,,conc]n+ ,,*ildr5 99 99 99 99 99 ,by ,*>lotte ,p]k9s ,/etson ,,9 ,,?is ,,our ,,_w4 ,clo?1 #afmo4 #e_/-- ,,wom5 ,,& ,,economics4 ,clo?1 #abmo4 #f_/-- ,,! ,,yell[ ,,wall ,,pap]4 ,pap] bo>ds1 #abmo4 #b_/-- ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons #bd ,b$=d ,/reet ,/r& ,,london1 ,w4,c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,conc]n+ ,,*ildr5 ,,by ,,*>lotte ,,p]k9s ,,/etson ,,gilman ,,au?or ,,( ,,wom5 ,,& ,,economics1 ,,9 ,,?is ,,our ,,_w1 ,,! ,,yell[ ,,wall ,,pap]4 ,illu/ration ,,london3 ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons ,,bo/on3 ,,small1 ,,mayn>d ,,co4 #aijc ,,to ,,my ,,daught]1 ,,ka?>9e ,,:o ,,has ,,taught ,,me ,,mu* ,,( ,,:at ,,is ,,writt5 ,,"h ,cont5ts4 ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,preci\s ,,t5 #c ,,ii4 ,,! ,,effect ,,( ,,m9d+ ,,on ,,! ,,m9d #be ,,iii4 ,,two ,,& ,,two ,,toge!r #df ,,iv4 ,,! ,,burnt ,,*ild ,,dreads ,,! ,,slipp] #gj ,v4 ,,tea*able ,,e?ics #if ,,vi4 ,a ,,place ,,= ,,*ildr5 #aah ,,vii4 ,,unconsci\s ,,s*ool+ #aci ,,viii4 ,,presumptu\s ,,age #aef ,,ix4 ,,! ,,respect ,,due ,,to ,,y\? #afi ,x4 ,,too ,,mu* ,,consid]ation #ahc ,,xi4 ,,six ,,mo!rs #bjj ,,xii4 ,,m$itations ,,on ,,! ,,nurse-,,maid #bab ,,xiii4 ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,s]vants #bcc ,,xiv4 ,,mo!rs1 ,,natural ,,& ,,unnatural #bee ,,xv4 ,,social ,,p>5tage #bgh ,conc]n+ ,*ildr5 ,i4 ,,! ,,preci\s ,,t54 ,accord+ to our religi\s belief1 ! la/ be/ "w ( ,god is ! human race4 ,accord+ to ! obs]vation ( biologi/s1 ! highe/ product ( evolution is ! human race4 ,accord+ to our own natural inn] conviction1 ?is tw(old te/imony is q acceptable3 we are ! fir/ class4 ,:atev] our m]its :5 comp>$ ) l[] species1 h[ev]1 we v>y conspicu\sly :5 comp>$ ) "o ano!r4 ,humanity is sup]ior to equ9ity1 fel9ity1 can9ity2 b !re are degrees ( humanness4 ,betwe5 exi/+ nations !re is m>k$ diff]5ce 9 ! qualities we call human2 & hi/ory %[s u a long l9e ( advance 9 ^! qualities 9 ! same nation4 ,! human race is /ill 9 ! mak+1 is by no means done2 &1 h[ev] noble x is to be human1 x w be nobl] to be human]4 ,z consci\s be+s1 able to modify our own acts1 we h p[] to improve ! species1 to promote ! developm5t ( ! human race4 ,?is br+s u to ! *ildr54 ,individuals may improve m or less at any "t1 ?\gh mo/ l>gely & easily 9 y\?2 b race improvem5t mu/ be made 9 y\?1 to be transmitt$4 ,! real progress ( man is born 9 him4 ,if y 7 buy+ babies1 inve/+ 9 "y human /ock z y w\ld 9 colts or calves1 = ! value ( ! bea/1 a /urdy ,engli% baby w\ld be wor? m ?an an equally vigor\s "y ,fuegian4 ,) ! same tra9+ & c>e1 y c\ld develope high] faculties 9 ! ,engli% specim5 ?an 9 ! ,fuegian specim51 because x 0 bett] br$4 ,! savage baby w\ld excel 9 "s po9ts1 b ! qualities ( ! mod]n baby are ^? dom9ant to-day4 ,education c d mu*2 b ! body & bra9 ! *ild is born ) are all t y h to educate4 ,! progress ( humanity mu/ be record$ 9 liv+ fle%4 ,unless ! *ild is a m advanc$ specim5 ?an 8 fa!r & "m1 !re is no racial improvem5t4 ,virtues we /ill /rive = are n yet ours3 x is ! unconsci\s virtues we are born ) t measure ! rise ( nations4 ,our me*anical products 9 all _! ri* v>iety s]ve two purposes1--to %[ ! measure ( ! bra9s t made !m1 & to help make bett] ones4 ,! pr9t+-press1 = in/ance1 m>k$ a c5tury ( ability2 b its ma9 value is to develope c5turies ( great] ability4 ,society secretes1 z x 71 ?is mass ( mat]ial :]e) to n\ri% its c\ntless "y2 &1 z ?is mat]ial is s p]man5t & s mobile1 x is proportionately m advantage\s to our po/]ity ?an ! c>eful prep>ation ( "s anxi\s insect = h] sw>m ( prog5y4 ,unless ! creature is born bett] ?an 8 creators1 !y d n save him4 ,he s9ks back or is ov]come by o!rs1 p]haps l+]+ decad5t among ! traces ( lo/ arts1 l deg5]ate nomad savages :o w&] among ! ru9s ( ance/ral temples4 ,we see pl5ty ( su* cases1 individually1 %[+ ?is arre/$ social developm5t1--f ! eighte5?-c5tury man1 :o is only a little beh9d 8 age & does n h9d] u mu*1 to ! dragg+ masses ( dull peasantry & crude savag]y1 :i* keep u back s s]i\sly4 ,?is does n include ! rev]sions & deg5]ates1 ! absolutely abortive memb]s ( society2 b m]ely its raw /ock1 t heavy proportion ( ! p :o are n br$ up to ! /&>d ( ! age4 ,to su* we may apply e advantage ( education1 e facile conv5i5ce ( ! late/ day2 &1 ?\gh ^! ?+s d help a little1 we h /ill ! sl[-m9d$ mass1 ^: limit$ range ( faculties acts z a /eady *eck on ! success ( our be/ intellects4 ,! sure/1 quicke/ way to improve humanity is to improve ! /ock1 ! p !mselves2 & all exp]i5ce %[s t ! "t to improve p is :ile !y are "y4 ,z 9 a gr[+ corn/alk ! height is to be measur$ f jo9t to jo9t1 n c\nt+ ! l5g? ( its long1 d[n-fl[+ leaves1 s 9 our l9e ( asc5t ! height is to be measur$ f bir? to bir?1 n c\nt+ ! fur!r developm5t ( ! p>5t aft] ! *ild is born4 ,! cont9u$ life ( ! p>5t c\nts 9 o!r ways1 z x contributes to social s]vice2 &1 9 especial1 z x reacts to promote ! fur!r gr[? ( ! "y4 ,b ! be/ s]vice to society & ! *ild is 9 ! progress made by ! individual be=e p>5tage1 = t progress is born into ! race4 ,betwe5 bir? & bir? is ! race br$ upw>d4 ,suppose we wi% to improve a race ( l[ savages1 & we c>efully select ! p>5ts1 subject+ !m to ! mo/ elaborate educational influ5ces1 till !y are all dead4 ,!n we return1 & take a fre% set ( p>5ts to place "u ^! advantage\s conditions1 leav+ ! *ildr5 always to gr[ up 9 unt\*$ savag]y4 ,?is might be done = _m g5]ations1 & we %\ld always h ! same k9d ( savages to lab\r )1 :at improvem5t 0 made be+ buri$ ) ea* set ( p>5ts4 ,n[1 on ! o!r h&1 let u take ! *ildr5 ( ! tribe1 subject !m to ! mo/ advantage\s conditions1 &1 :5 !y become p>5ts1 discont9ue our ef=ts on t g5]ation & beg9 on ! next4 ,:at ga9 0 made 9 ?is case w\ld be incorporat$ 9 ! /ock2 we %\ld h gradually improv+ relays ( *ildr54 ,s f> z environm5t is to really develope ! race1 t developm5t mu/ be made be=e ! bir? ( ! next g5]ation4 ,if a "y man & woman are clean1 heal?y1 vigor\s1 & virtu\s be=e p>5?ood1 !y may become dirty1 sickly1 weak1 & wick$ aft]w>d ) f> less ill effect to ! race ?an if !y 7 sick & vici\s be=e _! *ildr5 7 born1 & !reaft] became /alw>t sa9ts4 ,! s[+ ( wild oats w\ld be f> less h>mful if s[$ 9 ! autumn in/ead ( 9 ! spr+4 ,human be+s are said to h a long] p]iod ( immaturity ?an o!r animals2 b x is n prolong$ *ildhood :i* di/+ui%es u s mu* z prolong$ p>5?ood4 ,9 e>ly =ms ( life ! p>5t promptly dies aft] hav+ reproduc$ ! species4 ,he is ( no fur!r use to ! race1 & !re=e 8 life is discont9u$4 ,9 ! evolution ( species1 z ! p>5t becomes m & m able to b5efit ! "y1 he is reta9$ long] 9 (fice2 & 9 humanity1 z x developes1 we see an increas+ prolongation ( p>5tal usefulness4 ,! reactive value ( ! adult ^u ! "y is v great1 cov]+ our :ole range ( consci\s education2 b ! real wor? ( t education is 9 its effects on ! "y be=e !y become p>5ts1 t ! tra9+ & improvem5t may become ours by bir?1 an inbr$ racial progress4 ,x may be well "h to consid] ! objections rais$ by ! ,weissman !ory t acquir$ traits are n transmissible4 ,to ^? :o believe ?is x seems useless to try to improve a race by developm5t ( ! "y ) a view to transmission4 ,!y hold t ! *ild inh]its a c]ta9 gr\p ( faculties1 diff]+ f ! p>5ts p]haps ?r\gh ! t5d5cy to v>y1 & t1 al?\gh y may improve ! individual indef9itely ?r\gh education1 t improvem5t is n transmissible to 8 (fspr+4 ,! orig9al faculties may be transmitt$1 b n ! individual modification4 ,?us !y w\ld hold t1 if two bro!rs inh]it$ ! same k9d & am\nt ( bra9 p[]1 & "o bro!r 0 submitt$ to ! f9e/ educational environm5t1 :ile ! o!r 0 entirely neglect$1 yet ! *ildr5 ( ! two bro!rs w\ld inh]it ! same am\nt ( bra9 developm5t3 ! tra9+ & ex]cise :i* s visibly improv$ ! bra9 ( ! educat$ bro!r w\ld be lo/ to 8 *ildr54 ,or1 if two bro!rs inh]it$ ! same physical con/itution1 & "o develop$ & improv$ x by judici\s c>e & ex]cise1 :ile ! o!r wa/$ /r5g? & contract$ disease1 ! *ildr5 ( ei!r w\ld inh]it ! orig9al con/itutional t5d5cies ( ! p>5t1 unaffect$ by t p>5t's previ\s c>e]4 ,?is w\ld mean t ! :ole trem5d\s m>* ( race-modification has be5 made "u no o!r influ5ce ?an ! t5d5cy to v>y1 & t individual modification 9 no way affects ! race4 ,successive g5]ations ( individuals may be affect$ by ! cumulative pressure ( progress1 b n ! race itself4 ,"u ?is view ! ,fuegian baby w\ld be z valuable an inve/m5t z ! ,engli% baby1 unless1 inde$1 successive & s+ul>ly connect$ t5d5cies to v>y _h work$ long ^u ! ,engli% /ock & peculi>ly neglect$ ! ,fuegian4 ,9 pro( ( ?is claim t acquir$ traits are n transmissible1 an ov]:elm+ s]ies ( exp]im5ts are pres5t$1 z :]e9 _m consecutive g5]ations ( peaceful gu9ea pigs are mutilat$ 9 precisely ! same way1 &1 lo6 ! la/ gu9ea pig is born z f\r-legg$ & symmetrically-featur$ z ! fir/4 ,if x _h be5 s arrang$ t ! crippl$ gu9ea pigs obta9$ "s advantage because ( _! injuries1 !y might h ?us become fitte/2 & ! t5d5cy to v>y w\ld p]haps h laun*$ out a cripple some:]e1 & s evolv$ a triumphant l9e ( ?ree-legg$ gu9ea pigs4 ,b1 z prov5 by ^! c>efully conduct$ sci5tific exp]im5ts1 x does n modify ! species at all to cut (f its legs1--n 9 a score ( g5]ations4 ,x modifies ! imm$iate pig1 ( c\rse1 & is d\btless unpleasant to him2 b ! effect is lo/ ) 8 dea?4 ,x has always seem$ to me t !re 0 a l>ge diff]5ce betwe5 a mutilation & an acquir$ trait4 ,an acquir$ trait is some?+ t "o uses & developes1 n some?+ "o has lo/4 ,! *ildr5 ( a soldi] are suppos$ to inh]it some?+ ( 8 c\rage & 8 habit ( ob$i5ce1 n 8 wood5 leg4 ,! dw9dl$ feet ( ! ,*9ese ladies are n transmitt$2 b ! ,*9ese habits are4 ,! individual is mo/ modifi$ by :at he does1 n by :at is done to him2 & s is ! race4 ,let a new exp]im5t be p]=m$ on ! long-suff]+ gu9ea pig4 ,take two fl\ri%+ pair ( ! same family 7=tunately1 ! t5d5cy to v>y appe>s to be b slight 9 gu9ea pigs1 s !re is n s]i\s tr\ble f t s\rce71 & let "o pair ( gu9ea pigs be lodg$ 9 a small b com=table cage1 & f$ & f$ & f$1--n to excess1 b s z to supply all gu9ea-piggian desires z soon z felt1--!m & _! desc5dants 9 _! unnumb]$ g5]ations4 ,let ! o!r pair be />t$ on a long1 sl[1 cauti\s1 delicate b inexorable sy/em ( ex]cise1 n ex]cise involv+ any advantage1 ) c>eful mat+ ( ! mo/ lively1--= ?is w\ld be claim$ z %[+ only ! t5d5cy to v>y & survival ( ! fitte/1--b ex]cise =c$ ^u ! unwill+ piggies to no pr(it :atev]4 ,a :eel1 su* z mitigates ! captivity ( ! nimble squirrel1 %\ld be appli$ to ^! reluctant victims2 a well-select$1 /imulat+ diet giv5 at sl[ly increas+ int]vals2 & ! physical inequalities ( _! abode become great]1 s t ! unhappy subjects ( sci5tific rese>* w\ld f9d !mselves skipp+ ev] fa/] & f>!r f day to day4 ,if1 aft] _m g5]ations ( su* tra9+1 ! desc5dants ( ^! cultivat$ gu9ea pigs c\ld n outrun ! desc5dants ( ! plump & puffy cage-f$ pair1 ! ,weissman !ory w\ld be m /rongly re-en=c$ ?an by all ! evid5ce ( 8 suff]+ cripples4 ,mean:ile ! p>5t & tea*] 9 g5]al is n greatly conc]n$ ab\t !ories ( pan-g5esis or g]m-plasm4 ,he kn[s t1 z ! twig is b5t1 ! tree's incl9$1 & t1 if ! fa!rs h eat5 s\r grapes1 ! *ildr5's tee? are pretty c]ta9 to be set on edge4 ,inh]it we mu/ to "s degree2 & :atev] comes to u by t me?od mu/ belong to ! p>5t be=e he is a p>5t4 ,traits acquir$ aft] p>5tage are c]ta9ly n transmissible1 :atev] may be ! case be=e4 ,our inh]it$ con/itution1 temp]1 "*1 t5d5cy1 is l an entail$ e/ate4 ,x is 9 ! family1 belongs to ! family 9 succession1 n to ! individual4 ,x is own$ by ! individual 9 usufruct1 b _c be sold1 giv5 away1 or o!rwise ali5at$4 ,x mu/ be h&$ on to ! next heir1 some:at bett] or worse1 p]haps1 = ! curr5t own]%ip4 ,:5 ! new heir takes possession ( 8 e/ate1 he conf]s ) ! /ew>d1 & becomes ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) 8 hold+s4 ,"h are ! assets1--?is mu* 9 p]man5t capital1 ?is mu* 9 income1 :i* he may use z he w4 ,x w\ld be possible = him to ov]sp5d t income1 to cut d[n ! timb] & sell x1 to incur debts1 impov]i%+ ! next heir4 ,p]haps ?is has be5 done2 & he f9ds himself ) neglect$ l&s1 build+s 9 disrepair1 re/rict$ res\rces1 & heavy debts4 ,9 su* case ! duty ( ! heir is to live c>efully1 avoid+ e extravagance1 & devote all he c save to cle>+ (f ! encumbrances on ! e/ate1 ?us h&+ x on to ! next heir 9 bett] %ape ?an he receiv$ x4 ,if ?is is n done1 if "o g5]ation aft] ano!r ( inh]itors draws rel5tlessly on ! burd5$ e/ate & adds to its encumbrances1 !re comes a "t :5 ! heavy mortgages are =eclos$1 & t e/ate is lo/4 ,s ) ! human con/itution4 ,we inh]it su* & su* p[]s & faculties2 su* & su* weaknesses1 faults1 t5d5cies to disease4 ,our income is ! available /r5g? we h to sp>e )\t draw+ on our capital4 ,p]haps our ance/ors h ov]drawn already1 wa/+ _! n]ve =ce1 injur+ _! organisms1 h&+ d[n to u an impov]i%$ physique1 ) sc>ce income en\gh = runn+ exp5ses1 yet ne$+ a l>ge s9k+ fund = repairs4 ,9 ?is case x is our pla9 duty to live )9 our means 9 n]ve =ce1 h[ev] limit$1 & to devote all we c sp>e to build+ up ! con/itution1 t we may transmit x 9 an improv$ condition to ! next heir4 ,if we d n d ?is1 if successive g5]ations ov]draw _! /r5g?1 neglect necess>y re/ & recreation1 increase _! weaknesses & diseases1 !n !re comes a "t :5 ! inexorable cr$itor call$ ,nature =ecloses ! mortgage1 & t family is ext9ct4 ,! heir ( ! entail$ e/ate 9 l&s & h\ses has an advantage ov] ! heir ( blood & bra94 ,he does n transmit 8 prop]ty until he dies4 ,he has a lifetime to make ! ne$$ improvem5ts4 ,b ! inh]itor ( poor eyesight1 weak lungs1 & a bad temp] has a %ort] p]iod = repairs4 ,if a woman1 %e is likely to become a "m by ! "t %e is tw5ty-five1--p]haps soon]2 ! man1 a fa!r by ?irty4 ,tak+ ! v e>ly m>riages ( ! poor into consid]ation 7& !y are a heavy majority ( ! population71 we may take tw5ty-five z ! av]age beg9n+ ( p>5?ood4 ,( c\rse !re is /ill room = improvem5t be=e ! lat] *ildr5 appe>2 b ! runn+ exp5ses increase s heavily t !re is b a small m>g9 to be giv5 to repairs4 ,! am\nt ( n]ve =ce hi!rto set aside to control ! irritable temp] w n[ be drawn ^u by _m new dem&s3 ! "t giv5 to special ex]cises = ! good ( ! lungs w n[ be o!rwise us$4 ,h[ev] good ! int5tions aft]w>d1 ! be/ p]iod = self-improvem5t is be=e ! *ildr5 come4 ,?is r$uces ! "t 9 :i* to develope humanity's inh]itance to tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,tw5ty-five ye>s is n mu* at be/2 & t "t is fur!r limit$1 z f> z individual responsibility goes1 by subtract+ ! p]iod ( *ildhood4 ,! fir/1 say1 fifte5 ye>s ( our lives are comp>atively irresponsible4 ,we h n ! judgm5t or ! self-control to m$dle ) our own lives to any advantage2 nor is x desirable t we %\ld4 ,unconsci\s gr[? is be/2 & ! desir$ improvem5t dur+ ?is p]iod %\ld be made by ! skilful educator )\t ! *ild's k4 ,b at ab\t fifte5 ! individual comes to a ke5 new consci\sness ( p]sonal responsibility4 ,t fre%1 unw>p$ s5se ( human hon\r1 ! race-en?usiasm ( ! "y2 & ! fund ( /r5g? !y be> ) !m2 toge!r ) ! v light exp5ses ( ?is p]iod1 all ! heavy dra9s ( life be+ met by ! p>5t1--^! conditions make t %ort t5 ye>s ! mo/ important decade ( a lifetime4 ,x is no wond] t we wor%ip y\?4 ,on x dep5ds m ?an on ! mo/ c>e-burd5$ age4 ,x is "o ( ! _m follies ( our blund]+ progression t we h = s long suppos$ t ! value ( ?is p]iod lay m]ely 9 its enjoyabl5ess4 ,) fre% s5sations & new /r5g?1 ) c>e1 lab\r1 & pa9 l>gely kept away1 y\? naturally enjoys m he>tily ?an age1 & has less to suff]2 b ^! are only incid5tal conditions4 ,e p]iod has its advantage & accompany+ responsibilities4 ,?is bless$ "t ( y\? is n ours to riot ?r\gh 9 *e]ful disreg>d ( human duty4 ,! biological advantage ( a long] p]iod ( immaturity is 9 its cumulative value to ! race1 ! old] p>5t hav+ m developm5t to transmit4 ,! human animal becomes adult comp>atively e>ly1--t is1 becomes capable ( reproduc+ ! species2 & 9 /ates ( l[ social grade he promptly sets ab\t x4 ,b ! human be+ is n only an individual animal3 he is a social con/itu5t4 ,he may be e>ly ready to replace himself by ano!r man z good1 b he is n yet able to improve ^u ! pa/ & give ! _w a man mu* bett]4 ,he is n yet develop$ z a memb] ( society1--tra9$ 9 ^? special l9es :i* make him n only a heal?i]1 /rong]1 r\nd] individual1 b a m highly effici5t memb] ( society4 ,our p to-day are n only l>g] & long]-liv$ ?an e>li] races1 b !y are capable ( social relations immeasurably high] ?an ^? op5 to a nev]-s-heal?y savage4 ,! savage z an individual animal may be equal--9 "s ways sup]ior--to ! mod]n man2 b1 z a social con/itu5t1 he is l a gra9 ( s& 9 a heap comp>$ to "s exquisitely fitt$ "p ( an intricate ma*9e1--a liv+ ma*9e1 an organism4 ,9 ?is social relation man may gr[ & develope all 8 life2 & t is :y civilisation1 socialisation1 br+s u useful & hon\rable age1 :ile savag]y knocks its old folk on ! head4 ,b :ile ! social /ructure gr[s 9 beauty1 ref9em5t1 & p[]1 & eighty ye>s may be sp5t 9 its glori\s s]vice1 t s]vice mu/ be giv5 by individuals4 ,unless ^! individuals improve f age to age1 %[+ a f9]1 subtl]1 /rong] bra9 & unimpair$ physique1 !re c be no g5u9e or endur+ social improvem5t4 ,we h se5 repeat$ly 9 hi/ory a social /atus lodg$ 9 comp>atively few individuals1 a n>r[ fragile upp]-class civilisation2 & we h se5 x always fall1--fall to ! level ( its ma9 con/itu5ts1 ! mass ( ! p4 ,"o p] c5t4 ( sane m5 9 a society ( lunatics w\ld make b a fooli% /ate2 "o p] c5t4 ( good m5 9 a society ( crim9als w\ld make a l[ grade ( virtue2 "o p] c5t4 ( ri* m5 9 a society ( poor peasants does n make a ri* community4 ,a society is compos$ ( ! p :o compose x1 /range to say1--all ( !m2 &1 z !y are1 x is4 ,! p mu/ be /eadily made bett] if ! _w is to move4 ,! way to make p bett] is to h !m born bett]4 ,! way to h !m born bett] is to make all possible improvem5t 9 ! individual be=e p>5tage4 ,t is :y y\? is holy & augu/3 x is ! f\nta9 ( human progress4 ,n only t ! *ild is fa!r to ! man1 b ! *ild is fa!r to ! /ate--& "m4 ,! fir/ fifte5 ye>s ( a *ild's life %\ld be treat$ ) a view to develop+ ! p[] ( judgm5t & w1 t he may be able to sp5d 8 preci\s t5 9 mak+ ! be/ possible gr[?4 ,a boy ( fifte5 is q old en\gh to und]/& ! ma9 pr9ciples ( "r liv+1 & to foll[ !m4 ,a girl ( fifte5 is q old en\gh to see ! spl5did possibilities t lie be=e h]1 bo? 9 h] individual s]vice to society & ! almo/ limitless p[] ( mo!rhood4 ,x is n y\? :i* makes our boys & girls s fooli% 9 _! behavi\r4 ,x is ! k9d ( tra9+ we give ! little *ild1 keep+ back ! mo/ valuable faculties ( ! bra9 in/ead ( help+ !m to gr[4 ,a boy ca/ out ^u ! /reet to "w soon manife/s bo? ! abilities & vices ( an old] p]son4 ,a girl re>$ 9 a frivol\s & artificial society becomes a practis+ coquette :ile yet a *ild4 ,^! conditions are bad1 & we d n wi% to p>allel !m by produc+ a morbidly self-consci\s & prematurely ag$ set ( y\ng/]s4 ,b1 if ! *ild has be5 tra9$ 9 reason & self-control1--n =c$1 b all[$ to gr[ 9 ! natural use ( ^! qualities1--he w be us$ to ex]cis+ !m :5 he rea*es ! fre] p]iod ( y\?1 & n f9d x s difficult to be wise4 ,x is natural = a *ild to reason1 & ! p[] gr[s ) enc\ragem5t & use4 ,x is natural = a *ild to delight 9 ! ex]cise ( 8 own w ^u himself 9 le>n+ to d ?+s4 ,! facility & pleasure & /rong self-control %[n by a *ild 9 play+ "s arbitr>y game prove t x is q natural = him to gov]n 8 acts to a desir$ end1 & enjoy x4 ,to a desir$ end1 h[ev]4 ,we h n yet succe$$ 9 enli/+ ! *ild's desires to help 8 ef=ts4 ,we r conv9ce him t be+ good is t$i\s & unpr(itable1 (t5 poignantly disagreeable2 &1 :5 he passes *ildhood1 he is hamp]$ ) ?is un=tunate misbelief ( our in/ill+4 ,b1 ) a heal?y bra9 & w1 a y\? ( fifte51 ) ! k easily available at t age1 %\ld be n only able & will+1 b glori\sly eag] = p]sonal developm5t4 ,x is an age ( so>+ ambition2 & t ambition1 direct$ 9 l9es ( real improvem5t1 is "o ( ,nature's lovelie/ & /ronge/ =ces to lift mank9d4 ,!re is a spl5did weal? ( aspiration 9 y\?1 a pure & haughty desire = ! v highe/1 :i* ought to be play+ into ! curr5t ( our racial life & lift+ x high] & high] ) ea* new g5]ation4 ,! love ( emulation1 too1 s hurtful 9 ! *eap1 false =ms x s (t5 takes1 is a beautiful =ce :5 turn$ to self-improvem5t4 ,we und]rate ! p[] ( good int5tion ( our "y p4 ,we *eck & irritate !m all ?r\gh *ildhood1 confus+ & depress+ ! upw>d t5d5cies2 & !n wag our ag$ heads pity+ly ov] ! follies ( y\?4 ,!re is wisdom 9 y\?1 & p[]1 if we w\ld b let x gr[4 ,a simple unconsci\s *ildhood1 %oot+ upw>d fa/ & /rong along l9es ( rational improv+ gr[?1 w\ld give to ! op5+ consci\sness ( y\? a heal?y backgr\nd ( ord]ly a*ievem5t1 & a glori\s =egr\nd1--! limitless front ( human progress4 ,su* "y p1 easily appreciat+ :at c\ld be done = !mselves & ! _w by "r liv+1 w\ld p\r _! ri* en?usiasm & un/ra9$ p[]s into real human gr[+1--! gr[+ t c be done s well 9 t %ort1 wond]ful t5 ye>s1--t mu/ be done !n1 if ! race is to be born bett]4 ,?ree or f\r g5]ations ( su* gr[? w\ld d m = man's improvem5t ?an our pres5t me?ods ( humaniculture accompli% 9 z _m c5turies4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,effect ,,( ,,m9d+ ,,on ,,! ,,m9d4 ,ob$i5ce1 we are told1 is a virtue4 ,?is seems simple & conclusive1 b on exam9ation fur!r que/ions rise4 ,:at is a virtue8 ,:at is ob$i5ce8 ,&1 if a virtue1 is x always & equally s8 ,!re is a "t :5 pati5ce ceases to be a virtue4 ,p]haps ob$i5ce has its limits1 too4 ,a virtue is a specific quality ( any?+1 z ! virtue ( mu/>d is 9 its bit+ quality2 ( glass1 transp>5cy2 ( a sword1 its edge & temp]4 ,9 moral application a virtue is a quality 9 mank9d :]eby we are mo/ advantag$4 ,we make a di/9ction 9 our specific qualities1 claim+ "s to be good & "s bad2 & ! virtues are ^? :]eby we ga9 ! highe/ good4 ,^! virtues ( humanity *ange 9 relative value ) "t1 place1 & circum/ance4 ,:at is consid]$ a virtue 9 primitive life becomes fooli%ness or ev5 vice 9 lat] civilisation2 yet ea* age & place c %[ cle> reason = its virtues1 trace _! introduction1 rise into high hon\r1 & gradual neglect4 ,= in/ance1 ! virtue ( endurance ranks high among savages4 ,to be able to be> hung] & heat & cold & pa9 & dire fatigue1--?is p[] is supreme virtue to ! savage1 = ! simple reason t x is supremely necess>y to him4 ,he has a l>ge *ance ( meet+ ^! afflictions all ?r\gh life1 & wisely prep>es himself be=eh& by wilfully und]go+ ev5 worse h>d%ips4 ,*a/ity is a comp>atively mod]n virtue1 /ill b p>tially accept$4 ,ev5 z an ideal1 x is n univ]sally admir$1 be+ consid]$ ma9ly z a fem99e di/9ction4 ,?is is good pro( ( its gradual introduction1--fir/1 z solely female1 a dem& f ! man1 & !n prov+ its value z a racial virtue1 & ris+ sl[ly 9 g5]al e/eem1 until to-day !re is a v m>k$ movem5t t[>d a high] /&>d ( mascul9e *a/ity4 ,c\rage1 on ! o!r h&1 has be5 held almo/ :olly z a mascul9e virtue1 f ! same simple causes ( sociological developm5t2 to ?is day "o he>s o!rwise intellig5t & respectable wom5 own !mselves1 )\t ! slighte/ s5se ( %ame1 to be c[>ds4 ,a comp>ative /udy ( ! virtues w\ld reveal a mix$ & *angeful ?rong1 & always ?r\gh !m all ! und]ly+ =ce ( necessity1 :i* makes ?is or t quality a virtue 9 its "t4 ,we speak ( mak+ a virtue ( necessity4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 all virtues are made ( necessity4 ,a virtue1 !n1 9 ! human race is t quality :i* is held supremely b5eficial1 valuable1 necess>y1 at t "t4 ,& :at1 9 close analysis1 is ob$i5ce8 ,x is a n\n made f ! v]b to obey4 ,:at is x to obey8 ,x is to act "u ! impulse ( ano!r w1--to submit "o's behavi\r to outside direction4 ,x involves ! surr5d] ( bo? judgm5t & w4 ,is ?is capacity ( submission ( suffici5t value to ! human race to be call$ a virtue8 ,assur$ly x is--sometimes4 ,! mo/ famili> in/ance ( ! uses ( ob$i5ce is among soldi]s & sailors1 always promptly adduc$ by ! /an* uphold]s ( ?is quality4 ,!y d n speak ( x z p>ticul>ly desirable among f>m]s or m]*ants or arti/s1 b cl+ to ! battlefield or ! deck1 z suffici5t illu/rations4 ,we may note1 also1 t1 :5 our elaborate ef=ts are made to inculcate its value to "y *ildr51 we always introduce a railroad accid5t1 runaway1 fire1 burgl>1 or o!r elem5t ( dang]2 &1 equally1 9 ! /ories ( "y animals design$ = ! same purpose1 ! disob$i5t little bea/ is always expos$ to dire p]il1 & ! ob$i5t sav$4 ,all ?is cle>ly indicates ! real basis ( our respect = ob$i5ce4 ,its fir/ & greate/ use is ?is3 :]e conc]t$ action is necess>y1 9 su* in/ant p]=mance t x w\ld be impossible to transmit ! impulse ?r\gh a numb] ( v>y+ intellig5ces4 ,t is :y ! soldi] & sailor h to obey4 ,milit>y & nautical action is ess5tially collective1 ess5tially in/ant1 & too intricate = t easy und]/&+ :i* w\ld all[ ( swift common action on individual initiative4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 ob$i5ce is1 inde$1 a virtue1 & disob$i5ce ! unp>donable s94 ,aga91 ) ! animals1 we h a case :]e x is ess5tial t ! "y %\ld act in/antly "u /imuli p]ceptible to ! "m & n to ! "y4 ,no explanation is possible4 ,!re is n spee* = x1 ev5 if !re 7 "t4 ,a sudd5 sil5t dang] ne$s a sudd5 sil5t escape4 ,"u ?is pressure ( condition has be5 evolv$ a degree ( ob$i5ce absolutely in/9ctive & automatic1 z s beautifully %[n 9 ,mr4 ,?ompson's /ory ( ! little p>tridges flatt5+ !mselves into effacem5t on _! "m's w>n+ signal4 ,) deadly p]il at h&1 ) no bra9 to give or to receive explanation1 ) no "t to d m ?an squeak an in>ticulate comm&1 !re is inde$ ne$ = ob$i5ce2 & ob$i5ce is =?com+4 ,b is ?is s ess5tial quality 9 re>+ "y animals z ess5tial 9 human education8 ,s f> 9 human hi/ory1 our absolute desid]atum 9 *ild-tra9+ is t ! *ild %all obey4 ,! *ild :o m9ds promptly & unque/ion+ly is ! ideal3 ! *ild :o refuses to m9d1 :o1 p]haps1 ev5 says1 ,i won't1 is ! example ( all evil4 ,p>5tal success is judg$ by ability to make ! *ildr5 m9d3 to be )\t t is failure4 ,all ?is has no ref]5ce :atev] to ! k9d ( behavi\r requir$4 ,! virtue 9 ! *ild is simply to d :at x is told1 9 any extreme ( folly or ev5 dang]4 ,witness ! immortal fame ( ,casabianca4 ,be+ told to /ay1 ?is sublime infant /ay$1 ?\gh e in/9ct & reason 0 aga9/ x1 & he 0 bl[n up unfl9*+ 9 pursuance ( duty4 ,! effect ( m9d+ on ! m9d is "h %[n 9 extreme in/ance4 ,"u ! pressure ( ! impos$ w & judgm5t ( 8 fa!r1 ! *ild re/ra9$ 8 own w & judgm5t1 & suff]$ ! consequ5ces4 ,! moral to be drawn is a v circuit\s "o4 ,al?\gh ob$i5ce 0 palpably injuri\s 9 ?is case1 x is held t su* p]fect surr5d] w\ld 9 mo/ cases be highly b5eficial4 ,t o!r popul> in/ance1 beg9n+ ,old ',ironsides' at an*or lay ,9 ! h>bor ( ,mahon4 is m practical4 ,! judici\s fa!r ord]s ! p]il\sly pois$ son to ,jump6 ,jump1 boy1 f> into ! deep6 & he jumps1 & is haul$ out by ! sailors4 ,z usual1 we see t ! reason :y ob$i5ce is s necess>y is because ( imm95t dang]1 :i* only ob$i5ce c escape4 ,) ?is = a practical backgr\nd1 & ) ! add$ proviso t1 unless ob$i5ce is dem&$ & secur$ :5 !re is no dang]1 x w n be =?com+ :5 !re is1 ! *ild is tra9$ to obey f ! fir/4 ,no matt] h[ caprici\s & unnecess>y ! comm&1 he mu/ m9d1 or be puni%$ = n m9d+4 ,we may fall %ort ( success 9 our ef=ts2 b ?is is our ideal1--t a *ild %all d :at he is told on ! in/ant1 & ?us fulfil 8 :ole scale ( virtue z well z meet all ! advantages ( safety4 ,our int5se rev]5ce = ! virtue ( ob$i5ce is easily traceable4 ,9 ! fir/ place !re is ! deep-seat$ animal in/9ct1 f> outdat+ human hi/ory4 ,= unc\nt$ ages our brute "m ance/ors _h re>$ _! brute "y 9 automatic ob$i5ce1--an ob$i5ce br$ 9 ! bone by ^? :o obey$ & liv$1 any defici5cy 9 :i* 0 /eadily expurgat$ by ! cutt+ (f ( ! hapless y\ng/] :o disobey$4 ,?is _h1 ( c\rse1 a reflex action on ! "m4 ,:5 "o's n]ve-impulse f9ds expression ?r\gh ano!r body1 t expression gives ! same s5se ( relief & pleasure z a p]sonal expression4 ,:5 "o wills ano!r to d some?+ :i* ! o!r promptly does1 x gives "o an ev5 l>g] satisfaction ?an do+ :at "o wills "o's self4 ,t is ! pleasure we h 9 a good dog1--our w fl[s ?r\gh 8 organism un9t]rupt$4 ,x is a tempor>y ext5sion ( self 9 activity t does n we>y4 ,?is is "o initial reason = ! p>5tal pleasure 9 ob$i5ce & displeasure 9 disob$i5ce4 ,:5 ! p>5t emits an impulse call+ = expression ?r\gh ! *ild1 & ! *ild refuses to express x1 !re is a di/9ct s5se ( di/ress 9 ! p>5t1 q ap>t f any ult]ior advantage to ei!r p>ty 9 ! desir$ act4 ,almo/ any "m c recall ?is balk$ feel+1 l ! annoyance ( an arre/$ sneeze4 ,to ?is in/9ct our gradually enl>g+ humanness has add$ ! bread? ( wid] p]ceptions & ! weight ( gr[+ ideas ( au?ority1 ) ! trem5d\s dep? ( tradition & habit4 ,e>ly races liv$ 9 con/ant dang]1 milit>y s]vice 0 univ]sal1 despotism ! common gov]nm5t1 & slav]y ! g5]al condition4 ,! rul+ despot exact$ ob$i5ce f all2 & x 0 by ea* grade exact$ remorselessly f its inf]iors4 ,no ov]se] s cruel z ! slave4 ,:]e m5 7 slaves to despotic sov]eigns1 _! wom5 7 slaves to !m2 & ! wom5 tyrannis$ 9 turn ov] _! slaves1 if !y _h any4 ,b "u e "o else 7 always ! *ildr51 def5celess absolutely1 inf]ior physically & m5tally4 ,naturally1 !y 7 expect$ to obey4 ,z we built out ( our cl\d$ bra9s dim & s9i/] gods1 we pr$icat$ ( !m ! habits s prom95t 9 our e>?ly rul]s3 ! "o ?+ ! gods w\ld h 0 ob$i5ce1 :i*1 !re=e1 grew to h fir/ place 9 our primitive religion4 ,! e>ly ,hebrew traditions ( ,god1 ) :i* we are all s famili>1 picture him z 9 a cont9u\s /ate ( annoyance because 8 *ildr5 w\ld n m9d4 ,9 ! c5turies ( dom9ance ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ob$i5ce became additionally exalt$4 ,! p[] & success ( t magnific5t organisation dep5d$ s absolutely on ?is *>act]i/ic t x 0 giv5 high place 9 ! v[s ( religi\s societies1--highe/ ( all by ! ,jesuits1 :o c>ri$ x to its logical extreme1 ! subord9ate be+ requir$ to become z w-less z a corpse1 actuat$ solely by ! comm&s ( 8 sup]ior4 ,ev5 milit>ism (f]s no bett] in/ance ( ! value & p[] ( ob$i5ce ?an does ! ,*ur*4 ,x n[ becomes cle> :y we s naturally v5]ate ?is quality3 fir/1 ! deep brute in/9ct2 second1 ! ye>s ( hi/oric necessity & habit2 ?ird1 ! trem5d\s sanction ( religion4 ,x is only a few c5turies s9ce ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation broke ! p[] ( *ur* dom9ance & successfully e/abli%$ ! rebellion ( free ?\ght4 ,x is less ?an t s9ce ! ,am]ican ,revolution & ! ,fr5* ,revolution aga9 triumphantly disobey$1 & e/abli%$ ! lib]ty ( ! individual 9 matt]s temporal4 ,s9ce !n ! delight$ bra9 has spread & /r5g!n$1 ?9k+ = itself & do+ :at x ?\ght2 & we h se5 "s =eta/e ( :at a full democracy w ultimately br+ to u4 ,b ?is gr[? ( individual fre$om has b j begun to p5etrate t /ronghold ( all habit & tradition1 ! ,home4 ,m5 might be free1 b wom5 mu/ /ill obey4 ,wom5 are beg9n+ to be free1 b /ill ! *ild rema9s1--! "u-dog always2 & he1 at lea/1 mu/ obey4 ,on ?is we are /ill practically at "o1--,ca?olic & ,prote/ant1 soldi] & f>m]1 subject & citiz54 ,let u untangle ! real necessity f ?is va/ mass ( ho>y tradition1 & see if ob$i5ce is really ! be/ ?+ to tea* a *ild1--if by ob$i5ce is ! be/ way to tea* a *ild4 ,& let c>eful provision "h be made = a s5seless inf]5ce con/antly made :5 ?is "q is rais$4 ,d>e to criticise a sy/em ( tra9+ bas$ on ob$i5ce1 & y are in/antly assum$ to be advocat+ no sy/em at all1 no tra9+1 m]ely lett+ ! *ild run wild & h 8 own way4 ,?is is a mo/ unfair assumption4 ,^? :o "k no o!r way ( modify+ a *ild's behavi\r ?an ?r\gh mak+ him m9d suppose t1 if he 7 n made to m9d1 he mu/ be utt]ly neglect$4 ,*ild-tra9+ to _! m9ds is to be accompli%$ only ?r\gh *ild-ord]+2 & _m ?9k ! tra9+ q accompli%$ if only ! subject is a model ( ob$i5ce4 ,o!rs1 a little m op5-m9d$1 & :o h p]haps read some?+ on ! subject1 assume t1 if y d n dem& ob$i5ce ( ! *ild1 x means t y mu/ expla9 ev]y?+ to him1 reason ) him f de$ to de$2 & ?is !y we>ily & rightly decl>e to be impossible4 ,b nei!r ( ^! assumptions is correct4 ,"o may "q ! efficacy ( ! ,salisbury me?od )\t be+ !reby pl$g$ to veget>ianism4 ,"o may criticise our s*ool sy/em1 yet n mean t *ildr5 %\ld h no education4 ,! re>+ ( *ildr5 is ! mo/ important "w1 & x is "h cont5d$ t1 9 ?is great educational process1 ob$i5ce1 z a ma9 factor1 has a bad effect on ! gr[+ m9d4 ,a *ild is a human creature4 ,he %\ld be re>$ ) a view to 8 developm5t & behavi\r z an adult1 n solely ) a view to 8 behavi\r z a *ild4 ,he is tempor>ily a *ild1 f> m p]man5tly a man2 & x is ! man we are tra9+4 ,! "w ( p>5?ood is n only to gu>d & n\ri% ! "y1 b to develope ! qualities ne$$ 9 ! mature4 ,ob$i5ce is def5d$1 fir/1 z be+ necess>y to ! protection ( ! *ild1 &1 second1 z develop+ desirable qualities 9 ! adult4 ,b ! *ild c be f> bett] protect$ by remov+ all dang]1 :i* our pres5t civilisation is q compet5t to d2 & ! habit ( ob$i5ce developes v undesirable qualities4 ,on :at *>act]i/ics does our human pre-em95ce re/8 ,on our bread? & accuracy ( judgm5t & =ce ( w4 ,because we c see widely & judge wisely1 because we h p[] to d :at we see to be "r1 !re=e we are ! dom9ant species 9 ! animal k+dom2 !re=e we are consci\sly ! *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,^! qualities are lodg$ 9 individuals1 & mu/ be ex]cis$ by individuals = ! be/ human progress4 ,if our me?od ( advance 7 t "o p]son alone %\ld be wise & /rong1 & all o!r p]sons prosp]\s ?r\gh a /rict subs]vi5ce to 8 comm&s1 !n1 inde$1 we c\ld d no bett] = our *ildr5 ?an to tra9 !m to obey4 ,judgm5t w\ld be ( no use to !m if !y _h to take ano!r's3 w-p[] w\ld be valueless if !y 7 nev] to ex]cise x4 ,b ?is is by no means ! condition ( human life4 ,m & m is x be+ recognis$ t progress lies 9 a well-develop$ av]age intellig5ce r ?an 9 a wise despot & 8 /upid s]fs4 ,= e individual to h a good judgm5t & a /rong w is f> bett] = ! community ?an = a few to h ^! qualities & ! re/ to foll[ !m4 ,! habit ( ob$i5ce1 =c$ 9 ^u ! impressible nature ( a *ild1 does n develope judgm5t & w1 b does develope t fatal facility 9 foll[+ o!r p's judgm5t & o!r p's wills :i* t5ds to make u a helpless mob1 m]e %eep1 in/ead ( wise1 free1 /rong individuals4 ,! habit ( submission to au?ority1 ! long1 deeply impress$ conviction t to be good is to give up1 t !re is virtue 9 ! act ( surr5d]1--?is is "o ( ! s\rces f :i* we cont9ually repl5i% human weakness1 & fill ! _w ) an in]t mass ( m9d-less1 w-less folk1 pu%$ & pull$ ab\t by ^? :om !y obey4 ,moreov]1 !re is ! opposite effect1--! injuri\s reaction f ob$i5ce1--almo/ z common & hurtful z its full a*ievem5t2 namely1 t fi]ce rebelli\s desire to d exactly ! opposite ( :at "o is told1 :i* is no ne>] to calm judgm5t ?an ! o!r4 ,9 obey+ ano!r w or 9 resi/+ ano!r w1 no?+ is ga9$ 9 wisdom4 ,a human creature is a self-gov]n+ intellig5ce1 & ! ri* ye>s ( *ildhood %\ld be pass$ 9 ! gu>d$ & gradual ex]cise ( ^? p[]s4 ,n[ ?is w1 no d\bt1 call up to ! m9ds ( _m a picture ( a selfi%1 dom9e]+ y\ng/]1 /ormily pl\gh+ ?r\gh a numb] ( exp]im5tal adv5tures1 ) a gr\p ( sacrificial p>5ts & tea*]s pro/rate be=e him4 ,aga9 an unw>rant$ assumption4 ,consid]ation ( o!rs is "o ( ! fir/ laws ( life1 "o ( ! fir/ ?+s a *ild %\ld be taught2 b consid]ation ( o!rs is n id5tical ) ob$i5ce4 ,aga91 x w be imag9$ t ! *ild is to be left to labori\sly "w out = himself ! accumulat$ exp]im5ts ( humanity1 & depriv$ ( ! pr(its ( all previ\s exp]i5ce4 ,by no means4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is ! bus9ess ( ^? :o h ! c>e ( ! v "y to see to x t !y d b5efit by t previ\s exp]i5ce f> m fully ?an is n[ possible4 ,our sy/em ( ob$i5ce cuts ! *ild (f f precisely ?is advantage1 & leaves him long+ to d ! =bidd5 ?+s1 g5]ally do+ !m1 too1 :5 he gets away f 8 tutelage4 ,! behavi\r ( ! releas$ *ild1 9 its riot\s reaction aga9/ au?ority z su*1 z %[n gl>+ly 9 ! action ( ! av]age college /ud5t1 tells h[ mu* judgm5t & self-control h be5 develop+ beh9d ! ob$i5ce4 ,! bra9 gr[s by ex]cise4 ,! be/ "t to develope x is 9 y\?4 ,to obey does n develope ! bra91 b *ecks its gr[?4 ,x gives to ! w a peculi> suicidal p[] ( abort+ its own impulse1 n controll+ x1 b giv+ x up4 ,?is leaves a habit ( giv+ up :i* weak5s our p[] ( cont9u$ ef=t4 ,all ?is is n say+ t ob$i5ce is nev] useful 9 *ildhood4 ,!re are occasions :5 x is2 & on su* occasions1 ) a *ild o!rwise intellig5tly tra9$1 x w be =?com+4 ,we make a wide mi/ake 9 assum+ t1 unless a *ild is made to obey at e /ep1 x w nev] obey4 ,a gr[n p]son w obey "u %>p in/ant pressure4 ,if !re is a sudd5 dang]1 & y %riek at y\r fri5d1 ,get up--quick6 or hiss a t]rifi$1 ,%6 ,%6 ,be /ill6 y\r fri5d promptly obeys4 ,( c\rse1 if y _h be5 endeav\r+ to boss t fri5d ) a ?\s& po9tless caprices1 he might di/ru/ y 9 ! h\r ( p]il2 b if he knew y to be a reasonable p]son1 he w\ld respond promptly to a sudd5 comm&4 ,mu* m w a *ild s respond :]e he has full reason to respect ! judgm5t ( ! comm&]4 ,*ildr5 h ! automatic habit ( ob$i5ce by ! same animal inh]itance t gives ! "m ! habit ( comm&2 b we s abuse t faculty t x becomes lo/ 9 righte\s rebellion or cru%$ submission4 ,! animal "m nev] misuses h] preci\s au?ority4 ,%e does n cry1 ,wolf6 ,wolf6 ,we talk glibly ab\t ! be/ good ( ! *ild1 b !re are few *ildr5 :o are n cle>ly aw>e t !y are m9d+ = ! conv5i5ce ( ! gr[n-ups ! great] "p ( ! "t4 ,!re=e1 !y suspect self-int]e/ 9 ev5 ! necess>y comm&s1 & might v readily refuse to obey 9 ! h\r ( dang]4 ,x is a commonplace obs]vation t ! be/ *ildr5--i4e41 ! mo/ submissive & ob$i5t--d n make ! be/ m54 ,if !y are utt]ly subdu$1 too good to live1 !y swell ! ,sunday-s*ool li/ ( infant sa9ts1 die "y1 & g to heav53 :]eas ! rebelli\s & unruly boy (t5 makes ! be/ citiz54 ,! too ob$i5t *ild has le>n$ only to d :at he is told4 ,if n told1 he has no initiative2 &1 if told wrong1 he does wrong4 ,life to him is n a s]ies ( problems to be solv$1 b a m]e book ( ord]s2 &1 in/ead ( und]/&+ ! true imp]i\s =ce ( natural law1 :i* a wise man foll[s because he sees ! wisdom ( ! c\rse1 he takes e mu/ 9 life to be l a p]sonal comm&1--a ?+ probably unreasonable1 & to be evad$1 if possible4 ,! escap$ *ild1 long suppress$ "u ob$i5ce1 is 9 no mood = a *e]ful acceptance ( real laws1 b imag9es t !re is m fun 9 hav+ 8 own way4 ,! fooli% p>5t claims to be obey$ z a god2 & ! gr[n-up *ild seeks to evade ,god1 to treat ! laws ( ,nature z if %e1 too1 7 a fooli% p>5t4 ,suppose y are tea*+ a *ild ari?metic4 ,y tell him to put d[n su* & su* figures 9 su* a position4 ,he inquires1 ,:y8 ,y expla9 ! reason4 ,if y d n expla9 ! reason1 he does n und]/& ! problem4 ,y might cont9ue to give ord]s z to :at figures to set d[n & 9 :at places2 & ! *ild1 obey+1 c\ld be trott$ ?r\gh ! ari?metic 9 a mon?'s "t4 ,b ! ari?metic w\ld n h gone ?r\gh him4 ,he w\ld be no bett] v]s$ 9 ! sci5ce ( numb]s ?an a type-sett] is 9 ! le>n$ books he sets up4 ,we recognise ?is 9 ! tea*+ ( ari?metic1 & g to great l5g?s 9 inv5t+ te/ problems & arrang+ easy /ages by :i* ! *ild may gradually ma/] 8 task4 ,b we d n recognise x 9 tea*+ ! *ild life4 ,! small acts ( infancy are ! *ild's fir/ problems 9 liv+4 ,he naturally wi%es to und]/& !m4 ,he says1 ,:y8 ,to :i* we reply inanely1 ,because ,i tell y to6 ,t is no reason4 ,x is a =ce1 no d\bt1 a pressure1 to :i* ! *ild may be compell$ to yield4 ,b he is no wis] ?an he 0 be=e4 ,he has le>n$ no?+ except ! lesson we imag9e s valuable1--to obey4 ,at ! v be/1 he may rememb] always1 9 l case1 t mamma w\ld wi% me to d s1 & d x4 ,b1 :5 cases diff]1 he has no guide4 ,) ! be/ int5tions 9 life1 he c b ca/ ab\t 9 8 m9d to try to imag9e :at "s "o else might tell him to d if pres5t3 ! circum/ances !mselves mean no?+ to him4 ,docility1 subs]vi5ce1 a quick surr5d] ( purpose1 a wav]+1 untra9$1 easily %ak5 judgm5t1--^! are ! qualities develop$ by mu* ob$i5ce4 ,are !y ! qualities we wi% to develope 9 ,am]ican citiz5s8 ,,iii4 ,,two ,,& ,,two ,,toge!r4 ,if n tra9$ to ob$i5ce1 :at %all ! *ild be tra9$ to8 naturally dem&s ! outrag$ p>5t4 ,to inculcate t fir/ ( virtues has tak5 s mu* "t & ef=t t we h ov]look$ ! subsequ5t qualities :i* require our help1 & feel r at sea :5 ?is %eet an*or is tak5 f u4 ,b x is n s h>d a problem1 :5 hone/ly fac$4 ,a *ild has a body & a m9d to be n\ri%$1 %elt]$1 protect$1 all[$ to gr[1 & judici\sly tra9$4 ,we are "h consid]+ ! bra9 tra9+2 b t is safely comp>able to--is1 inde$1 "p (--! body tra9+1 = ! bra9 z mu* z ! lungs or liv] is an organ ( ! body4 ,9 tra9+ ! little body1 our ma9 l9e ( duty is to furni% prop] food1 to insure prop] re/1 & to all[ & enc\rage prop] ex]cise4 ,exactly ?is is want$ to promote "r bra9 gr[?4 ,we d n wi% to ov]/imulate ! bra91 to develope x at ! exp5se ( o!r organs2 b we d wi% to insure its full natural gr[? & to promote its natural activities by a wise selection ( ! highe/ qualities = pref]r$ use4 ,& we ne$ m k ( ! v>i\s bra9 functions ?an is commonly possess$ by ^? 9 *>ge ( "y *ildr54 ,! (fice ( ! bra9 we are "h consid]+ is to receive1 reta91 & collate impressions1 &1 9 reta9+ !m1 to hold _! orig9al =ce z f> z possible1 s t ! ultimate act1 com+ f a previ\s impression1 may h ! =ce ( ! orig9al impulse4 ,! human creature does n orig9ate n]v\s en]gy2 b he does secrete x1 s to speak1 f ! impact ( natural =ces4 ,he has a /orage batt]y ( p[] we call ! w4 ,by ?is high faculty we see a well-develop$ human be+ work+ /eadily = a desir$ object1 )\t any pres5t /imulus direct$ to t end1 ev5 9 opposition to prev5t /imulus t5d+ to oppose t end4 ,?is wid? ( p]ception1 l5g? ( ret5tion1 /orage ( =ce1 & p[] ( /eady1 self-det]m9$ action di/+ui% ! advanc$ human bra94 ,e>ly =ms ( life _h no bra9s to speak (4 ,!y receiv$ impressions & transmitt$ !m 9 expressions )\t *eck or discrim9ation4 ,) ! developm5t ( m complex organisms & _! m complex activities came ! accompany+ complexity ( bra91 :i* c\ld co-ord9ate ^? activities to ! be/ advantage4 ,action is ! ma9 l9e ( gr[?4 ,conditions press ^u all life1 b life is modifi$ ?r\gh its own action "u giv5 conditions4 ,& ! relative wisdom & success ( diff]5t acts dep5d on ! bra9 p[] ( ! organism4 ,! sup]iority ( races lies 9 bett] adaptation to condition4 ,9 human life1 9 ! long competition among nations1 classes1 & individuals1 sup]iority /ill lies 9 ! same developm5t4 ,p[] to receive & reta9 m wide1 deep1 & subtle impression2 p[] to m accurately & judici\sly collate ^! impressions2 p[] to act /eadily on ^! /or$ & select$ impulses r ?an on imm$iate impulses1--?is x is :i* m>ks our l9e ( advance4 ,! education ( ! *ild %\ld be su* z to develope ^! di/+ui%+ human faculties4 ,! univ]se1 speak+ l\dly1 lies ar\nd e creature4 ,little by little we le>n to he>1 to und]/&1 to act accord+ly4 ,& ?is we %\ld tea* ! *ild1 to recognise m accurately ! laws ab\t him & to act ^u !m4 ,a v little *ild does ?is 9 8 n>r[ range exactly z does ! adult 9 wid] fields4 ,he receives impressions1 su* z are all[$ to rea* him4 ,he /ores & collates ^? impressions ) increas+ vig\r & accuracy f day to day2 & he acts on ! sum ( ^? impressions ) gr[+ p[]4 ,naturally1 8 range ( impression is limit$1 8 p[] ( ret5tion is limit$1 8 ability to relate ! impression reta9$ is limit$2 & 8 action is at fir/ f> m op5 to imm$iate outside /imulus1 & less responsive to ! inn] w-=ce1 ?an t ( an adult4 ,t is ! condition ( *ildhood4 ,x is = u to g5tly1 delicately1 /eadily surr\nd ! *ild ) su* conditions z %all promote ?is ord]ly sequ5ce ( bra9 function r ?an to =cibly develope & reta9 8 m primitive me?ods4 ,be=e go+ fur!r1 let u look at ! av]age m5tal work+s ( ! human creature1 & see if x seems to u 9 smoo? runn+ ord]4 ,we h made enorm\s progress 9 bra9 developm5t1 & we manife/ wide diff]5ces 9 bra9 p[]4 ,b cle>ly disc]nible ?r\gh all ! progress & all ! diff]5ce is ?is l>ge fault 9 our m5tal ma*9]y1--a peculi> discrepancy betwe5 ! sum ( our k & ! sum ( our behavi\r4 ,man be+ consci\s & intellig5t1 x w\ld seem t to tea* him ! desirability ( a giv5 c\rse ( action w\ld be suffici5t4 ,t x is n suffici5t1 e "m1 e tea*]1 e prea*]1 e discov]]1 inv5tor1 re=m]1 kn[s full well4 ,in/ruction may be p\r$ 9 by ! ton3 x comes out 9 action by ! ounce4 ,y may tea* & prea* & pray = two ?\s& ye>s1 & v imp]fectly ,*ri/ianise a small portion ( ! human race4 ,y may exhort & comm& & reit]ate2 & yet ! s9n]1 :e!r infant or adult1 rema9s obdurate4 ,no wond] we imag9$ an active ,enemy /riv+ to oppose u1 s difficult 0 good behavi\r 9 spite ( all our ef=ts4 ,x has nev] occurr$ to u t we 7 pursu+ an entirely errone\s me?od4 ,we utt]$ l p>rots ! pregnant prov]b1 ,example is bett] ?an precept1 le>n+ no?+ by x4 ,:at does t simple say+ mean8 ,t "o le>ns bett] by obs]vation ?an by in/ruction1 especially :5 in/ruction is c\pl$ ) comm&4 ,?is be+ a cle>ly e/abli%$ fact1 :y h we n pr(it$ by x8 ,because our bra9s1 all ( our bra9s f ! beg9n+ ( "t1 h be5 blurr$ & bl9d$ & weak5$ by ! same mi/ake 9 infant education4 ,:at is ?is mi/ake8 ,:at is x we h done s pati5tly & fai?fully all ^! ye>s to e "o ( ! human race :i* has injur$ ! natural work+ ( ! bra98 ,?is3 we h sy/ematically *eck$ 9 our *ildr5 acts :i* 7 ! natural sequ5ce ( _! obs]vation & inf]5ce2 & en=c$ acts :i*1 to ! *ild's m9d1 _h no reason4 ,?us we h c>efully tra9$ a _w ( p to ! habit ( act+ )\t und]/&+1 & also ( und]/&+ )\t act+4 ,because we 7 unable ev5 to entirely subv]t natural bra9 processes1 because our *ildr5 mu/ ne$s d "s ?+s ( _! own motion & n 9 ob$i5ce to u1 !re=e "s p[] ( judgm5t & self-gov]nm5t has gr[n 9 humanity4 ,b because we h be5 s l>gely successful 9 our deal+s ) ! helpless little bra9 is !re s little p[] ( judgm5t & self-gov]nm5t among u4 ,obs]ve1 too1 t our mo/ intellig5t progress is made 9 ^? arts1 trades1 pr(essions1 sci5ces1 :]e9 little *ildr5 are n tra9$2 & t our mo/ palpable defici5cies are 9 ! morals1 mann]s1 & g5]al p]sonal relations ( life1 :]e9 little *ildr5 are tra9$4 ,! ?+s we are compell$ to d 9 ob$i5ce we make no progress 94 ,!y are ei!r obey$ or disobey$1 b are n und]/ood & improv$ ^u3 !y /& l ! cu/oms ( ,*9a4 ,! ?+s we le>n by und]/&+ & practis+ are op5 to fur!r k & gr[?4 ,a normal human act1 z di/+ui%$ f ! in/9ctive behavi\r ( l[] animals or f m]e excito-mot>y reaction1 involves always ^! ?ree /ages1--impression1 judgm5t1 expression4 ,^! are n sep>ate1 b are ord]ly /eps 9 ! great ma9 fact ( life1--action4 ,x is all a "p ( t transmission ( en]gy :i* appe>s to be ! bus9ess ( ! univ]se4 ,! sun's heat p\rs ^u ! e>?1 & passes ?r\gh :atev] sub/ance x /rikes1 com+ out trans=m$ v>i\sly1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! sub/ance4 ,man receives 8 complem5t ( en]gy1 l e o!r creature1--physical /imulus f food & fire1 psy*ical /imulus f its less kn[n s\rces2 & ^! impressions t5d to fl[ ?r\gh him into expression z naturally z1 ?\gh ) m complexity ?an1 9 o!r creatures4 ,! song ( ! skyl>k & ,%elley's ,skyl>k %[ ?is wide diff]5ce 9 ! am\nt & quality ( transmission1 yet are bo? expressions ( ! same impressions1 plus ^? wid] impressions to :i* ! poet's organism 0 op54 ,! di/9ctive p[] ( man is t ( connect$ action4 ,our imm5se capacity = receiv+ & reta9+ impressions gives u t _w-/ock ( /or$ in=mation & its arre/$ /imulus :i* we call k4 ,b wisdom1 ! high] ^w1 ref]s to our capacity = consid]+ :at we "k1--h&l+ & balanc+ ! in=mation 9 /ock1 & s act+ judici\sly f ! be/ impression or gr\p ( impressions1 in/ead ( indiscrim9ately f ! late/ or f any t happ5s to be upp]mo/4 ,?is p[]1 9 cases ( imm$iate dang]1 we call pres5ce ( m9d4 ,simil>ly1 :5 o!rwise intellig5t p]sons d visibly fooli% ?+s1 we call x abs5ce ( m9d4 ,! bra91 z an organ1 is pres5t 9 bo? cases2 b 9 ! =m] x is connect$ ) action1 9 ! latt] ! connection is brok54 ,! ^w ?\ghtless1 z appli$ to s l>ge a %>e ( our walk & conv]sation1 describes ?is same abs5ce ( ! m9d f ! place :]e x is want$4 ,9 tra9+ ! bra9 ( ! *ild1 fir/ importance lies 9 cultivat+ ?is connection betwe5 ! m9d & ! behavi\r4 ,z ) eye or h&1 we %\ld induce frequ5t repetition ( ! desir$ motions1 t ! habit ( "r action be =m$4 ,if ! *ild is /eadily enc\rag$ to act 9 ?is natural connection1 9 ord]ly sequ5ce ( feel+1 ?\ght1 & action1 he w\ld gr[ into con/ant pres5ce ( m9d 9 8 behavi\r4 ,habits "w 9 all directions2 & a habit ( ?\ghtful behavi\r is z easy to =m1 really easi]1 ?an a habit ( ob$i5ce1--easi]1 because x w\ld be ! natural function ( ! bra9 to gov]n behavi\r if we did n s labori\sly contradict x4 ,we h pref]r$ submission to intellig5ce1 & h got nei!r1--n intellig5ce because we h s viol5tly disc\rag$ x1 & n submission because ! heal?y upw>d =ces ( human bra9 gr[? w n submit4 ,^? races :]e ! *ildr5 are mo/ absolutely subs]vi5t1 z ) ! ,*9ese & ,h9du1 :]e p>5ts are fairly wor%ipp$ & bl9dly obey$1 are n races ( free & progressive ?\ght & heal?y activity4 ,! pot5tial attitude ( m9d involv$ 9 our me?od is %[n 9 t p]fect expression ( *ildi% fai?1--,x's s because mamma says s2 &1 if mamma says s1 'tis s if 'ta9't s4 ,t position makes x v easy = mamma z long z *ildi% fai? endures2 b h[ does x help ! man %e has re>$ 9 ?is idyllic falsehood8 ,! pa9ful tru? is t we h us$ *ildi% weaknesses to make our gov]nm5t easy = u1 in/ead ( cultivat+ ! p[]s t %all make life easy to !m4 ,a *ild's limitless cr$ulity is ! op5 door ( imposition1 & is ru?lessly tak5 advantage ( by "m & fa!r1 nurse & old] companion g5]ally4 ,z a feature 9 bra9-tra9+1 ?is1 ( c\rse1 works absolute h>m4 ,x prolongs ! infant weakness ( ! racial bra91 keeps u cr$ul\s & op5 to all impo/ure1 h9d]s our true gr[?4 ,:at we %\ld d is to help ! *ild to "q & f9d out1--tea* him to le>n1 n to believe4 ,he does le>n1 ( c\rse4 ,we _c %ut out ! work+s ( natural laws f him altoge!r4 ,gradually he discov]s t fire is hot & wat] wet1 t /one is h>d to fall on1 & t !re are p9s 9 pussy's toes4 ,8 bra9 is always be+ heal?ily act$ ^u by facts1 8 p[] ( discrim9ation he practises z be/ he may1 & 8 behavi\r foll[s inevitably4 ,giv5 su* a *ild1 ) su* & su* an inh]itance ( con/itution & t5d5cy1 submit him to c]ta9 impressions1 & he behaves accord+ly4 ,he has felt4 ,he has ?\ght4 ,he is ab\t to d4 ,"h comes 9 our univ]sal error4 ,we conc]n ourselves almo/ :olly ) :at ! *ild does1 & ignore :at he feels & ?9ks4 ,we *eck ! behavi\r :i* is ! logical result ( 8 feel+ & ?9k+1 & sub/itute ano!r & diff]5t behavi\r = 8 adoption4 ,n[ x is a direct insult to ! bra9 to try to make ! body d some?+ :i* ! bra9 does n au?orise4 ,x is a physical %ock3 x causes a sort ( m5tal nausea4 ,!re are _m subconsci\s activities :i* g on )\t our recognition2 b to call on ! body to consci\sly g ?r\gh c]ta9 motions1 undirect$ by previ\s m5tal processes1 is an affront to any heal?y bra94 ,x is %>ply di/a/eful to u1 because x is aga9/ ! natural work+ ( ! ma*9]y4 ,! vigor\s functional activity ( ! "y bra9 cries out aga9/ x2 & ! *ild says1 ,:y8 ,:y is an articulate s\nd to express ! grop+ ( ! bra9 = relation1 = consi/5cy4 ,we h s br[-beat5 & controv]t$ ?is natural t5d5cy1 s =c$ "y gr[+ bra9s to accept ! inconsi/5t1 t consi/5cy has become s r>e 9 human conduct z to be call$ a jewel4 ,yet ! desire = consi/5cy is "o ( ! mo/ inh]5t & ess5tial ( our m5tal appetites4 ,x is ! logical t5d5cy1 ! p[] to put two & two toge!r1 ! "o great =ce t holds our acts 9 sequ5ce & makes human society possible4 ,we dem& consi/5cy 9 o!rs1 & sc(f at ! lack ( x1 ev5 9 e>ly y\?4 ,:at y] talk9' ab\t1 anyway8 we cry4 ,!re's no s5se 9 t6 ,we expect consi/5cy ( ourselves1 too4 ,x is funny1 ?\gh pa9ful1 to see ! ord9>y w>p$ bra9 try+ to squ>e its own conduct ) its own ideals4 ,squ>e !y mu/1 someh[1 h[ev] /ra9$ & ?9 is our pat*work connection4 ,we *eck ! *ild's act1 ! natural sequ5ce ( 8 feel+ & ?\ght1 s incessantly z to give pl5ty ( basis = t pa!tic tale ( ! little girl :o said h] "n 0 ,m>y4 ,& :at is y\r la/ "n8 ,don't1 said %e4 ,m>y ,don't4 ,by do+ ?is1 we con/antly s5d back ^u ! bra9 its own impulses1 & accu/om x to su* cont9ual disc\ragem5t ( natural initiative t x gradually ceases to gov]n ! individual behavi\r4 ,9 highe/ success1 ?is produces ! heavy *ild1 :9+1 ,:at %all ,i d n[8 always hang+ ab\t1 fit subject = any o!r w to "w on2 & ! heavy adult1 victim ( ennui1 & ne$+ con/ant outside /imulus to pass away ! "t4 ,! sl[ness1 ! in]tia1 ! opaque cons]vatism1 & ! op5ness to any sort ( ext]nal pressure1 easie/1 ( c\rse1 on ! d[n side1--:i* s blocks ! pa? ( humanity1--l>gely come back to t poor *ild's surname1 ,m>y ,don't4 ,x is ?or\ghly beat5 into u :5 "y1 & = ! re/ ( life we mo/ly ,don't4 ,b beyond ! p>alys+ ,don't6 *eck+ ! natural movem5t ( ! organism1 comes a galvanis+ ,d6 %ock+ x into unnatural activity4 ,we tell ! *ild to p]=m a c]ta9 action t[>d :i* 8 own feel+ & ?\ght h made no /ir :atev]4 ,:y8 he dem&s4 ,& we /ate z reason our au?ority1 & add an imm$iate heav5 or hell arrangem5t ( our own mak+ to facilitate 8 p]=mance4 ,he does x4 ,hell is v ne>4 ,he does x _m1 _m times4 ,he becomes habituat$ to a c\rse ( behavi\r :i* comes to its expression n ?r\gh 8 own previ\s impression & judgm5t1 b ?r\gh ours2 t is1 he is act+ f ano!r p]son's feel+ & ?9k+4 ,we h ass]t$ our au?ority j be=e 8 act1 betwe5 x & 8 ?\ght4 ,we h made a cleft :i* wid5s to a *asm betwe5 :at he feels & ?9ks & :at he does4 ,into t *asm p\rs to wa/e an immeasurable am\nt ( human en]gy4 ,! /ruggles ( ! de?ron$ m9d to get possession ( its own body aga91 z ! "y man or woman gr[s to p]sonal fre$om1 ought to /rike remorse & %ame to ! p>5tal he>t4 ,!y d n1 because ! devot$ p>5t kn[s no m ( ^! simple psy*ic processes ?an ! ,go?s knew ( ! priceless manuscripts !y de/roy$ s *e]fully4 ,) ! sl[1 late k9dl+ ( ! fre$ m9d1 "u ! /imulus p]haps ( noble ?\ghts f o!rs1 or j ! inn] =ce ( human upgr[?1 ! y\? tries to take ! rudd]1 & /e] /raight4 ,b ! rudd] *a9s are /ret*$ to useless slackness or ru/$ & brok54 ,he feels nobly4 ,he ?9ks nobly4 ,he />ts to d nobly1 b 8 inn] pressure meets no quick response 9 out] act4 ,! connection is brok54 ,! habit ( don't is /rong ^u him4 ,foll[+ ea* upw>d impulse :i* says1 ,d6 is t automatic *eck1 artificial1 b heavily driv5 91 :i* has s ?or\ghly & effectually taught ! bra9 to /op at ?9k+1 n to d :at x ?\ght4 ,:at he felt & ?\ght 0 n all[$ to gov]n 8 action ^! fifte5 ye>s pa/4 ,:y %\ld x n[8 ,x takes ye>s ( consci5ti\s "w to re-e/abli% ?is orig9al l9e ( smoo? connection1 & ! m5d$ place is nev] s /rong z x w\ld h be5 if x _h n be5 brok54 ,also1 ! "w ( ^? :o seek to educate our lat] y\?1 & ( ^? :o are =ev] p\r+ out _! lives to lead ! _w a little high]1 is r5d]$ million-fold m difficult by ?is same gulf1 ?is t]rible l9e ( cleavage :i* /rikes s deep to ! roots ( life1 & leaves our beautiful feel+s & wise ?\ghts to m\nt sky-high 9 magnific5t culture1 :ile our action1 :i* is life's real te/1 grovels sl[ly along1 sc>ce mov$ by all our f9e ideas4 ,a m g5]al disc\rag] ( our racial advancem5t ?an ?is me?od ( bra9-tra9+ we c\ld h>dly h inv5t$4 ,x is univ]sal 9 its application1 & gr9ds d[n /eadily on all our p dur+ ! mo/ impressionable ye>s ( life4 ,t we gr[ z we d 9 spite ( x is spl5did pro( ( ! b5efic5t =ces ( our unconsci\s life1 always /rong] ?an our consci\s ef=ts2 & t our ,am]ican *ildr5 gr[ m freely1 & s h m p[] ( initiative & self-gov]nm5t1 is ! be/ "w ( our democracy4 ,b :at else c we d8 w ask ! appall$ p>5ts4 ,)\t au?ority !y feel no grip ^u ! *ild1 & see !mselves expos$ to infant tyranny1 & ! infant gr[+ up neglect$ & untra9$4 ,?is %[s h[ little progress we h made 9 *ild-culture1 h[ little grasp we h ( ! real processes ( education4 ,any p>5t1 no matt] h[ ignorant1 is wis] ?an a baby & l>g]4 ,!re=e1 any p>5t c direct a *ild's action & en=ce x1 to "s ext5t4 ,b to und]/& h[ to modify ! *ild's action by su* processes z %all keep x /ill 8 own1 to alt] 8 act by fir/ alt]+ 8 feel+ & ?\ght & s keep+ ! heal?y sequ5ce unbrok51 t is a f> m subtle & difficult task4 ,a typical in/ance ( ?is diff]5ce 9 me?od may be illu/rat$ 9 t common & always difficult task1 tea*+ a *ild table mann]s4 ,"h is a case 9 :i* !re is no in/9ct 9 ! *ild to be appeal$ to4 ,! noise1 clums9ess1 & c>elessness to :i* we object are n at all unpleasant to him4 ,9 :at way c we rea* ! *ild's range ( reason+1 & conv9ce him ( ! desirability ( ?is artificial code ( ours8 ,we c1 ( c\rse1 /ate t x displeases u1 & appeal to 8 good w n to give u pa94 ,?is is rational en\gh2 b consid]ation = o!rs1 bas$ on a m]e /atem5t ( di/a/e1--a di/a/e he _c sympa?ise )1--is a r weak =ce ) mo/ *ildr54 ,x is a pity to ov]-/ra9 ?is delicate feel+4 ,x %\ld be s(tly te/$ f "t to "t1 & us$ en\gh to enc\rage a heal?y gr[?2 b to cont9ually appeal to a sympa?y none too /rong is (t5 to /ra9 & weak5 x4 ,9 table mann]s x seldom works well4 ,! alleg$ di/ress ( ! p>5t requires too mu* imag9ation1 ! desir$ self-control has too slight a basis4 ,b !re is a f> saf] & bett] way4 ,c>efully "w out 9 y\r own m9d ! real reason :y y wi% ! *ild to con=m to ?is p>ticul> code ( table e?ics4 ,x is n :olly on ! gr\nd ( displeas+ y by ! imm$iate acts4 ,! ma9 reason :y !y displease y1 & :y y are s conc]n$ ab\t ! matt]1 is t ?is is ! accept$ /&>d among ! p ) :om y associate & ) :om y expect ! *ild to associate2 &1 if he does n con=m to ?is code1 he w be exclud$ f desirable society4 ,reasons :y table mann]s exi/ at all1 or are :at !y are1 require fur!r /udy2 b ! po9t at issue is n :y x is cu/om>y to eat ) ! =k in/ead ( ! knife1 b :y y\r *ild %\ld d s4 ,:5 he gets to ! po9t ( analys+ ^! details1 & asks :y he %\ld fold 8 napk9 9 "o case & leave x crumpl$ 9 ano!r1 y w ( c\rse be prep>$ ) ! real reasons4 ,mean:ile ! real reason :y ! *ild %\ld le>n n to d ^! undesirable ?+s is t su* mann]s1 if pursu$1 w deprive him ( desirable society4 ,we usually cont5t ourselves ) an oral /atem5t to ?is effect3 ,nobody w want to eat ) y if y d s6 ,"r "h let a ^w be said to ^? :o are afraid ( ov]-/imulat+ a *ild's bra9 by a m rational me?od ( tra9+4 ,tra9+ by obs]vation & d$uction is f> easi] to a "y bra9 ?an tra9+ by oral /atem5ts4 ,to take into ! m9d by e> a /atem5t ( fact1 & to hold t /atem5t 9 memory & pres]ve its =ce to *eck a natural action1 is a difficult feat = an adult4 ,b to see t su* a ?+ has su* a consequ5ce1 & take w>n+ by t1 is ! e>ly me?od1 ! natural me?od1 ! quicke/1 easie/1 sure/ way4 ,s1 in/ead ( say+ to ! *ild1 ,if y behave s1 p w n want to eat ) y1 we %\ld let him see t ?is is ! case1 & feel ! lack4 ,8 mo/ desirable society is usually t ( 8 p>5ts2 & 8 fir/ entrance ^u t plane %\ld be fairly condition$ ^u 8 le>n+ to play ! game z !y d4 ,no compulsion1 no p5alties1 no ?\ght ( naught9ess1 m]ely t1 if he wants to eat ) !m1 :y1 t is ! way !y eat1 & he mu/ d s1 too4 ,if he w n1 exit ! desirable society4 ,by v gradual /eps1--n by long1 tiresome gr[n-up meals1 b by a graduat$ s]ies ( ex]cises t %\ld recognise ! physical difficulty ( co-ord9at+ ! "y faculties on ?is elaborate manual ( arms1--a *ild c\ld le>n ! :ole p]=mance 9 a reasonable "t1 & lose nei!r n]v\s =ce nor cle>ness ( p]ception 9 ! process4 ,z we d ^! ?+s n[1 pull+ ?is /r+ & t1 appeal+ to feel+s half develop$1 urg+ reasons :i* f9d no recognition1 us+ compulsion :i* to ! *ild's m9d is arbitr>y & unju/1 we may sup]9duce a tol]able sy/em ( table mann]s1 b we h m or less injur$ ! in/rum5t 9 s do+4 ,a typewrit] c\ld1 p]haps1 be work$ ) a hamm]2 b x w\ld n improve ! ma*9e4 ,we h _h f> m consid]ation = ! ma*9]y ( ! h\sehold ?an = ! ma*9]y ( a *ild's m9d1 & yet ! real f\ndation claim ( ! home is t x is necess>y to re> *ildr5 94 ,if ! ord9>y conditions ( h\sehold life are unsuitable to convey ! in/ruction we desire1 x is = u to s arrange ^? conditions z to make !m suitable4 ,!re are cases1 _m cases1 9 a *ild-"t1 :]e we _c comm& ! conditions necess>y = ?is me?od ( in/ruction1 :]e ! *ild mu/ act f our sugge/ion ) no previ\s or accompany+ reason+4 ,?is makes x all ! m necess>y t su* reason+ %\ld be op5 to him :5 we c comm& x4 ,moreov]1 ! ord9>y ev5ts 9 a "y life are n surprises to ! p>5t4 ,we "k 9 advance ! ?+s t are s unexpect$ to ! *ild4 ,:y %\ld we n be at "s pa9s to prep>e him = ^! exp]i5ces8 ,! giv5 acts ( ea* day are n ! crucial po9ts we make ( !m4 ,:at is important is t ! *ild %all gradually e/abli% a rational & connect$ s*eme ( life & me?od ( action1 8 "y faculties improv+ z he uses !m1 life gr[+ easi] & pla9] to him f ye> to ye>4 ,x is = ! p>5t1 ! educator1 ! bra9-tra9]1 to /udy out details ( me?od & delicate applications4 ,! ma9 purpose is t ! *ild's conduct %all be 8 own1--8 own *os5 c\rse ( action1 adopt$ by him ?r\gh ! use ( 8 own faculties1 n =c$ ^u him by imm$iate ext]nal pressure4 ,x is our bus9ess to make pla9 to him ! desirability ( ! behavi\r we wi% produc$1 c>efully e/abli%+ f day to day 8 p]ceptions ( ! use & beauty ( life1 & 8 prov5 confid5ce 9 u z int]pret]s4 ,! "y bra9 %\ld be regul>ly practis$ 9 ! fir/ easy /eps ( sequ5tial reason+1 argu+ f ! int]e/+ causes we s c>efully provide to ! pleasant or n too pa9ful effects we s hone/ly let x feel1 always putt+ two & two toge!r z x advances 9 ! art & practice ( human conduct4 ,!n x w gr[ into a /rong1 cle>1 active1 mature bra91 capable ( relat+ ! facts ( life ) a wid] & ju/] vision ?an has be5 ours1 & act+ unfl9*+ly f its own be/ judgm5t1 z we h /riv5 to d 9 va9 ^! _m ye>s4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,burnt ,,*ild ,,dreads ,,! ,,slipp]4 ,! "q ( discipl9e is a s]i\s "o to e "y "m2 & mo/ mo!rs are "y to beg9 )4 ,%e feels ! weight ( mat]nal responsibility & ! necessity = br++ up h] *ild prop]ly1 b has /udi$ no?+ :atev] on ! subject4 ,:at me?ods ( discipl9e are 9 g5]al use 9 ! re>+ ( *ildr58 ,! olde/ & commone/ ( all is t ( meet+ an error 9 ! *ild's behavi\r ) physical pa94 ,we simply hurt ! *ild :5 he does wrong1 9 ord] t he may s le>n n to d wrong4 ,a me?od s common & s old z ?is ought to be cle>ly ju/ifi$ or z cle>ly condemn$ by its results4 ,h we succe$$ yet 9 simplify+ & mak+ easy ! tra9+ ( *ildr51--easy = ! tra9] & = ! tra9$2 & h we develop$ a race ( be+s ) pla91 /rong1 cle> p]ceptions ( "r & wrong behavi\r & an easy & accurate fulfilm5t ( ^? p]ceptions8 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t we h n2 b two claims w be made 9 excuse3 fir/1 t1 h[ev] unsuccessful1 ?is me?od ( discipl9e is bett] ?an any o!r2 &1 second1 t ! bad behavi\r ( humanity is due to our inh]5t depravity1 & _c be ameliorat$ mu* ev5 by physical puni%m5t4 ,"s may g fur!r1 & say t :atev] advance we h made is due to ?is p>ticul> sy/em4 ,un=tunately1 we h almo/ no exact data f :i* to compute ! value ( diff]5t me?ods ( *ild-tra9+4 ,9 horse-tra9+ some?+ def9ite is kn[n4 ,on "o ( ! great /ock ran*es ( ! ,we/1 = in/ance1 :]e "s ph5om5al rac]s h be5 br$1 ! tra9]s ( colts n only =bid any r\gh h&l+ ( ! s5sitive "y animals1 b ev5 r\gh speak+ to !m4 ,x has be5 prov5 t ! intellig5t & affectionate horse is tra9$ m easily & effectually by g5tl5ess ?an by sev]ity4 ,b ) horses ! me?ods us$ are op5 to inspection1 & also ! results4 ,) *ildr5 ea* family practises alone on its own "y ones1 & no record is kept beyond ! casual obs]vation & he>say reports ( ! neighb\rs4 ,yet1 ev5 s1 !re is a glimm] ( light4 ,! prov]bial unc]ta9ty z to m9i/]s' sons indicates a t5d5cy to reaction :5 a *ild has be5 too sev]ely re/ra9$2 & ! almo/ sure d[nfall ( ! mamma's d>l+1 ! too-mu*-mo!r$ & ov]-indulg$ boy1 %[s ! t5d5cy to fooli% excesses :5 a *ild has n be5 re/ra9$ en\gh4 ,aga91 our g5]al unc]ta9ty z to me?ods proves t ev5 ! curr5tly accept$ rod sy/em is n infallible4 ,if x 71 we %\ld h peace ( m9d & unc\nt$ g5]ations ( good citiz5s4 ,z x is1 we h ! mix$ & spotty _w we all "k s well1--a heavy p]c5tage ( ackn[l$g$ crim9als1 a mu* l>g] grade ( ^? :o j d n break ! law1 b ^: defections f hone/y1 c\rage1 tru?1 & hon\r weigh heavily ^u u all4 ,foll[+ t comes ! va/ mass ( good p1 & _! behavi\r is sometimes m try+ ?an t ( ! bad ones4 ,humanity does ga91 b n z fa/ z s intellig5t a race %\ld4 ,9 p5ology some?+ has be5 le>n$4 ,"h1 deal+ ) ! extreme crim9al1 we are sl[ly e/abli%+ ! facts t arbitr>y & sev]e puni%m5t does n proportionately decrease crime2 t crime has causes1 :i* may be remov$2 & t ! individual ne$s to be treat$ be=eh&1 prev5tively1 r ?an aft]w>d1 retributively4 ,?is w\ld seem to ?r[ "s light on infant p5ology4 ,if retributive puni%m5t does n proportionately decrease crime 9 adult crim9als1 p]haps x does n decrease naught9ess among little *ildr54 ,if !re is an arrangem5t ( conditions & a treatm5t :i* may prev5t ! crime1 p]haps !re may be an arrangem5t ( conditions & a treatm5t :i* w prev5t ! naught9ess4 ,"o po9t may be cle>ly e/abli%$1 to beg9 )2 & t is ! ne$ ( an op5 c\rt = our helpless little (f5d]s4 ,:atev] else we ?9k ( human nature1 we "k x to be fallible1 & t a private individual _c be expect$ to adm9i/] ju/ice 9 secret & alone4 ,suppose ,mr4 ,jones /eals a c[ f ,mr4 ,smi?1 is ,mr4 ,smi? capable ( be+ himself bo? judge & execution]8 ,does n ! v conception ( ju/ice involve a ?ird p>ty1 "s "o to hold ! scales1 to balance1 to decide8 ,&1 if circum/ances compel mu* p[] to be inve/$ 9 an individual = a season1 %\ld n t individual be previ\sly in/ruct$ f "s code ( law :i* _m h sanction$1 & aft]w>d be held responsible to public judgm5t8 ,a %ip capta91 = in/ance1 has absolute au?ority = a :ile2 b 8 au?ority re/s on law1 &1 if he breaks t law1 he is liable to puni%m5t4 ,moreov]1 if he goes too f> :ile 9 comm&1 he is liable to dang]\s mut9y z well4 ,b 9 dome/ic discipl9e ! *ild is absolutely 9 ! p[] ( ! p>5t4 ,!re is no appeal4 ,!re is no def5ce4 ,!re are no witnesses4 ,! *ild (f5ds aga9/ ! p>5t1 & ! (f5d$ "o is bo? judge & execution]4 ,a numb] ( *ildr5 may commit exactly ! same (f5ce1 z1 = in/ance1 if six boys all g swimm+ :5 =bidd52 yet !y are liable to six sev]al puni%m5ts at ! h&s ( _! six sev]al mo!rs or fa!rs1--puni%m5ts be>+ relation to ! views1 heal?1 & temp] ( ! p>5t at ! "t r ?an to ! nature ( ! misde$4 ,! only glimm] ( protection :i* ! *ild gets f an enlight5$ community is 9 ! ,society = ! ,prev5tion ( ,cruelty to ,*ildr51--a small1 feeble body1 act+ 9 few localities1 & int]v5+ only to save ! *ild f ! p>5t :5 gross physical cruelty is practis$4 ,t 9 _m cases p>5ts are ev5 viol5tly cruel to little *ildr5 gives reason to believe t _m o!rs are a little cruel2 & t /ill m1 :ile n cruel1 are unwise4 ,!re is no society = ! prev5tion ( ov]-indulg5ce to *ildr51 = in/ance2 yet ?is is a frequ5t injury to our "y p4 ,:atev] ! views ( ! sep>ate p>5ts1 & :atev] _! /&>d ( ju/ice1 a great improvem5t w\ld be made if !re 7 "s publicity & community ( action 9 _! me?ods4 ,a hundr$ m5 toge!r c decide ^u & c>ry out a high] c\rse ( action ?an !y c\ld be tru/$ to foll[ sev]ally4 ,our beautiful gr[? 9 ju/ice & equity 7= gr[n p7 has always requir$ ?is op5ness & union4 ,_m a "m1 tir$ & cross ) h] h\sework1 does ?+s to h] *ild :i* %e w\ld be a%am$ to retail to a cool & unprejudic$ circle ( fri5ds4 ,& _m ano!r "m consi/5tly & consci5ti\sly inflicts puni%m5ts :i* %e w\ld le>n to be a%am$ ( if %e he>d !m discuss$ by h] respect$ associates ) a cons5sus ( disapproval4 ,9 ! ord9>y contact ( neighb\rly life1 "s little developm5t ( ?is sort goes on3 a few sporadic ,mo!rs' ,clubs lead to m conc]t$ discussions2 & to-day ! ,mo!rs' ,congress1 lately become ! ,p>5ts' ,congress1 & o!r bodies1 toge!r ) a gr[+ field ( lit]ature on ! subject1 is lead+ to f> wid] & deep] ?\ght1 & "s exp]im5t4 ,b ! field is z wide z ! _w1 & v little is yet accompli%$4 ,we h swung wide f ! /]n sev]ity ( e>li] times1 s t ,am]ican *ildr5 are notori\sly indulg$2 b m]ely to leave (f a wrong me?od1 )\t introduc+ a bett] "o1 is n all t c be hop$4 ,! discipl9e ( life lies be=e u all4 ,! m c>efully & wisely we tea* & tra9 our *ildr51 ! less !y & o!rs ne$ suff] aft]w>d4 ,b !re does seem to be "s grave defici5cy 9 our me?od ( dome/ic discipl9e4 ,"h is little ,alb]t be+ educat$4 ,he is n go+ to s*ool yet4 ,he is n old en\gh4 ,t is1 he is n old en\gh to be taught any?+ sy/ematically by p]sons ^: bus9ess x is to tea*2 b he is old en\gh to be le>n+ ! a1 b1 c ( life at ! h&s ( ^? ) :om he *ances to be4 ,a *ild le>ns e day4 ,t _c be help$4 ,:at he le>ns1 & h[1 we c l>gely dictate2 b we _c keep 8 bra9 %ut until he gets to s*ool1 & !n op5 x = ?ree or f\r h\rs a day only4 ,:at does little ,alb]t le>n8 ,put y\rself 9 8 place = a little :ile4 ,"h are new s5sations com+ to him mom5tly1 ?r\gh ! eag] n]ves ( s5se4 ,"h is a new bra91 fre% to receive impressions1 /ore !m1 & act ^u !m4 ,! pleasure ( p]ceiv+ is ke51 ! pleasure ( 8 limit$ b gr[+ reflection is ke51 & ! pleasure ( action is be/ ( all4 ,life is full ( int]e/4 ,all ! innum]able facts :i* =m our smoo? backgr\nd ( behavi\r1 9 ! k ( :i* we avoid ! wat] & ! fire & g d[n hill circumspectly1 are to him fre% discov]ies & revelations4 ,he has to prove !m & put !m toge!r1 & see h[ !y "w4 ,! feel+s ) :i* we h le>n$ to associate c]ta9 facts & actions d n exi/ to him4 ,he kn[s no?+ ( %\ld or %\ld n1 except z he le>ns x by p]sonal trial or ?r\gh ! reaction ( o!r p]sons ^u him4 ,?is op5 /ate ( m9d we e>ly de/roy by labell+ c]ta9 acts z good & o!rs z bad2 &1 s9ce we d n see our way to exhibit+ ! goodness or badness to ! baby bra9 9 natural col\rs1 we pa9t !m 9 %>p black & :ite1 ) no %ad+4 ,he has to ga!r 8 s5se ( relatively good & bad f ! degree ( our praise & puni%m5t2 & /range1 inde$1 are 8 impressions4 ,! lov+ & cuddl+ :i* delight 8 baby s\l are associat$ ) s _m diff]5t acts1 & 9 su* v>y+ proportion1 t he does n cle>ly ga!r :e!r x is m virtu\s to kiss mamma or to pull gr&pa's :isk]s2 & x takes him "s "t to le>n :i* dress he mu/ n hug4 ,b1 if ! good ?+s confuse him1 ! bad ones are f> m complex & unc]ta94 ,little ,alb]t is1 we w say1 inve/igat+ 8 "m's "w-basket4 ,a tall object /&s be=e him4 ,he j bump$ 8 head aga9/ x1 & x wiggl$4 ,he felt x wiggle4 ,he rea*es =? an inquir+ h&1 & f9ds graspable wick] legs )9 rea*4 ,to grasp & to pull are natural to ! human h& & arm4 ,to %ake 0 e>ly taught him4 ,?+s 7 put 9 8 h&s1 ! %ak+ ( :i* produc$ an agreeable noise & admiration f ! belov$ ones4 ,s he %akes ?is new object2 &1 to 8 delight1 some?+ rattles4 ,he puts =? 8 /r5g?1 &1 lo6 ! tall1 %akable object falls pro/rate be=e him1 & scatt]s into a sprawl+ %[] ( little ?+s t cl9k & roll4 ,excell5t6 ,lovely6 ,h n p]sons built up tall creations ( v>i-color$ blocks1 & taught baby to knock !m d[n & rejoice 9 _! scatt]+6 ,b mamma1 to :om ?is gr\p ( surfaces1 textures1 col\rs1 movem5ts1 & s\nds1 means mu* besides infantile in/ruction1 ass]ts t he is naughty1 & treats him ) sev]ity4 ,if y d t aga91 says irate mamma1 ,i'll :ip y6 ,if ,alb]t has n already be5 :ipp$1 ! new ^w means no?+4 ,h[ is an un:ipp$ *ild to "k :at :ipp+ means8 ,%e might save h] brea?4 ,! lesson is n taught by words4 ,b if %e promptly :ips him1 & does s inevitably :5 he repeats ! (f5ce1 he does le>n a def9ite lesson2 namely1 t ! act ( pull+ ov] a "w-basket results 9 a species ( physical pa91 via mamma4 ,!n ! unprejudic$ "y bra9 makes its d$uction1--,! pull+ ov] ( ?+s causes physical pa91 nam$ :ipp+4 ,?is mu* be+ e/abli%$1 he acts on ! in=mation4 ,pres5tly he le>ns1 ) "s little confusion1 t go+ out ( ! gate )\t leave is also productive ( :ipp+1--dissimil> acts1 b ! same result1--& lays ?is up ) ! o!r1--,pull+ ov] ?+s & go+ out ( gates are two causes ) ! same result1--:ipp+4 ,!n comes ano!r case4 ,he beg9s to inve/igate t endless wond] & attraction1 ! fire4 ,if ev] cause & effect 7 neatly & =cibly relat$1 x is 9 ?is useful & dang]\s elem5t4 ,s simple & sure is its in/ructive & det]r5t action t we h built a prov]b on x1--,! burnt *ild dreads ! fire4 ,b ! "m ( ,alb]t has a bett] plan ?an "m ,nature4 ,%e int]poses ) h] usual arbitr>y consequ5ce1--,if y play ) fire1 ,i w :ip y1 & ,alb]t le>ns anew t ?is ?ird cause /ill produces ! same unpleasant result2 & he makes 8 record1--,pull+ ?+s ov]1 go+ out ( gates1 play+ ) fire1 result 9 :ipp+4 ,& he acts accord+ly4 ,!n "o day he makes a new & />tl+ discov]y4 ,l$ by "s special temptation1 he slips out ( ! gate & safely back aga91 unse5 ( any4 ,no :ipp+ foll[s4 ,!n 8 a/oni%$ b accurate bra9 ha/ily revises ! previ\s in=mation1 & adds a gl>+ new clause1--,x is n j go+ out ( gates t makes a :ipp+ come3 x is be+ se56 ,?is is cov]tly tri$ on ! o!r de$s ) ! same result4 ,aha6 ,aha6 clicks ! little record+ ma*9e inside4 ,n[ ,i "k6 ,:ipp+ does n come f ^? ?+s3 x comes f mamma2 &1 if %e doesn't see me1 x doesn't come6 ,:ipp+ is ! result ( be+ se56 ,( c\rse1 a little *ild does n actually say ?is to himself 9 s _m words2 b he does get ?is impression v cle>ly1 z may be se5 f 8 ensu+ behavi\r4 ,! pr9ciple 9 "q1 9 consid]+ ?is usual me?od ( discipl9e1 is :e!r x is bett] to associate a *ild's idea ( consequ5ces ) ! act itself or ) an individual1 & condition$ ^u ! *ance ( discov]y4 ,our g5]al habit is to make ! result ( ! *ild's de$ cont+5t ^u ! p>5tal k & displeasure r ?an ^u ! de$ itself4 ,z 9 ?is hackney$ in/ance ( ! fire1 in/ead ( tea*+ ! *ild by mild & cauti\s exp]im5t t fire burns1 we tea* him t fire :ips4 ,! baby :o is taught n to play ) fire by ! application ( a re>w>d slipp] does n und]/& ! nature ( ! glitt]+ attraction any bett] ?an be=e2 &1 z soon z he le>ns t :ipp+s are cont+5t ^u p]sonal obs]vation1 he fondly imag9es t1 if he c play ) fire )\t be+ se51 no pa9 w foll[4 ,?us ! dang] we seek to av]t is n av]t$4 ,he is /ill liable to be burn$ ?r\gh ignorance4 ,we h d5i$ ! true lesson z to ! nature ( fire1 & taught a false "o ( arbitr>y b unc]ta9 puni%m5t4 ,ev5 if ! *ild is pret]naturally ob$i5t & nev] does ! ?+s we tell him n to d1 he does n le>n ! lesson4 ,he is no wis] ?an be=e4 ,we h sav$ him f dang] & also f k4 ,if he is disob$i5t1 he runs ! same risk z if we _h told him no?+1 ) ! add$ dang] ( act+ alone & n]v\sly4 ,:]eas1 if he 7 taught ! simple lesson t fire burns1 "u our c>eful sup]vision to see t ! burn 0 n s]i\s1 !n he w\ld "k ! actual nature ( fire1 & dread x ) sure reason1 f> m ?an he dreads ! unc]ta9 slipp]4 ,?is has be5 dwelt ^u s fully by previ\s writ]s t !re w\ld seem small ne$ ( fur!r m5tion2 b /ill our mo!rs d n read or d n und]/&1 & /ill our babies are confront$ ) arbitr>y puni%m5t in/ead ( natural consequ5ce4 ,! wor/ result ( ?is sy/em is 9 its effect on ! moral s5se4 ,we h a _w full ( p :o are p>tially re/ra9$ f evil by ! fe> ( arbitr>y puni%m5t1 & :o d evil :5 !y imag9e !y c d s )\t discov]y4 ,nev] hav+ be5 taught to atta* ! evil consequ5ce to ! evil act1 b in/ead to f9d x a remote cont+5cy h++ on ano!r p]son's obs]vation1 we gr[ up 9 ! same attitude ( m9d1 afraid n ( /eal+1 b ( ! policeman4 ,if !re is no slipp]1 :y n tip ov] ! "w-basket3 if !re is no policeman1 :y n /eal8 ,back ( slipp] & police we hold up to ! infant m9d a /ill m remote cont+5cy ( et]nal puni%m5t2 b ?is has to be :olly imag9$1 & is s di/ant1 to a *ild's m9d1 z to h little weight4 ,x has little weight ) gr[n p]sons ev51 &1 necess>ily1 less ) a *ild4 ,! m5tal processes involv$ 9 receiv+ by e> an image ( a ?+ nev] se51 ( visualis+ x by imag9ation & !n rememb]+ ! vision1 & f9ally ( br++ =w>d t rememb]$ vision to act z *eck to a pres5t & actual temptation1 are mo/ difficult4 ,b :]e a consequ5ce is in/ant & cle>1--:5 baby tries to grab ! p>rot1 & ! p>rot bites1--t baby1 )\t be+ promis$ a :ipp+ or be+ :ipp$1 w !reaft] religi\sly avoid all p>rots4 ,a baby soon le>ns to %un c]ta9 ?+s = reasons ( 8 own4 ,:at he dislikes & fe>s he w n t\*4 ,x is no ef=t = ! "y m9d to obs]ve & rememb] a prompt natural consequ5ce4 ,we d make "s clumsy attempts 9 ?is direction1 z :5 we tie up1 9 an ill-ta/+ rag1 ! ?umb too (t5 suck$4 ,if ?umb-suck+ is a really bad habit & a g5]al "o1 we %\ld long s9ce h inv5t$ a neat & h>mless wa%1 pur*asable 9 small bottles at ! drug /ore1 ( :i* a few applications w\ld sick5 ! unhappy suckl+ ( t ?umb mo/ effectually4 ,b ?umb-suck+ we d n consid] z wrong1 m]ely z undesirable4 ,:5 ! *ild does :at we call wrong1 we ?9k he %\ld be puni%$4 ,our ideas ( dome/ic discipl9e are /ill ( ! crudely savage era2 :ile 9 social discipl9e1 9 p5ology1 we h become tol]ably civilis$4 ,"s w say t ! *ild is l a savage1 & is mo/ op5 to ! treatm5t curr5t at t "t 9 our hi/ory4 ,x is true t ! *ild passes ?r\gh ! same phases 9 p]sonal developm5t t ! race pass$ long ago1 & t he is op5 to ! k9d ( in/ruction :i* w\ld affect a primitive-m9d$ adult4 ,b ?is means 7if we are seek+ to b5efit ! *ild71 n ! behavi\r ( "o savage to ano!r1 b su* behavi\r z w\ld elevate ! savage4 ,"o ( ! mo/ simple & useful elem5ts 9 primitive discipl9e is retaliation4 ,x is ,nature's law ( reaction 9 consci\s =m4 ,to retaliate 9 k9d is primitive ju/ice4 ,if we obs]ve ! code ( e?ics 9 use among *ildr51 x resolves itself into two simple pr9ciples3 t ( in/ant & equal retaliation2 or1 :5 t fails1 ! dread ultimatum :i* no *ild c resi/1--,i won't play6 ,a *ild :o is consid]$ mean & disagreeable by 8 fell[s meets ! simple & effectual treatm5t ( snubb+1 neglect1 o/racism4 ,^! two pr9ciples may be appli$ 9 dome/ic discipl9e g5tly1 accurately1 fairly1 & )\t ill-feel+2 & _! effect is admirable4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is & ! o!r me?od8 w be ask$4 ,is n ?is also desc5d+ to ! plane ( *ildi%ness1 ( savag]y1 to :i* y 7 j n[ object+8 ,"h is ! diff]5ce4 ,to apply a brutal & arbitr>y puni%m5t to ! p]son ( ! (f5d] is :at savages d1 & :at we d1 to ! *ild4 ,to receive a j & accurate retaliation is :at *ild & savage und]/&1 are re/ra9$ & in/ruct$ by4 ,we %\ld treat ! *ild 9 me?ods applicable by ! savage1 n ) ! behavi\r ( savages4 ,= in/ance1 y are play+ ) a little *ild4 ,! little *ild is rude to y4 ,y put him d[n1 & g away4 ,?is is a g5tle reaction1 :i*1 be+ repeat$1 he soon le>ns to associate ) ! behavi\r y dislike4 ,:5 ,i d ?is1 obs]ves ! infant m9d1 ! play /ops4 ,i l to play4 ,!re=e1 ,i w n d ! ?+ t /ops x4 ,?is is simple obs]vation1 & involves no ill-feel+4 ,he le>ns to modify 8 conduct to a desir$ end1 :i* is ! lesson ( life4 ,9 ?is case y treat him by a me?od ( retaliation q p]ceptible to a savage1 & appeal+ to ! s5se ( ju/ice )\t ar\s+ antagonism4 ,b1 if y are play+ ) ! little "o1 he is rude to y1 & y spank him1 he is consci\s ( a p]sonal assault :i* does ar\se antagonism4 ,x is n only :at a savage c\ld und]/&1 b :at a savage w\ld h done4 ,x ar\ses savage feel+s1 & helps keep ! *ild a savage4 ,also1 x helps keep ! race a savage2 = ! *ild :o gr[s up "u ! treatm5t common 9 t era f9ds x difficult to behave 9 a mann] suitable to civilisation4 ,discipl9e is "p ( life2 &1 if met e>ly & accept$1 all life becomes easi]4 ,b ! discipl9e :i* ! real _w gives u is bas$ on inexorable law1 n on p]sonal :im4 ,we make ! *ild's idea ( "r & wrong re/ on "s p]son's feel+1 n on ! nature ( ! act4 ,he is tra9$ to behave on a level ( primitive despotism1 & _c successfully adju/ himself to a free democracy4 ,?is is :y our ,am]ican *ildr51 :o get less ( ! old-fa%ion$ discipl9e1 make bett] citiz5s ?an ! m submissive races :o 7 kept sev]ely d[n 9 y\?1 & are unable to keep !mselves d[n 9 lat] life4 ,!re is a pa9ful paucity ( ideas on *ild-tra9+ 9 mo/ families1 z cle>ly %[n 9 ! too common confession1 ,i'm sure ,i don't "k :at to d ) t *ild6 or1 ,:at w\ld y d ) su* a *ild z t8 ,if we may n use ! ev]-ready slipp]1 ! %rill1 abusive voice1 ! d>k closet1 or ?reat ( )held meal1 :at rema9s to u 9 ! l9e ( discipl9e8 ,:at is to be done to ! naughty *ild8 ,we ne$ "h "s k ( :at naught9ess really is4 ,! *ild is a gr[+ gr\p ( faculties1 ! comp>ative developm5t ( :i* makes him a good or bad memb] ( society4 ,8 behavi\r has1 fir/1 ! limitations ( 8 age1 &1 second1 ( 8 p]sonality4 ,a *ild is naturally m timid ?an a gr[n p]son1 & a giv5 *ild may be afflict$ ) m timidity ?an is natural to 8 age4 ,acts :i* indicate su* a condition %[ ne$ ( tra9+ & discipl9e4 ,a c]ta9 am\nt ( selfi%ness is natural to *ildhood3 acts indicat+ unusual selfi%ness call = correction4 ,s ) ! :ole field ( *ildi% behavi\r3 :atev] acts %[ evil t5d5cies ne$ *eck+2 b ! acts natural to e *ild only %[ t he is a *ild1--:i* is n naughty6 ,if we consid]$ ! field be=eh&1 ask$ ourselves :at we expect$ dur+ ?is day or ?is ye> 9 ! behavi\r ( su* a *ild1 & 7 n displeas$ :5 he behav$ )9 ^? l9es1 mu* unnecess>y pa9 & tr\ble w\ld be sav$ to bo? p>ties4 ,!n1 :5 ?+s really indicative ( evil 7 done1 we %\ld c>efully exam9e & te/ ! "* s manife/$1 & beg9 to apply ! suitable discipl9e4 ,= example1 x is natural to *ildhood to be inconsid]ate ( o!rs4 ,! int5se little ego1 full ( /rong new s5sations1 has small sympa?y = ! s5sations ( 8 associates4 ,! baby may love ! kitt51 & yet hurt x cruelly because he does n "k h[ kitt5s feel4 ,?is is n naughty1 & ne$s only ! positive tra9+ :i* %all ha/5 8 natural gr[? 9 ext5sion ( sympa?y4 ,to %[ him ! "r me?ods ( h&l+ ! pet1 & especially ( n h&l+ x2 to tea* him to enjoy wat*+ ! kitt5's natural activities & to respect its pref]5ces1--all t is education1 & ne$s no discipl9e4 ,b1 if ! *ild %[s a pleasure 9 hurt+ ! kitt5 aft] he kn[s x hurts1 !n y h real evil to deal )4 ,a "* is indicat$ :i* may gr[ to call\s indiff]5ce to ! feel+s ( o!rs1 & ev5 to _! actual injury4 ,^! acts are wrong2 & wise1 /rong measures are necess>y4 ,!re are two ma9 l9es on :i* to "w4 ,"o is to take extra measures to cultivate sympa?y1 us+ nature /udy1 & to exam9e & c>e = su* pron\nc$ cases ( suff]+ z mu/ ar\se ev5 ! mo/ dom9ant int]e/4 ,! too-call\s *ild might be tak5 to a *ildr5's hospital1 & help$ to m9i/] to ! ne$s ( ! small suff]]s4 ,8 pets1 mean:ile1 %\ld be l>ge & /rong creatures1 :i* he w\ld dep5d on m or less1 & 8 enjoy+ _! company made absolutely cont+5t on "r treatm5t4 ,special att5tion %\ld also be paid to all su* acts z %[$ consid]ation ( o!rs1--to enc\rage & rew>d !m4 ,aga91 if a *ild %[s a too viol5t or sull5 temp]1 or is di/9ctly sly & untru/wor?y1 ^! are s]i\s indications1 & ne$ c>eful & ?or\gh treatm5t4 ,b ! great majority ( acts = :i* *ildr5 are puni%$ are n at all evil4 ,c>elessness1 = in/ance1 is incid5t to ! "y bra91--ess5tial to x4 ,! p[] always to prop]ly co-relate & rememb] is an adult p[]1 & n always /rong 9 ! adult4 ,we ne$1 ( c\rse1 to enc\rage a gr[+ c>efulness1 b n to expect x nor puni% its natural lack4 ,clums9ess is also incid5tal to ! "y n]ve connections4 ,! baby drops ?+s cont9ually1 ! *ild frequ5tly3 ! adult w hold an object ev5 :ile ! m9d is o!rwise engag$1 ! habit ( ! flexo-motor n]ves be+ well e/abli%$4 ,ent]pris+ exp]im5t is n only natural to *ildhood1 b a positive virtue4 ,t is ! quality :i* leads ! _w onw>d1 & ! lack ( x is a ,*9ese wall aga9/ progress4 ,"o enorm\s field ( :at we call naught9ess 9 our little ones lies 9 (f5ces aga9/ ?+s4 ,fir/ & =emo/1 clo!s4 ,wett+1 soil+1 & te>+ clo!s1--:at a sea ( te>s h be5 %$1 :at wails & sobs1 :at heavy & useless puni%m5ts inflict$1 because ( injur$ clo?+6 ,yet almo/ e accid5t to clo?+ comes f ! int]action ( two facts3 fir/1 ! p]fectly natural clums9ess & c>elessness ( *ildhood2 &1 second1 our int]m9able folly 9 dress+ a *ild 9 un*ildi% g>m5ts1 & plac+ him 9 un*ildi% conditions4 ,!re is no naught9ess involv$ except 9 ! p>5t1 :o %[s a /upidity abnormal to h] age4 ,*ildr5 are frequ5tly reproa*$ = we>+ out _! %oes4 ,:at does ! intellig5t p>5t expect8 ,is ! *ild to sit 9 a *air1 lie d[n1 or ride ! bicycle cont9ually8 ,if ! *ild is se5 to cut 8 %oes ) knives or gr9d !m on a gr9d/one1 t may be disc\rag$ z malici\s mis*ief2 b ! inevitable /ubb+ & scuff+ ( ! eag]1 re/less1 ungov]n$ little feet %\ld h be5 =ese5 & all[$ =4 ,we d /rive to buy ! heavie/ possible mass ( iron-%od lea!r = our boys1 & !n we scold !m = be+ noisy4 ,to surr\nd a gr[+ creature ) artificial difficulties1 to fail to und]/& or all[ = ! natural difficulties ( 8 age1 & !n to puni% ) arbitr>y retribution ! behavi\r :i* is sure to appe>1 ?is is n ! k9d ( discipl9e :i* makes wise1 /rong1 self-gov]n+ citiz5s4 ,v4 ,,tea*able ,,e?ics4 ,our g5]al k ( e?ics is small & unreliable1 & our practice 9 e?ics ev5 small] & m unreliable4 ,! good int5tions ( mank9d are prom95t2 b our ideas ( "r behavi\r are s contradictory & unc]ta91 our execution ( su* ideas z we hold s p>tial & irregul>1 t human behavi\r cont9ues to be mo/ unsatisfactory4 ,?is condition we us$ to *e]fully attribute to ! infirmity ( human nature1 tak+ ignom9i\s consolation f ! ?\ght ( our vici\s t5d5cies & hopeless weakness4 ,! broad light ( evolution>y /udy has remov$ ?is contemptible excuse4 ,we n[ "k human nature to be q z good z ! re/ ( nature1 :]e9 ev]y?+ is good aft] its k9d2 & t1 fur!rmore1 our human k9d has made great improvem5t 9 conduct s f>1 & is capable ( mak+ a great deal m4 ,we are n weak3 we are /rong4 ,we are n wick$3 we e>ne/ly desire to be good4 ,b we are /ill v ignorant ( ! sci5ce ( e?ics1 & mo/ inept 9 its practice4 ,we le>n ma!matics1 & apply our k ) m>vell\s results4 ,we le>n physics1 & use :at we "k !re9 to "w miracles 9 ! mat]ial _w4 ,e?ics is z pla9 a sci5ce z physics1 & z easy ( application4 ,e?ics is ! physics ( social relation4 ,! cause ( our sl[ gr[? 9 e?ics is ?is3-- ,! prom95t importance ( "r action & con/ant ne$ ( "s g5]al /&>d to appeal to1 /rongly impress ! human m9d 9 its v e>lie/ /age ( developm5t4 ,incapable z yet ( sci5tific me?ods ( /udy1 ignorant1 supremely cr$ul\s & timid1 cons]vative & sup]/iti\s to a degree1 primitive man promptly made a religion ( 8 scant obs]vations & d$uctions 9 e?ics1 & =bade all fur!r /udy & exp]im5t4 ,:]e o!r sci5ces h _! recognis$ room = progress1 a sl[ly accumulat+ & (t5 *ang+ k beh9d1 & a free field ( unc]ta9ty 9 front1 e?ics 0 promptly wall$ 9 ) ! absolute & ! sup]-natural4 ,! few l9es ( action !n recognis$ z moral or immoral 7 def9$ 9 ! mo/ conclusive mann]1 & no room left = lat] /udy4 ,x is mo/ int]e/+ to note ! ef=ts ( consci5ti\s m5 9 lat] ages to make an intelligible1 consi/5t s*eme ( e?ics out ( ^! ess5tially incorrect e>ly attempts4 ,by ^! ef=ts a religion grew f a simple gr\p ( dogmas & rites to ! complex ramifications ( _m comm5tators2 & ! occasional vigor\s & progressive bra9 t saw m light has always _h to suff] & /ruggle long to introduce new tru?4 ,we h =bidd51 "u awful p5alties1 all op5-m9d$ /udy 9 ^! l9es2 & ?is especially h9d]+ m5tal attitude has kept ! mo/ g5]al & simple ( ! sci5ces 9 a v backw>d condition1 s t we g ?r\gh s*ool & college ) no real enlight5m5t on ! subject4 ,?us a "y man1 q pr(ici5t 9 languages1 physics1 & ! high] ma!matics1 w be %amefully defici5t 9 ev5 ! l[e/ e?ics 7"r behavi\r 9 reg>d to himself71 & %[ no acqua9tance :atev] ) ! high] bran*es ( ! subject4 ,we err v commonly 9 "r treatm5t ( ourselves1 m commonly 9 treatm5t ( "o ano!r2 & our confusion ( idea & behavi\r increases ) ! squ>e ( ! di/ance1 our behavi\r to o!r nations or o!r k9ds ( animals be+ l[e/ ( all4 ,we h a common s*eme ( behavi\r1 com+ f v>i\s influ5ces & conditions1 :i* we _c ourselves acc\nt = by any e?ical rules2 & ?is e-day work+ e?ics ( ours %[s h[ social evolution unconsci\sly developes ne$$ conduct1 ev5 :]e our consci\s intellig5ce fails to recognise or recomm5d su* conduct z e?ical4 ,?us we h develop$ _m /alw>t & timely virtues 9 spite ( r ?an because ( religi\s approval1 & _m s]i\s vices fl\ri% )\t religi\s opposition4 ,a conspicu\s in/ance ( ?is is 9 ! pi\s cont5tm5t ( a weal?y *ur* corporation1 ! income ( :i* is d]iv$ f t5em5t h\ses :i* are hotb$s ( evil2 & 9 ! (t5 obs]v$ conduct ( an irreligi\s man1 :o practises ! commonplace necess>y virtues ( daily bus9ess life4 ,b ?is p[] ( social evolution developes ! imm$iate virtues ess5tial to close p]sonal int]c\rse m quickly ?an ! high] range ( virtue1 ne$$ 9 national & int]national affairs4 ,?us we (t5 see a good family man1 fri5d1 & p]haps ev5 an hone/ bus9ess deal]1 %amefully neglig5t or corrupt 9 political duty4 ,x w\ld seem t ! same bra9s :i* h br\ght u =w>d to su* enorm\s k 9 o!r l9es might h made m progress 9 ?is4 ,"s special cause mu/ h op]at$1 & be /ill op]at+1 to prev5t a normal gr[? 9 ?is deeply important field4 ,mu* might be said "h ( ! influ5ce ( religi\s cu/om2 b ! /ill clos] & m inv>iable cause lies n 9 ! *ur*1 b 9 ! home4 ,:]e 9 social relation our necess>y enl>gem5t & progress h =c$ ^u u nobl] *>act]i/ics1 9 ! dome/ic relation small *ange has be5 made4 ,! privacy & cons]vatism ( ! family gr\p h made x a nurs+ gr\nd ( rudim5t>y survivals1 long s9ce outgr[n 9 m op5 fields2 & ! e?ical code ( ! family is pat5tly beh9d t ( ! society 9 :i* x is locat$4 ,! primitive in/9cts1 affections1 & passions are !re2 b ju/ice1 lib]ty1 c\rtesy1 & su* lat] social s5tim5ts are v weak4 ,new tru? is se5 by new bra9s4 ,z ! organ we ?9k ) gr[s f age to age1 we are able to ?9k f>!r & deep]2 b1 if ! gr[+ bra9 is especially injur$ 9 any "o dep>tm5t 9 e>ly y\?1 x w n gr[ z fa/ 9 t "o l9e4 ,z a g5]al rule1--a rule ) r>e exceptions1--we d ?us injure ! baby bra9 9 ! l9e ( e?ical ?\ght & action4 ,9 o!r sci5ces we tea* :at we "k1 :5 we tea* at all1 & practise fairly2 b1 9 tea*+ a *ild e?ics1 we d n give ev5 :at we h ( k1 & our practice ) him & ! practice we dem& f him are n at all 9 accordance ) our true views4 ,9 gl>+ in/ance is ! habit ( ly+ to *ildr54 ,a woman :o w\ld n lie to a gr[n fri5d w lie freely to h] own *ild4 ,a man :o w\ld n be unju/ to 8 bro!r or a /rang] w be unju/ to 8 little son4 ,! common c\rtesy giv5 any adult is n giv5 to ! *ild4 ,t delicate consid]ation = ano!r's feel+s1 :i* is "p ( our common practice among fri5ds1 is lack+ 9 our deal+s ) *ildr54 ,f ! treatm5t !y receive1 *ildr5 _c le>n any rational & consi/5t s*eme ( e?ics4 ,_! heal?y little bra9s make e>ly inf]5ce f ! conduct ( _! eld]s1 & incite behavi\r on ! same plan2 b !y spe$ily f9d t ^! are poor rules1 = !y d n "w bo? ways4 ,! conduct we seek to en=ce f !m does n accord ) our conduct1 nor =m any consi/5t :ole by itself4 ,x is n bas$ on any simple gr\p ( pr9ciples :i* a *ild c und]/&1 b re/s v l>gely on ! p]sonal equation & ! m9or v>iations ( circum/ance4 ,take ly+ aga9 z an in/ance4 #a4 ,we lie to ! *ild4 ,he discov]s x4 ,no evil is app>5tly resultant4 #b4 ,he accuses u ( x1 & we puni% him = imp]t95ce4 #c4 ,he lies to u1 & meets sev]e p5alties4 #d4 ,we accuse him ( x1 rightly or wrongly1 & are n puni%$ = imp]t95ce4 #e4 ,he obs]ves u lie to ! visitor 9 ! way ( polit5ess ) no evil result4 #f4 ,he lies to ! visitor less skilfully1 & is aga9 made to suff]4 #g4 ,he lies to 8 m ignorant juniors1 & no?+ happ5s4 #h4 ,mean:ile1 if he receives any def9ite e?ical in/ruction on ! subject1 he is probably told t ,god hates a li>1 t to lie is a s96 ,! ela/ic human bra9 c & does accommodate itself to ?is confusion1 & gr[s up to complac5tly repeat ! :ole p]=mance )\t any consci\sness ( inconsi/5cy2 b progress 9 e?ics is h>dly to be look$ = "u su* conditions4 ,x is pa!tic to see ?is wa/e ( p[] 9 ea* g5]ation4 ,we are born ) ! g5tl] & k9d] impulses br$ by long social int]relation4 ,we h ev] broad] & subtl] bra9s2 b our good impulses are *eck$1 twi/$1 tangl$1 weigh$ d[n ) _m artificial re/rictions1 & our re/less que/ion+s & sugge/ions are snubb$ or neglect$4 ,a *ild is tempt+ly op5 to in/ruction 9 e?ics4 ,8 primitive m5tal attitude recognises ! importance ( ! ma9 pr9ciples z /rongly z ! e>ly savage did4 ,8 simple & gu>d$ life makes x easy = u to supply pr(use & cont9u\s illu/rations ( ! work+ ( ^! pr9ciples2 & 8 /rong1 ke5 feel+s enable u to impress ) la/+ p[] ! relative rightness & wrongness ( diff]5t l9es ( action4 ,yet ?is beautiful opportunity is n only neglect$1 b ! fre% m9d & its eag] p[]s are blurr$1 confus$1 disc\rag$1 by our s5seless treatm5t4 ,our lack ( k does n excuse x4 ,our l+]+ religi\s re/riction does n excuse x4 ,we "k some?+ ( e?ics1 & practise some?+1 b treat ! *ild z if he 0 a l[] in/ead ( a high] be+4 ,surely1 we c r$uce our e?ical k into "s simple & tea*able %ape1 & take ! same pa9s to tea* ?is noble/1 ?is mo/ indisp5sable ( sci5ces t we take to tea* music or danc+4 ,physics is ! sci5ce ( molecul> relation1--h[ ?+s "w 9 relation to o!r ?+s4 ,e?ics is ! sci5ce ( social relation1--h[ p "w 9 relation to o!r p4 ,to ! individual !re is no e?ics b ( self-developm5t & reproduction4 ,! lonely animal's behavi\r goes no f>!r4 ,b greg>i\s animals h to relate _! behavi\r to "o ano!r1--a m complex problem2 & 9 our intricate co-relation !re is s wide a field ( int]-relative behavi\r t its work+ pr9ciples & laws =m a sci5ce4 ,h[ev] complex our ultimate acts1 !y are op5 to classification1 & resolve !mselves into c]ta9 g5]al pr9ciples :i* long s9ce 7 recognis$ & nam$4 ,lib]ty1 ju/ice1 love1--we all "k ^! & o!rs1 & c promptly squ>e a giv5 act by "s famili> pr9ciple4 ,! s5se ( ju/ice developes v e>ly1 & may be us$ z a basis = a l>ge range ( conduct4 ,to play fair c be e>ly taught4 ,t isn't fair6 is "o ( a *ild's e>lie/ p]ceptions4 ,:5 ,i want to g some:]e1 y say ,i'm too little2 &1 :5 ,i cry1 y say ,i'm too big6 ,x isn't fair6 prote/s ! *ild4 ,9 tra9+ a *ild 9 ! p]ception & practice ( ju/ice1 we %\ld always rememb] t ! /&>d mu/ suit ! *ild's m9d1 n ours4 ,:at to our long]1 wid] sweep ( vision seems q j1 to him may seem bitt]ly unju/2 &1 if we puni% a *ild 9 a way t seems to him unju/1 he is unju/ly puni%$4 ,s ! in/ructor 9 e?ics mu/ h an ext5d$ k ( ! *ild's po9t ( view1--t ( *ildr5 9 g5]al & ( ! *ild be+ in/ruct$ 9 p>ticul>1 & ! illu/rations measur$ accord+ly4 ,x ought to be unnecess>y to rem>k t no m passion %\ld be us$ 9 tea*+ e?ics ?an 9 tea*+ ari?metic4 ,! *ild w make mi/akes1 ( c\rse4 ,we "k t be=eh&1 & c l>gely provide = !m4 ,x is = u to arrange 8 successive problems s t !y are n too rapid or too difficult1 & to be no m impati5t or displeas$ at a natural slip 9 ?is l9e ( developm5t ?an 9 any o!r4 ,unhappily1 x is j "h t we almo/ always err4 ,! *ild's sl[ly accumulat+ p]ceptions & increas+ accuracy ( expression are n only confus$ by our errone\s tea*+1 b greatly %ock$ & j>r$ by our mann]1 our evid5t excitem5t 9 cases ( conduct :i* we call matt]s ( "r & wrong4 ,all conduct is "r or wrong4 ,a diff]5ce 9 praise or blame belongs to relative excell5ce ( int5tion or ( p]=mance2 b ! =mation ( a delicate & accurate consci5ce is sadly int]f]$ ) by our viol5t feel+s4 ,x is ?is :i* r5d]s e?ical action s s5sitive & morbid4 ,:]e 9 o!r l9es we act calmly1 accord+ to our k1 or1 if we err1 calmly rectify ! error1 9 e?ics we are n]v\s1 vacillat+1 unduly elat$ or depress$1 because our e>ly tea*+s 9 ?is field 7 s ov]weight$ ) int5se feel+4 ,self-control is "o ( ! fir/ ess5tials 9 ! practice ( e?ics1--:i* is to say1 9 liv+4 ,self-control c be taught a *ild by g5tly graduat$ ex]cises1 s t he %all come calmly into 8 fir/ k+dom1 & ex]cise ?is normal human p[] )\t self-consci\sness4 ,we d no?+ actively to develope ?is p[]4 ,we simply puni% ! lack ( x :5 t lack happ5s to be disagreeable to u4 ,a *ild :o has tantrums1 = in/ance1--^? helpless1 pro/rate passions ( scream+ & kick+1--is treat$ v>i\sly dur+ ! attack2 b no?+ is done dur+ ! placid int]val to cultivate ! desir$ p[] ( control4 ,self-control is involv$ 9 all consci\s acts4 ,!re=e1 x %\ld n be h>d to s arrange & relate ^? acts z to /eadily develope ! habit4 ,games 9 v>y+ degree require fur!r ex]tion ( self-control1 & games are ! *ild's daily lessons4 ,! natural e?ical s5se ( humanity is /rongly & e>ly %[n 9 our games4 ,x is a joy to u to le>n ! rules & play accord+ to !m1 or to a matur] /ud5t to grasp ! pr9ciples & "w !m out2 & our quick condemnation ( ! poor play] or ! c>eless play]1 & our rage at him :o does n play fair1 %[ h[ naturally we incl9e to "r conduct4 ,life is a l>ge game1 ) s _m rules t x is v h>d to le>n by !m2 b its pr9ciples c be taught to ! y\nge/4 ,:5 we rightly und]/& ^? pr9ciples1 we c leave (f _m arbitr>y rules1 & greatly simplify ! game4 ,! recognition ( ! rights ( o!rs is ju/ice1 & comes easily to ! *ild4 ,! g5]osity :i* goes beyond ju/ice is also natural to ! *ild 9 "s degree1 & op5 to easy culture4 ,x %\ld1 h[ev]1 always re/ on its natural precursor1 ju/ice2 & ! *ild be l$ on to g5]osity gradually1 & by ! visible example ( ! high] pleasure involv$4 ,to divide ! fruit ev5ly is ! fir/ /ep4 ,to %[ t y enjoy giv+ up y\r %>e1 t y take pleasure 9 8 pleasure1 & !n1 :5 ?is act is imitat$1 to %[ su* delight & gratitude z %all make ! baby m9d feel y\r satisfaction1--t is a sl[ b simple process4 ,we usually neglect ! f\ndation ( ju/ice1 & !n f9d x h>d to tea* lov+-k9dness to ! "y m9d4 ,dem&s on ! *ild's p]sonal surr5d] & g5]osity %\ld be made v gradually1 & always ) a cle>ly visible cause4 ,:]e any dawn+ faculty is ov]/ra9$ 9 y\?1 x is h>d & sl[ to re-e/abli% ! gr[?4 ,"o simple e?ical pr9ciple mo/ ne$ful 9 *ild-tra9+1 & usually mo/ pa9fully lack+1 is hone/y4 ,aside f direct ly+1 we almo/ univ]sally use concealm5t & evasion2 & ev5 e>li] ?an t we assume an artificial mann] ) babies & "y *ildr5 :i* causes ! dawn+ e?ical s5se /range p]turbations4 ,x is a v common ?+ to dem& f little *ildr5 a %[ ( affection )\t its natural prompt+4 ,ev5 betwe5 "m & *ild ?is play+ at lov+ is (t5 se54 ,come & kiss mamma6 ,:at6 ,don't y love mamma8 ,poor mamma6 ,mamma cry6 ,& mamma pret5ds to cry1 9 ord] to make baby pret5d to love h]4 ,! adult visitor almo/ inv>iably simulates an int]e/ & cordiality :i* is n felt1 & does x 9 a palpably artificial mann]4 ,^! may seem small matt]s4 ,we pass !m )\t notice daily1 b !y are important 9 ! f\ndation impressions ( ! "y bra94 ,*ildr5 are usually v ke5 to detect ! pret5ce4 ,oh1 y don't mean t3 y only say s6 !y rem>k4 ,we ?us help to develope a loose1 /raggl+ s5se ( hone/y & hon\r1 a *ronic e?ical inaccuracy1 l a bad e> = music4 ,! baby-educator %\ld see to x t %e %[ only real feel+s to ! *ild2 & %[ !m 9 l>ge lett]s1 z x 74 ,d n say1 ,mamma is angry1 or ,mamma is griev$1 or ,mamma is a%am$1 b be angry1 griev$1 or a%am$ visibly4 ,let ! *ild obs]ve ! effect ( 8 act on y1 n he> y say y feel ?us & s1 & see no signs ( x4 ,we dep5d f> too mu* on oral /atem5ts1 & neglect ! simpl]1 /rong]1 sur] means ( convey+ impressions4 ,! delicacy ( p]ception ( a *ild %\ld be pres]v$ & t5d]ly us$4 ,we (t5 blur & weak5 x by giv+ false1 irregul>1 & disproportionate impressions1 & !n are =c$ to use m & m viol5ce to make any impression at all4 ,all ?is s5sitiv5ess is to e?ics :at ! musical e> is to music4 ,9 injur+ x1 we make x h>d] = ! gr[+ s\l to discrim9ate delicately 9 e?ical que/ions1--a difficulty b too common among u4 ,! basis ( human e?ics1 be+ social1 requires = its gr[? a gr[+ p]ception ( collective & int]-relative rights & duties4 ,our cont9ual object ) ! *ild is to e/abli% 9 8 m9d ?is common consci\sness & an accurate measure 9 p]ception4 ,x is at fir/ a simple matt] ( ari?metic4 ,"h is ! gr\p ( little ones1 & ! equal numb] ( cookies3 palpably1 ea* %\ld h "o4 ,"h is "o extra cookie4 ,:o %all h x8 ,robby1 because 8 is ! smalle/4 ,jamie cries t 8 is z small z ,robby's4 ,is x8 ,! fact is asc]ta9$4 ,divide ! extra cookie1 !n3 t's fair4 ,or "h is "o :o 0 n well ye/]day & _h no cookies4 ,give x to him4 ,^! ?+s are n to be o/5tati\sly done nor too cont9ually1 b always ) c>e & accuracy1 z lessons m important ?an any o!rs4 ,! deep] & l>g] s5se ( social duty1--n ! p]sonal balanc+ ( rights1 :i* is easy to ev5 ! y\nge/ m9d1 b ! devotion to ! s]vice ( all1 ! recognition t ! great] includes ! less1--?is mu/ be %[n by p]sonal example long be=e x c be imitat$4 ,p>5ts neglect ?is :]e x w\ld help !m mo/1 & sub/itute1 to meet ! *ild's inquiries1 only p]sonal au?ority & compulsion4 ,if ! p>5t w\ld con/antly manife/ a recognition ( duty & p]=mance ( x ev5 aga9/ desire1 x w\ld be a great help to ! *ild4 ,mo/ *ildr5 imag9e t gr[n p]sons d j z !y want to2 & t ! /r+5t code ( behavi\r en=c$ ^u !m is requisite only 9 *ildhood1 & en=ceable only because ( _! weakness4 ,mu* ( ! p>5t's conduct c be us$ z an object-lesson to ! *ild2 b its skilful employm5t ne$s cle> e?ical p]ception & mu* educational ability4 ,= in/ance1 if ! "m elaborately expla9s t %e is oblig$ to d some?+ :i* seems to ! *ild absurd1 or if %e claims to h to d a c]ta9 ?+ :i* ! *ild c see t %e really enjoys1 ! impressions made are n correct ones4 ,a recognition ( ! importance ( "r tea*+ ( e?ics to ! *ild w\ld help adult conduct 9 mo/ cases4 ,&1 if ! *ild 7 receiv+ prop] gr\nd+ 9 e?ics f a special educator1 he c\ld come home & p]plex 8 p>5ts ) problems1 z a bright *ild (t5 does n[ 9 o!r sci5ces4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 po9ts to ! ne$ ( accept$ text-books on e?ics1 & w all[ ( disputes betwe5 au?orities & disagreem5t on _m po9ts2 b ^! conditions exi/ 9 all sci5ces4 ,!re are diff]5t au?orities & s*ools1 mu* disagreem5t & dispute & v>y+ conduct bas$ on our v>i\s sci5tific beliefs4 ,b out ( ! /udy1 discussion1 & ensu+ behavi\r comes ! gradual pro( ( :at is really true2 & we e/abli% c]ta9 g5]ally accept$ facts & pr9ciples1 :ile /ill all[+ a m>g9 = div]g5ce ( op9ion & fur!r k4 ,our dread ( /udy+ e?ics z a sci5ce on acc\nt ( ?is div]g5ce ( op9ion is a h]$it>y bra9 t5d5cy1 due to ! long association ( e?ical values ) "o infallible religi\s text-book1--,koran or ,bible or ,talmud or ,z5d-,ave/a4 ,x is writt5 0 ! mo/ conclusive ( /atem5ts to ! anci5t m9d4 ,! mod]n m9d ought by ?is "t to h develop$ a wide & heal?y di/ru/ ( t :i* is writt54 ,:ile our writt5 e?ics has rema9$ at a /&/ill always until ! upw>d sweep ( social conduct dem&$ & produc$ a bett] religion1 our unnotic$ practice ( e?ics has work$ out _m common rules4 ,9 ! fe>less /udy ( ?is field ( practical e?ics lies our way to su* simple text-books z may be us$ to tea* *ildr54 ,!re is no "q z to :e!r we %\ld or %\ld n tea* e?ics to v little *ildr54 ,we d1 we mu/1 :e!r we w or n4 ,! real "q is :at to tea* & h[4 ,!y le>n f our daily walk & conv]sation2 & !y le>n /range ?+s4 ,mo/ palpable ( all among ! wrong impressions giv5 to our *ildr5 is t ( ! pre-em95t importance ( ! primitive relations ( life1 & ! utt] unimportance ( ! great social relations ( our "t4 ,:atev] ideas ( "r & wrong ! *ild succe$s 9 ga!r+1 !y are all ( a closely p]sonal nature1 bas$ on int]p]sonal conduct 9 ! family relation1 or 9 su* re/rict$ & %all[ social relations z is cov]$ by our code ( company mann]s4 ,! greate/ ne$ ( bett] e?ics to-day is 9 our true social relation1--! economic & political field ( action 9 :i* lie our major activities1 & 9 :i* we are /ill s grossly uncivilis$4 ,n until he goes to s*ool does ! *ild beg9 to appreciate any g5]al basis ( conduct2 & ev5 !re ! e?ics ( ! position are op5 to mu* cle>] treatm5t4 ,z ! "m is s prom95t a factor 9 influ5c+ ! *ild's life1 x is pre-em95tly necess>y t %e %\ld be gr\nd$ 9 ?is l>g] e?ics1 & able to tea* x by example z well z by description4 ,%e ne$s a p]ception ( ! proportionate duties ( mank9d1--an und]/&+ ( _! true basis1 & a tra9$ skill 9 imp>t+ ?is k to ! *ild4 ,if %e _c prop]ly tea* e?ics1 %e %\ld provide a tea*] m compet5t4 ,at pres5t ! only special e?ical tea*+ = ! *ild outside ! family is 9 ! ,sunday-s*ool2 & ,sunday-s*ool tea*]s are usually amiable "y ladies :o are bes\ght on any t]ms--) no prep>ation :atev]--to give ?is in/ruction4 ,once we boldly ent] ! field ( e?ical /udy1 & r$uce its simple pr9ciples to a tea*able basis1--:5 we make cle> to ourselves & our *ildr5 ! legitimate reasons ( "r conduct1--! same intellig5ce & ambition :i* c>ry u on s f> 9 o!r sci5ces w lift ! /&>d ( behavi\r ( our race1 bo? 9 !ory & practice4 ,mean:ile1 ) su* k & practice z we h to-day1 let u see to x t we give to little *ildr5 our be/ e?ics by precept & example1 ) hopes t !y may g on to high] levels4 ,,vi4 ,a ,,place ,,= ,,*ildr54 ,! "o ma9 cause ( our unfairness to *ildr5 is t we consid] !m :olly 9 a p]sonal light4 ,ju/ice & equity1 ! rights ( humanity1 require a broad] basis ?an blood relation%ip4 ,*ildr5 are "p ( humanity1 & ! l>ge/ "p4 ,few ( u realise _! numb]s1 or ?9k t !y con/itute ! majority ( human be+s4 ,! av]age family1 z giv5 9 ! c5sus returns1 consi/ ( five p]sons1--two adults & ?ree m9ors4 ,any population :i* increases has a majority ( *ildr51 our own be+ ?ree-fif?s4 ,?is l>ge proportion ( human be+s con/itutes a p]man5t class1--ano!r fact we fail to consid] because ( our p]sonal po9t ( view4 ,"o's own *ild & "o's neighb\r's *ild gr[ up & pass out ( *ildhood1 & ) !m goes "o's int]e/ 9 *ildr54 ,( c\rse1 we intellectually "k t !re are o!rs2 b to ! consci\s m9d ( mo/ p]sons *ildr5 are evanesc5t p]sonal incid5ts4 ,! p]man5ce ( *ildhood z a human /atus is prov5 by ! survival among !m ( games & phrases ( utmo/ antiquity1 :i* are h&$ d[n1 n f fa!r to son1 b f *ild to *ild4 ,if an isolat$ family moves into a new c\ntry1 & its *ildr5 gr[ up alone1 !y d n "k ^! games4 ,we %\ld be> 9 m9d 9 /udy+ *ildr5 t we h be=e u a p]man5t class1 l>g] ?an ! adult population4 ,s t 9 "q ( num]ical ju/ice !y c]ta9ly h a "r to at lea/ equal att5tion4 ,b1 :5 we rememb] also t ?is l>ge & p]man5t class ( human be+s is by f> ! mo/ important1 t on its "r treatm5t re/s ! progress ( ! _w1 !n1 inde$1 x behooves u to consid] ! attitude ( ! adult population t[>d ! junior memb]s ( society4 ,z memb]s ( society1 we f9d t !y h receiv$ almo/ no att5tion4 ,!y are treat$ z memb]s ( ! family by ! family1 b n ev5 recognis$ z belong+ to society4 ,only 9 mod]n hi/ory d we f9d ev5 en\gh p]ception ( ! *ild's place 9 ! ,/ate to provide "s public education2 & to-day1 9 "s m advanc$ cities1 "s provision = public protection & recreation4 ,*ildr5's playgr\nds are beg9n+ to appe> at la/ among p :o h long ma9ta9$ public p>ks & g>d5s = adults4 ,also1 9 ! g5]al p>ks a *ildr5's qu>t] is (t5 n[ provid$1 ) facilities = _! special c>e & ent]ta9m5t4 ,b except = ^! r>e cases ( special playgr\nds1 except = ! q g5]\s array ( s*ool-h\ses & a few orphan asylums & k9dr$ in/itutions1 !re are no indications 9 city or c\ntry t !re are su* p z *ildr54 ,a visitor f ano!r planet1 exam9+ our h\ses1 /reets1 furniture1 & ma*9]y1 w\ld n ga!r mu* evid5ce ( *ildhood z a l>ge or an important factor 9 human life4 ,! answ] to ?is is prompt & l\d3 ,*ildr5 belong at home6 ,look !re1 & y w see if !y are consid]$ or n4 ,let u look !re c>efully4 ,! av]age home is a h\se (1 say1 six rooms4 ,?is is a lib]al all[ance1 applicable only to ,am]ica4 ,ev5 ) u1 9 our cities1 ! av]age home is 9 a cr[d$ t5em5t1--only two or ?ree rooms2 & 9 wide /ret*es ( c\ntry x is a small & cr[d$ f>m-h\se4 ,six rooms is lib]al all[ance1--kit*51 d9+-room1 & p>l\r1 & ?ree b$rooms4 ,gaz+ ^u ! home f ! outside1 we see a build+ ( dim5sions suit$ to adults4 ,!re is no?+ to indicate *ildr5 !re4 ,exam9+ x f ! inside1 we f9d ! same proportionate dim5sions1 & no?+ 9 ! mat]ials or arrangem5t ( ! int]nal furni%+s to indicate *ildr5 !re4 ,! /airs are measur$ to ! adult tread1 ! w9d[s to ! adult eye1 ! *airs & table to ! adult seat4 ,hold6 ,9 a b$room we discov] a cradle1--desc5d$ f :o kn[s :at inh]it$ desire = sw++ b\ghs6--&1 9 "s cases1 a crib4 ,9 ! d9+-room is (t5 a high *air 7made to accommodate ! adult table71 & sometimes 9 ! p>l\r a l[ *air = ! *ild4 ,if p are weal?y & c>eful1 !re is1 p]haps1 a l[ table1 too2 b ! utmo/ t c be claim$ = ! av]age *ild is a cradle or crib1 a high *air1 & a little rock]4 ,!re c be no reasonable objection to ?is1 s long z ! *ild is consid]$ m]ely z a memb] ( a family4 ,! adult family prec$es & outla/s ! *ild1 & x w\ld be absurd to expect !m to /oop & suff] 9 a h\se built & furni%$ = *ildr54 ,s we build = ! adult only1 & small legs toil pa9fully up our /airs & fall m pa9fully d[n !m4 ,b ! mom5t we beg9 to address ourselves to ! ne$s ( *ildr5 z a class1 ! result is diff]5t4 ,9 ! s*ool-h\se all ! seats are = *ildr51 except tea*]'s *air2 9 ! k9d]g>t5 ! t9y *airs & tables are p]fectly appropriate2 9 ! playgr\nd all ! appo9tm5ts are *ild-size4 ,:at d y expect6 prote/s ! p]plex$ p>5t4 ,y say y\rself1 ,i _c build my h\se *ild-size4 ,d y expect me to add a *ild-size h\se 9 ! back y>d8 ,i _c af=d x4 ,no1 ! individual p>5t _c af=d to build a *ild-h\se = 8 own family1 nor1 = t matt]1 a s*ool-h\se4 ,we1 collectively1 :e!r ?r\gh g5]al taxation1 z 9 ! public s*ool1 or comb9ation ( p]sonal funds1 z 9 ! private s*ool1 d manage to provide our *ildr5 ) s*ool-h\ses1 because we recognise _! ne$ ( !m4 ,simil>ly1 we c provide = !m suitable h\ses = a f> m e>ly & cont9u\s education1--:5 we see ! ne$ ( !m4 ,"h ! unt\*$ bra9-spaces make no response4 ,:at d y mean6 cries ! p>5t4 ,d y wi% u to club toge!r1 & build a--a--public nurs]y = our *ildr56 ,?is seems suffici5tly horrific to /op all fur!r discussion4 ,b is x8 ,may we n g5tly pursue ! !me8 ,we c & d *e]fully admit ! advantages ( a public s*ool & a public s*ool-tea*] = our *ildr54 ,"s ( u admit ! advantages ( a public k9d]g>t5 & a public k9d]g>tn] = our *ildr54 ,! /ep betwe5 *ild-g>d5 & baby-g>d5 is slight4 ,:y n a public nurs]y & a public nurse8 ,t1 ( c\rse1 = ^? classes :o gladly provide & patronise ! public s*ool & k9d]g>t54 ,! sw>m+ neglect$ babies ( ! poor1 n[ und]foot 9 dirty kit*5 or dirti] /reet1 "p neglect$ & "p abus$1 a tax on ! toil+ "m & a griev\s injury to ! old] *ildr5 :o mu/ c>e = !m1--^! w\ld be f> bett] (f if e cr[d$ block _h its big1 bright baby-g>d5 on ! ro(1 & _! "y lives 7 kept peaceful1 clean1 & well c>$ = by special nurses :o knew _! bus9ess4 ,a public nurs]y is saf] ?an ! public /reet4 ,"o hot reply to ?is proposition is t /ati/ics prove t babies 9 in/itutions die fa/] ?an babies ev5 9 ! poore/ families4 ,p]haps ?is is s4 ,b consid] ! diff]5ce 9 ! cases4 ,*ildr5 9 in/itutions are mo!rless1 g5]ally orphans4 ,no "o is propos+ to remove ! mo!rs ( ! babies 9 ! baby-g>d54 ,b !y w\ld be sep>at$ f _! mo!rs6 ,*ildr5 :o g to s*ool are sep>at$ f _! mo!rs4 ,*ildr5 :o g to ! k9d]g>t5 are sep>at$ f _! mo!rs4 ,*ildr5 :o play 9 ! /reet are sep>at$ f _! mo!rs4 ,if ! mo!rs ( ^! *ildr5 _h no?+ else to d1 !y c\ld give all _! "t to !m4 ,b !y h o!r ?+s to d2 &1 :ile !y are busy1 ! baby w\ld be bett] (f 9 ! baby-g>d5 ?an 9 ! /reet4 ,to ^? :o pref] to ma9ta9 ! private s*ool & ! private k9d]g>t51 a private baby-g>d5 w\ld be equally available4 ,b we d n want x4 ,we pref] to c>e = our *ildr5 at home1 !y reply4 ,?is means t !y pref] to h _! little ones 9 _! own nurs]y1 "u ! c>e ( ! "m1 via ! nurse4 ,! "q rema9s op5 z to :i* ! *ildr5 w\ld pref]1 & :i* w\ld be bett] = !m4 ,p]haps c]ta9 cle> & positive ass]tions %\ld be made "h1 to allay ! anxiety & ang] ab\t sep>at+ ! *ild f ! "m4 ,! "m ( a "y baby %\ld be ne> en\gh to nurse x1 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,%e %\ld take c>e ( x2 t is1 see t x has ev]y?+ necess>y to its heal?1 com=t1 & developm5t4 ,b t is no reason :y %e %\ld adm9i/] to its e ne$ ) h] own h&s4 ,! ignorant1 l[-class poor "m does ?is1 & does n pres]ve ! lives ( h] *ildr5 !reby4 ,! educat$1 high-class ri* "m does n d ?is1 b promptly hires a s]vant to d x = h]4 ,! nurs]y & ! nurse are ess5tial to ! baby2 b :at k9d ( nurs]y & nurse are mo/ desirable8 ,! k9d ( s]vant hir$ by ! ord9>y well-to-d family is (t5 n a suitable p]son to h ! c>e ( little *ildr54 ,a "y *ild ne$s ev5 m intellig5t c>e ?an an old] "o4 ,a gr\p ( families1 ea* pay+ = its *ildr5's s*ool+1 c af=d to give !m a f> high] class ( tea*] ?an ea* c\ld af=d to provide sep>ately4 ,s a gr\p ( families1 ea* pay+ = its *ildr5's nurs+1 c\ld af=d to provide a f> sup]ior class ( nurse ?an ea* c provide sep>ately4 ,"h aga9 rises ! prote/ t x is n good = small *ildr5--babies--to be h]d$ toge!r1--see infant mortality 9 in/itutions4 ,aga91 an unfair comp>ison is involv$4 ,! poore/ k9d ( *ildr51 mo!rless & fa!rless1 are cr[d$ 9 undue numb]s 9 *>itable or public in/itutions1 & submitt$ to ! p]functory c>e ( l[-grade1 ill-paid att5dants1 among accommodations by no means ( ! be/4 ,we are ask$ to comp>e ?is to small gr\ps ( heal?y1 well-br$ *ildr51 plac$ = c]ta9 h\rs ( ! day only 9 c>efully plann$ ap>tm5ts1 9 all ways suitable1 "u ! c>e ( high-grade1 well-paid exp]t att5dants & in/ructors4 ,! c>e ( little *ildr5 is n s]vant's "w4 ,x is n nurses' "w4 ,a heal?y *ild %\ld h 8 physical ne$s all prop]ly suppli$1 &1 = ! re/1 be "u ! mo/ g5tle & exquisite tra9+4 ,x is education1 & education m valuable ?an t receiv$ 9 college1 :i* our little ones ne$2 & !y d n get x f nurse-maids4 ,!n rises ! "m4 ,i c tea* my baby bett] ?an any tea*]1 h[ev] highly tra9$4 ,if ! "m c1 by all means let h]4 ,b c %e8 ,we d n he> mo!rs prote/+ t !y c tea* _! gr[n-up sons & daught]s bett] ?an ! college pr(essors1 nor _! middle-ag$ *ildr5 bett] ?an ! s*ool-tea*]s4 ,:y1 !n1 are !y s c]ta9 t !y c tea* ! babies bett] ?an tra9$ baby-tea*]s8 ,!y are will+ to consult a doctor if ! baby is ill1 & gladly submit to 8 dictation4 ,! doctor says baby mu/ eat ?is & g !re & d s4 ,!re is no w\nd to mat]nal pride 9 ?is case4 ,if !y h defective *ildr51 !y are only too glad to place !m "u exp]t c>e1 n m9d+ ev5 sep>ation = ! good ( ! *ild4 ,any "o :o kn[s ( ! m>vell\s results obta9$ by us+ specially tra9$ intellig5ce 9 ! c>e ( defective *ildr5 mu/ wond] gravely if we might n gr[ up bett] ) "s specially tra9$ intellig5ce us$ on our normal *ildr54 ,b ?is we _c h till we make a place = *ildr54 ,no woman or man1 ) ! intellig5ce & education suitable = ?is great task1 w\ld be will+ to be a private s]vant 9 "o family4 ,we d n expect x ( college-tea*] or s*ool-tea*]4 ,we c\ld n expect x ( baby-tea*]4 ,! v weal?y might ( c\rse comm& all ?ree2 b t has no application to mank9d 9 g5]al1 & is also op5 to grave "q z to its relative value4 ,a private /aff ( college pr(essors w\ld n be able to give ! boy ! advantages ( go+ to college4 ,we _c h sep>ately :at we c h collectively4 ,moreov]1 ev5 if ! tea*] be secur$1 we h n at home ! mat]ial advantages op5 to u 9 ! specially prep>$ place = *ildr54 ,a h\se or range ( ap>tm5ts = little *ildr5 c\ld be made p]fectly safe1--:i* is m ?an ! home is4 ,f ! p9s on ! c>pet1 :i* baby puts 9 8 m\?1 ! /airs he falls d[n1 ! w9d[s he falls out ( & ! fire he falls into1 to ! doors to jam ! little f+]s & ! corn]s & furniture he bumps himself ^u1 ! home is full ( dang] to ! *ild4 ,:y %\ld a baby be surr\nd$ ) ^! sup]flu\s evils8 ,a room really design$ = babies to play 9 ne$ h no furniture save a padd$ seat along ! wall = ! gr[n-ups to sit on1 a seat ) little ropes along ! edge = ! toddl]s to pull up & walk by4 ,! floor %\ld be smoo? & ev51 antiseptically clean1 & n h>d en\gh to bump sev]ely4 ,a baby mu/ fall1 b we ne$ n provide cobble/ones = 8 fir/ attempts4 ,l>ge s(t ropes1 runn+ across "h & !re1 )9 rea* ( ! eag]1 /rong little h&s1 w\ld /r5g!n arms & *e/1 & help 9 walk+4 ,a %all[ pool ( wat]1 heat$ to suitable temp]ature1 ) ! c>eful tra9] always at h&1 w\ld delight1 occupy1 & educate = daily h\rs4 ,a place ( clean1 w>m s&1 ano!r ( clay1 ) a few simple tools1--^! f\r ?+s--wat]1 s&1 clay1 & ropes to climb on--w\ld fill ! days ( happy little *ildr5 )\t fur!r toys4 ,^! are simple1 safe1 primitive pleasures1 all helpful to gr[? & a means ( gradual education4 ,! home _c furni% ^! ?+s1 nor c\ld ! "m give h] "t & att5tion to _! safe managem5t1 ev5 if %e knew h[ to tea* swimm+1 modell+1 & o!r rudim5t>y arts4 ,! home1 beside its difficulties & dang]s1 is full ( unnecess>y limitations4 ,x is arrang$ on a scale ( elegance su* z ! adult income c compass2 & ! natural activities ( *ildhood cont9ually injure ! h\sehold decorations & conv5i5ces4 ,p]fectly natural & innoc5t conduct on ! "p ( ! *ild is delet]i\s to ! gr[n-up home1 s pat5tly s t own]s ( f9e h\ses are n will+ to let !m to families ) *ildr54 ,a nice comm5t ?is on ! home z a place = *ildr56 ,mu/ a home be %abby & b>e8 ,or mu/ ! *ild be conf9$ to 8 b$8 ,:y n develope ! home to its own p]fection1--a place ( beauty & com=t & peace1--& let ! *ildr5 h a home ( _! own = "p ( ! day1 :]e9 ! ord] & beauty & com=t are *ild-size8 ,! *ild c\ld sleep "u 8 "m's eye or e>1 & gradually aspire to ! adult table :5 he _h le>n$ h[ to be com=table !re1 & n injure ! com=t ( o!rs4 ,he c\ld soon h 8 own room if ! family c\ld af=d x1 & express 8 p]sonality 9 its arrangem5t2 b ! g5]al wak+ "t ( little *ildr5 c\ld be mu* bett] pass$ 9 a special h\se = *ildr5 ?an 9 ! p>5tal kit*51 p>l\r1 b$room1 or back y>d4 ,b :y n ! private nurs]y1--! sunny room = ! *ild & 8 toys8 ,is n t en\gh8 ,! private nurs]y means ! private nurse1 :o is1 z a class1 unfit to h ! c>e ( little *ildr54 ,%e is a s]vant2 & ! =m+ ideas ( ju/ice1 c\rtesy1 & human rights 9 g5]al1 are mu* injur$ by ! spectacle ( an adult att5dant :o is a social inf]ior4 ,a s]vant is n a prop] p]son to h *>ge ( ^! impressionable ye>s4 ,moreov]1 h[ev] p]fect ! private nurs]y & private nurse might be1 !re rema9s its isolation to injure ! *ild4 ,we gr[ up unnecess>ily selfi%1 abort$ 9 ! social faculties prop] to our /age ( advance1 because ea* *ild is s 9 ! focus ( family att5tion all ! "t4 ,a numb] ( little ones toge!r = "p ( e day1 hav+ _! advantages 9 common1 le>n+ f infancy to say we in/ead ( ,i1 w\ld gr[ up f> bett] able to fill _! places z helpful & happy memb]s ( society4 ,ev5 9 ^? r>e cases :]e ! "m does actually devote h] entire "t to h] *ildr51 x w\ld /ill be bett] = !m to pass "p ( t "t 9 an equally wise & m dispassionate atmosph]e4 ,our babies & small *ildr5 ought to h ! society ( ! v be/ p in/ead ( ! society ( su* l[-grade wom5 z we c hire to be nurses 9 our homes4 ,&1 :ile !y ne$ pre-em95tly ! "m's t5d] love & wat*ful c>e1 !y also ne$ ! wid] ju/ice & l>g] exp]i5ce ( ! g5u9e *ild-tra9]4 ,s long z we s und]rate ! importance ( *ildhood1--& t 9 proportion to ! y\? ( ! *ild1--^? p]sons :o %\ld b5efit our babies by _! pres5ce w n d s4 ,v great & le>n$ m5 are pr\d to tea* y\?s ( eighte5 & tw5ty 9 colleges2 b !y w\ld feel !mselves pa9fully ill-plac$ if set to tea* ! same boys at t51 five1 or two ye>s old4 ,:y8 ,:y %\ld we n be eag] = an introduction to ,pr(essor ,colton/all6 ,he's ! fir/ man 9 ,am]ica 9 infant e?ics6 ,m>vell\s success6 ,y c always tell ! *ildr5 :o h be5 "u him6 ,y _c h ?is pr(essor 9 y\r nurs]y4 ,b y\r *ildr5 & ^? ( fifty o!r eag] p>5ts c\ld be b5efit$ by 8 wisdom1 exp]i5ce1 & exquisitely develop$ skill 9 a place 9 common4 ,! argum5t does n appeal to u4 ,we see no ne$ = wisdom1 exp]i5ce1 tra9$ skill ) a baby4 ,we h n realis$ t we despis$ our babies2 b we d4 ,any "o is good en\gh to take c>e ( !m4 ,we ev5 confide !m to ! c>e ( di/9ctly l[] races1 z 9 ! ,s\? ) its negro nurses4 ,social equality ) ! negro is beyond imag9ation to ! ,s\!rn]4 ,t gross inf]ior race c nev] be admitt$ to _! companion%ip1 b to ! companion%ip ( ! baby--c]ta9ly4 ,c\ld any?+ prove m cle>ly our lack ( j appreciation ( ! importance ( *ildhood8 ,! color$ nurse is1 ( c\rse1 ?\ght ( m]ely z ! s]vant ( ! *ild2 & we d n yet consid] :e!r x is good = a *ild to h a s]vant or :e!r a s]vant is a good educator4 ,! tru? is we nev] ?9k ( education 9 connection ) babyhood1 ! t]m be+ 9 our m9ds inextricably confus$ ) s*ool-h\ses & books4 ,:5 we d hone/ly admit ! pla9 fact t a *ild is be+ educat$ 9 e wak+ h\r by ! conditions 9 :i* he is plac$ & ! p]sons :o are ) him1 we %all be readi] to see ! ne$ ( a high] class ( educators ?an s]vant-girls1 & a m c>efully plann$ environm5t ?an ! accommodations ( ! av]age home4 ,! home is n mat]ially built = ! conv5i5ce ( a *ild1 nor are its necess>y work+s plann$ t way2 &1 :at is m directly evil1 ! "m is n tra9$ = ! position ( educator4 ,we p]si/ 9 conf\nd+ "m & tea*]4 ,! "m's place is h] own1 & always w be4 ,no?+ c take x f h]4 ,%e loves ! *ild ! be/2 &1 if n too s]i\sly ali5at$1 ! *ild w love h] ! be/4 ,! t]ror ( ! "m le/ h] *ild %\ld love "s o!r p]son bett] ?an h]self %[s t %e is afraid ( comp>ison1--t %e visibly fe>s ! great] g5tl5ess & wisdom ( "s tea*] w appeal to ! "y he>t m ?an h] arbitr>y me?ods4 ,if ! "m expect$ to meet daily comp>ison ) a born lov] ( *ildr51 tra9$ 9 ! wise/ me?ods ( *ild-culture1 x w\ld h an improv+ influ5ce on ! home me?ods4 ,"o ( ! great advantages ( ?is arrangem5t w be 9 its reactive effect on ! "m4 ,9 h] free access to ! home ( ! *ildr51 %e w see practically illu/rat$ ! bett] me?ods ( treat+ !m1 & be 9 frequ5t communication ) _! educators4 ,! "m's k ( & previ\s association ) ! *ild w make h] a necess>y coadjutor ) ! tea*]1 & by int]c\rse ) ! l>g] k & wid] exp]i5ce ( ! tea*] ! "m w acquire new po9ts ( view & wis] habits4 ,z ! s*ool & k9d]g>t5 react b5eficially ^u ! home1 s ?is baby-s*ool w react z b5eficially1 & p]haps m s1 z t\*+ ! all-important fir/ ye>s4 ,! isolat$ "m has no advantage ( association or comp>ison1 & falls into c>eless or evil ways ) ! *ild1 :i* contact ) m ?\ghtful outside influ5ces w\ld easily prev5t4 ,%e c\ld easily reta9 h] pre-em95t place 9 ! *ild's affections1 :ile n grudg+ to ! special tea*] h] helpful influ5ce4 ,also1 ! *ild1 ) ! free atmosph]e ( equality ar\nd him = "p ( ea* day1 ) association ) 8 equals 9 _! place1 w\ld return to 8 own place 9 ! home ) a special affection1 & submit ) good w to its necess>y re/rictions4 ,9 all b isolat$ f>m life1 or on ! ev5 m primitive cattle range1 x w\ld be possible to build a home = little *ildr51 & engage suitable p]sons to take *>ge ( !m daily4 ,x w\ld take no m "t f ! h\sework--if t is ! "m's trade--to take ! *ild to its day play-s*ool ?an x takes to wat* & t5d x at home & to prev5t or m5d its mis*ief4 ,*ildr5 are s mis*iev\s1 we compla91 reg>d+ _! +5i\s de/ruction ( ! dome/ic decorations4 ,a calf 9 a fl[]-g>d5 w\ld d consid]able mis*ief1 or kitt5s 9 a dairy4 ,:y seek to re> "y creatures 9 a place :]e !y mu/ d mis*ief if !y behave diff]5tly f gr[n p8 ,:y n provide = !m a place :]e _! natural activities w\ld n be injuri\s1 b educational8 ,9 cities x is a /ill simpl] "q4 ,e block c\ld h its "o or m *ild homes1 accord+ to _! numb] ( *ildr5 !reab\ts4 ,! *ildr5 ( ! ri* w\ld be sav$ f ! evil effects ( too mu* c>e & s]vants' society1 & ! *ildr5 ( ! poor f ! neglect & l[ associations ( _! /reet-br$ lives4 ,! practical "q w n[ arise1 ,:o is to pay = all ?is8 ,!re are two answ]s4 ,"o is1 ,! same p :o pay = ! education ( our old] *ildr54 ,! baby has z good a "r to 8 %>e ( our educational funds1 private & public1 z ! old] *ild2 & 8 education is m important4 ,! o!r answ] is t an able-bodi$ "m1 reliev$ ( h] position z nurs]y gov]ness1 w\ld be able to contribute some?+ t[>d bett] provision = h] *ildr54 ,,vii4 ,,unconsci\s ,,s*ool+4 ,a small boy came f an old-fa%ion$ city1--a city :]e he w5t to s*ool f day to day1 & sat ) 8 fell[s 9 rigid rectangul> r[s1 gaz+ on b>e :itewa%$ walls adorn$ ) a broad /ripe ( blackbo>d2 :]e he did int]m9able sums on a sme>y little slate1 & spell$ 9 s+-song *orus ,bak]6 ,bak]6 b1 a1 bay2 k1 e1 r1 k]1--,bak]6 ,he came to a new-fa%ion$ city1 :]e ! mo/ important bus9ess on e>?--! tra9+ ( *ildr5--0 appreciat$4 ,! small boy did n "k ?is4 ,he saw t ! city 0 clean & bright & full ( wide spaces ( grass & trees2 & he lik$ x4 ,x pleas$ him1 z a *ild3 x 0 ! k9d ( place t look$ z if x _h be5 plann$ ) "s ?\ght ( pleas+ *ildr54 ,soon he came to a great op5 gate1 ) %ady walks & sunny lawns inside1 build+s "h & !re 9 ! di/ance1 &1 j at h&1 "s /range figures among ! bu%es4 ,a pleasant-look+ lady sat read+ 9 ! %ade1 ) a few *ildr5 ly+ 9 ! grass ne> by1 read+1 too4 ,our small boy /ood irresolute2 b ! lady look$ up1 & said3 ,come 91 if y l4 ,look ar\nd all y want to4 ,/ill he felt %y2 b "o ( ! read+ little boys rose up1 & w5t to him4 ,come on1 he said *e]fully4 ,i'll %[ y4 ,!re's lots o' ?+s y'll l4 ,oh1 come on6 ,s he ent]$ ) unc]ta9 /eps1 & made = "o ( ! que] figures he _h se5 9 ! %rubb]y4 ,x's an ,indian6 he said4 ,l a cig> /ore6 ,b ! resid5t little boy res5t$ 8 comp>ison4 ',tisn't1 ei!r6 cri$ he4 ,x's ev] s mu* nic]6 ,look at 8 moccas9s & 8 arr[s1 & see ! scalps 9 8 belt6 ,see ! way he's pa9t$8 ,t %[s he's a ,si\x4 ,!y are great4 ,"o ( ! be/ k9ds4 ,!y live up 9 ! ,nor?-we/1--,m9nesota & r\nd !re2 & !y fight spl5did6 ,t "o ov] !re is a ,yuma ,indian4 ,look at ! diff]5ce6 ,& he took ! visitor ab\t1 & %[$ him an int]e/+ collection ( samples ( ,am]ican tribes1 giv+ (f riv]s ( in=mation ) evid5t delight4 ,f ,indians _! att5tion 0 tak5 by a peculi>ly h&some butt]fly t flutt]$ ne> !m1 pursu$ hotly by an eag] little girl ) a net4 ,t mu/ be a--well1 ,i =get ! "n1 said ! resid5t little boy4 ,d y l bugs8 ,:at k9d o' bugs8 inquir$ ! visitor1 r suspici\sly4 ,oh1 tumble bugs & bury+ beetles & walk+-/icks1 & all k9ds4 ,walk+-/icks6 ,:at's t got to d ) bugs8 ,didn't y ev] see ! walk+-/ick "o8 ,oh1 come on 96 ,i'll %[ y6 ,x's ?is way4 ,& (f !y run to a big rambl+ build+ among ! %ady elms4 ,! visitor hangs back1 some:at aw$ by ! size & spl5d\r ( ! place1 & see+ gr[n p ab\t2 b 8 "y guide goes 9 un*eck$1 m]ely :isp]+1 ,got to keep /ill 9 "h1 & leads him d[n sev]al passages into a l>ge1 quiet hall1 l9$ ) glass cases4 ,su* a weal? ( bugs z 7 "h exhibit$ _h nev] be=e be5 se5 by ! a/oni%$ visitor2 b1 :5 ! walk+-/ick insect 0 po9t$ out to him1 he /\tly d5i$ t x 0 a bug at all4 ,a :isp]$ alt]cation result$ 9 appeal to ! curator1 a /udi\s y\?1 :o 0 tak+ notes at a l>ge table be/rewn ) specim5s4 ,in/antly dropp+ 8 "w1 he took ! object "u discussion f its case1 focuss$ a magnify+ glass ^u x1 & proce$$ to exhibit v>i\s features ( insect anatomy1 & talk ab\t !m mo/ int]e/+ly4 ,b1 z soon z he detect$ ! fir/ signs ( inatt5tion & we>9ess1 he *ang$ ! subject1--sugge/$ t !re 0 "s good t>get practice go+ on 9 ! ,we/ ,field2 & ! two boys1 aft] a pleasant walk1 jo9$ a numb] ( o!rs :o 7 %oot+ ) b[s & arr[s1 "u c>eful coa*+ & managem5t4 ,i c't %oot except ,saturdays1 said ! guide1 because ,i hav5't jo9$ a team & practis$4 ,b1 if y want to1 y j put y\r "n d[n2 & by & by y c hit any?+4 ,!re's all k9ds ( old-fa%ion$ weapons--& ! new ones1 too4 ,:at d y call ?is1 anyh[8 dem&s ! visitor4 ,call :at8 ,?is is ! ,we/ ,field3 !y d all k9ds ( %oot+ "h4 ,y see t long bank & wall /ops ev]y?+4 ,yes1--b ! :ole place1--is x a p>k8 ,oh1 yes1 k9d (4 ,x's ,weyb\rne ,g>d54 ,& t 0 ! museum we w5t to1--"o ( 'em4 ,is x op5 always8 ,yes4 ,& y don't h to pay = any?+8 ,no4 ,?is "p is = *ildr54 ,we le>n h[ to d all sorts ( ?+s4 ,d y "k h[ to build ) bricks8 ,i le>n$ t la/4 ,i built a piece ( a real wall4 ,x's n "h4 ,x 0 "o t 0 brok5 on ! o!r side1 & ,i built a good piece 96 ,a big clock /ruck some:]e4 ,n[ ,i mu/ g to d9n] ) "m1 said ! guide4 ,! gate y came 9 at is on my way4 ,come on6 ,& he %[$ ! wond]+ visitor out1 & left him at 8 own door4 ,! "y /rang] did n "k :]e he _h be54 ,he did n fa9tly imag9e x4 ,nei!r1 = t matt]1 did ! o!r *ildr51 :o w5t !re e day1 & ) :om he pres5tly f\nd himself enroll$4 ,!y w5t to c]ta9 places at c]ta9 h\rs1 because !y 7 only op5 !n ) ! p]sons pres5t :o %[$ !m h[ to d desirable ?+s4 ,!re 7 _m p>ks 9 ! city1 ) diff]5t build+s & dep>tm5ts2 & 9 !m1 day by day1 )\t ev] kn[+ x1 ! *ildr5 ( t city w5t to s*ool4 ,! progressive education ( a *ild %\ld be1 z f> z possible1 unconsci\s4 ,f 8 fir/ eag] int]e/ 9 almo/ ev]y?+1 up along ! gradually n>r[+ l9es ( p]sonal specialisation1 ea* *ild %\ld be l$ ) ! lea/ possible wa/e ( "t & n]v\s en]gy4 ,!re w\ld be difficulties en\gh1 z !re are difficulties 9 le>n+ ev5 desirable games2 b ! *ild w\ld meet ! difficulties because he want$ to "k ! ?+1 & ga9 /r5g? )\t los+ int]e/4 ,s soon z a *ild-h\se is built & education se5 to beg9 9 e>lie/ babyhood1 s soon z we beg9 to plan a beautiful & delicately adju/$ environm5t = our *ildr51 9 :i* l9e & col\r & s\nd & t\* are all made av5ues ( easy unconsci\s le>n+1 we %all f9d t !re is no %>p break betwe5 home & s*ool4 ,9 ! baby-g>d5 ! baby w le>n _m ?+s1 & nev] "k x4 ,9 ! k9d]g>t5 ! little *ild w le>n _m ?+s1 & nev] "k x4 ,he w be glad & pr\d ( 8 new p[]s1 com+ back to %>e ! a/oni%+ new in=mation or exhibit ! new skill to papa & mamma2 b he w n be consci\s ( any task 9 all ! "t1 or ( special cr$it = 8 p]=mance4 ,!n1 z he gr[s1 ! g>d5 gr[s1 too2 & he f9ds himself a little wis]1 a little /rong]1 a little m skilful e day--or w\ld if he /opp$ to measure4 ,b he does n measure4 ,8 private home is happy & easy1 ) a fa!r & "m int]e/$ 9 all 8 progress2 & 8 l>g] home--! *ild-_w he gr[s up 9--is s dom9at$ by wise1 subtle educational influ5ces t he goes on le>n+ always1 /udy+ a good deal1 yet nev] go+ to s*ool4 ,9 ! wise treatm5t ( 8 babyhood1 all 8 natural faculties are all[$ to develope 9 ord] & to _! full ext5t1 s t he comes to a l>g] range ( exp]im5t & m difficult examples ) a smoo?-work+1 well-develop$ "y m9d1 unwe>i$ & unafraid4 ,! legitimate !ories ( ! k9d]g>t5 c>efully work$ out help$ him on ?r\gh ! next ye>s 9 ! same ord]ly progression2 &1 z a *ild ( five or six1 he 0 able to walk1 op5-ey$ & obs]vant1 into wid] fields ( k4 ,always c\rte\s & intellig5t speciali/s ar\nd him1 8 m5tal processes wat*$ & tra9$ z wisely z 8 /urdy little body1 & a c>eful record kept1 by ^! exp]i5c$ obs]v]s1 ( 8 relative capacity & rate ( developm5t4 ,s he gradually le>ns t common /ock ( human k :i* x is well = u all to %>e1--! /ory ( ! build+ ( ! e>?1 ! budd+ ( ! plant1 ! bir? ( ! animal1 ! beautiful unfold+ ( ! human race1 f savag]y t[>d civilisation4 ,he le>ns ! rudim5ts ( ! five great h&icrafts1 & c "w a little 9 wood1 9 metal1 9 clay1 9 clo?1 & 9 /one4 ,he le>ns ! beg9n+s ( ! sci5ces1 ) exp]im5t & /ory1 & f9ds new wond]s to lead him on1 no matt] h[ f> he goes1--an un5d+ fasc9ation4 ,= 8 sci5ces he goes to ! museum1 ! laboratory1 & ! field1 gr\ps ( *ildr5 hav+ ab\t ! same degree ( in=mation fall+ toge!r "u ! same tea*]4 ,= ! necess>y "w ) p5 & p5cil !re are quiet rooms provid$4 ,he has look$ =w>d to "s ( ^! f babyhood1 see+ ! old] ones g !re4 ,ea* *ild has be5 "u c>eful obs]vation & record f ! v fir/4 ,8 special int]e/s1 8 pref]r$ me?ods1 8 p[]s & weaknesses1 are wat*$ & work$ ) c>efully z he gr[s4 ,if p[] ( att5tion 0 weak at fir/1 he is giv5 special "w to develope x4 ,if obs]vation 0 loose & inaccurate1 t 0 lab\r$ )4 ,if ! reason+ faculty work$ ) difficulty1 x 0 ex]cis$ m c>efully4 ,he has be5 "u su* tra9+ f babyhood to twelve or fifte5 ye>s old z to give a full & co-ord9ate developm5t ( 8 faculties1--all ( !m2 & su* a g5]al grasp ( ! ma9 l9es ( k z to make possible cle> *oice ( ! l9es ( /udy = :i* he is be/ adapt$4 ,) su* a *ildhood ! y\? w h mu* m p[] ( le>n+1 & a deep & gr[+ int]e/--an unbrok5 int]e/--9 8 "w4 ,! natural desire ( mank9d to "k1 & also to tea*1 & ! /eadily enl>g+ field ( k op5 to u1 %\ld make education ! mo/ delightful ( processes4 ,) our pres5t me?ods ! place ( tea*] is usually s\ght m]ely = its meagre sal>y1 by wom5 :o h to "w1 in/ead ( be+ eag]ly aspir$ to z ! noble/ ( pr(essions1 & only op5 to ^? be/ fitt$4 ,! *ildr5 are s ov]tax$ & mi%&l$ t only ! be/ intellects come out ) any fur!r desire to le>n any?+4 ,humanity's progress is made ?r\gh bra9-improvem5t1 by bra9-p[]4 ,we ne$ su* s*ool+ z %all give u bett] bra9s & un9jur$ bodies4 ,=tunately = u1 ! value ( education is widely felt to-day1 & new & improv$ me?ods are rapidly com+ 94 ,our s*ool-h\ses are m beautiful1 our tea*]s bett] tra9$ & m ambiti\s1 & ! b5efic5t influ5ces ( ! k9d]g>t5 & ( ! manual tra9+ sy/em are felt ev]y:]e4 ,b1 :ile mu* is be+ done1 mu* m rema9s = u4 ,) su* hon\r & su* pay z %[ our respect = ! (fice ( tea*]1 & su* requir$ tra9+ & natural capacity z %all all[ ( no incapables1 we c\ld surr\nd our *ildr5 f bir? ) ! /eady influ5ce ( ! wise/ & be/ p4 ,m & m to-day is ! s*ool op5+ out4 ,x connects ) ! public libr>y1 ) art & indu/ry1 ) ! op5 fields2 & ?is w g on till ! "t is rea*$ :5 ! *ild does n "k t he is at s*ool1--he is always !re1 & yet nev] kn[s x4 ,:]e resid5ce 0 p]man5t1 ! tea*]s ( diff]5t grades c\ld con/antly comp>e _! gr[+ records1 & ! *ild's unfold+ be wat*$ /eadily1 & not$ ) a view to /ill fur!r improvem5t 9 me?od4 ,travell+ p>ties ( *ildr5 are n unkn[n to u4 ,^! w become m common1 until e *ild %all "k 8 e>? face to face1--m\nta91 riv]1 lake1 & sea1--& ga9 "s idea ( political division z well4 ,two ma9 objections to all ?is w arise at once3 "o1 t ( exp5se2 ! o!r1 t a *ild s tra9$ w\ld n h le>n$ to apply himself1--to =ce himself to d :at he did n l1--t x 0 all too easy4 ,! gr\nd ( too mu* exp5se _c be held4 ,no?+ is too exp5sive t really improves education2 = su* improvem5t cuts (f all ! wa/e product ( society1--! defective & deg5]ate1 ! cripple1 ?ief1 & fool1 & saves millions ^u millions n[ sp5t 9 ma9ta9+ or re/ra9+ ^! injuri\s classes4 ,n only t1 b x z /eadily developes ! work+ value ( humanity1 turn+ out m & m vigor\s & orig9al ?9k]s & do]s to multiply our weal? & pleasure4 ,grant ! usefulness ( improv$ me?ods 9 education1 & !y c nev] be exp5sive4 ,ev5 to-day ! s*ool-*ildr5 become f> bett] class ( citiz5s ?an ! /reet ,arabs :o d n g to s*ool2 & su* s*ool advantages z we h l[] our exp5se 9 h&l+ crime & disease4 ,:5 we provide = e *ild ! v be/ education1--real education ( body1 bra91 & s\l1--) ! tra9$ h& & eye to d :at ! tra9$ w & judgm5t comm&1 x is difficult to see :]e ! crim9al class is to come f4 ,z to its be+ too easy1 & n develop+ suffici5tly /]n /uff 9 our y\ng/]s1 t has two answ]s4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ?is propos$ l9e ( advance is n )\t its difficulties4 ,:e!r a *ild is le>n+ to sew or to %oot or to lay bricks1 to solve examples 9 fractions or to play *ess1 !re are always difficulties4 ,to le>n :at y don't "k is always a /ep up4 ,b :y ne$ we add to ?is ! difficulty ( mak+ ! *ild dislike ! "w8 ,because x is necess>y 9 ?is _w to d :at y don't l6 is ! triumphant rejo9d]4 ,?is is an enorm\s mi/ake4 ,x is necess>y 9 ?is _w to l :at y d1 if y are to d any?+ wor? :ile4 ,"o ( ! bigge/ ( all our tr\bles is t s _m ( u are pati5tly & we>ily do+ :at we d n l4 ,x is a con/ant injury to ! individual1 dra9+ 8 n]v\s /r5g? & leav+ him m easily affect$ by disease or temptation2 & x is a con/ant injury to society1 because ! "w we d n l to d is n z good z x w\ld be if we lik$ x4 ,! k9d ( =c+ we use 9 our educational processes1 ! att5tion paid to :at does n int]e/1 ! foll[+ ( requir$ l9es ( /udy irrespective ( incl9ation1--^! act to blunt & l[] our natural incl9ations1 & leave u ) ?is mis*iev\s capacity = do+ :at we d n l4 ,a heal?y *ild1 rightly surr\nd$ ) attractive opportunities1 ! /imulus ( association1 & natural 7n =c$7 competition1 w want to le>n ! ?+s mo/ g5]ally necess>y1 j z he wants to le>n ! pr9cipal games 8 comrades play4 ,he has 8 fav\rite games1 & does be/ 9 !m1 & w h 8 fav\rite /udies & d be/ 9 !m1 :i* is no injury to any "o4 ,9 ?is unconsci\s me?od ! *ild le>ns ) p]sonal int]e/ & pleasure1 & n "u pressure ( class competition1 rew>d1 or puni%m5t4 ,he kn[s1 ( c\rse1 t he is le>n+1 z he kn[s :5 he has le>n$ to swim or to play golf2 b he is n labori\sly go+ to s*ool & /udy+ aga9/ 8 w4 ,! b5efit ( su* a process is t x w supply ! _w ) "y citiz5s ( unimpair$ m5tal vig\r1 orig9al p[]s & ta/es1 & /rong special int]e/s1 ?us multiply+ ! value & di/9ction ( our products1 & ma9ta9+ ! heal? & happ9ess ( ! produc]4 ,z a matt] ( practical introduction1 we are already mov+ 9 ?is direction1 ) ! laboratory me?od1 ! natural sci5ces n[ taught s widely1 & all ! new impetus ?r\gh ! /udy ( p$agogy4 ,b ^? mo/ capable & mo/ int]e/$1 ^? :o see ! value ( ?is tr5d & are do+ all !y c to promote x1 are mo/ ke5ly consci\s ( ! difficulties :i* /ill confront !m4 ,^! difficulties are n f> to seek4 ,!y lie 9 ! indiff]5ce1 ! crim9al indiff]5ce1 ( our citiz5s1 notably ! wom54 ,sunk 9 ! con/ant contemplation ( _! own families1 our female citiz5s let ! days & ye>s pass by1 utt]ly ignor+ _! civic duties4 ,:ile wom5 are support$ by m51 !y h m "t to sp>e = su* broad int]e/s ?an m5 h2 & "o w\ld naturally ?9k t ev5 ! l[e/ s5se ( hon\r w\ld lead !m to "s =m ( public usefulness 9 return = ?is immunity4 ,z ! ,engli% nobleman--! consci5ti\s "o--sees 9 8 weal? & leisure1 8 opportunities = /udy & cultivation1 only a heavy obligation to s]ve ! ,/ate :i* s well s]ves him1 s %\ld our wom5 ( leisure--! ?\s&s ( !m--feel 9 _! free & %elt]$ lives a glori\s compulsion to s]ve ! be/ int]e/s ( t society :i* ma9ta9s !m4 ,! c>e ( *ildr5 is c]ta9ly ! duty ( wom54 ,! be/ c>e ( *ildr5 means ! be/ education4 ,! woman :o has n done h] be/ to improve ! educational advantages ( h] city1 ,/ate & c\ntry1--( ! _w1--has n done h] duty z a citiz5 or z a woman4 ,&1 z education comes ?r\gh e impression receiv$ by ! *ild1 we mu/ improve home & /reet & city & all ! p1 to make a clean1 safe1 beautiful _w1 9 :i* our *ildr5 may receive ! unconsci\s s*ool+ to :i* !y h a "r4 ,,viii4 ,,presumptu\s ,,age4 ,! ineffable presumption ( ag$ p]sons is an affliction too long endur$4 ,mu* is told u ( ! becom+ mode/y ( y\?4 ,is no mode/y becom+ a p]iod ( life :5 exp]i5ce has giv5 "s measure to m]it8 ,:y %\ld y\? be mode/8 ,y\? believes x c d all ?+s1 & has _h no pro( to ! contr>y4 ,b age1--age :i* has tri$ _m times & be5 met by failure2 age1 :i* has le>n$ its limitation by repeat$ bl[s1 & become cont5t ) h>d-worn compromise1--:y %\ld age be s pr\d8 ,9 itself x is no di/9ction1 be+ b ! common lot ( man4 ,^? :o d n atta9 to x are by g5]al cons5t ( sup]ior m]it4 ,:om ! gods love die "y4 ,age is n desir$ & /riv5 =1--n won by hon\rable ef=t4 ,x comes gradually ^u u all1 fall+ l ra9 ^u ! j & ! unju/4 ,tak5 simply 9 itself1 x proves no m ?an t ! ag$ individual1 if a man1 has _h suffici5t /r5g? & +5uity to keep himself alive2 &1 if a woman1 t %e has be5 suffici5tly pleas+ & well-behav$ to be kept alive by o!rs4 ,9 v e>ly times1 :5 ! _w 0 "y & life m excit+ & prec>i\s ?an n[1 p]haps ! above qualities 7 a suffici5t di/9ction4 ,! con/itution :i* surviv$ ! rig\rs ( a crude & unc]ta9 diet & ( an undilut$ climate 0 a ?+ to be pr\d (2 & ! visible pro( t "o _h surviv$ "o's enemies did indicate "s sup]iority4 ,b 9 a civilisation :i* takes special c>e ( ! infirm1--:]e gre5 "y cripples gr[ to a ripe old age1 & a b$-ridd5 paup] may outlive _m muscul> lab\r]s1--m]e prolongation ( exi/5ce is no self-evid5t pro( ( ei!r p[] or wisdom4 ,( two m5 born 9 ! same ye>1 ! m valuable man1 do+ m valuable "w1 is q z likely to die z an innocu\s1 futile1 l[-grade p]son1 paddl+ feebly ) ! tide4 ,( two wom51 "o may smil+ly repeat h]self by ! doz51 & drift sweetly on f amiable juv5ility to z amiable s5ility2 :ile ano!r1 work+ /r5u\sly & effectively1 dies 9 h] e>ne/ y\? or middle age4 ,survival is no long] a fair te/ ( value4 ,! wisdom ( ! anci5ts is n ! /&>d ( our "t4 ,we d n ?9k t a previ\s c5tury kn[s m ?an ours1 b r less2 &1 if ,me?uselah 7 ) u yet1--& reta9$ 8 faculties1--he w\ld be too mu* confus$ betwe5 ! ?+s he us$ to believe & :at he 0 le>n+ n[ to be a valuable au?ority4 ,:5 le>n+ 0 b accumulat$ tradition1 ! old _h an advantage ov] ! "y1 & improv$ x4 ,n[ t le>n+ is discov]y1 ! "y h an advantage ov] ! old4 ,if wisdom consi/$ m]ely 9 ! accumulation ( facts1 ! long-"t obs]v] w\ld assur$ly h m ( !m ?an ! new-com]4 ,b ! wisdom t consi/s 9 a free & unbiass$ judgm5t--a new p]ception ( ! relation ( ?+s--comes bett] f a fre%] bra94 ,?is is n to say t age may n coexi/ ) sup]iority1 b t age1 p] se1 is n sup]iority4 ,!re are _m ag$ p]sons 9 ! "w-h\se :o are q visibly inf]ior to _m "y p]sons 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons4 ,?is sugge/s a pa9ful anti!sis :i* is bett] omitt$4 ,grant+ ! orig9 ( ?is arrogance ( ! ag$ to h _h "s basis 9 primitive "t1 x is easy to see h[ x has desc5d$ to u by ! same pr9ciple t ma9ta9s ! fag sy/em4 ,humanity has always its ov]lapp+ g5]ations2 & ! *ild :o is cru%$ by ! incontrov]tible /atem5t1 ,i am old] ?an y are6 waits to rec\p himself on *ildr5 yet to be4 ,9 8 subord9ate position 9 y\? he has no *ance to escape f ?is inju/ice or to retaliate2 & he /rikes a balance ) fate by assum+ ! same sup]iority ov] ! new-com]4 ,x is probable t we %\ld nev] outgr[ ! assumption until we h a g5]ation ( *ildr5 taught to respect conduct = its m]its1 n = simple duration1 hold+ a wise1 /rong1 good p]son1 h[ev] "y1 to be sup]ior to an ignorant or vici\s "o1 h[ev] old4 ,:5 ! s5se ( ju/ice & ! s5se ( logic ( ! *ild are n outrag$ 9 y\?1 we %all f9d m mode/y z well z m wisdom 9 old age4 ,x is always int]e/+ to see our psy*ic developm5t foll[+ ! laws ( nature1 l any o!r gr[?4 ,"u ! law ( in]tia ! human m9d1 />t+ "u a giv5 concept1 cont9ues to enl>ge 9 t direction1 unless arre/$ or div]t$ 9 "s o!r =ce4 ,s ?is conception ( age z ess5tial sup]iority1 naturally en\gh begun1 has be5 foll[$ to /range & injuri\s extremes4 ,& "u ! law ( cons]vation ( en]gy--foll[+ ! l9e ( lea/ resi/ance--! ag$ naturally encroa*$ ^u ! "y1 :o 7 able to make no resi/ance :atev]4 ,! respect & c>e = ag$ p]sons1 :i* is s di/+ui%+ a m>k ( advanc$ civilisation1 is due to two ?+s3 fir/1 ! prolong$ s]viceability ( p>5ts2 &1 second1 ! social relation :i* all[s ( usefulness to ev5 ! v old4 ,9 an e>ly savage tribe ! eld]ly p>5t is ( no special value to ! newly matur$ "y1 & ! tribal s]vice has m use = juv5ile w>riors ?an = ! anci5t ones3 :]e=e ! old folk are ( small acc\nt1 & d n meet mu* enc\ragem5t to prolong$ liv+4 ,b ) u1 ?\gh ! *ild is gr[n q suffici5tly to hunt & fight & reproduce 8 k9d1 he is n yet prop]ly equipp$ = ! social s]vice4 ,he ne$s m ye>s yet ( p>5tal assi/ance :ile he accumulates k 9 8 pr(ession or skill 9 8 trade4 ,!re=e1 p>5tage is a long] & m elaborate op]ation ) u ?an ) l[] races1 animal or human1 & ! p>5t consequ5tly m appreciat$4 ,?is position is fondly tak5 advantage ( by ! design+ ag$1 (t-times ) a pi\s belief 9 _! righte\s gr\nd :i* is mo/ conv9c+4 ,because ! human p>5t is ( f> m s]vice to ! "y ?an e>li] p>5ts1 !re=e our eld]s calmly assume t x is ! duty ( ! "y to provide = & s]ve !m1--n only to r5d] !m natural assi/ance :5 real incapacity comes1 b to alt] ! c\rse ( _! "y & useful lives to suit ! wi%es ( ! old4 ,among poor & degrad$ classes we see *ildr5 e>ly set to "w = ! p>5ts in/ead ( p>5ts work+ = ! *ildr51--a position z unnatural z = a h5 to eat eggs4 ,life is n a %ort circle1 a pat5t self-fe$]4 ,! bus9ess ( ! h5 is to hat* ! egg1 & ( ! egg to gr[ to ano!r & diff]5t h51--n to turn r\nd & sacrificially n\ri% ! previ\s f[l4 ,! duty ( ! p>5t is a deep-seat$1 natural law4 ,)\t ! p>5t's c>e ( ! *ild1 no race1 no life4 ,! duty ( ! *ild to ! p>5t 0 l>gely inv5t$ by p>5ts1 f motives ( natural self-int]e/1 & has be5 s long sanction$ & practis$ t we look on )\t a %udd] & see a heal?y middle-ag$ "m calmly swall[+ ! life ( h] gr[+ daught]4 ,a girl is tw5ty-"o4 ,%e has be5 prop]ly re>$ by h] "m1 :om we w suppose to be a wid[4 ,be+ tw5ty-"o1 ! girl is old en\gh to beg9 to live h] own life1 & naturally wi%es to4 ,i d n speak ( m>ry+1--t is g5]ally all[$1--b ( s /udy+ & work+ z to develope a wide1 useful life ( h] own 9 case %e does n m>ry4 ,n s1 says h] "m4 ,y\r duty is to /ay ) me4 ,i ne$ y4 ,n[ ! "m is n b$-ridd54 ,%e is1 we w say1 an able-bodi$ woman ( =ty-five or fifty4 ,%e c\ld easily occupy h]self 9 "o ( sev]al trades2 b1 be+ 9 possession ( a h\se & a t9y income1 %e does n h to "w4 ,%e pref]s to live 9 t h\se1 on t income1 & h h] daught] live ) h]4 ,! daught] pref]s to g to ,new ,york1 & /udy music or art or dressmak+1 :atev] %e is fit =4 ,b "h is h] de> "m claim+ h] pres5ce at home z a duty2 & %e gives x4 ,%e does h] duty1 liv+ !re ) h] "m 9 ! capacity (--( :at8 ,9 no capacity at all4 ,fancy a "y man liv+ at home 9 ! capacity ( a son1 ) no bett] occupation ?an du/+ ! p>l\r & arrang+ fl[]s6 ,9 c\rse ( "t ! "m dies4 ,! daught] has lo/ h] position z a daught]1 & has no o!r place 9 life4 ,%e has nev] be5 all[$ to =m "p ( ! liv+ organism ( society1 & rema9s a )]$ (f%oot1 weak & fruitless4 ,^! cases are common en\gh4 ,b consid] f ano!r po9t ( view ! s]5e presumption ( ! eld] woman4 ,because %e _h done--s f>--h] duty by ! *ild t 01 %e n[ claims a cont9u\s hold on ! gr[n woman & a return = h] s]vices4 ,9 /ill e>li] days ?is claim 0 made ev5 m /r5u\sly4 ,! *ild awe-fully address$ ! fa!r z au?or ( my be+1 & 0 suppos$ to owe him ev]y?+4 ,! *ild does n owe ! p>5t4 ,p>5tal duty is n a loan4 ,x is ! nev]-end+ gift ( nature1--an unbrok51 outp\r+ riv] ( love & lab\r f ! e>lie/ beg9n+s ( life4 ,! *ild1 :ile a *ild1 has also "s duty to ! p>5t2 b ev5 !re x is reflex1 & bas$ 9 la/ analysis on ! *ild's advantage4 ,mean:ile x is a poor p>5t :o _c w9 ! affection & comm& ! respect ( ! "y creature gr[+ up s ne>1 s t a beautiful relation %all be e/abli%$ betwe5 !m = ! re/ ( life4 ,?is love & hone/ admiration1 ?is affectionate fri5dl9ess1 & all ! ties ( long association w\ld naturally prompt ! *ild to desire ! society ( ! p>5t1 &1 ( c\rse1 to provide = illness & old age2 b t is a v diff]5t position f ! "o tak5 by an able-bodi$1 middle-ag$ p>5t dem&+ ! surr5d] ( a "y life4 ,p>5tage is n a pr(ession ) a sort ( mutual insurance return to x4 ,! claim t humanity is born saddl$ ) ?is retroactive obligation requires m conv9c+ pro( ?an has yet be5 (f]$4 ,an obligation we all h1 "y & old1--& to ?is ! *ild %\ld be tra9$1--! va/ & endless s]vice ( humanity1 to :i* our lives are pl$g$ )\t exception4 ,see+ ! p>5t dev\t 9 ?is hon\rable dis*>ge ( duty1--realis+ t 8 own tra9+ is ) a view to t great] s]vice :5 he is gr[n1--! *ild w\ld g onw>d 9 life ) ! p>5t1 n backw>d to him4 ,b we h n yet =gott5 ! habits & traditions ( ! patri>*ate4 ,we dem& f ! "y respect because we are old]1 n because we des]ve x4 ,respect is a ?+ :i* is extort$ willy-nilly by ^? :o des]ve x1 & :i* _c be giv5 at w4 ,if a p>5t loses 8 temp] & talks fooli%ly1 h[ c a *ild respect ?is weakness8 ,to dem& respectful treatm5t %[s "o _c comm& x2 &1 if x is n comm&$1 x _c be _h4 ,any false assumption is a block to progress4 ,s long z ! ag$ expect to be look$ up to on acc\nt ( ! l5g? ( "t 9 :i* !y h n di$1 s long w !y ignore ^? habits ( life :i* %\ld insure rev]5ce & love at any age4 ,p ought to be liv+ ) wise =e?\ght & circumspection1 9 ord] t !y may be respect$ :5 old1--n c>elessly lull$ ) ! com=t+ belief t1 no matt] h[ fooli% !y are1 age w br+ dignity4 ,s1 too1 if p>5ts did n s fatu\sly dem& respect m]ely because !y are p>5ts1 b w\ld see to x t !y des]ve & w9 respect by su* visible p[] & wisdom z ! *ild mu/ b[ to1 we might look = a mu* quick] advance 9 ^! desirable qualities4 ,! p[] ( le>n+ ?+s does n cease at maturity4 ,_m a great m9d has gone on to extreme old age1 op51 eag]1 /eadily add+ to its /ore ( light & p[]4 ,su* keep ! fre%ness & ! mode/y ( y\?4 ,f> m num]\s are ! little m9ds :i* imag9e t ye>s are equival5t to wisdom1 &1 because !y are gr[n up1 decl9e to le>n fur!r4 ,yet ^!1 f> m ?an ! wise m51 sit back complac5t on _! age1 & talk ) f9ality ( my exp]i5ce6 ,exp]i5ce is n m]ely keep+ alive4 ,exp]i5ce involves ?+s happ5+ & ?+s done4 ,_m a "y man ( to-day has done m & felt m ?an a peaceful1 /ation>y nonag5>ian ( ye/]day's rural life4 ,t v bra%ness & self-assumption ( hot y\?1 :i* br+s s complac5t & sup]ior a smile to ! *eek ( age1 w\ld n be s prom95t b = previ\s suppression & contemptu\s treatm5t4 ,a l(ty & sup]cili\s age makes a ra% & incauti\s y\?2 b y\?1 tra9$ to e>ly fre$om & its ri* & in/ructive puni%m5ts1 w\ld gr[ to an agreeable age1 mode/ ) mu* wisdom1 t5d] & consid]ate ) long p[]4 ,,ix4 ,,! ,,respect ,,due ,,to ,,y\?4 ,s9ce we h s c>efully & ?or\ghly beat5 back ! new bra9-gr[? :i* %\ld di/+ui% ea* successive g5]ation1 & fo/]$ 9 e way ! primitive m5tal habits ( our =efa!rs1 ! natural consequ5ce is a prolong$ survival ( v e>ly t5d5cies4 ,outside1 9 ! necess>y contact & fre$om ( ! _w's life1 crude ideas mu/ *ange1 & ei!r become suit$ to ! times or lo/ entirely4 ,b 9 ! privacy ( ! home1 "u ! conditions ( family life & ! dom9ant influ5ce ( fem99e cons]vatism1 we f9d a gr\p ( c>efully *]i%$ rudim5ts :i* nev] c\ld h surviv$ )\t su* isolation4 ,among primitive races ! /rang] is an object ( legitimate d]ision4 ,! diff]5ces 9 8 spee* & mann] are held z visible inf]iorities1 & 8 attempts to assimilate are greet$ ) un*eck$ m]rim5t4 ,?is attitude ( m9d is /ill common 9 *ildr51 :o are pass+ ?r\gh ! same /age ( culture individually4 ,among intellig5t & well-br$ gr[n p su* an attitude ( m9d is rightly despis$4 ,to !m ! /rang] is entitl$ to respectful consid]ation because he is a /rang]2 & no?+ c\ld be rud]1 9 ! e/imation ( su* p]sons1 ?an to laugh at ! /rang]'s ef=ts to le>n our language & mann]s4 ,h[ great is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is common good bre$+ 9 ! _w at l>ge & ! b>b>ic crudity ( our behavi\r at home to t mo/ sacr$ /rang]1 ! *ild6 ,he comes to u absolutely ignorant ( our me?ods ( liv+1 be !y wise or unwise2 & he mu/ ne$s le>n e /ep ( 8 way 9 ! pa?s we h prep>$ = him4 ,un=tunately1 we h prep>$ v little4 ,a few physical conv5i5ces1 p]haps1 9 ! way ( high *airs & cradles1 or nurs+-bottles to supplem5t mat]nal defici5cy2 b 9 psy*ic conv5i5ces--9 any bett] recognition ( ! *ildi% attitude ( m9d & its natural difficulties--we make small progress4 ,calm1 wond]+1 unafraid1 ! /rang] ent]s ! family circle4 ,he has no p]spective1 no gradations ( feel+ 9 reg>d to ! p]=mances he f9ds go+ on ab\t him4 ,he has nei!r %ame = ! tru?s ( real life nor respect = ! falsehoods ( artificial life4 ,9 sob]ness & eag] int]e/ he beg9s ! my/]i\s game ( liv+4 ,n[ :at is ! attitude ( ! family t[>d ?is new-com]8 ,h[ does ! intellig5t adult treat ! /rang] )9 8 gates8 ,he treats him ) frequ5t ridicule & g5]al gross disrespect4 ,n unk9dly1 p]haps1--t is1 n ) ang] & bl[s or undue deprivations1--b z if be+ a *ild 0 a sort ( joke4 ,a heal?y *ild is m]ry ) ! free good spirits ( a spr+-tide lamb2 b t pure mir? has no?+ 9 common ) ridicule4 ,:o ( u has n se5 a cle>-ey$ *ild /ruck dumb & crimson by ! rude laught] ( 8 eld]s ov] "s act :i* _h no elem5t ( hum\r except t x 0 new to him8 ,we put gr&pa's hat on ! d[ny head ( ! baby1 & ro> ) laught] at 8 appe>ance4 ,d we put baby's cap on gr&ma1 & !n make fun ( ! old lady's looks8 ,:y %\ld we je] at a baby m ?an at an old p]son8 ,:y are we s lack+ 9 ! respect due to y\?8 ,e *ild has to le>n ! language he is born to4 ,x is c]ta9 t he w make mi/akes 9 ! process1 especially z he is n taught x by any wise sy/em1 b blund]s into :at usage he c grasp f day to day4 ,n[1 if an adult =eign] 7 le>n+ our language1 & we greet$ 8 ef=ts ) yells ( laught]1 we %\ld ?9k ourselves grossly rude4 ,& :at %\ld we ?9k ( ourselves if we fur!r misl$ him by sett+ absurd words & phrases be=e him1 enc\rag+ him to fur!r blund]s1 t we might laugh ! m2 & !n1 if we _h visitors1 incit+ him to make ^! blund]s ov] aga9 to ent]ta9 ! company8 ,yet ?is is common h\sehold sport1 s long z !re is a little *ild to act z zany = ! amusem5t ( 8 eld]s4 ,! errors ( a *ild are n legitimate gr\nds ( hum\r1 ev5 to ^? co>se en\gh to laugh at !m1 any m ?an a toddl+ baby's falls h ! same elem5ts ( ! incongru\s z ! ov]?r[ ( a /\t old g5tleman :o sits d[n a/oni%$ 9 ! sn[4 ,a baby has to fall4 ,x is natural1 & n funny4 ,s does ! "y *ild h to make mi/akes z he le>ns any or all ( ! cr[d+ tasks be=e him2 b ^! are n fair gr\nds = ridicule4 ,i 0 walk+ 9 a fri5d's g>d51 & met = ! fir/ "t ! daught] ( ! h\se1 a tall1 beautiful girl ( n9ete5 or tw5ty4 ,h] aunt1 :o 0 ) me1 cri$ out to h] 9 an affect$ tone1 ,come & meet ! lady1 ,janey6 ,! "y girl1 :o 0 evid5tly unpleasantly impress$1 look$ annoy$1 & turn$ aside 9 "s confusion1 speak+ s(tly to h] tea*] :o 0 ) h]4 ,!n ! aunt1 :o 0 a v muscul> woman1 seiz$ ! "y lady by h] %\ld]s1 lift$ h] (f ! gr\nd1 & ?ru/ h] blu%+1 /ruggl+1 & prote/+ into my arms--by way ( introduction6 ,naturally en\gh1 ! girl 0 ov]come ) mortification1 & conceiv$ a viol5t dislike = me4 7,?is /ory is exactly true1 except t ! daught] ( ! h\se 0 ag$ two & a half47 ,n[ :y1--9 ! "n ( reason1 c\rtesy1 education1 ju/ice1 any l(ty & noble consid]ation1--:y %\ld ,two-&-a-half be ?us insult$8 ,:at is ! po9t ( view ( ! insult]8 ,h[ does %e ju/ify h] brutal behavi\r8 ,is x on ! obvi\s gr\nd ( physical sup]iority 9 age & /r5g?8 ,x _c be t1 = we d n gratuit\sly outrage ! feel+s ( all p]sons y\ng] & small] ?an ourselves4 ,a /alw>t six-foot septuag5>ian does n ?us comport himself t[>d a small g5tleman ( ?irty or =ty4 ,x _c be relation%ip2 = su* conduct does n obta9 among adults1 be !y nev] s closely alli$4 ,x has no basis except t ! victim is a *ild1 & ! *ild has no p]sonal rights :i* we feel b\nd to respect4 ,a baby1 :5 good1 is consid]$ z a fir/-rate play?+1--a toy to play ) or to play on or to set go+ l a ma*9e-top1 t we may laugh at x4 ,!re is a legitimate frolick+ ) small *ildr51 z ! cat plays ) h] kitt5s2 b t is n 9 ! lea/ inconsi/5t ) respect4 ,gr[n p c play toge!r & laugh toge!r )\t je]+ at ea* o!r4 ,s we might laugh ) our *ildr51 ev5 m ?an we d1 & yet nev] laugh at !m4 ,! pa!tic side ( x is t *ildr5 are ev5 m s5sitive to ridicule ?an gr[n p4 ,!y h no philosophy to fall back ^u2 &1--"h is ! hide\sly unju/ side1--if !y lose _! temp]s1 be+ yet unle>n$ 9 self-re/ra9t1--if !y try to turn ! tables on _! torm5tors1 !n ! wise gr[n-up promptly puni%es !m = disrespect4 ,!y mu/ respect _! eld]s ev5 9 ?is pitiful attitude2 b :o is to dem& ! respect due to y\?8 ,!re is a deal ( compla9t among p>5ts ov] ! imp]t95ce ( *ildr54 ,h[ d>e y speak to me l t6 cries outrag$ au?ority4 ,yet t 0 only ! expression us$ j be=e by ! p>5t to ! *ild4 ,hold y\r tongue6 says ! "m4 ,hold y\rs6 answ]s ! *ild1 & is promptly :ipp$ = imp]t95ce4 ,i'll tea* y to answ] me l t6 says angry mamma4 ,& %e does4 ,9 ! baby's fir/ attempt to speak we amus$ ourselves mightily ov] 8 innoc5t h&l+ ( rude phrases1--ov]he>d by *ance or ev5 taught him1 t we might make m]ry ov] ! guileless little m\?1 utt]+ at our behe/ ! words x did n und]/&4 ,!n1 a ye> or s old]1 :5 he says ! same ?+s1 he is labori\sly & pa9fully taught t :at is prop] = a p>5t to say to a *ild is n prop] = a *ild to say to a p>5t4 ,:y8 puzzles ! *ild4 ,we c give no answ]1 except our l>ge assumption t !re is no respect due to y\?4 ,ask any consci5ti\s "m or fa!r :y ! new human be+1 fre% f ,god z !y pr(ess to believe1 n yet ta9t$ by s9 or weak5$ by folly & mi/ake1 s]5e 9 its mighty innoc5ce & s]i\s beyond measure1 z its deep eyes look solemnly into life1--:y ?is wond]ful k9d ( humanity is to be treat$ l a c\rt fool4 ,:at c ! p>5t say8 ,f ! deep] biological /&po9t1 see+ ! =emo/ wave ( advanc+ humanity 9 ea* new g5]ation1 !re is /ill less excuse = su* contemptu\s treatm5t4 ,9 ! *ild is lodg$ ! pil$ up progress ( ! c5turies1 &1 z he %all live1 is t progress ha/5$ or ret>d$4 ,q outside ( ! natural affection ( ! p>5t = ! (fspr+ /&s ?is deep1 human rev]5ce = ! late/ & be/ specim5 ( its k9d4 ,e *ild %\ld repres5t a high] /ep 9 racial gr[? ?an its p>5ts1 & e p>5t %\ld rev]5tly recognise ?is4 ,= a "t ! p>5t has ! advantage4 ,he has k1 skill1 & p[]2 & we feel t 9 ! ord] ( nature he is set to m9i/] to ! y\ng] g5]ation till x %all supplant him4 ,to develope su* a noble feel+ has tak5 a long "t1 & _m /eps upw>d ?r\gh ^? crud] s5tim5ts :i* l$ t[>d x4 ,yet x is ! rational1 consci\s feel+ into :i* ! human be+ translates ! :ole m>vell\s law ( p>5tal love4 ,to ! animal ?is great =ce expresses itself m]ely 9 in/9ct2 b1 z su*1 x is accept$ & fulfill$1 & ! good ( ! "y subs]v$ unque/ion+ly4 ,9 l[ grades ( human life we h /ill ?is animal p>5tal in/9ct l>gely pr$om9at+1 col\r$ m or less ) "s prevision ( ! real glory ( ! "w 9 h&4 ,yet s selfi% is human p>5tage t 9 e>li] times *ildr5 h be5 sold z slaves 9 ! int]e/s ( p>5ts1 h be5 & /ill are set to "w prematurely2 & 9 c]ta9 races ! fa!r looks =w>d to hav+ a son = v>i\s religi\s b5efits accru+ to him1 ! fa!r4 ,s5tim5ts l ^! are n conducive to respect = y\?4 ,! "m is n g5]ally selfi%1 9 ?is s5se4 ,h] error is 9 view+ ! *ild too p]sonally1 dep5d+ too mu* on in/9ct1 & giv+ v little ?\ght to ! matt]4 ,%e loves mu* & s]ves endlessly1 b reasons little4 ,! *ild is pre-em95tly h] *ild1 & is treat$ z su*4 ,int5se affection %e gives1 & su* =ms ( discipl9e & cultivation z are )9 h] range1 unflagg+ c>e & lab\r also2 b respect = ! bewit*+ bundle ( cambric %e has s elaborately decorat$ does n occur to h]4 ,note ! behavi\r ( a gr\p ( admir+ wom5 ar\nd a baby on exhibition4 ,its clo!s are prom95t1 ( c\rse1 9 _! admiration2 & its toes1 f+]s1 & dimples g5]ally4 ,!y kiss x & cuddle x & play ) x1 & ! pr\d mamma is pleas$4 ,:5 ! exhibitee is old] & m consci\s1 x dislikes ^! sc5es int5sely4 ,be+ dress$ up & pass$ ar\nd = ! obs]vation & rem>k ( ! gr[n-up visitors is an ordeal we c all rememb]4 ,:y _c a gr[n p]son advance to make ! acqua9tance ( a *ild ) ! same good mann]s us$ 9 meet+ an adult8 ,frankness1 naturalness1 & respect1 ^! are all ! *ild wants4 ,& precisely ^! he is d5i$4 ,we put on an assum$ int]e/--a sort ( /age mann]--9 acco/+ ! "y1 & = all our pret5ce pay no reg>d to _! op9ions or confid5ce1 :5 giv54 ,really well-int5tion$ p]sons1 p>5ts or o!rwise1 w repeat be=e /rang]s "s p]sonal op9ion1 j s(tly :isp]$ 9 _! e>s1 ) a pair ( little arms hold+ fa/ to keep ! secret close2 dragg+ x out remorselessly be=e ! p]sons implicat$1 :ile ! betray$ *ild squirms 9 wret*$ness & ang]4 ,to d ?is to a gr[n-up fri5d w\ld w>rant an angry dropp+ ( acqua9tance4 ,su* traitor\s rud5ess w\ld n be tol]at$ by man or woman4 ,b ! *ild1--! *ild mu/ pocket e insult1 z belong+ to a class b5ea? respect4 ,is x n "t t we summon$ our wits f _! wool-ga!r+1--h[ev] f9ancially pr(itable ! wool may be1--& gave a little hone/ ?\ght to ! /atus ( *ildhood8 ,*ildhood is n a pa?ological condition1 nor a t]m ( p5al s]vitude1 nor a practical joke4 ,a *ild is a human creature1 & entitl$ to be treat$ z su*4 ,a human body ?ree feet long is des]v+ ( z mu* respect z a human body six feet long4 ,yet ! bodies ( *ildr5 are h&l$ ) ! grosse/ famili>ity4 ,we pluck & pull & pu% !m1 tweak _! hair & e>s1 pat !m on ! head1 *uck !m "u ! *91 kiss !m1 & hold !m on our laps1 entirely reg>dless ( _! p]sonal pref]5ces4 ,:y %\ld we take lib]ties ) ! p]son ( a *ild o!r ?an ^? suitable to an intimate fri5d%ip at any age8 ,because *ildr5 don't c>e1 "s "o w answ]4 ,b *ildr5 d c>e4 ,!y c>e enorm\sly4 ,!y dislike c]ta9 p]sons always because ( disagreeable physical contact 9 *ildhood4 ,!y wriggle d[n clumsily1 all _! clo!s rubb$ ! wrong way1 ) tumbl$ hair & flu%$1 sulky faces f ! w>m lap ( "s l>ge woman or bony1 woolly-clo!d man1 :o 0 hold+ !m ) "o h& & v>i\sly assault+ !m ) ! o!r1 & ru% (f 9 helpless rage4 ,no d\bt !y get us$ to x1 z d eels to sk9n+2 b 9 ?is process ( accu/om+ *ildhood to brutal disc\rtesy we lose mu* ( ! f9e/1 mo/ delicate developm5t ( human nature4 ,!re is no *>ge ( cruelty1 unk9dness1 or neglect involv$ 9 ?is4 ,disc\rtesy to *ildr5 is practis$ by ! mo/ lov+ & devot$ p>5ts1 ! mo/ amiable ( relatives & visitors4 ,nei!r is x a "q ( k on ! "p ( ! eld]4 ,^! rud5esses are practis$ by p]sons ( exquisite mann]s1 among _! equals4 ,x is simply a case ( survival ( an undevelop$ field ( human nature1--a d>k1 uncultivat$1 neglect$ spot :]e we h fail$ to gr[4 ,! same =ces :i* h s f> civilis$ u w "w f>!r :5 we give !m room4 ,we h b to op5 our m9ds & wid5 our sph]e ( action to become civilis$ 9 ^! dome/ic relations4 ,x is ! citiz5%ip--! humanness--( ! *ild we ne$ to recognise1 n m]ely its relative accompli%m5ts comp>$ to ourselves4 ,also ! t5d5cies & re/ra9t born ( p[] & fre$om %\ld tea* u to respect ! *ild precisely because ( its helplessness4 ,! pr9ciple t urges ev5 ! bully+ s*ool-boy to take a fell[ ( 8 own size1 & :i* =bids tortur+ a captive1 kill+ an un>m$ man1 or insult+ an inf]ior1 ought to put m nobility into our conduct 9 relation to ! *ild4 ,z s mu* weak]1 /r5g? %\ld respect him2 &1 z "o b\nd to sup]s$e u1 wisdom %\ld recognise 8 p[]4 ,x4 ,,too ,,mu* ,,consid]ation4 ,! *ild comes to ! table4 ,he looks a little we>y1 kn[+ ! task be=e him4 ,n[ :at w y h8 asks 8 fond mamma4 ,:at w\ld y l1 de>8 ,! *ild gazes at ! di%es !re pres5t1 & is some:at attract$ t[>d "o or m ( !m2 b 8 bra9 ?ru/s ^u him images ( o!r vi&s1 & memories ( triumph 9 secur+ "s vaguely rememb]$ delicacy4 ,he wav]s 9 8 m9d1 & wiggles 8 knife unc]ta9ly4 ,i guess--,i'll h--,mamma is all att5tion4 ,h "s ( ?is nice potato6 %e urges4 ,he _h incl9$ t[>d ! potato previ\sly1 b rebels at its be+ urg$ ^u him4 ,also ! coo+ adjective affronts him4 ,he has he>d ?+s call$ nice be=e1 usually :5 he did n want !m4 ,no1 ,i don't want any potato1 he says4 ,i want--,i'll h "s sweet potato6 ,unhappily !re is no sweet potato1 & ! good mamma smil+ly excuses ! lack4 ,we w h "s to-morr[1 %e promises2 &1 to di/ract him f ?\ght ( ! impossible1 ,won't y h a *op8 ,no--yes--,i'll h "o *op4 ,on ?is plate1 n on t plate4 ,i won't h x on t plate6 ,b ?is plate is w>m1 de>4 ,i want x on my own plate6 ,v well4 ,w y h "s gravy8 ,yes1 ,i guess s4 ,n on ! potato6 ,don't put x on ! potato6 ,i won't eat x if y put x on ! potato6 ,9 "t he eats1 ?\gh n ) eag]ness4 ,9 8 "y m9d is a vague s5se ( annoyance & discom=t1 z if he 7 9 "s way defraud$ ( 8 d9n]4 ,! pres5t d9n]1 r gloomily go+ d[n1 is contra/$ ) o!r possible d9n]s1 n n[ to be atta9$4 ,:at he has suff]s by comp>ison ) all ! ?+s he has n1 & a dim memory ( previ\s disappo9tm5ts oppresses him4 ,he nev] did eat well1 says 8 "m4 ,we h h>d "w to f9d :at he w eat4 ,!re may be "s dige/ive di/urbance1 b !re is a q ne$less psy*ological di/urbance add$4 ,*oice is a we>+ ?+1 ev5 to ! tra9$ scann] ( m5us4 ,to select a meal exactly to "o's ta/e1 & n be haunt$ by ! un*os5 di%es1 means ! prompt & skilful ex]cise ( a widely cultivat$ ta/e4 ,mo/ ( u gladly pref] to h "s exp]i5c$ cook & cat]] set a good meal be=e u4 ,a pleas$ anticipation at a well-kn[n d9n] table is a m agreeable frame ( m9d ?an t ( "o :o mu/ ne$s select1 spurr$ by a tall d>key ) a p5cil4 ,a *ild has n a cultivat$ ta/e nor ! calmness ( exp]i5ce4 ,a *oice1 ev5 f objects be=e him1 is unc]ta9 en\gh4 ,he is apt to spe$ily regret & wi% to *ange4 ,to be call$ ^u to ord] a meal is a real tax ^u him4 ,:ile he ex]ts himself 9 ?is direction1 any proposition is likely to be res5t$2 &1 to "o :o is on tiptoe 9 ef=t to decide1 an ins9uat+ sugge/ion f )\t is extremely irritat+4 ,?is me?od ( consult+ a *ild's pref]5ces be=e he has !m1 introduc+ alt]natives n pres5t & !n h>ass+ ! wav]+ "y m9d ) p]suasive propositions1 rapidly developes a halt+1 fretful1 back-/it* sort ( temp]1 always wi%+ x _h done ! o!r ?+4 ,! old-fa%ion$ me?od 0 to compel a *ild to eat :at 0 set be=e him1 all ( x1 q reg>dless ( 8 p]sonal ta/e or con/itutional limitations4 ,no?+ b palpable nausea conv9c$ ^! obdurate p>5ts ( e>li] g5]ations t !re 7 "s ?+s ! little victim c\ld n eat4 ,?is 0 a fooli% & cruel me?od4 ,*ildr5 diff] widely 9 dige/ive p[] & pref]5ce1 & _! ta/es are m>k$ & s5sitive4 ,eat+ :at he does n l is f> m pa9ful to a *ild ?an to an adult4 ,b 8 ta/es & limitations c be discov]$ )\t conc5trat+ 8 own att5tion on !m4 ,x is bad to treat a *ild's ta/es ) less consid]ation ?an ^? ( old] human be+s2 b !re is no reason :y !y %\ld be treat$ ) m4 ,! simple lesson c be taught ( eat+ :at he likes & leav+ :at he dislikes )\t vocif]\s proclamation ( ^! pref]5ces2 &1 if he really ?9ks ( some?+ else he w\ld l to h = d9n]1 tea* him to ask = x = ano!r "t4 ,he c readily und]/& t cook+ takes "t1 & extra di%es _c be s]v$ at a mom5t's notice4 ,a family is usually compos$ ( sev]al p]sons1 all ( :om %\ld be treat$ ) ju/ice4 ,if x is r$uc$ to two only1--if !re is only "m & *ild to decide betwe51--! decision %\ld be fairly balanc$4 ,! practical issues ( daily life are almo/ always op5 to a *ild's und]/&+4 ,mamma1 we w say1 is read+4 ,mabel is busy ) doll's dressmak+4 ,o mamma6 w y please get me ! scissors8 ,c y n get !m z easily1 de>8 ,i don't "k j :]e !y are1 & ,i've be5 fuss+ ev] s long ) ?is yoke2 & n[ ,i've got x j "r1 & ,i'm afraid1 if ,i put x d[n1 ,i'll =get aga96 ,mamma looks at ! flu%$1 e>ne/ little face1 lays h] book d[n1 & gets ! scissors4 ,aga94 ,mamma is /uff+ ! turkey4 ,mabel1 w y please br+ me d[n ! l>ge/ ne$le on my cu%ion8 ,oh1 b1 mamma1 ,i'm s busy ) my pa9ts6 ,yes2 b y are up/airs already1 & my h&s are 9 ! /uff+4 ,please hurry1 de>4 ,mabel br+s ! ne$le promptly4 ,%e kn[s t mamma is consid]ate ( h]1 & %e is consid]ate ( mamma4 ,x is by no means necess>y to argue ov] e little s]vice1 b a few te/ cases keep 9 m9d ! idea ( ju/ice4 ,if :at a *ild wants w give m pleasure to ! *ild ?an tr\ble to ! adult1 d x4 ,if x is m tr\ble to ! adult ?an pleasure to ! *ild1 d n d x2 & let ! *ild und]/&1 fir/1 la/1 & always1 ! balance ( human rights4 ,i knew a girl ( ?irte5 :o _h n yet le>n$ to keep h]self cov]$ at night4 ,%e slept ) h] "m2 &1 if %e wak5$ *illy1 %e w\ld murmur1 )\t op5+ h] eyes1 ,"m1 cov] me up6 ,& h] "m w\ld d x4 ,?is 0 unfair to ! *ild4 ,x all[$ h] to commit a gross inju/ice2 & h] "m 0 comp\nd+ a felony1 z x 71 9 indulg+ h]4 ,! *ild 0 already awake1 & q capable ( pull+ up ! blankets4 ,!re 0 no reason :y h] tir$ "m %\ld lose sleep = ! purpose4 ,! practical way to exhibit ?is w\ld be = ! "m to wak5 ! *ild ) ! same dem&4 ,a few applications w\ld be suffici5t4 ,if v]bal remon/rance 0 pref]r$ 7usually an inf]ior me?od71 ! "m might quietly reply3 ,by no means4 ,y are p]fectly able to d x4 ,x is n fair to wak5 me = t4 ,i d n get to sleep aga9 z quickly z y d1 & am tir$ next day4 ,a *ild already reasonably tra9$ w\ld easily see ! =ce ( t argum5t4 ,a big boy is p]si/5tly late to breakfa/4 ,?is annoys 8 "m at ! "t1 & delays h] "w aft]w>d4 ,%e saves & keeps hot v>i\s vi&s = him1 tak+ _m extra /eps2 & h] day's "w is r5d]$ a little m difficult4 ,if ! breakfa/ h\r is t mo/ conv5i5t to ! family ne$s1 simply expla9 to ! boy t breakfa/ is at su* a "t only2 t he w be call$ 9 due season2 & t1 if he is n d[n )9 ! giv5 "t1 he w f9d no breakfa/ :atsoev]4 ,?is c\rse1 firmly foll[$1 works l a *>m4 ,mo/ p dislike go+ )\t breakfa/4 ,a *ild %\ld h suffici5t sleep1 ( c\rse2 b1 if 8 h\rs are reasonable1 !re is no ju/ice 9 incommod+ ! work+ "m = ! sake ( a little natural laz9ess4 ,) v little *ildr5 we +5i\sly manage to ignore "s ( _! really important que/ions & actions1 & at ! same "t to let !m trample on our e>s & bra9s ) s5seless it]ation ( unnecess>y words4 ,a small boy is eat+ 8 supp]1 :ile 8 "m puts little si/] to b$4 ,"m6 he bawls4 ,"m6 ,mo-o-!r6 ,at la/ %e leaves h] task to come to him1 he /ill %\t+2 & ?is is 8 communication3 ,"m6 ,?is is bak]'s bread6 ,yes1 de>1 says ! too t5d] mamma1 & goes back aga94 ,t *ild %\ld h be5 met1 n ) ang] or puni%m5t1 b ) v simple s>casm & prote/4 ,yes1 t is bak]'s bread1--& t is a plate1--& t is a spoon4 ,i knew all ^! ?+s :5 ,i arrang$ y\r supp]4 ,d y ?9k x is fair to call me d[n/airs j to say t8 ,! bubbl+ flu5cy ( a *ild's m9d1 ! t5d5cy to repetition & sometimes fooli%ness1 is natural en\gh1 & n to be blam$2 b we %\ld help ! *ild to outgr[ x in/ead ( submitt+ to 8 we>isome reit]ance4 ,b1 my de>1 y said t be=e4 ,i und]/&4 ,n[ d n say x aga94 ,to say1 ,yes1 de>1 a doz5 times to ! same "q or /atem5t is n /r5g!n+ to ! *ild's m5tal habits4 ,simil>ly1 :5 a *ild asks palpably fooli% que/ions1--fooli% by 8 own /&>d1--he ne$s n consid]ation1 b mild ridicule4 ,&1 if he c answ] 8 own "q1 let him3 x is no k9dness to d all 8 "w4 ,*ildr5 are n b5efit$ by a too s(t & yield+ environm5t1 nor d !y always love be/ ^? :o treat !m ) too mu* consid]ation4 ,fairness1 n sev]ity nor con/ant concession1 is :at a *ild appreciates4 ,if we behave fairly to ! *ild 7z we w\ld to a gr[n p]son71 giv+ to him ! heal?y reaction ( common ju/ice1 we help him to live easily & rightly 9 ! _w be=e him4 ,ev5 love is op5 to measurem5t by results4 ,! love we h = our *ildr5 is n develop$ 9 u z a pleasurable ex]cise1 b is di/9ctly = ! *ild's b5efit4 ,! mat]nal sacrifice is :at our sci5tific fri5ds call x4 ,9 /udy+ e>ly =ms ( life1 we f9d ! "m sacrific+ ev]y?+ = ! good ( ! "y1 f :i* we draw ! g5]al inf]5ce t x is = ! good ( ! "y to h ! "m sacrifice ev]y?+4 ,m discrim9at+ /udy w %[ u a great diff]5ce 9 mat]nal me?ods4 ,:]e ! "m's loss is ! ga9 ( ! "y1 %e *e]fully submits to x2 b1 :]e ! "y is n b5efit$ by h] loss1 we d n f9d x4 ,! eggs ( ! h5 are c>efully brood$ by ! "m2 ! eggs ( ! frog are left float+ on ! wat] 9 suitable places4 ,!re is no special virtue 9 ! h5's brood+ or vice 9 ! frog's neglect2 ! "m does :at is necess>y = ! "y4 ,! "m-cat licks h] little ones elaborately1 & tea*es !m to make _! toilettes simil>ly4 ,! c[ licks ! calf = a :ile1 b gives x no in/ructions 9 wa%+ its e>s ) its paws4 ,! "m-love is ess5tial to ! be/ c>e ( ! "y1 & !re=e x is giv5 u4 ,x is ! ma9 curr5t ( race pres]vation1 & ! basis ( all o!r love-developm5t on ! high] grades4 ,b x is n1 !re=e1 an object ( sup]/iti\s v5]ation1 & 9 itself inv>iably "r4 ,! surr5d] ( ! "m to ! *ild is (t5 flatly injuri\s1 if c>ri$ to excess4 ,to put x 9 ! la/ extreme1 suppose ! "m s utt]ly sacrifices h]self to ! *ild z to break d[n & die4 ,%e !n robs ! *ild ( its "m1 :i* is an injury4 ,suppose %e s sacrifices h]self to ! *ild z to cut (f h] own prop] re/1 recreation1 & developm5t4 ,%e ?us gives ! *ild an exhau/$ & inf]ior "m1 :i* is an injury to him4 ,!re are cases1 p]haps1 :]e x might be a "m's duty to die = h] *ild2 b1 9 g5]al1 x is m advantage\s to live = him4 ,! unselfi% devotion ( ! "m we laud to ! skies1 )\t /opp+ to consid] its effect on ! *ild4 ,?is error is connect$ ) our primitive religi\s belief 9 ! doctr9e ( sacrifice1--"o ( ^? e>ly misconceptions ( a great tru?4 ,x is necess>y = ! good ( humanity t ! int]e/s ( ! "o be subord9ate to ! int]e/s ( ! _m1 b x does n foll[ t an indiscrim9ate surr5d] ( "o's own int]e/s always b5efits society4 ,on ! contr>y1 a /eady insi/5ce on ! rights ( ! individual is ess5tial to ! integrity ( ! social /ructure & its "r work+s4 ,s x is necess>y = ! good ( ! *ild t ! int]e/s ( ! "m be subord9at$ to 8 int]e/s1 b x does n foll[ t h] indiscrim9ate surr5d] ( p]sonal int]e/s always b5efits him4 ,on ! contr>y1 a too self-sacrific+ "m t5ds to develope a selfi%1 %ort-sight$1 l[-grade p]sonality 9 ! gr[+ life %e seeks to b5efit1 :]e h] hone/ ma9t5ance ( h] own individual rights w\ld h _h a v heal?y effect4 ,n :at ! *ild wi%es1 nor :at ! "m wi%es1 is ! /&>d ( measurem5t1 b :at is really b5eficial to ! *ild4 ,if ! "m is frankly & cle>ly unselfi% 9 _! daily int]c\rse1 & !n z frankly & cle>ly dem&s h] own %>e ( fre$om & consid]ation1 ! *ild gets a fair] view ( human rights ?an if he simply absorbs 8 "m z a natural victim4 ,little ,m>y has a visitor4 ,h] "m is mo/ polite & ent]ta9+1 is ) !m :5 !y desire x1 & lets !m alone :5 !y pref]4 ,!n h] "m has a visitor4 ,m>y1 %e says1 ,i am to h company ?is week4 ,i %all ( c\rse h to give a good deal ( "t & att5tion to my fri5d1 z y did to ,hattie :5 %e 0 "h4 ,s y mu/ n feel badly if y d n see z mu* ( mamma z usual4 ,!re mu/ be ! previ\s polite conduct ( mamma to po9t to4 ,! *ildi% m9d ne$s frequ5t & conspicu\s pro( t mamma is =gett+ h]self = 8 pleasure2 & !n he %\ld be rationally call$ ^u to =get himself = h] pleasure1 :5 x is pla9ly fair & necess>y4 ,! beautiful pr9ciples ( k9d]g>t5 tea*+ are frequ5tly misappli$ 9 ! too conciliatory & self-d5y+ me?ods ( ! well-mean+ mamma4 ,k9dness1 polit5ess1 con/ant love1 & all due consid]ation ! *ild %\ld h2 b ju/ice is z important to him z affection4 ,x mu/ always be rememb]$ t ! "m's love is n an end 9 itself1 nor ! expression ( x a virtue 9 itself4 ,x is to be measur$1 l e o!r natural function1 by its use4 ,:5 a *ild is re>$ 9 an atmosph]e ( unreason+ devotion & con/ant surr5d]1 he gr[s up to expect x1 & to c>ry a s5se ( grievance if he does n get x4 ,! natural t5d5cy ( ! "m to love h] own "y is /rong 9 u1--! mat]nal passion2 b1 l all passions1 x ne$s consci5ti\s & rational re/ra9t4 ,! human s\l has gr[n to su* a /age ( developm5t t we are capable ( lov+ & s]v+ great numb]s ( p4 ,! woman1 :o is /ill conf9$ to ! same range ( int]e/s :i* occupi$ h] 9 ! e>lie/ grades ( human life1 inh]its h] %>e ( ?is socially develop$ p[] ( lov+1 & conc5trates x all ^u h] own imm$iate family4 ,l an ev]-enl>g+ burn+ glass1 /ill focuss$ ^u "o spot1 ! heal?y1 natural affection ( ! animal "m = its "y has gr[n to :at is really an imm5se social affection1 too l>ge = "o family to pr(itably su/a94 ,! *ild w get a f> m j & heal?ful idea ( human relation :5 he f9ds himself lift$ & l$ on by a "m ^: life has a purpose ( its own1 ?an :5 he f9ds himself encompass$ & ov]:elm$ by a "m :o has no o!r object or int]e/ ?an himself4 ,! :ole "q has to be con/antly measur$ by comp>+ x ) ! re/ ( life4 ,are our me?ods ) *ildr5 ^? :i* be/ fit m5 & wom5 = do+ _! %>e to ma9ta9 & develope human life8 ,does n ! mo/ casual survey ( life to-day %[ p practis+ mu* amiability & devotion at home1 /r5u\sly lov+ _! own imm$iate families & fri5ds1 & mo/ m>k$ly defici5t 9 t g5]al love = "o ano!r :i* is n only ! ma9 comm&m5t ( our religion1 b ! pla9e/ necessity = social progress8 ,& is n ?is defici5cy to be acc\nt$ =1 n by any inability on our "p = social devotion1--= e day's li/ ( accid5ts %[s ! common fund ( h]oism & self-sacrifice to be l>ge1--b by ! tra9+ :i* makes x ! habit ( our lives to love & s]ve only ^? ne>e/ to u8 ,! "m is ! /ronge/ =mative influ5ce 9 ! *ild's life4 ,if he sees t %e ?9ks only ( him1 lives only = him1 :at is he to le>n by x8 ,to ?9k only ( himself8 ,or only ( h]8 ,or only ( 8 *ildr58 ,does ! be/ c>e ( a *ild require ! conc5trat$ & unremitt5t devotion ( an entire "m8 ,a l>g] intellig5ce appli$ to ! subject may %[ u t !re are bett] ways ( s]v+ our *ildr5 ?an ^? we n[ foll[4 ,! woman :o gr[s up 9 ! practice ( consid]+ ! ne$s ( p 9 g5]al1 & ( s ord]+ h] life z to b5efit !m1 w f9d a new p[] & quality 9 h] love = h] own de> ones4 ,) t wid5+ ( ! s\l-range ( ! "m w come a capacity to judge ! *ild z "o ( ! p ( ! _w1 besides be+ h] own especially belov$4 ,a /udy ( :at all *ildr5 ne$ w help h] to und]/& :at h] own *ild ne$s f> m accurately ?an :5 %e ?9ks ( him z ! only "o4 ,! cont9u\s application ( ! "m to ! *ild is n s advantage\s z ! quality ( h] companion%ip & influ5ce1 & h] sacrificial devotion too (t5 weak5s 8 s5se ( ju/ice & makes him selfi%4 ,,xi4 ,,six ,,mo!rs4 ,broad-m9d$ mo!rs ( ?is "t are ke5ly int]e/$ 9 *ild-/udy1 9 t all too famili> & yet unkn[n field ( infant psy*ology4 ,!y are beg9n+ to recognise n only ! sali5t fact t all *ildr5 are diff]5t1 b ! equally important "o t all *ildr5 h po9ts 9 common4 ,! ne$ ( union & discussion among mo!rs is result+ 9 ! mo!rs' clubs & p>5ts' congresses1 :i* =m s noble an example ( ! progressive ?\ght4 ,b s f>1 ) all ! k9dly int]e/ & ke5 desire = improv$ me?ods ( *ild-culture1 ! "m has to return & grapple ) h] individual problem alone4 ,"h are "o or two simple & practical sugge/ions1 ! c>eful pursuance ( :i*1 ) "s cle> record ( proce$+s1 w\ld n only be ( imm$iate assi/ance to ! mo!rs conc]n$1 b to all ! o!r mo!rs yet to be ar\s$ to ! importance ( su* action4 ,let u suppose six mo!rs1 to take a v l[ numb]1--six mo!rs 9 "o t[n1 "o village1 or "o city1 ev5 9 ! op5 c\ntry1 s t !y c\ld rea* ea* o!r easily2 six mo!rs1 :o 7 fri5ds & social equals1 & :o 7 will+ to admit ! defici5cies ( our g5]al pres5t me?ods ( *ild-culture1 & also will+ to improve ^? me?ods4 ,x is p]missible = ea* "m to imag9e t h] own me?ods are sup]ior to ^? ( ! o!r mo!rs1 z ?is w give h] a beautiful s5se ( helpfulness 9 all[+ ^! sup]ior me?ods to be obs]v$ & /udi$ by ! less able4 ,a consci\s s5se ( inf]iority is also no ob/acle1 = a "m hav+ t feel+ w\ld be eag] to improve by /udy ( ! bett] ways4 ,^! six mo!rs divide ! work+ days ( ! week among !m1 agree+ t ea* %all on h] *os5 day take *>ge ( ! *ildr5 ( ! o!r five4 ,?is might be = a "p ( ! day or ! :ole day1 z is ?\ght be/1--let u suppose x m]ely = ! aft]noon2 & x c\ld be limit$1 z desir$1 to *ildr5 ( a c]ta9 age1 & /ill fur!r r$uc$1 z a mild beg9n+1 to "o *ild apiece f ea* family4 ,?is w\ld give1 z a m9imum1 five extra *ildr5 on "o aft]noon a week to ea* "m4 ,! maximum w\ld be ( c\rse unc]ta92 b1 if all ! *ildr5 ( ea* "m 7 ?us to g visit+ = any "p ( ! day1 x w\ld give to ea* "o day 9 :i* t l>g] responsibility 0 und]tak51 & five days free4 ,!re w\ld rema9 ,sunday1 9 :i* ea* family1 complete1 w\ld be at home4 ,n[ let u take a hypo!tical case1 & suppose t our six mo!rs1 ) consid]able trepidation1 h *os5 "o *ild apiece t !y 7 will+ to intru/ = ! aft]noon to ! wat*ful c>e ( ^! famili> fri5ds4 ,! *ildr51 be x rigidly insi/$1 are to "k no?+ :atev] ( ! purposes or me?ods involv$4 ,all t little ,johnny ,black kn[s is t ,mrs4 ,:ite has ask$ him to come ov] on ,monday aft]noon & play ) ,alice & ,billy ,:ite1 & "s o!r *ildr5 t he kn[s1 too2 t pres5tly ,mrs4 ,gre5 has !m come to h] h\se on ,tuesday1 & ,mrs4 ,br[n on ,w$nesday2 t 8 mamma lets !m all come & play ) him on ,?ursday1--9 %ort1 t 8 aft]noons h become full & ri* & pleasantly excit+1 l "s wond]ful procession ( p>ties4 ,n l regul> p>ties1 ei!r1 ,johnny w\ld expla94 ,y don't h to dress up--mu*1--j be clean1 to beg9 )4 ,& !y don't h ice-cream & mac>oons1--only j milk & crack]s :5 y get hungry2 &--well1 'tisn't s mu* regul> games & p'r'aps danc9'--l a p>ty1--we j play4 ,& ,mrs4 ,:ite1 or :i*ev] "o 'tis1 %e g5]ally has "s nice "y lady 9 ) h]2 & !y sort ( keep ?+s go+1--z if 'twas a real p>ty4 ,x's nic] "s ways1 ,i ?9k4 ,& :i* place d y l be/1 ,johnny8 ,oh1 ,i d' "k6 ,billy ,:ite has ! bigge/ y>d4 ,b ,jim ,grey has ! be/ sw+2 & !re's a pond at ,susy ,gre5's1--a real pond1--& no?+ b girls live !re6 ,!n x's lots ( fun :5 !y come to our h\se1 'cause ,i c %[ 'em my rabbits & make ,jack d all 8 tricks4 ,yes1 ! *ildr5 all enjoy x4 ,x means v>iety1 x means company1 x means a wid] & clos] acqua9tance & all ! b5efits ( well-*os5 association & l>g] environm5t4 ,x fills a "p ( ! day4 ,!re is no m aimless ask+1 ,:at %all ,i d n[8 ) ! vague response1 ,oh1 run away & play6 or ! sugge/ion ( "s well-worn amusem5t4 ,x means1 too1 a little m s5se ( company mann]s & behavi\r1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 a bett] appreciation ( home life4 ,& to ! "m1--:at good w ?is d h]8 ,ea* "m w\ld h "o day 9 ! week 9 :i* to c>efully obs]ve *ildr51--n h] own specially belov$ *ildr51 b j *ildr51 z su*4 ,h] obs]vation & c>e %\ld be absolutely unobtrusive3 ! mom5t ! little ones knew !y 7 be+ wat*$1 ! value ( ! plan w\ld be greatly impair$2 &1 to /op at a m9or detail1 f ! palpable necessity = do+ ?is "w )\t ! *ild's consci\sness1 mo!rs w\ld le>n to cov] ! ma*9]y ( gov]nm5t at home4 ,x is "o ( our grosse/ & mo/ frequ5t errors 9 ! managem5t ( *ildr5 t we op5ly discuss our ef=ts & failures4 ,!y "k t we are /ruggl+ to produce c]ta9 results 9 _! behavi\r1 usually 9 a futile mann]4 ,)1 h[ev]1 a l>ge & def9ite purpose re/+ s absolutely on ! *ild's unconsci\sness1 m wisdom 9 ?is l9e w\ld soon develope4 ,! "m :o n[ says1 ,:at w\ld y d ) a *ild l t8 or ,i'm sure ,i don't "k :at to d ) t *ild6 be=e ! *ild 9 "q1 w\ld soon p]ceive t su* an attitude 9 an educator does n produce confid5ce 9 ! object ( ! education4 ,quietly & uno/5tati\sly1 & (t5 ) ! assi/ance ( "s ke5 girl-fri5d1 ^! mo!rs w\ld soon le>n to obs]ve accurately1 to g5]alise c>efully1 to r$uce cauti\sly1 & !n to put ! d$uction into practice & obs]ve ! results4 ,z beg9n]s1 pione]s1 !y %\ld make _! fir/ /eps v mode/ly4 ,= ! fir/ season "s "o trait %\ld be *os5 = /udy1--say self-control or c\rage or consid]ation ( o!rs4 ,hav+ decid$ on _! l9e ( obs]vation1 let ea* "m make a little note ( h[ high ea* *ild 9 ! gr\p /&s 9 ?is l9e4 ,h[ mu* self-control has my ,johnny1 z measur$ by 8 age8--z comp>$ ) o!rs ( 8 age8 ,:5 did ,i fir/ notice self-control 9 ,johnny8 ,:5 h ,i se5 x greate/8 ,does he ga9 9 x8 ,:at %\ld be done to help ,johnny ga9 9 self-control8 ,& !n g ov] ! same que/ions ) reg>d to ! o!r *ildr54 ,!n1 ) self-control z ! *>act]i/ic1 ! natural developm5t & be/ education ( :i* !y wi% to /udy1 ! aft]noon p>ties beg94 ,at fir/ ! *ildr5 might be left absolutely free to play 9 ord9>y l9es4 ,!n1 aft] ! fir/ obs]vations 7 record$1 delicate exp]im5ts c\ld be introduc$1 & _! results add$ to ! record4 ,x is v difficult = ! individual "m to rightly e/imate h] own *ildr54 ,e cr[ ?9ks h] babe ! blacke/4 ,yet ! "* ( ! *ild is =m+ )\t reg>d to any fond prejudice or too sev]e criticism2 & 8 life's happ9ess dep5ds on 8 int]action ) p 9 g5]al1 n simply ) belov$ ones at home4 ,! measure ( ,johnny's self-control may n seem important to ! p>5tal love :i* cov]s or ! p>5tal =ce :i* compels2 b to ,johnny's aft]-life its importance is pre-em95t4 ,:5 "o sits = a portrait to a fond & famili> fri5d1 & sees all fondness & famili>ity die out f ! eyes ( ! arti/1 feels "o's p]sonality s9k into a mass ( values1 x br+s a /range s5se ( *ill remot5ess4 ,s1 no d\bt1 to ! "m he>t ! idea ( calmly e/imat+ ,johnny's self-control & comp>+ x ) ,jim ,grey's seems cold en\gh4 ,to h ,mrs4 ,grey e/imate x1--& p]haps 7t]rible ?\ght67 to e/imate x z less ?an ,jim's1--?is is h>d1 inde$4 ,yet ?is is precisely :at is to be obta9$ 9 su* a comb9ation z ?is1 & 9 no o!r way1--! value ( an outside obs]v]1 ?r\gh ,mrs4 ,grey's e/imate4 ,nobody's op9ion alt]s facts4 ,! relative virtues ( ,johnny & ,jim rema9 un*ang$1 no matt] :at _! respective mo!rs ?9k or :at _! irrespective mo!rs ?9k4 ,b ea* "m w d]ive invaluable side-lights f ! o!r "m's po9t ( view4 ,ea* op9ion mu/ be back$ ) illu/ration4 ,in/ances ( obs]v$ behavi\r mu/ be mass$ be=e any judgm5t has value4 ,i ?9k y\r ,jim is s brave1 ,mrs4 ,grey4 ,:5 ! *ildr5 7 ) me ! o!r day1 ! c[ got loose2 & ! girls all ran4 ,"s boys ran1 too2 & ,jimmy drove h] back into ! c[-y>d4 ,b ,jimmy 0 ! olde/1 says ,mrs4 ,:ite4 ,p]haps1 if he'd be5 z "y z my ,billy1 he w\ldn't h be5 s brave4 ,& he is afraid ( ! d>k1 says ,mrs4 ,br[n4 ,at my h\se he w\ldn't g into ! back cell> aft] apples1 ev5 ) ! o!r *ildr54 ,isn't he afraid ( ! d>k1 ,mrs4 ,grey8 ,mrs4 ,grey admits ?is1 b cites in/ances to %[ c\rage 9 o!r directions4 ,& always five dispassionate obs]v]s to ! "o deeply lov+ & prejudic$4 ,if x %\ld happ5 t ,jimmy is g5]ally admitt$ brave beyond 8 ye>s1 ) ! "o exception ( fe>+ d>kness1 & t exception traceable to a nurse-maid's influ5ce1 ! "m ( ,jimmy is rejoic$2 & a /rong light is ?r[n on ! nurse "q4 ,if x prove t by g5]al op9ion !re is a lack ( c\rage su* z %\ld belong to 8 ye>s1 !re is cause = special /udy & special action 9 ?is l9e4 ,mo/ valuable ( all1 ! habit ( obs]v+ a *ild's behavi\r z an expression ( "* is =m$4 ,! six mo!rs w\ld ( c\rse meet to comp>e notes1 pref]ably 9 ev5+s1 :5 *ildr5 7 all 9 b$ & fa!rs c\ld be pres5t2 & ! usual difficulty ( leav+ home 9 ! ev5+ c\ld be met 9 su* an important case z ?is by engag+ "s suitable p]son to come 9 = an h\r or two & /ay ) ! sleep+ little ones4 ,all su* details w\ld h to be arrang$ accord+ to p]sonal & local conditions2 b ! end to be atta9$ is ( su* enorm\s value t consid]able ef=t is ju/ifi$ 9 rea*+ x4 ,ev5 9 ! beg9n+1 a usefulness w\ld be f\nd 9 ! unit$ int]e/1 ! mutual helpfulness ( ! comb9$ wom51 drawn toge!r by ! inf9ite & beautiful possibilities ( _! great "w4 ,9 ! light ( o!r eyes1 !y w\ld see _! own *ildr5 9 new lights1 &1 by c>eful foll[+ ( agre$ l9es ( treatm5t1 soon le>n ) "s f9ality :at w\ld & :at w\ld n be useful 9 a giv5 case4 ,! obs]vations & exp]im5ts ( "o e>ne/ gr\p ( mo!rs l ?is w\ld be a /imulus & help to unc\nt$ ?\s&s ( ungr\p$ mo!rs :o are /ruggl+ on alone4 ,x is by su* ef=t z ?is1 su* int]*ange ( view & comb9$ /udy1 & ! sl[ly accumulat+ record ( e/abli%$ facts1 t humanity progresses 9 any l9e ( simil> "w1--9 floriculture or horticulture or agriculture1 or :at y w2 & ?is greate/ ( all our lab\rs1 humaniculture1 sadly lacks ! application ( ! true social law1--9 union is /r5g?4 ,! *ild ne$s n only love1 b wisdom & ju/ice2 & ^! gr[ be/ 9 ! human s\l ?r\gh comb9ation4 ,,xii4 ,,m$itations ,,on ,,! ,,nurse-,,maid4 ,! tr\ble ) ^! h\sehold problems :i* vex wom5 s mu* is t we d n give our m9ds to !m suffici5tly1 said e>ne/ little ,mrs4 ,bly!4 ,n[ ,i mean to give my m9d to ?is nurse-maid problem1 & "w x out4 ,x is high "t t somebody did4 ,& x is n only on my own acc\nt3 ?is is some?+ :i* affects u all1--all :o h nurse-maids1 t is4 ,i suppose ! mo!rs )\t nurse-maids h _! problems1 too2 b ,i mu/ consid] m9e n[4 ,n[ :at is ! matt] ) ! nurse-maid8 ,%e does n suit me4 ,%e has palpable faults & defici5cies4 ,i want a bett] nurse-maid4 ,s f> ,i h tru/$ to ! law ( supply & dem& to produce h]1 b x does n seem to "w4 ,i dem& h]1 j z ,i h dem&$ a bett] h\semaid = "s "t2 b ! supply is n =?com+4 ,s n[ ,i mean to ?9k x out1 & see if ,i _c f9d a way to ! inv5tion1 discov]y1 or manufacture ( a bett] nurse-maid4 ,& ,i mean to be v cle> & logical 9 my ?9k+ ab\t x1 s z to come out 9 ! end ) pro(4 ,i want to prove :at is ! matt] ) ! nurse-maid & h[ to make h] bett]4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 :at are my objections to ! nurse-maid n[8 ,%e is c>eless & irresponsible4 ,%e is ignorant4 ,%e is ill-mann]$4 ,%e is (t5 deceitful4 ,i c't tru/ h]4 ,n[ x doesn't seem "r t my *ild %\ld be plac$ 9 ! c>e ( an ignorant1 ill-mann]$1 c>eless1 & irresponsible p]son1--ev5 if n also untru/wor?y1--does x8 ,& x does n relieve me ( ! c>e z x ought4 ,i h to take c>e ( ! *ild & ! nurse-maid1 too4 ,:at ,i want is a c>eful1 responsible1 wise1 well-mann]$1 hon\rable "y girl4 ,%e ought to h special tra9+1 too4 ,x is really dreadful ! way ^! ignorant girls und]take to c>e = *ildr54 ,we ne$ s*ools--tra9+ s*ools--& diplomas4 ,!y c\ld h practice classes on ! *ildr5 ( ! poor--or 9 in/itutions2 & yet t idea does n q suit me1 ei!r4 ,my *ild is v individual & peculi>1 & ,i don't believe t practis+ on poor *ildr5 w\ld fit a nurse-maid to take c>e ( my *ild4 ,b nice p w\ld n want _! *ildr5 to be practis$ on4 ,!y w\ld h to take ! poor ones3 x w\ld d !m good1 anyway4 ,!y get no c>e n[3 _! mo!rs are %ock+ly ignorant & neglectful4 ,b1 aft] all1 ,i don't h to arrange ! tra9+ s*ools4 ,i only "k t %e ought to h special tra9+1 & x ought to be practical z well z !oretical2 & t means practis+ on "s *ildr5 some:]e1 someh[4 ,& !y c]ta9ly w\ld h to be poor1 because ri* p w\ld n let _! *ildr5 g to be practis$ on4 ,maybe ! poor p w\ld n1 ei!r4 ,!n x w\ld h to be orphans1 ,i guess1 comb9+ nurse-tra9+ s*ools ) orphan asylums1 & f\ndl+s1 too4 ,well1 n[ ^! nurse-maids w\ld g to ^! tra9+ s*ools to improve !mselves1 w\ld !y6 ,come to ?9k ( x1 !y only g to nurs+ because !y ne$ ! pay2 &1 ev5 if ! tra9+ s*ools 7 free1 !y'd h to wait long] = _! money4 ,&1 if !y got no m ) tra9+ ?an )\t1 !y w\ld n g1 ,i'm afraid4 ,we %\ld c]ta9ly h to pay !m m tra9$ ?an untra9$4 ,t is p]fectly logical1 ,i'm sure4 ,&1 ( c\rse1 t w\ld be an ob/acle4 ,if ! tra9+ s*ools 7 n free1 we %\ld h to pay !m m yet1--en\gh to make x wor? :ile to /udy ! bus9ess ( c>+ = *ildr54 ,a %ort c\rse might d1--six mon?s or a ye>4 ,i've he>d my "m say t %e knew some?+ ab\t tak+ c>e ( *ildr5 by ! "t ,*>ley 0 born4 ,b t 01--well1 ,i 0 eight1 & ,i'm ! ?ird1--t 0 ab\t twelve ye>s4 ,oh1 b %e wasn't 9 a tra9+ s*ool6 ,t w\ld tea* !m fa/]4 ,!re w\ld be m *ildr5 to practise on4 ,let me see3 if x took my "m twelve ye>s to le>n by practis+ on five *ildr5 7,*>ley 0 ! fif?1--f\r *ildr571 h[ _m *ildr5 w\ld x take to le>n on 9 "o ye>8 ,i'll get ,john to d t = me3 ,i'm n good at figures4 ,besides1 x's diff]5t1--altoge!r diff]5t2 = my "m 0 a "m1 s %e knew h[1 to beg9 )1 & nurse-maids are n4 ,s--to be /rictly logical--x ought to take nurse-maids long]1 ,i'm afraid4 ,! tra9+ s*ools w h to be free3 ,i'm pretty sure ( t4 ,& t means public or private end[m5t4 ,we might z well ?9k x all out cle>ly4 ,%\ld x be add$ to ! public-s*ool sy/em1--op5 to all girls1--p]haps compulsory8 ,:y n6 ,:y w\ldn't x be a good ?+ = all girls to "k some?+ ( ! c>e ( *ildr58 ,b c\ld we d t8 ,public s*ools are 9 politics2 & t is awful4 ,x w\ld take =ev] to get x t way2 & my *ild wants a nurse-maid n[6 ,private end[m5t1 ,i guess4 ,s _m ri* p want to help ! masses4 ,?is w\ld furni% employm5t1 raise wages1 & give u nurse-maids4 ,i'm sure x w\ld appeal to any philan?ropi/4 ,yes1 "s ri* p]son mu/ end[ a tra9+ s*ool = nurses1--t s\nds l hospitals2 = *ild-nurses1--t s\nds l wet-nurses2 = nurse-maids1--:y ne$ !y be maids1 ?\gh8 ,well1 if !y 7 m>ri$1 !y w\ld h *ildr5 ( _! own ( c\rse1 & c\ldn't take c>e ( ours4 ,"o w\ld ?9k1 ?\gh1 t mo!rhood w\ld give !m m exp]i5ce1--t !y w\ld "k h[ to c>e = *ildr5 bett]4 ,b1 !n1 !y w\ldn't want to leave _! own *ildr5 to take c>e ( ours4 ,& !y c\ldn't take c>e ( !m toge!r4 ,a "m w\ld naturally d m = h] own3 %e w\ldn't be fair4 ,a tra9+ s*ool = nurse-maids4 ,aft] all1 maid does n mean unm>ri$ 9 ?is connection3 x means simply s]vant4 ,& nurse comes f ! "t :5 m]e nurs+ 0 all t 0 requir$1--a k9d ( a survival ( old cu/oms4 ,h[ ^! ?+s d op5 up1 :5 "o ?9ks ab\t !m6 ,:y nurse-maid at all6 ,:y n h a new & attractive "n3 t w\ld help make !m g to ! tra9+ s*ool1 too4 ,nurse1 nurs+1--x isn't nurs+ our *ildr5 want4 ,!y are n sick1 & !y don't /ay babies all ! "t !y ne$ ?is p]son4 ,:at is x t our *ildr5 ne$8 ,( c\rse1 !y d ne$ direct1 p]sonal c>e2 &1 :5 !y are babies1 !y ne$ real nurs+1--j somebody to--to--well1 !y h to be f$1--& t only ne$s a k ( infant physiology & nutrition2 to keep ! bottles clean1 ( c\rse1 & be v accurate1 & foll[ directions4 ,!y don't ne$ to "k s mu* aft] all3 ! doctor tells :at to give x to eat & :at n to4 ,& ! "m und]/&s ! *ild's ne$s6 ,/ill1 ev5 = babies1 !y ne$ "s k9d ( tra9+1--! nurses1 ,i mean1--n ! mo!rs3 x is div9ely implant$ 9 ! "m4 ,&1 !n1 mo!rs are /udy+ ^! ?+s n[4 ,i "k ev] s _m "y mo!rs :o are tak+ *ild-/udy n[2 & ab\t nutrition1 too4 ,b ! tr\ble is !y c't dep5d on ! nurses to c>ry out in/ructions4 ,if !y 7 only tru/wor?y6 ,w ! tra9+ s*ools make !m hon\rable8 ,i suppose s4 ,!y w\ld get "s s5se ( ! importance & dignity ( _! "w4 ,!y w\ld be grad$ & m>k$1 ( c\rse1 9 _! diplomas1 s t "o c\ld pick out ! dep5dable ones2 & t w\ld gradually elevate ! /&>d4 ,! tr\ble is1 ( c\rse1 :5 !y g out4 ,*ildr5 mu/ be out ( doors2 &1 9 cities :]e we h no y>ds1 !y _c be "u ! "m's eye1 s !y mu/ be out ) ! nurse-maid4 ,t's p]fectly logical4 ,!n !re are ! o!r nurse-maids4 ,"o _c keep !m isolat$3 t's out ( ! "q4 ,& if !y h admir]s1 z !y d1 ( c\rse1--"y girls always w h admir]s1 & tra9+ s*ools w n alt] t1--:y1 if !y meet _! admir]s1 x has a t5d5cy to make !m c>eless4 ,t is natural4 ,we mu/ all[ = su* ?+s4 ,& x is a p]fectly natural temptation to take ! baby to see _! own families4 ,we =bid x1 ( c\rse2 b ,i admit t x is a temptation4 ,& !re are all ^? awful risks ( diseases & ?+s4 ,n[1 if _! families 7 nic] p & liv$ 9 nic] places1--b !n !y w\ldn't want to be nurse-maids6 ,b if ! tra9+ s*ool raises wages & /&>ds1 t w h an effect on ! class ( p :o take up ! "w4 ,x c]ta9ly is ! noble/1 mo/ beautiful1 mo/ important "w 9 ! _w1--! tra9+ ( *ildr54 ,i wond] :y our own girls d n take x up1--our college girls4 ,b !n1 ( c\rse1 !y w\ldn't be nurse-maids4 ,p]haps1 if x _h ano!r "n-- ,n[ let me ?9k1 & be fair4 ,w\ld ,i want my si/] ,jessie to be a nurse-maid8 ,%e is tak+ a k9d]g>t5 c\rse1 & we all approve ( t3 x does help "o s 9 all ^? problems t p]plex a "m6 ,b1 if %e w5t to ,mrs4 ,mac,adoo's z a nurse-maid-- ,! ,mac,adoos are nice p1 too2 & ! *ildr5 are z nice z any ,i "k4 ,!y h a ,sw$i% nurse-maid n[1--a big1 he>ty1 :olesome-look+ girl1 b /upid4 ,:y1 %e _c answ] ! simple/ que/ions ,h>old asks1 h>dly2 & he's always ask+ !m4 ,jessie has him 9 ! k9d]g>t5 :]e %e is4 ,i don't mean t %e's ! pr9cipal1 b %e is tra9+ !re2 & %e tells me :at a bright *ild he is1 & :at /upid ?+s ,*ri/9e has told him4 ,& y see he has ,jessie only ?ree h\rs a day1 & ,*ri/9e all ! "t he's awake4 ,jessie is tak+ a special c\rse 9 infant psy*ology1 & %e says ,*ri/9e is do+ him a _w ( h>m4 ,b %e is s good-natur$ & fai?ful t !y keep h]4 ,!y don't realise t h] be+ /upid is any h>m to ! *ildr51 ,i suppose4 ,b1 if ,jessie _h him all ! "t1 ,h>old c]ta9ly w\ld develope m rationally & m easily4 ,& yet ,i am sure ,jessie w\ld n take ,*ri/9e's place4 ,y see we visit ! ,mac,adoos1 & x w\ld be s awkw>d4 ,n[1 ,i ?9k1--logically1--,i am approa*+ a--,i =get ! "n ( x1 b x's a ?+ !re's no way out (4 ,we w\ld l our nurse-maids to be ladies1 b ladies are n will+ to be nurse-maids4 ,n[ w ! tra9+ s*ool make ladies--or1 at lea/1 p>tial ladies--( our nurse-maids8 ,&1 if x does1 w t make !m dis9cl9$ to be nurse-maids8 ,or c we arrange ! position ( ! nurse-maid1 s t ladies w be will+ to take x8 ,:at is ! real diff]5ce betwe5 ,jessie's position & ,*ri/9e's8 ,:y1 ,jessie has a lot ( *ildr5 come to h] "p ( ! "t2 & ,*ri/9e has a few *ildr51 & goes to !m all ! "t4 ,& ,jessie has1--or w h :5 %e's graduat$ & has a k9d]g>t5 ( h] own1 z ,i d>esay %e w1--%e has control ( ! *ildr5 :ile !y are ) h]1 & c c>ry out h] pr9ciples4 ,! mo!rs ev5 consult h] sometimes4 ,b ,*ri/9e has to c>ry out ! "m's ord]s4 ,%e does :at %e is told--or ought to4 ,no1 ,jessie nev] w\ld be will+ to take ,mrs4 ,mac,adoo's ord]s ab\t ! *ildr54 ,mrs4 ,mac,adoo is exceptionally /upid ab\t *ildr51 ,i d ?9k4 ,%e doesn't ?9k ,*ri/9e's tell+ !m /ories ab\t ?+s to fright5 !m is any h>m1--says !y'll outgr[ x4 ,& anybody :o kn[s any?+ ( infant psy*ology kn[s h[ dang]\s x is to fright5 *ildr54 ,& yet1 ( c\rse1 to be p]fectly fair1 ,i w\ldn't want a nurse-maid to dictate to me ab\t my *ild4 ,x is out ( ! "q--absolutely4 ,:y1 x w\ld de/roy ! "m's influ5ce & au?ority altoge!r6 ,&--come to ?9k ( x--,i suppose a tra9$ nurse-maid w\ld h views ( h] own1 & !y might conflict ) ! "m's-- ,n[1 :]e ,i h got to s f>1--x is beautiful1 ?9k+ ?+s out cle>ly1--we want our *ildr5 tak5 c>e ( by ladies1 hon\rable1 intellig5t1 educat$1 ref9$1 & specially tra9$ = ! bus9ess4 ,i'm q c]ta9 ab\t t4 ,l ,jessie1 = in/ance4 ,%e is j born = x1--always did love *ildr51 & knew h[ to manage !m f ! "t %e 0 a little girl4 ,& %e's /udy+ all ! sci5ce ( x & practis+ 9 ! k9d]g>t51--on ! same k9d ( *ildr51 too4 ,jessie is ! ideal4 ,x is really wond]ful to see h] ) !m4 ,!y love h]1 & !y d :at %e says1 too2 b %e nev] seems to be mak+ !m d any?+3 !y j d x4 ,^? ,mac,adoos behave v mu* bett] ) h] ?an !y d ) _! "m4 ,i believe mo/ ( ! *ildr5 d1 = t matt]4 ,except little ,cassie ,wells4 ,%e has ! mo/ devot$ "m ,i ev] saw4 ,x is a lesson to u all4 ,%e nev] lets h] out ( h] sight1 ,i d believe4 ,(t5 comes to ! k9d]g>t51 j to be ) h]4 ,&1 y see1 ,cassie j dep5ds on h] = ev]y?+2 & nobody else c d any?+ ) h]4 ,x is beautiful1--su* absolute dep5d5ce & absorption4 ,yes1 z ,i said1 ,jessie is ! ideal4 ,b1 !n1 ,jessie is n a nurse-maid1 & nev] w\ld be4 ,( c\rse1 if !re 0 any way t ,jessie c\ld h ! *ildr5 ) h] & h h] way ) !m1 z %e does 9 ! k9d]g>t5--,b y c't d t ) little *ildr51--y _c sep>ate ! *ild f its "m6 ,:5 !y are old]1 !y g to s*ool1 ( c\rse2 &1 :5 !y are old] yet1 !y g to college1 & s on4 ,b ! little *ild ne$s its "m e h\r4 ,&1 z its "m _c possibly give x e h\r1 we h to h ! nurse-maid4 ,if mo!rs _h no o!r claims1 !n1 ( c\rse1 y w\ld h ! highe/ ideal relation4 ,cassie ,wells's "m has giv5 up ev]y?+ else4 ,%e doesn't g out ) h] husb& at all4 ,says t society has no claim beside t ( ! *ild4 ,( c\rse1 he /ays at home ) h]--mo/ly4 ,i'm sure a man ought to value 8 wife's society m ?an any o!r1 especially :5 %e is su* a devot$ "m4 ,%e takes all ! p]iodicals ab\t *ildr51 & reads all ! books2 & !n %e modifies x all to suit h] p>ticul> *ild4 ,i nev] knew any "m s consci5ti\sly giv5 up to ! c>e ( a *ild4 ,%e really talks ( no?+ else4 ,&1 :5 t *ild is sick1--& %e is extremely delicate & always hav+ dang]\s illnesses1--h] "m is simply glu$ to h] b$side3 !y c't drag h] away4 ,x is a pity t ! *ild is n bett] mat]ial2 = %e isn't p>ticul>ly bright1 nor v well behav$1 ,i ?9k4 ,b1 !n1 h] "m is do+ ev]y?+ t c be done4 ,jessie says t *ild is be+ mo!r$ too mu*1--t %e ne$s m fre$om & an imp>tial outside managem5t4 ,b1 !n1 ,jessie is a good deal ( a !ori/2 &1 aft] all1 %e isn't a "m4 ,no?+ c really equal ! "m's c>e = h] own *ild6 ,/ill1 we simply c't d x1--all ( u1--z families increase4 ,we owe some?+ to our husb&s1 ,i am sure2 & we h our social duties2 & our heal? is n always equal to su* a /ra94 ,no1 ! "m mu/ h help2 & t means ! nurse-maid4 ,x's no use talk+ ab\t ,jessie4 ,ev5 if %e w\ld d x1 !re's n en\gh ( h] to g ar\nd6 ,we nev] c expect t faculty ) *ildr5 9 ev]ybody3 !y simply don't h x4 ,mo/ girls don't c>e mu* = *ildr51 nor "k any?+ ab\t !m4 ,( c\rse1 aft] !y become mo!rs1 x is diff]5t4 ,!n x all comes to !m4 ,n[1 if nurse-maids c\ld be mo!rs fir/-- ,b ,i argu$ t out be=e4 ,if !y 71 !y w\ldn't be mo!rs ( our *ildr52 & mo!rhood only tea*es h[ to d :at is be/ = "o's own *ildr54 ,besides1 we c\ldn't hire !m !n1 because we w\ld n sep>ate mo!rs f _! own *ildr52 &1 if !y _h _! *ildr5 & ours1 too1 !y w\ld n treat !m fairly4 ,& we w\ld n want !m br\ght up ) ours1 ei!r4 ,no1 !y've got to be maids1 t's sure4 ,n[ ! av]age "y girl does n "k or c>e mu* ab\t *ildr54 ,!re=e1 %e has to be tra9$4 7,:at a com=t x is to be really logical67 ,&1 z !re is no place to tra9 !m n[1 we h got to make a place4 ,x all comes r\nd to ! tra9+ s*ool = nurse-maids4 ,t's ! logical outcome4 ,aga91 s9ce we mu/ h private nurse-maids "u our ord]s1--really a s]vant1--we _c expect ladies to take su* positions4 ,&--?is ought to be brackett$ ) t la/--s9ce we _c1 ( c\rse1 pay m ?an s mu*1 t is aga9/ ladies do+ x1 too4 ,"s p c1 ,i "k4 ,jessie told me ( a v nice girl %e knew1--a classmate 9 college & a tra9$ k9d]g>tn]1--:o 0 unable to get su* a position z %e want$1 & took a place ) "s v ri* p z a sort ( lady nurse-tea*] to ! *ildr54 ,b %e said x 0 p]fectly horrid1 especially 9 travell+1 hav+ to eat ) s]vants & be treat$ z su*4 ,i c see t x w\ld take a k9d ( h]oism1 & we _c really c\nt on h]oic nurse-maids4 ,no1 x has to be f ! l[] classes t we take our nurse-maids4 ,i ?9k t is prov$4 ,! av]age employ] simply c\ldn't pay !m en\gh to attract a high] class ( lab\r4 ,^! are really que/ions ( political economy 9 "p1 y see4 ,! ord9>y "y girl ( ! l[] classes1--t is ! raw mat]ial ( our nurse-maid4 ,naturally1 %e is ill-mann]$ or unmann]$1 & c>eless & ignorant & all ^? ?+s4 ,!re=e1 we mu/ tra9 h]4 ,9 ord] to d t1 we mu/ fir/ provide ! tra9+ s*ool1 &1 second1 make h] g to x4 ,n[ ,i wond] h[ we c\ld d t4 ,! high] wages w\ld be an object ( c\rse3 t w\ld h to be insi/$ on4 ,& we might create a s5tim5t4 ,t's x6 ,t's :at we mu/ d1--create a s5tim5t4 ,b x's no use do+ any?+ till we've got ! s*ool4 ,& ,i work$ t out z hav+ to be done by private end[m5t4 ,t involves agitation1 ( c\rse2 & we mu/ set ab\t x4 ,we c get tea*]s pl5ty1 !re is s mu* int]e/ 9 *ild-/udy n[2 & x w be a spl5did ?+ = ! l[] classes to take _! "y girls & tra9 !m ?or\ghly 9 ! !ory ( *ild-culture4 ,x w make !m s mu* bett] mo!rs aft]w>d1 :5 !y d m>ry1 aft] sp5d+ "s ye>s 9 tak+ c>e ( our *ildr51--putt+ _! !ories 9 practice6 ,b wait4 ,t looks que]4 ,looks z if ! ri* p 7 furni%+ elaborate in/ruction free1--to "y wom5 ( ! l[] classes1--& !n pay+ !m good wages = practis+ on ! *ildr5 ( ! upp] classes1 s t ! poor wom5 might be bett] mo!rs aft]w>d4 ,i mu/ h made a mi/ake some:]e4 ,i'm go+ to rev]se t position1 & see h[ x w\ld "w4 ,suppose "y girls ( ! upp] classes took elaborate in/ruction 9 *ild-culture1 & !n practis$ on ! *ildr5 ( ! l[] classes1 9 ord] to be bett] mo!rs aft]w>d4 ,t seems m satisfactory1 someh[2 yet x means a lot ( "w4 ,x w\ld d our girls good--,i c see t--& d ! *ildr5 ( ! l[] classes good1 &1 no d\bt1 make ! girls bett] mo!rs4 ,besides1 ,i'm wa/+ "t1--argu+ 9 a circle1 ,john w\ld say2 = t upp]-class-girl hypo!sis w\ldn't give u nurse-maids4 ,n[ :]e 0 ,i8 ,mo!rs h to h help2 i4e41 nurse-maids4 ,^! h to be private s]vants at l[ wages3 !re=e1 ladies w\ld n d x4 ,!re=e1 we mu/ h our *ildr5 tak5 c>e ( by girls f ! l[] classes4 ,!y are n suitable p]sons to take c>e ( *ildr5 z !y /&3 !re=e1 we mu/ tra9 !m4 ,n[ ,i mean to really "w = ?is ?+1--to create a s5tim5t4 ,i'll beg9 e>ly 9 ! autumn1 z soon z we get back4 ,& ,i'm s glad ,i'm go+ to h su* a lovely summ] to make me fit = x4 ,y see ,i'm v mu* pull$ d[n4 ,little ,john has be5 su* a c>e1 & ! nurse-maids ,i've _h h be5 s unreliable4 ,:y1 ! *ild has be5 sick aga9 & aga9 j ?r\gh _! c>elessness4 ,i'm sure ( x4 ,& "m said ,i simply mu/ g away & build up1 = ! *ild's own sake2 & ,john agre$ ) h]--= once4 ,& !re's su* a lovely arrangem5t = ! summ]3 no?+ ev] happ5$ m conv5i5tly4 ,y see ,jessie is su* an en?usia/ ab\t *ildr54 ,& %e has plann$ to be at home ?is summ]4 ,our home is p]fectly lovely1 anyway1 & v heal?y1--q 9 ! c\ntry1 & yet )9 easy rea* ( t[n4 ,!y're go+ to h ! ,summ] ,s*ool ( ,*ild-/udy !re at ,seabay ?is ye>1 & ,jessie has sev]al ( h] class visit+ h]4 ,& %e said1 9 h] solemn1 funny way1 t !y mu/ h specim5s to "w on1--fir/-class specim5s6 ,%e insi/$ on little ,john1 ( c\rse1 & %e's p]suad$ ,cl>a & ,george to let h] h _! ?ree = a :ile2 & ! little ,mac,adoos are to be !re1 too4 ,x w be a regul> picnic = ! *ildr54 ,x took a long "t to br+ me r\nd to x4 ,b1 !n1 x's my own lovely home4 ,i "k h[ heal?y x is4 ,& "m w be !re4 ,& "o ( ,jessie's fri5ds is a doctor1 & 9 a *ildr5's hospital1 too4 ,%e ought to see t ev]y?+ is "r = _! heal?4 ,s1 if !y are happy 9 t lovely old place1 & heal?y & well taught & safe1 :y1 ,i suppose ,i c leave4 ,( c\rse1 ,i w\ldn't = any?+ on e>? b heal?4 ,mrs4 ,wells 0 p]fectly horrifi$ :5 ,i told h]4 ,!y ask$ ,cassie1 too2 b %e w\ldn't he> ( x4 ,%e said no?+ b dea? %\ld ev] sep>ate h] f h] *ild4 ,&1 de> me1 ,cassie look$ s :ite t x really seem$ z if x w\ld4 ,%e made me feel guilty aga92 b ,john c't come to any h>m ) my "m's exp]i5ce & ,jessie's k & natural tal5t4 ,t's ! ma9 ?+4 ,jessie always c>$ m = *ildr5 ?an ,i did1--except little ,john1 ( c\rse4 ,!y've fix$ ! place up on purpose = *ildr54 ,su* arrangem5ts = ba?+ & digg+ & mud-pie+ & g>d5+ & s on y nev] saw4 ,!re is some?+ = ^? *icks to d all ! bless$ "t1 & ^! nice girls--my own fri5ds--to be ) !m e m9ute4 ,y see !y take turns & relieve ea* o!r1 s !y are always fre% = ! *ildr54 ,&1 !n be+ s en?usia/ic & sci5tific1 x isn't drudg]y to !m4 ,!y are /udy+ all ! "t4 ,& h[ glad ,i %all be to get back 9 ! fall6 ,!n ,i c "w up t tra9+ s*ool = nurse-maids4 ,,xiii4 ,,*ildr5 ,,& ,,s]vants4 ,9 ! gr[+ discont5t ) our pres5t me?ods ( h\sehold s]vice1 :ile we wav] betwe5 long-held prejudice1 old & de>1 & ! irresi/ible pressure ( new conditions1 x is wor? :ile to weigh well ! relation betwe5 ?is pres5t me?od ( h\se-s]vice & our pres5t me?od ( *ild-culture4 ,! home is ! place 9 :i* we re> "y *ildr54 ,x is also ! place 9 :i* we p]=m c]ta9 k9ds ( lab\r1 ma9ly cook+1 clean+1 & sew+4 ,9 ! va/ majority ( our homes1 fully n9e-t5?s ( !m1 z %[n by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus ,report1 giv+ ! numb] ( dome/ic s]vants 9 proportion to ! numb] ( families1 ^! indu/ries are c>ri$ on by ! "m4 ,%e is ! dome/ic s]vant4 ,9 ! rema9+ "o-t5? ( our homes ! lab\r is p]=m$ by hir$ s]vants1 ! maid-(-all-"w /ill greatly pr$om9at+4 ,! que/ions "h sugge/$ = consid]ation are3 fir/1 is a "m1 :o is also a h\se-s]vant1 able to supply prop] conditions & c>e to "y *ildr58 ,&1 second1 is ! company ( dome/ic s]vants1 o!r ?an _! mo!rs1 & con/ant association ) _! indu/ries1 a desirable condition = ! education ( "y *ildr58 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 difficult to consid] ) any cle>ness ( p]ception facts :i* h be5 always famili>4 ,! association ( *ild & s]vant is s old t x makes no impression on our consci\sness4 ,x w1 p]haps1 br+ out ! relation m vividly to *ange ! sex ( ! s]vant4 ,suppose a man is left ) boys to educate4 ,suppose he engages a tutor = 8 boys4 ,he is will+ to pay well = a man ) ! prop] ability1 "*1 & tra9+ to come & b5efit 8 *ildr5 by in/ruction & association4 ,w\ld su* a man be will+ to engage a tutor :o 0 also a janitor8 ,w\ld he be will+ to sp>e ! "t requir$ to fill ! janitor's position f ! "t requir$ to fill ! tutor's position8 ,or w\ld he be will+ to engage a man :o _h s little fitness = ! pr(ession ( tutor z to be cont5t to act z janitor also8 ,aga91 9 s5d+ 8 boys to s*ool to be educat$1 w\ld a man be will+ to h t s*ool also run z a re/aurant1 a laundry1 & a tailor %op8 ,w\ld he ?9k ^! indu/ries & ! society ( ! p]sons engag$ 9 !m good educational influ5ces8 ,x is cle> t a man w\ld n be will+ to d ^! ?+s4 ,yet all m5 *e]fully intru/ _! *ildr51 dur+ _! mo/ impressionable ye>s1 to ! society & c>e ( dome/ic s]vants & ! con/ant association ) dome/ic indu/ries4 ,9 mo/ cases ! s]vant is also ! "m4 ,9 o!r cases ! s]vant is n ! "m4 ,9 ei!r case ! *ild gr[s up 9 association ) dome/ic s]vants & s]vice4 ,let u n too readily conclude t ?is is an evil1 b exam9e x c>efully1 9 its physical & psy*ical effects4 ,physically1 ! *ild is born into a c]ta9 k9d ( %op or factory4 ,! conditions ( any lab\r 9 ! home are p>ticul>ly op5 to criticism2 our sweat-%op inve/igations %[ t 9 gl>+ in/ance4 ,intimate associations ) a trade1 & especially a dirty or dang]\s "o1 does n seem advantage\s to a *ild's heal? & progress4 ,9 n9e homes out ( t5 ! *ild is directly associat$ ) ! trades ( 8 "m1 :o is a cook1 a laundress1 a clean] 9 g5]al2 & ! baby is e>ly accu/om$ to ! fumes & heat ( ! kit*51 to grease & a%es & du/1 to all ! kit*5-"w1 laundry-"w1 *amb]-"w1 & endless miscellane\s indu/ries ( 8 "m4 ,9 ! o!r t5? ( our homes ! *ild gr[s up a little remov$1 b n f>1 f ^! same indu/ries4 ,!y g on "u 8 eyes none ! less1 b ) a c]ta9 ban ^u !m1 z s]vant's "w4 ,any "m & h\sewife kn[s ! complications cont9ually aris+ betwe5 *ildr5 & s]vants4 ,e>ly associations are deep & la/+4 ,dome/ic s]vants are n1 z a rule1 ei!r at all tra9$ 9 ! "r treatm5t ( *ildr5 or 9 su* p]sonal developm5t ( "* & mann]s z w\ld make !m desirable companions = ! "y4 ,yet companions !y are1--incessant1 intimate1 unavoidable4 ,! =mative influ5ce ( a nurse-maid or ( a maid-(-all-"w is ( v>y+ weight 9 diff]5t cases1 b always a factor 9 ! *ild's developm5t4 ,! education ( a *ild consi/s 9 e impression receiv$ by ! gr[+ bra91 n m]ely ^? receiv$ :5 we are in/ruct+ x4 ,we might give an h\r a day to c>eful in/ruction 9 good mann]s3 we might ourselves be models ( propriety2 b1 if ! *ild is also 9 ! society ( conspicu\sly ill-mann]$ p]sons e day1 an effect w surely be produc$ by !m4 ,x may be sugge/$ t an end is to be atta9$ ?r\gh exhibit+ ! defici5cies ( s]vants1 & exhort+ ! *ild to despise !m1 z ! ,sp>tans us$ ! ,helots = an awful example2 b1 ev5 if ?is 7 ga9$1 !re w\ld foll[ ) x a _s ( scorn & contempt = fell[-creatures mo/ injuri\s to true social developm5t4 ,a little *ild %\ld be surr\nd$ ) ! be/ influ5ces ( all sorts1 & ) behavi\r n to avoid1 b to imitate4 ,! long p]iod ( immaturity1 :i* is "o ( our human di/9ctions1 has its value 9 ! accumulat$ improvem5ts :i* may be built into ! race 9 t "t4 ,x is a p]iod ( enri*m5t1 ( cle> gr[?4 ,to expose ! "y to disadvantage\s conditions1 especially ! v "y1 is a me?od ( education f9d+ no prec$5t 9 nature & no ju/ification 9 reason4 ,! adult1 ) develop$ p[]s1 may f9d 9 "s degree ( difficulty a /imulus to fur!r ef=t2 &1 if confront$ ) injuri\s conditions1 may /rive ! h>d] to escape or *ange !m4 ,b ! new p]son1 ! *ild1 has no backgr\nd4 ,he c make no comp>isons4 ,he accepts 8 fir/ environm5t unque/ion+ly z ! _w2 x is all ! _w he kn[s4 ,= ! v reason t we 7 all born & re>$ 9 ! dome/ic factory1 we f9d x h>d to imag9e any o!r conceivable surr\nd+s = a "y human be+ to meet life 94 ,we h accept$ x )\t dream ( criticism4 ,yet 9 physical conditions alone ! h\sehold indu/ries furni% a l>ge & con/ant elem5t ( dang] to ! *ild4 ,a mo/ casual retrospect ( ! accid5ts common to *ildhood1 :i* s %ock u 9 ! daily press1 %[ ?is ) />tl+ cle>ness4 ,*ildr5 suff] f accid5ts by fire1 by boil+ wat]1 by %>p in/rum5ts1 by injuri\s sub/ances tak5 into ! /oma*4 ,! indu/ry ( cook+ alone involves ! free use ( fire1 a con/ant succession ( hot products1 _m %>p in/rum5ts = cutt+ & /abb+1 & v>i\s food elem5ts heal?ful 9 comb9ation1--b (t5 injuri\s :5 tak5 sep>ately by "o ignorant ( _! nature4 ,! kit*5 & ! laundry are responsible = _m horrible & sudd5 dea?s among "y *ildr51 & _m m pa9ful accid5ts4 ,giv5 ! ess5tial ignorance & z ess5tial exp]im5ts ( *ildhood1 & we may well wond] h[ x has s long seem$ good to u to br+ up our babies among su* l>ge *ances ( dang]4 ,if we re>$ !m 9 /ables1 we %\ld expect !m to be kick$ occasionally2 if we plac$ !m 9 saw-mills1 we %\ld look = "s deficit 9 f+]s2 & a *ild 9 a cook-%op has 8 /eady av]age risk ( injury by fire1 /eel1 or poison2 9 ! laundry1 ! add$ *ance ( dr[n+4 ,ap>t f ^! ma9 s\rces ( dang]1 he f9ds 9 sweep+1 du/+1 & all ! unc\nt$ activities ( h\sehold toil mu* t is detrim5tal to heal? & safety4 ,to avoid ^! dang]s1 our fir/ ef=t has be5 to tra9 ! *ild to a prompt & in/ant ob$i5ce1 su* z conditions ( imm95t dang] & milit>y rule alone c ju/ify1 & also to *eck 8 natural & mo/ valuable t5d5cy to inve/igate & exp]im5t4 ,! lab\rs ( ! h\sehold mu/ g on3 economic laws are p]emptory2 & ! s]vant1 :o is educat+ ! baby s unconsci\sly1 _c /op "w to expla9 or illu/rate4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! v pres5ce ( ! *ild is inimical to ! prop] p]=mance ( ^! imp]ative indu/ries2 & ! flu%$ & hurri$ s]vant cries3 ,run away n[4 ,mamma's busy6 ,:]e is ! *ild to run to8 ,?is is home4 ,:5 is mamma n busy8 ,to prop]ly p]=m ! h\sehold lab\r ( an av]age family1 :i* is ( five p]sons 9 an av]age h\se1--say ( six rooms1--takes t5 h\rs a day ( swift1 intellig5t1 skill$ lab\r4 ,dur+ :at "p ( ?is "t c ! h\sehold lab\r] give due att5tion to ! *ild8 ,or is x suffici5t education to wat* a s]vant at "w1 & to help a little :5 "o is old en\gh8 ,if ! indu/ries involv$ 7 prop]ly divid$1 specializ$1 & develop$1 mu* t is valuable might be ga!r$ f _! obs]vation1 & f gu>d$ exp]im5t1 by *ildr5 :o are old en\gh4 ,a *ild c receive valuable in/ruction 9 a wooll5-mill or a blacksmi? %op1 b x does n foll[ t ^! places are suitable z nurs]ies4 ,! lack ( any true educational value 9 ! position is suffici5tly %[n by ! ceaseless c5turies ( ignorance 9 ^! v trades4 ,all wom51 = all "t1 re>$ 9 ?is intimate association ) dome/ic s]vice & dome/ic s]vants1 h fail$ to "w out any bett] grade ( p]=mance ?an t :i* /ill furni%es ! /aple ( conv]sation among !m4 ,x is q evid5t1 f ! results s pa9fully visible ar\nd u1 t ! education ( our *ildr5 by h\se-s]vants developes nei!r g5]al intellig5ce nor special pr(ici5cy4 ,! intellectual progress ( humanity has %[n close connection ) ! ext5sion ( indu/ry 9 l>g] l9es1 ) a gr[+ specialisation1 a wid] di/ribution1 &1 ( c\rse1 ) ! beautiful gr[? 9 special me?ods ( education4 ,b ?is kit*5 education1 ?\gh we h enjoy$ its advantages = s long1 does n seem to %[ good results4 ,! educational value ( ! "m seems n to be 9 proportion to h] occupation z a h\se-s]vant1 b ! rev]se4 ,x w\ld seem t our *ildr5 gr[ 9 intellig5ce & good behavi\r r 9 spite ( ! dome/ic indu/ries ?an because ( !m4 ,any "m :o is awake to ! limitless possibilities ( *ild-culture1 & :o beg9s to "w out "s well-consid]$ plan = its pursuance1 kn[s ! ceaseless int]ruptions ( h] ef=ts1 & ! p]emptory monopolisation ( h] "t1 by ! dem&s ( h\sehold lab\r4 ,s f>1 ) true womanly pati5ce1--a pati5ce :i* ceas$ to be a virtue "s ye>s ago1--%e has accept$ ! condition z inevitable1 & plodd$ on1 consol+ h]self ) a day unto day philosophy1 & ) do+ ! be/ %e c\ld2 & _m morali/s consol$ h]1 say+1 ,bless$ be drudg]y6 ,drudg]y has a c]ta9 value1 no d\bt4 ,x developes c]ta9 *>act]i/ics2 namely1 ^? ( a compet5t & cont5t$ drudge4 ,! "q rais$ "h is m]ely :e!r ?is k9d ( "w & ! *>act]i/ics develop$ by x are suitable educational associations = "y *ildr54 ,:at are ! qualities develop$ by h\se-s]vice8 ,let u suppose t we are all1 fa!rs z well z mo!rs1 occupi$ solely 9 h\sehold lab\r4 ,! effect may be /udi$ f "o po9t ( view 9 ^? c\ntries :]e !re are m m5-s]vants ?an ) u1 & :]e ! pr(ession is sometimes foll[$ = g5]ations4 ,! typical "* ( a butl] or footman1 a p>l\r-maid1 cook1 or g5]al s]vant1 may be trac$ ?r\gh all p]sonal v>iation4 ,giv5 any sort ( p]son1 & put him or h] ?r\gh a lifetime ( dome/ic s]vice1 & c]ta9 *>act]i/ics appe>1 modifi$ to a l>ge degree by p]sonality1 b typical none ! less4 ,?is palpable result ( h\se-s]vice is famili> to u all1 & n desir$ 9 ourselves or our *ildr54 ,admitt+ all p]sonal good qualities 9 ! individual s]vant1 t 9 8 be>+ :i* di/+ui%es x f ! be>+ we call soldi]ly or g5tlemanly or ev5 bus9ess-l is ! natural result ( 8 =m ( lab\r1--( p]sonal dome/ic s]vice4 ,:]e ! purpose ( action is to s]ve "o individual or a v few individuals1--& ?is n s mu* 9 m9i/]+ to g5]al ne$s z 9 cat]+ to p]sonal ta/es1--^? :o ?us lab\r are *eck$ 9 developm5t by ! measure ( ! ta/es !y s]ve4 ,t is ! re/rictive t5d5cy1 resi/$ accord+ to p]sonal p[] & ability1 b always produc+ "s result4 ,a race ( m5 :o 7 "o & all cont5t$ to be butl]s & footm5 w\ld n give z noble a fa!rhood z ! _w ne$s2 & a race ( wom5 :o are cont5t$ to be cooks & h\semaids d n give z noble a mo!rhood z ! _w ne$s4 ,%>p exception w1 no d\bt1 be tak5 to ! use ( ! ^w s]vant to designate ! n9e out ( t5 wom5 :o d _! own "w4 ,!re is a diff]5ce1 we freely admit4 ,!y d ! same "w 9 ! same way1 b !y h diff]5t motives4 ,!y d x f a s5se ( duty1 (t-times1 in/ead ( a desire = wages2 = !y get no wages4 ,!y d x simply because !y h to1 sometimes1 feel+ x to be m]ely a disagreeable necessity4 ,!y d x f a m direct self-int]e/ ?an ! s]vant1 z well z f a great] self-sacrifice4 ,few1 v few wom5 love x1 & cont9ue to d x a day beyond ! "t :5 _! husb&s c af=d to hire ano!r woman4 ,:atev] ! moral quality ( int5tion & ! value ( "o's frame ( m9d1 ! reactive effect ( "o's daily lab\r is inexorable4 ,no matt] h[ high & holy ! purpose ( ! toil+ h\sewife1 no matt] :e!r %e glories 9 h] task or hates x1 h] bra9 is daily modifi$ by its k9d ( ex]cise z surely z h] f+]s are greas$ by ! di%-wat]1 crack$ by ! soap-suds1 & call\s$ by ! broom4 ,! am\nt ( lab\r & c>e requir$ to run a h\sehold com=tably is n small4 ,x takes no mean intellig5ce to adm9i/] a home4 ,s does x require intellig5ce1 lab\r1 & c>e to run a retail dry-goods %op or a railroad tra94 ,! po9t to /udy is :e!r ?is p>ticul> species ( lab\r & c>e is conducive to ! be/ *ild-culture4 ,c ! av]age woman successfully manage ! m+l$ indu/ries ( h] h\sehold & ! education ( h] *ildr58 ,x may be repli$ at once1 ) "s triumph1 ,yes1 %e does6 ,to :i* we m]ely rejo91 ,does %e8 ,we "k t ! h\sehold indu/ries are c>ri$ on 9 "s fa%ion2 & t *ildr5 gr[ up amid !m 7su* ( !m z d n die71 & are--:5 gr[n--! k9d ( p we see ab\t u4 ,p did live & re> *ildr5 9 caves1 9 t5ts1 9 huts1 9 feudal ca/les4 ,x is a "q n ( ! b>e possibility ( ma9ta9+ ! race1 b ( ! relative advantages ( me?ods ( culture4 ,our rate ( infant mortality is %amefully l>ge1 & due ma9ly to :at physicians t]m prev5table diseases4 ,x is q op5 to discussion :e!r ^? diseases are n (t5 traceable to ! insanit>y conditions ( h\sehold lab\r1 & _! cont9u$ preval5ce to ! limitations ( ! kit*5-br$ intellects ( n9e-t5?s ( our mo!rs4 ,no human be+1 be %e nev] s mu* a "m1 c be 9 two places at once or d full ju/ice to sev]al v>i$ functions ) "o di/ract$ bra94 ,t ! "m comes s ne> x 9 _m cases is a spl5did tribute to ! p[] ( love2 t %e fails 9 su* degree is no reproa* to h]1 s long z %e is unable to alt] ! indu/rial conditions "u :i* h] mo!rhood is re/rict$4 ,n[ t economic progress makes x possible to introduce new & wide improvem5ts1 ! "m does become responsible1 if %e fails to see & take advantage ( ! *ange4 ,our complex & ill-develop$ h\sehold lab\rs t5d to produce c]ta9 special m5tal capacities 9 ^? :o p]=m !m4 ,! h\sewife mu/ hold 9 m9d ! entire cont5ts ( ! home1--all its furni%+1 decorations1 ut5sils1 & supplies4 ,%e mu/ keep a runn+ acc\nt ( /ock1 & make good ! incessant & irregul> defici5cies ( l95-closet1 w>drobe1 cupbo>d1 & pantry1 z well z ! we> & te> on ! ma*9]y & furni%+s4 ,?is developes "o ord] ( bra91--! adm9i/rative4 ,! h\se-s]vant mu/ exhibit skill 9 sev]al di/9ct trades1 & a swift facility = disconnect+ ! m9d & readju/+ x z promptly4 ,?is developes ano!r ord] ( bra91--! executive1--! developm5t s]i\sly h9d]$ 9 special p]fection by ! att5dant facility = disconnection4 ,nei!r ( ^! m5tal p[]s is t ( ! educator1 especially ! educator ( babies4 ,! capacity = subtle1 long-cont9u$1 nicely balanc$ obs]vation 9 l9es ( psy*ic developm5t2 ! ev]-pres5t1 delicate sympa?y :i* kn[s ! mom5t to sugge/ & ! h\r to refra91--^! m5tal attributes belong nei!r to ! adm9i/rative nor to ! executive ability4 ,we f9d 9 ! mat]nal deal+s ) *ildr51 :5 conspicu\sly effici5t1 precisely :at %\ld be expect$ ( ! exp]t manag] & skilful s]vant4 ,! *ildr5 are well manag$ & well s]v$1 b !y are n well educat$4 ,:5 ! "m--! h\sewife-"m1 ! s]vant-"m--beg9s to look into educational processes1 %e is appall$4 ,x is easy to %[ h]1 if %e has a cle> & at all educat$ m9d1 :at conditions w\ld be be/ = babies1 :at k9d ( obs]vation & treatm5t2 b %e kn[s full well t %e _c furni% ^! conditions4 ,%e has nei!r place1 "t1 /r5g?1 skill1 nor tra9+ = ?is delicate & c>eful me?od4 ,h] "w--h] daily1 h\rly inexorable "w--fills ! place1 consumes ! "t1 exhau/s ! /r5g?1 does n develope ! skill1 & prev5ts ! tra9+ ( ! educator4 ,_m mo!rs d n ev5 recognise ! possibility ( bett] me?ods1 & /r5u\sly res5t ! sugge/ion t !y are n do+ all t c\ld be done4 ,!y res5t ev5 ! k9d]g>t51 _m ( !m4 ,! relatively sl[ progress ( ! k9d]g>t5 me?od is z good a pro( z c\ld be (f]$ ( ! lack ( educational p]ception among mo!rs4 ,!y are will+ to s]ve _! *ildr5 endlessly1--wait on !m1 wa%1 sweep1 & cook = !m4 ,!y are will+ to manage _! *ildr5 c>efully & consci5ti\sly1 & d n recognise ! ne$ ( bett] educational treatm5t = babies4 ,?is attitude is a p]fectly natural result ( ! reaction ( ! absorb+ h\sehold indu/ries on ! m9d ( ! "m4 ,h] int]e/ is eag] & al]t 9 all t conc]ns ! mat]ial managem5t ( ! family1 f wall-pap] & c>pets to "s new v>iety ( hose-support]1--d[n to ! lea/ detail ( decoration on an embroid]$ musl9 cap = ! baby4 ,9 any matt] ( great] beauty or economy1 or 9 "s cases ( sanit>y improvem5t1 ! h\sewife-"m's m9d is op54 ,9 indefatigable zeal 9 direct s]vice--no task too difficult1 too long1 too t$i\s--! s]vant-"m's h& is ev]-ready4 ,b ! same devot$1 lov+1 consci5ti\s "m w fail appall+ly to keep 9 t\* ) ! m9d-gr[? ( ! baby2 w (t5 neglect & ev5 s]i\sly injure its developm5t 9 :at is1 aft] all1 ! ma9 field ( human life4 ,! "y human be+ ne$s f> m ?an to be f$ & clo!d & wait$ on1 h[ev] lov+ly2 or ev5 ?an to be taught 9 s*ools 9 a few set l9es ( /udy4 ,we h made spl5did progress 9 ext]nal ?+s1 9 mat]ial =ms & me?ods ( production & di/ribution4 ,we h travell$ f> & deep 9 sci5tific /udy1 climb$ high 9 art1 & gr[n ?r\gh gr& religions4 ,our "o great ne$--a ne$ t gr[s daily great] 9 ! vivid light ( ^! swift-mov+ ye>s--is = a bett] k9d ( p4 ,! progress 9 human "* does n keep pace ) our ext]nal improvem5t4 ,we are n tra9$ 9 ! "r managem5t ( our own faculties2 & come out ( ! home into ! _w well f$ en\gh1 well dress$ en\gh1 b ) su* unkempt1 unbutton$1 dangl+ /r+s ( neglect$ "* z bespeaks ! orphan s\l4 ,ask any "m to describe h] *ildr5's complexion1 co/ume1 & ta/es 9 eat+4 ,%e w d x glibly1 pr(usely1 & ) feel+4 ,johnny w\ld nev] t\* meat till he 0 t52 ,maud w\ld eat no?+ else2 ,jessie c\ld nev] be> potatoes4 ,maud 0 v ne>-sight$4 ,%e _h e>ly tak5 h] to an oculi/4 ,%e w\ld probably h to we> glasses always4 ,jessie 0 s h>d on %oes4 ,%e us$ two pairs to ,maud's "o1--ev5 worse ?an ,johnny4 ,n[ ask h] to describe ! di/9ctive m5tal *>act]i/ics ( ea*1 at :at age !y develop$1 & :at measures %e has tak5 f ye> to ye> to *eck ,jessie's p]sonal vanity1 to increase ,maud's c\rage1 to develope pati5ce 9 ,johnny4 ,ask h] :at %e has tri$ = cr\p1 & %e w disc\rse freely4 ,ask h] :at %e has tri$ = ! gradual r$uction ( self-consci\sness1 & %e looks puzzl$4 ,! human race is capable ( beautiful developm5t 9 "*1 z we see 9 occasional in/ances4 ,t su* beautiful developm5t is l>gely assi/$ by "r education1 especially 9 ! v fir/ ye>s1 is prov5 by a ?\s& exp]im5ts4 ,t mo/ ( u gr[ up )\t any intellig5t psy*ic tra9+1 )\t wise att5tion & skilful c>e 9 s\l-gr[?1 is b too evid5t4 ,bett] education = ! "y ( ! human race1 t education :i* ! *ild nev] kn[s (1 b :i* surr\nds him ) helpful influ5ces f 8 fir/ consci\sness1 is an imp]ative ne$4 ,"s attempt at ?is "w is made by all consci5ti\s mo!rs1 & wond]ful success is sometimes atta9$ by a "m ( special g5ius = *ild-culture 7& :o1 by ! way1 is seldom di/+ui%$ z a h\sekeep]72 b our g5]al av]age 9 humaniculture is l[4 ,no?+ 9 ! range ( human ef=t is m important ?an ! "r education ( *ildr51 :i* means ! improvem5t ( ! race4 ,! fir/ ye>s are ( special value1 ! fir/ influ5ces & associations ( pre-em95t importance4 ,if ! h\sehold indu/ries are incompatible ) ! be/ *ild-culture1 !y %\ld be )drawn f ! h\sehold1 specialis$ & pr(essionalis$ l all ! o!r indu/ries once consid]$ ess5tially dome/ic4 ,:5 a broad] intellig5ce is br\ght to be> on our infancy1 :5 we d n gr[ up "u ! unavoidable assumption t ! pr9cipal bus9ess ( life is to keep h\se1 !re w be a bett] *ance = ! gr[? ( ^? civic virtues s pitifully lack+ 9 u n[4 ,s _m m>ks ( progress 9 ^! l9es are n[ evid5t t any intellig5t woman c see ! way op5 be=e h]4 ,! public laundry is sapp+ ! f\ndations ( our dome/ic indu/ry2 ! ,dome/ic ,s]vice ,bureau is beg9n+ to furni% skill$ lab\r by ! h\r2 ! ,prep>$ ,food ,association is solv+ ano!r problem4 ,! way out ( ^! h\sehold difficulties is op5+ fa/4 ,x ne$s only a full] recognition among wom5 ( ! value ( ?is *ange to br+ x 9 ) great] rapidity & success4 ,= ! sake ( our *ildr5 let u free ! home f its ar*aic indu/ries4 ,,xiv4 ,,mo!rs1 ,,natural ,,& ,,unnatural4 ,we use ! ^w natural 9 _m s5ses1--sometimes ) w>m approval1 z indicat+ t :i* is be/2 sometimes ) disapproval1 z l[ & discr$itable4 ,natural affection is "o famili> phrase1 & unnatural mon/] ano!r1 :i* %[ a firm belief 9 ! rightness ( ! work+ laws ( ! univ]se4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! :ole /ory ( human developm5t lies 9 *ang+ ^? conditions & habits :i* 7 once natural to ! sl[1 labori\s1 h>d-won advantages ( civilisation4 ,! natural man or man 9 a /ate ( nature is a remote ance/or2 & we d n all[ un*eck$ fre$om to animal passions & appetites among u on ! gr\nd t !y are natural4 ,x is natural to take rev5ge = injuries2 x is natural to eat too mu*2 x is natural to be too c>eless 9 y\? & too cauti\s 9 old age4 ,natural means accord+ to ! laws ( nature2 & ! laws ( nature h a wide & long range4 ,9 apply+ ! ^w to any "o creature1 we h to limit x by "t & circum/ance4 ,x is natural = an absolutely wild creature1 :i* has nev] se5 man1 n to be afraid ( him4 ,x is natural = ! same creature1 :5 hunt$1 to fe> man1 & %un him4 ,if long tam$1 l ! cat & dog1 x is natural to come tru/fully to ! well-kn[n fri5d4 ,nature is ess5tially *angeful4 ,its laws rema9 ! same1 b ! int]action ( ^? laws produces ev]-v>y+ results4 ,! nature ( any giv5 creature v>ies ) its circum/ances1--give x "t1--z 9 ! above case ( ! dog & cat2 b ! :ole scale ( behavi\r is natural 9 its place & "t4 ,a /ate ( nature is n a p]iod ) an exact date1 nor any "o grade ( conduct4 ,t conduct :i* is mo/ advantage\s to a creature "u giv5 circum/ances is natural4 ,! only conduct :i* is unnatural w\ld be t :i* 0 exhibit$ 9 contradiction to ! laws ( nature1 if su* 7 possible4 ,9 ?is s5se an ascetic life is unnatural1 z mean+ de/ruction to ! individual & race2 b1 9 ! s5se t ! ascetic fondly believes he is act+ = 8 ultimate b5efit1 8 conduct is natural1 aft] all4 ,a wild rose is natural1 a g>d5 rose or hot-h\se rose is cultivat$1 a velvet rose on a bonnet is artificial4 ,yet x is z natural = man to cultivate & imitate = 8 own good pleasure z = a bee to /ore honey4 ,:5 we 7 9 :at we usually call a /ate ( nature1 we did n keep clean1 we> clo!s1 g to s*ool or to *ur*4 ,yet cleanl9ess & clo?+1 education & religion1 are natural products ( human nature4 ,:5 we apply ! ^w to human conduct1 we ought to be cle> 9 our own m9ds z to :e!r we mean natural--i4e41 primitive1 uncivilis$1 savage--or natural1--suit$ to man's pres5t "* & conditions4 ,primitive man did n s5d 8 *ildr5 to s*ool1 b we d n consid] x unnatural t we d s5d ours4 ,primitive woman c>ri$ h] nak$ baby 9 h] arms2 mod]n woman pu%es h] mu*-dress$ infant 9 a p]ambulator4 ,b !re is no?+ unnatural 9 pref]r+ ! p]ambulator4 ,x is natural to d :at is easie/ = ! "m & be/ = ! baby2 & our mod]n skill & intellig5ce1 our k & exp]i5ce1 are z natural to u z ignorance1 sup]/ition1 & f]ocity 7 to our primal ance/ors4 ,) ?is 9 m9d1 let u look at ! use ( ! t]m natural z appli$ to mo!rs4 ,:at sort ( "m d we praise z natural1 & :at sort d we blame z unnatural8 ,is our t]m us$ ) ref]5ce to a p]iod ( developm5t1 natural mo!rhood1 mean+ primitive1 savage mo!rhood8 or is x us$ ) ref]5ce to ! ex]cise ( t intellig5ce1 acquir$ k & skill1 & array ( conv5i5ces1 :i* are natural to civilis$ man to-day8 ,i ?9k x w be f\nd t 9 mo/ cases we unconsci\sly use x 9 ! fir/ s5se1 natural mean+ m]ely primitive or ev5 animal1 & ) b too good reason1 if we /udy ! behavi\r we are describ+4 ,mo!rhood is pre-em95tly a natural function 9 bo? s5ses4 ,x might almo/ be call$ ! natural function1 z reproduction seems to be m important 9 ! evolution ( species ?an ev5 self-pres]vation4 ,x w\ld seem z if ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation 7 giv5 m]ely to keep ! creatures alive = purposes ( reproduction2 =1 :5 ! two =ces come into conflict1 ! reproductive in/9ct is ! /rong]4 ,! reproductive functions are p]=m$ by bo? male & female2 b1 z species developes & m consci\s ef=t is appli$ to ! great task1 ! female has ! l>g] %>e4 ,9 furni%+ nutrition to ! "y1 ord] mammalia gives ! entire task to ! "m2 & _! c>e1 protection1 & def5ce are ma9ly h]s4 ,) ! human species1 9 proportion to its developm5t1 ! scales h turn$ ! o!r way4 ,) u ! fa!r furni%es food1 %elt]1 & protection1 save = ! fir/ p]iod ( suckl+4 ,9 _m cases ! "m fails ev5 to provide ?is assur$ly natural contribution to ! *ild's n\ri%m5t4 ,?is w\ld be a good opportunity to call h] unnatural2 b1 if %e is suffici5tly assidu\s ) ! bottle or wet-nurse1 we d n4 ,beyond t p]iod ! human "m m]ely waits ^u & wat*es h] *ildr5 9 ! %elt] provid$ by ! fa!r1 & adm9i/]s to !m su* food1 clo?+1 & o!r supplies z he furni%es4 ,h] educational (fice1 too1 has l>gely pass$ f h]1 ow+ to ! encroa*m5ts ( ! s*ool & k9d]g>t54 ,%e /ill m\lds _! morals & mann]s z f> z %e is able1 & has comm& ( _! education dur+ ! e>lie/ & mo/ important ye>s4 ,n[ is x natural = a "m to take no "p 9 gett+ food = *ildr58 ,if ev] !re 0 a natural function p]ta9+ to mo!rhood1 t seems to be "o4 ,if we use ! ^w 9 its primitive s5se1 %e c]ta9ly is an unnatural "m = rel9qui%+ ?is primal duty4 ,b1 if we use x 9 ! o!r s5se1 %e is q natural 9 accept+ ! conditions ( civilis$ life z f> z !y are advantage\s to ! *ild4 ,is x natural = a "m to submit h] *ildr5 to ! in/ruction ( o!r extra-mat]nal p]sons8 or to call ! doctor :5 !y are sick1 engage ! d5ti/ to fill _! tee?1 & hire p]sons to help take c>e ( !m8 ,^! ?+s are n primitive surely1 b nei!r are !y unnatural4 ,! nature ( mo!rhood is to provide :at is be/ = ! *ild2 & ! multipli$ s]vices & facilities ( our socially develop$ lives are z natural to u z our smoo? :ite sk9s1 once naturally br[n & %aggy4 ,9 all fair ?9k+1 speak+1 & writ+1 we %\ld decide cle>ly ^u our mean+1 & see t x w\ld be v unnatural = mod]n wom5 to behave z 0 natural to primitive wom54 ,! ma9 duty rema9s ! same1--to b5efit ! *ild4 ,me?ods & mat]ials are op5 to *oice & *ange4 ,mo!rhood is z op5 to criticism z any o!r human lab\r or animal function4 ,free /udy1 hone/ criticism & sugge/ion1 consci5ti\s exp]im5t 9 new l9es1--by ^! we make progress4 ,:y n apply /udy1 criticism1 sugge/ion1 & exp]im5t to mo!rhood1 & make "s progress !re8 ,progress 9 mo!rhood is a /range phrase to mo/ ( u4 ,we w\ld z soon speak ( progress 9 dige/ion4 ,t %[s h[ we p]si/ 9 conf\nd+ ! physical functions ( reproduction ) ! elaborate processes t foll[2 & yet we d n apply our scornful t]m ( unnatural "m to ! weak1 unheal?y woman :o _c compete ) a c[ 9 ?is /age ( mo!rhood4 ,we %\ld ?9k fairly "o way or ! o!r4 ,success 9 ! physical functions ( mat]nity we %all d well to keep up to a level ) ! p]=mance ( ! l[] animals4 ,! ensu+ processes are ! ones op5 to progress4 ,no bottle is z good z ! brea/4 ,y _c improve on nature6 ,b y c improve 9 me?ods ( clo?+1 fe$+ 9 lat] ye>s1 h\se & s*ool build+1 tea*+1 & e o!r di/9ctly human process4 ,if ! human "m does n comp>e fav\rably ) o!r animals 9 ! physical processes ( reproduction1 %e is !re9 unnatural4 ,if %e does n keep up ) ! opportunities ( h] race & "t 9 all ! ensu+ c>e ( ! *ild1 %e is !re9 unnatural4 ,su* c>e & culture z 0 natural to give a cave-baby w\ld be unnatural to-day4 ,is n ! av]age "m ( to-day too prone to cont5t h]self ) a v l[-grade p]=mance ( a mod]n "m's duties1 on ! plea t h] me?ods are natural1--namely1 primitive8 ,! grade ( c>e giv5 by ! "m ( to-day is too (t5 exactly t ( ! "m ( _m ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,we dep5d almo/ altoge!r on :at is kn[n z ! mat]nal in/9ct1 :i* is a natural in/9ct1 to be sure1 j z x is a natural in/9ct = ! male to fight4 ,! "r education ( a *ild to-day requires m ?an in/9ct to produce ! be/ results4 ,because we h n us$ ! helpful influ5ces ( association1 /udy1 & exp]i5ce 9 ?is mo/ important lab\r ( life1 we keep our progress z a liv+ species f> bel[ ! level ( our progress 9 mat]ial improvem5ts4 ,:5 any?+ is said ( improv+ ! human /ock1 we in/antly ?9k ( ! me?ods ( bre$]s ( cattle1 & are at once conv9c$ ( ! undesirability & impossibility ( apply+ any su* means to humanity4 ,b !re rema9 op5 to u two imm5se av5ues ( improvem5t1 bo? free to mo!rs4 ,"o is ! "m's modify+ influ5ce ^u ! race ?r\gh selection1--t duty ( wise *oice ( a sup]ior fa!r = h] *ildr51 :i* is natural en\gh to ! l[] animals1 b :i* we agree to ignore 9 ! br++ up ( our "y wom54 ,c>eful & consci5ti\s tra9+ to ?is end w\ld h a great effect ^u ! race4 ,?is does n mean ! self-consci\s =c+ ( a "y he>t to m>ry a sup]ior man )\t ! bless$ lead+ ( true love2 b su* op5 k ( :at con/itut$ an inf]ior or positively injuri\s man z w\ld l[] ! likelihood ( nice girls lov+ ! undesirables4 ,! o!r & f> m practical road ( racial advance is 9 improv+ ! environm5t ( our "y *ildr51 bo? mat]ially & psy*ically1 by ! intellig5t co-ord9ate action ( mo!rs4 ,if we improve ! individual z f> z possible1 x is bett] n to m$dle too mu* ) ! subtle =ces :i* lead to mat+4 ,^! processes are n c]ebral1 & ought n to be made self-consci\s4 ,b educational processes are consci\s1 & %\ld be /udi$4 ,! natural "m gives no ?\ght to h] approa*+ duties dur+ y\?4 ,! animals d n1 ! savages d n1 & our *>m+ "y girls d n4 ,is x n "t = u to %[ a g5]ation ( mo!rs suffici5tly unnatural to give hone/ ?\ght & /udy to ! great duty :i* lies be=e !m8 ,cle>-head$1 intellig5t girls1 z yet unhamp]$ by ! bl9d brute in/9ct ( mat]nal passion1 might be able to plan toge!r = ! good ( ! *ild1 z !y nev] w\ld be able to plan sep>ately = ! good ( _! own individual *ildr54 ,a ye> or two ( ?or\gh /udy & practice 9 ! arts & sci5ces ( *ild-culture w\ld soon conv9ce ! girl z to :e!r %e 0 adapt$ to be an educator ( little *ildr5 or m]ely a "m4 ,i say m]ely a "m 9 ?is r d]ogatory way1 allud+ to ! process ( be>+ "y & p]haps suckl+ !m4 ,?is is an ess5tial physical function1 common to all ! high] animals1 & usually fulfill$ by !m mu* bett] ?an by u4 ,! cont9u\s & subtle processes ( education :i* come aft]1 & ! wise c>e requir$ = ! physical heal? & com=t ( ! *ild1 d n come naturally to e "m4 ,x is "h t ! skill & tra9+ are ne$$4 ,mat]nity is "o ?+1 & education ano!r4 ,x _c be too /rongly reit]at$ t mat]nal love does n necess>ily include wisdom4 ,x is natural = e "m to love h] *ildr51 b x does n foll[ t %e kn[s :at is be/ = !m4 ,! animal "m does "k by in/9ct2 & we1 cont5t to take our patt]n ( mo!rhood f ! bea/s1 h imag9$ t we ne$$ no?+ m4 ,! individual animal has ! necess>y k ( its k9d lodg$ 9 ea* specim54 ,"o be>1 lion1 or %eep1 c tea* its "y all t any ( !m "k1 & c>e = !m "o z well z ano!r4 ,!re is an imm5se diff]5ce betwe5 ?is natural condition & ours1 :]e individuals diff] s widely 9 wisdom1 & :]e ! mat]ial conditions ess5tial to ! good ( ! *ild are n op5 to e "m to select f z in/9ct dictates & procure accord+ to h] individual skill1 b are produc$ by u collectively1 & only to be secur$ by comb9$ intellig5ce4 ,= our mo!rs to insure good conditions = _! *ildr5 requires m ?an mat]nal in/9ct4 ,! natural "m ( to-day is re>$ )\t an inkl+ ( :at lies be=e h]2 & no preact+ in/9ct w>ns h] ( ! effect ( h] girlhood's wa/$ opportunities4 ,%e m>ries /ill by in/9ct1 :i* (t5 leads h] a/ray2 or1 :5 %e uses h] consci\s reason1 x is g5]ally 9 l9es ( f9ancial advantage1 irrespective ( ! to-be-fa!r's heal? or "*4 ,%e fulfils ! physical functions ( mat]nity r reluctantly & ) poor success1 be+ frequ5tly mu* ! worse = ! p]=mance1 & !n r boa/+ ( h] enfeebl$ condition1 z if x 0 9 "s my/]i\s way a cr$it to h]4 ,!n %e br+s to ! c>e & education ( h] *ildr5 m]ely h] rudim5ts ( mat]nal in/9ct1--an in/9ct s f> pa9fully lack+ 9 wise prevision ( ! ev5t & prep>ation = x4 ,:]e fail+ heal? or social duties or any o!r causes prev5t h] con/ant att5dance on ! *ild1 ! ri* "m hires a l[-class woman to take c>e ( him2 &1 if ! poor woman has too mu* "w to be able to con/antly att5d ^u ! *ild1 %e gets along z %e individually c )\t tak+ mu* c>e ( him4 ,or1 if %e is ( t small class :o d really take c>e ( _! *ildr5 p]sonally1 ! c>e %e gives is ! m]e *ance outcome ( h] p]sonal "* & conditions1 & may or may n be b5eficial4 ,all ?is conduct we call natural1 & see no blame 9 x4 ,we assume t e "m kn[s h[ to c>e = h] *ildr52 &1 if we only see h] keep+ at x incessantly1 we nev] criticise ! me?ods or results4 ,t is n1 9 g5]al1 a *>ge aga9/ mo!rhood4 ,we d criticise individual cases v freely1 yet make no d$uction f our own wide obs]vations4 ,n[ let u picture an unnatural "m4 ,z a "y girl1 %e ?\ghtfully consid]s h] approa*+ duties4 ,%e says to h]self3 ,i am to be a "m2 to contribute my p]sonal %>e to ! improvem5t ( humanity by br++ into ! _w "s "o bett] ?an ,i am4 ,i mu/ d all ,i c to be bett] p]sonally1 9 "* & physique1 = ! *ild's sake4 ,:atev] ,i may be able to d = x aft]w>d1 ,i w give x good end[m5t at bir?4 ,& !n ?is unnatural "y girl proce$s to tra9 h]self 9 all "r liv+1 avoid+ any?+ 9 dress or food or late h\rs t might injure h] heal?1 because %e hopes to be a "m "s day4 ,%e /udies *ild-culture eag]ly1 hop+ t %e may be fit = ! spl5did "w1 b is disappo9t$ "h p]haps1 hav+ a /rong musical temp]am5t1 or a good head = bus9ess1 or capacity = prompt & skilful manual lab\r1 b n ! faculties t g to make ! good educator4 ,?is is a bl[1 = %e consid]s ! tra9+ ( little *ildr5 z ! highe/ "w on e>?1 b %e recognises t only ab\t "o 9 tw5ty has ! requisite capacity2 & ! k ga9$ 9 h] c>eful /udy 9 ^! l9es %[s h] ! importance ( giv+ *ildr5 ! be/ conditions1 :i* involves association ) ^? specially end[$ ) ! tea*]'s p[]4 ,s %e /udies h] own pr(ession *e]fully1 resolv$ to make good progress !re1 to be a "m h] *ildr5 c be pr\d (1 & to be able to gu>antee !m all !y ne$4 ,%e loves & m>ries1 l$ by ! deepe/ =ce 9 organic life1 b gov]n$ by a cle> & consci\s wisdom ev5 "h4 ,if %e has ! mis=tune to be attract$ to a man diseas$ or immoral or defective1 %e w n accept him1 = ! sake ( h] *ildr54 ,b m>ry %e w1 = ?is is ! law ( life2 & ! exceptions g to ext9ction4 ,?is fair woman1 vigor\s & beautiful1 ) h] well-tra9$ body1 cle> m9d1 & t5d] _s ( "m-love wait+ )9 h]1 w\ld n g unlov$4 ,%e m>ries4 ,%e be>s heal?y1 beautiful *ildr51 & n\ri%es !m at h] pr\d & lov+ brea/4 ,%e has provid$ be=eh& = _! c>e & tra9+1 kn[+ f ! /udy & exp]i5ce %e has giv5 ! subject1 & ! read+ %e has kept up1 :at are n[ ! be/ obta9able conditions4 ,h] home has be5 *os5 ) a view to its proximity to ! be/ baby-g>d5 & *ild-home %e knew1 :]e "s ( ! tea*]s 7 old fri5ds ( h]s1 & all 7 kn[n by reputation4 ,hav+ *os5 a pr(ession ) a view to ! physical limitations ( mo!rhood1 & prep>$ dur+ h] pl5tiful "t ( wait+ su* arrangem5t ( h\rs & sub/itutes z %all enable h] to meet ! "m's duties prop]ly1 %e takes a complete vacation = ! mon?s t ne$ x2 & !n gradually resumes h] "w = "p ( ! day1 z h] h\rs betwe5 nurs+ ! *ild l5g!n4 ,%e goes gladly to h] "w because %e loves x1 is well tra9$ = x1 & by do+ x %e s]ves h] *ild4 ,%e comes m gladly to ! *ild1 ! deep primal in/9ct com+ out /rongly2 & at night ! heal?y little "o sleeps ne> h] 9 ! quiet home4 ,betwe5 ! h\rs ( nurs+1 ! baby sleeps peacefully or wakes happily1 9 ! beautiful home t 8 "m--work+ ) ! o!r mo!rs--h made = _! *ildr52 & is wat*$ & c>$ = by ! wise & t5d] wom5 :o h prov$ _! fitness = ?is preci\s "w4 ,8 "m is n worri$ ab\t him4 ,%e kn[s t 9 t home !re is no possible dang]1 9 t tra9$ c>e no lea/ neglect2 & t1 if any sudd5 illness smote him1 ! visit+ physician is !re daily1 & o!rs 9 in/ant call4 ,?is place 0 made = babies1 & is n 9 *>ge ( s]vants4 ,%e is at ease ab\t ! *ild4 ,eag]ly %e goes to him :5 "w is done4 ,no we>9ess1 no anxi\s unc]ta9ty1 only ! glad triumphant "m-love :i* is cont5t 9 kn[+ t ! be/ possible conditions are secur$ to ! *ild1 & a con/antly r5ew$ delight 9 its heal? & beauty & good progress4 ,ow+ to h] previ\s /udy1 %e kn[s en\gh n to undo ! good effects by fooli%ness at home4 ,%e is 9 daily communication ) ! tea*]s1--& nurses & doctors1 if necess>y4 ,%e does n lose t\* ) ! little life4 ,h] untir$ affection surr\nds him always1 & to ! *ild %e is probably ! mo/ agreeable ( ! sev]al agreeable p]sons 9 ^: society he f9ds himself4 ,unless %e falls t]ribly bel[ ! common /&>d1 he w love h] ! be/2 = ! beautiful backgr\nd ( nurs+ won & held 8 dawn+ affection1 & ! sweet home-com+ e night is a con/antly /r5g!n+ tie4 ,any clean1 com=table1 human home %\ld be suitable = a heal?y *ild to sleep 92 b x is 9 8 impressionable day-"t h\rs t he ne$s m appropriate surr\nd+s4 ,x w be se5 t ?is unnatural "m has h] *ild 9 h] own c>e = sixte5 h\rs out ( ! tw5ty-f\r1 & dur+ ! eight h\rs ( a work+ day %e h]self places him 9 :at %e kn[s to be bett] conditions ?an h] own home c\ld (f]4 ,if %e does *ance to possess t degree ( educational g5ius ess5tial to ! be/ c>e ( "y *ildr51 h] eight h\rs ( "w w be sp5t 9 tak+ c>e ( !m1 & ! rema9+ sixte5 9 /ill tak+ c>e ( h] own4 ,?us ! exceptional "m1 :o is also an educator1 w h h] own all ! "t2 & h] unusual ability w b5efit _m o!r little ones = "p ( ! "t4 ,! natural "m1 ( c\rse1 believes t h] own c>e ( h] own *ild is bett] ?an any "o's else4 ,%e c give no pro( ( ?is1 & w\ld be v unwill+ to submit to any exam9ation or competition4 ,%e simply ?9ks %e is ! be/ educator because %e is a "m4 ,! sickness & dea? ( h] *ildr51 or ! accid5ts :i* happ5 to !m1 or _! inf]ior developm5t & disagreeable behavi\r1 %e nev] takes z pro( ( h] incompet5ce4 ,:]e an exp]i5c$ tea*] c\ld remove half a doz5 bad habits 9 z _m mon?s )\t ! *ild's kn[+ x1 ! "m scolds & spanks along ! ye>s1 or resign$ly lets ! small p trample ^u ! rights ( _! eld]s1 9 s]5e conviction t h] me?ods mu/ be "r2 = is %e n _! "m8 ,! unnatural "m1 :o is possess$ ( en\gh intellig5ce & k to recognise h] own defici5cies1 gladly intru/s h] *ildr5 to sup]ior c>e = "p ( ! "t1 & con/antly le>ns by x h]self4 ,! "m-love1 :i* is s f> /ra9$ by ! difficulties ( re>+ *ildr5 9 ! home z to frequ5tly give way to irritability1 we>9ess1 & ev5 bad temp]1 w\ld be kept fre% & unworn by ! eight-h\r re/2 & ! *ild w\ld nev] le>n to despise 8 "m's irascibility & lack ( self-control1 z1 un=tunately1 s _m *ildr5 d4 ,to ! *ild1 happy & busy 9 8 day h\rs ( education1 ! home-com+ w\ld be an ev] new delight1 & ! home--papa & mamma's h\se--a lovely place to respect & enjoy4 ,_m w wond] :y ! "m is describ$ z work+ dur+ eight h\rs4 ,! able-bodi$ & able-m9d$ human be+ :o does n "w is a contemptible object4 ,to take f ! lab\r ( o!rs s l>ge a %>e ( human products z is necess>y to our com=t to-day1 & contribute no?+ 9 return1 is ! position ( a dev\r+ p>asite4 ,mo/ wom5 d "w1 h>d & long1 at h\se-s]vice4 ,! natural "m is cont5t to m+le h] sacr$ duties ( *ild-c>e ) ! miscellane\s duties ( a h\se-s]vant2 b ! unnatural "m1 = ! sake ( h] *ildr51 refuses to be ! kit*5-maid1 p>l\r-maid1 & *amb]-maid ( ! _w any long]4 ,%e recognises t h] real duties are too important to be h9d]$ 9 _! p]=mance any long] by ^! primitive inconv5i5ces2 &1 ) comb9$ intellig5ce1 %e & ! o!rs arrange _! h\seholds on a basis ( organis$ pr(essional s]vice1 ) skill$ lab\r by ! h\r1 & s ea* has "t to p]=m "s pr(essional s]vice h]self1 & pay well = ! bett] p]=mance ( ! dome/ic tasks4 ,?is subject is treat$ 9 a special volume on ,wom5 & ,economics1 b "h x is suffici5t to pres5t ! position ( ! "m1 ! unnatural "m1 :o w\ld refuse to ma9ta9 any long] our grossly defective sy/em ( h\sehold s]vice 7ei!r by h]self or by a hir$ woman71 on ! gr\nd t x 0 n conducive to ! be/ developm5t ( h] *ildr54 ,to ^? :o = any reason pref]1 or are compell$ by circum/ances1 to pursue ! pr(ession ( private h\se-s]vant1 x w1 h[ev]1 be ( ine/imable advantage to h _! *ildr5 tak5 out ( ! dirt & dang]1 & plac$ 9 prop] conditions1 :ile ! "m foll[s h] pr(ession at home4 ,! natural "m c>es only = h] own *ildr54 ,%e loves & lab\rs )\t k1 & :at exp]i5ce %e ga9s by practis+ on h] own *ildr5 is buri$ ) h]4 ,! unnatural "m c>es = ,*ildr51--all ( !m1--& kn[s t %e c be/ s]ve h] own by lift+ ! /&>d ( *ild-culture = all4 ,we h urg5t ne$ ( ! unnatural "m1--! "m :o has add$ a tra9$ intellect to a w>m he>t2 &1 :5 we h en\gh ( !m1 ! r>e/ s\nd on e>? w be t n[ s pitifully common1--! cry+ ( a little *ild4 ,,xv4 ,,social ,,p>5tage4 ,! "m does h] duty by h] *ildr5 z be/ %e c4 ,! fa!r does 8 duty by 8 *ildr54 ,b we d n d our duty by our *ildr54 ,! relation ( ! ,/ate to ! *ild is little ?\ght (1 mu* less und]/ood4 ,we h discuss$ x only z an alt]native to ! p>5tal relation1 involv+ ! removal ( ! *ild f ! home & family1 & ! sub/itution ( civic = dome/ic c>e4 ,su* a proposal naturally excites ! hot opposition ( p>5tal love & in/9ct1 & _c /&4 ,x has be5 tri$ m or less ?or\ghly1 z 9 ,sp>ta1 b does n appeal to ! human he>t or head1 & is n 9 ! lea/ :at is "h "u discussion4 ,! true relation ( ! ,/ate to ! *ild includes ! p>5tal relation1 & 9 no way controv]ts ! love & in/9ct ( ^? invaluable public function>ies4 ,x is n necess>y1 or 9 any way desirable1 = ! ,/ate to remove ! *ild f ! p>5t4 ,p>5ts are evolv$ = ! purpose ( re>+ *ildr51 & possess highly specialis$ & urg5t impulses 9 t direction1--f> too useful =ces to be ignor$4 ,b ! civilis$ human p>5t lives z "p ( an elaborate society1--a ,/ate2 &1 z a memb] ( ! ,/ate1 he holds a new relation to 8 *ild--%e holds a new relation to h] *ild3 !y--& !y are ! ,/ate--hold a new relation to _! *ildr54 ,?is is :at we s g5]ally ignore4 ,! individual p>5ts d _! individual duty fairly well2 b ! collective p>5ts1 :o con/itute society1 fail %amefully 9 _! collective duties4 ,:at is a society8 ,x is an organisation ( human be+s1 alive1 complex1 exquisitely develop$ 9 co-ord9ate int]-s]vice4 ,:at is x =8 ,x is = developm5t1 gr[?1 progress1 l any o!r liv+ ?+4 ,h[ does a society improve8 ,by comb9ations ( individuals evolv+ social processes :i* react fav\rably ^u ! individual con/itu5ts1 & develope 9 !m bett] social faculties4 ,= in/ance1 e>ly comb9ations ( individuals evolve l[ =ms ( legal protection = ! citiz5s ( ! e>ly ,/ate4 ,"u ^? protective enactm5ts1 citiz5s gr[ up 9 comp>ative peace1 & become capable ( enact+ fur!r & sup]ior laws4 ,9 rec5t & p>ticul> in/ance1 our ,am]ican =efa!rs e/abli%$ a sy/em ( public education "u :i* _m citiz5s 7 develop$ to a degree ( intellig5ce suffici5t to see ! ne$ & ! means ( ext5d+ & improv+ t education4 ,education is a social process1 impossible--9 any human degree--among deta*$ individuals4 ,! education ( *ildr5 is a di/9ctly social process4 ,mu* ( x may be c>ri$ on by ! p>5ts1 b x is = social improvem5t & z a memb] ( society t !y d ?is4 ,"h is :]e our p>5ts1 :o con/itute society1 fail to see ! nature & ext5t ( _! "w4 ,!y h an exagg]at$ idea ( p>5tal responsibility to ! *ild1 & no idea at all ( social responsibility to ! *ild4 ,t social developm5t :i* has enl>g$ ! m9d & s\l ( ! bea/-savage to our pres5t capacity = love & s]vice we /ill imag9e to be purely p>5tal1 & endeav\r to conc5trate x all on our own *ildr51 fail+ utt]ly 9 our duty to ea* o!r's *ildr54 ,no su* gross error c "w good results4 ,?is disproportionate conc5tration ( feel+ on ! individual *ild1 & neglect ( ! *ild 9 g5]al1 produces a _w full ( p ) a conge/$ family life1 full ( morbid s5sitiv5ess & pot5tial difficulty & suff]+1 & a weak1 anmic social life1 full ( mutual neglect & d]eliction ( duty4 ,! well-kn[n illu/ration ( education c be us$ aga9 /ill f>!r to %[ ?is4 ,suppose a small community1 :]e9 ! p>5ts are all v anxi\s = ! education ( _! own *ildr5 & pr(\ndly indiff]5t to ! education ( anybody's else *ildr54 ,suppose ^! p>5ts all lab\r religi\sly to buy books1 pictures1 /atues1 music1 & to h ! be/ ( tutors = _! own *ildr54 ,x c be se5 )\t mu* ma!matical ef=t h[ inf]ior w\ld be ! supplies pur*asable by ! individual p>5t's funds comp>$ to ^? pur*asable by _! collective funds4 ,sep>ately1 !y c\ld n compass a good tea*] to ea* family1 nor good pictures1 nor _m books & in/rum5ts1 nor any /atu>y & music to speak (4 ,collectively & = less money1 !y c\ld h all ^! ?+s 9 f> high] degree ( excell5ce4 ,x is social p>5tage1 su* z we h1 :i* gives u ! s*ool z we h x4 ,x is ! weakness & irresponsibility ( our social p>5tage :i* leaves ! s*ool z x is1 & fails to pu% on to some?+ f> full] & bett]4 ,:at ?\ght1 :at c>e1 :at s]vice1 does ! av]age "m give to o!r p's *ildr58 ,none4 ,%e does n imag9e x to be h] duty4 ,%e imag9es t h] duty lies only t[>d h] own *ildr51 & t x is no fa9te/ fault ( h]s if o!r *ildr5 suff]4 ,if %e sees little ones visibly neglect$ & injur$1 %e m]ely blames _! individual p>5ts1 & gives no fur!r ?\ght to ! matt]4 ,n[1 once = all1 :at is ! advantage ( liv+ 9 a society in/ead ( liv+ alone8 ,x is t we d n h to sp5d all our "t & /r5g? 9 v imp]fectly tak+ c>e ( ourselves1 z ! sep>ate individual w\ld be oblig$ to d1 b are m & m p]fectly tak5 c>e ( by "o ano!r4 ,we all %>e 9 ! advantages ( liv+ toge!r1--! protection n only ( numb]s1 b ( our specialis$ def5d]s1 civil & milit>y2 ! va/ accumulations ( k & skill acquir$ by _m & transmitt$ to all2 ! increas+ measure ( mutual love1 9 :i* we ?rive & gr[4 ,! m p]fectly a society c di/ribute ^! advantages to all its citiz5s1 ! m swiftly & heal?fully does x advance & improve4 ,public peace & safety1 public ju/ice1 public education1 ! public hall1 ! public road1 ! public libr>y & gall]y & museum & ba?1--^! are :at react s fav\rably ^u ! individual1 & make bett] homes & citiz5s4 ,! fa!r is1 to "s ext5t1 awake to ! duties ( social p>5tage2 ! "m1 h>dly at all4 ,! diff]5ce is ?is3 ! fa!r s]ves 8 *ildr5 by means ( s]v+ o!r p2 ! "m s]ves h] *ildr5 p]sonally1 ) h] own h&s4 ,suppose a numb] ( families 7we _c call x a community1 because x w\ld n be "o71 :]e9 ! fa!rs endeav\r$ to s]ve _! *ildr5 p]sonally ) _! own h&s only1 ea* man build+1 weav+1 f>m+1 fi%+1 blacksmi?+1 mak+ di%es & tools & in/rum5ts1 & try+ 9 all ways to meet ! family ne$s himself p]sonally4 ,x w readily be se5 h[ little ! families ( ^! m5 w\ld h4 ,! "t1 /r5g?1 & skill ( "o man d n g f>1 if he tries to d all ?+s himself4 ,:y d wom5 imag9e t _! "t1 /r5g?1 & skill sev]ally w s]ve bett] ?an 9 comb9ation8 ,:y are !y cont5t to give _! *ildr5 only :at !y c d !mselves alone1 ?us depriv+ !m ( ! ri* possibilities ( civilis$ mo!rhood1 comb9$1 collective1 mutually helpful8 ,! t]m city fa!rs1 & its pa9ful lack ( companion%ip 9 city mo!rs1 %[s ! wide gulf betwe5 ! developm5t ( social p>5tage 9 m5 & wom54 ,! accid5ts to little *ildr5 f electric & cable c>s are pitifully num]\s4 ,:at "m has tak5 any /eps to prev5t ^! accid5ts8 ,individually1 ea* tries to protect h] own1 z does ! animal or savage4 ,collectively1 !y d no?+2 yet x is ! lack ( ?is collective mo!rhood :i* makes our cities s unsafe = *ildr54 ,! idea t1 if ea* takes c>e ( h] own1 all w be c>$ =1 is z false = wom5 z x is = m54 ,if ea* man took c>e ( 8 own1 & n ( ! o!rs1 we %\ld h no soldi]s1 no policem51 no gov]nm5t1 no society1 only t social *aos call$ an>*y4 ,social heal? & progress dem& collective action1 ! l>ge/ mutuality1 ! c>e & s]vice ( all1 :i* is ! only gu>antee ( safety & prosp]ity to ea*4 ,our fa!rhood is to a consid]able degree socialis$4 ,our mo!rhood is flatly an>*i/ic1 refus+ all co-ord9ation4 ,an e>ne/--hotly e>ne/--woman once disput$ ?is sugge/ion ( mutual s]vice 9 mo!rhood1 ?us3 ,:5 ,i make ! b$ = my *ild1 ,i put "s ( my p]sonality betwe5 ! %eets4 ,my *ild sleeps bett] if ,i make 8 b$ = him4 ,i gaz$ at h] calmly4 ,does y\r *ild walk bett] if y make 8 %oes = him8 ,i ask$4 ,x is a pretty s5tim5t t ! "m's love 9 "s my/]i\s way makes all %e does = ! *ild sup]ior to :at ano!r c\ld d4 ,b apply ! te/ ( fact4 ,c %e1 ) all h] love1 make z good a %oe z ! %oemak]8 z good a hair-bru%1 too?-bru%1 tumbl]1 teacup1 pie-plate1 spoon1 =k1 or knife1 z ! pr(essional manufactur]s ( ^! ?+s8 ,does "m-love tea* h] to be a good b>b]8 ,c %e cut h] d>l+'s hair s z to make him happy8 ,c %e make a good *air or table or book or w9d[8 ,h[ silly x is to imag9e t ?is p]sonality ins]t$ betwe5 ! %eets makes ! b$ m conducive to heal?y sleep ?an any o!r clean1 well-air$1 well-made b$6 ,let ! "m put ! *ild to b$ by all means1 if %e wi%es4 ,9 ! la/ sweet words & ! good-night kiss is truly ! place = p]sonality4 ,t is a "m's place1 & n a tradesman's4 ,b !re is no m ne$ = mat]nal p]sonality betwe5 ! %eets ( a b$ ?an betwe5 ! leaves ( a book or ! bricks ( a wall4 ,9 our n>r[-m9d$ness we h assum$ t to c>e = any o!r *ildr5 w\ld mean to neglect our own4 ,z if ! human he>t1 ! "m-he>t1 c\ld love b "o or six1 & n m6 ,z a matt] ( fact1 we neglect our own by n c>+ = o!rs4 ,t is1 we fail to take ^? g5]al measures = ! protection & developm5t ( all *ildr5 :i* w\ld s greatly b5efit our p>ticul> *ildr54 ,only to-day1 at la/1 we see 9 "s few advanc$ communities ! mo!rs' club & congress1 ! wom5's civic associations1 & o!r =ms ( union = ! improvem5t ( social conditions1 all help+ to enl>ge ! application ( "m-love1 & set t great =ce free to br+ on ! bett] day = *ildr54 ,^! clubs & societies are je]$ at by ! majority ( mo!rs1 :o pr\dly say t !y are too busy tak+ c>e ( _! *ildr5 to g to a mo!rs' congress & le>n h[4 ,imag9e1 aga91 a majority ( m51 ea* say+ he 0 too busy tea*+ 8 *ildr5 to g to a s*ool meet+ & plan = ! education ( !m all6 ,x is n a %ift+ ( duty t is requir$1--to cease to take c>e ( "o's own 9 ord] to take c>e ( o!rs in/ead4 ,s +ra9$ are our primitive habits1 s unable are we to conceive ( any?+ b ! "o-woman me?od1 t our only idea ( *ange is a simple ex*ange ( responsibility4 ,x is n ex*ang+ t is ne$$1 b an enl>g+1 an embrac+ ( ! less 9 ! great]4 ,! mo!rs ( ! _w are responsible = ! *ildr5 ( ! _w2 ! mo!rs ( a nation1 = ! *ildr5 ( a nation2 ! mo!rs ( a city1 = ! *ildr5 ( a city4 ,we may ignore & d5y ?is claim2 b x is !re none ! less1 &1 because we d n d our duty z social p>5ts1 a corrupt society injures our *ildr5 cont9ually4 ,! diseases ( o!r *ildr5 infect ours4 ,:at h ! mo!rs ev] done to prev5t ^! diseases8 ,!y nurse _! own sick little ones religi\sly1 & bury !m ) te>s2 b :at d !y d be=e or aft] to le>n ! cause & prev5tion ( ^! family afflictions1 to spread _! in=mation1 & en=ce measures to put a /op to !m8 ,! bad habits ( o!r *ildr5 affect ours1--_! ignorance1 _! ill mann]s1 _! s9s4 ,our *ildr5 suff] individually f bad social conditions1 b _c be sav$ individually4 ,:5 ! ,philadelphia wat] supply is s f\l z to poison "y & old1 mo!rs are responsible = n do+ _! %>e to make ! city wat] fit = _! families to dr9k4 ,x is n a private filt] on a private faucet t w d x1 b public purity 9 ! public works4 ,9 ,bo/on 9 #ahii ! ,society ( ,collegiate ,alumn expos$ a disgracefully insanit>y condition 9 ! public s*ools1--undi/urb$ fil? 9 cell> & vault1 unwa%$ floors1 a slov5ly neglect ( ! commone/ sanit>y dec5cy wor?y ( an ,ori5tal slum4 ,any "m 9 ,bo/on w\ld h be5 fill$ ) %ame to h su* an exposure ( h] own private h\sekeep+4 ,!re is room = %ame at ?is exposure ( _! public h\sekeep+1 s*ool-h\se-keep+1 city-keep+4 ,l an o/ri* ) 8 head 9 ! s&1 ! "m %uts h]self up 9 ! home & imag9es t %e is safe & hidd51 act+ z if ! home 0 isolat$ 9 space4 ,t ! home is n isolat$ we are made pa9fully consci\s ?r\gh its mat]ial connections1--gas-pipes1 wat]-pipes1 sew]-pipes1 & electric wires1--all s]v+ u well or ill accord+ to _! g5]al managem5t4 ,milk1 food1 clo?+1 & all supplies br\ght 9 br+ heal? or disease accord+ to _! g5]al managem5t4 ,! m]e physical com=t ( ! home ne$s collective action1 to say no?+ ( ! psy*ic connection 9 :i* we all live1 & :]e none is safe & clean till all are safe & clean4 ,h[ f> does ! duty ( ! ,/ate ext5d1 & h[ mu* %\ld be left to individual responsibility8 ,?is is ! work+ po9t to :i* ?is discussion t5ds4 ,a m s]i\s sociological "q c\ld h>dly be prop\nd$4 ,see+ t progress is ! law ( nature1 t ! human race is "u pressure ( e =ce--consci\s & unconsci\s--to g on1 to improve1 to gr[ bett]1 & t we1 z social be+s1 move =w>d ?r\gh social improvem5t1 ! ma9 weight ( c>e seems to re/ on society r ?an ! individual4 ,x is a/oni%+ to see h[ f> ?is has gone already4 ,:]eas once ! bea/ fa!r & "m 7 ! only ones to protect or s]ve ! "y1 n[ society does f> m = ! *ild ?an ! p>5ts4 ,! fa!r does m ?an ! "m1 & t by means ( 8 social relation4 ,he provides = 8 *ild by be+ a c>p5t]1 lawy]1 mason1 or o!r social function>y4 ,9 ?is social relation he is able to provide = x ! com=t & safety ( a mod]n society4 ,out ( t relation he w\ld be able to provide = x only ) 8 b>e h&s alone1 & less compet5t ?an ! h>dy savage4 ,we ne$ n be al>m$ at "s new ov]tures on ! "p ( society1 if we b look at :at society is do+ n[4 ,t we d n ?9k ( ?is is due to our tradition t we take c>e ( ourselves4 ,we d n4 ,no civilis$ man takes c>e ( himself4 ,we take c>e ( ea* o!r4 ,b1 grant+ ?is to "s degree1 we h h]et(ore suppos$ t ! b5efits ( civilisation belong$ only to adults1--= t matt] only to adult males6--& 7 to be di/ribut$ to *ildr5 ?r\gh ! individual p>5t4 ,?us1 if ! p>5t 0 inf]ior1 ! *ild 0 expect$ n only to inh]it 8 inf]iority1 b to suff] f x always ?r\gh inf]ior ma9t5ance1 bre$+1 & education4 ,! gradual rea*+ out ( society to protect & c>e = ! *ild is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ l9es ( hi/oric developm5t4 ,! p>5t _h p[] to kill a *ild4 ,! ,/ate d5i$ ! "r1 & protect$ ! *ild aga9/ ! p>5t4 ,! p>5t _h p[] to sell ! *ild4 ,! ,/ate d5i$ t4 ,! p>5t might ca/ (f & neglect ! *ild4 ,! ,/ate compels him to ma9ta9 x1 if he c2 &1 if n1 ! ,/ate supports ! *ild4 ,! p>5t might tea* ! *ild1 h x taught1 or leave x untaught4 ,n[ ! ,/ate ord]s t ! *ild mu/ be taught1 ei!r at home or at s*ool1 & furni%es ! s*ool free4 ,s f> ! l9e ( advance has be5 f absolute p>5tal control to a /eadily enl>g+ ,/ate control1 f absolute p>5tal support to m & m ( ,/ate support4 ,! "q ( m or less 9 pres5t details may be debat$ indef9itely to no conclusion4 ,! pr9ciple is :at we %\ld /udy4 ,! condition ( *ildhood 9 our human s5se1 ! long p]iod ( immaturity1 is a social condition4 ,z we advance 9 social relation1 becom+ m & m highly specialis$1 ! gulf betwe5 infancy & maturity increases4 ,! "y animal & ! adult animal are f> m alike ?an a ,glad/one & 8 baby4 ,x does n take v long to mature ! gr\p ( faculties requir$ = ma9ta9+ individual life4 ,x does take long to mature ! gr\p ( faculties requir$ to ma9ta9 social life4 ,to re> a man--i4e41 an adult male ( g5us homo--is no v difficult task4 ,x is accompli%$ by ,bu%m51 ,hott5tots1 ,eskimo1 e liv+ k9d ( human creature4 ,to re> a physician1 an eng9e]1 a *emi/1--?is takes long]4 ,incid5tally1 ?is is "o reason :y a girl's majority is plac$ at eighte51 a boy's at tw5ty-"o4 ,%e is suppos$ to ne$ only individual maturity1--physical maturity4 ,he is suppos$ to take m "t to become a man because he is a memb] ( society1 & s has to le>n m ?+s4 ,x is n a "q ( adolesc5ce1 ( physiological *ange4 ,! boy ( eighte5 c\ld be a fa!r z well z ! girl a "m2 b he is n z well able to take 8 social position1 to s]ve mank9d 9 8 craft1 art1 trade1 or pr(ession4 ,note "h ! e>ly maturity & m>riage ( ! less develop$ grades ( society1 fill+ ^? simpl] social functions :i* require less specialisation1 & ! proportionate po/ponem5t ( ?is p]iod 9 ! m highly specialis$4 ,our long p]iod ( immaturity is a social condition1 & n an individual "o4 ,t we may rea* ! full gr[? ne$$ 9 ! advanc$ memb] ( society1 we mu/ be m9ors long] ?an w\ld be necess>y if we 7 n memb]s ( society4 ,! exce$+ *ildi%ness ( ! civilis$ *ild is also a social condition4 ,! ne>] we are to ! animals1 ! m capable & bright ! v little ones4 ,9 ! ,s\? x 0 common to set a little black *ild to take c>e ( an old] :ite "o3 ! pickan9ny matures mu* m rapidly4 ,s1 aga91 9 our own l[] social grades ! little *ildr5 ( ! poor are %>p]1 bett] able to c>e = !mselves1 ?an *ildr5 ( ! same age 9 m develop$ classes4 ,x is no pro( ( great] intellig5ce 9 ! adult4 ,x is retrogression1--a m>k ( bad social conditions4 ,civilis$ society is responsible = civilis$ *ildhood1 & %\ld meet its responsibilities4 ,! sweet confid5ce ( a mod]n *ild1 z comp>$ to ! al]t suspicion ( a baby savage1 %[s :at ages ( social safe-gu>d+ h done4 ,9 ! beautiful union ( our civilis$ gr[?1 ev5 s f>1 we h made possible ! ,*ild2 & x is = u /ill fur!r to protect & develope ?is mo/ exquisite social product1--?is greate/ social hope & p[]4 ,society's relation to ! *ild is imp]sonal4 ,x is n limit$ by p>5?ood4 ,! p>5tal relation is l[]1 m limit$4 ,p>5tally1 we c>e only = our own3 socially1 we c>e = all4 ,p>5tally1 we are animals3 socially1 we le>n to love "o ano!r4 ,we become1 approximately1 ,*ri/ians4 ,*ri/ianity is a social condition4 ,9 our pres5t degree ( social progress1 we produce by our specialis$ co-ord9ate activities t safe & com=table mat]ial environm5t1 ^? comp>atively develop$ virtues :i* we call civilisation4 ,b1 9 apply+ ?is common product to ! advancem5t ( ! *ild1--:i* is our be/ & quicke/ way to incorporate progress 9 ! race itself1--we all[ ! incapacity ( ! individual p>5t to limit ! *ild's advantages4 ,we d5y to ! *ild ! conditions necess>y to 8 be/ developm5t1 unless 8 p>ticul> fa!r is able to provide !m4 ,our !ory "h is t ! fa!r w\ld n "w s h>d if ! ,/ate provid$ = 8 *ild2 "s ?9k]s combat+ ev5 ! public s*ool & public libr>y on ?is gr\nd4 ,?is is an outworn economic fallacy4 ,! inf]ior fa!r _c "w beyond a c]ta9 grade because he has n ! capacity2 &1 if ! *ild has only ! advantages ! inf]ior fa!r c provide = him1 he gr[s up to be ano!r inf]ior fa!r & l[-grade work]4 ,! mo/ deadly result ( ?is fooli% neglect ( ! "y citiz5 is se5 9 ! ensu+ action ( ! biological law1 ,reproduction is 9 inv]se proportion to specialisation4 ,because we leave ! *ild to gr[ up unspecialis$1 untra9$1 save = ! puny ef=ts ( 8 s+le l[-grade p>5t1 !re=e he1 9 turn1 helps fill ! _w ) v num]\s & v inf]ior prog5y4 ,we are hamp]$ by ! rapid reproduction ( ! v l[e/ classes ( society1 weight$ d[n by _! defects & limitations1 =c$ to wait--! mo/ advanc$ ( u--= ! great re>-gu>d ( ! population4 ,we mu/ wait because a society is alive1 & includes all its memb]s4 ,x _c out/rip its own inf]ior p>ts1 h[ev] neglect$ & beh9dh& !y may be4 ,& _! numb]s--numb]s resultant f _! l[ condition--complicate ! problem hopelessly4 ,t is1 hopelessly on ?is old fallaci\s notion t ! *ild c h no help f all ! /rong1 ri* _w1 save :at 8 fa!r & "m c filt] ?r\gh _! p]sonal limitations4 ,we are beg9n+ to *ange ?is by our ef=ts at free public education4 ,we %all *ange x m & m z we gr[ consci\sly awake to our true social responsibility to ! *ild4 ,we _c af=d to h "o citiz5 gr[ up bel[ ! /&>ds ( common com=t1 heal?1 & g5]al education4 ,to ! sc>$ cry1 ,b1 if y take ! responsibility (f ^! p1 !y w simply flood ! _w ) wret*$ babies6 comes ! answ] ( natural law1 ,improve ! individual1 & y *eck ?is crude fecundity4 ,x is because !y are neglect$ & inf]ior t !y h s _m *ildr54 ,make high]-class p ( ! *ildr51 & y *eck ?is con/ant influx ( l[-grade life1 & gradually introduce a bett]-born population4 ,:5 ! wise1 b5efic5t p>5tal love ( ,human ,society = its "y really does its duty1 t5d]ly remov+ ob/ructions f ! pa? ( all our little ones1 we %all give to !m ^? common human advantages )\t :i* !y _c gr[ to ! happ9ess :i* is _! "r1 ! usefulness :i* is _! duty4 ,all p>5ts :o are able to d m = _! *ildr5 w\ld be free to d s1 z ^? :o c af=d private s*ools1 or educate _! little ones at home1 are n compell$ to s5d !m to ! public s*ools4 ,z n[ society provides ! s*ool = ! "y citiz51 on ! gr\nd ( public advantage1 )\t reg>d to ! inability ( ! p>5t1 s we mu/ le>n to provide a f> ri*] & m complete education1 & all else t ! p>5t falls %ort 91 because x is necess>y = ! good ( society1 & because we love our *ildr54 ,index4 ,abs5ce ( m9d1 #ed4 ,acquir$ traits n transmissible1 #i4 exp]im5ts ) gu9ea-pigs1 #aa4 ,action1 bodily1 direct$ by m5tal processes1 #eg4 ,adult1 our h\ses built only = !1 #aba4 ,age1 ! presumption (1 #aef4 n necess>ily sup]iority1 #aei4 ,ag$ p]sons1 cause ( ! respect & c>e =1 #afj4 ,ambition ( y\? a =ce to lift mank9d1 !1 #bc4 ,am]ican ,revolution1 !1 m5tion$1 #ce4 ,animal "m1 ! au?ority ( !1 #db4 ,animals1 ob$i5ce 91 #bi4 ,arbitr>y puni%m5t1 effect on ! moral s5se (1 #hd4 ,au?ority ( ! animal "m1 !1 #db4 effect (1 com+ betwe5 ! m9d & action ( ! *ild1 #fj4 ,babies confid$ to ! c>e ( l[] races1 #acd4 ,baby1 impressions ( a1 #di4 consid]$ z a play?+1 #age4 our disrespectful treatm5t ( !1 #aga4 (t5 neglect$ m9d-gr[? ( !1 #bej4 ,baby-g>d51 a public1 #abd4 example ( ! advantages ( a1 #aci4 a private1 #abe4 ,babyhood1 education n ?\ght ( 9 connection )1 #ace4 ,bible1 !1 #aad4 ,biological advantage ( a long] p]iod ( immaturity1 !1 #ah4 law ( reproduction1 #bif4 ,bodily action direct$ by m5tal processes1 #eg4 ,bo/on1 #bhi4 ,bra91 effect ( ob$i5ce on !1 #da4 tra9+ ( *ildr51 !1 #df4 ! (fice ( !1 #dg4 9 e>ly =ms ( life1 #dh4 function ( ! *ild1 #di4 improvem5t1 progress ( humanity made ?r\gh1 #adi4 ,breakfa/1 unpunctuality at1 #adi4 ,bu%m51 !1 #bic4 ,call\s *ild1 treatm5t ( !1 #ib4 ,casabianca1 #cj4 ,c5sus ,report1 ,unit$ ,/ates1 #bcc4 ,"*1 comp>atively small progress 9 ! human1 #bea4 developm5t (1 assi/$ by "r education1 #beb4 ,*a/ity1 ! virtue (1 #bf4 ,*ild1 importance ( ! fir/ fifte5 ye>s ( ! life ( !1 #ba4 ex]cise ( ! w ( !1 9 games1 #bb4 tra9$ to obey1 #ca4 reasons :y ob$i5ce is dem&$ f !1 #cg4 bra9 function ( !1 #di4 !1 %\ld be tra9$ to pres5ce ( m9d1 #ee4 advantage tak5 ( ! cr$ulity ( !1 #ef4 :at !1 feels & ?9ks ignor$1 #eg4 ! m9d ( !1 #eg4 effect ( au?ority com+ betwe5 ! m9d & action ( !1 #fj4 culture ( !1 #fc4 table mann]s1 tea*+ !1 #fc4 e>ly impressions ( a1 #gg4 result ( ! de$ ( a1 dep5d5t ^u p>5tal k1 #hb4 ! naughty1 #ij4 a gr\p ( gr[+ faculties1 #ij4 treatm5t ( ! call\s1 #ib4 games1 ! daily lessons ( !1 #ajh4 tea*+ g5]osity to !1 #aji4 delicacy ( p]ception ( !1 weak5$ by false impressions1 #aaa4 p]ception 9 ! place ( ! ,/ate ( !1 #aai4 "m &1 no sep>ation (1 #abe4 treatm5t ( !1 at home1 #agj4 attitude ( ! family t[>ds !1 #aga4 p]sonal rights ( !1 #agd4 no excuse = contemptu\s treatm5t ( !1 #agg4 necessity = recognis+ ! citiz5%ip ( !1 #ahb4 treatm5t at table ( !1 #ahc4 tea*+ a1 consid]ation1 #ahg4 ! ne$ = consid]ation betwe5 "m &1 #ahg4 t5d5cy to repetition ( a1 #aia4 excessive sacrifice ( ! "m injuri\s to !1 #aic4 h>mful effect ( ! "m's sacrificial devotion to !1 #aig4 effect ( association ) dome/ic s]vants on !1 #bce4 influ5ce ( surr\nd+s on !1 #bcg4 physical conditions ( ! h\sehold a dang] to !1 #bch4 duty ( ! "m to b5efit !1 #bfa4 relation ( ! ,/ate to !1 #bgh4 social responsibility ( p>5ts to !1 #bhj4 gradual protection by society ( !1 #bib4 ,*ild-culture & h\se s]vice1 ! relation betwe51 #bcc4 ! /udy (1 #bfe4 ,*ild-tra9+1 ob$i5ce 91 #cf4 hone/y lack+ 91 #aji4 ,*ildhood1 ! condition ( ! bra9 91 #di4 naturally inconsid]ate1 #ia4 c>eless1 #ic4 clumsy1 #ic4 p]man5ce (1 z a human /atus1 #aai4 ! /atus (1 #ahj4 ,*ildi% fai?1 an expression (1 #ef4 ,*ildr51 importance ( ! "w ( re>+1 #cg4 ! mo/ submissive1 n ! be/ m51 #dc4 tra9$ to act )\t und]/&+1 #ea4 pres5t bra9-tra9+ (1 disc\rag+ to racial advancem5t1 #fb4 %\ld be practis$ 9 reason+1 #fh4 ! puni%m5t (1 #gd4 p>5ts & ! puni%m5t (1 #ge4 ov]-indulg5ce (1 #ge4 le>n be=e s*ool-age1 :at1 #gg4 code ( e?ics among1 #hg4 ! injur$ clo?+ (1 #id4 ly+ to1 #ajb4 e?ics (1 =m$ f ! treatm5t !y receive1 #ajb4 op5 to in/ruction 9 e?ics1 #ajd4 s5se ( ju/ice 91 #aje4 in/ruction (1 9 e?ics1 #ajf4 ! tea*+ ( e?ics to1 #aae4 a p]man5t class1 #aah4 h\ses n built =1 #abj4 playgr\nds =1 beg9n+ to appe>1 #abj4 9 in/itutions1 #abd4 mortality (1 9 in/itutions1 #abf4 exp]t c>e =1 #abg4 ! c>e (1 n s]vant's "w1 #abg4 tra9$ c>e = defective1 #abh4 a place =1 to play 91 #abi4 a special h\se = little1 #abi4 ! home z a place =1 #ahj4 ! private nurse n ! prop] p]son to h ! c>e (1 #acb4 ! mis*iev\sness (1 #acg4 ord]ly developm5t ( ! faculties (1 #adf4 travell+ p>ties (1 #aej4 ! dem&s ( p>5ts on _!1 #afb4 errors ( little1 n gr\nds = hum\r1 #agb4 imp]t95ce (1 #age4 "m's lack ( respect = h]1 #agh4 ! confid5ce (1 n reg>d$1 #agi4 behavi\r ( wom5 to1 #agi4 gr[n p &1 #agi4 disc\rtesy to1 #aha4 ! balance ( human rights %\ld be und]/ood by1 #ahh4 ! que/ions (1 #aia4 our love = our1 #aib4 b5efit ( mo!rs obs]v+ o!r peoples'1 #bjd4 me?od ( obs]vation (1 #bjf4 ! effect ( ! education (1 by h\se-s]vants1 #bdj4 improv$ environm5t (1 a road to racial improvem5t1 #bfd4 mat]nal in/9ct n suffici5t to ensure good conditions =1 #bfg4 ! duty ( ! ,/ate to1 #bij4 ,*9ese1 !1 #ab4 ,*ri/ianity a social condition1 #bie4 ,citiz5%ip ( ! *ild1 necessity = recognis+ !1 #ahb4 ,civic duties1 ignor+ (1 by wom51 #aed4 ,class1 *ildr5 a p]man5t1 #aah4 ,clo?+1 *ildr5's injur$1 #id4 ,collegiate ,alumn1 ! ,society (1 #bhi4 ,comb9$ mo!rhood1 ! possibilities (1 #bhd4 ,conduct1 all1 "r or wrong1 #ajg4 ,confid5ce ( *ildr5 n reg>d$1 !1 #agi4 ,cons]vatism1 fem99e1 #afi4 ,consid]ation betwe5 "m & *ild1 ! ne$ =1 #ahg4 ,consid]ation ( o!rs n id5tical ) ob$i5ce1 #dj4 tea*+ a *ild1 #ahg4 ,consi/5cy1 ! desire =1 #eh4 ,con/itution1 our inh]itance (1 #ae4 ,c\rage1 ! virtue (1 #bg4 ,cr$ulity ( ! *ild tak5 advantage (1 #ef4 ,crime1 retributive puni%m5t (1 #gc4 ,cruelty to ,*ildr51 ,society = ! ,prev5tion (1 #ge4 ,defective *ildr51 tra9$ c>e =1 #abh4 ,developm5t1 arre/$ social1 #e4 race1 & environm5t1 #g4 ( "* assi/$ by "r education1 #beb4 ,discipl9e1 ! "q (1 #gj4 dome/ic1 #gg4 ,disc\rtesy to *ildr51 #aha4 ,discussion betwe5 mo!rs1 b5efits (1 #bjg4 ,doctr9e ( sacrifice1 !1 #aid4 ,dome/ic discipl9e1 #gg4 relation1 ! small *ange 91 #ajj4 ,s]vice ,bureau1 #bed4 ,don't ,m>y1 #ei4 ,education1 ob$i5ce 9 human1 #bi4 n ?\ght ( 9 connection ) babyhood1 #ace4 advantages ( unconsci\s1 #add4 no?+ too exp5sive t improves1 #aej4 ( *ildr5 by h\se-s]vants1 !1 #bdj4 developm5t ( "* assi/$ by "r1 #beb4 bett]1 = ! "y an imp]ative ne$1 #bec4 a social process1 #bhj4 ,educational p]ception1 lack (1 among mo!rs1 #bdi4 ,emulation1 ! love (1 #bc4 ,endurance1 ! virtue (1 #bf4 ,environm5t & race developm5t1 #g4 ,eskimo1 !1 #bic4 ,e?ics1 code (1 among *ildr51 #hg4 our k (1 #ig4 ! cause ( our small gr[? 91 #ig4 & social evolution1 #ii4 influ5ce ( religi\s cu/om on1 #ajj4 *ildr5 _c le>n1 f ! treatm5t !y receive1 #ajb4 a *ild op5 to in/ruction 91 #ajd4 ! sci5ce ( social relation1 #aje4 ! in/ruction ( *ildr5 91 #ajf4 s5se (1 %[n 9 games1 !1 #ajh4 self-control "o ( ! fir/ ess5tials 9 ! practice (1 #ajg4 values1 long association (1 ) religi\s text-books1 #aad4 ! tea*+ (1 to *ildr51 #aae4 necessity = ! /udy ( practical1 #aad4 necessity = mo!rs to be gr\nd$ 91 #aaf4 ,example bett] ?an precept1 #ea4 ,exp]i5ce1 #afg4 ,fai?1 a *ildi% expression (1 #ef4 ,fa!r1 !1 awake to ! duties ( social p>5tage1 #bhc4 ! *oice ( a1 #bfd4 ,family1 attitude t[>ds ! little *ild ( !1 #aga4 -life1 primitive m5tal habits fo/]$ 91 #afi4 ,fem99e cons]vatism1 #afi4 ,fooli%ness ( y\? due to our tra9+1 #ba4 ,fr5* ,revolution1 !1 #ec4 ,games1 ! *ild's daily lessons1 #ajh4 e?ical s5se %[n 91 #ajh4 ,g5]osity1 tea*+ ! *ild1 #aji4 ,girl1 reason = ! majority ( a1 at eighte51 #bic4 ,god1 ,hebrew traditions (1 #cd4 ,go?s1 !1 #fa4 ,gr[n p & *ildr51 #agi4 ,habit & tradition1 ! home ! /ronghold (1 #ce4 ,hebrew traditions ( ,god1 #cd4 ,home1 !1 ! /ronghold ( habit & tradition1 #ce4 z a place = *ildr51 #acj4 ,homes1 ! "m ! dome/ic s]vant 9 ! majority (1 #bcc4 ,hone/y lack+ 9 *ild-tra9+1 #aaj4 ,horse-tra9+1 #ga4 ,hott5tots1 !1 #bic4 ,h\sehold1 physical conditions ( !1 a dang] to ! *ild1 #bch4 lab\r1 m5tal capacities develop$ by1 #bdg4 employm5t ( skill$ lab\r =1 #bgf4 ,h\ses n built = *ildr51 #abj4 built = ! adult only1 #aba4 ,h\se-s]vice & *ild-culture1 ! relation betwe51 #bcc4 qualities develop$ by1 #bdc4 ,h\sework1 few wom5 l1 #bde4 ,human behavi\r1 ! :ole scale (1 is natural1 #bef4 "*1 comp>atively small progress 9 !1 #bea4 conduct1 ! ^w natural appli$ to1 #beg4 creature1 m5tal work+s ( !1 #ej4 a self-gov]n+ intellig5ce1 #dj4 p>5tage1 selfi%ness (1 #agh4 -p>5?ood1 prolong$1 #h4 progress1 y\? ! f\nta9 (1 #ba4 rights1 *ildr5 to und]/& ! balance (1 #ahh4 /atus1 p]man5ce ( *ildhood z a1 #aai4 /ock1 improv+ !1 #bfc4 be+1 !1 a social con/itu5t1 #ai4 :o does n "w contemptible1 !1 #bge4 ,humanity1 degrees (1 #c4 to improve1 #f4 ! "t to develop ! inh]itance (1 #ag4 progress (1 made ?r\gh bra9 improvem5t1 #adi4 ,hum\r1 errors ( ! *ild n gr\nds =1 #agb4 ,imp]t95ce ( *ildr51 !1 #age4 ,immaturity1 biological advantage ( a long] p]iod (1 #ah4 ,impressions ( a baby1 !1 #di4 ( a *ild1 e>ly1 #gg4 ,improve1 humanity to1 #f4 ,improvem5t1 race1 transmitt$1 #d4 all possible1 9 ! individual to be made be=e p>5tage1 #ba4 ( ! human /ock1 !1 #bfc4 ,individual rights1 ma9t5ance (1 by ! "m1 #aie4 ,individuals1 social s]vice mu/ be giv5 by1 #bj4 ,infant mortality %amefully l>ge1 #bdf4 ,inh]itance ( con/itution1 our1 #ae4 ,intellig5ce1 ! human be+ a self-gov]n+1 #dj4 ,in/9ct1 p>5tal1 #agg4 our dep5d5ce on ! mat]nal1 #bfc4 mat]nal1 n suffici5t to ensure good conditions to *ildr51 #bfg4 ,in/itutions1 *ildr5 91 #abd4 mortality ( *ildr5 91 #abf4 ,jesuits1 ob$i5ce ( !1 #cd4 ,ju/ice1 s5se (1 9 *ildr51 #aje4 ,k & wisdom1 ! diff]5ce betwe51 #ed4 ,koran1 !1 #aad4 ,lab\r1 ! employm5t ( skill$1 = h\sehold1 #bgf4 h\sehold1 m5tal capacities develop$ by1 #bdg4 ,law ( p>5tal love1 !1 #agg4 ,life1 ! bra9 9 e>ly =ms (1 #dh4 ,lifetime1 ! mo/ important decade ( a1 #ah4 ,love = our *ildr51 our1 #aib4 ! law ( p>5tal1 #agg4 op5 to measurem5t by results1 #aib4 "m1 #aic1 #aig4 ,ly+ to *ildr51 #ajb4 ,majority ( a girl at eighte51 reason = !1 #bic4 ,man1 ! di/9ctive p[] (1 #ec4 ,m>y ,don't1 #ei4 ,mat]nal in/9ct1 our dep5d5ce on !1 #bfc4 n suffici5t to ensure good conditions = *ildr51 #bfg4 ,mat]nal passion1 ne$ = re/ra9t ( !1 #aig4 ,maturity1 e>ly1 a sign ( bad social conditions1 #bid4 ,m5tal capacities develop$ by h\sehold lab\rs1 #bdg4 habits1 primitive1 fo/]$ 9 family life1 #afi4 work+s ( ! human creature1 #ej4 ,me?uselah1 #aeh4 ,modification1 race1 & individual modification1 #aj4 ,moral s5se1 effect on !1 ( arbitr>y puni%m5t1 #hd4 ,mortality1 infant1 %amefully l>ge1 #bdf4 ,m9d1 effect ( ob$i5ce on ! gr[+1 #cg4 abs5ce (1 #ed4 pres5ce (1 #ed4 connection betwe5 !1 & behavi\r1 #ed4 ( a *ild1 !1 #eg4 effect ( au?ority com+ betwe5 ! *ild's1 & 8 action1 #fj4 ,m9d-gr[? ( ! baby1 ! (t5 neglect$1 #bhj4 failure ( ! "m to keep 9 t\* ) !1 #bej4 ,"m1 ! au?ority ( ! animal1 #db4 necessity = !1 to be gr\nd$ 9 e?ics1 #aaf4 & *ild1 no sep>ation (1 #abe4 !1 n tra9$ z an educator1 #ace4 & *ild1 ! ne$ = consid]ation betwe51 #ahg4 excessive sacrifice ( !1 injuri\s to ! *ild1 #aic4 ma9t5ance ( individual rights by !1 #aie4 ! dome/ic s]vant 9 ! majority ( homes1 !1 #bcc4 ! natural1 #beh4 duty ( !1 to b5efit ! *ild1 #bfa4 ! unnatural1 #bfe4 ,"m's lack ( respect = h] little *ildr51 #agi4 sacrificial devotion to ! *ild1 h>mful effect (1 !1 #aig4 p]sonality1 ! place = a1 #bhf4 ,mo!rs1 ! ne$ = union among1 #bja4 b5efits ( discussion betwe51 #bjg4 b5efit (1 obs]v+ o!r p's *ildr51 #bjd4 lack ( educational p]ception among1 #bdi4 ! t]m natural z appli$ to1 #beh4 necessity = enl>g+ ! responsibility (1 #bhg4 public duty (1 #bhh4 ,"m's ,congress1 !1 #gf4 ,"m-love1 #aic1 #aig4 ,mo!rhood1 progress 91 #bfa4 prep>ation =1 #bfh4 "w dur+1 #bga4 possibilities ( comb9$1 #bhd4 ,natural law1 ! wisdom ( foll[+1 #dc4 ,natural1 ! use ( ! ^w1 #bee4 ! ^w1 appli$ to human conduct1 #beg4 ! :ole scale ( human behavi\r is1 #bef4 ! t]m1 z appli$ to mo!rs1 #beh4 ,nature1 a /ate (1 #bef4 ,nurse1 ! private1 n a prop] p]son to h ! c>e ( *ildr51 #acb4 ,nurs]y1 a public1 sugge/$1 #abc4 isolation ( ! private1 injuri\s to ! *ild1 #acb4 ,nursemaids1 difficulty ( gett+ suitable1 #bab4 ,ob$i5ce1 #bg4 ! use (1 #bh4 9 animals1 #bi4 9 human education1 #bi4 ! reason =1 #ca4 our rev]5ce =1 easily trac$1 #cb4 9 *ild tra9+1 #cf4 ( ! ,jesuits1 #cd4 is dem&$ f ! *ild1 reasons :y1 #cg4 effect (1 on ! gr[+ m9d1 #cg4 ! injuri\s reaction f1 #ci4 consid]ation ( o!rs n id5tical )1 #dj4 effect (1 on ! bra91 #da4 qualities develop$ by1 #de4 ,obs]vation ( *ildr51 me?od (1 #bjf4 ,old1 ! advantage ( ! "y ov] !1 #aeh4 ,ov]-indulg5ce ( *ildr51 !1 #ge4 ,p>5t1 cont9u$ life ( !1 #f4 ,p>5tage1 traits acquir$ be=e1 transmissible1 #ad4 all possible improvem5t 9 ! individual %\ld be made be=e1 #ba4 n a pr(ession1 #afe4 selfi%ness ( human1 #agh4 ,p>5tal k1 result ( ! *ild's de$ made dep5d5t ^u1 #hb4 duty ! gift ( nature1 #afd4 in/9ct1 #agg4 love1 ! law (1 #agg4 ,p>5?ood1 prolong$ human1 #h4 ! "w (1 #cg4 ,p>5ts1 want ( publicity & community 9 ! action (1 #ge4 ! puni%m5t ( *ildr5 by1 #ge4 duty (1 to *ildr51 #afa4 dem&s (1 on _! *ildr51 #afb4 ,p>5ts' ,congress1 !1 #gj4 social responsibility to ! *ild1 #bhj4 ,p5ology1 ! advance 91 #gc4 ,p1 ne$ = a bett] k9d (1 #bea4 ,p]ception1 delicacy ( a *ild's1 weak5$ by false impressions1 #aaa4 ,p]sonal example1 social duty %[n by1 #aab4 ,p]sonal rights ( ! *ild1 !1 #agd4 ,p]sonality1 ! place = a "m's1 #bhf4 ,philadelphia wat] supply1 !1 #bhi4 ,playgr\nds1 *ildr5s'1 beg9n+ to appe>1 #abj4 ,play?+1 a baby consid]$ a1 #age4 ,precept1 example bett] ?an1 #ea4 ,prep>$ ,food ,association1 !1 #bed4 ,pres5ce ( m9d1 #ed4 ! *ild tra9$ to con/ant1 #ee4 ,pr9t+ press1 ma9 value ( !1 #e4 ,pr(ession1 p>5tage n a1 #afe4 ,progress born into ! race1 #g4 ,prote/ant ,re=mation1 !1 #ce4 ,public nurs]y1 a1 sugge/$1 #abc4 baby g>d51 a1 #abd4 duty ( mo!rs1 #bhh4 ,puni%m5t1 retributive1 #gc4 ( *ildr51 !1 #gd4 by p>5ts1 #ge4 arbitr>y1 effect (1 on ! moral s5se1 #hd4 ,qualities develop$ by ob$i5ce1 #de4 h\se-s]vice1 #bdc4 ,"q ( discipl9e1 !1 #ga4 ,que/ions ( *ildr51 !1 #aia4 ,race improvem5t transmitt$1 #d4 developm5t & environm5t1 #g4 progress born into !1 #g4 modification & individual modification1 #aj4 ,racial advance1 improvem5t 9 ! environm5t ( *ildr5 a road to1 #bfd4 ,reaction f ob$i5ce1 ! injuri\s1 #ci4 ,re>+ *ildr51 importance ( ! "w (1 #cg4 ,reason+1 *ildr5 %\ld be practis$ 91 #fh4 ,repetition1 a *ild's t5d5cy to1 #aia4 ,reproduction1 biological law (1 #bif4 rapid1 ( ! l[e/ classes resultant f _! condition1 #big4 ,respect to be comm&$1 n dem&$1 #aff4 ,results1 love op5 to measurem5t by1 #aib4 ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ob$i5ce 9 !1 #cd4 ,sacrifice1 ! doctr9e (1 #aid4 ,salisbury me?od1 !1 #cg4 ,savage1 !1 z a social con/itu5t1 #ai4 ,s*ools1 ! improvem5t (1 #adi4 ,s*ool age1 :at *ildr5 le>n be=e1 #gg4 ,self-control "o ( ! fir/ ess5tials 9 ! practice ( e?ics1 #ajg4 ,s]vants1 dome/ic1 effect ( association )1 on ! *ild1 #bce4 ,%elley's ,skyl>k m5tion$1 #ec4 ,skyl>k1 ,%elley's1 m5tion$1 #ec4 ,skill$ lab\r1 employm5t (1 = h\sehold "w1 #bga4 ,social conditions1 e>ly maturity ! sign ( bad1 #bhd4 con/itu5t1 ! human be+ a1 #ai4 ! savage z a1 #ai4 developm5t1 arre/$1 #e4 duty %[n by p]sonal example1 #aab4 evolution & e?ics1 #ii4 p>5tage1 ! fa!r awake to ! duties (1 #bhc4 relation1 e?ics ! sci5ce (1 #aje4 s]vice giv5 by individuals1 #bj4 /atus1 a1 at ! level ( its ma9 con/itu5ts1 #bj4 ,society = ! ,prev5tion ( ,cruelty to ,*ildr51 #ge4 ,society ( ,collegiate ,alumn1 !1 #bhi4 ,society1 gradual protection ( ! *ild by1 #bib4 ,species1 our p[] to improve !1 #c4 ,/ate ( nature1 a1 #bef4 ,/ate1 p]ception ( ! *ild's place 9 !1 #aai4 relation ( !1 to ! *ild1 #bgh4 ! duty ( !1 to *ildr51 #bij4 ,sunday-s*ool1 !1 #aag4 ,surr\nd+s1 influ5ce (1 on ! *ild1 #bcg4 ,table mann]s1 tea*+ a *ild1 #fc4 ,table1 treatm5t ( ! *ild at1 #ahc4 ,talmud1 !1 #aad4 ,tea*+ tak5 up only by wom5 oblig$ to "w1 #adh4 ,?ompson's1 ,mr41 /ory1 #bi4 ,?\ght & action1 connection betwe51 #ef4 ,traits acquir$ be=e p>5tage transmissible1 #ad4 ,traits1 acquir$1 n transmissible1 #i4 ,travell+ p>ties ( *ildr51 #aej4 ,treatm5t ( ! baby1 our disrespectful1 #aga4 ! *ild1 no excuse = contemptu\s1 #agg4 ,unconsci\s education1 advantages (1 #add4 ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus ,report1 !1 #bcc4 ,union among mo!rs1 ! ne$ (1 #bja4 ,unnatural "m1 !1 #bfe4 ,unpunctuality at breakfa/1 #ahi4 ,virtue1 all1 made ( necessity1 #bg4 ( *a/ity1 #bg4 ( c\rage1 !1 #bg4 ( endurance1 !1 #bf4 ( ob$i5ce1 !1 #bg4 :at is a1 #be4 ,weissman1 !ory1 !1 #i4 ,w1 p[] ( !1 #dg4 ,wisdom & k1 #ed4 ( foll[+ natural law1 #dc4 ,woman's bra9 modifi$ by its k9d ( ex]cise1 #bde4 ,wom51 ignor+ ( civic duties by1 #aed4 ! c>e ( *ildr5 ! duty (1 #aee4 behavi\r (1 to *ildr51 #agi4 few1 l h\sework1 #bde4 ,"w1 !1 ( p>5?ood1 #cg4 dur+ mo!rhood1 #bga4 ! human be+ :o does n1 contemptible1 #bge4 ,"y1 advantage ( !1 ov] ! old1 #aeh4 bett] education ( !1 an imp]ative ne$1 #bec4 ambition ( !1 a =ce to lift mank9d1 #bc4 respect due to !1 #agb4 ,y\?1 ! fooli%ness (1 due to our tra9+1 #ba4 ! f\nta9 ( human progress1 #ba4 ,z5d-,ave/a1 !1 #aad4 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,morrison ,,& ,,gibb ,,limit$1 ,,ed9burgh 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,books ,,( ,,*>lotte ,,p]k9s ,,/etson 7,mrs4 ,g4 ,h4 ,,gilman7 ,,wom5 ,,& ,,economics ,a ,,/udy ,,( ,,! ,,economic ,,relation ,,betwe5 ,,m5 ,,& ,,wom5 ,,z ,a ,,factor ,,9 ,,social ,,evolution #ceh pages1 cr[n #hvo1 clo?1 #fs4 ,9 writ+ ?is book x has be5 ,mrs4 ,/etson's purpose to po9t out1 expla91 & ju/ify ! *anges n[ go+ on 9 ! relations ( wom5 to society4 ,! subject is "o :i* mu/ inevitably come home to e h\sehold 9 ! c\ntry4 ,no woman1 :atev] h] position or ! conditions surr\nd+ h]1 c read ! book & n feel t ! :ole argum5t applies to h]self & h] conc]ns almo/ l a p]sonal appeal4 ,9 brief1 ! position tak5 is t wom5 h = c5turies be5 economically dep5d5t on m52 t z a result wom5 h be5 t5d+ to become m & m fem99e & less & less normal human be+s4 ,ev5 ?is bald /atem5t ( ,mrs4 ,/etson's !sis w s]ve to %[ ! scope & importance ( h] book4 ,! argum5t is ext5d$ to e bran* ( social activity ) rem>kable orig9ality4 ,x may safely be said t h>dly any volume ( rec5t ye>s has treat$ a confus$ subject ) s mu* real intellig5ce & 9 an attitude s s+ul>ly fair & high-m9d$4 ,x has be5 no "p ( ,mrs4 ,/etson's purpose to write a dull book4 ,on ! contr>y1 "o ( ! surpris+ qualities ( ,wom5 & ,economics is its readabl5ess ?r\gh\t--! really absorb+ int]e/ ( its argum5t ev5 to ! lea/ sci5tific read]4 ,x is a book h>d to lay d[n4 ,"o h>dly kn[s :i* to admire ! m1--its cle>ness1 e>ne/ness1 & c\rage1 or ! ke5 wit & %rewd satire :i* keep its pages fre% & sp>kl+ to ! end4 ,:e!r "o f9ally agrees ) ,mrs4 ,/etson's position or n1 ,wom5 & ,economics is di/9ctly a book "o _c af=d to miss4 ,x is wor? read+ if only = its high ideals ( a f9] m>riage1 a family bett] n\ri%$ & bett] br$1 a full] life & opportunity = *ildhood1 & a m complete & bett] r\nd$ womanhood 9 ! h\se z well z 9 society4 ,,:at ,,! ,,critics ,,say ,mrs4 ,/etson's polemical poetry has a =ce & vig\r ( its own1 :i* may p]haps s]ve to drive home ! argum5ts lucidly /at$ 9 ',wom5 & ,economics4' ,%e diff]s f o!r advocates ( wom5's rights1 *iefly 9 h] e/imate ( wom5 z !y are4--,a!num4 ,!re h be5 he>d n[ & aga9 :isp]s ( fem99e discont5t1 h9ts t ! relations ( ! sexes are on a n entirely satisfactory foot+1 & sugge/ions t m>riage f a woman's po9t ( view1 comes ne> be+ a failure4444 ,9 h] book ,mrs4 ,/etson goes to ! v root ( ! matt]1 & turns h9ts1 z x 71 into italics4--,_w4 ,! *>m ( ! book lies 9 its evid5t s9c]ity1 its eloqu5t appeals to ! high] side ( human nature1 & its :olesale optimism4 ,^! qualities w make ! book a p[] = good among ^? :o h hi!rto giv5 little ?\ght to ! position ( wom5 9 society1 & ! fe>less exposure ( _m social evils w /imulate su* read]s to s]i\s ?\ght4--,fabian ,news4 ,:5 we pass to ! book ( ! lady ^: inspiration is d]iv$ f ! expansive temp]am5t ( ! great ,republic ( ! ,we/ 444 we recognise at once h[ mu* m hopeful "o c be :5 "o is n a citiz5 ( a play$-out ,european nation4444 ,mrs4 ,/etson's int5tion is to %[ t :at %e calls ! 'excessive sex developm5t' ( wom5 is responsible = "s ( ! wor/ evils "u :i* we suff]4444 ,) a great deal ( :at %e says on ?is matt] x is impossible n to agree4--,saturday ,review4 ',wom5 & ,economics' is a book to be read & a book to be ?\ght ab\t1 :e!r y may agree ) x or n4 ,if all ! lit]ature ( ! fem9i/ movem5t _h be5 half s cog5t1 s accurately bas$ on fact1 s s9c]e1 & )al s pure & mode/ z ?is1 ! fem9i/ movem5t ( to-day w\ld h be5 a great deal f>!r advanc$ ?an x is4--,he>? & ,home4 ,"h is a book t1 :e!r we look on its tea*+ z :olesome or dang]\s1 we are b\nd to ackn[l$ge to be ( exceptional ability4 ,x is ! book ( a woman ( a cle> & ( a tra9$ intellect1 & ( great c\rage4 ,z su* x dem&s att5tion & v likely w get x--( ! ho/ile k9d--f _m qu>t]s4--,bookman4 ,to-day x w meet ) opposition & dispute--m or less great z we appreciate m or less truly ! conditions ( human progress4 ,t5 ye>s h5ce--p]haps five ye>s h5ce--x w be accept$ eag]ly4 ,tw5ty ye>s h5ce x w be a m]e mile/one ( hi/ory4 ,^! are ! /ages ?r\gh :i* books mu/ pass :i* conta9 true analyses ( transi5t societies4 ,b ! lit]>y hi/orian :o some:]e t[>ds ! latt] half ( ! tw5tie? c5tury looks up ,mrs4 ,/etson's volume1 w f9d amid phrases gr[n old-fa%ion$1 & argum5ts long s9ce admitt$1 a sp>kle ( wit1 a lucidity ( /atem5t & an admirable _s ( ju/ice & all[ance1 likely ev5 9 ^? improv$ days to be /ill r>e among controv]siali/s4--,academy4 ,!re is "o ?+ at all ev5ts t may be pr$icat$ ( ?is book4 ,x is admirably devis$ = ! purpose ( mak+ a du/4444 ,!re are "s :o w read ,mrs4 ,/etson's book ) ang] or w turn f x ) repulsion4 ,i _c put myself 9 _! place4 ,to me x seems t ! c\rage\s & cle>-head$ ,am]ican woman speaks z a rule ! language ( reason & s5se4 ,i read h] ) pleasure & gratitude4444 ,x is an hone/ & /imulat+ book4 ,p]fect 9 temp]1 noble 9 int5tion1 & !re=e x is to be cordially welcom$4--,sunday ,sun4 ,mrs4 ,/etson is su* a specim5 ( ! mod]n woman z x does "o good to enc\nt]4 ,%e is /rong & cle>2 z free f noise z f flippancy4444 ',wom5 & ,economics' is a book to read4--,e*o4 ,mrs4 ,/etson's contribution to ! woman "q is a notable "o1 b x is notable *iefly because ( its logical conclusions1 its con/ructive ability1 its art ( putt+ ?+s 9 an arrang+ way4--,humanit>ian4 ,,9 ,,?is ,,our ,,_w ,,revis$ ,,& ,,enl>g$ ,,edition #afmo1 clo?1 ornam5tal1 gilt top1 ) a photogravure frontispiece f a rec5t photograph1 #es4 ,?is new ,edition1 foll[+ ! little pamphlet volumes issu$ on ! ,pacific ,coa/1 %\ld give h] book a popul>ity z wide z ! c\ntry4 ,c]ta9ly ! vig\r1 ! v]ve1 ! deep moral e>ne/ness1 & ! delightful hum\r & extraord9>y tal5t = satire :i* %e displays 9 ^! poems1 h h>dly be5 surpass$4 ,! volume is divid$ into ?ree p>ts4 ,! fir/1 entitl$ ,! ,_w1 ranges 9 subject f ,simil> ,cases & ,an ,ob/acle 7to "n only two ( ^? satirical pieces by :i* ,mrs4 ,/etson has hi!rto be5 be/ kn[n71 to lyrics ( nature rem>kable = _! t5d] sympa?y & lov+ obs]vation4 ,:ile ! ?ird "p1 call$ ,! ,m>*1 deals ) ! =w>d movem5t ( human bro!rhood :i* has always be5 s de> to ,mrs4 ,/etson's he>t4 ,,press ,,notices ,mrs4 ,/etson's civic satire is ( a =m :i* %e has h]self inv5t$2 x recalls ! "w ( no "o else2 y c say ( x t s9ce ! ,bigl[ ,pap]s !re has be5 no satire approa*+ x 9 ! wit fla%+ f pr(\nd conviction4--,w4 ,d4 ,,h[ells 9 ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,review4 ,mrs4 ,/etson has pl5ty to say1 especially :5 h] !me is revolt4--,spectator4 ,%e puts ?+s 9 a new way & succe$s by %e] int5sity ( insight & directness ( p]sonal consci\sness4 ,! book is too exclusively occupi$ ) morals1 no d\bt2 b ?is is an ,anglo-,saxon weakness--or /r5g?1 &1 l ev]y?+ else1 x is ju/ifi$ :5 x succe$s4444 ,we d n say t ?is is a volume ( great poetry1 b we d say t x is an orig9al & int]e/+ book1 "o ( ! be/ k9d1 ! k9d t makes u /op & ?9k4--,lit]ature4 ,on ! :ole ,mrs4 ,/etson's little book is a refre%+ pro( ( ! spread ( culture 9 ,cali=nia4--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,! gospel :i* ,c4 ,p4 ,/etson prea*es 9 h] delightful v]ses1 ',9 ?is our ,_w1' is z orig9al z x is well express$4 ,x is n only 9 ! novelty ( ! !me1 b also 9 ! fre%ness & vig\r ( h] diction1 t h] *>m lies4444 ,%e is really a v rem>kable writ]1 & possesses a p[] ( ?\ght & expression seldom met )4--,g5tlewoman4 ,,! ,,yell[ ,,wall ,,pap] #abmo1 pap] bo>ds1 #bs4 ,mrs4 ,*>lotte ,p]k9s ,/etson's ',! ,yell[ ,wall ,pap]' is a conceit fanta/ical & gruesome en\gh to h emanat$ f ! bra9 ( ,edg> ,poe4 ,x is writt5 ) rem>kable vividness1 z if ! writ] _h exp]i5c$ some?+ v l ! mis]y :i* %e describes4 ,!re is no?+ extravagant or unreal 9 ! n>ration4 ,wall-pap]s1 yell[ & o!r col\r$1 h _h (t5 a p]nici\s influ5ce on p ( defective n]v\s poise1 & q unbalanc$ !m4 ,mrs4 ,/etson's /ory has a purely lit]>y ju/ification1 b is none ! worse = tea*+ a lesson :i* "s lov+ husb&s & p>5ts w\ld d well to he$4--,*ri/ian ,regi/]4 ,,talks ,,) ,,b>b>a ,be+ an ,in=mal & ,exp]im5tal ,discussion1 f ! ,po9t ( ,view ( a ,"y ,woman ( ,to-morr[1 ( c]ta9 ( ! ,complexities ( ,life1 p>ticul>ly 9 reg>d to ! ,relations ( ,m5 & ,wom5 ,by ,,elizabe? ,,knight ,,tompk9s ,,au?or ,,( ,,h] ,,maje/y1 ,,! ,,?+s ,,t ,,c\nt1 ,,etc4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo? extra1 #fs4 ,miss ,tompk9s sets =? 9 ?is volume c]ta9 /rik+ op9ions 9 reg>d to ! problems :i* confront "y m5 & "y wom5 ( to-day4 ,%e has drawn a bright & en]getic girl1 ^: breezy talks ) h] mascul9e fri5d include _m bits ( prote/ aga9/ ! re/rictions at pres5t impos$ by ,mrs4 ,grundy4 ,,! ,,?+s ,,t ,,c\nt ,by ,,elizabe? ,,knight ,,tompk9s ,,au?or ,,( ,,h] ,,maje/y1 ,,! ,,brok5 ,,r+1 ,,etc4 #abmo1 clo?1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,9 h] well-kn[n graphic /yle1 ,miss ,tompk9s has made a /rong & vivid /udy ( a "* hi!rto n del9eat$ 9 ,am]ican fiction4 ,h] h]o9e is an indol5t "y woman ( small means1 :o lives by visit+ ! h\ses ( weal?y fri5ds4 ,! /ory ( h] reg5]ation1 ?r\gh h] affection = a man ( /rong "*1 is clev]ly told4 ,,h\sehold ,,economics ,a ,,c\rse ,,( ,,lectures ,,9 ,,! ,,s*ool ,,( ,,economics ,,( ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,wiscons9 ,by ,,hel5 ,,campbell ,,au?or ,,( ,,prison]s ,,( ,,pov]ty1 ,,wom5 ,,wage-,,e>n]s1 ,,etc4 #hvo1 clo? extra1 gilt tops1 #fs4 ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons ,,london ,,& ,,new ,,york 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,a few obvi\s pr9t] errors 7 repair$1 b o!rwise spell+ & punctuation 7 reta9$ z 9 ! orig9al1 includ+ v>iant spell+s on ! same words 7= example3 color & col\r74 ,! index is n li/$ 9 ! orig9al ,cont5ts page4 ,9 ! orig9al1 index entries = ,humanity1 degrees (1 & ,species1 p[] to improve !1 errone\sly ref]r$ to page #a4 ,^! entries h be5 correct$ to page #c4