,hi]oglyphics ,hi]oglyphics ,by ,ar?ur ,ma*5 ,au?or ( ,! ,great ,god ,pan1 etc4 ,london ,grant ,ri*>ds #aijb ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts ,page ,,note v ,i #a ,,ii #db ,,iii #fh ,,iv #ii ,v #abe ,,vi #aej ,,app5dix #aga ,,note ,x 0 my privilege1 _m ye>s ago1 to make ! acqua9tance ( ! obscure lit]>y h]mit1 ^: talk ,i h tri$ to reproduce 9 ! pages t foll[4 ,our fir/ meet+ 0 "o ( ^? *ance affairs t n[ & !n mitigate ! lonel9ess ( ! ,london /reets1 & a second haz>d l$ to ! discov]y t we _h _m int]e/s 9 common4 ,i ?9k t ! ,h]mit 7z ,i %all call him7 _h begun to f9d ! p]petual solitude ( 8 ye>s a gr[+ t]ror1 & he 0 n sorry to h a li/5]2 at fir/1 inde$1 he talk$ almo/ ) ! joy ( a *ild1 or r ( a prison] :o has escap$ f ! h\se ( sil5ce1 b z he *ose subjects :i* h always int]e/$ me int5sely1 he gave z mu* pleasure z he receiv$1 & ,i became an assidu\s visitor ( 8 cell4 ,he _h f\nd an odd retreat4 ,he avoid$ p]sonalities1 & _h a happy knack ( =gett+ any t ,i v\*saf$ on my side1 7he =got my "n ?ree times on ! fir/ ev5+ t we sp5t toge!r1 & succe$$ 9 repeat+ ?is feat ov] & ov] aga9 s9ce !n71 & ,i nev] ga!r$ mu* ( 8 pa/ hi/ory4 ,b ,i believe t some?+ _h happ5$ _m ye>s be=e1 9 ! prehi/oric age ( ! 'sev5ties4 ,!re _h be5 a break ( "s sort 9 ! man's life :5 he 0 q "y2 & s he _h left ! _w & gone to ,b>nsbury1 an almo/ my?ical region ly+ betwe5 ,p5tonville & ! ,cal$onian ,road4 ,"h1 9 ! mo/ retir$ /reet ( t retir$ qu>t]1 he occupi$ two rooms on ! gr\nd floor ( a big1 m\ldy h\se1 /&+ ap>t f ! /reet & %elt]$ by gaunt gr[n trees & anci5t %rubs2 & j beside ! dim & du/y w9d[ ( ! sitt+-room a laburnum _h ca/ a gre5 /a9 on ! decay+ wall4 ,! laburnum _h gr[n wild1 l all ! trees & %rubs1 & "s ( its black1 /raggl+ b\ghs bru%$ ! pane1 & ( d>k1 w9dy nights :ile we sat toge!r & talk$ ( art & life we w\ld be />tl$ by ! sudd5 viol5ce ) :i* ^? bran*es beat angrily ^u ! glass4 ,! room seem$ always d>k4 ,i suppose t ! h\se _h be5 built 9 ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury1 & _h be5 alt]$ & add$ to at v>i\s p]iods1 ) a f9al do+ up = ! comp>ative luxury ( someone 9 ! 't5s or 'tw5ties2 !re 71 ,i ?9k1 tw5ty rooms 9 x1 & my fri5d us$ to decl>e t :5 a new s]vant came %e sp5t _m mon?s 9 f9d+ h] way 9 ! complicat$ maze ( /airs & passages1 & t ! l&lady ev5 0 n[ & !n at fault4 ,b ! room 9 :i* we sat 0 hung ) flock pap]1 ( a deep & heavy crimson col\r1 & ev5 on bright summ] ev5+s ! crimson look$ almo/ black1 & seem$ to ca/ a %ad[ into ! room4 ,(t5 we sat !re till ! v]itable d>kness came1 & ea* c\ld sc>cely see ! :ite ( ! o!r's face1 & !n my fri5d w\ld light two lonely c&les on ! mantelpiece1 or if he wi%$ to read he set "o on a table beside him2 & :5 ! c&les 7 light$ ,i ?\ght t ! gloom grew m int5se1 & look+ ?r\gh ! uncurta9$ w9d[ "o c\ld n see ev5 ! fri5dly tw9kle ( ! gas-lamp 9 ! /reet1 b only ! vague gr[? ( ! laburnum1 & ! tangle ( b\ghs beyond4 ,x 0 a l>ge room & gave me always a s5se ( empty space4 ,aga9/ "o wall /ood a heavy bookcase1 ) glass doors1 solid & ( d>k mahogany1 b made 9 ! int]m$iate p]iod t came betwe5 ,*ipp5dale & ! mod]n s*ool ( ma*9e-turn$ rubbi%4 ,9 ! duskie/ corn] ( ! room !re 0 a secretaire ( bett] workman%ip1 & two small tables & ?ree gaunt *airs made up ! furni%+4 ,! ,h]mit w\ld sometimes pace up & d[n 9 ! void c5tre ( ! room z he talk$1 & if ,i *anc$ to be sitt+ by ! w9d[1 8 %ape w\ld almo/ disappe> z he ne>$ ! secretaire on 8 m>*1 & ,i he>d ! voice1 & us$ to wond] = a mom5t :e!r ! man _h n vani%$ = ev]1 hav+ be5 resolv$ into ! %ad[s ab\t him4 ,i h sp5t _m ev5+s 9 t old m\ld]+ room1 :]e1 :5 we 7 sil5t = an in/ant1 ! inanimate matt] ab\t u f\nd a voice1 & ! decay+ beams murmur$ toge!r1 & a vague s\nd might come f ! cell>s und]nea?4 ,& x always seem$ to me z if ! crypt-l od\r ( ! cell> rose also into ! room1 m+l+ ) a fa9t sugge/ion ( inc5se1 ?\gh ,i am sure t my fri5d nev] burn$ x4 ,"h !n1 ) su* surr\nd+s z ,i h indicat$1 we held our sessions & talk$ freely & ) enjoym5t ( _m curi\s ?+s1 :i*1 z ! ,h]mit w\ld say1 _h ! huge m]it ( int]e/+ no "o b ourselves4 ,he w\ld sometimes1 :imsically1 comp>e himself to ,col]idge1 & ,i ?9k t he (t5 delib]ately talk$ 9 ,s4 ,t4 ,c4's mann] ) delight 9 ! joke4 ,=1 ,i ne$ h>dly say t ! comp>ison 0 n 9 any way a s]i\s "o2 he _h a v5]ation = ,col]idge's a*ievem5t1 ) a /ill great] v5]ation = t :i* ,col]idge might h a*iev$1 :i* w\ld h caus$ him to reg>d any su* comp>ison1 s]i\sly ent]ta9$1 z unspeakably ludicr\s4 ,/ill1 he lik$ to reg>d himself z a v humble disciple 9 ,col]idge's s*ool1 he 0 fond1 z ,i h said1 ( imitat+ 8 ma/]'s mann] z well z he c\ld1 & ,i ?9k t he *]i%$1 9 ! fa%ion ( ,s4 ,t4 ,c41 ! notion t he _h a sy/em1 an esot]ic philosophy ( ?+s2 he s\ght = a key t w\ld op51 & a lamp t w\ld enlight5 all ! d>k treasure-h\ses ( ! ,univ]se1 & sometimes he believ$ t he held bo? ! ,key & ! ,lamp 9 8 h&s4 ,x is a confession ( my/icism1 b ,i incl9e to ?9k t he 0 "r 9 ?is belief4 ,i recall ! pres5ce ( t holl[1 e*o+ room1 ! atmosph]e ) its subtle sugge/ion ( inc5se sweet5+ ! dank od\rs ( ! cell>1 & ! tone ( ! voice speak+ to me1 & ,i believe t once or twice we bo? saw visions1 & "s glimpse at lea/ ( c]ta9 et]nal1 ineffable ,%apes4 ,b ^! matt]s1 ! m esot]ic doctr9es ( ! sy/em h ent]$ h>dly or n at all into ! v imp]fect & fragm5t>y notes t ,i h made ( 8 conv]sations on lit]ature4 ,i %\ld sc>cely be ju/ifi$ 9 call+ him a lit]>y monomaniac4 ,b x is true t ,art 9 g5]al1 & ! art ( lit]ature 9 p>ticul> _h = him a v high significance & int]e/2 & he 0 always ready to def5d ! !sis t1 all ! arts be+ glori\s1 ! lit]>y art 0 ! mo/ glori\s & wond]ful ( all4 ,he rev]5c$ music1 b he 0 firm 9 ma9ta9+ t 9 p]fect lyrical poetry !re is ! subtle/ & mo/ beautiful melody 9 ! _w4 ,i c sc>cely say :e!r he wrote mu* himself4 ,he w\ld speak ( /ories on :i* he 0 engag$1 b ,i h nev] se5 8 "n on publi%]s' li/s1 & ,i d n ?9k t he _h adopt$ a pseudonym4 ,"o ev5+1 ,i rememb]1 ,i came 9 a little be=e my accu/om$ "t1 & 9 ! %ad[y corn] ( ! room1 a draw] 9 ! secretaire 0 op51 & ,i ?\ght t x look$ full ( neat manuscripts4 ,b ,i nev] spoke to him ab\t 8 lit]>y "w2 & ,i notic$ t he did n mu* c>e to talk ( lit]ature f ! comm]cial /&po9t4 ,x is p]haps ne$less to say t ,i consult$ my fri5d be=e publi%+ ^! notes ( 8 conv]sations4 ,i _h be5 =c$ to leave ,london = "s mon?s1 & ,i wrote to him f ! c\ntry1 reque/+ 8 p]mission to give to ! _w 7if ! _w w\ld h !m7 ^? judgm5ts on books :i* ,i _h li/5$ to 9 ,b>nsbury4 ,8 reply all[$ me to take my own way1 ) all my he>t1 s long z y make me suffici5tly apocryphal4 ,i am n go+ to compete ) 'real' critics ^: names are pr9t$ 9 ! pap]s2 b if y c ma9ta9 ! incognito & all[ y\r read]s 7suppos+ _! exi/5ce7 to believe t ,i am a m]e figm5t ( y\r bra91 y c pr9t my obit] dicta ') ease ( body & re/ ( re9s4' ,"h is a sugge/ion = a title3 :at d y say to ',boswell 9 ,b>nsbury'8 ,b ,i really _h no notion t y 7 tak+ notes all ! "t4 ,rememb]3 keep ! secret1 & ! secrets4 ,i reg>d$ ?is z a v lib]al lic5se1 & ,i h tri$ to set 9 ! be/ ord] ,i c\ld compass ! sy/em s f> z x relates to lett]s4 ,i d n pret5d t ,i am a v]batim report]1 = ,i _h to tru/ to my memory1 & ?\gh ,i tri$ to arrange my notes at ! "t1 ,i fe> ,i h fall5 "h & !re into confusion4 ,/ill1 ,i ?9k t ! six *apt]s :i* foll[ w seem fairly consecutive 9 _! argum5t & arrangem5t1 & ! ,app5dix--a confession ( failure--is1 9 reality1 ! result ( ! cyclical mode ( disc\rs+1 9 :i* ! ,h]mit jocul>ly pr(ess$ to foll[ ,col]idge4 ,p]haps inde$ ,col]idge 0 deceiv$1 & my de> fri5d ) him1 9 ! hope ( real ess5tial k2 b ev5 s1 ^! fragm5ts :i* ,i propose are evid5ce t ! latt] e>ne/ly desir$ ! tru? & s\ght x4 ,a4 ,m4 ,,hi]oglyphics ,i ,d y "k t j be=e y came 9 ,i f\nd some?+ highly significant 9 ! ev5+ pap]8 ,i am afraid f y\r expression t y r und]value ! influ5ce ( ! press2 inde$1 ,i rememb] "o day :5 we 7 out toge!r y swore at an in(f5sive boy :o tri$ to allure u ) news ( all ! w9n]s4 ,i ?9k ,i po9t$ out at ! "t t ev5 horse-rac+ & an int]e/ 9 ev5ts are pref]able to /agnation1 & t !re is some?+ augu/ 9 ! univ]sal human passion = gambl+4 ,&1 aft] all1 ! (fice-boy :o puts on half-a-cr[n is really only an example ( ! love ( man = ! unkn[n2 ! half-cr[n is a v5ture into my/]y1 ) t due flav\r ( comm]cialism :i* we 9 ,engl& add to mo/ ( our int]e/s4 ,b y see1 don't y8 t gambl+1 ev5 "u its mo/ sordid aspects1 is n altoge!r sordid2 x's ! my/]y1 ! unc]ta9ty1 ! h\rs ( /range surmise t ! smalle/ bet gives to ! bettor t make ! real delight ( bett+4 ,:5 ! (fice-boy w9s & gets t5 %ill+s = ! risk ( 8 two-&-six1 8 delight is n by any means pure love ( ga91 x is di/+ui%$ by a v m>k$ l9e f ! con/antly repeat$ joys ( ! groc]1 :o is always buy+ delici\s tea at n9ep5ce & sell+ x at "o-&-six4 ,"h y h comm]cialism 9 its simple/ =m2 b our (fice-boy1 ?\gh he likes ! money well en\gh1 /&s on a mu* high] plane4 ,= ! mom5t he is ! man :o has succe$$ 9 solv+ ! enigma ( ! ,sph9x1 9 discov]+ ! unkn[n cont95t1 9 read+ ! cyph]1 9 guess+ at ! song ! ,sir5s sang1 9 unveil+ ! hidd5 treasure t ! buccane]s buri$ on ! lonely %ore2 he has v5tur$ successfully into ! dim region ( surmises4 ,& :5 he loses1 !re are always consolations2 ! ,indies h n be5 discov]$ on ?is voyage1 c]ta9ly1 b !re h be5 wond]s on ! way1 he has enjoy$ _m h\rs ( delici\s expectation4 ,! pro( t he likes ! sport1 ev5 :5 he loses1 is t he inv>iably takes ! fir/ opportunity ( v5tur+ aga9 9 ! same mann]4 ,&1 by ! way1 p]haps ,i 0 a little sev]e j n[ on trade1 & especially on ! groc]'s sug>y & soapy ent]prise4 ,p]haps if we 7 to look ) a r f9] vision into ! comm]cial _s1 we might f9d t x is n :olly comm]cial1 n altoge!r sordid4 ,( c\rse if ! groc] op5s 8 %op ) a c]ta9ty1 ma!matical or almo/ ma!matical1 t ! public w buy 8 w>es1 he is a wick$ fell[2 he is gambl+ ) load$ dice1 bett+ aga9/ a horse t he kn[s is to be made all "r1 play+ c>ds ) hon\rs up 8 sleeve1 & ,i am sure t if ?is be 8 ent]prise1 x w always meet ) our /]ne/ disapproval4 ,casanova di$ t[>ds ! close ( ! la/ c5tury1 & s9ce !n c>d%>p+ has become impossible to a man ( ta/e4 ,b s]i\sly1 ,i suspect t a good deal ( ! allurem5t t trade possesses = s _m ( u is ! risk :i* x almo/ always implies1 & risk means unc]ta9ty1 & unc]ta9ty connotes ! unkn[n4 ,s y see our despis$ groc] turns out1 aft] all1 to be ( ! k9 ( ,columbus1 ( ! treasure-seek]s1 & my/]y-mong]s1 & delv]s aft] hidd5 ?+s spiritual & mat]ial4 ,i suppose we h "h ! real explanation ( ! human trad+ passion1 & ! solution ( a problem t has (t5 puzzl$ me4 ,! problem ,i mean is ?is3 h[ does x happ5 t ! ,engli% are bo? ! greate/ poets & ! greate/ tradesm5 ( ! mod]n _w8 ,sup]ficially1 x seems t keep+ %ops & mak+ poetry are incompatibles1 & ,wordswor? & ,col]idge1 ,keats & ,%elley1 ,t5nyson & ,poe1 %\ld h come f ,prov5ce or ,sicily1 f ! unpractical1 uncomm]cial ,lat9 races4 ,b if we trace back ! trad+ in/9ct to t love ( a risk--or 9 o!r words to ! desire = ! unkn[n--! ant9omy disappe>s1 & x w become p]fectly natural t ! race :i* has gone to ! _w's end ) its m]*&ise1 has p5etrat$ s glori\sly into ! fur!r regions ( poetry4 ,b t rem9ds me ( :at ,i 0 say+ j aft] y _h lit y\r pipe4 ,i ?9k ,i rem>k$ t ,i _h se5 some?+ ( v high significance 9 ! ev5+ pap]1 & ! gl>e ( disgu/ ) :i* y greet$ my obs]vation con/itut$ an int]ruption1 & an int]ruption t _h to be dealt )4 ,n[ aga9 y seem to h9t at d\bt ) y\r eyebr[s2 y w\ld say1 p]haps1 t ,i h n made out a v conv9c+ case = j\rnalism8 ,b y mu/ rememb] t my m5tal process resembles t ( ,col]idge2 y call$ on ! ,se] at elev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+1 & 7if "y & imprud5t7 ask$ him a "q4 ,& at ! wan+ ( ! light ,col]idge 0 /ill dilig5tly engag$ 9 answ]+ y\r "q = y1 hav+ talk$ )\t int]mission all ! summ] day4 ,a cyclical mode ( disc\rs+ ! pi\s ,h5ry ,nelson ,col]idge call$ x1 & he deals fai?fully ) c]ta9 p]sons :o compla9$ t !y c\ld get no answ] to a "q f ,col]idge4 ,& y w please to rememb] ?is :5 y ?9k t ,i am w&]+--a vice ( :i* ,col]idge also 0 accus$4 ,to-night1 = example1 on ! ev5+ pap] be+ m5tion$1 y\r face express$ disgu/ & contempt1 :i* ,i diagnos$ 7& rightly1 ,i believe87 z a tribute to ! enorm\s int]e/ tak5 by ! editors ( ^! agreeable j\rnals 9 ! v late/ sport+ news2 an int]e/ :i* all[s b little space = ! discussion ( pure lit]ature4 ,h5ce my rem>ks on ! gambl+-_s2 & n[ ,i hope y w at lea/ assume a ?rill ( int]e/ :5 ! boy bawls 9 y\r e> ,all ! w9n]s & ,s4 ,p4 ,x is possible y may be ?9k+ ( ,ulysses or ( ,keats at ! mom5t1 & ! int]ruption may annoy y1 b x w d s no long] :5 y reflect t a burn+ anxiety z to ! runn+ ( ,bolt] is = _m ?\s&s ! symbol--& ! only possible symbol--( ! ,doom ( ,troy & ! w&]+ fields ( foam1 & ! ,isle ( ,calypso1 & ! /range surmise ( ,piz>ro & all 8 m54 ,b "h is ! ev5+-pap] 9 "q4 ,yes1 ! col\r is1 p]haps1 a little sickly4 ,a k9d ( p9ky-gre51 x seems1 doesn't x8 ,b x =c$ itself on my notice 9 ! mo/ extraord9>y mann]1 & ,i expect y w h to admit1 :5 y h he>d ! /ory1 t "s ,p[]s 7 at "w4 ,well1 ,i 0 walk+ up & d[n ! room1 j z x 0 gett+ dusk1 & e n[ & !n ,i /opp$ & look$ out ( ! w9d[4 ,yes1 ,i 0 mak+ phrases z usual1 & ?9k+ ( a new /ory 9 ! middle ( ! old "o3 h5ce ! qu>t]-deck ex]cise4 ,i d>esay y h rem>k$ t ,i d n keep my w9d[ 9 a v brilliant condition1 & ! air ?is ev5+1 y w rememb]1 0 r mi/y--,octob]1 ,i always ?9k1 we>s a peculi> dim grace 9 ,b>nsbury--s ,i hope y w n f9d my impressions too incr$ible4 ,i 0 />+1 !n1 out ( ! w9d[1 :5 to my va/ a/oni%m5t1 a great pale bird seem$ sudd5ly to %oot up into ! air f ! road1 & to flutt] into ! g>d51 :]e x became entangl$ 9 t sapless old laburnum t weeps gre5 te>s ^u ! wall4 ,i saw1 z ,i ?\ght1 ! beat+ & flutt]+ ( w+s1 & ,i ran out1 imag9+ t ,i 0 to secure a /range companion = my solitude4 ,x 0 ! ev5+ pap]1 n a bird1 & ,i saw at once t x w\ld be impi\s to let x flutt] !re unread1 s ,i secur$ x & br\ght x 91 m$itat+ ! adv5ture1 & wond]+ :at /range message 0 ?us borne to my eyes4 ,s ,i w5t ?r\gh its columns pati5tly1 ev5 to ! lead]ettes1 & ,i w d myself ! ju/ice to say t ,i at once recognis$ ! communication t 0 address$ to me 9 ?is s+ul> & ev5 ,i may say ,arabian fa%ion4 ,x 0 a %ort comm5t ^u "s agitation t is n[ appeal+ r /rongly to ,progressive lead]s2 b ! subject-matt] is ( no consequ5ce1 s9ce ! significance lies 9 ! la/ s5t5ce4 ,"h x is3 ,we are glad to he> t ext5sive arrangem5ts h be5 made = ! dissem9ation ( lit]ature4 ,y don't see ! imm5se importance ( t8 ,y surprise me4 ,let u g into x1 !n4 ,i told y ,i 0 n v precise z to ! exact scope ( ! agitation allud$ to--x may be a "q ( a heavy tax on p]sons :o w say lady in/ead ( lydy1 x may be an affair ( re/rict+ ! fran*ise to citiz5s ?or\ghly ignorant ( hi/ory2 x doesn't matt]--b "h are m5 :o wi% "s political *ange to be effect$1 & ^! m5 are issu+ pr9t$ matt]1 ! purpose ( :i* is to conv9ce o!rs ( ! righte\sness ( ?is p>ticul> program4 ,& ?is pr9t$ matt] is call$ lit]ature4 ,y "k ! sort ( ?+ indicat$4 ,x may be a s]ies ( argum5ts1 simple & fallaci\s1 x may be 9 dialogue1 x may be 9 /ory =m1 x may assume ! guise ( p>ody1 x may be a brief hi/ory4 ,& n[ :at ,i want to "k is ?is3 "h we h a va/ body ( ?\ght1 clo!d 9 words1 rang+ f ! agreeable leaflets t we h be5 speak+ ( up to--let u say--! ,odyssey1 & all ?is mass is kn[n z lit]ature3 :at is to be our crit]ion1 our means ( di/+ui%+ betwe5 ! two extremes ,i h m5tion$ & all ! innum]able l9ks betwe5 !m8 ,is ! :ole mass lit]ature 9 ! true s5se ( ! ^w8 ,if n1 ) :at in/rum5t1 by :at rule are we to divide ! true f ! false1 to judge exactly 9 ! case ( any p>ticul> book :e!r x is lit]ature or n8 ,( c\rse y may say t ! "q is r v]bal ?an real2 t lit]ature is a g5]al t]m conv5i5tly appli$ to any?+ 9 pr9t1 & t 9 practice ev]ybody kn[s ! diff]5ce betwe5 a political pamphlet & ! ,odyssey4 ,i v mu* d\bt :e!r p d und]/& precisely ! di/9ction betwe5 ! two1 b = ! avoidance ( v]bal confusion ,i sugge/ t :5 we mean lit]ature 9 its highe/ s5se we %all say 7= ! pres5t at all ev5ts71 f9e lit]ature2 & ! "q w be1 !n3 :at is x t diff]5tiates f9e lit]ature f a numb] ( grammatical1 or p>tly grammatical1 s5t5ces arrang$ 9 a m or less logical ord]8 ,:y is ! ,odyssey to come 91 :y is ! lit]ature ( our ev5+ pap] to be kept out8 ,& aga91 to put ! "q 9 a m subtle =m3 to :i* class d ! works ( ,jane ,au/5 belong8 ,is ,pride & ,prejudice to /& on ! ,odyssey %elf1 or to lie 9 ! pamphlet draw]8 ,:]e is ,pope's place8 ,is he to be set 9 ! class ( ,keats8 ,if n1 = :at reason8 ,:at is ! rank ( ,dick5s1 ( ,?ack]ay1 ( ,george ,eliot1 ( ,haw?orne2 & 9 a ^w1 h[ are we to sort out1 z x 71 ?is huge multitude ( names1 giv+ to ea* "o 8 prop] rank & /ation8 ,i am glad x /rikes y z a big "q3 to me x seems ! "q1 ! "q :i* cov]s ! f9al dogma ( lit]>y criticism4 ,( c\rse aft] we h answ]$ ?is pr]ogative riddle1 !re w be o!r que/ions1 almo/ )\t end1 classes1 & sub-classes ( inf9ite analysis4 ,b ?is w be detail2 :ile ! "q ,i h prop\nd$ is ! "q ( fir/ pr9ciples2 x m>ks ! p>t+ ( two ways1 & 9 a mann]1 x asks itself n only ( lit]ature1 b ( life1 b ( philosophy1 b ( religion4 ,:at is ! l9e1 !n2 ! m>k ( division :i* is to sep>ate spok51 or writt51 or pr9t$ ?\ght into two great g5]a8 ,well1 z y may h guess$1 ,i h my solution1 & ,i l x none ! less1 because ! ^w ( ! enigma seems to me actually b a s+le ^w4 ,yes1 = me ! answ] comes ) ! "o ^w1 ,ec/asy4 ,if ec/asy be pres5t1 !n ,i say !re is f9e lit]ature1 if x be abs5t1 !n1 9 spite ( all ! clev]ness1 all ! tal5ts1 all ! workman%ip & obs]vation & dext]ity y may %[ me1 !n1 ,i ?9k1 we h a product 7possibly a v int]e/+ "o71 :i* is n f9e lit]ature4 ,( c\rse y w all[ me to contradict myself1 or r1 to amplify myself be=e we beg9 to discuss ! matt] fully4 ,i said my answ] 0 ! ^w1 ec/asy2 ,i /ill say s1 b ,i may rem>k t ,i h *os5 ?is ^w z ! repres5tative ( _m4 ,sub/itute1 if y l1 rapture1 beauty1 adoration1 wond]1 awe1 my/]y1 s5se ( ! unkn[n1 desire = ! unkn[n4 ,all & ea* w convey :at ,i mean2 = "s p>ticul> case "o t]m may be m appropriate ?an ano!r1 b 9 e case !re w be t )drawal f ! common life & ! common consci\sness :i* ju/ifies my *oice ( ec/asy z ! be/ symbol ( my mean+4 ,i claim1 !n1 t "h we h ! t\*/one :i* w infallibly sep>ate ! high] f ! l[] 9 lit]ature1 :i* w range ! innum]able multitude ( books 9 two great divisions1 :i* c be appli$ ) equal ju/ice to a ,greek drama1 an eighte5? c5tury noveli/1 & a mod]n poet1 to an epic 9 twelve books1 & to a lyric 9 twelve l9es4 ,i w conv9ce y ( my belief 9 my own no/rum by a bold exp]im5t3 "h is ,pickwick & "h is ,vanity ,fair2 ! "o reg>d$ z a popul> comic book1 ! o!r z a s]i\s ma/]piece1 %[+ va/ insight into human "*2 & apply+ my te/1 ,i set ,pickwick beside ! ,odyssey1 & ,vanity ,fair on top ( ! political pamphlet4 ,i w n argue ! matt] at ! mom5t2 ,i w\ld m]ely caution y aga9/ suppos+ t ,i imply any equality ( m]it 9 ! books t ,i h ?us summ>ily bracket$4 ,y mu/n't suppose t ,i ?9k ,dick5s's book z good z ,hom]'s1 or t ,i h any d\bts z to ! va/ sup]iority ( ,vanity ,fair ov] all ! pamphlets 9 ! _w4 ,"h is a temple1 "h is a tub1 we may suppose a *ild to say1 le>n+ f a picture-alphabet2 b ! temple may be a mis]ably design$ /ructure1 9 ru9\s condition1 & ! tub is1 p]haps1 a miracle ( excell5t workman%ip4 ,b "o means wor%ip & ! o!r means wa%+1 & t is ! di/9ction4 ,or1 to take a bett] example2 ! bottom boy 9 ! six? =m may be a mis]able dunce comp>$ ) ! top boy 9 ! fif?2 /ill ! dunce is 9 ! six? =m1 & ! g5ius is 9 ! fif?4 ,or1 to take a ?ird in/ance 7,i want y to und]/& :at ,i'm driv+ at71 ! fact t an ,engli% orator is flu5t1 brilliant1 pr(\nd1 conv9c+1 :ile a ,greek orator is /utt]+1 /upid1 %all[1 illogical does n h9d] t ! =m]1 ?\gh he may speak ev] s well1 /ill speaks ,engli%1 :ile ! latt]1 h[ev] badly he may speak1 speaks 9 ,greek = all t4 ,analogies1 z y "k1 are nev] p]fect1 & mu/ n be press$ too f>2 !y sugge/ r ?an prove2 b ,i hope y und]/& me ?\gh y may n agree ) me4 ,b be=e we argue ! m]its ( my own lit]>y solv5t1 we might v well see :at we c d ) o!r te/s4 ,i d>esay y c sugge/ a good _m4 ,we won't g into ! "q ( pr9t$ & n pr9t$1 writt5 or n writt51 because x is obvi\s t ! visible symbols by :i* lit]ature is record$ h no?+ to d ) lit]ature itself4 ,9 ! beg9n+ all lit]ature 0 a matt] ( improvisation or recitation & memory1 & hi]oglyphics1 writ+1 pr9t+ are m]e conv5i5ces4 ,inde$ ! po9t is only wor? m5tion+ because !re are1 ,i believe1 simple s\ls :o ?9k t ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ has "s sort ( my/]i\s connection ) ! bir? ( lit]ature1 & t ! abolition ( ! pap] duty 0 its com+ ( age4 ,b ,i don't ?9k we ne$ tr\ble ourselves mu* ab\t a view ( lit]>y art :i* reg>ds ! *eap press z its fa!r & ! s*ool bo>d z its nurs+ "m4 ,_m p ?9k1 on ! o!r h&1 t lit]ature is to be e/imat$ by its effect on ! emotions1 by ! %ock :i* x gives to ! sy/em4 ,y may say t a book :i* int]e/s y s int5sely t y _c put x d[n1 t affects y s acutely t y weep1 t amuses y s imm5sely t y ro> ) laught] mu/ be v good4 ,i don't object to v good1 b f my po9t ( view1 v good & f9e lit]ature are two diff]5t ?+s4 ,y see ,i believe t ! diff]5ce betwe5 int]e/+1 excit+1 te>-compell+1 laught]-mov+ read+ matt] & f9e art is n specific b g5]ic3 :o w\ld blaspheme aga9/ good bitt] be]1 :o w\ld say t because x is good1 x is !re=e ,burgundy8 ,i am n q sure t ,i am n muddl+ up two ?+s :i* are 9 reality di/9ct4 ,i mean ,i am 9 d\bt :e!r ! faculty ( mak+ ! read] cry ought n to be di/+ui%$ f ! faculty ( int]e/+ him int5sely4 ,on ! :ole ,i ?9k t x w\ld be well to draw a l9e betwe5 ! two1 especially z int]e/+ is some:at ambigu\s4 ,& y ?9k x a p>adox1 !n1 to ma9ta9 t ! p[] ( excit+ ! emotions to a high degree is n a m>k ( f9e lit]ature8 ,b j ?9k x ov]4 ,suppose t a few y>ds f ?is room--9 ! next h\se1 9 ! next /reet--a woman is wait+ = ! return ( h] husb& & son4 ,a r+ comes at ! bell1 !re's a r$di%-br[n envelope1 & inside x ! message3 ,railway accid5t fa!r kill$4 ,well1 y c imag9e ! effect t ^! f\r words w h on ! woman's emotions2 %e w ei!r fa9t away1 or bur/ into an agony ( te>s2 %e may ev5 die ( ! %ock1 & y c't h a m /rik+ emotional result ?an dea?1 c y8 ,v well2 b is ! telegram f9e art8 ,is x art8 ,is x ev5 artifice8 ,x isn't art because x is true6 ,b if ,i inv5t$ su* a telegram & s5t x to a woman ^: husb& & son 7 away1 w\ld x !reby become art8 ,y mu/ see p]fectly well t x w\ld be no?+ ( ! k9d2 & ,i mu/ ask y to expla9 h[ a book :i* is1 virtually1 a long succession ( su* telegrams c rise high] ?an its orig9 & s\rce8 ,y mu/ see1 ,i ?9k1 t ! "q ( tru? & falsity c make no real diff]5ce to our 7no d\bt pomp\s7 high /hetic /&po9t2 & if y admit t f\r words :i* produce an emotional result are n necess>ily art1 !n x foll[s t f\r hundr$ or f\r hundr$ ?\s& words wov5 toge!r on ! same pr9ciple are 9 no bett] position4 ,an increas$ quantity means no d\bt an increas$ artifice1 b artifice & art are v diff]5t ?+s4 ,we may agree !n t x is impossible to measure ! arti/ic m]it ( a book by ! emotional %ock t x may give to its read]s4 ,i h nev] read ! ,sorr[s ( ,w]!r2 b if y h read x & x has made y sorr[ful y are h]eby w>n$ aga9/ d$uc+ f ?is effect any conclusion z to its /hetic value4 ,i confess all ?is seems ,a ,b ,c to me1 ?\gh ,i see y are /ill incl9$ to ?9k me a little p>adoxical--n to say sophi/ical--b x gr[s m difficult :5 "o gets to ! "q ( ! int]e/+ or absorb+ book4 ,z ,i said int]e/+ seems su* an ambigu\s ^w4 ,x may /& = t /hetic emotion produc$1 say1 by ! dipus2 x may d5ote ! wide-ey$ att5tion ( ! but*]'s wife li/5+ to ! /ory ( my l&lady z to ! love-affairs ( ! groc]'s daught]--& !re are _m books :i* are1 virtually1 ,tales ( ,my ,l&lady pr9t$ & b\nd4 ,we mu/ really !n omit int]e/+ 9 our acc\nt ( ! possible crit]ia ( f9e art2 ! ^w z x 7 cancels itself out1 because x may mean on ! "o h& ! possession ( ! highe/ arti/ic value1 or on ! o!r x may s]ve z epi!t = a book :i* gratifies ! l[e/ curiosity4 ,y "k !re are books :i* ! ,fr5* h k9dly nam$ romans clef2 & ,i suppose !re is no m mis]able =m ( book-mak+4 ,! receipt is easy en\gh4 ,! groc]'s daught]1 to ^: am\rs ,i allud$ j n[1 is really nam$ ,miss ,bugg9s1 & ! g5tleman is ,mr ,tibb4 ,well1 suppose t my l&lady1 relat+ _! lyric to ! but*]'s wife1 %\ld1 ) a kn[+ w9k1 pr(ess to tell ! /ory ( ,miss ,rugg9s & ,mr ,ribb--%e w\ld simply be compos+ a roman clef )\t kn[+ x4 ,y might say t x is h>dly wor? :ile to lab\r ! po9t1 t su* int]e/ z ?is is :olly & lam5tably in>ti/ic--t x is ! v contr>y to all true art--b x is n long s9ce a p]son ( "s lit]>y note1 9 criticis+ ! ,heptam]on1 /at$ t its *ief value lay 9 ! fact t "o c\ld id5tify ! p]sons :o tell ! /ories & ^? also ( :om !y 7 told6 ,b !re is ano!r int]e/ ( a mu* high] k9d1 & t is ! s5sational4 ,we h done "s excell5t books ( ?is sort 9 ,engl&1 & p]haps y w und]/& ! class ,i mean :5 ,i say t a novel ( ?is description is h>d to lay d[n1 & h>d] /ill to take up aga9 :5 y h once f\nd out ! secret4 ,?is is n high art2 y are always at lib]ty to put d[n ,lycidas1 b !n y are compell$ to take x up aga9 & aga91 & ! secret ( ,lycidas is always a secret1 & "o nev] fails to exp]i5ce ! joy ( an arti/ic surprise4 ,/ill ! books ,i mean sometimes %[ v high artifice1 & 9 itself1 p]haps1 ! quality t ,i am talk+ ab\t1 ! p[] ( excit+ a vivid curiosity1 an e>ne/ desire to "k :at is to come next is n1 l ! vulg> roman clef curiosity1 9 actual disaccord f ! purpose ( art4 ,inde$ ,i imag9e t ?is trick ( /imulat+ ! curiosity may be made subs]vi5t to purely /hetic ends1 x may become a h&maid to lead "o t[>ds t desire ( ! unkn[n :i* ,i ?9k 0 "o ( ! synonyms ,i gave y = ! ma/] ^w--,ec/asy4 ,/ill1 ?\gh ! trick is a good "o1 x w n1 by itself1 make f9e art4 ,y may discov] s mu* by read+ ! ,moon/one1 t monum5t ( +5uity & absurdity4 ,on ! face ( x all detective /ories come "u ?is head+3 =mally1 no d\bt1 !y mu/ all be reckon$ z tricks1 & !y may v>y f ! inf9itely +5i\s to ! inf9itely imbecile1 & s f> z ,i rememb]1 ! fam\s ,fr5* tales ( detection v]ge t[>ds ! l[] r ?an ! high] gr\nd4 ,b ,i am incl9$1 n v logically1 p]haps1 to make an exception 9 fav\r ( ,poe's ,dup91 & to place him almo/ 9 ! sph]e ( pure lit]ature4 ,logically1 he is a detective1 b ,i almo/ ?9k t 9 8 case ! detective is a symbol ( ! my/agogue4 ,z ,i say1 ,i %\ld be press$ h>d if ,i 7 ask$ to make out my case 9 t]ms & syllogisms1 b if y require me to d s1 ,i w\ld say fir/ ( all t ! atmosph]e ( ,dup9--& y mu/ rememb] t 9 lit]ature ev]y?+ c\nts2 x is n alone ! plot1 or ! /yle t we h to consid]--has to me h9ts ( t pres5ce :i* ,i h call$ ec/asy4 ,li/5 to ?is3 ,x 0 a freak ( fancy 9 my fri5d 7= :at else %all ,i call x87 to be enam\r$ ( ! ,night = h] own sake2 & into ?is biz>r]ie1 z into all 8 o!rs1 ,i quietly fell2 giv+ myself up to 8 wild :ims ) a p]fect ab&on4 ,! sable div9ity w\ld n h]self dwell ) u always2 b we c\ld c\nt]feit h] pres5ce4 ,at ! fir/ dawn ( ! morn+ we clos$ all ! massive %utt]s ( our old build+2 light+ a c\ple ( tap]s :i*1 /rongly p]fum$1 ?rew out only ! gha/lie/ & feeble/ ( rays4 ,by ! aid ( ^! we !n buri$ our s\ls 9 dreams--read+1 writ+1 or conv]s+1 until w>n$ by ! clock ( ! adv5t ( ! true ,d>kness4 ,!n we salli$ =? into ! /reets1 arm 9 arm1 cont9u+ ! topics ( ! day1 or roam+ f> & wide until a late h\r1 seek+ amid ! wild lights & %ad[s ( ! popul\s city1 t inf9ity ( m5tal excitem5t :i* quiet obs]vation c af=d4 ,& aga92 9 ! /ories !mselves1 9 ! conduct ( ,m4 ,dup9's detective processes1 ,i f9d a fa9t sugge/ion ( ! "u-consci\sness or o!r consci\sness ( man1 a m]e h9t1 n1 ,i ?9k1 express$ 9 s _m words1 r lat5t ?an pat5t1 t if y w\ld ?or\ghly und]/& ! rational man y mu/ h s\nd$ ! irrational man1 ! my/]i\s companion t walks beside ea* "o ( u on ! e>?ly j\rney4 ,( c\rse ! artifice 9 ! ,dup9 /ories is ( ! v highe/ k9d1 b = ! reasons ,i h giv5 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t !re is m ?an artifice1 & ! %ad[1 at all ev5ts1 ( art itself4 ,b ?is exceptional case ( ,poe's detective tales only leads u back to ! ma9 proposition--t ! p[] ( excit+ a v high s5sational int]e/ does n1 9 itself1 m>k out a book z be+ f9e lit]ature4 ,i ?9k ,i prov$ ! proposition by my in/ance ( ! ,moon/one1 b if t does n conv9ce y1 we might demon/rate ?is !orem 9 ! same way z we demon/rat$ ! o!r "o ab\t ! lit]ature t produces its effect on ! emotions4 ,we h only to s5d out a s]ies ( telegrams1 or we may ev5 glance at ! newspap]1 & foll[ a case 9 ! ,c5tral ,crim9al ,c\rt4 ,or we may affirm1 m g5]ally1 t life (t5 (f]s _m highly absorb+ & highly int]e/+ spectacles1 b t life is n art1 & !re=e1 t lit]ature :i* fails to rise above ! level ( life1 or r1 to p5etrate b5ea? ! surface ( life1 is n f9e lit]ature 9 our s5se ( t t]m4 ,a gold nugget may be z pure & f9e z y l1 b x is n a sov]eign2 x lacks ! /amp2 & x is ! bus9ess ( art to give its /amp & impr9t to ! matt] ( life4 ,i really ?9k !n t we h dispos$ ( p]haps ! mo/ g5]ally receiv$ ( arti/ic fallacies--t books are to be judg$ by _! p[] ( reproduc+ 9 ! read] ^? feel+s ( grief1 int]e/1 curiosity1 & s =? :i* he exp]i5ces or may exp]i5ce 9 8 ev]yday life1 :i* he really does exp]i5ce 9 great] or less degree e "t he talks to a fri5d1 takes up a newspap]1 or receives a telegram4 ,x comes to ?is aga9 & aga91 doesn't x1 t ,art & ,life are two diff]5t sph]es1 & t ! ,arti/ ) a capital ,a is n a clev] photograph] :o und]/&s selection 9 a great] or less degree4 ,b be=e we g on ) our "w & see :at c be done ) o!r lit]>y solv5ts ,i want to make a digression4 ,i %\ld h made x be=e1 if y _h pull$ me up at ! prop] cue1 & t 0 :5 ,i spoke ( int]e/ z a highly ambigu\s t]m1 ! fruitful p>5t ( undi/ribut$ middles4 ,y see h[ ! unscrupul\s sophi/ w\ld b5d ?is ^w to 8 d>k "w1 don't y8 ,x w\ld be1 ,i suppose1 some?+ l ?is3 ,a v high degree ( int]e/ ( ! arti/ic k9d is ! m>k ( f9e lit]ature4 ,b1 ! ,moon/one excites a v high degree ( int]e/ ( ! s5sational k9d4 ,!re=e1 ! ,moon/one has ! m>k ( f9e lit]ature4 ,y note ! palt]+ ) ! ^w1 its use n[ 9 "o s5se1 & n[ 9 ano!r2 & if t sort ( ?+ 7 all[$ we %\ld h ,wilkie ,coll9s plac$ among ! ,immortals be=e we knew :]e we 74 ,b hasn't x occurr$ to y t ne>ly all ! t]ms we are us+ are pati5t ( ! same vile uses8 ,y rememb] t we began ) lit]ature itself1 z a mon/r\s example ( ambiguity1 %elt]+ z x did bo? ! publications ( ! ,anti-,ev]y?+ ,society & ! ,song ( ,ulysses' ,w&]+2 ev5 n[ we are try+ to track ! mon/] to 8 d5 9 spite ( 8 manifold turn+s & disguises4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 = ! sake ( cle>ness1 we agre$ to prefix ! epi!t f9e to ! ^w :5 we meant ! ,odyssey class1 ?\gh if we say f9e s (t5 ,i am afraid we run ! risk ( be+ ?\ght sup]f9e4 ,h[ev] "o mu/ run all risks 9 ! cause ( mak+ oneself und]/ood2 & s ,i say y ought to h pull$ me up :5 ,i talk$ ab\t art & books t appeal$ to ! emotions4 ,my art may n be ! same z y\r art1 & emotions are /ill m dang]\s 9 ! same way4 ,i ?9k ,i made "s attempt to deal ) art z ,i 0 talk+4 ,i contra/$ x ) artifice1 & my phrase ,arti/ ) a big ,a 0 ano!r h9t to y t ! ^w mu/ be h&l$ cauti\sly4 ,y "k t 9 ord9>y conv]sation we say t bees h ! art or an art ( mak+ hexagonal cells ( wax1 t wasps h an art ( mak+ a sort ( pap] = _! ne/s1 t !re is an art ( logic1 an art ( cook]y1 an art 9 mak+ a gravel pa?4 ,n[ 9 ea* ( ^! in/ances ! ^w really speaks ( ! adaptation ( means to ends4 ,9 ! case ( ! bees & wasps !re is a slightly diff]5t nuance ( mean+1 because !y make _! cells & _! pap] j z a bird builds its ne/1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( =ces :i* to u are occult1 :i* we conv5i5tly sum up "u ! ^w in/9ct4 ,9 ! arts ( cook]y & pa?mak+ !re is a consci\s employm5t ( c]ta9 means t[>ds ! secur+ ( c]ta9 ends2 & x is at lea/ possible t ! swall[1 ga!r+ its mat]ials & %ap+ !m1 has at ! mom5t no?+ b a bl9d impulse1 simil> to t ( hung]--we all "k :5 we are hungry & we all "k :at to d 9 su* a case1 b we d n all "k ! physiology ( ! /oma* & ! ga/ric juices1 & p]haps n "o ( u kn[s ! :ole secret ( inanition & nutrition4 ,we simply eat because we want to eat1 n because we wi% to supply ourselves ) a c]ta9 quantity ( peptones2 & s p]haps ! swall[ ga!rs h] ne/ & %apes x1 )\t ! consci\sness ( ! eggs & ! little birds t are to foll[4 ,b ,i ne$ n rem9d y t !re are pl5ty ( well au!nticat$ in/ances ( animals :o h consci\sly us$ means to secure ends1 & ?us art 9 its common significance is n ev5 an exclusively human faculty4 ,:51 = example1 ! bees f9d !mselves 9 dang] ( be+ left que5less1 !y adm9i/] :at has be5 call$ royal food to a common grub1 & t :i* w\ld h be5 a work] becomes a que52 & 9 ?is case ! bees are z mu* arti/s z ! cook :o puts a p>ticul> +r$i5t into a di% ) ! view ( obta9+ a p>ticul> flav\r4 ,n[1 !n1 let u apply all ?is to our matt]4 ,i d>esay y h (t5 he>d a book prais$ = its great art1 & if y h read x y w h discov]$ t its art is simply contrivance1 ! v adaptation ( means to ends t we h be5 discuss+4 ,! art ) :i* ! my/]y is c>efully kept 9 ! backgr\nd1 ! art by :i* ! two *>act]s are contra/$ ?r\gh\t ! volume1 ! highly arti/ic mann] 9 :i* ,f]n&o & ! h]o9e are br\ght toge!r on ! la/ page--^!1 y see cle>ly1 are contrivances1 artifices1 9 no way diff]+ 9 degree f ! contrivances ( ! man :o makes ! g>d5 pa?1 ( ! cook :o du/s 9 j a suspicion ( lemon-r9d1 ( ! bee :o adm9i/]s ! royal food4 ,?is art !n is a totally diff]5t ?+ f our ,art ) ! capital lett]1 ) ! epi!t f9e1 or high be=e x2 & 9 future :5 ,i mean adaptation ( means to ends1 ,i %all always say artifice2 :ile art w be reta9$ & set ap>t = high] uses4 ,& n[ z to emotion4 ,"h1 ,i ?9k1 y ought to h be5 d[n on me4 ,y might h said3 ,y decl>e t ! appeal to ! emotions is n a te/ ( f9e lit]ature4 ,b to :at !n does ,hom] appeal8 ,:at is ! dipus b an appeal to ! emotions8 ,:at is all exquisite lyric poetry b ! cry ( ! emotions1 set to music8 ,i suppose t1 z a matt] ( fact1 y und]/ood my real mean+ by ! in/ance ,i gave2 ! angui% ( a wife at ! loss ( a husb&2 y saw t :at ,i want$ to say 0 ?is3 t f9e lit]ature does n cont5t itself ) repeat+1 or mimick+1 ! emotions ( private1 p]sonal1 ev]yday life4 ,/ill1 ,i %\ld h gone into ! matt] m fully !n1 & z ,i did n d s1 we _h bett] see :at c be done n[4 ,& d y "k t ,i believe t ! be/ approa* we c make to a r subtle "q w be a some:at indirect "o8 ,j n[ ,i 0 talk+ ab\t ,poe's ,dup9 /ories1 & ,i tri$1 r vaguely1 to ju/ify my t5tative inclusion ( !m 9 ! high] class ( lett]s1 by po9t+ out t ,poe seem$ to h9t at ! o!r-consci\sness ( man1 & to sugge/1 at lea/1 ! pres5ce ( t %ad[y1 unkn[n1 or half-kn[n companion :o walks beside ea* "o ( u all our days4 ,i tri$ to realise ! image ( a man1 foll[$ or r att5d$1 by a spiritual fell[1 tread+ a pa? p>allel ) b diff]5t f 8 own2 & n[ ,i want y to c>ry out ?is image into ! sph]e ( words4 ,already y mu/ h a h9t ( x4 ,"o might draw a figure2 some?+ l ?is3 ------------------------------------- ,f9e ,lit]ature4 ,lit]ature4 ,art4 ,artifice4 ,emotion4 ,feel+s4 ------------------------------------- ,& be=e ,i g into ! special "q1 let me ext5d ! li/2 x w expla9 itself4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,romance1 romantic4 ,a ,romantic ,affair 9 ! ,we/ ,end4 ,trag$y1 tragic4 ,trag$y 9 ,soho4 ,drama1 dramatic4 ,le drame de la ,rue ,co*on3 ,dramatic ,elopem5t 9 ,peckham4 ,int]e/1 int]e/+ ,an int]e/+ numb] ( ,snippets4 ( ,hamlet4 ,lyric4 ,! ,lyric ,!atre4 ,inebriat$4 ,9 an inebriat$ condition4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,t almo/ gives my secret away1 doesn't x8 ,( c\rse y see ! place t ! words 9 ! "r-h& column take 9 ! s*eme4 ,! ,romantic ,affair 9 ! ,we/ ,end really conc]n$ ! life ( a drap]'s assi/ant1 :o robb$ 8 ma/]'s till1 9 ord] t he might make pres5ts to ,miss ,claire ,tilbury1 "o ( ! ,si/]s ,tilbury n[ p]=m+ at ! ,lucif]4 ,an unm5tionable p]son cut 8 ?roat 9 "s alley (f ,greek ,/reet2 h5ce ! ,trag$y 9 ,soho4 ,two peculi>ly squalid s]vants1 :o beat out _! ma/]'s bra9s1 "u s+ul>ly un9t]e/+ circum/ances1 act$ ! ,drama ( ! ,rue ,co*on1 & x 0 a dissolute b>maid :o elop$ dramatically f ,peckham 9 ! dog-c>t ( h] employ]4 ,! two v>y+ uses ( ! ^w lyric ne$ n be und]l9$ = y1 :o "k ! ,elizabe?ans & ! ,cavali]s2 b p]haps ,i may say t he :o ta/es calix meus inebrians w n be 9 an inebriat$ condition4 ,x w\ld be possible to ext5d ^! p>allel columns almo/ to inf9ity2 b ,i ?9k ! li/ is long en\gh = our purpose1 & ,tr5* on ,words is a well-kn[n h&book4 ,b y see my "r-h& column ^w1 p>allel ) ,emotion8 ,y see ,i h writt5 ,feel+s1 & ,i sugge/ t x w be conv5i5t to speak ( feel+s :5 we mean ! ?+s ( life1 ( society1 ( p]sonal & private relation%ip1 :ile we may res]ve emotion = ! influ5ce produc$ 9 man by f9e art4 ,?us x w be ) emotion t we witness ! fall ( dipus1 ! madness ( ,le>1 :ile we feel = our fri5ds & ourselves 9 mis=tune4 ,t seems to make x pla9 en\gh1 doesn't x2 y see n[1 cle>ly1 :at ,i mean by say+ t ! p[] ( produc+ an emotional %ock _c be a te/ ( f9e lit]ature4 ,art mu/ appeal to emotion1 & sometimes1 no d\bt1 ) a %ock2 b x mu/ always be to ! emotion ( ! left-h& column1 nev] to ! feel+s on ! "r h&4 ,s y mu/ nev] tell me t a book is f9e art because x made y1 or somebody else1 cry2 y\r te>s are1 emphatically1 n evid5ce 9 ! c\rt ( ,f9e ,lit]ature4 ,i d>esay x may h /ruck y t ! te/s we h consid]$ hi!rto h be51 9 ! ma91 popul> te/s4 ,no d\bt _m p]sons call+ !mselves critics h prais$ ! art ( a book because x has drawn te>s f eyes1 or because x has n suff]$ itself to be put d[n1 or because x conta9s easily recognisable portraits ( well-kn[n p1 b su* critics are to be spelt ) a v small initial lett]1 &1 z ,i said1 ,i don't ?9k we want to ext5d t li/ ( p>allels4 ,!re is ano!r te/ t ,i _h =gott53 ,i suppose !re really are p :o believe t a book is f9e because x w d good1 b ,i don't ?9k we'll argue ) !m1 ?\gh ,i once knew a lib]ally-educat$ man :o said a c]ta9 book 0 f9e because x t5d$ to raise "o's op9ion ( ! cl]gy4 ,s we w reckon our popul> te/s z done )1 & proce$ to ! m te*nical solv5ts t are propos$ by pr(ess$ m5 ( lett]s4 ,?ree ( ^! m lit]>y crit]ia occur to me at ! mom5t1 & ,i believe we %all und]/& !m & ! position :i* !y repres5t bett] if we take !m1 at fir/1 at all ev5ts1 9 a mass4 ,i c conceive1 !n1 t _m p]sons ^: op9ion "o w\ld respect w\ld /ate _! position 9 lit]>y criticism some:at z foll[s3--,if a book 7!y w\ld say7 %[s ke5ness ( obs]vation1 insight into "*1 ) fidelity to life z ! result ( ^! capacities2 if its art 7we %\ld say1 artifice7 9 ! design & 'lay+ out' ( ! plot1 9 ! contrivance ( incid5t is confess$ly admirable1 & f9ally if x is writt5 9 a good /yle3 !n y h f9e lit]ature4 ,f9e art1 9 %ort1 is a cle> mirror1 & ! arti/'s skill consi/s 9 arrang+ & select+ su* p>ts ( life z he ?9ks be/ = 8 purpose ( reflection4 ,well1 n[1 z to ! fir/ po9t3 fidelity to life1 cle>ness ( reflection1 ! selection be+ tak5 = grant$1 z no "o out ( an asylum w\ld ma9ta9 t a book mu/ mirror ! :ole ( life1 or ev5 ! million? "p ( "o p>ticul> man's life4 ,come1 let u apply ! te/ 9 "q to "o or two ( ! ackn[l$g$ excell5cies--to ! ,odyssey = in/ance1 to ! ,morte ,d',ar?ur1 to ,don ,quixote4 ,is ! /ory ( ,ulysses1 9 any accept$ s5se ( ! phrase fai?ful to life z we "k x8 ,is x fai?ful1 t is to say1 ) ! fidelity ( ,jane ,au/51 ( ,?ack]ay1 ( ,george ,eliot1 ( ,field+8 ,is !re any?+ 9 our exp]i5ce answ]+ to ! episodes ( ! ,lotus-,eat]s1 ,calypso's ,isle1 ! ,cyclops' ,cav]n1 ! desc5t ( ! ,goddess8 ,is ! reflection ev5 a reflection ( ,hom]'s own exp]i5ce8 ,_h he escap$ f ! cave "u ! belly ( a ram8 ,_h he be5 9 ! _w ( "o-ey$ giants8 ,7 8 fri5ds 9 ! habit ( talk+ 9 hexamet] v]se8 ,we may g on1 ( c\rse1 b is x wor? :ile8 ,x is surely h>dly necess>y to demon/rate ! fact t ! au?or ( ! ,morte ,d',ar?ur _h nev] se5 ! ,graal1 t su* a "* z ,don ,quixote nev] exi/$ 9 ! natural ord] ( ?+s4 ,we might h gone m %>ply to "w ) ?is fidelity te/3 we might h said t poetry be+1 admitt$ly f9e lit]ature at its f9e/1 & 7admitt$ly also7 be+ unfai?ful to life z we "k x bo? 9 matt] & mann]1 t !re=e ! te/ breaks d[n at once4 ,if f9e lit]ature mu/ be fai?ful to life1 !n ,kubla ,khan is n f9e lit]ature2 :i*1 ,i ?9k we may say1 is highly absurd4 ,i d>esay y ?9k ,i h dealt r crudely1 9 a some:at mat]iali/ic _s1 ) ?is crit]ion ( fidelity to life4 ,i admit ! *>ge1 b y mu/ rememb] t ,i am deal+ ) v bad p1 :o und]/& no?+ b mat]ialism4 ,& :5 ^! p tell y 9 s _m words t x is ! au?or's bus9ess cle>ly & intellig5tly to pres5t ! life--! common1 social life ar\nd him--!n1 believe me1 ! only ?+ to be done is to ?r[ ,odyssey & dipus1 ,morte ,d',ar?ur1 ,kubla ,khan & ,don ,quixote /raight 9 _! faces1 & to demon/rate t ^! et]nal books 7 n con/ruct$ on ! propos$ receipt4 ,( c\rse if ,i 7 treat+ ) ! initiat$1 if ,i 7 comm5tat+ & n argu+1 ,i %\ld h&le ! great ma/]pieces 9 a mu* m rev]5t mann]4 ,i mean t = ^? :o possess ! secret x skills n to br+ 9 ! ,cyclops 7:o = u is n a giant b a symbol72 we h only to b[ d[n be=e ! great music ( su* a poem z ! ,odyssey1 recognis+ t by ! v reason ( its transc5d5t beauty1 by ! v fact t x trespasses f> beyond ! _w ( our daily lives1 beyond selection & reflection1 x is also exalt$ above our und]/&+1 t because its beauty is supreme1 t !re=e its beauty is l>gely beyond criticism4 ,= ourselves we d n ne$ to prove its transc5d5ce ( life by ?is or t extraord9>y incid5t2 x is ! :ole _s & ess5ce & s\nd & col\r ( ! song t affect u2 & we "k t ! ,odyssey surpass$ ! b\nds ( its own age & its own l& j z mu* z x surpasses ^? ( our "t & our c\ntry4 ,y look z if y ?\ght ,i 7 fight+ ) ! vanqui%$1 b let me tell y t great p h prais$ ,hom] because he depict$ tru?fully ! m5 & mann]s ( 8 "t4 ,b z ,i 0 say+1 all ?is w\ld be too subtle = ! enemy1 = ! p :o ma9ta9 t f9e lit]ature is a fai?ful reflection ( life1 & ?9k t ,jane ,au/5 t\*$ ! po9t ( lit]>y supremacy4 ,) !m1 z ,i said1 we mu/ be r\gh2 we mu/ ask3 ,did ,sophocles describe ! ord9>y life ( ,a!ns 9 8 day8 ,no3 v well1 !n2 s9ce ! works ( ,sophocles are f9e lit]ature1 x foll[s t "s f9e lit]ature does n reflect ord9>y life1 & !re=e t fidelity to nature is n ! diff]5tia ( ! highe/ art4 ,i wond] :e!r ,i ought to caution y aga9 aga9/ ! ambiguity ( language8 ,we are deal+ easily en\gh ) su* words z life & nature1 & f :at y "k ( my sy/em y may p]haps h se5 t ,i h be5 us+ ^! words z ! p use !m1 z ^? use !m :o w\ld say t ,vanity ,fair is a fai?ful pres5tation ( life4 ,i ?\ght y w\ld und]/& ?is1 b ,i may j m5tion 9 pass+ t words l nature1 life & tru? or fidelity h also _! esot]ic values1 t 7by way ( example7 ! tru? ( ! sci5ti/ & ! tru? ( ! philosoph] are two v diff]5t ?+s4 ,s x may turn out by & bye t 9 ! occult s5se1 fidelity to life is ! diff]5tia ( f9e lit]ature2 t ! aim ( art is tru?2 t ! arti/ cont9ually mirrors nature 9 its et]nal1 ess5tial =ms2 b = ! pres5t mom5t1 x is und]/ood1 is x n1 t ^! words h be5 us$ 9 _! common1 ev]yday popul> significance8 ,! ,dunciad is a /udy ( man1 & ,wordswor?'s ,ode on ,intimations ( ,immortality is a /udy ( man1 & ! lit]>y /&po9t t we h be5 attack+ is t ( ,pope & n t ( ,wordswor?4 ,if ,i rememb]1 ! next te/ we h to analyse is t ( artifice1 (t5 & improp]ly call$ art4 ,b ,i ?9k we h already demoli%$ ?is crit]ion4 ,9 di/+ui%+ betwe5 art & artifice ,i po9t$ out t ! latt] m]ely signifies ! adaptation ( means to an end1 & has no relation :atev] ) art prop]ly s-call$2 x is simply ! m5tal in/rum5t ) :i* man p]=ms e task & e "w ( 8 daily life2 x consi/s 9 ! rejection ( t :i* is unfit = ! p>ticul> purpose 9 view1 & 9 ! acceptance & use ( t :i* is fit = ! desir$ end & likely to br+ x ab\t4 ,x conc]ns n creation b execution1 & x is ,i ne$ h>dly say z indisp5sable to ! au?or z are 8 p5 & ink1 & 7,i might almo/ say7 is z little conc]n$ z ^! ) ! ess5ce ( 8 art4 ,( c\rse 9 works ( ! v highe/ g5ius we may decl>e t1 9 a s5se1 art has become all 9 all1 t ! necess>y artifice has be5 int]p5etrat$ ) art1 s t we c h>dly di/+ui% 9 our m9ds betwe5 ! idea & ! realisation ( x4 ,9 su* cases1 artifice has be5 lift$ up & exalt$ into ! heav5 ( art1 & x rema9s artifice no long]2 b 9 ! view t we are consid]+ x is m]ely ! adaptation ( means to an end1 a clev] *oice ( incid5t1 ! knack ( putt+ 9 & leav+ out4 ,! faculty may1 z ,i said1 be glorifi$ & transfigur$ by g5ius1 b e newspap] report] mu/ h m or less ( x1 & x is cle> en\gh ,i ?9k 7p]haps ,i may m5tion ,wilkie ,coll9s once m7 t 9 itself x _c e/abli% ! claim ( any book to be f9e lit]ature4 ,& la/ly we h to deal ) /yle2 & "h aga9 ,i mu/ h rec\rse to my di/9ctions4 ,:at is a good /yle8 ,if y mean by a good /yle1 "o t deliv]s ! au?or's mean+ 9 ! cle>e/ possible mann]1 if its purpose & effect are obvi\sly utilit>ian1 if x be design$ solely ) ! view ( imp>t+ k--! k ( :at ! au?or int5ds--!n ,i mu/ po9t out t /yle 9 ?is s5se is or %\ld be among/ ! accompli%m5ts ( e comm]cial cl]k--inde$1 x w be m]ely a synonym = pla9 speak+ & pla9 writ+--& 9 ?is s5se x is evid5tly n "o ( ! m>ks ( art1 s9ce ! object ( art is n in=mation1 b a peculi> k9d ( /hetic delight4 ,b if on ! o!r h& /yle is to mean su* a use & *oice ( words & phrases & cad5ces t ! e> & ! s\l ?r\gh ! e> receive an impression ( subtle b mo/ beautiful music1 if ! s5se & s\nd & col\r ( ! words affect u ) an almo/ inexplicable delight1 !n ,i say t :ile ,idea is ! s\l1 /yle is ! glorifi$ body ( ! v highe/ lit]>y art4 ,/yle1 9 %ort1 is ! la/ p]fection ( ! v be/ 9 lit]ature1 x is ! outw>d sign ( ! burn+ grace )94 ,b we mu/ keep ! sy/ematic consid]ation ( /yle = "s o!r night2 x's n a subject to be dealt ) by ! way1 & ,i h only said s mu* because x 0 necess>y to draw ! l9e betwe5 language z a means ( imp>t+ facts 7good /yle 9 ! s5se ( our oppon5ts7 & language z an /hetic in/rum5t1 :i* is a good1 or r a beautiful /yle 9 our s5se4 ,9 ! latt] s5se x is ! =m ( f9e lit]ature1 9 ! =m] s5se x is ! m$ium ( all else t is express$ 9 words1 f a bill ( ex*ange upw>ds4 ,x seems to me1 !n1 t we h consid]$ "o by "o ! alt]native te/s ( f9e lit]ature :i* h be5 or may be propos$1 & we h come to ! conclusion t ea* & all are impossible4 ,x is no long] p]missible1 ,i imag9e1 = y or = me to say3 ,?is book is f9e lit]ature because x makes me cry1 because x 0 s int]e/+ t ,i c\ldn't put x d[n1 because x is s natural & fai?ful to life1 because x is s well 7pla9ly & neatly7 writt54 ,we h pick$ ^! reasons to pieces "o by "o1 & ! result is t we are driv5 back on my ^w ( ! enigma--,ec/asy2 ! infallible in/rum5t1 z ,i ?9k1 by :i* f9e lit]ature may be disc]n$ f read+-matt]1 by :i* art may be kn[n f artifice1 & /yle f intellig5t expression4 ,at any rate we h got our hypo!sis1 & y rememb] :at /ress ,col]idge laid on ! necessity ( =m+ "s hypo!sis be=e ent]+ on any inve/igation4 ,i believe we began to-night ) ! ev5+ pap]1 & ! /range glimpse x gives u1 ?r\gh a p9ky-gre5 veil1 ?r\gh a cl\d ( labori\s nons5se ab\t odds & w9n]s & tips & all su* fool]y1 into t anci5t et]nal desire ( man = ! unkn[n4 ,& t1 y rememb]1 0 "o ( ! synonyms t ,i (f]$ y = ec/asy2 & s 9 a s5se ,i expect t we %all h ! ev5+ pap] close beside u all ! way ( our long voyage 9 que/ ( ! lo/ ,atlantis4 ,,ii ,i ?9k x is a horrible ?+ to h su* a good memory z t4 ,i recollect1 n[ t y rem9d me1 t ,i did lay d[n ,pickwick v4 ,vanity ,fair z a sort ( te/ case ( my !ory ( lit]ature2 b y surely d n expect me to "w out ! argum5ts 9 detail8 ,( c\rse if ,i 7 giv+ a s]ies ( lectures ,i %\ld set a pap] aft] ea* "o2 b ,i expect y to cont5t y\rself ) ! sugge/ion1 ) ! skeleton map1 z x 74 ,besides1 if we take t special case ( two em95t ,victorian novels z a concrete in/ance ( ! ab/ract argum5t1 don't y see t we are answ]+ ! p>ticul> "q all ! :ile t we are inve/igat+ ! g5]al proposition8 ,surely if y recollect all t we said ab\t f9e lit]ature 9 g5]al1 y won't h mu* difficulty 9 adjudicat+ on ! claims ( ,?ack]ay4 ,don't y see t he nev] )draws himself f ! common life & ! common consci\sness1 t he is all ! :ile no?+ b a photograph]2 a %[man ) a set ( pictures4 ,a consummately clev] photograph]1 c]ta9ly1 a %[man ) a gift ( amus+1 int]e/+ patt] t is q extraord9>y1 an artific] ( v high m]it4 ,b :]e w y f9d ,ec/asy 9 ,?ack]ay8 ,:]e is 8 adoration8 ,y may se>*1 ,i ?9k1 f "o end ( 8 books to ! o!r1 )\t f9d+ any evid5ce t he realis$ ! my/]y ( ?+s2 he 0 nev] = a mom5t aw>e ( t %ad[y d\ble1 t /range companion ( man1 :o walks1 z ,i said1 foot to foot ) ea* "o ( u1 & yet 8 paces are 9 an unkn[n _w4 ,& 7unless y h got any fre% argum5ts7 ,i ?9k we decid$ la/ week t ! book :i* lacks ! s5se ( all ?is is n f9e lit]ature4 ,i hope y don't ?9k ,i am abus+ ,?ack]ay4 ,i am always read+ him1 & ,i *ose 8 ,vanity ,fair because x /rikes me z su* a supremely clev] example ( its class4 ,i suppose !re is no?+ m amus+ ?an ! society ( a brilliant1 obs]vant man ( ! _w4 ,well1 ,?ack]ay 0 brilliant & obs]vant 9 excelsis1 & besides t1 he und]/ood ! artifice ( /ory-tell+1 & he c\ld write a t]se1 clean-cut ,engli% :i* 0 always suffici5t = 8 purpose4 ,he contrives ! corporal ov]?r[ ( ! ,m>quis ( ,/eyne1 he %[s y t bald old nobleman sprawl+ on ! floor1 & ! words t he uses are 8 brisk1 will+1 & capable s]vants4 ,he has obs]vation1 & artifice1 & /yle 9 t second>y s5se :i* we di/+ui%$ f ! real /yle2 f ^? melodies unhe>d :i* ,i call$ 7,i ?9k r picturesquely7 ! glorifi$ body ( ! highe/ lit]>y art4 ,b ^! qualities1 we f\nd out1 are n1 sep>ately or conjo9tly1 ! diff]5tia ( f9e lit]ature z we und]/& ! t]m2 & consequ5tly1 ) all our admiration & all our int]e/ we are compell$ to place ,?ack]ay 9 ! l[] =m1 simply because he is cle>ly & decisively lack+ 9 t "o ess5tial quality ( ec/asy1 because he nev] leaves ! /reet & ! highroad to w&] on ! et]nal hills1 because he does n seem to be aw>e t su* hills exi/4 ,( c\rse ,i h only tak5 ,?ack]ay z ! repres5tative ( 8 class1 & ,i *ose him1 z ,i rem>k$1 because1 = me1 he is ! mo/ fav\rable repres5tative ( x4 ,i am ?9k+1 really1 ( ! pla9 man :om we h engag$ 9 s _m =ms1 & ( 8 pla9 argum5t :i* comes to ?is--= me a great book is a book t amuses me greatly & t ,i enjoy read+4 ,& ,i say t ,?ack]ay amuses me greatly & t ,i enjoy read+ 8 books imm5sely1 b t1 ) due respect to common s5se1 su* an argum5t fails to prove t ,vanity ,fair is f9e lit]ature4 ,o!r p w\ld1 no d\bt1 h *os5 o!r books2 _m w\ld h select$ ,miss ,au/51 & ,i d>esay !y w\ld h a good deal to say = _! *oice4 ,und\bt$ly !re is a sev]ity1 a self-re/ra9t1 a f95ess ( obs]vation1 a delicacy ( irony 9 ,pride & ,prejudice :i* are unmat*$ ( _! k9d 7! ,?ack]ay ( ! c>icatures1 ( ^? que] woodblocks1 comes out n[ & !n 9 ! books1 & digression occasionally goes beyond due b\nds72 b ,i nam$ ,vanity ,fair because1 p]sonally1 ,i f9d x m amus+ ?an ,pride & ,prejudice4 ,9 nei!r ( ^! books is !re art 9 our high s5se ( ! ^w1 & 9 pref]r+ ! "o ov] ! o!r ,i am simply say+ t ,i pref] ! company ( a brilliant & witty cosmopolitan to t ( a v ke5 & delicate1 b v limit$ maid5 lady1 :o lives 9 a remote c\ntry t[n & und]/&s ?or\ghly ! reason :y ! vic> b[$ s l[ :5 a c]ta9 c>riage roll$ up ! high /reet1 & :y t pretty1 prim girl cross$ ov] ! way :5 ! h&some g5tleman f ! ,hall came out ( ! *ymi/'s4 ,yes1 ! cosmopolitan at ! club w9d[ c]ta9ly fails a little 9 8 mann]s n[ & !n1 & ! c\ntry g5tlewoman's bre$+ is p]fect ( its k9d1 b ! circles 9 :i* ,p5d5nis mov$ are 7to me7 s inf9itely ! m ent]ta9+ ( ! two4 ,y see1 ,i ?9k t ! "q ( lik+ a book or n lik+ x has no?+ :atev] to d ) ! consid]ation ( f9e art4 ,art is !re1 if ,i may say s1 j z ! ,t5? ,comm&m5t is !re2 & if we don't l !m1 s mu* ! worse = u4 ,i may f9d ,hom] v dull read+1 ,i may covet y\r ox & y\r ass & ev]y?+ t is y\rs1 b my limit$ & some:at commonplace bra9s1 & my envy ( y\r prosp]ity won't alt] ! fact t ! ,odyssey is f9e lit]ature & t covet\sness is wick$4 ,b :5 we once leave ! utt]ances ( ! et]nal1 univ]sal human ec/asy1 :i* we h agre$ to call art1 & desc5d to ^! l[] levels t we are talk+ ( n[1 x seems to me t ! "q ( lik+ or n lik+ c\nts = a good deal4 ,n = ev]y?+1 ( c\rse4 ,we mu/ /ill di/+ui%3 betwe5 plots /upid or +5i\s1 betwe5 obs]vation t is close & ke5 & obs]vation t is vague & inaccurate1 betwe5 artifice & ! want ( x1 betwe5 s5t5ces t are neatly con/ruct$ & m]e slip%od4 ,all ^! ?+s naturally reckon 9 ! acc\nt1 b :5 !y h be5 e/imat$ & all[$ _! value1 y w usually f9d t y are influ5c$ /ill m by y\r m]e lik+ or dislik+ ( ! subject-matt]1 & x seems to me q legitimately4 ,=1 if y look closely into ! :ole "q1 y w f9d t y are judg+ ^! second>y books z y judge ( life1 z y *oose ! sc5e ( y\r holiday1 z y read ! newspap]4 ,"o man may say t he pref]s to talk to arti/s1 ano!r1 q legitimately1 may love ! society ( brew]s2 y may ?9k ,norway p]fection1 ,i am go+ to ,con/ant9ople2 ,a4 turns at once to ! quotation = ,turp5t9e at ,savannah1 ,b4 folds d[n ! %eet at ! ,police ,news4 ,x is n a "q ( art1 b ( ta/e1 t is ( individual hum\r & con/itution2 y frequ5t ! company t suits y1 y g to ! place y l1 y read ! news t happ5s to be mo/ int]e/+ f y\r special /&po9t4 ,& 9 ! same way1 if ,i f9d ! conv]sation ( ,miss ,becky ,%>pe1 z report$ by ,mr ,w4 ,m4 ,?ack]ay1 m amus+ ?an ! conv]sation ( ,miss ,elizabe? ,b5nett z report$ by ,miss ,jane ,au/52 x seems to me t !re is no m to be said4 ,elizabe?'s rem>ks are m skilfully report$8 ,v likely1 b1 grant+ t1 ,i _h r li/5 to ! record1 imp]fect1 if y please1 ( ! o!r lady's conv]sation4 ,"h is a spee* on ,bimetallism1 giv5 at great l5g?1 & 7let u presume7 ) great accuracy2 "h is a %ort summ>y ( ,pr(essor ,l4's ,lecture on ! ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies1 v badly sub-edit$4 ,b1 y see1 ,i happ5 n to c>e twop5ce ab\t ,bimetallism1 s ,i turn away f ! c>eful report1 gr[l+2 :ile ,i cut out t wret*$ summ>y ( ! ,lecture ) ! purpose ( pa/+ x 9 my scrap-book1 s9ce e ^w ab\t ! ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies has a vivid int]e/ = me4 ,x (t5 amuses me to he> p qu>rell+ ab\t ! rival arti/ic m]it ( books :i* h1 9 mo/ cases1 no arti/ic m]its at all4 ,a4 writes a book ab\t gre5groc]s1 & y1 :o f9d some?+ s+ul>ly piquant & ent]ta9+ 9 ! mann]s1 spee*1 & habits ( ! class 9 "q1 pron\nce ,a4 to be a great arti/ :o has writt5 a ma/]piece4 ,i love dukes1 & ,b's4 novel ( ! pe]age /rikes me z a m>vel ( arti/ic accompli%m5t1 :ile ,i pron\nce ! "w t has *>m$ y to be z /upid & tiresome z ! class x repres5ts4 ,ea* ( u is talk+ nons5se2 !re is no art 9 ! "q1 :i* is purely a matt] ( individual ta/e4 ,! ,/ock ,ex*ange column int]e/s "o man1 :ile ! late/ football news absorbs ! o!r4 ,t is all4 ,( c\rse1 z ,i said1 artifice c\nts = some?+3 !re is a pleasure 9 see+ ! ?+ neatly done1 & ,i suppose x is ?is pleasure t has secur$ ,miss ,au/5 h] f]v5t admir]s4 ,x is a little difficult to treat ?is =m ( pleasure q fairly2 a musician p]haps w\ld f9d x difficult to answ] ! "q :e!r he w\ld r he> ,pale/r9a badly r5d]$ or ,z+>elli execut$ to p]fection4 ,9 ! latt] case !re w\ld c]ta9ly be ! *>m ( exquisite voices 9 p]fect ord] & accord1 ?\gh ! music 7 no?+ or worse ?an no?+2 /ill1 our musician might say1 on ! o!r h&1 t ,pale/r9a m>tyr$ 0 bett] ?an ,z+>elli triumphant4 ,i am afraid ,i c imag9e myself say+3 ,limit$ c\ntry-p1 z se5 by ,jane ,au/51 are s 'sl[' t !y r bore me1 ?\gh ! au?or has portray$ !m ) wond]ful skill1 b ,i c h>dly fancy myself affirm+ t ,becky ,%>pe is su* an int]e/+ p]sonage t %e w\ld /ill delight me1 ev5 if ! au?or ( ,t5 ,?\s& a ,ye> _h writt5 h] hi/ory4 ,on ! o!r h& ,i believe t ! plot ( ,jekyll & ,hyde w\ld /ill h _h "s fasc9ation1 ?\gh x _h be5 treat$ by ! v]ie/ dolt 9 lett]s4 ,b t is n a good example1 s9ce ,jekyll & ,hyde is c]ta9ly 9 its conception1 ?\gh n 9 its execution1 a "w ( f9e art4 ,let u take ! ,moon/one aga9 z an example2 ,i believe !n1 t if ! ev5ts relat$ 9 x _h caught our eyes 9 a brief newspap] p>agraph !y w\ld /ill h int]e/$4 ,x seems to me t1 aft] all1 ?is "q ( artifice1 ( h[ ! ?+ is done1 comes "u ! same category z lik+ & dislik+4 ,i mean x is l>gely a matt] ( ! p]sonal equation1 ab\t :i* no v /rict laws c be laid d[n4 ,y might say1 = example1 t ,becky w\ld ent]ta9 y 9 any h&s1 h[ev] indiff]5t1 provid$ t h] facts 7 pres]v$1 & ,i don't see t ,i c\ld argue ! po9t ) y4 ,x rem9ds me aga9 ( ! way 9 :i* m5 *oose _! fri5ds2 "o lays /ress on pleasant mann]s1 ano!r on /]l+ goodness ( "*1 a ?ird on wit1 a f\r? on di/9ction ( "s k9d2 & argum5t is really voiceless4 ,"h is a book-case1 y may say1 look h[ exquisitely x is made4 ,yes1 b ,i don't want a book-case2 :]eas t table1 ricketty z x is1 w be really useful4 ,b if y 7 to say3 ,look at ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 y c h>dly imag9e my answ]+3 ,bo!r ,we/m9/] ,abbey2 ,i want a pig-/y4 ,y see h[1 "h aga91 we come to ! g5]ic diff]5ce betwe5 f9e lit]ature & int]e/+ read+ matt]4 ,we read ! ,odyssey because we are sup]natural1 because we he> 9 x ! e*oes ( ! et]nal song1 because x symbolises = u c]ta9 amaz+ & beautiful ?+s1 because x is music2 we read ,miss ,au/5 & ,?ack]ay because we l to recognise ! faces ( our fri5ds aptly reproduc$1 to see ! ext]nal face ( humanity s deftly mimick$1 because we are natural4 ,! "q ( our pref]5ce = "o ov] ! o!r1 is1 mak+ due all[ance = analogy1 ! "q ( our pref]5ce = a table ov] a bookcase or vice v]s1 & ! workman%ip 9 ea* case is l>gely a matt] ( detail4 ,& ! great poem may be equat$ ) ! great *ur*3 ea* is made = beauty1 ! "o is ec/asy 9 words1 ! o!r ec/asy 9 /one4 ,b ! *ur* & ! pig-/y1 on ! o!r h&1 are n to be comp>$ toge!r3 incid5tally1 no d\bt1 ! =m] is ra9pro( or 9 ill repair1 has good or bad ac\/ic prop]ties1 :ile ! latt] may be ei!r an /hetic pe/ 9 ! back-y>d1 or an agreeable look+ little %$ en\gh4 ,/ill1 ! ess5ce ( ! *ur* is beauty1 ec/asy2 ( ! /y utility1 ! safe keep+ ( pigs4 ,x w\ld be absurd1 y see1 to say3 ,i pref] an abbey to a pig-/y1 & x w\ld be equally absurd to say3 ,i pref] ! 'dipus' to ',pride & ,prejudice' or ,i pref] ! ,v5us ( ! ,l\vre to ! wax-figures 9 ! exhibition4 ,( c\rse ^! are only analogies1 & y mu/n't press !m1 b !y may help to make my mean+ cle>]1 to en=ce ! va/ di/9ction betwe5 art & artifice4 ,please don't ?9k t ,i wi% to e/abli% a proportion3 z a pig-/y is to an abbey1 s is ,jane ,au/5 to ,sophocles4 ,9 h] case y w\ld h to sub/itute a neat ,georgian h\se = pig-/y & !n ,i ?9k y w\ld h a v fair proportion4 ,b all t ,i want$ to d 0 to draw ! l9e betwe5 ?+s made = use1 to occupy "s def9ite place 9 relation to our common daily life2 & ?+s made by ec/asy & = ec/asy1 ?+s t are symbols1 proclaim+ ! pres5ce ( ! unkn[n _w4 ,& ,i *ose ,pickwick z ! anti!sis to ,vanity ,fair delib]ately4 ,?ack]ay 79 my private judgm5t7 is ! *ief ( ^? :o h provid$ int]e/+ read+-matt]2 ,dick5s is by no means 9 ! fir/ rank ( lit]>y arti/s4 ,i ?9k he is gold51 b he is v l>gely alloy$ ) bas] /uff1 ) indiff]5t metal1 :i* 0 ! product ( 8 age1 ( 8 circum/ances 9 life1 ( 8 own unc]ta9 ta/e4 ,j contra/ ! atmosph]e :i* surr\nd$ ! "y ,sophocles1 ) t 9 :i* ! "y ,dick5s fl\ri%$4 ,bo? 7 m5 ( g5ius1 b "o grew up 9 ! ,city ( ! ,violet ,cr[n1 ! o!r 9 ,camd5 ,t[n & worse places1 "o 0 accu/om$ to brea! t mo/ pellucid air1 ! o!r inhal$ ! ,london p>ticul>4 ,! wond] is1 n t !re are faults 9 ,dick5s1 b t !re is g5ius ( any k9d4 ,i am n go+ to analyze ,pickwick any m ?an ,i analyz$ ,vanity ,fair1 b ( c\rse y see t1 9 its conception1 x is ess5tially "o ) ! ,odyssey4 ,x is a book ( w&]+2 y />t f y\r own door/ep & y /ray into ! unkn[n2 e turn ( ! road fills y ) surmise1 e little village is a discov]y1 a some?+ new1 a creation4 ,y "k n :at may happ5 next2 y are j\rney+ ?r\gh ano!r _w4 ,i ne$ n rem9d y h[ glori\s all ?is is 9 ! ,odyssey1 :i* ( c\rse is s mu* m beautiful ?an ,pickwick1 z t gl[+ ,m$it]ranean ,sea1 ^: b\nds on e side 7 my/]y1 is m beautiful ?an ! muddy1 foggy ,?ames1 z ^? roll+ hexamet]s are m beautiful ?an ,dick5s's prose2 & yet 9 ea* case ! symbol is1 9 reality1 ! same2 bo? ! h]oic song ( ! old ,ionian _w & ! comic cockney romance ( #ahcg communicate t en?rall+ impression ( ! unkn[n1 :i* is1 at once1 a :ole philosophy ( life1 & ! mo/ exquisite ( emotions4 ,9 v>y+ degrees ( int5sity y w trace x all ?r\gh f9e lit]ature 9 e age & 9 e nation2 y w f9d x 9 ,celtic voyages1 9 ! ,ea/]n ,tale1 :]e a door 9 a dull /reet sudd5ly op5s into dreaml&1 9 ! m$ival /ories ( ! w&]+ knights1 9 ,don ,quixote1 & at la/ 9 our ,pickwick :]e ,ulysses has become a retir$ city man1 :imsically j\rney+ up & d[n ! ,engl& ( sixty ye>s ago4 ,y talk ( ! grotesqu]ie ( ,pickwick1 b don't y see t ?is elem5t is pres5t 9 all ! ma/]pieces ( ! k9d8 ,rememb] ! ,cyclops1 rememb] ! grotesque %apes t decorate ! ,arabian ,nights1 rememb] ! biz>re elem5t1 ! almo/ wanton grotesqu]ie ( _m ( ! ,ar?ur romances4 ,9 all ^! cases z 9 ,pickwick ! same result is obta9$2 an ov]p[]+ impression ( /rang5ess1 ( remot5ess1 ( )drawal f ! common ways ( life4 ,pickwick1 is1 9 no s5se1 or 9 no valuable s5se1 a portrayal1 a copy1 an imitation ( life 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( imitation1 & life2 ,pickwick1 & ,sam1 & ,j+le1 & ! re/ ( !m are n clev] reproductions ( actual p1 7is !re any m fooli% pursuit ?an t ( disput+ ab\t ! orig9al ( ,mr ,pickwick872 ! book is r ! sugge/ion ( ano!r life1 b5ea? our own or beside our own1 & ! *>act]s1 ^? que] grotesque p1 are que] = ! same reason t ! ,cyclops is que] & ! dw>fs & dragons ( m$ival romance are que]4 ,we are )drawn f ! common ways ( life2 & 9 t )drawal is ! beg9n+ ( ec/asy4 ,!re are s5t5ces 9 ,pickwick t give me an almo/ extravagant delight4 ,y rememb] ! l9es ab\t ! ,lotus-,eat]s4 ' 1 ' ' ' 4 ,well1 d y "k !re is a brief dialogue 9 ,pickwick t seems almo/ z en*ant$1 to me4 ,! sc5e is ! manor-f>m kit*51 on ,*ri/mas eve4 ',h[ x sn[s1' said "o ( ! m51 9 a l[ voice4 ',sn[s1 does x8' said ,w>dle4 ',r\gh1 cold night1 sir1' repli$ ! man1 '& !re's a w9d got up t drifts x across ! fields1 9 a ?ick :ite cl\d4' ',:at does ,jem say8' inquir$ ! old lady4 ',!re a9't any?+ ! matt]1 is !re8' ',no1 no1 "m1' repli$ ,w>dle2 'he says !re's a sn[-drift1 & a w9d t's pi]c+ cold4' ,y "k ?is is ! introduction to ! ,tale ( ,gabriel ,grub1 an admirable leg5d :i* ,dick5s f>s$ ) an obtrusive moral4 ,b ,i confess t ! atmosph]e 7:i* to me seems all ! wild wea!r & ! wild leg5d ( ! nor?7 sugge/$ by ^? phrases a ?ick :ite cl\d1 & a w9d t's pi]c+ cold is 9 my judgm5t :olly m>vell\s4 ,b ,dick5s1 ( c\rse1 is full ( impressions :i* nev] become expressions4 ,y rememb] t *apt] ab\t ! lawy]'s cl]ks 9 ! ,magpie & ,/ump8 ,x is always q pa!tic to me to note h[ ,dick5s felt ! /rang5ess1 ! my/]y1 ! haunt+ t are l a mi/ ab\t ! old ,inns ( ,c\rt1 & h[ utt]ly unable he 0 to express 8 emotion--to f9d a fit symbol = 8 mean+4 ,he takes refuge1 z x 71 beh9d ,jack ,bamb]1 :o tells two v insignificant leg5ds z to ! my/]y ( ! ,inns4 ,dick5s feels t ^! leg5ds are insignificant1 & ?r[s 9 "o t is pure burlesque1 & !n *anges ! subject 9 despair2 ! vague impression has refus$ to be put into words2 probably1 inde$1 x _h /opp$ %ort ( becom+ ?\ght4 ,b ,i am afraid t if ,i once beg9 to talk ab\t ! defects & faults ( ,dick5s ,i %all run on = ev]1 & ,i ?9k y w be able to f9d out 8 la*es q well = y\rself4 ,:at ,i want to insi/ on is 8 s5se ( my/]y1 8 )drawal f common life1 &1 f9ally1 8 ec/asy4 ,i h n prov$ my case up to ! hilt by a ?or\gh-go+ analysis ( ,pickwick1 b ,i ?9k ,i h sugge/$ ! heads ( su* an analysis4 ,!re is ec/asy 9 ! ma9 idea1 9 ! ?\ght ( ! man :o w&]s away f 8 famili> /reets into unkn[n tracks & lanes & villages1 !re is ec/asy 9 ! conception ( all ^? que]1 grotesque *>act]s1 rem9d]s ea* "o ( ! /rang5ess ( life1 !re is ec/asy 9 ! ?\ght ( ! wild ,*ri/mas ,eve1 ( ! fields & woods sc\rg$ by a w9d t's pi]c+ cold1 hidd5 by ! ?ick cl\d ( sn[1 !re is ec/asy 9 t vague impression ( ! old1 d>k1 ,inns1 ( ! rott5 *amb]s t _h be5 %ut up = ye>s & ye>s4 ,9 a ^w3 ,pickwick is f9e lit]ature4 ,well1 y've got :at y want$2 "s sort ( analysis ( my case3 ',pickwick' v4 ',vanity ,fair'2 b x mu/ be cle>ly und]/ood t ,i'm n go+ to "w out e example4 ,h[ev]1 ,i am n sorry t ,i h be5 l$ to g into ?is p>ticul> case r fully1 because x is a typical "o1 & we %all n be oblig$ to g ov] ! same gr\nd aga94 ,i mean1 t hav+ witness$ ! dissection ( ,?ack]ay1 y w h no ne$ to come to me = my judgm5t ( ,george ,eliot1 or ( ,an?ony ,trollope1 or--to make a v long li/ a v %ort "o--( ab\t n9ety-n9e p] c5t ( our mod]n novels4 ,yes1 y h m5tion$ a great "n1 & ,i1 l y1 take (f my cap to ! man :o has gone on 8 way1 )\t c>+ = ! public1 or ! review]s1 or any?+ else1 except 8 own judgm5t ( :at is "r4 ,b1 frankly1 if y pass f ! man & come to 8 "w1 my pla9 op9ion is ?is3 t he has writt5 ab\t ord9>y life1 reg>d$ f an ord9>y /&po9t1 9 a /yle :i* is extraord9>y c]ta9ly1 b v f> f beautiful4 ,x is n a beautiful /yle1 s9ce a f9e /yle1 ?\gh x may c>ry sugge/ion beyond ! b\rne ( ?\ght1 ?\gh x may be ! veil & visible body ( conceal$ my/]ies1 is always pla9 on ! surface4 ,x may be l an +5i\sly devis$ cryptogram1 :i* may h an occult s5se convey$ to initiat$ eyes 9 e dot & l9e & fl\ri%1 b is outw>dly z simple & /raight=w>d z a bus9ess lett]4 ,b 9 ! works ( ! writ] :om we are discuss+ obscurities1 dubieties ( all k9ds are f> f uncommon2 & 9 _m ( 8 books !re are passages :i* h>dly seem to be ,engli% at all4 ,! words are famili>--mo/ ( !m--! grammatical con/ruction (t5 (f]s no v consid]able difficulties--x is r>ely1 ,i mean1 t "o has to se>* v long = ! nom9ative ( ! s5t5ce--b :5 "o has read ! words & p>s$ !m1 "o feels incl9$ to ?9k t aft] all ! passage is n 9 ,engli% b 9 "s o!r language ) a sup]ficial resemblance to ,engli%4 ,/yle is n ev]y?+8 ,c]ta9ly n2 a book may fail 9 /yle1 & yet be f9e1 ?\gh n ! f9e/ lit]ature4 ,y h only to op5 ,sir ,walt] ,scott to h highly conclusive evid5ce on t po9t4 ,b ! writ] we are consid]+ n only fails 9 ! body ( art b ev5 m conspicu\sly 9 ! s\l ( x4 ,j ?9k = a mom5t ( 8 /ory ( ! v e>ne/ ,jew :o fell 9 love ) ! b>oness :o 0 n v e>ne/4 ,!re 0 a false female fri5d1 y rememb]1 & social complications p]turb$ ! he>ts ( ! curi\sly assort$ lov]s1 & f9ally ! ,jew 0 %ot 9 a duel by ano!r1 less detrim5tal1 c\rti]4 ,c y conceive any?+ m trivial ?an ?is8 ,don't y see t f su* a book z t ! idea1 ! s\l ( f9e lit]ature1 is completely lack+8 ,great books may always be summ$ up 9 a phrase1 (t5 9 a s+le ^w1 & t phrase or t ^w w always signify "s prim>y & palm>y idea4 ,to me ! only idea sugge/$ by ! plot ,i h outl9$ is unimportance2 &1 z 9 ! case ( ,?ack]ay1 ec/asy is entirely abs5t bo? f ?is & f all o!r ( ! au?or's books4 ,y say t1 aft] all1 ! plot 9 "q is a plot ( ! love ( a man = a woman1 & t t is an idea 9 ! highe/ s5se ( ! ^w1 & an idea :i* is ! mo/ ( all fit = ! purpose & ! mak+ ( ! f9e/ lit]ature4 ,i agree ) y 9 ! latt] clause ( y\r s5t5ce1 b ,i mu/ po9t out t ! book is n ! /ory ( ! love ( a man = a woman1 x is ! /ory ( ! flirtation ( a b>oness ) a ,g]man ,jew ,sociali/--a v diff]5t matt]4 ,9 a ^w1 x is a tale ( ! accid5tal1 ( ! p>ticul>1 ( ! iness5tial2 x is completely ! play ( ,hamlet ) ! "p ( ,hamlet omitt$1 & ! greate/ /ress laid on ! m9or *>act]s4 ,x is q true t :5 an au?or writes a romance conta9+ a h]o & a h]o9e he mu/ tell y :o !y are1 he mu/ give1 briefly & succ9ctly1 ! necess>y details--names1 ages1 conditions & s =?--b if he is a great au?or he w d ?is incid5tally & make u feel t su* details are incid5tal4 ,9 %ort1 he mu/ poise 8 feet on e>?1 b 8 way is to ! />s4 ,?9k ( ! ,sc>let ,lett]1 op5 x aga9 & see h[ admirably ,haw?orne has omitt$ a _w ( uness5tial details t a less] man w\ld h put 94 ,he has left out a :ole encyclopdia ( useless & t$i\s in=mation2 !re is ! dim1 necess>y backgr\nd ( "t & place1 b 9 reality ! sc5e is ,et]nity1 & ! drama is ! ,my/]y ( ,love & ,v5geance & ,hell-fire4 ,( c\rse f9e lit]ature mu/ h its gross & c>nal body1 we mu/ "k :o's :o1 = ,i don't ?9k an old-fa%ion$ receipt t ,i rememb] 0 ev] v successful4 ,oh1 y mu/ h read "s ( ! tales ,i mean2 !y us$ to fl\ri% 9 ! old ,keepsakes1 & ! h]o 0 boldly labell$ ,f]n&o = all di/9ction & description4 ,"o might surmise t ,f]n&o 0 domicil$ on ! cont95t ( ,europe1 b t 0 all4 ,x 0 n successful1 ?is well-mean+ s*ool ( fiction1 & ,i repeat t ! f9e/ lit]ature mu/ h its accid5ts--x _c exi/ z %9+ sub/ance alone4 ,x is j ! same ) ! art ( sculpture1 ) ! art ( pa9t+4 ,y _c look at a ,greek ,apollo )\t look+ at t "p ( ! body :i* conceals ! b[els1 b ,i imag9e y don't want to treasure ?is ?\ght or to insi/ on x8 ,& ,i suppose a geologi/1 look+ at a picture1 c\ld tell y :e!r ^? wild & t]rible rocks 7 volcanic or c>bonif]\s2 b really "o doesn't want to "k4 ,b[els1 geological =mation1 9 sculpture & pa9t+1 ! social position ( ! *>act]s & all o!r su* details 9 f9e lit]ature are iness5tial2 & ! great arti/ w1 z ,i said1 make u feel t !y are iness5tial4 ,if y want an in/ance ( :at ,i mean read a book :i* is v comp>able ) ! ,g]man-,jew-,b>oness tale t we 7 talk+ ab\t4 ,i mean ,two on a ,t[] by ,mr ,h>dy4 ,9 t y h ! contra/ ( social ranks3 ! two are ! ,lady ( ! ,manor & an educat$ peasant1 b h[ utt]ly all ?\ght ( society 79 any s5se ( ! ^w7 disappe>s f ^? wond]ful pages1 z y advance & f9d t ! !me is really ,love4 ,:y ev5 ! accid5ts are glorifi$ & are made ( ! ess5ce ( ! book4 ,! old t[] /&+ 9 ! mid/ ( lonely1 r$ pl\ghl&s f> f ! highway1 is at fir/ only ! conv5i5t place :]e ! "y peasant /udies a/ronomy2 b z y read y feel ! *ange com+1 ! t[] is transmut$1 glorifi$2 e /one ( x is agl[ ) my/ic light2 x is made ! abode ( ! ,lov] & ! ,belov$1 x is se5 to be a symbol ( ,love1 ( an ec/asy1 remote1 & passionate1 & et]nal1 dwell+ f> f ! ways ( m54 ,comp>e ^! two books1 ,i say aga91 & y w "k ! *ief di/9ction betwe5 f9e lit]ature & read+ matt]4 ,to me1 ,i confess1 ! ,jew-book has n ev5 int]e/ ( ! l[] sort1 n by any means ! int]e/ ( ,?ack]ay1 or ,jane ,au/5 or ev5 ( poor1 dre>y1 draggle-tail$ ,george ,eliot2 b if y are amus$ by x1 ,i h no objection to make4 ,y may be amus$ by ! plates ( ! ,spr+ & ,summ] ,novelties 9 ! lady's pap]1 if y please2 b = heav5's sake don't come "h & tell me t on ! :ole y pref] ,botticelli's ,primav]a6 ,nay1 b ! fa%ion-plates are sometimes v nicely done1 & !y put 9 backgr\nds1 & !y are try+ to give ! faces "s "*4 ,d get x into y\r head--firmly & fix$ly--t ! cam]a & ! s\l ( man are two entirely diff]5t ?+s4 ,y ?9k ! photographic comp>ison unfair1 9 ?is & o!r in/ances1 because ( ! me*anical elem5t 9 photography1 because ( t cam]a ,i h j m5tion$8 ,well1 ,i suppose t x is a little mislead+4 ,! sun & ! cam]a betwe5 !m c]ta9ly d y\r picture = y1 & z y urge1 !re is m ( artifice 9 ! m]e/ ,sunday-s*ool tale ?an 9 ! be/ ( photographs4 ,/ill1 y mu/ rememb] t photography too has its artifice1 its *oice ( ! "r & ! wrong way1 & its ex]cise ( judgm5t2 !re is a great deal 9 x t is n me*anical2 & 9 its ess5ce x is ( ! same class z ! books ,i h be5 allud+ to4 ,! means employ$ are diff]5t1 & a high] & f9] artifice is requir$ = mak+ books ?an = tak+ photographs1 b ! end ( ea* is ! same1 & t end is to portray ! surface ( life1 to make a picture ( ! outside ( ?+s4 ,x is on ?is gr\nd t ,i def5d my use ( ! analogy1 & y mu/ und]/& me to speak only ( ! object :i* is common to ea*1 :5 ,i comp>e ! second>y writ] to a photograph]4 ,! writ]s1 to be sure1 h inv5tion 9 a great] or less degree1 b y w rem>k t ! arti/s 9 lit]ature h ! p[] ( creation1 a totally diff]5t process4 ,inv5tion is ! f9d+ ( a ?+ 9 its m or less obscure hid+-place2 creation is ! mak+ ( a new ?+1 ! invocation ( ,some?+ f ,no?+ness4 ,don ,quixote is a creation2 ! cl]gyman 9 ,pride & ,prejudice is an inv5tion1 ,colonel ,newcome is1 9 all probability1 a composite portrait1 :ile ! ,jew-,sociali/ :o fell 9 love ) ! ,b>oness is simply a portrait ( ,f]d9& ,lassalle4 ,y mu/ rememb] t :ile ! two classes--f9e lit]ature & read+ matt]--diff] ! "o f ! o!r g5]ically1 ! individuals ( ea* class diff] f ea* o!r only specifically4 ,?us ! diff]5ce 9 m]it betwe5 ! ,odyssey & ,pickwick is enorm\s1 b x is a specific diff]5ce4 ,9 ! same way x is h>d to measure ) ! imag9ation ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,madame ,bov>y & t fam\s ,sunday-s*ool /ory ,jackie's ,holiday3 ! =m] is imm5sely clev]1 ! latt] is imm5sely silly2 b ! two are1 emphatically1 ( ! same g5us4 ,9 ea* case ! ef=t ( ! au?or is to describe life1 ! aim ( ,flaub]t is absolutely id5tical ) ! aim ( ,miss ,flopk9s1 & _! results diff] only z ! ,fr5*man diff]s f ! ,engli%woman1 ! "o be+ a s]i\s & pati5t artific] :ile ! o!r is a bungl+ idiot1 :o obtrudes h] v empty p]sonality & h] v tra%y e?ics in/ead ( /udi\sly conceal+ !m4 ,/ill3 a photograph tak5 9 ! mo/ fam\s /udio 9 ,london is /ill a photograph equally ) ! spott$ & mi/y ef=t ( ! amateur1 & no am\nt ( t\*+-up or f9i%+1 h[ev] pati5t x may be1 w turn a photograph into a "w ( art4 ,&1 9 l mann]1 no lab\r1 no c>e1 no poli%+ ( ! phrase1 no pati5ce 9 inve/igation1 no artifice 9 plot or 9 con/ruction w ev] make read+-matt] into f9e lit]ature4 ,,iii ,i see t ,i %all be oblig$ to keep on reit]at+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 f9e lit]ature & lit]ature1 or 9 o!r words betwe5 art & obs]vation express$ ) artifice4 ,i am afraid1 t 9 y\r he>t ( he>ts1 y /ill believe t ! ,odyssey is f9e lit]ature1 & t ,pride & ,prejudice is f9e lit]ature1 ?\gh ! ,odyssey is bett] ?an ,pride & ,prejudice4 ,x is t bett] t ,i want to get out ( y\r head1 t mon/r\s fallacy ( comp>+ ,we/m9/] ,abbey ) ! *>m+ old h\ses 9 ,que5 ,squ>e4 ,y w\ld see ! absurdity ( imag9+ t !re c be any degree ( comp>ison betwe5 two ?+s entirely diff]5t1 if ,i sub/itut$ = ,pride & ,prejudice "s ord9>y circulat+-libr>y novel ( our own times4 ,at lea/ ,i hope y w\ld see1 ?\gh1 z ,i told y a few weeks ago1 ,i d\bt v mu* :e!r _m p realise ! di/9ction betwe5 ! ,odyssey & a political pamphlet4 ,! g5]al op9ion1 ,i expect1 is t bo? belong to ! same class1 ?\gh ! ,greek poem is mu* m important ?an ! pamphlet4 ,i ?9k we succe$$ 9 demon/rat+ ! falsity ( ?is idea1 9 %[+ cle>ly & decisively t f9e lit]ature means ! expression ( ! et]nal human ec/asy 9 ! m$ium ( words1 & t x means no?+ else :atsoev]4 ,words1 x is true1 are us$ = o!r ends ?an ?is3 !y are us$ 9 s5d+ telegrams to /ockbrok]s1 = example1 b :y %\ld ?is d\ble (fice create any confusion8 ,a tub & a tab]nacle may ea* be made ( wood1 b y don't mix ! two ?+s up on t acc\nt8 ,! o!r day y gave me a mo/ amus+ acc\nt ( y\r l&lady's qu>rels ) h] s]vant girls4 ,i rememb] t ,i laugh$ consum$ly1 & at ! mom5t1 t solemn preconisation ( ! s]vant ,mabel to ! effect t h] mi/ress1 ,mrs ,/ick+s1 0 n a lydy1 0 m to my ta/e ?an ! recitation ( ! ,ode on a ,grecian ,urn4 ,b y surely didn't ?9k t y 7 mak+ lit]ature all ! :ile8 ,or t ! hi/ory ( ,mrs ,/ick+s & ,mabel w\ld h my/]i\sly become lit]ature if y _h writt5 x d[n & got somebody to pr9t x8 ,or t x w\ld h be5 lit]ature if "s ( ! details _h be5 a little exagg]at$ 7,i ?\ght y _h embroid]$ "h & !re72 or if y _h made ! :ole /ory up out ( y\r own head8 ,exactly1 y 71 z y say1 amus+ me by ! relation ( facts a little alt]$1 compress$1 & embelli%$1 & ,i am glad t y see t no process ( writ+ or pr9t+1 no v>iation 9 ! proportion ( tru? & inv5tion1 ev5 to ! total lack ( all tru?1 c\ld h *ang$ an amus+ pres5tation ( ! ,/ick+s mnage into f9e lit]ature4 ,b1 surely1 x is s v obvi\s4 ,did any cook ev] ?9k t he c\ld *ange a turkey into a bird ( p>adise by c>eful att5tion to ! f>se & ! sauce8 ,! f>m] might z well expect to bre$ e>ly phnixes = ,lead5hall ,m>ket by ! simple process ( light+ a bonfire 9 ! f>my>d4 ,! "y ducks w\ld jump into ! blaze1 & ! trans=mation w\ld be ! "w ( a second6 ,!re is no m madness 9 t notion ?an 9 ! o!r "o--t "o has only to pr9t an amus+1 int]e/+1 life-l1 or pa!tic tale to make x into f9e lit]ature4 ,yes2 b :at ,i am afraid is /ill lurk+ some:]e 9 y\r skull is ?is3 t if only ! /uff+ is extremely well made1 if only ! sauce is an exquisite concoction1 ! turkey is1 someh[ or o!r1 *ang$ into a bird ( p>adise4 ,t is1 to translate ! analogy1 if only ! plot is v +5i\s1 if only ! con/ruction is well c>ri$ out1 if ! *>act]s are extremely life-l1 if ! ,engli% is admirably neat & suffici5t1 !n read+-matt] becomes f9e lit]ature4 ,make ! bonfire high en\gh & y\r "y ducks w be burn$ into phnixes fa/ en\gh2 let ! artifice be suffici5tly artificial & x w be art4 ,inde$ y might z well ma9ta9 t a wood5 /atue1 if x be really well c>v$1 is !reby made into a gold /atue4 ,well1 ,i rememb] say+ "o night t y 7 "h t ec/asy is at once ! mo/ exquisite ( emotions & a :ole philosophy ( life4 ,& x is to ! philosophy ( life t we are br\ght1 9 ! la/ resort4 ,y "k t !re are1 speak+ v g5]ally1 two solutions ( exi/5ce2 "o is ! mat]iali/ic or rationali/ic1 ! o!r1 ! spiritual or my/ic4 ,if ! =m] 7 true1 !n ,keats w\ld be a que] k9d ( madman1 & ! ,morte d',ar?ur w\ld be an elaborate symptom ( insanity2 if ! latt] is true1 !n ,pride & ,prejudice is n f9e lit]ature1 & ! works ( ,george ,eliot are ! works ( a sup]ior insect--& no?+ m4 ,y mu/ make y\r *oice3 is ! /ory ( ! ,graal lunacy1 or n8 ,y ?9k x is n3 !n d n talk any m ( turn+ glass into diamonds by c>eful poli%+ & cutt+4 ,d n say3 ,mr ,a4 sp5ds five ye>s ov] a book1 & !re=e :at he writes is f9e lit]ature2 ,miss ,b4 poli%es (f five novels 9 a ye>1 & !re=e %e does n write f9e lit]ature4 ,d n say1 ,mr ,%or?\se has got ! "n ( a man :o kept a private s*ool 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,i4 q "r2 !re=e ,john ,+lesant is f9e lit]ature1 :ile ! ar*ological details 9 ,ivanhoe are all wrong1 !re=e x is n f9e lit]ature4 ,good ,"l6 ,y might z well say3 b my l&lady's "n is ,mrs ,/ick+s1 & ! girl 7:o left la/ mon?7 0 really call$ ,mabel2 !re=e t /ory ( m9e 0 f9e lit]ature4 ,:at's t ab\t su/a9$ ef=t8 ,c y turn a deal ladd] into a gold5 /aircase by mak+ x ( a ?\s& rungs8 ,:at ,i say ?ree times is "r1 eh8 & if ,i tell ! tale ( ,mrs ,/ick+s s t x ext5ds to our m9imum l5g? = ?ree volume novels1 x becomes f9e lit]ature4 ,well1 ,i really hope t we h at la/ settl$ ! matt]2 t f9e lit]ature is simply ! expression ( ! et]nal ?+s t are 9 man1 t x is beauty clo!d 9 words1 t x is always ec/asy1 t x always draws itself away1 & goes ap>t into lonely places1 f> f ! common c\rse ( life4 ,realise ?is1 & y w nev] be misl$ into pron\nc+ m]e read+-matt]1 h[ev] int]e/+1 to be f9e lit]ature2 & n[ t we cle>ly und]/& ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two1 ,i propose t we drop ! f9e & speak simply ( lit]ature4 ,b ,i assure y t1 ev5 aft] hav+ e/abli%$ ! gr& di/9ction1 x is by no means pla9 sail+4 ,ev]y?+ t]re/rial is s composite 7except1 p]haps1 pure music7 t "o is confront$ by an almo/ endless task ( di/+ui%+ matt] f =m1 & body f _s4 ,lit]ature1 we say1 is ec/asy1 b a book mu/ be writt5 ab\t some?+ & ab\t somebody2 x mu/ be express$ 9 words1 x mu/ h arrangem5t & artifice1 x mu/ h accid5t z well z ess5ce4 ,consid] ,don ,quixote z an example2 x is1 ,i suppose1 ! f9e/ prose romance 9 exi/5ce4 ,ess5tially1 x expresses ! et]nal que/ ( ! unkn[n1 t long+1 peculi> to man1 :i* makes him rea* out t[>ds inf9ity2 & he lifts up 8 eyes1 & he /ra9s 8 eyes1 look+ across ! ocean1 = c]ta9 fabl$1 happy isl&s1 = ,avalon t is beyond ! sett+ ( ! sun4 ,& he comes into life f ! unkn[n _w1 f glori\s places1 & all 8 days he j\rneys ?r\gh ! _w1 spy+ ab\t him1 go+ on & ev] on1 expect+ beyond e hill to f9d ! holy city1 see+ signs1 & om5s1 & tok5s by ! way1 rem9d$ e h\r ( 8 ev]la/+ citiz5%ip4 ,f ! great deep to ! great deep he goes3 x is true ( ,k+ ,ar?ur & ( ea* "o ( u2 & ?is1 ,i take x1 is ! ess5ce ( ,don ,quixote1 & ( all 8 =]unn]s & successors4 ,!n1 9 ! second place1 y get ! et]nal moral ( ! book1 & y w und]/& t ,i am n us+ moral 9 ! vulg> s5se4 ,! et]nal moral1 !n1 ( ,don ,quixote is ! /rife betwe5 temporal & et]nal1 betwe5 ! s\l & ! body1 betwe5 ?+s spiritual & ?+s corporal1 betwe5 ec/asy & ! common life4 ,y read ! book & y see t !re is a p]petual j>1 y are cont9ually confront$ by ! great ant9omy ( life4 ,x seems a m]e comic incid5t :5 ! knight dream+ ( en*antm5t is knock$ ab\t1 & made ridicul\s2 b ,i tell y x is ! p]petual trag$y ( life itself1 symbolis$4 ,i say t x is1 "u a figure1 ! picture ( humanity 9 ! _w1 t y w f9d ! tru? x repres5ts repeat$ aga9 & aga9 ?r\gh\t all hi/ory4 ,y "k t if "o goes back resolutely to ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ?+s1 "o f9ds oneself1 z x 71 9 a place :]e all l9es t seem$ p>allel & et]nally divid$ meet1 & s x is ) ?is trag$y symbolis$ by ! ,don ,quixote4 ,x is1 y may say1 ! trag$y ( ! ,unkn[n & ! ,kn[n1 ( ! ,s\l & ,body1 ( ! ,idea & ! ,fact1 ( ,ec/asy & ,common ,life2 at la/1 ,i suppose1 ( ,good & ,evil4 ,! s\rce ( x lies f> beyond our und]/&+1 b its symbol is %[n aga9 & aga9 9 ,c]vantes's page4 ,!n1 !re is a ?ird elem5t 9 ! book4 ,! au?or int5d$ to write a burlesque on ! curr5t romances ( *ivalry2 & he wrote1 ,i suppose1 ! be/ burlesque t has ev] be5 writt51 or ev] w be writt54 ,if y unhappily s *oose1 y c %ut y\r eyes to ev]y?+ s]i\s & ev]y?+ beautiful1 & read m]ely ( ,amadis & ,ar?ur tak5 (f1 ( ! highe/ ideals turn$ into nons5se1 ( ! be/ motives %[n to be1 9 effect1 mis*iev\s4 ,y w read h[ ! knight1 9 ! approv$ mann] ( knights1 help$ ! oppress$ & ! wret*$1 & h[ he usually wors5$ _! condition t5fold4 ,y may l5d y\r e> to ,san*o1 grumbl+ & quot+ common-s5se prov]bs all ! road1 z he rides on 8 ass1 & if x 7 n = ! wit & ! com$y1 y might fancy y\rself 9 a suburban tra9 b\nd = ! city4 ,:y1 if y s please1 ,don ,quixote is ! ,in/itute ( cynicism1 ! r$uction ( e g5]\s impulse to absurdity4 ,f9ally1 ! knight is ! m\?piece ( ,c]vantes himself1 especially t[>ds ! end ( ! second "p1 :]e ! arm\r & ! fantasy drop (f1 piece by piece1 & %r$ by %r$1 on t m\rnful1 homew>d j\rney4 ,at la/1 ,i say1 ,don ,quixote is almo/ simply ,c]vantes1 comm5t+ on m5 & affairs 9 ,spa91 & ,i ?9k t 9 ^? f9al *apt]s ! art has vani%$ toge!r ) ! arm\r & ! ec/asy4 ,yes1 ,i always dread ! end+ ( ,don ,quixote4 ,a /> drops a l9e ( /ream+ fire1 d[n ! vault ( ! sky1 & p]haps y may h se5 ! ugly1 %apeless ?+ t s9ks into ! e>?4 ,b ?is v brief & imp]fect analysis ( a great ma/]piece ( lit]>y art may give y "s idea ( ! extraord9>y complexity ( all lit]ature4 ,z x is ,i h omitt$ "o mo/ important item 9 ! acc\nt2 ,i h said no?+ ( ! /yle1 because1 ,i am sorry to say t ,i h no ,spani%1 & ,c]vantes speaks to me ?r\gh an int]pret] nam$ ,*>les ,j>vis4 ,b1 omitt+ /yle1 y see t we h1 9 ?is p>ticul> case1 five books 9 "o2 we h ! utt]ance ( pure ec/asy1 ! /rife betwe5 ec/asy & ! common life1 ! burlesque ( *ivalry1 ! in/itutes ( cynicism1 & ! comm5ts on affairs4 ,ea* ( ^! diff]5t !mes is manag$ ) consummate ability1 & 7always except+ ! la/ *apt]s ( ! book71 ea* keeps its due place1 s t x really re/s ) ! read]1 9 a mann]1 to *oose :i* book he is to read4 ,& !n1 !re are o!r elem5ts :i* mu/ be acc\nt$ = if "o is to judge a book z a :ole1 fairly & ?or\ghly4 ,i may be s *>m$ ) ! writ]'s rapture1 ) ! wond] & beauty ( 8 idea1 t ,i may =get ! fact t ! arti/ mu/ also be ! artific]2 t :ile ! s\l conceives1 ! und]/&+ mu/ =mulate ! conception1 t :ile ec/asy mu/ sugge/ ! conduct ( ! /ory1 common-s5se mu/ help to range ea* circum/ance 9 ord]1 t :ile an inw>d1 my/]i\s delight mu/ dictate ! burn+ phrases & s\nd 9 ! music & melody ( ! words1 cool judgm5t mu/ g ?r\gh e l9e1 rem9d+ ! au?or t1 if lit]ature be ! language ( ! ,%ad[y ,companion x mu/ yet be translat$ out ( ! unkn[n spee* into ! vulg> tongue4 ,"h !n we h ! elem5ts ( a book4 ,fir/ly ! ,idea or ,conception1 ! ?+ ( exquisite beauty :i* dwells 9 ! au?or's s\l1 n yet clo!d 9 words1 nor ev5 9 ?\ght1 b a pure emotion4 ,secondly1 :5 ?is emotion has tak5 def9ite =m1 is made inc>nate z x 71 9 ! %ape ( a /ory1 :i* c be r\ghly jott$ d[n on pap]1 we may speak ( ! ,plot4 ,?irdly1 ! plot has to be sy/ematis$1 to be drawn to scale1 to be c>ri$ out to its legitimate conclusions1 to be display$ by means ( ,incid5t2 & "h we h ,con/ruction4 ,f\r?ly1 ! /ory is to be writt5 d[n1 & ,/yle is ! inv5tion ( beautiful words :i* %all affect ! read] by _! mean+1 by _! s\nd1 by _! my/]i\s sugge/ion4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! f\rfold "w ( lit]ature1 & if y want to be p]fect y mu/ be p]fect 9 ea* "p4 ,art mu/ inspire & %ape ea* & all1 b only ! fir/1 ! ,idea1 is pure art2 ) ,plot1 & ,con/ruction1 & ,/yle !re is an alloy ( artifice4 ,if !n any giv5 book c be %[n to proce$ f an ,idea1 x is to be plac$ 9 ! class ( lit]ature1 9 ! %elf ( ! ,odyssey z ,i ?9k ,i once express$ x4 ,x may be plac$ v high 9 ! class2 ! m x h ( rapture 9 its e "p1 ! high] x w be3 or1 x may be plac$ v l[1 because1 = example1 hav+ once admir$ ! ,conception1 ! dream t came to ! au?or f ! o!r _w1 we are =c$ to admit t ! ,/ory or ,plot 0 feebly imag9$1 t ! ,con/ruction 0 clumsily c>ri$ out1 t ! ,/yle is1 /hetically1 non-exi/5t4 ,y w notice t ,i am nev] afraid ( blam+ my fav\rites1 ( f9d+ fault ) ! books :i* ,i mo/ adore4 ,i c d s freely & )\t fe> ( consequ5ces1 s9ce hav+ once appli$ my te/1 & hav+ f\nd t ,pickwick1 = example1 is lit]ature1 ,i am n 9 ! lea/ afraid t ,i %all be compell$ to eat my words if flaws 9 plot & /yle & con/ruction are aft]w>ds made app>5t4 ,! /atue is gold2 we h settl$ t mu*1 & we ne$ n fe> t x w turn into lead1 if we f9d t ! grav+ & c>v+ is poor en\gh4 ,once be sure t y\r temple is a temple1 & ,i w w>rant y aga9/ x be+ sudd5ly transmut$ into a tub1 ?r\gh ! discov]y ( scamp$ workman%ip4 ,well1 suppose we beg9 to apply our analysis4 ,let u take ! /range case ( ,mr ,r4 ,l4 ,/ev5son1 & especially 8 ,jekyll & ,hyde1 :i*1 9 "s ways1 is 8 mo/ *>act]i/ic & mo/ effective book4 ,n[ ,i suppose t in/ruct$ op9ion 7grant+ its exi/5ce7 0 ab\t equally divid$ z to ! class 9 :i* ?is mo/ skilful & /rik+ /ory 0 to be plac$4 ,_m1 ,i h no d\bt1 gave x a v high place 9 ! ranks ( imag9ative lit]ature1 or 7z we %\ld n[ say7 9 ! ranks ( lit]ature2 :ile _m o!r judges set x d[n z an extremely clev] piece ( s5sationalism1 & no?+ m4 ,well1 ,i ?9k bo? ^! op9ions are wrong2 & ,i %\ld be incl9$ to say t ,jekyll & ,hyde j scrapes by ! sk9 ( its tee?1 z x 71 into ! %elves ( lit]ature1 & no m4 ,on ! surface x w\ld seem to be m]ely s5sationalism2 ,i expect t :5 y read x1 y did s ) brea?less absorption1 hurry+ ov] ! pages 9 y\r eag]ness to f9d out ! secret1 & ?is secret once discov]$1 ,i imag9e t ,jekyll & ,hyde retir$ to y\r %elf--& /ays !re1 r du/y4 ,y h nev] op5$ x aga98 ,exactly4 ,i h read x = a second "t1 & ,i 0 a/oni%$ to f9d h[ x _h1 if ,i may say s1 evaporat$4 ,at ! fir/ read+ "o 0 en?rall$ by m]e curiosity1 b :5 once ?is curiosity _h be5 satisfi$ :at rema9$8 ,if ,i may speak f my own exp]i5ce1 simply a r languid admiration ( ! +5uity ( ! plot ) its con/ruction1 comb9$ ) a slight feel+ ( impati5ce1 su* z "o might exp]i5ce if "o 7 ask$ to solve a puzzle = ! second "t4 ,y see t ! secret once disclos$1 all ! /eps :i* lead to ! disclosure become1 ipso facto1 insignificant1 or r !y become no?+ at all1 s9ce _! only significance & _! only exi/5ce lay 9 ! secret1 & :5 ! secret has ceas$ to be a secret1 ! signs & cyph]s ( x fall also into ! _w ( non5tity4 ,y may be amaz$1 & p]plex$1 & entranc$ by a cryptogram1 :ile y are solv+ x1 b ! solution once atta9$1 y\r cryptogram is ei!r no?+ or p]il\sly ne> to no?+ness4 ,well1 all ?is po9ts1 doesn't x1 t[>ds m]e s5sationalism1 v clev]ly done8 ,b1 z ,i said1 ,i ?9k ,jekyll & ,hyde j scrapes ov] ! bord]-l9e & takes its place1 v l[ d[n1 among books t are lit]ature4 ,& ,i base my v]dict solely on ! ,idea1 on ! ,conception t lies1 buri$ r deeply1 b5ea? ! ,plot4 ,! plot1 9 itself1 /rikes me z me*anical--?is actual physical trans=mation1 produc$ by a drug1 l9k$ c]ta9ly ) a !ory ( e?ical *ange1 b n l9k$ at all ) ! really my/]i\s1 ! really psy*ical--all ?is affects me1 ,i say1 z +5i\s me*anism & no?+ m2 :ile ,i h %[n h[ ! con/ruction is +5i\s artifice1 & ! /yle is affect$ by ! same plague ( lab\r$ +5uity4 ,?r\gh\t x is a ?or\ghly consci\s /yle1 & 9 lit]ature all ! highe/ ?+s are unconsci\sly1 or at lea/1 subconsci\sly produc$4 ,x has music1 b x has no "u-music1 & !re are no phrases 9 x t seem veils ( dreams1 e*oes ( ! inexpressive song4 ,x is on ! conception1 !n1 alone1 t ,i ju/ify my inclusion ( ,jekyll among/ works ( art2 = x seems to me t1 lurk+ beh9d ! plot1 we div9e ! pres5ce ( an ,idea1 ( an inspiration4 ,man is n truly "o1 b truly two1 or1 p]haps1 a polity ) _m inhabitants1 ,dr ,jekyll writes 9 8 confession1 & ,i ?9k t ,i see "h a trace t ,mr ,/ev5son _h receiv$ a vision ( ! my/]y ( human nature1 comp\nd$ ( ! du/ & ( ! />s1 ( a dim va/ city1 spl5did & ru9\s z dr[n$ ,atlantis deep b5ea? ! waves1 ( a haunt$ quire :]e a flick]+ light burns be=e ! ,veil4 ,?is1 ,i believe1 0 ! vision t came to ! arti/1 b ! admirable artific] seiz$ hold ( x at once & made x all 8 own1 omitt+ :at he did n und]/&1 translat+ r\ghly f ! unkn[n tongue1 mat]ialis+1 co>s5+1 h>d5+4 ,don't y see h[ ?or\ghly physical ! actual plot is1 & if "o escapes = a mom5t f ! atmosph]e ( ! laboratory x is only to be confront$ by ! mo/ obvi\s ve9 ( moral allegory2 & f ?is latt] light1 ,jekyll & ,hyde seems almo/ ! vivid metaphor ( a clev] prea*]4 ,y mu/n't imag9e1 y "k1 t ,i condemn ! p[d] bus9ess z bad 9 itself1 = 7let u rev]t = a mom5t to philosophy7 man is a sacram5t1 s\l manife/$ "u ! =m ( body1 & art has to deal ) ea* & bo? & to %[ _! int]action & int]dep5d5ce4 ,! mo/ p]fect =m ( lit]ature is1 no d\bt1 lyrical poetry :i* is1 "o might say1 almo/ pure ,idea1 art ) sc>cely an alloy ( artifice1 express$ 9 magic words1 9 ! voice ( music4 ,9 a ^w1 a p]fect lyric1 su* z ,keats's ,belle ,dame ,sans ,m]cy is almo/ pure s\l1 a _s ) ! lum9\s body ( melody4 ,b 79 our age1 at all ev5ts7 a prose romance mu/ put on a gross] & m mat]ial envelope ?an ?is1 x mu/ h incid5t1 corporeity1 relation to mat]ial ?+s1 & all ^! w occupy a consid]able "p ( ! :ole4 ,to a c]ta9 ext5t1 !n1 ! ,idea mu/ be mat]ialis$1 b /ill x mu/ always %9e ?r\gh ! fle%ly ve/m5t2 ! body mu/ nev] be m]e body b always ! body ( ! _s1 exi/+ to conceal & yet to manife/ ! _s2 & "h x seems to me t ,mr ,/ev5son's /ory breaks d[n4 ,! trans=mation ( ,jekyll into ,hyde is solely mat]ial1 z y read x1 )\t arti/ic significance2 x is simply an a/\nd+ incid5t1 & n an outw>d sign ( an inw>d my/]y4 ,z = ! possible allegory ,i h too mu* respect = ,mr ,/ev5son z an artific] to ?9k t he w\ld reg>d ?is elem5t z any?+ b a v grave defect4 ,allegory1 z ,poe s well obs]v$1 is always a lit]>y vice1 & we are only able to enjoy ! ,pilgrim's ,progress by =gett+ t ! allegory exi/s4 ,yes1 t seems to me ! vitium ( ,jekyll & ,hyde3 ! conception has be5 badly realis$1 & by badly ,i d n mean clumsily1 because f ! logical1 lit]al /&po9t1 ! plot & ! con/ruction are m>vels ( clev]ness2 b ,i mean in>ti/ically3 ec/asy1 :i* z we h settl$ is ! synonym ( art1 gave bir? to ! idea1 b imm$iately ab&on$ x to artifice1 & to artifice only1 in/ead ( presid+ ov] & inspir+ e fur!r /ep 9 plot1 9 con/ruction1 & 9 /yle4 ,all ?is may seem to y v f9e-drawn & ov]-subtle1 b ,i am conv9c$ t x is ! true acc\nt ( ! matt]1 & p]haps y may realise my !ory bett] if ,i draw out t analogy ( translation :i* ,i sugge/$1 ,i ?9k1 a few m9utes ago4 ,i 0 pass+ along ,new ,ox=d ,/reet ! o!r day1 & ,i happ5$ to look into a %op :i* displays ,bibles 9 all languages1 & ,i glanc$ at ! ,fr5* v]sion1 op5 at ! sev5? *apt] ( ! ,book ( ,prov]bs4 ,i saw ! words un jeune homme dp\rvu de bon s5s1 & !n1 l[] d[n1 comme un buf la b\*]ie1 & x 0 "s consid]able "t be=e ,i realis$ t ^! phrases translat$1 a "y man void ( und]/&+1 & z an ox goe? to ! slaught]4 ,n[ y notice t ^! are 9 e way commonplace examples2 !re is no?+ extraord9>ily poetical 9 ei!r phrase z x /&s 9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion4 ,i might h made ! contra/ mu* m viol5t by *oos+ a passage f ! ,song ( ,songs or ,ecclesia/es2 & ,i wond] h[ ,!re=e ) ,angels & ,ar*angels w\ld g into ,fr5*4 ,b isn't ! gulf a/\nd+ betwe5 void ( und]/&+ & dp\rvu de bon s5s8 ,yet ! mean+ ( ! ,fr5* is really ! same z ! mean+ ( ! ,engli%2 logically1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 ! two phrases are exactly equival5t4 ,& yet 444 well1 we "k p]fectly well t dp\rvu de bon s5s 9 no way r5d]s t noble & au/]e simplicity t we rev]5ce 9 ! ,engli% text4 ,n[1 ,i ?9k1 y ought to see :at ,i h be5 try+ to express ab\t ! gulf t may op5 always betwe5 ! conception & ! plot1 or /ory1 t does divide ! conception f ! plot ( ,jekyll & ,hyde4 ,( c\rse ! analogy is n p]fect1 because ! magnum *aos t yawns betwe5 ! un=mulat$ ,idea & ! =mulat$ plot1 betwe5 pure ec/asy & ec/asy plus artifice1 is mu* va/] ?an ! di/9ction betwe5 ,engli% & ,fr5*1 inde$ betwe5 ! two =m] !re is almo/ or altoge!r ! diff]5ce ( ! inf9ite & ! f9ite1 ( s\l & body2 /ill1 y see h[ a book is a r5d]+1 a translation ( an ,idea1 & h[ a v f9e idea may be embodi$ 9 a v me*anical plot4 ,y rememb] ! ,sociali/ & ,b>oness novel t we 7 talk+ ab\t ! o!r night4 ,we plac$ x outside ( lit]ature fir/ly & *iefly because x 0 n bas$ on ec/asy1 on an idea ( any k9d1 & secondly1 & by way ( consequ5ce1 because 9 its execution & detail x 0 s ?or\ghly insignificant1 because x play$ ,hamlet ) ! "p ( ! ,pr9ce omitt$4 ,n[ ,i ?9k t x is /rong evid5ce ( ! s\ndness ( my lit]>y !ory t we are enabl$ by x to take two books s utt]ly dissimil> 9 mann] & me?od1 9 /ory & treatm5t1 & to judge !m bo? by ! same scale4 ,= ?is is :at x really comes to3 we say t ! ,tragic ,com$ians is n lit]ature because x simply tells ( facts )\t _! significance1 because x deals ) ! outw>d %[ & n ) ! inw>d _s1 because x is accid5tal & n ess5tial4 ,& 9 j ! same way we say t ,jekyll & ,hyde 7its conception ap>t7 is n lit]ature inasmu* z x too has ! body ( a /ory )\t ! s\l ( a /ory1 ! incid5t1 ! fact1 )\t ! inw>d ?+ ( :i* ! fact is a symbol4 ,= if y w consid] ! matt] y w see t a fact qua fact has no exi/5ce 9 art at all4 ,x is n ! pa9t]'s bus9ess to make u a lik5ess ( a tree or a rock2 x is 8 bus9ess to communicate to u an emotion--an ec/asy1 if y please--& t he may d s he uses a tree or a rock z a symbol1 a ^w 9 8 language ( col\r & =m4 ,x is n ! bus9ess ( ! sculptor to *isel lik5esses ( m5 9 m>ble2 ! human =m is to him also a symbol :i* /&s = an idea4 ,9 ! same mann] x is n ! bus9ess ( ! lit]>y arti/ to describe facts--real or imag9>y--9 words3 he is possess$ ) an idea :i* he symbolises by incid5t1 by a /ory ( m5 & wom5 & ?+s4 ,he is possess$1 let u say1 by ! idea ( ,love3 !n he mu/ write a /ory ( lov]s1 b he mu/ nev] =get t ,a4 & ,b41 8 actual lov]s 9 ! tale1 ) _! social positions1 _! :ims & fancies1 _! say+s & do+s are only ( consequ5ce 9 ! degree t !y symbolise ! univ]sal human passion1 :i* 9 its turn is a copy ( c]ta9 et]nal & ineffable ?+s4 ,if ,a4 & ,b4 d n d ?is !n !y are no?+1 & worse ?an no?+1 s f> z art is conc]n$4 ,b my tree is l a tree1 says ! dull pa9t]1 & my anatomy is faultless1 says ! bad sculptor1 & my *>act]s are life-l1 says ! noveli/4 ,& "o c apply exactly ! same reason+ to ,mr ,/ev5son's +5i\s /ory4 ,i d n "k :e!r !re is1 or has be51 or w be a salt 9 exi/5ce :i* c turn a man into ano!r p]son2 t is ( n ! slighte/ consequ5ce to ! argum5t4 ,! result ( ! p[d]1 z x is describ$ 9 ! book1 is an incid5t1 & x makes no diff]5ce to ! critical judgm5t :e!r ! incid5t is true or false1 probable or improbable4 ,! only po9t1 absolutely ! only po9t is ?is3 is ! incid5t significant or insignificant1 is x relat$ = its own sake1 or is x posit$ because x is a sign1 a symbol1 a ^w :i* veils & reveals ! arti/'s ec/asy & inspiration8 ,! sociali/ fell 9 love ) ! b>oness3 x is true1 y say1 x really happ5$ s 9 ,g]many "s tw5ty-five ye>s ago4 ,b 9 ! book x is insignificant4 ,! doctor took ! p[d] & became ano!r man2 x is probably untrue4 ,b x is also insignificant2 & to ! critic ( art 9 lit]ature ! "o incid5t /&s precisely on ! same foot+ z ! o!r4 ,&1 d y "k1 ,i am glad ,i h made ?is comp>ison betwe5 ,jekyll & ,hyde & ! ,tragic ,com$ians1 because x has /ruck me t :at ,i h be5 say+ ab\t ! ess5tial elem5t ( all lit]ature might be op5 to v grave misund]/&+4 ,i h be5 insi/+1 ) reit]ation t mu/ h tir$ y1 t !re is only "o te/ by :i* lit]ature may be di/+ui%$ f m]e read+ matt]1 & t t te/ is summ$ up 9 ! ^w1 ec/asy4 ,& !n we admitt$ a :ole /r+ ( synonyms--desire ( ! unkn[n1 s5se ( ! unkn[n1 rapture1 adoration1 my/]y1 wond]1 )drawal f ! common life--& ,i d>esay ,i h us$ _m o!r phrases 9 ! same s5se )\t giv+ y any special w>n+ t x 0 our old fri5d aga9 9 a new guise4 ,b x has j occurr$ to me t ) all ?is weal? ( synonyms1 ,i may n h made my mean+ p]fectly cle>4 ,= example1 :ile ,i 0 lay+ d[n ! law ab\t ,dr ,jekyll's p[d] & its effects1 y might h int]rupt$ me ) ! rem>k3 ,b ,i ?\ght y said ! s5se ( wond] 0 *>act]i/ic ( lit]ature2 & surely ! *ange f ,jekyll into ,hyde is extremely wond]ful4 ,or aga91 :5 ,i 0 belaud+ ! ,odyssey1 dwell+ on ! voyage ( ,ulysses among/ /range peoples1 y might h put 9 "s mod]n tale ( /range adv5ture1 & reque/$ me to di/+ui% betwe5 ! two1 to ju/ify my praise ( ! old1 & rejection ( ! new4 ,& we h m5tion$ ,sunday-s*ool books1 always1 ,i ?9k1 ) a c]ta9 nuance ( contempt2 b ,sunday-s*ool books usually deal ) religion1 & religion & adoration are almo/ synonym\s4 ,& s "o c\ld g on ) ! li/1 mak+ out1 on our premises1 ) our own te/1 a plausible case = books :i* we "k v well are nei!r lit]ature nor any?+ remotely approa*+ x4 ,& t w\ld look r l ! collapse ( our lit]>y case1 w\ldn't x8 ,well1 ! solution ( ! difficulty seems to me to be s\ght = 9 ! rem>ks ,i 0 mak+ j n[ ab\t facts 9 art4 ,i said1 y rememb]1 t 9 art1 facts z facts h no exi/5ce at all4 ,facts1 incid5ts1 plots1 simply =m ! arti/ic spee*--its mode ( expression1 or m$ium--& if !re is no idea beh9d ! facts1 !n y h no long] language b gibb]i%4 ,j z language is made up ( ! lett]s ( ! alphabet1 arrang$ 9 significant words & s5t5ces2 s is ! arti/ic language made up ( plots1 incid5ts1 s5t5ces :i* are in=m$ ) significance4 ,if ,i heap up lett]s ( ! alphabet1 & arrange !m 9 an arbitr>y collocation1 )\t mean+1 ,i am =m+ gibb]i%1 & n a language2 & s if ,i pepp] my pages ) extraord9>y incid5ts1 )\t atta*+ to !m any significance1 ,i am writ+1 x may be1 an excit+1 absorb+1 int]e/+ book1 b ,i am n mak+ lit]ature4 ,inde$1 "s ( ! books t might be m5tion$ 9 ?is connection rem9d me ( a man swe>+3 he uses ! holie/ names b he does s 9 su* a mann] t he excites n rev]5ce & awe b disgu/ & repulsion4 ,tell ! b>e plot ( ! ,odyssey to "o ( ^! writ]s1 & h9t t x might be made into a successful ,*ri/mas book = boys1 & he w produce y a book :i* w conta9 ! ,lotus-,eat]s1 & ,calypso & ! ,cyclops1 b :i* w h j ! same relation to lit]ature z blasphemy be>s to ! ,liturgy4 ,t seems to me ! explanation2 "o mu/ say aga9 t m]e incid5t is no?+1 t x only becomes some?+ :5 x is a symbol ( an int]ior mean+4 ,&1 turn+ ?is maxim inside out1 z x 71 we %all sometimes f9d t a book :i* seems on ! surface to be read+ matt] is really lit]ature1 & incid5ts1 app>5tly insignificant1 may turn out1 on a clos] exam9ation1 to be significant & symbolic 9 a v high degree4 ,s ,i don't ?9k our lit]>y crit]ion is 9 any way invalidat$ by ! occurr5ce ( surpris+ incid5ts 9 v wor?less books4 ,look at ,mr ,isaacs = example4 ,9 a s5se x is a wond]ful book1 inasmu* z x conta9s incid5ts :i* are f> remov$ f common exp]i5ce2 b y h only to read x to discov] t ! au?or _h n be5 visit$ by any inspiration ( ! unse54 ,"o may trace "s acqua9tance ) !osophical lit]ature1 b n ev5 ! dimme/ vision ( ! o!r ?+s4 ,! o!r ?+s8 ,ah1 t is ano!r synonym1 b :o c furni% a precise def9ition ( ! indef9able8 ,!y are sometimes 9 ! song ( a bird1 sometimes 9 ! sc5t ( a fl[]1 sometimes 9 ! :irl ( a ,london /reet1 sometimes hidd5 "u a great lonely hill4 ,"s ( u seek !m ) mo/ hope & ! fulle/ assurance 9 ! sacr+ ( ! ,mass1 o!rs receive tid+s ?r\gh ! s\nd ( music1 9 ! col\r ( a picture1 9 ! %9+ =m ( a /atue1 9 ! m$itation ( et]nal tru?4 ,d y "k t ,i c nev] he> a jangl+ piano-organ1 cont5d+ ) ! ro> ( traffic )\t ! te>s--n ( feel+ b ( emotion--com+ to my eyes8 ,& t in/ance--x is grotesque en\gh--rem9ds me t ,i ?9k ,i h an explanation ( ano!r puzzle t has (t5 p]plex$ me1 & ,i d>esay has p]plex$ y4 ,d y rememb] ! books t y read :5 y 7 a boy8 ,i c ?9k ( /ories t ,i read long ago 7,i h =gott5 ! v names ( !m7 t fill$ me ) emotions t ,i recognis$1 aft]w>ds1 z purely arti/ic4 ,! sorrie/ pirate1 ! mo/ wret*$ly conceal$ treasure1 poor ,capta9 ,mayne ,reid at 8 bolde/ gave me !n ! s5sations t ,i n[ se>* = 9 ! ,odyssey or 9 ! ?\ght ( x2 & ,i look$ into "s ( ^! %abby old tales ye>s aft]w>ds1 & wond]$ h[ on e>? ,i _h manag$ to p5etrate into fary l&s =lorn ?r\gh su* mis]able /ucco portals4 ,& y1 y say1 extract$ someh[ or o!r1 f ,h>rison ,a9swor?'s ,lanca%ire ,wit*es1 t ess5ce ( ! unkn[n t y n[ f9d 9 ,poe1 & ,i expect t ev]ybody :o loves lit]ature c\ld ga!r simil> recollections4 ,well1 x w\ld be easy en\gh to solve ! problem by say+ t ! emotions ( *ildr5 are ( no consequ5ce & don't c\nt1 b !n ,i don't ?9k t proposition is true4 ,i ?9k1 on ! contr>y1 t *ildr51 especially "y *ildr5 be=e !y h be5 defil$ by ! horrors ( education1 possess ! arti/ic emotion 9 rem>kable purity1 t !y reproduce1 9 a measure1 ! primitive man be=e he 0 defil$1 arti/ically1 by ! horrors ( civilisation4 ,! ec/asy ( ! arti/ is b a recollection1 a remnant f ! *ildi% vision1 & ! *ild und\bt$ly looks at ! _w ?r\gh magic casem5ts4 ,b y see all ?is is unconsci\s1 or subconsci\s 7to a less degree x is s 9 lat] life1 & arti/s are r>e simply because x is _! almo/ impossible task to translate ! emotion ( ! sub-consci\sness into ! spee* ( consci\sness71 & z y may sometimes see *ildr5 utt]+ _! conceptions 9 words t are nons5se1 or next door to x1 s nons5se or at any rate v poor /uff suffices ) !m to summon up ! vision f ! dep?s ( ! s\l4 ,suppose we c\ld cat* a g5ius at ! age ( n9e or t5 & reque/ him to utt] :at he felt2 ! boy w\ld speak or write rubbi%1 & 9 ! same way y w\ld f9d t he read rubbi%1 & t x excit$ 9 him an ineffable joy & ec/asy4 ,col]idge 0 a ,bluecoat boy :5 he read ! poems ( ,william ,lisle ,b[les1 & admir$ !m to en?usiasm1 & ,i am q sure t at "s e>ly p]iod ,poe _h be5 enraptur$ by ,mrs ,radcliffe1 & we "k h[ ,burns f\nd$ himself on ,f]gusson4 ,:5 m5 are "y1 ! inw>d ec/asy1 ! r$ p[d] ( projection is ( su* efficacy & virtue t ! grosse/ & vile/ matt] is transmut$ = !m into pure gold1 gli/]+ & glori\s z ! sun4 ,! *ild 7& ) him y may l9k all primitive & *ildlike p7 approa*es books & pictures j z he approa*es nature itself & life2 & a wond]ful vision appe>s :]e _m ( u c only see ! common & insignificant4 ,b all ?is has be5 a digression2 x has come by ! way 9 a talk ab\t wor?less & insignificant books4 ,b ,i ?9k t we %\ld by ?is "t h br\ght our te/+ app>atus into work+ ord]2 we %\ld be able to criticise any giv5 book on "s gr\nd or pr9ciple1 n on ! rule ( ?umb ( x s5t me to sleep1 or x kept me awake4 ,& ,i ?9k t :at ,i h already rem>k$ ab\t ! subconsci\s elem5t 9 lit]ature %\ld h answ]$ t "q ab\t books ) a purpose4 ,z a matt] ( fact ,i believe t !y are mo/ly tra%1 b x is n a case = priori reason+2 y mu/ te/ ea* book by itself4 ,mr ,/ev5son 01 ,i believe1 an arti/ at he>t1 b we h se5 h[ ! artific] ov]came ! arti/ 9 ,jekyll & ,hyde1 & 9 l mann] !re h be5 cases ( p :o 7 artific]s1 & ev5 prea*]s1 at he>t1 :o 7 =c$ to succumb to ! conceal$1 subconsci\s arti/1 :5 p5 t\*$ pap]4 ,= example2 fir/ logically analyze ,lycidas2 y w be disgu/$ j z ,dr ,johnson1 :o _h no analysis b ! logical1 0 disgu/$4 ,=get y\r logic1 y\r common-s5se1 & read x aga9 z poetry2 y w ackn[l$ge ! pres5ce ( an amaz+ ma/]piece4 ,an unimportant lam5t ov] an unimportant p]sonage1 con/ruct$ on an affect$ pseudo-pa/oral plan1 full ( acrid1 ,puritanical declamation & abuse1 wantonly absurd ) its mixture ( ! nymphs & ,/ ,pet]2 x is n only wret*$ 9 plan b clumsy 9 con/ruction1 ! artifice is atroci\s4 ,& x is also p]fect beauty6 ,x is ! v s\l set to music2 its au/]e & exquisite rapture ?rills "o s t ,i c\ld almo/ say3 he :o und]/&s ! my/]y & ! beauty ( ,lycidas und]/&s also ! f9al & et]nal secret ( art & life & man4 ,,iv ,d y "k t :5 we la/ talk$ belles lettres ! :ole ev5+ w5t by 7or at lea/ ,i ?9k s7 )\t my say+ any?+ ab\t ,pickwick8 ,i hope y not$ ! omission 9 y\r di>y1 if y keep "o1 because ,i f9d x difficult to talk mu* ab\t lit]ature1 )\t draw+ "s illu/ration f t v notable1 & curi\s1 & unappreciat$ book4 ,yes1 ,i ma9ta9 ! ju/ice ( ! la/ epi!t 9 spite ( circulation1 9 spite ( popul>ity1 & 9 spite ( ,pickwick 'lit]ature4' ,y may l a book v mu* & read x ?ree times a ye> )\t appreciat+ x1 & if a great book is really popul> x is sure to owe its popul>ity to entirely wrong reasons4 ,!re are p1 y "k1 :o /udy ,hom] e day1 because he ?r[s s mu* light on ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! anci5ts1 & if a book ( our own "t is bo? great & popul>1 y may be sure t x is lov$ = its mo/ peccant p>ts1 j z n9e p out ( t5 w recall ! ,rav5 & ! ,bells if ! poetry ( ,edg> ,allan ,poe is m5tion$4 ,aft] all1 ,i ne$n't h excus$ myself = my con/ant ref]5ces to ,dick5s's ma/]piece1 s9ce ,i h already in=m$ y t1 l ,col]idge1 ,i love a cyclical mode ( disc\rs+2 & ,i hone/ly ?9k t if y want to und]/& some?+ ab\t ! ,my/]ies or ! ,f9e ,arts 7:i* are ! expression ( ! my/]ies7 x is ! only way4 ,a proposition 9 ,euclid is demon/rat$ & done )1 s9ce no?+ c be add$ to a ma!matical pro(2 b lit]ature is diff]5t4 ,x is _m-sid$ & _m-col\r$1 & v>iable always2 y c consid] x 9 half-a-doz5 ways1 f half-a-doz5 /&po9ts1 & f half-a-doz5 judgm5ts1 ea* ( :i* w be true & p]fect 9 itself1 & yet ea* w supplem5t ! o!r4 ,two or ?ree weeks ago ,i ?9k ,i tri$ to %[ y :at a complex organism any giv5 book reveals1 if "o exam9es x ) a little att5tion1 & if "o specim5 be s curi\sly & intricately fa%ion$1 y may imag9e ! complexity ( ! :ole subject4 ,b ,i h a m p>ticul> reason = turn+ once m to ! ,po/hum\s ,pap]s4 ,we h not$ t t :i* at fir/ sight seems significant1 may turn out to be insignificant1 & ,i ?9k t 9 pass+ ,i h9t$ t ! rev]se 0 sometimes ! case4 ,v good2 & ! especial in/ance t is 9 my m9d is ! enorm\s capacity = /rong dr9k exhibit$ by ,mr ,pickwick & all 8 fri5ds & associates4 ,( c\rse y've notic$ x2 p]haps y h ?\ght x a nuisance & a blemi% f ! arti/ic /&po9t1 j z _m good p h f\nd x a nuisance & a blemi% f ! temp]ance or teetotal /&po9t4 ,y may h felt q c]ta9 t a set ( m5 :o 7 always dr9k+ br&y & wat]1 & /rong ale1 & milk-pun*1 & madeira1 :o con/antly drank a great deal too mu* ( ea* & all ( ^! ?+s1 w\ld be extremely unpleasant companions 9 private life2 ,i d>esay y h be5 ?ankful t y nev] knew ,mr ,pickwick or any ( 8 foll[]s4 ,y "k1 ,i expect1 by p]sonal exp]i5ce1 t a man ^: daily life is a pilgrimage f "o :iskey b> to ano!r is1 9 mo/ cases1 an extremely t$i\s & unpr(itable companion2 & x is und5iable t ! ,pickwickians r made opportunities = br&y & wat] ?an avoid$ !m4 ,& 9 an indirect mann]1 y feel t all ?is makes y l ! book less4 ,b 7,i c no m miss an opportunity ( digression ?an ,mr ,pickwick c\ld keep on ! coa* if !re 7 a *ance ( dr9k+ 8 fav\rite bev]age7 d y "k t !re are really p :o make _! lik+ or dislik+ ( ! *>act]s ! crit]ion ( lit]ature--( romances1 ,i mean8 ,we t\*$ on ?is "s "t ago1 & ,i rememb] say+ t 9 ! case ( su* second>y books z ,jane ,au/5's & ,?ack]ay's1 x 0 p]missible en\gh to g :]e "o 0 be/ amus$1 t "o _h a "r to say1 ,yes1 ! artifice may be ! bett] "h1 b ! *>act]s are mu* m amus+ !re1 & ,i _h r talk to ! cosmopolitan ^: mann]s are n[ & !n a little to seek1 ?an to ! maid5 lady 9 ! village1 ^: decorum is s unexceptionable4 ,b ,i confess t at ! "t x _h n dawn$ ^u me t !re are p :o try to judge f9e art--! true lit]ature--on ! same gr\nds4 ,i believe1 h[ev]1 t su* is ! case2 ,i believe1 inde$1 t ! egregi\s ,m4 ,voltaire 0 dimly mov$ by "s su* feel+ :5 he wrote 8 fam\s criticism ( ! prophet ,habakkuk4 ,:at 7he mu/ h said to himself7 w\ld !y ?9k 9 ! salons ( a man :o talk$ l ?is3-- ,& ! ev]la/+ m\nta9s 7 scatt]$1 ,! p]petual hills did b[3 ,8 ways are ev]la/+8 ,evid5tly ,habakkuk c\ld nev] hope = a second invitation2 & !re=e he wrote rubbi%4 ,& ,i believe1 z ,i said1 t !re are _m p :o m or less unconsci\sly judge lit]ature by ?is measure1 by ask+1 ,w\ld ^! p be pleasant to meet8 w\ld "o l to he> ?is k9d ( ?+ 9 "o's draw+-room8 ,& ?is is well en\gh ) second>y books1 s9ce !y conta9 no?+ b *>act]s1 & incid5ts1 & sc5es1 & facts2 b x is by no means well 9 lit]ature1 9 :i*1 z we f\nd out1 all ^! ?+s are symbols1 words ( a language1 us$1 n = !mselves1 b because !y are significant4 ,rememb] our old def9ition--ec/asy1 ! )drawal1 ! /&+ ap>t f common life--& y w see t we may almo/ rev]se ?is popul> me?od ( judgm5t1 & turn x into ano!r te/1 or r ano!r way ( putt+ ! te/1 ( art4 ,=1 if lit]ature be a k9d ( )drawal f ! common atmosph]e ( life1 we %all naturally expect to f9d its utt]ance1 bo? 9 matt] & mann]1 :olly unsuitable = ! draw+-room or ! /reet1 & its *>act]s p]sons :om we _c imag9e ourselves associat+ ) on pleasant or com=table t]ms4 ,nei!r y nor ,i w\ld be v happy on ,ulysses's boat1 we %\ld soon become irritat$ ) ,don ,quixote1 we %\ld h>dly feel at home ) ,sir ,galahad4 ,x is true t all ! good !re is 9 m5 is ?is--t at r>e int]vals1 9 c]ta9 lonely mom5ts ( exaltation !y d feel = ! "t a fa9t /irr+ ( ! beautiful )9 !m1 & !n !y w\ld adv5ture on ! ,que/ ( ! ,graal2 b z y "k few ( u are sa9ts1 few]1 p]haps1 are m5 ( g5ius2 we are sunk = ! mo/ "p ( our days 9 ! common life1 & our c>e is = ! body & = ! ?+s ( ! body1 = ! /reet & ! draw+-room1 & n = ! p]petual1 solit>y hills4 ,s y see t if y read a book & c say ( ! *>act]s 9 x3 ,i wi% ,i knew !m1 !re is v /rong reason to suspect t ! book 9 "q is n lit]ature1 ?\gh x may well be a pleasant picture ( pleasant p4 ,yes1 ,i 0 expect+ t "q4 ,i %\ld h be5 sorry if y\r s5se ( hum\r _h n prompt$ y to ask :e!r ! dr9k+ ( too mu* milk-pun* con/itut$ a )drawal f ! common life1 a pr(\nd & lonely ec/asy4 ,b don't y rememb] t :5 we 7 discuss+ ,pickwick be=e1 & comp>+ x ) ! ,odyssey1 ,i sudd5ly des]t$ ,hom]1 & br\ght 9 ,sophocles8 ,i ?9k ,i contra/$1 v briefly1 ! education ( ! dramati/ ) ! education ( ! romance writ]1 ! ,london ( ! 'tw5ties & '?irties ) ! city ( ! ,violet ,cr[n1 ! fate ( him1 ) t ( ! o!r :o tri$ to f9d ! way ?r\gh ! evil & hide\s ,london fog4 ,well1 y might h be5 incl9$ to ask1 :y ,sophocles8 ,b d y rememb] = ^: fe/ivals1 9 ^: hon\r ! ,greek wrote 8 dramas & 8 *oral songs8 ,x 0 ! god ( w9e :o 0 wor%ipp$ & invok$ at ! ,dionysiaca1 9 ! praise ( ,dionysus ! *orus sang & danc$ ab\t ! alt>1 & all ! drama arose f ! celebration ( ! ,bac*ic my/]ies4 ,s y get1 ,i ?9k1 a pretty fair proportion3 z ! ,a!ns ( ,sophocles is to ! ,cockneydom ( ,dick5s1 s is ! cult ( ,dionysus to ! cult ( cold pun* & br&y & wat]4 ,! int]ior mean+ is 9 ea* case ! same2 ! arti/ic expression has lam5tably det]iorat$1 9 ! degree t ! arti/ic atmosph]e on ! banks ( ,fleet ,dit*1 ! "m ( dead dogs1 0 inf]ior to ! arti/ic atmosph]e on ! banks ( ! ,ilissus4 ,i expect y h ga!r$ f all ?is talk ! po9t ,i want to make3 t ! br&y & wat] & pun* bus9ess 9 ,pickwick1 :i* at fir/ sight seems trivial & insignificant & ev5 disgu/+1 is1 9 fact1 full ( ! highe/ significance4 ,don't y notice ! insi/5ce ) :i* ! writ] dwells on dr9k+1 ! unction & en?usiasm ) :i* he describes x8 ,we h admitt$ ! pov]ty ( ! mat]ials ) :i* ,dick5s works1 & ( c\rse x w\ld be z idle to expect him to write a *oral song 9 hon\r ( ,dionysus z x w\ld be to expect him to write 9 ,greek4 ,he express$ himself z be/ he c\ld1 9 ! language 7t is ) ! incid5ts & 9 ! atmosph]e7 t he knew1 b !re c be no possible d\bt z to 8 mean+4 ,9 a ^w1 ,i absolutely id5tify ! br&y & wat] sc5es ) ! ,bac*ic cultus & all t x implies4 ,?is is a little too mu* = y is x8 ,well1 let u take ano!r well-kn[n book1 ! ,g>gantua & ,pantagruel4 ,y "k x well1 & ,i h only to rem9d y ( ! "n to rem9d y t z ,pickwick has be5 said to reek ) br&y & wat]1 s does ,rabelais assur$ly reek ( w9e4 ,! hi/ory beg9s3-- ,gr&g\si] e/oit bon raill>d en son temps1 aimant boire net1 x ends ) ! ,oracle ( ! ,holy ,bottle1 ) ! ^w ,tr9* 444 un mot panomphe1 celebr et ent5du de t\tes nations1 et n\s signifie1 beuvez2 & ,i ref] y to ! allocution ( ,bacbuc1 ! prie/ess ( ! ,bottle1 at l>ge4 ,by w9e1 %e says1 is man made div9e1 & ,i may say t if y h n got ! key to ^! ,rabelaisian riddles mu* ( ! value--! highe/ value--( ! book is lo/ to y4 ,y "k h[ !y dr9k1 ^? /range figures1 ! giants & _! foll[]s1 y "k ! aroma ( ! v9tage1 ! od\r ( ! w9e vat t fills all ^? m>vell\s & enigmatic pages1 & ,i tell y t "h aga9 ,i recognise ! same signs z 9 ,pickwick1 ! same music z t ( ! di?yrambic *oruses 9 hon\r ( ,dionysus1 :i* 7 ev5tually amplifi$ into t magnific5t lit]>y product1 ! ,greek drama4 ,& if we wi% to p5etrate ! secret we mu/ n =get ! ,hebrew psalmi/1 ) 8 calix meus inebrians quam prcl>us e/4 ,& rememb]1 too1 if y feel incl9$ to %udd] at ! milk-pun*1 t ! words :i* ,i h j quot$ might be r5d]$1 h[ spl5did is ?is cup ( w9e t makes me drunk6 & we may say t1 9 a mann]1 poor ,dick5s did s r5d] !m1 s9ce1 z ,i h rem9d$ y he belong$1 aft] ! fle%1 to ! ,camd5 ,t[n ( ! 'tw5ties1 & 0 =c$ to use its unbeautiful dialect because he knew no o!r4 ,& aft] all1 !n1 :at does ?is ,bac*ic cultus mean8 ,we h se5 t "u v>i\s disguises ! "o _s appe>$ 9 ,greece1 9 ! ,france ( ! ,r5aissance1 & 9 ,victorian ,engl&1 & t 9 ea* in/ance !re is an app>5t glorification ( drunk5ness4 ,! ,greeks1 inde$1 a sob] p by necessity1 z all ,s\!rn]s are1 imp]sonat$ ! g5ius ( intoxication1 & made excessive dr9k+1 z x w\ld seem1 an elaborate religion1 ) rites & fe/ivals & my/]ies4 ,! ,t\ra9ian1 ^: p]sonal habit 0 t n ( a drunk>d1 b ( a le>n$ physician & re/or] ( anci5t lett]s1 :o probably drank v mu* 9 ! mann] ( ! good cur ,i once knew 7,my ,god6 he said to me1 aft] ! ?ird small glass ( small :ite w9e1 'tis a v]itable debau*671 has1 on ! face ( x1 d$icat$ all 8 enorm\s book to ! same cause1 s t to read ,pantagruel is l walk+ ?r\gh a ,fr5* village 9 ! v9tage season1 :5 ! :ole _w1 z ,zola unpleasantly & na/ily expresses x pue le rais94 ,?irdly1 ,dick5s1 :o lov$ to talk ( concoct+ g9-pun*1 & left x1 :5 concoct$1 to be drunk by 8 gue/s1 %[s u ,mr ,pickwick dead drunk 9 ! :eel-b>r[4 ,&1 = a f9al t\* ( app>5t absurdity1 y rememb] t ! ,dionysus my? repres5ts w9e z a civilis+ influ5ce6 ,y may well ?9k ( ! public-h\se at ! corn]1 & ask y\rself h[ /rong dr9k c contribute to civilisation4 ,well1 t is1 9 v brief outl9e1 ! problem & ! puzzle2 & ,i may say at once t to ! lit]ali/1 ! rationali/1 ! mat]iali/ critic1 ! problem is q insoluble4 ,b to y & me1 :o d n end 9 any k9d ( i/1 ! enigma w n be q s hopeless4 ,let u get back to our maxim t1 9 lit]ature1 facts & incid5ts are n pres5t = _! own sake b z symbols1 z words ( ! language ( art2 x w foll[1 !n1 t ! incid5ts ( ! ,dionysus my?1 ! incid5ts ( ,pantagruel & ,pickwick are n to be tak5 lit]ally1 b symbolically4 ,we are n to conclude t ! ,greeks 7 a race ( drunk>ds1 or t ,rabelais & ,dick5s prea*$ habitual excess 9 dr9k z ! highe/ virtue2 we are to conclude t bo? ! anci5t p & ! mod]n writ]s recognis$ ,ec/asy z ! supreme gift & /ate ( man1 & t !y *ose ! ,v9e & ! juice ( ! ,v9e z ! mo/ beautiful & significant symbol ( t ,p[] :i* )draws a man f ! common life & ! common consci\sness1 & tak+ him f ! du/ ( ! e>?1 sets him 9 high places1 9 ! et]nal _w ( ideas4 ,&1 aft] all1 ,i _c d bett] ?an quote at l5g? ! s]mon ( ,bacbuc1 prie/ess ( ! ,dive ,b\teille4 ,et icy ma9t5ons que non rire1 a9s boire1 e/ le propre de l'homme3 je ne dis boire simplem5t et absolum5t1 c> aussi bi5 boiv5t les be/es3 je dis boire v9 bon et frais4 ,notez1 amis1 que de v91 div9 on devi5t3 et n'y a argum5t tant seur1 ni art de div9ation mo9s fallace4 ,vos academiques l'aff]m5t1 r5dans l'etymologie de v9 lequel ils dis5t en ,grec 1 e/re comme vis1 =ce1 puissance4 ,c> p\voir il a d'emplir l'ame de t\te v]it1 t\t savoir et philosophie4 ,si avez n ce qui e/ en lettres ,ioniques escrit dessus la porte du temple1 v\s avez peu ent5dre qu'en v9 e/ v]it ca*e4 ,y see h[ t passage lights up ! :ole book1 & y see :at ,rabelais meant 9 ! ,prologue to ! fir/ book by t ref]5ce to c]ta9 little boxes su* z we see n[adays 9 apo!c>ies' %ops1 ! :i* boxes are pa9t$ on ! outside ) joy\s & fanta/ic figures 444 b )9 !y hold r>e drugs1 z balm1 amb]gris1 amomum1 musk1 civet1 c]ta9 /ones ( high virtue1 & all mann] ( preci\s ?+s4 ,i d n "k :e!r y h read any ( our ,engli% comm5tators on ,rabelais1 if n1 ,i w\ld n advise y to d s1 unless y take pleasure 9 futility4 ,= in/ance !y take ! passage f ! prologue1 & see+ ! h9t t some?+ is conceal$1 try by "s complicat$ *a9 ( argum5t to %[ t ,rabelais veil$ 8 attacks on ! ,*ur* "u a mask ( wild buffoon]y4 ,( c\rse ! attacks on ! ,*ur* 7! second>y & comp>atively unimportant elem5t 9 ! book1 fairly answ]+ to ! attacks on books ( ,*ivalry 9 ! ,don ,quixote7 are z op5 z any attack c well be1 & anyone :o f9ds a veil drawn betwe5 ,rabelais' dislike = ! cl]gy & 8 expression ( x mu/ h a v s+ul> notion ( :at con/itutes concealm5t1 & a /ill m s+ul> misappreh5sion ( ! motive-=ces :i* make & %ape great books4 ,art1 y may feel q assur$1 proce$s always f love & rapture1 nev] f hatr$ & disda91 & satire ( e k9d qua satire is et]nally condemn$ to t ,geh5na :]e ! pamphlets1 ! lit]ature ( ! subject1 & ! life-l books lie all toge!r4 ,9 ,don ,quixote "o p]ceives t ,c]vantes lov$ ! romances he condemns1 & ! satire is !re=e good-hum\r$1 &1 "o may say1 does 8 book little h>m or none at all2 b ,rabelais _h be5 h>%ly treat$ by ! fri>s1 & 8 consequ5t ill-hum\r1 8 v viol5t abuse are 9 disaccord ) ! et]nal melodies :i* may be disc]n$ 9 ,pantagruel1 not$ !re "u /range symbols4 ,yes1 ! satire 9 ,rabelais is an accid5t1 :i* "o has to accept & to make ! be/ (2 "s ( x is amus+ en\gh1 joy\s & fanta/ic1 l ! apes & owls & antiques t adorn ! little boxes ( ! apo!c>ies1 "s ( x is a little acrid1 z ,i said2 b let u nev] =get t ! ess5ce ( ! book is its spl5did celebration ( ec/asy1 "u ! figure ( ! v9e4 ,y "k ,i h n op5$ ! door2 ,i h only put ! key into y\r h&s1 9 ?is z 9 o!r in/ances4 ,!re are ?+s1 :i*1 /range to say1 are bett] left unsaid1 & ?is1 no d\bt1 ,rabelais p]ceiv$ :5 he devis$ 8 symbolism & set _m traps 9 ! pa?s ( ! %all[ comm5tator4 ,x 0 n f dread ( ! consequ5ces ( attack+ ! cl]gy t he devis$ curi\s veils & concealm5ts1 s9ce1 z ,i h not$1 8 hatr$ ( ! *ur* is q op5 & unconceal$4 ,he *ose ! me?od ( symbolism1 fir/ly because he 0 an arti/1 & symbolism is ! spee* ( art2 & secondly because ! high tru? t he prophesi$ 0 n1 & is n1 fit = vulg> e>s4 ,! secret places ( ! human nature are n he$lessly to be expos$ to ! un9itiat$1 :o w\ld m]ely pr(ane ?is occult k if !y _h x4 ,by consequ5ce ! ,complete ,works ( ,rabelais are obta9able 9 ,holywell ,/reet1 & _m1 seek+ ! libid9\s1 h f\nd m]ely ! tiresome1 & h curs$ _! b>ga94 ,no1 ,i w positively say no m4 ,! key is 9 y\r h&s1 & ) x y may op5 :at *amb]s y c4 ,!re is only ?is to be m5tion$3 t1 if ,i 7 y1 ,i w\ld n be afraid ) any amazem5t %\ld ,mr ,pickwick's ov]dose ( milk pun* prove1 ultimately1 a clue to ! labyr9? ( my/ic !ology4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "o or two m9or po9ts 9 ,rabelais t may be wor? notice4 ,i might1 y "k1 analyze x z ,i attempt$ to analyze ,don ,quixote4 ,!re is 9 ,g>gantua & ,pantagruel t same complexity ( ?\ght & con/ruction3 y may note1 fir/ ( all1 ! great ess5ce :i* is common to ^! ma/]pieces z to all lit]ature--ec/asy1 express$ 9 ! "o case "u ! similitude ( knight-errantry1 9 ! o!r by ! symbol ( ! v9e4 ,!n1 9 ,rabelais y h ano!r symbolism ( ec/asy--! %ape ( gaulois]ie1 ( gross1 exub]ant gaiety1 express+ itself by outrage\s tales1 outrage\s words1 by a v cat>act ( obsc5ity1 if y please1 if only y w notice h[ ! obsc5ity ( ,rabelais transc5ds ! obsc5ity ( common life2 h[ grossness is p\r$ out 9 a sort ( mad torr5t1 9 a fr5zy1 a v passion ( ! unspeakable4 ,!n1 ?irdly1 !re is ! impression "o collects f ! book3 a transfigur$ picture ( t wond]ful age3 !re is ! note ( ! va/1 int]m9able argum5t ( ! s*ools1 & = a respond1 ! cle>1 en*ant$ voice ( ,plato2 !re is ! vision1 !re is ! my/]y ( ! va/1 f>-lift$ ,go?ic quire2 & ^? fair1 ornate1 & smil+ *teaux rise smil+ f ! ri* banks ( ! ,loire & ! ,vi5ne4 ,! old tales told 9 f>mh\se kit*5s 9 ! ,*9onnais1 ! exultation ( ! new le>n+1 ( lo/ beauty recov]$1 ! joy ( ! v9tage1 ! old leg5ds1 ! anci5t turns ( spee*1 ! new /yle & mann] ( speak+3 s to ! old _w answ]s ! new4 ,!n "o has ! satire ( cl]gy & lawy]s--! criticism ( life--analog\s1 z ,i said ) mu* t is 9 ,c]vantes1 & s f div]s elem5ts y see h[ a lit]>y ma/]piece is made into a :ole4 ,b n[1 d y "k1 ,i am go+ to make a confession4 ,y h he>d me say m ?an once t 9 art1 9 lit]ature prop]ly s call$1 lik+ & dislik+ c\nt = no?+4 ,we h und]/ood1 ,i ?9k1 t :5 once amus+ read+ matt] has be5 put out ( c\rt1 ! "q ( h[ (t51 ) :at absorption "o reads a "w ( art1 matt]s no?+4 ,well1 ,i want to contradict1 or r to modify t axiom2 we h be5 speak+ ( ?ree great books1 ea* ( :i* ,i believe firmly to be true lit]ature--,pickwick1 ,don ,quixote1 & ,pantagruel4 ,"h is my confession4 ,i read ,pickwick1 say1 once a ye>1 ,don ,quixote1 once e ?ree ye>s1 :ile ,i read ,rabelais 9 fragm5ts p]haps once 9 six ye>s4 ,y might suppose t ,i h indicat$ ! ord] ( m]it8 ,well1 ,i h1 b y mu/ rev]se ! ord]1 s9ce ,i firmly believe t ,pantagruel is ! f9e/ ( ! ?ree4 ,we w leave ,dick5s out ( acc\nt1 s9ce we are agre$ t ?\gh ! message 0 t ( angels1 ! acc5t & ! spee* 7 ( ,camd5 t[n2 he1 t is to say1 approa*es mo/ ne>ly to ! common life1 to ! common passages 9 :i* we live1 & h5ce he1 naturally1 pleases u ! mo/ 9 our ord9>y & common hum\rs4 ,b1 ( ! o!r two1 ,i confess t ,c]vantes pleases me mu* ! m2 ! vulg>ity ( ,dick5s is abs5t or r x is conc5trat$ 9 ,san*o1 9 a mu* mild] =m ?an t ( ,pickwick1 = a ,spani% peasant ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ) all 8 common-s5se1 & practical reason1 is less remote f beauty ?an ! retir$ bus9ess man ( ! e>ly n9ete5? c5tury2 j z poor ,mr ,pickwick1 an hone/1 k9dly creature1 is va/ly sup]ior to ! blatant1 pret5ti\s1 diamond-b$eck$ sw9dl]s :o repres5t ! city 9 our day4 ,b ,c]vantes1 :o lacks1 z ,i say1 ! commonness ( ,dick5s1 has some?+ ( ! urbanity1 ! cosmopolitanism ( ,?ack]ay1 he is1 to a c]ta9 degree1 a ,colonel ,newcome ( 8 "t1 b he has se5 ! _w m sagaci\sly ?an ,colonel ,newcome ev] c\ld4 ,s :ile ,rabelais appals me ) 8 extravagance1 8 torr5ts ( obsc5e words1 ,i am *>m$ ) ! good hum\r$ & obs]vant companion%ip ( ,c]vantes4 ,& h5ce ,i conclude t ,pantagruel is ! f9] book4 ,x may s\nd p>adoxical to say s1 b don't y see t ! v grotesqu]ie ( ,rabelais %[s a fur!r remove f ! daily r\nd1 a pur] metal1 less t+$ ) ! p]sonal1 mat]ial1 int]e/ ?an ,don ,quixote4 ,m9d y1 ,i f9d great] deftness1 a f9] artifice 9 ,c]vantes1 :o ,i ?9k express$ 8 conception ! m p]fectly1 b ,i ?9k t ! conception ( ,rabelais ! high]1 precisely because x is ! m remote4 ,look at ! ,pantagruel2 consid] ^? li/s1 t m ?an frankness1 t ebullition ( grossness1 pla9ly int5tional1 design$3 x is ei!r ! m]e/ lunacy1 or else x is sublime4 ,don't y rememb] ! trite say+ extremes meet1 don't y p]ceive t :5 a c]ta9 dep? has be5 pass$ y beg9 to asc5d into ! heights8 ,! ,p]sian poet expresses ! mo/ transc5d5tal secrets ( ! ,div9e ,love by ! grosse/ phrases ( ! c>nal love2 s ,rabelais so>s above ! common life1 above ! /reets & ! gutt] by go+ f> l[] ?an ! /reets & ! gutt]3 he br+s be=e y ! highe/ by posit+ t :i* is l[] ?an ! l[e/1 & if y h ! prep>$1 initiat$ m9d1 a ,rabelaisian li/ is ! be/ preface to ! angelic song4 ,all ?is may /rike y z extreme p>adox1 b x has ! disadvantage ( be+ true1 & p]haps y may assure y\rself ( its tru? by recollect+ ! conv]se proposition--t x is :5 "o is absorb$ 9 ! highe/ emotions t ! mo/ degrad+ images w intrude !mselves4 ,no2 y are "r3 ?is is n ! psy*ology ( ! sci5tific p]sons :o write h&-books on ! subject1 x is n ! psy*ology ( ! s]i\s noveli/s1 ( ^? :o write ! annals ( ! engag$2 b x happ5s to be ! psy*ology ( man4 ,i don't "k t v mu* c be made ( ! signification ( ! *>act]s 9 ,pantagruel1 z ,i h>dly ?9k t ,rabelais 0 anxi\s to be sy/ematic or consi/5t 9 del9eat+ !m4 ,i believe t !re are two reasons = ! gigantic /ature ( ,pantagruel1 or p]haps ?ree4 ,! =m ( ! :ole /ory came f popul> leg5ds ab\t a giant nam$ ,g>gantua1 & t is ! fir/ & lea/ important reason4 ,secondly ! giant conception does some?+ to remove ! book f common exp]i5ce2 x is a sign-po/1 w>n+ y n to expect a fai?ful picture ( life1 b r a )drawal f life & f common exp]i5ce1 & y are 9 a position to appreciate ! value ( t motive1 s9ce ,i h nev] ceas$ f tell+ y t x is ! pr9cipal motive ( all lit]ature4 ,&1 ?irdly1 ,i hesitate & d\bt1 b no?+ m1 :e!r ! giant ,pantagruel1 he :o is all ?ir/ & ev] a?ir/1 may n be a h9t ( ! /ature ( ! p]fect man1 ( ! ideal man1 fre$ f ! bonds ( ! common life1 & common appetites1 hav+ only ! et]nal ?ir/ = ! et]nal v9e4 ,c&idly1 ,i am incl9$ to fav\r ?is view1 b only z a private int]pretation2 x may be all nons5se1 & ,i %all n be (f5d$ or surpris$ if y c prove to me t x is nons5se4 ,b h y notic$ h[ ,pantagruel is at once ! mo/ important & ! lea/ important figure 9 ! book8 ,he is ! mo/ important p]sonage2 he is ! h]o1 ! lead]1 ! son ( ! k+1 ! giant1 wis] ?an any or all ( 8 foll[]s3 =mally1 he is to ,rabelais t :i* ,don ,quixote is to ,c]vantes4 ,& yet1 actually1 he is little m ?an a vague1 trem5d\s %ad[2 ! liv+1 speak+1 impressive p]sonages are ,frre ,jean & ,panurge1 :o occupy ! /age & capture our att5tion4 ,doesn't ?is r sugge/ to y ! "p play$ by ! real man 9 life itself2 a subord9ate1 unobtrusive "p usually1 hidd5 v (t5 by an ext]ior1 :i* be>s little resemblance to ! true man )94 ,y "k ,col]idge says t3-- ,pantagruel is ! ,reason2 ,panurge ! ,und]/&+--! poll>d$ man1 ! man ) e faculty except ! reason4 ,i sc>cely "k an example m illu/rative ( ! di/9ction betwe5 ! two4 ,rabelais _h no mode ( speak+ ! tru? 9 ^? days b 9 su* =m z ?is2 z x 01 he 0 indebt$ to ! k+'s protection = 8 life4 ,i mu/ cavil at ! la/ s5t5ce1 9 :i* ,col]idge seems to h9t t ,rabelais 0 9 dang] because he _h h9t$ ! di/9ction betwe5 ! ,reason & ! ,und]/&+4 ,) all respect to ,col]idge1 ,rabelais might h gone to ! limits ( psy*ology & metaphysics )\t incurr+ any dang]2 he 0 ?reat5$ on acc\nt ( 8 v op5 satire ( ! *ur* & ! cl]gy1 :i*1 z ,i h po9t$ out1 is z pla9 spok5 z satire well c be4 ,/ill1 ,i ?9k t ,col]idge1 us+ ! te*nical language ( ,g]man philosophy1 _h a glimpse ( ! tru?1 & ,mr ,besant's rem>k t ,panurge is a c>eful portrait ( a man )\t a s\l is virtually ! same def9ition 9 ano!r t]m9ology4 ,z ,i h already said1 ,i don't ?9k t ,rabelais kept 8 *>act]s )9 ! /rict limits ( consi/5ce--!y are only significant1 p]haps1 n[ & !n--& ,i want to say1 aga91 t ,i speak "u correction 9 ?is matt]1 n feel+ at all sure ( my gr\nd4 ,b ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t ,pantagruel1 ,panurge1 & ! ,monk are n s mu* ?ree diff]5t *>act]s1 z ! repres5tative ( man 9 8 ?ree p]sons4 ,frre ,jean is1 p]haps1 ! natural man1 ! heal?y animal1 ,panurge is ! rational man1 & ,pantagruel1 z ,i said1 is ! spiritual1 or p]fect man1 :o looms1 gigantic1 9 ! backgr\nd1 almo/ invisible1 & yet all important1 & ! ?ree are1 9 reality1 ,"o4 ,if ,i may apply ! case to our own subject1 ,i may say t :ile ,pantagruel conceives ! idea1 ,panurge writes ! book1 & ,bro!r ,john has ! c\rage to take x to ! publi%]s4 ,! fir/ is ! arti/1 ! second ! artific]1 & ! ?ird ! social be+1 ready to battle = 8 place 9 ! mat]ial _w4 ,! giant is always calm1 s9ce 8 head is high above e>?--vidit nubes et sid]a--b ! o!r two h to face ! compromises ( life1 & suff] its defeats4 ,all ?is may be purely fanta/ical2 & at any rate ,i am sure t anyone :o kn[s 8 ,rabelais c\ld pick _m holes 9 my int]pretation4 ,= example1 ,i said t ! monk 0 ! heal?y animal1 & ,panurge ! rational man2 b !re are occasions :5 ,panurge assumes ! "* ( ! unheal?y bea/1 ! hairy-legg$1 hybrid1 creature ( ! ,greek my?1 :o uses ! sup]ior human artifice = ends t are :olly be/ial or worse ?an be/ial4 ,/ill2 is ?is a valid objection8 ,are !re n su* m5 9 life itself8 ,is x n1 p]haps1 ! peculi> & t]rible privilege ( humanity t x may1 if x pleases1 pro/itute its mo/ holy & mo/ bless$ gifts to ! wor/ & mo/ horrible uses8 ,& does n ea* "o ( u feel t1 pot5tially1 at all ev5ts1 !re is su* a be+ )9 him1 n yield$ to1 p]haps1 = a mom5t1 yet always pres5t1 always ready to assume ! comm&4 ,! greate/ sa9ts1 we are told1 h suff]$ ! mo/ fi]y temptations2 9 o!r words--,pantagruel is always att5d$ by ,panurge diabolicus4 ,i h talk$ once or twice ( ! ,%ad[y ,companion1 b "o mu/ n =get t !re is ! ,muddy ,companion also2 a be+ (t5 ( exquisite wit & deep und]/&+1 b giv5 to evil ways if "o d n hold him 9 *eck4 ,b1 9 any case1 ,i ?9k ,i h %[n t ! ,pantagruel is "o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y ef=ts ( ! human m9d1 full ( ,pantagruelism2 & t ^w /&s = _m conceal$ & wond]ful my/]ies4 ,x is n 9 ! lea/ a pleasant1 or a life-l1 or ev5 an int]e/+ book2 ,i ?9k t :5 "o kn[s ( ! key--or r ( ! keys--"o op5s ! pages almo/ ) a s5sation ( dread4 ,s x is a book t "o consults at long int]vals1 because x is only at r>e mom5ts t a man c be> ! spectacle ( 8 own nak$ s\l1 & a vision t is spl5did1 c]ta9ly1 b awful also1 9 its con/ant apposition ( ! et]nal heights & ! et]nal dep?s4 ,v ,i h be5 wait+ = t "q = a v long "t1 & ,i only wond] t y h be5 able to re/ra9 y\rself s well--?r\gh su* a s]ies ( :at ,i "k y believe to be p>adoxes1 ?\gh ,i h assur$ y t ,i deal m]ely 9 ! pla9e/ tru?4 ,b1 aft] all1 y\r "q is q a legitimate "o1 & ,i rememb] :5 ,i fir/ began to ?9k ( ^! ?+s ,i w5t a/ray--simply because ,i did n recognise ! exi/5ce ( ! difficulty t has be5 bo!r+ y1 ev] s9ce t talk ( ours ab\t ! haulte sagesse ,pantagruel9e--et ,pickwicki5ne1 & p]haps be=e x4 ,yes1 ,i w put ! "q 9 its pla9e/1 crude/ =m1 & ,i w make y ask1 if y please1 :e!r ,*>les ,dick5s _h any consci\sness ( ! int]ior significance ( ! milk-pun*1 /rong ale1 & br&y & wat] :i* he caus$ ,mr ,pickwick & 8 fri5ds to consume 9 su* outrage\s quantities4 ,x s\nds pla9 en\gh & simple en\gh1 doesn't x1 & yet ,i mu/ tell y t to answ] t "q fairly y mu/ fir/ analyze human nature1 & ,i ne$n't rem9d y t t is a task v f> f simple4 ,man s\nds a v simple pr$icate1 z y utt] x2 y imag9e t y und]/& its significance p]fectly well1 b :5 y beg9 to ref9e a little1 & to br+ 9 di/9ctions1 & to c>ry propositions to _! legitimate b\nds1 y f9d t y h und]tak5 ! def9ition ( t :i* is ess5tially indef9ite & probably indef9able4 ,&1 aft] all1 we ne$ n pit* on ?is t]m or on t1 !re is no ne$ to select man z (f]+ any especial difficulty1 =1 ,i take x1 t ! tru? is t all human k is subject to ! same disadvantage1 ! same d\bts & res]vations4 ,omnia exeunt 9 my/]ium 0 an old s*ola/ic maxim2 & ! only p :o h always a pla9 answ] = a pla9 "q are ! pseudo-sci5ti/s1 ! p :o ?9k t "o c solve ! enigma ( ! univ]se ) a box ( *emicals4 ,b all ?is is a caution--necess>y ,i suppose--t y ne$ n expect me to give y a pla91 cut & dri$ answ] to y\r "q :e!r lit]ature is a consci\s production--or1 9 m p>ticul> =m--0 ,dick5s aw>e t by milk-pun* he meant ec/asy8 ,i %all ask y ano!r 9 ! approv$ ,scot* mann]4 ,y 7 tell+ me t z y came along ?is ev5+ y _h to /op = five m9utes at ! corn] ( ! ,cal$onian ,road to wat* ! exquisite grace ( two slum-girls ( f\rte5 or fifte51 danc+ to ! rattl+ tune ( a piano-organ4 ,y spoke ( ! *>m ( _! movem5ts--motus ,ionici1 "s ( !m1 ,i fe>--( ! purely /hetic delight !re 0 9 ! sight ( "y girls1 disguis$ z horrible little slatt]ns1 leap+ & danc+ z "y girls h always leapt & danc$1 ,i suppose1 f ! "t ( ! cave-dwell]s onw>ds4 ,well1 b d y suppose t ?is *>m y h rem>k$ 0 consci\s8 ,d y ?9k t ,h>riet & ,emily realis$ t !y 7 ( ! k9 ( ! ec/atic danc]s ( all "t1 t !y 7 beautiful because !y 7 naturally express+ by a symbol t is univ]sal1 ! univ]sal & et]nal ec/asy ( life8 ,look back 9 y\r memory = illu/rations2 ,i1 z y "k1 am r ! enemy ( facts1 & x is r>ely t ,i am able to support a !ory by a sy/ematic cat5a ( in/ances & au?orities4 ,b1 if "o _h ! indu/ry & en]gy1 "o might make a mo/ curi\s hi/ory ( ! dance4 ,rememb] ! ,hebrew dances ( religi\s joy1 ( ec/asy 9 its highe/ =m1 rememb] t /range survival ( ! *ori/]s' dance be=e ! high alt> 9 ,spa9 on c]ta9 solemn fea/s1 a survival :i* has p]si/$ 9 spite ( ! /rong ,roman influ5ces :i* make = rigid uni=mity4 ,?9k ( ! ,greek ,m5ads & ,bac*antes1 ( ! ,dionysiac *orus 9 ! !atre1 ( our old ,engli% peasants tread+ ! mazes1 & danc+ r\nd ! maypole1 ( dances at ,breton ,p>dons1 ( ! fairies1 suppos$ to dance 9 ! =e/ glade b5ea? ! moon4 ,:y1 danc+ is z mu* an expression ( ! human secret z lit]ature itself1 & ,i expect x is ev5 m anci5t2 & ,h>riet & ,emily1 leap+ on ! pavem5t1 to t j+l+1 clatt]+ tune1 7 m]ely %[+ t ?\gh !y 7 ! *ildr5 ( ! slum1 & ! /ep-*ildr5 ( ! ,s*ool ,bo>d1 !y 7 yet human1 & p>tak]s ( ! univ]sal sacram5t4 ,b if y ask1 7 !y consci\s ( all ?is1 x w be v difficult to give a direct answ]4 ,i ne$ h>dly say t !y c\ld n h put _! v real emotion into ! t]ms ,i h us$--nor p]haps into any t]ms at all--& yet !y "k ! delight ( :at !y d1 z mu* z if !y _h be5 initiat$ 9 all ! my/]ies4 ,if someone ) ! g5ius ( ,socrates = prop\nd+ se>*+ que/ions c\ld corn] ,h>riet & ,emily1 & face & ov]come t prelim9>y1 inevitable g>n1 x is possible t he might f9d t !y 7 fully consci\s ( ! reasons :y !y danc$ & delight$ 9 danc+2 j z ,socrates demon/rat$ to ! slave t he 0 p]fectly acqua9t$ ) geometry2 b fail+ a ,socrates1 & us+ words 9 _! usual s5ses1 ,i suppose we mu/ say t !y are n consci\s4 ,!y dance & leap )\t calculation1 z !y eat & dr9k1 & z birds s+ 9 spr+time2 & v mu* ! same answ] mu/ be giv5 to ! simil> "q z to lit]ature4 ,i said t to answ] ! riddle fully & completely1 "o w\ld h to make an analysis ( human nature2 &1 9 tru?1 ! problem is simply a problem ( ! consci\sness & subconsci\sness1 & ( ! action & int]action betwe5 ! two4 ,i w n be too dogmatic4 ,we are 9 mi/y1 unc]ta9 & unexplor$ regions1 & x is impossible to *>t all ! cities & m\nta9s & /reams1 & fix ) ! nicety ( ! ordnance survey _! sev]al places on ! map--b ,i am /rangely incl9$ to ?9k t all ! qu9tess5ce ( art is di/ill$ f ! subconsci\s & n f ! consci\s self2 or1 9 o!r words1 t ! artific] seldom or nev] und]/&s ! ends & designs & _s ( ! arti/4 ,our lit]>y ar*itects h all1 ,i ?9k1 build$ bett] ?an !y knew1 & v (t51 ,i expect1 ! draughtsman :o sees ! triumph & enjoys x 9 8 mann]1 takes all ! cr$it to himself1 & ludicr\sly imag9es t x is 8 c>eful draw+ & amplification ( ! sket*1 & foll[+ ! scale1 t h creat$ ! high & holy h\se ( ,god4 ,!re is a que] in/ance ( :at ,i mean 9 ,dick5s's preface to ! lat] editions ( ,pickwick--,i put ! book up on a high %elf ! o!r day1 & ,i c't be bo!r$ gett+ x d[n & v]ify+ ! quotation--b ,i believe ! au?or1 aft] tell+ u t ! orig9al design 0 to give opportunities to ! et*] ,seym\r1 goes on to recapitulate1 z x 71 ! a*ievem5ts ( ! book1 & 8 li/ ( triumphs is mu* m amus+ ?an any li/ 9 ,rabelais4 ,! law ( imprisonm5t = debt has be5 alt]$6 ,fleet ,prison has be5 pull$ d[n6 ,! ,s*ool-,bo>d is com+6 ,lawy]s' cl]ks h nic] mann]s6 ,p>liam5t>y elections are a little bett]1 b !y might be bett] /ill6 & "o wond]s t he does n ann\nce t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! publication ( ,pickwick1 m$ical /ud5ts h giv5 up br&y = b>ley-wat]4 ,x is evid5t1 y see1 t ,dick5s ?\ght 7or ?\ght t he ?\ght1 = x is v difficult to be exact7 t 8 ma/]piece ( ! pic>esque1 8 epitome ( ,pantagruelism1 0 writt5 to correct abuses1 & look+ back1 _m ye>s aft] its publication1 he congratulates himself t mo/ ( ^! abuses h be5 correct$1 & 7"o c almo/ he> him say7 ergo1 x is a v f9e book4 ,he 0 impell$ to write ?is nons5se ( ! preface because he 01 by comp>ison1 educat$2 ,h>riet1 ! danc]1 w\ld probably tell y1 if y succe$$ 9 p5etrat+ beyond g>n1 t %e danc$ because %e lik$ x2 b1 grant+ t ! poison+ process _h be5 c>ri$ out m successfully 9 ! case ( ,emily1 %e might1 conceivably1 reply t %e danc$ becos x's 'el?y1 & ,tea*] says z 'ow x cirkilates ! blood4 ,emily1 y see1 obta9$ ! prize = ,physiology1 z well z = ,fr5* & ! ,piano-,=te2 %e is ?us enabl$ to give reasons1 & !y are q z valuable z ! reasons ( ,dick5s1 expla9+ ! m]its ( ,pickwick4 ,y "k t pomp\s old fool ,=/]1 :o took 9 ,dick5s at times1 sniff$ a little at ,pickwick1 & ?\ght ! lat] books1 ) _! +5i\s plots1 & floods ( maudl9 te>s1 & port5t\s "*-draw+1 imm5se advances1 & ,i suppose ! ma/] felt oblig$ to ju/ify himself = t fir/ ent]prise--to %[ t he _h n really be5 inspir$1 b _h writt5 a useful tract6 ,y rememb] he expla9s ,/igg9s2 he w>ns y n to be "u any misconceptions1 n to suppose t ,/igg9s satirises a1 b1 or c1 s9ce he is only aim$ at x1 y1 & z4 ,c y conceive t a m$ival arti/ 9 gurgoyles1 hav+ p]fect$ = our et]nal joy1 a spl5did gr9n+ creature1 lurk+ on ! p>apet1 & hav+ end[$ him1 greatly to our oblectation1 ) ! tail ( a dragon1 ! body ( a dog1 ! feet ( an eagle1 ! head ( a bull 9 hy/]ics1 ) a ,franciscan c[l1 by way ( f9i%1 %\ld aft]w>ds expla9 t no (f5ce 0 int5d$ to ,fa!r ,ambrose1 ! prior ov] ! way8 ,s x seems fairly pla91 doesn't x1 t 9 ! case ( ,dick5s1 at all ev5ts1 !re 0 no v cle> consci\sness ( :at _h be5 a*iev$1 & ,i believe t y w\ld f9d ! rule hold good ) o!r arti/s 9 a great] or less degree4 ,) ,dick5s x holds 9 a v high degree1 j because !re 0 t trem5d\s gulf ,i h s (t5 spok5 ab\t betwe5 8 inw>d & 8 outw>d self2 because1 ) ! s\l ( r>e g5ius1 8 intellig5ce liv$ 9 ^? dre>y1 du/y ,london /reets1 because ! artific]1 ev5 :ile he c>ri$ out ! arti/'s comm&s1 und]/ood v little :at he 0 do+4 ,b "o c trace ! same work+ 9 o!r cases4 ,take ! case ( ,mr ,h>dy1 = in/ance4 ,y rememb] :at ,i said ab\t 8 ,two on a ,t[]2 ,i prais$ x = its ec/atic passion1 = t revelation ( a great rapture1 = its symbolism1 %[+ h[ "o mu/ )draw f ! common ways1 f ! du/y highroad & ! sw>m+ /reet1 & g ap>t into high1 lonely places1 if "o w\ld p]ceive ! high1 et]nal my/]ies4 ,i did n say s 9 s _m words1 b y no d\bt saw t ,i 0 indicat+ t :i* is1 9 my op9ion1 valuable 9 ,mr ,h>dy's "w1 t :i* makes 8 books lit]ature4 ,& ,i am sure he w\ld mo/ decid$ly & entirely disagree ) me1 & if y want to "k :y ,i am sure1 ,i ref] y to 8 lat] books1 to 8 ,tess & ,jude4 ,y "k h[ ! ,tess 0 talk$ ab\t1 h[ x remade ! au?or f ! comm]cial /&po9t1 simply because x conta9$1 ) _m beautiful ?+s1 _m absurd prea*m5ts1 mu* pseudo-philosophy ( a k9d suit$ to ! intellig5ce ( p]sons :o ?9k t ,rob]t ,elsm]e is lit]ature4 ,if ,mr ,h>dy _h be5 a consci\s arti/1 if he _h und]/ood1 ,i mean1 :at makes ! *>m & ! wond] ( ,two on a ,t[]1 he c\ld nev] h adult]at$ ! tale ( ,tess ) a free-?9k+ tract1 he w\ld nev] h turn$ ,jude into a long pamphlet on second>y education = f>m lab\r]s1 ) agno/ic notes4 ,x is pa!tic 9 ! latt] book amid/ mu* we>y & futile writ+ to come across a passage "h & !re t %[s ! arti/ /riv+ = utt]ance1 long+ to s+ u 8 incantations1 9 spite ( ! prea*]1 :o h[ls him d[n4 ,?9k ( t di/ant vision ( ,ox=d f ! lonely field1 ( all ^? clu/]+ ro(s & spires1 wet ) ra91 sudd5ly k9dl+ into glanc+1 & sc9tillant fire1 at ! sunset2 & !n rememb]1 ) :at sorr[1 t ?is is b an oasis 9 a b>r5 l& ( blund]+ argum5t4 ,x is almo/ z if lit]ature _h become lit]ature--! lit]ature ( ! subject--& "o mu/ only rejoice t ! arti/ /ill lives ev5 if ! enemy has %ut him up 9 prison4 ,y c trace ! /ruggle all ?r\gh ! book3 ,sue 0 an arti/ic conception1 a v curi\s b a v beautiful revelation ( "s /range elem5ts 9 ! nature & 9 ! love ( wom52 b h[ difficult x is to detect ?is--! real ,sue--und]nea? ! surface1 :i* makes ,sue seem ! prophetess ( ! ,woman ,"q1 or :atev] ! contempor>y twaddle on ! subject 0 call$4 ,conceive ! ,odyssey s h&l$ t x seems l a volume 9 a te*nical s]ies deal+ ) ,seaman%ip & ,navigation1 ?9k :at might h happ5$ if ! ,rabelais :o _h be5 put 9 ! d>k cell ( ,font5ay-le-,comte _h completely ga9$ ! upp] h&1 & _h sil5c$ t o!r ,rabelais--t solit>y & raptur\s s\l :o _h se5 z 9 a glass ! m>vell\s face ( man4 ,well1 ! five books ( ! ,pantagruel w\ld h convey$ to u1 no d\bt ) "s eloqu5ce & vig\r1 ! highly unimportant fact t ,franois ,rabelais1 runaway ,franciscan fri>1 did n l ,franciscan fri>s2 & n[ t ! c5turies h gone by we see h[ 7comp>atively7 wor?less su* a book z t w\ld h be54 ,=tunately ,pantagruel 0 too /rong = ! =ces ( ,panurge & ,frre ,jean comb9$1 & s !y h be5 able to d little h>m to ! book4 ,& h[ "o wi%es t x might be s ) ,mr ,h>dy6 ,x is n z if he _h no body = 8 conceptions2 8 /udies ( peasant folk d v well z backgr\nds = 8 dramas1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 8 "w 9 ?is way1 good z x is1 is n 8 elem5t ( real value4 ,b x is in(f5sive always1 sometimes amus+1 & x might well suffice him 9 8 m mat]ial mom5ts1 :5 he feels ! necessity ( desc5d+ f ! solit>y heights into ! pleasant1 popul\s valleys & villages ( common life4 ,b 8 true "w is--z x is ! "w ( all arti/s--! %ap+ = u ( ec/asy by means ( symbols2 & = him ! symbol :i* he und]/&s is1 no d\bt1 ! passion ( love1 & ) x ! symbol ( r$1 lonely pl\ghl&s1 ( deep ov]%ad[$ lanes t climb ! hills & w&] into l&s t we "k n1 ( d>k woods t hide a secret1 ( /range1 immemorial b>r[s :]e "o may h communion ) ! s\ls ( ! dead4 ,! passion ( love1 ! passion ( ! hills--no arti/ c\ld desire m exquisite or significant symbols ?an ^!1 nor ne$ he seek = m beautiful =ms = ! expression ( ! p]fect beauty4 ,& ,mr ,h>dy has *os5 to be a pamphlete]1 to voice = u our poor1 ignorant contempor>y *att]3 x is z if an angel's p5 7 to be occupi$ 9 indit+ ,society ,small ,talk6 ,b x proves ! unconsci\sness ( ,mr ,h>dy's art2 & "h1 by ! way1 ,i am mov$ to rev]t to ! case ( ,rabelais4 ,h[ f>1 y may ask1 0 he consci\s ( :at he 0 say+1 & ,i see y rememb] t passage ,i quot$ f ! la/ book--! spl5did decl>ation ( ! ,prie/ess ,bacbuc t by w9e is man made div9e4 ,t passage1 & inde$ _m o!r passages 9 ! f9al *apt]s1 w\ld seem to %[ t ! au?or _h work$ consci\sly1 & ,i c]ta9ly ?9k ! po9t wor? our consid]ation4 ,y w rememb] t ,i /at$ my rule )\t bigotry2 ,i r propos$ x z a pi\s op9ion--to ! effect t 9 lit]ature ! f9e/ ?+s are n design$4 ,& ,i confess1 t at fir/ sight1 ?is matt] ( ,bacbuc & h] allocution looks r l an exception to ! rule1 a pro( t ,rabelais1 at all ev5ts1 und]/ood cle>ly :at he 0 do+4 ,well2 x may h be5 s2 = ,rabelais 01 z ,i ?9k ,i h %[n1 a v exceptional man1 :om x w\ld be difficult to place 9 any class4 ,b ,i h>dly ?9k ?is is an in/ance ( ! prov]bial 7& fallaci\s7 exception t proves ! rule4 ,9 ! fir/ place ,i believe t "s ,fr5* editors h grave d\bts :e!r ,rabelais wrote ! fif? book at all2 b ,i am n incl9$ to press ?is po9t4 ,my po9t is t ! allocution ( ,bacbuc & all ^? *apt]s :i* describe ! ,oracle ( ! ,holy ,bottle are ! la/ 9 ! book--! la/ words ( ! au?or2 & ,i am 9 no way conc]n$ to def5d ! position t an au?or mu/ always rema9 unconsci\s ( ! "w t he has done4 ,z a matt] ( fact ,i ?9k t always1 or almo/ always1 he is unconsci\s :ile he is writ+2 b ,i see no reason :y ! revelation may n come to him aft]w>ds1 especially 9 su* a case z ! ,pantagruel1 :i* 0 ! affair ( _m ye>s--( a lifetime1 inde$4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( production1 9 ! y\?1 ! spr+time ( arti/ic "w1 ! creative influ5ce prevails1 & ?is1 x seems to me1 always or almo/ always op]ates secretly2 b 9 lat] ye>s ! critical _s is apt to ass]t itself1 & ?is w lead1 v naturally1 to ! arti/'s und]/&+ m pla9ly ! nature ( 8 accompli%m5t4 ,rabelais _h a long1 wond]ful c>e]2 8 life 0 full ( incid5t1 ( viol5t breaks1 & 8 books 7 produc$ at int]vals1 & x seems to me v possible t1 t[>ds ! end1 he may h reflect$ on :at he _h done1 & h und]/ood 9 "p1 at all ev5ts1 ! s5se ( ! amaz+ message t he _h deliv]$4 ,?is1 ,i ?9k1 is ! explanation ( ! ,holy ,bottle *apt]s1 & y w note t1 admirable z criticism1 !y are inf]ior z art to ^? a/\nd+ e>ly pages :]e !re is no h9t ( consci\s workman%ip1 b r evid5ce ( a man = :om ! _w has be5 trans=m$1 :o has be5 visit$ by an a/\nd+ vision4 ,he takes an old1 popul> /ory ab\t a giant1 he takes ! v9e t fl\ri%es 9 8 native ,*9onnais1 he takes ! ,new ,le>n+ t seems to him l ! ,new ,w9e1 he takes ! gross tale ( ! f>mh\se & ! tav]n1 ! rank spee* ( ! p1 & ) ^! elem5ts1 ) ^! facts1 he symbolises ! revelation t he has receiv$4 ,he writes1 he writes on1 he writes madly1 & e l9e is writt5 9 a fury ( delight2 b1 ,i ?9k ,i may say1 !re is at ! mom5t ( writ+1 no consci\s app]ception ( all t t torr5t ( words conveys & implies4 ,t may well come lat]2 "o may well beg9 ) leg5d3 ,gr&g\si] 0 a good dr9k]1 & end ) ! int]pretation3 ,all tru? & e philosophy is conta9$ 9 w9e2 b ,i believe t if ,rabelais _h p]ceiv$ ?is at ! beg9n+ he w\ld h be5 n an arti/ b a philosoph]4 ,well2 if y are cont5t ) ?is comm5t on ,bacbuc1 ,i %\ld l to give y a v curi\s in/ance ( our own day1 9 :i* ! unconsci\s arti/ has be5 subdu$ by ! consci\s prea*]4 ,y rememb] ^? v notable books3 ,keynotes & ,discords8 ,i h n se5 !m = "s "t1 s ,i am afraid my criticism w be v loose & g5]al1 b ,i ?9k t ! two volumes m>k v well ! fatal desc5t f ! high] to ! l[] gr\nd4 ,9 ! fir/1 x seems to me1 !re is a some:at slight1 b v g5u9e1 note ( ec/asy2 ,i mean t y c collect a c]ta9 di/9ct image ( real womanhood--n ! lab\r$1 fooli%1 inane psy*ology ( ,mr ,m]$i? & ^? :o "w ) him--n ! analysis ( ! surface1 ( ! society woman1 belong+ to a p>ticul> grade1 & a p>ticul> p]iod1 b ( ! v woman :o rema9s really ! same 9 all social grades & 9 all ages4 ,i rememb] ?9k+ :5 ,i read ,keynotes t x 0 a lonely book2 x h9t$1 ,i ?9k1 a s\l ap>t1 & af> f ! second>y1 t]ti>y problems ( an organis$ civilisation1 & ?\gh !re 0 an und]tone ( prea*+ & argu+1 ! total impression 0 curi\sly & beautifully arti/ic4 ,i f\nd1 if ,i rememb] rightly1 t subord9ation ( ! accid5tal to ! ess5tial t ,i prais$ 9 ,two 9 a ,t[]1 & ,i am ! m conv9c$ t ?is is s by my own recollections4 ,i h =gott5 all ab\t social conditions1 if any su* ?+s are indicat$2 ,i only ?9k ( wom5 & ( m51 ( ! true1 inalt]able human nature2 & "h1 x seems to me1 y h a v high a*ievem5t4 ,b ! next volume ,discords took di/9ctly l[] gr\nd4 ,! artifice 0 bett]1 ! /ories1 z /ories1 7 told ) m skill & m deftness ?an any?+ 9 ,keynotes2 b !re 0 no m lit]ature2 !re 0 only ! lit]ature ( ! subject4 ,! incid5ts 7 no long] symbols ( an emotion2 !y _h become ! basis ( an agitation1 conc]n+ :i* my curiosity nev] l$ me to inquire fur!r3 & !re y see ano!r pro( ( ! unconsci\sness ( art4 ,if ! au?or ( ,keynotes _h und]/ood h] a*ievem5t ,discords w\ld nev] h be5 writt54 ,"o might cont9ue ! cat5a almo/ ad inf9itum3 w\ld n ,wordswor?1 suppos+ him to h be5 a consci\s arti/1 h r cut (f 8 "r h& ?an h suff]$ su* a magi/]ium z ! ,ode on ,intimations ( ,immortality to h ! companion%ip ( ! enorm\s mass ( futility & /upidity :i* con/itutes ! great] "p ( ! ,complete ,works8 ,well1 !re is ! evid5ce t mu/ guide u 9 answ]+ ! "q y prop\nd$1 & x %[s1 conclusively en\gh1 ,i ?9k1 t art is n1 9 ! ord9>y acceptation ( ! t]m1 a consci\s product4 ,p]haps x w\ld be a p]il\s dogmatism1 on ! o!r h&1 to def9itely pron\nce x to be unconsci\s2 & ,i expect we _h bett] take refuge 9 ! subconsci\s1 t conv5i5t "n = ! transc5d5tal elem5t 9 human nature4 ,= myself1 ,i l be/ my old figure ( ! ,%ad[y ,companion1 ! invisible att5dant :o walks all ! way beside u1 ?\gh 8 feet are 9 ! ,o!r ,_w2 & ,i ?9k t x is he :o :isp]s to u 8 ineffable secrets1 :i* we clumsily endeav\r to set d[n 9 mortal language4 ,i ?9k t :ile ! arti/ works he is consci\s ( joy & ( no?+ m2 he works beautifully b he c\ld give no rationale ( ! process1 & :5 he endeav\rs to expla9 himself1 we are (t5 p]plex$ by ?is /range spectacle ( a man :olly ignorant ( 8 own creation4 ,consid] aga9 ! grotesqu5ess ( t preface to ,pickwick2 x is really z if a great sculptor1 congratulat$ on 8 a*ievem5t1 %\ld answ] t 8 ,v5us 0 inde$ beautiful--because x t5d$ to improve ! m>ble indu/ry & ! g5]al k ( anatomy4 ,& aft] all ! conclusion does return to u f o!r ?an lit]>y s\rces4 ,y _c conceive a build] ( ! f\rte5? c5tury hesitat+ z to ! respective m]its ( ,romanesque1 ,norman1 ,fir/ & ,second ,po9t$2 to him !re 0 only "o possible me?od1 & he built1 z he spoke1 )\t calculation & )\t consci\s ef=t1 only kn[+ ! joy ( 8 "w4 ,s inde$ we all speak & live :5 we are n b\nd by conv5tion & acquir$ usages & mann]s1 & y see t art1 prop]ly s call$1 takes its place 9 ! great s*eme ( ?+s2 x is no /udi$ contortion1 no /range trick acquir$ by ! late +5uity ( man1 b z natural 7& z sup]natural7 z ! blossom+ ( a fl[]1 & ! s++ ( ! night+ale4 ,art1 inde$1 is :olly natural1 artifice is m or less acquir$1 ! creature ( reason1 ( exp]im5t1 ( sy/ematis$ intellig5ce4 ,x is d\btful1 ,i suppose1 :e!r ! natural1 untaught man has ( himself1 by end[m5t1 any artifice at all2 d\btful1 p]haps1 :e!r1 9 ! beg9n+1 8 artifice 0 n ! product ( 8 art2 :e!r he did n le>n to speak ) artifice because he _h receiv$ f nature ! art ( s++2 c]ta9ly ! *ild1 ent]+ ! _w1 has n ! inborn artifice ( ! swall[ & ! bee4 ,?is artifice1 x seems1 man has be5 =c$ to acquire by sl[ & pa9ful degrees1 & p]haps x only diff]s f ! artifice ( animals 9 t x has be5 aid$ & re9=c$ by imag9ation1 t is by art1 t is by ! p[] ! human s\l possesses ( project+ itself into ! unkn[n1 & adv5tur+ 9 ! realm ( no?+ness4 ,man1 ,i mean1 c\ld nev] h inv5t$ ! telephone1 _h he n fir/ creat$ x1 _h he n conceiv$ ! possibility ( its exi/5ce1 :5 z yet1 x 0 non-exi/5t1 & s 8 artifice w always be progressive1 & di/+ui%$ f ! artifice ( animals4 ,b art is born ) man1 & is ( ! ess5ce1 ! v diff]5tia ( man4 ,x is ( 8 v inmo/ be+1 & !re=e1 ,i suppose1 is remov$ f 8 consci\sness simply because x is )9 & n f )\t4 ,y may say t ,i h be5 vague1 t ,i h n solv$ ! problem ,i prop\nd$1 t ,i h n cle>ly expla9$ :e!r ! ,greeks knew :at !y did :5 !y wor%ipp$ ,dionysus1 :e!r ,rabelais 0 consci\s ( an inn] mean+ 9 8 praise ( w9e1 :e!r ,dick5s und]/ood ! value ( 8 pun* & br&y4 ,b if ,i h be5 vague x is because man1 9 ! la/ analysis1 is a trem5d\s my/]y1 because he is a complex be+1 because he is at once ,pantagruel1 & ,panurge1 & ,frre ,jean1 because he is bo? ,don ,quixote & ,san*o ,panza4 ,9 "s cases ,pantagruel & ,panurge seem to speak a common language1 to be able to communicate ! "o ) ! o!r3 if ,rabelais wrote ! ,dive ,b\teille *apt]s1 he c]ta9ly und]/ood mu* ( t :i* he _h express$ 9 symbols4 ,sometimes ! two seem l =eign]s 9 "o home1 ,pantagruel dictates1 & ,panurge ! scribe writes d[n 8 words1 h>dly or n at all compreh5d+ ! magic symbols t he expresses4 ,s ,dick5s ludicr\sly mis9t]prets 8 own ,pickwick4 ,&1 d\btless1 ?is und]/&+ ( ! artific] ( ! arti/ v>ies 9 an almo/ inf9ite *a9 ( nuances3 !re h be5 arti/s1 p]haps1 :o h work$ l m5 "u ! influ5ce ( has*i%1 :o h op5$ _! m\?s & prophesi$1 & !n recov]+ f ! possession1 h sat up & />$1 & ask$ :]e !y 71 & :at !y _h be5 do+4 ,inde$1 x may be t ?is 0 ! condition ( ! work+ ( art 9 ! v dawn ( human life1 = ?is1 no d\bt1 is ! explanation ( t old equation 9 :i* b>ds1 magicians1 se]s1 prophets1 & madm5 rank$ all toge!r z m5 :o spoke & work$ miracles1 ?+s un9telligible to ! common s5se1 to ! und]/&+ :i* regulates & arranges ! affairs ( ! common life4 ,all ^! 7 alike m5 ( ! m\nta9s1 m5 :o )drew f ! camp1 & w5t ap>t into high solit>y places1 into ! lonely wild]ness1 into ! =e/1 & 9 su* retirem5ts & cells !y utt]$ ! voices t came to !m1 speak+ words t 7 un9telligible to !mselves4 ,on ! o!r h& !re may h be5 arti/s 9 :om ! two p]sons h be5 happily reconcil$1 :o h n only ! gift ( tongues b also ! gift ( ! int]pretation ( tongues4 ,ev5 ^!1 ,i ?9k1 are always possess$1 ec/atic1 rapt f _! common nature at ! mom5t ( inspiration1 b aft]w>ds1 :5 ! magic song is done1 !y awake & return & rememb]1 & und]/&1 9 a measure at lea/1 ! mean+ ( _! prophecies4 ,!y nev] :olly und]/&1 !y are nev] able to express 9 rational t]ms ! :ole =ce ( ! message1 = ! good reason t ! language ( ! s\l inf9itely transc5ds ! language ( ! und]/&+2 because art is1 inde$1 ! sole *annel by :i* ! highe/ & pure/ tru? c rea* u4 ,y may1 p]haps1 succe$ 9 giv+ a ,bo] "s notion ( a ,greek *orus ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,taal1 b x w\ld be va9 to dream ( translat+ almo/ p]fect beauty into t poor m$ium1 fram$ = ! tempor>y & corporal necessities ( r\gh & illit]ate f>m]s4 ,& s1 h[ev] well an arti/ or ^? :o appreciate 8 "w may und]/& 8 mean+1 !y d b und]/& a little2 s9ce ! tongue ( art has _m words :i* h no r5d]+ 9 ! spee* ( ! und]/&+4 ,"h1 !n1 is ano!r =m ( our text :i* enables u to sep>ate art f artifice1 lit]ature f read+ matt]4 ,artifice is explicable2 y rememb] t someone has said ,?ack]ay 0 simply ! ord9>y clubman plus g5ius & a /yle4 ,we mu/ correct 8 phrases3 b if y sub/itute an imm5se tal5t ( obs]vation = g5ius1 & a great gift ( expression = /yle1 ,i ?9k ! def9ition admirable4 ,?ack]ay1 9 %ort1 is ! clubman ( height5$ faculties2 he diff]s n 9 quiddity b 9 quality & quantity f 8 neighb\r at ! w9d[2 he looks m closely ?an ,tom ,eaves1 & he c give y ! result ( 8 inspection 9 bett] phrases & ) a bett] sy/em1 b he looks at ! same ?+s f ! same /&po9t1 & y & ,i c admire 8 "w & be amus$ & delight$ by x1 b we h no s5se ( miracle1 ( transc5d5t vision & a*ievem5t4 ,we simply see a man :o does ! ?+s t we d1 b does !m ) a f> great] dext]ity3 y may wat* an acrobat ) an imm5se admiration1 b y recognise t y1 too1 are pot5tially an acrobat1 t ) a little tra9+ y1 too1 c\ld hang by ! heels1 ?\gh n ) su* grace1 nor = s long a "t4 ,b art is always miracul\s4 ,9 its orig91 9 its work+1 9 its results x is beyond & above explanation1 & ! arti/'s unconsci\sness is only "o phase ( its inf9ite my/]ies4 ,,vi ,i am afraid t at our la/ conv]sation ,i r spoke to y z if y 7 a public meet+4 ,n precisely 9 t mann]1 p]haps1 s9ce no public meet+ t ,i c imag9e w\ld h /ood me = a mom5t1 b ,i fe> t ,i 0 :at is call$ high-fl[n4 ,& yet h[ c "o avoid t reproa*8 ,look "h3 let u suppose an exam9ation pap]1 & ! foll[+ que/ions set4 #a4 ,expla91 9 rational t]ms1 ! ,que/ ( ! ,holy ,graal4 ,/ate :e!r 9 y\r op9ion su* a vessel ev] exi/$1 & if y ?9k x did n1 ju/ify y\r pleasure 9 read+ ! acc\nt ( ! se>* = x4 #b4 ,expla91 logically1 y\r delight 9 col\r4 ,/ate1 9 t]ms t ,voltaire w\ld h und]/ood1 ! mean+ ( ! phrase1 ! beauty ( l9e4 #c4 ,:at d y mean by ! ^w music8 ,give ! rational explanation ( ,ba*'s ,fugues1 %[+ !m to be z 7#a7 true z ,biology & 7#b7 useful z ,appli$ ,me*anics4 #d4 ,e/imate ! value ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey 9 ! ,avoirdupois measure4 #e4 ,! light t nev] 0 on l& or sea4 ,:at light8 #f4 ,fa]y l&s =lorn4 ,draw a map ( ! di/rict 9 "q1 putt+ 9 pr9cipal t[ns1 & nam+ exports4 #g4 ,%[ t1 heav5 lies ab\t u 9 our infancy mu/ mean :olesome mat]nal influ5ces surr\nd u 9 our *ildhood4 ,y say t is all nons5se8 t "o _c express art ( any k9d 9 ! t]ms ( rationalism8 ,well1 ,i agree ) y t x is nons5se2 t ! tables ( weights & measures give no /hetic guide to ! value ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey2 b if we agree on ?is ,i am afraid t we mu/ be cont5t to be call$ high-fl[n4 ,hav+ once = all settl$ t common s5se has no?+ to d ) lit]>y art1 we mu/ be1 ,i suppose1 uncommon1 & 7app>5tly7 nons5sical if we want to talk ab\t x to any pr(it4 ,t is :at x comes to1 aft] all4 ,if lit]ature be a k9d ( dignifi$ report+1 9 :i* ! report] is at lib]ty to inv5t "s incid5ts & leave out o!rs1 & to arrange all 9 ! ord] t pleases him be/2 !n1 let u h z mu* common s5se & rationalism z y please1 & ! m ! bett]2 b if lit]ature is a my/]i\s ec/asy1 ! )drawal f all common & ord9>y conditions--well1 ,i suppose1 we _h bett] be my/ics :5 we discuss ! subject1 & frankly confess t ) its fir/ pr9ciples logic has no?+ to d4 ,i suppose t !re are only two p>ties 9 ! _w3 ! ,rationali/s & ! ,my/ics1 & "o's vote on lit]ature goes ) "o's p>ty4 ,"o might leave ! matt] !re1 & amiably agree to diff] ) ! o!r side1 b ,i1 p]sonally1 h ! f]ocity to insi/1 t my side1 ! my/ical1 is :olly "r1 & ! o!r1 ! rationali/1 :olly wrong1 & moreov] ,i %all be s indec5t z to prove ! tru? ( my position4 ,b1 ,i h done s1 & ) t ,exam9ation ,pap] ,i j read out to y4 ,= if rationalism be ! tru?1 !n all lit]ature1 all t bo? sides agree 9 ?9k+ ! f9e/ lit]ature is simple lunacy1 & all ! _w ( ! arts mu/ g into ! region ( mania4 ,take ! l[e/1 ! simple/ in/ance4 ,"h is a knife ) a wood5 h&le1 & ! h&le has c]ta9 curi\s c>v$ designs on x1 :i* d n enable x to be held bett]4 ,:y is ?is knife bett]1 m to be valu$1 ?an t o!r knife1 :i* is n decorat$ at all8 ,x does n cut bett]2 x does n ju/ify its exi/5ce & purpose z a knife m ?an ! o!r2 :]e is its sup]iority8 ,because ,i f9d pleasure 9 see+ ^? designs8 ,b :y d ,i f9d any pleasure 9 ornam5t8 ,:at is ! rationali/ic ju/ification = t pleasure8 ,by logical def9ition a knife is an in/rum5t = cutt+1 & no?+ else2 ! pla9 cuts z well z ! ornate2 :y !n are y sorry if y lose ! "o1 :ile y don't c>e twop5ce = ! loss ( ! o!r8 ,y h at la/ to answ] t y h a joy :i* y _c 9 any way def9e 9 ! purely decorative patt]n2 & ) t answ] ! :ole sy/em ( rationalism topples ov]4 ,rationalism may say to y3 ,ei!r give a def9ite reason = go+ to ,mass1 or leave (f go+4 ,y h only to answ]3 ,y\r comm& is bas$ on ! premiss t "o %\ld d no?+ )\t be+ able to give a def9ite reason = x4 ,b ,i c give no def9ite reason = lik+--! ,odyssey or a curi\sly c>v$ knife--& yet y confess t ,i am "r 9 lik+ ^! ?+s4 ,!n ,i h prov$ ! contradictory ( y\r premiss1 z y h admitt$ t !re are ?+s t "o may d )\t be+ able to give a def9ite reason = do+ !m3 ergo1 ,i %all n neglect ! p>son's bell4 ,( c\rse1 all ?is is altoge!r outside ( my bus9ess2 b ,i confess ,i am fond ( c>ry+ ?+s to _! limits4 ,y rememb] h[ poor ,s4 ,t4 ,c4 us$ to talk1 humbly & yet pr\dly1 ( my sy/em1 ?\gh ,i am afraid my sy/em1 nev] em]g$ f ! /ate ( fragm5ts & disjecta membra4 ,& ,i too1 ?\gh ,i h only brok5 morsels & ru9\s /ones to %[ = ! spl5did outl9es & indicat$ ar*es ( ,col]idge1 /ill l to foll[ up an argum5t :i!rsoev] x w lead me1 reg>dless ( consequ5ces2 & ?is1 ,i am sure1 %\ld c\nt = righte\sness ) our fri5ds ! rationali/s4 ,i love to />t a sorites1 some?+ z foll[s3 ,i admire t odd b beautiful little decorative s*eme on ! sev5te5? c5tury *e/1 & !re=e1 ,i ?9k poetry1 z poetry1 f9] ?an prose1 z prose4 ,h5ce ,i approve ( ,ritualism 9 ! s]vice ( ! *ur*1 & f ! same premiss ,i draw ! conclusion t ,keats 0 a poet & t ,pope 0 n4 ,pope n be+ a poet1 x foll[s t to intone is 9 e way bett] ?an to read ! ,liturgy & ! ,(fices1 & read+ ! s]vice be+ wrong1 y w easily inf] t ,i dislike ,mr ,fri?'s pictures4 ,& aft] le>n+ t ,i d n c>e = ! ,d]by ,day1 y w sc>cely require my op9ion z to ! 7!oretical7 righte\sness ( ! fir/ ,re=m ,bill1 & f my attitude t[>ds ,"l ,john ,russell's measure1 y c1 ( c\rse1 guess my op9ion on ! respective m]its ( ! ,fr5* & ,engli% languages z lit]>y in/rum5ts4 ,& ,fr5* be+ va/ly inf]ior to ,engli%1 x necess>ily foll[s t ! ,engli% ,re=mation 0 a great 7?\gh p]haps unavoidable7 mis=tune4 ,h5ce1 y see1 admir+ c]ta9 l9es cut 9 an old oak5 box1 ,i am l$ by ! /ricte/ logic to dislike ! religi\s policy ( ,edw>d ,,vi41 ) all ! o!r consequ5ces 9 ord]2 & on ! o!r h& if ,i saw no s5se 9 t rude ornam5t ,i %\ld be an ,a!i/1 or at ! milde/1 an att5dant at ,pleasant ,sunday ,aft]noons1 ) ,george ,eliot = my fav\rite read+4 ,yes1 ,i l my !ories to "w ?r\gh1 & ,i confess t my belief 9 ! tru? ( my sy/em is v mu* /r5g!n$ by ! fact t x does "w ?r\gh1 t x seems to me ju/ifi$ by ! facts ( life4 ,i mean t ! premiss :i* enables me to decl>e ,keats to be a poet & ,pope n to be a poet does really enable me to pron\nce democracy to be a bad sy/em 9 !ory2 & ! premiss baldly /at$ is simply ?is3 t logic does n cov] life1 or 9 o!r words1 t life _c be judg$ by ! rules ( logic1 ( common s5se4 ,b yet ,i am us+ logic all ! "t1 y say8 ,c]ta9ly1 b ,i am us+ x 9 its "r place1 to d ! "w = :i* x is compet5t4 ,if ,i say t a scy! is n exactly ! in/rum5t = p]=m+ a surgical op]ation1 ,i am n !re=e b\nd to h my mead[ m[n ) a bi/\ry8 ,a microscope is good & a telescope is good1 b x is ! microscope t "o uses 9 bact]iology4 ,y "k1 don't y1 t ev] s9ce t unhappy ,re=mation ( ours p h be5 talk+ nons5se ab\t ! ,ari/otelian logic1 & fumbl+1 9 ! mo/ grotesque mann]1 = "s new logic4 ,our great false prophet ,bacon 7a wret* inf9itely m guilty ?an ,hobbes7 began x 9 ,engl& ) 8 ,novum ,organum2 & if y wi% to really e/imate educat$ folly1 to t\* ! bottom ( ! incr$ible dep?s to :i* a man ( in=mation may s9k1 read ,macaulay's comp>ison ( ! old philosophy & ! new philosophy4 ,! essayi/ says t ! old philosophy 0 no good1 because x nev] l$ up to ! /eam-eng9e & ! telegraph po/4 ,isn't x almo/ humiliat+ to ?9k t we h to ackn[l$ge ourselves ( ! same g5us z t brilliant ,macaulay8 ,b if ,i told y t ! ,greek ,alphabet 0 no good because x has nev] grill$ a s+le /eak y w\ld probably get uneasy & make = ! door1 & if y 7 *>itable y w\ld tell ! l&lady t ,i ought to be tak5 c>e (4 ,b su* a rem>k z t is no :it m lunatic ?an ,macaulay's comp>ison betwe5 philosophy1 prop]ly s call$1 & physical sci5ce appli$ to utilit>ian purposes4 ,well1 all ! port5t\s /uff t has be5 writt5 ab\t logic is nons5se ( exactly ! same k9d4 ,! s*ola/ic logic1 p said1 won't discov] ! tru?4 ,t is p]fectly true1 b !n ! s*ola/ic logic 0 n int5d$ to discov] tru?4 ,x w draw conclusions f tru?s already discov]$1 f premisses grant$1 b x wont make premisses any m ?an a scy! w make grass4 ,&1 x is1 curi\sly en\gh1 ! v class ( p :o despise ! =mal logic1 :o insi/ on y\r giv+ logical reasons = actions & emotions :i* are altoge!r outside ! jurisdiction ( logic4 ,) "o brea? !y say3 ,ari/otle is useless1 because ! ,organon c\ld nev] h l$ m5 to discov] ! /oma*-pump2 & ) ! next brea? !y ask y :at y mean by admir+ ! ,ode on a ,grecian ,urn if y c't give any logical reason = y\r admiration4 ,y\r religion doesn't re/ on a logical f\ndation1 !y say4 ,b does any?+ ( any consequ5ce re/ on a logical f\ndation8 ,c y r$uce ! ,morte d',ar?ur into valid syllogisms 9 ,b>b>a1 c y disprove ,salisbury ,ca!dral by ! aid ( ,cel>5t4 ,:at is ! rational explanation ( our wond] & joy at ! vision ( ! hills8 ,are a great symphony1 ! swell & triumph ( ! organ1 ! voices ( ! *ori/]s1 to be te/$ by ! process ( ! und]/&+8 ,b p]haps ,i am misjudg+ ! p :o ask ^! que/ions4 ,:5 !y say t logic does n discov] tru?1 !y d\btless mean by logic t =mal analysis ( ! ratioc9ative process t is rightly s call$2 b ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t :5 !y condemn religi\s or arti/ic emotions because !y are illogical1 !y mean by illogical t :i* does n conduce to ! ease & com=t ( ! dige/ive app>atus or ! money-mak+ faculty4 ,!y are t]rible fell[s1 y "k1 "s ( ^! p]sons4 ,= example1 ,i ask$1 ) a tone ( undue triumph1 ,i am afraid1 = ! reason :y we exp]i5ce awe & delight 9 ! pres5ce ( ! hills4 ,b 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s my problem w\ld be v quickly solv$4 ,i %\ld be told1 m 9 sorr[ ?an 9 ang]1 t my emotion at ! sight ( c]ta9 %apes ( e>? 0 due to ! fact t hill air 0 highly ozonis$1 & t ! human race _h acquir$ an in/9ctive pleasure 9 brea?+ x1 greatly to its dige/ive pr(it4 ,& if ,i tri$ to turn ! tables by decl>+ t ,i exp]i5c$ an equal1 ?\gh a diff]5t delight 9 ! spectacle ( a desolate1 smok+ m>%1 :]e a r$ sun s9ks f a _w ( %iv]+ re$s1 ,i suppose ,i %\ld he> t "s remote ance/or ( m9e _h f\nd 9 "s su* place pt]odactyls pl5tiful & /rong on ! w+4 ,& if ,i l ! woods1 x 0 because a monkey sat at ! root ( my family tree1 & if ,i love an anci5t g>d5 x is because ,i am second c\s9 to ! worm4 ,!re3 ,i confess x is difficult to keep "o's temp] ) ^! p1 b "o mu/ try to d s4 ,d y rememb] h[ ,trunnion's m>riage 0 delay$8 ,! bridegroom set out bravely ) 8 ret9ue = ! p>i%-*ur*1 :]e ! bride wait$ a :ole half h\r--9 va94 ,a mess5g] 0 s5t :o saw3 ,! :ole troop dispos$ 9 a long field1 cross+ ! road obliquely1 & head$ by ! bridegroom & 8 fri5d ,hat*way1 :o f9d+ himself h9d]$ by a h$ge f proce$+ f>!r 9 ! same direction1 fir$ a pi/ol & /ood ov] to ! o!r side1 mak+ an obtuse angle ) ! l9e ( 8 =m] c\rse2 & ! re/ ( ! squadron foll[$ 8 example1 keep+ always 9 ! re> ( ea* o!r l a flight ( wild geese4 ,surpris$ at ?is /range me?od ( j\rney+1 ! mess5g] came up 444 & desir$ he w\ld proce$ ) m exp$ition4 ,to ?is message ,mr ,trunnion repli$1 ',h>k ye1 bro!r1 don't y see we make all possible spe$8 ,g back1 & tell ^? :o s5t y1 t ! w9d has %ift$ s9ce we weigh$ an*or1 & t we are oblig$ to make %ort trips 9 tack+1 by reason ( ! n>r[ness ( ! *annel2 & t1 z we lie )9 six po9ts ( ! w9d1 !y mu/ make "s all[ance = v>iation & leeway4' ',"l1 sir6' said ! valet1 ':at occasion h y to g zig-zag 9 t mann]8 ,d b clap spurs to y\r horses1 & ride /raight =w>d1 & ,i'll engage y %all be at ! *ur* por* 9 less ?an a qu>t] ( an h\r4' ',:at6 "r 9 ! w9d's eye8' answ]$ ! comm&]4 ',ahey6 bro!r1 :]e did y le>n y\r navigation8' ,y see ,commodore ,trunnion's logic 0 p]fect1 only x 0 ! logic ( seaman%ip & n ( rid+ to *ur* on horseback4 ,!re are a good _m p at ! pres5t day :o are q unable to get to *ur* 9 "t1 = reasons z valid z ,trunnion's2 & :5 ,i he> ( ! sci5tific basis ( lit]ature ,i am always a little rem9d$ ( ^? sc>ecr[s /raggl+ 9 %ort tacks f "o side ( ! lane to ! o!r on _! way to ! w$d+4 ,! moral is1 y "k1 t !y didn't get !re4 ,i tackl$ a mat]iali/ once on v simil> l9es4 ,he began by say+ t "t & ?\ght devot$ to religion 7!y nev] see t art & religion /& or fall toge!r1 religion be+ ! f\ndation ( ! f9e arts7 7 an utt] wa/e ( "t z !y only div]t$ u f consid]ation ( ! pres5t _w1 :i* we ought to /udy to ! utmo/2 & he w5t on to praise "s say+ ( ,confucius on ! folly ( tr\bl+ ab\t ! future ?+s4 ,!n ,i w5t = him4 ,he _h to admit t agriculture is good1 & ,i po9t$ out to him t ,engl& 0 *ang$ f a savage wild]ness into a pleasant g>d5 by ! mona/ic h\ses4 ,he agre$ t to f\nd & end[ hospitals & alms-h\ses 0 n precisely a wa/e ( "t1 & ,i %[$ him t su* in/itutions 7 begun by ! religion ( ! pa/ & c>ri$ on by ! religion ( ! pres5t4 ,!n he all[$1 9 response to my ,socratic "q1 t pa9t+ 0 some?+1 & ,i demon/rat$ t all pa9t+ arose f ! religi\s impulse1 t ! greate/ pa9t+s 9 ! _w 7 meant to adorn *ur*es4 ,!n he admitt$ ! value ( ar*itecture1 & he got ! ,p>!non1 all ! m$ival ca!drals1 & ! wond]ful m\nd temples ( ,ceylon "r at 8 head4 ,he grant$ me t travel civilis$1 & ,i rubb$ 9 ! pilgrimage2 he confess$ t he lik$ to read ! ,lat9 & ,greek classics--sometimes--& he receiv$ f me in=mation z to ! mona/ic scriptorium1 & its "p 9 ! pres]vation ( ! old lit]ature4 ,z = ! bless$ness ( =m+ "o's "* on ! tea*+ ( ,confucius2 !re happ5$ to be an article 9 ! morn+'s pap] on ! ,m&>9 class6 ,well1 my rationali/ hadn't any?+ to say to x at all1 ) ! exception ( "s vague rem>k t ! ,romans made roads1 :i*1 consid]+ ! /ate ( ,engl& 9 ! six? c5tury1 0 ab\t z helpful z ! some:at simil> rem>k ( ,mr ,f's4 ,aunt--t !re are mile/ones on ! ,dov] ,road4 ,i told him t ! only ,roman civilisation :i* contribut$ to ! mak+ ( our c\ntry 0 t br\ght ov] by ,/ ,au/92 & he _h to all[ t 8 /atem5t t religion 0 a wa/e ( "t1 an elaborate =m ( idl5ess1 01 to put x mildly1 n prov54 ,!n he said k9dly b firmly t religion wasn't rational1 & ,i us$ up mo/ ( ! argum5ts t ,i h us$ to-night2 ,i mean1 ,i %[$ him t x is good to pa9t pictures1 to write poems1 to devise romances1 & to compose symphonies1 & t x is also good to m$itate & enjoy all ^! ?+s4 ,h5ce1 he 0 =c$ to admit1 t 8 suppress$ premiss _h be5 disprov$1 & t he mu/ no long] say3 t :i* is n rational is absurd4 ,& !n1 ,i ?9k1 ! fun really began4 ,i c>ri$ ! w> into ! v camp ( ! enemy2 t is1 into actual1 obs]vable life1 into ! e day _w ( fact & exp]i5ce4 ,y talk ab\t reason1 ,i said1 & ,i presume y won't m9d if ,i sub/itute1 occasionally1 common s5se = reason1 z ,i ?9k t 9 y\r phraseology ! two t]ms are v fairly equat$4 ,v well1 !n1 don't y ?9k t !re is a good deal ( common s5se 9 _m ( ! actions ( animals8 ,take ! case ( ! small birds :o mob an owl all day1 9 ord] t _! enemy may be kept awake1 & s unable to hoot at night4 ,take ! case ( ! ants1 :o milk ! aphides1 & g slave-hunt+4 ,take ! bees1 :o rise to an em]g5cy1 & rem$y1 ) s+ul> contrivance1 ! ?reat5$ lack ( a que54 ,take ! dog1 :o br\ght a w\nd$ fell[ to ! hospital :]e he _h be5 cur$4 ,all ^! are in/ances ( common s5se1 ar5't !y1 z rational z ! telegram ,sell ,cobras at once8 ,v good2 animals1 !n1 h a pl5tiful supply ( reason1 & n ( a m]e me*anical reason1 b ( reason t c rise to ! height ( un=ese5 cases1 & rem$y unexpect$ evils4 ,:5 ! exp]im5t] tilt$ ! bees' h\se to "o side1 s t ! equilibrium 0 9 dang]1 a suffici5t numb] ( bees climb$ up1 & plac$ !mselves on ! o!r side s t !y con/itut$ a balance2 "h !re 0 no me*anism1 b a calculat$ & rational contrivance4 ,animals1 !n1 h reason & its effect artifice2 ! adaptation ( means to secure ends4 ,b1 !n1 h[ ab\t in/9ct8 ,by :at motion does ! swall[ make h] ne/ 9 spr+8 ,c ! bee demon/rate ! advantages ( ! hexagon cell8 ,does ! fly1 lay+ its eggs1 "h & !re1 9 ?is or 9 t accord+ to its k9d1 9 meat or 9 dung1 or 9 ! crevices ( a wall1 rationally =esee t x is provid+ = ! future grub its only possible food8 ,no2 b !n animals1 ev51 p]=m irrational actions2 ?\gh !y h common s5se !y d ?+s :i* mu/ be tr\blesome to !m1 at "s in/ance1 :i* is n common s5se4 ,b if a bluebottle lays h] eggs 9 my beef1 & kn[s n :y1 p]haps ,i1 a man1 may s+ ! ,sanctus1 & pray t ,i may be jo9$ cum angelis et ar*angelis1 cum ?ronis et dom9ationbus1 ,cumque omni militi cle/is ex]citus4 ,& consid] our own human life2 ! great c\ps ( w>1 comm]ce1 diplomacy1 ( all ! conduct ( life1 are (t51 or usually1 ! result ( intuitions1 t is ( irrational & inexplicable m5tal processes1 :i* elude all analysis4 ,if ! k1 ! successful & triumphant k ( m5 & affairs & /rategy 7 a rational product2 !n1 inde$1 ,c>lyle's dictum 7 true1 & ea* "o ( u 71 at *oice1 a man ( g5ius 9 diplomacy1 or bus9ess1 or battle4 ,we "k t x is n s1 & t no man by tak+ ?\ght c make himself1 say1 a ,/onewall ,jackson4 ,& we h all he>d ( ! woman's reason--,i don't "k :y ,i am sure t x a1 b ,i am sure--& ?is extremely irrational process (t5 corresponds ) ! tru?4 ,s1 ,i f9i%$ up1 y\r reason f> f be+ ! despot ( ! _w1 turns out to be a humble1 ?\gh useful1 deputy-assi/ant c\ncillor-g5]al1 & is by no means a pr]ogative =ce1 ev5 9 affairs ( common1 ev]yday exi/5ce4 ,:y1 reason1 alone & unassi/$1 won't enable y to make a dec5t liv+ by sell+ ribbons & laces1 & y h be5 try+ to make me accept its dictation 9 ! highe/ affairs ( ! s\l4 ,y h be5 appeal+ f ! ,k+'s ,maje/y 9 ,c\ncil to ! ,magi/rates ( ,little ,p$l+ton 9 ,petty ,sessions assembl$6 ,!n my rationali/ made a po9t4 ,y "k1 he said1 t "s m5 seem to h an almo/ miracul\s skill 9 solv+ ma!matical problems3 w\ld y1 !re=e1 give up tea*+ ! ord9>y ari?metic8 ,i 0 n al>m$2 ,i po9t$ out t ! analogy 0 n q p]fect4 ,! case1 ,i said1 0 ?is4 ,a c]ta9 numb] ( problems 71 confess$ly1 beyond ! jurisdiction ( ! ord9>y ari?metic altoge!r1 b (f]$ no difficulties to ! lightn+ calculator1 :o obta9$ results t 7 demon/ratively correct1 & ,i !re=e ?\ght x well to tru/ to him 9 all problems ( a simil> "*1 ev5 ?\gh ! ord9>y ari?metic1 confess$ly incompet5t1 assur$ me t 8 answ]s 7 :olly unreliable--a case ( a s*oolboy1 well on 9 ,col5so1 sc\t+ ! ,b9omial ,!orem because "o c\ldn't prove x by ,practice or ! ,rule ( ,?ree4 ,i left !n1 unansw]$1 & ,i suppose my fri5d pass$ ! re/ ( ! ev5+ 9 %[+ t ,salisbury ,ca!dral 0 oppos$ to ! facts ( ,biology1 & t ,si/]s ( ,*>ity are to be class$ ) crim9al lunatics4 ,b1 y "k1 ,i 0 ! real lunatic4 ,y w\ld n h argu$ ) me if ,i _h disp>ag$ ! ,greek alphabet1 because x nev] grill$ a s+le /eak2 ,i h9t$ ! c\rse y w\ld probably h pursu$ if ,i _h *anc$ to make su* an al>m+ rem>k4 ,& :y %\ld ,i argue ) ! sect ( ,macaulay1 ) ! tribe :i* utt]s su* /uff z ?is3 ,assur$ly if ! tree :i* ,socrates plant$ & ,plato wat]$ is to be judg$ ( by its fl[]s & leaves1 x is ! noble/ ( trees4 ,b if we take ! homely te/ ( ,bacon--if we judge ! tree by its fruits--our op9ion ( x may be less fav\rable4 ,:5 we sum up ! useful tru?s :i* we owe to t philosophy1 to :at d !y am\nt4444 ,b :5 we look = some?+ m--= some?+ :i* adds to ! com=t or alleviates ! calamities ( ! human race--we are =c$ to own ourselves disappo9t$4 ,no2 !re is1 really1 no?+ to be said4 ,if ! ,le>n$ ,pig f\nd voice & articulate spee* & express$ 8 scorn ( ! poet's art1 s9ce x add$ no?+ to ! pleasures ( ! wa%-tub1 we might wond] b we %\ld n argue2 & x 7 idle to cont5d ) a ,laugh+ ,jackass1 contemptu\sly amus$ by ! *ant+ ( ! ca!dral *oir4 ,&1 p]haps1 y are wond]+ :at all ?is talk ( m9e has to d ) our ma9 subject--lit]ature8 ,b don't y see t all ! :ile ,i h m]ely be5 reit]at+ our old conclusions 9 a new phraseology8 ,i may h appe>$ to y to be ! la/ ( ! ,cavali]s1 gallantly cont5d+ = ! rights ( ,holy ,*ur*1 b1 9 reality1 ,i h be5 %[+1 at e /ep1 t ,jane ,au/5's works are n lit]ature4 ,yes1 b x is s4 ,if ! sci5ce ( life1 if philosophy1 consi/$ ( a s]ies ( ma!matical propositions1 capable ( rational demon/ration1 !n1 ,pride & ,prejudice w\ld be ! highe/ p9nacle ( ! lit]>y art2 b if n1 b oh6 if we1 be+ wondr\s1 j\rney ?r\gh a wond]ful _w1 if all our joys are f above1 f ! o!r _w :]e ! ,%ad[y ,companion walks1 !n no m]e mak+ ( ! lik5ess ( ! ext]nal %ape w be our art1 no v]aci\s docum5t w be our tru?2 b to u1 initiat$1 ! ,symbol w be (f]$1 & we %all take ! ,sign & adore1 b5ea? ! outw>d & p]haps unlovely accid5ts1 ! v ,pres5ce & et]nal indwell+ ( ,god4 ,we h track$ ,ec/asy by _m /range pa?s1 9 div]s /range disguises1 b ,i ?9k t n[1 & only n[1 we h discov]$ its full & p]fect def9ition4 ,= ,artifice is ( ,"t1 b ,art is ( ,et]nity4 ,,app5dix ,poe 0 n altoge!r "r 9 say+ t ! object ( poetry 0 ,beauty z di/+ui%$ f ,tru?4 ,i don't = a mom5t suppose t 8 mean+ 0 amiss1 b ,i h>dly l 8 expression ( x4 ,i %\ld cont5d1 on ! o!r h&1 t poetry ' 1 & lit]ature1 g5]ally1 are ! sole m$ia by :i* ! v highe/ tru? c be convey$4 ,poe1 no d\bt1 meant to /ate a proposition :i* is true & self-evid5t--t poetry has no?+ to d ) sci5tific tru?1 or facts1 or in=mation ( any k9d1 & ,i say t t proposition is self-evid5t1 because we h already se5 t 9 lit]ature1 facts z facts1 h no exi/5ce at all4 ,!y are only words 9 ! language ( lit]>y art1 & are us$ z symbols ( some?+ else4 ,t ,a4 is 9 love ) ,b4 is a sci5tific tru?1 a fact2 b if x be n also a symbol1 x has no lit]>y exi/5ce :atev]2 & ?is ( c\rse is :at ,poe wi%$ to say--lit]ature is n a matt] ( in=mation4 ,b ,i d\bt1 aft] all1 :e!r ,poe _h q grasp$ ! !ory ( lit]ature1 ( all ! arts4 ,y rememb] t he says t he yields to no man 9 8 love ( ! tru?2 & unless he meant ! highe/ tru? ! /atem5t is almo/ nons5sical4 ,no "o1 ,i %\ld imag9e1 surely n ,poe1 w\ld express 8 en?usiasm = facts z facts1 w\ld adore correct in=mation 9 ! ab/ract4 ,y rememb] :at ,rossetti said--t he nei!r knew nor c>$ :e!r ! sun w5t r\nd ! e>? or ! e>? r\nd ! sun--& s f> z art is conc]n$ ?is is1 no d\bt1 ! expression ( ! true fai?1 :i*1 f :at we "k ( ,poe1 w\ld be 8 fai? also4 ,we %\ld !re=e conclude t by tru? he meant philosophical tru?1 ! highe/ tru?1 ! ess5tial tru? z di/+ui%$ f ! accid5tal1 ! univ]sal z di/+ui%$ f ! p>ticul>4 ,yet 9 ! next brea? he contra/s ?is ,tru? ) ,beauty1 be+ cle>ly "u ! impression t !y 7 two diff]5t ?+s4 ,( c\rse he 0 completely mi/ak54 ,9 ! la/ analysis x is entirely true t ,beauty is ,tru? & ,tru? ,beauty3 !y are "o & ! same entity se5 f diff]5t po9ts ( view4 ,y w see h[ ?is fits 9 ) all we h be5 say+ ab\t lit]ature lately3 h[ we c if we please put our te/ ( lit]ature into yet ano!r phraseology4 ,= in/ance3 ,vanity ,fair is in=mation1 :ile ,pickwick is ,tru?2 ! "o tells y a numb] ( facts ab\t ,becky ,%>pe & o!r p1 :ile ! o!r symbolises c]ta9 et]nal & ess5tial elem5ts 9 human nature by means ( incid5ts4 ,&1 z ,i said1 x is d\btful :e!r tru? 9 ?is1 its highe/ & its real significance1 c be adequately express$ 9 any o!r way4 ,all ! pr(\nd v]ities :i* h be5 reveal$ to man h come to him "u ! guise ( my?s & symbols--su* z ! my? ( ,dionysus--& tru? 9 ! =m ( a ma!matical demon/ration or a rational /atem5t is a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,yet note ! pr(\nd vice ( language2 we are oblig$ to use ! same ^w to imply ?+s :i* are sep>at$ by an immeasurable gulf4 ,x is true t ,mrs ,/ick+s s5t away ,e!lb]ta to-night 7y imp>t$ t int]e/+ fact1 & ,i rely on y\r te/imony71 & ! ,don ,quixote is true3 t is1 x conveys to u by means ( symbols ! v]ities ( our own nature4 ,b ,poe _h n grasp$ ! ess5tial di/9ction betwe5 lit]ature & lit]ature4 ,he ?\ght t poetry alone %\ld be beautiful1 or z we %\ld say1 ec/atic2 he did n see t ! qualities :i* make poetry to be :at x is mu/ also be pres5t 9 prose if x is to be some?+ m ?an read+-matt]4 ,poetry ( c\rse is lit]ature 9 its pure/ /ate2 x is1 z ,i ?9k ,i once said1 almo/ ! s\l )\t ! body2 at its highe/ x is almo/ pure art unmix$ ) ! alloy ( artifice4 ,& to c>ry on ! analysis1 ! f9e/ =m ( poetry is necess>ily ! lyrical4 ,:]e y get ! elem5t ( n>rative1 y are apt also to get ! elem5t ( prose2 !re h to be passages l9k+ ! raptures toge!r1 & ^! w1 probably or inde$ necess>ily1 run on l[] levels4 ,( c\rse primitive man _h moods 9 :i* rapture seem$ to embrace ev]y?+1 to inve/ e detail ( exi/5ce ) its own s+ul> & inexplicable glory4 ,a meal by ! sea%ore1 ! dry wood flam+ & crackl+ on ! s&1 ! roa/+ goat's fle%1 ! honey-sweet w9e1 d>k & almo/ z glori\s z ! sea itself--a m]e d9n] ( half-savages1 "o might ?9k x1 b x too seems to h its solemnity & its inn] mean+4 ,i believe ?is elem5t 9 ! e>ly poetry has (t5 be5 notic$2 p h wond]$ at ! nave delight ) :i* ! writ]s describe ! "w ( man's h&s1 & !y are1 ,i ?9k1 incl9$ to acc\nt = x on ! gr\nd t !n ev]y?+ 0 new4 ,?is might pass1 p]haps1 s9ce z y1 no d\bt1 p]ceive1 ev]y?+ new means ev]y?+ unkn[n 7t :i* is kn[n is no long] new71 b ,i h>dly ?9k t ! explanation c /& 9 its pres5t =m4 ,i am n at all up 9 ! !ories :i* assign ?is or t age to ! appe>ance ( man on ! e>?1 b ,i presume t on ! g5tle/ & mo/ antiquat$ computation man mu/ h long kn[n ! _w be=e ,hom] wrote2 s "o sc>cely sees t human skill & art1 ! knack ( mak+ ?+s & ! gift ( adorn+ !m1 c\ld h be5 novelties1 or 9 any s5se1 ?+s unkn[n4 ,i repeat ,i "k no?+ or next to no?+ ab\t ^! dates 9 an?ropology1 b "o has he>d some?+ ab\t ! neoli?ic age1 & ! paloli?ic age1 ab\t ! v e>ly man :o scrat*$ ! rude lik5ess ( a re9de] on ! brute's own bone1 & s !re h>dly seems room = ?is !ory ( novelty4 ,& besides1 z we h se51 ! rapture is univ]sal or all b univ]sal2 x col\rs ! :ole ( life1 includ+ ! meal by ! sea%ore2 & !re1 we see1 !re 0 no possibility ( inv5tion or s5se ( newness4 ,no2 ! !ory is tempt+1 & x w\ld fall 9 p]fectly1 z ,i d>esay y see1 ) all t we h conclud$ ab\t lit]ature1 b ,i really ?9k t x mu/ be def9itely ab&on$4 ,no2 x seems to me t primitive man1 ,hom]ic man1 m$ival man1 man1 inde$1 almo/ to our own day :5 ! ,s*ool ,bo>d 7& o!r ?+s7 h got hold ( him1 _h su* an unconsci\s b all-p]vad+1 all-influ5c+ conviction t he 0 a wond]ful be+1 desc5d$ ( a wond]ful ance/ry1 & surr\nd$ by my/]ies ( all k9ds1 t ev5 ! smalle/ details ( 8 life p>took ( ! rul+ ec/asy2 he 0 s sure t he 0 miracul\s t x seem$ t no "p ( 8 life c\ld escape f ! miracle1 s t to him e meal became a sacram5t4 ,x is ! attitude ( ! primitive man1 ( ! real man1 ( ! *ild1 always & ev]y:]e2 x may be briefly summ$ up 9 ! phrase3 ?+s are because !y are wond]ful4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is ! atmosph]e 9 :i* poets ought to live1 & 9 :i* poetry %\ld be produc$4 ,=m]ly x 0 natural to all m5 or almo/ all2 n[1 p]haps1 x has to be rega9$ by a consci\s ef=t2 & ! difficulty ( ! ef=t1 ! impossibility ( su/a9+ x = long1 expla9 ! supremacy ( lyrical poetry4 ,if y liv$ 9 a _w t c\ld reg>d a common meal z a sacram5t1 y c\ld be supreme 9 n>rative poetry2 b1 t atmosph]e want+1 we h to be cont5t = ! mo/ "p ) ! lyric1 ) ! simple incantation1 )\t any description ( ! circum/ance or occasion4 ,yet prose1 ?\gh x yields 9 mu* to ! _w1 mu/ /ill keep ! same ideal be=e x z poetry4 ,i say1 di/9ctly1 t ! only ess5tial1 def9+ diff]5ce betwe5 ! two is to be s\ght 9 ! numb]+ ( poetry1 9 ! fact t art1 9 its int5se/ raptures1 9 its mo/ truly natural mom5t1 desires & obta9s ! /ricte/ & mo/ =mal laws4 ,x is1 ,i suppose1 immat]ial :at ^! laws are1 rhyme1 assonance1 acc5ts1 feet1 allit]ation1 all te/ify to ! important & ess5tial rule t fre$om is *iefly free :5 x is mo/ b\nd & b\nd$ by re/rictions :i* we %\ld call artificial1 :i* are1 9 tru?1 9 ! highe/ s5se1 natural4 ,& ?is1 ,i am sure1 is ! only possible di/9ction t c be e/abli%$ betwe5 su* a book z ! ,odyssey & su* a book z ! ,morte d',ar?ur4 ,nei!r is prosaic 9 ! common s5se ( ! ^w2 ea* is poetical2 b ! ,greek book is poetry because x is numb]$1 & ! ,engli% is prose because x lacks numb]4 ,( c\rse !re are difficult cases2 hybrids1 z !re always are1 :atev] laws "o may lay d[n4 99 99 99 99 99 ,t ^w natural is ano!r ( ! _m traps t language sets u4 ,i ?9k t its real mean+ has become almo/ rev]s$4 ,take ! av]age man to *ur*1 & ask him 8 op9ion ( ! inton+1 & 9 n9e cases out ( t5 he w say t x may be pretty1 b t x is v unnatural4 ,he means1 ( c\rse1 t speak+ is natural1 & t s++--num]osity ( tone--is n natural1 is1 9 a ^w1 artificial4 ,he is utt]ly wrong4 ,x is artificial to speak 9 ! ord9>y mann]1 :ile ! prie/s' *ant1 & e *ant are purely natural4 ,= ! pro( ( ?is y h only to read a little--a v little--ab\t primitive1 or natural peoples1 or1 m simply1 to li/5 to *ildr5 at play4 ,y w always f9d t :]e conv5tion has n ca/ out nature1 "s k9d ( s+-song1 "s sort ( *ant is ! entirely natural utt]ance ( man 9 8 mo/ f]v5t1 t is1 8 mo/ natural mom5ts4 ,li/5 to half-a-doz5 *ildr5 7*ildr51 y mu/ rememb]1 are all primitives & !re=e natural7 play+ "s game1 le>n+ _! lesson at s*ool4 ,_! voices are pretty sure to fall into a v rude1 b a di/9ctly measur$1 *ant4 ,! ,greek drama 0 inton$1 ! ,koran is inton$1 ! ,wel% prea*] ( to-day at ! impassion$ height ( eloqu5ce beg9s to *ant1 ! ,p]sian passion-plays are recit$ 9 a s+-song4 ,nay1 b li/5 only to our great tragic actor4 ,q unconsci\sly1 ,i am sure1 he has elaborat$ = himself a di/9ctly musical & measur$ utt]ance1 s t a skilful musician1 provid$ ) scor$ pap]1 c\ld note ,irv+'s deliv]y ( _m passages1 z if x 7 music4 ,! ,*9ese language1 ,i am told1 dep5ds l>gely on ! tonal v>iations :i* di/+ui% ! mean+ ( "o ^w f t ( ano!r2 y w f9d ! same ?+ 9 ! ,norwegian2 & ! ,jewi% cantillation1 :i* is s+-song 9 a v simple =m1 be>s witness to ! tru?--t speak+ is acquir$1 conv5tional1 & artificial1 :ile s++ is natural4 ,all ?is w\ld be p]fectly cle> 9 itself1 w\ld require no demon/ration ( any k9d1 if x 7 n = ! fact t we h1 someh[ or o!r1 got into ! way ( mak+ ! v impud5t assumption t man is only natural :5 he is do+ bus9ess on ! ,/ock-,ex*ange or read+ lead+-articles4 ,x seems almo/ too nons5sical an assumption to put into words1 b ,i really d believe t at ! back ( our heads !re is a sort ( vague1 float+ idea t !re nev] 7 any real m5 at all till ! p]iod ( ! fir/ ,re=m ,bill1 & ,i suppose t be=e v long ,"l ,john ,russell w be pu%$ back into ! region ( my?1 & ! f\ndation ( ! ,s*ool ,bo>d w be ! era ( true humanity4 ,i say1 ?is s\nds too ridicul\s1 b exam9e y\rself & see :e!r y don't dimly believe t be=e ! adv5t ( tr\s]s ! :ole _w 0 really play-act+1 t exi/5ce 9 ! days ( lac$ coats 01 9 a way1 a k9d ( phantasmagoria1 & t a man :o wore *a9-mail 0 h>dly a man4 ,i believe x really is s1 & y w f9d ! same nons5se influ5c+ religi\s op9ion4 ,take y\r av]age ,prote/ant1 & ,i am mu* mi/ak5 if y d n discov] t he believes "s grotesque prea*]1 9 8 greasy black suit1 m\?+ platitudes at 8 conv5ticle to be someh[ m natural ?an ! prie/1 clad 9 ! my/ical robes ( 8 (fice1 *ant+ ,mass at ! alt>4 ,b 9 lit]ature--:y ?is p]v]sion ( ! ^w influ5ces ! :ole ( criticism4 ,jane ,au/51 we say1 is natural1 & ,edg> ,allan ,poe is unnatural1 or z x is sometimes express$1 inhuman4 ,( c\rse1 if y wi% = ! tru?1 ! proposition mu/ be rev]s$1 unless y are will+ to believe t a ,company ,prospectus is1 someh[1 m natural & m human ?an1 say1 ,t5nyson's ,fatima4 ,if y ?9k t ! real man is ! /oma*1 !re is1 ( c\rse1 an end ( ! discussion2 b !n we %\ld h to admit t all ! greate/ arti/s ( ! _w 7 maniacs4 ,b y see cle>ly1 don't y1 t all ^! que/ions z to :at we %all get = d9n]1 & :om %all we meet at d9n]1 & 9 :at ord] %all we g into d9n]1 & h[ %all we behave at d9n]1 are 9 no s5se natural1 s9ce !y are all s purely tempor>y1 s9ce !y w be answ]$ by "o age 9 a mann] t w seem :olly unnatural to ! next4 ,t1 ,i ?9k1 is truly natural :i* is un*ang+1 :i* belongs to m5 always1 at all times1 & 9 all ages4 ,9 ?is s5se1 ec/asy is natural to man1 & x f9ds expression 9 ! arts1 9 poetry1 9 romance1 9 s++1 9 melody1 9 danc+1 9 pa9t+1 9 ar*itecture4 ,_m animals h suffici5t artifice to %elt] !mselves f ! wea!r1 no animal has ar*itecture1 or ! art ( beauty 9 build+2 _m animals1 or all animals1 h ! faculty ( communicat+ ) "o ano!r by means ( signs1 b man alone has ! art ( language4 99 99 99 99 99 ,has x ev] /ruck y :ile ,i h be5 talk+ ( ec/asy 9 books1 t x is ne>ly always a "q ( degree1 ( m or less8 ,i ?9k ,i indicat$ z mu* :ile ,i 0 talk+ ab\t ,pickwick2 ,i %[$ h[ ! ec/atic conception _h be5 alloy$ ) mu* bas] matt]1 9 o!r words t !re 0 mu* 9 ,pickwick t 0 by no means lit]ature4 ,&1 ,i d>esay1 ?\gh ,i am n sure1 t if y 7 to g ?r\gh y\r ,m]$i? y might succe$ 9 f9d+ "s passages & s5t5ces :i* are lit]ature1 & = all ,i "k !re may be h9ts ( rapture betwe5 ! l9es ( ,pride & ,prejudice4 ,/ill1 we d n call a man poet on ! /r5g? ( a s+le l9e4 ,b sometimes "o is confront$ ) books :i* are really v difficult to judge1 & ?is sometimes happ5s because ! ec/asy1 ! true lit]>y feel+1 suppos+ x to be pres5t1 is pres5t n "h or !re1 n 9 a phrase or 9 a p>ticul> passage1 b ?r\gh\t1 9 a v weak solution1 if "o may borr[ ! phraseology ( physical sci5ce4 ,we read su* books1 & are puzzl$1 feel+ t1 someh[1 !y are lit]ature1 only we c't say :y1 s9ce on ! face ( x !y seem only to be ent]ta9+ read+4 ,d y "k t ,i c conceive _m p :o w\ld f9d some?+ ( ?is difficulty 9 ,m>k ,twa9's ,huckleb]ry ,f9n8 ,"h y h a tale ( ! rude ,am]ica ( =ty or fifty ye>s ago1 ( a ,mississippi village1 full ( ! mo/ ord9>y p1 ( a boy & a negro :o run away4 ,i don't ?9k anyone ) ! slighte/ p]ception ( lit]ature c\ld read x )\t exp]i5c+ extraord9>y delight1 b ,i c imag9e _m p w\ld be a good deal puzzl$ to ju/ify ! pleasure !y _h receiv$4 ,! /uff ( ! book is s v common & commonplace1 isn't x1 x seems s frankly a r\gh bit ( recollection drawn up f ! au?or's boyi% days ) jott+s add$ f ! "t :5 he 0 a pilot on "o ( ! riv]-boats--x is all s app>5tly devoid ( lit]>y feel+ t ,i am sure _m a read] mu/ h felt greatly a%am$ ( 8 huge enjoym5t4 ,to me ,huckleb]ry ,f9n is n a v difficult case4 ,t flight by night d[n ! great unkn[n1 roll+ riv]1 betwe5 ! dim m>%y l&s & ! high bluffs ( ! o!r %ore comes 9 my m9d well "u ! great ,odyssey class2 x has1 inde$1 ! old1 unqu5*able joy ( w&]+ into ! unkn[n 9 a m acute degree ?an ,pickwick1 :i*1 z we h se51 is to be reckon$ "u ! same head+4 ,9 a ^w x is pure romance1 & y w note t ! /ory is told by a boy1 & t by ?is me?od a l>g] elem5t ( wond] is secur$1 = ev5 9 ?is absurd age *ildr5 are all[$ to be amaz$ at ! spectacle ( ! _w4 ,9 ! m\? ( a man ! tale w\ld necess>ily h lo/ some:at ( its /rang5ess1 s9ce p>tly f affectation1 p>tly f vici\s tra9+1 p>tly f ! absorption ( ! gett+-on process1 gr[n-up p h l>gely succe$$ 9 qu5*+ ! s5se ( my/]y :i* %\ld be _! pr9cipal delight4 ,y h only to read ! av]age book ( travels to see h[ ?is affectation 7or p]v]sion ( ! s\l7 has depriv$ ! see+ be+ ( 8 sight4 ,dip into a book--say a book on ,*9a--& y w probably f9d t ,pek9 /reets are du/y 9 summ] & muddy 9 w9t]1 & t ! au?or caught cold ?r\gh imprud5t ba?+4 ,s x is well = u t ,m>k ,twa9 put 8 /ory 9 ! m\? ( an infant1 :o is frankly at lib]ty to express 8 s5se ( ! m>vels ( ! _w4 ,lat]1 !re is an introduction ( ! lit]>y feel+2 ^? *apt]s ab\t ,jim's ,evasion are v ,c]vantic 9 _! artifice & me?od1 b1 to my ?9k+1 !y h lo/ ! _s1 ?\gh !y pres]ve ! body4 ,!y are mo/ amus+ read+1 b !y are burlesque & no?+ m ?an burlesque2 & f !m "o c almo/ imag9e :at ,don ,quixote w\ld h be5 if x _h be5 writt5 by a v clev] man1 by an artific] :o 0 n an arti/4 ,b ! e>li] *apt]s are wond]fully f9e1 & ,i ?9k t x w\ld be difficult to f9d a m successful r5d]+ ( ! old w&]+ !me ) mod]n language4 99 99 99 99 99 ,b !re is ano!r writ] :o is mu* m difficult to acc\nt =--,i mean ,miss ,wilk9s4 ,i confess ,i f9d h] tales delightful1 & ,i (t5 read !m1 b z y "k ,i am n cont5t to re/ on my own pleasure 9 lit]>y criticism4 ,we are no long] talk+ ( ! great ma/]pieces1 ( ! gigantic a*ievem5ts ( su* m5 z ,hom]1 ,sophocles1 ,rabelais1 ,c]vantes2 we agre$ t :5 we spoke ( ^! great1 endur+ miracles ( art1 x 0 be/ to lay aside all "q ( lik+ or n lik+1 ( read+ (t5 or read+ seldom4 ,b :5 "o comes to mod]n days1 to books :i* h yet to prove _! m]it by ! te/ ( _! endurance1 x is p>donable if "o is sometimes a little confus$1 if "o fails to discrim9ate at once betwe5 ! m]ely int]e/+ & ! really arti/ic4 ,i may be s delight$ ) a book = reasons t h no?+ to d ) art1 t1 by an unconsci\s trick ( ! m9d1 ,i p]suade myself t ,i am read+ lit]ature :ile !re is only read+-matt]4 ,& at "o "t ,i 0 incl9$ to ?9k t ,i _h confus$ ,miss ,wilk9s 9 ?is mann]4 ,=1 on ! surface1 y h 9 h] books m]ely village tales ( ,new ,engl&]s1 tales (t5 s5tim5tal1 (t5 trivial en\gh1 & sometimes1 x w\ld seem1 ( h>dly m ?an local int]e/4 ,h>dly c "o conceive ! possibility ( any ec/asy 9 ^! pleasant /ories2 = !y deal1 o/5tati\sly1 ) ! surface ( ?+s1 ) a bre$ ( ,engli%m5 ^: *ief pride x 0 to hide away & smo!r all ^? passions & emotions :i* are ! peculi> m>k ( man z man4 ,yet1 ,i believe t ,i c ju/ify my love ( ,miss ,wilk9s's "w on a high] gr\nd ?an t ( m]e lik+4 ,9 ! fir/ place ,i agree ) ,mr ,t4 ,p4 ,o',connor1 :o po9t$ out v well t ! passion does come ?r\gh ! res]ve1 & occasionally 9 ! mo/ volcanic mann]4 ,he selects a sc5e f ,pembroke1 9 :i* ! "y p play at "s danc+ game call$ ,cop5hag51 & ,mr ,o',connor %[s t ?\gh ! boys & girls ( ,pembroke knew no?+ ( x1 !y 7 really animat$ by ! _s ( ! ,bac*anals1 t ! fire & gl[ ( passion1 ( ! y\?ful ec/asy1 bur/ ?r\gh all ! h>d cru/s ( ,calv9ism & ,new ,engl& res]ve4 ,& we h agre$ t if a writ] c make passion = u1 if he c create ! image ( ! et]nal human ec/asy1 we h agre$ t 9 su* a case ! writ] is an arti/4 ,b ,i ?9k t !re are o!r ?+s1 m subtle1 m delicately h9t$ ?+s 9 ,miss ,wilk9s's tales2 or r ,i %\ld say t !y are all p]vad$ & fill$ ) an emotion1 :i* ,i c h>dly ?9k t ! writ] has realis$4 ,well1 ,i f9d x difficult to express exactly :at ,i mean1 b ,i ?9k t ! :ole impression :i* "o receives f ^! tales is "o ( lonel9ess1 ( isolation4 ,comp>e ,miss ,wilk9s ) ,jane ,au/51 ! ,new ,engl& /ories ) ,pride & ,prejudice4 ,y might imag9e1 at fir/1 t 9 "o case z 9 ! o!r !re is a s5se ( retirem5t1 ( sep>ation f ! _w1 t ,miss ,au/5's h]o9es are z remote f ! great /reams & :irlpools ( life z any ,jane ,field or ,*>lotte ( ,massa*usetts4 ,b 9 reality ?is is n s4 ,! p 9 ! ,engli% novels are 9 no s5se remote2 !y are m]ely dull2 !y _c be remote1 inde$1 s9ce !y are n human be+s at all b m]ely ! repres5tatives ( c]ta9 sup]ficial mann]s & tricks ( mann] :i* 7 common 9 ! rural ,engl& ( n9ety ye>s ago4 ,remot5ess is an affection ( ! s\l1 & wick]-figures1 dress$ up 9 ! clo!s ( a p]iod1 _c h any su* affections pr$icat$ ( !m2 & consequ5tly ?\gh ,emma or ,elizabe? may appe> v qua9t to u f ! contra/ betwe5 ! mann]s ( ! 't5s & ! 'n9eties1 !y _c be remote4 ,b t does seem to me ! quality ( ^? books ( ,miss ,wilk9s's2 ! p appe> to be v f> (f f ! _w1 to live 9 an isolat$ sph]e1 & ea* "o lives 8 own life1 & dwells ap>t ) 8 own s\l1 & 9 spite ( all ! trivial *att] & circum/ance ( ! village "o feels t ea* is a human be+ mov$ by em95tly human affections4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x seems to me t "o ( ! mo/ important functions ( lit]ature is to seize ! really f9e flav\rs ( life & to pres]ve !m1 z x 71 9 p]man5t =m4 ,:5 we 7 talk+ ab\t ,huckleb]ry ,f9n1 = example1 ,i rememb] t ,i spoke ( x z ! /ory ( a boy :o runs away4 ,b :at a curi\s magic !re is 9 ^! words runs away4 ,doesn't x1 :5 y come to exam9e ! phrase1 exhale ! v ess5ce & _s ( romance8 ,"s "t ago ,i rem9d$ y t ! ess5tial ?+ is conceal$ "u all mann] ( grotesque & unseemly =ms1 t "o c detect a v]itable human passion "u ! cry ( ! news-boy1 %\t+1 ,all ! w9n]s6 ,s ,i ?9k t phrase1 run away1 c>ries to u its mean+ & significance4 ,=1 aft] all1 :at did all ! h]oes ( romance d b run away8 ,!y left ! region ( ! kn[n1 ! famili> fields or ! famili> %ores1 & adv5tur$ out 9 ! great wa/e ( ! unexplor$1 into ! =e/ or ^u ! sea4 ,"h1 p]haps1 y h ! true int]pretation ( ! phrase div9e discont5t1 = surely only t is div9e :i* revolts f ! commonness ( ! common life1 :i* is consci\s ( ?+s beyond1 ( bett] ?+s1 ( a _w :i* transc5ds all daily exp]i5ce4 ,i said once1 ,i ?9k1 t ! ,engli% passion = trad+ goes v well ) ! supremacy ( ,engli% poetry1 s9ce poetry & %op-keep+ are b diff]5t expressions ( ! "o idea2 & "h aga9 y f9d confirmation ( ! !ory 9 t v m>k$ ,engli% *>act]i/ic--! desire ( w&]+1 ( go+ on & on 9 ! mann] ( a knight errant or a fairy tale h]o4 ,( c\rse1 9 practice1 ?is really div9e impulse is corrupt$ by all k9ds ( e>?ly1 second>y motions2 & j z ! love ( a v5ture :i* is at ! root ( trade (t5 or always ends 9 a v vulg> wi% to make money & m money & to set up a br\gham & conf\nd ! ,smi?s1 s ! great joy ( exploration1 ( runn+ away f ! mapp$ & *>t$ l& has = its issues ! developm5t ( m>kets1 ! progress ( civilisation1 ! pr(itable sale ( poison1 & all mann] ( base & blackgu>dly manuvres4 ,b1 ( c\rse1 "o expects all ?is2 x is ! inevitable mixture ( ! l[] ) ! high] :i* *>act]ises all our human ways4 ,/ill ! high] motive dwells )9 u--,i suspect1 inde$1 t if x 7 n = ! high] ! l[] c\ld h>dly fl\ri%--& s :5 y he> t a boy has run away to sea or else:]e ,i wi% y to ?9k k9dly ( him z a survival ( ! mo/ primitive & important human passions4 ,yes1 ,i ?9k ,i am "r 9 say+ t ! l[] ?+s ( humanity only fl\ri% 9 consequ5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( ! high]4 ,take ! ,fr5* nation1 = example4 ,x is inf9itely m b5t on ga9 = ! m]e sake ( ga9 ?an ! ,engli%2 x is ready to "w h>d]1 to give m "t1 to live m unpleasantly1 to eat less & to dr9k less ?an ! ,engli%2 & all 9 ! pursuit ( money4 ,rationally1 9 %ort1 ! ,fr5* %\ld be inf9itely bett] m5 ( bus9ess ?an ! ,engli%2 & yet we "k t ?is is n s1 t ! ,engli% is1 p> excell5ce1 ! bus9ess nation4 ,s]i\sly1 ,i believe1 t ?is is s because ! ,fr5* are money-grubb]s & no?+ m1 because !y hate a risk ( any k9d1 because !y abhor any k9d ( m]cantile v5tur+ into ! unkn[n4 ,9 o!r words1 !y engage 9 money-mak+ simply = ! sake ( mak+ money3 !y h no joy ( ! haz>d1 !y w nev] des]ve ! title ( m]*ant adv5tur]s1 &1 !re=e1 !y rema9 9 tru? a nation ( %opkeep]s & ( second-rate %opkeep]s4 ,sir1 a man ( acute intellig5ce w\ld1 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 h d$uc$ ! future /ate ( ,fr5* & ,engli% comm]ce1 ( ,fr5* & ,engli% colonization f a comp>ison betwe5 ,%akespe>e & ,rac9e4 ,i h no d\bt t ! ,phnicians 7 %opkeep]s ( ! ,fr5* k9d1 & h5ce _! ext9ction1 _! %ad[y survival m]ely 9 ! hi/ory ( _! conqu]ors4 99 99 99 99 99 ,y ?9k ! ,roman ,empire a =midable objection to my !ory1 because ,roman lit]ature & ,roman art %[1 9 g5]al1 s little ( ! imag9ative1 adv5tur\s faculty8 ,i ?9k ! objection is =midable1 b ,i believe t x c be r$>gu$1 z ,dom9ie ,sampson us$ to say4 ,! ,roman ,empire 0 su* a purely milit>y settlem5t1 wasn't x8 x 01 if "o may say s1 a g>rison+ ( ! _w1 n 9 any way a real coloniz+ 9 ! ,greek & ! ,engli% s5se4 ,& 9 ! second place1 d y "k t ,i h grave d\bts :e!r we "k v mu* ( ! ,roman _s f ! ,roman lit]ature4 ,h[ f> into ! ,engli% "* w\ld ! works ( ! excell5t ,dr4 ,johnson c>ry u8 ,"o h>dly f9ds ,*auc]1 ! ,elizabe?ans1 ! ,cavali] poets1 ,keats or ,wordswor? 9 ,rasselas & ,! ,rambl]1 & ,i h always suspect$ t ,lat9 lit]ature 0 9 a great measure ,johnsoniz$1 p]iwigg$1 hidd5 & p]v]t$ by ! irresi/ible flood ( ,greek culture4 ,x may be a p>adox1 b ,i h a v /rong conviction t ! ,missal & ! ,brevi>y tell u m ab\t ! true ,lat9 "* ?an ,cic]o & ,horace4 ,b we mu/ be ?ankful t 9 ! sixte5? & e>ly sev5te5? c5turies ,engl& /ood alo( f ! cont95t ( ,europe1 & t :5 x did borr[ x trans=m$ & transmut$ s t ! orig9al entirely lo/ its =eign "*4 ,i always ?9k t *ange ( ,madame de ,qu]\aille into ,madam ,c>ewell su* a wond]ful in/ance ( our nationalism--our trans=m+ =ce6 ,if x _h be5 o!rwise1 if we _h grovell$ be=e ! lit]ature ( ,france or ,spa9 or ,italy1 z ,rome grovell$ be=e ! lit]ature ( ,greece--well1 p]haps1 ,engli% lit]ature w\ld h meant ,*evy ,*ace & a few old ballads1 & ! eighte5? c5tury6 ,i hate ! ,re=mation1 b p]haps x sav$ our lit]ature1 simply by isolat+ ! nation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i claim$1 ,i ?9k1 lit]>y m]it = ,miss ,wilk9s because h] books give out an impression ( lonel9ess4 ,i ?9k t is s1 b ,i %\ld l to po9t out t lonel9ess is m]ely ano!r synonym = t "o prop]ty :i* makes ! diff]5ce betwe5 real lit]ature & read+-matt]4 ,if y look into ! ,fr5* lit]ature ( ! la/ two hundr$ ye>s & compla9 ( its elegant no?+ness1 ( its :olly second>y "*1 ,i w\ld po9t out t x is second-rate because x is ! expression1 n ( ! lonely human s\l1 l a />1 dwell+ ap>t1 b ( society1 ( ! ruelles1 ( ! salon1 ( polite company1 ( ! caf & ! b\lev>d4 ,i am n mak+ an accusation1 ,i am adopt+ ! t]ms ( ! em95t ,m4 de ,brunetire1 :o tells u1 ,i ?9k1 t ,fr5* lit]ature is beautiful because x is fir/ly sociable1 & secondly because x is a k9d ( a long talk to ladies4 ,i h>dly ?9k t ,i ne$ g into ! m]its ( ! "q2 y & ,i1 ,i take x1 are conv9c$ ( ! va/ immeasurable inf]iority ( ,rac9e to ,%akespe>e 7) ^! two names "o sums up ! :ole debate71 b ,i am q sure t ,m4 de ,brunetire has giv5 ! true reason ( ! ,fr5* lit]ature be+ on ! di/9ctly l[ level4 ,x is always ,?ack]ay1 x is always ,pope1 x is always ,jane ,au/52 x is1 9 our s5se ( ! ^w1 n lit]ature at all1 ?\gh1 to be sure1 its artifice is (t5 ( ! mo/ exquisite description4 ,( c\rse ,i d n speak ( ! ultimate reason--t is to be s\ght1 ,i presume1 9 ! m5tal con/itution ( ! nation--b :5 "o reads ,m4 de ,brunetire's acc\nt ( ! =mation ( mod]n ,fr5* lett]s1 & notes 8 insi/ance on ! social elem5t z ! *ief factor1 "o may be pretty sure t ?is social factor is responsible = ! pleasant nullities :i* we all "k4 ,y may feel pretty c]ta91 ,i ?9k1 t real lit]ature has always be5 produc$ by m5 :o h pres]v$ a c]ta9 lonel9ess ( s\l1 if n ( body2 ! ma/]pieces are n g5]at$ by t pleasant & witty traffic ( ! draw+-rooms1 b by ! sil5ce ( ! et]nal hills4 ,rememb]2 we h settl$ t lit]ature is ! expression ( ! /&+ out1 ( ! )drawal ( ! s\l1 x is ! endeav\r ( e age to return to ! fir/ age1 to an age1 if y l1 ( savages1 :5 a man crept away to ! rocks or to ! =e/s t he might utt]1 all alone1 ! secrets ( 8 own s\l4 ,s ?is is my plea = ,miss ,wilk9s4 ,i ?9k t %e has indicat$ ?is condition ( ec/asis2 %e has pa9t$ a society1 inde$1 b a society 9 :i* ea* man /&s ap>t1 responsible only = himself & to himself1 consci\s only ( himself & 8 ,god4 ,y w note ?is1 if y read h] c>efully1 y w see h[ ?is doctr9e ( awful1 individual lonel9ess prevails s f> t x is c>ri$ into ! necess>y & ord9>y transactions ( social life1 (t5 ) results t are v absurd4 ,_m ( ! p 9 h] /ories are s absolutely conv9c$ ( _! lonel9ess1 s c]ta9 t !re are only two p]sons 9 ! :ole univ]se--ea* man & 8 ,god--t !y d n %r9k f transgress+ & fl\t+ all ! social ord]s & regulations1 9 spite ( _! v /rong & social in/9ct draw+ !m 9 ! opposite direction4 ,y rememb] ! man :o v[$ t "u c]ta9 circum/ances he w\ld sit on ! meet+-h\se /eps e ,sunday8 ,he kept 8 v[--= t5 ye>s ,i ?9k--& he kept x 9 spite ( 8 pr(\nd horror ( ridicule1 ( do+ :at o!r p didn't d1 9 spite ( 8 own happ9ess2 b he kept x because he realis$ 8 lonel9ess1 because he saw q cle>ly t he mu/ /& or fall by 8 own ^w & 8 own promise1 & t ! op9ions ( o!rs c\ld be ( no possible importance to him4 ,! in/ance is ludicr\s1 ev5 to ! v]ge ( f>ce1 & yet ,i call x a witness to ! ev]la/+ tru? t1 at la/1 ea* man mu/ /& or fall alone1 & t if he w\ld /&1 he mu/1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 live alone ) 8 own s\l4 ,x is f ?is mood ( lonely rev]ie & ec/asy t lit]ature proce$s1 & ,i ?9k t ! s5se ( all ?is is diffus$ ?r\gh\t ,miss ,wilk9s's ,new ,engl& /ories4 99 99 99 99 99 ,y ask me = a new te/--or r = a new expression ( ! "o te/--t sep>ates lit]ature f ! mass ( /uff :i* is n lit]ature4 ,i w give y a te/ t w />tle y2 lit]ature is ! expression1 ?r\gh ! /hetic m$ium ( words1 ( ! dogmas ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & t :i* 9 any way is out ( h>mony ) ^! dogmas is n lit]ature4 ,yes1 x is really s2 b n exactly 9 ! s5se :i* y suppose4 ,no lit]al compliance ) ,*ri/ianity is ne$$1 no1 nor ev5 an acqua9tance ) ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ,greeks1 celebrat+ ! fe/ivals ( ,dionysus1 ,c]vantes rec\nt+ ! fool]ies ( ,don ,quixote1 ,dick5s measur+ ,mr ,pickwick's glasses ( cold pun*1 ,rabelais ) 8 ?ir/y ,pantagruel 7 all suffici5tly ,ca?olic f our po9t ( view1 & ! cultus ( ,aphrodite is m]ely a symbol misund]/ood & possibly corrupt$1 & if y c describe an initiatory dance ( savages 9 ! prop] mann]1 ,i %all call y a good ,ca?olic4 ,y say t ,rob]t ,elsm]e is n lit]ature1 & y are p]fectly "r1 b ,i hope y don't condemn x because x conta9s argum5ts direct$ aga9/ ! ,ca?olic ,fai?8 ,^!1 f our own /&po9t1 are simply no?+ at all1 n reckon+ ei!r way4 ,we pass !m ov]1 j z we %\ld pass ov] a passage on quadratic equations pleasantly int]polat$ by an au?or into ! body ( 8 romance4 ,! consci\s op9ions ( a writ] are simply n wor? twop5ce 9 ! c\rt ( lit]ature2 :o c>es to enquire into ! !ology ( ,keats8 ,b :5 we f9d n only ! consci\sness b also ! subconsci\sness p]meat$ by ! impression t man is a logical1 rationali/ic creature & no?+ m1 :5 ! total impression ( ! human be+ ga!r$ f ! book is ( a simply demon/rat+ & demon/rable animal2 !n1 we may be p]fectly assur$ t we h n to deal ) lit]ature4 ,x is ! subconsci\sness1 rememb]1 alone t matt]s2 & 7to put x aga9 !ologically7 y w f9d t books :i* are n lit]ature proce$ f ignorance ( ! ,sacram5tal ,sy/em4 ,?ack]ay 0 an unconsci\s h]etic1 :ile ,george ,eliot 0 a consci\s "o1 b ea* 0 ignorant ( ! mean+ ( ,sacram5talism1 & s1 mak+ all[ance = ! fact t ! "o 0 a clev] man1 :ile ! o!r 0 a dull1 indu/ri\s woman1 y h f ea* a view ( life t is sub/antially ! same1 & entirely false4 ,ea* 0 pr(\ndly conv9c$ t !re are mile/ones on ! ,dov] ,road1 & ea*1 9 8 sev]al way1 0 s int5t on ! tru? ( ?is proposition 7& x is a p]fectly true "o7 t ! secret ( ! sc5]y & ! secret ( ,cant]bury ,ca!dral are altoge!r to seek 9 _! books4 ,c]ta9ly ! g5tleman is a delightful companion1 & ! mile/ones seem few inde$ :ile we are on ! way1 :ile ) ! o!r guide we feel l a girls' s*ool1 compell$ to li/5 to ! n[1 "y ladies & ! lessons :i* e object on ! road sugge/s4 ,/ill1 ! total view is mu* ! same1 ! same 9 g5us if n 9 species1 & y may add ,flaub]t to y\r companions on ! road & y w be 9 ! same case4 ,b read a *apt] ( ,don ,quixote2 y w n be aw>e ( ! exi/5ce ( ! mile/ones1 s9ce y\r gaze is fix$ on ! my/]y ( ! woods1 & y are a pilgrim to ! blissful %r9e beyond4 ,don't imag9e t y c improve y\r lit]>y *ances by subscrib+ ! ,cate*ism or ! ,decrees ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t4 ,no2 ,i c give y no su* %ort & easy plan = excell+2 b ,i tell y t unless y h assimilat$ ! f9al dogmas--! et]nal tru?s--^u :i* ^? ?+s re/1 consci\sly if y please1 b subconsci\sly ( necessity1 y c nev] write lit]ature1 h[ev] clev] & amus+ y may be4 ,?9k ( x1 & y w see t f ! lit]>y /&po9t1 ,ca?olic dogma is m]ely ! witness1 "u a special symbolism1 ( ! endur+ facts ( human nature & ! univ]se2 x is m]ely ! voice :i* tells u di/9ctly t man is n ! creature ( ! draw+-room & ! ,/ock ,ex*ange1 b a lonely awful s\l confront$ by ! ,s\rce ( all ,s\ls1 & y w realise t to make lit]ature x is necess>y to be1 at all ev5ts1 subconsci\sly ,ca?olic4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h y notic$ h[ _m ( ! greate/ writ]s1 s f> f desir+ t complim5t ( fidelity to life d _! be/ to get away f life1 to make _! books1 9 ord9>y phraseology1 unreal8 ,i d n "k :e!r anybody has comp>$ ! facts be=e or made ! only possible inf]5ce f !m2 b y rememb] h[ ,rabelais pr(esses to d]ive 8 book f a little m\ldy manuscript1 f\nd 9 a tomb1 h[ ,c]vantes1 beg9n+ 9 propria p]sona au?oris1 breaks (f & discov]s ! true hi/ory ( ,don ,quixote 9 ! ,arabic ,manuscript ( ,cid ,hamet ,b55geli1 h[ ,haw?orne prologises ) ! cu/om-h\se at ,salem1 & lights1 9 an old lumb]-room1 on ! docum5ts tell+ him ! hi/ory ( ! ,sc>let ,lett]4 ,pickwick 0 a transcript ( ! ,transactions or ,pap]s ( ! ,pickwick ,club1 & ,t5nyson's ,morte ,d',ar?ur %elt]s itself1 9 ! same way1 beh9d ! p]sonality ( an imag9>y writ]4 ,!re is a v pr(\nd significance 9 all ?is1 & y f9d a trace ( ! same in/9ct 9 ! ,greek ,trag$ies :]e ! f9al sc5e1 ! p]ipeteia1 is n %[n on ! /age1 b describ$ by a mess5g]4 ,! fact is t ! true arti/1 s f> f be+ ! imitator ( life1 endures "s ( 8 sev]e/ /ruggles 9 endeav\r+ to get away f life1 & until he c d ?is he kn[s t 8 lab\r is all 9 va94 ,x w\ld be amus+ to trace all ! v>i\s devices :i* h be5 us$ to secure ?is effect ( sep>ation1 ( )drawal f ! common track ( common ?+s4 ,i h j po9t$ out "o1 ! hid+ ( ! au?or1 z x 71 beh9d a mask1 & 9 ! ,greek ,play ! analog\s talk+ ( :at has happ5$ 9 place ( visibly %[+ x1 b !re mu/ be _m m4 ,f ?is in/9ct ,i imag9e arises ! hi/orical novel 9 all its =ms1 y make y\r /ory remote by plac+ x f> back 9 "t1 by ! exhibition ( /range dresses & unfamili> mann]s4 ,or aga9 y may get virtually ! same effect by us+ ! remot5ess ( space1 by play+ on ! !me f>1 f> away :i* really calls up a v simil> emotion to t produc$ by ! o!r !me ( long1 long ago1 or once on a "t1 z ! fairy tale has x4 ,briefly we may say t all /rang5ess ( incid5t1 or plot1 or /yle makes = ?is "o end2 & ( c\rse y see t all ?is is only ! repetition ( our old text 9 ano!r =m4 ,x is1 p]haps1 h>dly necess>y to give ! caution t1 on ! pr9ciple ( corruptio optimi1 !re is no?+ m melan*oly ?an ! book :i* has ! body ( f9e lit]ature )\t ! s\l1 :i* uses lit]>y me?ods )\t und]/&+4 ,y ne$n't ask = pro(s ( t proposition2 our memories are agha/ ) recollections ( futile hi/orical novels1 ( ! t]rific s*ool ( ! two horsem51 & e ,*ri/mas br+s its huge budget ( ^? dreadful boys' books1 :i* c>ry commonplace to ! v ends ( ! e>?1 & occasionally p5etrate to ! />s4 ,& 9 /yle1 too1 :at c be m depress+ ?an ! /yle :i* is meant to be /range & is only flatul5t8 ,9 _m cases ( c\rse su* books z ,i h allud$ to are m]e survivals ( tradition1 conv5tions ( bookmak+ :i* be> witness to ! fact t pirates & treasure-ho>ds 7 once symbols ( wond]1 & ! extravagancies ( /yle are probably to be acc\nt$ = 9 ! same way4 ,at "s remote p]iod x may1 possibly1 h be5 effective to call ! sun1 ! glori\s orb1 & ev5 n[ "s m9ds may be made to realise ! /rang5ess ( great flights ( birds by ! phrase ! fea!r$ ,z+>i ( ! air2 b if "o is a little sophi/icat$ "o feels ! pa?os & ! futility ( su* ef=ts4 ,! writ] has felt & exp]i5c$ ! wond] ( ?+s--! beauty ( ! sun & ! hi]oglyphic my/]y ( ! figures t ! birds make 9 ! air--& he feels1 q rightly1 t to describe wond]s "o mu/ sugge/ wond] by words4 ,un=tunately1 he breaks d[n at ?is po9t1 & falls back on unhappy phrases t give ! v opposite impression to t :i* he wi%es to excite4 ,"h y h ! :ole hi/ory ( poetic diction4 ,! in/9ct is 9 itself an entirely "r "o1 & ,i ne$ h>dly say t ! ma/]s--^? :o h ! secret--c use ar*aic =ms1 obsolete con/ructions1 conv5tional phrases ev51 ) miracul\s effect4 ,b ! beg9n] w\ld d well to be w>y ( ^! ?+s1 & to turn 8 face resolutely away f fl[]y meads & all ! family ( inv]sions4 ,h[ is "o to "k :5 su* phrases may be us$8 ,if ,i c\ld give y ! answ] to t "q ,i %\ld be also giv+ y ! secret ( mak+ lit]ature1 & f all our talks ,i expect y h ga!r$ ?is mu* at all ev5ts--t ! art ( lit]ature1 ) all ! arts1 is q incommunicable4 ,_m k9ds ( artifice1 ev51 are untea*able--,i c\ld n write or be taught to write "o ( ^? ,george ,eliot novels t ,i h be5 abus+ ) su* he>ty good w--b art is by its v def9ition q )\t ! jurisdiction ( ! s*ools1 & ! realm ( ! reason+ process1 s9ce art is a miracle1 sup]ior to ! laws4 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,turnbull ,,& ,,spe>s1 ,,ed9burgh 99 99 99 99 99 ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes ,! v>iant spell+s bookcase & book-case1 bookmak+ & book-mak+1 milk pun* & milk-pun*1 subconsci\sness & sub-consci\sness1 ,morte ,d',ar?ur & ,morte d',ar?ur are all us$ 9 ?is text4 ,!re is no consi/5cy 9 ! use ( italics1 s+le quotes or d\ble quotes4 ,= example ,vanity ,fair1 ,vanity ,fair & ',vanity ,fair' all appe>4 ,! spell+s gurgoyles 7p4 #acb71 insi/ance 7p4 #aif71 ec/asis 7p4 #aif7 & extravagancies 7p4 #bjd7 h be5 left un*ang$4 ,! foll[+ am5dm5ts h be5 made3 #a7;,full /op 7p]iod7 add$ aft] ,sophocles on p4 #ec1 aft] runs away on p4 #ahi & aft] ,dr 9 ,dr ,johnson on p4 #aic4 #b7 ,full /op replac$ by "q m>k aft] unreal on p4 #bad4 #c7 ,! acc5ts on two ,greek words on p4 #ef h be5 am5d$3 acc5t on 7:]e !re 0 a circumflex ov] ! 9 defiance ( all laws7 am5d$ to & am5d$ to 4 #d7 ,! brea?+ on on p4 #aje has be5 correct$ to 4 ,a ,table ( ,cont5ts has be5 add$4