,! ,expositor's ,bible ,! ,books ( ,*ronicles ,by ,william ,h5ry ,b5nett ,pr(essor ( ,old ,te/am5t ,languages & ,lit]ature1 ,mackney & ,new ,colleges2 ,sometime ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge ,hodd] ,/\ghton ,new ,york ,george ,h1 ,doran ,company ,,cont5ts ,preface ,book ,i4 ,introduction4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,date ,& ,au?or%ip4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,hi/orical ,sett+4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,s\rces ,& ,mode ,( ,composition4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,! ,importance ( ,*ronicles4 ,book ,,ii4 ,g5ealogies4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,names4 #a ,*ron4 i-ix4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,h]$ity4 #a ,*ron4 i4-ix4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,/ati/ics4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,family ,traditions4 #a ,*ron4 i4 #aj1 #ai1 #df2 ii4 #c1 #g1 #cd2 iv4 #i1 #aj1 #ah1 #bb1 #bg1 #cd-dc2 v4 #aj1 #ah-bb2 vii4 #ba-bc2 viii4 #ac4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,! ,jewi% ,community ,9 ,! ,"t ,( ,! ,*ronicl]4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,tea*+ ,by ,ana*ronism4 #a ,*ron4 ix4 7cf4 xv41 xvi41 xxiii4-xxvii41 etc474 ,book ,,iii4 ,messianic ,& ,o!r ,types4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,tea*+ ,by ,types4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,david--,i4 ,8 ,tribe ,& ,dyna/y4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,david--,,ii4 ,8 ,p]sonal ,hi/ory4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,david--,,iii4 ,8 ,(ficial ,dignity4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,solomon4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,solomon 7cont9u$74 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,! ,wick$ ,k+s4 #b ,*ron4 xxviii41 etc4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,! ,prie/s4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,! ,prophets4 ,*apt] ,x4 ,satan4 #a ,*ron4 xxi4-xxii4 #a4 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,conclusion4 ,book ,,iv4 ,! ,int]pretation ,( ,hi/ory4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,! ,la/ ,pray] ,( ,david4 #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #aj-ai4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,rehoboam ,& ,abijah3 ,! ,importance ,( ,ritual4 #b ,*ron4 x4-xiii4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,asa3 ,div9e ,retribution4 #b ,*ron4 xiv4-xvi4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,jeho%aphat--,! ,doctr9e ,( ,non-,resi/ance4 #b ,*ron4 xvii4-xx4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,jehoram1 ,ahaziah1 & ,a?aliah3 ,! ,consequ5ces ( a ,=eign ,m>riage4 #b ,*ron4 xxi4-xxiii4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,joa% & ,amaziah4 #b ,*ron4 xxiv4-xxv4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,uzziah1 ,jo?am1 & ,ahaz4 #b ,*ron4 xxvi4-xxviii4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,hezekiah3 ,! ,religi\s ,value ,( ,music4 #b ,*ron4 xxix4-xxxii4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,manasseh3 ,rep5tance ,& ,=giv5ess4 #b ,*ron4 xxxiii4 ,*apt] ,x4 ,! ,la/ ,k+s ,( ,judah4 #b ,*ron4 xxxiv4-xxxvi4 ,footnotes ,,preface ,to exp\nd ,*ronicles 9 a s]ies :i* has dealt ) ,samuel1 ,k+s1 ,ezra1 & ,nehemiah is to glean scatt]$ e>s f a field already h>ve/$4 ,sections common to ,*ronicles ) ! old] hi/ories h !re=e be5 treat$ z briefly z is consi/5t ) pres]v+ ! cont9uity ( ! n>rative4 ,moreov]1 an exposition ( ,*ronicles does n dem& or w>rant an attempt to write ! hi/ory ( ,judah4 ,to recomb9e ) ,*ronicles matt] :i* its au?or delib]ately omitt$ w\ld only obscure ! *>act]i/ic tea*+ he int5d$ to convey4 ,on ! "o h&1 8 selection ( mat]ial has a religi\s significance1 :i* mu/ be asc]ta9$ by c>eful comp>ison ) ,samuel & ,k+s2 on ! o!r h&1 we c only d ju/ice to ! *ronicl] z we ourselves adopt1 = ! "t be+1 8 own attitude t[>ds ! hi/ory ( ,hebrew politics1 lit]ature1 & religion4 ,9 ! m /rictly expository p>ts ( ?is volume ,i h s\ght to conf9e myself to ! c>ry+ out ( ^! pr9ciples4 ,among/ o!r obligations to fri5ds1 ,i mu/ specially m5tion my indebt$ness to ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,h4 ,d>l[1 ,m4,a41 = a c>eful read+ ( ! pro(-%eets & _m v valuable sugge/ions4 ,"o object ,i h _h 9 view has be5 to attempt to %[ ! fre% =ce & cle>ness ) :i* mod]n me?ods ( ,biblical /udy h emphasis$ ! spiritual tea*+ ( ,*ronicles4 ,,book ,i4 ,,introduction4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,date ,& ,au?or%ip4 ,*ronicles is a curi\s lit]>y torso4 ,a comp>ison ) ,ezra & ,nehemiah %[s t ! ?ree orig9ally =m$ a s+le :ole4 ,!y are writt5 9 ! same peculi> late ,hebrew /yle2 !y use _! s\rces 9 ! same me*anical way2 !y are all saturat$ ) ! ecclesia/ical _s2 & _! ,*ur* ord] & doctr9e re/ ^u ! complete ,p5tateu*1 & especially ^u ! ,prie/ly ,code4 ,!y take ! same ke5 int]e/ 9 g5ealogies1 /ati/ics1 build+ op]ations1 ,temple ritual1 prie/s & ,levites1 & mo/ ( all 9 ! ,levitical doorkeep]s & s+]s4 ,ezra & ,nehemiah =m an obvi\s cont9uation ( ,*ronicles2 ! latt] "w breaks (f 9 ! middle ( a p>agraph int5d$ to introduce ! acc\nt ( ! return f ! ,captivity2 ,ezra repeats ! beg9n+ ( ! p>agraph & gives its conclusion4 ,simil>ly ! regi/] ( ! high-prie/s is begun 9 #a ,*ron4 vi4 #d-ae & complet$ 9 ,neh4 xii4 #aj1 #aa4 ,we may comp>e ! :ole "w to ! image 9 ,daniel's vision ^: head 0 ( f9e gold1 8 brea/ & arms ( silv]1 8 belly & 8 ?ighs ( brass1 8 legs ( iron1 8 feet "p ( iron & "p ( clay4 ,ezra & ,nehemiah pres]ve "s ( ! f9e/ hi/orical mat]ial 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & are our only au?ority = a mo/ important crisis 9 ! religion ( ,israel4 ,! torso t rema9s :5 ^! two books are remov$ is ( v mix$ "*1 p>tly borr[$ f ! old] hi/orical books1 p>tly tak5 d[n f late tradition1 & p>tly con/ruct$ accord+ to ! curr5t philosophy ( hi/ory4 ,! date7#a7 ( ?is "w lies some:]e betwe5 ! conque/ ( ! ,p]sian empire by ,alex&] & ! revolt ( ! ,maccabees1 i4e41 betwe5 ,b4,c4 #ccb & ,b4,c4 #aff4 ,! regi/] 9 ,neh4 xii4 #aj1 #aa1 closes ) ,jaddua1 ! well-kn[n high-prie/ ( ,alex&]'s "t2 ! g5ealogy ( ! h\se ( ,david 9 #a ,*ron4 iii4 ext5ds to ab\t ! same date1 or1 accord+ to ! anci5t v]sions1 ev5 d[n to ab\t ,b4,c4 #bjj4 ,! ecclesia/ical sy/em ( ! prie/ly code1 e/abli%$ by ,ezra & ,nehemiah ,b4,c4 #ddd1 0 ( su* old /&+ to ! au?or ( ,*ronicles t he introduces x z a matt] ( c\rse into 8 descriptions ( ! wor%ip ( ! mon>*y4 ,ano!r feature :i* ev5 m cle>ly indicates a late date is ! use ( ! t]m 8k+ ( ,p]sia0 in/ead ( simply 8! ,k+0 or 8! ,great ,k+40 ,! latt] 7 ! cu/om>y designations ( ! ,p]sian k+s :ile ! empire la/$2 aft] its fall1 ! title ne$$ to be qualifi$ by ! "n 8,p]sia40 ,^! facts1 toge!r ) ! /yle & language1 w\ld be be/ acc\nt$ = by a date some:]e betwe5 ,b4,c4 #cjj & ,b4,c4 #bej4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,maccaban /ruggle revolutionis$ ! national & ecclesia/ical sy/em :i* ,*ronicles ev]y:]e takes = grant$1 & ! sil5ce ( ! au?or z to ?is revolution is conclusive pro( t he wrote be=e x began4 ,!re is no evid5ce :atev] z to ! "n ( ! au?or2 b 8 int5se int]e/ 9 ! ,levites & 9 ! musical s]vice ( ! ,temple1 ) its or*e/ra & *oir1 r5d]s x extremely probable t he 0 a ,levite & a ,temple-s+] or musician4 ,we might comp>e ! ,temple1 ) its ext5sive build+s & num]\s prie/hood1 to an ,engli% ca!dral e/abli%m5t1 & ! au?or ( ,*ronicles to "s vic>-*oral1 or1 p]haps bett]1 to ! m dignifi$ prec5tor4 ,he w\ld be en?usia/ic ov] 8 music1 a cl]ic ( /udi\s habits & s*ol>ly ta/es1 n a man ( ! _w1 b absorb$ 9 ! affairs ( ! ,temple1 z a monk 9 ! life ( 8 conv5t or a m9or canon 9 ! politics & society ( ! m9/] close4 ,! times 7 uncritical1 & s our au?or 0 occasionally some:at easy ( belief z to ! enorm\s magnitude ( anci5t ,hebrew armies & ! spl5d\r & weal? ( anci5t ,hebrew k+s2 ! n>r[ range ( 8 int]e/s & exp]i5ce gave him an appetite = innoc5t gossip1 pr(essional or o!rwise4 ,b 8 /]l+ religi\s "* is %[n by ! e>ne/ piety & s]5e fai? :i* p]vade 8 "w4 ,if we v5ture to turn to ,engli% fiction = a r\gh illu/ration ( ! position & hi/ory ( our *ronicl]1 ! "n t at once sugge/s itself is t ( ,mr4 ,h>d+1 ! prec5tor 9 ,b>*e/] ,t[]s4 ,we mu/ h[ev] rememb] t !re is v little to di/+ui% ! *ronicl] f 8 lat] au?orities2 & ! t]m 8*ronicl]0 is (t5 us$ = 8! *ronicl] or "o ( 8 pr$ecessors40 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,hi/orical ,sett+4 ,9 ! previ\s *apt] x has be5 necess>y to deal ) ! *ronicl] z ! au?or ( ! :ole "w ( :i* ,*ronicles is only a "p1 & to g ov] aga9 gr\nd already cov]$ 9 ! volume on ,ezra & ,nehemiah2 b f ?is po9t we c conf9e our att5tion to ,*ronicles & treat x z a sep>ate book4 ,su* a c\rse is n m]ely ju/ifi$1 x is necessitat$1 by ! diff]5t relations ( ! *ronicl] to 8 subject 9 ,ezra & ,nehemiah on ! "o h& & 9 ,*ronicles on ! o!r4 ,9 ! =m] case he is writ+ ! hi/ory ( ! social & ecclesia/ical ord] to :i* he himself belong$1 b he is sep>at$ by a deep & wide gulf f ! p]iod ( ! k+dom ( ,judah4 ,ab\t ?ree hundr$ ye>s int]v5$ betwe5 ! *ronicl] & ! dea? ( ! la/ k+ ( ,judah4 ,a simil> int]val sep>ates u f ,que5 ,elizabe?2 b ! c\rse ( ^! ?ree c5turies ( ,engli% life has be5 an almo/ unbrok5 cont9uity comp>$ ) ! *ang+ =tunes ( ! ,jewi% p f ! fall ( ! mon>*y to ! e>ly ye>s ( ! ,greek empire4 ,?is int]val includ$ ! ,babylonian captivity & ! return1 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,law1 ! use ( ! ,p]sian empire1 & ! conque/s ( ,alex&]4 ,! fir/ ?ree ( ^! ev5ts 7 revolutions ( supreme importance to ! int]nal developm5t ( ,judaism2 ! la/ two rank 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w ) ! fall ( ! ,roman empire & ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,let u consid] !m briefly 9 detail4 ,! ,captivity1 ! rise ( ! ,p]sian empire1 & ! ,return are closely connect$1 & c only be treat$ z features ( "o great social1 political1 & religi\s convulsion1 an upheaval :i* broke ! cont9uity ( all ! /rata1 ( ,ea/]n life & op5$ an impassable gulf betwe5 ! old ord] & ! new4 ,= a "t1 m5 :o _h liv$ ?r\gh ^! revolutions 7 /ill able to c>ry across ?is gulf ! loosely twi/$ /r&s ( memory1 b :5 !y di$ ! ?reads snapp$2 only "h & !re a l+]+ tradition supplem5t$ ! writt5 records4 ,hebrew sl[ly ceas$ to be ! v]nacul> language1 & 0 supplant$ by ,aramaic2 ! anci5t hi/ory only rea*$ ! p by means ( an oral translation4 ,"u ?is new disp5sation ! ideas ( anci5t ,israel 7 no long] intelligible2 its circum/ances c\ld n be realis$ by ^? :o liv$ "u entirely diff]5t conditions4 ,v>i\s causes contribut$ to br+ ab\t ?is *ange4 ,fir/1 !re 0 an int]val ( fifty ye>s1 dur+ :i* ,j]usalem lay a heap ( ru9s4 ,aft] ! recapture ( ,rome by ,totila ! ,visigo? 9 ,a4,d4 #edf ! city 0 ab&on$ dur+ =ty days to desolate & dre>y solitude4 ,ev5 ?is tempor>y depopulation ( ! ,et]nal ,city is emphasis$ by hi/orians z full ( dramatic int]e/1 b ! fifty ye>s' desolation ( ,j]usalem involv$ important practical results4 ,mo/ ( ! return+ exiles mu/ h ei!r be5 born 9 ,babylon or else h sp5t all _! e>lie/ ye>s 9 exile4 ,v few c h be5 old en\gh to h grasp$ ! mean+ or drunk 9 ! _s ( ! old] national life4 ,:5 ! re/or$ community set to "w to rebuild _! city & _! temple1 few ( !m _h any adequate k ( ! old ,j]usalem1 ) its mann]s1 cu/oms1 & traditions4 8,! anci5t m51 t _h se5 ! fir/ h\se1 wept ) a l\d voice07#b7 :5 ! f\ndation ( ! second ,temple 0 laid be=e _! eyes4 ,9 _! critical & disp>ag+ attitude t[>ds ! new build+1 we may see an e>ly trace ( ! t5d5cy to glorify & idealise ! mon>*ical p]iod1 :i* culm9at$ 9 ,*ronicles4 ,! brea* ) ! pa/ 0 wid5$ by ! novel & /rik+ surr\nd+s ( ! exiles 9 ,babylon4 ,= ! fir/ "t s9ce ! ,exodus1 ! ,jews z a nation f\nd !mselves 9 close contact & intimate relations ) ! culture ( an anci5t civilisation & ! life ( a great city4 ,ne>ly a c5tury & a half elaps$ betwe5 ! fir/ captivity "u ,jehoia*9 7,b4,c4 #eih7 & ! mission ( ,ezra 7,b4,c4 #deh72 no d\bt 9 ! succe$+ p]iod ,jews /ill cont9u$ to return f ,babylon to ,juda1 & ?us ! new community at ,j]usalem1 among/ :om ! *ronicl] grew up1 c\nt$ ,babylonian ,jews among/ _! ance/ors = two or ev5 = _m g5]ations4 ,a ,zulu tribe exhibit$ = a ye> 9 ,london c\ld n return & build _! kraal afre% & take up ! old ,african life at ! po9t :]e !y _h left x4 ,if a community ( ,russian ,jews w5t to _! old home aft] a few ye>s' soj\rn 9 ,:ite*apel1 ! old life resum$ w\ld be v diff]5t f :at x 0 be=e _! migration4 ,n[ ! ,babylonian ,jews 7 nei!r uncivilis$ ,african savages nor /upefi$ ,russian helots2 !y 7 n %ut up 9 an exhibition or 9 a ghetto2 !y settl$ 9 ,babylon1 n = a ye> or two1 b = half a c5tury or ev5 a c5tury2 & !y did n return to a population ( _! own race1 liv+ ! old life1 b to empty homes & a ru9$ city4 ,!y _h ta/$ ! tree ( new k1 & !y c\ld no m live & ?9k z _! fa!rs _h done ?an ,adam & ,eve c\ld f9d _! way back into p>adise4 ,a l>ge & prosp]\s colony ( ,jews /ill rema9$ at ,babylon1 & ma9ta9$ close & con/ant relations ) ! settlem5t 9 ,juda4 ,! influ5ce ( ,babylon1 begun dur+ ! ,exile1 cont9u$ p]man5tly 9 ?is indirect =m4 ,lat] /ill ! ,jews felt ! influ5ce ( a great ,greek city1 ?r\gh _! colony at ,alex&ria4 ,besides ^! ext]nal *anges1 ! ,captivity 0 a p]iod ( important & _m-sid$ developm5t ( ,jewi% lit]ature & religion4 ,m5 _h leisure to /udy ! prophecies ( ,j]emiah & ! legislation ( ,deut]onomy2 _! att5tion 0 claim$ = ,ezekiel's sugge/ions z to ritual1 & = ! new !ology1 v>i\sly exp\nd$ by ,ezekiel1 ! lat] ,isaiah1 ! book ( ,job1 & ! psalmi/s4 ,! ,deut]onomic s*ool sy/ematis$ & int]pret$ ! records ( ! national hi/ory4 ,9 its weal? ( ,div9e revelation ! p]iod f ,josiah to ,ezra is only second to ! apo/olic age4 ,?us ! re/or$ ,jewi% community 0 a new creation1 baptis$ into a new _s2 ! re/or$ city 0 z mu* a new ,j]usalem z t :i* ,/4 ,john beheld desc5d+ out ( heav52 &1 9 ! words ( ! prophet ( ! ,re/oration1 ! ,jews return$ to a 8new heav5 & a new e>?407#c7 ,! rise ( ! ,p]sian empire *ang$ ! :ole int]national sy/em ( ,we/]n ,asia & ,egypt4 ,! robb] mon>*ies ( ,n9eveh & ,babylon1 ^: en]gies _h be5 *iefly devot$ to ! sy/ematic plund] ( _! neighb\rs1 7 replac$ by a great empire1 t /ret*$ out "o h& to ,greece & ! o!r to ,india4 ,! organisation ( ?is great empire 0 ! mo/ successful attempt at gov]nm5t on a l>ge scale t ! _w _h yet se54 ,bo? ?r\gh ! ,p]sians !mselves & ?r\gh _! deal+s ) ! ,greeks1 ,aryan philosophy & religion began to leav5 ,asiatic ?\ght2 old ?+s 7 pass+ away3 all ?+s 7 becom+ new4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,law by ,ezra & ,nehemiah 0 ! triumph ( a s*ool ^: mo/ important & effective "w _h be5 done at ,babylon1 ?\gh n necess>ily )9 ! half-c5tury specially call$ ! ,captivity4 ,_! triumph 0 retrospective3 x n only e/abli%$ a rigid & elaborate sy/em unkn[n to ! mon>*y1 b1 by id5tify+ ?is sy/em ) ! law traditionally ascrib$ to ,moses1 x l$ m5 v widely a/ray z to ! anci5t hi/ory ( ,israel4 ,a lat] g5]ation naturally assum$ t ! good k+s mu/ h kept ?is law1 & t ! s9 ( ! bad k+s 0 _! failure to obs]ve its ord9ances4 ,! ev5ts ( ! c5tury & a half or !reab\ts betwe5 ,ezra & ! *ronicl] h only a m9or importance = u4 ,! *ange ( language f ,hebrew to ,aramaic1 ! ,sam>itan s*ism1 ! few political incid5ts ( :i* any acc\nt has surviv$1 are all trivial comp>$ to ! lit]ature & hi/ory cr[d$ into ! c5tury aft] ! fall ( ! mon>*y4 ,ev5 ! f>-rea*+ results ( ! conque/s ( ,alex&] d n mat]ially conc]n u "h4 ,josephus inde$ tells u t ! ,jews s]v$ 9 l>ge numb]s 9 ! ,mac$onian army1 & gives a v dramatic acc\nt ( ,alex&]'s visit to ,j]usalem2 b ! hi/orical value ( ^! /ories is v d\btful1 & 9 any case x is cle> t betwe5 ,b4,c4 #ccc & ,b4,c4 #bej ,j]usalem 0 v little affect$ by ,greek influ5ces1 & t1 especially = ! ,temple community to :i* ! *ronicl] belong$1 ! *ange f ,d>ius to ! ,ptolemies 0 m]ely a *ange f "o =eign dom9ion to ano!r4 ,nor ne$ mu* be said ( ! relation ( ! *ronicl] to ! lat] ,jewi% lit]ature ( ! ,apocalypses & ,wisdom4 ,if ! _s ( ?is lit]ature 7 already /irr+ 9 "s ,jewi% circles1 ! *ronicl] himself 0 n mov$ by x4 ,ecclesia/es1 z f> z he c\ld h und]/ood x1 w\ld h pa9$ & %ock$ him4 ,b 8 "w lay 9 t direct l9e ( subtle rabb9ic tea*+ :i*1 beg9n+ ) ,ezra1 rea*$ its climax 9 ! ,talmud4 ,*ronicles is really an an?ology glean$ f anci5t hi/oric s\rces & supplem5t$ by e>ly specim5s ( ,midra% & ,hagada4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! book ( ,*ronicles1 we h to keep two or ?ree simple facts con/antly & cle>ly 9 m9d4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! *ronicl] 0 sep>at$ f ! mon>*y by an aggregate ( *anges :i* involv$ a complete brea* ( cont9uity betwe5 ! old & ! new ord]3 in/ead ( a nation !re 0 a ,*ur*2 in/ead ( a k+ !re 7 a high-prie/ & a =eign gov]nor4 ,secondly1 ! effects ( ^! *anges _h be5 at "w = two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 effac+ all tru/wor?y recollection ( ! anci5t ord] & s*ool+ m5 to reg>d ! ,levitical disp5sation z _! "o orig9al & antique ecclesia/ical sy/em4 ,la/ly1 ! *ronicl] himself belong$ to ! ,temple community1 :i* 0 ! v inc>nation ( ! _s ( ! new ord]4 ,) su* antec$5ts & surr\nd+s1 he set to "w to revise ! national hi/ory record$ 9 ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,a monk 9 a ,norman mona/]y w\ld h work$ "u simil> b less s]i\s disadvantages if he _h und]tak5 to rewrite ! ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ! ,v5]able ,b$e4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,s\rces ,& ,mode ,( ,composition4 ,our impressions z to ! s\rces ( ,*ronicles are d]iv$ f ! g5]al "* ( its cont5ts1 f a comp>ison ) o!r books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & f ! actual /atem5ts ( ,*ronicles itself4 ,to take ! la/ fir/3 !re are num]\s ref]5ces to au?orities 9 ,*ronicles :i* at fir/ sight seem to indicate a dep5d5ce on ri* & v>i$ s\rces4 ,to beg9 )1 !re are 8,! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,judah & ,israel107#d7 8,! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel & ,judah107#e7 & 8,! ,acts ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel407#f7 ,^!1 h[ev]1 are obvi\sly diff]5t =ms ( ! title ( ! same "w4 ,o!r titles furni% u ) an impos+ array ( prophetic au?orities4 ,!re are 8,! ,words0 ( ,samuel ! ,se]7#g71 ( ,na?an ! ,prophet17#h7 ( ,gad ! ,se]17#i7 ( ,%emaiah ! ,prophet & ( ,iddo ! ,se]17#aj7 ( ,jehu ! son ( ,hanani17#aa7 & ( ! ,se]s7#ab72 8,! ,vision0 ( ,iddo ! ,se]7#ac7 & ( ,isaiah ! ,prophet7#ad72 8,! ,midra%0 ( ! ,book ( ,k+s7#ae7 & ( ! ,prophet ,iddo7#af72 8,! ,acts ( ,uzziah10 writt5 by ,isaiah ! ,prophet7#ag72 & 8,! ,prophecy0 ( ,ahijah ! ,%ilonite47#ah7 ,!re are also less =mal allusions to o!r works4 ,fur!r exam9ation1 h[ev]1 soon discloses ! fact t ^! prophetic titles m]ely indicate diff]5t sections ( 8,! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel & ,judah40 ,on turn+ to our book ( ,k+s1 we f9d t f ,rehoboam onw>ds ea* ( ! ref]5ces 9 ,*ronicles corresponds to a ref]5ce by ! book ( ,k+s to ! 8,*ronicles7#ai7 ( ! ,k+s ( ,judah40 ,9 ! case ( ,ahaziah1 ,a?aliah1 & ,amon1 ! ref]5ce to an au?ority is omitt$ bo? 9 ! books ( ,k+s & ,*ronicles4 ,?is close correspond5ce sugge/s t bo? our canonical books are ref]r+ to ! same au?ority or au?orities4 ,k+s ref]s to ! 8,*ronicles ( ! ,k+s ( ,judah0 = ,judah1 & to ! 8,*ronicles ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel0 = ! nor!rn k+dom2 ,*ronicles1 ?\gh only deal+ ) ,judah1 comb9es ^! two titles 9 "o3 8,! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel & ,judah40 ,9 two in/ances ,*ronicles cle>ly /ates t its prophetic au?orities 7 f\nd z sections ( ! l>g] "w4 8,! ,words ( ,jehu ! son ( ,hanani0 7 8ins]t$ 9 ! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel107#bj7 & 8,! ,vision ( ,isaiah ! ,prophet1 ! son ( ,amoz10 is 9 ! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,judah & ,israel47#ba7 ,x is a natural inf]5ce t ! o!r 8,words0 & 8,visions0 7 also f\nd z sections ( ?is same 8,book ( ,k+s40 ,^! conclusions may be illu/rat$ & support$ by :at we "k ( ! arrangem5t ( ! cont5ts ( anci5t books4 ,our conv5i5t mod]n subdivisions ( *apt] & v]se did n exi/1 b ! ,jews 7 n )\t "s means ( indicat+ ! p>ticul> section ( a book to :i* !y wi%$ to ref]4 ,in/ead ( numb]s !y us$ names1 d]iv$ f ! subject ( a section or f ! mo/ important p]son m5tion$ 9 x4 ,= ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y ! prophets 7 ! mo/ important p]sonages1 & ea* section ( ! hi/ory is nam$ aft] its lead+ prophet or prophets4 ,?is nom5clature naturally enc\rag$ ! belief t ! hi/ory _h be5 orig9ally writt5 by ^! prophets4 ,in/ances ( ! use ( su* nom5clature are f\nd 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 e4g41 ,rom4 xi4 #b3 8,wot ye n :at ! ,scripture sai? 9 ,elijah07#bb7--;i4e41 9 ! section ab\t ,elijah--& ,m>k xii4 #bf3 8,h ye n read 9 ! book ( ,moses 9 ! place conc]n+ ! bu%807#bc7 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 mo/ ( ! ref]5ces to 8,words10 8,visions10 etc41 are to sections ( ! l>g] "w1 we ne$ n at once conclude t all ref]5ces to au?orities 9 ,*ronicles are to ?is same book4 ,! g5ealogical regi/] 9 #a ,*ron4 v4 #ag & ! 8lam5tations0 ( #b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #be may v well be indep5d5t works4 ,hav+ recognis$ ! fact t ! num]\s au?orities ref]r$ to by ,*ronicles 7 = ! mo/ "p conta9$ 9 "o compreh5sive 8,book ( ,k+s10 a new problem pres5ts itself3 ,:at are ! respective relations ( our ,k+s & ,*ronicles to ! 8,*ronicles0 & 8,k+s0 cit$ by !m8 ,:at are ! relations ( ^! orig9al au?orities to ea* o!r8 ,:at are ! relations ( our ,k+s to our ,*ronicles8 ,our pres5t nom5clature is ab\t z confus+ z x well c\ld be2 & we are oblig$ to keep cle>ly 9 m9d1 fir/1 t ! 8,*ronicles0 m5tion$ 9 ,k+s is n our ,*ronicles1 & !n t ! 8,k+s0 ref]r$ to by ,*ronicles is n our ,k+s4 ,! fir/ fact is obvi\s2 ! second is %[n by ! t]ms ( ! ref]5ces1 :i* /ate t in=mation n furni%$ 9 ,*ronicles may be f\nd 9 ! 8,book ( ,k+s10 b ! in=mation 9 "q is (t5 n giv5 9 ! canonical ,k+s47#bd7 ,& yet ! connection betwe5 ,k+s & ,*ronicles is v close & ext5sive4 ,a l>ge am\nt ( mat]ial occurs ei!r id5tically or ) v slight v>iations 9 bo? books4 ,x is cle> t ei!r ,*ronicles uses ,k+s1 or ,*ronicles uses a "w :i* us$ ,k+s1 or bo? ,*ronicles & ,k+s use ! same s\rce or s\rces4 ,ea* ( ^! ?ree views has be5 held by important au?orities1 & !y are also capable ( v>i\s comb9ations & modifications4 ,res]v+ = a mom5t ! view :i* specially comm5ds itself to u1 we may note two ma9 t5d5cies ( op9ion4 ,fir/1 x is ma9ta9$ t ,*ronicles ei!r goes back directly to ! actual s\rces ( ,k+s1 cit+ !m1 = ! sake ( brevity1 "u a comb9$ title1 or is bas$ ^u a comb9ation ( ! ma9 s\rces ( ,k+s made at a v e>ly date4 ,9 ei!r case ,*ronicles z comp>$ ) ,k+s w\ld be an indep5d5t & p>allel au?ority on ! cont5ts ( ^! e>ly s\rces1 & to t ext5t w\ld rank ) ,k+s z fir/-class hi/ory4 ,?is view1 h[ev]1 is %[n to be unt5able by ! num]\s traces ( a lat] age :i* are almo/ inv>iably pres5t :]ev] ,*ronicles supplem5ts or modifies ,k+s4 ,! second view is t ei!r ,*ronicles us$ ,k+s1 or t ! 8,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel & ,judah0 us$ by ,*ronicles 0 a po/-,exilic "w1 incorporat+ /ati/ical matt] & deal+ ) ! hi/ory ( ! two k+doms 9 a _s cong5ial to ! temp] & int]e/s ( ! re/or$ community4 ,?is 8po/-,exilic0 pr$ecessor ( ,*ronicles is suppos$ to h be5 bas$ ^u ,k+s itself1 or ^u ! s\rces ( ,k+s1 or ^u bo?2 b 9 any case x 0 n mu* e>li] ?an ,*ronicles & 0 writt5 "u ! same influ5ces & 9 a simil> _s4 ,be+ virtually an e>li] edition ( ,*ronicles1 x c\ld claim no high] au?ority1 & w\ld sc>cely des]ve ei!r recognition or treatm5t z a sep>ate "w4 ,*ronicles w\ld /ill re/ sub/antially on ! au?ority ( ,k+s4 ,x is possible to accept a some:at simpl] view1 & to disp5se ) ?is %ad[y & ineffectual fir/ edition ( ,*ronicles4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! *ronicl] does n appeal to ! 8,words0 & 8,visions0 & ! re/ ( 8 8,book ( ,k+s0 z au?orities = 8 own /atem5ts2 he m]ely ref]s 8 read] to !m = fur!r in=mation :i* he himself does n furni%4 ,?is 8,book ( ,k+s0 s (t5 m5tion$ is !re=e nei!r a s\rce nor an au?ority ( ,*ronicles4 ,!re is no?+ to prove t ! *ronicl] himself 0 actually acqua9t$ ) ! book4 ,aga91 ! close correspond5ce already not$ betwe5 ^! ref]5ces 9 ,*ronicles & ! p>allel notes 9 ,k+s sugge/s t ! =m] are simply exp&$ & modifi$ f ! latt]1 & ! *ronicl] _h nev] se5 ! book he ref]r$ to4 ,! ,books ( ,k+s _h /at$ :]e additional in=mation c\ld be f\nd1 & ,*ronicles simply repeat$ ! ref]5ce )\t v]ify+ x4 ,z "s sections ( ,k+s _h come to be kn[n by ! names ( c]ta9 prophets1 ! *ronicl] transf]r$ ^! names back to ! correspond+ sections ( ! s\rces us$ by ,k+s4 ,9 ^! cases he felt he c\ld give 8 read]s n m]ely ! some:at vague ref]5ce to ! orig9al "w z a :ole1 b ! m def9ite & conv5i5t citation ( a p>ticul> p>agraph4 ,8 descriptions ( ! additional subjects dealt ) 9 ! orig9al au?ority may possibly1 l o!r ( 8 /atem5ts1 h be5 con/ruct$ 9 accordance ) 8 ideas ( :at t au?ority %\ld conta92 or m probably !y ref] to ?is au?ority ! float+ traditions ( lat] times & writ]s4 ,possibly ^! ref]5ces & notes ( ,*ronicles are copi$ f ! glosses :i* "s scribe _h writt5 9 ! m>g9 ( 8 copy ( ,k+s4 ,if ?is be s1 we c und]/& :y we f9d ref]5ces to ! ,midra% ( ,iddo & ! ,midra% ( ! book ( ,k+s47#be7 ,9 any case1 :e!r directly or ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a prelim9>y edition1 call$ 8,! ,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel & ,judah10 our book ( ,k+s 0 us$ by ! *ronicl]4 ,! supposition t ! orig9al s\rces ( ,k+s 7 us$ by ! *ronicl] or ?is imm$iate pr$ecessor is fairly support$ bo? by evid5ce & au?ority1 b on ! :ole x seems an unnecess>y complication4 ,?us we fail to f9d 9 ^! v>i\s ref]5ces to ! 8,book ( ,k+s10 etc41 any cle> indication ( ! orig9 ( matt] peculi> to ,*ronicles2 nev]!less x is n difficult to det]m9e ! nature ( ! s\rces f :i* ?is mat]ial 0 d]iv$4 ,d\btless "s ( x 0 /ill curr5t 9 ! =m ( oral tradition :5 ! *ronicl] wrote1 & ow$ to him its p]man5t record4 ,"s he borr[$ f manuscripts1 :i* =m$ "p ( ! scanty & fragm5t>y lit]ature ( ! lat] p]iod ( ! ,re/oration4 ,8 g5ealogies & /ati/ics sugge/ ! use ( public & ecclesia/ical ar*ives1 z well z ( family records1 9 :i* anci5t leg5d & anecdote lay emb$d$ among li/s ( =gott5 ance/ors4 ,app>5tly ! *ronicl] h>ve/$ pretty freely f t lit]>y aft]ma? t sprang up :5 ! ,p5tateu* & ! e>li] hi/orical books _h tak5 f9al %ape4 ,b x is to ^! e>li] books t ! *ronicl] owes mo/4 ,8 "w is v l>gely a mosaic ( p>agraphs & phrases tak5 f ! old] books4 ,8 *ief s\rces are ,samuel & ,k+s2 he also lays ! ,p5tateu*1 ,jo%ua1 & ,ru? "u contribution4 ,mu* is tak5 ov] )\t ev5 v]bal alt]ation1 & ! great] "p is unalt]$ 9 sub/ance2 yet1 z is ! cu/om 9 anci5t lit]ature1 no ackn[l$gm5t is made4 ,! lit]>y consci5ce 0 n yet aw>e ( ! s9 ( plagi>ism4 ,inde$1 nei!r an au?or nor 8 fri5ds took any pa9s to secure ! p]man5t association ( 8 "n ) 8 "w1 & no great guilt c atta* to ! plagi>ism ( "o anonym\s writ] f ano!r4 ,?is abs5ce ( ackn[l$gm5t :]e ! *ronicl] is pla9ly borr[+ f eld] scribes is ano!r reason :y 8 ref]5ces to ! 8,book ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel & ,judah0 are cle>ly n /atem5ts ( s\rces to :i* he is indebt$1 b simply :at !y pr(ess to be3 indications ( ! possible s\rces ( fur!r in=mation4 ,*ronicles1 h[ev]1 illu/rates anci5t me?ods ( hi/orical composition1 n only by its free appropriation ( ! actual =m & sub/ance ( old] works1 b also by its curi\s bl5d+ ( id5tical reproduction ) l>ge additions ( q het]og5e\s matt]1 or ) a s]ies ( m9ute b significant alt]ations4 ,! primitive ideas & classical /yle ( p>agraphs f ,samuel & ,k+s are brok5 9 ^u by ! rituali/ic f]v\r & late ,hebrew ( ! *ronicl]'s additions4 ,! vivid & picturesque n>rative ( ! br++ ( ! ,ark to ,zion is int]polat$ ) un9t]e/+ /ati/ics ( ! names1 numb]s1 & musical in/rum5ts ( ! ,levites47#bf7 ,mu* ( ! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ! revolution :i* ov]?rew ,a?aliah & plac$ ,joa% on ! ?rone is tak5 ^w = ^w f ! book ( ,k+s2 b x is adapt$ to ! ,temple ord] ( ! ,p5tateu* by a s]ies ( alt]ations :i* sub/itute ,levites = =eign m]c5>ies1 & o!rwise gu>d ! sanctity ( ! ,temple f ! intrusion1 n only ( =eign]s1 b ev5 ( ! common p47#bg7 ,a c>eful comp>ison ( ,*ronicles ) ,samuel & ,k+s is a /rik+ object lesson 9 anci5t hi/orical composition4 ,x is an almo/ indisp5sable introduction to ! criticism ( ! ,p5tateu* & ! old] hi/orical books4 ,! 8r$actor0 ( ^! works becomes no m]e %ad[y & hypo!tical p]sonage :5 we h wat*$ 8 successor ! *ronicl] piec+ toge!r ?+s new & old & adapt+ anci5t n>ratives to mod]n ideas by add+ a ^w 9 "o place & *ang+ a phrase 9 ano!r4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,! ,importance ( ,*ronicles4 ,be=e attempt+ to exp\nd 9 detail ! religi\s significance ( ,*ronicles1 we may conclude our introduction by a brief g5]al /atem5t ( ! lead+ features :i* r5d] ! book int]e/+ & valuable to ! ,*ri/ian /ud5t4 ,! mat]ial ( ,*ronicles may be divid$ into ?ree p>ts3 ! matt] tak5 directly f ! old] hi/orical books2 mat]ial d]iv$ f traditions & writ+s ( ! *ronicl]'s own age2 ! v>i\s additions & modifications :i* are ! *ronicl]'s own "w47#bh7 ,ea* ( ^! divisions has its special value1 & important lessons may be le>nt f ! way 9 :i* ! au?or has select$ & comb9$ ^! mat]ials4 ,! exc]pts f ! old] hi/ories are1 ( c\rse1 by f> ! be/ mat]ial 9 ! book = ! p]iod ( ! mon>*y4 ,if ,samuel & ,k+s _h p]i%$1 we %\ld h be5 "u great obligations to ! *ronicl] = pres]v+ to u l>ge portions ( _! anci5t records4 ,z x is1 ! *ronicl] has r5d]$ invaluable s]vice to ! textual criticism ( ! ,old ,te/am5t by provid+ u ) an additional witness to ! text ( l>ge portions ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,! v fact t ! "* & hi/ory ( ,*ronicles are s diff]5t f ^? ( ! old] books enhances ! value ( its evid5ce z to _! text4 ,! two texts1 ,samuel & ,k+s on ! "o h& & ,*ronicles on ! o!r1 h be5 modifi$ "u diff]5t influ5ces2 !y h n always be5 alt]$ 9 ! same way1 s t :]e "o has be5 corrupt$ ! o!r has (t5 pres]v$ ! correct read+4 ,probably because ,*ronicles is less int]e/+ & picturesque1 its text has be5 subject to less alt]ation ?an t ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,! m int]e/$ scribes or read]s become1 ! m likely !y are to make corrections & add glosses to ! n>rative4 ,we may note1 = example1 t ! "n 8,m]ibbaal0 giv5 by ,*ronicles = "o ( ,saul's sons is m likely to be correct ?an 8,mephibo%e?10 ! =m giv5 by ,samuel47#bi7 ,! mat]ial d]iv$ f traditions & writ+s ( ! *ronicl]'s own age is ( unc]ta9 hi/orical value1 & _c be cle>ly discrim9at$ f ! au?or's free composition4 ,mu* ( x 0 ! natural product ( ! ?\ght & feel+ ( ! late ,p]sian & e>ly ,greek p]iod1 & %>es ! importance :i* atta*es to ! *ronicl]'s own "w4 ,?is mat]ial1 h[ev]1 includes a c]ta9 am\nt ( neutral matt]3 g5ealogies1 family hi/ories & anecdotes1 & notes on anci5t life & cu/om4 ,we h no p>allel au?orities to te/ ?is mat]ial1 we _c prove ! antiquity ( ! s\rces f :i* x is d]iv$1 & yet x may conta9 fragm5ts ( v anci5t tradition4 ,"s ( ! notes & n>ratives h an ar*aic flav\r :i* c sc>cely be artificial2 _! v lack ( importance is an argum5t = _! au!nticity1 & illu/rates ! /range t5acity ) :i* local & dome/ic tradition p]petuates ! mo/ insignificant episodes47#cj7 ,b naturally ! mo/ *>act]i/ic1 & !re=e ! mo/ important1 section ( ! cont5ts ( ,*ronicles is t made up ( ! additions & modifications :i* are ! "w ( ! *ronicl] or 8 imm$iate pr$ecessors4 ,x is unnecess>y to po9t out t ^! d n add mu* to our k ( ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y2 _! significance consi/s 9 ! light t !y ?r[ ^u ! p]iod t[>ds ^: close ! *ronicl] liv$3 ! p]iod betwe5 ! f9al e/abli%m5t ( ,p5tateu*al ,judaism & ! attempt ( ,antio*us ,epiphanes to /amp x out ( exi/5ce2 ! p]iod betwe5 ,ezra & ,judas ,maccabu4 ,! *ronicl] is no exceptional & epo*-mak+ writ]1 has little p]sonal importance1 & is !re=e all ! m important z a typical repres5tative ( ! curr5t ideas ( 8 class & g5]ation4 ,he translates ! hi/ory ( ! pa/ into ! ideas & circum/ances ( 8 own age1 & ?us gives u almo/ z mu* in=mation ab\t ! civil & religi\s in/itutions he liv$ "u z if he _h actually describ$ !m4 ,moreov]1 9 /at+ its e/imate ( pa/ hi/ory1 ea* g5]ation pron\nces unconsci\s judgm5t ^u itself4 ,! *ronicl]'s int]pretation & philosophy ( hi/ory m>k ! level ( 8 moral & spiritual ideas4 ,he betrays ^! q z mu* by 8 attitude t[>ds e>li] au?orities z 9 ! p>agraphs :i* are 8 own composition2 we h se5 h[ 8 use ( mat]ials illu/rates ! anci5t1 & = t matt] ! mod]n1 ,ea/]n me?ods ( hi/orical composition1 & we h %[n ! imm5se importance ( ,*ronicles to ,old ,te/am5t criticism4 ,b ! way 9 :i* ! *ronicl] uses 8 old] s\rces also indicates 8 relation t[>ds ! anci5t morality1 ritual1 & !ology ( ,israel4 ,8 me?ods ( selection are mo/ in/ructive z to ! ideas & int]e/s ( 8 "t4 ,we see :at 0 ?\ght wor?y to be includ$ 9 ?is f9al & mo/ mod]n edition ( ! religi\s hi/ory ( ,israel4 ,b 9 tru? ! omissions are among ! mo/ significant features ( ,*ronicles2 its sil5ce is con/antly m eloqu5t ?an its spee*1 & we measure ! spiritual progress ( ,judaism by ! p>agraphs ( ,k+s :i* ,*ronicles leaves out4 ,9 subsequ5t *apt]s we %all seek to illu/rate ! v>i\s ways 9 :i* ,*ronicles illum9ates ! p]iod prec$+ ! ,maccabees4 ,any gleams ( light on ! ,hebrew mon>*y are mo/ welcome1 b we _c be less grateful = in=mation ab\t ^? obscure c5turies :i* fo/]$ ! quiet gr[? ( ,israel's "* & fai? & prep>$ ! way = ! spl5did h]oism & religi\s devotion ( ! ,maccaban /ruggle4 ,,book ,,ii4 ,,g5ealogies4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,names4 #a ,*ron4 i-ix4 ,! fir/ n9e *apt]s ( ,*ronicles =m1 ) a few slight exceptions1 a cont9u\s li/ ( names4 ,x is ! l>ge/ extant collection ( ,hebrew names4 ,h5ce ^! *apt]s may be us$ z a text = ! exposition ( any spiritual significance to be d]iv$ f ,hebrew names ei!r individually or collectively4 ,old ,te/am5t g5ealogies h (t5 ex]cis$ ! +5uity ( ! prea*]1 & ! /ud5t ( homiletics w readily recollect ! me?ods ( extract+ a moral f :at at fir/ sight seems a b>r5 !me4 ,= in/ance1 ^? names ( :i* little or no?+ is record$ are held up z awful examples ( wa/$ lives4 ,we are ask$ to take w>n+ f ,mahalalel & ,me?uselah1 :o sp5t _! long c5turies s ineffectually t !re 0 no?+ to record except t !y begat sons & daught]s & di$4 ,su* tea*+ is n fairly d]iv$ f its text4 ,! sacr$ writ]s impli$ no reflection ^u ! ,patri>*s ( :om !y gave s %ort & conv5tional an acc\nt4 ,lea/ ( all c\ld su* tea*+ be bas$ ^u ! li/s 9 ,*ronicles1 because ! m5 :o are !re m]ely m5tion$ by "n include ,adam1 ,noah1 ,abraham1 & o!r h]oes ( sacr$ /ory4 ,moreov]1 su* tea*+ is unnecess>y & n altoge!r :olesome4 ,v few m5 :o are at all capable ( obta9+ a p]man5t place 9 hi/ory ne$ to be spurr$ on by s]mons2 & = mo/ p ! sugge/ion t a man's life is a failure unless he secures po/hum\s fame is false & mis*iev\s4 ,! ,lamb's book ( life is ! only record ( ! va/ majority ( hon\rable & useful lives2 & ! t5d5cy to self-adv]tisem5t is suffici5tly wide-spread & spontane\s already3 x ne$s no pulpit /imulus4 ,we d n ?9k any worse ( a man because 8 tomb/one simply /ates 8 "n & age1 or any bett] because x catalogues 8 virtues & m5tions t he atta9$ ! dignity ( ald]man or au?or4 ,! significance ( ^! li/s ( names is r to be look$ = 9 an opposite direction4 ,x is n t a "n & "o or two commonplace incid5ts mean s little1 b t !y sugge/ s mu*4 ,a m]e p>i% regi/] is n 9 itself attractive1 b if we consid] ev5 su* a li/1 ! v names int]e/ u & k9dle our imag9ation4 ,x is almo/ impossible to l+] 9 a c\ntry *ur*y>d1 read+ ! half-effac$ inscriptions ^u ! head/ones1 )\t =m+ "s dim picture ( ! "* & hi/ory & ev5 ! outw>d semblance ( ! m5 & wom5 :o once bore ! names4 8,= ?\gh a "n is nei!r 444 h&1 nor foot1 ,nor arm1 nor face1 nor any o!r "p ,belong+ to a man10 yet1 to use a some:at te*nical phrase1 x connotes a man4 ,a "n implies ! exi/5ce ( a di/9ct p]sonality1 ) a peculi> & unique hi/ory1 & yet1 on ! o!r h&1 a be+ ) :om we are l9k$ 9 close sympa?y by a ?\s& ties ( common human nature & ev]yday exp]i5ce4 ,9 its li/s ( :at are n[ m]e names1 ! ,bible seems to recognise ! dignity & sacr$ness ( b>e human life4 ,b ! names 9 ^! n9e *apt]s h also a collective significance3 !y /& = m ?an _! individual own]s4 ,!y are typical & repres5tative1 ! names ( k+s1 & prie/s1 & capta9s2 !y sum up ! tribes ( ,israel1 bo? z a ,*ur* & a nation1 d[n all ! g5]ations ( its hi/ory4 ,! inclusion ( ^! names 9 ! sacr$ record1 z ! express introduction to ! annals ( ! ,temple1 & ! sacr$ city1 & ! elect h\se ( ,david1 is ! =mal recognition ( ! sanctity ( ! nation & ( national life4 ,we are entirely 9 ! _s ( ! ,bible :5 we see ?is same sanctity 9 all organis$ societies3 9 ! p>i%1 ! municipality1 & ! /ate2 :5 we atta* a ,div9e significance to regi/]s ( electors & c5sus returns1 & claim all su* li/s z symbols ( religi\s privilege & responsibility4 ,b names d n m]ely sugge/ individuals & communities3 ! mean+s ( ! names reveal ! ideas ( ! p :o us$ !m4 ,x has be5 well said t 8! names ( e nation are an important monum5t ( national _s & mann]s1 & ?us ! ,hebrew names be> important te/imony to ! peculi> vocation ( ?is nation4 ,no nation ( antiquity has su* a proportion ( names ( religi\s import407#ca7 ,among/ ourselves inde$ ! religi\s mean+ ( names has almo/ :olly fad$ away2 8,*ri/ian "n0 is a m]e phrase1 & *ildr5 are nam$ aft] relations1 or accord+ to prevail+ fa%ion1 or aft] ! *>act]s ( popul> novels4 ,b ! religi\s motive c /ill be trac$ 9 "s mod]n names2 9 c]ta9 di/ricts ( ,g]many ! "n 8,ursula0 or 8,apollonia0 is a sure indication t a girl is a ,roman ,ca?olic & has be5 nam$ aft] a popul> sa9t47#cb7 ,! ,bible con/antly insi/s ^u ?is religi\s significance1 :i* w\ld frequ5tly be 9 ! m9d ( ! dev\t ,israelite 9 giv+ names to 8 *ildr54 ,! ,old ,te/am5t conta9s m ?an a hundr$ etymologies7#cc7 ( p]sonal names1 mo/ ( :i* atta* a religi\s mean+ to ! words expla9$4 ,! etymologies ( ! patri>*al names--8,abraham10 fa!r ( a multitude ( nations2 8,isaac10 laught]2 8,jacob10 supplant]2 8,israel10 pr9ce ) ,god--are specially famili>4 ,! ,biblical int]e/ 9 edify+ etymologies 0 ma9ta9$ & develop$ by e>ly comm5tators4 ,_! philology 0 f> f accurate1 & v (t5 !y 7 m]ely play+ ^u ! =ms ( words4 ,b ! allegoris+ t5d5cies ( ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian expositors f\nd special opportunities 9 prop] names4 ,on ! n>r[ f\ndation ( an etymology mo/ly d\btful & (t5 impossible1 ,philo1 & ,orig51 & ,j]ome lov$ to erect an elaborate /ructure !ological or philosophical doctr9e4 ,philo has only "o quotation f our au?or3 8,manasseh _h sons1 :om 8 ,syrian concub9e b>e to him1 ,ma*ir2 & ,ma*ir begat ,gilead407#cd7 ,he quotes ?is v]se to %[ t recollection is associat$ 9 a subord9ate capacity ) memory4 ,! connection is n v cle>ly made out1 b re/s 9 "s way on ! mean+ ( ,manasseh1 ! root ( :i* means to =get4 ,z =getfulness ) recollection re/ores our k1 s ,manasseh ) 8 ,syrian concub9e begets ,ma*ir4 ,recollection !re=e is a concub9e1 an inf]ior & second>y quality47#ce7 ,?is +5i\s trifl+ has a c]ta9 *>m 9 spite ( its extravagance1 b 9 less dext]\s h&s ! me?od becomes clumsy z well z extravagant4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 ! advantage ( readily adapt+ itself to all ta/es & op9ions1 s t we are n surpris$ :5 an eighte5?-c5tury au?or discov]s 9 ,old ,te/am5t etymology a comp5dium ( ,tr9it>ian !ology47#cf7 ,ahiah7#cg7 is d]iv$ f 'ehad1 "o1 & yah1 ,jehovah1 & is ?us an ass]tion ( ! ,div9e unity2 ,reuel7#ch7 is resolv$ into a plural v]b ) a s+ul> ,div9e "n = its subject3 ?is is an indication ( tr9ity 9 unity2 ,ahilud7#ci7 is d]iv$ f 'ehad1 "o1 & galud1 begott51 & signifies t ! ,son is only-begott54 ,mod]n s*ol>%ip is m rational 9 its me?ods1 b atta*es no less importance to ^! anci5t names1 & f9ds 9 !m weighty evid5ce on problems ( criticism & !ology2 & be=e proce$+ to m s]i\s matt]s1 we may note a few some:at exceptional names4 ,z po9t$ 9 ! pres5t ,hebrew text1 ,haz>mave?7#dj7 & ,azmave?7#da7 h a c]ta9 grim sugge/iv5ess4 ,haz>mave?1 c\rt ( dea?1 is giv5 z ! "n ( a desc5dant ( ,%em4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 probably ! "n ( a place transf]r$ to an eponym\s ance/or1 & has be5 id5tifi$ ) ,hadramawt1 a di/rict 9 ! s\? ( ,arabia4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ,hadramawt1 is a f]tile di/rict ( ,arabia ,felix1 ! "n does n seem v appropriate4 ,on ! o!r h& ,azmave?1 8/r5g? ( dea?10 w\ld be v suitable = "s /rong1 dea?-deal+ soldi]4 ,azubah17#db7 8=sak510 ! "n ( ,caleb's wife1 is capable ( a v>iety ( romantic explanations4 ,hazelelponi7#dc7 is rem>kable 9 its m]e =m2 & ,ewald's int]pretation1 8,give %ade1 ,?\ :o turne/ to me ,?y c\nt5ance10 seems r a cumbr\s signification = ! "n ( a daught] ( ! h\se ( ,judah4 ,ju%ab-hes$17#dd7 8,m]cy w be r5ew$10 z ! "n ( a son ( ,z]ubbabel1 d\btless expresses ! gratitude & hope ( ! ,jews on _! return f ,babylon47#de7 ,ja%ubi-lehem17#df7 h[ev]1 is curi\s & p]plex+4 ,! "n has be5 int]pret$ 8giv+ bread0 or 8turn+ back to ,be?lehem10 b ! text is c]ta9ly corrupt1 & ! passage is "o ( _m into :i* ei!r ! c>elessness ( scribes or ! obscurity ( ! *ronicl]'s s\rces has introduc$ hopeless confusion4 ,b ! mo/ rem>kable set ( names is f\nd 9 #a ,*ron4 xxv4 #d1 :]e ,giddalti & ,romantiez]1 ,jo%beka%ah1 ,mallo?i1 ,ho?ir1 ,mahazio?1 are simply a ,hebrew s5t5ce mean+1 8,i h magnifi$ & exalt$ help2 sitt+ 9 di/ress17#dg7 ,i h spok57#dh7 visions 9 abundance40 ,we may at once set aside ! cynical sugge/ion t ! au?or lack$ names to complete a g5ealogy &1 to save ! tr\ble ( inv5t+ !m sep>ately1 took ! fir/ s5t5ce t came to h& & cut x up into suitable l5g?s1 nor is x likely t a fa!r w\ld spread ! same process ov] sev]al ye>s & adopt x = 8 family4 ,?is rem>kable comb9ation ( names is probably due to "s misund]/&+ ( 8 s\rces on ! "p ( ! *ronicl]4 ,8 p>*m5t rolls mu/ (t5 h be5 torn & fragm5t>y1 ! writ+ blurr$ & half illegible2 & 8 attempts to piece toge!r obscure & ragg$ manuscripts naturally result$ at times 9 mi/akes & confusion4 ,^! examples ( int]e/+ etymologies might easily be multipli$2 !y s]ve1 at any rate1 to indicate a ri* m9e ( sugge/ive tea*+4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be rememb]$ t a "n is n necess>ily a p]sonal "n because x occurs 9 a g5ealogy2 cities1 di/ricts1 & tribes m+le freely ) p]sons 9 ^! li/s4 ,9 ! same connection we note t ! female names are few & f> betwe51 & t ( ^? :i* d occur ! 8si/]s0 probably /& = alli$ & relat$ families1 & n = individuals4 ,z reg>ds ,old ,te/am5t !ology1 we may fir/ notice ! light ?r[n by p]sonal names on ! relation ( ! religion ( ,israel to t ( o!r ,semitic peoples4 ,( ! names 9 ^! *apt]s & else:]e1 a l>ge proportion are comp\nd$ ( "o or o!r ( ! ,div9e names4 ,el is ! fir/ elem5t 9 ,eli%ama1 ,eliphelet1 ,eliada1 etc42 x is ! second 9 ,o?niel1 ,jehaleleel1 ,as>eel1 etc4 ,simil>ly ,jehovah is repres5t$ by ! initial ,jeho- 9 ,jeho%aphat1 ,jehoiakim1 ,jehoram1 etc41 by ! f9al -iah 9 ,amaziah1 ,az>iah1 ,hezekiah1 etc4 ,x has be5 calculat$ t !re are a hundr$ & n9ety names7#di7 beg9n+ or end+ ) ! equival5t ( ,jehovah1 includ+ mo/ ( ! k+s ( ,judah & _m ( ! k+s ( ,israel4 ,moreov]1 "s names :i* h n ^! prefixes & affixes 9 _! extant =m are contractions ( old] =ms :i* began or end$ ) a ,div9e "n4 ,ahaz1 = in/ance1 is m5tion$ 9 ,assyrian inscriptions z ,jahuhazi--i4e41 ,jehoahaz--& ,na?an is probably a contract$ =m ( ,ne?aniah4 ,!re are also num]\s comp\nds ( o!r ,div9e names4 ,zur1 rock1 is f\nd 9 ,p$ahzur17#ej7 ,%addai1 ,a4,v4 ,almighty1 9 ,ammi%addai7#ea72 ! two are comb9$ 9 ,zuri%addai47#eb7 ,mele* is a ,div9e "n 9 ,mal*i-ram & ,mal*i-%ua4 ,baal occurs z a ,div9e "n 9 ,e%baal & ,m]ibbaal4 ,abi1 fa!r1 is a ,div9e "n 9 ,abiram1 ,ab9adab1 etc41 & probably also ,ahi 9 ,ahiram & ,ammi 9 ,amm9adab47#ec7 ,possibly1 too1 ! app>5tly simple names ,mele*1 ,zur1 ,baal1 are contractions ( long] =ms 9 :i* ^! ,div9e names 7 prefixes or affixes4 ,?is use ( ,div9e names is capable ( v v>i$ illu/ration4 ,mod]n languages h ,*ri/ian & ,*ri/oph]1 ,emmanuel1 ,!odosius1 ,!odora1 etc42 names l ,h]mog5es & ,heliogabalus are f\nd 9 ! classical languages4 ,b ! practice is specially *>act]i/ic ( ,semitic languages4 ,mohamm$an pr9ces are /ill call$ ,abdurrahman1 s]vant ( ! ,m]ciful1 & ,abdallah1 s]vant ( ,god2 anci5t ,phnician k+s 7 nam$ ,e?baal & ,abdalonim1 :]e alonim is a plural ,div9e "n1 & ! bal 9 ,hannibal & ,hasdrubal baal4 ,! ,assyrian & ,*aldan k+s 7 nam$ aft] ! gods ,s91 ,nebo1 ,assur1 ,m]oda*1 e4g41 ,s9-akki-irib 7,s5na*]ib72 ,nebu*adnezz>2 ,assur-bani-pal2 ,m]oda*-baladan4 ,( ^! ,div9e names ,el & ,baal are common to ,israel & o!r ,semitic peoples1 & x has be5 held t ! ,hebrew p]sonal names pres]ve traces ( poly!ism4 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ! ,baal-names are comp>atively few1 & d n necess>ily indicate t ,israelites wor%ipp$ a ,baal di/9ct f ,jehovah2 !y may be relics ( a "t :5 ,baal 7,"l7 0 a title or equival5t ( ,jehovah1 l ! lat] ,adonai4 ,o!r possible traces ( poly!ism are few & d\btful4 ,9 ,baanah & ,re%eph we may p]haps f9d ! obscure7#ed7 ,phnician deities ,ana? & ,re%aph4 ,on ! :ole1 ,hebrew names z comp>$1 = in/ance1 ) ,assyrian af=d little or no evid5ce ( ! preval5ce ( poly!ism4 ,ano!r "q conc]ns ! orig9 & use ( ! "n ,jehovah4 ,our li/s conclusively prove its free use dur+ ! mon>*y & its exi/5ce "u ! judges4 ,on ! o!r h&1 its app>5t pres5ce 9 ,jo*eb$1 ! "n ( ! "m ( ,moses1 seems to c>ry x back beyond ,moses4 ,possibly x 0 a ,div9e "n peculi> to 8 family or clan4 ,its occurr5ce 9 ,yahubidi1 a k+ ( ,hama?1 9 ! "t ( ,s>gon may be due to direct ,israelite influ5ce4 ,hama? _h frequ5t relations ) ,israel & ,judah4 ,turn+ to matt]s ( practical religion1 h[ f> d ^! names help u to und]/& ! spiritual life ( anci5t ,israel8 ,! ,israelites made con/ant use ( ,el & ,jehovah 9 _! names1 & we h no p>allel practice4 ,7 !y !n s mu* m religi\s ?an we are8 ,probably 9 a s5se !y 74 ,x is true t ! etymology & ev5 ! orig9al significance ( a "n 9 common use are = all practical purposes quickly & entirely =gott54 ,a man may g ?r\gh a life-"t be>+ ! "n ( ,*ri/oph] & nev] "k its etymological mean+4 ,at ,cambridge & ,ox=d sacr$ names l 8,jesus0 & 8,tr9ity0 are us$ con/antly & famili>ly )\t sugge/+ any?+ beyond ! colleges s call$4 ,! edify+ phrase1 8,god encompasse? u10 is altoge!r lo/ 9 ! grotesque tav]n sign 8,! ,goat & ,compasses40 ,nor c we suppose t ! ,israelite or ! ,assyrian (t5 dwelt on ! religi\s significance ( ! ,jeho- or -iah1 ! ,nebo1 ,s91 or ,m]oda*1 ( curr5t prop] names4 ,z we h se51 ! s5se ( -iah1 -el1 or ,jeho- 0 (t5 s little pres5t to m5's m9ds t contractions 7 =m$ by omitt+ !m4 ,possibly because ^! prefixes & affixes 7 s common1 !y came to be tak5 = grant$2 x 0 sc>cely necess>y to write !m1 because 9 any case !y w\ld be und]/ood4 ,probably 9 hi/oric times ,abi-1 ,ahi-1 & ,ammi- 7 no long] recognis$ z ,div9e names or titles2 & yet ! names :i* c\ld /ill be recognis$ z comp\nd$ ( ,el & ,jehovah mu/ h _h _! influ5ce on popul> feel+4 ,!y 7 "p ( ! religi\sness1 s to speak1 ( ! anci5t ,ea/2 !y symbolis$ ! con/ant int]tw9+ ( religi\s acts1 & words1 & ?\ghts ) all ! conc]ns ( life4 ,! quality ( ?is anci5t religion 0 v inf]ior to t ( a dev\t & intellig5t mod]n ,*ri/ian2 x 0 p]haps inf]ior to t ( ,russian peasants belong+ to ! ,greek ,*ur*2 b anci5t religion p]vad$ life & society m consci\sly ?an mod]n ,*ri/ianity does2 x t\*$ all classes & occasions m directly1 if also m me*anically4 ,&1 aga91 ^! names 7 n ! fossil relics ( obsolete habits ( ?\ght & feel+1 l ! names ( our *ur*es & colleges2 !y 7 ! memorials ( comp>atively rec5t acts ( fai?4 ,! "n 8,elijah0 commemorat$ ! solemn occasion on :i* a fa!r pr(ess$ 8 own fai? & consecrat$ a new-born *ild to ! true ,god by nam+ 8 boy 8,jehovah is my ,god40 ,?is "n-giv+ 0 also a pray]3 ! *ild 0 plac$ "u ! protection ( ! deity ^: "n x bore4 ,! practice might be ta9t$ ) sup]/ition2 ! "n w\ld (t5 be reg>d$ z a k9d ( amulet2 & yet we may believe t x c\ld also s]ve to express a p>5t's e>ne/ & simple-m9d$ fai?4 ,mod]n ,engli%m5 h develop$ a habit ( almo/ complete retic5ce & res]ve on religi\s matt]s1 & ?is habit is illu/rat$ by our *oice ( prop] names4 ,m>y1 & ,?omas1 & ,james are s famili> t _! ,scriptural orig9 is =gott51 & !re=e !y are tol]at$2 b ! use ( di/9ctively ,scriptural ,*ri/ian names is virtually reg>d$ z bad ta/e4 ,?is retic5ce is n m]ely due to increas$ delicacy ( spiritual feel+3 x is p>tly ! result ( ! gr[? ( sci5ce & ( lit]>y & hi/orical criticism4 ,we h become absorb$ 9 ! wond]ful revelations ( me?ods & processes2 we are fasc9at$ by ! +5i\s me*anism ( nature & society4 ,we h no leisure to deta* our ?\ghts f ! ma*9]y & c>ry !m fur!r on to its ,mak] & ,director4 ,inde$1 because !re is s mu* me*anism & because x is s wond]ful1 we are sometimes ask$ to believe t ! ma*9e made itself4 ,b ?is is a m]e phase 9 ! religi\s gr[? ( mank9d3 humanity w tire ( "s ( its new toys1 & w become famili> ) ! re/2 deep] ne$s & in/9cts w reass]t !mselves2 & m5 w f9d !mselves ne>] 9 s5tim5t ?an !y suppos$ to ! anci5t p :o nam$ _! *ildr5 aft] _! ,god4 ,9 ?is & o!r matt]s ! ,ea/ to-day is ! same z ( old2 ! p]man5ce ( its cu/om is no inapt symbol ( ! p]man5ce ( ,div9e tru?1 :i* revolution & conque/ are p[]less to *ange4 8,! ,ea/ b[$ l[ be=e ! bla/ ,9 pati5t1 deep disda92 ,%e let ! legions ?und] pa/1 ,& plung$ 9 ?\ght aga940 ,b ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* is mi/ress ( a m compell+ magic ?an ev5 ,ea/]n pati5ce & t5acity3 out ( ! /orms t ?reat5 h]1 %e draws new en]gies = s]vice1 & le>ns a m expressive language 9 :i* to decl>e ! glory ( ,god4 ,let u glance = a mom5t at ! mean+s ( ! gr\p ( ,div9e names giv5 above4 ,we h said t1 9 addition to ,mele* 9 ,mal*i-1 ,abi1 ,ahi1 & ,ammi are to be reg>d$ z ,div9e names4 ,"o reason = ?is is t _! use z prefixes is /rictly analog\s to t ( ,el & ,jeho-4 ,we h ,abijah & ,ahijah z well z ,elijah1 ,abiel & ,ammiel z well z ,eliel1 ,abiram & ,ahiram z well z ,jehoram2 ,ammi%addai comp>es ) ,zuri%addai1 & ,ammizabad ) ,jehozabad1 nor w\ld x be difficult to add _m o!r examples4 ,if ?is view be correct1 ,ammi w h no?+ to d ) ! ,hebrew ^w = 8p10 b w r be connect$ ) ! correspond+ ,arabic ^w = 8uncle407#ee7 ,z ! use ( su* t]ms z 8bro!r0 & 8uncle0 = ,div9e names is n consonant ) ,hebrew !ology 9 its hi/oric p]iod1 ! names :i* conta9 ^! prefixes mu/ h come d[n f e>li] ages1 & 7 us$ 9 lat] times )\t any consci\sness ( _! orig9al s5se4 ,probably !y 7 expla9$ by new etymologies m 9 h>mony ) ! _s ( ! times2 comp>e ! etymology 8fa!r ( a multitude ( nations0 giv5 to ,abraham4 ,ev5 ,abi-1 fa!r1 9 ! e>ly times to :i* its use z a prefix mu/ be ref]r$1 _c h _h ! full spiritual mean+ :i* n[ atta*es to x z a ,div9e title4 ,x probably only signifi$ ! ultimate s\rce ( life4 ,! disappe>ance ( ^! religi\s t]ms f ! common vocabul>y & _! use 9 names long aft] _! significance _h be5 =gott5 are ord9>y ph5om5a 9 ! developm5t ( language & religion4 ,h[ _m ( ! millions :o use our ,engli% names = ! days ( ! week ev] give a ?\ght to ,?or or ,freya8 ,su* ph5om5a h m ?an an antiqu>ian int]e/4 ,!y rem9d u t religi\s t]ms1 & phrases1 & =mul d]ive _! influ5ce & value f _! adaptation to ! age :i* accepts !m2 & !re=e _m ( !m w become un9telligible or ev5 mislead+ to lat] g5]ations4 ,language v>ies cont9u\sly1 circum/ances *ange1 exp]i5ce wid5s1 & e age has a "r to dem& t ,div9e tru? %all be pres5t$ 9 ! words & metaphors t give x ! cle>e/ & mo/ =cible expression4 ,_m ( ! simple tru?s t are mo/ ess5tial to salvation admit ( be+ /at$ once = all2 b dogmatic !ology fossilises fa/1 & ! bread ( "o g5]ation may become a /one to ! next4 ,! hi/ory ( ^! names illu/rates yet ano!r ph5om5on4 ,9 "s n>r[ & imp]fect s5se ! e>ly ,semitic peoples seem to h call$ ,god 8,fa!r0 & 8,bro!r40 ,because ! t]ms 7 limit$ to a n>r[ s5se1 ! ,israelites grew to a level ( religi\s tru? at :i* !y c\ld no long] use !m2 b z !y made yet fur!r progress !y came to "k m ( :at 0 meant by fa!rhood & bro!rhood1 & ga9$ also a deep] k ( ,god4 ,at l5g? ! ,*ur* resum$ ^! anci5t ,semitic t]ms2 & ,*ri/ians call ,god 8,abba1 ,fa!r10 & speak ( ! ,et]nal ,son z _! eld] ,bro!r4 ,& ?us sometimes1 b n always1 an antique phrase may = a "t seem unsuitable & mislead+1 & !n aga9 may prove to be ! be/ expression = ! newe/ & fulle/ tru?4 ,our criticism ( a religi\s =mula may simply reveal our failure to grasp ! weal? ( mean+ :i* its words & symbols c conta94 ,turn+ f ^! obsolete names to ^? 9 common use--,el2 ,jehovah2 ,%addai2 ,zur2 ,mele*--probably ! prevail+ idea popul>ly associat$ ) !m all 0 t ( /r5g?3 ,el1 /r5g? 9 ! ab/ract2 ,jehovah1 /r5g? %[n 9 p]man5ce & indep5d5ce2 ,%addai1 ! /r5g? t causes t]ror1 ! ,almighty f :om come? de/ruction7#ef72 ,zur1 rock1 ! mat]ial symbol ( /r5g?1 ,mele*1 k+1 ! possessor ( au?ority4 ,9 e>ly times ! fir/ & mo/ ess5tial attribute ( ,deity is p[]1 b ) ?is idea ( /r5g? a c]ta9 attribute ( b5efic5ce is soon associat$4 ,! /rong ,god is ! ,ally ( ,8 p2 ,8 p]man5ce is ! gu>antee ( _! national exi/5ce2 ,he de/roys _! enemies4 ,! rock is a place ( refuge2 &1 aga91 ,jehovah's p may rejoice 9 ! %ad[ ( a great rock 9 a we>y l&4 ,! ,k+ leads !m to battle1 & gives !m _! enemies = a spoil4 ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 suppose t pi\s ,israelites w\ld consci\sly & sy/ematically discrim9ate betwe5 ^! names1 any m ?an ord9>y ,*ri/ians d betwe5 ,god1 ,"l1 ,fa!r1 ,*ri/1 ,savi\r1 ,jesus4 ,_! usage w\ld be gov]n$ by *ang+ curr5ts ( s5tim5t v difficult to und]/& & expla9 aft] ! lapse ( ?\s&s ( ye>s4 ,9 ! ye> ,a4,d4 #cjjj1 = in/ance1 x w be difficult = ! hi/orian ( dogmatics to expla9 accurately :y "s n9ete5?-c5tury ,*ri/ians pref]r$ to speak ( 8de> ,jesus0 & o!rs ( 8! ,*ri/40 ,b ! simple ,div9e names reveal comp>atively little2 mu* m may be le>nt f ! num]\s comp\nds !y help to =m4 ,"s ( ! m curi\s h already be5 notic$1 b ! real significance ( ?is nom5clature is to be look$ = 9 ! m ord9>y & natural names4 ,"h1 z be=e1 we c only select f ! long & v>i$ li/4 ,let u take "s ( ! fav\rite names & "s ( ! roots mo/ (t5 us$1 almo/ always1 be x rememb]$1 9 comb9ation ) ,div9e names4 ,! diff]5t v>ieties ( ^! sacr$ names r5d]$ x possible to con/ruct v>i\s p]sonal names embody+ ! same idea4 ,also ! same ,div9e "n might be us$ ei!r z prefix or affix4 ,= in/ance1 ! idea t 8,god kn[s0 is equally well express$ 9 ! names ,eliada 7,el-yada'71 ,j$iael 7,yada'-el71 ,jehoiada 7,jeho-yada'71 & ,j$aiah 7,yada'-yah74 8,god rememb]s0 is express$ alike by ,za*>iah & ,joza*>2 8,god he>s0 by ,eli%ama 7,el-%ama'71 ,samuel 7if = ,%ama'-el71 ,i%mael 7also f ,%ama'-el71 ,%emaiah1 & ,i%maiah 7bo? f ,%ama' & ,yah72 8,god gives0 by ,elna?an1 ,ne?aneel1 ,jona?an1 & ,ne?aniah2 8,god helps0 by ,eliez]1 ,az>eel1 ,joez]1 & ,az>iah2 8,god is graci\s0 by ,elhanan1 ,hananeel1 ,johanan1 ,hananiah1 ,baal-hanan1 &1 = a ,c>?ag9ian1 ,hannibal1 giv+ u a curi\s connection betwe5 ! ,apo/le ( love1 ,john 7,johanan71 & ! deadly enemy ( ,rome4 ,! way 9 :i* ! *anges are rung ^u ^! ideas %[s h[ ! anci5t ,israelites lov$ to dwell ^u !m4 ,ne/le reckons t 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t sixty-"o p]sons h names =m$ f ! root na?an1 to give2 fifty-sev5 f %ama1 to he>2 fifty-six f 'az>1 to help2 =ty-five f hanan1 to be graci\s2 =ty-f\r f zakh>1 to rememb]4 ,_m p]sons1 too1 be> names f ! root yada'1 to "k4 ,! fav\rite "n is ,ze*>iah1 :i* is borne by tw5ty-five diff]5t p]sons4 ,h5ce1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( names1 ! ,israelites' fav\rite ideas ab\t ,god 7 t ,he he>d1 & knew1 & rememb]$2 t ,he 0 graci\s1 & help$ m51 & gave !m gifts3 b !y lov$ be/ to ?9k ( ,him z ,god ! ,giv]4 ,_! nom5clature recognises _m o!r attributes1 b ^! take ! fir/ place4 ,! value ( ?is te/imony is enhanc$ by its utt] unconsci\sness & naturalness2 x br+s u ne>] to ! av]age man 9 8 religi\s mom5ts ?an any psalm or prophetic utt]ance4 ,m5's *ief int]e/ 9 ,god 0 z ! ,giv]4 ,! idea has prov$ v p]man5t2 ,/4 ,james amplifies x3 ,god is ! ,giv] ( e good & p]fect gift4 ,x lies lat5t 9 names3 ,!odosius1 ,!odore1 ,!odora1 & ,doro!a4 ,! o!r fav\rite ideas are all relat$ to ?is4 ,god he>s m5's pray]s1 & kn[s _! ne$s1 & rememb]s !m2 ,he is graci\s1 & helps !m by ,8 gifts4 ,c\ld any?+ be m pa!tic ?an ?is artless self-revelation8 ,m5's m9ds h little leisure = s9 & salvation2 !y are kept d[n by ! con/ant necessity ( pres]v+ & provid+ = a b>e exi/5ce4 ,_! cry to ,god is l ! pray] ( ,jacob1 8,if ,?\ wilt give me bread to eat & raim5t to put on60 ,! v confid5ce & gratitude t ! names express imply p]iods ( d\bt & fe>1 :5 !y said1 8,c ,god prep>e a table 9 ! wild]ness80 times :5 x seem$ to !m impossible t ,god c\ld h he>d _! pray] or t ,he knew _! mis]y1 else :y 0 !re no deliv]ance8 ,_h ,god =gott5 to be graci\s8 ,did ,he inde$ rememb]8 ,! names come to u z answ]s ( fai? to ^! sugge/ions ( despair4 ,possibly ^! old-_w sa9ts 7 n m preoccupi$ ) _! mat]ial ne$s ?an mo/ mod]n ,*ri/ians4 ,p]haps x is necess>y to believe 9 a ,god :o rules on e>? be=e we c und]/& ! ,fa!r :o is 9 heav54 ,does a man really tru/ 9 ,god = et]nal life if he _c tru/ ,him = daily bread8 ,b 9 any case ^! names provide u ) v compreh5sive =mul1 :i* we are at lib]ty to apply z freely z we please3 ! ,god :o kn[s1 & he>s1 & rememb]s1 :o is graci\s1 & helps m51 & gives !m gifts4 ,to beg9 )1 note h[ 9 a great array ( ,old ,te/am5t names ,god is ! ,subject1 ,actor1 & ,work]2 ! supreme facts ( life are ,god & ,god's do+s1 n man & man's do+s1 :at ,god is to man1 n :at man is to ,god4 ,?is is a =e%ad[+ ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9es ( grace & ( ! ,div9e sov]eignty4 ,& aga9 we are left to fill 9 ! objects ( ! s5t5ces = ourselves3 ,god he>s1 & rememb]s1 & gives--:at8 ,all t we h to say to ,him & all t we are capable ( receiv+ f ,him4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,h]$ity4 #a ,*ron4 i4-ix4 ,x has be5 said t ,religion is ! great discov]] ( tru?1 :ile ,sci5ce foll[s h] sl[ly & aft] a long int]val4 ,h]$ity1 s mu* discuss$ j n[1 is sometimes treat$ z if its pr9ciples 7 a great discov]y ( ! pres5t c5tury4 ,popul> sci5ce is apt to ignore hi/ory & to mi/ake a fre% nom5clature = an entirely new sy/em ( tru?1 & yet ! imm5se & f>-rea*+ importance ( h]$ity has be5 "o ( ! commonplaces ( ?\ght ev] s9ce hi/ory began4 ,sci5ce has be5 anticipat$1 n m]ely by religi\s feel+1 b by a univ]sal in/9ct4 ,9 ! old _w political & social sy/ems h be5 bas$ ^u ! recognition ( ! pr9ciple ( h]$ity1 & religion has sanction$ su* recognition4 ,ca/e 9 ,india is a religi\s ev5 m ?an a social in/itution2 & we use ! t]m figuratively 9 ref]5ce to anci5t & mod]n life1 ev5 :5 ! in/itution has n =mally exi/$4 ,)\t ! aid ( def9ite civil or religi\s law ! =ce ( s5tim5t & circum/ances suffices to e/abli% an in=mal sy/em ( ca/e4 ,?us ! feudal ari/ocracy & guilds ( ! ,middle ,ages 7 n )\t _! r\gh c\nt]p>ts 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,moreov]1 ! local divisions ( ! ,hebrew k+doms correspond$ 9 !ory1 at any rate1 to blood relation%ips2 & ! tribe1 ! clan1 & ! family _h ev5 m fixity & importance ?an n[ belong to ! p>i% or ! municipality4 ,a man's family hi/ory or g5ealogy 0 ! rul+ factor 9 det]m9+ 8 home1 8 occupation1 & 8 social position4 ,9 ! *ronicl]'s "t ?is 0 especially ! case ) ! (ficial m9i/]s ( religion1 ! ,temple e/abli%m5t to :i* he himself belong$4 ,! prie/s1 ! ,levites1 ! s+]s1 & doorkeep]s =m$ ca/es 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! ^w4 ,a man's bir? def9itely assign$ him to "o ( ^! classes1 to :i* none b ! memb]s ( c]ta9 families c\ld belong4 ,b ! g5ealogies _h a deep] significance4 ,israel 0 ,jehovah's *os5 p1 ,8 son1 to :om special privileges 7 gu>ante$ by solemn cov5ant4 ,a man's claim to %>e 9 ?is cov5ant dep5d$ on 8 g5u9e ,israelite desc5t1 & ! pro( ( su* desc5t 0 an au!ntic g5ealogy4 ,9 ^! *apt]s ! *ronicl] has tak5 inf9ite pa9s to collect p$igrees f all available s\rces & to con/ruct a complete set ( g5ealogies exhibit+ ! l9es ( desc5t ( ! families ( ,israel4 ,8 int]e/ 9 ?is rese>* 0 n m]ely antiqu>ian3 he 0 inve/igat+ matt]s ( ! greate/ social & religi\s importance to all ! memb]s ( ! ,jewi% community1 & especially to 8 colleagues & fri5ds 9 ! ,temple s]vice4 ,^! *apt]s1 :i* seem to u s dry & useless1 7 probably reg>d$ by ! *ronicl]'s contempor>ies z ! mo/ important "p ( 8 "w4 ,! pres]vation or discov]y ( a g5ealogy 0 almo/ a matt] ( life & dea?4 ,witness ! episode 9 ,ezra & ,nehemiah7#eg73 8,& ( ! prie/s3 ! *ildr5 ( ,hobaiah1 ! *ildr5 ( ,hakkoz1 ! *ildr5 ( ,b>zillai1 :i* took a wife ( ! daught]s ( ,b>zillai ! ,gileadite1 & 0 call$ aft] _! "n4 ,^! s\ght _! regi/] among ^? t 7 reckon$ by g5ealogy1 b x 0 n f\nd2 !re=e !y 7 deem$ pollut$ & put f ! prie/hood4 ,& ! gov]nor said unto !m t !y %\ld n eat ( ! mo/ holy ?+s1 till !re /ood up a prie/ ) ,urim & ,?ummim40 ,cases l ^! w\ld /imulate our au?or's en?usiasm4 ,z he turn$ ov] du/y receptacles1 & unroll$ fray$ p>*m5ts1 & pa9fully deciph]$ crabb$ & fad$ script1 he w\ld be excit$ by ! hope ( discov]+ "s mislaid g5ealogy t w\ld re/ore outca/s to _! full /atus & privileges z ,israelites & prie/s4 ,d\btless he _h already acquir$ 9 "s measure ! subtle exegesis & m9ute casui/ry t 7 ! glory ( lat] ,rabb9ism4 ,+5i\s int]pretation ( obscure writ+ or ! happy em5dation ( half-oblit]at$ words might l5d opportune aid 9 ! recov]y ( a g5ealogy4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re 7 ve/$ int]e/s ready to prote/ aga9/ ! too easy acceptance ( new claims4 ,! prie/ly families ( und\bt$ desc5t f ,a>on w\ld n ?ank a *ronicl] = reviv+ laps$ rights to a %>e 9 ! (fices & rev5ues ( ! ,temple4 ,?is "p ( our au?or's task 0 z delicate z x 0 important4 ,we w n[ briefly consid] ! g5ealogies 9 ^! *apt]s 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are giv54 ,*ap4 i4 conta9s g5ealogies ( ! patri>*al p]iod select$ f ,g5esis4 ,! exi/+ races ( ! _w are all trac$ back ?r\gh ,%em1 ,ham1 & ,japhe? to ,noah1 & ?r\gh him to ,adam4 ,! *ronicl] ?us accepts & repeats ! doctr9e ( ,g5esis t ,god made ( "o e nation ( m5 = to dwell on all ! face ( ! e>?47#eh7 ,all mank9d1 8,greek & ,jew1 circumcision & uncircumcision1 b>b>ian1 ,scy?ian1 bondman1 freeman107#ei7 7 alike desc5d$ f ,noah1 :o 0 sav$ f ! ,flood by ! special c>e ( ,god2 f ,eno*1 :o walk$ ) ,god2 f ,adam1 :o 0 creat$ by ,god 9 ,8 own image & lik5ess4 ,! ,israelites did n claim1 l c]ta9 ,greek clans1 to be ! desc5dants ( a special god ( _! own1 or1 l ! ,a!nians1 to h sprung miracul\sly f sacr$ soil4 ,_! g5ealogies te/ifi$ t n m]ely ,israelite nature1 b human nature1 is m\ld$ on a ,div9e patt]n4 ,^! app>5tly b>r5 li/s ( names en%r9e ! great pr9ciples ( ! univ]sal bro!rhood ( m5 & ! univ]sal ,fa!rhood ( ,god4 ,! *ronicl] wrote :5 ! broad univ]salism ( ! prophets 0 be+ replac$ by ! h>d exclusiv5ess ( ,judaism2 & yet1 p]haps unconsci\sly1 he reproduces ! g5ealogies :i* 7 to be "o weapon ( ,/4 ,paul 9 8 /ruggle ) t exclusiv5ess4 ,! op5+ *apt]s ( ,g5esis & ,*ronicles are among ! f\ndations ( ! ca?olicity ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,= ! ant$iluvian p]iod only ! ,se?ite g5ealogy is giv54 ,! *ronicl]'s object 0 simply to give ! orig9 ( exi/+ races2 & ! desc5dants ( ,ca9 7 omitt$1 z entirely de/roy$ by ! ,flood4 ,foll[+ ! example ( ,g5esis1 ! *ronicl] gives ! g5ealogies ( o!r races at ! po9ts at :i* !y div]g$ f ! ance/ral l9e ( ,israel1 & !n cont9ues ! family hi/ory ( ! *os5 race4 ,9 ?is way ! desc5dants ( ,japhe? & ,ham1 ! non-,abrahamic ,semites1 ! ,i%maelites1 ! sons ( ,keturah1 & ! ,edomites are successively m5tion$4 ,! relations ( ,israel ) ,edom 7 always close & mo/ly ho/ile4 ,! ,edomites _h tak5 advantage ( ! ov]?r[ ( ! s\!rn k+dom to appropriate ! s\? ( ,judah1 & /ill cont9u$ to occupy x4 ,! ke5 int]e/ felt by ! *ronicl] 9 ,edom is %[n by ! l>ge space devot$ to ! ,edomites4 ,! close contiguity ( ! ,jews & ,idumans t5d$ to promote mutual int]c\rse betwe5 !m1 & ev5 ?reat5$ an ev5tual fusion ( ! two peoples4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! ,iduman ,h]ods became rul]s ( ,juda4 ,to gu>d aga9/ su* dang]s to ! sep>at5ess ( ! ,jewi% p1 ! *ronicl] emphasises ! hi/orical di/9ction ( race betwe5 !m & ! ,edomites4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! second *apt] onw>ds ! g5ealogies are :olly occupi$ ) ,israelites4 ,! au?or's special int]e/ 9 ,judah is at once manife/$4 ,aft] giv+ ! li/ ( ! twelve ,patri>*s he devotes two & a half *apt]s to ! families ( ,judah4 ,"h aga9 ! mat]ials h be5 mo/ly obta9$ f ! e>li] hi/orical books4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 comb9$ ) m rec5t traditions1 s t 9 ?is *apt] matt] f diff]5t s\rces is piec$ toge!r 9 a v confus+ fa%ion4 ,"o s\rce ( ?is confusion 0 ! pr9ciple t ! ,jewi% community c\ld only consi/ ( families ( g5u9e ,israelite desc5t4 ,n[ a l>ge numb] ( ! return$ exiles trac$ _! desc5t to two bro!rs1 ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel2 b 9 ! old] n>ratives ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel are n ,israelites4 ,caleb is a ,k5izzite17#fj7 & 8 desc5dants & ^? ( ,j]ahmeel appe> 9 close connection ) ! ,k5ites47#fa7 ,ev5 9 ?is *apt] c]ta9 ( ! ,calebites are call$ ,k5ites & connect$ 9 "s /range way ) ! ,re*abites47#fb7 ,?\gh at ! close ( ! mon>*y ! ,calebites & ,j]ahmeelites _h become an integral "p ( ! tribe ( ,judah1 _! sep>ate orig9 _h n be5 =gott51 & ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel _h n be5 includ$ 9 ! ,israelite g5ealogies4 ,b aft] ! ,exile m5 came to feel m & m /rongly t a common fai? impli$ unity ( race4 ,moreov]1 ! practical unity ( ! ,jews ) ^! ,k5izzites ov]bore ! dim & fad+ memory ( anci5t tribal di/9ctions4 ,jews & ,k5izzites _h %>$ ! ,captivity1 ! ,exile1 & ! ,return2 !y work$1 & f\ght1 & wor%ipp$ side by side2 & !y 7 to all int5ts & purposes "o nation1 alike ! p ( ,jehovah4 ,?is obvi\s & important practical tru? 0 express$ z su* tru?s 7 !n wont to be express$4 ,! *ildr5 ( ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel 7 f9ally & =mally adopt$ into ! *os5 race4 ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel are no long] ! sons ( ,jephunneh ! ,k5izzite2 !y are ! sons ( ,hezron1 ! son ( ,p]ez1 ! son ( ,judah47#fc7 ,a new g5ealogy 0 =m$ z a recognition r ?an an explanation ( accompli%$ facts4 ,( ! section conta9+ ! g5ealogies ( ,judah1 ! lion's %>e is naturally giv5 to ! h\se ( ,david1 to :i* a "p ( ! second *apt] & ! :ole ( ! ?ird are devot$4 ,next foll[ g5ealogies ( ! rema9+ tribes1 ^? ( ,levi & ,b5jam9 be+ by f> ! mo/ complete4 ,*ap4 vi41 :i* is devot$ to ,levi1 af=ds evid5ce ( ! use by ! *ronicl] ( indep5d5t & sometimes inconsi/5t s\rces1 & also illu/rates 8 special int]e/ 9 ! prie/hood & ! ,temple *oir4 ,a li/ ( high-prie/s f ,a>on to ,ahimaaz is giv5 twice ov] 7vv4 #d-h & #di-ec71 b only "o l9e ( high-prie/s is recognis$1 ! h\se ( ,zadok1 :om ,josiah's re=ms _h made ! "o prie/ly family 9 ,israel4 ,_! anci5t rivals ! high-prie/s ( ! h\se ( ,eli are z entirely ignor$ z ! ant$iluvian ,ca9ites4 ,! exi/+ high-prie/ly dyna/y _h be5 s long e/abli%$ t ^! o!r prie/s ( ,saul & ,david seem$ no long] to h any significance = ! religion ( ,israel4 ,! p$igree ( ! ?ree ,levitical families ( ,g]%om1 ,koha?1 & ,m]>i is also giv5 twice ov]3 9 vv4 #af-cj & #ca-di4 ,! =m] p$igree beg9s ) ! sons ( ,levi1 & proce$s to _! desc5dants2 ! latt] beg9s ) ! f\nd]s ( ! guilds ( s+]s1 ,heman1 ,asaph1 & ,e?an1 & traces back _! g5ealogies to ,koha?1 ,g]%om1 & ,m]>i respectively4 ,b ! p$igrees d n agree2 comp>e1 = in/ance1 ! li/s ( ! ,koha?ites3-- #bb-bd4 #cf-ch4 ,koha? ,koha? ,amm9adab ,izh> ,korah ,korah ,assir ,elkanah ,ebiasaph ,ebiasaph ,assir ,assir ,taha? ,taha? ,uriel ,zephaniah ,uzziah ,az>iah ,%aul etc4 ,we h "h "o ( _m illu/rations ( ! fact t ! *ronicl] us$ mat]ials ( v diff]5t value4 ,to attempt to prove ! absolute consi/5cy ( all 8 g5ealogies w\ld be m]e wa/e ( "t4 ,x is by no means c]ta9 t he himself suppos$ !m to be consi/5t4 ,! frank juxtaposition ( v>y+ li/s ( ance/ors r sugge/s t he 0 prompt$ by a s*ol>ly desire to pres]ve = 8 read]s all available evid5ce ( e k9d4 ,9 read+ ! g5ealogies ( ! tribe ( ,b5jam91 x is specially int]e/+ to f9d t 9 ! ,jewi% community ( ! ,re/oration !re 7 families trac+ _! desc5t ?r\gh ,mephibo%e? & ,jona?an to ,saul47#fd7 ,app>5tly ! *ronicl] & 8 contempor>ies %>$ ?is special int]e/ 9 ! =tunes ( a fall5 dyna/y1 = ! g5ealogy is giv5 twice ov]4 ,^! circum/ances are ! m /rik+ because 9 ! actual hi/ory ( ,*ronicles ,saul is all b ignor$4 ,! re/ ( ! n9? *apt] deals ) ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem & ! m9i/ry ( ! ,temple aft] ! return f ! ,captivity1 & is p>tly id5tical ) sections ( ,ezra & ,nehemiah4 ,x closes ! family hi/ory1 z x 71 ( ,israel1 & its position indicates ! /&po9t & rul+ int]e/s ( ! *ronicl]4 ,?us ! n9e op5+ *apt]s ( g5ealogies & k9dr$ matt] /rike ! key-notes ( ! :ole book4 ,"s are p]sonal & pr(essional2 "s are religi\s4 ,on ! "o h&1 we h ! orig9 ( exi/+ families & in/itutions2 on ! o!r h&1 we h ! election ( ! tribe ( ,judah & ! h\se ( ,david1 ( ! tribe ( ,levi & ! h\se ( ,a>on4 ,let u consid] fir/ ! h]$it>y "* ( ! ,jewi% religion & prie/hood4 ,"h1 z else:]e1 ! =mal doctr9e only recognis$ & accept$ actual facts4 ,! conditions :i* receiv$ ! sanction ( religion 7 fir/ impos$ by ! =ce ( circum/ances4 ,9 primitive times1 if !re 0 to be any religion at all1 x _h to be national2 if ,god 0 to be wor%ipp$ at all1 ,8 wor%ip 0 necess>ily national1 & ,he became 9 "s measure a national ,god4 ,sympa?ies are limit$ by k & by common int]e/4 ,! ord9>y ,israelite knew v little ( any o!r p ?an 8 own4 ,!re 0 little int]national comity 9 primitive times1 & nations 7 sl[ to recognise t !y _h common int]e/s4 ,x 0 difficult = an ,israelite to believe t 8 belov$ ,jehovah1 9 :om he _h be5 taught to tru/1 0 also ! ,god ( ! ,arabs & ,syrians1 :o p]iodically raid$ 8 crops1 & cattle1 & slaves1 & sometimes c>ri$ (f 8 *ildr51 or ( ! ,*aldans1 :o made delib]ate & complete arrangem5ts = plund]+ ! :ole c\ntry1 ras+ its cities to ! gr\nd1 & c>ry+ away ! population into di/ant exile4 ,by a supreme act ( fai?1 ! prophets claim$ ! enemies & oppressors ( ,israel z in/rum5ts ( ! w ( ,jehovah1 & ! *ronicl]'s g5ealogies %[ t he %>$ ?is fai?2 b x 0 /ill inevitable t ! ,jews %\ld look out ^u ! _w at l>ge f ! /&po9t ( _! own national int]e/s & exp]i5ce4 ,jehovah 0 ,god ( heav5 & e>?2 b ,israelites knew ,him ?r\gh ! deliv]ance ,he _h wr\ght = ,israel1 ! puni%m5ts ,he _h inflict$ on h] s9s1 & ! messages ,he _h entru/$ to h] prophets4 ,z f> z _! k & practical exp]i5ce w5t1 !y knew ,him z ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,! c\rse ( ev5ts s9ce ! fall ( ,sam>ia n>r[$ /ill fur!r ! local associations ( ,hebrew wor%ip4 8,god 0 wro?1 ,& greatly abhorr$ ,israel1 ,s t ,he =sook ! tab]nacle ( ,%iloh1 ,! t5t :i* ,he plac$ among m52 ,he refus$ ! t5t ( ,joseph1 ,& *ose n ! tribe ( ,ephraim1 ,b *ose ! tribe ( ,judah1 ,! ,m\nt ,zion :i* ,he lov$3 ,& ,he built ,8 sanctu>y l ! heights1 ,l ! e>?1 :i* ,he ha? e/abli%$ = ev]407#fe7 ,we are d\btless "r 9 criticis+ ^? ,jews ^: limitations l$ !m to reg>d ,jehovah z a k9d ( p]sonal possession1 ! inh]itance ( _! own nation1 & n ( o!r peoples4 ,b ev5 "h we c only blame _! negations4 ,jehovah 0 _! inh]itance & p]sonal possession2 b !n ,he 0 also ! inh]itance ( o!r nations4 ,?is ,jewi% h]esy is by no means ext9ct3 :ite m5 d n always believe t _! ,god is equally ! ,god ( ! negro2 ,engli%m5 are incl9$ to ?9k t ,god is ! ,god ( ,engl& 9 a m especial way ?an ,he is ! ,god ( ,france4 ,:5 we disc\rse conc]n+ ,god 9 hi/ory1 we mo/ly mean our own hi/ory4 ,we c see ! h& ( ,provid5ce 9 ! wreck ( ! ,armada & ! ov]?r[ ( ,napoleon2 b we are n s ready to recognise 9 ! same ,napoleon ! ,div9e in/rum5t t creat$ a new ,europe by reliev+ h] peoples f cruel & degrad+ tyranny4 ,we sc>cely realise t ,god c>es z mu* = ! ,cont95t z ,he does = our isl&4 ,we h great & p]haps suffici5t excuses1 b we mu/ let ! ,jews h ! b5efit ( !m4 ,god is z mu* ! ,god ( "o nation z ( ano!r2 b ,he fulfils ,himself to diff]5t nations 9 diff]5t ways1 by a v>i\s provid5tial discipl9e4 ,ea* p is b\nd to believe t ,god has specially adapt$ ,8 deal+s to its ne$s1 nor c we be surpris$ if m5 =get or fail to obs]ve t ,god has done no less = _! neighb\rs4 ,ea* nation rightly reg>ds its religi\s ideas1 & life1 & lit]ature z a preci\s inh]itance peculi>ly its own2 & x %\ld n be too sev]ely blam$ = be+ ignorant t o!r nations h _! inh]itance also4 ,su* consid]ations l>gely ju/ify ! int]e/ 9 h]$ity %[n by ! *ronicl]'s g5ealogies4 ,on ! positive1 practical side1 religion is l>gely a matt] ( h]$ity1 & ought to be4 ,! ,*ri/ian sacram5t ( baptism is a cont9ual pr(ession ( ?is tru?3 our *ildr5 are 8clean02 !y are )9 ! cov5ant ( grace2 we claim = !m ! privileges ( ! ,*ur* to :i* we belong4 ,t 0 also "p ( ! mean+ ( ! g5ealogies4 ,9 ! broad field ( social & religi\s life ! problems ( h]$ity are 9 "s ways less complicat$ ?an 9 ! m exact discussions ( physical sci5ce4 ,practical effects c be consid]$ )\t attempt+ an accurate analysis ( causes4 ,family hi/ory n only det]m9es physical con/itution1 m5tal gifts1 & moral "*1 b also fixes = ! mo/ "p c\ntry1 home1 education1 circum/ances1 & social position4 ,all ^! 7 a man's inh]itance m peculi>ly 9 ,israel ?an ) u2 & 9 _m cases 9 ,israel a man 0 (t5 tra9$ to inh]it a family pr(ession4 ,ap>t f ! m9i/ry ( ! ,temple1 we read ( a family ( craftsm51 ( o!r families t 7 pott]s1 ( o!rs :o dwelt ) ! k+ = 8 "w1 & ( ! families ( ! h\se ( !m t wr\ght f9e l9547#ff7 ,religion is l>gely involv$ 9 ! manifold inh]itance :i* a man receives f 8 fa!rs4 ,8 bir? det]m9es 8 religi\s education1 ! examples ( religi\s life set be=e him1 ! =ms ( wor%ip 9 :i* z a *ild he takes "p4 ,mo/ m5 live & die 9 ! religion ( _! *ildhood2 !y wor%ip ! ,god ( _! fa!rs2 ,romani/ rema9s ,romani/3 ,prote/ant rema9s ,prote/ant4 ,!y may fail to grasp any liv+ fai?1 or may lose all int]e/ 9 religion2 b su* religion z mo/ m5 h is "p ( _! inh]itance4 ,9 ! ,israel ( ! *ronicl] fai? & devotion to ,god 7 almo/ always & entirely inh]it$4 ,!y 7 "p ( ! great debt :i* a man ow$ to 8 fa!rs4 ,! recognition ( ^! facts %\ld t5d to fo/] our humility & rev]5ce1 to enc\rage patriotism & philan?ropy4 ,we are ! creatures & debtors ( ! pa/1 ?\gh we are sl[ to own our obligations4 ,we h no?+ t we h n receiv$2 b we are apt to consid] ourselves self-made m51 ! ar*itects & build]s ( our own =tunes1 :o h ! "r to be self-satisfi$1 self-ass]tive1 & selfi%4 ,! heir ( all ! ages1 9 ! full vig\r ( y\?1 takes 8 place 9 ! =emo/ ranks ( "t1 & m>*es on 9 ! happy consci\sness ( pr(\nd & multif>i\s wisdom1 imm5se res\rces1 & magnific5t opportunity4 ,he =gets or ev5 despises ! g5]ations ( lab\r & angui% t h built up = him 8 great inh]itance4 ,! g5ealogies are a sil5t prote/ aga9/ su* insol5t +ratitude4 ,!y rem9d u t 9 bygone days a man d]iv$ 8 gifts & receiv$ 8 opportunities f 8 ance/ors2 !y %[ u m5 z ! l9ks 9 a *a91 t5ants = life1 z x 71 ( our e/ate1 call$ ^u to pay back ) int]e/ to ! future ! debt :i* !y h incurr$ to ! pa/4 ,we see t ! *a9 is a long "o1 ) _m l9ks2 & ! slight e/imate we are incl9$ to put ^u ! "w ( individuals 9 ea* g5]ation recoils ^u our own pride4 ,we also are b individuals ( a g5]ation t is only "o ( ! ?\s&s ne$$ to "w out ! ,div9e purpose = mank9d4 ,we are taught ! humility t spr+s f a s5se ( obligation & responsibility4 ,we le>n rev]5ce = ! work]s & a*ievem5ts ( ! pa/1 & mo/ ( all = ,god4 ,we are rem9d$ ( ! scale ( ! ,div9e work+3-- 8,a ?\s& ye>s 9 ,?y sight ,are b z ye/]day :5 x is pa/ ,& z a wat* 9 ! night40 ,a g5ealogy is a brief & po9t$ rem9d] t ,god has be5 work+ ?r\gh all ! c\ntless g5]ations beh9d u4 ,! b>e s]ies ( names is an expressive diagram ( ,8 mighty process4 ,ea* "n 9 ! e>li] li/s /&s = a g5]ation or ev5 = sev]al g5]ations4 ,! g5ealogies g back into dim1 prehi/oric p]iods2 !y sugge/ a pa/ too remote = our imag9+4 ,& yet !y take u back to ,adam1 to ! v beg9n+ ( human life4 ,f t beg9n+1 h[ev] _m ?\s&s or t5s ( ?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 ! life ( man has be5 sacr$1 ! object ( ! ,div9e c>e & love1 ! in/rum5t ( ! ,div9e purpose4 ,lat] on we see ! p$igree ( our race divid+ into c\ntless bran*es1 all ( :i* are repres5t$ 9 ?is sacr$ diagram ( humanity4 ,! ,div9e work+ n only ext5ds ov] all "t1 b also embraces all ! complicat$ circum/ances & relation%ips ( ! families ( mank9d4 ,^! g5ealogies sugge/ a lesson probably n int5d$ by ! *ronicl]4 ,we recognise ! unique "* ( ! hi/ory ( ,israel1 b 9 "s measure we disc]n 9 ?is "o full & detail$ n>rative ( ! *os5 p a type ( ! hi/ory ( e race4 ,o!rs _h n ! election ( ,israel1 b ea* _h its own vocation4 ,god's p[]1 & wisdom1 & love are manife/$ 9 ! hi/ory ( "o *os5 p on a scale comm5surate ) our limit$ faculties1 s t we may ga9 "s fa9t idea ( ! m>vell\s provid5ce 9 all hi/ory ( ! ,fa!r f :om e family 9 heav5 & on e>? is nam$4 ,ano!r pr9ciple closely alli$ to h]$ity & also discuss$ 9 mod]n times is ! solid>ity ( ! race4 ,humanity is suppos$ to possess some?+ ak9 to a common consci\sness1 p]sonality1 or individuality4 ,su* a quality evid5tly becomes m int5se z we n>r[ its scope f ! race to ! nation1 ! clan1 & ! family2 x has its roots 9 family relation%ips4 ,tribal1 national1 humanit>ian feel+s indicate t ! l>g] societies h tak5 ^u !mselves some?+ ( ! "* ( ! family4 ,?us ! common feel+s & mutual sympa?ies ( mank9d are due ultimately to blood relation%ip4 ,! g5ealogies t set =? family hi/ories are ! symbols ( ?is bro!rhood or solid>ity ( our race4 ,! *>t ( conv]g+ l9es ( ance/ors 9 ,israel c>ri$ m5's m9ds back f ! sep>ate families to _! common ance/or2 aga91 ! ance/ry ( ance/ors l$ back to a /ill e>li] common orig91 & ! process cont9u$ till all ! l9es met 9 ,noah4 ,ea* /age ( ! process enl>g$ ! range ( e man's k9%ip1 & broad5$ ! natural area ( mutual help & affection4 ,x is true t ! ,jews fail$ to le>n ?is l>g] lesson f _! g5ealogies1 b )9 _! own community !y felt int5sely ! bond ( k9%ip & bro!rhood4 ,mod]n patriotism reproduces ! /rong ,jewi% national feel+1 & our humanit>ianism is beg9n+ to ext5d x to ! :ole _w4 ,by ?is "t ! facts ( h]$ity h be5 m c>efully /udi$ & are bett] und]/ood4 ,if we drew up typical g5ealogies n[1 !y w\ld m fully & accurately repres5t ! mutual relation%ips ( our p4 ,z f> z !y g1 ! *ronicl]'s g5ealogies =m a cle> & in/ructive diagram ( ! mutual dep5d5ce ( man on man & family on family4 ,! value ( ! diagram does n require ! accuracy ( ! actual names any m ?an ! validity ( ,euclid requires ! actual exi/5ce ( triangles call$ ,a ,b ,c1 ,d ,e ,f4 ,^! g5ealogies are 9 any case a true symbol ( ! facts ( family relations2 b !y are drawn1 s to speak1 9 "o dim5sion only1 backw>ds & =w>ds 9 "t4 ,yet ! real family life exi/s 9 ?ree dim5sions4 ,!re are num]\s cross-relations1 c\s9%ip ( all degrees1 z well z son%ip & bro!rhood4 ,a man has n m]ely 8 male ance/ors 9 ! directly asc5d+ l9e--fa!r1 gr&fa!r1 great-gr&fa!r1 etc4--b he has female ance/ors z well4 ,by go+ back ?ree or f\r g5]ations a man is connect$ ) an imm5se numb] ( c\s9s2 & if ! complete network ( t5 or fifte5 g5]ations c\ld be work$ out1 x w\ld probably %[ "s blood bond ?r\gh\t a :ole nation4 ,?us ! ance/ral roots ( a man's life & "* h wide ramifications 9 ! =m] g5]ations ( 8 p4 ,! fur!r we g back ! l>g] is ! elem5t ( ance/ry common to ! diff]5t individuals ( ! same community4 ,! *ronicl]'s g5ealogies only %[ u individuals z l9ks 9 a set ( *a9s4 ,! m complete g5ealogical s*eme w\ld be bett] illu/rat$ by ! ganglia ( ! n]v\s sy/em1 ea* ( :i* is connect$ by num]\s n]ve fibres ) ! o!r ganglia4 ,! ,*ur* has be5 comp>$ to ! body1 8:i* is "o1 & ha? _m memb]s1 & all ! memb]s ( ! body1 be+ _m1 are "o body40 ,humanity1 by its natural k9%ip1 is also su* a body2 ! nation is /ill m truly 8"o body40 ,patriotism & humanity are in/9cts z natural & z b9d+ z ^? ( ! family2 & ! g5ealogies express or symbolise ! wid] family ties1 t !y may comm5d ! virtues & en=ce ! duties t arise out ( ^! ties4 ,be=e clos+ ?is *apt] some?+ may be said on "o or two special po9ts4 ,wom5 are virtually ignor$ 9 ^! g5ealogies1 a fact t r indicates a failure to recognise _! influ5ce ?an ! abs5ce ( su* influ5ce4 ,"h & !re a woman is m5tion$ = "s special reason4 ,= in/ance1 ! names ( ,z]uiah & ,abigail are ins]t$ 9 ord] to %[ t ,joab1 ,abi%ai1 & ,asahel1 toge!r ) ,amasa1 7 all c\s9s ( ,david4 ,! same ke5 int]e/ 9 ,david leads ! *ronicl] to record ! names ( 8 wives4 ,x is notewor?y t ( ! f\r wom5 :o are m5tion$ 9 ,/4 ,mat!w's g5ealogy ( our ,"l only two--,tam> & ,ba?-%ua 7i4e41 ,ba?-%eba7--are m5tion$ "h4 ,probably ,/4 ,mat!w 0 c>eful to complete ! li/ because ,rahab & ,ru?1 l ,tam> & possibly ,ba?-%eba1 7 =eign]s1 & _! names 9 ! g5ealogy indicat$ a connection betwe5 ,*ri/ & ! ,g5tiles1 & s]v$ to emphasise ,8 mission to be ! ,savi\r ( ! _w4 ,aga91 mu* caution is necess>y 9 apply+ any pr9ciple ( h]$ity4 ,a g5ealogy1 z we h se51 sugge/s our dep5d5ce 9 _m ways ^u our ance/ry4 ,b a man's relations to 8 k9dr$ are _m & complicat$2 a quality1 = in/ance1 may be lat5t = "o or m g5]ations & !n reappe>1 s t to all appe>ance a man inh]its f 8 gr&fa!r or f a m remote ance/or r ?an f 8 fa!r or "m4 ,conv]sely ! pres5ce ( c]ta9 traits ( "* 9 a *ild does n %[ t any correspond+ t5d5cy has necess>ily be5 active 9 ! life ( ei!r p>5t4 ,nei!r mu/ ! influ5ce ( circum/ances be conf\nd$ ) t ( h]$ity4 ,moreov]1 v l>ge all[ance mu/ be made = our ignorance ( ! laws t gov]n ! human w1 an ignorance t w (t5 baffle our attempts to f9d 9 h]$ity any simple explanation ( m5's *>act]s & actions4 ,?omas ,full] has a qua9t 8,scripture obs]vation0 t gives an important practical application ( ^! pr9ciples3-- 8,"l1 ,i f9d ! g5ealogy ( my ,savi\r /rangely *equ]$ ) f\r rem>kable *anges 9 f\r imm$iate g5]ations3 8#a4 #8,rehoboam begat ,abiam'2 t is1 a bad fa!r begat a bad son4 8#b4 #8,abiam begat ,asa'2 t is1 a bad fa!r a good son4 8#c4 #8,asa begat ,jehosaphat'2 t is1 a good fa!r a good son4 8#d4 #8,jehosaphat begat ,joram'2 t is1 a good fa!r a bad son4 8,i see1 ,"l1 f h5ce t my fa!r's piety _c be entail$2 t is bad news = me4 ,b ,i see also t actual impiety is n always h]$it>y2 t is good news = my son40 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,/ati/ics4 ,/ati/ics play an important "p 9 ,*ronicles & 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t g5]ally4 ,to beg9 )1 !re are ! g5ealogies & o!r li/s ( names1 su* z ! li/s ( ,david's c\nsellors & ! roll ( hon\r ( 8 mighty m54 ,! *ronicl] specially delights 9 li/s ( names1 & mo/ ( all 9 li/s ( ,levitical *ori/]s4 ,he gives u li/s ( ! or*e/ras & *oirs :o p]=m$ :5 ! ,ark 0 br\ght to ,zion7#fg7 & at ,hezekiah's passov]17#fh7 also a li/ ( ,levites :om ,jeho%aphat s5t out to tea* 9 ,judah47#fi7 ,no d\bt family pride 0 gratifi$ :5 ! *ronicl]'s contempor>ies & fri5ds read ! names ( _! ance/ors 9 connection ) great ev5ts 9 ! hi/ory ( _! religion4 ,possibly !y suppli$ him ) ! in=mation f :i* ^! li/s 7 compil$4 ,an incid5tal result ( ! celibacy ( ! ,romani/ cl]gy has be5 to r5d] anci5t ecclesia/ical g5ealogies impossible2 mod]n cl]gym5 _c trace _! desc5t to ! monks :o l&$ ) ,augu/9e4 ,our g5ealogies might enable a hi/orian to con/ruct li/s ( ! combatants at ,ag9c\rt & ,ha/+s2 b ! ,crusades are ! only w>s ( ! ,*ur* militant = :i* mod]n p$igrees c\ld furni% a mu/]-roll4 ,we f9d also 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t ! specifications & subscription-li/s = ! ,tab]nacle & = ,solomon's temple47#gj7 ,^! /ati/ics1 h[ev]1 are n furni%$ = ! second ,temple1 probably = ! same reason t 9 mod]n subscription-li/s ! donors ( %ill+s & half-cr[ns are to be indicat$ by initials1 or describ$ z 8fri5ds0 & 8sympa?is]s10 or mass$ toge!r "u ! head+ 8small] sums40 ,! ,old ,te/am5t is also ri* 9 c5sus returns & /atem5ts z to ! numb]s ( armies & ( ! divisions ( :i* !y 7 compos$4 ,!re are ! returns ( ! c5sus tak5 twice 9 ! wild]ness & acc\nts ( ! numb]s ( ! diff]5t families :o came f ,babylon ) ,z]ubbabel & lat] on ) ,ezra2 !re is a c5sus ( ! ,levites 9 ,david's "t accord+ to _! sev]al families7#ga72 !re are ! numb]s ( ! tribal cont+5ts t came to ,hebron to make ,david k+17#gb7 & mu* simil> in=mation4 ,/ati/ics !re=e occupy a conspicu\s position 9 ! inspir$ record ( ,div9e revelation1 & yet we (t5 hesitate to connect su* t]ms z 8inspiration0 & 8revelation0 ) numb]s1 & names1 & details ( civil & ecclesia/ical organisation4 ,we are afraid le/ any /ress laid on purely accid5tal details %\ld di/ract m5's att5tion f ! et]nal ess5ce ( ! ,gospel1 le/ any sugge/ion t ! c]ta9ty ( ,*ri/ian tru? is dep5d5t on ! accuracy ( ^! /ati/ics %\ld become a /umbl+-block & de/roy ! fai? ( "s4 ,conc]n+ su* matt]s !re h be5 _m fooli% que/ions ( g5ealogies1 pr(ane & va9 babbl+s1 :i* h increas$ unto m ungodl9ess4 ,q ap>t f ^!1 ev5 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t a sanctity atta*es to ! numb] sev51 b !re is no w>rant = any consid]able exp5diture ( "t & ?\ght ^u my/ical ari?metic4 ,a symbolism runs ?r\gh ! details ( ! build+1 furniture1 & ritual alike ( ! ,tab]nacle & ! ,temple1 & ?is symbolism possesses a legitimate religi\s significance2 b its exposition is n specially sugge/$ by ! book ( ,*ronicles4 ,! exposition ( su* symbolism is n always suffici5tly gov]n$ by a s5se ( proportion4 ,+5uity 9 supply+ subtle int]pretations ( m9ute details (t5 conceals ! great tru?s :i* ! symbols are really int5d$ to en=ce4 ,moreov]1 ! sacr$ writ]s did n give /ati/ics m]ely to furni% mat]ials = ,cabbala & ,gematria or ev5 to s]ve z !ological types & symbols4 ,sometimes _! purpose 0 m simple & practical4 ,if we knew all ! hi/ory ( ! ,tab]nacle & ,temple subscription-li/s1 we %\ld d\btless f9d t !y _h be5 us$ to /imulate g5]\s gifts t[>ds ! erection ( ! second ,temple4 ,prea*]s = build+ funds c f9d abundance ( suitable texts 9 ,exodus1 ,k+s1 & ,*ronicles4 ,b ,biblical /ati/ics are also examples 9 accuracy & ?or\ghness ( in=mation1 & recognitions ( ! m obscure & prosaic manife/ations ( ! high] life4 ,inde$1 9 ^! & o!r ways ! ,bible gives an anticipatory sanction to ! exact sci5ces4 ,! m5tion ( accuracy 9 connection ) ,*ronicles may be receiv$ by "s read]s ) a contemptu\s smile4 ,b we are indebt$ to ! *ronicl] = exact & full in=mation ab\t ! ,jews :o return$ f ,babylon2 & 9 spite ( ! extremely sev]e judgm5t pass$ ^u ,*ronicles by _m critics1 we may /ill v5ture to believe t ! *ronicl]'s /ati/ics are z accurate z 8 k & critical tra9+ r5d]$ possible4 ,he may sometimes give figures obta9$ by calculation f unc]ta9 data1 b su* a practice is q consi/5t ) hone/y & a desire to supply ! be/ available in=mation4 ,mod]n s*ol>s are q ready to pres5t u ) figures z to ! memb]%ip ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* "u ,anton9us ,pius or ,con/ant9e2 & "s ( ^! figures are n mu* m probable ?an ! mo/ d\btful 9 ,*ronicles4 ,all t is necess>y to make ! *ronicl]'s /ati/ics an example to u is t !y %\ld be ! monum5t ( a consci5ti\s attempt to tell ! tru?1 & ?is !y und\bt$ly are4 ,?is ,biblical example is ! m useful because /ati/ics are (t5 evil spok5 (1 & !y h no outw>d attractiv5ess to %ield !m f popul> prejudice4 ,we are told t 8no?+ is s false z /ati/ics10 & t 8figures w prove any?+02 & ! polemic is su/a9$ by works l ,h>d ,times & ! awful example ( ,mr4 ,gradgr9d4 ,prop]ly und]/ood1 ^! prov]bs illu/rate ! v g5]al impati5ce ( any dem& = exact ?\ght & expression4 ,if 8figures0 w prove any?+1 s w texts4 ,?\gh ?is popul> prejudice _c be altoge!r ignor$1 yet x ne$ n be tak5 too s]i\sly4 ,! opposite pr9ciple1 :5 /at$1 w at once be se5 to be a truism4 ,= x am\nts to ?is3 exact & compreh5sive k is ! basis ( a "r und]/&+ ( hi/ory1 & is a necess>y condition ( "r action4 ,?is pr9ciple is (t5 neglect$ because x is obvi\s4 ,yet1 to illu/rate x f our au?or1 a k ( ! size & plan ( ! ,temple greatly adds to ! vividness ( our pictures ( ,hebrew religion4 ,we appreh5d lat] ,jewi% life mu* m cle>ly ) ! aid ( ! /ati/ics z to ! numb]s1 families1 & settlem5ts ( ! return+ exiles2 & simil>ly ! acc\nt-books ( ! bailiff ( an ,engli% e/ate 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury are wor? sev]al hundr$ pages ( contempor>y !ology4 ,^! consid]ations may enc\rage ^? :o p]=m ! ?ankless task ( compil+ ! /ati/ics1 subscription-li/s1 & balance-%eets ( mission>y & philan?ropic societies4 ,! zeal\s & intellig5t hi/orian ( ,*ri/ian life & s]vice w ne$ ^! dry records to enable him to und]/& 8 subject1 & ! highe/ lit]>y gifts may be employ$ 9 ! eloqu5t exposition ( ^! app>5tly un9t]e/+ facts & figures4 ,moreov]1 ^u ! accuracy ( ^! records dep5ds ! possibility ( det]m9+ a true c\rse = ! future4 ,nei!r societies nor individuals1 = in/ance1 c af=d to live beyond _! income )\t kn[+ x4 ,/ati/ics1 too1 are ! only =m 9 :i* _m acts ( s]vice c be recognis$ & record$4 ,lit]ature c only deal ) typical in/ances1 & naturally x selects ! m dramatic4 ,! mission>y report c only tell ! /ory ( a few /rik+ conv]sions2 x may give ! hi/ory ( ! exceptional self-d5ial involv$ 9 "o or two ( its subscriptions2 = ! re/ we mu/ be cont5t ) tables & subscription-li/s4 ,b ^! dry /ati/ics repres5t an inf9itude ( pati5ce & self-d5ial1 ( "w & pray]1 ( ,div9e grace & bless+4 ,! city mission>y may n>rate 8 exp]i5ces ) a few inquir]s & p5it5ts1 b ! great bulk ( 8 "w c only be record$ 9 ! /atem5t ( visits paid & s]vices conduct$4 ,we are tempt$ sometimes to disp>age ^! /atem5ts1 to ask h[ _m ( ! visits & s]vices _h any result2 we are impati5t sometimes because ,*ri/ian "w is e/imat$ by any su* num]ical l9e & measure4 ,no d\bt ! me?od has _m defects1 & mu/ n be us$ too me*anically2 b we _c give x up )\t ignor+ altoge!r mu* e>ne/ & successful lab\r4 ,our *ronicl]'s int]e/ 9 /ati/ics lays heal?y emphasis on ! practical "* ( religion4 ,!re is a dang] ( id5tify+ spiritual =ce ) lit]>y & rhetorical gifts2 to recognise ! religi\s value ( /ati/ics is ! mo/ =cible prote/ aga9/ su* id5tification4 ,! p]man5t contribution ( any age to religi\s ?\ght w naturally take a lit]>y =m1 & ! high] ! lit]>y qualities ( religi\s writ+1 ! m likely x is to survive4 ,%akespe>e1 ,milton1 & ,bunyan h probably ex]cis$ a m p[]ful direct religi\s influ5ce on subsequ5t g5]ations ?an all ! !ologians ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,b ! supreme s]vice ( ! ,*ur* 9 any age is its influ5ce on its own g5]ation1 by :i* x m\lds ! g5]ation imm$iately foll[+4 ,t influ5ce c only be e/imat$ by a c>eful /udy ( all possible in=mation1 & especially ( /ati/ics4 ,we _c assign ma!matical values to spiritual effects & tabulate !m l ,bo>d ( ,trade returns2 b real spiritual movem5ts w be=e long h practical issues1 t c be he>d1 & se51 & felt1 & ev5 admit ( be+ put into tables4 8,! w9d bl[e? :]e x li/e?1 & ?\ he>e/ ! voice !re(1 b kn[e/ n :5ce x come? & :i!r x goe?07#gc72 & yet ! b\ghs & ! corn b5d be=e ! w9d1 & ! %ips are c>ri$ across ! sea to _! desir$ hav54 ,tables may be drawn up ( ! tonnage & ! rate ( sail+4 ,s is e "o t is born ( ! ,_s4 ,y _c tell :5 & h[ ,god brea!s ^u ! s\l2 b if ! ,div9e ,_s be inde$ at "w 9 any society1 !re w be few] crimes & qu>rels1 less sc&al1 & m de$s ( *>ity4 ,we may ju/ly suspect a revival :i* has no effect ^u ! /ati/ical records ( national life4 ,subscription-li/s are v imp]fect te/s ( en?usiasm1 b any widespread ,*ri/ian f]v\r w\ld be wor? little if x did n swell subscription-li/s4 ,*ronicles is n ! mo/ important witness to a sympa!tic relation%ip betwe5 ! ,bible & exact sci5ce4 ,! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis is ! classic example ( ! appropriation by an inspir$ writ] ( ! sci5tific _s & me?od4 ,"s *apt]s 9 ,job %[ a di/9ctly sci5tific int]e/ 9 natural ph5om5a4 ,moreov]1 ! direct conc]n ( ,*ronicles is 9 ! religi\s aspects ( social sci5ce4 ,& yet !re is a pati5t accumulation ( data ) no obvi\s dramatic value3 names1 dates1 numb]s1 specifications1 & ritual :i* d n improve ! lit]>y "* ( ! n>rative4 ,?is consci5ti\s record+ ( dry facts1 ?is not+ d[n ( any?+ & ev]y?+ t connects ) ! subject1 is closely ak9 to ! initial processes ( ! inductive sci5ces4 ,true1 ! *ronicl]'s int]e/s are 9 "s directions n>r[$ by p]sonal & pr(essional feel+2 b )9 ^! limits he is anxi\s to make a complete record1 :i*1 z we h se51 sometimes leads to repetition4 ,n[ inductive sci5ce is bas$ on unlimit$ /ati/ics4 ,! a/ronom] & biologi/ %>e ! *ronicl]'s appetite = ?is k9d ( m5tal food4 ,! li/s 9 ,*ronicles are few & meagre comp>$ to ! records ( ,gre5wi* ,obs]vatory or ! volumes :i* conta9 ! data ( biology or sociology2 b ! *ronicl] becomes 9 a c]ta9 s5se ! =]unn] ( ,d>w91 ,sp5c]1 & ,galton4 ,! diff]5ces are inde$ imm5se4 ,! int]val ( two ?\s& odd ye>s betwe5 ! anci5t annali/ & ! mod]n sci5ti/s has n be5 ?r[n away4 ,9 e/imat+ ! value ( evid5ce & int]pret+ its significance1 ! *ronicl] 0 a m]e *ild comp>$ ) 8 mod]n successors4 ,8 aims & int]e/s 7 entirely diff]5t f !irs4 ,b yet he 0 mov$ by a _s :i* !y may be said to inh]it4 ,8 c>eful collection ( facts1 ev5 8 t5d5cy to read ! ideas & in/itutions ( 8 own "t into anci5t hi/ory1 are indications ( a rev]5ce = ! pa/ & ( an anxiety to base ideas & action ^u a k ( t pa/4 ,?is =e%ad[s ! rev]5ce ( mod]n sci5ce = exp]i5ce1 its anxiety to base its laws & !ories ^u obs]vation ( :at has actually occurr$4 ,! pr9ciple t ! pa/ det]m9es & int]prets ! pres5t & ! future lies at ! root ( ! !ological attitude ( ! mo/ cons]vative m9ds & ! sci5tific "w ( ! mo/ advanc$ ?9k]s4 ,! cons]vative _s1 l ! *ronicl]1 is apt to suff] its inh]it$ prepossessions & p]sonal int]e/s to h9d] a true obs]vation & und]/&+ ( ! pa/4 ,b ! *ronicl]'s opportunities & exp]i5ce 7 n>r[ inde$ comp>$ ) ^? ( !ological /ud5ts to-day2 & we h e "r to lay /ress on ! progress :i* he _h a*iev$ & ! onw>d pa? t x indicat$ r ?an on ! yet m advanc$ /ages :i* /ill lay beyond 8 horizon4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,family ,traditions4 #a ,*ron4 i4 #aj1 #ai1 #df2 ii4 #c1 #g1 #cd2 iv4 #i1 #aj1 #ah1 #bb1 #bg1 #cd-dc2 v4 #aj1 #ah-bb2 vii4 #ba-bc2 viii4 #ac4 ,*ronicles is a m9iature ,old ,te/am5t1 & may h be5 meant z a h&book = ord9>y p1 :o _h no access to ! :ole libr>y ( sacr$ writ+s4 ,x conta9s no?+ correspond+ to ! books ( ,wisdom or ! apocalyptic lit]ature2 b all ! o!r types ( ,old ,te/am5t lit]ature are repres5t$4 ,!re are g5ealogies1 /ati/ics1 ritual1 hi/ory1 psalms1 & prophecies4 ,! int]e/ %[n by ,*ronicles 9 family traditions h>monises ) ! /ress laid by ! ,hebrew ,scriptures ^u family life4 ,! o!r hi/orical books are l>gely occupi$ ) ! family hi/ory ( ! ,patri>*s1 ( ,moses1 ( ,jeph?ah1 ,gideon1 ,samson1 ,saul1 & ,david4 ,! *ronicl] int]sp]ses 8 g5ealogies ) %ort anecdotes ab\t ! diff]5t families & tribes4 ,"s ( ^! are borr[$ f ! old] books2 b o!rs are peculi> to our au?or1 & 7 d\btless obta9$ by him f ! family records & traditions ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,! /atem5ts t 8,nimrod began to be mighty ^u ! e>?07#gd72 t 8! "n ( "o0 ( ,eb]'s sons 80 ,peleg1 because 9 8 days ! e>? 0 divid$07#ge72 & t ,hadad 8smote ,moab 9 ! field ( ,midian107#gf7 are borr[$ f ,g5esis4 ,z he omits ev5ts mu* m important & m closely connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( ,israel1 & gives no acc\nt ( ,babel1 or ( ,abraham1 or ( ! conque/ ( ,canaan1 ^! little notes are probably reta9$ by accid5t1 because at times ! *ronicl] copi$ 8 au?orities some:at me*anically4 ,x 0 less tr\ble to take ! g5ealogies z !y /ood ?an to ex]cise great c>e 9 we$+ out ev]y?+ b ! b>e names4 ,9 "o in/ance17#gg7 h[ev]1 ! *ronicl] has eras$ a curi\s note to a g5ealogy 9 ,g5esis4 ,a c]ta9 ,anah is m5tion$ bo? 9 ,g5esis & ,*ronicles among ! ,horites1 :o inhabit$ ,m\nt ,seir be=e x 0 conqu]$ by ,edom4 ,mo/ ( u1 9 read+ ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion1 h wond]$ :at hi/orical or religi\s int]e/ secur$ a p]man5t record = ! fact t 8,anah f\nd ! mules 9 ! wild]ness1 z he f$ ! asses ( ,zibeon 8 fa!r40 ,a possible solution seem$ to be t ?is note 0 pres]v$ z ! e>lie/ ref]5ce to ! exi/5ce ( mules1 :i* animals play$ an important "p 9 ! social life ( ,pale/9e2 b ! ,revis$ ,v]sion sets aside ?is explanation by sub/itut+ 8hot spr+s0 = 8mules10 z ^! hot spr+s are only m5tion$ "h1 ! passage becomes a great] puzzle ?an ev]4 ,! *ronicl] c\ld h>dly ov]look ?is curi\s piece ( in=mation1 b he naturally felt t ?is obscure ar*ological note ab\t ! aborig9al ,horites did n fall )9 ! scope ( 8 "w4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! tragic fates ( ,er & ,a*>7#gh7 _h a direct g5ealogical significance4 ,!y are ref]r$ to 9 ord] to expla9 :y ! li/s conta9 no desc5dants ( ^! memb]s ( ! tribe ( ,judah4 ,! notes to ^! names illu/rate ! m depress+ aspects ( hi/ory4 ,! m5 :o liv$ happy1 hon\rable lives c be m5tion$ "o aft] ano!r )\t any comm5t2 b ev5 ! compil] ( p$igrees pauses to note ! crimes & mis=tunes t broke ! natural ord] ( life4 ,! annals ( old families dwell ) melan*oly pride on murd]s1 & fatal duels1 & suicides4 ,hi/ory1 l an anci5t mansion1 is haunt$ ) unhappy gho/s4 ,yet our int]e/ 9 trag$y is a te/imony to ! bless$ness ( life2 com=t & enjoym5t are too monoton\sly common to be wor? record+1 b we are attract$ & excit$ by exceptional in/ances ( suff]+ & s94 ,let u turn to ! episodes ( family life only f\nd 9 ,*ronicles4 ,!y may mo/ly be arrang$ 9 little gr\ps ( two or ?ree1 & "s ( ! gr\ps pres5t u ) an int]e/+ contra/4 ,we le>n f ii4 #cd-da & iv4 #ah t two ,jewi% families trac$ _! desc5t f ,egyptian ance/ors4 ,%e%an1 accord+ to ,*ronicles1 0 eigh? 9 desc5t f ,judah & fif? f ,j]ahmeel1 ! bro!r ( ,caleb4 ,hav+ daught]s b no son1 he gave "o ( 8 daught]s 9 m>riage to an ,egyptian slave nam$ ,j>ha4 ,! desc5dants ( ?is union are trac$ = ?irte5 g5]ations4 ,g5ealogies1 h[ev]1 are n always complete2 & our o!r data d n suffice to det]m9e ev5 approximately ! date ( ?is m>riage4 ,b ! five g5]ations betwe5 ,j]ahmeel & ,%e%an indicate a p]iod long aft] ! ,exodus2 & z ,egypt plays no record$ "p 9 ! hi/ory ( ,israel betwe5 ! ,exodus & ! reign ( ,solomon1 ! m>riage may h tak5 place "u ! mon>*y4 ,! /ory is a curi\s p>allel to t ( ,joseph1 ) ! p>ts ( ,israelite & ,egyptian rev]s$4 ,god is no respect] ( p]sons2 x is n only :5 ! desolate & afflict$ 9 /range l&s belong to ! *os5 p t ,jehovah relieves & deliv]s !m4 ,x is true ( ! ,egyptian1 z well z ( ! ,israelite1 t 8! ,"l make? poor & make? ri*40 8,he br+e? l[1 ,he also lifte? up2 ,he raise? up ! poor out ( ! du/3 ,he lifte? up ! ne$y f ! dunghill1 ,to make !m sit ) pr9ces ,& inh]it ! ?rone ( glory407#gi7 ,?is song might h be5 sung at ,j>ha's w$d+ z well z at ,joseph's4 ,bo? ^! m>riages ?r[ a sidelight ^u ! "* ( ,ea/]n slav]y4 ,!y %[ h[ %>ply & deeply x 0 divid$ f ! hopeless degradation ( negro slav]y 9 ,am]ica4 ,israelites did n recognise di/9ctions ( race & col\r betwe5 !mselves & _! bondsm5 s z to treat !m z worse ?an p>iahs & reg>d !m ) physical loa?+4 ,an ,am]ican consid]s himself disgrac$ by a slight ta9t ( negro blood 9 8 ance/ry1 b a noble ,jewi% family 0 pr\d to trace its desc5t f an ,egyptian slave4 ,! o!r /ory is some:at diff]5t1 & re/s ^u an obscure & corrupt passage 9 iv4 #ah4 ,! confusion makes x impossible to arrive at any date1 ev5 by r\gh approximation4 ,! g5ealogical relations ( ! actors are by no means c]ta91 b "s int]e/+ po9ts are tol]ably cle>4 ,"s "t aft] ! conque/ ( ,canaan1 a desc5dant ( ,caleb m>ri$ two wives1 "o a ,jewess1 ! o!r an ,egyptian4 ,! ,egyptian 0 ,bi?iah1 a daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 i4e41 ( ! contempor>y k+ ( ,egypt4 ,x appe>s probable t ! inhabitants ( ,e%temoa trac$ _! desc5t to ?is ,egyptian pr9cess1 :ile ^? ( ,g$or1 ,soco1 & ,zanoah claim$ ,m]$ z _! ance/or by 8 ,jewi% wife47#hj7 ,"h aga9 we h ! b>e outl9e ( a romance1 :i* ! imag9ation is at lib]ty to fill 94 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ,bi?iah may h be5 ! victim ( "s ,jewi% raid into ,egypt1 b surely a k+ ( ,egypt w\ld h ei!r ransom$ 8 daught] or recov]$ h] by =ce ( arms4 ,! /ory r sugge/s t ! *iefs ( ! clans ( ,judah 7 semi-indep5d5t & possess$ ( consid]able weal? & p[]1 s t ! royal family ( ,egypt c\ld int]m>ry ) !m1 z ) reign+ sov]eigns4 ,b if s1 ! pride ( ,egypt mu/ h be5 greatly brok5 s9ce ! "t :5 ! ,ph>aohs haughtily refus$ to give _! daught]s 9 m>riage to ! k+s ( ,babylon4 ,bo? ,egyptian alliances occur among ! ,k5izzites1 ! desc5dants ( ! bro!rs ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel4 ,9 "o case a ,jewess m>ries an ,egyptian slave2 9 ! o!r a ,jew m>ries an ,egyptian pr9cess4 ,d\btless ^! m>riages did n /& alone1 & !re 7 o!rs ) =eign]s ( v>y+ social rank4 ,! /ories %[ t ev5 aft] ! ,captivity ! tradition surviv$ t ! clans 9 ! s\? ( ,judah _h be5 closely connect$ ) ,egypt1 & t ,solomon 0 n ! only memb] ( ! tribe :o _h tak5 an ,egyptian wife4 ,n[ int]m>riage ) =eign]s is p>tly =bidd5 by ! ,p5tateu*2 & ! prohibition 0 ext5d$ & /]nly en=c$ by ,ezra & ,nehemiah47#ha7 ,9 ! "t ( ! *ronicl] !re 0 a gr[+ feel+ aga9/ su* m>riages4 ,h5ce ! traditions we are discuss+ _c h orig9at$ aft] ! ,return1 b mu/ be at any rate e>li] ?an ! publication ( ,deut]onomy "u ,josiah4 ,su* m>riages ) ,egyptians mu/ h _h "s influ5ce on ! religion ( ! s\? ( ,judah1 b probably ! =eign]s usually foll[$ ! example ( ,ru?1 & adopt$ ! fai? ( ! families into :i* !y came4 ,:5 !y said1 8,?y p %all be my p10 !y did n fail to add1 8& ?y ,god %all be my ,god40 ,:5 ! ,egyptian pr9cess m>ri$ ! head ( a ,jewi% clan1 %e became "o ( ,jehovah's p2 & h] adoption into ! family ( ! ,god ( ,israel 0 symbolis$ by a new "n3 8,bi?iah10 8daught] ( ,jehovah40 ,:e!r lat] ,judaism ow$ any?+ to ,egyptian influ5ces c only be matt] ( conjecture2 at any rate1 !y did n p]v]t ! s\!rn clans f _! old fai?4 ,! ,calebites & ,j]ahmeelites 7 ! backbone ( ,judah bo? be=e & aft] ! ,captivity4 ,! rema9+ traditions relate to ! w>f>e ( ! ,israelites ) _! neighb\rs4 ,! fir/ is a col\rless rem9isc5ce1 t might h be5 record$ ( ! effectual pray] ( any pi\s ,israelite4 ,! g5ealogies ( *ap4 iv4 are int]rupt$ by a p>agraph entirely unconnect$ ) ! context4 ,! subject ( ?is fragm5t is a c]ta9 ,jabez nev] m5tion$ else:]e1 &1 s f> z any record goes1 z entirely 8)\t fa!r1 )\t "m1 )\t g5ealogy10 z ,mel*iz$ek himself4 ,z *ap4 iv4 deals ) ! families ( ,judah1 & 9 ii4 #ee !re is a t[n ,jabez also belong+ to ,judah1 we may suppose t ! *ronicl] _h reasons = assign+ ,jabez to t tribe2 b he has nei!r giv5 ^! reasons1 nor indicat$ h[ ,jabez 0 connect$ !re)4 ,! p>agraph runs z foll[s7#hb73 8,& ,jabez 0 hon\r$ above 8 bre?r51 & 8 "m call$ 8 "n ,jabez0 7,ya'b71 8say+1 ,9 pa90 7'eb7 8,i bore him4 ,& ,jabez call$ ^u ! ,god ( ,israel1 say+1-- #8,if ,?\ wilt inde$ bless me ,by enl>g+ my possessions1 ,& ,?y h& be ) me ,to provide pa/ure17#hc7 t ,i be n 9 di/ress' 7'eb74 ,& ,god br\ght ab\t :at he ask$40 ,! *ronicl] has evid5tly ins]t$ "h a brok5 & disconnect$ fragm5t f "o ( 8 s\rces2 & we are puzzl$ to und]/& :y he gives s mu*1 & no m4 ,surely n m]ely to introduce ! etymologies ( ,jabez2 or if ,jabez 7 s important t x 0 wor? :ile to int]rupt ! g5ealogies to furni% two d]ivations ( 8 "n1 :y are we n told m ab\t him8 ,:o 0 he1 :5 & :]e did he live1 & at ^: exp5se 7 8 possessions enl>g$ & pa/ure provid$ = him8 ,ev]y?+ t c\ld give col\r & int]e/ to ! n>rative is )held1 & we are m]ely told t he pray$ = e>?ly bless+ & obta9$ x4 ,! spiritual lesson is obvi\s1 b x is v frequ5tly en=c$ & illu/rat$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,:y %\ld ?is episode ab\t an utt]ly unkn[n man be ?ru/ by ma9 =ce into an unsuitable context1 if x is only "o example ( a mo/ famili> tru?8 ,x has be5 po9t$ out t ,jacob v[$ a simil> v[ & built an alt> to ,el1 ! ,god ( ,israel7#hd72 b ?is is "o ( _m co9cid5ces4 ,! p>agraph c]ta9ly tells u some?+ ab\t ! *ronicl]'s views on pray]1 b no?+ t is n m =cibly /at$ & exemplifi$ 9 _m o!r passages2 x is ma9ly int]e/+ to u because ( ! light x ?r[s on 8 me?ods ( composition4 ,else:]e he embodies portions ( well-kn[n works & app>5tly assumes t 8 read]s are suffici5tly v]s$ 9 !m to be able to und]/& ! po9t ( 8 extracts4 ,probably ,jabez 0 s famili> to ! *ronicl]'s imm$iate circle t he c take = grant$ t a few l9es w suffice to recall all ! circum/ances to a read]4 ,we h next a s]ies ( mu* m def9ite /atem5ts ab\t ,israelite pr[ess & success 9 w>s aga9/ ,moab & o!r enemies4 ,9 iv4 #ba1 #bb1 we read1 8,! sons ( ,%elah ! son ( ,judah3 ,er ! fa!r ( ,lecah1 & ,laadah ! fa!r ( ,m>e%ah1 & ! families ( ! h\se ( !m t wr\ght f9e l951 ( ! h\se ( ,a%bea2 & ,jokim1 & ! m5 ( ,cozeba1 & ,joa%1 & ,s>aph1 :o _h dom9ion 9 ,moab & return$ to ,be?lehem407#he7 ,"h aga9 ! in=mation is too vague to enable u to fix any date1 nor is x q c]ta9 :o _h dom9ion 9 ,moab4 ,! v]b 8_h dom9ion0 is plural 9 ,hebrew1 & may ref] to all or any ( ! sons ( ,%elah4 ,b1 9 spite ( unc]ta9ties1 x is int]e/+ to f9d *iefs or clans ( ,judah rul+ 9 ,moab4 ,possibly ?is immigration took place :5 ,david conqu]$ & p>tly depopulat$ ! c\ntry4 ,! m5 ( ,judah may h return$ to ,be?lehem :5 ,moab pass$ to ! nor!rn k+dom at ! disruption1 or :5 ,moab rega9$ its indep5d5ce4 ,! incid5t 9 iv4 #cd-dc diff]s f ! prec$+ 9 hav+ a def9ite date assign$ to x4 ,9 ! "t ( ,hezekiah "s ,simeonite clans _h l>gely increas$ 9 numb] & f\nd !mselves /rait5$ = room = _! flocks4 ,!y accord+ly w5t 9 se>* ( new pa/urage4 ,"o company w5t to ,g$or1 ano!r to ,m\nt ,seir4 ,! situation ( ,g$or is n cle>ly kn[n4 ,x _c be ! ,g$or ( ,jo%4 xv4 #eh1 :i* lay 9 ! he>t ( ,judah4 ,! ,,lxx4 has ,g]>1 a t[n to ! s\? ( ,gaza1 & ?is may be ! "r read+2 b :e!r we read ,g$or or ,g]>1 ! sc5e ( ! invasion w be 9 ! c\ntry s\? ( ,judah4 ,"h ! *ildr5 ( ,simeon f\nd :at !y want$1 8fat pa/ure1 & good10 & abundant1 = 8! l& 0 wide40 ,!re 0 ! additional advantage t ! inhabitants 7 h>mless & in(f5sive & fell an easy prey to _! invad]s3 8,! l& 0 quiet & peaceable1 = !y t dwelt !re a=etime 7 ( ,ham40 ,z ,ham 9 ! g5ealogies is ! fa!r ( ,ca9an1 ^! peaceable folk w\ld be ,ca9anites2 & among !m 7 a p call$ ,meunim1 probably n connect$ ) any ( ! ,maons m5tion$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 b ) "s o!r t[n or di/rict ( ! same "n4 ,s 8^! writt5 by "n came 9 ! days ( ,hezekiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 & smote _! t5ts1 & ! ,meunim t 7 f\nd !re1 & devot$ !m to de/ruction z accurs$1 s t none are left unto ?is day4 ,& ! ,simeonites dwelt 9 _! /ead407#hf7 ,!n foll[s 9 ! simple/ & mo/ unconsci\s way ! only ju/ification t is (f]$ = ! behavi\r ( ! invad]s3 8because !re 0 pa/ure !re = _! flocks40 ,! n>rative takes = grant$-- 8,! good old rule1 ! simple plan1 ,t !y %\ld take :o h ! p[]1 ,& !y %\ld keep :o c40 ,! exp$ition to ,m\nt ,seir appe>s to h be5 a sequel to ! attack on ,g$or4 ,five hundr$ ( ! victors emigrat$ into ,edom1 & smote ! remnant ( ! ,amalekites :o _h surviv$ ! massacre "u ,saul7#hg72 8& !y also dwelt !re unto ?is day40 ,9 sub/ance1 /yle1 & ideas ?is passage closely resembles ! books ( ,jo%ua & ,judges1 :]e ! phrase 8unto ?is day0 frequ5tly occurs4 ,"h1 ( c\rse1 ! 8day0 9 "q is ! "t ( ! *ronicl]'s au?ority4 ,:5 ,*ronicles 0 writt5 ! ,simeonites 9 ,g$or & ,m\nt ,seir _h long ago %>$ ! fate ( _! victims4 ,! conque/ ( ,g$or rem9ds u h[ 9 ! e>ly days ( ! ,israelite occupation ( ,pale/9e 8,judah w5t ) ,simeon 8 bro!r into ! same s\!rn l&s10 & !y smote ! ,canaanites t inhabit$ ,zepha?1 & devot$ !m to de/ruction z accurs$7#hh72 & h[ ! h\se ( ,joseph took ,be!l by trea*]y47#hi7 ,b ! close/ p>allel is ! ,danite conque/ ( ,lai%47#ij7 ,! ,danite spies said t ! p ( ,lai% 8dwelt 9 security1 aft] ! mann] ( ! ,zidonians1 quiet & secure10 h>mless & in(f5sive1 l ! ,g$orites4 ,nor 7 !y likely to receive succ\r f ! p[]ful city ( ,zidon or f o!r allies1 = 8!y 7 f> f ! ,zidonians1 & _h no deal+s ) any man40 ,accord+ly1 hav+ obs]v$ ! prosp]\s b def5celess position ( ?is peaceable p1 !y return$ & report$ to _! bre?r51 8,arise1 & let u g up aga9/ !m1 = we h se5 ! l&1 &1 behold1 x is v good2 & are ye /ill8 ,be n slo?ful to g & to ent] 9 to possess ! l&4 ,:5 ye g1 ye %all come unto a p secure1 & ! l&10 l t ( ,g$or1 8is l>ge1 = ,god ha? giv5 x into y\r h&1 a place :]e !re is no want ( any?+ t is 9 ! e>?40 ,! moral ( ^! incid5ts is obvi\s4 ,:5 a prosp]\s p is peaceable & def5celess1 x is a cle> sign t ,god has deliv]$ !m into ! h& ( any w>like & ent]pris+ nation t kn[s h[ to use its opportunities4 ,! *ronicl]1 h[ev]1 is n responsible = ?is morality1 b he does n feel compell$ to make any prote/ aga9/ ! e?ical views ( 8 s\rce4 ,!re is a refre%+ frankness ab\t ^! anci5t n>ratives4 ,! wolf dev\rs ! lamb )\t inv5t+ any flimsy pretext ab\t tr\bl$ wat]s4 ,b 9 criticis+ ^! ,hebrew clans :o liv$ 9 ! dawn ( hi/ory & religion we condemn ourselves4 ,if we make adequate all[ance = ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/1 & ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & c5turies ( ,*ri/ian tea*+1 ,simeon & ,dan d n comp>e unfav\rably ) mod]n nations4 ,z we review ! w>s ( ,*ri/5dom1 we %all (t5 be puzzl$ to f9d any gr\nd = ! outbreak ( ho/ilities o!r ?an ! def5celessness ( ! weak] combatant4 ,! ,spani% conque/ ( ,am]ica & ! ,engli% conque/ ( ,india af=d examples ( ! treatm5t ( weak] races :i* fairly rank ) ^? ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,ev5 to-day ! indep5d5ce ( ! small] ,european /ates is ma9ly gu>ante$ by ! jeal\sies ( ! ,great ,p[]s4 ,/ill !re has be5 progress 9 int]national morality2 we h got at la/ to ! /age ( sop's fable4 ,public op9ion condemns wanton aggression aga9/ a weak /ate2 & ! /rong] p[] employs ! res\rces ( civilis$ diplomacy 9 %[+ t n only ! abs5t1 b also ! helpless1 are always wrong4 ,!re has also be5 a sub/antial advance 9 humanity t[>ds conqu]$ peoples4 ,*ri/ian w>f>e ev5 s9ce ! ,middle ,ages has be5 /a9$ ) ! horrors ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w> & _m o!r b>b>ities2 ! treatm5t ( ! ,am]ican ,indians by settl]s has (t5 be5 cruel & unju/2 b no civilis$ nation w\ld n[ sy/ematically massacre m51 wom51 & *ildr5 9 cold blood4 ,we are ?ankful = any progress t[>ds bett] ?+s1 b we _c feel t m5 h yet realis$ t ,*ri/ has a message = nations z well z = individuals4 ,z ,8 disciples we c only pray m e>ne/ly t ! k+doms ( ! e>? may 9 de$ & tru? become ! k+doms ( our ,"l & ( ,8 ,*ri/4 ,! next incid5t is m hon\rable to ! ,israelites4 8,! sons ( ,reub51 & ! ,gadites1 & ! half-tribe ( ,manasseh0 did n m]ely surprise & slaught] quiet & peaceable p3 !y conqu]$ =midable enemies 9 fair fight47#ia7 ,!re are two sep>ate acc\nts ( a w> ) ! ,hagrites1 "o app5d$ to ! g5ealogy ( ,reub5 & "o to t ( ,gad4 ,! =m] is v brief & g5]al1 compris+ no?+ b a b>e /atem5t t !re 0 a successful w> & a consequ5t appropriation ( t]ritory4 ,probably ! two p>agraphs are diff]5t =ms ( ! same n>rative1 d]iv$ by ! *ronicl] f indep5d5t s\rces4 ,we may !re=e conf9e our att5tion to ! m detail$ acc\nt4 ,"h1 z else:]e1 ^! ,transjordanic tribes are spok5 ( z 8valiant7#ib7 m510 8m5 able to be> buckl] & sword & to %oot ) ! b[1 & skilful 9 w>40 ,_! numb]s 7 consid]able4 ,:ile five hundr$ ,simeonites 7 en\gh to de/roy ! ,amalekites on ,m\nt ,seir1 ^! ea/]n tribes mu/]$ 8=ty & f\r ?\s& sev5 hundr$ & ?reescore t 7 able to g =? to w>40 ,_! enemies 7 n 8quiet & peaceable p10 b ! wild ,b$\9 ( ! des]t1 8! ,hagrites1 ) ,jetur & ,naphi% & ,nodab40 ,nodab is m5tion$ only "h2 ,jetur & ,naphi% occur toge!r 9 ! li/s ( ! sons ( ,i%mael47#ic7 ,itura probably d]iv$ its "n f ! tribe ( ,jetur4 ,! ,hagrites or ,hag>5es 7 ,arabs closely connect$ ) ! ,i%maelites1 & !y seem to h tak5 _! "n f ,hag>4 ,9 ,psalm lxxxiii4 #f-h we f9d a simil> conf$]acy on a l>g] scale3-- 8,! t5ts ( ,edom & ! ,i%maelites1 ,moab & ! ,hag>5es ,gebal & ,ammon & ,amalek1 ,phili/ia ) ! inhabitants ( ,tyre1 ,assyria also is jo9$ ) !m2 ,!y h holp5 ! *ildr5 ( ,lot40 ,!re c\ld be no "q ( unprovok$ aggression aga9/ ^! *ildr5 ( ,i%mael1 t 8wild ass ( a man1 ^: h& 0 aga9/ e man1 & e man's h& aga9/ him407#id7 ,! n>rative implies t ! ,israelites 7 ! aggressors1 b to attack ! robb] tribes ( ! des]t w\ld be z mu* an act ( self-def5ce z to de/roy a hornet's ne/4 ,we may be q sure t :5 ,reub5 & ,gad m>*$ ea/w>d !y _h heavy losses to retrieve & bitt] wrongs to av5ge4 ,we might f9d a p>allel 9 ! campaigns by :i* robb] tribes are puni%$ = _! raids )9 our ,indian fronti]1 only we mu/ rememb] t ,reub5 & ,gad 7 n v mu* m law-abid+ or unselfi% ?an _! ,arab neighb\rs4 ,!y 7 n engag$ 9 ma9ta9+ a pax ,britannica = ! b5efit ( subject nations2 !y 7 c>ry+ on a /ruggle = exi/5ce ) p]si/5t & rel5tless foes4 ,ano!r p>tial p>allel w\ld be ! bord] feuds on ! ,nor?umbrian m>*es1 :5-- 8444 ov] bord]1 dale1 & fell ,full wide & f> 0 t]ror spread2 ,= pa?less m>% & m\nta9 cell ,! peasant left 8 l[ly %$3 ,! fright5$ flocks & h]ds 7 p5t ,b5ea? ! peel's rude battlem5t1 ,& maids & matrons dropp$ ! te> ,:ile ready w>riors seiz$ ! spe>2 444 ! wat*man's eye ,dun wrea?s ( di/ant smoke c spy407#ie7 ,b ! ,israelite exp$ition 0 on a l>g] scale ?an any 8w>d5 raid10 & ,ea/]n passions are fi]c] & %rill] ?an ^? sung by ! ,la/ ,m9/rel3 ! maids & matrons ( ! des]t w\ld %riek & wail in/ead ( 8dropp+ a te>40 ,9 ?is great raid ( anci5t times 8! w> 0 ( ,god10 n1 z at ,lai%1 because ,god f\nd = !m helpless & easy victims1 b because ,he help$ !m 9 a desp]ate /ruggle4 ,:5 ! fi]ce ,israelite & ,arab bord]]s jo9$ battle1 ! issue 0 at fir/ d\btful2 & !n 8!y cri$ to ,god1 & ,he 0 entreat$ ( !m1 because !y put _! tru/ 9 ,him10 8& !y 7 help$ aga9/0 _! enemies2 8& ! ,hagrites 7 deliv]$ into _! h&1 & all t 7 ) !m1 & !re fell _m sla91 because ! w> 0 ( ,god02 8& !y took away _! cattle3 ( _! camels fifty ?\s&1 & ( %eep two hundr$ & fifty ?\s&1 & ( asses two ?\s&1 & ( slaves a hundr$ ?\s&40 8,& !y dwelt 9 _! /ead until ! captivity40 ,?is 8captivity0 is ! subject ( ano!r %ort note4 ,! *ronicl] app>5tly 0 anxi\s to di/ribute 8 hi/orical n>ratives equally among ! tribes4 ,! g5ealogies ( ,reub5 & ,gad ea* conclude ) a notice ( a w>1 & a simil> acc\nt foll[s t ( ,ea/]n ,manasseh3--8,& !y trespass$ aga9/ ! ,god ( _! fa!rs1 & w5t a-:or+ aft] ! gods ( ! peoples ( ! l&1 :om ,god de/roy$ be=e !m4 ,& ! ,god ( ,israel /irr$ up ! _s ( ,pul1 k+ ( ,assyria1 & ! _s ( ,tilga?-pilnes]1 k+ ( ,assyria1 & he c>ri$ !m away1 ev5 ! ,reub5ites1 & ! ,gadites1 & ! half-tribe ( ,manasseh1 & br\ght !m unto ,halah1 & ,habor1 & ,h>a1 & to ! riv] ( ,gozan1 unto ?is day407#if7 ,& ?is w> also 0 8( ,god40 ,d\btless ! desc5dants ( ! surviv+ ,hagrites & ,i%maelites 7 among ! allies ( ! ,assyrian k+1 & saw 9 ! ru9 ( ,ea/]n ,israel a retribution = ! suff]+s ( _! own p2 b ! lat] ,jews & probably ! exiles 9 8,halah1 ,habor1 & ,h>a10 & by 8! riv] ( ,gozan10 f> away 9 ,nor?-ea/]n ,mesopotamia1 f\nd ! cause ( _! suff]+s 9 too great an intimacy ) _! hea!n neighb\rs3 !y _h gone a-:or+ aft] _! gods4 ,! la/ two incid5ts :i* we %all deal ) 9 ?is *apt] s]ve to illu/rate afre% ! r\gh-&-ready me?ods by :i* ! *ronicl] has knott$ toge!r ?reads ( het]og5e\s tradition into "o tangl$ ske94 ,we %all see fur!r h[ ready anci5t writ]s 7 to repres5t a tribe by ! ance/or f :om x trac$ its desc5t4 ,we read 9 vii4 #bj1 #ba1 8,! sons ( ,ephraim3 ,%u!lah1 & ,b]$ 8 son1 & ,taha? 8 son1 & ,eleadah 8 son1 & ,zabad 8 son1 & ,%u!lah 8 son1 & ,ez] & ,elead1 :om ! m5 ( ,ga? t 7 born 9 ! l& slew1 because !y came d[n to take away _! cattle40 ,ez] & ,elead are app>5tly bro!rs ( ! second ,%u!lah2 at any rate1 z six g5]ations are m5tion$ betwe5 !m & ,ephraim1 !y w\ld seem to h liv$ long aft] ! ,patri>*4 ,moreov]1 !y came d[n to ,ga?1 s t !y mu/ h liv$ 9 "s hill-c\ntry n f> (f1 presumably ! hill-c\ntry ( ,ephraim4 ,b 9 ! next two v]ses 7#bb & #bc7 we read1 8,& ,ephraim _! fa!r m\rn$ _m days1 & 8 bre?r5 came to com=t him4 ,& he w5t 9 to 8 wife1 & %e conceiv$1 & b>e a son2 & he call$ 8 "n ,b]iah1 because x w5t evil ) 8 h\se40 ,tak+ ^! words lit]ally1 ,ez] & ,elead 7 ! actual sons ( ,ephraim2 & z ,ephraim & 8 family 7 born 9 ,egypt & liv$ !re all _! days1 ^! patri>*al cattle-lift]s did n come d[n f any neighb\r+ highl&s1 b mu/ h come up f ,egypt1 all ! way f ! l& ( ,go%51 across ! des]t & pa/ sev]al ,phili/9e & ,canaanite t[ns4 ,?is lit]al s5se is simply impossible4 ,! au?or f :om ! *ronicl] borr[$ ?is n>rative is cle>ly us+ a natural & beautiful figure to describe ! di/ress 9 ! tribe ( ,ephraim :5 two ( its clans 7 cut (f1 & ! fact t a new clan nam$ ,b]iah 0 =m$ to take _! place4 ,possibly we are n )\t in=mation z to h[ ?is new clan arose4 ,9 viii4 #ac we read ( two ,b5jamites1 8,b]iah & ,%ema1 :o 7 heads ( fa!rs' h\ses ( ! inhabitants ( ,aijalon1 :o put to flight ! inhabitants ( ,ga?40 ,b]iah & ,%ema probably1 com+ to ! aid ( ,ephraim1 av5g$ ! defeat ( ,ez] & ,elead2 & 9 return receiv$ ! possessions ( ! clans1 :o _h be5 cut (f1 & ,b]iah 0 ?us reckon$ among ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim47#ig7 ,! language ( v]4 #bb is v simil> to t ( ,g54 xxxvii4 #cd1 #ce3 8,& ,jacob m\rn$ = 8 son _m days4 ,& all 8 sons & all 8 daught]s rose up to com=t him02 & ! p]sonification ( ! tribe "u ! "n ( its ance/or may be p>allel$ f ,judges xxi4 #f3 8,& ! *ildr5 ( ,israel rep5t$ !m = ,b5jam9 _! bro!r40 ,let u n[ recon/ruct ! /ory & consid] its significance4 ,two ,ephraimite clans1 ,ez] & ,elead1 set out to drive ! cattle 8( ! m5 ( ,ga?1 :o 7 born 9 ! l&10 i4e41 ( ! aborig9al ,avvites1 :o _h be5 dispossess$ by ! ,phili/9es1 b /ill reta9$ "s ( ! pa/ure-l&s4 ,fall+ into an ambu% or tak5 by surprise :5 encumb]$ ) _! plund]1 ! ,ephraimites 7 cut (f1 & ne>ly all ! fight+ m5 ( ! clans p]i%$4 ,! ,avvites1 re9=c$ by ! ,phili/9es ( ,ga?1 press$ _! advantage1 & invad$ ! t]ritory ( ,ephraim1 ^: bord] di/ricts1 /ripp$ ( _! def5d]s1 lay at ! m]cy ( ! conqu]ors4 ,f ?is dang] !y 7 rescu$ by ! ,b5jamite clans ,%ema & ,b]iah1 !n occupy+ ,aijalon7#ih72 & ! m5 ( ,ga? 9 _! turn 7 defeat$ & driv5 back4 ,! grateful ,ephraimites invit$ _! allies to occupy ! vacant t]ritory & 9 all probability to m>ry ! wid[s & daught]s ( _! slaught]$ k9sm54 ,f t "t onw>ds ,b]iah 0 reckon$ z "o ( ! clans ( ,ephraim4 ,! acc\nt ( ?is memorable cattle =ay is a necess>y note to ! g5ealogies to expla9 ! orig9 ( an important clan & its d\ble connection ) ,ephraim & ,b5jam94 ,bo? ! *ronicl] & 8 au?ority record$ x because ( its g5ealogical significance1 n because !y 7 anxi\s to p]petuate ! memory ( ! un=tunate raid4 ,9 ! anci5t days to :i* ! episode belong$1 a fronti] cattle =ay seem$ z natural & m]itori\s an ent]prise z x did to ,william ( ,delora9e4 ,! *ronicl] does n ?9k x necess>y to signify any disapproval x is by no means c]ta9 t he did disapprove--( su* spoil+ ( ! uncircumcis$2 b ! fact t he gives ! record )\t comm5t does n %[ t he condon$ cattle-/eal+4 ,m5 to-day relate ) pride ! lawless de$s ( noble ance/ors1 b !y w\ld be dismay$ if _! own sons propos$ to adopt ! moral code ( m$ival b>ons or ,elizabe?an buccane]s4 ,9 review+ ! scanty religi\s ideas involv$ 9 ?is little gr\p ( family traditions1 we h to rememb] t !y belong to a p]iod ( ,israelite hi/ory mu* old] ?an t ( ! *ronicl]2 9 e/imat+ _! value1 we h to make l>ge all[ance = ! conv5tional e?ics ( ! times4 ,religion n only s]ves to raise ! /&>d ( morality1 b also to keep ! av]age man up to ! conv5tional /&>d2 x helps & enc\rages him to d :at he believes to be "r z well z gives him a bett] und]/&+ ( :at "r means4 ,primitive religion is n to be disp>ag$ because x did n at once conv]t ! r\gh ,israelite clansm5 into ,havelocks & ,gordons4 ,9 ^? e>ly days1 c\rage1 patriotism1 & loyalty to "o's tribesm5 7 ! mo/ necess>y & approv$ virtues4 ,!y 7 fo/]$ & /imulat$ by ! curr5t belief 9 a ,god ( battles1 :o gave victory to ,8 fai?ful p4 ,moreov]1 ! idea ( ,deity impli$ 9 ^! traditions1 ?\gh inadequate1 is by no means unwor?y4 ,god is b5evol5t2 ,he enri*es & succ\rs ,8 p2 ,he answ]s pray]1 giv+ to ,jabez ! l& & pa/ure = :i* he ask$4 ,he is a righte\s ,god2 ,he responds to & ju/ifies ,8 p's fai?3 8,he 0 entreat$ ( ! ,reub5ites & ,gadites because !y put _! tru/ 9 ,him40 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,he is a jeal\s ,god2 ,he puni%es ,israel :5 !y 8trespass aga9/ ! ,god ( _! fa!rs & g a-:or+ aft] ! gods ( ! peoples ( ! l&40 ,b ! feel+ "h attribut$ to ,jehovah is n m]ely "o ( p]sonal jeal\sy4 ,loyalty to ,him meant a great deal m ?an a pref]5ce = a god call$ ,jehovah ov] a god call$ ,*emo%4 ,x involv$ a special recognition ( morality & purity1 & gave a religi\s sanction to patriotism & ! s5tim5t ( national unity4 ,wor%ip ( ,moabite or ,syrian gods weak5$ a man's en?usiasm = ,israel & 8 s5se ( fell[%ip ) 8 c\ntrym51 j z allegiance to an ,italian pr9ce & prelate has seem$ to ,prote/ants to deprive ! ,romani/ ( 8 full inh]itance 9 ,engli% life & feel+4 ,he :o w5t a/ray aft] o!r gods did n m]ely indulge 8 individual ta/e 9 doctr9e & ritual3 he 0 a traitor to ! social ord]1 to ! prosp]ity & national union1 ( ,israel4 ,su* disloyalty broke up ! nation1 & s5t ,israel & ,judah into captivity piecemeal4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,! ,jewi% ,community ,9 ,! ,"t ,( ,! ,*ronicl]4 ,we h already ref]r$ to ! light ?r[n by ,*ronicles on ?is subject4 ,besides ! direct in=mation giv5 9 ,ezra & ,nehemiah1 & sometimes 9 ,*ronicles itself1 ! *ronicl] by describ+ ! pa/ 9 t]ms ( ! pres5t (t5 unconsci\sly helps u to recon/ruct ! picture ( 8 own day4 ,we %all h to make occasional ref]5ce to ! books ( ,ezra & ,nehemiah1 b ! age ( ! *ronicl] is lat] ?an ! ev5ts :i* !y describe1 & we %all be trav]s+ diff]5t gr\nd f t cov]$ by ! volume ( ! 8,expositor's ,bible0 :i* deals ) !m4 ,*ronicles is full ( evid5ce t ! civil & ecclesia/ical sy/em ( ! ,p5tateu* _h become fully e/abli%$ long be=e ! *ronicl] wrote4 ,its gradual orig9 _h be5 =gott51 & x 0 assum$ t ! ,law 9 its f9al & complete =m _h be5 kn[n & obs]v$ f ! "t ( ,david onw>ds4 ,at e /age ( ! hi/ory ,levites are introduc$1 occupy+ ! subord9ate position & dis*>g+ ! m5ial duties assign$ to !m by ! late/ docum5ts ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,9 o!r matt]s small & great1 especially ^? conc]n+ ! ,temple & its sanctity1 ! *ronicl] %[s himself s famili> ) ! ,law t he c\ld n imag9e ,israel )\t x4 ,picture ! life ( ,judah z we f9d x 9 #b ,k+s & ! prophecies ( ! eigh? c5tury1 put ?is picture side by side ) ano!r ( ! ,judaism ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & rememb] t ,*ronicles is ab\t a c5tury ne>] to ! latt] ?an to ! =m]4 ,x is n difficult to trace ! effect ( ?is absorption 9 ! sy/em ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,! community 9 & ab\t ,j]usalem _h become a ,*ur*1 & 0 9 possession ( a ,bible4 ,b ! h>d5+1 despiritualis+ processes :i* creat$ lat] ,judaism 7 already at "w4 ,a build+1 a sy/em ( ritual1 & a set ( (ficials 7 com+ to be reg>d$ z ! ess5tial elem5ts ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! ,bible 0 important p>tly because x dealt ) ^! ess5tial elem5ts1 p>tly because x provid$ a s]ies ( regulations ab\t wa%+s & meats1 & ?us enabl$ ! layman to exalt 8 ev]yday life into a r\nd ( c]emonial obs]vances4 ,! habit ( us+ ! ,p5tateu* *iefly z a h&book ( ext]nal & te*nical ritual s]i\sly influ5c$ ! curr5t int]pretation ( ! ,bible4 ,x naturally l$ to a h>d lit]alism & a dis+5u\s exegesis4 ,?is int]e/ 9 ext]nals is pat5t en\gh 9 ! *ronicl]1 & ! t5d5cies ( ,biblical exegesis are illu/rat$ by 8 use ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we mu/ all[ = great developm5t ( ?is process 9 ! int]val betwe5 ,*ronicles & ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! evils ( lat] ,judaism 7 yet f> f mature1 & religi\s life & ?\ght 9 ,pale/9e 7 /ill mu* m ela/ic ?an !y became lat] on4 ,we h also to rememb] t at ?is p]iod ! zeal\s obs]v]s ( ! ,law c only h =m$ a portion ( ! community1 correspond+ r\ghly to ! regul> att5dants at public wor%ip 9 a ,*ri/ian c\ntry4 ,beyond & b5ea? ! pi\s legali/s 7 8! p ( ! l&10 ^? :o 7 too c>eless or too busy to att5d to c]emonial2 b = bo? classes ! popul> & prom95t ideal ( religion 0 made up ( a magnific5t build+1 a dignifi$ & weal?y cl]gy1 & an elaborate ritual1 alike = great public functions & = ! m9uti ( daily life4 ,besides all ^! ! ,jewi% community _h its sacr$ writ+s4 ,z "o ( ! m9i/]s ( ! ,temple1 &1 moreov]1 bo? a /ud5t ( ! national lit]ature & himself an au?or1 ! *ronicl] repres5ts ! be/ lit]>y k ( contempor>y ,pale/9ian ,judaism2 & 8 some:at me*anical me?ods ( composition make x easy = u to disc]n 8 indebt$ness to old] writ]s4 ,we turn 8 pages ) int]e/ to le>n :at books 7 kn[n & read by ! mo/ cultur$ ,jews ( 8 "t4 ,fir/ & =emo/1 & ov]%ad[+ all ! re/1 !re appe>s ! ,p5tateu*4 ,!n !re is ! :ole array ( e>li] ,hi/orical ,books3 ,jo%ua1 ,ru?1 ,samuel1 & ,k+s4 ,! plan ( ,*ronicles excludes a direct use ( ,judges1 b x mu/ h be5 well kn[n to our au?or4 ,8 appreciation ( ! ,psalms is %[n by 8 ins]t+ 9 8 hi/ory ( ,david a c5to ( passages f ,psalms xcvi41 cv41 & cvi42 on ! o!r h&1 ,psalm xviii4 & o!r lyrics giv5 9 ! books ( ,samuel are omitt$ by ! *ronicl]4 ,! lat] ,exilic ,psalms 7 m to 8 ta/e ?an anci5t hymns1 & he unconsci\sly c>ries back into ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y ! poetry z well z ! ritual ( lat] times4 ,bo? omissions & ins]tions indicate t 9 ?is p]iod ! ,jews possess$ & priz$ a l>ge collection ( psalms4 ,!re are also traces ( ! ,prophets4 ,hanani ! se] 9 8 address to ,asa7#ii7 quotes ,ze*4 iv4 #aj3 8,! eyes ( ! ,"l1 :i* run to & fro ?r\gh ! :ole e>?40 ,jeho%aphat's exhortation to 8 p1 8,believe 9 ! ,"l y\r ,god2 s %all ye be e/abli%$107#ajj7 is bas$ on ,isa4 vii4 #i3 8,if ye w n believe1 surely ye %all n be e/abli%$40 ,hezekiah's words to ! ,levites1 8,our fa!rs 444 h turn$ away _! faces f ! habitation ( ! ,"l1 & turn$ _! backs107#aja7 are a significant v>iation ( ,j]4 ii4 #bg3 8,!y h turn$ _! back unto ,me1 & n _! face40 ,! ,temple is sub/itut$ = ,jehovah4 ,!re are ( c\rse ref]5ces to ,isaiah & ,j]emiah & traces ( o!r prophets2 b :5 acc\nt is tak5 ( !m all1 x is se5 t ! *ronicl] makes scanty use1 on ! :ole1 ( ! ,prophetical ,books4 ,x is true t ! idea ( illu/rat+ & supplem5t+ in=mation d]iv$ f annals by means ( contempor>y lit]ature n 9 n>rative =m _h n yet dawn$ ^u hi/orians2 b if ! *ronicl] _h tak5 a ti! ( ! int]e/ 9 ! ,prophets t he took 9 ! ,p5tateu* & ! ,psalms1 8 "w w\ld %[ _m m di/9ct m>ks ( _! influ5ce4 ,an apocalypse l ,daniel & works l ,job1 ,prov]bs1 & ! o!r books ( ,wisdom lay s f> outside ! plan & subject ( ,*ronicles t we c sc>cely consid] ! abs5ce ( any cle> trace ( !m a pro( t ! *ronicl] did n ei!r "k !m or c>e = !m4 ,our brief review sugge/s t ! lit]>y conc]n ( ! *ronicl] & 8 circle 0 *iefly 9 ! books mo/ closely connect$ ) ! ,temple2 viz41 ! ,hi/orical ,books1 :i* conta9$ its hi/ory1 ! ,p5tateu*1 :i* prescrib$ its ritual1 & ! ,psalms1 :i* s]v$ z its liturgy4 ,! ,prophets occupy a second>y place1 & ,*ronicles furni%es no cle> evid5ce z to o!r ,old ,te/am5t books4 ,we also f9d 9 ,*ronicles t ! ,hebrew language _h deg5]at$ f its anci5t classical purity1 & t ,jewi% writ]s _h already come v mu* "u ! influ5ce ( ,aramaic4 ,we may next consid] ! evid5ce suppli$ by ! *ronicl] z to ! elem5ts & di/ribution ( ! ,jewi% community 9 8 "t4 ,9 ,ezra & ,nehemiah we f9d ! return+ exiles divid$ into ! m5 ( ,judah1 ! m5 ( ,b5jam91 & ! prie/s1 ,levites1 etc4 ,9 ,ezra ii4 we are told t 9 all !re return$ #db1cfj1 ) #g1ccg slaves & #bjj 8s++ m5 & s++ wom540 ,! prie/s numb]$ #d1bhi2 !re 7 #gd ,levites1 #abh s+]s ( ! *ildr5 ( ,asaph1 #aci port]s1 & #cib ,ne?9im & *ildr5 ( ,solomon's s]vants4 ,! s+]s1 port]s1 ,ne?9im1 & *ildr5 ( ,solomon's s]vants are n reckon$ among ! ,levites1 & !re is only "o guild ( s+]s3 8! *ildr5 ( ,asaph40 ,! ,ne?9im are /ill di/+ui%$ f ! ,levites 9 ! li/ ( ^? :o return$ ) ,ezra1 & 9 v>i\s li/s :i* occur 9 ,nehemiah4 ,we see f ! ,levitical g5ealogies & ! ,levites 9 #a ,*ron4 vi41 ix41 etc1 t 9 ! "t ( ! *ronicl] ^! arrangem5ts _h be5 alt]$4 ,!re 7 n[ ?ree guilds ( s+]s1 trac+ _! desc5t to ,heman1 ,asaph1 & ,e?an7#ajb7 or ,j$u?un1 & reckon$ by desc5t among ! ,levites4 ,! guild ( ,heman seems to h be5 also kn[n z 8! sons ( ,korah407#ajc7 ,! port]s & probably ev5tually ! ,ne?9im 7 also reckon$ among ! ,levites47#ajd7 ,we see !re=e t 9 ! int]val betwe5 ,nehemiah & ! *ronicl] ! inf]ior ranks ( ! ,temple m9i/ry _h be5 reorganis$1 ! musical /aff _h be5 enl>g$ & d\btless o!rwise improv$1 & ! s+]s1 port]s1 ,ne?9im1 & o!r ,temple s]vants _h be5 promot$ to ! position ( ,levites4 ,"u ! mon>*y _m ( ! ,temple s]vants _h be5 slaves ( =eign bir?2 b n[ a sacr$ "* 0 giv5 to ! humble/ m5ial :o %>$ 9 ! "w ( ! h\se ( ,god4 ,9 aft]-times ,h]od ! ,great _h a numb] ( prie/s tra9$ z masons1 9 ord] t no pr(ane h& might take "p 9 ! build+ ( 8 temple4 ,"s details h be5 pres]v$ ( ! organisation ( ! ,levites4 ,we read h[ ! port]s 7 di/ribut$ among ! diff]5t gates1 & ( ,levites :o 7 ov] ! *amb]s & ! treasuries1 & ( o!r ,levites h[-- 8,!y lodg$ r\nd ab\t ! h\se ( ,god1 because ! *>ge 0 ^u !m1 & to !m p]ta9$ ! op5+ !re( morn+ by morn+4 8,& c]ta9 ( !m _h *>ge ( ! vessels ( s]vice2 = by tale 7 !y br\ght 91 & by tale 7 !y tak5 out4 8,"s ( !m also 7 appo9t$ ov] ! furniture1 & ov] all ! vessels ( ! sanctu>y1 & ov] ! f9e fl\r1 & ! w9e1 & ! oil1 & ! frank9c5se1 & ! spices4 8,& "s ( ! sons ( ! prie/s prep>$ ! confection ( ! spices4 8,& ,matti?iah1 "o ( ! ,levites :o 0 ! fir/-born ( ,%allum ! ,korahite1 _h ! set (fice ov] ! ?+s t 7 bak$ 9 pans4 8,& "s ( _! bre?r51 ( ! sons ( ! ,koha?ites1 7 ov] ! %ewbread to prep>e x e sabba?407#aje7 ,?is acc\nt is f\nd 9 a *apt] p>tly id5tical ) ,neh4 xi41 & app>5tly ref]s to ! p]iod ( ,nehemiah2 b ! picture 9 ! latt] "p ( ! *apt] 0 probably drawn by ! *ronicl] f 8 own k ( ,temple r\t9e4 ,s1 too1 9 8 graphic acc\nts ( ! sacrifices by ,hezekiah & ,josiah17#ajf7 we seem to h an eyewitness describ+ famili> sc5es4 ,d\btless ! *ronicl] himself _h (t5 be5 "o ( ! ,temple *oir 8:5 ! burnt-(f]+ began1 & ! song ( ,jehovah began also1 toge!r ) ! in/rum5ts ( ,david1 k+ ( ,israel2 & all ! congregation wor%ipp$1 & ! s+]s sang1 & ! trumpet]s s\nd$2 & all ?is cont9u$ till ! burnt-(f]+ 0 f9i%$407#ajg7 ,/ill ! scale ( ^! sacrifices1 ! hundr$s ( ox5 & ?\s&s ( %eep1 may h be5 fix$ to accord ) ! spl5d\r ( ! anci5t k+s4 ,su* pr(usion ( victims probably repres5t$ r ! dreams ?an ! realities ( ! *ronicl]'s ,temple4 ,our au?or's /rong feel+ = 8 own ,levitical ord] %[s itself 9 8 n>rative ( ,hezekiah's great sacrifices4 ,! victims 7 s num]\s t !re 7 n prie/s en\gh to flay !m2 to meet ! em]g5cy ! ,levites 7 all[$ on ?is "o occasion to dis*>ge a prie/ly function & to take an unusually conspicu\s "p 9 ! national fe/ival4 ,9 zeal !y 7 ev5 sup]ior to ! prie/s3 8,! ,levites 7 m upright 9 he>t to sanctify !mselves ?an ! prie/s40 ,possibly "h ! *ronicl] is describ+ an incid5t :i* he c\ld h p>allel$ f 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,! prie/s ( 8 "t may (t5 h yield$ to a natural temptation to %irk ! labori\s & disagreeable p>ts ( _! duty2 !y w\ld cat* at any plausible pretext to transf] _! burd5s to ! ,levites1 :i* ! latt] w\ld be eag] to accept = ! sake ( a tempor>y accession ( dignity4 ,le>n$ ,jews 7 always exp]ts 9 ! art ( evad+ ! mo/ rigid & m9ute regulations ( ! ,law4 ,= in/ance1 ! p]iod ( s]vice appo9t$ = ! ,levites 9 ! ,p5tateu* 0 f ! age ( ?irty to t ( fifty47#ajh7 ,b we ga!r f ,ezra & ,nehemiah t comp>atively few ,levites c\ld be induc$ to ?r[ 9 _! lot ) ! return+ exiles2 !re 7 n en\gh to p]=m ! necess>y duties4 ,to make up = paucity ( numb]s1 ?is p]iod ( s]vice 0 increas$2 & !y 7 requir$ to s]ve f tw5ty ye>s old & upw>d47#aji7 ,z ! =m] arrangem5t _h =m$ "p ( ! law attribut$ to ,moses1 9 c\rse ( "t ! lat] innovation 0 suppos$ to h orig9at$ ) ,david4 ,!re 71 too1 o!r reasons = increas+ ! effici5cy ( ! ,levitical ord] by l5g!n+ _! t]m ( s]vice & add+ to _! numb]s4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,p5tateu* z ! sacr$ code ( ,judaism impos$ new duties on prie/s & ,levites alike4 ,! p ne$$ tea*]s & int]pret]s ( ! num]\s m9ute & complicat$ rules by :i* !y 7 to gov]n _! daily life4 ,judges 7 ne$$ to apply ! laws 9 civil & crim9al cases4 ,! ,temple m9i/]s 7 ! natural au?orities on ! ,torah2 !y _h a *ief int]e/ 9 exp\nd+ & en=c+ x4 ,b 9 ^! matt]s also ! prie/s seem to h left ! new duties to ! ,levites4 ,app>5tly ! fir/ 8scribes10 or pr(essional /ud5ts ( ! ,law1 7 ma9ly ,levites4 ,!re 7 prie/s among !m1 notably ! great fa!r ( ! ord]1 8,ezra ! prie/ ! scribe10 b ! prie/ly families took little %>e 9 ?is new "w4 ,! orig9 ( ! educational & judicial functions ( ! ,levites _h also come to be ascrib$ to ! great k+s ( ,judah4 ,a ,levitical scribe is m5tion$ 9 ! "t ( ,david47#aaj7 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ,josiah's reign we are expressly told t 8( ! ,levites !re 7 scribes1 & (fic]s1 & port]s02 & !y are describ$ z 8! ,levites t taught all ,israel407#aaa7 ,9 ! same context we h ! traditional au?ority & ju/ification = ?is new dep>ture4 ,"o ( ! *ief duties impos$ ^u ! ,levites by ! ,law 0 ! c>e & c>riage ( ! ,tab]nacle & its furniture dur+ ! w&]+s 9 ! wild]ness4 ,josiah1 h[ev]1 bids ! ,levites 8put ! holy ark 9 ! h\se :i* ,solomon ! son ( ,david1 k+ ( ,israel1 did build2 !re %all no m be a burd5 ^u y\r %\ld]s2 n[ s]ve ! ,"l y\r ,god & ,8 p ,israel407#aab7 ,9 o!r words1 8,y are reliev$ ( a l>ge "p ( y\r old duties1 & !re=e h "t to und]take new ones40 ,! imm$iate application ( ?is pr9ciple seems to be t a section ( ! ,levites %\ld d all ! m5ial "w ( ! sacrifices1 & s leave ! prie/s1 & s+]s1 & port]s free = _! own special s]vice2 b ! same argum5t w\ld be f\nd conv5i5t & conclusive :5ev] ! prie/s desir$ to impose any new functions on ! ,levites4 ,/ill ! task ( exp\nd+ & en=c+ ! ,law br\ght ) x comp5sations 9 ! %ape ( dignity1 influ5ce1 & emolum5t2 & ! ,levites w\ld soon be reconcil$ to _! "w z scribes1 & w\ld discov] ) regret t !y c\ld n reta9 ! exposition ( ! ,law 9 _! own h&s4 ,traditions 7 *]i%$ 9 c]ta9 ,levitical families t _! ance/ors _h be5 8(fic]s & judges0 "u ,david7#aac72 & x 0 believ$ t ,jeho%aphat _h organis$ a commission l>gely compos$ ( ,levites to exp\nd & adm9i/] ! ,law 9 c\ntry di/ricts47#aad7 ,?is commission consi/$ ( five pr9ces1 n9e ,levites1 & two prie/s2 8& !y taught 9 ,judah1 hav+ ! book ( ! law ( ! ,"l ) !m2 & !y w5t ab\t ?r\gh\t all ! cities ( ,judah & taught among ! p40 ,z ! subject ( _! tea*+ 0 ! ,p5tateu*1 _! mission mu/ h be5 r judicial ?an religi\s4 ,) reg>d to a lat] passage1 x has be5 sugge/$ t 8probably x is ! organisation ( ju/ice z exi/+ 9 8 own day t he0 7! *ronicl]7 8"h c>ries back to ,jeho%aphat1 s t "h mo/ likely we h ! olde/ te/imony to ! syn$rium ( ,j]usalem z a c\rt ( highe/ in/ance ov] ! prov9cial syn$ria1 z also to its composition & presid5cy407#aae7 ,we c sc>cely d\bt t ! =m ! *ronicl] has giv5 to ! tradition is d]iv$ f ! in/itutions ( 8 own age1 & t 8 fri5ds ! ,levites 7 prom95t among ! doctors ( ! ,law1 & n only taught & judg$ 9 ,j]usalem1 b also visit$ ! c\ntry di/ricts4 ,x w appe> f ?is brief survey t ! ,levites 7 v completely organis$4 ,!re 7 n only ! great classes1 ! scribes1 (fic]s1 port]s1 s+]s1 & ! ,levites prop]1 s to speak1 :o assi/$ ! prie/s1 b special families _h be5 made responsible = details ( s]vice3 8,matti?iah _h ! set (fice ov] ! ?+s t 7 bak$ 9 pans2 & "s ( _! bre?r51 ( ! sons ( ! ,koha?ites1 7 ov] ! %ewbread1 to prep>e x e sabba?407#aaf7 ,! prie/s 7 organis$ q diff]5tly4 ,! small numb] ( ,levites necessitat$ c>eful arrangem5ts = us+ !m to ! be/ advantage2 ( prie/s !re 7 en\gh & to sp>e4 ,! f\r ?\s& two hundr$ & eighty-n9e prie/s :o return$ ) ,z]ubbabel 7 an extravagant & impossible all[ance = a s+le temple1 & we are told t ! numb]s increas$ l>gely z "t w5t on4 ,! problem 0 to devise "s means by :i* all ! prie/s %\ld h "s %>e 9 ! hon\rs & emolum5ts ( ! ,temple1 & its solution 0 f\nd 9 ! 8c\rses40 ,! prie/s :o return$ ) ,z]ubbabel are regi/]$ 9 f\r families3 8! *ildr5 ( ,j$aiah1 ( ! h\se ( ,je%ua2 444 ! *ildr5 ( ,imm]2 444 ! *ildr5 ( ,pa%hur2 444 ! *ildr5 ( ,h>im407#aag7 ,b ! organisation ( ! *ronicl]'s "t is1 z usual1 to be f\nd among ! arrangem5ts ascrib$ to ,david1 :o is said to h divid$ ! prie/s into _! tw5ty-f\r c\rses47#aah7 ,among/ ! heads ( ! c\rses we f9d ,j$aiah1 ,je%ua1 ,h>im1 & ,imm]1 b n ,pa%hur4 ,po/-,biblical au?orities m5tion tw5ty-f\r c\rses 9 connection ) ! second ,temple4 ,za*>ias1 ! fa!r ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 belong$ to ! c\rse ( ,abijah7#aai72 & ,josephus m5tions a c\rse 8,eniakim407#abj7 ,abijah 0 ! head ( "o ( ,david's c\rses2 & ,eniakim is almo/ c]ta9ly a corruption ( ,eliakim1 ( :i* "n ,jakim 9 ,*ronicles is a contraction4 ,^! tw5ty-f\r c\rses dis*>g$ ! prie/ly duties ea* 9 its turn4 ,"o 0 busy at ! temple :ile ! o!r tw5ty-?ree 7 at home1 "s p]haps liv+ on ! pr(its ( _! (fice1 o!rs at "w on _! f>ms4 ,! high-prie/1 ( c\rse1 0 always at ! ,temple2 & ! cont9uity ( ! ritual w\ld necessitate ! appo9tm5t ( o!r prie/s z a p]man5t /aff4 ,! high-prie/ & ! /aff1 be+ always on ! spot1 w\ld h great opportunities = improv+ _! own position at ! exp5se ( ! o!r memb]s ( ! c\rses1 :o 7 only !re occasionally = a %ort "t4 ,accord+ly we are told lat] on t a few families _h appropriat$ ne>ly all ! prie/ly emolum5ts4 ,c\rses ( ! ,levites are sometimes m5tion$ 9 connection ) ^? ( ! prie/s1 z if ! ,levites _h an exactly simil> organisation47#aba7 ,inde$1 tw5ty-f\r c\rses ( ! s+]s are expressly nam$47#abb7 ,b on exam9ation we f9d t 8c\rse0 = ! ,levites 9 all cases :]e exact in=mation is giv57#abc7 does n mean "o ( a numb] ( divisions :i* took "w 9 turn1 b a division to :i* a def9ite piece ( "w 0 assign$1 e4g41 ! c>e ( ! %ewbread or ( "o ( ! gates4 ,! idea t 9 anci5t times !re 7 tw5ty-f\r alt]nat+ c\rses ( ,levites 0 n d]iv$ f ! arrangem5ts ( ! *ronicl]'s age1 b 0 an inf]5ce f ! exi/5ce ( prie/ly c\rses4 ,accord+ to ! curr5t int]pretation ( ! old] hi/ory1 !re mu/ h be5 "u ! mon>*y a v great _m m ,levites ?an prie/s1 & any reasons t exi/$ = organis+ tw5ty-f\r prie/ly c\rses w\ld apply ) equal =ce to ! ,levites4 ,x is true t ! names ( tw5ty-f\r c\rses ( s+]s are giv51 b 9 ?is li/ occurs ! rem>kable & impossible gr\p ( names already discuss$3-- 8,i-h-magnifi$1 ,i-h-exalt$-help2 ,sitt+-9-di/ress1 ,i-h-spok5 ,9-abundance ,visions07#abd7 :i* are 9 !mselves suffici5t pro( t ^! tw5ty-f\r c\rses ( s+]s did n exi/ 9 ! "t ( ! *ronicl]4 ,?us ! *ronicl] provides mat]ial = a fairly complete acc\nt ( ! s]vice & m9i/]s ( ! ,temple2 b 8 int]e/ 9 o!r matt]s 0 less close & p]sonal1 s t he gives u comp>atively little in=mation ab\t civil p]sons & affairs4 ,! re/or$ ,jewi% community 01 ( c\rse1 made up ( desc5dants ( ! memb]s ( ! old k+dom ( ,judah4 ,! new ,jewi% /ate1 l ! old1 is (t5 spok5 ( z 8,judah02 b its claim to fully repres5t ! *os5 p ( ,jehovah is express$ by ! frequ5t use ( ! "n 8,israel40 ,yet )9 ?is new ,judah ! old tribes ( ,judah & ,b5jam9 are /ill recognis$4 ,x is true t 9 ! regi/] ( ! fir/ company ( return+ exiles ! tribes are ignor$1 & we are n told :i* families belong$ to ,judah or :i* to ,b5jam92 b we are previ\sly told t ! *iefs ( ,judah & ,b5jam9 rose up to return to ,j]usalem4 ,"p ( ?is regi/] arranges ! companies accord+ to ! t[ns 9 :i* _! ance/ors _h liv$ be=e ! ,captivity1 & ( ^! "s belong to ,judah & "s to ,b5jam94 ,we also le>n t ! ,jewi% community includ$ c]ta9 ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim & ,manasseh47#abe7 ,!re may also h be5 families f ! o!r tribes2 ,/4 ,luke1 = in/ance1 describes ,anna z ( ! tribe ( ,a%]47#abf7 ,b ! mass ( g5ealogical matt] relat+ to ,judah & ,b5jam9 f> exce$s :at is giv5 z to ! o!r tribes17#abg7 & proves t ,judah & ,b5jam9 7 co-ord9ate memb]s ( ! re/or$ community1 & t no o!r tribe contribut$ any appreciable cont+5t1 except a few families f ,ephraim & ,manasseh4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! *ronicl] %[s special int]e/ 9 ! tribes :i* _h occupi$ ,galilee--,a%]1 ,naphtali1 ,zebulun1 & ,issa*>--& t ?is special int]e/ indicates t ! settlem5t ( ,jews 9 ,galilee _h atta9$ consid]able dim5sions at ! "t :5 he wrote4 ,b ?is special int]e/ is n v manife/2 & lat] on1 9 ! "t ( ! ,maccabees1 ! ,jews 9 ,galilee 7 s few t ,simon took !m all away ) him1 toge!r ) _! wives & _! *ildr5 & all t !y _h1 & br\ght !m into ,juda4 ,! g5ealogies seem to imply t no desc5dants ( ! ,transjordanic tribes or ( ,simeon 7 f\nd 9 ,judah 9 ! age ( ! *ronicl]4 ,conc]n+ ! tribe ( ,judah1 we h already not$ t x includ$ two families :i* trac$ _! desc5t to ,egyptian ance/ors1 & t ! ,k5izzite clans ( ,caleb & ,j]ahmeel _h be5 entirely incorporat$ 9 ,judah & =m$ ! mo/ important "p ( ! tribe4 ,a comp>ison ( ! p>allel g5ealogies ( ! h\se ( ,caleb gives u important in=mation z to ! t]ritory occupi$ by ! ,jews4 ,9 ii4 #db-di we f9d ! ,calebites at ,hebron & o!r t[ns ( ! s\? c\ntry1 9 accordance ) ! old] hi/ory2 b 9 ii4 #ej-ee !y occupy ,be?lehem & ,kirja?-je>im & o!r t[ns 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,j]usalem4 ,! two p>agraphs are really giv+ _! t]ritory be=e & aft] ! ,exile2 dur+ ! ,captivity ,s\!rn ,judah _h be5 occupi$ by ! ,edomites4 ,x is inde$ /at$ 9 ,neh4 xi4 #be-cj t ! *ildr5 ( ,judah dwelt 9 a numb] ( t[ns scatt]$ ov] ! :ole t]ritory ( ! anci5t tribe2 b ! li/ concludes ) ! significant s5t5ce1 8,s !y encamp$ f ,be]-%eba unto ! valley ( ,h9nom40 ,we are ?us giv5 to und]/& t ! occupation 0 n p]man5t4 ,we h already not$ t mu* ( ! space allott$ to ! g5ealogies ( ,judah is devot$ to ! h\se ( ,david47#abh7 ,! =m ( ?is p$igree = ! g5]ations aft] ! ,captivity indicates t ! head ( ! h\se ( ,david 0 no long] ! *ief ( ! /ate4 ,dur+ ! mon>*y only ! k+s are giv5 z heads ( ! family 9 ea* g5]ation3 8,solomon's son 0 ,rehoboam1 ,abijah 8 son1 ,asa 8 son10 etc41 etc42 b aft] ! ,captivity ! fir/-born no long] occupi$ s unique a position4 ,we h all ! sons ( ea* successive head ( ! family4 ,! g5ealogies ( ,judah include "o or two ref]5ces :i* ?r[ a little light on ! social organisation ( ! times4 ,!re 7 8families ( scribes :i* dwelt at ,jabez07#abi7 z well z ! ,levitical scribes4 ,9 ! app5dix7#acj7 to ! g5ealogies ( *ap4 iv4 we read ( a h\se ^: families wr\ght f9e l951 & ( o!r families :o 7 port]s to ! k+ & liv$ on ! royal e/ates4 ,! imm$iate ref]5ce ( ^! /atem5ts is cle>ly to ! mon>*y1 & we are told t 8! records are anci5t02 b ^! anci5t records 7 probably obta9$ by ! *ronicl] f contempor>y memb]s ( ! families1 :o /ill pursu$ _! h]$it>y call+4 ,z reg>ds ! tribe ( ,b5jam91 we h se5 t !re 0 a family claim+ desc5t f ,saul4 ,! slight & meagre in=mation giv5 ab\t ,judah & ,b5jam9 _c accurately repres5t _! importance z comp>$ ) ! prie/s & ,levites1 b ! g5]al impression convey$ by ! *ronicl] is confirm$ by our o!r au?orities4 ,9 8 "t ! supreme int]e/s ( ! ,jews 7 religi\s4 ,! "o great in/itution 0 ! ,temple2 ! highe/ ord] 0 ! prie/hood4 ,all ,jews 7 9 a measure s]vants ( ! ,temple2 ,ephesus inde$ 0 pr\d to be call$ ! temple-keep] ( ! great ,diana1 b ,j]usalem 0 f> m truly ! temple-keep] ( ,jehovah4 ,devotion to ! ,temple gave to ! ,jews a unity :i* nei!r ( ! old] ,hebrew /ates _h ev] possess$4 ,! k]nel ( ?is lat] ,jewi% t]ritory seems to h be5 a comp>atively small di/rict ( :i* ,j]usalem 0 ! c5tre4 ,! inhabitants ( ?is di/rict c>efully pres]v$ ! records ( _! family hi/ory1 & lov$ to trace _! desc5t to ! anci5t clans ( ,judah & ,b5jam92 b = practical purposes !y 7 all ,jews1 )\t di/9ction ( tribe4 ,ev5 ! m9i/ry ( ! ,temple _h become m homog5e\s2 ! non-,levitical desc5t ( "s classes ( ! ,temple s]vants 0 fir/ ignor$ & !n =gott51 s t assi/ants at ! sacrifices1 s+]s1 musicians1 scribes1 & port]s1 7 all includ$ 9 ! tribe ( ,levi4 ,! ,temple conf]r$ its own sanctity ^u all its m9i/]s4 ,9 a previ\s *apt] ! ,temple & its m9i/ry 7 comp>$ to a m$ival mona/]y or ! e/abli%m5t ( a mod]n ca!dral4 ,9 ! same way ,j]usalem might be comp>$ to cities1 l ,ely or ,cant]bury1 :i* exi/ ma9ly = ! sake ( _! ca!drals1 only bo? ! sanctu>y & city ( ! ,jews came to be on a l>g] scale4 ,or1 aga91 if ! ,temple be repres5t$ by ! great abbey ( ,/4 ,edmundsbury1 ,bury ,/4 ,edmunds itself might /& = ,j]usalem1 & ! wide l&s ( ! abbey = ! surr\nd+ di/ricts1 f :i* ! ,jewi% prie/s d]iv$ _! free-w (f]+s1 & fir/-fruits1 & ti!s4 ,/ill 9 bo? ^! ,engli% in/ances !re 0 a vigor\s & indep5d5t secul> life f> beyond any t exi/$ 9 ,juda4 ,a clos] p>allel to ! temple on ,zion is to be f\nd 9 ! imm5se e/abli%m5ts ( ! ,egyptian temples4 ,x is true t ^! 7 num]\s 9 ,egypt1 & ! au?ority & influ5ce ( ! prie/hood 7 *eck$ & controll$ by ! p[] ( ! k+s2 yet on ! fall ( ! tw5tie? dyna/y ! high-prie/ ( ! great temple ( ,am5 at ,!bes succe$$ 9 mak+ himself k+1 & ,egypt1 l ,judah1 _h its dyna/y ( prie/-k+s4 ,! foll[+ is an acc\nt ( ! possessions ( ! ,!ban temple ( ,am51 suppos$ to be giv5 by an ,egyptian liv+ ab\t ,b4,c4 #acej7aca73-- 8,s9ce ! accession ( ! eighte5? dyna/y1 ,am5 has pr(it$ m ?an any o!r god1 p]haps ev5 m ?an ,ph>aoh himself1 by ! ,egyptian victories ov] ! peoples ( ,syria & ,e?iopia4 ,ea* success has br\ght him a consid]able %>e ( ! spoil collect$ ^u ! battle-fields1 indemnities levi$ f ! enemy1 prison]s c>ri$ into slav]y4 ,he possesses l&s & g>d5s by ! hundr$ 9 ,!bes & ! re/ ( ,egypt1 fields & mead[s1 woods1 hunt+-gr\nds1 & fi%]ies2 he has colonies 9 ,e?iopia or 9 ! oases ( ! ,libyan des]t1 & at ! extremity ( ! l& ( ,canaan !re are cities "u vassalage to him1 = ,ph>aoh all[s him to receive ! tribute f !m4 ,! adm9i/ration ( ^! va/ prop]ties requires z _m (ficials & dep>tm5ts z t ( a k+dom4 ,x includes innum]able bailiffs = ! agriculture2 ov]se]s = ! cattle & p\ltry2 treasur]s ( tw5ty k9ds = ! gold1 silv]1 & copp]1 ! vases & valuable /uffs2 =em5 = ! work%ops & manufactures2 eng9e]s2 ar*itects2 boatm52 a fleet & an army :i* (t5 fight by ! side ( ,ph>aoh's fleet & army4 ,x is really a /ate )9 ! /ate40 ,_m ( ! details ( ?is picture w\ld n be true = ! temple ( ,zion2 b ! ,jews 7 ev5 m devot$ to ,jehovah ?an ! ,!bans to ,am51 & ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,jewi% temple 0 m ?an 8a /ate )9 ! /ate03 x 0 ! /ate itself4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,tea*+ ,by ,ana*ronism4 #a ,*ron4 ix4 7cf4 xv41 xvi41 xxiii4-xxvii41 etc474 8,& ,david ! k+ said1 444 ,:o !n (f]e? will+ly8444 ,& !y gave = ! s]vice ( ! h\se ( ,god 444 t5 ?\s& d>ics40--#a ,,*ron4 xxix4 #a1 #e1 #g4 ,tea*+ by ana*ronism is a v common & effective =m ( religi\s in/ruction2 & ,*ronicles1 z ! be/ ,scriptural example ( ?is me?od1 af=ds a good opportunity = its discussion & illu/ration4 ,all hi/ory is m or less guilty ( ana*ronism2 e hi/orian p]=ce imports "s ( ! ideas & circum/ances ( 8 own "t into 8 n>ratives & pictures ( ! pa/3 b we may di/+ui% ?ree degrees ( ana*ronism4 ,"s writ]s or speak]s make little or no attempt at ar*ological accuracy2 o!rs temp] ! g5]ally ana*roni/ic "* ( _! compositions by occasional ref]5ce to ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! p]iod !y are describ+2 &1 aga91 !re are a few tra9$ /ud5ts :o succe$ 9 draw+ fairly accurate & consi/5t pictures ( anci5t life & hi/ory4 ,we w briefly consid] ! la/ two classes be=e return+ to ! fir/1 9 :i* we are *iefly int]e/$4 ,accurate ar*ology is1 ( c\rse1 "p ( ! ideal ( ! sci5tific hi/orian4 ,by long & c>eful /udy ( lit]ature & monum5ts & by ! ex]cise ( a lively & well-tra9$ imag9ation1 ! /ud5t obta9s a vision ( anci5t societies4 ,n9eveh & ,babylon1 ,!bes & ,memphis1 rise f _! a%es & /& be=e him 9 all _! =m] spl5d\r2 he walks _! /reets & mixes ) ! cr[ds 9 ! m>ket-place & ! ?rong ( wor%ipp]s at ! temple1 ea* 89 8 habit z he liv$40 ,rameses & ,s5na*]ib1 ,ptolemy & ,antio*us1 all play _! prop] p>ts 9 ?is drama ( 8 fancy4 ,he c n only recall _! co/umes & features3 he c ev5 ?9k _! ?\ghts & feel _! emotions2 he actually lives 9 ! pa/4 ,9 ,m>ius ! ,epicurean1 9 ,eb]s's ,u>da1 9 ,masp]o's ,sket*es ( ,assyrian & ,egyptian ,life1 & 9 o!r m s]i\s works we h "s ( ! fruits ( ?is enlight5$ /udy ( antiquity1 & are enabl$ to see ! visions at second h& & 9 "s measure to live at once 9 ! pres5t & ! pa/1 to illu/rate & int]pret ! "o by ! o!r1 to measure progress & decay1 & to und]/& ! ,div9e mean+ ( all hi/ory4 ,our m rec5t hi/ories & works on life & mann]s & ev5 our hi/orical romances1 especially ^? ( ,walt] ,scott1 h r5d]$ a simil> s]vice to /ud5ts ( ,engli% hi/ory4 ,& yet at its v be/ su* realisation ( ! pa/ is imp]fect2 ! gaps 9 our in=mation are unconsci\sly fill$ 9 f our exp]i5ce1 & ! ideas ( ! pres5t always col\r our reproduction ( anci5t ?\ght & feel+4 ,! mo/ accurate hi/ory is only a r\gh approximation to exact tru?2 b1 l _m o!r r\gh approximations1 x is exact en\gh = _m important practical purposes4 ,b s*ol>ly famili>ity ) ! pa/ has its drawbacks4 ,! s*ol> may come to live s mu* among/ anci5t memories t he loses t\* ) 8 own pres5t4 ,he may ga9 l>ge /ores ( in=mation ab\t anci5t ,israelite life1 & yet n "k en\gh ( 8 own g5]ation to be able to make !m %>]s ( 8 k4 ,_! liv+ ne$s & circum/ances lie outside 8 practical exp]i5ce2 he _c expla9 ! pa/ to !m because he does n sympa?ise ) _! pres5t2 he _c apply its lessons to difficulties & dang]s :i* he does n und]/&4 ,nor is ! usefulness ( ! ar*ologi/ m]ely limit$ by 8 own lack ( sympa?y & exp]i5ce4 ,he may h bo?1 & yet f9d t !re are few ( 8 contempor>ies :o c foll[ him 9 8 excursions into bygone "t4 ,^! limitations & drawbacks d n s]i\sly dim9i% ! value ( ar*ology1 b !y h to be tak5 into acc\nt 9 discuss+ tea*+ by ana*ronism1 & !y h an important be>+ on ! practical application ( ar*ological k4 ,we %all return to ^! po9ts lat] on4 ,! second degree ( ana*ronism is v common4 ,we are con/antly he>+ & read+ descriptions ( ,bible sc5es & ev5ts 9 :i* ! c5turies be=e & aft] ,*ri/ are mo/ oddly bl5d$4 ,"h & !re w be a co/ume aft] an anci5t monum5t1 a ,biblical description ( ,jewi% cu/oms1 a few ,scriptural phrases2 b ^! are emb$d$ 9 p>agraphs :i* simply reproduce ! social & religi\s ideas ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,= in/ance1 9 a rec5t "w1 amid/ mu* display ( ar*ological k1 we h ! v mod]n ideas t ,joseph & ,m>y w5t up to ,be?lehem at ! c5sus1 because ,joseph & p]haps ,m>y also _h prop]ty 9 ,be?lehem1 & t :5 ,joseph di$ 8he left h] a small b indep5d5t =tune40 ,_m mod]n books might be nam$ 9 :i* ,patri>*s & ,apo/les hold ! language & express ! s5tim5ts ( ! mo/ rec5t s*ools ( devotional ,*ri/ianity2 & yet an air ( hi/orical accuracy is assum$ by occasional t\*es ( ar*ology4 ,simil>ly 9 m$ival miracle-plays *>act]s f ! ,bible appe>$ 9 ! dress ( ! p]iod1 & utt]$ a grotesque mixture ( ,scriptural phrases & v]nacul> j>gon4 ,mu* ( su* "w z ?is may = all practical purposes be class$ "u ! ?ird degree ( ana*ronism4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 ! spiritual significance ( a passage or an incid5t turns ^u a simple explanation ( "s anci5t cu/om1 s t ! ar*ological detail makes a cle> addition to its int]e/ & in/ructiv5ess4 ,b 9 o!r cases a little ar*ology is a dang]\s ?+4 ,scatt]$ fragm5ts ( le>n$ in=mation d n enable ! read] 9 any way to revive ! buri$ pa/2 !y only remove ! :ole subject fur!r f 8 int]e/ & sympa?y4 ,he is n read+ ab\t 8 own day1 nor does he und]/& t ! ev5ts & p]sonages ( ! n>rative ev] _h any?+ 9 common ) himself & 8 exp]i5ce4 ,! antique g>b1 ! /range cu/om1 ! unusual phrase1 disguise t real humanity :i* ! read] %>es ) ^! anci5t wor?ies4 ,!y are no long] m5 ( l passions ) himself1 & he f9ds nei!r w>n+ nor enc\ragem5t 9 _! /ory4 ,he is l a spectator ( a drama play$ by poor actors ) a limit$ /ock ( prop]ties4 ,! sc5]y & dresses %[ t ! play does n belong to 8 own "t1 b !y fail to sugge/ t x ev] belong$ to any p]iod4 ,he has a languid int]e/ 9 ! p]=mance z a spectacle1 b 8 feel+s are n t\*$1 & he is nev] c>ri$ away by ! act+4 ,we h laid s mu* /ress on ! drawbacks atta*+ to a little ar*ology because !y w emphasise :at we h to say ab\t ! use ( pure ana*ronism4 ,our la/ illu/ration1 h[ev]1 rem9ds u t ^! drawbacks detract b little f ! influ5ce ( e>ne/ m54 ,if ! act+ be good1 we =get ! sc5]y & co/umes2 ! g5ius ( a great prea*] m ?an atones = poor ar*ology1 because1 9 spite ( dress & cu/om1 he makes 8 he>]s feel t ! *>act]s ( ! ,bible 7 in/9ct ) ri* & passionate life4 ,we ?us arrive at our ?ird degree ( pure ana*ronism4 ,mo/ p read _! ,bible )\t any ref]5ce to ar*ology4 ,if !y dramatise ! /ories1 !y d s 9 t]ms ( _! own exp]i5ce4 ,! *>act]s are dress$ l ! m5 & wom5 !y "k3 ,naz>e? is l _! native village1 & ,j]usalem is l ! c\nty t[n2 ! conv]sations are c>ri$ on 9 ! ,engli% ( ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion4 ,?is read+ ( ,scripture is well illu/rat$ by ! description 9 a rec5t writ] ( a mod]n prophet 9 ,t5nessee7#acb73-- 8,!re 0 n\ght 9 ! sc5e to sugge/ to a m9d famili> ) ! facts an ,ori5tal l&scape--n\ght ak9 to ! hills ( ,juda4 ,x 0 ess5tially ( ! ,new ,_w1 ess5tially ( ! ,great ,smoky ,m\nta9s4 ,yet ignorance has its lic5ce4 ,x nev] occurr$ to ,teck ,jepson t 8 ,bible h]oes _h liv$ else:]e4 ,_! hi/ory _h to him an intimate p]sonal relation1 z ( ! /ory ( an ance/or1 9 ! home/ead ways & closely famili>4 ,he brood$ ^u ^! n>ratives1 in/9ct ) dramatic int]e/1 enri*$ ) poetic col\r1 & localis$ 9 8 robu/ imag9ation1 till he c\ld trace ,hag>'s wild w&]+s 9 ! fa/nesses1 c\ld %[ :]e ,jacob slept & pil$ 8 alt> ( /ones1 c\ld di/+ui% ! bu%1 ( all o!rs on ! #8bald1' t blaz$ ) fire f heav5 :5 ! angel ( ! ,"l /ood )9 x4 ,someh[1 ev5 9 _! grotesque v>iation1 !y lo/ no dignity 9 _! transmission to ! mod]n conditions ( 8 fancy4 ,did ! facts lack significance because x 0 along ! gulli$ r$ clay roads ( ,piom+o ,cove t he saw ,david1 ! smil+ /ripl+1 runn+ & hold+ high 9 8 h& ! bit ( clo? cut f ,saul's g>m5ts :ile ! k+ _h slept 9 a cave at ! base ( ,*ilh[ie ,m\nta98 ,& h[ 0 ! spl5did miracle ( translation discr$it$ because ,jepson believ$ t ! *>iot ( ! ,"l _h re/$ 9 sc>let & purple cl\ds ^u ! t[]+ summit ( ,?und]head1 t ,elijah might !nce asc5d into heav580 ,ano!r & m famili> example ( 8s+ul> alt]ations 9 date & circum/ances0 is ! v]sion 9 ,ivanhoe ( ! w> betwe5 ,b5jam9 & ! o!r tribes3-- 8,h[ long s9ce 9 ,pale/9e a deadly feud arose betwe5 ! tribe ( ,b5jam9 & ! re/ ( ! ,israeliti% nation2 & h[ !y cut to pieces well-nigh all ! *ivalry ( t tribe2 & h[ !y swore by our bless$ ,lady t !y w\ld n p]mit ^? :o rema9$ to m>ry 9 _! l9eage2 & h[ !y became griev$ = _! v[1 & s5t to consult 8 ,hol9ess ! ,pope h[ !y might be absolv$ f x2 & h[1 by ! advice ( ! ,holy ,fa!r1 ! y\? ( ! tribe ( ,b5jam9 c>ri$ (f f a sup]b t\rnam5t all ! ladies :o 7 !re pres5t1 & ?us won !m wives )\t ! cons5t ei!r ( _! brides or _! brides' families40 ,x is ne$less to say t ! *ronicl] 0 n ?us hopelessly at sea ab\t ! circum/ances ( anci5t ,hebrew hi/ory2 b he wrote 9 ! same simple1 /raight=w>d1 *ildlike _s4 ,israel _h always be5 ! ,israel ( 8 own exp]i5ce1 & x nev] occurr$ to him t its in/itutions "u ! k+s _h be5 o!r ?an ^? ) :i* he 0 famili>4 ,he _h no m hesitation 9 fill+ up ! gaps 9 ! book ( ,k+s f :at he saw r\nd ab\t him ?an a pa9t] w\ld h 9 putt+ ! :ite cl\ds & blue wat]s ( to-day into a picture ( skies & seas a ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,he attributes to ! pi\s k+s ( ,judah ! obs]vance ( ! ritual ( 8 own times4 ,_! prophets use phrases tak5 f po/-,exilic writ+s4 ,david is reg>d$ z ! au?or ( ! exi/+ ecclesia/ical sy/em 9 almo/ all matt]s t d n date back to ,moses1 & especially z ! organis] ( ! famili> music ( ! ,temple4 ,david's *ori/]s s+ ! hymns ( ! second ,temple4 ,among/ ! contributions ( 8 nobles t[>ds ! build+ ( ! ,temple1 we read ( t5 ?\s& d>ics1 ! d>ic be+ a co9 introduc$ by ! ,p]sian k+ ,d>ius4 ,b we mu/ be c>eful to recognise t ! *ronicl] writes 9 p]fect good fai?4 ,^! views ( ! mon>*y 7 common to all educat$ & ?\ghtful m5 ( 8 "t2 !y 7 embodi$ 9 curr5t tradition1 & 7 probably already to be met ) 9 writ+4 ,to *>ge him ) inv5t+ !m is absurd2 !y already exi/$1 & did n ne$ to be inv5t$4 ,he _c h col\r$ 8 n>rative 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ,temple & ! prie/hood4 ,:5 he liv$1 ^! int]e/s 7 gu>ante$ by anci5t cu/om & by ! au?oritative sanction ( ! ,p5tateu*al ,law4 ,! *ronicl] does n write ) ! /rong feel+ ( a man :o ma9ta9s a d\btful cause2 !re is no h9t ( any alt]native view :i* ne$s to be disprov$ & reject$ 9 fav\r ( 8 own4 ,he expatiates on 8 fav\rite !mes ) happy1 leisurely s]5ity1 & is evid5tly confid5t t 8 treatm5t ( !m w meet ) g5]al & cordial approval4 ,& d\btless ! au?or ( ,*ronicles 8s]v$ 8 own g5]ation by ! w ( ,god10 & s]v$ !m 9 ! way he int5d$4 ,he made ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y m real & liv+ to !m1 & enabl$ !m to und]/& bett] t ! re=m+ k+s ( ,judah 7 loyal s]vants ( ,jehovah & _h be5 us$ by ,him = ! fur!rance ( true religion4 ,! pictures drawn by ,samuel & ,k+s ( ,david & ! be/ ( 8 successors w\ld n h enabl$ ! ,jews ( 8 "t to appreciate ^! facts4 ,!y _h no idea ( any piety t 0 n express$ 9 ! curr5t obs]vances ( ! ,law1 & ,samuel & ,k+s did n ascribe su* obs]vances to ! e>li] k+s ( ,judah4 ,b ! *ronicl] & 8 au?orities 7 able to disc]n 9 ! anci5t ,scriptures ! g5u9e piety ( ,david & ,hezekiah & o!r k+s1 & drew :at seem$ to !m ! obvi\s conclusion t ^! pi\s k+s obs]v$ ! ,law4 ,!y !n proce$$ to rewrite ! hi/ory 9 ord] t ! true "* ( ! k+s & _! relation to ,jehovah might be made intelligible to ! p4 ,! only piety :i* ! *ronicl] c\ld conceive 0 comb9$ ) obs]vance ( ! ,law2 naturally !re=e x 0 only ?us t he c\ld describe piety4 ,8 "w w\ld be read ) eag] int]e/1 & w\ld play a def9ite & useful "p 9 ! religi\s education ( ! p4 ,x w\ld br+ home to !m1 z ! old] hi/ories c\ld n1 ! abid+ pres5ce ( ,jehovah ) ,israel & its lead]s4 ,*ronicles int]pret$ hi/ory to its own g5]ation by translat+ old] records into ! circum/ances & ideas ( its own "t4 ,& 9 ?is x rema9s our example4 ,*ronicles may fall v f> %ort ( ! ideal & yet be sup]ior to m accurate hi/ories :i* fail to make !mselves intelligible to _! own g5]ation4 ,! ideal hi/ory no d\bt w\ld tell ! /ory ) ar*ological precision1 & !n int]pret x by mod]n p>allels2 ! hi/orian w\ld %[ u :at we %\ld actually h se5 & he>d if we _h liv$ 9 ! p]iod he is describ+2 he w\ld also help our weak imag9ation by po9t+ u to su* mod]n ev5ts or p]sons z be/ illu/rate ^? anci5t times4 ,no d\bt ,*ronicles fails to br+ be=e our eyes an accurate vision ( ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y2 b1 z we h said1 all hi/ory fails some:at 9 ?is respect4 ,x is simply impossible to fulfil ! dem& = hi/ory t %all h ! accuracy ( an ar*itect's plans ( a h\se or an a/ronom]'s diagrams ( ! orbit ( a planet4 ,*ronicles1 h[ev]1 fails m s]i\sly ?an mo/ hi/ory1 & on ! :ole r m ?an mo/ comm5t>ies & s]mons4 ,b ?is lack ( ar*ological accuracy is f> less s]i\s ?an a failure to make x cle> t ! ev5ts ( anci5t hi/ory 7 z real & z int]e/+ z ^? ( mod]n times1 & t its p]sonages 7 actual m5 & wom51 ) a full equipm5t ( body1 m9d1 & s\l4 ,!re h be5 _m tea*]s & prea*]s1 innoc5t ( ar*ology1 :o h yet be5 able to apply ,bible n>ratives ) conv9c+ p[] to ! he>ts & consci5ces ( _! he>]s4 ,!y may h miss$ "s po9ts & misund]/ood o!rs1 b !y h br\ght out cle>ly ! ma91 practical tea*+ ( _! subject2 & we mu/ n all[ amusem5t at curi\s ana*ronisms to bl9d u to _! great gifts 9 apply+ anci5t hi/ory to mod]n circum/ances4 ,= in/ance1 ! little captive maid 9 ! /ory ( ,naaman has be5 describ$ by a local prea*] z hav+ illum9at$ texts hung up 9 h] b$room1 & 7p]ambulators n be+ !n 9 use7 z hav+ con/ruct$ a g-c>t = ! baby out ( an old tea-*e/ & f\r cotton reels4 ,we feel incl9$ to smile2 b1 aft] all1 su* a picture w\ld make *ildr5 feel t ! captive maid 0 a girl :om !y c\ld und]/& & might ev5 imitate4 ,a m correct v]sion ( ! /ory1 told ) less human int]e/1 might leave ! impression t %e 0 a m]e animat$ doll 9 a qua9t co/ume1 :o made impossibly pi\s rem>ks4 ,enlight5$ & well-in=m$ ,*ri/ian tea*]s may /ill le>n some?+ f ! example ( ! *ronicl]4 ,! uncritical "* ( 8 age af=ds no excuse to !m = %utt+ _! eyes to ! full] light :i* ,god has giv5 to _! g5]ation4 ,b we are rem9d$ t p]man5tly significant /ories h _! p>allels 9 e age4 ,!re are always prodigal sons1 & fooli% virg9s1 importunate wid[s1 & good ,sam>itans4 ,! anci5t n>ratives are int]e/+ z qua9t & picturesque /ories ( =m] times2 b x is our duty z tea*]s to discov] ! mod]n p>allels ( _! et]nal mean+3 _! lessons are (t5 be/ en=c$ by tell+ !m afre% z !y w\ld h be5 told if _! au?ors _h liv$ 9 our "t1 9 o!r words by a frank use ( ana*ronism4 ,x may be object$ t ! result 9 ! case ( ,*ronicles is n enc\rag+4 ,*ronicles is f> less int]e/+ ?an ,k+s1 & f> less useful 9 furni%+ mat]ials = ! hi/orian4 ,^! facts1 h[ev]1 are n inconsi/5t ) ! usefulness ( ! book = its own age4 ,tea*+ by ana*ronism simply seeks to r5d] a s]vice to its own g5]ation2 its purpose is didactic1 & n hi/orical4 ,h[ _m p read ! s]mons ( eighte5?-c5tury div9es8 ,b ea* g5]ation has a "r to ?is special s]vice4 ,! fir/ duty ( ! religi\s tea*] is = ! m5 & wom5 t look to him = spiritual help & guidance4 ,he may incid5tally produce lit]>y "w ( p]man5t value = po/]ity2 b a ,*ur* ^: m9i/ry sacrific$ practical usefulness 9 ! attempt to be le>n$ & lit]>y w\ld be false to its mo/ sacr$ functions4 ,! noble/ self-d5ial ( ,*ri/ian s]vice may (t5 lie 9 putt+ aside all su* ambition & devot+ ! ability :i* might h made a successful au?or to mak+ ,div9e tru? intelligible & int]e/+ to ! uncultur$ & ! unimag9ative4 ,au?ors !mselves are sometimes l$ to make a simil> sacrifice2 !y write to help ! _m to-day :5 !y might h writt5 to delight m5 ( lit]>y ta/e 9 all ages4 ,few ?+s are s ephem]al z popul> religi\s lit]ature2 x is z quickly & entirely =gott5 z la/ ye>'s sunsets3 b x is z necess>y & z useful z ! sun%9e & ! cl\ds1 :i* are be+ always sp5t & always r5ew$4 ,*ronicles is a specim5 ( ?is class ( lit]ature1 & its pres5ce 9 ! canon te/ifies to ! duty ( provid+ a special application ( ! sacr$ tru?s ( anci5t hi/ory = ea* succe$+ g5]ation4 ,,book ,,iii4 ,,messianic ,,& ,,o!r ,,types4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,tea*+ ,by ,types4 ,a m s]i\s *>ge has be5 br\ght aga9/ ,*ronicles ?an t dealt ) 9 ! la/ *apt]4 ,besides ana*ronisms1 additions1 & alt]ations1 ! *ronicl] has made omissions t give an entirely new complexion to ! hi/ory4 ,he omits1 = in/ance1 almo/ ev]y?+ t detracts f ! "* & a*ievem5ts ( ,david & ,solomon2 he almo/ entirely ignores ! reigns ( ,saul & ,i%bo%e?1 & ( all ! nor!rn k+s4 ,^! facts are obvi\s to ! mo/ casual read]1 & a mom5t's reflection %[s t ,david z we %\ld "k him if we _h only ,*ronicles is entirely diff]5t f ! hi/orical ,david ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,! latt] ,david has noble qualities1 b displays great weakness & falls into griev\s s92 ! ,david ( ,*ronicles is almo/ always an h]o & a blameless sa9t4 ,all ?is is unque/ionably true1 & yet ! purpose & _s ( ,*ronicles are hone/ & praisewor?y4 ,our judgm5t mu/ be gov]n$ by ! relation :i* ! *ronicl] int5d$ 8 "w to su/a9 t[>ds ! old] hi/ory4 ,did he hope t ,samuel & ,k+s w\ld be altoge!r sup]s$$ by ?is new v]sion ( ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y1 & s ev5tually be suppress$ & =gott58 ,!re 7 prec$5ts t might h enc\rag$ su* a hope4 ,! ,p5tateu* & ! books f ,jo%ua to ,k+s d]iv$ _! mat]ial f old] works2 b ! old] works 7 sup]s$$ by ^! books1 & entirely disappe>$4 ,! circum/ances1 h[ev]1 7 diff]5t :5 ! *ronicl] wrote3 ,samuel & ,k+s _h be5 e/abli%$ = c5turies4 ,moreov]1 ! ,jewi% community 9 ,babylon /ill ex]cis$ great influ5ce ov] ! ,pale/9ian ,jews4 ,copies ( ,samuel & ,k+s mu/ h be5 pres]v$ at ,babylon1 & _! possessors c\ld n be eag] to de/roy !m1 & !n to incur ! exp5se ( replac+ !m by copies ( a hi/ory writt5 at ,j]usalem f ! po9t ( view ( ! prie/s & ,levites4 ,we may !re=e put aside ! !ory t ,*ronicles 0 int5d$ altoge!r to sup]s$e ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,ano!r possible !ory is t ! *ronicl]1 aft] ! mann] ( m$ival hi/orians1 compos$ an ab/ract ( ! hi/ory ( ! _w f ! ,creation to ! ,captivity z an introduction to 8 acc\nt 9 ,ezra & ,nehemiah ( ! m rec5t po/-,exilic p]iod4 ,?is !ory has "s tru? 9 x1 b does n expla9 ! fact t ,*ronicles is disproportionately long if x be m]ely su* an introduction4 ,probably ! *ronicl]'s ma9 object 0 to compose a text-book1 :i* c\ld safely & usefully be plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ! common p4 ,!re 7 obvi\s objections to ! popul> use ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,9 mak+ a selection f 8 mat]ial1 ! *ronicl] _h no int5tion ( falsify+ hi/ory4 ,s*ol>s1 he knew1 w\ld be acqua9t$ ) ! old] books1 & c\ld supplem5t 8 n>rative f ! s\rces :i* he himself _h us$4 ,9 8 own "w he 0 anxi\s to conf9e himself to ! portions ( ! hi/ory :i* _h an obvi\s religi\s significance1 & c\ld readily be us$ = purposes ( edification4 ,he 0 only apply+ m ?or\ghly a pr9ciple t _h guid$ 8 pr$ecessors4 ,! ,p5tateu* itself is ! result ( a simil> selection1 only !re & 9 ! o!r e>li] hi/ories a v human int]e/ 9 dramatic n>rative has sometimes int]f]$ ) an exclusive att5tion to edification4 ,inde$1 ! pr9ciples ( selection adopt$ by ! *ronicl] are common to _m hi/orians4 ,a s*ool hi/ory does n dwell on ! dome/ic vices ( k+s or on ! private fail+s ( /atesm54 ,x requires no great /ret* ( imag9ation to conceive ( a ,royali/ hi/ory ( ,engl&1 t %\ld entirely ignore ! ,commonweal?4 ,inde$1 hi/orians ( ,*ri/ian missions sometimes %[ ab\t ! same int]e/ 9 ! "w ( o!r ,*ur*es ?an _! own t ,*ronicles takes 9 ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,! "w ( ! *ronicl] may also be comp>$ to monographs :i* conf9e !mselves to "s special aspect ( _! subject4 ,we h e reason to be ?ankful t ! ,div9e provid5ce has pres]v$ = u ! ri*] & full] n>rative ( ,samuel & ,k+s1 b we _c blame ! *ronicl] because he has obs]v$ "s ( ! ord9>y canons = ! composition ( hi/orical text-books4 ,! *ronicl]'s selective me?od1 h[ev]1 is c>ri$ s f> t ! hi/orical value ( 8 "w is s]i\sly impair$2 yet 9 ?is respect also he is kept 9 c\nt5ance by v respectable au?orities4 ,we are m conc]n$1 h[ev]1 to po9t out ! positive results ( ! me?od4 ,in/ead ( hi/orical portraits1 we are pres5t$ ) a gall]y ( ideals1 types ( "* :i* we are ask$ ei!r to admire or to condemn4 ,on ! "o h&1 we h ,david & ,solomon1 ,jeho%aphat & ,hezekiah1 & ! re/ ( ! re=m+ k+s ( ,judah2 on ! o!r h&1 !re are ,j]oboam1 & ,ahab1 & ,ahaz1 ! k+s ( ,israel1 & ! bad k+s ( ,judah4 ,all ^! are v %>ply def9$ 9 ei!r :ite or black4 ,! types ( ,*ronicles are ideals1 & n /udies ( ord9>y human "*1 ) its m+l$ motives & subtle gradations ( light & %ade4 ,! *ronicl] has no?+ 9 common ) ! au?ors ( mod]n reali/ic novels or anecdotal memoirs4 ,8 subject is n human nature z x is s mu* z human nature z x ought to be4 ,!re is obvi\sly mu* to be le>nt f su* ideal pictures1 & ?is =m ( inspir$ tea*+ is by no means ! lea/ effective2 x may be r\ghly comp>$ ) our ,"l's me?od ( tea*+ by p>ables1 )\t1 h[ev]1 at all putt+ ! two ^u ! same level4 ,be=e exam9+ ^! types 9 detail1 we may devote a little space to "s g5]al consid]ations ^u tea*+ by types4 ,= ! pres5t we w conf9e ourselves to a non-!ological s5se ( type1 us+ ! ^w to mean any individual :o is repres5tative or typical ( a class4 ,b ! *ronicl]'s individuals d n repres5t classes ( actual p]sons1 b good m5 z !y seem to _! mo/ devot$ admir]s & bad m5 z !y seem to _! wor/ enemies4 ,!y are ideal types4 ,*ronicles is n ! only lit]ature 9 :i* su* ideal types are f\nd4 ,!y occur 9 ! fun]al s]mons & obitu>y notices ( popul> fav\rites1 & 9 ! pictures :i* politicians draw 9 election spee*es ( _! oppon5ts1 only 9 ^! !re is a note ( p]sonal feel+ f :i* ! *ronicl] is free4 ,9 fact1 all biography t5ds to idealise2 human nature z x is has g5]ally to be look$ = 9 ! pages ( fiction4 ,:5 we h be5 bless$ ) a good & brave man1 we wi% to ?9k ( him at 8 be/2 we are n anxi\s to h ?ru/ ^u our notice ! weaknesses & s9s :i* he regrett$ & = ! mo/ "p controll$4 ,"s "o :o lov$ & hon\r$ him is ask$ to write ! biography1 ) a tacit und]/&+ t he is n to give u a picture ( ! real man 9 ! d%abille1 z x 71 ( 8 own inn] consci\sness4 ,he is to pa9t u a portrait ( ! man z he /rove to fa%ion himself aft] 8 own high ideal4 ,! true man1 z ,god kn[s him & z 8 fell[s %\ld rememb] him1 0 ! man 9 8 high] nature & nobl] aspirations4 ,! re/1 surely1 0 b ! vani%+ remnant ( a repudiat$ self4 ,! biograph] idealises1 because he believes t ! ideal be/ repres5ts ! real man4 ,?is is :at ! *ronicl]1 ) a l>ge fai? & lib]al *>ity1 has done = ,david & ,solomon4 ,su* an ideal picture appeals to u ) pa!tic emphasis4 ,x seems to say1 8,9 spite ( temptation1 & s91 & griev\s falls1 ?is is :at ,i ev] aim$ at & desir$ to be4 ,d n ?\ cont5t ?yself ) any l[] ideal4 ,my high] nature _h its a*ievem5ts z well z its aspirations4 ,rememb] t 9 ?y weakness ?\ maye/ also a*ieve40 8,:at ,i aspir$ to be1 ,& 0 n1 com=ts me2 ,all ,i c\ld nev] be1 ,all m5 ignor$ 9 me1 ,?is ,i 0 wor? to ,god44440 ,b we may take ^! ideals z types1 n only 9 a g5]al s5se1 b also 9 a modification ( ! dogmatic mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,we are n conc]n$ "h ) ! type z ! m]e ext]nal symbol ( tru? yet to be reveal$2 su* types are *iefly f\nd 9 ! ritual ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,! circum/ances ( a man's life may also s]ve z a type 9 ! n>r[] s5se1 b we v5ture to apply ! !ological idea ( type to ! significance ( ! high] nature 9 a good man4 ,x has be5 said 9 ref]5ce to types 9 ! !ological s5se t 8a type is nei!r a prophecy1 nor a symbol1 nor an allegory1 yet x has relations ) ea* ( ^!4 ,a prophecy is a pr$iction 9 words1 a type a pr$iction 9 ?+s4 ,a symbol is a s5su\s repres5tation ( a ?+2 a type is su* a repres5tation hav+ a di/9ctly pr$ictive aspect3 444 a type is an enact$ prophecy1 a k9d ( prophecy by action407#acc7 ,we _c1 ( c\rse1 include 9 our use ( ! t]m type 8s5su\s repres5tation0 & "s o!r ideas connect$ ) 8type0 9 a !ological s5se4 ,our type is a pr$iction 9 p]sons r ?an 9 ?+s4 ,b ! use ( ! t]m is ju/ifi$ z includ+ ! mo/ ess5tial po9t3 t 8a type is an enact$ prophecy1 a k9d ( prophecy by action40 ,^! p]sonal types are ! mo/ real & significant2 !y h no m]e arbitr>y or conv5tional relation to _! antitype4 ,! enact$ prophecy is ! beg9n+ ( its own fulfilm5t1 ! fir/-fruits ( ! great] h>ve/ t is to be4 ,! bett] mom5ts ( ! man :o is hung]+ & ?ir/+ aft] righte\sness are a type1 a promise1 & prophecy ( 8 future satisfaction4 ,!y h also a wid] & deep] mean+3 !y %[ :at is possible = humanity1 & give an assurance ( ! spiritual progress ( ! _w4 ,! elect remnant ( ,israel 7 ! type ( ! great ,*ri/ian ,*ur*2 ! spiritual aspirations & p]si/5t fai? ( a few believ]s 7 a prophecy t 8! e>? %\ld be full ( ! k ( ! ,"l1 z ! wat]s cov] ! sea40 8,! k+dom ( heav5 is l unto a gra9 ( mu/>d se$1 444 :i* is less ?an all se$s2 b :5 x is gr[n1 x is great] ?an ! h]bs1 & become? a tree40 ,:5 !re=e ! *ronicl] ignores ! evil 9 ,david & ,solomon & only records ! good1 he treats !m z types4 ,he takes :at 0 be/ 9 !m & sets x =? z a /&>d & prophecy = ! future1 a patt]n 9 ! m\nt to be realis$ h]eaft] 9 ! /ructure ( ,god's spiritual temple ^u e>?4 ,b ! ,holy ,_s guid$ ! hopes & intuitions ( ! sacr$ writ]s to a special fulfilm5t4 ,we c see t _! types h "o antitype 9 ! gr[? ( ! ,*ur* & ! progress ( mank9d2 b ! ,old ,te/am5t look$ = _! *ief fulfilm5t 9 a ,div9e ,mess5g] & ,deliv]]3 its ideals are types ( ! ,messiah4 ,! high] life ( a good man 0 a revelation ( ,god & a promise ( ,8 highe/ & be/ manife/ation 9 ,*ri/4 ,we %all endeav\r to %[ 9 subsequ5t *apt]s h[ ,*ronicles s]v$ to develop ! idea ( ! ,messiah4 ,b ! *ronicl]'s types are n all prophecies ( future progress or ,messianic glory4 ,! bright] portions ( 8 picture are ?r[n into relief by a d>k backgr\nd4 ,! good 9 ,j]oboam is z completely ignor$ z ! evil 9 ,david4 ,ap>t f any "q ( hi/orical accuracy1 ! type is un=tunately a true "o4 ,!re is a leav5 ( ! ,ph>isees & ( ,h]od1 z well z a leav5 ( ! k+dom4 ,if ! base leav5 be left to "w by itself1 x w leav5 ! :ole mass2 & 9 a f9al e/imate ( ! "* ( ^? :o d evil 8) bo? h&s e>ne/ly10 little all[ance ne$s to be made = r$eem+ features4 ,ev5 if we are /ill able to believe t !re is a se$ ( goodness 9 ?+s evil1 we are =c$ to admit t ! se$ has rema9$ dead & unf]tilis$1 has _h no gr[? & borne no fruit4 ,b probably mo/ m5 may sometimes be pr(itably admoni%$ by consid]+ ! typical s9n]--! man 9 ^: nature evil has be5 able to subdue all ?+s to itself4 ,! /range p[] ( tea*+ by types has be5 well express$ by "o :o 0 h]self a great mi/ress ( ! art3 8,ideas are (t5 poor gho/s3 our sun-fill$ eyes _c disc]n !m2 !y pass a?w>t u 9 ?9 vap\r1 & _c make !mselves felt2 !y brea! ^u u ) w>m brea?1 !y t\* u ) s(t1 responsive h&s2 !y look at u ) sad1 s9c]e eyes1 & speak to u 9 appeal+ tones2 !y are clo!d 9 a liv+ human s\l2 444 _! pres5ce is a p[]407#acd7 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,david--,i4 ,8 ,tribe ,& ,dyna/y4 ,k+ & k+dom 7 s b\nd up 9 anci5t life t an ideal = ! "o impli$ an ideal = ! o!r2 all di/9ction & glory possess$ by ei!r 0 %>$ by bo?4 ,! tribe & k+dom ( ,judah 7 exalt$ by ! fame ( ,david & ,solomon2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 a specially exalt$ position is accord$ to ,david 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t because he is ! repres5tative ( ! p ( ,jehovah4 ,david himself _h be5 ano9t$ by ,div9e comm& to be k+ ( ,israel1 & he ?us became ! f\nd] ( ! only legitimate dyna/y ( ,hebrew k+s4 ,saul & ,i%bo%e? _h no significance = ! lat] religi\s hi/ory ( ! nation4 ,app>5tly to ! *ronicl] ! hi/ory ( true religion 9 ,israel 0 a blank betwe5 ,jo%ua & ,david2 ! revival began :5 ! ,ark 0 br\ght to ,zion1 & ! fir/ /eps 7 tak5 to re> ! ,temple 9 succession to ! ,mosaic tab]nacle4 ,he !re=e omits ! hi/ory ( ! ,judges & ,saul4 ,b ! battle ( ,gilboa is giv5 to introduce ! reign ( ,david1 & incid5tal condemnation is pass$ on ,saul3 8,s ,saul di$ = 8 trespass :i* he committ$ aga9/ ! ,"l1 because ( ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 :i* he kept n1 & also = t he ask$ c\nsel ( "o t _h a famili> _s1 to inquire !reby1 & inquir$ n ( ! ,"l2 !re=e ,he slew him & turn$ ! k+dom unto ,david ! son ( ,jesse40 ,! reign ( ,saul _h be5 an unsuccessful exp]im5t2 its only real value _h be5 to prep>e ! way = ,david4 ,at ! same "t ! portrait ( ,saul is n giv5 at full l5g?1 l ^? ( ! wick$ k+s1 p>tly p]haps because ! *ronicl] _h little int]e/ = any?+ be=e ! "t ( ,david & ! ,temple1 b p>tly1 we may hope1 because ! record ( ,david's affection = ,saul kept alive a k9dly feel+ t[>ds ! f\nd] ( ! mon>*y4 ,inasmu* z ,jehovah _h 8turn$ ! k+dom unto ,david10 ! reign ( ,i%bo%e? 0 evid5tly ! intrusion ( an illegitimate pret5d]2 & ! *ronicl] treats x z su*4 ,if we _h only ,*ronicles1 we %\ld "k no?+ ab\t ! reign ( ,i%bo%e?1 & %\ld suppose t1 on ! dea? ( ,saul1 ,david succe$$ at once to an undisput$ sov]eignty ov] all ,israel4 ,! int]val ( conflict is ignor$ because1 accord+ to ! *ronicl]'s views1 ,david 01 f ! fir/1 k+ de jure ov] ! :ole nation4 ,complete sil5ce z to ,i%bo%e? 0 ! mo/ effective way ( express+ ?is fact4 ,! same s5tim5t ( h]$it>y legitimacy1 ! same =mal & exclusive recognition ( a de jure sov]eign1 has be5 %[n 9 mod]n times by titles l ,l\is ,,xviii4 & ,napoleon ,,iii4 ,= bo? s*ools ( ,legitimi/s ! abs5ce ( de facto sov]eignty did n prev5t ,l\is ,,xvii4 & ,napoleon ,,ii4 f hav+ be5 lawful rul]s ( ,france4 ,9 ,israel1 moreov]1 ! ,div9e "r ( ! "o *os5 dyna/y _h religi\s z well z political importance4 ,we h already se5 t ,israel claim$ a h]$it>y title to its special privileges2 x 0 !re=e natural t a h]$it>y qualification %\ld be ?\ght necess>y = ! k+s4 ,!y repres5t$ ! nation2 !y 7 ! ,div9ely appo9t$ gu>dians ( its religion2 !y became 9 "t ! types ( ! ,messiah1 its promis$ ,savi\r4 ,9 all ?is ,saul & ,i%bo%e? _h nei!r "p nor lot2 ! promise to ,israel _h always desc5d$ 9 a direct l9e1 & ! special promise t 0 giv5 to its k+s & ?r\gh !m to _! p began ) ,david4 ,!re 0 no ne$ to c>ry ! hi/ory fur!r back4 ,we h already notic$ t1 9 spite ( ?is g5]al attitude t[>ds ,saul1 ! g5ealogy ( "s ( 8 desc5dants is giv5 twice ov] 9 ! e>li] *apt]s4 ,no d\bt ! *ronicl] made ?is concession to gratify fri5ds or to conciliate an influ5tial family4 ,x is int]e/+ to note h[ p]sonal feel+ may int]f]e ) ! symmetrical developm5t ( a !ological !ory4 ,at ! same "t we are enabl$ to disc]n a practical reason = rigidly ignor+ ! k+%ip ( ,saul & ,i%bo%e?4 ,to h recognis$ ,saul z ! ,"l's ano9t$1 l ,david1 w\ld h complicat$ contempor>y dogmatics1 & might possibly h giv5 rise to jeal\sies betwe5 ! desc5dants ( ,saul & ^? ( ,david4 ,)9 ! n>r[ limits ( ! ,jewi% community su* qu>rels might h be5 inconv5i5t & ev5 dang]\s4 ,! reasons = d5y+ ! legitimacy ( ! nor!rn k+s 7 obvi\s & conclusive4 ,successful rebels :o _h de/roy$ ! political & religi\s unity ( ,israel c\ld n inh]it 8! sure m]cies ( ,david0 or be includ$ 9 ! cov5ant :i* secur$ ! p]man5ce ( 8 dyna/y4 ,! exclusive association ( ,messianic ideas ) a s+le family emphasises _! antiquity1 cont9uity1 & developm5t4 ,! hope ( ,israel _h its roots deep 9 ! hi/ory ( ! p2 x _h gr[n ) _! gr[? & ma9ta9$ itself ?r\gh _! *ang+ =tunes4 ,z ! hope c5tr$ 9 a s+le family1 m5 7 l$ to expect an individual p]sonal ,messiah2 !y 7 be+ prep>$ to see 9 ,*ri/ ! fulfilm5t ( all righte\sness4 ,b ! *oice ( ! h\se ( ,david involv$ ! *oice ( ! tribe ( ,judah & ! rejection ( ! k+dom ( ,sam>ia4 ,! t5 tribes1 z well z ! k+s ( ,israel1 _h cut !mselves (f bo? f ! ,temple & ! sacr$ dyna/y1 & !re=e f ! cov5ant into :i* ,jehovah _h ent]$ ) 8! man aft] 8 own he>t40 ,su* a limitation ( ! *os5 p 0 sugge/$ by _m prec$5ts4 ,*ronicles1 foll[+ ! ,p5tateu*1 tells h[ ! call came to ,abraham1 b only "s ( ! desc5dants ( "o ( 8 sons inh]it$ ! promise4 ,:y %\ld n a selection be made f among ! sons ( ,jacob8 ,b ! twelve tribes _h be5 explicitly & solemnly includ$ 9 ! unity ( ,israel1 l>gely ?r\gh ,david himself4 ,! glory ( ,david & ,solomon consi/$ 9 _! sov]eignty ov] a unit$ p4 ,! national recollection ( ?is gold5 age lov$ to dwell on ! union ( ! twelve tribes4 ,! ,p5tateu* add$ legal sanction to anci5t s5tim5t4 ,! twelve tribes 7 associat$ toge!r 9 national lyrics1 l ! 8,bless+ ( ,jacob0 & ! 8,bless+ ( ,moses40 ,! song ( ,deborah told h[ ! nor!rn tribes 8came to ! help ( ! ,"l aga9/ ! mighty40 ,x 0 simply impossible = ! *ronicl] to absolutely repudiate ! t5 tribes2 & s !y are =mally includ$ 9 ! g5ealogies ( ,israel1 & are recognis$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ,david & ,solomon4 ,!n ! recognition /ops4 ,f ! "t ( ! disruption ! nor!rn k+dom is quietly b p]si/5tly ignor$4 ,its prophets & sanctu>ies 7 z illegitimate z its k+s4 ,! great /ruggle ( ,elijah & ,eli%a = ! hon\r ( ,jehovah is omitt$1 ) all ! re/ ( _! hi/ory4 ,elijah is only m5tion$ z s5d+ a lett] to ,jehoram1 k+ ( ,judah2 ,eli%a is nev] ev5 nam$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is m ?an once impli$ t ,judah1 ) ! ,levites1 & ! remnants ( ,simeon & ,b5jam91 are ! true ,israel4 ,:5 ,rehoboam 80 /rong he =sook ! law ( ! ,"l1 & all ,israel ) him40 ,aft] ,%i%ak's invasion1 8! pr9ces ( ,israel & ! k+ humbl$ !mselves407#ace7 ,! annals ( ,manasseh1 k+ ( ,judah1 are said to be 8writt5 among ! acts ( ! k+s ( ,israel407#acf7 ,! regi/] ( ! exiles1 :o return$ ) ,z]ubbabel is head$ 8,! numb] ( ! m5 ( ! p ( ,israel407#acg7 ,! *ronicl] tacitly anticipates ! position ( ,/4 ,paul3 8,!y are n all ,israel :i* are ( ,israel02 & ! ,apo/le might h appeal$ to ,*ronicles to %[ t ! majority ( ,israel might fail to recognise & accept ! ,div9e purpose = ,israel1 & t ! true ,israel w\ld !n be f\nd 9 an elect remnant4 ,! ,jews ( ! second ,temple naturally & inevitably came to ignore ! t5 tribes & to reg>d !mselves z con/itut+ ?is true ,israel4 ,z a matt] ( hi/ory1 !re _h be5 a p]iod dur+ :i* ! prophets ( ,sam>ia 7 ( f> m importance to ! religion ( ,jehovah ?an ! temple at ,j]usalem2 b 9 ! *ronicl]'s "t ! v exi/5ce ( ! t5 tribes 0 anci5t hi/ory4 ,!n1 at any rate1 x 0 true t ,god's ,israel 0 to be f\nd 9 ! ,jewi% community1 at & ar\nd ,j]usalem4 ,!y inh]it$ ! religi\s _s ( _! fa!rs1 & receiv$ f !m ! sacr$ writ+s & traditions1 & c>ri$ on ! sacr$ ritual4 ,!y pres]v$ ! tru? & transmitt$ x f g5]ation to g5]ation1 till at la/ x 0 m]g$ 9 ! mighti] /ream ( ,*ri/ian revelation4 ,! attitude ( ! *ronicl] t[>ds ! prophets ( ! nor!rn k+dom does n 9 any way repres5t ! actual importance ( ^! prophets to ! religion ( ,israel2 b x is a v /rik+ expression ( ! fact t aft] ! ,captivity ! t5 tribes _h long ceas$ to ex]cise any influ5ce ^u ! spiritual life ( _! nation4 ,! *ronicl]'s attitude is also op5 to criticism on ano!r side4 ,he is dom9at$ by 8 own surr\nd+s1 & 9 8 ref]5ces to ! ,judaism ( 8 own "t !re is no =mal recognition ( ! ,jewi% community 9 ,babylon2 & yet ev5 8 own casual allusions confirm :at we "k f o!r s\rces1 namely t ! weal? & le>n+ ( ! ,jews 9 ,babylon 7 an important factor 9 ,judaism until a v late date4 ,?is po9t p]haps r conc]ns ,ezra & ,nehemiah ?an ,*ronicles1 b x is closely connect$ ) our pres5t subject1 & is mo/ naturally treat$ along ) x4 ,! *ronicl] might h ju/ifi$ himself by say+ t ! true home ( ,israel mu/ be 9 ,pale/9e1 & t a community 9 ,babylon c\ld only be consid]$ z subsidi>y to ! nation 9 its own home & wor%ipp+ at ! ,temple4 ,su* a s5tim5t1 at any rate1 w\ld h met ) univ]sal approval among/ ,pale/9ian ,jews4 ,! *ronicl] might also h repli$ t ! ,jews 9 ,babylon belong$ to ,judah & ,b5jam9 & 7 suffici5tly recognis$ 9 ! g5]al prom95ce give to ^! tribes4 ,9 all probability "s ,pale/9ian ,jews w\ld h be5 will+ to class _! ,babylonian k9sm5 ) ! t5 tribes4 ,volunt>y exiles f ! ,temple1 ! ,holy ,city1 & ! ,l& ( ,promise _h 9 great measure cut !mselves (f f ! full privileges ( ! p ( ,jehovah4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we _h a ,babylonian book ( ,*ronicles1 we %\ld see bo? ,j]usalem & ,babylon 9 ano!r light4 ,! *ronicl] 0 possess$ & inspir$ by ! actual liv+ pres5t r\nd ab\t him2 he 0 cont5t to let ! dead pa/ bury its dead4 ,he 0 probably incl9$ to believe t ! abs5t are mo/ly wrong1 & t ! m5 :o work$ ) him = ! ,"l & ,8 temple 7 ! true ,israel & ! ,*ur* ( ,god4 ,he 0 en?usia/ic 9 8 own vocation & loyal to 8 bre?r54 ,if 8 int]e/s 7 some:at n>r[$ by ! urg5cy ( pres5t circum/ances1 mo/ m5 suff] f ! same limitations4 ,few ,engli%m5 realise t ! battle ( ,ag9c\rt is "p ( ! hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & t ,cant]bury ,ca!dral is a monum5t ( c]ta9 /ages 9 ! gr[? ( ! religion ( ,new ,engl&4 ,we are n altoge!r will+ to admit t ^! volunt>y exiles f our ,holy ,l& belong to ! true ,anglo-,saxon ,israel4 ,*ur*es are /ill apt to ignore _! obligations to tea*]s :o1 l ! prophets ( ,sam>ia1 seem to h be5 associat$ ) ali5 or ho/ile bran*es ( ! family ( ,god4 ,a religi\s movem5t :i* fails to secure = itself a p]man5t monum5t is usually labell$ h]esy4 ,if x has nei!r obta9$ recognition )9 ! ,*ur* nor yet organis$ a sect = itself1 its s]vices are =gott5 or d5i$4 ,ev5 ! or?odoxy ( "o g5]ation is sometimes contemptu\s ( ! old] or?odoxy :i* made x possible2 & yet ,gno/ics1 ,arians & ,a?anasians1 ,arm9ians & ,calv9i/s1 h all done some?+ to build up ! temple ( fai?4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury prides itself on a m lib]al _s4 ,b ,romani/ hi/orians are n eag] to ackn[l$ge ! debt ( _! ,*ur* to ! ,re=m]s2 & !re are ,prote/ant p>tisans :o d5y t we are ! heirs ( ! ,*ri/ian life & ?\ght ( ! m$ival ,*ur* & are anxi\s to trace ! g5ealogy ( pure religion exclusively ?r\gh a suppos$ succession ( obscure & half-my?ical sects4 ,limitations l ^? ( ! *ronicl] /ill n>r[ ! sympa?ies ( e>ne/ & dev\t ,*ri/ians4 ,b x is "t to return to ! m positive aspects ( ! tea*+ ( ,*ronicles1 & to see h[ f> we h already trac$ its exposition ( ! ,messianic idea4 ,! plan ( ! book implies a spiritual claim on behalf ( ! ,jewi% community ( ! ,re/oration4 ,because !y believ$ 9 ,jehovah1 ^: provid5ce _h 9 =m] times controll$ ! de/9ies ( ,israel1 !y return$ to _! ance/ral home t !y might s]ve & wor%ip ! ,god ( _! fa!rs4 ,_! fai? surviv$ ! ru9 ( ,judah & _! own captivity2 !y recognis$ ! p[]1 & wisdom1 & love ( ,god alike 9 ! prosp]ity & 9 ! mis=tunes ( _! race4 8,!y believ$ ,god1 & x 0 c\nt$ unto !m = righte\sness40 ,! great prophet ( ! ,re/oration _h reg>d$ ?is new ,israel z itself a ,messianic p1 p]haps ev5 8a light to ! ,g5tiles0 & 8salvation unto ! ends ( ! e>?407#ach7 ,! *ronicl]'s hopes 7 m mode/2 ! new ,j]usalem _h be5 se5 by ! prophet z an ideal vision2 ! hi/orian knew x by exp]i5ce z an imp]fect human society3 b he believ$ none ! less 9 its high spiritual vocation & pr]ogatives4 ,he claim$ ! future = ^? :o 7 able to trace ! h& ( ,god 9 _! pa/4 ,"u ! mon>*y ! =tunes ( ,j]usalem _h be5 b\nd up ) ^? ( ! h\se ( ,david4 ,! *ronicl] br+s out all t 0 be/ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! anci5t k+s ( ,judah1 t ?is ideal picture ( ! /ate & its rul]s might enc\rage & inspire to future hope & ef=t4 ,! "* & a*ievem5ts ( ,david & 8 successors 7 ( p]man5t significance4 ,! grace & fav\r accord$ to !m symbolis$ ! ,div9e promise = ! future1 & ?is promise 0 to be realis$ ?r\gh a ,son ( ,david4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,david--,,ii4 ,8 ,p]sonal ,hi/ory4 ,9 ord] to und]/& :y ! *ronicl] entirely reca/s ! graphic & c&id hi/ory ( ,david giv5 9 ! book ( ,samuel1 we h to consid] ! place t ,david _h come to fill 9 ,jewi% religion4 ,x seems probable t among ! s\rces us$ by ! au?or ( ! book ( ,samuel 0 a hi/ory ( ,david1 writt5 n long aft] 8 dea?1 by "s "o famili> ) ! inn] life ( ! c\rt4 8,no "o10 says ! prov]b1 8is an h]o to 8 valet02 v mu* :at a valet is to a private g5tleman c\rti]s are to a k+3 _! k ( _! ma/] approa*es to ! famili>ity :i* bre$s contempt4 ,n t ,david 0 ev] a subject = contempt or less ?an an h]o ev5 to 8 own c\rti]s2 b !y knew him z a v human h]o1 great 9 8 vices z well z 9 8 virtues1 d>+ 9 battle & wise 9 c\nsel1 sometimes also reckless 9 s91 yet capable ( unb\nd$ rep5tance1 lov+ n wisely1 b too well4 ,& z !y knew him1 s !y describ$ him2 & _! picture is an immortal possession = all /ud5ts ( sacr$ life & lit]ature4 ,b x is n ! portrait ( a ,messiah2 :5 we ?9k ( ! 8,son ( ,david10 we d n want to be rem9d$ ( ,ba?-%eba4 ,dur+ ! six or sev5 c5turies t elaps$ betwe5 ! dea? ( ,david & ! *ronicl]1 ! "n ( ,david _h come to h a symbolic mean+1 :i* 0 l>gely indep5d5t ( ! p]sonal "* & c>e] ( ! actual k+4 ,8 reign _h become idealis$ by ! magic ( antiquity2 x 0 a glory ( 8! good old times40 ,8 own s9s & failures 7 obscur$ by ! crimes & disa/]s ( lat] k+s4 ,& yet1 9 spite ( all its %ortcom+s1 ! 8h\se ( ,david0 /ill rema9$ ! symbol alike ( anci5t glory & ( future hopes4 ,we h se5 f ! g5ealogies h[ intimate ! connection 0 betwe5 ! family & its f\nd]4 ,ephraim & ,b5jam9 may mean ei!r patri>*s or tribes4 ,a ,jew 0 n always anxi\s to di/+ui% betwe5 ! family & ! f\nd]4 8,david0 & 8! h\se ( ,david0 became almo/ int]*angeable t]ms4 ,ev5 ! prophets ( ! eigh? c5tury connect ! future de/9y ( ,israel ) ,david & 8 h\se4 ,! *ild1 ( :om ,isaiah prophesi$1 0 to sit 8^u ! ?rone ( ,david0 & be 8ov] 8 k+dom1 to e/abli% x & to uphold x ) judgm5t & ) righte\sness f h5ce=? ev5 = ev]407#aci7 ,&1 aga91 ! k+ :o is to 8sit 444 9 tru?1 444 judg+1 & seek+ judgm5t1 & swift to d righte\sness10 is to h 88 ?rone 444 e/abli%$ 9 m]cy 9 ! t5t ( ,david407#adj7 ,:5 ,s5na*]ib attack$ ,j]usalem1 ! city 0 def5d$7#ada7 = ,jehovah's own sake & = ,8 s]vant ,david's sake4 ,9 ! ^w ( ! ,"l t came to ,isaiah = ,hezekiah1 ,david sup]s$es1 z x 71 ! sacr$ fa!rs ( ! ,hebrew race2 ,jehovah is n spok5 ( z 8! ,god ( ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob10 b 8! ,god ( ,david407#adb7 ,z f\nd] ( ! dyna/y1 he takes rank ) ! f\nd]s ( ! race & religion ( ,israel3 he is 8! patri>* ,david407#adc7 ,! nor!rn prophet ,hosea looks =w>d to ! "t :5 8! *ildr5 ( ,israel %all return1 & seek ! ,"l _! ,god & ,david _! k+07#add72 :5 ,amos wi%es to set =? ! future prosp]ity ( ,israel1 he says t ! ,"l 8w raise up ! tab]nacle ( ,david07#ade72 9 ,micah 8! rul] 9 ,israel0 is to come =? f ,be?lehem ,ephra?ah1 ! bir?place ( ,david7#adf72 9 ,j]emiah su* ref]5ces to ,david are frequ5t1 ! mo/ *>act]i/ic be+ ^? relat+ to ! 8righte\s bran*1 :om ! ,"l w raise up unto ,david10 :o 8%all reign z k+ & deal wisely1 & %all execute judgm5t & ju/ice 9 ! l&1 9 ^: days ,judah %all be sav$1 & ,israel %all dwell safely07#adg72 9 ,ezekiel 8,my s]vant ,david0 is to be ! %eph]d & pr9ce ( ,jehovah's re/or$ & reunit$ p7#adh72 ,ze*>iah1 writ+ at :at we may consid] ! beg9n+ ( ! *ronicl]'s own p]iod1 foll[s ! language ( 8 pr$ecessors3 he applies ,j]emiah's prophecy ( 8! righte\s bran*0 to ,z]ubbabel1 ! pr9ce ( ! h\se ( ,david7#adi73 simil>ly 9 ,haggai ,z]ubbabel is ! *os5 ( ,jehovah7#aej72 9 ! app5dix to ,ze*>iah x is said t :5 8! ,"l def5ds ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem0 8! h\se ( ,david %all be z ,god1 z ! angel ( ! ,"l be=e !m407#aea7 ,9 ! lat] lit]ature1 ,biblical & apocryphal1 ! ,davidic orig9 ( ! ,messiah is n conspicu\s till x reappe>s 9 ! ,psalms ( ,solomon7#aeb7 & ! ,new ,te/am5t1 b ! idea _h n necess>ily be5 dormant mean:ile4 ,! *ronicl] & 8 s*ool /udi$ & m$itat$ on ! sacr$ writ+s1 & mu/ h be5 famili> ) ?is doctr9e ( ! prophets4 ,! int]e/ 9 su* a subject w\ld n be conf9$ to s*ol>s4 ,d\btless ! d[ntrodd5 p *]i%$ ) ev]-gr[+ ard\r ! glori\s picture ( ! ,davidic k+4 ,9 ! synagogues x 0 n only ,moses1 b ! ,prophets1 t 7 read2 & !y c\ld nev] all[ ! picture ( ! ,messianic k+ to gr[ fa9t & pale47#aec7 ,david's "n 0 also famili> z ! au?or ( _m psalms4 ,! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem w\ld (t5 he> !m sung at ! ,temple1 & !y 7 probably us$ = private devotion4 ,9 ?is way especially ! "n ( ,david _h become associat$ ) ! deepe/ & pure/ spiritual exp]i5ces4 ,?is brief survey %[s h[ utt]ly impossible x 0 = ! *ronicl] to transf] ! old] n>rative bodily f ! book ( ,samuel to 8 own pages4 ,l>ge omissions 7 absolutely necess>y4 ,he c\ld n sit d[n 9 cold blood to tell 8 read]s t ! man ^: "n !y associat$ ) ! mo/ sacr$ memories & ! noble/ hopes ( ,israel _h be5 guilty ( trea*]\s murd]1 & _h (f]$ himself to ! ,phili/9es z an ally aga9/ ! p ( ,jehovah4 ,f ?is po9t ( view let u consid] ! *ronicl]'s omissions some:at m 9 detail4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ) "o or two slight exceptions1 he omits ! :ole ( ,david's life be=e 8 accession to ! ?rone1 = two reasons3 p>tly because he is anxi\s t 8 read]s %\ld ?9k ( ,david z k+1 ! ano9t$ ( ,jehovah1 ! ,messiah2 p>tly t !y may n be rem9d$ ( 8 c>e] z an outlaw & a freeboot] & ( 8 alliance ) ! ,phili/9es47#aed7 ,x is probably only an un9t5tional result ( ?is omission t x enables ! *ronicl] to ignore ! important s]vices r5d]$ to ,david by ,abia?>1 ^: family 7 rivals ( ! h\se ( ,zadok 9 ! prie/hood4 ,we h already se5 t ! ev5ts ( ,david's reign at ,hebron & 8 /ruggle ) ,i%bo%e? are omitt$ because ! *ronicl] does n recognise ,i%bo%e? z a legitimate k+4 ,! omission w\ld also comm5d itself because ?is section conta9s ! acc\nt ( ,joab's murd] ( ,abn] & ,david's inability to d m ?an prote/ aga9/ ! crime4 8,i am ?is day weak1 ?\gh ano9t$ k+2 & ^! m5 ! sons ( ,z]uiah are too h>d = me107#aee7 are sc>cely words t become an ideal k+4 ,! next po9t to notice is "o ( ^? significant alt]ations t m>k ! *ronicl]'s indu/ry z a r$actor4 ,9 #b ,sam4 v4 #ba we read t aft] ! ,phili/9es _h be5 defeat$ at ,baal-p]azim !y left _! images !re1 & ,david & 8 m5 took !m away4 ,:y did !y take !m away8 ,:at did ,david & 8 m5 want ) images8 ,mission>ies br+ home images z trophies1 & exhibit !m triumphantly1 l soldi]s :o h captur$ ! enemy's /&>ds4 ,no "o1 n ev5 an unconv]t$ native1 supposes t !y h be5 br\ght away to be us$ 9 wor%ip4 ,b ! wor%ip ( images 0 no improbable apo/acy on ! "p ( an ,israelite k+4 ,! *ronicl] felt t ^! ambigu\s words 7 op5 to miscon/ruction2 s he tells u :at he assumes to h be5 _! ultimate fate3 8,& !y left _! gods !re2 & ,david gave comm&m5t1 & !y 7 burnt ) fire407#aef7 ,! next omission 0 obvi\sly a necess>y "o2 x is ! incid5t ( ,uriah & ,ba?-%eba4 ,! "n ,ba?-%eba nev] occurs 9 ,*ronicles4 ,:5 x is necess>y to m5tion ! "m ( ,solomon1 %e is call$ ,ba?-%ua1 possibly 9 ord] t ! disgraceful incid5t might n be sugge/$ ev5 by ! use ( ! "n4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t g5ealogies diff] 9 ?is matt] 9 some:at ! same way z ,samuel & ,*ronicles4 ,/4 ,mat!w expressly m5tions ,uriah's wife z an ance/ress ( our ,"l1 b ,/4 ,luke does n m5tion h] or any o!r ance/ress4 ,! next omission is equally ext5sive & important4 ,x includes ! :ole s]ies ( ev5ts connect$ ) ! revolt ( ,absalom1 f ! incid5t ( ,tam> to ! suppression ( ! rebellion ( ,%eba ! son ( ,bi*ri4 ,v>i\s motives may h contribut$ to ?is omission4 ,! n>rative conta9s un$ify+ incid5ts1 :i* are pass$ ov] z lightly z possible by mod]n writ]s l ,/anley4 ,x 0 probably a relief to ! *ronicl] to be able to omit !m altoge!r4 ,!re is no he9\s s9 l ! murd] ( ,uriah1 b ! /ory leaves a g5]al impression ( great weakness on ,david's "p4 ,joab murd]s ,amasa z he _h murd]$ ,abn]1 & ?is "t !re is no record ( any prote/ ev5 on ! "p ( ,david4 ,b probably ! ma9 reason = ! omission ( ?is n>rative is t x m>s ! ideal picture ( ,david's p[] & dignity & ! success & prosp]ity ( 8 reign4 ,! t\*+ /ory ( ,rizpah is omitt$2 ! hang+ ( h] sons does n exhibit ,david 9 a v amiable light4 ,! ,gibeonites propose t 8!y %all hang !m up unto ! ,"l 9 ,gibeah ( ,saul1 ! *os5 ( ! ,"l10 & ,david accepts ! proposal4 ,?is puni%m5t ( ! *ildr5 = ! s9 ( _! fa!r 0 expressly aga9/ ! ,law7#aeg72 & ! :ole incid5t 0 p]il\sly ak9 to human sacrifice4 ,h[ c\ld !y be hung up be=e ,jehovah 9 ,gibeah unless !re 0 a sanctu>y ( ,jehovah 9 ,gibeah8 ,& :y %\ld ,saul at su* a "t & 9 su* a connection be call$ emphatically 8! *os5 ( ,jehovah08 ,on _m gr\nds1 x 0 a passage :i* ! *ronicl] w\ld be glad to omit4 ,9 #b ,sam4 xxi4 #ae-ag we are told t ,david wax$ fa9t & _h to be rescu$ by ,abi%ai4 ,?is is omitt$ by ,*ronicles probably because x detracts f ! "* ( ,david z ! ideal h]o4 ,! next p>agraph 9 ,samuel also t5d$ to depreciate ,david's pr[ess4 ,x /at$ t ,golia? 0 sla9 by ,elhanan4 ,! *ronicl] introduces a correction4 ,x 0 n ,golia? :om ,elhanan slew1 b ,lahmi1 ! bro!r ( ,golia?4 ,h[ev]1 ! text 9 ,samuel is evid5tly corrupt2 & possibly ?is is "o ( ! cases 9 :i* ,*ronicles has pres]v$ ! correct text47#aeh7 ,!n foll[ two omissions t are n easily acc\nt$ =4 #b ,sam4 xxii41 xxiii41 conta9 two psalms1 ,psalm xviii4 & 8! ,la/ ,words ( ,david10 ! latt] n includ$ 9 ! ,psalt]4 ,^! psalms are g5]ally consid]$ a late addition to ! book ( ,samuel1 & x is b>ely possible t !y 7 n 9 ! copy us$ by ! *ronicl]2 b ! late date ( ,*ronicles makes aga9/ ?is supposition4 ,! psalms may be omitt$ = ! sake ( brevity1 & yet else:]e a long c5to ( passages f po/-,exilic psalms is add$ to ! mat]ial d]iv$ f ! book ( ,samuel4 ,possibly some?+ 9 ! omitt$ section j>r$ ^u ! !ological s5sibilities ( ! *ronicl]1 b x is n cle> :at4 ,he does n z a rule look bel[ ! surface = obscure sugge/ions ( undesirable views4 ,! gr\nds ( 8 alt]ations & omissions are usually suffici5tly obvi\s2 b ^! p>ticul> omissions are n at pres5t susceptible ( any obvi\s explanation4 ,fur!r rese>* into ! !ology ( ,judaism may p]haps provide u ) "o h]eaft]4 ,f9ally1 ! *ronicl] omits ! attempt ( ,adonijah to seize ! ?rone1 & ,david's dy+ comm&s to ,solomon4 ,! op5+ *apt]s ( ! book ( ,k+s pres5t a graphic & pa!tic picture ( ! clos+ sc5es ( ,david's life4 ,! k+ is exhau/$ ) old age4 ,8 au?oritative sanction to ! coronation ( ,solomon is only obta9$ :5 he has be5 r\s$ & direct$ by ! prompt+s & sugge/ions ( ! wom5 ( 8 h>em4 ,! sc5e is p>tly a p>allel & p>tly a contra/ to ! la/ days ( ,que5 ,elizabe?2 = :5 h] bodily /r5g? fail$1 ! ob/9ate ,tudor _s refus$ to be guid$ by ! sugge/ions ( h] c\rti]s4 ,! *ronicl] 0 depict+ a p]son ( almo/ ,div9e dignity1 9 :om incid5ts ( human weakness w\ld h be5 out ( keep+2 & !re=e !y are omitt$4 ,david's *>ge to ,solomon is equally human4 ,solomon is to make up = ,david's weakness & undue g5]osity by putt+ ,joab & ,%imei to dea?2 on ! o!r h&1 he is to pay ,david's debt ( gratitude to ! son ( ,b>zillai4 ,b ! *ronicl] felt t ,david's m9d 9 ^? la/ days mu/ surely h be5 occupi$ ) ! temple :i* ,solomon 0 to build1 & ! less edify+ *>ge is omitt$4 ,con/ant9e is report$ to h said t1 = ! hon\r ( ! ,*ur*1 he w\ld conceal ! s9 ( a bi%op ) 8 own imp]ial purple4 ,david 0 m to ! *ronicl] ?an ! :ole ,*ri/ian episcopate to ,con/ant9e4 ,8 life ( ,david is compil$ 9 ! _s & ^u ! pr9ciples ( lives ( sa9ts g5]ally1 & 8 omissions are made 9 p]fect good fai?4 ,let u n[ consid] ! positive picture ( ,david z x is drawn = u 9 ,*ronicles4 ,*ronicles w\ld be publi%$ sep>ately1 ea* copy writt5 out on a roll ( its own4 ,!re may h be5 ,jews :o _h ,*ronicles1 b n ,samuel & ,k+s1 & :o knew no?+ ab\t ,david except :at !y le>n$ f ,*ronicles4 ,possibly ! *ronicl] & 8 fri5ds w\ld recomm5d ! "w z suitable = ! education ( *ildr5 & ! in/ruction ( ! common p4 ,x w\ld save its read]s f be+ p]plex$ by ! religi\s difficulties sugge/$ by ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,!re 7 _m ob/acles1 h[ev]1 to ! success ( su* a s*eme2 ! p]secutions ( ,antio*us & ! w>s ( ! ,maccabees took ! lead]%ip out ( ! h&s ( s*ol>s & gave x to soldi]s & /atesm54 ,! latt] p]haps felt m drawn to ! real ,david ?an to ! ideal1 & ! new prie/ly dyna/y w\ld n be anxi\s to emphasise ! ,messianic hopes ( ! h\se ( ,david4 ,b let u put ourselves = a mom5t 9 ! position ( a /ud5t ( ,hebrew hi/ory :o reads ( ,david = ! fir/ "t 9 ,*ronicles & has no o!r s\rce ( in=mation4 ,our fir/ impression z we read ! book is t ,david comes into ! hi/ory z abruptly z ,elijah or ,mel*iz$ek4 ,jehovah slew ,saul 8& turn$ ! k+dom unto ,david ! son ( ,jesse407#aei7 ,app>5tly ! ,div9e appo9tm5t is promptly & en?usia/ically accept$ by ! nation2 all ! twelve tribes come at once 9 _! t5s & hundr$s ( ?\s&s to ,hebron to make ,david k+4 ,!y !n m>* /raight to ,j]usalem & take x by /orm1 & =?) attempt to br+ up ! ,ark to ,zion4 ,an un=tunate accid5t necessitates a delay ( ?ree mon?s1 b at ! end ( t "t ! ,ark is solemnly in/all$ 9 a t5t at ,j]usalem47#afj7 ,we are n told :o ,david ! son ( ,jesse 01 or :y ! ,div9e *oice fell ^u him1 or h[ he _h be5 prep>$ = 8 responsible position1 or h[ he _h s comm5d$ himself to ,israel z to be accept$ ) univ]sal acclaim4 ,he mu/1 h[ev]1 h be5 ( noble family & high "*2 & x is h9t$ t he _h _h a di/+ui%$ c>e] z a soldi]47#afa7 ,we %\ld expect to f9d 8 "n 9 ! introductory g5ealogies2 & if we h read ^! li/s ( names ) consci5ti\s att5tion1 we %all rememb] t !re are sundry incid5tal ref]5ces to ,david1 & t he 0 ! sev5? son ( ,jesse17#afb7 :o 0 desc5d$ f ! ,patri>* ,judah1 ?r\gh ,boaz1 ! husb& ( ,ru?4 ,z we read fur!r we come to o!r ref]5ces :i* ?r[ "s light on ,david's e>ly c>e]1 & at ! same "t some:at m> ! symmetry ( ! op5+ n>rative4 ,! wide discrepancy betwe5 ! *ronicl]'s idea ( ,david & ! acc\nt giv5 by 8 au?orities prev5ts him f compos+ 8 "w on an entirely consecutive & consi/5t plan4 ,we ga!r t !re 0 a "t :5 ,david 0 9 rebellion aga9/ 8 pr$ecessor1 & ma9ta9$ himself at ,ziklag & else:]e1 keep+ 8himself close1 because ( ,saul ! son ( ,ki%10 & ev5 t he came ) ! ,phili/9es aga9/ ,saul to battle1 b 0 prev5t$ by ! jeal\sy ( ! ,phili/9e *iefs f actually fight+ aga9/ ,saul4 ,!re is no?+ to indicate ! occasion or circum/ances ( ^! ev5ts47#afc7 ,b x appe>s t ev5 at ?is p]iod1 :5 ,david 0 9 arms aga9/ ! k+ ( ,israel & an ally ( ! ,phili/9es1 he 0 ! *os5 lead] ( ,israel4 ,m5 flock$ to him f ,judah & ,b5jam91 ,manasseh & ,gad1 & d\btless f ! o!r tribes z well3 8,f day to day !re came to ,david to help him1 until x 0 a great ho/ l ! ho/ ( ,god407#afd7 ,?is *apt] p>tly expla9s ,david's popul>ity aft] ,saul's dea?2 b x only c>ries ! my/]y a /age fur!r back4 ,h[ did ?is outlaw & app>5tly unpatriotic rebel get s /rong a hold on ! affections ( ,israel8 ,*ap4 xii4 also provides mat]ial = plausible explanations ( ano!r difficulty4 ,9 *ap4 x4 ! army ( ,israel is r\t$1 ! inhabitants ( ! l& take to flight1 & ! ,phili/9es occupy _! cities2 9 xi4 & xii4 #bc-dj all ,israel come /raightway to ,hebron 9 ! mo/ peaceful & unconc]n$ fa%ion to make ,david k+4 ,are we to und]/& t 8 ,phili/9e allies1 m9dful ( t 8great ho/1 l ! ho/ ( ,god10 all at once *ang$ _! m9ds & entirely rel9qui%$ ! fruits ( _! victory8 ,else:]e1 h[ev]1 we f9d a /atem5t t r5d]s o!r explanations possible4 ,david reign$ sev5 ye>s 9 ,hebron17#afe7 s t our fir/ impression z to ! rapid sequ5ce ( ev5ts at ! beg9n+ ( 8 reign is app>5tly n correct1 & !re 0 "t 9 ^! sev5 ye>s = a m gradual expulsion ( ! ,phili/9es4 ,x is d\btful1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! *ronicl] int5d$ 8 orig9al n>rative to be ?us modifi$ & int]pret$4 ,! ma9 ?read ( ! hi/ory is int]rupt$ "h & lat] on7#aff7 to ins]t incid5ts :i* illu/rate ! p]sonal c\rage & pr[ess ( ,david & 8 w>riors4 ,we are also told h[ busily occupi$ ,david 0 dur+ ! ?ree mon?s' soj\rn ( ! ,ark 9 ! h\se ( ,ob$-edom ! ,gittite4 ,he accept$ an alliance ) ,hiram1 k+ ( ,tyre2 he add$ to 8 h>em2 he successfully repell$ two inroads ( ! ,phili/9es1 & made him h\ses 9 ! city ( ,david47#afg7 ,! n>rative returns to its ma9 subject3 ! hi/ory ( ! sanctu>y at ,j]usalem4 ,z soon z ! ,ark 0 duly in/all$ 9 its t5t1 & ,david 0 e/abli%$ 9 8 new palace1 he 0 /ruck by ! contra/ betwe5 ! t5t & ! palace3 8,lo1 ,i dwell 9 a h\se ( c$>1 b ! ark ( ! cov5ant ( ! ,"l dwelle? "u curta9s40 ,he propos$ to sub/itute a temple = ! t5t1 b 0 =bidd5 by 8 prophet ,na?an1 ?r\gh :om ,god promis$ him t 8 son %\ld build ! ,temple1 & t 8 h\se %\ld be e/abli%$ = ev]47#afh7 ,!n we read ( ! w>s1 victories1 & conque/s ( ,david4 ,he is no long] absorb$ 9 ! def5ce ( ,israel aga9/ ! ,phili/9es4 ,he takes ! aggressive & conqu]s ,ga?2 he conqu]s ,edom1 ,moab1 ,ammon1 & ,amalek2 he & 8 armies defeat ! ,syrians 9 sev]al battles1 ! ,syrians become tribut>y1 & ,david occupies ,damascus ) a g>rison4 8,& ! ,"l gave victory to ,david :i!rsoev] he w5t40 ,! conqu]$ 7 treat$ aft] ! mann] ( ^? b>b>\s times4 ,david & 8 g5]als c>ri$ (f mu* spoil1 especially brass1 & silv]1 & gold2 & :5 he conqu]$ ,rabbah1 ! capital ( ,ammon1 8he br\ght =? ! p t 7 !re91 & cut !m ) saws1 & ) h>r[s ( iron1 & ) axes4 ,& ?us did ,david unto all ! cities ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ammon40 ,mean:ile 8 home adm9i/ration 0 z hon\rable z 8 =eign w>s 7 glori\s3 8,he execut$ judgm5t & ju/ice unto all 8 p02 & ! gov]nm5t 0 duly organis$ ) comm&]s ( ! ho/ & ! bodygu>d1 ) prie/s & scribes47#afi7 ,!n foll[s a my/]i\s & pa9ful disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 :i* ! hi/orian w\ld gladly h omitt$1 if 8 respect = ! memory ( 8 h]o _h n be5 ov]rul$ by 8 s5se ( ! supreme importance ( ! ,temple4 ,david1 l ,job1 0 giv5 ov] = a season to ,satan1 & :ile possess$ by ?is evil _s displeas$ ,god by numb]+ ,israel4 ,8 puni%m5t took ! =m ( a great pe/il5ce1 :i* decimat$ 8 p1 until1 by ,div9e comm&1 ,david erect$ an alt> 9 ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite & (f]$ sacrifices ^u x1 :]eupon ! plague 0 /ay$4 ,david at once p]ceiv$ ! significance ( ?is incid5t3 ,jehovah _h indicat$ ! site ( ! future ,temple4 8,?is is ! h\se ( ,jehovah ,elohim17#agj7 & ?is is ! alt> ( burnt (f]+ = ,israel407#aga7 ,?is revelation ( ! ,div9e w z to ! position ( ! ,temple l$ ,david to proce$ at once ) prep>ations = its erection by ,solomon1 :i* occupi$ all 8 en]gies = ! rema9d] ( 8 life47#agb7 ,he ga!r$ funds & mat]ials1 & gave 8 son full in/ructions ab\t ! build+2 he organis$ ! prie/s & ,levites1 ! ,temple or*e/ra & *oir1 ! doorkeep]s1 treasur]s1 (fic]s1 & judges2 he also organis$ ! army1 ! tribes1 & ! royal ex*equ] on ! model ( ! correspond+ arrangem5ts = ! ,temple4 ,!n foll[s ! clos+ sc5e ( ,david's life4 ,! sun ( ,israel sets amid ! flam+ glories ( ! we/]n sky4 ,no cl\ds or mi/s rob him ( accu/om$ spl5d\r4 ,david calls a great assembly ( pr9ces & w>riors2 he addresses a solemn exhortation to !m & to ,solomon2 he deliv]s to 8 son in/ructions = 8all ! works0 :i* 8,i h be5 made to und]/& 9 writ+ f ! h& ( ,jehovah40 ,x is almo/ z ?\gh ! plans ( ! ,temple _h %>$ ) ! fir/ tables ( /one ! hon\r ( be+ writt5 ) ! v f+] ( ,god ,himself1 & ,david 7 ev5 great] ?an ,moses4 ,he rem9ds ,solomon ( all ! prep>ations he _h made1 & appeals to ! pr9ces & ! p = fur!r gifts2 & !y r5d] will+ly--?\s&s ( tal5ts ( gold1 & silv]1 & brass1 & iron4 ,david (f]s pray] & ?anksgiv+ to ! ,"l3 8,& ,david said to all ! congregation1 ,n[ bless ,jehovah our ,god4 ,& all ! congregation bless$ ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( _! fa!rs1 & b[$ d[n _! heads1 & wor%ipp$ ,jehovah & ! k+4 ,& !y sacrific$ sacrifices unto ,jehovah1 & (f]$ burnt (f]+s unto ,jehovah1 on ! morr[ aft] t day1 ev5 a ?\s& bullocks1 a ?\s& rams1 & a ?\s& lambs1 ) _! dr9k (f]+s & sacrifices 9 abundance = all ,israel1 & did eat & dr9k be=e ,jehovah on t day ) great gladness4 ,& !y made ,solomon k+2 444 & ,david di$ 9 a good old age1 full ( days1 ri*es1 & hon\r1 & ,solomon 8 son reign$ 9 8 /ead407#agc7 ,! ,roman express$ 8 idea ( a becom+ dea? m simply3 8,an emp]or %\ld die /&+40 ,! *ronicl] has giv5 u ! same view at great] l5g?2 ?is is h[ ! *ronicl] w\ld h wi%$ to die if he _h be5 ,david1 & h[1 !re=e1 he conceives t ,god hon\r$ ! la/ h\rs ( ! man aft] ,8 own he>t4 ,x is a /range contra/ to ! companion picture 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,!re ! k+ is b$ridd51 dy+ sl[ly ( old age2 ! life-blood creeps coldly ?r\gh 8 ve9s4 ,! quiet ( ! sick-room is invad$ by ! %rill outcry ( an aggriev$ woman1 & ! dy+ k+ is r\s$ to he> t once m eag] h&s are clut*+ at 8 cr[n4 ,if ! *ronicl] has done no?+ else1 he has help$ u to appreciate bett] ! gloom & bitt]ness ( ! trag$y t 0 enact$ 9 ! la/ days ( ,david4 ,:at idea does ,*ronicles give u ( ! man & 8 "*8 ,he is fir/ & =emo/ a man ( e>ne/ piety & deep spiritual feel+4 ,l ! great religi\s lead]s ( ! *ronicl]'s own "t1 8 piety f\nd its *ief expression 9 ritual4 ,! ma9 bus9ess ( 8 life 0 to provide = ! sanctu>y & its s]vices2 t is1 = ! highe/ fell[%ip ( ,god & man1 accord+ to ! ideas !n curr5t4 ,b ,david is no m]e =mali/2 ! psalm ( ?anksgiv+ = ! return ( ! ,ark to ,j]usalem is a wor?y tribute to ! p[] & fai?fulness ( ,jehovah47#agd7 ,8 pray] aft] ,god _h promis$ to e/abli% 8 dyna/y is in/9ct ) dev\t confid5ce & gratitude47#age7 ,b ! mo/ graci\s & appropriate ( ^! ,davidic utt]ances is 8 la/ pray] & ?anksgiv+ = ! lib]al gifts ( ! p = ! ,temple47#agf7 ,next to ,david's en?usiasm = ! ,temple1 8 mo/ conspicu\s qualities are ^? ( a g5]al & soldi]3 he has great p]sonal /r5g? & c\rage1 & is uni=mly successful 9 w>s aga9/ num]\s & p[]ful enemies2 8 gov]nm5t is bo? able & upright2 8 great p[]s z an organis] & adm9i/rator are ex]cis$ bo? 9 secul> & ecclesia/ical matt]s2 9 a ^w1 he is 9 m s5ses ?an "o an ideal k+4 ,moreov]1 l ,alex&]1 ,m>lbor\gh1 ,napoleon1 & o!r epo*-mak+ conqu]ors1 he _h a great *>m ( p]sonal attractiv5ess2 he inspir$ 8 (fic]s & soldi]s ) en?usiasm & devotion to himself4 ,! pictures ( all ,israel flock+ to him 9 ! fir/ days ( 8 reign & ev5 e>li]1 :5 he 0 an outlaw1 are =cible illu/rations ( ?is wond]ful gift2 & ! same feature ( 8 "* is at once illu/rat$ & p>tly expla9$ by ! romantic episode at ,adullam4 ,:at great] pro( ( affection c\ld outlaws give to _! capta9 ?an to risk _! lives to get him a draught ( wat] f ! well ( ,be?lehem8 ,h[ bett] c\ld ,david h accept$ & ratifi$ _! devotion ?an by p\r+ out ?is wat] z a mo/ preci\s libation to ,god87#agg7 ,b ! *ronicl] gives mo/ /rik+ expression to ! idea ( ,david's popul>ity :5 he f9ally tells u 9 ! same brea? t ! p wor%ipp$ ,jehovah & ! k+47#agh7 ,9 draw+ an ideal picture1 our au?or has naturally omitt$ incid5ts t might h reveal$ ! defects ( 8 h]o4 ,su* omissions deceive no "o1 & are n meant to deceive any "o4 ,yet ,david's fail+s are n altoge!r abs5t f ?is hi/ory4 ,he has ^? vices :i* 7 *>act]i/ic alike ( 8 own age & ( ! *ronicl]'s1 & :i* inde$ are n yet :olly ext9ct4 ,he c\ld treat 8 prison]s ) b>b>\s cruelty4 ,8 pride l$ him to numb] ,israel1 b 8 rep5tance 0 prompt & ?or\gh2 & ! incid5t br+s out alike bo? 8 fai? 9 ,god & 8 c>e = 8 p4 ,:5 ! :ole episode is be=e u1 x does n less5 our love & respect = ,david4 ,! ref]5ce to 8 alliance ) ! ,phili/9es is vague & incid5tal4 ,if ?is 7 our only acc\nt ( ! matt]1 we %\ld int]pret x by ! re/ ( 8 life1 & conclude t if all ! facts 7 kn[n1 !y w\ld ju/ify 8 conduct4 ,9 =m+ a g5]al e/imate ( ,david accord+ to ,*ronicles1 we may fairly neglect ^! less satisfactory episodes4 ,briefly ,david is p]fect sa9t & p]fect k+1 belov$ ( ,god & man4 ,a portrait reveals ! arti/ z well z ! model & ! *ronicl] 9 depict+ ,david gives indications ( ! morality ( 8 own times4 ,we may d$uce f 8 omissions a c]ta9 progress 9 moral s5sitiv5ess4 ,! book ( ,samuel emphatically condemns ,david's trea*]y t[>ds ,uriah1 & is consci\s ( ! discr$itable nature ( _m incid5ts connect$ ) ! revolts ( ,absalom & ,adonijah2 b ! sil5ce ( ,*ronicles implies an ev5 sev]] condemnation4 ,9 o!r matt]s1 h[ev]1 ! *ronicl] 8judges himself 9 t :i* he approve?407#agi7 ,( c\rse ! fir/ bus9ess ( an anci5t k+ 0 to protect 8 p f _! enemies & to enri* !m at ! exp5se ( _! neighb\rs4 ,! urg5cy ( ^! duties may excuse1 b n ju/ify1 ! neglect ( ! m peaceful dep>tm5ts ( ! adm9i/ration4 ,! mod]n read] is /ruck by ! little /ress laid by ! n>rative ^u good gov]nm5t at home2 x is j m5tion$1 & t is ab\t all4 ,z ! s5tim5t ( int]national morality is ev5 n[ only 9 its infancy1 we _c wond] at its abs5ce f ,*ronicles2 b we are a little surpris$ to f9d t cruelty t[>ds prison]s is includ$ )\t comm5t 9 ! "* ( ! ideal k+47#ahj7 ,x is curi\s t ! acc\nt 9 ! book ( ,samuel is slightly ambigu\s & might possibly admit ( a comp>atively mild int]pretation2 b ,*ronicles1 accord+ to ! ord9>y translation1 says def9itely1 8,he cut !m ) saws40 ,! m]e reproduction ( ?is passage ne$ n imply full & delib]ate approval ( its cont5ts2 b x w\ld n h be5 all[$ to rema9 9 ! picture ( ! ideal k+1 if ! *ronicl] _h felt any /rong conviction z to ! duty ( humanity t[>ds "o's enemies4 ,un=tunately we "k f ! book ( ,e/h] & else:]e t lat] ,judaism _h n atta9$ to any wide en?usiasm ( humanity4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,david--,,iii4 ,8 ,(ficial ,dignity4 ,9 e/imat+ ! p]sonal "* ( ,david1 we h se5 t "o elem5t ( x 0 8 ideal k+%ip4 ,ap>t f 8 p]sonality1 8 "n is significant = ,old ,te/am5t !ology1 z t ( ! typical k+4 ,f ! "t :5 ! royal title 8,messiah0 began to be a synonym = ! hope ( ,israel1 d[n to ! p]iod :5 ! ,anglican ,*ur* taught ! ,div9e "r ( k+s1 & ,calv9i/s insi/$ on ! ,div9e sov]eignty or royal au?ority ( ,god1 ! dignity & p[] ( ! ,k+ ( k+s h always be5 illu/rat$ by1 & sometimes associat$ )1 ! /ate ( an e>?ly mon>*--:]e( ,david is ! mo/ /rik+ example4 ,! times ( ! *ronicl] 7 fav\rable to ! developm5t ( ! idea ( ! p]fect k+ ( ,israel1 ! pr9ce ( ! h\se ( ,david4 ,!re 0 no k+ 9 ,israel2 &1 z f> z we c ga!r1 ! liv+ repres5tatives ( ! h\se ( ,david held no v prom95t position 9 ! community4 ,x is mu* easi] to draw a satisfactory picture ( ! ideal mon>* :5 ! imag9ation is n *eck$ & hamp]$ by ! faults & fail+s ( an actual ,ahaz or ,hezekiah4 ,9 e>li] times ! prophetic hopes = ! h\se ( ,david _h (t5 be5 rudely disappo9t$1 b !re _h be5 ample space to =get ! pa/ & to revive ! old hopes 9 fre% spl5d\r & magnific5ce4 ,lack ( exp]i5ce help$ to comm5d ! idea ( ! ,davidic k+ to ! *ronicl]4 ,en?usiasm = a b5evol5t despot is mo/ly conf9$ to ^? :o h n enjoy$ ! privilege ( liv+ "u su* autocratic gov]nm5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re 0 no temptation to flatt] any liv+ ,davidic k+1 s t ! semi-,div9e "* ( ! k+%ip ( ,david is n set =? aft] ! gross & almo/ blasphem\s /yle ( ,roman emp]ors or ,turki% sultans4 ,x is inde$ said t ! p wor%ipp$ ,jehovah & ! k+2 b ! ess5tial "* ( ,jewi% ?\ght made x impossible t ! ideal k+ %\ld sit 89 ! temple ( ,god1 sett+ himself =? z ,god40 ,david & ,solomon c\ld n %>e ) ! pagan emp]ors ! hon\rs ( ,div9e wor%ip 9 _! life-"t & apo!osis aft] _! dea?4 ,no?+ address$ to any ,hebrew k+ p>allels ! panegyric to ! ,*ri/ian emp]or ,!odosius1 9 :i* allusion is made to 8 8sacr$ m9d10 & he is told t 8z ! ,fates are said to assi/ ) _! tablets t ,god :o is ! p>tn] 9 y\r maje/y1 s does "s ,div9e p[] s]ve y\r bidd+1 :i* writes d[n & 9 due "t sugge/s to y\r memory ! promises :i* y h made407#aha7 ,nor does ,*ronicles adorn ! k+s ( ,judah ) extravagant ,ori5tal titles1 su* z 8,k+ ( k+s ( k+s ( k+s40 ,devotion to ! h\se ( ,david nev] ov]/eps ! b\nds ( a due rev]5ce1 b ! ,hebrew idea ( mon>*y loses no?+ by ?is salut>y res]ve4 ,inde$1 ! title ( ! royal h\se ( ,judah re/$ ^u ,div9e appo9tm5t4 8,jehovah 444 turn$ ! k+dom unto ,david2 444 & !y ano9t$ ,david k+ ov] ,israel1 accord+ to ! ^w ( ,jehovah by ! h& ( ,samuel407#ahb7 ,b ! ,div9e *oice 0 confirm$ by ! cordial cons5t ( ! nation2 ! sov]eigns ( ,judah1 l ^? ( ,engl&1 rul$ by ! grace ( ,god & ! w ( ! p4 ,ev5 be=e ,david's accession ! ,israelites _h flock$ to 8 /&>d2 & aft] ! dea? ( ,saul a great array ( ! twelve tribes came to ,hebron to make ,david k+1 8& all ! re/ also ( ,israel 7 ( "o he>t to make ,david k+407#ahc7 ,simil>ly ,solomon is ! k+ 8:om ,god ha? *os510 & all ! congregation make him k+ & ano9t him to be pr9ce47#ahd7 ,! d\ble election ( ,david by ,jehovah & by ! nation is cle>ly set =? 9 ! book ( ,samuel1 & 9 ,*ronicles ! omission ( ,david's e>ly c>e] emphasises ?is election4 ,9 ! book ( ,samuel we are %[n ! natural process t br\ght ab\t ! *ange ( dyna/y2 we see h[ ! ,div9e *oice took effect ?r\gh ! w>s betwe5 ,saul & ! ,phili/9es & ?r\gh ,david's own ability & en]gy4 ,*ronicles is mo/ly sil5t z to second>y causes1 & fixes our att5tion on ! ,div9e *oice z ! ultimate gr\nd = ,david's elevation4 ,! au?ority d]iv$ f ,god & ! p cont9u$ to re/ on ! same basis4 ,david s\ght ,div9e direction alike = ! build+ ( ! ,temple & = 8 campaigns aga9/ ! ,phili/9es4 ,at ! same "t1 :5 he wi%$ to br+ up ! ,ark to ,j]usalem1 he 8consult$ ) ! capta9s ( ?\s&s & ( hundr$s1 ev5 ) e lead]2 & ,david said unto all ! assembly ( ,israel1 ,if x seem good unto y1 & if x be ( ,jehovah our ,god1 444 let u br+ aga9 ! ark ( our ,god to u2 444 & all ! assembly said t !y w\ld d s1 = ! ?+ 0 "r 9 ! eyes ( all ! p407#ahe7 ,( c\rse ! *ronicl] does n int5d to describe a con/itutional mon>*y1 9 :i* an assembly ( ! p _h any legal /atus4 ,app>5tly 9 8 own "t ! ,jews ex]cis$ _! measure ( local self-gov]nm5t ?r\gh an in=mal olig>*y1 head$ by ! high-prie/2 & ^! au?orities occasionally appeal$ to an assembly ( ! p4 ,! adm9i/ration "u ! mon>*y 0 c>ri$ on 9 a some:at simil> fa%ion1 only ! k+ _h great] au?ority ?an ! high-prie/1 & ! olig>*y ( notables 7 n s influ5tial z ! colleagues ( ! latt]4 ,b ap>t f any =mal con/itution ! *ronicl]'s description ( ^! incid5ts involves a recognition ( ! pr9ciple ( popul> cons5t 9 gov]nm5t z well z ! doctr9e t civil ord] re/s ^u a ,div9e sanction4 ,x is int]e/+ to see h[ a memb] ( a great ecclesia/ical community1 imbu$1 z we %\ld suppose1 ) all ! _s ( prie/craft1 yet insi/s ^u ! royal supremacy bo? 9 /ate & ,*ur*4 ,b to h done o!rwise w\ld h be5 to g 9 ! tee? ( all hi/ory2 ev5 9 ! ,p5tateu* ! 8k+ 9 ,je%urun0 is great] ?an ! prie/4 ,moreov]1 ! *ronicl] 0 n a prie/1 b a ,levite2 & !re are indications t ! ,levites' anci5t jeal\sy ( ! prie/s _h by no means di$ out4 ,9 ,*ronicles1 at any rate1 !re is no "q ( prie/s int]f]+ ) ! k+'s secul> adm9i/ration4 ,!y are n ev5 m5tion$ z obta9+ oracles = ,david z ,abia?> did be=e 8 accession47#ahf7 ,?is 0 d\btless impli$ 9 ! orig9al acc\nt ( ! ,phili/9e raids 9 *ap4 xiv41 b ! *ronicl] may n h und]/ood t 8inquir+ ( ,god0 meant obta9+ an oracle f ! prie/s4 ,! k+ is equally supreme also 9 ecclesia/ical affairs2 we might ev5 say t ! civil au?orities g5]ally %>$ ?is supremacy4 ,some:at aft] ! fa%ion ( ,cromwell & 8 major-g5]als1 ,david utilis$ 8! capta9s ( ! ho/0 z a k9d ( m9i/ry ( public wor%ip2 !y jo9$ ) him 9 organis+ ! or*e/ra & *oir = ! s]vices ( ! sanctu>y7#ahg73 probably ,napoleon & 8 m>%als w\ld h _h no hesitation 9 select+ an!ms = ,notre ,dame if ! idea _h occurr$ to !m4 ,david also consult$ 8 capta9s17#ahh7 & n ! prie/s1 ab\t br++ ! ,ark to ,j]usalem4 ,:5 he ga!r$ ! great assembly to make 8 f9al arrangem5ts = ! build+ ( ! ,temple1 ! pr9ces & capta9s1 ! rul]s & mighty m51 are m5tion$1 b no prie/s47#ahi7 ,&1 la/1 all ! congregation app>5tly ano9t7#aij7 ,zadok to be prie/4 ,! *ronicl] 0 evid5tly a pron\nc$ ,era/ian47#aia7 ,david is no m]e nom9al head ( ! ,*ur*2 he takes ! initiative 9 all important matt]s1 & receives ! ,div9e comm&s ei!r directly or ?r\gh 8 prophets ,na?an & ,gad4 ,n[ ^! prophets are n ecclesia/ical au?orities2 !y h no?+ to d ) ! prie/hood1 & d n correspond to ! (ficials ( an organis$ ,*ur*4 ,!y are r ! dome/ic *apla9s or confessors ( ! k+1 diff]+ f mod]n *apla9s & confessors 9 hav+ no ecclesia/ical sup]iors4 ,!y 7 n responsible to ! bi%op ( any diocese or ! g5]al ( any ord]2 !y did n manipulate ! royal consci5ce 9 ! int]e/s ( any p>ty 9 ! ,*ur*2 !y s]v$ ,god & ! k+1 & _h no o!r ma/]s4 ,!y did n be>d ,david be=e 8 p1 z ,ambrose confront$ ,!odosius or z ,*ryso/om rat$ ,eudoxia2 !y deliv]$ _! message to ,david 9 private1 & on occasion he communicat$ x to ! p47#aib7 ,! k+'s spiritual dignity is r enhanc$ ?an o!rwise by ?is reception ( prophetic messages specially deliv]$ to himself4 ,!re is ano!r aspect ( ! royal supremacy 9 religion4 ,9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance its object is l>gely ! exaltation ( ,david2 to arrange = public wor%ip is ! mo/ hon\rable function ( ! ideal k+4 ,at ! same "t ! c>e ( ! sanctu>y is 8 mo/ sacr$ duty1 & is assign$ to him t x may be punctually & wor?ily dis*>g$4 ,/ate e/abli%m5t ( ! ,*ur* is comb9$ ) a v ?or\gh control ( ! ,*ur* by ! /ate4 ,we see !n t ! mon>*y re/$ on ,div9e & national election1 & 0 guid$ by ! w ( ,god & ( ! p4 ,inde$1 9 br++ up ! ,ark7#aic7 ! cons5t ( ! p is ! only record$ indication ( ! w ( ,god4 8,vox populi vox ,dei40 ,! k+ & 8 gov]nm5t are supreme alike ov] ! /ate & ! sanctu>y1 & are entru/$ ) ! *>ge ( provid+ = public wor%ip4 ,let u try to express ! mod]n equival5ts ( ^! pr9ciples4 ,civil gov]nm5t is ( ,div9e orig91 & %\ld obta9 ! cons5t ( ! p2 x %\ld be c>ri$ on accord+ to ! w ( ,god1 freely accept$ by ! nation4 ,! civil au?ority is supreme bo? 9 ,*ur* & /ate1 & is responsible = ! ma9t5ance ( public wor%ip4 ,"o at lea/ ( ^! pr9ciples is s widely accept$ t x is q indep5d5t ( any ,scriptural sanction f ,*ronicles4 ,! cons5t ( ! p has long be5 accept$ z an ess5tial condition ( any /able gov]nm5t4 ,! sanctity ( civil gov]nm5t & ! sacr$ness ( its responsibilities are com+ to be recognis$1 at pres5t p]haps r 9 !ory ?an 9 practice4 ,we h n yet fully realis$ h[ ! tru? und]ly+ ! doctr9e ( ! ,div9e "r ( k+s applies to mod]n conditions4 ,=m]ly ! k+ 0 ! repres5tative ( ! /ate1 or ev5 ! /ate itself2 t is to say1 ! k+ directly or indirectly ma9ta9$ social ord]1 & provid$ = ! security ( life & prop]ty4 ,! ,div9e appo9tm5t & au?ority ( ! k+ express$ ! sanctity ( law & ord] z ! ess5tial conditions ( moral & spiritual progress4 ,! k+ is no long] ! /ate4 ,8 ,div9e "r1 h[ev]1 belongs to him1 n z a p]son or z a memb] ( a family1 b z ! embodim5t ( ! /ate1 ! *ampion ( social ord] aga9/ an>*y4 ,! 8,div9ity t do? h$ge a k+0 is n[ %>$ by ! sov]eign ) all ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( gov]nm5t4 ,! /ate--t is to say1 ! community organis$ = ! common good & = mutual help--is n[ to be recognis$ z ( ,div9e appo9tm5t & z wield+ a ,div9e au?ority4 8,! ,"l has turn$ ! k+dom to0 ! p4 ,?is revolution is s trem5d\s t x w\ld n be safe to apply to ! mod]n /ate ! rema9+ pr9ciples ( ! *ronicl]4 ,be=e we c\ld d s we %\ld ne$ to ent] into a discussion :i* w\ld be out ( place "h1 ev5 if we _h space = x4 ,9 "o po9t ! new democracies agree ) ! *ronicl]3 !y are n incl9$ to submit secul> affairs to ! dom9ation ( ecclesia/ical (ficials4 ,! que/ions ( ! supremacy ( ! /ate ov] ! ,*ur* & ( ! /ate e/abli%m5t ( ! ,*ur* involve l>g] & m complicat$ issues ?an exi/$ 9 ! m9d or exp]i5ce ( ! *ronicl]4 ,b 8 picture ( ! ideal k+ sugge/s "o idea t is 9 h>mony ) "s mod]n aspirations4 ,9 ,*ronicles ! k+1 z ! repres5tative ( ! /ate1 is ! special ag5t 9 provid+ = ! highe/ spiritual ne$s ( ! p4 ,may we v5ture to hope t out ( ! moral consci\sness ( a nation unit$ 9 mutual sympa?y & s]vice !re may arise a new en?usiasm to obey & wor%ip ,god8 ,human cruelty is ! greate/ /umbl+-block to belief & fell[%ip2 :5 ! /ate has some:at mitigat$ ! mis]y ( 8man's inhumanity to man10 fai? 9 ,god w be easi]4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,solomon4 ,! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ,solomon is con/ruct$ on ! same pr9ciples z t ( ,david1 & = simil> reasons4 ,! build] ( ! fir/ ,temple comm&$ ! grateful rev]5ce ( a community ^: national & religi\s life c5tr$ 9 ! second ,temple4 ,:ile ! ,davidic k+ became ! symbol ( ! hope ( ,israel1 ! ,jews c\ld n =get t ?is symbol d]iv$ mu* ( its significance f ! widespread dom9ion & royal magnific5ce ( ,solomon4 ,! *ronicl]1 inde$1 attributes great spl5d\r to ! c\rt ( ,david1 & ascribes to him a lion's %>e 9 ! ,temple itself4 ,he provid$ 8 successor ) treasure & mat]ials & ev5 ! complete plans1 s t on ! pr9ciple1 8,qui facit p] alium1 facit p] se10 ,david might h be5 cr$it$ ) ! actual build+4 ,solomon 0 almo/ 9 ! position ( a mod]n eng9e] :o puts toge!r a /eam] t has be5 built 9 sections4 ,b1 ) all ^! limitations1 ! cle> & obvi\s fact rema9$ t ,solomon actually built & d$icat$ ! ,temple4 ,moreov]1 ! memory ( 8 weal? & gr&eur kept a firm hold on ! popul> imag9ation2 & ^! conspicu\s bless+s 7 receiv$ z c]ta9 tok5s ( ! fav\r ( ,jehovah4 ,solomon's fame1 h[ev]1 0 ?reefold3 he 0 n only ! ,div9ely appo9t$ build] ( ! ,temple &1 by ! same ,div9e grace1 ! ri*e/ & mo/ p[]ful k+ ( ,israel3 he _h also receiv$ f ,jehovah ! gift ( 8wisdom & k40 ,9 8 royal spl5d\r & 8 sacr$ build+s he only diff]$ 9 degree f o!r k+s2 b 9 8 wisdom he /ood alone1 n only )\t equal1 b almo/ )\t competitor4 ,h]e9 he 0 "u no obligation to 8 fa!r1 & ! glory ( ,solomon c\ld n be dim9i%$ by repres5t+ t he _h be5 anticipat$ by ,david4 ,h5ce ! "n ( ,solomon came to symbolise ,hebrew le>n+ & philosophy4 ,9 religi\s significance1 h[ev]1 ,solomon _c rank ) ,david4 ,! dyna/y ( ,judah c\ld h only "o repres5tative1 & ! f\nd] & eponym ( ! royal h\se 0 ! mo/ important figure = ! subsequ5t !ology4 ,! int]e/ t lat] g5]ations felt 9 ,solomon lay ap>t f ! ma9 l9e ( ,jewi% or?odoxy1 & he is nev] m5tion$ by ! prophets47#aid7 ,moreov]1 ! d>k] aspects ( ,solomon's reign made m impression ^u succe$+ g5]ations ?an ev5 ,david's s9s & mis=tunes4 ,occasional lapses into vice & cruelty might be =giv5 or ev5 =gott52 b ! sy/ematic oppression ( ,solomon rankl$ = long g5]ations 9 ! he>ts ( ! p1 & ! prophets always rememb]$ 8 wanton idolatry4 ,8 memory 0 fur!r discr$it$ by ! disa/]s :i* m>k$ ! close ( 8 own reign & ! beg9n+ ( ,rehoboam's4 ,c5turies lat] ^! feel+s /ill prevail$4 ,! prophets :o adapt$ ! ,mosaic law = ! clos+ p]iod ( ! mon>*y exhort ! k+ to take w>n+ by ,solomon1 & to multiply nei!r horses1 nor wives1 nor gold & silv]47#aie7 ,b z "t w5t on ,judah fell into gr[+ pov]ty & di/ress1 :i* came to a head 9 ! ,captivity1 & 7 r5ew$ ) ! ,re/oration4 ,! ,jews 7 will+ to =get ,solomon's faults 9 ord] t !y might indulge 9 fond recollections ( ! mat]ial prosp]ity ( 8 reign4 ,_! exp]i5ce ( ! culture ( ,babylon l$ !m to feel great] int]e/ & pride 9 8 wisdom1 & ! figure ( ,solomon began to assume a my/]i\s gr&eur1 :i* has s9ce become ! nucleus = ,jewi% & ,mohamm$an leg5ds4 ,! *ief monum5t ( 8 fame 9 ,jewi% lit]ature is ! book ( ,prov]bs1 b 8 gr[+ reputation is %[n by ! num]\s ,biblical & apocryphal works ascrib$ to him4 ,8 "n 0 no d\bt atta*$ to ,canticles because ( a feature 9 8 "* :i* ! *ronicl] ignores4 ,8 suppos$ au?or%ip ( ,ecclesia/es & ( ! ,wisdom ( ,solomon te/ifies to ! fame ( 8 wisdom1 :ile ! titles ( ! 8,psalms ( ,solomon0 & ev5 ( "s canonical psalms cr$it him ) spiritual feel+ & poetic p[]47#aif7 ,:5 ! ,wisdom ( ,jesus ! ,son ( ,sira* proposes to 8praise fam\s m510 x dwells ^u ,solomon's temple & 8 weal?1 & especially ^u 8 wisdom2 b x does n =get 8 fail+s47#aig7 ,josephus celebrates 8 glory at great l5g?4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t has comp>atively few notices ( ,solomon2 b ^! include ref]5ces to 8 wisdom17#aih7 8 spl5d\r17#aii7 & 8 temple47#bjj7 ,! ,koran1 h[ev]1 f> surpasses ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 its int]e/ 9 ,solomon2 & 8 "n & 8 seal play a lead+ "p 9 ,jewi% & ,arabian magic4 ,! bulk ( ?is lit]ature is lat] ?an ! *ronicl]1 b ! r5ew$ int]e/ 9 ! glory ( ,solomon mu/ h begun be=e 8 "t4 ,p]haps1 by connect+ ! build+ ( ! ,temple z f> z possible ) ,david1 ! *ronicl] m>ks 8 s5se ( ,solomon's unwor?9ess4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re 7 _m reasons :y he %\ld welcome ! aid ( popul> s5tim5t to enable him to include ,solomon among ! ideal ,hebrew k+s4 ,aft] all1 ,solomon _h built & d$icat$ ! ,temple2 he 0 ! 8pi\s f\nd]10 & ! b5efici>ies ( ! f\ndation w\ld wi% to make ! mo/ ( 8 piety4 8,jehovah0 _h 8magnifi$ ,solomon exce$+ly 9 ! sight ( all ,israel1 & be/[$ ^u him su* royal maje/y z _h n be5 on any k+ be=e him 9 ,israel407#bja7 8,k+ ,solomon exce$$ all ! k+s ( ! e>? 9 ri*es & wisdom2 & all ! k+s ( ! e>? s\ght ! pres5ce ( ,solomon1 to he> 8 wisdom1 :i* ,god _h put 9 8 he>t407#bjb7 ,! *ronicl] w\ld naturally wi% to set =? ! bett] side ( ,solomon's "* z an ideal ( royal wisdom & spl5d\r1 devot$ to ! s]vice ( ! sanctu>y4 ,let u briefly comp>e ,*ronicles & ,k+s to see h[ he accompli%$ 8 purpose4 ,! /ructure ( ! n>rative 9 ,k+s r5d]$ ! task comp>atively easy3 x c\ld be accompli%$ by remov+ ! op5+ & clos+ sections & mak+ a few m9or *anges 9 ! int]m$iate portion4 ,! op5+ section is ! sequel to ! conclusion ( ,david's reign2 ! *ronicl] omitt$ ?is conclusion1 & !re=e also its sequel4 ,b ! cont5ts ( ?is section 7 objectionable 9 !mselves4 ,solomon's admir]s will+ly =get t 8 reign 0 inaugurat$ by ! execution ( ,%imei1 ( 8 bro!r ,adonijah1 & ( 8 fa!r's fai?ful m9i/] ,joab1 & by ! deposition ( ! high-prie/ ,abia?>4 ,! *ronicl] n>rates ) evid5t approval ! /rong measures ( ,ezra & ,nehemiah aga9/ =eign m>riages1 & he is !re=e n anxi\s to rem9d 8 read]s t ,solomon m>ri$ ,ph>aoh's daught]4 ,he does n1 h[ev]1 c>ry out 8 plan consi/5tly4 ,else:]e he wi%es to emphasise ! sanctity ( ! ,ark & tells u t 8,solomon br\ght up ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh out ( ! city ( ,david unto ! h\se t he _h built = h]1 = he said1 ,my wife %all n dwell 9 ! h\se ( ,david1 k+ ( ,israel1 because ! places are holy :]eunto ! ark ( ! ,"l ha? come407#bjc7 ,9 ,k+s ! hi/ory ( ,solomon closes ) a long acc\nt ( 8 num]\s wives & concub9es1 8 idolatry & consequ5t mis=tunes4 ,all ?is is omitt$ by ! *ronicl]2 b lat] on1 ) 8 usual inconsi/5cy1 he all[s ,nehemiah to po9t ! moral ( a tale he has left untold3 8,did n ,solomon1 k+ ( ,israel1 s9 by ^! ?+s8444 ,ev5 him did /range wom5 cause to s9407#bjd7 ,9 ! int]v5+ section he omits ! fam\s judgm5t ( ,solomon1 probably on acc\nt ( ! "* ( ! wom5 conc]n$4 ,he introduces sundry *anges :i* naturally foll[ f 8 belief t ! ,levitical law 0 !n 9 =ce47#bje7 ,8 feel+ = ! dignity ( ! *os5 p & _! k+ comes out r curi\sly 9 two m9or alt]ations4 ,bo? au?orities agree 9 tell+ u t ,solomon _h rec\rse to =c$ lab\r = 8 build+ op]ations2 9 fact1 aft] ! usual ,ea/]n fa%ion f ! ,pyramids d[n to ! ,suez ,canal1 ,solomon's temple & palaces 7 built by ! corve4 ,accord+ to ! olde/ n>rative1 he 8rais$ a levy out ( all ,israel407#bjf7 ,?is sugge/s t =c$ lab\r 0 exact$ f ! ,israelites !mselves1 & x w\ld help to acc\nt = ,j]oboam's successful rebellion4 ,! *ronicl] omits ?is /atem5t z op5 to an int]pretation d]ogatory to ! dignity ( ! *os5 p1 & n only ins]ts a lat] explanation :i* he f\nd 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 b also ano!r express /atem5t t ,solomon rais$ 8 levy ( ! 8/rang]s t 7 9 ! l& ( ,israel407#bjg7 ,^! /atem5ts may h be5 p>tly sugge/$ by ! exi/5ce ( a class ( ,temple slaves call$ ,solomon's s]vants4 ,! o!r in/ance relates to ,solomon's alliance ) ,hiram1 k+ ( ,tyre4 ,9 ! book ( ,k+s we are told t 8,solomon gave ,hiram tw5ty cities 9 ! l& ( ,galilee407#bjh7 ,!re 7 inde$ r$eem+ features connect$ ) ! transaction2 ! cities 7 n a v valuable possession = ,hiram3 8!y pleas$ him n02 yet he 8s5t to ! ,k+ six score tal5ts ( gold40 ,h[ev]1 x seem$ incr$ible to ! *ronicl] t ! mo/ p[]ful & weal?y ( ! k+s ( ,israel %\ld ei!r c$e or sell any portion ( ,jehovah's inh]itance4 ,he em5ds ! text ( 8 au?ority s z to conv]t x into a casual ref]5ce to c]ta9 cities :i* ,hiram _h giv5 to ,solomon47#bji7 ,we w n[ reproduce ! /ory ( ,solomon z giv5 by ! *ronicl]4 ,solomon 0 ! y\nge/ ( f\r sons born to ,david at ,j]usalem by ,ba?-%ua1 ! daught] ( ,ammiel4 ,besides ^! ?ree bro!rs1 he _h at lea/ six o!r eld] bro!rs4 ,z 9 ! cases ( ,isaac1 ,jacob1 ,judah1 & ,david himself1 ! bir?right fell to a y\ng] son4 ,9 ! prophetic utt]ance :i* =etold 8 bir?1 he 0 designat$ to succe$ to 8 fa!r's ?rone & to build ! ,temple4 ,at ! great assembly :i* clos$ 8 fa!r's reign he receiv$ in/ructions z to ! plans & s]vices ( ! ,temple17#baj7 & 0 exhort$ to dis*>ge 8 duties fai?fully4 ,he 0 decl>$ k+ accord+ to ! ,div9e *oice1 freely accept$ by ,david & ratifi$ by popul> acclamation4 ,at ,david's dea? no "o disput$ 8 succession to ! ?rone3 8,all ,israel obey$ him2 & all ! pr9ces & ! mighty m5 & all ! sons likewise ( ,k+ ,david submitt$ !mselves unto ,solomon ! k+407#baa7 ,8 fir/ act aft] 8 accession 0 to sacrifice be=e ! braz5 alt> ( ! anci5t ,tab]nacle at ,gibeon4 ,t night ,god appe>$ unto him 8& said unto him1 ,ask :at ,i %all give !e40 ,solomon *ose wisdom & k to qualify him = ! ardu\s task ( gov]nm5t4 ,hav+ ?us 8s\ght fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god & ,8 righte\sness10 all o!r ?+s--8ri*es1 weal?1 & hon\r0--7 add$ unto him47#bab7 ,he return$ to ,j]usalem1 ga!r$ a great array ( *>iots & horses by means ( traffic ) ,egypt1 & accumulat$ great weal?1 s t silv]1 & gold1 & c$>s became abundant at ,j]usalem47#bac7 ,he next proce$$ ) ! build+ ( ! ,temple1 collect$ workm51 obta9$ timb] f ,lebanon & an artific] f ,tyre4 ,! ,temple 0 duly erect$ & d$icat$1 ! k+ tak+ ! *ief & mo/ conspicu\s "p 9 all ! proce$+s4 ,special ref]5ce1 h[ev]1 is made to ! pres5ce ( ! prie/s & ,levites at ! d$ication4 ,on ?is occasion ! m9i/ry ( ! sanctu>y 0 n conf9$ to ! c\rse ^: turn x 0 to (ficiate1 b 8all ! prie/s t 7 pres5t _h sanctifi$ !mselves & did n keep _! c\rses2 also ! ,levites1 :i* 7 ! s+]s1 all ( !m1 ev5 ,asaph1 ,heman1 ,j$u?un1 & _! sons & _! bre?r51 array$ 9 f9e l951 ) cymbals1 & psalt]ies1 & h>ps1 /ood at ! ea/ end ( ! alt>1 & ) !m a hundr$ & tw5ty prie/s s\nd+ ) trumpets407#bad7 ,solomon's d$ication pray] concludes ) special petitions = ! prie/s1 ! sa9ts1 & ! k+3 8,n[ !re=e arise1 ,o ,jehovah ,elohim1 into ,?y re/+-place1 ,?\ & ! ark ( ,?y /r5g?2 let ,?y prie/s1 ,o ,jehovah ,elohim1 be clo!d ) salvation1 & let ,?y sa9ts rejoice 9 goodness4 ,o ,jehovah ,elohim1 turn n away ! face ( ,?9e ano9t$2 rememb] ! m]cies ( ,david ,?y s]vant407#bae7 ,:5 ,david sacrific$ at ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite1 ! place _h be5 indicat$ z ! site ( ! future ,temple by ! desc5t ( fire f heav52 & n[1 9 tok5 t ! m]cy %[n to ,david %\ld be cont9u$ to ,solomon1 ! fire aga9 fell f heav51 & consum$ ! burnt (f]+ & ! sacrifices2 & ! glory ( ,jehovah 8fill$ ! h\se ( ,jehovah107#baf7 z x _h done e>li] 9 ! day1 :5 ! ,ark 0 br\ght into ! ,temple4 ,solomon conclud$ ! op5+ c]emonies by a great fe/ival3 = eight days ! ,fea/ ( ,tab]nacles 0 obs]v$ accord+ to ! ,levitical law1 & sev5 days m 7 specially devot$ to a d$ication fea/47#bag7 ,aft]w>ds ,jehovah appe>$ aga9 to ,solomon1 z ,he _h be=e at ,gibeon1 & told him t ?is pray] 0 accept$4 ,tak+ up ! sev]al petitions t ! k+ _h (f]$1 ,he promis$1 8,if ,i %ut up heav5 t !re be no ra91 or if ,i s5d pe/il5ce among ,my p2 if ,my p1 :i* are call$ by ,my "n1 %all humble !mselves1 & pray1 & seek ,my face1 & turn f _! wick$ ways2 !n w ,i he> f heav51 & w =give _! s91 & w heal _! l&4 ,n[ ,m9e eyes %all be op51 & ,m9e e>s att5t1 unto ! pray] t is made 9 ?is place40 ,?us ,jehovah1 9 ,8 graci\s condesc5sion1 adopts ,solomon's own words7#bah7 to express ,8 answ] to ! pray]4 ,he all[s ,solomon to dictate ! t]ms ( ! agreem5t1 & m]ely app5ds ,8 signature & seal4 ,besides ! ,temple1 ,solomon built palaces = himself & 8 wife1 & =tifi$ _m cities1 among ! re/ ,hama?-zobah1 =m]ly alli$ to ,david47#bai7 ,he also organis$ ! p = civil & milit>y purposes4 ,z f> z ! acc\nt ( 8 reign is conc]n$1 ! ,solomon ( ,*ronicles appe>s z 8! husb& ( "o wife02 & t wife is ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh4 ,a second1 h[ev]1 is m5tion$ lat] on z ! "m ( ,rehoboam2 %e too 0 a 8/range woman10 an ,ammonitess1 ,naamah by "n4 ,mean:ile ,solomon 0 c>eful to ma9ta9 all ! sacrifices & fe/ivals orda9$ 9 ! ,levitical law1 & all ! musical & o!r arrangem5ts = ! sanctu>y comm&$ by ,david1 ! man ( ,god47#bbj7 ,we read next ( 8 comm]ce by sea & l&1 8 great weal? & wisdom1 & ! romantic visit ( ! que5 ( ,%eba47#bba7 ,& s ! /ory ( ,solomon closes ) ?is picture ( royal /ate1-- 8,! weal? ( ,ormus & ( ,ind1 ,or :]e ! gorge\s ,ea/ ) ri*e/ h& ,%[]s on h] k+s b>b>ic pe>l & gold40 ,weal? 0 comb9$ ) imp]ial p[] & ,div9e wisdom4 ,"h1 z 9 ! case ( ,plato's own pupils ,dionysius & ,dion ( ,syracuse1 ,plato's dream came true2 ! pr9ce 0 a philosoph]1 & ! philosoph] a pr9ce4 ,at fir/ sight x seems z if ?is m>riage ( au?ority & wisdom _h happi] issue at ,j]usalem ?an at ,syracuse4 ,solomon's hi/ory closes z brilliantly z ,david's1 & ,solomon 0 subject to no ,satanic possession & br\ght no pe/il5ce ^u ,israel4 ,b te/imonials are *iefly significant 9 :at !y omit2 & :5 we comp>e ! conclusions ( ! hi/ories ( ,david & ,solomon1 we note sugge/ive diff]5ces4 ,solomon's life does n close ) any sc5e 9 :i* 8 p & 8 heir assemble to d him hon\r & to receive 8 la/ injunctions4 ,!re are no 8la/ words0 ( ! wise k+2 & x is n said ( him t 8he di$ 9 a good old age1 full ( days1 ri*es1 & hon\r40 8,solomon slept ) 8 fa!rs1 & he 0 buri$ 9 ! city ( ,david 8 fa!r2 & ,rehoboam 8 son reign$ 9 8 /ead07#bbb73 t is all4 ,:5 ! *ronicl]1 ! pr(ess$ panegyri/ ( ! h\se ( ,david1 br+s 8 n>rative ( ?is great reign to s lame & impot5t a conclusion1 he really implies z sev]e a condemnation ^u ,solomon z ! book ( ,k+s does by its n>rative ( 8 s9s4 ,?us ! ,solomon ( ,*ronicles %[s ! same piety & devotion to ! ,temple & its ritual :i* 7 %[n by 8 fa!r4 ,8 pray] at ! d$ication ( ! ,temple is p>allel to simil> utt]ances ( ,david4 ,in/ead ( be+ a g5]al & a soldi]1 he is a s*ol> & a philosoph]4 ,he succe$$ to ! adm9i/rative abilities ( 8 fa!r2 & 8 pray] displays a deep int]e/ 9 ! welf>e ( 8 subjects4 ,8 record--9 ,*ronicles--is ev5 m faultless ?an t ( ,david4 ,& yet ! c>eful /ud5t ) no?+ b ,*ronicles1 ev5 )\t ,ezra & ,nehemiah1 might someh[ get ! impression t ! /ory ( ,solomon1 l t ( ,cambuscan1 _h be5 8left half told40 ,9 addition to ! po9ts sugge/$ by a comp>ison ) ! hi/ory ( ,david1 !re is a c]ta9 abruptness ab\t its conclusion4 ,! la/ fact not$ ( ,solomon1 be=e ! =mal /ati/ics ab\t 8! re/ ( 8 acts0 & ! ye>s ( 8 reign1 is t horses 7 br\ght = him 8out ( ,egypt & out ( all l&s40 ,else:]e ! *ronicl]'s use ( 8 mat]ials %[s a feel+ = dramatic effect4 ,we %\ld n h expect$ him to close ! hi/ory ( a great reign by a ref]5ce to ! k+'s trade 9 horses47#bbc7 ,p]haps we are apt to read into ,*ronicles :at we "k f ! book ( ,k+s2 yet surely ?is abrupt conclusion w\ld h rais$ a suspicion t !re 7 omissions1 t facts _h be5 suppress$ because !y c\ld n be> ! light4 ,^u ! spl5did figure ( ! great k+1 ) 8 weal? & wisdom1 8 piety & devotion1 re/s ! vague %ad[ ( unnam$ s9s & unrecord$ mis=tunes4 ,a sugge/ion ( unhall[$ my/]y atta*es itself to ! "n ( ! build] ( ! ,temple1 & ,solomon is already on ! way to become ! ,ma/] ( ! ,g5ii & ! *ief ( magicians47#bbd7 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,solomon 7cont9u$74 ,:5 we turn to consid] ! spiritual significance ( ?is ideal picture ( ! hi/ory & "* ( ,solomon1 we are confront$ by a difficulty t att5ds ! exposition ( any ideal hi/ory4 ,an au?or's ideal ( k+%ip 9 ! e>ly /ages ( lit]ature is usually z mu* "o & indivisible z 8 ideal ( prie/hood1 ( ! (fice ( ! prophet1 & ( ! wick$ k+4 ,8 au?orities may record diff]5t incid5ts 9 connection ) ea* individual2 b he emphasises ^? :i* correspond ) 8 ideal1 or ev5 anticipates ! high] criticism by con/ruct+ incid5ts :i* seem requir$ by ! "* & circum/ances ( 8 h]oes4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :]e ! prie/1 or ! prophet1 or ! k+ dep>ts f ! ideal1 ! incid5ts are m9imis$ or pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce4 ,!re w /ill be a c]ta9 v>iety because diff]5t individuals may pres5t diff]5t elem5ts ( ! ideal1 & ! *ronicl] does n insi/ on ea* ( 8 good k+s possess+ all ! *>act]i/ics ( royal p]fection4 ,/ill ! t5d5cy ( ! process is to make all ! good k+s alike4 ,x w\ld be monoton\s to take ea* ( !m sep>ately & d$uce ! lessons taught by _! virtues1 because ! *ronicl]'s int5tion is t !y %all all tea* ! same lessons by ! same k9d ( behavi\r describ$ f ! same po9t ( view4 ,david has a unique position1 & has to be tak5 by himself2 b 9 consid]+ ! features t mu/ be add$ to ! picture ( ,david 9 ord] to complete ! picture ( ! good k+1 x is conv5i5t to gr\p ,solomon ) ! re=m+ k+s ( ,judah4 ,we %all !re=e def] = m consecutive treatm5t ! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( _! g5]al *>act]s & c>e]s4 ,"h we %all m]ely ga!r up ! sugge/ions ( ! diff]5t n>ratives z to ! *ronicl]'s ideal ,hebrew k+4 ,! lead+ po9ts h already be5 indicat$ f ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ,david4 ,! fir/ & mo/ indisp5sable feature is devotion to ! temple at ,j]usalem & ! ritual ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,?is has be5 abundantly illu/rat$ f ! acc\nt ( ,solomon4 ,tak+ ! re=m+ k+s 9 _! ord]3-- ,asa remov$ ! high places :i* 7 rivals ( ! ,temple17#bbe7 r5ew$ ! alt> ( ,jehovah1 ga!r$ ! p toge!r = a great sacrifice17#bbf7 & made munific5t donations to ! ,temple treasury47#bbg7 ,simil>ly ,jeho%aphat took away ! high places17#bbh7 & s5t out a commission to tea* ! ,law47#bbi7 ,joa% repair$ ! ,temple7#bcj72 b1 curi\sly en\gh1 ?\gh ,jehoram _h re/or$ ! high places7#bca7 & ,joa% 0 act+ "u ! direction ( ! high-prie/ ,jehoiada1 x is n /at$ t ! high places 7 done away )4 ,?is is "o ( ! *ronicl]'s r num]\s ov]sights4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 he expect$ t s obvi\s a re=m w\ld be tak5 = grant$4 ,amaziah 0 c>eful to obs]ve 8! law 9 ! book ( ,moses0 t 8! *ildr5 %\ld n die = ! fa!rs107#bcb7 b ,amaziah soon turn$ away f foll[+ ,jehovah4 ,?is is p]haps ! reason :y 9 8 case also no?+ is said ab\t do+ away ) ! high places4 ,hezekiah _h a special opportunity ( %[+ 8 devotion to ! ,temple & ! ,law4 ,! ,temple _h be5 pollut$ & clos$ by ,ahaz1 & its s]vices discont9u$4 ,hezekiah purifi$ ! ,temple1 re9/at$ ! prie/s & ,levites1 & r5ew$ ! s]vices2 he made arrangem5ts = ! paym5t ( ! ,temple rev5ues accord+ to ! provisions ( ! ,levitical law1 & took away ! high places4 ,he also held a reop5+ fe/ival & a passov] ) num]\s sacrifices47#bcc7 ,manasseh's rep5tance is indicat$ by ! re/oration ( ! ,temple ritual47#bcd7 ,josiah took away ! high places1 repair$ ! ,temple1 made ! p ent] into a cov5ant to obs]ve ! r$iscov]$ ,law1 &1 l ,hezekiah1 held a great passov]47#bce7 ,! re=m+ k+s1 l ,david & ,solomon1 are specially int]e/$ 9 ! music ( ! ,temple & 9 all ! arrangem5ts t h to d ) ! port]s & doorkeep]s & o!r classes ( ,levites4 ,_! en?usiasm = ! exclusive rights ( ! "o ,temple symbolises _! loyalty to ! "o ,god1 ,jehovah1 & _! hatr$ ( idolatry4 ,zeal = ,jehovah & ,8 temple is /ill comb9$ ) uncompromis+ ass]tion ( ! royal supremacy 9 matt]s ( religion4 ,! k+1 & n ! prie/1 is ! highe/ spiritual au?ority 9 ! nation4 ,solomon1 ,hezekiah1 & ,josiah control ! arrangem5ts = public wor%ip z completely z ,moses or ,david4 ,solomon receives ,div9e communications )\t ! int]v5tion ( ei!r prie/ or prophet2 he himself (f]s ! great d$ication pray]1 & :5 he makes an end ( pray+1 fire comes d[n f heav54 ,"u ,hezekiah ! civil au?orities decide :5 ! passov] %all be obs]v$3 8,= ! k+ _h tak5 c\nsel1 & 8 pr9ces1 & all ! congregation 9 ,j]usalem1 to keep ! passov] 9 ! second mon?407#bcf7 ,! great re=ms ( ,josiah are ?r\gh\t initiat$ & controll$ by ! k+4 ,he himself goes up to ! ,temple & reads 9 ! e>s ( ! p all ! words ( ! book ( ! cov5ant t 0 f\nd 9 ! h\se ( ,jehovah4 ,! *ronicl] /ill adh]es to ! primitive idea ( ! !ocracy1 accord+ to :i* ! *ief1 or judge1 or k+ is ! repres5tative ( ,jehovah4 ,! title to ! cr[n re/s ?r\gh\t on ! grace ( ,god & ! w ( ! p4 ,9 ,judah1 h[ev]1 ! pr9ciple ( h]$it>y succession prevails ?r\gh\t4 ,a?aliah is n really an exception3 %e reign$ z ! wid[ ( a ,davidic k+4 ,! d\ble election ( ,david by ,jehovah & by ,israel c>ri$ ) x ! election ( 8 dyna/y4 ,! p]man5t rule ( ! h\se ( ,david 0 secur$ by ! ,div9e promise to its f\nd]4 ,yet ! title is n all[$ to re/ on m]e h]$it>y "r4 ,div9e *oice & popul> recognition are record$ 9 ! case ( ,solomon & o!r k+s4 8,all ,israel came to ,%e*em to make ,rehoboam k+10 & yet revolt$ f him :5 he refus$ to accept _! conditions2 b ! ob/9acy :i* caus$ ! disruption 80 br\ght ab\t ( ,god1 t ,jehovah might e/abli% ,8 ^w :i* ,he spake by ! h& ( ,ahijah ! ,%ilonite40 ,ahaziah1 ,joa%1 ,uzziah1 ,josiah1 ,jehoahaz1 7 all set ^u ! ?rone by ! inhabitants ( ,judah & ,j]usalem47#bcg7 ,aft] ,solomon ! ,div9e appo9tm5t ( k+s is n expressly m5tion$2 ,jehovah's control ov] ! t5ure ( ! ?rone is *iefly %[n by ! removal ( unwor?y occupants4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ! *ronicl] does n hesitate to record t ( ! la/ ?ree sov]eigns ( ,judah two 7 appo9t$ by =eign k+s3 ,jehoiakim 0 ! nom9ee ( ,ph>aoh ,neco1 k+ ( ,egypt2 & ! la/ k+ ( all1 ,z$ekiah1 0 appo9t$ by ,nebu*adnezz>1 k+ ( ,babylon4 ,9 l mann]1 ! ,h]ods1 ! la/ rul]s ( ! re/or$ k+dom ( ,judah1 7 ! nom9ees ( ! ,roman emp]ors4 ,su* nom9ations =cibly illu/rate ! degradations & ru9 ( ! !ocratic mon>*y4 ,b yet1 accord+ to ! tea*+ ( ! prophets1 ,ph>aoh & ,nebu*adnezz> 7 tools 9 ! h& ( ,jehovah2 & _! nom9ation 0 /ill an indirect ,div9e appo9tm5t4 ,9 ! *ronicl]'s "t1 h[ev]1 ,judah 0 ?or\ghly accu/om$ to receive h] gov]nors f a ,p]sian or ,greek k+2 & ,jewi% read]s w\ld n be sc&alis$ by a simil> /ate ( affairs 9 ! clos+ ye>s ( ! e>li] k+dom4 ,?us ! re=m+ k+s illu/rate ! ideal k+%ip set =? 9 ! hi/ory ( ,david & ,solomon3 ! royal au?ority orig9ates 91 & is controll$ by1 ! w ( ,god & ! cons5t ( ! p2 ! k+'s highe/ duty is ! ma9t5ance ( ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah2 b ! k+ & p are supreme bo? 9 ,*ur* & /ate4 ,! p]sonal "* ( ! good k+s is also v simil> to t ( ,david & ,solomon4 ,jeho%aphat1 ,hezekiah1 & ,josiah are m5 ( spiritual feel+ z well z c>eful obs]v]s ( correct ritual4 ,none ( ! good k+s1 ) ! exception ( ,joa% & ,josiah1 are unsuccessful 9 w>2 & good reasons are giv5 = ! exceptions4 ,!y all display adm9i/rative ability by _! build+s1 ! organisation ( ! ,temple s]vices & ! army1 & ! arrangem5ts = ! collection ( ! rev5ue1 especially ! dues ( ! prie/s & ,levites4 ,!re is no?+1 h[ev]1 to indicate t ! p]sonal *>m ( ,david's "* 0 inh]it$ by 8 desc5dants2 b :5 biography is made m]ely a means ( edification1 x (t5 loses ^? t\*es ( nature :i* make ! :ole _w k91 & are capable ( excit+ ei!r admiration or disgu/4 ,! lat] n>rative af=ds ano!r illu/ration ( ! abs5ce ( any s5tim5t ( humanity t[>ds enemies4 ,z 9 ! case ( ,david1 ! *ronicl] records ! cruelty ( a good k+ z if x 7 q consi/5t ) loyalty to ,jehovah4 ,be=e he turn$ away f foll[+ ,jehovah1 ,am>iah defeat$ ! ,edomites & smote t5 ?\s& ( !m4 ,o!rs 7 treat$ l "s ( ! ,malagasy m>tyrs3 8,& o!r t5 ?\s& did ! *ildr5 ( ,judah c>ry away alive1 & br\ght !m unto ! top ( ! rock1 & ca/ !m d[n f ! top ( ! rock1 t !y all 7 brok5 9 pieces407#bch7 ,9 ?is case1 h[ev]1 ! *ronicl] is n simply reproduc+ ,k+s3 he has tak5 ! tr\ble to supplem5t 8 ma9 au?ority f "s o!r s\rce1 probably local tradition4 ,8 ins]tion ( ?is v]se is ano!r te/imony to ! undy+ hatr$ ( ,israel = ,edom4 ,b 9 "o respect ! re=m+ k+s are %>ply di/+ui%$ f ,david & ,solomon4 ,! record ( _! lives is by no means blameless1 & _! s9s are visit$ by condign *a/isem5t4 ,!y all1 ) ! s+le exception ( ,jo?am1 come to a bad end4 ,asa consult$ physicians1 & 0 puni%$ by be+ all[$ to die ( a pa9ful disease47#bci7 ,! la/ ev5t ( ,jeho%aphat's life 0 ! ru9 ( ! navy1 :i* he _h built 9 unholy alliance ) ,ahaziah1 k+ ( ,israel1 :o did v wick$ly47#bdj7 ,joa% murd]$ ! prophet ,ze*>iah1 ! son ( ! high-prie/ ,jehoiada2 8 great ho/ 0 r\t$ by a small company ( ,syrians1 & ,joa% himself 0 assass9at$ by 8 s]vants47#bda7 ,amaziah turn$ away f foll[+ ,jehovah1 & 8br\ght ! gods ( ! *ildr5 ( ,seir1 & set !m up to be 8 gods1 & b[$ d[n himself be=e !m1 & burn$ inc5se unto !m40 ,he 0 accord+ly defeat$ by ,joa%1 k+ ( ,israel1 & assass9at$ by 8 own p47#bdb7 ,uzziah insi/$ on ex]cis+ ! prie/ly function ( burn+ inc5se to ,jehovah1 & s di$ a lep]47#bdc7 8,ev5 ,hezekiah r5d]$ n aga9 accord+ to ! b5efit done unto him1 = 8 he>t 0 lift$ up 9 ! bus9ess ( ambassadors ( ! pr9ces ( ,babylon2 !re=e !re 0 wra? ^u him & ^u ,judah & ,j]usalem4 ,not)/&+ ,hezekiah humbl$ himself = ! pride ( 8 he>t1 bo? he & ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 s t ! wra? ( ,jehovah came n ^u !m 9 ! days ( ,hezekiah40 ,b yet ! la/ days ( ,hezekiah 7 cl\d$ by ! ?\ght t he 0 leav+ ! puni%m5t ( 8 s9 z a legacy to ,judah & ! h\se ( ,david47#bdd7 ,josiah refus$ to he$ ! w>n+ s5t to him by ,god ?r\gh ! k+ ( ,egypt3 8,he he>k5$ n unto ! words ( ,neco f ! m\? ( ,god1 & came to fight 9 ! valley ( ,megiddo02 & s ,josiah di$ l ,ahab3 he 0 w\nd$ by ! ar*]s1 c>ri$ out ( ! battle 9 8 *>iot1 & di$ at ,j]usalem47#bde7 ,! melan*oly record ( ! mis=tunes ( ! good k+s 9 _! clos+ ye>s is also f\nd 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,!re too ,asa 9 8 old age 0 diseas$ 9 8 feet1 ,jeho%aphat's %ips 7 wreck$1 ,joa% & ,amaziah 7 assass9at$1 ,uzziah became a lep]1 ,hezekiah 0 rebuk$ = 8 pride1 & ,josiah sla9 at ,megiddo4 ,b1 except 9 ! case ( ,hezekiah1 ! book ( ,k+s says no?+ ab\t ! s9s :i*1 accord+ to ,*ronicles1 occasion$ ^! suff]+s & cata/rophes4 ,! n>rative 9 ! book ( ,k+s c>ries ^u ! face ( x ! lesson t piety is n usually rew>d$ ) unbrok5 prosp]ity1 & t a pi\s c>e] does n necess>ily ensure a happy dea?b$4 ,! significance ( ! *ronicl]'s additions w be consid]$ else:]e2 :at conc]ns u "h is 8 dep>ture f ! pr9ciples he obs]v$ 9 deal+ ) ! lives ( ,david & ,solomon4 ,!y also s9n$ & suff]$2 b ! *ronicl] omits _! s9s & suff]+s1 especially 9 ! case ( ,solomon4 ,:y does he pursue an opposite c\rse ) o!r good k+s & black5 _! *>act]s by p]petuat+ ! memory ( s9s n m5tion$ 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 in/ead ( conf9+ 8 record to ! happi] incid5ts ( _! c>e]8 ,_m consid]ations may h influ5c$ him4 ,! viol5t dea?s ( ,joa%1 ,amaziah1 & ,josiah c\ld nei!r be ignor$ nor expla9$ away4 ,hezekiah's s9 & rep5tance are closely p>allel to ,david's 9 ! matt] ( ! c5sus4 ,al?\gh ,asa's disease1 ,jeho%aphat's alliance ) ,israel1 & ,uzziah's leprosy might easily h be5 omitt$1 yet1 if "s re=m]s mu/ be all[$ to rema9 imp]fect1 !re 0 no imp]ative necessity to ignore ! infirmities ( ! re/4 ,! great advantage ( ! c\rse pursu$ by ! *ronicl] consi/$ 9 br++ out a cle>ly def9$ contra/ betwe5 ,david & ,solomon on ! "o h& & ! re=m+ k+s on ! o!r4 ,! piety ( ! latt] is con=m$ to ! *ronicl]'s ideal2 b ! glory & devotion ( ! =m] are enhanc$ by ! crimes & humiliation ( ! be/ ( _! successors4 ,hezekiah1 d\btless1 is n m culpable ?an ,david1 b ,david's pride 0 ! fir/ ( a s]ies ( ev5ts :i* t]m9at$ 9 ! build+ ( ! ,temple2 :ile ! uplift+ ( ,hezekiah's he>t 0 a precursor ( its de/ruction4 ,besides1 ,hezekiah ought to h prompt$ by ,david's exp]i5ce4 ,by develop+ ?is contra/1 ! *ronicl] r5d]s ! position ( ,david & ,solomon ev5 m unique1 illu/ri\s1 & full ( religi\s significance4 ,?us z illu/rations ( ideal k+%ip ! acc\nts ( ! good k+s ( ,judah are altoge!r subord9ate to ! hi/ory ( ,david & ,solomon4 ,:ile ^! k+s ( ,judah rema9 loyal to ,jehovah1 !y fur!r illu/rate ! virtues ( _! great pr$ecessors by %[+ h[ ^! virtues might h be5 ex]cis$ "u diff]5t circum/ances3 h[ ,david w\ld h dealt ) an ,e?iopian invasion & :at ,solomon w\ld h done if he _h f\nd ! ,temple desecrat$ & its s]vices /opp$4 ,b no ess5tial feature is add$ to ! e>li] pictures4 ,! lapses ( k+s :o began to walk 9 ! law ( ! ,"l & !n fell away s]ve z foils to ! undimm$ glory ( ,david & ,solomon4 ,abrupt transitions )9 ! limits ( ! individual lives ( ,asa1 ,joa%1 & ,amaziah br+ out ! contra/ betwe5 piety & apo/acy ) />tl+1 dramatic effect4 ,we return f ?is brief survey to consid] ! significance ( ! life ( ,solomon accord+ to ,*ronicles4 ,its relation to ! life ( ,david is summ$ up 9 ! "n ,solomon1 ! ,pr9ce ( peace4 ,david is ! ideal k+1 w9n+ by =ce ( arms = ,israel empire & victory1 security at home & tribute f abroad4 ,utt]ly subdu$ by 8 pr[ess1 ! natural enemies ( ,israel no long] v5ture to di/urb h] tranquillity4 ,8 successor inh]its wide dom9ion1 imm5se weal?1 & assur$ peace4 ,solomon1 ! ,pr9ce ( peace1 is ! ideal k+1 adm9i/]+ a great inh]itance = ! glory ( ,jehovah & ,8 temple4 ,8 hi/ory 9 ,*ronicles is "o ( unbrok5 calm4 ,he has a great army & _m /rong =tresses1 b he nev] has occasion to use !m4 ,he implores ,jehovah to be m]ciful to ,israel :5 !y suff] f ! horrors ( w>2 b he is int]c$+1 n = 8 own subjects1 b = future g5]ations4 ,9 8 "t-- 8,no w> or battle's s\nd ,0 he>d ! _w ar\nd3 ,! idle spe> & %ield 7 high uphung2 ,! hookd *>iot /ood ,un/a9$ ) ho/ile blood2 ,! trumpet spake n to ! armd ?rong407#bdf7 ,p]haps1 to use a p>adox1 ! greate/ pro( ( ,solomon's wisdom 0 t he ask$ = wisdom4 ,he realis$ at ! outset ( 8 c>e] t a wide dom9ion is m easily won ?an gov]n$1 t to use great weal? hon\rably requires m skill & "* ?an are ne$$ to amass x4 ,to-day ! _w c boa/ half a doz5 empires surpass+ n m]ely ,israel1 b ev5 ,rome1 9 ext5t ( dom9ion2 ! aggregate weal? ( ! _w is f> beyond ! wilde/ dreams ( ! *ronicl]3 b /ill ! p p]i% = lack ( k4 ,! physical & moral f\lness ( mod]n cities ta9ts all ! culture & t>ni%es all ! spl5d\r ( our civilisation2 classes & trades1 employ]s & employ$1 maim & cru% "o ano!r 9 bl9d /ruggles to "w out a selfi% salvation2 newly devis$ organisations move _! unwieldy masses-- 8444 l dragons ( ! prime ,t t>e ea* o!r407#bdg7 ,!y h a giant's /r5g?1 & use x l a giant4 ,k comes1 b wisdom l+]s2 & ! _w waits = ! reign ( ! ,pr9ce ( peace :o is n only ! wise k+1 b ! inc>nate wisdom ( ,god4 ,?us "o /rik+ sugge/ion ( ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ,solomon is ! special ne$ ( wisdom & ,div9e guidance = ! adm9i/ration ( a great & prosp]\s empire4 ,too mu* /ress1 h[ev]1 mu/ n be laid on ! tw(old p]sonality ( ! ideal k+4 ,?is feature is adopt$ f ! hi/ory1 & does n express any op9ion ( ! *ronicl] t ! *>act]i/ic gifts ( ,david & ,solomon c\ld n be comb9$ 9 a s+le individual4 ,_m great g5]als h also be5 successful adm9i/rators4 ,be=e ,julius ,cs> 0 assass9at$ he _h already %[n 8 capacity to re/ore ord] & tranquillity to ! ,roman _w2 ,alex&]'s plans = ! civil gov]nm5t ( 8 conque/s 7 z f>-rea*+ z 8 w>like ambition2 ,diocletian reorganis$ ! empire :i* 8 sword _h re-e/abli%$2 ,cromwell's s*emes ( re=m %[$ an almo/ prophetic insight into ! future ne$s ( ! ,engli% p2 ! glory ( ,napoleon's victories is a d\btful legacy to ,france comp>$ ) ! solid b5efits ( 8 int]nal re=ms4 ,b ev5 ^! in/ances1 :i* illu/rate ! union ( milit>y g5ius & adm9i/rative ability1 rem9d u t ! assignm5t ( success 9 w> to "o k+ & a reign ( peace to ! next is1 aft] all1 typical4 ,! limits ( human life n>r[ its possibilities4 ,cs>'s "w _h to be complet$ by ,augu/us2 ! great s*emes ( ,alex&] & ,cromwell fell to ! gr\nd because no "o arose to play ,solomon to _! ,david4 ,! *ronicl] has specially emphasis$ ! indebt$ness ( ,solomon to ,david4 ,accord+ to 8 n>rative1 ! great a*ievem5t ( ,solomon's reign1 ! build+ ( ! ,temple1 has be5 r5d]$ possible by ,david's prep>ations4 ,q ap>t f plans & mat]ials1 ! *ronicl]'s view ( ! cr$it due to ,david 9 ?is matt] is only a reasonable recognition ( s]vice r5d]$ to ! religion ( ,israel4 ,:oev] provid$ ! timb] & /one1 ! silv] & gold1 = ! ,temple1 ,david won = ,jehovah ! l& & ! city t 7 ! out] c\rts ( ! sanctu>y1 & r\s$ ! national _s t gave to ,zion its mo/ solemn consecration4 ,solomon's temple 0 alike ! symbol ( ,david's a*ievem5ts & ! cop+-/one ( 8 "w4 ,by compell+ our att5tion to ! dep5d5ce ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace ^u ! man :o 8_h %$ mu* blood10 ! *ronicl] admoni%es u aga9/ =gett+ ! price t has be5 paid = lib]ty & culture4 ,! spl5did c\rti]s ^: 8app>el0 specially pleas$ ! fem99e ta/es ( ! que5 ( ,%eba might feel all ! contempt ( ! sup]ior p]son = ,david's w>-worn vet]ans4 ,! latt] probably 7 m at home 9 ! 8/ore cities0 ?an at ,j]usalem4 ,b )\t ! blood & toil ( ^! r\gh soldi]s ,solomon w\ld h _h no opportunity to ex*ange riddles ) 8 fair visitor & to dazzle h] admir+ eyes ) ! glories ( 8 temple & palaces4 ,! bless+s ( peace are n likely to be pres]v$ unless m5 /ill appreciate & *]i% ! /]n virtues t fl\ri% 9 tr\bl$ times4 ,if our own times become tr\bl$1 & _! s]5ity be invad$ by fi]ce conflict1 x w be ours to rememb] t ! rugg$ life ( 8! hold 9 ! wild]ness0 & ! /ruggles ) ! ,phili/9es may enable a lat] g5]ation to build its temple to ! ,"l & to le>n ! answ]s to 8h>d que/ions407#bdh7 ,moses & ,jo%ua1 ,david & ,solomon1 rem9d u aga9 h[ ! ,div9e "w is h&$ on f g5]ation to g5]ation3 ,moses leads ,israel ?r\gh ! wild]ness1 b ,jo%ua br+s !m into ! ,l& ( ,promise2 ,david collects ! mat]ials1 b ,solomon builds ! ,temple4 ,! settlem5t 9 ,pale/9e & ! build+ ( ! ,temple 7 only episodes 9 ! work+ out ( ! 8"o increas+ purpose10 b "o lead] & "o life-"t did n suffice = ei!r episode4 ,we gr[ impati5t ( ! scale ^u :i* ,god works3 we want x r$uc$ to ! limits ( our human faculties & ( our e>?ly lives2 yet all hi/ory prea*es pati5ce4 ,9 our dem& = ,div9e int]v5tions :]eby-- 8444 sudd5 9 a m9ute ,all is accompli%$1 & ! "w is done10 we are v ,esaus1 eag] to sell ! bir?right ( ! future = a mess ( pottage to-day4 ,& ! cont9uity ( ! ,div9e purpose is only realis$ ?r\gh ! cont9uity ( human ef=t4 ,we mu/ inde$ s]ve our own g5]ation2 b "p ( t s]vice consi/s 9 provid+ t ! next g5]ation %all be tra9$ to c>ry on ! "w1 & t aft] ,david %all come ,solomon--! ,solomon ( ,*ronicles1 & n ! ,solomon ( ,k+s--& t1 if possible1 ,solomon %all n be succe$$ by ,rehoboam4 ,z we atta9 ?is l>g] outlook1 we %all be less tempt$ to employ d\btful means1 :i* are suppos$ to be ju/ifi$ by _! end2 we %all be less en?usia/ic = processes t br+ 8quick returns10 b give v 8small pr(its0 9 ! long run4 ,*ri/ian work]s are a little too fond ( spiritual j]ry-build+1 z if sites 9 ! k+dom ( heav5 7 let out on n9ety-n9e-ye> leases2 b ,god builds = et]nity1 & we are fell[-work]s toge!r ) ,him4 ,to complete ! *ronicl]'s picture ( ! ideal k+1 we h to add ,david's w>like pr[ess & ,solomon's wisdom & spl5d\r to ! piety & graces common to bo?4 ,! result is unique among ! _m pictures t h be5 drawn by hi/orians1 philosoph]s1 & poets4 ,x has a value ( its own1 because ! *ronicl]'s gifts 9 ! way ( hi/ory1 philosophy1 & poetry 7 entirely subord9at$ to 8 int]e/ 9 !ology2 & mo/ !ologians h only be5 int]e/$ 9 ! doctr9e ( ! k+ :5 !y c\ld use x to gratify ! vanity ( a royal patron4 ,! full-l5g? portrait 9 ,*ronicles contra/s curi\sly ) ! little vignette pres]v$ 9 ! book :i* be>s ! "n ( ,solomon4 ,!re1 9 ! oracle :i* ,k+ ,lemuel's "m taught him1 ! k+ is simply admoni%$ to avoid /range wom5 & /rong dr9k1 to 8judge righte\sly1 & m9i/] judgm5t to ! poor & ne$y407#bdi7 ,to pass to m mod]n !ology1 ! !ory ( ! k+ t is impli$ 9 ,*ronicles has mu* 9 common ) ,wyclif's doctr9e ( dom9ion3 !y bo? recognise ! sanctity ( ! royal p[] & its temporal supremacy1 & !y bo? hold t ob$i5ce to ,god is ! condition ( ! cont9u$ ex]cise ( legitimate rule4 ,b ! prie/ ( ,lutt]wor? 0 less ecclesia/ical & m democratic ?an our ,levite4 ,a m or?odox au?ority on ! ,prote/ant doctr9e ( ! k+ w\ld be ! ,?irty-n9e ,articles4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 deal ) ! subject some:at slightly4 ,z f> z !y g1 !y are 9 h>mony ) ! *ronicl]4 ,!y ass]t ! unqualifi$ supremacy ( ! k+1 bo? ecclesia/ical & civil4 ,ev5 8g5]al c\ncils may n be ga!r$ toge!r )\t ! comm&m5t & w ( pr9ces407#bej7 ,on ! o!r h&1 pr9ces are n to imitate ,uzziah 9 presum+ to ex]cise ! prie/ly function ( (f]+ inc5se3 !y are n to m9i/] ,god's ^w or sacram5ts4 ,outside !ology ! ideal ( ! k+ has be5 /at$ ) great] fulness & fre$om1 b n _m ( ! pictures drawn h mu* 9 common ) ! *ronicl]'s ,david & ,solomon4 ,ma*iavelli's pr9ce & ,bol+broke's patriot k+ belong to a diff]5t _w2 moreov]1 _! me?od is philosophical1 & n hi/orical3 !y /ate a !ory r ?an draw a picture4 ,t5nyson's ,ar?ur is1 :at he himself calls him1 an 8ideal knight0 r ?an an ideal k+4 ,p]haps ! be/ p>allels to ,david are to be f\nd 9 ! ,cyrus ( ! ,greek hi/orians & philosoph]s & ! ,alfr$ ( ,engli% /ory4 ,alfr$ inde$ comb9es _m ( ! features bo? ( ,david & ,solomon3 he secur$ ,engli% unity1 & 0 ! f\nd] ( ,engli% culture & lit]ature2 he _h a ke5 int]e/ 9 ecclesia/ical affairs1 great gifts ( adm9i/ration1 & mu* p]sonal attractiv5ess4 ,cyrus1 aga91 specially illu/rates :at we may call ! po/hum\s =tunes ( ,david3 8 "n /ood = ! ideal ( k+%ip ) bo? ,greeks & ,p]sians1 & 9 ! ,cyropdia 8 life & "* are made ! basis ( a picture ( ! ideal k+4 ,_m po9ts are ( c\rse common to almo/ all su* pictures2 !y portray ! k+ z a capable & b5evol5t rul] & a man ( high p]sonal "*4 ,! di/9ctive *>act]i/ic ( ,*ronicles is ! /ress laid on ! piety ( ! k+1 8 c>e = ! hon\r ( ,god & ! spiritual welf>e ( 8 subjects4 ,if ! practical influ5ce ( ?is tea*+ has n be5 altoge!r b5efic5t1 x is because m5 h too inv>iably connect$ spiritual pr(it ) organisation1 & c]emonies1 & =ms ( words1 s\nd or o!rwise4 ,b to-day ! doctr9e ( ! /ate takes ! place ( ! doctr9e ( ! k+4 ,in/ead ( ,cyropdias we h ,utopias4 ,we are ask$ sometimes to look back1 n to an ideal k+1 b to an ideal commonweal?1 to ! age ( ! ,anton9es or to "s happy c5tury ( ,engli% hi/ory :5 we are told t ! human race or ! ,engli% p 7 8mo/ happy & prosp]\s02 (t5] we are invit$ to contemplate an imag9>y future4 ,we may add to ^? already made "o or two fur!r applications ( ! *ronicl]'s pr9ciples to ! mod]n /ate4 ,8 me?od sugge/s t ! p]fect society w h ! virtues ( our actual life )\t its vices1 & t ! possibilities ( ! future are be/ div9$ f a c>eful /udy ( ! pa/4 ,! devotion ( 8 k+s to ! ,temple symbolises ! tru? t ! ideal /ate is impossible )\t recognition ( a ,div9e pres5ce & ob$i5ce to a ,div9e w4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,! ,wick$ ,k+s4 #b ,*ron4 xxviii41 etc4 ,! type ( ! wick$ k+ is n work$ out ) any fulness 9 ,*ronicles4 ,!re are wick$ k+s1 b no "o is rais$ to ! 8bad em95ce0 ( an evil c\nt]p>t to ,david2 !re is no anti-,david1 s to speak1 no prototype ( anti*ri/4 ,! /ory ( ,ahaz1 = in/ance1 is n giv5 at ! same l5g? & ) ! same weal? ( detail z t ( ,david4 ,! subject 0 n s cong5ial to ! k9dly he>t ( ! *ronicl]4 ,he 0 n imbu$ ) ! unhappy _s ( mod]n realism1 :i* loves to dwell on all t is f\l & gha/ly 9 life & "*2 he l+]$ affectionately ov] 8 h]oes1 & cont5t$ himself ) brief notices ( 8 villa9s4 ,9 s do+ he 0 l>gely foll[+ 8 ma9 au?ority3 ! books ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,!re too ! /ories ( ,david & ,solomon1 ( ,elijah & ,eli%a1 are told mu* m fully ?an ^? ( ,j]oboam & ,ahab4 ,b ! m5tion ( ^! names rem9ds u t ! *ronicl]'s limitation ( 8 subject to ! hi/ory ( ,judah excludes mu* ( ! mat]ial t might h be5 drawn f ! e>li] hi/ory = a picture ( ! wick$ k+4 ,if x _h be5 "p ( ! *ronicl]'s plan to tell ! /ory ( ,ahab1 he might h be5 l$ to develop 8 mat]ial & moralise ^u ! k+'s c>e] till ! n>rative assum$ proportions t w\ld h rivall$ ! hi/ory ( ,david4 ,ov] aga9/ ! great sc5e t clos$ ,david's life might h be5 set ano!r summ+ up 9 "o dramatic mom5t ! guilt & ru9 ( ,ahab4 ,b ^! s*ismatic k+s 7 8ali5at$ f ! commonweal? ( ,israel & /rang]s f ! cov5ants ( ! promise1 hav+ no hope & )\t ,god 9 ! _w407#bea7 ,! disob$i5t sons ( ! h\se ( ,david 7 /ill *ildr5 )9 ! home1 :o might be rebuk$ & puni%$2 b ! ,sam>itan k+s1 z ! *ronicl] might /yle !m1 7 outca/s1 left to ! t5d] m]cies ( ! dogs1 & sorc]]s1 & murd]]s t 7 )\t ! ,holy ,city1 ,ca9s )\t any protect+ m>k ^u _! =ehead4 ,h5ce ! wick$ k+s 9 ,*ronicles are ( ! h\se ( ,david4 ,!re=e ! *ronicl] has a c]ta9 t5d]ness = !m1 p>tly = ! sake ( _! great ance/or1 p>tly because !y are k+s ( ,judah1 p>tly because ( ! sanctity & religi\s significance ( ! ,messianic dyna/y4 ,^! k+s are n ,esaus1 = :om !re is no place ( rep5tance4 ,! *ronicl] is happy 9 be+ able to discov] & record ! conv]sion1 z we %\ld t]m x1 ( "s k+s ^: reigns began 9 rebellion & apo/acy4 ,by a curi\s comp5sation1 ! k+s :o beg9 well end badly1 & ^? :o beg9 badly end well2 !y all t5d to ab\t ! same av]age4 ,we read ( ,rehoboam7#beb7 t 8:5 he humbl$ himself ! wra? ( ! ,"l turn$ f him1 t he w\ld n de/roy him altoge!r2 &1 moreov]1 9 ,judah !re 7 good ?+s f\nd02 ! wick$ness ( ,abijah1 :i* is pla9ly set =? 9 ! book ( ,k+s17#bec7 is ignor$ 9 ,*ronicles2 ,manasseh 8humbl$ himself greatly be=e ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs10 & turn$ altoge!r f ! error ( 8 ways7#bed72 ! unfav\rable judgm5t on ,jehoahaz record$ 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 8,& he did t :i* 0 evil 9 ! sight ( ! ,"l1 accord+ to all t 8 fa!rs _h done107#bee7 is omitt$ 9 ,*ronicles4 ,!re rema9 sev5 wick$ k+s ( :om no?+ b evil is record$3 ,jehoram1 ,ahaziah1 ,ahaz1 ,amon1 ,jehoiakim1 ,jehoia*91 & ,z$ekiah4 ,( ^! we may take ,ahaz z ! mo/ typical in/ance4 ,z 9 ! cases ( ,david & ,solomon1 we w fir/ see h[ ! *ronicl] has dealt ) ! mat]ial d]iv$ f ! book ( ,k+s2 !n we w give 8 acc\nt ( ! c>e] ( ,ahaz2 & f9ally1 by a brief comp>ison ( :at is told ( ,ahaz ) ! hi/ory ( ! o!r wick$ k+s1 we w try to con/ruct ! *ronicl]'s idea ( ! wick$ k+ & to d$uce its lessons4 ,! importance ( ! additions made by ! *ronicl] to ! hi/ory 9 ! book ( ,k+s w appe> lat] on4 ,9 8 acc\nt ( ! attack made ^u ,ahaz by ,rez91 k+ ( ,damascus1 & ,pekah1 k+ ( ,israel1 he emphasises ! incid5ts mo/ discr$itable to ,ahaz4 ,! book ( ,k+s simply /ates t ! two allies 8came up to ,j]usalem to w>2 & !y besieg$ ,ahaz1 b c\ld n ov]come him07#bef72 ,*ronicles dwells ^u ! suff]+s & losses inflict$ on ,judah by ?is invasion4 ,! book ( ,k+s might h convey$ ! impression t ! wick$ k+ _h be5 all[$ to triumph ov] 8 enemies2 ,*ronicles gu>ds aga9/ ?is dang]\s error by detail+ ! disa/]s t ,ahaz br\ght ^u 8 c\ntry4 ,! book ( ,k+s also conta9s an int]e/+ acc\nt ( alt]ations made by ,ahaz 9 ! ,temple & its furniture4 ,by 8 ord]s ! high-prie/ ,urijah made a new braz5 alt> = ! ,temple aft] ! patt]n ( an alt> t ,ahaz _h se5 9 ,damascus4 ,z ,*ronicles n>rates ! clos+ ( ! ,temple by ,ahaz1 x naturally omits ^! previ\s alt]ations4 ,moreov]1 ,urijah appe>s 9 ! book ( ,isaiah z a fri5d ( ! prophet1 & is ref]r$ to by him z a 8fai?ful witness407#beg7 ,! *ronicl] w\ld n wi% to p]plex 8 read]s ) ! problem1 ,h[ c\ld ! high-prie/1 :om ,isaiah tru/$ z a fai?ful witness1 become ! ag5t ( a wick$ k+1 & con/ruct an alt> = ,jehovah aft] a hea!n patt]n8 ,! *ronicl]'s /ory ( ,ahaz runs ?us4 ,?is wick$ k+ _h be5 prec$$ by ?ree good k+s3 ,amaziah1 ,uzziah1 & ,jo?am4 ,amaziah inde$ _h turn$ away f foll[+ ,jehovah at ! end ( 8 reign1 b ,uzziah _h be5 zeal\s = ,jehovah ?r\gh\t1 n wisely1 b too well2 & ,jo?am %>es ) ,solomon ! hon\r ( a blameless record4 ,)\t c\nt+ ,amaziah's reign1 k+ & p _h be5 loyal to ,jehovah = sixty or sev5ty ye>s4 ,! c\rt ( ! good k+s w\ld be ! c5tre ( piety & devotion4 ,ahaz1 no d\bt1 _h be5 c>efully tra9$ 9 ob$i5ce to ! law ( ,jehovah1 & _h gr[n up 9 ! atmosph]e ( true religion4 ,possibly he _h kn[n 8 gr&fa!r ,uzziah 9 ! days ( 8 p[] & glory2 b at any rate1 :ile ,ahaz 0 a *ild1 ,uzziah 0 liv+ z a lep] 9 8 8sev]al h\se10 & ,ahaz mu/ h be5 famili> ) ?is melan*oly w>n+ aga9/ presumptu\s int]f]5ce ) ! ,div9e ord9ances ( wor%ip4 ,ahaz 0 tw5ty ye>s old :5 he came to ! ?rone1 s t he _h "t to pr(it by a complete education1 & %\ld sc>cely h f\nd opportunity to break away f its influ5ce4 ,8 "m's "n is n m5tion$1 s t we _c say :e!r1 z may h be5 ! case ) ,rehoboam1 "s ,ammonite woman l$ him a/ray f ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs4 ,z f> z we c le>n f our au?or1 ,ahaz s9n$ aga9/ light & k2 ) e opportunity & inc5tive to keep 9 ! "r pa?1 he yet w5t a/ray4 ,?is is a common feature 9 ! c>e]s ( ! wick$ k+s4 ,x has (t5 be5 rem>k$ t ! fir/ great speciali/ on education fail$ utt]ly 9 ! application ( 8 !ories to 8 own son4 ,jeho%aphat1 ,hezekiah1 & ,josiah 7 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ & ! mo/ virtu\s ( ! re=m+ k+s1 yet ,jeho%aphat 0 succe$$ by ,jehoram1 :o 0 almo/ z wick$ z ,ahaz2 ,hezekiah's son 8,manasseh made ,judah & ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem to err1 s t !y did evil m ?an did ! nations :om ! ,"l de/roy$ be=e ! *ildr5 ( ,israel027#beh7 ,josiah's son & gr&sons 8did evil 9 ! sight ( ! ,"l407#bei7 ,_m reasons may be sugge/$ = ?is too famili> spectacle3 ! impi\s son ( a godly fa!r1 ! bad successor ( a good k+4 ,heirs-app>5t h always be5 incl9$ to head an opposition to _! fa!rs' policy1 & sometimes on _! accession !y h rev]s$ t policy4 ,:5 ! fa!r himself has be5 a zeal\s re=m]1 ! int]e/s t h be5 h>ass$ by re=m are eag] to enc\rage 8 successor 9 a retrograde policy2 & re=m+ zeal is (t5 t+$ ) an inconsid]ate h>%ness t provokes ! opposition ( y\ng] & bright] spirits4 ,b1 aft] all1 ?is atavism 9 k+s is *iefly an illu/ration ( ! sl[ gr[? ( ! high] nature 9 man4 ,practically ea* g5]ation />ts afre% ) an unreg5]ate nature ( its own1 & (t5 nature is too /rong = education4 ,moreov]1 a "y k+ ( ,judah 0 subject to ! evil influ5ce ( 8 nor!rn neighb\r4 ,judah 0 (t5 politically subs]vi5t to ,sam>ia1 & politics & religion h always be5 v intimately associat$4 ,at ! accession ( ,ahaz ! ?rone ( ,sam>ia 0 fill$ by ,pekah1 ^: tw5ty ye>s' t5ure ( au?ority indicates ability & /r5g? ( "*4 ,x is n difficult to und]/& h[ ,ahaz 0 l$ 8to walk 9 ! ways ( ! k+s ( ,israel0 & 8to make molt5 images = ! ,baals40 ,no?+ is told u ( ! actual circum/ances ( ^! innovations4 ,! new reign 0 probably inaugurat$ by ! dismissal ( ,jo?am's m9i/]s & ! appo9tm5t ( ! p]sonal fav\rites ( ! new k+4 ,! re/oration ( old idolatr\s cults w\ld be a natural adv]tisem5t ( a new dep>ture 9 ! gov]nm5t4 ,s :5 ! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/ianity 0 a novelty 9 ! empire1 & m5 7 n assur$ ( its p]man5ce1 ,julian's accession 0 accompani$ by an apo/acy to paganism2 & lat] aspirants to ! purple promis$ to foll[ 8 example4 ,b ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah 0 n at once suppress$4 ,he 0 n depos$ f ,8 ?rone z ! ,div9e ,k+ ( ,judah2 ,he 0 only call$ ^u to %>e ,8 royal au?ority ) ! ,baals ( ! neighb\r+ peoples4 ,b al?\gh ! ,temple s]vices might /ill be p]=m$1 ! k+ 0 ma9ly int]e/$ 9 introduc+ & obs]v+ a v>iety ( hea!n rites4 ,! prie/hood ( ! ,temple saw _! exclusive privileges disreg>d$ & ! rival sanctu>ies ( ! high places & ! sacr$ trees tak5 "u royal patronage4 ,b ! k+'s apo/acy 0 n conf9$ to ! mild] =ms ( idolatry4 ,8 weak m9d 0 irresi/ibly attract$ by ! morbid fasc9ation ( ! cruel rites ( ,molo*3 8,he burnt inc5se 9 ! valley ( ! son ( ,h9nom1 & burnt 8 *ildr5 9 ! fire1 accord+ to ! abom9ation ( ! hea!n1 :om ! ,"l ca/ out be=e ! *ildr5 ( ,israel40 ,! k+'s devotions to 8 new gods 7 rudely int]rupt$4 ,! insult$ maje/y ( ,jehovah 0 v9dicat$ by two disa/r\s invasions4 ,fir/1 ,ahaz 0 defeat$ by ,rez91 k+ ( ,syria1 :o c>ri$ away a great multitude ( captives to ,damascus2 ! next enemy 0 "o ( ^? k+s ( ,israel 9 ^: idolatr\s ways ,ahaz _h *os5 to walk4 ,! delicate flatt]y impli$ by ,ahaz becom+ ,pekah's proselyte fail$ to conciliate t mon>*4 ,he too defeat$ ! ,jews ) great slaught]4 ,among/ 8 w>riors 0 a c]ta9 ,zi*ri1 ^: a*ievem5ts recall$ ! pr[ess ( ,david's mighty m53 he slew ,maaseiah ! k+'s son & ,azrikam1 ! rul] ( ! h\se1 ! ,"l ,high ,*amb]la91 & ,elkanah1 t 0 next unto ! k+1 ! ,prime ,m9i/]4 ,) ^! notables1 !re p]i%$ 9 a s+le day a hundr$ & tw5ty ?\s& ,jews1 all ( !m valiant m54 ,_! wives & *ildr51 to ! numb] ( two hundr$ ?\s&1 7 c>ri$ captive to ,sam>ia4 ,all ^! mis=tunes happ5$ to ,judah 8because !y _h =sak5 ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( _! fa!rs40 ,& yet ,jehovah 9 wra? rememb]$ m]cy4 ,! ,israelite army approa*$ ,sam>ia ) _! endless tra9 ( mis]able captives1 wom5 & *ildr51 ragg$ & b>efoot1 "s ev5 nak$1 fil?y & footsore ) =c$ m>*es1 left hungry & ?ir/y aft] prison]s' scanty rations4 ,multiply a ?\s&fold ! sc5es depict$ on ,egyptian & ,assyrian monum5ts1 & y h ! picture ( ?is great slave c>avan4 ,! captives probably _h no reason to fe> ! b>b>ities :i* ! ,assyrians lov$ to inflict ^u _! prison]s1 b yet _! prospects 7 suffici5tly gloomy4 ,be=e !m lay a life ( drudg]y & degradation 9 ,sam>ia4 ,! m weal?y might hope to be ransom$ by _! fri5ds2 o!rs1 aga91 might be sold to ! ,phnician trad]s1 to be c>ri$ by !m to ! great slave m>ts ( ,n9eveh & ,babylon or ev5 ov]sea to ,greece4 ,b 9 a mom5t all 0 *ang$4 8,!re 0 a prophet ( ,jehovah1 ^: "n 0 ,od$1 & he w5t out to meet ! army & said unto !m1 ,behold1 because ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( y\r fa!rs1 0 wro? ) ,judah1 ,he ha? deliv]$ !m into y\r h&2 & ye h sla9 !m 9 a rage :i* ha? rea*$ up unto heav54 ,& n[ ye purpose to keep ! *ildr5 ( ,judah & ( ,j]usalem = male & female slaves2 b are !re n ev5 ) y trespasses ( y\r own aga9/ ,jehovah y\r ,god8 ,n[ he> me !re=e1 & s5d back ! captives1 = ! fi]ce wra? ( ,jehovah is ^u y40 ,mean:ile 8! pr9ces & all ! congregation ( ,sam>ia0 7 wait+ to welcome _! victori\s army1 possibly 9 8! void place at ! ent]+ 9 ( ! gate ( ,sam>ia40 ,od$'s words1 at any rate1 _h be5 utt]$ 9 _! pres5ce4 ,! army did n at once respond to ! appeal2 ! two hundr$ ?\s& slaves 7 ! mo/ valuable "p ( _! spoil1 & !y 7 n eag] to make s great a sacrifice4 ,b ! pr9ces made ,od$'s message _! own4 ,f\r heads ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim are m5tion$ by "n z ! spokesm5 ( ! 8congregation10 ! k+ be+ app>5tly abs5t on "s o!r w>like exp$ition4 ,^! f\r 7 ,az>iah ! son ( ,johanan1 ,b]e*iah ! son ( ,me%illemo?1 ,jehizkiah ! son ( ,%allum1 & ,amasa ! son ( ,hadlai4 ,possibly among ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim :o dwelt 9 ,j]usalem aft] ! ,return !re 7 desc5dants ( ^! m51 f :om ! *ronicl] obta9$ ! p>ticul>s ( ?is incid5t4 ,! pr9ces 8/ood up aga9/ !m t came f ! w>10 & =bade _! br++ ! captives into ! city4 ,!y repeat$ & exp&$ ! words ( ! prophet3 8,ye purpose t :i* w br+ ^u u a trespass aga9/ ,jehovah1 to add unto our s9s & to our trespass1 = our trespass is great1 & !re is fi]ce wra? aga9/ ,israel40 ,! army 7 ei!r conv9c$ by ! eloqu5ce or ov]aw$ by ! au?ority ( ! prophet & ! pr9ces3 8,!y left ! captives & ! spoil be=e all ! pr9ces & ! congregation40 ,& ! f\r pr9ces 8rose up1 & took ! captives1 & ) ! spoil clo!d all t 7 nak$ among !m1 & array$ !m1 & %od !m1 & gave !m to eat & to dr9k1 & ano9t$ !m1 & c>ri$ all ! feeble ( !m ^u asses1 & br\ght !m to ,j]i*o1 ! city ( palm trees1 unto _! bre?r52 !n !y return$ to ,sam>ia40 ,ap>t f incid5tal allusions1 ?is is ! la/ ref]5ce 9 ,*ronicles to ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,! long hi/ory ( division & ho/ility closes ) ?is humane recognition ( ! bro!rhood ( ,israel & ,judah4 ,! sun1 s to speak1 did n g d[n ^u _! wra?4 ,b ! k+ ( ,israel _h no p]sonal %>e 9 ?is graci\s act4 ,at ! fir/ x 0 ,j]oboam t made ,israel to s92 ?r\gh\t ! hi/ory ! responsibility = ! cont9u$ division w\ld specially re/ ^u ! k+s1 & at ! la/ !re is no sign ( ,pekah's rep5tance & no prospect ( 8 p>don4 ,! v>i\s incid5ts ( ! invasions ( ,rez9 & ,pekah 7 alike a solemn w>n+ & an impressive appeal to ! apo/ate k+ ( ,judah4 ,he _h multipli$ to himself gods ( ! nations r\nd ab\t1 & yet _h be5 left )\t an ally1 at ! m]cy ( a ho/ile conf$]ation1 aga9/ :om 8 new gods ei!r c\ld n or w\ld n def5d him4 ,! wra? ( ,jehovah _h br\ght ^u ,ahaz "o cru%+ defeat aft] ano!r1 & yet ! only mitigation ( ! suff]+s ( ,judah _h also be5 ! "w ( ,jehovah4 ,! return+ captives w\ld tell ,ahaz & 8 pr9ces h[ 9 s*ismatic & idolatr\s ,sam>ia a prophet ( ,jehovah _h /ood =? to secure _! release & obta9 = !m p]mission to return home4 ,! pr9ces & p ( ,sam>ia _h he>k5$ to 8 message1 & ! two hundr$ ?\s& captives /ood !re z ! monum5t ( ,jehovah's compassion & ( ! ob$i5t piety ( ,israel4 ,s9 0 b\nd to br+ puni%m5t2 & yet ,jehovah wait$ to be graci\s4 ,:]ev] !re 0 room = m]cy1 ,he w\ld %[ m]cy4 ,8 wra? & ,8 compassion _h alike be5 display$ be=e ,ahaz4 ,o!r gods c\ld n protect _! wor%ipp]s aga9/ ,him2 ,he only c\ld deliv] & re/ore ,8 p4 ,he _h n ev5 wait$ = ,ahaz to rep5t be=e ,he _h giv5 him pro( ( ,8 will+ness to =give47#bfj7 ,su* ,div9e goodness 0 ?r[n away ^u ,ahaz2 !re 0 no tok5 ( rep5tance1 no promise ( am5dm5t2 & s ,jehovah s5t fur!r judgm5ts ^u ! k+ & 8 unhappy p4 ,! ,edomites came & smote ,judah1 & c>ri$ away captives2 ! ,phili/9es also invad$ ! cities ( ! l[l& & ( ! s\? ( ,judah1 & took ,be?-%eme%1 ,aijalon1 ,g$]o?1 ,soco1 ,timnah1 ,gimzo1 & _! dep5d5t villages1 & dwelt 9 !m2 & ,jehovah br\ght ,judah l[ because ( ,ahaz4 ,& ! k+ h>d5$ 8 he>t yet m aga9/ ,jehovah1 & ca/ away all re/ra9t1 & trespass$ sore aga9/ ,jehovah4 ,in/ead ( submitt+ himself1 he s\ght ! aid ( ! k+s ( ,assyria1 only to receive ano!r pro( ( ! vanity ( all e>?ly help s long z he rema9$ unreconcil$ to ,heav54 ,tilga?-pilnes]1 k+ ( ,assyria1 welcom$ ?is opportunity ( int]f]+ 9 ! affairs ( ,we/]n ,asia1 & saw attractive prospects ( levy+ blackmail imp>tially on 8 ally & 8 enemies4 ,he came unto ,ahaz1 8& di/ress$ him1 b /r5g!n$ him n40 ,^! new tr\bles 7 ! occasion ( fre% wick$ness on ! "p ( ! k+3 to pay ! price ( ?is worse ?an useless int]v5tion1 he took away a portion n only f 8 own treasury & f ! pr9ces1 b also f ! treasury ( ! ,temple1 & gave x to ! k+ ( ,assyria4 ,?us betray$ & plund]$ by 8 new ally1 he trespass$ 8yet m aga9/ ,jehovah1 ?is same k+ ,ahaz40 ,x is almo/ incr$ible t "o man c\ld be guilty ( s mu* s92 ! *ronicl] is anxi\s t 8 read]s %\ld appreciate ! extraord9>y wick$ness ( ?is man1 ?is same k+ ,ahaz4 ,9 him ! *a/5+ ( ! ,"l yield$ no peaceable fruit ( righte\sness2 he w\ld n see t 8 mis=tunes 7 s5t f ! (f5d$ ,god ( ,israel4 ,) p]v]se +5uity1 he f\nd 9 !m an inc5tive to yet fur!r wick$ness4 ,8 pan!on 0 n l>ge en\gh4 ,he _h omitt$ to wor%ip ! gods ( ,damascus4 ,^! mu/ be p[]ful deities1 :om x w\ld be wor? :ile to conciliate1 because !y _h enabl$ ! k+s ( ,syria to ov]run & pillage ,judah4 ,!re=e ,ahaz sacrific$ to ! gods ( ,syria1 t !y might help him4 8,b10 says ! *ronicl]1 8!y 7 ! ru9 ( him & ( all ,israel40 ,/ill ,ahaz w5t on consi/5tly ) 8 policy ( compreh5sive eclecticism4 ,he made ,j]usalem a v ,a!ns = alt>s1 :i* 7 set up at e /reet corn]2 he discov]$ yet o!r gods :om x might be advisable to adore3 8,& 9 e sev]al city ( ,judah he made high places to burn inc5se unto o!r gods40 ,hi!rto ,jehovah _h /ill receiv$ "s %>e ( ! wor%ip ( ?is mo/ religi\s k+1 b app>5tly ,ahaz came to reg>d ,him z ! lea/ p[]ful ( 8 _m sup]natural allies4 ,he attribut$ 8 mis=tunes1 n to ! ang]1 b to ! helplessness1 ( ,jehovah4 ,jehovah 0 specially ! ,god ( ,israel2 if disa/] aft] disa/] fell ^u ,8 p1 ,he 0 evid5tly less pot5t ?an ,baal1 or ,molo*1 or ,rimmon4 ,x 0 a useless exp5se to ma9ta9 ! wor%ip ( s impot5t a deity4 ,p]haps ! apo/ate k+ 0 act+ 9 ! blasphem\s _s ( ! savage :o flogs 8 idol :5 8 pray]s are n answ]$4 ,jehovah1 he ?\ght1 %\ld be puni%$ = ,8 neglect ( ! int]e/s ( ,judah4 8,ahaz ga!r$ toge!r ! vessels ( ! h\se ( ,god1 & cut 9 pieces ! vessels ( ! h\se ( ,god1 & %ut up ! doors ( ! h\se ( ,jehovah027#bfa7 he _h fill$ up ! measure ( 8 iniquities4 ,& ?us x came to pass t 9 ! ,holy ,city1 8:i* ,jehovah _h *os5 to cause ,8 "n to dwell !re10 almo/ ! only deity :o 0 n wor%ipp$ 0 ,jehovah4 ,ahaz did homage to ! gods ( all ! nations be=e :om he _h be5 humiliat$2 ! royal sacrifices smok$ ^u a hundr$ alt>s1 b no sweet sav\r ( burnt (f]+ asc5d$ to ,jehovah4 ,! fragrance ( ! p]petual inc5se no long] fill$ ! holy place morn+ & ev5+2 ! sev5 lamps ( ! gold5 c&le/ick 7 put out1 & ! ,temple 0 giv5 up to d>kness & desolation4 ,ahaz _h cont5t$ himself ) /ripp+ ! sanctu>y ( its treasures2 b ! build+ itself1 ?\gh clos$1 suff]$ no s]i\s injury4 ,a /rang] visit+ ! city1 & f9d+ x full ( idols1 c\ld n fail to notice ! great pile ( ! ,temple & to inquire :at image1 spl5did above all o!rs1 occupi$ t magnific5t %r9e4 ,l ,pompey1 he w\ld le>n ) surprise t x 0 n ! dwell+-place ( any image1 b ! symbol ( an almighty & invisible pres5ce4 ,ev5 if ! /rang] 7 "s ,moabite wor%ipp] ( ,*emo%1 he w\ld feel dismay at ! wanton pr(anity ) :i* ,ahaz _h abjur$ ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs & desecrat$ ! temple built by 8 great ance/ors4 ,! annals ( ,egypt & ,babylon told ( ! mis=tunes :i* _h befall5 ^? mon>*s :o 7 unfai?ful to _! national gods4 ,! pi\s hea!n w\ld anticipate disa/] z ! puni%m5t ( ,ahaz's apo/acy4 ,mean:ile ! m9i/]s ( ! ,temple %>$ its ru9 & degradation2 b !y c\ld feel ! assurance t ,jehovah w\ld yet recall ,8 p to _! allegiance & manife/ ,himself once m 9 ! ,temple4 ,! h\se ( ,a>on & ! tribe ( ,levi possess$ _! s\ls 9 pati5ce till ! f9al judgm5t ( ,jehovah %\ld fall ^u ! apo/ate4 ,!y _h n long to wait3 aft] a reign ( only sixte5 ye>s1 ,ahaz di$ at ! e>ly age ( ?irty-six4 ,we are n told t he di$ 9 battle or by ! visitation ( ,god4 ,8 heal? may h be5 brok5 by 8 _m mis=tunes1 or by vici\s practices t w\ld naturally accompany 8 manifold idolatries2 b 9 any case 8 e>ly dea? w\ld be reg>d$ z a ,div9e judgm5t4 ,! brea? 0 sc>cely out ( 8 body be=e 8 religi\s innovations 7 swept away by a viol5t reaction4 ,! p at once pass$ s5t5ce ( condemnation on 8 memory3 8,!y br\ght him n into ! sepul*res ( ! k+s ( ,israel407#bfb7 ,8 successor inaugurat$ 8 reign by reop5+ ! ,temple1 & br\ght back ,judah to ! ob$i5ce ( ,jehovah4 ,! monum5ts ( ! impi\s wor%ip ( ! wick$ k+1 8 multitud9\s idols1 & _! ritual pass$ away l an evil dream1 l 8! track ( a %ip 9 ! sea or a bird 9 ! air40 ,! lead+ features ( ?is c>e] are common to mo/ ( ! wick$ k+s & to ! evil days ( ! good k+s 8,walk+ 9 ! ways ( ! k+s ( ,israel0 0 ! great crime ( ,jeho%aphat & 8 successors ,jehoram & ,ahaziah4 ,o!r k+s1 l ,manasseh1 built high places & foll[$ aft] ! abom9ations ( ! hea!n :om ,jehovah ca/ out be=e ! *ildr5 ( ,israel4 ,asa's lapse into wick$ness began by plund]+ ! ,temple treasury to pur*ase an alliance ) a hea!n k+1 ! k+ ( ,syria1 aga9/ ^: successor ,ahaz 9 8 turn hir$ ! k+ ( ,assyria4 ,amaziah adopt$ ! gods ( ,edom1 z ,ahaz ! gods ( ,syria1 b ) less excuse1 = ,amaziah _h conqu]$ ,edom4 ,o!r crimes are record$ among ! evil do+s ( ! k+s3 ,asa _h rec\rse to physicians1 t is1 probably to magic2 ,jehoram slew 8 bre?r52 ,joa% murd]$ ! son ( 8 b5efactor ,jehoiada2 b ! supreme s9 0 disloyalty to ,jehovah & ! ,temple1 & ( ?is s9 ! *ronicl]'s brief hi/ory ( ,ahaz is ! mo/ /rik+ illu/ration4 ,ahaz is ! typical apo/ate3 he h>d5s 8 he>t alike aga9/ ! m]cy ( ,jehovah & aga9/ ,8 repeat$ judgm5t4 ,he is a v ,ph>aoh among ! k+s ( ,judah4 ,! discipl9e t %\ld h l$ to rep5tance is cont9ually p]v]t$ to be ! occasion ( new s91 & at la/ ! apo/ate dies 9 8 iniquity4 ,! effect ( ! picture is height5$ by its insi/5ce on ?is "o s9 ( apo/acy2 o!r s9s are illu/rat$ & condemn$ else:]e1 b "h ! *ronicl] w\ld h u conc5trate our att5tion on ! rise1 progress1 & ru9 ( ! apo/ate4 ,inde$1 ?is "o s9 impli$ & involv$ all o!rs2 ! man :o suppress$ ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah1 & revell$ 9 ! obsc5e sup]/itions ( hea!n cults1 0 obvi\sly capable ( any enormity4 ,! *ronicl] is n indiff]5t to morality z comp>$ ) ritual1 & he sees 9 ! neglect ( ,div9ely appo9t$ ritual an indication ( a "* rott5 ?r\gh & ?r\gh4 ,9 8 "t neglect ( ritual on ! "p ( ! av]age man or ! av]age k+ impli$ neglect ( religion1 or r adh]5ce to an ali5 & immoral fai?4 ,?us ! supreme s9 ( ! wick$ k+s naturally contra/s ) ! highe/ virtue ( ! good k+s4 ,! /&+ ( bo? is det]m9$ by _! attitude t[>ds ,jehovah4 ,! "* ( ! good k+s is develop$ 9 great] detail ?an t ( _! wick$ bre?r52 b we %\ld n misrepres5t ! *ronicl]'s views1 if we ascrib$ to ! wick$ k+s all ! vices anti!tic to ! virtues ( 8 royal ideal4 ,nev]!less ! picture actually drawn fixes our att5tion ^u _! impi\s d5ial ( ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,mu* ,*ur* hi/ory has be5 writt5 on ! same pr9ciple3 ,con/ant9e is a sa9t because he e/abli%$ ,*ri/ianity2 ,julian is an inc>nation ( wick$ness because he became an apo/ate2 we praise ! or?odox ,!odosius1 & blame ! ,arian ,val5s4 ,prote/ant hi/orians h canonis$ ,h5ry ,,viii4 & ,elizabe?1 & h prefix$ an unholy epi!t to ! "n ( _! k9swoman1 :ile ,romani/ writ]s int]*ange ^! v]dicts4 ,b und]ly+ ev5 su* opposite judgm5ts !re is ! same valid pr9ciple1 ! pr9ciple t 0 9 ! m9d ( ! *ronicl]3 t ! k+'s relation to ! highe/ & pure/ tru? accessible to him1 :atev] t tru? may be1 is a j crit]ion ( 8 :ole "*4 ,! hi/orian may err 9 apply+ ! crit]ion1 b its g5]al pr9ciple is none ! less s\nd4 ,= ! "* ( ! wick$ nation we are n left to ! g5]al sugge/ions t may be d]iv$ f ! wick$ k+4 ,! prophets %[ u t x 0 by no vic>i\s condemnation t prie/s & p %>$ ! ru9 ( _! sov]eign4 ,9 _! pages ! subject is treat$ f _m po9ts ( view3 ,israel & ,judah1 ,edom & ,tyre1 ,egypt1 ,assyria1 & ,babylon1 s]ve 9 _! turn z models = ! picture ( ! wick$ nation4 ,9 ! ,apocalypse ! anci5t picture is adapt$ to new circum/ances1 & ! ,city ( ! ,sev5 ,hills takes ! place ( ,babylon4 ,mod]n prophets h fur!r adapt$ ! treatm5t ( ! subject to _! own times1 & = ! mo/ "p to _! own p4 ,) /]n & uncompromis+ patriotism1 ,c>lyle & ,rusk9 h s\ght righte\sness = ,engl& ev5 at ! exp5se ( its reputation2 !y h emphasis$ its s9 & selfi%ness 9 ord] to produce rep5tance & re=m4 ,= o!r tea*]s ! hi/ory ( =eign peoples has furni%$ ! picture ( ! wick$ nation1 & ! ,france ( ! ,revolution or ! 8unspeakable0 ,turk has be5 held up z an example ( all t is abom9able 9 national life4 ,any detail$ treatm5t ( ?is !me 9 ,scripture w\ld ne$ an exposition1 n m]ely ( ,*ronicles1 b ( ! :ole ,bible4 ,we may1 h[ev]1 make "o g5]al application ( ! *ronicl]'s pr9ciple t ! wick$ nation is ! nation t =gets ,god4 ,we d n n[ measure a p's religion by ! numb] & magnific5ce ( its prie/s & *ur*es1 or by ! am\nt ( money devot$ to ! ma9t5ance ( public wor%ip4 ,! mo/ fatal symptoms ( national depravity are ! abs5ce ( a heal?y public op9ion1 indiff]5ce to "* 9 politics1 neglect ( education z a means ( develop+ "*1 & ! /ifl+ ( ! _s ( bro!rhood 9 a desp]ate /ruggle = exi/5ce4 ,:5 ,god is ?us =gott51 & ! graci\s influ5ces ( ,8 ,_s are no long] recognis$ 9 public & private life1 a c\ntry may well be degrad$ into ! ranks ( ! wick$ nations4 ,! p]fectly g5]al t]ms 9 :i* ! do+s & exp]i5ces ( ,ahaz are describ$ facilitate ! application ( _! w>n+s to ! ord9>y individual4 ,8 royal /ation only appe>s 9 ! =m & scale ( 8 wick$ness1 :i* 9 its ess5ce is common to him ) ! humble/ s9n]4 ,e "y man ent]s1 l ,ahaz1 ^u a royal inh]itance2 "* & c>e] are z all-important to a peasant or a %opgirl z !y are to an emp]or or a que54 ,:5 a girl ( sev5te5 or a y\? ( tw5ty succe$s to "s hi/oric ?rone1 we are mov$ to ?9k ( ! heavy burd5 ( responsibility laid ^u inexp]i5c$ %\ld]s & ( ! grave issues t mu/ be det]m9$ dur+ ! swiftly pass+ ye>s ( _! e>ly manhood & womanhood4 ,alas1 ?is heavy burd5 & ^! grave issues are b ! common lot4 ,! "y sov]eign is happy 9 ! fi]ce light t beats ^u 8 ?rone1 = he is n all[$ to =get ! dignity & importance ( life4 ,hi/ory1 ) its /ories ( good & wick$ k+s1 has obvi\sly be5 writt5 = 8 in/ruction2 if ! "t be out ( jo9t1 z x mo/ly is1 he has be5 born to set x "r4 ,x is all true1 yet x is equally true = e "o ( 8 subjects4 ,8 lot is only ! common lot set ^u a hill1 9 ! full sunlight1 to illu/rate1 int]pret1 & influ5ce l[] & obscur] lives4 ,p take su* eag] int]e/ 9 ! do+s ( royal families1 _! *ri/5+s1 w$d+s1 & fun]als1 because !re9 ! common exp]i5ce is1 z x 71 glorifi$ into adequate dignity & importance4 8,ahaz 0 tw5ty ye>s old :5 he began to reign1 & he reign$ sixte5 ye>s 9 ,j]usalem02 b mo/ m5 & wom5 beg9 to reign be=e !y are tw5ty4 ,! hi/ory ( ,judah = ^? sixte5 ye>s 0 really det]m9$ long be=e ,ahaz 0 inve/$ ) cr[n & sceptre4 ,m5 %\ld all be educat$ to reign1 to respect !mselves & appreciate _! opportunities4 ,we d 9 "s measure adopt ?is pr9ciple ) promis+ lads4 ,_! en]gies are /imulat$ by ! prospect ( mak+ a =tune or a "n1 or ! m so>+ imag9ation dreams ( a seat on ! woolsack or on "o ( ! ,front ,b5*es4 ,gift$ girls are also enc\rag$1 z becomes _! gifts1 to a*ieve a brilliant m>riage or a popul> novel4 ,we ne$ to apply ! pr9ciple m consi/5tly & to recognise ! royal dignity ( ! av]age life & ( ^? :om ! sup]ior p]son is pleas$ to call commonplace p4 ,x may !n be possible to induce ! ord9>y "y man to take a s]i\s int]e/ 9 8 own future4 ,! /ress laid on ! sanctity & supreme value ( ! individual s\l has always be5 a vital elem5t ( evangelical tea*+2 l mo/ o!r evangelical tru?s1 x is capable ( deep] mean+ & wid] application ?an are commonly recognis$ 9 sy/ematic !ology4 ,we h kept our sov]eign wait+ too long on ! ?re%old ( 8 k+dom2 8 c\rti]s & 8 p are impati5t to "k ! "* & int5tions ( _! new ma/]4 ,s ) e heir :o succe$s to 8 royal inh]itance4 ,! =tunes ( millions may dep5d ^u ! w ( "s "y ,cz> or ,kais]2 ! happ9ess ( a hundr$ t5ants or ( a ?\s& workm5 may re/ on ! disposition ( ! y\?ful inh]itor ( a wide e/ate or a huge factory2 b none ! less 9 ! poore/ cottage "m & fa!r & fri5ds wait ) trembl+ anxiety to see h[ ! boy or girl w 8turn out0 :5 !y take _! de/9ies into _! own h&s & beg9 to reign4 ,already p]haps "s t5d] maid5 wat*es 9 hope & fe>1 9 m+l$ pride & misgiv+1 ! rapidly unfold+ "* ( ! y\? to :om %e has promis$ to commit all ! happ9ess ( a life-"t4 ,& to ea* "o 9 turn !re comes ! *oice ( ,h]cules2 accord+ to ! *ronicl]'s phrase1 ! "y k+ may ei!r 8d "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah1 l ,david 8 fa!r10 or he may walk 89 ! ways ( ! k+s ( ,israel1 & make molt5 images = ! ,baals40 ,! 8"r do+s ( ,david 8 fa!r0 may po9t to family traditions1 :i* set a high /&>d ( noble conduct = ea* succe$+ g5]ation4 ,! tea*+ & influ5ce ( ! pi\s ,jo?am are repres5t$ by ! example ( godl9ess set 9 _m a ,*ri/ian home1 by ! wise & lov+ c\nsel ( p>5ts & fri5ds4 ,& ,ahaz has _m mod]n p>allels1 sons & daught]s ^u :om e good influ5ce seems sp5t 9 va94 ,!y are l$ a/ray into ! ways ( ! k+s ( ,israel1 & make molt5 images = ! ,baals4 ,!re 7 sev]al dyna/ies ( ! k+s ( ,israel1 & ! ,baals 7 _m & v>i\s2 !re are _m tempt]s :o delib]ately or unconsci\sly lay sn>es = s\ls1 & !y s]ve diff]5t p[]s ( evil4 ,israel 0 = ! mo/ "p m p[]ful1 weal?y1 & cultur$ ?an ,judah4 ,:5 ,ahaz came to ! ?rone z a m]e y\?1 ,pekah 0 app>5tly 9 ! prime ( life & ! z5i? ( p[]4 ,he is no inapt symbol ( :at ! mod]n tempt] at any rate desires to appe>3 ! %[y1 pret5ti\s man ( ! _w1 :o p>ades 8 k ( life1 & impresses ! inexp]i5c$ y\? ) 8 %rewdness & success1 & makes 8 victim eag] to imitate him1 to walk 9 ! ways ( ! k+s ( ,israel4 ,moreov]1 ! prospect ( mak+ molt5 images = ! ,baals is an insidi\s temptation4 ,ahaz p]haps f\nd ! decor\s wor%ip ( ! "o ,god dull & monoton\s4 ,baals meant new gods & new rites1 ) all ! excitem5t ( novelty & v>iety4 ,jo?am may n h realis$ t ?is y\? ( tw5ty 0 a man3 ! heir-app>5t may h be5 treat$ z a *ild & left too mu* to ! wom5 ( ! h>em4 ,responsible activity might h sav$ ,ahaz4 ,! ,*ur* ne$s to recognise t heal?y1 vigor\s y\? craves int]e/+ occupation & ev5 excitem5t4 ,if a fa!r wi%es to s5d 8 son to ! devil1 he _c d bett] ?an make t son's life1 bo? secul> & religi\s1 a r\t9e ( monoton\s drudg]y4 ,!n any p9*beck k+ ( ,israel w seem a m>vel ( wit & good fell[%ip1 & ! mak+ ( molt5 images a mo/ pleas+ div]sion4 ,a molt5 image is some?+ solid1 p]man5t1 & conspicu\s1 a /&+ adv]tisem5t ( ! ent]prise & arti/ic ta/e ( ! mak]2 he engraves 8 "n on ! p$e/al1 & is pr\d ( ! hon\rable di/9ction4 ,_m ( our mod]n molt5 images are duly set =? 9 popul> works1 = in/ance ! reputation = impure life1 or h>d dr9k+1 or reckless gambl+1 to a*ieve :i* "s m5 h sp5t _! "t1 & money1 & toil4 ,o!r molt5 images are d$icat$ to ano!r class ( ,baals3 ,mammon ! respectable & ,belial ! polite4 ,! next /ep 9 ! hi/ory ( ,ahaz is also typical ( _m a rake's progress4 ,! k+ ( ,israel1 9 ^: ways he has walk$1 turns ^u him & plund]s him2 ! exp]i5c$ man ( ! _w gives 8 pupil pa9ful pro( ( 8 sup]iority1 & calls 9 8 conf$]ates to %>e ! spoil4 ,n[ surely ! victim's eyes w be op5$ to ! life he is lead+ & ! "* ( 8 associates4 ,by no means4 ,ahaz has be5 conqu]$ by ,syria1 & !re=e he w wor%ip ! gods ( ,syria1 & he w h a conf$]ate ( 8 own 9 ! ,assyrian k+4 ,! victim tries to ma/] ! arts by :i* he has be5 robb$ & ill-treat$2 he w become z unscrupul\s z 8 ma/]s 9 wick$ness4 ,he seeks ! pr(it & di/9ction ( be+ ! accomplice ( bold & d>+ s9n]s1 m5 z pre-em95t 9 evil z ,tilga?-pilnes] 9 ,we/]n ,asia2 & !y1 l ! ,assyrian k+1 take 8 money & accept 8 flatt]y3 !y use him & !n ca/ him (f m humiliat$ & desp]ate ?an ev]4 ,he s9ks into a prey ( mean] sc\ndrels3 ! ,edomites & ,phili/9es ( fa/ life2 & !n1 9 8 extremity1 he builds new high places & sacrifices to m new gods2 he has rec\rse to all ! %ifty exp$i5ts & sordid sup]/itions ( ! devotees ( luck & *ance4 ,all ?is :ile he has /ill paid "s ext]nal homage to religion2 he has obs]v$ ! conv5tions ( hon\r & good bre$+4 ,!re h be5 s]vices1 z x 71 9 ! temple ( ,jehovah4 ,n[ he beg9s to feel t ?is def]5ce has n met ) an adequate rew>d2 he has be5 no bett] treat$ ?an ! flagrantly disreputable3 inde$1 ^! m5 h (t5 got ! bett] ( him4 8,x is va9 to s]ve ,god2 :at pr(it is !re 9 keep+ ,8 *>ge & 9 walk+ m\rnfully be=e ! ,"l ( ho/s8 ,! pr\d are call$ happy2 !y t "w wick$ness are built up3 !y tempt ,god1 & are deliv]$40 ,8 moods v>y2 &1 ) reckless inconsi/5cy1 he sometimes d]ides religion z wor?less & unmean+1 & sometimes seeks to make ,god responsible = 8 s9s & mis=tunes4 ,at "o "t he says he kn[s all ab\t religion & has se5 ?r\gh x2 he 0 br\ght up to pi\s ways1 & 8 mature judgm5t has %[n him t piety is a delusion2 he w no long] c\nt5ance its hypocrisy & cant3 at ano!r "t he compla9s t he has be5 expos$ to special temptations & has n be5 provid$ ) special safegu>ds2 ! road t leads to life has be5 made too /eep & n>r[1 & he has be5 all[$ )\t w>n+ & remon/rance to tread 8! primrose pa? t leads to ! ev]la/+ bonfire02 he w ca/ (f altoge!r ! dull =malities & irksome re/ra9ts ( religion2 he w "w wick$ness ) a pr\d he>t & a high h&4 ,8 happ9ess & success h be5 h9d]$ by p$antic scruples2 n[ he w be built up & deliv]$ f 8 tr\bles4 ,he gets rid ( ! few surviv+ relics ( ! old hon\rable life4 ,! s]vice ( pray] & praise ceases2 ! lamp ( tru? is put out2 ! inc5se ( holy ?\ght no long] p]fumes ! s\l2 & ! temple ( ! ,_s is left empty1 & d>k1 & desolate4 ,at la/1 9 :at %\ld be ! prime ( manhood1 ! s9n]1 brok5-he>t$1 worn out 9 m9d & body1 s9ks into a di%on\r$ grave4 ,! c>e] & fate ( ,ahaz may h o!r p>allels besides ?is1 b x is suffici5tly cle> t ! *ronicl]'s picture ( ! wick$ k+ is no m]e antiqu>ian /udy ( a vani%$ pa/4 ,x l5ds itself ) />tl+ facility to illu/rate ! fatal d[nw>d c\rse ( any man :o1 ent]+ on ! royal inh]itance ( human life1 allies himself ) ! p[]s ( d>kness & f9ally becomes _! slave4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,! ,prie/s4 ,! ,israelite prie/hood mu/ be held to include ! ,levites4 ,_! functions & /atus diff]$ f ^? ( ! h\se ( ,a>on 9 degree1 & n 9 k9d4 ,!y =m$ a h]$it>y ca/e set ap>t = ! s]vice ( ! sanctu>y1 & z su* !y %>$ ! rev5ues ( ! ,temple ) ! sons ( ,a>on4 ,! prie/ly "* ( ! ,levites is m ?an once impli$ 9 ,*ronicles4 ,aft] ! disruption1 we are told t 8! prie/s & ! ,levites t 7 9 all ,israel resort$ to ,rehoboam10 because 8,j]oboam & 8 sons ca/ !m (f1 t !y %\ld n ex]cise ! prie/'s (fice unto ,jehovah40 ,on an em]g5cy1 z at ,hezekiah's great fea/ at ! reop5+ ( ! ,temple1 ! ,levites might ev5 dis*>ge prie/ly functions4 ,moreov]1 ! *ronicl] seems to recognise ! prie/ly "* ( ! :ole tribe ( ,levi by reta9+ 9 a simil> connection ! old phrase 8! prie/s ! ,levites407#bfc7 ,! relation ( ! ,levites to ! prie/s1 ! sons ( ,a>on1 0 n t ( laym5 to cl]gy1 b ( an inf]ior cl]ical ord] to _! sup]iors4 ,:5 ,*>lotte ,bront has occasion to devote a *apt] to curates1 %e heads x 8,levitical40 ,! ,levites1 aga91 l deacons 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 7 =bidd5 to p]=m ! mo/ sacr$ ritual ( ,div9e s]vice4 ,te*nically _! relation to ! sons ( ,a>on might be comp>$ to t ( deacons to prie/s or ( prie/s to bi%ops4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( numb]s17#bfd7 rev5ues1 & social /&+1 ! sons ( ,a>on might be comp>$ to ! dignit>ies ( ! ,*ur*3 ar*bi%ops1 bi%ops1 ar*deacons1 deans1 & incumb5ts ( liv+s ) l>ge incomes & little "w2 :ile ! ,levites w\ld correspond to ! m mod]ately paid & fully occupi$ cl]gy4 ,?us ! nature ( ! di/9ction betwe5 ! prie/s & ! ,levites %[s t !y 7 ess5tially only two grades ( ! same ord]2 & ?is corresponds r\ghly to :at has be5 g5]ally d5ot$ by ! t]m 8prie/hood40 ,prie/-hood1 h[ev]1 _h a m limit$ mean+ 9 ,israel ?an 9 lat] times4 ,9 "s bran*es ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 ! prie/s ex]cise or claim to ex]cise functions :i* 9 ,israel belong$ to ! prophets or ! k+4 ,be=e consid]+ ! c5tral & ess5tial idea ( ! prie/ z a m9i/] ( public wor%ip1 we w notice "s ( 8 m9or duties4 ,we h se5 t ! sanctity ( civil gov]nm5t is emphasis$ by ! religi\s supremacy ( ! k+2 ! same tru? is also illu/rat$ by ! fact t ! prie/s & ,levites 7 sometimes ! k+'s (fic]s = civil affairs4 ,"u ,david1 c]ta9 ,levites ( ,hebron are spok5 ( z hav+ ! ov]sight ( all ,israel1 bo? ea/ & we/ ( ,jordan1 n only 8= all ! bus9ess ( ,jehovah10 b also 8= ! s]vice ( ! k+407#bfe7 ,! bus9ess ( ! law-c\rts 0 recognis$ by ,jeho%aphat z ! judgm5t ( ,jehovah1 & accord+ly among/ ! judges !re 7 prie/s & ,levites47#bff7 ,simil>ly ! m$ival gov]nm5ts (t5 f\nd _! mo/ effici5t & tru/wor?y adm9i/rators 9 ! bi%ops & cl]gy1 & 7 glad to re9=ce _! secul> au?ority by ! sanction ( ! ,*ur*2 & ev5 to-day bi%ops sit 9 ,p>liam5t3 incumb5ts preside ov] ve/ries1 & sometimes act z c\nty magi/rates4 ,b ! int]e/ ( religion 9 civil gov]nm5t is mo/ manife/ 9 ! moral influ5ce ex]cis$ un(ficially by e>ne/ & public-spirit$ m9i/]s ( all d5om9ations4 ,! *ronicl] ref]s m ?an once to ! educational "w ( ! prie/s1 & especially ( ! ,levites4 ,! ,engli% v]sion probably gives 8 real mean+ :5 x attributes to him ! phrase 8tea*+ prie/407#bfg7 ,jeho%aphat's educational commission 0 l>gely compos$ ( prie/s & ,levites1 & ,levites are spok5 ( z scribes4 ,jewi% education 0 l>gely religi\s1 & naturally fell into ! h&s ( ! prie/hood1 j z ! le>n+ ( ,egypt & ,babylon 0 *iefly 9 ! h&s ( prie/s & magi4 ,! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry ma9ta9$ ! anci5t traditions3 ! mona/]ies 7 ! homes ( m$ival le>n+1 & till rec5tly ,engl& & ,scotl& ma9ly ow$ _! s*ools to ! ,*ur*es1 & almo/ all s*oolma/]s ( any position 7 9 holy ord]s--prie/s & ,levites4 ,"u our new educational sy/em ! free *oice ( ! p places _m m9i/]s ( religion on ! s*ool bo>ds4 ,! next *>act]i/ic ( ! prie/hood is n s mu* 9 accordance ) ,*ri/ian !ory & practice4 ,! h\se ( ,a>on & ! tribe ( ,levi 7 a ,*ur* militant 9 a v lit]al s5se4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( _! hi/ory ! tribe ( ,levi e>n$ ! bless+ ( ,jehovah by ! pi\s zeal ) :i* !y flew to arms 9 ,8 cause & execut$ ,8 judgm5t ^u _! guilty fell[-c\ntrym547#bfh7 ,lat] on1 :5 8,israel jo9$ himself unto ,baal-peor1 & ! ang] ( ,jehovah 0 k9dl$ aga9/ ,israel107#bfi7 !n /ood up ,ph9ehas1 8! ance/or ( ! h\se ( ,zadok10 & execut$ judgm5t4 8,& s ! plague 0 /ay$1 ,& t 0 c\nt$ unto him = righte\sness ,unto all g5]ations = ev]more407#bgj7 ,b ! militant "* ( ! prie/hood 0 n conf9$ to its e>ly hi/ory4 ,among/ ^? :o 8came arm$ = w> to ,david to ,hebron to turn ! k+dom ( ,saul to him1 accord+ to ! ^w ( ,jehovah10 7 f\r ?\s& six hundr$ ( ! *ildr5 ( ,levi & ?ree ?\s& sev5 hundr$ ( ! h\se ( ,a>on1 8& ,zadok1 a "y man mighty ( val\r1 & tw5ty-two capta9s ( 8 fa!r's h\se407#bga7 8,! ?ird capta9 ( ,david's army = ! ?ird mon? 0 ,b5aiah ! son ( ,jehoiada ! prie/407#bgb7 ,david's ,hebronite ov]se]s 7 all 8mighty m5 ( val\r40 ,:5 ,judah w5t out to w>1 ! trumpets ( ! prie/s gave ! signal = battle7#bgc72 :5 ! high-prie/ ,jehoiada recov]$ ! k+dom = ,joa%1 ! ,levites compass$ ! k+ r\nd ab\t1 e man ) 8 weapons 9 8 h&7#bgd72 :5 ,nehemiah rebuilt ! wall ( ,j]usalem1 8e "o ) "o ( 8 h&s wr\ght 9 ! "w1 & ) ! o!r held 8 weapon107#bge7 & among/ ! re/ ! prie/s4 ,lat] on1 :5 ,jehovah deliv]$ ,israel f ! h& ( ,antio*us ,epiphanes1 ! prie/ly family ( ! ,maccabees1 9 ! _s ( _! ance/or ,ph9ehas1 f\ght & di$ = ! ,law & ! ,temple4 ,!re 7 prie/ly soldi]s z well z prie/ly g5]als1 = we read h[ 8at t "t c]ta9 prie/s1 desir\s to %[ _! val\r1 7 sla9 9 battle1 = t !y w5t out to fight inadvis$ly407#bgf7 ,9 ! ,jewi% w> ! prie/ ,josephus 0 ,jewi% comm&] 9 ,galilee4 ,*ri/ianity has ar\s$ a new s5tim5t ) reg>d to w>4 ,we believe t ! s]vant ( ! ,"l mu/ n /rive 9 e>?ly battles4 ,arms may be lawful = ! ,*ri/ian citiz51 b x is felt to be unseemly t ! m9i/]s :o are ! ambassadors ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace %\ld !mselves be m5 ( blood4 ,ev5 9 ! ,middle ,ages fight+ prelates l ,odo1 ,bi%op ( ,bayeux1 7 felt to be exceptional anomalies2 & ! pr9ce-bi%ops & electoral ar*bi%ops 7 (t5 ecclesia/ics only 9 "n4 ,to-day ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ,france res5ts ! conscription ( its sem9>i/s z an act ( v9dictive p]secution4 ,& yet ! gr[? ( ,*ri/ian s5tim5t 9 fav\r ( peace has n prev5t$ ! occasional comb9ation ( ! soldi] & ! ecclesia/ic4 ,if ,islam has _h its armies ( d]vi%es1 ,cyril's monks f\ght = or?odoxy at ,alex&ria & at ,con/ant9ople ) all ! f]ocity ( wild bea/s4 ,! ,crusad]s1 ! ,templ>s1 ! ,knights ( ,/4 ,john1 7 9 v>y+ degrees p>tly prie/s & p>tly soldi]s4 ,cromwell's ,ironsides1 :5 !y 7 wield+ c>nal weapons 9 _! own def5ce or 9 any o!r good cause1 7 z exp]t z any ,levites at exhortations & psalms & pray]s2 & 9 our own day c]ta9 g5]als & admirals are fond ( play+ ! amateur ecclesia/ic4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 s mu* else1 :ile we d5y ! =m ( ,judaism1 we reta9 its _s4 ,havelock & ,gordon 7 no unwor?y successors ( ! ,maccabees4 ,! *>act]i/ic function1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,jewi% prie/hood 0 _! m9i/ry 9 public wor%ip1 9 :i* !y repres5t$ ! p be=e ,jehovah4 ,9 ?is connection public wor%ip does n necess>ily imply t ! public 7 pres5t1 or t ! wor%ip 9 "q 0 ! unit$ act ( a great assembly4 ,su* wor%ipp+ assemblies 7 n uncommon1 especially at ! fea/s2 b ord9>y public wor%ip 0 wor%ip on behalf ( ! p1 n by ! p4 ,! prie/s & ,levites 7 "p ( an elaborate sy/em ( symbolic ritual4 ,wor%ipp]s might ga!r 9 ! ,temple c\rts1 b ! ,temple itself 0 n a place 9 :i* public meet+s = wor%ip 7 held1 & ! p 7 n admitt$ into x4 ,! ,temple 0 ,jehovah's h\se1 & ,8 pres5ce !re 0 symbolis$ by ! ,ark4 ,9 ?is sy/em ( ritual ! prie/s & ,levites repres5t$ ,israel2 _! sacrifices & m9i/rations 7 ! acceptable (f]+s ( ! nation to ,god4 ,if ! sacrifices 7 duly (f]$ by ! prie/s 8accord+ to all t 0 writt5 9 ! law ( ,jehovah1 & if ! prie/s ) trumpets & ! ,levites ) psalt]ies1 & h>ps1 & cymbals duly m9i/]$ be=e ! ark ( ,jehovah to celebrate1 & ?ank1 & praise ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel10 !n ! ,div9e s]vice ( ,israel 0 fully p]=m$4 ,! :ole p c\ld n be regul>ly pres5t at a s+le sanctu>y1 nor w\ld !y be adequately repres5t$ by ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem & casual visitors f ! re/ ( ! c\ntry4 ,?ree times a ye> ! nation 0 fully & naturally repres5t$ by ^? :o came up to ! fea/s1 b usually ! prie/s & ,levites /ood 9 _! place4 ,:5 an assembly ga!r$ = public wor%ip at a fea/ or any o!r "t1 ! prie/s & ,levites express$ ! devotion ( ! p4 ,!y p]=m$ ! sacrificial rites1 !y blew ! trumpets & play$ ^u ! psalt]ies1 & h>ps1 & cymbals1 & sang ! praises ( ,jehovah4 ,! p 7 dismiss$ by ! prie/ly bless+4 ,:5 an individual (f]$ a sacrifice z an act ( private wor%ip1 ! assi/ance ( ! prie/s & ,levites 0 /ill necess>y4 ,at ! same "t ! k+ z well z ! prie/hood might lead ! p 9 praise & pray]1 & ! ,temple psalmody 0 n conf9$ to ! ,levitical *oir4 ,:5 ! ,ark 0 br\ght away f ,kirja?-je>im1 8,david & all ,israel play$ be=e ,god ) all _! might1 ev5 ) songs1 & ) h>ps1 & ) psalt]ies1 & ) timbrels1 & ) cymbals1 & ) trumpets02 & :5 at la/ ! ,ark _h be5 safely h\s$ 9 ,j]usalem1 & ! due sacrifices _h all be5 (f]$1 ,david dismiss$ ! p 9 prie/ly fa%ion by bless+ !m 9 ! "n ( ,jehovah47#bgg7 ,at ! two solemn assemblies :i* celebrat$ ! beg9n+ & ! close ( ! great ent]prise ( build+ ! ,temple1 public pray] 0 (f]$1 n by ! prie/s1 b by ,david7#bgh7 & ,solomon47#bgi7 ,simil>ly ,jeho%aphat l$ ! pray]s ( ! ,jews :5 !y ga!r$ to seek deliv]ance f ! invad+ ,moabites & ,ammonites4 ,hezekiah at 8 great passov] bo? exhort$ ! p & int]c$$ = !m1 & ,jehovah accept$ 8 int]cession2 b on ?is occasion1 :5 ! fe/ival 0 ov]1 x 0 n ! k+1 b 8! prie/s ! ,levites107#bhj7 :o 8arose & bless$ ! p3 & _! voice 0 he>d1 & _! pray] came up to ,8 holy habitation1 ev5 unto heav540 ,9 ! descriptions ( ,hezekiah's & ,josiah's fe/ivals1 ! or*e/ra & *oir1 ( c\rse1 are busy ) ! music & s++2 o!rwise ! ma9 duty ( ! prie/s & ,levites is to sacrifice4 ,9 8 graphic acc\nt ( ,josiah's passov]1 ! *ronicl] no d\bt reproduces on a l>g] scale ! busy sc5es 9 :i* he himself _h (t5 tak5 "p4 ,! k+1 ! pr9ces1 & ! *iefs ( ! ,levites _h provid$ betwe5 !m ?irty-sev5 ?\s& six hundr$ lambs & kids & ?ree ?\s& eight hundr$ ox5 = sacrifices2 & ! res\rces ( ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,temple 7 tax$ to ! utmo/4 8,s ! s]vice 0 prep>$1 & ! prie/s /ood 9 _! place1 & ! ,levites by ! c\rses1 accord+ to ! k+'s comm&m5t4 ,& !y kill$ ! passov]1 & ! prie/s spr9kl$ ! blood1 :i* !y receiv$ ( _! h&1 & ! ,levites flay$ ! sacrifices4 ,& !y remov$ ! burnt (f]+s1 t !y might give !m accord+ to ! divisions ( ! fa!rs' h\ses ( ! *ildr5 ( ! p1 to (f] unto ,jehovah1 z x is writt5 9 ! law ( ,moses2 & s !y did ) ! ox54 ,& !y roa/$ ! passov] accord+ to ! ord9ance2 & !y boil$ ! holy (f]+s 9 pots1 & caldrons1 & pans1 & c>ri$ !m quickly to all ! *ildr5 ( ! p4 ,& aft]w>d !y prep>$ = !mselves & = ! prie/s1 because ! prie/s ! sons ( ,a>on 7 busi$ 9 (f]+ ! burnt (f]+s & ! fat until night2 !re=e ! ,levites prep>$ = !mselves & = ! prie/s ! sons ( ,a>on4 ,& ! s+]s 7 9 _! place1 & ! port]s 7 at _! sev]al gates2 !y ne$$ n to dep>t f _! s]vice1 = _! bre?r5 ! ,levites prep>$ = !m4 ,s all ! s]vice ( ,jehovah 0 prep>$ ! same day1 to keep ! passov]1 & to (f] burnt (f]+s ^u ! alt> ( ,jehovah407#bha7 ,?us ev5 9 ! acc\nts ( great public ga!r+s = wor%ip ! ma9 duty ( ! prie/s & ,levites is to p]=m ! sacrifices4 ,! music & s++ naturally fall into _! h&s1 because ! necess>y tra9+ is only possible to a pr(essional *oir4 ,o!rwise ! n[ symbolic portions ( ! s]vice1 pray]1 exhortation1 & bless+1 7 n exclusively res]v$ to ecclesia/ics4 ,! prie/hood1 l ! ,ark1 ! ,temple1 & ! ritual1 belong$ ess5tially to ! sy/em ( religi\s symbolism4 ,?is 0 _! peculi> doma91 into :i* no outsid] might intrude4 ,only ! ,levites c\ld t\* ! ,ark4 ,:5 ! unhappy ,uzzah 8put =? 8 h& to ! ,ark10 8! ang] ( ,jehovah 0 k9dl$ aga9/ him2 & he smote ,uzzah s t he di$ !re be=e ,god407#bhb7 ,! k+ might (f] up public pray]2 b :5 ,uzziah v5tur$ to g into ! ,temple to burn inc5se ^u ! alt> ( inc5se1 leprosy broke =? 9 8 =ehead1 & ! prie/s ?ru/ him out quickly f ! ,temple47#bhc7 ,?us ! symbolic & repres5tative "* ( ! prie/hood & ritual gave ! sacrifices & o!r c]emonies a value 9 !mselves1 ap>t alike f ! pres5ce ( wor%ipp]s & ! feel+s or 8int5tion0 ( ! (ficiat+ m9i/]4 ,!y 7 ! provision made by ,israel = ! expression ( its pray]1 its p5it5ce & ?anksgiv+4 ,:5 s9 _h e/rang$ ,jehovah f ,8 p1 ! sons ( ,a>on made atonem5t = ,israel2 !y p]=m$ ! ,div9ely appo9t$ ritual by :i* ! nation made submission to its (f5d$ ,k+ & ca/ itself ^u ,8 m]cy4 ,! ,jewi% sacrifices _h features :i* h surviv$ 9 ! sacrifice ( ! ,mass1 & ! multiplication ( sacrifices arose f motives simil> to ^? t lead to ! (f]+ up ( _m masses4 ,"o w\ld expect1 z has happ5$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 t ! m9i/rants ( ! symbolic ritual w\ld annex ! o!r acts ( public wor%ip1 n only praise1 b also pray] & exhortation4 ,consid]ations ( conv5i5ce w\ld sugge/ su* an amalgamation ( functions2 & among ! prie/s1 :ile ! m ambiti\s w\ld see 9 prea*+ a means ( ext5d+ _! au?ority1 ! m e>ne/ w\ld be anxi\s to use _! unique position to promote ! spiritual life ( ! p4 ,*ronicles1 h[ev]1 af=ds few traces ( any su* t5d5cy2 & ! great sc5e 9 ! book ( ,nehemiah 9 :i* ,ezra & ! ,levites exp\nd ! ,law _h no connection ) ! ,temple & its ritual4 ,! developm5t ( ! ,temple s]vice 0 *eck$ by its exclusive privileges2 x 0 simply impossible t ! s+le sanctu>y %\ld cont9ue to provide = all ! religi\s wants ( ! ,jews1 & ?us supplem5t>y & inf]ior places ( wor%ip grew up to appropriate ! non-ritual elem5ts ( s]vice4 ,probably ev5 9 ! *ronicl]'s "t ! division ( religi\s s]vices betwe5 ! ,temple & ! synagogue _h already begun1 ) ! result t ! repres5tative & symbolic "* ( ! prie/hood is almo/ exclusively emphasis$4 ,! repres5tative "* ( ! prie/hood has ano!r aspect4 ,/rictly ! prie/ repres5t$ ! nation be=e ,jehovah2 b 9 do+ s x 0 inevitable t he %\ld also 9 "s measure repres5t ,jehovah to ! nation4 ,he c\ld n be ! *annel ( wor%ip (f]$ to ,god )\t be+ also ! *annel ( ,div9e grace to man4 ,f ! prie/ ! wor%ipp] le>nt ! w ( ,god z to correct ritual1 & receiv$ ! assurance t ! aton+ sacrifice 0 duly accept$4 ,! high-prie/ ent]$ )9 ! veil to make atonem5t = ,israel2 he came =? z ! be>] ( ,div9e =giv5ess & r5ew$ grace1 & z he bless$ ! p he spoke 9 ! "n ( ,jehovah4 ,we h be5 able to disc]n ! pres5ce ( ^! ideas 9 ,*ronicles1 b !y are n v conspicu\s4 ,! *ronicl] 0 n a layman2 he 0 too famili> ) prie/s to feel any pr(\nd rev]5ce = !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 he 0 n himself a prie/1 b 0 specially preoccupi$ ) ! musicians1 ! ,levites1 & ! doorkeep]s2 s t probably he does n give u an adequate idea ( ! relative dignity ( ! prie/s & ! hon\r 9 :i* !y 7 held by ! p4 ,organi/s & *oirma/]s1 x is said1 seldom take an exalt$ view ( _! m9i/]'s (fice4 ,! *ronicl] deals m fully ) a matt] 9 :i* prie/s & ,levites 7 alike int]e/$3 ! rev5ues ( ! ,temple4 ,he 0 d\btless aw>e ( ! b\ntiful provision made by ! ,law = 8 ord]1 & lov$ to hold up ?is lib]ality ( k+s1 pr9ces1 & p 9 anci5t days = 8 contempor>ies to admire & imitate4 ,he records aga9 & aga9 ! t5s ( ?\s&s ( %eep & ox5 provid$ = sacrifice1 n altoge!r unm9dful ( ! ri* dues t mu/ h accru$ to ! prie/s out ( all ?is abundance2 he tells u h[ ,hezekiah fir/ set ! good example ( appo9t+ 8a portion ( 8 sub/ance = ! burnt (f]+s10 & !n 8comm&$ ! p t dwelt at ,j]usalem to give ! portion ( ! prie/s & ! ,levites t !y might give !mselves to ! law ( ! ,"l4 ,& z soon z ! comm&m5t came abroad ! *ildr5 ( ,israel gave 9 abundance ! fir/-fruits ( corn1 w9e1 & oil1 & honey1 & ( all ! increase ( ! field2 & ! ti! ( all ?+s br\ght !y 9 abundantly407#bhd7 ,^! 7 ! days ( old1 ! anci5t ye>s :5 ! (f]+ ( ,judah & ,j]usalem 0 pleasant to ,jehovah2 :5 ! p nei!r d>$ nor desir$ to (f] on ,god's alt> a scanty tale ( bl9d1 lame1 & sick victims2 :5 ! ti!s 7 n kept back1 & !re 0 meat 9 ! h\se ( ,god7#bhe72 :51 z ,hezekiah's high-prie/ te/ifi$1 !y c\ld eat & h en\gh & yet leave pl5ty47#bhf7 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! *ronicl] tells ! tale ( anci5t abundance sugge/s t 8 days 7 l ! days ( ,mala*i4 ,he 0 no pamp]$ ecclesia/ic1 revell+ 9 pres5t weal? & luxury1 b a man :o suff]$ h>d times1 & look$ back wi/fully to ! happi] exp]i5ces ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,let u n[ re/ore ! complete picture ( ! *ronicl]'s prie/ f 8 scatt]$ ref]5ces to ! subject4 ,! prie/ repres5ts ! nation be=e ,jehovah1 & 9 a less degree repres5ts ,jehovah to ! nation2 he leads _! public wor%ip1 especially at ! great fe/al ga!r+s2 he tea*es ! p ! ,law4 ,! high "*1 culture1 & ability ( ! prie/s & ,levites occasions _! employm5t z judges & 9 o!r responsible civil (fices4 ,if occasion requir$1 !y c\ld %[ !mselves mighty m5 ( val\r 9 _! c\ntry's w>s4 ,"u pi\s k+s1 !y enjoy$ ample rev5ues :i* gave !m indep5d5ce1 add$ to _! importance 9 ! eyes ( ! p1 & left !m at leisure to devote !mselves exclusively to _! sacr$ duties4 ,9 consid]+ ! significance ( ?is picture1 we c pass ov] )\t special notice ! ex]cise by prie/s & ,levites ( ! functions ( lead]%ip 9 public wor%ip1 tea*+1 & civil gov]nm5t4 ,!y are n ess5tial to ! prie/hood1 b are entirely consi/5t ) ! t5ure ( ! prie/ly (fice1 & naturally become associat$ ) x4 ,w>like pr[ess 0 c]ta9ly no "p ( ! prie/hood2 b1 :atev] may be true ( ,*ri/ian m9i/]s1 x is difficult to *>ge ! prie/s ( ! ,"l ( ho/s ) inconsi/5cy because1 l ,jehovah ,himself1 !y 7 m5 ( w>7#bhg7 & w5t =? to battle 9 ! armies ( ,israel4 ,:5 a nation 0 cont9ually fight+ = its v exi/5ce1 x 0 impossible = "o tribe out ( ! twelve to be non-combatant4 ,) reg>d to ! repres5tative "* ( ! prie/s1 x w\ld be out ( place "h to ent] ^u ! burn+ que/ions ( sac]dotalism2 b we may briefly po9t out ! p]man5t tru? und]ly+ ! anci5t idea ( ! prie/hood4 ,! ideal spiritual life 9 e ,*ur* is "o ( direct fell[%ip betwe5 ,god & ! believ]4 8,speak to ,him1 ?\1 = ,he he>s1 & _s ) _s c meet2 ,clos] is ,he ?an brea?+1 & ne>] ?an h&s & feet40 ,& yet a man may be truly religi\s & n realise ?is ideal1 or only realise x v imp]fectly4 ,! gift ( an int5se & real spiritual life may belong to ! humble/ & poore/1 to m5 ( little intellect & less le>n+2 b1 none ! less1 x is n )9 ! imm$iate rea* ( e believ]1 or inde$ ( any believ] at e "t4 ,! desc5dants ( ,mr4 ,little-fai? & ,mr4 ,ready-to-halt are among/ u /ill1 & !re is no imm$iate prospect ( _! race becom+ ext9ct4 ,times come :5 we are all glad to put ourselves "u ! safe conduct ( ,mr4 ,great-he>t4 ,!re are _m ^: pray]s seem to !mselves too feebly w+$ to rise to ! ?rone ( grace2 !y are enc\rag$ & help$ :5 _! petitions are borne upw>ds on ! /rong p9ions ( ano!r's fai?4 ,george ,eliot has pictur$ ! ,flor5t9es z aw$ spectators ( ,savon>ola's audi5ces ) ,heav54 ,to a congregation sometimes ! m9i/]'s pray]s are a sacr$ & solemn spectacle2 8 spiritual feel+ is beyond !m2 he int]c$es = bless+s !y nei!r desire nor und]/&2 !y miss ! heav5ly vision :i* /irs 8 s\l4 ,he is n _! spokesman1 b _! prie/2 he has ent]$ ! holy place1 be>+ ) him ! s9s t crave =giv5ess1 ! fe>s t beg = deliv]ance1 ! hopes t ye>n to be fulfill$4 ,?\gh ! p may rema9 9 ! out] c\rt1 yet !y are fully assur$ t he has pass$ into ! v pres5ce ( ,god4 ,!y li/5 to him z to "o :o has _h actual spee* ) ! ,k+ & receiv$ ! assurance ( ,8 goodwill t[>ds !m4 ,:5 ! vangu>d ( ! ,t5 ,?\s& fir/ sight$ ! ,eux9e1 ! cry ( 8,?alassa6 ,?alassa60 78,! sea6 ! sea607 roll$ backw>d along ! l9e ( m>*2 ! re>gu>d saw ! long-hop$-= sight ) ! eyes ( ! pione]s4 ,mu* unnecess>y self-reproa* w\ld be avoid$ if we accept$ ?is z "o ( ,god's me?ods ( spiritual education1 & und]/ood t we all h 9 a measure to exp]i5ce ?is discipl9e 9 humility4 ,! prie/hood ( ! believ] is n m]ely 8 "r to ent] = himself into ! imm$iate pres5ce ( ,god3 x becomes 8 duty & privilege to repres5t o!rs4 ,b times w also come :5 he himself w ne$ ! support ( a prie/ly int]cession 9 ! ,div9e pres5ce-*amb]1 :5 he w seek out "s "o ( quick sympa?y & /rong fai? & say1 8,bro!r1 pray = me40 ,ap>t f any ecclesia/ical !ory ( ! prie/hood1 we all recognise t !re are ,god-orda9$ prie/s1 m5 & wom51 :o c inspire dull s\ls ) a s5se ( ! ,div9e pres5ce & br+ to ! s9ful & ! /ruggl+ ! assurance ( ,div9e =giv5ess & help4 ,if "o 9 t5 among ! (ficial prie/s ( ! hi/oric ,*ur*es _h possess$ ^! supreme gifts1 ! _w w\ld h accept$ ! mo/ extravagant sac]dotalism )\t a murmur4 ,z x is1 e m9i/]1 e "o :o leads ! wor%ip ( a congregation1 assumes = ! "t be+ functions & %\ld possess ! correspond+ qualifications4 ,9 8 pray]s he speaks = ! p2 he repres5ts !m be=e ,god2 on _! behalf he ent]s into ! ,div9e pres5ce2 !y only ent] ) him1 if1 z _! spokesman & repres5tative1 he has grasp$ _! feel+s & rais$ !m to ! level ( ,div9e fell[%ip4 ,he may be an untutor$ lab\r] 9 8 work+ g>m5ts2 b if he c d ?is1 ?is spiritual gift makes him a prie/ ( ,god4 ,b ?is ,*ri/ian prie/hood is n conf9$ to public s]vice2 z ! prie/ (f]$ sacrifice = ! individual ,jew1 s ! man ( spiritual sympa?ies helps ! individual to draw ne> 8 ,mak]4 8,to pray ) p0 is a well-kn[n m9i/ry ( ,*ri/ian s]vice1 & x involves ?is prie/ly function ( pres5t+ ano!r's pray]s to ,god4 ,?is prie/hood = individuals is ex]cis$ by _m a ,*ri/ian :o has no gifts ( public utt]ance4 ,! anci5t prie/ held a repres5tative position 9 a symbolic ritual1 a position p>tly indep5d5t ( 8 "* & spiritual p[]s4 ,:]e symbolic ritual is be/ suit$ = popul> ne$s1 !re may be room = a simil> prie/hood to-day4 ,o!rwise ! ,*ri/ian prie/hood is requir$ to repres5t ! p n 9 symbol1 b 9 reality1 to c>ry n ! blood ( dead victims into a mat]ial ,holy ( holies1 b liv+ s\ls into ! heav5ly temple4 ,!re rema9s "o feature ( ! ,jewi% prie/ly sy/em ^u :i* ! *ronicl] lays great /ress3 ! end[m5ts & prie/ly dues4 ,9 ! case ( ! high-prie/ & ! ,levites1 ^: :ole "t 0 devot$ to sacr$ duties1 x 0 obvi\sly necess>y t ^? :o s]v$ ! alt> %\ld live by ! alt>4 ,! same pr9ciple w\ld apply1 b ) mu* less =ce1 to ! tw5ty-f\r c\rses ( prie/s1 ea* ( :i* 9 its turn (ficiat$ at ! ,temple4 ,b1 ap>t f ! ne$s ( ! prie/hood1 _! repres5tative "* dem&$ t !y %\ld be able to ma9ta9 a c]ta9 /ate4 ,!y 7 ! ambassadors ( ,israel to ,jehovah4 ,nations h always be5 anxi\s t ! equipm5t & suite ( _! repres5tative at a =eign c\rt %\ld be wor?y ( _! p[] & weal?2 moreov]1 ! spl5d\r ( an embassy %\ld be 9 proportion to ! rank ( ! sov]eign to :om x is accr$it$4 ,9 =m] times1 :5 ! social symbols 7 held ( m acc\nt1 a fir/-rate p[] w\ld h felt itself insult$ if ask$ to receive an envoy ( inf]ior rank1 att5d$ by only a meagre tra94 ,israel1 by h] lavi% end[m5t ( ! prie/hood1 consult$ h] own dignity & express$ h] s5se ( ! homage due to ,jehovah4 ,! ,jews c\ld n express _! devotion 9 ! same way z o!r nations4 ,!y _h to be cont5t ) a s+le sanctu>y1 & might n build a multitude ( magnific5t temples or adorn _! cities ) spl5did1 co/ly /atues 9 hon\r ( ,god4 ,!re 7 limits to _! exp5diture ^u ! sacrifices & build+s ( ! ,temple2 b ! prie/hood (f]$ a l>ge opportunity = pi\s g5]osity4 ,! *ronicl] felt t loyal en?usiasm to ,jehovah w\ld always use ?is opportunity1 & t ! prie/s might cons5t to accept ! di/9ction ( weal? & spl5d\r = ! hon\r alike ( ,israel & ,jehovah4 ,_! dignity 0 n p]sonal to !mselves1 b r ! liv]y ( a self-effac+ s]vitude4 ,= ! hon\r ( ! ,*ur*1 ,?omas ,becket kept up a great e/abli%m5t1 appe>$ 9 8 robes ( (fice1 & ent]ta9$ a cr[d ( gue/s ) luxuri\s f>e2 :ile he himself wore a hair %irt next 8 sk9 & fa/$ l an ascetic monk4 ,:5 ! ,jews /9t$ ! ritual or ! m9i/rants ( ,jehovah1 !y 7 do+ :at !y c\ld to put ,him to op5 %ame be=e ! nations4 ,julian's exp]i5ce 9 ! grove ( ,daphne at ,antio* 0 a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! collapse ( paganism3 ! imp]ial *ampion ( ! anci5t gods mu/ h felt 8 he>t s9k )9 him :5 he 0 welcom$ to t once spl5did sanctu>y by "o %abby prie/ dragg+ a solit>y & reluctant goose to ! des]t$ alt>4 ,simil>ly ,mala*i saw t ,israel's devotion to ,jehovah 0 9 dang] ( dy+ out :5 m5 *ose ! refuse ( _! flocks & h]ds & (f]$ !m grudg+ly at ! %r9e4 ,! application ( ^! pr9ciples leads directly to ! "q ( a paid m9i/ry2 b ! connection is n s close z x appe>s at fir/ sight1 nor are we yet 9 possession ( all ! data :i* ! *ronicl] furni%es = its discussion4 ,prie/ly duties =m an ess5tial1 b n pr$om9ant1 "p ( ! "w ( mo/ ,*ri/ian m9i/]s4 ,/ill ! loyal believ] mu/ always be anxi\s t ! build+s1 ! s]vices1 & ! m5 :i*1 = himself & = ! _w1 repres5t 8 devotion to ,*ri/1 %\ld be wor?y ( _! high call+4 ,b 8 ideas ( ! symbolism suitable = spiritual realities are n altoge!r ^? ( ! *ronicl]3 he is less conc]n$ ) numb]1 size1 & weight1 ) t5s ( ?\s&s ( %eep & ox51 va/ quantities ( /one & timb]1 brass & iron1 & innum]able tal5ts ( gold & silv]4 ,moreov]1 9 ?is special connection ! second>y prie/ly function ( repres5t+ ,god to man has be5 expressly transf]r$ by ,*ri/ to ! lea/ ( ,8 bre?r54 ,^? :o wi% to hon\r ,god ) _! sub/ance 9 ! p]son ( ,8 e>?ly repres5tatives are enjo9$ to seek = !m 9 hospitals1 & workh\ses1 & prisons1 to f9d ^! repres5tatives 9 ! hungry1 ! ?ir/y1 ! fri5dless1 ! nak$1 ! captives4 ,no d\bt ,*ri/ is di%on\r$ :5 ^? :o dwell 9 8h\ses ( c$>0 are cont5t to wor%ip ,him 9 a mean1 dirty *ur*1 ) a half-/>v$ m9i/]2 b ! mo/ disgraceful pro( ( ! ,*ur*'s disloyalty to ,*ri/ is to be se5 9 ! squalor & mis]y ( m51 & wom51 & *ildr5 ^: bodies 7 orda9$ ( ,god to be ! temples ( ,8 ,holy ,_s4 ,?is is only "o among _m illu/rations ( ! tru? t 9 ,*ri/ ! symbolism ( religion took a new dep>ture4 ,8 ,*ur* enjoys ! spiritual realities prefigur$ by ! ,jewi% temple & its m9i/ry4 ,ev5 :]e ,*ri/ian symbols are p>allel to ^? ( ,judaism1 !y are less conv5tional & ri*] 9 _! direct spiritual sugge/iv5ess4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,! ,prophets4 ,"o rem>kable feature ( ,*ronicles z comp>$ ) ! book ( ,k+s is ! great] int]e/ %[n by ! =m] 9 ! prophets ( ,judah4 ,! *ronicl]1 by conf9+ 8 att5tion to ! s\!rn k+dom1 0 compell$ to omit almo/ all ref]5ce to ,elijah & ,eli%a1 & ?us exclude f 8 "w "s ( ! mo/ ?rill+ *apt]s 9 ! hi/ory ( ! prophets ( ,israel4 ,nev]!less ! prophets z a :ole play almo/ z important a "p 9 ,*ronicles z 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,comp5sation is made = ! omission ( ! two great nor!rn prophets by ins]t+ acc\nts ( sev]al prophets ^: messages 7 address$ to ! k+s ( ,judah4 ,! *ronicl]'s int]e/ 9 ! prophets 0 v diff]5t f ! int]e/ he took 9 ! prie/s & ,levites4 ,! latt] belong$ to ! in/itutions ( 8 own "t1 & =m$ 8 own imm$iate circle4 ,9 deal+ ) _! pa/1 he 0 recon/ruct+ ! hi/ory ( 8 own ord]2 he 0 able to illu/rate & supplem5t f obs]vation & exp]i5ce ! in=mation af=d$ by 8 s\rces4 ,b :5 ! *ronicl] wrote1 prophets _h ceas$ to be a liv+ in/itution 9 ,judah4 ,! light t _h %one s brightly 9 ,isaiah & ,j]emiah burn$ feebly 9 ,haggai1 ,ze*>iah1 & ,mala*i1 & !n w5t out4 ,n long aft] ! *ronicl]'s "t ! failure ( prophecy is expressly recognis$4 ,! p ^: synagogues h be5 burnt up compla91-- 8,we see n our signs2 ,!re is no m any prophet407#bhh7 ,:5 ,judas ,maccabu appo9t$ c]ta9 prie/s to cleanse ! ,temple aft] its pollution by ! ,syrians1 !y pull$ d[n ! alt> ( burnt (f]+s because ! hea!n _h defil$ x1 & laid up ! /ones 9 ! m\nta9 ( ! ,temple 9 a conv5i5t place1 until !re %\ld come a prophet to %[ :at %\ld be done ) !m47#bhi7 ,?is failure ( prophecy 0 n m]ely brief & transi5t4 ,x m>k$ ! disappe>ance ( ! anci5t ord] ( prophets4 ,a p>allel case %[s h[ ! ,jews _h become aw>e t ! high-prie/ no long] possess$ ! special gifts connect$ ) ! ,urim & ,?ummim4 ,:5 c]ta9 prie/s c\ld n f9d _! g5ealogies1 !y 7 =bidd5 8to eat ( ! mo/ holy ?+s till !re /ood up a prie/ ) ,urim & ) ,?ummim407#bij7 ,we h no record ( any subsequ5t appe>ance ( 8a prie/ ) ,urim & ) ,?ummim0 or ( any prophet ( ! old ord]4 ,?us ! *ronicl] _h nev] se5 a prophet2 8 conception ( ! p]sonality & (fice ( ! prophet 0 entirely bas$ ^u anci5t lit]ature1 & he took no pr(essional int]e/ 9 ! ord]4 ,at ! same "t he _h no prejudice aga9/ !m2 !y _h no liv+ successors to compete = influ5ce & end[m5ts ) ! prie/s & ,levites4 ,possibly ! ,levites1 z ! *ief religi\s tea*]s ( ! p1 claim$ "s sort ( apo/olic succession f ! prophets2 b !re are v slight gr\nds = any su* !ory4 ,! *ronicl]'s in=mation on ! :ole subject 0 t ( a s*ol> ) a ta/e = antiqu>ian rese>*4 ,let u briefly exam9e ! "p play$ by ! prophets 9 ! hi/ory ( ,judah z giv5 by ,*ronicles4 ,we h fir/1 z 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 ! ref]5ces to ,na?an & ,gad3 !y make kn[n to ,david ! w ( ,jehovah z reg>ds ! build+ ( ! ,temple & ! puni%m5t ( ,david's pride 9 tak+ ! c5sus ( ,israel4 ,david unhesitat+ly accepts _! messages z ! ^w ( ,jehovah4 ,x is important to notice t :5 ,na?an is consult$ ab\t build+ ! ,temple he fir/ answ]s1 app>5tly giv+ a m]e private op9ion1 8,d all t is 9 ?9e he>t1 = ,god is ) !e02 b :5 8! ^w ( ,god comes0 to him1 he retracts 8 =m] judgm5t & =bids ,david to build ! ,temple4 ,"h aga9 ! plan ( ! *ronicl]'s "w leads to an important omission3 8 sil5ce z to ! murd] ( ,uriah prev5ts him f giv+ ! beautiful & in/ructive acc\nt ( ! way 9 :i* ,na?an rebuk$ ! guilty k+4 ,lat] n>ratives exhibit o!r prophets 9 ! act ( rebuk+ mo/ ( ! k+s ( ,judah1 b none ( ^! incid5ts are equally /rik+ & pa!tic4 ,at ! end ( ! hi/ories ( ,david & ( mo/ ( ! lat] k+s we f9d notes :i* app>5tly indicate t1 9 ! *ronicl]'s "t1 ! prophets 7 cr$it$ ) hav+ writt5 ! annals ( ! k+s ) :om !y 7 contempor>y4 ,9 connection ) ,hezekiah's re=mation we are incid5tally told t ,na?an & ,gad 7 associat$ ) ,david 9 mak+ arrangem5ts = ! music ( ! ,temple3 8,he set ! ,levites 9 ! h\se ( ,jehovah1 ) cymbals1 ) psalt]ies1 & ) h>ps1 accord+ to ! comm&m5t ( ,david & ( ,gad ! k+'s se] & ,na?an ! prophet1 = ! comm&m5t 0 ( ,jehovah by ,8 prophets407#bia7 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ,solomon's reign1 ! *ronicl] omits ! int]view ( ,ahijah ! ,%ilonite ) ,j]oboam1 b ref]s to x 9 ! hi/ory ( ,rehoboam4 ,f ?is po9t1 9 accordance ) 8 g5]al plan1 he omits almo/ all missions ( prophets to ! nor!rn k+s4 ,9 ,rehoboam's reign1 we h record$1 z 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 a message f ,jehovah by ,%emaiah =bidd+ ! k+ & 8 two tribes ( ,judah & ,b5jam9 to attempt to compel ! nor!rn tribes to return to _! allegiance to ! h\se ( ,david4 ,lat] on1 :5 ,%i%ak invad$ ,judah1 ,%emaiah 0 commission$ to deliv] to ! k+ & pr9ces ! message1 8,?us sai? ,jehovah3 ,ye h =sak5 ,me2 !re=e h ,i also left y 9 ! h& ( ,%i%ak407#bib7 ,b :5 !y rep5t$ & humbl$ !mselves be=e ,jehovah1 ,%emaiah ann\nc$ to !m ! mitigation ( _! puni%m5t4 ,asa's re=mation 0 due to ! inspir$ exhortations ( a prophet call$ bo? ,od$ & ,az>iah ! son ( ,od$4 ,lat] on ,hanani ! se] rebuk$ ! k+ = 8 alliance ) ,b5hadad1 k+ ( ,syria4 8,!n ,asa 0 wro? ) ! se]1 & put him 9 ! prison-h\se2 = he 0 9 a rage ) him because ( ?is ?+407#bic7 ,jeho%aphat's alliance ) ,ahab & 8 consequ5t visit to ,sam>ia enabl$ ! *ronicl] to introduce f ! book ( ,k+s ! /rik+ n>rative ( ,micaiah ! son ( ,imlah2 b ?is alliance ) ,israel e>n$ = ! k+ ! rebukes ( ,jehu ! son ( ,hanani ! se] & ,eliez> ! son ( ,dodavahu ( ,m>e%ah4 ,h[ev]1 on ! occasion ( ! ,moabite & ,ammonite invasion ,jeho%aphat & 8 p receiv$ ! promise ( ,div9e deliv]ance f 8,jahaziel ! son ( ,ze*>iah1 ! son ( ,b5aiah1 ! son ( ,jeiel1 ! son ( ,mattaniah ! ,levite1 ( ! sons ( ,asaph407#bid7 ,! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ k+ ,jehoram 0 ann\nc$ to him by a 8writ+ f ,elijah ! prophet407#bie7 ,8 son ,ahaziah app>5tly p]i%$ )\t any prophetic w>n+2 b :5 ,joa% & 8 pr9ces =sook ! h\se ( ,jehovah & s]v$ ! ,a%]im & ! idols1 8,he s5t prophets to !m to br+ !m aga9 to ,jehovah10 among ! re/ ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada ! prie/4 ,joa% turn$ a deaf e> to ! message1 & put ! prophet to dea?47#bif7 ,:5 ,amaziah b[$ d[n be=e ! gods ( ,edom & burn$ inc5se unto !m1 ,jehovah s5t unto him a prophet ^: "n is n record$4 ,8 mission fail$1 l t ( ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada2 & ,amaziah1 l ,joa%1 %[$ no respect = ! p]son ( ! mess5g] ( ,jehovah4 ,9 ?is case ! prophet escap$ ) 8 life4 ,he began to deliv] 8 message1 b ! k+'s pati5ce soon fail$1 & he said unto ! prophet1 8,h we made !e ( ! k+'s c\nsel8 =be>2 :y %\lde/ ?\ be smitt580 ,! prophet1 we are told1 8=b>e02 b 8 =be>ance did n prev5t 8 add+ "o brief & bitt] s5t5ce3 8,i "k t ,god ha? det]m9$ to de/roy !e1 because ?\ ha/ done ?is & ha/ n he>k5$ unto my c\nsel407#big7 ,!n app>5tly he dep>t$ 9 peace & 0 n smitt54 ,we h n[ rea*$ ! p]iod ( ! prophets ^: writ+s are extant4 ,we le>n f ! head+s ( _! works t ,isaiah saw 8 8vision10 & t ! ^w ( ,jehovah came unto ,hosea1 9 ! days ( ,uzziah1 ,jo?am1 ,ahaz1 & ,hezekiah2 t ! ^w ( ,jehovah came to ,micah 9 ! days ( ,jo?am1 ,ahaz1 & ,hezekiah2 & t ,amos 8saw0 8 8words0 9 ! days ( ,uzziah4 ,b ! *ronicl] makes no ref]5ce to any ( ^! prophets 9 connection ) ei!r ,uzziah1 ,jo?am1 or ,ahaz4 ,_! writ+s w\ld h af=d$ ! be/ possible mat]ials = 8 hi/ory1 yet he entirely neglect$ !m4 ,9 view ( 8 anxiety to introduce into 8 n>rative all missions ( prophets ( :i* he f\nd any record1 we c only suppose t he 0 s little int]e/$ 9 ! prophetical writ+s t he nei!r ref]r$ to !m nor recollect$ _! dates4 ,to ,ahaz 9 ,*ronicles1 9 spite ( all 8 manifold & p]si/5t idolatry1 no prophet 0 s5t4 ,! abs5ce ( ,div9e w>n+ m>ks 8 extraord9>y wick$ness4 ,9 ! book ( ,samuel ! culm9ation ( ,jehovah's displeasure aga9/ ,saul is %[n by ,8 refusal to answ] him ei!r by dreams1 by ,urim1 or by prophets4 ,he s5ds no prophet to ,ahaz1 because ! wick$ k+ ( ,judah is utt]ly reprobate4 ,prophecy1 ! tok5 ( ! ,div9e pres5ce & fav\r1 has ab&on$ a nation giv5 ov] to idolatry1 & has ev5 tak5 a tempor>y refuge 9 ,sam>ia4 ,j]usalem 0 no long] wor?y to receive ! ,div9e messages1 & ,od$ 0 s5t ) 8 words ( w>n+ & humane exhortation to ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim4 ,!re he met ) a prompt & full ob$i5ce1 9 /rik+ contra/ to ! reception accord$ by ,joa% & ,amaziah to ! prophets ( ,jehovah4 ,! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ! reign ( ,hezekiah fur!r illu/rates 8 indiff]5ce to ! prophets ^: writ+s are extant4 ,9 ! book ( ,k+s great prom95ce is giv5 to ,isaiah4 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ,s5na*]ib's invasion 8 messages to ,hezekiah are giv5 at consid]able l5g?47#bih7 ,he ann\nces to ! k+ 8 approa*+ dea? & ,jehovah's graci\s answ]s to ,hezekiah's pray] = a respite & 8 reque/ = a sign4 ,:5 ,hezekiah1 9 8 pride ( weal?1 display$ 8 treasures to ! ,babylonian ambassadors1 ,isaiah br\ght ! message ( ,div9e rebuke & judgm5t4 ,*ronicles *>act]i/ically devotes ?ree long *apt]s to ritual & ,levites1 & dismisses ,isaiah 9 half a s5t5ce3 8,& ,hezekiah ! k+ & ,isaiah ! prophet1 ! son ( ,amoz1 pray$ because ( ?is0--i4e41 ! ?reat5+ language ( ,s5na*]ib--8& cri$ to ,heav5407#bii7 ,9 ! acc\nts ( ,hezekiah's sickness & recov]y & ( ! ,babylonian embassy ! ref]5ces to ,isaiah are entirely omitt$4 ,^! omissions may be due to lack ( space1 s mu* ( :i* _h be5 devot$ to ! ,levites t !re 0 none to sp>e = ! prophet4 ,inde$1 at ! v po9t :]e prophecy began to ex]cise a controll+ influ5ce ov] ! religion ( ,judah ! *ronicl]'s int]e/ 9 ! subject altoge!r flags4 ,he tells u t ,jehovah spake to ,manasseh & to 8 p1 & ref]s to 8! words ( ! se]s t spake to him 9 ! "n ( ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel027#cjj7 b he names no prophet & does n record ! t]ms ( any ,div9e message4 ,9 ! case ( ,manasseh 8 s\rces may h fail$ him1 b we h se5 t 9 ,hezekiah's reign he delib]ately passes ov] mo/ ( ! ref]5ces to ,isaiah4 ,! *ronicl]s n>rative ( ,josiah's reign adh]es m closely to ! book ( ,k+s4 ,he reproduces ! mission f ! k+ to ! prophetess ,huldah & h] ,div9e message ( pres5t =be>ance & future judgm5t4 ,! o!r prophet ( ?is reign is ! hea!n k+ ,ph>aoh ,ne*o1 ?r\gh ^: m\? ! ,div9e w>n+ is giv5 to ,josiah4 ,j]emiah is only m5tion$ z lam5t+ ov] ! la/ good k+47#cja7 ,9 ! p>allel text ( ?is passage 9 ! apocryphal book ( ,esdras ,ph>aoh's remon/rance is giv5 9 a some:at exp&$ =m2 b ! editor ( ,esdras %rank f mak+ ! hea!n k+ ! m\?piece ( ,jehovah4 ,:ile ,*ronicles tells u t ,josiah 8he>k5$ n unto ! words ( ,neco f ! m\? ( ,god10 ,esdras1 gl>+ly inconsi/5t bo? ) ! context & ! hi/ory1 tells u t he did n reg>d 8! words ( ! prophet ,j]emiah spok5 by ! m\? ( ! ,"l407#cjb7 ,?is am5d$ /atem5t is borr[$ f ! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ,z$ekiah1 :o 8humbl$ n himself be=e ,j]emiah ! prophet1 speak+ f ! m\? ( ,jehovah40 ,b ?is k+ 0 n alone 9 8 disob$i5ce4 ,z ! inevitable ru9 ( ,j]usalem drew ne>1 ! :ole nation1 prie/s & p alike1 sank deep] & deep] 9 s94 ,9 ^! la/ days1 8:]e s9 ab\nd$1 grace did yet m ab\nd40 ,jehovah exhau/$ ! res\rces ( ,8 m]cy3 8,jehovah1 ! ,god ( _! fa!rs1 s5t to !m by ,8 mess5g]s1 ris+ up e>ly & s5d+1 because ,he _h compassion on ,8 p & on ,8 dwell+-place40 ,x 0 all 9 va93 8,!y mock$ ! mess5g]s ( ,god1 & despis$ ,8 words & sc(f$ at ,8 prophets1 until ! wra? ( ,jehovah arose aga9/ ,8 p1 till !re 0 no rem$y40 ,!re are two o!r ref]5ces 9 ! conclud+ p>agraphs ( ,*ronicles to ! prophecies ( ,j]emiah2 b ! hi/ory ( prophecy 9 ,judah closes ) ?is la/ great unavail+ manife/ation ( prophetic activity4 ,be=e consid]+ ! g5]al idea ( ! prophet t may be collect$ f ! v>i\s notices 9 ,*ronicles1 we may devote a little space to ! *ronicl]'s curi\s attitude t[>ds our canonical prophets4 ,= ! mo/ "p he simply foll[s ! book ( ,k+s 9 mak+ no ref]5ce to !m2 b 8 almo/ entire sil5ce z to ,isaiah sugge/s t 8 imitation ( 8 au?ority 9 o!r cases is delib]ate & int5tional1 especially z we f9d him ins]t+ "o or two ref]5ces to ,j]emiah n tak5 f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! *ronicl] _h mu* m opportunity ( us+ ! canonical prophets ?an ! au?or or au?ors ( ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! latt] wrote be=e ,hebrew lit]ature _h be5 collect$ & edit$2 b ! *ronicl] _h access to all ! lit]ature ( ! mon>*y1 ,captivity1 & ev5 lat] times4 ,8 num]\s extracts f almo/ ! entire range ( ! ,hi/orical ,books1 toge!r ) ! ,p5tateu* & ,psalms1 %[ t 8 plan includ$ ! use ( v>i\s s\rces1 & t he _h bo? ! means & ability to "w out 8 plan4 ,he makes two ref]5ces to ,haggai & ,ze*>iah17#cjc7 s t if he ignores ,amos1 ,hosea1 & ,micah1 & all b ignores ,isaiah1 we c only conclude t he does s ( set purpose4 ,hosea & ,amos might be exclud$ on acc\nt ( _! connection ) ! nor!rn k+dom2 possibly ! /rictures ( ,isaiah & ,micah on ! prie/hood & ritual made ! *ronicl] unwill+ to give !m special prom95ce4 ,su* an attitude on ! "p ( a typical repres5tative ( ! prevail+ s*ool ( religi\s ?\ght has an important be>+ on ! textual & o!r criticism ( ! e>ly prophets4 ,if !y 7 neglect$ by ! au?orities ( ! ,temple 9 ! int]val betwe5 ,ezra & ! ,maccabees1 ! possibility ( late additions & alt]ations is consid]ably increas$4 ,let u n[ turn to ! picture ( ! prophets drawn = u by ! *ronicl]4 ,bo? prophet & prie/ are religi\s p]sonages1 o!rwise !y diff] widely 9 almo/ e p>ticul>2 we _c ev5 speak ( !m z bo? hold+ religi\s (fices4 ,! t]m 8(fice0 has to be almo/ unju/ifiably /ra9$ 9 ord] to apply x to ! prophet1 & to use x ?us )\t explanation w\ld be mislead+4 ,! qualifications1 /atus1 duties1 & rew>ds ( ! prie/s are all fully prescrib$ by rigid & elaborate rules2 b ! prophets 7 ! *ildr5 ( ! ,_s3 8,! w9d bl[e? :]e x li/e?1 & ?\ he>e/ ! voice !re(1 b kn[e/ n :5ce x come? & :i!r x goe?2 s is e "o t is born ( ! ,_s40 ,! prie/ 0 b\nd to be a physically p]fect male ( ! h\se ( ,a>on2 ! prophet might be ( any tribe & ( ei!r sex4 ,! w>like ,deborah f\nd a m peaceful successor 9 ,josiah's c\nsellor ,huldah1 & among ! deg5]ate prophets ( ,nehemiah's "t a prophetess ,noadiah7#cjd7 is specially m5tion$4 ,! prie/ly or ,levitical (fice did n exclude its hold] f ! prophetic vocation4 ,! ,levite ,jahaziel deliv]$ ! message ( ,jehovah to ,jeho%aphat2 & ! prophet ,ze*>iah1 :om ,joa% put to dea?1 0 ! son ( ! high-prie/ ,jehoiada1 & !re=e himself a prie/4 ,inde$1 ^u occasion ! prophetic gift 0 ex]cis$ by ^? :om we %\ld sc>cely call prophets at all4 ,ph>aoh ,ne*o's w>n+ to ,jeho%aphat is exactly p>allel to ! prophetic exhortations address$ to o!r k+s4 ,9 ! crisis ( ,david's =tunes at ,ziklag1 :5 ,judah & ,b5jam9 came out to meet him ) app>5tly d\btful int5tions1 _! adhesion to ! future k+ 0 decid$ by a prophetic ^w giv5 to ! mighty w>rior ,amasai3 8,!n ! ,_s came ^u ,amasai1 :o 0 "o ( ! ?irty1 & he said1 ,?9e are we1 ,david1 & on ?y side1 ?\ son ( ,jesse3 peace1 peace1 be unto !e1 & peace be to ?9e help]s2 = ?y ,god helpe? !e407#cje7 ,9 view ( ?is wide di/ribution ( ! prophetic gift1 we are n surpris$ to f9d x frequ5tly ex]cis$ by ! pi\s k+s4 ,!y receive & communicate to ! nation direct intimations ( ! ,div9e w4 ,david gives to ,solomon & ! p ! in/ructions :i* ,god has giv5 him ) reg>d to ! ,temple2 ,god's promises are p]sonally address$ to ,solomon1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( ei!r prophet or prie/2 ,abijah rebukes & exhorts ,j]oboam & ! ,israelites v mu* z o!r prophets address ! wick$ k+s2 ! spee*es ( ,hezekiah & ,josiah might equally well h be5 deliv]$ by "o ( ! prophets4 ,david inde$ is expressly call$ a prophet by ,/4 ,pet]7#cjf72 & ?\gh ! imm$iate ref]5ce is to ! ,psalms1 ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory bo? ( ,david & ( o!r k+s gives !m a valid claim to rank z prophets4 ,! au?ority & /atus ( ! prophets re/$ on no (ficial or mat]ial conditions1 su* z h$g$ 9 ! prie/ly (fice on e side4 ,accord+ly _! ance/ry1 previ\s hi/ory1 & social /&+ are matt]s ) :i* ! hi/orian has no conc]n4 ,if ! prophet happ5s also to be a prie/ or ,levite1 ! *ronicl]1 ( c\rse1 kn[s & records 8 g5ealogy4 ,x 0 ess5tial t ! g5ealogy ( a prie/ %\ld be kn[n1 b !re are no g5ealogies ( ! prophets2 _! ord] 0 l t ( ,mel*iz$ek1 /&+ on ! page ( hi/ory 8)\t fa!r1 )\t "m1 )\t g5ealogy02 !y appe> abruptly1 ) no p]sonal introduction1 !y deliv] _! message1 & !n disappe> ) equal abruptness4 ,sometimes n ev5 _! names are giv54 ,!y _h ! "o qualification comp>$ ) :i* bir? & sex1 rank & reputation1 7 trivial & mean+less ?+s4 ,! liv+ ^w ( ,jehovah 0 on _! lips2 ! p[] ( ,8 ,_s controll$ _! he>]s2 mess5g] & message 7 alike _! own cr$5tials4 ,! supreme religi\s au?ority ( ! prophet te/ifi$ to ! subord9ate & accid5tal "* ( all rites & symbols4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! comb9ation ( prie/ & prophet 9 ! same sy/em prov$ ! l(tie/ spirituality1 ! mo/ emphatic recognition ( ! direct communion ( ! s\l ) ,god1 to be consi/5t ) an elaborate & rigid sy/em ( ritual4 ,! s]vices & m9i/ry ( ! ,temple 7 l lamps ^: flame %[$ pale & dim :5 e>? & heav5 7 lit up by ! lightn+s ( prophetic inspiration4 ,! gifts & functions ( ! prophets did n l5d !mselves to any regul> discipl9e or organisation2 b we c r\ghly di/+ui% betwe5 two classes ( prophets4 ,"o class seem to h ex]cis$ _! gifts m sy/ematically & cont9u\sly ?an o!rs4 ,gad & ,na?an1 ,isaiah & ,j]emiah1 became practically ! dome/ic *apla9s & spiritual advis]s ( ,david1 ,hezekiah1 & ! la/ k+s ( ,judah4 ,o!rs are only m5tion$ z deliv]+ a s+le message2 _! m9i/ry seems to h be5 occasional1 p]haps conf9$ to a s+le p]iod ( _! lives4 ,! ,div9e ,_s 0 free to take ! :ole life or to take a "p only2 ,he 0 n to be condition$ ev5 by gifts ( ,8 own be/[al4 ,human organisation naturally attempt$ to classify ! possessors ( ! prophetic gift1 to set !m ap>t z a regul> ord]1 p]haps ev5 to provide !m ) a suitable tra9+1 &1 /ill m impossible task1 to select ! prop] recipi5ts ( ! gift & to produce & fo/] ! prophetic inspiration4 ,we read else:]e ( 8s*ools ( ! prophets0 & 8sons ( ! prophets40 ,! *ronicl] omits all ref]5ce to su* in/itutions or societies2 he decl9es to assign !m any place 9 ! prophetic succession 9 ,israel4 ,! gift ( prophecy 0 absolutely dep5d5t on ! ,div9e w1 & c\ld n be claim$ z a necess>y appurt5ance ( ! royal c\rt at ,j]usalem or a regul> ord] 9 ! k+dom ( ,judah4 ,! prie/s are includ$ 9 ! li/ ( ,david's m9i/]s1 b n ! prophets ,gad & ,na?an4 ,abijah m5tions among ! special privileges ( ,judah 8prie/s m9i/]+ unto ,jehovah1 ev5 ! sons ( ,a>on & ! ,levites 9 _! "w02 x does n occur to him to "n prophets among ! regul> & p]man5t m9i/]s ( ,jehovah4 ,! *ronicl]1 9 fact1 does n recognise ! pr(essional prophet4 ,! fifty sons ( ! prophets t wat*$ ,eli%a divide ! wat]s 9 ! "n ( ! ,god ( ,elijah 7 no m prophets = him ?an ! f\r hundr$ & fifty prophets ( ,baal & ! f\r hundr$ prophets ( ! ,a%]ah t ate at ,jezebel's table4 ,! true prophet1 l ,amos1 ne$ n be ei!r a prophet or ! son ( a prophet 9 ! pr(essional s5se4 ,long be=e ! *ronicl]'s "t ! hi/ory & tea*+ ( ! great prophets _h cle>ly e/abli%$ ! di/9ction betwe5 ! pr(essional prophet1 :o 0 appo9t$ by man or by himself1 & ! inspir$ mess5g]1 :o receiv$ a direct commission f ,jehovah4 ,9 describ+ ! prophet's sole qualification we h also /at$ 8 function4 ,he 0 ! mess5g] ( ,jehovah1 & decl>$ ,8 w4 ,! prie/ 9 8 m9i/rations repres5t$ ,israel be=e ,god1 & 9 a measure repres5t$ ,god to ,israel4 ,! rites & c]emonies ov] :i* he presid$ symbolis$ ! p]man5t & un*ang+ features ( man's religi\s exp]i5ce & me et]nal righte\sness & m]cy ( ,him :o is ! same ye/]day1 to-day1 & = ev]4 ,f g5]ation to g5]ation m5 receiv$ ! good gifts ( ,god1 & br\ght ! (f]+s ( _! gratitude2 !y s9n$ aga9/ ,god & came to seek =giv5ess2 & ! h\se ( ,a>on met !m g5]ation aft] g5]ation 9 ! same prie/ly robes1 ) ! same rites1 9 ! "o ,temple1 9 tok5 ( ! un*ang+ will+ness ( ,jehovah to accept & =give ,8 *ildr54 ,! prophet1 too1 repres5t$ ,god to man2 8 words 7 ! words ( ,god2 ?r\gh him ! ,div9e pres5ce & ! ,div9e ,_s ex]t$ _! influ5ce ov] ! he>ts & consci5ces ( 8 he>]s4 ,b :ile ! prie/ly m9i/rations symbolis$ ! fixity & p]man5ce ( ,god's et]nal maje/y1 ! prophets express$ ! inf9ite v>iety ( ,8 ,div9e nature & its cont9ual adaptation to all ! *anges ( human life4 ,!y came to ! individual & to ! nation 9 ea* crisis ( hi/ory ) ! ,div9e message t enabl$ !m to suit !mselves to alt]$ circum/ances1 to grapple ) new difficulties1 & to solve new problems4 ,! prie/ & ! prophet toge!r set =? ! great p>adox t ! un*ang+ ,god is ! s\rce ( all *ange4 8,"l ,god1 by :om all *ange is wr\ght1 ,by :om new ?+s to bir? are br\ght1 ,9 :om no *ange is kn[n1 ,to ,!e we rise1 9 ,!e we re/2 ,we /ay at home1 we g 9 que/1 ,/ill ,?\ art our abode3 ,! rapture swells1 ! wond] gr[s1 ,z full on u new life /ill fl[s ,f our un*ang+ ,god40 ,! prophetic utt]ances record$ by ! *ronicl] illu/rate ! "w ( ! prophets 9 deliv]+ ! message t met ! pres5t ne$s ( ! p4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ,*ronicles to enc\rage ! unspiritual notion t ! ma9 object ( prophecy 0 to give exact & detail$ in=mation z to ! remote future4 ,!re is pr$iction necess>ily3 x 0 impossible to decl>e ! w ( ,god )\t /at+ ! puni%m5t ( s9 & ! victory ( righte\sness2 b pr$iction is only "p ( ! decl>ation ( ,god's w4 ,9 ,gad & ,na?an prophecy appe>s z a means ( communication betwe5 ! inquir+ s\l & ,god2 x does n1 inde$1 gratify curiosity1 b r gives guidance 9 p]plexity & di/ress4 ,! lat] prophets con/antly int]v5e to initiate re=m or to h9d] ! c>ry+ out ( an evil policy4 ,gad & ,na?an l5t _! au?ority to ,david's organisation ( ! ,temple music2 ,asa's re=m orig9at$ 9 ! exhortation ( ,od$ ! prophet2 ,jeho%aphat w5t out to meet ! ,moabite & ,ammonite invad]s 9 response to ! inspirit+ utt]ance ( ,jahaziel ! ,levite2 ,josiah consult$ ! prophetess ,huldah be=e c>ry+ out 8 re=mation2 ! *iefs ( ,ephraim s5t back ! ,jewi% captives 9 ob$i5ce to ano!r ,od$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,%emaiah prev5t$ ,rehoboam f fight+ aga9/ ,israel2 ,micaiah w>n$ ,ahab & ,jeho%aphat n to g up aga9/ ,ramo?-gilead4 ,(t51 h[ev]1 ! prophetic message gives ! int]pretation ( hi/ory1 ! ,div9e judgm5t ^u conduct1 ) its s5t5ce ( puni%m5t or rew>d4 ,hanani ! se]1 = in/ance1 comes to ,asa to %[ him ! real value ( 8 app>5tly satisfactory alliance ) ,b5hadad1 k+ ( ,syria3 8,because ?\ ha/ reli$ on ! k+ ( ,syria1 & ha/ n reli$ on ,jehovah ?y ,god1 !re=e is ! ho/ ( ! k+ ( ,syria escap$ out ( ?9e h&4444 ,h]e9 ?\ ha/ done fooli%ly2 = f h5ce=? ?\ %alt h w>s40 ,jeho%aphat is told :y 8 %ips 7 brok53 8,because ?\ ha/ jo9$ ?yself ) ,ahaziah1 ,jehovah ha? de/roy$ ?y works40 ,?us ! prophetic decl>ation ( ,div9e judgm5t came to mean almo/ exclusively rebuke & condemnation4 ,! witness ( a good consci5ce may be left to speak = itself2 ,god does n (t5 ne$ to s5d a prophet to ,8 ob$i5t s]vants 9 ord] to signify ,8 approval ( _! righte\s acts4 ,b ! c5sures ( consci5ce ne$ bo? ! /imulus ( ext]nal sugge/ion & ! support ( ext]nal au?ority4 ,^u ! prophets 0 con/antly laid ! unwelcome task ( r\s+ & brac+ ! consci5ce = its /]n duty4 ,!y became ! h]alds ( ,div9e wra?1 ! precursors ( national mis=tune4 ,(t51 too1 ! w>n+s t %\ld h sav$ ! p 7 neglect$ or res5t$1 & ?us became ! occasion ( new s9 & sev]] puni%m5t4 ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 lay too mu* /ress on ?is aspect ( ! prophets' "w4 ,!y 7 no m]e ,cass&ras1 ann\nc+ inevitable ru9 at ! h&s ( a bl9d de/9y2 !y 7 n always1 or ev5 *iefly1 ! mess5g]s ( com+ doom4 ,if !y decl>$ ! wra? ( ,god1 !y also v9dicat$ ,8 ju/ice2 9 ! day ( ! ,"l :i* !y s (t5 =etold1 m]cy & grace temp]$ & at la/ ov]came judgm5t4 ,!y taught1 ev5 9 _! /]ne/ utt]ances1 ! moral gov]nm5t ( ! _w & ! b5evol5t purpose ( its ,rul]4 ,^! are man's only hope1 ev5 9 8 s9 & suff]+1 ! only gr\nd = ef=t1 & ! only com=t 9 mis=tune4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "o or two elem5ts 9 ! *ronicl]'s notices ( ! prophets t sc>cely h>monise ) ?is g5]al picture4 ,! scanty ref]5ces ( ! books ( ,samuel & ,k+s to ! 8s*ools0 & sons ( ! prophets h sugge/$ ! !ory t ! prophets 7 ! gu>dians ( national education1 culture1 & lit]ature4 ,! *ronicl] expressly assigns ! function to ! ,levites1 & does n recognise t ! 8s*ools ( ! prophets0 _h any p]man5t significance = ! religion ( ,israel1 possibly because !y *iefly appe> 9 connection ) ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,at ! same "t1 we f9d ?is idea ( ! lit]>y "* ( ! prophets 9 ,*ronicles 9 a new =m4 ,! au?orities ref]r$ to 9 ! subscriptions to ea* reign be> ! names ( ! prophets :o fl\ri%$ dur+ ! reign4 ,! prim>y significance ( ! tradition foll[$ by ! *ronicl] is ! supreme importance ( ! prophet = 8 p]iod2 he1 & n ! k+1 gives x a di/9ctive "*4 ,!re=e ! prophet gives 8 "n to 8 p]iod1 z ! consuls at ,rome1 ! ,ar*on ,basileus at ,a!ns1 & ! ,assyrian prie/s gave _! own names to _! ye> ( (fice4 ,probably by ! "t ,*ronicles 0 writt5 ! view _h be5 adopt$ :i* we "k prevail$ lat] on1 & x 0 suppos$ t ! prophets wrote ! ,hi/orical ,books :i* bore _! names4 ,! anci5t prophets _h giv5 ! ,div9e int]pretation ( ! c\rse ( ev5ts & pron\nc$ ! ,div9e judgm5t on hi/ory4 ,! ,hi/orical ,books 7 writt5 = religi\s edification2 !y conta9$ a simil> int]pretation & judgm5t4 ,! religi\s in/9cts ( lat] ,judaism rightly class$ !m ) ! prophetic ,scriptures4 ,! /rik+ contra/ we h be5 able to trace betwe5 ! prie/s & ! prophets 9 _! qualifications & duties ext5ds also to _! rew>ds4 ,! book ( ,k+s gives u glimpses ( ! way 9 :i* ! rev]5t gratitude ( ! p made "s provision = ! ma9t5ance ( ! prophets4 ,we are all famili> ) ! hospitality ( ! ,%unammite1 & we read h[ 8a man f ,baal-%ali%ah0 br\ght fir/-fruits to ,eli%a47#cjg7 ,b ! *ronicl] omits all su* ref]5ces z be+ connect$ ) ! nor!rn k+dom1 & does n give u any simil> in=mation z to ! prophets ( ,judah4 ,he is n usually indiff]5t z to ways & means4 ,he devotes "s space to ! rev5ues ( ! k+s ( ,judah1 & delights to dwell on ! s\rces ( prie/ly income4 ,b x nev] seems to occur to him t ! prophets h any wants to be provid$ =4 ,to use ,george ,macdonald's phrase1 he is q cont5t to leave !m 8on ! lily & sp>r[ foot+40 ,! prie/hood & ! ,levites mu/ be ri*ly end[$2 ! hon\r ( ,israel & ( ,jehovah is conc]n$ 9 _! hav+ cities1 ti!s1 fir/-fruits1 & (f]+s4 ,prophets are s5t to reproa* ! p :5 ! prie/ly dues are )held2 b = !mselves ! prophets might h said ) ,/4 ,paul1 8,we seek n y\rs1 b y40 ,no "o suppos$ t ! au?ority & dignity ( ! prophets ne$$ to be support$ by ecclesia/ical /atus1 spl5did robes1 & great incomes4 ,spiritual =ce s manife/ly resid$ 9 !m t !y c\ld af=d to disp5se ) ! mo/ impressive symbols ( p[] & au?ority4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y receiv$ an hon\r t 0 nev] accord$ to ! prie/hood3 !y suff]$ p]secution = ! cause ( ,jehovah4 ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada 0 put to dea?1 & ,micaiah ! son ( ,imlah 0 imprison$4 ,we are nev] told t ! prie/ z prie/ suff]$ p]secution4 ,ahaz clos$ ! ,temple1 ,manasseh set up an idol 9 ! h\se ( ,god1 b we d n read ( ei!r ,ahaz or ,manasseh t !y slew ! prie/s ( ,jehovah4 ,! tea*+ ( ! prophets 0 direct & p]sonal1 & ?us em95tly calculat$ to excite res5tm5t & provoke p]secution2 ! prie/ly s]vices1 h[ev]1 did n at all int]f]e ) concurr5t idolatry1 & ! prie/s 7 accu/om$ to receive & execute ! ord]s ( ! k+s4 ,!re is no?+ to sugge/ t !y s\ght to obtrude ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah ^u unwill+ conv]ts2 & x is n improbable t "s1 at any rate1 ( ! prie/s all[$ !mselves to be made ! tools ( ! wick$ k+s4 ,on ! eve ( ! ,captivity we read t 8! *iefs ( ! prie/s & ! p trespass$ v greatly aft] all ! abom9ations ( ! hea!n1 & !y pollut$ ! h\se ( ,jehovah40 ,no su* disloyalty is record$ ( ! prophets 9 ,*ronicles4 ,! mo/ spl5did incomes _c pur*ase loyalty4 ,x is /ill true t 8! hirel+ flee? because he is a hirel+02 m5's mo/ passionate devotion is = ! cause 9 :i* !y h suff]$4 ,we h se5 t ! mod]n m9i/ry pres5ts c]ta9 p>allels to ! anci5t prie/hood4 ,:]e are we to look = an analogue to ! prophet8 ,if ! m9i/] be1 9 a s5se1 a prie/ :5 he leads ! wor%ip ( ! p1 is he also a prophet :5 he prea*es to !m8 ,prea*+ is int5d$ to be--p]haps we may v5ture to say t x mo/ly is--a decl>ation ( ! w ( ,god4 ,moreov]1 x is n ! exposition ( a fix$ & un*angeable ritual or ev5 ( a set ( rigid !ological =mul4 ,! prea*]1 l ! prophet1 seeks to meet ! dem&s = new light t are made by con/antly *ang+ circum/ances2 he seeks to adapt ! et]nal tru? to ! v>y+ ne$s ( individual lives4 ,s f> he is a prophet1 b ! ess5tial qualifications ( ! prophet are /ill to be s\ght aft]4 ,isaiah & ,j]emiah did n decl>e ! ^w ( ,jehovah z !y _h le>nt x f a ,bible or any o!r book1 nor yet accord+ to ! traditions ( a s*ool or ! tea*+ ( great au?orities2 su* decl>ation might be made by ! scribes & rabbis 9 lat] times4 ,b ! prophets ( ,*ronicles receiv$ _! message f ,jehovah ,himself2 :ile !y mus$ ^u ! ne$s ( ! p1 ! fire ( inspiration burn$ )9 !m2 !n !y spoke4 ,moreov]1 l _! great antitype1 !y spoke ) au?ority1 & n z ! scribes2 _! words c>ri$ ) !m conviction ev5 :5 !y did n produce ob$i5ce4 ,! reality ( m5's conviction ( _! ,div9e au?ority 0 %[n by ! p]secution to :i* !y 7 subject$4 ,are ^! tok5s ( ! prophet also ! notes ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry ( prea*+8 ,prophets 7 f\nd among ! h\se ( ,a>on & f ! tribe ( ,levi1 b n e ,levite or prie/ 0 a prophet4 ,e bran* ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* has numb]$ among its (ficial m9i/]s m5 :o deliv]$ _! message ) an inspir$ conviction ( its tru?2 9 !m ! p[] & pres5ce ( ! ,_s h compell$ a belief 9 _! au?ority to speak = ,god3 ?is belief has receiv$ ! tw(old atte/ation ( he>ts & consci5ces submitt$ to ! ,div9e w on ! "o h& or ( bitt] & rancor\s ho/ility on ! o!r4 ,9 e ,*ur* we f9d ! record ( m5 :o h spok51 8n 9 words :i* man's wisdom tea*e?1 b :i* ! ,_s tea*e?40 ,su* 7 ,wyclif & ,latim]1 ,calv9 & ,lu!r1 ,george ,:itefield & ! ,wesleys2 su*1 too1 7 ,m(fat & ,liv+/one4 ,nor ne$ we suppose t 9 ! mod]n ,*ri/ian ,*ur* ! gift ( prophecy has be5 conf9$ to m5 ( brilliant g5ius :o h be5 conspicu\sly successful4 ,9 ! sacr$ canon ,haggai & ,obadiah /& side by side ) ,isaiah1 ,j]emiah1 & ,ezekiel4 ,! *ronicl] recognises ! prophetic call+ ( m5 too obscure to be m5tion$ by "n4 ,he :om ,god ha? s5t speake? ! words ( ,god1 n necess>ily ! orator :om m5 cr[d to he> & ^: "n is record$ 9 hi/ory2 & ,god give? n ! ,_s by measure4 ,_m ( ! lea/ di/+ui%$ ( ,8 s]vants are truly ,8 prophets1 speak+1 by ! conviction ,he has giv5 !m1 a message :i* comes home ) p[] to "s he>ts at any rate1 & is a sav\r ( life unto life & ( dea? unto dea?4 ,! seals ( _! m9i/ry are to be f\nd 9 r$eem$ & purifi$ lives1 & also only too (t5 9 ! bitt] & v9dictive ill-w ( ^? :om _! fai?fulness has (f5d$4 ,we naturally expect to f9d t ! (ficial m9i/ry af=ds ! mo/ suitable sph]e = ! ex]cise ( ! gift ( prophecy4 ,^? :o are consci\s ( a ,div9e message w (t5 seek ! special opportunities :i* ! m9i/ry af=ds4 ,b our /udy ( ,*ronicles rem9ds u t ! vocation ( ! prophet _c be limit$ to any ext]nal organisation2 x 0 n conf9$ to ! (ficial m9i/ry ( ,israel2 x _c be condition$ by recognition by bi%ops1 presbyt]ies1 conf]5ces1 or ,*ur*es2 x w (t5 f9d its only ext]nal cr$5tial 9 a graci\s influ5ce ov] individual lives4 ,nay1 ! prophet may h 8 ,div9e vocation & be entirely reject$ ( m54 ,9 ,*ronicles we f9d prophets1 l ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada1 ^: "o ,div9e message is receiv$ ) scorn & defiance4 ,9 practice1 if n 9 !ory1 ! ,*ur*es h long s9ce recognis$ t ! prophetic gift is f\nd outside any (ficial m9i/ry1 & t !y may be taught ! w ( ,god by m5 & wom5 ( all ranks & call+s4 ,!y h provid$ opportunities = ! free ex]cise ( su* gifts 9 lay prea*+1 missions1 ,sunday-s*ools1 meet+s ( all k9ds4 ,we h "h /umbl$ ^u ano!r mod]n controv]sy3 ! desirability ( wom5 prea*+4 ,*ronicles m5tions prophetesses z well z prophets2 on ! o!r h&1 !re 7 no ,jewi% prie/esses4 ,! mod]n m9i/] comb9es "s prie/ly duties ) ! opportunity1 at lea/1 ( ex]cis+ ! gift ( prophecy4 ,! m5tion ( only two or ?ree prophetesses 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t %[s t ! possession ( ! gift by wom5 0 exceptional4 ,^! few in/ances1 h[ev]1 are suffici5t to prove t ,god did n 9 old times limit ! gift to m52 !y sugge/ at any rate ! possibility ( its be+ possess$ by wom5 n[1 & :5 wom5 h a ,div9e message ! ,*ur* w n v5ture to qu5* ! ,_s4 ,( c\rse ! application ( ^! broad pr9ciples w\ld h to be adapt$ to ! circum/ances ( individual ,*ur*es4 ,huldah1 = in/ance1 is n describ$ z deliv]+ any public address to ! p2 ! k+ s5t 8 m9i/]s to consult h] 9 h] own h\se4 ,:atev] hesitation may be felt ab\t ! public m9i/ry ( wom51 no "o w "q _! ,div9e commission to c>ry ! messages ( ,god to ! b$sides ( ! sick & ! homes ( ! poor4 ,mo/ ( u h kn[n wom5 to :om m5 h gone1 z ,josiah's m9i/]s w5t to ,huldah1 to 8inquire ( ! ,"l40 ,ano!r practical "q1 ! paym5t ( ! m9i/]s ( religion1 has already be5 rais$ by ! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ! rev5ues ( ! prie/s4 ,:at m d we le>n on ! subject f 8 sil5ce z to ! ma9t5ance ( ! prophets8 ,! sil5ce is1 ( c\rse1 eloqu5t z to ! ext5t to :i* ev5 a pi\s ,levite may be preoccupi$ ) 8 own worldly int]e/s & q indiff]5t to o!r p's2 b x w\ld n h be5 possible if ! idea ( rev5ues & end[m5ts = ! prophets _h ev] be5 v famili> to m5's m9ds4 ,x has be5 said t to-day ! prophet sells 8 inspiration1 b ! gift ( ,god c no m be b\ght & sold ) money n[ ?an 9 anci5t ,israel4 ,! purely spiritual "* ( true prophecy1 its entire dep5d5ce on ,div9e inspiration1 makes x impossible to hire a prophet at a fix$ sal>y regulat$ by ! quality & ext5t ( 8 gifts4 ,by ! grace ( ,god1 !re is an intimate practical connection betwe5 ! "w ( ! (ficial m9i/ry & ! inspir$ decl>ation ( ! ,div9e w2 & ?is connection has its be>+ ^u ! paym5t ( m9i/]s4 ,m5's gratitude is /irr$ :5 !y h receiv$ com=t & help ?r\gh ! spiritual gifts ( _! m9i/]1 b 9 pr9ciple !re is no connection betwe5 ! gift ( prophecy & ! paym5t ( ! m9i/ry4 ,a ,*ur* c pur*ase ! enjoym5t ( eloqu5ce1 le>n+1 intellect1 & indu/ry2 a high "* has a pecuni>y value = ecclesia/ical z well z = comm]cial purposes4 ,! prophet may be provid$ ) leisure1 society1 & lit]ature s t ! ,div9e message may be deliv]$ 9 its mo/ attractive =m2 he may be in/all$ 9 a l>ge & well-appo9t$ build+1 s t he may h ! be/ possible opportunity ( deliv]+ 8 message2 he w naturally receive a l>g] income :5 he surr5d]s obscure & limit$ opportunities to m9i/] 9 "s m suitable sph]e4 ,b :5 we h said all1 x is /ill only ! accessories t h to d ) paym5t1 n ! ,div9e gift ( prophecy itself4 ,:5 ! prophet's message is n com=t+1 :5 8 words grate ^u ! !ological & social prejudices ( 8 he>]s1 especially :5 he is invit$ to curse & is ,div9ely compell$ to bless1 !re is no "q ( paym5t = su* m9i/ry4 ,x has be5 said ( ,*ri/1 8,= ! m9or details necess>y to secure respect1 & ob$i5ce1 & ! en?usiasm ( ! vulg>1 = ! tact1 ! f9esse1 ! compromis+ faculty1 ! judici\s o/5tation ( successful politicians--= ^! arts ,he 0 n prep>$407#cjh7 ,^? :o imitate _! ,ma/] (t5 %>e ,8 rew>d4 ,! slight & accid5tal connection ( ! paym5t ( m9i/]s ) _! prophetic gifts is fur!r illu/rat$ by ! free ex]cise ( su* gifts by m5 & wom5 :o h no ecclesia/ical /atus & d n seek any mat]ial rew>d4 ,"h aga9 any exact adoption ( anci5t me?ods is impossible2 we may accept f ! *ronicl] ! great pr9ciple t loyal believ]s w make all adequate provision = ! s]vice & "w ( ,jehovah1 & t !y w be prep>$ to hon\r ,him 9 ! p]sons ( ^? :om !y *oose to repres5t !m be=e ,him1 & also ( ^? :om !y recognise z deliv]+ to !m ,8 messages4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! prophet--& = our pres5t purpose we may ext5d ! t]m to ! humble/ & lea/ gift$ ,*ri/ian :o 9 any way seeks to speak = ,*ri/--! prophet speaks by ! impulse ( ! ,_s & f no mean] motive4 ,) reg>d to ! functions ( ! prophet1 ! ,_s is z entirely free to dictate ,8 own message z ,he is to *oose ,8 own mess5g]4 ,! *ronicl]'s prophets 7 conc]n$ ) =eign politics--alliances ) ,syria & ,assyria1 w>s ) ,egypt & ,sam>ia--z well z ) ! ritual ( ! ,temple & ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah4 ,!y disc]n$ a religi\s significance 9 ! purely secul> matt] ( a c5sus4 ,jehovah _h ,8 purposes = ! civil gov]nm5t & int]national policy ( ,israel z well z = its cre$ & s]vices4 ,if we lay d[n ! pr9ciple t politics1 :e!r local or national1 are to be kept out ( ! pulpit1 we mu/ ei!r exclude f ! (ficial m9i/ry all :o possess any measure ( ! prophetic gift1 or else c>efully /ipulate t1 if !y be consci\s ( any obligation to decl>e ! ,"l's w 9 matt]s ( public righte\sness1 !y %all f9d "s m suitable place ?an ! ,"l's h\se & "s m suitable "t ?an ! ,"l's day4 ,:5 we sugge/ t ! prophet %\ld m9d 8 own bus9ess by conf9+ himself to que/ions ( doctr9e1 wor%ip1 & ! religi\s exp]i5ces ( ! individual1 we are 9 dang] ( d5y+ ,god's "r to a voice 9 social & national affairs4 ,turn+1 h[ev]1 to m directly ecclesia/ical affairs1 we h not$ t ,asa's re=mation receiv$ its fir/ impulse f ! utt]ances ( ! prophet ,az>iah or ,od$1 & also t "o feature ( ! prophet's "w is to provide = ! fre% ne$s develop$ by *ang+ circum/ances4 ,a prie/hood or any o!r (ficial m9i/ry is (t5 want+ 9 ela/icity2 x is necess>ily atta*$ to an e/abli%$ organisation & trammell$ by cu/om & tradition4 ,! ,holy ,_s 9 all ages has commission$ prophets z ! free ag5ts 9 new movem5ts 9 ! ,div9e gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,!y may be ecclesia/ics1 l _m ( ! ,re=m]s & l ! ,wesleys2 b !y are n dom9at$ by ! (ficial _s4 ,! initial impulse t moves su* m5 is p>tly "o ( recoil f _! environm5t2 & ! environm5t 9 return ca/s !m out4 ,aga91 prophets may become ecclesia/ics1 l ! t9k] to :om ,engli%-speak+ ,*ri/ians owe "o ( _! great religi\s classics & ! cobbl] :o /irr$ up ! ,*ur*es to mission>y en?usiasm4 ,or !y may rema9 f beg9n+ to end )\t (ficial /atus 9 any ,*ur*1 l ! apo/le ( ! anti-slav]y movem5t4 ,9 any case ! impulse to a l>g]1 pur]1 & nobl] /&>d ( life ?an t consecrat$ by long usage & anci5t tradition does n come f ! ecclesia/ical (ficial because ( 8 (ficial tra9+ & exp]i5ce2 ! liv+ wat]s t g out ( ,j]usalem 9 ! day ( ! ,"l are too wide1 & deep1 & /rong to fl[ 9 ! n>r[ rock-hewn aqu$ucts ( tradition3 !y make new *annels = !mselves2 & ^! *annels are ! m5 :o d n dem& t ! ,_s %all speak accord+ to famili> =mul & /]eotyp$ ideas1 b are will+ to be ! prophets ( /range & ev5 uncong5ial tru?4 ,or1 to use ! great metaphor ( ,/4 ,john's ,gospel1 ) su* m51 bo? = !mselves & = o!rs1 ! wat] t ! ,"l gives !m becomes a well ( wat] spr++ up unto et]nal life4 ,b ! *ronicl]'s picture ( ! "w ( ! prophets has its d>k] side4 ,few 7 privileg$ to give ! signal = an imm$iate & happy re=mation4 ,mo/ ( ! prophets 7 *>g$ ) messages ( rebuke & condemnation1 s t !y 7 ready to cry out ) ,j]emiah1 8,woe is me1 my "m1 t ?\ ha/ borne me1 a man ( /rife & a man ( cont5tion to ! :ole e>?6 ,i h n l5t on usury1 nei!r h m5 l5t to me on usury1 yet e "o ( !m do? curse me407#cji7 ,p]haps ev5 to-day ! prophetic _s (t5 *>ges its possessors ) equally unwelcome duties4 ,we tru/ t ! ,*ri/ian consci5ce is m s5sitive ?an t ( anci5t ,israel1 & t ! ,*ur* is m ready to pr(it by ! w>n+s address$ to x2 b ! response to ! /]n] tea*+ ( ! ,_s is n always accompani$ by a k9dly feel+ t[>ds ! tea*]1 & ev5 :]e !re is progress1 ! progress is sl[ comp>$ to ! eag] long+ ( ! prophet = ! spiritual gr[? ( 8 he>]s4 ,& yet ! sequel ( ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory sugge/s "s relief to ! gloomi] side ( ! picture4 ,prophet aft] prophet utt]s 8 unavail+ & seem+ly useless rebuke1 & deliv]s 8 ann\ncem5t ( com+ ru91 & at la/ ! ru9 falls ^u ! nation4 ,b t is n ! end4 ,be=e ! *ronicl] wrote !re _h aris5 a re/or$ ,israel1 purifi$ f idolatry & deliv]$ f _m ( its =m] tr\bles4 ,! ,re/oration 0 only r5d]$ possible ?r\gh ! cont9u$ te/imony ( ! prophets to ! ,"l & ,8 righte\sness4 ,h[ev] b>r5 ( imm$iate results su* te/imony may seem to-day1 x is /ill ! ^w ( ! ,"l t _c return unto ,him void1 b %all accompli% t :i* ,he please? & %all prosp] 9 ! ?+ :]eto ,he s5t x4 ,! *ronicl]'s conception ( ! prophetic "* ( ! hi/orian1 :]eby 8 n>rative sets =? ,god's w9 & int]prets ,8 purposes1 is n altoge!r popul> at pres5t4 ,! teleological view ( hi/ory is some:at at a disc\nt4 ,yet ! prophetic me?od1 s to speak1 ( ,c>lyle & ,rusk9 is l>gely hi/orical2 & ev5 9 s unlikely a qu>t] z ! works ( ,george ,eliot we c f9d an example ( didactic hi/ory4 ,romola is l>gely tak5 up ) ! /ory ( ,savon>ola1 told s z to br+ out its religi\s significance4 ,b teleological hi/ory is sometimes a failure ev5 f ! /&po9t ( ! ,*ri/ian /ud5t1 because x defeats its own ends4 ,he :o is b5t on d$uc+ lessons f hi/ory may lay undue /ress on "p ( its significance & obscure ! re/4 ,! hi/orian is p]haps mo/ a prophet :5 he leaves hi/ory to speak = itself4 ,9 ?is s5se1 we may v5ture to attribute a prophetic "* to purely sci5tific hi/ory2 accurate & unbiass$ n>rative is ! be/ />t+-po9t = ! /udy ( ! religi\s significance ( ! c\rse ( ev5ts4 ,9 conclud+ our inquiry z to h[ f> mod]n ,*ur* life is illu/rat$ by ! "w ( ! prophets1 "o is tempt$ to dwell = a mom5t on ! me?ods !y did n use & ! subjects n dealt ) 9 _! utt]ances4 ,?is !me1 h[ev]1 sc>cely belongs to ! exposition ( ,*ronicles2 x w\ld be m appropriate to a complete exam9ation ( ! hi/ory & writ+s ( ! prophets4 ,"o po9t1 h[ev]1 may be notic$4 ,_! utt]ances 9 ,*ronicles lay less direct /ress on moral consid]ations ?an ! writ+s ( ! canonical prophets1 n because ( any indiff]5ce to morality1 b because1 se5 9 ! di/ance ( a remote pa/1 all o!r s9s seem$ to be summ$ up 9 fai?lessness to ,jehovah4 ,p]haps we may see 9 ?is a sugge/ion ( a f9al judgm5t ( hi/ory1 :i* %\ld be equally in/ructive to ! religi\s man :o has any incl9ation to disp>age morality & to ! moral man :o wi%es to ignore religion4 ,our review & discussion ( ! v>i$ ref]5ces ( ,*ronicles to ! prophets br+s home to u ) fre% =ce ! ke5 int]e/ felt 9 !m by ! *ronicl] & ! supreme importance he atta*$ to _! "w4 ,! rev]5t homage ( a ,levite ( ! second ,temple c5turies aft] ! gold5 age ( prophecy is an eloqu5t te/imony to ! unique position ( ! prophets 9 ,israel4 ,8 treatm5t ( ! subject %[s t ! l(ty ideal ( _! (fice & mission _h lo/ no?+ 9 ! c\rse ( ! developm5t ( ,judaism2 8 selection f ! old] mat]ial emphasises ! indep5d5ce ( ! true prophet ( any pr(essional /atus or consid]ation ( mat]ial rew>d2 8 s5se ( ! importance ( ! prophets to ! ,/ate & ,*ur* 9 ,judah is an enc\ragem5t to ^? 8:o look = r$emption 9 ,j]usalem10 & :o tru/ ! et]nal promise ( ,god t 9 all times ( ,8 p's ne$ ,he 8w raise up a prophet f among _! bre?r51 444 & ,i w put ,my words 9 8 m\?1 & he %all speak unto !m all t ,i %all comm& !m407#caj7 8,! memorial ( ! prophets 0 bless$1 444 = !y com=t$ ,jacob1 & deliv]$ !m by assur$ hope407#caa7 ,_m prophets ( ! ,*ur* h also left a bless$ memorial ( com=t & deliv]ance1 & ,god ev] r5ews ?is m ?an apo/olic succession4 ,*apt] ,x4 ,satan4 #a ,*ron4 xxi4-xxii4 #a4 8,& aga9 ! ang] ( ,jehovah 0 k9dl$ aga9/ ,israel1 & ,he mov$ ,david aga9/ !m say+1 ,g1 numb] ,israel & ,judah40--#b ,,sam4 xxiv4 #a4 8,& ,satan /ood up aga9/ ,israel1 & mov$ ,david to numb] ,israel40--#a ,,*ron4 xxi4 #a4 8,let no man say :5 he is tempt$1 ,i am tempt$ ( ,god2 = ,god _c be tempt$ ) evil1 & ,he ,himself tempte? no man3 b ea* man is tempt$ :5 he is drawn away by 8 own lu/ & entic$40--,,james i1 #ac1 #ad4 ,! c5sus ( ,david is f\nd bo? 9 ! book ( ,samuel & 9 ,*ronicles1 9 v mu* ! same =m2 b ! *ronicl] has made a numb] ( small b important alt]ations & additions4 ,tak5 toge!r1 ^! *anges involve a new int]pretation ( ! hi/ory1 & br+ out lessons t _c s easily be d$uc$ f ! n>rative 9 ! book ( ,samuel4 ,h5ce x is necess>y to give a sep>ate exposition ( ! n>rative 9 ,*ronicles4 ,z be=e1 we w fir/ review ! alt]ations made by ! *ronicl] & !n exp\nd ! n>rative 9 ! =m 9 :i* x left 8 h&1 or r 9 ! =m 9 :i* x /&s 9 ! ,masoretic text4 ,any attempt to deal ) ! peculi>ly complicat$ problem ( ! textual criticism ( ,*ronicles w\ld be out ( place "h4 ,probably !re are no corruptions ( ! text t w\ld appreciably affect ! g5]al exposition ( ?is *apt]4 ,at ! v outset ! *ronicl] sub/itutes ,satan = ,jehovah1 & ?us *anges ! :ole significance ( ! n>rative4 ,?is po9t is too important to be dealt ) casually1 & mu/ be res]v$ = special consid]ation lat] on4 ,9 v]4 #b !re is a slight *ange t m>ks ! diff]5t po9ts ( ! views ( ! ,*ronicl] & ! au?or ( ! n>rative 9 ! book ( ,samuel4 ,! latt] _h writt5 t ,joab numb]$ ! p f ,dan to ,be]%eba1 a m]ely conv5tional phrase indicat+ ! ext5t ( ! c5sus4 ,x might possibly1 h[ev]1 h be5 tak5 to d5ote t ! c5sus began 9 ! nor? & 0 conclud$ 9 ! s\?4 ,to ! *ronicl]1 ^: int]e/s all c5tr$ 9 ,judah1 su* an arrangem5t seem$ absurd2 & he c>efully gu>d$ aga9/ any mi/ake by alt]+ 8,dan to ,be]%eba0 into 8,be]%eba to ,dan40 ,9 v]4 #c ! sub/ance ( ,joab's words is n alt]$1 b v>i\s slight t\*es are add$ to br+ out m cle>ly & =cibly :at is impli$ 9 ! book ( ,samuel4 ,joab _h spok5 ( ! c5sus z be+ ! k+'s pleasure47#cab7 ,x 0 sc>cely appropriate to speak ( ,david 8tak+ pleasure 90 a sugge/ion ( ,satan4 ,9 ,*ronicles ,joab's words are less =cible1 8,:y do? my "l require ?is ?+80 ,aga91 9 ! book ( ,samuel ,joab prote/s aga9/ ! c5sus )\t assign+ any reason4 ,! context1 x is true1 readily supplies "o2 b 9 ,*ronicles all is made cle> by ! addition1 8,:y w he0 7,david7 8be a cause ( guilt unto ,israel80 ,fur!r on ! *ronicl]'s special int]e/ 9 ,judah aga9 betrays itself4 ,! book ( ,samuel describ$1 ) "s detail1 ! progress ( ! enum]ators ?r\gh ,ea/]n & ,nor!rn ,pale/9e by way ( ,be]%eba to ,j]usalem4 ,*ronicles hav+ already made !m />t f ,be]%eba1 omits ^! details4 ,9 v]4 #e ! numb]s 9 ,*ronicles diff] n only f ^? ( ! old] n>rative1 b also f ! *ronicl]'s own /ati/ics 9 *ap4 xxvii4 ,9 ?is la/ acc\nt ! m5 ( w> are divid$ into twelve c\rses ( tw5ty-f\r ?\s& ea*1 mak+ a total ( two hundr$ & eighty-eight ?\s&2 9 ! book ( ,samuel ,israel numb]s eight hundr$ ?\s&1 & ,judah five hundr$ ?\s&2 b 9 our passage ,israel is increas$ to elev5 hundr$ ?\s&1 & ,judah is r$uc$ to f\r hundr$ & sev5ty ?\s&4 ,possibly ! /ati/ics 9 *ap4 xxvii4 are n int5d$ to include all ! fight+ m51 o!rwise ! figures _c be h>monis$4 ,! discrepancy betwe5 our passage & ! book ( ,samuel is p]haps p>tly expla9$ by ! foll[+ v]se1 :i* is an addition ( ! *ronicl]4 ,9 ! book ( ,samuel ! c5sus is complet$1 b our additional v]se /ates t ,levi & ,b5jam9 7 n includ$ 9 ! c5sus4 ,! *ronicl] und]/ood t ! five hundr$ ?\s& assign$ to ,judah 9 ! old] n>rative 7 ! jo9t total ( ,judah & ,b5jam92 he accord+ly r$uc$ ! total by ?irty ?\s&1 because1 accord+ to 8 view1 ,b5jam9 0 omitt$ f ! c5sus4 ,! increase 9 ! numb] ( ! ,israelites is unexpect$4 ,! *ronicl] does n usually ov]rate ! nor!rn tribes4 ,lat] on ,j]oboam1 eighte5 ye>s aft] ! disruption1 takes ! field aga9/ ,abijah ) 8eight hundr$ ?\s& *os5 m510 a phrase t implies a /ill l>g] numb] ( fight+ m51 if all _h be5 mu/]$4 ,obvi\sly ! rebel k+ w\ld n be expect$ to be able to br+ into ! field z l>ge a =ce z ! entire /r5g? ( ,israel 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ days ( ,david4 ,! *ronicl]'s figures 9 ^! two passages are consi/5t1 b ! comp>ison is n an adequate reason = ! alt]ation 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 ,textual corruption is always a possibility 9 case ( numb]s1 b on ! :ole ?is p>ticul> *ange does n admit ( a satisfactory explanation4 ,9 v]4 #g we h a v /rik+ alt]ation4 ,accord+ to ! book ( ,samuel1 ,david's rep5tance 0 entirely spontane\s3 8,david's he>t smote him aft] t he _h numb]$ ! p07#cac72 b "h ,god smites ,israel1 & !n ,david's consci5ce awakes4 ,9 v]4 #ab ! *ronicl] makes a slight addition1 app>5tly to gratify 8 lit]>y ta/e4 ,9 ! orig9al n>rative ! ?ird alt]native (f]$ to ,david _h be5 describ$ simply z 8! pe/il5ce10 b 9 ,*ronicles ! words 8! sword ( ,jehovah0 are add$ 9 anti!sis to 8! sword ( ,?9e enemies0 9 ! previ\s v]se4 ,v]4 #af1 :i* describes ,david's vision ( ! angel ) ! drawn sword1 is an expansion ( ! simple /atem5t ( ! book ( ,samuel t ,david saw ! angel4 ,9 v]4 #ah we are n m]ely told t ,gad spake to ,david1 b t he spake by ! comm& ( ! angel ( ,jehovah4 ,v]4 #bj1 :i* tells u h[ ,ornan saw ! angel1 is an addition ( ! *ronicl]'s4 ,all ^! *anges lay /ress ^u ! int]v5tion ( ! angel1 & illu/rate ! int]e/ tak5 by ,judaism 9 ! m9i/ry ( angels4 ,ze*>iah1 ! prophet ( ! ,re/oration1 receiv$ 8 messages by ! disp5sation ( angels2 & ! title ( ! la/ canonical prophet1 ,mala*i1 probably means 8! ,angel40 ,! *ange f ,araunah to ,ornan is a m]e "q ( spell+4 ,possibly ,ornan is a some:at ,hebrais$ =m ( ! old] ,jebusite "n ,araunah4 ,9 v]4 #bb ! ref]5ce to 8a full price0 & o!r *anges 9 ! =m ( ,david's words are probably due to ! influ5ce ( ,g54 xxiii4 #i4 ,9 v]4 #bc ! *ronicl]'s famili>ity ) ! ritual ( sacrifice has l$ him to ins]t a ref]5ce to a meal (f]+1 to accompany ! burnt (f]+4 ,lat] on ! *ronicl] omits ! some:at ambigu\s words :i* seem to speak ( ,araunah z a k+4 ,he w\ld naturally avoid any?+ l a recognition ( ! royal /atus ( a ,jebusite pr9ce4 ,9 v]4 #be ,david pays mu* m de>ly = ,ornan's ?re%+-floor ?an 9 ! book ( ,samuel4 ,9 ! latt] ! price is fifty %ekels ( silv]1 9 ! =m] six hundr$ %ekels ( gold4 ,mo/ +5i\s attempts h be5 made to h>monise ! two /atem5ts4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t fifty %ekels ( silv] means silv] to ! value ( fifty %ekels ( gold & paid 9 gold1 & t six hundr$ %ekels ( gold means ! value ( six hundr$ %ekels ( silv] paid 9 gold4 ,a m lucid b equally impossible explanation is t ,david paid fifty %ekels = e tribe1 six hundr$ 9 all47#cad7 ,! real reason = ! *ange is t :5 ! ,temple became supremely important to ! ,jews ! small price ( fifty %ekels = ! site seem$ d]ogatory to ! dignity ( ! sanctu>y2 six hundr$ %ekels ( gold 0 a m appropriate sum4 ,abraham _h paid f\r hundr$ %ekels = a bury+-place2 & a site = ! ,temple1 :]e ,jehovah _h *os5 to put ,8 "n1 mu/ surely h co/ m4 ,! *ronicl] foll[$ ! tradition :i* _h gr[n up "u ! influ5ce ( ?is feel+4 ,*aps4 xxi4 #bg-xxii4 #a are an addition4 ,accord+ to ! ,levitical law1 ,david 0 fall+ into griev\s s9 9 sacrific+ any:]e except be=e ! ,mosaic alt> ( burnt (f]+4 ,! *ronicl] !re=e /ates ! special circum/ances t palliat$ ?is (f5ce aga9/ ! exclusive privileges ( ! "o sanctu>y ( ,jehovah4 ,he also rem9ds u t ?is ?re%+-floor became ! site ( ! alt> ( burnt (f]+ = ,solomon's temple4 ,"h he probably foll[s an anci5t & hi/orical tradition2 ! prom95ce giv5 to ! ?re%+-floor 9 ! book ( ,samuel indicates ! special sanctity ( ! site4 ,! ,temple is ! only sanctu>y ^: site c\ld be ?us connect$ ) ! la/ days ( ,david4 ,:5 ! book ( ,samuel 0 writt51 ! facts 7 too famili> to ne$ any explanation2 e "o knew t ! ,temple /ood on ! site ( ,araunah's ?re%+-floor4 ,! *ronicl]1 writ+ c5turies lat]1 felt x necess>y to make an explicit /atem5t on ! subject4 ,hav+ ?us attempt$ to und]/& h[ our n>rative assum$ its pres5t =m1 we w n[ tell ! *ronicl]'s /ory ( ^! incid5ts4 ,! long reign ( ,david 0 draw+ to a close4 ,hi!rto he _h be5 bless$ ) un9t]rupt$ prosp]ity & success4 ,8 armies _h be5 victori\s ov] all ! enemies ( ,israel1 ! bord]s ( ! l& ( ,jehovah _h be5 ext5d$1 ,david himself 0 lodg$ ) pr9cely spl5d\r1 & ! s]vices ( ! ,ark 7 conduct$ ) impos+ ritual by a num]\s array ( prie/s & ,levites4 ,k+ & p alike 7 at ! z5i? ( _! glory4 ,9 worldly prosp]ity & c>eful att5tion to religi\s obs]vances ,david & 8 p 7 n surpass$ by ,job himself4 ,app>5tly _! prosp]ity provok$ ! envi\s malice ( an evil & my/]i\s be+1 :o appe>s only "h 9 ,*ronicles3 ,satan1 ! p]secutor ( ,job4 ,! trial to :i* he subject$ ! loyalty ( ,david 0 m subtle & sugge/ive ?an 8 assault ^u ,job4 ,he h>ass$ ,job z ! w9d dealt ) ! travell] 9 ! fable1 & ,job only wrapp$ ! cloak ( 8 fai? clos] ab\t him2 ,satan all[$ ,david to rema9 9 ! full sun%9e ( prosp]ity1 & s$uc$ him into s9 by fo/]+ 8 pride 9 be+ ! p[]ful & victori\s pr9ce ( a mighty p4 ,he sugge/$ a c5sus4 ,david's pride w\ld be gratifi$ by obta9+ accurate in=mation z to ! myriads ( 8 subjects4 ,su* /ati/ics w\ld be useful = ! civil organisation ( ,israel2 ! k+ w\ld le>n :]e & h[ to recruit 8 army or to f9d an opportunity to impose additional taxation4 ,! temptation appeal$ alike to ! k+1 ! soldi]1 & ! /atesman1 & did n appeal 9 va94 ,david at once in/ruct$ ,joab & ! pr9ces to proce$ ) ! enum]ation2 ,joab demurr$ & prote/$3 ! c5sus w\ld be a cause ( guilt unto ,israel4 ,b n ev5 ! great influ5ce ( ! comm&]-9-*ief c\ld turn ! k+ f 8 purpose4 ,8 ^w prevail$ aga9/ ,joab1 :]e=e ,joab dep>t$1 & w5t ?r\gh\t all ,israel1 & came to ,j]usalem4 ,?is brief g5]al /atem5t indicates a long & labori\s task1 simplifi$ & facilitat$ 9 "s measure by ! primitive organisation ( society & by r\gh & ready me?ods adopt$ to secure ! v mod]ate degree ( accuracy ) :i* an anci5t ,ea/]n sov]eign w\ld be cont5t$4 ,:5 ,x]xes wi%$ to asc]ta9 ! numb] ( ! va/ army ) :i* he set out to invade ,greece1 8 (fic]s pack$ t5 ?\s& m5 into z small a space z possible & built a wall r\nd !m2 !n !y turn$ !m out1 & pack$ ! space aga9 & aga92 & s 9 "t !y asc]ta9$ h[ _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( m5 !re 7 9 ! army4 ,joab's me?ods w\ld be diff]5t1 b p]haps n mu* m exact4 ,he w\ld probably le>n f ! 8heads ( fa!rs' h\ses0 ! numb] ( fight+ m5 9 ea* family4 ,:]e ! h]$it>y *iefs ( a di/rict 7 indiff]5t1 he might make "s r\gh e/imate ( 8 own4 ,we may be sure t bo? ,joab & ! local au?orities w\ld be c>eful to err on ! safe side4 ,! k+ 0 anxi\s to le>n t he possess$ a l>ge numb] ( subjects4 ,probably z ! (fic]s ( ,x]xes w5t on ) _! c\nt+ !y omitt$ to pack ! measur$ area z closely z !y did at fir/2 !y might all[ eight or n9e ?\s& to pass = t5 ?\s&4 ,simil>ly ,david's s]vants w\ld1 to say ! lea/1 be anxi\s n to und]e/imate ! numb] ( 8 subjects4 ,! "w app>5tly w5t on smoo?ly2 no?+ is said t indicates any popul> objection or resi/ance to ! c5sus2 ! process ( enum]ation 0 n int]rupt$ by any tok5 ( ,div9e displeasure aga9/ ! 8cause ( guilt unto ,israel40 ,nev]!less ,joab's misgiv+s 7 n set at re/2 he did :at he c\ld to limit ! range ( ! c5sus & to )draw at lea/ two ( ! tribes f ! imp5d+ outbreak ( ,div9e wra?4 ,! tribe ( ,levi w\ld be exempt f taxation & ! obligation ( milit>y s]vice2 ,joab c\ld omit !m )\t r5d]+ 8 /ati/ics less useful = milit>y & f9ancial purposes4 ,9 n includ+ ! ,levites 9 ! g5]al c5sus ( ,israel1 ,joab 0 foll[+ ! prec$5t set by ! numb]+ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,b5jam9 0 probably omitt$ 9 ord] to protect ! ,holy ,city1 ! *ronicl] foll[+ t =m ( ! anci5t tradition :i* assign$ ,j]usalem to ,b5jam947#cae7 ,lat] on17#caf7 h[ev]1 ! *ronicl] seems to imply t ^! two tribes left to ! la/ 7 n numb]$ because ( ! gr[+ dissatisfaction ( ,joab ) 8 task3 8,joab ! son ( ,z]uiah began to numb]1 b f9i%$ n40 ,b ^! diff]5t reasons = ! omission ( ,levi & ,b5jam9 d n mutually exclude ea* o!r4 ,ano!r limitation is also /at$ 9 ! lat] ref]5ce3 8,david took n ! numb] ( !m tw5ty ye>s old & "u1 because ,jehovah _h said t ,he w\ld increase ,israel l to ! />s ( heav540 ,?is /atem5t & explanation seems a little sup]flu\s2 ! c5sus 0 specially conc]n$ ) ! fight+ m51 & 9 ! book ( ,numb]s only ^? ov] tw5ty are numb]$4 ,b we h se5 else:]e t ! *ronicl] has no great confid5ce 9 ! intellig5ce ( 8 read]s1 & feels b\nd to /ate def9itely matt]s t h only be5 impli$ & might be ov]look$4 ,"h1 !re=e1 he calls our att5tion to ! fact t ! numb]s previ\sly giv5 d n comprise ! :ole male population1 b only ! adults4 ,at la/ ! c5sus1 s f> z x 0 c>ri$ out at all1 0 f9i%$1 & ! results 7 pres5t$ to ! k+4 ,!y are meagre & bald comp>$ to ! volumes ( tables :i* =m ! report ( a mod]n c5sus4 ,only two divisions ( ! c\ntry are recognis$3 8,judah0 & 8,israel10 or ! t5 tribes4 ,! total is giv5 = ea*3 elev5 hundr$ ?\s& = ,israel1 f\r hundr$ & sev5ty ?\s& = ,judah1 9 all fifte5 hundr$ & sev5ty ?\s&4 ,:atev] details may h be5 giv5 to ! k+1 he w\ld be *iefly int]e/$ 9 ! gr& total4 ,its figures w\ld be ! mo/ /rik+ symbol ( ! ext5t ( 8 au?ority & ! glory ( 8 k+dom4 ,p]haps dur+ ! mon?s occupi$ 9 tak+ ! c5sus ,david _h =gott5 ! ineffectual prote/s ( ,joab1 & 0 able to receive 8 report )\t any pres5tim5t ( com+ evil4 ,ev5 if 8 m9d 7 n altoge!r at ease1 all misgiv+s w\ld = ! "t be =gott54 ,he probably made or _h made = him "s r\gh calculation z to ! total ( m51 wom51 & *ildr5 t w\ld correspond to ! va/ array ( fight+ m54 ,8 s]vants w\ld n reckon ! entire population at less ?an n9e or t5 millions4 ,8 he>t w\ld be uplift$ ) pride z he contemplat$ ! /atem5t ( ! multitudes t 7 ! subjects ( 8 cr[n & prep>$ to fight at 8 bidd+4 ,! numb]s are mod]ate comp>$ ) ! va/ populations & enorm\s armies ( ! great p[]s ( mod]n ,europe2 !y 7 f> surpass$ by ! ,roman empire & ! teem+ populations ( ! valleys ( ! ,nile1 ! ,euphrates1 & ! ,tigris2 b dur+ ! ,middle ,ages x 0 n (t5 possible to f9d 9 ,we/]n ,europe s l>ge a population "u "o gov]nm5t or s num]\s an army "u "o bann]4 ,! res\rces ( ,cyrus may n h be5 great] :5 he />t$ on 8 c>e] ( conque/2 & :5 ,x]xes ga!r$ into "o motley horde ! w>riors ( half ! kn[n _w1 _! total 0 only ab\t d\ble ! numb] ( ,david's robu/ & w>like ,israelites4 ,!re 0 no ent]prise t 0 likely to pres5t itself to 8 imag9ation t he might n h und]tak5 ) a reasonable probability ( success4 ,he mu/ h regrett$ t 8 days ( w>f>e 7 pa/1 & t ! unw>like ,solomon1 occupi$ ) m peaceful tasks1 w\ld all[ ?is magnific5t in/rum5t ( possible conque/s to ru/ unus$4 ,b ! k+ 0 n long left 9 undi/urb$ enjoym5t ( 8 greatness4 ,9 ! v mom5t ( 8 exaltation1 "s s5se ( ! ,div9e displeasure fell ^u him47#cag7 ,mank9d has le>nt by a long & sad exp]i5ce to di/ru/ its own happ9ess4 ,! brighte/ h\rs h come to possess a sugge/ion ( possible cata/rophe1 & classic /ory lov$ to tell ( ! unavail+ ef=ts ( =tunate pr9ces to avoid _! inevitable d[nfall4 ,polycrates & ,crsus1 h[ev]1 _h n tempt$ ! ,div9e ang] by o/5tati\s pride2 ,david's p[] & glory _h made him neglectful ( ! rev]5t homage due to ,jehovah1 & he _h s9n$ 9 spite ( ! express w>n+s ( 8 mo/ tru/$ m9i/]4 ,:5 ! revulsion ( feel+ came1 x 0 complete4 ,! k+ at once humbl$ himself "u ! mighty h& ( ,god1 & made full ackn[l$gm5t ( 8 s9 & folly3 8,i h s9n$ greatly 9 t ,i h done ?is ?+3 b n[ put away1 ,i besee* ,!e1 ! iniquity ( ,?y s]vant1 = ,i h done v fooli%ly40 ,! n>rative cont9ues z 9 ! book ( ,samuel4 ,rep5tance c\ld n av]t puni%m5t1 & ! puni%m5t /ruck directly at ,david's pride ( p[] & glory4 ,! great population 0 to be decimat$ ei!r by fam9e1 w>1 or pe/il5ce4 ,! k+ *ose to suff] f ! pe/il5ce1 8! sword ( ,jehovah03 8,let me fall n[ into ! h& ( ,jehovah1 = v great are ,8 m]cies2 & let me n fall into ! h& ( man4 ,s ,jehovah s5t a pe/il5ce ^u ,israel1 & !re fell ( ,israel sev5ty ?\s& m540 ,n ?ree days s9ce ,joab h&$ 9 8 report1 & already a d$uction ( sev5ty ?\s& w\ld h to be made f its total2 & /ill ! pe/il5ce 0 n *eck$1 = 8,god s5t an angel unto ,j]usalem to de/roy x40 ,if1 z we h suppos$1 ,joab _h )held ,j]usalem f ! c5sus1 8 pi\s caution 0 n[ rew>d$3 8,jehovah rep5t$ ,him ( ! evil1 & said to ! de/roy+ angel1 ,x is en\gh2 n[ /ay ?9e h&40 ,at ! v la/ mom5t ! cr[n+ cata/rophe 0 av]t$4 ,9 ! ,div9e c\nsels ,j]usalem 0 already deliv]$1 b to human eyes its fate /ill trembl$ 9 ! balance3 8,& ,david lift$ up 8 eyes1 & saw ! angel ( ,jehovah /& betwe5 ! e>? & ! heav51 hav+ a drawn sword 9 8 h& /ret*$ out ov] ,j]usalem40 ,s ano!r great ,israelite soldi] lift$ up 8 eyes beside ,j]i*o & beheld ! capta9 ( ! ho/ ( ,jehovah /&+ ov] aga9/ him ) 8 sword drawn 9 8 h&47#cah7 ,!n ! sword 0 drawn to smite ! enemies ( ,israel1 b n[ x 0 turn$ to smite ,israel itself4 ,david & 8 eld]s fell ^u _! faces z ,jo%ua _h done be=e !m3 8,& ,david said unto ,god1 ,is x n ,i t comm&$ ! p to be numb]$8 ev5 ,i x is t h s9n$ & done v wick$ly2 b ^! %eep1 :at h !y done8 ,let ,?9e h&1 ,i pray ,!e1 ,o ,jehovah my ,god1 be aga9/ me & aga9/ my fa!r's h\se1 b n aga9/ ,?y p1 t !y %\ld be plagu$40 ,! awful pres5ce return$ no answ] to ! guilty k+1 b address$ itself to ! prophet ,gad1 & comm&$ him to bid ,david g up & build an alt> to ,jehovah 9 ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite4 ,! comm& 0 a message ( m]cy4 ,jehovah p]mitt$ ,david to build ,him an alt>2 ,he 0 prep>$ to accept an (f]+ at 8 h&s4 ,! k+'s pray]s 7 he>d1 & ,j]usalem 0 sav$ f ! pe/il5ce4 ,b /ill ! angel /ret*$ out 8 drawn sword ov] ,j]usalem2 he wait$ till ! reconciliation ( ,jehovah ) ,8 p %\ld h be5 duly ratifi$ by solemn sacrifices4 ,at ! bidd+ ( ! prophet1 ,david w5t up to ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite4 ,sorr[ & reassurance1 hope & fe>1 cont5d$ = ! ma/]y4 ,no sacrifice c\ld call back to life ! sev5ty ?\s& victims :om ! pe/il5ce _h already de/roy$1 & yet ! horror ( its ravages 0 almo/ =gott5 9 relief at ! deliv]ance ( ,j]usalem f ! calamity t _h all b ov]tak5 x4 ,ev5 n[ ! uplift$ sword might be only back = a "t2 ,satan might yet br+ ab\t "s he$less & s9ful act1 & ! respite might end n 9 p>don1 b 9 ! execution ( ,god's purpose ( v5geance4 ,saul _h be5 condemn$ because he sacrific$ too soon2 n[ p]haps delay w\ld be fatal4 ,uzzah _h be5 smitt5 because he t\*$ ! ,ark2 till ! sacrifice 0 actually (f]$ :o c\ld tell :e!r "s ?\ghtless blund] w\ld n aga9 provoke ! wra? ( ,jehovah8 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances ,david w\ld n h d>$ to sacrifice any:]e except ^u ! alt> ( burnt (f]+ be=e ! tab]nacle at ,gibeon2 he w\ld h us$ ! m9i/ry ( prie/s & ,levites4 ,b ritual is helpless 9 great em]g5cies4 ,! angel ( ,jehovah ) ! drawn sword seem$ to b> ! way to ,gibeon1 z once be=e he _h b>r$ ,balaam's progress :5 he came to curse ,israel4 ,9 8 supreme ne$ ,david builds 8 own alt> & (f]s 8 own sacrifices2 he receives ! ,div9e answ] )\t ! int]v5tion ?is "t ( ei!r prie/ or prophet4 ,by ,god's mo/ m]ciful & my/]i\s grace1 ,david's guilt & puni%m5t1 8 rep5tance & p>don1 broke d[n all b>ri]s betwe5 himself & ,god4 ,b1 z he w5t up to ! ?re%+-floor1 he 0 /ill tr\bl$ & anxi\s4 ,! burd5 0 p>tly lift$ f 8 he>t1 b he /ill crav$ full assurance ( p>don4 ,! m5ac+ attitude ( ! de/roy+ angel seem$ to hold out little promise ( m]cy & =giv5ess1 & yet ! comm& to sacrifice w\ld be cruel mock]y if ,jehovah did n int5d to be graci\s to ,8 p & ,8 ano9t$4 ,at ! ?re%+-floor ,ornan & 8 f\r sons 7 ?re%+ :eat1 app>5tly unmov$ by ! prospect ( ! ?reat5$ pe/il5ce4 ,9 ,egypt ! ,israelites 7 protect$ f ! plagues ) :i* _! oppressors 7 puni%$4 ,possibly n[ ! situation 0 rev]s$1 & ! remnant ( ! ,canaanites 9 ,pale/9e 7 n afflict$ by ! pe/il5ce t fell ^u ,israel4 ,b ,ornan turn$ back & saw ! angel2 he may n h kn[n ! grim mission ) :i* ! ,"l's mess5g] _h be5 entru/$1 b ! aspect ( ! de/roy]1 8 ?reat5+ attitude1 & ! lurid radiance ( 8 un%ea!d & out/ret*$ sword mu/ h seem$ unmi/akable tok5s ( com+ calamity4 ,:atev] might be ?reat5$ = ! future1 ! actual appe>ance ( ?is sup]natural visitant 0 en\gh to unn]ve ! /\te/ he>t2 & ,ornan's f\r sons hid !mselves4 ,be=e long1 h[ev]1 ,ornan's t]rors 7 some:at reliev$ by ! approa* ( less =midable visitors4 ,! k+ & 8 foll[]s _h v5tur$ to %[ !mselves op5ly1 9 spite ( ! de/roy+ angel2 & !y _h v5tur$ ) impunity4 ,ornan w5t =? & b[$ himself to ,david ) 8 face to ! gr\nd4 ,9 anci5t days ! fa!r ( ! fai?ful1 oppress$ by ! burd5 ( 8 b]eavem5t1 w5t to ! ,hittites to pur*ase a bury+-place = 8 wife4 ,n[ ! la/ ( ! ,patri>*s1 m\rn+ = ! suff]+s ( 8 p1 came by ,div9e comm& to ! ,jebusite to pur*ase ! gr\nd on :i* to (f] sacrifices1 t ! plague might be /ay$ f ! p4 ,! =m ( b>ga9+ 0 some:at simil> 9 bo? cases4 ,we are told t b>ga9s are conclud$ 9 mu* ! same fa%ion to-day4 ,abraham _h paid f\r hundr$ %ekels ( silv] = ! field ( ,ephron 9 ,ma*pelah1 8) ! cave :i* 0 !re91 & all ! trees t 7 9 ! field40 ,! price ( ,ornan's ?re%+-floor 0 9 proportion to ! dignity & weal? ( ! royal pur*as] & ! sacr$ purpose = :i* x 0 design$4 ,! =tunate ,jebusite receiv$ no less ?an six hundr$ %ekels ( gold4 ,david built 8 alt>1 & (f]$ up 8 sacrifices & pray]s to ,jehovah4 ,!n1 9 answ] to ,david's pray]s1 z lat] 9 answ] to ,solomon's1 fire fell f heav5 ^u ! alt> ( burnt (f]+1 & all ?is :ile ! sword ( ,jehovah flam$ across ! heav5s above ,j]usalem1 & ! de/roy+ angel rema9$ passive1 b to all appe>ances unappeas$4 ,b z ! fire ( ,god fell f heav51 ,jehovah gave yet ano!r f9al & conv9c+ tok5 t ,he w\ld no long] execute judgm5t aga9/ ,8 p4 ,9 spite ( all t _h happ5$ to reassure !m1 ! spectators mu/ h be5 ?rill$ ) al>m :5 !y saw t ! angel ( ,jehovah no long] rema9$ /ation>y1 & t 8 flam+ sword 0 mov+ ?r\gh ! heav5s4 ,_! r5ew$ t]ror 0 only = a mom5t3 8! angel put up 8 sword aga9 into ! %ea? !re(10 & ! p brea!d m freely :5 !y saw ! in/rum5t ( ,jehovah's wra? vani% out ( _! sight4 ,! use ( ,ma*pelah z a patri>*al bury+-place l$ to ! e/abli%m5t ( a sanctu>y at ,hebron1 :i* cont9u$ to be ! seat ( a debas$ & deg5]ate wor%ip ev5 aft] ! com+ ( ,*ri/4 ,x is ev5 n[ a ,mohamm$an holy place4 ,b on ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite !re 0 to arise a m wor?y memorial ( ! m]cy & judgm5t ( ,jehovah4 ,)\t ! aid ( prie/ly oracle or prophetic utt]ance1 ,david 0 l$ by ! ,_s ( ! ,"l to disc]n ! significance ( ! comm& to p]=m an irregul> sacrifice 9 a hi!rto unconsecrat$ place4 ,:5 ! sword ( ! de/roy+ angel int]pos$ betwe5 ,david & ! ,mosaic tab]nacle & alt> ( ,gibeon1 ! way 0 n m]ely b>r$ aga9/ ! k+ & 8 c\rt on "o exceptional occasion4 ,! incid5ts ( ?is crisis symbolis$ ! cutt+ (f = ev] ( ! wor%ip ( ,israel f its anci5t %r9e & ! transf]5ce ( ! ,div9ely appo9t$ c5tre ( ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah to ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite1 t is to say to ,j]usalem1 ! city ( ,david & ! capital ( ,judah4 ,! lessons ( ?is incid5t1 s f> z ! *ronicl] has simply borr[$ f 8 au?ority1 belong to ! exposition ( ! book ( ,samuel4 ,! ma9 features peculi> to ,*ronicles are ! introduction ( ! evil angel ,satan1 toge!r ) ! great] prom95ce giv5 to ! angel ( ,jehovah1 & ! express /atem5t t ! sc5e ( ,david's sacrifice became ! site ( ,solomon's alt> ( burnt (f]+4 ,! /ress laid ^u angelic ag5cy is *>act]i/ic ( lat] ,jewi% lit]ature1 & is especially m>k$ 9 ,ze*>iah & ,daniel4 ,x 0 no d\bt p>tly due to ! influ5ce ( ! ,p]sian religion1 b x 0 also a developm5t f ! primitive fai? ( ,israel1 & ! developm5t 0 fav\r$ by ! c\rse ( ,jewi% hi/ory4 ,! ,captivity & ! ,re/oration1 ) ! ev5ts t prec$$ & accompani$ ^! revolutions1 enl>g$ ! ,jewi% exp]i5ce ( nature & man4 ,! captives 9 ,babylon & ! fugitives 9 ,egypt saw t ! _w 0 l>g] ?an !y _h imag9$4 ,9 ,josiah's reign ! ,scy?ians f ! f> ,nor? swept ov] ,we/]n ,asia1 & ! ,m$es & ,p]sians broke 9 ^u ,assyria & ,*alda f ! remote ,ea/4 ,! prophets claim$ ,scy?ians1 ,m$es1 & ,p]sians z ! in/rum5ts ( ,jehovah4 ,! ,jewi% appreciation ( ! maje/y ( ,jehovah1 ! ,mak] & ,rul] ( ! _w1 increas$ z !y le>nt m ( ! _w ,he _h made & rul$2 b ! invasion ( a remote & unkn[n p impress$ !m ) ! idea ( inf9ite dom9ion & unlimit$ res\rces1 beyond all k & exp]i5ce4 ,! c\rse ( ,israelite hi/ory betwe5 ,david & ,ezra involv$ z great a wid5+ ( man's ideas ( ! univ]se z ! discov]y ( ,am]ica or ! e/abli%m5t ( ,cop]nican a/ronomy4 ,a ,scy?ian invasion 0 sc>cely less port5t\s to ! ,jews ?an ! desc5t ( an irresi/ible army f ! planet ,jupit] w\ld be to ! civilis$ nations ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,! ,jew began to %r9k f intimate & famili> fell[%ip ) s mighty & my/]i\s a ,deity4 ,he felt ! ne$ ( a m$iator1 "s less exalt$ be+1 to /& betwe5 himself & ,god4 ,= ! ord9>y purposes ( ev]yday life ! ,temple1 ) its ritual & prie/hood1 provid$ a m$iation2 b = un=ese5 cont+5cies & exceptional crises ! ,jews welcom$ ! belief t a m9i/ry ( angels provid$ a safe means ( int]c\rse betwe5 himself & ! ,almighty4 ,_m m5 h come to feel to-day t ! discov]ies ( sci5ce h made ! univ]se s inf9ite & m>vell\s t its ,mak] & ,gov]nor is exalt$ beyond human approa*4 ,! inf9ite spaces ( ! con/ellations seem to int]v5e betwe5 ! e>? & ! pres5ce-*amb] ( ,god2 its doors are gu>d$ aga9/ pray] & fai? by inexorable laws2 ! awful ,be+1 :o dwells )91 has become 8unmeasur$ 9 height1 undi/+ui%$ into =m40 ,intellect & imag9ation alike fail to comb9e ! manifold & t]rible attributes ( ! ,au?or ( nature into ! picture ( a lov+ ,fa!r4 ,x is no new exp]i5ce1 & ! pres5t c5tury faces ! situation v mu* z did ! *ronicl]'s contempor>ies4 ,"s are happy en\gh to re/ 9 ! m$iation ( ritual prie/s2 o!rs are cont5t to recognise1 z ( old1 p[]s & =ces1 n n[1 h[ev]1 p]sonal mess5g]s ( ,jehovah1 b ! physical ag5cies ( 8t :i* makes = righte\sness40 ,*ri/ came to sup]s$e ! ,mosaic ritual & ! m9i/ry ( angels2 ,he w come aga9 to br+ ^? :o are f> (f into r5ew$ fell[%ip ) ,8 ,fa!r & !irs4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! recognition ( ,satan1 ! evil angel1 m>ks an equally great *ange f ! !ology ( ! book ( ,samuel4 ,! primitive ,israelite religion _h n yet rea*$ ! /age at :i* ! orig9 & exi/5ce ( moral evil became an urg5t problem ( religi\s ?\ght2 m5 _h n yet realis$ ! logical consequ5ces ( ! doctr9e ( ,div9e unity & omnipot5ce4 ,n only 0 mat]ial evil trac$ to ,jehovah z ! expression ( ,8 j wra? aga9/ s91 b 8morally p]nici\s acts 7 q frankly ascrib$ to ! direct ag5cy ( ,god407#cai7 ,god h>d5s ! he>t ( ,ph>aoh & ! ,canaanites2 ,saul is in/igat$ by an evil _s f ,jehovah to make an attempt ^u ! life ( ,david2 ,jehovah moves ,david to numb] ,israel2 ,he s5ds =? a ly+ _s t ,ahab's prophets may prophesy falsely & entice him to 8 ru947#cbj7 ,! ,div9e orig9 ( moral evil impli$ 9 ^! passages is def9itely /at$ 9 ! book ( ,prov]bs3 8,jehovah ha? made ev]y?+ = its own end1 yea ev5 ! wick$ = ! day ( evil02 9 ,lam5tations1 8,out ( ! m\? ( ! ,mo/ ,high come? !re n evil & good80 & 9 ! book ( ,isaiah1 8,i =m ! light1 & create d>kness2 ,i make peace1 & create evil2 ,i am ,jehovah1 t doe? all ^! ?+s407#cba7 ,! ultra-,calv9ism1 s to speak1 ( e>li] ,israelite religion 0 only possible s long z its full significance 0 n und]/ood4 ,an emphatic ass]tion ( ! absolute sov]eignty ( ! "o ,god 0 necess>y z a prote/ aga9/ poly!ism1 & lat] on aga9/ dualism z well4 ,= practical purposes m5's fai? ne$$ to be protect$ by ! assurance t ,god work$ out ,8 purposes 9 & ?r\gh human wick$ness4 ,! e>li] attitude ( ! ,old ,te/am5t t[>ds moral evil _h a di/9ct practical & !ological value4 ,b ! consci5ce ( ,israel c\ld n always re/ 9 ?is view ( ! orig9 ( evil4 ,z ! /&>d ( morality 0 rais$1 & its obligations 7 m fully insi/$ on1 z m5 %rank f caus+ evil !mselves & f ! use ( deceit & viol5ce1 !y hesitat$ m & m to ascribe to ,jehovah :at !y s\ght to avoid !mselves4 ,& yet no easy way ( escape pres5t$ itself4 ,! facts rema9$2 ! temptation to d evil 0 "p ( ! puni%m5t ( ! s9n] & ( ! discipl9e ( ! sa9t4 ,x 0 impossible to d5y t s9 _h its place 9 ,god's gov]nm5t ( ! _w2 & 9 view ( m5's gr[+ rev]5ce & moral s5sitiv5ess1 x 0 becom+ almo/ equally impossible to admit )\t qualification or explanation t ,god 0 ,himself ! ,au?or ( evil4 ,jewi% ?\ght f\nd itself face to face ) ! dilemma aga9/ :i* ! human intellect va9ly beats its w+s1 l a bird aga9/ ! b>s ( its cage4 ,h[ev]1 ev5 9 ! old] lit]ature !re 7 sugge/ions1 n inde$ ( a solution ( ! problem1 b ( a less objectionable way ( /at+ facts4 ,9 ,ed5 ! temptation to evil comes f ! s]p5t2 &1 z ! /ory is told1 ! s]p5t is q indep5d5t ( ,god2 & ! "q ( any ,div9e au?ority or p]mission = its action is n 9 any way dealt )4 ,x is true t ! s]p5t 0 "o ( ! bea/s ( ! field :i* ! ,"l ,god _h made1 b ! n>rator probably did n consid] ! "q ( any ,div9e responsibility = its wick$ness4 ,aga91 :5 ,ahab is entic$ to 8 ru91 ,jehovah does n act directly1 b ?r\gh ! tw(old ag5cy fir/ ( ! ly+ _s & !n ( ! delud$ prophets4 ,?is t5d5cy to dissociate ,god f any direct ag5cy ( evil is fur!r illu/rat$ 9 ,job & ,ze*>iah4 ,:5 ,job is to be tri$ & tempt$1 ! actual ag5t is ! malevol5t ,satan2 & ! same evil _s /&s =? to accuse ! high-prie/ ,jo%ua7#cbb7 z ! repres5tative ( ,israel4 ,! developm5t ( ! idea ( angelic ag5cy af=d$ new res\rces = ! rev]5t exposition ( ! facts connect$ ) ! orig9 & exi/5ce ( moral evil4 ,if a s5se ( ,div9e maje/y l$ to a recognition ( ! angel ( ,jehovah z ! ,m$iator ( revelation1 ! rev]5ce = ,div9e hol9ess imp]atively dem&$ t ! imm$iate causation ( evil %\ld also be associat$ ) angelic ag5cy4 ,?is ag5t ( evil receives ! "n ( ,satan1 ! adv]s>y ( man1 ! advocatus diaboli :o seeks to discr$it man be=e ,god1 ! impea*] ( ,job's loyalty & ( ,jo%ua's purity4 ,yet ,jehovah does n resign any ( ,8 omnipot5ce4 ,9 ,job ,satan _c act )\t ,god's p]mission2 he is /rictly limit$ by ,div9e control3 all t he does only illu/rates ,div9e wisdom & effects ! ,div9e purpose4 ,9 ,ze*>iah !re is no refutation ( ! *>ge br\ght by ,satan2 its tru? is virtually admitt$3 nev]!less ,satan is rebuk$ = 8 attempt to h9d] ,god's graci\s purposes t[>ds ,8 p4 ,?us lat] ,jewi% ?\ght left ! ultimate ,div9e sov]eignty unt\*$1 b attribut$ ! actual & direct causation ( moral evil to malign spiritual ag5cy4 ,tra9$ 9 ?is s*ool1 ! *ronicl] mu/ h read ) some?+ ( a %ock t ,jehovah mov$ ,david to commit ! s9 ( numb]+ ,israel4 ,he 0 famili> ) ! idea t 9 su* matt]s ,jehovah us$ or p]mitt$ ! activity ( ,satan4 ,accord+ly he c>efully avoids reproduc+ any words f ! book ( ,samuel t imply a direct ,div9e temptation ( ,david1 & ascribes x to ! well-kn[n & crafty animosity ( ,satan aga9/ ,israel4 ,9 s do+1 he has gone some:at fur!r ?an 8 pr$ecessors3 he is n c>eful to emphasise any ,div9e p]mission giv5 to ,satan or ,div9e control ex]cis$ ov] him4 ,! subsequ5t n>rative implies an ov]rul+ = good1 & ! *ronicl] may h expect$ 8 read]s to und]/& t ,satan "h /ood 9 ! same relation to ,god z 9 ,job & ,ze*>iah2 b ! abrupt & isolat$ introduction ( ,satan to br+ ab\t ! fall ( ,david inve/s ! ar*-enemy ) a new & m indep5d5t dignity4 ,! progress ( ! ,jews 9 moral & spiritual life _h giv5 !m a ke5] appreciation bo? ( good & evil1 & ( ! contra/ & opposition betwe5 !m4 ,ov] aga9/ ! pictures ( ! good k+s1 & ( ! angel ( ! ,"l1 ! g5]ation ( ! *ronicl] set ! complem5t>y pictures ( ! wick$ k+s & ! evil angel4 ,!y _h a high] ideal to /rive aft]1 a cle>] vision ( ! k+dom ( ,god2 !y also saw m vividly ! dep?s ( ,satan & recoil$ ) horror f ! abyss reveal$ to !m4 ,our text af=ds a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! t5d5cy to emphasise ! recognition ( ,satan z ! in/rum5t ( evil & to ignore ! "q ( ! relation ( ,god to ! orig9 ( evil4 ,possibly no m practical attitude c be assum$ t[>ds ?is difficult "q4 ,! absolute relation ( evil to ! ,div9e sov]eignty is "o ( ! problems ( ! ultimate nature ( ,god & man4 ,its discussion may ?r[ _m sidelights ^u o!r subjects1 & w always s]ve ! edify+ & necess>y purpose ( tea*+ m5 ! limitations ( _! intellectual p[]s4 ,o!rwise !ologians h f\nd su* controv]sies b>r51 & ! av]age ,*ri/ian has n be5 able to d]ive f !m any suitable n\ri%m5t = 8 spiritual life4 ,high] intellig5ces ?an our own1 we h be5 told1-- 8444 reason$ high ,( provid5ce1 =ekn[l$ge1 w1 & fate1 ,fix$ fate1 free-w1 =ekn[l$ge absolute1 ,& f\nd no end1 9 w&]+ mazes lo/40 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is supremely important t ! believ] %\ld cle>ly und]/& ! reality ( temptation z an evil spiritual =ce oppos$ to ,div9e grace4 ,sometimes ?is p[] ( ,satan w %[ itself z 8! ali5 law 9 8 memb]s1 w>r+ aga9/ ! law ( 8 m9d & br++ him into captivity "u ! law ( s91 :i* is 9 8 memb]s40 ,he w be consci\s t 8he is drawn away by 8 own lu/ & entic$40 ,b sometimes temptation w r come f ! outside4 ,a man w f9d 8 8adv]s>y0 9 circum/ances1 9 evil companions1 9 8! sight ( means to d ill de$s02 ! s]p5t :isp]s 9 8 e>1 & ,satan moves him to wrong-do+4 ,let him n imag9e = a mom5t t he is deliv]$ ov] to ! p[]s ( evil2 let him realise cle>ly t ) e temptation ,god provides a way ( escape4 ,e man kn[s 9 8 own consci5ce t speculative difficulties c nei!r de/roy ! sanctity ( moral obligation nor h9d] ! op]ation ( ! grace ( ,god4 ,inde$1 ! *ronicl] is at "o ) ! books ( ,job & ,ze*>iah 9 %[+ u ! malice ( ,satan ov]rul$ = man's good & ,god's glory4 ,9 ,job ! affliction ( ! ,patri>* only s]ves to br+ out 8 fai? & devotion1 & is ev5tually rew>d$ by r5ew$ & increas$ prosp]ity2 9 ,ze*>iah ! prote/ ( ,satan aga9/ ,god's graci\s purposes = ,israel is made ! occasion ( a s+ul> display ( ,god's fav\r t[>ds ,8 p & _! prie/4 ,9 ,*ronicles ! malici\s int]v5tion ( ,satan leads up to ! build+ ( ! ,temple4 ,long ago ,jehovah _h promis$ to *oose a place 9 ,israel :]e9 to set ,8 "n2 b1 z ! *ronicl] read 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 nation1 ! ,israelites dwelt = c5turies 9 ,pale/9e1 & ,jehovah made no sign3 ! ark ( ,god /ill dwelt 9 curta9s4 ,^? :o /ill look$ = ! fulfilm5t ( ?is anci5t promise mu/ (t5 h wond]$ by :at prophetic utt]ance or vision ,jehovah w\ld make kn[n ,8 *oice4 ,be!l _h be5 consecrat$ by ! vision ( ,jacob1 :5 he 0 a solit>y fugitive f ,esau1 pay+ ! p5alty ( 8 selfi% craft2 b ! lessons ( pa/ hi/ory are n (t5 appli$ practically1 & probably no "o ev] expect$ t ,jehovah's *oice ( ! site = ,8 "o temple w\ld be made kn[n to ,8 *os5 k+1 ! fir/ true ,messiah ( ,israel1 9 a mom5t ( ev5 deep] humiliation ?an ,jacob's1 or t ! ,div9e ann\ncem5t w\ld be ! climax ( a s]ies ( ev5ts initiat$ by ! successful ma*9ations ( ,satan4 ,yet h]e9 lies "o ( ! ma9 lessons ( ! incid5t4 ,satan's ma*9ations are n really successful2 he (t5 atta9s 8 imm$iate object1 b is always defeat$ 9 ! end4 ,he e/ranges ,david f ,jehovah = a mom5t1 b ev5tually ,jehovah & ,8 p are drawn into clos] union1 & _! reconciliation is seal$ by ! long-expect$ *oice ( a site = ! ,temple4 ,jehovah is l a great g5]al1 :o w sometimes all[ ! enemy to obta9 a tempor>y advantage1 9 ord] to ov]:elm him 9 "s cru%+ defeat4 ,! et]nal purpose ( ,god moves onw>d1 unre/+ & unha/+2 its quiet & irresi/ible p]si/5ce f9ds special opportunity 9 ! h9drances t seem sometimes to *eck its progress4 ,9 ,david's case a few mon?s %[$ ! :ole process complete3 ! malice ( ! ,enemy2 ! s9 & puni%m5t ( 8 unhappy victim2 ! ,div9e rel5t+ & its solemn symbol 9 ! newly consecrat$ alt>4 ,b ) ! ,"l "o day is z a ?\s& ye>s1 & a ?\s& ye>s z "o day2 & ?is brief episode 9 ! hi/ory ( a small p is a symbol alike ( ! et]nal deal+s ( ,god 9 ,8 gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se & ( ,8 p]sonal c>e = ! individual s\l4 ,h[ %ort-liv$ has be5 ! victory ( s9 9 _m s\ls6 ,s9 is triumphant2 ! tempt] seems to h x all 8 own way1 b 8 fir/ successes only lead to 8 f9al r\t2 ! devil is ca/ out by ! ,div9e exorcism ( *a/isem5t & =giv5ess2 & he le>ns t 8 ef=ts h be5 made to subs]ve ! tra9+ 9 ! ,*ri/ian w>f>e ( su* w>riors z ,augu/9e & ,john ,bunyan4 ,or1 to take a case m p>allel to t ( ,david1 ,satan cat*es ! sa9t unaw>es1 & entraps him into s92 &1 behold1 :ile ! evil "o is 9 ! fir/ flu% ( triumph1 8 victim is back aga9 at ! ?rone ( grace 9 an agony ( contrition1 & be=e long ! rep5tant s9n] is b[$ d[n into a new humility at ! undes]v$ graci\sness ( ! ,div9e p>don3 ! *a9s ( love are rivet$ ) a full] con/ra9t ab\t 8 s\l1 & he is t5fold m ! *ild ( ,god ?an be=e4 ,& 9 ! l>g] life ( ! ,*ur* & ! _w ,satan's triumphs are /ill ! h]alds ( 8 utt] defeat4 ,he prompt$ ! ,jews to slay ,/eph52 & ! ,*ur* 7 scatt]$ abroad1 & w5t ab\t prea*+ ! ^w2 & ! "y man at ^: feet ! witnesses laid d[n _! g>m5ts became ! ,apo/le ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,he trick$ ! reluctant ,diocletian into ord]+ ! greate/ ( ! p]secutions1 & 9 a few ye>s ,*ri/ianity 0 an e/abli%$ religion 9 ! empire4 ,9 m secul> matt]s ! app>5t triumph ( an evil pr9ciple is usually ! signal = its d[nfall4 ,9 ,am]ica ! slave-hold]s ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates rode r\gh-%od ov] ! ,nor!rn]s = m ?an a g5]ation1 & !n came ! ,civil ,w>4 ,^! are n isolat$ in/ances1 & !y s]ve to w>n u aga9/ undue depression & despond5cy :5 = a season ,god seems to refra9 f any int]v5tion ) "s ( ! evils ( ! _w4 ,we are apt to ask 9 our impati5ce1-- 8,is !re n wrong too bitt] = aton+8 ,:at are ^! desp]ate & hide\s ye>s8 ,ha/ ,?\ n he>d ,?y :ole creation groan+1 ,sighs ( ! bondsman1 & a woman's te>s80 ,! works ( ,satan are z e>?ly z !y are devili%2 !y belong to ! _w2 :i* passe? away1 ) ! lu/ !re(3 b ! graci\s provid5ce ( ,god has all inf9ity & all et]nity to "w 94 ,:]e to-day we c see no?+ b ! de/roy+ angel ) 8 flam+ sword1 future g5]ations %all behold ! temple ( ! ,"l4 ,david's s91 & p5it5ce1 & p>don 7 no inappropriate preludes to ?is consecration ( ,m\nt ,moriah4 ,! ,temple 0 n built = ! use ( blameless sa9ts1 b ! wor%ip ( ord9>y m5 & wom54 ,israel ?r\gh c\ntless g5]ations 0 to br+ ! burd5 ( its s9s to ! alt> ( ,jehovah4 ,! sacr$ spl5d\r ( ,solomon's d$ication fe/ival duly repres5t$ ! national dignity ( ,israel & ! maje/y ( ! ,god ( ,jacob2 b ! self-ab&onm5t ( ,david's rep5tance1 ! deliv]ance ( ,j]usalem f imp5d+ pe/il5ce1 ! ,div9e p>don ( presumptu\s s91 con/itut$ a /ill m solemn inauguration ( ! place :]e ,jehovah _h *os5 to set ,8 "n4 ,! s9n]1 seek+ ! assurance ( p>don 9 aton+ sacrifice1 w\ld rememb] h[ ,david _h !n receiv$ p>don = 8 s91 & h[ ! acceptance ( 8 (f]+s _h be5 ! signal = ! disappe>ance ( ! de/roy+ angel4 ,s 9 ! ,middle ,ages p5it5ts f\nd$ *ur*es to expiate _! s9s4 ,su* sanctu>ies w\ld symbolise to s9n]s 9 aft]-times ! possibility ( =giv5ess2 !y 7 monum5ts ( ,god's m]cy z well z ( ! f\nd]s' p5it5ce4 ,to-day *ur*es1 bo? 9 fabric & fell[%ip1 h be5 made sacr$ = individual wor%ipp]s because 9 !m ! ,_s ( ,god has mov$ !m to rep5tance & be/[$ ^u !m ! assurance ( p>don4 ,moreov]1 ?is solemn exp]i5ce consecrates = ,god ,8 mo/ acceptable temples 9 ! s\ls ( ^? t love ,him4 ,"o o!r lesson is sugge/$ by ! happy issues ( ,satan's malign int]f]5ce 9 ! hi/ory ( ,israel z und]/ood by ! *ronicl]4 ,! inauguration ( ! new alt> 0 a direct brea* ( ! ,levitical law1 & involv$ ! sup]s$+ ( ! alt> & tab]nacle t _h hi!rto be5 ! only legitimate sanctu>y = ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah4 ,?us ! new ord] _h its orig9 9 ! violation ( exi/+ ord9ances & ! neglect ( an anci5t sanctu>y4 ,its e>ly hi/ory con/itut$ a decl>ation ( ! transi5t "* ( sanctu>ies & sy/ems ( ritual4 ,god w\ld n et]nally limit himself to any build+1 or ,8 grace to ! obs]vance ( any =ms ( ext]nal ritual4 ,long be=e ! *ronicl]'s "t ,j]emiah _h proclaim$ ?is lesson 9 ! e>s ( ,judah3 8,g ye n[ unto ,my place :i* 0 9 ,%iloh1 :]e ,i caus$ ,my "n to dwell at ! fir/1 & see :at ,i did to x = ! wick$ness ( ,my p ,israel4444 ,i w d unto ! h\se :i* is call$ by ,my "n1 :]e9 ye tru/1 & unto ! place :i* ,i gave to y & y\r fa!rs1 z ,i h done to ,%iloh4444 ,i w make ?is h\se l ,%iloh1 & w make ?is city a curse to all ! nations ( ! e>?407#cbc7 ,9 ! ,tab]nacle all ?+s 7 made accord+ to ! patt]n t 0 %[$ to ,moses 9 ! m\nt2 = ! ,temple ,david 0 made to und]/& ! patt]n ( all ?+s 89 writ+ f ! h& ( ,jehovah407#cbd7 ,if ! ,tab]nacle c\ld be set aside = ! ,temple1 ! ,temple might 9 its turn give place to ! univ]sal ,*ur*4 ,if ,god all[$ ,david 9 8 great ne$ to ignore ! "o legitimate alt> ( ! ,tab]nacle & to sacrifice )\t its (ficials1 ! fai?ful ,israelite might be enc\rag$ to believe t 9 extreme em]g5cy ,jehovah w\ld accept 8 (f]+ )\t reg>d to place or prie/4 ,! pr9ciples "h involv$ are ( v wide application4 ,e ecclesia/ical sy/em 0 at fir/ a new dep>ture4 ,ev5 if its highe/ claims be admitt$1 !y simply ass]t t )9 hi/oric times ,god set aside "s o!r sy/em previ\sly enjoy+ ! sanction ( ,8 au?ority1 & sub/itut$ = x a m excell5t way4 ,! ,temple succe$$ ! ,tab]nacle2 ! synagogue appropriat$ 9 a s5se "p ( ! au?ority ( ! ,temple2 ! ,*ur* sup]s$$ bo? synagogue & ,temple4 ,god's action 9 au?oris+ ea* new dep>ture w>rants ! expectation t ,he may yet sanction new ecclesia/ical sy/ems2 ! au?ority :i* is suffici5t to e/abli% is also adequate to sup]s$e4 ,:5 ! ,anglican ,*ur* broke away f ! unity ( ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom by d5y+ ! supremacy ( ! ,pope & refus+ to recognise ! ord]s ( o!r ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 %e set an example ( dissid5ce t 0 naturally foll[$ by ! ,presbyt]ians & ,indep5d5ts4 ,! revolt ( ! ,re=m]s aga9/ ! !ology ( _! day 9 a measure ju/ifies ^? :o h repudiat$ ! dogmatic sy/ems ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur*es4 ,9 ^! & 9 o!r ways to claim fre$om f au?ority1 ev5 9 ord] to set up a new au?ority ( "o's own1 involves 9 pr9ciple at lea/ ! concession to o!rs ( a simil> lib]ty ( revolt aga9/ "o's self4 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,conclusion4 ,9 deal+ ) ! v>i\s subjects ( ?is book1 we h res]v$ = sep>ate treatm5t _! relation to ! ,messianic hopes ( ! ,jews & to ! realisation ( ^! hopes 9 ,*ri/4 ,! ,messianic tea*+ ( ,*ronicles is only complete :5 we collect & comb9e ! noble/ traits 9 its pictures ( ,david & ,solomon1 ( prophets1 prie/s1 & k+s4 ,we _c ascribe to ,*ronicles any great influ5ce on ! subsequ5t developm5t ( ! ,jewi% idea ( ! ,messiah4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! *ronicl] does n po9t out ! be>+ :i* 8 treatm5t ( hi/ory has ^u ! expectation ( a future deliv]]4 ,he has no =mal int5tion ( describ+ ! "* & (fice ( ! ,messiah2 he m]ely wi%es to write a hi/ory s z to emphasise ! facts :i* mo/ =cibly illu/rat$ ! sacr$ mission ( ,israel4 ,&1 9 ! second place1 ,*ronicles nev] ex]cis$ any great influ5ce ov] ,jewi% ?\ght1 & nev] atta9$ to any?+ l ! popul>ity ( ! books ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,_m circum/ances conspir$ to prev5t ! ,temple m9i/ry f obta9+ an undivid$ au?ority ov] lat] ,judaism4 ,! gr[? ( _! p[] 0 brok5 9 ^u by ! p]secutions ( ,antio*us & ! w>s ( ! ,maccabees4 ,! m9i/ry ( ! ,temple "u ! ,maccaban high-prie/s mu/ h be5 v diff]5t f t to :i* ! *ronicl] belong$4 ,ev5 if ! prie/s & ,levites /ill ex]cis$ any influ5ce ^u !ology1 !y 7 ov]%ad[$ by ! gr[+ importance ( ! rabb9ical s*ools ( ,babylon & ,pale/9e4 ,moreov]1 ! rise ( ,hell5i/ic ,judaism & ! translation ( ! ,scriptures into ,greek introduc$ ano!r new & pot5t factor into ! developm5t ( ! ,jewi% religion4 ,( all ! v>i$ =ces t 7 at "w few or none t5d$ to assign any special au?ority to ,*ronicles1 nor has x left any v m>k$ traces on lat] lit]ature4 ,josephus inde$ uses x = 8 hi/ory1 b ! ,new ,te/am5t is "u v slight obligation to our au?or4 ,b ,*ronicles reveals to u ! position & t5d5cies ( ,jewi% ?\ght 9 ! int]val betwe5 ,ezra & ! ,maccabees4 ,! ,messiah 0 expect$ to r5ew ! anci5t glories ( ! *os5 p1 8to re/ore ! k+dom to ,israel02 we le>n f ,*ronicles :at sort ( a k+dom ,he 0 to re/ore4 ,we see ! features ( ! anci5t mon>*y t 7 de> to ! memories ( ! ,jews1 ! *>act]s ( ! prophets1 prie/s1 & k+s :om !y delight$ to hon\r4 ,z _! ideas ( ! pa/ %ap$ & col\r$ _! hopes = ! future1 _! conception ( :at 0 noble/ & be/ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! mon>*y 0 at ! same "t ! measure ( :at !y expect$ 9 ! ,messiah4 ,h[ev] little influ5ce ,*ronicles may h ex]t$ z a piece ( lit]ature1 ! t5d5cies ( :i* x is a monum5t cont9u$ to leav5 ! ?\ght ( ,israel1 & are ev]y:]e manife/ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,we h to be> 9 m9d t ,messiah1 8,ano9t$10 0 ! famili> title ( ! ,israelite k+s2 its use = ! prie/s 0 late & second>y4 ,! use ( a royal title to d5ote ! future ,savi\r ( ! nation %[s u t ,he 0 prim>ily conceiv$ ( z an ideal k+2 & ap>t f any =mal enunciation ( ?is conception1 ! title itself w\ld ex]cise a controll+ influ5ce ^u ! developm5t ( ! ,messianic idea4 ,accord+ly 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t we f9d t ! ,jews 7 look+ = a k+2 & ,jesus calls ,8 new society ! ,k+dom ( ,heav54 ,b = ! *ronicl] ! ,messiah1 ! ,ano9t$ ( ,jehovah1 is no m]e secul> pr9ce4 ,we h se5 h[ ! *ronicl] t5ds to include religi\s duties & pr]ogatives among ! functions ( ! k+4 ,david & ,solomon & _! pi\s successors are supreme alike 9 ,*ur* & /ate z ! e>?ly repres5tatives ( ,jehovah4 ,! actual titles ( prie/ & prophet are n be/[$ ^u ! k+s1 b !y are virtually prie/s 9 _! c>e = & control ov] ! build+s & ritual ( ! ,temple1 & !y are prophets :51 l ,david & ,solomon1 !y hold direct fell[%ip ) ,jehovah & ann\nce ,8 w to ! p4 ,moreov]1 ,david1 z 8! ,psalmi/ ( ,israel10 _h become ! inspir$ int]pret] ( ! religi\s exp]i5ce ( ! ,jews4 ,! anci5t idea ( ! k+ z ! victori\s conqu]or 0 gradually giv+ place to a m spiritual conception ( 8 (fice2 ! ,messiah 0 becom+ m & m a def9itely religi\s p]sonage4 ,?us ,*ronicles prep>$ ! way = ! acceptance ( ,*ri/ z a spiritual ,deliv]]1 :o 0 n only ,k+1 b also ,prie/ & ,prophet4 ,9 fact1 we may claim ! *ronicl]'s own impli$ au?ority = includ+ 9 ! picture ( ! com+ ,k+ ! *>act]i/ics he ascribes to ! prie/ & ! prophet4 ,?us ! ,messiah ( ,*ronicles is di/9ctly m spiritual & less secul> ?an ! ,messiah ( popul> ,jewi% en?usiasm 9 our ,"l's own "t4 ,:]eas 9 ! *ronicl]'s "t ! t5d5cy 0 to spiritualise ! idea ( ! k+1 ! t5ure ( ! (fice ( high-prie/ by ! ,maccaban pr9ces t5d$ r to secul>ise ! prie/hood & to re/ore old] & crud] conceptions ( ! ,messianic ,k+4 ,let u see h[ ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ! h\se ( ,david illu/rates ! p]son & "w ( ! ,son ( ,david1 :o came to re/ore ! anci5t mon>*y 9 ! spiritual k+dom ( :i* x 0 ! symbol4 ,! ,gospels introduce our ,"l v mu* z ! *ronicl] introduces ,david3 !y give u ,8 g5ealogy1 & pass almo/ imm$iately to ,8 public m9i/ry4 ,( ,8 tra9+ & prep>ation = t m9i/ry1 ( ! *a9 ( e>?ly circum/ances t det]m9$ ! "t & me?od ( ,8 entry ^u ! c>e] ( a public ,tea*]1 !y tell u next to no?+4 ,we are only all[$ "o brief glimpse ( ! life ( ! holy ,*ild2 our att5tion is ma9ly direct$ to ! royal ,savi\r :5 ,he has ent]$ ^u ,8 k+dom2 & ,8 ,div9e nature f9ds expression 9 mature manhood1 :5 none ( ! limitations ( *ildhood detract f ! fulness ( ,8 r$eem+ s]vice & sacrifice4 ,! au?ority ( ,*ri/ re/s on ! same basis z t ( ! anci5t k+s3 x is at once human & ,div9e4 ,9 ,*ri/ inde$ ?is tw(old au?ority is 9 "o s5se peculi> to ,himself2 b 9 ! practical application ( ,8 au?ority to ! he>ts & consci5ces ( m5 ,he treads 9 ! foot/eps ( ,8 ance/ors4 ,8 k+dom re/s on ,8 own ,div9e commission & on ! cons5t ( ,8 subjects4 ,god has giv5 ,him ! "r to rule1 b ,he w n reign 9 any he>t till ,he receives its free submission4 ,& /ill1 z ( old1 ,*ri/1 ?us *os5 & well belov$ ( ,god & man1 is ,k+ ov] ! :ole life ( ,8 p1 & claims to rule ov] !m 9 _! homes1 _! bus9ess1 _! recreation1 _! social & political life1 z well z 9 _! public & private wor%ip4 ,if ,david & 8 pi\s successors 7 devot$ to ,jehovah & ,8 temple1 if !y protect$ _! p f =eign foes & wisely adm9i/]$ ! affairs ( ,israel1 ,*ri/ sets u ! example ( p]fect ob$i5ce to ! ,fa!r2 ,he gives u deliv]ance & victory 9 our w>f>e aga9/ pr9cipalities & p[]s1 aga9/ ! _w rul]s ( ?is d>kness1 & aga9/ ! spiritual ho/s ( wick$ness 9 heav5ly places2 ,he adm9i/]s 9 peace & hol9ess ! inn] k+dom ( ! believ+ he>t4 ,all t 0 =e%ad[$ bo? by ,david & ,solomon is realis$ 9 ,*ri/4 ,! w>like ,david is a symbol ( ! holy w>f>e ( ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur* militant1 ( ,him :o came n to s5d peace on e>?1 b a sword2 ,solomon is ! symbol ( ,*ri/1 ! ,pr9ce ( peace 9 ! ,*ur* triumphant4 ,! tranquillity & spl5d\r ( ! reign ( ! fir/ son ( ,david are types ( ! s]5e glory ( ,*ri/'s k+dom z x is p>tly realis$ 9 ! he>ts ( ,8 *ildr5 & z x w be fully realis$ 9 heav52 ! ,god-giv5 wisdom ( ,solomon prefigures ! p]fect k & und]/&+ ( ,him :o is ,himself ! ,^w & ,wisdom ( ,god4 ,! %ad[s t d>k5 ! hi/ory ( ! k+s ( ,judah & ev5 ! life ( ,david himself rem9d u t ! ,messiah mov$ ^u a f> high] moral & spiritual level ?an ! mon>*s ^: royal dignity 0 a type ( ,8 own4 ,l ,david1 ,he 0 expos$ to ! ma*9ations ( ,satan2 b1 unlike ,david1 ,he successfully resi/$ ! tempt]4 ,he 0 9 8all po9ts tempt$ l z we are1 yet )\t s940 ,! great prie/ly "w ( ,david & ,solomon 0 ! build+ ( ! ,temple & ! organisation ( its ritual & m9i/ry4 ,by ?is "w ! k+s made spl5did provision = fell[%ip betwe5 ,jehovah & ,8 p1 & = ! sy/em ( sacrifices1 :]eby a s9ful nation express$ _! p5it5ce & receiv$ ! assurance ( =giv5ess4 ,?is has be5 ! supreme "w ( ,*ri/3 ?r\gh ,him we h access to ,god2 we ent] into ! holy place1 into ! ,div9e pres5ce1 by a new & liv+ way1 t is to say ,8 fle%2 ,he has br\ght u into ! p]petual fell[%ip ( ! ,_s4 ,& :]eas ,solomon c\ld only build "o temple1 to :i* ! believ] paid occasional visits & obta9$ ! s5se ( ,div9e fell[%ip ?r\gh ! m9i/ry ( ! prie/s1 ,*ri/ makes e fai?ful he>t ! temple ( sacr$ s]vice1 & ,he has (f]$ = u ! "o sacrifice1 & provides a univ]sal atonem5t4 ,9 ,8 prie/hood1 z 9 ,8 sacrifice1 ,he repres5ts u be=e ,god1 & ?is repres5tation is n m]ely te*nical & symbolic3 9 ,him we f9d ourselves br\ght ne> to ,god1 & our desires & aspirations are pres5t$ z petitions at ! ?rone ( ! heav5ly grace4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ,8 love & righte\sness ,he repres5ts ,god to u1 & br+s ! assurance ( our acceptance4 ,o!r m9or features ( ! (fice & rights ( ! prie/s & ,levites f9d a p>allel 9 ,*ri/4 ,he also is our ,tea*] & our ,judge2 to ,him & to ,8 s]vice all worldly weal? may be consecrat$4 ,*ri/ is 9 all ?+s ! spiritual ,heir ( ! h\se ( ,a>on z well z ( ! h\se ( ,david2 because ,he is a ,prie/ = ev] aft] ! ord] ( ,mel*iz$ek1 ,he1 l ,mel*iz$ek1 is also ,k+ ( ,salem2 ( ,8 k+dom & ( ,8 prie/hood !re %all be no end4 ,b :ile ,*ri/ is to ! ,k+dom ( ,heav5 :at ,david 0 to ! ,israelite mon>*y1 :ile 9 ! diff]5t aspects ( ,8 "w ,he is at once ,temple1 ,prie/1 & ,sacrifice1 yet 9 ! m9i/ry ( ,8 e>?ly life ,he is above all a ,prophet1 ! supreme successor ( ,elijah & ,isaiah4 ,x 0 only 9 a figure t ,he sat ^u ,david's ?rone2 x =m$ no "p ( ,8 plan to ex]cise e>?ly dom9ion3 ,8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w4 ,he did n belong to ! prie/ly tribe1 & p]=m$ none ( ! ext]nal acts ( prie/ly ritual2 ,he did n base ,8 au?ority ^u any g5ealogy ) reg>d to prie/hood1 z ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews says1 8,x is evid5t t our ,"l ha? sprung out ( ,judah1 z to :i* tribe ,moses spake no?+ conc]n+ prie/s407#cbe7 ,8 royal bir? _h its symbolic value1 b ,he nev] ask$ m5 to believe 9 ,him because ( ,8 human desc5t f ,david4 ,he reli$ z little on ! au?ority ( (fice z on t ( bir?4 ,(ficially ,he 0 nei!r scribe nor rabbi4 ,l ! prophets1 ,8 only au?ority 0 ,8 ,div9e commission & ! witness ( ! ,_s 9 ! he>ts ( ,8 he>]s4 ,! p recognis$ ,him z a prophet2 !y took ,him = ,elijah or "o ( ! prophets2 ,he spoke ( ,himself z a prophet3 8,n )\t hon\r1 save 9 8 own c\ntry40 ,we h se5 t1 :ile ! prie/s m9i/]$ to ! regul> & recurr+ ne$s ( ! p1 ! ,div9e guidance 9 special em]g5cies & ! ,div9e au?ority = new dep>tures 7 giv5 by ! prophets4 ,by a prophet ,jehovah br\ght ,israel out ( ,egypt17#cbf7 & ,*ri/ z a ,prophet l$ ,8 p out ( ! bondage ( ! ,law into ! lib]ty ( ! ,gospel4 ,by ,him ! ,div9e au?ority 0 giv5 = ! greate/ religi\s revolution t ! _w has ev] se54 ,& /ill ,he is ! ,prophet ( ! ,*ur*4 ,he does n m]ely provide = ! religi\s wants t are common to e race & to e g5]ation3 z ! circum/ances ( ,8 ,*ur* alt>1 & ! believ] is confront$ ) fre% difficulties & call$ ^u to und]take new tasks1 ,*ri/ reveals to ,8 p ! purpose & c\nsel ( ,god4 ,ev5 ! record ( ,8 e>?ly tea*+ is con/antly f\nd to h anticipat$ ! ne$s ( our own "t2 ,8 ,_s enables u to discov] fre% applications ( ! tru?s ,he taught3 & ?r\gh ,him special light is s\ght & grant$ = ! guidance ( individuals & ( ! ,*ur* 9 _! ne$4 ,b 9 ,*ronicles special /ress is laid on ! d>k] aspects ( ! "w ( ! prophets4 ,!y con/antly appe> to adm9i/] rebukes & ann\nce com+ puni%m5t4 ,bo? ,*ri/ & ,8 apo/les 7 compell$ to assume ! same attitude t[>ds ,israel4 ,l ,j]emiah1 _! he>ts sank "u ! burd5 ( s /]n a duty4 ,*ri/ d5\nc$ ! ,ph>isees1 & wept ov] ! city t knew n ! ?+s belong+ to its peace2 ,he decl>$ ! imp5d+ ru9 ( ! ,temple & ! ,holy ,city4 ,ev5 s ,8 ,_s /ill rebukes s91 & w>ns ! imp5it5t ( inevitable puni%m5t4 ,we h se5 also 9 ,*ronicles t no /ress 0 laid on any mat]ial rew>ds = ! prophets1 & t _! fidelity 0 sometimes recomp5s$ ) p]secution & dea?4 ,l ,*ri/ ,himself1 !y _h no?+ to d ) prie/ly weal? & spl5d\r4 ,! sil5ce ( ! *ronicl] to ! income ( ^! prophets makes !m fitt+ types ( ,him :o _h n :]e to lay ,8 head4 ,a discussion ( ! income ( ,*ri/ w\ld almo/ sav\r ( blasphemy2 we %\ld %r9k f inquir+ h[ f> 8^? :o d]iv$ spiritual pr(it f ,8 tea*+ gave ,him sub/antial pro(s ( _! appreciation ( ,8 m9i/ry40 ,*ri/'s recomp5se at ! h&s ( ! _w & ( ! ,jewi% ,*ur* 0 t :i* =m] prophets _h receiv$4 ,l ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada1 ,he 0 p]secut$ & sla92 ,he deliv]$ a prophet's message1 & di$ a prophet's dea?4 ,b1 besides ! *ronicl]'s treatm5t ( ! (fices ( prophet1 prie/1 & k+1 !re 0 ano!r feature ( 8 tea*+ :i* w\ld prep>e ! way = a cle> compreh5sion ( ! p]son & "w ( ,*ri/4 ,we h notic$ h[ ! gr[+ s5se ( ! p[] & maje/y ( ,jehovah seem$ to set ,him at a di/ance f man1 & h[ ! ,jews welcom$ ! idea ( ! m$iation ( an angelic m9i/ry4 ,& yet ! angels 7 too vague & unfamili>1 too little kn[n1 & too imp]fectly und]/ood to satisfy m5's long+ = "s means ( fell[%ip betwe5 !mselves & ! remote maje/y ( an almighty ,god2 :ile /ill _! m9i/ry s]v$ to ma9ta9 fai? 9 ! possibility ( m$iation1 & to quick5 ! ye>n+ aft] "s bett] way ( access to ,jehovah4 ,:5 ,*ri/ came ,he f\nd ?is fai? & ye>n+ wait+ to be satisfi$2 !y op5$ a door ?r\gh :i* ,*ri/ f\nd ,8 way into he>ts prep>$ to receive ,him4 ,9 ,him ! famili> human figures ( prie/ & prophet 7 exalt$ into ! sup]natural dignity ( ! ,angel ( ,jehovah4 ,m5 _h long /ra9$ _! eyes 9 va9 to a f>-(f heav52 &1 behold1 a human voice recall$ _! gaze to ! e>?2 & !y turn$ & f\nd ,god beside !m1 k9dly & accessible1 a ,man ) m54 ,!y realis$ ! promise t a mod]n poet puts into ,david's m\?3-- 8444 ,o ,saul1 x %all be ,a face l my face t receives !e2 a ,man l to me ,?\ %alt love & be lov$ by = ev]2 a ,h& l ?is h& ,%all ?r[ op5 ! gates ( new life to !e6 ,see ! ,*ri/ /&60 ,we h ?us se5 h[ ! figures ( ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory--prophet1 prie/1 k+1 & angel--7 types & =e%ad[+s ( ,*ri/4 ,we may sum up ?is aspect ( 8 tea*+ by a quotation f a mod]n expon5t ( ,old ,te/am5t !ology3-- 8,moses ! prophet is ! fir/ type ( ! ,m$iator4 ,by 8 side /&s ,a>on ! prie/1 :o connects ! p ) ,god1 & consecrates x4444 ,b f ! "t ( ,david bo? ^! figures pale 9 ! imag9ation ( ! p be=e ! picture ( ! ,davidic k+4 ,8 is ! figure :i* appe>s ! mo/ indisp5sable condition ( all true happ9ess = ,israel4 ,david is ! ?ird & by f> ! mo/ p]fect type ( ! ,consummator407#cbg7 ,?is recurr5ce to ! k+ z ! mo/ p]fect type ( ! ,r$eem] sugge/s a la/ application ( ! ,messianic tea*+ ( ! *ronicl]4 ,9 discuss+ 8 pictures ( ! k+s1 we h v5tur$ to give !m a mean+ adapt$ to mod]n political life4 ,9 ,israel ! k+ /ood = ! /ate4 ,:5 a community comb9$ = common action to erect a temple or repel an invad]1 ! unit$ =ce 0 controll$ & direct$ by ! k+2 he 0 ! symbol ( national union & co-op]ation4 ,to-day1 :5 a community acts z a :ole1 its ag5t & in/rum5t is ! civil gov]nm5t2 ! /ate is ! p organis$ = ! common good1 subord9at+ individual ends to ! welf>e ( ! :ole nation4 ,:]e ! ,old ,te/am5t has 8k+10 its mod]n equival5t may read ! /ate or ! civil gov]nm5t1--nay1 ev5 = special purposes ! municipality1 ! c\nty c\ncil1 or ! s*ool bo>d4 ,%all we obta9 any helpful or ev5 intelligible result if we apply ?is me?od ( translation to ! doctr9e ( ! ,messiah8 ,ext]nally at any rate ! translation be>s a />tl+ lik5ess to :at has be5 reg>d$ z a specially mod]n developm5t4 8,israel look$ = salvation f ! k+10 w\ld read1 8,mod]n society %\ld seek salvation f ! /ate40 ,assur$ly !re are _m prophets :o h tak5 up ?is burd5 )\t any idea t _! new h]esy 0 only a reproduction ( old & =gott5 or?odoxy4 ,b ! hi/ory ( ! gr[? ( ! ,messianic idea supplies a correction to ! primitive baldness ( ?is pr9ciple ( salvation by ! /ate4 ,9 "t ! picture ( ! ,messianic k+ came to include ! attributes ( ! prophet & ! prie/4 ,if we c>e to complete our mod]n application1 we mu/ affirm t ! /ate c nev] be a savi\r till x becomes s5sitive to ,div9e influ5ces & consci\s ( a ,div9e pres5ce4 ,:5 we see h[ ! ,messianic hope ( ,israel 0 purifi$ & ennobl$ to receive a fulfilm5t glori\s beyond its wilde/ dreams1 we are enc\rag$ to believe t ! fanta/ic visions ( ! ,sociali/ may be div9ely guid$ to "s reasonable ideal & may prep>e ! way = "s fur!r manife/ation ( ! grace ( ,god4 ,b ! ,messianic /ate1 l ! ,messiah1 may be call$ ^u to suff] & die = ! salvation ( ! _w1 t x may receive a bett] resurrection4 ,,book ,,iv4 ,,! ,,int]pretation ,,( ,,hi/ory4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,! ,la/ ,pray] ,( ,david4 #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #aj-ai4 ,9 ord] to d ju/ice to ! *ronicl]'s me?od ( pres5t+ u ) a numb] ( v simil> illu/rations ( ! same pr9ciple1 we h 9 ! previ\s book gr\p$ mu* ( 8 mat]ial "u a few lead+ subjects4 ,!re rema9s ! g5]al ?read ( ! hi/ory1 :i* is1 ( c\rse1 v mu* ! same 9 ,*ronicles z 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 & ne$ n be dwelt on at any l5g?4 ,at ! same "t "s brief survey is necess>y = ! sake ( complet5ess & 9 ord] to br+ out ! diff]5t complexion giv5 to ! hi/ory by ! *ronicl]'s alt]ations & omissions4 ,moreov]1 !re are a numb] ( m9or po9ts t are mo/ conv5i5tly dealt ) 9 ! c\rse ( a runn+ exposition4 ,! special importance atta*$ by ! *ronicl] to ,david & ,solomon has enabl$ u to treat _! reigns at l5g? 9 discuss+ 8 picture ( ! ideal k+2 & simil>ly ! reign ( ,ahaz has s]v$ z an illu/ration ( ! "* & =tunes ( ! wick$ k+s4 ,we !re=e take up ! hi/ory at ! accession ( ,rehoboam1 & %all simply indicate v briefly ! connection ( ! reign ( ,ahaz ) :at prec$es & foll[s4 ,b be=e pass+ on to ,rehoboam we mu/ consid] 8,! ,la/ ,pray] ( ,david10 a devotional p>agraph peculi> to ,*ronicles4 ,! detail$ exposition ( ?is passage w\ld h be5 out ( proportion 9 a brief sket* ( ! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ! "* & reign ( ,david1 & w\ld h _h no special be>+ on ! subject ( ! ideal k+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! 8,pray]0 /ates "s ( ! lead+ pr9ciples :i* gov]n ! *ronicl] 9 8 int]pretation ( ! hi/ory ( ,israel2 & its exposition =ms a suitable introduction to ! pres5t division ( our subject4 ,! occasion ( ?is pray] 0 ! great clos+ sc5e ( ,david's life1 :i* we h already describ$4 ,! pray] is a ?anksgiv+ = ! assurance ,david _h receiv$ t ! accompli%m5t ( ! great purpose ( 8 life1 ! erection ( a temple to ,jehovah1 0 virtually secur$4 ,he _h be5 p]mitt$ to collect ! mat]ials = ! build+1 he _h receiv$ ! plans ( ! ,temple f ,jehovah1 & _h plac$ !m 9 ! will+ h&s ( 8 successor4 ,! pr9ces & ! p _h caught 8 own en?usiasm & lavi%ly supplem5t$ ! b\ntiful provision already made = ! future "w4 ,solomon _h be5 accept$ z k+ by popul> acclamation4 ,e possible prep>ation _h be5 made t c\ld be made1 & ! ag$ k+ p\r$ out 8 he>t 9 praise to ,god = ,8 grace & fav\r4 ,! pray] falls naturally into f\r subdivisions3 vv4 #aj-ac are a k9d ( doxology 9 hon\r ( ,jehovah2 9 vv4 #ad-af ,david ackn[l$ges t ,israel is entirely dep5d5t ^u ,jehovah = ! means ( r5d]+ ,him acceptable s]vice2 9 v]4 #ag he claims t he & 8 p h (f]$ will+ly unto ,jehovah2 & 9 vv4 #ah & #ai he prays t ,solomon & ! p may build ! ,temple & abide 9 ! ,law4 ,9 ! doxology ,god is address$ z 8,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 our ,fa!r10 & simil>ly 9 v]4 #ah z 8,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,abraham1 ( ,isaac1 & ( ,israel40 ,= ! *ronicl] ! accession ( ,david is ! />t+-po9t ( ,israelite hi/ory & religion1 b "h1 z 9 ! g5ealogies1 he l9ks 8 n>rative to t ( ! ,p5tateu*1 & rem9ds 8 read]s t ! cr[n+ disp5sation ( ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah 9 ! ,temple re/$ on ! e>li] revelations to ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,israel4 ,we are at once /ruck by ! div]g5ce f ! usual =mula3 8,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob40 ,moreov]1 :5 ,god is ref]r$ to z ! ,god ( ! ,patri>* p]sonally1 ! usual phrase is 8! ,god ( ,jacob40 ,! =mula1 8,god ( ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,israel10 occurs aga9 9 ,*ronicles 9 ! acc\nt ( ,hezekiah's re=mation2 x only occurs else:]e 9 ! hi/ory ( ,elijah 9 ! book ( ,k+s47#cbh7 ,! *ronicl] avoids ! use ( ! "n 8,jacob10 & = ! mo/ "p calls ! ,patri>* 8,israel40 8,jacob0 only occurs 9 two poetic quotations1 :]e its omission 0 almo/ impossible1 because 9 ea* case 8,israel0 is us$ 9 ! p>allel clause47#cbi7 ,?is *oice ( names is an application ( ! same pr9ciple t l$ to ! omission ( ! discr$itable incid5ts 9 ! hi/ory ( ,david & ,solomon4 ,jacob 0 ! supplant]4 ,! "n sugge/$ ! unbro!rly craft ( ! ,patri>*4 ,x 0 n desirable t ! ,jews %\ld be enc\rag$ to ?9k ( ,jehovah z ! ,god ( a grasp+ & deceitful man4 ,jehovah 0 ! ,god ( ! ,patri>*'s nobl] nature & high] life1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 :o /rove ) ,god & prevail$4 ,9 ! doxology t foll[s ! res\rces ( language are almo/ exhau/$ 9 ! attempt to set =? adequately 8! greatness1 & ! p[]1 & ! glory1 & ! victory1 & ! maje/y1 444 ! ri*es & hon\r1 444 ! p[] & might10 ( ,jehovah4 ,^! v]ses read l an expansion ( ! simple ,*ri/ian doxology1 8,?9e is ! k+dom1 ! p[]1 & ! glory10 b 9 all probability ! latt] is an abbreviation f our text4 ,9 bo? !re is ! same recognition ( ! rul+ omnipot5ce ( ,god2 b ! *ronicl]1 hav+ 9 m9d ! glory & p[] ( ,david & 8 magnific5t (f]+s = ! build+ ( ! ,temple1 is specially c>eful to intimate t ,jehovah is ! s\rce ( all worldly greatness3 8,bo? ri*es & hon\r come ( ,!e1 444 & 9 ,?y h& x is to make great & to give /r5g? unto all40 ,! complem5t>y tru?1 ! entire dep5d5ce ( ,israel on ,jehovah1 is dealt ) 9 ! next v]ses4 ,david has le>nt humility f ! tragic consequ5ces ( 8 fatal c5sus2 8 he>t is no long] uplift$ ) pride at ! weal? & glory ( 8 k+dom2 he claims no cr$it = ! spontane\s impulse ( g5]osity t prompt$ 8 munific5ce4 ,ev]y?+ is trac$ back to ,jehovah3 8,all ?+s come ( ,!e1 & ( ,?9e own h we giv5 ,!e40 ,be=e1 :5 ,david contemplat$ ! va/ population ( ,israel & ! great array ( 8 w>riors1 ! s5se ( ,god's displeasure fell ^u him2 n[1 :5 ! ri*es & hon\r ( 8 k+dom 7 display$ be=e him1 he may h felt ! *a/5+ influ5ce ( 8 =m] exp]i5ce4 ,a t\* ( melan*oly d>k5$ 8 _s = a mom5t2 /&+ ^u ! br9k ( ! dim1 my/]i\s ,%eol1 he f\nd small com=t 9 b>b>ic abundance ( timb] & /one1 jewels1 tal5ts1 & d>ics2 he saw ! empt9ess ( all e>?ly spl5d\r4 ,l ,abraham be=e ! *ildr5 ( ,he?1 he /ood be=e ,jehovah a /rang] & a soj\rn]47#ccj7 ,bildad ! ,%uhite _h urg$ ,job to submit himself to ! tea*+ ( a v5]able or?odoxy1 because 8we are ( ye/]day & "k no?+1 because our days ^u e>? are a %ad[407#cca7 ,! same ?\ght made ,david feel 8 insignificance1 9 spite ( 8 weal? & royal dom9ion3 8,our days on ! e>? are z a %ad[1 & !re no abid+40 ,he turns f ^! sombre ?\ghts to ! consol+ reflection t 9 all 8 prep>ations he has be5 ! in/rum5t ( a ,div9e purpose1 & has s]v$ ,jehovah will+ly4 ,to-day he c approa* ,god ) a cle> consci5ce3 8,i "k also1 my ,god1 t ,?\ trie/ ! he>t & ha/ pleasure 9 uprightness4 ,z = me1 9 ! uprightness ( my he>t ,i h will+ly (f]$ all ^! ?+s40 ,he rejoic$1 moreov]1 t ! p _h (f]$ will+ly4 ,! *ronicl] anticipates ! tea*+ ( ,/4 ,paul t 8! ,"l love? a *e]ful giv]40 ,david gives ( 8 abundance 9 ! same _s 9 :i* ! wid[ gave h] mite4 ,! two n>ratives are mutually supplem5t>y4 ,x is possible to apply ! /ory ( ! wid['s mite s z to sugge/ t ,god values our (f]+s 9 inv]se proportion to _! am\nt4 ,we are rem9d$ by ! will+ munific5ce ( ,david t ! ri* may give ( 8 abundance z simply & humbly & z acceptably z ! poor man gives ( 8 pov]ty4 ,b h[ev] grateful ,david might be = ! pi\s & g5]\s _s by :i* 8 p 7 n[ possess$1 he did n =get t !y c\ld only abide 9 t _s by ! cont9u$ enjoym5t ( ,div9e help & grace4 ,8 ?anksgiv+ concludes ) pray]4 ,spiritual depression is apt to foll[ v spe$ily 9 ! tra9 ( spiritual exaltation2 days ( joy & light are grant$ to u t we may make provision = future necessity4 ,david does n m]ely ask t ,israel may be kept 9 ext]nal ob$i5ce & devotion3 8 pray] goes deep]4 ,he kn[s t out ( ! he>t are ! issues ( life1 & he prays t ! he>t ( ,solomon & ! ?\ghts ( ! he>t ( ! p may be kept "r ) ,god4 ,unless ! f\nta9 ( life 7 pure1 x w\ld be useless to cleanse ! /ream4 ,david's special desire is t ! ,temple may be built1 b ?is desire is only ! expression ( 8 loyalty to ! ,law4 ,)\t ! ,temple ! comm&m5ts1 & te/imonies1 & /atutes ( ! ,law c\ld n be rightly obs]v$4 ,b he does n ask t ! p may be con/ra9$ to build ! ,temple & keep+ ! ,law 9 ord] t _! he>ts may be made p]fect2 _! he>ts are to be made p]fect t !y may keep ! ,law4 ,h5ce=w>d ?r\gh\t 8 hi/ory ! *ronicl]'s crit]ion ( a p]fect he>t1 a righte\s life1 9 k+ & p1 is _! attitude t[>ds ! ,law & ! ,temple4 ,because _! ord9ances & wor%ip =m$ ! accept$ /&>d ( religion & morality1 ?r\gh :i* m5's goodness w\ld naturally express !mselves4 ,simil>ly only "u a supreme s5se ( duty to ,god & man may ! ,*ri/ian will+ly violate ! e/abli%$ canons ( religi\s & social life4 ,we may conclude by notic+ a curi\s feature 9 ! word+ ( ,david's pray]4 ,9 ! n9ete5?1 z 9 ! fir/1 v]se ( ?is *apt] ! ,temple1 accord+ to our ,engli% v]sions1 is ref]r$ to z 8! palace40 ,! orig9al ^w br is probably ,p]sian1 ?\gh a p>allel =m is quot$ f ! ,assyrian4 ,z a ,hebrew ^w x belongs to ! late/ & mo/ corrupt /age ( ! language z f\nd 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 & only occurs 9 ,*ronicles1 ,nehemiah1 ,e/h]1 & ,daniel4 ,9 putt+ ?is ^w into ! m\? ( ,david1 ! *ronicl] is guilty ( an ana*ronism1 p>allel to 8 use ( ! ^w 8d>ics40 ,! ^w br appe>s to h fir/ become famili> to ! ,jews z ! "n ( a ,p]sian palace or =tress 9 ,susa2 x is us$ 9 ,nehemiah ( ! ca/le atta*$ to ! ,temple1 & 9 lat] times ! d]ivative ,greek "n ,b>is _h ! same mean+4 ,x is curi\s to f9d ! *ronicl]1 9 8 ef=t to f9d a suffici5tly dignifi$ title = ! temple ( ,jehovah1 driv5 to borr[ a ^w :i* belong$ orig9ally to ! royal magnific5ce ( a hea!n empire1 & :i* 0 us$ lat] on to d5ote ! =tress :5ce a ,roman g>rison controll$ ! fanaticism ( ,jewi% wor%ip47#ccb7 ,! *ronicl]'s int5tion1 no d\bt1 0 to intimate t ! dignity ( ! ,temple surpass$ t ( any royal palace4 ,he c\ld n suppose t x 0 great] 9 ext5t or con/ruct$ ( m co/ly mat]ials2 ! liv+ pres5ce ( ,jehovah 0 its "o supreme & unique di/9ction4 ,! ,k+ gave hon\r to ,8 dwell+-place4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,rehoboam ,& ,abijah3 ,! ,importance ,( ,ritual4 #b ,*ron4 x4-xiii4 ,! transition f ,solomon to ,rehoboam br+s to light a s]i\s drawback ( ! *ronicl]'s pr9ciple ( selection4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ,solomon we read ( no?+ b weal?1 spl5d\r1 un*all5g$ dom9ion1 & sup]human wisdom2 & yet ! brea? is h>dly out ( ! body ( ! wise/ & greate/ k+ ( ,israel be=e 8 empire falls to pieces4 ,we are told1 z 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 t ! p met ,rehoboam ) a dem& = release f 8! griev\s s]vice ( ?y fa!r10 & yet we 7 expressly told only two *apt]s be=e t 8( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel did ,solomon make no s]vants = 8 "w2 b !y 7 m5 ( w>1 & *ief ( 8 capta9s1 & rul]s ( 8 *>iots & ( 8 horsem5407#ccc7 ,rehoboam app>5tly _h be5 left by ! wisdom ( 8 fa!r to ! companion%ip ( head-/rong & fea!rbra9$ y\?s2 he foll[$ _! advice r ?an t ( ,solomon's grey-head$ c\nsellors1 ) ! result t ! t5 tribes successfully revolt$ & *ose ,j]oboam = _! k+4 ,rehoboam assembl$ an army to reconqu] 8 lo/ t]ritory1 b ,jehovah ?r\gh ! prophet ,%emaiah =bade him to make w> aga9/ ,j]oboam4 ,! *ronicl] "h & else:]e %[s 8 anxiety n to p]plex simple m9ds ) unnecess>y difficulties4 ,!y might be h>ass$ & di/urb$ by ! discov]y t ! k+1 :o built ! ,temple & 0 specially end[$ ) ,div9e wisdom1 _h fall5 into griev\s s9 & be5 visit$ ) condign puni%m5t4 ,accord+ly ev]y?+ t discr$its ,solomon & detracts f 8 glory is omitt$4 ,! g5]al pr9ciple is s\nd2 an e>ne/ tea*]1 alive to 8 responsibility1 w n wantonly obtrude difficulties ^u 8 he>]s2 :5 sil5ce does n involve disloyalty to tru?1 he w be will+ t !y %\ld rema9 9 ignorance ( "s ( ! m my/]i\s deal+s ( ,god 9 nature & hi/ory4 ,b sil5ce 0 m possible & less dang]\s 9 ! *ronicl]'s "t ?an 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,he c\ld c\nt ^u a docile & submissive _s 9 8 read]s2 !y w\ld n inquire beyond :at !y 7 told3 !y w\ld n discov] ! difficulties = !mselves4 ,jewi% y\?s 7 n expos$ to ! attacks ( eag] & militant sceptics1 :o w\ld =ce ^! difficulties ^u _! notice 9 an exagg]at$ =m1 & at once dem& t !y %\ld cease to believe 9 any?+ human or ,div9e4 ,& yet1 ?\gh ! *ronicl] _h great advantages 9 ?is matt]1 8 own n>rative illu/rates ! n>r[ limits )9 :i* ! pr9ciple ( ! suppression ( difficulties c be safely appli$4 ,8 sil5ce z to ,solomon's s9s & mis=tunes makes ! revolt ( ! t5 tribes utt]ly inexplicable4 ,aft] ! acc\nt ( ! p]fect wisdom1 peace1 & prosp]ity ( ,solomon's reign1 ! revolt comes ^u an intellig5t read] ) a %ock ( surprise & almo/ ( incr$ulity4 ,if he c\ld n te/ ! *ronicl]'s n>rative by t ( ! book ( ,k+s--& x 0 no "p ( ! *ronicl]'s purpose t 8 hi/ory %\ld be ?us te/$--! viol5t transition f ,solomon's unbrok5 prosp]ity to ! cata/rophe ( ! disruption w\ld leave ! read] q unc]ta9 z to ! g5]al cr$ibility ( ,*ronicles4 ,9 avoid+ ,scylla1 our au?or has fall5 into ,*>ybdis2 he has suppress$ "o set ( difficulties only to create o!rs4 ,if we wi% to help intellig5t inquir]s & to aid !m to =m an indep5d5t judgm5t1 our safe/ plan w (t5 be to tell !m all we "k ourselves & to believe t difficulties1 :i* 9 no way m> our spiritual life1 w n de/roy _! fai?4 ,9 ! next section7#ccd7 ! *ronicl] tells h[ = ?ree ye>s ,rehoboam adm9i/]$ 8 dim9i%$ k+dom ) wisdom & success2 he & 8 p walk$ 9 ! way ( ,david & ,solomon1 & 8 k+dom 0 e/abli%$1 & he 0 /rong4 ,he =tifi$ fifte5 cities 9 ,judah & ,b5jam91 & put capta9s 9 !m1 & /ore ( victuals1 & oil & w9e1 & %ields & spe>s1 & made !m exce$+ /rong4 ,rehoboam 0 fur!r /r5g!n$ by des]t]s f ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,?\gh ! ,p5tateu* & ! book ( ,jo%ua assign$ to ! prie/s & ,levites cities 9 ! t]ritory held by ,j]oboam1 yet _! intimate association ) ! ,temple r5d]$ x impossible = !m to rema9 citiz5s ( a /ate ho/ile to ,j]usalem4 ,! *ronicl] inde$ tells u t 8,j]oboam & 8 sons ca/ !m (f1 t !y %\ld n execute ! prie/'s (fice unto ,jehovah1 & appo9t$ o!rs to be prie/s = ! high places & ! he-goats & = ! calves :i* he _h40 ,x is difficult to und]/& :at ! *ronicl] means by ?is /atem5t4 ,on ! face ( x1 we %\ld suppose t ,j]oboam refus$ to employ ! h\se ( ,a>on & ! tribe ( ,levi = ! wor%ip ( 8 he-goats & calves1 b ! *ronicl] c\ld n describe su* action z ca/+ 8!m (f t !y %\ld n execute ! prie/'s (fice unto ,jehovah40 ,! passage has be5 expla9$ to mean t ,j]oboam s\ght to h9d] !m f ex]cis+ _! functions at ! ,temple by prev5t+ !m f visit+ ,judah2 b to conf9e ! prie/s & ,levites to 8 own k+dom w\ld h be5 a /range way ( ca/+ !m (f4 ,h[ev]1 :e!r driv5 out by ,j]oboam or escap+ f him1 !y came to ,j]usalem & br\ght ) !m f among ! t5 tribes o!r pi\s ,israelites1 :o 7 atta*$ to ! wor%ip ( ! ,temple4 ,judah & ,j]usalem became ! home ( all true wor%ipp]s ( ,jehovah2 & ^? :o rema9$ 9 ! nor!rn k+dom 7 giv5 up to idolatry or ! deg5]ate & corrupt wor%ip ( ! high places4 ,! *ronicl] !n gives u "s acc\nt ( ,rehoboam's h>em & *ildr51 & tells t he dealt wisely1 & disp]s$ 8 tw5ty-eight sons 8?r\gh\t all ! l&s ( ,judah & ,b5jam91 unto e f5c$ city40 ,he gave !m ! means ( ma9ta9+ a luxuri\s table1 & provid$ !m ) num]\s wives1 & tru/$ t1 be+ ?us happily circum/anc$1 !y w\ld lack leisure1 en]gy1 & ambition to imitate ,absalom & ,adonijah4 ,prosp]ity & security turn$ ! head ( ,rehoboam z !y _h done t ( ,david3 8,he =sook ! law ( ,jehovah1 & all ,israel ) him40 8,all ,israel0 means all ! subjects ( ,rehoboam2 ! *ronicl] treats ! t5 tribes z cut (f f ,israel4 ,! fai?ful wor%ipp]s ( ,jehovah 9 ,judah _h be5 re9=c$ by ! prie/s1 ,levites1 & all o!r pi\s ,israelites f ! nor!rn k+dom2 & yet 9 ?ree ye>s !y =sook ! cause = :i* !y _h left _! c\ntry & _! fa!rs h\se4 ,puni%m5t 0 n long delay$1 = ,%i%ak1 k+ ( ,egypt1 invad$ ,judah ) an imm5se ho/ & took away ! treasures ( ! h\se ( ,jehovah & ( ! k+'s h\se4 ,! *ronicl] expla9s :y ,rehoboam 0 n m sev]ely puni%$47#cce7 ,%i%ak appe>$ be=e ,j]usalem ) 8 imm5se ho/3 ,e?iopians1 ,lubim or ,lybians1 & ,sukiim1 a my/]i\s p only m5tion$ "h4 ,! ,,lxx4 & ,vulgate translate ,sukiim 8,troglodytes10 app>5tly id5tify+ !m ) ! cave-dwell]s on ! we/]n or ,e?iopian coa/ ( ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,9 ord] to f9d safety f ^! /range & b>b>\s enemies1 ,rehoboam & 8 pr9ces 7 ga!r$ toge!r 9 ,j]usalem4 ,%emaiah ! prophet appe>$ be=e !m1 & decl>$ t ! invasion 0 ,jehovah's puni%m5t = _! s91 :]eupon !y humbl$ !mselves1 & ,jehovah accept$ _! p5it5t submission4 ,he w\ld n de/roy ,j]usalem1 b ! ,jews %\ld s]ve ,%i%ak1 8t !y may "k ,my s]vice & ! s]vice ( ! k+doms ( ! c\ntries40 ,:5 !y ?rew (f ! yoke ( ,jehovah1 !y sold !mselves into a worse bondage4 ,!re is no fre$om to be ga9$ by repudiat+ ! re/ra9ts ( morality & religion4 ,if we d n *oose to be ! s]vants ( ob$i5ce unto righte\sness1 our only alt]native is to become ! slaves 8( s9 unto dea?40 ,! rep5tant s9n] may return to 8 true allegiance1 & yet he may /ill be all[$ to ta/e some?+ ( ! bitt]ness & humiliation ( ! bondage ( s94 ,8 ,%i%ak may be "s evil habit or prop5sity or special liability to temptation1 t is p]mitt$ to h>ass him )\t de/roy+ 8 spiritual life4 ,9 "t ! *a/5+ ( ! ,"l works out ! peaceable fruits ( righte\sness1 & ! ,*ri/ian is wean$ = ev] f ! unpr(itable s]vice ( s94 ,unhappily ! rep5tance inspir$ by tr\ble & di/ress is n always real & p]man5t4 ,_m w humble !mselves be=e ! ,"l 9 ord] to av]t imm95t ru91 & w =sake ,him :5 ! dang] has pass$ away4 ,app>5tly ,rehoboam soon fell away aga9 into s91 = ! f9al judgm5t ^u him is1 8,he did t :i* 0 evil1 because he set n 8 he>t to seek ,jehovah407#ccf7 ,david 9 8 la/ pray] _h ask$ = a 8p]fect he>t0 = ,solomon1 b he _h n be5 able to secure ?is bless+ = 8 gr&son1 & ,rehoboam 0 8! fooli%ness ( ! p1 "o t _h no und]/&+1 :o turn$ away ! p ?r\gh 8 c\nsel407#ccg7 ,rehoboam 0 succe$$ by 8 son ,abijah1 conc]n+ :om we are told 9 ! book ( ,k+s t 8he walk$ 9 all ! s9s ( 8 fa!r1 :i* he _h done be=e him2 & 8 he>t 0 n p]fect ) ,jehovah 8 ,god1 z ! he>t ( ,david 8 fa!r40 ,! *ronicl] omits ?is unfav\rable v]dict2 he does n inde$ classify ,abijah among ! good k+s by ! usual =mal /atem5t t 8he did t :i* 0 good & "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah10 b ,abijah deliv]s a hortatory spee* & by ,div9e assi/ance obta9s a great victory ov] ,j]oboam4 ,!re is n a sugge/ion ( any evil-do+ on ! "p ( ,abijah2 & yet we ga!r f ! hi/ory ( ,asa t 9 ,abijah's reign ! cities ( ,judah 7 giv5 up to idolatry1 ) all its p>aph]nalia ( 8/range alt>s1 high places1 ,a%]im1 & sun-images40 ,z 9 ! case ( ,solomon1 s "h1 ! *ronicl] has sacrific$ ev5 ! consi/5cy ( 8 own n>rative to 8 c>e = ! reputation ( ! h\se ( ,david4 ,h[ ! v]dict ( anci5t hi/ory ^u ,abijah came to be set aside we d n "k4 ,! *>itable "w ( :itewa%+ ! bad *>act]s ( hi/ory has always _h an attraction = ent]pris+ annali/s2 & ,abijah 0 a m promis+ subject ?an ,n]o1 ,tib]ius1 or ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,! *ronicl] w\ld rejoice to discov] "o m good k+ ( ,judah2 b yet :y %\ld ! record ( ,abijah's s9s be expung$1 :ile ,ahaziah & ,amon 7 /ill held up to ! execration ( po/]ity8 ,probably ! *ronicl] 0 anxi\s t no?+ %\ld m> ! effect ( 8 n>rative ( ,abijah's victory4 ,if 8 lat] s\rces _h record$ any?+ equally cr$itable ( ,ahaziah & ,amon1 he might h ignor$ ! judgm5t ( ! book ( ,k+s 9 _! case also4 ,! section7#cch7 to :i* ! *ronicl] atta*es s mu* importance describes a /rik+ episode 9 ! *ronic w>f>e betwe5 ,judah & ,israel4 ,"h ,israel is us$1 z 9 ! old] hi/ory1 to mean ! nor!rn k+dom1 & does n d5ote ! spiritual ,israel--i4e41 ,judah--z 9 ! previ\s *apt]4 ,?is p]plex+ v>iation 9 ! use ( ! t]m 8,israel0 %[s h[ f> ,*ronicles has dep>t$ f ! religi\s ideas ( ! book ( ,k+s1 & rem9ds u t ! *ronicl] has only p>tially & imp]fectly assimilat$ 8 old] mat]ial4 ,abijah & ,j]oboam _h ea* ga!r$ an imm5se army1 b ! army ( ,israel 0 twice z l>ge z t ( ,judah3 ,j]oboam _h eight hundr$ ?\s& to ,abijah's f\r hundr$ ?\s&4 ,j]oboam advanc$1 confid5t 9 8 ov]:elm+ sup]iority & happy 9 ! belief t ,provid5ce sides ) ! /ronge/ battalions4 ,abijah1 h[ev]1 0 no?+ dismay$ by ! odds aga9/ him2 8 confid5ce 0 9 ,jehovah4 ,! two armies met 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,m\nt ,zem>aim1 ^u :i* ,abijah fix$ 8 camp4 ,m\nt ,zem>aim 0 9 ! hill-c\ntry ( ,ephraim1 b its position _c be det]m9$ ) c]ta9ty2 x 0 probably ne> ! bord] ( ! two k+doms4 ,possibly x 0 ! site ( ! ,b5jamite city ( ! same "n m5tion$ 9 ! book ( ,jo%ua 9 close connection ) ,be!l47#cci7 ,if s1 we %\ld look = x 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,be!l1 a position :i* w\ld suit ! few indications ( place giv5 by ! n>rative4 ,be=e ! battle1 ,abijah made an ef=t to induce 8 enemies to dep>t 9 peace4 ,f ! vantage-gr\nd ( 8 m\nta9 camp he address$ ,j]oboam & 8 army z ,jo?am _h address$ ! m5 ( ,%e*em f ,m\nt ,g]izim47#cdj7 ,abijah rem9d$ ! rebels--= z su* he reg>d$ !m--t ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 _h giv5 ! k+dom ov] ,israel to ,david = ev]1 ev5 to him & to 8 sons1 by a cov5ant ( salt1 by a *>t] z solemn & unalt]able z t by :i* ! heave-(f]+s _h be5 giv5 to ! sons ( ,a>on47#cda7 ,! obligation ( an ,arab ho/ to ! gue/ :o _h sat at meat ) him & eat5 ( 8 salt 0 n m b9d+ ?an ! ,div9e decree :i* _h giv5 ! ?rone ( ,israel to ! h\se ( ,david4 ,& yet ,j]oboam ! son ( ,nebat _h d>$ to infr+e ! sacr$ rights ( ! elect dyna/y4 ,he1 ! slave ( ,solomon1 _h ris5 up & rebell$ aga9/ 8 ma/]4 ,! indignant pr9ce ( ! h\se ( ,david n unnaturally =gets t ! disruption 0 ,jehovah's own "w1 & t ,j]oboam rose up aga9/ 8 ma/]1 n at ! in/igation ( ,satan1 b by ! comm& ( ! prophet ,ahijah47#cdb7 ,! advocates ( sacr$ causes ev5 9 inspir$ mom5ts are apt to be "o-sid$ 9 _! /atem5ts ( fact4 ,:ile ,abijah is sev]e ^u ,j]oboam & 8 accomplices & calls !m 8va9 m51 sons ( ,belial10 he %[s a filial t5d]ness = ! memory ( ,rehoboam4 ,t un=tunate k+ _h be5 tak5 at a disadvantage1 :5 he 0 "y & t5d]-he>t$ & unable to deal /]nly ) rebels4 ,! t5d]ness :i* c\ld ?reat5 to *a/ise 8 p ) scorpions mu/ h be5 ( ! k9d-- 8,t d>$ to look on torture & c\ld n look on w>02 x only appe>s 9 ! hi/ory 9 ,rehoboam's headlong flight to ,j]usalem4 ,no "o1 h[ev]1 w c5sure ,abijah = tak+ an unduly fav\rable view ( 8 fa!r's "*4 ,b :atev] advantage ,j]oboam may h f\nd 9 8 fir/ revolt1 ,abijah w>ns him t n[ he ne$ n ?9k to )/& ! k+dom ( ,jehovah 9 ! h&s ( ! sons ( ,david4 ,he is no long] oppos$ to an unseason$ y\?1 b to m5 :o "k _! ov]:elm+ advantage4 ,j]oboam ne$ n ?9k to supplem5t & complete 8 =m] a*ievem5ts by add+ ,judah & ,b5jam9 to 8 k+dom4 ,aga9/ 8 sup]iority ( f\r hundr$ ?\s& soldi]s ,abijah c set a ,div9e alliance1 atte/$ by ! pres5ce ( prie/s & ,levites & ! regul> p]=mance ( ! p5tateu*al ritual1 :il/ ! ali5ation ( ,israel f ,jehovah is cle>ly %[n by ! irregul> ord]s ( _! prie/s4 ,b let ,abijah speak = himself3 8,ye be a great multitude1 & !re are ) y ! gold5 calves :i* ,j]oboam made y = gods40 ,possibly ,abijah 0 able to po9t to ,be!l1 :]e ! royal sanctu>y ( ! gold5 calf 0 visible to bo? armies3 8,h ye n driv5 out ! prie/s ( ,jehovah1 ! sons ( ,a>on & ! ,levites1 & made = y\rselves prie/s 9 hea!n fa%ion8 ,:5 any "o comes to consecrate himself ) a "y bullock & sev5 rams1 ye make him a prie/ ( !m t are no gods4 ,b z = u1 ,jehovah is our ,god1 & we h n =sak5 ,him2 & we h prie/s1 ! sons ( ,a>on1 m9i/]+ unto ,jehovah1 & ! ,levites1 do+ _! appo9t$ "w3 & !y burn unto ,jehovah morn+ & ev5+ burnt (f]+s & sweet inc5se3 ! %ewbread also !y set 9 ord] ^u ! table t is kept free f all uncleanness2 & we h ! c&le/ick ( gold1 ) its lamps1 to burn e ev5+2 = we obs]ve ! ord9ances ( ,jehovah our ,god2 b ye h =sak5 ,him4 ,&1 behold1 ,god is ) u at our head1 & ,8 prie/s1 ) ! trumpets ( al>m1 to s\nd an al>m aga9/ y4 ,o *ildr5 ( ,israel1 fight ye n aga9/ ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( y\r fa!rs2 = ye %all n prosp]40 ,?is spee*1 we are told1 8has be5 mu* admir$4 ,x 0 well suit$ to its object1 & exhibits correct notions ( ! !ocratical in/itutions40 ,b1 l mu* o!r admirable eloqu5ce1 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons & else:]e1 ,abijah's spee* _h no effect ^u ^? to :om x 0 address$4 ,j]oboam app>5tly utilis$ ! int]val to plant an ambu% 9 ! re> ( ! ,jewi% army4 ,abijah's spee* is unique4 ,!re h be5 o!r in/ances 9 :i* comm&]s h tri$ to make oratory take ! place ( arms1 &1 l ,abijah1 !y h mo/ly be5 unsuccessful2 b !y h usually appeal$ to l[] motives4 ,s5na*]ib's envoys tri$ ineffectually to s$uce ! g>rison ( ,j]usalem f _! allegiance to ,hezekiah1 b !y reli$ on ?reats ( de/ruction & promises ( 8a l& ( corn & w9e1 a l& ( bread & v9ey>ds1 a l& ( oil olive & honey40 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a p>allel in/ance ( m successful p]suasion4 ,:5 ,octavian 0 at w> ) 8 fell[-triumvir ,lepidus1 he made a d>+ attempt to w9 ov] 8 enemy's army4 ,he did n address !m f ! safe elevation ( a neighb\r+ m\nta91 b rode op5ly into ! ho/ile camp4 ,he appeal$ to ! soldi]s by motives z l(ty z ^? urg$ by ,abijah1 & call$ ^u !m to save _! c\ntry f civil w> by des]t+ ,lepidus4 ,at ! mom5t 8 appeal fail$1 & he only escap$ ) a w\nd 9 8 brea/2 b aft] a :ile 8 enemy's soldi]s came ov] to him 9 deta*m5ts1 & ev5tually ,lepidus 0 compell$ to surr5d] to 8 rival4 ,b ! des]t]s 7 n altoge!r influ5c$ by pure patriotism4 ,octavian _h c>efully prep>$ ! way = 8 dramatic appe>ance 9 ! camp ( ,lepidus1 & _h us$ gross] means ( p]suasion ?an argum5ts address$ to patriotic feel+4 ,ano!r in/ance ( a successful appeal to a ho/ile =ce is f\nd 9 ! hi/ory ( ! fir/ ,napoleon1 :5 he 0 m>*+ on ,p>is aft] 8 return f ,elba4 ,ne> ,gr5oble he 0 met by a body ( royal troops4 ,he at once advanc$ to ! front1 & expos+ 8 brea/1 exclaim$ to ! oppos+ ranks1 8,"h is y\r emp]or2 if any "o w\ld kill me1 let him fire40 ,! deta*m5t1 :i* _h be5 s5t to arre/ 8 progress1 at once des]t$ to _! old comm&]4 ,abijah's task 0 less hopeful3 ! soldi]s :om ,octavian & ,napoleon won ov] _h kn[n ^! g5]als z lawful comm&]s ( ,roman & ,fr5* armies respectively1 b ,abijah c\ld n appeal to any old associations 9 ! m9ds ( ,j]oboam's army2 ! ,israelites 7 animat$ by anci5t tribal jeal\sies1 & ,j]oboam 0 made ( /]n] /uff ?an ,lepidus or ,l\is ,,xviii4 ,abijah's appeal is a monum5t ( 8 humanity1 fai?1 & devotion2 & if x fail$ to influ5ce ! enemy1 d\btless s]v$ to inspirit 8 own army4 ,at fir/1 h[ev]1 ?+s w5t h>dly ) ,judah4 ,!y 7 outg5]all$ z well z outnumb]$2 ,j]oboam's ma9 body attack$ !m 9 front1 & ! ambu% assail$ _! re>4 ,l ! m5 ( ,ai1 8:5 ,judah look$ back1 behold1 ! battle 0 be=e & beh9d !m40 ,b ,jehovah1 :o f\ght aga9/ ,ai1 0 fight+ = ,judah1 & !y cri$ unto ,jehovah2 & !n1 z at ,j]i*o1 8! m5 ( ,judah gave a %\t1 & :5 !y %\t$1 ,god smote ,j]oboam & all ,israel be=e ,abijah & ,judah40 ,! r\t 0 complete1 & 0 accompani$ by t]rible slaught]4 ,no few] ?an five hundr$ ?\s& ,israelites 7 sla9 by ! m5 ( ,judah4 ,! latt] press$ _! advantage1 & took ! neighb\r+ city ( ,be!l & o!r ,israelite t[ns4 ,= ! "t ,israel 0 8br\ght "u10 & did n recov] f its trem5d\s losses dur+ ! ?ree ye>s ( ,abijah's reign4 ,z = ,j]oboam1 ,jehovah smote him1 & he di$2 b 8,abijah wax$ mighty1 & took unto himself f\rte5 wives1 & begat tw5ty-&-two sons & sixte5 daught]s407#cdc7 ,8 hi/ory closes ) ! record ( ^! pro(s ( ,div9e fav\r1 & he 8slept ) 8 fa!rs1 & !y buri$ him 9 ! city ( ,david1 & ,asa 8 son reign$ 9 8 /ead40 ,! lesson :i* ! *ronicl] int5ds to tea* by 8 n>rative is obvi\sly ! importance ( ritual1 n ! importance ( ritual ap>t f ! wor%ip ( ! true ,god2 he emphasises ! pres5ce ( ,jehovah ) ,judah1 9 contra/ to ! ,israelite wor%ip ( calves & ^? t are no gods4 ,! *ronicl] dwells ^u ! ma9t5ance ( ! legitimate prie/hood & ! prescrib$ ritual z ! natural expression & cle> pro( ( ! devotion ( ! m5 ( ,judah to _! ,god4 ,x may help u to realise ! significance ( ,abijah's spee*1 if we try to con/ruct an appeal 9 ! same _s = a ,ca?olic g5]al 9 ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w> address+ a ho/ile ,prote/ant army4 ,imag9e ,wall5/e9 or ,tilly1 mov$ by "s unwont$ _s ( pi\s oratory1 address+ ! soldi]s ( ,gu/avus ,adolphus3-- 8,we h a pope :o sits 9 ,pet]'s *air1 bi%ops & prie/s m9i/]+ unto ! ,"l1 9 ! true apo/olical succession4 ,! sacrifice ( ! ,mass is daily (f]$2 mat9s1 laud1 vesp]s1 & compl9e are all duly celebrat$2 our *ur*es are fragrant ) inc5se & glori\s ) /a9$ glass & images2 we h crucifixes1 & lamps1 & c&les2 & our prie/s are fitly clo!d 9 ecclesia/ical ve/m5ts2 = we obs]ve ! traditions ( ! ,*ur*1 b ye h =sak5 ! ,div9e ord]4 ,behold1 ,god is ) u at our head2 & we h bann]s bless$ by ! ,pope4 ,o ye ,sw$es1 ye fight aga9/ ,god2 ye %all n prosp]40 ,z ,prote/ants we may f9d x difficult to sympa?ise ) ! feel+s ( a dev\t ,romani/ or ev5 ) ^? ( a fai?ful obs]v] ( ! complicat$ ,mosaic ritual4 ,we c\ld n con/ruct s close a p>allel to ,abijah's spee* 9 t]ms ( any ,prote/ant ord] ( s]vice1 & yet ! objections :i* any mod]n d5om9ation feels to dep>tures f its own =ms ( wor%ip re/ on ! same pr9ciples z ^? ( ,abijah4 ,9 ! ab/ract ! spee* tea*es two ma9 lessons3 ! importance ( an (ficial & duly accr$it$ m9i/ry & ( a suitable & au?oritative ritual4 ,^! pr9ciples are p]fectly g5]al1 & are n conf9$ to :at is usually kn[n z sac]dotalism & ritualism4 ,e ,*ur* has 9 practice "s (ficial m9i/ry1 ev5 ^? ,*ur*es t pr(ess to owe _! sep>ate exi/5ce to ! necessity = prote/+ aga9/ an (ficial m9i/ry4 ,m5 ^: *ief occupation is to d5\nce prie/craft may !mselves be saturat$ ) ! sac]dotal _s4 ,e ,*ur*1 too1 has its ritual4 ,! sil5ce ( a ,fri5ds' meet+ is z mu* a rite z ! mo/ elaborate g5uflexion be=e a highly ornam5t$ alt>4 ,to reg>d ei!r ! abs5ce or pres5ce ( rites z ess5tial is equally rituali/ic4 ,! man :o leaves 8 wont$ place ( wor%ip because 8,am50 is sung at ! end ( a hymn is z bigot$ a rituali/ z 8 bro!r :o d>e n pass an alt> )\t cross+ himself4 ,let u !n consid] ! *ronicl]'s two pr9ciples 9 ?is broad s5se4 ,! (ficial m9i/ry ( ,israel consi/$ ( ! prie/s & ,levites1 & ! *ronicl] c\nt$ x a pro( ( ! piety ( ! ,jews t !y adh]$ to ?is m9i/ry & did n admit to ! prie/hood any "o :o c\ld br+ a "y bullock & sev5 rams4 ,! alt]native 0 n betwe5 a h]$it>y prie/hood & "o op5 to any aspirant ) special spiritual qualifications1 b betwe5 a duly tra9$ & qualifi$ m9i/ry on ! "o h& & a motley crew ( ! =]unn]s ( ,simon ,magus on ! o!r4 ,x is impossible n to sympa?ise ) ! *ronicl]4 ,to beg9 )1 ! prop]ty qualification 0 too l[4 ,if liv+s are to be pur*as$ at all1 !y %\ld be> a price comm5surate ) ! dignity & responsibility ( ! sacr$ (fice4 ,a m]e entrance fee1 s to speak1 ( a "y bullock & sev5 rams mu/ h flood$ ,j]oboam's prie/hood ) a ho/ ( adv5tur]s1 to :om ! assumption ( ! (fice 0 a matt] ( social or comm]cial speculation4 ,! private adv5ture sy/em ( provid+ = ! m9i/ry ( ! ^w sc>cely t5ds to ei!r ! dignity or ! effici5cy ( ! ,*ur*4 ,b1 9 any case1 x is n desirable t m]e worldly gifts1 money1 social position1 or ev5 intellect %\ld be made ! sole passports to ,*ri/ian s]vice2 ev5 ! traditions & education ( a h]$it>y prie/hood w\ld be m probable *annels ( spiritual qualifications4 ,ano!r po9t t ! *ronicl] objects to 9 ,j]oboam's prie/s is ! want ( any o!r ?an a prop]ty qualification4 ,any "o :o *ose c\ld be a prie/4 ,su* a sy/em comb9$ :at might seem opposite vices4 ,x pres]v$ an (ficial m9i/ry2 ^! self-appo9t$ prie/s =m$ a cl]ical ord]2 & yet x gave no gu>antee :atev] ( ei!r fitness or devotion4 ,! *ronicl]1 on ! o!r h&1 by ! importance he atta*es to ! ,levitical prie/hood1 recognises ! necessity ( an (ficial m9i/ry1 b is anxi\s t x %\ld be gu>d$ ) jeal\s c>e aga9/ ! intrusion ( unsuitable p]sons4 ,a conclusive argum5t = an (ficial m9i/ry is to be f\nd 9 its =mal adoption by mo/ ,*ur*es & its un9vit$ appe>ance 9 ! re/4 ,we %\ld n n[ be cont5t$ ) ! safegu>ds aga9/ unsuitable m9i/]s to be f\nd 9 h]$it>y succession2 ! sy/em ( ! ,p5tateu* w\ld be nei!r acceptable nor possible 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury3 & yet1 if x _h be5 p]fectly adm9i/]$1 ! ,jewi% prie/hood w\ld h be5 wor?y ( its high (fice1 nor 7 ! times ripe = ! sub/itution ( any bett] sy/em4 ,_m ( ! consid]ations :i* ju/ify h]$it>y succession 9 a con/itutional mon>*y might be adduc$ 9 def5ce ( a h]$it>y prie/hood4 ,ev5 n[1 )\t any pressure ( law or cu/om1 !re is a c]ta9 t5d5cy t[>ds h]$it>y succession 9 ! m9i/]ial (fice4 ,x w\ld be easy to "n di/+ui%$ m9i/]s :o 7 inspir$ = ! high call+ by _! fa!rs' devot$ s]vice1 & :o receiv$ an invaluable prep>ation = _! life-"w f ! ,*ri/ian en?usiasm ( a cl]ical h\sehold4 ,! cl]ical ance/ry ( ! ,wesleys is only "o among _m illu/rations ( an inh]it$ g5ius = ! m9i/ry4 ,b ?\gh ! be/ me?od ( obta9+ a suitable m9i/ry v>ies ) *ang+ circum/ances1 ! *ronicl]'s ma9 pr9ciple is ( p]man5t & univ]sal application4 ,! ,*ur* has always felt a j conc]n t ! (ficial repres5tatives ( its fai? & ord] %\ld comm5d !mselves to e man's consci5ce 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,! prophet ne$s nei!r te/imonials nor (ficial /atus3 ! ^w ( ! ,"l c h free c\rse )\t ei!r2 b ! appo9tm5t or election to ecclesia/ical (fice entru/s ! (ficial ) ! hon\r ( ! ,*ur* & 9 a measure ( its ,ma/]4 ,! *ronicl]'s o!r pr9ciple is ! importance ( a suitable & au?oritative ritual4 ,we h already notic$ t any ord] ( s]vice t is fix$ by ! con/itution or cu/om ( a ,*ur* involves ! pr9ciple ( ritual4 ,abijah's spee* does n insi/ t only ! e/abli%$ ritual %\ld be tol]at$2 su* que/ions _h n come )9 ! *ronicl]'s horizon4 ,! m]it ( ,judah lay 9 possess+ & practis+ a legitimate ritual1 t is to say 9 obs]v+ ! ,paul9e injunction to d all ?+s dec5tly & 9 ord]4 ,! pres5t g5]ation is n incl9$ to en=ce any v /r+5t ob$i5ce to ,paul's tea*+1 & f9ds x difficult to sympa?ise ) ,abijah's en?usiasm = ! symbolism ( wor%ip4 ,b m5 to-day are n radically diff]5t f ! *ronicl]'s contempor>ies1 & x is z legitimate to appeal to spiritual s5sibility ?r\gh ! eye z ?r\gh ! e>2 ar*itecture & decoration are nei!r m nor less spiritual ?an an attractive voice & impressive elocution4 ,novelty & v>iety h1 or %\ld h1 _! legitimate place 9 public wor%ip2 b ! ,*ur* has its obligations to ^? :o h m regul> spiritual wants4 ,mo/ ( u f9d mu* ( ! helpfulness ( public wor%ip 9 ! influ5ce ( old & famili> spiritual associations1 :i* c only be ma9ta9$ by a measure ( p]man5ce & fixity 9 ,div9e s]vice4 ,! symbolism ( ! ,"l's ,supp] nev] loses its fre%ness1 & yet x is re/ful because famili> & impressive because anci5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ma9t5ance ( ?is ritual is a con/ant te/imony to ! cont9uity ( ,*ri/ian life & fai?4 ,moreov]1 9 ?is rite ! great bulk ( ,*ri/5dom f9ds ! outw>d & visible sign ( its unity4 ,ritual1 too1 has its negative value4 ,by obs]v+ ! ,levitical ord9ances ! ,jews 7 protect$ f ! vag>ies ( any ambiti\s own] ( a "y bullock & sev5 rams4 ,:ile we grant lib]ty to all to use ! =m ( wor%ip 9 :i* !y f9d mo/ spiritual pr(it1 we ne$ to h ,*ur*es ^: ritual w be comp>atively fix$4 ,*ri/ians :o f9d !mselves mo/ help$ by ! m quiet & regul> me?ods ( devotion naturally look to a settl$ ord] ( s]vice to protect !m f undue & di/ract+ excitem5t4 ,9 spite ( ! wide int]val t sep>ates ! mod]n ,*ur* f ,judaism1 we c /ill disc]n a unity ( pr9ciple1 & are glad to confirm ! judgm5t ( ,*ri/ian exp]i5ce f ! lessons ( an old] & diff]5t disp5sation4 ,b we %\ld d inju/ice to ! *ronicl]'s tea*+ if we =got t = 8 own times 8 tea*+ 0 capable ( mu* m def9ite & =cible application4 ,*ri/ianity & ,islam h purifi$ religi\s wor%ip ?r\gh\t ,europe1 ,am]ica1 & a l>ge portion ( ,asia4 ,we are no long] tempt$ by ! cruel & loa?some rites ( hea!nism4 ,! ,jews knew ! wild extravagance1 gross immorality1 & ru?less cruelty ( ,phnician & ,syrian wor%ip4 ,if we _h liv$ 9 ! *ronicl]'s age & _h %>$ 8 exp]i5ce ( idolatr\s rites1 we %\ld h also %>$ 8 en?usiasm = ! pure & l(ty ritual ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,we %\ld h reg>d$ x z a ,div9e b>ri] betwe5 ,israel & ! abom9ations ( hea!nism1 & %\ld h be5 jeal\s = its /rict obs]vance4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,asa3 ,div9e ,retribution4 #b ,*ron4 xiv4-xvi4 ,abijah1 dy+1 z f> z we c ga!r f ,*ronicles1 9 ! od\r ( sanctity1 0 succe$$ by 8 son ,asa4 ,! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ,asa is mu* full] ?an t :i* is giv5 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! old] n>rative is us$ z a framework into :i* mat]ial f lat] s\rces is freely ins]t$4 ,! beg9n+ ( ! new reign 0 s+ul>ly promis+4 ,abijah _h be5 a v ,david1 he _h f\ght ! battles ( ,jehovah1 & _h assur$ ! security & indep5d5ce ( ,judah4 ,asa1 l ,solomon1 ent]$ into ! peaceful enjoym5t ( 8 pr$ecessor's ex]tions 9 ! field4 8,9 8 days ! l& 0 quiet t5 ye>s10 z 9 ! days :5 ! judges _h deliv]$ ,israel1 & he 0 able to exhort 8 p to prud5t ef=t by rem9d+ !m t ,jehovah _h giv5 !m re/ on e side47#cdd7 ,?is int]val ( quiet 0 us$ = bo? religi\s re=m & milit>y precautions47#cde7 ,! high places & hea!n idols & symbols :i* _h someh[ surviv$ ,abijah's zeal = ! ,mosaic ritual 7 swept away1 & ,judah 0 comm&$ to seek ,jehovah & obs]ve ! ,law2 & he built =tresses ) t[]s1 & gates1 & b>s1 & rais$ a great army 8t b>e buckl]s & spe>s10--no m]e ha/y levy ( half-arm$ peasants ) scy!s & axes4 ,! mighty array surpass$ ev5 ,abijah's great mu/] ( f\r hundr$ ?\s& f ,judah & ,b5jam93 !re 7 five hundr$ & eighty ?\s& m51 ?ree hundr$ ?\s& out ( ,judah t b>e buckl]s & spe>s & two hundr$ & eighty ?\s& out ( ,b5jam9 t b>e %ields & drew b[s4 ,! great mu/] ( ,b5jamites "u ,asa is 9 /rik+ contra/ to ! meagre tale ( six hundr$ w>riors t =m$ ! :ole /r5g? ( ,b5jam9 aft] its disa/r\s defeat 9 ! days ( ! judges2 & ! spl5did equipm5t ( ?is mighty ho/ %[s ! rapid progress ( ! nation f ! desp]ate days ( ,%amg> & ,jael or ev5 ( ,saul's e>ly reign1 :5 8!re 0 nei!r %ield nor spe> se5 among =ty ?\s& 9 ,israel40 ,^! ref]5ces to build+s1 especially =tresses1 to milit>y /ores & ! va/ numb]s ( ,jewi% & ,israelite armies1 =m a di/9ct class among/ ! additions made by ! *ronicl] to ! mat]ial tak5 f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,!y are f\nd 9 ! n>ratives ( ! reigns ( ,david1 ,rehoboam1 ,jeho%aphat1 ,uzziah1 ,jo?am1 ,manasseh1 9 fact 9 ! reigns ( ne>ly all ! good k+s2 ,manasseh's build+ 0 done aft] he _h turn$ f 8 evil ways47#cdf7 ,hezekiah & ,josiah 7 too mu* occupi$ ) sacr$ fe/ivals on ! "o h& & ho/ile invad]s on ! o!r to h mu* leisure = build+1 & x w\ld n h be5 9 keep+ ) ,solomon's "* z ! pr9ce ( peace to h laid /ress on 8 ars5als & armies4 ,o!rwise ! *ronicl]1 liv+ at a "t :5 ! w>like res\rces ( ,judah 7 ( ! slighte/1 0 naturally int]e/$ 9 ^! rem9isc5ces ( dep>t$ glory2 & ! ,jewi% prov9cials w\ld take a pride 9 relat+ ^! pieces ( antiqu>ian in=mation ab\t _! native t[ns1 mu* z ! s]vants ( old manor-h\ses delight to po9t out ! w+ :i* 0 add$ by "s fam\s ,cavali] or by "s ,jacobite squire4 ,asa's w>like prep>ations 7 possibly int5d$1 l ^? ( ! ,triple ,alliance1 to enable him to ma9ta9 peace2 b if s1 _! sequel did n illu/rate ! maxim1 8,si vis pacem1 p>a bellum40 ,! rum\r ( 8 va/ armam5ts rea*$ a p[]ful mon>*3 8,z]ah ! ,e?iopian407#cdg7 ,! vagu5ess ( ?is description is d\btless due to ! remot5ess ( ! *ronicl] f ! times he is describ+4 ,z]ah has sometimes be5 id5tifi$ ) ,%i%ak's successor1 ,osorkon ,i41 ! second k+ ( ! tw5ty-second ,egyptian dyna/y4 ,z]ah felt t ,asa's great army 0 a /&+ m5ace to ! surr\nd+ pr9ces1 & und]took ! task ( de/roy+ ?is new milit>y p[]3 8,he came out aga9/ !m40 ,num]\s z ,asa's =ces 71 !y /ill left him dep5d5t ^u ,jehovah1 = ! enemy 7 ev5 m num]\s & bett] equipp$4 ,z]ah l$ to a battle an army ( a million m51 support$ by ?ree hundr$ w> *>iots4 ,) ?is enorm\s ho/ he came to ,m>e%ah1 at ! foot ( ! ,judan highl&s1 9 a direction s\?-we/ ( ,j]usalem4 ,9 spite ( ! inf]iority ( 8 army1 ,asa came out to meet him2 8& !y set ! battle 9 array 9 ! valley ( ,zepha?ah at ,m>e%ah40 ,l ,abijah1 ,asa felt t1 ) 8 ,div9e ,ally1 he ne$ n be afraid ( ! odds aga9/ him ev5 :5 !y c\ld be c\nt$ by hundr$s ( ?\s&s4 ,tru/+ 9 ,jehovah1 he _h tak5 ! field aga9/ ! enemy2 & n[ at ! decisive mom5t he made a confid5t appeal = help3 8,jehovah1 !re is none beside ,!e to help betwe5 ! mighty & him t ha? no /r5g?40 ,five hundr$ & eighty ?\s& m5 seem$ no?+ comp>$ to ! ho/ array$ aga9/ !m1 & outnumb]+ !m 9 ! proportion ( ne>ly two to "o4 8,help u1 ,jehovah our ,god2 = we rely on ,!e1 & 9 ,?y "n are we come aga9/ ?is multitude4 ,jehovah1 ,?\ art our ,god2 let n man prevail aga9/ ,!e40 ,jehovah ju/ifi$ ! tru/ repos$ 9 ,him4 ,he smote ! ,e?iopians1 & !y fl$ t[>ds ! s\?-we/ 9 ! direction ( ,egypt2 & ,asa & 8 army pursu$ !m z f> z ,g]>1 ) fe>ful slaught]1 s t ( ,z]ah's million foll[]s n "o rema9$ alive47#cdh7 ,( c\rse ?is /atem5t is hyp]bolical4 ,! c>nage 0 enorm\s1 & no liv+ enemies rema9$ 9 sight4 ,app>5tly ,g]> & ! neighb\r+ cities _h aid$ ,z]ah 9 8 advance & attempt$ to %elt] ! fugitives f ,m>e%ah4 ,p>alys$ ) fe> ( ,jehovah1 ^: av5g+ wra? _h be5 s t]ribly manife/$1 ^! cities fell an easy prey to ! victori\s ,jews4 ,!y smote & spoil$ all ! cities ab\t ,g]>1 & reap$ a ri* h>ve/1 8= !re 0 mu* spoil 9 !m40 ,x seems t ! nomad tribes ( ! s\!rn wild]ness _h also 9 "s way id5tifi$ !mselves ) ! invad]s2 ,asa attack$ !m 9 _! turn4 8,!y smote also ! t5ts ( cattle02 & z ! weal? ( ^! tribes lay 9 _! flocks & h]ds2 8!y c>ri$ away %eep 9 abundance & camels1 & return$ to ,j]usalem40 ,?is victory is closely p>allel to t ( ,abijah ov] ,j]oboam4 ,9 bo? ! numb]s ( ! armies are reckon$ by hundr$s ( ?\s&s2 & ! ho/ile ho/ outnumb]s ! army ( ,judah 9 ! "o case by exactly two to "o1 9 ! o!r by ne>ly t proportion3 9 bo? ! k+ ( ,judah tru/s ) calm assurance to ! assi/ance ( ,jehovah1 & ,jehovah smites ! enemy2 ! ,jews !n massacre ! defeat$ army & spoil or capture ! neighb\r+ cities4 ,^! victories ov] sup]ior numb]s may easily be p>allel$ or surpass$ by num]\s /rik+ examples f secul> hi/ory4 ,! odds 7 great] at ,ag9c\rt1 :]e at lea/ sixty ?\s& ,fr5* 7 defeat$ by n m ?an tw5ty ?\s& ,engli%m52 at ,m>a?on ! ,greeks r\t$ a ,p]sian army t5 times z num]\s z _! own2 9 ,india ,engli% g5]als h defeat$ innum]able hordes ( native w>riors1 z :5 ,wellesley-- 8,aga9/ ! myriads ( ,assaye ,cla%$ ) 8 fi]y few & won40 ,= ! mo/ "p victori\s g5]als h be5 ready to ackn[l$ge ! succ\r+ arm ( ! ,god ( battles4 ,%akespe>e's ,h5ry ,v4 aft] ,ag9c\rt speaks altoge!r 9 ! _s ( ,asa's pray]3-- 8444 ,o ,god1 ,?y arm 0 "h2 ,& n to u1 b to ,?y arm alone1 ,ascribe we all4444 444 ,take x1 ,god1 ,= x is only ,?9e40 ,:5 ! small craft t made up ,elizabe?'s fleet defeat$ ! huge ,spani% galleons & galleasses1 & ! /orms ( ! nor!rn seas f9i%$ ! "w ( de/ruction1 ! grateful piety ( ,prote/ant ,engl& felt t its foes _h be5 de/roy$ by ! brea? ( ! ,"l2 8,afflavit ,deus et dissipantur40 ,! pr9ciple t und]lies su* feel+s is q indep5d5t ( ! exact proportions ( oppos+ armies4 ,! victories ( inf]ior numb]s 9 a righte\s cause are ! mo/ /rik+1 b n ! mo/ significant1 illu/rations ( ! sup]iority ( moral to mat]ial =ce4 ,9 ! wid] movem5ts ( int]national politics we may f9d ev5 m *>act]i/ic in/ances4 ,x is true ( nations z well z ( individuals t-- 8,! ,"l kille? & make? alive2 ,he br+e? d[n to ! grave & br+e? up3 ,! ,"l make? poor & make? ri*2 ,he br+e? l[1 ,he also lifte? up3 ,he raise? up ! poor out ( ! du/1 ,he lifte? up ! ne$y f ! dunghill1 ,to make !m sit ) pr9ces ,& inh]it ! ?rone ( glory40 ,italy 9 ! eighte5? c5tury seem$ z hopelessly divid$ z ,israel "u ! judges1 & ,greece z completely enslav$ to ! 8unspeakable ,turk0 z ! ,jews to ,nebu*adnezz>2 & yet1 de/itute z !y 7 ( any mat]ial res\rces1 ^! nations _h at _! disposal great moral =ces3 ! memory ( anci5t greatness & ! s5tim5t ( nationality2 & to-day ,italy c c\nt hundr$s ( ?\s&s l ! *ronicl]'s ,jewi% k+s1 & ,greece builds h] =tresses by l& & h] ironclads to comm& ! sea4 ,! ,"l has f\ght = ,israel4 ,b ! pr9ciple has a wid] application4 ,a little exam9ation ( ! m obscure & complicat$ movem5ts ( social life w %[ moral =ces ev]y:]e ov]com+ & controll+ ! app>5tly irresi/ible mat]ial =ces oppos$ to !m4 ,! ,engli% & ,am]ican pione]s ( ! movem5ts = ! abolition ( slav]y _h to face :at seem$ an imp5etrable phalanx ( p[]ful int]e/s & influ5ces2 b probably any imp>tial /ud5t ( hi/ory w\ld h =ese5 ! ultimate triumph ( a h&ful ( e>ne/ m5 ov] all ! weal? & political p[] ( ! slave-own]s4 ,! moral =ces at ! disposal ( ! abolitioni/s 7 obvi\sly irresi/ible4 ,b ! soldi] 9 ! mid/ ( smoke & tumult may /ill be anxi\s & despond5t at ! v mom5t :5 ! spectator sees cle>ly t ! battle is won2 & ! mo/ e>ne/ ,*ri/ian work]s sometimes falt] :5 !y realise ! va/ & t]rible =ces t fight aga9/ !m4 ,at su* times we are bo? rebuk$ & enc\rag$ by ! simple fai? ( ! *ronicl] 9 ! ov]rul+ p[] ( ,god4 ,x may be object$ t if victory 7 to be secur$ by ,div9e int]v5tion1 !re 0 no ne$ to mu/] five hundr$ & eighty ?\s& m5 or inde$ any army at all4 ,if 9 any & e case ,god disposes1 :at ne$ is !re = ! devotion to ,8 s]vice ( our be/ /r5g?1 & en]gy1 & culture1 or ( any human ef=t at all8 ,a :olesome spiritual in/9ct leads ! *ronicl] to emphasise ! great prep>ations ( ,abijah & ,asa4 ,we h no "r to look = ,div9e co-op]ation till we h done our be/2 we are n to sit ) fold$ h&s & expect a complete salvation to be wr\ght = u1 & !n to cont9ue z idle spectators ( ,god's r$emption ( mank9d3 we are to tax our res\rces to ! utmo/ to ga!r our hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( soldi]s2 we are to "w out our own salvation ) fe> & trembl+1 = x is ,god t worke? 9 u bo? to w & to d ( ,8 good pleasure4 ,?is pr9ciple may be put 9 ano!r way4 ,ev5 to ! hundr$s ( ?\s&s ! ,div9e help is /ill necess>y4 ,! lead]s ( great ho/s are z dep5d5t ^u ,div9e help z ,jona?an & 8 arm\r-be>] fight+ s+le-h&$ aga9/ a ,phili/9e g>rison1 or ,david arm+ himself ) a sl+ & /one aga9/ ,golia? ( ,ga?4 ,! mo/ compet5t ,*ri/ian work] 9 ! prime ( 8 spiritual /r5g? ne$s grace z mu* z ! untri$ y\? mak+ 8 fir/ v5ture 9 ! ,"l's s]vice4 ,at ?is po9t we meet ) ano!r ( ! *ronicl]'s obvi\s self-contradictions4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! n>rative ( ,asa's reign we are told t ! k+ did away ) ! high places & ! symbols ( idolatr\s wor%ip1 & t1 because ,judah _h ?us s\ght ,jehovah1 ,he gave !m re/4 ,! deliv]ance f ,z]ah is ano!r m>k ( ,div9e fav\r4 ,& yet 9 ! fifte5? *apt] ,asa1 9 ob$i5ce to prophetic admonition1 takes away ! abom9ations f 8 dom9ions1 z if !re _h be5 no previ\s re=mation1 b we are told t ! high places 7 n tak5 out ( ,israel4 ,! context w\ld naturally sugge/ t ,israel "h means ,asa's k+dom1 z ! true ,israel ( ,god2 b z ! v]se is borr[$ f ! book ( ,k+s1 & 8out ( ,israel0 is an editorial addition made by ! *ronicl]1 x is probably int5d$ to h>monise ! borr[$ v]se ) ! *ronicl]'s previ\s /atem5t t ,asa did away ) ! high places4 ,if s1 we mu/ und]/& t ,israel means ! nor!rn k+dom1 f :i* ! high places _h n be5 remov$1 ?\gh ,judah _h be5 purg$ f ^! abom9ations4 ,b "h1 z (t5 else:]e1 ,*ronicles tak5 alone af=ds no explanation ( its inconsi/5cies4 ,aga91 9 ,asa's fir/ re=mation he comm&$ ,judah to seek ,jehovah & to d ! ,law & ! comm&m5ts2 & accord+ly ,judah s\ght ! ,"l4 ,moreov]1 ,abijah1 ab\t sev5te5 ye>s7#cdi7 be=e ,asa's second re=mation1 made x 8 special boa/ t ,judah _h n =sak5 ,jehovah1 b _h prie/s m9i/]+ unto ,jehovah1 8! sons ( ,a>on & ! ,levites 9 _! "w40 ,dur+ ,rehoboam's reign ( sev5te5 ye>s ,jehovah 0 duly hon\r$ = ! fir/ ?ree ye>s1 & aga9 aft] ,%i%ak's invasion 9 ! fif? ye> ( ,rehoboam4 ,s t = ! previ\s ?irty or =ty ye>s ! due wor%ip ( ,jehovah _h only be5 int]rupt$ by occasional lapses into disob$i5ce4 ,b n[ ! prophet ,od$ holds be=e ?is fai?ful p ! w>n+ example ( ! 8long seasons0 :5 ,israel 0 )\t ! true ,god1 & )\t a tea*+ prie/1 & )\t law4 ,& yet previ\sly ,*ronicles supplies an unbrok5 li/ ( high-prie/s f ,a>on d[nw>ds4 ,9 response to ,od$'s appeal1 ! k+ & p set ab\t ! "w ( re=mation z if !y _h tol]at$ "s su* neglect ( ,god1 ! prie/s1 & ! ,law z ! prophet _h describ$4 ,ano!r m9or discrepancy is f\nd 9 ! /atem5t t 8! he>t ( ,asa 0 p]fect all 8 days02 ?is is reproduc$ v]batim f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,imm$iately aft]w>ds ! *ronicl] relates ! evil do+s ( ,asa 9 ! clos+ ye>s ( 8 reign4 ,su* contradictions r5d] x impossible to give a complete & cont9u\s exposition ( ,*ronicles t %all be at ! same "t consi/5t4 ,nev]!less !y are n )\t _! value = ! ,*ri/ian /ud5t4 ,!y af=d evid5ce ( ! good fai? ( ! *ronicl]4 ,8 contradictions are cle>ly due to 8 use ( indep5d5t & discrepant s\rces1 & n to any tamp]+ ) ! /atem5ts ( 8 au?orities4 ,!y are also an indication t ! *ronicl] atta*es mu* m importance to spiritual edification ?an to hi/orical accuracy4 ,:5 he seeks to set be=e 8 contempor>ies ! high] nature & bett] life ( ! great national h]oes1 & ?us to provide !m ) an ideal ( k+%ip1 he is scrupul\sly & pa9fully c>eful to remove ev]y?+ t w\ld weak5 ! =ce ( ! lesson :i* he is try+ to tea*2 b he is comp>atively indiff]5t to accuracy ( hi/orical detail4 ,:5 8 au?orities contradict ea* o!r z to ! numb] or ! date ( ,asa's re=mations1 or ev5 ! "* ( 8 lat] ye>s1 he does n hesitate to place ! two n>ratives side by side & practically to draw lessons f bo?4 ,! "w ( ! *ronicl] & its pres5ce ) ! ,p5tateu* & ! ,synoptic ,gospels 9 ! sacr$ canon imply an emphatic decl>ation ( ! judgm5t ( ! ,_s & ! ,*ur* t detail$ hi/orical accuracy is n a necess>y consequ5ce ( inspiration4 ,9 exp\nd+ ?is second n>rative ( a re=mation by ,asa1 we %all make no attempt at complete h>mony ) ! re/ ( ,*ronicles2 any inconsi/5cy betwe5 ! exposition "h & else:]e w simply arise f a fai?ful adh]5ce to our text4 ,! occasion !n ( ,asa's second re=mation7#cej7 0 z foll[s3 ,asa 0 return+ 9 triumph f 8 great defeat ( ,z]ah1 br++ ) him sub/antial fruits ( victory 9 ! %ape ( abundant spoil4 ,weal? & p[] _h prov$ a sn>e to ,david & ,rehoboam1 & _h involv$ !m 9 griev\s s94 ,asa might also h succumb$ to ! temptations ( prosp]ity2 b1 by a special ,div9e grace n v\*saf$ to 8 pr$ecessors1 he 0 gu>d$ aga9/ dang] by a prophetic w>n+4 ,at ! v mom5t :5 ,asa might h expect$ to be greet$ by ! acclamations ( ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 :5 ! k+ w\ld be elate ) ! s5se ( ,div9e fav\r1 milit>y success1 & popul> applause1 ! prophet's admonition *eck$ ! undue exaltation :i* might h hurri$ ,asa into presumptu\s s94 ,asa & 8 p 7 n to presume ^u _! privilege2 its cont9uance 0 altoge!r dep5d5t ^u _! cont9u$ ob$i5ce3 if !y fell into s91 ! rew>ds ( _! =m] loyalty w\ld vani% l fairy gold4 8,he> ye me1 ,asa1 & all ,judah & ,b5jam93 ,jehovah is ) y :ile ye be ) ,him2 & if ye seek ,him1 ,he w be f\nd ( y2 b if ye =sake ,him1 ,he w =sake y40 ,?is lesson 0 en=c$ f ! e>li] hi/ory ( ,israel4 ,! foll[+ v]ses are virtually a summ>y ( ! hi/ory ( ! judges3-- 8,n[ = long seasons ,israel 0 )\t ! true ,god1 & )\t tea*+ prie/1 & )\t law40 ,judges tells h[ aga9 & aga9 ,israel fell away f ,jehovah4 8,b :5 9 _! di/ress !y turn$ unto ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 & s\ght ,him1 ,he 0 f\nd ( !m40 ,od$'s address is v simil> to ano!r & some:at full] summ>y ( ! hi/ory ( ! judges1 conta9$ 9 ,samuel's f>ewell to ! p1 9 :i* he rem9d$ !m h[ :5 !y =got ,jehovah1 _! ,god1 ,he sold !m into ! h& ( _! enemies1 & :5 !y cri$ unto ,jehovah1 ,he s5t ,z]ubbabel1 & ,b>ak1 & ,jeph?ah1 & ,samuel1 & deliv]$ !m out ( ! h& ( _! enemies on e side1 & !y dwelt 9 safety47#cea7 ,od$ proce$s to o!r *>act]i/ics ( ! p]iod ( ! judges3 8,!re 0 no peace to him t w5t out1 nor to him t came 92 b great vexations 7 ^u all ! inhabitants ( ! l&s4 ,& !y 7 brok5 9 pieces1 nation aga9/ nation & city aga9/ city1 = ,god did vex !m ) all adv]sity40 ,deborah's song records great vexations3 ! highways 7 unoccupi$1 & ! travell]s walk$ ?r\gh by-ways2 ! rul]s ceas$ 9 ,israel2 ,gideon 8?re%$ :eat by ! w9epress to hide x f ! ,midianites40 ,! break+ ( nation aga9/ nation & city aga9/ city w ref] to ! de/ruction ( ,succo? & ,p5uel by ,gideon1 ! sieges ( ,%e*em & ,!bez by ,abimele*1 ! massacre ( ! ,ephraimites by ,jeph?ah1 & ! civil w> betwe5 ,b5jam9 & ! re/ ( ,israel & ! consequ5t de/ruction ( ,jabe%-gilead47#ceb7 8,b10 said ,od$1 8be ye /rong1 & let n y\r h&s be slack1 = y\r "w %all be rew>d$40 ,od$ implies t abuses 7 preval5t 9 ,judah :i* might spread & corrupt ! :ole p1 s z to draw d[n ^u !m ! wra? ( ,god & plunge !m into all ! mis]ies ( ! times ( ! judges4 ,^! abuses 7 wide-spread1 support$ by p[]ful int]e/s & num]\s adh]5ts4 ,! que5-"m1 "o ( ! mo/ important p]sonages 9 an ,ea/]n /ate1 0 h]self devot$ to hea!n obs]vances4 ,_! suppression ne$$ c\rage1 en]gy1 & p]t9acity2 b if !y 7 resolutely grappl$ )1 ,jehovah w\ld rew>d ! ef=ts ( ,8 s]vants ) success1 & ,judah w\ld enjoy prosp]ity4 ,accord+ly ,asa took c\rage & put away ! abom9ations out ( ,judah & ,b5jam9 & ! cities he held 9 ,ephraim4 ,! abom9ations 7 ! idols & all ! cruel & obsc5e accompanim5ts ( hea!n wor%ip47#cec7 ,9 ! prophet's exhortation to be /rong1 & n be slack1 & 9 ! correspond+ /atem5t t ,asa took c\rage1 we h a h9t = all re=m]s4 ,nei!r ,od$ nor ,asa und]rat$ ! s]i\s nature ( ! task be=e !m4 ,!y c\nt$ ! co/1 & ) op5 eyes & full k confront$ ! evil !y meant to eradicate4 ,! full significance ( ! *ronicl]'s language is only se5 :5 we rememb] :at prec$$ ! prophet's appeal to ,asa4 ,! capta9 ( half a million soldi]s1 ! conqu]or ( a million ,e?iopians ) ?ree hundr$ *>iots1 has to take c\rage be=e he c br+ himself to put away ! abom9ations out ( 8 own dom9ions4 ,milit>y ma*9]y is m readily creat$ ?an national righte\sness2 x is easi] to slaught] "o's neighb\rs ?an to let light into ! d>k places t are full ( ! habitations ( cruelty2 & vigor\s =eign policy is a poor sub/itute = good adm9i/ration4 ,! pr9ciple has its application to ! individual4 ,! beam 9 our own eye seems m difficult to extract ?an ! mote 9 our bro!r's1 & a man (t5 ne$s m moral c\rage to re=m himself ?an to d5\nce o!r p's s9s or urge !m to accept salvation4 ,mo/ m9i/]s c\ld confirm f _! own exp]i5ce ,portia's say+1 8,i c easi] tea* tw5ty :at 7 good to be done ?an be "o ( ! tw5ty to foll[ m9e own tea*+40 ,asa's re=mation 0 con/ructive z well z de/ructive2 ! tol]ation ( 8abom9ations0 _h dim9i%$ ! zeal ( ! p = ,jehovah1 & ev5 ! alt> ( ,jehovah be=e ! por* ( ! ,temple _h suff]$ f neglect3 x 0 n[ r5ew$1 & ,asa assembl$ ! p = a great fe/ival4 ,"u ,rehoboam _m pi\s ,israelites _h left ! nor!rn k+dom to dwell :]e !y c\ld freely wor%ip at ! ,temple2 "u ,asa !re 0 a new migration1 8= !y fell to him out ( ,israel 9 abundance :5 !y saw t ,jehovah 8 ,god 0 ) him40 ,& s x came ab\t t 9 ! great assembly :i* ,asa ga!r$ toge!r at ,j]usalem n only ,judah & ,b5jam91 b also ,ephraim1 ,manasseh1 & ,simeon1 7 repres5t$4 ,! *ronicl] has already told u t aft] ! return f ! ,captivity "s ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim & ,manasseh dwelt at ,j]usalem ) ! *ildr5 ( ,judah & ,b5jam917#ced7 & he is always c>eful to note any settlem5t ( memb]s ( ! t5 tribes 9 ,judah or any acquisition ( nor!rn t]ritory by ! k+s ( ,judah4 ,su* facts illu/rat$ 8 doctr9e t ,judah 0 ! true spiritual ,israel1 ! real 1 or twelve-trib$ :ole1 ( ! *os5 p4 ,asa's fe/ival 0 held 9 ! ?ird mon? ( 8 fifte5? ye>1 ! mon? ,sivan1 correspond+ r\ghly to our ,june4 ,! ,fea/ ( ,weeks1 at :i* fir/-fruits 7 (f]$1 fell 9 ?is mon?2 & 8 fe/ival 0 probably a special celebration ( ?is fea/4 ,! sacrifice ( sev5 hundr$ ox5 & sev5 ?\s& %eep out ( ! spoil tak5 f ! ,e?iopians & _! allies might be consid]$ a k9d ( fir/-fruits4 ,! p pl$g$ !mselves mo/ solemnly to p]man5t ob$i5ce to ,jehovah2 ?is fe/ival & its (f]+s 7 to be fir/-fruits or e>ne/ ( future loyalty4 8,!y ent]$ into a cov5ant to seek ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( _! fa!rs1 ) all _! he>t & ) all _! s\l2 444 !y sw>e unto ,jehovah ) a l\d voice1 & ) %\t+1 & ) trumpets1 & ) cornets40 ,! obs]vance ( ?is cov5ant 0 n to be left to ! unc]ta9ties ( individual loyalty2 ! community 7 to be on _! gu>d aga9/ (f5d]s1 ,a*ans :o might tr\ble ,israel4 ,accord+ to ! /]n law ( ! ,p5tateu*17#cee7 8:osoev] w\ld n seek ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 %\ld be put to dea?1 :e!r small or great1 :e!r man or woman40 ,! seek+ ( ,jehovah1 s f> z x c\ld be en=c$ by p5alties1 mu/ h consi/$ 9 ext]nal obs]vances2 & ! usual pro( t a man did n seek ,jehovah w\ld be f\nd 9 8 seek+ o!r gods & tak+ "p 9 hea!n rites4 ,su* apo/acy 0 n m]ely an ecclesia/ical (f5ce3 x involv$ immorality & a fall+ away f patriotism4 ,! pi\s ,jew c\ld no m tol]ate hea!nism ?an we c\ld tol]ate 9 ,engl& religions t sanction$ polygamy or suttee4 ,hav+ ?us ent]$ into cov5ant ) ,jehovah1 8all ,judah rejoic$ at _! oa? because !y _h sworn ) all _! he>t1 & s\ght ,him ) _! :ole desire40 ,at ! beg9n+1 no d\bt1 !y1 l _! k+1 8took c\rage02 !y address$ !mselves ) reluctance & appreh5sion to an unwelcome & haz>d\s ent]prise4 ,!y n[ rejoic$ ov] ! ,div9e grace t _h inspir$ _! ef=ts & be5 manife/$ 9 _! c\rage & devotion1 ov] ! happy issue ( _! ent]prise1 & ov] ! univ]sal en?usiasm = ,jehovah2 & ,he set ! seal ( ,8 approval ^u _! gladness1 ,he 0 f\nd ( !m1 & ,jehovah gave !m re/ r\nd ab\t1 s t !re 0 no m w> = tw5ty ye>s3 unto ! ?irty-fif? ye> ( ,asa's reign4 ,x is an unsav\ry task to put away abom9ations3 _m f\l ne/s ( unclean birds are di/urb$ 9 ! process2 m5 w\ld n *oose to h ?is p>ticul> cross laid ^u !m1 b only ^? :o take up _! cross & foll[ ,*ri/ c hope to ent] into ! joy ( ! ,"l4 ,! n>rative ( ?is second re=mation is complet$ by ! addition ( details borr[$ f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! *ronicl] next rec\nts h[ 9 ! ?irty-six? ye> ( ,asa's reign ,baa%a began to =tify ,ramah z an outpo/ aga9/ ,judah1 b 0 =c$ to ab&on 8 und]tak+ by ! int]v5tion ( ! ,syrian k+1 ,b5hadad1 :om ,asa hir$ ) 8 own treasures & ^? ( ! ,temple2 :]eupon ,asa c>ri$ (f ,baa%a's /ones & timb] & built ,geba & ,mizpah z ,jewi% outpo/s aga9/ ,israel4 ,) ! exception ( ! date & a few m9or *anges1 ! n>rative s f> is tak5 v]batim f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! *ronicl]1 l ! au?or ( ! prie/ly docum5t ( ! ,p5tateu*1 0 anxi\s to provide 8 read]s ) an exact & complete sy/em ( *ronology2 he 0 ! ,us%] or ,cl9ton ( 8 g5]ation4 ,8 date ( ! w> aga9/ ,baa%a is probably bas$ ^u an int]pretation ( ! s\rce us$ = *ap4 xv42 ! fir/ re=mation secur$ a re/ ( t5 ye>s1 ! second & m ?or\gh re=mation a re/ exactly twice z long z ! fir/4 ,9 ! int]e/ ( ^! *ronological ref]5ces1 ! *ronicl] has sacrific$ a /atem5t twice repeat$ 9 ! book ( ,k+s3 t !re 0 w> betwe5 ,asa & ,baa%a all _! days4 ,z ,baa%a came to ! ?rone 9 ,asa's ?ird ye>1 ! /atem5t ( ! book ( ,k+s w\ld h seem$ to contradict ! *ronicl]'s ass]tion t !re 0 no w> f ! fifte5? to ! ?irty-fif? ye> ( ,asa's reign47#cef7 ,aft] 8 victory ov] ,z]ah1 ,asa receiv$ a ,div9e message7#ceg7 :i* some:at *eck$ ! exub]ance ( 8 triumph2 a simil> message await$ him aft] 8 successful exp$ition to ,ramah4 ,by ,od$ ,jehovah _h w>n$ ,asa1 b n[ ,he commission$ ,hanani ! se] to pron\nce a s5t5ce ( condemnation4 ,! gr\nd ( ! s5t5ce 0 t ,asa _h n reli$ on ,jehovah1 b on ! k+ ( ,syria4 ,"h ! *ronicl] e*oes "o ( ! key-notes ( ! great prophets4 ,isaiah _h prote/$ aga9/ ! alliance :i* ,ahaz conclud$ ) ,assyria 9 ord] to obta9 assi/ance aga9/ ! unit$ onset ( ,rez91 k+ ( ,syria1 & ,pekah1 k+ ( ,israel1 & _h pr$ict$ t ,jehovah w\ld br+ ^u ,ahaz1 8 p1 & 8 dyna/y days t _h n come s9ce ! disruption1 ev5 ! k+ ( ,assyria47#ceh7 ,:5 ?is pr$iction 0 fulfill$1 & ! ?und]cl\d ( ,assyrian invasion d>k5$ all ! l& ( ,judah1 ! ,jews1 9 _! lack ( fai?1 look$ to ,egypt = deliv]ance2 & aga9 ,isaiah d5\nc$ ! =eign alliance3 8,woe to !m t g d[n to ,egypt = help1 444 b !y look n unto ! ,holy ,"o ( ,israel1 nei!r seek ,jehovah2 444 ! /r5g? ( ,ph>aoh %all be y\r %ame1 & ! tru/ 9 ! %ad[ ( ,egypt y\r confusion407#cei7 ,s ,j]emiah 9 8 turn prote/$ aga9/ a revival ( ! ,egyptian alliance3 8,?\ %all be a%am$ ( ,egypt also1 z ?\ wa/ a%am$ ( ,assyria407#cfj7 ,9 _! successive calamities ! ,jews c\ld d]ive no com=t f a /udy ( previ\s hi/ory2 ! pretext ^u :i* ea* ( _! oppressors _h int]v5$ 9 ! affairs ( ,pale/9e _h be5 an invitation f ,judah4 ,9 _! tr\ble !y _h s\ght a rem$y worse ?an ! disease2 ! consequ5ces ( ?is political quack]y _h always dem&$ /ill m desp]ate & fatal m$ic9es4 ,fre$om f ! bord] raids ( ! ,ephraimites 0 secur$ at ! price ( ! ru?less deva/ations ( ,hazael2 deliv]ance f ,rez9 only l$ to ! :olesale massacres & spoliation ( ,s5na*]ib4 ,=eign alliance 0 an opiate t _h to be tak5 9 cont9ually increas+ doses1 till at la/ x caus$ ! dea? ( ! pati5t4 ,nev]!less ^! are n ! lessons :i* ! se] seeks to impress ^u ,asa4 ,hanani takes a l(ti] tone4 ,he does n tell him t 8 unholy alliance ) ,b5hadad 0 ! fir/ ( a *a9 ( circum/ances t w\ld end 9 ! ru9 ( ,judah4 ,few g5]ations are greatly di/urb$ by ! prospect ( ! ru9 ( _! c\ntry 9 ! di/ant future3 8,aft] u ! ,deluge40 ,ev5 ! pi\s k+ ,hezekiah1 :5 told ( ! com+ captivity ( ,judah1 f\nd mu* com=t 9 ! ?\ght t !re %\ld be peace & tru? 9 8 days4 ,aft] ! mann] ( ! prophets1 ,hanani's message is conc]n$ ) 8 own times4 ,to 8 l>ge fai? ! alliance ) ,syria pres5t$ itself *iefly z ! loss ( a great opportunity4 ,asa _h depriv$ himself ( ! privilege ( fight+ ) ,syria1 :]eby ,jehovah w\ld h f\nd fre% occasion to manife/ ,8 inf9ite p[] & ,8 graci\s fav\r t[>ds ,judah4 ,_h !re be5 no alliance ) ,judah1 ! re/less & w>like k+ ( ,syria might h jo9$ ,baa%a to attack ,asa2 ano!r million ( ! hea!n & o!r hundr$s ( _! *>iots w\ld h be5 de/roy$ by ! resi/less might ( ! ,"l ( ,ho/s4 ,& yet1 9 spite ( ! great object-lesson he _h receiv$ 9 ! defeat ( ,z]ah1 ,asa _h n ?\ght ( ,jehovah z 8 ,ally4 ,he _h =gott5 ! all-obs]v+1 all-controll+ provid5ce ( ,jehovah1 & _h ?\ght x necess>y to supplem5t ! ,div9e protection by hir+ a hea!n k+ ) ! treasures ( ! ,temple2 & yet 8! eyes ( ,jehovah run to & fro ?r\gh\t ! :ole e>?1 to %[ ,himself /rong 9 behalf ( !m ^: he>t is p]fect t[>d ,him40 ,) ?is ?\ght1 t ! eyes ( ,jehovah run to & fro ?r\gh\t ! e>?1 ,ze*>iah7#cfa7 com=t$ ! ,jews 9 ! d>k days betwe5 ! ,return & ! rebuild+ ( ! ,temple4 ,possibly dur+ ,asa's tw5ty ye>s ( tranquillity 8 fai? _h become enfeebl$ = want ( any sev]e discipl9e4 ,x is only ) a c]ta9 res]ve t we c v5ture to pray t ! ,"l w 8take f our lives ! /ra9 & /ress40 ,! discipl9e ( helplessness & dep5d5ce pres]ves ! consci\sness ( ,god's lov+ provid5ce4 ,! res\rces ( ,div9e grace are n altoge!r int5d$ = our p]sonal com=t2 we are to tax !m to ! utmo/1 9 ! assurance t ,god w hon\r all our drafts ^u ,8 treasury4 ,! great opportunities ( tw5ty ye>s ( peace & prosp]ity 7 n giv5 to ,asa to lay up funds ) :i* to bribe a hea!n k+1 & !n1 ) ?is re9=cem5t ( 8 accumulat$ res\rces to accompli% ! mighty ent]prise ( /eal+ ,baa%a's /ones & timb] & build+ ! walls ( a c\ple ( fronti] =tresses4 ,) su* a hi/ory & su* opportunities beh9d him1 ,asa %\ld h felt himself compet5t1 ) ,jehovah's help1 to deal ) bo? ,baa%a & ,b5hadad1 & %\ld h _h c\rage to confront !m bo?4 ,s9 l ,asa's has be5 ! supreme apo/acy ( ! ,*ur* 9 all h] bran*es & ?r\gh all h] g5]ations3 ,*ri/ has be5 d5i$1 n by lack ( devotion1 b by want ( fai?4 ,*ampions ( ! tru?1 re=m]s & gu>dians ( ! ,temple1 l ,asa1 h be5 eag] to atta* to _! holy cause ! cruel prejudices ( ignorance & folly1 ! gre$ & v9dictiv5ess ( selfi% m54 ,!y h fe>$ le/ ^! pot5t =ces %\ld be array$ among/ ! enemies ( ! ,*ur* & h] ,ma/]4 ,sects & p>ties h eag]ly conte/$ ! privilege ( c\nsell+ a pr(ligate pr9ce h[ he %\ld satisfy 8 ?ir/ = blood & ex]cise 8 wanton & brutal insol5ce2 ! ,*ur* has c\nt5anc$ almo/ e iniquity & /riv5 to qu5* by p]secution e new revelation ( ! ,_s1 9 ord] to conciliate ve/$ int]e/s & e/abli%$ au?orities4 ,x has ev5 be5 sugge/$ t national ,*ur*es & great national vices 7 s intimately alli$ t _! support]s 7 cont5t t !y %\ld /& or fall toge!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! advocates ( re=m h n be5 sl[ to appeal to popul> jeal\sy & to aggravate ! bitt]ness ( social feuds4 ,to ,hanani ! se] _h come ! vision ( a l>g] & pur] fai?1 t w\ld rejoice to see ! cause ( ,satan support$ by all ! evil passions & selfi% int]e/s t are 8 natural allies4 ,he 0 assur$ t ! great] ! ho/ ( ,satan1 ! m signal & complete w\ld be ,jehovah's triumph4 ,if we _h 8 fai?1 we %\ld n be anxi\s to bribe ,satan to ca/ out ,satan1 b %\ld come to und]/& t ! full mu/] ( hell assail+ u 9 front is less dang]\s ?an a few companies ( diabolic m]c5>ies 9 our own array4 ,9 ! =m] case ! ov]?r[ ( ! p[]s ( d>kness is m c]ta9 & m complete4 ,! evil consequ5ces ( ,asa's policy 7 n conf9$ to ! loss ( a great opportunity1 nor 7 8 treasures ! only price he 0 to pay = =tify+ ,geba & ,mizpah ) ,baa%a's build+ mat]ials4 ,hanani decl>$ to him t f h5ce=? he %\ld h w>s4 ,?is pur*as$ alliance 0 only ! beg9n+1 & n ! end1 ( tr\bles4 ,in/ead ( ! complete & decisive victory :i* _h dispos$ ( ! ,e?iopians once = all1 ,asa & 8 p 7 h>ass$ & exhau/$ by cont9ual w>f>e4 ,! ,*ri/ian life w\ld h m decisive victories1 & w\ld be less ( a p]petual & we>+ /ruggle1 if we _h fai? to refra9 f ! use ( d\btful means = high ends4 ,od$'s message ( w>n+ _h be5 accept$ & obey$1 b ,asa 0 n[ no long] docile to ,div9e discipl9e4 ,david & ,hezekiah submitt$ !mselves to ! c5sure ( ,gad & ,isaiah2 b ,asa 0 wro? ) ,hanani & put him 9 prison1 because ! prophet _h v5tur$ to rebuke him4 ,8 s9 aga9/ ,god corrupt$ ev5 8 civil adm9i/ration2 & ! ally ( a hea!n k+1 ! p]secutor ( ,god's prophet1 also oppress$ ! p4 ,?ree ye>s7#cfb7 aft] ! repulse ( ,baa%a a new puni%m5t fell ^u ,asa3 8 feet became griev\sly diseas$4 ,/ill he did n humble himself1 b 0 guilty ( fur!r s97#cfc73 he s\ght n ,jehovah1 b ! physicians4 ,x is probable t to seek ,jehovah conc]n+ disease 0 n m]ely a matt] ( wor%ip4 ,reuss has sugge/$ t ! legitimate practice ( m$ic9e belong$ to ! s*ools ( ! prophets2 b x seems q z likely t 9 ,judah1 z 9 ,egypt1 any exi/+ k ( ! art ( heal+ 0 to be f\nd among ! prie/s4 ,conv]sely physicians :o 7 nei!r prie/s nor prophets ( ,jehovah 7 almo/ c]ta9 to be m9i/]s ( idolatr\s wor%ip & magicians4 ,!y fail$ app>5tly to relieve _! pati5t3 ,asa l+]$ 9 pa9 & weakness = two ye>s1 & !n di$4 ,possibly ! suff]+s ( 8 latt] days _h protect$ 8 p f fur!r oppression1 & _h at once appeal$ to _! sympa?y & remov$ any cause = res5tm5t4 ,:5 he di$1 !y only rememb]$ 8 virtues & a*ievem5ts2 & buri$ him ) royal magnific5ce1 ) sweet od\rs & div]s k9ds ( spices2 & made a v great burn+ = him1 probably ( aromatic woods4 ,9 discuss+ ! *ronicl]'s picture ( ! good k+s1 we h notic$ t1 :ile ,*ronicles & ! book ( ,k+s agree 9 m5tion+ ! mis=tunes :i* z a rule d>k5$ _! clos+ ye>s1 ,*ronicles 9 ea* case records "s lapse into s9 z prec$+ ^! mis=tunes4 ,f ! !ological /&po9t ( ! *ronicl]'s s*ool1 ^! invidi\s records ( ! s9s ( good k+s 7 necess>y 9 ord] to acc\nt = _! mis=tunes4 ,! dev\t /ud5t ( ! book ( ,k+s read ) surprise t ( ! pi\s k+s :o _h be5 devot$ to ,jehovah & ,8 temple1 ^: acceptance by ,him _h be5 %[n by ! victories v\*saf$ to !m1 "o _h di$ ( a pa9ful disease 9 8 feet1 ano!r 9 a laz>-h\se1 two _h be5 assass9at$1 & "o sla9 9 battle4 ,:y _h fai? & devotion be5 s ill rew>d$8 ,0 x n va9 to s]ve ,god8 ,:at pr(it 0 !re 9 keep+ ,8 ord9ances8 ,! *ronicl] felt himself =tunate 9 discov]+ among/ 8 lat] au?orities additional in=mation :i* expla9$ ^! my/]ies & ju/ifi$ ! ways ( ,god to man4 ,ev5 ! good k+s _h n be5 )\t reproa*1 & _! mis=tunes _h be5 ! righte\s judgm5t on _! s9s4 ,! pr9ciple :i* guid$ ! *ronicl] 9 ?is selection ( mat]ial 0 t s9 0 always puni%$ by complete1 imm$iate1 & manife/ retribution 9 ?is life1 & t conv]sely all mis=tune 0 ! puni%m5t ( s94 ,!re is a simplicity & app>5t ju/ice ab\t ?is !ory t has always made x ! lead+ doctr9e ( a c]ta9 /age ( moral developm5t4 ,x 0 probably ! popul> religi\s tea*+ 9 ,israel f e>ly days till ! "t :5 our ,"l f\nd x necess>y to prote/ aga9/ ! idea t ! ,galilans ^: blood ,pilate _h m+l$ ) _! sacrifices 7 s9n]s above all ,galilans because !y _h suff]$ ^! ?+s1 or t ! eighte5 ^u :om ! t[] 9 ,siloam fell1 & kill$ !m1 7 (f5d]s above all ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem4 ,?is doctr9e ( retribution 0 curr5t among ! ,greeks4 ,:5 t]rible calamities fell ^u m51 _! neighb\rs suppos$ ^! to be ! puni%m5t ( specially he9\s crimes4 ,:5 ! ,sp>tan k+ ,cleom5es committ$ suicide1 ! public m9d 9 ,greece at once inquir$ ( :at p>ticul> s9 he _h ?us paid ! p5alty4 ,! horrible circum/ances ( 8 dea? 7 attribut$ to ! wra? ( "s (f5d$ deity1 & ! cause ( ! (f5ce 0 s\ght = 9 "o ( 8 _m acts ( sacrilege4 ,possibly he 0 ?us puni%$ because he _h brib$ ! prie/ess ( ! ,delphic oracle4 ,! ,a!nians1 h[ev]1 believ$ t 8 sacrilege _h consi/$ 9 cutt+ d[n trees 9 _! sacr$ grove at ,eleusis2 b ! ,argives pref]r$ to hold t he came to an untimely end because he _h set fire to a grove sacr$ to _! eponym\s h]o ,argos4 ,simil>ly1 :5 9 ! c\rse ( ! ,peloponnesian w> ! g9etans 7 expell$ f _! isl&1 ?is calamity 0 reg>d$ z a puni%m5t inflict$ ^u !m because fifty ye>s be=e !y _h dragg$ away & put to dea? a suppliant :o _h caught hold ( ! h&le ( ! door ( ! temple ( ,demet] ,!omophorus4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! wond]ful way 9 :i* on f\r or five occasions ! ravages ( pe/il5ce deliv]$ ,dionysius ( ,syracuse f 8 ,c>?ag9ian enemies 0 attribut$ by 8 admir+ fri5ds to ! fav\r ( ! gods4 ,l _m o!r simple & logical doctr9es1 ?is ,jewi% !ory ( retribution came into collision ) obvi\s facts1 & seem$ to set ! law ( ,god at v>iance ) ! enlight5$ consci5ce4 8,b5ea? ! simple/ =ms ( tru? ! subtle/ error lurks40 ,! prosp]ity ( ! wick$ & ! suff]+s ( ! righte\s 7 a /&+ religi\s difficulty to ! dev\t ,israelite4 ,! popul> doctr9e held its gr\nd t5aci\sly1 support$ n only by anci5t prescription1 b also by ! mo/ influ5tial classes 9 society4 ,all :o 7 "y1 robu/1 weal?y1 p[]ful1 or successful 7 int]e/$ 9 ma9ta9+ a doctr9e t made heal?1 ri*es1 rank1 & success ! outw>d & visible signs ( righte\sness4 ,accord+ly ! simplicity ( ! orig9al doctr9e 0 h$g$ ab\t ) an +5i\s & elaborate apologetic4 ,! prosp]ity ( ! wick$ 0 held to be only = a season2 be=e he di$ ! judgm5t ( ,god w\ld ov]take him4 ,x 0 a mi/ake to speak ( ! suff]+s ( ! righte\s3 ^! v suff]+s %[$ t 8 righte\sness 0 only app>5t1 & t 9 secret he _h be5 guilty ( griev\s s94 ,( all ! cruelty inflict$ 9 ! "n ( or?odoxy !re is little t c surpass ! ref9$ torture due to ?is ,jewi% apologetic4 ,its cynical tea*+ met ! suff]] 9 ! angui% ( b]eavem5t1 9 ! pa9 & depression ( disease1 :5 he 0 cru%$ by sudd5 & ru9\s losses or publicly disgrac$ by ! unju/ s5t5ce ( a v5al law-c\rt4 ,in/ead ( receiv+ sympa?y & help1 he f\nd himself look$ ^u z a moral outca/ & p>iah on acc\nt ( 8 mis=tunes2 :5 he mo/ ne$$ ,div9e grace1 he 0 bidd5 to reg>d himself z a special object ( ! wra? ( ,jehovah4 ,if 8 or?odoxy surviv$ 8 calamities1 he w\ld review 8 pa/ life ) morbid retrospection1 & p]suade himself t he _h inde$ be5 guilty above all o!r s9n]s4 ,! book ( ,job is an inspir$ prote/ aga9/ ! curr5t !ory ( retribution1 & ! full discussion ( ! "q belongs to ! exposition ( t book4 ,b ! n>rative ( ,*ronicles1 l mu* ,*ur* hi/ory 9 all ages1 is l>gely controll$ by ! controv]sial int]e/s ( ! s*ool f :i* x emanat$4 ,9 ! h&s ( ! *ronicl] ! /ory ( ! k+s ( ,judah is told 9 su* a way t x becomes a polemic aga9/ ! book ( ,job4 ,! tragic & disgraceful dea? ( good k+s pres5t$ a crucial difficulty to ! *ronicl]'s !ology4 ,a good man's o!r mis=tunes might be comp5sat$ = by prosp]ity 9 8 latt] days2 b 9 a !ory ( retribution :i* requir$ a complete satisfaction ( ju/ice 9 ?is life !re c\ld be no comp5sation = a di%on\rable dea?4 ,h5ce ! *ronicl]'s anxiety to record any lapses ( good k+s 9 _! latt] days4 ,! criticism & correction ( ?is doctr9e belongs1 z we h said1 to ! exposition ( ! book ( ,job4 ,"h we are r conc]n$ to discov] ! p]man5t tru? ( :i* ! !ory is at once an imp]fect & exagg]at$ expression4 ,to beg9 )1 !re are s9s :i* br+ ^u ! transgressor a swift1 obvi\s1 & dramatic puni%m5t4 ,human law deals ?us ) "s s9s2 ! laws ( heal? visit o!rs ) a simil> sev]ity2 at times ! ,div9e judgm5t /rikes d[n m5 & nations be=e an awe-/rick5 _w4 ,among/ su* judgm5ts we might reckon ! puni%m5ts ( royal s9s s frequ5t 9 ! pages ( ,*ronicles4 ,god's judgm5ts are n usually s imm$iate & manife/1 b ^! /rik+ in/ances illu/rate & en=ce ! c]ta9 consequ5ces ( s94 ,we are deal+ n[ ) cases 9 :i* ,god 0 set at n\ght2 &1 ap>t f ,div9e grace1 ! vot>ies ( s9 are b\nd to become its slaves & victims4 ,rusk9 has said1 8,m$ic9e (t5 fails ( its effect1 b poison nev]2 & :ile1 9 summ+ ! obs]vation ( pa/ life n unwat*fully sp5t1 ,i c truly say t ,i h a ?\s& times se5 ,pati5ce disappo9t$ ( h] hope & ,wisdom ( h] aim1 ,i h nev] yet se5 folly fruitless ( mis*ief1 nor vice conclude b 9 calamity407#cfd7 ,n[ t we h be5 br\ght into a full] light & deliv]$ f ! practical dang]s ( ! anci5t ,israelite doctr9e1 we c af=d to =get ! less satisfactory aspects ( ! *ronicl]'s tea*+1 & we mu/ feel grateful to him = en=c+ ! salut>y & necess>y lesson t s9 br+s inevitable puni%m5t1 & t !re=e1 :atev] pres5t appe>ances may sugge/1 8! _w 0 c]ta9ly n fram$ = ! la/+ conv5i5ce ( hypocrites1 lib]t9es1 & oppressors407#cfe7 ,inde$1 ! consequ5ces ( s9 are regul> & exact2 & ! judgm5ts ^u ! k+s ( ,judah 9 ,*ronicles accurately symbolise ! op]ations ( ,div9e discipl9e4 ,b pa91 & ru91 & disgrace are only second>y elem5ts 9 ,god's judgm5ts2 & mo/ (t5 !y are n judgm5ts at all4 ,!y h _! uses z *a/isem5ts2 b if we dwell ^u !m ) too emphatic an insi/5ce1 m5 suppose t pa9 is a worse evil ?an s91 & t s9 is only to be avoid$ because x causes suff]+ to ! s9n]4 ,! really s]i\s consequ5ce ( evil acts is ! =mation & confirmation ( evil "*4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] says 9 8 ,fir/ ,pr9ciples7#cff7 8t motion once set up along any l9e becomes itself a cause ( subsequ5t motion along t l9e40 ,?is is absolutely true 9 moral & spiritual dynamics3 e wrong ?\ght1 feel+1 ^w1 or act1 e failure to ?9k1 feel1 speak1 or act rightly1 at once alt]s a man's "* = ! worse4 ,h5ce=? he w f9d x easi] to s9 & m difficult to d "r2 he has twi/$ ano!r /r& into ! cord ( habit3 & ?\gh ea* may be z f9e z ! ?reads ( a spid]'s web1 9 "t !re w be cords /rong en\gh to h b\nd ,samson be=e ,delilah %av$ (f 8 sev5 locks4 ,?is is ! true puni%m5t ( s93 to lose ! f9e in/9cts1 ! g5]\s impulses1 & ! nobl] ambitions ( manhood1 & become e day m ( a bea/ & a devil4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,jeho%aphat--,! ,doctr9e ,( ,non-,resi/ance4 #b ,*ron4 xvii4-xx4 ,asa 0 succe$$ by 8 son ,jeho%aphat1 & 8 reign began ev5 m auspici\sly7#cfg7 ?an t ( ,asa4 ,! new k+ _h app>5tly tak5 w>n+ f ! mis=tunes ( ,asa's clos+ ye>s2 & z he 0 ?irty-five ye>s old :5 he came to ! ?rone1 he _h be5 tra9$ be=e ,asa fell "u ! ,div9e displeasure4 ,he walk$ 9 ! fir/ ways ( 8 fa!r ,david1 be=e ,david 0 l$ away by ,satan to numb] ,israel4 ,jeho%aphat's he>t 0 lift$ up1 n ) fooli% pride1 l ,hezekiah's1 b 89 ! ways ( ,jehovah40 ,he s\ght ! ,god ( 8 fa!r1 & walk$ 9 ,god's comm&m5ts1 & 0 n l$ a/ray by ! evil example & influ5ce ( ! k+s ( ,israel1 nei!r did he seek ! ,baals4 ,:ile ,asa _h be5 enfeebl$ by illness & ali5at$ f ,jehovah1 ! high places & ! ,a%]im _h sprung up aga9 l a crop ( evil we$s2 b ,jeho%aphat once m remov$ !m4 ,accord+ to ! *ronicl]1 ?is remov+ ( high places 0 a v lab\r ( ,sisyphus3 ! /one 0 no soon] roll$ up to ! top ( ! hill ?an x roll$ d[n aga94 ,jeho%aphat seems to h _h an inkl+ ( ?is2 he felt t ! de/ruction ( idolatr\s sanctu>ies & symbols 0 l m[+ d[n we$s & leav+ ! roots 9 ! soil4 ,accord+ly he made an attempt to deal m radically ) ! evil3 he w\ld take away ! incl9ation z well z ! opportunity = corrupt rites4 ,a commission ( pr9ces1 prie/s1 & ,levites 0 s5t ?r\gh\t all ! cities ( ,judah to in/ruct ! p 9 ! law ( ,jehovah4 ,vice w always f9d opportunities2 x is little use to suppress evil in/itutions unless ! p are educat$ out ( evil prop5sities4 ,if1 = in/ance1 e public-h\se 9 ,engl& 7 clos$ to-morr[1 & !re 7 /ill millions ( ?roats crav+ = dr9k1 drunk5ness w\ld /ill prevail1 & a new adm9i/ration w\ld promptly reop5 g9-%ops4 ,because ! new k+ ?us e>ne/ly & consi/5tly s\ght ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs1 ,jehovah 0 ) him1 & e/abli%$ ! k+dom 9 8 h&4 ,jeho%aphat receiv$ all ! m>ks ( ,div9e fav\r usually be/[$ ^u good k+s4 ,he wax$ great exce$+ly2 he _h _m =tresses1 an imm5se army1 & mu* weal?2 he built ca/les & cities ( /ore2 he _h ars5als = ! supply ( w> mat]ial 9 ! cities ( ,judah4 ,& ^! cities1 toge!r ) o!r def5sible positions & ! bord] cities ( ,ephraim occupi$ by ,judah1 7 held by /rong g>risons4 ,:ile ,david _h cont5t$ himself ) two hundr$ & eighty-eight ?\s& m5 f all ,israel1 & ,abijah _h l$ =? f\r hundr$ ?\s&1 & ,asa five hundr$ & eighty ?\s&1 !re wait$ on ,jeho%aphat1 9 addition to 8 num]\s g>risons1 elev5 hundr$ & sixty ?\s& m54 ,( ^! sev5 hundr$ & eighty ?\s& 7 m5 ( ,judah 9 ?ree divisions1 & ?ree hundr$ & eighty ?\s& 7 ,b5jamites 9 two divisions4 ,probably ! /eady increase ( ! armies ( ,abijah1 ,asa1 & ,jeho%aphat symbolises a proportionate increase ( ,div9e fav\r4 ,! *ronicl] records ! names ( ! capta9s ( ! five divisions4 ,two ( !m are s+l$ out = special comm5dation3 ,eliada ! ,b5jamite is /yl$ 8a mighty man ( val\r10 & ( ! ,jewi% capta9 ,amaziah ! son ( ,zi*ri x is said t he (f]$ ei!r himself or 8 possessions will+ly to ,jehovah1 z ,david & 8 pr9ces _h (f]$1 = ! build+ ( ! ,temple4 ,! dev\t k+ _h dev\t (fic]s4 ,he _h also devot$ subjects4 ,all ,judah br\ght him pres5ts1 s t he _h great ri*es & ample means to su/a9 8 royal p[] & spl5d\r4 ,moreov]1 z 9 ! case ( ,solomon & ,asa1 8 piety 0 rew>d$ ) fre$om f w>3 8,! fe> ( ,jehovah fell ^u all ! k+doms r\nd ab\t1 s t !y made no w> aga9/ ,jeho%aphat40 ,"s ( 8 weak] neighb\rs 7 ov]aw$ by ! spectacle ( 8 great p[]2 ! ,phili/9es br\ght him pres5ts & tribute money1 & ! ,arabians imm5se flocks ( rams & he-goats1 sev5 ?\s& sev5 hundr$ ( ea*4 ,great prosp]ity _h ! usual fatal effect ^u ,jeho%aphat's "*4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 reign he _h /r5g!n$ himself aga9/ ,israel & _h refus$ to walk 9 _! ways2 n[ p[] _h develop$ ambition1 & he s\ght & obta9$ ! hon\r ( m>ry+ 8 son ,jehoram to ,a?aliah ! daught] ( ,ahab1 ! mighty & magnific5t k+ ( ,israel1 possibly also ! daught] ( ! ,phnician pr9cess ,jezebel1 ! devotee ( ,baal4 ,?is family connection ( c\rse impli$ political alliance4 ,aft] a "t ,jeho%aphat w5t d[n to visit 8 new ally1 & 0 hospitably receiv$47#cfh7 ,!n foll[s ! famili> /ory ( ,micaiah ! son ( ,imlah1 ! disa/r\s exp$ition ( ! two k+s1 & ! dea? ( ,ahab1 almo/ exactly z 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,!re is "o significant alt]ation3 bo? n>ratives tell u h[ ! ,syrian capta9s attack$ ,jeho%aphat because !y took him = ! k+ ( ,israel & gave up _! pursuit :5 he cri$ out1 & !y discov]$ _! mi/ake2 b ! *ronicl] adds ! explanation t ,jehovah help$ him & ,god mov$ !m to dep>t f him4 ,& s ! ma/] ( m ?an a million soldi]s 0 happy 9 be+ all[$ to escape on acc\nt ( 8 insignificance1 & return$ 9 peace to ,j]usalem4 ,od$ & ,hanani _h met 8 pr$ecessors on _! return f victory2 n[ ,jehu ! son ( ,hanani7#cfi7 met ,jeho%aphat :5 he came home defeat$4 ,l 8 fa!r1 ! prophet 0 *>g$ ) a message ( rebuke4 ,an alliance ) ! nor!rn k+dom 0 sc>cely less repreh5sible ?an "o ) ,syria3 8,%\lde/ ?\ help ! wick$1 & love !m t hate ,jehovah8 ,jehovah is wro? ) !e40 ,asa's previ\s re=ms 7 n all[$ to mitigate ! sev]ity ( 8 condemnation1 b ,jehovah 0 m m]ciful to ,jeho%aphat4 ,! prophet makes m5tion ( 8 piety & 8 de/ruction ( idolatr\s symbols1 & no fur!r puni%m5t is inflict$ ^u him4 ,! *ronicl]'s addition to ! acc\nt ( ! k+'s escape f ! ,syrian capta9s rem9ds u t ,god /ill wat*es ov] & protects ,8 *ildr5 ev5 :5 !y are 9 ! v act ( s9n+ aga9/ ,him4 ,jehovah knew t ,jeho%aphat's s9ful alliance ) ,ahab did n imply complete revolt & apo/acy4 ,h5ce d\btless ! comp>ative mildness ( ! prophet's repro(4 ,:5 ,jehu's fa!r ,hanani rebuk$ ,asa1 ! k+ flew into a passion1 & ca/ ! prophet into prison2 ,jeho%aphat receiv$ ,jehu's repro( 9 a v diff]5t _s7#cgj73 he rep5t$ himself1 & f\nd a new zeal 9 8 p5it5ce4 ,le>n+ f 8 own exp]i5ce ! pron5ess ( ! human he>t to g a/ray1 he w5t out himself among/ 8 p to br+ !m back to ,jehovah2 & j z ,asa 9 8 apo/acy oppress$ 8 p1 ,jeho%aphat 9 8 r5ew$ loyalty to ,jehovah %[$ himself anxi\s = good gov]nm5t4 ,he provid$ judges 9 all ! wall$ t[ns ( ,judah1 ) a c\rt ( appeal at ,j]usalem2 he solemnly *>g$ !m to rememb] _! responsibility to ,jehovah1 to avoid brib]y1 & n to truckle to ! ri* & p[]ful4 ,be+ !mselves fai?ful to ,jehovah1 !y 7 to inculcate a l ob$i5ce & w>n ! p n to s9 aga9/ ! ,god ( _! fa!rs4 ,jeho%aphat's exhortation to 8 new judges concludes ) a s5t5ce ^: m>tial resonance sugge/s trial by combat r ?an ! peaceful proce$+s ( a law-c\rt3 8,deal c\rage\sly1 & ,jehovah def5d ! "r60 ,! pr9ciple t good gov]nm5t mu/ be a necess>y consequ5ce ( piety 9 ! rul]s has n be5 s uni=mly obs]v$ 9 lat] times z 9 ! pages ( ,*ronicles4 ,! te/imony ( hi/ory on ?is po9t is n altoge!r consi/5t4 ,9 spite ( all ! faults ( ! or?odox & dev\t ,greek emp]ors ,!odosius ! ,great & ,m>cian1 _! adm9i/ration r5d]$ important s]vices to ! empire4 ,alfr$ ! ,great 0 a di/+ui%$ /atesman & w>rior z well z zeal\s = true religion4 ,/4 ,l\is ( ,france ex]cis$ a wise control ov] ,*ur* & /ate4 ,x is true t :5 a woman reproa*$ him 9 op5 c\rt ) be+ a k+ ( fri>s1 ( prie/s1 & ( cl]ks1 & n a true k+ ( ,france1 he repli$ ) sa9tly meekness1 8,y say true6 ,x has pleas$ ! ,"l to make me k+2 x _h be5 well if x _h pleas$ ,him to make "s "o k+ :o _h bett] rul$ ! realm407#cga7 ,b some?+ mu/ be all[$ = ! mode/y ( ! sa9t2 ap>t f 8 un=tunate crusades1 x w\ld h be5 difficult = ,france or ev5 ,europe to h furni%$ a m b5efic5t sov]eign4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,*>lemagne's successor1 ! ,emp]or ,l\is ! ,pi\s1 & our own k+s ,edw>d ! ,confessor & ! sa9tly ,h5ry ,,vi41 7 alike feeble & ineffici5t2 ! zeal ( ! ,spani% k+s & _! k9swoman ,m>y ,tudor is *iefly rememb]$ = its gha/ly cruelty2 & 9 comp>atively rec5t times ! misgov]nm5t ( ! ,/ates ( ! ,*ur* 0 a byword ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,_m causes comb9$ to produce ?is m+l$ record4 ,! "o mo/ cle>ly contr>y to ! *ronicl]'s tea*+ 0 an immoral op9ion t ! ,*ri/ian %\ld cease to be a citiz51 & t ! sa9t has no duties to society4 ,?is view is (t5 consid]$ to be ! special vice ( mona/icism1 b x reappe>s 9 "o =m or ano!r 9 e g5]ation4 ,! failure ( ! adm9i/ration ( ,l\is ! ,pi\s is p>tly expla9$ :5 we read t he 0 ) difficulty prev5t$ f ent]+ a mona/]y4 ,9 our own day !re are ^? :o ?9k t a newspap] %\ld h no int]e/ = a really e>ne/ ,*ri/ian4 ,accord+ to _! ideas1 ,jeho%aphat %\ld h divid$ 8 "t betwe5 a private oratory 9 8 palace & ! public s]vices ( ! ,temple1 & h left 8 k+dom to ! m]cy ( unju/ judges at home & hea!n enemies abroad1 or else h abdicat$ 9 fav\r ( "s k9sman ^: he>t 0 n s p]fect ) ,jehovah4 ,! *ronicl] _h a cle>] insight into ,div9e me?ods1 & ?is doctr9e ( 8 is n "o t has be5 sup]s$$ toge!r ) ! ,mosaic ritual4 ,possibly ! m>tial tone ( ! s5t5ce t concludes ! acc\nt ( ,jeho%aphat z ! ,jewi% ,ju/9ian is due to ! influ5ce ^u ! *ronicl]'s m9d ( ! incid5t7#cgb7 :i* he n[ describes4 ,jeho%aphat's next exp]i5ce 0 p>allel to t ( ,asa ) ,z]ah4 ,:5 8 new re=ms 7 complet$1 he 0 m5ac$ ) a =midable invasion4 ,8 new enemies 7 almo/ z di/ant & /range z ! ,e?iopians & ,lubim :o _h foll[$ ,z]ah4 ,we he> no?+ ab\t any k+ ( ,israel or ,damascus1 ! usual lead]s ( assaults ^u ,judah2 we he> in/ead ( a triple alliance aga9/ ,judah4 ,two ( ! allies are ,moab & ,ammon2 b ! ,jewi% k+s 7 n wont to reg>d ^! z irresi/ible foes1 s t ! extreme dismay :i* takes possession ( k+ & p mu/ be due to ! ?ird ally3 ! 8,meunim407#cgc7 ,! ,meunim we h already met ) 9 connection ) ! exploits ( ! *ildr5 ( ,simeon 9 ! reign ( ,hezekiah2 !y are also m5tion$ 9 ! reign ( ,uzziah17#cgd7 & n[h]e else1 unless inde$ !y are id5tical ) ! ,maonites1 :o are nam$ ) ! ,amalekites 9 ,judges x4 #ab4 ,!y are ?us a p peculi> to ,*ronicles1 & appe> f ?is n>rative to h inhabit$ ,m\nt ,seir1 by :i* t]m 8,meunim0 is replac$ z ! /ory proce$s47#cge7 ,s9ce ! *ronicl] wrote s long aft] ! ev5ts he describes1 we _c attribute to him any v exact k ( political geography4 ,probably ! t]m 8,meunim0 impress$ 8 contempor>ies v mu* z x does a mod]n read]1 & sugge/$ c\ntless hordes ( ,b$\9 plund]]s2 ,josephus calls !m a great army ( ,arabians4 ,?is ho/ ( invad]s came f ,edom1 & hav+ m>*$ r\nd ! s\!rn end ( ! ,dead ,sea1 7 n[ at ,eng$i1 on its we/]n %ore4 ,! ,moabites & ,ammonites might h cross$ ! ,jordan by ! =ds ne> ,j]i*o2 b ?is r\te w\ld n h be5 conv5i5t = _! allies ! ,meunim1 & w\ld h br\ght !m into collision ) ! =ces ( ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,on ?is occasion ,jeho%aphat does n seek any =eign alliance4 ,he does n appeal to ,syria1 l ,asa1 nor does he ask ,ahab's successor to repay 9 k9d ! assi/ance giv5 to ,ahab at ,ramo?-gilead1 p>tly p]haps because !re 0 no "t1 b *iefly because he _h le>nt ! tru? :i* ,hanani _h s\ght to tea* 8 fa!r1 & :i* ,hanani's son _h taught him4 ,he does n ev5 tru/ 9 8 own hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( soldi]s1 all ( :om _c h p]i%$ at ,ramo?-gilead2 8 confid5ce is plac$ solely & absolutely 9 ,jehovah4 ,jeho%aphat & 8 p made no milit>y prep>ations2 subsequ5t ev5ts ju/ifi$ _! app>5t neglect3 none 7 necess>y4 ,jeho%aphat s\ght ,div9e help in/ead1 & proclaim$ a fa/ ?r\gh\t ,judah2 & all ,judah ga!r$ !mselves to ,j]usalem to ask help ( ,jehovah4 ,?is great national assembly met 8be=e ! new c\rt0 ( ! ,temple4 ,! *ronicl]1 :o is supremely int]e/$ 9 ! ,temple build+s1 has told u no?+ ab\t any new c\rt1 nor is x m5tion$ else:]e2 our au?or is probably giv+ ! title ( a correspond+ portion ( ! second ,temple3 ! place :]e ! p assembl$ to meet ,jeho%aphat w\ld be ! great c\rt built by ,solomon47#cgf7 ,"h ,jeho%aphat /ood up z ! spokesman ( ! nation1 & pray$ to ,jehovah on _! behalf & on 8 own4 ,he recalls ! ,div9e omnipot5ce2 ,jehovah is ,god ( e>? & heav51 ,god ( ,israel & ,rul] ( ! hea!n1 & !re=e able to help ev5 9 ?is great em]g5cy3-- 8,o ,jehovah1 ,god ( our fa!rs1 art ,?\ n ,god 9 heav58 ,do/ ,?\ n rule all ! k+doms ( ! hea!n8 ,& 9 ,?y h& is p[] & might1 s t none is able to )/& ,!e40 ,! l& ( ,israel _h be5 ! special gift ( ,jehovah to ,8 p1 9 fulfilm5t ( ,8 anci5t promise to ,abraham3-- 8,did/ n ,?\1 ,o our ,god1 dispossess ! inhabitants ( ?is l& 9 fav\r ( ,?y p ,israel1 & gave/ x to ! se$ ( ,abraham ,?y fri5d = ev]80 ,& n[ long possession _h giv5 ,israel a prescriptive "r to ! ,l& ( ,promise2 & !y _h1 s to speak1 claim$ _! rights 9 ! mo/ =mal & solemn fa%ion by erect+ a temple to ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,moreov]1 ! pray] ( ,solomon at ! d$ication ( ! ,temple _h be5 accept$ by ,jehovah z ! basis ( ,8 cov5ant ) ,israel1 & ,jeho%aphat quotes a clause f t pray] or cov5ant :i* _h expressly provid$ = su* em]g5cies z ! pres5t3-- 8,& !y0 7,israel7 8dwelt 9 ! l&1 & built ,!e !re9 a sanctu>y = ,?y "n1 say+1 ,if evil come ^u u1 ! sword1 judgm5t1 pe/il5ce1 or fam9e1 we w /& be=e ?is h\se & be=e ,!e 7= ,?y "n is 9 ?is h\se71 & cry unto ,!e 9 our affliction2 & ,?\ wilt he> & save407#cgg7 ,moreov]1 ! pres5t invasion 0 n only an attempt to set aside ,jehovah's disposition ( ,pale/9e & ! long-e/abli%$ rights ( ,israel3 x 0 also gross +ratitude1 a base return = ! anci5t =be>ance ( ,israel t[>ds h] pres5t enemies3-- 8,& n[1 behold1 ! *ildr5 ( ,ammon & ,moab & ,m\nt ,seir1 :om ,?\ w\lde/ n let ,israel invade :5 !y came out ( ! l& ( ,egypt1 b !y turn$ aside f !m & de/roy$ !m n--behold h[ !y rew>d u by com+ to dispossess u ( ,?y possession :i* ,?\ ha/ caus$ u to possess40 ,= ?is nef>i\s purpose ! enemies ( ,israel _h come up 9 ov]:elm+ numb]s1 b ,judah 0 confid5t 9 ! ju/ice ( its cause & ! fav\r ( ,jehovah3-- 8,o our ,god1 wilt ,?\ n execute judgm5t aga9/ !m8 = we h no might aga9/ ?is great company t come? aga9/ u1 nei!r "k we :at to d1 b our eyes are ^u ,!e40 ,mean:ile ! great assemblage /ood 9 ! attitude ( supplication be=e ,jehovah1 n a ga!r+ ( mighty m5 ( val\r pray+ = bless+ ^u _! /r5g? & c\rage1 b a mix$ multitude1 m5 & wom51 *ildr5 & infants1 seek+ sanctu>y1 z x 71 at ! ,temple1 & ca/+ !mselves 9 _! extremity ^u ! protect+ c>e ( ,jehovah4 ,possibly :5 ! k+ f9i%$ 8 pray] ! assembly broke out into l\d1 wail+ cries ( dismay & agonis$ entreaty2 b ! sil5ce ( ! n>rative r sugge/s t ,jeho%aphat's /rong1 calm fai? communicat$ itself to ! p1 & !y wait$ quietly = ,jehovah's answ]1 = "s tok5 or promise ( deliv]ance4 ,in/ead ( ! confus$ cries ( an excit$ cr[d1 !re 0 a hu% ( expectancy1 su* z sometimes falls ^u an assembly :5 a great /atesman has ris5 to utt] words :i* w be big ) ! fate ( empires4 ,& ! answ] came1 n by fire f heav5 or any visible sign1 n by voice ( ?und] accompani$ by angelic trumpets1 nor by angel or ar*angel1 b by a famili> voice hi!rto unsuspect$ ( any sup]natural gifts1 by a prophetic utt]ance ^: only cr$5tials 7 giv5 by ! influ5ce ( ! ,_s ^u ! speak] & 8 audi5ce4 ,! *ronicl] relates ) evid5t satisfaction h[1 9 ! mid/ ( t great congregation1 ! ,_s ( ,jehovah came1 n ^u k+1 or prie/1 or ackn[l$g$ prophet1 b ^u a subord9ate m9i/] ( ! ,temple1 a ,levite & memb] ( ! ,temple *oir l himself4 ,he is c>eful to fix ! id5tity ( ?is newly call$ prophet & to gratify ! family pride ( exi/+ ,levitical families by giv+ ! prophet's g5ealogy = sev]al g5]ations4 ,he 0 ,jahaziel ! son ( ,ze*>iah1 ! son ( ,b5aiah1 ! son ( ,jeiel1 ! son ( ,mattaniah1 ( ! sons ( ,asaph4 ,! v names 7 enc\rag+4 ,:at m suitable names c\ld be f\nd = a mess5g] ( ,div9e m]cy ?an ,jahaziel--8,god gives prophetic vision0--! son ( ,ze*>iah--8,jehovah rememb]s08 ,jahaziel's message %[$ t ,jeho%aphat's pray] _h be5 accept$2 ,jehovah respond$ )\t res]ve to ! confid5ce repos$ 9 ,him3 ,he w\ld v9dicate ,8 own au?ority by deliv]+ ,judah2 ,jeho%aphat %\ld h bless$ pro( ( ! imm5se sup]iority ( simple tru/ 9 ,jehovah ov] an alliance ) ,ahab or ! k+ ( ,damascus4 ,twice ! prophet exhorts ! k+ & p 9 ! v words t ,jehovah _h us$ to enc\rage ,jo%ua :5 ! dea? ( ,moses _h ?r[n ^u him all ! heavy responsibilities ( lead]%ip3 8,fe> n1 nor be dismay$40 ,!y ne$ no long] cl+ l fright5$ suppliants to ! sanctu>y1 b are to g =? at once1 ! v next day1 aga9/ ! enemy4 ,t !y may lose no "t 9 look+ = !m1 ,jehovah ann\nces ! exact spot :]e ! enemy are to be f\nd3 8,behold1 !y are com+ by ! asc5t ( ,hazziz17#cgh7 & ye %all f9d !m at ! end ( ! rav9e be=e ! wild]ness ( ,j]uel40 ,?is topographical description 0 d\btless p]fectly intelligible to ! *ronicl]'s contempor>ies1 b x is no long] possible to fix exactly ! locality ( ,hazziz or ,j]uel4 ,! asc5t ( ,hazziz has be5 id5tifi$ ) ! ,wady ,husasa1 :i* leads up f ! coa/ ( ! ,dead ,sea nor? ( ,eng$i1 9 ! direction ( ,tekoa2 b ! id5tification is by no means c]ta94 ,! g5]al situation1 h[ev]1 is fairly cle>3 ! alli$ invad]s w\ld come up f ! coa/ into ! highl&s ( ,judah by "o ( ! wadies lead+ inl&2 !y 7 to be met by ,jeho%aphat & 8 p on "o ( ! 8wild]nesses10 or plateaus ( pa/ure-l&1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,tekoa4 ,b ! ,jews w5t =?1 n z an army1 b 9 ord] to be ! passive spectators ( a great manife/ation ( ! p[] ( ,jehovah4 ,!y _h no conc]n ) ! numb]s & pr[ess ( _! enemies2 ,jehovah ,himself w\ld lay b>e ,8 mighty arm1 & ,judah %\ld see t no =eign ally1 no millions ( native w>riors1 7 necess>y = _! salvation3 8,ye %all n ne$ to fight 9 ?is battle2 take up y\r position1 /& /ill & see ! deliv]ance ( ,jehovah ) y1 ,o ,judah & ,j]usalem40 ,?us _h ,moses address$ ,israel on ! eve ( ! passage ( ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,jeho%aphat & 8 p own$ & hon\r$ ! ,div9e message z if ,jahaziel 7 ano!r ,moses2 !y pro/rat$ !mselves on ! gr\nd be=e ,jehovah4 ,! sons ( ,asaph _h already be5 privileg$ to provide ,jehovah ) ,8 prophet2 ^! ,asaphites repres5t$ ! ,levitical clan ( ,g]%om3 b n[ ! ,koha?ites1 ) _! guild ( s+]s1 ! sons ( ,korah1 8/ood up to praise ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 ) an exce$+ l\d voice10 z ! ,levites sang :5 ! f\ndations ( ! second ,temple 7 laid1 & :5 ,ezra & ,nehemiah made ! p ent] into a new cov5ant ) _! ,god4 ,accord+ly on ! morr[ ! p rose e>ly 9 ! morn+ & w5t out to ! wild]ness ( ,tekoa1 t5 or twelve miles s\? ( ,j]usalem4 ,9 anci5t times g5]als 7 wont to make a set spee* to _! armies be=e !y l$ !m into battle1 s ,jeho%aphat addresses 8 subjects z !y pass out be=e him4 ,he does n seek to make !m confid5t 9 _! own /r5g? & pr[ess2 he does n inflame _! passions aga9/ ,moab & ,ammon1 nor exhort !m to be brave & rem9d !m t !y fight ?is day = ! a%es ( _! fa!rs & ! temple ( _! ,god4 ,su* an address w\ld h be5 entirely out ( place1 because ! ,jews 7 n go+ to fight at all4 ,jeho%aphat only bids !m h fai? 9 ,jehovah & ,8 prophets4 ,x is a curi\s anticipation ( ,paul9e tea*+4 ,judah is to be 8sav$ by fai?0 f ,moab & ,ammon1 z ! ,*ri/ian is deliv]$ by fai? f s9 & its p5alty4 ,! incid5t might almo/ seem to h be5 record$ 9 ord] to illu/rate ! tru? t ,/4 ,paul 0 to tea*4 ,x is /range t !re is no ref]5ce to ?is *apt] 9 ! epi/les ( ,/4 ,paul & ,/4 ,james1 & t ! au?or ( ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews does n rem9d u h[ 8by fai? ,jeho%aphat 0 deliv]$ f ,moab & ,ammon40 ,!re is no "q ( milit>y ord]1 no ref]5ce to ! five great divisions into :i* ! armies ( ,judah & ,b5jam9 are divid$ 9 *ap4 xvii4 ,"h1 z at ,j]i*o1 ! capta9 ( ,israel is *iefly conc]n$ to provide musicians to lead 8 army4 ,:5 ,david 0 arrang+ = ! musical s]vices be=e ! ,ark1 he took c\nsel ) 8 capta9s4 ,9 ?is unique milit>y exp$ition !re is no m5tion ( capta9s2 !y 7 n necess>y1 & if !y 7 pres5t1 !re 0 no opportunity = !m to %[ _! skill & pr[ess 9 battle4 ,9 an ev5 m democratic _s ,jeho%aphat takes c\nsel ) ! p--t is1 probably makes "s proposition1 :i* is accept$ ) univ]sal acclamation4 ,! ,levitical s+]s1 dress$ 9 ! spl5did robes7#cgi7 9 :i* !y (ficiat$ at ! ,temple1 7 appo9t$ to g be=e ! p1 & (f] praises unto ,jehovah1 & s+ ! an!m1 8,give ?anks unto ,jehovah1 = ,8 m]cy endure? = ev]40 ,^! words or _! equival5t are ! op5+ words1 & ! second clause ! refra91 ( ! po/-,exilic ,psalms3 cvi41 cvii41 cxviii41 & cxxxvi4 ,z ! *ronicl] has already ascrib$ ,psalm cvi4 to ,david1 he possibly ascribes all f\r to ,david1 & int5ds u to und]/& t "o or all ( !m 7 sung by ! ,levites on ?is occasion4 ,lat] ,judaism 0 9 ! habit ( d5ot+ a book or section ( a book by its op5+ words4 ,& s ,judah1 a pilgrim c>avan r ?an an army1 w5t on to its ,div9ely appo9t$ try/ ) its enemies1 & at its head ! ,levitical *oir sang ! ,temple hymns4 ,x 0 n a campaign1 b a sacr$ function1 on a mu* l>g] scale a procession su* z may be se5 w9d+ its way1 ) *ants & inc5se1 bann]s1 images1 & crucifixes1 ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,ca?olic cities4 ,mean:ile ,jehovah 0 prep>+ a spectacle to gladd5 ! eyes ( ,8 p & rew>d _! implicit fai? & exact ob$i5ce2 ,he 0 work+ = ^? :o 7 wait+ = ,him4 ,?\gh ,judah 0 /ill f> f its enemies1 yet1 l ! trumpet at ,j]i*o1 ! /ra9 ( praise & ?anksgiv+ 0 ! signal = ! ,div9e int]v5tion3 8,:5 !y began to s+ & praise1 ,jehovah set li]s 9 wait aga9/ ! *ildr5 ( ,ammon1 ,moab1 & ,m\nt ,seir40 ,:o 7 ^! li]s 9 wait8 ,!y c\ld n be m5 ( ,judah3 !y 7 n to fight1 b to be passive spectators ( _! own deliv]ance4 ,did ! allies set an ambu% = ,judah1 & 0 x ?us t !y 7 aft]w>ds l$ to mi/ake _! own p = enemies8 ,or does ! *ronicl] int5d u to und]/& t ^! 8li]s 9 wait0 7 spirits2 t ! alli$ invad]s 7 trick$ & bewild]$ l ! %ipwreck$ sailors 9 ! ,tempe/2 or t :5 !y came to ! wild]ness ( ,j]uel !re fell ^u !m a _s ( mutual di/ru/1 jeal\sy1 & hatr$1 t _h1 z x 71 be5 wait+ = !m !re8 ,b1 f :atev] cause1 a qu>rel broke out among/ !m2 & !y 7 smitt54 ,:5 ,ammonite1 ,moabite1 & ,edomite met1 !re 7 _m private & public feuds wait+ _! opportunity2 & su* conf$]ates 7 z ready to qu>rel among !mselves z a gr\p ( ,highl& clans engag$ 9 a ,l[l& =ay4 8,ammon & ,moab /ood up aga9/ ! inhabitants ( ,m\nt ,seir utt]ly to slay & de/roy !m40 ,b ev5 ,ammon & ,moab soon dissolv$ _! alliance2 & at la/1 p>tly madd5$ by panic1 p>tly intoxicat$ by a wild ?ir/ = blood1 a v ,b]s]k] fr5zy1 all ties ( fri5d%ip & k9dr$ 7 =gott51 & e man's h& 0 aga9/ 8 bro!r4 8,:5 !y _h made an end ( ! inhabitants ( ,seir1 e "o help$ to de/roy ano!r40 ,:ile ?is trag$y 0 enact+1 & ! air 0 r5t ) ! cruel yells ( t dea? /ruggle1 ,jeho%aphat & 8 p mov$ on 9 tranquil pilgrimage to ! *e]ful s\nd ( ! songs ( ,zion4 ,at la/ !y rea*$ an em95ce1 p]haps ! long1 l[ summit ( "s ridge ov]look+ ! plateau ( ,j]uel4 ,:5 !y _h ga9$ ?is wat*t[] ( ! wild]ness1 ! gha/ly sc5e bur/ ^u _! gaze4 ,jehovah _h kept ,8 ^w3 !y _h f\nd _! enemy4 ,!y 8look$ ^u ! multitude10 all ^? hordes ( hea!n tribes t _h fill$ !m ) t]ror & dismay4 ,!y 7 h>mless en\gh n[3 ! ,jews saw no?+ b 8dead bodies fall5 to ! e>?02 & 9 t ,aceldama lay all ! multitude ( pr(ane invad]s :o _h d>$ to violate ! sanctity ( ! ,promis$ ,l&3 8,!re 7 none t escap$40 ,s _h ,israel look$ back aft] cross+ ! ,r$ ,sea & se5 ! corpses ( ! ,egyptians wa%$ up on ! %ore47#chj7 ,s :5 ! angel ( ,jehovah smote ,s5na*]ib1-- 8,l ! leaves ( ! =e/ :5 autumn ha? bl[n1 ,t ho/ on ! morr[ lay )]$ & /r[n40 ,!re is no t\* ( pity = ! wret*$ victims ( _! own s9s4 ,greeks ( e city & tribe c\ld feel ! pa?os ( ! tragic end ( ! ,a!nian exp$ition aga9/ ,syracuse2 b ! ,jews _h no ru? = ! k9dr$ tribes t dwelt along _! fronti]1 & ! age ( ! *ronicl] _h n yet le>nt t ,jehovah _h ei!r t5d]ness or compassion = ! enemies ( ,israel4 ,! spectators ( ?is c>nage--we _c call !m victors--did n neglect to pr(it to ! utmo/ by _! great opportunity4 ,!y sp5t ?ree days 9 /ripp+ ! dead bodies2 & z ,ori5tals delight 9 jewell$ weapons & co/ly g>m5ts1 & _! *iefs take ! field ) b>b>ic o/5tation ( weal?1 ! spoil 0 bo? valuable & abundant3 8ri*es1 & raim5t17#cha7 & preci\s jewels1 444 m ?an !y c\ld c>ry away40 ,9 collect+ ! spoil1 ! ,jews _h become disp]s$ ?r\gh all ! wide area ov] :i* ! fight+ betwe5 ! conf$]ates mu/ h ext5d$2 b on ! f\r? day !y ga!r$ toge!r aga9 9 a neighb\r+ valley & gave solemn ?anks = _! deliv]ance3 8,!re !y bless$ ,jehovah2 !re=e ! "n ( t place 0 call$ ! valley ( ,b]a*ah unto ?is day40 ,we/ ( ,tekoa17#chb7 n too f> f ! sc5e ( c>nage1 a ru9 & a wady /ill be> ! "n 8,b]eikut02 & d\btless 9 ! *ronicl]'s "t ! valley 0 call$ ,b]a*ah1 & local tradition furni%$ our au?or ) ?is explanation ( ! orig9 ( ! "n4 ,:5 ! spoil 0 all collect$1 !y return$ to ,j]usalem z !y came1 9 solemn procession1 head$1 no d\bt1 by ! ,levites1 ) psalt]ies1 & h>ps1 & trumpets4 ,!y came back to ! sc5e ( _! anxi\s supplications3 to ! h\se ( ,jehovah4 ,b ye/]day1 z x 71 !y _h assembl$ be=e ,jehovah1 t]ror-/rick5 at ! report ( an irresi/ible ho/ ( invad]s2 & to-day _! enemies 7 utt]ly de/roy$4 ,!y _h exp]i5c$ a deliv]ance t might rank ) ! ,exodus2 & z at t =m] deliv]ance !y _h spoil$ ! ,egyptians1 s n[ !y _h return$ lad5 ) ! plund] ( ,moab1 ,ammon1 & ,edom4 ,& all _! neighb\rs 7 smitt5 ) fe> :5 !y he>d ( ! awful ru9 :i* ,jehovah _h br\ght ^u ^! enemies ( ,israel4 ,no "o w\ld d>e to invade a c\ntry :]e ,jehovah laid a gho/ly ambu% ( li]s 9 wait = ! enemies ( ,8 p4 ,! realm ( ,jeho%aphat 0 quiet1 n because he 0 protect$ by p[]ful allies or by ! swords ( 8 num]\s & valiant soldi]s1 b because ,judah _h become ano!r ,ed51 & *]ubim ) flam+ swords gu>d$ ! fronti] on e h&1 & 88 ,god gave him re/ r\nd ab\t40 ,!n foll[ ! regul> summ>y & conclusion ( ! hi/ory ( ! reign tak5 f ! book ( ,k+s1 ) ! usual alt]ations 9 ! ref]5ce to fur!r s\rces ( in=mation4 ,we are told "h1 9 direct contradiction to xvii4 #f & to ! :ole t5or ( ! previ\s *apt]s1 t ! high places 7 n tak5 away1 ano!r illu/ration ( ! slight importance ! *ronicl] atta*$ to accuracy 9 details4 ,he ei!r ov]looks ! contradiction betwe5 passages borr[$ f diff]5t s\rces1 or else does n ?9k x wor? :ile to h>monise 8 inconsi/5t mat]ials4 ,b aft] ! n>rative ( ! reign is ?us =mally clos$ ! *ronicl] ins]ts a po/script1 p]haps by a k9d ( aft]-?\ght4 ,! book ( ,k+s n>rates7#chc7 h[ ,jeho%aphat made %ips to g to ,ophir = gold1 b !y 7 brok5 at ,ezion-geb]2 !n ,ahaziah ! son ( ,ahab propos$ to ent] into p>tn]%ip ) ,jeho%aphat1 & ! latt] reject$ 8 proposal4 ,z we h se51 ! *ronicl]'s !ory ( retribution requir$ "s reason :y s pi\s a k+ exp]i5c$ mis=tune4 ,:at s9 _h ,jeho%aphat committ$ to des]ve to h 8 %ips brok58 ,! *ronicl] has a new v]sion ( ! /ory1 :i* provides an answ] to ?is "q4 ,jeho%aphat did n build any %ips by himself2 8 un=tunate navy 0 con/ruct$ 9 p>tn]%ip ) ,ahaziah2 & accord+ly ! prophet ,eliez] rebuk$ him = ally+ himself a second "t ) a wick$ k+ ( ,israel1 & ann\nc$ ! com+ wreck ( ! %ips4 ,& s x came ab\t t ! %ips 7 brok51 & ! %ad[ ( ,div9e displeasure re/$ on ! la/ days ( ,jeho%aphat4 ,we h next to notice ! *ronicl]'s mo/ important omissions4 ,! book ( ,k+s n>rates ano!r alliance ( ,jeho%aphat ) ,jehoram1 k+ ( ,israel1 l 8 alliances ) ,ahab & ,ahaziah4 ,! n>rative ( ?is incid5t closely resembles t ( ! e>li] jo9t exp$ition to ,ramo?-gilead4 ,z !n ,jeho%aphat m>*$ out ) ,ahab1 s n[ he accompanies ,ahab's son ,jehoram1 tak+ ) him 8 subject ally ! k+ ( ,edom4 ,"h also a prophet appe>s ^u ! sc5e2 b on ?is occasion ,eli%a addresses no rebuke to ,jeho%aphat = 8 alliance ) ,israel1 b treats him ) m>k$ respect3 & ! alli$ army w9s a great victory4 ,if ?is n>rative _h be5 includ$ 9 ,*ronicles1 ! reign ( ,jeho%aphat w\ld n h af=d$ an altoge!r satisfactory illu/ration ( ! ma9 lesson :i* ! *ronicl] int5d$ x to tea*4 ,?is ma9 lesson 0 t ! *os5 p %\ld n look = protection aga9/ _! enemies ei!r to =eign alliances or to _! own milit>y /r5g?1 b solely to ! grace & omnipot5ce ( ,jehovah4 ,"o negative aspect ( ?is pr9ciple has be5 en=c$ by ! condemnation ( ,asa's alliance ) ,syria & ,jeho%aphat's ) ,ahab & ,ahaziah4 ,lat] on ! uselessness ( an army ap>t f ,jehovah is %[n 9 ! defeat ( 8! great ho/0 ( ,joa% by 8a small company0 ( ,syrians47#chd7 ,! positive aspect has be5 p>tially illu/rat$ by ! signal victories ( ,abijah & ,asa aga9/ ov]:elm+ odds & )\t ! help ( any =eign allies4 ,b ^! 7 p>tial & unsatisfactory illu/rations3 ,jehovah v\*saf$ to %>e ! glory ( ^! victories ) great armies t 7 numb]$ by ! hundr$ ?\s&4 ,& aft] all1 ! odds 7 n s v ov]:elm+4 ,scores ( p>allels may be f\nd 9 :i* ! odds 7 mu* great]4 ,9 ! case ( va/ ,ori5tal ho/s a sup]iority ( two to "o might easily be c\nt]balanc$ by discipl9e & val\r 9 ! small] army4 ,! peculi> value to ! *ronicl] ( ! deliv]ance f ,moab1 ,ammon1 & ! ,meunim lay 9 ! fact t no human arm divid$ ! glory ) ,jehovah4 ,x 0 %[n conclusively n m]ely t ,judah c\ld safely be cont5t$ ) an army small] ?an ^? ( its neighb\rs1 b t ,judah w\ld be equally safe ) no army at all4 ,we feel t ?is lesson is taught ) add$ =ce :5 we rememb] t ,jeho%aphat _h a l>g] army ?an is ascrib$ to any ,israelite or ,jewi% k+ aft] ,david4 ,yet he places no confid5ce 9 8 elev5 hundr$ & sixty ?\s& w>riors1 & he is n all[$ to make any use ( !m4 ,9 ! case ( a k+ ) small milit>y res\rces1 to tru/ 9 ,jehovah might be m]ely mak+ a virtue ( necessity2 b if ,jeho%aphat1 ) 8 imm5se army1 felt t 8 only real help 0 9 8 ,god1 ! example furni%$ an =tiori argum5t :i* w\ld conclusively %[ t x 0 always ! duty & privilege ( ! ,jews to say ) ! ,psalmi/1 8,"s tru/ 9 *>iots1 & "s 9 horses2 b we w rememb] ! "n ( ,jehovah our ,god407#che7 ,! anci5t lit]ature ( ,israel furni%$ o!r illu/rations ( ! pr9ciple3 at ! ,r$ ,sea ! ,israelites _h be5 deliv]$ )\t any ex]cise ( _! own w>like pr[ess2 at ,j]i*o1 z at ,j]uel1 ! enemy _h be5 completely ov]?r[n by ,jehovah be=e ,8 p ru%$ ^u ! spoil2 & ! same direct ,div9e int]v5tion sav$ ,j]usalem f ,s5na*]ib4 ,b ! lat] hi/ory ( ! ,jews _h be5 a s]ies ( illu/rations ( en=c$ dep5d5ce ^u ,jehovah4 ,a little semi-ecclesia/ical community inhabit+ a small prov9ce t pass$ f "o great p[] to ano!r l a c\nt] 9 ! game ( int]national politics _h no *oice b to tru/ 9 ,jehovah1 if x 7 9 any way to ma9ta9 its self-respect4 ,= ?is community ( ! second ,temple to h _h confid5ce 9 its sword & b[ w\ld h seem$ equally absurd to ! ,jews & to _! ,p]sian & ,greek ma/]s4 ,:5 !y 7 ?us helpless1 ,jehovah wr\ght = ,israel1 z ,he _h de/roy$ ! enemies ( ,jeho%aphat 9 ! wild]ness ( ,j]uel4 ,! ,jews /ood /ill & saw ! work+ out ( _! deliv]ance2 great empires wre/l$ toge!r l ,moab1 ,ammon1 & ,edom1 9 ! agony ( ! dea? /ruggle3 & ov] all ! tumult ( battle ,israel he>d ! voice ( ,jehovah1 8,! battle is n y\rs1 b ,god's2 444 set y\rselves1 /& ye /ill1 & see ! deliv]ance ( ,jehovah ) y1 ,o ,judah & ,j]usalem40 ,be=e _! eyes !re pass$ ! sc5es ( t great drama :i* = a "t gave ,we/]n ,asia ,aryan in/ead ( ,semitic ma/]s4 ,= !m ! :ole action _h b "o mean+3 )\t call+ ,israel into ! field1 ,jehovah 0 devot+ to de/ruction ! enemies ( ,8 p & op5+ up a way = ,8 r$eem$ to return1 l ,jeho%aphat's procession1 to ! ,holy ,city & ! ,temple4 ,! long s]ies ( w>s became a wag] ( battle1 9 :i* ,israel1 h]self a passive spectator1 appe>$ by h] ,div9e ,*ampion2 & ! assur$ issue 0 h] triumphant v9dication & re/oration to h] anci5t ?rone 9 ,zion4 ,aft] ! ,re/oration ,god's protect+ provid5ce ask$ no arm$ assi/ance f ,judah4 ,! m&ates ( a di/ant c\rt au?oris$ ! rebuild+ ( ! ,temple & ! =tify+ ( ! city4 ,! ,jews solac$ _! national pride & f\nd consolation = _! weakness & subjection 9 ! ?\ght t _! o/5sible ma/]s 7 9 reality only ! in/rum5ts :i* ,jehovah us$ to provide = ! security & prosp]ity ( ,8 *ildr54 ,we h already notic$ t ?is philosophy ( hi/ory is n peculi> to ,israel4 ,e nation has a simil> sy/em1 & reg>ds its own int]e/s z ! supreme c>e ( ,provid5ce4 ,we h se51 too1 t moral influ5ces h controll$ & *eckmat$ mat]ial =ces2 ,god has f\ght aga9/ ! bigge/ battalions4 ,simil>ly ! ,jews are n ! only p = :om deliv]ances h be5 work$ out almo/ )\t any co-op]ation on _! own "p4 ,x 0 n a negro revolt1 = in/ance1 t set free ! slaves ( our colonies or ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,italy rega9$ h] ,et]nal ,city z an incid5tal effect ( a great w> 9 :i* %e h]self took no "p4 ,important political movem5ts & great /ruggles involve consequ5ces equally un=ese5 & un9t5d$ by ! *ief actors 9 ^! dramas1 consequ5ces :i* w\ld seem to !m insignificant comp>$ ) m obvi\s results4 ,"s obscure nation almo/ ready to p]i% is giv5 a respite1 a brea?+ space1 9 :i* x ga!rs /r5g?2 in/ead ( los+ its sep>ate exi/5ce1 x endures till "t & opportunity make x "o ( ! rul+ influ5ces 9 ! _w's hi/ory3 "s ,g5eva or ,witt5b]g becomes1 j at ! "r "t1 a secure refuge & vantage-gr\nd = "o ( ! ,"l's prophets4 ,our und]/&+ ( :at ,god is do+ 9 our "t & our hopes = :at ,he may yet d w inde$ be small1 if we ?9k t ,god c d no?+ = our cause unless our bann] flies 9 ! =efront ( ! battle1 & ! w>-cry is 8,! sword ( ,gideon60 z well z 8,! sword ( ,jehovah60 ,!re w be _m battles f\ght 9 :i* we %all /rike no bl[ & yet be privileg$ to divide ! spoil4 ,we sometimes 8/& /ill & see ! salvation ( ,jehovah40 ,! *ronicl] has f\nd disciples 9 ^! latt] days ( a k9dli] _s & m ca?olic sympa?ies4 ,he & !y h rea*$ _! common doctr9es by diff]5t pa?s1 b ! *ronicl] tea*es non-resi/ance z cle>ly z ! ,society ( ,fri5ds4 8,:5 y h fully yield$ y\rself to ! ,div9e tea*+10 he says1 8y w nei!r fight y\rself nor ask o!rs to fight = y2 y w simply /& /ill & wat* a ,div9e provid5ce protect+ y & de/roy+ y\r enemies40 ,! ,fri5ds c\ld almo/ e*o ?is tea*+1 n p]haps lay+ q s mu* /ress on ! de/ruction ( ! enemy1 ?\gh among ! visions ( ! e>li] ,fri5ds !re 7 _m t reveal$ ! com+ judgm5ts ( ! ,"l2 & ! mod]n en?usia/ is /ill apt to consid] t 8 enemies1 are ! ,"l's enemies & to call ! gratification ( 8 own rev5geful _s a v9dicat+ ( ! hon\r ( ! ,"l & a satisfaction ( outrag$ ju/ice4 ,if ! *ronicl] _h liv$ to-day1 ! hi/ory ( ! ,society ( ,fri5ds might h furni%$ him ) illu/rations almo/ z apt z ! de/ruction ( ! alli$ invad]s ( ,judah4 ,he w\ld h rejoic$ to tell u h[ a p t repudiat$ any resort to viol5ce succe$$ 9 conciliat+ savage tribes & f\nd+ ! fl\ri%+ colony ( ,p5nsylvania1 & w\ld h se5 ! h& ( ! ,"l 9 ! weal? & hon\r t h be5 accord$ to a once despis$ & p]secut$ sect4 ,we %\ld be pass+ to matt]s t 7 /ill beyond ! *ronicl]'s horizon1 if we 7 to connect 8 tea*+ ) our ,"l's injunction1 8,:osoev] %all smite !e on ?y "r *eek1 turn to him ! o!r also40 ,su* a s5tim5t sc>cely h>monises ) ! ?ree days' /ripp+ ( dead bodies 9 ! wild]ness ( ,j]uel4 ,b ?\gh ! *ronicl]'s motives = non-resi/ance 7 n t\*$ & s(t5$ ) ! ,div9e g5tl5ess ( ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 & 8 object 0 n to p]suade 8 he>]s to pati5t endurance ( wrong1 yet he _h conceiv$ ! possibility ( a mighty fai? t c\ld put its =tunes unres]v$ly into ! h&s ( ,god & tru/ ,him ) ! issues4 ,if we are ev] to be wor?y citiz5s ( ! k+dom ( our ,"l1 x c only be by ! su/a9+ p[] & inspir+ influ5ce ( a l fai?4 ,:5 we come to ask h[ f> ! p = :om he wrote respond$ to 8 tea*+ & c>ri$ x into practical life1 we are met ) "o ( ! _m in/ances ( ! grim irony ( hi/ory4 ,probably ! *ronicl]'s gl[+ vision ( peaceful security1 gu>d$ on e h& by legions ( angels1 0 p>tly inspir$ by ! comp>ative prosp]ity ( ! "t at :i* he wrote4 ,o!r consid]ations comb9e ) ?is to sugge/ t ! composition ( 8 "w beguil$ ! happy leisure ( "o ( ! bright] int]vals betwe5 ,ezra & ! ,maccabees4 ,circum/ances 7 soon to te/ ! read9ess ( ! ,jews1 9 times ( national dang]1 to obs]ve ! attitude ( passive spectators & wait = a ,div9e deliv]ance4 ,x 0 n altoge!r 9 ?is _s t ! prie/s met ! savage p]secutions ( ,antio*us4 ,!y made no va9 attempts to exorcise ?is evil _s ) hymns1 & psalt]ies1 & h>ps1 & trumpets2 b ! prie/ ,matta?ias & 8 sons slew ! k+'s commission] & rais$ ! /&>d ( arm$ revolt4 ,we d inde$ f9d indications ( some?+ l ob$i5ce to ! *ronicl]'s pr9ciples4 ,a body ( ! revolt$ ,jews 7 attack$ on ! ,sabba? ,day2 !y made no attempt to def5d !mselves3 8,:5 !y gave !m battle ) all spe$1 !y answ]$ !m n1 nei!r ca/ !y a /one at !m1 nor /opp$ ! places :]e !y lay hid1 444 & _! enemies rose up aga9/ !m on ! sabba?1 & slew !m1 ) _! wives1 & _! *ildr51 & _! cattle1 to ! numb] ( a ?\s& p407#chf7 ,no ,div9e int]v5tion rew>d$ ?is devot$ fai?1 nor app>5tly did ! ,jews expect x1 = !y _h said1 8,let u die all 9 our innoc5cy2 heav5 & e>? %all te/ify = u t ye put u to dea? wrongfully40 ,?is is1 aft] all1 a high] note ?an t ( ,*ronicles3 ob$i5ce may n br+ inv>iable rew>d2 nev]!less ! fai?ful w n sw]ve f _! loyalty4 ,b ! prie/ly lead]s ( ! p look$ ) no fav\rable eye ^u ?is (f]+ up ( human hecatombs 9 hon\r ( ! sanctity ( ! ,sabba?4 ,!y 7 n prep>$ to die passively2 &1 z repres5tatives ( ,jehovah & ( ! nation = ! "t be+1 !y decre$ t h5ce=? !y w\ld fight aga9/ ^? :o attack$ !m1 ev5 on ! ,sabba? ,day4 ,w>f>e on ^! m secul> pr9ciples 0 cr[n$ ) t visible success :i* ! *ronicl] reg>d$ z ! manife/ sign ( ,div9e approval2 & a dyna/y ( royal prie/s fill$ ! ?rone & l$ ! armies ( ,israel1 & assur$ & /r5g!n$ _! au?ority by intrigues & alliances ) e hea!n sov]eign )9 _! rea*4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,jehoram1 ,ahaziah1 & ,a?aliah3 ,! ,consequ5ces ( a ,=eign ,m>riage4 #b ,*ron4 xxi4-xxiii4 ,! accession ( ,jehoram is "o ( ! in/ances 9 :i* a wick$ son succe$$ to a conspicu\sly pi\s fa!r1 b 9 ?is case !re is no difficulty 9 expla9+ ! ph5om5on3 ! deprav$ "* & evil de$s ( ,jehoram1 ,ahaziah1 & ,a?aliah are at once acc\nt$ = :5 we rememb] t !y 7 respectively ! son-9-law1 gr&son1 & daught] ( ,ahab1 & possibly ( ,jezebel4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ,jezebel 7 really ! "m ( ,a?aliah1 x is difficult to believe t ! *ronicl] und]/ood or at any rate realis$ ! fact4 ,9 ! books ( ,ezra & ,nehemiah ! *ronicl] lays great /ress ^u ! iniquity & inexp$i5cy ( m>riage ) /range wives1 & he has be5 c>eful to ins]t a note into ! hi/ory ( ,jeho%aphat to call att5tion to ! fact t ! k+ ( ,judah _h jo9$ aff9ity ) ,ahab4 ,if he _h und]/ood t ?is impli$ jo9+ aff9ity ) a ,phnician devotee ( ,baal1 ?is significant fact w\ld n h be5 pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce4 ,moreov]1 ! names ,a?aliah & ,ahaziah are bo? comp\nd$ ) ! sacr$ "n ,jehovah4 ,a ,phnician ,baal-wor%ipp] may v well h be5 suffici5tly eclectic to make su* use ( ! "n sacr$ to ! family into :i* %e m>ri$1 b on ! :ole ^? names r tell aga9/ ! desc5t ( _! own]s f ,jezebel & h] ,zidonian ance/ors4 ,we h se5 t1 aft] giv+ ! conclud+ =mula = ! reign ( ,jeho%aphat1 ! *ronicl] adds a po/script n>rat+ an incid5t discr$itable to ! k+4 ,simil>ly he prefaces ! introductory =mula = ! reign ( ,jehoram by ins]t+ a cruel de$ ( ! new k+4 ,be=e tell+ u ,jehoram's age at 8 accession & ! l5g? ( 8 reign1 ! *ronicl] relates7#chg7 ! /eps tak5 by ,jehoram to secure himself ^u 8 ?rone4 ,jeho%aphat1 l ,rehoboam1 _h dispos$ ( 8 num]\s sons 9 ! f5c$ cities ( ,judah1 & _h s\ght to make !m quiet & cont5t$ by provid+ l>gely = _! mat]ial welf>e3 8,_! fa!r gave !m great gifts3 silv]1 gold1 & preci\s ?+s1 ) f5c$ cities 9 ,judah40 ,! sangu9e judgm5t ( pat]nal affection might expect t ^! gifts w\ld make 8 y\ng] sons loyal & devot$ subjects ( _! eld] bro!r2 b ,jehoram1 n )\t reason1 fe>$ t treasure & cities might supply ! means = a revolt1 or t ,judah might be split up into a numb] ( small pr9cipalities4 ,accord+ly :5 he _h /r5g!n$ himself he slew all 8 bre?r5 ) ! sword1 & ) !m ^? pr9ces ( ,israel :om he suspect$ ( atta*m5t to 8 o!r victims4 ,he 0 foll[+ ! prec$5t set by ,solomon :5 he ord]$ ! execution ( ,adonijah2 &1 inde$1 ! slaught] by a new sov]eign ( all ^? ne> relations :o might possibly dispute 8 claim to ! ?rone has usually be5 consid]$ 9 ! ,ea/ to be a pa9ful b necess>y & p]fectly ju/ifiable act1 be+1 9 fact1 reg>d$ 9 mu* ! same light z ! dr[n+ ( sup]flu\s kitt5s 9 dome/ic circles4 ,probably ?is episode is plac$ be=e ! introductory =mula = ! reign because until ^! possible rivals 7 remov$ ,jehoram's t5ure ( ! ?rone 0 altoge!r unsafe4 ,= ! next few v]ses7#chh7 ! n>rative foll[s ! book ( ,k+s ) sc>cely any alt]ation1 & /ates ! evil "* ( ! new reign1 acc\nt+ = ,jehoram's depravity by 8 m>riage ) a daught] ( ,ahab4 ,! successful revolt ( ,edom f ,judah is next giv51 & ! *ronicl] adds a note ( 8 own to ! effect t ,jehoram exp]i5c$ ^! rev]ses because he _h =sak5 ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs4 ,!n ! *ronicl] proce$s7#chi7 to describe fur!r s9s & mis=tunes ( ,jehoram4 ,he m5tions def9itely1 :at is d\btless impli$ by ! book ( ,k+s1 t ,jehoram made high places 9 ! cities ( ,judah7#cij7 & s$uc$ ! p into tak+ "p 9 a corrupt wor%ip4 ,! ,div9e condemnation ( ! k+'s wrong-do+ came f an unexpect$ qu>t] & 9 an unusual fa%ion4 ,! o!r prophetic messages specially record$ by ! *ronicl] 7 utt]$ by prophets ( ,judah1 "s app>5tly receiv+ _! inspiration = "o p>ticul> occasion4 ,! prophet :o rebuk$ ,jehoram 0 no less di/+ui%$ a p]sonage ?an ! great ,israelite ,elijah1 :o1 accord+ to ! book ( ,k+s1 _h long s9ce be5 translat$ to heav54 ,9 ! old] n>rative ,elijah's "w is exclusively conf9$ to ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,b ! *ronicl] entirely ignores ,elijah1 except :5 8 hi/ory becomes connect$ = a mom5t ) t ( ! h\se ( ,david4 ,! o!r prophets ( ,judah deliv]$ _! messages by ^w ( m\?1 b ?is communication is made by means ( 8a writ+40 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n )\t p>allel3 ,j]emiah s5t a lett] to ! captives 9 ,babylon1 & also s5t a writt5 collection ( 8 prophecies to ,jehoiakim47#cia7 ,9 ! latt] case1 h[ev]1 ! prophecies _h be5 orig9ally promulgat$ by ^w ( m\?4 ,elijah writes 9 ! "n ( ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,david1 & condemns ,jehoram because he 0 n walk+ 9 ! ways ( ,asa & ,jeho%aphat1 b 9 ! ways ( ! k+s ( ,israel & ! h\se ( ,ahab4 ,x is pleasant to f9d t1 9 spite ( ! s9s :i* m>k$ ! latt] days ( ,asa & ,jeho%aphat1 _! 8ways0 7 z a :ole su* z c\ld be held up z an example by ! prophet ( ,jehovah4 ,"h & else:]e ,god appeals to ! bett] feel+s t spr+ f pride ( bir?4 ,noblesse oblige4 ,jehoram held 8 ?rone z repres5tative ( ! h\se ( ,david1 & 0 pr\d to trace 8 desc5t to ! f\nd] ( ! ,israelite mon>*y & to inh]it ! glory ( ! great reigns ( ,asa & ,jeho%aphat2 b ?is pride ( race impli$ t to dep>t f _! ways 0 di%on\rable apo/acy4 ,!re is no m pitiful spectacle ?an an effem9ate lib]t9e plum+ himself on 8 noble ance/ry4 ,elijah fur!r rebukes ,jehoram = ! massacre ( 8 bre?r51 :o 7 bett] ?an himself4 ,!y _h all gr[n up at _! fa!r's c\rt1 & till ! o!r bre?r5 7 put 9 possession ( _! f5c$ cities _h be5 "u ! same influ5ces4 ,x is ! husb& ( ,ahab's daught] :o is worse ?an all ! re/2 ! influ5ce ( an unsuitable m>riage has already begun to %[ itself4 ,inde$1 9 view ( ,a?aliah's subsequ5t hi/ory1 we d h] no inju/ice by suppos+ t1 l ,jezebel & ,lady ,macbe?1 %e _h sugge/$ h] husb&'s crime4 ,! fact t ,jehoram's bre?r5 7 bett] m5 ?an himself adds to 8 guilt morally1 b ?is undesirable sup]iority ( ! o!r pr9ces ( ! blood to ! reign+ sov]eign w\ld seem to ,jehoram & 8 advis]s an additional reason = putt+ !m out ( ! way2 ! massacre 0 an urg5t political necessity4 8,truly ! t5d] m]cies ( ! weak1 ,z ( ! wick$1 are b cruel40 ,!re is no?+ s cruel z ! t]ror ( a selfi% man4 ,! ,inquisition is ! measure n only ( ! inhumanity1 b also ( ! weakness1 ( ! m$ival ,*ur*2 & ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew 0 due to ! feebl5ess ( ,*>les ,,ix4 z well z to ! 8rev5ge or ! bl9d in/9ct ( self-pres]vation07#cib7 ( ,m>y de ,m$ici4 ,! *ronicl]'s condemnation ( ,jehoram's massacre m>ks ! sup]iority ( ! /&>d ( lat] ,judaism to ! curr5t ,ori5tal morality4 ,= 8 s9s ,jehoram 0 to be puni%$ by sore disease & by a great 8plague0 :i* w\ld fall ^u 8 p1 & 8 wives1 & 8 *ildr51 & all 8 sub/ance4 ,f ! foll[+ v]ses we see t 8plague10 "h z 9 ! case ( "s ( ! plagues ( ,egypt1 has ! s5se ( calamity g5]ally1 & n ! n>r[] mean+ ( pe/il5ce4 ,?is plague took ! =m ( an invasion ( ! ,phili/9es & ( ! ,arabians 8:i* are beside ! ,e?iopians40 ,div9e inspiration prompt$ !m to attack ,judah2 ,jehovah /irr$ up _! _s aga9/ ,jehoram4 ,probably "h1 z 9 ! /ory ( ,z]ah1 ! t]m ,e?iopians is us$ loosely = ! ,egyptians1 9 :i* case ! ,arabs 9 "q w\ld be inhabitants ( ! des]t betwe5 ! s\? ( ,pale/9e & ,egypt1 & w\ld ?us be neighb\rs ( _! ,phili/9e allies4 ,^! m>aud+ b&s succe$$ :]e ! huge ho/s ( ,z]ah _h fail$2 !y broke into ,judah1 & c>ri$ (f all ! k+'s treasure1 toge!r ) 8 sons & 8 wives1 only leav+ him 8 y\nge/ son3 ,jehoahaz or ,ahaziah4 ,!y aft]w>ds slew ! pr9ces !y _h tak5 captive47#cic7 ,! common p w\ld sc>cely suff] less sev]ely ?an _! k+4 ,jehoram himself 0 res]v$ = special p]sonal puni%m5t3 ,jehovah smote him ) a sore disease2 &1 l ,asa1 he l+]$ = two ye>s & !n di$4 ,! p 7 s impress$ by 8 wick$ness t 8!y made no burn+ = him1 l ! burn+ ( 8 fa!rs10 :]eas !y _h made a v great burn+ = ,asa47#cid7 ,! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ! reign ( ,ahaziah7#cie7 does n diff] mat]ially f t giv5 by ! book ( ,k+s1 ?\gh x is consid]ably abridg$1 & !re are o!r m9or alt]ations4 ,! *ronicl] sets =? ev5 m emphatically ?an ! e>li] hi/ory ! evil influ5ce ( ,a?aliah & h] ,israelite k9sfolk ov] ,ahaziah's %ort reign ( "o ye>4 ,! /ory ( 8 visit to ,jehoram1 k+ ( ,israel1 & ! murd] ( ! two k+s by ,jehu1 is v mu* abridg$4 ,! *ronicl] c>efully omits all ref]5ce to ,eli%a1 accord+ to 8 usual pr9ciple ( ignor+ ! religi\s life ( ,nor!rn ,israel2 b he expressly tells u t1 l ,jeho%aphat1 ,ahaziah suff]$ = consort+ ) ! h\se ( ,omri3 8,8 de/ruction or tread+ d[n 0 ( ,god 9 t he w5t unto ,jehoram40 ,our ,engli% v]sions h c>efully reproduc$ an ambiguity 9 ! orig9al2 b x seems probable t ! *ronicl] does n mean t visit+ ,jehoram 9 8 illness 0 a flagrant (f5ce :i* ,god puni%$ ) dea?1 b r t1 to puni% ,ahaziah = 8 imitation ( ! evil-do+s ( ! h\se ( ,omri17#cif7 ,god all[$ him to visit ,jehoram 9 ord] t he might %>e ! fate ( ! ,israelite k+4 ,! book ( ,k+s _h /at$ t ,jehu slew =ty-two bre?r5 ( ,ahaziah4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 p]fectly all[able to take 8bre?r50 9 ! g5]al s5se ( 8k9sm502 b z ! *ronicl] _h rec5tly m5tion$ ! massacre ( all ,ahaziah's bre?r51 he avoids ev5 ! appe>ance ( a contradiction by sub/itut+ 8sons ( ! bre?r5 ( ,ahaziah0 = bre?r54 ,?is alt]ation introduces new difficulties1 b ^! difficulties simply illu/rate ! g5]al confusion ( numb]s & ages :i* *>act]ises ! n>rative at ?is po9t4 ,9 connection ) ! burial ( ,ahaziah1 x may be not$ t ! popul> recollection ( ,jeho%aphat endors$ ! fav\rable judgm5t conta9$ 9 ! 8writ+ ( ,elijah03 8,!y said0 ( ,ahaziah1 8,he is ! son ( ,jeho%aphat1 :o s\ght ,jehovah ) all 8 he>t40 ,! *ronicl] next n>rates ,a?aliah's murd] ( ! se$ royal ( ,judah & h] usurpation ( ! ?rone ( ,david1 9 t]ms almo/ id5tical ) ^? ( ! n>rative 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,b 8 previ\s additions & modifications are h>d to reconcile ) ! acc\nt he "h borr[s f 8 anci5t au?ority4 ,accord+ to ! *ronicl]1 ,jehoram _h massacr$ all ! o!r sons ( ,jeho%aphat1 & ! ,arabians _h sla9 all ,jehoram's sons except ,ahaziah1 & ,jehu _h sla9 _! sons2 s t ,ahaziah 0 ! only liv+ desc5dant 9 ! male l9e ( 8 gr&fa!r ,jeho%aphat2 he himself app>5tly di$ at ! age ( tw5ty-?ree4 ,x is intelligible en\gh t he %\ld h a son ,joa% & possibly o!r sons2 b /ill x is difficult to und]/& :]e ,a?aliah f\nd 8all ! se$ royal0 & 8! k+'s sons0 :om %e put to dea?4 ,x is at any rate cle> t ,jehoram's slaught] ( 8 bre?r5 met ) an appropriate puni%m5t3 all 8 own sons & gr&sons 7 simil>ly sla91 except ! *ild ,joa%4 ,! *ronicl]'s n>rative ( ! revolution by :i* ,a?aliah 0 sla91 & ! ?rone recov]$ = ! h\se ( ,david 9 ! p]son ( ,joa%1 foll[s sub/antially ! e>li] hi/ory1 ! *ief diff]5ce be+1 z we h already notic$17#cig7 t ! *ronicl] sub/itutes ! ,levitical gu>d ( ! second ,temple = ! bodygu>d ( =eign m]c5>ies :o 7 ! actual ag5ts 9 ?is revolution4 ,a di/+ui%$ au?ority on ,european hi/ory is fond ( po9t+ to ! evil effects ( royal m>riages z "o ( ! *ief drawbacks to ! mon>*ical sy/em ( gov]nm5t4 ,a cr[n may at any "t devolve ^u a woman1 & by h] m>riage ) a p[]ful reign+ pr9ce h] c\ntry may virtually be subject$ to a =eign yoke4 ,if x happ5s t ! new sov]eign pr(esses a diff]5t religion f t ( 8 wife's subjects1 ! evils aris+ f ! m>riage are s]i\sly aggravat$4 ,"s su* fate befell ! ,ne!rl&s z ! result ( ! m>riage ( ,m>y ( ,burgundy ) ! ,emp]or ,maximilian1 & ,engl& 0 only sav$ f ! dang] ( transf]5ce to ,ca?olic dom9ion by ! caution & patriotism ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,a?aliah's usurpation 0 a bold attempt to rev]se ! usual process & transf] ! husb&'s dom9ions to ! au?ority & fai? ( ! wife's family4 ,x is probable t ,a?aliah's p]man5t success w\ld h l$ to ! absorption ( ,judah 9 ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,?is la/ mis=tune 0 av]t$ by ! en]gy & c\rage ( ,jehoiada1 b 9 ! meantime ! half-hea!n que5 _h succe$$ 9 caus+ untold h>m & suff]+ to h] adopt$ c\ntry4 ,our own hi/ory furni%es num]\s illu/rations ( ! evil influ5ces t come 9 ! tra9 ( =eign que5s4 ,edw>d ,,ii4 suff]$ griev\sly at ! h&s ( 8 ,fr5* que52 ,h5ry ,,vi4's wife1 ,m>g>et ( ,anj\1 contribut$ consid]ably to ! prolong$ bitt]ness ( ! /ruggle betwe5 ,york & ,lanca/]2 & to ,h5ry ,,viii4's m>riage ) ,ca!r9e ( ,aragon ! c\ntry ow$ ! mis]ies & p]secutions inflict$ by ,m>y ,tudor4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 _m ( ! =eign pr9cesses :o h %>$ ! ,engli% ?rone h won ! la/+ gratitude ( ! nation4 ,a ,fr5* que5 ( ,k5t1 = in/ance1 op5$ ! way = ,augu/9e's mission to ,engl&4 ,b no =eign que5 ( ,engl& has _h ! opportunities = mis*ief t 7 enjoy$ & fully utilis$ by ,a?aliah4 ,%e corrupt$ h] husb& & h] son1 & %e 0 probably at once ! in/igator ( _! crimes & ! in/rum5t ( _! puni%m5t4 ,by corrupt+ ! rul]s ( ,judah & by h] own misgov]nm5t1 %e ex]cis$ an evil influ5ce ov] ! nation2 & z ! p suff]$1 n = _! s9s only1 b also = ^? ( _! k+s1 ,a?aliah br\ght mis=tunes & calamity ^u ,judah4 ,un=tunately su* exp]i5ces are n conf9$ to royal families2 ! peace & hon\r1 & prosp]ity ( godly families 9 all ranks ( life h be5 di/urb$ & (t5 de/roy$ by ! m>riage ( "o ( _! memb]s ) a woman ( ali5 _s & temp]am5t4 ,"h is a v g5]al & practical application ( ! *ronicl]'s objection to int]c\rse ) ! h\se ( ,omri4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,joa% & ,amaziah4 #b ,*ron4 xxiv4-xxv4 ,= ,*ronicles1 z = ! book ( ,k+s1 ! ma9 int]e/ ( ! reign ( ,joa% is ! repair+ ( ! ,temple2 b ! lat] n>rative introduces modifications :i* give a some:at diff]5t complexion to ! /ory4 ,bo? au?orities tell u t ,joa% did t :i* 0 "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah all ! days ( ,jehoiada1 b ! book ( ,k+s imm$iately adds t 8! high places 7 n tak5 away3 ! p /ill sacrific$ & burnt inc5se 9 ! high places407#cih7 ,see+ t ,jehoiada ex]cis$ ! royal au?ority dur+ ! m9ority ( ,joa%1 ?is tol]ation ( ! high places mu/ h _h ! sanction ( ! high-prie/4 ,n[ ! *ronicl] & 8 contempor>ies _h be5 educat$ 9 ! belief t ! ,p5tateu* 0 ! ecclesia/ical code ( ! mon>*y2 !y f\nd x impossible to cr$it a /atem5t t ! high-prie/ _h sanction$ any o!r sanctu>y besides ! temple ( ,zion2 accord+ly !y omitt$ ! v]se 9 "q4 ,9 ! e>li] n>rative ( ! repair+ ( ! ,temple ! prie/s are ord]$ by ,joa% to use c]ta9 sacr$ dues & (f]+s to repair ! brea*es ( ! h\se2 b aft] "s "t _h elaps$ x 0 f\nd t ! brea*es _h n be5 repair$3 & :5 ,joa% remon/rat$ ) ! prie/s1 !y flatly refus$ to h any?+ to d ) ! repairs or ) receiv+ funds = ! purpose4 ,_! objections 71 h[ev]1 ov]rul$2 & ,jehoiada plac$ beside ! alt> a *e/ ) a hole 9 ! lid1 into :i* 8! prie/s put all ! money t 0 br\ght into ! h\se ( ,jehovah407#cii7 ,:5 x 0 suffici5tly full1 ! k+'s scribe & ! high-prie/ c\nt$ ! money1 & put x up 9 bags4 ,!re 7 sev]al po9ts 9 ?is e>li] n>rative :i* w\ld h furni%$ v inconv5i5t prec$5ts1 & 7 s mu* out ( keep+ ) ! ideas & practices ( ! second ,temple t1 by ! "t ! *ronicl] wrote1 a new & m intelligible v]sion ( ! /ory 0 curr5t among ! m9i/]s ( ! ,temple4 ,to beg9 )1 !re 0 an omission :i* w\ld h grat$ v unpleasantly on ! feel+s ( ! *ronicl]4 ,9 ?is long n>rative1 :olly tak5 up ) ! affairs ( ! ,temple1 no?+ is said ab\t ! ,levites4 ,! collect+ & receiv+ ( money might well be suppos$ to belong to !m2 & accord+ly 9 ,*ronicles ! ,levites are fir/ associat$ ) ! prie/s 9 ?is matt]1 & !n ! prie/s drop out ( ! n>rative1 & ! ,levites alone c>ry out ! f9ancial arrangem5ts4 ,aga91 x might be und]/ood f ! book ( ,k+s t sacr$ dues & (f]+s1 :i* =m$ ! rev5ue ( ! prie/s & ,levites1 7 div]t$ by ! k+'s ord]s to ! repair ( ! fabric4 ,! *ronicl] 0 naturally anxi\s t !re %\ld be no mi/ake on ?is po9t2 ! ambigu\s phrases are omitt$1 & x is pla9ly indicat$ t funds 7 rais$ = ! repairs by means ( a special tax orda9$ by ,moses4 ,joa% 8assembl$ ! prie/s & ! ,levites1 & said to !m1 ,g out into ! cities ( ,judah1 & ga!r ( all ,israel money to repair ! h\se ( y\r ,god f ye> to ye>1 & see t ye ha/5 ! matt]4 ,h[beit ! ,levites ha/5$ x n40 ,! remissness ( ! prie/s 9 ! orig9al n>rative is "h v fai?fully & c&idly transf]r$ to ! ,levites4 ,!n1 z 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 ,joa% remon/rates ) ,jehoiada1 b ! t]ms ( 8 remon/rance are altoge!r diff]5t3 "h he compla9s because ! ,levites h n be5 requir$ 8to br+ 9 out ( ,judah & out ( ,j]usalem ! tax appo9t$ by ,moses ! s]vant ( ,jehovah & by ! congregation ( ,israel = ! t5t ( ! te/imony10i4e41 ! ,tab]nacle1 conta9+ ! ,ark & ! tables ( ! ,law4 ,! ref]5ce app>5tly is to ! law7#djj7 t :5 a c5sus 0 tak5 a poll-tax ( a half-%ekel a head %\ld be paid = ! s]vice ( ! ,tab]nacle4 ,z "o ( ! ma9 uses ( a c5sus 0 to facilitate ! rais+ ( taxes1 ?is law might n unfairly be int]pret$ to mean t :5 occasion arose1 or p]haps ev5 e ye>1 a c5sus %\ld be tak5 9 ord] t ?is poll-tax might be levi$4 ,nehemiah arrang$ = a ye>ly poll-tax ( a ?ird ( a %ekel = ! incid5tal exp5ses ( ! ,temple47#dja7 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ! half-%ekel prescrib$ 9 ,exodus is int5d$2 & x %\ld be obs]v$ t ?is poll-tax 0 to be levi$1 n once only b 8f ye> to ye>40 ,! *ronicl] !n ins]ts a note to expla9 :y ^! repairs 7 necess>y3 8,! sons ( ,a?aliah1 t wick$ woman1 _h brok5 up ! h\se ( ,god2 & also all ! d$icat$ ?+s ( ! h\se ( ,jehovah !y be/[$ ^u ! ,baals40 ,"h we are confront$ ) a fur!r difficulty4 ,all ,jehoram's sons except ,ahaziah 7 murd]$ by ! ,arabs 9 _! fa!r's life-"t4 ,:o are ^! 8sons ( ,a?aliah0 :o broke up ! ,temple8 ,jehoram 0 ab\t ?irty-sev5 :5 8 sons 7 massacr$1 s t "s ( !m may h be5 old en\gh to break up ! ,temple4 ,"o w\ld ?9k t 8! d$icat$ ?+s0 might h be5 recov]$ = ,jehovah :5 ,a?aliah 0 ov]?r[n2 b possibly1 :5 ! p retaliat$ by break+ into ! h\se ( ,baal1 !re 7 ,a*ans among !m1 :o appropriat$ ! plund]4 ,hav+ remon/rat$ ) ,jehoiada1 ! k+ took matt]s into 8 own h&s2 & he1 n ,jehoiada1 _h a *e/ made & plac$1 n beside ! alt>--su* an arrangem5t sav\r$ ( pr(anity--b )\t at ! gate ( ! ,temple4 ,?is little t\* is v sugge/ive4 ,! noise & bu/le ( pay+ ov] money1 receiv+ x1 & putt+ x into ! *e/1 w\ld h m+l$ di/ract+ly ) ! solemn ritual ( sacrifice4 ,9 mod]n times ! t9kle ( ?reep5ny pieces (t5 t5ds to m> ! effect ( an impressive appeal & to di/urb ! quiet influ5ces ( a communion s]vice4 ,! ,scot* arrangem5t1 by :i* a plate cov]$ ) a fair :ite clo? is plac$ 9 ! por* ( a *ur* & gu>d$ by two mod]n ,levites or eld]s1 is mu* m 9 accordance ) ,*ronicles4 ,!n1 in/ead ( s5d+ out ,levites to collect ! tax1 proclamation 0 made t ! p !mselves %\ld br+ _! (f]+s4 ,ob$i5ce app>5tly 0 made a matt] ( consci5ce1 n ( solicitation4 ,p]haps x 0 because ! ,levites felt t sacr$ dues %\ld be giv5 freely t !y 7 n =w>d to make ye>ly tax-collect+ exp$itions4 ,at any rate1 ! new me?od 0 signally successful4 ,day aft] day ! pr9ces & p gladly br\ght _! (f]+s1 & money 0 ga!r$ 9 abundance4 ,o!r passages sugge/ t ! *ronicl] 0 n always incl9$ to tru/ to ! spontane\s g5]osity ( ! p = ! support ( ! prie/s & ,levites2 b he pla9ly recognis$ t free-w (f]+s are m excell5t ?an ! donations :i* are pa9fully extract$ by ! ye>ly visits ( (ficial collectors4 ,he w\ld probably h sympa?is$ ) ! abolition ( pew-r5ts4 ,z 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 ! *e/ 0 empti$ at suitable int]vals2 b in/ead ( ! high-prie/ be+ associat$ ) ! k+'s scribe1 z if !y 7 on a level & bo? ( !m (ficials ( ! royal c\rt1 ! *ief prie/'s (fic] assi/s ! k+'s scribe1 s t ! *ief prie/ is plac$ on a level ) ! k+ himself4 ,! details ( ! repairs 9 ! two n>ratives diff] consid]ably 9 =m1 b = ! mo/ "p agree 9 sub/ance2 ! only /rik+ po9t is t !y are app>5tly at v>iance z to :e!r vessels ( silv] or gold 7 or 7 n made = ! r5ovat$ ,temple4 ,!n foll[s ! acc\nt7#djb7 ( ! +ratitude & apo/acy ( ,joa% & 8 p4 ,z long z ,jehoiada liv$1 ! s]vices ( ! ,temple 7 regul>ly p]=m$1 & ,judah rema9$ fai?ful to its ,god2 b at la/ he di$1 full ( days3 a hundr$ & ?irty ye>s old4 ,9 8 life-"t he _h ex]cis$ royal au?ority1 & :5 he di$ he 0 buri$ l a k+3 8,!y buri$ him 9 ! city ( ,david among ! k+s1 because he _h done good 9 ,israel & t[>d ,god & ,8 h\se407#djc7 ,l ,n]o :5 he %ook (f ! control ( ,s5eca & ,burrhus1 ,joa% *ang$ 8 policy z soon z ,jehoiada 0 dead4 ,app>5tly he 0 a weak "*1 always foll[+ "s "o's lead+4 ,8 fre$om f ! influ5ce t _h made 8 e>ly reign dec5t & hon\rable 0 n1 z 9 ,n]o's case1 8 own act4 ,! *ange ( policy 0 adopt$ at ! sugge/ion ( ! pr9ces ( ,judah4 ,k+s1 pr9ces1 & p fell back into ! old wick$ness2 !y =sook ! ,temple & s]v$ idols4 ,yet ,jehovah did n readily give !m up to _! own folly1 nor ha/ily inflict puni%m5t2 ,he s5t1 n "o prophet1 b _m1 to br+ !m back to ,himself1 b !y w\ld n he>k54 ,at la/ ,jehovah made "o la/ ef=t to w9 ,joa% back2 ?is "t ,he *ose = ,8 mess5g] a prie/ :o _h special p]sonal claims on ! fav\rable att5tion ( ! k+4 ,! prophet 0 ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada1 to :om ,joa% ow$ 8 life & 8 ?rone4 ,! "n 0 a fav\rite "o 9 ,israel1 & 0 borne by two o!r prophets besides ! son ( ,jehoiada4 ,its v etymology con/itut$ an appeal to ! consci5ce ( ,joa%3 x is comp\nd$ ( ! sacr$ "n & a root mean+ 8to rememb]04 ,! ,jews 7 adepts at extract+ f su* a comb9ation all its possible applications4 ,! mo/ obvi\s 0 t ,jehovah w\ld rememb] ! s9 ( ,judah1 b ! rec5t prophets s5t to recall ! s9n]s to _! ,god %[$ t ,jehovah also rememb]$ _! =m] righte\sness & desir$ to recall x to !m & !m to x2 !y %\ld rememb] ,jehovah4 ,moreov]1 ,joa% %\ld rememb] ! tea*+ ( ,jehoiada & 8 obligations to ! fa!r ( ! man n[ address+ him4 ,probably ,joa% did rememb] all ?is :51 9 ! /rik+ ,hebrew idiom1 8! _s ( ,god clo!d itself ) ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada ! prie/1 & he /ood above ! p & said unto !m1 ,?us sai? ,god3 ,:y transgress ye ! comm&m5ts ( ,jehovah1 to y\r hurt8 ,because ye h =sak5 ,jehovah1 ,he ha? also =sak5 y40 ,?is is ! burd5 ( ! prophetic utt]ances 9 ,*ronicles7#djd72 ! conv]se is /at$ by ,ir5u :5 he says t to foll[ ! ,savi\r is to p>take ( salvation4 ,?\gh ! tru? ( ?is tea*+ _h be5 en=c$ aga9 & aga9 by ! mis=tunes t _h befall5 ,judah "u apo/ate k+s1 ,joa% paid no he$ to x1 nor did he rememb] ! k9dness :i* ,jehoiada _h done him2 t is to say1 he %[$ no gratitude t[>ds ! h\se ( ,jehoiada4 ,p]haps an uncom=table s5se ( obligation to ! fa!r only embitt]$ him ! m aga9/ 8 son4 ,b ! son ( ! high-prie/ c\ld n be dealt ) z summ>ily z ,asa dealt ) ,hanani :5 he put him 9 prison4 ,! k+ might h be5 indiff]5t to ! wra? ( ,jehovah1 b ! son ( ! man :o _h = ye>s rul$ ,judah & ,j]usalem mu/ h _h a /rong p>ty at 8 back4 ,accord+ly ! k+ & 8 adh]5ts conspir$ aga9/ ,ze*>iah1 & !y /on$ him ) /ones by ! k+'s comm&4 ,?is ,old ,te/am5t m>tyr di$ 9 a v diff]5t _s f t ( ,/eph52 8 pray] 01 n1 8,"l1 lay n ?is s9 to _! *>ge10 b 8,jehovah1 look ^u x & require x40 ,8 pray] did n long rema9 unansw]$4 ,)9 a ye> ! ,syrians7#dje7 came aga9/ ,joa%2 he _h a v great ho/1 b he 0 p[]less aga9/ a small company ( ! ,div9ely commission$ av5g]s ( ,ze*>iah4 ,! tempt]s :o _h s$uc$ ! k+ into apo/acy 7 a special m>k = ! wra? ( ,jehovah3 ! ,syrians de/roy$ all ! pr9ces1 & s5t _! spoil to ! k+ ( ,damascus4 ,l ,asa & ,jehoram1 ,joa% suff]$ p]sonal puni%m5t 9 ! %ape ( 8great diseases10 b 8 end 0 ev5 m tragic ?an !irs4 ,"o conspiracy av5g$ ano!r3 9 8 own h\sehold !re 7 adh]5ts ( ! family ( ,jehoiada3 8,two ( 8 own s]vants conspir$ aga9/ him = ! blood ( ,ze*>iah1 & slew him on 8 b$2 & !y buri$ him 9 ! city ( ,david1 & n 9 ! sepul*res ( ! k+s40 ,! *ronicl]'s biography ( ,joa% might h be5 specially design$ to rem9d 8 read]s t ! mo/ c>eful education mu/ sometimes fail ( its purpose4 ,joa% _h be5 tra9$ f 8 e>lie/ ye>s 9 ! ,temple itself1 "u ! c>e ( ,jehoiada & ( 8 aunt ,jeho%abea?1 ! high-prie/'s wife4 ,he _h no d\bt be5 c>efully in/ruct$ 9 ! religion & sacr$ hi/ory ( ,israel1 & _h be5 cont9ually surr\nd$ by ! be/ religi\s influ5ces ( 8 age4 ,= ,judah1 9 ! *ronicl]'s e/imation1 0 ev5 !n ! "o home ( ! true fai?4 ,^! holy influ5ces _h be5 cont9u$ aft] ,joa% _h atta9$ to manhood1 & ,jehoiada 0 c>eful to provide t ! "y k+'s h>em %\ld be enli/$ 9 ! cause ( piety & good gov]nm5t4 ,we may be sure t ! two wives :om ,jehoiada select$ = 8 pupil 7 consi/5t wor%ipp]s ( ,jehovah & loyal to ! ,law & ! ,temple4 ,no daught] ( ! h\se ( ,ahab1 no 8/range wife0 f ,egypt1 ,ammon1 or ,moab1 w\ld be all[$ ! opportunity ( undo+ ! good effects ( e>ly tra9+4 ,moreov]1 we might h expect$ ! "* develop$ by education to be /r5g!n$ by ex]cise4 ,! e>ly ye>s ( 8 reign 7 occupi$ by zeal\s activity 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,temple4 ,! pupil out/ripp$ 8 ma/]1 & ! en?usiasm ( ! y\?ful k+ f\nd occasion to rebuke ! t>dy zeal ( ! v5]able high-prie/4 ,& yet all ?is fair promise 0 blight$ 9 a day4 ,! piety c>efully fo/]$ = half a life-"t gave way be=e ! fir/ assaults ( temptation1 & nev] ev5 attempt$ to reass]t itself4 ,possibly ! brief & fragm5t>y records f :i* ! *ronicl] _h to make 8 selection unduly emphasise ! contra/ betwe5 ! e>li] & lat] ye>s ( ! reign ( ,joa%2 b ! picture he draws ( ! failure ( be/ ( tutors & gov]nors is un=tunately only too typical4 ,julian ! ,apo/ate 0 educat$ by a di/+ui%$ ,*ri/ian prelate1 ,eusebius ( ,nicom$ia1 & 0 tra9$ 9 a /rict r\t9e ( religi\s obs]vances2 yet he repudiat$ ,*ri/ianity at ! e>lie/ safe opportunity4 ,8 apo/acy1 l t ( ,joa%1 0 probably *>act]is$ by base +ratitude4 ,at ,con/ant9e's dea? ! troops 9 ,con/ant9ople massacr$ ne>ly all ! pr9ces ( ! imp]ial family1 & ,julian1 !n only six ye>s old1 is said to h be5 sav$ & conceal$ 9 a *ur* by ,m>k1 ,bi%op ( ,are?usa4 ,:5 ,julian became emp]or1 he repaid ?is obligation by subject+ 8 b5efactor to cruel tortures because he _h de/roy$ a hea!n temple & refus$ to make any comp5sation4 ,imag9e ,joa% requir+ ,jehoiada to make comp5sation = pull+ d[n a high place6 ,! p>allel ( ,julian may sugge/ a p>tial explanation ( ! fall ( ,joa%4 ,! tutelage ( ,jehoiada may h be5 too /rict1 monoton\s1 & prolong$2 9 *oos+ wives = ! "y k+1 ! ag$ prie/ may n h made an altoge!r happy selection2 ,jehoiada may h kept ,joa% "u control until he 0 incapable ( indep5d5ce & c\ld only pass f "o dom9ant influ5ce to ano!r4 ,:5 ! high-prie/'s dea? gave ! k+ an opportunity ( *ang+ 8 ma/]s1 a reaction f ! too urg5t insi/5ce ^u 8 duty to ! ,temple may h incl9$ ,joa% to li/5 fav\rably to ! solicitations ( ! pr9ces4 ,b p]haps ! s9s ( ,joa% are suffici5tly acc\nt$ = by 8 ance/ry4 ,8 "m 0 ,zibiah ( ,be]%eba1 & !re=e probably a ,jewess4 ,( h] we "k no?+ fur!r good or bad4 ,o!rwise 8 ance/ors = two g5]ations _h be5 uni=mly bad4 ,8 fa!r & gr&fa!r 7 ! wick$ k+s ,jehoram & ,ahaziah2 8 gr&mo!r 0 ,a?aliah2 & he 0 desc5d$ f ,ahab1 & possibly f ,jezebel4 ,:5 we recollect t 8 "m ,zibiah 0 a wife ( ,ahaziah & _h probably be5 select$ by ,a?aliah1 we _c suppose t ! elem5t %e contribut$ to 8 "* w\ld d mu* to c\nt]act ! evil he inh]it$ f 8 fa!r4 ,! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( 8 successor ,amaziah is equally disappo9t+2 he also began well & end$ mis]ably4 ,9 ! op5+ =mul ( ! hi/ory ( ! new reign & 9 ! acc\nt ( ! puni%m5t ( ! assass9s ( ,joa%1 ! *ronicl] closely foll[s ! e>li] n>rative1 omitt+1 z usual1 ! /atem5t t ?is good k+ did n take away ! high places4 ,l 8 pi\s pr$ecessors1 ,amaziah 9 8 e>li] & bett] ye>s 0 rew>d$ ) a great army7#djf7 & milit>y success2 & yet ! mu/]-roll ( 8 =ces %[s h[ ! s9s & calamities ( ! rec5t wick$ reigns _h told on ! res\rces ( ,judah4 ,jeho%aphat c\ld comm& m ?an elev5 hundr$ & sixty ?\s& soldi]s2 ,amaziah has only ?ree hundr$ ?\s&4 ,^! 7 n suffici5t = ! k+'s ambition2 by ! ,div9e grace1 he _h already amass$ weal?1 9 spite ( ! ,syrian ravages at ! close ( ! prec$+ reign3 & he laid out a hundr$ tal5ts ( silv] 9 pur*as+ ! s]vices ( z _m ?\s& ,israelites1 ?us fall+ into ! s9 = :i* ,jeho%aphat _h twice be5 reprov$ & puni%$4 ,jehovah1 h[ev]1 arre/$ ,amaziah's employm5t ( unholy allies at ! outset4 ,a man ( ,god came to him & exhort$ him n to let ! army ( ,israel g ) him1 because 8,jehovah is n ) ,israel02 if he _h c\rage & fai? to g ) only 8 ?ree hundr$ ?\s& ,jews1 all w\ld be well1 o!rwise ,god w\ld ca/ him d[n1 z ,he _h done ,ahaziah4 ,! /atem5t t ,jehovah 0 n ) ,israel might h be5 und]/ood 9 a s5se t w\ld seem almo/ blasphem\s to ! *ronicl]'s contempor>ies2 he is c>eful !re=e to expla9 t "h 8,israel0 simply means 8! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim40 ,amaziah obey$ ! prophet1 b 0 naturally di/ress$ at ! ?\ght t he _h sp5t a hundr$ tal5ts = no?+3 8,:at %all we d = ! hundr$ tal5ts :i* ,i h giv5 to ! army ( ,israel80 ,he did n realise t ! ,div9e alliance w\ld be wor? m to him ?an _m hundr$ tal5ts ( silv]2 or p]haps he reflect$ t ,div9e grace is free1 & t he might h sav$ 8 money4 ,"o w\ld l to believe t he 0 anxi\s to recov] ?is silv] 9 ord] to devote x to ! s]vice ( ! sanctu>y2 b he 0 evid5tly "o ( ^? sordid s\ls :o l1 z ! phrase goes1 8to get _! religion = no?+40 ,no wond] ,amaziah w5t a/ray6 ,we c sc>cely be wrong 9 detect+ a ve9 ( contempt 9 ! prophet's answ]3 8,jehovah c give !e mu* m ?an ?is40 ,?is little episode c>ries ) x a great pr9ciple4 ,e crusade aga9/ an e/abli%$ abuse is met ) ! cry1 8,:at %all we d = ! hundr$ tal5ts80--= ! capital inve/$ 9 slaves or 9 g9-%ops2 = ,engli% rev5ues f alcohol or ,indian rev5ues f opium8 ,few h fai? to believe t ! ,"l c provide = f9ancial deficits1 or1 if we may v5ture to indicate ! me?od 9 :i* ! ,"l provides1 t a nation w ev] be able to pay its way by hone/ f9ance4 ,let u note1 h[ev]1 t ,amaziah 0 ask$ to sacrifice 8 own tal5ts1 & n o!r p's4 ,accord+ly ,amaziah s5t ! m]c5>ies home2 & !y return$ 9 great dudgeon1 (f5d$ by ! slight put ^u !m & disappo9t$ at ! loss ( prospective plund]4 ,! k+'s s9 9 hir+ ,israelite m]c5>ies 0 to suff] a sev]] puni%m5t ?an ! loss ( money4 ,:ile he 0 away at w>1 8 reject$ allies return$1 & attack$ ! bord] cities17#djg7 kill$ ?ree ?\s& ,jews1 & took mu* plund]4 ,mean:ile ,amaziah & 8 army 7 reap+ direct fruits ( _! ob$i5ce 9 ,edom1 :]e !y ga9$ a great victory1 & foll[$ x up by a massacre ( t5 ?\s& captives1 :om !y kill$ by ?r[+ d[n f ! top ( a precipice4 ,yet1 aft] all1 ,amaziah's victory ov] ,edom 0 ( small pr(it to him1 = he 0 !reby s$uc$ into idolatry4 ,among/ 8 o!r prison]s1 he _h br\ght away ! gods ( ,edom2 & in/ead ( ?r[+ !m ov] a precipice1 z a pi\s k+ %\ld h done1 8he set !m up to be 8 gods1 & b[$ d[n himself be=e !m1 & burn$ inc5se unto !m40 ,!n ,jehovah1 9 ,8 ang]1 s5t a prophet to dem&1 8,:y ha/ ?\ s\ght aft] =eign gods1 :i* h n deliv]$ _! own p out ( ?9e h&80 ,accord+ to curr5t ideas outside ( ,israel1 a nation might v reasonably seek aft] ! gods ( _! conqu]ors4 ,su* conque/ c\ld only be attribut$ to ! sup]ior p[] & grace ( ! gods ( ! victors3 ! gods ( ! defeat$ 7 vanqui%$ along ) _! wor%ipp]s1 & 7 obvi\sly incompet5t & unwor?y ( fur!r confid5ce4 ,b to act l ,amaziah--to g out to battle 9 ! "n ( ,jehovah1 direct$ & enc\rag$ by ,8 prophet1 to conqu] by ! grace ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 & !n to des]t ,jehovah ( ho/s1 ! ,giv] ( victory1 = ! paltry & discr$it$ idols ( ! conqu]$ ,edomites--?is 0 %e] madness4 ,& yet z ,greece enslav$ h] ,roman conqu]ors1 s ! victor has (t5 be5 won to ! fai? ( ! vanqui%$4 ,! ,*ur* subdu$ ! b>b>ians :o _h ov]:elm$ ! empire1 & ! hea!n ,saxons adopt$ at la/ ! religion ( ! conqu]$ ,britons4 ,h5ry ,,iv4 ( ,france is sc>cely a p>allel to ,amaziah3 he w5t to mass t he might hold 8 sceptre ) a firm] grasp1 :ile ! k+ ( ,judah m]ely adopt$ =eign idols 9 ord] to gratify 8 sup]/ition & love ( novelty4 ,app>5tly ,amaziah 0 at fir/ incl9$ to discuss ! "q3 he & ! prophet talk$ toge!r2 b ! k+ soon became irritat$1 & broke (f ! int]view ) abrupt disc\rtesy3 8,h we made !e ( ! k+'s c\nsel8 ,=be>2 :y %\lde/ ?\ be smitt580 ,prosp]ity seems to h be5 inv>iably fatal to ! ,jewi% k+s :o began to reign well2 ! success t rew>d$1 at ! same "t de/roy$ _! virtue4 ,be=e 8 victory ,amaziah _h be5 c\rte\s & submissive to ! mess5g] ( ,jehovah2 n[ he defi$ ,him & treat$ ,8 prophet r\ghly4 ,! latt] disappe>$1 b n be=e he _h decl>$ ! ,div9e condemnation ( ! /ubborn k+4 ,! re/ ( ! hi/ory ( ,amaziah--8 presumptu\s w> ) ,joa%1 k+ ( ,israel1 8 defeat & degradation1 & 8 assass9ation--is tak5 v]batim f ! book ( ,k+s1 ) a few modifications & editorial notes by ! *ronicl] to h>monise ^! sections ) ! re/ ( 8 n>rative4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! book ( ,k+s ! acc\nt ( ! w> ) ,joa% beg9s some:at abruptly3 ,amaziah s5ds 8 defiance be=e any reason has be5 giv5 = 8 action4 ,! *ronicl] ins]ts a phrase :i* connects 8 new p>agraph v sugge/ively ) ! "o t goes be=e4 ,! =m] conclud$ ) ! k+'s taunt t ! prophet 0 n ( 8 c\nsel1 to :i* ! prophet repli$ t ! k+ %\ld be de/roy$ because he _h n he>k5$ to ! ,div9e c\nsel pr(f]$ to him4 ,!n ,amaziah 8took advice02 i4e41 he consult$ ^? :o 7 ( 8 c\nsel1 & ! sequel %[$ _! incompet5ce4 ,! *ronicl] also expla9s t ,amaziah's ra% p]si/5ce 9 8 *all5ge to ,joa% 80 ( ,god1 t ,he might deliv] !m into ! h& ( _! enemies1 because !y _h s\ght aft] ! gods ( ,edom40 ,he also tells u t ! "n ( ! cu/odian ( ! sacr$ vessels ( ! ,temple 0 ,ob$-edom4 ,z ! *ronicl] m5tions five ,levites ( ! "n ( ,ob$-edom1 f\r ( :om occur n[h]e else1 ! "n 0 probably common 9 "s family /ill surviv+ 9 8 own "t4 ,b1 9 view ( ! fondness ( ! ,jews = significant etymology1 x is probable t ! "n is record$ "h because x 0 exce$+ly appropriate4 8,! s]vant ( ,edom0 suits ! (ficial :o has to surr5d] 8 sacr$ *>ge to a conqu]or because 8 own k+ _h wor%ipp$ ! gods ( ,edom4 ,la/ly1 an additional note expla9s t ,amaziah's apo/acy _h promptly depriv$ him ( ! confid5ce & loyalty ( 8 subjects2 ! conspiracy :i* l$ to 8 assass9ation 0 =m$ f ! "t t he turn$ away f foll[+ ,jehovah1 s t :5 he s5t 8 pr\d *all5ge to ,joa% 8 au?ority 0 already und]m9$1 & !re 7 traitors 9 ! army :i* he l$ aga9/ ,israel4 ,we are %[n "o ( ! means us$ by ,jehovah to br+ ab\t 8 defeat4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,uzziah1 ,jo?am1 & ,ahaz47#djh7 #b ,*ron4 xxvi4-xxviii4 ,aft] ! assass9ation ( ,amaziah1 all ! p ( ,judah took 8 son ,uzziah1 a lad ( sixte51 call$ 9 ! book ( ,k+s ,az>iah1 & made him k+4 ,! *ronicl] borr[s f ! old] n>rative ! /atem5t t 8,uzziah did t :i* 0 "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah1 accord+ to all t 8 fa!r ,amaziah _h done40 ,9 ! light ( ! s9s attribut$ bo? to ,amaziah & ,uzziah 9 ,*ronicles1 ?is is a some:at d\btful complim5t4 ,s>casm1 h[ev]1 is n "o ( ! *ronicl]'s fail+s2 he simply all[s ! old] hi/ory to speak = itself1 & leaves ! read] to comb9e its judgm5t ) ! /atem5t ( lat] tradition z be/ he c4 ,b yet we might modify ?is v]se1 & read t ,uzziah did good & evil1 prosp]$ & fell into mis=tune1 accord+ to all t 8 fa!r ,amaziah _h done1 or an ev5 clos] p>allel might be drawn betwe5 :at ,uzziah did & suff]$ & ! *equ]$ "* & =tunes ( ,joa%4 ,?\gh mu* old] ?an ! latt]1 at 8 accession ,uzziah 0 "y en\gh to be v mu* "u ! control ( m9i/]s & advis]s2 & z ,joa% 0 tra9$ 9 loyalty to ,jehovah by ! high-prie/ ,jehoiada1 s ,uzziah 8set himself to seek ,god dur+ ! life-"t0 ( a c]ta9 prophet1 :o1 l ! son ( ,jehoiada1 0 nam$ ,ze*>iah1 8:o _h und]/&+ or gave in/ruction 9 ! fe> ( ,jehovah107#dji7 i4e41 a man v]s$ 9 sacr$ le>n+1 ri* 9 spiritual exp]i5ce1 & able to communicate 8 k1 su* a "o z ,ezra ! scribe 9 lat] days4 ,"u ! guidance ( ?is o!rwise unkn[n prophet1 ! "y k+ 0 l$ to con=m 8 private life & public adm9i/ration to ! w ( ,god4 ,9 8seek+ ,god10 ,uzziah w\ld be c>eful to ma9ta9 & att5d ! ,temple s]vices1 to hon\r ! prie/s ( ,jehovah & make due provision = _! wants2 & 8z long z he s\ght ,jehovah ,god gave him prosp]ity40 ,uzziah receiv$ all ! rew>ds usually be/[$ ^u pi\s k+s3 he 0 victori\s 9 w>1 & exact$ tribute f neighb\r+ /ates2 he built =tresses1 & _h abundance ( cattle & slaves1 a l>ge & well-equipp$ army1 & well-suppli$ ars5als4 ,l o!r p[]ful k+s ( ,judah1 he ass]t$ 8 supremacy ov] ! tribes along ! s\!rn fronti] ( 8 k+dom4 ,god help$ him aga9/ ! ,phili/9es1 ! ,arabians ( ,gur-baal1 & ! ,meunim4 ,he de/roy$ ! =tifications ( ,ga?1 ,jabne1 & ,a%dod1 & built =ts ( 8 own 9 ! c\ntry ( ! ,phili/9es4 ,no?+ is kn[n ab\t ,gur-baal2 b ! ,arabian allies ( ! ,phili/9es w\ld be1 l ,jehoram's enemies 8! ,arabians :o dwelt ne> ! ,e?iopians10 nomads ( ! des]ts s\? ( ,judah4 ,^! ,phili/9es & ,arabians _h br\ght tribute to ,jeho%aphat )\t wait+ to be subdu$ by 8 armies2 s n[ ! ,ammonites gave gifts to ,uzziah1 & 8 "n spread abroad 8ev5 to ! ent]+ 9 ( ,egypt10 possibly a hundr$ or ev5 a hundr$ & fifty miles f ,j]usalem4 ,x is evid5t t ! *ronicl]'s ideas ( int]national politics 7 ( v mode/ dim5sions4 ,moreov]1 ,uzziah add$ to ! =tifications ( ,j]usalem2 & because he lov$ husb&ry & _h cattle1 & husb&m51 & v9e-dress]s 9 ! op5 c\ntry & outly+ di/ricts ( ,judah1 he built t[]s = _! protection4 ,8 army 0 ( ab\t ! same /r5g? z t ( ,amaziah1 ?ree hundr$ ?\s& m51 s t 9 ?is1 z 9 8 "* & exploits1 he did accord+ to all t 8 fa!r _h done1 except t he 0 cont5t ) 8 own ,jewi% w>riors & did n wa/e 8 tal5ts 9 pur*as+ worse ?an useless re9=cem5ts f ,israel4 ,uzziah's army 0 well discipl9$1 c>efully organis$1 & con/antly employ$2 !y 7 m5 ( mighty p[]1 & w5t out to w> by b&s1 to collect ! k+'s tribute & enl>ge 8 dom9ions & rev5ue by new conque/s4 ,! w> mat]ial 9 8 ars5als is describ$ at great] l5g? ?an t ( any previ\s k+3 %ields1 spe>s1 helmets1 coats ( mail1 b[s & /ones = sl+s4 ,! great advance ( milit>y sci5ce 9 ,uzziah's reign 0 m>k$ by ! inv5tion ( eng9es ( w> = ! def5ce ( ,j]usalem2 "s1 l ! ,roman catapulta1 7 = arr[s1 & o!rs1 l ! balli/a1 to hurl huge /ones4 ,?\gh ! ,assyrian sculptures %[ u t batt]+-rams 7 freely employ$ by !m aga9/ ! walls ( ,jewi% cities17#daj7 & ! balli/a is said by ,pl9y to h be5 inv5t$ 9 ,syria17#daa7 no o!r ,hebrew k+ is cr$it$ ) ! possession ( ?is primitive artill]y4 ,! *ronicl] or 8 au?ority seems pr(\ndly impress$ by ! great skill display$ 9 ?is inv5tion2 9 describ+ x1 he uses ! root %abh1 to devise1 ?ree times 9 ?ree consecutive words4 ,! eng9es 7 8i%%ebhn? ma%ebhe? %bh0--8eng9es eng9e]$ by ! +5i\s40 ,jehovah n only provid$ ,uzziah ) ample milit>y res\rces ( e k9d1 b also bless$ ! means :i* ,he ,himself _h furni%$2 ,uzziah 80 m>vell\sly help$1 till he 0 /rong1 & 8 "n spread f> abroad40 ,! neighb\r+ /ates he>d ) admiration ( 8 milit>y res\rces4 ,! /ud5t ( ,*ronicles w by ?is "t be prep>$ = ! inv>iable sequel to ,god-giv5 prosp]ity4 ,l ,david1 ,rehoboam1 ,asa1 & ,amaziah1 :5 ,uzziah 80 /rong1 8 he>t 0 lift$ up to 8 de/ruction40 ,! mo/ p[]ful ( ! k+s ( ,judah di$ a lep]4 ,an attack ( leprosy admitt$ ( only "o explanation3 x 0 a plague inflict$ by ,jehovah ,himself z ! puni%m5t ( s92 & s ! book ( ,k+s tells u t 8,jehovah smote ! k+10 b says no?+ ab\t ! s9 ?us puni%$4 ,! *ronicl] 0 able to supply ! omission3 ,uzziah _h d>$ to g into ! ,temple & ) irregul> zeal to burn inc5se on ! alt> ( inc5se4 ,9 s do+1 he 0 violat+ ! ,law1 :i* made ! prie/ly (fice & all prie/ly functions ! exclusive pr]ogative ( ! h\se ( ,a>on & d5\nc$ ! p5alty ( dea? aga9/ any "o :o usurp$ prie/ly functions47#dab7 ,b ,uzziah 0 n all[$ to c>ry out 8 unholy design2 ! high-prie/ ,az>iah w5t 9 aft] him ) eighty /alw>t colleagues1 rebuk$ 8 presumption1 & bade him leave ! sanctu>y4 ,uzziah 0 no m tractable to ! admonitions ( ! prie/ ?an ,asa & ,amaziah _h be5 to ^? ( ! prophets4 ,! k+s ( ,judah 7 accu/om$1 ev5 9 ,*ronicles1 to ex]cise an un*all5g$ control ov] ! ,temple & to reg>d ! high-prie/s v mu* 9 ! light ( private *apla9s4 ,uzziah 0 wro?2 he 0 at ! z5i? ( 8 p[] & glory2 8 he>t 0 lift$ up4 ,:o 7 ^! prie/s1 t !y %\ld /& betwe5 him & ,jehovah & d>e to publicly *eck & rebuke him 9 8 own temple8 ,h5ry ,,ii4's feel+s t[>ds ,becket mu/ h be5 mild comp>$ to ^? ( ,uzziah t[>ds ,az>iah1 :o1 if ! k+ c\ld h _h 8 way1 w\ld d\btless h %>$ ! fate ( ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jehoiada4 ,b a direct int]v5tion ( ,jehovah protect$ ! prie/s1 & pres]v$ ,uzziah f fur!r sacrilege4 ,:ile 8 features 7 convuls$ ) ang]1 leprosy brake =? 9 8 =ehead4 ,! conte/ betwe5 k+ & prie/ 0 at once end$2 ! prie/s ?ru/ him out1 & he himself ha/$ to g1 recognis+ t ,jehovah _h smitt5 him4 ,h5ce=? he liv$ ap>t1 cut (f f fell[%ip alike ) man & ,god1 & 8 son ,jo?am gov]n$ 9 8 /ead4 ,! book ( ,k+s simply makes ! g5]al /atem5t t ,uzziah 0 buri$ ) 8 fa!rs 9 ! city ( ,david2 b ! *ronicl] is anxi\s t 8 read]s %\ld n suppose t ! tombs ( ! sacr$ h\se ( ,david 7 pollut$ by ! pres5ce ( a lepr\s corpse3 he expla9s t ! lep] 0 buri$1 n 9 ! royal sepul*re1 b 9 ! field atta*$ to x4 ,! moral ( ?is incid5t is obvi\s4 ,9 attempt+ to und]/& its significance1 we ne$ n tr\ble ourselves ab\t ! relative au?ority ( k+s & prie/s2 ! pr9ciple v9dicat$ by ! puni%m5t ( ,uzziah 0 ! simple duty ( ob$i5ce to an express comm& ( ,jehovah4 ,h[ev] trivial ! burn+ ( inc5se may be 9 itself1 x =m$ "p ( an elaborate & complicat$ sy/em ( ritual4 ,to int]f]e ) ! ,div9e ord9ances 9 "o detail w\ld m> ! significance & impressiv5ess ( ! :ole ,temple s]vice4 ,"o arbitr>y innovation w\ld be a prec$5t = o!rs1 & w\ld con/itute a s]i\s dang] = a sy/em ^: value lay 9 cont9u\s uni=mity4 ,moreov]1 ,uzziah 0 /ubborn 9 disob$i5ce4 ,8 attempt to burn inc5se might h be5 suffici5tly puni%$ by ! public & humiliat+ repro( ( ! high-prie/4 ,8 leprosy came ^u him because :5 ?w>t$ 9 an unholy purpose he gave way to ungov]n$ passion4 ,9 its consequ5ces we see a practical application ( ! lessons ( ! incid5t4 ,h[ (t5 is ! s9n] only provok$ to great] wick$ness by ! ob/acles :i* ,div9e grace opposes to 8 wrongdo+6 ,h[ few m5 w tol]ate ! sugge/ion t _! int5tions are cruel1 selfi%1 or di%on\rable6 ,remon/rance is an insult1 an (f5ce aga9/ _! p]sonal dignity2 !y feel t _! self-respect dem&s t !y %\ld p]sev]e 9 _! purpose1 & t !y %\ld res5t & puni% any "o :o has tri$ to ?w>t !m4 ,uzziah's wra? 0 p]fectly natural2 few m5 h be5 s uni=mly pati5t ( repro( z n sometimes to h turn$ 9 ang] ^u ^? :o w>n$ !m aga9/ s94 ,! mo/ dramatic feature ( ?is episode1 ! sudd5 fro/ ( leprosy 9 ! k+'s =ehead1 is n )\t its spiritual antitype4 ,m5's ang] at well-m]it$ repro( has (t5 blight$ _! lives once = all ) in]adicable moral leprosy4 ,9 ! madness ( passion !y h brok5 bonds :i* h hi!rto re/ra9$ !m & committ$ !mselves beyond recall to evil pursuits & fatal fri5d%ips4 ,let u take ! mo/ l5i5t view ( ,uzziah's conduct1 & suppose t he believ$ himself entitl$ to (f] inc5se2 he c\ld n d\bt t ! prie/s 7 equally confid5t t ,jehovah _h enjo9$ ! duty on !m1 & !m alone4 ,su* a "q 0 n to be decid$ by viol5ce1 9 ! heat ( p]sonal bitt]ness4 ,az>iah himself _h be5 unwisely zeal\s 9 br++ 9 8 eighty prie/s2 ,jehovah %[$ him t !y 7 q unnecess>y1 because at ! la/ ,uzziah 8himself ha/$ to g out40 ,:5 p]sonal passion & jeal\sy are elim9at$ f ,*ri/ian polemics1 ! ,*ur* w be able to write ! epitaph ( ! odium !ologicum4 ,uzziah 0 succe$$ by ,jo?am1 :o _h already gov]n$ = "s "t z reg5t4 ,9 record+ ! fav\rable judgm5t ( ! book ( ,k+s1 8,he did t :i* 0 "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah1 accord+ to all t 8 fa!r ,uzziah _h done10 ! *ronicl] is c>eful to add1 8,h[beit he ent]$ n into ! temple ( ,jehovah02 ! exclusive privilege ( ! h\se ( ,a>on _h be5 e/abli%$ once = all4 ,! /ory ( ,jo?am's reign comes l a quiet & pleasant oasis 9 ! *ronicl]'s dre>y n>rative ( wick$ rul]s1 int]sp]s$ ) pi\s k+s ^: piety fail$ !m 9 _! latt] days4 ,jo?am %>es ) ,solomon ! di/+ui%$ hon\r ( be+ a k+ ( :om no evil is record$ ei!r 9 ,k+s or ,*ronicles1 & :o di$ 9 prosp]ity1 at peace ) ,jehovah4 ,at ! same "t x is probable t ,jo?am owes ! blameless "* he be>s 9 ,*ronicles to ! fact t ! e>li] n>rative does n m5tion any mis=tunes ( 81 especially any mis=tune t[>ds ! close ( 8 life4 ,o!rwise ! !ological s*ool f :om ! *ronicl] d]iv$ 8 lat] traditions w\ld h be5 anxi\s to discov] or d$uce "s s9 to acc\nt = su* mis=tune4 ,at ! end ( ! %ort notice ( 8 reign1 betwe5 two p>ts ( ! usual clos+ =mula1 an editor ( ! book ( ,k+s has ins]t$ ! /atem5t t 89 ^? days ,jehovah began to s5d aga9/ ,judah ,rez9 ! k+ ( ,syria & ,pekah ! son ( ,remaliah40 ,?is v]se ! *ronicl] has omitt$2 nei!r ! date7#dac7 nor ! nature ( ?is tr\ble 0 cle> en\gh to ca/ any slur ^u ! "* ( ,jo?am4 ,jo?am1 aga91 _h ! rew>ds ( a pi\s k+3 he add$ a gate to ! ,temple1 & /r5g!n$ ! wall ( ,ophel7#dad71 & built cities & ca/les 9 ,judah2 he made successful w> ^u ,ammon1 & receiv$ f !m an imm5se tribute--a hundr$ tal5ts ( silv]1 t5 ?\s& measures ( :eat1 & z mu* b>ley--= ?ree successive ye>s4 ,:at happ5$ aft]w>ds we are n told4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! am\nts m5tion$ 7 paid 9 ?ree ye>ly in/alm5ts1 or t ! ?ree ye>s 7 at ! end ( ! reign1 & ! tribute came to an end :5 ,jo?am di$ or :5 ! tr\bles ) ,pekah & ,rez9 began4 ,we h _h repeat$ occasion to notice t 9 8 acc\nts ( ! good k+s ! *ronicl] almo/ always omits ! qualify+ clause to ! effect t !y did n take away ! high places4 ,he does s "h2 b1 contr>y to 8 usual practice1 he ins]ts a qualify+ clause ( 8 own3 8,! p did yet corruptly40 ,he probably _h 9 view ! unmitigat$ wick$ness ( ! foll[+ reign1 & 0 glad to reta9 ! evid5ce t ,ahaz f\nd enc\ragem5t & support 9 8 idolatry2 he is c>eful1 h[ev]1 to /ate ! fact s t no %ad[ ( blame falls ^u ,jo?am4 ,! life ( ,ahaz has be5 dealt ) else:]e4 ,"h we ne$ m]ely repeat t = ! sixte5 ye>s ( 8 reign ,judah 0 to all appe>ance utt]ly giv5 ov] to e =m ( idolatry1 & 0 oppress$ & br\ght l[ by ,israel1 ,syria1 & ,assyria4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,hezekiah3 ,! ,religi\s ,value ,( ,music4 #b ,*ron4 xxix4-xxxii4 ,! b5t ( ! *ronicl]s m9d is well illu/rat$ by ! proportion ( space assign$ to ritual by him & by ! book ( ,k+s respectively4 ,9 ! latt] a few l9es only are devot$ to ritual1 & ! bulk ( ! space is giv5 to ! invasion ( ,s5na*]ib1 ! embassy f ,babylon1 etc41 :ile 9 ,*ronicles ritual occupies ab\t ?ree times z _m v]ses z p]sonal & public affairs4 ,hezekiah1 ?\gh n blameless1 0 all b p]fect 9 8 loyalty to ,jehovah4 ,! *ronicl] reproduces ! cu/om>y =mula = a good k+3 8,he did t :i* 0 "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah1 accord+ to all t ,david 8 fa!r _h done02 b 8 cauti\s judgm5t rejects ! some:at rhetorical /atem5t 9 ,k+s t 8aft] him 0 none l him among all ! k+s ( ,judah1 nor any t 7 be=e him40 ,hezekiah's policy 0 made cle> imm$iately aft] 8 accession4 ,8 zeal = re=mation c\ld tol]ate no delay2 ! fir/ mon?7#dae7 ( ! fir/ ye> ( 8 reign saw him actively engag$ 9 ! good "w47#daf7 ,x 0 no light task t lay be=e him4 ,n only 7 !re alt>s 9 e corn] ( ,j]usalem & idolatr\s high places 9 e city ( ,judah1 b ! ,temple s]vices _h ceas$1 ! lamps 7 put out1 ! sacr$ vessels cut 9 pieces1 ! ,temple _h be5 pollut$ & !n clos$1 & ! prie/s & ,levites 7 scatt]$4 ,sixte5 ye>s ( lic5s$ idolatry mu/ h fo/]$ all t 0 vile 9 ! c\ntry1 h put wick$ m5 9 au?ority1 & creat$ num]\s ve/$ int]e/s connect$ by close ties ) idolatry1 notably ! prie/s ( all ! alt>s & high places4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! reign ( ,ahaz _h be5 an unbrok5 s]ies ( disa/]s2 ! p _h repeat$ly endur$ ! horrors ( invasion4 ,8 gov]nm5t z "t w5t on mu/ h become m & m unpopul>1 = :5 he di$ he 0 n buri$ 9 ! sepul*res ( ! k+s4 ,z idolatry 0 a prom95t feature ( 8 policy1 !re w\ld be a reaction 9 fav\r ( ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah1 & !re w\ld n be want+ true believ]s to tell ! p t _! suff]+s 7 a consequ5ce ( idolatry4 ,to a l>ge p>ty 9 ,judah ,hezekiah's rev]sal ( 8 fa!r's religi\s policy w\ld be z welcome z ,elizabe?'s decl>ation aga9/ ,rome 0 to mo/ ,engli%m54 ,hezekiah began by op5+ & repair+ ! doors ( ! ,temple4 ,its clos$ doors _h be5 a symbol ( ! national repudiation ( ,jehovah2 to reop5 !m 0 necess>ily ! fir/ /ep 9 ! reconciliation ( ,judah to its ,god1 b only ! fir/ /ep4 ,! doors 7 op5 z a sign t ,jehovah 0 invit$ to return to ,8 p & aga9 to manife/ ,8 pres5ce 9 ! ,holy ( holies1 s t ?r\gh ^? op5 doors ,israel might h access to ,him by means ( ! prie/s4 ,b ! ,temple 0 z yet no fit place = ! pres5ce ( ,jehovah4 ,) its lamps ext+ui%$1 its sacr$ vessels de/roy$1 its floors & walls ?ick ) du/ & full ( all fil?9ess1 x 0 r a symbol ( ! apo/acy ( ,judah4 ,accord+ly ,hezekiah s\ght ! help ( ! ,levites4 ,x is true t he is fir/ said to h collect$ toge!r prie/s & ,levites1 b f t po9t onw>d ! prie/s are almo/ entirely ignor$4 ,hezekiah rem9d$ ! ,levites ( ! misdo+s ( ,ahaz & 8 adh]5ts & ! wra? :i* !y _h br\ght ^u ,judah & ,j]usalem2 he told !m x 0 8 purpose to conciliate ,jehovah by mak+ a cov5ant ) ,him2 he appeal$ to !m z ! *os5 m9i/]s ( ,jehovah & ,8 temple to co-op]ate he>tily 9 ?is good "w4 ,! ,levites respond$ to 8 appeal app>5tly r 9 acts ?an words4 ,no spokesman replies to ! k+'s spee*1 b ) prompt ob$i5ce !y set ab\t _! "w =?)2 !y arose1 ,koha?ites1 sons ( ,m]>i1 ,g]%onites1 sons ( ,elizaphan1 ,asaph1 ,heman1 & ,j$u?un--! *ronicl] has a ,hom]ic fondness = catalogues ( high-s\nd+ names--! lead]s ( all ^! divisions are duly m5tion$4 ,koha?1 ,g]%on1 & ,m]>i are well kn[n z ! ?ree great clans ( ! h\se ( ,levi2 & "h we f9d ! ?ree guilds ( s+]s--,asaph1 ,heman1 & ,j$u?un--plac$ on a level ) ! old] clans4 ,elizaphan 0 app>5tly a division ( ! clan ,koha?17#dag7 :i*1 l ! guilds ( s+]s1 _h obta9$ an indep5d5t /atus4 ,! result is to recognise sev5 divisions ( ! tribe4 ,! *iefs ( ! ,levites ga!r$ _! bre?r5 toge!r1 & hav+ p]=m$ ! necess>y rites ( c]emonial cleans+ = !mselves1 w5t 9 to cleanse ! ,temple2 t is to say1 ! prie/s w5t into ! holy place & ! ,holy ( holies & br\ght out 8all ! uncleanness0 into ! c\rt1 & ! ,levites c>ri$ x away to ! brook ,kidron3 b be=e ! build+ itself c\ld be rea*$ eight days 7 sp5t 9 cleans+ ! c\rts1 & !n ! prie/s w5t into ! ,temple itself & sp5t eight days 9 cleans+ x1 9 ! mann] describ$ above4 ,!n !y report$ to ! k+ t ! cleans+ 0 f9i%$1 & especially t 8all ! vessels :i* ,k+ ,ahaz ca/ away0 _h be5 recov]$ & reconsecrat$ ) due c]emony4 ,we 7 told 9 ! previ\s *apt] t ,ahaz _h cut to pieces ! vessels ( ! ,temple1 b ^! may h be5 o!r vessels4 ,!n ,hezekiah celebrat$ a great d$ication fea/2 sev5 bullocks1 sev5 rams1 sev5 lambs1 & sev5 he-goats 7 (f]$ z a s9-(f]+ = ! dyna/y17#dah7 = ! ,temple1 = ,judah1 & 7by special comm& ( ! k+7 = all ,israel1 i4e4 = ! nor!rn tribes z well z = ,judah & ,b5jam94 ,app>5tly ?is s9-(f]+ 0 made 9 sil5ce1 b aft]w>ds ! k+ set ! ,levites & prie/s 9 _! places ) _! musical in/rum5ts1 & :5 ! burnt (f]+ began 8! song ( ,jehovah began ) ! trumpets toge!r ) ! in/rum5ts ( ,david k+ ( ,israel4 ,& all ! congregation wor%ipp$1 & ! s+]s sang1 & ! trumpet]s s\nd$10 & all ?is cont9u$ till ! burnt (f]+ 0 f9i%$4 ,:5 ! p _h be5 =mally reconcil$ to ,jehovah by ?is repres5tative national sacrifice1 & ?us purifi$ f ! uncleanness ( idolatry & consecrat$ afre% to _! ,god1 !y 7 p]mitt$ & invit$ to make individual sacrifices1 ?ank-(f]+s & burnt (f]+s4 ,ea* man might enjoy = himself ! r5ew$ privilege ( access to ,jehovah1 & obta9 ! assurance ( p>don = 8 s9s1 & (f] ?anksgiv+ = 8 own special bless+s4 ,& !y br\ght (f]+s 9 abundance3 sev5ty bullocks1 a hundr$ rams1 & two hundr$ lambs = a burnt (f]+2 & six hundr$ ox5 & ?ree ?\s& %eep = ?ank-(f]+s4 ,?us 7 ! ,temple s]vices re/or$ & re9augurat$2 & ,hezekiah & ! p rejoic$ because !y felt t ?is unprem$itat$ outbur/ ( en?usiasm 0 due to ! graci\s influ5ce ( ! ,_s ( ,jehovah4 ,! *ronicl]'s n>rative is some:at m>r$ by a t\* ( pr(essional jeal\sy4 ,accord+ to ! ord9>y ritual17#dai7 ! (f]] flay$ ! burnt (f]+s2 b = "s special reason1 p]haps because ( ! exceptional solemnity ( ! occasion1 ?is duty n[ devolv$ ^u ! prie/s4 ,b ! burnt (f]+s 7 abundant beyond all prec$5t2 ! prie/s 7 too few = ! "w1 & ! ,levites 7 call$ 9 to help !m1 8= ! ,levites 7 m upright 9 he>t to purify !mselves ?an ! prie/s40 ,app>5tly ev5 9 ! second ,temple bre?r5 did n always dwell toge!r 9 unity4 ,hezekiah _h n[ provid$ = ! regul> s]vices ( ! ,temple1 & _h giv5 ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem a full opportunity ( return+ to ,jehovah2 b ! p ( ! prov9ces 7 *iefly acqua9t$ ) ! ,temple ?r\gh ! great annual fe/ivals4 ,^!1 too1 _h long be5 9 abeyance2 & special /eps _h to be tak5 to secure _! future obs]vance4 ,9 ord] to d ?is1 x 0 necess>y to recall ! prov9cials to _! allegiance to ,jehovah4 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances ! great fe/ival ( ! ,passov] w\ld h be5 obs]v$ 9 ! fir/ mon?1 b at ! "t appo9t$ = ! pas*al fea/ ! ,temple 0 /ill unclean1 & ! prie/s & ,levites 7 occupi$ 9 its purification4 ,b ,hezekiah c\ld n endure t ! fir/ ye> ( 8 reign %\ld be m>k$ by ! omission ( ?is great fea/4 ,he took c\nsel ) ! pr9ces & public assembly--no?+ is said ab\t ! prie/s--& !y decid$ to hold ! ,passov] 9 ! second mon? in/ead ( ! fir/4 ,we ga!r f casual allusions 9 vv4 #f-h t ! k+dom ( ,sam>ia _h already come to an end2 ! p _h be5 c>ri$ into captivity1 & only a remnant 7 left 9 ! l&47#dbj7 ,f ?is po9t ! k+s ( ,judah act z religi\s heads ( ! :ole nation & t]ritory ( ,israel4 ,hezekiah s5t invitations to all ,israel f ,dan to ,be]%eba4 ,he made special ef=ts to secure a fav\rable response f ! nor!rn tribes1 s5d+ lett]s to ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 i4e41 to ! t5 tribes "u _! lead]%ip4 ,he rem9d$ !m t _! bre?r5 _h gone into captivity because ! nor!rn tribes _h des]t$ ! ,temple2 & held out to !m ! hope t1 if !y wor%ipp$ at ! ,temple & s]v$ ,jehovah1 !y %\ld !mselves escape fur!r calamity1 & _! bre?r5 & *ildr5 :o _h gone into captivity %\ld return to _! own l&4 8,s ! po/s pass$ f city to city ?r\gh ! c\ntry ( ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 ev5 unto ,zebulun40 ,ei!r ,zebulun is us$ 9 a broad s5se = all ! ,galilean tribes1 or ! phrase 8f ,be]%eba to ,dan0 is m]ely rhetorical1 = to ! nor?1 betwe5 ,zebulun & ,dan1 lay ! t]ritories ( ,a%] & ,naphtali4 ,x is to be notic$ t ! tribes beyond ,jordan are n[h]e ref]r$ to2 !y _h already fall5 out ( ! hi/ory ( ,israel1 & 7 sc>cely rememb]$ 9 ! "t ( ! *ronicl]4 ,hezekiah's appeal to ! surviv+ communities ( ! nor!rn k+dom fail$3 !y laugh$ 8 mess5g]s to scorn1 & mock$ !m2 b individuals respond$ to 8 invitation 9 su* numb]s t !y are spok5 ( z 8a multitude ( ! p1 ev5 _m ( ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 ,issa*> & ,zebulun40 ,!re 7 also m5 ( ,a%] among ! nor!rn pilgrims47#dba7 ,! pi\s en?usiasm ( ,judah /ood out 9 vivid contra/ to ! /ubborn imp5it5ce ( ! majority ( ! t5 tribes4 ,by ! grace ( ,god1 ,judah 0 ( "o he>t to obs]ve ! fea/ appo9t$ by ,jehovah ?r\gh ! k+ & pr9ces1 s t !re 0 ga!r$ 9 ,j]usalem a v great assembly ( wor%ipp]s1 surpass+ ev5 ! great ga!r+s :i* ! *ronicl] _h witness$ at ! annual fea/s4 ,b ?\gh ! ,temple _h be5 cleans$1 ! ,holy ,city 0 n yet free f ! ta9t ( idolatry4 ,! "* ( ! ,passov] dem&$ t n only ! ,temple1 b ! :ole city1 %\ld be pure4 ,! pas*al lamb 0 eat5 at home1 & ! doorpo/s ( ! h\se 7 spr9kl$ ) its blood4 ,b ,ahaz _h set up alt>s at e corn] ( ! city2 no dev\t ,israelite c\ld tol]ate ! symbols ( idolatr\s wor%ip close to ! h\se 9 :i* he celebrat$ ! solemn rites ( ! ,passov]4 ,accord+ly be=e ! ,passov] 0 kill$ ^! alt>s 7 remov$47#dbb7 ,!n ! great fea/ began2 b aft] long ye>s ( idolatry nei!r ! p nor ! prie/s & ,levites 7 suffici5tly famili> ) ! rites ( ! fe/ival to be able to p]=m !m )\t "s difficulty & confusion4 ,z a rule ea* head ( a h\sehold kill$ 8 own lamb2 b _m ( ! wor%ipp]s1 especially ^? f ! nor?1 7 n c]emonially clean3 & ?is task devolv$ ^u ! ,levites4 ,! imm5se conc\rse ( wor%ipp]s & ! additional "w ?r[n ^u ! ,temple m9i/ry mu/ h made extraord9>y dem&s on _! zeal & en]gy47#dbc7 ,at fir/ app>5tly !y hesitat$1 & 7 incl9$ to ab/a9 f dis*>g+ _! usual duties4 ,a passov] 9 a mon? n appo9t$ by ,moses1 b decid$ on by ! civil au?orities )\t consult+ ! prie/hood1 might seem a d\btful & dang]\s innovation4 ,recollect+ ,az>iah's successful ass]tion ( hi]>*ical pr]ogative aga9/ ,uzziah1 !y might be incl9$ to attempt a simil> resi/ance to ,hezekiah4 ,b ! pi\s en?usiasm ( ! p cle>ly %[$ t ! ,_s ( ,jehovah inspir$ _! some:at irregul> zeal2 s t ! ecclesia/ical (ficials 7 %am$ out ( _! unsympa!tic attitude1 & came =w>d to take _! full %>e & ev5 m ?an _! full %>e 9 ?is glori\s r$$ication ( ,israel to ,jehovah4 ,b a fur!r difficulty rema9$3 uncleanness n only disqualifi$ f kill+ ! pas*al lambs1 b f tak+ any "p 9 ! ,passov]2 & a multitude ( ! p 7 unclean4 ,yet x w\ld h be5 ungraci\s & ev5 dang]\s to disc\rage _! newborn zeal by exclud+ !m f ! fe/ival2 moreov]1 _m ( !m 7 wor%ipp]s f among ! t5 tribes1 :o _h come 9 response to a special invitation1 :i* mo/ ( _! fell[-c\ntrym5 _h reject$ ) scorn & contempt4 ,if !y _h be5 s5t back because !y _h fail$ to cleanse !mselves accord+ to a ritual ( :i* !y 7 ignorant1 & ( :i* ,hezekiah might h kn[n !y w\ld be ignorant1 bo? ! k+ & 8 gue/s w\ld h incurr$ measureless ridicule f ! impi\s nor!rn]s4 ,accord+ly !y 7 all[$ to take "p 9 ! ,passov] despite _! uncleanness4 ,b ?is p]mission c\ld only be grant$ ) s]i\s appreh5sions z to its consequ5ces4 ,! ,law ?reat5$ ) dea? any "o :o att5d$ ! s]vices ( ! sanctu>y 9 a /ate ( uncleanness47#dbd7 ,possibly !re 7 already signs ( an outbreak ( pe/il5ce2 at any rate1 ! dread ( ,div9e puni%m5t = sacrilegi\s presumption w\ld di/ress ! :ole assembly & m> _! enjoym5t ( ,div9e fell[%ip4 ,aga9 x is no prie/ or prophet1 b ! k+1 ! ,messiah1 :o comes =w>d z ! m$iator betwe5 ,god & man4 ,hezekiah pray$ = !m1 say+1 8,jehovah1 9 ,8 grace & m]cy17#dbe7 p>don e "o t sette? 8 he>t to seek ,elohim ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs1 ?\gh he be n cleans$ accord+ to ! ritual ( ! ,temple4 ,& ,jehovah he>k5$ to ,hezekiah1 & heal$ ! p10 i4e41 ei!r heal$ !m f actual disease or reliev$ !m f ! fe> ( pe/il5ce4 ,& s ! fea/ w5t on happily & prosp]\sly1 & 0 prolong$ by acclamation = an additional sev5 days4 ,dur+ f\rte5 days k+ & pr9ces1 prie/s & ,levites1 ,jews & ,israelites1 rejoic$ be=e ,jehovah2 ?\s&s ( bullocks & %eep smok$ ^u ! alt>2 & n[ ! prie/s 7 n backw>d3 great numb]s purifi$ !mselves to s]ve ! popul> devotion4 ,! prie/s & ,levites sang & made melody to ,jehovah1 s t ! ,levites e>n$ ! k+'s special comm5dation4 ,! great fe/ival end$ ) a solemn b5$iction3 8,! prie/s7#dbf7 arose & bless$ ! p1 & _! voice 0 he>d1 & _! pray] came to ,8 holy habitation1 ev5 unto heav540 ,! prie/s1 & ?r\gh !m ! p1 receiv$ ! assurance t _! solemn & prolong$ wor%ip _h met ) graci\s acceptance4 ,we h already m ?an once _h occasion to consid] ! *ronicl]'s ma9 !me3 ! importance ( ! ,temple1 its ritual1 & its m9i/]s4 ,incid5tally & p]haps unconsci\sly1 he "h sugge/s ano!r lesson1 :i* is specially significant z com+ f an ard5t rituali/1 namely ! necess>y limitations ( uni=mity 9 ritual4 ,hezekiah's celebration ( ! ,passov] is full ( irregul>ities3 x is held 9 ! wrong mon?2 x is prolong$ to twice ! usual p]iod2 !re are among/ ! wor%ipp]s multitudes ( unclean p]sons1 ^: pres5ce at ^! s]vices ought to h be5 visit$ ) t]rible puni%m5t4 ,all is condon$ on ! gr\nd ( em]g5cy1 & ! ritual laws are set aside )\t consult+ ! ecclesia/ical (ficials4 ,ev]y?+ s]ves to emphasise ! lesson we t\*$ on 9 connection ) ,david's sacrifices at ! ?re%+-floor ( ,ornan ! ,jebusite3 ritual is made = man1 & n man = ritual4 ,complete uni=mity may be insi/$ on 9 ord9>y times1 b c be disp5s$ ) 9 any press+ em]g5cy2 necessity kn[s no law1 n ev5 ! ,torah ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,moreov]1 9 su* em]g5cies x is n necess>y to wait = ! initiative or ev5 ! sanction ( ecclesia/ical (ficials2 ! supreme au?ority 9 ! ,*ur* 9 all its great crises resides 9 ! :ole body ( believ]s4 ,no "o is entitl$ to speak ) great] au?ority on ! limitations ( ritual ?an a /rong advocate ( ! sanctity ( ritual l ! *ronicl]2 & we may well note1 z "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s m>ks ( 8 inspiration1 ! sanctifi$ common s5se %[n by 8 frank & sympa!tic record ( ! irregul>ities ( ,hezekiah's passov]4 ,d\btless em]g5cies _h aris5 ev5 9 8 own exp]i5ce ( ! great fea/s ( ! ,temple t _h taught him ?is lesson2 & x says mu* = ! heal?y tone ( ! ,temple community 9 8 day t he does n attempt to reconcile ! practice ( ,hezekiah ) ! law ( ,moses by any h>moni/ic quibbles4 ,! "w ( purification & re/oration1 h[ev]1 0 /ill incomplete3 ! ,temple _h be5 cleans$ f ! pollutions ( idolatry1 ! hea!n alt>s _h be5 remov$ f ,j]usalem1 b ! high places rema9$ 9 all ! cities ( ,judah4 ,:5 ! ,passov] 0 at la/ f9i%$1 ! assembl$ multitude1 8all ,israel t 7 pres5t10 set out1 l ! ,engli% or ,scot* ,puritans1 on a great iconocla/ic exp$ition4 ,?r\gh\t ! l5g? & bread? ( ! ,l& ( ,promise1 ?r\gh\t ,judah & ,b5jam91 ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 !y brake 9 pieces ! sacr$ pill>s1 & hew$ d[n ! ,a%]im1 & brake d[n ! high places & alt>s2 !n !y w5t home4 ,mean:ile ,hezekiah 0 engag$ 9 reorganis+ ! prie/s & ,levites & arrang+ = ! paym5t & di/ribution ( ! sacr$ dues4 ,! k+ set an example ( lib]ality by mak+ provision = ! daily1 weekly1 mon?ly1 & fe/ival (f]+s4 ,! p 7 n sl[ to imitate him2 !y br\ght fir/-fruits & ti!s 9 su* abundance t f\r mon?s 7 sp5t 9 pil+ up heaps ( (f]+s4 8,?us did ,hezekiah ?r\gh\t all ,judah2 & he wr\ght t :i* 0 good1 & "r1 & fai?ful be=e ,jehovah 8 ,god2 & 9 e "w t he began 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,temple1 & 9 ! ,law1 & 9 ! comm&m5ts1 to seek 8 ,god1 he did x ) all 8 he>t1 & br\ght x to a successful issue40 ,!n foll[ an acc\nt ( ! deliv]ance f ,s5na*]ib & ( ,hezekiah's recov]y f sickness1 a ref]5ce to 8 undue pride 9 ! matt] ( ! embassy f ,babylon1 & a description ( ! prosp]ity ( 8 reign1 all = ! mo/ "p abridg$ f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! prophet ,isaiah1 h[ev]1 is almo/ ignor$4 ,a few ( ! m important modifications des]ve "s little att5tion4 ,we are told t ! ,assyrian invasion 0 8aft] ^! ?+s & ?is fai?fulness10 9 ord] t we may n =get t ! ,div9e deliv]ance 0 a recomp5se = ,hezekiah's loyalty to ,jehovah4 ,:ile ! book ( ,k+s tells u t ,s5na*]ib took all ! f5c$ cities ( ,judah1 ! *ronicl] feels t ev5 ?is measure ( mis=tune w\ld n h be5 all[$ to befall a k+ :o _h j reconcil$ ,israel to ,jehovah1 & m]ely says t ,s5na*]ib purpos$ to break ^! cities up4 ,! *ronicl]7#dbg7 has pres]v$ an acc\nt ( ! measures tak5 by ,hezekiah = ! def5ce ( 8 capital3 h[ he /opp$ up ! f\nta9s & wat]c\rses outside ! city1 s t a besieg+ army might n f9d wat]1 & repair$ & /r5g!n$ ! walls1 & enc\rag$ 8 p to tru/ 9 ,jehovah4 ,probably ! /opp+ ( ! wat] supply outside ! walls 0 connect$ ) an op]ation m5tion$ at ! close ( ! n>rative ( ,hezekiah's reign3 8,hezekiah also /opp$ ! upp] spr+ ( ! wat]s ( ,gihon1 & br\ght !m /raight d[n on ! we/ side ( ! city ( ,david407#dbh7 ,moreov]1 ! *ronicl]'s /atem5ts are bas$ ^u #b ,k+s xx4 #bj1 :]e x is said t 8,hezekiah made ! pool & ! conduit & br\ght wat] into ! city40 ,! *ronicl] 0 ( c\rse intimately acqua9t$ ) ! topography ( ,j]usalem 9 8 own days1 & uses 8 k to int]pret & exp& ! /atem5t 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,he 0 possibly guid$ 9 "p by ,isa4 xxii4 #i1 #aa1 :]e ! 8ga!r+ toge!r ! wat]s ( ! l[] pool0 & ! 8mak+ a res]voir betwe5 ! two walls = ! wat] ( ! old pool0 are m5tion$ z precautions tak5 9 view ( a probable ,assyrian siege4 ,! rec5t inve/igations ( ! ,pale/9e ,exploration ,fund h l$ to ! discov]y ( aqu$ucts1 & /oppages1 & div]sions ( wat]c\rses :i* are said to correspond to ! op]ations m5tion$ by ! *ronicl]4 ,if ?is be ! case1 !y %[ a v accurate k on 8 "p ( ! topography ( ,j]usalem 9 8 own day1 & also illu/rate 8 c>e to utilise all exi/+ evid5ce 9 ord] to obta9 a cle> & accurate int]pretation ( ! /atem5ts ( 8 au?ority4 ,! reign ( ,hezekiah appe>s a suitable opportunity to introduce a few rem>ks on ! importance :i* ! *ronicl] atta*es to ! music ( ! ,temple s]vices4 ,?\gh ! music is n m prom95t ) him ?an ) "s e>li] k+s1 yet 9 ! case ( ,david1 ,solomon1 & ,jeho%aphat o!r subjects pres5t$ !mselves = special treatm5t2 & ,hezekiah's reign be+ ! la/ 9 :i* ! music ( ! sanctu>y is specially dwelt ^u1 we are able "h to review ! v>i\s ref]5ces to ?is subject4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! *ronicl] tells 8 /ory ( ! virtu\s days ( ! good k+s to a cont9ual accompanim5t ( ,temple music4 ,we he> ( ! play+ & s++ :5 ! ,ark 0 br\ght to ! h\se ( ,ob$-edom2 :5 x 0 tak5 into ! city ( ,david2 at ! d$ication ( ! ,temple2 at ! battle betwe5 ,abijah & ,j]oboam2 at ,asa's re=mation2 9 connection ) ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,ammonites1 ,moabites1 & ,meunim 9 ! reign ( ,jeho%aphat2 at ! coronation ( ,joa%2 at ,hezekiah's fea/s2 & aga91 ?\gh less emphatically1 at ,josiah's passov]4 ,no d\bt ! special prom95ce giv5 to ! subject indicates a pr(essional int]e/ on ! "p ( ! au?or4 ,if1 h[ev]1 music occupies an undue proportion ( 8 space1 & he has abridg$ acc\nts ( m important matt]s to make room = 8 fav\rite !me1 yet !re is no reason to suppose t 8 actual /atem5ts ov]rate ! ext5t to :i* music 0 us$ 9 wor%ip or ! importance atta*$ to x4 ,! old] n>ratives ref] to ! music 9 ! case ( ,david & ,joa%1 & assign psalms & songs to ,david & ,solomon4 ,moreov]1 ,judaism is by no means alone 9 its fondness = music1 b %>es ?is *>act]i/ic ) almo/ all religions4 ,we h spok5 ( ! *ronicl] s f> *iefly z a pr(essional musician1 b x %\ld be cle>ly und]/ood t ! t]m mu/ be tak5 9 its be/ s5se4 ,he 0 by no means s absorb$ 9 ! te*nique ( 8 art z to =get its sacr$ significance2 he 0 n less a wor%ipp] himself because he 0 ! m9i/] or ag5t ( ! common wor%ip4 ,8 acc\nts ( ! fe/ivals %[ a he>ty appreciation ( ! entire ritual2 & 8 ref]5ces to ! music d n give u ! te*nical circum/ances ( its production1 b r emphasise its g5]al effect4 ,! *ronicl]'s s5se ( ! religi\s value ( music is l>gely t ( a dev\t wor%ipp]1 :o is l$ to set =? = ! b5efit ( o!rs a tru? :i* is ! fruit ( 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,?is exp]i5ce is n conf9$ to tra9$ musicians2 inde$1 a sci5tific k ( ! art may sometimes int]f]e ) its devotional influ5ce4 ,criticism may take ! place ( wor%ip2 & ! he>]1 in/ead ( yield+ to ! sacr$ sugge/ions ( hymn or an!m1 may be di/ract$ by 8 /hetic judgm5t z to ! m]its ( ! composition & ! skill %[n by its r5d]+4 ,9 ! same way critical appreciation ( voice1 elocution1 lit]>y /yle1 & intellectual p[] does n always conduce to edification f a s]mon4 ,9 ! true/ culture1 h[ev]1 s5sitiv5ess to ^! second>y qualities has become habitual & automatic1 & bl5ds itself imp]ceptibly ) ! religi\s consci\sness ( spiritual influ5ce4 ,! latt] is ?us help$ by excell5ce & only slightly h9d]$ by m9or defects 9 ! natural means4 ,b ! v abs5ce ( any great sci5tific k ( music may leave ! _s op5 to ! spell :i* sacr$ music is int5d$ to ex]cise1 s t all *e]ful & guileless s\ls may be 8mov$ ) concord ( sweet s\nds10 & sad & we>y he>ts f9d com=t 9 subdu$ /ra9s t brea! sympa?y ( :i* words are incapable4 ,music1 z a mode ( utt]ance mov+ )9 ! re/ra9ts ( a regul> ord]1 naturally atta*es itself to ritual4 ,z ! e>lie/ lit]ature is poetry1 ! e>lie/ liturgy is musical4 ,melody is ! simple/ & mo/ obvi\s means by :i* ! utt]ances ( a body ( wor%ipp]s c be comb9$ into a seemly act ( wor%ip4 ,! m]e repetition ( ! same words by a congregation 9 ord9>y spee* is apt to be want+ 9 impressiv5ess or ev5 9 decorum2 ! use ( tune enables a congregation to unite 9 wor%ip ev5 :5 _m ( its memb]s are /rang]s to ea* o!r4 ,aga91 music may be reg>d$ z an expansion ( language3 n new dialect1 b a collection ( symbols t c express ?\ght1 & m especially emotion1 = :i* m]e spee* has no vocabul>y4 ,?is new =m ( language naturally becomes an auxili>y ( religion4 ,words are clumsy in/rum5ts = ! expression ( ! he>t1 & are lea/ effici5t :5 !y und]take to set =? moral & spiritual ideas4 ,music c transc5d m]e spee* 9 t\*+ ! s\l to f9e issues1 sugge/+ visions ( ?+s ineffable & unse54 ,br[n+ makes ,abt ,vogl] say ( ! mo/ endur+ & supreme hopes t ,god has grant$ to m51 8',tis we musicians "k02 b ! message ( music comes home ) p[] to _m :o h no skill 9 its art4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,manasseh3 ,rep5tance ,& ,=giv5ess4 #b ,*ron4 xxxiii4 ,9 tell+ ! melan*oly /ory ( ! wick$ness ( ,manasseh 9 ! fir/ p]iod ( 8 reign1 ! *ronicl] reproduces ! book ( ,k+s1 ) "o or two omissions & o!r slight alt]ations4 ,he omits ! "n ( ,manasseh's "m2 %e 0 call$ ,hephzi-bah--8,my pleasure is 9 h]40 ,9 any case1 :5 ! son ( a godly fa!r turns out badly1 & no?+ is kn[n ab\t ! "m1 un*>itable p might cr$it h] ) 8 wick$ness4 ,b ! *ronicl]'s read]s 7 famili> ) ! great influ5ce ( ! que5-"m 9 ,ori5tal /ates4 ,:5 !y read t ! son ( ,hezekiah came to ! ?rone at ! age ( twelve & aft]w>ds gave himself up to e =m ( idolatry1 !y w\ld naturally ascribe 8 dep>ture f 8 fa!r's ways to ! sugge/ions ( 8 "m4 ,! *ronicl] is n will+ t ! pi\s ,hezekiah %\ld lie "u ! imputation ( hav+ tak5 delight 9 an ungodly woman1 & s h] "n is omitt$4 ,! cont5ts ( #b ,k+s xxi4 #aj-af are also omitt$2 !y consi/ ( a prophetic utt]ance & fur!r p>ticul>s z to ! s9s ( ,manasseh2 !y are virtually replac$ by ! additional in=mation 9 ,*ronicles4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( ! *ronicl]1 ! hi/ory ( ,manasseh 9 ! book ( ,k+s 0 f> f satisfactory4 ,! e>li] writ] _h n only fail$ to provide mat]ials f :i* a suitable moral c\ld be d$uc$1 b he _h also told ! /ory s t undesirable conclusions might be drawn4 ,manasseh s9n$ m wick$ly ?an any o!r k+ ( ,judah3 ,ahaz m]ely pollut$ & clos$ ! ,temple1 b ,manasseh 8built alt>s = all ! ho/ ( heav5 9 ! two c\rts ( ! ,temple10 & set up 9 x an idol4 ,& yet 9 ! e>li] n>rative ?is mo/ wick$ k+ escap$ )\t any p]sonal puni%m5t at all4 ,moreov]1 l5g? ( days 0 "o ( ! rew>ds :i* ,jehovah 0 wont to be/[ ^u ! righte\s2 b :ile ,ahaz 0 cut (f at ?irty-six1 9 ! prime ( manhood1 ,manasseh surviv$ to ! mature age ( sixty-sev51 & reign$ fifty-five ye>s4 ,h[ev]1 ! hi/ory rea*$ ! *ronicl] 9 a m satisfactory =m4 ,manasseh 0 duly puni%$1 & 8 long reign fully acc\nt$ =47#dbi7 ,:51 9 spite ( ,div9e w>n+1 ,manasseh & 8 p p]si/$ 9 _! s91 ,jehovah s5t aga9/ !m 8! capta9s ( ! ho/ ( ! k+ ( ,assyria1 :i* took ,manasseh 9 *a9s1 & b\nd him ) fett]s17#dcj7 & c>ri$ him to ,babylon40 ,! ,assyrian invasion ref]r$ to "h is p>tially confirm$ by ! fact t ! "n ( ,manasseh occurs among/ ! tribut>ies ( ,es>haddon & 8 successor1 ,assur-bani-pal4 ,! m5tion ( ,babylon z 8 place ( captivity r ?an ,n9eveh may be acc\nt$ = by suppos+ t ,manasseh 0 tak5 prison] 9 ! reign ( ,es>haddon4 ,?is k+ ( ,assyria rebuilt ,babylon1 & sp5t mu* ( 8 "t !re4 ,he is said to h be5 ( a k9dly disposition & to h ex]cis$ t[>ds o!r royal captives ! same clem5cy :i* he ext5d$ to ,manasseh4 ,= ! ,jewi% k+'s mis=tunes l$ him to rep5tance3 8,:5 he 0 9 tr\ble1 he bes\ght ,jehovah 8 ,god1 & humbl$ himself greatly be=e ! ,god ( 8 fa!rs1 & pray$ unto him40 ,among/ ! ,greek ,apocrypha is f\nd a 8,pray] ( ,manasses10 d\btless int5d$ by its au?or to repres5t ! pray] ref]r$ to 9 ,*ronicles4 ,9 x ,manasseh celebrates ! ,div9e glory1 confesses 8 great wick$ness1 & asks t 8 p5it5ce may be accept$ & t he may obta9 deliv]ance4 ,if ^! 7 ! t]ms ( ,manasseh's pray]s1 !y 7 he>d & answ]$2 & ! captive k+ return$ to ,j]usalem a dev\t wor%ipp] & fai?ful s]vant ( ,jehovah4 ,he at once set to "w to undo ! evil he _h wr\ght 9 ! =m] p]iod ( 8 reign4 ,he took away ! idol & ! hea!n alt>s f ! ,temple1 re/or$ ! alt> ( ,jehovah1 & re-e/abli%$ ! ,temple s]vices4 ,9 e>li] days he _h l$ ! p into idolatry2 n[ he comm&$ !m to s]ve ,jehovah1 & ! p ob$i5tly foll[$ ! k+'s example4 ,app>5tly he f\nd x impracticable to int]f]e ) ! high places2 b !y 7 s f> purifi$ f corruption t1 ?\gh ! p /ill sacrific$ at ^! illegal sanctu>ies1 !y wor%ipp$ exclusively ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,l mo/ ( ! pi\s k+s1 8 prosp]ity 0 p>tly %[n by 8 ext5sive build+ op]ations4 ,foll[+ 9 ! foot/eps ( ,jo?am1 he /r5g!n$ or repair$ ! =tifications ( ,j]usalem1 especially ab\t ,ophel4 ,he fur!r provid$ = ! safety ( 8 dom9ions by plac+ capta9s1 & d\btless also g>risons1 9 ! f5c$ cities ( ,judah4 ,! int]e/ tak5 by ! ,jews ( ! second ,temple 9 ! hi/ory ( ,manasseh is %[n by ! fact t ! *ronicl] is able to m5tion1 n only ! 8,acts ( ! ,k+s ( ,israel10 b a second au?ority3 8,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,se]s40 ,! imag9ation ( ! ,t>gumi/s & o!r lat] writ]s embelli%$ ! hi/ory ( ,manasseh's captivity & release ) _m /rik+ & romantic circum/ances4 ,! life ( ,manasseh practically completes ! *ronicl]'s s]ies ( object-lessons 9 ! doctr9e ( retribution2 ! hi/ory ( ! lat] k+s only provides illu/rations simil> to ^? already giv54 ,^! object-lessons are closely connect$ ) ! tea*+ ( ,ezekiel4 ,9 deal+ ) ! "q ( h]$ity 9 guilt1 ! prophet is l$ to set =? ! "* & =tunes ( f\r diff]5t classes ( m54 ,fir/7#dca7 we h two simple cases3 ! righte\sness ( ! righte\s %all be ^u him1 & ! wick$ness ( ! wick$ %all be ^u him4 ,^! h be5 respectively illu/rat$ by ! prosp]ity ( ,solomon & ,jo?am & ! mis=tunes ( ,jehoram1 ,ahaziah1 ,a?aliah1 & ,ahaz4 ,aga91 dep>t+ some:at f ! ord] ( ,ezekiel--8,:5 ! righte\s turne? away f 8 righte\sness1 & committe? iniquity1 & doe? accord+ to all ! abom9ations ( ! wick$ man1 %all he live8 ,none ( 8 righte\s de$s t he ha? done %all be rememb]$2 9 8 trespass t he ha? trespass$ & 9 8 s9 t he ha? s9n$ he %all die0--"h we h ! pr9ciple t 9 ,*ronicles gov]ns ! ,div9e deal+s ) ! k+s :o began to reign well & !n fell away into s93 ,asa1 ,joa%1 ,amaziah1 & ,uzziah4 ,we rea*$ ?is po9t 9 our discussion ( ! doctr9e ( retribution 9 connection ) ,asa4 ,s f> ! lessons taught 7 salut>y3 !y might det] f s92 b !y 7 gloomy & depress+3 !y gave little enc\ragem5t to hope = success 9 ! /ruggle aft] righte\sness1 & sugge/$ t few w\ld escape t]rible p5alties ( failure4 ,david & ,solomon =m$ a class by !mselves2 an ord9>y man c\ld n aspire to _! almo/ sup]natural virtue4 ,9 8 lat] hi/ory ! *ronicl] is *iefly b5t on illu/rat+ ! frailty ( man & ! wra? ( ,god4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t tea*es a simil> lesson :5 x asks1 8,if ! righte\s is sc>cely sav$1 :]e %all ! ungodly & s9n] appe>807#dcb7 ,b 9 ,*ronicles n ev5 ! righte\s is sav$4 ,aga9 & aga9 we are told at a k+'s accession t he 8did t :i* 0 good & "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah02 & yet be=e ! reign closes he =feits ! ,div9e fav\r1 & at la/ dies ru9$ & disgrac$4 ,b ?is sombre picture is reliev$ by occasional gleams ( light4 ,ezekiel furni%es a f\r? type ( religi\s exp]i5ce3 8,if ! wick$ turn f all 8 s9s t he ha? committ$1 & keep all ,my /atutes1 & d t :i* is lawful & "r1 he %all live2 he %all n die4 ,none ( 8 transgressions t he ha? committ$ %all be rememb]$ aga9/ him2 9 8 righte\sness t he ha? done he %all live4 ,h ,i any pleasure 9 ! dea? ( ! wick$1 sai? ! ,"l ,jehovah1 & n r t he %\ld return f 8 way & live807#dcc7 ,! "o /rik+ & complete example ( ?is pr9ciple is ! hi/ory ( ,manasseh4 ,x is true t ,rehoboam also rep5t$1 b ! *ronicl] does n make x cle> t 8 rep5tance 0 p]man5t4 ,manasseh is unique alike 9 extreme wick$ness1 s9c]e p5it5ce1 & ?or\gh re=mation4 ,! re=mation ( ,julius ,cs> or ( our ,h5ry ,v41 or1 to take a diff]5t class ( in/ance1 ! conv]sion ( ,/4 ,paul1 0 no?+ comp>$ to ! conv]sion ( ,manasseh4 ,x 0 z ?\gh ,h]od ! ,great or ,cs> ,borgia _h be5 *eck$ midway 9 a c>e] ( cruelty & vice1 & _h !nce=w>d liv$ pure & holy lives1 glorify+ ,god by m9i/]+ to _! fell[-m54 ,su* a rep5tance gives u hope = ! mo/ ab&on$4 ,9 ! =giv5ess ( ,manasseh ! p5it5t s9n] receives assurance t ,god w =give ev5 ! mo/ guilty4 ,! acc\nt ( 8 clos+ ye>s %[s t ev5 a c>e] ( desp]ate wick$ness 9 ! pa/ ne$ n h9d] ! p5it5t f r5d]+ acceptable s]vice to ,god & end+ 8 life 9 ! enjoym5t ( ,div9e fav\r & bless+4 ,manasseh becomes 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t :at ! ,prodigal ,son is 9 ! ,new3 ! "o great symbol ( ! possibilities ( human nature & ! inf9ite m]cy ( ,god4 ,! *ronicl]'s !ology is z simple & /raight=w>d z t ( ,ezekiel4 ,manasseh rep5ts1 submits himself1 & is =giv54 ,8 captivity app>5tly _h expiat$ 8 guilt1 z f> z expiation 0 necess>y4 ,nei!r prophet nor *ronicl] 0 consci\s ( ! moral difficulties t h be5 f\nd 9 s simple a plan ( salvation4 ,! problems ( an objective atonem5t _h n yet ris5 above _! horizon4 ,^! incid5ts af=d ano!r illu/ration ( ! necess>y limitations ( ritual4 ,9 ! great crisis ( ,manasseh's spiritual life1 ! ,levitical ord9ances play$ no "p2 !y mov$ on a l[] level1 & m9i/]$ to less urg5t ne$s4 ,probably ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah 0 /ill susp5d$ dur+ ,manasseh's captivity2 none ! less ,manasseh 0 able to make 8 peace ) ,god4 ,ev5 if !y 7 punctually obs]v$1 ( :at use 7 s]vices at ! ,temple 9 ,j]usalem to a p5it5t s9n] at ,babylon8 ,:5 ,manasseh return$ to ,j]usalem1 he re/or$ ! ,temple wor%ip1 & (f]$ sacrifices ( peace-(f]+s & ( ?anksgiv+2 no?+ is said ab\t s9-(f]+s4 ,8 sacrifices 7 n ! condition ( 8 p>don1 b ! seal & tok5 ( a reconciliation already effect$4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ,manasseh anticipat$ t ( ! ,jews ( ! ,captivity3 he discov]$ ! possibility ( fell[%ip ) ,jehovah1 f> away f ! ,holy ,l&1 )\t temple1 prie/1 or sacrifice4 ,! *ronicl]1 p]haps unconsci\sly already =e%ad[s ! com+ ( ! h\r :5 m5 %\ld wor%ip ! ,fa!r nei!r 9 ! holy m\nta9 ( ,sam>ia nor yet 9 ,j]usalem4 ,be=e relat+ ! outw>d acts :i* te/ifi$ ! s9c]ity ( ,manasseh's rep5tance1 ! *ronicl] devotes a s+le s5t5ce to ! happy influ5ce ( =giv5ess & deliv]ance ^u ,manasseh himself4 ,:5 8 pray] _h be5 he>d1 & 8 exile 0 at an end1 !n ,manasseh knew & ackn[l$g$ t ,jehovah 0 ,god4 ,m5 fir/ beg9 to "k ,god :5 !y h be5 =giv54 ,! ali5at$ & disob$i5t1 if !y ?9k ( ,him at all1 m]ely h glimpses ( ,8 v5geance & try to p]suade !mselves t ,he is a /]n ,tyrant4 ,by ! p5it5t n yet assur$ ( ! possibility ( reconciliation ,god is *iefly ?\ght ( z a righte\s ,judge4 ,:at did ! ,prodigal ,son "k ab\t 8 fa!r :5 he ask$ = ! portion ( goods t fell to him or :ile he 0 wa/+ 8 sub/ance 9 riot\s liv+8 ,ev5 :5 he came to himself1 he ?\ght ( ! fa!r's h\se z a place :]e !re 0 bread en\gh & to sp>e2 & he suppos$ t 8 fa!r might endure to see him liv+ at home 9 p]man5t disgrace1 on ! foot+ ( a hir$ s]vant4 ,:5 he rea*$ home1 aft] he _h be5 met a great way on ) compassion & be5 welcom$ ) an embrace1 he began = ! fir/ "t to und]/& 8 fa!r's "*4 ,s ! k ( ,god's love dawns ^u ! s\l 9 ! bless$ exp]i5ce ( =giv5ess2 & because love & =giv5ess are m /range & une>?ly ?an rebuke & *a/isem5t1 ! s9n] is humbl$ by p>don f> m ?an by puni%m5t2 & 8 trembl+ submission to ! righte\s ,judge deep5s into pr(\nd] rev]5ce & awe = ! ,god :o c =give1 :o is sup]ior to all v9dictiv5ess1 ^: inf9ite res\rces enable ,him to blot out ! guilt1 to cancel ! p5alty1 & annul ! consequ5ces ( s94 8,!re is =giv5ess ) ,!e1 ,t ,?\ maye/ be fe>$407#dcd7 ,! words t /& 9 ! =efront ( ! ,"l's ,pray]1 8,hall[$ be ,?y "n10 are virtually a petition t s9n]s may rep5t1 & be conv]t$1 & obta9 =giv5ess4 ,9 seek+ = a ,*ri/ian p>allel to ! doctr9e exp\nd$ by ,ezekiel & illu/rat$ by ,*ronicles1 we h to rememb] t ! p]man5t elem5ts 9 primitive doctr9e are (t5 to be f\nd by remov+ ! limitations :i* imp]fect fai? has impos$ on ! possibilities ( human nature & ,div9e m]cy4 ,we h already sugge/$ t ! *ronicl]'s some:at rigid doctr9e ( temporal rew>ds & puni%m5ts symbolises ! inevitable influ5ce ( conduct on ! developm5t ( "*4 ,! doctr9e ( ,god's attitude t[>ds backslid+ & rep5tance seems some:at arbitr>y z set =? by ,ezekiel & ,*ronicles4 ,a man app>5tly is n to be judg$ by 8 :ole life1 b only by ! moral p]iod t is clos$ by 8 dea?4 ,if 8 la/ ye>s be pi\s1 8 =m] transgressions are =gott52 if 8 la/ ye>s be evil1 8 righte\s de$s are equally =gott54 ,:ile we gratefully accept ! =giv5ess ( s9n]s1 su* tea*+ z to backslid]s seems a little cynical2 & ?\gh1 by ,god's grace & discipl9e1 a man may be l$ ?r\gh & out ( s9 into righte\sness1 we are naturally suspici\s ( a life ( 8righte\s de$s0 :i* t[>ds its close lapses into gross & op5 s94 8,nemo rep5te turpissimus fit40 ,we are incl9$ to believe t ! f9al lapse reveals ! true bias ( ! :ole "*4 ,b ! *ronicl] sugge/s m ?an ?is3 by 8 hi/ory ( ! almo/ uni=m failure ( ! pi\s k+s to p]sev]e to ! end1 he seems to tea* t ! piety ( e>ly & mature life is ei!r unreal or else is unable to survive z body & m9d we> out4 ,?is doctr9e has sometimes1 inconsid]ately no d\bt1 be5 taught f ,*ri/ian pulpits2 & yet ! tru? ( :i* ! doctr9e is a misrepres5tation supplies a correction ( ! =m] pr9ciple t a life is to be judg$ by its close4 ,putt+ aside any "q ( positive s91 a man's clos+ ye>s sometimes seem cold1 n>r[1 & selfi% :5 once he 0 full ( t5d] & consid]ate sympa?y2 & yet ! man is no ,asa or ,amaziah :o has des]t$ ! liv+ ,god = idols ( wood & /one4 ,! man has n *ang$1 only our impression ( him4 ,unconsci\sly we are influ5c$ by ! contra/ betwe5 8 pres5t /ate & ! spl5did en]gy & devotion ( self-sacrifice t m>k$ 8 prime2 we =get t inaction is 8 mis=tune1 & n 8 fault2 we ov]rate 8 ard\r 9 ! days :5 vigor\s action 0 a delight = its own sake2 & we ov]look ! quiet h]oism ) :i* remnants ( /r5g? are /ill utilis$ 9 ! ,"l's s]vice1 & d n consid] t mom5ts ( fretfulness are due to decay & disease t at once increase ! ne$ ( pati5ce & dim9i% ! p[]s ( endurance4 ,muscles & n]ves sl[ly become less & less effici5t2 !y fail to c>ry to ! s\l full & cle> reports ( ! outside _w2 !y are no long] satisfactory in/rum5ts by :i* ! s\l c express its feel+s or execute its w4 ,we are less able ?an ev] to e/imate ! inn] life ( su* by t :i* we see & he>4 ,:ile we are ?ankful = ! sweet s]5ity & lov+ sympa?y :i* (t5 make ! ho>y head a cr[n ( glory1 we are also entitl$ to judge "s ( ,god's m militant *ildr5 by _! ye>s ( ardu\s s]vice1 & n by _! impati5ce ( en=c$ inactivity4 ,if our au?or's /atem5t ( ^! tru?s seem unsatisfactory1 we mu/ rememb] t 8 lack ( a doctr9e ( ! future life plac$ him at a s]i\s disadvantage4 ,he wi%$ to exhibit a complete picture ( ,god's deal+s ) ! *>act]s ( 8 hi/ory1 s t _! lives %\ld furni% exact illu/rations ( ! work+ ( s9 & righte\sness4 ,he 0 controll$ & hamp]$ by ! idea t und]lies _m discussions 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t3 t ,god's righte\s judgm5t ^u a man's actions is completely manife/$ dur+ 8 e>?ly life4 ,x may be possible to ass]t an et]nal provid5ce2 b consci5ce & he>t h long s9ce revolt$ aga9/ ! doctr9e t ,god's ju/ice1 to say no?+ ( ,8 love1 is decl>$ by ! mis]y ( lives t might h be5 innoc5t1 if !y _h ev] _h ! opportunity ( kn[+ :at innoc5ce meant4 ,! *ronicl] work$ on too small a scale = 8 subject4 ,! entire ,div9e economy ( ,him ) :om a ?\s& ye>s are z "o day _c be ev5 outl9$ = a s+le s\l 9 ! hi/ory ( its e>?ly exi/5ce4 ,^! n>ratives ( ,jewi% k+s are only imp]fect symbols ( ! inf9ite possibilities ( ! et]nal provid5ce4 ,! moral ( ,*ronicles is v mu* t ( ! ,greek sage1 8,call no man happy till he is dead02 b s9ce ,*ri/ has br\ght life & immortality to light ?r\gh ! ,gospel1 we no long] pass f9al judgm5t ^u ei!r ! man or 8 happ9ess by :at we "k ( 8 life "h4 ,! decisive revelation ( "*1 ! f9al judgm5t ^u conduct1 ! due adju/m5t ( ! gifts & discipl9e ( ,god1 are def]r$ to a future life4 ,:5 ^! are complet$1 & ! s\l has atta9$ to good or evil beyond all rev]sal1 !n we %all feel1 ) ,ezekiel & ! *ronicl]1 t !re is no fur!r ne$ to rememb] ei!r ! righte\s de$s or ! transgressions ( e>li] /ages ( its hi/ory4 ,*apt] ,x4 ,! ,la/ ,k+s ,( ,judah4 #b ,*ron4 xxxiv4-xxxvi4 ,:atev] influ5ce ,manasseh's re=mation ex]cis$ ov] 8 p g5]ally1 ! ta9t ( idolatry 0 n remov$ f 8 own family4 ,8 son ,amon succe$$ him at ! age ( two-&-tw5ty4 ,into 8 reign ( two ye>s he compress$ all ! v>ieties ( wick$ness once practis$ by 8 fa!r1 & undid ! good "w ( ,manasseh's lat] ye>s4 ,he recov]$ ! grav5 images :i* ,manasseh _h disc>d$1 replac$ !m 9 _! %r9es1 & wor%ipp$ !m in/ead ( ,jehovah4 ,b 9 8 case !re 0 no rep5tance1 & he 0 cut (f 9 8 y\?4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( any conclusive evid5ce z to ! date ( ,manasseh's re=mation1 we _c det]m9e ) c]ta9ty :e!r ,amon receiv$ 8 e>ly tra9+ be=e or aft] 8 fa!r return$ to ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah4 ,9 ei!r case ,manasseh's e>li] hi/ory w\ld make x difficult = him to c\nt]act any evil influ5ce t drew ,amon t[>ds idolatry4 ,amon c\ld set ! example & p]haps ! tea*+ ( 8 fa!r's =m] days aga9/ any lat] exhortations to righte\sness4 ,:5 a fa!r has help$ to lead 8 *ildr5 a/ray1 he _c be sure t he w c>ry !m ) him 9 8 rep5tance4 ,aft] ,amon's assass9ation ! p plac$ 8 son ,josiah on ! ?rone4 ,l ,joa% & ,manasseh1 ,josiah 0 a *ild1 only eight ye>s old4 ,! *ronicl] foll[s ! g5]al l9e ( ! hi/ory 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 modify+1 abridg+1 & exp&+1 b introduc+ no new incid5ts2 ! re=mation1 ! repair+ ( ! ,temple1 ! discov]y ( ! book ( ! ,law1 ! ,passov]1 ,josiah's defeat & dea? at ,megiddo1 are n>rat$ by bo? hi/orians4 ,we h only to notice diff]5ces 9 a some:at simil> treatm5t ( ! same subject4 ,beyond ! g5]al /atem5t t ,josiah 8did t :i* 0 "r 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah0 we he> no?+ ab\t him 9 ! book ( ,k+s till ! eighte5? ye> ( 8 reign1 & 8 re=mation & putt+ away ( idolatry is plac$ 9 t ye>4 ,! *ronicl]'s au?orities correct$ ! /atem5t t ! pi\s k+ tol]at$ idolatry = eighte5 ye>s4 ,!y record h[ 9 ! eigh? ye> ( 8 reign1 :5 he 0 sixte51 he began to seek aft] ! ,god ( ,david2 & 9 8 twelf? ye> he set ab\t ! "w ( utt]ly de/roy+ idols ?r\gh\t ! :ole t]ritory ( ,israel1 9 ! cities & ru9s ( ,manasseh1 ,ephraim1 & ,simeon1 ev5 unto ,naphtali1 z well z 9 ,judah & ,b5jam94 ,see+ t ! cities assign$ to ,simeon 7 9 ! s\? ( ,judah1 x is a little difficult to und]/& :y !y appe> ) ! nor!rn tribes1 unless !y are reckon$ ) !m te*nically to make up ! anci5t numb]4 ,! consequ5ce ( ?is *ange ( date is t 9 ,*ronicles ! re=mation prec$es ! discov]y ( ! book ( ! ,law1 :]eas 9 ! old] hi/ory ?is discov]y is ! cause ( ! re=mation4 ,! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ! idols & o!r app>atus ( false wor%ip de/roy$ by ,josiah is mu* less detail$ ?an t ( ! book ( ,k+s4 ,to h reproduc$ ! e>li] n>rative 9 full w\ld h rais$ s]i\s difficulties4 ,accord+ to ! *ronicl]1 ,manasseh _h purg$ ,j]usalem ( idols & idol alt>s2 & ,amon alone 0 responsible = any t exi/$ !re at ! accession ( ,josiah3 b 9 ! book ( ,k+s ,josiah f\nd 9 ,j]usalem ! alt>s erect$ by ! k+s ( ,judah & ! horses !y _h giv5 to ! sun4 ,manasseh's alt>s /ill /ood 9 ! c\rts ( ! ,temple2 & ov] aga9/ ,j]usalem !re /ill rema9$ ! high places t ,solomon _h built = ,a%tore?1 ,*emo%1 & ,milcom4 ,z ! *ronicl] 9 describ+ ,solomon's reign c>efully omitt$ all m5tion ( 8 s9s1 s he omits ?is ref]5ce to 8 idolatry4 ,moreov]1 if he _h ins]t$ x1 he w\ld h _h to expla9 h[ ^! high places escap$ ! zeal ( ! _m pi\s k+s :o did away ) ! high places4 ,simil>ly1 hav+ omitt$ ! acc\nt ( ! man ( ,god :o prophesi$ ! ru9 ( ,j]oboam's sanctu>y at ,be!l1 he "h omits ! fulfilm5t ( t prophecy4 ,! acc\nt ( ! repair+ ( ! ,temple is enl>g$ by ! ins]tion ( v>i\s details z to ! names1 functions1 & zeal ( ! ,levites1 among/ :om ^? :o _h skill 9 in/rum5ts ( music seem to h _h ! ov]sight ( ! workm54 ,we are rem9d$ ( ! walls ( ,!bes1 :i* rose out ( ! gr\nd :ile ,orpheus play$ ^u 8 flute4 ,simil>ly 9 ! acc\nt ( ! assembly call$ to he> ! cont5ts ( ! book ( ! ,law ! ,levites are sub/itut$ = ! prophets4 ,?is book ( ! ,law is said 9 ,*ronicles to h be5 giv5 by ,moses1 b 8 "n is n connect$ ) ! book 9 ! p>allel n>rative 9 ! book ( ,k+s4 ,! e>li] au?ority simply /ates t ,josiah held a great passov]2 ,*ronicles1 z usual1 describes ! fe/ival 9 detail4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! k+ comm&$ ! prie/s & ,levites to purify !mselves & take _! places 9 due ord]1 s t !y might be ready to p]=m _! sacr$ duties4 ,! n>rative is v obscure1 b x seems t ei!r dur+ ! apo/acy ( ,amon or on acc\nt ( ! rec5t ,temple repairs ! ,ark _h be5 remov$ f ! ,holy ( holies4 ,! ,law _h specially assign$ to ! ,levites ! duty ( c>ry+ ! ,tab]nacle & its furniture1 & !y seem to h ?\ght t !y 7 only b\nd to ex]cise ! function ( c>ry+ ! ,ark2 !y p]haps propos$ to be> x 9 solemn procession r\nd ! city z "p ( ! celebration ( ! ,passov]1 =gett+ ! words ( ,david7#dce7 t ! ,levites %\ld no m c>ry ! ,tab]nacle & its vessels4 ,!y w\ld h be5 glad to sub/itute ?is conspicu\s & hon\rable s]vice = ! labori\s & m5ial "w ( flay+ ! victims4 ,josiah1 h[ev]1 comm&$ !m to put ! ,ark into ! ,temple & att5d to _! o!r duties4 ,next1 ! k+ & 8 nobles provid$ bea/s ( v>i\s k9ds = ! sacrifices & ! ,passov] meal4 ,josiah's gifts 7 ev5 m munific5t ?an ^? ( ,hezekiah4 ,! latt] _h giv5 a ?\s& bullocks & t5 ?\s& %eep2 ,josiah gave j ?ree times z _m4 ,moreov]1 at ,hezekiah's passov] no (f]+s ( ! pr9ces are m5tion$1 b n[ !y add$ _! gifts to ^? ( ! k+4 ,! heads ( ! prie/hood provid$ ?ree hundr$ ox5 & two ?\s& six hundr$ small cattle = ! prie/s1 & ! *iefs ( ! ,levites five hundr$ ox5 & five ?\s& small cattle = ! ,levites4 ,b num]\s z 7 ! victims at ,josiah's passov]1 !y /ill fell f> %ort ( ! great sacrifice7#dcf7 ( tw5ty-two ?\s& ox5 & a hundr$ & tw5ty ?\s& %eep :i* ,solomon (f]$ at ! d$ication ( ! ,temple4 ,!n began ! actual "w ( ! sacrifices3 ! victims 7 kill$ & flay$1 & _! blood 0 spr9kl$ on ! alt>2 ! burnt (f]+s 7 di/ribut$ among ! p2 ! ,passov] lambs 7 roa/$1 & ! o!r (f]+s boil$1 & ! ,levites 8c>ri$ !m quickly to all ! *ildr5 ( ! p40 ,app>5tly private individuals c\ld n f9d ! means ( cook+ ! b\ntiful provision made = !m2 &1 to meet ! necessity ( ! case1 ! ,temple c\rts 7 made kit*5 z well z slaught]h\se = ! assembl$ wor%ipp]s4 ,! o!r (f]+s w\ld n be eat5 ) ! ,passov] lamb1 b w\ld s]ve = ! rema9+ days ( ! fea/4 ,! ,levites n only provid$ = ! p1 = !mselves1 & ! prie/s1 b ! ,levites :o m9i/]$ 9 ! matt] ( ! sacrifices also prep>$ = _! bre?r5 :o 7 s+]s & port]s1 s t ! latt] 7 enabl$ to att5d undi/urb$ to _! own special duties2 all ! memb]s ( ! guild ( port]s 7 at ! gates ma9ta9+ ord] among ! cr[d ( wor%ipp]s2 & ! full /r5g? ( ! or*e/ra & *oir contribut$ to ! beauty & solemnity ( ! s]vices4 ,x 0 ! greate/ ,passov] held by any ,israelite k+4 ,josiah's passov]1 l t ( ,hezekiah1 0 foll[$ by a =midable =eign invasion2 b :]eas ,hezekiah 0 rew>d$ = r5ew$ loyalty by a triumphant deliv]ance1 ,josiah 0 defeat$ & sla94 ,^! facts subject ! *ronicl]'s !ory ( retribution to a sev]e /ra94 ,8 p]plexity f9ds pa!tic expression 9 ! op5+ words ( ! new section1 8,aft] all ?is10 aft] all ! idols _h be5 put away1 aft] ! celebration ( ! mo/ magnific5t ,passov] ! mon>*y _h ev] se54 ,aft] all ?is1 :5 we look$ = ! promis$ rew>ds ( piety--= f]tile seasons1 peace & prosp]ity at home1 victory & dom9ion abroad1 tribute f subject peoples1 & weal? f successful comm]ce--aft] all ?is1 ! r\t ( ! armies ( ,jehovah at ,megiddo1 ! flight & dea? ( ! w\nd$ k+1 ! lam5tation ov] ,josiah1 ! exaltation ( a nom9ee ( ,ph>aoh to ! ?rone1 & ! paym5t ( tribute to ! ,egyptian k+4 ,! *ronicl] has no complete explanation ( ?is pa9ful my/]y1 b he does :at he c to meet ! difficulties ( ! case4 ,l ! great prophets 9 simil> in/ances1 he reg>ds ! hea!n k+ z *>g$ ) a ,div9e commission4 ,ph>aoh's appeal to ,josiah to rema9 neutral %\ld h be5 receiv$ by ! ,jewi% k+ z an au?oritative message f ,jehovah4 ,x 0 ! failure to disc]n 9 a hea!n k+ ! m\?piece & prophet ( ,jehovah t co/ ,josiah 8 life & ,judah its lib]ty4 ,! *ronicl] _h no motive = l+]+ ov] ! la/ sad days ( ! mon>*y2 ! re/ ( 8 n>rative is almo/ entirely abridg$ f ! book ( ,k+s4 ,jehoahaz1 ,jehoiakim1 ,jehoia*91 & ,z$ekiah pass ov] ! sc5e 9 rapid & melan*oly succession4 ,9 ! case ( ,jehoahaz1 :o only reign$ ?ree mon?s1 ! *ronicl] omits ! unfav\rable judgm5t record$ 9 ! book ( ,k+s2 b he repeats x = ! o!r ?ree1 ev5 = ! poor lad ( eight7#dcg7 :o 0 c>ri$ away captive aft] a reign ( ?ree mon?s & t5 days4 ,! *ronicl] _h n le>nt t k+s c d no wrong2 on ! o!r h&1 ! ungodly policy ( ,jehoia*9's m9i/]s is labell$ ) ! "n ( ! boy-sov]eign4 ,ea* ( ^! k+s 9 turn 0 depos$ & c>ri$ away into captivity1 unless inde$ ,jehoiakim is an exception4 ,9 ! book ( ,k+s we are told t he slept ) 8 fa!rs1 i4e41 t he di$ & 0 buri$ 9 ! royal tombs at ,j]usalem1 a /atem5t :i* ! ,,lxx4 ins]ts "h also1 specify+1 h[ev]1 t he 0 buri$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ,uzza4 ,if ! pi\s ,josiah 7 puni%$ = a s+le error by defeat & dea?1 :y 0 ! wick$ ,jehoiakim all[$ to reign till ! end ( 8 life & !n die 9 8 b$8 ,! *ronicl]'s in=mation diff]$ f t ( ! e>li] n>rative 9 a way t remov$1 or at any rate suppress$ ! difficulty4 ,he omits ! /atem5t t ,jehoiakim slept ) 8 fa!rs1 & tells u7#dch7 t ,nebu*adnezz> b\nd him 9 fett]s to c>ry him to ,babylon4 ,casual read]s w\ld naturally suppose t ?is purpose 0 c>ri$ out1 & t ! ,div9e ju/ice 0 satisfi$ by ,jehoiakim's dea? 9 captivity2 & yet if !y comp>$ ?is passage ) t 9 ! book ( ,k+s1 x might occur to !m t aft] ! k+ _h be5 put 9 *a9s some?+ might h l$ ,nebu*adnezz> to *ange 8 m9d1 or1 l ,manasseh1 ,jehoiakim might h rep5t$ & be5 all[$ to return4 ,b x is v d\btful :e!r ! *ronicl]'s au?orities contemplat$ ! possibility ( su* an int]pretation2 x is sc>cely fair to cr$it !m ) all ! subtle devices ( mod]n comm5tators4 ,! real conclusion ( ! *ronicl]'s hi/ory ( ! k+s ( ! h\se ( ,david is a summ>y ( ! s9s ( ! la/ days ( ! mon>*y & ( ! hi/ory ( its f9al ru9 9 xxxvi4 #ad-bj47dci7 ,all ! *ief ( ! prie/s & ( ! p 7 giv5 ov] to ! abom9ations ( idolatry2 & 9 spite ( con/ant & urg5t admonitions f ! prophets ( ,jehovah1 !y h>d5$ _! he>ts1 & mock$ ! mess5g]s ( ,god1 & despis$ ,8 words1 & misus$ ,8 prophets1 until ! wra? ( ,jehovah arose aga9/ ,8 p1 & !re 0 no heal+4 ,h[ev]1 to ?is p]oration a note is add$ t ! l5g? ( ! ,captivity 0 fix$ at sev5ty ye>s1 9 ord] t ! l& might 8enjoy h] sabba?s40 ,?is note re/s ^u ,lev4 xxv4 #a-g1 accord+ to :i* ! l& 0 to be left fall[ e sev5? ye>4 ,! sev5ty ye>s captivity w\ld comp5sate = sev5ty p]iods ( six ye>s ea* dur+ :i* no sabbatical ye>s _h be5 obs]v$4 ,?us ! ,captivity1 ) ! f\r hundr$ & tw5ty previ\s ye>s ( neglect1 w\ld be equival5t to sev5ty sabbatical p]iods4 ,!re is no economy 9 keep+ back :at is due to ,god4 ,moreov]1 ! editor :o sep>at$ ,*ronicles f ! book ( ,ezra & ,nehemiah 0 loa? to all[ ! fir/ "p ( ! hi/ory to end 9 a gloomy record ( s9 & ru94 ,mod]n ,jews1 9 read+ ! la/ *apt] ( ,isaiah1 r ?an conclude ) ! ill-om5$ words ( ! la/ two v]ses1 repeat a previ\s portion ( ! *apt]4 ,s "h to ! hi/ory ( ! ru9 ( ,j]usalem ! editor has app5d$ two v]ses f ! op5+ ( ! book ( ,ezra1 :i* conta9 ! decree ( ,cyrus au?oris+ ! return f ! ,captivity4 ,& ?us ,*ronicles concludes 9 ! middle ( a s5t5ce :i* is complet$ 9 ! book ( ,ezra3 8,:o is !re among y ( all 8 p8 ,jehovah 8 ,god be ) him1 & let him g up44440 ,su* a conclusion sugge/s two consid]ations :i* w =m a fitt+ close to our exposition4 ,*ronicles is n a f9i%$ "w2 x has no =mal end2 x r breaks (f abruptly l an int]rupt$ di>y4 ,9 l mann] ! book ( ,k+s concludes ) a note z to ! treatm5t ( ! captive ,jehoia*9 at ,babylon3 ! la/ v]se runs1 8,& = 8 all[ance !re 0 a cont9ual all[ance giv5 him ( ! k+1 e day a portion1 all ! days ( 8 life40 ,! book ( ,nehemiah has a %ort f9al pray]3 8,rememb] me1 ,o my ,god1 = good02 b ! prec$+ p>agraph is simply occupi$ ) ! arrangem5ts = ! wood (f]+ & ! fir/-fruits4 ,s 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t ! hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* breaks (f ) ! /atem5t t ,/4 ,paul abode two :ole ye>s 9 8 own hir$ h\se1 prea*+ ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,! sacr$ writ]s recognise ! cont9uity ( ,god's deal+s ) ,8 p2 !y d n sugge/ t "o p]iod c be m>k$ (f by a cle> divid+ l9e or int]val f ano!r4 ,ea* hi/orian leaves1 z x 71 ! loose ends ( 8 "w ready to be tak5 up & cont9u$ by 8 successors4 ,! ,holy ,_s seeks to /imulate ! ,*ur* to a =w>d outlook1 t x may expect & "w = a future :]e9 ! p[] & grace ( ,god w be no less manife/ ?an 9 ! pa/4 ,moreov]1 ! f9al editor ( ,*ronicles has %[n himself unwill+ t ! book %\ld conclude ) a gloomy record ( s9 & ru91 & has app5d$ a few l9es to rem9d 8 read]s ( ! new life ( fai? & hope t lay beyond ! ,captivity4 ,9 s do+1 he has e*o$ ! key-note ( prophecy3 ev] beyond man's transgression & puni%m5t ! prophets saw ! vision ( 8 =giv5ess & re/oration to ,god4 ,,footnotes #a ,cf4 ,ezra2 ,nehemiah2 ,e/h]1 by ,pr(essor ,ad5ey1 9 8,expositor's ,bible40 #b ,ezra iii4 #ab4 #c ,isa4 lxvi4 #bb4 #d ,quot$ = ,asa 7#b ,*ron4 xvi4 #aa72 ,amaziah 7#b ,*ron4 xxv4 #bf72 ,ahaz 7#b ,*ron4 xxviii4 #bf74 #e ,quot$ = ,jo?am 7#b ,*ron4 xxvii4 #g72 ,josiah 7#b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #bf1 #bg74 #f ,quot$ = ,manasseh 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiii1 #ah74 #g ,quot$ = ,david 7#a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bi74 #h ,quot$ = ,david 7#a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bi7 & ,solomon 7#b ,*ron4 ix4 #bi74 #i ,quot$ = ,david 7#a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bi74 #aj ,quot$ = ,rehoboam 7#b ,*ron4 xii4 #ae74 #aa ,quot$ = ,jeho%aphat 7#b ,*ron4 xx4 #cd74 #ab ,quot$ = ,manasseh 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiii4 #ai74 8,se]s10 ,a4,v41 ,r4,v4 ,m>g41 ) ,,lxx42 ,r4,v41 ) ,hebrew text1 8,hozai40 ,! passage is probably corrupt4 #ac ,quot$ = ,solomon 7#b ,*ron4 ix4 #bi74 #ad ,quot$ = ,hezekiah 7#b ,*ron4 xxxii4 #cb74 #ae ,quot$ = ,joa% 7#b ,*ron4 xxiv4 #bg74 #af ,quot$ = ,abijah 7#b ,*ron4 xiii1 #bb74 #ag ,quot$ = ,uzziah 7#b ,*ron4 xxvi4 #bb74 #ah ,quot$ = ,solomon 7#b ,*ron4 ix4 #bi74 #ai ,cf4 pp4 #ag1 #ah4 #bj #b ,*ron4 xx4 #cd4 #ba ,*ron4 xxxii4 #cb4 #bb ,r4,v4 m>g4 #bc ,r4,v4 #bd ,e4g41 ! w>s ( ,jo?am 7#b ,*ron4 xxvii4 #g74 #be #b ,*ron4 xiii4 #bb2 xxiv4 #bg4 ,! ,,lxx41 h[ev]1 does n read 8,midra%0 9 ei!r case2 & x is q possible t glosses h atta*$ !mselves to ! text ( ,*ronicles4 #bf ,cf4 #b ,sam4 vi4 #ab-bj ) #a ,*ron4 xv41 xvi4 #bg ,cf4 #b ,k+s xi42 #b ,*ron4 xxiii4 #bh ,! la/ two classes are n easily di/+ui%$2 b ! additions :i* introduce ! ,levitical sy/em into e>li] hi/ory are cle>ly ! "w ( ! *ronicl] or 8 imm$iate pr$ecessor1 if su* a pr$ecessor be assum$1 or 7 f\nd 9 some:at late s\rces4 ,?is is also probably true ( o!r explanatory matt]4 #bi ,cf4 #b ,sam4 iv4 ) #a ,*ron4 viii4 #cd1 also #b ,sam4 vii4 #g ) #a ,*ron4 xvii4 #f1 & #b ,sam4 xvii4 #be ) #a ,*ron4 ii4 #ag4 ,9 bo? ^! in/ances ,*ronicles pres]ves ! correct text4 #cj ,cf4 ,book ,,ii41 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 #ca ,oehl]1 ,old ,te/am5t ,!ology1 i4 #bhc 7,eng4 trans474 #cb ,ne/le1 ,die ,israelitis*5 ,eig5nam51 p4 #bg4 ,! pres5t *apt] is l>gely indebt$ to ?is /&>d monograph4 #cc ,ne/le4 #cd #a ,*ron4 vii4 #ad4 #ce ,philo1 ,de ,cong4 ,qur4 ,erud4 ,grat41 #h4 #cf ,hill]'s ,onoma/icon ap41 ,ne/le #aa4 #cg vii4 #h4 #ch i4 #ce4 #ci xviii4 #ae4 #dj i4 #bj4 #da viii4 #cf4 #db ii4 #ah4 #dc iii4 #bj4 #dd iv4 #c4 #de ,b]!au1 i4 #a4 #df iv4 #bb4 #dg iv4 #bb4 #dh ,! translation ( ^! words is n q c]ta94 #di ,ne/le1 p4 #fh4 #ej ,num4 i4 #aj4 #ea ,num4 i4 #ab4 #eb ,num4 i4 #f4 #ec ,cf4 p4 #dj4 #ed xi4 #cj2 vii4 #be 7,ne/le74 #ee ,ne/le4 #ef ,joel i4 #ae2 ,isa4 xiii4 #f4 ,x is n necess>y "h to discuss ei!r ! etymological or ! !ological hi/ory ( ^! words 9 _! e>lie/ usage1 nor ne$ we d m ?an recall ! fact t ,jehovah 0 ! t]m 9 common use z ! p]sonal "n ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 :ile ,el 0 r>e & sometimes g5]ic4 #eg ,ezra ii4 #fa-fc2 ,neh4 vii1 #fc-fe4 #eh ,acts xvii4 #bf4 #ei ,col4 iii4 #aa4 #fj ,jo%4 xiv4 #f4 #fa #a ,sam4 xxvii #aj4 #fb ,v]4 #ee4 #fc ,! occurr5ce ( ,caleb ! son ( ,jephunneh 9 iv1 #ae1 vi4 #ef1 9 no way militates aga9/ ?is view3 ! *ronicl]1 l o!r r$actors1 is simply ins]t+ borr[$ mat]ial )\t correct+ x4 ,*elubai 9 ii4 #i /&s = ,caleb2 cf4 ii4 #ah4 #fd viii4 #cc-dj2 ix4 #ce-dd4 ,we h us$ ,mephibo%e? z m famili>1 b ,*ronicles reads ,m]ibbaal1 :i* is m correct4 #fe ,psalm lxxviii4 #ei1 #fj1 #fg-fi4 #ff iv4 #ad1 #ba-bc4 #fg #a ,*ron4 xv4 #fh ,cf4 #b ,*ron4 xxix4 #ab & xxx4 #bb4 #fi #b ,*ron4 xvii4 #h4 #gj ,exod4 xxv-xxxix42 #a ,k+s vi42 #a ,*ron4 xxix42 #b ,*ron4 iii41 v4 #ga #a ,*ron4 xv4 #d-aj4 #gb #a ,*ron4 xii4 #bc-cg4 #gc ,john iii4 #h4 #gd i4 #aj4 #ge i4 #ai4 #gf i4 #df4 #gg ,cf4 ,g54 xxxvi4 #bd & #a ,*ron4 i4 #dj4 #gh ,i4e41 ,a*an 7ii4 #c1 #g74 #gi #a ,sam4 ii4 #g1 #h4 #hj ,vv4 #ag1 #ah1 z !y /&1 d n make s5se4 ,! second s5t5ce ( v]4 #ah %\ld be read be=e 8& %e b>e ,miriam0 9 v]4 #ag4 ,m]$ & ,bi?iah =m$ a tempt+ subject = ! rabbis1 & gave occasion = "s ( _! usual grotesque fancies4 ,m]$ has be5 id5tifi$ by !m bo? ) ,caleb & ,moses4 #ha ,deut4 vii4 #c2 ,jo%4 xxiii4 #ab2 ,ezra ix4 #a1 x42 ,neh4 xiii4 #bc4 #hb iv4 #i1 #aj4 #hc ,! read+ on :i* ?is translation is bas$ is obta9$ by an alt]ation ( ! v[els ( ! ,masoretic text2 cf4 ,b]!au1 i4 #a4 #hd ,g54 xxviii4 #bj2 xxxiii4 #bj4 #he ,?is translation is obta9$ by slightly alt]+ ! ,masoretic text4 #hf iv4 #da2 cf4 ,r4,v4 #hg #a ,sam4 xv4 #hh ,judges i4 #ag4 #hi ,judges i4 #bb-bf4 #ij ,judges xviii4 #ia ,vv4 #g-aj1 #ah-bb4 #ib ,deut4 xxxiii4 #bj2 #a ,*ron4 xii4 #h1 #ba4 #ic ,g54 xxv4 #ae4 #id ,g54 xvi4 #ab4 #ie ,lay ( ! ,la/ ,m9/rel1 iv4 #c4 #if ,vv4 #be1 #bf4 ,note ! curi\s spell+ ,tilga?-pilnes] = ! m usual ,tigla?-piles]4 #ig ,cf4 ,b]!au1 i4 #a4 #ih ,9 ,jo%4 xix4 #db1 xxi4 #bd1 ,aijalon is giv5 to ,dan2 9 ,judges i4 #cd x is giv5 to ,dan1 b we are told t ,amorites reta9$ possession ( x1 b became tribut>y to ! h\se ( ,joseph2 9 #b ,*ron4 xi4 #aj x is giv5 to 8,judah & ,b5jam940 ,z a fronti] t[n1 x frequ5tly *ang$ h&s4 #ii #b ,*ron4 xvi4 #i4 #ajj #b ,*ron4 xx4 #bj4 #aja #b ,*ron4 xxix4 #f4 #ajb #a ,*ron4 vi4 #ca-dh1 xv4 #af-bj2 cf4 psalm titles4 #ajc #a ,*ron4 vi4 #cc1 #cg2 cf4 ,psalm lxxxviii4 7title74 #ajd #a ,*ron4 xvi4 #ch1 #db4 #aje #a ,*ron4 ix4 #bf-cb2 cf4 #a ,*ron4 xxiii4 #bd-cb4 #ajf #b ,*ron4 xxix4-xxxi42 xxxiv42 xxxv4 #ajg #b ,*ron4 xxix4 #bg1 #bh4 #ajh ,num4 iv4 #c1 #bc1 #ce4 #aji #a ,*ron4 xxiii4 #bd1 #bg4 ,probably 8tw5ty0 %\ld be read = 8?irty0 9 v]4 #c4 #aaj #a ,*ron4 xxiv4 #f4 #aaa #b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #ac2 xxxv4 #c4 #aab #b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #c2 cf4 #a ,*ron4 xxiii #bf4 #aac #a ,*ron4 xxvi4 #bi4 #aad #b ,*ron4 xvii4 #g1 #i4 #aae ,wellhaus51 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 p4 #aia2 cf4 #b ,*ron4 xix4 #d-aa4 #aaf #a ,*ron4 ix4 #ca1 #cb4 #aag ,ezra ii4 #cf-ci4 #aah #a ,*ron4 xxiv4 #a-ai4 #aai ,luke i4 #e4 #abj ,bell4 ,jud41 ,,iv4 iii4 #h4 #aba #a ,*ron4 xxiv4 #bj-ca2 #b ,*ron4 xxxi4 #b4 #abb #a ,*ron4 xxv4 #abc #a ,*ron4 xxvi42 ,ezra vi4 #ah2 ,neh4 xi4 #cf4 #abd ,rec5tly a compla9t 0 receiv$ at ! ,g5]al ,po/-(fice t "s newspap]s s5t f ,france _h fail$ to arrive4 ,x 0 /at$ t ! names ( ! pap]s 7--,il me manque2 ,plusieurs2 ,j\rnaux2 i4e41 ,i am %ort ( 8,sev]al0 8,pap]s40 #abe #a ,*ron4 ix4 #c4 #abf ,luke ii4 #cf4 #abg ,levi ( c\rse except$4 #abh #a ,*ron4 iii4 #abi ii4 #ee4 #acj iv4 #ba-bc4 #aca ,masp]o1 ,anci5t ,egypt & ,assyria1 p4 #fj4 #acb ,craddock1 ,despot ( ,bromsgrove ,edge4 ,teck ,jepson is1 ( c\rse1 an imag9>y "*1 b none ! less repres5tative4 #acc ,cave1 ,scripture ,doctr9e ( ,sacrifice1 p4 #afc4 #acd ,george ,eliot1 ,janet's ,rep5tance1 *ap4 xix4 #ace #b ,*ron4 xii4 #a1 #f4 #acf #b ,*ron4 xxxiii4 #ah4 #acg ,ezra ii4 #b4 #ach ,isa4 xlix4 #f4 #aci ,isa4 ix4 #g4 #adj ,isa4 xvi4 #e4 #ada ,isa4 xxxvii4 #ce4 #adb ,isa4 xxxviii4 #e4 #adc ,acts ii #bi4 #add ,hos4 iii4 #e4 #ade ,amos ix4 #aa4 #adf ,micah v4 #b4 #adg ,j]4 xxiii4 #e1 #f2 cf4 xxxiii4 #ae & ,isa4 iv4 #b1 xi4 #a4 ,! ,hebrew ^w us$ 9 ! la/ passage is diff]5t f t 9 ! prec$+4 #adh ,ezek4 xxxiv4 #bc1 #bd2 xxxvii4 #bd1 #be4 #adi ,ze*4 iii4 #h2 ! text 9 vi4 #ab is probably corrupt4 #aej ,hag4 ii4 #bc4 #aea ,ze*4 xii4 #h4 #aeb ,writt5 aft] ! dea? ( ,pompey4 #aec ,s*ultz1 ,old ,te/am5t ,!ology1 ii4 #ddd4 #aed ,an incid5tal ref]5ce is made to ^! facts 9 #a ,*ron4 xii4 #ai4 #aee #b ,sam4 iii4 #ci4 #aef #b ,sam4 v4 #ba2 #a ,*ron4 xiv4 #ab4 #aeg ,deut4 xxiv4 #af1 quot$ 9 #b ,*ron4 xxv4 #d4 #aeh #b ,sam4 xxi4 #ai2 #a ,*ron4 xx4 #e4 #aei #a ,*ron4 x4 #ad4 #afj ,cf4 xi4 #a-i2 xii4 #bc-xiii4 #ad2 xv4 #afa #a ,*ron4 xi4 #b4 #afb #a ,*ron4 ii4 #ae4 #afc #a ,*ron4 xii4 #a1 #ai4 ,!re is no c]ta9 indication ( ! date ( ! ev5ts 9 xi4 #aj-be4 ,! fact t a 8hold0 is m5tion$ 9 xi4 #af1 z 9 xii4 #h1 #af1 is n conclusive pro( t !y ref] to ! same p]iod4 #afd xii4 #bj4 #afe #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bg4 #aff xi4 #aj-dg2 xx4 #d-h4 #afg xiii4 #ad-xvi4 #afh xvii4 #afi xviii42 xx4 #c4 #agj ,i4e41 virtually ,jehovah our ,god & ! only true ,god4 #aga ,= a m detail$ treatm5t ( ?is incid5t see *ap4 ix4 #agb xxi4-xxix4 #agc xxix4 #bj-bb1 #bh4 #agd xvi4 #h-cf4 #age xvii4 #af-bg4 #agf ,= a %ort exposition ( ?is passage see ,book4 ,,iv41 ,*ap4 i4 #agg #a ,*ron4 xi4 #ae-ai4 #agh xxix4 #bj4 #agi ,rom4 xiv4 #bb4 #ahj #b ,sam4 xii4 #ca2 #a ,*ron4 xx4 #c4 #aha ,hodgk91 ,italy & h] ,invad]s1 i4 #bje4 #ahb x4 #ad2 xi4 #c4 #ahc xii4 #ch4 #ahd xxix4 #a1 #bb4 #ahe xiii4 #b-d4 #ahf #a ,sam4 xxiii4 #i-ac2 xxx4 #g1 #h4 #ahg xxv4 #a1 #b4 #ahh xiii4 #a4 #ahi xxviii4 #a4 #aij xxix4 #bb4 #aia ,b cf4 #b ,*r4 xxvi4 #aib ,cf4 xvii4 #d-ae & xxviii4 #b-aj4 #aic xiii4 #a-ad4 #aid ,! casual ref]5ce 9 ,j]4 lii4 #bj is only an app>5t exception4 ,! passage is really hi/orical1 & n prophetic4 #aie ,deut4 xvii4 #af1 #ag2 cf4 #b ,*ron4 i4 #ad-ag & #a ,k+s xi4 #c-h4 #aif ,psalms lxxii4 & cxxvii4 are attribut$ to him1 ! latt]1 h[ev]1 only 9 ! ,hebrew ,bible4 #aig ,ecclus4 xlvii4 #ab-ba4 #aih ,matt4 xii4 #db4 #aii ,matt4 vi4 #bi4 #bjj ,acts vii4 #dg4 #bja #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #be4 #bjb #b ,*ron4 ix4 #bb1 #bc4 #bjc #b ,*ron4 viii4 #aa4 #bjd ,neh4 xiii4 #bf4 #bje ,su* *anges occur ?r\gh\t1 & ne$ n be fur!r notic$ unless "s special int]e/ atta*es to !m4 #bjf ,k+s v4 #ac2 ix4 #bb1 :i* seems to contradict ?is1 is an editorial note4 #bjg #b ,*ron4 ii4 #b1 #ag1 #ah2 viii4 #g-aj4 #bjh #a ,k+s ix4 #aa1 #ab4 #bji #b ,*ron4 viii4 #a1 #b1 ,r4,v4 #baj #a ,*ron4 xxii4 #i4 #baa #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bc1 #bd4 #bab #b ,*ron4 i4 #g-ac4 #bac #b ,*ron4 i4 #ad-ag4 #bad v4 #aa1 #ab1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bae vi4 #da1 #db1 peculi> to ,*ronicles1 app>5tly bas$ on ,psalm cxxxii4 #h-aj4 #baf #a ,*ron4 xxi4 #bf2 #b ,*ron4 vii4 #a-c1 bo? peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bag vii4 #h-aj1 mo/ly peculi> to ,*ronicles4 ,! text 9 #a ,k+s viii4 #fe has be5 int]polat$ f ,*ronicles4 #bah vii4 #ac-ae1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bai viii4 #c1 #d1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 ,hama? is app>5tly ref]r$ to z a possession ( ,judah 9 #b ,k+s xiv4 #bh4 #bbj viii4 #ab-af1 peculi> 9 ?is =m to ,*ronicles1 b bas$ ^u #a ,k+s ix4 #be4 #bba ix41 z 9 #a ,k+s x4 #a-ac4 #bbb ix4 #ca4 #bbc ix4 #bh4 #bbd ,x is n sugge/$ t ! *ronicl] int5d$ to convey ?is impression1 or t x w\ld be felt by mo/ ( 8 read]s4 #bbe xiv4 #c1 #e1 contradict+ #a ,k+s xv4 #ad & app>5tly #b ,*ron4 xv4 #ag4 #bbf xv4 #h-ad1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bbg xv4 #ah1 #ai4 #bbh xvii4 #f contradicts #a ,k+s xxii4 #dc & #b ,*ron4 xx4 #cc4 #bbi xvii4 #g-i1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bcj xxiv4 #a-ad4 #bca xxi4 #aa1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bcb xxv4 #d4 #bcc #b ,*ron4 xxviii4 #bd-xxxi41 mo/ly peculi> to ,*ronicles2 b comp>e ,k+s xviii4 #d-g1 :i* m5tions ! tak+ away ( ! high places4 #bcd xxxiii4 #af4 #bce xxxiv42 xxxv4 #bcf xxx4 #b4 #bcg xxii4 #a2 xxiii4 #a-ae2 xxvi4 #a2 xxxiii4 #be2 xxxvi4 #a4 #bch xxv4 #ab4 #bci xvi4 #ab4 #bdj xx4 #cg4 #bda xxiv4 #bj-bg4 #bdb xxv4 #ad-bg4 #bdc xxvi4 #af-bc4 #bdd xxxii4 #be-cc4 #bde xxxv4 #bj-bg4 #bdf ,milton1 ,hymn to ! ,nativity4 #bdg ,t5nyson1 ,9 ,memoriam4 #bdh #b ,*ron4 ix4 #a4 #bdi ,prov4 xxxi4 #a-i4 #bej ,articles ,,xxi4 & ,,xxxvii4 #bea ,eph4 ii4 #ab4 #beb #b ,*ron4 xii4 #ab1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bec #a ,k+s xv4 #c4 #bed #b ,*ron4 xxxiii4 #aa-bj1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bee #b ,k+s xxiii4 #cb4 #bef #b ,k+s xvi4 #e4 #beg ,isa4 viii4 #b4 #beh #b ,*ron4 xxxiii4 #i4 #bei #b ,*ron4 xxxvi4 #e1 #h1 #aa4 #bfj #b ,*ron4 xxviii4 #e-ae1 peculi> to ,*ronicles2 cf4 #b ,k+s xvi4 #e1 #f4 #bfa #b ,*ron4 xxviii4 #af-be1 peculi> to ,*ronicles2 cf4 #b ,k+s xvi4 #g-ah4 #bfb xxviii4 #bg1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bfc #b ,*ron4 xi4 #ac1 #ad1 xxix4 #cd1 xxx4 #bg1 all peculi> to ,*ronicles4 ,9 xxx4 #bg ! text is d\btful2 _m au?orities h 8! prie/s & ! ,levites40 #bfd ,i4e41 9 ! view giv5 u by ! *ronicl] ( ! p]iod ( ! mon>*y1 aft] ! ,return ! prie/s 7 f> m num]\s ?an ! ,levites4 #bfe #a ,*ron4 xxvi4 #cj-cb4 #bff #b ,*ron4 xix4 #d-aa4 #bfg #b ,*ron4 xv4 #c4 ,9 ! old] lit]ature ! phrase w\ld be> a m special & te*nical mean+4 #bfh ,exod4 xxxii4 #bf-ce4 #bfi ,num4 xxv4 #c4 #bgj ,psalm cvi4 #cj1 #ca4 #bga #a ,*ron4 xii4 #bc-bh4 #bgb #a ,*ron4 xxvii4 #e2 cf4 h[ev]1 ,r4,v4 m>g4 #bgc #b ,*ron4 xiii4 #ab4 #bgd #b ,*ron4 xxiii4 #g4 ,all ! passages ref]r$ to 9 ?is p>agraph are peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bge ,neh4 iv4 #ag4 #bgf #a ,macc4 v4 #fg4 #bgg #a ,*ron4 xiii4 #h2 xvi4 #b4 #bgh #a ,*ron4 xxix4 #aj-ai4 #bgi #b ,*ron4 vi4 #bhj #b ,*ron4 xx4 #d-ac2 xxx4 #f-i1 #ah-ba1 #bg4 #bha #b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #bhb #a ,*ron4 xiii4 #aj4 #bhc #b ,*ron4 xxvi4 #af-bc4 #bhd #b ,*ron4 xxxi4 #c-e4 #bhe ,mal4 i4 #h2 iii4 #d1 #aj4 #bhf #b ,*ron4 xxxi4 #aj4 #bhg ,exod4 xv4 #c4 #bhh ,psalm lxxiv4 #h1 #i4 ,?is psalm is commonly reg>d$ z ,maccaban1 b may be z e>ly z ! *ronicl] or ev5 e>li]4 #bhi #a ,macc4 iv4 #df4 #bij ,ezra ii4 #fc4 #bia #b ,*ron4 xxix4 #be1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bib #b ,*ron4 xii4 #e-h1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bic #b ,*ron4 xv4-xvi4 #aj1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bid #b ,*ron4 xix4 #b1 #c1 xx4 #ad-ah1 #cg1 all peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bie xxi4 #ab-ae1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bif xxiv4 #ah-bb1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #big xiv4 #ae1 #af1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #bih #b ,k+s xix4 #e-g1 #bj-cd4 #bii xxxii4 #bj4 #cjj xxxiii4 #aj1 #ah4 #cja xxxv4 #ba1 #bb1 #be1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cjb #a ,esdras i4 #bh4 #cjc ,ezra v4 #a2 vi4 #ad4 #cjd ,neh4 vi4 #ad4 #cje #a ,*ron4 xii4 #ah1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cjf ,acts ii4 #cj4 #cjg #b ,k+s iv4 #db4 #cjh ,abbott1 ,?r\gh ,nature to ,*ri/1 p4 #bie4 #cji ,j]4 xv4 #aj4 #caj ,deut4 xviii4 #ah4 #caa ,ecclus4 xlix4 #aj4 #cab ,r4,v4 8delight 90 is some:at too /rong4 #cac ,x is1 h[ev]1 possible t ! text 9 ,samuel is a corruption ( text m closely p>allel to t ( ,*ronicles4 #cad ,noldius & ,r4 ,salom4 apud ,b]!au i4 #a4 #cae ,jo%4 xviii4 #bh2 ,judges i4 #ba1 z aga9/ ,jo%4 xv4 #fc2 ,judges i4 #h1 :i* assign ! city to ,judah4 #caf #a ,*ron4 xxvii4 #bc1 #bd4 #cag ,v]4 #g is app>5tly a g5]al anticipation ( ! n>rative 9 vv4 #i-ae4 #cah ,jo%4 v4 #ac4 #cai ,s*ultz1 ,old ,te/am5t ,!ology1 ii4 #bgj4 #cbj ,exod4 iv4 #ba2 ,jo%4 xi4 #bj2 #a ,sam4 xix4 #i1 #aj2 #b ,sam4 xxiv4 #a2 #a ,k+s xxii4 #bj-bc4 #cba ,prov4 xvi4 #d2 ,lam4 iii4 #ch2 ,isa4 xlv4 #g4 #cbb ,ze*4 iii4 #a4 #cbc ,j]4 vii4 #ab-ad2 xxvi4 #f4 #cbd #a ,*ron4 xxviii4 #ai4 #cbe ,heb4 vii4 #ad4 #cbf ,hos4 xii4 #ac4 #cbg ,s*ultz1 ,old ,te/am5t ,!ology1 ii4 #cec4 #cbh #b ,*ron4 xxx4 #f2 #a ,k+s xviii4 #cf4 #cbi #a ,*ron4 xvi4 #ac1 #ag2 ,g54 xxxii4 #bh4 #ccj ,g54 xxiii4 #d2 cf4 ,psalms xxxix4 #ac1 cxix4 #ai4 #cca ,job viii4 #i4 #ccb ,call$1 h[ev]1 at t "t ,antonia4 #ccc viii4 #i4 #ccd xi4 #e-xii4 #a1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cce xii4 #b-h1 #ab1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #ccf xii4 #ad1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #ccg ,ecclus4 xlvii4 #bc4 #cch xiii4 #c-bb1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cci ,jo%4 xviii4 #bb4 #cdj ,judges ix4 #h4 #cda ,num4 xviii4 #ai4 #cdb #b ,*ron4 x4 #ae4 #cdc ,?is v]se mu/ ( c\rse be und]/ood to give 8 :ole family hi/ory1 & n m]ely t ( 8 ?ree ye>s' reign4 #cdd xiv4 #a1 #g1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cde xiv4 #c-i1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cdf #a ,*ron4 xii41 etc42 #b ,*ron4 xi4 #e ff41 xvii4 #ab ff41 xxvi4 #i ff4 xxvii4 #d ff41 xxxiii4 #ad4 #cdg xiv4 #i-ae4 #cdh ,s ,r4,v4 m>g42 ,r4,v4 text 7) :i* ,a4,v4 is 9 sub/antial agreem5t73 8,!re fell ( ! ,e?iopians s _m t !y c\ld n recov] !mselves02 i4e41 ! r\t$ army 7 nev] able to rally4 #cdi ,! second re=mation is dat$ e>ly 9 ,asa's fifte5? ye>1 & ,abijah only reign$ ?ree ye>s4 #cej xv41 bas$ ^u #a ,k+s xv4 #ac-ae1 b ! great bulk ( ! *apt] is peculi> to ,*ronicles2 ! orig9al passage f ,k+s is reproduc$1 ) slight *anges 9 vv4 #af-ah4 #cea #b ,sam4 xii4 #i-aa4 8,b>ak0 ) ,,lxx4 & ,pe%ite2 ,masoretic text has 8,b$an40 #ceb ,judges v4 #f1 #g2 vi4 #aa2 viii4 #ae-ag2 ix42 xii4 #a-g2 xx42 xxi4 #cec ,cf4 #a ,k+s xv4 #ab4 #ced #a ,*ron4 ix4 #c4 #cee ,exod4 xxii4 #bj2 ,deut4 xiii4 #e1 #i1 #ae4 #cef #a ,k+s xv4 #af1 #cb1 #cc4 #ceg xvi4 #g-aj1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #ceh ,isa4 vii4 #ag4 #cei ,isa4 xxxi4 #a2 xxx4 #c4 #cfj ,j]4 ii4 #cf4 #cfa ,ze*4 iv4 #aj4 #cfb ,! date1 z be=e1 is peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cfc xvi4 #ab;b1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cfd ,"t & ,tide1 xii4 #fg4 #cfe ,george ,eliot1 ,romola1 xxi4 #cff ,"p ,,ii41 ,*ap4 ,,ix4 #cfg xvii41 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cfh #a ,*ron4 xviii4 #a-c4 #cfi xix4 #a-c1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cgj xix4 #d-aa1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cga ,milman1 ,lat9 ,*ri/ianity1 ,book ,,xi41 ,*ap4 ,i4 #cgb xx4 #a-cj1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cgc ,s ,r4,v4 m>g41 ) ! ,,lxx4 ,! ,t>gum has 8,edomites10 ! ,a4,v4 is n ju/ifi$ by ! ,hebrew1 & ! ,r4,v4 does n make s5se4 #cgd ,cf4 #a ,*ron4 iv4 #da1 ,r4,v42 & #b ,*ron4 xxvi4 #g4 #cge ,"o ,hebrew manuscript is quot$ z hav+ ?is read+4 ,a4,r4,v41 ) ! ord9>y ,masoretic text1 h 8,syria02 b x is simply absurd to suppose t a multitude f beyond ! sea f ,syria w\ld fir/ make _! appe>ance on ! we/]n %ore ( ! ,dead ,sea4 #cgf #b ,*ron4 iv4 #i4 #cgg ,v]4 #i2 cf4 #b ,*ron4 vi4 #bh1 & ! :ole p>agraph 7vv4 #bb-cj7 ( :i* our v]se is a brief ab/ract4 #cgh ,n ,ziz1 z ,a4,r4,v4 #cgi 1 lit]ally1 z ,a4,r4,v41 8beauty ( hol9ess02 i4e41 sacr$ robes4 ,translate ) ,r4,v4 m>g4 8praise 9 ! beauty ( hol9ess10 n1 z ,a4,r4,v41 8praise ! beauty ( hol9ess40 #chj ,exod4 xiv4 #cj4 #cha ,) ,r4,v4 m>g4 #chb ,! id5tification ( ! valley ( ,b]a*ah ) ! valley ( ,jeho%aphat1 close to ,j]usalem & m5tion$ by ,josephus1 is a m]e !ory1 q at v>iance ) ! topographical evid5ce4 #chc ,k+s xxii4 #dh1 #di4 #chd #b ,*ron4 xxiv4 #bd1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #che ,psalm xx4 #g4 #chf #a ,macc4 ii4 #ce-ch4 #chg xxi4 #b-d1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #chh ,vv4 #e-aj2 cf4 #b ,k+s viii4 #ag-bb4 #chi xxi4 #aa-ai1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cij ,s ,r4,v4 m>g41 ) ,,lxx4 & ,vulgate ,a4,r4,v4 h 8m\nta9s10 ) ,masoretic text4 #cia ,j]4 xxix42 xxxvi4 #cib ,gre5's ,%ort] ,hi/ory1 p4 #djd4 #cic xxii4 #a;b1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cid ,! ,hebrew orig9al ( ! ,a4,r4,v41 8dep>t$ )\t be+ desir$10 is z obscure z ! ,engli% ( our v]sions4 ,! mo/ probable translation is1 8,he behav$ s z to please no "o40 ,! ,a4,r4,v4 app>5tly mean t no "o regrett$ 8 dea?4 #cie ,we ne$ n discuss 9 detail ! "q ( ,ahaziah's age at 8 accession4 ,! age ( =ty-two1 giv5 9 #b ,*ron4 xxii4 #b1 is simply impossible1 see+ t 8 fa!r 0 only =ty ye>s old :5 he di$4 ,! ,pe%ito & ,arabic v]sions h foll[$ #b ,k+s viii4 #bf1 & alt]$ =ty-two to tw5ty-two2 & ! ,,lxx4 reads tw5ty ye>s4 ,b tw5ty-two ye>s /ill pres5ts difficulties4 ,accord+ to ?is read+1 ,ahaziah1 ,jehoram's y\nge/ son1 0 born :5 8 fa!r 0 only eighte51 & ,jehoram hav+ _h sev]al sons be=e ! age ( eighte51 _h none aft]w>ds4 #cif xiii4 #g;a1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #cig ,cf4 p4 #bj4 #cih ,cf4 xxv4 #b ) #b ,k+s xiv4 #d1 xxvi4 #d ) #b ,k+s xv4 #d1 xxvii4 #b ) #b ,k+s xv4 #cd1 :]e simil> /atem5ts are omitt$ by ! *ronicl]4 #cii #b ,k+s xii4 #i4 #djj ,exod4 xxx4 #aa-af4 #dja ,neh4 x4 #cb4 #djb xxiv4 #ad-bb1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #djc ,curi\sly en\gh1 ,jehoiada's "n does n occur 9 ! li/ ( high-prie/s 9 #a ,*ron4 vi4 #a-ab4 #djd #a ,*ron4 xxviii4 #i2 #b ,*ron4 vii4 #ai1 xii4 #e1 xiii4 #aj1 xv4 #b1 xxi4 #aj1 xxviii4 #f1 xxix4 #f1 xxxiv4 #be4 #dje ,cf4 #b ,k+s xii4 #ag1 #ah1 ( :i* ?is n>rative is probably an adaptation4 #djf xxv4 #e-ac1 peculi> to ,*ronicles1 except t ! acc\nt ( ! w> ) ,edom is exp&$ f ! brief note 9 ,k+s4 ,cf4 v]4 #aa;b ) #b ,k+s xiv4 #g4 #djg ,9 ! phrase 8f ,sam>ia to ,be?-horon10 8,sam>ia0 app>5tly means ! nor!rn k+dom1 & n ! city1 i4e41 f ! bord]s ( ,sam>ia2 ! *ronicl] has fall5 into ! nom5clature ( 8 own age4 #djh ,= ! discussion ( ! *ronicl]'s acc\nt ( ,ahaz see ,book ,,iii41 ,*ap4 ,,vii4 #dji ,s ,r4,v4 m>g41 ) ,,lxx41 ,t>gum1 ,syriac & ,arabic v]sions1 ,talmud1 ,ra%i1 ,kim*i1 & "s ,hebrew manuscripts 7,b]!au1 i4 #a74 ,a4,r4,v41 8_h und]/&+ 9 ! visions0 7,r4,v4 vision7 8( ,god40 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two ,hebrew read+s is v slight4 ,vv4 #e-bj1 ) ! exception ( ! b>e fact ( ! leprosy are peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #daj ,cf4 ,ezek4 xxvi4 #i4 #daa ,pl9y1 vii4 #ef apud ,smi?'s ,bible ,diction>y4 #dab ,num4 xviii4 #g2 ,exod4 xxx4 #g4 #dac ,kim*i int]prets 8^? days0 z mean+ 8aft] ! dea? ( ,jo?am40 #dad ,! ref]5ce to ! wall ( ,ophel is peculi> to ,*ronicles3 inde$1 ,ophel is only m5tion$ 9 ,*ronicles & ,nehemiah2 x 0 ! s\!rn spur ( ,m\nt ,moriah 7,neh4 iii4 #bf1 #bg74 ,vv4 #c;b-#g are also peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #dae ,?is is usually und]/ood z ,nisan1 ! fir/ mon? ( ! ecclesia/ical ye>4 #daf xxix4 #c-xxxi4 #ba 7! cleans+ ( ! ,temple & accompany+ fea/1 ,passov]1 organisation ( ! prie/s & ,levites7 are sub/antially peculi> to ,*ronicles1 ?\gh 9 a s5se !y exp& #b ,k+s xviii4 #d-g1 because !y fulfil ! comm&m5ts :i* ,jehovah comm&$ ,moses4 #dag ,exod4 vi4 #ah1 #bb2 ,num4 iii4 #cj1 m5tion ,elizaphan z a desc5dant ( ,koha?4 #dah ,s ,/rack-,zockl]1 i4 #a4 #dai ,lev4 i4 #f4 #dbj ,accord+ to #b ,k+s xviii4 #aj1 ,sam>ia 0 n tak5 till ! six? ye> ( ,hezekiah's reign4 ,x is n necess>y = an expositor ( ,*ronicles to attempt to h>monise ! two acc\nts4 #dba ,cf xxx4 #aa1 #ah4 #dbb xxx4 #ad2 cf4 #b ,k+s xviii4 #d4 ,! *ronicl] omits ! /atem5t t ,hezekiah de/roy$ ,moses's braz5 s]p5t1 :i* ! p _h hi!rto wor%ipp$4 ,8 read]s w\ld n h und]/ood h[ ?is corrupt wor%ip surviv$ ! re=ms ( pi\s k+s & prie/s :o obs]v$ ! law ( ,moses4 #dbc ,cf4 xxix4 #cd1 xxx4 #c4 #dbd ,lev4 xv4 #ca4 #dbe ,s ,b]!au1 i4 #a1 slightly p>aphras+4 #dbf ,a4,r4,v41 ) ,masoretic text1 8! prie/s ! ,levites02 ,,lxx41 ,vulg4 ,syr41 8! prie/s & ! ,levites40 ,! =m] is m likely to be correct4 ,! v]se is p>tly an e*o ( ,deut4 xxvi4 #ae1 s t ! *ronicl] naturally uses ! ,deut]onomic phrase 8! prie/s ! ,levites02 b he probably does s unconsci\sly1 )\t int5d+ to make any special claim = ! ,levites3 h5ce ,i h omitt$ ! ^w 9 ! text4 #dbg xxxii4 #b-h1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #dbh xxxii4 #cj4 #dbi xxxiii4 #aa-ai1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #dcj ,s ,r4,v43 ,a4,v41 8among ! ?orns02 ,r4,v4 m>g41 8) hooks01 if s 9 a figurative s5se4 ,o!rs take ! ^w z a prop] "n3 ,hohim4 #dca ,ezek4 xviii4 #bj4 #dcb ,pet] iv4 #ah4 #dcc ,ezek4 xviii4 #ba-bc4 #dcd ,psalm cxxx4 #d1 probably belong+ to ab\t ! same p]iod z ,*ronicles4 #dce #a ,*ron4 xxiii4 #bf1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #dcf #b ,*ron4 vii4 #e4 ,! figures are peculi> to ,*ronicles2 #a ,k+s viii4 #e says t ! victims c\ld n be c\nt$4 #dcg ,jehoia*94 ,! ord9>y read+ 9 #b ,k+s xxiv4 makes him eighte54 #dch #b xxxvi4 #f;b1 peculi> to ,*ronicles4 #dci ,mo/ly peculi> to ,*ronicles4