i* its solid cru/ acquir$ /ability1 s9ce ! e>lie/ mollusks & v]tebrates began to swim 9 ! seas & worms to crawl 9 ! damp gr\nd1 if at almo/ any "t we c\ld h come "h on a visit1 we %\ld d\btless h f\nd ?+s go+ on at measur$ pace v mu* z at pres5t1--"h & !re e>?quake & avalan*e1 fire & flood1 b g5]ally ra9 fall+1 sun%9e quick5+1 h]bage spr\t+1 creatures ( "s sort br[s+1 all z quiet & peaceful z a daisi$ field 9 ,june1 )\t ! slighte/ visible presage ( ! cont9u\s s]ies ( m9ute secul> *anges t 7 gradually to trans=m a ,c>bonif]\s _w into :at 0 by & by to be a ,jurassic _w1 & t aga9 into :at 0 aft] a :ile to be an ,eoc5e _w1 & s on1 until ! aspect ( ! _w t we "k to-day %\ld noiselessly /eal ^u u4 ,:5 once ! tru? ( ,lyell's conclusions began to be di/9ctly realiz$1 _! influ5ce ^u m5's habits ( ?\ght & ^u ! drift ( philosophic speculation 0 pr(\nd4 ,! conception ( ,evolution 0 irresi/ibly =c$ ^u m5's att5tion4 ,x 0 prov$ beyond "q t ! _w 0 n creat$ 9 ! =m 9 :i* we f9d x to-day1 b has gone ?r\gh _m phases1 ( :i* ! lat] are v diff]5t f ! e>li]2 & x 0 %[n t1 s f> z ! inorganic _w is conc]n$1 ! *anges c be mu* m satisfactorily expla9$ by a ref]5ce to ! ceaseless1 all-p]vad+ activity ( g5tle1 unobtrusive causes su* z we "k ?an by an appeal to imag9>y cata/rophes su* z we h no means ( v]ify+4 ,x began to appe>1 also1 t ! facts :i* =m ! subject-matt] ( diff]5t dep>tm5ts ( sci5ce are n deta*$ & indep5d5t gr\ps ( facts1 b t all are intimately relat$ "o ) ano!r1 & t all may be br\ght "u contribution 9 illu/rat+ ! hi/ory ( cosmic ev5ts4 ,x 0 a s5se ( ?is int]dep5d5ce ( diff]5t dep>tm5ts t l$ ,augu/e ,comte to write 8 ,philosophie ,positive1 ! fir/ volume ( :i* appe>$ 9 #ahcj1 9 :i* he s\ght to po9t out ! me?ods :i* ea* sci5ce has at comm& = discov]+ tru?1 & ! mann] 9 :i* ea* might be made to contribute t[>d a s\nd body ( philosophic doctr9e4 ,! attempt _h a *>m & a /imulus = _m m9ds1 b fail$ by be+ enli/$ 9 ! s]vice ( sundry sociological vag>ies ^u :i* ! au?or's m9d 0 completely wreck$4 ,positivism1 f be+ ! "n ( a pot5t sci5tific me?od1 became ! "n ( "o m among ! myriad ways ( hav+ a *ur* & regulat+ ! details ( life4 ,:ile ! pond]\s me*anical intellect ( ,comte 0 /riv+ to elicit ! tru? f !mes beyond its grasp1 "o ( ! _w's supreme poets _h already disc]n$ "s ( ! deep] aspects ( sci5ce pres5tly to be set =?4 ,by temp]am5t & by tra9+1 ,goe! 0 "o ( ! fir/ among evolutioni/s4 ,! belief 9 an evolution ( high] f l[] organisms c\ld n fail to be /rongly sugge/$ to a m9d l 8 z soon z ! classification ( plants & animals _h begun to be conduct$ ^u sci5tific pr9ciples4 ,x is n = no?+ t a table ( classes1 ord]s1 families1 g5]a1 & species1 :5 graphically laid out1 resembles a family tree4 ,x 0 n long aft] ,l9nu t believ]s 9 "s sort ( a developm5t !ory1 (t5 fanta/ic en\gh1 began to be met )4 ,! facts ( morphology gave fur!r sugge/ions 9 ! same direction4 ,su* facts 7 fir/ g5]aliz$ on a gr& scale by ,goe! 9 8 beautiful little essay on ,! ,metamorphoses ( ,plants1 writt5 9 #agij1 & 8 ,introduction to ,morphology1 writt5 9 #agie1 b n publi%$ until #ahjg4 ,9 ^! pr(\nd treatises1 :i* 7 too f> 9 advance ( _! age to ex]t mu* influ5ce at fir/1 ,goe! laid ! philosophic f\ndations ( comp>ative anatomy 9 bo? vegetal & animal worlds4 ,! conceptions ( metamorphosis & ( homology1 :i* 7 ?us br\ght =w>d1 t5d$ p[]fully t[>d a recognition ( ! process ( evolution4 ,x 0 %[n t :at "u "s circum/ances gr[s into a /em ) a :orl ( leaves1 "u o!r circum/ances gr[s into a fl[]2 x 0 %[n t 9 ! g5]al s*eme ( ! v]tebrate skeleton a pectoral f91 a =e leg1 & a w+ occupy ! same positions3 ?us 0 /rongly sugge/$ ! idea t :at "u "s circum/ances develop$ into a f9 might "u o!r circum/ances develop into a leg or a w+4 ,! revelations ( palontology1 %[+ v>i\s ext9ct adult =ms1 ) correspond+ organs 9 v>i\s degrees ( developm5t1 w5t f> to /r5g!n ?is sugge/ion1 until an unansw]able argum5t 0 rea*$ ) ! /udy ( rudim5t>y organs1 :i* h no mean+ except z remnants ( a vani%$ pa/ dur+ :i* ! organism has be5 *ang+4 ,! /udy ( comp>ative embryology po9t$ 9 ! same direction2 = x 0 soon obs]v$ t ! embryos & l>v ( ! high] =ms ( ea* gr\p ( animals pass1 9 ! c\rse ( _! developm5t1 ?r\gh a s]ies ( /ages 9 :i* !y m or less completely resemble ! l[] =ms ( ! gr\p4#d ,be=e ! full significance ( su* facts ( embryology & morphology c\ld be felt1 x 0 necess>y t ! "w ( classification %\ld be c>ri$ f> beyond ! po9t at :i* x _h be5 left by ,l9nu4 ,9 mapp+ out ! relation%ips 9 ! animal k+dom1 ! great ,sw$i% naturali/ _h reli$ less ?an 8 pr$ecessors ^u ext]nal or sup]ficial *>act]i/ics2 ! "t 0 arriv+ :5 classification %\ld be bas$ ^u a ?or\gh /udy ( int]nal /ructure1 & ?is 0 done by a noble company ( ,fr5* anatomi/s1 among :om ,cuvi] 0 *ief4 ,x 0 ab\t #ahag t ,cuvi]'s gigantic "w rea*$ its climax 9 br++ palontology into alliance ) sy/ematic zology1 & effect+ t gr& classification ( animals 9 space & "t :i* at once ca/ into ! %ade all t _h gone be=e x4 ,dur+ ! pa/ fifty ye>s !re h be5 great *anges made 9 ,cuvi]'s classification1 especially 9 ! case ( ! l[] =ms ( animal life4 ,8 class ( ,radiata has be5 brok5 up1 o!r divisions 9 8 inv]tebrate _w h be5 modifi$ beyond recognition1 8 v]tebrate s*eme has be5 ov]haul$ 9 _m qu>t]s1 8 attempt to erect a di/9ct ord] = ,man has be5 ov]?r[n4 ,among ! great anatomi/s conc]n$ 9 ?is "w ! greate/ "n is t ( ,huxley4 ,! classification mo/ g5]ally adopt$ to-day is ,huxley's1 b x is r a modification ( ,cuvi]'s ?an a new developm5t4 ,s endur+ has be5 ! "w ( ! great ,fr5*man4 ,) ,cuvi] ! analysis ( ! animal organism made "s progress 9 su* wise t anatomi/s began to conc5trate _! att5tion ^u ! /udy ( ! developm5t & *>act]i/ic functions ( organs4 ,philosophically1 ?is 0 a long /ep 9 advance1 b a /ill long] "o 0 tak5 at ab\t ! same "t by t a/oni%+ y\? ^: c>e] has no p>allel 9 ! hi/ory ( sci5ce4 ,:5 ,xavi] ,bi*at di$ 9 #ahjb1 9 8 ?irty-fir/ ye>1 he left beh9d him a treatise on comp>ative anatomy 9 :i* ! subject 0 work$ up f ! /udy ( ! tissues & _! prop]ties4 ,! pa? ?us brok5 by ,bi*at l$ to ! cell doctr9e ( ,s*leid5 & ,s*wann1 matur$ ab\t #ahdj1 :i* rema9s1 ) "s modifications1 ! basis ( mod]n biology4 ,! advance along ^! l9es contribut$ signally to ! advancem5t ( embryology1 :i* rea*$ a />tl+ height 9 #ahbi ) ! publication ( ,ba]'s memorable treatise1 9 :i* ! developm5t ( an ovum is %[n to consi/ 9 a *ange f homog5eity to het]og5eity ?r\gh successive diff]5tiations4 ,b :ile ,ba] ?us arriv$ at ! v ?re%old ( ! law ( evolution1 he 0 n 9 ! true s5se an evolutioni/2 he _h no?+ to say to phylog5etic evolution1 or ! d]ivation ( ! high] =ms ( life f l[] =ms ?r\gh physical desc5t ) modifications4 ,j s ) ,cuvi]4 ,:5 he effect$ 8 gr& classification1 he prep>$ ! way mo/ ?or\ghly = a g5]al !ory ( evolution1 b he always resi/$ any su* inf]5ce f 8 "w4 ,he 0 build+ bett] ?an he knew4 ,! hesitancy ( su* m5 z ,cuvi] & ,ba] 0 no d\bt due p>tly to ! app>5t abs5ce ( any true cause = physical modifications 9 species1 p>tly to ! complet5ess ) :i* _! own great "w absorb$ _! m9ds4 ,(t5 9 ! hi/ory ( sci5ce we witness ! spectacle ( a brilliant discov]] travell+ 9 triumph along "s new pa?1 b /opp+ j %ort ( ! goal :i* subsequ5t exploration has reveal$4 ,!re x /&s loom+ up be=e 8 face1 b he is bl9d to its pres5ce ?r\gh ! excess ( light :i* he has already tak5 94 ,! intellectual ef=t already put =? has left no surplus = any fur!r sweep ( compreh5sion1 s t fur!r advance requires a fre%] m9d & a new />t ) faculties unjad$ & unw>p$4 ,to discov] a great tru? usually requires a succession ( ?9k]s4 ,among ! em95t anatomi/s :o 9 ! e>li] "p ( our c5tury 7 occupi$ ) ! classification ( animals1 !re 7 "s :o f\nd !mselves compell$ to believe 9 phylog5etic evolution1 al?\gh !y c\ld frame no satisfactory !ory to acc\nt = x4 ,! weight ( evid5ce 0 already 9 fav\r ( su* evolution1 & ^! m5 c\ld n fail to see x4 ,=emo/ among !m 0 ,jean ,bapti/e ,lam>ck1 ^: "w 0 ( supreme importance4 ,8 views 7 /at$ 9 #ahji 9 8 ,philosophic ,zologique1 & fur!r illu/rat$ 9 #ahae1 9 8 volum9\s treatise on inv]tebrate animals4 ,lam>ck entirely reject$ ! notion ( special creations1 & he po9t$ out "s ( ! important factors 9 evolution1 especially ! law t organs & faculties t5d to increase ) ex]cise1 & to dim9i% ) disuse4 ,8 weake/ po9t 0 ! disposition to imag9e "s inh]5t & ubiquit\s t5d5cy t[>d evolution1 :]eas a clos] /udy ( nature has taught u t evolution occurs only :]e !re is a concurr5ce ( fav\rable conditions4 ,among o!rs :o ma9ta9$ "s !ory ( evolution 7 ! two ,ge(froy ,sa9t-,hilaires1 fa!r & son1 & ! two great botani/s1 ,naud9 9 ,france & ,hook] 9 ,engl&4 ,9 #aheb ! case ( evolution z aga9/ special creations 0 argu$ by ,h]b]t ,sp5c] ) conv9c+ =ce1 & 9 #ahee appe>$ ,! ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 by ! same au?or1 a book :i* is f beg9n+ to end an elaborate illu/ration ( ! process ( evolution1 & is divid$ f ev]y?+ t came be=e x by a gulf z wide z t :i* divides ! ,cop]nican a/ronomy f ! ,ptolemaic4 ,! foll[]s ( ,cuvi] reg>d$ ! me?ods & results ( ^! evolutioni/s ) /rong disapproval4 ,9 ! excess ( su* a feel+1 !y ev5 w5t s f> z to condemn all philosophic ?9k+ on subjects )9 ! scope ( natural hi/ory z vision>y & unsci5tific4 ,:y seek = any especial significance 9 ! fact t e spid] & e lob/] is made up ( j tw5ty segm5ts8 ,is x n en\gh to "k ! fact8 ,*ildr5 mu/ n ask too _m que/ions4 ,x is ! bus9ess ( sci5ce to ga!r facts1 n to seek = hidd5 implications4 ,su* 0 ! m5tal attitude into :i* m5 ( sci5ce 7 q commonly driv51 betwe5 #ahcj & #ahfj1 by _! desire to bl9k ! "q ( evolution4 ,a feel+ grew up t ! true glory ( a sci5tific c>e] 0 to detect = ! two hundr$? "t an a/]oid1 or to /ick a p9 ?r\gh a beetle ) a label atta*$ be>+ y\r own lat9iz$ "n1 ,br[ni1 or ,jonesii1 or ,rob9soni5se4 ,?is feel+ 0 especially /rong 9 ,france1 & 0 n conf9$ to physical sci5ce4 ,x 0 exhibit$ a few ye>s lat] 9 ! election ( "s ,sw$i% or ,norwegian naturali/ 7^: "n ,i =get7 to ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,sci5ce in/ead ( ,*>les ,d>w93 ! =m] _h describ$ "s new k9d ( fly1 ! latt] 0 only a !oriz]6 ,! /udy ( orig9s 9 p>ticul> 0 to be fr[n$ ^u4 ,9 #ahfc ! ,l+ui/ic ,society ( ,p>is pass$ a by-law t no communications be>+ ^u ! orig9 ( language w\ld be receiv$4 ,9 ! same mood1 ,sir ,h5ry ,ma9e's treatise on ,anci5t ,law 0 condemn$ at a lead+ ,am]ican univ]sity3 x 0 en\gh = u to "k our own laws2 ^? ( ,india might int]e/ ,briti% /ud5ts :o might h occasion to g !re1 b n ,am]icans4 ,su* crude notions1 utt]ly ho/ile to ! _s ( sci5ce1 7 unduly fav\r$ fifty ye>s ago by ! p]si/5t unwill+ness to submit ! ph5om5a ( organic nature to ! k9d ( sci5tific explanation :i* facts f all qu>t]s 7 urg+ ^u u4 ,dur+ ! p]iod f #ahcj to #ahfj1 ! factor 9 evolution :i* _h hi!rto escap$ detection 0 gradually laid hold ( & elaborately /udi$ by ,*>les ,d>w94 ,9 ! nature ( 8 speculations1 & ! occasion t call$ !m =?1 he 0 a true disciple ( ,lyell4 ,! "w ( t great geologi/ l$ directly up to ,d>w9ism4 ,z long z x 0 suppos$ t ea* geologic p]iod 0 sep>at$ f ! p]iods be=e & aft] x by ,titanic convulsions :i* revolutioniz$ ! face ( ! globe1 x 0 possible = m5 to acquiesce 9 ! supposition t ^! convulsions wr\ght an abrupt & a :olesale de/ruction ( organic life1 & t ! lo/ =ms 7 replac$ by an equally abrupt & :olesale sup]natural creation ( new =ms at ! beg9n+ ( ea* new p]iod4 ,b1 z p ceas$ to believe 9 ! convulsions1 su* an explanation began to seem improbable1 & x 0 completely discr$it$ by ! fact t _m k9ds ( plants & animals h p]si/$ ) little or no *ange dur+ sev]al successive p]iods1 side by side ) o!r k9ds 9 :i* !re h be5 ext5sive v>iation & ext9ction4 ,9 connection ) ?is a fact ( great significance 0 elicit$4 ,betwe5 ! fauna & flora ( successive p]iods 9 ! same geographical region !re is apt to be a manife/ family lik5ess1 indicat+ t ! lat] are connect$ ) ! e>li] ?r\gh ! bonds ( physical desc5t4 ,x 0 a case ( ?is sort t attract$ ,d>w9's att5tion 9 #ahce4 ,! plants & animals ( ! ,galapagos ,isl&s are ei!r desc5d$1 ) specific modifications1 f ^? ( ! ma9l& ( ,ecuador1 or else !re mu/ h be5 an enorm\s numb] ( special creations4 ,! case is "o :i* at a glance pres5ts ! notion ( special creations 9 an absurd light4 ,b :at c\ld h caus$ ! modification8 ,:at 0 want$ 01 to be able to po9t to "s ag5cy1 simil> to ag5cies n[ 9 op]ation1 & !re=e intelligible1 :i* c\ld be prov$ to be capable ( mak+ specific *anges 9 plants & animals4 ,d>w9's solution ( ! problem 0 s beautiful1 x seems n[ s natural & inevitable1 t we may be 9 dang] ( =gett+ h[ complicat$ & ab/ruse ! problem really 04 ,/>t+ f ! kn[n exp]i5ces ( bre$]s ( dome/ic animals & cultivat$ plants1 & duly consid]+ ! rem>kable & sometimes a/oni%+ *anges t are wr\ght by simple selection1 ! problem 0 to detect among ! multif>i\s ph5om5a ( organic nature any ag5cy capable ( accompli%+ :at man ?us accompli%es by selection4 ,9 detect+ ! ag5cy ( natural selection1 work+ p]petually ?r\gh ! pres]vation ( fav\r$ individuals & races 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce1 ,d>w9 f\nd ! true cause = :i* m5 7 wait+4 ,) inf9ite pati5ce & caution1 he appli$ 8 me?od ( explanation to "o gr\p ( organic ph5om5a aft] ano!r1 meet+ 9 e qu>t] ) fre% & (t5 unexpect$ v]ification4 ,aft] m ?an tw5ty ye>s1 a s+ul> circum/ance l$ him to publi% an acc\nt ( 8 rese>*es4 ,! same gr\p ( facts _h set a y\ng] naturali/ to "w ^u ! same problem1 & a simil> process ( ?\ght _h l$ to ! same solution4 ,)\t kn[+ :at ,d>w9 _h done1 ,alfr$ ,russel ,wallace made ! same discov]y1 & s5t f ! ,ea/ ,indies1 9 #aheh1 8 /atem5t ( x to ,d>w9 z to ! man ^: judgm5t ^u x he %\ld mo/ highly prize4 ,?is made publication necess>y = ,d>w94 ,! va/ treasures ( !ory & example :i* he _h accumulat$ 7 giv5 to ! _w1 ! notion ( special creations 0 explod$1 & ! facts ( phylog5etic evolution won g5]al acceptance4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ?is great a*ievem5t1 m5 9 e dep>tm5t ( sci5ce began to "w 9 a m philosophical _s4 ,naturali/s1 ab&on+ ! mood ( ! /amp collectors1 saw 9 e nook & corn] "s fre% illu/ration ( ,d>w9's views4 ,"o s]i\s ob/acle to any g5]al /atem5t ( ! doctr9e ( evolution 0 remov$4 ,x 0 9 #ahfa t ,h]b]t ,sp5c] began to publi% su* a g5]al sy/ematic /atem5t4 ,8 po9t ( dep>ture 0 ! po9t rea*$ by ,ba] 9 #ahbi1 ! *ange f homog5eity to het]og5eity4 ,! !ory ( evolution _h already receiv$ 9 ,sp5c]'s h&s a f> m complete & philosophical treatm5t ?an ev] be=e1 :5 ! discov]y ( natural selection came to supply ! "o feature :i* x lack$4 ,sp5c]'s ?\ght is (t5 m pr(\nd ?an ,d>w9's1 b he w\ld be ! fir/ to admit ! indisp5sabl5ess ( natural selection to ! successful work+-out ( 8 own !ory4 ,! "w ( ,sp5c] is beyond prec$5t = compreh5siv5ess & dep?4 ,he began by %[+ t z a g5]alization ( embryology ,ba]'s law ne$s important em5dations1 & he w5t on to prove t1 z ?us rectifi$1 ! law ( ! developm5t ( an ovum is ! law :i* cov]s ! evolution ( our planet>y sy/em1 & ( life ^u ! e>?'s surface 9 all its myriad manife/ations4 ,9 ,sp5c]'s h&s1 ! "t-hon\r$ ,nebul> ,!ory prop\nd$ by ,immanuel ,kant 9 #agee1 ! e>lie/ ( all sci5tific !ories ( evolution1 took on fre% life & mean+2 & at ! same "t ! !ories ( ,lam>ck & ,d>w9 z to organic evolution 7 work$ up along ) 8 own pr(\nd g5]alization ( ! evolution ( m9d into "o coh]5t & maje/ic :ole4 ,mank9d h reason to be grateful t ! promise ( t d>+ prospectus :i* s *>m$ & dazzl$ u 9 #ahfj is at la/ fulfill$2 t aft] six-&-?irty ye>s1 despite all ob/acles & disc\ragem5ts1 ! ,ma/]'s "w is virtually done4 ,su* a syn!sis c\ld n h be5 a*iev$1 nor ev5 attempt$1 )\t ! extraord9>y expansion ( molecul> physics t m>k$ ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,:5 ,prie/ley discov]$ oxyg51 ! undulatory !ory ( light1 ! basis ( all mod]n physics1 _h n be5 e/abli%$4 ,x _h inde$ be5 prop\nd$ z long ago z #afgh by ! illu/ri\s ,*ri/ian ,huygh5s1 :om we %\ld also rememb] z ! discov]] ( ,saturn's r+s & ! inv5tor ( ! p5dulum clock4 ,b ,huygh5s 0 9 advance ( 8 age1 & ! ov]%ad[+ au?ority ( ,newton1 :o ma9ta9$ a rival hypo!sis1 prev5t$ due att5tion be+ paid to ! undulatory !ory until ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury1 :5 x 0 aga9 tak5 up & demon/rat$ by ,fresnel & ,?omas ,"y4 ,ab\t ! same "t1 our fell[ c\ntryman1 ,c\nt ,rum=d1 0 tak+ ! lead 9 t s]ies ( rese>*es :i* culm9at$ 9 ! discov]y ( ! me*anical equival5t ( heat by ,dr4 ,j\le 9 #ahdc4 ,"o ( ,prie/ley's e>lie/ books1 ! "o :i* made him a doctor ( laws & a fell[ ( ! ,royal ,society1 0 a treatise on electricity1 publi%$ 9 #agfg4 ,x 0 a long /ep f t book to ! "o 9 :i* ! ,dani% physici/ ,o]/$1 9 #ahbj1 demon/rat$ ! intimate correlation betwe5 electricity & magnetism1 ?us prep>+ ! way = ,f>aday's great discov]y ( magneto-electric induction 9 #ahca4 ,by ! middle ( our c5tury ! "w 9 ^! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( physics _h l$ to ! detection ( ! deepe/ tru? 9 sci5ce1--! law ( correlation & cons]vation1 :i* we owe *iefly to ,helmholtz1 ,may]1 & ,grove4 ,x 0 prov$ t light & heat1 & ! manife/ations ( =ce :i* we gr\p toge!r "u ! "n ( electricity1 are v>i\s modes ( undulatory motion trans=mable "o into ano!r2 & t1 9 ! op]ations ( nature1 en]gy is nev] annihilat$1 b only *ang$ f "o =m into ano!r4 ,?is g5]alization includes ! inde/ructibility ( matt]1 & ?us lies at ! bottom ( all *emi/ry & physics & ( all sci5ce4 ,return+ to t *emi/ry ) :i* we />t$1 we may recall two laws t 7 prop\nd$ e>ly 9 ! c5tury1 "o ( :i* 0 in/antly adopt$1 :ile ! o!r _h to wait = its day4 ,dalton's law ( def9ite & multiple proportions has be5 ev] s9ce #ahjh ! corn] /one ( *emical sci5ce1 & ! atomic !ory by :i* he s\ght to expla9 ! law has ex]cis$ a pr(\nd influ5ce ^u all mod]n speculation4 ,! o!r law1 ann\nc$ by ,avogadro 9 #ahaa1 t1 "u ! same conditions ( pressure & temp]ature1 equal volumes ( all gase\s sub/ances1 :e!r elem5t>y or comp\nd1 conta9 ! same numb] ( molecules1 0 neglect$ = ne>ly fifty ye>s1 & !n1 :5 x 0 tak5 up & appli$1 x remodell$ ! :ole sci5ce ( *emi/ry1 & ?rew a flood ( light ^u ! int]nal con/itution ( matt]4 ,9 ?is direction a new _w ( speculation is op5+ up be=e u1 full ( wondr\s *>m4 ,! amaz+ progress made s9ce ,prie/ley's day may be summ$ up 9 a s+le contra/4 ,9 #agha ,cav5di% asc]ta9$ ! b>e fact t wat] is made up ( oxyg5 & hydrog52 )9 n9ety ye>s f t "t ,sir ,william ,?omson 0 able to tell u t if ! drop ( wat] 7 magnifi$ to ! size ( ! e>?1 ! con/itu5t atoms w\ld be l>g] ?an peas1 b n s l>ge z billi>d balls4 ,su* a /atem5t is confess$ly provisional1 b1 all[+ = ?is1 ! contra/ is no less /rik+4 ,conc]n+ ! v>i\s & complicat$ applications ( physical sci5ce to ! arts1 by :i* human life has be5 s pr(\ndly affect$ 9 ! pres5t c5tury1 a m]e catalogue ( !m w\ld tax our att5tion to little purpose4 ,z my object 9 ! pres5t sket* is simply to trace ! broad outl9es ( advance 9 pure sci5ce1 ,i pass ov] ^! applications1 m]ely obs]v+ t ! p]petual int]action betwe5 !ory & practice is su* t ea* new inv5tion is liable to modify ! sci5ce 9 :i* x orig9at$1 ei!r by enc\nt]+ fre% que/ions or by sugge/+ new me?ods1 or 9 bo? ^! ways4 ,! "w ( m5 l ,pa/eur & ,ko* _c fail to influ5ce biological !ory z mu* z m$ical practice4 ,! practical uses ( electricity are introduc+ new features into ! :ole subject ( molecul> physics1 & 9 ?is region1 ,i suspect1 we are to look = "s ( ! mo/ /rik+ disclosures ( ! imm$iate future4 ,a ^w mu/ be said ( ! hi/orical sci5ces1 :i* h witness$ z great *anges z any o!rs1 ma9ly ?r\gh ! introduction ( ! comp>ative me?od ( inquiry4 ,! fir/ two great triumphs ( ! comp>ative me?od 7 a*iev$ contemporane\sly 9 two fields ( inquiry v remote f "o ano!r3 ! "o 0 ! "w ( ,cuvi]1 above m5tion$2 ! o!r 0 ! f\nd+ ( ! comp>ative philology ( ! ,aryan languages by ,franz ,bopp1 9 #ahaf4 ,! "w ( ,bopp ex]t$ z p[]ful an influ5ce ?r\gh\t all ! hi/orical fields ( /udy z ,cuvi] ex]t$ 9 biology4 ,! "y m5 ^: m9ds 7 receiv+ _! =mative impulses betwe5 #ahbe & #ahdj1 "u ! v>i\s influ5ces ( ,cuvi] & ,sa9t-,hilaire1 ,lyell1 ,goe!1 ,bopp1 & o!r su* great lead]s1 began !mselves to come to ! =egr\nd z lead]s ( ?\ght ab\t #ahfj3 on ! "o h&1 su* m5 z ,d>w91 ,gray1 ,huxley1 & ,wallace2 on ! o!r h&1 su* z ,kuhn & ,s*lei*]1 ,ma9e1 ,maur]1 ,momms51 ,freeman1 & ,tylor4 ,! po9t ( ! comp>ative me?od1 9 :atev] field x may be appli$1 is t x br+s be=e u a great numb] ( objects s ne>ly alike t we are b\nd to assume = !m an orig9 & g5]al hi/ory 9 common1 :ile at ! same "t !y pres5t su* diff]5ces 9 detail z to sugge/ t "s h advanc$ fur!r ?an o!rs 9 ! direction 9 :i* all are travell+2 "s1 aga91 h be5 abruptly arre/$1 o!rs p]haps ev5 turn$ aside f ! pa?4 ,9 ! attempt to classify su* ph5om5a1 :e!r 9 ! hi/orical or 9 ! physical sci5ces1 ! conception ( developm5t is pres5t$ to ! /ud5t ) irresi/ible =ce4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,aryan languages1 no "o w\ld ?9k ( d\bt+ _! desc5t f a common orig9al3 j side by side is ! p>allel case ( "o sub-gr\p ( ! ,aryan languages1 namely1 ! sev5 ,romance languages :i* we "k to h be5 develop$ out ( ,lat9 s9ce ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,9 ^! cases we c /udy ! process ( *ange result+ 9 =ms t are m or less div]g5t f _! orig9als4 ,9 "o qu>t] a =m is reta9$ ) little modification2 9 ano!r x is completely blurr$1 z ! ,lat9 metipsissimus becomes m$esimo 9 ,italian1 b mismo 9 ,spani%1 :ile 9 mod]n ,fr5* !re is no?+ left ( x b mme4 ,s 9 ,sanskrit & 9 ,li?uanian we f9d a mo/ +5i\s & elaborate sy/em ( conjugation & decl5sion1 :i* 9 su* languages z ,greek & ,lat9 is m or less curtail$ & alt]$1 & :i* 9 ,engli% is almo/ completely lo/4 ,yet 9 ,old ,engli% !re are q en\gh ve/iges ( ! sy/em to enable u to id5tify x ) ! ,li?uanian & ,sanskrit4 ,s ! /ud5t :o applies ! comp>ative me?od to ! /udy ( human cu/oms & in/itutions is cont9ually f9d+ usages1 beliefs1 or laws exi/+ 9 "o "p ( ! _w t h long s9ce ceas$ to exi/ 9 ano!r "p2 yet :]e !y h ceas$ to exi/ !y h (t5 left unmi/akable traces ( _! =m] exi/5ce4 ,9 ,au/ralasia we f9d types ( savag]y ignorant ( ! b[ & arr[2 9 aborig9al ,nor? ,am]ica1 a type ( b>b>ism famili> ) ! art ( pott]y1 b ignorant ( dome/ic animals or ( ! use ( metals2 among ! e>lie/ ,romans1 a high] type ( b>b>ism1 famili> ) iron & cattle1 b ignorant ( ! alphabet4 ,along ) su* gradations 9 mat]ial culture we f9d associat$ gradations 9 ideas1 9 social /ructure1 & 9 deep-seat$ cu/oms4 ,?us1 "s k9d ( feti%ism is apt to prevail 9 ! l[] /ages ( b>b>ism1 & "s =m ( poly!ism 9 ! high] /ages4 ,! units ( composition 9 savage & b>b>\s societies are always ! clan1 ! phratry1 & ! tribe4 ,9 ! l[] /ages ( b>b>ism we see su* conf$]acies z ^? ( ! ,iroquois2 9 ! highe/ /age1 at ! dawn ( civilization1 we beg9 to f9d nations imp]fectly =m$ by conque/ )\t incorporation1 l aborig9al ,p]u or anci5t ,assyria4 ,9 ! l[] /ages we see captives tortur$ to dea?1 !n at a lat] /age sacrific$ to ! tutel> deities1 !n lat] on enslav$ & compell$ to till ! soil4 ,?r\gh ! e>li] /ages ( culture1 z 9 ,au/ralasia & aborig9al ,am]ica1 we f9d ! m>riage tie s loose & pat]nity s unc]ta9 t k9%ip is reckon$ only ?r\gh ! "m2 b 9 ! highe/ /age ( b>b>ism1 z among ! e>lie/ ,greeks1 ,romans1 & ,jews1 ! m def9ite patri>*al family is develop$1 & k9%ip beg9s to be reckon$ ?r\gh ! fa!r4 ,x is only aft] t /age is rea*$ t inh]itance ( prop]ty becomes fully develop$1 ) ! sub/itution ( individual own]%ip = clan own]%ip1 & s on to ! developm5t ( te/am5t>y succession1 individual responsibility = delict & crime1 & ! sub/itution ( contract = /atus4 ,9 all su* in/ances--& c\ntless o!rs might be cit$--we see ! m>ks ( an intelligible progression1 a l9e ( developm5t :i* human ideas & in/itutions h foll[$4 ,b 9 ! mo/ advanc$ societies we f9d num]\s traces ( su* /ates ( ?+s z n[ exi/ only among savage or b>b>\s societies4 ,our own ance/ors 7 once poly!i/s1 ) pl5ty ( traces ( feti%ism4 ,!y 7 organiz$ 9 clans1 phratries1 & tribes4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 !y us$ none b /one tools & weapons2 :5 !re 0 no private prop]ty 9 l&1 & no political /ructure high] ?an ! tribe4 ,among ! =efa!rs ( ! pres5t civiliz$ inhabitants ( ,europe are unmi/akable traces ( human sacrifices1 & ( ! reckon+ ( k9%ip ?r\gh ! "m only4 ,:5 we h come to survey l>ge gr\ps ( facts ( ?is sort1 ! conclusion is irresi/ibly driv5 home to u t ! m advanc$ societies h gone ?r\gh v>i\s /ages n[ repres5t$ "h & !re by less advanc$ societies2 t !re is a g5]al pa? ( social developm5t1 along :i*1 ow+ to special circum/ances1 "s peoples h advanc$ a great way1 "s a less way1 "s b a v little way2 & t by /udy+ exi/+ savages & b>b>ians we get a valuable clue to ! int]pretation ( prehi/oric times4 ,all ^! ?+s are to-day commonplaces among /ud5ts ( hi/ory & ar*ology2 sixty ye>s ago !y w\ld h be5 sc\t$ z idle vag>ies4 ,x is ! introduction ( su* me?ods ( /udy t is mak+ hi/ory sci5tific4 ,x is enabl+ u to dige/ ! huge masses ( facts t are daily p\r$ 9 ^u u by deciph]]s ( ! pa/1--monum5ts1 inscriptions1 pott]y1 weapons1 e?nological reports1 & all t sort ( ?+1--& to make all contribute t[>d a coh]5t !ory ( ! c>e] ( mank9d ^u ! e>?4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! =ego+ survey "o fact /&s out ) especial prom95ce3 x appe>s t ab\t half a c5tury ago ! =emo/ m9ds ( ! _w1 ) :atev] gr\p ( ph5om5a !y 7 occupi$1 _h fall51 & 7 m & m fall+1 into a habit ( reg>d+ ?+s1 n z hav+ orig9at$ 9 ! %ape 9 :i* we n[ f9d !m1 b z hav+ be5 sl[ly metamorphos$ f "s o!r %ape ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( =ces simil> 9 nature to =ces n[ at "w4 ,:e!r planets1 or m\nta9s1 or mollusks1 or subjunctive moods1 or tribal conf$]acies 7 ! ?+s /udi$1 ! s*ol>s :o /udi$ !m mo/ deeply & mo/ fruitfully 7 ^? :o /udi$ !m z phases 9 a process ( developm5t4 ,! "w ( su* s*ol>s has =m$ ! /rong curr5t ( ?\ght 9 our "t1 :ile ! "w ( ^? :o did n cat* ^! new me?ods has be5 dropp$ by ! way & =gott52 & z we look back to ,newton's "t we c see t ev] s9ce !n ! drift ( sci5tific ?\ght has be5 sett+ 9 ?is direction1 & ) increas+ /ead9ess & =ce4 ,n[1 :at does all ?is drift ( sci5tific op9ion dur+ m ?an two c5turies mean8 ,x c1 ( c\rse1 h b "o mean+4 ,x means t ! _w is 9 a process ( developm5t1 & t gradually1 z advanc+ k has enabl$ u to take a suffici5tly wide view ( ! _w1 we h come to see t x is s4 ,! old /atical conception ( a _w creat$ all at once 9 its pres5t %ape 0 ! result ( v n>r[ exp]i5ce2 x 0 ent]ta9$ :5 we knew only an extremely small segm5t ( ! _w4 ,n[ t our exp]i5ce has wid5$1 x is outgr[n & set aside =ev]2 x is replac$ by ! dynamical conception ( a _w 9 a p]petual process ( evolution f "o /ate into ano!r /ate4 ,?is dynamical conception has come to /ay ) u4 ,our !ories z to :at ! process ( evolution is may be m or less wrong & are confess$ly t5tative1 z sci5tific !ories %\ld be4 ,b ! dynamical conception1 :i* is n ! "w ( any "o man1 be he ,d>w9 or ,sp5c] or any "o else1 b ! result ( ! cumulative exp]i5ce ( ! la/ two c5turies1--?is is a p]man5t acquisition4 ,we c no m rev]t to ! /atical conception ?an we c turn back ! sun 9 8 c\rse4 ,:atev] else ! philosophy ( future g5]ations may be1 x mu/ be "s k9d ( a philosophy ( evolution4 ,su* is ! sci5tific conque/ a*iev$ by ! n9ete5? c5tury1 a m>vell\s /ory )\t any p>allel 9 ! hi/ory ( human a*ievem5t4 ,! swiftness ( ! advance has be5 due p>tly to ! removal ( ! anci5t legal & social trammels t beset free ?9k+ 9 e conceivable direction4 ,x is l>gely due also to ! use ( correct me?ods ( rese>*4 ,! wa/e ( intellectual ef=t has be5 less ?an 9 =m] ages4 ,! sub/itution ( ,lavoisi]'s balance = ,/ahl's a priori reason+ is "o among c\ntless in/ances ( ?is4 ,s\nd sci5tific me?od is a sl[ acquisition ( ! human m9d1 & = its m rapid introduction1 9 ,prie/ley's "t & s9ce1 we h l>gely to ?ank ! example set by ^? giants ( a =m] age1 ,galileo & ,kepl]1 ,desc>tes & ,newton4 ,! lessons t might be d]iv$ f our /ory are _m4 ,b "o t we may especially emphasize is ! dignity ( ,man ^: p]si/5t seek+ = tru? is rew>d$ by su* fruits4 ,we may be sure t ! creature ^: intellig5ce measures ! pulsations ( molecules & unravels ! secret ( ! :irl+ nebula is no creature ( a day1 b ! *ild ( ! univ]se1 ! heir ( all ! ages1 9 ^: mak+ & p]fect+ is to be f\nd ! consummation ( ,god's creative "w4 ,may1 #ahif4 ,,ii ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,evolution3 ,,its ,,scope ,,& ,,purport#e ,x 0 n /range t among ! y\ng] m5 ^: op9ions 7 m\ld$ betwe5 #ahcj & #ahdj !re %\ld h be5 "o ( organiz+ g5ius1 ) a m9d inexhau/ibly f]tile 9 sugge/ions1 :o %\ld und]take to elaborate a g5]al doctr9e ( evolution1 to embrace 9 "o gr& coh]5t sy/em ( g5]alizations all ! m9or g5]alizations :i* work]s 9 diff]5t dep>tm5ts ( sci5ce 7 e/abli%+4 ,x is ?is prodigi\s "w ( con/ruction t we owe to ,h]b]t ,sp5c]4 ,he is ! orig9ator & au?or ( :at we "k to-day z ! doctr9e ( evolution1 ! doctr9e :i* und]takes to =mulate & put into sci5tific %ape ! conception ( evolution t[>d :i* sci5tific inve/igation _h s long be5 t5d+4 ,9 ! m9d ( ! g5]al public !re seems to be dire confusion ) reg>d to ,mr4 ,sp5c] & 8 relations to evolution & to ,d>w9ism4 ,sometimes1 ,i believe1 he is ev5 suppos$ to be *iefly a foll[] & exp\nd] ( ,mr4 ,d>w96 ,no d\bt ?is is because s _m p mix up ,d>w9ism ) ! doctr9e ( evolution1 & h b ! vague/ & hazie/ notions z to :at x is all ab\t4 ,z ,i expla9$ above1 ,mr4 ,d>w9's great "w 0 ! discov]y ( natural selection1 & ! demon/ration ( its ag5cy 9 effect+ specific *anges 9 plants & animals2 & 9 t "w he 0 completely orig9al4 ,b plants & animals are only a "p ( ! univ]se1 ?\gh an important "p1 & ) reg>d to univ]sal evolution or any univ]sal =mula = evolution ,d>w9ism _h no?+ to say4 ,su* problems 7 beyond its scope4 ,! discov]y ( a univ]sal =mula = evolution1 & ! application ( ?is =mula to _m div]se gr\ps ( ph5om5a1 h be5 ! great "w ( ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 & 9 ?is he has _h no pr$ecessor4 ,8 weal? ( orig9ality is imm5se1 & x is unque/ionable4 ,b z ! mo/ orig9al ?9k] mu/ take 8 />t f ! g5]al /ock ( ideas accumulat$ at 8 epo*1 & m (t5 ?an n beg9s by foll[+ a clue giv5 him by somebody else1 s x 0 ) ,mr4 ,sp5c] :51 ab\t =ty ye>s ago1 he 0 work+ out 8 doctr9e ( evolution4 ,! clue 0 n giv5 by ,mr4 ,d>w94 ,d>w9ism 0 n yet born4 ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s !ory 0 work$ out 9 all its p>ts1 & _m p>ts ( x _h be5 exp\nd$ 9 v>i\s publi%$ volumes & essays be=e ! publication ( ! ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,! clue :i* ,mr4 ,sp5c] foll[$ 0 giv5 him by ! great embryologi/1 ,k>l ,ern/ von ,ba]1 & an adumbration ( x may p]haps be trac$ back ?r\gh ,kasp> ,fri$ri* ,wolf to ,l9nu4 ,h9ts ( x may be f\nd1 too1 9 ,goe! & 9 ,s*ell+4 ,! advance f simplicity to complexity 9 ! developm5t ( an egg is too obvi\s to be ov]look$ by any "o1 & 0 rem>k$ ^u1 ,i believe1 by ,h>vey2 b ! analysis ( :at t advance consi/s 9 0 a wond]fully sugge/ive piece ( "w4 ,ba]'s great book 0 publi%$ 9 #ahbi1 j at ! "t :5 s _m /imulat+ ideas 7 be+ enunciat$1 & its significant title 0 ,entwickelungsges*i*te1 or ,hi/ory ( ,evolution4 ,x 0 well kn[n t1 s f> z ! s5ses c tell u1 "o ovum is indi/+ui%able f ano!r1 :e!r x be t ( a man1 a fi%1 or a p>rot4 ,! ovum is a /ructureless bit ( organic matt]1 &1 9 acquir+ /ructure along ) its gr[? 9 volume & mass1 x proce$s ?r\gh a s]ies ( diff]5tiations1 & ! result is a *ange f homog5eity to het]og5eity4 ,su* 0 ,ba]'s conclusion1 to :i* scanty ju/ice is done by su* a brief /atem5t4 ,z all "k1 8 "w m>k$ an epo* 9 ! /udy ( embryology2 = to m>k ! successive diff]5tiations 9 ! embryos ( a ?\s& animals 0 to write a ?\s& life hi/ories ^u correct pr9ciples4 ,"h x 0 t ,mr4 ,sp5c] />t$4 ,z a "y man1 he 0 *iefly int]e/$ 9 ! /udy ( political gov]nm5t & 9 hi/ory s f> z x helps ! /udy ( politics4 ,a philosophical /ud5t ( su* subjects mu/ naturally seek = a !ory ( evolution4 ,if ,i may cite my own exp]i5ce1 x 0 l>gely ! absorb+ & ov]ma/]+ passion = ! /udy ( hi/ory t fir/ l$ me to /udy evolution 9 ord] to obta9 a correct me?od4 ,:5 "o has frequ5t occasion to ref] to ! political & social progress ( ! human race1 "o likes to "k :at "o is talk+ ab\t4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] ne$$ a !ory ( progress4 ,he c\ld see t ! civiliz$ "p ( mank9d has und]gone "s *ange f a be/ial1 unsocial1 p]petually fight+ /age ( savag]y into a p>tially peaceful & comp>atively humane & social /age1 & t we may reasonably hope t ! *ange 9 ?is direction w g on4 ,he c\ld see1 too1 t along ) ?is *ange !re has be5 a build+-up ( tribes into nations1 a division ( lab\r1 a diff]5tiation ( gov]nm5tal functions1 a s]ies ( *anges 9 ! relations ( ! individual to ! community4 ,to see s mu* z ?is is to :et "o's crav+ = enl>g$ res\rces :]e) to /udy human progress4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] _h a wide1 accurate1 & (t5 pr(\nd acqua9tance ) botany1 zology1 & alli$ /udies4 ,! "q naturally occurr$ to him1 ,:]e d we f9d ! process ( developm5t mo/ completely exemplifi$ f beg9n+ to end1 s t we c foll[ & exhau/ively describe its consecutive phases8 ,obvi\sly 9 ! developm5t ( ! ovum4 ,!re1 & only !re1 d we get ! :ole process "u our eyes f ! fir/ segm5tation ( ! yolk to ! dea? ( ! matur$ individual4 ,9 o!r gr\ps ( ph5om5a we c only see a small "p ( :at is go+ on2 !y are too va/ = u1 z 9 a/ronomy1 or too complicat$1 z 9 sociology4 ,else:]e our evid5ces ( developm5t are m or less piecemeal & scatt]$1 b 9 embryology we d get1 at any rate1 a connect$ /ory4 ,s ,mr4 ,sp5c] took up ,ba]'s problem1 & c>ri$ ! solution ( x mu* fur!r ?an ! great ,e/honian naturali/4 ,he %[$ t 9 ! developm5t ( ! ovum ! *ange f homog5eity to het]og5eity is accompani$ by a *ange f indef9it5ess to def9it5ess2 !re are segregations ( simil>ly diff]5tiat$ units result+ 9 ! =mation ( def9ite organs4 ,he fur!r %[$ t !re is a p>allel & equally important *ange f incoh]5ce to coh]5ce2 along ) ! division ( lab\r among ! units !re is an organization ( lab\r3 at fir/1 among ! homog5e\s units !re is no subord9ation1--to subtract "o w\ld n alt] ! g5]al aspect2 b at la/1 among ! het]og5e\s organs !re is su* subord9ation & int]dep5d5ce t to subtract any "o is liable to undo ! :ole process & de/roy ! organism4 ,9 o!r words1 integration is z mu* a feature ( developm5t z diff]5tiation2 ! *ange is n simply f a /ructureless :ole into p>ts1 b x is f a /ructureless :ole into an organiz$ :ole ) a cons5sus ( diff]5t functions1 & t is :at we call an organism4 ,s :ile ,ba] said t ! evolution ( ! *ick is a *ange f homog5eity to het]og5eity ?r\gh successive diff]5tiations1 ,mr4 ,sp5c] said t ! evolution ( ! *ick is a cont9u\s *ange f indef9ite incoh]5t homog5eity to def9ite coh]5t het]og5eity ?r\gh successive diff]5tiations & integrations4 ,b ,mr4 ,sp5c] _h n[ done some?+ m ?an describe exhau/ively ! evolution ( an individual organism4 ,he _h got a /&>d ( high & l[ degrees ( organization2 & ! next ?+ 9 ord] 0 to apply ?is /&>d to ! :ole hi]>*y ( animals & plants accord+ to _! classifi$ relation%ips & _! succession 9 geological "t4 ,?is 0 done ) mo/ brilliant success4 ,f ! e>lie/ records 9 ! rocks1 ! g5]al advance 9 types ( organization has be5 an advance 9 def9it5ess1 coh]5ce1 & het]og5eity4 ,! me?od ( evolution 9 ! life hi/ory ( ! animal & vegetal k+doms has be5 l ! me?od ( evolution 9 ! life hi/ory ( ! individual4 ,to g into ! inorganic _w ) su* a =mula might seem ra%4 ,b z ! gr[? ( organization is ess5tially a p>ticul> k9d ( r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion1 & z r$i/ribution ( matt] & motion is go+ on univ]sally 9 ! inorganic _w1 x is int]e/+ to inquire :e!r1 9 su* simple approa*es t[>d organization z we f9d1 !re is any approa* t[>d ! *>act]i/ics ( organic evolution z above describ$4 ,x 0 easy = ,mr4 ,sp5c] to %[ t ! *ange f a nebula into a planet>y sy/em con=ms to ! def9ition ( evolution 9 a way t is mo/ /rik+ & sugge/ive4 ,b 9 /udy+ ! inorganic _w ,mr4 ,sp5c] 0 l$ to modify 8 =mula 9 a way t va/ly increas$ its scope4 ,he came to see t ! prim>y feature ( evolution is an integration ( matt] & concomitant dissipation ( motion4 ,accord+ to circum/ances1 ?is process may or n be att5d$ ) ext5sive int]nal re>rangem5ts & developm5t ( organization4 ,! cont9u\s int]nal re>rangem5t impli$ 9 ! developm5t ( organization is possible only :]e !re is a m$ium degree ( mobility among ! p>ticles1 a pla/icity su* z is secur$ only by ^? peculi> *emical comb9ations :i* make up :at we call organic matt]4 ,9 ! inorganic _w1 :]e !re is an approa* to organization !re is an adumbration ( ! law z realiz$ 9 ! organic _w4 ,b 9 ! =m]1 :at /rikes u mo/ is ! conc5tration ( ! mass ) ! ret5tion ( b little int]nal mobility2 9 ! latt]1 :at /rikes u mo/ is ! wond]ful complication ( ! trans=mations wr\ght by ! imm5se am\nt ( int]nal mobility reta9$4 ,^! trans=mations are to u ! m>k1 ! di/+ui%+ feature1 ( life4 ,hav+ ?us got ! nature ( ! diff]5ces betwe5 ! organic & inorganic worlds into a s]ies ( sugge/ive =mulas1 ! next ?+ to be done 0 to inquire into ! applicability ( ! law ( evolution to ! high] manife/ations ( vital activity1--9 o!r words1 to psy*ical & social life4 ,"h x 0 easy to po9t out analogies betwe5 ! developm5t ( society & ! developm5t ( an organism4 ,betwe5 a savage /ate ( society & a civiliz$ /ate1 x is easy to see ! contra/s 9 complexity ( life1 9 division ( lab\r1 9 int]dep5d5ce & coh]5ce ( op]ations & ( int]e/s4 ,! diff]5ce resembles t betwe5 a v]tebrate animal & a worm4 ,su* analogies are in/ructive1 because at ! bottom ( ! ph5om5a !re is a c]ta9 am\nt ( real id5tity4 ,b ,mr4 ,sp5c] did n /op ) analogies2 he pursu$ 8 problem into mu* deep] regions4 ,!re is "o manife/ di/9ction betwe5 a society & an organism4 ,9 ! organism1 ! consci\s life1 ! psy*ical life1 is n 9 ! p>ts1 b 9 ! :ole2 b 9 a society1 !re is no su* ?+ z corporate consci\sness3 ! psy*ical life is all 9 ! individual m5 & wom54 ,! highe/ developm5t ( ?is psy*ical life is ! end = :i* ! _w exi/s4 ,! object ( social life is ! highe/ spiritual welf>e ( ! individual memb]s ( society4 ,! individual human s\l ?us comes to be z mu* ! c5tre ( ! ,sp5c]ian _w z x 0 ! c5tre ( ! _w ( m$ival !ology2 & ! hi/ory ( ! evolution ( consci\s intellig5ce becomes a !me ( surpass+ int]e/4 ,?is is ! "p ( 8 subject :i* ,mr4 ,sp5c] has h&l$ 9 ! mo/ ma/]ly mann]4 ,no?+ 9 ! lit]ature ( psy*ology is m rem>kable ?an ! long-su/a9$ analysis 9 :i* he />ts ) complicat$ acts ( quantitative reason+ & resolves !m into _! elem5t>y processes1 & !n goes on to simpl] acts ( judgm5t & p]ception1 & !n d[n to s5sation1 & s on resolv+ & resolv+1 until he gets d[n to ! simple homog5e\s psy*ical %ocks or pulses 9 ! manifold comp\nd+ & recomp\nd+ ( :i* all m5tal action consi/s4 ,!n1 />t+ afre% f t conception ( life z ! cont9u\s adju/m5t ( inn] relations )9 ! organism to out] relations 9 ! environm5t1--a conception ( :i* he made su* brilliant use 9 8 ,pr9ciples ( ,biology1--he %[s h[ ! psy*ical life gradually becomes specializ$ 9 c]ta9 classes ( adju/m5ts or correspond5ces1 & h[ ! developm5t ( psy*ical life consi/s 9 a progressive diff]5tiation & integration ( su* correspond5ces4 ,intellectual life is %[n to h aris5 by sl[ gradations1 & ! special int]pretations ( reflex action1 in/9ct1 memory1 reason1 emotion1 & w are su* z to make ! ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology indubitably ! mo/ sugge/ive book ^u m5tal ph5om5a t 0 ev] writt54 ,t[>d ! end ( ! fir/ edition ( ! ,orig9 ( ,species1 publi%$ 9 #ahei1 ,mr4 ,d>w9 look$ =w>d to a di/ant future :5 ! conception ( gradual developm5t might be appli$ to ! ph5om5a ( intellig5ce4 ,b ! fir/ edition ( ! ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 9 :i* ?is 0 s successfully done1 _h already be5 publi%$ f\r ye>s be=e1--9 #ahee1--s t ,mr4 ,d>w9 9 lat] editions 0 oblig$ to modify 8 /atem5t1 & confess t1 in/ead ( look+ s f> =w>d1 he _h bett] h look$ ab\t him4 ,i rememb] he>+ ,mr4 ,d>w9 laugh m]rily ov] ?is at 8 own exp5se4 ,?is ext5sion ( ! doctr9e ( evolution to psy*ical ph5om5a 0 :at made x a univ]sal doctr9e1 an acc\nt ( ! way 9 :i* ! _w1 z we "k x1 has be5 evolv$4 ,!re is no subject1 great or small1 t has n come to be affect$ by ! doctr9e1 &1 :e!r m5 realize x or n1 !re is no nook or corn] 9 speculative sci5ce :]e !y c get away f ! sweep ( ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s ?\ght4 ,?is ext5sion ( ! doctr9e to psy*ical ph5om5a is by _m p misund]/ood4 ,! ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology is a m>vel ( /raight=w>d & lucid /atem5t2 b1 f its imm5se rea* & f ! ab/rus5ess ( ! subject1 x is n easy read+4 ,x requires a su/a9$ att5tion su* z few p c comm&1 except on subjects ) :i* !y are already famili>4 ,h5ce few p read x 9 comp>ison ) ! numb] :o h someh[ got x into _! heads t ,mr4 ,sp5c] tries to expla9 m9d z evolv$ out ( matt]1 & is !re=e a mat]iali/4 ,h[ _m wor?y critics h be5 he>d to object to ! doctr9e ( evolution t y _c d$uce m9d f ! primeval nebula1 unless ! g]ms ( m9d 7 pres5t already6 ,b t is j :at ,mr4 ,sp5c] says himself4 ,i h he>d him say x m ?an once1 & 8 books conta9 _m passages ( equival5t import4#f ,he nev] misses an opportunity = attack+ ! doctr9e t m9d c be expla9$ z evolv$ f matt]4 ,b1 9 spite ( ?is1 a great _m p suppose t ! gradual evolution ( m9d mu/ mean its evolution out ( matt]1 & are deaf to argum5ts ( :i* !y d n p]ceive ! be>+4 ,h5ce ,mr4 ,sp5c] is s commonly accr$it$ ) ! doctr9e :i* he s e>ne/ly repudiates4 ,b !re is ano!r reason :y p are apt to suppose ! doctr9e ( evolution to be mat]iali/ic 9 its implications4 ,!re are able writ]s :o h done good s]vice 9 illu/rat+ portions ( ! g5]al doctr9e1 & are at ! same "t av[$ mat]iali/s4 ,"o may be a mat]iali/1 :atev] 8 sci5tific !ory ( ?+s2 & to su* a p]son ! mat]ialism naturally seems to be a logical consequ5ce f ! sci5tific !ory4 ,we h receiv$ ?is ev5+ a communication f ,pr(essor ,ern/ ,haeckel1 ( ,j5a1 9 :i* he lays d[n five !ses reg>d+ ! doctr9e ( evolution3-- #a4 ,! g5]al doctr9e appe>s to be already unassailably f\nd$2 #b4 ,!reby e sup]natural creation is completely exclud$2 #c4 ,trans=mism & ! !ory ( desc5t are insep>able con/itu5t p>ts ( ! doctr9e ( evolution2 #d4 ,! necess>y consequ5ce ( ?is la/ conclusion is ! desc5t ( man f a s]ies ( v]tebrates4 ,s f>1 v good2 we are )9 ! limits ( sci5tific compet5ce1 :]e ,pr(essor ,haeckel is /rong4 ,b n[1 9 8 fif? !sis1 he ent]s ! region ( metaphysics1--! transc5d5tal region1 :i* sci5ce has no compet5t me?ods ( explor+1--& commits himself to a dogmatic ass]tion3 #e4 ,! beliefs 9 an 'immortal s\l' & 9 'a p]sonal ,god' are !re) 7i4 e41 ) ! f\r prec$+ /atem5ts7 completely ununitable 7vllig unv]e9b>74 ,n[1 if ,pr(essor ,haeckel _h cont5t$ himself ) ass]t+ t ^! two beliefs are n susceptible ( sci5tific demon/ration2 if he _h simply said t !y are beliefs conc]n+ :i* a sci5tific man1 9 8 sci5tific capacity1 ought to refra9 f mak+ ass]tions1 because ,sci5ce kn[s no?+ :atev] ab\t ! subject1 he w\ld h occupi$ an impregnable position4 ,8 fif? !sis w\ld h be5 z indisputable z 8 fir/ f\r4 ,b ,pr(essor ,haeckel does n /op "h4 ,he decl>es virtually t if an evolutioni/ is f\nd ent]ta9+ ! beliefs 9 a p]sonal ,god & an immortal s\l1 nev]!less ^! beliefs are n philosophically reconcilable ) 8 sci5tific !ory ( ?+s1 b are m]e remnants ( an old-fa%ion$ sup]/ition f :i* he has n succe$$ 9 free+ himself4 ,"h "o mu/ pause to inquire :at ,pr(essor ,haeckel means by a p]sonal ,god4 ,if he ref]s to ! ,lat9 conception ( a ,god remote f ! _w ( ph5om5a1 & manife/$ only ?r\gh occasional int]f]5ce1--! conception t has until lately prevail$ 9 ! ,we/]n _w s9ce ! "t ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1--!n we may agree ) him2 ! practical effect ( ! doctr9e ( evolution is to aboli% su* a conception4 ,b ) reg>d to ! ,greek conception ent]ta9$ by ,/4 ,a?anasius2 ! conception ( ,god z imman5t 9 ! _w ( ph5om5a & manife/$ 9 e ?rob ( its mighty rhy?mical life2 ! deity t ,ri*>d ,hook]1 pr9ce ( ,engli% *ur*m51 _h 9 m9d :5 he wrote ( ,natural ,law t h] seat is ! bosom ( ,god1 & h] voice ! h>mony ( ! _w1--) reg>d to ?is conception ! practical effect ( ! doctr9e ( evolution is n to aboli%1 b to /r5g!n & confirm x4 ,=1 into :atev] prov9ce ( ,nature we c>ry our rese>*es1 ! m deeply we p5etrate into its laws & me?ods ( action1 ! m cle>ly d we see t all prov9ces ( ,nature are p>ts ( an organic :ole animat$ by a s+le pr9ciple ( life t is inf9ite & et]nal4 ,i h no d\bt ,pr(essor ,haeckel w\ld n only admit ?is1 b w\ld sc\t any o!r view z inconsi/5t ) ! monism :i* he pr(esses4 ,b he w\ld say t ?is inf9ite & et]nal pr9ciple ( life is n psy*ical1 & !re=e _c be call$ 9 any s5se a p]sonal ,god4 ,9 an ultimate analysis1 ,i suspect ,pr(essor ,haeckel's ubiquit\s moni/ic pr9ciple w\ld turn out to be nei!r m nor less ?an ,dr4 ,b*n]'s me*anical =ce 7,kraft74 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i h s\ght to %[--9 my little book ,! ,idea ( ,god--t ! ,inf9ite & ,et]nal ,p[] t animates ! univ]se mu/ be psy*ical 9 its nature1 t any attempt to r$uce x to me*anical =ce mu/ end 9 absurdity1 & t ! only k9d ( monism :i* w /& ! te/ ( an ultimate analysis is mono!ism4 ,:ile 9 ! *apt] on ,an?ropomorphic ,!ism1 9 my ,cosmic ,philosophy1 ,i h tak5 great pa9s to po9t out ! difficulties 9 :i* 7z f9ite ?9k]s7 we are involv$ :5 we try to conceive ! ,inf9ite & ,et]nal ,p[] z psy*ical 9 8 nature1 ,i h 9 ! *apt] on ,matt] & ,_s1 9 t same book1 tak5 equal pa9s to %[ t we are logically compell$ ?us to conceive ,him4 ,"o's attitude t[>d su* problems is likely to be det]m9$ by "o's fundam5tal conception ( psy*ical life4 ,to a mat]iali/ ! ultimate p[] is me*anical =ce1 & psy*ical life is no?+ b ! tempor>y & local result ( fleet+ collocations ( mat]ial elem5ts 9 ! %ape ( n]v\s sy/ems4 ,into ! endless circuit ( trans=mations ( molecul> motion1 says ! mat]iali/1 !re ent] c]ta9 phases :i* we call feel+s & ?\ghts2 !y are "p ( ! circuit2 !y arise out ( motions ( mat]ial molecules1 & disappe> by be+ retrans=m$ into su* motions3 h5ce1 ) ! dea? ( ! organism 9 :i* su* motions h be5 tempor>ily ga!r$ into a k9d ( unity1 all psy*ical activity & all p]sonality are ipso facto aboli%$4 ,su* is ! mat]iali/ic doctr9e1 & su*1 ,i presume1 is :at ,pr(essor ,haeckel has 9 m9d :5 he ass]ts t ! belief 9 an immortal s\l is incompatible ) ! doctr9e ( evolution4 ,! !ory commonly call$ t ( ! correlation ( =ces1 & :i* might equally well or bett] be call$ ! !ory ( ! metamorphosis ( motions1 is indisp5sable to ! doctr9e ( evolution4 ,b = ! !ory t light1 heat1 electricity1 & n]ve-action are diff]5t modes ( undulatory motion trans=mable "o into ano!r1 & t simil> modes ( motion are lib]at$ by ! *emical processes go+ on )9 ! animal or vegetal organism1 ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s "w c\ld nev] h be5 done4 ,t !ory ( correlation & trans=mation is n[ g5]ally accept$1 & is (t5 appeal$ to by mat]iali/s4 ,a c5tury ago ,cabanis said t ! bra9 secretes ?\ght z ! liv] secretes bile4 ,if he 7 alive to-day1 he w\ld d\btless smile at ?is old =m ( expression z crude1 & w\ld adopt a m subtle phrase2 he w\ld say t ?\ght is trans=m$ motion4 ,aga9/ ?is int]pretation ,i h ma9ta9$ t ! !ory ( correlation n only fails to support x1 b actually ov]?r[s x4 ,! argum5ts may be f\nd 9 ! *apt] on ,matt] & ,_s1 9 my ,cosmic ,philosophy1 publi%$ 9 #ahgd1 & 9 ! essay entitl$ ,a ,crumb = ! ,mod]n ,symposium1 writt5 9 #ahgg1 & repr9t$ 9 ,d>w9ism & ,o!r ,essays4#g ,_! purport is1 t 9 trac+ ! correlation ( motions into ! organism ?r\gh ! n]v\s sy/em & out aga91 we are b\nd to get an acc\nt ( ea* /ep 9 t]ms ( motion4 ,unless we c %[ t e unit ( motion t disappe>s is trans=m$ into an exact quantitative equival5t1 our !ory ( correlation breaks d[n2 b :5 we h %[n ?is we %all h giv5 a complete acc\nt ( ! :ole affair )\t tak+ any he$ :atev] ( ?\ght1 feel+1 or consci\sness4 ,9 o!r words1 ^! psy*ical activities d n ent] into ! circuit1 b /& outside ( x1 z a segm5t ( a circle may /& outside a portion ( an entire circumf]5ce ) :i* x is conc5tric4 ,motion is nev] trans=m$ into ?\ght1 b only into "s o!r =m ( measurable 79 fact1 or at any rate 9 !ory1 measurable7 motion t takes place 9 n]ve-?reads & ganglia4 ,x is n ! ?\ght1 b ! n]ve-action t accompanies ! ?\ght1 t is really trans=m$ motion4 ,i say t if we are go+ to v]ify ! !ory ( correlation1 x mu/ be done 7actually or !oretically7 by measurem5t2 quantitative equival5ce mu/ be prov$ at e /ep2 & h5ce we mu/ n *ange our unit ( measurem5t2 f fir/ to la/ x mu/ be a unit ( motion3 if we *ange x = a mom5t1 our !ory ( correlation t mom5t collapses4 ,i say1 !re=e1 t ! !ory ( correlation & equival5ce ( =ces l5ds no support :atev] to mat]ialism4 ,on ! contr>y1 its manife/ implication is t psy*ical life _c be a m]e product ( tempor>y collocations ( matt]4 ,! argum5t "h set =? is my own4 ,:5 ,i fir/ us$ x1 ,i _h nev] met ) x any:]e 9 books or conv]sation4 ,:e!r x has s9ce be5 employ$ by o!r writ]s ,i d n "k1 = dur+ ! pa/ fifte5 ye>s ,i h read v few books on su* subjects4 ,at all ev5ts1 x is an argum5t = :i* ,i am ready to be> ! full responsibility4 ,"s d\bt has rec5tly be5 express$ :e!r ,mr4 ,sp5c] w\ld admit ! =ce ( ?is argum5t4 ,x has be5 urg$ by ,mr4 ,s4 ,h4 ,wild]1 9 two able pap]s publi%$ 9 ! ,new ,york ,daily ,tribune1 ,june #ac & ,july #d1 #ahij1 t ! use ( ?is argum5t m>ks a radical div]g5ce on my "p f ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s own position4 ,x is true t 9 sev]al passages ( ,fir/ ,pr9ciples !re are /atem5ts :i* ei!r imply or di/9ctly ass]t t motion c be trans=m$ into feel+ & ?\ght1--e4 g43 ,^? modes ( ! ,unkn[able :i* we call heat1 light1 *emical aff9ity1 etc41 are alike trans=mable into ea* o!r1 & into ^? modes ( ! ,unkn[able :i* we di/+ui% z s5sation1 emotion1 ?\ght2 ^!1 9 _! turns1 be+ directly or indirectly retrans=mable into ! orig9al %apes2#h & aga91 x is said to be a necess>y d$uction f ! law ( correlation t :at exi/s 9 consci\sness "u ! =m ( feel+ is trans=mable into an equival5t ( me*anical motion1 etc4#i ,n[1 if ?is1 z lit]ally int]pret$1 be ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s delib]ate op9ion1 ,i entirely diss5t f x4 ,to speak ( quantitative equival5ce betwe5 a unit ( feel+ & a unit ( motion seems to me to be talk+ nons5se1--to be comb9+ t]ms :i* sev]ally possess a mean+ into a phrase :i* has no mean+4 ,i am !re=e incl9$ to ?9k t ! above s5t5ces1 lit]ally int]pret$1 d n really convey ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s op9ion4 ,!y appe> manife/ly inconsi/5t1 moreov]1 ) o!r passages 9 :i* he has tak5 mu* m pa9s to expla9 8 position4#aj ,9 ! s5t5ce f page #eeh ( ,fir/ ,pr9ciples1 ,mr4 ,sp5c] appe>s to me to mean t ! n]ve-action1 :i* is ! objective concomitant ( :at is subjectively kn[n z feel+1 is trans=mable into an equival5t ( me*anical motion4 ,:5 he wrote t s5t5ce p]haps he _h n %ap$ ! case q s di/9ctly 9 8 own m9d z he _h a few ye>s lat]1 :5 he made ! m elaborate /atem5ts 9 ! second edition ( ! ,psy*ology4 ,?\gh 9 ^! m elaborate /atem5ts he does n ass]t ! doctr9e ,i h "h ma9ta9$1 yet !y seem consi/5t ) x4 ,:5 ,i 0 f9i%+ ! *apt] on ,matt] & ,_s1 9 my room 9 ,london1 "o aft]noon 9 ,febru>y1 #ahgd1 ,mr4 ,sp5c] came 91 & ,i read to him ne>ly ! :ole *apt]1 includ+ my argum5t f correlation above m5tion$4 ,he express$ w>m approval ( ! *apt]1 )\t mak+ any specific qualifications4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! *apt] ,i _h occasion to quote a passage f ! ,psy*ology1#aa 9 :i* ,mr4 ,sp5c] twice inadv]t5tly us$ ! phrase n]v\s %ock :]e he meant psy*ical %ock4 ,z 8 object 0 to keep ! psy*ical ph5om5a & _! c]ebral concomitants di/9ct 9 8 argum5t1 ?is colloquial use ( ! ^w n]v\s 0 liable to puzzle ! read]1 & give qu]ul\s critics a *ance to *>ge ,mr4 ,sp5c] ) ! mat]iali/ic implications :i* x 0 8 express purpose to avoid4 ,accord+ly1 9 my quotation ,i *ang$ ! ^w n]v\s to psy*ical1 us+ brackets & expla9+ my reasons4 ,on %[+ all ?is to ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 he desir$ me to add 9 a footnote t he ?or\ghly approv$ ! em5dation4 ,i m5tion ?is incid5t because our common1 e-day spee* ab\nds 9 expressions t h a mat]iali/ic flav\r2 & sometimes 9 s]i\s writ+ an au?or's %e] int5tness ^u 8 ma9 argum5t may lead him to ov]look "s famili> =m ( expression :i*1 :5 ?r[n into a precise & =mal context1 w /rike ! read] 9 a v diff]5t way f :at ! au?or int5d$4 ,i am incl9$ to expla9 9 ?is way ! passages 9 ,fir/ ,pr9ciples :i* are p]haps *iefly responsible = ! *>ge ( mat]ialism t has s (t5 & s wrongly be5 br\ght up aga9/ ! doctr9e ( evolution4 ,z reg>ds ! !ological implications ( ! doctr9e ( evolution1 ,i h nev] und]tak5 to speak = ,mr4 ,sp5c]2 on su* transc5d5tal subjects x is q en\gh if "o speaks = "o's self4 ,x is told ( ,diog5es t1 on li/5+ "o day to a sophi/ical argum5t aga9/ ! possibility ( motion1 he grimly got up out ( 8 tub & walk$ across ! /reet4 ,:e!r 8 adv]s>ies 7 conv9c$ or n1 we are n told4 ,probably n2 x is b seldom t adv]s>ies are conv9c$4 ,s1 :5 ,pr(essor ,haeckel decl>es t belief 9 a p]sonal ,god & an immortal s\l is incompatible ) acceptance ( ! doctr9e ( evolution1 ,i c only say1 = myself--h[ev] mu* or little ! p]sonal exp]i5ce may be wor?--,i f9d t ! beliefs 9 ! psy*ical nature ( ,god & 9 ! immortality ( ! human s\l seem to h>monize inf9itely bett] ) my g5]al sy/em ( cosmic philosophy ?an ! negation ( ^! beliefs4 ,if ,pr(essor ,haeckel1 or any o!r writ]1 pref]s a mat]iali/ic int]pretation1 v well4 ,i nei!r qu>rel ) him nor seek to conv]t him2 b ,i d n agree ) him4 ,i d n pret5d t my op9ion on ^! matt]s is susceptible ( sci5tific demon/ration4 ,nei!r is 84 ,i say1 !n1 t 8 fif? !sis has no bus9ess 9 a s]ies ( sci5tific g5]alizations ab\t ! doctr9e ( evolution4 ,f> beyond ! limits ( :at sci5tific me?ods1 bas$ ^u our brief t]re/rial exp]i5ce1 c demon/rate1 !re lies on e side a region ) reg>d to :i* ,sci5ce c only sugge/ que/ions4 ,z ,goe! s pr(\ndly says3-- ,will/ du ins ,un5dli*e /reit51 ,geh' nur im ,endli*5 na* all5 ,seit54#ab ,x is ( surpass+ int]e/ t ! p>ticul> g5]alization :i* has be5 ext5d$ into a univ]sal =mula ( evolution %\ld h be5 ! g5]alization ( ! developm5t ( an ovum4 ,9 enl>g+ ! sph]e ( life 9 su* wise z to make ! :ole univ]se seem actuat$ by a s+le pr9ciple ( life1 we are introduc$ to regions ( sublime speculation4 ,! doctr9e ( evolution1 :i* affects our ?\ght ab\t all ?+s1 br+s be=e u ) vividness ! conception ( an ev] pres5t ,god1--n an abs5tee ,god :o once manufactur$ a cosmic ma*9e capable ( runn+ itself1 except = a little jog or poke "h & !re 9 ! %ape ( a special provid5ce4 ,! doctr9e ( evolution de/roys ! conception ( ! _w z a ma*9e4 ,x makes ,god our con/ant refuge & support1 & ,nature 8 true revelation2 & :5 all its religi\s implications %all h be5 set =?1 x w be se5 to be ! mo/ pot5t ally t ,*ri/ianity has ev] _h 9 elevat+ mank9d4 ,m>*1 #ahij4 ,,iii ,,edw>d ,,liv+/on ,,y\mans#ac ,9 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( all ! %9+ pages ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,spani% ,conque/ 9 ,am]ica1 ,sir ,ar?ur ,helps describes ! way 9 :i*1 ?r\gh "s fitness ( ! season1 :e!r 9 great sci5tific discov]ies or 9 ! break+ into light ( "s great moral cause1 ! same processes are go+ on 9 _m m9ds1 & x seems z if !y communicat$ ) ea* o!r invisibly4 ,we may imag9e t all good p[]s aid ! 'new light1' & brave & wise ?\ghts ab\t x float al(t 9 ! atmosph]e ( ?\ght z d[ny se$s are borne ov] ! fruitful face ( ! e>?4#ad ,! ?9k] :o elaborates a new sy/em ( philosophy1 deep] & m compreh5sive ?an any yet kn[n to mank9d1 ?\gh he may "w 9 solitude1 nev]!less does n "w alone4 ,! v fact :i* makes 8 great s*eme ( ?\ght a success1 & n a failure1 is ! fact t x puts into def9ite & coh]5t %ape ! ideas :i* _m p are m or less vaguely & loosely ent]ta9+1 & t x c>ries to a gr& & triumphant conclusion processes ( reason+ 9 :i* _m p]sons h already begun tak+ ! e>li] /eps4 ,?is community 9 m5tal tr5d betwe5 ! immortal discov]] & _m ( ! brighte/ contempor>y m9ds1 f> f dim9i%+ ! orig9ality ( 8 "w1 con/itutes ! feature ( x :i* makes x a p]man5t acquisition = mank9d1 & di/+ui%es x f ! ecc5tric philosophies :i* n[ & !n come up to />tle ! _w = a :ile1 & are pres5tly disc>d$ & =gott54 ,! hi/ory ( mod]n physics--z 9 ! case ( ! correlation ( =ces & ! undulatory !ory ( light--furni%es u ) _m in/ances ( wise ?\ghts float+ l d[ny se$s 9 ! atmosph]e until ! mom5t has come = !m to take root4 ,& s x has be5 ) ! greate/ a*ievem5t ( mod]n ?9k+1--! doctr9e ( evolution4 ,/ud5ts & inve/igators 9 all dep>tm5ts1 alike 9 ! physical & 9 ! hi/orical sci5ces1 7 fairly driv5 by ! nature ( ! ph5om5a be=e !m into "s hypo!sis1 m or less vague1 ( gradual & ord]ly *ange or developm5t4 ,! _w 0 ready & wait+ = ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s mighty "w :5 x came1 & x 0 = t reason t x 0 s quickly triumphant ov] ! old ord] ( ?\ght4 ,! victory has be5 s ?or\gh1 swift1 & decisive t x w take ano!r g5]ation to n>rate ! /ory ( x s z to d x full ju/ice4 ,mean:ile1 p's m9ds are apt to be some:at daz$ ) ! rapidity & :olesale "* ( ! *ange2 & no?+ is m common ?an to see !m adopt+ ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s ideas )\t recogniz+ !m z 8 or kn[+ :5ce !y got !m4 ,z fa/ z ,mr4 ,sp5c] c\ld set =? 8 g5]alizations !y 7 tak5 hold ( "h & !re by special work]s1 ea* 9 8 own dep>tm5t1 & utiliz$ !re94 ,8 g5]al sy/em 0 at once seiz$1 assimilat$1 & set =? ) new illu/rations by s]i\s ?9k]s :o 7 already grop+ 9 ! regions ( ab/ruse ?\ght :i* ! ma/]'s vision pi]c$ s cle>ly4 ,& ?us ! doctr9e ( evolution has come to be insep>ably int]fus$ ) ! :ole mass ( ?9k+ 9 our day & g5]ation4 ,i d n mean to imply t p commonly ent]ta9 v cle> ideas ab\t x1 = cle> ideas are n altoge!r common4 ,i suspect t a good _m p w\ld hesitate if ask$ to /ate exactly :at ,newton's law ( gravitation is4 ,among ! m5 9 ,am]ica ^: m9ds1 betwe5 ?irty & =ty ye>s ago1 7 feel+ _! way t[>d "s su* unifi$ conception ( nature z ,mr4 ,sp5c] 0 ab\t to set =? 9 all its dazzl+ glory1--among ! m5 :o 7 ?us prep>$ to grasp ! doctr9e ( evolution at once & exp\nd x ) fre% illu/rations1--! fir/ 9 ! field 0 ! man to ^: memory we h met "h ?is ev5+ to pay a brief ^w ( tribute4 ,x is b a little :ile s9ce t noble face 0 "h ) u1 & ! tones ( t k9dly voice 7 fraught ) good *e] = u4 ,to mo/ ( y1 ,i presume1 ! man ,edw>d ,liv+/on ,y\mans is /ill a famili> pres5ce4 ,!re mu/ be _m "h ?is ev5+ :o li/5$ to ! tid+s ( 8 dea? ?ree ye>s ago ) a s5se ( p]sonal b]eavem5t4 ,no "o :o knew him is likely ev] to =get him4 ,b = ^? :o rememb] di/9ctly ! man x may n be sup]flu\s to rec\nt ! pr9cipal incid5ts ( 8 life & "w4 ,x is desirable t ! /ory %\ld be set =? concisely1 s z to be rememb]$2 = ! "w 0 l ! man1 unselfi% & unobtrusive1 & 9 ! hurry & complication ( mod]n life su* "w is liable to be lo/ f sight1 s t p pr(it by x )\t kn[+ t x 0 ev] done4 ,s g5u9ely mode/1 s utt]ly de/itute ( self-reg>d+ impulses1 0 our fri5d1 t ,i believe x w\ld be q l him to *ide u = ?us draw+ public att5tion to him1 z he w\ld ?9k1 ) too mu* emphasis4 ,b su* mild repro( x is "r t we %\ld disreg>d2 = ! memory ( a life s beautiful & useful is a preci\s possession ( :i* mank9d ought n to be depriv$4 ,edw>d ,liv+/on ,y\mans 0 born 9 ! t[n ( ,coeymans1 ,albany ,c\nty1 ,n4,y41 on ! #c;d ( ,june1 #ahba4 ,f 8 fa!r & "m1 bo? ( :om surviv$ him1 he inh]it$ /rong traits ( "* z well z an imm5se fund ( vital en]gy1 su* t ! failure ( heal? a few ye>s ago seem$ 7to me1 at lea/7 surpris+4 ,8 fa!r1 ,v9c5t ,y\mans1 0 a man ( indep5d5t "*1 /rong convictions1 & p]fect moral c\rage1 ) a quick & ready tongue1 9 ! use ( :i* e>ne/ness & frankness p]haps sometimes prevail$ ov] prud5ce4 ,! "m1 ,ca!r9e ,sc(ield1 0 notable = balance ( judgm5t1 prud5ce1 & tact4 ,! "m's gr&fa!r 0 ,iri%2 & :ile ,i v mu* d\bt ! s\ndness ( ! g5]alizations we are s prone to make ab\t race *>act]i/ics1 ,i _c b feel t = ! impulsive--"o _h almo/ said explosive--w>m? ( sympa?y1 ! en*ant+ grace & vivacity ( mann]1 9 ,edw>d ,y\mans1 ?is /ra9 ( ,iri% blood may h be5 to "s ext5t acc\ntable4 ,bo? fa!r & "m belong$ to ! old ,puritan /ock ( ,new ,engl&1 & ! fa!r's ance/ry 0 d\btless purely ,engli%4 ,no?+ c\ld be m hon\rably or *>act]i/ically ,engli% ?an ! "n4 ,9 ! old feudal society1 ! yeoman1 l ! frankl91 0 ! small freehold]1 own+ a mode/ e/ate1 yet hold+ x by no s]vile t5ure2 a man ( ! common p1 yet no *url2 a memb] ( ! /ate :o knew 8 rights1 & kn[+ d>$ ma9ta94 ,few inde$ 7 ! nooks & corn]s outside ( m]ry ,engl& :]e su* m5 fl\ri%$ z ! yeom5 & frankl9s :o f\nd$ democratic ,new ,engl&4 ,x has (t5 be5 rem>k$ h[ ! mo/ illu/ri\s ( ,frankl9s exemplifi$ ! typical virtues ( 8 class4 ,!re 0 mu* t 0 simil> 9 ! temp]am5t & disposition ( ,edw>d ,y\mans1--! sagacity & p5etration1 ! broad common s5se1 ! e>ne/ purpose veil$ b n hidd5 by ! bli! hum\r1 ! devotion to ends ( wide practical value1 ! habit ( mak+ 9 ! be/ s5se ! mo/ out ( life4 ,:5 ,edw>d 0 b six mon?s old1 8 p>5ts mov$ to ,gre5field1 ne> ,s>atoga ,spr+s4 ,) a com=table h\se & ?ree acres ( l&1 8 fa!r kept a wagon %op & smi?y4 ,9 ^? days1 :ile x 0 h>d "w to wr+ a subsi/5ce out ( ! soil or to prosp] ^u any ( ! vocations :i* rural life p]mitt$1 !re 0 d\btless m indep5d5ce ( "* & real ?rift9ess ?an 9 our "t1 :5 cities & t>iffs h s sapp$ ! /r5g? ( ! f>m+ c\ntry4 ,9 ! family ( ,v9c5t ,y\mans1 ?\gh rigid economy 0 practis$1 books 7 reckon$ to a c]ta9 ext5t among ! necess>ies ( life1 & ! h\se 0 "o 9 :i* neighb\rs 7 fond ( ga!r+ to discuss que/ions ( politics or !ology1 social re=m or improvem5ts 9 agriculture4 ,on all su* que/ions ,v9c5t ,y\mans 0 apt to h ideas ( 8 own2 he talk$ ) en?usiasm1 & 0 also ready to li/52 & he evid5tly suppli$ an intellectual /imulus to ! :ole community4 ,= a boy ( bright & inquisitive m9d1 li/5+ to su* talk is no mean s\rce ( education4 ,x (t5 goes mu* fur!r ?an ! read+ ( books4 ,f an e>ly age ,edw>d ,y\mans seems to h appropriat$ all su* means ( in/ruction4 ,he _h t insatiable ?ir/ = k :i* is "o ( ,god's be/ gifts to man2 = he :o is born ) ?is appetite mu/ ne$s be griev\sly ill made 9 o!r respects if x does n con/ra9 him to lead a happy & useful life4 ,aft] t5 ye>s at ,gre5field ! family mov$ to a f>m at ,milton1 "s two miles di/ant4 ,until 8 sixte5? ye> ,edw>d help$ 8 fa!r at f>m "w 9 ! summ]1 & att5d$ ! di/rict s*ool 9 w9t]4 ,x 0 8 good =tune at t "t to fall into ! h&s ( a tea*] :o _h a g5ius = tea*+1--a man :o 9 ^? days ( rote-le>n+ did n c>e to h ?+s le>n$ by he>t1 b s\ght to /imulate ! ?9k+ p[]s ( 8 pupils1 & :o 9 t age ( canes & f]ules nev] f\nd x necess>y to use su* means ( discipl9e1 because ! fe> ( displeas+ him 0 ( itself all-suffici5t4 ,exp]i5ce ( ! me?ods ( su* a man 0 en\gh to %>p5 "o's disgu/ = ! excessive me*anism1 ! rigid & /upid mann] ( tea*+1 :i* *>act]ize ! ord9>y s*ool4 ,9 aft] ye>s ,y\mans us$ to say t ,uncle ,good--z ?is admirable p$agogue 0 call$--fir/ taught him :at 8 m9d 0 =4 ,?r\gh int]c\rse & tra9+ ( ?is sort he le>n$ to d\bt1 to te/ ! s\ndness ( op9ions1 to make orig9al inquiries1 & to f9d & foll[ clues4 ,b ev5 ! be/ ( tea*]s c effect b little unless he f9ds a m9d ready ( itself to take ! initiative4 ,x is d\btful if m5 ( em95t ability are ev] made s by s*ool+4 ,! s*ool (f]s opportunities1 b 9 su* m5 ! t5d5cy to ! initiative is s /rong t if opportunities are n (f]$ !y w someh[ contrive to create !m4 ,:5 ,edw>d ,y\mans 0 ab\t ?irte5 ye>s old he p]suad$ 8 fa!r to buy him a copy ( ,com/ock's ,natural ,philosophy4 ,?is book he /udi$ at home by himself1 & repeat$ _m ( ! exp]im5ts ) app>atus ( 8 own contriv+4 ,:5 he made a c5trifugal wat] :eel1 & expla9$ to ! m5 & boys ( ! neighb\rhood ! pr9ciple ( its revolution 9 a direction opposite to t ( ! /ream :i* mov$ x1 we may reg>d x z 8 e>lie/ attempt at giv+ sci5tific lectures4 ,x 0 natural t "o :o _h become int]e/$ 9 physics %\ld wi% to /udy *emi/ry4 ,! tea*] 7:o 0 n ,uncle ,good7 _h nev] s mu* z laid eyes on a textbook ( *emi/ry2 b ,edw>d 0 n to be daunt$ by su* trifles4 ,a copy ( ,com/ock's manual 0 procur$1 ano!r pupil 0 f\nd will+ to jo9 9 ! /udy1 & ?is class ( two proce$$ to le>n :at !y c\ld f read+ ! book1 :ile ! tea*] ask$ !m ! pr9t$ que/ions1--^? que/ions ! m]e exi/5ce ( :i* 9 textbooks is apt to %[ :at a l[ view publi%]s take ( ! av]age intellig5ce ( tea*]s6 ,x 0 n a v hopeful way ( /udy+ su* a subject z *emi/ry2 b d\btless ! "t 0 n wa/$1 & ! f\ndations = a future k ( *emi/ry 7 laid4 ,! exp]i5ce ( f>m "w :i* accompani$ ^! /udies expla9s ! int]e/ :i* 9 lat] ye>s ,mr4 ,y\mans felt 9 agricultural *emi/ry4 ,he came to realize h[ crude & primitive are our me?ods ( mak+ ! e>? yield its produce1 & x 0 8 op9ion t :5 m5 h once le>n$ h[ to conduct agriculture ^u s\nd sci5tific pr9ciples1 f>m+ w become at once ! mo/ :olesome & ! mo/ attractive =m ( human indu/ry4 ,along ) ! elem5t>y /udies 9 sci5ce !re w5t a great deal ( miscellane\s read+1 mo/ly1 x w\ld appe>1 ( good solid books4 ,app>5tly !re 0 at t "t no /udy ( languages1 anci5t or mod]n4 ,at ! age ( sev5te5 ! "y man _h %[n s mu* promise t x 0 decid$ he %\ld /udy law1 & he _h already ent]$ ^u a m ext5sive c\rse ( prep>ation 9 an academy 9 ,s>atoga ,c\nty :5 ! ev5t occurr$ :i* *ang$ ! :ole c\rse ( 8 life4 ,he _h be5 naturally gift$ ) ke5 & accurate vision1 0 a good sports-man & an excell5t %ot ) a rifle2 b at ab\t ! age ( ?irte5 !re _h come an attack ( oph?almia1 :i* left ! eyes weak & s5sitive4 ,p]petual read+ probably increas$ ! difficulty & h9d]$ complete recov]y4 ,at ! age ( sev5te5 viol5t inflammation set 92 ! sight 9 "o eye 0 completely lo/1 :ile 9 ! o!r x grew s dim z to be ( little avail4 ,sometimes he w\ld be j able to f9d 8 way ab\t ! /reets1 at o!r times ! bl9dness 0 almo/ total2 & ?is /ate ( ?+s la/$ = ne>ly ?irte5 ye>s4 ,?is dreadful calamity seem$ to make x impossible to cont9ue any sy/ematic c\rse ( /udy1 & ! outlook = satisfactory "w ( any sort 0 extremely disc\rag+4 ,! fir/ necessity 0 m$ical assi/ance1 & 9 que/ ( ?is ,mr4 ,y\mans came 9 ! autumn ( #ahci to ,new ,york1 :]e = ! mo/ "p he sp5t ! rema9d] ( 8 life4 ,until #ahea he 0 "u ! c>e ( an oculi/4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 if a man ( eag] en]gy & b\ndless intellectual crav+ 7 to be ov]:elm$ ) despond5cy1 we c\ld n call x /range4 ,if he 7 to become dep5d5t ^u fri5ds = ! means ( support1 x w\ld be ungraci\s1 if n unju/1 to blame him4 ,b ,edw>d ,y\mans 0 n made ( ! /uff t acquiesces 9 defeat4 ,he rose sup]ior to calamity2 he won ! means ( livelihood1 & 9 d>kness ent]$ ^u ! pa? to an enviable fame4 ,at fir/ he _h to resign himself to sp5d+ we>y weeks ov] tasks t ) s\nd eyesight c\ld h be5 dispat*$ 9 z _m days4 ,he inv5t$ "s k9d ( writ+ ma*9e1 :i* held 8 pap] firmly1 & enabl$ 8 p5 to foll[ /raight l9es at prop] di/ances ap>t4 ,long practice ( ?is sort gave 8 h&writ+ a peculi> "* :i* x reta9$ 9 lat] ye>s4 ,:5 ,i fir/ saw x 9 #ahfc x seem$ almo/ undeciph]able2 b t 0 f> f be+ ! case1 & aft] ,i _h gr[n us$ to x ,i f\nd x b little less legible ?an ! mo/ beautiful *irography4 ,! /rokes1 gn>l$ & jagg$ z !y 71 _h a me?od 9 _! madness1 & e pi?y s5t5ce w5t /raight z an arr[ to its m>k4 ,:ile conqu]+ ^! physical ob/acles ,mr4 ,y\mans began writ+ = ! press1 & gradually ent]$ into relations ) lead+ newspap]s :i* became m & m important & useful z ye>s w5t on4 ,he became acqua9t$ ) ,horace ,greeley1 ,william ,h5ry ,*>m+1 & o!r g5tlem5 :o 7 int]e/$ 9 social re=ms4 ,8 sympa?ies 7 /rongly enli/$ ) ! little p>ty ( abolitioni/s1 !n held 9 su* scornful disfav\r by all o!r p>ties4 ,he 0 also int]e/$ 9 ! p>ty ( temp]ance1 :i*1 z he & o!rs 7 aft]w>d to le>n1 comp\nd$ = its ess5tial uprightness ( purpose by indulg+ 9 v gross intemp]ance ( spee* & action4 ,! dis9t]e/$ness :i* always *>act]iz$ him 0 illu/rat$ by 8 writ+ _m articles = a temp]ance pap] :i* c\ld n af=d to pay its contributors1 al?\gh he 0 /ruggl+ ) su* disadvantages 9 e>n+ 8 own livelihood & c>ry+ on 8 sci5tific /udies4 ,^? 7 days :5 lead+ re=m]s believ$ t by "s cunn+ly contriv$ alt]ation ( social arrangem5ts our human nature1 ) all its inh]itance f c\ntless ages ( brutality1 c someh[ be made ov] all 9 a mom5t1 j z "o w\ld g to "w ) masons & c>p5t]s & revamp a h\se4 ,!re are _m good p :o /ill lab\r "u su* a delusion4 ,?\gh ,mr4 ,y\mans 0 br\ght into frequ5t contact ) re=m]s ( ?is sort1 x does n seem to me t 8 m9d 0 ev] deeply impress$ ) su* ways ( ?9k+4 ,sci5ce is tea*+ u t ! me?od ( evolution is t mill ( ,god1 ( :i* we h he>d1 :i*1 :ile x gr9ds ) inf9ite efficacy1 yet gr9ds ) we>isome sl[ness4 ,x 0 ,mr4 ,d>w9's discov]y ( natural selection :i* fir/ br\ght ?is tru? home to u2 b ,sir ,*>les ,lyell _h 9 #ahcj %[n h[ enorm\s effects are wr\ght by ! cumulative action ( slight & unobtrusive causes1 & ?is _h mu* to d ) turn+ m5's m9ds t[>d "s conception ( evolution4 ,x 0 ab\t #ahdg t ,mr4 ,y\mans 0 deeply int]e/$ 9 ! "w ( geologi/s1 z well z 9 ! ,nebul> ,!ory1 to :i* rec5t discov]ies 7 add+ fre% confirmation4 ,"s "t be=e ?is he _h read t fam\s book ,ve/iges ( ,creation1 & al?\gh ,pr(essor ,agassiz truly decl>$ t x 0 an unsci5tific book1 cramm$ ) antiquat$ & explod$ fancies1 ,i suspect t ,mr4 ,y\mans felt t amid all ! *aff !re 0 a v s\nd & /urdy k]nel ( tru?4 ,among ! books :i* ,mr4 ,y\mans project$ at ?is "t1 ! fir/ 0 a comp5di\s hi/ory ( progress 9 discov]y & inv5tion2 b1 aft] he _h made ext5sive prep>ations1 a book 0 publi%$ s simil> 9 scope & treatm5t t he ab&on$ ! und]tak+4 ,ano!r "w 0 a treatise on ari?metic1 on a new & philosophical plan2 b1 :5 ?is 0 approa*+ completion1 he aga9 f\nd himself anticipat$1 ?is "t by ! book ( ,horace ,mann4 ,?is 0 disc\rag+ en\gh1 b a ?ird v5ture result$ 9 a brilliant success4 ,we h obs]v$ ! eag]ness ) :i*1 z a s*oolboy1 ,mr4 ,y\mans ent]$ ^u ! /udy ( *emi/ry4 ,8 int]e/ 9 ?is sci5ce grew ) ye>s1 & he devot$ himself to x s f> z 0 practicable4 ,= a bl9d man to c>ry on ! /udy ( a sci5ce :i* is prem95tly "o ( obs]vation & exp]im5t might seem hopeless4 ,x 0 at any rate absolutely necess>y to see ) ! eyes ( o!rs1 if n ) 8 own4 ,"h ! assi/ance r5d]$ by 8 si/] 0 invaluable4 ,dur+ mo/ ( ?is p]iod %e s]v$ z amanu5sis & read] = him4 ,b1 m ?an ?is1 %e kept up = "s "t a c\rse ( laboratory "w1 ! results ( :i* 7 m9utely describ$ to h] bro!r & discuss$ ) him 9 ! ev5+s4 ,! lectures ( ,dr4 ,john ,william ,drap] on *emi/ry 7 also ?or\ghly discuss$ & pond]$4 ,! conditions "u :i* ,mr4 ,y\mans work$ made x necess>y = him to consid] e po9t ) ! extreme delib]ation involv$ 9 fram+ di/9ct m5tal images ( ?+s & processes :i* he c\ld n wat* ) ! eye4 ,x 0 h>d discipl9e1 b he d\btless pr(it$ f x4 ,nature _h end[$ him ) an unusually cle> head1 b ?is en=c$ me?od mu/ h made x /ill cle>]4 ,"o ( ! mo/ notable qualities ( 8 m9d 0 ! absolute lum9\sness ) :i* he saw ?+s & ! relations among ?+s4 ,x 0 ?is quality t made him s successful z an exp\nd] ( sci5tific tru?s4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 pond]+ ov] *emical facts :i* he 0 oblig$ to take at second h&1 x occurr$ to him t mo/ ( ! pupils 9 common s*ools :o /udi$ *emi/ry 7 practically no bett] (f4 ,x 0 easy en\gh = s*ools to buy textbooks1 b difficult = !m to provide laboratories & app>atus2 & x 0 mu* easi] )al to f9d tea*]s :o c\ld ask que/ions out ( a book ?an ^? :o c\ld use app>atus if provid$4 ,x 0 cu/om>y1 !re=e1 to le>n *emi/ry by rote2 or1 9 o!r words1 pupils' heads 7 cramm$ ) un9telligible /atem5ts ab\t ?+s ) que] names1--su* z manganese or tellurium1--:i* !y _h nev] se51 & w\ld n "k if !y 7 to see !m4 ,x occurr$ to ,mr4 ,y\mans t if visible processes c\ld n be br\ght be=e pupils1 at any rate ! fundam5tal conceptions ( *emi/ry might be made cle> by means ( diagrams4 ,he began devis+ diagrams 9 diff]5t col\rs1 to illu/rate ! div]sity 9 ! atomic weights ( ! pr9cipal elem5ts1 & ! composition ( ! m famili> comp\nds4 ,at l5g?1 by unit+ 8 diagrams1 he obta9$ a compreh5sive *>t exhibit+ ! outl9es ( ! :ole s*eme ( *emical comb9ation accord+ to ! b9>y or duali/ !ory !n 9 vogue4 ,?is *>t1 :5 publi%$1 0 a great success4 ,x n only facilitat$ ! acquirem5t ( cle> ideas1 b x 0 sugge/ive ( new ideas4 ,x prov$ v popul>1 & kept ! field until ! b9>y !ory 0 ov]?r[n by ! mod]n doctr9e ( sub/itution1 :i* does n l5d itself s readily to graphic treatm5t4 ,! success ( ! *emical *>t l$ to ! writ+ ( a textbook ( *emi/ry4 ,?is labori\s "w 0 complet$ 9 #ahea1 :5 ,mr4 ,y\mans 0 ?irty ye>s old4 ,pr(essor ,silliman 0 !n reg>d$ z "o ( our =emo/ au?orities 9 *emi/ry1 b x 0 at once rem>k$ ( ! new book t x %[$ q z ?or\gh a ma/]y ( ! :ole subject ( *emical comb9ation z ,silliman's4 ,x 0 a textbook ( a k9d f> less common !n ?an n[4 ,!re 0 no?+ dry ab\t x4 ,! subject 0 pres5t$ ) beautiful cle>ness1 9 a mo/ attractive /yle4 ,!re 0 a firm grasp ( ! philosophical pr9ciples und]ly+ *emical ph5om5a1 & ! mean+ & functions ( ! sci5ce 7 set =? 9 su* a way z to *>m ! /ud5t & make him wi% = m4 ,! book _h an imm$iate & signal success2 9 aft] ye>s x 0 twice rewritt5 by ! au?or1 to accommodate x to ! rapid advances made by ! sci5ce1 & x is /ill "o ( our be/ textbooks ( *emi/ry4 ,x has _h a sale ( ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty ?\s& copies4 ,! publication ( ?is book at once e/abli%$ its au?or's reputation z a sci5tific writ]1 & 9 ano!r way x m>k$ an era 9 8 life4 ,! long1 di/ress+ p]iod ( d>kness n[ came to an end4 ,sight 0 s f> recov]$ 9 "o eye t x became possible to g ab\t freely1 to read1 to recognize fri5ds1 to travel1 & make mu* ( life4 ,i am told t 8 face _h acquir$ an expression *>act]i/ic ( ! bl9d1 b t expression 0 aft]w>d completely lo/4 ,:5 ,i knew him x w\ld nev] h occurr$ to me t 8 sight 0 imp]fect1 except p]haps z reg>ds l5g? ( range4 ,y\mans' c>e] z a sci5tific lectur] n[ began4 ,8 fir/ lecture 0 ! beg9n+ ( a s]ies on ! relations ( organic life to ! atmosph]e4 ,x 0 illu/rat$ ) *emical app>atus1 & 0 giv5 9 a private room 9 ,new ,york to an audi5ce :i* fill$ ! room4 ,probably no lectur] ev] fac$ 8 fir/ audi5ce )\t "s trepidation1 & ,y\mans _h n ! ma9/ay & refuge af=d$ by a manuscript1 = 8 sight 0 nev] good en\gh to make su* an aid available = 8 lectures4 ,at fir/ ! "r words 7 sl[ 9 f9d+ _! way to ^? ready lips1 & 8 fri5ds 7 beg9n+ to gr[ anxi\s1 :5 all at once a happy accid5t broke ! spell4 ,he 0 rem>k+ ^u ! *>act]i/ic in]tness ( nitrog51 & po9t+ to a j> ( t gas on ! table be=e him1 :5 "s fidgety movem5t ( 8 knock$ ! j> (f ! table4 ,he improv$ ! occasion ) "o ( 8 qua9t bons mots1 &1 z !re is no?+ t greases ! :eels ( life l a laugh1 ! lecture w5t on to a successful close4 ,?is 0 ! beg9n+ ( a busy c>e] ( sev5te5 ye>s ( lectur+1 end+ 9 #ahfh2 & ,i believe x is safe to say t few ?+s 7 done 9 all ^? ye>s ( m vital & la/+ b5efit to ! ,am]ican p ?an ?is broadca/ s[+ ( ! se$s ( sci5tific ?\ght 9 ! lectures ( ,edw>d ,y\mans4 ,!y came j at ! "t :5 ! _w 0 ripe = ! doctr9e ( evolution1 :5 all ! wondr\s significance ( ! tr5d ( sci5tific discov]y s9ce ,newton's "t 0 beg9n+ to bur/ ^u m5's m9ds4 ,! "w ( ,lyell 9 geology1 foll[$ at l5g? 9 #ahei by ! ,d>w9ian !ory2 ! doctr9e ( ! correlation ( =ces & ! consequ5t unity ( nature2 ! ext5sion & re=mation ( *emical !ory2 ! simultane\s advance made 9 sociological inquiry1 & 9 ! conception ( ! true aims & prop] me?ods ( education1--all ?is made ! p]iod a mo/ fruitful "o = ! peculi> "w ( su* a tea*] z ,y\mans4 ,! intellectual atmosph]e 0 *>g$ ) conceptions ( evolution4 ,y\mans _h arriv$ at su* conceptions 9 ! c\rse ( 8 /udy ( ! sep>ate l9es ( sci5tific speculation :i* 7 n[ ab\t to be summ$ up & organiz$ by ,h]b]t ,sp5c] into t sy/em ( philosophy :i* m>ks ! highe/ po9t to :i* ! progressive intellig5ce ( mank9d has yet atta9$4 ,9 ! field ( sci5tific g5]alization ^u ?is great scale1 ,y\mans 0 n an orig9ator2 b 8 broadly sympa!tic & lum9\s m9d mov$ on a plane s ne> to t ( ! orig9ators t he seiz$ at once ^u ! gr& s*eme ( ?\ght z x 0 develop$1 made x 8 own1 & br\ght to its int]pretation & diffusion su* a happy comb9ation ( qualities z "o seldom meets )4 ,! ord9>y popul>iz] ( great & novel tru?s is a man :o compreh5ds !m b p>tially1 & illu/rates !m 9 a lame & fragm5t>y way4 ,b x 0 ! peculi>ity ( ,y\mans t :ile on ! "o h& he c\ld grasp ! newe/ sci5tific ?\ght s surely & firmly t he seem$ to h ent]$ into ! inn]mo/ m9d ( its au?or1 on ! o!r h& he c\ld speak to ! g5]al public 9 an extremely conv9c+ & /imulat+ way4 ,?is 0 ! secret ( 8 p[]1 & !re c be no "q t 8 influ5ce 9 educat+ ! ,am]ican p to receive ! doctr9e ( evolution 0 great & widespread4 ,! ye>s :5 ,y\mans 0 travell+ & lectur+ 7 ! ye>s :5 ! old lyceum sy/em ( popul> lectures 0 /ill 9 its vig\r4 ,! k9d ( life l$ by ! en]getic lectur] 9 ^? days 0 n t ( a ,syb>ite1 z may be se5 f a passage 9 "o ( 8 lett]s3 ,i lectur$ 9 ,s&usky1 & _h to get up at five o'clock to rea* ,elyria2 ,i _h _h b v little sleep4 ,to get f ,elyria to ,pittsburg ,i mu/ take ! five o'clock morn+ tra91 & ! hotel d>ky said he w\ld try to wak5 me4 ,i knew :at t meant1 & s did n get a s+le w9k ( sleep t night4 ,rode all day to ,pittsburg1 & _h to lecture 9 ! great ,academy ( ,music ov] footlights4444 ,! tra9 t left = ,zanesville dep>t$ at two 9 ! morn+4 ,i _h be5 assur$ a hundr$ times 7= ,i ask$ ev]ybody ,i met7 t ,i c\ld get a sleep+-c> to ,zanesville1 & :5 ,i 0 all ready to />t ,i 0 in=m$ t ?is morn+ !re 0 no sleep+-c>4 ,by ! "t ,i rea*$ "h ,i 0 pretty completely us$ up4 ,su* a fatigu+ life1 h[ev]1 has its comp5sations4 ,x br+s ! lectur] into fri5dly contact ) ! brighte/ m9ds among 8 fell[ c\ntrym5 9 _m & _m places1 & enl>ges 8 sph]e ( influ5ce 9 a way t is n easy to e/imate4 ,cle>ly1 an e>ne/ lectur]1 ( comm&+ intellig5ce & *>m+ mann]1 ) a great subject to tea*1 mu/ h an opportunity = s[+ se$s t w pres5tly rip5 9 a *ange ( op9ion or s5tim5t1 9 an alt]$ way ( look+ at ?+s on ! "p ( :ole communities4 ,no lectur] has ev] _h a bett] opportunity ( ?is sort ?an ,edw>d ,y\mans1 & none ev] made a bett] use ( 8 opportunity4 ,8 gifts z a talk] 7 ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,! commone/ & pla9e/ /ory1 z told by ,edw>d ,y\mans1 _h all ! brea?less int]e/ ( ! mo/ ?rill+ romance4 ,absolutely unconsci\s ( himself1 simple1 /raight=w>d1 & vehem5t1 wrapp$ up 9 8 subject1 ! v embodim5t ( fai? & en?usiasm1 ( he>t9ess & good *e]1 x 0 delightful to he> him4 ,& :5 we jo9 ) all ?is 8 unfail+ common s5se1 8 broad & k9dly view ( m5 & ?+s1 & ! delici\s hum\r t kept fla%+ out 9 qua9t1 pi?y phrases su* z no o!r man w\ld h ?\ght (1 & su* z are ! despair ( any "o try+ to rememb] & quote !m1 we c seem to imag9e :at a p[] he mu/ h be5 ) 8 lectures4 ,:5 su* a man goes ab\t = sev5te5 ye>s1 tea*+ sci5tific tru?s = :i* ! _w is ripe1 we may be sure t 8 "w is great1 albeit we h no /&>d :]eby we c exactly measure x4 ,9 hundr$s ( little t[ns ) que] names did ?is /rong p]sonality appe> & make its way & leave its effects 9 ! %ape ( new ?\ghts1 new que/ions1 & enl>g$ hospitality ( m9d1 among ! inhabitants4 ,! results ( all ?is are surely visible to-day4 ,9 no "p ( ! ,engli% _w has ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s philosophy met ) su* a g5]al & cordial reception z 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is may no d\bt be l>gely expla9$ by a ref]5ce to g5]al causes2 b z x is almo/ always necess>y1 along ) our g5]al causes1 to take into ! acc\nt "s p]sonal influ5ce1 s x is 9 ?is case4 ,x is safe to say t among ! ag5cies :i* dur+ ! pa/ fifty ye>s h s rem>kably broad5$ ! m9d ( ! ,am]ican p1 v few h be5 m pot5t ?an ! g5tle & subtle b p]vasive "w done by ,edw>d ,y\mans ) 8 lectures1 & to ?is has be5 l>gely due ! hospitable reception ( ,h]b]t ,sp5c]'s ideas4 ,x 0 9 #ahef t ,y\mans fell 9 ) a review ( ,sp5c]'s ,pr9ciples ( ,psy*ology1 by ,dr4 ,morell1 9 ,! ,m$ico-,*irurgical ,review4 ,?is pap] impress$ him s deeply t he at once s5t to ,london = a copy ( ! book1 :i* _h be5 publi%$ 9 ! prec$+ ye>4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ?is 0 f\r ye>s be=e ! ,d>w9ian !ory 0 ann\nc$ 9 ! fir/ edition ( ! ,orig9 ( ,species4#ae ,aft] /ruggl+ = a :ile ) ! weighty problems ( ?is book1 ,y\mans saw t ! !ory exp\nd$ 9 x 0 a long /ride 9 ! direction ( a g5]al !ory ( evolution4 ,8 int]e/ 9 ?is subject receiv$ a new & fre% /imulus4 ,he read ,social ,/atics1 & began to recognize ,sp5c]'s h& 9 ! anonym\s articles 9 ! qu>t]lies 9 :i* he 0 !n ann\nc+ & illu/rat+ v>i\s portions or segm5ts ( 8 newly discov]$ law ( evolution4 ,"o ev5+ 9 ,febru>y1 #ahfj1 z ,y\mans 0 call+ at a fri5d's h\se 9 ,brooklyn1 ! ,rev4 ,samuel ,johnson1 ( ,salem1 h&$ him ! fam\s prospectus ( ! great s]ies ( philosophical works :i* ,sp5c] propos$ to issue by subscription4 ,mr4 ,johnson _h obta9$ ?is f ,edw>d ,silsbee1 :o 0 "o ( ! v fir/ ,am]icans to become int]e/$ 9 ,sp5c]4 ,! v next day ,y\mans wrote a lett] to ,sp5c]1 (f]+ 8 aid 9 procur+ ,am]ican subscriptions & o!rwise facilitat+ ! ent]prise by e means 9 8 p[]4 ,) ?is lett] & ,sp5c]'s cordial reply began ! lifelong fri5d%ip betwe5 ! two m54 ,x 0 9 t same mon? t ,i fir/ became aw>e ( ,sp5c]'s exi/5ce1 ?r\gh a s+le p>agraph quot$ f him by ,lewes1 & 9 t p>agraph !re 0 imm5se fasc9ation4 ,i _h be5 /eep+ myself 9 ! lit]ature ( mod]n philosophy1 />t+ ) ,bacon & ,desc>tes1 & 0 !n /udy+ ,comte's ,philosophie ,positive1 :i* int]e/$ me z sugge/+ t ! special doctr9es ( ! sev]al sci5ces might be organiz$ into a g5]al body ( doctr9e ( univ]sal significance4 ,comte's "w 0 crude & (t5 wildly absurd1 b !re 0 mu* 9 x t 0 v sugge/ive4 ,9 ,may1 #ahfj1 9 ! ,old ,corn] ,book/ore 9 ,bo/on1 ,i fell ^u a copy ( t same prospectus ( ,sp5c]'s works1 & read x ) exult+ delight2 = cle>ly !re 0 to be su* an organization ( sci5tific doctr9e z ! _w 0 wait+ =4 ,x appe>$ t !re 0 "s talk ( ,ticknor ,fields und]tak+ to conduct ! s]ies 9 case subscriptions en\gh %\ld be receiv$4 ,sp5c] pref]r$ to h 8 works appe> 9 ,bo/on2 b :5 9 ! c\rse ( #ahfj 8 book on ,education 0 (f]$ to ,ticknor ,fields1 !y decl9$ to publi% x1--:i* 01 ( c\rse1 a grave mi/ake f ! bus9ess po9t ( view4 ,y\mans1 h[ev]1 0 n sorry = ?is1 = x gave him ! opportunity to place ,sp5c]'s books :]e he c\ld d mo/ to =w>d _! success4 ,"s ye>s be=e1 dur+ 8 bl9dness1 8 si/] _h l$ him "o day into ! /ore ( ,messrs4 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4 9 que/ ( a book1 & ,mr4 ,william ,appleton _h become w>mly int]e/$ 9 him4 ,i believe ! firm n[ look back to ?is *ance visit z "o ( ! mo/ auspici\s ev5ts 9 _! annals4 ,y\mans became by degrees a k9d ( advis] z reg>d$ matt]s ( publication1 & x 0 l>gely ?r\gh 8 f>-sight$ advice t ! ,appletons ent]$ ^u ! publication ( su* books z ^? ( ,buckle1 ,d>w91 ,huxley1 ,tyndall1 ,haeckel1 & o!rs ( l "*2 always pay+ a royalty to ! au?ors1 ! same z to ,am]ican au?ors1 9 spite ( ! abs5ce ( an int]national copyright law4 ,z publi%]s ( books ( ?is sort ! ,appletons h come to be prem95t4 ,x is obvi\s en\gh n[adays t su* books are pr(itable f a bus9ess po9t ( view2 b ?irty ye>s & m ago ?is 0 by no means obvi\s4 ,we ,am]icans 7 t]ribly prov9cial4 ,repr9ts ( ,engli% books & translations f ,fr5* & ,g]man 7 sadly beh9d ! times4 ,9 ! ,connecticut t[n :]e ,i liv$1 p w\ld beg9 to wake up to ! exi/5ce ( "s great ,european book or sy/em ( ?\ght aft] x _h be5 be=e ! _w any:]e f a doz5 to fifty ye>s4 ,9 ^? days1 !re=e1 x requir$ "s boldness to und]take ! repr9t+ ( new sci5tific books2 & none h recogniz$ m freely ?an ! ,appletons ! importance ( ! "p play$ by ,y\mans 9 ?is matt]4 ,8 "w z advis] to a great publi%+ h\se & 8 "w z lectur] re9=c$ ea* o!r1 & ?us 8 capacity = usefulness 0 mu* increas$4 ,:5 ,sp5c]'s book on ,education fail$ to f9d fav\r 9 ,bo/on ! ,appletons took x1 & ?us pres5tly secur$ ! managem5t ( ! philosophical s]ies4 ,?is br\ght ,y\mans into p]man5t relations ) ,sp5c] & 8 "w4 ,9 #ahfa ,y\mans 0 m>ri$1 & 9 ! c\rse ( ! foll[+ ye> made a j\rney 9 ,europe ) 8 wife4 ,x 0 n[ t he became p]sonally acqua9t$ ) ,sp5c]1 & f\nd him q z int]e/+ & admirable z 8 books4 ,fri5d%ips 7 also begun ) ,huxley & o!r =emo/ m5 ( sci5ce4 ,f m ?an "o ( ^! m5 ,i h he>d ! w>me/ expressions ( p]sonal affection = ,y\mans1 & ( ke5 appreciation ( ! aid t !y h obta9$ 9 innum]able ways f 8 intellig5t & en?usia/ic sympa?y4 ,b no "o else got s l>ge a measure ( ?is support z ,sp5c]4 ,z fa/ z 8 books 7 republi%$ ,y\mans wrote reviews ( !m1 & by no means 9 ! usual p]functory way2 8 reviews & notices 7 turn$ out by ! score1 & scatt]$ ab\t 9 ! magaz9es & newspap]s :]e !y w\ld d ! mo/ good4 ,:5ev] he f\nd ano!r writ] :o c\ld be press$ into ! s]vice1 he w\ld give him ,sp5c]'s books1 k9dle him ) a sp>k f 8 own magnific5t en?usiasm1 & set him to writ+ = ! press4 ,! mo/ indefatigable v5d] ( w>es 0 nev] m ru?lessly p]si/5t 9 adv]tis+ = lucre's sake ?an ,edw>d ,y\mans 9 prea*+ 9 a _s ( ! pure/ dis9t]e/$ness ! gospel ( evolution4 ,z long z he liv$1 ,sp5c] _h ^u ?is side ( ! ,atlantic an alt] ego ev] on ! al]t ) vision l t ( a hawk = ! slighte/ *ance to promote 8 int]e/s & ^? ( 8 sy/em ( ?\ght4 ,among ! allies ?us enli/$ at t e>ly "t 7 ,mr4 ,george ,ripley & ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]1 bo? ( :om did good s]vice1 9 _! diff]5t ways1 9 awak5+ public int]e/ 9 ! doctr9e ( evolution4 ,9 ^? days ( ! ,civil ,w> x 0 especially h>d to keep up ! li/ ( subscrib]s 9 an ab/ruse philosophical publication ( app>5tly int]m9able l5g?4 ,y\mans n[ & !n f\nd x ne$ful to make a j\rney 9 ! int]e/s ( ! "w1 & x 0 on "o ( ^! occasions1 9 ,novemb]1 #ahfc1 t ,i made 8 acqua9tance4 ,i _h already publi%$1 9 #ahfa1 an article 9 "o ( ! qu>t]ly reviews1 9 :i* ,sp5c]'s "w 0 ref]r$ to2 & ano!r 9 #ahfc1 9 :i* ! law ( evolution 0 illu/rat$ 9 connection ) c]ta9 problems ( ! sci5ce ( language4 ,! articles 7 anonym\s1 z 0 !n ! fa%ion1 & ,y\mans' curiosity 0 ar\s$4 ,!re 7 s few p !n :o _h any conception ( :at ,sp5c]'s "w meant t !y c\ld h be5 c\nt$ on "o's f+]s4 ,at t "t ,i knew ( only ?ree3 ! late ,pr(essor ,gurney1 ( ,h>v>d2 ,mr4 ,george ,lit* ,rob]ts1 n[ an em95t pat5t lawy] 9 ,bo/on2 & ,mr4 ,john ,sp5c] ,cl>k1 n[ ( ! ,prang ,educational ,company4 ,i h s9ce kn[n t !re 7 at lea/ two or ?ree o!rs ab\t ,bo/on1 among !m my le>n$ fri5d ! ,rev4 ,william ,r\nseville ,alg]1 besides sev]al 9 o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,:5 we sometimes v5tur$ to obs]ve t ,sp5c]'s "w 0 z great z ,newton's1 & t 8 !ory ( evolution 0 go+ to remodel human ?9k+ ^u all subjects :atev]1 p us$ to />e at u & take u = idiots4 ,any "o memb] ( su* a small community 0 easy to f9d2 & ,i h always dat$ a new era 9 my life f ! ,sunday aft]noon :5 ,y\mans came to my room 9 ,cambridge4 ,x 0 ! beg9n+ ( a fri5d%ip su* z h>dly comes b once to a man4 ,at t fir/ meet+ ,i knew no?+ ( him except t he 0 ! au?or ( a textbook ( *emi/ry :i* ,i _h f\nd int]e/+1 9 spite ( its hav+ be5 cramm$ d[n my ?roat by an old-fa%ion$ memoriz+ tea*] :o1 ,i am conv9c$1 nev] really knew s mu* z ! diff]5ce betwe5 oxyg5 & antimony4 ,at fir/ x 0 a matt] ( brea?less int]e/ to talk ) a man :o _h se5 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]4 ,b "o ( ! imm$iate results ( ?is int]view 0 ! beg9n+ ( my own correspond5ce & intimate fri5d%ip ) ,sp5c]4 ,& f t "t =? x always seem$ z if1 :5ev] any ( ! good or lovely ?+s ( life came to my lot1 someh[ or o!r ,edw>d ,y\mans 0 ei!r ! cause ( x1 or at any rate intimately conc]n$ ) x4 ,! sph]e ( 8 unselfi% goodness 0 s wide & its quality s pot5t t "o c\ld n come into ne> relations ) him )\t becom+ 9 all mann] ( unsuspect$ ways /r5g!n$ & enri*$4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahfe we 7 dismay$ by ! ann\ncem5t t ,sp5c] w\ld no long] be able to g on issu+ 8 works4 ,9 ,london !y 7 publi%$ at 8 own exp5se & risk1 & ^? books :i* n[ yield a h&some pr(it did n !n pay ! co/ ( mak+ !m4 ,by ! summ] ( #ahfe !re 0 a balance ( #aajj aga9/ ,sp5c]1 & 8 prop]ty 0 too small to admit ( 8 go+ on & los+ at su* a rate4 ,z soon z ?is 0 kn[n1 ,john ,/u>t ,mill begg$ to be all[$ to assume ! entire pecuni>y responsibility ( cont9u+ ! publication2 b ?is1 ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 :ile deeply affect$ by su* noble sympa?y1 w\ld n he> (4 ,he cons5t$1 h[ev]1 ) great reluctance1 to ! attempt ( ,huxley & ,lubbock1 & o!r fri5ds1 to increase artificially ! li/ ( subscrib]s by induc+ p to take ! "w j 9 ord] to help support x4 ,b aft] sev]al mon?s ! sudd5 dea? ( ,sp5c]'s fa!r add$ some?+ to 8 means ( support1 & he !reupon )drew 8 cons5t to ?is arrangem5t1 & det]m9$ to g on publi%+ z be=e1 & be>+ ! loss4 ,b z soon z ! fir/ evil tid+s rea*$ ,am]ica ,y\mans made up 8 m9d t #eejj mu/ be =?) rais$ by subscription1 9 ord] to make good ! loss already incurr$4 ,x is delightful to rememb] ! vig\r ) :i* he took hold ( ?is "w4 ,! sum ( #gjjj 0 rais$ & inve/$ 9 ,am]ican securities 9 ,sp5c]'s "n4 ,if he did n see fit to accept ^! securities1 !y w\ld g )\t an own]4 ,! be/ ( ,wal?am wat*es 0 procur$ = ,sp5c] by 8 ,am]ican fri5ds2 a lett]1 word$ ) r>e delicacy & tact1 0 writt5 by ! late ,rob]t ,m9turn2 & ,y\mans sail$ = ,engl& to convey ! lett] & ! wat* to ,sp5c]4 ,x 0 a *>m+ sc5e on a summ] day 9 an ,engli% g>d5 :5 ! great philosoph] 0 appris$ ( :at _h be5 done4 ,x 0 s skilfully manag$ t he c\ld n refuse ! tribute )\t seem+ *urli%4 ,he !re=e accept$ x1 & appli$ x to ext5d+ 8 rese>*es 9 descriptive sociology4 ,( ! _m visits :i* ,y\mans made to ,engl&1 n[ & !n ext5d+ !m to ! ,cont95t1 "o ( ! mo/ important 0 9 #ahga1 = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ ! ,int]national ,sci5tific ,s]ies4 ,?is 0 a fav\rite s*eme ( ,y\mans4 ,he realiz$ t popul> sci5tific books1 adapt$ to ! g5]al read]1 are apt to be writt5 by ?ird-rate m5 :o d n well und]/& _! subject2 !y are apt to be dry or sup]ficial1 or bo?4 ,no "o c write s good a popul> book z ! ma/] ( a subject1 if he only has a fair gift ( express+ himself & keeps 9 m9d ! public = :i* he is writ+4 ,! ma/] kn[s :at to tell & :at to omit1 & c ?us tell mu* 9 a %ort compass & /ill make x int]e/+2 moreov]1 he avoids ! inaccuracies :i* are sure to occur 9 second-h& "w4 ,ma/]s ( subjects are apt1 h[ev]1 to be too mu* occupi$ ) orig9al rese>* to write popul> books4 ,x 0 ,y\mans' plan to induce ! lead+ m5 ( sci5ce 9 ,europe & ,am]ica to contribute small volumes on _! special subjects to a s]ies to be publi%$ simultane\sly 9 sev]al c\ntries & languages4 ,fur!rmore1 by special contract ) publi%+ h\ses ( high reputation1 ! au?or 0 to receive ! ord9>y royalty on e copy ( 8 book sold 9 e "o ( ! c\ntries 9 "q2 ?us anticipat+ int]national copyright ^u a v wide scale1 & giv+ ! au?or a mu* m adequate comp5sation = 8 lab\r4 ,to put ?is s*eme into op]ation 0 a task ( great difficulty1 s _m conflict+ int]e/s _h to be consid]$4 ,y\mans' brilliant success is atte/$ by t noble s]ies ( m ?an fifty volumes1 on all sorts ( sci5tific subjects1 writt5 by m5 ( real em95ce1 & publi%$ 9 ,engl&1 ,france1 ,italy1 ,g]many1 & ,russia1 z well z 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a ^w is all t c be sp>$ = o!r p>ts ( our fri5d's "w1 :i* des]ve _m words1 & ^? c>efully consid]$4 ,8 book on ,h\sehold ,sci5ce is n ! usual collection ( scrappy comm5t1 recipe1 & apo!gm1 b a valuable sci5tific treatise on heat1 light1 air1 & food 9 _! relations to e-day life4 ,9 8 ,correlation ( ,physical ,=ces he br+s toge!r ! epo*-mak+ essays ( ! m5 :o h successively e/abli%$ t doctr9e1 introduc+ !m ) an essay ( 8 own1 9 :i* its hi/ory & its philosophical implications are set =? 9 a ma/]ly mann]4 ,9 8 book on ! ,culture dem&$ by ,mod]n ,life we h a simil> collection ( essays ) a simil> excell5t orig9al discussion1 %[+ ! ne$ = wid] & lat] tra9+ 9 sci5ce1 & prote/+ aga9/ ! excess ( "t & en]gy t is sp5t 9 classical education :]e x is m]ely ! foll[+ ( an old tradition4 ,z a cr[n to all ?is useful "w1 ,y\mans e/abli%$1 9 #ahgb1 ,! ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 :i* has unque/ionably be5 ( high educational value to ! g5]al public4 ,x 0 n ! aim ( ?is magaz9e to give an acc\nt ( e !ory exp\nd$1 e fact obs]v$1 e discov]y made1 f ye> to ye>1 :e!r significant or insignificant4 ,! m9d ( ! p is n educat$ by dump+ a great un%apely mass ( facts into x4 ,x ne$s to be /imulat$ r ?an cramm$4 ,education 9 sci5ce %\ld lead "o to ?9k = "o's self4 ,! sci5tific magaz9e1 !re=e1 %\ld pres5t articles f all qu>t]s t deal ) ! ess5tial conceptions ( sci5ce or discuss problems ( real !oretical or practical int]e/1 no matt] :e!r e p>ticul> a/]oid or ! la/ new species ( b>nacle receives full att5tion or n4 ,! ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly has n[ be5 ) u eighte5 ye>s2 its "* has always be5 ( ! highe/1 & x mu/ h ex]t$ an excell5t influ5ce n only z a diffus] ( valuable k1 b 9 tra9+ its read]s to sci5tific habits ( ?\ght 9 s f> z m]e read+ c contribute to su* a result4 ,9 conclud+ our survey ( ?is useful & noble life1 :at impresses u mo/1 ,i ?9k1 is ! broad democratic _s & ! absolute unselfi%ness :i* x reveals at e mom5t & 9 e act4 ,to ,edw>d ,y\mans ! imp]ative ne$ = educat+ ! great mass ( ! p s z to use _! m5tal p[]s to ! be/ advantage came home z a liv+1 ev] pres5t fact4 ,he saw all t x meant & means 9 ! rais+ ( mank9d to a high] level ( ?\ght & action ?an t ^u :i* !y n[ live4 ,to ?is end he consecrat$ himself ) unalloy$ devotion2 & we :o m\rn 8 loss look back ^u 8 noble c>e] ) a s5se ( victory1 kn[+ h[ ! good t su* a man does lives aft] him & c nev] die4 ,m>*1 #ahij4 ,,iv ,,! ,,"p ,,play$ ,,by ,,infancy ,,9 ,,! ,,evolution ,,( ,,man#af ,! rem>ks :i* my fri5d ,mr4 ,cl>k has made ) ref]5ce to ! reconcil+ ( sci5ce & religion seem to c>ry me back to ! days :5 ,i fir/ became acqua9t$ ) ! fact t !re 7 su* ?+s afloat 9 ! _w z speculations ab\t ! orig9 ( man f l[] =ms ( life2 & ,i c recall /ep by /ep v>i\s /ages 9 :i* t old "q has come to h a diff]5t look f :at x _h ?irty ye>s ago4 ,"o ( ! commone/ objections we us$ to he>1 f ! m\?s ( p]sons :o c\ld n v well give voice to any o!r objection1 0 t anybody1 :e!r he kn[s mu* or little ab\t evolution1 mu/ h ! feel+ t !re is some?+ degrad+ ab\t be+ alli$ ) l[] =ms ( life4 ,t 01 ,i suppose1 ow+ to ! survival ( ! old feel+ t a dignifi$ product ( creation ought to h be5 produc$ 9 "s exceptional way4 ,t :i* 0 done 9 ! ord9>y way1 t :i* 0 done ?r\gh ord9>y processes ( causation1 seem$ to be *eap5$ & to lose its value4 ,x 0 a remnant ( ! old /ate ( feel+ :i* took pleasure 9 miracles1 :i* seem$ to ?9k t ! object ( ?\ght 0 m dignifi$ if y c\ld connect x ) some?+ sup]natural2 t /ate ( culture 9 :i* !re 0 an altoge!r inadequate appreciation ( ! am\nt ( gr&eur t !re might be 9 ! sl[ creative "w t goes on noiselessly by little m9ute increm5ts1 ev5 z ! dropp+ ( ! wat] t we>s away ! /one4 ,! g5]al progress ( famili>ity ) ! conception ( evolution has done a great deal to *ange t /ate ( m9d4 ,ev5 p]sons :o h n mu* acqua9tance ) sci5ce h at l5g? caught some?+ ( its lesson1--t ! inf9itely cumulative action ( small causes l ^? :i* we "k is capable ( produc+ results ( ! gr&e/ & mo/ ?rill+ importance1 & t ! disposition to recur to ! cataclysmic & miracul\s is only a t5d5cy ( ! *ildi% m9d :i* we are outgr[+ ) wid] exp]i5ce4 ,! :ole doctr9e ( evolution1 & 9 fact ! :ole advance ( mod]n sci5ce f ! days ( ,cop]nicus d[n to ! pres5t day1 h consi/$ 9 ! sub/itution ( processes :i* are famili> & ! application ( ^? processes1 %[+ h[ !y produce great results4 ,:5 ,d>w9's ,orig9 ( ,species 0 fir/ publi%$1 :5 x gave u t wond]ful explanation ( ! orig9 ( =ms ( life f alli$ =ms ?r\gh ! op]ation ( natural selection1 x mu/ h be5 l a m5tal illum9ation to e p]son :o compreh5d$ x4 ,b aft] all x left a great _m que/ions unexpla9$1 z 0 natural4 ,x acc\nt$ = ! ph5om5a ( organic developm5t 9 g5]al ) wond]ful success1 b x mu/ h left a great _m m9ds ) ! feel+3 ,if man has be5 produc$ 9 ?is way1 if ! m]e op]ation ( natural selection has produc$ ! human race1 :]e9 is ! human race anyway ess5tially diff]5t f l[] races8 ,is n man really de?ron$1 tak5 d[n f t exceptional position 9 :i* we h be5 accu/om$ to place him1 & might x n be possible1 9 ! c\rse ( ! future1 = o!r be+s to come ^u ! e>? z f> sup]ior to man z man is sup]ior to ! fossiliz$ dragons ( ,jurassic antiquity8 ,su* que/ions us$ to be ask$1 & :5 !y 7 ask$1 al?\gh "o might h a v /rong feel+ t x 0 n s1 at ! same "t "o c\ld n exactly say :y4 ,"o c\ld n !n f9d any sci5tific argum5t = objections to t po9t ( view4 ,b ) ! fur!r developm5t ( ! "q ! :ole subject began gradually to we> a diff]5t appe>ance2 & ,i am go+ to give y a little bit ( autobiography1 because ,i ?9k x may be ( "s int]e/ 9 ?is connection4 ,i am go+ to m5tion two or ?ree ( ! successive /ages :i* ! :ole "q took 9 my own m9d z "o ?+ came up aft] ano!r1 & h[ f "t to "t x began to dawn ^u me t ,i _h up to t po9t be5 look+ at ! problem f n exactly ! "r po9t ( view4 ,:5 ,d>w9's ,desc5t ( ,man 0 publi%$ 9 #ahga1 x 0 ( c\rse a book *>act]iz$ by all 8 imm5se le>n+1 8 wond]ful fairness ( _s & f]tility ( sugge/ion4 ,/ill1 "o c\ld n b feel t x did n solve ! "q ( ! orig9 ( man4 ,!re 0 "o great contra/ betwe5 t book & 8 ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,9 ! e>li] treatise he und]took to po9t out a v]a causa ( ! orig9 ( species1 & he did x4 ,9 8 ,desc5t ( ,man he br\ght toge!r a great _m m9or g5]alizations :i* facilitat$ ! und]/&+ ( man's orig94 ,b he did n come at all ne> to solv+ ! c5tral problem1 nor did he any:]e %[ cle>ly :y natural selection might n h gone on =ev] produc+ "o set ( be+s aft] ano!r di/+ui%able *iefly by physical diff]5ces4 ,b ,d>w9's co-discov]]1 ,alfr$ ,russel ,wallace1 at an e>ly /age 9 8 rese>*es1 /ruck out a mo/ brilliant & pregnant sugge/ion4 ,9 t "o respect ,wallace w5t fur!r ?an ev] ,d>w9 did4 ,x 0 a po9t ( :i*1 inde$1 ,d>w9 admitt$ ! importance4 ,x 0 a po9t ( :i* nobody c\ld fail to und]/& ! importance1 t 9 ! c\rse ( ! evolution ( a v highly organiz$ animal1 if !re came a po9t at :i* x 0 ( m advantage to t animal to h v>iations 9 8 intellig5ce seiz$ ^u & improv$ by natural selection ?an to h physical *anges seiz$ ^u1 !n natural selection w\ld beg9 work+ almo/ exclusively ^u t creature's intellig5ce1 & he w\ld develop 9 intellig5ce to a great ext5t1 :ile 8 physical organism w\ld *ange b slightly4 ,n[1 t ( c\rse appli$ to ! case ( man1 :o is *ang$ physically b v slightly f ! apes1 :ile he has trav]s$ intellectually su* a /up5d\s *asm4 ,z soon z ?is /atem5t 0 made by ,wallace1 x seem$ to me to op5 up an entirely new _w ( speculation4 ,!re 0 ?is enorm\s antiquity ( man1 dur+ ! great] "p ( :i* he did n "k en\gh to make hi/ory4 ,we see man exi/+ "h on ! e>?1 no "o c say h[ long1 b surely _m hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s1 yet only dur+ j ! la/ little fr+e ( f\r or five ?\s& ye>s has he arriv$ at ! po9t :]e he makes hi/ory4 ,be=e t1 some?+ 0 go+ on1 a great _m ?+s 7 go+ on1 :ile 8 ance/ors 7 sl[ly gr[+ up to t po9t ( intellig5ce :]e x began to make itself felt 9 ! record+ ( ev5ts4 ,?is agrees ) ,wallace's sugge/ion ( a long p]iod ( psy*ical *ange1 accompani$ by slight physical *ange4 ,well1 9 ! spr+ ( #ahga1 :5 ,d>w9's ,desc5t ( ,man came out1 j ab\t ! same "t ,i happ5$ to be read+ ,wallace's acc\nt ( 8 exp]i5ces 9 ! ,malay ,ar*ipelago1 & h[ at "o "t he caught a female orang-outang ) a new-born baby1 & ! "m di$1 & ,wallace br\ght up ! baby orang-outang by h&2 & ?is baby orang-outang _h a k9d ( infancy :i* 0 a great deal long] ?an t ( a c[ or a %eep1 b x 0 no?+ comp>$ to human infancy 9 l5g?4 ,?is little orang-outang c\ld n get up & m>* ar\nd1 z mammals ( less intellig5ce d1 :5 he 0 fir/ born1 or )9 ?ree or f\r days2 b aft] ?ree or f\r weeks or s he w\ld get up1 & beg9 tak+ hold ( some?+ & pu%+ x ar\nd1 j z *ildr5 pu% a *air2 & he w5t ?r\gh a p]iod ( />+ at 8 h&s1 z human babies d1 & altoge!r 0 a good deal sl[] 9 gett+ to ! po9t :]e he c\ld take c>e ( himself4 ,& :ile ,i 0 read+ ( t ,i ?\ght1 ,de> me6 if !re is any "o ?+ 9 :i* ! human race is signally di/+ui%$ f o!r mammals1 x is 9 ! enorm\s duration ( _! infancy2 b x is a po9t t ,i d n recollect ev] see+ any naturali/ s mu* z allude to4 ,x happ5$ at j t "t t ,i 0 mak+ rese>*es 9 psy*ology ab\t ! organization ( exp]i5ces1 ! way 9 :i* consci\s intellig5t action c pass d[n into quasi-automatic action1 ! g5]ation ( in/9cts1 & v>i\s alli$ que/ions2 & ,i ?\ght1 ,c x be t ! increase ( intellig5ce 9 an animal1 if c>ri$ beyond a c]ta9 po9t1 mu/ necess>ily result 9 prolongation ( ! p]iod ( infancy1--mu/ necess>ily result 9 ! bir? ( ! mammal at a less develop$ /age1 leav+ some?+ to be done1 leav+ a good deal to be done1 aft] bir?8 ,& !n ! argum5t seem$ to come along v naturally1 t = e action ( life1 e adju/m5t :i* a creature makes 9 life1 :e!r a muscul> adju/m5t or an intellig5t adju/m5t1 !re has got to be "s regi/ration effect$ 9 ! n]v\s sy/em1 "s l9e ( transit worn = n]v\s =ce to foll[2 !re has got to be a connection betwe5 c]ta9 n]ve-c5tres be=e ! ?+ c be done1 :e!r x is ! acts ( ! visc]a or ! acts ( ! limbs1 or any?+ ( t sort2 & ( c\rse x is obvi\s t if ! creature has n _m ?+s to regi/] 9 8 n]v\s sy/em1 if he has a life :i* is v simple1 consi/+ ( few actions t are p]=m$ ) great frequ5cy1 t animal becomes almo/ automatic 9 8 :ole life2 & all ! n]v\s connections t ne$ to be made to enable him to c>ry on life get made dur+ ! ftal p]iod or dur+ ! egg p]iod1 & :5 he comes to be born1 he comes all ready to g to "w4 ,z "o result ( ?is1 he does n le>n f individual exp]i5ce1 b "o g5]ation is l ! prec$+ g5]ations1 ) "h & !re "s slight modifications4 ,b :5 y get ! creature t has arriv$ at ! po9t :]e 8 exp]i5ce has become v>i$1 he has got to d a good _m ?+s1 & !re is m or less individuality ab\t !m2 & _m ( !m are n p]=m$ ) ! same m9ut5ess & regul>ity1 s t !re does n beg9 to be t automatism )9 ! p]iod dur+ :i* he is be+ develop$ & 8 =m is tak+ on its outl9es4 ,dur+ pr5atal life !re is n "t en\gh = all ^! n]v\s regi/rations1 & s by degrees x comes ab\t t he is born ) 8 n]v\s sy/em p]fectly capable only ( mak+ him brea! & dige/ food1--( mak+ him d ! ?+s absolutely requisite = support+ life2 in/ead ( be+ born ) a c]ta9 numb] ( def9ite develop$ capacities1 he has a numb] ( pot5tialities :i* h got to be r\s$ accord+ to 8 own individual exp]i5ce4 ,pursu+ t l9e ( ?\ght1 x began aft] a :ile to seem cle> to me t ! infancy ( ! animal 9 a v undevelop$ condition1 ) ! l>g] "p ( 8 faculties 9 pot5tiality r ?an 9 actuality1 0 a direct result ( ! increase ( intellig5ce1 & ,i began to see t n[ we h two /eps3 fir/1 natural selection goes on increas+ ! intellig5ce2 & secondly1 :5 ! intellig5ce goes f> en\gh1 x makes a long] infancy1 a creature is born less develop$1 & !re=e !re comes ?is pla/ic p]iod dur+ :i* he is m tea*able4 ,! capacity = progress beg9s to come 91 & y beg9 to get at "o ( ! great po9ts 9 :i* man is di/+ui%$ f ! l[] animals1 = "o ( ^? po9ts is und\bt$ly 8 progressiv5ess2 & ,i ?9k t any "o w say1 ) v little hesitation1 t if x 7 n = our p]iod ( infancy we %\ld n be progressive4 ,if we came into ! _w ) our capacities all cut & dri$1 "o g5]ation w\ld be v mu* l ano!r4 ,!n1 look+ r\nd to see :at are ! o!r po9ts :i* are mo/ important 9 :i* man diff]s f ! l[] animals1 !re comes t matt] ( ! family4 ,! family has adumbrations & =e%ad[+s among ! l[] animal1 b 9 g5]al x may be said t :ile mammals l[] ?an man are greg>i\s1 9 man h become e/abli%$ ^? peculi> relation%ips :i* con/itute :at we "k z ! family2 & x is easy to see h[ ! exi/5ce ( helpless infants w\ld br+ ab\t j t /ate ( ?+s4 ,! necessity ( c>+ = ! infants w\ld prolong ! p]iod ( mat]nal affection1 & w\ld t5d to keep ! fa!r & "m & *ildr5 toge!r1 b x w\ld t5d especially to keep ! "m & *ildr5 toge!r4 ,?is bus9ess ( ! m>ital relations 0 n really a ?+ t became adju/$ 9 ! primitive ages ( man1 b x has become adju/$ 9 ! c\rse ( civilization4 ,real monogamy1 real fai?fulness ( ! male p>5t1 belongs to a comp>atively advanc$ /age2 b 9 ! e>ly /ages ! knitt+ toge!r ( p]man5t relations betwe5 "m & infant1 & ! approximation t[>d /eady relations on ! "p ( ! male p>5t1 came to br+ ! family1 & gradually to knit ^? organizations :i* we "k z clans4 ,"h we come to ano!r /age1 ano!r /ep =w>d4 ,! in/ant society becomes organiz$ 9 clans1 natural selection _c let ^! clans be brok5 up & die out1--! clan becomes ! *ief object or c>e ( natural selection1 because if y de/roy x y retrograde aga91 y lose all y h ga9$2 consequ5tly1 ^? clans 9 :i* ! primeval selfi% in/9cts 7 s modifi$ t ! individual conduct w\ld be subord9at$ to "s ext5t to ! ne$s ( ! clan1--^? are ! ones :i* w\ld prevail 9 ! /ruggle = life4 ,9 ?is way y gradually get an ext]nal /&>d to :i* man has to con=m 8 conduct1 & y get ! g]ms ( altruism & morality2 & 9 ! prolong$ affectionate relation betwe5 ! "m & ! infant y get ! opportunity = t developm5t ( altrui/ic feel+ :i*1 once />t$ 9 ^? relations1 comes into play 9 ! m g5]al relations1 & makes m feasible & m workable ! bonds :i* keep society toge!r1 & enable x to unite on wid] & wid] t]ms4 ,s x seems t f a v small beg9n+ we are rea*+ a v consid]able result4 ,i _h got ^! facts pretty cle>ly work$ out1 & c>ri$ !m ar\nd ) me "s ye>s1 be=e a fre% conclusion came ov] me "o day ) a feel+ ( surprise4 ,9 ! old days be=e ! ,cop]nican a/ronomy 0 promulgat$1 man reg>d$ himself z ! c5tre ( ! univ]se4 ,he us$ to ent]ta9 !ological sy/ems :i* con=m$ to 8 limit$ k ( nature4 ,! univ]se seem$ to be made = 8 uses1 ! e>? seem$ to h be5 fitt$ up = 8 dwell+ place1 he occupi$ ! c5tre ( creation1 ! sun 0 made to give him light1 etc4 ,:5 ,cop]nicus ov]?rew t view1 ! effect ^u !ology 0 c]ta9ly trem5d\s4 ,i d n believe t ju/ice has ev] be5 done to ! %ock t x gave to man :5 he 0 made to realize t he occupi$ a k9d ( mis]able little clod ( dirt 9 ! univ]se1 & t !re 7 s _m o!r worlds great] ?an ?is4 ,x 0 "o ( ! fir/ great %ocks involv$ 9 ! *ange f anci5t to mod]n sci5tific views1 & ,i d n d\bt x 0 responsible = a great deal ( ! pessimi/ic philosophiz+ t came 9 ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies4 ,n[1 x fla%$ ^u me a doz5 ye>s or s ago--aft] ?9k+ ab\t ?is mann] 9 :i* man orig9at$--t man occupies c]ta9ly j z exceptional a position z be=e1 if he is ! t]m9al 9 a long s]ies ( evolution>y ev5ts4 ,if at ! end ( ! long hi/ory ( evolution comes man1 if ?is :ole secul> process has be5 go+ on to produce ?is supreme object1 x does n mu* matt] :at k9d ( a cosmical body he lives on4 ,he is put back into ! old position ( !ological importance1 & 9 a mu* m intellig5t way ?an 9 ! old days :5 he 0 suppos$ to occupy ! c5tre ( ! univ]se4 ,we are enabl$ to say t :ile !re is no d\bt ( ! evolution>y process go+ on ?r\gh\t c\ntless ages :i* we "k no?+ ab\t1 yet 9 ! "o case :]e x is br\ght home to u we spell out an intelligible /ory1 & we d f9d ?+s work+ along up to man z a t]m9al fact 9 ! :ole process4 ,?is is inde$ a consi/5t conclusion f ,wallace's sugge/ion t natural selection1 9 work+ t[>d ! g5esis ( man1 began to foll[ a new pa? & make psy*ical *anges in/ead ( physical *anges4 ,obvi\sly1 "h y are />t$ ^u a new *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! univ]se4 ,x is no long] go+ to be necess>y to %ape new limbs1 & to ?ick5 ! sk9 & make new gr[?s ( hair1 :5 man has le>n$ h[ to build a fire1 :5 he c take "s o!r animal's hide & make x into clo!s4 ,y h got to a new /ate ( ?+s4 ,aft] ,i _h put toge!r all ^! additional circum/ances ) reg>d to ! orig9ation ( human society & ! developm5t ( altruism1 ,i began to see a little fur!r into ! matt]4 ,x !n began to appe> t n only is man ! t]m9al factor 9 a long process ( evolution1 b 9 ! orig9ation ( man !re began ! developm5t ( ! high] psy*ical attributes1 & ^? attributes are com+ to play a great] & great] "p 9 ! developm5t ( ! human race4 ,j take ?is m]e matt] ( altruism1 z we call x4 ,x is n a pretty ^w1 b mu/ s]ve = want ( a bett]4 ,9 ! developm5t ( altruism f ! l[ po9t1 :]e !re 0 sc>cely en\gh to hold ! clan toge!r1 up to ! po9t rea*$ at ! pres5t day1 !re has be5 a notable progress1 b !re is /ill room = an enorm\s am\nt ( improvem5t4 ,! progress has be5 all 9 ! direction ( br++ out :at we call ! high] spiritual attributes4 ,! feel+ 0 n[ m /rongly impress$ ^u me ?an ev]1 t all ^! ?+s t5d$ to set ! :ole doctr9e ( evolution into h>mony ) religion2 t if ! pa/ ?r\gh :i* man _h orig9at$ 0 su* z has be5 describ$1 !n religion 0 a fit & wor?y occupation = man1 & "s ( ! assumptions :i* und]lie e sy/em ( religion mu/ be true4 ,= example1 ) reg>d to ! assumption t :at we see ( ! pres5t life is n ! :ole ?+2 t !re is a spiritual side ( ! "q beside ! mat]ial side2 t1 9 %ort1 !re is = man a life et]nal4 ,:5 ,i wrote ! ,de/9y ( ,man1 all t ,i v5tur$ to say 01 t x did n seem q compatible ) ord9>y common s5se to suppose t s mu* pa9s w\ld h be5 tak5 to produce a m]ely ephem]al result4 ,b s9ce !n ano!r argum5t has occurr$ to me3 t j at ! "t :5 ! human race 0 beg9n+ to come ^u ! sc5e1 :5 ! g]ms ( morality 7 com+ 9 ) ! family1 :5 society 0 tak+ its fir/ />t1 !re came into ! human m9d--h[ "o c h>dly say1 b !re did come--! beg9n+s ( a grop+ aft] some?+ t lies outside & beyond ! _w ( s5se4 ,t grop+ aft] a spiritual _w has be5 go+ on "h = mu* m ?an a hundr$ ?\s& ye>s1 & x has play$ an enorm\s "p 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d1 9 ! :ole developm5t ( human society4 ,nobody c imag9e :at mank9d w\ld h be5 )\t x up to ! pres5t "t4 ,ei!r all religion has be5 a rea*+ out = a phantom t does n exi/1 or a rea*+ out aft] some?+ t does exi/1 b ( :i* man1 ) 8 limit$ intellig5ce1 has only be5 able to ga9 a crude idea4 ,& ! latt] seems a f> m probable conclusion1 because1 if x is n s1 x con/itutes a unique exception to all ! op]ations ( evolution we "k ab\t4 ,z a g5]al ?+ 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( evolution1 :5 y see any int]nal adju/m5t rea*+ out t[>d some?+1 x is 9 ord] to adapt itself to some?+ t really exi/s2 & if ! religi\s crav+s ( man con/itute an exception1 !y are ! "o ?+ 9 ! :ole process ( evolution t is exceptional & diff]5t f all ! re/4 ,& ?is is surely an argum5t ( /up5d\s & resi/less weight4 ,i take ?is autobiographical way ( ref]r+ to ^! ?+s1 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y came be=e my m9d1 = ! sake ( illu/ration4 ,! net result ( ! :ole is to put evolution 9 h>mony ) religi\s ?\ght1--n necess>ily 9 h>mony ) p>ticul> religi\s dogmas or !ories1 b 9 h>mony ) ! great religi\s drift1 s t ! antagonism :i* us$ to appe> to exi/ betwe5 religion & sci5ce is likely to disappe>4 ,s ,i ?9k x w be=e a great :ile4 ,if y take ! case ( "s evolutioni/ l ,pr(essor ,haeckel1 :o is p]fectly sure t mat]ialism acc\nts = ev]y?+ 7he has got x all cut & dri$ & settl$2 he kn[s all ab\t x1 s t !re is really no ne$ ( discuss+ ! subject672 if y ask ! "q :e!r x 0 8 sci5tific /udy ( evolution t really l$ him to su* a dogmatic conclusion1 or :e!r x 0 t he />t$ f "s purely arbitr>y assumption1 l ! ,fr5* mat]iali/s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ,i h no d\bt ! latt] w\ld be ! true explanation4 ,!re are a good _m p :o />t on _! !ories ( evolution ) ^! ultimate que/ions all settl$ to beg9 )4 ,x 0 ! mo/ natural ?+ 9 ! _w t aft] ! fir/ assaults ( sci5ce ^u old beliefs1 aft] a c]ta9 numb] ( ,bible /ories & a c]ta9 numb] ( *ur* doctr9es _h be5 discr$it$1 !re %\ld be a s*ool ( m5 :o 9 %e] we>9ess %\ld settle d[n to sci5tific rese>*es1 & say1 ,we cont5t ourselves ) :at we c prove by ! me?ods ( physical sci5ce1 & we w ?r[ ev]y?+ else ov]bo>d4 ,t 0 v mu* ! /ate ( m9d ( ! fam\s ,fr5* a!i/s ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,b only ?9k h[ *aotic nature 0 to _! m9ds comp>$ to :at %e is to our m9ds to-day4 ,j ?9k h[ we h 9 ! pres5t c5tury arriv$ :]e we c see ! be>+s ( "o set ( facts 9 nature z collat$ ) ano!r set ( facts1 & contra/ x ) ! view :i* ev5 ! greate/ ( ^? sci5tific ,fr5* mat]iali/s c\ld take4 ,consid] h[ fragm5t>y & h[ lack+ 9 arrangem5t 0 ! univ]se !y saw comp>$ ) ! univ]se we c see to-day1 & x is n /range t to !m x c\ld be an a!i/ic _w4 ,t ho/ility betwe5 sci5ce & religion cont9u$ z long z religion 0 l9k$ h& 9 h& ) ! anci5t doctr9e ( special creation4 ,b n[ t ! religi\s _w has unmoor$ itself1 n[ t x is beg9n+ to see ! tru? & beauty ( natural sci5ce & to look ) fri5d%ip ^u conceptions ( evolution1 ,i suspect t ?is tempor>y antagonism1 :i* we h fall5 into a c>eless way ( reg>d+ z an ev]la/+ antagonism1 w come to an end p]haps quick] ?an we realize4 ,!re is "o po9t t is ( great int]e/ 9 ?is connection1 al?\gh ,i c only h9t at x4 ,among ! ?+s t happ5$ 9 t dim pa/ :5 man 0 com+ into exi/5ce 0 ! increase ( 8 p[]s ( manipulation2 & t 0 a factor ( imm5se importance4 ,anaxagoras1 x is said1 wrote a treatise 9 :i* he ma9ta9$ t ! human race w\ld nev] h become human if x _h n be5 = ! h&4 ,i d n "k t !re 0 s v mu* exagg]ation ab\t t4 ,x 0 c]ta9ly ( great significance t ! p>ticul> race ( mammals ^: intellig5ce increas$ f> en\gh to make x wor? :ile = natural selection to "w ^u intellig5ce alone 0 ! race :i* _h develop$ h&s & c\ld manipulate ?+s4 ,x 0 a wond]ful era 9 ! hi/ory ( creation :5 t creature c\ld take a club & use x = a hamm]1 or c\ld pry up a /one ) a /ake1 ?us add+ "o m lev] to ! lev]s t made up 8 arm4 ,f t day to ?is1 ! c>e] ( man has be5 t ( a p]son :o has op]at$ ^u 8 environm5t 9 a diff]5t way f any animal be=e him4 ,an era ( simil> importance came probably some:at lat]1 :5 man le>n$ h[ to build a fire & cook 8 food2 ?us initiat+ t c\rse ( cul9>y developm5t ( :i* we h se5 ! climax 9 our da9ty d9n] ?is ev5+4 ,"h 0 ano!r means ( act+ ^u ! environm5t4 ,"h 0 ! beg9n+ ( ! work+ ( endless physical & *emical *anges ?r\gh ! application ( heat1 j z ! fir/ use ( ! club or ! cr[b> 0 ! beg9n+ ( an enorm\s developm5t 9 ! me*anical arts4 ,n[1 at ! same "t1 to g back once m into t dim pa/1 :5 e?ics & religion1 manual art & sci5tific ?\ght1 f\nd expression 9 ! crude/ =m ( my?s1 ! /hetic s5se 0 g]m9at+ likewise4 ,away back 9 ! glacial p]iod y f9d pictures drawn & scrat*$ ^u ! re9de]'s antl]1 portraitures ( mammo?s & primitive pictures ( ! *ase2 y see ! tr9kets1 ! p]sonal decorations1 prov+ beyond "q t ! /hetic s5se 0 !re4 ,!re has be5 an imm5se /hetic developm5t s9ce !n4 ,& ,i believe t 9 ! future x is go+ to mean f> m to u ?an we h yet begun to realize4 ,i ref] to ! k9d ( tra9+ t comes to mank9d ?r\gh direct op]ation ^u 8 environm5t1 ! inc>nation ( 8 ?\ght1 ! putt+ ( 8 ideas into new mat]ial relations4 ,?is is go+ to ex]t p[]ful effects ( a civiliz+ k9d4 ,!re is some?+ /rongly educational & discipl9>y 9 ! m]e deal+ ) matt]1 :e!r x be 9 ! manual tra9+ s*ool1 :e!r x be 9 c>p5try1 9 ov]com+ ! inh]5t & total depravity ( inanimate ?+s1 %ap+ !m to y\r w1 & also 9 le>n+ to subject y\rself to _! w 7= sometimes y mu/ d t 9 ord] to a*ieve y\r conque/s2 9 o!r words1 y mu/ hum\r _! habits & proclivities74 ,9 all ?is !re is a priceless discipl9e1 moral z well z m5tal1 let alone ! fact t1 9 :atev] k9d ( arti/ic "w a man does1 he is do+ t :i* 9 ! v work+ has 9 x an elem5t ( some?+ outside ( egoism2 ev5 if he is do+ x = motives n v altrui/ic1 he is work+ t[>d a result ! end ( :i* is ! gratification or ! b5efit ( o!r p]sons ?an himself2 he is work+ t[>d "s result :i* 9 a measure dep5ds ^u _! approval1 & to t ext5t t5ds to br+ him into clos] relations to 8 fell[ man4 ,9 ! future1 to an ev5 great] ext5t ?an 9 ! rec5t pa/1 crude lab\r w be replac$ by me*anical contrivances4 ,! k9d ( lab\r :i* c comm& its price is ! k9d :i* has tra9$ intellig5ce beh9d x4 ,"o ( ! great ne$s ( our "t is ! multiplication ( skill$ & special lab\r4 ,! dem& = ! products ( intellig5ce is f> great] ?an t = m]e crude products ( lab\r1 & x w be m & m s4 ,= !re comes a "t :5 ! latt] products h satisfi$ ! limit to :i* a man c consume food & dr9k & %elt]1--^? ?+s :i* m]ely keep ! animal alive4 ,b to ^? ?+s :i* m9i/] to ! requirem5ts ( ! spiritual side ( a man !re is almo/ no limit4 ,! dem& "o c conceive is well-nigh inf9ite4 ,"o ( ! philosophical ?+s t h be5 said1 9 discrim9at+ man f ! l[] animals1 is t he is ! "o creature :o is nev] satisfi$4 ,x is well = him t he is s1 t !re is always some?+ m = :i* he craves4 ,to my m9d1 ?is fact mo/ /rongly h9ts t man is inf9itely m ?an a m]e animate ma*9e4 ,may1 #ahie4 ,v ,,! ,,orig9s ,,( ,,lib]al ,,?\ght ,,9 ,,am]ica#ag ,9 approa*+ ! subject ( ! orig9s ( lib]al ?\ght 9 ,am]ica1 "o _c help rememb]+ t ! discov]y ( ! new cont95t 0 itself su* a /imulus to free ?9k+ z ! _w _h nev] be=e witness$4 ,f "t immemorial1 ! trade betwe5 ,europe & ! remote p>ts ( ,asia _h foll[$ c]ta9 cu/om>y r\tes4 ,f anci5t days1 long be=e ,olympiads 7 he>d (1 :5 ,assyrian k+s ) curly be>ds commemorat$ _! victories 9 arr[-head$ inscriptions1 m5 _h us$ ^? same r\tes4 ,up ! ,r$ ,sea1 9 ! e>ly prime ( hundr$-gat$ ,!bes1 came %ips f ! ,indian ,ocean1 ) gems & spices to ex*ange = ,egyptian f9e l95s & amulets ( amb] f ! ,baltic2 & five ?\s& ye>s lat] ,v5etian argosies at ,alex&ria 7 lad5 ) j su* gems & spices to di/ribute to ! m]*ants ( ,augsburg1 ! royal h\sehold at ,p>is1 ! lords & ladies ( ,haddon ,hall4 ,empires rose & fell1 cre$s & pan!ons came & w5t1 /ately temples re>$ _! heads = c5turies & sl[ly crumbl$ 9 ru9s1 & /ill amid all ! secul> *ange ! _w's great /ream ( trade fl[$ ?r\gh ! same un%ift+ *annels1 & !re 0 no?+ to %[ t ?is /ate ( ?+s1 to :i* m5's ideas & habits _h always be5 adju/$1 0 n to endure =ev]4 ,s x 0 9 t rec5t "t :5 ,h5ry ,v4 ( ,engl& 0 smit+ ! ,fr5* *ivalry at ,ag9c\rt1 & 8 c\s9 ,pr9ce ,h5ry ( ,portugal 0 beg9n+ ! se>* = an ocean r\te to ! ,indies4 ,nev] did ! human m9d get su* a wr5* out ( its anci5t grooves1 nev] 7 su* vi/as ( new possibilities laid op51 nev] 0 beheld su* glori\s h>dihood1 su* />tl+ romance1 z 9 ! "t :5 ,columbus sail$ we/w>d to f9d ! ,ea/1 & ,cortes met w>riors ( ! ,/one ,age face to face4 ,! m5 ( ,europe sudd5ly f\nd !mselves plac$ 9 new & unsuspect$ relations to ! planet on :i* !y liv$2 worlds ( b>b>ism & savag]y1 unhe>d ( & unspeakably biz>re1 7 br\ght to _! notice2 /range con/ellations arose 9 ! firmam5t2 /range bea/s & birds 7 enc\nt]$ amid outl&i% trees & %rubs 9 new climates beyond unkn[n seas4 ,! old famili>ity ) nature's aspects receiv$ an abrupt %ock4 ,on e side loom$ up new que/ions to be answ]$1 new practical problems to be solv$4 ,all man's inv5tive faculty1 all 8 pati5t inquisitiv5ess1 all ! c\rage he c\ld summon1 7 =?) call$ into play4 ,! dreams ( b\ndless ri*es1 ! eag] ?ir/ = new k1 ! sup]human brav]y1 :i* *>act]iz$ ! epo* ( m>itime discov]y1 are symptoms t reveal to u ! highly wr\ght condition ( ! ,european m9d at ! "t4 ,a /udy ( contempor>y *ronicles & lett]s _c fail to br+ home to u ! s+ul> int5sity ) :i* ! ?rill ( v5turesome romance 0 felt 9 e fibre ( man's be+4 ,! impulse ?us giv5 to free ?9k+ mu/ h be5 extremely p[]ful4 ,x is cu/om>y to attribute ! brilliant effloresc5ce ( ! human m9d 9 ! sixte5? c5tury to ! revival ( ,greek le>n+4 ,)\t seek+ to dim9i% ! respect due to t mighty cause1 x may be cont5d$ t ! influ5ce ( m>itime discov]y 0 equally important4 ,:ile ! ,greek r5aissance br\ght m5 into :olesome & /imulat+ int]c\rse ) ! highe/ a*ievem5ts ( lit]ature1 art1 & philosophy1 ! discov]y ( ! ,new ,_w impress$ ^u !m1 z no?+ _h ev] done be=e1 ! feasibl5ess ( do+ ?+s 9 novel ways4 ,) ! :olesale displacem5t ( comm]cial relations1 ! ,european m9d bur/ ! b\nds ( ! snug little _w to :i* its habits & !ories1 its politics civil & ecclesia/ical1 its sci5ce & its !ology1 _h be5 adapt$4 ,! sudd5 & unprec$5t$ wid5+ ( ! environm5t soon set up a g5]al f]m5tation ( ideas4 ,!re 0 no?+ accid5tal 9 ,m>t9 ,lu!r's com+ 9 ! next g5]ation aft] ,columbus4 ,nor 0 x /range t 9 ! foll[+ age ! ,engli% m9d1 wr\ght to its highe/ t5sion "u ! comb9$ influ5ces ( ,r5aissance1 ,re=mation1 & m>itime adv5ture1 %\ld h put =? a lit]ature ! bolde/ & gr&e/ t _h ev] appe>$2 t ! era ( ,raleigh & ,frobi%] & ! e>ly ,puritans %\ld h se5 ev5 ! highe/ m>k ( ,greek a*ievem5t surpass$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,! gigantic revolution set on foot by ,cop]nicus 0 already 9 full progress1 ! era ( ,desc>tes 0 j arriv+1 & ! next c5tury 0 to see mod]n sci5tific me?od receive its supreme illu/ration at ! h&s ( ,newton1 :ile ! pr9ciples ( fre$om 9 ?\ght & spee* 7 to f9d inv9cible *ampions 9 ,milton & ,locke4 ,su* 0 ! age 9 :i* ! "w ( ,engli% colonization 9 ,am]ica 0 beg9n+4 ,9 look+ = ! orig9s ( lib]al ?\ght 9 ,am]ica1 x is *iefly ) ,engli%-speak+ ,am]ica t we are conc]n$4 ,! ,spani% m9d1 inde$1 felt /rongly ! /imulus ( ! m>itime discov]ies & ! contact ) /range races ( m51 until an age ( *ivalr\s ent]prise bloom$ =? 9 ! lit]ature ( ,cald]on & ,lope de ,vega & ,c]vantes2 b ! new _s 0 n /rong en\gh to prevail ov] an ecclesia/ical organization t _h be5 gr[+ 9 p[] s9ce ! ,visigo?ic times4 ,! high] intellectual life ( ,spa9 p]i%$ 9 ! fires ( ! ,inquisition1 & art & song fail$ to lead ! way to sci5ce & free ?\ght2 no ,spani% ,locke or ,newton foll[$ 9 ! tra9 ( a ,lope & a ,murillo1 b s lately z ! ye> #agga ! ,univ]sity ( ,salamanca prohibit$ ! tea*+ ( ! law ( gravitation z discordant ) reveal$ religion4#ah ,) su* a /ate ( ?+s 9 ! "m c\ntry1 lib]al ?\ght 9 ! ,spani% colonies 0 a plant ( v sl[ gr[?4 ,z = ,france at ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 !re 0 a /urdy intellectual life !re :i* no ef=ts ( tyranny c\ld m ?an p>tially repress2 b circum/ances ?rew ! "w ( colonization into ! h&s ( ! ,jesuits1 & accord+ly ! hi/ory ( ,new ,france1 :ile em95t = devot$ brav]y & h]oic endurance1 %[s sc>cely a trace ( lib]al ?9k+ ei!r 9 politics or 9 matt]s p]ta9+ to religion4 ,n ) ! ,fr5* & ,spani% portions ( ,am]ica1 !re=e1 b ) ! colonies t develop$ into ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 is our inquiry conc]n$4 ,! fir/ & mo/ obvi\s consid]ation :i* /rikes u is t :ile ! two c5turies foll[+ ! discov]y ( ,am]ica witness$ an unprec$5t$ awak5+ ( ! ,european m9d1 yet x 0 only ) ^? nations t _h reta9$ self-gov]nm5t t ?is intellectual awak5+ 0 to come to prompt & full fruition4 ,f ! ,briti% isl&s & ! ,ne!rl&s came ! k9d ( public policy t all[$ free ?9k+ to take deep root & s5d up a ?rifty tree ( lib]ty4 ,! plant+ ( su* se$ 9 ! spaci\s virg9 soil ( ! ,new ,_w 0 d\btless ! greate/ ( all ! manifold un=ese5 results = :i* ,columbus op5$ ! way4 ,x made political fre$om ! /ronge/ p[] on e>?1 & ?us fav\r$ ! atta9m5t ( t equable flexibility ( m9d :i* all[s ! ?\ght to play freely ab\t ! facts :i* are laid be=e x4 ,n 9 a mom5t 0 su* a gr& result a*iev$2 its complete realization has n yet come1 & none ( u may live to see x1 yet t[>d t goal ! :ole impetus ( m5's civiliz+ "w is t5d+1 & !re is no p[] t c prev5t ! consummation4 ,ye> by ye>1 no matt] h[ grave ! que/ions ) :i* we h to deal1 we are becom+ m & m able to let our m9ds play freely ) !m1 to turn !m hi!r & ?i!r till all sides be se5 & all aspects duly consid]$4 ,n all 9 a mom5t1 ,i say1 has su* a desirable result be5 a*iev$4 ,s f> is x1 moreov]1 f hav+ be5 br\ght ab\t by consci\s human ef=t t mank9d h 9 g5]al /ruggl$ desp]ately aga9/ x4 ,comp>$ ) ! mass ( m51 x is only a few m9ds t h le>n$ to reg>d absolute fre$om ( ?\ght z some?+ to be desir$4 ,?\gh ! colonization ( ,am]ica came at a "t :5 m5's m9ds 7 /irr$ by novel ideas z nev] be=e1 ?\gh ! m5 ( t g5]ation 7 mov+ irrepressibly t[>d lib]ality ( ?\ght1 yet !re 7 v few :o _h any lik+ = lib]al ?\ght1 or any good ^w to be/[ ^u x4 ,!re 7 few :o d\bt$ t absolute tru? 0 atta9able conc]n+ ! mo/ ab/ruse que/ions ( philosophy & religion1 & an exactly true belief on m9ute po9ts ( !ology 0 deem$ necess>y = "o's p]sonal salvation4 ,*anges 9 op9ion simply wr\ght a transf] ( allegiance f "o or?odoxy to ano!r1 & ! new or?odoxy felt b\nd z mu* z ! old "o to p]secute all :o refus$ su* allegiance4 ,f ?is po9t ( view ! hi/ory ( ! progress ( lib]al ?\ght becomes curi\sly int]e/+1 = x %[s h[ "o ( ! mo/ mom5t\s revolutions 9 human life has /eadily gone on 9 spite ( ! invet]ate antagonism ( ! v m5 conc]n$ 9 br++ x ab\t6 ,to a consid]able ext5t1 ! hi/ory has be5 ! same ov] a l>ge "p ( ! globe4 ,! causes :i* h be5 at "w 9 ,am]ica h also be5 at "w 9 ,europe1 & ev5 beyond2 & ! lib]al ?\ght ) :i* we are famili> is *>act]i/ic n s mu* ( ,am]ica z ( ! latt] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,b along ) ! g5]al causes !re h be5 local causes :i* h especially conc]n$ ! ,new ,_w1 & a cle> acc\nt ( ! matt] requires u to indicate bo? ! "o & ! o!r4 ,f ! revolt ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 aga9/ ! ,papacy d[n to ! ,revolution ( #afhh1 !re 0 9 ,engl& a progressive movem5t t[>d lib]al ?\ght4 ,x 0 at fir/ a crude unconsci\s movem5t 9 ! direction ( tol]ation1 :i* is a necess>y condition = ! developm5t ( free ?9k+4 ,:5 we h arriv$ at a truly cordial tol]ation ( op9ions1 all[+ to all free play to /& or fall1 j z hypo!ses 9 sci5ce are suff]$ to /& or fall1 !n is m5's ?\ght = ! fir/ "t really untrammell$4 ,:atev]1 !re=e1 t5d$ t[>d tol]ation ( div]se =ms ( cre$ or wor%ip 0 a /ep 9 ! pa? t l$ to free ?9k+2 & :atev] t5d$ to democratize ! *ur* & relieve x f /ate control 0 a /ep t[>d tol]ation4 ,! revolt ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 at fir/ b realiz$ :at ! prmunire /atutes ( ,edw>d ,i4 & ,edw>d ,,iii4 _h ?reat5$4 ,b by break+ up ! religi\s ord]s1 expell+ abbots f ,p>liam5t1 & mak+ ! head%ip ( ! *ur* a subject ( fi]ce dispute1 x contribut$ imm5sely to weak5 & relax ! bonds ( cons]vatism1 & x af=d$ a r>e opportunity = ! ?\ghts ( laym5 & small prea*]s to ass]t !mselves4 ,?us ! ,loll>dism :i* _h be5 p>tially suppress$ = m ?an a c5tury n[ re>$ its head aga9 defiantly1 &1 aft] le>n+ lessons 9 democracy f ,calv91 came =? z ,puritanism1 clad 9 full panoply = "o ( ! _w's mo/ fateful conte/s4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ,elizabe?'s reign we f9d ?is ,puritanism tak+ ?ree diff]5t %apes4 ,!re 7 ! mod]ate re=m]s1 ^: wi% 0 simply to trim & prune ! tree ( ,episcopacy2 & secondly1 ^? :o 7 aft]w>d kn[n z root & bran* m51 ^: "n is descriptive en\gh4 ,in/ead ( prun+ !y w\ld uproot ! tree & ca/ x away4 ,to ^! ,presbyt]ians ! royal supremacy 0 no m ?an ! papal a "p ( ! liv+ gr[? ( ,*ri/'s *ur*2 x 0 b /ubble fit = burn+4 ,k+s look$ ) horror ^u su* views1 :i* ?reat5$ political dang] no less ?an ecclesia/ical4 ,a ,scotti% presbyt]y1 cri$ ,james ,i41 agree? z well ) a mon>*y z ,god & ! ,devil4 ,!n ,jack & ,tom & ,w & ,dick %all meet1 & at _! pleasures c5sure me & my c\ncil & all our proce$+s4 ,! case c\ld n h be5 m pi?ily /at$1 yet ev5 ,presbyt]ianism /opp$ %ort ( full-fl$g$ democracy4 ,= ,jack & 8 fri5ds1 by means ( synods & g5]al assemblies1 c\ld create a gov]n+ body ) p[] ( en=c+ con=mity ^u unwill+ congregations4 ,9 prote/ aga9/ ?is some:at olig>*ical me?od1 ,puritanism assum$ its ?ird =m1 t ( ,indep5d5cy4 ,! beg9n+s ( ,indep5d5cy are to be s\ght among ! ,br[ni/s ( ,elizabe?'s reign1 ?\gh _! day ( glory fir/ came ) ! ,civil ,w>4 ,9 ! !ory ( ! ,indep5d5ts1 z fully develop$1 any gr\p ( p]sons wi%+ to wor%ip ,god 9 common might come toge!r & organize !mselves into a ,congregational *ur*1 exi/+ by z good a w>rant z any o!r *ur*1 & entirely free f ! control ( any bi%op1 or synod1 or c\ncil4 ,no outside p[] c\ld prescribe its cre$ or int]f]e ) its c]emonial4 ,ea* *ur* became1 !re=e1 a little self-gov]n+ republic1 z completely autonom\s z an anci5t ,greek city1 & ! union ( su* *ur*es 0 bas$ solely ^u ! _s ( spontane\s ,*ri/ian fell[%ip4 ,su* 0 ! !ory ( ,indep5d5cy4 ,9 ^! successive /ages ( ,prote/antism we may see ! prelim9>y /eps t[>d g5]al tol]ation & t[>d lib]al ?\ght4 ,9 ea* /age ! /r5g? ( ! co]cive p[] t c\ld be ex]cis$ ov] m5's op9ions & expressions ( op9ion 0 s5sibly dim9i%$4 ,f ! co]cive p[] ( ! univ]sal ,*ur*1 :i* _h once be5 able to direct a crusade aga9/ ! ,albig5ses1 x 0 a long /ep d[nw>d to ! co]cive p[] ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ^: w to suppress ,puritanism 0 p]petually held 9 *eck by motives ( public policy4 ,x 0 a yet fur!r /ep d[nw>d f ! co]cive p[] ( a sov]eign to t ( a synod1 & !nce aga9 to t ( a congregation4 ,s /rik+ is ! progress t "o :o knew no?+ ( hi/ory might easily mi/ake ! !ory ( ,indep5d5cy z provid+ practically = some?+ l complete tol]ation4 ,hi/ory tells u t ?is 0 f> f be+ ! case4 ,h]esy1 or diss5t f ! commonly accept$ or?odoxy1 has be5 no m tol]at$ 9 ,indep5d5t *ur*es ?an else:]e2 & ev5 9 ! abs5ce ( s]i\s diff]5ces 9 dogma1 p]secution has be5 visit$ ^u div]g5ces f ! cu/om>y ritual1 z = example 9 ! treatm5t long accord$ to ,bapti/s4 ,9 _! militant days1 nei!r ,presbyt]ianism nor ,indep5d5cy ev] pr(ess$ to be tol]ant4 ,! grave/ reproa* !y c\ld imag9e 0 to be *>g$ ) enc\rag+ free ?9k+4 ,! em95t ,scotti% div9e ,ru!r=d gave expression to ! prevail+ s5tim5t :5 he decl>$1 ,we reg>d tol]ation ( all religions z n f> remov$ f blasphemy4 ,nev]!less1 ! movem5t :i* gave rise to ,presbyt]ianism & to ,indep5d5cy 0 sure to advance to ! ann\ncem5t ( ! pr9ciple ( univ]sal tol]ation4 ,t movem5t 0 itself ! expression ( a va/ am\nt ( free ?9k+1 & x 0 n to /op %ort ( recogniz+ ! claims ( free ?\ght4 ,! c5tury t witness$ ! beg9n+s ( an ,engli%-speak+ ,am]ica saw also ! g5u9e pr9ciples ( tol]ation laid d[n by ,rog] ,williams & ,william ,p5n1 & demon/rat$ ) resi/less weal? ( le>n+ & logic by ,milton & ,locke4 ,9 an acc\nt ( ! orig9s ( lib]al ?\ght 9 ,am]ica ?is ,engli% developm5t is all-important1 b x does n cov] ! :ole field4 ,am]ica's inh]itance f ,europe comes *iefly1 b n entirely1 f ! ,briti% isl&s4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation1 !re 7 ,european c\ntries 9 :i* religi\s tol]ation _h advanc$ practically mu* fur!r ?an 9 ,engl&4 ,! ,engl& ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 z comp>$ ) ! ,ne!rl&s 0 9 a crude & backw>d condition4 ,! contra/ might be lik5$ to t betwe5 rural life ) its n>r[ m5tal horizon & ! v>i$ cosmopolitan life ( ! city4 ,engl& politically 0 a l& ( unrivall$ promise1 b %e 0 n q abrea/ ) ! mo/ advanc$ culture ( ! "t4 ,h] gov]nm5t 0 ma9ly 9 ! h&s ( c\ntry g5tlem51 :o lack$ "s valuable elem5ts ( exp]i5ce t 7 possess$ by ! burgh]s ( comm]cial ,antw]p & ,gh5t4 ,a c>eful survey ( ! ,middle ,ages %[s pla9ly an abid+ antagonism betwe5 comm]ce & ! ecclesia/ical _s4 ,a g5]al connection betwe5 ! pr$om9ance ( int]national trade & ! secul>ization ( public life is di/9ctly traceable4 ,on ! map ( m$ival ,europe "o may po9t out peculi> spots :]e ! ,papacy nev] ga9$ complete sway4 ,9 "s ( ^!1 z 9 ,bohemia & s\!rn ,gaul1 ! resi/ance 0 due to ,mani*an h]esies br\ght 9 f ! ,ea/]n ,empire1 giv+ rise to a k9d ( m$ival ,puritanism2 9 ^! we d n f9d a _s ( lib]al ?\ght develop$1 b r an anti-,ca?olic fanaticism4 ,! o!r peculi> spots lie 9 ! great pa?way ( comm]ce betwe5 ! ,levant & ! nor!rn seas4 ,9 ! free cities ( nor!rn ,italy & s\!rn ,g]many1 9 ! ,hansa t[ns1 & 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 prie/craft _h less sway ?an else:]e1 & ! g5]al tone ( ?\ght 0 m lib]al & mod]n4 ,no city came s completely "u ! secul>iz+ influ5ces ( m>itime comm]ce z ,v5ice2 & x is significant t ! ,papacy1 at ! v p9nacle ( its p[] & arrogance 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 utt]ly fail$ 9 its attempt to =ce ! ,inquisition ^u t republic ( m]*ants4 ,9 simil> wise1 we f9d ! comm]cial ,ne!rl&s 9 ! sixte5? c5tury exhibit+ practically su* tol]ation 9 matt]s ( religion z ! ,briti% isl&s atta9$ only mu* lat]1 & aft] prolong$ & di/ress+ /ruggle4 ,f ! "t ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 comm]cial int]c\rse ) ! great ,dut* & ,flemi% cities 0 "o ( ! mo/ pot5t civiliz+ influ5ces at "w 9 ,engl&4 ,x 0 a lib]aliz+ influ5ce 9 religion & 9 politics1 & mu/ be nam$ among ! causes :i* made ! ea/]n c\nties prem95t = h]esy4 ,9 lat] days1 :5 ! ,dut* prov9ces _h sav$ _! ,prote/antism & recov]$ political fre$om1 !y adopt$ a policy ( tol]ation s broad z to seem to mo/ contempor>ies v ecc5tric4 ,_! noble c\ntry 0 /igmatiz$ z ! common h>b\r ( all h]esies & a cage ( unclean birds4 ,h[ x h>b\r$ h]etics escap+ f ,engl& is some?+ t no ,am]ican is ev] likely to =get4 ,if1 aft] ?is glance at ,european conditions1 we cross ! ,atlantic & obs]ve ! gr\p ( twelve colonies t 7 plant$ dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury1 we f9d t five ( !m 7 especially notable = pursu+ f ! outset a policy ( tol]ation1--a policy fav\rable to lib]al ?\ght4 ,^! five1 nam+ !m 9 ord] ( s5iority1 7 ,new ,ne!rl&1 ,m>yl&1 ,rhode ,isl&1 & ,p5nsylvania1 ) ,delaw>e4 ,9 ,new ,ne!rl& ! ,dut* simply ma9ta9$ _! traditional secul>iz$ policy4 ,on ! hospitable isl& ( ,manhattan all ! v>ieties ( ,european religion met on t]ms ( equality1--,lu!rans & ,ca?olics1 ,quak]s#ai & ,puritans1 ,moravians & ,jews4 ,aft] ! ,engli% conque/ ?is lib]al policy 0 cont9u$ by ! bigot$ ,duke ( ,york1 = reasons simil> to ^? :i* made tol]ation a necessity 9 ! prov9ce ( ! lib]al & sagaci\s ,calv]ts4 ,! ,ca?olic proprietors ( ,m>yl& wi%$ to make _! prov9ce a desirable home = ,ca?olics :o 7 incl9$ to leave ,engl&1 & ! only possible way ( accompli%+ ?is1 )\t int]f]5ce f ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 0 to pursue a policy broad en\gh to include ,ca?olics along ) all o!r k9ds ( ,*ri/ians 9 its b5efits4 ,a simil> necessity confront$ ,*>les ,,ii4 & ,james ,,ii4 ,9 ord] to secure z mu* protection z possible = ,ca?olics )\t int]f]5ce f ,p>liam5t1 x 0 necess>y to pursue a policy broad en\gh to include ,quak]s along ) ,ca?olics4 ,= su* reasons ,james refra9$ f di/urb+ ! lib]al ,dut* policy 9 ,new ,york4 ,= su* reasons bo? ,/u>t k+s support$ ! s*emes ( ,william ,p5n1 9 ^: propriet>y colonies ( ,p5nsylvania & ,delaw>e ! pr9ciples ( tol]ation 7 c>ri$ out1 on ! :ole1 m completely ?an any:]e else 9 ,engli%-speak+ ,am]ica4 ,x is int]e/+ 9 ?is connection to obs]ve t ! "m ( ,william ,p5n 0 a ,dut* lady1 ?\gh p]haps x is possible to make too mu* ( su* a fact4 ,! ,quak]s1 :o =m$ ! /r5g? ( ! colony1 repres5t$ a phase ( ,puritanism m lib]al ?an ,indep5d5cy4 ,z contra/$ ) ,indep5d5cy1 ,quak]ism 0 a notable advance 9 ! direction ( ,individualism2 x _h outgr[n ! set ( notions accord+ to :i* a civic community ought to consi/ ( a unit$ body ( believ]s4 ,p5nsylvania1 !re=e1 & its app5dage ,delaw>e1 pr(it$ by ! late date at :i* !y 7 f\nd$2 !y repres5t$ a m advanc$ /age ( op9ion ?an ! colonies :i* />t$ 9 ! "t ( ,james ,i4 ,_! propriet>y gov]nm5t rema9$ undi/urb$ until ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 & 9 #aggf ^! two /ates 7 ! only ones 9 :i* all ,*ri/ians1 :e!r ,prote/ant or ,ca?olic1 /ood socially & politically on an equal foot+4 ,= aft] ! accession ( ,william & ,m>y _h made ! ,episcopal ,*ur* supreme 9 ,new ,york & ,m>yl&1 ! ,ca?olic inhabitants ( ^? colonies 7 disfran*is$ & made ! subject ( v>i\s oppressive enactm5ts4 ,ev5 ! laws ( ,rhode ,isl&1 z fir/ pr9t$1 e>ly 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 expressly prohibit ,roman ,ca?olics f vot+4 ,! date ( ?is /atute is n accurately kn[n1 b x 0 c]ta9ly betwe5 #afhh & #agje1bj & may be due to ! /rong antagonism ar\s$ by ! conduct ( ,james ,,ii4 & 8 ,jacobites4 ,h[ev] t may be1 ! /atute 0 n repeal$ until #aghd4 ,! disfran*isem5t ( ,ca?olics 0 contr>y to ! _s ( ! ,rhode ,isl& *>t] & to ! views ( ,rog] ,williams1 :o c]ta9ly und]/ood ! rational gr\nds = religi\s tol]ation bett] ?an any o!r man ( 8 "t1 save p]haps ,milton & ,vane4 ,he repres5ts ! ,prote/ant pr9ciple ( ! sacr$ "r ( private judgm5t c>ri$ out ) unfl9*+ logical consi/5cy4 ,9 him ! transition f ,indep5d5cy to ,individualism is complet$4 ,! contra/ betwe5 ! two is illu/rat$ 9 ! controv]sy betwe5 ,williams & ,cotton :i* 0 call$ =? by ! publication 9 #afdd ( ,williams's book entitl$ ,! ,bl\dy ,t55t ( ,p]secution4 ,john ,cotton 0 a typical ,indep5d5t1 & by no means a man ( p]secut+ temp]am5t1 b 8 view ( ! matt] is extremely "o-sid$4 ,he admits t x is wrong = error to p]secute tru?1 b he holds x to be ! sacr$ duty ( tru? to p]secute error6 ,williams1 on ! o!r h&1 sees t tru? /&s 9 no ne$ ( viol5t or artificial support1 & t error conta9s )9 itself ! se$s ( dea?4 ,he feels1 too1 t :5 ,i v5ture to p]secute :at ,i call error 9 o!rs1 ,i virtually assume my own infallibility4 ,?us n until pure ,individualism is rea*$ is ! fundam5tal fallacy ( ,ca?olicism escap$4 ,9 ord] to protect ?is sacr$ ,individualism1 ,williams w\ld h a complete sep>ation betwe5 *ur* & /ate4 ,"u no pretext :atev] %\ld ! civil gov]nm5t int]f]e ) religi\s matt]s4 ,!re %\ld be no m /atutes aga9/ h]esy or h]etics1 no en=c$ att5dance ^u public wor%ip1 no support ( *ur*es by taxation4 ,rog] ,williams n only proclaim$ su* doctr9es1 b he liv$ up to !m4 ,he nev] took pa9s to conceal 8 dislike ( ,quak] doctr9es2 9 8 sev5ty-?ird ye> he once r[$ himself 9 a boat ! :ole l5g? ( ,n>ragansett ,bay1 9 ord] to conduct a dispute aga9/ ?ree valiant ,quak] *ampions2 yet1 9 spite ( vehem5t pressure f ! neighb\r+ colonies1 he resolutely refus$ to all[ ! civil p[] ( ,rhode ,isl& to be us$ aga9/ ,quak]s4 ,massa*usetts 9 fury ?reat5$ to cut (f ! trade ( ! weak] colony1 b no?+ c\ld intimidate ,williams into :at he t]m$ ex]cis+ a civil p[] ov] m5's consci5ces4 ,among ! public m5 ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ,rog] ,williams des]ves a prem95t place2 he 0 ! fir/ to conceive ?or\ghly & c>ry out consi/5tly1 9 ! face ( /rong opposition1 a !ory ( religi\s lib]ty broad en\gh to w9 ass5t & approval f advanc$ ?9k]s ( ! pres5t day4 ,! sep>ation ( *ur* f /ate1 :i* 0 effect$ ) su* rem>kable success 9 ! f\nd+ ( ,rhode ,isl&1 did n become g5]al 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates until aft] ! w9n+ ( indep5d5ce4 ,on ?is issue ! eighte5? c5tury _h its memorable /ruggle1 9 :i* ! protagoni/ 0 ,virg9ia1 & ! victory 0 a*iev$ "u ! lead]%ip ( ,jeff]son & ,madison4 ,! e>ly policy ( ,virg9ia 0 to drive out diss5ti5ts1 or subject !m to civil disabilities2 & ( ! ,puritans :o w5t ?i!r = a :ile ! great] "p left ! colony1 _m ( !m retreat+ into tol]ant ,m>yl&4 ,aft] #affj1 = ?ree g5]ations ! ,episcopal folk _h x all _! own way4 ,b ab\t #agbj began ! :olesale immigration ( ,presbyt]ians & ,lu!rans into ! ,%5&oah ,valley1 & aft] ! middle ( ! c5tury tr\ble began :5 ! tide-wat] ,cavali]s tri$ to impose taxes ^u ^! p = ! support ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4 ,! mo/ num]\s & p[]ful oppon5ts ( ?is n>r[ policy 7 ! ,presbyt]ians2 & inasmu* z ^! _h come1 n f ,scotl& :]e _! own *ur* 0 e/abli%$1 b f ,irel& :]e x 0 p]secut$1 _! exp]i5ce _h l$ !m to approve ! sep>ation ( *ur* f /ate4 ,_! political notions 7 also /rongly democratic1 & ) ! aid ( _! votes ,jeff]son's p>ty n only aboli%$ primog5iture & entail & o!r old ,engli% cu/oms1 b also c>ri$ ! dise/abli%m5t ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur* 9 ,virg9ia4 ,madison's ,religi\s ,fre$om ,act ( #aghe1 :i* n only effect$ ?is1 b likewise did away ) all religi\s te/s1 is a v important ev5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! /atute1 :i* decl>$ t op9ion 9 matt]s ( religion %all 9 no wise dim9i%1 enl>ge1 or affect civil capacities1 attract$ att5tion f> & wide2 x 0 translat$ into sev]al ,european languages1 & publi%$ ) admir+ comm5ts2 & 9 ! c\rse ( ! next =ty ye>s x 0 imitat$ by "o /ate aft] ano!r1 until all ov] ! l& religi\s fre$om came to be almo/ z complete z legislation c\ld make x4 ,! qualify+ adv]b is /ill ne$$2 =1 by ! con/itutions ( ,p5nsylvania & ,t5nessee1 no man c hold (fice unless he believes 9 ,god & a future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts2 9 ,texas1 ,arkansas1 ,mississippi1 ! two ,c>ol9as1 & ,m>yl&1 belief 9 ,god is requir$2 & 9 ,arkansas & ,m>yl& a man :o does n believe 9 ,god & a future /ate ( retribution is deem$ incompet5t z a witness or juror4#ba ,su* curiosities ( law-mak+--survivals f a l[] /ate1 l ! caudal v]tebra 9 man & ! high] apes--are common en\gh 9 hi/ory4 ,! v>i\s /ages "h m5tion$ 9 ! progress t[>d religi\s tol]ation1 & t[>d ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate1 are important symptoms ( ! progress ( lib]al ?\ght4 ,( c\rse ,madison's ,religi\s ,fre$om ,act c\ld n h be5 propos$ by an ,endicott1 or su/a9$ by a community t w\ld n endure ! pres5ce ( ,bapti/s or ,quak]s4 ,! sket* "h giv5 %[s an enorm\s advance 9 lib]al ?\ght 9 ! c\rse ( two c5turies & a half4 ,b su* a survey is f> f tell+ u ! :ole /ory4 ,a fur!r inquiry into causal ag5cies is ne$$1 & ! be/ field = x is furni%$ by t !ocratic ,puritanism :i* ca/ out ,rog] ,williams1--! ,puritanism ( ! f\r conf$]at$ ,new ,engl& colonies1 & especially ( ,massa*usetts4 ,no "o c d5y t 9 ,massa*usetts1 dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury1 lib]al ?\ght has advanc$ fur!r & has p]meat$ ! community m ?or\ghly ?an 9 any o!r /ate ( ! ,am]ican ,union4 ,= at lea/ ?ree g5]ations ! intellectual f]m5t ^u :i* lib]al ?\ght 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has ?riv5 has come *iefly f ,massa*usetts4 ,yet among our colonies :i* atta9$ social maturity dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury !re 0 none :i* made su* emphatic exhibitions ( intol]ance & bigotry z ,massa*usetts4 ,%e 0 z cle>ly & av[$ly f\nd$ ^u an illib]al pr9ciple z ,rhode ,isl& 0 f\nd$ ^u a pr9ciple ( lib]ality4 ,! ,endicott type ( m9d is ! v antipodes ( ! ,rog] ,williams type2 yet x 0 9 ! l& ( ,endicott1 & 9 a cong5ial soil1 t ,!odore ,p>k] lately fl\ri%$4 ,:5ce came s great a *ange8 ,! answ] w rem9d u t !re are two s\rces f :i* lib]al ?\ght is n\ri%$4 ,! "o is ! secul>iz$ ,gallio _s t deems x folly to int]pose ob/acles 9 ! way ( ! natural work+ ( reason & common s5se2 ! o!r is ! int5se devotion to spiritual ideals :i*1 9 spite ( all inh]it$ encumbrances ( bigotry & sup]/ition1 nev] ca/s (f its allegiance to reason z ! f9al arbit]4 ,! =m] _s is ( va/ use 9 ! _w1 al?\gh its t5d5cy is to dead5 into m]e worldl9ess z typifi$ 9 a ,frankl92 ! latt] _s may commit _m an error1 b its drift is t[>d light & /imulus & exaltation ( life z typifi$ 9 an ,em]son4 ,9 ! d>ke/ days ( ,new ,engl& ,puritanism ! p>am\nt allegiance to reason 0 nev] lo/ sight (2 & out ( ?is fact came ! triumph ( free ?9k+1 al?\gh no su* result 0 ev] int5d$4 ,! aims ( ! ,puritans :o settl$ 9 ,new ,engl& 7 n all alike1 b "o dom9ant aim ) _m 0 ! f\nd+ ( a commonweal? 9 :i* *ur* & /ate %\ld be id5tifi$1 some:at aft] ! patt]n ( ! old ,hebrew !ocracy4 ,to ?is end ! suffrage 9 ,massa*usetts & ,new ,hav5 0 limit$ to p]sons qualifi$ to receive ! sacram5t 9 ,congregational *ur*es4 ,?is ,massa*usetts idea 0 nev] adopt$ by ,plym\?1 & ! f\nd+ ( ,connecticut 0 at lea/ 9 "p a lib]al prote/ aga9/ x4 ,9 ,new ,hav5 x 0 soon suppress$ by ! act ( ,*>les ,,ii4 :i* put an end to ! sep>ate exi/5ce ( ! colony4 ,9 ,massa*usetts1 :]e ?is !ocratic policy prevail$ = half a c5tury1 ! result 0 ! gr[? ( an un5fran*is$ class :i* came to include f\r fif?s ( ! community4 ,dur+ ! fir/ g5]ation1 :5 ! policy 0 adm9i/]$ by broad-m9d$1 sagaci\s m5 l ,w9?rop & ,cotton1 its evils 7 n flagrant4 ,b aft] #afej1 ) su* fanatics z ,norton & ! ag$ ,endicott at ! helm1 x soon became evid5t t ! rul]s 7 at v>iance on _m po9ts ) ! mass ( ! p4 ,?is 0 %[n ) gl>+ =ce 9 ! ,quak] p]secution1 :5 ! viol5ce ( ,endicott's p>ty produc$ a popul> reaction ( feel+1 :i* enabl$ ! ,quak]s to c>ry _! po9t & rema9 9 ! colony 9 defiance ( /atutes4 ,x 0 fur!r %[n 9 ! ,half-way ,cov5ant & ! f\nd+ ( ! ,old ,s\? ,*ur* 9 #affi1 z p>ts ( a movem5t t[>d ext5d+ ! suffrage2 & aga9 9 ! rise ( ! ,tory p>ty "u ! lead ( ,joseph ,dudley1 oppos$ to ! pret5sions ( ! cl]gy4 ,! magnific5t "w ( ! ,massa*usetts !ocracy 9 resi/+ ! cr[n ?r\gh\t ! :ole reign ( ,*>les ,,ii4 c nev] be =gott54 ,no?+ 0 ev] done 9 ,am]ica t contribut$ m t[>d ! ma9t5ance ( political fre$om4 ,b 9 spite ( its m]its1 ! faults ( ! !ocracy 7 su* t we _c regret its spe$y ov]?r[4 ,:5 t ov]?r[ 0 effect$1 by ! *>t] ( #afib1 !re 7 a great _m p 9 ,massa*usetts m or less ho/ile to ! k9d ( ,puritanism ent]ta9$ by _! gr&fa!rs1 & ?us prep>$ = a m lib]al m5tal habit4 ,!re 0 also a m>k$ secul>ization ( ?\ght1 a dim9ution ( int]e/ 9 !ological problems1 & a dead5+ ( religi\s zeal4 ,a wond]ful s]ies ( *anges 0 set on foot by ! writ+s & prea*+ ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds1 & ! gr\p ( revivals betwe5 #agce & #agej kn[n z ! ,great ,awak5+4 ,few figures 9 hi/ory are m pa!tic or m sublime ?an t ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds 9 ! lonely woodl&s ( ,nor?ampton & ,/ockbridge1 a ?9k] = dep? & acut5ess surpass$ by n _m t h liv$1 a man ) ! s\l ( a poet & prophet1 wre/l+ ) ! mo/ t]rible problems t humanity has ev] enc\nt]$1 ) m ?an ! c\rage & c&\r ( ,augu/9e or ,calv91 ) all ! l(ty inspiration ( ,fi*te or ,novalis4 ,an int]e/+ hi/orical essay might be devot$ to trac+ ! effects wr\ght ^u ,new ,engl& by ?is giant p]sonality4 ,! ,great ,awak5+1 9 :i* he took "p1 & to :i* 8 prea*+ p[]fully contribut$1 reviv$ ! popul> int]e/ 9 !ological que/ions1 dis5cumb]$ ( ! ev] pres5t political implications ( ! previ\s c5tury4 ,9 _m ways 8 !ories act$ z a dis9tegrat+ solv5t ^u ! beliefs ( ! "t4 ,= example1 ! prom95ce :i* he gave to spiritual conv]sion1 or :at 0 call$ *ange ( he>t1 br\ght ab\t ! ov]?r[ ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,half-way ,cov5ant4 ,x also weak5$ ! logical basis ( infant baptism1 & l$ to ! w9n+ ( ho/s ( conv]ts by ! ,bapti/s4 ,moreov]1 ! uses to :i* ,edw>ds put 8 doctr9e ( ! w produc$ a reaction t[>d ,arm9ianism1 :i* n only affect$ ! tea*+s ( ! ,bapti/s1 b pr$ispos$ _m p]sons to jo9 9 ! wave ( ,me?odism :i* 0 j ab\t to sweep ov] ! c\ntry4 ,a simil> reaction aga9/ ,edw>ds's views ( div9e ju/ice1 re9=c$ by "s fir/ fa9t inkl+s ( ,biblical criticism1 po9t$ ! way t[>d ,univ]salism4 ,/ill m1 ! discussions ar\s$ by ,edw>ds's speculations on orig9al s9 & ! atonem5t began to und]m9e ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity & prep>e m5's m9ds = ! ,unit>ian movem5t4 ,no su* results w\ld h be5 possible save 9 a c\ntry :]e education 0 univ]sal & ! ,sunday s]mon a fav\rite !me ( discussion4 ,soon] or lat]1 ! p]petual appeal to reason1 ) ! famili> use ( metaphysical argum5ts & citations ( ,scripture1 mu/ lead to novelties ( doctr9e & to negative criticism2 :ile = ! education ( ! popul> intellig5ce no?+ c\ld be m effective4 ,9 sev5te5?-c5tury ,puritanism1 !re=e1 9 spite ( its rigid n>r[ness1 !re 7 lat5t ! speculations ( an ,edw>ds1 ! fur!r conclusions to :i* "s ( !m 7 pu%$1 ! reactions aga9/ !m1 ! ke5 edge ( ! critical faculty 9 ,new ,engl&1 & mu* ( ! free ?9k+ ( a lat] age4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! eighte5? c5tury "s influ5ce 0 d\btless ex]cis$ 9 ,am]ica by ! ,engli% dei/s1 & at ! v end ( ! c5tury by ,?omas ,pa9e4 ,!re is no reason to suppose t any appreciable effect 0 produc$ by ! a!ism ( ! ,fr5* encyclopdi/s1 :i* 0 ma9ly a reaction1 l>gely emotional & aid$ by ! %all[e/ ( metaphysics1 aga9/ ! effete ecclesia/ical sy/em 9 ,france4 ,x 0 too remote f ,am]ican ideas to ex]t mu* influ5ce "h4 ,! deism ( ,voltaire f\nd a few scatt]$ admir]s4 ,a quiet religion ( humanity1 :i* set little /ore by miracles1 or ab/ruse doctr9es1 or ! div9e au?ority ( ,scripture1 0 held by a numb] ( em95t p]sons ( /rong prosaic common s5se & feeble spirituality1 among :om may be nam$ ,frankl9 & ,jeff]son & ,john ,adams4 ,?is phase ( free ?\ght 0 ( consid]able importance1 b ! dom9ant influ5ce 9 ,new ,engl& d[n to ! rise ( ! transc5d5tal movem5t 0 t :i* c\ld be trac$ back to ,edw>ds4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t c5tury1 ! mo/ advanc$ phase ( lib]al ?\ght1 repres5t$ by ! ,unit>ians 9 ,massa*usetts1 0 try+ to hold an utt]ly unt5able position1 halfway betwe5 n>r[ or?odoxy & untrammell$ free ?9k+1 :5 ! gr\nd began to be cut f "u x by ! transc5d5tali/s1 ^: native temp]am5ts1 n want+ 9 k9%ip ) t ( ,edw>ds1 7 /imulat$ by a brief contact ) ,kantian & po/-,kantian speculation 9 ,g]many4 ,9 ,em]son's poetic s\l ! result 0 a sem9al influ5ce ^u high ?9k+1 9 ,am]ica & 9 ! ,old ,_w1 ! p[] ( :i* we _c b feel1 b :i* x is z yet too soon to e/imate4 ,9 ! middle ( ! c5tury "s :olesome de/ructive "w /ill ne$$ to be done1 & x 0 well done4 ,:5 ,g]man criticism1 ) ! o!r weapons 9 ! p[]ful h&s ( ,!odore ,p>k]1 fre$ u f ! spectre ( bibliolatry1 x might inde$ be said t ! promise ( ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation 0 at l5g? fulfill$4 ,! *ange wr\ght 9 ! ,unit>ian *ur* s9ce ,p>k] began 8 prea*+ has be5 to "s ext5t foll[$ by analog\s *anges 9 o!r *ur*es4 ,on e side1 ! la/ qu>t] ( ! n9ete5? c5tury has be5 prem95tly ! age ( ! decomposition ( or?odoxies4 ,"h & !re & ev]y:]e !y are crumbl+ into ru9s2 & z ! _w has long s9ce left beh9d ! age ( trilobites & ! age ( d9osaurs1 s 9 ! _w to :i* we are com+ !re w be nei!r a place nor a use = or?odoxies4 ,=1 z ,i mu/ obs]ve 9 conclusion1 !re is all ab\t u a resi/less & _w-wide influ5ce at "w1 to :i* all ! tempor>y & local causes ,i h m5tion$ h be5 b ! m9i/]+ s]vants4 ,f age to age1 our k is gr[+ f m to m4 ,f ! discov]y ( ,am]ica1 f ! a/ronomy ( ,cop]nicus & ! physics ( ,galileo1 d[n to ! univ]sal doctr9e ( evolution 9 our own "t1 !re has be5 "o gr& coh]5t & consecutive tale ( ev] enl>g+1 ev] m organiz$ k ( ! _w 9 :i* we live4 ,by ?is enl>g$ exp]i5ce our m9ds are affect$1 f day to day & f ye> to ye>1 9 m ways ?an we c detect or enum]ate4 ,x op5s our m9ds to "s notions1 & makes !m incurably ho/ile to o!rs2 s t1 = example1 new tru?s well-nigh beyond compreh5sion1 l "s ( ^? connect$ ) ! lum9if]\s e!r1 are accept$1 & old beliefs once univ]sal1 l wit*craft1 are scornfully reject$4 ,va/ *anges 9 m5tal attitude are ?us wr\ght be=e x is g5]ally realiz$4 ,into ! new s*eme ( ?+s old beliefs no long] fit1 & are !re=e ?r[n aside & =gott54 ,n[ our or?odoxies are ( old] date ?an ! goodly fabric ( mod]n k4 ,!y are ! outcome ( m primitive & *ildlike ?9k+1 !y h ceas$ to fit ! _w z we "k x1 & !re=e !y fade & fall away f u1 9 spite ( all our ef=ts to reta9 undi/urb$ ! v5]able & hall[$ associations4 ,9 ?is inevitable /ruggle !re has always be5 m or less pa91 & h5ce free ?\ght has n usually be5 popul>4 ,x has come to our life fea/ z a gue/ unbidd5 & unwelcome2 b x has come to /ay ) u1 & already proves m g5ial ?an 0 expect$4 ,dead5+1 cramp+ f9ality has lo/ its *>m = him :o has ta/$ ( ! ripe fruit ( ! tree ( k4 ,9 ?is broad univ]se ( ,god's wisdom & love1 n lea%es to re/ra9 u are ne$$1 b w+s to su/a9 our flight4 ,let bold b rev]5t ?\ght g on & probe creation's my/]ies1 till fai? & k make "o music z be=e1 b va/]4 ,octob]1 #ahie4 ,,vi ,,sir ,,h>ry ,,vane#bb ,) ! s+le exception ( ,cromwell1 ! greate/ /atesman ( ! h]oic age ( ,puritanism 0 unque/ionably ! y\ng] ,h5ry ,vane4 ,he did z mu* z any "o to compass ! d[nfall ( ,/raf=d2 he br\ght ! milit>y /r5g? ( ,scotl& to ! aid ( ! h>d-press$ ,p>liam5t2 he adm9i/]$ ! navy ) :i* ,blake won 8 a/oni%+ victories2 he d>$ ev5 )/& ,cromwell at ! height ( 8 p[]1 :5 8 measures sav\r$ too mu* ( viol5ce4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,pym 9 #afdc1 ,sir ,h5ry ,vane1 !n ?irty-"o ye>s ( age1 0 ! =emo/ man 9 ! ,long ,p>liam5t1 & s rema9$ z long z t ,p>liam5t controll$ ! m>* ( ev5ts4 ,z ,baxt] said1 he 0 t )9 ! ,h\se t ,cromwell 0 )\t4 ,yet be=e ! beg9n+ ( 8 brilliant c>e] 9 ,engl&1 ?is "y man _h writt5 8 "n indelibly ^u "o ( ! e>lie/ pages 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican p4 ,x is pleasant to rememb] t ?is admirable man 0 once ! *ief magi/rate ( an ,am]ican commonweal?4 ,?or\gh republican & en?usia/ic lov] ( lib]ty1 he 0 spiritually ak9 to ,jeff]son & to ,samuel ,adams4 ,8 c>e] furni%es an excell5t illu/ration ( ,mr4 ,doyle's rem>k1 t by look+ at ! colony ( ,massa*usetts1 we c see :at sort ( a commonweal? 0 con/ruct$ by ! be/ m5 ( ! ,puritan p>ty1 & to "s ext5t :at !y w\ld h made ( ! gov]nm5t ( ,engl& if !y c\ld h _h _! way un*eck$4 ,an adequate biography ( ?is great /atesman 0 a ?+ mu* to be desir$4 ,half a c5tury ago ,mr4 ,c4 ,w4 ,upham contribut$ to ,sp>ks's ,am]ican ,biography an int]e/+ life ( ,vane2 & ab\t ! same "t ,mr4 ,john ,=/]1 9 8 ,/atesm5 ( ! ,commonweal?1 made a sket* *>act]iz$ by 8 usual brilliancy4 ,b bo? ^! writ]s indulg$ !mselves 9 t k9d ( indiscrim9ate eulogy :i* us$ 9 ^? days to be ?\ght necess>y = biograph]s2 & by way ( foil to _! h]o !y seem$ to feel b\nd to und]rate & mis9t]pret ,cromwell1 ev5 z ,c>lyle seem$ to ?9k he 0 exalt+ ! great1 ,protector 9 belittl+ ,vane4 ,! rem>kable advance 9 fairness & bread? ( view :i* hi/orical /udies h made )9 ! la/ fifty ye>s is n[h]e bett] illu/rat$ ?an 9 ! _s 9 :i* ! sev5te5? c5tury 9 ,engl& is treat$ by ,masson & ,g>d9] z contra/$ ) ,macaulay4 ,x is no long] ! fa%ion to depict individuals or p>ties z :olly sa9tlike or q ! rev]se1 & x is beg9n+ to be practically recogniz$ t !re are two sides to almo/ e "q4 ,! ne$ = an adequate life ( ,sir ,h>ry ,vane has be5 mo/ ?or\ghly & admirably satisfi$ by ,mr4 ,hosm]4 ,z a biography & z a hi/orical monograph1 x des]ves to be rank$ among ! be/ books ( ! day4 ,x pa9ts a lifelike picture ( ! man1 & x describes1 9 a broad1 g5]\s _s & ) ke5 philosophical insight1 ! causal succession ( ev5ts 9 "o ( ! mo/ mom5t\s political conte/s ! _w has ev] se54 ,we are gett+ f> en\gh away f ! sev5te5? c5tury to realize ! critical importance ( ! /ruggle 9 :i* k+%ip 0 /ruck d[n 9 ,engl& j z x 0 atta9+ un*eck$ supremacy 9 all ! o!r great nations ( ,europe4 ,we c put ! ,great ,rebellion into its prop] place 9 ! s]ies ( conflicts :i* h s f> result$ 9 spread+ con/itutional gov]nm5t f> & wide ov] two hemisph]es2 & we c beg9 to see h[ disa/r\s 9 its consequ5ces w\ld h be5 ! victory ( ! ,cavali]s1 true & gallant m5 z mo/ ( !m d\btless 74 ,)\t deal+ too mu* 9 g5]alities1 ,mr4 ,hosm]'s n>rative keeps be=e u ! gravity ( ! issues at /ake1 :ile our att5tion is seldom drawn away f ! p[]ful b quiet & graci\s p]sonality t occupies ! c5tre ( ! canvas4 ,x is cu/om>y = great eras to live 9 ! twilight ( popul> memory 9 association ) "s "o surpass+ "n1 :ile o!r h]oes ( ! "t are dimly rememb]$ or q =gott54 ,! "w ( ^! o!r m5 gets unconsci\sly transf]r$ to ! cr$it ( ! mo/ brilliant or /rik+ h]o1 z ,hamilton1 = example1 is apt to get associat$ n m]ely ) 8 own all-important a*ievem5ts1 b likewise ) ^? ( ,madison & ! ,f$]al ,conv5tion g5]ally4 ,9 accordance ) ?is lab\r-sav+ habit ( m9d1 ! ,great ,rebellion 9 popul> memory means ,oliv] ,cromwell1 :ile su* m5 z ,eliot & ,pym1 ,fairfax & ,ireton1 are pass$ ov]2 & if ,hampd5 /ays1 x is p>tly due to ! (t5-quot$ l9e ( ! poet ,gray4 ,s !re are _m :o "k ,vane only ?r\gh ,milton's sonnet1--itself p]haps ! noble/ lit]>y tribute ev] paid to a /atesman4 ,9 ,mr4 ,hosm]'s pages ,sir ,h>ry lives aga91 "o ( ! brighte/ figures ( ! ,puritan age1 *e]ful & affectionate1 full ( sacr$ en?usiasm1 yet %rewd & self-conta9$4 ,he 0 inde$ a man ( extraord9>y p>ts1 a pleasant wit1 a great und]/&+ :i* pi]c$ into & disc]n$ ! purposes ( m5 ) wond]ful sagacity1 :il/ he _h himself vultum clausum1 t no man c\ld make a guess ( :at he int5d$4 ,s says ,cl>5don1 :o lov$ him n1 b c\ld n help admir+ ! skill :i*1 at ! mo/ critical mom5t ( ! w>1 :5 _m /\t adh]5ts ( ! p>liam5t>y cause 7 incl9$ to ab&on x z lo/1 all at once br\ght light out ( d>kness1 z ! sign+ ( ! ,solemn ,league & ,cov5ant summon$ ,alex&] ,leslie & tw5ty ?\s& brawny ,scots across ! bord] to /& side by side ) ,cromwell & ,fairfax at ,m>/on ,moor4 ,9 lat] days x became matt] ( common report t ! nor!rn ,cov5ant]s _h fall5 a prey to ! wiles ( t sweet y\?1 & all[$ !mselves to be hoodw9k$ & coz5$ by sly ,sir ,h>ry1 until1 9 ! hope ( e/abli%+ ,presbyt]ianism s\? ( ! ,twe$1 !y l5t !mselves to ! "w ( sett+ ! mon/] ,indep5d5cy ^u its feet4 ,mr4 ,hosm] c>efully exam9es ?is *>ge1 &1 we ?9k1 successfully refutes x4 ,x 0 nei!r ! fir/ nor ! la/ contract on record :i* has aft]w>d come to receive conflict+ int]pretations f ! two p>ties )\t any tricksome int5t on ei!r side4 ,! ,scots1 says ,mr4 ,hosm]1 und]/ood t ,engl& assum$ _! own n>r[ ,presbyt]ianism1 ) its complete intol]ance2 ,vane & 8 fri5ds gave ! in/rum5t a diff]5t int]pretation1 :i* !y hone/ly felt x w\ld be>4 ,! am5dm5ts :i* ,vane p>tly succe$$ 9 engraft+ ^u ! ,scotti% proposals at ,ed9burgh are suffici5t evid5ce ( 8 /raight=w>dness4 ,x 0 pla9 en\gh t1 9 mak+ a league to ov]come ! ,k+1 ! ,scots want$ "o ?+1 :ile ! ,engli% want$ ano!r4 ,vane did n hide ?is fact2 to h emphasiz$ x w\ld h be5 to =feit all claim to diplomatic tact4 ,8 "p 9 ! memorable negotiation is t]sely summ$ up by ,cl>5don3 ,sir ,h>ry ,vane 0 "o ( ! commission]s1 & !re=e ! o!rs ne$ n be nam$1 s9ce he 0 all 9 any bus9ess :]e o!rs 7 jo9$ ) him4 ,9 ! ,committee ( ,bo? ,k+doms :i* ! league creat$ he 0 equally effective1 & x 0 ma9ly ?r\gh 8 p]si/5t dext]ity t ! committee acquir$ ! control ( milit>y affairs1 & ?us gave to ! op]ations ( ! p>liam5t>y army t unity :i* !y _h hi!rto lack$4 ,! fir/fruits ( ,vane's diplomacy 7 ,m>/on ,moor & ,naseby1 & x w\ld be unreasonable to f9d fault ) ,mr4 ,hosm] = paus+ to describe ^? battles4 ,!y are brilliant episodes 9 8 n>rative4 ,we h n[h]e se5 ! two battles m lucidly expla9$4 ,! au?or has be5 himself a soldi]1 & has look$ at ! gr\nd ) a milit>y eye4 ,"o q envies him ! pleasant j\rney1 z on 8 tricycle he foll[s ! r\te ( ! ,ironsides ov] ! smoo? roads & smil+ fields ( ,m]ry ,engl&4 ,8 pages are r$ol5t ( ! mell[ *e] & fragrance ( ! summ] day "u t mild nor!rn sun4 ,"o cat*es1 ) ! au?or1 ! _s ( ! deadly fight1 & realizes1 z ,naseby spire fades away 9 ! di/ance1 ! gravity ( ! crisis & ! complet5ess ( ! victory4 ,said /\t old ,sir ,jacob ,a/ley1 :5 ! ,r\ndheads took him captive a few mon?s aft]w>d1 ,g5tlem51 ye may n[ sit d[n & play1 = y h done all y\r "w1 if y fall n out among y\rselves4 ,!y 7 already fall+ out among !mselves2 h[ s]i\sly1 ,dunb> & ,worce/] 7 by & by to %[4 ,_! own g5]ation1 says ,mr4 ,hosm]1 believ$ t ! ,indep5d5ts drew _! orig9 f ,am]ica4 ,c]ta9ly !re _h be5 witness$ 9 ,bo/on1 9 ! ye> :5 ,h>v>d ,college 0 f\nd$1 "s notewor?y manife/ations ( ,indep5d5cy1 & sc5es _h be5 enact$ :i* _h left a deep impress ^u ,sir ,h>ry's y\?ful m9d4 ,9 #afce ! gossips wrote3 ,sir ,h5ry ,vane ha? z good z lo/ 8 elde/ son1 :o is gone into ,new ,engl& = consci5ce' sake2 he likes n ! discipl9e ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&2444 no p]suasions ( our bi%ops nor au?ority ( 8 p>5ts c\ld prevail ) him3 let him g4 ,! fasc9at+ boy arriv$ 9 ,bo/on 9 ,octob]1 #afce1 & 9 ! foll[+ ,m>*1 hav+ won all he>ts1 0 elect$ gov]nor ( ,massa*usetts4 ,he witness$ ! ,pequot w>1 ! beautiful h]oism & r>e diplomacy ( ,rog] ,williams1 & ! bitt] /rife :i* ensu$ ^u ! tea*+s ( ,mrs4 ,hut*9son4 ,mr4 ,hosm] gives a vivid picture ( ! life 9 ! little colony1 ! !ological w>f>e1 & ! passionate te>s ( ! "y man z ! difficulties ?ick5$ ar\nd him4 ,p]haps 8 indiscreet ?reat ( an appeal to ! ?rone 9 fav\r ( ! ,ant9omians1 z he sail$ = ,engl& 9 ! summ] ( #afcg1 may h s]v$ to ha/5 ! bani%m5t ( ,mrs4 ,hut*9son2 b ! lesson ( tol]ation 0 already tak+ %ape 9 8 m9d1 z 0 cle>ly %[n 9 8 controv]sy ) ,w9?rop4 ,8 fri5dly relations ) ,rog] ,williams began at ! "t ( ! ,pequot w>2 & 9 #afdc1 :5 ,williams visit$ ,engl& 9 que/ ( a *>t] = ,rhode ,isl&1 he 0 ,vane's gue/ at 8 h\se 9 ,london1 & also at 8 c\ntry seat 9 ,l9coln%ire4 ,x 0 !n t ,williams wrote t noble book1 ,! ,bl\dy ,t55t ( ,p]secution = ,cause ( ,consci5ce1 9 ! preface to :i* he ?us ref]s to 8 fri5d3 ,m9e e>s 7 glad & late witnesses ( an heav5ly spee* ( "o ( ! mo/ em95t ( t ,high ,assembly ( ,p>liam5t3 ,:y %\ld ! lab\rs ( any be suppress$1 if sob]1 ?\gh nev] s diff]5t8 ,we n[ pr(ess to seek ,god1 we desire to see light6#bc ,mr4 ,hosm] gives 9 facsimile a t\*+ lett] f ,vane to ,w9?rop 9 #afde1 9 :i* he urges 8 fri5ds 9 ,new ,engl& to respect ! lib]ty ( consci5ce4 ,9 #afdh1 9 ord] to save ! cause ( lib]ty f los+ to intrigue & *ican]y all ! gr\nd x _h won by ! sword1 ! ,ironsides felt !mselves call$ ^u to take ?+s into _! own h&s4 ,?is p]iod ( ! /ory1 ext5d+ to ! =cible dissolution ( ! ,rump ,p>liam5t 9 #afec1 ,mr4 ,hosm] treats "u ! rubric ( ,am]ican ,engl&4 ,= ! mom5t1 ! _s ( ,indep5d5cy1 :i* reign$ supreme 9 ,massa*usetts1 ass]t$ itself 9 ,engl& 9 ! tempor>y ov]?r[ ( ! cr[n & ! ari/ocracy4 ,9 ?is p]iod ,sir ,h>ry appe>s z ! oppon5t ( ! extreme measures ( 8 p>ty4 ,he he>tily disapproves ( su* irregul> proce$+s z ,pride's ,purge & ! execution ( ! ,k+4 ,"h is %[n ! /rong cons]vatism ( temp]am5t ( ?is law-abid+ ,am]ican-,engli%man4 ,he _h all ! +ra9$ rev]5ce ( our /urdy practical race = con/itutional me?ods1 & )al a f>-sight$ intellig5ce t c\ld disc]n ways ( settl+ ! difficulty :i* 7 = ! mom5t impracticable1 because 8 contempor>ies _h n gr[n up to !m4 ,9 8 m9d 7 ! rudim5ts ( ! idea ( a writt5 con/itution1 ^u :i* a new gov]nm5t = ,engl& might be built1 ) p[]s neatly def9$ & limit$4 ,"o fancies t 9 "s respects he w\ld h felt himself m at home if he c\ld h be5 sudd5ly translat$ f ! ,rump ,p>liam5t ( #afec to ! ,f$]al ,conv5tion ( #aghg1 9 :i* immortal assembly !re sat p]haps no man ( l(ti] _s ?an 84 ,x 0 natural en\gh t ,cromwell1 ^: /]n common s5se disc]n$ ! practical ne$ ( ! mom5t & reluctantly fulfill$ x1 %\ld cry1 ,! ,"l deliv] me f ,sir ,h>ry ,vane6 ,9 spite ( ?is antagonism at ! supreme crisis1 h[ev]1 ! ,protector recogniz$ ! wor? ( 8 oppon5t1 & seems to h borne him no deep-seat$ ill w4 ,!re 0 no d[nright break betwe5 !m until ! ,heal+ ,"q came up1 9 #afef4 ,9 ,vane's la/ ye>s !re seem$ to be "s good reasons = di/ru/+ 8 judgm5t on practical que/ions4 ,! elem5t ( dreamy en?usiasm always pres5t 9 him began to come into ! =egr\nd z 8 m sob] ideas & plans 7 ?w>t$4 ,"s ( 8 late/ utt]ances are l ! rhapsodies ( ! ,fif? ,mon>*i/s4 ,h]e9 aga9 appe>s 8 spiritual k9%ip ) 8 fri5ds 9 ,massa*usetts4 ,! !ocratic ideal ( ! f\nd]s ( ,massa*usetts1 z develop$ freely 9 ! ,am]ican wild]ness1 0 kept )9 rational b\nds2 b if hemm$ 9 by su* inexorable circum/ances z *eck$ ! e>ly gr[? ( republicanism 9 ,engl&1 x w\ld v likely h fl[]$ grotesquely en\gh 9 ,fif? ,mon>*i/ vag>ies4 ,f ,edw>d ,johnson1 ( ,woburn1 au?or ( ! ,wond]-,work+ ,provid5ce1 !re (t5 came ! di?yrambic utt]ances ( an extreme ,fif? ,mon>*y man4 ,:5 ,*>les ,,ii4 came back to 8 fa!r's ?rone1 !re 0 b "o ?+ to be done ) su* a repres5tative republican z ,sir ,h>ry ,vane4 ,8 head mu/ come (f1 = !re 0 n room en\gh 9 ,engl& to hold him & ! son ( ,*>les ,i4 at ! same "t4 ,he di$ on ,t[] ,hill1 ) all ! fe>lessness & *>m+ sweetness t _h always m>k$ 8 life4 ,8 memory is a preci\s possession = all com+ g5]ations2 & ! book 9 :i* ,mr4 ,hosm] has told ! /ory ( 8 life1 ) su* w>m sympa?y & su* broad intellig5ce1 is wor?y ( its subject4 ,janu>y1 #ahhi4 ,,vii ,,! ,,arbitration ,,treaty ,aft] negotiations :i* _h be5 p5d+ = ne>ly two ye>s1 ! g5]al ,arbitration ,treaty betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9 0 sign$ on ! #aa? ( ,janu>y #ahig by ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,olney & ,sir ,julian ,pauncefote1 repres5t+ ! two c\ntries conc]n$2 & on ! foll[+ day ! docum5t 0 s5t by ,presid5t ,clevel& to ! ,s5ate = ratification4 ,! provisions ( ?is important treaty may be summ>iz$ z foll[s3-- ,x is expect$ t diff]5ces aris+ betwe5 ! two c\ntries w ord9>ily admit ( settlem5t by ! cu/om>y me?ods ( diplomacy4 ,x is only ) cases :]e su* cu/om>y me?ods fail t ! provisions ( ! pres5t treaty are conc]n$2 & ! p>ties h]eby agree to submit all su* cases to arbitration aft] ! mann] h]e9 provid$4 ,! que/ions 9 diff]5ce t are liable to arise are arrang$ 9 ?ree grades or classes3 7#a7 small pecuni>y claims2 7#b7 l>ge pecuni>y claims1 & o!rs n involv+ que/ions ( t]ritory2 7#c7 t]ritorial claims4 ,= ea* ( ^! grades !re is to be a special me?od ( settlem5t4 ,fir/1 all pecuni>y claims or gr\ps ( claims1 :i* 9 ! aggregate d n exce$ #ejj1jjj 9 am\nt & d n involve ! det]m9ation ( t]ritorial claims1 %all be decid$ by a tribunal con/itut$ z foll[s3 ,ea* p>ty %all nom9ate "o arbitrator1 :o %all be a juri/ ( repute1 & ! two arbitrators s nom9at$ %all1 )9 two mon?s ( _! nom9ation1 select an umpire4 ,9 ! ev5t ( _! fail+ to d s )9 ! limit ( "t1 ! umpire %all be appo9t$ by agreem5t betwe5 ! memb]s ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! memb]s ( ! ,judicial ,committee ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil 9 ,great ,brita94 ,9 case ^! p]sons fail to agree ^u an umpire )9 ?ree mon?s1 ! ,k+ ( ,sw$5 & ,norway %all appo9t "o4 ,among public p]sonages ( unque/ionable dignity & importance1 ?is sov]eign is z likely z any to be free f bias aga9/ ei!r ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,great ,brita92 b %\ld ei!r p>ty object to him1 !y may adopt a sub/itute1 if !y c agree ^u "o4 ,x does n seem likely t ! failure to select an umpire w\ld (t5 rea* ! /age :]e an appeal to ! ,sw$i% ,k+ w\ld be necess>y4 ,! umpire1 :5 & h[ev] appo9t$1 %all be presid5t ( ! tribunal ( ?ree1 & ! aw>d ( a majority ( ! memb]s %all be f9al4 ,"u ^! provisions1 x may be expect$ t all petty claims c be dispos$ ( )\t unreasonable delay1 & ) z little risk ( unfairness z "o w\ld f9d 9 any c\rt :atev]4 ,secondly1 all pecuni>y claims or gr\ps ( claims exce$+ #ejj1jjj1 & all o!r matt]s 9 respect :]e( ei!r ( ! p>ties %all h rights aga9/ ! o!r1 "u ! treaty or o!rwise1 provid$ !y d n involve t]ritorial claims1 %all be dealt ) z foll[s3 ,su* claims mu/ be submitt$ to ! tribunal ( ?ree1 z above describ$1 & its aw>d1 if unanim\s1 %all be f9al4 ,if ! aw>d is n unanim\s1 ei!r p>ty may dem& a review ( x1 b su* dem& mu/ be made )9 six mon?s f ! date ( ! aw>d4 ,9 su* case1 ! appellate tribunal %all consi/ ( five juri/s ( repute1 no "o ( :om has be5 a memb] ( ! tribunal ( ?ree ^: aw>d is to be review$4 ,( ^! five juri/s1 two %all be select$ by ea* p>ty1 & ^! f\r %all agree ^u _! umpire )9 ?ree mon?s aft] _! nom9ation4 ,9 case ( _! failure1 ! umpire %all be select$ 7z 9 ! =m] case7 by ! memb]s ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt & ! ,judicial ,committee ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil2 & if ^! d n agree )9 ?ree mon?s1 ! selection %all be left 7z be=e7 to ! ,k+ ( ,sw$5 & ,norway4 ,! umpire1 :5 select$1 %all preside4 ,! aw>d ( ! tribunal ( ?ree %all be review$ by ?is tribunal ( five1 & ! aw>d ( a majority ( ! five %all be f9al4 ,?irdly1 any controv]sy involv+ ! det]m9ation ( t]ritorial claims %all be submitt$ to a tribunal ( six memb]s1 ?ree ( :om %all be judges ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt or ( ,circuit ,c\rts1 to be nom9at$ by ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! o!r ?ree %all be memb]s ( ! highe/ ,briti% c\rt or memb]s ( ! ,judicial ,committee ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil1 to be nom9at$ by ! ,que54 ,_! aw>d by a majority ( n less ?an five to "o %all be f9al4 ,if !re is less ?an ! prescrib$ majority1 ! aw>d %all also be f9al1 unless ei!r p>ty )9 ?ree mon?s prote/s t ! aw>d is errone\s4 ,if ! aw>d is prote/$1 or if ! memb]s ( ! tribunal are equally divid$1 !re %all be no rec\rse to ho/ile measures ( any description until ! m$iation ( "o or m fri5dly p[]s %all h be5 invit$ by "o or ! o!r p>ty4 ,x is also provid$ t :]e "o ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or a ,briti% colony is specially conc]n$1 ! ,presid5t or ,que5 may make a judicial (fic] ( ! /ate or colony an arbitrator4 ,9 "s cases1 a "q may be remov$ f ! jurisdiction ( ! tribunal ( ?ree or ! tribunal ( five1 & transf]r$ to t ( ! tribunal ( six4 ,if1 prior to ! close ( ! he>+ ( ! claim be=e ! l[] tribunal1 x %all be decid$ by ! tribunal1 ^u ! motion ( ei!r p>ty1 t ! det]m9ation ( ! claim necess>ily involves a decision ( "s disput$ "q ( pr9ciple ( grave g5]al importance1 affect+ ! national rights ( su* p>ty z di/9ct f its private rights1 ( :i* x is m]ely an int]national repres5tative1 !n ! jurisdiction ( ! l[] tribunal ov] ! claim %all at once cease1 & x %all be dealt ) by ! tribunal ( six4 ,) reg>d to t]ritorial claims1 a special article def9es !m z includ+ n only all claims to t]ritory1 b also all o!r claims involv+ que/ions ( s]vitude1 rights ( navigation1 access to fi%]ies1 & all rights & int]e/s necess>y to control ! enjoym5t ( ei!r's t]ritory4 ,! treaty is to rema9 9 =ce = five ye>s f ! date at :i* x becomes op]ative1 & until a ye> aft] ei!r p>ty %all h notifi$ ! o!r ( its wi% to t]m9ate x4 ,! fir/ impression :i* "o gets f read+ ! treaty is t x is /rictly def9$ & limit$ 9 its application4 ,yet1 :5 duly consid]$1 x seems to cov] all *ances ( controv]sy t are likely to arise betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita94 ,"u su* a treaty z ?is1 ne>ly all ! que/ions at issue betwe5 ! two c\ntries s9ce #aghc might h be5 satisfactorily adju/$1--! paym5t ( private debts to ,briti% cr$itors1 ! rel9qui%m5t ( ! fronti] po/s by ,briti% g>risons1 ! nor!a/]n b\nd>y1 ! p>tition ( ! ,oregon t]ritory1 ! que/ions conc]n+ ! ,newf\ndl& fi%]ies1 ! navigation ( ! ,great ,lakes1 ! cat*+ ( seals 9 ,b]+ ,sea1 ! diff]5ce ( op9ion ov] ! ,san ,juan b\nd>y1 etc4 ,possibly "s ( ! old que/ions gr[+ out ( ! ,african slave trade might h be5 br\ght )9 its purview1 b t is n[ ( small consequ5ce1 s9ce no issues ( t sort are likely ev] to rise aga94 ,diff]5ces att5d+ ! future con/ruction ( a ,nic>agua canal1 reg>d$ z an easem5t or a s]vitude possibly affect+ ve/$ rights1 might1 "u a lib]al int]pretation1 be dealt )2 & "o may suppose t ! ,v5ezuela "q is meant to be cov]$1 s9ce x relates to t]ritorial claims 9 :i*1 ?\gh !y may n obvi\sly conc]n ! ,unit$ ,/ates ei!r imm$iately or remotely1 our gov]nm5t has ) unexpect$ emphasis decl>$ itself int]e/$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 "o does n seem to f9d 9 ! treaty any provision :i* w\ld h cov]$ two or ?ree ( ! mo/ s]i\s que/ions t h ev] be5 9 dispute betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita94 ,"o ( ^! que/ions1 conc]n+ ! "r ( se>* & ! impressm5t ( seam51 0 conspicu\s among ! causes ( ! ill-consid]$ & deplorable ,w> ( #ahab4 ,b x may be presum$1 ) /rong probability1 t no difficulty ( t k9d c aga9 arise betwe5 ^! two p[]s4 ,! affair ( ! ,tr5t 9 #ahfa seems also to be a k9d ( case n provid$ =4 ,b t affair1 mo/ cr$itably settl$ at a mom5t ( fi]ce irritation & "u aggravat+ circum/ances1 0 settl$ 9 su* wise z to e/abli% a great pr9ciple :i* w make x extremely difficult = su* a case to occur aga94 ,z = ! ,alabama ,claims1 !y c\ld app>5tly h be5 adju/$ "u ! pres5t treaty1 z l>ge pecuni>y claims involv+ int]national pr9ciples ( grave g5]al importance4 ,on ! :ole1 !re seems to be small likelihood ( any dispute aris+ betwe5 ?is c\ntry & ,great ,brita9 :i* _c be amicably settl$1 ) reasonable promptness1 "u ! provisions ( ?is new ,arbitration ,treaty4 ,once *ief desid]atum 9 any su* in/rum5t is to secure imp>tiality 9 ! arbitrat+ tribunals1 & "h ! arrangem5ts made 9 our treaty w d\btless yield z good results z c ev] be a*iev$ ?r\gh m]e arrangem5ts4 ,9 su* matt]s1 ! be/ ( ma*9]y is ( less consequ5ce ?an ! human nature by :i* ! ma*9]y is to be work$4 ,imp>tiality1 n only real1 b conspicu\s & unmi/akable1 is ! prime requisite 9 a c\rt ( arbitration4 ,its life & heal? c be su/a9$ only 9 an atmosph]e ( unta9t$ & unsuspect$ integrity4 ,b 9 an age :i* does n yet fully compreh5d ! damnable villa9y ( su* maxims z ,our c\ntry1 "r or wrong1 gross p>tisan%ip is n easy to elim9ate f human nature4 ,ev5 au/]e judges1 tak5 f a ,supreme ,c\rt1 h sometimes %[n !mselves to be m5 ( l passions ) ourselves4 ,x w\ld ne$ b few aw>ds made on ! eight to sev5 pr9ciple1 z 9 ! ,electoral ,commission ( #ahgg1 to make our arbitrat+ tribunal ! laugh+-/ock ( ! _w1 & to set back = a g5]ation or two ! h& ^u ! timepiece ( civilization4 ,a g5]al exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 ju/ifies u 9 hop+ mu* bett] ?+s f ! gr\p ( int]national tribunals contemplat$ 9 our pres5t treaty4 ,!re is no d\bt t ! good "w is und]tak5 9 entire good fai? by bo? nations2 bo? e>ne/ly wi% to make int]national arbitration successful1 & !re is little fe> t ! importance ( fair deal+ w be ov]look$ or und]valu$4 ,if ! pres5t proce$+s result 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( a tribunal ^: integrity & imp>tiality %all w9 ! p]man5t confid5ce ( ,briti% & ,am]icans alike1 x w be an imm5se a*ievem5t1 fraught ) incalculable b5efit to mank9d4 ,= ! fir/ "t1 ! sub/itution ( int]national lawsuits = w>f>e w h be5 sy/ematically begun by two ( ! lead+ nations ( ! _w2 & an ev5t :i* admits ( su* a description _c be )\t _m consequ5ces1 endur+ & pr(\nd4 ,= obs]ve t ! int]e/ ( ! pres5t treaty lies n s mu* 9 ! fact t x provides = arbitration z 9 ! fact t x aims at mak+ arbitration ! regul> & p]man5t me?od ( settl+ int]national disputes4 ,9 due proportion to ! gravity ( ! problem is ! mode/ caution ) :i* x is approa*$4 ,! treaty m]ely asks to be tri$ on its m]its1 & only = five ye>s at t4 ,only = su* a brief p]iod is ! mo/ vocif]\s ,j+o 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate or else:]e ask$ to put a curb ^u 8 sangu9>y prop5sities & see :at w happ54 ,nay1 if we really pref] w> to peace2 if1 l ! giant 9 ! nurs]y tale1 we are ?ir/+ = a draught ( ,briti% blood1 nei!r ?is nor any o!r treaty c\ld long re/ra9 u4 ,z ,hosea ,bigl[ truly obs]ves1-- ,! "r to be a cuss$ fool ,is safe f all devices human4 ,x has be5 rum\r$ t "s ,s5ators w vote aga9/ ! treaty1 9 ord] to %[ _! spite aga9/ ,presid5t ,clevel& & ,mr4 ,olney4 ,if ! treaty %\ld fail ( confirmation ?r\gh su* a cause1 x w\ld be no m ?an has happ5$ be=e4 ,memb]s ( ! ,sapsea family h sat 9 o!r *amb]s ?an ^? ( ! ,capitol at ,wa%+ton4 ,b1 z a rule1 good causes h n long be5 h9d]$ ?r\gh su* pett9ess1 & %\ld ! treaty ?us fail = ! mom5t1 x w\ld n be ru9$1 b only delay$4 ,9 any ev5t1 x is n likely to be long 9 acquir+ its five ye>s' lease ( life4 ,if dur+ t "t no?+ %\ld occur to discr$it x1 ev5 %\ld no cases arise to call x into op]ation1 its purpose is s mu* 9 h>mony ) ! mo/ enlight5$ _s ( ! age t x is pretty sure to be r5ew$4 ,%\ld cases arise "u x1 ! ma*9]y :i* x provides is confess$ly provisional & t5tative1 & ^u r5ewal c be modifi$ 9 su* wise z may seem desirable4 ,o!r human in/itutions h be5 m\ld$ by exp]i5ce1 & s1 d\btless1 x w be ) int]national c\rts ( arbitration4 ,! work+ ( ! tribunals creat$ by ! pres5t treaty w be c>efully wat*$ by o!r nations ?an ! two p>ties directly conc]n$1 & %\ld x a*ieve any notable success x w furni% a prec$5t likely to be imitat$4 ,! removal ( any s\rce ( irritation at all comp>able to ! ,alabama ,claims w\ld be1 ( c\rse1 a success ( ! fir/ magnitude2 great good1 ) f>-rea*+ consequ5ces1 might be wr\ght by a mu* small] "o4 ,probably few read]s are aw>e ( ! ext5t to :i* ! arbitration at ,g5eva 9 #ahgb has already s]v$ z a prec$5t = ! peaceful solution ( int]national difficulties4#bd ,already ! moral effect ( t ev5t has be5 su* z to sugge/ t x may h]eaft] be commemorat$ z ! illu/ri\s h]ald ( a new era4 ,! ,g5eva ev5t 0 br\ght ab\t by a treaty specially fram$ = ! purpose1 & might ?us be reg>d$ z exceptional or extraord9>y 9 its nature4 ,/ill great]1 !n1 w\ld be ! moral effect ( a simil> success a*iev$ by a tribunal creat$ "u ! provisions ( a p]man5t treaty4 ,! commission to arbitrate betwe5 ! ,arg5t9e ,republic & ,brazil1 #ahhf4 ,arbitration by ,spa9 betwe5 ,colombia & ,v5ezuela1 #ahhg4 ,arbitration by ! m9i/] ( ,spa9 at ,bogot betwe5 ,italy & ,colombia1 #ahhg4 ,arbitration by ,presid5t ,clevel& betwe5 ,nic>agua & ,co/a ,rica1 #ahhh4 ,arbitration by ! ,que5 ( ,spa9 betwe5 ,p]u & ,ecuador1 #ahhh4 ,arbitration by ,b>on ,lamb]mont betwe5 ,engl& & ,g]many2 affair ( ,lamoo1 #ahhh4 ,arbitration by ! ,cz> ( ,russia betwe5 ,france & ! ,ne!rl&s2 affair ( ! b\nd>ies ( ,gu9ea1 #ahhh4 ,arbitration by ,sir ,edw>d ,momson betwe5 ,d5m>k & ,sw$51 #ahhh4 ,compromise betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,v5ezuela1 #ahij4 ,compromise betwe5 ,g]many1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,great ,brita92 affair ( ,t]ranova1 #ahia4 ,arbitration by ,switz]l& betwe5 ,engl&1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,portugal2 affair ( ! railroads at ,delagoa ,bay1 #ahia4 ,arbitration betwe5 ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates relat+ to ! "q ( ! delimitation ( t]ritorial p[] 9 ,b]+ ,sea1 #ahic4 ,x may be urg$ t arbitration _c (t5 succe$ 9 deal+ ) difficulties s =midable z ^? connect$ ) ! ,alabama ,claims4 ,! que/ions hi!rto settl$ by arbitration h = ! mo/ "p be5 ( m9or importance1 9 :i* national hon\r has n be5 at /ake1 & ! be/ial impulse to te> & bruise1 :i* s _m light-head$ p]sons mi/ake = patriotism1 has n be5 ar\s$4 ,! ,london ,spectator tells u t if ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld ev] repeat ! ,mason & ,slidell incid5t1 or %\ld feel insult$ by ! spee* ( "s ,briti% prime m9i/]1 !re w\ld be w>1 no matt] h[ l\dly ! lawy]s 9 bo? c\ntries might appeal to ! ,arbitration ,treaty4 ,! two illu/rations cit$ are n happy ones1 s9ce f bo? may be d$uc$ reasons :y w> is n likely to ensue4 ,! ,mason & ,slidell incid5t 0 a mo/ impressive illu/ration ( ! value ( delay & discussion 9 calm+ popul> excitem5t4 ,! pr9ciple ( int]national law :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates violat$ on t occasion 0 a pr9ciple = :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h long & e>ne/ly cont5d$ aga9/ ! opposition ( ,great ,brita94 ,a v brief discussion ( ! affair 9 ! ,am]ican press made ?is cle> to e "o1 & !re 0 no cavill+ :5 our gov]nm5t dis[n$ ! act & surr5d]$ ! prison]s ) ! noble frankness :i* *>act]iz$ ,presid5t ,l9coln's way ( do+ ?+s4 ,:at *iefly t5d$ to h9d] or prev5t su* a happy t]m9ation ( ! affair 0 ! unnecess>y arrogance ( ,"l ,palm]/on's gov]nm5t 9 mak+ its dem& ( u4 ,:at *iefly fav\r$ x 0 ! abs5ce ( an ocean telegraph1 af=d+ ! delay ne$ful = sob] second ?\ght4 ,i rememb] he>+ p say at ! "t t ! break+ ( ! fir/ ,atlantic cable 9 #aheh _h ?us turn$ out to be a bless+ 9 disguise6 ,n[1 %\ld any incid5t z irritat+ z ! ,tr5t affair occur 9 future1 ! ,arbitration ,treaty c be made to furni% ! delay :i* ! abs5ce ( an ocean cable once necessitat$2 & ,i h en\gh respect = ,engli%-speak+ p on bo? sides ( ! wat] to believe t 9 su* case !y w behave s5sibly1 & n l silly duelli/s4 ,s1 too1 z reg>ds feel+ insult$ by ! spee* ( a prime m9i/]1 !re is a rec5t hi/oric in/ance to ! po9t4 ,our ,briti% c\s9s may h _h reason to feel insult$ by "s expressions 9 ,presid5t ,clevel&'s message ( ,decemb]1 #ahie1 b !y took ! matt] v quietly4 ,_h ! boot be5 on ! o!r leg1 a few pupils ( ,elijah ,pogram might h indulg$ 9 ,b>mecide supp]s ( gore1 b !re ! affair w\ld probably h end$4 ,! reason is t delib]ate public op9ion 9 bo? c\ntries feels sure t no?+ is to be ga9$1 & mu* is to be lo/1 by fight+4 ,"u su* conditions1 ! gr[+ moral s5tim5t :i* condemns mo/ w>f>e z wick$ has a *ance to ass]t itself4 ,?us ! delay :i* all[s delib]ate public op9ion to be br\ght to be> ^u irritat+ incid5ts is a great advantage2 & ! m]e exi/5ce ( a p]man5t arbitration treaty t5ds t[>d insur+ su* delay4 ,p :o pref] civiliz$ & g5tleman-l me?ods ( settl+ disputes to ! savage & ruffian-l bus9ess ( burn+ & slaught]+ are sometimes /igmatiz$ by silly writ]s z s5tim5tali/s4 ,9 ! delib]ate public op9ion :i* has come to be s /rong a =ce 9 prev5t+ w> betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita91 s5tim5t has z yet probably no great place2 b x is hop$ & believ$ t x w by & by h mu* m4 ,9 ! days ( ,alex&] ,hamilton1 !re 0 v little love = ! ,f$]al ,union 9 any "p ( ?is c\ntry2 x 0 accept$ z a disagreeable necessity4 ,b 8 policy br\ght into exi/5ce a p[]ful gr\p ( selfi% int]e/s b9d+ m5 m & m closely to ! ,union1 & m s at ! ,nor? ?an at ! ,s\?4 ,:5 ,web/] made 8 reply to ,hayne1 !re 0 a gr[+ s5tim5t ( ,union = him to appeal to1 & /rong] at ! ,nor? ?an at ! ,s\?4 ,:5 ! ,civil ,w> came1 t s5tim5t 0 /rong en\gh to sadd5 ! he>t ( _m a ,s\!rn] ^: s5se ( duty made him a secessioni/2 at ! ,nor? x _h wax$ s p[]ful t m5 7 ready to die = x1 z ! ,mussulman = 8 ,prophet or ! ,cavali] = 8 ,k+4 ,?us s5tim5t c quickly & /urdily gr[ :5 fav\r$ by habits ( ?\ght orig9ally dictat$ by self-int]e/4 ,obvi\sly a /ate ( ?+s 9 fav\r ( :i* a /rong s5tim5t is once enli/$ has its *ances ( p]man5ce greatly increas$4 ,i !re=e hope & believe t 9 ! delib]ate public op9ion above m5tion$ s5tim5t w by & by h a l>g] place ?an x has at pres5t4 ,z feel+s ( dislike betwe5 ! peoples ( two c\ntries are always un9tellig5t & *urli%1 s feel+s ( fri5d%ip are sure to be broad5+ & ref9+4 ,! abid+ s5tim5t ( ,scot*m5 t[>d ,engl& 0 = _m c5turies immeasurably m rancor\s ?an any ,yankee s*oolboy ev] gave v5t to on ! ,f\r? ( ,july4 ,!re is no reason :y ! adv5t ( ! tw5ty-fir/ c5tury %\ld n f9d ! fri5d%ip betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9 q z /rong z t betwe5 ,scotl& & ,engl& to-day4 ,t[>d s desirable a consummation a p]man5t policy ( arbitration mu/ surely t5d4 ,! fact t delib]ate public op9ion 9 bo? c\ntries c be c\nt$ ^u z /rongly adv]se to w> is ! pr9cipal fact :i* makes su* a p]man5t policy feasible4 ,x is our only suffici5t gu>antee t ! aw>ds ( ! int]national tribunal w be respect$4 ,^! consid]ations ne$ to be borne 9 m9d1 if we try to speculate ^u ! probable influ5ce ^u o!r nations ( a successful sy/em ( arbitration betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita94 ,^u ! cont95t ( ,europe a consid]able int]e/ seems already to h be5 felt 9 ! treaty1 &1 z ,i obs]v$ above1 its work+ is sure to be c>efully wat*$2 = ! /ates ( ,europe are suff]+ acutely f ! app>5t necessity ( keep+ p]petually prep>$ = w>1 & any exp$i5t t holds out ! slighte/ *ance ( relief f su* a burd5 _c fail to attract e>ne/ att5tion4 ,! peoples ( ,europe are n unfamili> ) ! pr9ciples ( arbitration4 ,inde$1 l _m o!r good ?+s :i* h loom$ up conspicu\sly 9 rec5t times1 arbitration c be trac$ back to ! anci5t ,greeks1 = :om x occasionally mitigat$ ! evils att5dant ^u frequ5t w>f>e betwe5 _! city-/ates4 ,among ! ,italian republics ( ! ,middle ,ages1 disputes 7 sometimes submitt$ to ! arbitration ( le>n$ pr(essors 9 ! univ]sities at ,bologna & o!r t[ns4 ,b su* me?ods c\ld n prevail ov] ! rud] fa%ions ( ,europe nor? ( ! ,alps4 ,z m$ival ,italy 0 ! indu/rial & comm]cial c5tre ( ! _w1 s 9 our day x is ! nations mo/ completely devot$ to indu/ry & comm]ce1 ! ,engli%-speak+ nations1 t are =emo/ 9 br++ into practice ! me?ods ( arbitration4 ,! settlem5t ( ! ,alabama ,claims is ! mo/ brilliant in/ance on record1 & we h already cit$ examples ( ! read9ess ( sundry nations1 great & small1 to imitate x4 ,su* examples1 ev5 :5 conc]n$ ) que/ions ( m9or importance1 are to "s ext5t an indication ( ! gr[+ conviction t w>1 & ! unceas+ prep>ations = x1 are becom+ insupportable burd5s4 ,x is ! /eadily increas+ complication ( indu/rial life1 & ! height5$ /&>d ( liv+ t has come !re)1 t are mak+ m51 ye> by ye>1 m unwill+ to endure ! burd5s entail$ by w>4 ,9 ! ,middle ,ages1 human life 0 made hide\s by fam9e1 pe/il5ce1 p]5nial w>f>e1 & su* bloody sup]/itions z ! belief 9 wit*craft2 b m5 contriv$ to endure x1 because !y _h no exp]i5ce ( any?+ bett]1 & c\ld n ev5 =m a conception ( relief save su* z ! ,*ur* af=d$4 ,deluges ( w>1 fraught ) horrors :i* /agg] our p[]s ( conception1 swept at brief int]vals ov] e "p ( ! cont95t ( ,europe1 & ! int]vals 7 mo/ly fill$ ) petty waspi% raids t br\ght robb]y & murd] home to ev]ybody's door2 :ile hone/ indu/ry1 p5n$ up )9 wall$ t[ns1 0 glad ( su* prec>i\s immunity z /\t battlem5ts ek$ out by blackmail c\ld be made to af=d4 ,fight+ 0 incessant & ubiquit\s4 ,! *ange wr\ght 9 six c5turies has be5 amaz+1 & x has be5 *iefly due to indu/rial developm5t4 ,private w>f>e has be5 ext+ui%$1 fam9e & pe/il5ce seldom occur 9 civiliz$ c\ntries1 m5tal habits nurtur$ by sci5ce h bani%$ ! wit*es1 ! l& is cov]$ ) *e]ful home/eads1 & ! a*ievem5t ( success 9 life ?r\gh devotion to indu/rial pursuits has become g5]al4 ,w>s h greatly dim9i%$ 9 frequ5cy1 9 l5g?1 & 9 ! am\nt ( mis]y ne$lessly inflict$4 ,we h ?us le>n$ h[ pleasant life c become "u peaceful conditions1 & we are det]m9$ z f> z possible to prolong su* conditions4 ,we h no notion ( submitt+ to mis]y l t ( ! ,middle ,ages2 on ! contr>y1 we h got rid ( s mu* ( x t we mean to g on & get rid ( ! :ole4 ,su* is ! g5]al feel+ among civiliz$ m54 ,x may safely be said n only to t no nation 9 ,*ri/5dom wi%es to g to w>1 b also t ! nations are few :i* w\ld n make a consid]able sacrifice ( int]e/s & feel+s r ?an incur its calamities4 ,= reasons su* z ^!1 ! /ates ( ,cont95tal ,europe are %[+ an increas+ disposition to submit que/ions to arbitration1 & 9 view ( ?is situation ! fulle/ measure ( success = our ,arbitration ,treaty is to be desir$1 = ! sake ( its moral effect4 ,! me?od at pres5t 9 vogue on ! cont95t ( ,europe = av]t+ w>f>e is ! excessively cumbr\s exp$i5t ( keep+ up great armam5ts 9 "t ( peace4 ,! orig9 ( ?is exp$i5t may be trac$ back to ! leve en masse to :i* revolution>y ,france resort$ 9 ! agonies ( self-def5ce 9 #agib4 ,! leve en masse prov$ to be a f> m =midable eng9e ( w>f>e ?an ! small /&+ armies ) :i* ,europe _h long be5 famili>2 & s1 aft] ! old milit>y sy/em ( ,prussia _h be5 ov]?r[n 9 #ahjf1 ! re=ms ( ,/e9 & ,s*>nhor/ introduc$ ! pr9ciple ( ! leve en masse into times ( peace1 divid+ ! male population into classes :i* c\ld be kept 9 tra9+1 & might be successively call$ to ! field z soon z milit>y exig5cies %\ld dem& x4 ,! prodigi\s /r5g? :i* ,prussia c\ld put =? "u ?is sy/em 0 reveal$ 9 #ahff & #ahgj1 & s9ce !n simil> me?ods h become univ]sally adopt$1 s t ! comm5cem5t ( a g5]al ,european w> to-day w\ld d\btless f9d sev]al millions ( m5 "u arms4 ,! progress ( inv5tion is at ! same "t daily improv+ projectiles on ! "o h&1 & =tifications on ! o!r2 we may p]haps hope t "s ( u w live long en\gh to see :at w happ5 :5 a ball is fir$ ) irresi/ible mom5tum aga9/ an imp5etrable wall6 ,to keep up ) ! progress ( inv5tion enorm\s sums are exp5d$ on milit>y eng9es1 :ile ea* nation endeav\rs to av]t w> by mak+ su* a %[ ( /r5g? z w det] o!r nations f attack+ x4 ,a mania = increas+ armam5ts has ?us be5 produc$1 & al?\gh ?is /ate ( ?+s is f> less de/ructive & demoraliz+ ?an actual w>1 x lays a burd5 ^u ,europe :i* is fa/ becom+ intol]able4 ,= ! mod]n developm5t ( indu/ry has giv5 rise to problems t press = solution1 & no satisfactory solution c be rea*$ 9 ! mid/ ( ?is mon/r\s arm$ peace4 ,competition has rea*$ a po9t :]e no nation c af=d to div]t a consid]able p]c5tage ( its population f indu/rial pursuits4 ,ea* nation1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 its rank 9 ! _w1 is call$ ^u to devote its utmo/ en]gies to agriculture1 manufactures1 & comm]ce4 ,moreov]1 ! economic di/urbances due to ! )drawal ( s _m m5 f ! "w ( production are closely connect$ ) ! discont5t :i* f9ds v5t 9 ! wild s*emes ( sociali/s1 communi/s1 & an>*i/s4 ,!re is no o!r way ( beg9n+ ! "w ( social r$emption b by a g5]al dis>mam5t2 & ?is op9ion has = "s ye>s be5 ga9+ /r5g? 9 ,europe4 ,x is commonly felt t 9 "o way or ano!r ! /ate ( arm$ peace w h to be ab&on$4 ,9 a lecture at ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ,great ,brita9 9 #ahhj1 ,i argu$ t ! contra/ betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) a population q fre$ f ! dem&s ( milit>ism1 & ! cont95t ( ,europe1 ) its enorm\s armam5ts useless = productive purposes1 c\ld n long be ma9ta9$2 t ,am]ican competition w\ld soon come to press s sev]ely ^u ,europe z to compel a dis>mam5t1 & 9 ?is way ! swords w\ld get beat5 into pl\gh%>es4 ,am]ican competition is less effective ?an x might be1 ow+ to our absurd t>iffs & vici\s curr5cy1 b its t5d5cy has und\bt$ly be5 9 ! direction indicat$4 ,i suspect1 h[ev]1 t ! process w be less simple4 ,)9 ! la/ tw5ty ye>s ! op]ations ( production & di/ribution h be5 assum+ colossal proportions4 ,syndicates1 tru/s1 & o!r huge comb9ations ( capital h begun c>ry+ on bus9ess ^u a scale h]et(ore unprec$5t$4 ,already we see symptoms t su* comb9ations are to include p>tn]s 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! e>?4 ,bus9ess1 9 %ort1 is becom+ m & m int]national2 & "u su* circum/ances ! era ( g5]al dis>mam5t is likely to be ha/5$4 ,9 ! long run1 peace has no o!r fri5d s p[]ful z comm]ce4 ,:ile e successful resort to arbitration is to be welcom$ z a /ep t[>d facilitat+ dis>mam5t1 x seems probable t in/itutions ( some:at broad] scope ?an c\rts ( arbitration w be requir$ = ! settlem5t ( _m complex int]national que/ions4 ,9 ! ,european congresses :i* h assembl$ f "t to "t to deal ) peculi> exig5cies1 we h ! prec$5t = su* m regul> & p]man5t in/itutions4 ,an example ( :at is meant 0 furni%$ by ! ,congress ( ,p>is 9 #ahef1 :5 x dealt summ>ily ) ! :ole gr\p ( vex$ que/ions relat+ to ! rights & duties ( neutrals & bellig]5ts ^u ! ocean1 & put an end to ! *aos ( two c5turies by e/abli%+ an int]national code relat+ to piracy1 blockades1 & seizures 9 times ( naval w>4 ,?is code has be5 respect$ by m>itime p[]s & en=c$ by ! _w's public op9ion1 & its e/abli%m5t 0 a memorable incid5t 9 ! advance ( civilization4 ,n[1 su* "w z ! ,congress ( ,p>is did c be done 9 future by o!r congresses1 b x is "w ( broad] scope ?an has hi!rto be5 und]tak5 by c\rts ( arbitration4 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t bo? ^! in/itutions--! ,int]national ,congress & ! ,tribunal ( ,arbitration--are de/9$ to survive1 ) v consid]able increase 9 p[] & dignity1 9 ! political society ( ! future1 long aft] dis>mam5t has become an accompli%$ fact4 ,ab\t ! "t t a small p>ty ( ,engli%m5 at ,jame/[n 7 lay+ ! fir/ f\ndation /ones ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "o ( ! greate/ k+s & "o ( ! greate/ m9i/]s ( mod]n times 7 deeply engag$ 9 :at !y call$ ! ,great ,design1 a s*eme = a ,european ,conf$]ation4 ,! plan ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 ( ,france & ! ,duke ( ,sully contemplat$ a f$]al republic ( ,*ri/5dom1 compris+ six h]$it>y cr[ns 7,france1 ,engl&1 ,spa91 ,sw$51 ,d5m>k1 ,lomb>dy71 five elective cr[ns 7! ,empire1 ! ,papacy1 ,bohemia1 ,hung>y1 ,pol&71 & f\r republics 7,v5ice1 ! small ,italian /ates1 ,switz]l&1 & ! ,ne!rl&s74 ,!re 0 to be a f$]al gov]nm5t 9 ?ree bran*es1 legislative1 executive1 judicial2 a f$]al army ( ab\t ?ree hundr$ ?\s& m51 & a p[]ful f$]al fleet4 ,! purpose ( ! f$]ation 0 to put an end once & =ev] to w>s1 bo? civil & int]national4 ,probably ! two great /atesm5 7 n sangu9e z to ! imm$iate success ( _! ,great ,design1 & d\btless none knew bett] ?an !y t x w\ld co/ at lea/ "o mighty w> to e/abli% x4 ,b !re is a l>g5ess ( view ab\t ! s*eme t is refre%+ to meet 9 a _w ( arid & n>r[ commonplaces4 ,) all _! bread? ( vision1 h[ev]1 ,h5ry & ,sully w\ld surely h be5 amaz$ _h !y be5 told t ! h&ful ( half-/>v$ ,engli%m5 at ,jame/[n 7 inaugurat+ a political & social developm5t t 9 c\rse ( "t w\ld contribute p[]fully t[>d ! success ( some?+ l _! ,great ,design4 ,9 human affairs a p]iod ( ?ree c5turies is a brief "o1 & ! progress already made 9 ! direction t[>d :i* ! two great ,fr5*m5 7 look+ is significant & prophetic4 ,! va/ armam5ts n[ ma9ta9$ on ! cont95t ( ,europe _c possibly endure4 ,economic necessities w put an end to !m be=e _m ye>s4 ,b dis>mam5t1 app>5tly1 c only proce$ p>i passu ) ! e/abli%m5t ( peaceful me?ods ( settl+ int]national que/ions4 ,! ma*9]y = ?is w probably be f\nd 9 ! fur!r developm5t ( two in/itutions t h already come into exi/5ce1 ! ,int]national ,congress & ! ,c\rt ( ,arbitration4 ,! exi/5ce ( ^! in/itutions1 :i* is n[ occasional1 w t5d to become p]man5t3 ! =m] w deal pref]ably ) ! e/abli%m5t ( g5]al pr9ciples1 ! latt] ) _! judicial application to special cases4 ,z ,european congresses meet n[ ^u extraord9>y occasions1 s once x 0 ) ! congresses ( ! ,am]ican colonies1 su* z ! ,new ,york ,congress ( #afij & ! ,albany ,congress ( #aged = conc]t+ measures aga9/ ,new ,france1 & ! ,new ,york ,congress ( #agfe = prote/+ aga9/ ! ,/amp ,act4 ,!n came ! ,cont95tal ,congress ( #aggd1 :i* circum/ances kept 9 exi/5ce = fifte5 ye>s1 until a political revolution rea*$ its consummation 9 replac+ x by a completely organiz$ f$]al gov]nm5t4 ,9 #aged ! possibility ( a p]man5t f$]ation ( ,am]ican /ates 0 d]id$ z an idle dream ( ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 & ,?omas ,hut*9son4 ,v little love 0 lo/ betwe5 ! p ( diff]5t colonies2 & :5 ! crisis came on1 aft] #aghc1 ! majority hat$ & dread$ a p]man5t ,f$]al ,union1 & accept$ x only z ! alt]native to some?+ worse1 namely1 an>*y & civil w>4 ,9 l mann]1 x may be surmis$ z n improbable t 9 c\rse ( "t ! occasions = summon+ ,european congresses w recur ) increas+ frequ5cy until ! functions :i* !y are call$ ^u to dis*>ge w conv]t !m into a p]man5t in/itution4 ,su* a developm5t1 comb9$ ) ! increas$ employm5t ( arbitration1 mu/ ultimately t5d t[>d ! creation ( a ,f$]al ,union 9 ,europe4 ,! fact t su* a result w be hat$ & dread$ by _m p1 p]haps by ! great majority1 ne$ n prev5t its be+ accept$ & acquiesc$ 9 z ! alt]native to some?+ worse1 namely1 ! indef9ite cont9uance ( ! sy/em ( va/ armam5ts4 ,by ! "t :5 su* a result comes cle>ly )9 sight1 x w v likely h be5 made evid5t t ! policy ( isolation :i* our c\ntry has wisely pursu$ = ! c5tury pa/ _c be ma9ta9$ p]petually4 ,:5 ,wa%+ton wrote 8 ,f>ewell ,address1 ! dang] ( our gett+ dragg$ into ! mighty /ruggle !n rag+ 9 ,europe 0 a real & s]i\s dang]1 aga9/ :i* we ne$$ to be solemnly w>n$4 ,s9ce !n times h *ang$1 & !y are *ang+ /ill4 ,f a nation sc>cely /rong] ?an ,portugal we h become equal to ! /ronge/4 ,railways1 telegraphs1 & int]national indu/ries are mak+ e "p ( ! _w ! neighb\r ( e o!r "p4 ,to pres]ve a policy ( isolation w n always be possible1 nor w x be desirable4 ,situations w arise 7if !y h n already aris57 9 :i* su* moral weight z ! ,unit$ ,/ates c ex]t w be call$ =4 ,! pacification ( ,europe1 !re=e1 is n an affair t is =eign to our int]e/s4 ,9 t1 z 9 e o!r aspect ( ! ,*ri/ian policy ( peace on e>? & good w to m51 we are mo/ deeply conc]n$2 & e incid5t1 l ! pres5t ,arbitration ,treaty1 t promises to advance u ev5 by "o /ep t[>d ! sublime result1 x is our solemn duty to welcome & enc\rage by all ! means )9 our p[]4 ,febru>y1 #ahig4 ,,viii ,,francis ,,p>kman#be ,9 ! summ] ( #ahfe ,i _h occasion almo/ daily to pass by ! pleasant w9d[s ( ,little1 ,br[n ,co41 9 ,bo/on1 & x 0 n an easy ?+ to d )\t /opp+ = a mom5t to look 9 ^u _! ample treasures4 ,among ! fre%e/ novelties !re display$ 7 to be se5 ,"l ,d]by's translation ( ! ,iliad1 ,=sy?'s ,life ( ,cic]o1 ,colonel ,higg9son's ,epictetus1 a new edition ( ,edmund ,burke's writ+s1 & ! ta/eful repr9t ( ,fr\de's ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 j 9 f ! ,riv]side ,press4 ,"o day1 9 ! mid/ ( su* "t-hon\r$ classics & new books on well-worn !mes1 !re appe>$ a /rang] t claim$ att5tion & ar\s$ curiosity4 ,x 0 a mode/ cr[n octavo1 clad 9 sombre g>b1 & be>+ ! title ,pione]s ( ,france 9 ! ,new ,_w4 ,! au?or's "n 0 n famili> to me1 b pres5tly ,i rememb]$ hav+ se5 x ^u a /\t] volume labell$ ,! ,conspiracy ( ,pontiac1 ( :i* _m copies us$ to /& 9 a r[ f> back 9 ! inn] & dusky regions ( ! %op4 ,?is old] book ,i _h once tak5 d[n f its %elf1 j to quiet a lazy d\bt z to :e!r ,pontiac might be ! "n ( a man or a place4 ,_h t conspiracy be5 an ev5t 9 ,m]ov+ian ,gaul or 9 ,borgia's ,italy1 ,i %\ld h felt a tw+e ( consci5ce at n kn[+ ab\t x2 b ! de$s ( fea!r$ & pa9t$ r$ m5 on ! ,great ,lakes & ! ,alleghanies1 only a c5tury old1 seem$ remote & trivial4 ,inde$1 ) ! old-fa%ion$ /udy ( ! humanities1 :i* t5d$ to keep ! ,m$it]ranean too exclusively 9 ! c5tre ( "o's field ( vision1 x 0 n always easy to get "o's hi/orical p]spective correctly adju/$4 ,sc5es & ev5ts t come )9 ! direct l9e ( our spiritual ance/ry1 :i* until ye/]day 0 all 9 ! ,old ,_w1 ?us become unduly magnifi$1 s z to dead5 our s5se ( ! int]e/ & importance ( ! ?+s t h happ5$ s9ce our =efa!rs w5t =? f _! home/eads to grapple ) ! t]rors ( an outly+ wild]ness4 ,we f9d no difficulty 9 realiz+ ! hi/oric significance ( ,m>a?on & ,*alons1 ( ! b>ons at ,runnym$e or ,lu!r at ,witt5b]g2 & sc>cely a hill or a mead[ 9 ! ,romans ,europe b blooms = u ) fl[]s ( romance4 ,lit]ature & philosophy1 art & song1 h exp5d$ _! ri*e/ treasures 9 add+ to ! wit*]y ( ,old ,_w spots & ,old ,_w !mes4 ,b z we le>n to broad5 our horizon1 ! p]spective becomes some:at %ift$4 ,x beg9s to dawn ^u u t 9 ,new ,_w ev5ts1 also1 !re is a r>e & pot5t fasc9ation4 ,n only is !re ! int]e/ ( _! pres5t importance1 :i* nobody w\ld be likely to d5y1 b !re is ! *>m ( a hi/oric pa/ z full ( romance z any *apt] :atev] 9 ! annals ( mank9d4 ,! ,alleghanies z well z ! ,ap5n9es h look$ d[n ^u great causes lo/ & won1 & ! ,mohawk ,valley is classic gr\nd no less ?an ! banks ( ! ,rh9e4 ,to appreciate ^! ?+s ?irty ye>s ago requir$ ! vision ( a ma/] 9 ! field ( hi/ory2 & :5 ,i c>ri$ home & read ! ,pione]s ( ,france1 ,i saw at once t 9 ,francis ,p>kman we _h f\nd su* a ma/]4 ,! read+ ( ! book 0 = me1 z d\btless = _m o!rs1 a pione] exp]i5ce 9 ?is ,new ,_w4 ,x 0 a delightful exp]i5ce1 repeat$ & prolong$ = _m a ye>1 z ^? glori\s volumes came "o aft] ano!r f ! press1 until ! /ory ( ! /ruggle betwe5 ,france & ,engl& = ! possession ( ,nor? ,am]ica 0 at la/ complet$4 ,x 0 an exp]i5ce ( :i* ! full significance requir$ /udy 9 _m & app>5tly div]se fields to realize4 ,by /ep aft] /ep "o w\ld alight ^u new ways ( reg>d+ ,am]ica & its place 9 univ]sal hi/ory4 ,fir/ & mo/ obvi\s1 pla9ly visible f ! ?re%old ( ! subject1 0 its extreme picturesqu5ess4 ,x is a widespread notion t ,am]ican hi/ory is commonplace & dull2 & z = ! ,am]ican r$ man1 he is (t5 ?\ght to be f9ally dispos$ ( :5 we h /igmatiz$ him z a blood?ir/y demon & grovell+ bea/4 ,x is safe to say t ^? :o ent]ta9 su* notions h nev] read ,mr4 ,p>kman4 ,9 ! !me :i* occupi$ him 8 poet's eye saw no?+ t 0 dull or commonplace4 ,to br+ him vividly be=e u1 ,i w quote 8 own words f "o ( ! introductory pages ( 8 op5+ volume3-- ,! ,fr5* dom9ion is a memory ( ! pa/2 & :5 we evoke its dep>t$ %ades1 !y rise ^u u f _! graves 9 /range romantic guise4 ,aga9 _! gho/ly camp fires seem to burn1 & ! fitful light is ca/ ar\nd on "l & vassal & black-rob$ prie/1 m+l$ ) wild =ms ( savage w>riors1 knit 9 close fell[%ip on ! same /]n err&4 ,a b\ndless vision gr[s ^u u3 an untam$ cont95t2 va/ wa/es ( =e/ v]dure2 m\nta9s sil5t 9 primeval sleep2 riv]1 lake1 & glimm]+ pool2 wild]ness oceans m+l+ ) ! sky4 ,su* 0 ! doma9 :i* ,france conqu]$ = civilization4 ,plum$ helmets gleam$ 9 ! %ade ( its =e/s1 prie/ly ve/m5ts 9 its d5s & fa/nesses ( anci5t b>b>ism4 ,m5 /eep$ 9 antique le>n+1 pale ) ! close brea? ( ! cloi/]1 "h sp5t ! noon & ev5+ ( _! lives1 rul$ savage hordes ) a mild p>5tal sway1 & /ood s]5e be=e ! dire/ %apes ( dea?4 ,m5 ( c\rtly nurture1 heirs to ! poli% ( a f>-rea*+ ance/ry1 "h ) _! dauntless h>dihood put to %ame ! bolde/ sons ( toil4 ,:5 a writ] 9 s5t5ces t are m]e g5]alizations gives u su* pictures z ^!1 "o has mu* to expect f 8 detail$ n>rative1 gl[+ ) sympa?y & cr[d$ ) incid5t4 ,9 ,p>kman's books su* expectations are nev] disappo9t$4 ,:at 0 an unc\? & h[l+ wild]ness 9 ! _w ( lit]ature he has tak5 = 8 own doma91 & peopl$ x =ev] ) liv+ figures1 da9ty & w9some1 or grim & t]rible1 or sprightly & gay4 ,nev] %all be =gott5 ! beautiful e>ne/ness1 ! dev\t s]5ity1 ! bli! c\rage1 ( ,*ampla92 nev] c we =get ! sa9tly ,m>ie de l',inc>nation1 ! delicate & long-suff]+ ,lalemant1 ! lionlike ,brbeuf1 ! *ivalr\s ,maisonneuve1 ! grim & wily ,pontiac1 or t man aga9/ :om fate sick5$ ( cont5d+1 ! mighty & ma/]ful ,la ,salle4 ,^!1 ) _m a comrade & foe1 h n[ _! place 9 lit]ature z p]man5t & sure z ,tancr$ or ,/4 ,boniface1 z ! ,cid or ,rob]t ,bruce4 ,z ! w& ( ,scott reveal$ unsuspect$ dep?s ( human int]e/ 9 ,bord] ca/le & ,highl& gl51 s x seems t ,nor? ,am]ica 0 b await+ ! magician's t\* t %\ld inve/ its riv]s & hillsides ) memories ( great days gone by4 ,p>kman's sweep has be5 a wide "o1 & _m are ! spots t 8 w& has t\*$1 f ! cliffs ( ! ,sagu5ay to ! ,texas coa/1 & f ,acadia to ! we/]n slopes ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,i d n =get t e>li] writ]s ?an ,p>kman _h felt some?+ ( ! picturesqu5ess & ! elem5ts ( dramatic =ce 9 ! hi/ory ( ! conque/ ( our cont95t4 ,9 p>ticul>1 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! r$ m5 & ! incid5ts ( =e/ life _h long ago be5 made ! !me ( novels & poems1 su* z !y 72 ,i wond] h[ _m p ( to-day rememb] ev5 ! names ( su* books z ,yonnondio or ,kabaosa8 ,all su* "w 0 ?r[n into ! %ade by t ( ,f5imore ,coop]1 ^: g5ius1 ?\gh limit$1 0 und5iable4 ,b :5 we m5tion ,coop] we are br\ght at once by contra/ to ! secret ( ,p>kman's p[]4 ,x has long be5 recogniz$ t ,coop]'s ,indians are m or less unreal2 j su* creatures nev] exi/$ any:]e4 ,:5 ,corneille & ,rac9e put anci5t ,greeks or ,romans on ! /age !y dress$ !m 9 velvet & gold lace1 fl[+ wigs & high buckl$ %oes1 & made !m talk l ,l\is ,,xiv4's c\rti]s2 9 sev5te5?-c5tury dramati/s ! hi/orical s5se 0 lack+4 ,9 ! next age x 0 n mu* bett]4 ,:5 ,r\sseau _h occasion to philosophize ab\t m5 9 a /ate ( nature he inv5t$ ! ,noble ,savage1 an insuff]able creature :om any real savage w\ld ju/ly loa! & despise4 ,! noble savage has figur$ ext5sively 9 mod]n lit]ature1 & has left 8 m>k ^u ,coop]'s pleasant pages z well z ^u _m a *apt] ( s]i\s hi/ory4 ,b y _c introduce unreal ,indians z factors 9 ! developm5t ( a n>rative )\t ?r[+ a %imm] ( unreality ab\t ! :ole /ory4 ,x is l br++ 9 gho/s or gobl9s among live m5 & wom53 x in/antly conv]ts sob] n>rative into fairy tale2 ! two worlds w no m mix ?an oil & wat]4 ,! anci5t & m$ival m9ds did n f9d x s1 z ! numb]less hi/ories encumb]$ ) ! sup]natural te/ify2 b ! mod]n m9d does f9d x s4 ,! mod]n m9d has tak5 a little draught1 ! prelude to deep] draughts1 at ! heal+ & purify+ well ( sci5ce2 & x has begun to be dissatisfi$ ) any?+ %ort ( exact tru?4 ,:5 any uns\nd elem5t ent]s into a n>rative1 ! ta9t is quickly ta/$1 & its flav\r spoils ! :ole4 ,we are !n br\ght1 ,i say1 to ! secret ( ,p>kman's p[]4 ,8 ,indians are true to ! life4 ,9 8 pages ,pontiac is a man ( w>m fle% & blood1 z mu* s z ,montcalm or ,israel ,putnam4 ,?is solid reality 9 ! ,indians makes ! :ole "w real & conv9c+4 ,"h is ! great contra/ betwe5 ,p>kman's "w & t ( ,prescott1 9 s f> z ! latt] dealt ) ,am]ican !mes4 ,9 read+ ,prescott's acc\nt ( ! conque/ ( ,mexico1 "o feels "o's self 9 ! _w ( ! ,arabian ,nights2 inde$1 ! au?or himself1 9 occasional comm5ts1 lets u see t he is unable to get rid ( j su* a feel+4 ,8 /ory moves on 9 a region t is unreal to him1 & !re=e tantaliz+ to ! read]2 8 ,montezuma is a p]sonality l none t ev] exi/$ b5ea? ! moon4 ,?is is because ,prescott simply foll[$ 8 ,spani% au?orities n only 9 _! /atem5ts ( physical fact1 b 9 _! inevitable misconceptions ( ! /range ,aztec society :i* !y enc\nt]$2 ! ,aztecs 9 8 /ory are unreal1 & ?is false note vitiates x all4 ,9 8 ,p]uvian /ory ,prescott foll[$ saf] lead]s 9 ,g>cilasso de la ,vega & ,cieza de ,leon1 & made a mu* tru] picture2 b he lack$ ! e?nological k ne$ful = com+ into t\* ) t anci5t society1 & "o (t5 feels ?is z ! weak spot 9 a n>rative ( m>vell\s p[] & beauty4 ,n[ x 0 ,p>kman's good =tune at an e>ly age to realize t 9 ord] to d 8 "w x 0 fir/ ( all necess>y to "k ! ,indian by p]sonal fell[%ip & contact4 ,x 0 also 8 good =tune t ! "r sort ( ,indians 7 /ill accessible4 ,:at w\ld n ,prescott h giv51 :at w\ld n any /ud5t ( human evolution give1 = a *ance to pass a week or ev5 a day 9 su* a community z ! ,tlascala ( ,xicot5catl or ! ,mexico ( ,montezuma6 ,t phase ( social developm5t has long s9ce disappe>$4 ,b fifty ye>s ago1 on our great we/]n pla9s & among ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 !re /ill prevail$ a /ate ( society ess5tially simil> to t :i* greet$ ! eyes ( ,*ampla9 ^u ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce & ( ,john ,smi? ^u ! ,*ickahom9y4 ,9 ^? days ! ,oregon ,trail _h *ang$ b little s9ce ! memorable j\rney ( ,lewis & ,cl>k 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury4 ,9 #ahdf1 two ye>s aft] tak+ 8 ba*elor degree at ,h>v>d1 "y ,p>kman _h a ta/e ( ! excitem5ts ( savage life 9 t primeval wild]ness4 ,he 0 accompani$ by 8 k9sman1 ,mr4 ,qu9cy ,%aw4 ,!y jo9$ a rov+ tribe ( ,si\x ,indians1 at a "t :5 to d su* a ?+ 0 to take _! lives 9 _! h&s1 & !y sp5t a wild summ] among ! ,black ,hills ( ,dakota & 9 ! va/ moorl& solitudes ?r\gh :i* ! ,platte ,riv] w9ds its int]m9able l5g?4 ,9 ! *ase & 9 ! wigwam1 9 wat*+ ! sorc]y ( :i* _! religion *iefly consi/$1 or 9 li/5+ to primitive folk tales by ! ev5+ camp fire1 ,p>kman le>n$ to und]/& ! r$ man1 to int]pret 8 motives & 8 moods4 ,) 8 naturali/'s ke5 & accurate eye & 8 quick poetic appreh5sion1 t y\?ful exp]i5ce =m$ a safe f\ndation = all 8 future "w4 ,f t "t =? he 0 fitt$ to absorb ! records & memorials ( ! e>ly explor]s1 & to make _! /range exp]i5ces 8 own4 ,! next /ep 0 to ga!r ^! e>ly records f gov]nm5t ar*ives1 & f libr>ies public & private1 on bo? sides ( ! ,atlantic1--a task1 z ,p>kman himself call$ x1 abundantly irksome & labori\s4 ,x ext5d$ ov] _m ye>s & involv$ sev]al visits to ,europe4 ,x 0 p]=m$ ) a ?or\ghness approa*+ f9ality4 ,already 9 ! preface to ! ,pione]s ! au?or 0 able to say t he _h ga9$ access to all ! publi%$ mat]ials 9 exi/5ce4 ,( 8 rese>* among manuscript s\rces a notable monum5t exi/s 9 a cab9et n[ /&+ 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,society1 conta9+ ne>ly two hundr$ folio volumes ( docum5ts copi$ f ! orig9als by exp]t copyi/s4 ,ability to incur heavy exp5se is1 ( c\rse1 a pr]equisite = all und]tak+s ( ?is sort1 & h]e9 our hi/orian 0 fav\r$ by =tune4 ,aga9/ ?is *iefe/ among advantages 7 to be (fset ! h>d%ips entail$ by delicate heal? & inability to use ! eyes = read+ & writ+4 ,p>kman always dictat$ in/ead ( hold+ ! p51 & 8 huge mass ( docum5ts _h to be read al\d to him4 ,! h]oism %[n ye> aft] ye> 9 cont5d+ ) physical ailm5ts 0 ! index ( a "* fit to be mat$1 = its p]t9aci\s c\rage1 ) ! h]oes t live 9 ^? %9+ pages4 ,! progress 9 work+ up mat]ials 0 sl[ & sure4 ,! ,conspiracy ( ,pontiac1 :i* =ms ! sequel & conclusion ( ,p>kman's "w1 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #ahea1 only five ye>s aft] ! summ] sp5t ) ! ,indians2 f\rte5 ye>s !n elaps$ be=e ! ,pione]s made its appe>ance 9 ,little1 ,br[n ,co4's w9d[2 & !n !re 7 yet sev5-&-tw5ty ye>s m be=e ! f9al volumes came out 9 #ahib4 ,altoge!r1 ab\t half a c5tury 0 requir$ = ! build+ ( ?is gr& lit]>y monum5t4 ,n[h]e c we f9d a bett] illu/ration ( ! ,fr5* critic's def9ition ( a great life1--a ?\ght conceiv$ 9 y\?1 & realiz$ 9 lat] ye>s4 ,?is elaborat5ess ( prep>ation _h its %>e 9 produc+ ! int5se vividness ( ,p>kman's descriptions4 ,pr(usion ( detail makes !m seem l ! acc\nts ( an eye-witness4 ,! realism is s /rong t ! au?or seems to h come 9 p]son fre% f ! sc5es he describes1 ) ! smoke ( ! battle hov]+ ab\t him & its fi]ce light gl[+ 9 8 eyes4 ,su* realism is usually ! pr]ogative ( ! noveli/ r ?an ( ! hi/orian1 & 9 "o ( 8 prefaces ,p>kman recognizes t ! read] may feel ?is & suspect him4 ,if at times1 he says1 x may seem t range has be5 all[$ to fancy1 x is s 9 appe>ance only1 s9ce ! m9ute/ details ( n>rative or description re/ on au!ntic docum5ts or on p]sonal obs]vation4 ,?is k9d ( p]sonal obs]vation ,p>kman c>ri$ s f> z to visit all ! important localities1 inde$ well-nigh all ! localities1 t =m ! sc5]y ( 8 /ory1 & /udy !m ) ! pati5ce ( a surveyor & ! disc]n+ eye ( a l&scape pa9t]4 ,8 /rong love ( nature add$ ke5 ze/ to ?is sort ( "w4 ,f boyhood he 0 a trapp] & hunt]2 9 lat] ye>s he became em95t z a horticulturi/1 orig9at+ new v>ieties ( fl[]s4 ,to sleep "u ! op5 sky 0 8 delight4 ,8 books fairly reek ) ! fragrance ( p9e woods4 ,i op5 "o ( !m at r&om1 & my eye falls ^u su* a s5t5ce z ?is3 ,!re is s(tness 9 ! mell[ air1 ! w>m sun%9e1 & ! budd+ leaves ( spr+2 & 9 ! =e/ fl[]1 :i*1 m delicate ?an ! pamp]$ (fspr+ ( g>d5s1 lifts its t5d] head ?r\gh ! refuse & decay ( ! wild]ness4 ,look+ at ! context1 ,i f9d t ?is s5t5ce comes 9 a rem>kable passage sugge/$ by ,colonel ,h5ry ,b\quet's we/]n exp$ition ( #agfd1 :5 he compell$ ! ,indians to set free s _m ,fr5* & ,engli% prison]s4 ,"s ( ^! captives 7 unwill+ to leave ! society ( ! r$ m52 "s positively refus$ to accept ! boon ( :at 0 call$ fre$om4 ,9 ?is /range conduct1 exclaims ,p>kman1 !re 0 no unacc\ntable p]v]sity2 & he breaks out ) two pages ( noble di?yrambics 9 praise ( savage life4 ,to him :o has once ta/$ ! reckless indep5d5ce1 ! haughty self-reliance1 ! s5se ( irresponsible fre$om1 :i* ! =e/ life eng5d]s1 civilization !nce=? seems flat & /ale4444 ,! entrapp$ w&]] gr[s fi]ce & re/less1 & pants = brea?+ room4 ,8 pa?1 x is true1 0 *ok$ ) difficulties1 b 8 body & s\l 7 h>d5$ to meet !m2 x 0 beset ) dang]s1 b ^! 7 ! v spice ( 8 life1 gladd5+ 8 he>t ) exult+ self-confid5ce1 & s5d+ ! blood ?r\gh 8 ve9s ) a liveli] curr5t4 ,! wild]ness1 r\gh1 h>%1 & inexorable1 has *>ms m pot5t 9 _! s$uctive influ5ce ?an all ! lures ( luxury & slo?4 ,& (t5 he on :om x has ca/ its magic f9ds no he>t to dissolve ! spell1 & rema9s a w&]] & an ,i%maelite to ! h\r ( 8 dea?4#bf ,no "o c d\bt t ! man :o c\ld write l ?is _h ! k9d ( temp]am5t t c\ld look into ! ,indian's m9d & portray him correctly4 ,b = ?is inborn temp]am5t all 8 microscopic indu/ry w\ld h avail$ him b little4 ,to use 8 own words3 ,fai?fulness to ! tru? ( hi/ory involves f> m ?an a rese>*1 h[ev] pati5t & scrupul\s1 into special facts4 ,su* facts may be detail$ ) ! mo/ m9ute exactness1 & yet ! n>rative1 tak5 z a :ole1 may be unmean+ or untrue4 ,^! are gold5 words = ! /ud5t ( ! hi/orical art to pond]4 ,to make a tru?ful record ( a vani%$ age pati5t s*ol>%ip is ne$$1 & some?+ m4 ,into ! mak+ ( a hi/orian !re %\ld ent] some?+ ( ! philosoph]1 some?+ ( ! naturali/1 some?+ ( ! poet4 ,9 ,p>kman ?is r>e union ( qualities 0 realiz$ 9 a great] degree ?an 9 any o!r ,am]ican hi/orian4 ,inde$1 ,i d\bt if ! n9ete5? c5tury c %[ 9 any "p ( ! _w ano!r hi/orian q 8 equal 9 respect ( su* a union4 ,!re is "o ?+ :i* l5ds to ,p>kman's "w a peculi> int]e/1 & w be sure to make x gr[ 9 fame ) ! ages4 ,n only has he left ! tru?ful record ( a vani%$ age s complete & f9al t ! "w w nev] ne$ to be done aga91 b if any "o %\ld 9 future attempt to d x aga9 he _c approa* ! task ) q su* equipm5t z ,p>kman4 ,9 an important s5se1 ! age ( ,pontiac is f> m remote f u ?an ! age ( ,clovis or ! age ( ,agamemnon4 ,:5 b>b>ic society is ov]:elm$ by advanc+ waves ( civilization1 its vani%+ is f9al2 ! ?read ( tradition is cut (f =ev] ) ! %e>s ( ,fate4 ,:]e are ,montezuma's ,aztecs8 ,_! physical (fspr+ /ill dwell on ! table-l& ( ,mexico1 & _! anci5t spee* is /ill he>d 9 ! /reets1 b t old society is z ext9ct z ! trilobites1 & has to be pa9fully /udi$ 9 fossil fragm5ts ( cu/om & tradition4 ,s ) ! r$ m5 ( ! ,nor?3 x is n true t !y are dy+ out physically1 z _m p suppose1 b _! /age ( society is fa/ disappe>+1 & soon x w h vani%$ =ev]4 ,soon _! race w be swall[$ up & =gott51 j z we ov]look & ignore to-day ! exi/5ce ( five ?\s& ,iroquois f>m]s 9 ! /ate ( ,new ,york4 ,n[ ! /udy ( comp>ative e?nology has begun to tea* u t ! r$ ,indian is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( m54 ,he repres5ts a /age ( evolution ?r\gh :i* civiliz$ m5 h once pass$1--a /age f> m anci5t & primitive ?an t :i* is depict$ 9 ! ,odyssey or 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis4 ,:5 ,*ampla9 & ,front5ac met ! fea!r$ *iefta9s ( ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 !y talk$ ) m5 ( ! ,/one ,age face to face4 ,phases ( life t _h vani%$ f ,europe long be=e ,rome 0 built surviv$ 9 ,am]ica long en\gh to be se5 & /udi$ by mod]n m54 ,beh9d ,mr4 ,p>kman's picturesqu5ess1 !re=e1 !re lies a significance f> m pr(\nd ?an "o at fir/ w\ld suspect4 ,he has portray$ = u a wondr\s & =ev] fasc9at+ /age 9 ! evolution ( humanity4 ,we may well ?ank ,heav5 = s5d+ u su* a s*ol>1 su* an arti/1 su* a g5ius1 be=e x 0 too late4 ,z we look at ! *anges wr\ght 9 ! la/ fifty ye>s1 we realize t already ! opportunities by :i* he pr(it$ 9 y\? are 9 l>ge measure lo/4 ,he came n a mom5t too soon to cat* ! fleet+ light & fix x ^u 8 immortal canvas4 ,?us ,p>kman is to be reg>d$ z fir/ ( all ! hi/orian ( ,primitive ,society4 ,no o!r great hi/orian has dealt intellig5tly & consecutively ) su* phases ( b>b>ism z he describes ) su* lov+ m9ut5ess4 ,to ! old] hi/orians all races ( m5 v f> bel[ ! ,european grade ( culture seem$ alike2 all 7 ignorantly gr\p$ toge!r z savages4 ,mr4 ,lewis ,morgan fir/ %[$ ! wide diff]5ce betwe5 true savages1 su* z ! ,apa*es & ,bannocks on ! "o h&1 & b>b>ians ) develop$ village life1 l ! ,five ,nations & ! ,*]okees4 ,! latt] tribes 9 ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies exhibit$ social ph5om5a su* z 7 probably witness$ ab\t ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean "s sev5 or eight ?\s& ye>s e>li]4 ,if we c>ry our ?\ghts back to ! "t t saw ! build+ ( ! ,great ,pyramid1 & imag9e civiliz$ ,egypt look+ nor?w>d & ea/w>d ^u tribes ( :ite m5 ) social & political ideas n mu* m advanc$ ?an ^? ( ,front5ac's r$ m51 our picture w be 9 its mo/ ess5tial features a correct "o4 ,:at w\ld we n give = a hi/orian :o1 ) a p5 l t ( ,h]odotus1 c\ld br+ be=e u ! sc5es ( t primeval ,greek _w be=e ! cyclopean works at ,tiryns 7 built1 :5 ! ance/ors ( ,solon & ,ari/ides did n yet dwell 9 neatly jo9]$ h\ses & fa/5 _! door-lat*es ) a ?ong1 :5 ! sacr$ city-/ate 0 /ill unkn[n1 & ! c\ntryman _h n yet become a bucolic or t5d] ( c[s1 & butt] & *eese 7 /ill 9 ! future6 ,no writt5 records c ev] take u back to t "t 9 t place2 = !re1 z ev]y:]e 9 ! ea/]n hemisph]e1 ! art ( writ+ came _m ye>s lat] ?an ! dome/ication ( animals1 & "s ages lat] ?an ! fir/ build+ ( t[ns4 ,b 9 spite ( ! lack ( writt5 records1 ! comp>ative /udy ( in/itutions1 especially comp>ative jurisprud5ce1 ?r[s back ^u ^? prehi/oric times a light t is (t5 dim1 b sometimes wond]fully sugge/ive & in/ructive4 ,x is a light t reveals among primeval ,greeks ideas & cu/oms ess5tially simil> to ^? ( ! ,iroquois4 ,x is a light t gr[s /eadi] & bright] z x leads u to ! conclusion t five or six ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/ :ite m5 ar\nd ! gean ,sea _h advanc$ ab\t z f> z ! r$ m5 9 ! ,mohawk ,valley two c5turies ago4 ,! "o phase ( ?is primitive society illum9ates ! o!r1 ?\gh extreme caution is necess>y 9 draw+ our inf]5ces4 ,n[ ,p>kman's m9ute & vivid description ( primitive society among r$ m5 is full ( lessons t may be appli$ ) pr(it to ! /udy ( preclassic antiquity 9 ! ,old ,_w4 ,no o!r hi/orian has br\ght u into su* close & famili> contact ) human life 9 su* anci5t /ages ( its progress4 ,9 ,p>kman's great book we h a record ( vani%$ conditions su* z h>dly exi/s any:]e else 9 lit]ature4 ,i say 8 great book1 us+ ! s+ul> numb]2 =1 ) ! exception ( t breezy bit ( autobiography1 ,! ,oregon ,trail1 all ,p>kman's books are ! closely relat$ volumes ( a s+le compreh5sive "w4 ,f ! adv5tures ( ,! ,pione]s ( ,france a consecutive /ory is develop$ ?r\gh ,! ,jesuits 9 ,nor? ,am]ica & ,! ,discov]y ( ! ,great ,we/4 ,9 ,! ,old ,rgime 9 ,canada x is cont9u$ ) a ma/]ly analysis ( ,fr5* me?ods ( colonization 9 ?is _! greate/ colony1 & !n f ,front5ac & ,new ,france "u ,l\is ,,xiv4 we are l$ ?r\gh ,a ,half-,c5tury ( ,conflict to ! gr& climax 9 ! volumes on ,montcalm & ,wolfe1 aft] :i* ,! ,conspiracy ( ,pontiac br+s ! long n>rative to a noble & brilliant close4 ,9 ! fir/ volume we see ! m5 ( ! ,/one ,age at t brief mom5t :5 !y 7 dispos$ to adore ! be>d$ newcom]s z ,*ildr5 ( ! ,sun2 9 ! la/ we read ! bloody /ory ( _! la/ & mo/ desp]ate conc]t$ ef=t to loos5 ! iron grasp ) :i* ^! palefaces _h seiz$ & 7 hold+ ! cont95t4 ,x is a well-r\nd$ tale1 & z complete z any?+ 9 real hi/ory1 :]e complet5ess & f9ality are ?+s unkn[n4 ,betwe5 ! beg9n+ & ! end ( ?is well-r\nd$ tale a mighty drama is wr\ght out 9 all its sc5es4 ,! /ruggle betwe5 ,france & ,engl& = ! soil ( ,nor? ,am]ica 0 "o ( ! great critical mom5ts 9 ! c>e] ( mank9d1--no less important ?an ! /ruggle betwe5 ,greece & ,p]sia1 or betwe5 ,rome & ,c>?age4 ,out ( ! long & complicat$ int]action betwe5 ,roman & ,teutonic in/itutions :i* made up ! hi/ory ( ! ,middle ,ages1 two /rongly contra/$ =ms ( political society _h gr[n up & acquir$ aggressive /r5g? :5 9 ! c\rse ( ! sixte5? c5tury a ,new ,_w beyond ! sea 0 laid op5 = colonization4 ,! m>itime nations ( ,europe 7 naturally ! ones to be attract$ to ?is new ar5a ( ent]prise2 & ,spa91 ,portugal1 ,france1 ,engl&1 & ,holl& ea* play$ its int]e/+ & *>act]i/ic "p4 ,spa9 at fir/ claim$ ! :ole1 except+ only t ,brazilian coa/ :i* ,borgia's decree gave to ,portugal4 ,b ,spa9's me?ods1 z well z h] e>ly failure ( /r5g?1 prev5t$ h] f mak+ good h] claim4 ,spa9's me?ods 7 limit$ to /epp+ into ! place =m]ly occupi$ by ! conqu]+ races ( half-civiliz$ ,indians4 ,%e made aborig9al tribes "w = h]1 j z ! ,aztec ,conf$]acy & ! ,inca dyna/y _h done4 ,:]e %e 0 br\ght into direct contact ) ,am]ican b>b>ism )\t ! int]m$iation ( half-civiliz$ native races1 %e made little or no headway4 ,h] e>ly failure ( /r5g?1 on ! o!r h&1 0 due to h] total absorption 9 ! fight aga9/ civil & religi\s lib]ty 9 ,europe4 ,! failure became app>5t z soon z ! absorption _h begun to be complete4 ,spa9's la/ aggressive ef=t 9 ! ,new ,_w 0 ! de/ruction ( ! little ,hugu5ot colony 9 ,florida 9 #aefe1 & x is at t po9t t ,p>kman's great "w appropriately beg9s4 ,f t mom5t ,spa9 simply beat h] /r5g? to pieces aga9/ ! rocks ( ,ne!rl& c\rage & res\rcefulness4 ,z = ! ,ne!rl&s1 _! en]gies 7 s f> absorb$ 9 tak+ ov] & manag+ ! great ,ea/]n empire ( ! ,portuguese t _! "w 9 ! ,new ,_w 0 conf9$ to seiz+ ^u ! mo/ imp]ial geographical position1 & plant+ a cosmopolitan colony !re t1 9 ! abs5ce ( adequate support1 0 sure to fall into ! h&s ( "o or ! o!r ( ! competitors m actively engag$ ^u ! sc5e4 ,! two competitors ?us m actively engag$ 7 ,france & ,engl&1 & f an e>ly p]iod x 0 felt betwe5 ! two to be a combat 9 :i* no qu>t] 0 to be giv5 or accept$4 ,^! two /rongly contra/$ =ms ( political society _h ea* its di/9ct ideal1 & t ideal 0 to be made to prevail1 to ! utt] exclusion & de/ruction ( ! o!r4 ,probably ! ,fr5* p]ceiv$ ?is some:at e>li] ?an ! ,engli%2 !y felt x to be necess>y to /amp out ! ,engli% be=e ! latt] _h m ?an realiz$ ! necessity ( def5d+ !mselves aga9/ ! ,fr5*4 ,= ! type ( political society repres5t$ by ,l\is ,,xiv4 0 prem95tly militant1 z ! ,engli% type 0 prem95tly indu/rial4 ,! aggressiv5ess ( ! =m] 0 m di/9ctly consci\s ( its own n>r[] aims1 & 0 m delib]ately set at "w to atta9 !m1 :ile ! ,engli%1 on ! o!r h&1 r drift$ into a trem5d\s _w fight )\t di/9ct consci\sness ( _! purpose4 ,yet aft] ! f9al issue _h be5 jo9$1 ! refra9 ,c>?ago del5da e/ 0 he>d f ! ,engli% side1 & x came fraught ) imp5d+ doom f ! lips ( ,pitt z 9 days ( old f ! lips ( ,cato4 ,! ,fr5* idea1 _h x prevail$ 9 ! /rife1 w\ld n h be5 capable ( build+ up a pacific union ( p>tially indep5d5t /ates1 cov]+ ?is va/ cont95t f ocean to ocean4 ,)9 t rigid & rigor\s bureaucratic sy/em !re 0 no room = spontane\s individuality1 no room = local self-gov]nm5t1 & no *ance = a flexible f$]alism to gr[ up4 ,a well-kn[n phrase ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 01 ,! /ate is myself4 ,t phrase repres5t$ 8 ideal4 ,x 0 approximately true 9 ,old ,france1 realiz$ z f> z sundry adv]se conditions w\ld all[4 ,! ,gr& ,mon>* int5d$ t 9 ,new ,france x %\ld be absolutely true4 ,^u t fre% soil 0 to be built up a pure mon>*y )\t concession to human weaknesses & limitations4 ,x 0 a pet s*eme ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 & nev] did a philan?ropic _w-m5d] contemplate 8 grotesque phalan/]y or pant>*y ) great] pleasure ?an ?is ma/] ( k+craft look$ =w>d to ! con/ruction ( a p]fect ,*ri/ian /ate 9 ,am]ica4 ,! pages ( our great hi/orian are full ( examples :i* prove t if ! ,fr5* idea fail$ ( realization1 & ! /ate x f\nd$ 0 ov]:elm$1 x 0 n f any lack ( l(ty qualities 9 individual ,fr5*m54 ,9 all ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican cont95t no names /& high] ?an "s ( ! ,fr5* names4 ,= c\rage1 = =titude & high resolve1 = sagaci\s lead]%ip1 /atesmanlike wisdom1 unsw]v+ integrity1 devot$ loyalty1 = all ! qualities :i* make life h]oic1 we may le>n lessons innum]able f ! noble ,fr5*m5 :o ?rong 9 ,p>kman's pages4 ,! difficulty 0 n 9 ! individuals1 b 9 ! sy/em2 n 9 ! units1 b 9 ! way !y 7 put toge!r4 ,= :ile x is true--?\gh _m p d n "k x--t by no imag9able artifice c y make a society t is bett] ?an ! human units y put into x1 x is also true t no?+ is easi] ?an to make a society t is worse ?an its units4 ,s x 0 ) ! colony ( ,new ,france4 ,n[h]e c we f9d a description ( despotic gov]nm5t m c>eful & ?\ghtful1 or m graphic & lifelike1 ?an ,p>kman has giv5 u 9 8 volume on ,! ,old ,rgime 9 ,canada4 ,seldom1 too1 w "o f9d a book full] ( political wisdom4 ,! au?or nev] prea*es l ,c>lyle1 nor does he hurl huge g5]alizations at our heads l ,buckle2 he simply describes a /ate ( society t has be54 ,b ,i h>dly ne$ say t 8 description is n--l ! ,dryasdu/ descriptions we are sometimes ask$ to accept z hi/ory--a m]e mass ( pigm5ts flung at r&om ^u a canvas4 ,x is a picture pa9t$ ) consummate art2 & 9 ?is in/ance ! art consi/s 9 s h&l+ ! relations ( cause & effect z to make !m speak = !mselves4 ,^! pages are alive ) political philosophy1 & teem ) object lessons ( extraord9>y value4 ,x w\ld be h>d to po9t to any book :]e ,hi/ory m fully dis*>ges h] high function ( ga!r+ fri5dly lessons ( caution f ! errors ( ! pa/4 ,( all ! societies t h be5 compos$ ( ,european m51 probably none 0 ev] s despotically organiz$ z ,new ,france1 unless x may h be5 ! lat] ,byzant9e ,empire1 :i* x resembl$ 9 ! m9ut5ess ( elaborate sup]vision ov] all ! pettie/ details ( life4 ,9 ,canada ! protective1 pat]nal1 sociali/ic1 or nationali/ic !ory ( gov]nm5t--x is ! same old clov5 ho(1 "u :atev] speci\s "n y introduce x--0 m fully c>ri$ into op]ation ?an 9 any o!r community kn[n to hi/ory except anci5t ,p]u4 ,no room 0 left = individual initiative or ent]prise4 ,all und]tak+s 7 nationaliz$4 ,gov]nm5t look$ aft] e man's int]e/s 9 ?is _w & ! next3 baptiz$ & s*ool$ him2 m>ri$ him & paid ! bride's d[ry2 gave him a b\nty ) e *ild t 0 born to him2 /ock$ 8 cupbo>d ) g>d5 se$s & compell$ him to plant !m2 prescrib$ ! size ( 8 h\se & ! numb] ( horses & cattle he might keep1 & ! exact p]c5tages ( pr(it he might be all[$ to make1 & h[ 8 *imneys %\ld be swept1 & h[ _m s]vants he might employ1 & :at !ological doctr9e he might believe1 & :at sort ( bread ! bak]s might bake1 & :]e goods might be b\ght & h[ mu* might be paid = !m2 & if 9 a society s well c>$ = x 7 possible to f9d indig5t p]sons1 su* paup]s 7 duly reliev$1 f a fund e/abli%$ by gov]nm5t4 ,unmitigat$ b5evol5ce 0 ! !ory ( ,l\is ,,xiv4's ,canadian colony1 & he>tless political economy _h no place !re4 ,nor 0 !re any room = free ?9k]s2 :5 ! ,k+ aft] #afhe s5t out ^w t no m]cy mu/ be %[n to h]etics1 ! gov]nor1 ,d5onville1 ) a pi\s ejaculation1 repli$ t n s mu* z a s+le h]etic c\ld be f\nd 9 all ,canada4 ,su* 0 ! community ^: c>e] our hi/orian has del9eat$ ) p]fect s\ndness ( judgm5t & weal? ( k4 ,! fate ( ?is nationali/ic exp]im5t1 set on foot by "o ( ! mo/ absolute ( mon>*s & fo/]$ by "o ( ! mo/ devot$ & p[]ful ( religi\s organizations1 is trac$ to ! op]ation ( causes inh]5t 9 its v nature4 ,! hopeless p>alysis1 ! woeful corruption1 ! moral torpor1 result+ f ! suppression ( individualism1 are vividly portray$2 yet !re is no discursive g5]aliz+1 & f mom5t to mom5t ! developm5t ( ! /ory proce$s f )9 itself4 ,x is ! :ole national life ( ,new ,france t is display$ be=e u4 ,hi/orians ( ord9>y calibre exhibit _! subject 9 fragm5ts1 or !y %[ u "s phases ( life & neglect o!rs4 ,"s h no eyes save = ev5ts t are />tl+1 su* z battles & sieges2 or decorative1 su* z coronations & c\rt balls4 ,o!rs give abundant details ( mann]s & cu/oms2 o!rs h _! att5tion absorb$ by economics2 o!rs aga9 feel su* int]e/ 9 ! hi/ory ( ideas z to lose sight ( m]e mat]ial incid5ts4 ,p>kman1 on ! o!r h&1 conceives & pres5ts 8 subject z a :ole4 ,he =gets no?+1 ov]looks no?+2 b :e!r x is a bloody battle1 or a !ological pamphlet1 or an explor+ j\rney ?\gh ! =e/1 or a code = ! discipl9e ( nunn]ies1 ea* ev5t gr[s out ( its context z a feature 9 ! total developm5t t is go+ on be=e our eyes4 ,x is only ! hi/orian :o is also philosoph] & arti/ t c ?us deal 9 block ) ! great & complex life ( a :ole society4 ,! requisite comb9ation is realiz$ only 9 c]ta9 r>e & high types ( m9d1 & !re has be5 no m brilliant illu/ration ( x ?an ,p>kman's volumes af=d4 ,! /ruggle betwe5 ! ma*9e-l sociali/ic despotism ( ,new ,france & ! free & spontane\s political vitality ( ,new ,engl& is "o ( ! mo/ in/ructive object lessons ) :i* ! exp]i5ce ( mank9d has furni%$ u4 ,! dep? ( its significance is equall$ by ! va/ness ( its consequ5ces4 ,nev] did ,de/9y preside ov] a m fateful conte/2 = x det]m9$ :i* k9d ( political se$ %\ld be s[n all ov] ! wide/ & ri*e/ political g>d5 plot left untill$ 9 ! _w4 ,free indu/rial ,engl& pitt$ aga9/ despotic militant ,france = ! possession ( an anci5t cont95t res]v$ = ?is decisive /ruggle1 & dragg+ into ! conflict ! belat$ b>b>ism ( ! ,/one ,age1--su* is ! wond]ful !me :i* ,p>kman has treat$4 ,:5 ! vividly contra/$ mod]n ideas & p]sonages are set (f aga9/ ! romantic ?\gh lurid backgr\nd ( ,indian life1 ! arti/ic effect becomes simply magnific5t4 ,nev] has hi/orian grappl$ ) ano!r su* epic !me1 save :5 ,h]odotus told ! /ory ( ,greece & ,p]sia1 or :5 ,gibbon's pages res\nd$ ) ! solemn tread ( m>%all$ ho/s ?r\gh a ?\s& ye>s ( *ange4 ,! /ory ( ,mr4 ,p>kman's life c be briefly told4 ,he 0 born 9 ,bo/on1 9 :at is n[ kn[n z ,all/on ,/reet1 ,septemb] #af1 #ahbc4 ,8 ance/ors _h = sev]al g5]ations be5 hon\rably kn[n 9 ,massa*usetts4 ,8 great-gr&fa!r1 ,rev4 ,eb5ez] ,p>kman1 a graduate ( ,h>v>d 9 #agda1 0 m9i/] ( ! ,congregational *ur* 9 ,we/bor\gh = ne>ly sixty ye>s2 he 0 a man ( le>n+ & eloqu5ce1 ^: att5tion 0 n all giv5 to ,calv9i/ic !ology1 = he devot$ mu* ( x to ! /udy ( hi/ory4 ,a son ( ?is cl]gyman1 at ! age ( sev5te51 s]v$ z private 9 a ,massa*usetts regim5t 9 t greate/ ( mod]n w>s :i* 0 decid$ on ! ,heights ( ,abraham4 ,h[ little did ?is gallant y\? dream ( ! glory t 0 by & by to be %$ on ! sc5es & *>act]s pass+ be=e 8 eyes by ! g5ius ( "o ( 8 own race & "n6 ,ano!r son ( ,eb5ez] ,p>kman return$ to ,bo/on & became a successful m]*ant1 engag$ 9 t =eign traffic :i* play$ s important & lib]aliz+ a "p 9 ,am]ican life 9 ! days be=e ! ,enemy ( mank9d _h inv5t$ =ty p] c5t t>iffs4 ,! home ( ?is m]*ant1 ,samuel ,p>kman1 on ! corn] ( ,gre5 & ,*>don /reets1 0 long fam\s = its beautiful fl[] g>d51 indicat+ p]haps ! k9d ( ta/e & skill s conspicu\s aft]w>ds 9 8 gr&son4 ,9 ,samuel ! cl]ical pr(ession skipp$ "o g5]ation1 to be tak5 up aga9 by 8 son1 ,rev4 ,francis ,p>kman1 a graduate ( ,h>v>d 9 #ahjg1 & = _m ye>s aft] #ahac ! em95t & belov$ pa/or ( ! ,new ,nor? ,*ur*4 ,dr4 ,p>kman 0 not$ = 8 public _s & b5evol5ce4 ,bi%op ,hunt+ton1 :o knew him well1 says ( him3 ,e aspect ( suff]+ t\*$ him t5d]ly4 ,!re 0 no h>d spot 9 8 brea/4 ,8 h\se 0 ! c5tre ( c\ntless m]cies to v>i\s =ms ( want2 & !re 7 few solicitors ( alms1 local or it9]ant1 & :e!r = private necessity or public b5efactions1 t 8 doors did n welcome & s5d away satisfi$4444 ,= _m ye>s he 0 widely kn[n & e/eem$ = 8 effici5t int]e/ 9 "s ( our mo/ conspicu\s & useful in/itutions ( philan?ropy4 ,among ^! may be especially m5tion$ ! ,massa*usetts ,bible ,society1 ! ,society = ,propagat+ ! ,gospel1 ! ,orphan ,asylum1 ! ,humane ,society1 ! ,m$ical ,disp5s>y1 ! ,society = ! ,relief ( ,ag$ & ,de/itute ,cl]gym51 & ! ,congregational ,*>itable ,society4 ,he also took an active int]e/ 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 ( :i* he 0 an ,ov]se]4 ,9 #ahbi he f\nd$ !re ! pr(essor%ip ( ,pulpit ,eloqu5ce & ! ,pa/oral ,c>e1 famili>ly kn[n z ! ,p>kman ,pr(essor%ip4 ,a pupil & fri5d ( ,*ann+1 he 0 not$ among ,unit>ians = a broadly tol]ant disposition4 ,8 weal? ( practical wisdom 0 enliv5$ by t\*es ( mir?1 s t x 0 said t y c\ld n meet ,dr4 ,p>kman 9 ! /reet1 & /op a m9ute to ex*ange words ) him1 )\t c>ry+ away ) y "s phrase or turn ( ?\ght s exquisite 9 its m+l$ sagacity & hum\r t x t\*$ ! inmo/ s5se ( ! ludicr\s1 & made ! he>t smile z well z ! lips4 ,su* 0 ! fa!r ( our hi/orian4 ,mr4 ,p>kman's "m 0 a desc5dant ( ,rev4 ,john ,cotton1 "o ( ! mo/ em95t ( ! lead]s 9 ! great ,puritan exodus ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,%e 0 ! daught] ( ,na?aniel ,hall1 ( ,m$=d1 memb] ( a family :i* 0 repres5t$ 9 ! conv5tion t fram$ ! ,con/itution ( ,massa*usetts 9 #aghj4 ,c>ol9e ,hall 0 a lady ( rem>kable "*1 & _m ( h] f9e qualities 7 noticeable 9 h] di/+ui%$ son4 ,( h] ! late ,octavius ,fro?+ham says3 ,humility1 *>ity1 tru?fulness1 7 h] prime *>act]i/ics4 ,h] consci5ce 0 firm & l(ty1 ?\gh nev] au/]e4 ,%e _h a /rong s5se ( "r1 c\pl$ ) p]fect *>ity t[>d o!r p2 inflexible 9 pr9ciple1 %e 0 g5tle 9 practice4 ,intellectually %e c\ld h>dly be call$ brilliant or accompli%$1 b %e _h a /rong ve9 ( common s5se & practical wisdom1 great p5etration into "*1 & a good deal ( quiet hum\r4 ,( h] six *ildr51 ! hi/orian1 ,francis ,p>kman1 0 ! elde/4 ,z a boy 8 heal? 0 delicate4 ,9 a fragm5t ( autobiography1 writt5 9 ! ?ird p]son1 he tells u t 8 *ildhood 0 nei!r heal?ful nor buoyant1 & 8 boyhood1 ?\gh = a "t active1 0 n robu/4 ,!re 0 a n]v\s irritability & impulsiv5ess :i* kept driv+ him into activity m int5se ?an 8 physical /r5g? 0 well able to be>4 ,at ! same "t an inborn in/9ct ( self-control1 accompani$1 d\btless1 by a ref9$ unwill+ness to intrude 8 p]sonal feel+s ^u ! notice ( o!r p1 l$ him into su* habits ( self-repression t 8 fri5ds sometimes felicitat$ him on hav+ no n]ves4 ,!re 0 some?+ rudely /oical 9 8 discipl9e4 ,z he says3 ,x 0 impossible t conditions ( ! n]v\s sy/em abnormal z 8 _h be5 f infancy %\ld be )\t _! effects on ! m9d1 & "s ( ^! 7 ( a nature highly to exasp]ate him4 ,unconsci\s ( _! "* & orig91 & ignorant t ) "t & confirm$ heal? !y w\ld h disappe>$1 he _h no o!r ?\ght ?an t ( cru%+ !m by =ce1 & accord+ly appli$ himself to ! "w4 ,h5ce result$ a /ate ( m5tal t5sion1 habitual = sev]al ye>s1 & abundantly mis*iev\s 9 its effects4 ,) a m9d ov]/ra9$ & a body ov]task$1 he 0 burn+ 8 c&le at bo? ends4 ,! conditions :i* 7 provid$ = ! s5sitive & highly /rung boy dur+ a "p ( 8 *ildhood 7 surely v delightful1 & !re c be little d\bt t !y s]v$ to det]m9e 8 c>e]4 ,8 gr&fa!r ,hall's home 9 ,m$=d 0 situat$ on ! bord] ( ! ,middlesex ,fells1 a r\gh & rocky woodl&1 f\r ?\s& acres 9 ext5t1 z wild & savage 9 _m places z any primeval =e/4 ,! place is )9 eight miles ( ,bo/on1 & x may be d\bt$ if any:]e else c be f\nd ano!r su* magnific5t piece ( wild]ness s ne> to a great city4 ,x ne$s only a /ray ,indian or two1 ) a few be>s & wolves1 to br+ back = u ! days :5 ,w9?rop's company l&$ on ! %ores ( ! neighb\r+ bay4 ,9 ! he>t ( ?is %aggy woodl& is ,spot ,pond1 a lake ( glori\s beauty1 ) a surface ( ?ree hundr$ acres1 & a homely "n :i* x is to be hop$ x may always keep1--a "n be/[$ 9 ! good old times be=e ! national vice ( magniloqu5ce _h begun to deface our maps4 ,among ! pleasure drives 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,bo/on1 ! drive ar\nd ,spot ,pond is p]haps =emo/ 9 beauty4 ,a few f9e h\ses h be5 built ^u its bord]s1 & well-kept roads h giv5 to "s p>ts ( ! =e/ ! aspect ( a p>k1 b ! great] "p ( ! t]ritory is undi/urb$1 & w probably rema9 s4 ,sev5ty ye>s ago ! prun+ h& ( civilization has sc>cely t\*$ x4 ,to 8 gr&fa!r's f>m1 on ! outskirts ( ?is en*ant+ spot1 ! boy ,p>kman 0 s5t 9 8 eigh? ye>4 ,!re1 he tells u1 ,i walk$ twice a day to a s*ool ( high b undes]v$ reputation1 ab\t a mile di/ant1 9 ! t[n ( ,m$=d4 ,"h ,i le>n$ v little1 & sp5t ! int]vals ( s*ool+ m pr(itably 9 collect+ eggs1 insects1 & reptiles1 trapp+ squirrels & wood*ucks1 & mak+ p]si/5t ?\gh r>ely =tunate attempts to kill birds ) arr[s4 ,aft] f\r ye>s ( ?is ru/ication ,i 0 br\ght back to ,bo/on1 :5 ,i 0 unhappily seiz$ ) a mania = exp]im5ts 9 *emi/ry1 involv+ a lonely1 conf9$1 un:olesome sort ( life1 baneful to body & m9d4 ,no d\bt ! exp]i5ce ( f\r ye>s ( pla/ic boyhood 9 ,middlesex ,fells gave to ,p>kman's m9d ! b5t :i* direct$ him t[>d ! hi/ory ( ! wild]ness4 ,?is fact he recogniz$ ( himself 9 aft] life1 :ile he recall$ ^? boyi% days z ! brighte/ 9 8 memory4 ,at ! age ( fifte5 or s ! retorts & crucibles 7 ?r[n away =ev]1 & a reaction 9 favor ( woodl& life began2 a fancy1 he says1 :i* soon ga9$ full control ov] ! c\rse ( ! lit]>y pursuits to :i* he 0 also addict$4 ,"h we come ^u ! fir/ m5tion ( ! comb9ation ( int]e/s :i* det]m9$ 8 c>e]4 ,a million boys might be turn$ loose 9 ,middlesex ,fells1 "o aft] ano!r1 !re to roam 9 solitude until our globe %\ld h ent]$ ^u a new geological p]iod1 & ! *ances are aga9/ any "o ( !m becom+ a great hi/orian1 or any?+ else above m$iocrity4 ,b 9 ,p>kman1 z 9 all m5 ( g5ius1 ! dom9ant motive p[] 0 some?+ )9 him1 some?+ :i* sci5ce has n data en\gh to expla94 ,! div9e sp>k ( g5ius is some?+ :i* we "k only ?r\gh ! acts :i* x excites4 ,9 ,p>kman ! /rong lit]>y in/9ct %[$ itself at ,*auncy ,hall ,s*ool1 :]e we f9d him1 at f\rte5 ye>s ( age1 eag]ly & busily engag$ 9 ! /udy & practice ( ,engli% composition4 ,x 0 natural t tales ( h]oes %\ld be especially *>m+ at t "t ( life1 & among ,p>kman's ef=ts 7 p>aphras+ p>ts ( ! neid1 & turn+ into rhym$ v]se ! sc5e ( ! t\rnam5t 9 ,ivanhoe4 ,f ! artificial /upidity :i* is too (t5 sup]9duc$ 9 boys by _! e>ly s*ool+ he 0 sav$ by native g5ius & breezy woodl& life1 & 8 progress 0 rapid4 ,9 #ahdj1 hav+ ne>ly complet$ 8 sev5te5? ye>1 he ent]$ ,h>v>d ,college4 ,8 reputation !re = s*ol>%ip 0 good1 b he 0 mu* m absorb$ 9 8 own pursuits ?an 9 ! regul> college /udies4 ,9 ! summ] vacation ( #ahda he made a r\gh j\rney ( exploration 9 ! woods ( nor!rn ,new ,hamp%ire1 accompani$ by "o classmate & a native guide1 & !re he _h a ta/e ( adv5ture slightly spic$ ) h>d%ip4 ,h[ mu* importance ?is ramble may h _h "o _c say1 b he tells u t be=e ! end ( ! ,sophomore ye> my v>i\s s*emes _h cry/alliz$ into a plan ( writ+ ! /ory ( :at 0 !n kn[n z ! ',old ,fr5* ,w>1'--t is1 ! w> t end$ 9 ! conque/ ( ,canada2 = "h1 z x seem$ to me1 ! =e/ drama 0 m /irr+1 & ! =e/ /age m ?rong$ ) appropriate actors1 ?an 9 any o!r passage ( our hi/ory4 ,x 0 n until "s ye>s lat] t ,i enl>g$ ! plan to include ! :ole c\rse ( ! ,am]ican conflict betwe5 ,france & ,engl&1 or1 9 o!r words1 ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican =e/2 = ?is 0 ! light 9 :i* ,i reg>d$ x4 ,my !me fasc9at$ me1 & ,i 0 haunt$ ) wild]ness images day & night4 ,! way 9 :i* true g5ius works c\ld n be m happily describ$4 ,:5 ! great s*eme fir/ took %ape 9 ,mr4 ,p>kman's m9d1 he reckon$ t x w\ld take ab\t tw5ty ye>s to complete ! task4 ,h[ he ent]$ ^u x may be/ be told 9 8 own words3-- ,! "t all[$ 0 ample2 b "h he fell into a fatal error1 ent]+ on ?is long pilgrimage ) all ! vehem5ce ( "o />t+ on a mile heat4 ,8 reliance1 h[ev]1 0 less on books ?an on su* p]sonal exp]i5ce z %\ld 9 "s s5se id5tify him ) 8 !me4 ,8 natural incl9ations urg$ him 9 ! same direction1 = 8 ?\ghts 7 always 9 ! =e/1 ^: features1 n unmix$ ) s(t] images1 possess$ 8 wak+ & sleep+ dreams1 fill+ him ) vague crav+s impossible to satisfy4 ,z fond ( h>d%ips z he 0 va9 ( endur+ !m1 *]i%+ a sov]eign scorn = e physical weakness or defect1 deceiv$ moreov] by a rapid developm5t ( frame & s9ews :i* flatt]$ him ) ! belief t discipl9e suffici5tly unsp>+ w\ld h>d5 him into an a?lete1 he slight$ ! precautions ( a m reasonable woodcraft1 tir$ old =e/]s ) long m>*es1 /opp$ nei!r = heat nor ra91 & slept on ! e>? )\t a blanket4 ,9 o!r words1 a highly irritable organism spurr$ ! writ] to excess 9 a c\rse :i*1 ) "o ( diff]5t temp]am5t1 w\ld h produc$ a free & h>dy developm5t ( su* faculties & =ces z he possess$4 ,along ) ! irritable organism p]haps a h]itage ( fi]ce ance/ral ,puritanism may h prompt$ him to ! /oical discipl9e :i* s\ght to ignore ! j claims ( ! physical body4 ,he tells u ( 8 und\bt+ fai? t to tame ! ,devil1 x is be/ to take him by ! horns2 b m mature exp]i5ces made him feel less sure ( ! advantages ( ?is me?od ( deal+ ) t subtle p]sonage4 ,"u ^! conditions1 p]haps ! college vacations :i* he sp5t 9 ! woods ( ,canada & ,new ,engl& may h done m to exhau/ ?an to recruit 8 /r5g?4 ,9 8 ,junior ye>1 "s physical injury1 ! nature ( :i* does n seem to be kn[n1 caus$ x to be ?\ght necess>y to s5d him to ,europe = 8 heal?4 ,he w5t fir/ to ,gibralt> 9 a sail+ %ip1 & a passage f 8 di>y may s]ve to ?r[ light ^u ! voyage & ! man3 ,x 0 a noble sight :5 at int]vals ! sun broke out ov] ! savage waves1 *ang+ _! blackness to a ri* blue almo/ z d>k2 :ile ! foam t flew ov] x seem$ l :irl+ sn[ wrea?s on ! m\nta94444 ,z soon z x 0 daybreak ,i w5t on deck4 ,two or ?ree sails 7 set4 ,! vessel 0 sc\r+ along1 lean+ ov] s t h] lee gunwale scoop$ up ! wat]2 ! wat] 9 a foam1 & cl\ds ( spray fly+ ov] u1 frequ5tly z high z ! ma9 y>d4 ,! spray 0 driv5 ) su* =ce t x prick$ ! *eek l ne$les4 ,i /ay$ on deck two or ?ree h\rs1 :51 be+ ?or\ghly salt$1 ,i w5t d[n1 *ang$ my clo!s1 & read ',don ,quixote' till ,mr4 ,sn[ appe>$ at ! door ) ',y are ! man t wants to see a gale1 are ye8 ,n[ is y\r *ance2 only j come up on deck4' ,accord+ly ,i w5t4 ,! w9d 0 yell+ & h[l+ 9 ! rigg+ 9 a fa%ion t rem9d$ me ( a /orm 9 a ,canadian =e/4444 ,! sailors clung1 half dr[n$1 to :atev] !y c\ld lay hold (1 = ! vessel 0 at times half inv]t$1 & tons ( wat] wa%$ f side to side ( h] deck4 ,mr4 ,p>kman's r\te 0 f ,gibralt> by way ( ,malta1 to ,sicily1 :]e he travell$ ov] ! :ole isl&1 & !nce to ,naples1 :]e he fell 9 ) ! great prea*] ,!odore ,p>k]4 ,toge!r !y climb$ ,vesuvius & pe]$ into its crat]1 & aft]w>ds 9 & ab\t ,rome !y r5ew$ _! comrade%ip4 ,"h ,mr4 ,p>kman wi%$ to sp5d a few weeks 9 a mona/]y1 9 ord] to /udy ) 8 own eyes ! prie/s & _! way ( life4 ,m ?an once he met ) a prompt & uncompromis+ refusal1 b at l5g? ! covet$ privilege 0 grant$ him2 &1 curi\sly en\gh1 x 0 by ! /ricte/ ( all ! mona/ic ord]s1 ! ,passioni/s1 bre?r5 addict$ to we>+ hair %irts & sc\rg+ !mselves )\t m]cy4 ,:5 ^! wor?y monks le>n$ t _! visitor 0 n m]ely a ,prote/ant1 b a ,unit>ian1 _! horror 0 int5se2 b !y 7 ready = ! occasion1 poor s\ls6 & tri$ _! be/ to conv]t him1 !reby d\btless enhanc+ _! value 9 ! hi/orian's eyes z liv+ & brea?+ hi/oric mat]ial4 ,?is visit 0 surely ( ine/imable s]vice to ! p5 :i* 0 to be s l>gely occupi$ ) ! ,jesuits & ,franciscans ( ! ,new ,_w4 ,mr4 ,p>kman did n leave ,rome until he _h se5 temples1 *ur*es1 & catacombs1 & _h be5 pres5t$ to ! ,pope4 ,he /opp$ at ,flor5ce1 ,bologna1 ,mod5a1 ,p>ma1 & ,milan1 & admir$ ! ,lake ( ,como1 to :i*1 h[ev]1 he pref]r$ ! savage wildness ( ,lake ,george4 ,he saw some?+ ( ,switz]l&1 w5t to ,p>is & ,london1 & did a bit ( sight-see+ 9 ,ed9burgh & its neighb\rhood4 ,f ,liv]pool he sail$ = ,am]ica2 & 9 spite ( ! "t consum$ 9 ?is trip we f9d him tak+ 8 degree at ,cambridge1 along ) 8 class1 9 #ahdd4 ,probably 8 "n /ood high 9 ! rank li/1 = he 0 at once elect$ a memb] ( ! ,phi ,beta ,kappa ,society4 ,aft] ?is he ent]$ ! ,law ,s*ool1 b /ay$ n long1 = 8 life's "w 0 already claim+ him4 ,9 8 brief vacation j\rneys he _h se5 t9y remnants ( wild]ness "h & !re 9 ,canada or 9 lonely corn]s ( ,new ,engl&2 n[ he wi%$ to see ! wild]ness itself 9 all its gloom & va/ness1 & to meet face to face ) ! dusky w>riors ( ! ,/one ,age4 ,at ?is end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 z already obs]v$1 su* a ?+ c no long] be done4 ,n[h]e n[1 )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 does ! primitive wild]ness exi/1 save "h & !re 9 %r$s & pat*es4 ,9 ! middle ( ! c5tury x cov]$ ! we/]n half ( ! cont95t1 & c\ld be rea*$ by a j\rney ( sixte5 or sev5te5 hundr$ miles1 f ,bo/on to ! pla9s ( ,nebraska4 ,p>kman _h become an adept 9 woodcraft & a dead %ot ) ! rifle1 & c\ld d su* ?+s ) horses1 tame or wild1 z civiliz$ p nev] see done except 9 a circus4 ,!re 0 little d\bt z to 8 ability to w9 ! respect ( ,indians by out%9+ !m 9 su* de$s z !y c\ld appreciate4 ,e>ly 9 #ahdf he />t$ = ! wild]ness ) ,mr4 ,qu9cy ,%aw4 ,a passage f ! preface to ! f\r? edition ( ,! ,oregon ,trail1 publi%$ 9 #ahgb1 w "h be ( int]e/3-- ,i rememb]1 z we rode by ! foot ( ,pike's ,peak1 :5 = a =tnight we met no face ( man1 my companion rem>k$1 9 a tone any?+ b complac5t1 t a "t w\ld come :5 ^? pla9s w\ld be a graz+ c\ntry1 ! buffalo give place to tame cattle1 h\ses be scatt]$ along ! wat]c\rses1 & wolves1 be>s1 & ,indians be numb]$ among ! ?+s t 74 ,we condol$ ) ea* o!r on s melan*oly a prospect1 b ) little ?\ght :at ! future _h 9 /ore4 ,we knew t !re 0 m or less gold 9 ! seams ( ^? untrodd5 m\nta9s2 b we did n =esee t x w\ld build cities 9 ! ,we/1 & plant hotels & gambl+ h\ses among ! haunts ( ! grizzly be>4 ,we knew t a few fanatical outca/s 7 grop+ _! way across ! pla9s to seek an asylum f ,g5tile p]secution2 b we did n imag9e t ! polygam\s hordes ( ,mormons w\ld re> a sw>m+ ,j]usalem 9 ! bosom ( solitude itself4 ,we knew t m & m1 ye> aft] ye>1 ! tra9s ( emigrant wagons w\ld creep 9 sl[ procession t[>ds b>b>\s ,oregon or wild & di/ant ,cali=nia2 b we did n dream h[ ,comm]ce & ,gold w\ld bre$ nations along ! ,pacific1 ! dis5*ant+ scree* ( ! locomotive break ! spell ( weird1 my/]i\s m\nta9s1 woman's rights invade ! fa/nesses ( ! ,arapahoes1 & despair+ savag]y1 assail$ 9 front & re>1 veil its scalp locks & fea!rs be=e triumphant commonplace4 ,we 7 no prophets to =esee all ?is2 & _h we =ese5 x1 p]haps "s p]v]se regret might h temp]$ ! ard\r ( our rejoic+4 ,! wild tribe t defil$ ) me d[n ! gorges ( ! ,black ,hills1 ) its pa9t & w> plumes1 flutt]+ trophies & savage embroid]y1 b[s1 arr[s1 lances1 & %ields1 w nev] be se5 aga94 ,^? :o =m$ x h f\nd bloody graves1 or a gha/li] burial 9 ! maws ( wolves4 ,! ,indian ( to-day1 arm$ ) a revolv] & cr[n$ ) an old hat1 cas$ possibly 9 tr\s]s or muffl$ 9 a tawdry %irt1 is an ,indian /ill1 b an ,indian %orn ( ! picturesqu5ess :i* 0 8 mo/ conspicu\s m]it4 ,! m\nta9 trapp] is no m1 & ! grim romance ( 8 wild1 h>d life is a memory ( ! pa/4 ,?is fir/ ( ,p>kman's books1 ,! ,oregon ,trail1 0 publi%$ 9 #ahdg1 z a s]ies ( articles 9 ! ,knick]bock] ,magaz9e4 ,its pages reveal su* supreme c\rage1 su* physical h>d9ess1 su* raptur\s enjoym5t ( life1 t "o f9ds x h>d to realize t ev5 9 sett+ out ^u ?is bold exp$ition ! writ] 0 some?+ ( an invalid4 ,a weakness ( sight--:e!r caus$ by "s direct injury1 or a result ( widespread n]v\s di/urbance1 is n q cle>--_h already become s]i\s & some:at al>m+4 ,on arriv+ at ! ,indian camp1 ne> ! ,m$ic9e ,b[ range ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 he 0 suff]+ f a complication ( disord]s4 ,i 0 s r$uc$ by illness1 he says1 t ,i c\ld seldom walk )\t reel+ l a drunk5 man2 & :5 ,i rose f my seat ^u ! gr\nd ! l&scape sudd5ly grew dim be=e my eyes1 ! trees & lodges seem$ to sway to & fro1 & ! prairie to rise & fall l ! swells ( ! ocean4 ,su* a /ate ( ?+s is n enviable any:]e4 ,9 a c\ntry :]e a man's life may at any mom5t dep5d on ! /r5g? ( 8 arm1 or x may be on ! activity ( 8 legs1 x is m p>ticul>ly inconv5i5t4 ,nor is sleep+ on damp gr\nd1 ) an occasional dr5*+ f a %[]1 v b5eficial 9 su* cases4 ,i sometimes suff]$ ! extremity ( exhau/ion1 & 0 9 a tol]ably fair way ( aton+ = my love ( ! prairie by re/+ !re =ev]4 ,i tri$ repose & a v sp>+ diet4 ,= a long "t1 ) exempl>y pati5ce1 ,i l\ng$ ab\t ! camp1 or at ! utmo/ /agg]$ ov] to ! ,indian village1 & walk$ fa9t & dizzy among ! lodges4 ,x w\ld n d1 & ,i be?\ght me ( />vation4 ,dur+ five days ,i su/a9$ life on "o small biscuit a day4 ,at ! end ( t "t ,i 0 weak] ?an be=e1 b ! disord] seem$ %ak5 9 its /ronghold1 & v gradually ,i began to resume a less rigid diet4 ,x did n seem prud5t to ,p>kman to let ! signs ( physical ailm5t become conspicu\s1 s9ce 9 t case a horse1 a rifle1 a pair ( pi/ols1 & a r$ %irt might h (f]$ temptations too /rong = aborig9al virtue4 ,!re=e1 9 ord] t 8 pre/ige ) ! r$ m5 might n suff] dim9ution1 he w\ld hunt buffalo on horseback ov] a brok5 c\ntry1 :5 )\t ! tonic ( ! *ase he c\ld sc>cely sit upright 9 ! saddle4 ,! ma9t5ance ( pre/ige 0 c]ta9ly desirable4 ,! ,ogillalah b& ( ,si\x1 among :om he f\nd himself1 7 b>b>ians ( a l[ type4 ,nei!r _! mann]s nor _! ideas 7 9 ! slighte/ degree modifi$ by contact ) civilization4 ,!y knew no?+ ( ! p[] & real "* ( ! :ite m51 & _! *ildr5 w\ld scream 9 t]ror :5 !y saw me4 ,_! religion1 sup]/itions1 & prejudices 7 ! same h&$ d[n to !m f immemorial "t4 ,!y f\ght ) ! weapons t _! fa!rs f\ght )1 & wore ! same g>m5ts ( sk9s4 ,!y 7 liv+ repres5tatives ( ! ,/one ,age2 =1 ?\gh _! lances & arr[s 7 tipp$ ) iron procur$ f ! trad]s1 !y /ill us$ ! rude /one mallet ( ! primeval _w4 ,^! savages welcom$ ,p>kman & "o ( 8 :ite guides ) cordial hospitality1 & !y 7 ent]ta9$ by ! *iefta9 ,big ,cr[1 ^: lodge 9 ! ev5+ pres5t$ a picturesque spectacle4 ,a score or m ( ,indians 7 seat$ ar\nd x 9 a circle1 _! d>k1 nak$ =ms j visible by ! dull light ( ! sm\ld]+ fire 9 ! middle4 ,! pipe gl[$ brightly 9 ! gloom z x pass$ f h& to h&4 ,!n a squaw w\ld drop a piece ( buffalo fat on ! dull emb]s4 ,in/antly a bright flame w\ld leap up1 d>t+ its light to ! v apex ( ! tall conical /ructure1 :]e ! tops ( ! sl5d] poles t support$ ! cov]+ ( hide 7 ga!r$ toge!r4 ,x gild$ ! features ( ! ,indians1 z ) animat$ ge/ures !y sat ar\nd x1 tell+ _! endless /ories ( w> & hunt+1 & display$ rude g>m5ts ( sk9s t hung ar\nd ! lodge2 ! b[1 quiv]1 & lance susp5d$ ov] ! re/+ place ( ! *ief1 & ! rifles & p[d]horns ( ! two :ite gue/s4 ,= a mom5t all w\ld be bright z day2 !n ! flames w\ld die out2 fitful fla%es f ! emb]s w\ld illum9e ! lodge1 & !n leave x 9 d>kness4 ,!n ! light w\ld :olly fade1 & ! lodge & all )9 x be involv$ aga9 9 obscurity4 ,f /ories ( w> & ! *ase ! conv]sation 0 n[ & !n div]t$ to philosophic !mes4 ,:5 ,p>kman ask$ :at makes ! ?und]1 v>i\s op9ions 7 express$2 b "o old wr9kl$ fell[1 nam$ ,r$ ,wat]1 assev]at$ t he _h always kn[n :at x 04 ,x 0 a great black bird2 & once he _h se5 x 9 a dream swoop+ d[n f ! ,black ,hills1 ) its l\d ro>+ w+s2 & :5 x flapp$ !m ov] a lake1 !y /ruck lightn+ f ! wat]4 ,ano!r old man said t ! wick$ ?und] _h kill$ 8 bro!r la/ summ]1 b dogg$ly refus$ to give any p>ticul>s4 ,x 0 aft]w>ds le>n$ t ?is bro!r 0 a memb] ( a ?und]-fight+ frat]nity ( prie/s or m$ic9e m54 ,on ! approa* ( a /orm !y w\ld take _! b[s & arr[s1 _! magic drum1 & a sort ( :i/le made out ( ! w+ bone ( ! w> eagle1 &1 ?us equipp$1 run out & fire at ! ris+ cl\d1 :opp+1 yell+1 :i/l+1 & beat+ _! drum1 to fright5 x d[n aga94 ,"o aft]noon a heavy black cl\d 0 com+ up1 & !y repair$ to ! top ( a hill1 :]e !y br\ght all _! magic artill]y into play aga9/ x4 ,b ! undaunt$ ?und]1 refus+ to be t]rifi$1 d>t$ out a bright fla%1 :i* /ruck ! a=esaid bro!r dead z he 0 9 ! v act ( %ak+ 8 long iron-po9t$ lance aga9/ x4 ,! re/ scatt]$1 & ran yell+ 9 an ec/asy ( sup]/iti\s t]ror back to _! lodges4 ,"o %\ld read ,mr4 ,p>kman's detail$ n>rative ( ! /range life ( ^! p1 & ! mann] ( 8 tak+ "p 9 x3 h[ he call$ ! villag]s toge!r & regal$ !m sumptu\sly ) boil$ dog1 & made !m a skilful spee*1 9 :i* he q satisfi$ !m z to 8 reasons = com+ to dwell among !m2 h[ a w>m fri5d%ip grew up betwe5 himself & ! v5]able ,r$ ,wat]1 :o 0 ! cu/odian ( an imm5se fund ( folk lore1 b 0 apt to be sup]/iti\sly afraid ( imp>t+ any ( x to /rang]s2 h[ w> p>ties 7 project$ & ab&on$2 h[ buffalo & antelope 7 hunt$1 & h[ life 0 c>ri$ on 9 ! dull int]vals betwe5 su* occupations4 ,if "o 7 to keep on quot+ :at is ( especial int]e/ 9 ! book1 "o w\ld h to quote ! :ole ( x4 ,b "o *>act]i/ic portrait conta9s s mu* insight into ,indian life t ,i _c =be> giv+ x4 ,x is ! sket* ( a "y fell[ call$ ! ,hail-,/orm1 z ,p>kman f\nd him "o ev5+ on 8 return f ! *ase3 8 light graceful figure recl9+ on ! gr\nd 9 an easy attitude1 :ile 444 ne> him lay ! fre% sk9 ( a female elk :i* he _h j kill$ among ! m\nta9s1 only a mile or two f camp4 ,no d\bt ! boy's he>t 0 elat$ ) triumph1 b he betray$ no sign ( x4 ,he ev5 seem$ totally unconsci\s ( our approa*1 & 8 h&some face _h all ! tranquillity ( ,indian self-control1--a self-control :i* prev5ts ! exhibition ( emotion )\t re/ra9+ ! emotion itself4 ,x 0 ab\t two mon?s s9ce ,i _h kn[n ! ,hail-,/orm1 & )9 t "t 8 "* _h rem>kably develop$4 ,:5 ,i fir/ saw him1 he 0 j em]g+ f ! habits & feel+s ( ! boy into ! ambition ( ! hunt] & w>rior4 ,he _h lately kill$ 8 fir/ de]1 & ?is _h excit$ 8 aspirations = di/9ction4 ,s9ce t "t he _h be5 cont9ually 9 se>* = game1 & no "y hunt] 9 ! village _h be5 s active or s =tunate z he4 ,all ?is success _h produc$ a m>k$ *ange 9 8 "*4 ,z ,i fir/ rememb]$ him1 he always %unn$ ! society ( ! "y squaws1 & 0 extremely ba%ful & %eepi% 9 _! pres5ce2 b n[1 9 ! confid5ce ( 8 new reputation1 he began to assume ! airs & arts ( a man ( gallantry4 ,he wore 8 r$ blanket da%+ly ov] 8 left %\ld]1 pa9t$ 8 *eeks e day ) v]milion1 & hung p5dants ( %ells 9 8 e>s4 ,if ,i obs]v$ aright1 he met ) v good success 9 8 new pursuits2 /ill ! ,hail-,/orm _h mu* to accompli% be=e he atta9$ ! full /&+ ( a w>rior4 ,gallantly z he began to be> himself be=e ! wom5 & girls1 he 0 /ill timid & aba%$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! *iefs & old m52 = he _h nev] yet kill$ a man1 or /rick5 ! dead body ( an enemy 9 battle4 ,i h no d\bt t ! h&some smoo?-fac$ boy burn$ ) desire to fle% 8 maid5 scalp+ knife1 & ,i w\ld n h encamp$ alone ) him )\t wat*+ 8 movem5ts ) a suspici\s eye4 ,mr4 ,p>kman once told me t x 0 r>e = a "y brave to obta9 full fav\r ) ! wom5 )\t hav+ at lea/ "o scalp to %[2 & ?is fact 0 "o ( ! secret s\rces ( dang] :i* ! ord9>y :ite visitor w\ld nev] ?9k (4 ,p]il is also liable to lurk 9 all[+ "o's self to be plac$ 9 a ludicr\s light among ^! p2 accord+ly1 :5ev] su* occasions arose1 ,p>kman knew en\gh to ma9ta9 a rigid1 inflexible c\nt5ance1 & ?us :olly escap$ _! sallies4 ,he und]/ood t 8 rifle & pi/ols 7 ! only fri5ds on :om he c\ld inv>iably rely :5 alone among ,indians4 ,8 own obs]vation taught him ! extreme folly ( confid5ce1 & ! utt] impossibility ( =esee+ to :at sudd5 acts ! /range1 unbridl$ impulses ( an ,indian may urge him4 ,:5 among ?is p1 dang] is nev] s ne> z :5 y are unprep>$ = x1 nev] s remote z :5 y are arm$ & on ! al]t to meet x at any mom5t4 ,no?+ (f]s s /rong a temptation to _! f]oci\s in/9cts z ! appe>ance ( timidity1 weakness1 or security4 ,! imm5se importance ( ?is soj\rn 9 ! wild]ness1 9 its relation to ,p>kman's life "w1 is obvi\s4 ,k1 intrepidity1 & tact c>ri$ him ?r\gh x unsca!d1 & good luck kept him cle> ( enc\nt]s ) ho/ile ,indians1 9 :i* ^! qualities might n h suffic$ to av]t de/ruction4 ,x 0 r>e good =tune t kept 8 p>ty f meet+ ) an enemy dur+ five mon?s ( travel ?r\gh a dang]\s region4 ,sc>cely ?ree weeks aft] he _h rea*$ ! conf9es ( civilization1 ! ,pawnees & ,coman*es began a sy/ematiz$ s]ies ( ho/ilities1 & attack$ 444 e p>ty1 l>ge or small1 t pass$ dur+ ! next six mon?s4 ,dur+ ?is adv5tur\s exp]i5ce1 says ,p>kman1 my bus9ess 0 obs]vation1 & ,i 0 will+ to pay de>ly = ! opportunity ( ex]cis+ x4 ,a heavy price 0 exact$ ( him1 n by r$ m51 b by t subtle p]sonage :om he _h tri$ to take by ! horns1 & :o seems to h res5t$ su* presumption4 ,t[>d ! end ( ! j\rney ,p>kman f\nd himself ill 9 mu* ! same way z at ! beg9n+1 & crav$ m$ical advice4 ,x 0 9 mid-,septemb]1 on a broad mead[ 9 ! wild valley ( ! ,arkansas1 :]e 8 p>ty _h fall5 9 ) a huge ,santa ,f c>avan ( :ite-topp$ wagons1 ) great droves ( mules & horses2 & we may let ,p>kman tell ! /ory 9 8 own words1 9 ! la/ ( our extracts f 8 fasc9at+ book4 ,"o ( ! guides _h told him t 9 ?is c>avan 0 a physician f ,/4 ,l\is1 by ! "n ( ,dobbs1 ( ! v highe/ /&+ 9 8 pr(ession4 ,)\t at all believ+ him1 ,i resolv$ to consult ?is em95t practition]4 ,walk+ ov] to ! camp1 ,i f\nd him ly+ s\nd asleep "u "o ( ! wagons4 ,he (f]$ 9 8 own p]son b indiff]5t evid5ce ( 8 skill2 = x 0 five mon?s s9ce ,i _h se5 s cadav]\s a face4 ,8 hat _h fall5 (f1 & 8 yell[ hair 0 all 9 disord]2 "o ( 8 arms suppli$ ! place ( a pill[2 8 tr\s]s 7 wr9kl$ halfway up to 8 knees1 & he 0 cov]$ ) little bits ( grass & /raw ^u :i* he _h roll$ 9 8 uneasy slumb]4 ,a ,mexican /ood ne>1 & ,i made him a sign to t\* ! doctor4 ,up sprang ! le>n$ ,dobbs1 & sitt+ upright rubb$ 8 eyes & look$ ab\t him 9 bewild]m5t4 ,i regrett$ ! necessity ( di/urb+ him1 & said ,i _h come to ask pr(essional advice4 ',y\r sy/em1 sir1 is 9 a disord]$ /ate1' said he solemnly1 aft] a %ort exam9ation4 ,i inquir$ :at might be ! p>ticul> species ( disord]4 ',evid5tly a morbid action ( ! liv]1' repli$ ! m$ical man4 ',i w give y a prescription4' ,repair+ to ! back ( "o ( ! cov]$ wagons1 he scrambl$ 92 = a mom5t ,i c\ld see no?+ ( him b 8 boots4 ,at l5g? he produc$ a box :i* he _h extract$ f "s d>k recess )91 & op5+ x pres5t$ me ) a fold$ pap]4 ',:at is x8' said ,i4 ',calomel1' said ! doctor4 ,"u ! circum/ances ,i w\ld h tak5 almo/ any?+4 ,!re 0 n en\gh to d me mu* h>m1 & x might possibly d good2 s at camp t night ,i took ! poison in/ead ( supp]4 ,aft] ! return f ! wild]ness ,p>kman f\nd 8 physical condition r worse ?an bett]4 ,! tr\ble ) ! eyes cont9u$1 & we beg9 to f9d m5tion ( a lam5ess :i* 0 sometimes s]i\s en\gh to conf9e him to ! h\se1 & :i* evid5tly la/$ a long "t2 b f ?is he seems to h recov]$4 ,my p]sonal acqua9tance ) him began 9 #ahgb1 & ,i nev] notic$ any symptoms ( lam5ess1 ?\gh ,i rememb] tak+ sev]al pleasant walks ) him4 ,p]haps ! s\rce ( lam5ess may be indicat$ 9 ! foll[+ acc\nt ( 8 condition 9 #ahdh1 cit$ f ! fragm5t ( autobiography 9 :i* he uses ! ?ird p]son3 ,to ! maladies ( ! prairie succe$$ a suite ( exhau/+ disord]s1 s r$uc+ him t circulation ( ! extremities ceas$1 ! light ( ! sun became insupportable1 & a wild :irl possess$ 8 bra91 jo9$ to a univ]sal turmoil ( ! n]v\s sy/em :i* put 8 philosophy to ! %>pe/ te/ x _h hi!rto kn[n4 ,all collaps$1 9 %ort1 b ! t5aci\s /r5g? ( muscles h>d5$ by long activity4 ,9 #ahea1 :e!r due or n to disord]$ circulation1 !re came an effusion ( wat] on ! left knee1 :i* = ! next two ye>s prev5t$ walk+4 ,x 0 betwe5 #ahdh & #ahea t ,p>kman 0 engag$ 9 writ+ ,! ,conspiracy ( ,pontiac4 ,he felt t no regim5 c\ld be worse = him ?an idl5ess1 & t no tonic c\ld be m brac+ ?an "w 9 pursuance ( ! l(ty purpose :i* _h n[ atta9$ maturity 9 8 m9d4 ,he _h to cont5d ) a triple-head$ mon/]3 fir/1 ! weakness ( ! eyes1 :i* _h come to be su* t he c\ld n keep !m op5 to ! light :ile writ+ 8 own "n2 secondly1 ! incapacity = su/a9$ att5tion2 & ?irdly1 ! indisposition to putt+ =? m5tal ef=t4 ,evid5tly1 ! true "n ( ?is triple-head$ mon/] 0 n]v\s exhau/ion2 !re 0 too mu* s\l = ! body to :i* x 0 yok$4 ,to be made ) impunity1 ! attempt mu/ be made ) ! mo/ wat*ful caution4 ,he caus$ a wood5 frame to be con/ruct$ ( ! size & %ape ( a %eet ( lett] pap]4 ,/\t wires 7 fix$ horizontally across x1 half an in* ap>t1 & a movable back ( ?ick pa/ebo>d fitt$ beh9d !m4 ,! pap] = writ+ 0 plac$ betwe5 ! pa/ebo>d & ! wires1 guid$ by :i*1 & us+ a black lead crayon1 he c\ld write n illegibly ) clos$ eyes4 ,he 0 at ! "t abs5t f home1 on ,/at5 ,isl&1 :]e1 & 9 ! neighb\r+ city ( ,new ,york1 he _h fri5ds :o will+ly (f]$ _! aid4 ,x is ne$less to say to :i* half ( humanity ne>ly all ^! k9d assi/ants belong$4 ,he *ose = a beg9n+ t "p ( ! "w :i* (f]$ fewe/ difficulties & ) ! subject ( :i* he 0 mo/ famili>2 namely1 ! ,siege ( ,detroit4 ,! books & docum5ts1 already p>tially arrang$1 7 procur$ f ,bo/on1 & read to him at su* times z he c\ld li/5 to !m2 ! l5g? ( ea* read+ nev] )\t injury mu* exce$+ half an h\r1 & p]iods ( sev]al days frequ5tly occurr+ dur+ :i* he c\ld n li/5 at all4 ,notes 7 made by him ) clos$ eyes1 & aft]w>ds deciph]$ & read to him till he _h ma/]$ !m4 ,= ! fir/ half-ye> ! rate ( composition av]ag$ ab\t six l9es a day4 ,! portion ( ! book ?us compos$ 0 aft]w>ds p>tially rewritt54 ,8 heal? improv$ "u ! process1 & ! rema9d] ( ! volume--9 o!r words1 ne>ly ! :ole ( x--0 compos$ 9 ,bo/on1 :ile pac+ 9 ! twilight ( a l>ge g>ret1 ! only ex]cise :i* ! s5sitive condition ( 8 sight p]mitt$ him 9 an uncl\d$ day :ile ! sun 0 above ! horizon4 ,x 0 aft]w>ds writt5 d[n f dictation by relatives "u ! same ro(1 to :om he 0 also indebt$ = ! prep>atory read+s4 ,8 progress 0 mu* less t$i\s ?an at ! outset1 & ! hi/ory 0 complete 9 ab\t two ye>s & a half4 ,! book compos$ "u su* =midable difficulties 0 publi%$ 9 #ahea4 ,x did n at once meet ) ! reception :i* x des]v$4 ,! read+ public did n expect to f9d ent]ta9m5t 9 ,am]ican hi/ory4 ,9 ! ,new ,engl& ( ^? days ! g5]al read] _h he>d a good deal ab\t ! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs & ,salem ,wit*craft1 & rememb]$ hazily ! /ories ( ,hannah ,du/9 & ( ,putnam & ! wolf1 b c\ld n be c\nt$ on = mu* else be=e ! ,revolution4 ,i rememb] once he>+ x said t ! /ory ( ! ,old ,fr5* ,w> 0 some?+ ( no m int]e/ or value = ,am]icans ( to-day ?an ! cunei=m records ( an insurrection 9 anci5t ,n9eveh2 & s sl[ are p 9 ga9+ a correct hi/orical p]spective t )9 ! la/ t5 ye>s ! mighty _w /ruggle 9 :i* ,pitt & ,fr$]ick 7 alli$ is treat$ 9 a book entitl$ ,m9or ,w>s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates6 ,9 #ahea ! soil 0 n yet ready = ! se$ s[n by ,p>kman1 & he did n quickly or sudd5ly become popul>4 ,b aft] ! publication ( ! ,pione]s ( ,france 9 #ahfe 8 fame grew rapidly4 ,9 ^? days ,i took especial pleasure 9 prais+ 8 books1 f ! feel+ t !y 7 n s g5]ally kn[n z !y ought to be1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,engl&1 :]e he has s9ce come to be recogniz$ z =emo/ among ,am]ican writ]s ( hi/ory4 ,9 #ahgi ,i _h be5 giv+ a c\rse ( lectures at ,univ]sity ,college1 ,london1 on ,am]ica's ,place 9 ,hi/ory1 & %ortly aft]w>ds repeat$ ?is c\rse at ! little ,haw?orne ,hall1 on ,p>k ,/reet1 9 ,bo/on4 ,"o ev5+1 hav+ occasion to allude briefly to ,pontiac & 8 conspiracy1 ,i said1 among o!r ?+s1 t x 0 memorable z ! !me ( "o ( ! mo/ brilliant & fasc9at+ books t h ev] be5 writt5 by any hi/orian s9ce ! days ( ,h]odotus4 ,! words 7 sc>cely out ( my m\? :5 ,i happ5$ to cat* sight ( ,mr4 ,p>kman 9 my audi5ce4 ,i _h n obs]v$ him be=e1 ?\gh he 0 seat$ q ne> me4 ,i %all nev] =get ! sudd5 />t :i* he gave1 & ! height5$ col\r ( 8 noble face1 ) its curi\s look ( surprise & pleasure1--an expression z hone/ & simple z "o might witness 9 a r %y s*oolboy sudd5ly s+l$ out = praise4 ,i 0 s glad t ,i _h said :at ,i did )\t ?9k+ ( 8 he>+ me4 ,9 ,may1 #ahej1 :ile at "w ^u ?is great book1 ,mr4 ,p>kman m>ri$ ,ca!r9e1 daught] ( ,jacob ,bigel[1 an em95t physician ( ,bo/on4 ,( ?is m>riage !re 7 ?ree *ildr51--a son1 :o di$ :ile an infant1 & two daught]s1 :o /ill survive4 ,mrs4 ,p>kman di$ 9 #aheh1 & h] husb& nev] m>ri$ aga94 ,dur+ ^! ye>s1 :5 8 complicat$ ailm5ts = a "t made hi/orical "w impossible ev5 to ?is man ( ,titanic w1 he assuag$ 8 crav+s = spiritual creation by writ+ a novel1 ,vassall ,morton4 ,( 8 books x is ! only "o t ,i h nev] se51 & ,i c speak ( x only f he>say4 ,x is said to be n )\t signal m]its1 b x did n f9d a great _m read]s1 & its au?or seems n to h c>$ mu* = x4 ,! ma9 curr5t ( 8 int]e/ 9 life 0 too /rong to all[ ( mu* div]sion into side *annels4 ,mean:ile1 to cite 8 own words1 ! ,faculty ( ,m$ic9e 7 n idle1 display+ t exub]ance ( res\rce = :i* t rem>kable pr(ession is ju/ly fam$4 ,! wise/1 inde$1 did no?+1 comm5d+ 8 pati5t to "t & fai?2 b ! activity ( 8 bre?r5 made full am5ds = ?is ma/]ly inaction4 ,"o 0 = tonics1 ano!r = a diet ( milk2 "o c\nsell$ galvanism1 ano!r hydropa?y2 "o sc>r$ him beh9d ! neck ) nitric acid1 ano!r drew r$-hot irons along 8 sp9e ) a view ( enliv5+ t organ4 ,op9ion 0 div]g5t z practice4 ,"o assur$ him ( recov]y 9 six ye>s2 ano!r ?\ght t he w\ld nev] recov]4 ,ano!r1 ) grave circumlocution1 le/ ! pati5t %\ld take fright1 in=m$ him t he 0 ! victim ( an organic disease ( ! bra9 :i* mu/ ne$s dispat* him to ano!r _w )9 a twelvemon?2 & he /ood amaz$ at ! smile ( an auditor :o nei!r c>$ = ! ann\ncem5t nor believ$ x4 ,ano!r1 an em95t physiologi/ ( ,p>is1 aft] an acqua9tance ( ?ree mon?s1 "o day told him t f ! nature ( ! disord] he _h at fir/ suppos$ t x mu/1 9 accordance ) prec$5t1 be att5d$ ) insanity1 & _h ev] s9ce be5 /udy+ him to discov] "u :at =m ! suppos$ ab]ration decl>$ itself2 add+1 ) a some:at humor\s look1 t 8 rese>*es _h n be5 rew>d$ ) ! smalle/ success4 ,soon aft] 8 m>riage ,mr4 ,p>kman became possessor ( a small e/ate ( ?ree acres or s 9 ,jamaica ,pla91 on ! /eep %ore ( ! beautiful pond4 ,x 0 a *>m+ place1 ?or\ghly ,engli% 9 its homelike simplicity & ref9$ com=t4 ,! h\se /ood ne> ! entrance1 & on n f> f ! same level z ! roadway2 b f ! side & re> ! gr\nd fell (f rapidly1 s t x 0 q a %>p desc5t to ! pretty little :>f or dock1 :]e "o might sit & gaze on ! placid1 dreamy wat]4 ,x is ) t lovely home t ,p>kman is *iefly associat$ 9 my m9d4 ,tw5ty ye>s ago1 :ile ,i 0 act+ z libr>ian at ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 he 0 a memb] ( ! corporation1 & ,i _h frequ5t occasion to consult ) him on matt]s ( bus9ess4 ,at su* times ,i w\ld drive ov] f ,cambridge or take a /reet c> to ,jamaica ,pla91 sure ( a cordial greet+ & a pleasant *at1 9 :i* bus9ess always receiv$ its full measure ( ju/ice1 & 0 !n ?ru/ aside = m inspir+ !mes4 ,! memory ( "o day 9 p>ticul> w g ) me ?r\gh life1--an en*ant$ day 9 ! season ( apple blossoms1 :5 ,i w5t 9 ! morn+ = a brief err&1 tak+ ) me "o ( my little sons4 ,! brief err& end$ 9 sp5d+ ! :ole day & /ay+ until late 9 ! ev5+1 :ile ! _w ( ?\ght 0 ransack$ & "s ( its weightie/ que/ions provisionally settl$6 ,nor 0 ei!r gre5h\se or g>d5 or pond neglect$4 ,at su* times !re 0 no?+ 9 ,p>kman's looks or mann] to sugge/ ! invalid4 ,he & ,i 7 memb]s ( a small club ( a doz5 or m cong5ial spirits :o n[ = ne>ly ?irty ye>s h met once a mon? to d9e toge!r4 ,:5 he came to ! d9n] he 0 always "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ companions at ! table2 b ill heal? (t5 prev5t$ 8 com+1 & 9 ! latt] ye>s ( 8 life he nev] came4 ,i knew no?+ ( ! s]i\s nature ( 8 tr\bles2 & :5 ,i he>d ! cause ( 8 abs5ce alleg$1 ,i us$ to suppose t x 0 m]ely "s ne$ = tak+ c>e ( dige/ion or avoid+ late h\rs t kept him at home4 ,:at mo/ impress$ "o1 9 talk+ ) him1 0 ! comb9ation ( p[] & al]tness ) extreme g5tl5ess4 ,n]v\s irritability 0 ! la/ ?+ ( :i* ,i %\ld h suspect$ him4 ,he nev] made ! slighte/ allusion to 8 ill heal?2 he w\ld probably h deem$ x inconsi/5t ) good bre$+ to intrude ^u 8 fri5ds ) su* topics2 & 8 appe>ance z always mo/ *e]ful4 ,8 fri5d 7our common fri5d71 ! late ,octavius ,fro?+ham1 says ( him3 ,aga9 & aga9 he _h to re/ra9 ! impulse to say vehem5t ?+s1 or to d viol5t de$s )\t ! lea/ provocation2 b he ma9ta9$ s absolutely 8 moral self-control t none b ! close/ obs]v] w\ld notice any deviation f ! mo/ p]fect calm & s]5ity4 ,i c te/ify t until aft] ,mr4 ,p>kman's dea? ,i _h nev] dream$ ( ! exi/5ce ( any su* deviation4 ,g>d5 & gre5h\se =m$ a v important "p ( ! home by ,jamaica ,pond4 ,mr4 ,p>kman's love = ,nature 0 9 no way m conspicu\sly %[n ?an 9 8 dilig5ce & skill 9 cultivat+ fl[]s4 ,x is (t5 obs]v$ t plants w gr[ = "s p]sons1 b n = o!rs2 "o man's cons]vatory w be heavy ) v]dure1 gorge\s 9 its col\rs1 & r$ol5t ( sweet od\rs1 :ile 8 neighb\r's c %[ no?+ b a =lorn assemblage ( pots & /icks4 ,! diff]5ce is due to ! lov+ c>e :i* le>ns & hum\rs ! idiosyncrasies ( ea* individual ?+ t gr[s1 ! ke5 obs]vation ( ! naturali/ supplem5t$ by ! wat*ful solicitude ( ! nurse4 ,among ! indications ( r>e love & k ( ,nature is m>k$ success 9 induc+ h] to br+ =? h] mo/ exquisite creations1 ! fl[]s4 ,z an exp]t 9 horticulture ,p>kman a*iev$ celebrity4 ,8 g>d5 & gre5h\se _h extraord9>y ?+s to %[4 ,z he po9t$ out to me on my fir/ visit to !m1 he foll[$ ,d>w9ian me?ods & orig9at$ new v>ieties ( plants4 ,! ,lilium ,p>kmani has long be5 fam\s among flori/s4 ,he 0 also em95t 9 ! culture ( roses1 & au?or ( a "w entitl$ ,! ,book ( ,roses1 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #ahff4 ,he 0 ,presid5t ( ! ,horticultural ,society1 & at "o "t ,pr(essor ( ,horticulture 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 ,!re c be no d\bt z to ! b5eficial effects ( ^! pursuits4 ,x is :olesome to be out ( doors ) spade & tr[el & spr9kl]2 !re is some?+ tonic 9 ! aroma ( fre% damp loam2 & no?+ is m re/ful to ! s\l ?an daily sympa!tic int]c\rse ) fl[]+ plants4 ,x 0 surely "h t ,p>kman f\nd 8 be/ m$ic9e4 ,:5 he ent]$1 9 #ahea1 ^u 8 great "w on ,france & ,engl& 9 ! ,new ,_w1 he _h be=e him ! task ( trac+ out1 collect+1 index+1 arrang+1 & dige/+ a great mass ( incongru\s mat]ial scatt]$ on bo? sides ( ! ,atlantic4 ,a consid]able portion ( ?is mat]ial 0 9 manuscript1 & involv$ mu* t$i\s exploration & ! employm5t ( tra9$ copyi/s4 ,x 0 necess>y to /udy c>efully ! catalogues ( _m ,european libr>ies1 & to op5 correspond5ce ) su* s*ol>s & public (ficials 9 bo? hemisph]es z might be able to po9t to ! :]eab\ts ( fre% s\rces ( in=mation4 ,"w ( ?is sort1 z "o bit ( clue leads to ano!r1 is capable ( ar\s+ ! emotion ( pursuit to a v high degree2 & ,i believe ! effect ( x ^u ,p>kman's heal? mu/ h be5 good1 9 spite (1 or r because (1 its difficulties4 ,! *ase 0 c>ri$ on until 8 manuscript treasures _h be5 br\ght to an extraord9>y degree ( complet5ess4 ,^! made 8 libr>y q rem>kable4 ,9 pr9t$ books x 0 f> less ri*4 ,he _h n ! ta/es ( a bibliophile1 & did n feel x necess>y1 z ,freeman did1 to own all ! books he us$4 ,8 libr>y ( pr9t$ books1 :i* at 8 dea? w5t to ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 0 a v small "o = a s*ol>1--ab\t tw5ty-five hundr$ volumes1 includ+ m or less ( ,greek & ,lat9 lit]ature & !ology inh]it$ f 8 fa!r4 ,8 manuscripts1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 w5t to ! libr>y ( ! ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,society4 ,:5 ! manuscripts _h come into 8 h&s1 an ardu\s lab\r 0 begun4 ,all _h to be read to him & tak5 9 sl[ly1 bit by bit4 ,! incapacity to keep /eadily at "w made x impossible to employ regul> assi/ants pr(itably2 & = read]s he ei!r dep5d$ ^u memb]s ( 8 own family or call$ 9 pupils f ! public s*ools4 ,once he speaks ( hav+ _h a well-tra9$ "y man1 :o 0 an excell5t l+ui/2 on ano!r occasion x 0 a s*oolgirl ignorant ( any tongue b h] own1 & ! effect1 ?\gh highly amus+ to by/&]s1 0 f> f be+ s to ! p]son endeav\r+ to foll[ ! mean+ ( ?is s+ul> j>gon4 ,! l>g] "p ( ! docum5ts us$ 9 prep>+ ! e>li] volumes 7 9 sev5te5?-c5tury ,fr5*1 :i*1 ?\gh f> f be+ ,old ,fr5*1 is en\gh unlike ! n9ete5?-c5tury spee* to h tr\bl$ ,p>kman's read]s1 & ?us to h worri$ 8 e>s4 ,z ,fro?+ham describes 8 me?od1 :5 ! manuscripts 7 sl[ly read to him1 fir/ ! *ief po9ts 7 consid]$1 !n ! details ( ! /ory 7 gone ov] c>efully & m9utely4 ,z ! read+ w5t on he made notes1 fir/ ( ess5tial matt]s1 !n ( non-ess5tial4 ,aft] ?is he weld$ ev]y?+ toge!r1 made ! n>rative completely 8 own1 infus$ into x 8 own fire1 quick5$ x by 8 own imag9ation1 & made x1 z x 71 a liv+ exp]i5ce1 s t 8 books read l p]sonal rem9isc5ces4 ,x 0 c]ta9ly a sl[ & pa9ful process1 b ! result m ?an ju/ifi$ ! lab\r4 ,9 ! fragm5t ( autobiography already quot$1 :i* ,mr4 ,p>kman left ) ,dr4 ,ellis 9 #ahfh1 b :i* 0 app>5tly writt5 9 #ahfe1 he says3 ,"o ye>1 f\r ye>s1 & num]\s %ort int]vals la/+ f a day to a mon? repres5t ! lit]>y int]ruptions s9ce ! "w 9 h& 0 begun4 ,"u ! mo/ fav\rable conditions x 0 a sl[ & d\btful navigation1 beset ) reefs & break]s1 dem&+ a con/ant look\t & a con/ant ?r[+ ( ! lead4 ,( late ye>s1 h[ev]1 ! condition ( ! sight has s f> improv$ z to p]mit read+1 n exce$+ on ! av]age five m9utes at "o "t4 ,?is modicum ( p[]1 ?\gh app>5tly trifl+1 proves ( ! greate/ s]vice1 s9ce by a cauti\s managem5t its application may be ext5d$4 ,by read+ = "o m9ute1 & !n re/+ = an equal "t1 ?is alt]nate process may g5]ally be cont9u$ = ab\t half an h\r4 ,!n aft] a suffici5t int]val x may be repeat$1 (t5 ?ree or f\r times 9 ! c\rse ( ! day4 ,by ?is means ne>ly ! :ole ( ! volume n[ (f]$ ,pione]s has be5 compos$4444 ,h[ f>1 by a process comb9+ ! sl[ness ( ! tortoise ) ! unc]ta9ty ( ! h>e1 an und]tak+ ( close & ext5d$ rese>* c be advanc$1 is a "q to solve :i* !re is no aid f prec$5t1 s9ce x does n appe> t an attempt "u simil> circum/ances has hi!rto be5 made4 ,! writ] looks1 h[ev]1 = a fair degree ( success4 ,aft] #ahfe ! progress 0 c]ta9ly mu* m rapid ?an be=e4 ,! next f\rte5 ye>s witness$ ! publication ( ,! ,jesuits1 ,la ,salle1 ,! ,old ,rgime1 & ,front5ac1 & saw ,montcalm & ,wolfe well "u way2 :ile ! ,half-,c5tury ( ,conflict1 int]v5+ betwe5 ,front5ac & ,montcalm & ,wolfe1 0 res]v$ until ! la/-m5tion$ "w %\ld be done1 = ! same reason t l$ ,h]b]t ,sp5c] to po/pone ! complet+ ( 8 ,sociology until he %\ld h f9i%$ 8 ,pr9ciples ( ,e?ics4 ,9 view ( life's vicissitudes1 x 0 prud5t to make sure ( ! cr[n+ "w1 at all ev5ts leav+ "s connect+ l9ks to be ins]t$ aft]w>ds4 ,z "o ob/acle aft] ano!r 0 surm\nt$1 z "o gr& division ( ! "w aft] ano!r became an accompli%$ fact1 ! effect ^u ,p>kman's condition mu/ h be5 brac+1 & he seems to h acquir$ fre% impetus z he approa*$ ! goal4 ,= desultory "w 9 ! %ape ( magaz9e articles he _h little leisure2 b two essays ( 81 on ,! ,failure ( ,univ]sal ,suffrage & on ,! ,reasons aga9/ ,woman ,suffrage1 are v ?\ghtful1 & wor?y ( s]i\s consid]ation4 ,9 que/ions ( political philosophy1 8 conclusions1 :i* 7 rea*$ f a v wide & imp>tial survey ( ess5tial facts1 always seem$ to me ( ! highe/ value4 ,:5 ,i look back ^u ,p>kman's noble life1 ,i ?9k ( ,m5delssohn's *orus1 ,he t %all endure to ! end1 ) its *a/e & sev]ely beautiful melody1 & ! calm1 inv9cible fai? :i* x expresses4 ,aft] all ! h>r[+ ye>s ( d\bt & di/ress1 ! victory 0 su* 9 its magnitude z has be5 grant$ to b few mortals to w94 ,he liv$ to see 8 life's "w done2 ! ?\ght ( 8 eighte5? ye> 0 realiz$ 9 8 sixty-n9?2 & its greatness _h come to be admitt$ ?r\gh\t ! civiliz$ _w4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahic1 8 sev5tie? ye> 0 complet$1 & 8 autumn 9 ! lovely home at ,jamaica ,pla9 0 a pleasant "o4 ,on ! fir/ ,sunday aft]noon 9 ,novemb] he r[$ on ! pond 9 8 boat1 b felt ill z he return$ to ! h\se1 & on ! next ,w$nesday1 ! #h?1 he pass$ quietly away4 ,?us he dep>t$ f a _w :i* w ev]more be ! ri*] & bett] = hav+ once _h him z its d5iz54 ,! memory ( a life s /rong & beautiful is a preci\s possession = u all4 ,z = ! book on :i* he lab\r$ ) su* m>vell\s h]oism1 a ^w may be said 9 conclusion4 ,great 9 8 natural p[]s & great 9 ! use he made ( !m1 ,p>kman 0 no less great 9 8 occasion & 9 8 !me4 ,( all ,am]ican hi/orians he is ! mo/ deeply & peculi>ly ,am]ican1 yet he is at ! same "t ! broade/ & mo/ cosmopolitan4 ,! book :i* depicts at once ! social life ( ! ,/one ,age1 & ! victory ( ! ,engli% political ideal ov] ! ideal :i* ,france inh]it$ f imp]ial ,rome1 is a book = all mank9d & = all "t4 ,! m adequately m5's hi/oric p]spective gets adju/$1 ! great] w x seem4 ,/rong 9 its individuality1 & l to no?+ else1 x cle>ly belongs1 ,i ?9k1 among ! _w's few ma/]pieces ( ! highe/ rank1 along ) ! works ( ,h]odotus1 ,?ucydides1 & ,gibbon4 ,febru>y1 #ahig4 ,,ix ,,edw>d ,,augu/us ,,freeman ,! sudd5 dea? ( ,pr(essor ,freeman1 la/ ,m>* #ahib1 0 a great calamity to ! _w ( lett]s4 ,al?\gh 8 a*ievem5ts 9 ! field ( hi/orical writ+ _h be5 s v>i$ & volum9\s1 yet "s ( 8 mo/ important !mes--"s ( ^? :i* _h be5 sl[ly rip5+ & mo/ ri*ly develop$ 9 8 m9d--7 /ill await+ lit]>y treatm5t at 8 h&s1 & at ! "t ( 8 dea? he _h j f9i%$ ! ?ird volume ( a colossal "w :i* 0 /ill 9 its e>li] /ages4 ,8 end 0 premature1 & x is ) a ke5 s5se ( b]eavem5t t we take ?is occasion to pay a brief ^w ( tribute to s de> & hon\r$ a tea*]4 ,edw>d ,augu/us ,freeman1 son ( ,john ,freeman ( ,r$more ,hall1 9 ,worce/]%ire1 0 born at ,h>borne1 ,/af=d%ire1 ,augu/ #b1 #ahbc4 ,8 life 0 always purely t ( a s*ol> & tea*]1 & a *ronicle ( its ev5ts w\ld consi/ *iefly ( ! record ( books publi%$ & (fices held at ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 ,he 0 graduat$ at ,tr9ity ,college 9 #ahde1 & rema9$ !re z a ,fell[ until #ahdg4 ,9 #aheg1 #ahfc1 & #ahgc he s]v$ z ,exam9] 9 ,mod]n ,hi/ory4 ,9 #ahhj he 0 *os5 honor>y ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity1 & 9 #ahhd ,fell[ ( ,oriel4 ,9 ! latt] ye> he 0 appo9t$ ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,mod]n ,hi/ory1 succe$+ ,bi%op ,/ubbs 9 t position4 ,x is n necess>y to enum]ate ! honor>y degrees :i* he receiv$ f ,ox=d & ,cambridge1 & f univ]sities 9 v>i\s ,european c\ntries4 ,at ! "t ( 8 dea? he 0 a memb] ( le>n$ societies 9 ne>ly all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,= _m ye>s he _h be5 a ,knight ,comm&] ( ! ,greek ,ord] ( ! ,savi\r4 ,he _h also receiv$ hon\rs ( knigh?ood f ,s]via & ,mont5egro4 ,9 #ahfh he 0 a c&idate = ,p>liam5t1 b fail$ ( election2 & t seems to h be5 8 sole v5ture 9 ! _w ( politics4 ,8 travels ^u ! cont95t ( ,europe 7 _m & ext5sive4 ,:5 at home he liv$ 9 rural seclusion1--f> f ! madd+ cr[d1--^u 8 e/ate at ,som]leaze1 ne> ,wells & its noble ca!dral2 only 9 ^! latt] ye>s he made a home = himself1 dur+ ! ,ox=d t]ms1 at ,/4 ,giles 9 t city4 ,f ! v beg9n+ ,freeman's hi/orical /udies 7 *>act]iz$ on ! "o h& by philosophical bread? ( view1 & on ! o!r h& by extreme accuracy ( /atem5t1 & su* lov+ m9ut5ess ( detail z is apt to m>k ! local antiqu>y ^: life has be5 sp5t 9 /udy+ only "o ?+4 ,x 0 to ! comb9ation ( ^! two *>act]i/ics t ! prem95t greatness ( 8 hi/orical "w 0 due4 ,we see ! comb9ation already prefigur$1 & to "s ext5t realiz$1 9 8 fir/ book1 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,ar*itecture1 publi%$ 9 #ahdi1 al?\gh ?is c h>dly be call$ su* a "w ( orig9al rese>* z ! books ( 8 matur] ye>s4 ,two ye>s aft]w>d appe>$ ! le>n$ ,essay on ! ,orig9 & ,developm5t ( ,w9d[ ,trac]y 9 ,engl&1 a "w :i* ,i d n feel able to criticise1 b :i* ,i am sure is v *>m+ to read4 ,i believe t ?is book 0 foll[$ by at lea/ ?ree o!rs 9 ! same dep>tm5t1 ,ar*itectural ,antiquities ( ,g[]1 ,! ,antiquities ( ,/4 ,david's1 & ,! ,ar*itecture ( ,ll&aff ,ca!dral1 b ,i h nev] se5 !m4 ,9 ! preface to ! essay on w9d[ trac]y ,mr4 ,freeman alludes to ,rev4 ,g4 ,w4 ,cox z 8 fri5d & coadjutor 9 _m und]tak+s1 & ,i h he>d ( a volume ( poems by ,g4 ,w4 ,c4 & ,e4 ,a4 ,f4 publi%$ 9 ^? days1 b ,i "k no m ab\t x4 ,x is to be hop$ t ^! e>ly works1 :i* h become v sc>ce1 w be=e long be collect$ & repr9t$4 ,:51 aft] ^! publications on ar*itecture1 ,freeman began publi%+ books & articles on anci5t ,greece & on ! ,s>ac5s1 ,i presume !re 7 _m ( 8 read]s :o ?\ghtlessly assum$ t he _h *ang$ 8 vocation2 he mu/ m ?an once h _h to answ] ! /upid "q :y he _h gone ov] f ar*itecture to hi/ory4 ,b 9 8 m9d ! evolution ( ar*itecture 0 nev] sep>at$ f ! c\rse ( political hi/ory2 & ! effect ( ^! e>ly /udies 9 ar*itecture1 :i* 7 inde$ nev] ab&on$1 b kept up ) en?usiasm 9 lat] ye>s1 0 to give increas$ def9it5ess & concret5ess to 8 pres5tation ( hi/orical ev5ts4 ,:5 ,i use su* a ^w z evolution 9 ?is connection1 ,i d n mean t ,mr4 ,freeman 0 9 any s5se a disciple ( ! mod]n evolution philosophy4 ,!re is no?+ to %[ t he ev] gave any "t or att5tion to ! /udy ( t subject1 or t he _h any te*nical k ev5 ( its t]m9ology4 ,:e!r consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 h[ev]1 he 0 an evolutioni/ 9 _s4 ,f ! outset he 0 deeply impress$ ) ! solid>ity ( human hi/ory1 & no /ud5t ( political developm5t 9 our "t has made m effective use ( ! comp>ative me?od4 ,f #ahej to #ahfc ,freeman's publi%$ writ+s 7 *iefly conc]n$ ) ,m$it]ranean hi/ory view$ on ! broade/ scale 9 relation to all ^? movem5ts ( progressive humanity :i* h _h t great inl& sea = a common c5tre4 ,"h came ^? brilliant essays on ,anci5t ,greece & ,m$ival ,italy1 ,hom] & ! ,hom]ic ,age1 ,! ,a!nian ,democracy1 ,alex&] ! ,great1 ,greece dur+ ! ,mac$onian ,p]iod1 ,momms5's ,hi/ory ( ,rome1 ,! ,flavian ,cs>s1 & o!rs s9ce collect$ 9 ! second s]ies ( 8 ,hi/orical ,essays4 ,to ?is p]iod also belongs ! little book on ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,s>ac5s1 bas$ ^u lectures giv5 at ! ,philosophical ,in/itution 9 ,ed9burgh4 ,f ^! ,m$it]ranean /udies may be said to h gr[n two ( ,freeman's ?ree great works1--bo? ( !m1 un=tunately1 left incomplete at 8 dea?1--! ,hi/ory ( ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & ! ,hi/ory ( ,sicily4 ,freeman 0 rem>kably free f ! common habit--common ev5 among em95t hi/orians--( conc5trat+ 8 att5tion ^u "s exceptionally brilliant p]iod or s-call$ classical age1 to ! exclusion ( o!r ages t w5t be=e & came aft]4 ,su* a habit is fatal to all correct und]/&+ ( hi/ory1 ev5 t ( ! ages ^u :i* att5tion is ?us unwisely conc5trat$4 ,freeman und]/ood t 9 "s respects1 if n 9 o!rs1 ! hi/ory ( ,greece is j z important aft] ! battle ( ,*ronea z be=e2 & he became especially int]e/$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,a*aian ,league & o!r ,greek attempts at f$]ation4 ,!nce grew ! idea ( /udy+ ! developm5t ( f$]al union z ! highe/ =m ( nation-build+1 beg9n+ ) its g]ms 9 ! leagues among ,greek autonom\s cities4 ,! ent]prise 0 ardu\s1 involv+ z x did ! det]m9ation ( obscure po9ts 9 ! hi/ory ( _m ages & c\ntries1 m p>ticul>ly ,greece1 ,switz]l&1 & ,am]ica4 ,! fir/ volume1 conta9+ ! g5]al introduction & ! hi/ory ( ! ,greek f$]ations1 0 publi%$ 9 #ahfc1 a /alw>t octavo ( #gba pages4 ,x bore ^u ! title-page a motto f ,! ,f$]ali/1 ,no4 ,,xviii41--,c\ld ! int]ior /ructure & regul> op]ation ( ! ,a*aian ,league be asc]ta9$1 x is probable t m light might be ?r[n by x on ! sci5ce ( f$]al gov]nm5t ?an by any ( ! l exp]im5ts ) :i* we are acqua9t$4 ,?is book is ( priceless value1 & if ,freeman _h nev] publi%$ any?+ m1 x w\ld h entitl$ him to a place 9 ! =emo/ rank ( hi/orians4 ,x deals ?or\ghly ) a v important portion ( ! _w's hi/ory to :i* no "o be=e _h ev5 begun to d ju/ice4 ,its admirable philosophical _s is mat*$ by its ke5 critical insight & its m9ute & exhau/ive control ( all s\rces ( in=mation4 ,its n>rative1 moreov]1 is full ( human int]e/4 ,yet x nev] became a popul> book4 ,x 0 h>d to make p believe t ! ,a*aian ,league c\ld be int]e/+1 & 9 ord] to realize ! philosophical value ( ! :ole /ory mo/ read]s w\ld ne$ to h ! lat] portions ( x set be=e _! eyes4 ,b ?is noble "w1 9 "s respects ! gr&e/ ( ! au?or's conceptions1 0 nev] complet$4 ,! fir/ volume 0 all t ev] 0 publi%$4 ,= ?is fact ,i h sometimes he>d ,am]icans (f] a grotesque explanation4 ,! volume publi%$ 9 #ahfc1 9 ! middle ( our ,civil ,w>1 bore ! title ,hi/ory ( ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 f ! ,f\ndation ( ! ,a*aian ,league to ! ,disruption ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is title gave (f5ce 9 ,am]ica4 ,x 0 too ha/ily tak5 to indicate t ! au?or wi%$ well to ! ,s\!rn ,conf$]acy1 & reg>d$ its indep5d5ce z an accompli%$ fact4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! title 0 ill *os52 b to suppose1 z "s p did1 t *agr9 at ! success ( ! ,union arms prev5t$ ,freeman f go+ on ) 8 book 0 simply ridicul\s4 ,x 0 n any?+ t happ5$ 9 ,am]ica1 b some?+ t happ5$ 9 ,europe1 :i* caus$ him to def] ! completion ( 8 second volume4 ,t volume 0 to deal ) f$]al gov]nm5t z exemplifi$ 9 ,switz]l& & o!rwise 9 ,g]many2 & ! w> ( #ahff betwe5 ,prussia & ,au/ria m>k$ ! beg9n+ ( organic *anges 9 ,g]many :i* ,freeman 0 anxi\s to wat* = a :ile be=e f9i%+ 8 book4 ,he !re=e turn$ aside & took up ! ?ird ( 8 ?ree great works1--! only "o t he liv$ to complete1--! ,hi/ory ( ! ,norman ,conque/ ( ,engl&1 its ,causes & its ,results4 ,^u ?is subject he _h ?\ght & /udi$ = ne>ly tw5ty ye>s1 or ev] s9ce ! "t :5 he 0 publi%+ works on ar*itecture4 ,z "o turns ! leaves ( ^! /\t volumes1 ea* ( sev5 or eight hundr$ pages1 cr[d$ ) m9ute & accurate erudition1 "o m>vels t ! au?or c\ld c>ry along s _m rese>*es & ( su* exhau/ive "* at ! same "t4 ,alike 9 ,greek1 9 ,g]man1 & 9 ,engli% hi/ory1 along ) abundant g5]alizations1 (t5 highly orig9al & sugge/ive1 we f9d inve/igations ( obscure po9ts 9 :i* e item ( evid5ce is weigh$ z 9 an apo!c>y's scale1 & 9 all ^! directions ,freeman 0 work+ at once4 ,:5 x came to publi%+1 volume foll[$ volume ) surpris+ quickness4 ,turn+ aside 9 #ahff f ! second volume ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t :5 a l>ge "p ( x 0 already writt51 ,freeman br\ght out ! fir/ volume ( ! ,norman ,conque/ 9 #ahfg1 ! second 9 #ahfh1 ! ?ird 9 #ahfi1 ! f\r? 9 #ahga1 ! fif? m leisurely 9 #ahgf4 ,! proportions ( ?is "w are em95tly *>act]i/ic ( ! au?or's hi/orical p]spective4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! ,norman ,conque/1 a survey ( all previ\s ,engli% hi/ory1 & especially ( ! /ruggle betwe5 ,engli%m5 & ,danes1 is ess5tial2 & ! fir/ volume c>ries u 9 "o great sweep f ! l&+ ( ,h5gi/ to ! accession ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor1 :ile ! e>ly hi/ory ( ,norm&y also receives due att5tion4 ,we n[ ent] ! region ( proximate causes1 :i* require m detail$ specification1 & ! second volume takes u ?r\gh ! f\r-&-tw5ty ye>s ( ,edw>d's reign4 ,8 dea? hurries ! situation to its dramatic climax1 & ! :ole ( ! ?ird volume is devot$ to ! ev5ts ( ! s+le ye> #ajff4 ,! completion ( ! ,conque/ d[n to ! dea? ( ! ,conqu]or is treat$ ) less detail1 & ! tw5ty-"o ye>s are compris$ )9 a volume4 ,f9ally1 9 summ+ up ! results ( ! great ev5t1 ! la/ volume cov]s two c5turies1 & leaves u 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,i41 ! k+ :o did s mu* to make mod]n ,engli% hi/ory ! glori\s tale t x has be54 ,9 f9i%+ 8 "w ^u ^! proportions1 ,freeman enc\nt]$ _m po9ts 9 ! reign ( ,william ,rufus t ne$$ full] treatm5t1 & s 9 #ahhb he publi%$ 9 two volumes ! hi/ory ( t reign z a sequel to ! ,norman ,conque/4 ,tak5 z a :ole1 ! sev5 volumes give u su* a ma/]ly philosophic analysis & su* a picturesque & vivid n>rative ( ! hi/ory ( ,engl& 9 ! elev5? c5tury t x mu/ be pron\nc$ ! monum5tal "w ^u :i* ,freeman's reputation w *iefly re/4 ,:ile ^! volumes 7 9 c\rse ( publication1 !re 0 sc>cely a ye> :5 its busy au?or1 f 8 weal? ( k1 did n br+ out "s o!r book4 ,sometimes x 0 :at m5 c\nt a slight affair1 su* z a textbook1--albeit ! textbook is p]haps ! h>de/ k9d ( book to write well2 sometimes x 0 a brief monograph or c\rse ( lectures2 sometimes a collection ( e>li] writ+s4 ,!re 0 an ,old ,engli% ,hi/ory = ,*ildr5 7#ahfi71 a ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ! ,norman ,conque/ 7#ahhj71 & a ,g5]al ,sket* ( ,european ,hi/ory 7#ahgc74 ,! ,gr[? ( ! ,engli% ,con/itution 0 sugge/ively treat$ 9 a small volume 7#ahgb74 ,!re 0 a ,hi/ory ( ! ,ca!dral ,*ur* at ,wells 7#ahgj71 & !re 0 a collection ( ,hi/orical & ,ar*itectural ,sket*es1 *iefly f ,italy 7#ahgf71 foll[$ by ,sket*es f ! ,subject & ,neighb\r ,l&s ( ,v5ice 7#ahha74 ,9 ^! two la/-nam$ volumes1 illu/rat$ *iefly f ! au?or's own draw+s1 "o sees t 8 int]e/ 9 ,diocletian & ,!odoric 0 sc>cely less ke5 ?an 9 ,alfr$ ( ,wessex or ,william ! ,norman4 ,no o!r mod]n travell] has done su* ju/ice to ,i/ria & ,dalmatia4 ,i am n jok+1 he writes1 :5 ,i say t ! be/ guide to ^? p>ts is /ill ! acc\nt writt5 by ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e ,porphyrog5itus m ?an n9e hundr$ ye>s back4 ,b x is surely high "t t !re %\ld be ano!r4 ,freeman's accurate k ( s\!a/]n ,europe & its peoples1 c\pl$ ) 8 wide & compreh5sive /udy ( ! contact betwe5 ,*ri/ians & ,mussulmans 9 all ages1 l$ him to take v s\nd & :olesome views ( ! unspeakable ,turk & ! ev]la/+ ,ea/]n ,"q2 & 9 #ahgg1 :5 public att5tion 0 s /rongly direct$ t[>d ! ,balkans1 he publi%$ a lucid & graphic little volume on ,! ,ottoman ,p[] 9 ,europe4 ,?is book 0 a companion to ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,s>ac5s1 above m5tion$1 & ! two toge!r make z good an introduction to ,mussulman hi/ory 9 its relations to ,europe z ! g5]al read] is likely to f9d4 ,among ! ho/ ( side works :i* 7 issu$ dur+ ^! ye>s1 two call = especial m5tion4 ,9 ! lectures on ,comp>ative ,politics1 giv5 at ! ,royal ,in/itution 9 #ahgc1 ,freeman analyz$ & describ$ ! diff]5t =ms assum$ by ,aryan in/itutions among ,greeks1 ,romans1 & ,teutons4 ,?is book is 8 mo/ di/9ct attempt to make 8 c5tral !me ! c>e] ( an in/itution1 su* z k+%ip or repres5tative assemblies1 r ?an ! c>e] ( a /ate or a p4 ,9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 ! two k9ds ( treatm5t1 analytical & syn!tical1 7 comb9$ 9 a way t w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 h made t 8 gr&e/ "w1 _h x be5 complet$4 ,9 ! lectures we get an able analysis & comp>ison1 full ( fruitful sugge/ions1 & 9 our au?or's happie/ /yle4 ,!re is n ! orig9ality ( s*ol>%ip "h t we f9d 9 ,sir ,h5ry ,ma9e1 nor d we f9d ! bread? ( view t c be ga9$ only :5 ! b>b>ic non-,aryan _w is tak5 into acc\nt4 ,su* bread? 0 n to be expect$ tw5ty ye>s ago1 & be=e ! pa?-break+ "w ( ! ,am]ican s*ol> ,lewis ,morgan4 ,freeman's outlook 0 conf9$ to ! ,aryan doma92 b he did n attempt m ?an he knew4 ,8 task 0 conceiv$ ) s cle> a consci\sness ( 8 limitations1 & e po9t 0 s ri*ly illu/rat$1 t ! ,comp>ative ,politics rema9s "o ( 8 mo/ useful & *>m+ books4 ,! o!r "w call+ = especial m5tion is ,! ,hi/orical ,geography ( ,europe1 publi%$ 9 #ahhj4 ,its object 0 to trace out ! ext5t ( t]ritory :i* ! diff]5t /ates & nations ( ,europe h held at diff]5t times 9 ! _w's hi/ory2 to m>k ! diff]5t b\nd>ies :i* ! same c\ntry has _h1 & ! diff]5t mean+s 9 :i* ! same "n has be5 us$4 ,su* "w is ( great & fundam5tal importance1 because m5 are p]petually mak+ grotesque mi/akes ?r\gh ignorance or =getfulness ( ! *anges :i* h occurr$ on ! map2 z1 = example1 :5 somebody speaks ( ,lyons 9 ! twelf? c5tury z a ,fr5* city1 or supposes t ,*>les ! ,bold invad$ ,swiss t]ritory4 ,hi/orical writ+s fairly sw>m ) blund]s bas$ ^u unconsci\s errors ( ?is sort1 & n[h]e did ,freeman d bett] s]vice ?an 9 po9t+ !m out on e possible occasion4 ,no writ] has s effectively w>n$ ! hi/orical /ud5t aga9/ t besett+ s9 ( bondage to ! mod]n map4 ,8 exposition ( hi/orical geography is a book ( pure/ gold1 & no s]i\s /ud5t ( hi/ory c safely neglect x4 ,9 #ahha ,mr4 ,freeman visit$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & gave lectures on ,! ,engli% ,p 9 its ,?ree ,homes & ,! ,practical ,be>+s ( ,european ,hi/ory1 :i* 7 aft]w>d publi%$ 9 a volume4 ,aft] return+ home he publi%$ ,"s ,impressions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#ahhc71 a v ent]ta9+ book because ( ! au?or's +ra9$ habit ( comp>+ & discrim9at+ social ph5om5a ^u s wide a scale4 ,gauls & ,illyrians1 ,wessex & ,a*aia1 come 9 to po9t ea* a moral1 & %[ h[ to ?is great hi/orian ! :ole ,european pa/ 0 almo/ z mu* a pres5t & liv+ reality z ! incid5ts occurr+ be=e 8 eyes4 ,9 ! same ye>1 #ahhc1 ,freeman publi%$ 8 ,engli% ,t[ns & ,di/ricts1 a s]ies ( addresses & sket*es 9 :i* he _h f "t to "t embodi$ ! results ( 8 antiqu>ian & ar*itectural /udies 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl& & ,wales4 ,x is a book ( r>e fasc9ation z illu/rat+ h[ l>gely national hi/ory is made up ( local hi/ory1 & h[ x is impossible to und]/& ! =m] correctly )\t pay+ mu* att5tion to ! latt]4 ,9 fur!r illu/ration ( ! same po9t1 ,freeman project$ ! well-kn[n s]ies ( monographs on ,hi/oric ,t[ns1 to :i* he himself contribut$ ! op5+ volume1 on ,exet] 7#ahhf74 ,hav+ be5 call$ to ! ,regius ,pr(essor%ip at ,ox=d 9 #ahhd1 ,freeman's next publications 7 univ]sity lectures on ,me?ods ( ,hi/orical ,/udy1 ,! ,*ief ,p]iods ( ,european ,hi/ory1 ,fifty ,ye>s ( ,european ,hi/ory1 ,teutonic ,conque/ 9 ,gaul & ,brita91 ,great] ,greece & ,great] ,brita91 & ,george ,wa%+ton ! ,exp&] ( ,engl& 7#ahhf-hh74 ,mean:ile1 ! colossal "w on ,sicily 0 rapidly assum+ its f9al %ape4 ,?is topic obvi\sly t\*$ ^u ,freeman's o!r two *ief topics at two po9ts4 ,anci5t ,sicily 0 "p ( t ,greek _w :i* he _h s ?or\ghly /udi$ 9 connection ) ! beg9n+s ( f$]al gov]nm5t4 ,m$ival ,sicily 0 "o ( ! mo/ important ( ! ,norman's fields ( activity4 ,b ! ?\ght ( writ+ ! hi/ory ( t fateful isl& did n come to ,freeman z an aft]?\ght sugge/$ by 8 o!r two great works4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! conception ( ! hi/oric position ( ,sicily 0 among ! fir/ t /imulat$ 8 philosophic m9d to und]take compreh5sive /udies4 ,! contact betwe5 ! ,aryan & ,semitic civilizations along ! coa/s ( ! ,m$it]ranean is surely ! mo/ int]e/+ topic 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d1 z ! read] w at once admit :5 he reflects t x involves ! orig9 & rise ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,b1 re/rict+ ourselves to ! political aspects ( ! subject1 h[ full ( dramatic gr&eur x is6 ,h[ /irr+ 7 ! sc5es ( :i* ,sicily has be5 ! !atre6 ,!re /ruggl$ ,c>?age1 fir/ aga9/ ,greek1 & !n aga9/ ,roman2 & 9 lat] times ! conflict 0 r5ew$ betwe5 ,arabic-speak+ ,mussulmans & ,greek-speak+ ,*ri/ians1 until ! ,norman came to ass]t 8 sway ov] bo?1 & to loos5 ! clut* ( ! ,s>ac5 ^u ! c5tre ( ! ,m$it]ranean _w4 ,! !me1 9 its manifold be>+s1 0 wor?y ( ,freeman1 & he 0 wor?y ( x4 ,8 design 0 to />t ) ! e>lie/ times 9 :i* ,sicily is kn[n to hi/ory1 & to c>ry on ! n>rative z f> z ! dea? ( ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 & ! f9al ov]?r[ ( ! ,hoh5/auf5 dyna/y4 ,! s*eme lay rip5+ 9 8 m9d = ne>ly half a c5tury1 & its consummation 0 begun ) *>act]i/ic swiftness & vig\r4 ,two noble volumes 7 publi%$ 9 #ahia1 & ! ?ird 0 out ( ! au?or's h&s by ! end ( la/ ,janu>y4 ,b = a dea? mo/ lam5tably sudd5 & premature !re 0 no reason :y ! :ole task %\ld n h be5 soon accompli%$4 ,! au?or seems to h fall5 a victim to 8 sup]abundant zeal & en]gy4 ,he _h always be5 a travell]1 visit+ 9 p]son ! sc5es ( 8 n>ratives1 n>r[ly scrut9iz+ ea* locality ) ! eye ( an antiqu>ian1 explor+ battlefields & mak+ draw+s ( *ur*es & ca/les1 runn+ f "o end ( ,europe to ! o!r to v]ify "s moot$ po9t4 ,x 01 ,i believe1 on "s su* exp$ition z ?is t he f\nd himself1 la/ ,m>*1 at ,alicante1 :]e an attack ( smallpox sudd5ly end$ 8 life4 ,to ! fai?ful /ud5ts ( 8 works ! tid+s ( ,freeman's dea? mu/ h come l ! news ( ! loss ( a p]sonal fri5d4 ,to ^? :o enjoy$ 8 fri5d%ip ev5 9 a slight way ! s5se ( loss 0 ke51 = he 0 a v lovable man4 ,"s p1 inde$1 seem to ?9k ( him z a gruff & gr[l+ p$ant1 ev] on ! look\t = "s culprit to *a/ise2 b1 :ile n )\t "s basis1 ?is notion is f> f ! tru?4 ,freeman's conception ( ! duty ( a hi/orian 0 a high "o1 & he liv$ up to x4 ,he _h a holy horror ( slov5ly & inaccurate "w2 pret5ti\s sciolism 0 some?+ t he c\ld n endure1 & he knew h[ easy x is to press g>bl$ or misund]/ood hi/ory into ! s]vice ( corrupt politics4 ,he f\nd ! m9ds ( ,engli%-speak+ contempor>ies full ( que] notions ( ,european hi/ory1 especially z to ! ,middle ,ages1--notions usually mi/y & (t5 grotesquely wrong2 & he did m ?an any o!r ,engli%man ( our "t to correct su* errors & cle> up m5's m9ds4 ,su* "w c\ld n be done )\t attack+ blund]s & ! propagators ( blund]s4 ,freeman's assaults 7 n infrequ5t1 & !y 7 apt to be cru%+2 b !y 7 made 9 ! int]e/s ( hi/oric tru?1 & !re 7 none too _m ( !m4 ,l ,mr4 ,f4's ,aunt1 ! great hi/orian did hate a fool2 & x is cle>ly "r t fools %\ld be sil5c$ & made to "k _! place4 ,n only fooli%ness & inaccuracy did ,freeman hate1 b also tyranny1 fraud1 & social inju/ice1 "u :atev] speci\s disguises !y might be veil$4 ,9 matt]s ( "r & wrong 8 p]ceptions 7 r cl\d$4 ,he nev] c\ld be dup$ into admir+ a *>latan l ! late ,emp]or ( ! ,fr5*4 ,^u ! ,ea/]n ,"q he wield$ a ,v>angian axe1 & _h 8 advice be5 he$$1 ! ,comm&] ( ! ,fai?ful w\ld ere n[ h be5 s5t back to ,brusa1 or beyond4 ,b :ile 9 politics & 9 criticism he c\ld hit h>d1 8 disposition 0 z t5d] & humane z ,uncle ,toby's4 ,em95tly *>act]i/ic is ! discussion on fox-hunt+ :i* he c>ri$ on ) ,an?ony ,trollope "s ye>s ago 9 ! ,=tnightly ,review1 9 :i* he condemn$ t "t-hon\r$ sport z intol]ably cruel4 ,mr4 ,freeman 0 v dome/ic 9 8 habits4 ,:5 n travell+1 he 0 to be f\nd 9 8 c\ntry home1 writ+ 9 8 own libr>y4 ,:5 he 0 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 x amus$ him to see p's surprise :5 told t he did n live 9 a city1 & did n sp5d 8 "t deciph]+ mu/y manuscripts 9 public libr>ies or ar*ives4 ,he us$ to say t1 ev5 9 po9t ( economy1 he ?\ght x bett] to dwell among pleasant gre5 fields & to consult "o's own books ?an to take long j\rneys or be /ifl$ 9 dirty cities 9 ord] to consult o!r p's book4 ,8 *ief subjects ( /udy fav\r$ su* a policy1 = mo/ ( ! s\rces ( in=mation on ! elev5? c5tury1 z well z ^u anci5t ,greece1 are conta9$ 9 pr9t$ volumes4 ,n[ & !n he miss$ "s little po9t ^u :i* a manuscript might h help$ him4 ,b "o _c help wi%+ he might h /ay$ among ! quiet fields ( ,som]set in/ead ( tak+ t la/ fatal j\rney to ,alicante4 ,x 0 *iefly ) ! political aspects ( hi/ory t ,freeman conc]n$ himself2 n 9 ! old-fa%ion$ way1 z a m]e n>rative ( ! de$s ( k+s & cab9ets1 b 9 sci5tific fa%ion1 z an application ( ! comp>ative me?od to ! v>i\s processes ( nation-build+4 ,i d n mean t 8 n>rative 0 subord9at$ to sci5tific exposition1 b t x 0 in=m$ & vitaliz$ by ! _s & me?ods ( sci5ce4 ,9 pure description ,freeman 0 (t5 excell5t2 8 acc\nt ( ! dea? ( ,william ,rufus1 = example1 is a ma/]piece ( impressive n>rative4 ,9 description & 9 argum5t alike ,freeman usually conf9$ 8 att5tion to political hi/ory1 except :5 he dealt 9 8 sugge/ive way ) ar*itecture & ar*ology4 ,to art 9 g5]al1 to ! hi/ory ( philosophy & ( sci5tific ideas1 to ! developm5t ( lit]>y expression1 ( mann]s & cu/oms1 ( trade & ! indu/rial arts1 he devot$ mu* less ?\ght4 ,i believe he did n fully approve ( 8 fri5d ,gre5's me?od ( c>ry+ along political1 social1 & lit]>y topics abrea/ 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,p4 ,few w d\bt1 h[ev]1 t 9 ?is respect ,gre5's arti/ic grasp ^u 8 subject 0 /rong] ?an ,freeman's4 ,x is "s slight consolation = our bitt] loss to "k t _m ( ! great hi/orian's books 7 9 l>ge "p writt5 long be=e he felt ! "t to be ripe = complet+ & publi%+ !m4 ,"s ( ! unf9i%$ portions may be br\ght t[>d complet5ess & edit$ by o!r h&s4 ,9 ?is way ,i hope we may look = "o or two m volumes ( ! ,sicily1 & p]haps = ! second volume ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 deal+ ) ! ,swiss & o!r ,g]man f$]ations4 ,probably no o!r ,engli%man1 & few o!r m5 any:]e 9 our "t1 knew any?+ l s mu* z ,freeman ab\t ! hi/ory ( ,switz]l&4 ,i once or twice begg$ him to make ha/e & f9i% t volume1 b desi/$2 = x 0 evid5t t ,sicily 0 absorb+ him1 & an au?or does n l to be pe/]$ ) advice to turn aside f ! "w t is upp]mo/ 9 8 m9d4 ,novemb]1 #ahib4 ,x ,,cambridge ,,z ,,village ,,& ,,city#bg ,we h met toge!r ?is ev5+ on "o ( ^? occasions1 :i* keep recurr+1 = communities z well z = individuals1 :5 x is desirable to take a retrospect ( ! pa/1 to call att5tion to "s ( ! *>act]i/ic incid5ts 9 our hi/ory1 to sum up ! "w we h done & e/imate ! position we occupy 9 ! _w4 ,z long z we reta9 ! decimal num]ation t is natural to t5-f+]$ creatures1 we %all enc\nt] su* mom5ts at int]vals ( half c5turies & c5turies1 & happy are ! communities t c meet !m )\t %ameful memories t %un ! light ( hi/ory2 happy are ! p t c look back ^u ! "w ( _! fa!rs & 9 _! he>t ( he>ts pron\nce x good6 ,:at a blot x 0 ^u ! civic fame ( e ,greek community t took "p 9 putt+ out ! brighte/ light ( ,hellas 9 ! wick$ ,peloponnesian ,w>6 ,c any "r-m9d$ ,v5etian look )\t blu%+ at ! bronze horses t surm\nt ! /ately portal ( ,/4 ,m>k's8--a p]petual mem5to ( t black day :5 rav5+ comm]cial jeal\sy decoy$ an army ( ,crusad]s to ! despoil+ ( ! *ief city ( ,*ri/5dom1 & ?us broke away ! /ronge/ b>ri] 9 ! pa? ( ! advanc+ ,turk6 ,:at mu/ ! citiz5 ( ,p>is ?9k to-day ( c[>dly massacres ( unresi/+ prison]s1 su* z happ5$ 9 #adah & 9 #agib8 ,is !re any dwell] 9 ,birm+ham :o w\ld n gladly expunge f ! pa/ t summ] ev5+ :i* witness$ ! burn+ ( ! h\se & libr>y ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley8 ,f su* melan*oly sc5es1 & f complicity 9 political crime1 our community1 our neighb\rhood1 has be5 notably free4 ,! annals ( ,massa*usetts1 dur+ its exi/5ce ( ne>ly ?ree c5turies1 are writt5 9 a light t is sometimes dull or sombre1 b v seldom lurid4 ,9 p>ticul> ! c>e] ( ,cambridge has be5 a placid "o4 ,we d n f9d 9 x _m ?+s to />tle u2 b !re is mu* t we c approve1 mu* ^u :i*1 )\t fall+ into ! self-satisfi$ mood t is ! sure/ index ( n>r[ness & prov9cialism1 we may legitimately pride ourselves4 ,9 commemorat+ ! fiftie? anniv]s>y ( ! incorporation ( ,cambridge z a city1 a retrospect ( ! half c5tury is ne$ful2 b we %all f9d x pleasant to g f>!r back1 & />t ) a glimpse ( ! beg9n+s ( our t[n4 ,i came ne> say+ humble beg9n+s2 x is a /ock phrase1 & p]haps sav\rs ( tautology1 s9ce beg9n+s are apt to be humble z comp>$ ) long-matur$ results4 ,b an adjective :i* bett] suits ! beg9n+s ( our ,cambridge is dignifi$4 ,circum/ances ( dignity att5d$ ! selection ( ?is spot ^u ! bank ( ,*>les ,riv] z ! site ( a t[n1 & !re 0 some?+ peculi>ly dignifi$ 9 ! circum/ances ( ! *ange ( vocation :i* det]m9$ ! *ange 9 its "n4 ,! /ory is a v diff]5t "o f t ( ! f\nd+ ( t[ns 9 ! ,old ,_w1 9 ! semi-b>b>\s times :5 ! art ( nation-mak+ 0 9 its infancy4 ,9 ^? e>li] ages1 x 0 only ?r\gh prolong$ w>f>e aga9/ enemies ne>ly equal 9 pr[ess & res\rces t a free political life c\ld be ma9ta9$2 & x 0 only aft] numb]less crude exp]im5ts t nations c\ld be =m$ 9 :i* political rights c\ld be effici5tly pres]v$ = ! p4 ,all ! tra9+ t su* long ages ( turbul5ce c\ld imp>t _h be5 ga9$ by our =efa!rs 9 ! ,old ,_w4 ,to ! f\nd]s ( our ,cambridge x _h come z a ri* inh]itance4 ,!y 7 n z ! r\gh foll[]s ( ,al>ic or ,h5gi/4 ,!y _h pr(it$ by ! "w ( ,roman civilization1 ) its va/ & subtle nexus ( legal & political ideas4 ,9 ! h&s ( _! fa!rs _h be5 wov5 ! wond]ful fabric ( ,engli% law2 !y 7 famili> ) p>liam5t>y in/itutions2 !y _h be5 br\ght up 9 a c\ntry :]e ! k+'s peace 0 bett] pres]v$ ?an any:]e else 9 ,europe1 & :]e at ! same "t self-gov]nm5t 0 ma9ta9$ 9 full vig\r4 ,!y _h pr(it$1 moreov]1 by ! s*ola/ic le>n+ ( ! ,middle ,ages & ! ,greek s*ol>%ip ( ! ,r5aissance2 nor 0 ! newly awak5+ _s ( sci5tific inquiry1 visible 9 ,galileo & ,gilb]t1 lo/ ^u _! ke5 & inquisitive m9ds4 ,^! ,puritans1 heirs to :at 0 /ronge/ & be/ 9 ! _w's culture1 came to ,massa*usetts ,bay 9 ord] to put into practice a !ory ( civil gov]nm5t 9 :i* ! int]e/s bo? ( lib]ty & ( godl9ess seem$ to !m likely to be be/ subs]v$4 ,!y came to plant ! mo/ advance civilization 9 ! mid/ ( a hea!n wild]ness1 & ?us ! selection ( a seat ( gov]nm5t = ! new commonweal? 0 an affair ( dignity & importance4 ,half a doz5 t[ns1 includ+ ,bo/on1 _h already be5 begun1 :5 x 0 decid$ t a site ^u ! bank ( ,*>les ,riv]1 ?ree or f\r miles inl&1 w\ld be mo/ fav\rable = ! capital ( ! ,puritan colony4 ,x w\ld be some:at m def5sible aga9/ a fleet ?an ! p59sulas ( ,bo/on & ,*>le/[n4 ,! w>%ips to be dread$ at t mom5t 7 n s mu* ^? ( any =eign p[] z ^? ( ,k+ ,*>les himself2 = none c\ld tell t ! grim cl\ds ( civil w> !n l[]+ ^u ! horizon ( ,engl& & ,scotl& might n also d>k5 ! coa/ ( ,massa*usetts ,bay4 ,:5 ! site 0 select$1 on ! #bh? ( ,decemb]1 #afcj1 x 0 agre$ t ! gov]nor1 deputy gov]nor1 & all ! ,c\rt ( ,assi/ants 7except ,endicott1 already settl$ at ,salem7 %\ld build _! h\ses "h4 ,=tunately no "n 0 be/[$ ^u ! new t[n4 ,x 0 kn[n simply z ! ,new ,t[n1 & "h 9 ! ye>s be=e #afch ! ,g5]al ,c\rt 0 sev]al times assembl$4 ,dur+ ^? sev5 ye>s ! numb] ( ,puritans 9 ,new ,engl& increas$ f ab\t #aejj to ne>ly #bj1jjj4 ,x 0 also cle> t ! ,k+'s tr\bles at home 7 likely to keep him f mole/+ ,massa*usetts4 ,) ! increas$ feel+ ( security1 ,bo/on came to be pref]r$ z ! seat ( gov]nm5t1 & only two ( its memb]s ev] fulfill$ ! agreem5t to build _! h\ses 9 ! ,new ,t[n4 ,! build+ ( ! ,new ,t[n1 h[ev]1 furni%$ ! occasion = det]m9+ at ! outset :at k9d ( gov]nm5t ! ,puritan commonweal? %\ld h4 ,x 0 to be a wall$ t[n1 = def5ce aga9/ fronti] b>b>ism ( ! ,new ,_w type2 n ! =midable de/ructive p[] ( an ,attila or a ,bayazet1 b ! feeble b>b>ism ( ! r$ m5 & ! ,/one ,age1 s t a wall ( masonry 0 n requir$1 b a wood5 palisade w\ld d4 ,9 #afcb ! ,c\rt ( ,assi/ants impos$ a tax ( #fj = ! purpose ( build+ ?is palisade2 b ! m5 ( ,wat]t[n refus$ to pay _! %>e1 on ! gr\nd t !y 7 n repres5t$ 9 ! tax+ body4 ,! ensu+ discussion result$ 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,h\se ( ,deputies1 9 :i* e t[n 0 repres5t$4 ,h5ce=? ! ,c\rt ( ,assi/ants toge!r ) ! ,h\se ( ,deputies =m$ ! ,g5]al ,c\rt4 ,!re 0 no au?ority = su* a repres5tative body 9 ! *>t]1 :i* ve/$ ! gov]nm5t 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,assi/ants2 b1 z ,hut*9son tells u1 ! p assum$ t ! "r to su* repres5tation 0 impli$ 9 t clause ( ! *>t] :i* res]v$ to !m ! natural rights ( ,engli%m54 ,?us ! build+ ( a wood5 palisade f ,a% ,/reet to ,j>vis ,field furni%$ ! occasion = ! fir/ di/9ct ass]tion 9 ! ,new ,_w ( ! pr9ciples t 7 to be> fruit 9 ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b ! mo/ int]e/+ ev5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,new ,t[n be=e x became ,cambridge 0 ! brief soj\rn ( ! ,rev4 ,?omas ,hook] & 8 company1 f ,bra9tree 9 ,engl&4 ,9 popul> g5]alizations x is cu/om>y to allude to our ,puritan =efa!rs z if !y 7 all alike 9 _! ways ( ?9k+1 :]eas 9 reality x w\ld be difficult to po9t out any gr\p ( m5 & wom5 among :om individualism has m /rongly fl\ri%$4 ,among ! numb]less diff]5ces ( op9ion & policy1 x 0 only a few--& mo/ly su* z 7 relat$ to vital political que/ions--t blaz$ up 9 acts ( p]secution4 ,= ! disorganization wr\ght by ,mrs4 ,hut*9son swift bani%m5t seem$ ! only available rem$y2 b slight] diff]5ces c\ld be heal$ by a peaceful secession1 :i* "s p deprecat$ z ! removal ( a c&le/ick4 ,su* a secession 0 t ( ,hook] & 8 fri5ds4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,hook]'s ideal ( gov]nm5t & ,w9?rop's has come to be recogniz$ z 9 "s measure =e%ad[+ ! diff]5t conceptions ( ,jeff]son & ,hamilton 9 lat] days4 ,b ( controv]sy betwe5 ! two em95t ,puritans only slight traces are left4 ,"o act ( omission on ! "p ( ! fri5dly sec$]s is m =cible ?an reams ( argum5t3 ! f\nd]s ( ,connecticut did n see fit to limit ! suffrage by ! qualification ( *ur* memb]%ip4 ,! removal ( s _m p to ! banks ( ! ,connecticut left 9 ! ,new ,t[n only elev5 families ( ^? :o _h settl$ "h be=e #afce4 ,b depopulation 0 prev5t$ by ! arrival ( a new congregation f ,engl&4 ,!re /&s on our common a monum5t 9 commemoration ( ,john ,bridge1 :o 0 = _m ye>s a selectman ( ,cambridge1 & dwelt beyond ! we/]n limits ( ! t[n1 on or ne> ! site s9ce fam\s z ! headqu>t]s ( ,wa%+ton & ! home ( ,longfell[4 ,?is ,john ,bridge1 deacon ( ! ,fir/ ,*ur*1 0 "o ( ! e>lie/ settl]s ( ! ,new ,t[n1 & "o ( ! elev5 h\sehold]s t /ay$ beh9d1 a connect+ l9k betwe5 ! old congregation ( ,?omas ,hook] & ! new congregation ( ,?omas ,%ep>d4 ,! com+ ( ?is em95t div9e 0 und\bt$ly an ev5t ( c>d9al importance 9 ! hi/ory ( our community1 = 9 ! ,hut*9son controv]sy1 :i* %ook ! little colony to its f\ndations1 8 zeal & vigilance 9 expos+ h]esy 7 conspicu\sly %[n2 &1 if we may believe ,cotton ,ma!r1 x 0 ?is circum/ance t l$ to ! selection ( ! ,new ,t[n z ! site = ! project$ college4 ,x 0 well = /ud5ts ( div9ity to sit "u ! prea*+ ( su* a man1 & ( su* z he might tra9 up to succe$ him4 ,h[ va9 7 all su* hopes ( keep+ ?is ,new ,engli% ,canaan free f h]esy 0 %[n :5 ,h5ry ,dun/]1 fir/ presid5t ( ! college1 0 c5sur$ by ! magi/rates & dismiss$ f (fice = disapprov+ ( infant baptism6 ,9 ! great ,engli% univ]sities at t "t ,royalism & ,episcopacy prevail$ at ,ox=d1 :ile ,puritanism m or less alli$ ) ,republicanism 0 rife at ,cambridge4 ,ev] s9ce ! f\rte5? c5tury a sup]ior flexibility 9 op9ion _h be5 obs]vable 9 ! ea/]n c\nties1 :5ce came s _m ( ! p t f\nd$ ,new ,engl&4 ,n only ,hook] & ,%ep>d1 b mo/ ( our cl]gy1 among :om individualism 0 s rife1 7 graduates ( ,cambridge4 ,:5 x 0 decid$ t ! ,new ,t[n 0 to be ! home ( our college1 x 0 natural = p to fall into ! habit ( call+ x ,cambridge2 & ?is "n1 s long en%r9$ already 9 _! affections1 already made illu/ri\s by ,erasmus & ,fi%]1 by ,latim] & ,cranm]1 by ,burghley & ,wals+ham & ! two ,bacons1 by ,edmund ,sp5s] & ,b5 ,jonson1--?is "n ( su* fame & dignity 0 adopt$ 9 #afch by an ord] ( ! ,g5]al ,c\rt4 ,! map ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ab\nds 9 t[n names tak5 at r&om f ! ,old ,_w1 (t5 inappropriate & sometimes ludicr\s f ! incongruity ( associations4 ,! "n ( our city is connect$ by a legitimate bond ( inh]itance ) t ( ! beautiful city on ! ,cam4 ,x 0 giv5 9 ! ?\ght t ! "w = s*ol>%ip1 = godl9ess1 & = fre$om1 :i* _h s long be5 c>ri$ on 9 ! old] city1 0 to be cont9u$ 9 ! y\ng]4 ,! "n ?us giv5 0 a pl$ge to po/]ity1 & x has be5 wor?ily fulfill$4 ,into ! hi/ory ( ! t[n ( ,cambridge dur+ ! two c5turies aft] x receiv$ its "n ,i d n propose to ent]4 ,b a glimpse ( its g5]al appe>ance dur+ ! great] "p ( t p]iod is ne$ful1 9 ord] to give precision & ! "r sort ( emphasis to ! contra/ :i* we see be=e u to-day4 ,! ,cambridge ( ^? days 0 simply ! seat ( ! college1 n yet develop$ into a univ]sity4 ,)9 ! memory ( p]sons n[ liv+1 ,old ,cambridge 0 commonly allud$ to z ! village4 ,9 ! orig9al lay+ out ( ! t[n%ip we seem to see a rem9isc5ce ( ! anci5t ?reefold p>tition into t[n m>k1 arable m>k1 & common4 ,! ea/ gate1 ne> ! corn] ( ,h>v>d & ,l9d5 /reets1 & ! we/ gate1 at ! corn] ( ,a% & ,brattle1 m>k$ ! limits ( ! t[n 9 ^? directions4 ,! t[n 0 at fir/ compris$ betwe5 ,h>v>d ,/reet & ! m>%es :i* cut (f approa* to ! riv] bank4 ,aft]w>d1 ! ,we/ ,end1 f ,h>v>d ,squ>e to ,sp>ks ,/reet1 0 gradually cov]$ ) home/eads4 ,! common began1 z n[1 h>d by ,god's ,acre1 ! v5]able bury+ gr\nd1 & af=d$ pa/urage = ! village cattle z f> z ,l9nan ,/reet4 ,! regions n[ occupi$ by ,cambridgeport & ,ea/ ,cambridge conta9$ ! arable di/rict ) _m f>ms1 small & l>ge1 b ev]y:]e salt m>%es bord]$ ! riv]1 & mu* ( ! c\ntry 0 a wild woodl&4 ,! tale ( wolves kill$ 9 ,cambridge = ! ye> #afif 0 sev5ty-six1 & a be> 0 se5 roam+ z late z #aged4 ,x 0 a r\gh c\ntry :i* ! ,briti% fir/ enc\nt]$ :5 !y l&$ at ,le*m]e ,po9t 9 #agge1 on _! night m>* to ,lex+ton4 ,cambridge !n turn$ its back t[>d ,bo/on1 to :i* ! only approa* 0 by a causeway & bridge at :at we n[ call ,boyl/on ,/reet1 & by ?is r\te ! di/ance 0 eight miles1 z we /ill read ^u ! anci5t mile/one 9 ,god's ,acre4 ,to complete our outl9e ( ! village1 we mu/ recall ! pr9cipal public build+s4 ,! meet+h\se1 a little s\? ( ! site ( ,dane ,hall1 0 us$ bo? z *ur* & z t[nh\se until #agjh1 :5 a build+ 0 erect$ 9 ! middle ( ,h>v>d ,squ>e to s]ve = t[n meet+s & c\rts4 ,a little ea/w>d1 ne> ! ea/ gate1 /ood ! p>sonage4 ,! s*oolh\se 0 beh9d ! site ( ,holyoke ,h\se4 ,! jail /ood on !n we/ side ( ,w9?rop ,squ>e1 :i* 0 !n an op5 m>ket4 ,betwe5 ?is m>ket & ,h>v>d ,squ>e1 9 ! s&$ p>l\r ( ! ,blue ,an*or ,tav]n1 !n selectm5 held _! meet+s2 & on ! corn] ( ! /reet :i* /ill be>s ! "n ( ,h>v>d's fir/ presid5t 0 some?+ r>ely to be se5 9 s small a village1 ! pr9t+ press n[ kn[n z ! ,univ]sity ,press1 e/abli%$ 9 #afci1--! only "o 9 ,engli% ,am]ica until ,bo/on foll[$ ! example 9 #afgf4 ,until ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t c5tury ^! outl9es ( ,cambridge rema9$ ) b little *ange1 save = ! build+ ( noble h\ses on spaci\s e/ates t[>d ,m\nt ,auburn 9 "o direction1 & ^u ,dana ,hill 9 ! o!r4 ,! occupants ( _m ( ^! e/ates 7 memb]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & ! build+ ( ,*ri/ ,*ur* 9 #agei 0 "o m>k$ symptom ( ! *ange t 0 creep+ ov] ! little ,puritan community4 ,x 0 a *ange t[>d some:at wid] views ( life1 & t[>d ! s(t5+ ( old animosities4 ,9 contra/ ) ! age 9 :i* we live ! :ole eighte5? c5tury 9 ,new ,engl& seems a sl[ & quiet "t1 :5 ! public pulse beat m languidly1 or at any rate less fev]i%ly1 ?an n[4 ,! p ( ,new ,engl& l$ a comp>atively isolat$ life4 ,?\ght 9 our college t[n did n keep pace ) ,european c5tres ( ?\ght1 z x does 9 our day4 ,!re 0 less hospitality t[>d =eign ideas4 ,few p visit$ ,europe4 ,life 9 ,new ,engl& 0 ?r[n ^u its own res\rces1 & ?is 0 9 great measure true ( ,cambridge 9 ! days :5 x 0 eight miles f ,bo/on1 & indef9itely remote f ! "m c\ntry4 ,"o ( ! sure/ results ( social isolation is ! acquirem5t ( peculi>ities ( spee*1 (t5 %[n 9 ! reta9+ ( ar*aisms :i* fa%ionable language _h dropp$4 ,t qua9t ,yankee dialect1 ( :i* ,hosea ,bigl[ says t1 ,= putt9' 9 a d[nright lick ',twixt ,humbug's eyes1 !r's few c met* x1 ,an' !n x helves my ?\ghts ez slick ,ez /ret-gra9$ hickory doos a het*et1-- t dialect s sweet to ! e>s ( e true *ild ( ,new ,engl& may /ill be he>d1 if we g to seek x2 b 9 ,l[ell's boyhood x mu/ h be5 a famili> s\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,elmwood4 ,b ! "w done 9 ?is ru/ic college community1 if done )9 some:at n>r[ horizons1 0 em95tly a wid5+ & lib]aliz+ "w4 ,! se$s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury 7 g]m9at+ 9 ! eighte5?4 ,two or ?ree indications mu/ suffice1 out ( _m t might be cit$4 ,9 #affi !re 0 a s*ism 9 ! ,fir/ ,p>i% ( ,bo/on1 br\ght ab\t by an attempt to revise ! conditions ( *ur* memb]%ip1 9 ord] to obviate "s ( ! difficulties aris+ f ! re/riction ( ! suffrage to *ur* memb]s1 & ! f\nd+ ( ! ,old ,s\? ,*ur* by ! m lib]al p>ty 0 a result ( ?is s*ism4 ,"o hundr$ & sixty ye>s lat]1 9 #ahbi1 !re 0 a s*ism 9 ! ,fir/ ,p>i% ( ,cambridge1 :i* result$ 9 ! f\nd+ ( ! ,%ep>d ,*ur* by ! m cons]vative p>ty4 ,! que/ions at issue betwe5 ! two p>ties 7 ! que/ions t divide ,unit>ian !ology f ,tr9it>ian1 & ! di/ance betwe5 ! k9d ( int]e/s at /ake 9 ! e>li] controv]sy & 9 ! lat] may s]ve z a fair measure ( ! progress :i* ! m9d ( ,massa*usetts _h be5 mak+ dur+ t int]val ( a hundr$ & sixty ye>s4 ,9 all t "t1 ! *ief tra9+ s*ool = ! m9i/]s by :om ! speculative m9ds ( ,massa*usetts 7 /imulat$ & guid$ 0 ,h>v>d ,college4 ,b x 0 "h1 too1 t m5 em95t 9 civic life 7 tra9$2 & among ! v>i\s illu/rations ( ! type ?us nurtur$ may be cit$ ,samuel ,adams & ,?omas ,hut*9son1 foem5 wor?y ( "o ano!r1 ,w>r5 & ,hancock1 ,jona?an ,trumbull & ,john ,adams4 ,s f> z ,new ,engl& 0 conc]n$1 ! *ief "w 9 br++ on ! ,revolution 0 done by graduates ( ,h>v>d4 ,9 ! conv5tion :i* fram$ our ,f$]al ,con/itution1 ?ree important delegates 7 ! ,h>v>d m51 ,g]ry1 ,/rong1 & ,k+2 & 9 ?is connection we _c fail to recall names s closely associat$ ) our national beg9n+s z ,timo?y ,pick]+ & ,fi%] ,ames1 nor c we omit ! noble l9e ( juri/s f ,p>sons to ,/ory1 & s on to ,curtis1 :om s _m ( u well rememb]2 or1 go+ back to t ,massa*usetts conv5tion1 ( :i* ! "w is commemorat$ 9 ! "n ( ,f$]al ,/reet1 we may s+le out = m5tion ! great m9i/] & /atesman1 type ( :at is be/ 9 ,puritanism1 ,samuel ,we/1 ( ,new ,b$=d4 ,su* names speak = ! k9d ( quiet1 unobtrusive "w t 0 go+ on 9 ,cambridge dur+ ^? two c5turies ( rural exi/5ce4 ,su* /r5g!n+ & unfold+ ( ! _s is ! only "w t is truly immortal4 ,9 a t[n l ours ! mat]ial relics ( ! pa/ are inspir+1 & x is "r t we %\ld d our be/ to pres]ve !m2 b !y are p]i%able4 ,! gambrel-ro($ h\se f ! door ( :i* ,presid5t ,langdon ask$ ,god's bless+ ^u ! m5 t 7 />t+ = ,bunk] ,hill1 9 lat] days ! bir?place & home/ead ( our belov$ ,autocrat1 has vani%$ f ! sc5e2 ! v5]able elm "u :i* ,wa%+ton drew ! sword 9 def5ce ( ,am]ican lib]ty is sl[ly dy+1 ye> by ye>4 ,b = ! spiritual a*ievem5t t has m>k$ ! c>e] ( our community !re is no dea?1 & !y t h turn$ _m to righte\sness %all %9e 9 our firmam5t z ! />s =ev] & ev]4 ,9 contra/+ ! ,cambridge ( ! n9ete5? ) t ( ! two prec$+ c5turies1 ! fir/ fact :i* /rikes our att5tion is ! increase 9 ! rate ( gr[?4 ,9 #afhj ! population ( ,cambridge seems to h be5 ab\t #hej1 & ! graduat+ class = t ye> numb]$ five4 ,9 #agic ! population--n c\nt+ ! p>i%es t h s9ce become ,brighton & ,arl+ton--0 ab\t #abjj1 & !re 0 a graduat+ class ( #ch4 ,?us 9 m ?an a c5tury ! population _h increas$ b>ely fifty p] c5t4 ,9 #agic !re 7 only f\r h\ses ea/ ( ,dana ,/reet1 b t ye> witness$ an ev5t ( c>d9al importance1 ! op5+ ( ,we/ ,bo/on ,bridge4 ,! di/ance betwe5 ,bo/on & ,old ,cambridge 0 ?us r$uc$ f eight miles to ?ree1 & a direct av5ue 0 op5$ betwe5 ! int]ior ( ,middlesex ,c\nty & ! ,bo/on m>kets4 ,! effect 0 %[n 9 d\bl+ ! population ( ,cambridge by ! ye> #ahji1 :5 ano!r bridge 0 complet$ f ,le*m]e ,po9t to ! nor? end ( ,bo/on4 ,^! 7 toll bridges1 9 ! h&s ( private corporations1 & _! success l$ to fur!r bridges1--! "o at ,riv] ,/reet 9 #ahaa1 ! "o at ,we/]n ,av5ue 9 #ahbe1 & ,brookl9e ,bridge s lately z #ahej4 ,! pr9cipal ?or\ghf>es s\? & ea/ ( ,old ,cambridge 7 built z highways connect+ ) ^! bridges3 ?us ,riv] ,/reet & ,we/]n ,av5ue 7 tribut>y to ,we/ ,bo/on ,bridge1 & to t po9t ! ,concord ,turnpike 0 prolong$ by ,broadway1 ! ,middlesex ,turnpike by ,hamp%ire ,/reet1 & ! ,m$=d ,road by ,web/] ,av5ue2 :ile ,cambridge ,/reet1 int]sect+ ^! av5ues1 =m$ a direct ?or\ghf>e f ! ,concord & ,wat]t[n roads to ! nor!rn "p ( ,bo/on4 ,! completion ( ^! important works l$ to projects = fill+ up ! m>%es & e/abli%+ docks 9 rivalry ( ,bo/on1--plans b v slightly realiz$ be=e circum/ances ess5tially *ang$ !m4 ,9 ?is way1 ,cambridge1 :i* _h hi!rto fac$ ! ,brighton ma9l&1 turn$ its face t[>d ! ,bo/on p59sula1 & two new villages began to gr[ up at ! ,port & ! ,po9t1 o!rwise ,cambridgeport & ,ea/ ,cambridge4 ,x 0 n long be=e ! new villages began 9 "s ways to ass]t rivalry ) ! old "o4 ,! corporation :i* own$ ! bridge & l>ge tracts ( l& at ,le*m]e ,po9t naturally wi%$ to increase ! value ( its real e/ate4 ,middlesex ,c\nty ne$$ a new c\r?\se & jail4 ,9 #ageg a new c\r?\se _h be5 built on ! site ( ,lyceum ,hall1 b 9 #ahac !re 0 a ne$ = some?+ bett]2 :]eupon ! ,le*m]e ,po9t ,corporation =?) built a c\r?\se & jail 9 ,ea/ ,cambridge1 & pres5t$ !m1 ) ! gr\nd on :i* !y /ood1 to ! c\nty4 ,9 #ahah1 a lot ( l& 9 ! ,port1 b\nd$ by ,h>v>d1 ,prospect1 ,au/91 & ,norfolk /reets1 0 appropriat$ = a poorh\se4 ,soon aft]w>d x 0 propos$ to inclose our common1--:i* ) ! lapse ( "t _h %runk to ab\t its pres5t size1--& to conv]t x f a graz+ gr\nd into an ornam5tal p>k4 ,! s*eme met ) vehem5t opposition1 & ! t[n meet+s 9 ?is gr[+ community sudd5ly became s l>ge t ! old c\r?\se 9 ,h>v>d ,squ>e w\ld n hold !m4 ,accord+ly1 a bigg] t[nh\se 0 built 9 #ahcb on ! ea/]n "p ( ! poorh\se lot1 & ?us 0 ! civic c5tre remov$ f ,old ,cambridge4 ,?is ev5t s]v$ to emphasize ! /ate ( ?+s :i* _h be5 gr[+ up ) increas+ rapidity s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury4 ,in/ead ( a s+le village1 ) a s+le circle ( int]e/s1 !re 7 n[ ?ree villages1 ) int]e/s div]se & sometimes conflict+ z reg>ds ! exp5d+ ( public money1 s t feel+s ( sectional antagonism 7 develop$4 ,9 ,new ,engl& hi/ory1 ! usual rem$y = su* a /ate ( ?+s has be5 :at might be call$ spontane\s fission4 ,! ov]gr[n t[n w\ld divide into ?ree1 & ! segm5ts w\ld g on p\t+ at ea* o!r z indep5d5t neighb\rs4 ,we ne$ n be surpris$ to le>n t 9 #ahdb ! p ( ,old ,cambridge petition$ to be set (f z a sep>ate t[n2 b ?is attempt 0 successfully oppos$1 ) ! result t 9 #ahdf a city gov]nm5t 0 adopt$4 ,9 t ye> ! population _h rea*$ #ac1jjj1 & 0 approa*+ ! po9t at :i* t[n meet+s become unmanageable f %e] bulk4 ,= small communities1 ,?omas ,jeff]son 0 probably "r 9 hold+ t ! t[n meet+ is ! be/ =m ( gov]nm5t ev] devis$ by man4 ,x 0 c]ta9ly ! =m be/ lov$ 9 ,new ,engl& d[n to #ahbb1 :5 ,bo/on1 ) its population ( #dj1jjj1 reluctantly gave x up1 & adopt$ a repres5tative gov]nm5t in/ead4 ,! example ( ,bo/on 0 foll[$ 9 #ahcf by ,salem & ,l[ell1 & next 9 #ahdf by ,roxbury & ,cambridge4 ,f t "t =? ! mak+ ( cities w5t on m rapidly4 ,x 0 ! beg9n+ ( a p]iod ( urban developm5t1 ! end ( :i* we _c z yet ev5 dimly =esee4 ,?is unprec$5t$ gr[? ( cities is sometimes spok5 ( z peculi>ly ,am]ican1 b x is inde$ n less rem>kable 9 ,europe1 & x ext5ds ov] ! _w s f> z ! influ5ce ( railroad & telegraph ext5ds4 ,! influ5ce ( ^! ag5cies ( communication s]ves to diffuse ov] wide areas ! effects wr\ght by ma*9]y at diff]5t c5tres ( production4 ,) increas$ dem& = human en]gy1 ! e>?'s p[] ( su/a9+ human life has va/ly increas$1 & !re is a /rong t5d5cy to congregate ab\t c5tres ( production & ex*ange4 ,9 #ahdf !re 7 b five cities 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) a population exce$+ #ajj1jjj2 ,new ,york _h n yet rea*$ half a million4 ,to-day ,new ,york is approa*+ ! two-million m>k1 ?ree o!r cities#bh h pass$ ! million1 & n less ?an ?irty h pass$ ! hundr$-?\s&4 ,dur+ ?is half c5tury ! #ac1jjj ( ,cambridge h increas$ to m ?an #hj1jjj4 ,! ,cambridge ( to-day conta9s z _m p z ! ,bo/on ( sixty ye>s ago4 ,! causes ( ?is gr[? ( ,cambridge might be treat$1 _h we space = x1 "u ?ree heads4 ,our city has gr[n because ( its proximity to ,bo/on2 x has gr[n by reason ( its fl\ri%+ manufactures2 & x has gr[n ) ! gr[? ( ! ,univ]sity4 ,t ,cambridge %\ld h %>$ 9 ! g5]al prosp]ity ( ?is :ole suburban region is b natural4 ,b p]sons at a di/ance are apt to %[ surprise :5 we speak ( x z a manufactur+ city4 ,?is feature 9 our developm5t belongs to ! p]iod subsequ5t to #ahdf1 & has mu* to d ) ! gr[? ( ! ea/]n portions ( ,cambridge1 :]e ! comb9$ facilities = railroad & wat] communication h be5 peculi>ly fav\rable to manufactures4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury1 ! glassworks at ,ea/ ,cambridge1 :i* h s9ce dep>t$1 7 some:at fam\s1 consid]able manufactures ( soap & lea!r _h be5 begun1 & c>s & wagons 7 made "h4 ,at ! pres5t "t "s ( our *ief manufactures are ( eng9e boil]s & v>i\s k9ds ( ma*9]y1 ( :i* ! annual product exce$s #b1jjj1jjj4 ,among ! indu/ries :i* produce 9 ye>ly value m ?an #a1jjj1jjj may be m5tion$ pr9t+ & publi%+1 musical in/rum5ts 7especially pianos & organs71 furniture1 clo?+1 c>p5t]'s "w1 soap & c&les1 biscuit-bak+2 :ile among ^? t produce #ejj1jjj or m are c>riage-mak+ & :eelwright's "w1 plumb+ & plumb]'s mat]ials1 bricks & tiles1 & confection]y4 ,n only our own new ,h>v>d ,bridge1 b mo/ ( ! /eel railway bridges 9 ,new ,engl&1 h be5 built 9 ,cambridge4 ,we supply a consid]able "p ( ! _w ) hydraulic eng9es2 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,navy comes "h = its pumps1 & our pump+ ma*9es may be se5 at "w 9 ,honolulu1 9 ,sydney1 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,9 ! dim5sions ( its pork-pack+ indu/ry1 ,cambridge comes next aft] ,*icago & ,kansas ,city4 ,9 #ahdb all ! fi%-nett+ us$ 9 ,am]ica 0 made 9 ,engl&2 to-day x is *iefly made 9 ,ea/ ,cambridge1 :i* also furni%es ! tw9e priz$ by disciples ( ,izaak ,walton 9 _m p>ts ( ! _w4 ,la/ ye> ! pott]ies on ,wald5 ,/reet turn$ out sev5 million fl[]-pots4 ,su* facts z ^! be> witness to ! unusual facilities ( our city1 :]e coal c be tak5 & freight c be %ipp$ at ! v door ( ! factory1 :]e taxes & insurance are n burd5some & ! fire dep>tm5t is unsurpass$ = effici5cy1 :]e skill$ lab\r is easy to get because good workm5 f9d life com=table & attractive1 ) excell5t sanit>y conditions & unrivall$ means ( free education1 ev5 to ! ,lat9 ,s*ool & ! ,manual ,tra9+ ,s*ool4 ,x is well said1 9 "o ( ! reports 9 our semi-c5t5nial volume1 t to ,cambridge h]self1 z mu* z to any o!r "o ?+1 is ! success ( all h] manufactur+ ent]prises due1 & all agree 9 ackn[l$g+ x4 ,among ,cambridge indu/ries1 two may be m5tion$ z especially *>act]i/ic & fam\s4 ,( ! pr9t+ e/abli%m5ts n[ exi/+1 n _m c be m v5]able ?an our ,univ]sity ,press1 ( :i* we h spok5 z beg9n+ 9 #afci4 ,( ! wise & g5ial f\nd] ( ! ,riv]side ,press--:o once 0 mayor ( our city1 & ^: memory we love & rev]e--x may be said t few m5 ( rec5t times h _h a high] conception ( bookmak+ z "o ( ! f9e arts4 ,^! two in/itutions h set a l(ty /&>d = ! ,a!num ,press1 :i* has lately come to be> !m company4 ,! pa/ half c5tury has se5 ,cambridge come into ! =emo/ rank among ! few publi%+ c5tres ( ! _w1 :]e books are pr9t$ ) faultless accuracy & arti/ic ta/e4 ,! visitor to ,cambridge f ,brookl9e1 z he leaves ! bridge at ,brookl9e ,/reet1 comes ^u a pleasant dwell+ h\se1 ) a private obs]vatory1 & h>d by x a pla9 brick build+4 ,t is ! %op ( ,alvan ,cl>k ,sons1 :o h c>ri$ ! art ( telescope-mak+ to a height nev] rea*$ be=e4 ,!re h be5 made ! mo/ p[]ful refract+ telescopes 9 ! _w1 & "o ( ! firm1 m ?an ?irty ye>s ago1 himself acquir$ fame z an a/ronom] = 8 discov]y ( ! companion ( ,sirius4 ,f ?is quiet nook 9 ! ,port "o's ?\ghts naturally turn to ! ,h>v>d ,obs]vatory1 :i* 9 ^? days ! two ,bonds made fam\s = _! accurate me?ods ( rese>*1 _! discov]ies relat+ to ! planet ,saturn1 & _! %>e 9 ! application ( photography to telescopic obs]vation4 ,! hon\rable position !n tak5 by ! ,obs]vatory has be5 s9ce ma9ta9$2 b z we note ?is1 we f9d ourselves br\ght to ! consid]ation ( ! ,univ]sity & its la/ half c5tury ( gr[?4 ,& "h my rem>ks _c help tak+ ! =m1 to "s ext5t1 ( p]sonal rem9isc5ces4 ,:5 ,i fir/ came to ,old ,cambridge1 9 #ahfj1 x /ill _h mu* ( ! village look1 :i* x has s9ce be5 fa/ los+4 ,pretty mu* all ! spaces n[ cov]$ by /reet aft] /reet ( wood5 ,que5 ,anne h\ses1 9 su* proximity z to make "o in/9ctively look = ! :]eab\ts ( ! ne>e/ fire al>m1 7 !n op51 smil+ fields4 ,! old h\se :]e ! ,%ep>d ,*ur* /&s 0 rural en\gh = ! ,b]k%ire ,hills2 & on ! site ( ,au/9 ,hall1 9 ! doorway ( a home/ead built 9 #agaj1 "o might pause = a cosy *at ) ! v5]able & c\rtly ,royal ,morse1 ^: p]sonal recollections w5t back into ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! trees on ! common 7 ! m]e/ sapl+s1 b an elm ( mighty sweep1 ^: loss "o mu/ regret1 %ad$ ! :ole ( ,h>v>d ,squ>e4 ,horse c>s came & w5t on week days1 b on ,sunday he :o w\ld visit ,bo/on mu/ ei!r walk or take an omnibus1 9 :i* rid+ 0 a p5ance sev]e en\gh to atone = ! s94 ,blue ,laws 9 ! ,univ]sity 7 9 full =ce2 ! /ud5t :o sp5t 8 ,sundays at home 9 ,bo/on mu/ br+ out a c]tificate %[+ t he _h att5d$ div9e s]vice twice2 no discretion 0 all[$ ! p>5ts4 ,college a?letics 7 9 _! infancy1 z ! little gymnasium /ill /&+ s]ves to rem9d u4 ,!re 7 r[+ mat*es1 b baseball _h n come ^u ! sc5e1 & football _h j be5 summ>ily suppress$4 ,! fir/ college ex]cise 9 :i* ,i took "p 0 ! burial ( ! football1 ) solemn rites1 9 a corn] ( ?is ,delta4 ,on ,class ,day !re 0 no ne$ = clos+ ! y>d2 !re 0 room en\gh = all1 & gr\ps ( y\?s & maid5s 9 light summ] dress1 danc+ on ! gre5 be=e ,holwor?y1 made a *>m+ picture1 l t ( an anci5t ,may ,day 9 m]ry ,engl&1 save = ! broil+ heat4 ,! exam9ation days :i* foll[$ 7 m se>*+ ?an at o!r ,am]ican colleges4 ,! c\rses ( /udy 7 on ! :ole bett] arrang$ ?an else:]e1 b dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! c\rse ev]y?+ 0 prescrib$1 & 9 ! la/ half ! elective sy/em play$ b a subord9ate "p4 ,! sy/em ( exam9ations did n ext5d to ! ,law ,s*ool1 :]e a simple resid5ce ( ?ree t]ms entitl$ a /ud5t to receive ! ba*elor's degree4 ,! libr>y at ,gore ,hall _h less ?an "o fif? ( its pres5t volumes1 ) no catalogue accessible to ! public1 :ile "o small table accommodat$ all ! read]s4 ,= laboratory "w ! facilities 7 meagre1 & v little 0 done4 ,we all /udi$ a book ( *emi/ry2 h[ _m ( u ev] really look$ at su* ?+s z manganese or antimony8 ,= ! /ud5t ( biology ! provision 0 bett]1 = ! ,botanic ,g>d5 0 v helpful1 & 9 ! autumn ( #ahfj 0 op5$ ! fir/ section ( our glori\s ,museum ( ,comp>ative ,zology4 ,"h "o is naturally l$ to ! reflection t 9 t day ( small ?+s1 z "s might call x1 !re 7 spiritual influ5ces op]ative at ,h>v>d :i* m ?an made up = %ortcom+s 9 mat]ial equipm5t4 ,!re is a k9d ( human pres5ce1 all too r>e 9 ?is _w1 :i* is 9 itself a /imulus & an education wor? m ?an all ! s*ola/ic artifices t ! wit ( man has devis$2 = 9 ! m]e contact ) x "o's m9d is tra9$ & wid5$ z if by en*antm5t4 ,su* a human pres5ce 9 ,cambridge 0 ,l\is ,agassiz4 ,c "o ev] =get t beam+ face z he us$ to come /roll+ across ! y>d1 ) light$ cig>1 9 s]5e oblivi\sness ( ! ,univ]sity /atutes8 ,sc>cely _h "o pass$ him1 :5 "o might ex*ange a pleasant ^w ) ,asa ,gray1 or descry 9 "s ar*+ vi/a ! picturesque figures ( ,sophocles or ,peirce1 or1 turn+ up ,brattle ,/reet1 enc\nt]1 ) a ?rill ( pleasure n unt+$ ) awe1 ,longfell[ & ,l[ell walk+ side by side4 ,9 su* wise are ! /reets & lawns ( our city hall[$ by ! human pres5ces t once grac$ !m2 & few are ! ?+s to be _h = :i* "o w\ld ex*ange ! memories ( ^? days6 ,my class ( #ahfc1 ) #abj memb]s1 0 ! l>ge/ t _h be5 graduat$ "h4 ,x w\ld h be5 l>g] b = ! ,civil ,w>1 & a p]iod foll[$ ) classes ( less ?an #ajj memb]s1--a sad comm5t>y ^u ! times4 ,b\ndless possibilities ( valuable a*ievem5t mu/ be sacrific$ to secure ! supreme end1 t ! commonweal? %\ld n suff] h>m4 ,h[ nobly ,h>v>d respond$ to ! dem& is record$ ^u ! solemn tablets 9 ?is ,memorial ,hall4 ,= ^? :o are incl9$ to dally ) ! ?\ght t w> is some?+ t may be und]tak5 lightly & ) frolicsome he>t1 ?is sacr$ prec9ct & ! monum5t on yond] common h _! lesson t may well be pond]$4 ,! va/ gr[? ( our c\ntry s9ce ! ,civil ,w> has be5 att5d$ ) ! creation ( new univ]sities & ! enl>gem5t ( ! old ones to su* an ext5t z to %[ t ! dem& = high] education m ?an keeps pace ) ! increase ( population4 ,! la/ graduat+ class 9 our ,qu9qu5nial ,catalogue numb]$ #cej memb]s4 ,! ,univ]sity conta9s m ?an #cjjj /ud5ts4#bi ,! increase 9 numb] ( in/ructors1 9 c\rses ( in/ruction1 9 laboratories & museums1 9 facilities & appliances ( e sort1 has wr\ght *anges l ^? 9 a fairy tale4 ,! ,annual ,catalogue is gett+ to be z multif>i\s z ,brad%aws ,guide1 & a tra9$ intellect is requir$ to read x4 ,! little college ( half a c5tury ago has bloom$ =? z "o ( ! worlds =emo/ univ]sities4 ,su* ?+s c come f great opportunities wield$ & made ! mo/ ( by cle>ness ( vision & adm9i/rative capacity4 ,to ?is gr[? ( ! ,univ]sity mu/ be add$ ! mo/ happy inception & gr[? ( ,radcliffe ,college1 m>k+ z x does ! matur+ ( a new era 9 ! education ( wom54 ,we may well wi% = ,radcliffe a c>e] z noble & z useful z t ( ,h>v>d1 & ,i d\bt n t su* is 9 /ore = x4 ,a ^w mu/ be said ( ! ,episcopal ,!ological ,s*ool1 bas$ ^u ideas z s\nd & broad z ,*ri/ianity2 & ( ! ,new-,*ur* ,!ological ,s*ool1 m rec5tly f\nd$4 ,we mu/ hail su* indications ( ! t5d5cy t[>d mak+ our ,cambridge ! c5tre = ! untrammell$ /udy ( ! mo/ vital problems t c occupy ! human m9d4 ,b ! day we are celebrat+ is a civic1 n a univ]sity occasion1 & ,i mu/ dwell no long] ^u academic !mes4 ,we are signaliz+ ! anniv]s>y ( ! *ange :i* we once made f gov]nm5t by t[n meet+ to city gov]nm5t4 ,h we a good reason = celebrat+ t *ange8 ,has our c>e] z a civic community be5 wor?y ( approval8 ,9 answ]+ ?is "q1 ,i %all n und]take to sum up ! /ory ( our public s*ools & libr>y2 our hospital & *>ity organizations2 ! excell5t & h>moni\s "w ( our *ur*es1 ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic2 our ,prospect ,union1 w>mly to be comm5d$2 our arrangem5ts = wat] supply & sewage2 & our admirable p>k sy/em 79 :i* we may express a hope t ,elmwood w be includ$74 ,?is int]e/+ & sugge/ive /ory may be read 9 ! semi-c5t5nial volume1 ,! ,cambridge ( ,eighte5 ,hundr$ & ,n9ety-,six1 j issu$ f ! ,riv]side ,press4 ,x is an enliv5+ /ory ( progress1 b l e /ory x has a moral1 & ,i am go+ to pass ov] details & make /raight = t moral4 ,am]icans are a bragg+ race because !y h enjoy$ imm5se opportunities1 & are apt to =get t ! true m]it lies1 n 9 ! opportunity1 b 9 ! use we make ( x4 ,mu* gratify+ progress c be a*iev$ 9 spite ( ! wor/ sort ( blund]+ & s9n+ on ! "p ( gov]nm5ts4 ,! great] "p1 inde$1 ( human progress )9 hi/oric times has be5 ?us a*iev$4 ,a good deal ( ! progress ( :i* ,am]icans are wont to boa/ has be5 ?us a*iev$4 ,n[ ! moral ( our /ory is closely conc]n$ ) ! fact t 9 ! city ( ,cambridge su* has n be5 ! case4 ,our city gov]nm5t has f ! outset be5 upright1 intellig5t1 & helpful4 ,we are satisfi$ ) x4 ,we d n wi% to *ange x4 ,9 ?is respect ! exp]i5ce ( ,cambridge is v diff]5t f t ( _m o!r ,am]ican cities4 ,! gov]nm5t ( our cities is ackn[l$g$ to be a problem ( r>e difficulty1 s t x has begun to seem a natural l9e ( promotion = a successful mayor to elect him gov]nor1 & !n to s5d him to ! ,:ite ,h\se6 ,9 "s cities "o f9ds p incl9$ to give up ! problem z insoluble4 ,i 0 lately assur$ by a g5tleman 9 a city :i* ,i w n "n1 b m ?an a ?\s& miles f "h1 t ! only cure = ! accumulat$ wrongs ( t community w\ld be an occasional c\p d'tat1 ) ! massacre ( all ! city (fic]s4 ,s ! la/ ^w ( our boa/$ progress1 :5 x comes to municipal gov]nm5t1 is decl>$ to be ! ,ori5tal idea ( despotism temp]$ by assass9ation6 ,n[ to :at cause or causes are we to ascribe ! contra/ betwe5 ,cambridge & ! cities t are s wret*$ly gov]n$8 ,! answ] is1 t 9 ,cambridge we keep city gov]nm5t cle> ( politics1 we d n mix up municipal que/ions ) national que/ions4 ,if ,i may repeat :at ,i h said else:]e1 s9ce ! object ( a municipal election is simply to secure an upright & effici5t municipal gov]nm5t1 to elect a city magi/rate because he is a ,republican or a ,democrat is ab\t z s5sible z to elect him because he believes 9 homopa?y or has a ta/e = *rysan!mums4 ,^u ?is pla9 & obvi\s pr9ciple ( common s5se our city has act$1 on ! :ole ) rem>kable success1 dur+ its half c5tury ( municipal exi/5ce4 ,! results we see all ab\t u1 & ! example may be comm5d$ z an object lesson to all :o are int]e/$ 9 ! mo/ vital "w t c occupy ! m9d ( an ,am]ican1--! "w ( elevat+ ! moral tone ( public life4 ,= x is nei!r weal?1 nor p[]1 nor cunn+1 nor craft t exalts a nation1 b righte\sness & ! fe> ( ! ,"l4 ,may1 #ahif4 ,,xi ,a ,,h>ve/ ,,( ,,iri% ,,folk-,,lore ,s9ce ! days :5 ,ca/rn made 8 ardu\s j\rneys ( l+ui/ic exploration 9 ,sib]ia1 or :5 ! bro!rs ,grimm collect$ _! ri* treasures ( folk-lore f ! lips ( ,g]man peasants1 an active que/ ( vocables & my?s has be5 conduct$ ) mu* zeal & en]gy 9 ne>ly all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,we h tales1 prov]bs1 fragm5ts ( v]se1 sup]/iti\s beliefs & usages1 f ,gre5l&1 f ! s\!rn ,pacific1 f ! m\nta9e]s ( ,?ibet & ! fre$m5 ^u ,georgia plantations4 ,we foll[ a/ute ,reyn>d to ! l& ( ! ,hott5tots1 & f9d ! ubiquit\s ,jack plant+ 8 bean/alk among ! ,dog-,rib ,indians4 ,at ! same "t1 ! nooks & corn]s ( ,europe h be5 ransack$ ) b\ntiful results2 s t :]eas our gr&fa!rs1 9 speculat+ ab\t ! op9ions & m5tal habits ( p 9 l[ /ages ( culture1 7 deal+ ) a subject ab\t :i* !y knew almo/ no?+1 on ! o!r h&1 our *ief difficulty to-day is 9 %ap+ & manag+ ! enorm\s mass ( data :i* ke5 & pati5t inquir]s h collect$4 ,x is well t ?is "w has be5 c>ri$ s f> 9 our "t1 = mod]n habits ( ?\ght are fa/ ext]m9at+ ! ,old ,_w fancies4 ,railroad1 newspap]1 & telegraphic bullet9 ( prices are c>ry+ ev]y?+ be=e !m4 ,! peasant's qua9t dialect & 8 fasc9at+ my? tales are disappe>+ along ) 8 picturesque dress2 & savages1 su* ( !m z d n succumb to fire-wat]1 are fa/ tak+ on ! airs & mann]s ( civiliz$ folk4 ,x is high "t to be ga!r+ 9 all ! primitive lore we c f9d1 be=e ! m5 & wom5 9 ^: m9ds x is /ill a liv+ reality h all pass$ f ! sc5e4 ,! collection ( ,iri% my? /ories lately publi%$ by ,mr4 ,j]emiah ,curt9#cj is ! result ( a my?-hunt+ visit :i* ! au?or made 9 ,irel& 9 #ahhg1 & is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & valuable contributions to ! /udy ( folk-lore t h be5 made = _m ye>s4 ,all ! tales 9 my collection1 says ,mr4 ,curt91 ( :i* ^? pr9t$ 9 ?is volume =m b a "p1 7 tak5 d[n f ! m\?s ( m5 :o1 ) "o or two exceptions1 spoke only ,gaelic1 or b little ,engli%1 & t imp]fectly4 ,^! m5 belong to a gr\p ( p]sons all ( :om are well advanc$ 9 ye>s1 & "s v old2 ) !m w pass away ! majority ( ! /ory-tell]s ( ,irel&1 unless new int]e/ 9 ! anci5t language & lore ( ! c\ntry is r\s$4 ,= ye>s previ\s to my visit ( #ahhg ,i 0 n )\t hope ( f9d+ "s my? tales 9 a good /ate ( pres]vation4 ,i 0 l$ to ent]ta9 ?is hope by indications 9 ! few ,iri% /ories already publi%$1 & by c]ta9 tales & beliefs t ,i _h tak5 d[n myself f old ,iri% p]sons 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,/ill1 dur+ ! e>li] "p ( my visit 9 ,irel&1 ,i 0 greatly afraid t ! be/ my? mat]ials _h p]i%$4 ,inquiries z to :o might be 9 possession ( ^! old /ories seem$ fruitless = a consid]able "t4 ,! p]sons :om ,i met t 7 capable ( read+ ! ,gaelic language _h nev] collect$ /ories1 & c\ld ref] only 9 a g5]al way to ! di/ricts 9 :i* ! anci5t language 0 /ill liv+4 ,all t 0 left 0 to seek out ! old p = :om ,gaelic is ! e-day spee*1 & tru/ to =tune to f9d ! /ory-tell]s4 ,?us ,mr4 ,curt9 0 l$ to explore ! c\nties ( ,k]ry1 ,galway1 & ,donegal4 ,com=t+ myself ) ! ,russian prov]b t 'game runs to meet ! hunt]1' ,i set out on my pilgrimage1 giv+ m prom95ce to ! /udy & inve/igation ( ,gaelic1 :i*1 ?\gh "o ( ! two objects ( my visit1 0 n ! fir/4 ,9 ?is way ,i ?\ght to come m surely ^u m5 :o _h my? tales 9 _! m9ds ?an if ,i w5t directly seek+ = !m4 ,i 0 n disappo9t$1 = 9 all my j\rney+s ,i did n meet a s+le p]son :o knew a my? tale or an old /ory :o 0 n fond ( ,gaelic1 & specially exp]t 9 ! use ( x1 :ile ,i f\nd v few /ory-tell]s f :om a my? tale c\ld be obta9$ unless 9 ! ,gaelic language2 & 9 no case h ,i f\nd a /ory 9 ! possession ( a man or woman :o knew only ,engli%4 ,!re is some?+ s int]e/+ 9 ?is fact1 & s pa!tic 9 ! explanation ( x1 t we are tempt$ to quote fur!r3 ,s9ce all m5tal tra9+ 9 ,irel& is direct$ by p[]s bo? =eign & ho/ile to ev]y?+ ,gaelic1 ! mom5t a man leaves ! sph]e ( t class :i* uses ,gaelic z an e-day language1 & :i* cl+s to ! anci5t ideas ( ! p1 ev]y?+ :i* he left beh9d seems to him valueless1 s5seless1 & vulg>2 consequ5tly he takes no c>e to reta9 x1 ei!r 9 :ole or 9 "p4 ,h5ce ! clean sweep ( my? tales 9 "o "p ( ! c\ntry1--! great] "p1 occupi$ by a majority ( ! p2 :ile !y are /ill pres]v$ 9 o!r & remot] di/ricts1 inhabit$ by m5 :o1 = ! s*ol> & ! /ud5t ( mank9d1 are by f> ! mo/ int]e/+ 9 ,irel&4 ,! fate ( ! ,gaelic language has1 inde$1 be5 peculi>ly sad4 ,9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,europe1 & especially among ! we/]n ,slavs1 ! native tongues h be5 to "s ext5t displac$ by ! spee* ( conqu]+ peoples2 yet x is only 9 ,er9 t1 )9 mod]n times1 a language ( ,aryan /ock has be5 driv5 fir/ f public use1 & !n dropp$ f ! wor%ip ( ,god & ! life ( ! fireside4 ,h5ce1 :ile 9 _m p>ts ( ,europe ! anci5t tales live on1 (t5 ) _! incid5ts m or less dislocat$ & _! significance q blurr$1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ,engli%-speak+ ,irel& !y h be5 cle>$ away z a =e/ is fell$ by ! axe4 ,nev]!less1 9 ! regions :]e ,iri% my?s h be5 pres]v$1 !y h be5 rem>kably well pres]v$1 & be> unmi/akable m>ks ( _! va/ antiquity4 ,"o v noticeable feature 9 ^! my?s is ! def9it5ess & precision ( detail ) :i* ! p]sonages & _! fields ( action are br\ght be=e u4 ,?is is a *>act]i/ic ( my?ologies :i* are1 comp>atively speak+1 intact2 &1 z ,mr4 ,curt9 obs]ves1 x is to be se5 9 ! my?s ( ! ,am]ican ,indians4 ,z long z a my?ology rema9s intact x puts its impr9t on ! :ole region to :i* x belongs4 ,e rock1 e spr+1 is ! sc5e ( "s def9ite incid5t2 e hill has its my?ical p1 :o are z real to ! n>rators z ! fle%-&-blood population :i* "o f9ds !re4 ,9 ?is :ole _w ( belief & s5tim5t !re is ! vig\r ( fre% life1 & ! c\ntry is lit]ally en*ant$ gr\nd4 ,b :51 ?r\gh ! invasion ( ali5 peoples1 !re is a m+l+ & conflict ( sacr$ /ories1 & new gr\ps ( ideas & associations h p>tly displac$ ! old ones1 s t only ! argum5t or g5]al /atem5t ( ! anci5t my? is reta9$1 & p]haps ev5 t b p>tially1 !n all precision & details ) ref]5ce to p]sons & places vani%2 !y become indef9ite2 are 9 "s k+dom1 "s place1--n[h]e 9 p>ticul>4 ,!re is ?is vagu5ess 9 ! folk-tales ( ea/]n & c5tral ,europe z contra/$ ) ^? ( ,irel&4 ,:]e !re 0 or :]e !re 0 n1 says ! ,magy>1 !re 0 9 ! _w2 or1 if ! ,russian h]o goes any:]e1 x is simply across =ty-n9e k+doms1 etc42 b 9 ! ,iri% tales he is always a p]son ( kn[n condition 9 a specifi$ place 7= example1 ,!re 0 a blacksmi? 9 ,dunk5ealy1 beyond ,killybegs1 etc41 page #bdd74 ,z to ! antiquity & ! primitive "* ( ,mr4 ,curt9's /ories an exp]i5c$ obs]v] c ent]ta9 no d\bt4 ,8 book is c]ta9ly ! mo/ consid]able a*ievem5t 9 ! field ( ,gaelic my?ology s9ce ! publication1 ?irty ye>s ago1 ( ,campbell's ,tales ( ! ,we/ ,highl&s2 & x does = ! folk-lore ( ,irel& :at ,asbjrns5 & ,moe's collection 7! ,engli% translation ( :i* is commonly1 & ) "s inju/ice1 kn[n by ! "n ( ! translator z ,das5t's ,norse ,tales7 did = ! folk-lore ( ,norway4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 v high praise1 b we d n believe x w be call$ extravagant by any compet5t s*ol> :o reads ,mr4 ,curt9's book4 ,! /ories h evid5tly be5 r$uc$ to writ+ ) mo/ scrupul\s & lov+ fidelity4 ,9 turn+ ! ,gaelic into ,engli% "s ( ! *>act]i/ic ,hib]nian phrases & con/ructions ( our language h be5 employ$1 & ?is has be5 done ) su* p]fect good ta/e t ! effect ^u ! e> is l t ( a ref9$ & delicate brogue4 ,! my?ical mat]ial 9 ! /ories is l>gely t ) :i* ! /ud5t ( ,aryan folk-lore is famili>4 ,we h v>iants ( ,c9d]ella1 ! swan maid5s1 ! giant :o _h no he>t 9 8 body1 ! cloak ( d>kness1 ! sword ( light1 ! magic /e$ :i* ov]takes ! w9d be=e & out/rips ! w9d beh9d2 ! pot ( pl5ty1 f :i* "o may eat =ev]1 & ! cup t is nev] dra9$2 ! h]o :o p]=ms impossible tasks1 & wooes maid5s ^: beauty h>dly relieves _! trea*]\s cruelty3 ,i mu/ tell y n[ t ?ree hundr$ k+'s sons1 lack+ "o1 h come to ask = my daught]1 & 9 ! g>d5 beh9d my ca/le are ?ree hundr$ iron spikes1 & e spike ( !m b "o is cov]$ ) ! head ( a k+'s son :o c\ldn't d :at my daught] want$ ( him1 & ,i'm greatly 9 dread t y\r own head w be put on ! "o spike t is left uncov]$4 ,! pr9cess 9 ?is /ory--,%ak+-,head--is su* a wret*1 n a bit bett] ?an ,que5 ,labe 9 ! ,arabian ,nights1 t "o m>vels at ! h]o = m>ry+ h] at la/1 in/ead ( slic+ (f h] head ) 8 two-h&$ sword ( d>kness1 & plac+ x on ! ?ree-hundr$? spike4 ,b moral z well z physical probabilities are (t5 ov]/ra9$ 9 ?is delici\sly riot\s realm ( folk-lore4 ,along ) mu* mat]ial t is common to ! ,aryan _w !re is "s t is peculi> to ,irel&1 :ile ! ,iri% atmosph]e is ov] ev]y?+4 ,! /ories ( ,f9 ,mac,cumhail 7pron\nc$ ,mac,cool7 & ! ,f5ians ( ,er9 are full ( grotesque incid5t & inimitable droll]y4 ,f9 & 8 r$\btable dog ,bran1 ! "o-ey$ ,gruaga*1 ! h]o ,di>muid1 ! old hag ) ! life-giv+ o9tm5t1 ! weird h& ( ,mal ,mac,mulcan1 & ! c[h]d t 0 son ( ! k+ ( ,alban make a *>m+ s]ies ( pictures4 ,among ,f9's foll[]s !re is a c]ta9 ,conn ,maol1 :o nev] _h a good ^w 9 8 m\? = any man1 & = :om no man _h a good ^w4 ,?is c\nt]p>t ( ,!rsites1 z ,mr4 ,curt9 tells u1 figures z conspicu\sly 9 ,nor? ,am]ican z 9 ,aryan my?s4 ,conn 0 always at ,f9's side1 & advis+ him to mis*ief4 ,once x _h l to h gone h>d ) ,conn4 ,! ,f5ians _h be5 inveigl$ into an en*ant$ ca/le1 & c\ld n rise f _! *airs till two ( ,f9's sons _h gone & behead$ ?ree k+s 9 ! nor? ( ,er91 & put _! blood into ?ree goblets1 & come back & rubb$ ! blood on ! *airs4 ,conn _h no *air1 b 0 sitt+ on ! floor1 ) 8 back to ! wall1 & j be=e !y came to him ! la/ drop ( blood gave out4 ,! ,f5ians 7 hurry+ pa/ )\t m9d+ ! mis*ief-mak]1 :51 ^u 8 e>ne/ appeal1 ,di>muid took him by "o h&1 & ,goll ,mac,mornee by ! o!r1 &1 pull+ ) all _! might1 tore him f ! wall & ! floor4 ,b if !y did1 he left all ! sk9 ( 8 back1 f 8 head to 8 heels1 on ! floor & ! wall beh9d him4 ,b :5 !y 7 go+ home ?r\gh ! hills ( ,tralee1 !y f\nd a %eep on ! way1 kill$ x1 & clapp$ ! sk9 on ,conn4 ,! %eepsk9 grew to 8 body2 & he 0 s well & /rong t !y %e>$ him e ye>1 & got wool en\gh f 8 back to make flannel & frieze = ! ,f5ians ( ,er9 ev] aft]4 ,?is is a fav\rite incid5t1 & recurs 9 ! /ory ( ! laugh+ ,gruaga*4 ,9 mo/ ( ! ,f5ian /ories ! fight+ is brisk & incessant4 ,x is q a ,donnybrook fair4 ,ev]ybody kills ev]ybody else1 & !n "s too?less old woman comes along & rubs a magic salve on !m1 :51 all 9 a m9ute1 up !y pop1 & g at x aga94 ,"o ( ! qua9te/ conceits1 & a pretty "o )al1 is t ( ,tir na n-,og1 ! ,l& ( ,y\?1 ! life-giv+ region j b5ea? ! gr\nd1 :5ce my/]i\sly spr+ ! /urdy trees1 ! s(t gre5 grass1 & ! bright fl[]s4 ,! j\rney ?i!r is n long2 sometimes ! h]o j pulls up a root & dives d[n ?r\gh ! hole into ! bless$ ,tir na n-,og1--z primitive a bit ( folk-lore z "o c\ld wi% to f9d6 ,a lovely c\ntry1 ( c\rse1 0 t l& ( spr\t+ life1 & "s que] cu/oms did !y h !re4 ,! mode ( runn+ = (fice 0 especially wor?y ( m5tion4 ,once 9 sev5 ye>s all ! *ampions & be/ m5 met at ! front ( ! palace1 & ran to ! top ( a hill two miles di/ant4 ,on ! top ( t hill 0 a *air1 & ! man t sat fir/ 9 ! *air 0 k+ ( ,tir na n-,og = ! next sev5 ye>s4 ,?is me?od enabl$ !m to disp5se ) nom9at+ conv5tions & campaign lies1 b n ) intrigue & sorc]y1 z we f9d 9 ! droll /ory ( ,ois9 7or ,ossian71 :i* concludes ! ,f5ian s]ies4 ,! /ory ( ! ,fi%]man's ,son & ! ,gruaga* ( ,tricks is sub/antially ! same ) ! fam\s /ory ( ,f>m] ,wea!rsky1 9 ! ,norse collection translat$ by ,sir ,george ,das5t4 ,gruaga* 7acc5t$ on ! fir/ syllable7 means ! hairy "o1 &1 z ,mr4 ,curt9 cauti\sly obs]ves1 we are m likely to be ju/ifi$ 9 f9d+ a sol> ag5t conceal$ 9 ! p]son ( ! laugh+ ,gruaga* or ! ,gruaga* ( ,tricks ?an 9 _m ( ! sun my?s put =? by "s mod]n writ]s4 ,he rem9ds "o ( ,h]mes & ( ,proteus1 & 9 ! wond]ful *anges at ! end ( ! /ory we h1 z 9 ,f>m] ,wea!rsky1 a v>iant ( ! cata/rophe 9 ! /ory ( ! ,second ,royal ,m5dicant 9 ! ,arabian ,nights2 b ! ,iri%man gives u a t\* ( hum\r t is q 8 own4 ,! ,gruaga* & 8 elev5 artful sons are *as+ ! fi%]man's son ?r\gh wat] & air1 & v>i\s =ms ( fi% & bird are assum$1 until at l5g? ! fi%]man's son1 9 ! %ape ( a swall[1 hov]s ov] ! summ]h\se :]e ! daught] ( ! k+ ( ,er9 is sitt+4 ,we>y ) ! *ase1 ! swall[ becomes a r+1 & falls into ! girl's lap2 x takes h] fancy1 & %e puts x on h] f+]4 ,!n ! twelve pursu]s *ange f hawks into h&some m51 & ent]ta9 ! k+ 9 8 ca/le ) music & games1 until he asks !m :at 9 ! _w he c give !m4 ,all !y want1 says ! old ,gruaga*1 is ! r+ :i* he once lo/1 & :i* is n[ on ! pr9cess's f+]4 ,( c\rse1 says ! k+1 if 8 daught] has got ! r+1 %e mu/ give x to its own]4 ,b ! r+1 ov]he>+ all ?is1 speaks to ! pr9cess1 & tells h] :at to d4 ,%e gets a gallon ( :eat gra9s & ?ree gallons ( ! /ronge/ po!5 t 0 ev] brew$ 9 ,irel&1 & %e mixes !m toge!r 9 an op5 b>rel be=e ! fire4 ,!n h] fa!r calls h] & asks = ! r+2 & :5 %e f9ds t h] prote/s are ( no avail1 & %e mu/ give up1 %e ?r[s x into ! fire4 ,t mom5t ! elev5 bro!rs made elev5 pairs ( tongs ( !mselves2 _! fa!r1 ! old ,gruaga*1 0 ! twelf? pair4 ,! twelve jump$ into ! fire to "k 9 :at sp>k ( x w\ld !y f9d ! old fi%]man's son2 & !y 7 a long "t work+ & se>*+ ?r\gh ! fire1 :5 out flew a sp>k1 & into ! b>rel4 ,! twelve made !mselves m51 turn$ ov] ! b>rel1 & spill$ ! :eat on ! floor4 ,!n 9 a tw9kl+ !y 7 twelve cocks /rutt+ ar\nd4 ,!y fell to1 & pick$ away at ! :eat1 to "k :i* "o w\ld f9d ! fi%]man's son4 ,soon "o dropp$ on "o side1 & a second on ! opposite side1 until all twelve 7 ly+ drunk f ! :eat4 ,"o seems to see ! gleam 9 ! corn] ( ! eye & ! puck] 9 ! ,gaelic visage ( ! old n>rator4 ,to be sure1 x 0 ! :eat4 ,x c\ldn't h be5 ! m\nta9 dew2 x nev] is4 ,well1 :5 ?+s _h come to ?is pass1 ! sp>k t 0 ! fi%]man's son j turn$ into a fox1 & ) "o sm>t bite he took ! head (f ! old ,gruaga*1 & ! elev5 o!r boozy cocks he f9i%$ ) elev5 o!r bites4 ,!n he made himself ! h&some/ man 9 ,er91 & m>ri$ ! pr9cess & succe$$ to ! cr[n4 ,!re is a breezy fre%ness ab\t ^! tales1 :i* w make ! book a welcome addition to "y p's libr>ies4 ,x is safe to pr$ict = x an enviable success4 ,9 ! next edition !re ought to be an index1 & we wi% ! au?or ne$ n feel x necess>y to be s sp>+ ) 8 own notes & comm5ts4 ,8 brief ,introduction is s *>m+1 f its weight ( s5se & beauty ( expression1 t "o w\ld gladly he> m f ! au?or himself4 ,x is to be hop$ t ! book lately publi%$ is ! =]unn] ( _m4 ,augu/1 #ahij4 ,,xii ,,guess+ ,,at ,,half ,,& ,,multiply+ ,,by ,,two ,! small philosoph] is a great "* 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,8 fundam5tal rule ( logical proc$ure is to guess at ! half & multiply by two4 ,applause4#ca ,x is 9 #ahhj only two or ?ree ye>s s9ce ! philosoph] f :om ?is text is quot$ 0 himself a great "* 9 ,new ,engl&1 inasmu* z he c\ld give a lecture once e week1 9 "o ( ! l>ge/ halls ( ,new ,engl&'s pr9cipal city1 & c\ld ent]ta9 8 audi5ce ( two or ?ree ?\s& p ) discussions ( ! mo/ va/ & ab/ruse !mes ( sci5ce & metaphysics4 ,! success ) :i* he ent]ta9$ 8 audi5ce is c>efully *ronicl$ = u 9 ! volumes made up f ! reports ( 8 lectures1 9 :i* p>5!tical notes ( laught]1 applause1 or s5sation occur z frequ5tly z 9 ord9>y newspap] reports ( /ump spee*es or humor\s convivial h>angues4 ,z a social ph5om5on ?is c>e] ( ! ,rev4 ,joseph ,cook possesses consid]able int]e/1--en\gh1 at any rate1 to ju/ify a brief inquiry z to 8 fundam5tal rule ( proc$ure4 ,among ! wise & witty say+s ( ! anci5ts ) :i* our *ildr5 are puzzl$ & edifi$ 9 ! fir/ doz5 pages ( ! ,greek ,read]1 !re is a cau/ic rem>k attribut$ to ,phokion1 on ! occasion ( be+ v l\dly applaud$ by ! populace4 ,de> me1 said ! old /atesman1 c x be t ,i h be5 mak+ a fool ( myself8 ,s1 :5 ?ree ?\s& p are made to laugh & clap _! h&s ov] /atem5ts ab\t ! orig9 ( species or ! anatomy ( ! n]v\s sy/em1 ! fir/ impulse ( any sci5tific inquir] ( ord9>y sagacity & exp]i5ce is to ask 9 :at m]etrici\s fa%ion ^! sob] topics c h be5 treat$1 9 ord] to h produc$ su* a result4 ,! inf]5ce may be cynical1 b is none ! less likely to be s\nd4 ,9 ! pres5t case1 "o does n ne$ to read f> 9 ! publi%$ reports ( ^! lectures to see t ! fundam5tal rule ( proc$ure is some?+ v diff]5t f any ( ! rules by :i* tru? is woo$ & won by sci5tific inquir]s4 ,among ,mill's compreh5sive canons ( logical me?od "o might se>* 9 va9 = a specim5 ( ! me?od employ$ by ,mr4 ,cook4 ,( ! temp] ( m9d1 inde$1 9 :i* sci5tific inquiries are conduct$1 he has no m conception ?an ,laura ,bridgman c\ld h ( ,pompeian r$ or a *ord ( ! m9or n9?4 ,! process ( hold+ "o's judgm5t 9 susp5se ov] a complicat$ problem1 ( pati5tly ga!r+ & weigh+ ! evid5ce on ei!r side1 ( subject+ "o's own fir/-=m$ hypo!ses to repeat$ v]ification1 ( cle>ly compreh5d+ & fairly /at+ oppos+ views1 ( sett+ =? "o's conclusions at la/1 gu>d$ly & ) a di/9ct consci\sness ( ! conditions "u :i* !y are t5able1--all ?is sort ( ?+ is q =eign to ,mr4 ,cook's nature4 ,to him a sci5tific !sis is simply a /atem5t ov] :i* x is possible to get up a fight4 ,! gamecock is 8 totem2 to him ! bones ( ! v]tebrate subk+dom are only s _m bones ( cont5tion1 & ! sponge is int]e/+ *iefly z an emblem :i* is nev]1 on any acc\nt1 to be ?r[n up4 ,he talks accord+ly ( sci5tific m5 ly+ 9 wait = ,mr4 ,d>w91 ready to p\nce on him l a tig] on its prey2 he is v fond ( exhibit+ :at he calls ! /rategic po9t ( a sci5tific book or !ory2 & altoge!r 8 attitude is bellicose to a degree t is z unbecom+ 9 a prea*] ( ! gospel z x is out ( place 9 a discussion ( sci5tific que/ions4 ,8 fav\rite me?od ( deal+ ) a sci5tific writ] is to quote f him all sorts ( deta*$ /atem5ts & inf]5ces1 &1 )\t ! slighte/ reg>d to ! writ]'s g5]al sy/em ( op9ions or habits ( ?\ght1 to praise or vitup]ate ! deta*$ /atem5ts accord+ to "s pr9ciple :i* x is n always easy = ! read] to discov]1 b :i* has always d\btless "s ref]5ce to _! suppos$ be>+s ^u ! peculi> k9d ( or?odoxy ( :i* ,mr4 ,cook appe>s z ! *ampion4 ,!re are "s writ]s :om he ?9ks x necess>y always to scold or vilify1 no matt] :at !y say4 ,if !y happ5 to say some?+ :i* ought to be q satisfactory to any reasonable p]son ( or?odox op9ions1 ,mr4 ,cook ei!r accuses !m ( ins9c]ity or repres5ts !m z mak+ concessions4 ,?is la/ device1 ,i am sorry to be oblig$ to add1 is n an uncommon "o ) !ological controv]siali/s1 :5 _! zeal runs away ) !m4 ,:5 a man makes a /atem5t :i* expresses 8 deepe/ convictions1 !re is no easi] way ( seem+ to knock away ! plat=m on :i* he /&s ?an to quote 8 /atem5t1 & describe x z some?+ :i* he has reluctantly conc$$4 ,9 deal+ ) ! pr9cipal writ]s on evolution1 ,mr4 ,cook is cont9ually f\nd resort+ to ?is *eap device4 ,= example1 :5 ,pr(essor ,tyndall decl>es t if a "r-h& spiral movem5t ( ! p>ticles ( ! bra9 c\ld be %[n to occur 9 love1 & a left-h& spiral movem5t 9 hate1 we %\ld be z f> (f z ev] f und]/&+ ! connection ( ?is physical motion ) ! spiritual manife/ations1--:5 ,pr(essor ,tyndall decl>es ?is1 he simply ass]ts :at is a c>d9al proposition ) ! gr\p ( ,engli% philosoph]s to :i* he belongs4 ,) ,pr(essor ,huxley1 z well z ) ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 x is a fundam5tal proposition t psy*ical ph5om5a _c possibly be int]pret$ 9 t]ms ( matt] & motion1 & ?is proposition !y h at v>i\s times set =? & def5d$4 ,9 ! *apt] on ,matt] & ,_s1 9 my "w on ,cosmic ,philosophy1 ,i h fully exp\nd$ ?is po9t1 & h fur!r illu/rat$ x 9 ,! ,unse5 ,_w4 ,) ! conclusions !re set =? ! rem>k ( ,pr(essor ,tyndall ?or\ghly agrees1 & x does s because all ^! expressions ( op9ion & all ^! argum5ts are "p & p>cel ( a coh]5t sy/em ( anti-mat]iali/ic ?\ght adopt$#cb by ! ,engli% s*ool ( evolutioni/s4 ,yet :5 ,mr4 ,cook quotes ,pr(essor ,tyndall's rem>k1 he does x 9 ?is wise3 ,x is notori\s t ev5 ,tyndall conc$es1 etc41 etc4 ,by proce$+ 9 ?is way1 ,mr4 ,cook f9ds x easy to make out a =midable array ( :at he calls ! concessions ( evolutioni/s4 ,he fir/ gives ! audi5ce a crude impression ( "s sort ( !ory ( evolution1 su* z no sci5tific ?9k] ev] dream$ (2 or1 to speak m accurately1 he plays ^u ! crude impression already half =m$ 9 ! av]age m9d ( 8 audi5ce1 & :i* he evid5tly %>es himself4 ,! av]age notion ( ! doctr9e ( evolution1 possess$ 9 common by an audi5ce big en\gh to fill ,tremont ,temple1 w\ld no d\bt seem to ,d>w9 or to ,sp5c] some?+ q fe>ful & wond]ful4 ,play+ ) ?is sort ( crude mat]ial1 ,mr4 ,cook puts toge!r a s]ies ( numb]$ propositions1 :i* rem9d "o ( ^? int]m9able auction catalogues ( ,walt ,:itman1 :i* "s ( our ,briti% c\s9s1 m ard5t ?an discrim9at+1 mi/ake = a truly ,am]ican species ( inspir$ v]se4 ,9 ?is long cat5a ( /atem5ts1 almo/ ev]y?+ is easily se5 to disagree ) ! crude g5]al impression to :i* ! speak] appeals1 & almo/ ev]y?+ is accord+ly set d[n z a concession4 ,& z ! audi5ce g out aft] ! lecture1 !y d\btless ask "o ano!r1 9 amaz$ :isp]s1 h[ x is t s5sible m5 :o make s _m concessions c f9d x 9 _! he>ts to ma9ta9 ! doctr9e ( evolution at all6 ,sometimes ,mr4 ,cook goes ev5 f>!r ?an ?is1 &1 9 ! v act ( quot+ an au?or's decl>$ op9ions1 expressly refuses to give him cr$it = !m4 ,?us he has ! h>dihood to say3 ,ev5 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 :o w\ld be v glad to prove ! opposite1#cc says1 9 8 ,biology1 ',! proximate *emical pr9ciples or *emical units--album51 fibr9e1 gelat9e1 or ! hypo!tical prote9e sub/ance--_c possess ! prop]ty ( =m+ ! endlessly v>i$ /ructures ( animal =ms4' ,mr4 ,cook "h lays claim to a k ( 8 au?or's inn]mo/ ?\ghts & wi%es :i* is q rem>kable4 ,= a fit p>allel "o w\ld h to cite ! in/ance ( ! ,g]man :o flogg$ 8 son = pr(anity1 ?\gh ! boy _h n op5$ 8 m\?4 ,y d9ks tamn1 exclaim$ ! irate fa!r1 & ,i vips y = dat6 ,z !re are "s writ]s :om ,mr4 ,cook ?9ks x always necess>y to vitup]ate1 no matt] :at !y say1 s !re are o!rs :om he f9ds x conv5i5t to quote1 z foils to ! =m]1 & to m5tion ) praise on all occasions1 ?\gh x is difficult to assign ! reasons = ?is pref]5ce1 except on ! hypo!sis t ! lectur] has an implicit fai? 9 ! simple & confid+ nature ( 8 audi5ce4 ,be=e giv+ ^! lectures ,mr4 ,cook _h /udi$ a:ile 9 ,g]many1 & 8 citations ( ,g]man writ]s %[ h[ f> he deems x safe to presume on ,new ,engl&'s ignorance ( :at ! ,fa!rl& ?9ks4 ,x is nice to h su* a le>n$ c\ntry z ,g]many at "o's disposal to hurl at ! heads ( p ^: outlook 9 philosophy does n rea* beyond ! ,/raits ( ,dov]2 x saves a great deal ( tr\blesome argum5t1 & /ill m pa9ful exam9ation ( facts4 ,?is ,engli% op9ion is all v well1 y "k1 b x comes f a philosoph] ^: /> is j t\*+ ! we/]n p9es1 & a ,g]man pr(essor :om ,i am ab\t to quote1 ^: book ,i hold 9 my h&1 & ^: /> is 9 ! asc5dant1 does n agree ) x4 ,all ?is is extremely neat & conv9c+1 app>5tly1 to ! cr[d 9 ,tremont ,temple4 ,) all ,g]many at 8 disposal1 h[ev]1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t our lectur] makes a v sp>+ use ( 8 res\rces4 ,he quotes ,helmholtz & ,wundt e n[ & !n ) w>m approval1 ?\gh :]e9 !y %\ld be f\nd any m acceptable to ! or?odox _w ?an ,tyndall & ,sp5c] x is n easy to see1 save t ! ill repute ( ,g]man free ?9k]s takes some:at long] to get diffus$ 9 ,new ,engl& ?an ! ill repute ( ,engli% free ?9k]s4 ,!n1 among ^! ,g]mans :o are to set ! ,engli%-speak+ _w aright we h ,delitzs*6 ,to speak ( ,wundt & ,delitzs* is z if "o 7 to bracket toge!r ,john ,/u>t ,mill & ,fr$]ick ,d5ison ,maurice4 ,& !n comes ! admirable ,lotze1 :om ,mr4 ,cook is cont9ually sett+ (f z a foil to ,h]b]t ,sp5c]4 ,on page #agi ( ! lectures on ,h]$ity he enum]ates1 ) emphasis1 ^? op9ions ( ,lotze :i* he deems ( especial importance ) reg>d to ! relations betwe5 matt] & m9d1 & !n proce$s to deprecate ! ?und] :i* he presumes he has evok$ f all qu>t]s ( ! ,sp5c]ian sky4 ,b1 consid]+ t ! propositions he quotes f ,lotze express ! v views ( ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 only some:at inadequately word$1 x w\ld seem t ! lectur]'s al>m _c be v real1 & ! ?und] 9 "q is only a k9d ( comic-op]a ?und] manufactur$ beh9d ! curta9 = ! b5efit ( ! acquiesc5t audi5ce4 ,= example1 ! f\r? proposition quot$ ) approval f ,lotze reads ?us3 ,physical ph5om5a po9t to an und]ly+ be+ to :i* !y belong1 b d n det]m9e :e!r t be+ is mat]ial or immat]ial4 ,n[ ?is is ,sp5c]ism1 pure & simple1 & x is a crucial proposition1 too1 po9t+ out ! drift ( ! :ole philosophy be=e :i* x is set up4 ,! fact t ,mr4 ,cook adopts su* an op9ion :5 /at$ by ,lotze1 b vitup]ates ! same op9ion :5 /at$ by ,sp5c]1 reveals to u1 ) a pung5t ?\gh n :olly delici\s flav\r1 ! true inw>dness ( 8 fundam5tal me?od ( proc$ure4 ,t me?od1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ ) due reg>d to ! bon mot ( ! old ,greek /atesman1 is a me?od well adapt$ to conciliate ! fav\r ( an imm5se audi5ce1--ev5 9 ,bo/on4 ,we are all desc5d$ f fight+ ance/ors1 & _m ( u1 :o c>e little = ! dis9t]e/$ discussion ( sci5tific !ories1 /ill l to see a man knock$ d[n or impal$1 provid$ ! knock+ d[n be done ) a syllogi/ic club1 or ! impal+ be re/rict$ to su* a h>d sub/ance z is af=d$ by ! horns ( a dilemma4 ,x satisfies our combative in/9cts1 )\t %ock+ our physical sympa?ies or mak+ any great dem& on our ke5] ?9k+ p[]s1 :i* mo/ p d mo/ ( all dislike to be call$ ^u to ex]cise4 ,to ?is k9d ( feel+ ,mr4 ,cook's lectures appeal1 & ! peculi> "* ( 8 success seems to %[ t he kn[s well h[ to deal ) x4 ,9 a mom5t ( w9n+ frankness he exclaims3 ,d y suppose t ,i ?9k t ?is audi5ce c be *eat$8 ,i d n "k :]e 9 ,am]ica !re is ano!r weekly audi5ce ) z _m bra9s 9 x2 at lea/1 ,i d n "k :]e 9 ,new ,engl& ,i %\ld be s likely to be tripp$ up1 if ,i 7 to make an incorrect /atem5t1 z "h4#cd ,aft] ?is coax+ little dose1 ,mr4 ,cook proce$s to %[ 8 respect = ! le>n+ ( 8 audi5ce 9 "s rem>ks on ba?ybius1 :i*1 z he condesc5d+ly expla9s1 is a "n d]iv$ f two ,greek words1 mean+ deep & sea66 ,! pr(\nd k ( ,greek ?us exhibit$ is q equall$ by 8 acc\nt ( ba?ybius f ! zological po9t ( view4 ,he beg9s by tell+ 8 he>]s t1 9 a pap] publi%$ 9 ! ,microscopical ,j\rnal 9 #ahfh1 ,pr(essor ,huxley ann\nc$ 8 belief t ! gelat9\s sub/ance f\nd 9 ! ooze ( ! b$s ( ! deep seas is a %eet ( liv+ matt] ext5d+ ar\nd ! globe4 ,fur!rmore1 ( ?is amaz+ly /rategic 66 & haughtily trumpet$ sub/ance 444 ,huxley assum$ t x 0 9 ! pa/1 & w\ld be 9 ! future1 ! prog5itor ( all ! life on ! planet4 ,n[ x is n true t1 9 ! pap] ref]r$ to1 ,huxley ann\nces any su* belief or makes any su* assumption z is "h ascrib$ to him2 b we %all see1 9 a mom5t1 t ,mr4 ,cook's sy/em ( quotation is peculi> 9 enabl+ him to extract f ! text ( an au?or any mean+ :atev] t may happ5 to suit 8 purposes4 ,?is +5i\s g>bl+ enables ! lectur] to come 9 ) tell+ effect at ! close ( 8 ?ird lecture1 & e>n an ignoble r\nd ( applause by hold+ up ! curr5t numb] ( ! ,am]ican ,j\rnal ( ,sci5ce & ,arts 7:i* he w\ld appe> to h pick$ up at a book/all on 8 way to ! lecture room7 & cit+ f x1 z ! fifty-fir/ & clos+ concession ( evolutioni/s1 t ba?ybius has be5 discov]$ 9 #ahge1 by ! %ip ,*all5g]1 to be--he>1 ,o heav5s6 & give e>1 ,o e>?6--sulphate ( lime2 & t :5 dissolv$ x cry/allizes z gypsum4 ,applause4 ,?is is :at ,mr4 ,cook calls /rik+1 ) ! late/ sci5tific intellig5ce1 at ! bottom /em ( ! great tree ( evolution4 ,! late/ sci5tific intellig5ce1 ) him1 means ! la/ book or article :i* he has glanc$ ov] )\t compreh5d+ its import1 b f :i* he has contriv$ to glean "s /atem5t calculat$ to edify 8 audi5ce & scatt] ! ho/s ( ,midian4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 ! id5tification ( ba?ybius ) sulphate ( lime 0 set d[n by ,sir ,wyville ,?omson only z a suspicion1 to :i* ,huxley1 l a true man ( sci5ce1 at once accord$ all possible weight1 :ile leav+ ! "q op5 = fur!r discussion4 ,only a m\ntebank1 deal+ ) an audi5ce ^u ^: ignorance ( ! subject he might safely rely1 c\ld pret5d to suppose t ! fate ( ! doctr9e ( evolution 0 9 any way involv$ 9 ! "q z to ! organic nature ( ba?ybius4 ,! amaz+ /rategy 0 all ,mr4 ,cook's own1 & ! haughty trumpet+ appe>s to h be5 *iefly done ) 8 own v braz5 in/rum5t4 ,i said a mom5t ago t ,mr4 ,cook's sy/em ( quotation is peculi>4 ,! foll[+ in/ance is s good t x w be> cit+ at "s l5g?4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,cook1 ,pr(essor ,huxley says1 9 8 article on ,biology 9 ! n9? edition ( ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica3 ,?r\gh\t almo/ ! :ole s]ies ( liv+ be+s1 we f9d agamog5esis1 or n-sexual g5]ation4 ,aft] a pause1 ,mr4 ,cook proce$$ 9 a l[] voice3 ,:5 ! topic ( ! orig9 ( ! life ( our ,"l on ! e>? is approa*$ f ! po9t ( view ( ! microscope1 "s m51 :o "k n :at ! holy ( holies 9 physical & religi\s sci5ce is1 say t we h no example ( ! orig9 ( life )\t two p>5ts4 ,he w5t on to cite ! famili> in/ances ( p>!nog5esis 9 bees & silk mo?s1 & !n proce$$ z foll[s3 ,take up y\r ,miv>t1 y\r ,lyell1 y\r ,ow51 & y w read :]e8 ?is same important fact :i* ,huxley "h ass]ts1 :5 he says t ! law t p]fect individuals may be virg9ally born ext5ds to ! high] =ms ( life4 ,i am 9 ! pres5ce ( ,almighty ,god2 & yet1 :5 a great s\l l t t5d] _s ( our sa9t$ ,l9coln1 9 8 e>ly days1 ) little k b ) great ?\ghtfulness1 0 tr\bl$ by 8 difficulty1 & almo/ ?r[n into infidelity by n kn[+ t ! law t !re mu/ be two p>5ts is n univ]sal1 ,i am will+ to allude1 ev5 9 su* a pres5ce z ?is1 to ! late/ sci5ce conc]n+ miracul\s conception4 ,s5sation4 ,! vulg>ity ( ?is rhetoric is z gl>+ z its absurdity4 ,all t conc]ns me n[1 h[ev]1 is to po9t out ! ,brobdignagian dim5sions ( ! mis/atem5t ( facts4 ,let u look back = a mom5t at ! italiciz$ quotation f ,huxley1 ^u :i* ,mr4 ,cook builds up ! wondr\s ass]tion t ! law t p]fect individuals may be virg9ally born ext5ds to ! high] =ms ( life4 ,!n let u turn to ,huxley's article & see :at he really does say4 ,treat+ ( ! :ole subject ( agamog5esis 9 ! wide/ possible way by includ+ x "u ! m g5]al process ( cell-multiplication1 ,huxley says3 ,common z ! process is 9 plants & 9 ! l[] animals1 x becomes r>e among ! high] animals4 ,9 ^!1 ! reproduction ( ! :ole organism f a "p1 9 ! way indicat$ above1 ceases4 ,at mo/ we f9d t ! cells at ! end ( an amputat$ portion ( ! organism are capable ( reproduc+ ! lo/ "p1 & 9 ! v highe/ animals ev5 ?is p[] vani%es 9 ! adult4444 ,?r\gh\t almo/ ! :ole s]ies ( liv+ be+s1 h[ev]1 we f9d concurr5tly ) ! process ( agamog5esis1 or asexual g5]ation1 ano!r me?od ( g5]ation1 9 :i* ! developm5t ( ! g]m into an organism resembl+ ! p>5t dep5ds on an influ5ce ex]t$ by liv+ matt] diff]5t f ! g]m4 ,?is is gamog5esis1 or sexual g5]ation4#ce ,comp>+ ! italiciz$ passage "h ) ,mr4 ,cook's italiciz$ quotation1 we see vividly illu/rat$ ! fundam5tal me?od ( proc$ure by :i* ! ,monday ,lecture%ip jumps f a /atem5t ab\t ! reproduction ( a lob/]'s claw to ! inf]5ce t a man may be born )\t a fa!r4 ,x rem9ds "o ( t wor?y cl]gyman :o introduc$ a sca?+ s]mon on a new-fangl$ v>iety ( ladies' headdress by ! appropriate text1 ,top-knot come d[n6 ,on be+ rem9d$ by "o ( 8 deacons t ! full v]se seem$ to read1 ,let him t is ^u ! h\setop n come d[n1 ! pa/or boldly ju/ifi$ 8 abridgm5t on ! gr\nd t any p>ticul> collocation ( words 9 ,scripture is z au?oritative z any o!r1 s9ce all p>ts ( ! ,bible are equally inspir$4 ,p]haps !re are "s :o w\ld ju/ify ,mr4 ,cook's peculi> pr9ciple ( abridgm5t on ! famili> gr\nd t ! end sanctifies ! means1 & t if a /atem5t seems helpful to ! tru? 9 g5]al1 x is no matt] :e!r ! /atem5t itself is true or n4 ,en\gh ( ?is4 ,if we 7 to g ?r\gh ) ^! volumes 9 detail1 we %\ld f9d little else b misrepres5tations ( facts1 misconceptions ( pr9ciples1 & floods ( tawdry rhetoric1 ( :i* ! specim5s "h quot$ are q suffici5t to illu/rate ! lectur]'s fundam5tal me?od ( proc$ure4 ,if ,i h treat$ him some:at lightly1 x is because !re is no?+ 9 8 matt] or 9 8 mann] t w\ld ju/ify1 or ev5 excuse1 a m s]i\s /yle ( treatm5t4 ,! only aspect ( 8 c>e] :i* af=ds matt] = grave reflection is ! ease ) :i* he succe$$ = a mom5t 9 impos+ on ! cr$ulity & 9 appeal+ to ! prejudices ( 8 public4 ,! eag]ness ) :i* ! or?odox _w hail$ ! appe>ance ( ?is new *ampion c\ld n b rem9d "o1 ) sad emphasis1 ( ,ox5/j]n's fam\s rem>k3 ,quam p>va sapi5tia mundus regitur6 ,x is com=t+ to rememb] t "o ( ! _w's greate/ naturali/s1 ,asa ,gray1--^: or?odoxy is z unimpea*able z 8 sci5ce1--v promptly decl>$ 9 pr9t t su* *ampion%ip is some?+ ( :i* or?odoxy has no reason to feel pr\d4 ,decemb]1 #ahhj4 ,,xiii ,,=ty ,,ye>s ,,( ,,bacon-,,%akespe>e ,,folly#cf ,"s "t ago1 :ile ,i happ5$ to be look+ ov] a :eelb>r[-load ( rubbi% writt5 to prove t su* plays z ,k+ ,le> & ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor emanat$ f "o ( ! lea/ poetical & lea/ humor\s m9ds ( mod]n times1 ,i 0 rem9d$ ( a /ory :i* ,i he>d :5 a boy4 ,i =get :e!r x 0 "s :imsical man ( lett]s l ,*>les ,lamb1 or "s su* pr(essional wag z ,!odore ,hook1 :o took x into 8 head "o day to /& /ill on a ,london /reet1 ) face turn$ upw>d1 gaz+ into ! sky4 ,!reupon ! next p]son :o came t way =?) /opp$ & did likewise1 & !n ! next1 & ! next1 until ! road 0 block$ by a d5se cr[d ( m5 & wom51 all /&+ z if root$ 9 ! gr\nd1 & ) solemn sky-w>d />e4 ,! en*antm5t 0 at la/ brok5 :5 "s "o ask$ :at !y 7 look+ at1 & nobody c\ld tell4 ,x 0 simply an in/ance ( a c]ta9 remnant ( primitive greg>i\sness ( action on ! "p ( human be+s1 :i* exhibits itself f "t to "t 9 sundry que] fa%ions & fads4 ,s :5 ,miss ,delia ,bacon1 9 ! ye> :i* saw ! beg9n+ ( ,! ,atlantic ,mon?ly1 publi%$ a book purport+ to unfold ! philosophy ( ,%akespe>e's dramas1 x 0 n long be=e o!r p]sons began />+ int5tly into ! sillie/ m>e's ne/ ev] devis$ by human dulness2 & ! fruits ( s mu* />+ h appe>$ 9 div]s ecc5tric volumes1 ( :i* m specific m5tion w pres5tly be made4 ,nei!r 9 numb] nor 9 quality are !y su* z to indicate t ! ,bacon-,%akespe>e folly has yet become fa%ionable1 & we %all pres5tly obs]ve 9 x m>k$ suicidal t5d5cies :i* are likely to prev5t its ev] becom+ s2 b !re are en\gh ( su* volumes to illu/rate ! po9t ( my anecdote4 ,ano!r fad1 once really fa%ionable1 & 9 def5ce ( :i* "s plausible argum5ts c\ld be urg$1 0 ! ,wolfian !ory ( ! ,hom]ic poems1 :i* dazzl$ s _m ( our gr&p>5ts4 ,x is wor? our :ile to m5tion x "h by way ( prelude4 ,! !ory t ! ,iliad & ,odyssey are m]e aggregations ( popul> ballads1 collect$ & arrang$ 9 ! "t ( ,pisi/ratus1 0 p]haps orig9ally sugge/$ by ! philosoph] ,vico1 b fir/ attract$ g5]al att5tion 9 #agie1 :5 set =? by ,fri$ri* ,augu/ ,wolf1 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ & brilliant ( mod]n s*ol>s4 ,?us em95tly respectable 9 its p>5tage & q reasonable on ! surface1 ?is ballad !ory came to be widely fa%ionable2 =ty ye>s ago x 0 accept$ by _m able s*ol>s1 ?\gh usually ) l>ge modifications4 ,! ,wolfians urg$ t we "k absolutely no?+ ab\t ! man ,hom]1 n ev5 :5 or :]e he liv$4 ,8 exi/5ce is m]ely matt] ( tradition1 or ( inf]5ce f ! exi/5ce ( ! poems4 ,b z ! poems "k no?+ ( ,dorians 9 ,peloponnesus1 _! date c h>dly be s late z #aajj ,b4 ,c4 ,:at happ5$1 !n1 :5 an edition ( ,hom] 0 made at ,a!ns1 ab\t #ecj ,b4 ,c41 by ,pisi/ratus1 or "u 8 ord]s8 ,did ! editor simply edit two great poems already six c5turies old1 or did he make up two poems by piec+ toge!r a miscellane\s lot ( anci5t ballads8 ,wolf ma9ta9$ ! latt] alt]native1 *iefly because ( ! alleg$ impossibility ( compos+ & pres]v+ su* long poems 9 ! alleg$ abs5ce ( ! art ( writ+4 ,hav+ ?us made a plausible />t1 ! ,wolfians proce$$ to pick ! poems to pieces1 & to prove by int]nal evid5ce t !re 0 no?+ l unity ( design 9 !m1 etc42 & s x w5t on1 till poor old ,hom] 0 relegat$ to ! _w ( my?4 ,z a s*oolboy ,i us$ to he> ! belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( su* a poet d]id$ z uncritical & uns*ol>ly4 ,9 spite ( ^! t]rify+ epi!ts1 ! ballad !ory nev] made any impression ^u me2 = x seem$ to ignore ! mo/ conspicu\s & vital fact ab\t ! poems1 namely1 ! /yle1 ! noble1 rapid1 simple1 vivid1 supremely poetical /yle1--a /yle z individual & unapproa*able z t ( ,dante or ,keats4 ,= an excell5t *>act]ization ( x1 read ,mat!w ,arnold's *>m+ essays ,on ,translat+ ,hom]4 ,! /yle is ! man1 & to suppose t ?is ,hom]ic /yle ev] came f a democratic multitude ( m9ds1 or f any?+ save "o ( ^? supremely end[$ individual natures su* z get born once or twice 9 a mill5nium1 is simply to suppose a psy*ological impossibility4 ,i rememb] once talk+ ab\t ?is ) ,george ,eliot1 :o _h lately be5 read+ ,fr$]ick ,paley's +5i\s re/atem5t ( ! ballad !ory1 & 0 captivat$ by its +5uity4 ,i told h] ,i did n wond] t old dry-z-du/ philologi/s %\ld hold su* views1 b ,i 0 inde$ surpris$ to f9d su* a lit]>y arti/ z h]self ignor+ ! impassable gulf betwe5 ,hom]'s language & t :i* any ballad !ory necess>ily implies4 ,%e _h no answ] = ?is except to say t %e %\ld h suppos$ an evolutioni/ l me w\ld pref] to reg>d ! ,hom]ic poems z gradually evolv$ r ?an sudd5ly creat$6 ,a retort s clev] & amiable mo/ surely entitl$ h] to ! woman's privilege ( ! la/ ^w4 ,! ,wolfian !ory may n[ be reg>d$ z a ?+ ( ! pa/2 x has _h its day & be5 flung aside4 ,if ,wolf himself 7 liv+1 he w\ld be ! fir/ to laugh at x4 ,its orig9al prop has be5 knock$ away1 s9ce x has become pretty cle> t ! art ( writ+ 0 practis$ ab\t ! %ores ( ! gean ,sea long be=e #aajj ,b4 ,c4 ,ev5 ,wolf w\ld n[ admit t x might h be5 a real lett] t ,bell]ophon c>ri$ to ! fa!r ( ,anteia4#cg ,all attempts to %[ a lack ( unity 9 ! design ( ! ,iliad & ! ,odyssey h fail$ irretrievably1 & ! discussion has s]v$ only to make m & m unmi/akable ! "w ( ! mighty ma/]4 ,! ballad !ory is dead & buri$1 & he :o w\ld read its obitu>y may f9d ke5 pleasure1 z well z _m a :olesome lesson 9 s\nd criticism1 9 ! s5sible & brilliant book by ,&rew ,lang on ,hom] & ! ,epic4 ,! ,bacon-,%akespe>e folly has nev] be5 set =? by s*ol>s ( comm&+ au?ority1 l ,wolf & ,la*mann1 or ,niese & ,wilam[itz ,moell5dorff4 ,among ,delia ,bacon's foll[]s n "o c by any p]missible laxity ( spee* be t]m$ a s*ol>1 & _! !ory has f\nd acceptance ) v few p]sons4 ,nev]!less1 x illu/rates z well z ! ,wolfian !ory ! way 9 :i* su* notions gr[4 ,x />ts f a false premise1 hazily conceiv$1 & x subsi/s ^u argum5ts 9 :i* trivial facts are assign$ high] value ?an facts ( vital importance4 ,mr4 ,lang's rem>k ^u c]ta9 le>n$ ,hom]ic comm5tators1 t !y pore ov] ! hyssop on ! wall1 b are bl9d to ! c$> ( ,lebanon1 applies ) t5fold =ce to ! ,bacon-,%akespe>e scioli/s4 ,9 !m we always miss ! j s5se ( proportion :i* is "o ( ! abid+ m>ks ( sanity4 ,! un=tunate lady :o fir/ br\ght _! !ory into public notoriety 9 #aheg 0 !n s9k+ "u ! c]ebral disease ( :i* %e di$ two ye>s lat]1 & h] imitators h be5 *iefly weak m9ds ( ! sort t ?rive ^u p>adox1 closely ak9 to ! circle-squ>]s & inv5tors ( p]petual motion4 ,und]ly+ all ! absurdities1 h[ev]1 !re is some?+ t des]ves att5tion4 ,l _m o!r morbid ph5om5a1 ! ,bacon-,%akespe>e folly has its natural hi/ory :i* is in/ructive4 ,! vag>ies ( ,delia ,bacon & h] foll[]s orig9at$ 9 a gr\p ( conditions :i* admit ( be+ specifi$ & describ$1 & :i* ! hi/orian ( n9ete5?-c5tury lit]ature w ne$ to notice4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! natural hi/ory ( ! affair1 x is necess>y to exam9e ! ,delia ,bacon !ory at great] l5g? ?an x w\ld o!rwise des]ve4 ,let u see h[ x is con/ruct$4 ,x />ts ) a syllogism1 ( :i* ! major premise is t ! dramas ascrib$ to ,%akespe>e dur+ 8 lifetime1 & ev] s9ce believ$ to be 81 ab\nd 9 evid5ces ( extraord9>y book-le>n+4 ,! m9or premise is t ,william ,%akespe>e ( ,/rat=d-on-,avon c\ld n h acquir$ or possess$ s mu* book-le>n+4 ,! conclusion is t he c\ld n h writt5 ^? plays4 ,! "q !n arises1 ,:i* ( ,%akespe>e's contempor>ies _h en\gh book-lore to h writt5 !m8 ,no d\bt ,francis ,bacon _h en\gh4 ,! conclusion does n foll[1 h[ev]1 t he wrote ! plays2 = !re 7 o!r contempor>ies ) le>n+ en\gh & to sp>e1 z = example ,george ,*apman & ,b5 ,jonson4 ,^! two m51 to judge f _! ackn[l$g$ works1 7 great poets1 :]eas 9 ,bacon's fifte5 volumes !re is n a p>agraph :i* betrays poetical g5ius4 ,:y n1 !n1 ascribe ! ,%akespe>e dramas to ,*apman or ,jonson8 ,"h ! ,baconiz]s endeav\r to support _! assumption by call+ att5tion to simil>ities 9 ?\ght & phrase betwe5 ,francis ,bacon & ! writ] ( ! dramas4 ,up to ?is po9t _! argum5t consi/s ( d$uctions f assum$ premises2 "h !y adduce inductive evid5ce1 su* z x is4 ,we %all see specim5s ( x by & by4 ,at pres5t we are conc]n$ ) ! initial syllogism4 ,& fir/1 z to ! major premise1 x mu/ be met ) a flat d5ial4 ,! ,%akespe>e plays d n ab\nd ) evid5ces ( s*ol>%ip or le>n+ ( ! sort t is ga!r$ f pr(\nd & accurate /udy ( books4 ,x is precisely 9 ?is respect t !y are conspicu\sly diff]5t f _m ( ! plays contempor>y ) !m1 & f o!r ma/]pieces ( ,engli% lit]ature4 ,su* plays z ,jonson's ,sejanus & ,catil9e are ! "w ( a s*ol> deeply indoctr9at$ ) ! views & m5tal habits ( classic antiquity2 he has soak$ himself 9 ! /yle ( ,lucan & ,s5eca1 until _! m5tal peculi>ities h become l a second nature to him1 & are unconsci\sly betray$ alike 9 ! g5]al h&l+ ( 8 /ory & 9 little turns ( expression4 ,or take ,milton's ,lycidas3 no "o b a man saturat$ 9 e fibre ) ,!ocritus & ,virgil c\ld h writt5 su* a poem4 ,an extremely =eign & artificial lit]>y =m has be5 s completely ma/]$ & assimilat$ by ,milton t he uses x ) z mu* ease z ,!ocritus himself1 & has produc$ a "w t ev5 ! ma/] ( idyls _h sc>cely equall$4 ,aft] ! t]rific invective aga9/ ! cl]gy & ! beautiful invocation to ! fl[]s1 foll[$ by ! triumphant hallelujah ( ,*ri/ian fai?1 obs]ve ! sudd5 rev]sion to pagan s5tim5t :]e ,lycidas is address$ z ! g5ius ( ! %ore4 ,only pr(\nd s*ol>%ip c\ld h writt5 ?is wond]ful poem1--c\ld h br\ght =? ! ,*ri/ian ?\ght z if spontane\sly ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! pagan =m4 ,n[ !re is no?+ ( ?is sort 9 ,%akespe>e4 ,he uses classical mat]ials1 or any?+ else "u ! sun t suits 8 purpose4 ,he takes a *ronicle f ,hol9%$1 a biography f ,nor?'s translation ( ,plut>*1 a leg5d f ,saxo ,grammaticus ?r\gh ,belle=e/'s ,fr5* v]sion1 a novel ( ,boccaccio1 a miracle play1--:atev] /rikes 8 fancy2 he *ops up 8 mat]ials & weaves !m into a /ory )\t mu* reg>d to classical models2 defy+ rules ( ord] & unity1 & n always he$+ probability1 b nev] =getful ( 8 abid+ purpose1 to create live m5 & wom54 ,^! p may h ,greek or ,lat9 names1 & _! sc5e ( action may be ,rome or ,mityl5e1 decorat$ ) scraps ( classical k su* z a bright man might pick up 9 miscellane\s read+2 b all ?is is ! sup]ficial sett+1 ! m]e frame to ! picture4 ,! liv+ canvas is human nature z ,%akespe>e saw x 9 ,london & depict$ ) supreme poetic faculty4 ,among ! new books )9 8 rea* 0 ,*apman's magnific5t translation ( ! ,iliad1 :i* at a lat] day inspir$ ,keats to su* a noble outbur/ ( encomium2 & 9 ,troilus & ,cressida we h ! ,greek & ,trojan h]oes set be=e u ) an incisive reality n surpass$ by ,hom] himself4 ,?is play %[s h[ ke5ly ,%akespe>e appreciat$ ,hom]1 h[ delicately & exquisitely he c\ld supplem5t ! picture2 b !re is no?+ 9 its five acts t %[s him clo!d 9 ! g>m5t ( anci5t ?\ght z ,milton wore x4 ,%akespe>e's fre$om f su* lore is a great advantage to him2 9 ,troilus & ,cressida !re is a fre$om ( treatm5t h>dly possible to a pr(essional s*ol>4 ,x is because ( ?is fre$om t ,%akespe>e rea*es a f> wid] public ( read]s & li/5]s ?an ,milton or ,dante1 ^: va/ le>n+ makes !m 9 _m places cavi>e to ! g5]al4 ,book-lore is a great s\rce ( p[]1 b "o may easily be hamp]$ by x4 ,:at we =ev] love 9 ,hom] is ! fre%ness t comes ) lack ( x1 & 9 ?is sort ( fre%ness ,%akespe>e agrees ) ,hom] f> m ?an ) ! le>n$ poets4 ,x is n = a mom5t to be d5i$ t ,%akespe>e's plays exhibit a rem>kable weal? ( v>i$ k4 ,! writ] 0 "o ( ! ke5e/ obs]v]s t ev] liv$4 ,9 ! woodl& or on ! f>m1 9 ! pr9t+ %op or ! aleh\se1 or up & d[n ! /reet1 n ! smalle/ detail escap$ him4 ,microscopic accuracy1 curi\s int]e/ 9 all ?+s1 unlimit$ p[] ( assimilat+ k1 are ev]y:]e %[n 9 ! plays4 ,^! are "s ( ! m>ks ( :at we call g5ius1--some?+ t we are f> f compreh5d+1 b :i* exp]i5ce has %[n t books & univ]sities _c imp>t4 ,all ! colleges on e>? c\ld n by comb9$ ef=t make ! k9d ( man we call a g5ius1 b su* a man may at any mom5t be born into ! _w1 & x is z likely to be 9 a peasant's cottage z any:]e4 ,!re is no?+ 9 :i* m5 diff] m widely ?an 9 ! capacity = imbib+ & assimilat+ k4 ,! capacity is (t5 ex]cis$ unconsci\sly4 ,:5 my elde/ son1 at ! age ( six1 0 taught to read 9 ! c\rse ( a few weeks ( daily in/ruction1 x 0 sudd5ly discov]$ t 8 f\r-ye>-old bro!r also c\ld read4 ,nobody c\ld tell h[ x happ5$4 ,( c\rse ! y\ng] boy mu/ h tak5 ke5 notice ( :at ! eld] "o 0 do+1 b ! process w5t on )\t attract+ att5tion until ! result appe>$4 ,?is capacity = unconsci\s le>n+ is n at all uncommon4 ,x is possess$ to "s ext5t by ev]ybody2 b a v high degree ( x is "o ( ! m>ks ( g5ius4 ,i rememb] "o ev5+1 _m ye>s ago1 he>+ ,h]b]t ,sp5c] 9 a fri5dly discussion reg>d+ c]ta9 functions ( ! c]ebellum4 ,ab/ruse po9ts ( comp>ative anatomy & que/ions ( pa?ology 7 involv$4 ,sp5c]'s ?ree antagoni/s 7 n viol5tly oppos$ to him1 b 7 9 v>i\s degrees unready to adopt 8 views4 ,! ?ree 73 ,huxley1 "o ( ! greate/ ( comp>ative anatomi/s2 ,hughl+s ,jackson1 a v em95t au?ority on ! pa?ology ( ! n]v\s sy/em2 & ,george ,h5ry ,lewes1 :o1 al?\gh m ( an amateur 9 su* matt]s1 _h nev]!less devot$ ye>s ( /udy to neural physiology1 & 0 ?or\ghly famili> ) ! hi/ory ( ! subject4 ,sp5c] m ?an held 8 gr\nd aga9/ ! o!rs4 ,he met fact ) fact1 br\ght up po9ts 9 anatomy ! significance ( :i* ,huxley confess$ t he _h ov]look$1 & _h m exp]im5ts & cl9ical cases at 8 tongue's end ?an ,jackson c\ld mu/]4 ,x 0 q evid5t t he knew all !y knew on ! subject1 & m besides4 ,yet ,sp5c] _h nev] be5 ?r\gh a c\rse ( regul> tra9+ 9 ! /udies conc]n$2 nor _h he ev] /udi$ at a univ]sity1 or ev5 at a high s*ool4 ,:]e did he le>n ! wond]ful mass ( facts :i* he p\r$ =? t ev5+8 ,:5ce came 8 trem5d\s grasp ^u ! pr9ciples involv$8 ,probably he c\ld n h told y4 ,a few days aft]w>d ,i happ5$ to be talk+ ) ,sp5c] ab\t hi/ory1 a subject ( :i* he mode/ly said he knew b little4 ,i told him ,i _h (t5 be5 /ruck ) ! aptness ( ! hi/oric illu/rations cit$ 9 _m *apt]s ( 8 ,social ,/atics1 writt5 :5 he 0 tw5ty-n9e ye>s old4 ,! ref]5ces 7 n only always accurate1 b !y %[$ an intellig5ce & s\ndness ( judgm5t unatta9able1 "o w\ld ?9k1 save by close famili>ity ) hi/ory4 ,sp5c] assur$ me t he _h nev] read ext5sively 9 hi/ory4 ,:5ce1 !n1 ?is weal? ( k1--n smatt]+1 n sciolism1 b solid1 well-dige/$ k8 ,really1 he did n "k1 except t :5 8 int]e/ 0 ar\s$ 9 any subject he 0 ke5ly alive to all facts be>+ ^u x1 & seem$ to f9d !m :i*ev] way he turn$4 ,:5 ,i m5tion$ ?is to ,lewes1 :ile recall+ ! discussion on ! c]ebellum1 he exclaim$3 ,oh1 y c't acc\nt = x6 ,x's 8 g5ius4 ,sp5c] has great] in/9ctive p[] ( obs]vation & assimilation ?an any man s9ce ,%akespe>e1 & he is l ,%akespe>e = hitt+ ! bull's-eye e "t he fires4 ,z = ,d>w9 & ,huxley1 we c foll[ _! intellectual processes1 b ,sp5c] is above & beyond all2 he is inspir$6 ,^? 7 ,lewes's exact words1 & !y made a deep impression ^u me4 ,! comp>ison ) ,%akespe>e /ruck me z a happy "o1 & ,i c und]/& bo? ,sp5c] & ,%akespe>e ! bett] = x4 ,conc]n+ ,sp5c] "o circum/ance may be obs]v$4 ,s9ce 8 e>ly manhood he has liv$ 9 ,london1 & has _h = 8 daily associates m5 ( va/ atta9m5ts 9 e dep>tm5t ( sci5ce4 ,he has ?us _h r>e opportunities = absorb+ an imm5se fund ( k unconsci\sly4 ,x is evid5t t ! au?or ( ,%akespe>e's plays possess$ an extraord9>y in/9ctive p[] ( obs]vation & assimilation4 ,!re 0 no?+ /range 9 su* a g5ius gr[+ up 9 a small ,w>wick%ire t[n4 ,! difficulty is "o :i* ! ,delia-,baconians h creat$ = !mselves4 ,z x is _! *ief /ock 9 trade1 !y magnify x 9 e way !y c ?9k (4 ,%akespe>e's p>5ts1 !y say1 7 illit]ate1 & he did n "k h[ to spell 8 own "n4 ,x appe>s z ,%agsp]e1 ,%axpur1 ,%axb]d1 ,*acsp]1 & s on ?r\gh "s ?irty =ms1 sev]al ( :i* ,william ,%akespe>e himself us$ indiff]5tly4 ,! implication is t su* a man mu/ h be5 %ock+ly ignorant4 ,! real ignorance1 h[ev]1 is on ! "p ( ^? :o use su* an argum5t4 ,app>5tly1 !y d n "k t 9 ,%akespe>e's "t su* laxity 9 spell+ 0 common 9 all ranks ( society & 9 all grades ( culture4 ,! "n ( ,elizabe?'s great ,"l ,treasur]1 ,cecil1 & 8 title1 ,burghley1 7 bo? spell$ 9 half a doz5 ways4 ,! "n ( ,raleigh occurs 9 m ?an =ty diff]5t =ms1 & ,sir ,walt]1 "o ( ! mo/ accompli%$ m5 ( 8 "t1 wrote x ,rauley1 ,rawleyghe1 ,ralegh1 & 9 yet o!r ways4 ,! talk ( ! ,baconiz]s on ?is po9t is simply ludicr\s4 ,equally silly is _! talk ab\t ! dirty /reets ( ,/rat=d4 ,!y seem to h j discov]$ t ,elizabe?'s ,engl& 0 a badly dra9$ c\ntry1 ) heaps ( g>bage 9 ! /reets4 ,%akespe>e's fa!r1 !y tell u1 0 a but*]1 & evid5tly f a but*]'s son1 liv+ 9 an ill-swept t[n1 & c>eless ab\t ! spell+ ( 8 "n1 n mu* 9 ! way ( intellectual a*ievem5t 0 to be expect$6 ,9 po9t ( fact1 ,%akespe>e's p>5ts belong$ to ! middle class4 ,8 fa!r own$ sev]al h\ses 9 ,/rat=d & two or ?ree f>ms 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,z a f>m] 9 ^? days1 he w\ld naturally h cattle slaught]$ on 8 premises & w\ld sell wool (f ! backs ( 8 own flocks1 :5ce ! lat] tradition ( 8 hav+ be5 but*] & wool deal]4 ,t 8 social position 0 good is %[n by ! facts t he 0 *ief ald]man & high bailiff ( ,/rat=d1 & ju/ice ( ! peace1 & 0 /yl$ ,ma/] ,john ,%akespe>e1 or 7z we %\ld say7 ,mr42 :]eas1 _h he be5 "o ( ! common folk1 8 /yle _h be5 ,goodman ,%akespe>e4 ,a visit to 8 home 9 ,h5ley ,/reet1 & to ,anne ,ha?away's cottage at ,%ott]y1 %[s t ! two families 7 9 em95tly respectable circum/ances4 ,! son ( ! high bailiff w\ld see ! be/ p 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,!re 0 9 ! t[n a rem>kably good free gramm> s*ool1 :]e he might h le>n$ ! small ,lat9 & less ,greek :i* 8 fri5d ,b5 ,jonson assures u he possess$4 ,?is expression1 by ! way1 is usually misund]/ood1 because p d n pause to consid] x4 ,com+ f ,b5 ,jonson1 ,i %\ld say t small ,lat9 & less ,greek might fairly describe ! am\nt ( ^? languages ord9>ily possess$ by a memb] ( ! graduat+ class at ,h>v>d 9 good /&+4 ,x c h>dly imply less ?an ! ability to read ,t]5ce at sight1 & p]haps ,euripides less flu5tly4 ,! au?or ( ! plays1 ) 8 un]r+ accuracy ( obs]vation1 kn[s ,lat9 en\gh at lea/ to use ! ,lat9 "p ( ,engli% mo/ skilfully2 at ! same "t1 :5 he has occasion to use ,greek au?ors1 su* z ,hom] or ,plut>*1 he usually pref]s an ,engli% translation4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,jonson's rem>k in=ms u t ! man :om he addresses z sweet swan ( ,avon knew "s ,lat9 & "s ,greek1--a conclusion :i* is s di/a/eful to "o ( our ,baconiz]s1 ,mr4 ,edw9 ,re$1 t he w n admit x4 ,r ?an d s1 he has ! assurance to ask u to believe t by ! epi!t sweet swan ( ,avon ,jonson really meant ,francis ,bacon6 ,de> me1 ,mr4 ,re$1 d y really mean x8 ,& h[ ab\t ! editor ( ,beaumont & ,flet*] 9 #afdg1 :51 9 8 d$ication to ,%akespe>e's fri5d ! ,e>l ( ,pembroke1 he speaks ( ,sweet ,swan ( ,avon ,%akespe>8 ,0 he too a p>ticipator 9 ! little s*eme = fool+ po/]ity8 ,or 0 he "o ( ^? :o 7 fool$8 ,:e!r ,%akespe>e _h o!r *ances = book-lore ?an ^? :i* ! gramm> s*ool af=d$1 :e!r !re 0 any int]e/+ p>son at h&1 z (t5 9 small t[ns1 to guide & /imulate 8 unfold+ ?\ghts1--^u su* po9ts we h no in=mation4 ,b !re 7 ?+s to be le>n$ 9 ! c\ntry t[n q outside ( books & p$agogues4 ,!re1 :ile ! poet li/5$ to ! /ra9 ( /rutt+ *anticle]1 & wat*$ ! sun-burn'd sicklem51 ( ,augu/ we>y1 putt+ on _! rye-/raw hats & mak+ holiday ) ru/ic nymphs1 he c\ld rejoice 9 ,e>?'s increase1 foison pl5ty1 ,b>ns & g>n]s nev] empty2 ,v9es ) clu/'r+ bun*es gr[+2 ,plants ) goodly bur!n b[+2 !re he c\ld see ! unback$ colts prick _! e>s1 advance _! eyelids1 lift up _! noses1 z if !y smelt music2 !re he knew1 d\btless1 _m a bank :]e ! wild ?yme grew & on :i* ! moonlight sweetly slept2 !re he wat*$ ! com+ ( violets dim1 pale primroses1 fl[]-de-luce1 c>nations1 ) rosem>y & rue to keep _! sav\r all ! w9t] long1 ,:5 icicles hang by ! wall1 ,& ,dick ! %eph]d bl[s 8 nail1 ,& ,tom be>s logs into ! hall1 ,& milk comes froz5 home 9 pail4 ,su* lore z ?is no books or college c\ld imp>t4 ,x 0 ?is t ,milton _h 9 m9d :5 he introduc$ ,%akespe>e & ,b5 ,jonson into 8 poem ,l',allegro4 ,milton 0 9 8 ?irtie? ye> :5 ,jonson1 poet laureate1 0 laid to re/ 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey2 he 0 only a boy ( eight ye>s :5 ,%akespe>e di$1 b ! beautiful sonnet writt5 f\rte5 ye>s lat] %[s h[ lov+ly he /udi$ 8 works3-- ,:at ne$s my ,%akespe>e1 = 8 hon\r$ bones1 etc4 ,! poem ,l',allegro & its fell[ ,il ,p5s]oso describe ! delights ( ,milton's life at 8 fa!r's c\ntry h\se ne> ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,he us$ (t5 to ride into ,london to he> music or pass an ev5+ at ! !atre1 z 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- ,!n to ! well-trod /age anon1 ,if ,jonson's le>n$ sock be on1 ,or sweete/ ,%akespe>e1 fancy's *ild1 ,w>ble 8 native woodnotes wild4 ,?is accurate & happy contra/ exasp]ates ! ,baconiz]s1 = x spoils _! /ock 9 trade1 & accord+ly !y try _! be/ to assure u t ,milton did n "k :at he 0 writ+ ab\t4 ,!y assev]ate ) vehem5ce t 9 all ! sev5-&-?irty plays !re is no su* ?+ z a native woodnote wild4 ,b be=e leav+ ! contra/ we may pause = a mom5t to ask1 ,:]e did ,b5 ,jonson get 8 le>n+8 ,he 01 z he himself tells u1 poorly br\ght up by 8 /epfa!r1 a bricklay]4 ,he w5t to ,we/m9/] ,s*ool1 :]e he 0 taught by ,camd51 & he may h sp5t a %ort "t at ,cambridge1 ?\gh ?is is d\btful4 ,8 s*ool+ 0 nipp$ 9 ! bud1 = he _h to g home & lay brick2 & :5 he f\nd su* an exi/5ce insupportable he w5t into ! army & f\ght 9 ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,at ab\t ! age ( tw5ty we f9d him back 9 ,london1 & !re lose sight ( him = five ye>s1 :5 all at once 8 great com$y ,e ,man 9 8 ,hum\r is p]=m$1 & makes him fam\s4 ,n[1 9 su* a life1 :5 did ,jonson get ! "t = 8 imm5se read+ & 8 f9i%$ classical s*ol>%ip8 ,reason+ aft] ! mann] ( ! ,delia-,baconians1 we may safely say t he c\ld n possibly h accumulat$ ! le>n+ :i* is %[n 9 8 plays3 !re=e he c\ld n h writt5 ^? plays2 !re=e ,"l ,bacon mu/ h writt5 !m6 ,!re are d>+ so>]s 9 ! empyrean :o d n %r9k f ?is conclusion2 a doctor 9 ,mi*igan1 nam$ ,ow51 has publi%$ a pamphlet to prove1 among o!r ?+s1 t ,bacon 0 ! au?or ( ! plays :i* 7 p]=m$ & pr9t$ z ,jonson's4 ,to return to ,%akespe>e4 ,some:]e ab\t #aehe1 :5 he 0 "o-&-tw5ty1 he w5t to ,london1 leav+ 8 wife & ?ree "y *ildr5 at ,/rat=d4 ,8 fa!r _h lo/ money1 & ! =tunes ( ! family 7 at ! l[e/ ebb4 ,9 ,london we lose sight ( ,%akespe>e = a :ile1 j z we lose sight ( ,jonson1 until lit]>y works appe>4 ,! "w fir/ publi%$ is ,v5us & ,adonis1 "o ( ! mo/ exquisite pieces ( diction 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,x 0 d$icat$ to ,h5ry1 ,e>l ( ,s\?ampton1 by ,william ,%akespe>e1 ^: au?or%ip ( ! poem is ass]t$ z di/9ctly z ! title-page ( ,david ,copp]field proclaims t novel to be by ,*>les ,dick5s1 yet "s preci\s critics assure u t ,%akespe>e c\ld n h writt5 ! poem1 & nev] knew ! ,e>l ( ,s\?ampton4 ,"s ye>s ago1 ,mr4 ,appleton ,morgan1 :o does n wi% to be reg>d$ z a ,baconiz]1 publi%$ an essay on ! ,w>wick%ire dialect1 9 :i* he ma9ta9$ t s9ce no traces ( t k9d ( spee* occur 9 ,v5us & ,adonis1 !re=e x c\ld n h be5 writt5 by a "y man fre% f a small ,w>wick%ire t[n4 ,?is is a specim5 ( ! loose k9d ( criticism :i* prep>es soil = ,delia-,baconian we$s to gr[ 94 ,! poem 0 publi%$ 9 #aeic1 sev5 or eight ye>s aft] ,%akespe>e's com+ to ,london2 & we are ask$ to believe t ! _w's greate/ g5ius1 "o ( ! mo/ consummate ma/]s ( spee* t ev] liv$1 c\ld t>ry sev5 ye>s 9 ! city )\t le>n+ h[ to write :at ,hosea ,bigl[ calls citifi$ ,engli%6 ,"o c only exclaim ) ,glo/]1 ,o mon/r\s fault1 to h>b\r su* a ?\ght6 ,9 ^? ye>s ,%akespe>e surely le>n$ mu* else4 ,x seems cle> t he _h a good read+ acqua9tance ) ,fr5* & ,italian1 ?\gh he (t5 uses translations1 z = in/ance ,florio's v]sion ( ,montaigne4 ,9 e/imat+ :at ,%akespe>e mu/ h kn[n or c\ld n h kn[n1 "o ne$s to use m caution ?an "s ( our critics display4 ,= example1 9 ,! ,w9t]'s ,tale ! /atue ( ,h]mione is call$ a piece 444 n[ newly p]=m$ by t r>e ,italian ma/]1 ,julio ,romano4 ,n[1 s9ce ,romano is kn[n z a great pa9t]1 b n z a sculptor1 ?is has be5 cit$ z a blund] on ,%akespe>e's "p4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 t ! fir/ edition ( ,vas>i's ,lives ( ! ,pa9t]s1 publi%$ 9 #aeej & nev] translat$ f its orig9al ,italian1 in=ms u t ,romano did "w 9 sculpture4 ,9 ,vas>i's second edition1 publi%$ 9 #aefh & translat$ into sev]al languages1 ?is in=mation is n giv54 ,f ^! facts1 ! erudite ,g]man critic ,dr4 ,k>l ,elze1 :o is n a bit ( a ,delia-,baconian1 b only an occasional suff]] f vesania comm5tatorum1 introduces u to a solemn dilemma3 ei!r ! au?or ( ,! ,w9t]'s ,tale mu/ h consult$ ! fir/ edition ( ,vas>i 9 ! orig9al ,italian1 or else he mu/ h travell$ 9 ,italy & gaz$ ^u /atues by ,romano4 ,ah6 pri!e n s fa/1 wor?y doctor2 be n s lavi% ) ^! mu/s4 ,x is1 ,i ?9k1 improbable t ,%akespe>e ev] saw ,italy except ) ! eyes ( 8 imp]ial fancy4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re are _m indications t he c\ld read ,italian1 b among !m we _c atta* mu* importance to ?is "o4 ,:y %\ld he n h le>n$ f he>say t ,romano _h made /atues8 ,9 ! "n ( common s5se1 are !re no s\rces ( k save books8 ,or1 s9ce x 0 no unusual ?+ = ,italian pa9t]s 9 ! sixte5? c5tury to excel 9 sculpture & ar*itecture1 :y %\ld n ,%akespe>e h assum$ )\t v]ification t x 0 s 9 ,romano's case8 ,x 0 a tol]ably safe assumption to make1 especially 9 an age utt]ly c>eless ( hi/orical accuracy1 & 9 a com$y :i* provides ,bohemia ) a sea-coa/1 & mixes up times & cu/oms ) z scant he$ ( probability z a fairy tale4 ,9 argu+ ab\t :at ,%akespe>e mu/ h or c\ld n h kn[n1 we mu/ n =get t at no "t or place s9ce hi/ory began has human ?\ght f]m5t$ m briskly ?an 9 ,london :ile he 0 liv+ !re4 ,! age ( ,drake & ,raleigh 0 an age ( effloresc5ce 9 dramatic poetry1 su* z _h n be5 se5 9 ! tw5ty c5turies s9ce ,euripides di$4 ,among ,%akespe>e's fell[ craftsm5 7 writ]s ( su* great & v>i$ end[m5ts z ,*apman1 ,m>l[e1 ,gre5e1 ,na%1 ,peele1 ,m>/on1 ,dekk]1 ,web/]1 & ,cyril ,t\rneur4 ,dur+ 8 e>li] ye>s 9 ,london1 ,ri*>d ,hook] 0 ma/] ( ! ,middle ,temple1 & !re a little lat] ,=d & ,beaumont 7 /udy+4 ,! erudite ,camd5 0 ma/] ( ,we/m9/] ,s*ool2 among ! lights ( ! age = legal le>n+ 7 ,edw>d ,coke & ,francis ,bacon2 at ! same "t1 "o might h met 9 ,london ! le>n$ ar*itect ,inigo ,jones & ! le>n$ poet ,john ,donne1 bo? ( !m excell5t classical s*ol>s2 !re "o w\ld h f\nd ! div9e poet ,edmund ,sp5s]1 j come ov] f ,irel& to see to ! publication ( 8 ,fa]ie ,que5e2 n long aft]w>d came ,john ,flet*] f ,cambridge1 & ! acute philosoph] ,edw>d ,h]b]t f ,ox=d & "o & all might li/5 to ! incomp>able table-talk ( t giant ( s*ol>%ip1 ,john ,seld54 ,! delights ( ! ,m]maid ,tav]n1 :]e ^! r>e wits 7 wont to assemble1 /ill live 9 tradition4 ,z ,keats says3-- ,s\ls ( poets dead & gone1 ,:at ,elysium h ye kn[n1 ,happy field or mossy cav]n1 ,*oic] ?an ! ,m]maid ,tav]n8 ,x has always be5 believ$ t ?is place 0 "o ( ,%akespe>e's fav\rite haunts4 ,by common cons5t ( s*ol>s1 x has be5 accept$ z ! sc5e ( ^? conte/s ( wit betwe5 ,%akespe>e & ,jonson ( :i* ,full] tells u :5 he comp>es ,jonson to a ,spani% galleon1 built high ) le>n+1 b sl[ 9 movem5t1 :ile he lik5s ,%akespe>e to an ,engli% cruis]1 less heavily weight$1 b apt = victory because ( its nimbl5ess1--! same k9d ( contra/1 by ! way1 z t :i* occurr$ to ,milton4 ,b our ,baconiz+ fri5ds w n all[ t ,%akespe>e ev] w5t to ! ,m]maid1 or knew ! p :o met !re2 at lea/1 none b a few fell[ dramati/s4 ,we h no docum5t>y pro( t he ev] met ) ,raleigh1 or ,bacon1 or ,seld54 ,let u obs]ve t1 :ile ^! sapi5t critics are 9 "s cases ready to welcome ! slighte/ circum/antial evid5ce1 !re are o!rs 9 :i* !y w accept no?+ %ort ( absolute demon/ration4 ,did ,%akespe>e ev] see a maypole8 ,! ^w occurs j once 9 8 plays1 namely1 9 ! ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream1 :]e little ,h]mia1 qu>rell+ ) tall ,hel5a1 calls h] a pa9t$ maypole2 b t proves no?+4 ,i am n aw>e t !re is any absolute docum5t>y pro( t ,%akespe>e ev] set eyes on a maypole4 ,x is nev]!less c]ta9 t 9 ,engl&1 at t "t1 no boy c\ld gr[ to manhood )\t see+ _m a maypole4 ,common s5se has "s rights :i* we are b\nd to respect4 ,n[1 ,%akespe>e's ,london 0 a small city ( f #aej1jjj to #bjj1jjj s\ls1 or ab\t ! size ( ,provid5ce or ,m9neapolis at ! pres5t "t4 ,9 cities ( su* size1 ev]ybody ( ! slighte/ em95ce is kn[n all ov] t[n1 & su* p]sons are sure to be m or less acqua9t$ ) "o ano!r2 x is a v r>e exception :5 x is n s4 ,be=e 8 ?irtie? ye>1 ,%akespe>e 0 well kn[n 9 ,london z an actor1 a writ] ( plays1 & ! manag] ( a prom95t !atre4 ,x 0 9 t ye> t ,sp5s]1 9 8 ,col9 ,cl\t's ,come ,home ,aga91 allud+ to ,%akespe>e "u ! "n ( ,ation1 or eagle-l1 paid him ?is complim5t3-- ,& !re1 ?\gh la/1 n lea/1 is ,ation2 ,a g5tl] %eph]d may n[h]e be f\nd2 ,^: muse1 full ( high ?\ght's inv5tion1 ,do?1 l himself1 h]oically s\nd4 ,f\r ye>s aft] ?is1 9 #aeih1 ,francis ,m]es publi%$ 8 book entitl$ ,palladis ,tamia1 a v int]e/+ contribution to lit]>y hi/ory4 ,! au?or1 :o _h be5 an in/ructor 9 rhetoric 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1 0 !n liv+ 9 ,london1 ne> ! ,globe ,!atre4 ,9 ?is book ,m]es tells 8 read]s t ! sweet witty s\l ( ,ovid lives 9 melliflu\s & honey-tongu$ ,%akespe>e2 witness 8 ',v5us & ,adonis1' 8 ',lucrece1' 8 sug>$ sonnets among 8 private fri5ds1 etc4444 ,z ,plautus & ,s5eca are acc\nt$ ! be/ = com$y & trag$y among ! ,lat9s1 s ,%akespe>e among ! ,engli% is ! mo/ excell5t 9 bo? k9ds = ! /age3 = com$y1 witness 8 ',g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona1' 8 ',errors1' 8 ',love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1' 8 ',love's ,lab\r's ,wonne1'#ch 8 ',midsumm] ,night's ,dream1' & 8 ',m]*ant ( ,v5ice2' = trag$y1 8 ',ri*>d ,,ii41' ',ri*>d ,,iii41' ',h5ry ,,iv41' ',k+ ,john1' ',titus ,&ronicus1' & 8 ',romeo & ,juliet4' ,z ,epius ,/olo said t ! ,muses w\ld speak ) ,plautus's tongue if !y w\ld speak ,lat91 s ,i say t ! ,muses w\ld speak ) ,%akespe>e's f9e fil$ phrase if !y w\ld speak ,engli%4 ,9 o!r passages ,m]es m5tions ,%akespe>e's lyrical quality1 = :i* he lik5s him to ,p9d> & ,catullus2 & ! glory ( 8 /yle1 = :i* he places him along ) ,virgil & ,hom]4 ,x ?us appe>s t1 at ! age ( ?irty-f\r1 ?is poet f ,/rat=d 0 already rank$ by critical s*ol>s by ! side ( ! greate/ names ( antiquity4 ,let me add t ! popul>ity ( 8 plays 0 mak+ him a some:at weal?y man1 s t he _h reliev$ 8 fa!r f pecuni>y tr\bles1 & _h j b\ght = himself ! ,great ,h\se at ,/rat=d :]e ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life 7 sp5t4 ,8 income seems already to h be5 equival5t to #aj1jjj a ye> 9 our mod]n money4 ,8 position _h come to be su* t he c\ld ext5d patronage to o!rs4 ,x 0 9 #aeih t ?r\gh 8 influ5ce ,b5 ,jonson obta9$1 aft] _m rebuffs1 8 fir/ he>+ be=e a ,london audi5ce1 :5 ,e ,man 9 8 ,hum\r 0 br\ght out at ,blackfri>s ,!atre1 ) ,%akespe>e act+ "o ( ! p>ts4 ,to suppose t su* a man z ?is1 9 a t[n ! size ( ,m9neapolis1 connect$ ) a pr9cipal !atre1 writ] ( ! mo/ popul> plays ( ! day1 a poet :om m5 7 already c\pl+ ) ,hom] & ,p9d>1--to suppose t su* a man 0 n kn[n to all ! educat$ p 9 ! t[n is simply absurd4 ,!re 7 probably v few m51 wom51 or *ildr5 9 ,london1 betwe5 #aeie & #afaj1 :o did n "k :o ,%akespe>e 0 :5 he pass$ !m 9 ! /reet2 & z = su* wits z drank ale & sack at ! ,m]maid1 z = ,raleigh & ,bacon & ,seld5 & ! re/1 to suppose t ,%akespe>e did n "k !m well--nay1 to suppose t he 0 n ! lead+ _s & brighte/ wit ( ^? ambrosial nights--is ab\t z s5sible z to suppose t he nev] saw a maypole4 ,! facts ?us f> contemplat$ po9t to "o conclusion4 ,! son ( a well-to-d magi/rate 9 a small c\ntry t[n is born ) a g5ius :i* ! _w has nev] se5 surpass$4 ,com+ to ,london at ! age ( tw5ty-"o1 he a*ieves su* swift success t )9 ?irte5 ye>s he is recogniz$ z "o ( ! *ief glories ( ,engli% lit]ature4 ,dur+ ?is "t he is liv+ 9 ! mid/ ( su* a p]iod ( intellectual f]m5t z ! _w has seldom se51 & 9 a position :i* necess>ily br+s him into frequ5t contact ) all ! mo/ cultivat$ m54 ,"u su* circum/ances1 !re is no?+ 9 ! smalle/ degree /range or surpris+ 9 8 acquir+ ! v>i$ k :i* 8 plays exhibit4 ,! major premise ( ! ,delia-,baconians has1 !re=e1 no?+ 9 x :atev]4 ,x is a m]e bubble1 an empty vag>y1--only ?is1 & no?+ m4 ,be=e leav+ ?is "p ( ! subject1 h[ev]1 !re are /ill "o or two po9ts ( int]e/ to be m5tion$4 ,%akespe>e %[s a fondness = ! use ( phrases & illu/rations tak5 f ! law2 & on su* gr\nds our ,delia-,baconians argue t ! plays mu/ h be5 writt5 by an em95t lawy]1 su* z ! ,"l ,*ancellor ,bacon und\bt$ly 04 ,!y feel t ?is is a great po9t on _! side4 ,"o in/ance1 cit$ by ,na?aniel ,holmes & o!r ,baconiz]s1 is ! celebrat$ case ( ,sir ,james ,hales1 :o committ$ suicide by dr[n+1 & 0 accord+ly buri$ at ! junction ( crossroads1 ) a /ake ?r\gh 8 body1 :ile all 8 prop]ty 0 =feit$ to ! ,cr[n4 ,pres5tly 8 wid[ br\ght suit = an e/ate by survivor%ip 9 jo9t-t5ancy4 ,h] case turn$ ^u ! "q :e!r ! =feiture occurr$ dur+ h] late husb&'s lifetime3 if x did1 he left no e/ate :i* %e c\ld take2 if x did n1 %e took ! e/ate by survivor%ip4 ,! lady's c\nsel argu$ t s long z ,sir ,james 0 alive he _h n be5 guilty ( suicide1 & ! in/ant he di$ ! e/ate ve/$ 9 8 wid[ z jo9t-t5ant4 ,b ! oppos+ c\nsel argu$ t ! in/ant ,sir ,james volunt>ily made ! fatal plunge1 & !re=e be=e ! brea? _h left 8 body1 ! guilt ( suicide 0 incurr$ & ! =feiture took place4 ,! c\rt decid$ 9 fav\r ( ?is view1 & ! wid[ got no?+4 ,!re c be little d\bt t ?is decision is trave/i$ 9 ! conv]sation ( ! two cl[ns 9 ,hamlet ) reg>d to ,ophelia's "r to ,*ri/ian burial4 ,! fir/ cl[n makes precisely ! po9t ^u :i* ! +5i\s c\nsel = ! def5dant _h re/$ 8 argum5t3 ,if ,i dr[n myself witt+ly1 x argues an act1 & an act ha? ?ree bran*es2 x is to act1 to d1 & to p]=m4 ,9 mak+ ?is di/9ction ! c\nsel _h ma9ta9$ t ! second bran*1 or ! do+1 0 ! only ?+ = ! law to consid]4 ,! talk ( ! cl[ns br+s out ! hum\r ( ! case ) ,%akespe>e's inimitable lightness ( t\*4 ,! report ( ! ,hales case 0 publi%$ 9 ! volume ( ,pl[d5's ,reports :i* 0 issu$ 9 #aegh2 & ,mr4 ,holmes in=ms u t !re is n ! slighte/ gr\nd = a belief1 on ! facts :i* we "k1 t ,%akespe>e ev] look$ into ',pl[d5's ,reports4' ,?is is "o ( ! cases :]e y\r /]n ,baconiz] w n he> ( any?+ %ort ( absolute demon/ration4 ,m]e consid]ations ( human probability might di/urb ! cog5cy ( a neat little pair ( syllogisms3-- 7#a47 ,! au?or ( ,hamlet mu/ h read ,pl[d54 ,%akespe>e nev] read ,pl[d54 ,!re=e ,%akespe>e 0 n ! au?or ( ,hamlet4 7#b47 ,! au?or ( ,hamlet mu/ h read ,pl[d54 ,! lawy]1 ,bacon1 mu/ h read ,pl[d54 ,!re=e ,bacon wrote ,hamlet4 ,) reg>d to ! major premise "h1 "o might freely d5y x4 ,! au?or ( ,hamlet might easily h got all ! k involv$ f an ev5+ *at ) "s legal fri5d at an aleh\se4 ,!n z to ! m9or premise1 :at e>?ly improbability is !re 9 ,%akespe>e's hav+ dipp$ into ,pl[d58 ,c anybody b lawy]s or law /ud5ts enjoy read+ reports ( law cases8 ,i rememb] t1 :5 ,i 0 ab\t t5 ye>s old1 a fav\rite book ) me 0 "o entitl$ ,crim9al ,trials ( ,all ,c\ntries1 by a ,memb] ( ! ,philadelphia ,b>4 ,i read x & read x1 until =bidd5 to read su* a gruesome book1 & !n ,i read x all ! m4 ,"o ( ! mo/ elaborate reports 9 x 0 t ( ! fam\s case ( ,capta9 ,donellan1 tri$ 9 #aghj on a *>ge ( poison+ 8 wife's bro!r1 ,sir ,!odosius ,b\ghton1 a dissipat$ & diseas$ "y man1 :o di$ v sudd5ly "o day4 ,a po/-mortem inspection %[$ spots 9 ! inte/9e1 :i* ?ree ord9>y c\ntry doctors ascrib$ to poison+ by laurel wat]1 :ile ,sir ,john ,hunt]1 "o ( ! greate/ au?orities 9 ,europe1 te/ifi$ t !y might equally well h ensu$ ^u dea? f apoplexy4 ,! judge1 ,sir ,francis ,bull]1 saw fit1 9 8 *>ge1 to reckon ?is z ! te/imony ( ?ree exp]ts aga9/ "o2 & ?us ! jury 7 driv5 to a v]dict ( murd]1 ?\gh x 0 n prov$ t any murd] _h be5 committ$4 ,capta9 ,donellan1 :o liv$ 9 8 bro!r-9-law's h\se1 0 a man ( blameless life1 an amateur *emi/1 mu* giv5 to fool+ ) odor\s liquids & hiss+ retorts4 ,x 0 prov$ t he _h be5 di/ill+ laurel wat]1 & "o or two o!r suspici\s circum/ances 7 alleg$4 ,! :ole trial 0 begun & end$ on ! same day1 ! jury 7 ab\t tw5ty m9utes 9 f9d+ ! capta9 guilty1 & ?ree days aft]w>d he 0 hung4 ,x 0 a case :]e reason 0 subm]g$ & dr[n$ "u a wave ( angry prejudice %riek+ = a victim4 ,n[1 if ,i did n =?) write a play1 & take ! occasion to ridicule ! judge's *>ge to ! jury1 x 0 because ,i c\ld n write a play1 n because ,i did n fully appreciate ! insult to law & common s5se :i* t un=tunate case involv$4 ,9 view ( ?is & o!r exp]i5ces1 :5 ,i n[ read a play or a novel t conta9s an intellig5t allusion to "s law case1 ,i am f> f feel+ driv5 to ! conclusion t x mu/ h be5 writt5 by a "l *ancellor4 ,if ,%akespe>e's dramas are prov$ by su* int]nal evid5ce to h be5 writt5 by a lawy]1 t lawy]1 by p>ity ( reason+1 c\ld h>dly h be5 ,francis ,bacon4 ,= he 0 prem95tly a *anc]y lawy]1 & *anc]y phrases are 9 ,%akespe>e conspicu\sly abs5t4 ,! ^w injunctions occurs five times 9 ! plays1 once p]haps ) a ref]5ce to its legal use 7,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 ,,ii4 ix472 b n[h]e d we f9d any exhibition ( a k ( *anc]y law4 ,8 allusions to ! common law are (t5 v amus+1 z :51 9 ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 at ! end ( a brisk punn+-mat* betwe5 ,boyet & ,m>ia1 he (f]s to kiss h]1 laugh+ly ask+ = a grant ( pa/ure on h] lips1 & %e replies1 ,n s2 my lips are no common1 ?\gh sev]al !y be4 ,aga91 9 ,! ,com$y ( ,errors1 ,dromio ass]ts t !re is no "t = a bald man to recov] 8 hair4 ,?is hav+ be5 writt51 ! law phrase sugge/$ itself1 & he 0 ask$ :e!r he might n d x by f9e & recov]y1 & ?is sugge/$ ! effici5cy ( t proce$+ to b> heirs2 & ?is />t$ ! conceit t ?us ! lo/ hair ( ano!r man w\ld be recov]$4#ci ,9 su* qua9t allusions to ! common law & its proce$+s ,%akespe>e ab\nds1 & we _c help rememb]+ t ,na%1 9 8 prefatory epi/le to ,gre5e's ,m5aphon1 pr9t$ ab\t #aehi1 makes sne]+ m5tion ( ,%akespe>e z a man :o _h left ! trade ( ,nov]9t1 :]eunto he 0 born1 9 ord] to try 8 h& at trag$y4 ,! trade ( ,nov]9t 0 a slang expression = ! bus9ess ( attorney2 & ?is passage has sugge/$ t ,%akespe>e may h sp5t "s "t 9 a law (fice1 z /ud5t or z cl]k1 ei!r be=e leav+ ,/rat=d1 or p]haps soon aft] 8 arrival 9 ,london4 ,?is seems to me n improbable4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice conta9s su* crazy law t x is h>d to imag9e x com+ ev5 f a lawy]'s cl]k4 ,at all ev5ts1 we may safely say t ! legal k exhibit$ 9 ! plays is no m ?an might readily h be5 acquir$ by a man ( assimilative g5ius associat+ ) lawy]s4 ,x simply %[s ! range & accuracy ( ,%akespe>e's p[]s ( obs]vation4 ,let u come n[ to ! second "p ( ! ,delia ,bacon !ory4 ,hav+ satisfi$ h]self t ,william ,%akespe>e c\ld n h writt5 ! poems & plays publi%$ "u 8 "n1 %e jump$ to ! conclusion t ,francis ,bacon 0 ! au?or4 ,surely1 a s+ul> *oice6 ,( all m51 :y ,francis ,bacon8#dj ,:y n1 z ,i said be=e1 ,george ,*apman or ,b5 ,jonson1 m5 :o 7 at once le>n$ s*ol>s & great poets8 ,*apman1 l ,m>l[e1 c\ld write ! mighty l9e4 ,jonson _h r>e lyric p[]2 8 v]ses s+1 z witness ! wond]ful ,d b look on h] eyes1 :i* ,francis ,bacon c\ld no m h writt5 ?an he c\ld h jump$ ov] ! moon4 ,to pit* ^u ,bacon z ! writ] ( ,twelf? ,night or ,romeo & ,juliet is ab\t z s5sible z to ass]t t ,david ,copp]field mu/ h be5 writt5 by ,*>les ,d>w94 ,aft] a famili> acqua9tance ( m ?an =ty ye>s ) ,%akespe>e's works1 ( ne>ly =ty ye>s ) ,bacon's1 ! two m5 impress me z simply antipodal "o to ! o!r4 ,a simil> feel+ 0 ent]ta9$ by ! late ,mr4 ,sp$d+1 ! biograph] & editor ( ,bacon2 & no "o has m happily hit (f ! vag>ies ( ! ,baconiz]s ?an ! =emo/ ,bacon s*ol> n[ liv+1 ,dr4 ,kuno ,fis*]1 9 8 rec5t address be=e ! ,%akespe>e ,society at ,weim>4#da ,i us$ to wond] :e!r ! ,bacon-,%akespe>e p really knew any?+ ab\t ,bacon1 &1 n[ t *ance has l$ me to read _! books1 ,i am q sure !y d n4 ,to _! m9ds1 8 works are simply a /oreh\se ( texts :i* s]ve !m = controv]sial missiles1 v mu* z scatt]$ texts f ! ,bible us$ to s]ve our uncritical gr&fa!rs4 ,francis ,bacon 0 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ p]sons ( 8 "t1 &1 z is (t5 ! case ) su* _m-sid$ *>act]s1 po/]ity has held v>i\s op9ions ab\t him4 ,on ! "o h&1 8 fame has gr[n bright] ) ! ye>s2 on ! o!r h&1 x has come to be m or less circumscrib$ & limit$4 ,pope's fam\s v]se1 ,! wise/1 brighte/1 meane/ ( mank9d1 may be disput$ 9 all its ?ree specifications4 ,bacon's treatm5t ( ,essex1 :i* =m]ly call$ =? su* bitt] condemnation1 has be51 ,i ?9k1 completely ju/ifi$2 & z = ! tak+ ( bribes1 :i* l$ to 8 disgrace1 !re 7 circum/ances :i* ought l>gely to mitigate ! sev]ity ( our judgm5t4 ,b if ,bacon 0 f> f be+ a mean example ( human nature1 x is surely an exagg]ation to call him ! wise/ & brighte/ ( mank9d4 ,he 0 a s*ol> & critic ( va/ accompli%m5ts1 a writ] ( noble ,engli% prose1 & a philosoph] :o repres5t$ r ?an inaugurat$ a mo/ b5eficial revolution 9 ! aims & me?ods ( sci5tific inquiry4 ,he is "o ( ! real glories ( ,engli% lit]ature1 b he is also "o ( ! mo/ ov]rat$ m5 ( mod]n times4 ,:5 we f9d ,macaulay say+ t ,bacon _h ! mo/ exquisitely con/ruct$ intellect t has ev] be5 be/[$ on any ( ! *ildr5 ( m51 we ne$ n be surpris$ to f9d t 8 elaborate essay on ,bacon is z false 9 its fundam5tal conception z x is inaccurate 9 details4 ,= a long "t x 0 "o ( ! accept$ commonplaces t ,bacon inaugurat$ ! me?od by :i* mod]n discov]ies 9 physical sci5ce h be5 made4 ,e>ly 9 ! pres5t c5tury1 su* writ]s on ! hi/ory ( sci5ce z ,:ewell began to %[ ! incorrectness ( ?is notion1 & x 0 completely explod$ by ,/anley ,jevons 9 8 ,pr9ciples ( ,sci5ce1 ! mo/ pr(\nd treatise on me?od t has appe>$ 9 ! la/ fifty ye>s4 ,jevons writes3 ,x is :olly a mi/ake to say t mod]n sci5ce is ! result ( ! ,baconian philosophy2 x is ! ,newtonian philosophy & ! ,newtonian me?od :i* h l$ to all ! great triumphs ( physical sci5ce1 & 444 ! ',pr9cipia' =ms ! true ,novum ,organon4 ,?is /atem5t ( ,jevons is ?or\ghly s\nd4 ,! great ,h>vey1 :o knew h[ sci5tific discov]ies are made1 said ) g5tle s>casm t ,bacon wrote philosophy l a "l *ancellor2 yet ,h>vey w\ld n h d5i$ t ! *ancellor 0 do+ noble s]vice z ! eloqu5t exp\nd] ( _m sides ( ! sci5tific movem5t t 0 !n ga!r+ /r5g?4 ,bacons m9d 0 em95tly sagaci\s & f]tile 9 sugge/ions1 b ! supreme creative faculty1 ! p[] to lead m5 into new pa?s1 0 precisely ! ?+ :i* he did n possess4 ,8 place is a v high "o among intellects ( ! second ord]2 b to rank him ) su* godlike spirits z ,newton1 ,sp9oza1 & ,leibnitz simply %[s t "o has no real k ( ! "w :i* su* m5 h done4 ,s mu* = ,bacon himself4 ,) reg>d to him z possible au?or ( ! ,%akespe>e poems & plays1 x is difficult to imag9e s le>n$ a s*ol> mak+ ! k9d ( mi/akes t ab\nd 9 ^? writ+s4 ,bacon w\ld h>dly h introduc$ clocks into ! ,rome ( ,julius ,cs>2 nor w\ld he h made ,hector quote ,ari/otle1 nor ,hamlet /udy at ! ,univ]sity ( ,witt5b]g1 f\nd$ five hundr$ ye>s aft] ,hamlet's "t2 nor w\ld he h put pi/ols into ! age ( ,h5ry ,,iv41 nor cannon into ! age ( ,k+ ,john2 & we may be pretty sure t he w\ld n h made "o ( ! *>act]s 9 ,k+ ,le> talk ab\t ,turks & ,b$lam4 ,9 ?is sev]ely reali/ic age ( ours1 writ]s are m on _! gu>d aga9/ su* ana*ronisms ?an !y 7 9 ,%akespe>e's "t2 9 8 works we _c call !m s]i\s blemi%es1 = !y d n affect ! arti/ic "* ( ! plays1 b !y are c]ta9ly su* mi/akes z a s*ol> l ,bacon w\ld n h committ$4 ,deep] d[n lies ! contra/ involv$ 9 ! fact t ,bacon 0 9 a high degree a subjective writ]1 f :om y are p]petually gett+ revelations ( 8 idiosyncrasies & moods1 :]eas ( all writ]s 9 ! _w ,%akespe>e is ! mo/ completely objective1 ! mo/ absorb$ 9 ! "w ( creation4 ,9 ! "o writ] y are always rem9d$ ( ! man ,bacon2 9 ! o!r ! p]sonality is nev] ?ru/ into sight4 ,bacon is highly self-consci\s2 f ,%akespe>e self-consci\sness is abs5t4 ,! contra/ is equally great 9 respect ( hum\r4 ,i w\ld n d5y t ,bacon reli%$ a joke1 or c\ld p]petrate a pun2 b ! bubbl+1 see?+1 frolicsome1 irrepressible droll]y ( ,%akespe>e is some?+ q =eign to him4 ,read 8 essays1 & y get *>m+ ,engli%1 wide k1 deep ?\ght1 ke5 obs]vation1 worldly wisdom1 good hum\r1 sweet s]5ity2 b exub]ant fun is n !re4 ,9 writ+ ^! essays ,bacon 0 foll[+ an example set by ,montaigne1 b1 z contra/$ ) ! delicate eff]vesc5t hum\r ( ! ,fr5*man1 8 /yle seems sob] & almo/ insipid4 ,only fancy su* a man try+ to write ,! ,m]ry ,wives ( ,w9dsor6 ,bo? ,%akespe>e & ,bacon 7 /urdy & rapaci\s purlo9]s4 ,!y seiz$ ^u o!r m5's bright ?\ghts & made !m _! own )\t compunction & )\t ackn[l$gm5t2 & ?is may acc\nt = sundry simil>ities :i* may be cull$ f ! plays & f ,bacon's works1 ^u :i* ,baconiz+ text-mong]s are wont to lay great /ress z pro( ( common au?or%ip4 ,"s su* resemblances may be due to borr[+ f common s\rces2 o!rs are d\btless purely fanciful2 o!rs indicate ei!r t ,%akespe>e cribb$ f ,bacon or vice v]sa4 ,"h are a few miscellane\s in/ances3-- ,:]e ,bacon says1 ,be s true to ?yself z ?\ be n false to o!rs 7,essay ( ,wisdom71 ,%akespe>e says3-- ,to ?9e own self be true1 ,& x mu/ foll[1 z ! night ! day1 ,?\ can/ n !n be false to any man4 7,hamlet1 ,i4 iii47 ,?is looks z if "o writ] might h copi$ f ! o!r4 ,if s1 x is ,bacon :o is ! ?ief1 = ! l9es occur 9 ! qu>to ,hamlet publi%$ 9 #afjc1 :]eas ! ,essay ( ,wisdom 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #afab4 ,aga91 :]e ,bacon1 9 ! ,essay ( ,g>d5s1 says1 ,! brea? ( fl[]s comes & goes l ! w>bl+ ( music1 x rem9ds "o /rongly ( ! exquisite passage 9 ,twelf? ,night :]e ! ,duke exclaims3-- ,t /ra9 aga96 x _h a dy+ fall3 ,o1 x came o'er my e> l ! sweet s\?1 ,t brea!s ^u a bank ( violets1 ,/eal+ & giv+ od\r4 ,i h little d\bt t ,bacon _h ?is passage 9 m9d :5 he wrote ! ,essay ( ,g>d5s1 :i* 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #afbe1 two ye>s lat] ?an ! complete folio ( ,%akespe>e4 ,?is effectually disposes ( ! attempt to cite ^! correspond5ces 9 evid5ce t ,bacon wrote ! plays4 ,ano!r in/ance is f ,ri*>d ,,iii43-- ,by a div9e in/9ct m5's m9ds mi/ru/ ,ensu+ dang]2 z1 by pro(1 we see ,! wat]s swell be=e a boi/]\s /orm4 ,bacon1 9 ! ,essay ( ,s$ition1 writes1 ,z !re are 444 secret swell+s ( seas be=e a tempe/1 s !re are 9 /ates4 ,b ?is essay 0 n publi%$ till #afbe1 s aga9 we f9d him copy+ ,%akespe>e4 ,_m su* p>allelisms1 cit$ to prove t ,bacon wrote ,%akespe>e's works1 d really prove t he read !m ) great c>e & rememb]$ !m well1 or else took notes f !m4 ,an int]e/+ illu/ration ( ! helpless ignorance %[n by ,baconiz]s is furni%$ by a rem>k ( ,sir ,toby ,bel* 9 ,twelf? ,night4 ,9 8 in/ructions to t de> old simpleton1 ,sir ,&rew ,ague*eek1 ab\t ! *all5ge1 ,sir ,toby obs]ves1 ,if ?\ ?\'/ him "s ?rice1 x %all n be amiss4 ,9 ,elizabe?an ,engli%1 to address a man z ?\ 0 to treat him z socially inf]ior2 su* famili>ity 0 all[able only betwe5 memb]s ( ! same family or 9 speak+ to s]vants1 j z y address y\r wife1 & likewise ! cook & h\semaid1 by _! ,*ri/ian names1 :ile ) ! ladies ( y\r acqua9tance su* famili>ity w\ld be rud5ess4 ,! same rule = ! pron\n survives to-day 9 ,fr5* & ,g]man1 b has be5 =gott5 9 ,engli%4 ,9 ! trial ( ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh 9 #afjd1 ,ju/ice ,coke insult$ ! prison] by call+ out1 ,?\ vip]6 = ,i ?\ !e1 ?\ traitor6 ,n[1 "o ( our ,baconiz]s ?9ks t 8 idol1 9 writ+ ,twelf? ,night1 introduc$ ,sir ,toby's sugge/ion 9 ord] to recall to ! audi5ce ,coke's abusive rem>k4 ,once m1 a little att5tion to dates w\ld h prev5t$ ! mak+ ( a bad blund]4 ,we "k f ,mann+ham's ,di>y t ,twelf? ,night _h be5 on ! /age ne>ly two ye>s be=e ,raleigh's trial4 ,on ! o!r h&1 to say t ! play might h sugge/$ to ,coke 8 co>se spee* w\ld be admissible1 b idle1 inasmu* z ! expression to ?\ a man 0 an e-day phrase 9 t age4 ,"h x naturally occurs to me to m5tion ! ,promus1 ab\t :i* z mu* fuss has be5 made z if x really furni%$ evid5ce 9 support ( ! ,baconian folly4 ,!re is 9 ! ,briti% ,museum a manuscript1 9 ,bacon's h&writ+1 entitl$ ,promus ( ,=mul>ies & ,elegancies4 ,promus means /oreh\se or treasury4 ,a date at ! top ( ! fir/ page %[s t x 0 begun 9 ,decemb]1 #aeid2 !re is no?+1 ,i believe1 to %[ ov] h[ _m ye>s x ext5d$4 ,x is a scrap-book 9 :i* ,bacon jott$ d[n su* s5t5ces1 words1 & phrases z /ruck 8 fancy1 su* z might be utiliz$ 9 8 writ+s4 ,^! neatly turn$ phrases1 ^! =mul>ies & elegancies1 are ga!r$ f all qu>t]s1--f ! ,bible1 f ,virgil & ,horace1 f ,ovid & ,s5eca1 f ,erasmus1 f collections ( prov]bs 9 v>i\s languages1 etc4 ,z !re is app>5tly no?+ orig9al 9 ?is scrap-bag1 ,mr4 ,sp$d+ did n ?9k x wor? :ile to include x 9 8 edition ( ,bacon's works1 b 9 ! f\rte5? volume he gives a suffici5t description ( x1 ) illu/rative extracts4 ,9 #ahhc ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,pott publi%$ ! :ole ( ?is ,promus manuscript1 & swell$ x by comm5ts & diss]tations into a volume ( #fjj octavo pages4 ,%e _h f\nd 9 x sev]al hundr$ expressions :i* rem9d$ h] ( passages 9 ,%akespe>e1 & s x confirm$ h] 9 ! op9ion :i* %e already ent]ta9$ t ,bacon 0 ! au?or ( ,%akespe>e's works4 ,?us1 :5 ! ,promus has a v]se f ,ovid1 :i* means1 ,& ! =c$ tongue beg9s to lisp ! s\nd comm&$1 x rem9ds ,mrs4 ,pott ( div]s l9es 9 :i* ,%akespe>e uses ! ^w lisp1 z = example1 9 ,z ,y ,l ,x1 y lisp & we> /range suits2 & %e jumps to ! conclusion t :5 ,bacon jott$ d[n ! v]se f ,ovid1 x 0 z a prep>atory /udy t[>d ,z ,y ,l ,x1 & any o!r play t conta9s ! ^w lisp3 !re=e ,bacon wrote all ^? plays1 ,q4 ,e4 ,d46 ,on ! next page we f9d ,virgil's rem>k1 ,?us 0 ,i wont to comp>e great ?+s ) small1 made ! fa!r ( ,fal/aff's base comp>isons1 & ,fluell5's ,mac$on & ,monm\?1 z well z hone/ ,dogb]ry's comp>isons are odor\s4 ,:5 "o reads su* ?+s1 evid5tly pr9t$ 9 all s]i\sness1 "o feels l ask+ ,mrs4 ,pott1 9 ! apt words ( ,%akespe>e's fri5d ,flet*]1 ,:at m>e's ne/ ha/ ?\ f\nd8 7,bonduca1 ,v4 ii47 ,!re are _m phrases1 h[ev]1 9 ! ,promus :i* und\bt$ly agree ) phrases 9 ! plays4 ,!y %[ t ,bacon he>d or read ! plays ) great int]e/1 & cull$ f !m 8 elegancies ) no /9t$ h&4 ,z = ,mrs4 ,pott's bulky volume1 x br+s u s ne> to ! f9al r$uctio ad absurdum ( ! ,bacon !ory t we h>dly ne$ sp5d _m words ^u ! gross improbabilities :i* t !ory involves4 ,! plays ( ,%akespe>e 7 univ]sally ascrib$ to him by 8 contempor>ies2 _m ( !m 7 publi%$ dur+ 8 lifetime ) 8 "n ^u ! title-page z ! au?or2 all 7 collect$ & publi%$ toge!r by ,hemm+e & ,condell1 two ( 8 fell[ actors1 sev5 ye>s aft] 8 dea?2 & = m ?an two c5turies nobody ev] dream$ ( look+ = a diff]5t au?or%ip1 or ( associat+ ! plays ) ,bacon4 ,b ?is ,*imborazo ( prima facie evid5ce becomes a m]e mole-hill 9 ! h&s ( y\r valiant ,baconiz]4 ,x is all cle> to him4 ,bacon did n ackn[l$ge ! au?or%ip ( ^! works because su* lit]ature 0 deem$ frivol\s1 & curr5t prejudices aga9/ !atres & playwrights might injure 8 hopes ( advancem5t at ! b> & 9 political life4 ,!re=e1 by "s sort ( private und]/&+ ) ! ignorant & sordid wret* ,%akespe>e1#db at ^: !atre !y 7 br\ght out1 _! au?or%ip 0 ascrib$ to him1 ! real au?or di$ )\t reveal+ ! secret1 & ! :ole _w 0 deceiv$ until ! days ( ,delia ,bacon4 ,b !re are que/ions :i* ev5 ?is +5i\s hypo!sis fails to answ]4 ,:y %\ld ,bacon h tak5 ! "t to write ^? ?irty-sev5 plays1 two poems1 & "o hundr$ & fifty-f\r sonnets1 if !y 7 nev] to be kn[n z 8 works8 ,n = money1 surely1 = t grasp+ ,%akespe>e seems to h got ! money z well z ! fame2 ,bacon di$ a poor man4 ,8 pr9cipal aim 9 life 0 to con/ruct a new sy/em ( philosophy2 on ?is noble und]tak+ he sp5t su* "t z he c\ld save f ! exactions ( 8 public c>e] z memb] ( ,p>liam5t1 *anc]y lawy]1 solicitor-g5]al1 attorney-g5]al1 "l *ancellor2 & he di$ ) ?is "w f> f f9i%$4 ,! volumes :i* he left beh9d him 7 only fragm5ts ( ! mighty /ructure :i* he _h plann$4 ,we may well ask1 ,:]e did ?is ov]burd5$ writ] f9d ! "t = do+ "w ( ano!r k9d volum9\s en\gh to fill a lifetime1 & :at motive _h he = do+ x )\t recomp5se 9 ei!r fame or money8 ,baconiz]s f9d x /range t ,%akespe>e's w conta9s no ref]5ce to 8 plays z lit]>y prop]ty4 ,! omission is c]ta9ly int]e/+1 s9ce x seems to indicate t he _h p>t$ ) 8 pecuni>y int]e/ 9 !m1--_h p]haps sold x out to ! ,globe ,!atre4 ,if ?is omission c be held to %[ t ,%akespe>e 0 lack+ 9 fondness = ! productions ( 8 own g5ius1 :at %all be said ( ! notion t ,bacon sp5t half 8 life 9 writ+ works ! pat]nity ( :i* he mu/ =ev] dis[n8 ,?is "q is answ]$ by ,mr4 ,ignatius ,donnelly1 a writ] :o speculates ) equal infelicity on all subjects1 b nev] suff]s = lack ( boldness4 ,he publi%$ 9 #ahhg a book ev5 bigg] ?an t ( ,mrs4 ,pott1 = x has ne>ly #ajjj pages4 ,its title is1 ,! ,great ,cryptogram1 & its !sis is1 t ,bacon really did claim ! au?or%ip ( ! ,%akespe>e plays4 ,only ! claim 0 made 9 a ciph]1 & if y simply make "s numb]s mean "s words1 & o!r words mean o!r numb]s1 & p]=m a good _m sums 9 :at ! ,mock ,turtle call$ ambition1 di/raction1 uglification1 & d]ision1 y w be able to read ?is claim betwe5 ! l9es1 along ) mu* o!r wond]ful in=mation4 ,?us does ! ari?metical ,donnelly c>ry u q a long /ride ne>] to ! r$uctio ad absurdum1 or suicide po9t1 ?an we 7 left by ,mrs4 ,pott1 ) h] lisp+ & limp+ comp>isons4 ,b be=e we come to ! jump+-(f place1 let u pause = a mom5t & take a retrospective glance at ! natural hi/ory ( ! ,bacon-,%akespe>e craze4 ,:at 0 x t fir/ unlock$ ! sluice-gates1 & p\r$ =? su* a deluge ( fooli%ness ^u a sorely suff]+ _w8 ,x w h>dly d to lay ! blame ^u poor ,delia ,bacon4 ,h] sugge/ions w\ld h borne no fruit _h !y n f\nd a public1 albeit a n>r[ "o1 9 "s degree prep>$ = !m4 ,:o1 !n1 prep>$ ! soil = ! se$s ( ?is idiocy to take root8 ,:o b ! race ( fond & fooli% ,%akespe>e comm5tators1 ) _! absurd claims = _! idol8 ,dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury ,%akespe>e 0 g5]ally und]rat$4 ,voltaire wond]$ h[ a nation t possess$ su* a noble trag$y z ,addison's ,cato c\ld endure su* plays z ,hamlet & ,o!llo4 ,9 ! days ( ,scott & ,burns a reaction set 92 & ,%akespe>e wor%ip rea*$ its height :5 ! ,g]mans took x up1 &1 n satisfi$ ) call+ him ! pr9ce ( poets & pe]less ma/] ( dramatic art1 began to discov] 9 8 works all sorts ( hidd5 philosophy & impossible k4 ,( ! av]age ,g]man m9d ,l[ell good-natur$ly says t x f9ds its ke5e/ pleasure 9 div9+ a pr(\nd significance 9 ! mo/ trifl+ ?+s1 & ! numb] ( m>e's ne/s t h be5 />$ into by ! ,g]man ,gelehrt] ?r\gh 8 spectacles passes calculation4#dc ,b ! ,g]mans are n ! only s9n]s2 let me cite an in/ance f ne> home4 ,9 ! qu>to ,hamlet ( #afjc we read3-- ,full =ty ye>s are pa/1 _! date is gone1 ,s9ce happy "t jo9$ bo? our he>ts z "o3 ,& n[ ! blood t fill$ my y\?ful ve9s ,runs weakly 9 _! pipes1 etc4 ,:]eupon ,mr4 ,edw>d ,v9+ calls ^u u to obs]ve h[ ,%akespe>e1 to :om all human k seems to be b a matt] ( in/9ct1 9 ^! l9es ass]ts ! circulation ( ! blood 9 ! ve9s & 'pipes1' a tru? :i* ,h>vey probably did n ev5 suspect until at lea/ ?irte5 ye>s lat]1 etc4#dd ,does ,mr4 ,v9+ really suppose t :at ,h>vey did 0 to discov] t blood runs 9 our ve9s8 ,a little fur!r /udy ( hi/ory w\ld h taught him t ev5 ! anci5ts knew t blood runs 9 ! ve9s4#de ,ab\t f\rte5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ,hamlet 0 writt51 ,gal5 prov$ t x also runs 9 ! art]ies4 ,aft] ,gal5's "t1 x 0 believ$ t ! d>k blood n\ri%es su* plebeian organs z ! liv]1 :ile ! bright blood n\ri%es su* lordly organs z ! bra91 & t ! int]*ange takes place 9 ! he>t2 until ! sixte5? c5tury1 :5 ,vesalius prov$ t ! int]*ange does n take place 9 ! he>t1 & ! m>tyr ,s]vetus prov$ t x does take place 9 ! lungs2 & s on till #afai1 :5 ,h>vey discov]$ t d>k blood is br\ght by ! ve9s to ! "r side ( ! he>t1 & !nce driv5 into ! lungs1 :]e x becomes bright & fl[s into ! left side ( ! he>t1 !nce to be propell$ ?r\gh\t ! body 9 ! art]ies4 ,t x !n gr[s d>k & returns ?r\gh ! ve9s ,h>vey believ$1 b no "o c\ld tell h[1 until1 =ty ye>s lat]1 ,malpighi ) 8 microscope detect$ ! capill>ies4 ,n[ to talk ab\t ,%akespe>e disc]n+ z if by in/9ct a tru? :i* ,h>vey aft]w>d discov]$ is simply silly4 ,in/ead ( %[+ r>e sci5tific k1 8 rem>k ab\t blood runn+ 9 ! ve9s is "o t anybody might h made4 ,?is is a fair specim5 ( ! ignorant way 9 :i* dot+ comm5tators h built up an impossible ,%akespe>e1 until at la/ !y h provok$ a reaction4 ,soon] or lat] ! "q 0 sure to arise1 ,:]e did y\r ,/rat=d boy get all ?is ab/ruse sci5tific k8 ,! keynote 0 p]haps fir/ s\nd$ by ,augu/ von ,s*legel1 :o p]suad$ himself t ,%akespe>e _h ma/]$ all ! ?+s & relations ( ?is _w1 & !n w5t on to decl>e t ! accept$ acc\nt ( 8 life mu/ be a m]e fable4 ,?us we rea* ! po9t f :i* ,delia ,bacon />t$4 ,x may safely be said t all !ories ( ,%akespe>e's plays :i* suppose !m to be attempts at tea*+ occult philosophical doctr9es1 or :i* end[ !m ) any o!r mean+s ?an ^? :i* _! words directly & pla9ly convey1 are a delusion & a sn>e4 ,^? plays 7 writt51 n to tea* philosophy1 b to fill ! !atre & make money4 ,!y 7 writt5 by a practis$ actor & manag]1 ! mo/ consummate ma/] ( dramatic effects t ev] liv$2 a poet unsurpass$ = f]tility ( inv5tion1 unequall$ = melody ( language1 unapproa*$ = delicacy ( fancy1 inexhau/ible 9 hum\r1 pr(\nde/ ( morali/s2 a man :o knew human nature by intuition1 z ,moz>t knew c\nt]po9t or z ,*op9 knew h>mony4 ,! "n ( t writ] 0 none o!r ?an ,william ,%akespe>e ( ,/rat=d-on-,avon4 ,x 0 inevitable t ! ,bacon folly1 aft] once adopt+ su* me?ods z ^? ( ,mrs4 ,pott & ,mr4 ,donnelly1 %\ld proce$ to commit suicide by pil+ up extravagances4 ,by su* me?ods "o c prove any?+1 & accord+ly we f9d ^! writ]s busy 9 trac+ ,bacon's h& 9 ! writ+s ( ,gre5e1 ,m>l[e1 ,%irley1 ,m>/on1 ,mass+]1 ,middleton1 & ,web/]4 ,!y are sure t he 0 ! au?or ( ,montaigne's ,essays1 :i* 7 aft]w>d translat$ into :at we h always suppos$ to be ! ,fr5* orig9al4 ,mr4 ,donnelly believes t ,bacon also wrote ,burton's ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly4 ,next comes ,dr4 ,orville ,ow5 ) a new ciph]1 :i* proves t ,bacon 0 ! son ( ,que5 ,elizabe? by ,rob]t ,dudley1 & t he 0 ! au?or ( ! ,fa]ie ,que5e & o!r poems attribut$ to ,edmund ,sp5s]4 ,f9ally we h ,mr4 ,j4 ,e4 ,roe1 :o does n mean to be outdone4 ,he asks u :at we are to ?9k ( ! notion t an ignorant t9k]1 l ,john ,bunyan1 c\ld h writt5 ! mo/ p]fect allegory 9 any language4 ,p]i% ! ?\ght6 ,nobody b ,bacon c\ld h done x4 ,( c\rse ,bacon _h be5 m ?an fifty ye>s 9 8 grave :5 ,pilgrim's ,progress 0 publi%$ z ,bunyan's4 ,b y\r true ,baconiz] is nev] /opp$ by trifles4 ,mr4 ,roe assures u t ,bacon wrote t heav5ly book1 z well z ,rob9son ,crusoe & ! ,tale ( a ,tub2 :i* surely beg9s to make him seem ubiquit\s & ev]la/+4 ,if ?+s g on at ?is rate1 we %all pres5tly h a religi\s sect hold+ z its fir/ article ( fai? t ,francis ,bacon creat$ ! heav5s & ! e>? 9 six days1 & re/$ on ! sev5? day4 ,novemb]1 #ahif4 ,,xiv ,,"s ,,cranks ,,& ,,_! ,,crot*ets ,n[1 by two-head$ ,janus1 ,nature ha? fram$ /range fell[s 9 h] "t6 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 ,i4 i4 ,ab\t five-&-tw5ty ye>s ago1 :5 ,i 0 assi/ant libr>ian at ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 mu* ( my "t 0 occupi$ 9 revis+ & br++ t[>d completion ! gigantic pair ( tw9 catalogues--( au?ors & subjects--:i* my pr$ecessor1 ,dr4 ,ezra ,abbot1 _h />t$ 9 #ahfa4 ,tw9s !y 7 9 simultaneity ( bir?1 b n 9 lik5ess ( gr[?4 ,naturally1 ! classifi$ catalogue 0 mu* bigg] ?an its bro!r1 fill$ m draw]s1 co/ m money1 & made a va/ deal m tr\ble4 ,= :ile "s books 7 easy en\gh to classify1 o!rs 7 n at all easy1 & sometimes curi\s que/ions w\ld arise4 ,"o day1 = example1 ,i happ5$ to be look+ at a pamphlet on ! value ( ,pi2 &1 %\ld any ( my read]s ask :at t might mean1 ,i %\ld answ] t ,pi 77 is ! ,greek lett] :i* geomet]s use to d5ote ! ratio ( ! circumf]5ce ( a circle to its diamet]4 ,! ari?metical value ( ?is symbol is #c4adaeibfecf1 & s on 9 an endless fraction4 ,is x n h>d to see :at !re c be 9 su* an innoc5t decimal to irritate human be+s & de/roy _! peace ( m9d8 ,yet s x is4 ,_m a human life has be5 wreck$ ^u ,pi4 ,to a c]ta9 class ( our fell[-creatures its exi/5ce is madd5+4 ,x int]f]es ) ! success ( a little s*eme on :i* !y h set _! he>ts1--no?+ less ?an to con/ruct a squ>e :i* %all be exactly equival5t 9 dim5sions to a giv5 circle4 ,nobody has ev] done su* a ?+1 = x _c be done4 ,b :5 ma!maticians tell ^! poor p t su* is ! case1 !y h[l ) rage1 &1 dipp+ _! p5s 9 gall1 write book aft] book bri/l+ ) figures to prove t !y h squ>$ ! circle4 ,! ,h>v>d libr>y does n buy su* books1 b x accepts all mann] ( gifts1 & has ?us come to conta9 "s que] ?+s4 ,:5 ,i consult$ ! subject catalogue1 to see "u :at head x _h be5 cu/om>y to classify ^! lucubrations on ,pi1 ,i f\nd1 sure en\gh1 t x 0 ,ma!matics ,circle-,squ>+4 ,foll[+ ?is cue1 ,i explor$ ! draw]s 9 o!r directions1 & f\nd books on p]petual motion =m$ a section "u ,physics1 :ile crazy int]pretations ( ! book ( ,daniel 7 gr\p$ along ) works ( solid ,biblical s*ol>%ip by su* em95t writ]s z ,reuss & ,ku55 & ,*eyne4 ,cle>ly1 "h 0 a case = re=m4 ,! pr9ciple ( classification 0 faulty4 ,9 "o s5se1 ! treatm5t ( ! quadrature ( ! circle may be reg>d$ z a section "u ! g5]al head ( ma!matics2 z1 = example1 :5 ,l9demann1 9 #ahhb1 %[$ t ,pi _c be repres5t$ z ! root ( any algebraic equation ) rational coeffici5ts4 ,b our circle-squ>+ lit]ature is v diff]5t4 ,x is usually writt5 by p]sons ^: ma!matical horizon sc>cely ext5ds beyond long division3 j z ! writ]s on p]petual motion "k no?+ ( physics2 j z s _m expositors h dealt ) ! t5-horn$ bea/ 9 blissful ignorance alike ( anci5t hi/ory & ( ! pr9ciples ( lit]>y criticism4 ,:at all su* books illu/rate1 h[ev] v>i\s may be _! o/5sible !mes1 is ! pa?ology ( ! human m9d4 ,!y are specim5s ( ,insane ,lit]ature4 ,z su* !y h a c]ta9 sort ( int]e/2 & to any rational be+ x is ! only sort !y c h4 ,s ,i cull$ f _m a little draw] ! c>ds app]ta9+ to div]s pr9t$ products ( morbid c]ebration1 & ga!r$ !m into a class ( ,insane ,lit]ature2 & "u ?is rubric su* sections z ,circle-,squ>+1 ,p]petual ,motion1 ,great ,pyramid1 ,e>? n a ,globe1 etc41 7 evid5tly 9 _! prop] place4 ,! "n ( ! class 0 duly inscrib$ on ! outside ( its draw]1 & ! matt] seem$ happily dispos$ (4 ,! way ( ! re=m]1 h[ev]1 is beset ) difficulties1 & x is seldom t 8 fir/ ef=ts are cr[n$ ) entire success4 ,n _m days _h elaps$ s9ce ?is em5dation ( ! catalogue1 :5 "o ( my assi/ants br\ght me ! c>d ( a book on ! ,apocalypse1 by a c]ta9 ,mr4 ,smallwit1 & call$ my att5tion to ! fact t x 0 classifi$ z ,insane ,lit]ature4 ,v well1 ,i said1 s x is4 ,i don't d\bt x1 sir1 said %e2 b ! au?or lives ov] 9 ,*elsea1 & ,i saw him ?is morn+ 9 "o ( ! alcoves4 ,p]haps1 if he 7 to look 9 ! catalogue & see h[ 8 book is classifi$1 he mightn't altoge!r l x4 ,!n1 z ,i look$ a little fur!r along ! c>ds1 ,i came ^u ?is pamphlet by ,h]r ,dummkopf1 ( ,breslau1 upsett+ ! law ( gravitation2 &--d y "k8--,h]r ,dummkopf is sp5d+ ! w9t] "h 9 ,cambridge6 ,to be sure1 said ,i1 x 0 v /upid ( me n to =esee su* cases4 ,( c\rse we c't call a man a fool to 8 face4 ,9 a catalogue :i* m>%als ! quick along ) ! dead "s he$ mu/ be paid to ! am5ities ( life4 ,pray get & br+ me all ^? c>ds4 ,by ! "t !y arriv$ a satisfactory solution ( ! difficulty _h sugge/$ itself4 ,i told ! assi/ant simply to scrat* out ,insane1 & put ,ecc5tric in/ead4 ,= :ile ! h>% ,lat9 epi!t w\ld ( c\rse infuriate ,messrs4 ,dummkopf1 ,smallwit ,co41 x might be d\bt$ if _! feel+s w\ld be hurt by ! mild] ,greek ^w4 ,"s p ( _! /ripe1 to :om notoriety is ! v brea? ( _! no/rils1 w\ld consid] x a m>k ( di/9ction to be call$ ecc5tric4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! h>%ness w\ld be delicately veil$ "u a p5umbra ( ambiguity4 ,?us ! class ,ecc5tric ,lit]ature 0 e/abli%$ 9 our catalogue1 & !re x has rema9$1 :ile ! books 9 ! libr>y h increas$ f a hundr$ ?\s& to half a million4 ,once or twice1 ,i am told1 has "s disgu/$ au?or utt]$ a prote/1 b ! quiet ( ,gore ,hall has n be5 di/urb$ !reby4 ,c>e is ne$$ 9 treat+ su* a subject1 & my rule 0 t no am\nt ( m]e absurdity1 no extremity ( diss5t f g5]ally receiv$ op9ions1 %\ld consign a book to ! class ( ,ecc5tric ,lit]ature1 unless x %[$ unmi/akable symptoms ( crank]y1 or ! buzz+ ( a bee 9 ! au?or's bonnet4 ,?is rule has be5 /rictly foll[$4 ,"o lot ( books--! ,bacon-,%akespe>e /uff--:i* ,i int5d$ to put 9 ?is class1 b =got to d s because ( sore /ress ( "w1 /ill rema9 absurdly gr\p$ along ) ! books on ,%akespe>e writt5 by m5 9 _! s5ses4 ,) ?is exception1 ! class (f]s u a fairly compreh5sive view ( ! lit]ature ( cranks4 ,j :]e ! l9e %\ld be drawn betwe5 sanity & crank]y is n always easy to det]m9e1 & mu/ usually be left to s\ndness ( judgm5t 9 ea* p>ticul> case1 z ) s _m o!r que/ions ( all grades1 f ! supreme c\rt d[n to ! kit*54 ,"o ( ! mo/ frequ5t traits ( y\r crank is 8 megalomania1 or self-magnification4 ,8 intellectual equipm5t is s sl5d] t he _c see :]e9 he is inf]ior to ,desc>tes or ,newton4 ,)\t en\gh k to place him 9 ! six? =m ( a gramm> s*ool1 he w assail ! conclusions ( ! greate/ m9ds ! _w has se54 ,8 mood is bellig]5t2 s9ce p w n take him at 8 own valuation1 he is apt to reg>d society z engag$ 9 a conspiracy to ignore & belittle him4 ,( hum\r he is pretty sure to be de/itute2 an ab\nd+ s5se ( ! ludicr\s is "o ( ! be/ safegu>ds ( m5tal heal?1 & ev5 a slight end[m5t w usually nip & /unt ! fungus gr[? ( crank]y4 ,! slighte/ glimm]+ s5se ( hum\r w\ld h re/ra9$ t invet]ate circle-squ>]1 ,james ,smi?1 f publi%+ 79 #ahfe7 8 pamphlet entitl$ ,! ,briti% ,association 9 ,jeop>dy1 & ,dr4 ,:ewell1 ! ,ma/] ( ,tr9ity1 9 ! ,/ocks )\t ,hope ( ,escape4 ,8 case1 ) ^? ( _m o!r +5i\s lunatics1 0 racily set =? by ! late ,pr(essor ,de ,morgan 9 8 ,budget ( ,p>adoxes 7,london1 #ahgb71 a bulky book deal+ ) ! au?or's p]sonal exp]i5ces ) cranks & _! crot*ets4 ,x 0 ,de ,morgan's lot z an em95t ma!matician to be outrage\sly bor$ by circle-squ>]s & _! k91 & x 0 a happy ?\ght to put on record ! que] ?+s t happ5$4 ,8 fri5ds ask$ him aga9 & aga9 :y he took ! tr\ble to m5tion & expose su* absurdities4 ,he repli$ t1 :5 y\r crank publi%es a book full ( figures :i* few read]s c criticise1 a great _m p are /agg]$ to ?is ext5t1 t !y imag9e !re mu/ be ! indef9ite some?+ 9 ! my/]i\s all ?is4 ,!y are br\ght to ! po9t ( suspicion t ! ma!maticians ought n to treat all ?is ) su* undisguis$ contempt1 at lea/4 ,n[ ,i h no fe> = 2 b ,i d ?9k x possible t g5]al op9ion might 9 "t dem& t ! cr[d ( circle-squ>]s1 etc41 %\ld be admitt$ to ! hon\rs ( opposition2 & ?is w\ld be a "t-tax ( five p] c5t4 "o man ) ano!r1 ^u ^? :o are bett] employ$4 ,at any rate1 cont9ues ,de ,morgan1 ) a tw9kle 9 ! corn] ( 8 eye1 :e!r 9 *a/is+ cranks he has any motive b public good mu/ be ref]r$ to ^? :o c decide :e!r a mission>y *ooses 8 pursuit solely to conv]t ! hea!n4 ,he confesses t p]haps he may h a little ( ! _s ( ,colonel ,quagg1 ^: pr9ciple ( action 0 ?us succ9ctly express$3 ,i licks ye because ,i k91 & because ,i l1 & because ye's critt]s t licks is good =6 ,among ! creatures ^: malady seem$ to call = su* dra/ic treatm5t 0 ,capta9 ,=man1 ,r4 ,n41 :o 9 #ahcc wrote aga9/ ! law ( gravitation1 & got n a ^w ( notice4 ,!n he wrote to ,sir ,john ,h]s*el & ,"l ,br\gham1 ask+ !m to get 8 book review$ 9 "s ( ! qu>t]lies4 ,receiv+ no answ] f ^! g5tlem51 he address$ 9 "o ( ! newspap]s a c>d to ,"l ,john ,russell1 inveigh+ aga9/ _! di%one/ behavi\r4 ,/ill gett+ no satisfaction1 ! valor\s capta9 wrote to ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society ) a *all5ge to controv]sy4 ,to ?is lett] came a polite b brief answ]1 advis+ him to /udy ! rudim5ts ( me*anics4 ,x 0 n 9 ! p>adox]'s nature to submit tamely to su* treatm5t2 & he repli$ 9 a pr9t$ pamphlet1 :]e9 he call$ t le>n$ society crav5 dunghill cocks1 & be/rew$ !m1 ) o!r *oice fl[]s ( rhetoric1 mu* to ! relief ( 8 feel+s4 ,"o ( ?is naval (fic]'s fell[ suff]]s 0 a f>m lab\r]1 :o took x into 8 head t ! ,"l ,*ancellor _h (f]$ #ajj1jjj rew>d to any "o :o %\ld squ>e ! circle4 ,s ,hodge w5t to "w & squ>$ x1 & !n hi$ him to ,london1 blissfully dream+ ( sudd5 weal?4 ,he>+ t ,de ,morgan 0 a great ma!matician1 he left 8 pap]s ) him1 includ+ a lett] to ! ,"l ,*ancellor1 claim+ ! #ajj1jjj4 ,de ,morgan return$ ! pap]s ) a note1 say+ t no su* prize _h ev] be5 (f]$1 & g5tly h9t+ t ! wor?y ,hodge _h n suffici5t k to see 9 :at ! problem consi/$4 ,?is elicit$ f ! ru/ic philosoph] a long lett]1 f :i* ,i mu/ quote a few s5t5ces1 s *>act]i/ic ( ! circle-squ>+ tal5t & temp]3-- ,doctor ,morgan1 ,sir4 ,p]mit me to address y ,brute ,creation may p]haps enjoy ! faculty ( behold+ visible ?+s ) a m p5itrat+ eye ?an ourselves4 ,b ,spiritual objects are z f> out ( _! rea* z ?\gh !y _h no be+ ,ne>e/ !re=e to ! brute ,creation are ^? m5 :o ,suppose !mselves to be s f> gov]n$ by ext]nal objects z to believe no?+ b :at !y ,see & feel ,& ,c accom$ate to _! ,%all[ und]/&+ & ,imag9ations 444 ,:5 a ,g5tleman ( y\r ,/&+ 9 ,society 444 ,c n und]/& or ,solve a problem ,t is explicitly expla9$ by words & ,lett]s & ma!matacally op]at$ by figu]s ,he _h be/ consult ! wise prov]d ,d t :i* ?\ ,can/ und]/& & ,compreh5d = ?y good4 ,i w\ld recomm5d t ,su* ,g5tleman ,*ange 8 bus9ess ,& appropriate 8 "t & att5tion to a ,sunday ,s*ool to ,le>n :at he ,c\ld & keep ! ,litle ,*ildr5 =m durt+ _! ,close ,) ,s9c]e feel+s ( ,gratitude = y\r weakness & ,inability ,i am ,sir y\r ,sup]ior 9 ,ma!matics4 ,x4 ,y4 ,a few days aft] ?is elegant epi/le !re came to ,de ,morgan ano!r f ! same h&4 ,hodge _h s5t 8 pap]s to "s easy-go+ ,am]ican pr(essor1 ^: reply mu/ cle>ly h be5 too polite4 ,x is nev] safe to give y\r crank an in* ( com=t2 x w /raightway become an ell ( assurance4 ,?is ,am]ican savant1 cr[s ,ru/icus1 highly approves ( my "w4 ,& ,says he w ,insure me ,rew>d 9 ! ,/ates ,i write ?is t y may und]/& t ,i h k ( ! unfair way t ,i am treat$ 9 my own nati ,c\nty ,i am told & h reasons to believe t x is ! ,cl]gy t treat me s unju/4 ,i am n ,desiri\s ( heap+ ,disonors ^u my own nation4 ,b if ,i h to ,leave ?is k+dom )\t my ,j dues4 ,! _w ,%all "k h[ ,i am & h be5 treat$ ,i am ,sir ,desir\s ( my ,j dues ,x4 ,y4 ,a cynical philosoph] once said t y _c f9d s big a fool b !re w be "s bigg] fool to swe> by him2 & s our agricultural fri5d _h 8 admir+ disciple :o felt b\nd to break a lance = him ) ! unappreciative ,de ,morgan3-- ,he has done :at y nor any o!r ma!matician z ^? :o call !mselves su* h done4 ,& :at is ! reason t y w n c&idly ackn[l$ge to him 444 t he has squ>$ ! circle %all ,i tell y8 x is because he has p]=m$ ! feat to obta9 ! glory ( :i* ma!maticians h battl$ f "t immemorial t !y might encircle _! br[s ) a wrea? ( laurels f> m glori\s ?an ev] conqu]or won x is simply ?is t x is a poor man a humble artisan :o has ga9$ t victory t y don't l to ackn[l$ge x y don't l to be beat5 & worse to ackn[l$ge t y h miscalculat$1 y h 9 %ort too small a s\l to ackn[l$ge t he is "r4444 ,i am back$ 9 my op9ion n only by ,mr4 ,q4 a ma!matician & wat*mak] resid+ 9 ! boro ( ,s\?w>k b by no less an au?ority ?an ! ,pr(essor ( ma!matics ( 444 ,college ,unit$ ,/ates ,mr4 ,q & ,i presume t he at lea/ is y\r equal z an au?ority & ,mr4 ,q says t ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,u4 ,s4 w recomp5se ,x4 ,y4 = ! discov]y he has made if s :at a reflection ^u ,old engl& ! boa/$ l& ( fre$om ! nurs]y ( ! arts & sci5ces t h] sons are oblig$ to g to a =eign c\ntry to obta9 t recomp5se to :i* !y are ju/ly entitl$4#df ,ord9>ily1 ! aim ( ! p>adox]s is to a*ieve r5[n by do+ :at nobody ev] did4 ,h5ce ! fasc9ation ex]cis$ ^u !m by ^? app>5tly simple problems :i* already 9 anci5t times 7 recogniz$ z old /ick]s1 ! quadrature ( ! circle1 ! trisection ( angles1 & ! duplicature ( ! cube4 ,! anci5ts f\nd ^! geometric problems insolvable1 ?\gh x 0 left = mod]n algebra to po9t out ! reason1 namely1 t no quantities c be geometrically con/ruct$ f giv5 quantities1 except su* z c be =m$ f !m algebraically by ! solution ( quadratic equations2 if ! algebraic solution comes z ! root ( a cubic or biquadratic equation1 x _c be con/ruct$ by geometry4 ,aga9/ ?is hopeless wall ! cr[d ( p>adox]s w d\btless cont9ue to break _! heads until ! mill5nium dawns4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 our crank has a practical end 9 view1 z 9 ! num]\s attempts to discov] p]petual motion1 or1 9 o!r words1 to inv5t a ma*9e out ( :i* y c get indef9itely m en]gy ?an y put 94 ,x is n /range t _m ?\s&s ( doll>s h be5 wa/$ 9 ?is ef=t to recov] ,aladd9's lo/ lamp4 ,! notori\s ,keely motor is b "o ( a ho/ ( contrivances born & br$ ( crass ignorance ( ! alphabet ( dynamics4 ,b p]petual motion is n ! only =m assum$ by weal?-seek+ crank]y4 ,9 #ahfa a ,capta9 ,robl91 ( ,norm&y1 hav+ asc]ta9$ to 8 own satisfaction1 f ! prolong$ /udy ( ! zodiac ( ,d5d]ah1 ! sites ( sundry gold-m9es1 came =w>d ) proposals = a jo9t /ock company to dig & be ri*4 ,! lab\rs ( ,h]r ,johannes von ,gumpa* 7 ( a m philan?ropic turn4 ,he publi%$ 9 #ahfa a pamphlet entitl$ ,a ,million's ,wor? ( ,prop]ty & ,five ,hundr$ ,lives annually lo/ at ,sea by ! ,!ory ( ,gravitation4 ,a ,lett] on ! ,true ,figure ( ! ,e>?1 address$ to ! ,a/ronom] ,royal4 ,next ye> ?is pamphlet grew into a /\t volume4 ,x ma9ta9$ t a great _m %ipwrecks 7 occasion$ by errors ( navigation due to an errone\s conception ( ! %ape ( ! e>?4 ,s9ce ,newton's "t1 x has be5 suppos$ to be flatt5$ at ! poles1 :]eas ! amiable ,gumpa* calls ^u 8 fell[-creatures to take notice t x is elongat$1 & to m5d _! ways accord+ly4 ,! desire to prove great m5 wrong is "o ( ! crank's mo/ frequ5t & p[]ful inc5tives4 ,! "n ( ,newton is ! greate/ 9 ! hi/ory ( sci5ce3 h[ flatt]+ to "o's self x mu/ be1 !n1 to prove him a fool6 ,9 ecc5tric lit]ature ! books aga9/ ,newton are legion4 ,"h is a title3 ,david & ,golia?1 or an ,attempt to prove t ! ,newtonian ,sy/em ( ,a/ronomy is directly oppos$ to ! ,scriptures4 ,by ,william ,l&]1 ,m]e1 ,wilts1 #ahcc4 ,& "h is ,de ,morgan's t]se summ>y ( ! book3 ,newton is ,golia?2 ,mr4 ,l&] is ,david4 ,david took five pebbles2 ,mr4 ,l&] takes five argum5ts4 ,he expects opposition2 = ,paul & ,jesus bo? met ) x4 ,!re are few subjects ov] :i* cranks are m pa9fully ex]cis$ ?an ! figure ( ! e>?1 & its relations to heav5ly bodies4 ,ari/otle prov$ t ! e>? is a globe2 ,cop]nicus %[$ t x is "o ( a sy/em ( planets revolv+ ab\t ! sun2 ,newton expla9$ ! dynamics ( ?is sy/em4 ,b at l5g? came a c]ta9 ,john ,hampd51 :o ) dauntless brea/ ma9ta9$ t all ?is is wrong6 ,8 pamphlet 0 prud5tly d$icat$ to ! unpr(essional public & ! common s5se m5 ( ,europe & ,am]ica2 he knew t x c\ld f9d no favor ) bigot$ m5 ( sci5ce4 ,?is ,hampd51 l 8 great namesake1 is no?+ if n bold4 ,! ,newtonian or ,cop]nican !ory1 he tells u1 f ! fir/ h\r ( its inv5tion1 has nev] d>$ to submit to an appeal to facts6 ,aga91 ,def5d]s x nev] _h2 & no ?reats1 no taunts or exposure1 w ev] r\se ! en]gies ( a s+le *ampion4 ,9 o!r words1 a/ronom]s d n wa/e _! "t 9 notic+ ,mr4 ,hampd5's taunts & ?reats4 ,:y is ?is s8 ,8 next s5t5ce rem9ds u t c[>dice always accompanies consci\s guilt4 ,he goes on to tell u ! true /ate ( ! case3 ,! e>?1 z x came f ! h&s ( its ,almighty ,creator1 is a motionless ,plane1 bas$ & built ^u f\ndations :i* ! ,^w ( ,god expressly decl>es _c be se>*$ out or discov]$4444 ,! />s are h>dly bigg] ?an ! gas jets :i* light our /reets1 &1 if !y c\ld be made to *ange places ) !m1 no a/ronom] c\ld detect ! diff]5ce4 ,! ,nor? ,pole is ! c5tre ( ! flat e>?1 & its extreme s\!rn limit is n a ,s\? ,pole1 b a circle #cj1jjj miles 9 circumf]5ce4 ,night is caus$ by ! sun pass+ beh9d a lay] ( cl\ds #gjjj miles ?ick4 ,x is n gravitation :i* makes a riv] run d[n hill1 b ! impetus ( ! wat] beh9d press+ on ! wat] be=e4 ,is n ?is delici\s8 ,z = ,newton1 poor fell[1 he liv$ 9 a sup]/iti\s age & di/rict2 he 0 educat$ among an illit]ate peasantry4 ,?is is l ! way 9 :i* ! ,baconiz+ cranks dispose ( ,%akespe>e4 ,s zeal\s 0 ,mr4 ,hampd5 t 9 #ahgf he began publi%+ a p]iodical call$ ,! ,tru? ,seek]'s ,oracle4 ,simil> views 7 set =? by "o ,samuel ,r[bo?am1 :o wrote "u ! "n ( ,p>allax1 & by a ,william ,c>p5t]1 ^: pamphlet1 ,"o ,hundr$ ,pro(s t ! ,e>? is n a ,globe 7,baltimore1 #ahhe71 is q a curiosity2 = example1 ,pro( #cc3 ,if ! e>? 7 a globe1 p--except ^? on top--w\ld c]ta9ly h to be fa/5$ to its surface by "s means or o!r2444 b z we "k t we simply walk on its surface1 )\t any o!r aid ?an t :i* is necess>y = locomotion on a plane1 x foll[s t we h h]e9 a conclusive pro( t ,e>? is n a globe4 ,s9ce ,mr4 ,c>p5t] und]/&s ! matt] s ?or\ghly1 c we wond] at ! e>ne/ness ) :i* he rebukes ! late ,ri*>d ,proctor8 ,mr4 ,proctor1 we *>ge y t1 :il/ y tea* ! !ory ( ! e>?'s rotundity1 y ,,"k t x is a plane6 ,m orig9al ?an ,messrs4 ,hampd5 & ,c>p5t] are ! writ]s :o ma9ta9 t ! e>? is holl[1 & supports a teem+ population 9 its int]ior4 ,e>ly 9 ! pres5t c5tury ?is idea came ) ! =ce ( a revelation to ! m9d ( ,capta9 ,john ,cleves ,symmes1 a retir$ army (fic] engag$ 9 trade at ,/4 ,l\is4 ,9 #ahah he issu$ a circul>1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is an abridgm5t3 ,,to ,,all ,,! ,,_w ,i decl>e ! e>? is holl[ & habitable )92 conta9+ a numb] ( solid conc5tric sph]es1 "o )9 ! o!r1 & t x is op5 at ! poles twelve or sixte5 degrees4 ,i pl$ge my life 9 support ( ?is tru?1 & am ready to explore ! holl[1 if ! _w w support & aid me 9 ! und]tak+4444 ,my t]ms are ,he>1 ,messrs4 ,quay & ,platt6 & give e>1 ,o ,tammany6 ! ,,patronage ( ,,?is & ! ,,new ,,worlds4444 ,i select ,dr4 ,s4 ,l4 ,mit*ell1 ,sir ,h4 ,davy1 & ,b>on ,alex&] von ,humboldt z my protectors4 ,i ask "o hundr$ brave companions1 well equipp$1 to />t f ,sib]ia1 9 ! fall season1 ) re9de] & sleighs1 on ! ice ( ! froz5 sea4 ,i engage we f9d a w>m & ri* l&1 /ock$ ) ?rifty vegetables & animals1 if n m51 on rea*+ "o degree nor?w>d ( latitude #hb4 ,we w return 9 ! succe$+ spr+4 ,?is circul> 0 s5t by mail to m5 ( sci5ce1 colleges1 le>n$ societies1 legislatures1 & municipal bodies1 all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,europe2 = :5 x comes to po/age1 y\r crank seems always to h unlimit$ funds at 8 disposal4 ,at ,p>is1 ! di/+ui%$ travell]1 ,c\nt ,volney1 d\btless ) a significant %rug1 pres5t$ ! preci\s docum5t to ! ,academy ( ,sci5ces1 by :i* x 0 mir?fully laid ^u ! table4 ,n[h]e did le>n$ m5 take x s]i\sly2 x 0 g5]ally set d[n z a r /upid hoax4 ,b1 no?+ daunt$ by su* treatm5t1 ! wor?y ,symmes began giv+ lectures on ! subject1 & succe$$ 9 mak+ "s impression ^u an un9/ruct$ public4 ,9 #ahbd 8 audi5ce at ,hamilton1 ,ohio1 at ! close ( a lecture1 resolv$1 t we e/eem ,symmes' ,!ory ( ! ,e>? des]v+ ( s]i\s exam9ation & wor?y ( ! att5tion ( ! ,am]ican p4 ,at a !atre 9 ,c9c9nati1 a b5efit 0 giv5 = ! propos$ pol> exp$ition1 & v]ses 7 recit$ suitable to ! occasion3-- ,has n ,columbia "o aspir+ son ,by :om ! unfad+ laurel may be won8 ,yes6 hi/ory's p5 may yet inscribe ! "n ,( ,,symmes to grace h] future scroll ( fame4 ,! capta9's petitions to ,congress1 h[ev]1 pray+ = %ips & m51 7 he>tlessly laid on ! table1 & no?+ 0 left him b to keep on cry+ 9 ! wild]ness1 :i* he did until 8 dea? 9 #ahbi4 ,9 ! cemet]y at ,hamilton1 ! free/one monum5t ov] 8 grave1 plac$ !re by 8 son1 ,am]icus ,symmes1 is surm\nt$ ) a holl[ globe1 op5 at ! poles4 ,half a c5tury lat] ! son publi%$ a pamphlet1#dg 9 :i* he gave a some:at detail$ exposition ( 8 fa!r's notions4 ,f ?is we le>n t ! int]ior _w is well light$2 = ! sun's rays1 pass+ ?r\gh ! d5se cold air ( ! v]ges 7t is1 ! circul> edge ( ! big pol> hole71 are p[]fully refract$1 & aft] gett+ inside !y are =?) reflect$ f "o concave surface to ano!r1 ) ! result t ! :ole int]ior is illum9at$ ) a light equal to #cfjj times t ( ! full moon4 ,we le>n1 too1 t ! fam\s ,sw$i% geograph]1 ,norp5sj\ld 7semp] sic671 aft] pass+ ! magnetic pole1 f\nd a timb]$ c\ntry ) l>ge riv]s & abundant animal life4 ,aft]w>d "o ,capta9 ,wigg9s visit$ ?is c\ntry1 :]e he f\nd flax & :eat1 highly magnetic iron ore1 & ri* m9es ( copp] & gold4 ,! trees are z big z any 9 ,cali=nia2 hides1 wool1 tall[1 ivory1 & furs ab\nd4 ,! inhabitants are v tall1 ) ,roman noses1 & speak ,hebrew4 ,yes1 e*oes ,capta9 ,tuttle1 an old :al]1 :o also has visit$ ?is new c\ntry1 !y speak ,hebrew1 & are a sm>t p4 ,w\ld x n be logical1 writes ,am]icus1 to ?9k t ?is 0 "o ( ! lo/ tribes ( ,israel8 = we read 9 ! ,bible t !y w5t up ! ,euphrates to ! nor? & dwelt 9 a l& :]e man nev] dwelt be=e4 ,j s2 evid5tly1 ,messrs4 ,norp5sj\ld1 ,wigg9s1 & ,tuttle sail$ across ! v]ge & into ! int]ior c\ntry1 ! concave _w1 :i* %all h5ce=? be kn[n z ,symmzonia6 ,! book ends ) ! triumphant qu]y1 ,:]e 7 ^? explor]s if n 9 ! ,holl[ ( ! ,e>?1 & w\ld !y n h come out at ! ,s\? ,pole if !y _h cont9u$ on _! c\rse8 ,x is sad to h su* positive conclusions disput$1 b ev5 9 ecc5tric lore ! doctors are f\nd to disagree4 ,sc>cely _h ,am]icus put =? 8 revis$ edition1 :5 a pamphlet entitl$ ,! ,inn] ,_w1 by ,fr$]ick ,culm]1 0 publi%$ at ,salt ,lake ,city 7#ahhf74 ,its *apt]s h res\nd+ titles3 ,i4 ,! ,univ]sal ,vacuity ( ,c5tres2 ,,ii4 ,! ,pol> ,orifices ( ! ,e>?2 ,,iii4 ,! ,alleg$ ,nor?we/ ,passage & ,symmes' ,hole4 ,we are told t al?\gh ! pol> orifices h diamet]s ( ab\t a ?\s& miles ea*1 nev]!less1 9 spite ( ,wigg9s & ,tuttle1 !re is no passage to ! inn] _w on ! nor? ( ,am]ica2 on ! contr>y1 x mu/ be s\ght )9 ! ant>ctic circle4 ,b ,mr4 ,culm] w\ld disc\rage ra% attempts at exploration1 & believes t no man w be able to plant ! /&>d ( 8 c\ntry on any l& 9 t region wor? "o dime to himself or any "o else at pres5t4 ,= ?is gloomy outlook we mu/ try to console ourselves ) ! k t ,mr4 ,culm] has detect$ ! true explanation ( ! ,aurora ,borealis3 ,x is ! sun's rays %9+ on a placid int]ior ocean & reflect+ ^u ! out] atmosph]e4 ,a fav\rite occupation ( cranks is ! discov]y ( hidd5 mean+s 9 ?+s4 ,:e!r we are to say t ! passionate que/ ( ! occult has be5 prolific 9 m5tal di/urbances1 or :e!r we _h bett] say t p]sons ) ill-balanc$ m9ds take especial delight 9 ! se>* = ! occult1 ! practical result is ab\t ! same4 ,! impell+ motive is n v diff]5t f t ( ! circle-squ>]s2 x is pleas+ to "o's self-love to feel t "o disc]ns ?+s to :i* all o!r p are bl9d4 ,h5ce ! numb] ( m>e's-ne/s t h be5 complac5tly />$ into by le>n$ donkeys is legion4 ,m]e erudition is no sure safegu>d aga9/ ! subtle =ms :i* ! temptation takes on1 z we may see f ! +5uity t has be5 wa/$ on ! ,great ,pyramid4 ,9 #ahfd1 ,piazzi ,smy?1 ,a/ronom] ,royal = ,scotl&1 publi%$ 8 book entitl$ ,our ,inh]itance 9 ! ,great ,pyramid1 & aft]w>d foll[$ x ) o!r simil> books4 ,:atev] may h be5 ! orig9al complexion ( ?is g5tleman's m9d1 x 0 n su* z to prev5t 8 atta9+ di/9ction & a*iev+ usefulness z a practical a/ronom]4 ,b ! pyramids 7 too mu* = 8 m5tal equilibrium4 ,z ,de ,morgan k9dly puts x1 8 "w on ,egypt is p>adox ( a v high ord]1 back$ by a great quantity ( useful lab\r1 ! results ( :i* w be made available by ^? :o d n receive ! p>adoxes4 ,! pyramidal tombs ( ,egyptian k+s 7 an evolution 9 /one or brick f ! tumulus ( e>? :i* 9 prehi/oric ages 0 heap$ ov] ! body ( ! w> *ief4 ,!y are objects ( r>e dignity & int]e/1 n only f _! imm5se size1 b f sundry peculi>ities 9 _! con/ruction4 ,9 _! ori5tation great c>e 0 tak51 ?\gh usually ) imp]fect success4 ,_! sides face ! f\r c>d9al po9ts1 & ! desc5d+ entry-way =ms a k9d ( telescope1 f ! bottom ( :i* an obs]v]1 sixty c5turies ago1 c\ld look out at :at 0 !n ! pole/>4 ,^! & o!r features ( ! pyramids are no d\bt connect$ ) ,egyptian religion1 & may v likely h subs]v$ a/rological purposes4 ,b :at say ! pyramid cranks1 or pyramidali/s1 z !y h be5 call$8 ,accord+ to !m1 ! build]s ( ! ,great ,pyramid 7 sup]naturally in/ruct$1 probably by ,mel*iz$ek1 ,k+ ( ,salem4 ,?us !y 7 enabl$ to place x 9 latitude #cj ,n42 to make its f\r sides face ! c>d9al po9ts2 to adopt ! sacr$ cubit1 or "o tw5ty million? "p ( ! e>?'s pol> axis1 z _! unit ( l5g?2 & to make ! side ( ! squ>e base equal to j s _m ( ^! sacr$ cubits z !re are days & p>ts ( a day 9 a ye>4 ,!y 7 fur!r by sup]natural help enabl$ to squ>e ! circle1 & symboliz$ _! victory ov] ?is problem by mak+ ! pyramid's height be> to ! p]imet] ( ! base ! ratio :i* ! radius ( a circle be>s to ! circumf]5ce4#dh ,9 l mann]1 by imm$iate div9e revelation1 ! build]s ( ! pyramid 7 in/ruct$ z to ! exact %ape & d5sity ( ! e>?1 ! sun's di/ance1 ! precession ( ! equ9oxes1 etc41 s t _! figures on all ^! subjects 7 m accurate ?an any t mod]n sci5ce has obta9$1 & ^! figures !y built into ! pyramid4 ,!y also built into x ! div9ely reveal$ & ev]la/+ /&>ds ( l5g?1 area1 capacity1 weight1 d5sity1 heat1 "t1 & money1 & f9ally !y wr\ght into its /ructure ! precise date at :i* ! mill5nium is to beg94 ,all ?is valuable in=mation1 h&$ d[n directly f heav51 0 ?us securely bottl$ up 9 ! ,great ,pyramid = six ?\s& ye>s or s1 await+ ! auspici\s day :5 ,mr4 ,piazzi ,smy? %\ld come & draw ! cork4 ,:y s mu* k %\ld h be5 be/[$ ^u ! ar*itects ( ,k+ ,*eops1 only to be conceal$ f po/]ity1 is a p]t95t "q2 & "o may also ask1 :y 0 x wor? :ile to br+ a ,piazzi ,smy? into ! _w to reveal x1 s9ce plodd+ human reason _h aft] all by sl[ degrees discov]$ e bit ( x1 except ! date ( ! mill5nium8 ,:y1 moreov]1 did ! revelation ?us elaborately buri$ 9 or ab\t ,b4 ,c4 #djjj come j abrea/ ( ! sci5tific k ( ,a4 ,d4 #ahfd1 & !re /op %ort8 ,is x cr$ible t old ,mel*iz$ek knew no?+ ab\t ! telephone1 or ! ,ro5tg5 ray1 or ! *ol]a bacillus8 ,our pyramidali/s %\ld be m ent]pris+1 & elicit f _! v5]able feti% "s useful h9ts z to wireless telegraphy1 or ! v5tilation ( ,pullman c>s1 or ! purification ( ,p5nsylvania politics4 ,p]haps ! la/-nam$ problem might vie 9 difficulty ) squ>+ ! circle6 ,! lucubrations ( ,piazzi ,smy?1 l ^? ( ,miss ,delia ,bacon1 call$ into exi/5ce a consid]able quantity ( ecc5tric lit]ature4 ,= example1 !re is ,sk9n]'s ,key to ! ,hebrew-,egyptian ,my/]y 9 ! ,s\rce ( ,measures orig9at+ ! ,briti% ,in* & ! ,anci5t ,cubit1 publi%$ 9 ,c9c9nati 9 #ahge1 a tall octavo ( #cbd pages1 bri/l+ ) diagrams & decimals1 ,hebrew words & log>i?ms4 ,! book beg9s by gett+ ! circle neatly squ>$1 & !n goes on to av] t sundry crosses1 includ+ ! ,*ri/ian cross1 are an emblematic display ( ! orig9 ( measures4 ,! m\nd-build]s come 9 = a %>e ( ! au?or's att5tion2 = ! m\nds are alike ,typhonic emblems ) ! pyramid ( ,egypt & ) ,hebrew symbols4 ,a ,typhonic emblem relates to ,typhon1 ! "l ( sepulture1 ^: ,egyptian repres5tative 0 ! crocodile1 z 8 ,hebrew repres5tative 0 ! hog2 exemplifi$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian books by ! devil leav+ ! man & pass+ into ! h]d ( sw9e1 :i* !reupon ru%$ into ! sea1 ano!r emblem ( ,typhon4 ,yet ano!r su* emblem is a m\nd 9 ,ohio :i* simulates ! cont\r ( an alligator4 ,a c]ta9 ,aztec pyramid1 describ$ by ,humboldt1 has #cah ni*es1 app>5tly 9 allusion to ! days ( ! old ,mexican civil cal5d>4 ,mr4 ,sk9n] sees 9 ?is num]al ! value ( ,pi1 & fur!rmore in=ms u t #cah is ! ,gno/ic symbol = ,*ri/1 z well z ! numb] ( ,abraham's tra9$ s]vants4 ,frequ5t use ( x is made 9 ! ,great ,pyramid2 = example1 multipli$ by six x gives ! height ( ! k+'s *amb]1 & multipli$ by two x gives half ! base side ( t ap>tm5t4 ,our au?or !n puts ! pyramid into a sph]e1 & aft] ?is feat x is an easy transition to ,noah's flood1 ! zodiac1 & mod]n ritualism4 ,( simil> purport1 ?\gh m concise ?an ?is octavo1 is ,dr4 ,watson ,qu9by's ,solomon's ,seal1 a ,key to ! ,pyramid1 publi%$ at ,wilm+ton1 ,delaw>e1 9 #ahhj4 ,f ?is little book we le>n t 9 ! e>ly days ( ! _w "s "o measur$ ! e>?1 & f\nd its diamet]1 9 r\nd numb]s1 to be #da1efi1jjj feet1 or #dih1hbh1jjj in*es2 also t ,vi%nu means ,fi%-,nuh1 ,noah-!-,fi%1 9 allusion to 8 soj\rn 9 ! ark4 ,moreov]1 ! ,in/itutes ( ,manu 7 writt5 by ,noah1 s9ce ,maha-,nuh ,great-,noah6 ,) equal felicity1 ,rev4 ,edw>d ,d+le 79 8 ,! ,balance ( ,physics1 ! ,squ>e ( ! ,circle1 & ! ,e>?'s ,true ,sol> & ,lun> ,di/ances1 ,london1 #ahhe1 pp4 #bdf7 decl>es t my success1 let x be held :at x may1 0 secur$ by cleav+ to ! ,mosaic initiation ( ! ,sabbatic numb] = my radius4 ,at ! end ( 8 book ,mr4 ,d+le exclaims3 ,to ! ,"l be all ?anksgiv+1 :o has kept my intellect & ! direct+ ( its ?\ghts s\nd1 :ile seek+ to deliv] 8 ^w f ! exult+ %\ts ( 8 enemies & ! s$uc]s ( mank9d6 ,f ^! grotesque rigm>oles x is n a long /ep to ! lucubrations ( ! writ]s 9 ^: bonnets ! bee ( prophecy has buzz$ until !y h come to fancy !mselves skill$ int]pret]s4 ,!re is apt to be ! same droll mix+ ( ari?metic ) hi/ory t we f9d among ! pyramid cranks1 & to ! p]=mance ( su* antics ! book ( ,daniel & ! ,apocalypse pres5t irresi/ible temptations4 ,9 my libr>y days1 ,i nev] us$ to pick up a comm5t>y on ei!r ( ^? books )\t look+ = "s ( ! /igmata or wit*-m>ks ( crank]y4 ,_m a feeble intellect has be5 toppl$ ov] by t %9+ image1 ) head ( gold & feet ( iron & clay1 :i* ,nebu*adnezz> beheld 9 a dream4 ,= example1 let u take a few s5t5ces f ,emmanuel3 ,an ,orig9al & ,exhau/ive ,comm5t>y on ,creation & ,provid5ce ,alike4 ,by an ,octog5>ian ,layman1 ,london1 #ahhc1 pp4 #dbj3 ,upw>ds ( ?irty ye>s ago1 a fancy = *ronological rese>*1 fo/]$ by b\ndless leisure & a compet5t facility 9 m5tal calculation1 rivet$ my att5tion on ! metallic image1 9 ! vague hope ( symmetriz+ ! f\r sections ( ! collective emblem ) ! successive dom9ations ( ! individual empires4 ,fail+ 9 s %ad[y an aspiration1 ,i seem$ to be m ?an comp5sat$ by detect+ an id5tity ( duration1 equally pregnant & positive1 betwe5 ! gold & ! silv] & ! brass & ! iron tak5 toge!r on ! "o h&1 & ! m\nta9 t 0 to cru% !m all to p[d] on ! o!r1--! =m] aggregate be+ assum$ to /ret* f ,nebu*adnezz>'s succession 9 #fjf ,b4 ,c4 to ! de?ronem5t ( ,augu/ulus 9 #dgf ,a4 ,d41 & ! latt] aga9 f ! epo* j specifi$ to ,elizabe?'s purgation ( ! ,sanctu>y 9 #aeeh4 ,hav+ ?us tak5 two equal p]iods ( #ajhb ye>s1 our ,octog5>ian proce$s to break !m up 7,heav5 kn[s :y67 ea* into f\r p]iods ( #fh1 #bjd1 #bfi1 & #eda ye>s4 ,!n we are treat$ to ! foll[+ equations3-- #fh #b #cd #bjd #f #cd #bfi #e #cd #c #cc #eda #ac #cd #c #cc ,h5ce1 ) su* a fulcrum z ! ,lamb sla9 be=e ! f\ndation ( ! _w1 & su* a lev] z ! span ( ! ,victim's sublun>y humiliation1 0 ,i too ra% 9 aim+ at a result inf9itely gr&] ?an ,ar*im$es's speculative displacem5t ( ! e>?8 ,t em95t ma!matician1 ,dr4 ,na?aniel ,b[dit*1 us$ to say t sometimes1 :5 ,laplace pass$ f "o equation to ! next ) an evid5tly1 he w\ld f9d a week's /udy necess>y to cross ! abyss :i* ! transc5d5t m9d ( ! ma/] trav]s$ 9 a s+le leap4 ,i fancy t m ?an a week w\ld be ne$$ to fa?om ! ,octog5>ian's h5ce1 & x w\ld by no means be wor? :ile to g ?r\gh s mu* & get s little4 ,aft] a few pages ( ! ,octog5>ian1 we are prep>$ to he> t 9 #agej "o ,h5ry ,sullam> squ>$ ! circle by ! numb] ( ! ,bea/ ) sev5 heads & t5 horns2 & t 9 #agec a c]ta9 ,fr5* (fic]1 ,m4 de ,causans1 cut a circul> piece ( turf1 squ>$ x1 & d$uc$ orig9al s9 & ! ,tr9ity4#di ,! read] is d\btless by ?is "t we>y ( s mu* tomfool]y2 b z x is ne$ful1 = ! due compreh5sion ( crank]y & its crot*ets1 t he %\ld by & by h /ill m ( x1 ,i w give him a mom5t's relief :ile ,i tell ( a little game ) :i* ,de ,morgan & ,:ewell once amus$ !mselves4 ,! task 0 to make a s5t5ce :i* %\ld conta9 all ! lett]s ( ! alphabet1 & ea* only once4 ,no "o1 says ,de ,morgan1 has done x ) v & j treat$ z consonants2 b y & ,i c d x 7u & i3 oh1 mon/r\s pun674 ,dr4 ,:ewell got only sep>ate words1 & fail$ to make a s5t5ce3 phiz1 /yx1 wrong1 buck1 flame1 quid4 ,v pretty1 b ,de ,morgan beat him out ( sight ) ?is weird s5tim5t2 ,i1 qu>tz pyx1 :o fl+ muck b$s6 ,well1 :at 9 ! _w c t mean8 ,i long ?\ght t no human be+ c\ld say x "u any circum/ances4 ,at la/ ,i happ5$ to be read+ a religi\s writ]--z he ?\ght himself--:o ?rew asp]sions on 8 oppon5ts ?ick & ?reefold4 ,heyday6 came into my head1 ?is fell[ fl+s muck b$s3 he mu/ be a qu>tz pyx4 ,& !n ,i rememb]$ t a pyx is a sacr$ vessel1 & qu>tz is a h>d /one1 z h>d z ! he>t ( a religi\s foe-curs]4 ,s t ! l9e is ! motto ( ! f]oci\s sect>ian1 :o turns 8 religi\s vessels into mud-hold]s = ! b5efit ( ^? :o w n see :at he sees4#ej ,i cite ?is droll]y to %[ ! _w-wide diff]5ce betwe5 ! playful nons5se ( ! wise man & ! /r5u\s nons5se ( ! monomaniac2 9 ?is little cabbala alphabetica1 moreov]1 a great deal ( ! cabali/ic lore :i* cumb]s libr>y %elves is neatly satiriz$4 ,z already obs]v$1 my rule 0 nev] to put into ! class ( ecc5tric lit]ature any books save su* z seem$ to h emanat$ f diseas$ bra9s4 ,to hold & absurd belief1 to write 9 its def5se1 to %ape "o's c>e] 9 accordance ) x1 is no pro( ( an uns\nd m9d4 ,( ! hundr$s ( en?usia/s :o sp5t _! lives 9 que/ ( ! philosoph]'s /one1 _m 7 d\btless cranks2 b _m 7 able ?9k]s :o made ! be/ use !y c\ld ( ! sci5tific res\rces ( ! "t4 ,wrong ways mu/ (t5 be tri$ be=e ! "r way c be f\nd4 ,ev5 ! e>ly circle-squ>]s _c fairly be *>g$ ) crank]y2 !y s9n$ aga9/ no light t 0 accessible to !m4 ,b anybody :o to-day %\ld adv]tise a recipe = turn+ base metals into gold w\ld meet ) a *ill welcome f *emi/s4 ,he w\ld spe$ily be po/$ z a quack1 ?\gh d\btless _m weak heads w\ld be turn$ by him4 ,x is ! p]v]se s9n+ aga9/ light t is "o ( ! mo/ abid+ features ( crank]y1 & f ?is po9t ( view su* a book z ,co9's ,f9ancial ,s*ool has _m claims = admission to ! limbo ( ecc5tric lit]ature4 ,ab\t sev5ty ye>s ago1 "o ,john ,rank+ publi%$ 9 ,london a volume entitl$ ,hi/orical ,rese>*es on ! ,conque/ ( ,p]u1 ,mexico1 ,bogota1 ,nat*ez1 & ,talomeco1#ea 9 ! ,?irte5? ,c5tury1 by ! ,mongols1 accompani$ ) ,elephants4 ,x is well kn[n t 9 #abha ! ,mongols1 aft] conqu]+ pretty mu* ev]y?+ f ! ,c>pa?ian ,m\nta9s & ! riv] ,euphrates to ! ,yell[ ,sea1 invad$ ,japan4 ,a typhoon disp]s$ _! fleet2 & _! army ( m ?an #ajj1jjj m51 cut (f f its communications1 0 completely annihilat$ by ! ,japanese4 ,b ,mr4 ,rank+ believ$ t ?is :olesale de/ruction 0 a fiction ( ! *ronicl]s4 ,he ma9ta9$ t mo/ ( ! army escap$ 9 a new fleet & cross$ ! ,pacific ,ocean1 tak+ ) !m a ho/ ( elephants1 ) ! aid ( :i* !y made ext5sive conque/s 9 ,am]ica & f\nd$ k+doms 9 ,mexico & ,p]u4 ,! widespread fossil rema9s ( ! ,am]ican ma/odon he took to be ! bones ( ^! ,mongolian elephants4 ,n[1 ?is is an extremely wild !ory1 uns\nd & unt5able 9 e p>ticul>1 b x does n br+ ,mr4 ,rank+'s book )9 ! class ( ecc5tric lit]ature4 ,! au?or 0 defici5t 9 s*ol>%ip & 9 critical judgm5t1 b he 0 n daft4 ,a v diff]5t v]dict mu/ be r5d]$ 9 ! case ( ,mr4 ,edw9 ,johnson's book1 call$ ,! ,rise ( ,*ri/5dom1 publi%$ 9 ,london 9 #ahij1 an octavo ( #ejj pages4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,johnson1 ! rise ( ,*ri/5dom began 9 ! twelf? c5tury ( our era1 & x 0 prec$$ by two c5turies ( ,hebrew religion1 :i* />t$ 9 ,moslem ,spa96 ,fir/ came ,islam1 !n ,judaism1 !n ,*ri/ianity4 ,! g5esis ( bo? ! latt] 0 connect$ ) t revolt aga9/ ,islam :i* we call ! ,crusades4 ,:at we suppose to be ! hi/ory ( ,israel1 z well z t ( ! fir/ elev5 ,*ri/ian c5turies1 is a gigantic lie1 concoct$ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury by ! monks ( ,/4 ,basil & ,/4 ,b5$ict4 ,! ,roman emp]ors knew no?+ ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! multif>i\s allusions to x 9 anci5t writ]s 7 all expla9$ by ,mr4 ,johnson z fraudul5t int]polations4 ,z = ! ,greek & ,lat9 fa!rs1 !y nev] exi/$4 ,! excell5t /yli/1 :o writes "u ! "n ( ,lactantius1 n e>li] ?an ! f\rte5? c5tury2 ! ,augu/9ian ( ! f\rte5? or fifte5? c5tury1 :o writes ! romantic ,confessions1--su* is ! airy way 9 :i* ! matt] is dispos$ (4 ,z = ! ,new ,te/am5t1 x is n yet cle> :e!r ! book 0 fir/ writt5 9 ,lat9 or 9 ,greek4 ,?is rem9ds me ( some?+ once said by ,rev4 ,rob]t ,taylor1 a crazy cl]gyman :o 9 #ahba suff]$ imprisonm5t = blasphemy1 & came to be kn[n z ! ,devil's ,*apla94 ,taylor decl>$ t = ! book ( ,revelation !re 0 no ,greek orig9al at all1 b ,erasmus wrote x 9 ,switz]l&1 9 ! ye> #aeaf4 ,! audi5ce1 or "p ( x1 probably took ,taylor's ^w z suffici5t2 & 9 l mann] n a syllable ( pro( is alleg$ = ,mr4 ,johnson's prodigi\s ass]tions4 ,f cov] to cov]1 !re is no trace ( a consci\sness t pro( is ne$$2 x is simply1 ,?us sai? ,edw9 ,johnson4 ,! man :o c write su* a book is surely incapable ( mak+ a valid w4 ,ano!r acute phase ( insanity is exemplifi$ 9 ,nason's ,hi/ory ( ! ,prehi/oric ,ages1 writt5 by ! ,anci5t ,hi/oric ,b& ( ,spirits 7,*icago1 #ahhj74 ,?is is a m$iumi/ic affair4 ,! anci5t b& consi/s ( f\r-&-tw5ty spirits1 ! elde/ ( :om occupi$ a mat]ial body #df1jjj ye>s ago1 & ! y\nge/ #cjjj ye>s ago4 ,!y dictat$ to ,mr4 ,nason ! n>rative1 :i* beg9s ) ! orig9 ( ! sol> sy/em & comes d[n to ,romulus & ,remus1 betray+ on e page ! pret]natural dullness & ignorance s *>act]i/ic ( all ! spirits ) :om m$iums h deal+s4 ,conc]n+ ! ,bacon-,%akespe>e lunacy a ^w mu/ suffice4 ,z ,i h %[n 9 a previ\s essay1 ! d\bt conc]n+ ! au?or%ip ( ,%akespe>e's plays 0 9 "p a reaction aga9/ ! extravagances ( dot+ comm5tators2 b 9 its orig9al =m x 0 simply an insane freak4 ,! un=tunate lady :o gave x curr5cy belong$ to a di/+ui%$ ,connecticut family1 & ! /ory ( h] malady is a sad "o4 ,at ! age ( eight-&-=ty %e di$ 9 ! asylum at ,h>t=d1 two ye>s aft] ! publication ( h] book1 ,! ,philosophy ( ,%akespe>e's ,plays ,unfold$4 ,! sugge/ion ( h] illu/ri\s namesake1 & p]haps k9sman1 z ! au?or ( ,%akespe>e's works1 0 a cle> in/ance ( ! megalomania :i* is a well-kn[n symptom ( p>anoia2 & h] book has all ! hazy incoh]5ce t is s quickly recognizable 9 ! writ+s ( ! insane4 ,a fri5d ( m9e once ask$ me if ,i did n f9d x h>d to cat* h] mean+4 ,mean+6 ,i exclaim$1 !re's none to cat*4 ,among ! books ( h] foll[]s are all degrees ( ecc5tricity4 ,t ( ,na?aniel ,holmes /&s ^u ! ?re%old ( ! limbo2 :ile z = ,ignatius ,donnelly1 all 8 works belong 9 its d>ke/ recesses4 ,! consid]ations :i* w\ld lead "o to consign a book to t limbo are (t5 complex4 ,!re is ,miss ,m>ie ,br[n's book1 ,! ,icel&ic ,discov]]s ( ,am]ica2 or1 ,hon\r to :om ,hon\r is ,due4 ,9 ma9ta9+ t ,columbus knew all ab\t ! voyages ( ! ,nor?m5 to ,v9l&1 & 0 help$ !reby 9 f9d+ 8 way to ! ,bahamas1 !re is no?+ necess>ily ecc5tric4 ,pr(essor ,rasmus ,&]son has def5d$ t !sis 9 a book :i* is able & s*ol>ly1 a book :i* e read] mu/ treat ) respect1 ev5 ?\gh he may n f9d its argum5ts conv9c+4 ,b :5 ,miss ,br[n decl>es t ! papacy has be5 p>tn] 9 a conspiracy = depriv+ ! ,sc&9avians ( ! cr$it due !m z discov]]s ( ,am]ica1 & assures u t ?is is a matt] 9 :i* ! int]e/s ( civil & religi\s lib]ty are at /ake1 "o beg9s to ta/e ! que] flav\r2 &1 tak+ ?is 9 connection ) ! atmosph]e ( rage :i* p]vades ! book1 "o feels incl9$ to place x 9 ! limbo4 ,= example3 ,:at b ,ca?olic g5ius1 ! g5ius = deceit1 = trick]y1 = secrecy1 = wick$ & diabolical ma*9ations1 c\ld h pursu$ su* a sy/em ( fraud = c5turies z ! "o n[ be+ expos$6 ,:at b ,ca?olic g5ius1 a prolific g5ius = evil1 w\ld h attempt$ to rob ! ,norsem5 ( _! fame1444 & to foi/ a mis]able ,italian adv5tur] & up/>t ^u ,am]icans z ! true c&idate = ^! po/hum\s hon\rs1--! man or sa9t to :om !y are to d homage1 & ?r\gh ?is homage all[ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to slip ! yoke ( spiritual subjection ov] _! necks6 ,a %rill note ( ang] is sometimes ! sure e>-m>k ( a book f ,que] ,/reet4 ,ang] is1 inde$1 a k9d ( transi5t mania1 & ecc5tric lit]ature is apt to be writt5 9 high dudgeon4 ,:5 y take up a pamphlet by ,v9dex1 & read ! title1 ,a ,box on ,bo? ,e>s to ! ,p[]s t ought n to be at ,wa%+ton1 y may be prep>$ to f9d incoh]5cy4 ,i once catalogu$ an edition ( ,plut>*'s little essay on ,sup]/ition1 & 0 ab\t to let x g on its way1 along ) ord9>y ,greek books1 :5 my eye happ5$ to fall ^u ! la/ s5t5ce ( ! editor's preface3 ,i t]m9ate ?is my ,preface by consign+ all ,greek ,s*ol>s to ! special c>e ( ,beelzebub4 ,oho6 ,i ?\ght1 !re's a clov5 foot "h2 p]haps1 if we explore fur!r1 we may get a :iff ( brim/one4 ,& x 0 s4 ,x ?us appe>s t ! topics treat$ 9 ecc5tric lit]ature are num]\s & manifold4 ,n only1 moreov]1 has ?is dep>tm5t its vigor\s prose-writ]s2 x has also its inspir$ poets4 ,witness ! foll[+ l9es f ! volume entitl$ ,eucleia 7,salem1 #ahfa73-- ,h>k1 he> t di/ant boo-oo-oo1 ,z1 walk+ by moonlight1 ,he :i/les1 in/ruct+ ,c>lo ,to be /ill1 & n bite4 ,b ev5 ?is l(ty flight ( inspiration is out-fl[n by ,mr4 ,john ,l&is1 :o 0 limn] & draughtsman z well z poet4 ,9 8 ,treatise on ,magnify+ ,god 7,new ,york1 #ahdc7 he gives u an engrav$ portrait ( himself surr\nd$ by m9i/]+ angels1 & accompanies x by an ode to himself1 "o v]se ( :i* w suffice3-- ,) ,messrs4 ,milton1 ,watts1 & ,wesley1 ,famili> ?y ,"n w e'er be4 ,( ,am]ica's ,poets ?\ ,/&'/ on ! =emo/ li/ n[2 ,on ! p9ions ( fame does %9e1 ,l&is6 bright5$ by ev'ry l9e1 ,f ?y poetic p5 9 rhyme1 ,?y "n desc5ds to ! end ( "t4 ,immortality ( fame is some?+ desir$ by _m1 b atta9$ by few4 ,physical immortality is some?+ :i* has hi!rto be5 suppos$ to be inexorably d5i$ to human be+s4 ,! phrase ,all m5 are mortal figures 9 textbooks ( logic z ! true/ ( truisms4 ,b we h lately be5 assur$ t ?is is a mi/ake4 ,x is only an induction bas$ ^u simple enum]ation1 & ! fir/ man :o escapes dea? w disprove x4 ,s1 at lea/1 ,i 0 told by a v d[nright p]son :o call$ on me "s ye>s ago ) a huge p>cel ( manuscript1 = :i* he want$ me to f9d him a publi%]4 ,he _h be5 cruelly snubb$ & ill-us$1 b tru? w\ld surely prevail ov] bigotry1 z 9 ,galileo's case4 ,i took 8 address & let him leave 8 manuscript4 ,its recipe = physical immortality1 dilut$ ?r\gh #fjj foolscap pages1 0 simply to le>n h[ to g )\t food6 ,usually su* a regim5 w kill y by ! fif? day1 b if1 at t critical mom5t1 :ile at ! po9t ( dea?1 y make "o h]oic ef=t & /ay alive1 :y1 !n y w h ov]come ! ,k+ ( ,t]rors once = all4 ,i return$ ! g5tleman's manuscript ) a polite note1 regrett+ t 8 l9e ( rese>* 0 s remote f ^? to :i* ,i 0 accu/om$ t ,i c\ld n give him intellig5t aid4 ,on "o ( ! beautiful hills ( ,pet]%am1 ne> ! c5tre ( ,massa*usetts1 !re dwelt a few ye>s s9ce a small religi\s community ( p]sons :o believ$ t !y 7 de/9$ to escape dea?4 ,n sci5ce1 b fai?1 _h won = !m ?is boon4 ,!y believ$ t ! ?ird p]son ( ! ,tr9ity 0 inc>nat$ 9 _! lead] or high prie/1 ,fa!r ,h[l&4 ,?is community1 ,i believe1 came f ,rhode ,isl& ab\t =ty ye>s ago1 & at ! height ( its prosp]ity may h numb]$ tw5ty-five or ?irty m5 & wom54 ,_! e/abli%m5t consi/$ ( "o l>ge mans>d-ro($ h\se1 ) b>ns & %$s & a good-siz$ f>m4 ,_! h\sekeep+ 0 tidy1 & !y put up apple-sauce4 ,!y ma9ta9$ t ! eighte5 & a half c5turies ( ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian era h really be5 ! disp5sation ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 & t ! true ,*ri/ian era 0 u%]$ 9 by ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 ! p]son ( ,fa!r ,h[l&1 ?r\gh believ+ 9 :om ,*ri/ians might atta9 to et]nal life on ?is planet4 ,!y _h _! ,sabba? on ,saturday1 & work$ 9 ! fields on ,sunday2 & !y made sundry di/9ctions betwe5 clean & unclean foods1 bas$ ^u _! sl5d] und]/&+ ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,= a few ye>s ^! wor?y p enjoy$ ! simple rural life on _! pleasant hillside )\t hav+ _! dream ( immortality rudely te/$4 ,:5 "o memb] fell ill & di$1 & 0 pres5tly foll[$ by ano!r1 x 0 easy to dispose ( su* cases by ass]t+ t ! deceas$ 7 n true believ]s2 !y 7 black %eep1 hypocrites1 pret5d]s1 :it$ sepul*res1 & _! dea?s _h purifi$ ! flock4 ,b ! next "o to die 0 ,fa!r ,h[l& himself4 ,on a w>m summ] day ( #ahgd1 z he 0 driv+ 9 8 buggy ov] a /eep m\nta9 road1 ! horse %i$ s viol5tly z to ?r[ out ! v5]able sage aga9/ a wood-pile1 :]eupon sundry loose logs fell ^u 8 head & %\ld]s1 inflict+ fatal w\nds4 ,!n a note ( con/]nation m+l$ ) ! g5u9e m\rn+ ( ! little community4 ,x 0 a p]plex+ provid5ce4 ,ab\t twelve mon?s aft]w>d ,i made my fir/ visit to ^! p1 9 company ) my fri5d ,dr4 ,william ,james & five c>riage-loads ( city folk :o 7 sp5d+ ! summ] at ,pet]%am4 ,x 0 a ,saturday morn+1 & all ! wor%ipp]s 7 9 _! be/ clo!s4 ,!y receiv$ u ) a quiet b cordial welcome1 & %[$ u into a spaci\s p>l\r t 0 simply brilliant ) *e]fulness4 ,its we/ w9d[s look$ d[n ^u a va/ & v>i$ l&scape1 ) ri* pa/ures1 smil+ cornfields1 & long /ret*es ( p9e =e/ cov]+ range ^u range ( hills m\ld$ 9 =ms ( exquisite beauty4 ,beyond ! =egr\nd ( delicate yell[ & s(t gre5 t9ts ! eye re/$ ^u ! sombre gre5 ( ! woodl&1 & beh9d x all came ! ri* purple ( ! di/ant hills1 fitfully *eck]$ ) %ad[s f ! gold5 cl\ds4 ,"h & !re gleam$ ! :ite *ur* spires ( "s seclud$ hamlet1 :ile on ! horizon1 sev5ty miles di/ant1 arose ! l(ty peak ( old ,greylock4 ,!nce to ,m\nt ,grace1 9 "o huge sweep1 ! entire bread? ( ,v]mont 0 display$1 a wild]ness ( pale-blue summits bl5d+ ) ! sky2 & ov] all1 & "p ( x all1 0 ! radiant glory ( ! ,septemb] sun%9e4 ,truly1 said ,i to "o ( ! bre?r51 a man ( sa9tly face1 if y are expect+ to dwell =ev] ^u ! e>?1 y c\ld n h *os5 a m inspir+ & delightful spot4 ,yes1 inde$1 he repli$1 x seems too beautiful to leave4 ,! topic :i* agitat$ ! little community 0 ?us br\ght up = discussion1 &1 except = a brief pray]1 ! ord9>y ,sabba? ex]cises 7 set aside = ?is purpose4 ,all ^! p seem$ polite & g5tle 9 mann]2 _! simple-m9d$ness 0 noticeable1 & _! ignorance 0 abysmal1 ?\gh ,i believe !y c\ld all read ! ,bible & d a little writ+ & ari?metic4 ,9 ! facial expression ( e "o ,i ?\ght ,i c\ld see some?+ t betray$ m or less ( a lapse f complete sanity4 ,only "o ( ! :ole numb] %[$ any s5se ( hum\r1 a ke5-ey$ old woman1 yclept ,si/] ,c>ol9e1 :o c\ld argue neatly & make qua9t retorts4 ,%e & ! man ( sa9tly face 7 ! only int]e/+ p]sonalities2 ! re/ 7 b s\lless clods4 ,x soon appe>$ t ! belief 9 t]re/rial immortality _h n yet be5 s]i\sly %ak5 by ,fa!r ,h[l&'s demise4 ,!re 7 "s curi\s incipi5t symptoms ( a resurrection my?4 ,_! lead]'s dea? _h be5 h]ald$ by signs & port5ts4 ,"o ag$ bro!r1 :ile tak+ 8 aft]noon nap 9 a rock+-*air1 fell =w>d ^u ! floor1 br++ d[n ! *air ^u 8 back2 & at t id5tical mom5t ano!r bro!r ru%$ 9 f ! g>d51 exclaim+1 ,i h se5 ) ^! eyes ! glory ( ! ,"l reveal$6 ,evid5tly1 ! fall ( ! rock+-*air prefigur$ ! fall ( ! wood-pile1 & ! mom5t ( ,h[l&'s fatal injury 0 ! mom5t ( 8 glorification4 ,!n x 0 rememb]$ by ,si/] ,c>ol9e & o!rs t he _h lately =etold 8 app>5t dea?1 & decl>$ t x 0 to be only an appe>ance4 ,?\gh ,i %all seem to be dead1 x w only be = a little :ile1 & !n ,i %all return to y4 ,! morn+'s conv]sation made x cle> t ^! simple folk 7 unanim\s 9 believ+ t ! completion ( ,fa!r ,h[l&'s "w dem&$ 8 pres5ce = a %ort "t 9 ! o!r _w1 & t he w\ld )9 a few m weeks or mon?s return to !m4 ,x seem$ to ,dr4 ,james & myself t ! conditions 7 fav\rable to ! sudd5 gr[? ( a belief 9 8 resurrection1 & = "s "t aft] t visit we half expect$ to he> t "o or m ( ! h\sehold _h se5 him4 ,9 ?is1 h[ev]1 we 7 disappo9t$4 ,i suspect t its m5tal soil may1 aft] all1 h be5 too b>r5 = su* a gr[?4 ,sev5 ye>s elaps$ be=e my second & la/ visit to ^! wor?y p4 ,9 ! mean "t a l>ge addition _h be5 made to ! pr9cipal h\se1 ne>ly d\bl+ its capacity2 & ,i 0 told t ! community _h be5 legally incorporat$ "u ! ,hebrew title ( ,adoni-%omo1 or ,! ,"l is !re4 ,"o w\ld naturally inf] t ! memb]%ip _h increas$1 b ! true explanation 0 v diff]5t4 ,on a ,saturday aft]noon 9 ! summ] ( #ahhb1 9 company ) fifte5 fri5ds1 ,i visit$ ! community4 ,our reception ?is "t 0 some?+ m ?an polite2 !re 0 a noticeable w>m? ( welcome ab\t x4 ,we 7 u%]$ into "o ( ! newly built rooms1--a long *apel1 ) seats on ei!r side & a read+-desk at "o end4 ,all ! wom51 bo? ho/s & gue/s1 took _! seats on "o side1 all ! m5 on ! o!r4 ,a :isp] f my neighb\r in=m$ me t ! community 0 r$uc$ to twelve p]sons3 ?us ! gue/s outnumb]$ ! ho/s4 ,! high prie/1 ,fa!r ,ri*>ds1 a v5]able man ( ruddy hue1 ) enorm\s be>d z :ite z sn[1 /ood by ! read+-desk1 & 9 brok5 tones gave ?anks to ,god1 :ile abundant te>s c\rs$ d[n 8 *eeks4 ,n[1 he said1 at la/ ! ^w ( ! ,"l 0 fulfill$4 ,two or ?ree ye>s ago ! ^w _h come t !y mu/ build a *apel & add to _! liv+-rooms1 = !y 7 ab\t to receive a l>ge accession ( new conv]ts4 ,s--j ?9k ( x1 g5tle read]1 9 ! la/ qu>t] ( ?is skeptical c5tury--!re 0 fai? en\gh on t rugg$ m\nta9-side to put ?ree or f\r ?\s& doll>s1 e>n$ ) pork & apple-sauce1 into solid masonry & timb]-"w6 ,& n[ at la/1 said ,fa!r ,ri*>ds1 9 ! arrival ( ?is goodly company ! ^w ( ! ,"l 0 fulfill$6 ,x seem$ cruel to di/urb su* jubilant assurance1 b we soon f\nd t we ne$ n worry ourselves on t score4 ,! old man's fai? 0 a rock on :i* unwelcome facts 7 quickly wreck$4 ,?\gh we took pa9s to make x cle> t we _h only come = a visit1 x 0 equally cle> to him t we 7 to be conv]t$ t v aft]noon1 & w\ld soon come to abide ) ! ,adoni-%omo4 ,!n ,si/] ,c>ol9e1 /epp+ =w>d1 made a long metaphysical h>angue1 at ! close ( :i* %e walk$ up "o side ( ! room & d[n ! o!r1 tak+ ea* p]son by ! h& & say+ to ea* a few words4 ,:5 %e came to me %e sudd5ly broke out ) a /ream ( gibb]i%1 & w5t on = five mortal m9utes1 p\r+ x =? z glibly z if x _h be5 h] "m tongue4 ,aft] ! meet+ _h brok5 up1 ,i 0 in=m$ t ?is speak+ ) tongues 0 n uncommon ) ! ,adoni-%omo4 ,a wick$ wag 9 our p>ty !n ask$ ,si/] ,c>ol9e if %e knew :at language x 0 9 :i* %e _h address$ me4 ,no1 sir1 %e repli$1 nor d ,i "k ! mean+ ( :at ,i said3 ,i only utt]$ :at ! ,"l put into my m\?4 ,well1 said ?is graceless sc(f]1 ) face z sob] z a deacon's1 ,i am ?or\ghly famili> ) ,hebrew1 & ,i recogniz$ at once ! v dialect ( ,galilee z spok5 :5 our ,savi\r 0 on ! e>?6 ,at ?is1 ,i ne$ h>dly add1 ,si/] ,c>ol9e 0 highly pleas$4 ,by ?is "t !re _h be5 s _m dea?s t induction by simple enum]ation 0 gett+ to be too mu* = ! ,adoni-%omo4 ,!y 7 beg9n+ to realize ! old ,scot*man's conception ( ! elect3 ,eh1 ,jamie6 hoo mony d'ye ?ank !re be ( ! elact noo alive on e>?8 ,eh6 mabbee a dooz54 ,hoot1 mon1 nae sae mony z ?ot6 ,we f\nd our wor?y ho/s less will+ ?an ( old to discuss _! doctr9e ( t]re/rial immortality1 & !re 7 symptoms ( a t5d5cy to give x a ,pickwickian con/ruction4 ,s9ce t day1 _! little community has vani%$1 & its glori\s l&scape kn[s x no m4 ,x is a pity t be=e ! end x %\ld n h _h a visit f ,mr4 ,hyl& ,c4 ,kirk1 ^: book on ,! ,possibility ( ,n ,dy+ 0 publi%$ 9 ,new ,york 9 #ahhc4 ,9 ?is book ! philosophic plausibl5ess ( ! op9ion t a "t w come :5 we %all no long] ne$ to %uffle (f ?is mortal coil is argu$ at "s l5g?1 b ! "q z to h[ ?is is to happ5 is ignor$4 ,mr4 ,isaac ,j5n+s1 9 8 ,tree ( ,life 7#ahfg71 ?9ks x c be accompli%$ by total ab/95ce f alcohol1 tobacco1 c(fee1 tea1 animal food1 spices1 & c>away4 ,?is is suffici5tly specific2 b ,mr4 ,kirk's treatm5t ( ! "q is s hazy z to sugge/ ! suspicion t he has no?+ to (f] u4 ,i once knew su* a case ( a delusion )\t any !ory1 or1 if y please1 ! gr9 )\t ! ,*e%ire cat4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a lectur+ j\rney1 "s ?irty ye>s ago1 ,i 0 approa*$ by a ref9$ & cultivat$ g5tleman1 :o imp>t$ to me 9 /rict confid5ce & ) mu* mode/y ( mann] ! fact t he _h arriv$ at a complete refutation ( ! undulatory !ory ( light6 ,to ask him = "s /atem5t ( 8 own !ory 0 b ord9>y c\rtesy2 b :5ev] we arriv$ at ?is po9t--:i* happ5$ p]haps half a doz5 times--he w\ld put on a smile ( my/]y & decl9e to pursue ! subject4 ,i assur$ him t he ne$ h no fe> ( my /eal+ 8 ?und]1 = ,i _h n ! requisite k2 b he grew m d>kly my/]i\s ?an ev]1 & said t ! "t = him to speak _h n yet come4 ,a few mon?s lat]1 ?is g5tleman1 :om ,i w designate z ,mr4 ,flighty1 appe>$ 9 ,cambridge1 & came to my desk 9 ! college libr>y4 ,di/ress 0 writt5 9 8 face4 ,he _h call$ ^u ,pr(essor ,silliman & o!r pr(essors 9 ,ea/]n colleges1 & _h be5 %abbily treat$4 ,nobody _h %[n him any polit5ess except ,pr(essor ,y\mans1 9 :om he believ$ he _h f\nd a conv]t4 ,ah6 ,i exclaim$1 !n y told him y\r !ory2 p]haps ! "t has come :5 y c tell x to me4 ,b no2 aga9 came ! subtle smile1 & he began to descant ^u ! p]secution ( ,galileo1 a fav\rite topic ) cranks ( all sorts4 ,he ask$ me = "s ( ! be/ books on ! undulatory !ory1 & ,i gave him ,cau*y1 :]eat he /ood agha/1 & said ! book 0 full ( ma!matics :i* he c\ld n read2 b he w\ld l to see ,newton's ,opticks1 = t book did n uphold ! undulatory !ory4 ,oh6 said ,i1 !n are y fall+ back on ! corpuscul> !ory8 ,no1 inde$2 m9e is nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r1 & aga9 came ! ,sibyll9e smile4 ,z ,i w5t = ! book1 ,i f\nd ,pr(essor ,lov]+ 9 ! alcove1 halfway up a tall ladd]4 ,hallo6 said ,i sotto voce4 ,!re is a man 9 "h :o has upset ! undulatory !ory ( light2 d y want to see him8 ,heav5s1 no6 ,c't y inveigle him into "s d>k corn] :ile ,i run away8 ,don't worry1 ,i repli$1--make y\rself com=table2 ,i'll keep him f y4 ,s ,i lur$ ,mr4 ,flighty into a disc\rse on ! bigotry ( sci5tific folk1 :ile ,old ,joe1 ^: fe>s 7 n s easily allay$1 soon /eal?ily em]g$ f 8 alcove & hurri$ f ! hall4 ,! next "t t ,i happ5$ to be 9 ,new ,york1 *att+ ) ,y\mans at ! ,c5tury ,club1 ,i allud$ to ,mr4 ,flighty1 :o believ$ he _h made a conv]t ( him4 ,ay1 ay1 rejo9$ ,y\mans1 & he said ! same ( y4 ,inde$6 ,well1 ,i suspect$ z mu*4 ,unless y drive a crank f ! room ) cuffs & je]s1 he is sure to ?9k y agree ) him4 ,i d n yet "k :at ,mr4 ,flighty's !ory is4 ,nor ,i1 said ,y\mans4 ,d y believe he has any !ory at all8 ,n a bit ( x4 ,he is a madman1 & 8 belief t he has a !ory is simply ! =m :i* 8 delusion takes4 ,exactly s1 ,i said2 & s x prov$4 ,sev]e bus9ess tr\bles _h wreck$ ,mr4 ,flighty's m9d1 & x 0 n long be=e we he>d t he _h kill$ himself 9 a fit ( acute mania4 ,my /ory mu/ n end ) su* a gruesome affair4 ,out ( ! _m que] p ,i h kn[n1 let me m5tion "o :o is associat$ ) pleasant memories ( *ildhood & y\?4 ,?is man 0 no *>latan1 b a le>n$ naturali/1 ( solid & g5u9e sci5tific atta9m5ts1 :o came to be a little daft 9 8 old age4 ,dr4 ,joseph ,b>ratt1 ^: life ext5d$ ov] ?ree f\r?s ( ! pres5t c5tury1 0 born 9 ,engl&4 ,he 0 at "o "t a pupil ( ,cuvi]1 & *]i%$ 8 memory ) ! idolatr\s affection :i* t wond]ful man seems always to h inspir$4 ,dr4 ,b>ratt1 z a physician practis+ 9 ,middlet[n1 ,connecticut1 is "o ( ! e>lie/ figures 9 my memory1--a qua9t & lovable figure4 ,8 atta9m5ts 9 botany & comp>ative anatomy 7 ext5sive2 he 0 m or less ( a geologi/1 & well read )al 9 hi/ory & g5]al lit]ature1 besides be+ a fair l+ui/4 ,?\gh em95tly susceptible ( ! t5d] passion1 he nev] m>ri$2 he 0 nei!r a h\sehold] nor an autocrat ( ! breakfa/ table1 b dwelt h]mit-l 9 a que] snugg]y ov] somebody's %op4 ,8 work+-room 0 a r>e sight2 s mu* confusion has n be5 se5 s9ce ?is fair _w welt]$ 9 its primeval *aos4 ,) its cases ( m9]al & botanical specim5s1 /uff$ birds & skeletons galore2 ) its beetles & spid]s m\nt$ on p9s1 its bra9s ( div]s creatures 9 j>s ( alcohol1 its weird retorts & crucibles1 its microscopes & surgeon's tools1 its %elves ( my/]i\s liquids 9 vials1 its slabs ( ,portl& s&/one be>+ footpr9ts ( ,triassic d9osaurs1 & ne> ! door a grim pt]odactyl keep+ gu>d ov] all1 x might h be5 ! necromanc+ d5 ( a ,sidrophel4 ,maps & crayon sket*es1 m+l$ ) femurs & v]tebr1 sprawl$ ov] tables & s(as & cumb]$ ! *airs1 till !re 0 sc>cely a place to sit d[n1 :ile ev]y:]e 9 dire/ helt]-skelt] yawn$ & toppl$ ! books4 ,& su* books6 ,!re ,i fir/ br[s$ 9 ,ge(froy ,/4 ,hilaire & ,lam>ck & ,bla9ville1 & pass$ en*ant$ h\rs ) ! ,rgne ,animal4 ,! doctor 0 a c\rtly g5tleman ( ! old /ripe1 & nev] did he cle> a *air = me )\t an apology1 say+ t he only await$ a leisure day to put all ?+s 9 /ricte/ ord]4 ,de> s\l6 t day nev] came4 ,dr4 ,b>ratt 0 ( c\rse int5sely int]e/$ 9 ! ,portl& qu>ries1 & !y furni%$ ! !me ( ! monomania :i* ov]took him at ab\t 8 sixtie? ye>4 ,he accept$ ) en?usiasm ! geological pro(s ( ! antiquity ( man 9 ,europe1 & pres5tly und]took to re9=ce !m by pro(s ( 8 own ga!r+ 9 ! ,connecticut ,valley4 ,an initial difficulty confront$ him4 ,! r$ free/one ( t region belongs to ! ,triassic p]iod1 ! olde/ ( ! second>y s]ies4 ,x 0 an age ( giant reptiles1 contempor>y ) ! e>lie/ specim5s ( mammalian life1 & n a likely place 9 :i* to look = relics ( ! highe/ ( mammals4 ,b ,dr4 ,b>ratt insi/$ t ?is free/one is ,eoc5e1 ?us br++ x into ! t]ti>y s]ies2 & :ile geologi/s 9 g5]al 7 unwill+ to admit ! exi/5ce ( man be=e ! ,plei/oc5e p]iod1 he boldly c>ri$ x back to ! ,eoc5e4 ,?us1 by add+ a few million ye>s to ! antiquity ( mank9d & subtract+ a few million f t ( ! rocks1 he 0 enabl$ at once to ma9ta9 t he _h discov]$ 9 ! ,portl& free/one ! indisputable rema9s ( an anci5t human be+ ) only ?ree f+]s1 ^u :om he be/[$ ! "n ( ,homo tridactylus4 ,= companions he gave ?is p]sonage f\r species ( kang>oo1 & f t "t =? discov]ies multipli$4 ,su* claims1 :5 pres5t$ be=e le>n$ societies ) ! doctor's qua9t en?usiasm1 & illu/rat$ by 8 m>vell\s crayon sket*es1 7 greet$ ) %\ts ( laught]4 ,among ! geologi/s :o *iefly provok$ 8 wra? 0 ! celebrat$ /ud5t ( fossil footpr9ts1 ,dr4 ,edw>d ,hit*cock4 ,:y1 sir1 he w\ld exclaim1 ,dr4 ,hit*cock is a p]fect fool1 sir6 ,i c tea* t5 ( him1 sir6 ,9 spite ( all sc(fs & rebuffs1 ! old g5tleman mov$ on to ! end s]5e 9 8 un%akable convictions4 ,a c\rte\s li/5] 01 ( c\rse1 a r>e boon to him2 & s1 9 t little t[n1 x became 8 habit to confide 8 new discov]ies to me4 ,:5 ,i 0 out walk+1 if *>y ( my half h\rs 7z sometimes happ5$71 a long det\r w\ld be necess>y1 to avoid 8 accu/om$ haunts2 & once1 on my return f a j\rney1 ,i _h h>dly rung ! doorbell :5 he appe>$ on ! v]&a ) an essay entitl$ ,an ,eoc5e ,picnic1 :i* he hop$ to publi% 9 ,! ,atlantic ,mon?ly1 & :i* he insi/$ ^u read+ to me !n & !re4 ,at "o "t a v l>ge bone 0 f\nd 9 "o ( ! qu>ries1 :i* 0 pron\nc$ by ,dr4 ,hit*cock to h belong$ to an ext9ct batra*ian2 b ,dr4 ,b>ratt saw 9 x ! bone ( a pa*yd]m4 ,:y1 sir1 said he1 x 0 _! pr9cipal bea/ ( burd51--z big z a rh9oc]os & z g5tle z a lamb4 ,! *ildr5 ( ,homo tridactylus us$ to play ab\t 8 feet1 sir1 9 p]fect safety4 ,i call him ,mega-ergaton docile1 '! tea*able great-work]4' ,liddell & ,scott give only ! mascul9e1 ergates1 b = a bea/ ( burd51 sir1 ,i pref] ! neut] =m4 ,a gigantic pa*yd]m1 sir2 & ,dr4 ,hit*cock1 sir1 p]fect fool1 sir1 says x 0 a bullfrog6 ,! mortal rema9s ( ?is g5tle palontologi/ re/ 9 ! beautiful ,indian ,hill ,cemet]y at ,middlet[n1 & 8 grave/one1 design$ & plac$ !re by my de> fri5d1 ! late ,*>les ,br[n+1 is appropriate & noble4 ,= ! doctor 0 aft] all a /]l+ man1 ^: unobtrusive m]its 7 great1 :ile 8 foibles 7 n important4 ,! /one is a piece ( fossil tree-trunk1 br\ght ov] f ,portl&1 imb$d$ 9 an amorph\s block unt\*$ by *isel1 save :]e1 on a bit ( poli%$ surface1 "o reads ! "n & dates1 ) ! simple leg5d1 ,! ,te/imony ( ! ,rocks4 ,novemb]1 #ahih4 ,,note ,,an ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,adoni-,,%omo ,,community ,f ! ,spr+field ,republican4 7#ahgf47 ,z que] a p z are (t5 met1 & app>5tly z upright & religi\s1 )al1 are ! ,community situat$ on ! /age-road betwe5 ,a?ol & ,pet]%am1 & commonly kn[n !reab\ts z ,h[l&ites or ,full]ites4 ,accord+ to _! acc\nt1 ne>ly tw5ty-"o ye>s ago1 two ,worce/] wom51 ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,j4 ,h]vey & h] si/]1 ,c>ol9e ,e4 ,hawks1 _h come to hope = a div9e revelation to !m1 & 9 expectation ( x _h gone to a camp-meet+ at ,groton4 ,ent]+ ! meet+ !y he>d a /rang] talk+ 9 tongues1 :o prov$ to be ! man to meet _! wants1 9 ! p]son ( ,fr$]ick ,t4 ,h[l&1 a ,quak]1 ( good social /&+1 f ,new ,b$=d4 ,t day1 ,septemb] #ae1 #ahee1 0 ! orig9 9 ! fai?1 ?\gh n 9 temporal association1 ( ! ,community1 ^! ?ree be+ ! pione]s1 z ,si/] ,h]vey takes pride 9 call+ h]self & associates4 ,mrs4 ,h]vey's husb& di$ a ye> or two lat]1 ?\gh n 9 ! fai?1 ^! ?+s1 z !y say1 hav+ be5 beyond him4 ,soon aft]1 ! new belief receiv$ ! addition ( eight p]sons f ,a?ol1 among !m ,leon>d ,c4 ,full]1 ! pres5t ,spiritual head ( ! ,community1 & 8 wife4 ,9 ,may1 #ahfa1 hav+ be5 mov$ by ! ,_s to =m an association = liv+ toge!r1 !y settl$ at ,full]'s1 at ! s\? end ( ,pleasant ,/reet 9 ,a?ol4 ,9 ,augu/1 #ahfd1 !y remov$ to _! pres5t f>m 9 ,pet]%am4 ,bro!r ,h[l& held ! position ( head ( ! body till kill$ by a runaway horse1 n q two ye>s ago4 ,8 p consid]$ him a prophet1 & say ! ,"l spoke by him1 & t he l$ !m z ,moses l$ ! p ( ,israel4 ,_! religi\s belief 9 _m respects resembles t ( ! ,adv5ti/s1 b diff]s 9 ! vital po9t1 t ! reign ( ,*ri/1 "u ! expect$ new disp5sation1 is to be spiritual1 & n p]sonal1 z ! ,adv5ti/s hold4 ,!y con/rue ! say+ ( ,john ! ,revelator1 ,i 0 9 ! ,_s on ! ,"l's day1 to ref] to a p]iod ( "t to beg9 ) ! #gjjj? ye> ( ! _w1 :i* is ne> at h&4 ,! judgm5t day !y believe has already begun1 & 9 a %ort "t1 at ! op5+ ( ! new disp5sation1 ! holy dead are to be rais$4 ,:5 a man :o has only receiv$ common salvation dies1 he has no consci\sness till ! resurrection2 b "s1 :o are specially sav$1 w n die4 ,miracles w be p]=m$ commonly4 ,:5 ! new disp5sation beg9s !y are to be ( ! #add1jjj spok5 ( by ,john1 & are to judge ! nations4 ,!y d n believe 9 a hypo!tical heav5 some:]e 9 space2 ! e>? is n to be de/roy$ b *ang$2 & f9ally ! devil is to be b\nd = a ?\s& ye>s4 ,!y entirely d5\nce ,spiritualism1 say+ t x is f ! ,devil1 or ,anti*ri/4 ,bro!r ,h[l&1 !y say1 lay d[n to rise ) ! prophets1 & !y h writt5 out :at !y claim to be prophecies made by him mon?s or ye>s be=e 8 dea? z to ! mann] 9 :i* x %\ld occur1 :i*1 judg$ by ! ev5t1 are c]ta9ly /rik+4 ,! ,community live mo/ly ^u f>9ace\s food2 !y dr9k pr9cipally wat]1 sometimes h]b tea4 ,no fle% is eat51 because !re is to be a re/itution ( ! ord] ( ?+s t prevail$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 & no?+ t gr[s 9 ! gr\nd1 because ! gr\nd is curs$4 ,!y live on ! apo/olic plan ( hav+ all prop]ty 9 common4 ,if any among !m wi% to get m>ri$1 !y h to leave ! ,community4 ,morn+ & ev5+ !y wait be=e ! ,"l1 /&+1 repeat ! ,"l's pray]1 & read & expla9 ! ,bible1 z ! ,_s gives utt]ance4 ,al?\gh ! di/rict public s*ool is only a /one's ?r[ away1 ! half-doz5 *ildr5 ( ! ,community1 :om !y h adopt$1 z ! ,"l s5t !m1 are taught at home by ,si/] ,h]vey4 ,sometimes1 ! neighb\rs' *ildr5 come 91 also1 & !y are said to d bett] !re ?an at ! public s*ool4 ,! s*ool gives an occasional visit be=e ! family1 & a ,*ri/mas tree is provid$4 ,no jewelry is worn1 & !y dress v pla9ly2 ?\gh ! _w's p claim t ! ,community we> z exp5sive fix9's & %[ z mu* pride z !y d4 ,! ,community obs]ve a sev5?-day ,sabba?1 ext5d+ f #f ,p4 ,m41 ,friday1 to ! same h\r1 ,saturday4 ,! ex]cises beg9 at #aj o'clock1 ,saturday1 & cont9ue )\t int]mission till #c4 ,!y are ( ! op9ion t !y ne$ n g to a synagogue or :]e ! m9i/] has to g 'r\nd & wake ! p up1 z he did d[n to ! ,adv5t ,*ur* 9 ,a?ol1 la/ ,sunday4 ,! family seat !mselves 9 ! p>l\r on ?ree sides ( ! room1 ) ! occasional visitors on ! f\r? side2 & ! ex]cises consi/ ( exhortations by ! v>i\s memb]s1 accord+ z !y are mov$ by ! ,_s1 ) abundant am5s f ! re/4 ,if no "o feels call$ ^u to speak1 !y /udy ! ,bible4 ,(t5 !y break out into s++4 ,! h\se is free to visitors at all times4 ,la/ ye> f ,june to ,octob]1 !y _h ov] two hundr$ visitors1 among !m n9ete51 unexpect$ly1 "o ,sabba?4#eb ,_! numb]1 n[ ab\t tw5ty1 v>ies f "t to "t4 ,!y say !y d n expect additions1 ?\gh rec5tly !y h receiv$ two or ?ree :i* !y c\nt ( consid]able importance4 ,"o ( !m is a woman1 =m]ly a memb] ( ! ,%ak] ,community at ,dayton1 ,o41 :]e %e 0 n satisfi$1 :o walk$ all ! way f ,ohio to jo9 !m2 ano!r is an ex-,bapti/ m9i/] f ,a?ol4 ,!y say !y h suff]$ consid]able p]secution = righte\sness' sake4 ,mrs4 ,full] ?9ks %e 0 *eat$ out ( prop]ty :i* h] "m left h]1 &1 because ( ! fai?1 two ( _! numb]1 :ile sick1 !y say1 7 turn$ out ( a h\se on ,s*ool ,/reet 9 ?is city4 ,!y add1 h[ev]1 t ^? =w>d 9 oppos+ !m h di$ sudd5 or viol5t dea?s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y are prosp]+2 !y own a f>m ( two hundr$ & t5 acres1 & ,bro!r ,asa ,ri*>ds1 _! ,temporal head1 raises /ock1 gra91 fruits1 etc41 ne>ly suffici5t to support !m4 ,bro!r ,full]1 ?\gh _! ,spiritual head1#ec does ! m>ket+1 pr9cipally 9 ,a?ol4 ,!y h decid$ to enl>ge ! h\se & build a *apel 9 a %ort "t1 if ! ,"l p]mits4 ,la/ w9t]1 to protect _! prop]ty1 !y w5t to ! secret>y ( ! ,commonweal? & 7 organiz$ "u rec5t /ate laws z a corporation1 ) all ! p[]s ( a *>t]$ body1 "u ! "n ( ,adoni-%omo1 ,hebrew = ! ,"l is !re2 t "n be+ f\nd 9 ,ezekiel xlviii4 #ce4 ,all _! prop]ty w n[ rema9 9 ! ,community :ile a s+le memb] ( x is liv+4 ,x may be add$ t ! views :i* outsid]s hold ( _! ,community d n always agree ) _! own4 ,a bro!r nam$ ,mann di$1 la/ fall1 &1 by _! own confession1 !y _h "s difficulty ) 8 heirs1 b f9ally settl$ = a nom9al sum4 ,at fir/ !y refus$ to pay ov] any?+1 b ! heirs1 f\r 9 numb]1 ?reat5+ law1 !y f9ally conclud$ t ! ,"l will$ !m to give up #hjj4 ,! common belief is t ,mann 0 wor? z _m ?\s&s2 at any rate1 ! ,pet]%am prop]ty 0 de$$ to him 9 connection ) ,h[l&4 ,a?ol p sc\t ! idea t ,h[l& _h prophetic p[]s1 & ?9k t ! ,community 0 simply ! result ( a %rewd plan ( 8 to get a liv+ )\t work+ = x4 ,,index ,abbot1 ,ezra1 #dje4 ,adams1 ,john1 #aej4 ,adams1 ,samuel1 #aee1 #cjj4 ,adoni-%omo1 a religi\s community1 #ddi-deb4 ,agassiz1 ,l\is1 #gg1 #cab4 ,agricultural *emi/ry1 #gc4 ,alabama ,claims1 #agb1 #agf4 ,albig5ses1 crusade aga9/ !1 #acb4 ,alg]1 ,w4 ,r41 #ic4 ,algol1 a multiple />1 #g4 ,alphabet puzzle1 #dce4 ,altruism1 #aac4 ,am]ica1 discov]y (1 #abc1 #abd2 effects ( its discov]y ^u political fre$om1 #abg4 ,am]ican hi/ory1 picturesqu5ess (1 #aig-aii4 ,ames1 ,fi%]1 #cjj4 ,ana*ronisms 9 ,%akespe>e's plays1 #chi4 ,anaxagoras1 #aag4 ,anglophobia ( ,scot*m5 9 =m] times1 #aha4 ,an?ropoc5tric ?\ght1 #aaa1 #aab4 ,appleton1 ,d41 ,co41 #hi-ia4 ,arbitration1 in/ances (1 #agf1 #agg2 among ! anci5t ,greeks1 #ahb2 among ! ,italian republics1 #ahc4 ,arbitration ,treaty betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita91 #afe-aic4 ,arnold1 ,mat!w1 on translat+ ,hom]1 #cec4 ,arts1 beg9n+ (1 #aah-abj4 ,aryan languages1 #ca1 #cb4 ,asbjo]ns5's folk-tales ( ,norway1 #cbe4 ,a/ley1 ,sir ,jacob1 #afj4 ,a/ronomy at ! ,h>v>d ,obs]vatory1 #cji4 ,a?anasius1 #ec4 ,a!num ,press1 !1 #cji4 ,atomic !ory1 #bh4 ,augu/9e1 #ec4 ,avogadro's law ( gase\s volumes1 #bh4 ,aztecs1 #bji4 ,bacon1 ,delia1 a p>adox]1 #cea1 #cef1 #che1 #cii1 #djb1 #ddj4 ,bacon1 ,francis1 #cef1 #ceg1 #cfg1 #cgj1 #cgd1 #cge1 #cgh1 #cgi1 #cha1 #chc1 #che-cih1 #djc1 #djd4 ,bacon-,%akespe>e folly1 #cej-djd1 #daj4 ,ba]1 ,k4 ,e4 von1 #ah1 #ai1 #be1 #da4 ,balance1 use (1 #b1 #c4 ,bapti/s1 #adh4 ,b>b>ism1 types (1 #cb-cd4 ,b>ratt1 ,joseph1 #dee-dei4 ,ba?ybius1 #cdc-cde4 ,baxt]1 ,ri*>d1 #aed4 ,beaumont1 ,francis1 #cgd4 ,bee*]1 ,h5ry ,w>d1 #ib4 ,bell]ophon1 8 lett]1 #ced4 ,bessel1 ,f4 ,w41 #f4 ,biblical *ronology di/urb$ by geologi/s1 #i4 ,bi*at1 ,x41 8 /udy ( tissues1 #ag4 ,big ,cr[1 a ,si\x *ief1 #bdj4 ,bigl[1 ,hosea1 on ! "r to be a fool1 #age2 on ! ,yankee dialect1 #bih2 on citifi$ ,engli%1 #cga4 ,black1 ,joseph1 8 discov]y ( lat5t heat1 #aj4 ,blackfri>s ,!atre1 #cgh4 ,blake1 ,rob]t1 #aed4 ,blue ,an*or ,tav]n1 #big4 ,boccaccio1 ,g41 #cei4 ,bond1 ,g4 ,p41 #cji4 ,bond1 ,w4 ,c41 #cji4 ,bopp1 ,franz1 #cj4 ,b\ghton1 ,sir ,t41 #chb4 ,b\quet1 ,h5ry1 #bjg4 ,b[dit*1 ,na?aniel1 #dcd4 ,brbeuf1 ,j41 #aii4 ,bridge1 ,john1 #bic4 ,bridges ( ,cambridge1 #cjb4 ,bridgman1 ,laura1 #cce4 ,br\gham1 ,"l1 #dab4 ,br[n1 ,m>ie1 a p>adox]1 #dda4 ,br[n+1 ,*>les1 #dei4 ,b*n]1 ,l41 #ed4 ,buckle1 ,h4 ,t41 #bah4 ,bull]1 ,sir ,francis1 8 absurd *>ge to ! jury1 #chb4 ,bunk] ,hill1 #cja4 ,bunyan1 ,john1 #djc4 ,burghley1 ,"l1 #cfd4 ,burke1 ,edmund1 #aid4 ,burton1 ,rob]t1 #djc4 ,cabanis1 ,pi]re1 #ee4 ,calv91 ,j41 #acj4 ,cambridge1 ,mass41 its hi/ory1 #bhf-cah2 orig9ally int5d$ to be capital ( ,massa*usetts1 #bij2 9 :at s5se ! daught] ( ,cambridge1 ,engl&1 #bie2 complex nature ( its gr[?1 #cjf2 its ext5sive manufactures1 #cjg-cji2 excell5ce ( its municipal gov]nm5t1 #caf1 #cag4 ,camd51 ,william1 #cgd4 ,c>lyle1 ,?omas1 #bah4 ,c>ol9e1 ,si/]1 #ddg1 #dej1 #dea4 ,c>p5t]1 ,w41 a p>adox]1 #dba4 ,cata/rophes 9 geology1 #ba4 ,ca?olics1 disfran*is$ 9 ,rhode ,isl&1 #aci4 ,causans1 ,m4 de1 a circle-squ>]1 #dcd4 ,cavali]s 9 ,virg9ia1 #adb4 ,cav5di%1 ,h5ry1 8 analysis ( wat]1 #bi4 ,*ampla91 ,s41 #aii1 #bjc1 #baj4 ,*anc]y phrases seldom f\nd 9 ,%akespe>e1 #chc4 ,*apman1 ,george1 #ceg1 #cei1 #cgc1 #che4 ,*>les ,i41 #bij4 ,*>les ,,ii41 #acg1 #afe4 ,*emical *>t1 devis$ by ,e4 ,l4 ,y\mans1 #gi4 ,*emi/ry1 ,y\mans's textbook (1 #hj1 #ha4 ,*ri/ ,*ur* 9 ,cambridge1 #bih4 ,cieza de ,leon1 #bjb4 ,circle-squ>+1 #djf-djh1 #daa-dag4 ,cities 9 ,massa*usetts1 #cje4 ,clan own]%ip1 #cc4 ,cl>5don1 ,e>l (1 #aeh4 ,cl>k1 ,j4 ,s41 #ic1 #ajj4 ,class ,day =ty ye>s ago1 #caa4 ,classification ( organisms1 significance (1 #ad1 #ae4 ,clevel&1 ,grov]1 #age2 8 ,v5ezuela message1 #agi4 ,co9's ,f9ancial ,s*ool1 #dcf4 ,coke1 ,edw>d1 #cgd1 #cic4 ,columbus1 ,*ri/oph]1 #abc4 ,comm]cial _s & ecclesia/ical _s1 antagonism betwe51 #acd-acf4 ,comp>ative me?od1 #cj-ce4 ,comte1 ,augu/e1 8 ass]tion t a /ell> a/ronomy is impossible1 #f2 failure ( 8 philosophy1 #ac1 #ad1 #hh4 ,conn ,maol1 #cbg4 ,congress ( ,am]ican ,colonies1 #aia4 ,congresses1 ,int]national1 #ahh1 #ahi4 ,connecticut1 f\nd+ (1 #ade4 ,controv]t$ que/ions betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita91 #aga1 #agb4 ,cook1 ,joseph1 #ccc-cdi4 ,coop]1 ,james ,f5imore1 unreality ( 8 ,indians1 #bjj4 ,cop]nicus1 ,n41 #ajb1 #aaa1 #abe4 ,copyright1 int]national1 #ig4 ,correlation ( =ces1 #bg1 #bh1 #ee1 #ig4 ,cortes1 ,h41 #abc4 ,cotton1 ,john1 #aci1 #adf1 #bbe4 ,crim9al trials1 #chb4 ,cromwell1 ,oliv]1 #aed-afd4 ,culm]1 ,fr$]ick1 a p>adox]1 #dbe1 #dbf4 ,culture1 e>ly /ages (1 #cb-cd4 ,cumulative action1 #aa1 #ab1 #gg1 #aja4 ,curt91 ,j]emiah1 #cbj-ccb4 ,curtis1 ,b4 ,r41 #cjj4 ,cuvi]1 8 classification ( animals 9 space & "t1 #af1 #ag4 ,dalton's law ( proportions1 #bh4 ,d>w91 ,*>les1 #ba-bd1 #cj1 #dj1 #di1 #gg1 #ajc-aje1 #cce1 #cfc1 #chf4 ,d>w91 ,george ,h[>d1 #h4 ,defoe1 ,daniel1 #djd4 ,delitzs*1 ,franz1 #cda4 ,de ,morgan1 ,augu/us1 #daa-dai1 #dbg1 #dce4 ,d]by1 ,e>l (1 #aid4 ,desc>tes1 ,r51 #abe4 ,dick5s1 ,*>les1 #cgj4 ,diff]5tiation1 #dd4 ,d+le1 ,edw>d1 a p>adox]1 #dca4 ,diog5es1 on ! possibility ( motion1 #fa4 ,dis>mam5t1 #aia-aic4 ,disqualifications1 religi\s1 #adc4 ,dobbs1 a c>avan doctor1 #bdg4 ,dogb]ry1 #cie4 ,donellan1 ,john1 fam\s case (1 #chb4 ,donne1 ,john1 #cgd4 ,donnelly1 ,ignatius1 a p>adox]1 #cih1 #djc1 #ddj4 ,doyle1 ,j4 ,a41 #aee4 ,dudley1 ,joseph1 #adf4 ,dummkopf1 ,h]r1 sub/itut$ "n = a p>adox]1 #djh1 #dji4 ,dun/]1 ,h5ry1 #bid4 ,dy+1 h[ to avoid1 #daa-deb4 ,dynamical conception ( ! _w1 #cf4 ,ea/ ,gate ( ,cambridge1 #bif4 ,ecc5tric lit]ature1 #dji-ddd4 ,ecclesia/icism & comm]cialism1 antagonism betwe51 #acd-acf4 ,edw>d ,i41 #acj4 ,edw>d ,,iii41 #acj1 #acf4 ,edw>ds1 ,jona?an1 #adg1 #adh1 #afd4 ,electoral ,commission ( #ahgg1 #agc4 ,eliot1 ,george1 #cec1 #ced4 ,eliot1 ,john1 #aeg4 ,elizabe?1 ,que51 #aca1 #acb4 ,elze1 ,k41 #cgb4 ,embryology1 its lessons1 #af4 ,em]son1 ,r4 ,w41 #ade1 #aej4 ,endicott1 ,john1 #adc1 #add4 ,evolution1 #ce-ch2 & ! /udy ( hi/ory1 #db1 #fe1 #ff4 ,facts vs4 !ories1 #ba4 ,fairfax1 ,?omas1 #aeg4 ,f>aday1 ,m41 8 discov]y ( magneto-electric induction1 #bg4 ,f>m] ,wea!rsky1 #cbi4 ,f5ian leg5ds1 #cbg4 ,fif? ,mon>*i/s1 #afd4 ,fis*]1 ,kuno1 #chf4 ,flet*]1 ,john1 #cgd1 #cie4 ,flighty1 ,mr41 sub/itut$ "n = a p>adox]1 #deb-dee4 ,=man1 ,capta91 a p>adox]1 #dab1 #dac4 ,=sy?1 ,w41 #aid4 ,fo/]1 ,john1 #aee4 ,fox-hunt+1 condemn$ by ,e4 ,a4 ,freeman1 #bhc4 ,france & ,engl&1 _! /ruggle = ,nor? ,am]ica1 #baf4 ,frankl91 ,b5jam91 #fi1 #ade1 #aej4 ,fre$om ( ?\ght1 unpopul>ity (1 #abh1 #aeb4 ,freeman1 ,e4 ,a41 #cj2 8 bir?1 #bfe2 lead+ ev5ts ( 8 life1 #bff2 8 e>ly "w 9 ar*itecture1 #bfg2 8 bread? ( view1 #bfh2 8 hi/orical essays1 #bfi2 8 book on f$]al gov]nm5t1 #bfi-bgb2 8 ,norman ,conque/ & ,william ,rufus1 #bgb-bgd2 8 miscellane\s "w1 especially relat+ to ea/]n ,europe1 #bge2 8 lectures on comp>ative politics1 #bgf2 8 "w on hi/orical geography1 #bgg2 o!r "w1 #bgh1 #bgi2 8 hi/ory ( ,sicily1 #bgi1 #bhj2 8 premature dea?1 #bha2 8 w>f>e aga9/ fools & tyrants1 #bha1 #bhb2 8 :olesome view ( ! ,ea/]n ,"q1 #bhb2 8 condemnation ( fox-hunt+1 #bhc2 8 dome/ic habits1 #bhc4 ,fr5* h]oism1 #bah4 ,fr5* mat]iali/s ( ! #ah? c5tury1 #aaf1 #aag4 ,fr5* w> ( #agee-agfc2 its importance n g5]ally compreh5d$1 #bea4 ,fresnel1 ,a4 ,j41 #bg4 ,front5ac1 ,c\nt1 #baj4 ,fro?+ham1 ,octavius ,brooks1 #bbe1 #beg1 #bfj4 ,fr\de1 ,j4 ,c41 #aid4 ,full]1 ,?omas1 #cgd4 ,gaelic language1 its pa!tic fate1 #cbj-cbc4 ,galapagos ,isl&s1 #bc4 ,gal51 #djj4 ,galileo1 #ddd1 #dec4 ,g>cilasso de la ,vega1 #bjb4 ,g>d9]1 ,s4 ,r41 #aef4 ,g]ry1 ,elbridge1 #cjj4 ,god's ,acre 9 ,cambridge1 #bif4 ,goe!1 ,johann ,wolfgang von1 "o ( ! fir/ among evolutioni/s1 #ad1 #ae1 #da1 #fb4 ,gravitation1 !ory (1 call$ a!i/ic1 #i2 =bidd5 to be taught 9 ,spa91 #abf4 ,gray1 ,asa1 #cj1 #cab1 #cdi4 ,gray1 ,?omas1 #aeg4 ,great ,awak5+1 !1 #adg1 #adh4 ,great ,design1 !1 ( ,h5ry ,,iv41 #aij4 ,greece 9 primitive times1 #baa1 #bab4 ,gre5e1 ,rob]t1 #cgc1 #chd4 ,grove1 ,sir ,w41 #bg4 ,gruaga* ( ,tricks1 !1 #cbi-cca4 ,gumpa*1 ,johannes1 a p>adox]1 #dah4 ,gurney1 ,e4 ,w41 #ic4 ,haddon ,hall1 #abc4 ,haeckel1 ,ern/1 8 mat]ialism refut$1 #ea-fb1 #aae1 #aaf4 ,hail-,/orm1 a "y w>rior1 #bdc-bde4 ,hales1 ,sir ,james1 case (1 #cgi1 #chj4 ,half-way ,cov5ant1 #adf-adh4 ,hall1 ,c>ol9e1 #bbe4 ,hall1 ,na?aniel1 #bbe4 ,hamilton1 ,alex&]1 #aeg1 #ahj4 ,hampd51 ,john1 #aeg4 ,hampd51 ,john1 a p>adox]1 #dai4 ,h>v>d ,college1 f\nd+ (1 #afa1 #bid4 ,h>vey1 ,william1 on ! advance f simplicity to complexity1 #da2 8 rem>k ab\t ,bacon1 #chh2 8 discov]y ( ! circulation ( blood1 #djj1 #dja4 ,ha?away1 ,anne1 h] cottage at ,%ott]y1 #cfe4 ,helium1 #g4 ,helmholtz1 ,h]mann ,ludwig ,f]d9& von1 #bg4 ,helps1 ,sir ,ar?ur1 #fd4 ,h5ry ,v4 ( ,engl&1 #abe4 ,h5ry ,,viii4 ( ,engl&1 #abi1 #acd4 ,h5ry ! ,navigator1 ,pr9ce1 #abc4 ,h]b]t1 ,edw>d1 #cgd4 ,h]s*el1 ,sir ,john1 #dab4 ,het]og5eity1 #dd4 ,higg9son1 ,t4 ,w41 #aid4 ,hippocrates1 #djj4 ,hi/orian1 requirem5ts = mak+ an1 #bjh4 ,hit*cock1 ,edw>d1 #deh1 #dei4 ,hodge1 a circle-squ>]1 #dac-daf4 ,hol9%$1 ,raphael1 #ceh4 ,holmes1 ,na?aniel1 a p>adox]1 #cgi-cha1 #ddj4 ,holmes1 ,o4 ,w41 8 bir?place1 #cja4 ,homo tridactylus1 #deh4 ,homog5eity1 #dd4 ,hook1 ,!odore1 #cej4 ,hook]1 ,sir ,j41 #bj4 ,hook]1 ,ri*>d1 #ec1 #cgc4 ,hook]1 ,?omas1 #bib4 ,hosm]1 ,j4 ,k41 #aef-afe4 ,h\sehold sci5ce1 #ig4 ,h[l&1 ,fa!r1 #ddd1 #dde1 #ddh4 ,human sacrifices1 #cd4 ,human s\l1 c5tre ( ,sp5c]ian _w1 #dh4 ,humboldt1 ,alex&] von1 #dbb4 ,hum\r1 ,bacon's defici5cy 91 #dij2 seldom f\nd 9 cranks1 #daj4 ,hunt]1 ,sir ,john1 #chb4 ,hut*9son1 ,anne1 #afa1 #bib4 ,hut*9son1 ,?omas1 #bia1 #cjj4 ,hutton1 ,james1 8 !ory ( ! e>?1 #aj4 ,huxley1 ,t4 ,h41 #ag1 #cj1 #ia1 #ie1 #ccg1 #cdc-cdh1 #cfa1 #cfc4 ,huygh5s1 ,*ri/ian1 #bf1 #bg4 ,immortality ( ! s\l1 #fa1 #aad4 ,indep5d5cy1 #aca-acd4 ,inde/ructibility ( matt]1 #bh4 ,infancy1 *ief causes ( ! prolongation ( human1 #ajf-aji2 effect ( ! prolongation ( human1 #aji2 ( ! orang-outang1 #aje4 ,inquisition 9 ,spa91 effects (1 #abf4 ,insane lit]ature1 #djg-dji4 ,integration1 #dd4 ,int]national ,sci5tific ,s]ies1 #if1 #ig4 ,ireton1 ,h5ry1 #aeg4 ,iri% folk-lore1 #cai-ccb4 ,iroquois f>m]s 9 ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york1 #bji4 ,isolation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 impossibility ( ma9ta9+1 #aic4 ,jackson1 ,hughl+s1 #cfa1 #cfb4 ,james ,i41 #aca4 ,james ,,ii41 #acg4 ,james1 ,william1 #ddf1 #ddh4 ,jame/[n1 f\nd+ (1 #aij ,japan1 ,mongolian invasion (1 #dcg4 ,jeff]son1 ,?omas1 #ada1 #adb1 #aej1 #cje4 ,j5n+s1 ,isaac1 a p>adox]1 #deb4 ,jesuits 9 ,new ,france1 #abg4 ,jevons1 ,/anley1 #chh4 ,johnson1 ,edw91 a p>adox]1 #dch1 #dci4 ,johnson1 ,rev4 ,samuel1 #hh4 ,jones1 ,inigo1 #cgd4 ,jonson1 ,b51 #ceg1 #cff-cgj1 #cgd1 #cgh1 #che4 ,j\le1 ,j4 ,p41 #bg4 ,jupit]1 ! planet1 /ill feebly self-lum9\s1 #h4 ,kabaosa1 #bjj4 ,kant1 ,immanuel1 #bf1 #aej4 ,keats1 ,john1 #cei1 #cgd4 ,keely motor1 #dag4 ,kelv91 ,"l1 on ! size ( atoms1 #bi4 ,kepl]1 ,johannes1 #h4 ,k+1 ,rufus1 #cjj4 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 z an umpire1 #afg4 ,k9%ip1 reckon$ ?r\gh ! "m1 #cc4 ,kirk1 ,h4 ,c41 a p>adox]1 #deb4 ,ko*1 ,rob]t1 #bi4 ,kuhn1 ,adolph1 #cj4 ,lalemant1 ,j41 #aii4 ,lamb1 ,*>les1 #cej4 ,l&]1 ,william1 a p>adox]1 #dai4 ,l&is1 ,john1 ecc5tric poet1 #ddc4 ,lang1 ,&rew1 on ! ,hom]ic poems1 #cee4 ,langdon1 ,samuel1 #cja4 ,laplace1 ,m>quis ,pi]re ,simon de1 #dcd4 ,la ,salle1 ,rob]t1 #aii4 ,lavoisi]1 ,a4 ,l41 8 !ory ( combu/ion1 #c1 #cg4 ,lectur]1 h>d%ips ( a1 #hd4 ,lectures on sci5ce by ,e4 ,l4 ,y\mans1 #hb-hg4 ,leibnitz1 ,g4 ,w41 #chi4 ,leslie1 ,alex&]1 #aeh4 ,leve en masse1 sy/em (1 #ahe1 #ahf4 ,lewes1 ,g4 ,h41 #cfa-ccc4 ,lewis & ,cl>k1 #bjc4 ,light1 undulatory !ory (1 #bg4 ,l9demann's rese>*es on ,pi1 #djg4 ,l+ui/ic ,society ( ,p>is1 #ba4 ,l9nu1 8 sy/em ( classification1 #af2 8 relation to evolution1 #da4 ,little1 ,br[n ,co41 #aid1 #bje4 ,locke1 ,john1 #abe1 #acd4 ,loll>dism1 #acj4 ,london1 size (1 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 #cge4 ,longfell[1 ,h4 ,w41 #cab4 ,lotze1 ,h4 ,r41 #cda4 ,l\is ,,xiv41 #baf4 ,lov]+1 ,joseph1 #ded4 ,l[ell1 ,j4 ,r41 #bii1 #cab1 #cii4 ,lubbock1 ,sir ,j41 #ie4 ,lu!r1 ,m>t91 #abe4 ,lu!rans1 #adb4 ,lyell1 ,sir ,*>les1 greatness ( 8 "w1 #aj-ac2 #g4 ,macaulay1 ,"l1 #aef1 #chg4 ,madison1 ,james1 #ada-adc1 #aeg4 ,ma9e1 ,sir ,h5ry1 #ba1 #cj4 ,malpighi1 ,m41 #dja4 ,manipulation1 its importance 9 ! evolution ( man1 #aag1 #aah4 ,manuscripts us$ by ,p>kman1 #bjd4 ,m>ie de l',inc>nation1 #aii4 ,m>l[e1 ,*ri/oph]1 #cgc1 #che4 ,m>yl&1 #acf4 ,massa*usetts1 gr[? ( lib]al ?\ght 91 #add-adi4 ,masson1 ,david1 #aef4 ,ma/odon1 #dcg4 ,mat]ialism1 attack$ by ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 #ej4 ,ma!r1 ,cotton1 #bid4 ,maur]1 ,k41 #cj4 ,maurice1 ,f4 ,d41 #cda4 ,may]1 ,j4 ,r41 #bg4 ,maypoles1 #cge4 ,mega-ergaton docile1 #dei4 ,megalomania ( cranks1 #daj4 ,memorial ,hall at ,cambridge1 ,mass41 #cac4 ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 its crazy law1 #chf4 ,m]es1 ,francis1 8 praise ( ,%akespe>e1 #cgf1 #cgg4 ,m]maid ,tav]n1 #cgd4 ,metamorphosis ( motions1 #ee-eg4 ,me?odism1 #adh4 ,mexico1 conque/ (1 #bja1 #bjb4 ,middle ,ages1 accumulat$ mis]y 91 #ahc1 #ahd4 ,middlesex ,fells1 #bbg4 ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream1 ,a1 #cge4 ,mill1 ,j4 ,s41 #id1 #cce4 ,milton1 ,john1 #abe1 #acd1 #aci2 8 ,lycidas1 #ceh2 8 v]ses on ,%akespe>e1 #cfh1 #cfi4 ,m9turn1 ,r4 ,b41 #ie4 ,momms51 ,t41 #cj4 ,montaigne1 ,m4 de1 #cij1 #djc4 ,montcalm1 #bja4 ,montezuma1 #bjc4 ,morality1 beg9n+s (1 #aaj4 ,morell1 ,j4 ,d41 #hg4 ,morgan1 ,appleton1 #cga4 ,morse1 ,royal1 #caj4 ,morphology1 #ae4 ,na%1 ,?omas1 #chd4 ,nason1 a p>adox]1 #dci4 ,natural selection1 #bd4 ,nebul> !ory1 #bf1 #de1 #df1 #gg4 ,neptune1 ! planet1 discov]y (1 #e4 ,ne!rl&s1 tol]ation 91 #ace1 #acf4 ,new ,hav5 ,colony1 suppress$ by ,*>les ,,ii41 #adf4 ,new ,ne!rl&s1 #acf4 ,newton1 ,sir ,isaac1 #b1 #e1 #f1 #i1 #bg1 #cg1 #ff1 #abe1 #abf1 #chh1 #dah1 #dai4 ,noble ,savage1 #bjj4 ,nord5skjld1 ,b>on1 ,sw$i% explor]1 #dbd1 #dbe4 ,norton1 ,john1 #adf4 ,nov]9t1 trade (1 a slang expression1 #chd4 ,octog5>ian layman1 an1 #dcb-dcd4 ,odyssey1 !1 #baj4 ,o]/$1 ,h4 ,c41 #bg4 ,ogillalah ,indians1 #bdj4 ,old ,s\? ,*ur*1 f\nd+ (1 #adf1 #bii4 ,olney1 ,ri*>d1 #aff1 #age4 ,ophelia1 h] "r to ,*ri/ian burial1 #chj4 ,orang-outang1 an infant1 br\ght up by ,a4 ,r4 ,wallace1 #aje1 #ajf4 ,oregon ,trail1 ,!1 by ,francis ,p>kman1 #bcf-bdh4 ,orion1 nebula (1 #g4 ,or?odoxies1 new & old1 #abi1 #aea4 ,ovum1 %[s ! process ( developm5t 9 all its /ages1 #dc1 #dd4 ,ow51 ,orville1 a p>adox]1 #cgj1 #djc4 ,ox5/j]n1 cynical rem>k (1 #cdi4 ,pa9e1 ,?omas1 #adi4 ,paley1 ,fr$]ick1 #cec4 ,p>is1 massacres ( prison]s 91 #bhg4 ,p>k]1 ,!odore1 #add1 #aea1 #bcj4 ,p>kman1 ,eb5ez]1 #bbc4 ,p>kman1 ,francis1 z an hi/orian1 #aid-bbb2 8 bir?1 #bbc2 8 boyhood1 #bbf-bcj2 8 fir/ j\rney to ,europe1 #bcc-bce2 8 life among ,indians1 #bce-bdf2 8 ill-heal?1 #bch1 #bci1 #bdf-bej1 #bed1 #bef1 #bfa2 h[ he compos$ ,! ,conspiracy ( ,pontiac1 #bdi-bea2 8 m>riage1 #bec2 8 h\se at ,jamaica ,pla91 #bee1 #bef2 8 g>d5 & gre5h\se1 #beg1 #beh2 8 em95ce 9 horticulture1 #beh2 8 pamphlets1 #bfc2 8 dea?1 #bfd2 greatness ( 8 "w1 #bfd4 ,p>kman1 ,rev4 ,francis1 #bbd1 #bbe4 ,p>kman1 ,samuel1 #bbc4 ,p>sons1 ,!ophilus1 #cjj4 ,p>!nog5esis1 #cde-cdh4 ,passioni/s1 a mona/ic ord]1 #bcd4 ,pa/eur1 ,l\is1 #bi4 ,pauncefote1 ,sir ,j41 #aff4 ,peaceful t5d5cies ( comm]ce1 #ahg1 #ahh4 ,peirce1 ,b5jam91 #cac4 ,peloponnesian ,w>1 #bhi4 ,pembroke1 ,e>l (1 #cfg4 ,p5dulum1 #bg4 ,p5n1 ,william1 #acd1 #ach4 ,p5nsylvania1 #acg4 ,p]petual motion1 #dag4 ,p]spective1 hi/oric1 #aie1 #aif4 ,pet]%am1 ,mass41 a religi\s community 91 #ddd-deb4 ,phlogi/on1 doctr9e (1 #b-d4 ,phokion1 8 e/imate ( popul>ity1 #ccd4 ,photography1 application to ! telescope1 #h4 ,pi1 a geometrical symbol1 #dje-djg1 #dab4 ,pick]+1 ,timo?y1 #cjj4 ,pisi/ratus1 #ceb4 ,platte ,riv]1 !1 #bjc4 ,pl[d5's ,reports1 #cha4 ,plut>*1 #ceh2 8 essay on sup]/ition1 edit$ by a p>adox]1 #ddb4 ,poetry1 ecc5tric1 #ddc4 ,pontiac1 ,! ,conspiracy (1 #aie1 #bdi-bea4 ,pope1 ,alex&]1 #chg4 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,!1 #ih4 ,positivism1 weakness (1 #ad4 ,pott1 ,mrs4 ,h41 a p>adox]1 h] edition ( ! ,promus manuscript1 #cid1 #cie4 ,prmunire /atutes1 #acj4 ,precision ( detail 9 my?s1 #cbc-cbe4 ,presbyt]ianism1 #aca4 ,presbyt]ians1 #adb4 ,prescott1 ,william1 #bja1 #bjb4 ,pride's ,purge1 #afc4 ,prie/ley1 ,joseph1 8 discov]y ( oxyg51 #a-d1 #bf1 #cg2 8 treatise on electricity1 #bg2 burn+ ( 8 h\se1 #bhg4 ,proctor1 ,ri*>d1 #dba4 ,pr(anity1 sil5t1 #cci4 ,progressiv5ess ( man1 explanation ( !1 #ajh4 ,promus ( ,=mul>ies & ,elegancies1 #cid4 ,prophecy lunatics1 #dcb-dcd4 ,prospect ,union1 !1 #cae4 ,protection run mad1 #bai1 #bbj4 ,prussia1 revelation ( h] milit>y /r5g?1 #ahf4 ,psy*ology1 ,sp5c]'s ma/]ly treatm5t (1 #dh1 #di4 ,puritan !ocracy1 #ade1 #adf4 ,puritanism1 orig9 (1 #acj-acb4 ,putnam1 ,israel1 #bja4 ,pym1 ,john1 #aeg4 ,pyramid lunatics1 #dbh-dca4 ,pyramids ( ,egypt1 #baa4 ,quak]ism1 :]e9 di/+ui%$ f ,indep5d5cy1 #ach4 ,quimby1 ,w41 a p>adox]1 #dca4 ,radcliffe ,college1 #cad4 ,radiata1 #ag4 ,raleigh1 ,sir ,walt]1 #abe1 #cfd1 #cgc1 #cic4 ,rank+1 ,john1 #dcg4 ,r$ ,wat]1 an ,indian w>rior1 #bda4 ,re$1 ,edw91 a p>adox]1 #cff1 #cfg4 ,re=m ( human nature1 sl[ness (1 #gf4 ,regi/ration ( exp]i5ces1 #ajg1 #ajh4 ,religion1 reality (1 #aad1 #aae4 ,r5aissance1 #abd4 ,rhode ,isl&1 #acf2 ,ca?olics disfran*is$ 91 #aci4 ,ri*>ds1 ,fa!r1 #ddi1 #dej4 ,ripley1 ,george1 #ib4 ,riv]side ,press1 !1 #cjh4 ,rob]ts1 ,g4 ,l41 #ic4 ,robl91 ,capta91 a p>adox]1 #dah4 ,roe1 ,j4 ,e41 a p>adox]1 #djc4 ,romano1 ,julio1 #cgb1 #cgc4 ,root & bran* m51 #aca4 ,r\sseau1 ,j4 ,j41 #bjj4 ,r[bo?am1 ,samuel1 a p>adox]1 #dba4 ,rum=d1 ,c\nt1 #bg4 ,runn+ = (fice 9 ,tir na n-,og1 #cbi4 ,russell1 ,"l ,john1 #dab4 ,ru!r=d1 ,samuel1 #acc4 ,sa9t-,hilaire1 ti5ne ,ge(froy1 #bj4 ,sa9t-,hilaire1 ,isidore ,ge(froy1 #bj4 ,saturn's r+s1 #bg4 ,savage life1 delights (1 #bjg1 #bjh4 ,savag]y1 types (1 #cb4 ,savages & b>b>ians1 #baa4 ,saxo ,grammaticus1 #cei4 ,s*eele1 ,c4 ,w41 8 relation to ! discov]y ( oxyg51 #c4 ,s*ell+1 ,f4 ,w4 ,j41 #da4 ,s*legel1 ,augu/ von1 #djb4 ,s*lei*]1 ,a41 #cj4 ,s*leid51 ,m4 ,j41 8 cell doctr9e1 #ah4 ,s*ool-tea*]1 a model1 #ga4 ,s*wann's cell doctr9e1 #ah4 ,sci5ce1 pure & appli$1 #bi4 ,sc(ield1 ,ca!r9e1 #fh4 ,scott1 ,sir ,walt]1 #aii4 ,seld51 ,john1 #cgd4 ,s]vetus1 ,mi*ael1 #dja4 ,%akespe>e1 ,william1 #abe1 #cef-djd4 ,%aw1 ,qu9cy1 #bjc1 #bcf4 ,%5&oah ,valley1 settlem5t (1 #adb4 ,%ep>d1 ,?omas1 #bic4 ,%ep>d ,*ur* 9 ,cambridge1 f\nd+ (1 #bii4 ,%ocks1 n]v\s & psy*ical1 #fj4 ,silliman1 ,b41 #dec4 ,silsbee1 ,edw>d1 #hh4 ,sk9n]1 a p>adox]1 #dcj4 ,smallwit1 ,mr41 sub/itut$ "n = a p>adox]1 #djh1 #dji4 ,smi?1 ,james1 a circle-squ>]1 #daa4 ,smi?1 ,capta9 ,john1 #bjc4 ,smy?1 ,c4 ,piazzi1 a p>adox]1 #dbf-dbi4 ,society & organism1 deepe/ di/9ction betwe51 #dg4 ,sol> sy/em1 #e4 ,solemn ,league & ,cov5ant1 #aeh4 ,sophocles1 ,e4 ,a41 #cab4 ,s\?ampton1 ,e>l (1 #cgj4 ,spa91 h] me?ods 9 ,am]ica1 #bad1 #bae4 ,spani% lit]ature & sci5ce1 #abf4 ,speak+ ) tongues1 #dea4 ,spectrum analysis1 #f1 #g4 ,sp$d+1 ,james1 #chf4 ,sp5c]1 ,h]b]t1 #bj1 #be1 #bf1 #ci-ea1 #ee1 #ff1 #fg1 #hf-if1 #cci1 #cda1 #cfa-cfc2 "s ambiguities ( expression1 #eh-fa4 ,sp5c]ians1 =ty ye>s ago1 #ic4 ,sp5s]1 ,edmund1 #cgd2 8 complim5t to ,%akespe>e1 #cgf4 ,sp9oza1 ,b41 #chh4 ,spot ,pond1 #bbg4 ,/ahl1 ,g4 ,e41 #b-d1 #cg4 ,/&>d ( degrees ( organization1 #de4 ,/>s1 multiple1 #f1 #g4 ,/one ,age1 m5 ( !1 #baj1 #bdj1 #bia4 ,/ory1 ,joseph1 #cjj4 ,/raf=d1 ,e>l (1 #aed4 ,/rat=d1 its dirty /reets1 #cfe4 ,/rong1 ,caleb1 #cjj4 ,/uyvesant1 ,pet]1 8 treatm5t ( ,quak]s1 #acg4 ,suffrage1 limit$ to *ur* memb]s 9 ,massa*usetts & ,new ,hav51 #ade1 #adf4 ,sullam>1 ,h5ry1 a circle-squ>]1 #dcd4 ,sully1 ,duke (1 #aij4 ,swan ( ,avon1 #cff1 #cfg4 ,swift1 ,jona?an1 #djd4 ,symmes1 ,am]icus1 a p>adox]1 #dbd1 #dbe4 ,symmes1 ,j4 ,c41 a p>adox]1 #dba-dbc4 ,synods & congregations1 #acc4 ,taylor1 ,rob]t1 imprison$ = blasphemy1 #dci4 ,telescope-mak+ 9 ,cambridge1 #cji4 ,!ocritus1 #ceh4 ,?ir/ = k1 #gj4 ,?omson1 ,sir ,william4 ,see ,kelv91 ,"l4 ,?omson1 ,sir ,wyville1 #cde4 ,?\ & y 9 ,%akespe>e's "t1 #cib1 #cic4 ,?und]-fight]s1 !1 #bdb4 ,ticknor ,fields1 #hi4 ,tir na n-,og1 ! l& ( y\?1 #cbh4 ,top-knot come d[n1 #cdh4 ,tory p>ty 9 ,new ,engl&1 #adf4 ,t\rneur1 ,cyril1 #cgc4 ,t[n meet+s1 #cje4 ,trade betwe5 ,europe & ,asia1 #abb1 #abc4 ,tr5t1 affair ( !1 #agb1 #agh1 #agi4 ,tribunals ( arbitration1 #afg-agj4 ,troilus & ,cressida1 #cei4 ,trollope1 ,an?ony1 8 controv]sy ) ,e4 ,a4 ,freeman z to fox-hunt+1 #bhc4 ,tylor1 ,t4 ,b41 #cj4 ,tyndall1 ,john1 #ccg4 ,uncle ,good1 #ga4 ,uni=mity 9 geology1 #aj4 ,union1 ! s5tim5t (1 #ahj1 #aha4 ,unit>ian movem5t1 !1 #adh-aea4 ,univ]salism1 #adh4 ,univ]sity ,press 9 ,cambridge1 #big1 #cjh4 ,upham1 ,c4 ,w41 #aee4 ,uranus1 ! planet1 #e4 ,vane1 ,sir ,h5ry1 #aci1 #aed-afe4 ,vas>i's ,lives ( ! ,pa9t]s1 #cgb4 ,v5ice1 w\ld n accept ! ,inquisition1 #ace2 h] crime aga9/ ,con/ant9ople1 #bhg4 ,v5us & ,adonis1 #cgj1 #cga4 ,vesalius1 ,a41 #dja4 ,ve/iges ( ,creation1 #gg4 ,vico1 ,g4 ,b41 #ceb4 ,v9dex1 a p>adox]1 #ddb4 ,v9+1 ,edw>d1 #djj4 ,virg9ia & religi\s fre$om1 #ada1 #adb4 ,volney1 ,c\nt1 #dbb4 ,voltaire1 #adi2 8 rem>k ab\t ,%akespe>e1 #cii4 ,wallace1 ,a4 ,r41 #bd1 #cj1 #ajb-ajd4 ,wa%+ton's ,f>ewell ,address1 #aic4 ,wat]t[n1 its prote/ aga9/ taxation )\t repres5tation1 #bia4 ,web/]1 ,john1 #cgc4 ,we/1 ,rev4 ,samuel1 #cjj4 ,we/ ,gate ( ,cambridge1 #bif4 ,:ewell1 ,william1 #daa1 #dce4 ,:itman1 ,walt1 #cch4 ,wild]1 ,s4 ,h41 #eh4 ,william & ,m>y1 #ach4 ,williams1 ,rog]1 #acd1 #aci-ada1 #afa1 #afb4 ,w9?rop1 ,john1 #adf4 ,wolf1 ,f4 ,a41 #ceb2 8 !ory ( ! 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