f ! ,google ,pr9t project47 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,op]a1 f its ,orig9 9 ,italy to ! pres5t ,"t4 ,,) ,,anecdotes ,,( ,,! ,,mo/ ,,celebrat$ ,,compos]s ,,& ,,vocali/s ,,( ,,europe4 ,,by ,,su!rl& ,,edw>ds1 ,,au?or ,,( ,,russians ,,at ,,home1 ,,etc4 ,,quis ,,tam ,,dulcis ,,sonus ,,qui ,,meas ,,complet ,,aures8 ,,:at ,,is ,,all ,,?is ,,noise ,,ab\t8 ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,vol4 ,,ii4 ,,london3 ,,wm4 ,h4 ,,all5 ,,co41 #ac1 ,,wat]loo ,,place4 #ahfb4 ,! "r ( translation & reproduction is res]v$4 ,,london3 ,,lewis ,,& ,,son1 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,swan ,,build+s1 7#di7 ,,moorgate ,,/reet4 ,,cont5ts ,,volume ,i4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,page ,preface1 ,prelude1 ,prologue1 ,introduction1 ,ov]ture1 c4--,! ,orig9 ( ! ,op]a 9 ,italy1 & its introduction into ,g]many4--,its ,hi/ory 9 ,europe2 ,division ( ! subject #a ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,introduction ( ! ,op]a into ,france & ,engl& #ab ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,on ! ,nature ( ! ,op]a1 & its ,m]its z comp>$ ) o!r =ms ( ! ,drama #cf ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,introduction & progress ( ! ,ballet #gj ,,*apt] ,v4 ,introduction ( ! ,italian ,op]a into ,engl& #ajd ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,! ,italian ,op]a "u ,h&el #adj ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,g5]al view ( ! ,op]a 9 ,europe 9 ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury1 until ! appe>ance ( ,gluck #agb ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,fr5* ,op]a f ,lulli to ! ,dea? ( ,rameau #bag ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,r\sseau z a ,critic & z a ,compos] ( ,music #bch ,,*apt] ,x4 ,gluck & ,picc9ni 9 ,p>is #bfg ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,op]a4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,preface1 ,,prelude1 ,,prologue1 ,,introduction1 ,,ov]ture1 ,,etc4--,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,op]a ,,9 ,,italy1 ,,& ,,its ,,introduction ,,into ,,g]many4--,,its ,,hi/ory ,,9 ,,europe2 ,,division ,,( ,,! ,,subject4 ,x has (t5 be5 said1 & notably1 by ,j4 ,j4 ,r\sseau1 & aft] him1 ) *>act]i/ic exagg]ation1 by ,r4 ,wagn]1 t ,op]a does n mean s mu* a musical "w1 z a musical1 poetical1 & spectacul> "w all at once2 t ,op]a 9 fact1 is ! "w1 p> excell5ce1 to ! production ( :i* all ! arts are necess>y4#a ,! v titles ( ! e>lie/ op]as prove ?is notion to be incorrect4 ,! e>lie/ ,italian plays ( a mix$ "*1 n be+ con/ruct$ accord+ to ! anci5t rules ( trag$y & com$y1 7 call$ by ! g5]al "n ( ,op]a1 ! nature ( ! "w be+ m p>ticul>ly indicat$ by "s su* epi!t or epi!ts z regia1 comica1 tragica1 sc5ica1 sacra1 esempl>e1 regia ed esempl>e1 c42 & 9 ! case ( a lyrical drama1 ! words p] musica1 sc5ica p] musica1 regia ed esempl>e p] musica1 7 add$1 or ! production 0 /yl$ op]a musicale alone4 ,9 "t ! mix$ plays 7:i* 7 imitat$ f ! ,spani%7 fell into disrepute 9 ,italy1 :ile ! title ( ,op]a 0 /ill appli$ to lyrical dramas1 b n )\t musicale1 or 9 musica aft] x4 ,?is 0 suffici5tly vague1 b p soon f\nd x tr\blesome1 or ?\ght x useless1 to say op]a musicale1 :5 op]a by itself convey$1 if x did n express1 _! mean+1 & ?us dramatic works 9 music came to be call$ ,op]as4 ,alg>otte's "w on ! ,op]a 7translat$ into ,fr5*1 & entitl$ ,essai sur l',opra7 is call$ 9 ! orig9al ,saggio sopra l',op]a 9 musica4 ,op]a 9 music w\ld 9 ! pres5t day s\nd l a pleonasm1 b x is z well to consid] ! true mean+ ( words1 :5 we f9d !m n m]ely p]v]t$1 b 9 _! p]v]t$ s5se made ! f\ndation ( ridicul\s !ories4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,op]a ,! ,op]a proce$s f ! sacr$ musical plays ( ! #ae? c5tury z ! mod]n drama proce$s f ! m$ival my/]ies4 ,mne/ri]1 h[ev]1 ! ,jesuit fa!r1 assigns to x a f> great] antiquity1 & consid]s ! ,song ( ,solomon to be ! e>lie/ ,op]a on record1 f\nd+ 8 op9ion on ^! words ( ,/4 ,jrme1 translat$ f ,orig53--,epi?alamium1 libellus1 id e/ nuptiale c>m51 9 modum mihi videtur dramatis a ,solomone conscriptus quem cec9it in/> nub5tis spons4#b ,o!rs see ! fir/ specim5s ( op]a 9 ! ,greek plays2 b ! e>lie/ musical dramas ( mod]n ,italy1 f :i* ! ,op]a ( ! pres5t day is desc5d$ directly1 & 9 an unbrok5 l9e1 are my/]ies diff]+ only f ! dramatic my/]ies 9 s f> t ! dialogue 9 !m 0 sung in/ead ( be+ spok54 ,! ,conv]sion ( ,/4 ,paul 0 play$ 9 music1 at ,rome1 9 #addj4 ,! fir/ pr(ane subject treat$ op]atically1 0 ! desc5t ( ,orpheus into hell2 ! music ( ?is ,orfeo1 :i* 0 produc$ also at ,rome1 9 #adhj1 0 by ,angelo ,poliziano1 ! libretto by ,c>d9al ,ri>io1 nephew ( ,sixtus ,,iv4 ,! popes kept up an excell5t !atre1 & ,clem5t ,,ix4 0 himself ! au?or ( sev5 libretti4 ,at ?is "t ! great attraction 9 op]atic repres5tations 0 ! sc5]y--a sign ( infancy !n1 z x is a sign ( decad5ce n[4 ,at ! v beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ,bal?az> ,p]uzzi1 ! decorator ( ! papal !atre1 _h c>ri$ 8 art to su* p]fection1 t ! greate/ pa9t]s ( ! day 7 a/oni%$ at 8 p]=mances4 ,8 repres5tations ( ar*itecture & ! illusions ( height & di/ance :i* 8 k ( p]spective enabl$ him to produce1 7 especially admir$4 ,vas>i has told u h[ ,titian1 at ! ,palace ( la ,f>nes9a1 0 s /ruck by ! appe>ance ( solidity giv5 by ,p]uzzi to 8 designs 9 pr(ile1 t he 0 n satisfi$1 until he _h asc5d$ a ladd] & t\*$ !m1 t !y 7 n actually 9 relief4 ,"o c sc>cely conceive1 says ! hi/orian ( ! pa9t]s1 9 speak+ ( ,p]uzzi's sc5ic decorations1 ) :at ability1 9 s limit$ a space1 he repres5t$ su* a numb] ( h\ses1 palaces1 porticoes1 entablatures1 pr(iles1 & all ) su* an aspect ( reality t ! spectator fanci$ himself transport$ into ! middle ( a public squ>e1 to su* a po9t 0 ! illusion c>ri$4 ,moreov]1 ,bal?az>1 ! bett] to produce ^! results1 und]/ood1 9 an admirable mann] ! disposition ( light z well z all ! ma*9]y connect$ ) !atrical *anges & effects4 ,sid5ote3 ,,dafne4 ,9 #aegd1 ,claudio ,m]ulo1 organi/ at ,/4 ,m>k's1 ( ,v5ice1 compos$ ! music ( a drama by ,cornelio ,frangipani1 :i* 0 p]=m$ 9 ! ,v5etian ,c\ncil ,*amb] 9 pres5ce ( ,h5ry ,,iii4 ( ,france4 ,! music ( ! op]atic works ( ?is p]iod appe>s to h possess$ b little if any dramatic "*1 & to h consi/$ almo/ exclusively ( *oruses 9 ! madrigal /yle1 :i* 0 s successfully cultivat$ ab\t ! same "t 9 ,engl&4 ,emilio del ,cavali]e1 a celebrat$ musician ( ,rome1 made an attempt to introduce appropriat5ess ( expression into ^! *oruses1 & 8 re=m1 h[ev] incomplete1 attract$ ! att5tion ( ,giovanni ,b>di1 ,c\nt ( ,v]nio4 ,?is nobleman us$ to assemble 9 8 palace all ! mo/ di/+ui%$ musicians ( ,flor5ce1 among :om 7 ,mei1 ,cacc9i1 & ,v9c5t ,galileo1 ! fa!r ( ! a/ronom]4 ,v9c5t ,galileo 0 himself a discov]]1 & help$1 at ! ,c\nt ( ,v]nio's musical meet+s1 to inv5t recitative--an inv5tion ( comp>ative insignificance1 b :i* 9 ! sy/em ( mod]n op]a plays z important a "p1 p]haps1 z ! rotation ( ! e>? does 9 t ( ! cele/ial sph]es4 ,two o!r ,flor5t9e noblem51 ,pietro ,/rozzi & ,giacomo ,corsi1 enc\rag$ by ! example ( ,b>di1 & det]m9$ to give ! musical drama its fulle/ developm5t 9 ! new =m t x _h assum$1 engag$ ,ottavio ,r9ucc9i1 "o ( ! fir/ poets ( ! p]iod1 ) ,p]i & ,cacc9i1 two ( ! be/ musicians1 to compose an op]a :i* 0 entitl$ ,dafne1 & 0 p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ! ,corsi ,palace1 at ,flor5ce1 9 #aeig4 ,dafne appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ complete op]a4 ,x 0 consid]$ a ma/]piece bo? f ! beauty ( ! music & f ! int]e/ ( ! drama2 & on its model ! same au?ors compos$ _! op]a ( ,euridice1 :i* 0 repres5t$ publicly at ,flor5ce on ! occasion ( ! m>riage ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 ( ,france1 ) ,m>ie de ,m$icis1 9 #afjj4 ,ea* ( ! five acts ( ,euridice concludes ) a *orus1 ! dialogue is 9 recitative1 & "o ( ! *>act]s1 ,tircis1 s+s an air :i* is introduc$ by an in/rum5tal prelude4 ,new music 0 compos$ to ! libretto ( ,dafne by ,gagliano 9 #afjh1 :5 ! op]a ?us re>rang$ 0 p]=m$ at ,mantua2 & 9 #afbg ! same piece 0 translat$ by ,opitz1 ! fa!r ( ! lyric /age 9 ,g]many1 z he is call$1 set to music by ,s*utz1 & repres5t$ at ,dresd5 on ! occasion ( ! m>riage ( ! ,l&grave ( ,hesse ) ! si/] ( ,john-,george ,i41 ,elector ( ,saxony4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 until #afib t ,keis] appe>$ & p]fect$ ! =ms ( ! ,g]man ,op]a4 ,keis] 0 sc>cely n9ete5 ye>s ( age :5 he produc$ at ! ,c\rt ( ,wolf5bttel1 ,ism5e & ,basilius1 ! =m] /yl$ a ,pa/oral1 ! latt] an op]a4 ,x is said reproa*fully1 & z if faceti\sly1 ( a common-place ,g]man musician 9 ! pres5t day1 t he is ( ! ,wolf5bttel s*ool1 j z x is consid]$ comic 9 ,france to taunt a s+] or play] ) hav+ come f ,c>p5tras4 ,x is curi\s t ,wolf5bttel 9 ,g]many1 & ,c>p5tras 9 ,france 7z ,i %all %[ 9 ! next *apt]71 7 ! cradles ( ,op]a 9 _! respective c\ntries4 ,sid5ote3 ,,montev]de1 ,,& ,,8 ,,or*e/ra4 ,to return to ! ,op]a 9 ,italy4 ,! e>lie/ musical drama1 !n1 ) *oruses1 recitatives1 airs1 & in/rum5tal preludes 0 ,dafne1 by ,r9ucc9i z libretti/1 & ,cacc9i & ,p]i z compos]s2 b ! or*e/ra :i* accompani$ ?is "w consi/$ only ( a h>psi*ord1 a species ( guit> call$ a *it>one1 a lyre1 & a lute4 ,:5 ,montev]de appe>$1 he introduc$ ! mod]n scale1 & *ang$ ! :ole h>monic sy/em ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,he at ! same "t gave f> great] importance 9 8 op]as to ! accompanim5ts1 & increas$ to a rem>kable ext5t ! numb] ( musicians 9 ! or*e/ra1 :i* "u 8 arrangem5t includ$ e k9d ( in/rum5t kn[n at ! "t4 ,_m ( ,montev]de's in/rum5ts are n[ obsolete4 ,?is compos]1 ! unackn[l$g$ prototype ( our mod]n cultivators ( or*e/ral effects1 made use ( a sep>ate comb9ation ( in/rum5ts to ann\nce ! entry & return ( ea* p]sonage 9 8 op]as2 a dramatic means employ$ aft]w>ds by ,h(fmann 9 8 ,und9e1#c & 9 ! pres5t day ) pret5d$ novelty by ,ri*>d ,wagn]4 ,?is newe/ or*e/ral device is also ! olde/4 ,! score ( ,montev]de's ,orfeo1 produc$ 9 #afjh1 conta9s p>ts = two h>psi*ords1 two lyres or violas ) ?irte5 /r+s1 t5 violas1 ?ree bass violas1 two d\ble basses1 a d\ble h>p 7) two r[s ( /r+s71 two ,fr5* viol9s1 besides guit>s1 organs1 a flute1 cl>ions1 & ev5 trombones4 ,! bass violas accompani$ ,orpheus1 ! violas ,eurydice1 ! trombones ,pluto1 ! small organ ,apollo2 ,*>on1 /rangely en\gh1 sang to ! music ( ! guit>4 ,montev]de1 hav+ become *apel ma/] at ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,m>k1 produc$ at ,v5ice ,arianna1 ( :i* ,r9ucc9i _h writt5 ! libretto4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by o!r works ( ! same k9d1 :i* 7 produc$ ) great magnific5ce1 until ! fame ( ! ,v5etian op]as spread ?r\gh\t ,italy1 & by ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ! new ent]ta9m5t 0 e/abli%$ at ,v5ice1 ,bologna1 ,rome1 ,tur91 ,naples1 & ,mess9a4 ,popes1 c>d9als & ! mo/ illu/ri\s nobles took ! ,op]a "u _! protection1 & ! dukes ( ,mantua & ,mod5a di/+ui%$ !mselves by ! munific5ce ( _! patronage4 ,among ! mo/ celebrat$ ( ! female s+]s ( ?is p]iod 7 ,cat>9a ,m>t9ella ( ,rome1 ,ar*ilei1 ,francesca ,cacc9i 7daught] ( ! compos] ( t "n & h]self ! au?or ( an op]atic score71 ,adriana ,b>oni1 ( ,mantua1 & h] daught] ,leonora ,b>oni1 ^: praises h be5 sung by ,milton 9 8 ?ree ,lat9 poems ,ad ,leonoram ,rom can5tem4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,italian ,,op]a ,,abroad4 ,! ,italian op]a1 z we %all aft]w>ds see1 0 introduc$ into ,france "u ! auspices ( ,c>d9al ,maz>91 :o z ! ,abb ,maz>9i1 _h visit$ all ! pr9cipal !atres ( ,italy by ! express comm& ( ,ri*elieu1 & _h /udi$ _! sy/em ) a view to ! m p]fect repres5tation ( ! c>d9al-m9i/]'s trag$ies4 ,! ,italian ,op]a he introduc$ on 8 own acc\nt1 & x 01 on ! :ole1 v inhospitably receiv$4 ,inde$1 f ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a "u ,camb]t & 8 successor ,lulli1 9 ! latt] half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 until ! end ( ! eighte5?1 ! ,fr5* 7 unable to und]/& or unwill+ to ackn[l$ge ! imm5se sup]iority ( ! ,italians 9 ev]y?+ p]ta9+ to music4 ,9 #ageb ,p]golese's ,s]va ,padrona 0 ! cause ( ! celebrat$ dispute betwe5 ! p>tisans ( ,fr5* & ,italian ,op]a1 & ! end ( x 0 t ,la ,s]va ,padrona 0 hiss$1 & ! two s+]s :o appe>$ 9 x driv5 f ,p>is4 ,9 ,engl& ! ,italian ,op]a 0 introduc$ 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & "u ,h&el1 :o arriv$ 9 ,london 9 #agaj1 atta9$ ! greate/ p]fection4 ,s9ce ! production ( ,h&el's la/ dramatic "w1 9 #agdj1 ! ,italian ,op]a has cont9u$ to be repres5t$ 9 ,london ) sc>cely noticeable int]vals until ! pres5t day1 &1 on ! :ole1 ) rem>kable excell5ce4 ,( ,engli% ,op]a a f> less satisfactory acc\nt c be giv54 ,its traditions exi/ by no means 9 an unbrok5 l9e4 ,purcell wrote ,engli% op]as1 & 0 f> 9 advance ( all ! compos]s ( 8 "t1 except1 no d\bt1 ^? ( ,italy1 :o1 we mu/ rememb] 7 8 ma/]s1 ?\gh he did n slavi%ly copy !m4 ,s9ce !n1 we h _h compos]s 7= ! /age1 ,i mean7 :o h utt]ly fail$2 compos]s1 l ,dr4 ,arne1 :o h writt5 ,anglo-,italian op]as2 compos]s ( ballad op]as1 :i* are n op]as at all2 compos]s ( imitation-op]as ( all k9ds2 & la/ly1 ! compos]s ( ! pres5t day1 by :om ! long wi%$-= ,engli% ,op]a w p]haps at la/ be e/abli%$4 ,9 ,g]many1 :i*1 s9ce ! "t ( ,h&el & ,hasse1 has produc$ an abundance ( great compos]s = ! /age1 ! national op]a until ,gluck 7includ+ ,gluck's e>li] works71 0 imitat$ almo/ entirely f t ( ,italy2 & ! ,italian me?od ( s++ be+ ! true & only me?od has always prevail$4 ,?r\gh\t ! eighte5? c5tury1 we f9d ! great ,italian s+]s travell+ to all p>ts ( ,europe & c>ry+ ) !m ! op]as ( ! be/ ,italian ma/]s4 ,9 ea* ( ! c\ntries :]e ! op]a has be5 cultivat$1 x has _h a diff]5t hi/ory1 b f ! beg9n+ until ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! ,italian ,op]a fl\ri%$ 9 ,italy1 & also 9 ,g]many & 9 ,engl&2 :]eas ,france p]si/$ 9 reject+ ! musical tea*+ ( a =eign l& until ! utt] insuffici5cy ( h] own op]atic sy/em became too evid5t to be any long] d5i$4 ,%e rema9$ sep>at$ f ! re/ ( ,europe 9 a musical s5se until ! "t ( ! ,revolution1 z %e has s9ce & f v diff]5t reasons be5 sep>at$ f x politically4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,9 ,,france4 ,nev]!less1 ! hi/ory ( ! ,op]a 9 ,france is ( great int]e/1 l ! hi/ory ( e o!r art 9 t c\ntry :i* has engag$ ! att5tion ( its +5i\s amateurs & critics4 ,only1 = a consid]able p]iod x mu/ be treat$ ap>t4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is n>rative sket*1 :i* does n claim to be a sci5tific hi/ory1 ,i %all pursue1 z f> z possible1 ! *ronological me?od2 b x is "o :i* ! necessities ( ! subject w (t5 cause me to dep>t f4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,introduction ,,( ,,! ,,op]a ,,into ,,france ,,& ,,engl&4 ,fr5* ,op]a n f\nd$ by ,lulli4--,lulli's elevation f ! kit*5 to ! or*e/ra4--,lulli1 ,m4 de ,p\rceaugnac1 & ,l\is ,,xiv4--,buffoon]y rew>d$4--,a disreputable t5or4--,virtu\s precaution ( a prima donna4--,or?ography ( a /age ,que54--,a cure = love4--,mademoiselle de ,maup94--,a compos] ( sacr$ music4--,food = cattle4--,camb]t 9 ,engl&4--,! fir/ ,engli% ,op]a4--,music "u ,cromwell4--,music "u ,*>les ,,ii4--,grabut & ,dryd54--,purcell4 ,sid5ote3 ,,orfeo ,,& ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,9 a g5]al view ( ! hi/ory ( ! ,op]a1 ! c5tral figures w\ld be ,gluck & ,moz>t4 ,be=e ,gluck's "t ! op]atic art 0 9 its infancy1 & s9ce ! dea? ( ,moz>t1 no op]as h be5 produc$ equal to t compos]'s ma/]pieces4 ,moz>t mu/ h comm5c$ 8 ,idom5eo1 ! fir/ ( 8 celebrat$ works1 ! v ye> t ,gluck retir$ to ,vi5na1 aft] giv+ to ! ,p>isians 8 ,iphignie en ,tauride2 b1 ?\gh contempor>ies 9 ! /rict s5se ( ! ^w1 ,gluck & ,moz>t c sc>cely be look$ ^u z belong+ to ! same musical epo*4 ,! compositions ( ! =m]1 h[ev] immortal1 h at lea/ an antique ca/4 ,^? ( ! latt] h q a mod]n air2 & x mu/ appe> to ! audi5ces ( ! pres5t day t f> m ?an tw5ty-?ree ye>s sep>ate ,orfeo f ,don ,giovanni1 ?\gh t is ! precise int]val :i* elaps$ betwe5 ! production ( ! op]a by :i* ,gluck1 & ( ! "o by :i* ,moz>t1 is be/ kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,gluck1 aft] a c5tury & a half ( op]a1 s f> surpass$ all 8 pr$ecessors t no "w by a compos] ant]ior to him is ev] p]=m$4 ,lulli wrote an ,armide1 :i* 0 foll[$ by ,rameau's ,armide1 :i* 0 foll[$ by ,gluck's ,armide2 & ,montev]de wrote an ,orfeo a hundr$ & fifty ye>s be=e ,gluck produc$ ! ,orfeo :i* 0 play$ only ! o!r night at ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a4 ,! ,orfeo1 !n1 ( our exi/+ op]atic rep]tory takes u back ?r\gh its subject to ! e>lie/ ( regul> ,italian op]as1 & simil>ly ,gluck1 ?r\gh 8 ,armide appe>s z ! successor ( ,rameau1 :o 0 ! successor ( ,lulli1 :o usually passes = ! f\nd] ( ! ,op]a 9 ,france1 a c\ntry :]e x is p>ticul>ly int]e/+ to trace ! progress ( t ent]ta9m5t1 inasmu* z x c be obs]v$ at "o e/abli%m5t1 :i* has exi/$ cont9u\sly = two hundr$ ye>s1 & :i*1 "u ! title ( ,acadmie ,royale1 ,acadmie ,nationale1 & ,acadmie ,impriale 7x has n[ gone by ea* ( ^? names twice71 has witness$ ! production ( m op]atic ma/]pieces ?an any o!r !atre 9 any city 9 ! _w4 ,to conv9ce ! read] ( ! tru? ( ?is latt] ass]tion ,i ne$ only rem9d him ( ! works produc$ at ! ,acadmie ,royale by ,gluck & ,picc9ni imm$iately be=e ! ,revolution2 & ( ! ,masaniello ( ,aub]1 ! ,william ,tell ( ,ross9i1 & ! ,rob]t ! ,devil ( ,mey]be]1--all writt5 = ! said ,acadmie )9 sixte5 ye>s ( ! t]m9ation ( ! ,napoleonic w>s4 ,nei!r ,naples1 nor ,milan1 nor ,prague1 nor ,vi5na1 nor ,muni*1 nor ,dresd51 nor ,b]l91 has individually se5 ! bir? ( s _m great op]atic works by diff]5t ma/]s1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 if judg$ by ! numb] ( great compos]s to :om !y h giv5 bir?1 bo? ,g]many & ,italy mu/ be rank$ inf9itely high] ?an ,france4 ,inde$1 if we comp>e ,france ) our own c\ntry1 we f9d1 x is true1 t an op]a 9 ! national language 0 e/abli%$ !re e>li] ?an "h1 ?\gh 9 ! fir/ in/ance only z a private ent]ta9m5t2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! ,fr5*1 until ,gluck's "t1 _h nev] any compos]s1 native or adopt$1 at all comp>able to our ,purcell1 :o produc$ 8 ,k+ ,ar?ur z f> back z #afia4 ,lulli is g5]ally said to h introduc$ ,op]a into ,france1 &1 inde$1 is repres5t$ 9 a picture1 well kn[n to ,p>isian op]a-go]s1 receiv+ a privilege f ! h&s ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 z a rew>d & enc\ragem5t = 8 s]vices 9 t respect4 ,?is privilege1 h[ev]1 0 nei!r des]v$ nor obta9$ 9 ! mann] suppos$4 ,c>d9al ,maz>9 introduc$ ,italian ,op]a into ,p>is 9 #afde1 :5 ,lulli 0 only twelve ye>s ( age2 & ! fir/ ,fr5* ,op]a1 entitl$ ,akb>1 ,roi de ,mogol1 words & music by ! ,abb ,mailly1 0 br\ght out ! ye> foll[+ 9 ! ,episcopal ,palace ( ,c>p5tras1 "u ! direction ( ,c>d9al ,bi*i1 ,urban ! ,eigh?'s legate4 ,clem5t ,,vii4 _h already appe>$ z a libretti/1 & x has be5 said t ,urban ,,viii4 himself recomm5d$ ! importation ( ! ,op]a into ,france2 s t ! real fa!r ( ! lyric /age 9 t c\ntry 0 c]ta9ly n a scullion1 & may h be5 a ,pope4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,academy ,,( ,,music4 ,! second ,fr5* ,op]a 0 ,la ,pa/orale en musique1 words by ,p]r91 music by ,camb]t1 :i* 0 privately repres5t$ at ,issy2 & ! ?ird ,pomone1 also by ,p]r9 & ,camb]t1 :i* 0 publicly p]=m$ 9 ,p>is 9 #afga--! ye> 9 :i* 0 produc$1 at ! same !atre1 ,psy*1 a tragdie-ballet1 by ! two greate/ dramatic poets ,france has ev] produc$1 ,molire & ,corneille4 ,pomone 0 ! fir/ ,fr5* ,op]a he>d by ! ,p>isian public1 & x 0 to ! ,abb ,p]r91 its au?or1 & n to ,lulli1 t ! pat5t ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music 0 grant$4 ,a privilege = e/abli%+ an ,academy ( ,music _h be5 conc$$ a hundr$ ye>s be=e by ,*>les ,,ix4 to ,anto9e de ,baif1--! ^w ,acadmie be+ us$ z an equival5t = ,accademia1 ! ,italian = conc]t4 ,p]r9's lic5se appe>s to h be5 a r5ewal1 z to =m1 ( de ,baif's1 & ?us orig9at$ ! em95tly absurd title :i* ! *ief op]atic !atre ( ,p>is has reta9$ ev] s9ce4 ,! ,academy ( ,music is ( c\rse an academy 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! ,?tre ,franais is a college ( declamation1 & ! ,palais ,royal ,!atre a s*ool ( morality2 b no "o ne$ seek to ju/ify its title because x is kn[n to owe its exi/5ce to a confusion ( t]ms4 ,six ,fr5* op]as _h be5 p]=m$ be=e ,lulli1 support$ by ,madame de ,montespan1 succe$$ 9 depriv+ ,p]r9 ( 8 privilege1 & secur+ x = himself--at ! v mom5t :5 ,p]r9 & ,camb]t 7 ab\t to br+ out _! ,ariane1 ( :i* ! repres5tation 0 /opp$4 ,! success ( ,lulli's intrigue drove ,camb]t to ,london1 :]e he 0 receiv$ ) mu* fav\r by ,*>les ,,ii41 & appo9t$ director ( ! ,c\rt music1 an (fice :i* he reta9$ until 8 dea?4 ,lulli's fir/ op]a1 writt5 9 conjunction ) ,qu9ault1 be+ ! sev5? produc$ on ! ,fr5* /age1 0 ,cadmus & ,h]mione 7#afgc74 ,sid5ote3 ,,lulli',s ,,disgrace4 ,! life ( ! =tunate1 unscrupul\s1 b really tal5t$ scullion1 to :om is falsely attribut$ ! hon\r ( hav+ f\nd$ ! ,op]a 9 ,france1 has (t5 be5 n>rat$1 & = ! mo/ "p v inaccurately4 ,e "o kn[s t he arriv$ f ,italy to ent] ! s]vice ( ,mademoiselle de ,montp5si] z page1 & t he 0 degrad$ by t lady to ! back kit*53 b x is n s g5]ally kn[n t he 0 only sav$ ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,madame de ,montespan f a %ameful & horrible dea? on ! ,place de ,grve1 :]e 8 accomplice 0 actually burn$ & 8 a%es ?r[n to ! w9ds4 ,mademoiselle de ,montp5si]1 9 "o ( h] lett]s1 speaks ( ,lulli ask+ = 8 cong2 b x is q c]ta9 t he 0 dismiss$1 ?\gh x w\ld be z impossible to give a complete acc\nt ( ! causes ( 8 dismissal z to publi% ! orig9al ( ! ne$lessly elaborate reply attribut$ to a c]ta9 ,fr5* g5]al at ,wat]loo4#d ,we may m5tion1 h[ev]1 t ,lulli _h compos$ a song :i* 0 a good deal sung at ! c\rt1 & at :i* ! ,pr9cess _h e "r to be (f5d$4 ,a ,fr5* dramati/ has made ?is affair ( ! song ! subject ( a v +5i\s little piece1 :i* 0 repres5t$ 9 ,engli% "s ye>s s9ce at ! ,adelphi ,!atre1 b 9 :i* ! exact nature ( ! objectionable composition is ( c\rse n indicat$4 ,suffice x to say1 t ,lulli 0 dis*>g$1 & t ,l\is ,,xiv41 he>+ ! libell\s air1 & f9d+ x to 8 ta/e1 %[$ s little reg>d = ,mademoiselle de ,montp5si]'s feel+s1 z to take ! "y musician into 8 own s]vice4 ,!re 7 no vacancies 9 ! k+'s b&1 & x 01 moreov]1 a po9t ( etiquette t ! c\rt-fiddl]s %\ld buy _! places2 s to save tr\ble1 &1 p]haps1 f a suspicion t 8 ord9>y play]s 7 a set ( impo/ors1 8 maje/y commission$ ,lulli to =m a b& ( 8 own1 to :i* ! "n ( ,les petits violons du roi 0 giv54 ,! little fiddles soon became m exp]t musicians ?an ! big ones1 & ,l\is 0 s pleas$ ) ! little fiddle-9-*ief1 t he entru/$ him ) ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! music ( 8 ballets4 ,^! ballets1 :i* correspond$ closely en\gh to our ,engli% masques1 7 ent]ta9m5ts n ( danc+ only1 b also ( vocal & in/rum5tal music2 ! "n 0 app>5tly d]iv$ f ! ,italian ballata1 ! p>5t ( our own ballad4 ,lulli also compos$ music = ! int]ludes & songs 9 ,molire's com$ies1 9 :i* he sometimes appe>$ himself z a s+]1 & ev5 z a burlesque actor4 ,once1 :5 ! musical arrangem5ts 7 n q ready = a ballet1 9 :i* ! k+ 0 to play f\r p>ts--! ,h\se ( ,france1 ,pluto1 ,m>s & ! ,sun--he repli$1 on receiv+ a comm& to proce$ ) ! piece--,le roi e/ le maitre2 il peut att5dre tant qu'il lui plaira4 ,8 maje/y did n1 z ,i h se5 x /at$1 laugh at ! faceti\s imp]t95ce ( 8 musician4 ,on ! contr>y1 he 0 s]i\sly (f5d$2 & great 0 ,lulli's al>m :5 he f\nd t nei!r ! ,h\se ( ,france1 nor ,pluto1 nor ,m>s1 nor ! ,sun1 w\ld smile at ! pleasantries ) :i*1 z ! p]=mance w5t on1 he endeav\r$ to atone = 8 unbecom+ spee*4 ,! wra? ( ! ,great ,mon>* 0 n to be appeas$1 & ,lulli's enemies already began to rejoice at 8 ?reat5$ d[nfall4 ,sid5ote3 ,,lulli ,a ,,buffoon4 ,=tunately1 ,molire 0 at ,v]sailles4 ,lulli ask$ him at ! conclusion ( ! ballet to ann\nce a p]=mance ( ,m4 de ,p\rceaugnac1 a piece :i* nev] fail$ to div]t ,l\is2 & x 0 arrang$ t j be=e ! rise ( ! curta9 ,molire %\ld excuse himself1 on ! score ( a sudd5 indisposition1 f appe>+ 9 ! pr9cipal "*4 ,:5 !re seem$ to be no *ance ( ,m4 de ,p\rceaugnac be+ play$1 ,lulli1 t ! k+ might n be disappo9t$1 nobly volunte]$ to und]take ! "p ( ! h]o1 & ex]t$ himself 9 an unprec$5t$ mann] to d x ju/ice4 ,b 8 maje/y1 :o g5]ally f\nd ! tr\bles ( ! ,lim\s9 g5tleman s amus+1 on ?is occasion did n ev5 smile4 ,! great sc5e 0 ab\t to beg92 ! sc5e 9 :i* ! apo!c>ies1 arm$ ) _! t]rible weapons1 attack ,m4 de ,p\rceaugnac & *ase him r\nd ! /age4 ,l\is look$ grav] ?an ev]4 ,!n ! com$ian1 z a la/ hope1 ru%$ f ! back ( ! /age to ! foot lights1 sprang into ! or*e/ra1 alight$ on ! h>psi*ord1 & sma%$ x into a ?\s& pieces4 ,by ?is fall he rose4 ,probably he hurt himself1 b no matt]2 on look+ r\nd he saw ! ,great ,mon>* 9 convulsions ( laught]4 ,enc\rag$ by 8 success1 he climb$ back ?r\gh ! prompt]'s box on to ! /age2 ! royal mir? increas$1 & ,lulli 0 n[ once m re9/at$ 9 ! good graces ( 8 sov]eign4 ,molire _h a high op9ion ( ,lulli's faceti\s p[]s4 ,fais n\s rire1 ,bapti/e1 he w\ld say1 & x _c h be5 any sort ( joke t w\ld h excit$ ! laught] ( ! greate/ ( comic writ]s4 ,nev]!less1 he fell out ) ,lulli :5 ! latt] atta9$ ! privilege ( ! ,op]a1 &1 pr(it+ by ! monopoly :i* x secur$ to him1 =bade ! au?or ( ,t>tuffe to introduce m ?an two s+]s 9 8 int]ludes1 or to employ m ?an six viol9s 9 8 or*e/ra4 ,accord+ly1 ,molire entru/$ ! composition ( ! music = ! ,malade ,imag9aire1 to ,*>p5ti]4 ,! songs & symphonies ( all 8 o!r pieces1 ) ! exception ( ,mlic]te1 7 compos$ by ,lulli4 ,! /ory ( ,lulli's obta9+ lett]s ( nobility ?r\gh ! excell5ce ( 8 buffoon]y 9 ! "p ( ! ,muphti1 9 ! ,b\rgeois ,g5tilhomme has (t5 be5 told4 ,?is 0 9 #afgj1 b once a noble1 & director ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 he %[$ b little disposition to contribute to ! div]sion ( o!rs1 ev5 by ! ex]cise ( 8 legitimate art4 ,n only did he refuse to play ! viol91 b he w\ld n ev5 h "o 9 8 h\se4 ,to ov]come ,lulli's repugnance 9 ?is respect1 ,m>%al de ,gramont hit ^u a v +5i\s plan4 ,he us$ to make "o ( 8 s]vants :o possess$ ! gift ( conv]t+ music into noise1 play ! viol9 9 ,lulli's pres5ce4 ,^u ?is1 ! highly susceptible musician w\ld snat* ! in/rum5t f ! valet's h&s1 & re/ore ! murd]$ melody to life & beauty2 !n1 excit$ by ! pleasure ( produc+ music1 he =got all ar\nd him1 & cont9u$ to play to ! great delight ( ! m>%al4 ,_m curi\s /ories are told ( ,lafonta9e's want ( success z a libretti/2 ,lulli refus$ ?ree ( 8 op]as1 "o aft] ! o!r1 ,daphn1 ,a/re1 & ,acis et ,gala?e--! ,acis et ,gala?e set to music by ,lulli be+ ! "w ( ,campi/ron4 ,at ! fir/ repres5tation ( ,a/re1 ( :i* ! music _h be5 writt5 by ,colasse 7a compos] :o imitat$ & (t5 plagi>is$ f ,lulli71 ,lafonta9e 0 pres5t 9 a box beh9d "s ladies :o did n "k him4 ,he kept exclaim+ e mom5t1 ,dete/able6 dete/able6 ,sid5ote3 ,,lafonta9e',s ,,imp>tiality4 ,tir$ ( he>+ ! same ?+ repeat$ s _m times1 ! ladies at la/ turn$ r\nd & said1 ,x is really n s bad4 ,! au?or is a man ( consid]able wit2 x is writt5 by ,m4 de la ,fonta9e4 ,cela ne vaut pas le diable1 repli$ ! libretti/1 & ?is ,lafonta9e ( :om y speak is an ass4 ,i am ,lafonta9e1 & ought to "k4 ,aft] ! fir/ act he left ! !atre & w5t into ! ,caf ,m>ion1 :]e he fell asleep4 ,"o ( 8 fri5ds came 91 & surpris$ to see him1 said--,m4 de la ,fonta9e6 ,h[ is ?is8 ,ought y n to be at ! fir/ p]=mance ( y\r op]a8 ,! au?or awoke1 & said1 ) a yawn--,i've be52 & ! fir/ act 0 s dull t ,i _h n ! c\rage to wait = ! o!r4 ,i admire ! pati5ce ( ^! ,p>isians6 99 99 99 99 99 ,comp>e ?is ) ! simil> conduct ( an ,engli% hum\ri/1 ,*>les ,lamb1 :o1 meet+ ) no great] success z a dramati/ ?an ,lafonta9e1 0 equally a/oni%$ at ! pati5ce ( ! public1 & rema9$ 9 ! pit to hiss 8 own f>ce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,colasse1 ,lafonta9e's compos]1 & ,campi/ron1 "o ( ,lulli's libretti/s--:5 ,qu9ault 0 n 9 ! way--occasionally work$ toge!r1 & ) no v fav\rable result4 ,h5ce1 mutual reproa*es1 ea* attribut+ ! failure ( ! op]a to ! /upidity ( ! o!r4 ,?is sugge/$ ! foll[+ epigram1 :i*1 "u simil> circum/ances1 has be5 (t5 imitat$3-- ,entre ,campi/ron et ,colasse1 ,gr& dbat s'meut au ,p>nasse1 ,sur ce que l'opra n'a pas un sort heureux4 ,de son mauvais succs nul ne se croit c\pable4 ,l'un dit que la musique e/ plate et misrable1 ,l'autre que la conduite et les v]s sont affreux2 ,et le gr& ,apollon1 t\j\rs juge quitable1 ,tr\ve qu'ils ont raison t\s deux4 ,qu9ault 0 by f> ! mo/ successful ( ,lulli's libretti/s1 9 spite ( ! contempt ) :i* 8 v]ses 7 always treat$ by ,boileau4 ,boileau lik$ ,lulli's music1 b :5 he ent]$ ! ,op]a1 & 0 ask$ :]e he w\ld sit1 he us$ to reply1 ,put me 9 "s place :]e ,i %all n be able to he> ! words4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,fiddle ,,9 ,,! ,,sev5te5? ,,c5tury4 ,lulli mu/ h _h sad tr\ble ) 8 or*e/ra1 = 9 8 "t a viol9i/ 0 look$ ^u z m]ely an adjunct to a danc+-ma/]4 ,!re 0 a k+ ( ! fiddles1 )\t ^: p]mission no cat-gut c\ld be scrap$2 & 9 sell+ 8 lic5ses to danc+-ma/]s & ! musicians ( ball-rooms1 ! rul] ( ! b[s does n appe> to h requir$ any pro( ( capacity f 8 cli5ts4 ,ev5 ! simple exp$i5t ( %ift+ 0 unkn[n to ,lulli's viol9i/s1 & = ye>s aft] 8 dea?1 to rea* ! ,c above ! l9e 0 a notable feat4 ,! pit q und]/ood ! difficulty1 & :5 ! dread$ dman*em5t _h to be accompli%$1 w\ld indulge 9 s>ca/ic %\ts ( g>e l'ut6 g>e l'ut6 ,! viol9 0 n 9 mu* repute 9 ! #ag?1 & /ill less 9 ! #af?1 c5tury4 ,! lute 0 a classical in/rum5t2 ! h>p 0 ! in/rum5t ( ! ,tr\bad\rs2 b ! fiddle 0 fit only = s]vants1 & fiddl]s & s]vants 7 class$ toge!r4 ,su* a "o1 says ,malh]be1 :o seeks = 8 ance/ors among h]oes is ! son ( a lacquey or a fiddl]4 ,brantme1 relat+ ! dea? ( ,mademoiselle de ,limeuil1 "o ( ! ,que5's maids ( hon\r1 :o expir$1 poor girl1 to a viol9 accompanim5t1 expresses himself z foll[s3-- ,:5 ! h\r ( h] dea? _h arriv$1 %e s5t = h] valet1 su* z all ! maids ( hon\r h2 & he 0 call$ ,juli51 & play$ v well on ! viol94 ',juli51' said %e1 'take y\r viol9 & play to me cont9ually1 until y see me dead1 ! ,defeat ( ! ,swiss1#e z well z y are able2 & :5 y are at ! passage ,all is lo/1 s\nd x f\r or five times z pite\sly z y c2 :i* ! o!r did1 :ile %e h]self assi/$ him ) h] voice4 ,%e recit$ x twice1 & !n turn+ on ! o!r side ( h] pill[ said to h] companions1 ',all is lo/ ?is "t1 z well ,i "k1' & ?us di$4 ,^! musical valets 7 z mu* slaves z ! anci5t flute play]s ( ! ,roman nobles1 & 7 b\ght1 sold1 & ex*ang$ l horses & dogs4 ,:5 _! s]vices 7 n requir$ at home1 ma/]s & mi/resses :o 7 g5]\sly incl9$ w\ld all[ _! fiddl]s to g out & play 9 ! /reets on _! own acc\nt4 99 99 99 99 99 ,/range tales are told ( ! memb]s ( ,lulli's company4 ,dumnil1 ! t5or1 us$ to /eal jewell]y f ! soprano & contralto ( ! troop1 & get intoxicat$ ) ! b>itone4 ,?is ecc5tric virtuoso is said to h drunk six bottles ( *ampagne e night he p]=m$1 & to h improv$ gradually until ab\t ! fif?4 ,dumnil1 aft] "o ( 8 voyages to ,engl&1 :i* he visit$ sev]al times1 lo/ 8 voice4 ,!n1 see+ no reason :y he %\ld mod]ate 8 intemp]ance at all1 he gave himself up unre/ra9$ly to dr9k+1 & di$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]atic ,,or?ography4 ,mdlle4 ,desmt9s1 ! orig9al repres5tative ( ,armide 0 *iefly celebrat$ = h] beauty1 h] love ( good liv+1 h] corpul5ce1 & h] bad gramm>4 ,%e x 0 :o wrote ! celebrat$ lett] communicat+ to a fri5d ! dea? ( h] *ild1 ,notre anfan ai maure1 vi5 de boneure1 le mi5 ai de te voire4 ,mlle4 ,desmt9s took s mu* pleasure 9 repres5t+ royal p]sonages t %e assum$ ! 7!atrical7 co/ume & demean\r ( a que5 9 h] own h\sehold1 sat on a ?rone1 & made h] att5dants s]ve h] on _! knees4 ,ano!r vocali/1 ,m>! le ,ro*ois1 accus$ ( grave flirtation ) a bassoon1 ju/ifi$ h]self by %[+ a promise ( m>riage1 :i* ! gallant in/rum5tali/ _h writt5 on ! back ( an ace ( spades4 ,! ,op]a s+]s ( ?is p]iod 7 n p>ticul>ly well paid1 & hi/ory relates t ,mlles4 ,aubry & ,v]di]1 be+ engag$ = ! same l9e ( bus9ess1 _h to live 9 ! same room & sleep 9 ! same b$4 ,m>! ,le ,ro*ois 0 fond ( giv+ advice to h] companions4 ,inspire y\rself ) ! situation1 %e said to ,desmt9s1 :o _h to repres5t ,m$ea ab&on$ by ,jason2 fancy y\rself 9 ! poor woman's place4 ,if y 7 des]t$ by a lov]1 :om y ador$1 add$ ,m>!1 ?9k+1 no d\bt1 ( ! bassoon1 :at %\ld y d8 ,i %\ld look out = ano!r1 repli$ ! +5u\s girl4 ,b by f> ! mo/ di/+ui%$ op]atic actress ( ?is p]iod 0 ,mlle4 de ,maup91 n[ bett] kn[n ?r\gh ,?ophile ,gau?i]'s sc&al\s1 b brilliant & vigor\sly writt5 romance1 ?an by h] actual adv5tures & exploits1 :i*1 h[ev]1 7 suffici5tly rem>kable4 ,among ! mo/ amus+ ( h] escapades1 7 h] assaults ^u ,dumnil & ,?v5>d1 ! be=e-m5tion$ t5or & b>itone ( ! ,academie4 ,dress$ 9 male attire %e w5t up to ! =m] "o night 9 ! ,place des ,victoires1 can$ him1 depriv$ him ( 8 wat* & snuff-box1 & ! next day produc$ ! trophies at ! !atre j z ! plund]$ vocali/ 0 boa/+ t he _h be5 attack$ by ?ree robb]s1 & _h put !m all to flight4 ,%e is said to h t]rifi$ ! latt] to su* a degree t he rema9$ ?ree weeks hid+ f h] 9 ! ,palais ,royal4 ,mlle4 de ,maup9 0 9 _m respects ! ,lola ,montes ( h] day1 b ) m beauty1 m tal5t1 m p[]1 & m d>+4 ,:5 %e appe>$ z ,m9]va1 9 ,lulli's ,cadmus1 & tak+ (f h] helmet to ! public1 %[$ all h] beautiful light br[n hair1 :i* hung 9 luxuriant tresses ov] h] %\ld]s1 ! audi5ce 7 9 ec/acies ( delight4 ,) less tal5t1 & less p[]s ( fasc9ation1 %e w\ld infallibly h be5 execut$ = ! num]\s fatal duels 9 :i* %e 0 engag$1 & might ev5 h be5 burnt alive = invad+ ! sanctity ( a conv5t at ,avignon1 to say no?+ ( h] attempt+ to set fire to x4 ,p]haps x w\ld be m correct to say t ,lola ,montes 0 ! ,mlle4 ,maup9 ( h] day2 a ,maup9 ( a c5tury :i* is mod]ate 9 its passions & its vices z 9 o!r ?+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,compos] ,,( ,,sacr$ ,,music4 ,moreau1 ! successor ( ,lulli1 is *iefly kn[n z hav+ writt5 ! music = ! *oruses ( ,rac9e's ,e/h]1 7#afhi74 ,^! *oruses1 re-arrang$ by ,p]ne1 7 p]=m$ 9 #ahba1 at ! ,cons]vatoire ( ,p>is1 & 7 mu* applaud$4 ,rac9e1 9 8 preface to ,e/h]1 says1 ,i _c f9i% ?is preface )\t r5d]+ ju/ice to ! au?or ( ! music1 & confess+ frankly t 8 7*oral7 songs =m$ "o ( ! greate/ attractions ( ! piece4 ,all connoisseurs are agre$ t = a long "t no airs h be5 he>d m t\*+1 or m suitable to ! words4 ,nev]!less1 ,madame de ,ma9t5on's special compos] 0 n em95tly religi\s 9 8 habits4 ,! musician ^: hymns 7 sung by ! daught]s ( ,sion & ( ,/4 ,cyr s\ght 8 inspiration at a tav]n 9 ! ,rue ,/4 ,jacques1 9 company ) ! poet ,la9ez & ) mo/ ( ! s+]s & danc]s ( ! p]iod4 ,no memb] ( ! ,op]a rode pa/ ! ,cab>et de la ,b>re ,royale )\t ty+ 8 horse up 9 ! y>d & go+ 9 = a mom5t to h a ^w & a glass ) ,moreau4 ,sometimes ! mom5t became an h\r1 sometimes sev]al4 ,! horses ( ,ltang & ,favi]1 danc]s at ! ,acadmie1 aft] be+ left eight h\rs 9 ! c\rt-y>d )\t food1 gnaw$ ?r\gh _! bridles1 &1 look+ no d\bt = ! /able1 f\nd _! way into a b$-room1 :]e !y dev\r$ ! cont5ts ( a dilapidat$ /raw mattrass4 ,we mu/ all live1 said ,la9ez1 :5 he saw a mattrass *>g$ = among ! items ( ! repa/1 & he ha/5$ to (f] ! un=tunate animals a ration ( w9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,fr5* ,,music ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,:5 ,camb]t arriv$ 9 ,london he f\nd ,*>les ,,ii4 & 8 ,c\rt fully dispos$ to patronise any sort ( importation f ,france4 ,naturally1 !n1 ! f\nd] ( ,fr5* ,op]a 0 well receiv$4 ,ev5 ,lock1 9 _m ( 8 pieces1 _h imitat$ ! ,fr5* /yle2 & ?\gh he _h be5 employ$ to compose ! music = ! public entry ( ,*>les ,,ii41 at ! ,re/oration1 & 0 aft]w>ds appo9t$ compos] 9 ord9>y to ,8 ,maje/y1 ,camb]t1 imm$iately on 8 arrival1 0 made ma/] ( ! k+'s b&2 & two ye>s aft]w>ds an ,engli% v]sion ( 8 ,ariadne 0 produc$4 ,y knew ,camb]t1 says de ,viz1 9 ,le ,m]cure ,galant2 he has j di$ 9 ,london 7#afgg71 :]e he receiv$ _m fav\rs f ! ,k+ ( ,engl& & f ! greate/ noblem5 ( 8 ,c\rt1 :o _h a high op9ion ( 8 g5ius4 ,:at !y h se5 ( 8 works has n beli$ ! reputation he _h acquir$ 9 ,france4 ,x is to him we owe ! e/abli%m5t ( ! op]as t are n[ repres5t$4 ,! music ( ^? ( ,pomona1 & ( ! ,pa9s & ,pleasures ( ,love1 is by him1 & s9ce t "t we h _h no recitative 9 ,france t has appe>$ new4 ,9 sev]al ,engli% books1 ,grabut1 :o accompani$ ,camb]t to ,engl&1 is said to h arrang$ ! music ( ,ariadne1 & ev5 to h compos$ x2 b ?is is manife/ly an error4 ,?is same ,grabut wrote ! music to ,dryd5's celebrat$ political op]a ,albion & ,albanius1 :i* 0 p]=m$ at ! ,duke's ,!atre 9 #afhe1 & ( :i* ! repres5tations 7 /opp$ by ! news ( ,monm\?'s invasion4 ,purcell1 :o 0 only fifte5 ye>s ( age :5 ,ariadne 0 produc$1 0 n[ tw5ty-six1 & _h writt5 a great deal ( admirable dramatic music4 ,probably ! public ?\ght t to him1 & n to ! ,fr5*man1 might h be5 confid$ ! task ( sett+ ,albion & ,albanius1 = 9 ! preface to t "w ,dryd5 says1 z if apologetically1 t dur+ ! rehe>sal ! k+ _h publicly decl>$ m ?an once1 t ! composition & *oruses 7 m j & m beautiful ?an any he _h he>d 9 ,engl&4 ,!n aft] a w>m comm5dation ( ,grabut ,dryd5 adds1 ,?is ,i say1 n to flatt] him1 b to d him "r2 because among "s ,engli% musicians1 & _! s*ol>s1 :o are sure to judge aft] !m1 ! imputation ( be+ a ,fr5*man is en\gh to make a p>ty :o malici\sly endeav\r to decry him4 ,b ! k ( ,lat9 & ,italian poets1 bo? ( :i* he possesses1 besides 8 skill 9 music1 & 8 be+ acqua9t$ ) all ! p]=mances ( ! ,fr5* op]as1 add+ to ^! ! good s5se to :i* he is born1 h rais$ him to a degree above any man :o %all pret5d to be 8 rival on our /age4 ,:5 any ( our c\ntrym5 excel him1 ,i %all be glad1 = ! sake ( ,old ,engl&1 to be %[n my error3 9 ! meantime1 let virtue be comm5d$1 ?\gh 9 ! p]son ( a /rang]4 ,nei!r ,grabut nor ,camb]t 0 ! fir/ compos] :o produc$ a complete op]a 9 ,engl&4 ,dur+ ! ,commonweal?1 9 #afef1 ,sir ,william ,dav5ant _h obta9$ p]mission to op5 a !atre = ! p]=mance ( op]as1 9 a l>ge room1 at ! back ( ,rutl& ,h\se1 9 ! upp] end ( ,ald]sgate ,/reet2 &1 long be=e1 ! spl5did c\rt masques ( ,james ,i4 & ,*>les ,i4 _h giv5 opportunities = ! developm5t ( recitative1 :i* 0 fir/ compos$ 9 ,engl& by an ,italian1 nam$ ,lani]e1 an em95t musician1 pa9t] & engrav]4 ,! ,op]a _h be5 e/abli%$ 9 ,italy s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 & we h se5 t 9 #afjg1 ,montev]de wrote 8 ,orfeo = ! c\rt ( ,mantua4 ,b x 0 /ill kn[n 9 ,engl& & ,france only ?r\gh ! acc\nts1 respectively1 ( ,evelyn & ( ,/4 ,evrmond4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,engli% ,,op]a4 ,! fir/ ,engli% op]a produc$ at ,sir ,william ,dav5ant's !atre1 ! ye> ( its op5+1 0 ,! ,siege ( ,rhodes1 made a repres5tation by ! art ( p]spective 9 sc5es1 & ! /ory sung 9 recitative music4 ,!re 7 five *anges ( sc5e1 accord+ to ! anci5t dramatic di/9ctions made = "t1 & !re 7 sev5 p]=m]s4 ,! "p ( ,solyman 0 tak5 by ,capta9 ,h5ry ,cook1 t ( ,ian! by ,mrs4 ,coleman1 :o appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ actress on ! ,engli% /age--9 ! s5se 9 :i* ,he9e 0 ! fir/ poet ( 8 c5tury 7hav+ be5 born on ! #a/ ( ,janu>y1 #ahjj7f & ,beaum>*ais ! fir/ poet 9 ,p>is 7to a p]son ent]+ ! city f ! ,porte ,/4 ,anto9e74#g ,! rema9+ five p>ts 7 d\bl$4 ,t ( ! ,admiral 0 tak5 by ,mr4 ,pet] ,rymon1 & ,mat!w ,lock1 ! future compos] ( ! music to ,macbe?2 t ( ,mu/apha1 by ,mr4 ,?omas ,blagrave1 & ,h5ry ,purcell1 ! fa!r ( ! compos] ( ,k+ ,ar?ur1 & himself an accompli%$ musician4 ,! vocal music ( ! fir/ & fif? entries or acts1 0 compos$ by ,h5ry ,lawes2 t ( ! second & ?ird1 by ,capta9 ,h5ry ,cook1 aft]w>ds ma/] ( ! *ildr5 ( ! ,*apel ,royal2 t ( ! f\r?1 by ,lock4 ,! in/rum5tal music 0 by ,dr4 ,*>les ,coleman & ,george ,hudson1 & 0 p]=m$ by an or*e/ra ( six musicians4 ,! fir/ ,engli% op]a !n 0 produc$1 t5 ye>s lat] ?an ! fir/ ,fr5* op]a2 b ! ,siege ( ,rhodes 0 p]=m$ publicly1 :]eas1 x 0 n until fifte5 ye>s aft]w>ds 7#afga7 t ! fir/ public p]=mance ( a ,fr5* op]a 7,camb]t's ,pomone7 took place4 ,ord9ances = ! suppression ( /age plays _h be5 9 =ce 9 ,engl& s9ce #afdb1 & 9 #afdc1 a tract 0 pr9t$ "u ! title ( ,! ,actor's ,remon/rance1 %[+ to :at di/ress ! musicians ( ! !atre _h be5 already r$uc$4 ,! writ] says1 ,b musike t 0 held s delectable & preci\s t !y scorn$ to come to a tav]n "u tw5ty %ill+s sal>y = two h\rs1 n[ w&] ) _! in/rum5ts "u _! cloaks 7,i mean su* z h any7 to all h\ses ( good fell[%ip1 salut+ e room :]e !re is company ) 'w y h any musike1 g5tlem54' ,9 #afdh1 moreov]1 a provo/-m>%al 0 appo9t$ ) p[] to seize ^u all ballad s+]s1 & to suppress /age plays4 ,nev]!less1 ,oliv] ,cromwell 0 a great lov] ( music4 ,he is said to h ent]ta9$ ! mo/ skilful 9 t sci5ce 9 8 pay & family2 & x is kn[n t he engag$ ,h+/on1 a celebrat$ musician1 =m]ly 9 ! s]vice ( ,*>les1 at a sal>y ( "o hundr$ a-ye>--! ,h+/on1 at ^: h\se ,sir ,rog] l',e/range 0 play+1 & cont9u$ to play :5 ,oliv] ent]$ ! room1 :i* ga9$ = ?is virtuoso ! title ( ,oliv]'s fiddl]4 ,antony ,wood1 also tells a /ory ( ,cromwell's love ( music4 ,james ,qu91 "o ( ! s5ior /ud5ts ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 ) a bass voice1 v /rong & exce$+ tr\l+1 _h be5 turn$ out ( 8 place by ! visitors1 b1 be+ well acqua9t$ ) "s great m5 ( ^? times t lov$ music1 !y introduc$ him into ! company ( ,oliv] ,cromwell1 ! ,protector1 :o lov$ a good voice & in/rum5tal music well4 ,he he>d him s+ ) great delight1 liquor$ him ) sack1 & 9 conclusion1 said1 ',mr4 ,qu91 y h done well1 :at %all ,i d = y8' ,to :i* ,qu9 made answ]1 ',t y\r highness w\ld be pleas$ to re/ore me to my /ud5t's place1' :i* he did accord+ly4 ,b ! be/ pro( t c be giv5 ( ,oliv] ,cromwell's love = music is ! simple fact t1 "u 8 gov]nm5t1 & ) 8 special p]mission1 ! ,op]a 0 f\nd$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,sid5ote3 ,,cromwell',s ,,love ,,( ,,music4 ,we h se5 t 9 ,*>les ,,ii's reign1 ! c\rt res]v$ its patronage almo/ exclusively = ,fr5* music1 or music 9 ! ,fr5* /yle4 ,:5 ,camb]t arriv$ 9 ,london1 our ,great ,purcell 7born1 #afei7 0 /ill a *ild4 ,he produc$ 8 fir/ op]a1 ,dido & neas1 ! ye> ( ,camb]t's dea? 7#afgg72 b1 al?\gh1 9 ! mean:ile1 he wrote a quantity ( vocal & in/rum5tal music ( all k9ds1 & especially = ! /age1 x 0 n until aft] ! dea? ( ,*>les t he associat$ himself ) ,dryd5 9 ! production ( ^? musical dramas 7n op]as 9 ! prop] s5se ( ! ^w7 by :i* he is *iefly kn[n4 ,9 #afij1 ,purcell compos$ music = ,! ,tempe/1 alt]$ & %amefully disfigur$ by ,dryd5 & ,dav5ant4 ,sid5ote3 ,,purcell4 ,9 #afia1 ,k+ ,ar?ur1 :i* conta9s ,purcell's f9e/ music1 0 produc$ ) imm5se success4 ,! w>-song ( ! ,britons1 ,come if y ,d>e1 & ! conclud+ duet & *orus1 ,britons /rike ,home1 h surviv$ ! re/ ( ! "w4 ,! =m] piece 9 p>ticul> is well kn[n to conc]t-go]s ( ! pres5t day1 f ! excell5t s++ ( ,mr4 ,sims ,reeves4 ,purcell di$ at ! age ( ?irty-six1 ! age at :i* ,moz>t & ,raphael 7 lo/ to ! _w1 & has n yet f\nd a successor4 ,he 0 n only ! mo/ orig9al1 & ! mo/ dramatic1 b also ! mo/ ?or\ghly ,engli% ( our native compos]s4 ,9 ! d$ication ( ! music ( ! ,prophetess to ! ,duke ( ,som]set1 ,purcell himself says1 ,music is yet b 9 its nonage1 a =w>d *ild1 :i* gives hope ( :at x may be h]eaft] 9 ,engl&1 :5 ! ma/]s ( x %all f9d m enc\ragem5t4 ',tis n[ le>n+ ,italian1 :i* is its be/ ma/]1 & /udy+ a little ( ! ,fr5* air to give x some:at m ( gaiety & fa%ion4 ,"h ,purcell spoke 9 all mode/y1 = ?\gh 8 /yle may h be5 =m$ 9 "s measure on ,fr5* models1 !re is1 says ,dr4 ,burney1 a lat5t p[] & =ce 9 8 expression ( ,engli% words1 :atev] be ! subject1 t w make an unprejudic$ native ( ?is isl& feel m ?an all ! elegance1 grace & ref9em5t ( mod]n music1 less happily appli$1 c d2 & ?is pleasure is communicat$ to u1 n by ! symmetry or rhy?m ( mod]n melody1 b by 8 hav+ tun$ to ! true acc5ts ( our "m tongue1 ^? notes ( passion :i* an inhabitant ( ?is isl& w\ld brea! 9 su* situations z ! words describe4 ,& ^! indig5\s expressions ( passion ,purcell _h ! p[] to en=ce by ! en]gy ( modulation1 :i*1 on "s occasions1 0 bold1 affect+ & sublime4 ,h&el1 he adds1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 a less b>b>\s age = 8 art1 has be5 ackn[l$g$ ,purcell's sup]ior 9 _m p>ticul>s2 b 9 none m ?an ! art & gr&eur ( 8 *oruses1 ! h>mony & texture ( 8 organ fugues1 z well z 8 great /yle ( conc]tos2 ! +5uity ( 8 accompanim5ts to 8 songs & *oruses2 & ev5 9 ! g5]al melody ( ! airs !mselves2 yet1 9 ! acc5t1 passion & expression ( ,engli% words1 ! vocal music ( ,purcell is1 sometimes1 to my feel+s1 z sup]ior to ,h&el's z an orig9al poem to a translation4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,on ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,! ,,op]a1 ,,& ,,its ,,m]its ,,z ,,comp>$ ,,) ,,o!r ,,=ms ,,( ,,! ,,drama4 ,op]a admir$ = its un9telligibility4--,! use ( words 9 op]a4--,an inquisitive amateur4--,new v]sion ( a *orus 9 ,rob]t le ,diable4--,/range read+s ( ! ,cr$o by two *apel ma/]s4--,dramatic situations & effects peculi> to ! ,op]a4--,pleasantries direct$ aga9/ ! ,op]a2 _! antiquity & h>mlessness4--,les ,opras by ,/4 ,evrmond4--,beaum>*ais's mot4--,addison on ! ,italian ,op]a 9 ,engl&4--,swift's epigram4--,brang] on ! decl9e ( ! drama4--,:at may be se5 at ! ,op]a4 ,sid5ote3 ,,un9telligibility ,,( ,,op]a4 ,:5 ,sir ,william ,dav5ant obta9$ p]mission f ,cromwell to op5 8 !atre = ! p]=mance ( op]as1 ,antony ,wood wrote t1 ,?\gh ,oliv] ,cromwell _h n[ prohibit$ all o!r !atrical repres5tations1 he all[$ ( ?is because be+ 9 an unkn[n language x c\ld n corrupt ! morals ( ! p4 ,!reupon x has be5 imag9$ t ,antony ,wood mu/ h suppos$ ,sir ,william ,dav5ant's p]=mances to h be5 9 ! ,italian tongue1 z if he c\ld n h reg>d$ music z an unkn[n language1 & h conclud$ t a drama conduct$ 9 music w\ld = t reason be un9telligible4 ,nev]!less1 9 ! pres5t day we h a c5sor :o refuses to p]mit ! repres5tation ( ,la ,dame aux ,camlias 9 ,engli%1 or ev5 9 ,fr5*1#h b :o tol]ates ! p]=mance ( ,la ,traviata1 7:i*1 ,i ne$ h>dly say1 is ! ,dame aux ,camlias set to music7 9 ,italian1 &1 ,i believe1 ev5 9 ,engli%2 ?9k+1 no d\bt1 l ,antony ,wood1 t 9 an op]atic =m x _c be und]/ood1 & !re=e _c corrupt ! morals ( ! p4 ,s9ce ,antony ,wood's "t a good deal ( /upid1 unmean+ v]se has be5 writt5 9 op]as1 & sometimes :5 ! words h n be5 ( !mselves un9telligible1 !y h be5 r5d]$ ne>ly s by ! mann] 9 :i* !y h be5 set to music1 to say no?+ ( ! f9al obscurity giv5 to !m by ! imp]fect enunciation ( ! s+]s4 ,! m]e fact1 h[ev]1 ( a dramatic piece be+ p]=m$ 9 music does n make x un9telligible1 b1 on ! contr>y1 increases ! sph]e ( its intelligibility1 giv+ x a m univ]sal int]e/ & r5d]+ x an ent]ta9m5t appreciable by p]sons ( all c\ntries4 ,?is 9 itself is n mu* to boa/ (1 = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! ballet is indep5d5t ( language to a /ill great] ext5t2 & ,la ,gitana or ,esm]alda c be z well und]/ood by an ,engli%man at ! ,op]a ,h\se ( ,b]l9 or ( ,mosc[ z at ,h] ,maje/y's ,!atre 9 ,london2 :ile p]haps ! mo/ univ]sally intelligible drama ev] p]=m$ is t ( ,pun*1 ev5 :5 ! brief dialogue :i* adorns its pantomime is inaudible4 ,op]a is music 9 a dramatic =m2 & p g to ! !atre & li/5 to x z if x 7 s mu* prose4 ,!y h ev5 be5 kn[n to compla9 dur+ or aft] ! p]=mance t !y c\ld n he> ! words1 z if x 7 ?r\gh ! m]e logical mean+ ( ! words t ! compos] propos$ to excite ! emotion ( ! audi5ce4 ,! only pity is t x is necess>y 9 an op]a to h words at all1 b x is evid5t t a s+] c\ld n ent] into ! _s ( a dramatic situation if he _h a m]e /r+ ( mean+less syllables or any sort ( inappropriate nons5se to utt]4 ,he mu/ fir/ produce an illusion on himself1 or he w produce none on ! audi5ce1 & he mu/1 !re=e1 fully inspire himself ) ! s5tim5t1 logical z well z musical1 ( :at he has to s+4 ,o!rwise1 all we want to "k ab\t ! words ( ,ca/a diva 7to take examples f ! mo/ popul>1 z also "o ( ! v f9e/ ( ,italian op]as7 is t x is a pray] to a goddess2 ( ! ,druids' *orus1 t x is *orus ( ,druids2 ( ! trio1 t ,norma hav+ confront$ ,pollio ) ,adalgisa1 is reproa*+ him indignantly & passionately ) 8 p]fidy2 ( ! duet t ,norma is confid+ h] *ildr5 to ,adalgisa's c>e2 ( ! sc5e ) ,pollio1 t ,norma is aga9 reproa*+ him1 b 9 a diff]5t _s1 ) sadness & bitt]ness1 & ) ! compress$ sorr[ ( a woman :o is w\nd$ to ! he>t & mu/ soon die4 ,i may be 9 error1 h[ev]1 = ?\gh ,i h se5 ,norma fifty times1 ,i h nev] exam9$ ! libretto1 & ( ! :ole piece "k sc>cely m ?an ! two words :i* ,i h already p>ad$ be=e ! public--,ca/a ,diva4 ,sid5ote3 ,,wond]ful ,,in/ance ,,( ,,curiosity4 ,"o night1 at ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a1 :5 ,m>io 0 play+ ! "p ( ! ,duke ( ,mantua 9 ,rigoletto1 & 0 s++ ! comm5cem5t ( ! duet ) ,gilda1 a man dress$ 9 black & :ite l e "o else1 said to me gravely1 ,i d n und]/& ,italian4 ,c y tell me :at he is say+ to h]8 ,he is tell+ h] t he loves h]1 ,i answ]$ briefly4 ,:at is he say+ n[8 ask$ ?is inquisitive amateur two m9utes aft]w>ds4 ,he is tell+ h] t he loves h]1 ,i repeat$4 ,:y1 he said t be=e6 object$ ?is p]son :o _h app>5tly come to ! op]a ) ! view ( ga9+ "s k9d ( valuable in=mation f ! p]=m]s4 ,poor ,bosio 0 ! ,gilda1 b my horny-e>$ neighb\r wond]$ none ! less t ! ,duke c\ld n say ,i love y1 9 ?ree words4 ,he w say x aga91 ,i answ]$1 & !n %e w say x1 & !n !y w say x toge!r2 inde$1 !y w say no?+ else = ! next five m9utes1 & :5 y he> !m exclaim 'addio' ) "o voice1 & g on repeat+ x1 x w /ill mean ! same ?+4 ,:at b5ight$ amateur 0 ?is :o want$ to "k ! words ( a beautiful duet2 & is !re mu* diff]5ce betwe5 su* a "o & ! man :o w\ld look at ! texture ( a canvas to see :at ! pa9t+ on x 0 wor?8 ,let x be admitt$ t z a rule no op]a is intelligible )\t a libretto2 b is a drama always intelligible )\t a play-bill8 ,a libretto1 = g5]al use1 ne$ really be no l>g] ?an an ord9>y programme2 & x w\ld be a positive advantage if x conta9$ m]ely a sket* ( ! plot ) ! subject1 & p]haps ! fir/ l9e ( all ! pr9cipal songs4 ,sid5ote3 ,,imitative ,,music4 ,!n ! fooli% amateur w\ld n run ! risk ( hav+ 8 att5tion div]t$ f ! music by ! words1 & w\ld be m likely to give himself up to ! enjoym5t ( ! op]a 9 a rational & legitimate mann]4 ,ano!r advantage ( keep+ ! words f ! public w\ld be1 t compos]s1 full ( ! grosse/ prose1 b prid+ !mselves on _! fancy1 w\ld at la/ see ! inutility z well z ! pett9ess ( pick+ out "o p>ticul> ^w 9 a l9e1 & illu/rat+ x3 ?us imitat+ a s\nd :5 _! aim %\ld be to depict a s5tim5t4 ,ev5 ! illu/ri\s ,purcell has s9n$ 9 ?is respect1 & ,mey]be]1 innum]able times1 ?\gh always display+ rem>kable +5uity1 & z mu* good ta/e z is compatible ) an error aga9/ bo? ta/e & reason4 ,x is a pity t great musicians %\ld desc5d to su* anti-poetical1 &1 inde$1 nons5sical trivialities2 b :5 inf]ior ones are unable to let a s+] wi% %e 7 a bird1 )\t imitat+ a bird's *irrup+ on ! piccolo1 or allude 9 ! mo/ di/ant mann] to ! trumpet's s\nd1 )\t tak+ x z a h9t to introduce a %ort fl\ri% on t in/rum5t1 ,i _c help ?9k+ ( ^? lit]al-m9d$ pictorial illu/rators :o foll[ a precisely analog\s process1 & :o1 = example1 9 pictur+ ! sc5e 9 :i* ,macbe? exclaims--,?r[ physic to ! dogs1 w\ld repres5t a man ?r[+ bottles ( m$ic9e to a pack ( h\nds4 ,:at a treat1 by ! way1 x w\ld be to he> a sett+ ( ,o!llo's f>ewell to w> by a det]m9$ compos] ( imitative picturesque music6 ,h[ e>-pi]c+ w\ld be 8 fifes6 ,h[ _s-/irr+ 8 drums4 ,! words ( an op]a ought to be good1 & yet ne$ n ( necessity be he>d4 ,!y %\ld be poetical t !y may inspire fir/ ! compos] & aft]w>ds ! s+]2 & !y %\ld be ryh?mical & sonor\s 9 ord] t ! latt] may be able to s+ !m ) due effect4 ,above all !y ought n to be ridicul\s1 le/ ! public %\ld he> !m & laugh at ! music1 j :]e x 0 int5d$ t x %\ld affect !m to te>s4 ,ev]y?+ ought to be good at ! op]a d[n to ! ros9 ( ! fiddl]s1 & includ+ ! words ( ! libretto4 ,ev5 ! *orus %\ld h tol]able v]ses to s+1 ?\gh no "o w\ld be likely ev] to he> !m4 ,inde$1 x is said t at ! ,gr& ,op]a ( ,p>is1 by a tradition n[ ?irty ye>s old1 ! op5+ *orus 9 ,rob]t le ,diable is always sung to ^? t\*+ l9es--:i* ,i confess ,i nev] he>d on ! o!r side ( ! or*e/ra3-- ,la s\- pe aux *\x se fait dans la m> -mite ,dans la m>mi--te on fait la s\pe aux *\x4 ,i h said no?+ ab\t ! duty ( ! compos] 9 select+ 8 libretto & sett+ x to music1 b ( c\rse if he be a man ( ta/e he w n will+ly accept a collection ( nons5se v]ses4 ,engli% compos]s1 h[ev]1 h n mu* *oice 9 ?is respect1 & all we c ask ( !m is t !y w d _! be/ ) :at !y h be5 able to obta92 n indulg+ 9 too _m repetitions1 & n tir+ ! s+] & provok+ su* ( ! audi5ce z may wi% to cat* ! words by sett+ m ?an half a doz5 notes to ! same monosyllable especially if ! monosyllable occurs 9 ! middle ( a l9e1 & ! v[el e1 or worse /ill1 i1 9 ! middle ( ! monosyllable4 ,"o ( our mo/ em95t compos]s1 ,mr4 ,v9c5t ,wallace1 has giv5 u a /rik+ example ( ! fault ,i am speak+ ( 9 8 well-kn[n trio--,turn on old ,"t ?y h\r-glass 7,m>itana7 9 :i*1 accord+ to ! music1 ! scann+ ( ! fir/ half l9e is z foll[s3-- ,trn n ld ,t - ----ime c4 ,sid5ote3 ,,words ,,= ,,music4 ,to be sure ,"t is inf9ite1 b sev5 s\nds d n convey ! notion ( inf9ity2 & ev5 if !y did1 x w\ld n be any ! m pleasant = a s+] to h to take a five note leap1 & !n execute five o!r notes on a v[el :i* _c be utt]$ )\t clos+ ! ?roat4 ,if ,i _h be5 9 ,mr4 ,v9c5t ,wallace's place1 ,i %\ld1 at all ev5ts1 h insi/$ on ,mr4 ,fitzball mak+ "o *ange4 ,in/ead ( ,old ,"t1 he %\ld h ins]t$ ,old ,p>r4 ,trn n ld ,p- - ---arr c41 w\ld n h be5 m intelligible to ! audi5ce ?an--,turn on old ,ti-i-i-i-i-i-ime1 c41 & x w\ld h be5 a ?\s& times easi] to s+4 ,nor 9 spite ( ! little importance ,i atta* to ! phraseology ( ! libretto :5 li/5+ to music 9 a dramatic =m1 w\ld ,i1 if ,i 7 a compos]1 accept su* a l9e z-- ,:5 ! pr\d l& ( ,pol& 0 pl\gh$ by ! ho(1 ) a susp5sion ( s5se aft] ! ^w ho(4 ,no2 ! libretti/ might take 8 ho( else:]e4 ,x %\ld n appe> 9 my ,op]a2 at lea/1 n 9 lieu ( a pl\gh4 ,mr4 ,balfe %\ld tell su* poets to keep su* pl\ghs = !mselves4 ,sic vos pro vobis f]tis aratra boves1 he might say to !m4 ,! s+] ought c]ta9ly to und]/& :at he is s++1 & /ill m c]ta9ly %\ld ! compos] und]/& :at he is compos+2 b ! sight ( ,lat9 rem9ds me t bo? h sometimes fail$ to d s1 & f no "o's fault b _! own4 ,jomelli us$ to tell a /ory ( an ,italian *apel-ma/]1 :o gave to "o ( 8 solo s+]s ! phrase ,g5itum non factum1 to :i* ! *orus _h to reply ,factum non g5itum4 ,?is transposition seem$ +5i\s & picturesque to ! compos]1 & suit$ a contra/ ( rhy?m :i* he _h tak5 great pa9s to produce4 ,x 0 probably due only to ! bad enunciation ( ! *ori/]s t he 0 n burn$ alive4 ,porpora1 too1 n>r[ly escap$ ! t]rors ( ! inquisition2 & b = 8 av[$ & cle>ly-prov$ ignorance ( ,lat9 w\ld h made a bad end ( x1 = a simil>1 ?\gh n q s ludicr\s a blund] z ! "o p]petrat$ by ,jomelli's fri5d4 ,he _h be5 accu/om$ to add non & si to ! v]ses ( 8 libretto :5 ! music requir$ x1 & 9 sett+ ! cre$ f\nd x conv5i5t to introduce a non4 ,?is novel v]sion ( ! ,belief comm5c$--,cr$o1 non cr$o1 non cr$o 9 ,deum1 & x 0 well = ,porpora t he 0 able to conv9ce ! inquisitors ( 8 inability to und]/& x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,unnaturalness ,,( ,,op]a4 ,ano!r *apel-ma/] ( m rec5t times is said1 9 compos+ a mass1 to h giv5 a delightfully pa/oral "* to 8 ,agnus ,dei4 ,to him a little le>n+ _h inde$ prov$ a dang]\s ?+4 ,he _h1 someh[1 asc]ta9$ t agnus meant lamb1 & _h =?) gone to "w ) pipe & cornemuse to give appropriate picturesqu5ess to 8 accompanim5ts4 ,besides accusations ( un9telligibility & ( contra-s5se 7z = in/ance :5 a girl s5t5c$ to dea? s+s 9 a lively /ra971 ! ,op]a has be5 attack$ z ess5tially absurd1 & x is satisfactory to "k t ^! attacks date f its fir/ introduction into ,engl& & ,france4 ,to "s x appe>s mon/r\s t m5 & wom5 %\ld be repres5t$ on ! /age s++1 :5 x is notori\s t 9 actual life !y communicate 9 ! speak+ voice4 ,op]a 0 decl>$ to be unnatural z comp>$ ) drama4 ,9 o!r words1 x 0 ?\ght natural t ,desdemona %\ld express h] grief 9 melodi\s v]se1 b unnatural t %e %\ld d s 9 pure melody4 7,= ! sake ( ! comp>ison ,i mu/ suppose ,ross9i's ,otello to h be5 writt5 long be=e its "t74 ,p]sons1 ) any pret5ce to reason1 h long ceas$ to urge su* futile objections aga9/ a delightful ent]ta9m5t :i*1 z ,i %all endeav\r to %[1 is 9 "s respects ! f9e/ =m ! drama has assum$4 ,gresset answ]$ ^! music-hat]s well 9 8 ,disc\rs sur l'h>monie4--,aft] all1 he says1 if we /udy nature d we n f9d m fidelity to appropriat5ess at ! ,op]a ?an on ! tragic /age :]e ! h]o speaks ! language ( declamatory poetry8 ,has n h>mony always be5 mu* bett] able ?an simple declamation to imitate ! true tones ( ! passions1 deep sighs1 sobs1 bur/s ( grief1 langui%+ t5d]ness1 int]jections ( despair1 ! inflexions ( pa?os1 & all ! en]gy ( ! he>t8 ,= ! sake ( enjoy+ ! pleasures ( music & ( ! drama 9 comb9ation1 we mu/ adopt c]ta9 conv5tions1 & mu/ assume t song is ! natural language ( ! m5 & wom5 t we propose to %[ 9 our op]as2 z we assume 9 trag$y t !y all talk 9 v]se1 9 com$y t !y are all witty & yet are p]petually giv+ "o ano!r opportunities = rep>tee2 9 ! ballet t !y all dance & are unable to speak at all4 ,! =m is no?+4 ,give u ! true expression ( natural emotion & all ! re/ w seem natural en\gh4 ,only x w\ld be z well to introduce z _m danc+ *>act]s & danc+ situations z possible 9 ! ballet--& to rememb] 9 p>ticul> t ,roman soldi]s c\ld n ) propriety figure 9 "o2 = a ballet on ! subject ( ,les ,horaces 0 once actually produc$ 9 ,france1 9 :i* ! ,horatii & ! ,curiatii danc$ a d\ble pas de trois2 & s 9 ! trag$y ! *ief passages ought n to be ,london coal-heav]s or ,p>isian wat]-c>ri]s2 & simil>ly 9 ! ,op]a1 sc5es & situations %\ld be avoid$ :i* 9 no way sugge/ s++4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,op]atic ,,*orus4 ,& let me n[ in=m ! ignorant oppon5ts ( ! ,op]a1 t !re are c]ta9 gr& dramatic effects atta9able on ! lyric /age1 :i*1 )\t ! aid ( music1 c\ld n possibly be produc$4 ,music has (t5 be5 def9$2 "h is a new def9ition ( x4 ,x is ! language ( masses--! only language t masses c speak & be und]/ood4 ,on ! old /age a cr[d c\ld n cry ,d[n ) ! tyrant6 or ,we w6 or ev5 ,yes1 & ,no1 ) any intelligibility4 ,!re is "s di/ance betwe5 ?is /ate ( ?+s & ! ,bless+ ( ! dagg]s 9 ! ,hugu5ots1 or ! pray] ( ! ,israelites 9 ,moses4 ,on ! old /age we c\ld nei!r h _h ! pray] 7unless x 7 recit$ by a s+le voice1 :i* w\ld be worse ?an no?+7 be=e ! passage1 nor ! ?anksgiv+1 :i*1 9 ! ,op]a1 is sung imm$iately aft] ! ,r$ ,sea has be5 cross$2 b above all we c\ld n obta9 ! sublime effect produc$ by ! contra/ betwe5 ! two songs2 ! same song1 & yet h[ diff]5t6 ! diff]5ce betwe5 m9or & major1 betwe5 a psalm ( humble supplication & a hymn ( jubilant gratitude4 ,?is is ! *ange ( key at :i*1 accord+ to ,/5dhal1 ! wom5 ( ,rome fa9t$ 9 su* numb]s4 ,x _c be he>d )\t emotion1 ev5 9 ,engl&1 & we d n ?9k any "o1 ev5 a pr(ess$ enemy ( ,op]a1 w\ld ask himself dur+ ! p]=mance ( ! pray] 9 ,mos1 :e!r x 0 natural or n t ! ,israelites %\ld s+ ei!r be=e or aft] cross+ ! ,r$ ,sea4 ,aga91 h[ c\ld ! animation ( ! m>ket sc5e 9 ,masaniello be r5d]$ s well z by means ( music8 ,9 conc]t$ pieces1 moreov]1 ! ,op]a possesses a means ( dramatic effect q z p[]ful & z peculi> to itself z its *oruses4 ,! f9e/ situation 9 ,rigoletto 7to take an example f "o ( ! be/ kn[n op]as ( ! day7 is t 9 :i* ! qu>tet occurs4 ,"h1 ?ree p]sons express simultane\sly ! diff]5t feel+s :i* are excit$ 9 ! brea/ ( ea* by ! pres5ce ( a f\r? 9 ! h\se ( an assass91 :ile ! cause ( all ?is emotion is gracefully mak+ love to "o ( ! ?ree1 :o is ! assass9's si/]4 ,! amor\s f]v\r ( ! ,duke1 ! c>eless gaiety ( ,maddal5a1 ! despair ( ,gilda1 ! v5geful rage ( ,rigoletto1 are all told mo/ dramatically 9 ! comb9$ songs ( ! f\r p]sonages nam$1 :ile ! spectator d]ives an additional pleasure f ! art by :i* ^! f\r diff]5t songs are bl5d$ into h>mony4 ,a magnific5t qu>tet1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 ! model exi/$ long be=e 9 ,don ,giovanni4 ,all ?is is1 ( c\rse1 v unnatural4 ,x w\ld be s mu* m natural t ! ,duke ( ,mantua %\ld fir/ make a long spee* to ,maddal5a2 t ,maddal5a %\ld !n answ] him2 t aft]w>ds bo? %\ld rema9 sil5t :ile ,gilda1 ( ^: pres5ce outside ! tav]n !y are unaw>e1 sobs =? h] lam5tations at ! p]fidy ( h] betray]2 & t f9ally ! ,duke1 ,maddal5a1 & ,gilda1 by "s inexplicable agreem5t1 %\ld n say a ^w :ile ,rigoletto is congratulat+ himself on ! prospect ( be+ spe$ily rev5g$ on ! lib]t9e :o has robb$ him ( 8 daught]4 ,9 ! old drama1 p]fect sympa?y betwe5 two lov]s c sc>cely be express$ 7or r symboliz$7 s vividly z ?r\gh ! ensemble ( ! duet1 :]e ! two voices are jo9$ s z to =m b "o h>mony4 ,we are sometimes incl9$ to ?9k t ev5 ! balcony duet betwe5 ,romeo & ,juliet ought to be 9 music2 & c]ta9ly no liv+ dramati/ c\ld r5d] ! duet 9 music betwe5 ,val5t9e & ,ra\l adequately into ei!r prose or v]se4 ,talk ( music de/roy+ ! drama1--:y x is f love ( ! drama t s _m p]sons g to ! op]a e night4 ,sid5ote3 ,,explod$ ,,pleasantries4 ,b is x n absurd to he> a man say1 ,good morn+1 ,h[ d y d8 9 music8 ,mo/ decid$ly2 & !re=e ord9>y1 common-place1 & trivial rem>ks %\ld be exclud$ f op]as1 z f poetical dramas & f poetry ( all k9ds except comic & burlesque v]se4 ,x 0 n res]v$ = ! unmusical critics ( ! pres5t day to discov] t x w\ld be grotesque to utt] su* a phrase z ,give me my boots1 9 recitative1 & t su* a l9e z ,wait]1 a cutlet nicely br[n$1 c\ld n be advantage\sly set to music4 ,all ?is sort ( hum\r 0 exhau/$ long ago by ,haut]o*e1 9 8 ,crisp9 ,musici51 :i* 0 br\ght out 9 ,p>is ?ree ye>s aft] ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 & reviv$ 9 ! "t ( ,rameau 7#agce7 by ,palaprat1 9 8 ,conc]t ,ridicule & ,ballet ,extravagant 7#afhi-ij71 ( :i* ! au?or aft]w>ds said t !y 7 ! s\rce ( all ! bad9age t _h s9ce be5 applaud$ 9 m ?an tw5ty com$ies2 t is to say1 ! int]m9able pleasantries on ! subject ( ! ,op]a2 & by ,/4 ,evrmond1 9 8 com$y entitl$ ,les ,opras1 :i* he wrote dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ,london4 ,9 ,/4 ,evrmond's piece1 :i* 0 publi%$ b n play$1 ,*risot9e is1 s to speak1 op]a-/ruck4 ,%e ?9ks ( no?+ b ,lulli1 or ,bapti/e1 z %e affectionately calls him1 aft] ! mann] ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 & 8 ,c\rt2 s+s all day long1 & 9 fact has altoge!r ab&on$ spee* = song4 ,p]rette1 ! s]vant1 tells ,*risot9e t h] fa!r wi%es to see h]4 ,:y di/urb me at my songs1 replies ! "y lady1 s++ all ! "t4 ,! att5dant compla9s to ! fa!r1 t ,*risot9e w n answ] h] 9 ord9>y spok5 language1 & t %e s+s ab\t ! h\se all day long4 ,*risot9e corroborates ,p]rette's /atem5t1 by address+ a little cavat9a to h] p>5t1 9 :i* %e prote/s aga9/ ! h>%ness ( ^? :o w\ld h9d] h] f s++ ! t5d] loves ( ,h]mione & ,cadmus4 ,speak l o!r p1 ,*risot9e1 exclaims old ,*ris>d1 or ,i w issue su* an edict aga9/ op]as t !y %all nev] be spok5 ( aga9 :]e ,i h any au?ority4 ,my fa!r1 ,bapti/e2 op]a1 my duty to my p>5ts2 h[ am ,i to decide betwe5 y8 exclaims ! "y girl1 ) a tragic indecision z pa9ful z t ( ,arnold1 ! son ( ,tell1 hesitat+ betwe5 8 ,matilda & 8 native l&4 ,sid5ote3 ,,/4 ,,evremond',s ,,burlesque4 ,y hesitate betwe5 ,bapti/e & y\r fa!r1 cries ! old g5tleman4 ,o tempora6 ,o mores6 7only 9 ,fr5*74 ,t5d] "m6 ,cruel fa!r6 & y1 ,o ,cadmus6 ,unhappy ,cadmus6 ,i %all see y no m1 s+s ,*risot9e2 & soon aft]w>ds %e adds1 /ill s++1 t %e w\ld r die ?an speak l ! vulg>4 ,x is a new fa%ion at ! c\rt 7%e cont9ues71 & s9ce ! la/ op]a no "o speaks o!rwise ?an 9 song4 ,:5 "o g5tleman meets ano!r 9 ! morn+1 x w\ld be grossly impolite n to s+ to him3--',monsieur comm5t v\s portez v\s8' to :i* ! o!r w\ld reply--',je me porte votre s]vice4' ,,fir/ ,,g5tleman4--',aprs d9]1 que f]ons n\s8' ,,second ,,g5tleman4--',allons voir la belle ,cl>isse4' ,! mo/ ord9>y ?+s are sung 9 ?is mann]1 & 9 polite society p don't "k :at x means to speak o!rwise ?an 9 music4 ,*ris>d4--,d p ( quality s+ :5 !y are ) ladies8 ,*risot9e4--,s+6 s+6 ,i %\ld l to see a man ( ! _w endeav\r to ent]ta9 company ) m]e talk 9 ! old /yle4 ,he w\ld be look$ ^u z "o ( a by-gone p]iod4 ,! s]vants w\ld laugh at him4 ,*ris>d4--,& 9 ! t[n8 ,*risot9e4--,all p]sons ( any importance imitate ! c\rt4 ,x is only 9 ! ,rue ,/4 ,d5is & ,/4 ,honor & on ! ,bridge ( ,notre ,dame t ! old cu/om is /ill kept up4 ,!re p buy & sell )\t s++4 ,b at ,gau?i]'s1 at ! ,orang]y2 at all ! %ops :]e ! ladies ( ! c\rt buy dresses1 ornam5ts & jewels1 all bus9ess is c>ri$ on 9 music1 & if ! deal]s did n s+ _! goods w\ld be confiscat$4 ,p say t a sev]e edict has be5 issu$ to t effect4 ,!y appo9t no ,provo/ ( ,trade n[ unless he is a musician1 & until ,m4 ,lulli has exam9$ him to see :e!r he is capable ( und]/&+ & en=c+ ! rules ( h>mony4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! above sc5e1 be x obs]v$1 is n ! "w ( an ignorant detractor ( op]a1 ( a brute ins5sible to ! *>ms ( music1 b is ! production ( ,/4 ,evrmond1 "o ( ! v fir/ m51 on our side ( ! ,alps1 :o call$ att5tion to ! beauties ( ! new musical drama1 j e/abli%$ 9 ,italy1 & :i*1 :5 he fir/ wrote on ! subject1 _h n yet be5 introduc$ into ,france4 ,/4 ,evrmond _h too mu* s5se to decry ! ,op]a on acc\nt ( su* improbabilities z mu/ inevitably belong to e =m ( ! drama--:i* is ! expression ( life1 b :i* ne$ n = t reason be re/rict$ exclusively to ! language ( spee*1 any m ?an trag$y ne$ be conf9$ to ! diction ( prose1 or com$y to ! inane platitudes ( ord9>y conv]sation4 ,at all ev5ts1 !re is no novelty1 & above all no wit1 9 repeat+ s]i\sly ! pleasantries ( ,/4 ,evrmond1 :i*1 we repeat1 7 ^? ( a man :o really lov$ ! object ( 8 good-natur$ & agreeable raill]y4 ,sid5ote3 ,,addison ,,on ,,! ,,op]a4 ,inde$1 mo/ ( ! m5 :o h writt5 ?+s aga9/ ! ,op]a t are /ill rememb]$ h lik$ ! ,op]a1 & h ev5 be5 ! au?ors ( op]as !mselves4 ,auj\rd'hui ce qui ne vaut pas la pe9e d'tre dit on le *ante1 is said by ! ,fig>o ( ,beaum>*ais--( ,beaum>*ais1 :o gave lessons 9 s++ & on ! h>psi*ord to ,l\is ,,xv4's daught]s1 :o 0 an en?usia/ic admir] ( ,gluck's op]as1 & :o wrote specially = t compos] ! libretto ( ,t>>e1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 n set to music by him1 b by ,sali]i1 ,gluck's fav\rite pupil4 ,beaum>*ais knew well en\gh--& ,t>>e 9 a negative mann] proves x--t n only :at is n wor? ! tr\ble ( say+ _c be sung1 b t v (t5 su* trivialities z c ) propriety be spok5 9 a drama w\ld1 set to music1 produce a ludicr\s effect4 ,witness ! l9es 9 ,/4 ,evrmond's ,les ,opras-- ,monsieur comm5t v\s portez v\s8 ,je me porte votre s]vice-- :i* might =m "p ( a com$y1 b :i* 9 an op]a w\ld be absurd1 & w\ld !re=e n be introduc$ into "o1 except by a fooli% libretti/1 7:o w\ld = a c]ta9ty get hiss$71 or by a wit l ,/4 ,evrmond1 wi%+ to amuse himself by exagg]at+ to a ridicul\s po9t ! late/ fa%ionable mania ( ! day4 ,addison's admirably humor\s articles on ,italian ,op]a 9 ! ,spectator are (t5 spok5 ( by musicians z ill-natur$ & unju/1 & are ascrib$--unju/ly & ev5 meanly1 z x seems to me--to ! au?or's annoyance at ! failure ( 8 ,rosamond1 :i* _h be5 set to music by an incapable p]son nam$ ,clayton4 ,addison c\ld af=d to laugh at ! ill-success ( 8 ,rosamond1 z ,la ,fonta9e laugh$ at t ( ,a/re2 & to ass]t t 8 excell5t pleasantries on ! subject ( ,italian ,op]a1 !n newly e/abli%$ 9 ,london1 _h = _! orig9 ! base motives usually imput$ to him by musicians1 is to give any "o ! "r to say ( !m t ?is "o abuses mod]n ,italian music1 :i* ! public applaud1 because 8 own ,engli% music has nev] be5 tol]at$ or t t "o expresses ! highe/ op9ion ( ,engli% compos]s because he himself composes & is an ,engli%man4 ,to impute su* motives w\ld be to assume1 z is assum$ 9 ! case ( ,addison1 t no "o blames except 9 rev5ge = "s p]sonal loss1 or praises except 9 ! hope ( "s p]sonal ga94 ,& aft] all1 :at has ,addison said aga9/ ! ,op]a1 an ent]ta9m5t :i* he c]ta9ly enjoy$1 or he w\ld n h att5d$ x s (t5 or h devot$ s _m excell5t pap]s to x8 ,let u turn to ! ,spectator & see4 ,sid5ote3 ,,addison ,,on ,,! ,,op]a4 ,italian ,op]a 0 introduc$ into ,engl& at ! beg9n+ ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ! fir/ "w p]=m$ entirely 9 ! ,italian language be+ ,almahide1 ( :i* ! music is attribut$ to ,buononc9i1 & :i* 0 produc$ 9 #agaj1 ) ,val5t9i1 ,nicol9i1 ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e1 ,cassani & ,signora ,isabella1 9 ! pr9cipal p>ts4 ,previ\sly1 = ab\t ?ree ye>s1 x _h be5 ! cu/om = ,italian & ,engli% vocali/s to s+ ea* 9 _! own language4 ,! k+1#i or h]o ( ! play1 says ,addison1 g5]ally spoke 9 ,italian1 & 8 slaves answ]$ him 9 ,engli%2 ! lov] frequ5tly made 8 c\rt1 & ga9$ ! he>t ( 8 pr9cess 9 a language :i* %e did n und]/&4 ,"o w\ld h ?\ght x v difficult to h c>ri$ on dialogues 9 ?is mann] )\t an int]pret] betwe5 ! p]sons t conv]s$ toge!r2 b ?is 0 ! /ate ( ! ,engli% /age = ab\t ?ree ye>s4 ,at l5g?1 ! audi5ce got tir$ ( und]/&+ half ! op]a1 &1 !re=e1 to ease !mselves entirely ( ! fatigue ( ?9k+1 h s ord]$ x at pres5t1 t ! :ole op]a is p]=m$ 9 an unkn[n tongue4 ,we no long] und]/& ! language ( our own /age1 insomu*1 t ,i h (t5 be5 afraid1 :5 ,i h se5 our ,italian p]=m]s *att]+ 9 ! vehem5ce ( action1 t !y h be5 call+ u names & abus+ u among !mselves2 b ,i hope1 s9ce we d put su* entire confid5ce 9 !m1 !y w n talk aga9/ u be=e our faces1 ?\gh !y may d x ) ! same safety z if x 7 beh9d our backs4 ,9 ! meantime1 ,i _c =be> ?9k+ h[ naturally an hi/orian :o writes two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s h5ce1 & does n "k ! ta/e ( 8 wise =efa!rs1 w make ! foll[+ reflection3--,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ! ,italian tongue 0 s well und]/ood 9 ,engl&1 t op]as 7 act$ on ! public /age 9 t language4 ,"o sc>ce kn[s h[ to be s]i\s 9 ! confutation ( an absurdity t %[s itself at ! fir/ sight4 ,x does n want any great measure ( s5se to see ! ridicule ( ?is mon/r\s practice2 b :at makes x ! m a/oni%+1 x is n ! ta/e ( ! rabble1 b ( p]sons ( ! greate/ polit5ess1 :i* has e/abli%$ x4 ,if ! ,italians h a g5ius = music above ! ,engli%1 ! ,engli% h a g5ius = o!r p]=mances ( a mu* high] nature1 & capable ( giv+ ! m9d a mu* nobl] ent]ta9m5t4 ,w\ld "o ?9k x 0 possible 7at a "t :5 an au?or liv$ t 0 able to write ! ,ph$ra & ,hippolitus7 = a p to be s /upidly fond ( ! ,italian op]a z sc>ce to give a ?ird day's he>+ to t admirable trag$y8 ,music is1 c]ta9ly1 a v agreeable ent]ta9m5t2 b if x w\ld take entire possession ( our e>s1 if x w\ld make u incapable ( he>+ s5se1 if x w\ld exclude arts t h mu* great] t5d5cy to ! ref9em5t ( human nature1 ,i mu/ confess ,i w\ld all[ x no bett] qu>t] ?an ,plato has done1 :o bani%es x out ( 8 commonweal?4 ,sid5ote3 ,,addison ,,on ,,! ,,op]a4 ,at pres5t1 our notions ( music are s v unc]ta91 t we d n "k :at x is we l2 only1 9 g5]al1 we are transport$ ) any?+ t is n ,engli%2 s x be ( =eign gr[?1 let x be ,italian1 ,fr5*1 or ,high ,dut*1 x is ! same ?+4 ,9 %ort1 our ,engli% music is q root$ out1 & no?+ yet plant$ 9 its /ead4 ,! ,spectator 0 writt5 f day to day1 & 0 c]ta9ly n int5d$ = our ent]ta9m5t2 yet1 :o c fail to be amus$ at ! description ( ! /age k+ :o spoke 9 ,italian & 8 slaves answ]$ him 9 ,engli%2 & ( ! lov] :o frequ5tly made 8 c\rt & ga9$ ! he>t ( 8 pr9cess 9 a language :i* %e did n und]/&8 ,:at1 too1 9 ?is /yle ( hum\r1 c be bett] ?an ! notion ( ! audi5ce gett+ tir$ ( und]/&+ half ! op]a1 &1 to ease !mselves ( ! tr\ble ( ?9k+1 s ord]+ x t ! :ole op]a is p]=m$ 9 an unkn[n tongue2 or ( ! p]=m]s :o1 = all ! audi5ce knew to ! contr>y1 might be call+ !m names & abus+ !m among !mselves2 or ( ! probable reflection ( ! future hi/orian1 t 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! #ah? c5tury ! ,italian tongue 0 s well und]/ood 9 ,engl& t op]as 7 act$ on ! public /age 9 t language8 ,on ! o!r h&1 we h n1 x is true1 he>d yet ( any hi/orian publi%+ ! rem>k sugge/$ by ,addison2 probably1 because ^? hi/orians :o g to ! op]a--& :o does n8--are q aw>e t to und]/& an ,italian op]a1 x is n at all necess>y to h a k ( ! ,italian language4 ,! ,italian s+]s might abuse u at _! ease1 especially 9 conc]t$ pieces1 & 9 gr& f9ales2 b !y might 9 ! same way1 & equally1 )\t fe> ( detection1 abuse _! own c\ntrym54 ,our ,engli% vocali/s1 too1 might indulge 9 ! same gratification 9 ,engl&1 & h ,i n m5tion$ t at ! ,gr& ,op]a ( ,p>is-- ',la s\pe aux *\x se fait dans la m>mite4' has be5 sung 9 place ( ,scribe's words 9 ! op5+ *orus ( ,rob]t le ,diable2 & if ,la s\pe1 c41 :y n any?+ else8 ,b x is a great mi/ake to inquire too closely into ! f\ndation on :i* a joke /&s1 :5 ! joke itself is good2 & ,i am almo/ a%am$1 z x is1 ( hav+ said s mu* on ! subject ( ,addison's pleasantries1 :5 ! pleasantries spoke s well = !mselves4 ,"o might almo/ z well write an essay to prove s]i\sly t language 0 n giv5 to man to conceal 8 ?\ghts4 ,sid5ote3 ,,music ,,z ,,an ,,art4 ,! only portion ( ! pap] f :i* ,i h extract$ ! above obs]vations t c be treat$ 9 p]fect s]i\sness1 is t :i* beg9s--,if ! ,italians h a g5ius = music1 c41 & ends--,i w\ld all[ x no bett] qu>t] ?an ,plato has done1 c4 ,n[ ! rec5t political condition ( ,italy suffici5tly proves t music c\ld n save a c\ntry f national degradation2 b nei!r c\ld pa9t+ nor an admirable poetic lit]ature4 ,x is also bett]1 no d\bt1 t a man %\ld le>n 8 duty to ,god & to 8 neighb\r1 ?an t he %\ld cultivate a ta/e = h>mony1 b :y n d bo?2 & above all1 :y comp>e l ) unlike8 ,! p]=mances ( a mu* high] nature ?an music und5iably exi/1 b !y d n answ] ! same end4 ,! m g5]al sci5ce on :i* t ( a/ronomy re/s may be a nobl] /udy ?an music1 b !re is no?+ consol+ or p] se elevat+ 9 ma!matics4 ,poetry1 aga91 w\ld by mo/ p]sons be class$ high] ?an music1 ?\gh ! effect ( half poetry1 & ( imag9ative lit]ature g5]ally1 is to place ! read] 9 a /ate ( rev]ie su* z music induces m imm$iately & m p]fectly4 ,! enjoym5t ( art--by :i* we d n mean its production1 or its critical exam9ation1 b ! pure enjoym5t ( ! arti/ic result--has no?+ /rictly intellectual 9 x2 no man c\ld gr[ wise by look+ at ,raphael or li/5+ to ,moz>t4 ,nor does he d]ive any important intellectual ideas f _m ( our mo/ beautiful poems1 b simply emotion1 ( an elevat$ k9d1 su* z is giv5 by f9e music4 ,music is evid5tly n didactic1 & pa9t+ c only tea*1 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( ! ^w1 :at e "o already kn[s2 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 a pa9t] may depict c]ta9 aspects ( nature & ( ! human face1 previ\sly unobs]v$ & unimag9$1 j z ! compos]1 9 giv+ a musical expression to c]ta9 s5tim5ts & passions1 c r\se 9 u emotions previ\sly dormant1 or nev] exp]i5c$ be=e ) s mu* int5sity4 ,b ! f9e arts _c communicate ab/ract tru?s--f :i* x *iefly foll[s t no "r-m9d$ arti/ ev] uses !m ) su* an aim2 ?\gh !re is no say+ :at "s wild en?usia/s w n endeav\r to express1 & o!r en?usia/s equally wild pret5d to see1 9 symphonies & 9 big symbolical pictures4 ,if ,addison meant to ins9uate t ,phdra & ,hippolytus 0 a mu* high] p]=mance ?an any possible op]a1 he 0 decid$ly 9 error4 ,b he _h n he>d ,don ,juan1 ,william ,tell1 & ,d] ,freis*tz2 to :i* no "o 9 ! pres5t day1 unless musically deaf1 c\ld pref] an ,engli% translation ( ,phdre4 ,x w\ld be unfair to lay too mu* /ress on ! fact t ! music ( ,h&el /ill lives1 & ) no decl9+ life1 :]eas ! trag$ies ( ,rac9e1 resuscitat$ by ,mademoiselle ,ra*el1 h n be5 he>d ( s9ce ! dea? ( t admirable actress2 ,addison 0 only acqua9t$ ) ! e>lie/ ( ,h&el's op]as1 & ^! are =gott51 z inde$ are mo/ ( 8 o!rs1 ) ! exception1 "h & !re1 ( a few deta*$ airs4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,& ,,drama4 ,9 ! s5t5ce comm5c+ ,music is c]ta9ly a v agreeable ent]ta9m5t1 b1 c41 ,addison says :at e "o1 :o w\ld c>e to see "o ( ,%akespe>e's plays prop]ly act$ 7n mu* c>$ =1 h[ev]1 9 ,addison's "t71 mu/ feel n[4 ,let u h p]fect repres5tations ( ,op]a by all means2 b x is a sad & a disgraceful ?+1 t 9 8 own native c\ntry ! works ( ! greate/ dramati/ :o ev] liv$ %\ld be utt]ly neglect$ z f> z _! /age repres5tation is conc]n$4 ,x is absurd to pret5d t ! ,op]a is ! sole cause ( ?is4 ,op]as1 magnific5tly put ^u ! /age1 are play$ 9 ,engl&1 at lea/ at "o !atre1 ) rem>kable complet5ess ( excell5ce1 &1 at m ?an "o1 ) admirable s+]s 9 ! pr9cipal & ev5 9 ! m9or p>ts4 ,%akespe>e's dramas1 :5 !y are play$ at all1 are ?r[n on to ! /age anyh[4 ,?is w\ld n matt] s mu*1 b our play]s1 ev5 9 ,hamlet1 :]e !y are especially caution$ aga9/ x1 h nei!r ! s5se nor ! good ta/e to avoid exagg]ation & rant1 to :i*1 !y ma9ta91 ! public are n[ s accu/om$1 t a trag$ian act+ naturally w\ld make no impression4 ,_! conv5tionality1 moreov]1 makes !m keep to c]ta9 /age traditions1 :i* are frequ5tly absurd1 :ile _! vanity is s egregi\s t "o :o imag9es himself a fir/-rate actor 79 a day :5 !re are no fir/-rate actors7 w n take :at he is pleas$ to consid] a second-rate "p4 ,our /age has no trag$ian :o c\ld embody ! jeal\sy ( ,otello1 z ,ronconi embodies t ( ,*evreuse 9 ,m>ia di ,rohan1 nor c\ld half a doz5 actors ( equal reputation be p]suad$ 9 any piece to appe> 9 half a doz5 p>ts ( v>i\s degrees ( prom95ce1 ?\gh ?is is :at con/antly takes place at ! ,op]a4 ,9 ,addison's "t1 ,nicol9i 0 a f> great] actor ?an any :o 0 9 ! habit ( appe>+ on ! ,engli% /age2 inde$1 ?is alone c acc\nt = ! success ( ! ridicul\s op]a ( ,hydaspes1 9 :i* ,nicol9i play$ ! pr9cipal "p1 & ( :i* ,i %all give "s acc\nt 9 ! prop] place4 ,d\btless also1 x _h mu* to d ) ! success ( ,italian ,op]a g5]ally1 :i*1 :5 ,addison comm5c$ writ+ ab\t x 9 ! ,spectator1 0 support$ by no great compos]1 & 0 con/ruct$ on su* frameworks z "o w\ld imag9e c\ld only h be5 imag9$ by a lunatic or by a pantomime writ] /ruck s]i\s4 ,if ,addison _h n be5 fond ( music1 & moreov] a v j critic1 he w\ld h dismiss$ ! ,italian ,op]a1 su* z x exi/$ dur+ ! fir/ days ( ! ,spectator1 z a hopeless mass ( absurdity4 ,sid5ote3 ,,/age ,,decoration4 ,e "o mu/ 9 p>ticul> admit ! ju/ness ( ,addison's views respect+ ! incongruity ( op]atic sc5]y2 inde$1 8 obs]vations on t subject might ) advantage be republi%$ n[ & !n 9 ! pres5t day4 ,:at a field ( raill]y1 he says1 w\ld !y ! wits ( ,k+ ,*>les's "t h be5 let into _h !y be5 ent]ta9$ ) pa9t$ dragons spitt+ wildfire1 en*ant$ *>iots drawn by ,fl&]s m>es1 & real cascades 9 artificial l&scapes6 ,a little skill 9 criticism w\ld in=m u1 t %ad[s & realities ought n to be mix$ toge!r 9 ! same piece2 & t ! sc5es :i* are design$ z ! repres5tations ( nature %\ld be fill$ ) resemblances1 & n ) ! ?+s !mselves4 ,if "o w\ld repres5t a wide *ampaign c\ntry1 fill$ ) h]ds & flocks1 x w\ld be ridicul\s to draw ! c\ntry only ^u ! sc5es1 & to cr[d sev]al p>ts ( ! /age ) %eep & ox54 ,?is is jo9+ toge!r inconsi/5cies1 & mak+ ! decoration p>tly real & p>tly imag9>y4 ,i w\ld recomm5d :at ,i h "h said to ! directors z well z ! admir]s1 ( our mod]n op]a4 ,9 ! matt] ( /age decoration we h le>n$ no?+ & =gott5 no?+ s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! #ah? c5tury4 ,s]v&oni1 at ! !atre ( ! ,tuil]ies1 :i* conta9$ "s sev5 ?\s& p]sons1 introduc$ z elaborate & successful me*anical devices z any t h be5 kn[n s9ce 8 "t2 b !n z n[ ! real & artificial 7 mix$ toge!r1 by :i* ! g5]al picture is necess>ily r5d]$ absurd1 or r no g5]al picture is produc$4 ,indep5d5tly ( ! fact t ! reality ( ! natural objects makes ! artificiality ( ! manufactur$ ones unnecess>ily evid5t z :5 ! bran*es ( real trees are agitat$ by a gu/ ( w9d1 :ile ^? ( pa/ebo>d trees rema9 fix$--x is difficult 9 mak+ use ( natural objects on ! /age to obs]ve ) any accuracy ! laws ( proportion & p]spective1 s t to ! eye ! realities ( :i* ! manag] is s pr\d1 are1 aft] all1 /rik+ly unreal4 ,! peculi> conditions too1 "u :i* !atrical sc5]y is view$1 %\ld always be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,?us1 real wat]1 :i* us$ at "o "t to be ann\nc$ z su* a great attraction at "s ( our m9or playh\ses1 does n look l wat] on ! /age1 b has a dull1 black1 inky1 appe>ance1 q suffici5t to r5d] x improbable t any despond5t h]o9e1 :atev] h] mis=tune1 w\ld cons5t to dr[n h]self 9 x4 ,! mo/ contemptu\s ?+ ev] writt5 aga9/ ! ,op]a1 or r aga9/ music 9 g5]al1 is ,swift's celebrat$ epigram on ! ,h&el & ,buononc9i disputes3-- ,"s say t ,signor ,buononc9i ,comp>$ to ,h&el is a n9ny2 ,:ile o!rs say t to him1 ,h&el ,is h>dly fit to hold a c&le4 ,/range t su* diff]5ce %\ld be1 ',twixt ,twe$l$um & ,twe$l$ee4 ,capital1 tell+ l9es1 no d\bt1 ?\gh is x n equally /range t !re %\ld be su* a diff]5ce betwe5 "o piece ( pa9t$ canvas & ano!r1 or betwe5 a /atue by ,mi*ael ,angelo & ! figure ( a ,scot*man outside a tobacconi/'s %op8 ,^! diff]5ces exi/1 & x proves no?+ aga9/ art t savages & c]ta9 exceptional natures among civiliz$ m5 are unable to p]ceive !m4 ,we wond] h[ ! ,dean ( ,/4 ,patrick's w\ld h got on ) ! ,abb ,arnauld1 :o 0 s impress$ ) ! sublimity ( "o ( ! pieces 9 ,gluck's ,iphignie1 t he exclaim$1 ,) t air "o might f\nd a new religion6 ,sid5ote3 ,,b]ang] ,,on ,,! ,,decl9e ,,( ,,! ,,drama4 ,"o ( ! wittie/ poems writt5 aga9/ our mod]n love ( music 7cultivat$1 x mu/ be admitt$1 to a pa9ful ext5t by _m incapable amateurs7 is ! lam5t by ,brang]1 9 :i* ! poet1 aft] compla9+ t ! convivial song is despis$ z n suffici5tly arti/ic1 & t 9 ! pres5ce ( ! op]a ! drama itself is fa/ disappe>+1 exclaims3 ,si n\s t'ent]rons ,bel art dramatique1 ,p\r toi n\s dirons ,la messe en musique4 ,)\t fall+ into ! same error z ^? :o h accus$ ,addison ( a selfi% & int]e/$ animosity t[>ds ! ,op]a1 ,i may rem>k t song-writ]s h (t5 v little sympa?y = any k9d ( music except t :i* c be easily subject$ to words1 z 9 n>rative ballads1 & to a c]ta9 ext5t ballads ( all k9ds4 ,:5 a man says ,i don't c>e mu* = music1 b ,i l a good song1 we may g5]ally inf] t he does n c>e = music at all4 ,s play-wrights h a lik+ = music :5 x c be introduc$ z an ornam5t into _! pieces1 b n :5 x is made ! mo/ important elem5t 9 ! drama--inde$1 ! drama itself4 ,fav>t1 ! au?or ( num]\s op]a-books1 has left a good satirical description 9 v]se ( ,fr5* op]a4 ,x ends z foll[s3-- ,quiconque v\dra ,faire un opra1 ,emprunte ,pluton1 ,son peuple dmon2 ,qu'il tire des cieux ,un c\ple de dieux1 ,qu'il y joigne un hros ,t5dre jusqu' aux os4 ,l>dez votre sujet1 ,d'un t]nel ballet4 ,am5ez au milieu d'une fte ,la tempte1 ,une bte1 ,que quelqu'un tra ,ds qu'il la v]ra4 ,quiconque v\dra faire un opra ,fuira de la raison ,le tri/e poison4 ,il f]a *ant] ,conc]t] et saut] ,et puis le re/e ira1 ,t\t comme il p\rra4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pan>d ,,on ,,! ,,op]a4 ,?is1 f a man ^: op]as did n fail1 b on ! contr>y1 7 highly successful1 is r too bad4 ,b ! au?or ( ! ill-fat$ ,rosamond himself visit$ ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 & has left an acc\nt ( x1 :i* corresponds closely en\gh to ,fav>t's poetical description4 ,i h se5 a c\ple ( riv]s1 he says1 7,no4 #bi ( ! ,spectator7 appe> 9 r$ /ock+s1 & ,alpheus1 in/ead ( hav+ 8 head cov]$ ) s$ge & bulru%es1 mak+ love 9 a fair1 full-bottom$1 p]iwig1 & a plume ( fea!rs1 b ) a voice s full ( %akes & quav]s t ,i %\ld h ?\ght ! murmurs ( a c\ntry brook ! mu* m agreeable music4 ,i rememb] ! la/ op]a ,i saw 9 t m]ry nation 0 ! ,rape ( ,pros]p9e1 :]e ,pluto1 to make ! m tempt+ figure1 puts himself 9 a ,fr5* equipage1 & br+s ,ascalaphus along ) him z 8 valet de *ambre4 ,?is is :at we call folly & imp]t95ce1 b :at ! ,fr5* look ^u z gay & polite4 ,addison's acc\nt agrees ) ,fav>t's song & also ) "o by ,pan>d1 :i* conta9s ?is /anza3-- ,j'ai vu le soleil et la lune ,qui faissi5t des disc\rs en l'air ,j'ai vu le t]rible ,neptune ,sortir t\t fris de la m]4 ,pan>d's song1 :i* occurs at ! end ( a vaudeville produc$ 9 #agcc1 entitl$ ,le d"p de l',opra1 ref]s to sc5es beh9d z well z be=e ! curta94 ,x c\ld n be translat$ ) any effect1 b ,i may (f] ! read] ! foll[+ mod]niz$ imitation ( x1 & s conclude ! pres5t *apt]4 ,,:at ,,may ,,be ,,se5 ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,i've se5 ,semiramis1 ! que52 ,i've se5 ! ,my/]ies ( ,isis2 ,a lady full ( heal? ,i've se5 ,die 9 h] dress+-g[n1 ( ph?isis4 ,i've se5 a wret*$ lov] sigh1 ,fra poco he a corpse w\ld be1 ,transfix himself1 & !n--n die1 ,b coolly s+ an air 9 ,d4 ,i've se5 a fa!r lose 8 *ild1 ,nor seek ! robb]s' flight to /ay2 ,b1 9 a voice extremely mild1 ,kneel d[n ^u ! /age & pray4 ,i've se5 ,otello /ab 8 wife2 ,! ,c\nt di ,luna fight 8 bro!r2 ,lucrezia take h] own son's life2 ,& ,john ( ,leyd5 cut 8 "m4 ,i've se5 a *ur*y>d yield its dead1 ,& lifeless nuns 9 life rejoice2 ,i've se5 a /atue b[ its head1 ,& li/5$ to its trombone voice4 ,i've se5 a h]ald s\nd al>ms1 ,)\t ev9c+ any fright3 ,h se5 an army cry ,to arms ,= half an h\r1 & nev] fight4 ,i've se5 a naiad dr9k+ be]2 ,i've se5 a goddess f9$ a cr[n2 ,& pirate b&s1 :o knew no fe>1 ,by ! /age manag] put d[n2 ,se5 angels 9 an awful rage1 ,& slaves receive m c\rt ?an que5s1 ,& huntresses ^u ! /age ,!mselves pursu$ beh9d ! sc5es4 ,i've se5 a maid despond 9 ,a1 ,fly ! p]fidi\s "o 9 ,b1 ,come back to see h] w$d+ day1 ,& p]i% 9 a m9or key4 ,i've se5 ! realm ( bliss et]nal1 7,! songs accompani$ by h>ps72 ,i've se5 ! l& ( pa9s inf]nal1 ,) demons %\t+ 9 six %>ps6 ,sid5ote3 ,,pan>d ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,introduction ,,& ,,progress ,,( ,,! ,,ballet4 ,! ,ballets ( ,v]sailles4--,l\is ,,xiv4 a/oni%$ at 8 own importance4--,l\is retires f ! /age2 congratulations address$ to him on ! subject2 he re-appe>s4--,privileges ( ,op]a danc]s & s+]s4--,mann]s & cu/oms ( ! ,p>isian public4--,! ,op]a "u ! reg5cy4--,f\r ways ( pres5t+ a petition4--,law & ! f9ancial s*eme4--,*>on & pap] money4--,! ,duke ( ,orleans z a compos]4--,an or*e/ra 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice4--,h&el 9 ,p>is4--,madame ,sall2 h] re=m 9 ! ,ballet1 & h] fir/ appe>ance 9 ,london4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,corps ,,( ,,nobles4 ,aft] ! ,op]a comes ! ,ballet4 ,inde$1 ! two are s intimately mix$ toge!r t x w\ld be impossible 9 giv+ ! hi/ory ( ! "o to omit all m5tion ( ! o!r4 ,! ,ballet1 z ! "n suffici5tly d5otes1 comes to u f ! ,fr5*1 & 9 ! s5se ( an ent]ta9m5t exclusively 9 danc+1 dates f ! f\ndation ( ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 or soon aft]w>ds4 ,dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! #ag? c5tury1 & ev5 e>li]1 ballets 7 p]=m$ at ! ,fr5* c\rt1 "u ! direction ( an ,italian1 :o1 ab&on+ 8 real "n ( ,baltas>9i1 _h adopt$ t ( ,beaujoyeux4 ,he x 0 :o 9 #aeha produc$ ! ,ballet ,comique de la ,royne1 to celebrate ! m>riage ( ! ,duc de ,joyeuse4 ,?is piece1 :i* 0 magnific5tly appo9t$1 & ( :i* ! repres5tation is said to h co/ #c1fjj1jjj francs1 0 an ent]ta9m5t consi/+ ( songs1 dances1 & spok5 dialogue1 & appe>s to h be5 ! model ( ! masques :i* 7 aft]w>ds until ! middle ( ! #ag? c5tury repres5t$ 9 ,engl&1 & ( mo/ ( ! ballets p]=m$ 9 ,france until ab\t ! same p]iod4 ,!re 7 danc]s engag$ at ! ,fr5* ,op]a f its v comm5cem5t1 b x 0 difficult to obta9 !m 9 any numb]s1 &1 wor/ ( all1 !re 7 no female danc]s to be f\nd4 ,! company ( vocali/s c\ld easily be recruit$ f ! num]\s ca!dral *oirs2 = ! ,ballet !re 7 only ! danc+-ma/]s ( ! capital to select f1 ! pr(ession ( danc+-mi/ress n hav+ yet be5 inv5t$4 ,nymphs1 dryads1 & %eph]desses 7 = "s "t repres5t$ by "y boys1 :o1 l ! fauns1 satyrs1 & all ! re/ ( ! danc+ troop wore masks4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 9 #afha1 ,t]psi*ore 0 wor?ily repres5t$ by danc]s ( h] own sex1 & an ari/ocratic corps de ballet 0 =m$1 ) ,madame la ,dauph9e1 ! ,pr9cess de ,conti1 & ,mdlle4 de ,nantes z pr9cipal danc]s1 support$ by ! ,dauph91 ! ,pr9ce de ,conti & ! ,duke de ,v]m&ois4 ,!y appe>$ 9 ! ,triomphe de l',am\r1 & ! a/\nd+ exhibition 0 fully appreciat$4 ,previ\sly1 ! ladies ( ! c\rt1 :5 !y appe>$ 9 ballets1 _h conf9$ !mselves to recit+ v]ses1 :i* sometimes1 moreov]1 7 said = !m by an orator engag$ = ! purpose4 ,to see a c\rt lady danc+ on ! /age 0 q a novelty2 h5ce1 no d\bt1 ! success ( t spectacle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,quadrilles ,,& ,,c\ntry ,,dances4 ,! fir/ celebrat$ ball]9a at ! ,fr5* ,op]a 0 ,mademoiselle ,la ,fonta9e1 /yl$ la re9e de la danse--a title ( :i* ! value 0 some:at dim9i%$ by ! fact t !re 7 only ?ree o!r pr(essional danseuses 9 ,p>is4 ,lulli1 h[ev]1 paid great att5tion to ! ballet1 & "u 8 direction x soon ga9$ importance4 ,to ,lulli1 :o occasionally (ficiat$ z ballet-ma/]1 is due ! introduction ( rapid /yle ( danc+1 :i* mu/ h contra/$ /rongly ) ! /ately solemn /eps t 7 alone 9 fav\r at ! ,c\rt dur+ ! e>ly days ( ,l\is ,,xiv's reign4 ,! m9uet-lov+ ,l\is _h notori\sly an av]sion = gay brilliant music4 ,?us he fail$ altoge!r to appreciate ! tal5t ( little ,bapti/e n ,lulli1 b ,anet1 a pupil ( ,corelli1 :o is said to h play$ ! sonatas ( 8 ma/] v gracefully1 & ) an agility :i* at t "t 0 consid]$ prodigi\s4 ,! ,great ,mon>* pref]r$ ! heavy monoton\s /ra9s ( 8 own ,bapti/e1 ! director ( ! ,op]a4 ,x may "h be n out ( place to m5tion t ,lulli's introduction ( a lively mode ( danc+ into ,france 7x 0 only 9 8 purely op]atic music t he 0 s lugubri\sly s]i\s7 took place simultane\sly ) ! importation f ,engl& ( ! c\ntry-dance--& corrupt$ into contre-danse1 :i* is n[ ! ,fr5* = quadrille4 ,moreov]1 :5 ! ,fr5* took our c\ntry-dance1 a "n :i* "s etymologi/s w\ld curi\sly en\gh d]ive f its mean+less corruption--we adopt$ _! m9uet :i* 0 fir/ execut$ 9 ,engl& by ! ,m>quis de ,flam>5s1 at ! ,c\rt ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,! passion ( our ,engli% noblem5 = c\ntry-dances is record$ z foll[s 9 ! memoirs ( ! ,c\nt de ,grammont3--,russel 0 "o ( ! mo/ vigor\s danc]s 9 ,engl&1 ,i mean = c\ntry-dances 7contre-danses74 ,he _h a collection ( two or ?ree hundr$ arrang$ 9 tables1 :i* he danc$ f ! book2 & to prove t he 0 n old1 he sometimes danc$ till he 0 exhau/$4 ,8 danc+ 0 a good deal l 8 clo!s2 x _h be5 out ( fa%ion tw5ty ye>s4 ,e "o kn[s t ,l\is ,,xiv4 0 a great actor2 & ev5 8 "m1 ,anne ( ,au/ria1 appe>$ on ! /age at ! ,c\rt ( ,madrid to ! a/oni%m5t & indignation ( ! ,spani>ds1 :o said t %e 0 lo/ = !m1 & t x 0 n z ,infanta ( ,spa91 b z ,que5 ( ,france1 t %e _h p]=m$4 ,on ! occasion ( ,l\is ,,xiv4's m>riage ) ,m>ie ,!rse1 ! celebrat$ expression ,il n'y plus de ,pyr5es 0 illu/rat$ by a ballet1 9 :i* a ,fr5* nymph & a ,spani% nymph sang a duet :ile half ! danc]s 7 dress$ 9 ! ,fr5* & half 9 ! ,spani% co/ume4 ,l o!r illu/ri\s />s1 ,l\is ,,xiv4 took 8 f>ewell ( ! /age m ?an once be=e he f9ally left x4 ,8 ,hi/rionic ,maje/y 0 9 ! habit bo? ( s++ & danc+ 9 ! c\rt ballets1 & took great pleasure 9 recit+ su* graceful complim5ts to himself z ! foll[+3-- ,plus brilliant et mieux fait que t\s les dieux ensemble ,la t]re ni le ciel n'ont ri5 qui me ressemble4 7,?tis et ,ple4--,b5s]ade4 #afed71 ,il n'e/ ri5 de si gr& dans t\te la nature ,selon l'me et le cur au po9t o je me vois2 ,de la t]re et de moi qui pr5dra la mesure ,tr\v]a que la t]re e/ mo9s gr&e que moi4 7,l',impati5ce4--,b5s]ade4 #affa74 ,on ! #ae? ,febru>y1 #affi1 ,l\is ,,xiv4 su/a9$ 8 fav\rite "* ( ! ,sun1 9 ,flora1 ! eighte5? ballet 9 :i* he _h play$ a "p--& ! next day solemnly ann\nc$ t 8 danc+ days 7 ov]1 & t he w\ld exhibit himself no m4 ,! k+ _h n only giv5 8 royal ^w1 b = n9e mon?s _h kept x1 :5 ,rac9e produc$ 8 ,britannicus1 9 :i* ! foll[+ l9es are spok5 by ,n>cisse 9 ref]5ce to ,n]o's p]=mances 9 ! amphi!atre4 ,p\r t\te ambition p\r v]tu s+ulire ,il excelle conduire un *> dans la c>rire2 ,a disput] des prix indignes des ses ma9s1 ,a se donn] lui-mme en spectacle aux ,roma9s1 ,a v5ir prodigu] sa voix sur un ?tre ,a rcit] des *ants qu'il veut qu'on idoltre2 ,t&is que des soldats1 de mom5ts en mom5ts1 ,vont arra*] p\r lui des applaudissem5ts4 ,sid5ote3 ,,l\is ,,returns ,,to ,,! ,,/age4 ,! above l9es h (t5 be5 quot$ z an example ( virtu\s audacity on ! "p ( ,rac9e1 :o1 h[ev]1 did n write !m until ! mon>* :o at "o "t did n hesitate to se donn] lui mme en spectacle1 c41 _h confess$ 8 fault & v[$ nev] to repeat x2 s t in/ead ( a l(ty rebuke1 ! v]ses 7 9 fact an indirect complim5t neatly & skilfully convey$4 ,s f> f pr(it+ by ,rac9e's condemnation ( ,n]o's frivolity & %amelessness1 & retir+ consci5ce-/rick5 f ! /age 7( :i* he _h already tak5 a !atrical f>ewell7 ,l\is ,,xiv4 reappe>$ ! ye> aft]w>ds1 9 ,les amants magnifiques1 a ,comdie-ballet1 compos$ by ,molire & himself1 9 :i* ! k+ figur$ & 0 applaud$ z au?or1 ballet-ma/]1 danc]1 mime1 s+]1 & p]=m] on ! flute & guit>4 ,he _h tak5 lessons on ! latt] in/rum5t f ! celebrat$ ,francisco ,corbetta1 :o aft]w>ds made a great s5sation 9 ,engl& at ! ,c\rt ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,if ,l\is ,,xiv4 did n scruple to assume ! "p ( an actor himself1 nei!r did he ?9k x unbecom+ t 8 nobles %\ld d ! same1 ev5 9 pres5ce ( ! g5]al public & on ! /age ( ! ,gr& ,op]a4 ,we wi%1 & x pleases u1 he says 9 ! lett]s pat5t grant$ to ! ,abb ,p]r91 ! fir/ director ( ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique 7#affi7 t all g5tlem5 7g5til%ommes7 & ladies may s+ 9 ! said pieces & repres5tations ( our ,royal ,academy )\t be+ consid]$ = t reason to d]ogate f _! titles ( nobility1 or f _! privileges1 rights & immunities4 ,among ! nobles :o pr(it$ by ?is p]mission & appe>$ ei!r z s+]s1 or z danc]s at ! ,op]a1 7 ! ,seigneur du ,porceau1 & ,messieurs de ,*asr & ,borel de ,miracle2 & ,mesdemoiselles de ,ca/illy1 de ,sa9t ,*ri/ophe1 & de ,cam>go4 ,ano!r privilege accord$ to ! ,op]a 0 ( su* an infam\s nature t 7 x n = positive pro( we c\ld sc>cely believe x to h exi/$4 ,x _h full control1 !n1 ov] all p]sons ^: names 7 once inscrib$ on its books2 & if a "y girl w5t ( h] own accord1 or 0 p]suad$ into pres5t+ h]self at ! ,op]a1 or 0 l$ away f h] p>5ts & h] "n ent]$ on ! li/s by h] s$uc]--!n 9 nei!r case _h h] family any fur!r p[] ov] h]4 ,lettres de ca*et ev5 7 issu$1 comm&+ ! p]sons nam$ !re9 to jo9 ! ,op]a2 & ?us ! ,c\nt de ,melun got possession ( bo? ! ,cam>gos4 ,! ,duke de ,fronsac 0 enabl$ to p]petrate a simil> act ( villany4 ,he x is :o is allud$ to 9 ! foll[+ l9es by ,gilb]t3-- ,qu'on la sduise6 ,il dit3 ses eunuques discrets1 ,philosophes abbs1 philosophes valets1 ,intrigu5t1 sm5t l'or1 tromp5t les yeux d'un pre1 ,elle cde1 on l'enlve2 en va9 gmit sa mre4 ,e*ue l',opra p> un rapt sol5nel1 ,sa honte la drobe au p\voir pat]nel4 ,sid5ote3 ,,inv5tion ,,( ,,! ,,ballet4 ,z = m5 !y 7 s5t to ! ,op]a z !y 7 s5t to ! ,ba/ille4 ,sev]al amateurs1 abbs & o!rs1 ! beauty ( ^: voices _h be5 rem>k$1 7 arre/$ by virtue ( lettres de ca*et1 & =c$ to appe> at ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 :i* _h its conscription l ! army & navy4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we h se5 t ! pupils & associates ( ! ,acadmie enjoy$ c]ta9 privileges1 su* z fre$om f p>5tal re/ra9t & ! "r ( be+ immoral2 to :i* 0 aft]w>ds add$ t ( sett+ cr$itors at defiance4 ,! p5sions ( s+]s1 danc]s1 & musicians belong+ to ! ,op]a 7 exempt$ f all liability to seizure = debt4 ,! dramatic ballet1 or ballet d'action1 0 inv5t$ by ! ,du*ess du ,ma9e4 ,we soon aft]w>ds import$ x into ,engl& z1 9 ,op]a1 we import$ ! *orus1 :i* 0 also a ,fr5* inv5tion1 & "o = :i* ! musical drama c sc>cely be too grateful4 ,! dramatic ballet1 h[ev]1 has nev] be5 naturaliz$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x /ill crosses ov] to u occasionally1 & :5 we are tir$ ( x goes back aga9 to its native l&2 b ev5 z an exotic1 x has nev] fairly tak5 root 9 ,engli% soil4 ,! ,du*ess du ,ma9e 0 celebrat$ = h] ,nuits de ,sceaux1 or ,nuits ,blan*es1 z !y 7 call$1 :i* ! nobles ( ,l\is ,,xiv4's ,c\rt f\nd z delightful z !y f\nd ,v]sailles dull4 ,! ,du*ess us$ to get up lott]ies among h] mo/ fav\r$ gue/s1 9 :i* ! prizes 7 s _m p]missions to give a magnific5t ent]ta9m5t4 ,! lett]s ( ! alphabet 7 plac$ 9 a box1 & ! "o :o drew ,o _h to get up an op]a2 ,c /ood = a com$y2 ,b = a ballet2 & s on4 ,! ho/ess ( ,sceaux _h n only a passion = !atrical p]=mances1 b also a great love ( lit]ature1 & ! idea occurr$ to h] ( realis+ on ! /age ( h] own !atre some?+ l "o ( ^? pantomimes ( antiquity ( :i* %e _h read ! descriptions ) s mu* pleasure4 ,accord+ly1 %e took ! f\r? act ( ,les ,horaces1 _h x set to music by ,m\ret1 j z if x 7 to be sung1 & caus$ ?is music to be execut$ by ! or*e/ra alone1 :ile ,balon & ,mademoiselle ,prvo/1 :o 7 celebrat$ z danc]s1 b _h nev] attempt$ pantomime be=e1 play$ 9 dumb %[ ! "p ( ! la/ ,horatius1 & ( ,camilla1 ! si/] ( ! ,curiatii4 ,! actor & actress ent]$ completely into ! _s ( ! new drama1 & p]=m$ ) su* tru?fulness & w>m? ( emotion z to affect ! spectators to te>s4 ,m\ret1 ! musical director ( ,les ,nuits ,blan*es1 compos$ sev]al op]as & ballets = ! ,acadmie2 b :5 ! e/abli%m5t at ,sceaux 0 brok5 up1 aft] ! discov]y ( ! ,spani% conspiracy1 9 :i* ! ,du*ess du ,ma9e 0 implicat$1 he consid]$ himself ru9$1 w5t mad & di$ at ,*>5ton 9 ! lunatic asylum4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,free ,,li/4 ,long live ! ,reg5t1 :o w\ld r g to ! ,op]a ?an to ! ,mass1 0 ! cry :5 on ! dea? ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 ! re9s ( gov]nm5t 7 assum$ by ! ,duke ( ,orleans4 ,at ?is "t ! :ole exp5ses ( ! ,op]a1 includ+ *orus1 ballet1 musicians1 sc5e pa9t]s1 decorators1 c4--f ! prima donna to ! bill-/ick]--am\nt$ only to #fg1jjj francs a ye>1 be+ consid]ably less ?an half :at is giv5 n[ to a fir/-rate soprano alone4 ,! fir/ act ( ! ,reg5t 9 connexion ) ! ,op]a 0 to take its direction out ( ! h&s ( musicians1 & appo9t ! ,duc d',ant9 manag]4 ,! new impres>io1 wi%+ to rew>d ,?van>d1 :o 0 at t "t ! be/ s+] 9 ,france1 (f]$ him ! sum ( #fjj francs4 ,?van>d indignantly refus$ x1 say+ t x 0 a suitable pres5t1 at mo/1 = 8 valet1 ^u :i* d',ant9 propos$ to imprison ! s+] = 8 insol5ce1 b ab/a9$ f do+ s1 = fe> ( irritat+ ! public ) :om ,?van>d 0 a prodigi\s fav\rite4 ,he1 h[ev]1 resign$ ! direction ( ! ,op]a1 say+ t he wi%$ to h no?+ m to d ) su* canaille4 ,! next op]atic edict ( ! ,reg5t _h ref]5ce to ! admission ( au?ors1 :o hi!rto _h enjoy$ ! privilege ( free entry to ! pit4 ,9 #agah ! ,reg5t rais$ !m to ! amphi!atre--n z a m>k ( respect1 b 9 ord] t !y might be ! m readily detect$ & expell$ 9 case ( _! =m+ cabals to hiss ! productions ( _! rivals1 :i*1 /&+ up 9 ! pit 9 ! mid/ ( a d5se cr[d1 !y _h be5 able to d ) impunity4 ,ev5 to ! pres5t day1 :5 au?ors ex*ange applause mu* m freely ?an hisses1 ! regulations ( ! ,fr5* !atre d n admit !m to ! pit1 ?\gh !y h free access to e o!r "p ( ! h\se4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ! ,op]a 0 ! sc5e ( frequ5t di/urbances4 ,! ,c\nt de ,talleyr&1 ,,mm4 de ,montmor5cy1 ,g9e/e1 & o!rs1 endeav\r+ to =ce _! way into ! !atre dur+ a rehe>sal1 7 repuls$ by ! gu>d1 & ,g9e/e kill$4 ,! ,abbs ,h\rli] & ,b>5t9 insult$ ,m4 ,fieubet2 !y 7 ab\t to come to bl[s :5 ! gu>d sep>at$ !m & c>ri$ (f ! ob/rep]\s ecclesia/ics to ,= l',evque1 :]e !y 7 conf9$ = a =tnight4 ,on _! release ,h\rli] & ,b>5t91 accompani$ by a ?ird abb1 took _! places 9 ! balcony ov] ! /age1 & began to s+1 l\d] ev5 ?an ! actors1 ma9ta9+1 :5 call$ to ord]1 t ! ,op]a 0 e/abli%$ = no o!r purpose1 & t if !y _h a "r to s+ any:]e1 x 0 at ! ,acadmie de ,musique4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pet] ,,! ,,great ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,a balu/rade sep>at$ ! /age balconies f ! /age1 b cont9ual attempts 7 made to get ov] x1 & ev5 to break into ! actresses' dress+ rooms1 :i* 7 gu>d$ by s5t9els4 ,at ?is p]iod ab\t a ?ird ( ! habitus us$ to make _! appe>ance 9 a /ate ( intoxication1 ! example be+ set by ! ,reg5t himself1 :o c\ld proce$ direct f 8 resid5ce 9 ! ,palais ,royal to ! ,op]a1 :i* adjo9$ x4 ,to ! fir/ ( ! ,reg5t's mask$ balls ! ,c\ncillor ( ,/ate1 ,r\ill1 is said to h gone drunk f p]sonal incl9ation1 & ! ,duke de ,noailles 9 ! same condition1 out ( complim5t to ! adm9i/rator ( ! k+dom4 ,:5 ,pet] ! ,great visit$ ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 9 #agag1 he does n appe> to h be5 intoxicat$1 b he w5t to sleep4 ,:5 he 0 ask$ :e!r ! p]=mance _h we>i$ him1 he is said to h repli$1 t on ! contr>y he lik$ x to excess1 & _h gone to sleep f motives ( prud5ce4 ,?is /ory1 h[ev]1 does n q accord ) ! fact t ,pet] introduc$ public !atrical p]=mances into ,russia1 & enc\rag$ 8 nobles to att5d !m4 ,no?+ illu/rates bett] ! he>tless selfi%ness ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ?an 8 conduct1 n at ! ,op]a1 b at 8 own !atre 9 ! ,l\vre1 imm$iately aft] ! occurr5ce ( a t]rible & fatal accid5t4 ,! ,*evali] de ,fnlon1 an ensign 9 ! palace gu>d1 9 endeav\r+ to climb f "o box to ano!r1 lo/ 8 fool+1 & fell headlong on to a spik$ balu/rade1 :]e he rema9$ transfix$ ?r\gh ! neck4 ,! !atre 0 /a9$ ) blood 9 a horrible mann]1 & ! un=tunate *evali] 0 remov$ f ! balu/rade a dead man4 ,j !n1 ! ,v ,*ri/ian k+ made 8 appe>ance4 ,he gave ! signal = ! p]=mance to comm5ce1 & ! or*e/ra /ruck up z if no?+ _h happ5$4 ,"s idea ( ! morality ( ! ,fr5* /age dur+ ! reg5cy & ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xv41 may be =m$ f ! fact t1 9 spite ( ! great lic5se accord$ to ! memb]s ( ! ,acadmie1 or at lea/1 tol]at$ & enc\rag$ by ! law1 x 0 f\nd absolutely necess>y 9 #agcd to expel ! prima donna ,mademoiselle ,plissi]1 :o _h %ock$ ev5 ! managem5t ( ! ,op]a4 ,%e 01 h[ev]1 receiv$ ) op5 arms 9 ,london4 ,let u n be too h>d on our neighb\rs4 ,soon aft]w>ds1 ,mademoiselle ,petit1 a danc]1 0 exil$ = neglig5ce ( attire & indiscretion beh9d ! sc5es4 ,i mu/ add t ?is neglig5ce 0 extreme4 ,! mo/ curi\s "p ( ! affair1 0 t ! ,abb de la ,m>re1 au?or ( sev]al libretti1 und]took ! "y lady's def5ce1 & publi%$ a pamphlet 9 ju/ification ( h] conduct1 :i* is to be f\nd among 8 uvres div]ses4 ,ano!r danseuse1 h[ev]1 nam$ ,m>iette1 rul$ at ! ,op]a l a little autocrat4 ,! ,pr9cess1 z %e 0 nam$1 f ! reg>d ! ,pr9ce de ,c>ignan1 titul> director ( ! academy1 0 kn[n to ent]ta9 = h]1 appli$ to ! actual manag]s1 ,lecomte & ,lebuf1 = a paym5t ( sal>y :i* %e _h already receiv$1 & :i* !y naturally refus$ to give twice4 ,^u ?is !y 7 n only dismiss$ f _! places 7:i* !y _h pur*as$7 b 7 exil$ by lettres de ca*et4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pelissi] ,,at ,,table4 ,! prodigality ( fav\rite & fav\r$ actresses "u ! reg5cy 0 extreme4 ,! be=e-m5tion$ ,mademoiselle ,plissi] & h] fri5d ,mademoiselle ,des*amps1 bo? glutton\s to excess1 7 not$ = _! contempt ( all ord9>y food1 & ( ev]y?+ t happ5$ to be ne>ly 9 season1 or at all accessible1 n m]ely to vulg> citiz5s1 b to ! g5]ality ( opul5t s5suali/s4 ,x is n said t !y aspir$ to ! dissolution ( pe>ls 9 _! sauces1 b if gre5 peas 7 s]v$ to !m :5 ! price ( ! di% 0 less ?an sixty francs1 !y s5t !m away 9 disda94 ,mademoiselle ,plissi] 0 9 ! receipt ( #d1jjj francs 7#afj7 a ye> f ! ,op]a4 ,mademoiselle ,des*amps1 :o 0 only a figurante1 contriv$ to get on ) a sal>y ( only sixte5 p\nds4 ,& yet we h se5 t !y 7 nei!r ( !m economical4 ,"o ( ! mo/ faceti\s memb]s ( ! ,acadmie "u ! reg5cy1 0 ,trib\1 a p]=m]1 :o seems to h be5 qualifi$ = e bran* ( ! hi/rionic pr(ession1 & to h possess$ a c]ta9 lit]>y tal5t besides4 ,?is hum\ri/ _h "s fav\r to ask ( ! ,duke ( ,orleans4 ,he pres5t$ a petition to him1 & aft] ! reg5t _h read x1 said gravely-- ,if y\r ,highness w\ld l to read x aga91 "h is ! same ?+ 9 v]se4 ,let me see x1 said ! ,duke4 ,trib\ pres5t$ 8 petition 9 v]se1 & aft]w>ds express$ 8 read9ess to s+ x4 ,he sang1 & no soon] _h he f9i%$1 ?an he add$-- ,if mon ,seigneur w p]mit me1 ,i %all be happy to dance x4 ,dance x8 exclaim$ ! reg5t2 by all means6 ,:5 ,trib\ _h conclud$ 8 pas1 ! duke confess$ t he _h nev] be=e he>d ( a petition be+ ei!r danc$ or sung1 & = ! love ( novelty1 grant$ ! actor 8 reque/4 ,dur+ ! reg5cy1 wax 0 sub/itut$ = tall[ 9 ! c&elabra ( ! ,op]a4 ,?is improvem5t 0 due to ,law1 :o gave a l>ge sum ( money to ! ,acadmie = t special purpose4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,mademoiselle ,maz1 "o ( ! prettie/ danc]s at ! ,op]a1 0 ru9$ ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds by ! failure ( ?is op]atic b5efactor's f9ancial s*eme4 ,! poor girl put on h] r\ge1 h] m\*es1 & h] silk /ock+s1 & 9 h] gaye/ attire1 dr[n$ h]self publicly 9 ! middle ( ! day at ,la ,gr5\illire4 ,sid5ote3 ,,h[ ,,to ,,cross ,,! ,,/yx4 ,aft] ! break up ( ,law's sy/em1 ! reg5t1 t]rifi$ by ! murmurs & imprecations ( ! ,p>isians1 endeav\r$ to turn ! :ole curr5t ( popul> hatr$ aga9/ ! m9i/]1 by dismiss+ him f ! adm9i/ration ( ! f9ances4 ,:5 ,law pres5t$ himself at ! ,palais ,royal1 ! reg5t refus$ to receive him2 b ! same ev5+1 he admitt$ him by a private door1 apologiz$ to him1 & tri$ to console him4 ,two days aft]w>ds1 he accompani$ ,law to ! ,op]a2 b to pres]ve him f ! fury ( ! p1 he 0 oblig$ to h him conduct$ home by a p>ty ( ! ,swiss gu>d4 ,9 ! f\r? act ( ,lulli's ,alce/e1 ,*>on admits into 8 b>k ^? %ades :o are able to pay _! passage across ! ,/yx1 & s5ds back ^? :o h no money4 ,give him "s bank notes1 exclaim$ a man 9 ! pit to "o ( ^! p5niless %ades4 ,! audi5ce took up ! cry1 & ! sc5e betwe5 ,*>on & ! %ades 01 at subsequ5t repres5tations1 ! cause ( s mu* tumult1 t x 0 f\nd necess>y to )draw ! piece4 ,! ,duke ( ,orleans appe>s to h _h a s9c]e love ( music1 = he compos$ an op]a himself1 entitl$ ,pan?e1 ( :i* ! words 7 writt5 by ! ,m>quis de ,la ,f>e4 ,pan?e 0 produc$ at ! ,duke's private !atre4 ,aft] ! p]=mance1 ! musician1 ,campra1 said to ! compos]1 ,! music1 y\r ,highness1 is excell5t1 b ! poem is dete/able4 ,! reg5t call$ ,la ,f>e4 ,ask ,campra1 he said1 :at he ?9ks ( ! ,op]a2 ,i am sure he w tell y t ! poem is admirable1 & ! music wor?less4 ,we mu/ conclude t ! :ole affair is z bad z x c be4 ,! ,duke ( ,orleans _h writt5 a motet = five voices1 :i* he wi%$ to s5d to ! ,emp]or ,leopold1 b be=e do+ s1 entru/$ x = revision to ,b]ni]1 ! compos]4 ,b]ni] h&$ ! manuscript to ! ,abb de la ,croix1 :om ! reg5t f\nd exam9+ x :ile ,b]ni] himself 0 9 ! next room regal+ himself ) 8 fri5ds4 ,! imm$iate consequ5ces ( ?is discov]y 7 a box on ! e> = ,b]ni]1 & t5 l\is = de ,la ,croix4 ,! ,reg5t also devot$ "s att5tion to ! /udy ( antiquity4 ,he occupi$ himself 9 p>ticul> ) inquiries into ! nature ( ! music ( ! ,greeks1 & ) ! con/ruction ( an in/rum5t :i* 0 to resemble _! lyre4 ,sid5ote3 ,,music ,,9 ,,c\rt4 ,to ! same pr9ce 0 due ! excell5t idea ( engag+ ! celebrat$ ,italian ,op]a ,company ( ,london1 at t "t "u ! direction ( ,h&el1 to give a s]ies ( p]=mances at ! ,acadmie4 ,a treaty 0 actually sign$ 9 pres5ce ( ,m4 de ,maurepas1 ! m9i/]1 by :i* ,buononc9i ! conductor1 ,francesca ,cuzzoni1 ,m>g>ita ,dura/anti1 ,francesco ,b]n>di1 surnam$ ,s5es9o1 ,gaetano ,b]ne/a1 & ,guiseppe ,bos*i 7 to come to ,p>is 9 #agbc1 & give twelve repres5tations ( "o or two ,italian ,op]as1 z !y ?\ght fit4 ,franc9e1 ! director ( ! ,acadmie1 engag$ to pay !m #ce1jjj francs1 & to furni% new dresses to ! pr9cipal p]=m]s4 ,?is treaty 0 n execut$1 probably ?r\gh "s ob/acle int]pos$ by ,franc9e2 = ! manag] sign$ x aga9/ 8 w1 & on ! #bnd ( ,decemb] foll[+1 ! reg5t1 ) :om x _h orig9at$1 di$4 ,! absurd privileges secur$ to ! ,acadmie ,royale1 & ! consequ5t impossibility ( giv+ satisfactory p]=mances ( ,italian ,op]a else:]e ?an at ! *ief lyrical !atre mu/ h done mu* to *eck ! progress ( dramatic music 9 ,france4 ,f "t to "t ,italian s+]s 7 suff]$ to make _! appe>ance at ! ,gr& ,op]a2 b at ! regul> ,italian ,!atre e/abli%$ 9 ,p>is1 z at ! ,comdie ,franaise1 s++ 0 only p]mitt$ "u prescrib$ conditions1 & ! or*e/ra 0 /rictly limit$1 by sev]e p5alties1 rigidly en=c$1 to a c]ta9 numb] ( in/rum5ts1 ( :i* n m ?an six c\ld be viol9s1 or ( ! viol9 family4 ,at ! ,comdie ,itali5ne an ass appe>$ on ! /age1 & began to bray4 ,sil5ce1 exclaim$ ,arle*9no1 music is =bidd5 "h4 99 99 99 99 99 ,among ! di/+ui%$ amateurs ( ! p]iod ( ! reg5cy 0 ,m4 de ,sa9t ,montant1 :o play$ admirably on ! viola1 & _h taught 8 sons & daught]s to d ! same4 ,be+ conc]n$ 9 a law suit1 :i* _h to be tri$ at ,nimes1 he w5t ) 8 family ( musicians to visit ! judges1 laid 8 case be=e !m1 "o aft] ! o!r1 & by way ( p]oration1 gave !m ea* a conc]t1 ) :i* !y 7 s delight$ t !y decid$ unanim\sly 9 fav\r ( ,m4 de ,sa9t ,montant4 ,a law suit _h previ\sly be5 decid$ some:at 9 ! same mann]1 b mu* m logically1 9 fav\r ( ,joseph ,campra1 bro!r ( ! compos] ( t "n1 :o 0 ! conductor ( ! or*e/ra at ! ,op]a ( ,m>seilles4 ,! manag] refus$ to pay ! musicians on ! gr\nd t !y did n play well en\gh4 ,9 consequ5ce1 he 0 summon$ by ! entire b&1 :o1 :5 !y appe>$ 9 c\rt1 begg$ ?r\gh ,campra t !y might be all[$ to plead _! own cause4 ,! judges grant$ ! desir$ p]mission1 ^u :i* ! in/rum5tali/s drew !mselves up 9 or*e/ral ord] & "u ! direction ( ,campra comm5c$ an ov]ture ( ,lulli's4 ,! execution ( ?is piece s delight$ ! tribunal t ) "o voice x condemn$ ! director to pay ! sum dem&$ ( him4 ,a /ill m curi\s dispute betwe5 a viol9i/ & a danc] 0 settl$ 9 a satisfactory way = bo? p>ties4 ,! danc] 0 on ! /age rehe>s+ a new /ep4 ,! viol9i/ 0 9 ! or*e/ra p]=m+ ! necess>y musical accompanim5t4 ,y\r scrap+ is en\gh to drive a man mad1 said ! danc]4 ,v likely1 said ! musician1 & y\r jump+ is only wor?y ( a cl[n4 ,p]haps z y h su* a v delicate e>1 he add$1 & nature has refus$ y ! slighte/ grace1 y w\ld l to take my place 9 ! or*e/ra8 ,sid5ote3 ,,la ,,cam>go4 ,y\r awkw>dness ) ! b[ makes me d\bt :e!r y\r mo/ useful limbs may n be y\r legs1 repli$ ! danc]4 ,y w nev] d any good :]e y are4 ,:y d y n try y\r =tune 9 ! ballet8 ,give me y\r viol91 he cont9u$1 & come up on to ! /age4 ,i "k ! scale already4 ,y c tea* me to play m9uets1 & ,i w %[ y h[ to dance !m4 ,! propos$ int]*ange ( good (fices took place1 & ) ! happie/ results4 ,! unmusical fiddl]1 ^: "n 0 ,dupr1 acquir$ great celebrity 9 ! ballet1 & ,lclair1 ! awkw>d danc]1 became ! *ief ( ! ,fr5* s*ool ( viol9 play+4 ,m>ie-,anne ,cupis de ,cam>go did n lose s mu* "t 9 discov]+ h] true vocation4 ,%e gave evid5ce ( h] g5ius = ! ballet :ile %e 0 /ill 9 ! cradle1 & 0 sc>cely six mon?s old :5 ! v>iety ( h] ge/ures1 ! grace ( h] movem5ts1 & ! precision ) :i* %e m>k$ ! rhy?m ( ! tunes h] fa!r play$ on ! viol9 l$ all :o saw h] to believe t %e w\ld "o day be a great danc]4 ,! "y ,cam>go1 :o belong$ to a noble family ( ,spani% orig91 made h] db at ! ,acadmie 9 #agbf1 & at once a*iev$ a decid$ success4 ,p us$ to fight at ! doors to obta9 admittance ! nights %e p]=m$2 all ! new fa%ions 7 introduc$ "u h] "n1 & 9 a v %ort space ( "t h] %oemak] made 8 =tune4 ,all ! ladies ( ! c\rt insi/$ on we>+ %oes la ,cam>go4 ,b ! triumph ( "o danc] is ! despair ( ano!r4 ,mademoiselle ,prvo/1 :o 0 ! que5 ( ! ballet until ,mademoiselle de ,cam>go appe>$ 0 n prep>$ to be de?ron$ by a dbutante4 ,%e 0 s al>m$ by ! "y girl's success t %e did h] utmo/ to keep h] 9 ! backgr\nd1 & contriv$ be=e long to get h] plac$ among ! figurantes4 ,b 9 spite ( ?is loss ( rank1 ,mademoiselle de ,cam>go soon f\nd an opportunity ( di/+ui%+ h]self4 ,9 a c]ta9 ballet1 %e =m$ "o ( a gr\p ( demons1 & 0 /&+ on ! /age wait+ = ,dum\l91 :o _h to dance a pas seul1 :5 ! or*e/ra began ! soloi/'s air & cont9u$ to play x1 ?\gh /ill no ,dum\l9 appe>$4 ,mademoiselle de ,cam>go 0 seiz$ ) a sudd5 inspiration4 ,%e left ! demoniac ranks1 improvis$ a /ep 9 ! place ( ! "o t %\ld h be5 danc$ by ,dum\l9 & execut$ x ) s mu* grace & _s t ! audi5ce 7 9 raptures4 ,mademoiselle ,prvo/1 :o _h previ\sly giv5 lessons to "y ,cam>go1 n[ refus$ to h any?+ to d ) h]1 & ! two danseuses 7 und]/ood to be rivals bo? by ! public & by "o ano!r4 ,! *ief *>act]i/ics ( ,cam>go's danc+ 7 grace1 gaiety1 & above all prodigi\s lightness1 :i* 0 ! m rem>kable at ?is p]iod f ! fact t ! mode *iefly cultivat$ at ! ,op]a 0 "o ( solemn dignity4 ,h[ev]1 %e _h n be5 long on ! /age be=e %e le>n$ to adopt f h] ma/]s & f ! o!r danc]s :atev] good po9ts _! p>ticul> /yles pres5t$1 & ?us =m$ a /yle ( h] own :i* 0 pron\nc$ p]fection4 ,sid5ote3 ,,/age ,,co/ume4 ,mademoiselle de ,cam>go1 9 spite ( h] *>m+ vivacity :5 danc+1 0 ( a melan*oly mood (f ! /age4 ,%e 0 n rem>kably pretty1 b h] face 0 highly expressive1 h] figure exquisite1 h] h&s & feet ( ! mo/ delicate proportions1 & %e possess$ consid]able wit4 ,dupr1 ! ex-viol9i/1 :o _h leap$ at a b\nd f ! or*e/ra to ! /age1 0 9 ! habit ( danc+ ) ,cam>go1 & also ) ,mademoiselle ,sall1 ano!r celebrity ( ?is epo*1 :o aft]w>ds visit$ ,london1 :]e %e produc$ ! fir/ complete ballet d'action ev] repres5t$1 & at ! same "t introduc$ an important re=m 9 !atrical co/ume4 ,! art ( /age decoration _h made consid]able progress1 ev5 be=e ! ,op]a 0 f\nd$1 b x 0 n until long aft] ,mademoiselle ,sall _h giv5 ! example 9 ,london t any reasonable pr9ciples 7 obs]v$ 9 ! selection & design ( !atrical dresses4 ,9 #agcj1 w>riors ( all k9ds1 ,greek1 ,roman1 & ,assyrian1 us$ to appe> on ! ,fr5* /age 9 tunics belac$ & b]ibbon$1 9 cuirasses1 & 9 p[d]$ wigs be>+ tails a y>d long1 surm\nt$ by helmets ) plumes ( prodigi\s height4 ,! tails1 ( :i* !re 7 f\r1 two 9 front & two beh9d1 7 neatly plait$ & ri*ly pomatum$1 & :5 ! w>rior became animat$1 & wav$ 8 arm or %ook 8 head1 a cl\d ( hair p[d] escap$ f 8 wig4 ,x appe>$ to ,mademoiselle ,sall1 :o1 besides be+ an admirable danc]1 0 a woman ( ta/e 9 all matt]s ( art1 t ?is sort ( ?+ 0 absurd2 b ! re=ms %e sugge/$ 7 look$ ^u z ridicul\s innovations1 & ne>ly half a c5tury elaps$ be=e !y 7 adopt$ 9 ,france4 ,?is +5i\s ball]9a enjoy$ ! fri5d%ip & reg>d ( _m ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ writ]s ( h] "t4 ,voltaire celebrat$ h] 9 v]se1 & :5 %e w5t to ,london %e took ) h] a lett] ( introduction f ,font5elle to ,montesquieu1 :o 0 !n ambassador at ! ,engli% ,c\rt4 ,ano!r danseuse1 ,mademoiselle ,subligny came to ,engl& ) lett]s ( introduction f ,?iriot & ! ,abb ,dubois to ,locke4 ,! illu/ri\s metaphysician _h no great appreciation ( ,mademoiselle de ,subligny's tal5t1 b he 0 civil & att5tive to h] out ( reg>d to 8 fri5ds1 :o 7 also h]s1 &1 9 ! words ( ,font5elle1 con/itut$ himself h] homme d'affaires4 ,sid5ote3 ,,philosoph]s ,,& ,,actresses4 ,mademoiselle ,sall 0 n only e/eem$ by lit]ature1 %e 0 ador$ by f9ance1 & ,samuel ,b]n>d1 ! ,c\rt bank] & money l5d]1 gave h] a hundr$ gold5 l\is = danc+ be=e ! gue/s at ! m>riage ( 8 daught] ) ! ,presid5t ,mol4 ,! same opul5t amateur s5t a ?\s& francs to ,mademoiselle ,lemaure1 by way ( ?ank+ h] = resum+ ! "p ( ,dlie1 9 ! ,les ,ftes ,grecques et ,roma9es1 on ! occasion ( ! ,du*ess de ,mirepoix's m>riage4 ,i mu/ m5tion t at ?is p]iod x 0 n ! cu/om 9 good society = "y ladies to appe> at ! ,op]a be=e _! m>riage4 ,_! mo!rs 7 det]m9$ ei!r to keep _! daught]s out ( h>m's way1 or to escape a dang]\s rivalry z long z possible2 b once atta*$ to a husb& ! newly-m>ri$ girl c\ld %[ h]self at ! ,op]a z (t5 z %e pleas$1 & x 0 a po9t ( etiquette t ?r\gh ! ,op]a %e %\ld make h] entrance into fa%ionable life4 ,^! dbutantes ( ! audi5ce dep>tm5t pres5t$ !mselves to ! public 9 _! ri*e/ attire1 9 _! mo/ brilliant diamonds2 & if ! effect 0 good ! g5tlem5 9 ! pit te/ifi$ _! approbation by clapp+ _! h&s4 ,b to return to ,mademoiselle ,sall4 ,:at %e propos$ to introduce !n1 & did introduce into ,london1 9 addition to h] own admirable danc+1 7 complete dramatic ballets1 ) ! p]sonages attir$ 9 ! co/umes ( ! c\ntry & "t to :i* ! subject belong$4 ,to give "s notion ( ! absurdity ( /age co/umes at ?is p]iod we may m5tion t =ty-two ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 ,mademoiselle ,sall's re=m _h /ill _h no effect 9 ,france1 ! ,gala!a1 9 ,r\sseau's ,pygmalion1 wore a damask dress1 made 9 ! ,poli% /yle1 ov] a basket hoop1 & on h] head on enorm\s p\f1 surm\nt$ by ?ree o/ri* fea!rs6 ,9 h] own ,pygmalion1 ,mademoiselle ,sall c>ri$ out h] new pr9ciple by appe>+1 n 9 a ,poli% co/ume1 nor 9 a ,l\is ,qu9ze dress1 b 9 drap]y imitat$ z closely z possible f ! /atues ( antiquity4 ,( h] p]=mance1 & ( ,pygmalion g5]ally1 a good acc\nt is giv5 9 ! foll[+ lett]1 writt5 by a correspond5t 9 ,london1 "u ! date ( ,m>* #ae?1 #agcd1 to ! ,m]cure de ,france4 ,9 ! /yle we d n recognise ! au?or ( ! ,essay on ! ,decad5ce ( ! ,romans1 & ( ! ,_s ( ,laws1 b x is j possible t ,m4 de ,montesquieu may h respond$ to ,m4 de ,font5elle's lett] ( introduction1 by writ+ a fav\rable criticism ( ! be>]'s p]=mance1 = ! influ5tial j\rnal 9 :i* ! notice actually appe>$4 ,mdlle4 ,sall1 says ! ,london correspond5t1 )\t consid]+ ! emb>rass+ position 9 :i* %e places me1 desires me to give y an acc\nt ( h] success4 ,i h to tell y 9 :at mann] %e has r5d]$ ! fable ( ,pygmalion1 & t ( ,ariadne & ,bac*us2 & ( ! applause ) :i* ^! two ballets ( h] composition h be5 receiv$ by ! ,c\rt ( ,engl&4 ,pygmalion has n[ be5 repres5t$ = ne>ly two mon?s1 & ! public is nev] tir$ ( x4 ,! subject is develop$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mademoiselle ,,salle4 ,pygmalion comes into 8 /udio ) 8 pupils1 :o p]=m a *>act]i/ic dance1 *isel & mallet 9 h&4 ,pygmalion tells !m to draw aside a curta9 at ! back ( ! /udio1 :i*1 l ! front is adorn$ ) /atues4 ,! "o 9 ! middle above all ! o!rs attracts ! looks & admiration ( e "o4 ,pygmalion gazes at x & sighs2 he t\*es its feet1 presses its wai/1 adorns its arms ) preci\s bracelets1 & cov]s its neck ) diamonds1 &1 kiss+ ! h&s ( 8 de> /atue1 %[s t he is passionately 9 love ) x4 ,! amor\s sculptor expresses 8 di/ress 9 pantomime1 falls into a /ate ( rev]ie1 & !n ?r[+ himself at ! feet ( a /atue ( ,v5us1 prays to ! goddess to animate 8 belov$ figure4 ,! goddess answ]s 8 pray]4 ,?ree fla%es ( light are se51 & to an appropriate symphony ! m>ble beauty em]ges by degrees f h] /ate ( ins5sibility4 ,to ! surprise ( ,pygmalion & 8 pupils %e becomes animat$1 & ev9ces h] a/oni%m5t at h] new exi/5ce1 & at ! objects by :i* %e is surr\nd$4 ,! delight$ ,pygmalion ext5ds 8 h& to h]2 %e feels1 s to speak1 ! gr\nd b5ea? h] ) h] feet1 & takes "s timid /eps 9 ! mo/ elegant attitudes t sculpture c\ld sugge/4 ,pygmalion dances be=e h]1 z if to in/ruct h]2 %e repeats h] ma/]'s /eps1 f ! easie/ to ! mo/ difficult4 ,he endeav\rs to inspire h] ) ! t5d]ness he feels himself1 & succe$s 9 mak+ h] %>e t s5tim5t4 ,y c und]/&1 sir1 :at all ! passages ( ?is action become1 execut$ & danc$ ) ! f9e & delicate grace ( ,mdlle4 ,sall4 ,%e v5tur$ to appe> )\t basket1 )\t skirt1 )\t a dress1 9 h] natural hair1 & ) no ornam5t on h] head4 ,%e wore no?+1 9 addition to h] boddice & "u-petticoat1 b a simple robe ( musl91 arrang$ 9 drap]y aft] ! model ( a ,greek /atue4 ,y _c d\bt1 sir1 ( ! prodigi\s success ?is +5i\s ballet1 s well execut$1 obta9$4 ,at ! reque/ ( ! k+1 ! que51 ! royal family1 & all ! c\rt1 x w be p]=m$ on ! occasion ( ,mademoiselle ,sall's b5efit1 = :i* all ! boxes & places 9 ! !atre & amphi!atre h be5 tak5 = a mon? pa/4 ,! b5efit takes place on ! fir/ ( ,april4 ,d n expect t ,i c describe to y ,ariadne l ,pygmalion3 its beauties are m noble & m difficult to relate2 ! expressions & s5tim5ts are ^? ( ! pr(\nde/ grief1 despair1 rage & utt] dejection2 9 a ^w all ! great passions p]fectly declaim$ by means ( dances1 attitudes & ge/ures sugge/$ by ! position ( a woman :o is ab&on$ by ! man %e loves4 ,y may ann\nce1 sir1 t ,mademoiselle ,sall becomes 9 ?is piece ! rival ( ! ,j\rnets1 ! ,duclos1 & ! ,lec\vreurs4 ,! ,engli%1 :o pres]ve s t5d] a recollection ( _! fam\s ,oldfield1 :om !y h j laid 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey among _! great /atesm5 767 look ^u h] z resuscitat$ 9 ,mademoiselle ,sall :5 %e repres5ts ,ariadne4 ,p4 ,s4 ,! fir/ ( ?is mon? ! ,pr9ce ( ,orange1 accompani$ by ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 ! ,duke ( ,cumb]l& & ! ,pr9cesses1 w5t to ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,!atre ,?tre du ,commun ,j>d9 ! ,fr5* newspap] has x to see ! trag$y ( ,k+ ,h5ry ,,iv41 :5 !re 0 a num]\s assembly2 & all ! receipts ( ! repres5tation 7 = ! b5efit ( ,mademoiselle ,sall4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mademoiselle ,,salle4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,pr(itable ,,p]=mance4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 :o publi%es ! :ole ( ! above lett]1 ) ! exception ( ! po/script1 9 8 hi/ory ( ! ,acadmie ,royale1 is wrong 9 conclud+ f ,mademoiselle ,sall hav+ appe>$ at ,cov5t ,g>d51 t %e 0 engag$ to dance !re by ,h&el1 :o 0 at t "t director ( ! ,que5's ,!atre 7reign ( ,anne7 9 ! ,haym>ket4 ,m4 ,victor ,s*l*] may also be 9 error :51 9 speak+ ( ! absurd fable t ,h&el be+ 9 ,p>is he>d a canticle by ,lulli1#aj & com+ back to ,engl& gave x to ! ,engli%1 z ,god ,save ! ,k+1 he assures u t ,h&el nev] set foot 9 ,p>is at all4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,h&el w5t to ,italy to engage new s+]s 9 #agcc1 & x is by no means improbable t he pass$ ?r\gh ,p>is on 8 way4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze assures u t 9 t ye> he visit$ ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 & t :ile lavi%+ s>casms & raill]y on our ,fr5* ,op]a1 he appreciat$ ! tal5t ( ,mademoiselle ,sall4 ,a ?\s& cr[ns 7?ree ?\s& francs7 0 ! sum1 he cont9ues1 t ! virtuose ask$ = compos+ two ballets & danc+ 9 !m at ,london dur+ ! c>nival ( #agcd4 ,! director ( a rival ent]prise wat*$ = h] arrival 9 t city1 & (f]$ h] ?ree ?\s& gu9eas in/ead ( ! ?ree ?\s& cr[ns :i* %e _h agre$ to accept f ,h&el2 add+ t no?+ prev5t$ h] f mak+ ?is *ange1 inasmu* z %e _h sign$ no engagem5t4 ',& my ^w1' answ]$ ! amiable danc]2 'is my ^w to c\nt = no?+8' ,?is reply1 applaud$ & circulat$ f m\? to m\?1 prep>$ ,mademoiselle ,sall's success1 & _h ! mo/ =tunate influ5ce on ! repres5tation giv5 = h] b5efit4 ,all ! ,london j\rnals gave magnific5t acc\nts ( ! triumphs ( ,m>ie ,taglioni1 & ( ! m>ks ( admiration & gratitude t %e receiv$4 ,equally flatt]+ descriptions rea*$ u f ! icy banks ( ! ,neva4 ,m]e trifles1 niais]ies1 debolleze6 ,?is furore1 ?is en?usiasm1 ?is fanaticism1 ?is royal1 imp]ial lib]ality 0 v little1 or r 0 no?+1 9 comp>ison ) ! homage :i* ! sons ( ,albion (f]$ to & lavi%$ ^u ! div9e ,sall4 ,hi/ory tells u t at ! repres5tation giv5 = h] b5efit p f\ght at ! doors ( ! !atre2 t an inf9ity ( amateurs 7 oblig$ to conqu] at ! po9t ( ! sword1 or at lea/ ) _! fi/s1 ! places :i* _h be5 sold to !m by auction1 & at exorbitant prices4 ,z ,mademoiselle ,sall made h] la/ curtsey & smil$ ^u ! pit ) ! mo/ *>m+ grace1 furi\s applause bur/ =? f all p>ts & seem$ to %ake ! !atre to its f\ndation4 ,:ile ! :irlw9d h[l$1 :ile ! ?und] ro>$1 a hail/orm ( purses1 full ( gold1 fell ^u ! /age1 & a %[] ( bonbons foll[$ 9 ! same direction4 ,^! bonbons1 manufactur$ at ,london1 7 ( a s+ul> k9d2 gu9eas--n l ! d\bloons1 ! l\is d'or 9 pa/e1 t are exhibit$ 9 ! %op-w9d[s ( our confection]s1 b good1 g5u9e gu9eas 9 metal ( ,p]u1 well & solidly b\nd toge!r--=m$ ! sweetmeat2 ! papillote 0 a bank-note4 ,projectiles a ?\s& times1 & aga9 a ?\s& times preci\s4 ,argum5ts :i* s\nd$ /ill :5 ! fugitive tempe/ ( applause 0 at an end4 ,our fav\rite virtuoses place n[ on _! heads1 aft] press+ !m = a mom5t to _! he>ts1 ! wrea?s ?r[n to !m by an electrifi$ public4 ,mademoiselle ,sall put ! pro(s ( gratitude (f]$ by h] ho/ ( admir]s into h] pockets or r into bags4 ,! light & playful troop ( little ,loves :o hov]$ ar\nd ! new danc]1 pick$ up ! preci\s sug>-plums z !y fell1 & eight danc+ satyrs c>ri$ away 9 cad5ce ! improvis$ treasures4 ,?is p]=mance br\ght ,mademoiselle ,sall m ?an two hundr$ ?\s& francs4 ,:at ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze tells u ab\t ! bonbons ( gu9eas & bank-notes may or may n be true--,i h no means ( judg+--b x is n v likely t eight danc+ satyrs appe>$ on ! /age at ,mademoiselle ,sall's b5efit1 inasmu* z ! ballet giv5 on t occasion 0 n ,bac*us & ,ariadne1 z ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze evid5tly supposes1 b ,pygmalion4 ,! ,london correspond5t ( ! ,m]cure de ,france has m5tion$ t ,pygmalion 0 to be p]=m$ by desire ( ! k+ & ! que51 ! royal family1 & all ! c\rt1 & naturally t 0 ! piece select$4 ,accord+ to ! lett] 9 ! ,m]cure ! b5efit 0 fix$ = ! fir/ ( ,april2 inde$1 ! writ] 9 8 po/script speaks ( x z hav+ tak5 place on t day1 b he says no?+ ab\t purses ( gold1 nor does he speak ( gu9eas wrapp$ up 9 bank-notes4 ,x appe>s f ! ,daily ,j\rnal t ,mademoiselle ,sall took h] b5efit on ! #ba/ ( ,m>* 7:i* w\ld be ,april #a1 ,new ,/yle71 :5 ! fir/ piece 0 ,h5ry ,,iv41 ) ! hum\rs ( ,sir ,john ,fal/aff1 & ! second ,pigmalion 7) a ,pig74 ,x 0 ann\nc$ t on ?is occasion s]vants w\ld be p]mitt$ to keep places on ! /age1 :]eas 9 mo/ ( ! ,cov5t ,g>d5 play bills ( ! p]iod ! foll[+ p>agraph appe>s3--,x is desir$ t no p]son w take x ill _! n be+ admitt$ beh9d ! sc5es1 x be+ impossible to p]=m ! ent]ta9m5t unless ^! passages are kept cle>4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mademoiselle ,,salle ,,& ,,h&el4 ,at ?is "t ,h&el 0 at ! ,que5's ,!atre1 & x 0 n until ! next ye>1 long aft] ,mademoiselle ,sall _h left ,engl&1 t he mov$ to ,cov5t ,g>d54 ,! rival :o is repres5t$ z hav+ (f]$ su* magnific5t t]ms to ,mademoiselle ,sall ) ! view ( tempt+ h] f h] allegiance to ,h&el1 mu/ h be51 if any "o1 ,porpora2 ?\gh if ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze c\ld h id5tifi$ him z t celebrat$ compos] he w\ld c]ta9ly h m5tion$ ! "n4 ,porpora1 :o arriv$ 9 ,engl& 9 #agcc1 0 9 #agcd director ( ! ,nobility's ,!atre 9 ,l9coln's-,inn ,fields4 ,! foll[+ is ! ann\ncem5t ( ,mademoiselle ,sall's fir/ appe>ance 9 ,engl&3-- ,,at ,,! ,,!atre ,,royal ,,cov5t ,,g>d51 ,on ,monday1 #aa? ,m>*1 w be p]=m$ a ,com$y1 call$ ,! ,,way ( ! ,,_w1 by ! late ,mr4 ,congreve1 ) ent]ta9m5ts ( danc+1 p>ticul>ly ! ,scotti% dance by ,mr4 ,glov] & ,mrs4 ,lagu]re1 ,mr4 le ,sac1 & ,miss ,bo/on1 ,m4 de la ,g>de & ,mrs4 ,ogd54 ,! ,fr5* ,sailor & 8 ,lass1 by ,mademoiselle ,sall & ,mr4 ,malt]4 ,! ,nassau1 by ,mr4 ,glov] & ,miss ,rog]s1 ,mr4 ,pell+ & ,miss ,nona1 ,mr4 ,le ,sac & ,mrs4 ,ogd51 ,mr4 de la ,g>de & ,miss ,batson4 ,) a new dance1 call$ ,pigmalion1 p]=m$ by ,mr4 ,malt] & ,mademoiselle ,sall1 ,m4 ,dupr1 ,mr4 ,pell+1 ,mr4 ,duke1 ,mr4 le ,sac1 ,mr4 ,ne:\se1 & ,m4 de la ,g>de4 ,no s]vants w be p]mitt$ to keep places on ! /age4 ,x appe>s t at ! ,k+'s ,!atre on ! night ( ,mademoiselle ,sall's b5efit1 at ,cov5t ,g>d51 !re 0 an assembly4 ,two tickets1 says ! adv]tisem5t1 w be deliv]$ to e subscrib]1 ?is day1 at ,:ite's ,*o*olate ,h\se1 9 ,/4 ,james's ,/reet1 pay+ ! subscription-money2 & if any tickets rema9 m ?an are subscrib$ =1 !y w be deliv]$ ! same day at ! ,op]a (fice 9 ! ,haym>ket1 at six & tw5ty %ill+s ea*4 ,e ticket w admit ei!r "o g5tleman or two ladies4 ,n4 ,b4--,five diff]5t doors w be op5$ at twelve = ! company to g out1 :]e *airs w easily be _h4 ,n4 ,b4--,to prev5t a cr[d !re w be b #gjj tickets pr9t$4 ,i f9d f ! collection ( old newspap]s be=e me1 t ,h&el1 ^: ,ariadne 0 fir/ produc$ & ^: ,pa/or ,fido 0 reviv$ 9 #agcd1 is call$ 9 ! playbills ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre ,mr4 ,h&ell4 ,! foll[+ is ! ann\ncem5t ( ! p]=mance giv5 at t e/abli%m5t on ! #d? ,june1 #agcd1 be+ ! la/ "t ( p]=m+ till aft] ! holidays4 ,,at ! ,,k+',s ,,!atre 9 ! ,,haym>ket1 on ,tuesday next1 be+ ! #d? day ( ,june w be p]=m$ an ,op]a call$ ,,pa/or ,,fido1 ,compos$ by ,mr4 ,h&ell1 int]mix$ ) ,*oruses4 ,! ,sc5]y aft] a p>ticul> mann]4 ,pit & ,boxes w be put toge!r1 & no p]sons to be admitt$ )\t tickets1 :i* w be deliv]$ t day at ! ,(fice ( ! ,haym>ket1 at half a gu9ea ea*4 ,,gall]y ,,five ,,%ill+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mr4 ,,h&ell4 ,,by ,,8 ,,maje/y',s ,,comm&4 ,no p]sons :atev] to be admitt$ beh9d ! sc5es4 ,to beg9 at half an h\r aft] six o'clock4 ,h&el _h n[ be5 tw5ty-f\r ye>s 9 ,london :]e he _h rais$ ! ,italian ,op]a to a pit* ( excell5ce unequall$ else:]e 9 ,europe1 except p]haps at ,dresd51 :i* dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! #ah? c5tury 0 univ]sally celebrat$ = ! p]fection ( its op]atic p]=mances at ! ,c\rt ,!atre direct$ by ,hasse4 ,b ( ! introduction ( ,italian ,op]a into ,engl&1 & especially ( ! arrival ( ,h&el1 8 op]atic ent]prises1 8 successes & 8 failures1 ,i mu/ speak 9 ano!r *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,introduction ,,( ,,italian ,,op]a ,,into ,,engl&4 ,op]atic ,feuds4--,objections to ,nose-pull+4--,ars9oe4--,camilla & ! ,bo>4--,/eele on insanity4--,h&el & ,clayton4--,nicol9i & ! lion4--,r9aldo & ! sp>r[s4--,hamlet set to music4--,?ree enrag$ musicians4--,?ree *>m+ s+]s4 ,x 0 n until ! close ( ! #ag? c5tury t ,engl& 0 visit$ by any ,italian s+]s ( note1 among ! fir/ ( :om 0 ! well-kn[n ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e4 ,?is vocali/'s "n frequ5tly occurs 9 ! curr5t lit]ature ( ! p]iod1 & ,swift 9 8 ,j\rnal to ,/ella speaks 9 8 own graceful way ( hav+ he>d ,m>g>ita & h] si/] & ano!r drab1 & a p>cel ( fiddl]s at ,w9dsor4 ,?is 0 9 #agaa1 n9ete5 ye>s aft] h] arrival 9 ,engl&--a pro( t ev5 !n ,italian s+]s1 :o _h once obta9$ ! fav\r ( ! ,engli% public1 7 det]m9$ to pr(it by x z long z possible4 ,m>g>ita 0 an excell5t musician1 & a virtu\s & amiable woman2 b %e 0 ugly & 0 call$ ,hecate by h] husb&1 :o _h m>ri$ h] = h] money4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]atic ,,feuds4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,op]a 9 ,engl& is1 m ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry1 ! hi/ory ( feuds & rivalries betwe5 !atres & s+]s4 ,! rival ( ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e 0 ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 :o 9 #agjc 0 s++ ,engli% & ,italian songs at ! !atre 9 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields4 ,in/ead ( enjoy+ ! tal5t ( bo?1 ! ,london public began to dispute z to :i* 0 ! be/2 & :at 0 /ill m absurd1 to create di/urbances at ! v !atres :]e !y sang1 s t ! ,engli% p>ty prev5t$ ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e f be+ he>d1 :ile ! ,italians dr[n$ ! voice ( ,mrs4 ,t(ts4#aa ,once1 :5 ! amiable ,m>g>ita 0 s++ at ,drury ,lane1 %e 0 n only hiss$ & hoot$1 b an orange 0 ?r[n at h] by a woman :o 0 recognis$ z be+ or hav+ be5 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,engli% vocali/4 ,h5ce consid]able sc&al & ! foll[+ public /atem5t :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,daily ,c\rant ( ,febru>y #h?1 #agjd4 ,ann ,b>wick hav+ occasion$ a di/urbance at ! ,!atre ,royal on ,saturday la/1 ! #e? ( ,febru>y1 & be+ !reupon tak5 into cu/ody1 ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 9 v9dication ( h] innoc5cey1 s5t a lett] to ,mr4 ,ri*1 ma/] ( ! said ,!atre1 :i* is z foll[e?3--',sir1 ,i 0 v mu* surpris$ :5 ,i 0 in=m$ t ,ann ,b>wick1 :o 0 lately my s]vant1 _h committ$ a rud5ess la/ night at ! playh\se by ?r[+ ( oranges & hiss+ :5 ,mrs4 ,l',ep9e1 ! ,italian g5tlewoman1 sang4 ,i hope no "o w ?9k x 0 9 ! lea/ ) my privity1 z ,i assure y x 0 n4 ,i abhor su* practices1 & ,i hope y w cause h] to be prosecut$ t %e may be puni%$ z %e des]ves4 ,i am1 sir1 y\r humble s]vant1 ,,ka?>9e ,,t(ts4' ,sid5ote3 ,,ars9oe4 ,at ?is p]iod ! unruly critics ( ! pit behav$ ) z little c]emony to ^? :o diff]$ f !m among ! audi5ce z to ^? p]=m]s :om !y dislik$ on ! /age4 ,9 pro( ( ?is1 we may quote a portion ( ! v amus+ lett] writt5 by a l95-drap] nam$ ,heywood 7"u ! signature ( ,james ,easy71 to ! ,spectator1#ab on ! subject ( nose-pull+4 ,a fri5d ( m9e1 ! o!r night1 applaud+ :at a graceful exit ,mr4 ,wilkes made1 says ,mr4 ,easy1 "o ( ^! nose-wr+]s ov]he>+ him1 pull$ him by ! nose4 ,i 0 9 ! pit ! o!r night1 he adds1 :5 x 0 v cr[d$4 ,a g5tleman lean+ ^u me1 & v heavily1 ,i civilly reque/$ him to remove 8 h&2 = :i* he pull$ me by ! nose4 ,i w\ld n res5t x 9 s public a place1 because ,i 0 unwill+ to create a di/urbance2 b h s9ce reflect$ ^u x z a ?+ t is unmanly & dis+5u\s1 r5d]s ! nose-pull] odi\s1 & makes ! p]son pull$ by ! nose look little & contemptible4 ,?is grievance ,i humbly reque/ y w endeav\r to r$ress4 ,fifty ye>s lat]1 at ! ,gr& ,op]a ( ,p>is1 a g5tleman 9 ! pit applaud$ ! danc+ ( ,mademoiselle ,assel94 ,il faut tre bi5 bte p\r applaudir une telle sauteuse1 said 8 neighb\r1 ^u :i* a *all5ge 0 giv5 & receiv$1 ! two amateurs w5t out & f\ght1 :5 ! aggressor fell mortally w\nd$4 ,9 ! lett]s ( ,fr5*m5 & ,engli%m5 f ,italy1 describ+ ! ,italian !atres ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 we read nei!r ( pelt+ ) oranges1 nor ( nose-pull+1 nor ( duell+4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ?+s 9 ! demean\r ( ! audi5ce appe>s to h be5 ! unc]emoni\s mann] 9 :i* ! ari/ocratic occupants ( ! boxes behav$ t[>ds ! p 9 ! pit4 ,! nobles1 :o 7 some:at giv5 to expectoration1 ?\ght no?+ ( spitt+ d[n into ! p>t]re1 & :at is /ill m extraord9>y1 says ,b>etti1 :o notices ?is curi\s habit1 ^? :o receiv$ x on _! faces & heads1 did n seem to res5t x mu*4 ,we are told1 h[ev]1 t !y made ! mo/ curi\s grimaces 9 ! _w4 ,b to return to ! rival s+]s ( ,london4 ,9 #agje1 !n1 ,mrs4 ,t(ts & ,m>g>ita 7 bo? engag$ at ,drury ,lane2 ! =m] tak+ ! pr9cipal "p 9 ,ars9oe1 :i* 0 p]=m$ 9 ,engli%1 ! latt] s++ ,italian songs be=e & aft] ! ,op]a4 ,ars9oe 7! fir/ ,op]a1 says ! ,spectator1 t gave u a ta/e = ,italian music7 0 ! composition ( ,clayton1 ! mae/ro :o aft]w>ds wrote music = ,addison's un=tunate ,rosamond1 & :o describ$ ! purpose & "* ( 8 fir/ "w 9 ! foll[+ words3--,! design ( ?is ent]ta9m5t be+ to introduce ! ,italian mann] ( s++ to ! ,engli% /age1 :i* has n be5 be=e attempt$1 ,i 0 oblig$ to h an ,italian ,op]a translat$1 9 :i* ! words1 h[ev] mean 9 sev]al places1 suit$ mu* bett] ) t mann] ( music ?an o!rs m poetical w\ld d4 ,! /yle ( ?is music is to express ! passions1 :i* is ! s\l ( music1 & ?\gh ! voices are n equal to ! ,italian1 yet ,i h engag$ ! be/ t 7 to be f\nd 9 ,engl&2 & ,i h n be5 want+1 to ! utmo/ ( my dilig5ce1 9 ! in/ruct+ ( !m4 ,! music1 be+ recitative1 may n at fir/ meet ) t g5]al acceptation1 z is to be hop$ =1 f ! audi5ce's be+ bett] acqua9t$ ) x2 b if ?is attempt %all be a means ( br++ ?is mann] ( music to be us$ 9 my native c\ntry1 ,i %all ?9k my /udy & pa9s v well employ$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,camilla ,,& ,,! ,,bo> ,mr4 ,hog>?1 9 8 int]e/+ ,memoirs ( ! ,op]a1 rem>ks t ?\gh ,ars9oe is utt]ly unwor?y ( criticism1 yet !re is some?+ amus+ 9 ! folly ( ! compos]4 ,! v fir/ song may be tak5 z a specim54 ,! words are-- ,que5 ( ,d>kness1 sable night1 ,ease a w&]+ lov]'s pa92 ,guide me1 lead me ,:]e ! nymph :om ,i adore1 ,sleep+1 dream+1 ,?9ks ( love & me no m4 ,! fir/ two l9es are spok5 9 a meagre sort ( recitative4 ,!n !re is a mis]able air1 ! fir/ "p ( :i* consi/s ( ! next two l9es1 & concludes ) a p]fect close4 ,! second "p ( ! air is on ! la/ two l9es2 aft] :i*1 !re is1 z usual1 a da capo1 & ! fir/ "p is repeat$2 ! song f9i%+ 9 ! middle ( a s5t5ce1-- ,guide me1 lead me ,:]e ! nymph :om ,i adore-- :i*1 ,i v5ture to say1 has n be5 beat5 by ,bunn1 or ,fitzball1 or any ( our wor/ libretti/s at _! wor/ mom5ts4 ,! music ( ,camilla1 ! second op]a 9 ! ,italian /yle1 p]=m$ 9 ,engl&1 0 by ,m>co ,antonio ,buononc9i1 ! bro!r ( ,h&el's future rival4 ,! "w 0 produc$ at ! orig9al ,op]a ,h\se1 erect$ by ,sir ,john ,vanburgh1 on ! site ( ! pres5t build+1 9 #agje4ac ,x 0 sung half 9 ,engli% & half 9 ,italian4 ,mrs4 ,t(ts play$ ! "p ( ,camilla1 & kept to h] "m tongue4 ,val5t9i play$ t ( ! h]o1 & kept to 84 ,bo? ! ,buononc9is 7 compos]s ( high ability & ! music ( ,camilla is said to h be5 v beautiful4 ,! melodies giv5 to ! two pr9cipal s+]s 7 orig9al1 expressive1 & well h>moniz$4 ,mrs4 ,t(ts' imp]sonation ( ! ,amazonian lady 0 mu* admir$ by p]sons ( ta/e1 & !re 0 a "p = a pig :i* ?rew ! vulg> into ec/acies4 ,mr4 ,spectator1 wrote a correspond5t1 y\r hav+ be5 s humble z to take notice ( ! epi/les ( ! animal1 embold5 me1 :o am ! wild bo> t 0 kill$ by ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 to repres5t to y t ,i ?9k ,i 0 h>dly us$ 9 n hav+ ! "p ( ! lion 9 ,hydaspes giv5 to me4 ,x w\ld h be5 b a natural /ep = me to h p]sonat$ t noble creature1 aft] hav+ behav$ myself to satisfaction 9 ! "p above m5tion$2 b t ( a lion is too great a "* = "o t nev] trode ! /age be=e b ^u two legs4 ,z = ! little resi/ance ,i made1 ,i hope x may be excus$ :5 x is consid]$ t ! d>t 0 ?r[n at me by s fair a h&4 ,i mu/ confess ,i _h b j put on my brutality2 & ,camilla's *>ms 7 su*1 t behold+ h] erect mi51 he>+ h] *>m+ voice1 & a/oni%$ ) h] graceful motion1 ,i c\ld n keep up to my assum$ fi]c5ess1 b di$ l a man4 ,sid5ote3 ,,/eele ,,on ,,insanity4 ,mrs4 ,t(ts quitt$ ! /age 9 #agji1 9 consequ5ce ( m5tal d]angem5t4 ,we h se5 ,mademoiselle ,desmt9s1 half fancy+ 9 h] excessive1 vanity t %e 0 really ! que5 or pr9cess %e _h be5 repres5t+ ! same night on ! /age1 & ord]+ ! s]vants1 on h] return home1 to prep>e h] ?rone & s]ve h] on _! b5d$ knees4 ,poor ,mrs4 ,t(ts lab\r$ "u a simil> delusion2 only1 9 h] case1 x 0 n a moral malady1 b ! halluc9ation ( a diseas$ intellect4 ,9 ! m]idian ( h] beauty1 says ,hawk9s1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,music1 & possess$ ( a l>ge sum ( money1 :i* %e _h acquir$ by s++1 ,mrs4 ,t(ts quitt$ ! /age1 & 0 m>ri$ to ,mr4 ,joseph ,smi?1 a g5tleman1 :o be+ appo9t$ consul = ! ,engli% nation1 at ,v5ice1 %e w5t ?i!r ) him4 ,mr4 ,smi? 0 a great collector ( books1 & patron ( ! arts4 ,he liv$ 9 great /ate & magnific5ce2 b ! disord] ( 8 wife return+1 %e dwelt seque/]$ f ! _w1 9 a remote "p ( ! h\se1 & _h a l>ge g>d5 to range 91 9 :i* %e w\ld frequ5tly walk1 s++ & giv+ way to t innoc5t fr5zy :i* _h seiz$ h] 9 ! e>ly "p ( h] life4 ,! t]rible affliction1 :i* _h fall5 ^u ! fav\rite op]atic vocali/1 is t\*$ ^u by ,/eele1 ) s+ul> want ( feel+1 ( ta/e1 & ev5 ( common dec5cy1 9 ,no4 #bj ( ! ,tatl]4 ,! !atre1 he says1 is break+1 & !re is a great desolation among ! g5tlem5 & ladies :o 7 ! ornam5ts ( ! t[n1 & us$ to %9e 9 plumes & diadems1 ! h]oes be+ mo/ ( !m press$1 & ! que5s beat+ hemp4 ,!n ) m brutality ?an hum\r he adds1 ,! great revolutions ( ?is nature br+ to my m9d ! di/ress ( ! un=tunate ',camilla1' :o has _h ! ill luck to break be=e h] voice1 & to disappe> at a "t :5 h] beauty 0 9 ! height ( its bloom4 ,?is lady ent]$ s ?or\ghly into ! great *>act]s %e act$1 t :5 %e _h f9i%$ h] "p %e c\ld n ?9k ( retr5*+ h] equipage1 b w\ld appe> 9 h] own lodg+s ) ! same magnific5ce z %e did ^u ! /age4 ,?is greatness ( s\l has r$uc$ t unhappy pr9cess to a volunt>y retirem5t1 :]e %e n[ passes h] "t among ! woods & =e/s1 ?9k+ on ! cr[ns & sceptres %e has lo/1 & (t5 humm+ ov] 9 h] solitude3-- ',i 0 born ( royal race1 ,yet mu/ w&] 9 disgrace1 c4' ,b = fe> ( be+ ov]he>d1 & h] quality kn[n1 %e usually s+s x 9 ,italian3-- ',nacqui al regno1 nacqui al trono1 ,e pur sono1 ,sv5tatura pa/orella4' ,sid5ote3 ,,/eele ,,& ,,drury ,,lane4 ,x is ! ,*ri/ian soldi] :o wrote ?is2 :o rejoic$ 9 ?is anti-*ri/ian & c[>dly _s at ! d>k calamity :i* _h befall5 an amiable & *>m+ vocali/1 ^: only fault 0 t %e _h aid$ ! =tunes ( a !atre abhorr$ by ,/eele4 ,& :at cause _h ,/eele = dete/+ ! ,italian ,op]a ) ! unreasonable & really /upid hatr$ :i* he display$ t[>ds x8 ,addison1 z x seems to me1 has be5 mo/ unfairly attack$ = 8 /rictures on ! op]atic p]=mances ( 8 day4 ,!y 7 (t5 j1 !y 7 nev] ill-natur$1 & !y 7 always envelop$ 9 su* a delightful g>b ( hum\r1 t !re is n a s5t5ce1 c]ta9ly n a :ole pap]1 & sc>cely ev5 a phrase1#ad 9 all he has publi%$ ab\t ! ,op]a1 t a musician1 unless already enrag$1 w\ld wi% unwritt54 ,x is unreasonable & unwor?y to connect ,addison's pleasantries on ! subject ( ,ars9oe1 ,camilla1 ,hydaspes1 & ,r9aldo1 ) ! failure ( 8 ,rosamond1 :i*1 z ! read] is aw>e1 0 set to music by ! ignorant impo/or call$ ,clayton4 ,addison1 x is true1 did n write any ( 8 admirably humor\s pap]s ab\t ! ,italian ,op]a until aft] ! production ( ,rosamond1 b x 0 n until "s "t aft]w>ds t ! ,spectator fir/ appe>$4 ,/4 ,evrmond1 :o 0 a great lov] ( ! ,op]a1 wrote mu* m aga9/ x ?an ,addison4 ,9 fact1 ! new ent]ta9m5t 0 ! subject ( ! day4 ,x 0 full ( incongruities1 & naturally recomm5d$ itself to ! att5tion ( wits2 & we all "k t1 z a rule1 wits d n deal 9 praise4 ,all t ,rosamond proves is1 t ,addison lik$ ! ,op]a or he w\ld nev] h writt5 x4 ,b ab\t ?is ,*ri/ian ,soldi] :o endeav\rs to conv9ce 8 read]s t music is a ?+ to be despis$ because x does n appeal to ! und]/&+1 & :o laughs at ! mis=tunes ( a poor lunatic because %e is no long] able to attract ! public by h] s++ f ! dramatic !atre 9 :i* he took s deep an int]e/1 & ( :i* he aft]w>ds became pat5tee8#ae ,sid5ote3 ,,h&el ,v4 ,,ambrose ,,phillips4 ,( c\rse1 if music appeal$ only to ! und]/&+1 mad ,saul w\ld h f\nd no solace 9 ! tones ( ,david's h>p1 & x w\ld be hide\sly irrev]5t to imag9e ! angels ( heav5 s++ hymns to _! ,creator4 ,/eele1 ( c\rse1 knew ?is1 & also t ! pleasure giv5 by music is n a m]e physical s5sation1 to be enjoy$ z an ,angora cat enjoys ! smell ( fl[]s1 b he seems to h ?\ght x 0 8 duty 7z x aft]w>ds became 8 int]e/7 to write up ! drama & write d[n ! ,op]a at all haz>ds4 ,p[]ful p5man%ip x mu/ h be51 h[ev]1 t w\ld h put d[n ,h&el1 or t w\ld h kept up ,mr4 ,ambrose ,phillips4 ,x w\ld h be5 easi]1 at lea/ x w\ld h be5 m successful1 to h gone ^u ! o!r tack4 ,we all "k ,h&el1 & 7if ! expression be p]mitt$7 he becomes m immortal e day4 ,/eele1 x is true1 did n hold 8 music 9 any e/eem1 b ,moz>t1 a compet5t judge 9 su* matt]s1 did1 & reckon$ x an hon\r to write additional accompanim5ts to ! eld] ma/]'s greate/ "w4 ,& :o 0 ?is ,ambrose ,phillips8 "s read]1 n necess>ily ignorant ( 8 c\ntry's lit]ature1 may ask4 ,he 0 ,rac9e's ?ief4 ,he /ole ,&romaque1 & gave x to ! ,engli% z 8 own1 call+ x prosaically & /upidly ,! ,di/re/ ,"m1 :i* is z if we %\ld call ,abel ,! ,uncivil ,bro!r1 or ,philoctetes ,! ,man ) ! ,bad ,foot1 or ,prome!us1 ,! ,g5tleman ) ! ,liv] ,compla9t4 ,/eele wrote a pap]#af on ! read+ ( ?is new trag$y1 9 :i* he decl>es t ! /yle ( ! play is su* z becomes ^? ( ! fir/ education1 & ! s5tim5ts wor?y ( ^? ( ! highe/ figure4 ,he also says1 ,i congratulate ! age t !y are at la/ to see tru? & human life repres5t$ 9 ! incid5ts :i* conc]n h]oes & h]o9es4 ,translat$ ,rac9e 0 v popul> j !n ) writ]s :o reg>d$ ,%akespe>e z a deal] 9 ! false sublime4 ,w\ld "o ?9k x 0 possible1 asks ,addison1 at a "t :5 an au?or liv$ t 0 able to write ! ,ph$ra & ,hippolytus 7translate ,phdre1 t is to say71 = a p to be s /upidly fond ( ! ,italian ,op]a z sc>ce to give a ?ird day's he>+ to t admirable trag$y4 ,s5sible p6 ,x seems q possible to u 9 ! pres5t day t !y %\ld h pref]r$ ,h&el's music to ,rac9e's rhym$ prose1 r5d]$ into ,engli% rhymes by a man :o _h no?+ ( ! poetical _s :i* ,rac9e1 ?\gh writ+ 9 an unpoetical language1 c]ta9ly possess$4 ,! triumphant success ( ,h&el's ,r9aldo 0 felt deeply by ,/eele & by ! ,spectator's fav\rite compos] ,clayton1 a bad musician1 & ap>t f ! practice ( 8 art1 z base a sc\ndrel z ev] libell$ a great man4 ,b ( c\rse critics :o besides expatiat+ on ! blemi%es ( ,%akespe>e dwelt on ! beauties ( ,rac9e z improv$ by ,phillips1 w\ld be sure to enjoy ! cacophony ( ,clayton2 ,qui ,bavium non odit amet tua c>m9a ,mvi4 ,sid5ote3 ,,nicol9i ,,& ,,! ,,lion4 ,h[ev] we mu/ leave ! *ivalr\s ,/eele & 8 fai?ful m9/rel = ! pres5t4 ,we h done ) ! writ]'s triumphant gloat+ ov] ! insanity ( ! poor prima donna4 ,we %all pres5tly see ! musician publi%+ impud5t falsehoods1 "u ! auspices ( 8 lit]>y patron1 conc]n+ ,h&el & 8 g5ius1 & endeav\r+1 always ) ! same protection1 to =m a cabal = ! av[$ purpose ( driv+ him f ! c\ntry :i* he 0 s greatly b5efit+4 ,be=e ,h&el's arrival 9 ,engl& ,/eele _h n only insult$ op]atic s+]s1 b 9 record+ ! success ( ,sc>latti's ,pyrrhus & ,demetrius1 _h op5ly proclaim$ 8 *agr9 !reat4 ,?is intellig5ce1 he says1 is n v agreeable to our fri5ds ( ! !atre4 99 99 99 99 99 ,pyrrhus & ,demetrius1 9 :i* ! celebrat$ ,nicol9i made 8 fir/ appe>ance1 0 ! la/ op]a p]=m$ p>tly 9 ,engli% & p>tly 9 ,italian4 ,9 #agaj1 ,almahide1 ( :i* ! music is attribut$ to ,buononc9i1 0 play$ entirely 9 ! ,italian language1 ) ,val5t9e1 ,nicol9i1 ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e1 ,cassani1 & ,signora ,isabella 7,isabella ,gir>dean71 9 ! pr9cipal p>ts4 ,! same ye> ,hydaspes 0 produc$4 ,?is m>vell\s "w1 :i* is n likely to be =gott5 by read]s ( ! ,spectator1 0 br\ght out "u ! direction ( ,nicol9i1 ! soprani/1 :o p]=m$ ! "p ( ! h]o4 ,! o!r s+]s 7 ^? includ$ 9 ! ca/ ( ,almahide1 ) ! addition ( ,lawr5ce1 an ,engli% t5or1 :o 0 9 ! habit ( s++ 9 ,italian op]as1 & ( :om x 0 hum\r\sly said by ,addison1 9 8 proposition = an op]a 9 ,greek1 t he c\ld le>n to speak ! language z well z he does ,italian 9 a =tnight's "t4 ,hydaspes is a sort ( pr(ane ,daniel1 :o be+ ?r[n into an amphi!atre to be dev\r$ by a lion1 is sav$ n by fai?1 b by love2 ! pres5ce ( 8 mi/ress among ! spectators inspir+ him ) su* c\rage1 t aft] appeal+ to ! mon/] 9 a m9or key1 & tell+ him t he may te> 8 bosom b _c t\* 8 he>t1 he attacks him 9 ! relative major1 & /rangles him4 ,sid5ote3 ,,nicol9i ,,& ,,! ,,lion4 ,!re is no?+ ( late ye>s1 says ,addison1 9 "o ( ! mo/ amus+ ( 8 pap]s on ! ,op]a1 t has af=d$ matt] ( great] amusem5t to ! t[n ?an ,signior ,nicol9i's combat ) a lion 9 ! ,haym>ket1 :i* has be5 v (t5 exhibit$ to ! g5]al satisfaction ( mo/ ( ! nobility & g5try 9 ! k+dom ( ,great ,brita94 ,^u ! fir/ rum\r ( ?is int5d$ combat1 x 0 confid5tly affirm$1 & is /ill believ$ by _m 9 bo? gall]ies1 t !re w\ld be a tame lion s5t f ! t[] e ,op]a night1 9 ord] to be kill$ by ,hydaspes2 ?is report1 ?\gh altoge!r s univ]sally preval5t 9 ! upp] regions ( ! play-h\se1 t "s ( ! mo/ ref9$ politicians 9 ^? p>ts ( ! audi5ce gave x out 9 :isp]1 t ! lion 0 a c\s9-g]man ( ! tig] :o made 8 appe>ance 9 ,k+ ,william's days1 & t ! /age w\ld be suppli$ ) lions at ! public exp5se1 dur+ ! :ole session4 ,_m likewise 7 ! conjectures ( ! treatm5t :i* ?is lion 0 to meet ) f ! h&s ( ,signior ,nicol9i2 "s suppos$ t he 0 to subdue him 9 recitative1 z ,orpheus us$ to s]ve ! wild bea/s 9 8 "t1 & aft]w>ds to knock him on ! head2 "s fanci$ t ! lion w\ld n pret5d to lay 8 paws ^u ! h]o1 by reason ( ! receiv$ op9ion1 t a lion w n hurt a virg94 ,sev]al :o pret5d$ to h se5 ! ,op]a 9 ,italy1 _h in=m$ _! fri5ds1 t ! lion 0 to act a "p 9 high ,dut*1 & ro> twice or ?rice to a ?or\gh bass1 be=e he fell at ! feet ( ,hydaspes4 ,to cle> up a matt] t 0 s v>i\sly report$1 ,i h made x my bus9ess to exam9e :e!r ?is pret5d$ lion is really ! savage he appe>s to be1 or only a c\nt]feit4 ,b be=e ,i communicate my discov]ies1 ,i mu/ acqua9t ! read] t ^u my walk+ beh9d ! sc5es la/ w9t]1 z ,i 0 ?9k+ on some?+ else1 ,i accid5tally ju/l$ aga9/ a mon/r\s animal t extremely />tl$ me1 & ^u my ne>] survey mu* surpris$1 told me 9 a g5tle voice t ,i might come by him if ,i pleas$1 '=1' says he1 ',i d n int5d to hurt any body4' ,i ?ank$ him v k9dly1 & pass$ by him2 & 9 a little "t aft] saw him leap ^u ! /age1 & act 8 "p ) v great applause4 ,x has be5 obs]v$ by sev]al1 t ! lion has *ang$ 8 mann] ( act+ twice or ?rice s9ce 8 fir/ appe>ance2 :i* w n seem /range1 :5 ,i acqua9t my read] t ! lion has be5 *ang$ ^u ! audi5ce ?ree sev]al times4 ,! fir/ lion 0 a c&le-snuff]1 :o be+ a fell[ ( a te/y *ol]ic temp]1 ov]did 8 "p1 & w\ld n suff] himself to be kill$ s easily z he ought to h done2 besides1 x 0 obs]v$ ( him1 t he grew m surly e "t he came out ( ! lion2 & hav+ dropp$ "s words 9 ord9>y conv]sation1 z if he _h n f\ght 8 be/1 & t he suff]$ himself to be ?r[n ^u 8 back 9 ! scuffle1 & t he w\ld wre/le ) ,mr4 ,nicol9i = :at he pleas$1 out ( 8 lion's sk91 x 0 ?\ght prop] to disc>d him2 & x is v]ily believ$ to ?is day1 t _h he be5 br\ght ^u ! /age ano!r "t1 he w\ld c]ta9ly h done mis*ief4 ,besides1 x 0 object$ aga9/ ! fir/ lion1 t he re>$ himself s high ^u 8 h9d] paws1 & walk$ 9 s erect a po/ure1 t he look$ m l an old man ?an a lion4 ,sid5ote3 ,,nicol9i ,,& ,,! ,,lion4 ,! second lion 0 a tailor by trade1 :o belong$ to ! play-h\se1 & _h ! "* ( a mild & peaceable man 9 8 pr(ession4 ,if ! =m] 0 too furi\s1 ?is 0 too %eepi% = 8 "p2 insomu* t aft] a %ort mode/ walk ^u ! /age1 he w\ld fall at ! fir/ t\* ( ,hydaspes1 )\t grappl+ ) him1 & giv+ him an opportunity ( %[+ 8 v>iety ( ,italian trips4 ,x is said1 inde$1 t he once gave him a rip 9 8 fle% col\r d\blet2 b ?is 0 only to make "w = himself1 9 8 private "* ( a tailor4 ,i mu/ n omit t x 0 ?is second lion :o treat$ me ) s mu* humanity beh9d ! sc5es4 ,! act+ lion at pres5t is1 z ,i am in=m$1 a c\ntry g5tleman :o does x = 8 div]sion1 b desires 8 "n may be conceal$4 ,he says1 v h&somely1 9 8 own excuse1 t he does n act = ga92 t he indulges an innoc5t pleasure 9 x2 & t x is bett] to pass away an ev5+ 9 ?is mann]1 ?an 9 gam+ & dr9k+2 b at ! same "t says1 ) a v agreeable raill]y ^u himself1 & t if 8 "n %\ld be kn[n1 ! ill-natur$ _w might call him '! ass 9 ! lion's sk94' ,?is g5tleman's temp] is made out ( su* a happy mixture ( ! mild & ! *ol]ic1 t he outdoes bo? 8 pr$ecessors1 & has drawn toge!r great] audi5ces ?an h be5 kn[n 9 ! memory ( man4 ,i mu/ n conclude my n>rative )\t tak+ notice ( a gr\ndless report t has be5 rais$ to a g5tleman's disadvantage1 ( :om ,i mu/ decl>e myself an admir]2 namely1 t ,signior ,nicol9i & ! lion h be5 sitt+ peaceably by "o ano!r1 & smok+ a pipe toge!r1 beh9d ! sc5es2 by :i* _! enemies w\ld ins9uate1 x is b a %am combat :i* !y repres5t ^u ! /age2 b ^u enquiry ,i f9d1 t if any su* correspond5ce has pass$ betwe5 !m1 x 0 n till ! combat 0 ov]1 :5 ! lion 0 to be look$ ^u z dead1 accord+ to ! receiv$ rules ( ! drama4 ,besides1 ?is is :at is practis$ e day 9 ,we/m9/] ,hall1 :]e no?+ is m usual ?an to see a c\ple ( lawy]s1 :o h be5 te>+ ea* o!r to pieces 9 ! c\rt1 embrac+ "o ano!r4 ,i w\ld n be ?\ght1 9 any "p ( ?is relation1 to reflect ^u ,signior ,nicol9i1 :o1 9 act+ ?is "p1 only complies ) ! wret*$ ta/e ( 8 audi5ce2 he kn[s v well t ! lion has _m m admir]s ?an himself2 z !y say ( ! fam\s eque/rian /atue on ! ,pont ,neuf at ,p>is1 t m p g to see ! horse ?an ! k+ :o sits ^u x4 ,on ! contr>y1 x gives me a j indignation to see a p]son ^: action gives new maje/y to k+s1 resolution to h]oes1 & s(tness to lov]s1 ?us s9k+ f ! greatness ( 8 behavi\r1 & degrad$ into ! "* ( a ,london 'pr5tice4 ,i h (t5 wi%$ t our trag$ians w\ld copy aft] ?is great ma/] 9 action4 ,c\ld !y make ! same use ( _! arms & legs1 & in=m _! faces ) z significant looks & passions1 h[ glori\s w\ld an ,engli% trag$y appe> ) t action :i* is capable ( giv+ dignity to ! =c$ ?\ghts1 cold conceits1 & unnatural expressions ( an ,italian ,op]a6 ,9 ! meantime1 ,i h relat$ ?is combat ( ! lion1 to %[ :at are at pres5t ! reign+ ent]ta9m5ts ( ! polit] "p ( ,great ,brita94 ,sid5ote3 ,,r9aldo ,,& ,,! ,,sp>r[s4 ,b ! op]atic ye> ( #agaj is rem>kable = some?+ m ?an ! production ( ,almahide & ,hydaspes2 = 9 #agaj ,h&el arriv$ 9 ,engl&1 & ! ye> aft] br\ght out 8 ,r9aldo1 ! fir/ ( ! ?irty-five op]as :i* he gave to ! ,engli% /age4 ,= ,h&el we are indebt$ to ,hanov]4 ,x 0 at ,hanov] t ! ,engli% noblem5 :o invit$ him to ,london fir/ met ! great compos]2 & x 0 ! ,elector ( ,hanov]1 aft]w>ds ,george ,i41 :o grant$ him p]mission to come1 & :o :5 he 9 8 turn arriv$ 9 ,engl& to assume ! cr[n1 add$ consid]ably to ! p5sion :i* ,que5 ,anne _h already grant$ to ! =m] *apel-ma/] ( ! ,hanov]ian c\rt4 ,9 #agaj ! director ( ! !atre 9 ! ,haym>ket 0 ,a>on ,hill1 :o no soon] he>d ( ,h&el's arrival 9 ,london ?an he w5t to him1 & reque/$ him to compose an op]a = 8 e/abli%m5t4 ,h&el cons5t$1 & ,hill furni%$ him ) a plan1 sket*$ out by himself1 on ! subject ( ,r9aldo & ,armida 9 ,tasso's ,j]usalem ,deliv]$1 ! writ+ ( ! libretto be+ entru/$ to an ,italian poet ( "s note nam$ ,rossi4 ,9 ! adv]tisem5ts ( ?is op]a ,h&el's "n does n appe>2 n at lea/ 9 t :i* calls att5tion to its fir/ repres5tation & :i* simply sets =? t at ! ,que5's ,!atre 9 ! ,haym>ket w be p]=m$ a new op]a call$ ,r9aldo4 ,x 0 9 ,r9aldo t ! celebrat$ op]atic sp>r[s made _! fir/ appe>ance on ! /age--) :at success may be ga!r$ f ! foll[+ notice ( _! p]=mance1 :i* ,i extract f ,no4 #e ( ! ,spectator4 ,z ,i 0 walk+ 9 ! /reets ab\t a =tnight ago1 says ,addison1 ,i saw an ord9>y fell[ c>ry+ a cage full ( little birds ^u 8 %\ld]2 & z ,i 0 wond]+ ) myself :at use he w\ld put !m to1 he 0 met v luckily by an acqua9tance1 :o _h ! same curiosity4 ,^u 8 ask+ him :at he _h ^u 8 %\ld]1 he told him t he _h be5 buy+ sp>r[s = ! op]a4 ',sp>r[s1 = ! op]a1' says 8 fri5d1 lick+ 8 lips1 ',:at6 are !y to be roa/$8' ',no1 no1' says ! o!r1 '!y are to ent] t[>ds ! end ( ! fir/ act1 & to fly ab\t ! /age4' ,sid5ote3 ,,r9aldo ,,& ,,! ,,sp>r[s4 ,?is /range dialogue wak5$ my curiosity s f> t ,i imm$iately b\ght ! op]a1 by :i* means ,i p]ceiv$ ! sp>r[s 7 to act ! "p ( s++ birds 9 a delightful grove1 ?\gh ^u a ne>] inquiry ,i f\nd ! sp>r[s put ! same trick ^u ! audi5ce t ,sir ,m>t9 ,m>-all practis$ ^u 8 mi/ress2 = ?\gh !y flew 9 sight1 ! music proce$$ f a conc]t ( flageolets & bird-calls1 :i* 7 plant$ beh9d ! sc5es4 ,at ! same "t ,i made ?is discov]y1 ,i f\nd by ! disc\rse ( ! actors1 t !re 7 great designs on foot = ! improvem5t ( ! ,op]a2 t x _h be5 propos$ to break d[n a "p ( ! wall1 & to surprise ! audi5ce ) a p>ty ( a hundr$ horse2 & t !re 0 actually a project ( br++ ! ,new ,riv] into ! h\se1 to be employ$ 9 jetteaus & wat]works4 ,?is project1 z ,i h s9ce he>d1 is po/pon$ till ! summ] season1 :5 x is ?\ght t ! coolness :i* proce$s f f\nta9s & cascades w be m acceptable & refre%+ to p ( quality4 ,9 ! meantime1 to f9d out a m agreeable ent]ta9m5t = ! w9t] season1 ! op]a ( ,r9aldo is fill$ ) ?und] & lightn+1 illum9ations1 & fireworks2 :i* ! audi5ce may look ^u )\t cat*+ cold1 & inde$ )\t mu* dang] ( be+ burnt2 = !re are sev]al eng9es fill$ ) wat]1 & ready to play at a m9ute's w>n+1 9 case any su* accid5t %\ld happ54 ,h[ev]1 z ,i h a v great fri5d%ip = ! own] ( ?is !atre1 ,i hope t he has be5 wise en\gh to insure 8 h\se be=e he w\ld let ?is op]a be act$ 9 x4 ,b to return to ! sp>r[s4 ,!re h be5 s _m flights ( !m let loose 9 ?is op]a1 t x is fe>$ ! h\se w nev] get rid ( !m2 & t 9 o!r plays !y may make _! entrance 9 v wrong & improp] sc5es1 s z to be se5 fly+ 9 a lady's b$*amb]1 or p]*+ ^u a k+'s ?rone2 besides ! inconv5i5ces :i* ! heads ( ! audi5ce may sometimes suff] f !m4 ,i am cr$ibly in=m$1 t !re 0 once a design ( ca/+ into an op]a ! /ory ( ',:itt+ton & 8 ,cat1' & t 9 ord] to x !re _h be5 set toge!r a great quantity ( mice1 b ,mr4 ,ri*1 ! proprietor ( ! playh\se1 v prud5tly consid]$ t x w\ld be impossible = ! cat to kill !m all1 & t consequ5tly ! pr9ces ( ! /age might be z mu* infe/$ ) mice z ! pr9ce ( ! isl& 0 be=e ! cat's arrival ^u x1 = :i* reason he w\ld n p]mit x to be act$ 9 8 h\se4 ,&1 inde$1 ,i _c blame him2 = z he said v well ^u t occasion1 ',i d n he> t any ( ! p]=m]s 9 our op]a pret5d to equal ! fam\s pi$ pip] :o made all ! mice ( a great t[n 9 ,g]many foll[ 8 music1 & by t means cle>$ ! place ( ^? noxi\s little animals4' ,be=e ,i dismiss ?is pap]1 ,i mu/ in=m my read] t ,i he> t !re is a treaty on foot betwe5 ,london & ,wise1#ag 7:o w be appo9t$ g>d5]s ( ! playh\se7 to furni% ! op]a ( ,r9aldo & ,armida ) an orange grove2 & t ! next "t x is act$ ! s++ birds w be imp]sonat$ by tom tits3 ! und]tak]s be+ resolv$ to sp>e nei!r pa9s nor money = ! gratification ( _! audi5ce4 ,sid5ote3 ,,hamlet ,,set ,,to ,,music4 ,/eele1 9 ,no4 #ad ( ! ,spectator1 tells u t--,! sp>r[s & *aff9*es at ! ,haym>ket fly1 z yet1 v irregul>ly ov] ! /age2 & in/ead ( p]*+ on ! trees & p]=m+ _! p>ts1 ^! "y actors ei!r get into ! gall]ies or put out ! c&les1 = :i* & o!r reasons equally good1 he decides t ,mr4 ,p[ell's ,puppet-%[ is pref]able z a place ( ent]ta9m5t to ! ,op]a1 & t ,h&el's ,r9aldo is inf]ior z a production ( art to a puppet-%[ drama4 ,inde$1 ?\gh ,/eele1 9 ! ,tatl]1 & ,addison 9 ! ,spectator1 h said v civil ?+s ab\t ,nicol9i1 nei!r ( !m appe>s to h be5 impress$ 9 ! slighte/ degree by ,h&el's music1 nor does x ev5 seem to h occurr$ to !m t ! compos]'s %>e 9 produc+ an op]a 0 by any means consid]able4 ,/eele1 ?\ght ! ,op]a a decid$ly un9tellectual ent]ta9m5t 7h[ mu* purely intellectual enjoym5t is !re1 we wond]1 9 ! pleasure d]iv$ f ! contemplation ( a virg91 by ,raphael1 & :at is ! mean+ 9 criticis+ art ( look+ at x m]ely 9 its intellectual aspect872 b he at ! same "t be>s te/imony to ! high 7/hetic7 gratification he d]iv$ f ! p]=mance ( ,nicol9i1 :o by ! grace & propriety ( 8 action & ge/ure1 does hon\r to ! human figure1 & :o sets (f ! "* he be>s 9 an op]a by 8 action z mu* z he does ! words ( x by 8 voice4#ah ,9 #agaa1 9 addition to ,h&el's ,r9aldo1 ,antio*us1 an op]a1 by ,apo/olo ,z5o & ,gasp>9i1 0 p]=m$1 & ab\t ! same "t1 or soon aft]w>ds1 ,ambleto1 by ! same au?or & compos]1 0 br\ght out4 ,if we smile at ,signor ,v]di = attempt+ to turn ,macbe? into an op]a1 :at are we to say to ,z5o's & ,gasp>9i's exp]im5t ) ! f> m unsuitable trag$y ( ,hamlet8 ,9 ,macbe?1 ! songs & *oruses ( wit*es1 ! banquet ) ! app>ition ( ! murd]$ ,banquo1 & above all1 ! sleep-walk+ sc5e might well inspire a compos] ( g5ius2 b a ,hamlet )\t philosophy1 or1 worse /ill1 a ,hamlet :o se>*es 8 own s\l to or*e/ral accompanim5ts--?is mu/ inde$ be absurd4 ,i le>n f ,dr4 ,burney1 t ,ambleto 0 writt5 = ,v5ice1 t x 0 repres5t$ at ! ,que5's ,!atre1 9 ,london1 & t ! ov]ture _h f\r movem5ts end+ ) a jig6 ,an ov]ture to ,hamlet end+ ) a jig6 ,to ?9k t ?is 0 tol]at$1 & t we are %ock$ 9 ! pres5t day by burlesques put =? z su*6 ,! ,spectator1 :ile app>5tly keep+ a %>p look out = all t is ridicul\s1 or t c be repres5t$ z ridicul\s 9 ! op]atic p]=mances ( ! day1 has n a ^w to say aga9/ ,ambleto4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t s9ce ,milton's "t1 ,nature's sweete/ *ild _h ceas$ to be appreciat$ 9 ,engl& ev5 by ! mo/ e/eem$ writ]s--:o1 h[ev]1 = ! mo/ "p1 if !y 7 n good critics1 c\ld claim no lit]>y m]it beyond t ( /yle4 ,9 a pap] on ,milton1 "o ( ^: noble/ sonnets is 9 praise ( ,%akespe>e1 ,addison1 aft] %[+ h[1 by c]ta9 v]bal exp$i5ts1 ba?os may be avoid$ & sublimity atta9$1 calmly po9ts to ! works ( ,lee & ,%akespe>e z af=d+ in/ances ( ! false sublime#ai1 add+ coolly t1 9 ^! au?ors ! affectation ( greatness (t5 hurts ! p]spicuity ( ! /yle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,?ree ,,enrag$ ,,musicians4 ,i h spok5 ( ,/eele's & ,clayton's con/]nation1 at ! success ( ,r9aldo4 ,"s mon?s aft] ! production ( t "w1 ! despicable ,clayton1 support$ by two musicians nam$ ,nicol9o ,haym1 & ,*>les ,dieup>t1 7:o 7 becom+ly indignant at a =eign] l ,h&el presum+ to ent]ta9 a ,briti% audi5ce71 wrote a lett] to ! ,spectator1 :i* ,/eele publi%$ 9 ,no4 #beh ( t j\rnal1 introduc+ x by a preface1 full ( wisdom1 9 :i* x is set =? t pleasure & recreation ( "o k9d or o!r are absolutely necess>y to relieve our m9ds & bodies f too con/ant att5tion & lab\r1 & t1 :]e public div]sions are tol]at$1 x behoves p]sons ( di/9ction1 ) _! p[] & example1 to preside ov] !m 9 su* a mann] z to *eck any?+ t t5ds to ! corruption ( mann]s1 or :i* is too mean or trivial = ! ent]ta9m5t ( reasonable creatures4 ,! lett] f ! enrag$ musicians is describ$ z com+ f ?ree p]sons :o1 z soon z nam$1 w be ?\ght capable ( advanc+ ! pres5t /ate ( music--t is to say1 ( sup]s$+ ,h&el4 ,b ! same p]v]se public1 :i* 9 spite ( ! ,spectator's remon/rances1 pref]r$ ,r9aldo to translat$ ,rac9e1 p]si/$ 9 admir+ ,h&el's music1 & 9 pay+ no he$ :atev] to ! cacophony ( ,clayton4 ,"h is ! lett] f ! ?ree mis]able musica/]s to _! patron & fell[-conspirator4 ,we1 ^: names are subscrib$1 ?9k y ! prop]e/ p]son to signify :at we h to (f] ! t[n 9 behalf ( ourselves1 & ! art :i* we pr(ess1--music4 ,we conceive hopes ( y\r fav\r f ! speculations on ! mi/akes :i* ! t[n run into ) reg>d to _! pleasure ( ?is k9d2 & believ+ y\r me?od ( judg+ is1 t y consid] music only valuable1 z x is agreeable to & height5s ! purpose ( poetry1 we cons5t t x is n only ! true way ( reli%+ t pleasure1 b also t )\t x a composure ( music is ! same ?+ z a poem1 :]e all ! rules ( poetical numb]s are obs]v$1 ?\gh ! words h no s5se or mean+2 to say x %ort]1 m]e musical s\nds 9 our art are no o!r ?an nons5se-v]ses are 9 poetry4 ,a beautiful melody !n1 ap>t f words1 said no m to ^! musicians1 & to ! patron ^: idiotic !ory !y are s pr\d to h adopt$ ?an a set ( nons5se-v]ses6 ,music1 !re=e1 is to aggravate :at is int5d$ by poetry2 x mu/ always h "s passion or s5tim5t to express1 or else viol9s1 voices1 or any o!r organs ( s\nd1 af=d an ent]ta9m5t v little above ! rattles ( *ildr54 ,x 0 f ?is op9ion ( ! matt]1 t :5 ,mr4 ,clayton _h f9i%$ 8 /udies 9 ,italy1 & br\ght ov] ! ,op]a ( ,ars9oe1 t ,mr4 ,haym & ,mr4 ,dieup>t1 :o _h ! hon\r to be well-kn[n & receiv$ among ! nobility & g5try1 7 zeal\sly incl9$ to assi/1 by _! solicitations1 9 introduc+ s elegant an ent]ta9m5t1 z ! ,italian music graft$ ^u ,engli% poetry4 ,su* poetry1 = in/ance1 z ,sid5ote3 ,,?ree ,,enrag$ ,,musicians4 ,guide me1 lead me1 ,:]e ! nymph :om ,i adore :i* occurr$ 9 ,clayton's ,ars9oe--,haym1 x may be rememb]$1 0 ! +5i\s musician :o arrang$ ,pyrrhus & ,demetrius = ! ,anglo-,italian /age1 :5 half ( ! music 0 sung 9 "o language1 & half 9 ! o!r4 ,= ?is end1 cont9ue ! preci\s trio1 ,mr4 ,dieup>t & ,mr4 ,haym1 accord+ to _! sev]al opportunities1 promot$ ! introduction ( ,ars9oe1 & did x to ! be/ advantage s great a novelty w\ld all[4 ,x is n prop] to tr\ble y ) p>ticul>s ( ! j compla9ts we all ( u h to make2 b s x is t )\t reg>d to our oblig+ pa9s1 we are all equally set aside 9 ! pres5t op]a4 ,our application1 !re=e1 to y is only to ins]t ?is lett] 9 y\r pap]1 t ! t[n may "k we h all ?ree jo9$ toge!r to make ent]ta9m5ts ( music = ! future at ,mr4 ,clayton's h\se1 9 ,york ,build+s4 ,:at we promise ourselves is1 to make a subscription ( two gu9eas1 = eight times1 & t ! ent]ta9m5t1 ) ! names ( ! au?ors ( ! poetry1 may be pr9t$1 to be sold 9 ! h\se1 ) an acc\nt ( ! sev]al au?ors ( ! vocal z well z ! in/rum5tal music = ea* night2 ! money to be paid at ! receipt ( ! tickets1 at ,mr4 ,*>les ,lulli's4 ,x w1 we hope1 sir1 be easily all[$ t we are capable ( und]tak+ to exhibit1 by our jo9t =ce & diff]5t qualifications1 all t c be done 9 music h[ *>m+ly mode/6 b le/ y %\ld ?9k s dry a ?+ z an acc\nt ( our proposal %\ld be a matt] unwor?y ( y\r pap]1 :i* g5]ally conta9s some?+ ( public use1 give u leave to say1 t fav\r+ our design is no less ?an reviv+ an art1 :i* runs to ru9 by ! utmo/ b>b>ism "u an affectation ( k4 ,we aim at e/abli%+ "s settl$ notion ( :at is music1 at recov]+ f neglect & want v _m families :o dep5d ^u x1 at mak+ all =eign]s :o pret5d to succe$ 9 ,engl& to le>n ! language ( x z we ourselves h done1 & n be s insol5t z to expect a :ole nation1 a ref9$ & le>n$ nation1 %\ld submit to le>n !irs4 ,9 a ^w1 ,mr4 ,spectator1 ) all def]5ce & humility1 we hope to behave ourselves 9 ?is und]tak+ 9 su* a mann]1 t all ,engli%m5 :o h any skill 9 music may be fur!r$ 9 x = _! pr(it or div]sion by :at new ?+s we %all produce2 nev] pret5d+ to surpass o!rs1 or ass]t+ t any?+ :i* is a sci5ce is n atta9able by all m5 ( all nations :o h prop] g5ius = x4 ,we say1 sir1 :at we hope =1 x is n expect$ w arrive to u by contemn+ o!rs1 b ?r\gh ! utmo/ dilig5ce recomm5d+ ourselves4 ,poor ,clayton seems1 "h & !re1 to h really fanci$ t x 0 8 mission to put d[n ,h&el1 & /uck to him = "s "t 9 mo/ p]t9aci\s /yle4 ,"o is rem9d$ ( ! writ] :o endeav\r$ to turn ,wilhelm ,mei/] into ridicule1 & ( ! epigram :i* t attempt sugge/$ to ,goe!1 end+3-- ,hat do* die ,wallfis* se9e ,laus4 ,sid5ote3 ,,?ree ,,enrag$ ,,musicians4 ,b ,clayton 0 really a creator1 & propos$ no?+ less ?an to revive an art :i* 0 runn+ to ru9 by ! utmo/ b>b>ism "u an affectation ( k4 ,"o w\ld h ?\ght t ?is 0 go+ a little too f>4 ,h&el affect+ k--,h&el a b>b>ian8 ,surely ,/eele 9 giv+ ! sanction ( 8 "n to su* ass]tions z ^!1 puts himself 9 a l[] position ev5 ?an ,voltaire utt]+ 8 celebrat$ dictum ab\t ! g5ius ( ,%akespe>e2 = aft] all1 ,voltaire 0 ! fir/ ,fr5*man to discov] any beauties 9 ,%akespe>e at all1 & x 0 9 def5d+ him aga9/ ! /upid prejudices ( ,lah>pe t he made use ( ! un=tunate expression ) :i* he has s (t5 be5 reproa*$1 & :i* he put =w>d 9 ! =m ( a concession to 8 adv]s>y4 ,clayton & 8 second fiddles return$ to ! attack a few weeks aft]w>ds 7,janu>y #ah?1 #agab74 ,x is indu/ri\sly ins9uat$1 !y compla9$1 t our int5tion is to de/roy op]as 9 g5]al1 b we beg ( y 7t is to say1 ! ,spectator1 z repres5t$ by ,/eele1 :o signs ! numb] ) 8 ,t7 to ins]t ?is explanation ( ourselves 9 y\r pap]4 ,our purpose is only to improve our circum/ances by improv+ ! art :i* we pr(ess ! knaves are gett+ c&id4 ,we see x utt]ly de/roy$ at pres5t1 & z we 7 ! p]sons :o introduc$ op]as1 we ?9k x a gr\ndless imputation t we %\ld set up aga9/ ! ,op]a itself1 c41 c4 ,:at became ( ,clayton1 ,haym1 & ,dieup>t1 & _! speculation1 ,i d n "k1 nor d ,i ?9k t any "o c c>e4 ,at all ev5ts1 ev5 ) ! assi/ance ( ,/eele & ! ,spectator !y did n ext+ui% ,h&el4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ vocali/ at ! !atre 9 ! ,haym>ket1 f ! arrival ( ,h&el 9 ,engl& until aft] ! =mation ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 9 #agbj1 0 ,ana/asia ,rob9son1 a contralto1 :o 0 rem>kable z mu* = h] graceful act+ z = h] expressive s++4 ,%e made h] fir/ appe>ance 9 a pa/iccio call$ ,creso1 9 #agad1 & cont9u$ s++ 9 ! op]as ( ,h&el & o!r compos]s until #agbd1 :5 %e contract$ a private m>riage ) ! ,e>l ( ,pet]bor\gh & retir$ f ! /age4 ,lady ,delany1 an intimate fri5d ( ,lady ,pet]bor\gh1 communicat$ ! foll[+ acc\nt ( h] m>riage & ! circum/ances "u :i* x 0 made1 to ,dr4 ,burney1 :o publi%es x 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,music4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ana/asia ,,rob9son4 ,mrs4 ,ana/asia ,rob9son 0 ( middl+ /ature1 n h&some1 b ( a pleas+1 mode/ c\nt5ance1 ) l>ge blue eyes4 ,h] deportm5t 0 easy1 unaffect$1 & graceful4 ,h] mann] & address v engag+1 & h] behavi\r on all occasions t ( a g5tlewoman1 ) p]fect propriety4 ,%e 0 n only lik$ by all h] acqua9tance1 b lov$ & c>ess$ by p]sons ( ! highe/ rank1 ) :om %e appe>$ always equal1 )\t assum+4 ,h] fa!r's h\se1 9 ,gold5 ,squ>e 0 frequ5t$ by all ! m5 ( g5ius & ref9$ ta/e ( ! times4 ,among ! numb] ( p]sons ( di/9ction :o frequ5t$ ,mr4 ,rob9son's h\se1 & seem$ to di/+ui% 8 daught] 9 a p>ticul> mann]1 7 ! ,e>l ( ,pet]bor\gh & ,g5]al ,h--4 ,! latt] _h %[n a long atta*m5t to h]1 & 8 att5tions 7 s rem>kable t !y seem$ m ?an ! effects ( common polit5ess2 & z he 0 a v agreeable man1 & 9 good circum/ances1 he 0 fav\rably receiv$1 n d\bt+ b t 8 int5tions 7 hon\rable4 ,a decl>ation ( a v contr>y nature 0 treat$ ) ! contempt x des]v$1 ?\gh ,mrs4 ,rob9son 0 v mu* prepossess$ 9 8 fav\r4 ,soon aft] ?is1 ,"l ,pet]bor\gh endeav\r$ to conv9ce h] ( 8 p>tial reg>d = h]2 b1 agreeable & artful z he 01 %e rema9$ v mu* ^u h] gu>d1 :i* r increas$ ?an dim9i%$ 8 admiration & passion = h]4 ,yet /ill 8 pride /ruggl$ ) 8 incl9ation1 = all ?is "t %e 0 engag$ to s+ 9 public1 a circum/ance v griev\s to h]2 b1 urg$ by ! be/ ( motives1 %e submitt$ to x1 9 ord] to assi/ h] p>5ts1 ^: =tune 0 mu* r$uc$ by ,mr4 ,rob9son's loss ( sight1 :i* depriv$ him ( ! b5efit ( 8 pr(ession z a pa9t]4 ,at l5g? ,"l ,pet]bor\gh made 8 decl>ation to h] on hon\rable t]ms4 ,he f\nd x w\ld be 9 va9 to make proposals on any o!r1 & z he omitt$ no circum/ance t c\ld engage h] e/eem & gratitude1 %e accept$ !m4 ,he e>ne/ly reque/$ h] keep+ x a secret till a m conv5i5t "t = him to make x kn[n1 to :i* %e readily cons5t$1 hav+ a p]fect confid5ce 9 8 hon\r4 ,mrs4 ,a4 ,rob9son _h a si/]1 a v pretty accompli%$ woman1 :o m>ri$ ,d',arbu?not's bro!r4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,mr4 ,rob9son1 ,"l ,pet]bor\gh took a h\se ne> ,fulham1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( 8 own villa at ,p>son's-gre51 :]e he settl$ ,mrs4 ,rob9son & h] "m4 ,!y nev] liv$ "u ! same ro(1 till ! e>l1 be+ seiz$ ) a viol5t fit ( illness1 solicit$ h] to att5d him at ,m\nt ,bevis1 ne> ,s\?ampton1 :i* %e refus$ ) firmness1 b ^u condition t1 ?\gh /ill d5i$ to take 8 "n1 %e might be p]mitt$ to we> h] w$d+-r+2 to :i*1 f9d+ h] inexorable1 he at l5g? cons5t$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ana/asia ,,rob9son4 ,8 haughty _s 0 /ill reluctant to ! mak+ a decl>ation t w\ld h done ju/ice to s wor?y a "* z ! p]son to :om he 0 n[ unit$2 & inde$ 8 uncontrollable temp] & high op9ion ( 8 own actions made him a v awful husb&1 ill suit$ to ,lady ,pet]bor\gh's good s5se1 amiable temp]1 & delicate s5tim5ts4 ,%e 0 a ,roman ,ca?olic1 b nev] gave (f5ce to ^? ( a contr>y op9ion1 ?\gh v /rict 9 :at %e ?\ght h] duty4 ,h] excell5t pr9ciples & =titude ( m9d support$ h] ?r\gh _m sev]e trials 9 h] conjugal /ate4 ,b at la/ he prevail$ on himself to d h] ju/ice1 in/igat$1 x is suppos$ by 8 bad /ate ( heal?1 :i* oblig$ him to seek ano!r climate1 & %e absolutely refus$ to g ) him unless he decl>$ 8 m>riage4 ,h] att5dance on him 9 ?is illness ne>ly co/ h] h] life4 ,he appo9t$ a day = all 8 ne>e/ relations to meet him at ! ap>tm5t ov] ! gateway ( ,/4 ,james's palace1 belong+ to ,mr4 ,poyntz1 :o 0 m>ri$ to ,"l ,pet]bor\gh's niece1 & at t "t preceptor ( ,pr9ce ,william1 aft]w>ds ,duke ( ,cumb]l&4 ,he also appo9t$ ,lady ,pet]bor\gh to be !re at ! same "t4 ,:5 !y 7 all assembl$1 he began a mo/ eloqu5t oration1 enum]at+ all ! virtues & p]fections ( ,mrs4 ,a4 ,rob9son1 & ! rectitude ( h] conduct dur+ 8 long acqua9tance ) h]1 = :i* he ackn[l$g$ 8 great obligation & s9c]e atta*m5t1 decl>+ he 0 det]m9$ to d h] t ju/ice :i* he ought to h done long ago1 :i* 0 pres5t+ h] to all 8 family z 8 wife4 ,he spoke ?is h>angue ) s mu* en]gy1 & 9 p>ts s pa!tically1 t ,lady ,pet]bor\gh1 n be+ appris$ ( 8 int5tions1 0 s affect$ t %e fa9t$ away 9 ! mid/ ( ! company4 ,aft] ,"l ,pet]bor\gh's dea?1 %e liv$ a v retir$ life1 *iefly at ,m\nt ,bevis1 & 0 seldom prevail$ on to leave t habitation b by ! ,du*ess ( ,portl&1 :o 0 always happy to h h] company at ,bul/rode1 :5 %e c\ld obta9 x1 & (t5 visit$ h] at h] own h\se4 ,among ,"l ,pet]bor\gh's pap]s1 %e f\nd 8 memoirs1 writt5 by himself1 9 :i* he decl>$ he _h be5 guilty ( su* actions z w\ld h reflect$ v mu* ^u 8 "*1 = :i* reason %e burnt !m4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 contribut$ to complete ! excell5cy ( h] pr9ciples1 ?\gh x did n fail giv+ (f5ce to ! curi\s inquir]s aft] anecdotes ( s rem>kable a "* z t ( ! ,e>l ( ,pet]bor\gh4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ducal ,,connoisseurs4 ,! des]v$ good =tune ( ,ana/asia ,rob9son rem9ds me ( ! c>e]s ( two o!r vocali/s ( ?is p]iod1 "o ( !m ow$ h] elevation to a =tunate accid5t2 :ile ! ?ird1 ?\gh %e ent]$ ^u ! same possible road to ! pe]age z ! second1 yet nev] atta9$ x4 ,! ,duke ( ,bolton1 says ,swift1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 has run away ) ,polly ,pea*um1 hav+ settl$ f\r hundr$ a ye> on h] dur+ pleasure1 & ^u disagreem5t1 two hundr$ m4 ,?is 0 ! *>m+ ,lav9ia ,f5ton1 ! orig9al ,polly ( ! ,begg>s' ,op]a1 betwe5 :om & ! ,duke ! disagreem5t anticipat$ by ! amiable ,swift nev] took place4 ,tw5ty-?ree ye>s aft] ! elopem5t1 ! ,duke's wife di$1 & ,lav9ia !n became ! ,du*ess ( ,bolton4 ,%e 01 accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 ( h] by ,dr4 ,joseph ,w>ton1 a v accompli%$ & mo/ agreeable companion2 _h mu* wit1 good /rong s5se1 & a j ta/e 9 polite lit]ature4 ,h] p]son 0 agreeable & well made1 cont9ues ,dr4 ,w>ton1 ?\gh ,i ?9k %e nev] c\ld be call$ a beauty4 ,i h _h ! pleasure ( be+ at table ) h]1 :5 h] conv]sation 0 mu* admir$ by ! fir/ "* ( ! age1 p>ticul>ly by old ,"l ,ba?ur/ & ,"l ,granville4 ,! beautiful ,miss ,campion1 :o 0 s++ ab\t ! same "t z ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 & :o di$ 9 #agjf1 :5 %e 0 only eighte51 did n become ! ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire2 b ! he>t-brok5 old ,duke1 :o appe>s to h be5 mo/ f]v5tly atta*$ to h]1 buri$ h] 9 8 family vault 9 ! *ur* ( ,latim]s1 ,buck+ham%ire1 & plac$ a ,lat9 inscription on h] monum5t1 te/ify+ t %e 0 wise beyond h] ye>s1 & b\ntiful to ! poor ev5 beyond h] abilities2 & at ! !atre1 :]e %e _h "s times act$1 mode/ & pure2 b be+ seiz$ ) a hectic fev]1 %e _h submitt$ to h] fate ) a firm confid5ce & ,*ri/ian piety2 & t ,william1 ,duke ( ,devon%ire1 _h1 ^u h] belov$ rema9s1 erect$ ?is tomb z sacr$ to h] memory4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,italian ,,op]a ,,"u ,,h&el4 ,h&el at ,hamburgh4--,h&el 9 ,london4--,! ,que5's ,!atre4--,! ,royal ,academy ( ,music4--,op]atic ,feuds4--,porpora & ! ,nobility's ,op]a4 ,! great dates ( ,h&el's c>e] z an op]atic compos] & director are3-- #agaa1 :5 he produc$ ,r9aldo1 8 fir/ op]a1 at ! ,que5's ,!atre1 9 ! ,haym>ket2 #agbj1 :5 ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music 0 e/abli%$ "u 8 managem5t at ! same !atre1 7:i*1 ) ! accession ( ,george ,i41 _h become ! ,k+'s72 #agcd1 :5 9 comm5c+ ! season at ! ,k+'s ,!atre ) a new company1 he _h to cont5d aga9/ ! ,nobility's ,op]a j op5$ at ! ,!atre 9 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 "u ! direction ( ,porpora2 #agce1 :5 he mov$ to ,cov5t ,g>d51 ,porpora & la nobilita ,britannica go+ at ! same "t to ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,sid5ote3 ,,h&el ,,at ,,hamburgh4 ,bo? op]as fail$ 9 #agcg1 & ,h&el !n w5t back to ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 = :i* he wrote 8 la/ op]a ,deidamia 9 #agdj4 ,( ,h&el's arrival 9 ,engl&1 & ( ! mann] 9 :i* 8 fir/ op]a 0 receiv$1 ,i h spok5 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,( 8 previ\s life 9 ,g]many b little is record$2 inde$1 he left t c\ntry at ! age ( tw5ty-five4 ,x is kn[n1 h[ev]1 t he 0 = "s "t engag$ at ! ,hamburgh !atre1 :]e op]as _h be5 p]=m$ 9 ! ,g]man language s9ce #afgh4 ,r9ucc9i's ,dafne1 set to music by ,s*utz1 0 repres5t$1 z has be5 already m5tion$1 at ,dresd5 9 #afbg1 7or accord+ to o!r acc\nts #afcj72 b ?is 0 a private affair 9 hon\r ( a c\rt m>riage1 & ! fir/ op]a produc$ 9 ,g]many 9 public1 & 9 ! ,g]man language1 0 ,?iele's ,adam & ,eve1 :i* 0 giv5 at ,hamburgh 9 #afgh4 ,! reputation ( ,keis] at ! c\rt ( ,wolf5bttel caus$ ! directors ( ! ,hamburgh ,!atre1 t[>ds ! close ( ! c5tury1 to s5d & (f] him an engagem5t2 he accept$ x1 & 9 ! c\rse ( tw5ty-sev5 ye>s produc$ z _m z "o hundr$ & sixty op]as4 ,mat!son /ates t bo? ,h&el & ,hasse 7:o 0 aft]w>ds director ( ! celebrat$ ,dresd5 ,op]a7 =m$ _! /yles on t ( ,keis]4#bj ,mat!son1 himself a compos]1 succe$$ ,keis] z conductor ( ! or*e/ra at ! ,hamburgh ,!atre1 hold+ t po/1 h[ev]1 conjo9tly ) ,h&el1 ^: qu>rel & duel ) ,mat!son h (t5 be5 relat$4 ,h&el 0 presid+ 9 ! or*e/ra :ile ,mat!son 0 on ! /age p]=m+ 9 an op]a ( 8 own composition4 ,! op]a be+ conclud$1 ,mat!son propos$ to take ,h&el's place at ! h>psi*ord1 :i* ! latt] refus$ to give up4 ,! rival conductors qu>rell$ z !y 7 leav+ ! !atre4 ,! qu>rel l$ to a bl[ & ! bl[ to a fight ) swords 9 ! m>ket place1 :i* 0 t]m9at$ by ,mat!son break+ ! po9t ( 8 sword on "o ( 8 antagoni/'s buttons1 or z o!rs h x1 on ! score ( 8 own op]a1 :i* ,h&el c>ri$ b5ea? 8 coat4 ,h&el w5t f ,hamburgh to ,hanov]1 :]e1 z we h se51 he receiv$ an invitation f "s ,engli% noblem5 to visit ,london1 &1 ) ! p]mission & enc\ragem5t ( ! ,elector1 accept$ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,h&el ,,at ,,hamburgh4 ,h&el's ,r9aldo 0 foll[$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre by 8 ,il ,pa/or ,fido 7#agab71 8 ,teseo 7#agac71 & 8 ,amadigi 7#agae74 ,soon aft] ! production ( ,amadigi1 ! p]=mances at ! ,k+'s ,!atre seem to h ceas$ until #agbj1 :5 ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music 0 =m$4 ,?is s-call$ ,academy 0 ! result ( a project to e/abli% a p]man5t ,italian op]a 9 ,london4 ,x 0 support$ by a numb] ( ! nobility1 ) ,george ,i4 at _! head1 & a fund ( #ej1jjj 0 rais$ among ! subscrib]s1 to :i* ! k+ contribut$ #a1jjj4 ,! managem5t ( ! ,academy 0 entru/$ to a gov]nor1 a deputy gov]nor1 & tw5ty directors1 7:y n to a head ma/] & assi/ants87 & = ! fir/ ye> ! ,duke ( ,newca/le 0 appo9t$ gov]nor2 ,"l ,b+ley1 deputy gov]nor2 :ile among ! directors 7 ! ,dukes ( ,portl& & ,que5sb]ry1 ! ,e>ls ( ,burl+ton1 ,/air & ,waldegrave1 ,lords ,*etwynd & ,/anhope1 ,sir ,john ,vanburgh1 7ar*itect ( ! !atre71 ,g5]als ,dorm]1 ,wade1 & ,hunt]1 c4 ,! worse ?an unmean+ title giv5 to ! new op]a 0 ( c\rse imitat$ f ! ,fr5*2 ! gov]nor1 deputy gov]nor1 & directors be+ d\btless unacqua9t$ ) ! circum/ances "u :i* ! ,fr5* ,op]a receiv$ ! misnom] :i* x /ill reta9s4#ba ,!y might h kn[n1 h[ev]1 t ! ,acadmie ,royale ( ,p>is1 at t "t "u ! direction ( ,rameau1 0 held 9 v little e/eem1 except by ! ,fr5* !mselves1 z an op]atic !atre1 & moreov]1 t ,italian music 0 nev] p]=m$ !re at all4 ,inde$1 = half a c5tury aft]w>ds1 ! ,fr5* execrat$ ,italian music & w\ld n li/5 to ,italian s+]s--:i* gives u "s notion ( :at musical ta/e 9 ,france mu/ h be5 at ! "t ( our ,royal ,academy be+ f\nd$4 ,! title w\ld h be5 absurd ev5 if ! ,fr5* ,op]a _h be5 ! f9e/ 9 ,europe2 z x 0 no?+ ( ! k9d1 & z x 01 moreov]1 sworn to its own native psalmody1 to give su* a title to an ,italian !atre1 support$ by musicians & s+]s ( ! greate/ excell5ce1 0 a triple absurdity4 ,/rangely en\gh1 ev5 9 ! pres5t day1 ! ,am]icans1 z +5i\s z ! ,engli% ( ,george ,i4's reign1 call _! magnific5t ,italian ,op]a ,h\se at ,new ,york ! ,academy ( ,music4 ,z a matt] ( association1 x w\ld be f> m reasonable to call x ! ,/4 ,*>les's ,!atre1 or ! ,scale ,!atre4 ,! musical direction ( our ,royal ,academy ( ,music 0 confid$ to ,h&el1 :o1 besides compos+ = ! !atre himself1 engag$ ,buononc9i & ,ario/i to write = x4 ,he also proce$$ to ,dresd51 already celebrat$ ?r\gh\t ,europe = ! excell5ce ( its ,italian ,op]a1 & engag$ ,s5es9o1 ,b]5/adt1 ,bos*i1 & ,signora ,dura/anti4 ,h&el's fir/ op]a at ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music 0 ,radami/o1 :i* 0 hail$ on its production z its compos]'s ma/]piece4 ,x seems1 says ,dr4 ,burney1 z if he 0 n ins5sible ( its wor?1 z he d$icat$ a book ( ! words to ! k+1 ,george ,i41 subscrib+ himself 8 ,maje/y's 'mo/ fai?ful subject1' :i*1 z he 0 nei!r a ,hanov]ian by bir?1 nor a native ( ,engl&1 seems to imply 8 hav+ be5 naturalis$ "h by a bill 9 ,p>liam5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,academies ,,( ,,music4 ,buononc9i1 7:o1 comp>$ ) ,h&el1 0 a n9ny1 ?\gh o!rs said t to him ,h&el 0 sc>cely fit to hold a c&le1 c47 produc$ 8 fir/ op]a also 9 #agbj4 ,x 0 receiv$ ) mu* fav\r1 & by ! ,buononc9i/s ) en?usiasm4 ,! next op]a 0 ,muzio ,scevola1 compos$ by ,h&el1 ,buononc9i1 & ,ario/i toge!r4 ,x is said t ! task ( jo9t production 0 impos$ ^u ! ?ree musicians by ! ma/]s ( ! ,academy1 by way ( competitive exam9ation1 & ) a view to te/ ! abilities ( ea* 9 a decisive mann]4 ,if !re 7 any gr\nds = believ+ ! /ory1 x might be ask$1 :o among ! directors 7 ?\ght1 or ?\ght !mselves qualifi$ to act z judges 9 s difficult & delicate a matt]4 ,9 ! mean:ile ! op]a ( ! ?ree compos]s did b little good to ! !atre1 :i*1 9 spite ( its admirable company1 0 f\nd a los+ speculation1 aft] a little m ?an a ye>1 to ! ext5t ( #ae1jjj4 ,?irty-five ?\s& p\nds rema9$ to be paid up1 b ! re/ ( ! subscription money 0 n =?com+1 & ! directors 7 unable to obta9 x until aft] !y _h adv]tis$ 9 ! newspap]s t default]s w\ld be proce$$ aga9/ ) ! utmo/ rig\r ( ! law4 ,a new mode ( subscription 0 !n devis$1 by :i* tickets 7 grant$ = ! season ( fifty p]=mances on receipt ( t5 gu9eas d[n1 & an engagem5t to pay five gu9eas m on ! #a/ ( ,febru>y1 & a second five gu9eas on ! #a/ ( ,may4 ,?us orig9at$ ! op]atic subscription li/ :i* has be5 cont9u$ ) c]ta9 modifications1 & ) a few %ort int]vals1 up to ! pres5t day4 ,buononc9i's ,griselda1 :i* passes = 8 be/ op]a1 0 produc$ 9 #agbb1 ) ,ana/asia ,rob9son 9 ! "p ( ! h]o9e4 ,h&el's ,ottone & ,flavio 7 br\ght out 9 #agbc2 8 ,giulio ,ces>e & ,tam]lano 9 #agbd2 8 ,rodel9da 9 #agbe2 8 ,scipione & ,aless&ro 9 #agbf2 8 ,admeto & ,ric>do 9 #agbg2 8 ,siroe & ,tolomeo 9 #agbh--:5 ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 :i* _h be5 c>ri$ on ) v>y+ success1 & on ! :ole ) consid]able ill success1 f9ally clos$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,failure ,,( ,,italian ,,op]a ,,9 ,,london4 ,buononc9i's la/ op]a1 ,a/yanax1 0 produc$ 9 #agbg1 aft] :i* ! ,du*ess ( ,m>lbor\gh1 8 con/ant patroness1 gave ! compos] a p5sion ( five hundr$ a ye>4 ,a few ye>s aft]w>ds1 h[ev]1 he /ole a madrigal1 ! inv5tion ( a ,v5etian nam$ ,lotti1 & ! !ft hav+ be5 discov]$ & cle>ly prov$1 ,buononc9i left ! c\ntry 9 disgrace4 ,simil> !fts are practis$ 9 ! pres5t day1 b ) discretion & ) +5i\sly word$ title pages4 ,buononc9i %\ld h simply call$ 8 plagi>ism a ,v5etian ,madrigal1 d$icat$ to ! ,du*ess ( ,m>lbor\gh by ,g4 ,buononc9i4 ,?is un=tunate compos]1 :om ,swift _h c]ta9ly describ$ 9 a prophetic _s z a n9ny1 left ,engl& 9 #agcc1 ) an ,italian ,c\nt ^: title appe>s to h be5 ab\t z au!ntic z ,buononc9i's madrigal1 & :o pret5d$ to possess ! art ( mak+ gold1 b ab/a9$ f practis+ x o!rwise ?an by sw9dl+4 ,buononc9i 0 = a "t ! dupe ( ?is impo/or4 ,9 ! mean:ile he cont9u$ ! ex]cise ( 8 pr(ession1 at ,p>is1 :]e we lose sight ( him4 ,9 #agdh1 h[ev]1 he w5t to ,vi5na1 & by comm& ( ! ,emp]or compos$ ! music = ! fe/ivities giv5 9 celebration ( ! peace ( ,aix-la-,*apelle4 ,!nce he proce$$ ) ,montecelli1 ! compos]1 to ,v5ice1 :]e ! affair ( ! madrigal 0 probably by ?is "t =gott54 ,at all ev5ts1 no importance 0 atta*$ to x1 & ,buononc9i 0 engag$ to write an op]a = ! ,c>nival4 ,he 0 at ?is "t ne>ly n9ety ye>s ( age4 ,! date ( 8 dea? is n record$1 b ,dr4 ,burney tells u t he is suppos$ to h liv$ till ne>ly a hundr$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,begg>s' ,,op]a4 ,besides ! annual subscriptions1 to ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music ! :ole ( ! orig9al capital ( #ej1jjj 0 sp5t 9 sev5 ye>s4 ,9 spite1 !n1 ( ! admirable works produc$ by ,h&el1 ! unrivall$ company by :i* !y 7 execut$1 & ! imm5se sums ( money lavi%$ ^u ! ent]ta9m5t g5]ally1 ! ,italian ,op]a 9 ,london prov$ 9 #agbh :at x _h prov$ twelve ye>s be=e1 a positive & unmi/akable failure4 ,?is c\ld sc>cely h be5 ow+1 z has be5 surmis$1 to ! viol5ce ( ! disputes conc]n+ ! m]its ( ,h&el & ,buononc9i1 ! compos]s1 or ( ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni1 ! s+]s1 = ! natural effect ( su* conte/s w\ld h be5 to keep up an int]e/ 9 ! p]=mances4 ,probably few at t "t _h any real love = ,italian music4 ,a c]ta9 numb]1 no d\bt1 att5d$ ! ,italian ,op]a = ! sake ( fa%ion1 b ! great] majority ( ! !atre-go+ public 7 q indiff]5t to its *>ms4 ,dr4 ,arbu?not1 "o ( ! few lit]>y m5 ( ! day :o seems to h really c>$ = music1 writes z foll[s1 9 ! ,london ,j\rnal1 "u ! date ( ,m>* #bcrd1 #agbh3--;,z !re is no?+ :i* surprises all true lov]s ( music m ?an ! neglect into :i* ! ,italian op]as are at pres5t fall51 s ,i _c b ?9k x a v extraord9>y in/ance ( ! fickle & incon/ant temp] ( ! ,engli% nation1 a fail+ :i* !y h always be5 endeav\r+ to ca/ ^u _! neighb\rs 9 ,france1 b to :i* !y !mselves h j z good a title1 z w appe> to any "o :o w take ! tr\ble to consult our hi/orians4 ,he po9ts out t aft] adopt+ ! ,italian ,op]a ) eag]ness1 we began1 z soon z we _h obta9$ x 9 p]fection1 to make x a pretext = disputes in/ead ( enjoy+ x1 & concludes t x 0 support$ among u = a "t1 n f g5u9e ta/e1 b simply f fa%ion4 ,he obs]ves t ,! ,begg>s' ,op]a1 !n j produc$1 0 a t\*/one to try ,briti% ta/e on1 & t x has prov$ effectual 9 discov]+ our true incl9ations1 :i*1 h[ev] artfully !y may h be5 disguis$ = a :ile1 w "o "t or ano!r1 />t up & disclose !mselves4 sop's /ory ( ! cat1 :o1 at ! petition ( h] lov]1 0 *ang$ into a f9e woman1 is pretty well kn[n1 not)/&+ :i* alt]ation1 we f9d t ^u ! appe>ance ( a m\se1 %e c\ld n resi/ ! temptation ( spr++ out ( h] husb&'s arms to pursue x1 ?\gh x 0 on ! v w$d+ night4 ,our ,engli% audi5ce h be5 = "s "t return+ to _! catti% nature1 ( :i* "s p>ticul> s\nds f ! gall]y h giv5 u suffici5t w>n+4 ,& s9ce !y h s op5ly decl>$ !mselves1 ,i mu/ only desire t !y w n ?9k !y c put on ! f9e woman aga9 j :5 !y please1 b cont5t !mselves ) _! skill 9 cat]waul+4 ,= my own "p1 ,i _c ?9k x w\ld be any loss to real lov]s ( music1 if all ^? false fri5ds :o h made pret5sions to x only 9 compliance ) ! fa%ion1 w\ld sep>ate !mselves f !m2 provid$ our ,italian ,op]a c\ld be br\ght "u su* regulations z to g on )\t !m4 ,we might !n be able to sit & enjoy an ent]ta9m5t ( ?is sort1 free f ^? di/urbances :i* are frequ5t 9 ,engli% !atres1 )\t any reg>d1 n only to p]=m]s1 b ev5 to ! pres5ce ( ,maje/y itself4 ,9 %ort1 my com=t is1 t ?\gh s great a des]tion may =ce u s to contract ! exp5ses ( our op]as1 z w\ld put an end to our hav+ !m 9 z great p]fection z at pres5t1 yet we %all be able at lea/ to he> !m )\t int]ruption4 ,! ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni disputes1 to :i* ,arbu?not alludes1 :]e he speaks ( ^? di/urbances :i* are frequ5t 9 ,engli% !atres1 appe> to h be5 q z viol5t z ^? ) :i* ! names ( ,h&el & ,buononc9i are associat$4 ,mo/ ( ?is musical p>ty-w>f>e 7( :i* ! mo/ notori\s examples are ^? j m5tion$1 ! ,gluck & ,picc9ni conte/s 9 ,p>is1 & ! qu>rels betwe5 ! admir]s ( ,madame ,m>a & ,madame ,todi 9 ! same city7 has be5 conf9$ to ,engl& & ,france1 ?\gh a v pretty qu>rel 0 once got up at ! ,dresd5 ,!atre1 betwe5 ! foll[]s ( ,fau/9a1 at t "t ! wife ( ,hasse ! compos]1 & ,m+otti4 ,! ,italians h %[n !mselves *angeable & caprici\s1 & h (t5 hiss$ "o night ^? :om !y h applaud$ ! night aft]w>ds2 b1 9 ! ,italian ,!atres1 we f9d no in/ances ( sy/ematic p>tisan%ip ma9ta9$ ob/9ately & /olidly = ye>s1 & ,i fancy t x is only among unmusical nations1 or 9 an unmusical age1 t any?+ ( ! k9d takes place4 ,! ard\r & duration ( su* disputes are naturally 9 proportion to ! ignorance & folly ( ! disputants4 ,9 sci5ce1 or ev5 9 art1 :]e ! pr9ciples ( art are well und]/ood1 !y are next to impossible4 ,self-/yl$ connoisseurs1 h[ev]1 ) nei!r ta/e nor k c g on squabbl+ ab\t compos]s & s+]s1 especially if !y nev] li/5 to !m1 to all et]nity4 ,sid5ote3 ,,fau/9a ,,& ,,cuzzoni4 ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni 7 bo? admirable vocali/s1 & 9 entirely diff]5t /yles1 s t !re 0 n ev5 ! %ad[ ( a pretext = prais+ "o at ! exp5se ( ! o!r4 ,tosi1 _! contempor>y1 9 8 ,oss]vazzioni sopra il ,canto ,figurato1#bb ?us comp>es !m3 ,! "o1 he says 7mean+ ,fau/9a71 is inimitable = a privileg$ gift ( s++ & en*ant+ ! _w ) an a/oni%+ felicity 9 execut+ difficulties ) a brilliancy ,i "k n :e!r d]iv$ f nature or art1 :i* pleases to excess4 ,! delightful soo?+ cantabile ( ! o!r1 jo9$ to ! sweetness ( a f9e voice1 a p]fect intonation1 /rictness ( "t1 & ! r>e/ productions ( g5ius 9 h] embelli%m5ts1 are qualifications z peculi> & uncommon z !y are difficult to be imitat$4 ,! pa?os ( ! "o & ! rapidity ( ! o!r are di/9ctly *>act]i/ic4 ,:at a beautiful mixture x w\ld be1 if ! excell5ces ( ^! two angelic be+s c\ld be unit$ 9 a s+le individual6 ,quantz1 ! celebrat$ flute-play]1 & tea*] ( t in/rum5t to ,fr$]ic ! ,great1 came to ,london 9 #agbg1 & he>d ,h&el's ,admeto execut$ to p]fection at ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music4 ,! pr9cipal p>ts 7 fill$ by ,s5es9o1 ,cuzzoni & ,fau/9a1 & ,quantz's acc\nt ( ! two latt] agrees1 ) t giv5 by ,signor ,tosi4 ,cuzzoni _h a s(t limpid voice1 a pure intonation1 a p]fect %ake4 ,h] /yle 0 simple1 noble & t\*+4 ,9 allegro movem5ts1 h] rapidity ( execution 0 n rem>kable1 c41 c4 ,h] act+ 0 cold1 & ?\gh %e 0 v beautiful1 h] beauty produc$ no effect on ! /age4 ,fau/9a1 on ! o!r h&1 0 passionate & full ( expression1 z an actress1 :ile z a vocali/ %e 0 rem>kable = ! flu5cy & brilliancy ( h] articulation1 & c\ld s+ ) ease :at w\ld h be5 consid]$ difficult passages = ! viol94 ,h] rapid repetition ( ! same note--7! viol9 tremolo7 0 "o ( h] mo/ surpris+ feats4 ,?is artifice 0 aft]w>ds imitat$ ) ! greate/ success by ,f>9elli1 ,monticelli1 ,visconti1 & ! *>m+ ,m+otti1 & at a lat] p]iod1 ,madame ,catalani produc$ "s ( h] greate/ effects 9 ! same /yle4 ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni made _! fir/ appe>ance toge!r at ,v5ice 9 #agai4 ,9 #agbe1 ,fau/9a w5t to ,vi5na1 & met ) an en?usia/ic reception f ! habitus ( ! ,c\rt ,!atre4 ,%e left ,vi5na ! same ye> = ,london1 :]e %e arriv$ :5 ,cuzzoni's reputation 0 at its height4 ,sid5ote3 ,,fau/9a ,,& ,,cuzzoni4 ,cuzzoni made h] fir/ appe>ance 9 ,london 9 #agbc1 & 0 a memb] ( ,h&el's company :5 ! s+]s 7 engag$1 at ! sugge/ion ( ! reg5t1 to give a s]ies ( p]=mances 9 ,p>is2 ?is engagem5t1 :i* 0 due 9 ! fir/ in/ance to ! solicitations ( ! ,m>*ioness de ,prie1 01 z ,i h already m5tion$1 nev] c>ri$ out4 ,:e!r ! ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni disputes orig9at$ ) a cabal aga9/ ! s+] 9 possession ( ! public fav\r1 or :e!r ! admir]s ( ! accept$ favorite felt x _! duty to support h] by attack+ all new com]s1 is n by any means cle>2 b ,fau/9a _h sc>cely arriv$ :5 ! feud comm5c$4 ,quanta tells u t z soon z "o began to s+1 ! p>tisans ( ! o!r began to hiss4 ,! ,cuzzoni p>ty1 :i* 0 head$ by ! ,c\ntess ( ,pembroke1 made a po9t ( hiss+ :5ev] ,fau/9a appe>$4 ,fau/9a1 :o if n bett]-look+1 0 m agreeable ?an ,cuzzoni1 _h mo/ ( ! m5 on h] side4 ,h] patronesses 7 ! ,c\ntess ( ,burl+ton & ,lady ,delaw>4 ,! mo/ rem>kable ( ! _m di/urbances caus$ by ! rivalry betwe5 ^! two s+]s 7=c$ ^u !m z x 07 took place 9 ,june #agbg4 ,! ,london ,j\rnal ( ,june #aj? 9 t ye>1 tells u 9 its description ( ! affair1 t ! cont5tion at fir/ 0 only c>ri$ on by hiss+ on "o side & clapp+ on ! o!r1 b proce$$ at l5g? to ! melodi\s use ( cat-calls & o!r accompanim5ts :i* manife/$ ! zeal & polit5ess ( t illu/ri\s assembly4 ,we are fur!r in=m$ t ! ,pr9cess ,ca!r9e 0 !re1 b nei!r h] ,royal ,highness's pres5ce1 nor ! laws ( decorum c\ld re/ra9 ! glori\s ard\r ( ! combatants4 ,! appe>ance ( ,fau/9a appe>s to h be5 ! signal = ! comm5cem5t ( ?is disgraceful riot1 to judge f ! foll[+ epigram on ! proce$+s ( ! night4 ,old poets s+ t bea/s did dance1 ,:5ev] ,orpheus play$2 ,s to ,fau/9a's *>m+ voice ,wise ,pembroke's asses bray$4 ,cuzzoni _h also h] poet1 & h] dep>ture f ,engl& 0 ! occasion ( ! foll[+ pretty b silly l9es1 address$ to h] by ,ambrose ,phillips3-- ,little ,syr5 ( ! /age1 ,*>m] ( an idle age1 ,empty w>bl]1 brea?+ lyre1 ,wanton gale ( fond desire2 ,bane ( e manly art1 ,sweet enfeebl] ( ! he>t1 ,o1 too pleas+ is ?y /ra91 ,h5ce to ,s\!rn climes aga96 ,tuneful mis*ief1 vocal spell1 ,to ?is isl& bid f>ewell2 ,leave u z we ought to be1 ,leave ! ,britons r\gh & free4 ,! ,britons _h %[n !mselves suffici5tly r\gh & free1 :ile ,cuzzoni 0 s++ to !m4 ,! circum/ances ( ?is vocali/'s leav+ ,london 7 r curi\s1 & %[ to :at an ext5t ! ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni disputes mu/ h disgu/$ ! directors ( ! ,academy2 ! caprice ( "o ( !m mu/ also h irritat$ ,h&el consid]ably1 = x is relat$ t once :5 ,cuzzoni1 at a rehe>sal1 positively refus$ to s+ an air t ,h&el _h writt5 = h]1 %e c\ld only be conv9c$ ( ! necessity ( do+ s by ! compos] ?reat5+ to ?r[ h] out ( ! w9d[4 ,x 0 kn[n t ea* 0 ab\t to sign a new contract1 & ,cuzzoni's patronesses made h] take an oa? n to accept l[] t]ms ?an ,fau/9a4 ,! directors +5i\sly & politely took advantage ( ?is1 & (f]$ h] exactly "o gu9ea less4 ,sid5ote3 ,,fau/9a ,,& ,,cuzzoni4 ,cuzzoni made h] retreat1 & ,fau/9a rema9$ 9 possession ( ! field ( battle4 ,h[ev]1 ,fau/9a1 aft] ! failure ( ! ,academy 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 h]self return$ to ,italy1 & met h] rival at ,v5ice 9 #agbi1 & aga91 9 #agcj4 ,cuzzoni return$ to ,london 9 #agcd1 & sang at ! ,op]a 9 ,l9coln's-,inn ,fields1 e/abli%$ "u ! direction ( ,porpora1 9 opposition to ,h&el4 ,%e visit$ ,london a ?ird "t 9 #agej1 :5 a conc]t 0 giv5 = h] b5efit2 b ! poor little syr5 0 n[ old & infirm2 %e _h lo/ h] voice1 & ev5 ! enemies ( ,fau/9a w\ld n come to applaud h]4 ,?is /age que5 _h a mo/ melan*oly end4 ,f ,engl& %e w5t to ,holl&1 :]e %e 0 imprison$ = debt1 be+ all[$1 h[ev]1 to g out 9 ! ev5+s 7d\btless "u ! gu>dian%ip ( a jail]7 & s+ at ! !atres1 by :i* means %e ga9$ en\gh money to obta9 h] lib]ation4 ,hav+ q lo/ h] voice1 %e is said to h ma9ta9$ h]self = "s "t at ,bologna by button-mak+4 ,! mann] ( h] dea? is n kn[n2 b probably %e _h ! same end z ^? /age-que5s m5tion$ by ! dramatic critic 9 ,c&ide3 ,on les adore qu& elles sont belles1 on les jette a la voirie qu& elles sont mortes4 ,! c>e] ( ,fau/9a on ! o!r h& did n belie h] auspici\s "n4 ,9 #agbg1 at ,v5ice1 %e met ,hasse1 ^: music ow$ mu* ( its success to h] admirable s++4 ,! compos] fell 9 love ) ?is *>m+ vocali/1 m>ri$ h]1 & 9 #agcj accept$ an (f] f ,augu/us1 ,k+ ( ,pol&1 & ,elector ( ,saxony1 to direct ! ,op]a ( ,dresd54 ,"h ,fau/9a r5ew$ h] successes1 & = fifte5 ye>s reign$ ) undisput$ supremacy at ! ,c\rt ,!atre4 ,!n1 h[ev]1 a new ,cuzzoni appe>$ 9 ! p]son ( ,signora ,m+otti4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m+otti4 ,reg9a ,val5t9i1 a pupil & dome/ic at ! ,conv5t ( ! ,ursul9es1 possess$ a beautiful voice1 b s little ta/e = h\sehold "w1 t to avoid its drudg]y & ! ridicule to :i* h] inability to g ?r\gh x expos$ h]1 %e resolv$ to make :at pr(it %e c\ld out ( h] s++4 ,old ,m+otti1 ! manag]1 0 will+ en\gh to aid h] 9 ?is laudable ent]prise2 & accord+ly m>ri$ h] & put h] "u ! tuition ( ,porpora1 ! future oppon5t ( ,h&el1 & actual rival ( ,hasse4 ,9 due "t ,m+otti made h] fir/ appe>ance at ! ,dresd5 ,op]a1 :5 h] s++ call$ =? almo/ unanim\s applause2 we say almo/1 because ,hasse & "s ( 8 p]sonal fri5ds p]si/$ 9 d5y+ h] tal5t4 ,! successful dbutante 0 (f]$ a lucrative engagem5t at ,naples1 :]e %e creat$ ! greate/ en?usiasm by h] p]=mance ( ! "p ( ,ari/ea 9 ! ,olimpiade1 ) music by ,galuppi4 ,m+otti 0 n[ ! great s+] ( ! day2 %e receiv$ propositions f manag]s 9 all p>ts ( ,europe1 b decid$ to return to ! sc5e ( h] e>ne/ triumphs at ,dresd54 ,?is 0 9 #agdh4 ,haase 0 !n compos+ 8 ,dem(onte4 ,he knew well en\gh ! /rong1 & ?\ght he _h rem>k$ ! weak1 po9ts 9 ,m+otti's voice2 &1 9 ord] to %[ ! latt] to ! greate/ possible disadvantage1 provid$ ! unsuspect+ s+] ) an adagio :i* rose & fell ^u ! v notes :i* he consid]$ ! mo/ d\btful 9 h] unusually p]fect organ4 ,to r5d] ! vocali/'s defici5cies z app>5t z possible1 he did ! next ?+ to mak+ h] s+ ! insidi\s adagio )\t accompanim5t2 = ! only accompanim5t he wrote = x 0 a pizzicato ( viol9s4 ,reg9a at ! v fir/ rehe>sal1 und]/ood ! sn>e1 said no?+ ab\t x1 b /udi$ h] adagio till %e sang x ) su* p]fection t :at _h be5 int5d$ to discov] h] weakness only s]v$ 9 ! mo/ /rik+ mann] to exhibit h] /r5g?4 ,! air :i* 0 to h ru9$ ,m+otti's reputation br\ght h] ! greate/ success %e _h ev] obta9$4 ,h] execution 0 s faultless t ,fau/9a h]self c\ld f9d no?+ to say aga9/ x4 ,a /ory is told ( ,sir ,*>les ,williams1 ! ,engli% ,m9i/] at ! ,c\rt ( ,dresd51 :o _h tak5 a prom95t "p 9 ! ,hasse & ,fau/9a cabal1 & _h be5 9 ! habit ( say+ t ,m+otti 0 d\btless a brilliant s+]1 b t 9 ! expressive /yle & 9 passages ( su/a9$ notes %e 0 he>d to disadvantage--a /ory is told ( ?is c&id & g5tlemanly critic go+ to ,m+otti aft] %e _h sung h] trea*]\s solo1 & apologiz+ to h] publicly = ev] hav+ ent]ta9$ a d\bt z to ! complet5ess ( h] tal5t4 ,hasse rema9$ ?irty-?ree ye>s 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,elector & made ! ,dresd5 ,op]a ! fir/ 9 ,europe2 b 9 #agfc ! tr\bles ( unhappy ,pol& hav+ begun1 he retir$ ) ,fau/9a on a small p5sion to ,vi5na & !nce to ,v5ice1 :]e !y bo? di$ 9 ! ye> #aghc1 ,hasse be+ !n eighty-f\r ye>s ( age & 8 wife n9ety4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( ! o!r s+]s at ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music 7 ,dura/anti & ,s5es9o1 bo? ( :om 7 engag$ by ,h&el at ,dresd51 & appe>$ 9 ,london at ! op5+ ( ! new e/abli%m5t4 ,9 #agbc1 h[ev]1 ,cuzzoni arriv$1 & ,dura/anti1 ackn[l$g+ ! sup]ior m]it ( t s+]1 took h] dep>ture4 ,at lea/ ! ackn[l$gm5t 0 made = h] 9 a song writt5 by ,pope1 :i* %e address$ to ! audi5ce at h] f>ewell p]=mance1 & :i* end$ ) ?is c\plet3-- ,b let old *>m]s yield to new2 ,happy soil1 adieu1 adieu6 ,sid5ote3 ,,s5es9o4 ,ei!r s+]s 7 v diff]5t !n f :at !y are n[1 or ,dura/anti c\ld n h und]/ood ^! l9es1 :i*1 /rangely en\gh1 are said to h be5 writt5 by ,pope at ! desire ( h] patron1 ! ,e>l ( ,pet]bor\gh4 ,surely ,ana/asia ,rob9son1 ! future ,c\ntess1 w\ld n h ?ank$ ! e>l = su* a complim5t1 9 h[ev] p]fect a /yle x might h be5 express$4 ,madame ,dura/anti appe>s to h be5 mu* e/eem$ 9 ,engl&1 & ,i read 9 ! ,ev5+ ,po/ ( ,m>* #g?1 #agba1 t ,la/ ,?ursday1 ,8 ,maje/y 0 pleas$ to /& godfa!r1 & ! ,pr9cess & ! ,lady ,bruce godmo!rs1 to a daught] ( ,mrs4 ,dura/anti1 *ief s+] 9 ! op]a h\se4 ,! ,m>quis ,visconti = ! k+1 & ! ,lady ,li*field = ! pr9cess4 ,s5es9o1 successor to ,nicol9i1 & ! second ( ! noble ord] ( soprani/s :o appe>$ 9 ,engl&1 0 ! pr9cipal contralto s+] 7modo vir1 modo fm9a7 9 ,h&el's op]as1 until #agbf1 :5 ! /ate ( 8 heal? compell$ him to return to ,italy4 ,he came back to ,engl& 9 #agcj1 & resum$ 8 position at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 "u ,h&el4 ,9 #agcc1 :5 ! rival company 0 =m$ at ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 ,s5es9o jo9$ x1 b retir$ aft] ! appe>ance ( ,f>9elli1 :o at once eclips$ all o!r s+]s4 ,/eele's j\rnal1 ,! ,!atre1 ent]ta9s u ) a brief acc\nt ( ! vanity ( "o ,signor ,b5$itti1 :o appe>s to h p]=m$ pr9cipal p>ts1 at lea/ = a "t1 at ! ,op]a 9 #agbj4 ,! pap]1 :i* is writt5 by ,sir ,ri*>d ,/eele's coadjutor1 ,sir ,john ,edg>1 comm5ces ) a furi\s onslaught on a company ( ,fr5* actors1 :o 7 at t "t p]=m+ 9 ,london1 & ( ^: op5+ repres5tation we are told t if we are any long] to m>* on two legs1 & n be q prone1 & on all f\r l ! o!r animals we mu/ assume manhood & humane indignation aga9/ s b>b>\s an affront4 ,b ,i =esee1 cont9ues ,sir ,john1#bc t ! !atre is to be utt]ly de/roy$1 & s5sation is to bani% reflection z s\nd is to beat d[n s5se4 ,! head & ! he>t are to be mov$ no m1 b ! base/ p>ts ( ! body to be h]eaft] ! sole in/rum5ts ( human delight4 ,a regul>1 ord]ly1 & well-gov]n$ company ( actors1 t liv$ 9 reputation & cr$it & "u dec5t settlem5t are to be torn to pieces & made vagabond1 to make room = ev5 =eign vagrants1 :o des]v$ no reception b 9 ,bridewell1 ev5 be=e !y affront$ ! assembly1 compos$ ( ,briti% nobility & g5try1 ) repres5tations t c\ld introduce no?+ ( ev5 ,fr5* except1 c4 4444,?\gh ! ,fr5* are s boi/]\s & void ( all mod]ation or temp] 9 _! conduct1 ! ,italians are a m tractable & elegant nation4 ,if ! ,fr5* play]s h laid aside all %ame1 ! ,italian s+]s are z em95tly nice & delicate1 :i* ! read] w obs]ve f ! foll[+ acc\nt ,i h receiv$ f ! ,haym>ket4 ,sid5ote3 ,,caprices ,,( ,,s+]s4 ',sir1-- ',x happ5$ 9 ca/+ p>ts = ! new op]a1 ,signor ,b5$itti conceiv$ he _h be5 greatly injur$1 & appli$ to ! bo>d ( directors = r$ress4 ,he set =? 9 ! recitative tone1 ! ne>e/ approa*+ to ord9>y spee*1 t he _h nev] act$ any?+ 9 any o!r op]a bel[ ! "* ( a sov]eign1 & n[ he 0 to be appo9t$ to be capta9 ( a gu>d4 ,on ^! repres5tations1 we direct$ t he %\ld make love to ,z5obia1 ) prop] limitations4 ,! *airman signifi$ to him t ! bo>d _h made him a lov]1 b he mu/ be cont5t to be an un=tunate "o1 & be reject$ by 8 mi/ress4 ,he express$ himself v easy "u ?is1 & seem$ to rejoice t1 consid]+ ! incon/ancy ( wom51 he c\ld only feign1 n pursue ! passion to extremity4 ,he mutt]$ v mu* aga9/ mak+ him only ! gu>d to ! "* he _h =m]ly appe>$ 91' c4 ,a small & n un9t]e/+ volume might be writt5 ab\t ! caprices ( s+]s & _! behavi\r "u real or imag9>y slights4 ,"o ( ! be/ /ories ( ! k9d is told ( ,cresc5t9i1 :o1 ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury lat]1 at ! fir/ repres5tation ( ,gli ,orazi e ,curiazi1 obs]v$ imm$iately be=e ! comm5cem5t ( ! p]=mance1 t ! co/ume ( ,orazio 0 m magnific5t ?an 8 own4 ,he s5t = ! /age manag]1 & burn+ ) rage1 address$ him z foll[s3-- ,p]*e1 he comm5c$1 avez v\s donn oun habit blanc ce mossi\2 et *e v\s m'en avez gratifi d'oun v]t8 ,x 0 expla9$ to ! s+] t !re 0 a tradition at ! ,comdie ,francaise by :i* ! co/ume ( ! pr9cipal ,horatius 0 :ite & t ( ! *ief ( ! ,curiatii1 gre54 ,p]* la bord\re r\ze un primo t5ore1 el la bord\re noire oun primo virtuoso8 cont9u$ ! inc5s$ soprani/4 ,no "o 0 ?9k+1 repli$ ! /age manag]1 ( y\r positions z s+]s2 our only object 0 to make ! co/umes z correct z possible4 ,votre ousaze et votre ezatit\de sont des imbciles1 exclaim$ ,cresc5t9i2 z m lagnrai de votre cond\ite env]s moi4 ,quant v\s1 mossi\ ,brizzi fate-mi il piac]e d v\s d%abill] subito et d m fair pass] que/o ve/ito 9 b>atto d\ mi5 qu z vais v\s envoy]4 ,p] ,bacco6 non si dir qu'oun t5ore aura p>\ mi\ vt\ qu'oun primo oumo1 surt\t qu& ce primo virtuoso e/ ,girolamo ,cresc5t9i d',urb9o4 ,an ex*ange took place on ! spot1 & ?r\gh\t ! ev5+ a ,curiatius1 six feet high1 0 se5 we>+ a little ,roman co/ume1 :i* look$ z if x w\ld bur/ ) ea* movem5t ( ! s+]1 :ile a dim9utive ,horatius 0 attir$ 9 a long ,alban tunic1 ( :i* ! skirt trail$ along ! gr\nd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,h&el ,,& ,,heidegg]4 ,b ! s+]s are tak+ u away f ! ,op]a4 ,let u return to ,h&el1 all ( ^: vocali/s toge!r1 admirable z !y 71 c\ld n save ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music f ru94 ,aft] ! f9al failure ( t ent]prise 9 #agbh1 ! directors ent]$ into an arrangem5t ) ,heidegg] = op5+ ! ,k+'s ,!atre "u _! jo9t managem5t4 ,h&el w5t to ,italy to engage new s+]s1 b did n make a v brilliant selection4 ,heidegg]1 nev]!less1 did 8 duty z a manag]1 & introduc$ ! pr9cipal memb]s ( ! new company to public notice 9 ! foll[+ puff direct1 :i*1 = cool unadorn$ impud5ce1 has n be5 surpass$ ev5 9 ! pres5t day4 ,mr4 ,h&el1 :o is j return$ f ,italy1 has contract$ ) ! foll[+ p]sons to p]=m 9 ! ,italian ,op]as1 ,signor ,b]nac*i1 :o is e/eem$ ! be/ s+] 9 ,italy2 ,signora ,m]ighi1 a woman ( a v f9e pres5ce1 an excell5t actress1 & a v good s+]1 ) a c\nt]-t5or voice2 ,signora ,/rada1 :o ha? a v f9e treble voice1 a p]son ( s+ul> m]it2 ,signor ,annibale ,pio ,fabri1 a mo/ excell5t t5or1 & a f9e voice2 8 wife1 :o p]=ms a man's "p well2 ,signora ,b]toldi1 :o has a v f9e treble voice1 %e is also a v g5teel actress1 bo? 9 m5 & wom5's p>ts2 a bass voice1 f ,hamburgh1 !re be+ none wor? engag+ 9 ,italy4 ,i fancy ?is 0 an attempt to c>ry on ,italian ,op]a at a r$uc$ exp5diture1 = z soon z ! speculation began to fail1 ! popul> ,s5es9o 0 aga9 engag$4 ,h&el _h _h a s]i\s qu>rel ) ?is s+]1 b :5 a manag] is 9 want ( a />1 & a /> is tempt$ ) a lucrative engagem5t1 p]sonal feel+s are n tak5 into acc\nt4 ,!y ought to h be51 h[ev]1 9 ?is p>ticul> case1 at lea/ by ,h&el1 = ! brea* betwe5 ! compos] & ! s+] 0 r5ew$1 & ,s5es9o left ! ,k+'s ,!atre to jo9 ! company :i* 0 be+ =m$ at ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 "u ! direction ( ,porpora4 ,h&el n[ set out once m = ,italy1 b aga9 fail$ to engage any s+]s ( celebrity1 ) ! exception ( ,c>e/9i1 :om he he>d at ,bologna at ! same "t z ,f>9elli4 ,t he %\ld h pref]r$ ! =m] to ! latt] seems unacc\ntable1 = by ! common cons5t ( musicians1 critics1 & ! public1 ,f>9elli1 :]ev] he sang1 0 pron\nc$ ! greate/ s+] ( 8 "t1 & x appe>s c]ta9 t no s+] ev] affect$ an audi5ce 9 s p[]ful a mann]4 ,! passionate 7& slightly blasphem\s7 exclamation ( ! entranc$ ,engli%woman1 ,"o ,god & "o ,f>9elli1 toge!r ) ! almo/ magical effect ( ,f>9elli's voice 9 tranquilis+ ! half dem5t$ ,f]d9& ,,vi41 seems to %[ t 8 s++ mu/ h be5 some?+ l ! music ( patri>*al times2 :i* *>m$ s]p5ts1 & :i* 9 a lat] age ?r[s highly impressionable wom5 into convulsions4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,national ,,an!m4 ,i h already m5tion$ t 9 go+ or return+ to ,italy ?is la/ "t1 ,h&el appe>s to h pass$ ?r\gh ,p>is1 & to h paid a contemptu\s sort ( att5tion to ,fr5* music4 ,x is !n1 if ev]1 t he %\ld be accus$ ( hav+ /ol5 = our national an!m1 an air left by ,lulli--:i* he did n1 & :i* ,lulli c\ld n h compos$4 ,! ridicul\s /ory :i* w\ld make our ,engli% patriotic hymn an adaptation f ! ,fr5*1 is told = ! fir/ "t ,i believe 9 ! ,du*ess ( ,p]?'s lett]s4 ,b in/ead ( ,god save ! ,que5 be+ translat$ f a canticle sung by ! ,ladies ( ,/4 ,cyr1 ! pret5d$ canticle is a translation ( ,god save ! ,que54 ,"h is ! ,fr5* v]sion-- ,gr& ,dieu1 sauvez le ,roi6 ,gr& ,dieu1 v5gez le ,roi6 ,vive le ,roi6 ,que t\j\rs glorieux ,l\is victorieux ,voie ses ennemis ,t\j\rs s\mis4 ,if x c\ld be prov$ t ?is canticle 0 sung by ! ,ladies ( ,/4 ,cyr1 ,engl& c\ld no long] claim ! au?or%ip ( ,god save ! ,que51 z f>1 at lea/1 z ! words are conc]n$2 & x is evid5t t ! words1 :i* are sc>cely readable z poetry1 ?\gh excell5t = s++1 7 writt5 ei!r = or ) ! music4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 h[ev] 79 ,molire ,musici51 ,vol4 ,i41 page #eja71 po9ts out t si l'on ignorait que la musique de cet air e/1 non pas de ,h&el1 comme plusieurs l'ont assur mais de ,h5ri ,c>ey la v]sion ,franaise pr\v]ait du mo9s que cette meldie1 sc&e en sdruccioli ne peut app>t5ir au sicle de ,l\is ,,xiv42 nos v]s glissades etai5t p>faitem5t inconnus de ,qu9ault et de ,lulli1 de ,b]n>d et de ,rameau4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,national ,,an!m4 ,mr4 ,s*l*]1 l _m o!r writ]s1 attributes ,god save ! ,k+ to ,dr4 ,john ,bull1 b ,mr4 ,w4 ,*appell1 9 8 ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t1 has %[n t ,dr4 ,john ,bull did n compose x 9 its pres5t =m1 & t 9 all probability ,h5ry ,c>ey did1 & t words & music toge!r1 z we "k x 9 ! pres5t day1 our national an!m dates only f #agdj4 ,lulli did n compose x1 b x 0 n compos$ be=e 8 "t1 nor be=e ,h&el's ei!r4 ,! air has be5 s alt]$1 or r1 develop$1 by ! v>i\s compos]s :o h h&l$ x s9ce a simple *ant on ! f\r words ,god save ! ,k+ 0 h>monis$ by ,dr4 ,john ,bull1 & aft]w>ds conv]t$ f an indiff]5t tune into an admirable "o 7?r\gh ! =tunate blund]+ ( a copyi/1 z x has be5 surmis$71 t x may almo/ be said to h gr[n4 ,:at an int]e/+ ?+ to be able to e/abli% ! fact ( its gradual =mation1 l ! political sy/em ( t nation to ^: triumphs x has long be5 an indisp5sable accompanim5t6 ,b h[ humiliat+ to f9d t somebody m>k$ 9 ,dr4 ,bull's manuscript a %>p :]e !re %\ld h be5 no %>p1 & t our glori\s an!m owes its exi/5ce to a mi/ake6 ,mr4 ,*appell pr9ts ?ree or f\r ballads & "p songs 9 8 "w1 beg9n+ at ! reign ( ,james ,i41 ei!r or all ( :i* may h be5 ! f\ndation ( ,god save ! ,k+1 b x appe>s c]ta9 t our national hymn 9 its pres5t =m 0 fir/ sung1 & almo/ note = note z x is sung n[1 by ,h4 ,c>ey1 9 #agdj1 9 celebration ( ! tak+ ( ,portobello by ,admiral ,v]non4#bd ,h&el did n compose ,god save ! ,k+2 b he _h good reason = s++ x1 consid]+ ! /eady & lib]al patronage he receiv$ f our ?ree fir/ ,georges4 ,:51 aft] ! expiration ( 8 contract ) ,heidegg]1 he remov$ to ,cov5t ,g>d51 9 #agce1 /ill c>ry+ on ! w> aga9/ ,porpora 7:o remov$ at ! same "t to ! ,k+'s ,!atre71 ,george ,,ii4 subscrib$ #a1jjj t[>ds ! exp5ses ( ,h&el's managem5t1 & x 0 ! support ( ! ,k+ & ! ,royal ,family t enabl$ him to combat ! influ5ce t 0 br\ght to be> aga9/ him by ! ari/ocracy4 ,h&el1 accord+ to ,arbu?not1 ow$ 8 failure1 9 a great measure1 ! fir/ "t1 to ! ,begg>s' ,op]a4 ,! second "t1 on ! o!r h&1 x 0 ! ,nobility's ,op]a t ru9$ him4 ,h&el1 z we h se51 _h only ,c>e/9i to dep5d ^u4 ,porpora1 8 rival1 _h secur$ two e/abli%$ fav\rites1 ,cuzzoni & ,s5es9o 7bo? memb]s ( ,h&el's old company at ! ,academy71 & _h1 moreov]1 engag$ ,f>9elli1 by f> ! greate/ s+] ( ! epo*4 ,nev]!less1 ,porpora fail$ almo/ at ! same "t z ,h&el1 & at ! end ( ! ye> #agcg1 !re 0 no ,italian ,op]a at all 9 ,london4 ,h&el jo9$ ,heidegg] once m 9 #agch1 at ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,9 two ye>s he wrote f\r op]as1 ( :i* ! f\r?1 ,deidamia1 0 ! la/ he ev] produc$4 ,aft] ?is he ab&on$ dramatic music1 &1 z a compos] ( ,oratorios1 ent]$ ^u :at 0 to him a f> high] c>e]4 ,h&el 0 at ?is "t fifty-six ye>s ( age1 & s9ce 8 arrival 9 ,engl&1 9 #agaa1 he _h writt5 no less ?an ?irty-five ,italian op]as4 ,sid5ote3 ,,capabilities ,,( ,,music4 ,h&el's ,italian op]as1 z su*1 are n[ q obsolete4 ,! air f ,admeto is occasionally he>d at a conc]t1 & ,h&el is kn[n to h introduc$ "s ( 8 op]atic melodies into 8 ,oratorios1 b !re is no *ance ( any "o ( 8 op]as ev] be+ reproduc$ 9 a complete =m4 ,!y 7 nev] kn[n out ( ,engl&1 & 9 ?is c\ntry 7 soon laid aside aft] _! compos] _h fairly retir$ f !atrical managem5t4 ,i ?9k ,mr4 ,hog>?#be is only speak+ ) 8 usual judici\sness1 :5 he obs]ves1 t :atev] pleasure !y mu/ h giv5 to ! audi5ces ( t age1 !y w\ld fail to d s n[4444 ,! music ( ! pr9cipal p>ts1 he cont9ues1 7 writt5 = a class ( voices :i* no long] exi/s1#bf & = ^! p>ts no p]=m]s c\ld n[ be f\nd4 ,a s]ies ( recitatives & airs1 ) only an occasional duet1 & a conclud+ *orus ( ! slighte/ k9d1 w\ld appe> meagre & dull to e>s accu/om$ to ! brilliant conc]t$ pieces & f9ales ( ! mod]n /age2 & ,h&el's accompanim5ts w\ld appe> ?9 & poor amid/ ! ri*ness & v>iety ( ! mod]n or*e/ra4 ,! vocal p>ts1 too1 are to a great ext5t1 9 an obsolete ta/e4 ,_m ( ! airs are m]e /r+s ( dry1 =mal divisions & unmean+ passages ( execution1 calculat$ to %[ (f ! p[]s ( ! fa%ionable s+]s2 & _m o!rs1 admirable 9 _! design1 & conta9+ ! f9e/ traits ( melody & expression1 are spun out a we>isome l5g?1 & de=m$ by ! cumbr\s trapp+s ) :i* !y are load$4 ,musical phrases1 too1 :5 ,h&el us$ !m1 _h ! *>m ( novelty1 h become famili> & common ?r\gh repetition by 8 successors4 ,among ! airs :i* ,h&el has tak5 f 8 ,op]as & introduc$ into 8 ,oratorios1 may be m5tion$ ,r5di l' s]5o al ciglio1 f ,sos>me1 n[ kn[n z ,"l1 rememb] ,david1 & ,dove sei amato b5e1 9 ,rodel9da1 :i* has be5 conv]t$ into ,holy1 ,holy1 ,"l ,god ,almighty4 ,t ^! *anges h be5 made ) p]fect success1 proves1 if any pro( 7 /ill want$ by ^? :o h ev] giv5 a m9ute's consid]ation to ! subject1 t !re is no su* ?+ z absolute def9ite expression 9 music4 ,! music ( an impassion$ love song w seem equally appropriate z t ( a f]v5t pray]1 except to ^? :o h already associat$ x intimately 9 _! memories ) ! words to :i* x has fir/ be5 writt54 ,a positive feel+ ( joy1 or ( grief1 ( exultation1 or ( depression1 ( livel9ess1 or ( solemnity1 c be express$ by musical means )\t ! assi/ance ( words1 b n mix$ feel+s1 into :i* sev]al %ades ( s5tim5t ent]--at lea/ n ) def9it5ess2 ?\gh once indicat$ by ! words1 !y w obta9 f music ! mo/ admirable col\rs :i* w ev5 appe> to h be5 inv5t$ expressly & solely = !m4 ,gluck arrang$ old music to suit new v]ses q z mu*1 or m1 ?an ,h&el--ev5 ,gluck :o ma9ta9$ t music ought to convey ! precise signification1 n only ( a dramatic situation1 b ( ! v words ( a song1 phrase by phrase1 if n ^w by ^w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,h&el ,,& ,,our ,,italian ,,op]a4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( ,h&el's presid5cy ov] our ,italian ,op]a1 works n only by ,h&el & 8 colleagues1 b also by ,sc>latti1 ,hasse1 ,porpora1 ,v9ci1 ,v]ac9i1 & o!r compos]s 7 produc$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 at ,cov5t ,g>d51 & at ,porpora's ,!atre 9 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields4 ,aft] ,h&el's retirem5t1 op]as by ,galuppi1 ,p]golese1 ,jomelli1 ,gluck1 & ,picc9ni1 7 p]=m$1 & ! mo/ di/+ui%$ s+]s 9 ,europe cont9u$ to visit ,london4 ,9 #agda1 :5 ! ,e>l ( ,middlesex und]took ! managem5t ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ,galuppi 0 engag$ z compos]1 & produc$ sev]al op]as3 among o!rs1 ,p5elope1 ,scipione1 & ,enrico4 ,9 #agdb1 ! ,olimpiade1 ) music by ,p]golese 7a pupil ( ,hasse1 & ! future compos] ( ! celebrat$ ,s]va ,padrona7 0 br\ght out4 ,aft] ,galuppi's return to ,italy1 9 #agdd1 ! be/ ( 8 new op]as cont9u$ to be produc$ 9 ,london4 ,8 ,mondo della ,luna 0 repres5t$ 9 #agfj1 :5 ! ,engli% public 7 delight$ ) ! gaiety ( ! music1 & ) ! *>m+ act+ & s++ ( ,signora ,pagan9i4 ,! ye> aft]w>ds a /ill great] success 0 a*iev$ ) ! same compos]'s ,filos(o di ,campagna1 :i*1 says ,dr4 ,burney1 surpass$ 9 musical m]it all ! comic op]as t 7 p]=m$ 9 ,engl& till ! ,buona ,figliola4 ,n only 7 ,gluck's e>li] & comp>atively unimportant works p]=m$ 9 ,london soon aft] _! fir/ production at ,vi5na1 b 8 ,orfeo1 ! fir/ ( ^? great works writt5 9 ! /yle :i* we always associate ) ,gluck's "n1 0 repres5t$ 9 ,london 9 #aggj1 f\r ye>s be=e ,gluck w5t to ,p>is4 ,inde$1 ev] s9ce ! arrival ( ,h&el 9 ?is c\ntry1 ,london has be5 celebrat$ = its ,italian ,op]a1 :]eas ! ,fr5* _h no regul> cont9u\s p]=mances ( ,italian ,op]a until ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,h&el did mu* to create a ta/e = ?is species ( ent]ta9m5t1 & by ! excell5t execution :i* he took c>e e op]a produc$ "u 8 direction %\ld receive1 he set an example to 8 successors ( :i* ! value c sc>cely be ov]-e/imat$1 & :i* x mu/ be admitt$ has1 on ! :ole1 be5 foll[$ ) intellig5ce & ent]prise4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,g5]al ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,op]a ,,9 ,,europe ,,9 ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,until ,,! ,,appe>ance ,,( ,,gluck4 ,great ,italian ,s+]s4--,f]ri 9 ,sw$54--,op]a 9 ,vi5na4--,sc5ic decorations4--,s+]s ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4--,s+]s' nicknames4--,f>9elli's "o note4 ,sid5ote3 ,,que5 ,,*ri/9a ,,& ,,f]ri4 ,h&el1 by 8 great musical g5ius1 conf]r$ a two-fold b5efit on ! c\ntry ( 8 adoption4 ,he end[$ x ) a s]ies ( ,oratorios :i* /& alone 9 _! gr&eur1 = :i* ! ,engli% ( ! pres5t day are deeply grateful1 & = :i* ages to come w hon\r 8 "n2 & be=e writ+ a note ( 8 great sacr$ works1 dur+ ! ?irty ye>s :i* he devot$ to ! production & sup]9t5d5ce ( ,italian ,op]a 9 ,engl&1 he rais$ t ent]ta9m5t to a pit* ( excell5ce unequall$ else:]e1 except p]haps at ! magnific5t ,dresd5 ,!atre1 :i*1 = upw>ds ( a qu>t] ( a c5tury 0 direct$ by ! celebrat$ ,hasse1 & :]e ,augu/us1 ( ,saxony1 took c>e t ! f9e/ musicians & s+]s 9 ,europe %\ld be engag$4 ,r\sseau1 9 ! ,dictionnaire ,musicale1 "u ! head ( ,or*e/ra1 writ+ 9 #agedbg1 says3-- ,! fir/ or*e/ra 9 ,europe 9 respect to ! numb] & sci5ce ( ! symphoni/s1 is t ( ,naples4 ,b ! or*e/ra ( ! op]a ( ! ,k+ ( ,pol&1 at ,dresd51 direct$ by ! illu/ri\s ,hasse1 is bett] di/ribut$1 & =ms a bett] ensemble4 ,mo/ ( ,h&el's & ,porpora's be/ vocali/s 7 engag$ f ! ,dresd5 ,!atre1 b ! great ,italian s+]s _h already become citiz5s ( ! _w1 & settl$ or e/abli%$ !mselves tempor>ily z _! int]e/s dictat$ 9 ,g]many1 ,engl&1 ,spa91 or else:]e1 & at ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury !re 7 ,italian ,op]as at ,naples1 ,tur91 ,dresd51 ,vi5na1 ,london1 ,madrid1 & ev5 ,algi]s--ev]y:]e b 9 ,france1 :i*1 z has already be5 po9t$ out1 did n accept ! musical civilisation ( ,italy until x _h be5 adopt$ by e o!r c\ntry 9 ,europe1 includ+ ,russia4 ,! great compos]s1 & above all1 ! great s+]s :o ab\nd$ 9 ?is =tunate c5tury1 w5t to & fro 9 ,europe1 f s\? to nor?1 f ea/ to we/1 & 7 welcom$ ev]y:]e b 9 ,p>is1 :]e1 until a few ye>s be=e ! ,revolution1 x seem$ to =m "p ( ! national hon\r to despise ,italian music4 ,z f> back z #afde1 ,que5 ,*ri/9a ( ,sw$5 s5t a vessel ( w> to ,italy1 to br+ to h] ,c\rt ,bal?az> ,f]ri1 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ s+] ( 8 day4 ,f]ri1 z ,r\sseau1 quot+ f ,manc9i1 tells u 9 8 ,musical ,diction>y1 c\ld )\t tak+ brea? asc5d & desc5d two octaves ( ! *romatic scale1 p]=m+ a %ake on e note unaccompani$1 & ) su* precision t if at any "t ! note on :i* ! s+] 0 %ak+ 0 v]ifi$ by an in/rum5t1 x 0 f\nd to be p]fectly 9 tune4 ,f]ri 0 9 ! s]vice ( ?ree k+s ( ,pol& & two emp]ors ( ,g]many4 ,at ,v5ice he 0 decorat$ ) ! ,ord] ( ,/4 ,m>k2 at ,vi5na he 0 cr[n$ ,k+ ( ,musicians2 at ,london1 :ile he 0 s++ 9 a masque1 he 0 pres5t$ by an unkn[n h& ) a sup]b em]ald2 & ! ,flor5t9es1 :5 he 0 ab\t to visit _! city1 w5t 9 ?\s&s to meet him1 at ?ree leagues di/ance f ! gates4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,9 ,,vi5na4 ,! ,italian ,op]a 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,vi5na "u ! ,emp]or ,leopold ,i41 ) great magnific5ce1 s mu* s inde$1 t = _m ye>s aft]w>ds x 0 f> m celebrat$ z a spectacle ?an z a musical ent]ta9m5t4 ,nev]!less1 ,leopold 0 a mo/ devot$ lov] ( music1 & rema9$ s until 8 dea?1 z ! hi/ory ( 8 la/ mom5ts suffici5tly %[s4 ,we h se5 a ,fr5* maid ( hon\r die to ! fiddl+ ( h] page2 ! ,emp]or ( ,g]many expir$ to ! accompanim5t ( a full or*e/ra4 ,feel+ t 8 end 0 approa*+ he s5t = 8 musicians1 & ord]$ !m to comm5ce a symphony1 :i* !y w5t on play+ until he di$4 ,apo/olo ,z5o1 :om ,r\sseau calls ! ,corneille1 & ,meta/asio1 :om he t]ms ! ,rac9e ( ! ,op]a1 bo? resid$ = _m ye>s at ,vi5na1 & wrote _m ( _! be/ pieces = its !atre4 ,sev]al ( ,z5o's1 & a great numb] ( ,meta/asio's works h be5 set to music ov] & ov] aga91 b :5 !y 7 fir/ br\ght out at ,vi5na1 _m ( !m appe> to h obta9$ success m z gr& dramatic spectacles ?an z op]as4 ,dur+ ! latt] half ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ,vi5na witness$ ! production ( "s ( ! greate/ ma/]-pieces ( ! musical drama 7= in/ance1 ! ,orpheus1 ,alce/is1 c41 ( ,gluck1 & ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o1 ( ,moz>t72 b :5 ,h&el 0 9 ,engl& direct+ ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 ! ,haym>ket1 & :5 ! ,dresd5 ,op]a 0 9 full musical glory 7be=e z well z aft] ! arrival ( ,hasse71 ! ,c\rt ,!atre ( ,vi5na 0 above all rem>kable = its imm5se size1 = ! spl5d\r ( its decorations1 & = ! g5]al co/l9ess & magnific5ce ( its spectacles4 ,lady ,m>y ,wortley ,montague visit$ ! ,op]a1 at ,vi5na1 9 #agaf1 & s5t ! foll[+ acc\nt ( x to ,pope4 ,i h be5 la/ ,sunday at ! ,op]a1 :i* 0 p]=m$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,favorita2 & ,i 0 s mu* pleas$ ) x1 ,i h n yet rep5t$ my see+ x4 ,no?+ ( ! k9d 0 ev] m magnific5t1 & ,i c easily believe :at ,i am told1 t ! decorations & habits co/ ! ,emp]or ?irty ?\s& p\nds /]l+4 ,! /age 0 built ov] a v l>ge canal1 & at ! beg9n+ ( ! second act divid$ into two p>ts1 discov]+ ! wat]1 on :i* !re imm$iately came1 f diff]5t p>ts1 two fleets ( little gild$ vessels t gave ! repres5tation ( a naval fight4 ,x is n easy to imag9e ! beauty ( ?is sc5e1 :i* ,i took p>ticul> notice (4 ,b all ! re/ 7 p]fectly f9e 9 _! k9d4 ,! /ory ( ! ,op]a is ! en*antm5t ( ,alc9a1 :i* gives opportunities = a great v>iety ( ma*9es1 & *anges ( sc5es :i* are p]=m$ ) surpris+ swiftness4 ,! !atre is s l>ge t x is h>d to c>ry ! eye to ! end ( x1 & ! habits 9 ! utmo/ magnific5ce to ! numb] ( "o hundr$ & eight4 ,no h\se c\ld hold su* l>ge decorations2 b ! ladies all sitt+ 9 ! op5 air exposes !m to great inconv5i5ces1 = !re is b "o canopy = ! ,imp]ial ,family1 & ! fir/ night x 0 repres5t$1 a %[] ( ra9 happ5+1 ! op]a 0 brok5 (f1 & ! company cr[d$ away 9 su* confusion t ,i 0 almo/ squeez$ to dea?4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sc5ic ,,decorations4 ,"o ( ^! op5 air !atres1 ?\gh d\btless on a mu* small] scale ?an t ( ,vi5na1 /ood 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,tuil]ies1 at ,p>is1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,x 0 emb[]$ 9 trees & cov]$ ) creep+ plants1 & ! p]=mances took place !re 9 ! day-"t4 ,^! g>d5 !atres 7 kn[n to ! ,romans1 witness ! foll[+ l9es ( ,ovid3-- ,illic quas tul]ant nemorosa palatia1 frondes ,simplicit] posit2 sc5a s9e arte fuit4 ,de ,arte ,am&i1 ,lib] ,i41 v4 #aje4 ,i myself saw a little !atre ( ! k9d1 9 #ahef1 at ,fl5sburgh1 9 ,d5m>k4 ,!re 0 a pleasure-gr\nd 9 front1 ) b5*es & *airs = ! audi5ce4 ,! /age door at ! back op5$ into a cabbage g>d54 ,! p]=mances1 :i* consi/$ ( a com$y & f>ce took place 9 ! aft]noon1 & end$ at dusk4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i h already spok5 ( ! magnific5ce & p]fection ( ! sc5ic pictures exhibit$ at ! ,italian !atres 9 ! v fir/ days ( ! ,op]a4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury imm5se !atres 7 con/ruct$ s z to admit ( ! mo/ elaborate spectacul> displays4 ,! ,f>nes9o ,!atre1 at ,p>ma1 built = dramas1 t\rnam5ts1 & spectacles ( all k9ds1 & :i* is n[ a ru91 conta9$ at lea/ fifty ?\s& spectators4#bh ,9 ! #ah? c5tury ! ,italians seem to h ?\ght m ( ! music ( _! op]as1 & to h left ! vanities ( !atrical decorations to ! ,g]mans4 ,s]v&oni1 = "s "t sc5e pa9t] & decorator at ! ,acadmie ,royale ( ,p>is n f9d+ t !atre suffici5tly va/ = 8 designs1 s\ght a new field = 8 ambition at ! ,op]a-,h\se ( ,dresd51 :]e ,augu/us ( ,pol& engag$ him to sup]9t5d ! arrangem5t ( ! /age4 ,s]v&oni pa9t$ a numb] ( admirable sc5es = ?is !atre1 9 ! mid/ ( :i* f\r hundr$ m\nt$ horsem5 7 able to manuvre ) ease4 ,9 #agfj ! ,c\rt ( ! ,duke ( ,wurtemburg1 at ,/uttg>dt1 0 ! mo/ brilliant 9 ,europe1 ow+ p>tly1 no d\bt1 to ! enorm\s subsidies receiv$ by ! ,duke f ,france = a body ( t5 ?\s& m51 :i* he ma9ta9$ at ! s]vice ( t p[]4 ,! ,duke _h a ,fr5* !atre1 & two ,italian !atres1 "o = ,op]a ,s]ia1 & ! o!r = ,op]a ,buffa4 ,! celebrat$ ,nov]re 0 8 ballet-ma/]1 & !re 7 a hundr$ danc]s 9 ! corps de ballet1 besides tw5ty pr9cipal ones1 ea* ( :om _h be5 fir/ danc] at "o ( ! *ief !atres ( ,italy4 ,jomelli 0 *apel-ma/] & director ( ! ,op]a at ,/uttg>dt f #aged until #aggc4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sc5ic ,,decorations4 ,9 ! way ( /age decorations1 !atrical effects1 & ! v>i\s o!r spectacul> devices by :i* manag]s /ill seek to attract to _! ,op]as ^? :o are unable to appreciate good music1 we h made no progress s9ce ! #ag? c5tury4 ,we h1 to be sure1 gas & ! electric light1 :i* 7 n kn[n to our =efa!rs2 b ,/4 ,evrmond tells u t 9 ,l\is ! ,,xiv4's "t ! sun & moon 7 s well repres5t$ at ! ,acadmie ,royale1 t ! ,ambassador ( ,gu9ea1 assi/+ at "o ( its p]=mances1 leant =w>d 9 8 box1 :5 ^? orbs appe>$ & religi\sly salut$ !m4 ,to be sure1 ?is anecdote may be class$ ) "o ,i h he>d 9 ,russia1 ( an actor :o1 play+ ! "p ( a be> 9 a gr& melodrama1 9 :i* a /orm 0 introduc$1 cross$ himself dev\tly at ea* clap ( ?und]2 b ! /ories ( ,s]v&oni's & ,b]n9o's decorations are no fables4 ,l ! o!r great ma/]s ( /age effect 9 ,italy1 ,b]n9o 0 an ar*itect1 a sculptor & a pa9t]4 ,8 sunsets are said to h be5 m>vell\s2 & 9 a spectacul> piece ( 8 composition1 entitl$ ,! ,inundation ( ! ,tib]1 a mass ( wat] 0 se5 to come 9 f ! back ( ! /age1 gradually approa*+ ! or*e/ra & wa%+ d[n ev]y?+ t imp$$ its onw>d c\rse1 until at la/ ! audi5ce1 believ+ ! inundation to be real1 rose 9 t]ror & 7 ab\t to ru% f ! !atre4 ,traps1 h[ev]1 7 ready to be op5$ 9 all p>ts ( ! /age4 ,! ,neptune ( ! tr\bl$ !atrical waves gave ! ^w1 ----et dicto citis tumida quora placat4 ,b 9 ,italy1 ev5 at ! "t :5 su* wond]s 7 be+ effect$ 9 ! way ( /age decorations1 ! music ( an op]a 0 /ill its prime attraction2 inde$1 !re 7 !atres = op]as & !atres = spectacul> dramas1 & x is a mi/ake to attempt ! union ( ! two 9 any great excell5ce1 inasmu* z ! "o naturally int]f]es ) & div]ts att5tion f ! o!r4 ,( ,v5ice & its music1 9 ! days :5 gr& hunts1 *>ges ( cavalry1 triumphal processions 9 :i* hundr$s ( horsem5 took "p1 & %ips trav]s+ ! ocean1 & proce$+ full sail to ! discov]y ( ,am]ica 7 introduc$ on to ! /age2#bi ( ,v5ice & its music ev5 at ?is highly decorative p]iod1 ,/4 ,evrmond has giv5 u a brief b v satisfactory acc\nt 9 ! foll[+ doggrel3-- ,a ,v5ise ri5 n'e/ gal3 ,sept opras1 le c>neval2 ,et la m]veille1 l'excell5ce1 ,po9t de *urs et jamais de danse1 ,dans les maisons1 s\v5t conc]t1 ,o t\t se *ante livre ouv]t4 ,! op]atic *orus1 z has already be5 obs]v$1 is an inv5tion claim$ by ! ,fr5*#cj2 on ! o!r h&1 f ! v f\ndation ( ! ,acadmie ,royale1 ! ,fr5* r5d]$ _! ,op]as ridicul\s by introduc+ ballets into ! middle ( !m4 ,we %all f9d ,r\sseau call+ att5tion to ?is absurd cu/om :i* /ill prevails at ! ,acadmie1 :]e if ev5 ,fidelio 0 to be produc$1 x w\ld be consid]$ necess>y to enliv5 "o or m ( ! sc5es ) a div]tissem5t--s un*ang+ & un*angeable are ! revolution>y ,fr5* 9 all t is futile4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,op]a ,,at ,,vi5na4 ,we h se5 t 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ! ,op]a at ,vi5na 0 *iefly rem>kable = its size1 & ! spl5d\r & magnific5ce ( its sc5]y4 ,b x soon became a fir/-rate musical !atre2 & x 0 !re1 z e "o :o takes an int]e/ 9 music kn[s1 t ne>ly all ! ma/]pieces ( ,gluck & ,moz>t#ca 7 produc$4 ,! ,fr5* sometimes speak ( ,gluck's great works z if !y belong$ exclusively to ! rep]tory ( _! ,acadmie4 ,i h already m5tion$ t f\r ye>s be=e ,gluck w5t to ,p>is 7#aggd71 8 ,orfeo 0 play$ 9 ,london4 ,?is op]a 0 br\ght out at ,vi5na 9 #agfd1 :5 x 0 p]=m$ tw5ty-eight times 9 succession4 ,! success ( ,alce/e 0 /ill great]2 & aft] its production 9 #agfh1 no o!r op]a 0 play$ = two ye>s4 ,at ?is p]iod1 ! imp]ial family did n conf9e ! int]e/ !y took 9 ! ,op]a to m]e patronage2 f\r ,au/rian ar*du*esses1 si/]s ( ! ,emp]or ,*>les ,,vii41 !mselves appe>$ on ! /age1 & p]=m$1 among o!r pieces1 9 ! ,eg]ia ( ,meta/asio & ,hasse1 & ev5 9 ,gluck's works4 ,*>les ,,vii4 himself play$ on ! h>psi*ord & ! violoncello2 & ! ,empress "m1 !n sev5ty ye>s ( age1 once said1 9 conv]s+ ) ,fau/9a 7,hasse's wid[ at t "t71 ,i am ! olde/ dramatic s+] 9 ,europe2 ,i made my db :5 ,i 0 five ye>s old4 ,*>les ,,vi4 too1 ,leopold's successor1 if n a musician1 _h1 at lea/1 consid]able ta/e 9 music2 & ,f>9elli in=m$ ,dr4 ,burney t he 0 mu* indebt$ to ?is sov]eign = an admonition he once receiv$ f him4 ,! ,emp]or told ! s+] t 8 p]=mance 0 surpris+1 &1 inde$1 prodigi\s2 b t all 0 unavail+ z long z he did n succe$ 9 t\*+ ! he>t4 ,x w\ld appe> t at ?is "t ,f>9elli's /yle 0 want+ 9 simplicity & expressiv5ess2 b an arti/ ( ! intellig5ce & ta/e :i* 8 correspond5ce ) ,meta/asio proves him to h possess$1 w\ld be sure to correct himself ( any su* fail+s ! mom5t 8 att5tion 0 call$ to !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,s+]s ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury4 ,! #ah? c5tury produc$ a multitude ( great s+]s4 ,_! voices h gone ) !m2 b we "k f ! music !y sang1 f ! embelli%m5ts & cad5ces :i* h be5 not$ d[n1 & :i* are z good evid5ce n[ z :5 !y 7 fir/ execut$1 t ^? virtuosi _h br\ght ! vocal art to a p]fection ( :i*1 9 ^! lat] days1 we meet ) only ! r>e/ examples4 ,is music to be writt5 = ! sake ( s+]s1 or are s+]s to le>n to s+ = ! sake ( music8 ,( ! two propositions1 ,i decid$ly pref] ! latt]2 b x mu/1 at ! same "t1 be rem>k$1 t unless ! executive qualities ( ! s+] be /udi$ to a consid]able ext5t1 ! s+] w soon cease to pay mu* att5tion to 8 execution4 ,cont9ue to give him s+able music1 h[ev] difficult1 & he w cont9ue to le>n to s+1 c\nt+ ! difficulties to be ov]come only z s _m opportunities = new triumphs2 b if ! music giv5 to him is su* z c1 p]haps ev5 mu/1 be %\t$1 x is to be expect$ t he w soon cease to /udy ! intricacies & delicacies ( 8 art2 & 9 "t1 if music truly vocal be put be=e him1 he w be unable to s+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! great s+]s ( ! #ag? c5tury1 to judge f ! cantil5as ( ,cacc9i's1 ,p]i's1 & ,montev]de's op]as1 mu/ h cultivat$ expression r ?an ornam5tation2 ?\gh :at ,manc9i tells u ab\t ! s++ ( ,bal?az> ,f]ri1 & ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 receiv$1 proves t ! florid1 highly-adorn$ /yle 0 also 9 vogue4 ,^! e>ly ,italian virtuosi 7a "n :i* !y adopt$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! #ag? c5tury to di/+ui% !mselves f m]e actors7 n only possess$ great acquirem5ts z s+]s1 b 7 also excell5t musicians2 & _m ( !m display$ great ability 9 matt]s q unconnect$ ) _! pr(ession4 ,/radella1 ! only vocali/ ( :om x is record$ t 8 s++ sav$ 8 life1 compos$ an op]a1 ,la ,=za dell ,amor pat]no1 ( :i* ! manifold beauties caus$ him to be proclaim$ beyond comp>ison ! fir/ ,apollo ( music3 ! foll[+ inscription be+ /amp$ by au?ority on ! publi%$ score--,ba/&o il dirti1 *e il conc]to di si p]fetta melodia sia valore d'un ,aless&ro1 civ del ,signor ,/radella1 riconosc9to s5za contra/o p] il primo ,apollo della musica4 ,atto1 an ,italian t5or1 :o came to ,p>is ) ,leonora ,b>oni1 & :o _h ap>tm5ts giv5 him 9 ,c>d9al ,maz>9's palace1 0 aft]w>ds entru/$ by t m9i/] ) a political mission to ! c\rt ( ,bav>ia1 :i*1 h[ev]1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 0 j !n presid$ ov]1 n by an elector1 b by an electoress4 ,f>9elli became ! confid5tial advis]1 if n ! actual m9i/] 7z has be5 (t5 /at$1 b )\t f\ndation7 ( ! k+ ( ,spa94 ,9 ! pres5t day1 ! only virtuoso ,i "k ( 7! "n has n[ a m g5]al signification7 :o has be5 entru/$ ) quasi-diplomatic functions is ,vivi]1 ! fir/ horn play]1 &1 9 8 own way1 ! fir/ humori/ ( ! age2 ,i believe x is no secret t ?is faceti\s virtuoso fills ! (fice ( secret>y to 8 ,excell5cy ,vely ,pa%a4 ,sid5ote3 ,,s+]s ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury4 ,bontempi1 9 8 ,hi/oria ,musica1 gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! s*ool ( s++ direct$ by ,mazzoc*i1 at ,rome1 9 #afbj3 ,at ! s*ools ( ,rome1 ! pupils 7 oblig$ to give up "o h\r e day to ! s++ ( difficult passages till !y 7 well acqua9t$ ) !m2 ano!r to ! practice ( ! %ake2 ano!r to feats ( agility2#cb ano!r to ! /udy ( lett]s2 ano!r to vocal ex]cises1 "u ! direction ( a ma/]1 & be=e a look+-glass1 s t !y might be c]ta9 !y 7 mak+ no disagreeable movem5t ( ! muscles ( ! face1 ( ! =ehead1 ( ! eyes1 or ( ! m\?4 ,s mu* = ! occupation ( ! morn+4 ,9 ! aft]noon1 half-an-h\r 0 devot$ to ! !ory ( s++2 ano!r half-h\r to c\nt]po9t2 an h\r to he>+ ! rules ( composition1 & putt+ !m 9 practice on _! tablets2 ano!r to ! /udy ( lett]s2 & ! re/ ( ! day to practis+ ! h>psi*ord1 to ! composition ( "s psalm1 motet1 canzonetta1 or any o!r piece accord+ to ! s*ol>'s own ideas4 ,su* 7 ! ord9>y ex]cises ( ! s*ool 9 days :5 ! s*ol>s did n leave ! h\se4 ,:5 !y w5t out1 !y (t5 walk$ t[>ds ,monte ,m>io1 & sang :]e !y c\ld he> ! e*o ( _! notes1 s t ea* might judge by ! response ( ! ju/ness ( 8 execution4 ,!y1 moreov]1 sang at all ! musical solemnities ( ! ,roman ,*ur*es2 foll[+1 & obs]v+ ) att5tion ! mann] & /yle ( an inf9ity ( great s+]s :o liv$ "u ! pontificate ( ,urban ,,viii41 s t !y c\ld aft]w>ds r5d] an acc\nt ( _! obs]vations to ! ma/]1 :o1 ! bett] to impress ! result ( ^! /udies on ! m9ds ( 8 pupils1 add$ :atev] rem>ks & cautions he ?\ght necess>y4 ,) su* a sy/em z ! above1 x w\ld h be5 impossible1 suppos+ ! /ud5ts to h possess$ any natural disposition = s++1 n to h produc$ good s+]s4 ,we h spok5 already ( "s ( ! be/ vocali/s ( ! #ah? c5tury2 ( ,fau/9a1 ,cuzzoni1 & ,m+otti2 ( ,nicol9i1 ,s5es9o1 & ,f>9elli4 ,( ,f>9elli's life1 h[ev] 7:i* 0 s int]e/+ t x has af=d$ to a ,g]man compos] ! subject ( "o op]a1 to ,m4 ,m4 ,scribe & ,aub]1 t ( ano!r1 ,la "p du ,diable1 & to ,m4 ,scribe ! plan ( ,c>lo ,bros*i1 a tale71 ,i mu/ give a few m p>ticul>s2 & ?is w also be a conv5i5t opportunity = sket*+ ! c>e]s ( "s two or ?ree o!rs ( ! great ,italian s+]s ( ?is epo*1 su* z ,caff>elli1 ,gabrielli1 ,guadagni1 c4 ,fir/1 z to 8 "n4 ,x is g5]ally said t ,c>lo ,bros*i ow$ 8 appellation ( ,f>9elli to ! circum/ance ( 8 fa!r hav+ be5 a mill]1 or a fl\r m]*ant4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is pure conjecture4 ,no "o kn[s or c>es :o ,c>lo ,bros*i's fa!r 01 b he 0 call$ ,f>9elli1 because he 0 ! recognis$ protg ( ! ,f>9a family2 j z ano!r s+]1 :o 0 kn[n to be "o ( ,porpora's favorite pupils1 0 nam$ ,porpor9o4 ,sid5ote3 ,,s+]s' ,,nicknames4 ,descriptive nicknames 7 giv5 to ! celebrat$ musicians z well z to ! celebrat$ pa9t]s ( ,italy4 ,num]\s compos]s & s+]s ow$ _! sobriquets ,,to ,,_! ,,native ,,c\ntry2 z-- ,il ,sassone 7,hasse71 born at ,b]g5dorf1 9 ,saxony2 ,portogallo 7,simao72 ,lo ,spagnuolo 7,v9c5t ,m>t972 ,l',+les9a 7,cecilia ,davies72 ,la ,frances9a 7,elizabe? ,dup>c71 :o1 aft] s++ = "s ye>s ) success 9 ,italy & at ,london1 0 engag$ by ,h&el 9 #agde1 to take ! pr9cipal soprano p>ts 9 8 oratorios3 ,,to ,,_! ,,native ,,t[n2 z-- ,buranello1 ( ,burano 7,galuppi72 ,p]golese1 ( ,p]gola 7,jesi72 ,la ,f]r>ese1 ( ,f]r>a 7,francesca ,gabrielli72 ,s5es9o1 ( ,si5na 7,b]n>di73 ,,to ,,! ,,pr(ession ,,( ,,_! ,,p>5ts2 z-- ,la ,co*etta 7,cat>9a71 ^: fa!r 0 cook to ,pr9ce ,gabrielli1 at ,rome3 ,,to ,,! ,,place ,,!y ,,inhabit$2 z-- ,*ecca della ,laguna1 7,francesca ( ! ,lagune73 ,,to ,,! ,,"n ,,( ,,_! ,,ma/]2 z-- ,caff>elli 7,majorano71 pupil ( ,caff>o2 ,gizziello 7,conti71 pupil ( ,gizzi2 ,porpor9o 7,hub]t71 pupil ( ,porpora3 ,,to ,,! ,,"n ,,( ,,_! ,,patron2 z-- ,f>9elli 7,c>lo ,bros*i71 protect$ by ! ,f>9as1 ( ,naples2 ,gabrielli 7,cat>9a71 protect$ by ,pr9ce ,gabrielli2 ,cusanimo 7,c>e/9i71 protect$ by ! ,cusani family ( ,milan3 ,,to ,,! ,,"p ,,9 ,,:i* ,,!y ,,_h ,,p>ticul>ly ,,di/+ui%$ ,,!mselves2 z-- ,siface 7,grossi71 :o _h obta9$ a triumphant success1 z t p]sonage1 9 ,sc>latti's ,mitridate4 ,b ! mo/ a/oni%+ ( all ^! nicknames 0 t giv5 to ,lucrezia ,agui>i1 :o1 be+ a natural *ild1 0 call$ publicly1 9 ! playbills & 9 ! newspap]s1 ,la ,ba/>d9a1 or ,la ,ba/>della4 ,cat>9a1 call$ ,gabrielli1 a s+] to be rank$ ) ! ,fau/9as & ,cuzzonis1 naturally became disgu/$ ) h] appellation ( la coc*etta 7little cook7 z soon z %e _h acquir$ a little celebrity4 ,%e accord+ly assum$ ! "n ( ,pr9ce ,gabrielli1 h] patron2 ,francesca ,gabrielli1 :o 0 9 no way relat$ to ! celebrat$ ,cat>9a1 keep+ to t ( ,f]r>ese1 or ,gabriell9a1 z %e 0 sometimes call$4 ,b to return to my %ort anecdotal biographies ( a few ( ^! s+]s4#cc ,c>lo ,bros*i1 !n1 call$ ,f>9elli1 fir/ di/+ui%$ himself1 at ! age ( sev5te51 9 a bravura ) an obligato trumpet accompanim5t1 :i* ,porpora1 8 ma/]1 wrote expressly = him1 & = a ,g]man trumpet-play] ^: skill on t in/rum5t 0 prodigi\s4 ,! air comm5c$ ) a su/a9$ note1 giv5 by ! trumpet4 ,?is note 0 !n tak5 up by ! vocali/1 :o held x ) consummate art = su* a l5g? ( "t t ! audi5ce fell into raptures ) ! beauty & fulness ( 8 voice4 ,! note 0 !n attack$1 & held successively by ! play] & ! s+]1 pianissimo1 cresc5do1 =te1 =tissimo1 dim9u5do1 smorz&o1 p]d5dosi--( :i* ! effect may be imag9$ f ! deliri\s transports ( ! lady :o1 on he>+ ?is "o note sev]al times repeat$1 ha/5$ to proclaim 9 ! same brea? ! unity ( ! ,deity & ! uniqu5ess ( ,f>9elli4 ,?is trumpet song occurs orig9ally 9 ,porpora's ,eom5e2 & ,f>9elli sang x = ! fir/ "t at ,rome1 9 #agbb4 ,9 ,london1 9 #agcd1 he introduc$ x 9 ,hasse's ,artas]se1 ! op]a 9 :i* he made 8 db1 at ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 "u ! direction ( ,porpora1 8 old preceptor4 ,sid5ote3 ,,f>9elli',s ,,"o ,,note4 ,i1 :o h he>d a good _m f9e s+]s1 & "o or two ^: voices ,i %all n easily =get1 mu/ confess myself unable to und]/& ! en?usiasm caus$ by ,f>9elli's "o note1 h[ev] wond]ful ! art t produc$ x1 h[ev] exquisite ! gradations ( s\nd :i* gave x col\r1 & p]haps a c]ta9 appe>ance ( life2 = "o musical s\nd is1 aft] all1 n music4 ,bilboquet1 9 ,dum]san & ,v>9's admirable burlesque com$y ( ,les ,saltimbanques1 w\ld1 p]haps1 h und]/ood x2 &1 really1 :5 ,i read ( ! effect ,f>9elli produc$ by keep+ to "o note1 ,i _c help ?9k+ ( ! directions giv5 by ! old humori/ & sc\ndrel to an incompet5t dbutant on ! trombone4 ,! amateur has ! in/rum5t put into 8 h&s1 &1 ) great difficulty1 succe$s 9 br++ out "o note2 b1 to save 8 life1 he c\ld n produce two4 ,nev] m9d1 says ,bilboquet1 "o note is en\gh4 ,keep on play+ x1 & p :o are fond ( t note w be delight$4 ,h[ little ! au?ors ( ,les ,saltimbanques knew t "o note _h delight$ & en*ant$ ?\s&s6 ,n only is tru? /rang] ?an fiction1 b reality is m grotesque ev5 ?an a burlesque fancy4 ,f>9elli visit$ ,p>is 9 #agcg1 & sang be=e ,l\is ,,xv41 :o1 accord+ to ,riccoboni1 0 delight$1 ?\gh ,8 ,maje/y c>$ v little = music1 & lea/ ( all = ,italian music4 ,x is also said t1 on ! :ole1 ,f>9elli 0 by no means satisfi$ ) 8 reception 9 ,p>is1 nor ) ! g5]al di/a/e ( ! ,fr5* = ! music ( 8 c\ntry2 & "s writ]s g s f> z to ma9ta9 t ! ill-w he always %[$ to ,france dur+ 8 resid5ce1 9 a confid5tial position1 at ! ,c\rt ( ,madrid1 0 attributable to 8 irritat+ recollections ( 8 visit to ! ,fr5* capital4 ,9 #ageb1 ! ,duke de ,duras 0 *>g$ ) a secret mission to ! ,spani% ,c\rt 7conc]n+ an alliance ) ,france71 :i* is suppos$ to h misc>ri$ ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,f>9elli2 b !re 7 pl5ty ( good reasons1 indep5d5tly ( any p]sonal dislike he may h _h = ! ,fr5*1 = advis+ ,f]d9& ,,vi4 to ma9ta9 8 good und]/&+ ) ! cab9ets ( ,vi5na1 ,london1 & ,tur94 ,sid5ote3 ,,f>9elli ,,at ,,madrid4 ,f]d9&'s fav\rite s+] rema9$ t5 ye>s 9 8 s]vice2 soo?+ & consol+ him ) 8 songs1 &1 aft] a "t1 giv+ him valuable political advice4 ,f>9elli's quasi-m9i/]ial functions did n prev5t him f cont9u+ to s+ e day4 ,e day1 = t5 ye>s1 ! same ?+6 ,or r1 ! same ?+s1 = ,8 ,maje/y's p>ticul> collection includ$ z _m z f\r diff]5t airs4 ,two ( !m 7 by ,hasse1 ,pallido il sole & ,p] que/o dulce amplesso4 ,! ?ird 0 a m9uet1 on :i* ,f>9elli improvis$ v>iations4 ,x has be5 calculat$ t dur+ ! t5 ye>s he sang ! same airs1 & nev] any?+ else1 ab\t ?ree ?\s& six hundr$ times4 ,if ,f]d9& ,,vi4 _h n1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 be5 half insane1 surely ?is w\ld h driv5 him mad4 ,caff>elli1 he>+ ( ,f>9elli's success at ,madrid1 is said to h made ?is curi\s obs]vation3 ,he des]ves to be ,prime ,m9i/]2 he has an admirable voice4 ,sid5ote3 ,,an ,,op]atic ,,duel4 ,caff>elli 0 reg>d$ z ,f>9elli's rival2 & "s critics1 includ+ ,porpora1 :o _h taught bo?1 consid]$ him ! greate/ s+] ( ! two4 ,?is soprani/ 0 notori\s = 8 intol]able insol5ce1 ( :i* num]\s anecdotes are told4 ,he w\ld affect indisposition1 :5 p]sons ( great importance 7 anxi\s to he> him s+1 & _h engag$ him = t purpose4 ,omnibus hoc vitium cantoribus2 b x may be said ,caff>elli 0 caprici\s & ov]be>+ to an unusual ext5t4 ,meta/asio1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 tells u t at a rehe>sal :i* _h be5 ord]$ at ! ,op]a ( ,vi5na1 all ! p]=m]s obey$ ! summons except ,caff>elli2 he appe>$1 h[ev]1 at ! end ( ! rehe>sal1 & ask$ ! company ) a v disda9ful air1 ,:at 0 ! use ( ^! rehe>sals8 ,! conductor answ]$1 9 a voice ( au?ority1 t no "o 0 call$ ^u to acc\nt to him = :at 0 done2 t he ought to be glad t 8 failure 9 att5dance _h be5 suff]$2 t 8 pres5ce or abs5ce 0 ( little consequ5ce to ! success ( ! op]a2 b t :atev] he *ose to d himself1 he ought1 at lea/1 to let o!rs d _! duty4 ,caff>elli1 9 a great rage1 exclaim$ t he :o _h ord]$ su* a rehe>sal 0 a solemn coxcomb4 ,at ?is1 all ! pati5ce & dignity ( ! poet =sook him2 & gett+ into a t[]+ passion1 he hon\r$ ! s+] ) all ^? glori\s titles :i* ,caff>elli _h e>n$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,europe1 & slightly t\*$1 b 9 lively col\rs1 "s ( ! mo/ memorable p>ticul>s ( 8 life2 nor 0 he likely soon to come to a close2 b ! h]o ( ! panegyric1 cutt+ ! ?read ( 8 own praise1 boldly call$ out to 8 eulogi/3 ',foll[ me1 if ?\ ha/ c\rage1 to a place :]e !re is none to assi/ !e1 99 99 99 99 99 ,! by/&]s tremble2 ea* calls on 8 tutel> sa9t1 expect+ e mom5t to see poetical & vocal blood bespr9kle ! h>psi*ords & d\ble basses4 ,b at l5g? ! ,signora ,tesi1 ris+ f "u h] canopy1 :]e1 till n[1 %e _h rema9$ a mo/ tranquil spectator1 walk$ ) a sl[ & /ately /ep t[>ds ! combatants2 :51 ,o sov]eign p[] ( beauty6 ! frantic ,caff>elli1 ev5 9 ! fi]ce/ p>oxysm ( 8 wra?1 captivat$ & appeas$ by ?is unexpect$ t5d]ness1 runs ) rapture to meet h]2 lays 8 sword at h] feet2 begs p>don = 8 error2 & g5]\sly sacrific+ to h] 8 v5geance1 seals1 ) a ?\s& kisses ^u h] h&1 8 prote/ations ( ob$i5ce1 respect & humility4 ,! nymph signifies h] =giv5ess by a nod2 ! poet %ea!s 8 sword2 ! spectators beg9 to brea! aga92 & ! tumultu\s assembly breaks up amid ! joy\s s\nds ( laught]4 ,( ,caff>elli a curi\s1 & z x seems to me fabul\s1 /ory is told to ! effect t = five ye>s ,porpora all[$ him to s+ no?+ b a s]ies ( scales & ex]cises1 all ( :i* 7 writt5 d[n on "o %eet ( pap]4 ,accord+ to ?is anecdote1 ,caff>elli1 ) a pati5ce :i* did n di/+ui% him 9 aft] life1 ask$ s]i\sly aft] 8 five ye>s' scale practice1 :5 he 0 likely to get beyond ! rudim5ts ( 8 art1--^u :i* ,porpora sudd5ly exclaim$3--,"y man y h no?+ m to le>n1 y are ! greate/ s+] 9 ! _w4 ,9 ,london1 h[ev]1 com+ aft] ,f>9elli1 ,caff>elli did n meet ) any?+ l ! same success4 ,at ,tur91 :5 ! ,pr9ce ( ,savoy told ,caff>elli1 aft] prais+ him greatly1 t ! pr9cess ?\ght x h>dly possible any s+] c\ld please aft] ,f>9elli1 ,to night1 exclaim$ ! soprani/1 9 ! fulness ( 8 vanity1 %e %all he> two ,f>9ellis4 ,:at w\ld ! ,engli% lady h said to ?is1 :o ma9ta9$ t !re 0 b "o ,f>9elli8 ,at sixty-five ye>s ( age1 ,caff>elli 0 /ill s++2 b he _h made an enorm\s =tune--_h pur*as$ no?+ less ?an a duk$om = 8 nephew1 & _h built himself a sup]b palace1 ov] ! entrance ( :i* he plac$ ! foll[+ mode/ inscription3-- ,amphion ,,!bas1 ego domum4 ,ille eum1 s9e tu6 wrote a comm5tator b5ea? x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,guadagni 0 ! creator ( ! p>ts ( ,telemacco & ,orfeo1 9 ! op]as by ,gluck1 be>+ ^? names4 ,he sang 9 ,london 9 #agff1 at ,v5ice ! ye> aft]w>ds1 :5 he 0 made a ,knight ( ,/4 ,m>k2 at ,potsdam be=e ! ,k+ ( ,prussia1 9 #aggf1 c4 ,guadagni amass$ a l>ge =tune1 ?\gh he 0 at ! same "t not$ = 8 g5]osity4 ,he has ! cr$it ( hav+ l5t l>ge sums ( money to m5 ( good family1 :o _h ru9$ !mselves4 ,"o ( ^! impov]i%$ g5tlem5 said1 aft] borr[+ ! sum ( a hundr$ sequ9s f him-- ,i only want x z a loan1 ,i %all repay y4 ,t is n my int5tion1 repli$ ! s+]2 if ,i want$ to h x back1 ,i %\ld n l5d x to y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,gabrielli4 ,gabrielli 7,cat>9a7 is describ$ by ,brydone1 9 8 t\r ?r\gh ,sicily1 9 a lett]1 dat$ ,pal]mo1 ,july #bg1 #aggj4 ,%e 0 at ?is "t upw>ds ( ?irty1 b on ! /age appe>$ to be sc>cely eighte52 & ,brydone consid]s h] to h be5 ! mo/ dang]\s syr5 ( mod]n times1 add+1 t %e has made m conque/s ?an any woman liv+4 ,%e 0 wond]fully caprici\s1 he cont9ues1 & nei!r int]e/ nor flatt]y1 nor ?reats1 nor puni%m5t1 _h any p[] to control h]4 ,in/ead ( s++ h] airs z o!r actresses d1 = ! mo/ "p %e hums !m ov] a mezza voce1 & no art :atev] is capable ( mak+ h] s+ :5 %e does n *oose x4 ,! mo/ successful exp$i5t has ev] be5 f\nd to prevail on h] fav\rite lov] 7= %e always has "o7 to place himself 9 ! c5tre ( ! pit or ! front box1 & if !y are on good t]ms1 :i* is seldom ! case1 %e w address h] t5d] airs to him1 & ex]t h]self to ! utmo/4 ,h] pres5t inamorato promis$ to give u ?is specim5 ( 8 p[] ov] h]4 ,he took 8 seat accord+ly1 b ,gabrielli1 probably suspect+ ! connivance1 w\ld take no notice ( him1 s t ev5 ?is exp$i5t does n always succe$4 ,! vic]oy1 :o is fond ( music1 has tri$ e me?od ) h] to no purpose4 ,"s "t ago he gave a great d9n]1 & s5t an invitation to ,gabrielli to be ( ! p>ty4 ,e o!r p]son came at ! h\r ( invitation4 ,! vic]oy ord]$ d9n] to be put back1 & s5t to let h] "k t ! company _h all arriv$4 ,! mess5g] f\nd h] read+ 9 b$4 ,%e said %e 0 sorry = hav+ made ! company wait1 & begg$ he w\ld make h] apology1 b really %e _h entirely =gott5 h] engagem5t4 ,! vic]oy w\ld h =giv5 ?is piece ( insol5ce1 b :5 ! company w5t to ! ,op]a1 ,gabrielli repeat$ h] "p ) ! utmo/ neglig5ce & indiff]5ce1 & sang all h] airs 9 :at !y call sotto voce1 t is1 s l[ t !y c sc>cely be he>d4 ,! vic]oy 0 (f5d$2 b z he is a good temp]$ man1 he 0 lo? to en=ce 8 au?ority2 b at la/1 by a p]sev]ance 9 ?is insol5t /ubbornness1 %e oblig$ him to ?reat5 h] ) puni%m5t 9 case %e any long] refus$ to s+4 ,on ?is %e grew m ob/9ate ?an ev]1 decl>+ t =ce & au?ority w\ld nev] succe$ ) h]2 t he might make h] cry1 b nev] c\ld make h] s+4 ,! vic]oy !n s5t h] to prison1 :]e %e rema9$ twelve days2 dur+ :i* "t %e gave magnific5t ent]ta9m5ts e day1 paid ! debts ( all ! poor prison]s1 & di/ribut$ l>ge sums 9 *>ity4 ,! vic]oy 0 oblig$ to give up /ruggl+ ) h]1 & %e 0 at la/ set at lib]ty amid/ ! acclamations ( ! poor4 ,sid5ote3 ,,gabrielli4 ,gabrielli said at ?is "t t %e %\ld nev] d>e to appe> 9 ,engl&1 alleg+ z h] reason t if1 9 a fit ( caprice1 :i* might at any "t attack h]1 %e refus$ to s+1 or lo/ h] temp] & insult$ ! audi5ce1 !y 7 said to be s f]oci\s t !y w\ld probably murd] h]4 ,%e ass]t$1 h[ev]1 &1 d\btless1 ) tru?1 t x 0 n always caprice :i* prev5t$ h] s++1 & t %e 0 (t5 really indispos$ & unable to s+1 :5 ! public imag9$ t %e abs5t$ h]self f ! !atre f caprice alone4 99 99 99 99 99 ,m+otti us$ to say t ! ,london public w\ld admit t any "o might h a cold1 a head-a*e1 or a fev]1 except a s+]4 ,9 ! pres5t day1 our audi5ces (t5 %[ ! mo/ unju/ifiable ang] because1 :ile half ! p 9 a conc]t room are c\gh+ & sneez+1 "s fav\rite vocali/1 ) an exceptionally delicate l>ynx1 is unable to s+ an air1 ( :i* ! execution w\ld be sure to fatigue ! voice ev5 9 its heal?ie/ condition4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to ,brydone's anecdotes ( ,gabrielli we may add ano!r4 ,! ambassador ( ,france at ! c\rt ( ,vi5na 0 viol5tly 9 love ) our caprici\s & ungov]nable vocali/4 ,9 a fit ( jeal\sy1 he attempt$ to /ab h]1 & ,gabrielli 0 only sav$ f transfixion by ! :alebone ( h] /ays4 ,z x 01 %e 0 slightly w\nd$4 ,! ambassador ?rew himself at ! s+]'s feet & obta9$ h] =giv5ess1 on condition ( giv+ up 8 sword1 on :i* ! (f5d$ prima donna propos$ to engrave ! foll[+ words3--,! sword (----1 :o on su* a day 9 su* a ye>1 d>$ to /rike ,la ,gabrielli4 ,meta/asio1 h[ev]1 succe$$ 9 p]suad+ h] to ab&on ?is int5tion4 ,9 #agfg ,gabrielli w5t to ,p>ma1 b we>i$ by ! att5tions ( ! ,infant1 ,don ,philip 7h] accurs$ hun* back--gobbo maladetto--z %e call$ him71 %e escap$ 9 secret ! foll[+ ye> to ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 :]e ,ca!r9e ,,ii4 _h invit$ h] "s "t be=e4 ,:5 ! empress enquir$ :at t]ms ! celebrat$ s+] expect$1 ! sum ( five ?\s& ducats 0 nam$4 ,five ?\s& ducats1 repli$ ,ca!r9e2 n "o ( my field m>%als receives s mu*4 ,h] maje/y _h bett] ask h] field m>%als to s+1 said ,gabrielli4 ,ca!r9e gave ! five ?\s& ducats4 ,:e!r ! great ,s\v>(f's jeal\sy 0 excit$1 is n record$4 ,at ?is "t ! compos] ,galuppi 0 musical director at ! ,russian c\rt4 ,he w5t to ,/4 ,pet]sburgh 9 #agff1 & _h j return$ :5 ,dr4 ,burney saw him at ,v5ice4 ,among ! o!r great compos]s :o visit$ ,russia 9 ,ca!r9e's reign 7 ,cim>osa & ,paisiello1 ! latt] ( :om produc$ 8 ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia1 at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 9 #aghj4 ,mo/ ( ! celebrat$ ,italian vocali/s ( ! #ah? c5tury visit$ ,vi5na1 ,dresd51 ,london & ,madrid1 z well z ! pr9cipal cities ( _! own c\ntry1 & sometimes ev5 ,p>is1 :]e bo? ,f>9elli & ,caff>elli sang1 b only at conc]ts4 ,i _h hop$1 says ,r\sseau1 t ,caff>elli w\ld give u at ! ',conc]t ,spirituel' "s specim5 ( gr& recitative1 & ( ! pa!tic /yle ( s++1 t pret5d$ connoisseurs might he> once = all :at !y h s (t5 pron\nc$ an op9ion ^u2 b f 8 reasons = do+ no?+ ( ! k9d ,i f\nd t he und]/ood 8 audi5ce bett] ?an ,i did4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,op]a ,,9 ,,prussia ,,& ,,russia4 ,x 0 n until ! accession ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great1 w>rior1 flute play]1 & sev]e protector ( ! arts 9 g5]al1 t ! ,italian ,op]a 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,b]l92 & x _h be5 res]v$ = ,ca!r9e ! ,great to introduce x into ,/4 ,pet]sburgh4 ,9 proportion z ! ,op]a grew 9 ,prussia & ,russia x fad$ 9 ,pol&1 & its decay at ! c\rt ( ! ,elector ( ,saxony 0 foll[$ %ortly aft]w>ds by ! fir/ signs ( ! infam\s p>tition4 ,fr$]ick ! ,great's fav\rite compos]s 7 ,hasse1 ,agricola1 & ,graun1 ! la/ ( :om wrote a great numb] ( ,italian op]as = ! ,b]l9 ,!atre4 ,:5 ,dr4 ,burney 0 at ,b]l91 9 #aggb1 !re 7 fifty p]=m]s 9 ! or*e/ra4 ,!re 0 a l>ge *orus1 & a num]\s ballet1 & sev]al pr9cipal s+]s ( great m]it4 ,! k+ defray$ ! exp5ses ( ! :ole e/abli%m5t4 ,he also (ficiat$ z g5]al conductor1 /&+ 9 ! pit beh9d ! *ef d'or*e/re1 s z to h a view ( ! score1 & drill+ 8 musical troops 9 true milit>y fa%ion4 ,we are told t if any mi/ake 0 committ$ on ! /age1 or 9 ! or*e/ra1 ! k+ /opp$ ! (f5d]1 & admoni%$ him2 & x is really satisfactory to "k1 t if a s+] v5tur$ to alt] a s+le passage 9 8 "p 7:i* almo/ e s+] does 9 ! pres5t day7 ,8 ,maje/y sev]ely reprim&$ him1 & ord]$ him to keep to ! notes writt5 by ! compos]4 ,x 0 n ! ,op]a ( ,p>is1 nor ( ,london1 nor ( ,new ,york t %\ld h be5 call$ ! ,academy1 b evid5tly t ( ,b]l94 ,! celebrat$ ,madame ,m>a sang = _m ye>s at ! ,b]l9 ,op]a4 ,:5 h] fa!r ,h]r ,s*mal+ fir/ endeav\r$ to get h] engag$ by ! k+ ( ,prussia1 ,fr$]ick s5t 8 pr9cipal s+] ,morelli to he> h] & report ^u h] m]its4 ,sid5ote3 ,,an ,,op]atic ,,m>t9et4 ,%e s+s l a ,g]man1 said ! prejudic$ ,morelli1 & ! k+1 :o decl>$ t he %\ld z soon expect to receive pleasure f ! neigh+ ( 8 horse z f a ,g]man s+]1 paid no fur!r att5tion to ,s*mal+'s application4 ,! daught]1 h[ev]1 _h he>d ( ! k+'s s>casm1 & 0 det]m9$ to prove h[ ill-f\nd$ x 04 ,mademoiselle ,s*mal+ made h] db ) great success at ,dresd51 & aft]w>ds1 9 #agga1 w5t to ,b]l94 ,! k+1 :5 ! "y vocali/ 0 pres5t$ to him1 aft] a few unc\rte\s obs]vations1 ask$ h] if %e c\ld s+ at sight1 & plac$ be=e h] a v difficult bravura song4 ,mademoiselle ,s*mal+ execut$ x to p]fection1 ^u :i* ,fr$]ick paid h] a multitude ( complim5ts1 made h] a h&some pres5t1 & appo9t$ h] prima donna ( 8 company4 ,:5 ,madame ,m>a 9 #aghj wi%$ to visit ,engl& ) h] husb&1 7:o 0 a dissipat$ violoncelli/1 belong+ to ! ,b]l9 or*e/ra7 ! k+ positively prohibit$ _! dep>ture1 & on _! escap+ to ,vi5na1 s5t a despat* to ! ,emp]or ,joseph ,,ii41 reque/+ him to arre/ ! fugitives & s5d !m back4 ,! emp]or1 h[ev]1 m]ely gave !m a h9t t !y _h bett] get out ( ,vi5na z soon z possible1 :5 he w\ld in=m ! k+ t 8 mess5g] _h arriv$ too late4 ,aft]w>ds1 z soon z x 0 ?\ght %e c\ld d s ) safety1 ,madame ,m>a made h] appe>ance at ! ,vi5nese ,op]a & sang !re ) great success = ne>ly two ye>s4 ,accord+ to ano!r v]sion ( ,madame ,m>a's flight1 %e 0 arre/$ be=e %e _h pass$ ! ,prussian fronti]1 & sep>at$ f h] husb&1 :o 0 %ut up 9 a =tress1 & in/ead ( p]=m+ on ! violoncello 9 ! or*e/ra ( ! ,op]a1 0 made to play ! drum at ! head ( a regim5t4 ,! te>s ( ! s+] _h no effect ^u ! inflexible mon>*1 & x 0 only by giv+ up a portion ( h] sal>y 7s at lea/ runs ?is anecdote ( dubi\s au!nticity7 t %e c\ld obta9 ,m4 ,m>a's lib]ation4 ,9 any case x is c]ta9 t ! position ( ?is prima donna by no means assoluta1 at ! c\rt ( a v absolute k+1 0 by no means an agreeable "o1 & t %e _h n occupi$ x _m ye>s be=e %e endeav\r$ to lib]ate h]self f x by e device 9 h] p[]1 includ+ su* disob$i5ce ( ord]s z %e hop$ w\ld entail h] prompt dismissal4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 ! ,cs>evit*1 aft]w>ds ,paul ,i41 0 at ,b]l91 & ,madame ,m>a 0 to take ! pr9cipal "p 9 an op]a giv5 specially 9 8 hon\r1 %e pret5d$ to be ill1 & s5t ^w to ! !atre t %e w\ld be unable to appe>4 ,! k+ in=m$ h] on ! morn+ ( ! day fix$ = ! p]=mance t %e _h bett] get well1 = t well or ill %e w\ld h to s+4 ,nev]!less ,madame ,m>a rema9$ at home & 9 b$4 ,two h\rs be=e ! "t fix$ = ! comm5cem5t ( ! op]a1 a c>riage1 escort$ by a few dragoons1 /opp$ at h] door1 & an (fic] ent]$ h] room to ann\nce t he _h ord]s f ,8 ,maje/y to br+ h] alive or dead to ! !atre4 ,b y see ,i am 9 b$1 & _c get up1 remon/rat$ ! vocali/4 ,9 t case ,i mu/ take ! b$ too1 0 ! reply4 ,x 0 impossible n to obey4 ,ba!d 9 te>s %e all[$ h]self to be tak5 to h] dress+ room1 put on h] co/ume1 b resolv$ at ! same "t to s+ 9 su* a mann] t ! k+ %\ld rep5t ( 8 viol5ce4 ,%e con=m$ to h] det]m9ation ?r\gh\t ! fir/ act1 b x !n occurr$ to h] t ! ,russian gr& duke w\ld c>ry away a mo/ unwor?y op9ion ( h] tal5t4 ,%e q *ang$ h] tactics1 sang ) all possible brilliancy1 & is report$ 9 p>ticul> to h su/a9$ a %ake = su* a l5g? ( "t & ) su* wond]ful modulations ( voice1 t 8 ,imp]ial ,highness 0 en*ant$1 & applaud$ ! s+] en?usia/ically4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,m>ati/es ,,& ,,todi/es4 ,9 ,p>is ,madame ,m>a 0 receiv$ ) en?usiasm1 & f\nd$ ! celebrat$ p>ty ( ! ,m>ati/es1 to :i* 0 oppos$ ! almo/ equally di/+ui%$ sect ( ! ,todi/es4 ,madame ,todi 0 a ,portuguese1 & %e & ,madame ,m>a 7 ! *ief1 ?\gh cont5d+1 attractions at ! ,conc]t ,spirituel ( ,p>is1 9 #aghb4 ,^! rivalries betwe5 s+]s h occasion$1 9 v>i\s c\ntries & at v>i\s times1 a good _m fooli% v]ses & mots4 ,! ,m>a & ,todi disputes1 h[ev]1 inspir$ "o really good /anza1 :i* is z foll[s3-- ,todi p> sa voix t\*ante1 ,de d\x pleurs m\ille mes yeux2 ,m>a plus vive1 plus brillante1 ,m'tonne1 me transporte aux cieux4 ,l'une ravit et l'autre en*ante1 ,mais celle qui plait le mieux1 ,e/ t\j\rs celle qui *ante4 ,( ,madame ,m>a's p]=mances 9 ,london1 :]e %e obta9$ h] greate/ & mo/ endur+ triumphs1 ,i %all speak 9 ano!r *apt]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a good notion ( ! weak po9ts 9 ! ,op]a 9 ,italy dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! #ah? c5tury is giv51 t is to say1 is convey$ ironically1 9 ! celebrat$ satire by ,m>cello1 entitl$ ,teatro a la ,moda1 c41 c4#cd ,sid5ote3 ,,m>cello',s ,,satire4 ,! au?or beg9s by tell+ ! poet1 t !re is no occasion = 8 read+1 or hav+ read1 ! old ,greek & ,lat9 au?ors3 = ?is good reason1 t ! anci5ts nev] read any ( ! works ( ! mod]ns4 ,he w n ask any que/ions ab\t ! ability ( ! p]=m]s1 b w r inquire :e!r ! !atre is provid$ ) a good be>1 a good lion1 a good night+ale1 good ?und]1 lightn+ & e>?quakes4 ,he w introduce a magnific5t %[ 9 8 la/ sc5e1 & conclude ) ! usual *orus 9 hon\r ( ! sun1 ! moon or ! manag]4 ,9 d$icat+ 8 libretto to "s great p]sonage1 he w select him = 8 ri*es r ?an 8 le>n+1 & w give a %>e ( ! gratuity to 8 patron's cook1 or matre d'htel1 f :om he w obta9 all 8 titles1 t he may blazon !m on 8 title pages ) an c41 c4 ,he w exalt ! great man's family & ance/ors2 make an abundant use ( su* phrases z lib]ality & g5]osity ( s\l2 & if he c f9d any subject ( eulogy 7z is (t5 ! case71 he w say1 t he is sil5t ?r\gh fe> ( hurt+ 8 patron's mode/y2 b t fame1 ) h] hundr$ braz5 trumpets1 w spread 8 immortal "n f pole to pole4 ,he w d well to prote/ to ! read] t 8 op]a 0 compos$ 9 8 y\?1 & may add t x 0 writt5 9 a few days3 by ?is he w %[ t he is a true mod]n1 & has a prop] contempt = ! antiquat$ precept1 nonumque prematur 9 annum4 ,he may add1 too1 t he became a poet solely = 8 amusem5t1 & to div]t 8 m9d f grav] occupations2 b t he _h publi%$ 8 "w by ! advice ( 8 fri5ds & ! comm& ( 8 patrons1 & by no means f any love ( praise or desire ( pr(it4 ,he w take c>e n to neglect ! usual explanation ( ! ?ree great po9ts ( e drama1 ! place1 "t1 & action2 ! place1 signify+ 9 su* & su* a !atre2 ! "t1 f eight to twelve o'clock at night2 ! action1 ! ru9 ( ! manag]4 ,! incid5ts ( ! piece %\ld consi/ ( dungeons1 dagg]s1 poison1 bo>-hunts1 e>?quakes1 sacrifices1 madness1 & s =?2 because ! p are always greatly mov$ by su* unexpect$ ?+s4 ,a good mod]n poet ought to "k no?+ ab\t music1 because ! anci5ts1 accord+ to ,/rabo1 ,pl9y1 c41 ?\ght ?is k necess>y4 ,at ! rehe>sals he %\ld nev] tell 8 mean+ to any ( ! p]=m]s1 wisely reflect+ t !y always want to d ev]y?+ 9 _! own way4 ,if a husb& & wife are discov]$ 9 prison1 & "o ( !m is l$ away to die1 x is indisp5sable t ! o!r rema9 to s+ an air1 :i* %\ld be to lively words1 to relieve ! feel+s ( ! audi5ce1 & make !m und]/& t ! :ole affair is a joke4 ,if two ( ! *>act]s make love1 or plot a conspiracy1 x %\ld always be 9 ! pres5ce ( s]vants & att5dants4 ,! "p ( a fa!r or tyrant1 :5 x is ! pr9cipal "*1 %\ld always be giv5 to a soprano2 res]v+ ! t5ors & basses = capta9s ( ! gu>d1 confidants1 %eph]ds1 mess5g]s1 & s =?4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m>cello',s ,,satire4 ,! mod]n compos] is told t !re is no occasion = 8 be+ ma/] ( ! pr9ciples ( composition1 a little practice be+ all t is necess>y4 ,he ne$ n "k any?+ ( poetry1 or give himself any tr\ble ab\t ! mean+ ( ! words1 or ev5 ! quantities ( ! syllables4 ,nei!r is x necess>y t he %\ld /udy ! prop]ties ( ! /r+$ or w9d in/rum5ts2 if he c play on ! h>psi*ord1 x w d v well4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 be n amiss = him to h be5 = "s ye>s a viol9-play]1 or music-copi] = "s celebrat$ compos]1 ^: orig9al sc5es he may treasure up1 & ?us supply himself ) subjects = 8 airs1 recitations1 or *oruses4 ,he w by no means ?9k ( read+ ! op]a ?r\gh1 b w compose x l9e by l9e2 us+ = ! airs1 motivi :i* he has ly+ by him2 & if ! words d n g well bel[ ! notes1 he w torm5t ! poet till !y are alt]$ to 8 m9d4 ,:5 ! s+] comes to a cad5ce1 ! compos] w make all ! in/rum5ts /op1 leav+ x to ! s+] to d :atev] he pleases4 ,he w s]ve ! manag] on v l[ t]ms1 consid]+ ! ?\s&s ( cr[ns t ! s+]s co/ him3--he w1 !re=e1 cont5t himself ) an inf]ior sal>y to ! l[e/ ( ^!1 provid$ t he is n wrong$ by ! be>1 ! att5dants or ! sc5e-%ift]s be+ put above him4 ,:5 he is walk+ ) ! s+]s1 he w always give !m ! wall1 keep 8 hat 9 8 h&1 & rema9 a /ep 9 ! re>2 consid]+ t ! l[e/ ( !m1 on ! /age1 is at lea/ a g5]al1 a capta9 ( ! gu>ds1 or "s su* p]sonage4 ,all ! airs %\ld be =m$ ( ! same mat]ials--long divisions1 hold+ notes1 & repetitions ( insignificant words1 z amore1 amore1 imp]o1 imp]o1 ,europa1 ,europa1 furori1 furori1 orgoglio1 orgoglio1 c42 & !re=e ! compos] %\ld h be=e him a memor&um ( ! ?+s necess>y = ! t]m9ation ( e air4 ,?is w enable him to es*ew v>iety1 :i* is no long] 9 use4 ,aft] end+ a recitative 9 a flat key1 he w sudd5ly beg9 an air 9 ?ree or f\r %>ps2 & ?is by way ( novelty4 ,if ! mod]n compos] wi%es to write 9 f\r p>ts1 two ( !m mu/ proce$ 9 unison or octave1 only tak+ c>e t !re %all be a div]sity ( movem5t2 s t if ! "o "p proce$s by m9ims or crot*ets1 ! o!r w be 9 quav]s or semiquav]s4 ,he w *>m ! audi5ce ) airs1 accompani$ by ! /r+$ in/rum5ts pizzicati or con sord9i1 trumpets1 & o!r effective contrivances4 ,he w n compose airs ) a simple bass accompanim5t1 because ?is is no long] ! cu/om2 &1 besides1 he w\ld take z mu* "t to compose "o ( ^! z a doz5 ) ! or*e/ra4 ,! mod]n compos] w oblige ! manag] to furni% him ) a l>ge or*e/ra ( viol9s1 oboes1 horns1 c41 sav+ him r ! exp5se ( d\ble basses1 ( :i* !re is no occasion to make any use1 except 9 tun+ at ! outset4 ,! ov]ture w be a movem5t 9 ! ,fr5* /yle1 or a pre/issimo 9 semiquav]s 9 a major key1 to :i* w succe$ a piano 9 ! m9or2 conclud+ ) a m9uet1 gavot or jig1 aga9 9 ! major key4 ,9 ?is mann] ! compos] w avoid all fugues1 syncopations1 & treatm5t ( subjects1 z be+ antiquat$ contrivances1 q bani%$ f mod]n music4 ,! mod]n compos] w be mo/ att5tive to all ! ladies ( ! !atre1 supply+ !m ) pl5ty ( old songs transpos$ to suit _! voices1 & tell+ ea* ( !m t ! ,op]a is support$ by h] tal5t alone4 ,he w br+ e night "s ( 8 fri5ds1 & seat !m 9 ! or*e/ra2 giv+ ! d\ble bass or violoncello 7z be+ ! mo/ useless in/rum5ts7 leave ( abs5ce to make room = !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m>cello',s ,,satire4 ,! s+] is in=m$ t !re is no occasion = hav+ practis$ ! solfeggio2 because he w\ld ?us be 9 dang] ( acquir+ a firm voice1 j intonation1 & ! p[] ( s++ 9 tune2 ?+s :olly useless 9 mod]n music4 ,nor is x v necess>y t he %\ld be able to read or write1 "k h[ to pron\nce ! words or und]/& _! mean+1 provid$ he c run divisions1 make %akes1 cad5ces1 c4 ,he w always compla9 ( 8 "p1 say+ t x is n 9 8 way1 t ! airs are n 9 8 /yle1 & s on2 & he w s+ an air by "s o!r compos]1 prote/+ t at su* a c\rt1 or 9 ! pres5ce ( su* a great p]sonage1 t air c>ri$ away all ! applause1 & he 0 oblig$ to repeat x a doz5 times 9 an ev5+4 ,at ! rehe>sals he w m]ely hum 8 airs1 & w insi/ on hav+ ! "t 9 8 own way4 ,he w /& ) "o h& 9 8 wai/coat & ! o!r 9 8 bree*es' pocket1 & take c>e n to all[ a syllable to be he>d4 ,he w always keep 8 hat on 8 head1 ?\gh a p]son ( quality %\ld speak to him1 9 ord] to avoid cat*+ cold2 & he w n b[ 8 head to anybody1 rememb]+ ! k+s1 pr9ces1 & emp]ors :om he is 9 ! habit ( p]sonat+4 ,on ! /age he w s+ ) %ut tee?1 do+ all he c to prev5t a ^w he says f be+ und]/ood1 &1 9 ! recitatives1 pay+ no respect ei!r to commas or p]iods4 ,:ile ano!r p]=m] is recit+ a soliloquy or s++ an air1 he w be salut+ ! company 9 ! boxes1 or li/5+ ) musicians 9 ! or*e/ra1 or ! att5dants2 because ! audi5ce kn[s v well t he is ,signor ,s-&-s1 ! musico1 & n ,pr9ce ,zoroa/ro1 :om he is repres5t+4 ,a mod]n virtuoso w be h>d to prevail on to s+ at a private p>ty4 ,:5 he arrives he w walk up to ! mirror1 settle 8 wig1 draw d[n 8 ruffles1 & pull up 8 cravat to %[ 8 diamond broo*4 ,he w !n t\* ! h>psi*ord v c>elessly1 & beg9 8 air ?ree or f\r times1 z if he c\ld n recollect x4 ,hav+ grant$ ?is great fav\r1 he w beg9 talk+ 7by way ( ga!r+ applause7 ) "s lady1 tell+ h] /ories ab\t 8 travels1 correspond5ce & pr(essional intrigues2 all ! :ile ogl+ 8 companion ) passionate glances1 & ?r[+ back ! curls ( 8 p]uke1 sometimes on "o %\ld]1 sometimes on ! o!r4 ,he w e m9ute (f] ! lady snuff 9 a diff]5t box1 9 "o ( :i* he w po9t out 8 own portrait2 & w %[ h] "s magnific5t diamond1 ! gift ( a di/+ui%$ patron1 say+ t he w\ld (f] x = h] acceptance 7 x n = delicacy4 ,?us he w1 p]haps1 make an impression on h] he>t1 &1 at all ev5ts1 make a great figure 9 ! eyes ( ! company4 ,9 ! society ( ! lit]>y m51 h[ev] em95t1 he w always take prec$5ce1 because1 ) mo/ p1 ! s+] has ! cr$it ( be+ an arti/1 :ile ! lit]>y man has no consid]ation at all4 ,he w ev5 advise !m to embrace 8 pr(ession1 z ! s+] has pl5ty ( money z well z fame1 :ile ! man ( lett]s is v apt to die ( hung]4 ,if ! s+] is a bass1 he %\ld con/antly s+ t5or passages z high z he c4 ,if a t5or1 he ought to g z l[ z he c 9 ! scale ( ! bass1 or get up1 ) a falsetto voice1 into ! regions ( ! contralto1 )\t m9d+ :e!r he s+s ?r\gh 8 nose or 8 ?roat4 ,he w pay 8 c\rt to all ! pr9cipal cantatrici & _! protectors2 & ne$ n despair1 by means ( 8 tal5t & exempl>y mode/y1 to acquire ! title ( a c\nt1 m>quis1 or *evali]4 ,! prima donna receives ample in/ructions 9 h] duties bo? on & (f ! /age4 ,%e is taught h[ to make engagem5ts & to screw ! manag] up to exorbitant t]ms2 h[ to obta9 ! protection ( ra% amateurs1 :o are to att5d h] at all times1 pay h] exp5ses1 make h] pres5ts1 & submit to h] caprices4 ,%e is taught to be c>eless at rehe>sals1 to be insol5t to ! o!r p]=m]s1 & to p]=m all mann] ( musical absurdities on ! /age4 ,%e mu/ h a music-ma/] to tea* h] v>iations1 passages & embelli%m5ts to h] airs2 & "s famili> fri5d1 an advocate or a doctor1 to tea* h] h[ to move h] arms1 turn h] head1 & use h] h&k]*ief1 )\t tell+ h] :y1 = t w\ld only confuse h] head4 ,%e is to endeav\r to v>y h] airs e night2 & ?\gh ! v>iations may be at cross purposes ) ! bass1 or ! viol9 "p1 or ! h>mony ( ! accompanim5ts1 t matt]s little1 z a mod]n conductor is deaf & dumb4 ,9 h] airs & recitatives1 9 action1 %e w take c>e e night to use ! same motions ( h] h&1 h] head1 h] fan1 & h] h&k]*ief4 ,if %e ord]s a "* to be put 9 *a9s1 & addresses him 9 an air ( rage or disda91 dur+ ! symphony %e %\ld talk & laugh ) him1 po9t out to him p 9 ! boxes1 & %[ h[ v little %e is 9 e>ne/4 ,%e w get hold ( a new passage 9 rapid triplets1 & introduce x 9 all h] airs1 quick1 sl[1 lively1 or sad2 & ! high] %e c rise 9 ! scale1 ! sur] %e w be ( hav+ all ! pr9cipal p>ts allott$ h]1 c41 c4 ,en\gh1 h[ev]1 ( ?is excell5t b some:at fatigu+ irony2 & let me conclude ?is *apt] ) a few words ab\t ! libretti/s ( ! #ah? c5tury4 ,! be/ libretti ( ,apo/olo ,z5o1 ,calsabigi & ,meta/asio1 su* z ! ,dem(onte1 ! ,artas]se1 ! ,didone1 & above all ! ,olimpiade1 h be5 set to music by doz5s ( compos]s4 ,picc9ni1 & ,sac*9i ea* compos$ music twice to ! ,olimpiade2 ,jomelli set ,didone twice & ,dem(onte twice2 ,hasse wrote two op]as on ! libretto ( ! ,nittetti1 two on t ( ,artemisia1 two on ,artas]se1 & ?ree on ,arm9io4 ,! excell5ce ( ^! op]a-books 9 a dramatic po9t ( view is suffici5tly %[n by ! fact t _m ( !m1 includ+ ,meta/asio's ,didone1 ,issipile & ,artas]se h be5 translat$ into ,fr5*1 & play$ ) success z trag$ies4 ,! ,clem5za di ,tito1 by ! same au?or 7:i* 9 a modifi$ =m became ! libretto ( ,moz>t's la/ op]a7 0 translat$ into ,russian & p]=m$ at ! ,mosc[ ,!atre dur+ ! reign ( ! ,empress ,elizabe?4 ,9 ! pres5t day1 sev]al ( ,scribe's be/ comic op]as h be5 conv]t$ into comic dramas = ! ,engli% /age1 :ile o!rs by ! same au?or h be5 made ! gr\ndwork ( ,italian libretti4 ,?us ,le ,philtre & ,la ,somnambule are ! orig9als ( ,donizetti's ,elisir d'amore & ,bell9i's ,sonnambula4 ,sev]al ( ,victor ,hugo's admirably con/ruct$ dramas h also be5 laid "u contribution by ! ,italian libretti/s ( ! pres5t day4 ,donizetti's ,lucrezia is f\nd$ on ,lucrce ,borgia2 ,v]di's ,ernani on ,h]nani1 8 ,rigoletto on ,le ,roi s'amuse4 ,sid5ote3 ,,libretti4 ,our ,engli% writ]s ( libretti are ab\t z orig9al z ! re/ ( our dramati/s4 ,! ,bohemian ,girl is n only id5tical 9 subject ) ,la ,gitana1 b is a translation ( an unpubli%$ op]a f\nd$ on t ballet & writt5 by ,m4 ,/4 ,george4 ,! ,engli% v]sion is evid5tly call$ ,! ,bohemian ,girl f ,m4 ,/4 ,george hav+ entitl$ 8 manuscript op]a ,la ,bohmi5ne1 & f ,mr4 ,bunn hav+ mi/ak5 ! mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,x is less a/oni%+ t ! manag] ( a !atre %\ld commit su* an error ?an t no "o %\ld hi!rto h po9t$ x out4 ,! h]o9e ( ! op]a is n a ,bohemian1 b a gipsey2 & ,bohemia has no?+ to d ) ! piece1 ! action tak+ place 9 "s portion ( ! fair l& ( ,pol&1 :i*1 z ! libretti/ in=ms u1 0 trod by ! ho(2 ?\gh :e!r 9 ,russian1 9 ,au/rian or 9 ,prussian ,pol& we are n in=m$4 ,la ,z+>a has (t5 be5 play$ at ,vi5na1 & ,i h se5 ,la ,gitana at ,mosc[4 ,probably ! ,au/rians lay ! sc5e ( ! drama 9 ! ,russian1 & ! ,russians 9 ! ,au/rian1 dom9ions4 ,=tunately1 ,mr4 ,balfe has giv5 no p>ticul> col\r to ! music ( 8 ,bohemian ,girl1 :i*1 z f> z c be judg$ f ! melodies sung by h]1 is z mu* 7& z little7 a ,bohemian girl z a gipsey girl1 or a ,poli% girl1 or inde$ any o!r girl4 ,! libretti ( ,mr4 ,balfe's ,satanella1 ,rose ( ,ca/ille1 ,maid ( ,hon\r1 ,bondsman1 c41 are all f\nd$ on ,fr5* pieces4 ,mr4 ,wallace's ,m>itana1 is1 ,i ne$ h>dly say1 f\nd$ on ! ,fr5* drama ( ,don ,cs> de ,bazan4 ,b !re is unmi/akeable orig9ality 9 ! libretto ( ?is compos]'s ,lurl9e1 ?\gh ! *ief incid5ts are1 ( c\rse1 tak5 f ! well-kn[n ,g]man leg5d on :i* ,m5delsohn comm5c$ writ+ 8 op]a ( ,loreley4 ,sid5ote3 ,,national ,,/yles4 ,"o ( ! v few good orig9al libretti 9 ! ,engli% language is t ( ,rob9 ,hood1 by ,mr4 ,ox5=d4 ,! be/ ( all ,engli% libretti1 9 po9t ( lit]>y m]it1 be+ probably ,dryd5's ,albion & ,albanius1 :ile ! be/ ,fr5* libretto 9 all respects is decid$ly ,victor ,hugo's ,esm]alda4 ,mr4 ,macf>r5 has1 9 _m places1 giv5 q an ,engli% "* to ! music ( ,rob9 ,hood1 ?\gh1 9 do+ s1 he has n 7z has be5 ass]t$7 f\nd$ a national /yle ( op]atic music2 = ! same /yle appli$ to subjects n ,engli% might be f\nd z inappropriate z ! music ( ,! ,b>b] ( ,seville w\ld be adapt$ to ,tom & ,j]ry4 ,a great deal c be writt5 & v little decid$ ab\t ?is "q ( nationality ( /yle 9 music4 ,if ,aub]'s /yle is ,fr5*1 7in/ead ( be+ 8 own1 z ,i %\ld say7 :at 0 t ( ,rameau8 ,if ,! ,m>seillaise is su* a ?or\ghly ,fr5* air 7z e "o admits71 h[ is x t x happ5s to be an importation f ,g]many8 ,! ,royali/ song ( ,pauvre ,jacques pass$ = ,fr5*1 b x 0 ,dibd9's ,poor ,jack4 ,h[ is x t ,malbrook s\nds s ,fr5*1 & ,we won't g home till morn+ s ,engli%--an attempt1 by ! way1 hav+ be5 made to %[ t ! airs common to bo? ^! songs 7 sung orig9ally by ! ,spani% ,moors8 ,i fancy ! great po9t1 aft] all1 is to write good music2 & if x be writt5 to good ,engli% words1 full ( ,engli% rhy?m & cad5ce1 x w1 f t alone1 d]ive a suffici5tly ,engli% "*4 ,h&el appe>s to me to h done f> great] s]vice to ,engli% ,op]a ?an ,arne or any ( our ,engli% & pseudo-,engli% op]atic compos]s ^: works are n[ utt]ly =gott51 except by musical antiqu>ies2 = ,h&el e/abli%$ ,italian ,op]a among u on a gr& arti/ic scale1 & s9ce !n1 at ,h] ,maje/y's ,!atre1 & subsequ5tly at ! comp>atively new ,royal ,italian ,op]a1 all ! f9e/ works1 :e!r ( ! ,italian1 ! ,g]man1 or ! ,fr5* s*ool1 h be5 br\ght out z fa/ z !y h be5 produc$ abroad1 &1 on ! :ole1 9 v excell5t /yle4 ,engli% ,op]a has no hi/ory1 no unbrok5 l9e ( traditions2 x has no regul> sequ5ce ( op]atic weeks by native compos]s2 b at our ,italian ,op]a ,h\ses1 ! :ole hi/ory ( dramatic music has be5 exemplifi$1 & f ,gluck to ,v]di is /ill exemplifi$ 9 ! pres5t day4 ,we take no note1 x is true1 ( ! old ,fr5* compos]s1--,lulli1 :o begat ,rameau1 & ,rameau1 :o begat no "o--& = ! reason j indicat$4 ,!re are pl5ty ( amus+ /ories ab\t ! ,acadmie ,royale f its v f\ndation1 b ! true hi/ory ( dramatic music 9 ,france dates f ! arrival ( ,gluck 9 ,p>is 9 #aggd4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,fr5* ,,op]a ,,f ,,lulli ,,to ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,rameau4 ,rami/s & ,lulli/s4--,rameau's ,lett]s ( nobility4--,8 dea?4--,affairs ( hon\r & love4--,sophie ,arn\ld4--,madame ,fav>t4--,*>les ,edw>d at ! ,acadmie4 ,lulli di$ 9 ,p>is1 ,m>* #bbnd1 #afhg1 at ! age ( fifty-f\r4 ,9 beat+ "t ) 8 walk+ /ick dur+ ! p]=mance ( a ,te ,deum :i* he _h compos$ to celebrate ! convalesc5ce ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 he /ruck 8 foot1 & ) s mu* viol5ce t he di$ f ! effects ( ! bl[4 ,x is said#ce t ?is ,te ,deum produc$ a great s5sation1 & t ,lulli di$ satisfi$1 l a g5]al expir+ on ! battle field imm$iately aft] a victory4 ,all ,lulli's op]as are 9 five acts1 b !y are v %ort4 ,! drama1 says ,m4 ,halvy1 comprises b a small numb] ( sc5es2 ! pieces are ( a briefness to be envi$2 x is music summ>iz$2 two phrases make an air4 ,! task ( ! compos] !n 0 f> f be+ :at x is n[4 ,! secret _h n yet be5 discov]$ ( ^? pieces1 ^? f9ales :i* h s9ce be5 s admirably develop$1 l9k+ toge!r 9 "o well-conceiv$ :ole1 a v>iety ( situations :i* assi/ ! inspiration ( ! compos] & sometimes call x =?4 ,!re is c]ta9ly m music 9 "o ( ! f9ales ( a mod]n "w ?an 9 ! five acts ( an op]a ( ,lulli's4 ,we may add t ! art ( in/rum5tation1 s9ce c>ri$ to su* a high degree ( brilliancy1 0 !n conf9$ )9 v n>r[ limits1 or r ?is art did n exi/4 ,! viol9s1 violas1 bass viols1 hautboys1 :i* at fir/ =m$ ! entire ars5al ( ! compos]1 seldom did m ?an foll[ ! voices4 ,lulli1 moreov]1 wrote only ! vocal "p & ! bass ( 8 compositions4 ,8 pupils1 ,lal\ette & ,colasse1 :o 7 conductors 7*efs d'or*e/re1 or1 z 0 said at t "t1 batteurs de mesure7 "u 8 ord]s1 fill$ up ! or*e/ral p>ts 9 accordance ) 8 indications4 ,?is expla9s h[1 9 ! mid/ ( all ! details ) :i* he _h to occupy himself1 he c\ld write su* a great numb] ( works2 b x does n dim9i% ! idea "o mu/ =m ( 8 facility1 8 intellig5ce1 & 8 g5ius1 = ^! works1 rapidly z !y 7 compos$1 kept possession ( ! /age = m ?an a c5tury4 ,! next great compos]1 9 ,france1 to ,lulli1 9 po9t ( "t1 0 ,rameau4 ,rameau 79 ! words ( ! au?or f :om ,i h j quot$1 & ^: op9ion on su* a subject _c be too highly valu$7 elevat$ & /r5g!n$ ! art2 8 h>monies 7 m solidly wov51 8 or*e/ra 0 ri*]1 8 in/rum5tation m skilful1 8 col\r+ m decid$4 ,dr4 ,burney1 h[ev]1 9 8 acc\nt ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a ( 8 p]iod 7:5 ,rameau's works 7 con/antly be+ p]=m$7 speaks ( ! music z monoton\s 9 ! extreme & )\t ryh?m or expression4 ,inde$1 he f\nd no?+ at ! ,fr5* ,op]a to admire b ! danc+ & ! decorations1 & ^! alone 7he tells u7 seem$ to give pleasure to ! audi5ce4 ,nev]!less1 ! ,fr5* j\rnals ( ! middle ( ! #ah? c5tury con/antly in=m$ _! read]s t ,rameau 0 ! fir/ musician 9 ,europe1 ?\gh1 z ,grimm rem>k$1 ,europe sc>cely knew ! "n ( h] fir/ musician1 knew none ( 8 op]as1 & c\ld n h tol]at$ !m on h] /ages4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rami/s ,,& ,,lulli/s4 ,jean ,phillippe ,rameau 0 born ! #be? ,septemb]1 #afhc1 at ,dijon4 ,he /udi$ music "u ! direction ( 8 fa!r1 ,jean ,rameau1 an organi/1 & aft]w>ds visit$ ,italy1 b does n appe> to h appreciat$ ,italian music4 ,on 8 return to ,france he wrote ! music ( an op]a f\nd$ on ! ,phdre ( ,rac9e1 & entitl$ ,hippolyte et ,aricie4 ,?is "w1 :i* 0 produc$ 9 #agcc1 0 receiv$ ) mu* applause & a good deal ( hiss+1 b on ! :ole x obta9$ a great success :i* 0 n dim9i%$ 9 ! end by hav+ be5 conte/$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,rameau _h soon s _m admir]s ( 8 own1 & met ) s mu* opposition f ! admir]s ( ,lulli t two p>ties ( ,lulli/s & ( ,rami/s 7 =m$4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ( ^? fooli% musical feuds ( :i* ,p>is has witness$ s _m1 ?\gh sc>cely m ?an ,london4 ,inde$1 ,london _h already se5 ! disputes betwe5 ! p>tisans ( ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 ! ,engli% s+]1 & ,m>g>ita l',ep9e1 ! ,italian1 z well z ! m celebrat$ ,h&el & ,buononc9i conte/s1 & ! qu>rels betwe5 ! fri5ds ( ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ,rameau produc$ 8 ,ca/or & ,pollux1 9 #agcg1 he 0 g5]ally admitt$ by 8 compatriots to be ! greate/ compos] ( ! day1 n only 9 ,france1 b 9 all ,europe--:i*1 z ,grimm obs]v$1 0 n acqua9t$ ) him4 ,gluck1 h[ev]1 is said#cf to h express$ 8 admiration ( ! *orus1 ,que t\t gmisse1 & ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze assures u1 t ! f9e ?+s :i* ?is "w 7,ca/or & ,pollux7 conta9s1 w\ld please 9 ! pres5t day4 ,great hon\rs 7 paid to ,rameau by ,l\is ,,xv41 :o grant$ him lett]s ( nobility1 & t only to r5d] him wor?y ( a /ill high] m>k ( fav\r1 ! ord] ( ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,! compos] on receiv+ 8 pat5t did n take ! tr\ble to regi/] x1 ^u :i* ! k+1 ?9k+ ,rameau 0 afraid ( ! exp5se1 (f]$ to defray all ! necess>y *>ges himself4 ,let me h ! money1 y\r ,maje/y1 said ,rameau1 & ,i w apply x to "s m useful purpose4 ,lett]s ( nobility to me8 ,ca/or & ,d>danus gave !m to me long ago6 ,sid5ote3 ,,rameau',s ,,lett]s ,,( ,,nobility4 ,rameau's lett]s ( nobility 7 invalidat$ by n be+ regi/]$1 b ! ord] ( ,/4 ,mi*ael 0 giv5 to him all ! same4 ,! badge ( ! same ord] 0 refus$ unconditionally by ,beaum>*ais1 :5 x 0 (f]$ to him by ! ,b>on de ,breteuil1 m9i/] ( ,l\is ,,xvi41 ! au?or ( ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o obs]v+ t m5 ^: m]it 0 ackn[l$g$ _h no ne$ ( decorations4 ,?us1 too1 ,t9toretto refus$ knigh?ood at ! h&s ( ,h5ry ,,iii4 ( ,france 7( :at value1 by ! way1 0 ! b>r5 complim5t to ,sir ,antony ,v&yke1 :om e "o kn[s z a pa9t]1 & no "o1 sc>cely1 z a knight78 ,?us1 ! celebrat$ s+]1 ,=/1 ( ,mies1 9 ,bohemia1 refus$ lett]s ( nobility f ,joseph ,i41 ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 b accept$ a p5sion ( ?ree hundr$ flor9s1 :i* 0 (f]$ to him 9 its place2 & ?us ,bee?ov5 be+ ask$ by ! ,pr9ce von ,hatzfeld1 ,prussian ambassador at ,vi5na1 :e!r he w\ld r h a subscription ( fifty ducats1 :i* 0 due to him1#cg or ! cross ( "s ord]1 repli$ briefly1 ) all read9ess ( det]m9ation--,fifty ducats6 ,besides be+ a v successful op]atic compos]1 7he wrote ?irty-six works = ! /age1 ( :i* tw5ty-two 7 repres5t$ at ! ,acadmie ,royale71 ,rameau 0 an admirable p]=m] on ! organ & h>psi*ord1 & wrote a great deal ( excell5t music = ^? two in/rum5ts4 ,he1 moreov]1 di/+ui%$ himself by 8 important discov]ies 9 ! sci5ce ( h>mony1 :i* he publi%$1 def5d$1 & expla9$1 9 tw5ty works1 m or less copi\s4 ,rameau's music1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 m>ks 79 ,france7 a progress4 ,n t ?is ma/] improv$ ! ta/e ( our nation3 he possess$ none himself4 ,al?\gh he _h visit$ ! nor? ( ,italy1 he _h no idea t x 0 possible to s+ bett] ?an ! hack-vocali/s ( our ,op]a4 ,rameau nev] und]/ood any?+ ( ,italian music2 accord+ly he did n br+ ! =ms ( melody to p]fection among u4 ,! success ( ,rameau 0 due to ! fact1 t he gave m life1 w>m?1 & movem5t1 to our dramatic music4 ,8 ryh?mical airs 7:5 ! irregul>ity ( ! words did n tr\ble him too mu*71 ! free1 en]getic1 & ev5 d>+ "* ( 8 *oruses1 ! ri*ness ( 8 or*e/ra1 rais$ ?is ma/] at la/ to ! highe/ rank1 :i* he ma9ta9$ until 8 dea?4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 is relative1 comp>ative4 ,i mu/ tell y 9 confid5ce1 t ^! *oruses1 ?is or*e/ra1 7 v badly con/ruct$1 & (t5 incorrect 9 po9t ( h>mony4 ,obs]ve1 too1 if y please1 t ,i d n g beyond our own fronti]s1 le/ ,i %\ld meet a ,sc>latti1 a ,h&el1 a ,jomelli1 a ,p]golese1 a ,seba/ian ,ba*1 & tw5ty o!r rivals1 too =midable = our compatriot1 z reg>ds op]as1 religi\s dramas1 cantatas1 & symphonies4 ,sid5ote3 ,,dea? ,,( ,,rameau4 ,rameau di$ 9 #agfd4 ,! ,op]a und]took ! direction ( 8 fun]al1 & caus$ a s]vice = ! repose ( 8 s\l to be celebrat$ 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,oratory4 ,sev]al pieces f ,ca/or & ,pollux1 & o!r ( 8 lyrical works1 _h be5 arrang$ = ! c]emony1 & 7 introduc$ into ! mass4 ,! music 0 execut$ by ! or*e/ra & *orus ( ! ,op]a1 bo? ( :i* 7 d\bl$ = ! occasion4 ,9 #agff1 on ! second anniv]s>y ( ,rameau's dea?1 a mortu>y mass1 writt5 by ,philidor1 ! celebrat$ *ess play] & compos] 7b "o ( ^? m9or compos]s ( ^: works x does n ent] into our limit$ plan to speak71 0 p]=m$ 9 ! same *ur*4 ,! *ief s+]s ( ! ,acadmie dur+ ! great] portion ( ,rameau's c>e] z a compos]1 7 ,jliotte1 ,*ass1 & ,mademoiselle de ,fel4 ,jliotte retir$ 9 #agge1 & = n9e ye>s ! ,fr5* ,op]a 0 )\t a respectable t5or4 ,*ass 7b>itone71 & ,mademoiselle de ,fel1 7 replac$1 ab\t ! same "t1 by ,l>rive1 & ! celebrat$ ,sophie ,arn\ld1 bo? ( :om appe>$ aft]w>ds 9 ,gluck's op]as4 ,claude ,l\is de ,*ass1 ,seigneur de ,ponceau1 a g5tleman ( a good ,breton family1 gave up a commission 9 ! army 9 #agba1 to jo9 ! ,op]a4 ,he succe$$ equally z a s+] & z an actor1 & also di/+ui%$ himself by 8 skill 9 arrang+ tableaux4 ,he x 0 :o fir/ introduc$ on to ! ,fr5* /age imm5se masses ( m51 & taught !m to manuvre ) precision4 ,l\is ,,xv4 0 s pleas$ ) ! evolutions ( ,*ass's !atrical troops 9 an op]a repres5t$ at ,fonta9bleau1 t he aft]w>ds address$ him always z ,g5]al4 ,9 #agch1 ,*ass left ! ,acadmie on ! pretext t ! hi/rionic pr(ession 0 n suit$ to a man ( g5tle bir?4#ch ,b ! true reason is said to h be5 t hav+ sav$ a consid]able sum ( money1 he f\nd he c\ld af=d to ?r[ up 8 engagem5t4 ,h[ev]1 he inve/$ ! great] "p ( 8 =tune 9 a speculation :i* fail$1 & 0 oblig$ to return to ! /age a few ye>s aft] he _h decl>$ 8 int5tion ( ab&on+ x = ev]4 ,on 8 reappe>ance1 ! g5tlemanl9ess ( ,*ass's execution 0 notic$1 b 9 a s>ca/ic1 n a complim5t>y _s4 ,ce n'e/ plus cette voix tonnante ,ce ne sont plus ses gr&s clats2 ,c'e/ un g5tilhomme qui *ante ,et qui ne se fatigue pas-- 7 l9es circulat$ on ! occasion ( ! ,seigneur du ,ponceau's return to ! ,acadmie1 :]e1 h[ev]1 he cont9u$ to s+ ) success = a doz5 ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,sid5ote3 ,,affairs ,,( ,,hon\r ,,& ,,love4 ,jliotte 0 "o ( ! great fav\rites ( fa%ionable ,p>isian society 7at lea/1 among ! wom572 b ,*ass 7also among ! wom57 0 "o ( ! mo/ admir$ m5 9 ,france4 ,among o!r triumphs ( ! same k9d1 he _h ! hon\r ( caus+ a duel betwe5 a ,poli% & a ,fr5* lady1 :o f\ght ) pi/ols 9 ! ,bois de ,b\logne4 ,! latt] 0 w\nd$ r s]i\sly1 & on h] recov]y1 0 conf9$ 9 a conv5t1 :ile h] adv]s>y 0 ord]$ to quit ,france4 ,dur+ ! little tr\ble :i* ?is affair caus$ 9 ! polite _w1 ,*ass rema9$ at home1 recl9+ on a s(a aft] ! mann] ( a delicate1 s5sitive woman :o has _h ! mis=tune to see two ( h] ador]s risk _! lives = h]4 ,9 ?is /yle he receiv$ ! visits ( all :o came to complim5t him on 8 good luck4 ,l\is ,,xv4 ?\ght x wor? :ile to s5d ! ,duke de ,ri*elieu to tell him to put an end to 8 affectation4 ,expla9 to 8 ,maje/y1 said ,*ass to ! ,duke1 t x is n my fault1 b t ( ,provid5ce1 :i* has made me ! mo/ popul> man 9 ! k+dom4 ,let me tell y1 coxcomb1 t y are only ! ?ird1 said ! ,duke4 ,i come next to ! k+4 ,x 0 inde$ a fact t ,madame de ,polignac1 & ,madame de ,nesle _h already f\ght = ! affection ( ! ,duke de ,ri*elieu1 :5 ,madame de ,nesle receiv$ a w\nd 9 ! %\ld]4#ci ,sophie ,arn\ld 0 a discov]y made by ! ,pr9cess ( ,mod5a at ! ,val de ,grce1 :i!r h] royal highness _h retir$1 accord+ to ! fa%ion ( ! "t1 to atone1 dur+ a portion ( ,l5t1 = ! s9s %e _h committ$ dur+ ! ,c>nival1 & :]e %e *anc$ to he> ! "y girl s++ a vesp] hymn4 ,! ,pr9cess spoke ( ,mademoiselle ,arn\ld's tal5ts at ! c\rt1 &1 9 spite ( h] "m's opposition1 7! p>5ts kept a lodg+ h\se some:]e 9 ,p>is7 %e 0 inscrib$ on ! li/ ( *ori/]s at ! k+'s *apel4 ,madame de ,pompad\r1 already /ruck by ! beauty ( h] eyes1 :i* are said to h be5 en*ant+ly expressive1 exclaim$ :5 %e he>d h] s+1 ,il y a l1 de quoi faire une pr9cesse4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sophie ,,arn\ld4 ,sophie ,arn\ld 7a *>m+ "n1 :i* ! be>] !re( ow$ 9 "p to h] own good ta/e1 & 9 no way to h] godfa!rs & godmo!rs1 :o *ri/5$ h] ,anne-,madele9e7 made h] db 9 ! ye> #ageg1 at ! age ( ?irte54 ,%e wore a lilac dress1 embroid]$ 9 silv]4 ,h] tal5t1 comb9$ ) h] wond]ful beauty1 ensur$ h] imm$iate success1 & be=e %e _h be5 on ! /age a =tnight1 all ,p>is 0 9 love ) h]4 ,:5 %e 0 ann\nc$ to s+1 ! doors ( ! ,op]a 7 besieg$ by su* cr[ds t ,frron decl>$ he sc>cely ?\ght p]sons w\ld give !mselves s mu* tr\ble to ent] into p>adise4 ,! fasc9at+ ,sophie 0 z witty z %e 0 beautiful1 & h] mots 7! mo/ /rik+ ( :i* are quot$ by ,m4 ,a4 ,h\ssaye 9 8 ,gal]ie du #ahme4 ,sicle71 7 repeat$ by all ! fa%ionable poets & philosoph]s ( ,p>is4 ,h] supp]s soon became celebrat$1 b h] life ( pleasure did n cause h] to =get ! ,op]a4 ,%e is said to h sung ) a limpid & melodi\s voice1 & to h act$ ) all ! grace & s5tim5t ( a practic$ comdi5ne4#dj ,g>rick saw h] :5 he 0 9 ,p>is1 & decl>$ t %e 0 ! only actress on ! ,fr5* /age :o _h really t\*$ 8 he>t4#da ,z an in/ance ( ! effect h] s++ _h ^u ! public1 ,i may m5tion t 9 #aggb1 ,mademoiselle ,arn\ld refus$ to p]=m "o ev5+1 & made h] appe>ance among ! audi5ce1 say+ t %e _h come to take a lesson ( h] rival1 ,mademoiselle ,beaumesnil2 t ! m9i/]1 de la ,vrillire1 in/ead ( s5d+ ! caprici\s & faceti\s vocali/ to ,=-l',evque1 9 accordance ) ! reque/ ( ! directors1 cont5t$ himself ) reprim&+ h]2 t a p>ty 0 =m$ to hiss h] viol5tly ! next night ( h] appe>ance1 z a puni%m5t = h] imp]t95ce2 b t directly ,sophie ,arn\ld began to s+1 ! conspirators 7 dis>m$1 & in/ead ( hiss+1 applaud$ h]4 ,on ! #a/ ( ,april1 #aggh1 ! day ( ,voltaire's coronation at ! ,comdie ,franaise1 all ! mo/ celebrat$ actresses 9 ,p>is w5t to complim5t him4 ,he return$ _! visits directly aft]w>ds1 & 8 conv]sation ) ,sophie ,arn\ld at ! op]a1 is said to h be5 a speak+ duet ( ! mo/ m>vell\s lightness & brilliancy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 poor ,sophie 0 gett+ old %e cont9u$ to s+1 & ! ,abb ,galiani said ( h] voice t x 0 ! f9e/ a/hma he _h ev] he>d4 ,?is rem>k1 h[ev]1 belongs to ! li/ ( %>p ?+s said dur+ ! ,gluck & ,picc9ni conte/s1 describ$ at "s l5g? 9 ! next *apt] b "o1 & 9 :i* ,sophie ,arn\ld play$ an important "p4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mademoiselle ,arn\ld's mots seem to me1 = ! mo/ "p1 n v susceptible ( satisfactory translation4 ,i w quote a few ( !m 9 ,sophie's own language4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sophie ,,arn\ld4 ,( ! celebrat$ danc]1 ,madele9e ,guim>d1 conc]n+ :om ,i %all h some?+ to say a few pages fur!r on1 ,sophie ,arn\ld1 reflect+ on ,madele9e's rem>kable ?9ness1 obs]v$ ce petit v] soie devrait tre plus gras1 elle ronge une si bonne feuille4#db ,sophie 0 born 9 ! room :]e ,admiral ,coligny 0 assass9at$1 & :]e ! ,du*ess de ,montbazon liv$ = "s "t4 ,je suis v5ue au monde p> une porte clbre1 %e said4 ,"o day1 :5 a v dull "w1 ,rameau's ,zoroa/re1 0 go+ to be play$ at ! ,acadmie1 ,beaum>*ais1 ^: t$i\s drama ,les deux amis _h j be5 br\ght out at ! ,comdie ,franaise1 rem>k$ to ,sophie ,arn\ld t !re w\ld be no p at ! op]a t ev5+1 ,je v\s dem&e p>don1 0 ! reply1 vos deux amis n\s en env]ront4 ,see+ ! portraits ( ,sully & ,*oiseul on ! same snuff-box1 %e exclaim$1 ,c'e/ la recette et la dp5se4 ,to a lady1 ^: beauty 0 h] only recomm5dation1 & :o compla9$ t s _m m5 made love to h]1 %e said1 ,eh ma *re il v\s e/ si facile des les loign]2 v\s n'avez qu' p>l]4 ,sophie's affection = ! ,c\nt de ,lauragais1 ! mo/ celebrat$ &1 seem+ly1 ! mo/ agreeable ( h] admir]s1 is said to h la/$ f\r ye>s4 ,?is con/ancy 0 mutual1 & ! hi/orians ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a speak ( x z some?+ n only unique b inexplicable & almo/ miracul\s4 ,at la/ ,mademoiselle ,arn\ld1 unwill+1 p]haps1 to appe> too orig9al1 det]m9$ to break ) ! ,c\nt2 ! mode1 h[ev]1 ( ! rupture 0 by no means devoid ( orig9ality4 ,"o day1 by ,mademoiselle ,arn\ld's ord]s1 a c>riage 0 s5t to ! ,hotel de ,lauragais1 conta9+ lace1 ornam5ts1 boxes ( jewell]y--& two *ildr52 ev]y?+ 9 fact t %e ow$ to ! ,c\nt4 ,! ,c\ntess 0 ev5 m g5]\s ?an ,sophie4 ,%e accept$ ! *ildr51 & s5t back ! lace1 ! jewell]y1 & ! c>riage4 ,a little :ile aft]w>ds ! ,c\nt de ,lauragais fell 9 love ) a v pretty dbutante 9 ! ballet dep>tm5t ( ! ,op]a4 ,sophie ,arn\ld ask$ him h[ he 0 gett+ on ) 8 new passion4 ,! ,c\nt confess$ t he _h n made mu* progress 9 h] affections1 & compla9$ t he always f\nd a c]ta9 knight ( ,malta 9 h] ap>tm5ts :5 he call$ ^u h]4 ,y may well fe> him1 said ,sophie1 ,il e/ l p\r *ass] les infidles4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sophie ,,arn\ld4 ,?is c]ta9ly looks l a direct reproa* ( incon/ancy1 & f ,sophie's s5d+ ! ,c\nt back all 8 pres5ts1 x is tol]ably cle> t %e felt h]self aggriev$4 ,he 0 ( a viol5tly jeal\s disposition1 ?\gh he _h no cause = jeal\sy z f> z ,sophie 0 conc]n$4 ,inde$1 %e appe>s naturally to h be5 ( a romantic disposition1 & a t5d5cy to romance ?\gh x may mislead a girl yet does n deprave h]4 ,we %all meet ) ! *>m+ ,sophie aga9 dur+ ! ,gluck & ,picc9ni p]iod1 & once aga9 :5 ! revolution _h invad$ ! ,op]a1 & _h ru9$ "s ( ! *ief op]atic celebrities4 ,dur+ h] la/ illness1 9 tell+ h] confessor ! un$ify+ /ory ( h] life1 %e _h to speak ( ! jeal\s fury ( ! ,c\nt de ,lauragais1 :om %e _h really lov$4#dc ,my poor *ild1 h[ mu* y h suff]$6 said ! k9d prie/4 ,ah6 c'tait le bon temps6 j'tait si malheureuse6 exclaim$ ,sophie4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sophie ,arn\ld's rival & successor at ! ,op]a 0 ,mademoiselle ,lagu]re1 :o1 if %e _h n ! wit ( ,sophie1 _h consid]ably m ?an h] prud5ce1 & :o di$1 leav+ a =tune ( ab\t #ahj1jjj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,among ! celebrat$ ,fr5* s+]s ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ,madame ,fav>t mu/ n be =gott54 ,?is vocali/ 0 = _m ye>s ! glory & ! *ief support ( ! ,opra ,comique1 :i*1 9 #agfb1 comb9$ ) ! ,comdie ,itali5ne to =m b "o e/abli%m5t4 ,!re 0 s mu* simil>ity 9 ! /yles ( ! p]=mances at ^! two op]atic !atres1 t = sev5 ye>s be=e ! union 0 effect$1 ! fav\rite piece at ! "o h\se 0 ,la ,s]va ,padrona1 at ! o!r1 ,la ,s]vante ,maitresse1 t is to say1 ,p]golese's fav\rite "w translat$ into ,fr5*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,madame ,,fav>t4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,op]a 9 ,france dur+ ! latt] half ( ! #ah? c5tury ab\nds 9 excell5t anecdotes2 & sev]al v int]e/+ ones are told ( ,m>%al ,saxe4 ,?is brave man 0 mu* lov$ by ! beautiful wom5 ( 8 day4 ,9 ,m4 ,scribe's admirable play ( ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur1 ,maurice de ,saxe is made to say1 t :atev] celebrity he may atta91 8 "n w nev] be m5tion$ )\t recall+ t ( ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur4 ,"s g5ealogi/1 )\t affectation1 ought to tell u h[ _m p]sons illu/ri\s 9 ! arts are desc5dants ( ,m>%al ,saxe1 or ( ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur1 or ( bo?4 ,x w\ld be an int]e/+ li/1 at ! head ( :i* ! names ( ,george ,s&1 & ( ,francur ! ma!matician1 might figure4 ,b ,i 0 ab\t to say1 t ! m5tion ( ! great ,maurice de ,saxe recall$ to me n only ,adri5ne ,lec\vreur1 b also ! *>m+ ,fif9e ,desaigles1 "o ( ! faire/ & mo/ fasc9at+ ( blondes1 ! beautiful & tal5t$ ,madame ,fav>t1 & a good _m o!r !atrical fair ones4 ,:5 ! ,m>%al di$1 poor ,fif9e w5t into m\rn+ = him1 & wore black1 ev5 on ! /age1 = z _m days z x appe>$ to h] t 8 passionate affection = h] _h la/$4 ,x is unc]ta9 :e!r or n ! w>rior's love = ,madame ,fav>t 0 return$4 ,! ,m>%al said x 02 ! lady said x 0 n2 ! lady's husb& said he didn't "k4 ,! be/ /ory told ab\t ,m>%al ,saxe & ,madame ,fav>t1 or r ,mademoiselle ,*antilly1 :i* 0 at t "t h] "n1 is "o relat+ to h] elopem5t ) ,fav>t f ,mae/ri*t1 dur+ ! siege4 ,mademoiselle ,*antilly 0 a memb] ( ! op]atic tr\pe engag$ by ! ,m>%al to foll[ ! army ( ,fl&]s1#dd & ( :i* ,fav>t 0 ! director4 ,m>%al ,saxe became deeply enam\r$ ( ! "y prima donna1 & made proposals to h] ( a nature p>tly flatt]+1 p>tly ! rev]se4 ,mademoiselle ,*antilly1 h[ev]1 pref]r$ ,fav>t1 & contriv$ to escape ) him "o d>k & /ormy night4 ,inde$1 s tempe/u\s 0 x1 t a bridge1 :i* =m$ ! communication betwe5 ! ma9 body ( ! army & a corps on ! o!r side ( ! riv]1 0 c>ri$ away1 leav+ ! deta*$ regim5ts q at ! m]cy ( ! enemy4 ,! next morn+ an (fic] visit$ ! ,m>%al 9 8 t5t1 & f\nd him 9 a /ate ( great grief & agitation4 ,x is a sad affair1 no d\bt1 said ! visitor2 b x c be rem$i$4 ,rem$i$6 exclaim$ ! di/ress$ h]o2 no2 all hope is lo/2 ,i am 9 despair6 ,! (fic] %[$ t ! bridge might be repair$ 9 su* & su* a mann]2 ^u :i*1 ! great comm&]1 :om no milit>y disa/] c\ld depress1 b :o 0 n[ pr(\ndly afflict$ by ! loss ( a v *>m+ s+]1 repli$-- ,are y talk+ ab\t ! bridge8 ,t c be m5d$ 9 a c\ple ( h\rs4 ,i 0 ?9k+ ( ,*antilly4 ,p]fidi\s girl6 %e has des]t$ me6 99 99 99 99 99 ,among ! hi/orical p]sons :o figur$ at ! ,acadmie ,musique ab\t ! middle ( ! #ah? c5tury1 we mu/ n =get ,*>les ,edw>d1 :o 0 tak5 prison] !re4 ,! ,duke de ,biron _h be5 ord]$ to see to 8 arre/1 & on ! ev5+ ( ! #aa? ,decemb]1 :5 x 0 kn[n t he int5d$ to visit ! ,op]a1 surr\nd$ ! build+ ) twelve hundr$ gu>ds z soon z ! ,"y ,pret5d] _h ent]$ x4 ,! pr9ce 0 tak5 to ,v9c5nes1 & kept !re f\r days4 ,he 0 !n lib]at$1 & expell$ f ,france 9 accordance ) ! t]ms ( ! treaty ( #agdh1 s humiliat+ to ! ,fr5* arms4 ,sid5ote3 ,,*>les ,,edw>d ,,at ,,! ,,academie4 ,! s]vants ( ! ,"y ,pret5d]1 & ) !m "o ( ! ret9ue ( ! ,pr9cess de ,talmont1 ^: antiquat$ *>ms _h deta9$ ! ,*evali] de ,/4 ,georges at ,p>is1 7 s5t to ! ,ba/ille1 ^u :i* ! pr9cess wrote ! foll[+ lett] to ,m4 de ,maurepas3-- ,! k+1 sir1 has j cov]$ himself ) immortal glory by arre/+ ,pr9ce ,edw>d4 ,i h no d\bt b t ,8 ,maje/y w ord] a ,te ,deum to be sung1 to ?ank ,god = s brilliant a victory4 ,b z ,placide1 my lacquey1 tak5 9 ?is memorable exp$ition1 c add no?+ to ,8 ,maje/y's laurels1 ,i beg y to s5d him back to me4 ,! only ,engli%man ! regim5t ( ,fr5* gu>ds has tak5 ?r\gh\t ! w>6 exclaim$ ! ,pr9cess de ,conti1 :5 %e he>d ( ! arre/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re 0 a curi\s lit]>y app>ition at ! ,acadmie 9 #agej1 on ! occasion ( ! revival ( ,?tis et ,ple1 :5 ,font5elle1 ! au?or ( ! libretto ( t op]a1 ent]$ a box1 & sat d[n j :]e he _h tak5 8 place sixty ye>s be=e1 on ! fir/ night ( its production4 ,! public1 delight$1 no d\bt1 to see t m5 c\ld live s long1 & get s mu* enjoym5t out ( life1 applaud$ ) en?usiasm4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,fr5* ,,comic ,,op]a4 ,9 ?is necess>ily incomplete hi/ory ( ! ,op]a 7any?+ l a full n>rative ( its rise & progress1 ) p>ticul>s ( ! lives ( all ! great compos]s & s+]s1 w\ld fill t5 l>ge volumes & w\ld probably n f9d a hundr$ read]s7 !re are "s =ms ( ! lyric drama to :i* ,i c sc>cely d m ?an allude4 ,my great difficulty is to "k :at to omit1 b ,i ?9k t 9 address+ ,engli% read]s ,i am ju/ifi$ 9 pass+ ha/ily ov] ! ,pulc9ella ,op]as ( ,italy & ! ,opra ,comique ( ,france4 ,i %all say v little ab\t ! ballad op]as ( ,engl&1 :i* are no long] play$1 :i* l$ to no?+1 & :i* d n int]e/ me p]sonally4 ,! l[e/ /yle ( ,italian comic op]a1 aga91 has n only ex]cis$ no influ5ce1 b has nev] atta9$ ev5 a mod]ate am\nt ( success 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,n s ! ,opra ,comique ( ,france1 if ,aub] is to be tak5 z its repres5tative4 ,b ! au?or ( ! ,muette de ,portici1 ,gu/ave ,,iii41 & ,fra ,diavolo1 is n only ! greate/ dramatic compos] ,france has produc$1 b "o ( ! greate/ dramatic compos]s ( ! c5tury4 ,by 8 ma/]ly conc]t$ pieces & f9ales he has giv5 an importance to ! ,opra ,comique :i* x did n possess be=e 8 "t1 & if he _h nev] writt5 works ( t class at all he w\ld /ill be "o ( ! fav\rite compos]s ( ! ,engli% public1 e/eem$ & /udi$ by musicians1 & admir$ by all classes4 ,! ,fr5* hi/orians ( ! ,opra ,comique %[ t1 z reg>ds ! dramatic =m1 x has its orig9 9 ! vaudeville1 _m ( ! old opras comiques be+1 9 fact1 little m ?an vaudevilles1 ) orig9al airs 9 place ( songs adapt$ to tunes already kn[n4 ,9 a musical po9t ( view1 h[ev]1 ! ,fr5* owe _! lyrical com$y to ! ,italians4 ,monsigny1 ,philidor1 ,grtry1 ! f\nd]s ( ! /yle1 7 felicit\s imitators ( ! ,p]goleses1 ! ,leos1 ! ,v9cis1 & ! ,picc9nis4 ,9 ,le ,ds]teur1 ,le ,roi et le ,f]mi]1 ,le ,m>*al ,f]rant1 ,le ,tableau ,p>lant1 we are /ruck1 says ,m4 ,scudo1 ! excell5t musical critic ( ! ,rvue des ,deux ,mondes1 z ,dr4 ,burney 01 9 #aggj1 to f9d m ?an "o recollection ( ,la ,s]va ,padrona1 ,la ,cec*9a1 & o!r op]a buffas by ! fir/ ma/]s ( ! ,neapolitan s*ool4 ,! influ5ce ( ,cim>osa1 ,paisiello1 ,anfossi1 may be rem>k$ 9 ! works ( ,dalayrac1 ,b]ton1 ,boieldieu1 & ,nicolo4 ,boieldieu aft]w>ds imitat$ ,ross9i to "s ext5t 9 ,la ,dame ,blan*e1 b ! *ief foll[]s ( ?is great ,italian ma/] 9 ,france h be5 ,hrold & ,aub]4 ,?is br+s u d[n to ! pres5t day1 :5 we f9d ,mey]be]1 ! compos] ( great *oral & or*e/ral s*emes1 ! cultivator ( musico-dramatic effects on a l>ge scale1 writ+ = ! ,opra ,comique2 & 9 spite ( ! spok5 dialogue 9 ! ,etoile du ,nord & ! ,p>don de ,plo]mel1 x is impossible n to place ^? important & broadly conceiv$ lyrical dramas 9 ! class ( gr& op]a4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,r\sseau ,,z ,a ,,critic ,,& ,,z ,a ,,compos] ,,( ,,music4 ,! ,musical ,diction>y4--,acc\nt ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a f ! ,n\velle ,hloise4--,le dev9 du ,village4--,jean-,jacques ,r\sseau & ,granet ( ,lyons4 ,r\sseau1 a man ( a decid$ly musical organisation1 :o1 dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ,italy1 le>nt1 z he tells u 9 ! ,confessions1 to love ! music ( ,italy2 :o wrote s e>ne/ly & s well 9 fav\r ( t music1 & aga9/ ! psalmody ( ,lulli & ,rameau1 9 8 celebrat$ ,lettre sur la ,musique ,franaise2 & :o _h suffici5t c&\r1 or1 r let u say1 a suffici5tly s9c]e love ( art to express ! en?usiasm he felt = ,gluck :5 all ! o!r writ]s 9 ,france1 :o _h ev] prais$ ,italian music1 felt b\nd to depreciate him bl9dly1 = ! great] glory ( ,picc9ni2 ?is ,r\sseau1 :o c>$ m = music ?an = tru? or hon\r1 & :o has n[ be5 prov$ to h /ol5 f two obscure1 b n altoge!r unkn[n1 compos]s ! music :i* he repres5t$ to be 8 own1 9 ,pygmalion1 & ! ,dev9 du ,village1 has giv5 9 8 ,dictionnaire ,musicale1 9 ! be=e-m5tion$ ,lettre sur la ,musique ,franaise1 b above all 9 ! ,n\velle ,hloise1 ! be/ g5]al acc\nt t c be obta9$ ( ! ,op]a 9 ,france dur+ ! middle ( ! #ah? c5tury4 ,i w beg9 ) ,r\sseau's article on ! ,op]a 7omitt+ only ! end1 :i* relates to ! ballet71 f ! ,dictionnaire ,musicale3-- ,sid5ote3 ,,r\sseau',s ,,def9ition ,,( ,,op]a4 ,an op]a is a dramatic & lyrical spectacle1 design$ to comb9e ! en*antm5ts ( all ! f9e arts by ! repres5tation ( "s passionate action ?r\gh s5sations s agreeable z to excite bo? int]e/ & illusion4#de ,! con/itu5t p>ts ( an op]a are ! poem1 ! music1 & ! decoration4 ,by poetry1 ! spectacle speaks to ! m9d2 by music1 to ! e>2 & by pa9t+1 to ! eye3 all comb9+1 ?r\gh diff]5t organs1 to make ! same impression on ! he>t4 ,( ^! ?ree p>ts1 my subject only all[s me to consid] ! fir/ & la/ ) ref]5ce to ! second4 ,! art ( comb9+ s\nds agreeably may be reg>d$ "u two diff]5t aspects4 ,z an in/itution ( nature1 music conf9es its effects to ! s5ses1 to ! physical pleasure :i* results f melody1 h>mony1 & rhy?m4 ,su* is usually ! music ( *ur*es2 su* are ! airs suit$ to danc+ & songs4 ,b z ! ess5tial "p ( a lyrical sc5e1 aim+ pr9cipally at imitation1 music becomes "o ( ! f9e arts1 & is capable ( pa9t+ all pictures2 ( excit+ all s5tim5ts2 ( compet+ ) poetry2 ( end[+ h] ) new /r5g?2 ( embelli%+ h] ) new *>ms2 & ( triumph+ ov] h] :ile plac+ ! cr[n on h] head4 ,! s\nds ( a speak+ voice1 be+ nei!r h>moni\s nor su/a9$1 are inappreciable1 & _c1 consequ5tly1 connect !mselves agreeably ) ! s++ voice1 or ) in/rum5ts1 at lea/ 9 mod]n languages4 ,x 0 diff]5t ) ! ,greeks4 ,_! language 0 s acc5tuat$ t its inflections1 9 a long declamation1 =m$1 spontane\sly z x 71 musical int]vals1 di/9ctly appreciable4 ,?us x may be said t _! !atrical pieces 7 a species ( op]a2 & x 0 = ?is v reason t !y c\ld h no op]as prop]ly s call$4 ,b ! difficulty ( unit+ song to declamation 9 mod]n languages expla9s h[ x is t ! int]v5tion ( music has giv5 to ! lyric poem a "* q diff]5t f t ( trag$y or com$y1 & made x a ?ird species ( drama1 hav+ its p>ticul> rules4 ,! diff]5ces allud$ to _c be det]m9$ )\t a p]fect k ( music1 ( ! means ( id5tify+ x ) words1 & ( its natural relations to ! human he>t--details :i* belong less to ! arti/ ?an to ! philosoph]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,greek ,,music4 ,conf9+ myself1 !re=e1 on ?is subject to a few obs]vations r hi/orical ?an didactic1 ,i rem>k1 fir/1 t ! ,greek !atre _h n1 l ours1 any lyrical feature1 = t :i* !y call$ s1 _h n ! slighte/ resemblance to :at we call s4 ,_! language _h s mu* acc5t t1 9 a conc]t ( voices1 !re 0 little noise1 :il/ all _! poetry 0 musical1 & all _! music declamatory4 ,?us1 song ) !m 0 h>dly m ?an su/a9$ disc\rse4 ,!y really sang _! v]ses1 z !y decl>$ at ! head ( _! poems1 a practice :i* gave ! ,romans1 & aft]w>ds ! mod]ns1 ! ridicul\s habit ( say+1 ,i s+1 :5 no?+ is sung4 ,t :i* ! ,greeks call$ ! lyric /yle 0 a pomp\s & florid /ra9 ( h]oic poesy1 accompani$ by ! lyre4 ,x is c]ta91 too1 t _! trag$ies 7 recit$ 9 a mann] v simil> to s++1 & t !y 7 accompani$ by in/rum5ts1 & _h *oruses4 ,b if1 on t acc\nt1 x %\ld he inf]r$ t !y 7 op]as l ours1 !n x mu/ be suppos$ t _! op]as 7 )\t airs1 = x appe>s to me unque/ionable t ! ,greek music1 )\t except+ ev5 ! in/rum5tal1 0 a real recitative4 ,x is true t ?is recitative1 unit+ ! *>m ( musical s\nds to all ! h>mony ( poetry1 & to all ! =ce ( declamation1 mu/ h _h mu* m en]gy ?an ! mod]n recitative1 :i* c h>dly acquire "o ( ^! advantages b at ! exp5se ( ! o!rs4 ,9 our liv+ languages1 :i* p>take = ! mo/ "p ( ! rud5ess ( _! native climates1 ! application ( music to spee* is mu* less natural ?an x 0 ) ! ,greeks4 ,an unc]ta9 prosody agrees ill ) regul>ity ( measure2 deaf & dumb syllables1 h>d articulations1 s\nds n sonor\s1 ) little v>iation1 & no suppl5ess1 _c b ) great difficulty be consort$ ) melody2 & a poetry cad5c$ solely by ! numb] ( syllables1 :il/ x gets b a v fa9t h>mony 9 musical rhy?m1 is con/antly oppos$ to ! div]sity ( t rhy?m's values & movem5ts4 ,^! are ! difficulties :i* 7 to be ov]come1 or elud$1 9 ! inv5tion ( ! lyrical poem4 ,! ef=t1 !re=e1 ( its inv5tors 0 to =m1 by a nice selection ( words1 by *oice turns ( expression1 & by v>i$ metres1 a p>ticul> language2 & ?is language1 call$ lyrical1 is ri* or poor 9 proportion to ! s(tness or h>%ness ( t f :i* x is d]iv$4 ,hav+ ?us prep>$ a language = music1 ! "q 0 next to apply music to ?is language1 & to r5d] x s apt = ! purposes ( ! lyrical sc5e t ! :ole1 vocal & in/rum5tal1 %\ld be tak5 = "o & ! same idiom4 ,?is produc$ ! necessity ( cont9u\s s++1--a necessity ! great] 9 proportion z ! language employ$ %\ld be unmusical1 z ! less a language has ( s(tness & acc5tuation1 ! m ! alt]nate *ange f song to spee* %ocks ! e>4 ,sid5ote3 ,,music ,,& ,,language4 ,?is mode ( unit+ music to poetry suffic$ to produce int]e/ & illusion among ! ,greeks1 because x 0 natural2 &1 = ! contr>y reason1 x _c h ! l effect on u4 ,9 li/5+ to a hypo!tical & con/ra9$ language1 we c h>dly conceive :at ! s+]s w\ld say1 s t ) mu* noise !y excite little emotion4 ,h5ce ! fur!r necessity ( br++ physical to ! aid ( moral pleasure1 & ( supply+1 by ! *>m ( h>mony1 ! lack ( di/9ctness ( mean+ & en]gy ( expression4 ,?us1 ! less ! he>t 0 t\*$ ! m ne$ !re 0 to flatt] ! e>1 & f s5sation 0 s\ght ! delight :i* s5tim5t c\ld n furni%4 ,h5ce ! orig9 ( airs1 *oruses1 symphonies1 & ( t en*ant+ melody :i* (t5 embelli%es mod]n music at ! exp5se ( its poetic accompanim5t4 ,at ! bir? ( ! ,op]a1 its inv5tors1 to elude t :i* seem$ unnatural1 z an imitation ( human life1 9 ! union ( music ) spee*1 transf]r$ _! sc5es f e>? to heav51 & to hell4 ,n kn[+ h[ to make m5 speak1 !y made gods & devils1 in/ead ( h]oes & %eph]ds1 s+4 ,?us magic & m>vels became spe$ily ! /ock 9 trade ( ! lyrical !atre4 ,yet1 9 spite ( e ef=t to fasc9ate ! eyes1 :il/ multitudes ( in/rum5ts & ( voices bewild]$ ! e>1 ! action ( e piece rema9$ cold1 & all its sc5es 7 totally void ( int]e/4 ,z !re 0 no plot :i*1 h[ev] intricate1 c\ld n be easily unravell$ by ! int]v5tion ( "s god1 ! spectator quietly ab&on$ to ! poet ! task ( deliv]+ 8 h]o f 8 greate/ dang]s4 ,?us imm5se ma*9]y produc$ little effect1 = ! imitation 0 always grossly defective & co>se4 ,a sup]natural action _h 9 x no human int]e/1 & ! s5ses refus$ to yield to an illusion1 9 :i* ! he>t _h no "p4 ,x w\ld h be5 difficult to we>y an assembly at great] co/ ?an 0 done by ^! fir/ op]as4 ,b ! spectacle1 imp]fect z x 01 0 = a long "t ! admiration ( its contempor>ies4 ,!y congratulat$ !mselves on s f9e a discov]y4 ,"h1 !y said1 is a new pr9ciple add$ to t ( ,ari/otle2 "h is admiration add$ to t]ror & pity4 ,!y 7 n aw>e t ! app>5t ri*es ( :i* !y boa/$ 7 b a sign ( /]ility1 l fl[]s :i* cov] ! fields be=e h>ve/4 ,x 0 because !y c\ld n t\* ! he>t t !y aim$ at surpris+1 & _! pret5d$ admiration 01 9 fact1 b a pu]ile a/oni%m5t ( :i* !y ought to h be5 a%am$4 ,a false air ( magnific5ce & en*antm5ts1 sorc]ies1 *im]as1 extravagances ! mo/ insane1 s impos$ ^u !m t1 ) ! be/ fai? 9 ! _w1 !y spoke ) respect & en?usiasm ( a !atre :i* m]it$ no?+ b hisses3 z if !re 7 m m]it 9 mak+ ! k+ ( gods utt] ! /upide/ platitudes ?an !re w\ld be 9 attribut+ ! same to ! l[e/ ( mortals2 or z if ! valets ( ,molire 7 n inf9itely pref]able to ! h]oes ( ,pradon4 ,sid5ote3 ,,e>ly ,,op]as4 ,al?\gh ! au?or ( ^! fir/ op]as _h _h h>dly any o!r object ?an to dazzle ! eye & to a/\nd ! e>1 x c\ld sc>cely happ5 t ! musician did n sometimes endeav\r to express1 by 8 art1 "s s5tim5ts diffus$ ?r\gh ! piece 9 p]=mance4 ,! songs ( nymphs1 ! hymns ( prie/s1 ! %\ts ( w>riors1 inf]nal outcries did n s completely fill up ^! b>b>\s dramas z to leave no mom5ts or situations ( int]e/ :5 ! spectator 0 dispos$ to be mov$4 ,?us x soon began to be felt1 t indep5d5tly ( ! musical declamation1 (t5 ill adapt$ to ! language employ$1 ! musical movem5t ( h>mony & ( songs 0 n ali5 to ! words :i* 7 to be utt]$1 & t consequ5tly ! effect ( music alone1 hi!rto conf9$ to ! s5ses1 c\ld rea* ! he>t4 ,melody1 :i* 0 at fir/ only sep>at$ f poetry by necessity1 pr(it$ by ?is indep5d5ce to adopt beauties absolutely & purely musical2 h>mony1 improv$ & c>ri$ to p]fection1 op5$ to x new means ( pleas+ & ( mov+2 & ! measure1 fre$ f ! emb>rassm5t ( poetic rhy?m1 acquir$ a sort ( cad5ce ( its own4 ,music1 hav+ ?us become a ?ird imitative art1 _h spe$ily its own language1 its expressions1 its pictures1 altoge!r indep5d5t ( poetry4 ,symphony also le>nt to speak )\t ! aid ( words2 & s5tim5ts (t5 came f ! or*e/ra q z di/9ctly & vividly express$ z !y c\ld be by ! m\?s ( actors4 ,spectators !n1 beg9n+ to get disgu/$ ) all ! t9sel ( fairy l&1 ( pu]ile ma*9]y1 & ( fanta/ic images ( ?+s nev] se51 look$ = ! imitation ( nature 9 pictures m int]e/+ & m true4 ,up to ?is "t ! ,op]a _h be5 con/itut$ z x alone c\ld be2 = :at bett] use1 at ! !atre1 c\ld be made ( a k9d ( music :i* c\ld pa9t no?+ ?an by employ+ x 9 ! repres5tation ( ?+s :i* c\ld n exi/8 ,b z soon z music le>nt to pa9t & to speak ! *>ms ( s5tim5t1 x br\ght into contempt ^? ( ! ,w&2 ! !atre 0 purg$ ( its g>d5 ( my?ology1 int]e/ 0 sub/itut$ = a/oni%m5t2 ! ma*9es ( poets & ( c>p5t]s 7 de/roy$2 & ! lyric drama assum$ a m noble & less gigantic "*4 ,all t c\ld move ! he>t 0 employ$ ) success1 & gods 7 driv5 f ! /age on :i* m5 7 repres5t$#df4444 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]atic ,,subjects4 ,?is re=m 0 foll[$ by ano!r n less important4 ,! ,op]a1 x 0 felt1 %\ld repres5t no?+ cold or intellectual--no?+ t ! spectator c\ld witness ) suffici5t tranquillity to reflect on :at he saw4 ,& x is 9 ?is especially t ! ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! lyric drama & pure trag$y consi/s4 ,all political delib]ations1 all plots1 conspiracies1 explanations1 recitals1 s5t5ti\s maxims--9 a ^w1 all :i* speaks to ! reason 0 bani%$ f ! !atre ( ! he>t1 ) all jeux d'esprit1 madrigals1 & o!r pleasant conceits1 :i* suppose "s activity ( ?\ght4 ,on ! contr>y1 to depict all ! en]gies ( s5tim5ts1 all ! viol5ce ( ! passions1 0 made ! pr9cipal object ( ?is drama3 = ! illusion :i* makes its *>m is de/roy$ z soon z ! au?or & actor leave ! spectator a mom5t to himself4 ,x is on ?is pr9ciple t ! mod]n ,op]a is e/abli%$4 ,apo/olo ,z5o1 ! ,corneille ( ,italy1 & 8 t5d] pupil1 :o is its ,rac9e1 ,meta/asio h op5$ & c>ri$ to its p]fection ?is new c>e] ( ! dramatic art4 ,!y h br\ght ! h]oes ( hi/ory on a !atre :i* seem$ only adapt$ to exhibit ! phantoms ( fable4444 ,hav+ tri$ & felt h] /r5g?1 music1 able to walk alone1 began to disda9 ! poetry %e _h to accompany4 ,to enhance h] own value1 %e drew f h]self beauties ( :i* h] companion _h hi!rto _h a %>e4 ,%e /ill pr(esses1 x is true1 to express h] ideas & s5tim5ts2 b %e assumes1 s to speak1 an indep5d5t language1 & ?\gh ! object ( ! poet & ( ! musician is ! same1 !y are too mu* sep>at$ 9 _! lab\rs1 to produce at once two images1 resembl+ ea* o!r1 yet di/9ct1 )\t mutual injury4 ,?us x happ5s1 t if ! musician has m art ?an ! poet1 he effaces him2 & ! actor1 see+ ! spectator sacrifice ! words to ! music1 sacrifices 9 8 turn !atrical ge/ure & action to song & brilliancy ( voice1 :i* trans=ms a dramatic ent]ta9m5t into a m]e conc]t4444 ,su* are ! defects :i* ! absolute p]fection ( music1 & its defective application to language1 may introduce into ! ,op]a4 ,& "h x may be rem>k$ t ! languages ! mo/ apt to con=m to all ! laws ( measure & ( melody are ^? 9 :i* ! duality ( :i* ,i h spok5 is ! lea/ app>5t1 because music1 l5d+ itself to ! ideas ( poetry1 poetry yields1 9 its turn1 to ! inflections ( music1 s t :5 music ceases to obs]ve ! rhy?m1 ! acc5t & ! h>mony ( v]ses1 v]ses syllable !mselves1 & submit to ! cad5ce ( musical measure & acc5t4 ,b :5 a language has nei!r s(tness nor flexibility1 ! h>%ness ( its poetry h9d]s its subjection to music2 a good recitation ( v]ses is ob/ruct$ ev5 by ! sweetness ( ! melody accompany+ x2 & "o is consci\s1 9 ! =c$ union ( ! two arts1 ( a p]petual con/ra9t :i* %ocks ! e>1 & :i* de/roys at once ! *>m ( melody & ! effect ( declamation4 ,= ?is defect !re is no rem$y2 & to apply1 by compulsion1 music to a language :i* is n musical1 is to give x m h>%ness ?an x w\ld o!rwise h4444 ,sid5ote3 ,,music ,,& ,,pa9t+4 ,al?\gh music1 z an imitative art1 has m connection ) poetry ?an ) pa9t+1 ?is latt] is n oblig$1 z poetry is1 at ! !atre1 to make a d\ble repres5tation ( ! same object2 because ! "o expresses ! s5tim5ts ( m51 & ! o!r gives pictures m]ely ( ! places :]e !y are1 :i* /r5g!ns mu* ! illusion ( ! :ole spectacle4444 ,b x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t ! task ( ! musician is great] ?an t ( ! pa9t]4 ,! imitation express$ by pa9t+ is always cold1 because x wants t succession ( ideas & ( impressions :i* increas+ly k9dle ! s\l1 all its portraiture be+ convey$ to ! m9d at a fir/ look4 ,x is a great advantage1 also1 to a musician t he c pa9t ?+s :i* _c be he>d1 :il/ ! pa9t] _c pa9t ^? :i* _c be se52 & ! greate/ prodigy ( an art :i* has no life b 9 movem5t is1 t x is able to give ev5 an image ( repose4 ,sleep1 ! quietude ( night1 solitude1 & sil5ce1 are among ! numb] ( music's pictures4 ,sometimes noise produces ! effect ( sil5ce & sil5ce ! effect ( noise1 z :5 "o falls asleep at a monoton\s read+ & wakes up ! mom5t ! read] /ops4444 ,fur!r1 :il/ ! pa9t] c d]ive no?+ f ! musician1 ! skilful musician w n leave ! /udio ( ! pa9t] )\t pr(it4 ,n only c he1 at 8 w1 agitate ! sea1 excite ! flames ( a conflagration1 make rivulets run & murmur1 br+ d[n ! ra9 & swell x to torr5ts1 b he c augm5t ! horrors ( ! frightful des]t1 d>k5 ! walls ( a subt]ranean prison1 calm ! /orm1 make ! air tranquil & ! sky s]5e1 & %$ f ! or*e/ra ! fre%e/ fragrance ( ! sweete/ b[]s4 ,we h se5 h[ ! union ( ! ?ree arts we h m5tion$ con/itute ! lyric sc5e4 ,"s h be5 tempt$ to introduce a f\r?1 ( :i* ,i h n[ to speak4 ,! "q is to "k :e!r danc+1 be+ a language1 & consequ5tly capable ( becom+ an imitative art1 %\ld n ent] ) ! o!r ?ree into ! action ( ! lyrical drama1 or :e!r x w\ld n r int]rupt & susp5d ?is action & spoil ! effect & ! unity ( ! :ole piece4 ,b "h1 ,i ?9k1 !re c be no "q at all4 ,= e "o feels t ! int]e/ ( a successive action dep5ds ^u ! cont9uance & gr[+ increase ( ! impression its repres5tation makes on u4 ,b by break+ (f a spectacle & introduc+ o!r spectacles :i* h no?+ to d ) x1 ! pr9cipal subject is divid$ into indep5d5t p>ts1 ) no l9k ( connection betwe5 !m2 & ! m agreeable ! ins]t$ spectacles are1 ! great] mu/ be ! de=mity produc$ by ! mutilation ( ! :ole4444 ,x is = ?is reason t ! ,italians h at la/ bani%$ ^! int]ludes f _! op]as4 ,!y are1 sep>ately consid]$1 a species ( spectacle v pleas+1 v piquante1 & q natural1 b s misplac$ 9 ! mid/ ( a tragic action1 t ! two exhibitions injure ea* o!r mutually1 & ! "o c nev] int]e/ b at ! exp5se ( ! o!r4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,ballet4 ,r\sseau !n sugge/s t ! ballet %\ld come aft] ! op]a1 :i*1 z e "o kn[s1 is ! rule at ! ,italian ,op]a h\ses ( ,london1 & :i* appe>s to me a f> pref]able arrangem5t to t ( ! ,fr5* ,acadmie1 :]e no lyrical "w is consid]$ complete )\t a div]tissem5t introduc$ anyh[ into ! middle ( x1 or ( ! ,italian !atres :]e x is /ill ! cu/om to p]=m %ort ballets or div]tissem5ts betwe5 ! acts ( ! op]a4 ,italy1 ! c\ntry ( ! ,ve/rises1 ( ! ,taglionis1 & 9 ! pres5t day ,i may add ( ,rosati1 has always be/[$ mu* c>e on ! production ( its ballets4 ,i h m5tion$ 7,*apt] ,i471 t ! op]a 9 its infancy ow$ mu* to ! protection ( ! ,popes4 ,! ,papal ,gov]nm5t 9 ! pres5t day is said to pay special att5tion to ! ballet1 & to wat* ) pat]nal solicitude ! pir\ettes & jets battus ( ! danseuses4 ,at lea/ ,i f9d a passage to t effect 9 a "w entitl$ ,la ,rome des ,papes1#dg ! writ] decl>+ t c>d9als & bi%ops att5d ! ,op]as ( ,italy to see t ! ball]9e sw+ _! legs )9 c]ta9 limits4 99 99 99 99 99 ,hav+ se5 ,r\sseau's views ( ! ,op]a z x might be1 let u n[ turn to 8 description ( ! ,op]a ( ,p>is z x actually 02 a description put into ! m\? ( ,/4 ,preux1 ! h]o ( 8 ,n\velle ,hloise4 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e ,i tell y :at ,i ?9k ( ?is fam\s !atre1 ,i w tell y :at is said "h ab\t x2 ! judgm5t ( connoisseurs may correct m9e1 if ,i am wrong4 ,! ,op]a ( ,p>is passes at ,p>is = ! mo/ pomp\s1 ! mo/ voluptu\s1 ! mo/ admirable spectacle t human art has ev] inv5t$4 ,x is1 say its admir]s1 ! mo/ sup]b monum5t ( ! magnific5ce ( ,l\is ,,xiv42 & "o is n s free z y may ?9k to express an op9ion on s important a subject4 ,"h y may dispute ab\t ev]y?+ except music & ! ,op]a2 on ^! topics alone x is dang]\s n to dissemble4 ,fr5* music is def5d$1 too1 by a v rigor\s inquisition1 & ! fir/ ?+ intimat$ z a w>n+1 to /rang]s :o visit ?is c\ntry1 is t all =eign]s admit1 !re is no?+ 9 ?is _w s f9e z ! ,op]a ( ,p>is4 ,! fact is1 discreet p hold _! tongues1 & d>e only laugh 9 _! sleeves4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be conc$$1 t n only all ! m>vels ( nature1 b _m o!r m>vels1 mu* great]1 :i* no "o has ev] se51 are repres5t$1 at great co/1 at ?is !atre2 & c]ta9ly ,pope#dh mu/ h allud$ to x :5 he describes "o on :i* 0 se5 gods1 hobgobl9s1 mon/]s1 k+s1 %eph]ds1 fairies1 fury1 joy1 fire1 a jig1 a battle1 & a ball4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]atic ,,incongruity4 ,?is magnific5t assemblage1 s well organiz$1 is 9 fact reg>d$ z ?\gh x conta9$ all ! ?+s x repres5ts4 ,:5 a temple appe>s1 ! spectators are seiz$ ) a holy respect1 & if ! goddess be at all pretty1 !y become at once half pagan4 ,!y are n s difficult "h z !y are at ! ,comdie ,francaise4 ,!re ! audi5ce _c indue a com$ian ) 8 "p3 at ! ,op]a1 !y _c sep>ate ! actor f 84 ,!y revolt aga9/ a reasonable illusion1 & yield to o!rs 9 proportion z !y are absurd & clumsy4 ,or1 p]haps1 !y f9d x easi] to =m an idea ( gods ?an ( h]oes4 ,jupit] hav+ a diff]5t nature f ours1 we may ?9k ab\t him j z we please3 b ,cato 0 a man2 & h[ _m m5 are !y :o h any "r to believe t ,cato c\ld h exi/$8 ,! ,op]a is n !n "h z else:]e1 a company ( com$ians paid to ent]ta9 ! public2 its memb]s are1 x is true1 p :om ! public pay1 & :o exhibit !mselves be=e x2 b all ?is *anges its nature & "n1 = ^! dramati/s =m a ,royal ,academy ( ,music1#di a species ( sov]eign c\rt1 :i* judges )\t appeal 9 its own cause1 & is o!rwise by no means p>ticul> ab\t ju/ice or tru?4444 ,hav+ n[ told y :at o!rs say ( ?is brilliant spectacle1 ,i w tell y at pres5t :at ,i h se5 myself4 ,imag9e an enclosure fifte5 feet broad1 & long 9 proportion2 ?is enclosure is ! !atre4 ,on its two sides are plac$ at int]vals scre5s1 on :i* are grossly pa9t$ ! objects :i* ! sc5e is ab\t to repres5t4 ,at ! back ( ! enclosure hangs a great curta91 pa9t$ 9 l mann] & ne>ly always pi]c$ & torn t x may repres5t at a little di/ance gulfs on ! e>? or holes 9 ! sky4 ,e "o :o passes beh9d ?is /age1 or t\*es ! curta91 produces a sort ( e>?quake1 :i* has a d\ble effect4 ,! sky is made ( c]ta9 bluei% rags susp5d$ f poles or f cords1 z l95 may be se5 hung out to dry 9 any wa%]woman's y>d4 ,! sun1 = x is se5 "h sometimes1 is a light$ tor* 9 a lant]n4 ,! c>s ( ! gods & goddesses are compos$ ( f\r raft]s1 squ>$ & hung on a ?ick rope 9 ! =m ( a sw+ or see-saw2 betwe5 ! raft]s is a cross-plank on :i* ! god sits d[n1 & 9 front hangs a piece ( co>se clo? well dirti$1 :i* acts ! "p ( cl\ds = ! magnific5t c>4 ,"o may see t[>ds ! bottom ( ! ma*9e1 two or ?ree /9k+ c&les1 badly snuff$1 :i*1 :il/ ! great p]sonage dem5t$ly pres5ts himself sw++ 9 8 see-saw1 fumigate him ) an inc5se wor?y ( 8 dignity4 ,! agitat$ sea is compos$ ( long angul> lant]ns ( clo? & blue pa/ebo>d1 /rung on p>allel spits1 :i* are turn$ by little blackgu>d boys4 ,! ?und] is a heavy c>t roll$ ov] an ar*1 & is n ! lea/ agreeable in/rum5t "o he>s4 ,! fla%es ( lightn+ are made ( p9*es ( res9 ?r[n on a flame2 & ! ?und] is a crack] at ! end ( a fusee4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sc5]y ,,& ,,decorations4 ,! !atre is moreov] furni%$ ) little squ>e traps1 :i*1 op5+ at ne$1 ann\nce t ! demons are ab\t to issue f _! cave4 ,:5 !y h to rise into ! air1 little demons ( /uff$ br[n clo? are sub/itut$ = !m1 or sometimes real *imney sweeps1 :o sw+ ab\t susp5d$ on ropes till !y are maje/ically lo/ 9 ! rags ( :i* ,i h spok54 ,! accid5ts1 h[ev]1 :i* n unfrequ5tly happ5 are sometimes z tragic z f>cical4 ,:5 ! ropes break1 !n inf]nal spirits & immortal gods fall toge!r1 & lame & occasionally kill "o ano!r4 ,add to all ?is1 ! mon/]s1 :i* r5d] "s sc5es v pa!tic1 su* z dragons1 liz>ds1 tortoises1 crocodiles & l>ge toads1 :o prom5ade ! !atre ) a m5ac+ air1 & display at ! ,op]a all ! temptations ( ,/4 ,an?ony4 ,ea* ( ^! figures is animat$ by a l\t ( a ,savoy>d1 :o has n ev5 intellig5ce en\gh to play ! bea/4 ,su*1 my c\s91 is ! augu/ ma*9]y ( ! ,op]a1 z ,i h obs]v$ x f ! pit ) ! aid ( my glass2 = y mu/ n imag9e t all ?is app>atus is hidd51 & produces an impos+ effect4 ,i h only describ$ :at ,i h se5 myself1 & :at any o!r spectator may see4 ,i am assur$1 h[ev]1 t !re are a prodigi\s numb] ( ma*9es employ$ to put ! :ole spectacle 9 motion1 & ,i h be5 invit$ sev]al times to exam9e !m2 b ,i h nev] be5 curi\s to le>n h[ little ?+s are p]=m$ by great means4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i w n speak to y ( ! music2 y "k x4 ,b y c =m no idea ( ! frightful cries1 ! long bell[+s ) :i* ! !atre res\nds d>+ ! repres5tation4 ,"o sees actresses ne>ly 9 convulsions1 te>+ yelps & h[ls viol5tly out ( _! lungs1 clos$ h&s press$ on _! brea/s1 heads ?r[n back1 faces inflam$1 ve9s swoll51 & /oma*s pant+4 ,i "k n :i* ( ! two1 ! eye or ! e>1 is mo/ agreeably affect$ by ?is ugly display2 &1 :at is really inconceivable1 x is ^! %riek+s alone t ! audi5ce applaud4 ,by ! clapp+ ( _! h&s !y might be tak5 = deaf p delight$ at cat*+ "s %rill pi]c+ s\nd4 ,= my "p1 ,i am conv9c$ t !y applaud ! outcries ( an actress at ! ,op]a z !y w\ld ! feats ( a tumbl] or a rope-danc] at a fair4 ,! s5sation produc$ by ?is scream+ is bo? revolt+ & pa9ful2 "o actually suff]s :il/ x la/s1 b is s glad to see x all ov] )\t accid5t z will+ly to te/ify joy4 ,imag9e ?is /yle ( s++ employ$ to express ! delicate gallantry & t5d]ness ( ,qu9ault6 ,imag9e ! muses1 ! graces1 ! loves1 ,v5us h]self1 express+ !mselves 9 ?is way1 & judge ! effect6 ,z = devils1 x might pass1 = ?is music has some?+ inf]nal 9 x1 & is n ill-adapt$ to su* be+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,audi5ce ,to ^! exquisite s\nds ^? ( ! or*e/ra are mo/ wor?ily m>ri$4 ,conceive an endless *>iv>i ( in/rum5ts )\t melody1 a drawl+ & p]petual rumble ( basses1 ! mo/ lugubri\s & fatigu+ ,i h ev] he>d1 & :i* ,i h nev] be5 able to support = half an h\r )\t a viol5t heada*e4 ,all ?is =ms a species ( psalmody 9 :i* !re is g5]ally nei!r melody nor measure4 ,b %\ld a lively air spr+ up1 oh1 !n1 ! s5sation is univ]sal2 y !n he> ! :ole pit 9 movem5t1 pa9fully foll[+1 & ) great noise1 "s c]ta9 p]=m] 9 ! or*e/ra4 ,*>m$ to feel = a mom5t a cad5ce1 :i* !y und]/& s little1 _! e>s1 voices1 arms1 feet1 _! entire bodies1 agitat$ all ov]1 run aft] ! measure always ab\t to escape !m2 :ile ! ,italians & ,g]mans1 :o are deeply affect$ by music1 foll[ x )\t ef=t1 & nev] ne$ beat ! "t4 ,b 9 ?is c\ntry ! musical organ is extremely h>d2 voices h no s(tness1 _! inflections are %>p & /rong1 & _! tones all reluctant & =c$2 & !re is no cad5ce1 no melodi\s acc5t 9 ! airs ( ! p2 _! milit>y in/rum5ts1 _! regim5tal fifes1 _! horns1 & hautbois1 _! /reet s+]s1 & gu+uette viol9s1 are all s false z to %ock ! lea/ delicate e>4 ,tal5ts are n giv5 indiscrim9ately to all m51 & ! ,fr5* seem to me ( all p to h ! lea/ aptitude = music4 ,my ,"l ,edw>d says t ! ,engli% are n bett] gift$ 9 ?is respect2 b ! diff]5ce is1 t !y "k x1 & d n c>e ab\t x2 :il/ ! ,fr5* w\ld rel9qui% a ?\s& j titles to praise1 r ?an confess1 t !y are n ! fir/ musicians 9 ! _w4 ,!re are ev5 ^? "h :o w\ld will+ly reg>d music z a /ate int]e/1 because1 p]haps1 ! cutt+ ( two *ords ( ! lyre ( ,timo!us 0 s reg>d$ at ,sp>ta4--,b to return to my description4 ,i h yet to speak ( ! ballets1 ! mo/ brilliant "p ( ! op]a4 ,consid]$ sep>ately1 !y =m agreeable1 magnific5t1 & truly !atrical spectacles2 b x is z con/itu5t p>ts ( op]atic pieces t ,i n[ allude to !m4 ,y "k ! op]as ( ,qu9ault4 ,y "k h[ ?is sort ( div]sion is !re introduc$4 ,8 successors1 9 imitat+1 h surpass$ him 9 absurdity4 ,9 e act ! action is g5]ally int]rupt$ at ! mo/ int]e/+ mom5t1 by a dance giv5 to ! actors :o are seat$1 :ile ! public /& up to look on4 ,x ?us happ5s t ! dramatis p]son are absolutely =gott54 ,! way 9 :i* ^! ftes are br\ght ab\t is v simple3 ,is ! pr9ce joy\s8 8 c\rti]s p>ticipate 9 8 joy1 & dance4 ,is he sad8 he mu/ be *e]$ up1 & !y dance aga94 ,i d n "k :e!r x is ! fa%ion at our c\rt to give balls to k+s :5 !y are out ( hum\r2 b ,i "k t "o _c too mu* admire ! /oicism ( ! mon>*s ( ! busk9 :o li/5 to songs1 & enjoy entre*ats1 & pir\ettes1 :ile _! cr[ns are 9 dang]1 _! lives 9 p]il1 & _! fate is be+ decid$ beh9d ! curta94 ,b !re are _m o!r occasions = dances3 ! grave/ actions 9 life are p]=m$ 9 danc+4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,ballet ,prie/s dance1 soldi]s dance1 gods dance1 devils dance2 !re is danc+ ev5 at int]m5ts1--danc+ propos ( ev]y?+4 ,danc+ is !re ! f\r? ( ! f9e arts con/itut+ ! lyrical sc5e4 ,! ?ree o!rs are imitative2 b :at does ?is imitate8 ,no?+4 ,x is !n q extrane\s :5 employ$ 9 ?is mann]1 = :at h m9uets & rigadoons to d 9 a trag$y8 ,i w say m4 ,x w\ld n be less misplac$1 ev5 if x imitat$ some?+1 because ( all ! unities t ( language is ! mo/ indisp5sable2 & an action or an op]a p]=m$1 half 9 s++ & half 9 danc+1 w\ld be ev5 m ridicul\s ?an "o writt5 half 9 ,fr5* & half 9 ,italian4 ,n cont5t ) introduc+ danc+ z an ess5tial "p ( ! lyrical sc5e1 ! ,academicians h sometimes ev5 made x its pr9cipal subject2 & !y h op]as1 call$ ballets1 :i* s ill respond to _! title1 t danc+ is j z mu* out ( its place 9 !m z 9 ! o!rs4 ,mo/ ( ^! ballets =m z _m sep>ate subjects z !re are acts1 & ^! subjects are l9k$ toge!r by c]ta9 metaphysical relations1 :i* ! spectator c\ld nev] conceive1 if ! au?or did n take c>e to expla9 !m to him 9 ! prologue4 ,! seasons1 ! ages1 ! s5ses1 ! elem5ts1 :at connexion h ^! ?+s ) danc+8 & :at c !y (f]1 ?r\gh su* a m$ium1 to ! imag9ation8 ,"s ( ! pieces ref]r$ to are ev5 purely allegorical1 z ! ,c>nival1 & ,folly2 & ^! are ! mo/ insupportable ( all1 because1 ) mu* clev]ness & piquancy !y h nei!r s5tim5ts nor pictures1 nor situations1 nor w>m?1 nor int]e/1 nor any?+ t music c take hold (1 to flatt] ! he>t or to produce illusion4 ,9 ^! pret5d$ ballets1 ! action always passes 9 s++1 :il/ danc+ always int]rupts ! action4 ,b z ^! p]=mances h /ill less int]e/ ?an ! trag$ies1 ! int]ruptions are less rem>k$4 ,?us defect s]ves to hide defect1 & ! great art ( ! au?or is1 9 ord] to make 8 ballet endurable1 to make 8 piece z dull z possible4444 99 99 99 99 99 ,aft] all1 p]haps1 ! ,fr5* ought n to h a bett] op]atic drama ?an !y h1 at lea/1 ) respect to execution2 n t !y are n capable ( appreciat+ :at is good1 b because ! bad amuses !m m4 ,!y feel m gratification 9 satiris+ ?an 9 applaud+2 ! pleasure ( criticis+ m ?an comp5sates !m = ! ennui ( witness+ a /upid composition1 & !y w\ld r mock+ly pelt a p]=mance aft] !y h left ! !atre1 ?an enjoy !mselves :ile !re4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,le ,,dev9 ,,du ,,village4 ,i h already rem>k$ t1 al?\gh 9 8 ,lettre sur la ,musique ,franaise1 ,r\sseau _h prais$ ! melody ( ! ,italians z mu* z he _h condemn$ ! dre>y psalmody ( ! ,fr5*1 he express$ ! highe/ admiration = ! g5ius ( ,gluck4 ,he nev] miss$ a repres5tation ( ,orphe1 & said1 9 allusion to ! gratification t "w _h af=d$ him1 t aft] all !re 0 some?+ 9 life wor? liv+ =1 s9ce 9 two h\rs s mu* g5u9e pleasure c\ld be obta9$4 ,he obs]v$ t ,gluck seem$ to h come to ,france 9 ord] to give ! lie to 8 proposition t good music c\ld nev] be set to ,fr5* words4 ,at ano!r "t he obs]v$ t e "o compla9$ ( ,gluck's want ( melody1 b t = 8 "p he ?\ght x issu$ f all 8 pores4 99 99 99 99 99 ,n[ let u turn to ! ,dev9 du ,village1 ( :i* bo? words & music are g5]ally attribut$ to ,jean ,jacques ,r\sseau2 t ,r\sseau :o1 9 ! ,confessions1 reproa*es himself s bitt]ly ) hav+ /ol5 a ribbon 7x is true he _h accus$ an innoc5t "y girl ( ! !ft1 &1 by implication1 ( some?+ m71 :o passes complac5tly ov] a hundr$ mean & disgu/+ acts :i* he ackn[l$ges to h committ$1 & :o ends by decl>+ t any "o :o may come to ! conclusion t he1 ,r\sseau1 is1 un malhonnte homme1 is himself a man to be smo!r$1 7un homme t\ff]74 ,le ,dev9 du ,village is und\bt$ly ! "w ( ,jean ,jacques ,r\sseau1 z f> z ! libretto is conc]n$2 b ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze has %[n1 on :at appe>s to me v good evid5ce1#ej t ! music 0 ! production ( ,granet1 a compos] resid+ at ,lyons4 ,"o day 9 ! ye> #agea1 ,pi]re ,r\sseau1 call$ ,r\sseau ( ,t\l\se1 to di/+ui% him f ! num]\s o!r ,r\sseaus liv+ 9 ,p>is1 & kn[n z ! director ( ! ,j\rnal ,encyclopdique1 receiv$ a p>cel conta9+ a quantity ( manuscript music1 :i*1 on exam9ation1 turn$ out to be ! score ( an op]a4 ,x 0 accompani$ by a lett] address$1 l ! p>cel itself1 to ,m4 ,r\sseau1 homme de lettres1 demeurant ,p>is1 9 :i* a p]son sign+ himself ,granet1 & writ+ f ,lyons1 express$ a hope t 8 music w\ld be f\nd wor?y ( ! illu/ri\s au?or's words2 t he _h giv5 appropriate expression to ! t5d] s5tim5ts ( ,colette & ,col91 c4 ,pi]re ,r\sseau1 ?\gh a j\rnali/1 und]/ood music4 ,he knew t ,granet's lett] 0 int5d$ = ,jean ,jacques1 & t he ought to return x1 ) ! music1 to ! po/-(fice1 b ! score ( ! ,dev9 du ,village1 f ! little he _h se5 ( x1 int]e/$ him1 & he n only kept x until he _h made himself famili> ) x f beg9n+ to end1 b ev5 %[$ x to a fri5d1 ,m4 de ,beliss5t1 "o ( ! cons]vators ( ! ,royal ,libr>y1 & a man ( great musical acquirem5ts4 ,z soon z ,pi]re ,r\sseau & ,de ,beliss5t _h q f9i%$ ) ! ,dev9 du ,village1 !y s5t x back to ! po/-(fice1 :5ce x 0 =w>d$ to its true de/9ation4 ,sid5ote3 ,,le ,,dev9 ,,du ,,village4 ,jean ,jacques _h be5 expect+ ,granet's music1 &1 on receiv+ ! op]a 9 a complete =m1 took x to ,la ,vaubalire1 ! f>m]-g5]al1 & (f]$ x to him1 directly or indirectly1 z a suitable piece = ,madame de ,pompad\r's !atre at ,v]sailles1 :]e sev]al op]ettas _h already be5 produc$4 ,la ,vaubalire 0 anxi\s to ma9ta9 himself 9 ! good graces ( ! fav\rite1 & pur*as$ = h] ent]ta9m5t ! "r ( repres5t+ ! ,dev9 du ,village4 ,?is h&some pres5t co/ ! gallant f9anci] ! sum ( six ?\s& francs4 ,h[ev]1 ! op]a 0 p]=m$1 0 wond]fully successful1 & 0 aft]w>ds produc$ at ! ,acadmie1 :5 ,r\sseau receiv$ f\r ?\s& francs m2 s at lea/ says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 :o appe>s to h d]iv$ 8 in=mation f ! books ( ! !atre1 ?\gh accord+ to ,r\sseau's own /atem5t 9 ! ,confessions1 ! ,op]a s5t him only fifty l\is1 :i* he decl>es he nev] ask$ =1 b :i* he does n pret5d to h return$4 ,r\sseau confesses1 ) /udi$ detail1 h[ ! music ( ea* piece 9 ! ,dev9 du ,village occurr$ to him2 h[ he at "o "t ?\ght ( burn+ ! :ole affair 7a conceit1 by ! way1 :i* has s9ce be5 r5d]$ common-place by amateur au?ors 9 _! prefaces72 h[ 8 fri5ds succe$$ 9 p]suad+ him to d no?+ ( ! k9d2 & h[1 at la/1 he wrote ! drama & sket*$ out ! :ole ( ! music 9 six days1 s t :5 he arriv$ ) 8 "w 9 ,p>is1 he _h no?+ to add b ! recitative & ! remplissage by :i* he probably meant ! or*e/ral p>ts4 ,9 ! next page he tells u t he w\ld h giv5 any?+ 9 ! _w if he c\ld only h _h ! ,dev9 du ,village p]=m$ = himself alone1 & h li/5$ to x ) clos$ doors1 z ,lulli is report$ to h li/5$ to 8 ,armide1 execut$ = 8 sole gratification4 ,?is pleasure might1 p]haps1 h be5 enjoy$ by ,r\sseau if he _h really compos$ ! music himself1 = :5 ! ,acadmie produc$ 8 second ,dev9 du ,village1 ( :i* ! music 0 und\bt$ly 8 own1 ! public positively refus$ to li/5 to x1 & hiss$ x until x 0 )drawn4 ,if ! director _h p]si/$ 9 repres5t+ ! piece ! !atre w\ld d\btless h be5 des]t$ by e "o b ! compos]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,le ,,dev9 ,,du ,,village4 ,b to return to ! orig9al score :i*1 z ,r\sseau himself in=ms u1 want$ no?+ :5 he arriv$ 9 ,p>is except :at he calls ! remplissage & ! recitative4 ,he _h int5d$1 he says1 to h ,le ,dev9 p]=m$ at ! ,op]a1 b ,m4 de ,cury1 ! int5dant ( ! ,m5us ,plaisirs1 0 det]m9$ x %\ld fir/ be br\ght out at ! ,c\rt4 ,a duel 0 v ne>ly tak+ place betwe5 ! two directors1 :5 x 0 at la/ decid$ by ,r\sseau himself1 t ,fonta9ebleau1 ,madame de ,pompad\r1 & ,la ,vaubalire %\ld h ! pref]5ce4 ,:e!r ,granet _h omitt$ to write recitative or n1 x is a rem>kable fact t recitative 0 want$ :5 ! piece came to be rehe>s$1 & t ,r\sseau all[$ ,jliotte1 ! s+]1 to supply x4 ,?is he m5tions himself1 z also t he 0 n pres5t at any ( ! rehe>sals--= x is at rehe>sals above all1 t a %am compos] runs ! *ance ( be+ detect$4 ,x is an easy ?+ = any man to say t he has compos$ an op]a1 b x may be difficult = him to correct a v simple error made by ! copyi/ 9 transcrib+ ! p>ts4 ,h[ev]1 ,r\sseau admits t he att5d$ no rehe>sals except ! la/1 & t he did n compose ! recitative1 :i*1 be x obs]v$1 ! s+]s requir$ =?)1 & :i* _h to be writt5 almo/ b5ea? _! eyes4 ,b :at 0 ,granet do+ 9 ! mean:ile8 x w be ask$4 ,9 ! mean:ile ,granet _h di$4 ,& ,pi]re ,r\sseau & 8 fri5d ,m4 de ,belliss5t8 ,r\sseau1 ( ,t\l\se1 support$ by ! ,cons]vator ( ! ,royal ,libr>y1 accus$ ,jean ,jacques op5ly ( fraud 9 ! columns ( ! ,j\rnal ,encyclopdique4 ,^! accusations 7 repeat$ on all sides1 until at la/ ,r\sseau und]took to reply to !m by compos+ new music to ! ,dev9 du ,village4 ,?is new music ! ,op]a refus$ to p]=m1 & ) "s reason1 = x appe>s 7z ! read] has se57 to h be5 dete/able4 ,x 0 n execut$ until aft] ,r\sseau's dea?1 & at ! special reque/ ( 8 wid[1 :51 9 ! words ( ,grimm1 all ! new airs 7 hoot$ )\t ! slighte/ reg>d = ! memory ( ! au?or4 ,x is ?is utt] failure ( ! second edition ( ! ,dev9 du ,village :i* conv9ces me m ?an any?+ else t ! fir/ 0 n f ! h& ( ,r\sseau4 ,b let u n say t he 0 un malhonnte homme4 ,probably ! consci5ti\s au?or ( ! ,contrat ,social adopt$ ! *ildr5 ( o!rs by way ( comp5sation = hav+ s5t 8 own to ! ,enfants ,tr\vs4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,gluck ,,& ,,picc9ni ,,9 ,,p>is4 ,gluck at ,vi5na4--,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis4--,a rehe>sal at ,sophie ,arn\ld's4--,gluck & ,ve/ris4--,picc9ni 9 ,italy4--,picc9ni 9 ,p>is4--,! two ,iphig5ias4--,iphig5ia 9 ,*ampagne4--,madele9e ,guim>d1 ,ve/ris1 & ! ,ballet4 ,fifte5 ye>s be=e ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 ( :i*1 9 ! pres5t day1 e "o c trace ! gradual approa*1 ! important "q t occupi$ ! capital ( ,france 0 n ! emancipation ( ! peasants1 nor ! reorganisation ( ! judicial sy/em1 nor ! equalisation ( ! taxes all ov] ! c\ntry2 x 0 simply ! m]it ( ,gluck z comp>$ ) ,picc9ni1 & ( ,picc9ni z comp>$ ) ,gluck4 ,p>is 0 divid$ into two camps1 ea* ( :i* _h its own special music4 ,! ,g]man ma/] 0 decl>$ by ! p>tisans ( ! ,italian to be sev]e1 unmelodi\s & heavy3 by 8 own fri5ds he 0 consid]$ pr(\nd1 full ( inspiration & em95tly dramatic4 ,picc9ni1 on ! o!r h&1 0 accus$ by 8 enemies ( frivolity & insipidity1 :ile 8 support]s ma9ta9$ t 8 melodies t\*$ ! he>t1 & t x 0 n ! prov9ce ( music to appeal to ! intellect4 ,fundam5tally1 ! dispute 0 t :i* /ill exi/s z to ! sup]iority ( ,g]man or ,italian music4 ,sev]e classici/s cont9ue to despise mod]n ,italian compos]s z un9tellectual1 & ! ,italians /ill sne] at ! music ( ,g]many z ! music ( ma!matics4 ,ross9i1 ,donizetti1 & ,v]di h be5 und]valu$ 9 succession by ! critics ( ,g]many1 ,france & ,engl&2 & al?\gh !re c be no "q z to ! inf]iority ( ! la/ to ! fir/-nam$ ( ^! compos]s1 ,signor ,v]di1 if he pays any att5tion to ! attacks ( :i* he is s con/antly ! object1 c always console himself by reflect+ t1 aft] all1 n half s mu* has be5 said aga9/ 8 op]as z x 0 once ! fa%ion to say aga9/ ,ross9i's4 ,! ,italians1 on ! o!r h&1 c be fairly reproa*$ ) ?is1 t1 to ! pres5t day1 !y h nev] appreciat$ ,don ,giovanni4 ,!y cons5t to play x 9 ,london1 ,p>is & ,/4 ,pet]sburgh because ! musical public ( ! capitals "k ! "w & are conv9c$ t no?+ f9] has ev] be5 writt52 7?is is1 h[ev]1 less 9 ,p>is ?an 9 ! o!r two capitals ( ! ,italian ,op]a71 b ! s+]s !mselves d n 9 _! he>ts l ,moz>t4 ,!y are k9d en\gh to execute 8 music1 because !y are well paid = x1 b t is all4 ,sid5ote3 ,,g]man ,,& ,,italian ,,music4 ,9 ! pres5t c5tury1 :i* is above all an age ( eclecticism1 we f9d ! natural desc5dants ( ,picc9ni go+ ov] to ! ,glucki/s1 :ile ! legitimate inh]itors ( ,gluck ab&on _! succession to adopt ! facile =ms & sometimes unmean+ if melodi\s phrases ( ! ,picc9ni/s4 ,c]ta9ly !re are no traces ( ! gr& old ,g]man s*ool 9 ! light popul> music ( ,h]r ,flot[ 7:o1 if n a ,g]man1 is a ,g]manis$ ,russian72 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ,signor ,v]di 9 8 emphatic mom5ts q belies 8 ,italian orig92 inde$1 !re are passages 9 sev]al ( ?is compos]'s op]as :i* may be trac$ directly n to ,ross9i1 b to ,mey]be]4 ,! hi/ory ( ! qu>rels betwe5 ! ,glucki/s & ,picc9ni/s has no importance 9 connection ) art4 ,^! disputes l$ to no s\nd criticism1 nor h ! attacks & replies on ei!r side add$ any?+ to :at 0 already kn[n on ! subject ( music z appli$ to ! expression & illu/ration ( human passion4 ,z = decid+ betwe5 ,gluckism & ,picc9nism 7,i say no?+ ab\t ! m51 :o c]ta9ly 7 n equal 9 po9t ( g5ius71 t is impossible4 ,x is almo/ a "q ( organisation4 ,x may be rem>k$1 h[ev]1 t no compos] ev] began z a ,glucki/ 7s to speak7 & end$ z a ,picc9ni/1 :]eas ,ross9i1 9 8 la/ & greate/ "w1 approa*es ! ,g]man /yle1 & ev5 ,donizetti1 9 8 late/ & mo/ dramatic op]as1 exhibits some:at ( ! same t5d5cy4 ,x w be rememb]$1 too1 t ! great ,moz>t1 & 9 our own day ,mey]be]1 wrote _! e>li] op]as 9 ! ,italian mode1 & ab&on$ x :5 !y recognis$ its insuffici5cy = dramatic purposes4 ,inde$1 ,gluck's own /yle1 z we %all pres5tly see1 und]w5t a simil> *ange4 ,b x w\ld be ra% to conclude f ^! in/ances1 t ,italians1 writ+ 9 ! ,italian /yle1 h produc$ no great dramatic music4 ,ross9i's ,otello & ,bell9i's ,norma at once sugge/ !mselves z conv9c+ pro(s ( ! contr>y4 ,all t rema9s n[ ( ! ,gluck v]sus ,picc9ni conte/ is a numb] ( anecdotes1 :i* are amus+1 z %[+ ! height musical en?usiasm & musical prejudice _h rea*$ 9 ,p>is at an epo* :5 music & ! arts g5]ally 7 ab\t ! la/ ?+s t %\ld h occupi$ ! ,fr5*4 ,b be=e call+ att5tion to a few ( ! pr9cipal incid5ts 9 ?is h>moni\s civil w>1 let me sket* ! e>ly c>e] ( ea* ( ! great lead]s4 ,gluck 0 born1 9 #agab1 ( ,bohemian p>5ts1 s t he 0 almo/ c]ta9ly n ( ,g]man b ( ,slavonian orig94#ea ,"y ,gluck le>nt ! scale simultane\sly ) ! alphabet 7:y %\ld n all *ildr5 be taught to read f music-notes z !y are taught to read f ord9>y typography87 & soon aft]w>ds receiv$ lessons on ! violoncello1 :i*1 h[ev]1 7 put a /op to by ! dea? ( 8 fa!r4 ,sid5ote3 ,,*ildhood ,,( ,,gluck4 ,little ,*ri/oph] 0 left an orphan at a v e>ly age4 ,=tunately1 he _h made suffici5t progress on ! violoncello to obta9 an engagem5t ) a company ( w&]+ musicians4 ,?us he contriv$ to exi/ until ! tr\pe _h w&]$ z f> z ,vi5na1 :]e 8 tal5t attract$ ! att5tion ( a few sympa!tic & g5]\s m51 :o enabl$ him to complete 8 musical education 9 peace4 ,aft] /udy+ h>mony & c\nt]po9t1 ,gluck det]m9$ to leave ! capital ( ,g]many = ,italy2 = 9 ^? days no "o 0 acc\nt$ a musician :o _h n d]iv$ a c]ta9 am\nt ( 8 inspiration f ,italian s\rces4 ,aft] /udy+ f\r ye>s "u ! celebrat$ ,m>t9i1 he felt t ! "t _h come = him to produce a "w ( 8 own4 ,8 ,artax]xes 0 giv5 at ,milan ) success1 & ?is op]a 0 foll[$ by sev5 o!rs1 :i* 7 br\ght out ei!r at ,v5ice1 ,cremona or ,tur94 ,five ye>s suffic$ = ,gluck to make an imm5se "n 9 ,italy4 ,8 reputation ev5 ext5d$ to ! o!r c\ntries ( ,europe & ! (f]s he receiv$ f ! ,engli% 7 suffici5tly lib]al to tempt ! ris+ compos] to pay a visit to ,london4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 he _h to cont5d ) ! g5ius & celebrity ( ,h&el1 comp>$ ) :om he 0 z yet b a compos] ( m$iocrity4 ,he return$ to ,vi5na n v well pleas$ ) 8 reception 9 ,engl&1 & soon aft]w>ds made 8 appe>ance once m 9 ,italy1 :]e he produc$ five o!r works1 all ( :i* 7 successful4 ,hi!rto ,gluck's /yle _h be5 q 9 accordance ) ! ,italian ta/e1 & ! ,italians did n ?9k ( reproa*+ him ) any want ( melody4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y applaud$ 8 works1 z if !y _h be5 sign$ by "o ( _! mo/ e/eem$ ma/]s4 ,b if ! ,italians 7 satisfi$ ) ,gluck1 ,gluck 0 n satisfi$ ) ! ,italians2 & x 0 n until he _h left ,italy1 t he discov]$ 8 true ve94 ,gluck 0 =ty-six ye>s ( age :5 he br\ght out 8 ,alce/is1 ! fir/ "w compos$ 9 ! /yle :i* is n[ reg>d$ z peculi>ly 8 own4 ,alce/is1 & ,orpheus1 by :i* x 0 foll[$1 creat$ a great s5sation 9 ,g]many1 & :5 ! ,*evali] ,gluck compos$ a "w by comm&1 9 hon\r ( ! ,emp]or ,joseph's m>riage1 x 0 play$1 n p]haps by ! greate/ arti/s 9 ,g]many1 b c]ta9ly by ! mo/ di/+ui%$1 = ! pr9cipal p>ts 7 di/ribut$ among f\r ar*-du*esses & an ar*-duke4 ,:]e are ! dukes & du*esses n[ :o c\ld play1 n ) success1 b )\t disa/r\s failure1 9 an op]a by ,gluck8 ,sid5ote3 ,,gluck ,,at ,,vi5na4 ,x s happ5$ t at ,vi5na1 atta*$ to ! ,fr5* embassy1 liv$ a c]ta9 ,m4 du ,rollet1 :o 0 9 ! habit ( consid]+ himself a poet4 ,to him ,gluck confid$ 8 project ( visit+ ,p>is1 & compos+ = ! ,fr5* /age4 ,du ,rollet n only enc\rag$ ! musician 9 8 int5tions1 b ev5 promis$ him a libretto ( 8 own writ+4 ,! libretto 0 n good--inde$ :at libretto is8--except1 p]haps1 "s ( ,scribe's libretti = ! light op]as ( ,aub]4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! ,opra ,comique is only a developm5t ( ! vaudeville2 & 9 ! entire catalogue ( s]i\s op]as1 ) ! exception ( ,meta/asio's1 a few by ,romani & ,da ,ponte's ,don ,giovanni 7) a ,moz>t to int]pret x71 x is n easy to f9d any :i*1 9 a lit]>y & poetical s5se1 are n absurd4 ,h[ev]1 ,du ,rollet arrang$1 or dis>rang$1 ,rac9e's ,iphignie1 to suit ! requirem5ts ( ! lyric /age1 & h&$ ov] ! book to ! ,*evali] ,gluck4 ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis 0 compos$ 9 less ?an a ye>2 b to write an op]a is "o ?+1 to get x produc$ ano!r4 ,at t "t ! ,fr5* ,op]a 0 a close bor\gh1 9 ! h&s ( half a doz5 native compos]s1 ^: nationality 0 = ! mo/ "p _! only m]it4 ,^! musicians 7 n 9 ! habit ( positively refus+ all *ance to =eign competitors2 b !y int]pos$ all sorts ( delays betwe5 ! acceptance & ! production ( _! works1 & did _! be/ g5]ally to prev5t _! success4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,dauph9ess ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 _h und]tak5 to introduce ! great ,g]man compos] to ,p>is1 & %e smoo!d ! way = him s effectually1 t soon aft] 8 arrival 9 ! ,fr5* capital1 ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis 0 accept$1 & actually put into rehe>sal4 ,gluck n[ f\nd a t]rible & app>5tly insurm\ntable ob/acle to 8 success 9 ! ignorance & ob/9acy ( ! or*e/ra4 ,he 0 n ! man to be satisfi$ ) slov5ly execution1 & _m & sev]e 7 ! lessons he _h to give ! ,fr5* musicians1 9 ! c\rse ( almo/ z _m rehe>sals z ,mey]be] requires 9 ! pres5t day1 be=e he felt ju/ifi$ 9 ann\nc+ 8 "w z ready = repres5tation4 ,! "y ,pr9cess _h reque/$ ! lieut5ant ( police to take ! necess>y precautions aga9/ di/urbances2 & %e h]self1 accompani$ by ! ,dauph91 ! ,c\nt & ,c\ntess ( ,prov5ce1 ! ,du*esses ( ,*>tres & ( ,b\rbon1 & ! ,pr9cess de ,lamballe1 ent]$ ! !atre be=e ! public 7 admitt$4 ,! m9i/]s & all ! ,c\rt1 ) ! exception ( ! k+ 7,l\is ,,xv47 & ,madame ,du ,b>ry 7 pres5t4 ,sophie ,arn\ld 0 ! ,iphig5ia1 & is said to h be5 admirable 9 t "*1 ?\gh ! *>m+ ,sophie seems to h ow$ mo/ ( h] success to h] act+ r ?an to h] s++4 ,! fir/ night ( ,iphig5ia1 ,l>rive1 :o took ! "p ( ,agamemnon1 actually ab/a9$ f s++ ?r\gh 8 nose4 ,?is is m5tion$ by ! critics & memoriali/s ( ! "t z some?+ incr$ible1 & almo/ sup]natural4 ,x appe>s t ,l>rive1 9 spite ( 8 nasal twang1 0 consid]$ a v f9e s+]4 ,! public ( ! pit us$ to applaud him1 b !y w\ld also say1 :5 he _h j f9i%$ "o ( 8 airs1 ,t nose has really a magnific5t voice6 ,sid5ote3 ,,iphig5ia ,,9 ,,aulis4 ,! success ( ,iphig5ia 0 prodigi\s4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette h]self gave ! signal ( ! applause1 & x matt]$ little to ! c\rti]s :e!r !y und]/ood ,gluck's gr&1 simple music1 or n4 ,all !y _h to d1 & all !y did1 0 to foll[ ! example ( ! ,dauph9ess4 ,nev] did poet1 arti/1 or musician h a m en?usia/ic patroness ?an ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 ,%e n only enc\rag$ ,gluck h]self1 b visit$ ) h] sev]e displeasure all :o v5tur$ to treat him disrespectfully4 ,& x mu/ be rememb]$ t 9 ^? days a ,gr& ,seigneur paid a great arti/1 or a great writ]1 j :at am\nt ( respect he ?\ght fit4 ,?us1 "o ,gr& ,seigneur _h ,voltaire can$ 7& aft]w>ds f pride or f c[>dice refus$ 8 *all5ge71 :ile ano!r /ruck ,beaum>*ais1 &1 aft] insult+ him 9 ! c\rt ( ju/ice ov] :i* he presid$1 summon$ him to leave ! b5* & come outside1 t he might assass9ate him4 ,! fir/ p]son ) :om ,gluck came to an op5 rupture 0 ! ,pr9ce d',h5n91 ! ,pr9ce ( ,dw>fs1 z he 0 call$4 ,! *evali]1 9 spite ( 8 despotic1 unyield+ nature1 c\ld n help giv+ way to ! *>m+ ,sophie ,arn\ld1 :o1 ) a caprice p]mitt$ to h] alone1 insi/$ on ! rehe>sals ( ,orpheus tak+ place 9 h] own ap>tm5ts4 ,! or*e/ra 0 play+1 & ,sophie ,arn\ld 0 s++1 :5 sudd5ly ! door op5$1 & 9 walk$ ! ,pr9ce d',h5n94 ,?is 0 n a gr& rehe>sal1 & all ! vocali/s 7 seat$4 ,i believe1 said ! ,gr& ,seigneur1 address+ ,sophie ,arn\ld 9 ! middle ( h] air1 t x is ! cu/om 9 ,france to rise :5 any "o ent]s ! room1 especially if x be a p]son ( "s consid]ation8 ,gluck leap$ f 8 seat ) rage1 ru%$ t[>ds ! intrud]1 & ) 8 eyes fla%+ fire1 said to him3-- ,! cu/om 9 ,g]many1 sir1 is to rise only = ^? :om we e/eem4 ,!n turn+ to ,sophie1 he add$3-- ,i p]ceive1 ,mademoiselle1 t y are n mi/ress 9 y\r own h\se4 ,i leave y1 & %all nev] set foot "h aga94 ,:5 ! /ory 0 told to ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 %e 0 indignant ) ! ,pr9ce1 & compell$ him to make am5ds to ! *evali] = ! insult (f]$ to him4 ,! ,pr9ce's pride mu/ h suff]$ t]ribly2 = he _h to pay a visit to ! compos]1 & to ?ank him = hav+ assur$ him 9 ! pla9e/ t]ms1 t he look$ ^u him ) great contempt4 ,?is ,pr9ce d',h5n9 0 a fav\rite butt = ! wit ( ! vivaci\s ,c\nt de ,lauragais1 :o1 z ! read]1 p]haps1 rememb]s1 0 "o ( ,sophie ,arn\ld's e>lie/ & mo/ devot$ admir]s4 ,"o day :5 ! int]e/+ ,sophie 0 unwell1 ! ,c\nt ask$ h] physician :e!r x 0 n especially necess>y to ?9k ( h] spirits1 & to keep away ev]y?+ t might t5d to h a depress+ effect ^u !m4 ,! doctor answ]$ ! ,c\nt's sagaci\s "q 9 ! affirmative4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,pr9ce ,d',,h5n94 ,above all1 cont9u$ ,de ,lauragais1 d y n consid] x ( ! greate/ importance t ! ,pr9ce d',h5n9 %\ld n be all[$ to visit h]8 ,! physician admitt$ t x w\ld be z well %e %\ld n see ! pr9ce2 b ,de ,lauragais 0 n satisfi$ ) ?is1 & he at la/ p]suad$ ! oblig+ doctor to put 8 op9ion 9 ! =m ( a direct recomm5dation4 ,9 o!r words1 he made him write a prescription = ,mdlle4 ,arn\ld1 =bidd+ h] to h any conv]sation ) ! ,pr9ce d',h5n94 ,?is prescription he s5t to ! pr9ce's h\se1 ) a lett] call+ 8 p>ticul> att5tion to x1 & entreat+ him1 = ! sake ( ,mdlle4 ,arn\ld's heal?1 n to =get ! injunction x conta9$4 ,! consequ5ce 0 a duel1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 att5d$ ) no bad results1 =1 9 ! ev5+1 ! insultor & ! insult$ met at ,sophie ,arn\ld's h\se4 ,x n[ became ! fa%ion at ! ,c\rt to att5d ! rehe>sals ( ,orpheus1 :i* took place once m 9 ! !atre4 ,on ^! occasions1 ! doors 7 besieg$ long be=e ! p]=mance comm5c$2 & numb]s ( p]sons 7 unable to ga9 admission4 ,to see ,gluck at a rehe>sal 0 inf9itely m int]e/+ ?an to see him at "o ( ! ord9>y public repres5tations4 ,! compos] _h c]ta9 habits2 & f ^! he w\ld n dep>t = any "o4 ,?us1 on ent]+ ! or*e/ra1 he w\ld take 8 coat (f to conduct at ease 9 8 %irt sleeves4 ,!n he w\ld remove 8 wig1 & replace x by a cotton night-cap ( ! remote/ fa%ion4 ,:5 ! rehe>sal 0 at an end1 he _h no necessity to tr\ble himself ab\t ! articles ( dress :i* he _h laid aside1 = !re 0 a g5]al conte/ betwe5 ! dukes & pr9ces ( ! ,c\rt z to :o %\ld h& !m to him4 ,orpheus is said to h be5 q z successful z ,iphig5ia4 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 :i* sometimes makes me d\bt ! complet5ess ( ?is success1 9 a musical po9t ( view1 is ! record$ fact1 t ! ballet1 especially1 0 v f9e4 ,! ballet is c]ta9ly n ! fir/ ?+ we ?9k ( 9 ,william ,tell1 or ev5 9 ,rob]t4 ,x appe>s t ,gluck himself object$ positively to ! introduction ( danc+ into ! op]a ( ,orpheus4 ,he held1 & ) evid5t reason1 t x w\ld int]f]e ) ! s]i\sness & pa?os ( ! g5]al action1 & w\ld1 9 %ort1 spoil ! piece4 ,he 0 ov]rul$ by ! ,di\ de la ,danse4 ,:at c\ld ,gluck's op9ion be wor? 9 ! eyes ( ,augu/e or ( ,gaetan ,ve/ris1 :o held t !re 7 only ?ree great m5 9 ,europe--,voltaire1 ,fr$]ick ( ,prussia1 & himself4 ,no6 ! danc] 0 det]m9$ to h 8 ,*acone1 & he 0 z ob/9ate1 inde$1 m ob/9ate1 ?an ,gluck himself4 ,write me ! music ( a *acone1 ,monsieur ,gluck1 said ! god ( danc+4 ,a *acone6 exclaim$ ! indignant compos]2 ,d y ?9k ! ,greeks1 ^: mann]s we are endeav\r+ to depict1 knew :at a *acone 08 ,sid5ote3 ,,gluck ,,& ,,ve/ris4 ,did !y n6 repli$ ,ve/ris1 a/oni%$ at ! in=mation2 & 9 a tone ( compassion1 he add$1 ,!n !y are mu* to be piti$4 ,alce/is1 on its fir/ production1 did n meet ) s mu* success z ,orpheus & ,iphig5ia4 ,! piece itself 0 s+ul>ly un9t]e/+2 & ?is 0 made ! pretext = a ho/ ( epigrams1 ( :i* ! /+ fell1 n ^u ! au?or1 b ^u ! compos]4 ,h[ev]1 aft] a few repres5tations1 ,alce/is began to attract ! public q z mu* z ! two previ\s works _h done4 ,gluck's detractors 7 discomfit$1 & ! !atre 0 fill$ e ev5+ ) 8 admir]s4 ,at ?is juncture1 ! compos] ( ,alce/is 0 ?r[n into great di/ress by ! dea? ( 8 fav\rite niece4 ,he left ,p>is1 & 8 enemies1 :o _h be5 unable to vanqui%1 n[ resolv$ to replace him4 ,i h said t ,madame ,du ,b>ry did n hon\r ! repres5tation ( ,gluck's op]as ) h] pres5ce4 ,x 01 9 fact1 %e :o head$ ! opposition aga9/ him4 ,%e 0 mortifi$ at n hav+ "s fav\rite musician ( h] own to patronize :5 ! ,dauph9ess _h h]s1 & n[ resolv$ to s5d to ,italy = ,picc9ni1 9 ! hope t :5 ,gluck return$1 he w\ld f9d himself neglect$ = ! already celebrat$ ,italian compos]4 ,b>on de ,breteuil1 ! ,fr5* ambassador at ,rome1 0 in/ruct$ to (f] ,picc9ni an annual sal>y ( two ?\s& cr[ns if he w\ld g to ,p>is1 & reside !re4 ,! ,italian ne$$ no press+1 = he 0 z anxi\s to visit ! ,fr5* capital z ,gluck himself _h be54 ,j !n1 h[ev]1 ,l\is ,,xv4 di$1 by :i* ! patroness ( ! ,g]man compos]1 f ,dauph9ess1 became ,que54 ,madame ,du ,b>ry's p>ty hesitat$ ab\t br++ ov] a compos] to :om !y fanci$ ,m>ie ,anto9ette mu/ be z ho/ile z !y !mselves 7 to ,gluck4 ,b ! ,m>quis ,c>accioli1 ! ,neapolitan ambassador at ! ,c\rt ( ,france1 _h n[ tak5 ! matt] 9 h&1 & f m]e excess ( patriotism1 _h det]m9$ t ,picc9ni %\ld make 8 appe>ance 9 ,p>is to de/roy ! reputation ( ! ,g]man at a s+le bl[4 ,z = ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 %e n only did n ?9k ( oppos+ ! ,italian1 b1 :5 he arriv$1 receiv$ him mo/ graci\sly1 & %[$ him e possible k9dness4 ,b be=e introduc+ ,picc9ni to our read]s z ! rival ( ,gluck 9 ,p>is1 let u take a glance at 8 previ\s c>e] 9 8 native l&4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,nicolas ,,picc9ni4 ,nicolas ,picc9ni1 :o 0 n less ?an fifty ye>s ( age :5 he left ,naples1 = ,p>is1 ) ! av[$ purpose ( outrivall+ ,gluck1 0 born at ,b>i1 9 ! ,neapolitan t]ritory1 9 #agbh4 ,8 fa!r 0 a musician1 & app>5tly an unsuccessful "o1 = he endeav\r$ to disgu/ 8 son ) ! art he _h himself practis$1 & absolutely =bade him to t\* any musical in/rum5t4 ,no d\bt ?is injunction ( ! fa!r produc$ j ! contr>y ( ! effect int5d$4 ,! *ild's natural incl9ation = music became ! m inv9cible ! m x 0 repress$1 & little ,nicolas contriv$1 e day1 to devote a few h\rs 9 secret to ! /udy ( ! h>psi*ord1 ! piano ( t day4 ,he knew no?+ ( music1 b guid$ by 8 own in/9ct1 le>nt some?+ ( its my/]ies simply by exp]im5t+ 7= x 0 no?+ m7 on ! in/rum5t :i* 8 fa!r _h be5 imprud5t en\gh1 z he w\ld h said himself1 to leave )9 8 rea*4 ,gradually he le>nt to play su* airs z he happ5$ to rememb]1 &1 probably )\t be+ aw>e himself ( ! process he 0 pursu+1 /udi$ ! art ( comb9+ notes 9 a mann] agreeable to ! e>2 9 o!r words1 he acquir$ "s elem5t>y notions ( h>mony4 ,& /ill 8 fa!r flatt]$ himself t little ,nicolas c>$ no?+ = music1 & t no?+ c\ld ev] make him a musician4 ,"o day1 old ,picc9ni _h occasion to visit ! ,bi%op ( ,b>i4 ,he took 8 son ) him1 b left ! little boy 9 "o room :ile he conv]s$ on private bus9ess ) ,8 ,em95ce 9 ano!r4 ,n[ x *anc$ t 9 ! room :]e ,nicolas 0 left !re 0 a magnific5t h>psi*ord1 & ! temptation 0 really too great = him4 ,h>psi*ords 7 n made m]ely to be look$ at1 he d\btless ?\ght4 ,he w5t to ! in/rum5t1 exam9$ x c>efully1 & /ruck a note4 ,! tone 0 sup]b4 ,next he v5tur$ ^u a few notes 9 succession2 &1 !n1 h[ he long$ to play an entire air6 ,!re 0 no help = x2 he mu/1 at all ev5ts1 play a few b>s ) bo? h&s4 ,! h>psi*ord at home 0 execrable1 & ?is "o 0 admirable--made by ! ,broadwood ( h>psi*ord mak]s4 ,he began1 b1 c>ri$ away by ! melody1 soon =got :]e he 01 & :at he 0 do+4 ,! ,bi%op1 & especially ,picc9ni pre1 7 ?und]/ruck4 ,!re 0 a r\ghness & pov]ty ab\t ! accompanim5t :i* %[$ t ! "y p]=m] 0 f> f hav+ complet$ 8 /udies 9 h>mony2 b1 at ! same "t1 !re 0 no mi/ak+ ! fire1 ! true emotion1 :i* *>act]is$ 8 play+4 ,! fa!r ?\ght ( go+ into a viol5t passion1 b ! ,bi%op w\ld n he> ( su* a ?+4 ,music is evid5tly ! *ild's true vocation1 said ! wor?y ecclesia/ic2 ,he mu/ be a musician1 & "o day1 p]haps1 w be a great compos]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,picc9ni ,,at ,,naples4 ,! ,bi%op n[ w\ld n let old ,picc9ni re/ until he promis$ to s5d 8 son to ! ,cons]vatory ( ,music1 direct$ by ! celebrat$ ,leo4 ,! fa!r 0 oblig$ to cons5t1 & ,nicolas 0 s5t (f to ,naples4 ,"h he 0 confid$ to ! c>e ( an inf]ior pr(essor1 :o 0 by no means aw>e ( ! *ild's precoci\s tal5t4 ,! latt] 0 soon disgu/$ ) ! r\t9e ( ! class1 & conceiv$ ! d>+ project ( compos+ a mass1 be+ at ! "t sc>cely acqua9t$ ev5 ) ! rudim5ts ( composition4 ,he 0 consci\s ( ! audacity ( ! und]tak+1 & !re=e confid$ x to no "o2 b1 someh[ or o!r1 ! news got abroad t little ,nicolas _h compos$ a gr& mass1 &1 be=e long1 ,leo himself he>d ( x4 ,!n ! great pr(essor s5t = ! little pupil1 :o arriv$ trembl+ f head to foot1 ?9k+ app>5tly t = a boy ( 8 age to compose a mass 0 a species ( crime4 ,leo 0 grave1 b n s sev]e z ! "y compos] _h expect$4 ,y h writt5 a mass8 he comm5c$4 ,excuse me1 sir1 ,i c\ld n help x2 said ! y\?ful ,picc9ni4 ,let me see x8 ,nicolas w5t to 8 room = ! score1 & br\ght x back1 toge!r ) ! or*e/ral p>ts all c>efully copi$ out4 ,aft] ca/+ a rapid glance at ! manuscript1 ,leo w5t into ! conc]t-room1 assembl$ an or*e/ra1 & di/ribut$ ! or*e/ral p>ts among ! requisite numb] ( executants4 ,little ,nicolas 0 9 a /ate ( great trepidation1 = he saw pla9ly t ! pr(essor 0 laugh+ at him4 ,x 0 impossible to run away1 or he w\ld d\btless h made 8 escape4 ,leo advanc$ t[>ds him1 h&$ him ! score1 & ) imp]turbable gravity1 reque/$ him to take 8 place at ! desk 9 front ( ! or*e/ra4 ,nicolas1 ) ! c\rage ( despair1 took up 8 position1 & gave ! signal to ! or*e/ra :i* ! m]ciless pr(essor _h plac$ "u 8 comm&4 ,aft] 8 fir/ emotion _h pass$ away1 ,nicolas cont9u$ to beat "t1 fancy+ t1 aft] all1 :at he _h compos$1 ?\gh d\btless bad1 01 p]haps1 n ridicul\s4 ,! mass 0 execut$ f beg9n+ to end4 ,z he approa*$ ! f9ale1 all ! "y musician's fe>s return$4 ,he look$ at ! pr(essor1 & saw t he did n seem to be 9 ! slighte/ degree impress$ by ! p]=mance4 ,:at did he1 :at c\ld he ?9k ( su* a production8 ,i p>don y ?is "t1 said ! t]rible mae/ro1 :5 ! la/ *ord _h be5 /ruck2 b if ev] y d su* a ?+ aga9 ,i w puni% y 9 su* a mann] t y w rememb] x z long z y live4 ,in/ead ( /udy+ ! pr9ciples ( y\r art1 y give y\rself up to all ! wildness ( y\r imag9ation1 & :5 y h tutor$ y\r ill-regulat$ ideas into some?+ l %ape1 y produce :at y call a mass1 & ?9k1 no d\bt1 t y h compos$ a ma/]piece4 ,nicolas bur/ into te>s1 & !n began to tell ,leo h[ he _h be5 annoy$ by ! dry & p$antic in/ruction ( ! sub-pr(essor4 ,leo1 :o1 ) all 8 coldness ( mann]1 _h a he>t1 clasp$ ! boy 9 8 arms1 told him n to be di%e>t5$1 b to p]sev]e1 = t he _h real tal5t2 & f9ally promis$ t f t mom5t he himself w\ld sup]9t5d 8 /udies4 ,sid5ote3 ,,picc9ni ,,& ,,durante4 ,leo di$1 & 0 succe$$ by ,durante1 :o us$ to say ( "y ,picc9ni1 ,! o!rs are my pupils1 b ?is "o is my son4 ,twelve ye>s aft] 8 entrance into ! ,cons]vatory ! mo/ promis+ ( its alumni left x & set ab\t ! composition ( an op]a4 ,z ,picc9ni 0 introduc$ by ,pr9ce ,v9timille1 ! director ( ! !atre !n 9 vogue 0 unable to refuse him a he>+2 b he repres5t$ to ,8 ,highness ! c]ta9ty ( ! "y compos]'s "w turn+ out a failure4 ,picc9ni's patron 0 n want+ 9 g5]osity4 ,h[ mu* c y lose by 8 op]a1 he said to ! manag]1 suppos+ x %\ld be a complete fiasco8 ,! manag] nam$ a sum equival5t to ?ree hundr$ & tw5ty p\nds4 ,!re is ! money1 !n1 said ! pr9ce1 h&+ him at ! same "t a purse4 ,if ! ,donne ,dispetose 7t 0 ! "n ( ,picc9ni's op]a7 %\ld prove a failure1 y may keep ! money1 o!rwise y c return x to me4 ,logrosc9o 0 ! favorite ,italian compos] ( t day1 & great 0 ! excitem5t :5 x 0 he>d t ! next new op]a to be produc$ 0 n ( 8 writ+4 ,evid5tly1 8 fri5ds _h only "o c\rse op5 to !m4 ,!y decid$ to hiss ,logrosc9o's rival4 ,b ! ,flor5t9e public _h reckon$ )\t ,picc9ni's g5ius4 ,!y c\ld n hiss a man ^: music delight$ !m1 & ,picc9ni's ,donne ,dispetose ?rew !m into ec/acies4 ,^? :o _h come to hoot rema9$ to applaud4 ,picc9ni's reputation _h comm5c$1 & x w5t on increas+ until at la/ 8 0 ! mo/ popul> "n 9 all musical ,italy4 ,five ye>s aft]w>ds1 ,picc9ni 7:o 9 ! mean:ile _h produc$ two o!r op]as7 gave 8 celebrat$ ,cec*9a1 o!rwise ,la ,buona ,figliuola1 at ,rome4 ,! success ( ?is "w1 ( :i* ! libretto is f\nd$ on ! /ory ( ,pamela1 0 almo/ unprec$5t$4 ,x 0 play$ ev]y:]e 9 ,italy1 ev5 at ! m>ionette !atres2 & /ill !re 0 n suffici5t room = ! public1 :o 7 all dy+ to see x4 ,?is little op]a fill$ e playh\se 9 ! ,italian p59sula1 & x _h tak5 ,picc9ni t5 days to write6 ,! celebrat$ ,tonelli1 :o1 be+ an ,italian1 _h naturally he>d ( its success1 happ5$ to pass ?r\gh ,rome :5 x 0 be+ play$ !re4 ,he 0 n by any means p]suad$ t ! music 0 good because ! public applaud$ x2 b aft] he>+ ! melodi\s op]a f beg9n+ to end1 he turn$ to 8 fri5ds & said1 9 a tone ( s9c]e conviction1 ,?is ,picc9ni is a true inv5tor6 ,( c\rse ! ,cec*9a 0 he>d ( 9 ,france4 ,inde$1 x 0 ! great reputation a*iev$ by t op]a :i* fir/ r5d]$ ! ,p>isians anxi\s to he> ,picc9ni1 & :i* inspir$ ,madame ,du ,b>ry ) ! hope t 9 ! ,neapolitan compos] %e might f9d a successful rival to ! great ,g]man musician patronis$ by ,m>ie ,anto9ette4 ,sid5ote3 ,,gluck ,,& ,,picc9ni4 ,picc9ni1 aft] accept+ ! invitation to dispute ! prize ( popul>ity 9 ,p>is ) ,gluck1 resolv$ to comm5ce a new op]a =?)1 & _h no soon] rea*$ ! ,fr5* capital ?an he ask$ "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ au?ors ( ! day to furni% him ) a libretto4 ,m>montel1 to :om ! reque/ 0 made1 gave him 8 ,rol&1 :i* 0 ! ,rol& ( ,qu9ault cut d[n f five acts to ?ree4 ,un=tunately1 ,picc9ni did n und]/& a ^w ( ,fr5*4 ,m>montel 0 !re=e oblig$ to write b5ea? ea* ,fr5* ^w its ,italian equival5t1 :i* caus$ x to be said t he 0 n only ,picc9ni's poet1 b also 8 diction>y4 ,gluck 0 9 ,g]many :5 ,picc9ni arriv$1 & on he>+ ( ! manuvres ( ,madame du ,b>ry & ! ,m>quis ,c>accioli to supplant him 9 ! fav\r ( ! ,p>isian public1 he fell into a viol5t passion1 & wrote a furi\s lett] on ! subject1 :i* 0 made public4 ,above all1 he 0 enrag$ at ! ,academy hav+ accept$ f 8 adv]s>y an op]a on ! subject ( ,rol&1 = he _h agre$ to compose an ,orl&o = !m himself4 ,d y "k t ! ,*evali] is com+ back to u ) an ,armida & an ,orl&o 9 8 portfolio8 said ! ,abb ,arnaud1 "o ( ,gluck's mo/ f]v5t admir]s4 ,b ,picc9ni is also at "w at an ,orl&o8 repli$ "o ( ! ,picc9ni/s4 ,s mu* ! bett]1 return$ ! ,abb1 = !n we %all h an ,orl&o & also an ,orl&9o4 ,m>montel he>d ( ?is mot1 :i* caus$ him to address "s unpleasant obs]vations to ! ,abb ! fir/ "t he met him 9 society4 ,b ! ,abb 0 n to be sil5c$4 ,"o night1 :5 ,gluck's ,alce/e 0 be+ play$1 he happ5$ to occupy ! next seat to ,m>montel4 ,alce/e play$ by ,mademoiselle ,lesueur1 has1 at ! end ( ! second act1 to exclaim-- ,il me d*ire le cur4 ,ah1 ,mademoiselle1 said ! ,academician q al\d1 v\s me d*irez les oreilles4 ,:at a =tunate ?+ = y1 ,sir1 said ! ,abb1 if y c\ld get new ones4 ,( c\rse ! two armies _h _! g5]als4 ,among ^? ( ! ,picc9ni/s 7 "s ( ! greate/ lit]>y m5 ( ! day--,m>montel1 ,la ,h>pe1 ,d',alemb]t1 c4 ,! only writ]s on ,gluck's side 7 ,su>d1 & ! ,abb ,arnaud1 = ,r\sseau1 mu* z he admir$ ,gluck1 _c be reckon$ among 8 p>tisans4 ,su>d1 :o wrote "u a pseudonym1 g5]ally contriv$ to raise ! laugh aga9/ 8 adv]s>ies4 ,! ,abb ,arnaud1 z we h se51 us$ to def5d 8 compos] 9 society1 & con/itut$ himself 8 *ampion :]ev] !re appe>$ to be ! lea/ necessity1 or ev5 opportunity1 ( do+ s4 ,volumes ^u volumes 7 writt5 on ea* side2 b ( c\rse no "o 0 conv]t$4 ,! ,glucki/s p]si/$ 9 say+ t ,picc9ni w\ld nev] be able to compose any?+ bett] ?an conc]t music4 ,! ,picc9ni/s1 on ! o!r h&1 d5i$ t ,gluck _h ! gift ( melody1 ?\gh !y readily admitt$ t he _h ?is advantage ov] 8 adv]s>y--he made a great deal m noise4 ,sid5ote3 ,,gluck ,,& ,,picc9ni4 ,9 ! mean:ile ! rehe>sals ( ,picc9ni's ,orl&o1 or ,orl&9o1 z ! ,abb ,arnaud call$ x1 7 n go+ on fav\rably4 ,! or*e/ra1 :i* _h be5 subdu$ by ! en]getic ,gluck1 rebell$ aga9/ ,picc9ni1 :o 0 q 9 despair at ! va/ inf]iority ( ! ,fr5* to ! ,italian musicians4 ,ev]y?+ goes wrong1 he said to ,m>montel2 !re is no?+ to be done ) !m4 ,m>montel 0 !n oblig$ to int]f]e himself4 ,pr(it+ by ,picc9ni's =be>ance1 directors1 s+]s1 & musicians 7 9 ! habit ( treat+ him ) ! coole/ indiff]5ce4 ,once1 :5 ,m>montel w5t to rehe>sal1 he f\nd t none ( ! pr9cipal s+]s 7 pres5t1 & t ! op]a 0 to be rehe>s$ ) d\bles4 ,! au?or ( ! libretto 0 furi\s1 & said he w\ld nev] suff] ! "w ( ! greate/ musician 9 ,italy to be left to ! execution ( d\bles4 ,^u ?is1 ,mademoiselle ,b\rgeois _h ! audacity to tell ! ,academician t1 aft] all1 he 0 b ! d\ble ( ,qu9ault1 ^: ,rol& 7z we h se57 he _h abridg$4 ,"o ( ! *orus s+]s1 too1 expla9$1 t = 8 "p he 0 n d\ble at all1 & t x 0 a =tunate ?+ = ,m4 ,m>montel's %\ld]s t su* 0 ! case4 ,at la/1 :5 all seem$ ready1 & ! day _h be5 fix$ = ! fir/ repres5tation1 up came ,ve/ris1 ! god ( danc+1 ) a reque/ = "s ballet music4 ,x 0 = ! ?9 b fasc9at+ ,madele9e ,guim>d1 :o 0 n 9 ! habit ( be+ refus$4 ,picc9ni1 )\t delay1 set ab\t ! music ( h] pas1 & produc$ a gavot1 :i* 0 consid]$ "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ ?+s 9 ! ,op]a4 ,:5 ,picc9ni />t$ = ! !atre1 ! night ( ! fir/ repres5tation1 he took leave ( 8 family z if he _h be5 go+ to execution4 ,8 wife & son wept abundantly1 & all 8 fri5ds 7 9 a /ate ( despair4 ,come1 my *ildr51 said ,picc9ni1 at la/2 ?is is unreasonable4 ,rememb] t we are n among savages4 ,we are liv+ ) ! polite/ & k9de/ nation 9 ,europe4 ,if !y d n l me z a musician1 !y w1 at all ev5ts1 respect me z a man & a /rang]4 ,picc9ni's success 0 complete4 ,x 0 impossible = ! ,glucki/s to d5y x4 ,accord+ly !y said t !y _h nev] disput$ ,picc9ni's grace1 nor 8 gift ( melody1 ?\gh 8 tal5t 0 spoil$ by a c]ta9 s(tness & effem9acy1 :i* 0 obs]vable 9 all 8 productions4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 :om ,madame du ,b>ry & h] clique _h look$ ^u z ! natural enemy ( ,picc9ni1 because %e 0 ! av[$ patroness ( ,gluck1 a/oni%$ bo? ! cabals by s5d+ = ! ,italian compos] & appo9t+ him h] s++-ma/]4 ,?is 01 d\btless1 a great hon\r = ,picc9ni1 ?\gh a v unpr(itable "o2 = he 0 n only n paid = 8 lessons1 b incurr$ consid]able exp5se 9 go+ to & f ! palace1 to say no?+ ( ! co/ly b9d+ ( ! op]as & o!r music1 :i* he pres5t$ to ! royal circle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,picc9ni',s ,,success4 ,beaum>*ais _h f\nd precisely ! same disadvantages atta*+ to ! po/ ( ,c\rt music-ma/]1 :51 9 8 y\?1 he gave lessons to ! daught]s ( ,l\is ,,xv4 ,:5 ,b]ton assum$ ! managem5t ( ! ,op]a1 he det]m9$ to make ! rival ma/]s fri5ds1 & invit$ !m to a magnific5t supp]1 :]e !y 7 plac$ side by side4 ,gluck drank l a man & a ,g]man1 & be=e ! supp] 0 f9i%$1 0 on ?or\ghly confid5tial t]ms ) 8 neighb\r4 ,! ,fr5* are v good p1 said he to ,picc9ni1 b !y make me laugh4 ,!y want u to write songs = !m1 & !y c't s+4 ,! reconciliation appe>$ to be q s9c]e2 b ! fact 01 ! qu>rel 0 n betwe5 two m51 b betwe5 two p>ties4 ,:5 ! direction ( ! ,op]a pass$ f ! h&s ( ,b]ton into ^? ( ,devismes1 a project ( ! latt]1 = mak+ ,picc9ni & ,gluck compose an op]a1 at ! same "t1 on ! same subject1 br\ght _! respective admir]s once m into op5 collision4 ,"h1 said ,devismes to ,picc9ni1 is a libretto on ! /ory ( ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris4 ,m4 ,gluck w treat ! same subject2 & ! ,fr5* public w !n1 = ! fir/ "t1 h ! pleasure ( he>+ two op]as f\nd$ ^u ! same incid5ts1 & introduc+ ! same *>act]s1 b compos$ by two ma/]s ( entirely diff]5t s*ools4 ,b1 object$ ,picc9ni1 if ,gluck's op]a is play$ fir/1 ! public w ?9k s mu* ( x t !y w n li/5 to m9e4 ,to avoid t inconv5i5ce1 repli$ ! director1 we w play y\rs fir/4 ,b ,gluck w n p]mit x4 ,i give y my ^w ( hon\r1 said ,devismes1 t y\r op]a %all be put into rehe>sal & br\ght out z soon z x is f9i%$1 & be=e ,gluck's4 ,picc9ni w5t home1 & at once set to "w4 ,he _h j f9i%$ 8 two fir/ acts :5 he he>d t ,gluck _h come back f ,g]many ) 8 ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris complet$4 ,h[ev]1 he _h receiv$ ! director's promise t 8 ,iphig5ia %\ld be produc$ fir/1 &1 rely+ ^u ,devismes's ^w ( hon\r1 ,picc9ni m]ely resolv$ to f9i% 8 op]a z quickly z possible1 s t ! managem5t might n be inconv5i5c$ by hav+ to wait = x1 n[ t ,gluck's "w1 :i* 0 to come second1 0 ready = production4 ,picc9ni _h n q complet$ 8 ,iphig5ia1 :51 to 8 horror1 he he>d t ,gluck's 0 already 9 rehe>sal6 ,he ru%$ to ,devismes1 rem9d$ him ( 8 promise1 reproa*$ him ) want ( fai?1 b all to no purpose4 ,! director ( ! ,op]a decl>$ t he _h receiv$ a comm& to produce ,gluck's "w imm$iately1 & t he _h no?+ to d b to obey4 ,he 0 v sorry1 0 9 despair1 c42 b x 0 absolutely necess>y to play ,m4 ,gluck's op]a fir/4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,two ,,iphig5ias4 ,picc9ni felt t he 0 lo/4 ,he w5t to 8 fri5ds1 & told !m ! :ole affair4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 said ,gu+u5e1 ! writ]1 let me look at ! poem8 ,! poem 0 n m]ely bad1 x 0 ridicul\s4 ,! manag] _h tak5 advantage ( ,picc9ni's ignorance ( ! ,fr5* language to impose ^u him a libretto full ( absurdities & common-places1 su* z no s5sible s*oolboy w\ld h put 8 "n to4 ,gu+u5e1 at ,picc9ni's reque/1 re-wrote ! :ole piece--greatly1 ( c\rse1 to ! annoyance ( ! orig9al au?or4 ,9 ! mean:ile ! rehe>sals ( ,gluck's ,iphig5ia 7 cont9u$4 ,at ! fir/ ( ^!1 9 ! sc5e :]e ,ore/es1 left alone 9 prison1 ?r[s himself on a b5* say+ ,le calme r5tre dans mon cur1 ! or*e/ra hesitat$ z if /ruck by ! app>5t contradiction 9 ! accompanim5t1 :i* is /ill ( an agitat$ "*1 ?\gh ,ore/es has decl>$ t 8 he>t is calm4 ,g on6 exclaim$ ,gluck2 he lies6 ,he has kill$ 8 "m6 ,! musicians ( ! ,acadmie _h a "r1 s _m at a "t1 to f9d sub/itutes to take _! places at rehe>sals4 ,n "o pr(it$ by ?is p]mission :ile ,iphig5ia 0 be+ br\ght out4 ,! ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris is kn[n to be ,gluck's ma/]piece1 & x is by t wond]ful "w & by ,orpheus t mo/ p]sons judge ( 8 tal5t 9 ! pres5t day4 ,comp>$ ) ! ,g]man's pr(\nd1 s]i\s1 & admirably dramatic production1 ,picc9ni's ,iphig5ia /ood b little *ance4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x 0 inf]ior to x2 9 ! second1 ! public 7 s delight$ ) ,gluck's op]a t !y 7 n dispos$ to give ev5 a fair trial to ano!r writt5 on ! same subject4 ,h[ev]1 ,picc9ni's "w 0 produc$1 & 0 li/5$ to ) att5tion4 ,an air1 sung by ,pylades to ,ore/es1 0 especially admir$1 b on ! :ole ! public seem$ to be res]v+ _! judgm5t until ! second repres5tation4 ,! next ev5+ came2 b :5 ! curta9 drew up1 ,picc9ni discov]$1 to 8 great al>m1 t some?+ _h happ5$ to ,mademoiselle ,lagu]re1 :o 0 entru/$ ) ! pr9cipal "p4 ,iphig5ia 0 unable to /& upright4 ,%e roll$ fir/ to "o side1 !n to ! o!r2 hesitat$1 /amm]$1 repeat$ ! words1 made eyes at ! pit2 9 %ort1 ,mdlle4 ,lagu]re 0 intoxicat$6 ,?is is n ',iphig5ia 9 ,tauris1' said ,sophie ,arn\ld2 ?is is ',iphig5ia 9 ,*ampagne4' ,t night1 ! faceti\s h]o9e 0 s5t1 by ord] ( ! k+1 to sleep at ,=-l',evque1 :]e %e 0 deta9$ two days4 ,a little imprisonm5t appe>s to h done h] good4 ,! ev5+ ( h] re-appe>ance1 ,mademoiselle ,lagu]re1 ) consid]able tact1 appli$ a c\plet expressive ( remorse to h] own peculi> situation1 &1 moreov]1 sang div9ely4 ,sid5ote3 ,,iphig5ia ,,9 ,,*ampagne4 ,:ile ! ,gluck & ,picc9ni disputes 7 at _! height1 a /ory is told ( "o amateur1 d\btless n )\t sympa?iz]s1 :o retir$ 9 disgu/ to ! c\ntry & sang ! praises ( ! birds & _! gratuit\s p]=mances 9 a poem1 :i* end$ z foll[s3-- ,l n'e/ po9t d'art1 d'ennui sci5tifique2 ,picc9ni1 ,gluck n'ont po9t n les airs2 ,nature seule en dicta la musique1 ,et ,m>montel n'en a pas fait les v]s4 ,! conte/ betwe5 ,gluck & ,picc9ni 7or r betwe5 ! ,glucki/s & ,picc9ni/s7 0 br\ght to an end by ! dea? ( ! =m]4 ,an attempt 0 aft]w>ds made to set up ,sac*9i aga9/ ,picc9ni2 b ,sac*9i be+1 z reg>ds ! practice ( 8 art1 z mu* a ,picc9ni/ z a ,glucki/1 ?is manuvre c\ld n be expect$ to h mu* success4 ,! ,fr5* revolution ru9$ ,picc9ni1 :o !reupon retir$ to ,italy4 ,sev5 ye>s aft]w>ds he return$ to ,france1 &1 hav+ occasion to pres5t a petition to ,napoleon1 0 graci\sly receiv$ by ! ,fir/ ,consul 9 ! ,palace ( ! ,luxemb\rg4 ,sit d[n1 said ,napoleon to ,picc9ni1 :o 0 /&+2 a man ( y\r m]it /&s 9 no "o's pres5ce4 ,picc9ni n[ retir$ to ,passy2 b he 0 an old man1 8 heal? _h =sak5 him1 &1 9 a few mon?s1 he di$1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! cemet]y ( ! suburb :i* he _h *os5 = 8 retreat4 ,9 ! pres5t day1 ,gluck appe>s to h vanqui%$ ,picc9ni1 because1 at long int]vals1 "o ( ,gluck's gr&ly con/ruct$ op]as is p]=m$1 :]eas ! music ( 8 =m] rival is nev] he>d at all4 ,b ?is1 by no means1 proves t ,picc9ni's melodies 7 n *>m+1 & t ! connoisseurs ( ! eighte5? c5tury 7 n "r 9 applaud+ !m4 ,! works t endure are n ^? :i* conta9 ! greate/ numb] ( beauties1 b ^? ( :i* ! =m is mo/ p]fect4 ,gluck 0 a compos] ( l>g] conceptions1 & ( m p[]ful g5ius ?an 8 ,italian rival2 & x may be said t he built up monum5ts ( /one :ile ,picc9ni 0 lay+ out p>t]res ( fl[]s4 ,b if ! fl[]s 7 beautiful :ile !y la/$1 :at does x matt] to ! eighte5? c5tury t !y are dead n[1 :5 ev5 ! m>ble temples ( ,gluck are antiquat$ & moss-gr[n8 ,i _c take leave ( ! ,gluck & ,picc9ni p]iod )\t say+ a few words ab\t its pr9cipal danc]s1 =emo/ among :om /ood ,madele9e ,guim>d1 ! ?91 ! fasc9at+1 ! ev] "y1 & ! two ,ve/rises--,gaetan1 ! ,julius ( t ,cs>-l family1 & ,augu/e its ,augu/us4 ,"o ev5+ :5 ,madele9e ,guim>d 0 danc+ 9 ,les ftes de l'hym5 et de l'am\r1 a v heavy cl\d fell f ! !atrical heav5s ^u "o ( h] beautiful arms1 & broke x4 ,a mass 0 said = ,mademoiselle ,guim>d's brok5 arm 9 ! *ur* ( ,notre ,dame4#eb ,sid5ote3 ,,madele9e ,,guim>d4 ,h\don1 ! sculptor1 m\ld$ ,mademoiselle ,guim>d's foot4 ,fragon>d1 ! pa9t]1 decorat$ ,mademoiselle ,guim>d's magnific5t1 luxuri\sly-furni%$ hotel4 ,9 8 mural pictures he made a po9t ( introduc+ ! face & figure ( ! div9ity ( ! place1 until at la/ he fell 9 love ) 8 model1 &1 presum+ s f> z to %[ signs ( jeal\sy1 0 replac$ by ,david--yes ,l\is ,david1 ! fi]ce & virtu\s republican6 ,david1 ! great pa9t] ( ! republic & ( ! empire 01 ( c\rse1 at ?is "t1 b a v "y man4 ,he 01 9 fact1 only a /ud5t1 & ,madele9e ,guim>d1 f9d+ t ! decoration ( h] ,temple ( ,t]psi*ore 7z ! danseuse's arti/ic & voluptu\s palace 0 call$7 did n q satisfy 8 aspirations1 gave him ! /ip5d he 0 to h receiv$ = cov]+ h] walls ) fanta/ic designs1 to cont9ue 8 /udies 9 ! classical /yle accord+ to 8 own ideas4 ,?is 0 *>ity ( a really ?\ghtful & delicate k9d4 ,z an in/ance ( simple b\ntiful g5]osity & k9dhe>t$ness1 ,i may m5tion ,madele9e ,guim>d's conduct dur+ ! sev]e w9t] ( #agfh1 :5 %e h]self visit$ all ! poor 9 h] neighb\rhood1 & gave to ea* de/itute family en\gh to live on = a ye>4 ,m>montel1 deeply affect$ by ?is b5efic5ce1 address$ ! celebrat$ epi/le to h] beg9n+-- ,e/ il bi5 vrai1 jeune et belle damne1 c4 ,n yet ,magdal5 rep5tant1 b already ,magdal5 *>itable1 exclaim$ a prea*] 9 allusion to ,madele9e ,guim>d's good action1 7:i* soon became kn[n all ov] ,p>is1 ?\gh ! danc] h]self _h n said a ^w ab\t x72 & he add$1 ! h& :i* kn[s s well h[ to give alms w n be reject$ by ,/4 ,pet] :5 x knocks at ! gate ( ,p>adise4 ,madele9e ,guim>d1 ) all h] p[]s ( fasc9ation1 0 n beautiful nor ev5 pretty1 & %e 0 notori\sly ?94 ,byron us$ to say ( ?9 wom51 t if !y 7 old1 !y rem9d$ him ( spid]s1 if "y & pretty1 ( dri$ butt]flies4 ,madele9e ,guim>d's !atrical fri5ds1 ( c\rse1 comp>$ h] to a spid]4 ,beh9d ! sc5es %e 0 kn[n z ,l'araigne4 ,ano!r ( h] names 0 ,la squelette des grces4 ,sophie ,arn\ld1 x w be rememb]$1 call$ h] a little silk-worm1 = ! sake ( ! joke ab\t la feuille1 & once1 :5 %e 0 danc+ betwe5 two male danc]s 9 a pas de trois repres5t+ two satyrs fight+ = a nymph1 an uncivil spectator said ( ! exhibition t x 0 l two dogs fight+ = a bone4 ,sid5ote3 ,,madel9e ,,guim>d4 ,madele9e ,guim>d is said to h pres]v$ h] y\? & beauty 9 a m>vell\s mann]1 besides :i*1 %e _h su* a p]fect acqua9tance ) all ! my/]ies ( ! toilet1 t by ! arts ( dress & adornm5t alone1 %e c\ld h made h]self look "y :5 %e 0 already beg9n+ to gr[ old4 ,m>ie-,anto9ette us$ to consult h] ab\t h] co/ume & ! arrangem5t ( h] hair1 & once :51 = insubord9ation at ! !atre1 %e _h be5 ord]$ to ,=-l',evque1 ! danseuse is report$ to h said to h] maid1 nev] m9d1 ,go?on1 ,i h writt5 to ! ,que5 to tell h] t ,i h discov]$ a /yle ( coiffure2 we %all be free be=e ! ev5+4 ,i h n space to describe ,mademoiselle ,guim>d's private !atre1#ec nor to speak ( h] liaison ) ! ,pr9ce de ,s\bise1 nor ( h] elopem5t ) a ,g]man pr9ce1 :om ! ,pr9ce de ,s\bise pursu$1 w\nd+ him & kill+ ?ree ( 8 s]vants1 nor ( h] ultimate m>riage ) a humble pr(essor ( graces at ! ,cons]vatory ( ,p>is4 ,i mu/ m5tion1 h[ev]1 t 9 h] decad5ce ,madele9e ,guim>d visit$ ,london 7a doz5 ,pr9ces de ,s\bise w\ld h foll[$ h] ) drawn swords if %e _h attempt$ to leave ,p>is dur+ h] prime72 & t ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 ! au?or ( ! int]e/+ ,musical ,rem9isc5ces1 saw h] dance at ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 ! ye> #aghi4 ,?is 0 ! ye> ( ! tak+ ( ! ,ba/ille1 :5 a ,p>isian arti/ might well h be5 glad to make a little t\r abroad4 ,! danc]s :o _h appe>$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! season _h be5 insuff]ably bad1 & ! manag] 0 at la/ compell$ to s5d to ,p>is = m & bett] p]=m]s4 ,among/ !m1 says ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 came ! fam\s ,mademoiselle ,guim>d1 !n ne> sixty ye>s old1 b /ill full ( grace & g5tility1 & %e _h nev] possess$ m4 ,madele9e ,guim>d _h ceas$ to be ! rage 9 ,p>is = ne>ly t5 ye>s1 7,v]s #aghj1 says ,m4 ,a4 ,h\ssaye1 9 8 ,gal]ie du ,dix-huitime ,sicle1 elle tomba peu peu dans l'oubli71 b %e 0 n sixty or ev5 fifty ye>s ( age :5 %e came to ,london4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 an excell5t au?ority 9 su* matt]s1 tells u 9 8 ,hi/oire de l',acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 t %e 0 born 9 #agdc4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,ve/ris ,,family4 ,by way ( contra/ to ,madele9e ,guim>d1 ,i may call att5tion to ,mademoiselle ,?odore1 a "y1 pretty & accompli%$ danseuse1 :o hesitat$ be=e %e embrac$ a !atrical c>e]1 & actually consult$ ,jean ,jacques ,r\sseau on ! subject2 :o rema9$ virtu\s ev5 on ! bo>ds ( ! ,acadmie ,royale2 & :o m>ri$ ,daub]val1 ! celebrat$ danc]1 z any respectable b\rgeoise 7if ,daub]val _h n be5 a danc]7 might h done4 ,p]haps "s aspir+ b timid & scrupul\s ,mademoiselle ,?odore ( ! pres5t day w\ld l to "k :at ,r\sseau ?\ght ab\t ! p]ils ( ! /age8 ,he repli$ to ! lett] ( ! danseuse t he c\ld give h] no advice z to h] conduct if %e det]m9$ to jo9 ! ,op]a2 t 9 8 own quiet pa? he f\nd x difficult to lead a pure irreproa*able life3 h[ !n c\ld he guide h] 9 "o :i* 0 surr\nd$ ) dang]s & temptations8 ,ve/ris1 ,i mean ,ve/ris ! ,fir/1 ! f\nd] ( ! family1 0 z celebrat$ z ,mademoiselle ,guim>d = 8 y\?fulness 9 old age4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 ! hi/orian ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 saw him fifty-two ye>s aft] 8 db at ! ,acadmie1 :i* took place 9 #agdh1 & decl>es t he danc$ ) z mu* success z ev]1 go+ ?r\gh ! /eps ( ! m9uet avec autant de grce que de noblesse4 ,gaetan left ! /age soon aft] ! triumphant success ( 8 son ,augu/e1 b re-appe>$ & took "p 9 c]ta9 special p]=mances 9 #agie1 #agii & #ahjj4 ,on ! occasion ( ! "y ,ve/ris's db1 8 fa!r1 9 c\rt dress1 sword at side1 & hat 9 h&1 appe>$ ) him on ! /age4 ,aft] a %ort b dignifi$ address to ! public on ! importance ( ! art he pr(ess$1 & ! hopes he _h =m$ ( ! inh]itor ( 8 "n1 he turn$ to ,augu/e & said1 ,n[1 my son1 exhibit y\r tal5t to ! public6 ,y\r fa!r is look+ at y6 ,! ,ve/ris family1 :i* 0 v num]\s1 & v unit$1 always w5t 9 a body to ! op]a :5 ,augu/e danc$1 & at o!r times made a po9t ( /opp+ away4 ,augu/e is a bett] danc] ?an ,i am1 ! old ,ve/ris w\ld say2 he _h ,gaetan ,ve/ris = 8 fa!r1 an advantage :i* nature refus$ me4 ,if1 said ,gaetan1 on ano!r occasion1 le dieu de la danse 7a title :i* he _h himself giv5 him7 t\*es ! gr\nd f "t to "t1 he does s 9 ord] n to humiliate 8 comrades4 ,?is notion appe>s to h inspir$ ,moore ) ! l9es he address$ 9 ,london to a celebrat$ danc]4 ---- ,y'd swe> ,:5 h] delicate feet 9 ! dance tw9kle r\nd1 ,t h] /eps are ( light1 t h] home is ! air1 ,& %e only p> complaisance t\*es ! gr\nd4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,ve/ris ,,family4 ,! ,ve/rises 7^: real "n 0 ,ve/ri7 came f ,flor5ce4 ,gaetan1 kn[n z le beau ,ve/ris1 _h ?ree bro!rs1 all danc]s1 & ?is illu/ri\s family has _h repres5tatives = upw>ds ( a c5tury 9 ! be/ !atres ( ,italy1 ,france & ,engl&4 ,! la/ celebrat$ danc] ( ! "n :o appe>$ 9 ,engl&1 0 ,*>les ,ve/ris1 ^: wife 0 ! si/] ( ,ronzi di ,begnis4 ,*>les ,ve/ris 0 ,augu/e's nephew4 ,8 fa!r1 ,augu/e's bro!r1 0 ,/efano ,ve/ris1 a /age poet ( no ability1 & ,mr4 ,eb]s1 9 8 ,sev5 ,ye>s ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1#ed tells u 7giv+ u !re9 ano!r pro( ( ! excell5t esprit de famille :i* always animat$ ! ,ve/rises7 t :5 ,*>les ,ve/ris & 8 wife ent]$ into _! annual engagem5t1 ! poet 0 inv>iably includ$ 9 ! agreem5t1 at a rate ( remun]ation = 8 s]vices to :i* 8 consangu9ity to ^? p]=m]s 0 8 *ief title4 ,we c =m "s notion ( ,augu/e ,ve/ris's /yle f t ( ,p]rot 7n[ ballet-ma/] at ! ,/4 ,pet]sburgh ,op]a71 :o 0 8 fav\rite pupil1 & :o is c]ta9ly by f> ! mo/ graceful & expressive danc] t ! op]a go]s ( ! pres5t day h se54 ,,end ,,( ,,vol4 ,i4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,op]a1 f its ,orig9 9 ,italy to ! pres5t ,"t4 ,,) ,,anecdotes ,,( ,,! ,,mo/ ,,celebrat$ ,,compos]s ,,& ,,vocali/s ,,( ,,europe4 ,,by ,,su!rl& ,,edw>ds1 ,,au?or ,,( ,,russians ,,at ,,home1 ,,etc4 ,,quis ,,tam ,,dulcis ,,sonus ,,qui ,,meas ,,complet ,,aures8 ,,:at ,,is ,,all ,,?is ,,noise ,,ab\t8 ,,vol ,,ii4 ,,london3 ,,wm4 ,h4 ,,all5 ,,co41 #ac1 ,,wat]loo ,,place4 #ahfb4 7,! "r ( translation & reproduction is res]v$47 ,,london3 ,,lewis ,,& ,,son1 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,swan ,,build+s1 7#di7 ,,moorgate ,,/reet4 ,,cont5ts ,,volume ,,ii4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,page ,! ,op]a 9 ,engl& at ! end ( ! ,eighte5? & beg9n+ ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury #a ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,op]a 9 ,france aft] ! dep>ture ( ,gluck #cd ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,! ,fr5* ,op]a be=e & aft] ! ,revolution #df ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,op]a 9 ,italy1 ,g]many & ,russia1 dur+ & 9 connection ) ! ,republican & ,napoleonic ,w>s4--,paisiello1 ,pa]1 ,cim>osa1 ,moz>t4--,! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o4--,don ,giovanni #hf ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,mann]s & ,cu/oms at ! ,london ,op]a half a c5tury s9ce #aba ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,ross9i & 8 ,p]iod #adj ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,op]a 9 ,france "u ! ,consulate1 ,empire & ,re/oration #agh ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,donizetti & ,bell9i #bbf ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,ross9i--,spohr--,bee?ov5--,web] & ,h(fmann #bhb ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,op]a4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,! ,,op]a ,,9 ,,engl& ,,at ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,& ,,beg9n+ ,,( ,,! ,,n9ete5? ,,c5tury4 ,hi!rto ,i h be5 oblig$ to trace ! orig9 & progress ( ! ,op]a 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,europe4 ,at pres5t !re is "o ,op]a = all ! _w1 t is to say1 ! same op]atic works are p]=m$ e :]e1 if n1 ,de ,p>is ,pk91 de ,japon jusqu' ,rome1 at lea/1 9 a great _m o!r equally di/ant cities1 & :i* ,boileau nev] he>d (2 z1 = in/ance1 f ,/4 ,pet]sburgh to ,philadelphia1 & f ,new ,orleans to ,melb\rne4 ,b = ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 & ! ,napoleonic w>s1 ! univ]sality ( ,op]a w\ld h be5 atta9$ long s9ce4 ,! directors ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 aft] produc+ ! works ( ,gluck & ,picc9ni1 f\nd x impossible1 z we %all see 9 ! next *apt]1 to attract ! public by means ( ! anci5t rp]toire1 & 7 oblig$ to call 9 ! mod]n ,italian compos]s to _! aid4 ,an ,italian troop 0 engag$ to p]=m at ! ,acadmie ,royale1 alt]nately ) ! ,fr5* company1 & ! be/ op]a buffas ( ,picc9ni1 ,traetta1 ,paisiello1 & ,anfossi 7 repres5t$1 fir/ 9 ,italian1 & aft]w>ds 9 ,fr5*4 ,sac*9i & ,sali]i 7 engag$ to compose op]as on ,fr5* texts specially = ! ,acadmie4 ,9 #aghg1 ,sali]i's ,t>>e 7libretto by ,beaum>*ais71#ee 0 br\ght out ) imm5se success2 ! same ye>1 ! same !atre saw ! production ( ,paisiello's ,il re ,teodoro1 translat$ into ,fr5*2 &1 also ! same ye>1 ,paisiello's ,m>*ese di ,tulipano 0 play$ at ,v]sailles1 by a deta*m5t f ! ,italian company engag$ at our own ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,at ,,v]sailles4 ,?is is said to h be5 ! fir/ in/ance ( an ,italian troop p]=m+ alt]nately 9 ,london & 9 ,p>is4 ,a proposition _h be5 made "u ! ,reg5cy ( ,philip ( ,orleans1 = ! engagem5t ( ,h&el's celebrat$ company2#ef b1 al?\gh ! agreem5t 0 drawn up & sign$1 f v>i\s causes1 & pr9cipally ?r\gh ! jeal\sy ( ! ,academicians1 x 0 nev] c>ri$ out4 ,! ,london-,italian company ( #aghg p]=m$ at ,v]sailles1 be=e ! ,c\rt & a l>ge numb] ( ari/ocratic subscrib]s1 _m ( :om _h be5 solicit$ to support ! ent]prise by ! que5 h]self4 ,/orace1 ! prima donna assoluta ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 w\ld n accompany ! o!r s+]s to ,p>is4 ,madame ,b59i1 h[ev]1 ! altra prima donna w5t1 & delight$ ! ,fr5* amateurs4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 9 8 int]e/+ volume ( ,musical ,rem9isc5ces1 tells u t %e _h a voice ( exquisite sweetness1 & a f9i%$ ta/e & neatness 9 h] mann] ( s++2 b t %e _h s little p[]1 t %e c\ld n be he>d to advantage 9 s l>ge a !atre3 h] p]=mance 9 a small "o 0 p]fect4 ,among ! o!r vocali/s :o made ! j\rney f ,london to ,p>is1 7 ,m5gozzi ! t5or1 :o 0 ,madame ,b59i's husb&1 & ,morelli ! bass4 ,! latt] _h a voice ( great p[]1 & good quality1 & he 0 a v good actor4 ,hav+ be5 runn+ footman to ,"l ,c[p] at ,flor5ce1 cont9ues ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 he c\ld n be a great musician4 ,b59i1 ,m5gozzi1 & ,morelli1 aga9 visit$ ,p>is 9 #aghh1 b did n make _! appe>ance !re 9 #aghi1 ! ye> ( ! tak+ ( ! ,ba/ille4 ,! rp]toire ( ^! s+]s includ$ op]as by ,paisiello1 ,cim>osa1 ,s>ti1 & ,anfossi1 & !y 7 p>ticul>ly successful 9 ,paisiello's ,gli ,s*iavi p] ,amore4 ,:5 ?is op]a 0 produc$ 9 ,london 9 #aghg 7) ,/orace1 n ,b59i1 9 ! pr9cipal female "p71 x 0 s mu* admir$ t x ran to ! end ( ! season )\t any *ange4 ,ano!r ,italian company gave sev]al s]ies ( p]=mances 9 ,p>is betwe5 #aghi & #agib1 & !n = n9e ye>s ,france 0 )\t any ,italian ,op]a at all4 ,/orace 0 by bir? & p>5tage1 on h] "m's side1 ,engli%2 b %e w5t e>ly to ,italy1 &1 says ! au?or f :om ,i h j quot$1 0 nev] he>d 9 ?is c\ntry till h] reputation z ! fir/ buffa ( h] "t 0 fully e/abli%$4 ,h] husb& 0 ,fi%]1 a viol9i/ 7^: portrait has be5 pa9t$ by ,reynolds72 b %e nev] bore 8 "n1 & ! m>riage 0 rapidly foll[$ by a sep>ation4 ,mrs4 ,/orace settl$ entirely 9 ,engl&1 & aft] quitt+ ! ,k+'s ,!atre accept$ an engagem5t at ,drury ,lane4 ,"h ,engli% ,op]a 0 rais$ to a pit* ( excell5ce previ\sly unkn[n1 ?anks to h] s++1 toge!r ) t ( ,mrs4 ,cr\*1 ,mrs4 ,bl&1 ,kelly1 & ,banni/]4 ,! musical director 0 ,mrs4 ,/orace's bro!r1 ,/eph5 ,/orace1 ! arrang] ( ! pa/iccios entitl$ ! ,haunt$ ,t[]1 & ! ,siege ( ,belgrade4 ,sid5ote3 ,,madame ,,m>a4 ,madame ,m>a made h] fir/ appe>ance at ! ,k+'s ,!atre ! ye> be=e ,/orace's db4 ,%e _h previ\sly sung 9 ,london at ! ,pan!on ,conc]ts1 & at ! second ,h&el ,fe/ival 7#aghe71 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,i h already spok5 ( ?is vocali/'s p]=mances & adv5tures at ! c\rt ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great1 at ,vi5na1 & at ,p>is1 :]e h] wor%ipp]s at ! ,conc]ts ,spirituels =m$ !mselves into ! sect ( ,m>ati/es1 z oppos$ to t ( ! ,todi/es1 or believ]s 9 ,madame ,todi4#eg ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 dur+ a visit to ,p>is1 he>d ,madame ,m>a at "o ( ! ,conc]ts ,spirituels1 9 ! old !atre ( ! ,tuil]ies4 ,%e _h j return$ f ! ,h&el ,commemoration1 & sang1 among o!r ?+s1 ,i "k t my ,r$eem] live?1 :i* 0 ann\nc$ 9 ! bills z be+ ,musique de ,h&el1 p>oles de ,milton4 ,! ,fr5*1 says ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 _h n ! ta/e to l x4 ,! fir/ op]a 9 :i* ,madame ,m>a appe>$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre 0 ,didone1 a pa/iccio1 9 :i* f\r songs ( diff]5t *>act]s1 by ,sac*9i1 ,picc9ni1 & two o!r compos]s1 7 introduc$4 ,%e aft]w>ds sang ) ,miss ,cecilia ,davies 7,l',+les9a7 9 ,sac*9i's ,p]seo4 ,at ?is p]iod ,h&el's op]as 7 already s mu* out ( fa%ion1 ?\gh e/eem$ z highly z ev] by musicians & by ! m v5]able ( connoisseurs1 t :5 ,giulio ,ces>e 0 reviv$1 ) ,m>a & ,rub9elli 7bo? ( :om sang ! music incomp>ably well71 9 ! pr9cipal p>ts1 x _h no success ) ! g5]al public2 nor 7 any ( ,h&el's op]as aft]w>ds p]=m$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,giulio ,ces>e1 9 :i* _m ( ! mo/ fav\rite songs f ,h&el's o!r op]as 7,v]di prati1 ,dove sei1 ,r5di s]5o il ciglio1 & o!rs7 7 int]polat$1 answ]$ ! purpose = :i* x 0 produc$1 & attract$ ,george ,,iii4 two or ?ree times to ! !atre4 ,moreov] 7to quote ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe's words71 x fill$ ! h\se1 by attract+ ! exclusive lov]s ( ! old /yle1 :o held *eap all o!r op]atic p]=mances4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,pan!on4 ,9 #aghi 7! ye> 9 :i* ! suppos$ sexag5>ian1 ,madele9e ,guim>d1 /ill full ( grace & g5tility1 made h] appe>ance7 ! ,k+'s ,!atre 0 burnt to ! gr\nd--n )\t a suspicion ( its hav+ be5 malici\sly set on fire1 :i* 0 increas$ by ! suspect$ p]son soon aft] committ+ suicide4 ,arrangem5ts 7 made = c>ry+ on ! ,op]a at ! little !atre 9 ! ,haym>ket1 :]e ,m>a 0 engag$ z ! fir/ woman 9 s]i\s op]as1 & ,/orace 9 comic4 ,! company aft]w>ds mov$ to ! ,pan!on1 :i*1 says ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 9 its orig9al /ate 0 ! l>ge/ & mo/ beautiful room 9 ,london1 & a v model ( f9e ar*itecture4 ,x 0 ! *ef-d'uvre ( ,wyatt1 :o himself contriv$ & execut$ its trans=mation1 tak+ c>e n to injure any "p ( ! build+1 & s conceal+ ! columns & clos+ its dome1 t x might be easily re/or$ aft] its tempor>y purpose 0 answ]$1 x be+ !n 9 contemplation to erect an entirely new & magnific5t op]a-h\se else:]e1 a project :i* c\ld nev] be realis$4 ,mr4 ,wyatt1 by ?is conv]sion1 produc$ "o ( ! prettie/1 & by f> ! mo/ g5teel & com=table !atres ,i ev] saw1 ( a mod]ate size & excell5t %ape1 & admirably adapt$ bo? = see+ & he>+4 ,!re ! regul> ,op]a 0 successfully c>ri$ on1 ) two v good companies & ballets4 ,pac*i]otti1 ,m>a1 & ,lazz>9i1 a v pleas+ s+] ) a sweet t5or voice1 be+ at ! head ( ! s]i\s2 & ,cas5t9i1 a pretty woman & g5teel actress1 ) ,lazz>9i1 = t5or1 ,morelli & ,ciprani pr9cipal buffos1 compos+ ! comic4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ "t t ,pac*i]otti#eh _h met ) a good prima donna s9ce ,madame ,lebrun1 & 8 duettos ) ,m>a 7 ! mo/ p]fect pieces ( execution ,i ev] he>d4 ,! op]as 9 :i* !y p]=m$ toge!r 7 ,sac*9i's ,r9aldo & ,b]toni's ,qu9to ,fabio reviv$1 & a *>m+ new "o by ,s>ti1 call$ ,idalide1 or ,la ,v]g9e del ,sole4 ,! be/ comic 7 ,la ,mol9>a1 & ,la bella ,pescatrice1 by ,guglielmi4 ,on ! :ole ,i nev] enjoy$ ! op]a s mu* z at ?is !atre4 ,! ,pan!on ent]prise1 h[ev]1 l mo/ op]atic speculations 9 ,engl&1 did n pay1 & at ! end ( ! fir/ season 7#agia7 ! manag] _h incurr$ debts to ! am\nt ( ?irty ?\s& p\nds4 ,9 ! mean:ile ! ,k+'s ,!atre _h be5 rebuilt1 b ! proprietor1 n[ t ! ,op]a 0 e/abli%$ at ! ,pan!on1 f\nd himself unable to obta9 a lic5se = dramatic p]=mances1 & _h to cont5t himself ) giv+ conc]ts at :i* ! pr9cipal s+] 0 ! celebrat$ ,david4 ,x 0 propos$ t ! new ,op]a h\se %\ld take ! debts ( ! ,pan!on1 & ) !m its op]atic lic5se1 b ! (f] 0 n accept$1 & 9 #agib ! ,pan!on 0 de/roy$ by fire--9 ?is case ! result1 cle>ly1 ( accid5t4 ,at la/ ! s*ism :i* _h divid$ ! musical _w 0 put an end to1 & an arrangem5t 0 made = op5+ ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 ! w9t] ( #agic4 ,!re 0 n "t to br+ ov] a new company1 b "o 0 =m$ out ( ! s+]s already 9 ,london1 ) ,m>a at _! head & ) ,kelly = ! t5or4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mr4 ,,m>a4 ,m>a 0 n[ beg9n+ to decl9e 9 voice & 9 popul>ity4 ,:5 %e 0 no long] engag$ at ! ,italian ,op]a1 %e sang at conc]ts & = a %ort "t at ,cov5t ,g>d51 :]e %e appe>$ z ,polly 9 ,! ,begg>s' ,op]a4 ,%e aft]w>ds sang ) ! ,drury ,lane company :ile !y p]=m$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre dur+ ! rebuild+ ( _! own h\se1 :i* _h be5 pull$ d[n to be succe$$ by a mu* l>g] "o4 ,%e appe>$ 9 an ,engli% s]i\s op]a1 call$ ,dido1 9 :i*1 says ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 %e reta9$ "o song ( h] ,didone1 ! brilliant bravura1 ,son ,reg9a4 ,x did n greatly succe$1 ?\gh ! music 0 good & well sung4 ,?is is n surpris+1 he adds1 ! s]i\s op]a be+ ill suit$ to our /age1 & our language to recitative4 ,none ev] succe$$ b ,dr4 ,arne's ,artax]xes1 :i* 01 at fir/1 support$ by "s ,italian s+]s1 ,t5ducci be+ ! orig9al ,arbaces4 ,x is noticeable t 9 ! a=esaid ,engli% ,dido ,kelly 0 ! t5or1 :ile ,mrs4 ,cr\* took ! "p ( fir/ man1 :i* at ?is "t 9 ,italy 0 always giv5 to a soprani/4 ,madame ,m>a's husb&1 ! ex-viol9i/ ( ! ,b]l9 or*e/ra1 appe>s nev] to h be5 a good musician1 & always an idle drunk>d4 ,8 wife at la/ got disgu/$ ) 8 habits1 & probably1 also1 ) 8 p]=mance on ! viol91#ei = %e w5t (f ) a flute-play] nam$ ,florio to ,russia1 :]e %e liv$ = _m ye>s4 ,:5 %e 0 ab\t sev5ty %e re-appe>$ 9 ,engl& & gave a conc]t at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 b )\t any sort ( success4 ,h] wond]ful p[]s 7 said to h return$1 b :5 %e sang h] voice 0 g5]ally comp>$ to a p5ny trumpet4 ,madame ,m>a !n return$ to ,mosc[1 :]e %e suff]$ greatly by ! fire ( #ahab4 ,%e aft]w>ds resid$ at "s t[n 9 ! ,baltic prov9ces1 & di$ !re at a v advanc$ age4 ,! next great vocali/ :o visit$ ,engl& aft] ,m>a's db1 0 ,banti4 ,%e _h comm5c$ life z a /reet s+]2 b h] f9e voice hav+ attract$ ! att5tion ( ,de ,vismes1 ! director ( ! ,acadmie1 he told h] to come to him at ! ,op]a1 :]e ! future prima donna1 aft] he>+ an air ( ,sac*9i's ?ree times1 sang x p]fectly f beg9n+ to end4 ,de ,vismes at once engag$ h]2 & soon aft]w>ds %e made h] fir/ appe>ance ) ! mo/ brilliant success4 ,al?\gh ,banti 0 n[ put "u ! be/ ma/]s1 %e 0 ( su* an indol5t1 c>eless disposition1 t %e nev] c\ld be got to le>n ev5 ! fir/ elem5ts ( music4 ,nev]!less1 %e 0 s happily end[$ by nature1 t x gave h] no tr\ble to p]fect h]self 9 ! mo/ difficult p>ts2 & :atev] %e sang1 %e r5d]$ ) ! mo/ *>m+ expression imag9able4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 :o does n m5tion ! fact ( h] hav+ sung at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 says t ,banti 0 ! mo/ delightful s+] he ev] he>d 7?\gh1 :5 %e appe>$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #agii1 %e mu/ h be5 =ty-two ye>s ( age#fj72 & tells u t1 9 h]1 g5ius suppli$ ! place ( sci5ce2 & ! mo/ correct e>1 ) ! mo/ exquisite ta/e1 enabl$ h] to s+ ) m effect1 m expression1 & m app>5t k ( h] art1 ?an _m mu* bett] pr(essors4 ,sid5ote3 ,,banti4 ,x is said ( ,banti1 t :5 %e 0 s++ 9 ,p>is1 ?\gh %e nev] made ! slighte/ mi/ake 9 conc]t$ pieces1 %e sometimes execut$ h] airs aft] a v /range fa%ion4 ,= in/ance3 9 ! allegro ( a cavat9a1 aft] s++ ! pr9cipal motive1 & ! int]m$i>y phrase or second "p1 %e w\ld1 9 a fit ( abs5ce1 re-comm5ce ! air f ! v beg9n+2 g on ) x until ! turn+ po9t at ! end ( ! second "p2 aga9 re-comm5ce & cont9ue ?is proce$+1 until at la/ ! conductor w>n$ h] t next "t %e _h bett] ?9k ( t]m9at+ ! piece4 ,9 ! mean:ile ! public1 delight$ ) ,banti's voice1 is said to h be5 q satisfi$ ) ?is novel mode ( p]=mance4 ,banti made h] db 9 ,engl& 9 ,bian*i's ,semiramide1 9 :i* %e introduc$ an air f "o ( ,guglielmi's oratorios1 ) a viol9 obbligato accompanim5t1 play$ fir/ by ,cram]1 aft]w>d by ,viotti1 ,salomon1 & ,wei*sell1 ! bro!r ( ,mrs4 ,bill+ton4 ,?is song 0 ( great l5g?1 & v fatigu+2 b ,banti 0 always encor$ 9 x1 & nev] omitt$ to repeat x4 ,at h] b5efit 9 ! foll[+ ye> 7#ahjj7 ,banti p]=m$ 9 an op]a1 f\nd$ on ! ,z5obia ( ,meta/asio1 by ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 ! au?or ( ! int]e/+ ,rem9isc5ces1 to :i*1 9 ! c\rse ( ! pres5t *apt] ,i %all frequ5tly h to ref]4 ,! fir/ man's "p 0 allott$ to ,roselli1 a soprani/1 :o1 h[ev]1 _h to transf] x to ,viganoni1 a t5or4 ,roselli1 ^: voice 0 fail+ him1 soon aft]w>ds left ! c\ntry2 & no o!r male soprano made 8 appe>ance at ! ,k+'s ,!atre until ! arrival ( ,velluti1 :o sang tw5ty-five ye>s aft]w>ds 9 ,mey]be]'s ,crociato4 ,banti's fav\rite op]as 7 ,gluck's ,alce/e1 9 :i* %e 0 call$ ^u to repeat ?ree ( h] airs e night2 ! ,iphignie en ,tauride1 by ! same au?or2 ,paisiello's ,elfrida1 & ,n9a or ,la ,pazza p] ,amore2 ,nasol9i's#fa ,mitridate2 & sev]al op]as by ,bian*i1 compos$ expressly = h]4 ,be=e ,banti's dep>ture f ,engl&1 %e prevail$ on ,mrs4 ,bill+ton to p]=m ) h] on ! night ( h] b5efit1 leav+ to ! latt] ! privilege ( assum+ ! pr9cipal "* 9 any op]a %e might select4 ,m]ope 0 *os54 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton took ! "p ( ! h]o9e1 & ,banti t ( ,polifonte1 ?\gh writt5 = a t5or voice4 ,! curiosity to he> ^! two celebrat$ s+]s 9 ! same piece 0 s great1 t ! !atre 0 fill$ ) :at we s (t5 read ( 9 ! newspap]s1 b s seldom see 9 actual life1--an ov]fl[+ audi5ce2 _m ladies be+ oblig$1 = want ( bett] places1 to f9d seats on ! /age4 ,banti di$ at ,bologna1 9 #ahjf1 bequea?+ h] l>ynx 7( extraord9>y size7 to ! t[n1 ! municipality ( :i* caus$ x to be duly pres]v$ 9 a glass bottle4 ,poor woman6 %e _h by "t dissipat$ ! :ole ( h] =tune1 & _h no?+ else to leave4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mrs4 ,,bill+ton4 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton1 ,banti's contempor>y1 aft] s++ n only 9 ,engl&1 b at all ! be/ !atres ( ,italy1 left ! /age 9 #ahji4 ,9 #agid1 :ile %e 0 engag$ at ,naples1 at ! ,san ,c>lo1 a viol5t eruption ( ,m\nt ,vesuvius took place1 :i* ! ,neapolitans attribut$ to ! pres5ce ( an ,engli% h]etic on _! /age4 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton's fri5ds 7 ev5 al>m$ = h] p]sonal safety1 :51 =tunately1 ! eruption ceas$1 & ! audi5ce1 reliev$ ( _! sup]/iti\s fe>s1 applaud$ ! admirable vocali/ 9 all lib]ty & confid5ce4 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton 0 an excell5t musician1 & be=e com+ out z a s+] _h di/+ui%$ h]self 9 e>ly life 7:5 ,miss ,wei*sell7 z a pian(orte play]4 ,%e appe>s to h be5 b an indiff]5t actress1 &1 9 h] s++1 to h ow$ h] success less to h] expression ?an to h] agility1 :i* is said to h be5 m>vell\s4 ,h] execution 0 di/+ui%$ by ! utmo/ neatness & precision4 ,h] voice 0 sweet & flexible1 b n rem>kable = fulness ( tone1 :i* =m$ ! great beauty ( ,banti's s++4 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton appe>$ ) p>ticul> success 9 ,ba*'s ,clem5za di ,scipione1 9 :i* ! "p ( ! h]o9e _h be5 orig9ally play$ 9 ,engl& by ,miss ,davies 7,l',+les9a72 ,paisiello's ,elfrida2 ,w9t]'s ,armida1 & ,ca/ore e ,polluce2 & ,moz>t's ,clem5za di ,tito--! fir/ ( t ma/]'s works ev] p]=m$ 9 ,engl&4 ,at ?is "t1 nei!r ! ,nozze di ,fig>o1 nor ,moz>t's o!r ma/]piece1 ,don ,giovanni 7produc$ at ,prague 9 #aghg71 seem to h be5 at all kn[n ei!r 9 ,engl& or 9 ,france4 ,aft] ,banti's dep>ture f ,engl&1 & :ile ,mrs4 ,bill+ton 0 /ill at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ,grass9i 0 engag$ to s+ alt]nately ) ! latt] vocali/4 ,%e made h] fir/ appe>ance 9 ,la ,v]g9e del ,sole an op]a by ,may] 7! future preceptor ( ,donizetti71 b 9 ?is "w %e succe$$ m ?r\gh h] act+ & h] beauty ?an by h] s++4 ,inde$1 s equivocal 0 h] reception1 t on ! occasion ( h] b5efit1 %e felt x desirable to ask ,mrs4 ,bill+ton to appe> ) h]4 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton cons5t$2 & ,w9t] compos$ an op]a call$ ,il ,ratto di ,pros]p9a1 specially = ! rival s+]s1 ,mrs4 ,bill+ton tak+ ! "p ( ,c]es1 & ,grass9i t ( ,pros]p9e4 ,n[ ! tide ( fav\r sudd5ly turn$1 & we are told t ,grass9i's p]=mance ga9$ all ! applause2 & t h] graceful figure1 h] f9e expression ( face1 toge!r ) ! sweet mann] 9 :i* %e sang sev]al simple airs1 /amp$ h] at once ! reign+ fav\rite4 ,inde$1 n only 0 ,grass9i raptur\sly applaud$ 9 public1 b %e 0 tak5 up by ! fir/ society1 ft$1 c>ess$1 & introduc$ z a regul> gue/ 9 mo/ ( ! fa%ionable assemblies4 ,( h] private claims to t di/9ction1 adds ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 x is be/ to be sil5t2 b h] mann]s & ext]ior behavi\r 7 prop] & g5teel4 ,sid5ote3 ,,braham4 ,at ?is p]iod #ahjd-e1 ! t5ors at ! ,k+'s ,!atre 7 ,viganoni & ,braham4 ,respect+ ! latt]1 :o1 9 ,engl&1 ,france & ,italy1 9 ,engli% & 9 ,italian op]as1 on ! /age & 9 conc]t rooms1 mu/ h sung altoge!r = some?+ l half a c5tury1 ,i mu/ aga9 quote ! au?or ( ,musical ,rem9isc5ces1 :o he>d him 9 8 prime4 ,all mu/ ackn[l$ge1 he says1 t 8 voice is ( ! f9e/ quality1 ( great p[] & occasional sweetness4 ,x is equally c]ta9 t he has great k ( music1 & c s+ extremely well4 ,x is !re=e ! m to be regrett$ t he %\ld ev] d o!rwise2 t he %\ld ev] quit ! natural regi/] ( 8 voice by rais+ x to an unpleasant falsetto1 or =ce x by too viol5t ex]tion2 t he %\ld dep>t f a good /yle1 & correct ta/e1 :i* he kn[s & c foll[ z well z any man1 to adopt at times ! ov]-florid & fritt]$ ,italian mann]2 at o!rs1 to fall into ! co>s5ess & vulg>ity ( ! ,engli%4 ,! fact is1 t he c be two di/9ct s+]s1 accord+ to ! audi5ce be=e :om he p]=ms1 & t to ga9 applause he condesc5ds to s+ z ill at ! playh\se z he has done well at ! ,op]a4 ,8 compositions h ! same v>iety1 & he c equally write a popul> noisy song = ! "o1 or its v opposite1 = ! o!r4 ,a duetto ( 81 introduc$ into ! op]a ( ,gli ,orazj1 sung by himself & ,grass9i1 _h great beauty1 & 0 9 excell5t ta/e4 99 99 99 99 ,braham has done mat]ial injury to ,engli% s++1 by produc+ a ho/ ( imitators4 ,:at is 9 itself n good1 b may be endur$ f a f9e p]=m]1 becomes insuff]able 9 bad imitation4 ,catalani has done less mis*ief1 only because h] p[]s are unique1 & h] a/oni%+ execution unatta9able4 ,_m m5 endeav\r to rival ,braham1 no woman c aspire to be+ a ,catalani4 ,:5 bo? ,grass9i & ,mrs4 ,bill+ton retir$1 7#ahjf71 ! place ( bo? 0 suppli$ by ! celebrat$ ,catalani1 ! vocal que5 ( h] "t4 ,%e made h] fir/ appe>ance 9 ,portogallo's ,semiramide1 7:i* is said to h be5 a v inf]ior op]a to ,bian*i's1 on ! same subject71 &1 among o!r works1 _h to p]=m 9 ! ,clem5za di ,tito1 ( ,moz>t1 ^: music %e is said to h dislik$ on ! gr\nd t x kept ! s+] too mu* "u ! control ( ! or*e/ra4 ,nev]!less1 %e introduc$ ! ,nozze di ,fig>o into ,engl&1 & h]self play$ ! "p ( ,susanna ) admirable success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,catalani4 ,h] voice1 says ,f]r>i 7,jacques ,godefroi1 a pupil ( ,paisiello71 0 sonor\s1 p[]ful1 & full ( *>m & suavity4 ,?is organ1 ( s r>e a beauty1 might be comp>$ = spl5d\r to ! voice ( ,banti2 = expression1 to t ( ,grass9i2 = sweet en]gy1 to t ( ,pa/a2 unit+ ! delici\s flexibility ( ,sontag to ! ?ree regi/]s ( ,malibran4 ,madame ,catalani _h =m$ h] /yle on t ( ,pac*i]otti1 ,m>*esi1 ,cresc5t9i2#fb h] gr\ps1 r\lades1 triplets1 & mord5ti1 7 ( admirable p]fection2 h] well articulat$ execution lo/ no?+ ( its purity 9 ! mo/ rapid & mo/ difficult passages4 ,%e animat$ ! s+]s1 ! *orus1 ! or*e/ra1 ev5 9 ! f9ales & conc]t$ pieces4 ,h] beautiful notes rose above & dom9at$ ! ensemble ( ! voices & in/rum5ts2 nor c\ld ,bee?ov51 ,ross9i or any o!r musical ,lucif]1 h cov]$ ?is div9e voice ) ! tumult ( ! or*e/ra4 ,our virtuosa 0 n a pr(\nd musician2 b1 guid$ by :at %e did "k1 & by h] practis$ e>1 %e c\ld le>n 9 a mom5t ! mo/ complicat$ pieces4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h] firm1 /rong1 brilliant1 volum9\s voice 0 ( a mo/ agreeable timbre1 says ,ca/il ,blase2 x 0 an admirable soprano ( prodigi\s compass1 f la to ! upp] sol1 m>vell\s 9 po9t ( agility1 & produc+ a s5sation difficult to describe4 ,madame ,catalani's mann] ( s++ left some?+ to desire 9 ! noble1 broad1 su/a9$ /yle4 ,mesdames ,grass9i & ,b>illi surpass$ h] on ?is po9t1 b ) reg>d to difficulties ( execution & brio1 ,madame ,catalani c\ld r+ out "o ( h] fav\rite airs & exclaim1 ,son ,reg9a6 ,%e 0 !n )\t a rival4 ,i nev] he>d any?+ l x4 ,%e excell$ 9 *romatic passages1 asc5d+ & desc5d+1 ( extreme rapidity4 ,h] execution1 m>vell\s 9 audacity1 made tal5ts ( ! fir/ ord] pale be=e x1 & in/rum5tali/s no long] d>$ figure by h] side4 ,:5 ,tul\1 h[ev]1 pres5t$ himself1 8 flute 0 applaud$ ) en?usiasm aft] ,madame ,catalani's voice4 ,! exp]im5t 0 a dang]\s "o1 & ! victory 0 only ! m brilliant = ! adv5tur\s "y arti/4 ,!re 0 no end to ! complim5ts address$ to him on 8 success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,on h] way to ,london1 9 ! summ] ( #ahjf1 ,catalani1 ^: reputation 0 !n at its height1 pass$ ?r\gh ,p>is1 & sang be=e ! ,emp]or at ,/4 ,cl\d4 ,napoleon gave h] #e1jjj francs = ?is p]=mance1 besides a p5sion ( #a1bjj francs1 & ! use ( ! ,op]a1 ) all exp5ces paid1 = two conc]ts1 ( :i* ! receipts am\nt$ to #di1jjj francs4 ,! ,fr5* emp]or1 dur+ 8 victori\s c>e]1 _h acquir$ ! habit ( c>ry+ (f s+]s z captives1 & enroll+ !m1 9 spite ( !mselves1 9 8 musical s]vice4 ,! same dictatorial sy/em1 h[ev]1 fail$ :5 appli$ to ,catalani4 ,:]e are y go+1 t y wi% to leave ,p>is8 said ,napoleon4 ,to ,london1 ,sire1 answ]$ ! s+]4 ,y mu/ rema9 9 ,p>is1 repli$ ,napoleon1 y w be well paid & y\r tal5ts w be bett] appreciat$ "h4 ,y w h a hundr$ ?\s& francs a ye>1 & two mon?s' leave ( abs5ce4 ,t is settl$4 ,adieu1 ,madame4 ,catalani w5t away )\t d>+ to say t %e did n mean to break h] engagem5t ) ! manag] ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,9 ord] to keep x %e 0 oblig$ to emb>k secretly at ,morlaix4 ,sid5ote3 ,,catalani4 ,i h spok5 ( ?is celebrat$ vocali/'s fir/ appe>ance 9 ,london1 &1 hav+ giv5 an ,italian & a ,fr5* acc\nt ( h] s++1 ,i may z well complete ! description by quot+ ! rem>ks made by an ,engli%man1 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 on h] voice & /yle ( execution4 ,x is well kn[n1 he says1 t h] voice is ( a mo/ uncommon quality1 & capable ( ex]tions almo/ sup]natural4 ,h] ?roat seems endu$ 7z has be5 rem>k$ by m$ical m57 ) a p[] ( expansion & muscul> motion by no means usual1 & :5 %e ?r[s out all h] voice to ! utmo/1 x has a volume & /r5g? t are q surpris+1 :ile its agility 9 divisions1 runn+ up & d[n ! scale 9 semi-tones1 & its compass 9 jump+ ov] two octaves at once1 are equally a/oni%+4 ,x 7 to be wi%$ %e 0 less lavi% 9 ! display ( ^! wond]ful p[]s1 & s\ght to please m ?an to surprise2 b h] ta/e is vici\s1 h] excessive love ( ornam5t spoil+ e simple air1 & h] greate/ delight 7inde$ h] *ief m]it7 be+ 9 songs ( a bold & spirit$ "*1 :]e mu* is left to h] discretion 7or indiscretion7 )\t be+ conf9$ by accompanim5t1 b 9 :i* %e c indulge 9 ad libitum passages ) a luxuriance & r$undancy no o!r s+] ev] possess$1 or if possess+1 ev] practis$1 & :i* %e c>ries to a fanta/ical excess4 ,%e is fond ( s++ v>iations on "s kn[n simple air1 & latt]ly has pu%$ ?is ta/e to ! v height ( absurdity1 by s++1 ev5 )\t words1 v>iations compos$ = ! fiddle4 ,allusion is "h d\btless made to ! air v>i by ,pi]re ,rode1 ! viol9i/1 :i*1 f ,catalani to ,alboni & our own ,l\isa ,pyne1 has be5 su* a fav\rite %[-piece ) all vocali/s ( brilliant executive p[]s1 m especially 9 ,engl&4 ,! vocal v>iations on ,rode's air1 h[ev]1 7 writt5 9 ,london1 specially = ,catalani1 by ,dr\et ! flute-play]4 ,catalani return$ to ,p>is 9 ,octob]1 #ahae1 :5 !re 0 no long] any *ance ( ,napoleon reproa*+ h] = h] abrupt dep>ture n9e ye>s be=e4 ,%e solicit$ & obta9$ ! privilege ( ! ,italian !atre2 b "h ! celebrat$ sy/em ( h] husb&1 ,m4 ,valabrque 79 :i* ! be/ possible op]atic company consi/$ only ( ma femme et trois ou quatre p\pes7 q broke d[n4 ,madame ,catalani gave up ! !atre1 ) ! subv5tion ( #afj1jjj francs all[$ h] by ! gov]nm5t1 9 #ahah1 ,m4 ,valabrque hav+ previ\sly enunciat$ 9 a pamphlet ! reasons :i* l$ to ?is ab&onm5t4 ,great exp5ses _h be5 incurr$ 9 fitt+ up ! !atre1 &1 moreov]1 ! managem5t _h be5 =c$ to pay its r5t4 ,! pamphlet conclud$ ) a p>agraph :i* 0 sc>cely civil on ! "p ( a =eign] :o _h be5 mo/ hospitably receiv$1 t[>ds a nation situat$ z ,france 0 j !n4 ,x is suffici5tly curi\s to be quot$4 ,sid5ote3 ,m4 ,,valabreque4 ,consid]1 moreov]1 said ! discom=t$ director1 or r ! discom=t$ husb& ( ! directress1 t 9 ! "t :5 sev]al prov9ces beyond ! m\nta9s belong$ to ,france1 tw5ty ?\s& ,italians 7 con/antly attract$ to ! capital & suppli$ num]\s audi5ces = ! ,italian !atre2 t1 moreov]1 ! arti/s :o 7 *iefly rem>k$ at ! !atres ( ,milan1 ,flor5ce1 ,v5ice & ,g5oa1 c\ld be engag$ = ,p>is by ord] ( ! gov]nm5t1 & t 9 su* a case ! adm9i/ration 0 reimburs$ = a portion ( ! extra engagem5ts4 ,catalani _h left ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #ahac1 two ye>s be=e %e assum$ ! managem5t ( ! ,italian ,!atre ( ,p>is4 ,) "s brief int]vals %e _h be5 s++ 9 ,london s9ce #ahjf1 & aft] quitt+ ,engl&1 %e 0 = _m ye>s )\t appe>+ on any /age1 if we except ! %ort p]iod dur+ :i* %e direct$ ! ,?tre ,feydau4 ,h] t]ms 7 s inord9ate t manag]s 7 naturally afraid ( !m1 & ,catalani f\nd x m to h] advantage to travel ab\t ,europe1 giv+ conc]ts at :i* %e 0 ! sole p]=m] ( importance1 ?an to accept su* an engagem5t z c\ld be (f]$ to h] at a !atre4 ,%e gave sev]al conc]ts ( ?is k9d 9 ,engl&1 :i!r %e return$ twice aft] %e _h ceas$ to appe> at ! ,op]a4 ,%e is said to h obta9$ m success 9 ,engl& ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry1 & lea/ ( all 9 ,italy4 ,:5 %e appe>$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #ahbd1 & sang 9 ,may]'s ,fanatico p] la ,musica1 ! frequ5t]s ( ! ,op]a1 :o rememb]$ h] p]=mance 9 ! same "w eighte5 ye>s be=e1 7 surpris$ t s long an int]val _h produc$ s little *ange 9 ! s+]4 ,! success ( ! fir/ night 0 prodigi\s2 b ,mr4 ,eb]s 79 8 ,sev5 ,ye>s ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre71 tells u t repetitions ( ?is op]a1 aga9 & aga91 dim9i%$ ! audi5ces mo/ p]ceptibly1 ?\gh "s new air 0 on ea* p]=mance introduc$1 to display ! p[] ( ! ,catalani4 99 99 99 ,9 ?is op]a ! sweet & soo?+ voice ( ,c>adori 0 an agreeable relief to ! bewild]+ =ce ( ! great wond]4 ,9 "o season ( f\r mon?s 9 ,london1 ,madame ,catalani1 by h] sy/em ( conc]ts1 ga9$ upw>ds ( t5 ?\s& p\nds1 & d\bl$ t sum dur+ a subsequ5t t\r 9 ! prov9ces1 9 ,irel& & ,scotl&4 ,%e sang = ! la/ "t 9 public at ,dubl91 9 #ahbh4 ,sid5ote3 ,,catalani',s ,,agreem5t ,z to ! sort ( engagem5t %e approv$ (1 "s notion may be =m$ f ! foll[+ draft ( a contract submitt$ by h] to ,mr4 ,eb]s 9 #ahbf3---- ,conditions betwe5 ,mr4 ,eb]s & ,m4 ,p4 de ,valabrque4 #a4 ,e box & e admission %all be consid]$ z belong+ to ! managem5t4 ,! free admissions %all be giv5 ) pap] ord]s1 & diff]5tly %ap$ f ! paid tickets4 ,_! numb] %all be limit$4 ,! manag]1 z well z ,madame ,catalani1 %all ea* h a good box4 #b4 ,madame ,catalani %all *oose & direct ! op]as 9 :i* %e is to s+2 %e %all likewise h ! *oice ( ! p]=m]s 9 !m2 %e w h no ord]s to receive f any "o2 %e w f9d all h] own dresses4 #c4 ,madame ,catalani %all h two b5efits1 to be divid$ ) ! manag]2 ,madame ,catalani's %>e %all be free3 %e w fix h] own days4 #d4 ,madame ,catalani & h] husb& %all h a "r to sup]9t5d ! receipts4 #e4 ,e six weeks ,madame ,catalani %all receive ! paym5t ( h] %>e ( ! receipts1 & ( ! subscription4 #f4 ,madame ,catalani %all s+ at no o!r place b ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 dur+ ! season2 9 ! conc]ts or oratorios1 :]e %e may s+1 %e w be entitl$ to no o!r %>e b t specifi$ z "u4 #g4 ,dur+ ! season1 ,madame ,catalani %all be at lib]ty to g to ,ba?1 ,ox=d1 or ,cambridge4 #h4 ,madame ,catalani %all n s+ (t5] ?an h] heal? w all[ h]4 ,%e promises to contribute to ! utmo/ ( h] p[] to ! good ( ! !atre4 ,on 8 side1 ,mr4 ,eb]s engages to treat ,madame ,catalani ) e possible c>e4 #i4 ,?is engagem5t1 & ^! conditions1 w be b9d+ = ?is season1 :i* w beg9 & end & cont9ue dur+ all ! seasons t ! !atre %all be "u ! managem5t ( ,mr4 ,eb]s1 unless ,madame ,catalani's heal?1 or /ate ( h] voice1 %\ld n all[ h] to cont9ue4 ,sid5ote3 ,,catalani',s ,,agreem5t #aj4 ,madame ,catalani1 9 return = ! conditions above m5tion$1 %all receive ! half "p ( ! am\nt ( all ! receipts :i* %all be made 9 ! c\rse ( ! season1 includ+ ! subscription to ! boxes1 ! am\nt ( ^? sold sep>ately1 ! monies receiv$ at ! doors ( ! !atre1 & ( ! conc]t-room2 9 %ort1 ! said half "p ( ! g5]al receipts ( ! !atre = ! season4 #aa4 ,x is well und]/ood t ,madame ,catalani's %>e %all be free f e k9d ( d$uction1 x be+ grant$ h] 9 lieu ( sal>y4 ,x is likewise well und]/ood1 t e exp5se ( ! !atre dur+ ! season %all be ,mr4 ,eb]s'2 su* z ! r5t ( ! !atre1 ! p]=m]s' sal>ies1 ! tradespeople's bills2 9 %ort1 e possible exp5se2 & ,madame ,catalani %all be entirely exon]at$ f any "o *>ge4 ,?is engagem5t %all be translat$ into ,engli%1 tak+ c>e t ! conditions %all rema9 precisely z 9 ! orig9al1 & %all be s word$ z to /ipulate t ,madame ,catalani1 on receiv+ h] %>e ( ! receipts ( ! !atre1 %all 9 no ways :atev] be consid]$ z p>tn] ( ! manag] ( ! e/abli%m5t4 #ab4 ,! pres5t engagem5t be+ made ) ! full approbation ( bo? p>ties1 ,mr4 ,eb]s & ,m4 ,valabrque pl$ge _! ^w ( hon\r to fulfil x 9 e "o ( its p>ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i mu/ n[ add t ,madame ,catalani1 by all acc\nts1 possess$ an excell5t disposition1 t h] private life 0 irreproa*able1 & t :ile ga9+ imm5se sums1 %e also gave imm5se sums away 9 *>ity4 ,inde$1 ! proce$s ( h] conc]ts1 = ! b5efit ( ! poor & sick h be5 e/imat$ at eighty ?\s& p\nds1 besides :i* %e p]=m$ num]\s acts ( g5]osity t[>ds individuals4 ,nor does %e appe> to h possess$ t excessive & exclusive admiration = ,madame ,catalani's tal5t :i* 0 c]ta9ly ent]ta9$ by h] husb&1 ,m4 ,valabrque4 ,o!rwise !re c be no tru? 9 ! well kn[n /ory ( h] giv+1 by way ( homage1 ! %awl :i* _h j be5 pres5t$ to h] by ! ,empress ( ,russia1 to a ,mosc[ gipsey--"o ( ^? s++ tsigankie :o execute ) su* orig9ality & true expression _! own *>act]i/ic melodies4 ,aft] hav+ delight$ ! _w = ?irty-five ye>s1 ,madame ,catalani retir$ to a *>m+ villa ne> ,flor5ce4 ,! invasion ( ! *ol]a made h] leave ?is retreat & g to ,p>is2 :]e1 9 #ahdi1 9 h] sev5tie? ye>1 %e fell a victim to ! v sc\rge %e _h hop$ to avoid4 ,sid5ote3 ,,celebrat$ ,,s+]s4 ,z = ! husb&1 ,valabrque1 he appe>s to h be5 mean1 (fici\s1 conceit$ 7( 8 wife's tal5t67 & g5]ally /upid4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze solemnly affirms1 t :5 ,madame ,catalani 0 rehe>s+ at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is an air :i* %e 0 to s+ 9 ! ev5+ to a pian(orte accompanim5t1 %e f\nd ! in/rum5t too high1 & told ,valabrque to see t x 0 l[]$2 ^u :i* 7decl>es ,m4 ,blase7 ,valabrque call$ = a c>p5t] & caus$ ! un=tunate piano's feet to be amputat$6 ,/ill too high8 cri$ ,madame ,catalani's husb&1 :5 he 0 accus$ 9 ! ev5+ ( hav+ neglect$ h] ord]s4 ,:y1 h[ mu* did y l[] x1 ,*>les8 address+ ! c>p5t]4 ,two in*es1 ,sir1 0 ! reply4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! hi/orian ( ! above anecdote calls ,tambur9i1 ,labla*e1 & ,tadol9i1 z well z ,ross9i & ,b]ry]1 ! celebrat$ advocate1 to witness t ! mutilat$ in/rum5t _h aft]w>d f\r knobs ( wood glu$ to its legs by ! same ,*>les :o execut$ 9 s fai?ful a mann] ,m4 ,valabrque's absurd behe/4 ,x cont9u$ to we> ^! patt5s until its exi/5ce 0 t]m9at$ 9 ! fire ( #ahch--;9 :i* by ! way1 ! compos] ( ,william ,tell1 :o at t "t nom9ally direct$ ! !atre1 & :o _h ap>tm5ts on ! ?ird floor1 w\ld inevitably h p]i%$ _h he n left ,p>is = ,italy ! day be=e6 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e conclud+ ?is *apt]1 ,i w ref] once m to ! ,musical ,rem9isc5ces ( ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 ^: op9ions on s+]s seem to me m valuable ?an ^? he has express$ ab\t contempor>y compos]s1 & :o _h frequ5t & con/ant opportunities ( he>+ ! five great female vocali/s engag$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 betwe5 ! ye>s #aghf & #ahad4 ,!y may be divid$1 he says1 into two classes1 ( :i* ,madame ,m>a & ,mrs4 ,bill+ton =m ! fir/2 & !y 7 9 mo/ respects s simil>1 t ! same obs]vations w apply equally to bo?4 ,bo? 7 excell5t musicians1 ?or\ghly skill$ 9 _! pr(ession2 bo? _h voices ( uncommon sweetness & agility1 p>ticul>ly suit$ to ! bravura /yle1 & execut$ to p]fection & ) good ta/e1 e ?+ !y sung4 ,b nei!r 0 an ,italian1 & consequ5tly bo? 7 defici5t 9 recitative3 nei!r _h mu* feel+ or !atrical tal5t1 & !y 7 absolutely null z actresses2 !re=e !y 7 m calculat$ to give pleasure 9 ! conc]t-room ?an on ! /age4 ,! o!r ?ree1 on ! contr>y1 _h great & di/+ui%$ dramatic tal5ts1 & seem$ born = ! !atrical pr(ession4 ,!y 7 all likewise b indiff]5tly skill$ 9 music1 supply+ by g5ius :at !y want$ 9 sci5ce1 & !reby produc+ ! greate/ & mo/ /rik+ effects on ! /age3 ^! are _! po9ts ( resemblance4 ,_! di/9ctive diff]5ces1 ,i %\ld say1 7 ^!3 ,grass9i 0 all grace1 ,catalani all fire1 ,banti all feel+4 ,sid5ote3 ,,guglielmi4 ,! compos]s1 9 ^: music ! above s+]s *iefly excell$1 7 ,gluck1 ,picc9ni1 ,guglielmi1 ,cim>osa1 & ,paisiello4 ,we h se5 t ,susanna 9 ! ,nozze di ,fig>o1 0 "o ( ,catalani's fav\rite p>ts2 b z yet ,moz>t's music 0 v little kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & x 0 n until #ahag t 8 ,don ,giovanni 0 produc$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 99 99 99 99 99 ,aft] ,gluck & ,picc9ni1 ! mo/ admir$ compos]s1 & ! natural successors ( ! two great rivals 9 po9t ( "t1 7 ,cim>osa & ,paisiello4 ,guglielmi 0 consid]ably _! s5ior1 & on return+ to ,naples 9 #aggg1 aft] hav+ sp5t fifte5 ye>s away f 8 c\ntry1 9 ,vi5na1 & 9 ,london1 he f\nd t 8 two y\ng] competitors _h q supplant$ him 9 public fav\r4 ,8 works1 compos$ betwe5 ! ye>s #agee & #agfb1 _h become antiquat$1 & 7 no long] p]=m$4 ,all ?is1 in/ead ( disc\rag+ ! exp]i5c$ musician 7,guglielmi 0 !n fifty ye>s ( age7 only inspir$ him ) fre% en]gy4 ,he f\nd1 h[ev]1 a det]m9$ & unscrupul\s adv]s>y 9 ,paisiello1 :o fill$ ! !atre ) 8 p>tisans ! night on :i* ,guglielmi 0 to produce 8 ,s]va innamorata1 & occasion$ su* a di/urbance1 t = "s "t x 0 impossible to att5d to ! music4 ,! noise 0 especially great at ! comm5cem5t ( a c]ta9 qu9tett1 on :i*1 x 0 said1 ! success ( ! "w dep5d$4 ,guglielmi 0 celebrat$ = ! +5uity & beauty ( 8 conc]t$ pieces1 b !re did n seem to be mu* *ance1 z affairs /ood on ?is p>ticul> ev5+1 ( 8 qu9tett be+ he>d at all4 ,=tunately1 :ile x 0 be+ execut$1 ! door ( ! royal box op5$1 & ! k+ appe>$4 ,in/antly ! mo/ pr(\nd sil5ce reign$ ?r\gh\t ! !atre1 ! piece 0 recomm5c$1 & ,guglielmi 0 sav$4 ,m ?an t1 ! en?usiasm ( ! audi5ce 0 rais$1 & w5t on increas+ to su* a po9t1 t at ! end ( ! p]=mance ! compos] 0 tak5 f 8 box1 & c>ri$ home 9 triumph to 8 hotel4 ,f ?is mom5t ,paisiello1 ) all 8 jeal\sy1 0 oblig$ to discont9ue 8 intrigues aga9/ a musician1 :om ,naples _h once m adopt$4 ,cim>osa _h tak5 no "p 9 ! plot aga9/ ,guglielmi2 b he 0 by no means delight$ ) ,guglielmi's success4 ,pr9ce ,san ,sev]o1 :o admir$ ! works ( all ?ree1 invit$ !m to a magnific5t banquet :]e he made !m embrace "o ano!r1 & swe> et]nal fri5d%ip4#fc ,let u hope t he 0 n ! cause ( ei!r ( !m committ+ p]jury4 ,sid5ote3 ,,f9ales4 ,paisiello seems to h be5 an intrigu] all 8 life1 & to h be5 con/antly 9 dread ( rivals2 ?\gh he probably _h less reason to fe> !m ?an any o!r compos] ( ! p]iod4 ,h[ev]1 at ! age ( sev5ty-five1 :5 he _h giv5 up writ+ altoge!r1 we f9d him1 a few mon?s be=e 8 dea?1 gett+ up a cabal aga9/ ! y\?ful ,ross9i1 :o 0 inde$ de/9$ to eclipse him1 & to efface ev5 ! memory ( 8 ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia1 by 8 own admirable op]a on ! same subject4 ,x is z if1 pa9t+ on ! same canvas1 he _h simply pa9t$ out ! "w ( 8 pr$ecessor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,cim>osa1 ?\gh he may h possess$ a m dignifi$ s5se ?an ,paisiello ( :at 0 due to himself1 _h less vanity4 ,a /ory is told ( a pa9t] wi%+ to flatt] ! compos] ( ,il ,matrimonio ,segretto1 & say+ t he look$ ^u him z sup]ior to ,moz>t4 ,sup]ior to ,moz>t6 exclaim$ ,cim>osa4 ,:at %\ld y ?9k1 ,sir1 ( a musician1 :o told y t y 7 a great] pa9t] ?an ,raphael8 99 99 99 99 99 ,among ! o!r compos]s :o adorn$ ! end ( ! eighte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 may be m5tion$ ,sac*9i1 ! successor ( ,picc9ni 9 ,p>is2 ,sali]i1 ! envi\s rival ( ,moz>t1 & 79 ,p>is7 ! successor ( ,gluck2 ,pa]1 9 ^: ,camilla ,ross9i play$ ! *ild's "p at ! age ( sev5 7#agii72 ,may]1 ! future ma/] ( ,donizetti2 & ,z+>elli1 ! future ma/] ( ,bell9i1 "o ( ^: op]as 0 f\nd$ on ! same libretto :i* aft]w>ds s]v$ ! pupil = 8 ,capuletti i ,montec*i4 99 99 99 99 99 ,picc9ni is n connect$ 9 any direct mann] ) ! pres5t day2 b x is nev]!less to ,picc9ni t we owe ! fir/ idea ( ^? magnific5t f9ales :i*1 m ?an half a c5tury aft]w>ds1 contribut$ s mu* to ! success ( ,ross9i's op]as1 & ( :i* ! fir/ complete specim5s1 includ+ sev]al movem5ts ) *anges ( key & ( rhy?m1 occur 9 ,la ,cec*9a ossia la ,buona ,figliuola1 produc$ at ,rome 9 #agfj4 ,logrosc9o1 :o sometimes passes z ! inv5tor ( ^! f9ales1 & :o liv$ a qu>t] ( a c5tury e>li]1 wrote !m only on "o !me4 ,! compos] :o introduc$ dramatic f9ales into s]i\s op]a1 0 ,paisiello4 ,x may int]e/ ! read] to "k1 t ! f9ale ( ,don ,giovanni la/s fifte5 m9utes4 ,t ( ! ,b>b] ( ,seville la/s tw5ty-"o m9utes & a-half4 ,t ( ,otello la/s tw5ty-f\r m9utes4 ,sid5ote3 ,,f9ales4 ,! qu9tett ( ,gazza ,ladra la/s tw5ty-sev5 m9utes4 ,! f9ale ( ,semiramide la/s half an h\r--or p]haps a m9ute or two less1 if we all[ = ! increas$ velocity at :i* quick movem5ts are tak5 by ! conductors ( ! pres5t day4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,op]a ,,9 ,,france1 ,,aft] ,,! ,,dep>ture ,,( ,,gluck4 ,a few mon?s be=e ,gluck left ,p>is = ! la/ "t1 an insurrection broke out at ! ,op]a4 ,! revolution>y _s 0 abroad 9 ,p>is4 ,! success ( ! ,am]ican ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 ! tumultu\s meet+s ( ! ,fr5* ,p>liam5t1 ! increas+ resi/ance to au?ority :i* n[ manife/$ itself ev]y:]e 9 ,france2 all ^! /imulants to revolt seem to h tak5 effect on ! s+]s & danc]s ( ! ,acadmie4 ,! company resolv$ to c>ry on ! !atre itself1 = its own b5efit1 & ! director1 ,devismes1 0 call$ ^u to abdicate4 ,! pr9cipal insurg5ts held :at !y call$ ,congress1 at ! h\se ( ,madele9e ,guim>d1 & ! ,god ( ,danc+1 ,augu/e ,ve/ris1 decl>$ l\dly t he 0 ! ,wa%+ton ( ! affair4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mademoiselle ,,guim>d4 ,e day "s fre% act ( insubord9ation 0 committ$1 & ! *iefs ( ! plot _h to be =c$ to appe> on ! /age by ! direct int]f]5ce ( ! police4 ,! m9i/] desires me to dance1 said ,mademoiselle ,guim>d on "o ( ^! occasions2 eh bi5 qu'il y pr5ne g>de1 je p\rrais bi5 le faire saut]4 ,! influ5tial lead] j nam$ conduct$ ! intrigue ) great skill & discretion4 ,"o ?+1 above all6 %e said to h] fell[ conspirators2 no comb9$ resignations1--t is :at ru9$ ! ,p>liam5t4 ,to ! m9i/]1 ,amelot1 ! de/roy] & recon/ructor ( ! ,p>liam5t ( ,dijon1 ,sophie ,arn\ld obs]v$1 9 ref]5ce to 8 int]f]5ce ) ! affairs ( ! ,acadmie--- ,y %\ld rememb]1 t x is easi] to compose a p>liam5t ?an to compose an op]a4 ,augu/e ,ve/ris hav+ spok5 v insol5tly to ,devismes1 ! latt] said to him--- ,d y "k1 sir1 to :om y are speak+8 ,to :om8 to ! f>m] ( my tal5t1 repli$ ! danc]4 ,?+s 7 br\ght to a crisis by ! ftes giv5 to celebrate ! bir? ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette's fir/ *ild1 ,decemb]1 #aggh4 ,! city ( ,p>is propos$ to sp5d enorm\s sums 9 fe/ivities & illum9ations2 b ! k+ & que5 b5evol5tly sugge/$ t1 in/ead ( be+ wa/$ 9 useless display1 ! money %\ld be giv5 away 9 m>riage portions to a hundr$ des]v+ "y girls2 & _! maje/ies gave fifty ?\s& francs !mselves = ! same object4 ,los+ sight ( ! ,op]a = ! mom5t1 ,i mu/ relate1 9 z few words z possible1 a *>m+ little anecdote t is told ( "o ( ! applicants = a d[ry4 ,lise 0 ! "n ( ?is innoc5t & nave "y p]son1 :o1 on be+ ask$ "s "q respect+ h] lov]1 repli$1 t %e _h none2 & t %e ?\ght ! municipality provid$ ev]y?+6 ,! municipality f\nd ! necess>y admir]1 & c\ld h _h no difficulty 9 do+ s1 if we may judge f ! graceful bu/ ( ,lise1 execut$ 9 m>ble by ! celebrat$ sculptor1 ,h\don4 ,! ,acadmie1 :i* at ?is "t belong$ to ! city1 det]m9$ to foll[ its example1 & to give away at lea/ "o m>riage portion4 ,twelve hundr$ francs 7 subscrib$ & plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ,mademoiselle ,guim>d1 ! treasur] elect4 ,! nuptial banquet 0 to take place at ! w9t] ,vauxhall 7,gallic ,wauxhall72 & all ,p>is 0 9 a /ate ( eag] excitem5t to be pres5t at :at promis$ to be a mo/ brilliant & orig9al ent]ta9m5t4 ,x 0 n all[$1 h[ev]1 to take place1 ! au?orities *oos+ to look ^u x z a p>ody ( ! fte giv5 by ! city4 ,sid5ote3 ,,augu/e ,,ve/ris4 ,! doors ( ! ,wauxhall be+ clos$ to ! subscrib]s1 ,mademoiselle ,guim>d invit$ !m to meet at h] palace1 9 ! ,*ausse d',ant94 ,! municipality aga9 int]f]$2 & 9 ! middle ( ! banquet ,ve/ris & ,daub]val 7 arre/$ by lettres de ca*et & tak5 to ,=-l',evque1 on ! gr\nd t !y _h refus$ to dance ! ,tuesday previ\s 9 ! div]tissem5t ( ,armide4 ,gaetan ,ve/ris 0 pres5t at ! arre/ ( 8 son1 & excit$ ! mir? ( ! assembly by ! pomp\s1 ?\gh affectionate1 mann] 9 :i* he bade him f>ewell4 ,aft] embrac+ him t5d]ly1 he said-- ,g1 ,augu/us2 g to prison4 ,?is is ! gr&e/ day ( y\r life6 ,take my c>riage1 & ask = ! room ( my fri5d1 ! ,k+ ( ,pol&2 & live magnific5tly--*>ge ev]y?+ to me4 ,on ano!r occasion1 :5 ,gaetan 0 n s well pleas$ ) 8 ,augu/us1 he said to him3 ,:at6 ! ,que5 ( ,france does h] duty1 by reque/+ y to dance be=e ! ,k+ ( ,sw$51 & y d n d y\rs8 ,y %all no long] be> my "n4 ,i w h no misund]/&+ betwe5 ! h\se ( ,ve/ris & ! h\se ( ,b\rbon2 !y h hi!rto always liv$ on good t]ms4 ,= 8 refusal to dance1 ,augu/us 0 ?is "t s5t5c$ to six mon?s' imprisonm5t2 b ! op]a go]s 7 s eag] = 8 re-appe>ance t he 0 set free long be=e ! expiration ( ! appo9t$ t]m4 ,he made 8 r5tre amid ! groans & hisses ( ! audi5ce1 :o seem$ det]m9$ to give him a lesson = 8 imp]t95ce4 ,!n ,gaetan1 magnific5tly attir$1 appe>$ on ! /age1 & address$ ! public z foll[s3-- ,y wi% my son to g d[n on 8 knees4 ,i d n say t he does n des]ve y\r displeasure2 b rememb]1 t ! danc] :om y h s (t5 applaud$ has n /udi$ ! pose y n[ require ( him4 ,let him speak2 let him endeav\r to ju/ify himself1 cri$ a voice f ! pit4 ,he %all speak2 he %all ju/ify himself1 repli$ ! fa!r4 ,&1 turn+ to 8 son1 he add$3 ,dance1 ,augu/e6 ,augu/e danc$2 & e "o 9 ! !atre applaud$4 ,! or*e/ra took no "p 9 ! op]atic insurrection2 & we h se5 t ! musicians 7 n invit$ to contribute any?+ to ! d[ry1 (f]$ by ! ,acadmie to virtue 9 love & 9 di/ress4 ,de ,vismes propos$ to rew>d 8 in/rum5tali/s by giv+ up to !m a ?ird ( ! receipts f "s special repres5tation ( ,gluck's ,iphignie en ,tauride4 ,! b& reject$ ! (f]1 z n suffici5tly lib]al1 & by refus+ to play on ! ev5+ 9 "q1 made ! p]=mance a failure4 ,! ,academic revolt 0 at la/ put an end to1 by ! city ( ,p>is cancell+ de ,vismes's lease1 & tak+ ^u itself ! managem5t ( ! !atre1 de ,vismes receiv+ a l>ge sum 9 comp5sation1 & ! appo9tm5t ( director at a fix$ sal>y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,beaum>*ais ,,& ,,gluck4 ,beaum>*ais1 :ile assi/+ ! national revolution ) ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o1 is kn[n to h aid$ 9 a m direct mann] ! revolution :i* 0 n[ imm95t at ! op]a4 ,x is said1 t he 0 anxi\s to e/abli% an op]atic republic 9 ! hope ( be+ made presid5t ( x himself4 ,he is kn[n to h be5 a good musician4 ,i h spok5 ( 8 hav+ held ! hon\rable1 if n lucrative1 po/ ( music-ma/] to ! daught]s ( ,l\is ,,xv4 7by :om he 0 z well paid z 0 ,picc9ni by t mon>*'s successor72#fd & a bett] pro( ( 8 tal5t is af=d$1 by 8 hav+ compos$ all ! music ( 8 ,b>b] ( ,seville & ,m>riage ( ,fig>o1 except ! air ( ,malbrook 9 ! latt] com$y4 ,beaum>*ais _h be5 mu* impress$ by ! g5ius ( ,gluck4 ,he met him "o ev5+ 9 ! foy] ( ! ,op]a1 & spoke to him s cle>ly & s well ab\t music t ! great compos] said to him3 ,y mu/ surely be ,m4 de ,beaum>*ais4 ,!y agre$ to write an op]a toge!r1 & "s ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 ,gluck _h left ,p>is = ,vi5na1 ! poet s5t ! compos] ! libretto ( ,t>>e4 ,gluck wrote to say t he 0 delight$ ) ! "w1 b t he 0 n[ too old to und]take ! task ( sett+ x to music1 & w\ld entru/ x to 8 fav\rite pupil1 ,sali]i4 ,gluck b5efit$ ,fr5* op]a 9 two ways4 ,he end[$ ! ,acadmie ) sev]al ma/]-pieces1 & moreov]1 de/roy$1 or 0 ! ma9 in/rum5t 9 de/roy+1 its old rp]toire1 :i* aft] ! works ( ,gluck & ,picc9ni 0 f\nd intol]able4 ,x 0 n[ no long] ! fa%ion to exclude =eign compos]s f ! fir/ musical !atre 9 ,france1 & ,gluck & ,picc9ni 7 foll[$ by ,sac*9i & ,sali]i4 ,/range to say1 ,sac*9i1 :5 he fir/ made 8 appe>ance at ! ,acadmie ) 8 ,olympiade1 0 depriv$ ( a he>+ ?r\gh ! jeal\sy ( ,gluck1 :o1 on be+ in=m$1 at ,vi5na1 t ! "w 9 "q 0 9 rehe>sal1 hurri$ to ,p>is & _h influ5ce en\gh to get x )drawn4 ,worse ?an ?is1 :5 ! ,olympiade 0 produc$ at ! ,comdie ,itali5ne1 ) great success1 ,gluck & 8 p>tisans put a /op to ! repres5tation by en=c+ "o ( ! privileges ( ! ,acadmie1 :i* r5d]$ x illegal = any o!r !atre to p]=m op]as ) *oruses or ) m ?an sev5 s+]s on ! /age4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,gluck4 ,no "w by ,sac*9i or ,sali]i 0 produc$ at ! ,acadmie until aft] ! !atre 9 ! ,palais ,royal 0 burnt d[n1 9 #agha4 ,9 ?is fire1 :i* took place ab\t eighte5 mon?s aft] ,gluck _h retir$ f ,p>is1 & five mon?s aft] ! production ( ,picc9ni's ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris1 ! old rp]toire w\ld seem to h be5 consum$1 = no op]a by ,lulli 0 aft]w>ds play$ 9 ,france1 & only "o by ,rameau1--,ca/or & ,pollux1 :i*1 reviv$ 9 #agia1 0 n fav\rably receiv$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 9 ,june1 #agha1 aft] a repres5tation ( ,gluck's ,orphe1 t ! ,acadmie ,royale 0 burnt to ! gr\nd4 ,coronis 7music by ,rey1 ! conductor ( ! or*e/ra7 0 ! la/ piece ( ! ev5+1 & be=e x 0 f9i%$1 dur+ ! div]tissem5t1 "o ( ! sc5es caught fire4 ,daub]val1 ! pr9cipal danc]1 _h en\gh pres5ce ( m9d to ord] ! curta9 d[n at once4 ,! public want$ no m ( ,coronis1 & w5t quietly away )\t call+ = ! conclusion ( ,rey's op]a1 & )\t hav+ ! lea/ idea ( :at 0 tak+ place beh9d ! curta94 ,9 ! mean:ile ! fire _h spread on ! /age beyond ! possibility ( ext9ction4 ,s+]s1 danc]s1 musicians1 & sc5e-%ift]s1 ru%$ 9 t]ror f ! !atre1 & ab\t a doz5 p]sons1 :o 7 unable to escape1 p]i%$ 9 ! conflagration4 ,madele9e ,guim>d 0 ne>ly burnt to dea? 9 h] dress+-room1 :i* 0 surr\nd$ by flames4 ,"o ( ! c>p5t]s1 h[ev]1 p5etrat$ into h] loge1 wrapp$ h] up 9 a c\nt]pane 7%e 0 entirely undress$71 & bore h] triumphantly ?r\gh ! fire to a place ( safety4 ,save my *ild6 save my *ild6 cri$ ,rey1 9 despair2 & z soon z he saw ! score ( ,coronis out ( dang] he w5t away1 giv+ ! flames full p]mission to burn ev]y?+ else4 ,all ! manuscripts 7 sav$1 ?anks to ! c\rage\s ex]tions ( ,lefebrvre1 ! libr>ian1 :o rema9$ bel[ 9 ! music room ev5 :ile ! /age 0 burn+1 until ! la/ %eet _h be5 remov$4 ,! ,op]a is burnt d[n1 said a ,p>isian to a ,p>isian ! next morn+4 ,s mu* ! bett]1 0 ! reply4 ,x _h be5 !re su* a "t6 ,?is rem>k 0 +5i\s b n true1 = ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique _h only be5 /&+ eighte5 ye>s4 ,x 0 burnt d[n be=e1 9 #agfh1 on :i* occasion ,voltaire1 9 a lett] to ,m4 d',arg5tal1 wrote z foll[s3 on dit que ce spectacle tait si mauvais qu'il fallait tt ou t>d que la v5geance div9e clatt4 ,! !atre de/roy$ by fire 9 #agfcfe 0 9 ! ,palais ,royal1 & x 0 recon/ruct$ on ! same spot4 ,aft] ! fire ( #agha1 ! ,porte ,/4 ,m>t9 !atre 0 built1 & ! ,op]a 0 c>ri$ on !re t5 ye>s1 aft] :i* x 0 remov$ to ! op]a-h\se 9 ! ,rue ,ri*elieu1 :i* 0 pull$ d[n aft] ! assass9ation ( ! ,duc de ,b]ri4 ,b we are advanc+ beyond ! limits ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,new ,,op]a ,,h\se4 ,! new ,op]a ,h\se 0 built 9 eighty-six days4 ,! memb]s ( ! company receiv$ ord]s n to leave ,p>is1 & dur+ ! int]val 7 paid _! sal>ies regul>ly z if = p]=m+4 ,! "w began on ! #bnd ( ,augu/1 & 0 f9i%$ on ! #bg? ( ,octob]4 ,l5oir1 ! ar*itect1 _h told ,m>ie ,anto9ette t ! !atre c\ld be complet$ 9 "t = ! fir/ p]=mance to take place on ! #cj? ( ,octob]4 ,say ! #ca/1 repli$ ! que52 & if on t day ,i receive ! key ( my box1 ,i promise y ! ,ord] ( ,/4 ,mi*ael 9 ex*ange4 ,! key 0 s5t to h] maje/y on ! #bf?1 :o n only decorat$ ,l5oir ) ! cordon ( ,/4 ,mi*ael1 b also conf]r$ on him a p5sion ( six ?\s& francs2 & on ! #bg? ! !atre 0 op5$ to ! public4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 #aghd1 ,sac*9i's ,*imne1 adapt$ f ,il ,gran ,cid1 an op]a he _h writt5 = ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #aggh1 0 produc$ at ! ,acadmie ) great success4 ,! pr9cipal "p 9 ?is "w 0 su/a9$ by ,hub]ti1 a s+] mu* admir$ by ,picc9ni1 :o wrote "s airs 9 ! cantabile /yle specially = h]1 & said t1 )\t h]1 8 op]a ( ,dido1 9 :i* %e play$ ! pr9cipal "p1 0 )\t ,dido4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze tells u t %e 0 ! fir/ true s+] :o appe>$ at ! ,acadmie4 ,grimm decl>es1 t %e sang l ,todi & act$ l ,clairon4 ,f9ally1 :5 ,madame de ,sa9t ,hub]ti 0 p]=m+ at ,/rasburgh1 9 #aghg1 a "y (fic] ( artill]y1 nam$ ,napoleon ,bonap>te1 address$ ! foll[+ witty & complim5t>y v]ses to h]3-- ,roma9s qui v\s vantez d'une illu/re orig9e ,voyez d'o dp5dait votre empire naissant3 ,didon n'eut pas de *>me assez puissant ,p\r arrt] la fuite o son amant s'ob/9e2 ,mais si l'autre ,didon1 ornem5t de ces lieux1 ,et t re9e de ,c>?age1 ,il et1 p\r la s]vir1 ab&onn ces dieux1 ,et votre beau pays s]ait encore sauvage4 ,sac*9i's fir/ op]a1 dipe ,colosse1 0 n produc$ at ! ,acadmie until #aghg1 a few mon?s aft] 8 dea?4 ,x 0 n[ no "q1 ( :e!r he 0 a wor?y successor ( ,gluck or a =midable oppon5t to ,picc9ni4 ,8 op]a 0 admir$ = itself1 & ! public applaud$ x ) g5u9e en?usiasm4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sali]i4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 ,sali]i1 ! direct inh]itor ( ,gluck's mantle 7z f> z t poetic g>m5t c\ld be transf]r$ by ! m]e w ( ! orig9al possessor7 _h br\ght out 8 ,danaides--ann\nc$ at fir/ z ! "w ( ,gluck himself & compos$ "u 8 auspices4 ,sali]i _h also set ,t>>e to music4 ,?is is ! fir/ libretto ( mod]n times1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 9 :i* ! au?or has v5tur$ to jo9 buffoon]y to trag$y--a happy alliance1 :i* p]mits ! musician to v>y 8 col\rs & display all ! res\rces ( g5ius & art4 ,! r\t9e-lov]s ( ! ,fr5* ,acadmie1 ! p$ants1 ! blund]]s1 7 indignant ) ! new "w2 & its au?or entru/$ ,fig>o ) ! task ( def5d+ x4 ,ei!r y mu/ write no?+ int]e/+1 said ,fig>o1 or fools w run y d[n4 ,! same au?or !n notices1 z a rem>kable co9cid5ce1 t ,beaum>*ais & ,da ,ponte1 at f\r hundr$ leagues di/ance f "o ano!r1 inv5t$1 at ! same "t1 ! class ( op]a s9ce kn[n z romantic4 ,beaum>*ais's ,t>>e _h be5 int5d$ = ,gluck2 ,da ,ponte's ,don ,giovanni1 z e "o kn[s1 f\nd its true compos] 9 ,moz>t4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,fr5* ,,op]a ,,be=e ,,& ,,aft] ,,! ,,revolution4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,op]a ,,dur+ ,,! ,,conv5tion4 ,a complete hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a w\ld include some?+ l a hi/ory ( ,fr5* society1 if n ( ,france g5]ally4 ,x w\ld1 at lea/1 %[ ! effect ( ! great political *anges :i* ! c\ntry has und]gone1 & w\ld rem9d u "h & !re ( h] celebrat$ victories1 & occasionally ev5 ( h] rev]ses4 ,"u ! despotism1 we h se5 h[ a simple lettre de ca*et suffic$ to condemn an abb ) a good voice1 or a "y girl ) a pretty face1 to ! ,op]a1 j z a p]son obnoxi\s to ! /ate or to any v influ5tial p]sonage 0 s5t to ! ,ba/ille4 ,dur+ ! ,reg5cy1 half ! audi5ce at ! ,op]a w5t !re drunk2 & almo/ until ! p]iod ( ! ,revolution ! abbs1 ! m\squetaires1 & ! gr&s seigneurs1 qu>rell$1 f\ght1 & behav$ 9 _m respects z if ! !atre 71 n _! own private h\se1 b _! own p>ticul> tap-room4 ,music pr(it$ by ! ,revolution1 9 s f> t ! privileges ( ! ,acadmie 7 aboli%$1 &1 z a natural consequ5ce1 a numb] ( new musical works produc$ at a v>iety ( !atres :i* w\ld o!rwise nev] h se5 ! light2 b ! position ( s+]s & danc]s 0 by no means a pleasant "o "u ! ,conv5tion1 & ! tyranny ( ! republican *iefs 0 f> m oppressive1 & ( a m brutal k9d1 ?an any t _h be5 ex]cis$ at ! ,acadmie 9 ! days ( ! mon>*y4 ,! disob$i5t daught]s1 ^: admir]s got !m inscrib$ on ! books ( ! ,op]a s z to free !m f p>5tal control1 w\ld1 "u ano!r sy/em1 h run away f home4 ,no "o1 9 practice1 0 injur$ v mu* by ! regulation1 sc&al\s & immoral z x und\bt$ly 02 =1 be=e ! "n 0 put d[n1 all ! h>m1 9 mo/ cases1 0 already done4 ,sophie ,arn\ld1 x is true1 is said to h be5 regi/]$ at ! ,op]a )\t ! cons5t ( h] "m1 &1 :at seems v extraord9>y--n at ! sugge/ion ( a lov]2 b ,madame ,arn\ld 0 q reconcil$ to h] daught]'s be+ ^u ! /age be=e %e elop$ ) ! ,c\nt de ,lauragais4 ,to put ! case briefly3 ! acadmici5s 7& above all1 ! acadmici5nes7 9 ! immoral atmosph]e ( ! c\rt1 7 ft$1 flatt]$1 & grew ri*1 ?\gh1 ow+ to _! b\ndless extravagance1 !y (t5 di$ poor3 :]eas1 dur+ ! republic1 !y met ) nei!r sympa?y nor respect1 & 9 ! wor/ days ( ! ,conv5tion liv$1 9 a m lit]al s5se ?an w\ld be readily imag9$1 almo/ b5ea? ! %ad[ ( ! guillot9e4 ,9 fav\r ( ! old ,fr5* society1 :5 x 0 at its v wor/1 t is to say1 dur+ ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xv41 x may be m5tion$ t ! k+'s mi/resses did n v5ture to brave g5]al op9ion1 s f> z to pres5t !mselves publicly at ! ,op]a4 ,madame ,dub>ry ann\nc$ m ?an once t %e int5d$ to visit ! ,acadmie1 & w5t s f> z to take boxes = h]self & suite1 b at ! la/ mom5t h] c\rage 7if c\rage & n %amelessness be ! prop] ^w7 fail$ h]1 & %e /ay$ away4 ,on ! o!r h&1 t[>ds ! end ( ?is reign1 ! lic5ti\sness ( ! c\rt _h become s great1 t brevets1 conf]r+ ! rights & privileges ( m>ri$ ladies on ladies unm>ri$1 7 introduc$4 ,any "y girl :o held a brevet de dame c\ld pres5t h]self at ! ,op]a1 :i* etiquette w\ld o!rwise h r5d]$ impossible4 ,! numb] ( ^! brevets1 says ,ba*aumont1 increas$ prodigi\sly "u ,l\is ,,xvi41 & v "y p]sons h be5 kn[n to obta9 !m4 ,fre$ ?us f ! mode/y1 simplicity1 & retirem5t ( ! virg9al /ate1 !y give !mselves up ) impunity to all sorts ( sc&als4 99 99 99 ,su* disord] has op5$ ! eyes ( ! gov]nm5t2 & ?is pr9ce1 ! fri5d ( dec5cy & morality1 has at la/ %[n himself v p>ticul> on ! subject4 ,x is n[ only by ! greate/ fav\r t "o ( ^! brevets c be obta9$4#ff ,sid5ote3 ,,op]atic ,,& ,,religi\s ,,fetes4 ,no brevets 7 requir$ ( ! fi%wom5 & *>coal m5 ( ,p>is1 :o1 on c]ta9 ftes1 su* z ! ,sov]eign's bir? day1 7 always pres5t at ! gratuit\s p]=mances giv5 at ! ,op]a4 ,on ^! occasions ! balcony 0 always res]v$ = !m1 ! *>bonni]s be+ plac$ on ! k+'s side1 ! poiss>des on ! que5's4 ,at ! close ( ! repres5tation ! p]=m]s invit$ _! fav\r$ gue/s on to ! /age1 ! or*e/ra play$ ! airs f "s popul> ballet1 & a gr& ball took place1 9 :i* ! *>bonni]s *ose _! p>tn]s f among ! op]atic danseuses1 :ile ! poiss>des gave _! h&s to ,ve/ris1 ,daub]val1 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,dur+ ,passion week & ,ea/]1 ! ,op]a 0 %ut1 b ! great op]atic vocali/s c\ld be he>d else:]e1 ei!r at ! ,jesuits' *ur* or at ! ,abbaye ( ,long*amp1 to :i* latt] e/abli%m5t x is g5]ally imag9$ t ! ,p>isian public us$ to be attract$ by ! s++ ( ! nuns4 ,:at is f> m extraord9>y is1 t ! ,p>isians always lab\r$ "u t delusion !mselves4 ,! ,p>isians1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,gr& ,op]a1 always su* f9e connoisseurs 9 music1 nev] p5etrat$ ! my/]y ( ?is incognito4 ,! rail+ & ! gre5 curta91 beh9d :i* ! voices 7 conceal$1 suffic$ to r5d] ! s+]s unrecognisable to ! dilettanti :o he>d !m con/antly at ! op]a4 ,adjo9+ ! ,jesuits' *ur* 0 a !atre1 also belong+ to ! ,jesuits1 = :i*1 betwe5 ! ye>s #afei & #agfa1 eighty pieces ( v>i\s k9ds1 includ+ trag$ies1 op]as & ballets1 7 writt54 ,"s ( ^! productions 7 9 ,lat91 "s 9 ,fr5*1 "s 9 ,lat9 & ,fr5* toge!r4 ,! virtuosi ( ! ,acadmie us$ to p]=m 9 !m & aft]w>ds proce$ to ! *ur* to s+ motets4 ,?is *ur* is s mu* ! *ur* ( ! ,op]a1 says ,fr5euse1 t ^? :o d n g to "o console !mselves by att5d+ vesp]s at ! o!r1 :]e !y f9d ! same ?+ at less co/4 ,he adds1 t an actor newly engag$1 w\ld n ?9k himself fully recognis$ unless ask$ to s+ = ! ,jesuits4 ,z = ! actresses1 9 _! honor ! price :i* w\ld be giv5 at ! door ( ! op]a is giv5 = a *air 9 ! *ur*4 ,p look out = ,urg&e1 ,arcabonne1 ,armide1 & applaud !m4 7,i h se5 !m applaud la ,moreau & la ,*rat1 at ! midnight mass47 ,^! p]=mances replace ^? :i* are susp5d$ at ! op]a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,beh9d ,,! ,,sc5es4 ,!re w\ld be no end to ?is *apt] 7& _m p]sons w\ld ?9k x bett] n writt57 if ,i 7 to ent] into details on ! subject ( ! relations betwe5 ! s+]s & danc]s ( ! ,acadmie1 & ! ,gr&s ,seigneurs ( ! p]iod4 ,i may obs]ve1 h[ev]1 t ! latt] appe> to h be5 f> m g5]\s1 )\t be+ m vici\s1 & t !y seem to h liv$ 9 bett] ta/e ?an _! mod]n imitators1 :o usually ru9 !mselves by means ( race-horses1 or1 9 ,france1 on ! ,/ock ,ex*ange4 ,! ,c\nt de ,lauragais paid an imm5se sum to ! directors ( ! ,acadmie1 to comp5sate !m = aboli%+ ! seats on ! /age 7probably imp]t95t visitors us$ to annoy him by />+ at ,sophie ,arn\ld72 ! ,duke de ,b\illon sp5t n9e hundr$ ?\s& livres on ,mademoiselle la ,gu]re 7,gluck's ,iphignie72 ! ,pr9ce de ,s\bise ne>ly z mu* on ,mademoiselle ,guim>d--:o at lea/ gave a portion ( x away 9 *>ity1 & :o1 z we h se51 0 an intellig5t patroness ( ,david1 ! pa9t]4 ,:5 ! ,pr9ce de ,gumn became insolv5t1 ! ,pr9ce de ,s\bise1 8 fa!r-9-law1 ceas$ to att5d ! ,op]a4 ,!re 7 ?ree ?\s& cr$itors1 & ! debts am\nt$ to =ty million livres4 ,! heads ( ! family felt call$ ^u to make a sacrifice1 & ! ,pr9ce de ,s\bise 0 no long] 9 a position to give petits s\p]s to 8 protges at ! ,acadmie4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! ladies ( ! ballet assembl$ 9 ! dress+-room ( ,mademoiselle ,guim>d1 _! *ief1 & prep>$ ! foll[+ t\*+1 & really v becom+ lett]1 to _! emb>rass$ patron3-- ,monseigneur1 ,accu/om$ to see y among/ u at ! repres5tations at ! ,lyrical ,!atre1 we h obs]v$ ) ! mo/ bitt] regret t y n only te> y\rself away f ! pleasures ( ! p]=mance1 b also t none ( u are n[ invit$ to ! little supp]s y us$ s frequ5tly to give1 9 :i* we _h turn by turn ! happ9ess ( int]e/+ y4 ,report has only too well in=m$ u ( ! cause ( y\r seclusion1 & ( y\r j grief4 ,hi!rto we h fe>$ to importune y1 all[+ s5sibility to give way to respect4 ,we %\ld n d>e1 ev5 n[1 to break sil5ce1 )\t ! press+ motive to :i* our delicacy is unable any long] to resi/4 ,we _h flatt]$ ourselves1 ,monseigneur1 t ! ,pr9ce de ,gumn's bankruptcy1 to employ an expression :i* is re-e*o$ 9 ! foy]s1 ! clubs1 ! newspap]s ( ,france1 & all ,europe1 w\ld n be s consid]able1 s enorm\s1 z 0 ann\nc$2 &1 above all1 t ! wise precautions tak5 by ! ,k+ to assure ! claimants ! am\nt ( _! debts1 & to avoid exp5ses & depr$ations m fatal ev5 ?an ! insolv5cy itself1 w\ld n disappo9t ! g5]al expectation4 ,b affairs are d\btless 9 su* disord]1 t !re is n[ no hope4 ,we judge ( x by ! g5]\s sacrifices to :i* ! heads ( y\r illu/ri\s h\se1 foll[+ y\r example1 h resign$ !mselves4 ,we %\ld ?9k ourselves guilty ( +ratitude1 ,monseigneur1 if we 7 n to imitate y 9 second+ y\r humanity1 & if we 7 n to return y ! p5sions :i* y\r munific5ce has lavi%$ ^u u4 ,apply ^! rev5ues1 ,monseigneur1 to ! consolation ( s _m retir$ (fic]s1 s _m poor m5 ( lett]s1 s _m un=tunate s]vants :om ,m4 le ,pr9ce de ,gumn drags into ru9 ) him4 ,z = u1 we h o!r res\rces3 & we %all h lo/ no?+1 ,monseigneur1 if we pres]ve y\r e/eem4 ,we %all ev5 h ga9$1 if1 by refus+ y\r gifts n[1 we =ce our detractors to agree t we 7 n unwor?y ( !m4 ,we are1 ) pr(\nd respect1 ,monseigneur1 ,y\r mo/ ,s]5e ,highness's v humble & devot$ ,s]vants1 ,,guim>d1 ,,he9el1 c4 ,) tw5ty o!r names4 ,sid5ote3 ,,g5]osity ,,( ,,! ,,ballet4 ,augu/e ,ve/ris sp5t & ow$ a great deal ( money2 ! fa!r hon\r$ ! engagem5ts ( ! "y danc]1 b ?reat5$ him ) imprisonm5t if he did n alt] 8 conduct1 & conclud$ by say+3--,und]/&1 ,sir1 t ,i w h no ,gumn 9 my family4 ,al?\gh ballet danc]s 7 important p]sons 9 ^? days1 !y 7 z no?+ comp>$ to ! in/itution to :i* !y belong$4 ,fig>o1 9 8 celebrat$ soliloquy1 obs]ves1 ) ref]5ce to ! great lib]ty ( ! press accord$ by ! gov]nm5t1 t provid$ he does n speak ( a great _m v diff]5t ?+s1 among :i* ! ,op]a is includ$1 he is at lib]ty to publi% :atev] he likes "u ! inspection ( ?ree or f\r c5sors4 ,beaum>*ais 0 m s]i\s ?an w\ld be g5]ally suppos$1 9 includ+ ! ,op]a among ! subjects :i* a writ] d>$ n t\* ^u1 or1 if s1 only ) ! greate/ respect4 ,r\sseau tells u 9 m ?an "o place1 t x 0 consid]$ dang]\s to say any?+ aga9/ ! ,op]a2 & ,mademoiselle ,?odore 7! int]e/+ danseuse be=e-m5tion$1 :o consult$ ! fanta/ic morali/ on ! conduct %e ought to pursue z a memb] ( ! ballet71 0 actually imprison$1 & exil$ f ,p>is = eighte5 days1 because %e _h v5tur$ to ridicule ! managem5t ( ! ,acadmie1 9 "s lett]s address$ to a private fri5d4 ,! au?or ( ! ,n\velle ,hloise %\ld h w>n$ h] to be m c>eful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,& ,,revolution4 ,on ! #ab? ,july1 #aghi1 ! bills 7 torn d[n f ! doors ( ! ,op]a4 ,! ,p>isians 7 ab\t to take ! ,ba/ille4 ,hav+ tak5 x1 !y all[$ ! ,acadmie to cont9ue its p]=mance1 & x re-op5$ on ! #ba/ ( ! same mon?4 ,9 ,w>saw1 dur+ ! demon/rations ( la/ ,m>*1 ! ,op]a 0 clos$4 ,x rema9s clos$ n[#fg 7end ( ,novemb]71 & w re-op5--nei!r ,russians nor ,poles c say :56 ,no "o te>s ! bills d[n1 because no "o ?9ks ( putt+ !m up2 x be+ p]fectly und]/ood by ! adm9i/ration1 7:i* is a dep>tm5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t71 t ! ,w>saw public are n dispos$ at pres5t = amusem5t ( any k9d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 #aghi1 ! revolution>y _s manife/$ itself among ! company engag$ at ! ,fr5* ,op]a4 ,an anonym\s lett]--or r a lett] 9 ! "n ( all ! company1 pr9t$1 b n sign$--0 address$ to ! adm9i/ration ( ! !atre4 ,x po9t$ out a numb] ( abuses1 & bore ?is epigraph1 /rongly r$ol5t ( ! p]iod3 ,tu dors ,brutus1 et ,rome e/ dans les f]s6 ,9 #agij ! city ( ,p>is assum$ once m ! managem5t ( ! ,acadmie1 ! arti/ic direction be+ entru/$ to a committee compos$ ( ! *iefs ( ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts1 & ( ! pr9cipal s+]s & danc]s4 ,"o ( ! novelties produc$ 0 a melodrama f\nd$ on passages f ! ,scriptures1 call$ ,! ,tak+ ( ! ,ba/ille1 writt5 specially = ,notre ,dame1 :]e x 0 p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t1 & :]e x 0 foll[$ by a gr& ,te ,deum4 ,9 ?is ,te ,deum few ( ! lov]s ( ! ,op]a c\ld h jo9$1 = "o ( ! fir/ effects ( ! revolution 0 naturally to drive ! be/ s+]s & danc]s away f ,p>is4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe tells u t ,mademoiselle ,guim>d 0 danc+ 9 ,london 9 #aghi4 ,madame ,hub]ti1 :o 01 by all acc\nts1 ! be/ s+] ! ,fr5* _h ev] he>d at ! ,acadmie1 left ,p>is e>ly 9 #agij4 ,we "k h[ injuri\s a di/ant w>1 a dissolution ( p>liam5t1 a dea? 9 ! royal family are to ! =tunes ( an op]atic season 9 ,london4 ,fancy :at mu/ h be5 ! effect ( ! ,fr5* revolution on ! ,acadmie aft] #aghi6 ,! subscription li/ = boxes %[$1 9 a few ye>s1 a dim9ution ( f #dge1jjj livres to #jjj1jjj6 ,"s ( ! subscrib]s _h gone into exile1 m or less volunt>y1 "s _h be5 bani%$1 o!rs _h be5 guillot9$4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 f ^: int]e/+ works ,i h obta9$ a great numb] ( p>ticul>s conc]n+ ! ,fr5* ,op]a at ! "t ( ! revolution1 tells u t ! ,que5 us$ to pay #g1jjj livres = h] box4 ,! ,duke d',orlans paid #g1jjj = 8 own private box1 & jo9$ ! ,duke de ,*oiseul & ,neck] 9 a subscription ( #c1bjj francs = ano!r4 ,! ,pr9cess de ,lamballe & ,madame de ,g5lis gave #c1fjj francs = a po/ *aise2 7!re 7 o!r boxes1 call$ spittoons--! baignoires ( ! pres5t day--cymbals1 c42 names :i* !y evid5tly ow$ to _! position & =m74 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re 7 #bhh free admissions1 ( :i*1 ?irty-two 7 giv5 to au?ors1 & eight to newspap]s--,la ,gazette de ,france1 ,le ,j\rnal de ,p>is1 & ,le ,m]cure4 ,! rema9+ #bdh 7 res]v$ = ! ,htel de ,ville1 ! ,k+'s ,h\sehold1 ! actors ( ! ,comdie ,franaise1 & ! s+]s & danc]s ( ! ,op]a itself4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,& ,,revolution4 ,! h[l+ ( ! a ira put an end = ev] to ! ,conc]t ,spirituel1 :]e ! ,p>isians = ne>ly eighty ye>s _h be5 9 ! habit ( he>+ excell5t in/rum5tal soloi/s1 & "s ( ! be/ ( ! ,italian s+]s1 :5 !re 0 z yet no ,italian ,op]a 9 ,p>is4 ,! la/ conc]t spirituel took place at ! !atre ( ! ,tuil]ies 9 #agia4 ,l\is ,,xvi4 & 8 family fl$ f ,p>is on ! #bh? ,june1 #agia4 ,! next day1 & be=e ! k+ 0 br\ght back to ! ,tuil]ies1 ! title ( ! *ief lyric !atre 0 *ang$1 & f ! ,acadmie ,royale became simply ! ,op]a4 ,at ! same "t ! cu/om 0 introduc$ ( ann\nc+ ! p]=m]s' names1 :i* 0 evid5tly an advantage = ! public1 & :i* 0 also n )\t its b5efit1 = ! inf]ior s+]s & danc]s :o1 :5 !y unexpect$ly made _! appe>ance to replace _! bett]s1 us$ (t5 to get hiss$ 9 a mann] :i* _! own simple want ( m]it sc>cely ju/ifi$4 ,e/ ce que je savais qu'on l*]ait le ,pon?ieu8 exclaim$ an unhappy ticket-sell] "o ev5+1 :5 an indignant amateur ru%$ out ( ! !atre & began to cane ! recipi5t ( 8 ill-sp5t money4 ,we may fancy h[ ,pon?ieu himself mu/ h be5 receiv$ inside ! h\se4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,m>ie ,,anto9ette4 ,by an ord] ( ! ,committee ( ,public ,safety1 dat$ ! #af? ( ! ,septemb] foll[+1 ! title ( ! ,op]a 0 aga9 *ang$ to ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique4 ,?is 0 int5d$ z a complim5t to ! k+1 :o _h sign$ ! ,con/itution on ! #ad?1 & :o 0 to g to ! ,op]a six days aft]w>ds4 ,on ! #bj? ! royal visit took place4 ,ca/or & ,pollux 0 play$1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 & n ,iphignie en ,aulide1 z is ass]t$ by "s ill-in=m$ hi/orians1 :o ev5 g s f> z to pret5d t ! *orus ,*antons1 clbrons notre re9e 01 z on ano!r occasion1 hail$ ) transports ( en?usiasm1 & t ! public call$ = x a second "t4 ,! h\se 0 well fill$1 b n cramm$#fh 7comble71 z is prov$ by ! am\nt ( ! receipts--#f1fhf livres1 #ae s\s4 ,! same op]a ( ,rameau's1 vamp$ by ,c&eille1 _h produc$ #f1heg livres on ! #ad? ( ! prec$+ ,june4 ,! repres5tation ( ,ca/or & ,pollux 9 pres5ce ( ! royal family took place on ,tuesday ! #bj? ,septemb]1 & n on ! #ba/1 ! ,w$nesday1 at t "t1 n be+ an op]a night4 ,on ! #ai?1 ,monday1 ! p _h assi/$ at a special p]=mance ( ! same "w giv51 gratuit\sly1 9 hon\r ( ! ,con/itution4 ,! ,royali/s 7 pres5t 9 great numb]s at ! repres5tation ( ! #bj? ,septemb]1 & "s l9es :i* c\ld be appli$ to ! ,que5 7 l\dly applaud$4 ,m>ie-,anto9ette 0 delight$1 & said to ! ladies :o accompani$ h]1 ,y see t ! p is really good1 & wi%es only to love u4 ,enc\rag$ by s flatt]+ a reception1 %e det]m9$ to g ! next night to ! ,opra ,comique1 b ! k+ refus$ to accompany h]4 ,! piece p]=m$ 0 ,les ,evnem5ts imprvus4 ,9 ! duet ( ! second act1 be=e s++ ! words ,ah comme j'aime ma maitresse ,madame ,dugazon look$ t[>ds ! ,que51 :5 a numb] ( voices cri$ out f ! pit1 ,plus de maitresse6 ,plus de maitre6 ,vive la lib]t6 ,?is cry 0 answ]$ f ! boxes ) ,vive la re9e6 ,vive le roi6 ,sabres & sword-/icks 7 drawn1 & a battle began4 ,sid5ote3 ,,facts ,,& ,,co9cid5ces4 ,! ,que5 escap$ f ! !atre 9 ! mid/ ( ! tumult4 ,cries ( bas la re9e6 foll[$ h] to h] c>riage1 :i* w5t (f at a gallop1 ) mud & /ones ?r[n aft] x4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette return$ to ! ,tuil]ies 9 despair4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,octob]1 f\rte5 days aft]w>ds1 ! title ( ,opra ,national 0 sub/itut$ = t ( ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique4 ,! ,con/itution be+ sign$1 !re 0 no long] any reason = be+ civil to ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,?is 0 ! ?ird *ange ( title 9 less ?an f\r mon?s4 ,! majority ( ! buffoons1 7,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze /ill speaks71 :o n[ write hi/ories m or less ,girondi/1 or romantic ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 d n take ! tr\ble to v]ify _! facts & dates4 ,i h told y simply t ! dauph9ess ,m>ie ,anto9ette made h] fir/ appe>ance at ! ,op]a on ! #af? ,june1 #aggc1 9 company ) h] husb&4 ,o!rs1 m +5i\s no d\bt1 sub/itute ! #ba/ ,janu>y = ! #af? ,june1 9 ord] to e/abli% a sort ( fatality by connect+ days1 mon?s & ye>s4 ,to prophecy aft] ! ev5t is only too easy1 above all1 if y take ! lib]ty ( advanc+ by five mon?s1 ! day :i* x is desir$ to r5d] fatal4 ,^! same buffoons1 7says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze71 :o n[ g to ! ,op]a on ,monday1 ,w$nesday & ,friday1 sometimes on ,sunday1 ?9k p h done ! same = ! la/ two c5turies4 ,z !y h n ! slighte/ suspicion t ! ev5+s ( p]=mance at ! ,acadmie ,royale 7 *ang$ 9 #ahag1 we f9d !m maund]+1 paddl+1 spla%+ ab\t1 & f9ally alt]+ figures & days1 9 ord] to make ! ev5ts ( ! la/ c5tury accord ) ! dates ( our own epo*4 ,t is :y we are told t ! ,royal ,family w5t = ! la/ "t to ?is !atre on ,w$nesday1 ! #ba/ ,septemb]1 #agia1 in/ead ( ,tuesday1 ! #bj?4 ,inde$ h[ is x possible to g to ! ,op]a on a ,tuesday8 ,t is :y x is /at$ ) ! mo/ laughable aplomb1 t on ! #ba/ ,octob]1 #agic1 ,rol& 0 p]=m$1 & on ! #af? ( ,octob] foll[+1 ! ,siege ( ,?ionville1 ! ,(f]+ to ,lib]ty1 & ! ballet ( ,telema*us4 ,ea* ( ^! hi/ory-writ+ noveli/s fills or empties ! h\se accord+ to 8 political op9ions2 applauds ! ,fr5* p or deplores its bl9dness2 b all ! lib]alism or s5tim5t manufactur$ by !m is ?r[n away4 ,monday1 ! #ba/ ( ,janu>y1 ,w$nesday ! #af? ( ,octob]1 #agic1 n be+ op]a nights at t "t1 ! ,op]a did n on ^? ev5+s ?r[ op5 its doors to ! public4 ,on ,tuesday1 ! #bbnd ( ,janu>y1 ! day aft] ! dea? ( ,l\ie ,,xvi41 ,rol& 0 repres5t$2 ! am\nt ( ! receipts1 #dib livres1 #h s\s1 proves t ! h\se 0 empty4 ,no free admissions 7 giv5 !n4 ,on ,tuesday1 ,octob] ! #ae?1 #agic1 ! eve ( ! execution ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 ! ,siege ( ,?ionville1 ! ,(f]+ to ,lib]ty1 ,telema*us1 9 :i* la ,citoy5ne ,p]ignon 0 to appe>--a =c$ p]=mance--only produc$ #c1bea livres4 ,on ,friday1 ! #ah? ( ,octob]1 ! next day b "o aft] ?is horrible cata/rophe1 ,armide & ! ,(f]+ to ,lib]ty--a =c$ p]=mance & some?+ m--produc$ #b1fda livres1 :i* w\ld h fill$ ab\t a ?ird ( ! h\se4#fi ,! #aj? ,augu/1 #agib1 0 ! la/ day ( ! ,fr5* mon>*y4 ,on ! ,sunday previ\s1 dur+ ! ,vesp]s said at ! ,*apel ( ! ,tuil]ies 9 pres5ce ( ! k+1 ! s+]s ) "o accord tripl$ ! s\nd ( _! voices :5 !y came to ! foll[+ v]se 9 ! ,magnificat3 ,deposuit pot5tes de s$e1 et exaltavit humiles4 ,indignant at _! audacity1 ! royali/s ?und]$ =? ! ,dom9e salvum fac regem1 add+ ^! words ) increas$ en]gy & en?usiasm1 et reg9am6 ,! greate/ excitem5t & agitation prevail$ 9 ! ,*apel dur+ ! re/ ( ! s]vice4 ,to conclude ! li/ ( musical p]=mances :i* h d]iv$ a gloomy celebrity f _! connexion ) ! la/ days ( ,l\is ,,xvi41 ,i may reproduce ! programme issu$ by ! directors ( ! ,opra ,national1 on ! fir/ anniv]s>y ( 8 execution1 #ba/ ,janu>y1 #agid4 ,,9 ,,behalf ,,( ,,& ,,= ,,! ,,p1 ,,gratis1 ,9 joyful commemoration ( ! ,dea? ( ! ,tyrant1 ,,! ,,national ,,op]a ,,w ,,give ,,to ,,day1 #f ,,pluviose1 ,,ye> ,,ii41 ,,( ,,! ,,republic1 ,,miltiades ,,at ,,m>a?on1 ,,! ,,siege ,,( ,,?ionville1 ,,! ,,(f]+ ,,to ,,lib]ty4 ,sid5ote3 ,,republican ,,celebrities4 ,! ,op]a "u ! ,republic 0 direct$1 until #agib1 by f\r di/+ui%$ sans culottes--,h5riot1 ,*aumette1 ,le ,r\x& ,hb]t1 ! la/ nam$ ( :om _h once be5 *eck-tak] at ! ,acadmie6 ,! o!rs "k no?+ :atev] ( op]atic affairs4 ,! managem5t ( ! !atre 0 aft]w>ds transf]r$ to ,francur1 "o ( ! =m] directors1 associat$ ) ,cellri]1 an ar*itect2 b ! de?ron$ impres>ii1 accompani$ by ,danton & o!r republican amateurs1 con/antly made _! appe>ance beh9d ! sc5es1 & v frequ5tly did ! *ief memb]s ( ! company ! hon\r ( supp+ ) !m4 ,9 ^! cases ! invitations1 z "u ! anci5t rgime1 proce$$1 n f ! arti/s1 b f ! arti/s' patrons2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 t "u ! republic1 ! latt] nev] paid ! bill4 ,!re 0 no ,duke de ,b\illon n[ te/ify+ 8 admiration ( ! vocal art to ! tune ( #ijj1jjj francs2#gj !re 0 no ,pr9ce de ,s\bise1 to receive f ! unit$ ballet lett]s ( condol5ce1 ?anks1 & propos$ pecuni>y assi/ance2 & if !re _h be5 su* an impossible ph5om5on z a ,c\nt de ,lauragais1 :at1 ,i wond]1 w\ld he n h giv5 to h be5 able to cle> ! c\lisses ( su* abom9able intrud]s z ! be=e nam$ republican *iefs8 ,! *iefs ( ! republic1 "o & indivisible1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 7 v fond ( moi/5+ _! ?roats4 ,h5riot1 ,danton1 ,hb]t1 ,le ,r\x1 ,*aumette1 _h h>dly tak5 a turn 9 ! c\lisses or 9 ! foy]1 be=e !y said to su* an actor or actress3 ,we are go+ to y\r room1 see t we are receiv$ prop]ly4 ,a sup]b collation 0 br\ght 94 ,:5 ! repa/ 0 f9i%$ & ! bottles 7 empty1 ! national conv5tion1 ! commune ( ,p>is beat a retreat )\t tr\bl+ itself ab\t ! exp5se4 ,y ?9k1 p]haps1 t ! danc] or ! s+] paid = ! repres5tatives ( ! p8 ,n at all2 hone/ ,mang91 :o kept ! refre%m5t room ( ! !atre1 knew p]fectly well t ! actors ( ! ,op]a 7 n paid1 t !y _h no sort ( money1 n ev5 a rag ( an assignat2 he made a sacrifice2 f delicacy he did n ask f ! arti/s :at he w\ld n h d>$ to claim f ! sans culottes = fe> ( ! guillot9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sometimes ! execution]1 :o1 z a public (ficial1 _h a "r to 8 entres1 made 8 appe>ance beh9d ! sc5es1 & x is said t 9 a faceti\s mood1 he w\ld sometimes express 8 op9ion ab\t ! execution ( ! music4 ,s1 ,i am told1 ! ,london hangman w5t "o night to ! pit ( ,h] ,maje/y's ,!atre to he> ,j5ny ,l9d1 & on see+ ! ,sw$i% night+ale1 exclaim$1 brea?less ) admiration & excitem5t1 ,:at a ?roat to scrag6 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,agreeable ,,critics4 ,op]atic k+s & que5s 7 suppress$ by ! republic4 ,n only 7 !y =bidd5 to appe> on ! /age1 b ev5 _! names 7 n to be pron\nc$ beh9d ! sc5es1 & ! expressions ct du roi1 ct de la re9e1 7 *ang$ into ct j>d91 ct c\r1 :i* at ! !atre ( ! ,tuil]ies indicat$ respectively ! left & "r ( ! /age1 f ! /age po9t ( view4 ,at fir/ all pieces 9 :i* k+s & que5s appe>$1 7 prohibit$1 b ! dramas ( sans culottes orig9 7 s /upid & disgu/+1 t ! republic 0 absolutely oblig$ to return to ! old mon>*ical rp]toire4 ,! k+s1 h[ev]1 7 turn$ into *iefs2 pr9ces & dukes became repres5tatives ( ! p2 seigneurs subsid$ into mayors2 & sub/itutes m or less synonym\s1 7 f\nd = su* (f5sive words z cr[n1 ?rone1 sceptre1 c4 ,9 a new republican v]sion ( a lyrical "w repres5t$ at ! ,op]a ,comique1 le roi 9 "o well kn[n l9e 0 replac$ by la loi1 & ! vocali/ _h to declaim ,la loi passait1 et le tamb\r battait aux *amps4 ,a c]ta9 voluble executant1 h[ev]1 is said to h pref]r$ ! foll[+ em5dation3 ,le p\voir excutif passait1 et le tamb\r battait aux *amps4 ,! sc5es ( mo/ ( ! new op]as 7 laid 9 ,italy1 ,prussia1 ,portugal1--any:]e b 9 ,france1 :]e x w\ld h be5 indisp5sable1 f a political1 & impossible f a poetical1 po9t ( view to make ! lov]s address "o ano!r z citoy51 citoy5ne4 99 99 99 99 99 ,on ! #ai? ( ,june1 #agic1 ! directors ( ! ,op]a hav+ object$ to give a gratuit\s p]=mance ( ,! ,siege ( ,?ionville1 ! commune ( ,p>is issu$ ! foll[+ edict3 ,consid]+ t = a long "t pa/ ! ari/ocracy has tak5 refuge 9 ! adm9i/ration ( v>i\s !atres2 ,consid]+ t ^! g5tlem5 corrupt ! public m9d by ! pieces !y repres5t2 ,consid]+ t !y ex]cise a fatal influ5ce on ! revolution2 ,x is decre$ t ! ,siege ( ,?ionville %all be repres5t$ gratis & solely = ! amusem5t ( ! sans culottes1 :o1 to ?is mom5t h be5 ! true def5d]s ( lib]ty & support]s ( democracy4 ,soon aft]w>ds x 0 propos$ to %ut up ! ,op]a1 b ,hb]t1 ! f]oci\s ,hb]t1 bett] kn[n z le pre ,du*sne1 und]took its def5ce on ! gr\nd t x procur$ subsi/5ce = a numb] ( families1 & caus$ ! agreeable arts to fl\ri%4 ,x 0 !reupon resolv$ t ! ,op]a %\ld be enc\rag$ & def5d$ aga9/ its enemies4 ,at ! same "t ! manag]s ,cellri] & ,francur 7 arre/$ z suspects4 ,nei!r ( !m 0 execut$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,m>ati/es ,,aga94 ,! ,op]a 0 n[ once m plac$ "u ! direction ( a committee *os5 f among ! s+]s & danc]s1 :o 7 select$ ?is "t1 n by reason ( _! arti/ic m]it1 b solely ) ref]5ce to _! political pr9ciples4 ,lays1 "o ( ! *ief manag]s1 0 a furi\s democrat1 & on "o occasion insi/$ on ,mademoiselle ,maill>d 7,gluck's ,armida67 appe>+ 9 a procession z ! ,goddess ( ,reason4 ,mademoiselle ,maill>d hav+ refus$1 ,*aumette 0 appeal$ to4 ,! argum5ts he employ$ 7 simple b conv9c+4 ,well1 citoy5ne1 he said1 s9ce y refuse to be a div9ity1 y mu/ n be a/oni%$ if we treat y z a mortal4 ,=tunately = ! poor prima donna1 ,mormoro1 a memb] ( ! ,commune ( ,p>is1 & a rag+ ,m>ati/e 7:i* has n q ! same mean+ n[ z 9 ! days ( ! ,todi/es7 claim$ ! obnoxi\s "p = 8 unhappy wife4 ,! beautiful ,madame ,mormoro 0 =c$ to appe> 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is 9 ! light & airy co/ume ( an antique ,goddess1 ) ! !rmomet] at tw5ty degrees bel[ freez+ po9t6 ,reason n unreasonably wept ) annoyance ?r\gh\t ! c]emony4 99 99 99 99 99 ,lon>d ,b\rdon1 call$ by ^? :o knew him ,lop>d ,b\rdon1 us$ all 8 influ5ce1 z a di/+ui%$ memb] ( ! ,m\nta91 to get a "w he _h prep>$ = ! ,op]a produc$4 ,8 piece 0 call$ ! ,tomb ( ! ,impo/ors1 or ! ,inauguration ( ! ,temple ( ,tru?4 ,x 0 pr9t$ at ! exp5se ( ! ,republic1 b nev] br\ght out4 ,9 ! fir/ sc5e ! /age repres5ts a *ur*1 built ) human skulls4 ,9 ! sanctu>y !re is to be a f\nta9 ( blood4 ,a woman ent]s to confess1 ! prie/ behaves atroci\sly 9 ! confessional1 c41 c4 ,! sc5es & incid5ts ?r\gh\t ! drama are all 9 ! same /yle1 & ! :ole is d$icat$ 9 an uncomplim5t>y epi/le to ! ,pope4 ,lop>d torm5t$ ! directors actors1 & actresses1 night & day1 to produce 8 ma/]-piece1 & ?reat5$1 t if !y 7 n quick ab\t x1 he w\ld h a guillot9e erect$ on ! /age4 ,?is ?reat 0 n q s va9 z x might seem4 ,a li/ ( tw5ty-two p]sons engag$ at ! ,op]a 7tw5ty-two--! fatal numb] dur+ ! ,reign ( ,t]ror71 _h be5 already drawn up by ,hb]t1 z a sort ( execution]'s memor&um4 ,:5 he 0 9 a good hum\r he w\ld %[ x to ! s+]s & danc]s1 & say to !m ) easy famili>ity2 ,i %all h to s5d y all to ! guillot9e "s day4 ,two reasons h prev5t$ me hi!rto2 9 ! fir/ place y are n wor? ! tr\ble1 9 ! second ,i want y = my amusem5t4 ,^! reasons 7 n consid]$ q satisfactory by ! proscrib$ arti/s1 & ,beaupr1 a comic danc] ( great tal5t1 contriv$ by v>i\s humor\s /ratagems 7"o ( :i*1 & d\btless ! mo/ readily =giv51 consi/$ 9 intoxicat+ ,hb]t71 to ga9 possession ( ! fatal li/2 b ! day aft]w>ds ! republican dilettante 0 always suffici5tly recov]$ f ! effects ( 8 excessive potations to draw up ano!r "o exactly l x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,dang]\s ,,melodies4 ,at ! head ( ! catalogue ( suspect$ ones figur$ ! "n ( ,la9ez1 :om ! republicans c\ld n p>don = ! en]gy & expression ) :i* he _h sung ! air ,*antez1 clbrez votre re9e1 at ! la/ p]=mances ( ,iphignie en ,aulide2 & t ( ,mademoiselle ,maill>d1 ^: crime has be5 already m5tion$4 ,at ?is p]iod x 0 dang]\s n only to s+ ! words1 b ev5 to hum or :i/le ! music ( su* airs z ! a=esaid ,*antez1 clbrez votre re9e1 ,o ,ri*>d o mon roi6 ,*>mante ,gabrielle1 & _m o!rs1 among :i* may be m5tion$ ,pauvre ,jacques--an adaptation ( ,dibd9's ,poor ,jack1 9 :i* allusions _h be5 discov]$ to ! fate ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,inde$1 to p]=m any k9d ( music might be fatal to ! executant1 & ?us ,mesdemoiselles de ,sa9t ,lg]1 two "y ladies liv+ 9 ,arras1 7 execut$ = hav+ play$ ! piano ! day t ,val5ci5nes fell into ! h&s ( ! enemy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mademoiselle ,maill>d1 mu* z %e dete/$ ! republicans1 0 =c$1 on "o occasion1 to s+ a republican hymn4 ,:5 ,la9ez complim5t$ h] on ! w>m? ( h] expression1 ! vig\r ( h] execution1 %e repli$1 ,i 0 burn+ ) rage at hav+ to s+ to su* mon/]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ve/ris1 ! ,pr9ce de ,gumn ( ! ,ve/ris family1 he :o _h be5 accus$ by 8 fa!r ( wi%+ to produce a misund]/&+ betwe5 ! ,ve/rises & ! ,b\rbons1 _h to dance 9 a pas de trois z a sans culottes1 betwe5 two nuns6 ,sophie ,arn\ld1 accus$ 7& n q unreasonably71 ( ari/ocratic sympa?ies1 po9t$ indignantly to a bu/ ( ,gluck 9 h] room1 & ask$ ! intellig5t ag5ts ( ! ,republic1 if x 0 likely %e w\ld keep ! bu/ ( ,m>at 7 %e n a true republican8 99 99 99 99 99 ,! vocali/s ( a revolution>y turn ( m9d w\ld h succe$$ bett] if !y _h possess$ m tal5t2 b ! ,p>isian public1 ev5 9 #agic1 0 n prep>$ to accept correctness 9 politics z an excuse = inaccuracy 9 s++4 ,lefvre1 a six? t5or1 b a blood?ir/y republican1 insi/$ on be+ promot$ to fir/ *>act]s1 & ?reat5$ ^? :om he wi%$ to replace ) d5unciations & ! guillot9e1 if !y kept him 9 a subord9ate position any long]4 ,lefvre _h 8 wi% gratifi$ 9 "p1 b n altoge!r4 ,he appe>$ z primo t5ore1 b 0 viol5tly hiss$ by 8 fri5ds1 ! sans culottes4 ,he !n came out z fir/ bass1 & 0 hiss$ aga94 ,9 8 rage he attribut$ 8 fiasco to ! ma*9ations ( ! c\nt]-revolution1 & want$ ! soldi]s to come into ! !atre1 & fire ^u ! infam\s accomplices ( ,pitt & ,coburg4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,an ,,atroci\s ,,t5or4 ,?is bad s+]1 & worse man1 0 "o ( ! twelve *iefs ( ! ,national ,gu>d ( ,p>is1 & on c]ta9 days _h ! comm& ( ! city4 ,z 8 milit>y rule 0 mo/ oppressive1 ! ,p>isians us$ to puni% him = 8 tyranny z a soldi]1 by ridicul+ 8 mon/r\s defects z a vocali/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,?\gh ! ,reign ( ,t]ror 0 a fe>ful "t = arti/s & art1 ! numb] ( playh\ses 9 ,p>is increas$ enorm\sly4 ,!re 7 sixty-?ree !atres op51 & 9 spite ( w>1 fam9e1 & ! guillot9e1 !y 7 always full4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 #agid1 ! op]a 0 transf]r$ to ! ,rue de la ,loi 7aft]w>ds ,rue de ,ri*elieu71 imm$iately opposite ! ,national ,libr>y4 ,) reg>d to ?is *ange ( locality1 let u he> :at ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze has to say1 9 8 own words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h[ 0 x t ! op]a 0 mov$ to a build+ exactly opposite ! ,national ,libr>y1 s preci\s & s combu/ible a repository ( human k8 ,! two e/abli%m5ts 7 only sep>at$ by a /reet1 v mu* too n>r[3 if ! !atre caught fire1 0 x n sure to burn ! libr>y8 ,t is :at a great _m p]sons /ill ask2 ?is "q has be5 re-produc$ a hundr$ times 9 our j\rnals4 ,g back to ! "t :5 ! h\se 0 built by ,mademoiselle ,montansi]2 read ! ,moniteur ,univ]sel1 & y w see t x 0 precisely 9 ord] to expose ?is same libr>y to ! happy *ances ( a fire1 t ! great lyrical ent]ta9m5t 0 transf]r$ to its neighb\rhood4 ,! op]a hung ov] x1 & ?reat5$ x con/antly4 ,at ?is "t enlight5m5t ab\nd$ to su* a po9t1 t ! judici\s ,h5riot1 conv9c$ 9 8 inn]mo/ consci5ce t all read+ 0 h5ce=? useless1 _h made a motion to burn ! libr>y4 ,to move ! op]a to ! ,rue ,ri*elieu--! op]a1 :i* twice 9 eighte5 ye>s _h be5 a prey to ! flames--to place x exactly opposite our lit]>y treasures1 0 to multiply to inf9ity ! *ances ( _! be+ burnt4' 99 99 99 99 99 ,m]ci]1 9 ref]5ce to ! lit]>y views ( ! ,committee ( ,public ,safety1 writes 9 ! ,n\veau ,p>is1 z foll[s3-- 99 99 99 99 99 ,! language ( ,om> ab\t ! ,koran 0 n m t]rible ?an ^? utt]$ by ! memb]s ( ! committee ( public safety :5 !y express$ _! int5tions =mally1 z foll[s3--',yes1 we w burn all ! libr>ies1 = no?+ w be ne$$ b ! hi/ory ( ! ,revolution & its laws4' ,if ! motion ( ,h5riot _h be5 c>ri$1 ,david1 ! great ,conv5tional pa9t] 0 ready to propose t ! same s]vice %\ld be r5d]$ to ! ma/]pieces 9 ! ,l\vre1 z to ! lit]>y weal? ( ! ,national ,libr>y4 ,republican subjects1 accord+ to ,david1 7 alone wor?y ( be+ repres5t$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,op]a ,,& ,,! ,,national ,,libr>y4 ,at "o ( ! sitt+s ( ! v c\ncil 9 :i* ,h5riot _h already br\ght =w>d 8 motion = burn+ ! ,libr>y1 ,mademoiselle ,montansi] 0 accus$ ( hav+ built ! !atre 9 ! ,rue ,ri*elieu ) t v design4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,novemb]1 #agic1 ,*aumette at ! sitt+ ( ! ,commune ( ,p>is1 said-- ,i d5\nce ! ,citoy5ne ,montansi]4 ,! money ( ! ,engli%man#ga has be5 l>gely employ$ 9 rais+ ?is edifice1 & ! =m] que5 gave fifty ?\s& cr[ns t[>ds x4 ,i dem& t ?is !atre be clos$ on acc\nt ( ! dang]s :i* w\ld result f its cat*+ fire4 ,adopt$4 ,hb]t4 ,i d5\nce la demoiselle ,montansi]1 p]sonally2 ,i h in=mation aga9/ h]4 ,%e (f]$ me a box at h] new !atre to procure my sil5ce4 ,i dem& t la ,montansi] be arre/$ z a suspici\s p]son4 ,adopt$4 ,*aumette4 ,i dem&1 moreov]1 t ! actors1 actresses & directors ( ! ,p>isian !atres be subject$ to ! c5sor%ip ( ! c\ncil4 ,adopt$4 ,aft] decid+ t ! !atre 9 ! ,rue de la ,loi c\ld n be kept op5 )\t imp]ill+ ! exi/5ce ( ! ,national ,libr>y1 & aft] imprison+ ,mademoiselle ,montansi] = hav+ built x1 ! ,commune ( ,p>is delib]ately op5$ x z an op]a h\se6 ,mademoiselle ,montansi] 01 nev]!less1 /ill kept 9 prison1 & rema9$ !re t5 mon?s1 until aft] ! dea? ( ,robespi]re4 ,mademoiselle ,montansi]'s nocturnal assemblies 9 ! ,palais ,royal 7 equally r5[n$ be=e & aft] h] arre/4 ,actors & actresses1 gambl]s1 poets1 repres5tatives ( ! p1 republican g5]als1 retir$ ari/ocrats1 conspicu\s sans culottes1 & celebrities ( all k9ds congregat$ !re4 ,art1 pleasure1 politics1 ! new op]a1 ! la/ execution 7 alike discuss$ by ,dugazon & ,b>ras1 le pre ,du*esne & ! ,duke de ,lauzun1 ,robespi]re & ,mademoiselle ,maill>d1 ! ,*evali] de ,sa9t ,georges & ,danton1 ,m>ta9ville & ! ,m>quis de ,*anvel91 ,lays & ,m>at1 ,volange & ! ,duke ( ,orleans4 ,f ! names j m5tion$1 x w be und]/ood t "s memb]s ( ?is int]e/+ society 7 f "t to "t f\nd want+4 ,_! abs5ce 0 n mu* rem>k$1 & fre% notorieties con/antly came =w>d to fill ! places ( ^? claim$ by ! guillot9e4 ,aft] ,mademoiselle ,montansi]'s lib]ation f prison1 ,napoleon ,bonap>te 0 introduc$ to h] by ,dugazon & ,b>ras4 ,8 ambition _h n yet be5 excit$1 & ,b>ras--:o may1 nev]!less1 h look$ ^u him z a possible rival1 & "o to be dread$--wi%$ to get up a m>riage betwe5 him & ! fa%ionable b n[ some:at antiquat$ syr5 ( ! ,palais ,royal4 ,ev]y?+ w5t on well = "s "t4 ,!n a magnific5t d9n] 0 giv5 ) ! view ( br++ ! affair to a conclusion2 b ,bonap>te 0 v res]v$1 & ,b>ras n[ saw t 8 project 0 n likely to succe$4 ,at a banquet giv5 by ,mademoiselle ,montansi]1 to celebrate ! success ( ! ?irte5? ,v5dmiaire1 ,bonap>te propos$ a toa/ 9 hon\r ( 8 v5]able int5d$1 & soon aft]w>ds %e m>ri$ ,neuville4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mademoiselle ,,montansi]4 ,mademoiselle ,montansi] :o _h be5 %amefully *eat$1 inde$ robb$1 by ! ,conv5tion1 hop$ to h h] claims recognis$ by ! ,directory4 ,b>ras (f]$ h] "o million1 six hundr$ ?\s& francs4 ,%e refus$ x1 ! indemnity %e dem&$ = ! losses :i* %e _h su/a9$ by ! seizure ( h] !atre at ! h&s ( ! ,conv5tion am\nt+ to sev5 millions4 ,napoleon1 :5 fir/ consul1 caus$ ! !atre to be e/imat$1 :5 its value 0 fix$ at "o million ?ree hundr$ ?\s& francs4 ,aft] v>i\s delays1 ,mademoiselle ,montansi] receiv$ a p>tial recognition ( h] claim1 accompani$ by an ord] = paym5t1 sign$ by ! ,emp]or at ,mosc[4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"s read]s h1 probably1 be5 unable to reconcile two facts m5tion$ above ) respect to ! ,op]a "u ! ,conv5tion3--#a4 ,t ! p]=m]s 7 n paid2 & #b4 ,t ! public att5d$ ! repres5tations 9 imm5se numb]s4 ,! explanation is v simple4 ,! money 0 /ol5 by ! ,commune ( ,p>is4 ,g>del1 ! ballet-ma/]1 requir$ fifty ?\s& francs = ! production ( a "w compos$ by himself1 on ! subject ( ,william ,tell4 ,twice 0 ! sum amass$ f ! receipts & pr(ess$ly set ap>t = ! un=tunate ,william ,tell1 & twice ! money disappe>$4 ,x _h be5 devot$ to ! requirem5ts ( patriots 9 real life4 99 99 99 99 99 ,danton1 ,hb]t1 ,*aumette1 ,h5riot1 ,robespi]re1 all adm9i/rators ( ! ,op]a2 ,dubuisson1 ,fabre d',eglant9e1 libretti/s writ+ = ! ,op]a1 & bo? republicans _h be5 execut$ dur+ ! ,reign ( ,t]ror4 ,*am=t1 a republican1 kill$ himself to avoid ! same fate4 ,coquau1 ar*itect1 musician1 & writ]1 ! au?or ( a numb] ( musical articles produc$ dur+ ! ,gluck & ,picc9ni conte/s1 0 guillot9$ 9 ! ye> ,,ii4 ( ! republic4 ,! musician1 ,edelman1 aft] br++ a numb] ( p]sons to ! scaffold1 includ+ 8 patron & b5efactor1 ! ,b>on de ,ditri*1 arriv$ !re himself 9 #agid1 accompani$ by 8 bro!r4 ,9 ! same ye> ,despraux1 lead] ( ! fir/ viol9s at ! op]a 9 #aghb1 & memb] ( ! ,revolution>y ,tribunal 9 #agic1 kill$ himself f remorse4 ,altoge!r1 sixte5 p]sons belong+ to ! op]a 9 v>i\s ways kill$ !mselves1 or 7 execut$ 9 #agib1 '#ic1 & '#id4 ,aft] ! fall ( ,robespi]re1 ! royali/s = a "t rul$ ! !atres1 & av5g$ !mselves on all actors :o _h made !mselves conspicu\s z revolutioni/s4 ,trial1 a comic t5or1 :o _h made a v s]i\s accusation aga9/ ,mademoiselle ,buret1 ( ! ,comdie ,itali5ne1 :i* l$ to h] execution1 0 =c$ to s+ ! ,rveil du ,peuple on 8 knees1 amid ! execrations ( ! audi5ce4 ,he sang x1 b 0 ?r[n into su* a /ate ( agitation t he di$ f ! effects4 ,lays1 ^: fav\rite "p 0 t ( ,ore/e1 9 ,iphignie en ,tauride1 _h1 9 ! c\rse ( ! op]a1 to declaim ^! v]ses3-- ,j'ai trahi l'amiti1 ,j'ai trahi la nature2 ,des plus noirs att5tats ,j'ai combl la mesure4 ,! audi5ce ( ! ,bordeaux !atre consid]$ ?is confession s becom+ 9 ! m\? ( ! s+] :o _h to utt] x1 t ,lays took c>e n to give !m an opportunity a second "t ( manife/+ _! views on ! subject4 ,lays made 8 next appe>ance 9 dipe ,colone4 ,z 9 ?is op]a he _h to repres5t ! virtu\s ,!seus1 he felt sure t ! public w\ld n be able to conf\nd him 9 any mann] ) ! "* he 0 support+2 b he _h to submit to all sorts ( insults dur+ ! p]=mance1 & at ! fall ( ! curta9 0 compell$ to beg9 ! ,rveil du ,peuple4 ,aft] ! ?ird v]se1 he 0 told he 0 unwor?y to s+ su* a song1 & 0 driv5 f ! /age4 ,sid5ote3 ,,madele9e ,,guim>d ,,aga94 ,on ! #bcrd ( ,janu>y1 #agif1 ,mademoiselle ,guim>d re-appe>$ at a p]=mance giv5 = ! b5efit ( ag$ & retir$ arti/s4 ,a numb] ( vet]an connoisseurs came =w>d on ?is occasion to see h[ ! once *>m+ ,madele9e look$ at ! age ( fifty-n9e4 ,aft] ! ballet an old habitu ( ,l\is ! ,fifte5?'s "t call$ = a coa*1 drove to 8 lodg+1 & on gett+ out1 proce$$ naturally to pay ! driv] ! am\nt ( 8 f>e4 ,y are jok+1 my de> ,c\nt1 said ! coa*man4 ,:oev] he>d ( ,lauragais pay+ ! ,*evali] de ,f]rire = tak+ him home 9 8 c>riage8 ,:at6 is x y8 said ! ,c\nt de ,lauragais4 ,myself6 repli$ ! ,*evali]4 ,! two fri5ds embrac$1 & ! ,*evali] de ,f]rire !n expla9$ t1 :5 all ! royali/s 7 conceal+ !mselves or emigrat+1 he _h det]m9$ to d bo?4 ,he _h assum$ ! great coat ( 8 coa*man1 pa9t$ a numb] ov] ! arms on 8 c>riage1 & emigrat$ z f> z ! ,b\lev>d1 :]e he f\nd pl5ty ( cu/om]s1 & pass$ un9jur$ & unsuspect$ ?r\gh ! ,reign ( ,t]ror4 ,:]e d y live8 said ! ,c\nt4 ,rue des ,tuil]ies1 repli$ ! ,*evali]1 & my horses ) me4 ,! poor bea/s h %>$ all my mis=tunes4 ,give me ! :ip & re9s1 & get inside1 cri$ de ,lauragais4 ,:at =8 inquir$ ! ,*evali]4 ,to drive y home4 ,x is an act :i*1 z a g5tleman1 ,i insi/ on p]=m+2 a duty ,i owe to my old companion & fri5d4 ,y\r day's "w is ov]4 ,to-morr[ morn+ we w g to ,sophie's1 :o expects me to breakfa/4 ,:]e8 ,at ! ,hotel d',angivilli]1 a c>avans>y ( pa9t]s & musicians1 :]e ,f\* has grant$ h]1 on ! "p ( ! ,republic1 an ap>tm5t & a p5sion ( two ?\s& f\r hundr$ francs--we %\ld h said a hundr$ l\is =m]ly4 ,?is is call$ a national rew>d = ! em95t s]vices r5d]$ by ! citoy5ne ,arn\ld to ! c\ntry1 & to ! sov]eign p at ! ,op]a4 ,! poor girl 0 greatly 9 ne$ ( x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sophie ,,arn\ld ,,aga94 ,f\* _h once be5 desp]ately 9 love ) ,sophie ,arn\ld1 & n[ piti$ h] 9 h] di/ress4 ,?anks to h] influ5ce ) ! m9i/]1 ! ,*evali] ,f]rire obta9$ an ord]1 au?oriz+ him to return to ,france1 ?\gh he _h nev] left ,p>is1 except occasionally to drive a f>e to "o ( ! suburbs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! natural effect ( ,napoleon's campaigns 9 ,italy 0 to create among ! ,fr5* army a ta/e = ,italian music4 ,! ,fir/ ,consul & _m ( 8 g5]als 7 passionately fond ( x2 & a h9t f ! ,tuil]ies 9 #ahja 0 suffici5t to induce ,mademoiselle ,montansi] to engage an ,italian company1 :i* p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ,p>is on ! #a/ ( ,may 9 ! same ye>4 ,! ent]prise1 h[ev]1 0 n successful2 & 9 #ahjc ! directress1 :o _h be5 arre/$ be=e because money 0 ow+ to h]1 0 put 9 prison = ow+ money4 ,if1 by tak+ 8 troops to ,italy1 ,napoleon 0 ! means ( introduc+ a ta/e = ,italian music among ! ,fr5*1 he provid$ 8 c\ntry ) ,italian s+]s 9 a f> m direct mann]4 ,at ,dresd51 9 #ahjf1 he 0 delight$ ) ! p]=mance ( ,brizzi & ,madame ,pa] 9 ! op]a ( ,a*ille1 compos$ by ! prima donna's husb&4 ,y s+ div9ely1 ,madame ,pa]1 said ! emp]or4 ,:at d !y give y at ?is !atre8 ,fifte5 ?\s& francs1 ,sire4 ,y %all receive ?irty4 ,m4 ,brizzi1 y %all foll[ me on ! same t]ms4 ,b we are engag$4 ,) me4 ,y see ! affair is q settl$4 ,! ,pr9ce ( ,b5ev5to w att5d to ! diplomatic "p ( x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,napoleon ,,& ,,pa]4 ,napoleon took away ,a*ille1 & ev]y?+ belong+ to x2 music1 compos]1 & ! two pr9cipal s+]s4 ,! engagem5t by :i* ! emp]or engag$ ,pa] z compos] ( 8 *amb] music1 0 drawn up by ,talleyr&1 & bore 8 signature1 approv$ by ,napoleon1 & atte/$ by ,m>et1 ! secret>y ( /ate4 ,pa]1 :o _h be5 f\r ye>s at ,dresd51 & :o1 indep5d5tly ( 8 contract1 0 p]sonally mu* atta*$ to ! k+ ( ,saxony1 did all 9 8 p[] to avoid ent]+ into ,napoleon's s]vice4 ,p]haps1 too1 he 0 n pleas$ at ! prospect ( hav+ to foll[ ! emp]or ab\t f "o battle-field to ano!r1 ?\gh by a special article 9 ! engagem5t (f]$ to him1 he 0 gu>ante$ t5 francs a po/1 & ?irty-f\r francs a day = 8 travell+ exp5ses4 ,z ,pa]1 9 spite ( ! complim5ts1 & ! lib]al t]ms#gb (f]$ to him by ,napoleon1 cont9u$ to object1 ,g5]al ,cl>ke told ! emp]or t he _h an excell5t plan = gett+ ov] all difficulties1 & sav+ ! mae/ro f any reproa*es ( +ratitude :i* ! k+ ( ,saxony might o!rwise address to him4 ,?is plan consi/$ 9 plac+ ,pa] 9 ! h&s ( g5s d'armes1 & hav+ him conduct$ f camp to camp :]ev] ! emp]or w5t4 ,no viol5ce1 h[ev]1 0 done to ! compos]4 ,! k+ ( ,saxony lib]at$ him f 8 engagem5t at ! ,dresd5 op]a1 &1 moreov]1 signifi$ to him t he mu/ ei!r foll[ ,napoleon1 or quit ,saxony imm$iately4 ,x is said t ,pa] 0 c$$ by a secret treaty betwe5 ! two sov]eigns1 l a =tress1 or r l a prov9ce1 z prov9ces 7 transf]r$ be=e ! idea ( nationality 0 inv5t$2 t is to say1 )\t ! wi%es ( ! inhabitants be+ 9 any way tak5 into acc\nt4 ,! k+ ( ,saxony 0 only too glad t ,napoleon took no?+ f him b 8 s+]s & musicians4 ,brizzi1 ! t5or1 ,madame ,pa]1 ! prima donna1 & h] husb&1 ! compos]1 7 ord]$ to />t at once = ,w>saw4 ,9 ! morn+1 ! emp]or w\ld att5d to milit>y & /ate affairs1 & p]haps preside at a battle1 = fight+ 0 n[ go+ on 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,poli% capital4 ,9 ! ev5+1 he _h a conc]t at head qu>t]s1 ! programme ( :i* g5]ally includ$ sev]al pieces by ,paisiello4 ,napoleon 0 p>ticul>ly fond ( ,paisiello's music1 & ,pa]1 :o1 besides be+ a compos]1 0 a s+] ( high m]it1 knew a great deal ( x by he>t4 ,paisiello _h be5 ,napoleon's *apel-ma/] s9ce #ahja1 ! emp]or hav+ s5t = him to ,naples aft] sign+ ! ,concordat ) ! ,pope4 ,on arriv+ 9 ,p>is1 ! cunn+ ,italian1 l an exp]i5c$ c\rti]1 0 no soon] introduc$ to ,napoleon ?an he address$ him z 'sire6' ',sire1' :at d y mean8 repli$ ! fir/ consul2 ,i am a g5]al1 & no?+ m4 ,well1 ,g5]al1 cont9u$ ! compos]1 ,i h come to place myself at y\r maje/y's ord]s4 ,i mu/ really beg y1 cont9u$ ,napoleon1 n to address me 9 ?is mann]4 ,=give me1 ,g5]al1 answ]$ ,paisiello1 b ,i _c give up ! habit ,i h contract$ 9 address+ sov]eigns :o1 comp>$ ) y1 seem b pigmies4 ,h[ev]1 ,i w n =get y\r comm&s1 sire2 & if ,i h be5 un=tunate en\gh to (f5d1 ,i mu/ ?r[ myself ^u y\r ,maje/y's indulg5ce4 ,sid5ote3 ,,expression ,,9 ,,music4 ,paisiello receiv$ t5 ?\s& francs = ! mass he wrote = ,napoleon's coronation4 ,ea* ( ! masses = ! imp]ial *apel br\ght him "o ?\s& francs4 ,n mu*1 c]ta9ly2 b !n x mu/ be rememb]$ t he produc$ z _m z f\rte5 9 two ye>s4 ,!y 7 = ! mo/ "p made up ( pieces ( *ur* music1 :i* ! mae/ro _h writt5 = ,italy1 & :5 ?is fruitful s\rce fail$ him1 he _h rec\rse to 8 num]\s s]i\s & comic op]as4 ,?us1 an air f ! ,nittetti 0 made to d duty z a ,gloria1 ano!r f ! ,scuffi]a z an ,agnus ,dei4 ,music dep5ds s mu* ^u association t1 d\btless1 only ^? p]sons :o _h already he>d ^! melodies on ! /age1 f\nd !m at all inappropriate 9 a *ur*4 ,fig>o's air 9 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville w\ld c]ta9ly n s\nd well 9 a mass2 b !re are pl5ty ( love songs1 songs expressive ( despair 7if n ( too viol5t a k9d71 songs1 9 %ort1 ( a s5tim5tal & slightly passionate ca/1 :i* only require to be unit$ to religi\s words to be at once & !reby end[$ ) a religi\s "*4 ,gluck1 himself1 :o is suppos$ by _m to h believ$ t music 0 capable ( convey+ absolute1 def9ite ideas1 borr[$ pieces f 8 old ,italian op]as to introduce into ! scores he 0 writ+1 on entirely diff]5t subjects1 = ! ,acadmie ,royale ( ,p>is4 ,?us1 he has employ$ an air f 8 ,telemacco 9 ! introduction to ! ov]ture ( ,iphignie en ,aulide4 ,! *orus 9 ! latt] "w1 ,que d'attraits que de maje/1 is f\nd$ on ! air1 ,al mio spirto1 9 ! same compos]'s ,clem5za di ,tito4 ,! ov]ture to ,gluck's ,telemacco became t ( 8 ,armide4 ,music s]ves admirably to height5 ! effect ( a dramatic situation1 or to give =ce & int5sity to ! expression ( words2 b ! same music may (t5 be alli$ ) equal advantage to words ( v diff]5t %ades ( mean+4 ,?us1 ! same melody w depict equally well ! rage ( a baffl$ conspirator1 ! jeal\sy ( an injur$ & mo/ respectable husb&1 & v>i\s o!r k9ds ( agitation2 ! grief ( lov]s ab\t to "p1 ! joy ( lov]s at meet+ aga91 & o!r emotions ( a t5d] nature2 ! despond5cy ( a man firmly b5t on suicide1 ! calm devotion ( a pi\s woman ent]+ a conv5t1 & o!r feel+s ( a solemn class4 ,! signification we discov] 9 music also dep5ds mu* ^u ! circum/ances "u :i* x is he>d1 & to "s ext5t also on ! mood we are 9 :5 he>+ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,two ,,pa/iccios4 ,"u ! republic1 consulate1 & empire1 music did n fl\ri% 9 ,france1 & n ev5 ! imp]ial ,spont9i & ,*]ub9i1 9 spite ( ! almo/ ,european reputation !y = "s "t enjoy$1 produc$ any works :i* w be> comp>ison ) ! ma/]pieces ( _! successors1 ,ross9i1 ,aub]1 & ,mey]be]4 ,dur+ ! d>k arti/ic p]iod :i* sep>ates ! fall ( ! mon>*y f ! re/oration1 a few int]e/+ works 7 produc$ at ! ,op]a ,comique2 b until ,napoleon's adv5t to p[]1 ,france neglect$ m ?an ev] ! music ( ,italy1 & did worse ?an neglect t ( ,g]many1 =1 9 #agic1 ! directors ( ! ,academy br\ght out a v]sion ( ,moz>t's ,m>riage ( ,fig>o1 9 five acts1 )\t recitative & ) all ! prose dialogue ( ,beaum>*ais introduc$4 ,9 #ahjf1 too1 a pa/iccio by ,kalkbr5n]1 =m$ out ( ! music ( ,moz>t's ,don ,juan1 ) improvem5ts & additions by ,kalkbr5n] himself1 0 p]=m$ at ! same !atre4 ,bo? ^! m$leys met ) ! fate :i* might h be5 anticipat$ = !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,op]a ,,9 ,,italy1 ,,g]many ,,& ,,russia1 ,,dur+ ,,& ,,9 ,,connection ,,) ,,! ,,republican ,,& ,,napoleonic ,,w>s4 ,,paisiello1 ,,pa]1 ,,cim>osa1 ,,moz>t4 ,,! ,,m>riage ,,( ,,fig>o4 ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,no?+ %[s bett] ! effect on art ( ! long cont95tal w>s at ! end ( ! eighte5? & beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ?an ! fact t ,moz>t's two greate/ works1 writt5 = ,vi5na & ,prague imm$iately be=e ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 did n become kn[n 9 ,engl& & ,france until ab\t a qu>t] ( a c5tury aft] _! production4 ,=tunate ,au/ria1 be=e ! great break up ( ,european t]ritories & dyna/ies1 possess$ ! two fir/ musical capitals 9 ,europe4 ,op]a _h already decl9$ 9 ,b]l91 & its hi/ory1 ev5 "u ! direction ( ! flute-play+ ,fr$]ic1 possesses little int]e/ = ,engli% read]s aft] ! dep>ture or r flight ( ,madame ,m>a4 ,italy 0 /ill ! great nurs]y ( music1 b h] mae/ri compos$ _! greate/ works = =eign !atres1 & _m ( !m 7 atta*$ to =eign c\rts4 ,?us1 ,paisiello wrote 8 ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia = ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 :i!r he _h be5 invit$ by ! ,empress ,ca!r9e1 & :]e he 0 succe$$ by ,cim>osa4 ,cim>osa1 aga91 on 8 return f ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 wrote 8 ma/]piece1 ,il ,matrimonio ,segretto1 = ! ,emp]or ,leopold ,,ii41 at ,vi5na4 ,( ! ,op]a at ,/ockholm1 we h he>d no?+ s9ce ! "t ( ,que5 ,*ri/9a4 ,! ,dresd5 ,op]a1 :i*1 9 ! days ( ,h&el1 0 ! fir/ 9 ,europe1 /ill ma9ta9$ its pre-em95ce at ! beg9n+ ( ! second half ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 :5 ,r\sseau publi%$ 8 ,musical ,diction>y1 & describ$ at l5g? ! composition ( its admirable or*e/ra4 ,b ! /ate & ! res\rces ( ! k+s ( ,saxony decl9$ ) ! p[] ( ,pol&1 & ! ,dresd5 ,op]a1 ?\gh1 ?anks to ! ta/e :i* presid$ at ! c\rt1 its p]=mances 7 /ill excell5t1 _h q lo/ its peculi> celebrity long be=e ,napoleon came1 & c>ri$ away its la/ rema9+ glories 9 ! %ape ( ! compos]1 ,pa]1 & ,madame ,pa] & ,brizzi1 its two pr9cipal s+]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,paisiello ,,9 ,,russia4 ,! fir/ great musical "w produc$ 9 ,russia1 ,paisiello's ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia1 0 p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 9 #aghj4 ,9 ?is op]a "w1 ( :i* ! success soon became ,european1 ! compos] ent]$ ?or\ghly into ! _s ( all ,beaum>*ais's be/ sc5es1 s admirably adapt$ = musical illu/ration4 ,( ! solos1 ! ?ree mo/ admir$ 7 ,almaviva's op5+ romance1 ,don ,basil's ,la ,calomnia1 & ! air = ,don ,b>?olo2 ! o!r fav\rite pieces be+ a comic trio1 9 :i* ,la ,jeunesse sneezes1 & ,l',eveill yawns 9 ! pres5ce ( ! tutor 7,i ne$ sc>cely rem>k t ! p]sonages j nam$ belong to ,beaum>*ais's com$y1 & t !y are n introduc$ 9 ,ross9i's op]a71 ano!r trio1 9 :i* ,ros9a gives ! lett] to ,fig>o1 a duet = ! entry ( ! t5or 9 ! assum$ "* ( ,don ,alonzo1 & a qu9tett1 9 :i* ,don ,basil is s5t to b$1 & 9 :i* ! phrase buona s]a is treat$ ) great felicity4 ,p]golese r5d]$ a /ill great] s]vice to ,russia ?an did ,paisiello by writ+ "o ( 8 ma/]pieces = its capital1 :5 he took ! "y ,bortnianski ) him f ,/4 ,pet]sburgh to ,italy1 & !re educat$ ! greate/ religi\s compos] t ,russia1 n by any means defici5t 9 compos]s1 has yet kn[n4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,s+]',s ,,indisposition4 ,we h se5 t ,paisiello1 "s ye>s aft] 8 return to ,italy1 0 engag$ by ,napoleon z *apel-ma/]1 & t ! s]vices ( ,pa] 7 soon aft]w>ds claim$ & secur$ by ! emp]or z compos] ( 8 *amb] music4 ,?is 0 n ! fir/ "t t ,pa] _h be5 =c$ to alt] 8 own private arrangem5ts 9 consequ5ce ( ! v despotic patronage accord$ to music by ! victori\s lead]s ( ! ,fr5* army4 ,9 #agii he 0 at ,ud9e1 :]e 8 wife 0 engag$ z prima donna4 ,portogallo's la ,donna di g5io volubile 0 ab\t to be repres5t$ be=e a l>ge numb] ( ! (fic]s "u ! comm& ( ,b]nadotte1 :5 sudd5ly x appe>$ impossible to cont9ue ! p]=mance ow+ to ! v det]m9$ indisposition ( ! primo basso4 ,?is g5tleman _h gone to b$ 9 ! middle ( ! day disguis$ z an invalid4 ,he decl>$ himself s]i\sly unwell 9 ! aft]noon1 & 9 ! ev5+ s5t a message to ! !atre to excuse himself f appe>+ 9 ,portogallo's op]a4 ,pa] & 8 wife und]/ood :at ?is meant4 ,! p]=mance 0 = ,madame ,pa]'s b5efit2 & ,olivi]i1 ! p]fidi\s basso1 f private pique1 _h det]m9$1 if possible1 to prev5t x tak+ place4 ,pa]'s _s 0 r\s$ by ! attitude ( ! primo buffo1 :i* 0 /ill t ( a man conf9$ to 8 b$2 & he resolv$ to fru/rate 8 infam\s s*eme1 :i*1 ?\gh simple1 appe>$ c]ta9 ( success1 inasmu* z no o!r comic basso 0 to be f\nd any:]e ne> ,ud9e4 ,! audi5ce 0 impati5t1 ,madame ,pa] 9 te>s1 ! manag] 9 despair1 :5 ,pa] desir$ t ! p]=mance might beg92 say+1 t ,provid5ce w\ld s5d !m a basso :o w\ld at lea/ "k 8 "p1 & t 9 any case ,madame ,pa] mu/ get ready = ! fir/ sc5e4 ,madame ,pa] obey$ ! m>ital injunction1 b 9 a /ate ( great trepidation2 = %e _h no confid5ce 9 ! capabilities ( ! promis$ basso1 & 0 n by any means sure t he ev5 exi/$4 ,! curta9 0 ab\t to rise1 :5 ! s+] :o 0 to h fall5 f ! cl\ds walk$ quietly on to ! /age1 p]fectly dress$ = ! "p he 0 ab\t to und]take1 & )\t any sign ( hesitation on 8 c\nt5ance4 ,! prima donna utt]$ a cry ( surprise1 bur/ into a fit ( laught]1 & !n ru%$ weep+ into ! arms ( h] husb&1--= x 0 ,pa] himself :o _h und]tak5 to replace ! trea*]\s ,olivi]i4 ,no1 said ,madame ,pa]2 ?is is impossible6 ,x %all nev] be said t ,i all[$ y1 a great compos]1 :o w "o day be kn[n ?r\gh\t ,europe1 to act ! buffoon4 ,no6 ! p]=mance mu/ be /opp$6 ,at ?is mom5t ! f9al *ords ( ! ov]ture 7 he>d4 ,poor ,madame ,pa] resign$ h]self to h] fate1 & w5t weep+ on to ! /age to beg9 a comic duet ) h] husb&1 :o seem$ 9 excell5t spirits1 & comm5c$ 8 "p ) s mu* v]ve & hum\r1 t ! audi5ce rew>d$ 8 ex]tions ) a /orm ( applause4 ,pa]'s gaiety soon communicat$ itself to 8 wife4 ,if ,pa] 0 to p]=m at all1 x 0 necess>y t 8 p]=mance %\ld out%9e t ( all possible rivals1 & especially t ( ! miscreant ,olivi]i1 :o 0 n[ laugh+ betwe5 8 %eets at ! success :i* he fanci$ mu/ h already att5d$ 8 ma/]ly device4 ,! prima donna _h nev] sung s *>m+ly be=e1 b ! greate/ triumph ( ! ev5+ 0 ga9$ by ! new basso4 ,olivi]i1 :o previ\sly _h be5 pron\nc$ unapproa*able 9 ,portogallo's op]a1 0 n[ look$ ^u z q an inf]ior s+] comp>$ to ! buffo c>icato :o _h s unexpect$ly pres5t$ himself be=e ! ,ud9e public4 ,pa]1 9 addition to 8 great1 natural hi/rionic ability1 knew e note ( la ,donna4 ,olivi]i _h /udi$ only 8 own "p4 ,pa]1 9 direct+ ! rehe>sals1 _h made himself ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) all ( !m1 & gave a significance to "s portions ( ! music :i* _h nev] be5 express$ or appreh5d$ by 8 n[ defeat$1 r\t$1 utt]ly conf\nd$ rival4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,s+]',s ,,indisposition4 ,at pres5t comes ! d>k side ( ! picture4 ,olivi]i1 dang]\sly ill ! night be=e1 0 p]fectly well ! next morn+1 & q ready to resume 8 "p 9 la ,donna di g5io volubile4 ,pa]1 on ! o!r h&1 0 q will+ to give x up to him2 b bo? reckon$ )\t ! milit>y connoisseurs ( ,ud9e1 & above all )\t ,b]nadotte1 :o arriv$ ! day aft] ,pa]'s great success1 :5 all ! (fic]s ( ! /aff 7 talk+ ( no?+ else4 ,olivi]i 0 ann\nc$ to appe> 9 8 old "*2 b :5 ! bill 0 %[n to ! ,g5]al1 he decl>$ t ! orig9al repres5tative might g back to b$1 = t ! only buffo he w\ld li/5 to 0 ! illu/ri\s ,pa]4 ,9 va9 ! director expla9$ t ! compos] 0 n engag$ z a s+]1 & t no?+ b ! sudd5 indisposition ( ,olivi]i w\ld h induc$ him to appe> on ! /age at all4 ,b]nadotte swore he w\ld h ,pa]1 & no "o else2 & z ! un=tunate impres>io cont9u$ 8 objections1 he 0 ord]$ into arre/1 & in=m$ t he %\ld rema9 9 prison until ! mae/ro ,pa] und]took once m ! "p ( ,pippo 9 ,portogallo's op]a4 ,! ,g5]al !n s5t a company ( gr5adi]s to surr\nd ,pa]'s h\se2 b ! compos] _h he>d ( :at _h befall5 ! manag]1 &1 =esee+ 8 own probable fate1 if he rema9$ op5ly 9 ,ud9e1 _h conceal$ himself1 & spread a report t he 0 9 ! c\ntry4 ,lanc]s & huss>s 7 dispat*$ 9 se>* ( him1 b naturally )\t effect4 ,9 ! suppos$ abs5ce ( ,pa]1 ! army 0 oblig$ to accept ,olivi]i2 & :5 six or sev5 repres5tations ( ! popul> op]a _h tak5 place & ! milit>y public _h become accu/om$ to ,olivi]i's p]=mance ( ! "p ( ,pippo1 ,pa] came =? f 8 hid+ place & suff]$ no m f ! w>like dilettanti-ism ( ,b]nadotte4 ,sid5ote3 ,,madame ,,fodor ,,& ,,! ,,c[4 ,!re w\ld be no end to my anecdotes if ,i 7 to attempt to give a complete li/ ( all ^? 9 :i* musicians & s+]s h be5 made to figure 9 connection ) all sorts ( ev5ts dur+ ! la/ great cont95tal w>4 ,! great vocali/s1 & _m ( ! great compos]s ( ! day1 cont9u$ to travel ab\t f city to city1 & f c\rt to c\rt1 z ?\gh ,europe 7 /ill 9 a /ate ( pr(\nd peace4 ,sometimes1 z happ5$ once to ,pa]1 & 0 ne>ly happ5+ to him a second "t1 !y 7 tak5 prison]s2 or !y f\nd !mselves %ut up 9 a besieg$ t[n2 & a great cantatrice1 ,madame ,fodor1 :o *anc$ to be engag$ at ! ,hamburg op]a :5 ,hamburg 0 inve/$1 0 actually ! cause ( a sortie be+ made 9 h] fav\r4 ,on "o occasion1 :ile %e 0 s++1 ! audi5ce 0 di/urb$ by a cannon ball com+ ?r\gh ! ro( ( ! !atre & tak+ its place 9 ! gall]y2 b ! p]=mances cont9u$ nev]!less1 & ! (fic]s & soldi]s ( ! g>rison cont9u$ to be delight$ ) _! fav\rite vocali/4 ,madame ,fodor1 h[ev]1 on h] side1 0 beg9n+ to get tir$ ( h] position2 n t %e c>$ mu* ab\t ! bomb>dm5t :i* 0 r5ew$ f "t to "t1 b because ! supply ( milk _h fail$1 c[s & ox5 hav+ be5 alike slaught]$ = ! su/5ance ( ! beleagu]$ g>rison4 ,)\t milk1 ,madame ,fodor 0 sc>cely able to s+2 at lea/1 %e _h s accu/om$ h]self to dr9k x e ev5+ dur+ ! int]vals ( p]=mance1 t %e f\nd x inconv5i5t & pa9ful to d )\t x4 ,he>+ 9 :at a pa9ful situation _! belov$ vocali/ f\nd h]self1 ! ,fr5* army gallantly resolv$ to rem$y x )\t delay4 ,! next ev5+ a sortie 0 effect$1 & a c[ br\ght back 9 triumph4 ,?is c[ 0 kept 9 ! prop]ty & pa9t+ room 9 ! !atre1 above ! /age1 & 0 l[]$ l a drop sc5e1 to be milk$ :5ev] ,madame ,fodor 0 ?ir/y4 ,s1 at lea/1 says ! op]atic anecdote on ! subject1 ?\gh x w\ld p]haps h be5 a m conv5i5t proce$+ to h s5t "s tru/wor?y p]son to p]=m ! milk+ op]ation up /airs4 ,9 any case1 ! c[ 0 kept c>efully %ut up & "u gu>d4 ,o!rwise ! animal's life w\ld n h be5 safe1 s great 0 ! sc>city ( provision 9 ,hamburg at ! "t1 & s great ! g5]al hung] = beef ( any k9d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,d',,entraigues' ,,murd]4 ,madame ,hub]ti1 aft] fly+ f ,p>is dur+ ! ,reign ( ,t]ror1 m>ri$ ! ,c\nt d',entraigues1 & w\ld seem to h t]m9at$ h] op]atic c>e] happily & hon\rably2 b %e 0 de/9$ "s ye>s aft]w>ds to die a horrible dea?4 ,! c\ntess always wore ! ord] ( ,/4 ,mi*ael1 :i* _h be5 giv5 to h] by ! !n unackn[l$g$ ,l\is ,,xviii41 9 tok5 ( ! s]vices %e _h r5d]$ to ! royali/ p>ty1 by enabl+ h] husb& to escape f prison & pres]v+ 8 portfolio :i* conta9$ a numb] ( political pap]s ( great importance4 ,! ,c\nt aft]w>ds ent]$ ! s]vice ( ,russia1 & 0 entru/$ by ! gov]nm5t ) sev]al confid5tial missions4 ,hi!rto he _h be5 work+ 9 ! int]e/ ( ! ,b\rbons aga9/ ,napoleon2 b :5 ! ,fr5* emp]or & ! emp]or ,alex&] =m$ an alliance1 aft] ! battles ( ,eylau & ,fri$l&1 he seems to h ?\ght t 8 connexion ) ,russia ought to t]m9ate4 ,h[ev] ?is may h be51 he f\nd means to obta9 a copy ( ! secret articles conta9$ 9 ! treaty ( ,tilsit#gc & ha/5$ to ,london to communicate !m to ! ,engli% gov]nm5t4 ,= ?is s]vice he is said to h receiv$ a p5sion1 & he n[ e/abli%$ himself 9 ,engl&1 :]e he appe>s to h _h cont9ual relations ) ! =eign (fice4 ,! ,fr5* police he>d h[ ! ,c\nt d',entraigues 0 employ$ 9 ,london1 & ,f\* s5t ov] two ag5ts to wat* him & int]cept 8 lett]s4 ,^! emiss>ies employ$ an ,italian refugee1 to get acqua9t$ ) & bribe ,lor5zo1 ! ,c\nt's s]vant1 :o all[$ 8 compatriot to read & ev5 to take copies ( ! despat*es frequ5tly entru/$ to him by 8 ma/] to take to ,mr4 ,cann+4 ,he1 moreov]1 gave him a numb] ( ! ,c\nt's lett]s to & f o!r p]sons4 ,"o ev5+ a lett] 0 br\ght to ,m4 d',entraigues :i* oblig$ him to g e>ly ! next morn+ f 8 resid5ce at ,b>nes to ,london4 ,lor5zo _h obs]v$ ! seal ( ! =eign (fice on ! envelope1 & saw t 8 trea*]y w\ld soon be discov]$4 ,ev]y?+ 0 ready = ! j\rney1 :5 he /abb$ 8 ma/]1 :o fell to ! gr\nd mortally w\nd$4 ,! ,c\ntess 0 gett+ into ! c>riage4 ,to prev5t h] *>g+ him ) h] husb&'s dea?1 ! s]vant also /abb$ h]1 & a few mom5ts aft]w>ds1 9 confusion & despair1 blew 8 own bra9s out ) a pi/ol :i* he 9 ! fir/ in/ance appe>s to h int5d$ = ,m4 d',entraigues4 ,?is horrible affair occurr$ on ! #bbnd ( ,july1 #ahab4 ,no?+ fatal happ5$ to ,madame ,colbran1 ?\gh %e 0 deeply mix$ up ) politics1 h] "n be+ at "o "t q a p>ty ^w among ! royali/s at ,naples4 ,^? :o admir$ ! k+ made a po9t ( admir+ 8 fav\rite s+]4 ,a g5tleman f ,engl& ask$ a fri5d "o night at ! ,naples !atre h[ he lik$ ! vocali/ 9 "q4 ,l h]8 ,i am a royali/1 0 ! reply4 ,:5 ! revolutioni/s ga9$ ! upp] h&1 ,madame ,colbran 0 hiss$2 b ! discomfiture ( ! popul> p>ty 0 always foll[$ by r5ew$ triumphs = ! s+]4 ,madame ,colbran mu/ n lead u on to h] future husb&1 ,ross9i1 ^: epo* has n yet arriv$4 ,! m5tion ( ,pa]'s wife has already tak5 u f> away f ! compos]s 9 vogue at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,sid5ote3 ,,il ,,matrimonio ,,segretto4 ,two ( ! ?ree be/ comic op]as ev] produc$1 ,le ,nozze di ,fig>o & ,il ,matrimonio ,segretto 7,i ne$ sc>cely "n ,ross9i's ,il ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia z ! ?ird71 7 writt5 = ,vi5na )9 six ye>s 7#aghf-agib71 & at ! special reque/ ( emp]ors ( ,g]many4 ,cim>osa 0 return+ f ,/4 ,pet]sburgh :5 ,leopold ,,ii41 ,joseph ! ,second's successor1 deta9$ him at ,vi5na1 & invit$ him to compose some?+ = 8 !atre4 ,! mae/ro _h n mu* "t1 b he did 8 be/1 & ! result 01 ,il ,matrimonio ,segretto4 ,! ,emp]or 0 delight$ ) ! "w1 :i* seem$ almo/ to h be5 improvis$1 & gave ! compos] twelve ?\s& francs1 or1 z "s say1 twelve ?\s& flor9s2 9 ei!r case1 a v lib]al sum = ! p]iod :5 ,cim>osa1 ,paisiello & ,gughelmi _h mutually agre$1 :atev] m !y might receive = _! op]as1 nev] to take less ?an two ?\s& f\r hundr$ francs4 ,! libretto ( ,il ,matrimonio ,segretto1 by ,b]tatti1 is imitat$ f t ( a =gott5 ,fr5* op]etta1 ,sophie ou le ,m>iage ,ca*1 :i* is aga9 f\nd$ on ,g>rick & ,coleman's ,cl&e/9e ,m>riage4 ,! ,emp]or ,leopold 0 unable to be pres5t at ! fir/ p]=mance ( ,cim>osa's new "w1 b he he>d ( its enorm\s success1 & det]m9$ n to miss a note at ! second repres5tation4 ,he 0 9 8 box be=e ! comm5cem5t ( ! ov]ture1 & li/5$ to ! p]=mance ?r\gh\t ) ! greate/ att5tion1 b )\t manife/+ any op9ion z to ! m]its ( ! music4 ,z ! ,sov]eign did n applaud1 ! brilliant audi5ce :o _h assembl$ to he> ,il ,matrimonio a second "t1 7 oblig$1 by c\rt etiquette1 to rema9 sil5t )\t giv+ ! slighte/ expression to ! delight ! music af=d$ !m4 ,?is icy reception 0 v diff]5t to ! "o obta9$ by ! op]a ! night be=e1 :5 ! m>ks ( approbation f all p>ts ( ! h\se _h be5 ( ! mo/ en?usia/ic k9d4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ! piece 0 at an end1 ! ,emp]or rose & said al\d-- ,bravo1 ,cim>osa1 bravissimo6 ,! :ole op]a is admirable1 delightful1 en*ant+4 ,i did n applaud t ,i might n lose a s+le note ( ?is ma/]piece4 ,y h he>d x twice1 & ,i mu/ h ! same pleasure be=e ,i g to b$4 ,s+]s & musicians1 pass into ! next room6 ,cim>osa w come too1 & w preside at ! banquet prep>$ = y4 ,:5 y h _h suffici5t re/ we w beg9 aga94 ,i encore ! :ole op]a1 &1 9 ! mean :ile1 let u applaud x z x des]ves4 ,leopold clapp$ 8 h&s1 & = "s m9utes ! :ole !atre res\nd$ ) plaudits4 ,aft] ! banquet1 ! entire op]a 0 repeat$4 ,! only o!r example ( su* an occurr5ce z ! above is to be f\nd 9 ! c>e] ( ,t]5ce1 ^: ,eunu*us on its fir/ production1 0 p]=m$ twice ! same day1 or1 r1 once 9 ! morn+1 & once 9 ! ev5+4 ,a simil> am\nt ( success obta9$ by ,pa]'s ,laodicea _h q an opposite result2 =1 z ne>ly ! :ole op]a 0 encor$1 piece by piece1 x 0 f\nd impossible to conclude x ! same ev5+1 & ! p]=mance ( ! la/ act 0 po/pon$ until ! next night4 ,moz>t's ,nozze di ,fig>o1 produc$ six ye>s be=e ! ,matrimonio ,segretto1 0 f> less ju/ly appreciat$1--inde$1 at ,vi5na1 0 n appreciat$ at all4 ,?is admirable "w1 s full ( fre% spontane\s melody1 & ( ri*1 v>i$ h>mony 0 actually hiss$ by ! ,vi5nese6 ,!y ev5 hiss$ ,non piu &rai1 :i* seems equally calculat$ to delight ! educat$ & ! mo/ un$ucat$ e>4 ,moz>t has made allusion to ?is almo/ incr$ible in/ance ( bad ta/e v happily & +5i\sly 9 ! supp] sc5e ( ,don ,giovanni4 ,sid5ote3 ,,moz>t ,,& ,,joseph ,,ii4 ,joseph ,,ii4 c>$ only = ,italian music1 & nev] gave 8 entire approbation to any?+ ,moz>t produc$1 ?\gh ! musicians ( ! p]iod ackn[l$g$ him to be ! greate/ compos] 9 ,europe4 ,x is too f9e = our e>s1 said ! presumptu\s ,joseph1 speak+ to ,moz>t ( ! ,s]aglio4 ,s]i\sly1 ,i ?9k !re are too _m notes4 ,precisely ! prop] numb]1 repli$ ! compos]4 ,! ,emp]or rew>d$ 8 frankness by giv+ him only fifty ducats = 8 op]a4#gd ,nev]!less1 ! ,s]aglio _h caus$ ! success ( "o ( ! emp]or's fav\rite ent]prises4 ,x 0 ! fir/ "w produc$ at ! ,g]man ,op]a1 e/abli%$ by ,joseph ,,ii41 at ,vi5na4 ,until t "t1 ,italian op]a pr$om9at$ ev]y:]e2 inde$1 ,g]man op]a1 t is to say1 lyric dramas 9 ! ,g]man language1 set to music by ,g]man compos]s1 & sung by ,g]man s+]s1 c\ld n be said to exi/4 ,!re 7 a numb] ( ,italian musicians liv+ at ,vi5na :o 7 q aw>e ( ,moz>t's sup]iority1 & hat$ him = x2 ! m s1 z by tak+ su* an important "p 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,g]man ,op]a1 he ?reat5$ to dim9i% ! reputation ( ! ,italian s*ool4 ,! ,entfhrung aus dem ,s]ail 0 ! fir/ bl[ to ! supremacy ( ,italian op]a4 ,d] ,s*auspieldirector 0 ! second1 & :51 aft] ! production ( ?is latt] "w at ! new ,g]man !atre ( ,vi5na1 ,moz>t proce$$ to write ! ,nozze di ,fig>o = ! ,italians1 he simply plac$ himself 9 ! h&s ( 8 enemies4 ,at ! fir/ repres5tation1 ! two fir/ acts ( ! ,nozze 7 s %amefully execut$1 t ! compos] w5t 9 despair to ! emp]or to d5\nce ! trea*]y ( :i* he 0 be+ made ! victim4 ,joseph _h detect$ ! conspiracy & 0 ne>ly z indignant z ,moz>t himself4 ,he s5t a sev]e message r\nd to ! /age1 b ! h>m 0 n[ done1 & ! rema9d] ( ! op]a 0 li/5$ to v coldly4 ,le ,nozze di ,fig>o fail$ at ,vi5na1 & 0 n appreciat$1 did n ev5 get a fair he>+1 until x 0 produc$ "s mon?s aft]w>ds at ,prague4 ,! ,slavonians ( ,bohemia %[$ inf9itely m good ta/e & intellig5ce ?an ! ,g]mans 7l$ away & demoraliz$1 h[ev]1 by an ,italian clique7 at ,vi5na4 ,at ,prague1 le ,nozze di ,fig>o caus$ ! greate/ en?usiasm1 & ,moz>t repli$ nobly to ! sympa?y & admiration ( ! ,bohemians4 ,^! good p1 he said1 h av5g$ me4 ,!y "k h[ to d me ju/ice1 ,i mu/ write some?+ to please !m4 ,he kept 8 ^w1 & ! ye> aft]w>ds gave !m ! immortal ,don ,giovanni4 ,sid5ote3 ,,moz>t ,,& ,,sali]i4 ,at ! head ( ! clique :i* _h sworn et]nal enmity to ,moz>t1 0 ,sali]i1 a musician ) a sort ( ,pontius ,pilate reputation1 ow+ 8 infam\s celebrity to ! fact t 8 "n is n[ insep>ably c\pl$ ) t ( ! sublime compos] :om he w\ld h de/roy$4 ,sali]i 7:om we h met ) be=e 9 ,p>is z ! w\ld-be successor ( ,gluck7 0 ! mo/ le>n$ ( ! ,italian compos]s at t "t resid+ 9 ,vi5na2 &1 !re=e1 mu/ h felt ! greatness ( ,moz>t's g5ius m pr(\ndly ?an any ( ! o!rs4 ,:5 ,don ,giovanni1 aft] its success at ,prague1 0 produc$ at ,vi5na1 x 0 badly put on ! /age1 imp]fectly rehe>s$1 & repres5t$ altoge!r 9 a v unsatisfactory mann]4 ,nor1 ) improv$ execution did ! audi5ce %[ any disposition to appreciate its manifold beauties4 ,moz>t's ,don ,giovanni 0 q eclips$ by ! ,assur ( 8 envi\s & malignant rival4 ,i w leave x to psy*ologi/s to det]m9e1 says ,m4 ,oulibi*eff1#ge :e!r ! day on :i* ,sali]i triumph$ publicly ov] ,moz>t1 0 ! happie/ or ! mo/ pa9ful ( 8 life4 ,he triumph$1 inde$1 ?anks to ! ignorance ( ! ,vi5nese1 to 8 own skill z a director1 7:i* enabl$ him to r5d] ! "w ( 8 rival sc>cely recognisable71 & to ! entire devotion ( 8 subord9ates4 ,he mu/ h be5 pleas$2 b ,sali]i 0 n only envi\s1 he 0 also a great musician4 ,he _h read ! score ( ,don ,giovanni1 & y "k t ! works "o reads ) ! greate/ att5tion are ^? ( "o's enemies4 ,) :at admiration & despair x mu/ h fill$ ! he>t ( an arti/ :o 0 ev5 m ambiti\s ( true glory ?an ( m]e r5[n6 ,:at mu/ he h felt 9 8 inmo/ s\l6 ,& :at s]p5ts mu/ aga9 h crawl$ & hiss$ 9 ! wrea? ( laurel :i* 0 plac$ on 8 head6 ,9 spite ( ! fiasco ( 8 op]a1 :i* he seems to h =ese51 & to :i*1 at all ev5ts1 he resign$ himself ) great calmness1 ,moz>t1 d\btless1 m happy ?an 8 conqu]or1 add$ a few 'numb]s1' ea* a ma/]piece to 8 score4 ,f\r new pieces 7 writt5 = x1 at ! reque/ ( ! ,vi5nese s+]s4 ,m4 ,oulibi*eff's compatriot ,p\%k9 has writt5 an admirable /udy on ! subject pres5t$ above 9 a few sugge/ive phrases by ,moz>t's biograph]4 ,un=tunately1 x is impossible 9 ^! volumes to f9d a place = ! ,russian poet's ,moz>t & ,sali]i4 ,aft] ! failure ( ,don ,giovanni at ,vi5na1 a numb] ( p]sons 7 speak+ ( x 9 a room :]e ,haydn & ! pr9cipal connoisseurs ( ! place 7 assembl$4 ,e "o agre$ 9 pron\nc+ x a mo/ e/imable "w1 b1 also1 e "o _h some?+ to say aga9/ x4 ,at la/1 ,haydn1 :o1 hi!rto1 _h n spok5 a ^w1 0 ask$ to give 8 op9ion4 ,i d n feel myself 9 a position to decide ?is dispute1 he answ]$4 ,all ,i "k & c assure y ( is t ,moz>t is ! greate/ compos] ( our "t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,z ,sali]i's ,assur completely eclips$ ,don ,giovanni1 s1 previ\sly1 did ,m>t9i's ,cosa ,r>a1 ! ,nozze di ,fig>o4 ,bo? ^! ph5om5a manife/$ !mselves at ,vi5na1 & ! read] has already be5 rem9d$ t ! fate ( ! ,nozze di ,fig>o is allud$ to 9 ,don ,giovanni4 ,all ! airs play$ by ! h]o's musicians 9 ! supp] sc5e are tak5 f ! op]as :i* 7 mo/ 9 vogue :5 ,moz>t produc$ 8 great "w2 su* z ,la ,cosa ,r>a1 ,fr due ,litiganti t]zo gode1 & ,i ,pret5d5ti ,burlati4 ,leporello calls att5tion to ! melodies z ! or*e/ra on ! /age plays !m1 & :51 to t]m9ate ! s]ies1 ! cl>ionets /rike up ,non piu &rai1 he exclaims ,que/o lo conosco pur troppo6 ,i "k ?is "o only too well6 ,) ! exception ( ,non piu &rai1 :i* ! ,vi5nese c\ld n tol]ate ! fir/ "t !y he>d x1 none ( ! airs introduc$ 9 ! ,don ,giovanni supp] sc5e w\ld be kn[n 9 ! pres5t day1 b = ,don ,giovanni4 99 99 99 99 99 ,don ,giovanni1 compos$ by ,moz>t to ,da ,ponte's libretto 7:i* is f\nd$ on ,molire's ,fe/9 de ,pi]re1 :i* is imitat$ f ,tirso di ,mol9a's ,el ,burlador di ,siviglia1 :i* seems to h _h its orig9 9 a v anci5t leg5d#gf71 0 produc$ at ,prague1 on ! #d? ( ,novemb]1 #aghg4 ,! subject _h already be5 treat$ 9 a ballet1 9 f\r acts1 = :i* ,gluck wrote ! music 7produc$ at ,p>ma 9 #ageh2 & long be=e ! production ( ,moz>t's ,don ,giovanni1 x _h be5 dramatis$ 9 "s %ape or o!r 9 almo/ e c\ntry 9 ,europe1 & especially 9 ,spa91 ,italy1 & ,france1 :]e sev]al v]sions ( ! ,italian ,il ,convitato di ,pietra 7 be+ play$1 :5 ,molire fir/ br\ght out 8 s-call$ ,fe/9 de ,pi]re4 ,! orig9al ca/ ( ,don ,giovanni at ,prague 0 z foll[s3-- ,donna ,anna1 ,t]esa ,saporiti4 ,elvira1 ,cat>9a ,micelli4 ,z]l9a1 ,madame ,bond9i 7,cat>9a ,saporiti74 ,don ,giovanni1 ,bassi 7,luigi74 ,ottavio1 ,baglioni 7,antonio74 ,leporello1 ,ponziani 7,felice74 ,don ,p$ro1 ,lolli 7,guiseppe74 ,masetto1 ! same4 ,righ9i1 ( ,bologna1 _h produc$ 8 op]a ( ,don ,giovanni1 ossia il ,convitato di ,pietra1 at ,prague1 only eight ye>s be=e1 = :i* reason ! title ( ,il ,dissoluto ,punito 0 giv5 to ,moz>t's "w4 ,x 0 n until "s ye>s aft]w>ds t x receiv$ ! "n by :i* x is n[ univ]sally kn[n4 ,sid5ote3 ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,al?\gh ! "p ( ,don ,giovanni 0 writt5 = a b>itone1 t5ors1 su* z ,tac*9>di & ,g>cia1 h (t5 play$ x1 & frequ5tly ) great] success ?an ! majority ( b>itones h obta9$4 ,b no individual success ( a fav\rite s+] c comp5sate = ! transpositions & *anges t h to be effect$ 9 ,moz>t's ma/]piece1 :5 ! "* ( ! h]o is assign$ to a vocali/ :o _c execute ! music :i* ( "r belongs to x4 ,x has be5 said t ,moz>t wrote ! "p ( ,don ,giovanni = a b>itone1 because x s happ5$ t ! b>itone at ! ,prague !atre1 ,bassi1 0 ! be/ s+] ( ! company2 b x is n to be imag9$ t ! musical *>act]ization ( ! p]sonages 9 ! mo/ truly dramatic op]a ev] writt51 0 ! result ( any?+ b ! compos]'s well-consid]$ design4 ,don ,giovanni 0 n int5d$ = ,vi5na1 b = ,prague1 ,moz>t is report$ to h said4 ,! tru?1 h[ev]1 is1 he add$1 t ,i wrote x = myself1 & a few fri5ds4 ,accord+ly1 ! great compos] 0 n ?9k+ ( ,bassi at ! "t4 ,x w\ld be easy1 moreov]1 to %[1 t ?\gh ! mo/ fem99e ( male voices may suit ! ord9>y jeune premi]1 or premi] am\reux1 !re is no?+ t5or-l 9 ! temp]am5t ( a ,don ,giovanni2 deceiv+ all wom51 defy+ all m51 break+ all laws1 human & div9e1 & an unbeliev] 9 ev]y?+--ev5 9 ! p[] ( eque/rian /atues to get (f _! horses1 & sit d[n to supp]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,b1 let u n consid] :e!r or n ,f9 *' han dal v9o is improv$ by be+ sung 7z t5or ,don ,giovannis sometimes s+ x7 a f\r? high] ?an x 0 writt5 by ,moz>t2 or :e!r x is tol]able t ! conc]t$ pieces 9 :i* ,don ,giovanni takes "p %\ld be1 n transpos$ 7= t w\ld be insuffici5t1 or1 r1 w\ld increase ! difficulties ( execution7 b s alt]$1 t 9 "s passages ! orig9al design ( ! compos] is entirely p]v]t$4 ,let u simply repeat ! maxim1 on :i* x is impossible to lay too mu* /ress1 t ! "w ( a great ma/] %\ld n be t\*$1 re-t\*$1 or 9 any mann] int]f]$ )1 "u any pretext4 ,!re is1 absolutely1 no excuse = manag]s mutilat+ ,don ,giovanni2 n ev5 ! excuse t 9 its orig9al =m ?is inexhau/ible op]a does n draw4 ,x has already liv$1 & ) full1 unfail+ life1 = ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury4 ,x has surviv$ all sorts ( revolutions 9 ta/e1 & especially 9 musical ta/e4 ,!re are n[ no ,emp]ors ( ,g]many4 ,prague has become a ?ird-rate city4 ,t ,g]man ,op]a1 :i* ,moz>t orig9at$ ) 8 ,entfhrung aus dem ,s]ail1 has atta9$ a gr& developm5t1 & among its compos]s has numb]$ ,bee?ov51 ,web]1 & ! latt]'s foll[]1 & occasional imitator1 ,mey]be]4 ,ross9i has appe>$ ) 8 s$uctive melody1 & 8 brilliant1 sonor\s or*e/ra4 ,b ju/ice is /ill--m ?an ev]--done to ,moz>t4 ,! v]dict ( ,prague is ma9ta9$2 & ?is ye>1 z t51 tw5ty1 =ty ye>s ago1 if ! manag] ( ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,london1 ,p>is1 or ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 has _h = "s "t pa/ a s]ies ( empty h\ses1 he takes an op]a1 sev5ty-f\r ye>s ( age1 & :i*1 accord+ to all ord9>y musical calculations1 ought long s9ce to h _h1 at lea/1 "o act 9 ! grave1 dresses x badly1 puts x badly on ! /age1 ) su* sc5]y z w\ld be ?\ght unwor?y ( ,v]di1 & haz>d\s = ,mey]be]1 ann\nces ,don ,giovanni1 & e place 9 ! !atre is tak56 99 99 99 99 99 ,al?\gh ,moz>t's g5ius 0 fully ackn[l$g$ by ! greate/ musicians1 among 8 contempor>ies 7! read] already kn[s :at ,haydn said ( him1 & :at ,cim>osa repli$ :5 he 0 address$ z 8 sup]ior71 8 music f\nd an e*o 9 ! he>ts ( only a v small portion ( ! ord9>y public4 ,admir$ at ,prague1 condemn$ at ,vi5na1 unkn[n 9 ! re/ ( ,europe1 x may be said1 ) only too mu* tru?1 t ,moz>t's ma/]-pieces1 speak+ g5]ally1 met ) no recognition until aft] 8 dea?2 ) no fitt+ recognition until long aft]w>ds4 ,f ! sl[1 /rong1 oak-l gr[? ( ,moz>t's fame1 n[ fl\ri%+1 & /ill increas+ e day1 we may see1 n = 8 "n alone1 b = 8 music1 a cont9u$ celebrity & popul>ity1 :i* w probably endure z long z our mod]n civilization4 ,i h already spok5 ( ! effects ( ! la/ g5]al w> 9 *eck+ lit]>y & arti/ic communication betwe5 ! nations ( ,europe4 ,?is w1 9 "p1 acc\nt = ,moz>t's ma/]-piece n hav+ be5 p]=m$ at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is until #ahaa1 nor 9 ,london until aft] ! peace1 9 #ahag4 ,9 ! ,p>is ca/1 ! "p ( ,don ,giovanni 0 assign$ to a t5or1 ,tac*9>di2 & :5 ! op]a 0 reviv$ at ! same !atre 7:i* 0 n until n9e ye>s aft]w>ds71 ,tac*9>di 0 replac$ by ,g>cia4 ,! fir/ ,don ,giovanni :o appe>$ 9 ,london1 0 ! celebrat$ b>itone1 ,ambrogetti4 ,among ! o!r di/+ui%$ s+]s :o h appe>$ z ,don ,giovanni1 ) great success1 may be m5tion$ ,n\rrit1 ! t5or2 ,labla*e 79 #ahcb71 be=e he _h id5tifi$ himself ) ! "p ( ,leporello2 ,tambur9i1 & ,i suppose ,i mu/ n[ add1 ,m>io2 ?\gh ?is great arti/ has be5 se5 & he>d to m advantage 9 o!r *>act]s4 ,! la/ great ,don ,giovanni kn[n to ! pres5t g5]ation 0 ,signor ,tambur9i4 ,x is a rem>kable fact1 well wor? ! consid]ation ( manag]s1 :o are incl9$ to take lib]ties ) ,moz>t's ma/]-piece1 t :5 ,g>cia1 ! t5or1 appe>$ 9 ,london z ,don ,giovanni1 aft] ,ambrogetti1 ! b>itone1 he produc$ comp>atively b little effect2 ?\gh ,g>cia 0 "o ( ! mo/ accompli%$ musicians1 &1 probably1 ! v be/ s+] ( 8 day4 ,)\t go+ back aga9 to ! orig9al ca/1 ,i may notice among ! mo/ celebrat$ ,donna ,annas1 ,madame ,ronzi de ,begnis1 ,mademoiselle ,sontag1 ,madame ,grisi1 ,mademoiselle ,sophie ,cruvelli1 & ,mademoiselle ,titi5s4 ,among ! ,z]l9as1 ,madame ,fodor1 ,madame ,malibran1 ,madame ,p]siani#gg1 & ,madame ,bosio4 ,sid5ote3 ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,among ! ,don ,ottavios1 ,rub9i & ,m>io4 ,porto is said to h be5 p>ticul>ly admirable z ,masetto1 & ,angrisani & ,angel9i z ! comm&ant4 ,c]ta9ly1 no "o liv+ has he>d a bett] ,leporello ?an ,labla*e4 ,mr4 ,eb]s tells u1 9 8 ,sev5 ,ye>s ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 t ,don ,giovanni 0 br\ght out by ,mr4 ,ayrton 9 #ahag1 9 opposition to a vexati\s cabal1 & 9 despite ( difficulties ( _m k9ds :i* w\ld h det]r$ a less decid$ & p]sev]+ manag]4 ,nev]!less1 x fill$ ! boxes & b5*es ( ! !atre = ! :ole season1 & re/or$ to a fl\ri%+ condition ! f9ances ( ! conc]n1 :i* 7 9 an almo/ exhau/$ /ate4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,diplomati/s ,,& ,,danc]s4 ,! w>1 s injuri\s to ! ,op]a1 _h a /ill m disa/r\s effect on ! ballet1 a fact = :i* we h ! au?ority ( ! manag] & au?or f :om ,i h j quot$4 ,! procra/9at$ w>1 says ,mr4 ,eb]s1 :i*1 until ! treaty ( ,aix-la-,*apelle1 _h kept ,engl& & ,france 9 ho/ilities1 _h r5d]$ ! importation ( danc]s f ! latt] c\ntry almo/ impracticable4 ,mr4 ,wat]s1 ,mr4 ,eb]s' pr$ecessor1 _h repeat$ly endeav\r$ to prevail on ,fr5* danc]s to come to ,engl&1 ei!r ) ! congs1 if atta9able1 or by su* cl&e/9e means z c\ld be c>ri$ into effect4 ,he fail$2 & we are told t 8 want ( success 9 ?is respect 0 "o cause ( ! disagreem5t betwe5 himself & ! committee ( ! !atre1 :i* l$ soon aft]w>ds to 8 ab&on+ ! managem5t4 ,mr4 ,eb]s1 h[ev]1 te/ifies f 8 own exp]i5ce to ! almo/ insup]able difficulty ( induc+ ! directors ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a to c$e any ( _! pr9cipal p]=m]s ev5 = a few weeks to ! late enemies ( _! c\ntry4 ,:5 ! danc]s 7 will+ to accept ! t]ms (f]$ to !m1 x 0 impossible to obta9 leave f ! m9i/] entru/$ ) ! supreme direction ( op]atic affairs2 if ! m9i/] 0 will+1 !n objections came f ! ballet itself4 ,x 0 necess>y to secure ! aid ( ! highe/ diplomati/s1 & ! engagem5t ( a few fir/ danc]s & coryphes 0 made z important an affair z ! sign+ ( a treaty ( comm]ce4 ,! special envoy1 ! ,cobd5 ( ! affair1 0 ,monsieur ,boisg]>d1 an ex-(fic] 9 ! ,fr5* army "u ! ,b\rbons1 & actually ! second ballet-ma/] ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre2 b all (ficial correspond5ce connect$ ) ! negotiation _h to be transmitt$ ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,engli% ambassador at ,p>is to ! ,b>on de la ,f]t4 ,boisg]>d arriv$ 9 ,p>is furni%$ ) lett]s ( introduction f ! five noblem5 :o at t "t =m$ a committee ( sup]9t5d5ce to aid ,mr4 ,eb]s 9 ! managem5t ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 & direct$ all 8 att5tion & en]gy t[>ds =m+ an engagem5t ) ,bigott9i & ,noblet1 ! pr9cipal danseuses1 & ,alb]t1 ! premi] danseur ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a4 ,9 spite ( 8 excell5t recomm5dations1 ( ! e/eem 9 :i* he 0 himself held by 8 num]\s fri5ds 9 ,p>is1 & ( ! int]e/ ( a danc] nam$ ,de%ayes1 :o appe>s to h readily jo9$ 9 ! conspiracy1 & :o 0 aft]w>ds rew>d$ = 8 aid ) a lucrative engagem5t z fir/ ballet-ma/] at ! ,london ,op]a ,h\se--9 spite ( all ^! advantages x 0 impossible1 = "s "t1 to obta9 any concessions f ! ,acadmie4 ,to beg9 )1 ,bigott9i1 ,noblet & ,alb]t refus$ po9t blank to leave ,p>is4 ,m4 ,boisg]>d1 h[ev]1 z a ballet-ma/] & a man ( ! _w1 und]/ood t ?is 0 int5d$ only z an invitation = l>g] (f]s2 & f9ally all ?ree 7 engag$1 conditionally on _! congs be+ obta9$ f ! directors ( ! !atre4 ,n[ ! real difficulty began2 n[ ! influ5ce ( ! five ,engli% noblem5 0 br\ght to be>2 n[ despat*es 7 int]*ang$ betwe5 ! ,briti% ambassador 9 ,p>is & ! ,b>on de la ,f]t1 int5dant ( ! royal !atres2 n[ consultations took place betwe5 ! said int5dant & ! ,visc\nt de la ,ro*ef\cault1 aide-de-camp ( ! k+1 entru/$ ) ! dep>tm5t ( f9e arts 9 ! m9i/ry ( ! k+'s h\sehold2 & betwe5 ! said arti/ic (fic] ( ! k+'s h\sehold & ,duplanty1 ! adm9i/rator ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 & ( ! ,italian ,op]a4 ,! result ( all ?is negotiation 01 t ! adm9i/ration fir/ hesitat$ & f9ally refus$ to all[ ,mademoiselle ,bigott9i to visit ,engl& on any t]ms2 b1 aft] consid]able tr\ble1 ! ,fr5* ag5ts 9 ! s]vice ( ,mr4 ,eb]s obta9$ p]mission = ,alb]t & ,noblet to accept engagem5ts = two mon?s1--x be+ fur!r arrang$ t1 at ! expiration ( t p]iod1 !y %\ld be replac$ by ,c\lon & ,fanny ,bias4 ,alb]t 0 to receive fifty p\nds = e night ( p]=mance1 & tw5ty-five p\nds = 8 travell+ exp5ses4 ,noblet's t]ms 7 five hundr$ & fifty p\nds = ! two mon?s1 ) tw5ty-five p\nds = exp5ses4 ,c\lon & ,bias 7 ea* to receive ! same t]ms z ,noblet4 ,?ree o!r danc]s1 ,montessu1 ,lacombe1 & ,mademoiselle de ,v>5nes1 7 at ! same "t giv5 ov] to ,mr4 ,eb]s = an entire season1 & he 0 all[$ to reta9 all 8 prison]s--t is to say1 ^? memb]s ( ! ,acadmie1 ) ,mademoiselle ,mlanie at _! head1 :om previ\s manag]s _h tak5 f ! ,fr5* prior to ! fri5dly & pacific embassy ( ,m4 ,boisg]>d4 ,an attempt 0 made to secure ! s]vices ( ,mademoiselle ,elisa1 b )\t avail4 ,m4 & ,mademoiselle ,paul ent]$ into an agreem5t1 b ! adm9i/ration refus$ to ratify x2 o!rwise1 ) a little enc\ragem5t1 ,mr4 ,eb]s w\ld probably h engag$ ! entire ballet ( ! ,acadmie ,royale4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mademoiselle ,,noblet4 ,male danc]s h1 ,i am glad to ?9k1 nev] be5 mu* e/eem$ 9 ,engl&2 & ,alb]t1 ?\gh successful en\gh1 produc$ no?+ l ! same impression 9 ,london :i* he 0 9 ! habit ( caus+ 9 ,p>is4 ,mademoiselle ,noblet's danc+1 on ! o!r h&1 excit$ ! greate/ en?usiasm1 & ! subscrib]s made all possible ex]tions to obta9 a prolongation ( h] cong :5 ! "t = h] return to ! ,acadmie arriv$4 ,noblet's p]=mance 9 ! ballet ( ,n9a 7( :i* ! subject is id5tical ) t ( ,paisiello's op]a ( ! same "n7 is said to h be5 p>ticul>ly admirable1 especially = ! great dramatic tal5t :i* %e exhibit$ 9 p\rtray+ ! h]o9e's melan*oly madness4 ,n9a 0 ann\nc$ = ,mademoiselle ,noblet's b5efit1 on a night n approv$ by ! ,"l ,*amb]la9--ei!r because x int]f]$ ) "s ( ! c\rt regulations1 or = "s o!r reason n expla9$4 ,! secret>y to ! committee ( ! ,op]a 0 direct$ to address a lett] to ! ,*amb]la91 repres5t+ to him h[ inconv5i5t x w\ld be to po/pone ! b5efit1 z ! cong ( ! bnficiaire 0 n[ on ! po9t ( expir+4 ,"l ,h]t=d1 ) becom+ polit5ess1 wrote ! foll[+ lett]1 :i* %[s ) :at deep int]e/ ! graceful danc] inspir$ ev5 ^? :o knew h] only by reputation4 ,! lett] 0 address$ to ! ,m>quis ( ,ailesbury1 "o ( ! memb]s ( ! op]atic committee4 ,,my ,,de> ,,"l1--,i h ?is mom5t 7elev5 o'clock7 receiv$ y\r lett]1 :i* ,i h s5t to ! ,*amb]la9's (fice to ,mr4 ,ma%2 & z ,mademoiselle ,noblet is a v pretty woman z ,i am told1 ,i hope %e w call !re to assi/ 9 ! solicitation :i* int]e/s h] s mu*4 ,n hav+ be5 = _m ye>s at ! op]a1 except = ! s+le purpose ( att5d+ 8 maje/y1 ,i am no judge ( ! propriety ( h] reque/ or ! objections :i* may arise to ! po/ponem5t ( h] b5efit = "o day at s %ort a notice4 ,i hope ! fair solicitress w be prep>$ ) an answ] on ?is "p ( ! subject1 z x is always my wi% to accommodate y2 & ,i rema9 mo/ s9c]ely y\r v fai?ful s]vant1 ,,+ram ,,h]t=d4 ,man*e/] ,squ>e1 ,april #bi?1 #ahba4 ,mademoiselle ,noblet's b5efit hav+ tak5 place1 ! subscrib]s1 horrifi$ at ! notion t !y _h n[1 p]haps1 se5 h] = ! la/ "t1 det]m9$1 9 spite ( all ob/acles1 9 spite ev5 ( ! v explicit agreem5t betwe5 ! director ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre & ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,acadmie ,royale1 t %e %\ld rema9 9 ,london4 ,! danseuse 0 will+ en\gh to prolong h] /ay1 b ! au?orities at ! ,fr5* ,op]a prote/$4 ,! ,academy ( ,music 0 n go+ to be depriv$ 9 ?is way ( "o ( ! greate/ ornam5ts ( its ballet1 & ! ,c\nt de ,c>aman1 on behalf ( ! ,academy1 call$ on ! committee to direct ,mr4 ,eb]s to s5d ov] to ,p>is1 )\t delay1 ! p]=m]s ^: congs 7 n[ at an end4 ,! memb]s ( ! committee repli$ t !y _h only p[] to int]f]e z reg>d$ ! *oice ( op]as & ballets1 & t !y _h no?+ to d ) agreem5ts betwe5 ! manag] & ! p]=m]s4 ,!y add$1 t !y _h c]ta9ly employ$ _! influ5ce ) ! ,engli% ambassador at ,p>is at ! comm5cem5t ( ! season1 to obta9 ! be/ arti/s f t city2 b x appe>+ t ! ,academy 0 n dispos$ to grant congs = ,london1 ev5 to arti/s1 = ^: s]vices ! ,academy _h no occasion1 ! committee _h det]m9$ n aga9 to m$dle 9 t bran* ( ! managem5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,t]psi*orean ,,treaty4 ,! ,fr5* n[ s5t ov] an ambassador extraord9>y1 ! ,b>on de la ,f]t himself1 to negotiate = ! re/oration ( ! des]t]s4 ,x 0 decid$1 h[ev]1 t !y %\ld be p]mitt$ to rema9 until ! end ( ! season2 &1 moreov]1 t two fir/ & two second danc]s %\ld be all[$ annually to come to ,london1 b only "u ! precise /ipulations conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ treaty1 :i* 0 sign$ betwe5 ,mr4 ,eb]s1 on ! "o h&1 & ,m4 ,duplantys on ! "p ( ,visc\nt de la ,ro*ef\cault1 on ! o!r4 ,! adm9i/ration ( ! ,!atre ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 wi%+ to facilitate to ! adm9i/ration ( ! !atre ( ,london1 ! means ( mak+ kn[n ! ,fr5* arti/s ( ! ballet )\t ?is advantage be+ prejudicial to ! ,op]a ( ,p>is2 ,cons5ts to grant to ,mr4 ,eb]s = ea* season1 ! fir/ comm5c+ on ! #aj? ( ,janu>y1 & end+ ! #bj? ( ,april1 & ! second end+ ! #a/ ( ,augu/1 two fir/ danc]s1 two figurants1 & two figurantes2 b 9 mak+ ?is concession1 ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music res]ves ! "r ( only all[+ ^? danc]s to leave ,p>is to :om x may be conv5i5t to grant a cong2 ?is rule applies equally to ! figurants & figurantes4 ,none ( !m c leave ! ,p>is !atre except by ! =mal p]mission ( ! au?orities4 ,& 9 return = ^! concessions1 ,mr4 ,eb]s promises to engage no danc] until he has fir/ obta9$ ! necess>y au?orization 9 accordance ) 8 dem&4 ,he engages n "u any pretext to keep ! pr9cipal danc]s a long] "t ?an has be5 agre$ )\t a fre% p]mission1 & above all1 to make !m no (f]s ) ! view ( entic+ !m f _! p]man5t engagem5ts ) ! ,fr5* au?orities4 ,! pres5t treaty is = ! space ( 99 99 994 ,9 case ( ,mr4 ,eb]s fail+ 9 "o ( ! articles ( ! said treaty1 ! :ole treaty becomes null & void4 ,sid5ote3 ,,boisg]>d ,,9 ,,! ,,temple4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m>ia ,,m]c&otti4 ,! prime mov] 9 ! diplomatic transactions :i* _h ! effect ( secur+ ,mademoiselle ,noblet f> ! ,london ,op]a 01 z ,i h said1 ! ballet ma/]1 ,boisg]>d1 =m]ly an (fic] 9 ! ,fr5* army4 ,9 a *apt] :i* is int5d$ to %[ to "s ext5t ! effect on op]a ( ! di/urb$ /ate ( ,europe consequ5t on ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 x w1 p]haps1 n be out ( place to relate a v d>+ exploit p]=m$ by ! said ,m4 ,boisg]>d1 :i* 0 ! cause ( 8 adopt+ an op]atic c>e]4 ,?is g5tleman1 says ,mr4 ,eb]s1 9 ! acc\nt publi%$ by him ( 8 adm9i/ration ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre f #ahba to #ahbh1 0 a ,fr5*man ( good extraction1 & at ! p]iod ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 0 atta*$ to ! royal p>ty4 ,:5 ,sir ,sidney ,smi? 0 conf9$ 9 ! ,temple1 ,boisg]>d act$ up to 8 pr9ciples by attempt+1 & ) great p]sonal risk1 effect+ ! escape ( t di/+ui%$ (fic]1 ^: fri5ds 7 mak+ e ef=t = 8 lib]ation4 ,hav+ obta9$ an impression ( ! seal ( ! ,directorial ,gov]nm5t1 he affix$ x to an ord]1 =g$ by himself1 = ! deliv]y ( ,sir ,sidney ,smi? into 8 c>e4 ,accompani$ by a fri5d1 disguis$ l himself1 9 ! uni=m ( an (fic] ( ! revolution>y army1 he did n scruple p]sonally to pres5t ! fictiti\s docum5t to ! keep] ( ! ,temple1 :o1 op5+ a small closet1 took !nce "s orig9al docum5t1 ) ! writ+ & seal ( :i*1 he c>efully comp>$ ! =g$ ord]4 ,desir+ ! adv5tur]s to wait a few m9utes1 he !n )drew1 & lock$ ! door aft] him4 ,giv+ !mselves up = lo/1 ! conf$]ate det]m9$ to resi/1 sword 9 h&1 any attempt made to secure !m4 ,! p]iod :i* ?us elaps$1 may be imag9$ z "o ( ! mo/ horrible susp5se to ,boisg]>d & 8 companion2 8 own acc\nt ( 8 feel+s at ! "t 0 extremely int]e/+4 ,left alone1 & 9 d\bt :e!r ea* succe$+ mom5t might n be att5d$ by a discov]y involv+ ! safety ( 8 life1 ! acut5ess ( 8 organs ( s5se 0 height5$ to pa9fulness2 ! lea/ noise ?rill$ ?r\gh 8 bra91 & ! gloomy ap>tm5t 9 :i* he sat seem$ fill$ ) /range images4 ,!y pres]v$ _! self-possession1 &1 aft] ! lapse ( a few m9utes1 _! anxiety 0 det]m9$ by ! re-appe>ance ( ! gaol]1 accompani$ by 8 captive1 :o 0 deliv]$ to ,boisg]>d4 ,b "h a new & unlook$ = difficulty occurr$2 ,sir ,sidney ,smi?1 n kn[+ ,boisg]>d1 refus$1 = "s "t1 to quit ! prison2 & consid]able address 0 requir$ on ! "p ( 8 deliv]]s to ov]come 8 scruples4 ,at la/1 ! prec9cts ( ! ,temple 7 cle>$2 &1 aft] go+ a %ort di/ance 9 a fiacre1 !n walk+1 !n ent]+ ano!r c>riage1 & s on1 adopt+ e means ( baffl+ pursuit1 ! fugitives got to ,havre1 :]e ,sir ,sidney 0 put on bo>d an ,engli% vessel4 ,boisg]>d1 on 8 return to ,p>is 7= he quitt$ ,sir ,sidney at ,havre7 0 a ?\s& times 9 dread ( detection2 t>ry+ at an aub]ge1 he 0 ask$ :e!r he _h he>d ! news ( ,sir ,sidney's escape2 ! qu]i/ add+1 t f\r p]sons _h be5 arre/$ on suspicion ( hav+ be5 in/rum5tal 9 x4 ,h[ev]1 he escap$ all ^! dang]s1 & cont9u$ at ,p>is until 8 visit to ,engl&1 :i* took place aft] ! peace ( ,ami5s4 ,a p5sion _h be5 grant$ to ,sir ,sidney ,smi? = 8 m]itori\s s]vices2 &1 on ,boisg]>d's arrival "h1 a rew>d ( a simil> nature 0 be/[$ on him ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,sir ,sidney1 :o took e opportunity ( te/ify+ 8 gratitude4 ,we h already se5 t ?\gh ! int]national "* ( ! ,op]a mu/ always be s]i\sly int]f]$ ) by int]national w>s1 ! intellig5t milit>y amateur may yet be able to turn 8 ,european campaign+ to "s op]atic advantage4 ,! ,fr5* (fic]s acquir$ a ta/e = ,italian music 9 ,italy4 ,s an ,engli% (fic] s]v+ 9 ! ,p59sula1 imbib$ a passion = ,spani% danc+1 to :i* 0 due ! *oregraphic exi/5ce ( ! celebrat$ ,m>ia ,m]c&otti1--by all acc\nts "o ( ! mo/ beautiful girls & "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ danc]s t ! _w ev] saw4 ,?is ine/imable treasure 0 discov]$ by ,"l ,fife--a ke5-ey$ connoisseur1 :o :5 ,m>ia 0 b a *ild1 =etold ! position %e w\ld "o day occupy1 if h] "m w\ld b all[ h] to jo9 ! danc+ s*ool ( ! ,fr5* ,academy4 ,madame ,m]c&otti br\ght h] daught] to ,engl& :5 %e 0 fifte54 ,! "y ,spani>d danc$ a bol]o "o night at ! ,op]a1 repeat$ x a few days aft]w>ds at ,brighton1 be=e ,que5 ,*>lotte1 & !n set (f to ,p>is1 :]e %e jo9$ ! ,acadmie4 ,aft] a v %ort p]iod ( /udy1 %e made h] db ) success1 su* z sc>cely any danc] _h obta9$ at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 s9ce ! "t ( ,la ,cam>go--h]self1 by ! way1 a ,spani>d4 ,mademoiselle ,m]c&otti came to ,london1 0 receiv$ ) ! greate/ en?usiasm1 0 ! fa%ionable !me ( "o entire op]atic season1 _h a numb] ( poems1 valuable pres5ts1 & (f]s ( undy+ affection address$ to h]1 & end$ by m>ry+ ,mr4 ,hughes ,ball4 ,! production ( ?is danseuse appe>s to h se5 ! la/ direct result ( t scatt]+ ( ! amateurs ( "o nation among ! arti/s ( ano!r1 :i* 0 produc$ by ! ,european convulsions ( f #aghi to #ahae4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,mann]s ,,& ,,cu/oms ,,at ,,! ,,london ,,op]a1 ,,half ,a ,,c5tury ,,s9ce4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,manag] ,,9 ,,! ,,b5*4 ,a complete ,hi/ory ( ! ,op]a w\ld include a hi/ory ( op]atic music1 a hi/ory ( op]atic danc+1 a hi/ory ( ! *ief op]atic !atres1 & a hi/ory ( op]atic society4 ,i h made no attempt to treat ! subject on su* a gr& scale2 b ?\gh ,i %all h little to say ab\t ! pr9cipal lyrical !atres ( ,europe1 or ( ! habits ( op]a-go]s z a ,european class1 !re is "o great musical dramatic e/abli%m5t1 to ^: =tunes ,i mu/ pay "s special att5tion1 & conc]n+ ^: audi5ces mu* may be said t w at lea/ int]e/ an ,engli% read]4 ,aft] sev]al divid$ reigns at ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 at ,cov5t ,g>d51 at ! ,pan!on1 & at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ,italian ,op]a f\nd itself1 9 #agic1 e/abli%$ solely & maje/ically at ! la/ ( ^! h\ses1 :i* ,i ne$ h>dly rem9d ! read] 0 its fir/ home 9 ,engl&4 ,! managem5t 0 n[ ex]cis$ by ,mr4 ,taylor1 ! proprietor4 ,?is g5tleman1 :o 0 orig9ally a bank]'s cl]k1 appe>s to h _h no qualification = 8 m exalt$ position1 beyond ! some:at que/ionable "o ( a ta/e = speculation4 ,he is describ$ z hav+ _h all ,%]idan's defici5cy ( f9ancial arrangem5t1 )\t t extraord9>y man's res\rces4 ,nev]!less he 0 no bad h& at borr[+ money4 ,all ! advances1 h[ev]1 made to him by 8 fri5ds1 to enable him to und]take ! managem5t ( ! ,op]a1 are said to h be5 repaid4 ,mr4 ,eb]s1 8 n unfri5dly biograph]1 f9ds x difficult to acc\nt = ?is1 & c only expla9 x by ! excell5t support ! ,op]a receiv$ at ! p]iod4 ,mr4 ,taylor 0 :at 9 ! la/ c5tury 0 call$ a humori/4 ,n t he possess$ mu* hum\r1 b he 0 a que]1 ecc5tric man1 & giv5 to practical jokes1 :i*1 9 ! pres5t day1 w\ld n be ?\ght amus+ ev5 by ! fri5ds ( ^? injur$ by !m4 ,on "o occasion1 ,taylor hav+ be5 prevail$ ^u to invite a numb] ( p]sons to breakfa/1 spread a report t he int5d$ to set !m d[n to empty plates4 ,he1 moreov]1 recomm5d$ ea* ( ! gue/s1 9 an anonym\s lett]1 to turn ! tables on ! w\ld-be +5i\s ,taylor1 by tak+ to ! djeun] a supply ( suitable provisions1 s t ! inhospitable invit] might be %am$ & ! invit$ enabl$ to fea/ 9 company1 not)/&+ 8 ma*9ations to ! contr>y4 ,! manag] enjoy$ su* a reputation = lib]ality t no "o d\bt$ ! /atem5t conta9$ 9 ! anonym\s lett]4 ,ea* ( ! gue/s s5t or took 9 8 c>riage a c]ta9 quantity ( eatables1 & :5 all _h arriv$1 ! happy ,taylor f\nd 8 room fill$ ) all ! mat]ials = a mon/] picnic4 ,breakfa/ _h be5 prep>$1 ! gue/s sat d[n to table1 "s amus$1 o!rs disgu/$ at ! hoax :i* _h be5 practis$ ^u !m1 & ,taylor ord]$ ! game1 pres]v$ meats1 lob/]s1 *ampagne1 c41 into 8 own l>d] & w9e cell>4 ,ev5 :ile direct+ ! affairs ( ! ,op]a1 ,taylor pass$ a consid]able portion ( 8 "t 9 ! ,k+'s ,b5*1 or )9 its rules4 ,h[ c y conduct ! managem5t ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 a fri5d ask$ him "o day1 p]petually 9 durance z y are8 ,my de> fell[1 he repli$1 h[ c\ld ,i possibly conduct x if ,i 7 at lib]ty8 ,i %\ld be eat5 up1 sir--dev\r$4 ,"h comes a danc]1--',mr4 ,taylor1 ,i want su* a dress2' ano!r1 ',i want su* & su* ornam5ts4' ,"o s+] dem&s to s+ 9 a "p n allott$ to him2 ano!r1 to h an addition to 8 appo9tm5ts4 ,no1 let me be %ut up & !y g to ,ma/]son 7,taylor's secret>y72 he1 !y are aw>e1 _c g beyond 8 l9e2 b if !y get at me--p%aw6 no man at l>ge c manage t !atre2 & 9 fai?1 he add$1 no man t und]takes x ought to g at l>ge4 ,?\gh ,mr4 ,taylor liv$ )9 ! rules1 ! rules 9 no way gov]n$ him4 ,he w\ld frequ5tly g away = days toge!r into ! c\ntry & amuse himself ) fi%+1 ( :i* he appe>s to h be5 p>ticul>ly fond4 ,at "o "t1 :ile liv+ )9 ! rules1 he inh]it$ a l>ge sum ( money1 :i* he took c>e n to devote to ! paym5t ( 8 debts4 ,he pref]r$ inve/+ x 9 l&1 b\ght an e/ate 9 ! c\ntry 7) good fi%+71 & liv$ = "s mon?s ! quiet1 peaceable life ( an ard5t1 en?usia/ic angl]1 until at la/ ! %]iffs broke 9 ^u 8 repose & c>ri$ him back captive to prison4 ,b ! mo/ extraord9>y exploit p]=m$ by ,taylor dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 suppos$ inc>c]ation1 0 ( a political nature4 ,he w5t d[n to ,hull at ! "t ( an election & actually /ood = ! bor\gh4 ,he 0 n return$--or r he 0 return$ to prison4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,pan!on4 ,"o way & ano!r ,mr4 ,taylor seems to h made a great deal ( money out ( ! ,op]a2 & at "o "t he hit ^u a plan :i* look$ at fir/ z if x _h only to be pursu$ ) boldness to increase 8 income to an indef9ite am\nt4 ,?is simple exp$i5t consi/$ 9 rais+ ! price ( ! subscrib]s' boxes4 ,= ! "o hundr$ & eighty p\nd boxes he *>g$ ?ree hundr$ p\nds1 & s 9 proportion ) all ! o!rs4 ,a meet+ ( subscrib]s hav+ be5 held1 at :i*1 al?\gh ! exp5sive ,catalani 0 engag$1 x 0 decid$ t ! propos$ augm5tation 0 n ju/ifi$ by ! rate ( ! receipts & disbursem5ts1 & ?is decision hav+ be5 communicat$ to ,taylor1 he repli$1 t if ! subscrib]s resi/$ 8 j dem&s he w\ld %ut up _! boxes4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is defiant conduct on ! "p ( ! manag]1 _m ( ! subscrib]s )drew f ! !atre & prevail$ ^u ,caldas1 a ,portuguese w9e m]*ant1 to re-op5 ! ,pan!on = ! p]=mance ( conc]ts & all su* music z c\ld be execut$ )\t infr++ ! lic5ce ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,! ,pan!on speculation prosp]$ at fir/1 b ! sec$]s f ! ,k+'s ,!atre miss$ _! op]as1 & d\btless also _! ballets4 ,a sort ( compromise 0 effect$ betwe5 !m & ,taylor1 :o p]si/$1 h[ev]1 9 keep+ up ! price ( 8 boxes2 & ! un=tunate ,caldas1 utt]ly des]t$ by ^? :o _h dragg$ him f 8 w9e-cell>s to expose him to ! p]ils ( musical speculation1 became a bankrupt4 ,taylor 0 n[ 9 8 turn br\ght to acc\nt4 ,wat]s1 8 p>tn] 9 ! proprietor%ip ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 _h be5 proce$+ aga9/ him 9 ,*anc]y1 & x 0 ord]$ t ! p>tn]%ip %\ld be dissolv$ & ! h\se sold4 ,to ! great annoyance ( ! public1 ! fir/ /ep tak5 9 ! affair 0 to close ! !atre1--! *ancellor1 :o is said to h _h no e> = music1 hav+ refus$ to appo9t a manag]4 ,x 0 propos$ by private fri5ds t ,taylor %\ld c$e 8 int]e/ 9 ! !atre to ,wat]s2 b x 0 difficult to br+ !m to any und]/&+ on ! subject1 or ev5 to arrange an int]view betwe5 !m4 ,wat]s prid$ himself on ! decorum ( 8 conduct1 :ile ,taylor appe>s to h aim$ at q a contr>y reputation4 ,all bus9ess transactions1 prior to ,taylor's arre/1 _h be5 r5d]$ ne>ly impossible betwe5 !m2 because "o w\ld att5d to no affairs on ,sunday1 :ile ! o!r1 ) a j fe> ( writs be=e him1 object$ to %[ himself 9 ,london on any o!r day4 ,! sight ( ,wat]s1 moreov]1 is said to h r5d]$ ,taylor passionate & scurril\s2 & :ile ! negociations 7 be+ c>ri$ on1 ?r\gh int]m$i>ies1 betwe5 himself & 8 p>tn]1 he ent]$ into a treaty ) ! lessee ( ! ,pan!on1 ) ! view ( op5+ x 9 opposition to ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,ultimately1 ! managem5t ( ! !atre 0 confid$1 "u c]ta9 re/rictions1 to ,mr4 ,wat]s2 b ev5 n[ possession 0 n giv5 up to him )\t a /ruggle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,)9 ,,! ,,rules4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,wat]s' p 7 refus$ admittance by ,mr4 ,taylor's p1 words l$ to bl[s4 ,! adh]5ts ( ! =m] p>tn]s1 & actual enemies & rivals1 f\ght valiantly on bo? sides1 b luck _h n[ turn$ aga9/ ,taylor1 & 8 p>ty 7 defeat$ & eject$4 ,t night1 h[ev]1 :5 ! ,wat]sites fanci$ !mselves secure 9 _! /ronghold1 ! ,taylorites attack$ !m2 effect$ a brea* 9 ! /age door1 /orm$ ! passage1 ga9$ admittance to ! /age1 & f9ally drove _! enemies out into ! ,haym>ket4 ,! unmusical *ancellor1 ^: op9ion ( ! ,op]a c\ld sc>cely h be5 improv$ by ! lawless proce$+ ( ^? connect$ ) x1 0 aga9 appeal$ to2 & ,wat]s e/abli%$ himself 9 ! !atre by virtue ( an ord] f ! c\rt4 ,! s]ies ( battles at ! ,k+'s ,!atre t]m9at$ ) ! ,european w>4 ,napoleon 0 at ,elba1 ,mr4 ,taylor /ill 9 ! ,b5*1 :5 ,mr4 ,wat]s op5$ ! ,op]a1 &1 dur+ ! great season :i* foll[$ ! peace ( #ahad1 ga9$ sev5 ?\s& p\nds4 ,taylor appe>s to h end$ 8 days 9 prison2 pr(it+ freely by ! rules1 & :5 at head qu>t]s enjoy+ ! society ( ,sir ,john & ,lady ,ladd4 ,! trio seem1 on ! :ole1 to h l$ a v agreeable prison life 7&1 ?\gh /rictly =bidd5 to w&] f ! jail beyond _! appo9t$ te!r1 appe> 9 _m respects to h be5 rem>kably free47 ,taylor's great natural animal spirits increas$ ) ! w9e he consum$2 & occasionally 8 behavi\r 0 su* z w\ld c]ta9ly h %ock$ ,wat]s4 ,on "o occasion1 8 elation is said to h c>ri$ him s beyond b\nds1 t ,lady ,ladd f\nd x exp$i5t to empty ! tea-kettle ov] him4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mr4 ,,eb]s' ,,managem5t4 ,9 #ahaf ! ,op]a1 by direction ( ! ,*ancellor1 7x 0 a =tunate ?+ t ?is "t he did n ord] x to be pull$ d[n17 0 aga9 put up = sale1 & pur*as$ out & out by ,wat]s = sev5 ?\s& "o hundr$ & fifty p\nds4 ,z ! n[ sole proprietor 0 unable to pay into c\rt ev5 ! fir/ in/alm5t ( ! pur*ase money1#gh he mortgag$ ! !atre1 ) a numb] ( h\ses belong+ to him1 to ,*amb]s ! bank]4 ,taylor1 :o _h no long] any sort ( connection ) ! ,op]a1 at pres5t amus$ himself by writ+ anonym\s lett]s to ,mr4 ,*amb]s1 prophesy+ ! ru9 ( ,wat]s1 & giv+ dismal b grotesque pictures ( ! manag]'s p5niless & bailiff-p]secut$ position4 ,mr4 ,eb]s1 :o 0 a great deal mix$ up ) op]atic affairs be=e assum+ ! absolute direction ( ! ,op]a1 also came 9 = 8 %>e ( ^! epi/les1 :i* e "o seems to h in/antly recognis$ z ! production ( ,taylor4 ,if ,wat]s is ) y at ,brompton1 he once wrote to ,mr4 ,eb]s1 = ,god's sake s5d him away in/antly1 = ! bailiffs 7alias bloodh\nds7 are out aft] him 9 all directions2 & tell ,*amb]s n to let him /ay at ,enfield1 because t is a suspect$ place2 & s is ,lee's 9 ,york ,/reet1 ,we/m9/]1 & ,di ,giovanni1 9 ,smi? ,/reet1 & ,re$'s 9 ,flask ,lane--bo? 9 ,*elsea4 ,x 0 report$ he 0 se5 9 ! lane ne> y\r h\se an ev5+ or two ago1 ) 8 eye black$1 & 9 ! great coat & hat ( a ,*elsea p5sion]4 ,at ano!r "t1 ,mr4 ,*amb]s 0 in=m$ t ,mi*ael ,kelly1 ! s+]1 0 at an hotel at ,brighton1 on ! po9t ( dea?1 & desir\s :ile he yet liv$ to communicate some?+ v important respect+ ,wat]s4 ,! hold] ( ,wat]s' mortgage took a po/ *aise & f\r & hurri$ 9 great al>m to ,brighton1 :]e he f\nd ,mi*ael ,kelly sitt+ 9 8 balcony1 ) a p9e apple & a bottle ( cl>et be=e him4 ,taylor's prophecies conc]n+ ,wat]s1 aft] all1 came true4 ,8 emb>rassm5ts increas$ ye> by ye>1 & 9 #ahbj an execution 0 put into ! !atre at ! suit ( ,*amb]s4 ,t5 p]=mances 7 yet due to ! subscrib]s1 :51 on ! ev5+ ( ! #ae? ( ,augu/1 bills 7 po/$ on ! walls ( ! !atre1 ann\nc+ t ! ,op]a 0 clos$4 ,mr4 ,wat]s did n jo9 8 =m] p>tn] 9 ! ,b5*1 b retir$ to ,calais4 ,mr4 ,eb]s's managem5t comm5c$ 9 #ahba4 ,he =m$ an excell5t company1 ( :i* sev]al s+]s1 /ill "u engagem5t to ,mr4 ,wat]s1 =m$ "p1 & :i* includ$ among ! s+]s1 ,madame ,camporese1 ,madame ,ve/ris1 ,madame ,ronzi de ,begnis2 & ,m4 ,m4 ,ambrogetti1 ,angrisani1 ,begrez1 & ,curioni4 ,! *ief danc]s 7z already m5tion$ 9 ! previ\s *apt]71 7 ,noblet1 ,fanny ,bias1 & ,alb]t4 ,! season 0 a %ort "o1 x 0 consid]$ successful1 ?\gh ! manag] b lo/ money by x4 ,! selection ( op]as 0 admirable1 & consi/$ ( ,pa]'s ,agnese1 ,ross9i's ,gazza ,ladra1 ,tancr$i & ,turco 9 ,italia1 ) ,moz>t's ,clem5za di ,tito1 ,don ,giovanni1 & ,nozze di ,fig>o4 ,! manag]'s losses 7 already sev5 ?\s& p\nds4 ,by way ( enc\rag+ him1 ,mr4 ,*amb]s increas$ 8 r5t ! foll[+ ye> f ?ree ?\s& "o hundr$ & eighty p\nds to t5 ?\s&4 ,x is "r to add1 t 9 ! mean:ile ,mr4 ,*amb]s _h b\ght up ,wat]s's entire int]e/ 9 ! ,op]a = eighty ?\s& p\nds4 ,altoge!r1 by buy+ & sell+ ! !atre1 ,wat]s _h cle>$ no less ?an sev5ty-?ree ?\s& p\nds4 ,n cont5t$ ) ?is1 he no soon] he>d ( ! excell5t t]ms on :i* ,mr4 ,*amb]s _h let ! h\se1 ?an he made an application 7a fruitless "o71 to ! ev]-to-be-torm5t$ ,*ancellor1 to h ! de$ ( sale decl>$ invalid4 ,dur+ ,mr4 ,eb]s's managem5t1 f ! beg9n+ ( #ahba to ! end ( #ahbg1 he lo/ money regul>ly e ye>2 ! smalle/ deficit 9 ! budget ( any "o season be+ t ( ! la/1 :5 ! manag] ?\ght himself =tunate to be m9us only ?ree ?\s& p\nds 7)9 a few sov]eigns74 ,aft] ,mr4 ,eb]s's retirem5t1 ! managem5t ( ! ,op]a 0 und]tak5 by ,messrs4 ,laporte & ,laur5t4 ,mr4 ,laporte 0 succe$$ by ,mr4 ,lumley1 ! hi/ory ( ^: managem5t belongs to a mu* lat] p]iod ?an t treat$ ( 9 ! pres5t *apt]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,k+',s ,,!atre ,,9 #aghi4 ,dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! la/ c5tury1 ! "* ( ! ,london ,op]a ,h\se1 z a fa%ionable place ( ent]ta9m5t1 & 9 "s o!r respects1 appe>s to h consid]ably *ang$4 ,be=e ! fire 9 #aghi1 ! subscription to a box = fifty repres5tations 0 at ! rate ( tw5ty gu9eas a seat4 ,! *>ge = pit tickets 0 at ?is "t t5 %ill+s & sixp5ce2 s t a subscrib] :o meant to be a true habitu1 & visit$ ! ,op]a e night1 sav$ five gu9eas by becom+ a subscrib]4 ,at ?is "t1 too1 ! !atre 0 diff]5tly con/ruct$1 & !re 7 only ?irty-six private boxes1 eighte5 arrang$ 9 ?ree r[s on ea* side ( ! h\se4 ,! boxes1 says ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 9 8 ,musical ,rem9isc5ces1 7 !n mu* l>g] & m commodi\s ?an !y are n[1 & c\ld conta9 ) ease m ?an _! allott$ subscrib]s2 f> diff]5t f ! mis]able pigeon-holes ( ! pres5t !atre1 into :i* six p]sons c sc>cely be squeez$1 :om1 9 mo/ situations1 two-?irds c nev] see ! /age4 ,! front1 cont9ues ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 0 !n occupi$ by op5 public boxes1 or amphi!atre 7z x is call$ 9 ,fr5* !atres71 communicat+ ) ! pit4 ,bo? ( ^! 7 fill$1 exclusively1 ) ! highe/ classes ( society2 all1 )\t exception1 9 full dress1 !n univ]sally worn4 ,! audi5ces ?us assembl$ 7 consid]$ z indisputably pres5t+ a f9] spectacle ?an any o!r !atre 9 ,europe1 & absolutely a/oni%$ ! =eign p]=m]s1 to :om su* a sight 0 entirely new4 ,at ! end ( ! p]=mance1 ! company ( ! pit & boxes repair$ to ! c(fee-room1 :i* 0 !n ! be/ assembly 9 ,london2 private ones be+ r>ely giv5 on op]a nights2 & all ! fir/ society 0 regul>ly to be se5 !re4 ,ov] ! front box 0 ! five %ill+ gall]y2 !n resort$ to by respectable p]sons n 9 full dress3 & above t an upp] gall]y1 to :i* ! admission 0 ?ree %ill+s4 ,subsequ5tly ! h\se 0 encircl$ ) private boxes2 yet /ill ! prices rema9$ ! same1 & ! pit pres]v$ its respectability1 & ev5 gr&eur1 till ! old h\se 0 burnt d[n 9 #aghi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,k+',s ,,!atre ,,9 #aghi4 ,:5 ! ,op]a 0 rebuilt1 ! numb] ( repres5tations = ! season1 0 increas$ to sixty1 & ! subscription 0 at ! same "t rais$ to ?irty gu9eas1 s t ! admission to a box /ill did n exce$ ! price ( a pit ticket4 ,dur+ ! second ye> ( ,catalani's engagem5t1 h[ev]1 :5 %e obta9$ a l>g] sal>y ?an _h ev] be5 paid to a s+] be=e1 ! subscription = a :ole box ) accommodation = six p]sons1 0 rais$ f "o hundr$ & eighty to ?ree hundr$ gu9eas4 ,?is1 x w1 p]haps1 be rememb]$1 0 to "s ext5t a cunn+ device ( ,taylor's2 at lea/1 x 0 consid]$ s at ! "t by ! subscrib]s1 ?\gh ! exp5ses ( ! !atre _h mu* increas$1 & ! t]ms on :i* ,catalani 0 engag$1 7 really enorm\s4#gi ,dr4 ,v]on1 9 8 int]e/+ memoirs 7to :i*1 by ! way1 ,i may ref] all ^? :o desire full p>ticul>s respect+ ! managem5t ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a dur+ ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,mey]be] p]iod7 tells u t1 at ! end ( ! cont95tal w>1 ! price ( ! demi-tasse 9 ! cafs ( ,p>is 0 rais$ f six to eight s\s1 & t x has nev] be5 l[]$4 ,s x is 9 taxation4 ,an impo/ once e/abli%$1 unless ! p absolutely refuse to pay x1 is nev] tak5 (f2 & s x has be5 ) ! boxes at ! ,london ,op]a ,h\se4 ,! price ( ! be/ boxes once rais$ f "o hundr$ & eighty to ?ree hundr$ gu9eas1 0 nev]1 to any consid]able ext5t1 dim9i%$1 & h5ce ! cu/om arose ( halv+ & sub-divid+ ! subscriptions1 s t v few p]sons h n[ ! sole own]%ip ( a box4 ,h5ce1 too1 t ( lett+ !m = ! night1 & sell+ ! tickets :5 ! proprietor does n want !m4 ,?is latt] practice mu/ h _h ! effect ( less5+ consid]ably ! pr(its directly result+ f ! high sums *>g$ = ! boxes4 ,! price ( admission to ! pit be+ t5 %ill+s & six-p5ce1 ! subscrib]s1 ?r\gh ! libr>ians1 & ! libr>ians1 :o _h !mselves speculat$ 9 boxes1 f\nd x necess>y 9 ord] to get rid ( ! box-tickets s+ly1 to sell !m at a r$uc$ price4 ,?is expla9s :y1 = _m ye>s pa/1 ! ord9>y price ( pit tickets at ! libr>ies & at %ops ( all k9ds 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,op]a1 has be5 only eight %ill+s & six-p5ce4 ,no "o b a =eign] or a c\ntryman1 inexp]i5c$ 9 ! ways ( ,london1 w\ld ?9k ( pay+ t5 %ill+s & six-p5ce at ! !atre = admission to ! pit2 inde$1 x is a species ( deception to cont9ue t *>ge at all1 ?\gh x c]ta9ly does happ5 once or twice 9 a great _m ye>s t ! public pr(it by ! e/abli%m5t ( a fix$ (ficial price = pit tickets4 ,?us1 dur+ ! great popul>ity ( ,j5ny ,l9d1 ! box tickets giv+ ! "r ( entry to ! pit1 7 sold = a gu9ea1 & ev5 ?irty %ill+s1 & ?\s&s ( p]sons 7 imbecile en\gh to pur*ase !m1 :]eas1 at ! !atre itself1 anyone c\ld1 z usual1 g into ! pit by pay+ t5 %ill+s & six-p5ce4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,k+',s ,,!atre ,,9 #aghi4 ,=m]ly1 to g back to ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe's int]e/+ rem>ks on ?is subject1 e lady possess+ an op]a box1 consid]$ x z mu* h] home z h] h\se1 & 0 z sure to be f\nd !re1 few miss+ any ( ! p]=mances4 ,if prev5t$ f go+1 ! loan ( h] box & ! gratuit\s use ( ! tickets 0 a fav\r always *e]fully (f]$ & ?ankfully receiv$1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 )\t any idea ( paym5t4 ,!n1 too1 x 0 a fav\r to ask g5tlem5 to belong to a box1 :5 subscrib+ to "o 0 actually advantage\s4 ,n[1 no lady c propose to !m to give h] m ?an d\ble ! price ( ! admission at ! door1 s t hav+ paid s exorbitantly1 e "o is glad to be re-imburs$ a "p1 at lea/1 ( ! great exp5se :i* %e mu/ (t5 support alone4 ,boxes & tickets1 !re=e1 are no long] giv52 !y are let = :at c be got2 = :i* traffic ! circulat+ libr>ies af=d an easy accommodation4 ,_m1 too1 :i* are n tak5 = ! season1 are dispos$ ( 9 ! same mann]1 & are almo/ put up to auction4 ,_! price v>y+ f ?ree to eight1 or ev5 t5 gu9eas1 accord+ to ! p]=mance ( ! ev5+1 & o!r accid5tal circum/ances4 ,f ^! causes ! :ole /yle ( ! op]a h\se1 z reg>ds ! audi5ce1 has become *ang$4 ,! pit has long ceas$ to be ! resort ( ladies ( fa%ion1 &1 latt]ly1 by ! innovations introduc$1 is no long] agreeable to ! =m] male frequ5t]s ( x4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s1 h[ev]1 has be5 alt]$1 if n rem$i$1 f ! op]a-go]s' po9t ( view1 by ! introduction ( /alls :]e ! manag] comp5sates himself = ! slightly r$uc$ price ( pit tickets1 by *>g+ exactly d\ble :at 0 paid = admission to ! pit "u ! old sy/em4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,co/ume ,,9 #ahfa4 ,on ! :ole1 ! ,op]a has become less ari/ocratic1 less respectable1 & f> m exp5sive ?an ( old4 ,^? :o1 "u ! anci5t sy/em1 paid t5 %ill+s & six-p5ce to g to ! pit1 mu/ n[1 to obta9 ! same am\nt ( com=t1 give a gu9ea = a /all1 :ile mo/ improp] company is sometimes to be se5 ev5 9 ! pr9cipal ti]s2 & tickets be>+ ! names ( ladies ( ! highe/ class h be5 pres5t$ by ^? ( ! l[e/1 su* z us$ to be admitt$ only to ! h9dmo/ r[s ( ! gall]y4 ,! la/ rem>k belongs to ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 b x is1 at lea/1 z true n[ z x 0 ?irty ye>s ago4 ,numb]s ( objectionable p]sons g to ! ,op]a z to all o!r public places1 & ,i d n ?9k x w\ld be fair to ! respectable lov]s ( music :o _c af=d to pay m ?an a few %ill+s = _! ev5+'s ent]ta9m5t1 t !y %\ld be all collect$ 9 ! gall]y4 ,x w\ld1 moreov]1 be plac+ too mu* p[] 9 ! h&s ( ! op]atic (ficials1 :o already %[ !mselves suffici5tly sev]e c5sors 9 ! article ( dress4 ,i d n "k :e!r x is *iefly a disgrace to ! ,engli% public or to ! ,engli% sy/em ( op]atic managem5t2 b x c]ta9ly is disgraceful1 t a *eck-tak] at a !atre %\ld be all[$ to ex]cise any sup]vision1 or make ! slighte/ rem>k conc]n+ ! co/ume ( a g5tleman *oos+ to att5d t !atre1 & con=m+ g5]ally 9 8 conduct & by 8 appe>ance to ! usages ( dec5t society4 ,x is n f\nd necess>y to en=ce any regulation z to dress at o!r op]a h\ses1 n ev5 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburgh & ,mosc[1 :]e1 z ! !atres are direct$ by ! ,imp]ial ,gov]nm5t1 "o might expect to f9d a m despotic code ( laws 9 =ce ?an 9 a c\ntry l ,engl&4 ,:5 an ,engli%man goes to a morn+ or ev5+ conc]t1 he does n pres5t himself 9 ! attire ( a scav5g]1 & !re is no reason = suppos+ t he w\ld appe> 9 any unbecom+ g>b1 if lib]ty ( dress 7 p]mitt$ to him at ! ,op]a4 ,! absurdity ( ! pres5t sy/em is t1 :]eas1 a g5tleman :o has come to ,london only = a day or two1 & does n happ5 to h a dress-coat 9 8 portmanteau2 :o happ5s ev5 to be dress$ 9 exact accordance ) ! notions ( ! op]atic *eck-tak]s1 except z to 8 cravat1 :i* we w suppose ?r\gh ! ecc5tricity ( ! we>]1 to be black1 ) ! smalle/ sprig1 or spray1 or spot ( "s col\r on x2 :ile su* a "o w\ld be reg>d$ z unwor?y to ent] ! pit ( ! ,op]a1 a wait] f an oy/]-%op1 9 8 inevitable black & :ite1 reek+ ) ! dripp+s ( %ell-fi%1 & ! fumes ( bad tobacco1 or a drunk5 und]tak]1 fre% f a fun]al1 com+ ) ! requir$ numb] ( %ill+s 9 8 dirty h&s1 c\ld n be refus$ admission4 ,if ! *eck-tak]s are emp[]$ to inspect & decide z to ! propriety ( ! cut & col\r ( clo!s1 :y %\ld !y n also be all[$ to exam9e ! texture8 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 too1 ! cleanl9ess ( op]a go]s ought to be enquir$ into4 ,no "o1 ^: hair is n prop]ly bru%$1 %\ld be p]mitt$ to ent] ! /alls1 & visitors to ! pit %\ld be compell$ to %[ _! nails4 ,i w conclude ?is *apt] ) an extract f an epi/le f a g5tleman1 :o1 dur+ ,mr4 ,eb]s's managem5t ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 0 a victim to ! despotic 7&1 9 ! ma91 unnecess>y7 regulations ( :i* ,i h be5 speak+4 ,i _c say ,i feel any sympa?y = ?is p>ticul> suff]]2 b 8 lett] is amus+4 ,i 0 dress$1 he says1 9 8 prote/ =w>d$ to ! manag] ! next morn+1 9 a sup]f9e blue coat1 ) gold buttons1 a :ite wai/coat1 fa%ionable tight drab pantaloons1 :ite silk /ock+s1 & dress %oes2 all worn b once a few days be=e at a dress conc]t at ! ,cr[n & ,an*or ,tav]n6 ,! italics1 & m>k ( admiration1 are ! prop]ty ( ! g5tleman 9 ! sup]f9e blue coat1 :o next proce$s to express 8 natural indignation at ! idea ( ! manag] presum+ to enact sumptu>y laws )\t ! int]v5tion ( ! legislature1 & ?reat5s him ) legal proce$+s1 & an appeal to ,briti% jury4 ,i h mix$1 he cont9ues1 too mu* 9 g5teel society1 n to "k t black bree*es1 or pantaloons1 ) black silk /ock+s1 is a v prevail+ full dress2 & :y is x s8 ,because x is conv5i5t & economical1 = y c we> a pair ( :ite silk /ock+s b once )\t wa%+1 & a pair ( black is frequ5tly worn = weeks )\t ablution4 ,p4 ,s4 ,i h no objection to submit an inspection ( my dress ( ! ev5+ 9 "q to y1 or any compet5t p]son y may appo9t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,op]a ,,co/ume ,,9 #ahfa4 ,if ?is g5tleman1 in/ead ( be+ exclud$1 _h be5 admitt$ into ! !atre1 ! sil5t ridicule to :i* 8 co/ume w\ld h expos$ him1 w\ld h effectually prev5t$ him f mak+ 8 appe>ance !re 9 any su* guise aga94 ,x might also h act$ z a t]rible w>n+ to o!rs incl9$ to s9 9 a simil> mann]4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,ross9i ,,& ,,8 ,,p]iod4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i4 ,innovators 9 art1 :e!r corrupt]s or improv]s1 are always sure to meet ) opposition f a c]ta9 numb] ( p]sons :o h =m$ _! ta/es 9 "s p>ticul> /yle :i* has long be5 a s\rce ( delight to !m1 & to int]f]e ) :i* is to %ock all _! arti/ic sympa?ies4 ,h[ (t5 h we se5 poets ( "o g5]ation n ignor$1 b condemn$ & vilifi$ by ! critics & ev5 by ! poets !mselves ( ! g5]ation prec$+ x4 ,musicians seem to suff] ev5 m ?an poets f ?is inju/ice ( ^? :o hav+ contract$ a special & n>r[ admiration = ! works ( _! own p>ticul> epo*1 w see no m]it 9 ! productions ( any new] s*ool t may arrive4 ,byron1 ,%elley1 ,keats1 ,t5nyson h "o & all be5 attack$1 & _! poetic m]it d5i$ by ^? :o 9 sev]al in/ances _h giv5 excell5t pro(s ( _! ability to appreciate poetry4 ,almo/ e di/+ui%$ compos] ( ! la/ fifty ye>s has met ) ! same fate1 n always at ! h&s ( ! ignorant public1 = x is ?is ignorant public ) its nave1 uncritical admiration1 :i* has sometimes be5 ! fir/ to d ju/ice to ! critic-revil$ poets & compos]s1 b at ^? ( musicians & ( educat$ amateurs4 ,ignorance1 prejudice1 malice1 are ! causes too (t5 assign$ = ! non-appreciation ( ! arti/ ( to-day by ! art-lov]1 p>tly ( to-day1 b above all ( ye/]day4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ h[ev]1 t !re is a cons]vatism 9 ta/e z 9 politics1 & t bo? h _! advantages1 ?\gh ! lov]s ( noise & ( revolution may be unable to see !m2 t ! ext5sion ( ! suffrage1 ! excessive use ( imag]y1 ! special cultivation ( brilliant or*e/ral effects1 may1 9 ! eyes ( _m1 really seem injuri\s to ! true int]e/s ( gov]nm5t1 poetry & music2 f9ally t z 9 old age we f9d m5 /ill keep+ m or less to ! co/umes ( _! prime1 & z ! man :o dur+ ! be/ days ( 8 life has habituat$ himself to dr9k port1 does n sudd5ly acquire a ta/e = cl>et1 or vice v]s1--s ^? :o _h accu/om$ _! musical /oma*s to ! s(t /ra9s ( ,paisiello & ,cim>osa1 c\ld n enjoy ! sp>kl+1 /imulat+ music ( ,ross9i4 ,s aft]w>ds to ! ,ross9ians1 ,donizetti p\r$ =? no?+ b :at 0 insipid & frivol\s2 ,bell9i 0 languid & lackadaisical2 ,mey]be] ) 8 re/lessness & viol5ce1 8 new in/rum5ts1 8 drum songs1 trumpet songs1 f5c+ & pi/ol songs1 t9d]-box music1 skat+ sc5es & panoramic effects1 0 a noisy *>latan2 ,v]di1 ) 8 abruptness1 8 occasional vulg>ity & 8 g5]al melodramatic /yle1 a m]e musical ,fitzball4 ,x mo/ n be suppos$1 h[ev]1 t ,i believe 9 ! con/ant progress ( art2 t ,i look ^u ,mey]be] z equal to ,web]1 or ,web] z sup]ior to ,moz>t4 ,x is q c]ta9 t ,ross9i has n be5 approa*$ 9 facility1 9 ri*ness ( inv5tion1 9 gaiety1 9 brilliancy1 9 con/ructiv5ess1 or 9 true dramatic p[] by any ( ! ,italian1 ,fr5*1 or ,g]man !atrical compos]s :o h succe$$ him1 ?\gh ne>ly all h imitat$ him "o way or ano!r3 ,i w exclude ,web] alone1 an orig9al g5ius1 belong+ entirely to ,g]many#hj & to himself4 ,x is1 at lea/1 q c]ta9 t ,ross9i is by f> ! greate/ ( ! s]ies ( ,italian compos]s1 :i* beg9s ) himself & seems to h end$ ) ,v]di2 & yet1 :ile nei!r ,v]di nor ,bell9i1 nor ,donizetti1 7 at all ju/ly appreciat$ 9 ?is c\ntry :5 !y fir/ made _! appe>ance1 ,ross9i 0--n m]ely sne]$ at & pooh-pooh$2 he 0 = a long "t condemn$ & abus$ e :]e1 & on ! production ( "s ( 8 f9e/ works 0 hiss$ & hoot$ 9 ! !atres ( 8 native l&4 ,b ! human he>t is n s black z x is sometimes pa9t$1 & ! ,italian audi5ces :o :i/l$ & scree*$ at ! ,b>b] ( ,seville did s *iefly because !y did n l x4 ,x 0 n ! sort ( music :i* _h hi!rto giv5 !m pleasure1 & !re=e !y 7 n pleas$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i',s ,,biograph]s4 ,ross9i _h already compos$ sev]al op]as = v>i\s ,italian !atres 7among :i* may be p>ticul>ly m5tion$ ,l',italiana 9 ,alg]i1 writt5 = ,v5ice 9 #ahac1 ! compos] hav+ !n j atta9$ 8 majority7 :5 ! ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia 0 produc$ at ,rome = ! ,c>nival ( #ahaf4 ,! s+]s 7 ,vit>elli1 ,boticelli1 ,zamboni1 ,g>cia & ,mesdames ,giorgi-,righetti1 & ,rossi4 ,a numb] ( diff]5t v]sions ( ! circum/ances :i* att5d$1 prec$$1 & foll[$ ! repres5tation ( ?is op]a1 h be5 publi%$1 b ! acc\nt furni%$ by ,madame ,giorgi-,righetti1 :o introduc$ ! music ( ,ross9i to ! _w1 is ! "o mo/ to be reli$ ^u & :i* ,i %all adopt4 ,i may fir/ ( all rem9d ! read] t a v int]e/+ life ( ,ross9i1 writt5 ) great v]ve & _s1 full ( acute obs]vations1 b also full ( mis/atem5ts & errors ( all k9ds1#ha has be5 publi%$ by ,/5dhal1 :o 0 m ?an its translator1 b n its au?or4 ,/5dhal's ,vie de ,ross9i is f\nd$ on a "w by ! ,abb ,c>pani4 ,to :at ext5t ! +5i\s au?or ( ! treatise ,de l',am\r1 & ( ! admirable novel ,la ,*>teuse de ,p>me1 is indebt$ to ! ,abb1 ,i _c say2 b if he borr[$ f him 8 suppos$ facts1 & 8 op9ions z a musician1 he owes him all ! wor/ portion ( 8 book4 ,! bro!rs ,escudi] h also publi%$ a ,vie de ,ross9i1 :i* is *iefly valuable = ! li/ ( 8 works1 & ! dates ( _! production4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,b>b] ,,( ,,seville4 ,to return to ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 ( :i* ! subject 0 librsugge/$ to ,ross9i by ! au?or ( ! libretto1 ,/]b9i4 ,/]b9i propos$ to arrange x = music 9 a new =m2 ,ross9i acquiesc$1 & ! libretti/s w5t to "w4 ,! report 0 soon spread t ,ross9i 0 ab\t to reset ,paisiello's libretto4 ,= ?is "s accus$ ,ross9i ( presumption1 :ile o!rs said t 9 tak+ ,paisiello's subject he 0 behav+ meanly & unju/ly4 ,?is 0 absurd1 = all ,meta/asio's lyrical dramas h be5 set to music by numb]s ( compos]s2 b ?is fact 0 n likely to be tak5 into consid]ation by ,ross9i's enemies4 ,paisiello himself took "p 9 ! intrigues aga9/ ! "y compos]1 & wrote a lett] f ,naples1 begg+ "o ( 8 fri5ds at ,rome to leave no?+ undone t c\ld contribute to ! failure ( ! second ,b>b]4 ,:5 ! night ( repres5tation1 at ! ,arg5t9a ,!atre1 arriv$1 ,ross9i's enemies 7 all at _! po/s1 decl>+ op5ly :at !y hop$ & int5d$ %\ld be ! fate ( ! new op]a4 ,8 fri5ds1 on ! o!r h&1 7 n ne>ly s decid$1 rememb]+1 z !y did1 ! uncomplim5t>y mann] 9 :i* ,ross9i's ,torvaldo _h be5 receiv$ only a %ort "t be=e4 ,! compos]1 says ,madame ,giorgi-,righetti 0 weak en\gh to all[ ,g>cia to s+ b5ea? ,ros9a's balcony a ,spani% melody ( 8 own arrangem5t4 ,g>cia ma9ta9$1 t z ! sc5e 0 9 ,spa9 ! ,spani% melody w\ld give ! drama an appropriate local col\r2 b1 un=tunately1 ! arti/ :o reason$ s well1 & :o 0 su* an excell5t s+]1 =got to tune 8 guit> be=e appe>+ on ! /age z ,almaviva4 ,he began ! op]ation 9 ! pres5ce ( ! public4 ,a /r+ broke4 ,! vocali/ proce$$ to replace x2 b be=e he c\ld d s1 laught] & hisses 7 he>d f all p>ts ( ! h\se4 ,! ,spani% air1 :5 ,g>cia 0 at la/ ready to s+ x1 did n please ! ,italian audi5ce1 & ! pit li/5$ to x j en\gh to be able to give an ironical imitation ( x aft]w>ds4 ,! introduction to ,fig>o's air seem$ to be lik$2 b :5 ,zamboni ent]$1 ) ano!r guit> 9 8 h&1 a l\d laugh 0 set up1 & n a phrase ( ,l>go al factotum 0 he>d4 ,:5 ,ros9a made h] appe>ance 9 ! balcony1 ! public 7 q prep>$ to applaud ,madame ,giorgi-,righetti 9 an air :i* !y ?\ght !y _h a "r to expect f h]2 b only he>+ h] utt] a phrase :i* l$ to no?+1 ! expressions ( disapprobation recomm5c$4 ,! duet betwe5 ,almaviva & ,fig>o 0 accompani$ ?r\gh\t ) hiss+ & %\t+4 ,! fate ( ! "w seem$ n[ decid$4 ,at l5g? ,ros9a came on1 & sang ! cavat9a :i* _h s long be5 look$ =4 ,madame ,giorgi-,righetti 0 "y1 _h a fre% beautiful voice1 & 0 a great fav\rite ) ! ,roman public4 ,?ree long r\nds ( applause foll[$ ! conclusion ( h] air1 & gave "s hope t ! op]a might yet be sav$4 ,ross9i1 :o 0 at ! or*e/ral piano1 b[$ to ! public1 !n turn$ t[>ds ! s+]1 & :isp]$ oh natura6 ,?is happy mom5t did n la/1 & ! hisses recomm5c$ ) ! duet betwe5 ,fig>o & ,ros9a4 ,! noise increas$1 & x 0 impossible to he> a note ( ! f9ale4 ,:5 ! curta9 fell ,ross9i turn$ t[>ds ! public1 %rugg$ 8 %\ld]s & clapp$ 8 h&s4 ,! audi5ce 7 deeply (f5d$ by ?is op5ly-express$ contempt = _! op9ion1 b !y made no reply at ! "t4 ,! v5geance 0 res]v$ = ! second act1 ( :i* n a note pass$ ! or*e/ra4 ,! hubbub 0 s great1 t no?+ l x 0 ev] he>d at any !atre4 ,ross9i 9 ! mean:ile rema9$ p]fectly calm1 & aft]w>ds w5t home z compos$ z if ! "w1 receiv$ 9 s insult+ a mann]1 _h be5 ! production ( "s o!r musician4 ,aft] *ang+ _! clo!s1 ,madame ,giorgi-,righetti1 ,g>cia1 ,zamboni1 & ,botticelli1 w5t to 8 h\se to console him 9 8 mis=tune4 ,!y f\nd him fa/ asleep4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,b>b] ,,( ,,seville4 ,! next day he wrote ! delightful cavat9a1 ,ecco rid5te il cielo1 to replace ,g>cia's un=tunate ,spani% air4 ,! melody ( ! new solo 0 borr[$ f ! op5+ *orus ( ,aureliano 9 ,palmira1 writt5 by ,ross9i 9 #ahad1 = ,milan1 & produc$ )\t success2 ! said *orus hav+ itself figur$ be=e 9 ! same compos]'s ,ciro 9 ,babilonia1 also unfav\rably receiv$4 ,g>cia read 8 cavat9a z x 0 writt51 & sang x ! same ev5+4 ,ross9i1 hav+ n[ made ! only alt]ation he ?\ght necess>y1 w5t back to b$1 & pret5d$ to be ill1 t he might n h to take 8 place 9 ! ev5+ at ! piano4 ,at ! second p]=mance1 ! ,romans seem$ dispos$ to li/5 to ! "w ( :i* !y _h really he>d no?+ ! night be=e4 ,?is 0 all t 0 ne$$ to ensure ! op]a's triumphant success4 ,_m ( ! pieces 7 applaud$2 b /ill no en?usiasm 0 exhibit$4 ,! music1 h[ev]1 pleas$ m & m ) ea* succe$+ repres5tation1 until at la/ ! climax 0 rea*$1 & ,il ,b>bi]e produc$ ^? transports ( admiration among ! ,romans ) :i* x 0 aft]w>ds receiv$ 9 e t[n 9 ,italy1 & 9 due "t ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,x mu/ be add$1 t a great _m connoisseurs at ,rome 7 /ruck f ! fir/ mom5t ) ! innum]able beauties ( ,ross9i's score1 & w5t to 8 h\se to congratulate him on its excell5ce4 ,z = ,ross9i1 he 0 n at all surpris$ at ! *ange :i* took place 9 public op9ion4 ,he 0 z c]ta9 ( ! success ( 8 "w ! fir/ night1 :5 x 0 be+ hoot$1 z he 0 a week aft]w>ds1 :5 e "o applaud$ x to ! skies4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,b>b] ,,( ,,seville4 ,9 ,p>is1 m ?an ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds1 ) ,g>cia /ill play+ ! "p ( ,almaviva1 & ) ,madame ,ronzi de ,begnis z ,ros9a1 ,il ,b>bi]e 0 n mu* bett] receiv$ ?an on its fir/ production at ,rome4 ,x 0 less a/oni%+ t x %\ld fail be=e an audi5ce ( ,p>isians 7at t "t q unacqua9t$ ) ,ross9i's /yle7 ?an be=e a highly musical public l t ( ,rome4 ,9 ea* case1 ! "w ( ,paisiello 0 made ! excuse = condemn+ t ( ,ross9i2 b ,ross9i's ,b>b] 0 n treat$ ) indignity at ! ,italian ,!atre ( ,p>is4 ,x 0 simply li/5$ to v coldly4 ,e "o 0 say+1 t aft] ,paisiello's op]a x 0 no?+1 t ! two 7 n to be comp>$1 c41 :51 =tunately1 "s "o propos$ t ,paisiello's ,b>b] %\ld be reviv$4 ,pa]1 ! director ( ! music1 & :o is said to h be5 r5d]$ v uneasy by ,ross9i's ,italian successes1 ?\ght t to cru% ,ross9i by means ( 8 pr$ecessor1 0 no bad idea4 ,! ,/4 ,pet]sburgh ,b>b] ( #aghh 0 br\ght out2 b x 0 f\nd t he _h gr[n old & feeble2 or1 r1 ! simplicity ( ! /yle 0 no long] admir$1 & ! arti/s :o _h already lo/ ! traditions ( ! s*ool1 7 unable to s+ ! music ) any effect4 ,ross9i's ,b>b] has n[ be5 be=e ! _w = ne>ly half a c5tury1 & we all "k :e!r x is old-fa%ion$2 :e!r ! airs are t$i\s2 :e!r ! =m ( ! conc]t$ pieces1 & ( ! gr& f9ale1 leaves any?+ to be desir$2 :e!r ! in/rum5tation is poor2 :e!r1 9 %ort1 on any "o po9t1 any subsequ5t "w ( ! same k9d ev5 by ,ross9i himself1 has surpass$1 equall$1 or ev5 approa*$ x4 ,b ! ?irty ye>s ( ,paisiello's ,b>b] bore heavily ^u ! poor old man1 & he 0 f\nd sadly want+ 9 t gaiety & brilliancy :i* h giv5 su* celebrity to ,ross9i's h]o1 & aft] :i* ,beaum>*ais's sp>kl+ epigrammatic dialogue appe>s almo/ dull4#hb ,paisiello's op]a 0 a complete failure4 ,& :5 ,ross9i's ,b>bi]e 0 br\ght out aga91 e "o 0 /ruck by ! contra/4 ,x pr(it$ by ! v artifice :i* 0 to h de/roy$ x1 & ,ross9i's enemies took c>e = ! future n to e/abli% comp>isons betwe5 ,ross9i & ,paisiello4 ,madame ,ronzi de ,begnis1 too1 _h be5 replac$ v advantage\sly by ,madame ,fodor4 ,) two su* admirable s+]s z ,fodor & ,g>cia 9 ! p>ts ( ,ros9a & ,almaviva1 ) ,pellegr9i z ,fig>o1 & ,begnis z ,basil1 ! success ( ! op]a increas$ ) ea* repres5tation3 & ?\gh c]ta9 musical quid-nuncs cont9u$ to %ake _! heads :5 ,ross9i's "n 0 m5tion$ 9 a draw+-room1 8 reputation ) ! great body ( ! !atrical public 0 n[ fully e/abli%$4 ,! tirana compos$ by ,g>cia ,se il mio nome sap] voi bramate1 :i* he appe>s to h ab&on$ aft] ! unfav\rable mann] 9 :i* x 0 receiv$ at ,rome1 0 aft]w>ds re-introduc$ into ! ,b>b] by ,rub9i4 ,! :ole ( ! ,b>b] ( ,seville 0 compos$ f beg9n+ to end 9 a mon?4 ,ecco rid5te il cielo 7! air adapt$ f ,aureliano 9 ,palmira7 01 z already m5tion$1 add$ aft] ! fir/ repres5tation4 ,! ov]ture1 moreov]1 _h be5 previ\sly writt5 = ,aureliano 9 ,palmira1 & 7aft] ! failure ( t "w7 _h be5 prefix$ to ,elizabetta reg9a d',+hilt]ra :i* met ) "s success1 ?anks to ! admirable s++ ( ,mademoiselle ,colbran1 9 ! pr9cipal "*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ross9i took 8 failures v easily1 & ) ! calm confid5ce ( a man :o knew he c\ld d bett] ?+s & t ! public w\ld appreciate !m4 ,:5 8 ,sigismondo 0 viol5tly hiss$ at ,v5ice he s5t a lett] to 8 "m ) a picture ( a l>ge fiasco1 7bottle74 ,8 ,torvaldo e ,dorliska1 :i* 0 br\ght out soon aft]w>ds1 0 also hiss$1 b n s mu*4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,b>b] ,,( ,,seville4 ,?is "t ,ross9i s5t 8 "m a picture ( a fias*etto 7little bottle74 99 99 99 99 99 ,! motive ( ! allegro 9 ! trio ( ! la/ act ( 7to return = a mom5t to7 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 is1 z mo/ ( my read]s are probably aw>e1 simply an arrangem5t ( ! bass air sung by ,simon1 9 ,haydn's ,seasons4 ,! comic air1 sung by ,b]ta1 ! du5na1 is a ,russian dance tune1 :i* 0 v fa%ionable 9 ,rome1 9 #ahaf4 ,ross9i is said to h introduc$ x into ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 out ( complim5t to "s ,russian lady4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ross9i's fir/ op]a la ,pietra del ,p>agone1 0 writt5 :5 he 0 sev5te5 ye>s ( age1 = ! ,scala at ,milan1 :]e x 0 produc$ 9 ! autumn ( #ahab4 ,he introduc$ ! be/ pieces out ( ?is "w into ! ,c5]5tola1 :i* 0 br\ght out five ye>s aft]w>ds at ,rome4 ,besides la ,pietra del ,p>agone1 he laid il ,turco 9 ,italia1 & la ,gazzetta "u contribution to enri* ! score ( ,c9d]ella4 ,! air ,miei rampolli1 ! duet un ,soave non s *1 ! dr9k+ *orus & ! burlesque proclamation ( ! b>on belong$ orig9ally to la ,pietra del ,p>agone2 ! se/ett1 ! /retta ( ! f9ale1 ! duet zitto1 zitto1 to ! ,turco 9 ,italia1 7produc$ at ,milan 9 #ahad71 ,miei rampolli _h also be5 ins]t$ 9 la ,gazzetta4 ,! pr9cipal female "p 9 ! ,c5]5tola1 ?\gh writt5 = a contralto1 has g5]ally1 7l ^? ( ,ros9a & ,isabella1 & also writt5 = contraltos71 be5 sung by sopranos1 su* z ,madame ,fodor1 ,madame ,c9ti1 ,madame ,sontag1 c4 ,:5 sung by ,mademoiselle ,alboni1 ^! p>ts are execut$ 9 e respect 9 con=mity ) ! compos]'s int5tions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i',s ,,innovations4 ,ross9i's fir/ s]i\s op]a1 or at lea/ ! fir/ ( ^? by :i* 8 "n became kn[n ?r\gh\t ,europe1 0 ,tancr$i1 writt5 = ,v5ice 9 #ahac1 ! ye> aft] la ,pietra del ,p>agone4 ,9 ?is op]a1 we f9d indicat$1 if n fully c>ri$ out1 all ^? admirable *anges 9 ! composition ( ! lyric drama :i* 7 imput$ to him by 8 adv]s>ies z s _m arti/ic crimes4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 9 8 objections to ,ross9i's music1 /range & almo/ inexplicable z !y appe>1 yet only says 9 some:at diff]5t language :at is advanc$ by ,ross9i's admir]s1 9 pro( ( 8 great m]it4 ,! connoisseur ( a pa/ epo* describes ! *anges introduc$ by ,ross9i into dramatic music1 = an enemy1 fairly en\gh2 only he reg>ds z dete/able innovations :at o!rs h accept$ z admirable re=ms4 ,x appe>$ to ,ross9i t ! numb] ( airs writt5 = ! s-call$ lyric dramas ( 8 y\?1 delay$ ! action to a mo/ we>isome ext5t4 ,9 ,tancr$i1 conc]t$ pieces 9 :i* ! dramatic action is kept up1 are introduc$ 9 situations :]e =m]ly !re w\ld h be5 only monologues4 ,9 ,tancr$i ! bass has little to d1 b m ?an 9 ! op]as ( ! old-s*ool1 :]e he 0 kept q 9 ! back gr\nd1 ! ultima p>te be+ seldom he>d except 9 ensembles4 ,by degrees ! bass 0 br\ght =w>d1 until at la/ he became an indisp5sable & frequ5tly ! pr9cipal "* 9 all tragic op]as4 ,9 ! old op]a ! numb] ( *>act]s 0 limit$ & *oruses 7 seldom introduc$4 ,?9k1 !n1 h[ an amateur ( ! simple1 quiet old s*ool mu/ h be5 %ock$ by a ?or\ghly ,ross9ian op]a1 su* z ,semiramide1 ) its brilliant1 sonor\s in/rum5tation1 its prom95t "p = ! bass or b>itone1 its long elaborate f9ale1 & above all its milit>y b& on ! /age6 ,moz>t _h already anticipat$ e res\rce t has s9ce be5 adopt$ by ,ross9i1 b to ,ross9i belongs1 nev]!less1 ! m]it ( hav+ br\ght ! lyric drama to p]fection on ! ,italian /age1 & =ty & ev5 ?irty ye>s ago x 0 to ,ross9i t its suppos$ degradation 0 attribut$4 ,s great a *ange1 says ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 has tak5 place 9 ! "* ( ! 7op]atic7 dramas1 9 ! /yle ( ! music & its p]=mance1 t ,i _c help enl>g+ on t subject be=e ,i proce$ fur!r4 ,"o ( ! mo/ mat]ial alt]ations is1 t ! gr& di/9ction betwe5 s]i\s & comic op]as is ne>ly at an end1 ! sep>ation ( ! s+]s = _! p]=mance1 entirely s4#hc ,n only d ! same s+ 9 bo?1 b a new species ( drama has aris51 a k9d ( mongrel betwe5 !m call$ semi s]ia1 :i* be>s ! same analogy to ! o!r two t t nondescript melodrama does to ! legitimate trag$y & com$y ( ! ,engli% /age4 ,& ( :i* /yle specim5s may be f\nd 9 ,%akespe>e's plays & 9 ,moz>t's ,don ,giovanni6 ,! union ( ! s]i\s & ! comic 9 ! same lyric "w 0 an innovation ( ,moz>t's1 l almo/ all ! innovations attribut$ by ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe to ,ross9i4 ,inde$1 ne>ly all ! op]atic re=ms ( ! la/ ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury t h endur$1 h _h ,moz>t = _! orig9ator4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i',s ,,innovations4 ,! con/ruction ( ^! newly inv5t$ pieces1 cont9ues ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 is ess5tially diff]5t f ! old4 ,! dialogue :i* us$ to be c>ri$ on 9 recitative1 & :i* 9 ,meta/asio's op]as1 is (t5 s beautiful & int]e/+1 is n[ cut up 7& r5d]$ un9telligible1 if x 7 wor? li/5+ to71 into pezzi conc]tati1 or long s++ conv]sations1 :i* pres5t a t$i\s succession ( unconnect$1 ev]-*ang+ motivos1 hav+ no?+ to d ) ea* o!r3 & if a satisfactory air is = a mom5t introduc$1 :i* ! e> w\ld l to dwell ^u1 to he> modulat$1 v>i$ & aga9 return$ to1 x is brok5 (f be=e x is well und]/ood1 by a sudd5 transition into a totally diff]5t melody1 "t & key1 & recurs no m2 s t no impression c be made or recollection ( x pres]v$4 ,s+le songs are almo/ explod$ 444 ev5 ! prima donna :o w\ld =m]ly h compla9$ at hav+ less ?an ?ree or f\r airs allott$ to h]1 is n[ satisfi$ ) "o trifl+ cavat9a = a :ole op]a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe has hi!rto giv5 a tol]ably true acc\nt ( ! re=ms introduc$ by ,ross9i into ! op]atic music ( ,italy2 only1 in/ead ( call+ ,ross9i's conc]t$ pieces & f9ales1 a t$i\s succession ( unconnect$1 ev]-*ang+ motivos1 he ought to describe !m z highly int]e/+1 well connect$ & em95tly dramatic4 ,he goes on to condemn ,ross9i = 8 new di/ribution ( *>act]s1 & especially = 8 employm5t ( bass voices 9 *ief p>ts to ! manife/ injury ( melody & total subv]sion ( h>mony1 9 :i* ! l[e/ "p is _! peculi> prov9ce4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 x occurs to ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 & he !reupon expresses 8 surprise1 t ! pr9cipal *>act]s 9 two ( ,moz>t's op]as %\ld h be5 writt5 = basses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 ! above curi\s1 & 9 its way valuable1 /rictures on ,ross9i's music 7 p5n$1 n only ,tancr$i1 b also ,il ,b>bi]e1 ,otello1 ,la ,c5]5tola1 ,mos 9 ,egitto1 ,la ,gazza ,ladra1 & o!r ( 8 works _h be5 produc$4 ,il ,b>bi]e succe$$ at once 9 ,engl&1 & ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe tells u t = _m ye>s aft] ! fir/ introduction ( ,ross9i's works into ,engl& s entirely did he engross ! /age1 t ! op]as ( no o!r ma/] 7 ev] to be he>d1 ) ! exception ( ^? ( ,moz>t2 & ( 8 only ,don ,giovanni & le ,nozze di ,fig>o 7 (t5 repeat$4444 ,e o!r compos]1 pa/ & pres5t1 0 totally put aside1 & ^! two alone nam$ or ?\ght (4 ,ross9i1 !n1 if wrongly applaud$1 0 at lea/ applaud$ 9 good company4 ,x appe>s f ,mr4 ,eb]s's ,sev5 ye>s ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 t ( all ! op]as produc$ f #ahba to #ahbh1 ne>ly half 7 ,ross9i's1 or 9 exact numb]s f\rte5 out ( ?irty-f\r1 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! majority ( ^! 7 con/antly repeat$1 :]eas mo/ ( ! o!rs 7 br\ght out only = a few nights & !n laid aside4 ,dur+ ! p]iod 9 "q ! compos] ^: works1 next to ,ross9i1 7 mo/ (t5 repres5t$1 0 ,moz>t ) ,don ,giovanni1 ,le ,nozze1 ,la ,clem5za di ,tito1 & ,cosi fan ,tutti4 ,! o!r op]as includ$ 9 ! rep]toire 7 by ,pa]1 ,may]1 ,z+>elli1 ,spont9i1 7la ,ve/ale71 ,m]cadante1 ,mey]be]1 7,il ,crociato 9 ,egitto7 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,tancr$i4 ,our consid]ation ( ! causes ( ,ross9i's success1 & want ( success1 has l$ u f> away f ! fir/ repres5tation ( ,tancr$i at ! !atre ( ,la ,f5ice4 ,its success 0 s great1 t ea* ( its melodies became = ! ,v5etians a second ,c>nival ( ,v5ice2 & ev5 9 ! law c\rts1 ! judges are said to h be5 oblig$ to direct ! u%]s to /op ! s++ ( ,di tanti palpiti1 & ,mi riv$rai te riv$r4 ,i ?\ght aft] he>+ my op]a1 t ! ,v5etians w\ld ?9k me mad1 said ,ross9i4 ,n at all2 ,i f\nd !y 7 mu* madd] ?an ,i 04 ,tancr$i 0 foll[$ by ,aureliano1 produc$ at ,milan 9 #ahad1 &1 z has already be5 m5tion$1 )\t success4 ,! introduction1 h[ev]1 conta9+ ! *orus f :i* ,almaviva's cavat9a 0 adapt$1 is said to h be5 "o ( ,ross9i's f9e/ pieces4 ,otello1 ! second ( ,ross9i's important s]i\s op]as1 0 produc$ 9 #ahaf at ,naples 7,del ,fondo ,!atre74 ,! pr9cipal female "p1 z 9 ! n[-=gott5 ,elizabetta1 & z 9 a great numb] ( subsequ5t works1 0 writt5 = ,mademoiselle ,colbran4 ,! o!r p>ts 7 su/a9$ by ,b5$etti1 ,nozz>i1 & ! celebrat$ ,davide4 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 ,otello1 ,ross9i cont9u$ ! re=ms :i* he _h comm5c$ 9 ,tancr$i4 ,he made ea* dramatic sc5e "o cont9u$ piece ( music1 us$ recitative b sp>+ly1 & :5 he employ$ x1 accompani$ x = ! fir/ "t 9 ,italy1 ) ! full b&4 ,! piano 0 n[ bani%$ f ! or*e/ra1 =ty-two ye>s aft] x _h be5 bani%$ by ,gluck f ! or*e/ras ( ,france4 ,davide1 9 ! "p ( ,otello1 creat$ ! greate/ en?usiasm4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( 8 p]=mance is giv5 by a ,fr5* critic1 ,m4 ,ed\>d ,b]t91 9 a lett] f ,v5ice1 dat$ #ahbc3-- ,sid5ote3 ,,otello4 ,davide excites among ! dilettanti ( ?is t[n an en?usiasm & delight :i* c\ld sc>cely be conceiv$ )\t hav+ be5 witness$4 ,he is a s+] ( ! new s*ool1 full ( mann]ism1 affectation1 & display1 abus+1 l ,m>t91 8 magnific5t voice ) its prodigi\s compass 7?ree octaves compris$ betwe5 f\r ,b flats74 ,he cru%es ! pr9cipal motive ( an air b5ea? ! luxuriance ( 8 ornam5tation1 & :i* has no o!r m]it ?an t ( difficulty conqu]$4 ,b he is also a s+] full ( w>m?1 v]ve1 expression1 en]gy1 & musical s5tim5t2 alone he c fill up & give life to a sc5e2 x is impossible = ano!r s+] to c>ry away an audi5ce z he does1 & :5 he w only be simple1 he is admirable2 he is ! ,ross9i ( song4 ,he is a great s+]2 ! greate/ ,i ev] he>d4 ,d\btless1 ! mann] 9 :i* ,g>cia plays & s+s ! "p ( ,otello is pref]able1 tak+ x altoge!r1 to t ( ,davide4 ,x is pur]1 m sev]e1 m con/antly dramatic2 b ) all 8 faults ,davide produces m effect1 a great deal m effect4 ,!re is some?+ 9 him1 ,i _c say :at1 :i*1 ev5 :5 he is ridicul\s1 comm&s1 enhances att5tion4 ,he nev] leaves y cold2 & :5 he does n move y1 he a/oni%es y2 9 a ^w1 be=e he>+ him1 ,i did n "k :at ! p[] ( s++ really 04 ,! en?usiasm he excites is )\t limits4 ,9 fact1 8 faults are n faults = ,italians1 :o 9 _! op]a s]ia d n employ :at ! ,fr5* call ! tragic /yle1 & :o sc>cely und]/& u1 :5 we tell !m t a waltz or quadrille movem5t is out ( place 9 ! m\? ( a ,cs>1 an ,assur1 or an ,otello4 ,) !m ! ess5tial ?+ is to please3 !y are only difficult on ?is po9t1 & _! indiff]5ce z to all ! re/ is really inconceivable3 "h is an example ( x4 ,davide1 consid]+ app>5tly t ! f9al duet ( ,otello did n suffici5tly %[ (f 8 voice1 det]m9$ to sub/itute = x a duet f ,armida 7,amor poss5te nome71 :i* is v pretty1 b any?+ r ?an sev]e4 ,z x 0 impossible to kill ,desdemona to su* a tune1 ! ,moor1 aft] giv+ way to ! mo/ viol5t jeal\sy1 %ea!s 8 dagg]1 & beg9s 9 ! mo/ t5d] & graceful mann] 8 duet ) ,desdemona1 at ! conclusion ( :i* he takes h] politely by ! h&1 & retires1 amid/ ! applause & bravos ( ! public1 :o seem to ?9k x q natural t ! piece %\ld f9i% 9 ?is mann]1 or1 r1 t x %\ld n f9i% at all3 = aft] ?is beautiful dn\em5t1 ! action is ab\t z f> advanc$ z x 0 9 ! fir/ sc5e4 ,we d n 9 ,france c>ry our love ( music s f> z to tol]ate su* absurdities z ^!1 & p]haps we are "r4 ,"l ,byron saw ,otello at ,v5ice1 soon aft] its fir/ production4 ,he speaks ( x 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 dat$ #ahah1 9 :i* he condemns ! libretto1 b expresses 8 admiration ( ! music4 ,la ,gazza ,ladra 0 writt5 = ,milan1 & br\ght out at ! !atre ( ,la ,scala1 9 #ahag4 ,f\r ye>s aft]w>ds x 0 produc$ 9 ,london 9 ! spr+1 & ,p>is 9 ! autumn4 ,! "p ( ,n9etta1 aft]w>ds s fav\rite a "* ) ,sontag1 ,malibran1 & ,grisi1 0 sung 9 #ahba by ,madame ,camporese 9 ,london1 by ,madame ,fodor 9 ,p>is4 ,camporese's p]=mance 0 ( ! greate/ m]it1 & highly successful4 ,fodor's is said to h be5 p]fection4 ,! "p ( ,pippo1 orig9ally writt5 = a contralto1 us$ at "o "t to be sung at ! ,engli% & ,fr5* !atres by a b>itone or bass4 ,x 0 n until "s ye>s aft] ,la ,gazza ,ladra 0 produc$1 t a contralto 7except = fir/ p>ts71 0 consid]$ an indisp5sable memb] ( an op]a company4 ,madame ,fodor 0 n an ,italian1 b a ,russian4 ,%e 0 m>ri$ to a ,fr5*man1 ,m4 ,ma9vielle1 &1 be=e visit+ ,italy1 &1 until h] db1 _h /udi$ *iefly 9 ,p>is4 ,h] ,italian t\r is said to h greatly improv$ h] /yle1 :i*1 :5 %e fir/ appe>$ 9 ,london1 9 #ahaf1 left mu* to be desir$4 ,camporese 0 ( good bir?1 & 0 m>ri$ to a memb] ( ! ,gui/9iani family4 ,%e cultivat$ s++ 9 ! fir/ in/ance only z an accompli%m5t2 b 0 oblig$ by circum/ances to make x h] pr(ession4 ,9 ,italy %e sang only at conc]ts1 & x 0 n until h] arrival 9 ,engl& t %e appe>$ on ! /age4 ,%e seems to h possess$ v v>i$ p[]s2 appe>+ at "o "t z ,z]l9a to ,ronzi's ,donna ,anna2 at ano!r1 z ,donna ,anna1 to ,fodor's ,z]l9a4 ,sid5ote3 ,,la ,,gazza ,,ladra4 ,la ,gazza ,ladra is kn[n to be f\nd$ on a ,fr5* melo-drama1 ,la ,pie ,voleuse1 ( :i* ! capabilities = op]atic sett+1 7 fir/ discov]$ by ,pa]4 ,pa] _h se5 ,mademoiselle ,j5ny ,v]tpr 9 ,la ,pie ,voleuse4 ,he b\ght ! play1 & s5t x to 8 libretti/ 9 ord9>y at ,milan1 ) m>g9al notes1 %[+ h[ x ought to be divid$ = musical purposes4 ,! op]a book int5d$ by ,pa] = himself 0 (f]$ to ,ross9i1 & by him 0 made ! gr\ndwork ( "o ( 8 mo/ brilliant productions4 ,la ,gazza ,ladra m>ks ano!r /ep 9 ,ross9i's progress z a compos]1 & accord+ly we f9d ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe say+1 soon aft] its production 9 ,engl&3--,( all ! op]as ( ,ross9i t h be5 p]=m$ "h1 t ( la ,gazza ,ladra is mo/ peculi>ly liable to all ! objections ,i h made to ! new /yle ( drama1 ( :i* x is ! mo/ /rik+ example4 ,! only op]a ( ,ross9i's :i* ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe seems really to h lik$ 0 ,aureliano 9 ,palmira1 writt5 9 ! compos]'s e>lie/ /yle1 & :i* fail$4 ,its f9ales1 7,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe is speak+ ( ,la ,gazza ,ladra7 & _m ( its v num]\s pezzi conc]tati1 are uncommonly l\d1 & ! lavi% use made ( ! noisy in/rum5ts1 appe>s1 to my judgm5t1 s+ul>ly inappropriate to ! subject2 :i*1 ?\gh x might h be5 r5d]$ t\*+1 is f> f call+ = su* w>like accompanim5ts4 ,no?+ c be m absurd ?an ! mann] 9 :i* ?is simple /ory is repres5t$ 9 ! ,italian piece1 or ?an to be a "y peasant s]vant girl1 l$ to trial & execution1 "u a gu>d ( soldi]s1 ) milit>y music4 ,! qu9tett ( ,la ,gazza ,ladra1 is1 inde$1 op5 to a few objections f a dramatic po9t ( view4 ,n9etta is afraid ( compromis+ h] fa!r2 b ,f]n&o has already giv5 himself up to ! au?orities1 9 ord] to save 8 daught]--9 ^: def5ce he does n say a ^w4 ,an explanation seems necess>y1 b !n ! drama w\ld be at an end4 ,!re w\ld be no qu9tett1 & we %\ld lose "o ( ,ross9i's f9e/ pieces4 ,w\ld x be wor? :ile to de/roy ?is qu9tett1 9 ord] to make ! op]a end l ! ,fr5* melo-drama1 & z ! ,fr5* op]atic v]sion ( ,la ,gazza ,ladra also t]m9ates8 ,i h already spok5 ( ,la ,c5]5tola1 produc$ 9 #ahag at ,rome4 ,?is admirable "w has ( late ye>s be5 mu* neglect$4 ,! la/ "t x 0 he>d 9 ,engl& at ,h] ,maje/y's ,!atre1 ,madame ,alboni play$ ! pr9cipal "p1 & excit$ ! greate/ en?usiasm by h] execution ( ! f9al air1 ,non piu me/a 7! model ( s _m solos = ! prima donna1 introduc$ ) or )\t reason1 at ! end ( subsequ5t op]as72 b ! ca/ 0 a v imp]fect "o1 & ! p]=mance on ! :ole 7z usual1 ( late ye>s1 at ?is !atre7 v unsatisfactory4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mose ,,9 ,,egitto4 ,mos 9 ,egitto 0 produc$ at ! ,san ,c>lo#hd ,!atre1 at ,naples1 9 #ahah2 ! pr9cipal female "p be+ writt5 aga9 = ,mademoiselle ,colbran4 ,9 ?is "w1 two lead+ p>ts1 ^? ( ,f>aoni & ,mos1 7 assign$ to basses4 ,! once proscrib$1 or1 at lea/ contemn$ basso1 01 = ! fir/ "t br\ght =w>d1 & hon\r$ ) full recognition 9 an ,italian op]a s]ia4 ,! /ory ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 & ( ! *orus sung on its banks1 has (t5 be5 told2 b ,i w repeat x 9 a few words1 = ! b5efit ( ^? read]s :o may n h met ) x be=e4 ,! ,passage ( ! ,r$ ,sea 0 int5d$ to be p>ticul>ly gr&2 b1 in/ead ( produc+ ! effect anticipat$1 x 0 receiv$ e night ) laught]4 ,! two fir/ acts 7 always applaud$2 b ! ,r$ ,sea 0 a decid$ ob/acle to ! success ( ! ?ird4 ,tottola1 ! libretti/1 came to ,ross9i "o morn+1 ) a pray] = ! ,israelites1 :i* he fanci$1 if ! compos] w\ld set x to music1 might save ! conclusion ( ! op]a4 ,ross9i1 :o 0 9 b$ at ! "t1 saw at once ! importance ( ! sugge/ion1 wrote on ! spur ( ! mom5t1 & 9 a few m9utes1 ! magnific5t ,del tuo /ellato soglio4 ,x 0 p]=m$ ! same ev5+1 & excit$ transports ( admiration4 ,! sc5e ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 in/ead ( be+ look$ =w>d to z a s\rce ( hil>ity1 became n[ ! *ief attraction ( ! op]a4 ,! p]=mance ( ! pray] produc$ a sort ( fr5zy among ! audi5ce1 & a c]ta9 ,neapolitan doctor1 ^: "n has n transpir$1 told ei!r ,/5dhal or ! ,abb ,c>pani 7on ^: ,lett]s1 z be=e m5tion$1 ,beyle's ,vie de ,ross9i p> ,/5dhal is f\nd$71 t ! numb] ( n]v\s indispositions among ! ladies ( ,naples 0 increas$ 9 a rem>kable mann] by ! *ange ( key1 f ! m9or to ! major1 9 ! la/ v]se4 ,mos 0 br\ght out 9 ,london1 z an oratorio1 9 ! beg9n+ ( #ahbb4 ,probably1 dramatic action 0 absolutely necess>y = its success2 at all ev5ts1 x fail$ z an oratorio4 ,! same ye> x 0 produc$ z an op]a at ! ,k+'s ,!atre2 b ) a complete trans=mation 9 ! libretto1 & "u ! title ( ,pietro l',eremita4 ,! op]a attract$ ?r\gh\t ! season1 & no "w ( ,ross9i's 0 ev] m successful on its fir/ production 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! subscrib]s to ! ,k+'s ,!atre 7 9 ec/acies ) x1 & "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ support]s ( ! !atre1 aft] assur+ ! manag] t he des]v$ well ( ?is c\ntry1 (f]$ to te/ify 8 gratitude by propos+ him at ,:ite's6 ,sid5ote3 ,,mose ,,9 ,,egitto4 ,9 ! autumn ( ! same ye> ,mos 0 produc$ at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is1 & 9 #ahbg1 a ,fr5* v]sion ( x 0 br\ght out at ! ,acadmie4 ,! ,r$ ,sea appe>s to h be5 a s\rce ( tr\ble ev]y:]e4 ,at ! ,acadmie1 =ty-five ?\s& francs 7 sunk 9 x1 & to s little effect1 or r ) su* bad effect1 t ! ma*9i/s' & decorators' waves _h to be suppress$ aft] ! fir/ ev5+4 ,9 ,london ! ,r$ ,sea became m]ely a riv]4 ,! riv]1 h[ev]1 fail$ q z egregi\sly z ! l>g] body ( wat]1 & _h to be dra9$ (f be=e ! second p]=mance took place4 ,mos is q long en\gh & suffici5tly complete 9 its orig9al =m4 ,sev]al pieces1 h[ev]1 out ( o!r op]as1 by ,ross9i1 7 add$ to x 9 ! ,london v]sion ( ! "w4 ,9 ,p>is1 9 accordance ) ! absurd cu/om 7if x be n ev5 a law7 at ! ,acadmie1 ,mos c\ld n be repres5t$ )\t ! introduction ( a ballet4 ,! necess>y dance music 0 tak5 f ,ciro 9 ,babilonia & ,armida1 & ! op]a 0 fur!r /r5g!n$ z x 0 ?\ght 7weak5$ z x turn$ out71 by ! introduction ( a new air = ,mademoiselle ,c9ti1 & sev]al new *oruses4 ,! ,mos ( ! ,acadmie1 ) its f\r acts ( music 7"o m ?an ! orig9al op]a7 0 f\nd f> too long4 ,x 0 admir$1 & = a little :ile applaud$2 b :5 x _h once we>i$ ! public1 x 0 9 va9 t ! directors r$uc$ its dim5sions4 ,x became small] & small]1 until x at la/ disappe>$4 ,zelmira1 writt5 orig9ally = ,vi5na1 & :i* is said to h conta9$ ,madame ,colbran ,ross9i's be/ "p1 0 produc$ at ,naples 9 #ahbb4 ,! compos] & 8 fav\rite prima donna 7 m>ri$ 9 ! spr+ ( ! same ye> at ,ca/elnaso1 ne> ,bologna4 ,! recitatives ( ,zelmira says ,c>pani1 9 8 ,le ,ross9ane ossia lett]e musico-teatrali1 are ! be/ & mo/ dramatic t ! ,italian s*ool has produc$2 _! eloqu5ce is equal to t ( ! mo/ beautiful airs1 & ! spectator1 equally *>m$ & surpris$1 li/5s to !m f "o end to ! o!r4 ,^! recitatives are su/a9$ by ! or*e/ra2 ,otello1 ,mos 9 ,egitto1 are writt5 aft] ! same sy/em1 b ,i w n attribute to ,ross9i ! hon\r ( a discov]y :i* belongs to our neighb\rs4 ,al?\gh ! ,fr5* ,op]a is /ill b>b>\s f a vocal po9t ( view1 !re are "s po9ts ab\t x :i* may be advantage\sly borr[$4 ,! introduction ( accompani$ recitative is ( ! greate/ importance = our op]a s]ia1 :i*1 9 ! h&s ( ! ,may]s1 ,pa]s1 ! ,ross9is1 has at la/ become dramatic4 ,zelmira 0 br\ght out 9 ,london 9 #ahbd1 "u ! direction ( ,ross9i himself1 & ) ,madame ,colbran ,ross9i 9 ! pr9cipal "p4 ,! reception ( ! compos]1 :5 he made 8 appe>ance 9 ! or*e/ra1 0 mo/ en?usia/ic1 & at ! end ( ! op]a1 he 0 call$ on to ! /age1 :i*1 9 ,engl&1 01 !n1 q a novel complim5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i ,,& ,,george ,,iv4 ,at ! same "t1 all possible att5tion 0 paid to ,ross9i1 9 private1 by ! mo/ di/+ui%$ p]sons 9 ! c\ntry4 ,he 0 invit$ by ,george ,,iv4 to ! ,pavilion at ,brighton1 & ! ,k+ gave ord]s t :5 8 gue/ ent]$ ! music room1 8 private b& %\ld play ! ov]ture to ! ,b>b] ( ,seville4 ,! ov]ture be+ conclud$1 8 ,maje/y ask$ ,ross9i :at piece he w\ld l to he> next4 ,! compos] nam$ ,god save ! ,k+4 ,! music ( ,zelmira 0 greatly admir$ by connoisseurs1 b made no impression on ! public1 & ?\gh ,madame ,colbran-,ross9i's p]=mance is said to h be5 admirable1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t %e _h already pass$ ! z5i? ( h] p[]s4 ,born 9 ,madrid1 9 #aghe1 %e appe>s to h retir$ f ! /age1 z f> z ,italy 0 conc]n$1 9 #ahbc1 aft] ! production ( ,semiramide4 ,at lea/1 ,i f9d no acc\nt ( h] hav+ sung any:]e aft] ! season ( #ahbd1 9 ,london1 ?\gh h] "n appe>s 9 ! li/ ( ! celebrat$ company assembl$ ! same ye> by ,b>baja1 at ,vi5na4 ,mademoiselle ,colbran figures among ! sopranos ) ,mesdames ,ma9vielle-,fodor1 ,fron1 ,e/h] ,mombelli1#he ,d>danelli1 ,sontag1 ,ung]1 ,giuditta1 ,grisi1 & ,grimbaun4 ,! contraltos ( ?is unrivall$ tr\pe 7 ,mesdames ,ces>e-,cant>elli & ,eck]l92 ! t5ors1 ,davide1 ,nozz>i1 ,donzelli1 ,rub9i1 & ,cicim>ra2 ! basses1 ,labla*e1 ,bassi1 ,ambroggi1 ,tambur9i1 & ,bolticelli4 ,ross9i _h und]tak5 to write an op]a entitl$ ,ugo r d',italia1 = ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,! engagem5t _h be5 made at ! beg9n+ ( ! season1 9 ,janu>y1 & ! "w 0 repeat$ly ann\nc$ = p]=mance1 :51 at ! end ( ,may1 x 0 said to be only half f9i%$4 ,he _h1 at ?is "t1 qu>rell$ ) ! managem5t1 & accept$ ! po/ ( director at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is4 ,! end ( ,ugo r d',italia is said by ,mr4 ,eb]s to h be51 t ! score1 z f> z x 0 writt51 0 deposit$ ) ,messrs4 ,ransom1 ! bank]s4 ,messrs4 ,ransom1 h[ev]1 h in=m$ me1 t !y nev] _h a score ( ,ross9i's 9 _! possession4 99 99 99 99 99 ,aft] ,ross9i's dep>ture f ,london1 8 ,semiramide1 produc$ at ,v5ice only ! ye> be=e1 0 br\ght out ) ,madame ,pa/a1 9 ! pr9cipal "*4 ,! "p ( ,semiramide _h be5 play$ at ! ,f5ice ,!atre1 by ,madame ,colbran2 x 0 ! la/ ,ross9i wrote = 8 wife1 & ,semiramide 0 ! la/ op]a he compos$ = ,italy4 ,:5 we meet ) ,ross9i aga91 x w be at ! ,acadmie ,royale ( ,p>is1 z ! compos] ( ! ,siege ( ,cor9?1 ,c\nt ,ory1 & ,william ,tell4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i',s ,,s+]s4 ,! fir/ great repres5tative ( ,semiramide 0 ,pa/a1 :o has probably nev] be5 surpass$ 9 t "*4 ,aft] p]=m+ x ) admirable success 9 ,london1 %e resum$ 9 x ! ye> aft]w>ds1 #ahbe1 at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is4 ,madame ,pa/a _h already ga9$ great celebrity by h] repres5tation ( ,tancr$i & ( ,romeo1 b 9 ,semiramide1 %e seems1 = ! fir/ "t1 to h exhibit$ h] g5ius 9 all its fulness4#hf ,! orig9al ,arsace 0 ,madame ,m>iani1 ! fir/ great ,arsace1 ,madame ,pis>oni4 ,s9ce ! fir/ production ( ,semiramide1 ?irty ye>s ago1 all ! mo/ di/+ui%$ sopranos & contraltos ( ! day h lov$ to appe> 9 t admirable "w4 ,among ! ,semiramides1 ,i may m5tion 9 p>ticul> ,pa/a1 ,grisi1 ,vi>dot-,g>cia1 & ,cruvelli4 ,al?\gh n usually giv5 to s+]s :o p>ticul>ly excel 9 ! execution ( light delicate music1 ! "p ( ,semiramide 0 also sung ) success by ,madame ,sontag 7,p>is1 #ahbi71 & ,madame ,bosio 7,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 #ahee74 ,among ! ,arsaces1 may be cit$ ,pis>oni1 ,brambilla1 & ,alboni4 ,malibran1 ) h] v]satile compreh5sive g5ius1 appe>$ bo? z ,arsace & z ,semiramide1 & 0 equally =tunate 9 ea* ( ^! v diff]5t imp]sonations4 ,i w n[ say a few words respect+ ^? ( ! s+]s j nam$1 ^: names are m especially associat$ ) ,ross9i's e>lie/ successes 9 ,engl&4 ,madame ,pa/a hav+ appe>$ 9 ,p>is ) success 9 #ahaf1 0 engag$ ) h] husb&1 ,signor ,pa/a 7an unsuccessful t5or71 = ! foll[+ season at ! ,k+'s ,!atre4 ,%e made no great impression t ye>1 & 0 q eclips$ by ,fodor & ,camporese1 :o 7 memb]s ( ! same company4 ,! "y s+]1 n disc\rag$1 b conv9c$ t %e _h mu* to le>n1 return$ to ,italy1 :]e %e /udi$ unremitt+ly = f\r ye>s4 ,%e reappe>$ at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is 9 #ahba1 z ,desdemona1 9 ,ross9i's ,otello1 !n = ! fir/ "t produc$ 9 ,france4 ,h] success 0 complete1 b h] p]=mance does n appe> to h excit$ t en?usiasm :i* 0 aft]w>ds caus$ by h] repres5tation ( ,m$ea1 9 ,may]'s op]a ( t "n4 ,9 ,m$ea1 h[ev]1 ,pa/a 0 ev]y?+2 9 ,otello1 %e _h to %>e h] triumph ) ,g>cia1 ,bordogni1 & ,levasseur4 ,f ?is "t1 ! new tragic vocali/ ga9$ con/antly 9 public e/imation4 ,m$ea 0 laid aside2 b ,pa/a ga9$ fre% applause 9 e new "p %e und]took1 & especially 9 ,tancr$i & ,semiramide4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pa/a4 ,pa/a made h] second appe>ance at ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #ahbd1 9 ! "* ( ,desdemona4 ,h] p]=mance1 f a hi/rionic z well z f a vocal po9t ( view1 0 mo/ admirable2 & ! habitus c\ld sc>cely p]suade !mselves t ?is 0 ! s+] :o _h come be=e !m f\r ye>s previ\sly1 & _h gone away )\t leav+ a regret beh9d4 ,:5 ,ross9i's la/ ,italian op]a 0 produc$1 ! same season1 ! "* ( ,semiramide 0 assign$ to ,madame ,pa/a1 :o n[ sang x = ! fir/ "t4 ,%e _h already repres5t$ ! "p ( ,tancr$i1 & h] ?ree great ,ross9ian imp]sonations rais$ h] reputation to ! highe/ po9t4 ,9 ,london1 ,madame ,pa/a did n appe> z ,m$ea until #ahbf1 :5 %e already enjoy$ ! greate/ celebrity4 ,x 0 f\nd at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 z at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is1 t ,may]'s simple & frequ5tly insipid music 0 n tol]able1 aft] ! brilliant dramatic compositions ( ,ross9i2 b ,pa/a's del9eation ( ,m$ea's ?ir/ = v5geance & despair1 is said to h be5 sublime4 ,a /ory is told ( a di/+ui%$ critic p]suad+ himself1 t ) su* a p[] ( p\rtray+ ,m$ea's emotions1 ,madame ,pa/a mu/ possess ,m$ea's features2 b = "s su* natural con=mity he seems to h ?\ght x impossible t %e c\ld at once1 by intuition1 ent] pr(\ndly & sympa!tically into all ,m$ea's inmo/ feel+s4 ,mu* might be said 9 fav\r ( ! critic's !ory2 x is unnecess>y to say a ^w 9 fav\r ( a p]=mance by :i* su* a !ory c\ld be sugge/$4 ,we are told1 t ! believ] 9 ! p]sonal resemblance betwe5 ,pa/a & ,m$ea 0 s5t a j\rney ( sev5ty miles to see a vision>y portrait ( ,m$ea1 recov]$ f ! ru9s ( ,h]culaneum4 ,to ru% (f on su* a j\rney ) su* an object1 may n h be5 v reasonable2 to cause ! j\rney to be und]tak51 0 p]fectly silly4 ,probably1 x 0 a joke ( our fri5d ,taylor's4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,pis>oni4 ,madame ,pis>oni made h] db 9 ,italy 9 ! ye> #ahaa1 :5 %e 0 eighte5 ye>s ( age4 ,%e at fir/ came out z a soprano1 b two ye>s aft]w>ds1 a sev]e illness hav+ *ang$ ! nature ( h] voice1 %e appe>$ 9 all ! mo/ celebrat$ p>ts1 writt5 = ! musicos or soprani/s1 :o 7 n[ beg9n+ to die out1 & to be replac$ by ladies ) contralto voices4 ,madame ,pis>oni 0 n only n beautiful1 %e 0 hide\sly ugly2 ,i h se5 h] portrait1 & am n exagg]at+4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe tells u1 t ano!r fav\rite contralto ( ! day ,m>iani 7,ross9i's orig9al ,arsace7 0 ,pis>oni's rival 9 voice1 s++1 & ugl9ess2 add+1 t 9 ! two fir/ qualities1 %e 0 c]ta9ly h] inf]ior2 ?\gh 9 ! la/ x 0 difficult to "k to :i* ! pref]5ce %\ld be giv54 ,b ! anti-pa!tic1 revolt+1 almo/ insult+ features ( ! great contralto1 7 =gott5 z soon z %e began to s+4 ,z ! hide\s ,wilkes boa/$ t he 0 only a qu>t] ( an h\r beh9d ! h&some/ man 9 ,europe1 s ,madame ,pis>oni might h said1 t %e _h only to deliv] "o phrase ( music to place h]self on a level ) ! mo/ p]sonally prepossess+ vocali/ ( ! day4 ,?is extraord9>y s+] on ga9+ a contralto1 did n lose h] orig9al soprano voice4 ,aft] h] illness1 %e is said to h possess$ ?ree octaves 7betwe5 f\r ,c's71 b h] be/ notes 7 n[ 9 ! contralto regi/]4 ,9 airs1 9 conc]t$ pieces1 9 recitative1 %e 0 equally admirable4 ,to su/a9 a high note1 & !n dazzle ! audi5ce ) a rapid desc5d+ scale ( two octaves1 0 = h] an easy means ( triumph4 ,altoge!r1 h] execution seems nev] to h be5 surpass$4 ,aft] mak+ h] db 9 ,p>is z ,arsace1 ,madame ,pis>oni resum$ t "p 9 #ahbi1 "u great difficulties4 ,! frightfully ugly ,arsace _h to appe> side by side ) a *>m+ly pretty ,semiramide1--! soprano "p ( ! op]a be+ tak5 by ,mademoiselle ,sontag4 ,b 9 ! h\r ( dang] ! poor contralto 0 sav$ by h] ?or\ghly beautiful s++1 & ,pis>oni & ,sontag1 :o z a vocali/ also left no?+ to desire1 7 equally applaud$4 ,9 ,london1 ,pis>oni appe>s to h conf9$ h]self int5tionally to ! repres5tation ( male *>act]s1 appe>+ z ,arsace1 ,malcolm1 9 ,la ,donna del ,lago1 & ,tancr$i2 b 9 ,p>is %e play$ ! pr9cipal female "p 9 ,l',italiana 9 ,alg]i1 & :at is m1 play$ x ) wond]ful success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! great "p ( ,arsace 0 also t 9 :i* ,mademoiselle ,brambilla made h] db 9 ,engl& 9 ! ye> #ahbg4 ,brambilla1 :o 0 a pupil ( ! cons]vatory ( ,milan1 _h nev] appe>$ on any /age2 b ?\gh h] act+ is said to h be5 indiff]5t1 h] lovely voice1 h] already excell5t /yle1 h] y\? & h] great beauty1 ensur$ h] success4 ,%e has ! f9e/ eyes1 ! sweete/ voice1 & ! be/ disposition 9 ! _w1 said a c]ta9 c>d9al ( ! y\?ful ,brambilla1 if %e is discov]$ to possess any o!r m]its1 ! safety ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* w require h] excommunication4 ,aft] s++ 9 ,london sev]al ye>s1 & revisit+ ,italy1 ,brambilla 0 engag$ 9 ,p>is1 :]e %e aga9 *ose ! "p ( ,arsace1 = h] db4 ,_m ( our read]s w probably rememb] t ,arsace 0 also ! "* 9 :i* ,mademoiselle ,alboni made h] fir/ appe>ance 9 ,engl&1 & on ?is side ( ! ,alps4 ,until ! op5+ night ( ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a1 #ahdg1 ! ,engli% public _h nev] he>d ( ,mademoiselle ,alboni2 b %e _h only to s+ ! fir/ phrase ( h] "p1 to call =? unanim\s applause1 & be=e ! ev5+ 0 at an end1 %e _h q e/abli%$ h]self 9 ! position :i* %e has ev] s9ce held4 ,sid5ote3 ,,sontag4 ,sontag & ,malibran bo? made _! fir/ appe>ance 9 ,engl& z ,ros9a1 9 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville4 ,sev]al po9ts ( simil>ity might be po9t$ out betwe5 ! romantic c>e]s ( ^! two wond]fully successful & wond]fully un=tunate vocali/s4 ,mademoiselle ,g>cia fir/ appe>$ on ! /age at ,naples1 :5 %e 0 eight ye>s old4 ,mademoiselle ,sontag 0 9 h] six? ye> :5 %e came out at ,frank=t4 ,ea* sp5t h] *ildhood & y\? 9 s++ & act+1 & ea*1 aft] obta9+ a full measure ( success1 made an app>5tly brilliant m>riage1 & 0 ?\ght to h quitt$ ! /age4 ,bo?1 h[ev]1 re-appe>$1 "o aft] a v %ort int]val1 ! o!r1 aft] a retirem5t ( some?+ l tw5ty ye>s4 ,! position ( ,mademoiselle ,g>cia's husb&1 ,m4 ,malibran1 0 z no?+1 comp>$ to t ( ,c\nt ,rossi1 :o m>ri$ ,mademoiselle ,sontag2 ! =m] 0 a ,fr5* m]*ant1 e/abli%$ 7n v firmly1 z x aft]w>ds appe>$7 at ,new ,york2 ! latt] 0 ! ,s>d9ian ,ambassador at ! c\rt ( ,vi5na2 b on ! o!r h&1 ! ,c\ntess ,rossi's end 0 f> m tragic1 or r m mis]able & horrible ?an t ( ,madame ,malibran1 itself suffici5tly pa9ful & he>t-r5d+4 ,?\gh ,ros9a appe>s to h be5 "o ( ,mademoiselle ,sontag's be/1 if n absolutely h] be/ "p1 %e also appe>$ to great advantage dur+ h] brief c>e] 9 ,london & ,p>is1 9 two o!r ,ross9ian *>act]s1 ,desdemona & ,semiramide4 ,9 h] own c\ntry %e 0 kn[n z "o ( ! mo/ admirable repres5tatives ( ,aga?a1 9 ,d] ,freis*tz1 & %e sang ,aga?a's great sc5a frequ5tly1 & always ) imm5se success1 at conc]ts1 9 ,london4 ,%e also appe>$ z ,donna ,anna1 9 ,don ,giovanni1 7f ! pleas+1 graceful "* ( h] tal5t1 "o w\ld h fanci$ ! "p ( ,z]l9a bett] suit$ to h]71 b 9 ,italian op]a all h] triumphs 7 ga9$ 9 ! works ( ,ross9i4 ,sid5ote3 ,,malibran4 ,:5 ,m>ietta ,g>cia made h] db 9 ,london1 9 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 %e 01 s]i\sly1 only j beg9n+ h] c>e]1 & 0 at t "t b sev5te5 ye>s ( age4 ,%e appe>$ ! same ye> 9 ,p>is1 z ! h]o9e 9 ,torvaldo e ,dorliska 7,ross9i's fias*etto1 n[ q =gott57 & 0 !n tak5 by h] fa!r on t disa/r\s ,am]ican t\r :i* end$ ) h] m>riage4 ,hav+ cross$ ! ,atlantic1 ,g>cia conv]t$ 8 family into a complete op]a company1 ( :i* he himself 0 ! t5or & ! excell5t musical director 7if !re _h only be5 a little m to direct74 ,! daught] 0 ! prima donna1 ! "m _h to cont5t h]self ) second>y p>ts1 ! son (ficiat$ z b>itone & bass4 ,9 ,am]ica1 "u a good ma/]1 b ) /range subord9ates1 & a wret*$ ent\rage1 ,mademoiselle ,g>cia accu/om$ h]self to repres5t op]atic *>act]s ( e k9d4 ,"o ev5+1 :5 an uncultivat$ ,am]ican or*e/ra 0 massacr+ ,moz>t's ma/]-piece1 ,g>cia1 ! ,don ,giovanni ( ! ev5+1 became s indignant t he ru%$1 sword 9 h&1 to ! foot lights1 & compell$ ! musicians to re-comm5ce ! f9ale to ! fir/ act1 :i* !y execut$ ! second "t ) c>e1 if n ) skill4 ,?is 0 a sev]e s*ool 9 :i* poor ,m>ietta 0 be+ =m$2 b )\t x we %\ld probably nev] h he>d ( h] appe>+ "o night z ,desdemona or z ,arsace1 ! next z ,otello1 or z ,semiramide2 nor ( h] ga9+ fre% laurels ) equal c]ta9ty 9 ! ,sonnambula & 9 ,norma4 ,b we h at pres5t only to d ) t p]iod ( op]atic hi/ory1 dur+ :i*1 ,ross9i's supremacy on ! ,italian /age 0 unque/ion$4 ,t[>ds #ahcj1 we f9d two new compos]s appe>+1 :o1 if !y1 to "s ext5t1 displac$ _! great pr$ecessor1 at ! same "t foll[$ 9 8 /eps4 ,= "s doz5 ye>s1 ,ross9i _h be5 ! sole support1 inde$1 ! v life ( ,italian op]a4 ,naturally1 8 works 7 n )\t _! fruit1 & a great "p ( ,donizetti's & ,bell9i's music may be said to belong to ,ross9i1 inasmu* z ,ross9i 0 cle>ly ,donizetti's & ,bell9i's prog5itor4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,op]a ,,9 ,,france ,,"u ,,! ,,consulate1 ,,empire1 ,,& ,,re/oration4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,op]a1 "u ! ,consulate & ! ,empire1 is p]haps m rem>kable 9 connexion ) political ?an ) musical ev5ts4 ,few p]sons at pres5t "k mu* ( ,spont9i's op]as1 ?\gh la ,ve/ale 9 its day 0 celebrat$ 9 ,p>is1 ,london & especially 9 ,b]l92 nor ( ,*]ub9i's1 ?\gh ! ov]tures to ,anacreon & les ,ab5c]rages are /ill he>d f "t to "t at classical conc]ts2 b e "o rememb]s ! plot to assass9ate ! ,fir/ ,consul :i* 0 to h be5 put into execution at ! ,op]a1 & ! plot to de/roy ! ,emp]or1 ! ,empress & all _! ret9ue1 :i* 0 to take effect j outside its doors4 ,!n !re is ! appe>ance ( ! ,emp]or at ! ,op]a1 aft] 8 ha/y arrival 9 ,p>is f ,mosc[1 on ! v night be=e 8 return to meet ! ,russians ) ! allies :o _h n[ jo9$ !m1 at ,bautz5 & ,lutz5--! same night by ! way on :i* les ,ab5c]rages 0 produc$1 ) no great success4 ,!n aga9 !re is ! ev5+ ( ! #bi? ( ,m>*1 #ahad1 :5 ,iphignie en ,aulide 0 p]=m$ to an accompanim5t ( cannon :i* ! ,picc9ni/s1 if !y c\ld only h he>d x1 w\ld h decl>$ v appropriate to ,gluck's music2 t ( ! #a/ ( ,april1 :5 by desire1 ( ! ,russian emp]or & ! ,prussian k+1 la ,ve/ale 0 repres5t$2 & f9ally t ( ! #ag? ( ,may1 #ahad1 :5 dipe ,colone 0 play$ be=e ,l\is ,,xviii41 :o _h t morn+ made 8 triumphal entry into ,p>is4 ,sid5ote3 ,,an ,,op]atic ,,plot4 99 99 99 99 99 ,on ! #aj? ( ,octob]1 #ahjj1 a b& ( republicans _h sworn to assass9ate ! ,fir/ ,consul at ! ,op]a4 ,a new "w 0 to be produc$ t ev5+ compos$ by ,porta to a libretto f\nd$ on ,corneille's trag$y ( les ,horaces4 ,! mo/ /rik+ sc5e 9 ! piece1 t 9 :i* ! ,horatii swe> to conqu] or p]i%1 0 to be ! signal = action2 all ! lights 7 to be put out at ! same mom5t1 fireworks & gr5ades 7 to be ?r[n into ! boxes1 ! pit & on to ! /age2 cries ( fire & murd] 7 to be rais$ f all p>ts ( ! h\se1 & 9 ! mid/ ( ! g5]al confusion ! ,fir/ ,consul 0 to be assass9at$ 9 8 box4 ,! lead]s ( ! plot1 to make c]ta9 ( _! cue1 _h contriv$ to be pres5t at ! rehe>sal ( ! new op]a1 & ev]y?+ 0 prep>$ = ! next ev5+ & ! po/ ( ea* conspirator duly assign$ to him1 :5 "o ( ! numb]1 consci5ce smitt5 & unable to sleep dur+ ! night ( ! #i?1 w5t at daybreak ! next morn+ to ! ,prefect ( ,police & in=m$ him ( all ! details ( ! plot4 ,! conspiracy said ,bonap>te1 "s tw5ty ye>s aft]w>ds at ,/4 ,hel5a1 0 reveal$ by a capta9 9 ! l9e4#hg ,:at limit is !re1 he add$1 to ! comb9ations ( folly & /upidity6 ,?is (fic] _h a horror ( me z ,consul b ador$ me z g5]al4 ,he 0 anxi\s t ,i %\ld be torn f my po/1 b he w\ld h be5 v sorry t my life %\ld be tak54 ,i ought to be made prison]1 he said1 9 no way injur$1 & s5t to ! army to cont9ue to defeat ! enemies ( ,france4 ,! o!r conspirators laugh$ 9 8 face1 & :5 he saw !m di/ribute dagg]s1 & t !y 7 go+ beyond 8 int5tions1 he proce$$ at once to d5\nce ! :ole affair4 ,bonap>te1 aft] ! in=m] _h be5 br\ght be=e him1 sugge/$ to ! (fic]s ( 8 /aff1 ! ,prefect ( ,police & o!r function>ies :om he _h assembl$1 t x w\ld be z well n to let him appe> at ! ,op]a 9 ! ev5+2 b ! g5]al op9ion 01 t on ! contr>y1 he %\ld be =c$ to g1 & ultimately x 0 decid$ t until ! comm5cem5t ( ! p]=mance ev]y?+ %\ld be all[$ to take place z if ! conspiracy _h n be5 discov]$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,an ,,op]atic ,,plot4 ,9 ! ev5+ ! ,fir/ ,consul w5t to ! ,op]a1 att5d$ by a numb] ( sup]ior (fic]s1 all 9 pla9 clo!s4 ,! fir/ act pass$ (f quietly en\gh--9 all probability1 f> too quietly to please ! compos]1 = "s two hundr$ p]sons among ! audi5ce1 includ+ ! conspirators1 ! police & ! (fic]s atta*$ to ,bonap>te's p]son1 7 ?9k+ ( any?+ b ! music ( les ,horaces4 ,x 0 necess>y1 h[ev]1 to pay v p>ticul> att5tion to ! music ( ! second act 9 :i* ! sc5e ( ! oa? occurr$4 ,! s5t9els outside ! ,consul's box _h receiv$ ord]s to let no "o approa* :o _h n ! pass ^w1 issu$ an h\r be=e = ! op]a only2 & z a c]ta9 numb] ( conspirators _h tak5 up _! positions 9 ! corridors1 to ext+ui% ! lights at ! signal agre$ ^u1 a c]ta9 numb] ( ,bonap>te's (fic]s 7 s5t also into ! corridors to prev5t ! execution ( ?is manuvre4 ,! sc5e ( ! oa? 0 approa*+1 :5 a body ( police w5t to ! boxes 9 :i* ! lead]s ( ! plot 7 assembl$1 f\nd !m ) fireworks & gr5ades 9 _! h&s1 notifi$ to !m _! arre/ 9 ! polite/ mann]1 caution$ !m aga9/ creat+ ! slighte/ di/urbance1 & l$ !m s dext]\sly & quietly into captivity1 t _! disappe>ance f ! !atre 0 n obs]v$1 or if s1 0 d\btless attribut$ to ! badness ( ,porta's music4 ,! (fic]s 9 ! corridors c>ri$ pi/ols1 & at ! prop] mom5t seiz$ ! appo9t$ lamp-ext+ui%]s4 ,!n ! old ,horatius came =w>d & exclaim$-- ,jurez donc devant moi1 p> le ciel qui m'c\te4 ,que le d]ni] de v\s s]a mort ou va9queur4 ,! or*e/ra attack$ ! introduction to ! qu>tett4 ,! fatal prelude mu/ h s\nd$ some:at unmusical to ! e> ( ! ,fir/ ,consul2 b ! conspirators 7 n[ all 9 cu/ody & assembl$ 9 "o ( ! ve/ibules on ! gr\nd floor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,les ,,my/]es ,d',,isis4 ,on ! #bd? ( ,decemb]1 #ahjj1 ! day on :i* ! inf]nal ma*9e 0 direct$ aga9/ ! ,fir/ ,consul on 8 way to ! ,op]a1 a ,fr5* v]sion ( ,haydn's ,creation 0 to be execut$4 ,inde$1 ! p]=mance _h already comm5c$1 :51 dur+ ! g5tle adagio ( ! introduction1 ! dull report ( an explosion1 z if ( a cannon1 0 he>d1 b )\t ! audi5ce be+ at all al>m$4 ,imm$iately aft]w>ds ! ,fir/ ,consul appe>$ 9 8 box ) ,lannes1 ,lauri/on1 ,b]?i]1 & ,duroc4 ,madame ,bonap>te1 z %e 0 gett+ into h] c>riage1 ?\ght ( "s alt]ation to make 9 h] dress1 & return$ to h] ap>tm5ts = a few m9utes4 ,b = ?is delay h] c>riage w\ld h pass$ be=e ! inf]nal ma*9e at ! mom5t ( its explosion4 ,t5 m9utes aft]w>ds %e made h] appe>ance at ! ,op]a ) h] daught]1 ,mademoiselle ,hort5se ,beauh>nais1 ,madame ,murat1 & ,colonel ,rapp4 ,! p]=mance ( ! ,creation cont9u$ z if no?+ _h happ5$2 & ! report1 :i* _h int]f]$ s unexpect$ly ) ! effect ( ! op5+ adagio1 0 expla9$ 9 v>i\s ways2 ! acc\nt g5]ally receiv$ 9 ! pit be+1 t a groc] go+ into 8 cell> ) a c&le1 _h set light to a b>rel ( gunp[d]4 ,two h\ses 7 said to h be5 bl[n up4 ,?is 0 at ! beg9n+ ( ! fir/ "p ( ! ,creation2 at ! end ( ! second1 ! numb] _h probably increas$ to half a doz54 ,"u ! consulate & ! empire1 ! arts did n fl\ri% greatly 9 ,france2 n = want ( direct enc\ragem5t on ! "p ( ! rul]1 b r because he at ! same "t enc\rag$ f> above ev]y?+ else ! art ( w>4 ,until ! appe>ance ( ,spont9i ) la ,ve/ale1 ! ,acadmie1 "u ,napoleon ,bonap>te1 :e!r kn[n z ,bonap>te or ,napoleon1 0 *iefly support$ by compos]s :o compos$ )\t inv5t+1 & :o1 ) ! exception ( ,*]ub9i1 7 ei!r v feeble orig9ators or m]e plagi>i/s & spoliators4 ,ev5 ,moz>t did n escape ! ,fr5* arrang]s4 ,8 ,m>riage ( ,fig>o _h be5 br\ght out 9 #agih1 ) all ! prose dialogue ( ,beaum>*ais's com$y sub/itut$ = ! recitative ( ! orig9al op]a4 ,les ,my/res d',isis1 an adaptation1 p]v]sion1 dis>rangem5t ( ,die ,zaub]fltte1 ) sev]al pieces suppress$1 or replac$ by fragm5ts f ! ,nozze di ,fig>o1 ,don ,giovanni1 & ,haydn's symphonies1 0 produc$ on ! #bcrd ( ,augu/1 #ahja1 "u ! auspices ( ,morel ! libretti/1 & ,la*ni? ! musician4 ,les ,misres d',isis 0 ! appropriate "n giv5 to ?is sad m$ley by ! musicians ( ! or*e/ra4 ,la*ni? 0 f> f be+ a%am$ ( :at he _h done4 ,on ! contr>y1 he glori$ 9 x1 & seem$ someh[ or o!r to h p]suad$ himself t ! pieces :i* he _h /ol5 f ,moz>t & ,haydn 7 8 own compositions4 ,"o ev5+1 :5 he 0 pres5t at ! repres5tation ( ,les ,my/res d',isis1 he 0 affect$ to te>s1 & exclaim$1 ,no1 ,i w compose no m6 ,i c\ld nev] g beyond ?is6 ,don ,giovanni1 9 ! h&s ( ,kalkbr5n]1 f>$ no bett] ?an ! ,zaub]fltte 9 ^? ( ,la*ni?4 ,x ev5 f>$ worse2 = ,kalkbr5n] did n cont5t himself ) spoil+ ! g5]al effect ( ! "w1 by means ( pieces introduc$ f ,moz>t's o!r op]as1 & f ,haydn's symphonies3 he mutilat$ x s z completely to alt] its =m1 & fur!r debas$ x by mix+ ) its pure gold ! dross ( 8 own vile music4 ,sid5ote3 ,,kalkbr5n]',s ,,don ,,giovanni4 ,9 ,kalkbr5n]'s ,don ,giovanni1 ! op]a op5$ ) a recitative1 compos$ by ,kalkbr5n] himself4 ,next came ,leporello's solo1 foll[$ by an int]polat$ romance1 9 ! =m ( a s]5ade1 :i* 0 sung by ,don ,juan1 "u ,donna ,anna's w9d[4 ,! /ruggle ( ,don ,juan ) ,donna ,anna1 ! entry ( ! comm&ant1 8 combat ) ,don ,juan1 ! trio = ! ?ree m5 & all ! re/ ( ! introduction1 0 cut out4 ,! duet ( ,donna ,anna & ,ottavio 0 plac$ at ! end ( ! act1 & z ,don ,juan _h kill$ ! comm&ant (f ! /age1 x 0 ( c\rse depriv$ ( its m>vell\s recitative1 :i*1 to be duly effective1 mu/ be declaim$ by ,donna ,anna ov] ! body ( h] fa!r4 ,! :ole ( ! op]a 0 treat$ 9 ! same /yle4 ,! fir/ act 0 made to end z x _h begun1 ) a few phrases ( recitative ( ,kalkbr5n]'s own production4 ,! great] "p ( ! action ( ,da ,ponte's libretto 0 relat$ 9 dialogue1 s t ! mo/ dramatic portion ( ! music lo/ all its significance4 ,! :ole op]a1 9 %ort1 0 disfigur$1 cut to pieces1 de/roy$1 & fur!r defil$ by ! musical we$s :i* ! infam\s ,kalkbr5n] introduc$ among its /ill maje/ic ru9s4 ,at ?is p]iod ! supreme direction ( ! ,op]a 0 9 ! h&s ( a jury1 compos$ ( c]ta9 memb]s ( ! ,in/itute ( ,france4 ,x seems nev] to h occurr$ to ?is le>n$ body t !re 0 any impropriety 9 ! trio ( masques be+ execut$ by ?ree m51 & 9 ! two soprano p>ts be+ giv5 to t5ors1--by :i* arrangem5t ! "p ( ,ottavio1 ,moz>t's t5or1 in/ead ( be+ ! l[e/ 9 ! h>mony1 0 made ! highe/4 ,! said trio 0 sung by ?ree ar*]s1 ( c\rse to entirely new words6 ,let u pass on to ano!r op]a1 :i*1 if n comp>able to ,don ,giovanni1 0 at lea/ a magnific5t "w = ,france 9 #ahjg1 & :i* _h ! advantage ( be+ admirably execut$ "u ! c>eful direction ( its compos]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,spont9i _h already produc$ ,la ,f9ta ,filos(a1 :i*1 orig9ally br\ght out at ,naples1 0 aft]w>ds p]=m$ at ! ,italian ,!atre ( ,p>is1 )\t success2 ,la ,petite ,maison1 writt5 = ! ,opra ,comique1 & viol5tly hiss$2 & ,milton also compos$ = ! ,opra ,comique1 & fav\rably receiv$4 ,:5 ,la ,ve/ale 0 submitt$ to ! jury ( ! ,acadmie1 x 0 refus$ unanim\sly on ! gr\nd ( ! extravagance ( its /yle1 & ( ! audacity ( c]ta9 innovations 9 ! score4 ,spont9i appeal$ to ! ,empress ,joseph9e1 & x 0 ow+ to h] influ5ce1 & ?r\gh a direct ord] ( ! c\rt t ,la ,ve/ale 0 put ^u ! /age4 ,! jury 0 inexorable1 h[ev]1 z reg>d$ c]ta9 portions ( ! "w1 & ! compos] 0 oblig$ to submit x to ! or*e/ral conductor1 :o injur$ x 9 sev]al places1 b )\t spoil+ x4 ,spont9i wi%$ to give ! "p ( ! t5or to ,n\rrit2 b ,la9ez prote/$1 w5t to ! sup]9t5dant ( ! imp]ial !atres1 repres5t$ t he _h be5 fir/ t5or & fir/ lov] at ! ,op]a = ?irty ye>s1 & f9ally receiv$ full p]mission to make love to ! ,ve/al ( ! ,acadmie4 ,! ,emp]or ,napoleon _h ! pr9cipal pieces 9 ,la ,ve/ale execut$ by 8 private b&1 ne>ly a ye> be=e ! op]a 0 br\ght out at ! ,acadmie4 ,he _h suffici5t ta/e to admire ! music1 & pr$ict$ to ,spont9i ! success x aft]w>ds met )4 ,he is said1 9 p>ticul>1 to h prais$ ! f9ale1 ! fir/ dramatic f9ale writt5 = ! ,fr5* ,op]a4 ,sid5ote3 ,,spont9i4 ,la ,ve/ale 0 receiv$ by ! public ) en?usiasm4 ,x is said to h be5 admirably execut$1 & we "k t ,spont9i 0 difficult on ?is po9t1 = we are told by ,mr4 ,eb]s t he object$ to ! p]=mance ( ,la ,ve/ale1 9 ,london1 on ! gr\nd t ! means ( repres5tation !re 7 inadequate to d ju/ice to 8 composition4 ,?is 0 tw5ty ye>s aft] x 0 fir/ br\ght out 9 ,p>is1 :5 all ,ross9i's f9e/ & mo/ elaborately con/ruct$ op]as 7su* z ,semiramide1 = in/ance71 _h be5 play$ 9 ,london1 & 9 a mann] :i* q satisfi$ ,ross9i4 ,probably1 h[ev]1 x 0 9 ! spectacul> dep>tm5t t ,spont9i expect$ ! ,k+'s ,!atre w\ld break d[n4 ,h[ev] t may h be51 ,la ,ve/ale 0 produc$ 9 ,london1 & met ) v little success4 ,! "p ( ,la ,ve/ale 0 giv5 to a ,madame ,biagioli1 :o object$ to x z n suffici5tly good = h]4 ,f ! acc\nts extant ( ?is lady's p[]s1 x is q c]ta9 t ,spont9i1 if he _h he>d h]1 w\ld h consid]$ h] n ne>ly good en\gh = 8 music4 ,x w\ld1 ( c\rse1 h be5 f> bett] = ! compos]1 z = ! manag] & ! public1 if ,spont9i _h cons5t$ to sup]9t5d ! production ( 8 "w himself2 b fail+ t1 x 0 sc&al\s 9 defiance ( 8 wi%es to produce x at all4 ,un=tunately1 ?is is a k9d ( sc&al f :i* op]atic manag]s 9 ,engl& h seldom %runk4 ,spont9i's ,f]n& ,cortez1 produc$ at ! ,acadmie 9 #ahji1 met ) less success ?an ,la ,ve/ale4 ,9 bo? ^! works1 ! spectacul> elem5t play$ an important "p1 & 9 ,f]n& ,cortez1 x 0 f\nd necess>y to introduce a numb] ( ,franconi's horses4 ,a j\rnali/ ( ! p]iod propos$ t ! foll[+ inscription %\ld be plac$ above ! doors ( ! !atre3--,ii on j\e l'opra pi$ et *eval4 ,spont9i1 z special compos] = ! ,acadmie ( gr& op]as ) hippic & panoramic effects1 0 ! pr$ecessor ( ,m4 ,m4 ,mey]be]1 & ,halvy2 & ,he9e1 9 8 ,lutce#hh has giv5 u a v witty1 & p]haps1 9 ! ma91 tru?ful acc\nt ( ,spont9i's animosity t[>ds ,mey]be]1 :om he is said to h always reg>d$ z an intrigu] & int]lop]4 ,i may "h1 h[ev]1 m5tion z a pro( ( ! attractiv5ess ( ,la ,ve/ale f a purely musical po9t ( view1 t x 0 once repres5t$ ) great success1 n only )\t magnific5t or appropriate sc5]y1 b ) ! sc5]y belong+ to ano!r piece6 ,?is 0 on ! #a/ ( ,april1 #ahad1 ! day aft] ! entry ( ! ,russian & ,prussian troops into ,p>is4 ,le ,triomphe de ,trajan _h be5 ann\nc$2 ! alli$ sov]eigns1 h[ev]1 wi%$ to he> ,la ,ve/ale1 & ! p]=mance 0 *ang$4 ,b !re 0 n "t to prep>e ! sc5]y = ,spont9i's op]a1 & t ( ! said ,triomphe 0 made to d duty = x4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,murd] ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,le ,triomphe de ,trajan 0 a "w 9 :i* ,napoleon's clem5cy to a trea*]\s or patriotic ,g]man pr9ce 0 celebrat$1 & x has be5 said t ! programme ( ! #a/ ( ,april 0 *ang$1 because ! alli$ sov]eigns dislik$ ! subject ( ! op]a4 ,b x 0 p]fectly natural t !y %\ld wi% to he> ,spont9i's ma/]-piece1 & t !y %\ld n p>ticul>ly c>e to li/5 to a pice d'occasion1 set to music by a ,fr5* compos] ( no "n4 ,i h said t ,*]ub9i's ,ab5c]rages1 ( :i* all b ! ov]ture is n[ =gott51 0 produc$ 9 #ahac1 & t ! emp]or att5d$ its fir/ repres5tation ! night be=e 8 dep>ture f ,p>is1 to rejo9 8 troops1 & if possible1 *eck ! advance ( ! victori\s allies4 ,no o!r "w ( importance 0 produc$ at ! ,fr5* ,acadmie until ,ross9i's ,sige de ,cor9! 0 br\ght out 9 #ahbe4 ,?is1 ! fir/ "w writt5 by ! great ,italian ma/] specially = ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 0 repres5t$ at ! exi/+ !atre 9 ! ,rue ,lepelleti]1 ! op]a h\se 9 ! ,rue ,ri*elieu hav+ be5 pull$ d[n 9 #ahbj4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,murd] ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,9 ! ye> j m5tion$1 on ! #ac? ( ,febru>y1 be+ ! la/ ,sunday ( ! ,c>nival1 an unusually brilliant audi5ce _h assembl$ at ! ,acadmie ,royale4 ,le ,rossignol1 an insipid1 & =tunately1 v brief production1 0 ! op]a2 b ! great attraction ( ! ev5+ consi/$ 9 two ballets1 ,la ,c>naval de ,v5ise1 & ,les ,noces de ,gama*e4 ,! ,duke & ,du*ess de ,b]ri 7 pres5t1 & :5 ,le ,c>naval de ,v5ise1 ,le ,rossignol1 & ! fir/ act ( ,les ,noces de ,gama*e1 _h be5 p]=m$1 ! du*ess rose to leave ! !atre4 ,h] husb& accompani$ h] to ! c>riage1 & 0 tak+ leave ( h]1 int5d+ to return to ! !atre = ! la/ act ( ! ballet1 :5 a man crept up to him1 plac$ 8 left arm on ! duke's left side1 pull$ him viol5tly t[>ds him1 & z he held him 9 8 grasp1 ?ru/ a dagg] ?r\gh 8 body4 ,! dagg] ent]$ ! duke's "r side1 & ! pressure ( ! assass9's arm1 & ! =ce ) :i* ! bl[ 0 giv51 7 s great1 t ! weapon w5t ?r\gh ! lungs1 & pi]c$ ! he>t1 a blade ( six in*es inflict+ a w\nd n9e in*es long4 ,! news ( ! duke's assass9ation spread ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,p>is z if by electricity2 & ,m4 ,alex&re ,dumas1 9 8 int]e/+ ,memoirs1 tells u almo/ ! same ?+ t ,balzac says ab\t x 9 "o ( 8 novels2 t x 0 kn[n at ! f>!r end ( ,p>is1 be=e a man on horseback1 despat*$ at ! mom5t ! bl[ 0 /ruck1 c\ld possibly h rea*$ ! spot4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze %[s u v pla9ly t ! t]rible occurr5ce 0 n kn[n )9 ! ,op]a2 or1 at lea/1 only to a few (ficials1 until aft] ! conclusion ( ! p]=mance1 :i* w5t on z if no?+ _h happ5$4 ,! duke 0 c>ri$ into ! director's room1 :]e he 0 att5d$ by ,blan*eton1 ! surgeon ( ! ,op]a1 & at once bl$ 9 bo? arms4 ,he1 himself1 drew ! dagg] f ! w\nd1 & obs]v$ at ! same "t t he felt x 0 mortal4 ,! ,c\nt d',artois1 & ! ,duke & ,du*ess d',ang\lme arriv$ soon aft]w>ds4 ,!re lay ! unhappy pr9ce1 on a b$ ha/ily arrang$1 & already inundat$1 soak$ ) blood1 surr\nd$ by 8 fa!r1 bro!r1 si/]1 & wife1 ^: poignant angui% 0 f "t to "t alleviat$ by "s fa9t ray ( hope1 de/9$1 h[ev]1 to be quickly dispell$4 ,five ( ! mo/ celebrat$ doctors 9 ,p>is1 ) ,dupuytr5 among ! numb]1 _h be5 s5t =2 & z ! pati5t 0 n[ ne>ly suffocat+ f int]nal hmorrhage1 ! orifice ( ! w\nd 0 wid5$4 ,?is af=d$ "s relief1 & = a mom5t x 0 ?\ght j possible t a recov]y might be effect$4 ,ano!r mom5t1 & x 0 evid5t t !re 0 no hope4 ,! duke ask$ to see 8 daught]1 & embrac$ h] sev]al times2 he also express$ a desire to see ! k+4 ,n[ ! sacram5t 0 adm9i/]$ to him1 b1 on ! express condition exact$ by ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,p>is1 t ! ,op]a ,h\se %\ld aft]w>ds be de/roy$4 ,two o!r unackn[l$g$ daught]s ( 8 y\? 7 br\ght to ! dy+ man's b$side1 & receiv$ 8 bless+4 ,he _h already recomm5d$ !m to ! du*ess's c>e4 ,soon y w h no fa!r1 %e said to !m1 & ,i %all h ?ree daught]s4 ,9 ! mean:ile ! ,spani% ballet 0 be+ cont9u$1 amid/ ! mir? & applause ( ! audi5ce1 :o te/ifi$ by _! demean\r t x 0 ,c>nival "t1 & t ! j\rs gras _h already comm5c$4 ,! h\se 0 cr[d$1 & ! bol]os & sequidillas ) :i* ! ,spani>ds ( ! ,p>isian ballet a/oni%$ & dazzl$ ,don ,quixote & 8 fai?ful knight1 ?rew boxes1 pit1 & gall]y1 into ec/asies ( delight4 ,else:]e1 9 ! room next 8 victim1 /ood ! assass91 int]rogat$ by ! m9i/]s1 ,decazes & ,pasqui]1 ) ! bloody dagg] be=e !m on ! table4 ,! murd]] simply decl>$ t he _h no accomplices1#hi & t he took all ! responsibility ( ! crime on himself4 ,at five 9 ! morn+1 ,l\is ,,xviii4 0 by ! side ( 8 dy+ nephew4 ,an attempt _h be5 made1 ! mak+ ( :i* 0 little less ?an an insult to ! k+1 to dissuade him f be+ pres5t at ! duke's la/ mom5ts4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,,murd] ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,! sight ( dea? does n t]rify me1 repli$ ,8 ,maje/y1 & ,i h a duty to p]=m4 ,aft] begg+ t 8 murd]] might be =giv51 & entreat+ ! du*ess n to give way to despair1 ! ,duke de ,b]ri brea!d 8 la/ 9 ! arms ( ! k+1 :o clos$ 8 eyes at half-pa/ six 9 ! morn+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,op]a 0 n[ to be he>d no m 9 ! ,rue ,ri*elieu4 ,! holy sacram5t _h cross$ ! ?re%old ( a pr(ane build+1 & x 0 necess>y t ?is pr(ane build+ %\ld be de/roy$2 inde$1 a promise to t effect _h be5 already giv54 ,all ! !atres 7 clos$ = t5 days1 & ! ,op]a1 n[ homeless1 did n re-comm5ce its p]=mances until upw>ds ( two mon?s aft]w>ds1 :5 x took possession = a "t ( ! ,?tre ,fav>t4 ,9 ! ,augu/ ( ! same ye> ! erection ( ! !atre 9 ! ,rue ,lepelleti] 0 comm5c$4 ,! pres5t ,?tre de l',opra1 7! absurd title ( ,acadmie hav+ rec5tly be5 ab&on$71 0 int5d$ :5 x 0 fir/ built1 to be b a tempor>y affair4 ,/rangely en\gh x has la/$ =ty ye>s1 dur+ :i* "t x has se5 solidly con/ruct$ op]a-h\ses p]i% by fire 9 all p>ts ( ,europe4 ,may ! new op]a-h\se ab\t to be erect$ 9 ,p>is1 "u ! auspices ( ,napoleon ,,iii41 be equally =tunate4 ,i am "h rem9d$ t bo? ! ,napoleons h prov$ !mselves good & intellig5t fri5ds to ! ,op]a4 ,9 ! ye> elev5 ( ! ,fr5* republic1 ! ,fir/ ,consul & 8 two associates1 ! ,m9i/] ( ! ,fr5* republic1 ! ?ree ,consuls1 ! ,m9i/]s ( ! int]ior & police1 ,g5]al ,junot1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 & a few m (ficials occupi$ among !m z _m z sev5te5 boxes at ! op]a1 conta9+ altoge!r n9ety-f\r places4 ,bonap>te _h a report drawn up f :i* x appe>$ t ! value ( ^! boxes to ! adm9i/ration1 0 sixty ?\s& f\r hundr$ francs p] annum1 includ+ fifte5 ?\s& francs = ^? kept at 8 own disposition4 ,!reupon he add$ to ! report ! foll[+ brief1 b on ! :ole satisfactory rem>k4 ,a datt] du premi] nivose t\tes ces loges s]ont payes p> ceux qui les occup5t4 ,! error 9 or?ography is n ! pr9t]s'1 b ,napoleon ,bonap>te's1 & ! docum5t 9 :i* x occurs1 is at pres5t 9 ! h&s ( ,m4 ,regni] ( ! ,comdie ,franaise4 ,a mon? aft]w>ds1 ,napoleon1 or at lea/ ! consul> trio ( :i* he 0 ! *ief1 assign$ to ! ,op]a a regul> subsidy ( #fjj1jjj francs a ye>2 he at ! same "t gave x a respectable "n4 ,"u ! ,conv5tion x _h be5 entitl$ ,?tre de la ,rpublique et des ,arts2 ! ,fir/ ,consul call$ x simply1 ,?tre des ,arts1 an appellation x _h borne be=e4#ij ,h>dly _h ! new !atre 9 ! ,rue ,lepelleti] op5$ its doors1 :5 a s+] ( ! highe/ class1 a t5or ( ! mo/ p]fect k9d1 made 8 appe>ance4 ,?is 0 ,adolphe ,n\rrit1 a pupil ( ,g>cia1 :o1 on ! #aj? ( ,septemb]1 #ahba1 made 8 fir/ appe>ance ) ! greate/ success z ,pylade 9 ,iphignie en ,tauride4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 until ,aub]'s ,muette de ,portici 0 produc$ 9 #ahbh1 t ,n\rrit _h an opportunity ( di/+ui%+ himself 9 a new & important "p4 ,sid5ote3 ,,la ,,muette ,,de ,,portici4 ,la ,muette 0 ! fir/ ( ^? important works to :i* ! ,fr5* ,op]a owes its actual celebrity 9 ,europe4 ,le ,sige de ,cor9!1 translat$ & adapt$ f ,maometto ,,ii41 ) additions 7includ+ ! admirable bless+ ( ! flags7 writt5 specially = ! ,acadmie1 _h be5 br\ght out eighte5 mon?s be=e1 b )\t mu* success4 ,maometto ,,ii4 0 n "o ( ,ross9i's be/ works1 ! drama on :i* x 0 con/ruct$ 0 ess5tially feeble & un9t]e/+1 & ! mann] 9 :i* ! :ole 0 arrang$ = ! ,fr5* /age1 0 unsatisfactory 9 _m respects4 ,le ,sige de ,cor9! 0 greatly applaud$ ! fir/ night1 b x soon ceas$ to h any attraction = ! public4 ,ross9i _h previ\sly writt5 ,il ,viaggio a ,reims = ! coronation ( ,*>les ,x41 & ?is "w 0 re-produc$ at ! ,academy ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds1 ) sev]al important additions 7su* z ! duet = ,isoli] & ! ,c\nt1 ! *orus ( wom51 ! unaccompani$ qu>tett1 ! highly effective dr9k+ *orus1 & ! beautiful trio ( ! la/ act71 "u ! title ( le ,comte ,ory4 ,9 ! mean:ile ,la ,muette _h be5 br\ght out1 to be foll[$ ! ye> aft]w>ds by ,guillaume ,tell1 :i* 0 to be succe$$ 9 its turn by ,mey]be]'s ,rob]t le ,diable1 ,les ,hugu5ots & ,le ,prophte1 7works :i* belong specially to ! ,acadmie & ) :i* its mod]n reputation is intimately associat$71 by ,aub]'s ,gu/ave ,,iii41 ,donizetti's la ,favorite1 c4 ,la ,muette de ,portici _h ! great advantage ( enabl+ ! ,acadmie to display all its res\rces at once4 ,x 0 br\ght out ) magnific5t sc5]y & an excell5t corps de ballet1 ) a premire danseuse1 ,mademoiselle ,noblet z ! h]o9e1 ) ! new t5or1 ,n\rrit1 9 ! important "p ( ! h]o1 & ) a well taught *orus capable ( su/a9+ ) due effect ! prom95t rle assign$ to x4 ,= 9 ! ye> #ahbh x 0 q a novelty at ! ,fr5* ,op]a to see ! *orus tak+ "p 9 ! g5]al action ( ! drama4 ,sid5ote3 ,,la ,,muette ,,de ,,portici4 ,if we comp>e ,la ,muette ) ! ,gr& ,op]as produc$ subsequ5tly at ! ,acadmie1 we f9d t x diff]s f !m all 9 "s important respects4 ,9 ! =m]1 in/ead ( a prima donna we h a prima ball]9a 9 ! pr9cipal female "p4 ,( c\rse ! conc]t$ pieces suff] by ?is1 or r ! numb] ( conc]t$ pieces is dim9i%$1 & to ! same cause may1 p]haps1 be attribut$ ! abs5ce ( f9ales 9 ,la ,muette4 ,x *iefly ow$ its success 7:i* is /ill r5ew$ f "t to "t :5ev] x is re-produc$7 to ! intr9sic beauty ( its melodies & to ! dramatic situations provid$ by ! +5i\s libretti/1 ,m4 ,scribe1 & admirably tak5 advantage ( by ! compos]4 ,b ! "p ( ,f5ella _h also great attractions = ^? unmusical p]sons :o are f\nd 9 almo/ e audi5ce 9 ,engl& & ,france1 & = :om ! *ief int]e/ 9 e op]a consi/s 9 ! skeleton-drama on :i* x is f\nd$4 ,to !m ! graceful ,f5ella ) h] expressive pantomime is no bad sub/itute = a s+] ^: words w\ld be un9telligible to !m1 & ^: s++1 cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! ,op]a1 w\ld p]haps fatigue _! dull e>s4 ,^! ballet-op]as seem to h be5 v popul> 9 ,france ab\t ! p]iod :5 ,la ,muette 0 produc$1 ! o!r mo/ celebrat$ example ( ! /yle be+ ,aub]'s ,le ,dieu et la ,bayadre4 ,9 ! pres5t day x w\ld be consid]$ t a prima ball]9a1 introduc$ z a pr9cipal "* 9 an op]a1 w\ld int]f]e too mu* ) ! comb9ations ( ! s++ p]sonages4 ,i ne$ say no?+ ab\t ! *>m+ music ( ,la ,muette1 :i* is well kn[n to e frequ5t] ( ! ,op]a1 fur!r ?an to m5tion1 t ! melody ( ! celebrat$ b>c>ole & *orus1 ,amis1 amis le soleil va p>aitre _h already be5 he>d 9 a "w ( ,aub]'s1 call$ ,emma2 & t ! brilliant ov]ture _h previ\sly s]v$ z an in/rum5tal preface to ,le ,maon4 ,la ,muette de ,portici 0 translat$ & play$ ) great success 9 ,engl&4 ,b %ameful lib]ties 7 tak5 ) ! piece2 recitatives 7 omitt$1 songs 7 int]polat$3 & x 0 n until ,masaniello 0 produc$ at ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a t ! ,engli% public _h an opportunity ( he>+ ,aub]'s great "w )\t suppressions or additions4 ,! greate/ op]a ev] writt5 = ! ,acadmie1 & "o ( ! ?ree or f\r greate/ op]as ev] produc$1 0 n[ ab\t to be br\ght out4 ,guillaume ,tell 0 repres5t$ = ! fir/ "t on ! #crd ( ,augu/1 #ahbi4 ,x 0 n unsuccessful1 or ev5 coldly receiv$ ! fir/ night1 z has (t5 be5 /at$2 b ! result ( ! fir/ few repres5tations 0 on ! :ole unsatisfactory4 ,musicians & connoisseurs 7 /ruck by ! great beauties ( ! "w f ! v beg9n+2 b "s ye>s pass$ be=e x 0 fully appreciat$ by ! g5]al public4 ,! success ( ! music 0 c]ta9ly n assi/$ by ! libretto--"o ( ! mo/ t$i\s & insipid ev] put toge!r2 & x 0 n until ,ross9i's ma/]piece _h be5 cut d[n f five to ?ree acts1 t ! ,p>isians1 z a body1 took any great int]e/ 9 x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,guillaume ,,tell4 ,guillaume ,tell is n[ play$ ev]y:]e 9 ! ?ree act =m4 ,"s ye>s ago a ,g]man doctor1 :o _h paid f\r francs to he> ,d] ,freis*tz at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 proce$$ aga9/ ! directors = ! recov]y ( 8 money1 on ! plea t x _h be5 obta9$ f him on false pret5ces1 ! "w adv]tis$ z ,d] ,freis*tz n be+ precisely ! ,d] ,freis*tz#ia :i* ,k>l ,m>ia von ,web] compos$4 ,! doctor might amuse himself 7! au?orities p]mitt+7 by br++ an action aga9/ ! manag]s ( ! ,b]l9 !atre e "t !y produce ,ross9i's ,guillaume ,tell--:i* is (t5 en\gh1 & always 9 ?ree acts4 ,! orig9al ca/ ( ,guillaume ,tell includ$ ,n\rrit1 ,levasseur1 ,dabadie1 ,a4 ,dupont1 ,massol1 & ,madame ,c9ti-,damoreau4 ,! s+]s & musicians ( ! ,op]a 7 en?usia/ic 9 _! admiration ( ! new "w1 & ! morn+ aft] its production assembl$ on ! t]race ( ! h\se :]e ,ross9i liv$ & p]=m$ a selection f x 9 8 hon\r4 ,"o di/+ui%$ arti/ :o took no "p 9 ?is c]emony _h1 nev]!less1 contribut$ 9 no small degree to ! success ( ! op]a4 ,?is 0 ,mademoiselle ,taglioni1 ^: tyroli5ne danc$ to ! music ( ! *>m+ unaccompani$ *orus1 0 ( c\rse und]/ood & applaud$ by e "o f ! v fir/4 ,aft] ! fir/ run ( ,guillaume ,tell1 ! ,op]a return$ to ,la ,muette de ,portici1 & !n = a "t ,aub]'s & ,ross9i's ma/]pieces 7 play$ alt]nate nights4 ,on ,w$nesday1 ,july #crd1 #ahcj1 ,la ,muette de ,portici 0 p]=m$1 & ) a c]ta9 political appropriat5ess2--= ! days ( ,july 7 n[ at h&1 & ! insurrection>y _s _h already manife/$ itself 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is4 ,! =tunes ( ,la ,muette de ,portici h be5 affect$ 9 v>i\s ways by ! revolution>y "* ( ! plot4 ,ev5 9 ,london x 0 m ?an once made a pretext = a demon/ration by ! radicals ( ,william ! ,f\r?'s "t4 ,at mo/ ( ! ,italian !atres x has be5 ei!r =bidd5 altoge!r or has _h to be alt]$ consid]ably be=e ! au?orities w\ld all[ x to be play$4 ,/range z x may appe>1 9 absolute ,russia x has be5 repres5t$ times out ( numb] 9 its orig9al %ape1 "u ! title ( ,f5ella4 ,sid5ote3 ,,fr5* ,,national ,,songs4 ,we h se5 t ,masaniello 0 repres5t$ 9 ,p>is f\r days be=e ! comm5cem5t ( ! outbreak :i* end$ 9 ! eld] bran* ( ! ,b\rbons be+ driv5 f ! ?rone4 ,on ! #bf? ( ,july1 ,guillaume ,tell 0 to h be5 repres5t$1 b ! city 0 9 su* a /ate ( agitation1 9 consequ5ce ( ! issue ( ! ordonnances1 sign$ at ,/4 ,cl\d ! day be=e1 t ! ,op]a 0 clos$4 ,on ! #bg? ! fight+ began & la/$ until ! #bi?1 :5 ! ,op]a 0 re-op5$4 ,on ! #d? ( ,augu/1 ,la ,muette de ,portici 0 p]=m$1 & creat$ ! greate/ en?usiasm1--! public f9d+ 9 almo/ e sc5e "s rem9d]1 & n[ & !n a tol]ably exact repres5tation1 ( :at _h j tak5 place )9 a /one's ?r[ ( ! !atre4 ,la ,muette1 ap>t f its music1 became n[ ! great piece ( ! day2 & ! repres5tations at ! ,op]a 7 r5d]$ /ill m popul> by ,n\rrit s++ ,la ,p>isi5ne e ev5+4 ,! melody ( ?is tempor>y national song1 l t ( its pr$ecessor 7s inf9itely sup]ior to x71 ,la ,m>seillaise 7accord+ to ,ca/il ,blaze71 0 borr[$ f ,g]many4 ,france1 nev] want+ 9 national _s1 has yet no national air4 ,x has f\r p>ty songs1 n "o ( :i* c be consid]$ truly patriotic1 & ( :i* ! only "o t possesses any musical m]it1 disfigur$ z x has be5 by its ,fr5* adapt]s1 is ( ,g]man orig94 ,n\rrit is said to h deliv]$ ,la ,p>isi5ne ) wond]ful vig\r & animation1 & to ?is & to ,casimir ,delavigne's v]ses 7or r to ,delavigne's "n1 = ! v]ses 9 !mselves are n v rem>kable7 may be attribut$ ! reputation :i* ! ,fr5* national song1 ,no4 #d1ib = "s "t enjoy$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,guillaume ,tell is ,ross9i's la/ op]a4 ,to surpass t admirable "w w\ld h be5 difficult = its own compos]1 impossible = any "o else2 & ,ross9i appe>s to h resolv$ to t]m9ate 8 arti/ic c>e] :5 x _h rea*$ its climax4 ,9 c>ry+ out ?is resolution1 he has display$ a /r5g? ( "*1 ( :i* x is almo/ impossible to f9d ano!r in/ance4 ,_m o!r reasons h be5 giv5 = ,ross9i's ab/a9+ f composition dur+ s _m ye>s1 su* z ! coldness ) :i* ,guillaume ,tell 0 receiv$ 7:51 z we h se51 its imm$iate reception by ^? ^: op9ion ,ross9i w\ld *iefly h valu$1 0 m>k$ by ! greate/ en?usiasm71 & ! success ( ,mey]be]'s op]as1 ?\gh :o w\ld ?9k ( plac+ ! mo/ successful ( ,mey]be]'s works on a level ) ,guillaume ,tell8 ,je revi5drai qu& les juifs auront f9i leur sabbat1 is a spee* 7some:at un*>act]i/ic ( ! speak]1 z x seems to me71 attribut$ to ,ross9i by ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze2 :o1 h[ev]1 also m5tions1 t :5 ,rob]t le ,diable 0 produc$1 e j\rnal 9 ,p>is said t x 0 ! f9e/ op]a1 except ,guillaume ,tell1 t _h be5 produc$ at ! ,acadmie = ye>s4 ,x appe>s c]ta91 n[1 t ,ross9i simply made up 8 m9d to abdicate at ! height ( 8 p[]4 ,!re 7 pl5ty ( compos]s :o c\ld write works inf]ior to ,guillaume ,tell1 & to !m he left ! k+dom ( op]a1 to be divid$ z !y might arrange x among !mselves4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ,mey]be] at ! ,acadmie2 by ,donizetti & ,bell9i at ! ,italian op]a-h\ses ( all ,europe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ross9i _h already f\nd a foll[]1 &1 s to speak1 an orig9al imitator1 9 ,aub]1 ^: em95tly ,ross9ian ov]ture to ,la ,muette1 0 he>d at ! ,acadmie ! ye> be=e ,guillaume ,tell4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i',s ,,foll[]s4 ,i ne$ sc>cely rem9d ! intellig5t read]1 t ! compos] ( ?ree ma/]-pieces 9 su* v diff]5t /yles z ,il ,b>bi]e1 ,semiramide1 & ,guillaume ,tell1 might h a doz5 foll[]s1 ^: works1 :ile all resembl+ 9 c]ta9 po9ts ^? ( _! pr$ecessor & ma/]1 %\ld yet be> no great g5]al resemblance to "o ano!r4 ,all ! compos]s :o came imm$iately aft] ,ross9i1 accept$1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 ^? important *anges :i* he _h introduc$ 9 ! treatm5t ( ! op]atic drama1 & to :i* he _h n[ s accu/om$ ! public1 t a return to ! /yle ( ! old ,italian ma/]s1 w\ld h be5 n m]ely injudici\s1 b intol]able4 ,?us1 all ! po/-,ross9ian compos]s adopt$ ,ross9i's mann] ( accompany+ recitative ) ! full b&2 8 sub/itution ( dialogu$ pieces1 writt5 9 measur$ music1 ) a prom95t connect+ "p assign$ to ! or*e/ra1 = ! int]m9able dialogues 9 simple recitative1 employ$ by ! e>li] ,italian compos]s2 8 mode ( con/ruct+ f9ales2 & 8 new di/ribution ( *>act]s1 by :i* basses & b>itones become z eligible = fir/ p>ts z t5ors1 :ile great importance is giv5 to ! *orus1 :i*1 9 c]ta9 op]as1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! plot1 becomes an important dramatic ag5t4 ,i may repeat1 by way ( memor&um1 :at has be=e be5 obs]v$1 t ne>ly all ^! =ms orig9at$ ) ,moz>t1 ?\gh x 0 res]v$ = ,ross9i to introduce & e/abli% !m on ! ,italian /age4 ,9 %ort1 ) ! exception ( ! v greate/ ma/]s ( ,g]many1 all ! compos]s ( ! la/ ?irty or =ty ye>s1 h be5 to "s1 & (t5 to a v great ext5t1 influ5c$ by ,ross9i4 ,! g5]al tru? ( ?is rem>k is n less5$ by ! fact1 t ,hrold & ,aub]1 & ev5 ,donizetti & ,bell9i 7! la/1 especially1 9 ! simplicity ( 8 melodies71 aft]w>ds f\nd di/9ctive /yles2 & t ,mey]be]1 aft] ,il ,crociato1 took ,web]1 r ?an ,ross9i1 = 8 model--! compos] ( ,rob]t at ! same "t exhibit+ a /rongly m>k$ individuality1 :i* none ( 8 adv]se critics ?9k ( d5y+1 & :i* is p>tly1 no d\bt1 ! cause ( _! adv]se criticism4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i',s ,,retirem5t4 ,:at w make x appe> to "s p]sons /ill m a/oni%+1 t ,ross9i %\ld h retir$ aft] produc+ ,guillaume ,tell is1 t he _h sign$ an agreem5t ) ! ,acadmie1 by :i* he engag$ to write ?ree gr& op]as = x 9 six ye>s4 ,9 addition to 8 au?or's rights1 he 0 to receive t5 ?\s& francs annually until ! expiration ( ! six? ye>1 & ! completion ( ! ?ird op]a4 ,no4 #a 0 ,guillaume ,tell4 ,! librettos ( ,nos4 #b & #c 7 ,gu/ave & ,le ,duc d',albe1 bo? ( :i* 7 return$ by ,ross9i to ,m4 ,scribe1 p]haps1 ) an explanation1 b ) none t has ev] be5 made public4 ,ross9i 0 at ?is "t ?irty-sev5 ye>s ( age1 /rong & vigor\s en\gh to h outliv$1 n only 8 e>lie/1 b 8 late/ compositions1 _h !y n be5 ! mo/ rem>kable dramatic works ( ?is c5tury4 ,if ,ross9i _h be5 a compos] :o produc$ ) difficulty1 8 retirem5t w\ld h be5 m easy to expla92 b ! difficulty ) him mu/ h be5 to avoid produc+4 ,! /ory is probably kn[n to _m read]s ( 8 writ+ a duet "o morn+1 9 b$1 lett+ ! music pap] fall1 &1 r ?an leave 8 w>m %eets to pick x up1 writ+ ano!r duet1 :i* 0 q diff]5t f ! fir/4 ,a hundr$ simil> anecdotes are told ( ! facility ) :i* ,ross9i compos$4 ,:o kn[s b t he wi%$ 8 c>e] to be measur$ aga9/ ^? ( s _m o!r compos]s ^: days 7 cut %ort1 at ab\t ! age he _h rea*$ :5 he produc$ ,guillaume ,tell8 ,a v improbable supposition1 c]ta9ly1 :5 we consid] h[ little my/icism !re is 9 ! "* ( ,ross9i4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 he ceas$ to write op]as at ab\t ! age :5 _m ( 8 imm$iate pr$ecessors & foll[]s ceas$ to live4#ic ,& ev5 ,ross9i _h a n>r[ escape4 ,ab\t ! critical p]iod1 :5 ! compos] ( ,guillaume ,tell 0 a little m ?an half way betwe5 ?irty & =ty1 ! ,italian ,!atre ( ,p>is 0 burnt to ! gr\nd4 ,?is1 at fir/ sight1 appe>s to h no?+ to d ) ! "q2 b ,ross9i liv$ 9 ! !atre1 & 8 ap>tm5ts 7 ne> ! ro(4 ,he _h />t$ = ,italy two days previ\sly2 _h he rema9$ 9 ,p>is1 he c]ta9ly w\ld h %>$ ! fate ( ! o!r inmates :o p]i%$ 9 ! flames4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mey]be] is a compos] :o defies classification1 or :o1 at lea/1 may be classifi$ 9 ?ree diff]5t ways4 ,z ! au?or ( ! ,crociato1 he belongs to ,italy1 & ! s*ool ( ,ross9i2 ,rob]t le ,diable exhibits him z a compos] *iefly ( ! ,g]man s*ool1 ) a t5d5cy to foll[ 9 ! /eps ( ,web]2 b ,rob]t1 les ,hugu5ots1 le ,prophte1 l',etoile du ,nord1 &1 above all ,d9orah1 are also *>act]i/ic ( ! compos] himself4 ,! committee ( ! ,london ,int]national ,exhibition has ju/ly decid$ t ,mey]be] is a ,g]man compos]1 & !re is no d\bt ab\t 8 hav+ be5 born 9 ,g]many1 & educat$ = "s "t "u ! same pr(essor z ,k>l ,m>ia ,von ,web]2 b x is equally c]ta9 t he wrote ^? works to :i* he owes 8 great celebrity = ! ,acadmie ,royale ( ,p>is1 & z we are j n[ deal+ ) ! hi/ory ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 ?is1 ,i ?9k1 is ! prop] place 9 :i* to introduce ! mo/ illu/ri\s ( liv+ & work+ compos]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rehe>sals4 ,! compos] ( ,il ,crociato 9 ,egitto1 an amateur1 is a native ( ,b]l91 :]e 8 fa!r1 a ,jew1 :o is s9ce dead1 0 a bank] ( great ri*es4 ,! fa!r's "n 0 ,be]1 ,mey] be+ m]ely a ,jewi% prefix1 :i* ! son ?\ght fit to incorporate ) 8 surname4 ,he 0 a companion ( ,web]1 9 8 musical /udies4 ,he _h produc$ o!r op]as :i* _h be5 well receiv$1 b none ( !m 0 foll[$ by or m]it$ ! success t att5d$ ,il ,crociato4 ,s f> ,mr4 ,eb]s1 :o1 9 a few words1 tells u a great deal ( ,mey]be]'s e>ly c>e]4 ,! said ,crociato1 writt5 = ,v5ice1 9 #ahbd1 0 aft]w>ds produc$ at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is 9 #ahbe1 six ye>s be=e ,rob]t le ,diable 0 br\ght out at ! ,acadmie4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahbe1 a few mon?s be=e its production 9 ,p>is1 x 0 modifi$ 9 ,london1 & ,mr4 ,eb]s in=ms u t ! gett+ up ( ! op]a1 to :i* n9e mon?s 7 devot$ at ! ,?tre ,itali51 occupi$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre only "o4 ,su* rapid feats are famili> en\gh to our op]atic manag]s & musical conductors4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t a fir/ p]=mance 9 ,engl& is v (t5 less p]fect ?an a dress rehe>sal 9 ,france2 &1 moreov]1 t betwe5 br++ out an orig9al "w 7or an old "w1 9 an orig9al /yle71 9 ,p>is1 & br++ out ! same "w aft]w>ds1 m or less con=mably to ! ,p>isian#id model1 9 ,london1 !re is ! same diff]5ce z betwe5 compos+ a picture & m]ely copy+ "o4 ,no s+]s & musicians read bett] ?an ^? ( ! ,fr5* ,acadmie1 & x is a t]rible mi/ake to suppose t s mu* "t is requir$ at t !atre = ! production ( a gr& op]a on acc\nt ( any difficulty 9 mak+ ! arti/es acqua9t$ ) _! p>ts4 ,guillaume ,tell 0 _m mon?s 9 rehe>sal1 b ! or*e/ra play$ ! ov]ture at fir/ sight 9 a mann] :i* a/oni%$ & delight$ ,ross9i4 ,! great1 & ,i may add1 ! inevitable fault ( our sy/em ( managem5t 9 ,engl& is t x is impossible to procure = a new op]a a suffici5t numb] ( rehe>sals be=e x is publicly produc$4 ,x is surpris+ h[ few repetitions suffice1 b !y w\ld n suffice if ! same p]fection 0 ?\ght necess>y on ! fir/ night :i* is obta9$ at ! ,p>is & ,b]l9 ,op]as1 & :i*1 9 ,london1 9 ! case ( v difficult1 elaborate works1 is n rea*$ until aft] sev]al repres5tations4 ,h[ev]1 ,il ,crociato 0 br\ght out 9 ,london aft] a mon?'s rehe>sal4 ,! manag] left ! musical direction almo/ entirely 9 ! h&s ( ,velluti1 :o _h already sup]9t5d$ its production at ,v5ice1 & ,flor5ce1 & :o 0 engag$1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 = ! pr9cipal "p writt5 specially = him4 ,! op]a 7( :i* ! ca/ includ$1 besides ,velluti1 ,mademoiselle ,g>cia1 ,madame ,c>adori & ,crivelli ! t5or7 0 v successful1 & 0 p]=m$ t5 nights )\t int]mission :5 ! run 0 br\ght to a t]m9ation by ! clos+ ( ! !atre4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! music by ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 %[s ! sort ( impression x made ^u ! old amateurs ( ! p]iod4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mey]be]',s ,,crociato4 ,x 0 q ( ! new s*ool1 b n copi$ f its f\nd]1 ,ross9i2 orig9al1 odd1 flighty1 & x might ev5 be t]m$ fanta/ic1 b at times beautiful2 "h & !re mo/ delightful melodies & h>monies occurr$1 b x 0 unequal1 solos 7 z r>e z 9 all ! mod]n op]as1 b ! num]\s conc]t$ pieces mu* %ort] & f> less noisy ?an ,ross9i's1 consi/+ *iefly ( duets & t]zettos1 ) b few *oruses & no ov]:elm+ accompanim5ts4 ,inde$1 ,mey]be] has r gone into ! contr>y extreme1 ! in/rum5tal p>ts be+ frequ5tly s slight z to be almo/ meagre1 :ile he has s\ght to produce new & /rik+ effects f ! voices alone4 ,be=e speak+ ( ,mey]be]'s bett] kn[n & m celebrat$ works1 ,i mu/ say a few words ab\t ,velluti1 a s+] ( great p[]s1 b ( a peculi> k9d 7non vir s$ ,veluti7 :o1 z ,i h said be=e1 play$ ! pr9cipal "p 9 ,il ,crociato4 ,he 0 ! la/ ( 8 tribe1 & liv+ at a "t :5 too mu* lic5se 0 all[$ to s+]s 9 ! execution ( ! music entru/$ to !m1 s disgu/$ ,ross9i by 8 extravagant /yle ( ornam5tation1 t ! compos] resolv$ to write 8 airs 9 future 9 su* elaborate detail1 t to embelli% !m w\ld be beyond ! p[] ( any s+]4 ,be ?is h[ x may1 ,ross9i did n l ,velluti's s++1 nor ,velluti ,ross9i's music--:i* suffici5tly proves t ! la/ ( ! soprani/s 0 n a musician ( ta/e4#ie ,mr4 ,eb]s tells u t aft] mak+ ! t\r ( ! pr9cipal ,italian & ,g]man !atres1 ,velluti arriv$ 9 ,p>is1 :]e ! musical ta/e 0 n prep>$ = him1 & t1 ,ross9i be+ at ?is "t engag$ at ,p>is "u 8 agreem5t to direct !re1 ,velluti did n ent] into 8 plans1 & hav+ made no engagem5t !re1 came ov] to ,engl& )\t any invitation1 b /rongly recomm5d$ by ,"l ,burgh]%4 ,! re-appe>ance ( a musico 9 ,london :5 ! race 0 ?\ght to be ext9ct1 caus$ a great s5sation1 & n altoge!r ( an agreeable k9d4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,op]a 0 cr[d$ ! night ( 8 db2 to ! old amateurs x recall$ ! days ( ,pac*i]otti1 to ! "y ones1 x 0 simply a /range & unexpect$ novelty4 ,"s are said to h come to ! !atre expressly to oppose him1 :ile o!rs 7 !re = ! av[$ purpose ( support+ him1 f a feel+ t public op9ion _h dealt h>%ly ) ! un=tunate man4 ,velluti _h already sung at conc]ts1 :]e 8 reception 0 by no means fav\rable4 ,inde$1 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe tells u t ! scurril\s abuse lavi%$ ^u him be=e he 0 he>d1 0 cruel & illib]al1 & t x 0 n till aft] long delib]ation1 mu* p]suasion1 & assurances ( support t ! manag] v5tur$ to engage him = ! rema9d] ( ! season4 ,sid5ote3 ,,velluti4 ,velluti's demean\r on ent]+ ! /age 0 highly prepossess+4 ,mr4 ,eb]s says t x 0 at once graceful & dignifi$1 & t he 0 9 look & action ! son ( *ivalry he repres5t$4 ,he adds1 t 8 appe>ance 0 receiv$ ) m+l$ applause & disapprobation2 b t ! scanty symptoms ( ! latt] 7 in/antly ov]:elm$4 ,! effect produc$ on ! audi5ce by ! fir/ notes ,velluti utt]$ 0 mo/ peculi>4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,eb]s1 !re 0 a some?+ ( a pret]natural h>%ness ab\t !m1 :i* j>r$ ev5 m /rongly on ! imag9ation ?an on ! e>2 ?\gh1 z he proce$$1 ! sweetness & flexibility ( ^? ( 8 tones :i* yet rema9$ unimpair$ by "t1 7 fully p]ceiv$ & felt4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe in=ms u1 t ! fir/ note he utt]$ gave a %ock ( surprise1 almo/ ( disgu/1 to inexp]i5c$ e>s2 ?\gh1 aft]w>ds1 8 p]=mance 0 li/5$ to ) great att5tion & applause ?r\gh\t1 ) b few audible expressions ( disapprobation spe$ily suppress$4 ,! g5]al effect ( 8 p]=mance is summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ words3--,to ! old he br\ght back "s pleas+ recollections2 o!rs1 to :om 8 voice 0 new1 became reconcil$ to x1 & s5sible ( 8 m]its2 :il/ _m decl>$1 to ! la/1 8 tones gave !m m pa9 ?an pleasure4 ,h[ev]1 he drew cr[d$ audi5ces1 & no op]a b ,mey]be]'s ,crociato 0 p]=m$ until ! end ( ! season4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"s ye>s aft] ! production ( ,il ,crociato1 ,mey]be] _h writt5 an opra comique1 entitl$ ,rob]t le ,diable1 :i* 0 to h be5 repres5t$ at ! ,v5tad\r ,!atre1 specially devot$ to t k9d ( p]=mance4 ,! company1 h[ev]1 at ! ,?tre de l',op]a ,comique1 0 n f\nd compet5t to execute ! difficult music ( ,rob]t1 & ! int]e/+ libretto by ,m4 ,m4 ,scribe & ,delavigne1 0 alt]$ & r$uc$1 s z to suit ! ,acadmie4 ,! celebrat$ prun+ knife 0 br\ght out1 & vigor\sly appli$4 ,:at rema9$ ( ! dialogue 0 adapt$ = recitative1 & ! "* ( ,raimbaud 0 cut out 9 ! f\r? & fif? acts4 ,) all ^! suppressions1 ! op]a1 z newly arrang$1 to be recit$ or sung f beg9n+ to end1 0 /ill v long1 & n p>ticul>ly intelligible4 ,h[ev]1 ! leg5d on :i* ,rob]t le ,diable is f\nd$ is well suit$ = musical illu/ration1 & ! plot1 ) a little att5tion & a c>eful /udy ( ! book1 may be und]/ood1 9 spite ( ! abs5ce ( ,raimbaud1 :o1 9 ! orig9al piece1 is said to h s]v$ mat]ially to aid & expla9 ! progress ( ! drama4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rob]t ,,le ,,diable4 ,if ,rob]t le ,diable _h be5 produc$ at ! ,opra ,comique1 9 ! =m 9 :i* x 0 orig9ally conceiv$1 ! _m po9ts ( resemblance x pres5ts to ,d] ,freis*tz w\ld h /ruck e "o4 ,mey]be] seems to h det]m9$ to write a romantic semi-fanta/ic leg5d>y op]a1 l ,d] ,freis*tz1 &1 9 do+ s1 naturally foll[$ 9 ! foot/eps ( ,web]4 ,he c]ta9ly treats ^! leg5d>y subjects ) p>ticul> felicity1 & ,i fancy !re is m spontaneity 9 ! music ( ,rob]t le ,diable1 & ,d9orah1 ?an 9 any o!r t he has compos$2 b ?is does n alt] ! fact t su* subjects 7 fir/ treat$ 9 music1 & 9 a ?or\ghly cong5ial mann]1 by ,k>l ,m>ia von ,web]4 ,)\t consid]+ h[ f> ,mey]be]1 9 ,rob]t le ,diable1 has borr[$ 8 in/rum5tation & h>monic comb9ations f ,web]1 !re c be no d\bt ab\t its be+ a "w ( mu* ! same class z ,d] ,freis*tz2 & x w\ld h be5 look$ ^u z q ( t class1 _h x be5 produc$1 l ,d] ,freis*tz1 ) spok5 dialogue1 & ) ! popul> *>act]s m 9 relief4 ,rob]t le ,diable1 conv]t$ into a gr& op]a1 0 produc$ at ! ,acadmie1 on ! #ba/ ( ,novemb]1 #ahca4 ,dr4 ,vron1 9 8 ,mmoires d'un ,b\rgeois de ,p>is1 has giv5 a mo/ int]e/+ acc\nt ( all ! circum/ances :i* att5d$ ! rehe>sals & fir/ repres5tation ( ?is celebrat$ "w4 ,dr4 ,vron _h j und]tak5 ! managem5t ( ! ,acadmie2 & to h su* an op]a z ,rob]t le ,diable1 ) :i* to m>k ! comm5cem5t ( 8 reign1 0 a piece ( r>e good =tune4 ,! libretto1 ! music1 ! ballet1 7 all full ( int]e/1 & _m ( ! airs _h ! advantage 79 ,p>is7 ( be+ some:at 9 ! ,fr5* /yle4 ,! applause ) :i* ?is1 ! be/ con/ruct$ ( all ,m4 ,mey]be]'s works1 0 receiv$1 w5t on increas+ f act to act2 &1 altoge!r1 ! success x obta9$ 0 imm5se1 &1 9 "s respects1 unprec$5t$4 ,n\rrit play$ ! "p ( ,rob]t1 ,madame ,c9ti ,damoreau t ( ,isabelle4 ,mademoiselle ,dorus & ,levasseur 7 ! ,alice & ! ,b]tram4 ,9 ! pas de c9q ( ! second act1 ,noblet1 ,montessu1 & ,p]rot appe>$2 & 9 ! nuns' sc5e1 ! troop ( resuscitat$ virg9s 0 l$ by ! graceful & s$uctive ,taglioni4 ,all ! sc5]y 0 admirably pa9t$1 especially t ( ! moonlight tableau 9 ! ?ird act4 ,! co/umes 7 ri* & brilliant1 ! mise en scne1 g5]ally1 0 rem>kable = its complet5ess2 9 %ort1 e "o connect$ ) ! gett+ up ( ! op]a f ,hab5eck1 ! musical conductor1 to ! prop]ty-m51 gas-fitt]s & c>p5t]s1 ^: names hi/ory has n pres]v$1 did _! utmo/ to ensure its success4 ,9 #ahcb1 ,rob]t le ,diable 0 br\ght out at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ) ! pr9cipal p>ts su/a9$1 z 9 ,p>is1 by ,n\rrit1 ,levasseur1 & ,madame ,damoreau4 ,! "p ( ,alice appe>s to h be5 giv5 to ,mademoiselle de ,mric4 ,?is op]a met ) no success at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 & 0 sc>cely bett] receiv$ at ,cov5t ,g>d51 :]e an ,engli% v]sion 0 p]=m$1 ) su* alt]ations 9 ,mey]be]'s music z w easily be conceiv$ by ^? :o rememb] h[ ! works ( ,ross9i1 &1 inde$1 all =eign compos]s1 7 treat$ at ?is "t1 on ! ,engli% /age4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rob]t ,,le ,,diable4 ,9 #ahcb1 &1 inde$1 _m ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 ,rob]t & ,les ,hugu5ots _h be5 effici5tly repres5t$ 9 ,london by ,g]man companies1 ,mey]be]'s music 0 /ill mo/ sev]ely h&l$ by "s ( our be/ musical critics4 ,at pres5t !re is p]haps an incl9ation to g to ! o!r extreme2 b1 at all ev5ts1 full ju/ice has n[ be5 r5d]$ to ,m4 ,mey]be]'s musical g5ius4 ,let u he> :at ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe 7^: op9ion ,i d n reg>d z "o ( au?ority1 b only z an int]e/+ index to t ( ! connoisseurs ( ! old s*ool71 has to say ( ! fir/1 &1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ celebrat$ ( ,mey]be]'s op]as4 ,he ent]ta9s ! greate/ admiration = ,don ,giovanni1 ,fidelio1 ,d] ,freis*tz1 & ,euryan!2 b nei!r ! subject1 nor ev5 ! music ( ,rob]t le ,diable1 pleases him 9 ! lea/4 ,nev]1 he says1 did ,i see a m disagreeable or disgu/+ p]=mance4 ,! sight ( ! resurrection ( a :ole conv5t ( nuns1 :o rise f _! graves1 & beg9 danc+1 l s _m bac*ants1 is revolt+2 & a sacr$ s]vice 9 a *ur*1 accompani$ by an organ on ! /age1 n v decor\s4 ,nei!r does ! music ( ,mey]be] comp5sate = a fable1 :i* is a tissue ( nons5se & improbability4 ,( c\rse1 ,i 0 n tempt$ to he> x aga9 9 its orig9al =m1 & x did cr$it to ! ta/e ( ! ,engli% public1 t x 0 n endur$ at ! ,op]a ,h\se1 & 0 act$ only a v few nights4 ,mey]be]'s second gr& op]a1 ,les ,hugu5ots1 0 produc$ at ! ,acadmie ,royale on ! #bf? ( ,janu>y1 #ahcf1 aft] tw5ty-eight full rehe>sals1 occasion+ a delay :i* co/ ! compos] a f9e ( ?irty ?\s& francs4 ,! exp5se ( gett+ up ! ,hugu5ots 79 sc5]y1 dresses1 prop]ties1 c471 am\nt$ to "o hundr$ & sixty ?\s& francs4 ,sid5ote3 ,,les ,,hugu5ots4 ,9 ,london1 & ,i believe ev]y:]e on ! cont95t except 9 ,p>is1 ! mo/ popul> ( ,m4 ,mey]be]'s ?ree gr& op]as is ,les ,hugu5ots4 ,at ! ,acadmie1 ,rob]t le ,diable seems /ill to c>ry away ! palm4 ,( late ye>s1 ! admirable p]=mance ( ,m>io & ,grisi1 & ( ,titi5s & ,giugl9i1 9 ! duet ( ! f\r? act1 has _h an imm5se effect 9 increas+ ! popul>ity ( ,les ,hugu5ots ) ! ,engli%4 ,?is duet1 ! septett = male voices1 ! bless+ ( ! dagg]s & ! :ole ( ! dramatic & animat$ sc5e ( :i* x =ms "p1 are c]ta9ly magnific5t compositions2 b ! duet = ,ra\l & ,val5t9e is ! v s\l ( ! "w4 ,at ! !atres ( ,italy1 ! op]a 9 "q is g5]ally cut ) a free h&2 & x is s long1 t ev5 aft] pl5tiful excisions an imm5se deal ( music1 & ( f9e music1 /ill rema9s4 ,b :o w\ld g to he> ,les ,hugu5ots1 if ! duet ( ! f\r? act 7 omitt$1 or if ! p]=mance /opp$ at ! end ( act ,,iii48 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! f\r? act alone w\ld always attract an audi5ce2 =1 look$ ^u z a "w by itself1 x is by f> ! mo/ dramatic1 ! mo/ mov+ ( all ,m4 ,mey]be]'s compositions4 ,! con/ruction ( ?is act is mo/ cr$itable to ! libretti/2 :ile ! compos]1 9 fill+ up1 & giv+ musical life to ! libretti/'s design1 has %[n ! v highe/ g5ius4 ,x ends ) a sc5e = two p]sonages1 b ! :ole act is ( "o piece4 ,:ile ! dagg]s are be+ di/ribut$1 :ile ! plans ( ! *ief ag5ts 9 ! massacre are be+ develop$ 9 s /rik+ & =cible a mann]1 ! sc5e betwe5 ! al>m$ ,ra\l & ! t]rifi$ ,val5t9e is1 ?r\gh\t1 anticipat$2 & equally necess>y = ! success ( ! duet1 f a musical z well z f a dramatic po9t ( view1 is ! massive conc]t$ piece by :i* ?is duet is prec$$4 ,to a compos]1 incapable or less capable ?an ,m4 ,mey]be]1 ( turn+ to advantage ! admirable b difficult situation "h pres5t$1 !re w\ld1 ( c\rse1 h be5 ! risk ( an anti-climax2 !re 0 ! dang] t1 aft] a /ageful ( fanatical soldi]s & monks1 cry+ out at ! top ( _! voices = blood1 x w\ld be impossible fur!r to impress ! audi5ce by any kn[n musical means4 ,mey]be]1 h[ev]1 has _h rec\rse to ! expression ( an entirely diff]5t k9d ( emotion1 or r a s]ies ( emotions1 full ( admirable v>iations & gradations2 & ev]yone :o has he>d ! great duet ( ,les ,hugu5ots kn[s h[ wond]fully he has succe$$4 ,x has be5 said t ! idea ( ?is sc5e orig9at$ ) ,n\rrit4 ,9 any case1 x 0 an idea :i* ,scribe lo/ no "t 9 pr(it+ by1 & ! "q does n 9 any way affect ! transc5d5t m]it ( ! compos]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,le ,prophte1 ,m4 ,mey]be]'s ?ird gr& op]a1 0 produc$ at ! ,acadmie on ! #af? ( ,april1 #ahdi1 ) ,rog]1 ,vi>dot-,g>cia1 & ,ca/ellan1 9 ! pr9cipal *>act]s4 ,?is op]a1 l ,les ,hugu5ots1 has be5 p]=m$ ) great success 9 ,london4 ,! "p ( ,jean has giv5 ! two great t5ors ( ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a--,m>io & ,tamb]lik--opportunities ( display+ _m ( _! highe/ qualities z dramatic s+]s4 ,! magnific5t ,cov5t ,g>d5 or*e/ra a*ieves a triumph q ( its own1 9 ! gr& m>* ( ! coronation sc5e2 & ! op]a enables ! managem5t to display all its imm5se res\rces 9 ! sc5ic dep>tm5t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,gu/ave ,,iii4 ,9 pass+ f ,masaniello to ,ross9i's ,guillaume ,tell1 & f ,ross9i to ,mey]be]1 we h lo/ sight too soon ( ! greate/ compos] ,france ev] produc$1 & "o :o is rank$ 9 all c\ntries among ! fir/ compos]s ( ! c5tury4 ,i mean1 ( c\rse1 ,m4 ,aub]1 ( ^: works ,i %\ld h m to say1 if ,i _h n det]m9$1 9 ?is brief ,hi/ory ( ! ,op]a to pay b little att5tion to ! ,fr5* ,opra ,comique1 :i*1 ) ! exception ( a v few examples 7all by ,m4 ,aub]7#if is n a g5re t has be5 accept$ any:]e out ( ,france4 ,9 sket*+1 h[ev]1 ! hi/ory ( ! ,gr& ,op]a1 x w\ld be impossible to omit ,gu/ave ,,iii4 ,gu/ave ou le ,bal ,masqu1 compos$ on "o ( ! two librettos return$ to ,m4 ,scribe by ,ross9i1#ig 0 p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t on ! #bg? ( ,febru>y1 #ahcc4 ,?is admirable "w is n ne>ly s well kn[n 9 ,engl&1 or ev5 9 ,france1 z x des]ves to be4 ,! gov]nm5t ( ,l\is ,philippe seems to h ?\ght x imprud5t to famili>ize ! ,p>isians ) regicide1 by exhibit+ x to !m ?ree or f\r times a week on ! /age1 z ! ma9 incid5t ( a v int]e/+ drama2 & aft] a c]ta9 numb] ( repres5tations1 ,gu/ave1 :i*1 tak5 altoge!r1 is c]ta9ly ,aub]'s ma/]piece1 0 cut d[n to ! ball-sc5e4 ,9 ,engl&1 no "o object$ to ! !atrical assass9ation ( ,gu/avus2 b un=tunately1 also1 no scruple 0 made ab\t mutilat+ & murd]+ ,aub]'s music4 ,9 %ort1 ! ,gu/avus ( ,aub] 0 f> m cruelly ill-treat$ 9 ,london ?an ! ,gu/avus ( ,sw$5 at 8 own masqu$ ball4 ,mr4 ,gye ought to produce ,gu/avus at ! ,royal ,italian ,op]a1 :]e1 = ! fir/ "t 9 ,engl&1 x w\ld be wor?ily repres5t$4 ,! frequ5t]s ( ?is !atre h long be5 expect+ x1 ?\gh ,i am n aw>e t x has ev] be5 (ficially promis$4 ,! orig9al ca/e ( ,gu/ave includ$ ,n\rrit1 ,levasseur1 ,massol1 ,dabadie1 ,dupont1 ,mademoiselle ,falcon1 ,mademoiselle ,dorus1 & ,madame ,dabadie4 ,n\rrit1 ! orig9al ,guillaume ,tell1 ! orig9al ,rob]t1 ! orig9al ,ra\l1 ! orig9al ,gu/ave1 0 !n at ! height ( 8 fame2 b he 0 de/9$ to be *all5g$ f\r ye>s aft]w>ds by a v =midable rival4 ,he 0 ! fir/1 & ! only fir/ t5or at ! ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 :]e he _h be5 s++ ) a zeal & ard\r equal to 8 g5ius = ! la/ sixte5 ye>s1 :5 ! managem5t engag$ ,duprez1 to divide ! pr9cipal p>ts ) ! vocali/ already 9 (fice4 ,aft] 8 long s]ies ( triumphs1 ,n\rrit _h no idea ( %>+ 8 laurels 9 ?is mann]2 nor 0 he at all sure t he 0 n ab\t to be depriv$ ( !m altoge!r4 ,"o ( ! two mu/ succe$ at ! exp5se ( ! o!r1 he decl>$2 & kn[+ ! attraction ( novelty = ! public1 he 0 n at all sure t ! un=tunate "o w\ld n be himself4 ,duprez kn[s me1 he said1 & comes to s+ :]e ,i am4 ,i d n "k him1 & naturally fe> 8 approa*4 ,aft] ?9k+ ov] ! matt] = a few days he resolv$ to leave ! !atre4 ,he *ose = 8 la/ appe>ance ! second act ( ,armide1 9 :i* ,r5aud1 ! "* assign$ to ! t5or1 has to exclaim to ! w>rior1 ,artemidore-- ,allez1 allez remplir ma place1 ,aux lieux d'o mon malheur me *asse1 c4 ,to :i* ,artemidore replies-- ,sans v\s que peut on entrepr5dre8 ,celui qui v\s bannit ne p\rra se df5dre ,de s\hait] votre ret\r4 ,sid5ote3 ,,n\rrit4 ,! sc5e 0 v appropriate to ! position ( ! s+] :o 0 ab\t to be succe$$ by ,duprez4 ,! public felt ?is equally ) ,n\rrit himself1 & te/ifi$ _! sympa?y = ! dep>t+ ,r5aud1 by ! mo/ en?usia/ic applause4 ,n\rrit took 8 f>ewell ( ! ,fr5* public on ! #a/ ( ,april1 #ahcg1 & on ! #ag? ( ! same mon? ,duprez made 8 db at ! ,acadmie1 z ,arnold1 9 ,william ,tell4 ,! latt] s+] _h already appe>$ at ! ,comdie ,franaise1 :]e1 at ! age ( fifte51 he 0 entru/$ ) ! soprano solos 9 ! *oruses ( ,a?alie1 & aft]w>ds at ! ,odon1 :]e he play$ ! p>ts ( ,almaviva1 9 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 & ,ottavio1 9 ,don ,juan4 ,he !n visit$ ,italy = a %ort "t1 return$ to ,p>is1 & 0 engag$ at ! ,opra ,comique4 ,"h 8 /yle 0 mu* admir$1 b 8 s++1 on ! :ole1 produc$ no great impression on ! public4 ,he once m cross$ ! ,alps1 /udi$ assidu\sly1 p]=m$ at v>i\s !atres 9 a great numb] ( op]as1 & by incessant practice1 & ?anks also to ! wond]ful effect ( ! climate on 8 voice1 atta9$ ! highe/ position on ! ,italian /age1 & 0 ! fav\rite t5or ( ,italy at a "t :5 ,rub9i 0 s++ e summ] 9 ,london1 & e w9t] 9 ,p>is4 ,be=e visit+ ,italy ! second "t1 ,duprez 0 a light t5or1 & 0 p>ticul>ly rem>kable = ! agility ( 8 execution4 ,a long resid5ce 9 a s\!rn climate appe>s to h q *ang$ ! nature ( 8 voice2 a trans=mation1 h[ev]1 :i* mu/ h be5 consid]ably aid$ by ! nature ( 8 /udies4 ,he return$ to ,france a t5ore robu/o1 an impressive1 en]getic s+]1 excell+ 9 ! declamatory /yle1 & 9 _m respects ! greate/ dramatic vocali/ ! ,fr5* _h ev] he>d4 ,z an actor1 h[ev]1 he 0 n equal to ,n\rrit1 ^: demean\r z an op]atic h]o is said to h be5 p]fection4 ,guillaume ,tell1 ) ,duprez1 9 ! "p ( ,arnold1 comm5c$ a new c>e]1 & ,ross9i's great "w n[ obta9$ f ! g5]al public t applause :i*1 on its fir/ production1 x _h1 = ! mo/ "p1 receiv$ only f connoisseurs4 ,sid5ote3 ,,n\rrit4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 ,n\rrit1 aft] p]=m+ ) great success at ,m>seilles1 ,t\l\se1 ,lyons1 & else:]e1 w5t to ,italy1 & 0 engag$ fir/ at ,milan1 & aft]w>ds at ,flor5ce & ,naples4 ,at ea* city fre% triumphs await$ him1 b an incid5t occurr$ at ,naples :i* sorely tr\bl$ ! equanimity ( ! fail+ s+]1 ^: m9d1 z we h se51 _h already be5 di/urb$ by pa9ful pres5tim5ts4 ,n\rrit1 to be sure1 0 only fail+ 9 ?is s5se1 t he 0 los+ confid5ce 9 8 own p[]s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 by all acc\nts1 rema9$ undim9i%$ to ! la/4 ,he 0 a well-educat$ & a highly accompli%$ man1 & besides be+ an excell5t musician1 possess$ consid]able lit]>y tal5t1 & a ?or\gh k ( dramatic effect4#ih ,he _h prep>$ two librettos1 9 :i* ! "p adapt$ = ! t5or w\ld s]ve to exhibit 8 d\ble tal5t z an actor & z a s+]4 ,"o ( ^! musical dramas 0 f\nd$ on ,corneille's ,polyeucte1 &1 9 ! h&s ( ,donizetti1 became ,i ,m>tiri2 b j :5 x 0 ab\t to be produc$1 ! ,neapolitan c5sor%ip =bade its production on ! gr\nd ( ! unfitness ( religi\s subjects = /age repres5tation4 ,n\rrit 0 mu* deject$ at be+ ?us prev5t$ f appe>+ 9 a "p compos$ specially = him at 8 own sugge/ion1 & 9 :i* he felt sure he w\ld be se5 & he>d to ! greate/ advantage4 ,a deep melan*oly1 su* z he _h already suff]$ f at ,m>seilles1 to an ext5t :i* al>m$ all 8 fri5ds1 n[ settl$ ^u him4 ,he appe>$1 & 0 greatly applaud$1 9 ,m]cadante's ,il ,giuram5to1 & 9 ,bell9i's ,norma1 b soon aft]w>ds 8 despond5cy 0 increas$1 & assum$ an irritat$ =m1 f a notion t ! applause ! ,neapolitans be/[$ ^u him 0 ironical4 ,no?+ c\ld alt] 8 conviction on ?is po9t1 :i* at la/ _h ! effect ( completely unsettl+ 8 m9d--unless x be m correct to say t m5tal d]angem5t 0 itself ! cause ( ! unhappy delusion4 ,f9ally1 aft] a p]=mance giv5 = ! b5efit ( ano!r s+]1 9 :i* ,n\rrit took "p1 8 malady increas$ to su* an ext5t t on 8 return home he became deliri\s1 ?rew himself out ( a w9d[1 at five 9 ! morn+1 & 0 pick$ up 9 ! /reet q dead4 ,?is deplorable ev5t occurr$ on ! #h? ( ,m>*1 #ahhi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! late ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 ! ,?atre ,itali5 ( ,p>is1 & all ! *ief op]a h\ses ( ,italy are connect$ insep>ably ) ! hi/ory ( ,op]a 9 ,engl&4 ,all ! great works writt5 by ,ross9i & ,mey]be] = ! ,acadmie h s9ce be5 repres5t$ 9 ,london2 ! same s+]s = ne>ly half a c5tury pa/ h = ! mo/ "p sung alt]nately at ! ,italian op]as ( ,p>is & ( ,london2 f9ally1 f ,italy we h drawn ! great majority ( ! works repres5t$ at our be/ musical !atres1 & ne>ly all our f9e/ s+]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,g]man ,,op]a4 ,g]man op]a1 9 ! mean:ile1 /&s 9 a c]ta9 way ap>t4 ,g]many1 comp>$ ) ,italy1 has s5t u v few great s+]s4 ,we h nev] look$ to ,g]many = a con/ant supply ( op]as1 &1 inde$1 ,g]many has n produc$ altoge!r half a doz5 ?or\ghly ,g]man op]as 7t is to say1 f\nd$ on ,g]man libretti1 & writt5 = ,g]man s+]s & ,g]man audi5ces71 :i* h ev] become naturaliz$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 or1 inde$1 any:]e out ( _! native l&4 ,moreov]1 ! mo/ celebrat$ ( ! said ?or\ghly ,g]man op]as1 su* z ,fidelio & ,d] ,freis*tz1 ex]cis$ no su* influ5ce on contempor>y dramatic music z to give _! compos]s a well-m>k$ place 9 ! op]atic hi/ory ( ! pres5t c5tury1 su* z cle>ly belongs to ,ross9i4 ,bee?ov51 ) 8 "o great ma/]piece1 /&s q alone1 & 9 ! same way1 ,web]1 ) 8 /rongly m>k$ individuality has no?+ 9 common ) 8 contempor>ies2 &1 liv+ at ! same "t z ,ross9i1 nei!r affect$1 nor 0 affect$1 by ! /yle ( a compos] ^: influ5ce all ! compos]s ( ! ,italian s*ool exp]i5c$4 ,accord+ly1 & t ,i may n entangle too mu* ! ?reads ( my n>rative1 ,i w n[1 hav+ foll[$ ,ross9i to ,p>is1 & giv5 "s acc\nt ( 8 successors at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 proce$ to speak ( ,donizetti & ,bell9i1 :o 7 foll[]s ( ,ross9i 9 e s5se4 ,( ,web] & ,bee?ov51 :o are n 9 any way associat$ ) ! ,ross9i s*ool1 & only ?r\gh ! accid5t ( bir? ) ! ,ross9i p]iod1 ,i mu/ speak 9 a lat] *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,donizetti ,,& ,,bell9i4 ,sigismondi1 ! libr>ian ( ! ,neapolitan ,cons]vatory1 _h a horror ( ,ross9i's music1 & took c>e t all 8 pr9t$ works 9 ! libr>y %\ld be plac$ beyond ! rea* ( ! "y & innoc5t pupils4 ,he 0 det]m9$ to pres]ve !m1 z f> z possible1 f ! corrupt b s$uctive influ5ce ( ?is compos]'s brilliant1 extravagant1 m]etrici\s /yle4 ,b ,donizetti1 :o at ?is "t 0 /udy+ at ,naples1 _h he>d sev]al ( ! proscrib$ op]as1 & 0 mo/ anxi\s to exam9e1 on ! music pap]1 ! causes ( ! effects :i* _h s delight$ 8 e> at ! !atre4 ,! desir$ scores 7 on ! highe/ %elf ( ! libr>y2 & ! c>eful1 consci5ti\s libr>ian _h remov$ ! ladd] by means ( :i* alone x seem$ possible to get to !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,donizetti ,,& ,,ross9i4 ,donizetti /ood wat*+ ! %elves :i* held ! op]as ( ,ross9i l a cat be=e a bird cage2 b ! ladd] 0 lock$ up1 & ! key 9 safe keep+ 9 ,sigismondi's pocket4 ,"u a nor!rn climate1 ! prop] mode ( action = ,donizetti w\ld h be5 to invite ! jailor to a banquet1 ply him ) w9e1 & rob him ( 8 keys z soon z he _h rea*$ a suffici5tly advanc$ /ate ( intoxication4 ,be+ 9 ,italy1 ,donizetti %\ld h made love to ,sigismondi's daught]1 & p]suad$ h] to /eal ! keys f ! old man dur+ 8 mid-day sie/a4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ,sigismondi 0 *ildless1 or 8 family may h consi/$ only ( sons2 9 any case1 ! "y musician adopt$ nei!r ( ! s*emes1 by comb9+ :i* ! tr\bad\r ,blondel 0 enabl$ to release f captivity 8 ador$ ,ri*>d4#ii ,he resort$ to a means :i*1 if n wond]fully +5i\s1 0 at lea/ to ! po9t1 & :i* promis$ to be successful4 ,he climb$1 monkey-l1 or cat-l1 n to ab&on our =m] simile1 to ! top %elf1 & _h 8 claws on ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 :5 :o %\ld ent] ! libr>y b ,sigismondi4 ,! old man 0 fairly %ock$ at ?is p]v]sity on ! "p ( ,gaetan ,donizetti1 reput$ ! be/ behav$ /ud5t ( ! ,academy4 ,8 morals w\ld be corrupt$1 8 "y blood poison$6--b =tunately ! libr>ian _h arriv$ 9 "t1 & he might yet be sav$4 ,donizetti sprang to ! gr\nd ) 8 prey--! full score ( ! ,b>b] ( ,seville--9 8 clut*es4 ,he 0 ab\t to dev\r x1 :5 a h& t\*$ him on ! %\ld]3 he turn$ r\nd1 & be=e him /ood ! au/]e ,sigismondi4 ,! old libr>ian spoke to ,gaetan z to a son2 appeal$ to 8 s5se ( propriety1 8 hon\r1 8 consci5ce2 & ask$ him1 almo/ ) te>s 9 8 eyes1 h[ he c\ld s f> =get himself z to come secretly into ! libr>y to read =bidd5 books--& ,ross9i's above all8 ,he po9t$ out ! t]rible effects ( ! c\rse ^u :i* ! y\?ful ,donizetti _h s ne>ly ent]$2 rem9d$ him t "o brass in/rum5t l$ to ano!r2 & t :5 once he _h giv5 himself up to viol5t or*e/ration1 !re 0 no say+ :]e he w\ld /op4 ,sid5ote3 ,,donizetti ,,& ,,ross9i4 ,donizetti c\ld n or w\ld n argue ) ! v5]able & det]m9$ ,sigismondi4 ,at lea/1 he did n oppose him2 b he inquir$ :e!r1 z a lesson 9 cacophony1 x 0 n wor? :ile j to look at ,ross9i's notori\s productions4 ,he rem9d$ 8 /]n advis]1 t he _h already /udi$ good models "u ,may]1 ,pilotti1 & ,mattei1 & t x 0 natural he %\ld n[ wi% to complete 8 musical education1 by le>n+ :at to avoid4 ,he quot$ ! well kn[n case ( ! ,sp>tans & _! ,helots2 inquir$1 ) "s emotion1 :e!r ! frightful example ( ,ross9i 0 n suffici5t to det] any well mean+ compos]1 ) a little /r5g? ( "*1 f foll[+ 9 8 unholy pa?2 & f9ally decl>$1 ) undisguis$ indignation1 t ,ross9i ought to be made ! object ( a s]i\s /udy1 s t once = all 8 musical iniquities might be expos$ & 8 "n r5d]$ a bye-^w among ! lov]s & cultivators ( pure1 unsophi/icat$ art6 ,come to my arms1 ,gaetano1 cri$ ,sigismondi1 mu* mov$4 ,i c refuse no?+ to a "y man l y1 n[ t ,i "k y\r excell5t int5tions4 ,a musician1 :o is imbu$ ) ! true pr9ciples ( 8 art1 may look ^u ! picture ( ,ross9i's depravity n only )\t dang]1 b ) positive advantage4 ,"s x might weak5 & de/roy2--y x c only =tify & uphold4 ,let u op5 ^! mon/r\s scores2 _! buffoon]ies may amuse u = an h\r4 ,il ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia6 ,i h n mu* to say ab\t t1 comm5c$ ,sigismondi4 ,x is a trifle2 besides1 full ju/ice 0 done to x at ,rome4 ,! notion ( re-sett+ "o ( ! ma/]-pieces ( ! great ,paisiello1--:at audacity6 ,no wond] x 0 hiss$6 ,"u ,paisiello's direction1 sugge/$ ,donizetti4 ,all a calumny1 my "y fri5d2 pure calumny1 ,i c assure y4 ,!re are s _m ,don ,basilios 9 ! musical _w6 ,ross9i's music 0 hiss$ because x 0 bad & because x recall$ to ! public ,paisiello's1 :i* 0 good4 ,b ,i h he>d1 rejo9$ ,donizetti1 t at ! second repres5tation !re 0 a great deal ( applause1 & t ! en?usiasm ( ! audi5ce at la/ rea*$ su* a po9t1 t !y hon\r$ ,ross9i ) a tor*-light procession & conduct$ him home 9 triumph4 ,an inv5tion ( ! newspap]s1 repli$ ,sigismondi2 ,i believe !re 0 a c]ta9 clique pres5t prep>$ to support ! compos] ?r\gh ev]y?+1 b ! public _h already express$ its op9ion4 ,nev] m9d ?is musical burlesque1 & let u take a glance at "o ( ,ross9i's s]i\s op]as4 ,donizetti wi%$ = no?+ bett]4 ,?is "t he _h no occasion to scale ! %elf 9 8 =m] fel9e /yle4 ,! libr>ian produc$ ! key ( ! my/]i\s closet 9 :i* ! ladd] 0 kept4 ,! "y musician ran up to ! ,ross9i %elf l a lamp-light] & br\ght d[n ) him n "o b half-a-doz5 volumes4 ,too _m1 too _m1 said ,sigismondi1 "o w\ld h be5 q en\gh4 ,well1 let u op5 ,otello4 ,9 ! score :i* ! old & "y musician propos$ to exam9e toge!r1 ! ?ree trombone p>ts1 accord+ to ! ,italian cu/om1 7 writt5 on "o & ! same /aff1 ?us #a1 #b1 #c tromboni4 ,sigismondi began 8 lecture on ! enormities ( ,ross9i z display$ 9 ,otello by read+ ! li/ ( ! in/rum5ts employ$4 ,flutes1 two flutes2 well !re is n mu* h>m 9 t4 ,no "o w he> !m2 only1 ) diabolical p]fidy1 "o ( ^! mod]n fluti/s w be sure to take a piccolo & pi]ce all s5sitive e>s ) 8 %rill :i/l+4 ,hautboys1 two hautboys2 also good4 ,"h ,ross9i foll[s ! old s*ool4 ,i say no?+ aga9/ 8 two hautboys2 inde$1 ,i q approve ( !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,donizetti ,,& ,,ross9i4 ,cl>ionets6 a b>b>\s inv5tion1 :i* ! ,t$es*i might h kept !m = !mselves4 ,!y may be v good pipes = call+ c[s1 b %\ld be us$ = no?+ else4 ,bassoons2 useless in/rum5ts1 or ne>ly s4 ,our good ma/]s employ$ !m = /r5g!n+ ! bass2 b n[ ! bassoon has acquir$ su* importance1 t solos are writt5 = x4 ,?is is also a ,g]man innovation4 ,moz>t w\ld h done well to h left ! bassoon 9 its orig9al obscurity4 #a/ & #bnd ,horns2 v good4 ,horns & hautboys comb9e admirably4 ,i say no?+ aga9/ ,ross9i's horns4 #crd & #d? ,horns6 ,h[ _m horns does ! man want8 ,quattro ,corni1 ,corpo di ,bacco6 ,! greate/ ( our compos]s h always be5 cont5t$ ) two4 ,%ades ( ,p]golese1 ( ,leo1 ( ,jomelli6 ,h[ !y mu/ %udd] at ! b>e m5tion ( su* a ?+4 ,f\r horns6 ,are we at a hunt+ p>ty8 ,f\r horns6 ,en\gh to bl[ u to p]dition4 ,! indignation & rage ( ! old musician w5t on increas+ z he foll[$ ! gradual developm5t ( a cresc5do until he arriv$ at ! explosion ( ! =tissimo4 ,!n ,sigismondi utt]$ a cry ( despair1 /ruck ! score viol5tly ) 8 fi/1 upset ! table :i* ! imprud5t ,donizetti _h load$ ) ! nef>i\s productions ( ,ross9i1 rais$ 8 h&s to heav5 & ru%$ f ! room1 exclaim+1 a hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree trombones6 ,a hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree trombones6 ,donizetti foll[$ ! p]=m] & endeav\r$ to expla9 ! mi/ake4 ,n #abc trombones1 b #a/1 #bnd1 #crd trombones1 he g5tly obs]v$4 ,sigismondi h[ev]1 w\ld n he> ano!r ^w1 & disappe>$ f ! libr>y cry+ a hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree trombones1 to ! la/4 ,donizetti came back1 lift$ up ! table1 plac$ ! scores ^u x & exam9$ !m 9 peace4 ,he !n1 9 8 turn1 conceal$ !m s t he might be able ano!r "t to f9d !m :5ev] he pleas$ )\t clamb]+ up walls or intrigu+ to get possession ( ladd]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,anna ,,bol5a4 ,! inquir+ /ud5t ( ! ,cons]vatory ( ,naples 0 born1 9 #agih1 at ,b]gamo1 & :5 he 0 sev5te5 ye>s ( age 0 put to /udy "u ,may]1 :o1 be=e ! appe>ance ( ,ross9i1 %>$ ) ,pa] ! hon\r ( be+ ! mo/ popul> compos] ( ! day4 ,8 fir/ op]a ,enrico di ,borgogna 0 produc$ at ,v5ice 9 #ahah1 & obta9$ s mu* success t ! compos] 0 entru/$ ) ano!r commission = ! same city 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,aft] writ+ an op]a = ,mantua 9 #ahai ,il ,falegname di ,livonia1 ,donizetti visit$ ,rome1 :]e 8 ,zoraide di ,granata procur$ him an exemption f ! conscription & ! hon\r ( be+ c>ri$ 9 triumph & cr[n$ at ! ,capitol4 ,hi!rto he may be said to h ow$ 8 success *iefly to 8 skilful imitation ( ,ross9i's /yle1 & x 0 n until #ahcj1 :5 ,anna ,bol5a 0 produc$ at ,milan 7& :51 curi\sly en\gh1 ,ross9i _h j writt5 8 la/ op]a71 t he exhibit$ any /rik+ signs ( orig9al tal5t4 ,?is "w1 :i* is g5]ally reg>d$ z ,donizetti's ma/]-piece1 or at lea/ 0 "s "t ago 7= ( late ye>s no "o has _h an opportunity ( he>+ x71 0 compos$ = ,pa/a & ,rub9i1 & 0 fir/ repres5t$ = ,pa/a's b5efit 9 #ahca4 ,x 0 9 ?is op]a t ,labla*e ga9$ 8 fir/ great triumph 9 ,london4 ,donizetti visit$ ,p>is 9 #ahce1 & !re produc$ 8 ,m>9o ,fali]o1 :i* conta9s sev]al spirit$ & *>act]i/ic pieces1 su* z ! op5+ *orus ( workm5 9 ! ,ars5al & ! gondoli] *orus at ! comm5cem5t ( ! second act4 ,! *>m+ ,elisir d',amore1 ! mo/ graceful1 melodi\s1 moreov] ! mo/ *>act]i/ic1 & 9 _m respects ! be/ ( all ,donizetti's works1 0 writt5 = ,milan 9 #ahcb4 ,9 ?is "w ,signor ,m>io made 8 re-appe>ance at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is 9 #ahci2 he _h previ\sly sung = "s "t at ! ,acadmie ,royale 9 ,rob]t & o!r op]as4 ,lucia di ,lamm]moor1 ,donizetti's mo/ popul> op]a1 conta9+ "s ( ! mo/ beautiful melodies 9 ! s5tim5tal /yle t he has compos$1 & altoge!r 8 be/ f9ale1 0 produc$ at ,naples 9 #ahce4 ,! "p ( ,edg>do 0 compos$ specially = ,duprez1 t ( ,lucia = ,p]siani4 ,! pretty little op]a or op]etta entitl$ ,il ,campanello di ,notte 0 writt5 "u v int]e/+ circum/ances to save a little ,neapolitan !atre f ru94 ,donizetti he>d t ! e/abli%m5t 0 9 a fail+ condition1 & t ! p]=m]s 7 )\t money & 9 great di/ress4 ,he s\ght !m out1 suppli$ _! imm$iate wants1 & "o ( ! s+]s happ5+ to say t if ,donizetti w\ld give !m a new op]a1 _! =tunes w\ld be made3 ,z to t1 repli$ ! ,mae/ro1 y %all h "o )9 a week4 ,to beg9 )1 a libretto 0 necess>y1 b none 0 to be _h4 ,! compos]1 h[ev]1 possess$ consid]able lit]>y tal5t1 & recollect+ a vaudeville :i* he _h se5 "s ye>s be=e 9 ,p>is1 call$ ,la ,sonnette de ,nuit1 he took t = 8 subject1 re-arrang$ x 9 an op]atic =m1 & 9 n9e days ! libretto 0 writt51 ! music compos$1 ! p>ts le>nt1 ! op]a p]=m$1 & ! !atre sav$4 ,x w\ld h be5 difficult to h giv5 a great] pro( ( g5]osity1 & ( f]tility & v]satility ( tal5t4 ,i may "h m5tion t ,donizetti design$1 & wrote ! words1 z well z ! music ( ! la/ act ( ! ,lucia2 t ! la/ act ( ,la ,favorite 0 also an aft]?\ght ( 82 & t he himself translat$ into ,italian ! libretti ( ,betly & ,la ,fille du ,regim5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,victor ,,hugo ,,at ,,! ,,op]a4 ,:5 ,lucrezia ,borgia 7writt5 = ,milan 9 #ahcd7 0 produc$ 9 ,p>is1 9 #ahdj1 ,victor ,hugo1 ! au?or ( ! admirable trag$y on :i* x is f\nd$1 conte/$ ! "r ( ! ,italian libretti/s1 to borr[ _! plots f ,fr5* dramas2 ma9ta9+ t ! repres5tation ( su* libretti 9 ,france con/itut$ an infr+em5t ( ! ,fr5* dramati/s' droits d'auteur4 ,he ga9$ 8 action1 & ,lucrezia ,borgia became1 at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is1 ,la ,r9egata1 ! ,italians at ! c\rt ( ,pope ,alex&] ! ,six? be+ metamorphos$ into ,turks4 ,a ,fr5* v]sion ( ,lucrezia ,borgia 0 prep>$ = ! prov9ces1 & entitl$ ,nizza di ,gr5ada4 ,sid5ote3 ,,au?ors' ,,rights4 ,a ye> or two aft]w>ds1 ,v]di's ,h]nani exp]i5c$ ! same fate at ! ,?tre ,itali5 z ,lucrezia ,borgia4 ,!n ! orig9al au?ors ( ,la ,pie ,voleuse1 ,la ,grace de ,dieu1 c41 foll[$ ,victor ,hugo's example1 & object$ to ! p]=mance ( ,la ,gazza ,ladra & ,l9da di ,*am\ni1 c4 ,f9ally1 an arrangem5t 0 made1 & at pres5t exi/s1 by :i* ,italian op]as f\nd$ on ,fr5* dramas may be p]=m$ 9 ,p>is on condition ( an indemnity be+ paid to ! ,fr5* dramati/s4 ,m>soli]1 ! au?or ( ! ,opra ,comique1 entitl$ ,n9a1 ou la ,folle p> ,am\r1 set to music by ,dalayrac1 _h appli$ = an injunction tw5ty-?ree ye>s be=e1 to prev5t ! repres5tation ( ,paisiello's ,n9a1 9 ,p>is2 b ! ,italian disappe>$ be=e ! "q 0 tri$4 ,! pr9ciple1 h[ev]1 ( an au?or's "r ( prop]ty 9 a "w1 or any portion ( a "w1 _h be5 e/abli%$ ne>ly two c5turies be=e4 ,9 a privilege grant$ to ,/4 ,amant 9 #afec1 = ! publication ( 8 ,moise ,sauv1 x is expressly =bidd5 to extract f t epic poem subjects = novels & plays4 ,^! cautions prov$ unnecess>y1 z ! "w s /rictly protect$ conta9$ no available mat]ials = plays1 novels1 or any o!r species ( lit]>y composition1 includ+ ev5 epic poems2 b ,moise ,sauv has nev]!less be5 ! salvation ( sev]al ,fr5* au?ors ^: prop]ty might o!rwise h be5 trespass$ ^u to a consid]able ext5t4 ,nev]!less1 ! pr9ciple ( an au?or's sole1 inali5able int]e/ 9 ! incid5ts he may h inv5t$ or comb9$1 )\t ref]5ce to ! new =m 9 :i* !y may be pres5t$1 _c1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 be ent]ta9$ any:]e2 b ! sy/em ( au?or's rights s en]getically f\ght = & conqu]$ by ,beaum>*ais has a v wide application 9 ,france1 & only ! o!r day x 0 decid$ t ! translators & arrang]s ( ,le ,nozze di ,fig>o1 = ! ,?tre ,lyrique mu/ %>e _! receipts ) ! desc5dants & heirs ( ! au?or ( ,le ,m>iage de ,fig>o4 ,x w appe> mon/r\s to _m p]sons 9 ,engl& :o _c conceive ( prop]ty o!rwise ?an ( a mat]ial1 palpable k9d1 t ,beaum>*ais's repres5tatives %\ld enjoy any int]e/ 9 a "w produc$ ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury ago2 b z 8 lit]>y productions possess an actual1 easily atta9able value1 x w\ld be difficult to say :o ought to pr(it by x1 if n ^? :o1 "u any sy/em ( laws1 w\ld b5efit by :atev] o!r possessions he might h left4 ,x may be a slight advantage to society1 9 an almo/ inappreciable degree1 t au?or's rights %\ld cease aft] a c]ta9 p]iod2 b1 if s1 ! same pr9ciple ought to be appli$ to o!r =ms ( creat$ value4 ,! case 0 well put by ,m4 de ,vigny1 9 ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 9 advocat+ ! claims ( a gr&-daught]1 or great gr&-daught] ( ,s$a9e4 ,he po9t$ out1 t if ! dramati/ 9 "q1 :o 0 orig9ally an ar*itect1 _h built a palace1 & x _h la/$ until ! pres5t day1 no "o w\ld h d5i$ t x desc5d$ naturally to 8 heirs2 & t z1 in/ead ( build+ 9 /one1 he devot$ himself to ! con/ruction ( op]as & plays1 ! results ( 8 tal5t & indu/ry ought equally to be reg>d$ z ! inali5able prop]ty ( 8 desc5dants4 ,sid5ote3 ,,la ,,favorite4 ,b to return to ,lucrezia ,borgia1 :i*1 ) ,lucia & ,la ,favorite1 may be rank$ among/ ! mo/ successful ( ,donizetti's productions4 ,! fav\r ) :i* ,lucrezia is receiv$ by audi5ces ( all k9ds may be expla9$1 9 addition to ! m]it ( mu* ( ! music1 by ! mann] 9 :i* ! pr9cipal p>ts are di/ribut$1 s t ! ca/1 to be effici5t1 mu/ always include f\r lead+ s+]s1 ea* ( :om has be5 well-provid$ = by ! compos]4 ,x conta9s less recitative ?an any ( ,ross9i's op]as--a great advantage1 f a popul> po9t ( view1 x hav+ be5 %[n by exp]i5ce t ! public ( ! pres5t day d n c>e = recitative 7especially :5 !y d n und]/& a ^w ( x71 b l to pass z quickly z possible f "o musical piece to ano!r4 ,f an arti/ic po9t ( view ! %ortness ( ,donizetti's recitatives is n at all to be regrett$1 = ! simple reason t he has nev] writt5 any at all comp>able to ^? ( ,ross9i1 ^: dramatic g5ius he 0 f> f possess+4 ,! mo/ /rik+ situation 9 ! drama1 a ?or\ghly musical situation ( :i* a great compos]1 or ev5 an en]getic1 passionate1 melo-dramatic compos]1 l ,v]di1 w\ld h made a great deal1 is q lo/ 9 ! h&s ( ,donizetti4 ,! ,br9disi is und5iably pretty1 & 0 nev] consid]$ vulg> until x _h be5 vulg>is$4 ,b ,donizetti has %[n no dramatic p[] 9 ! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! pr9cipal sc5e1 & ! mann] 9 :i* ! dr9k+ song is int]rupt$ by ! fun]al *orus1 has r a disagreeable1 ?an a t]rible or a solemn effect4 ,! f9ale to ! fir/ act1 or prologue1 is f9ely treat$1 b ,g5n>o's dy+ sc5e & song1 is ! mo/ dramatic portion ( ! "w1 :i* x ought to t]m9ate1 b un=tunately does n4 ,i ?9k x might be %[n t ,lucrezia m>ks ! di/ance ab\t half way betwe5 ! /yle ( ,ross9i & t ( ,v]di4 ,n t x is s mu* inf]ior to ! works ( ! =m]1 or s mu* sup]ior to ^? ( ! latt]2 b t among ,donizetti's lat] op]as1 portions ( ,m>ia di ,rohan 7,vi5na1 #ahdc71 might almo/ h be5 writt5 by ! compos] ( ,rigoletto2 :]eas1 ! resemblance = good or = bad1 betwe5 ^! two musicians1 ( ! decad5ce1 is n ne>ly s rem>kable1 if we comp>e ,lucrezia ,borgia ) "o ( ,v]di's works4 ,/ill1 9 ,lucrezia we already notice t b little space is accord$ to recitative1 :i* 9 ! ,trovatore f9ds next to none2 we meet ) *oruses writt5 9 ! mann] aft]w>ds adopt$ by ,v]di1 & p]si/$ 9 by him to ! exclusion ( all o!r modes2 :ile z reg>ds melody1 we %\ld c]ta9ly r class ! t5or's air 9 ,i ,lomb>di ) t 9 ,lucrezia ,borgia1 ?an ! latt] ) any air ev] compos$ by ,ross9i4 ,:5 ,donizetti revisit$ ,p>is 9 #ahdj1 he produc$ 9 succession ,i ,m>tiri 7! "w writt5 = ,n\rrit & object$ to by ! ,neapolitan c5sor%ip71 ,la ,fille du ,regim5t1 writt5 = ! ,opra ,comique1 & ,la ,favorite1 compos$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance = ! ,?tre de la ,r5aissance1 b re-arrang$ = ! ,acadmie1 :5 ! brief exi/5ce ( ! ,?tre de la ,r5aissance _h come to an end4 ,z long z x la/$1 ?is e/abli%m5t1 op5$ = ! repres5tation ( =eign op]as 9 ! ,fr5* language1 ow$ its pass+ prosp]ity entirely to a ,fr5* v]sion ( ! ,lucia4 ,j5ny ,l9d1 ,sontag1 ,alboni1 h all appe>$ 9 ,la ,figlia del ,reggim5to ) great success2 b :5 ?is "w 0 fir/ produc$ 9 ,p>is1 ) ,madame ,?illon 9 ! pr9cipal "p1 x 0 n receiv$ ) any rem>kable fav\r4 ,x is full ( smoo?1 melodi\s1 & highly animat$ music1 b is1 p]haps1 want+ 9 t piquancy ( :i* ! ,fr5* are su* great admir]s1 & :i* r5d]$ ! duet = ! viv&ires1 9 ,mey]be]'s ,etoile du ,nord1 s mu* to _! ta/e4 ,l',ange de ,nigida1 conv]t$ into ,la ,favorite 7& f\nd$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance on a ,fr5* drama1 ,le ,comte de ,comm+ues7 0 br\ght out at ! ,acadmie1 )\t any exp5se 9 sc5]y & gett+ up1 & a*iev$ a decid$ success4 ,?is 0 ow+ p>tly to ! pretty *oral airs at ! comm5cem5t1 p>tly to ! b>itone's cavat9a 7admirably sung by ,b>roilhet1 :o made 8 db 9 ! "p ( ,alphonse72 b1 above all1 to ! f\r? act1 ) its beautiful melody = ! t5or1 & its highly dramatic sc5e = ! t5or & soprano1 includ+ a f9al duet1 :i*1 if n ess5tially dramatic 9 itself1 occurs at lea/ 9 a mo/ dramatic situation4 ,! :ole ( ! f\r? act ( ,la ,favorite1 except ! cavat9a1 ,ange si pur1 :i* orig9ally belong$ to ! ,duc d',albe1 & ! &ante ( ! duet1 :i* 0 add$ at ! rehe>sals1 0 writt5 9 ?ree h\rs4 ,donizetti _h be5 d9+ at ! h\se ( a fri5d1 :o 0 engag$ 9 ! ev5+ to g to a p>ty4 ,on leav+ ! h\se1 ! ho/1 aft] _m apologies = abs5t+ himself1 intreat$ ,donizetti to rema91 & f9i% 8 c(fee1 :i* ,donizetti1 be+ inord9ately fond ( t /imulant1 took c>e to d4 ,he ask$ at ! same "t = "s music pap]1 began 8 f\r? act1 & f9d+ himself 9 ! ve9 = composition1 w5t on writ+ until he _h complet$ x4 ,he _h j put ! f9al /roke to ! celebrat$ ,vi5s dans une autre patrie1 :5 8 fri5d return$1 at "o 9 ! morn+1 & congratulat$ him on ! excell5t mann] 9 :i* he _h employ$ 8 "t4 ,sid5ote3 ,l',,elisir ,d',,amore4 ,aft] visit+ ,rome1 ,milan1 & ,vi5na1 = :i* la/ city he wrote ,l9da di ,*am\ni1 ,donizetti return$ to ,p>is1 & 9 #ahdc compos$ ,don ,pasquale = ! ,?tre ,itali51 & ,don ,seba/i5 = ! ,acadmie4 ,! lugubri\s drama to :i* ! music ( ,don ,seba/i5 is w$d$1 prov$ fatal to its success4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! brilliant gaiety ( ,don ,pasquale1 r5d]$ d\bly attractive by ! admirable execution ( ,grisi1 ,m>io1 ,tambur9i1 & ,labla*e1 delight$ all :o he>d x4 ,! pure musical beauty ( ! s]5ade1 & ( ! qu>tett1 "o ( ! f9e/ pieces ( conc]t$ music ,donizetti ev] wrote1 7 ev5 m admir$ ?an ! lively animat$ dialogue-sc5es1 :i* are 9 ,donizetti's v be/ /yle2 & ! two pieces j specifi$1 z well z ! b>itone's cavat9a1 ,bella siccome un angelo1 aid$ ! g5]al success ( ! "w1 n only by _! own intr9sic m]it1 b also by ! contra/ !y pres5t to ! comic conv]sational music1 & ! buffo airs ( ! bass4 ,! music ( ,don ,pasquale is probably ! clev]e/ ,donizetti ev] wrote2 b x wants ! *>m :i* belongs to t ( 8 ,elisir d',amore1 ar\nd :i* a c]ta9 s5tim5t1 a c]ta9 atmosph]e ( ru/ic poetry seems to hang1 especially :5 we are li/5+ to ! music ( ,nemor9o or ,nor9a4 ,ev5 ! comic portions 9 ! ,elisir are full ( grace1 z = in/ance1 ! admirable duet betwe5 ,nor9a & ,dulcam>a2 & ! :ole "w possesses :at is call$ col\r1 t is to say1 ea* "* is well pa9t$ by ! music1 :i*1 moreov]1 is always appropriate to ! g5]al sc5e4 ,to look = col\r1 or = any k9d ( poetry 9 a mod]n draw+-room piece ( intrigue1 l ,don ,pasquale1 ) ! not>ies ( real life1 & ) lov]s 9 black coats1 w\ld be absurd4 ,i may m5tion t ! libretto ( ,don ,pasquale is a re-arrangem5t ( ,pavesi's ,s] ,m>cantonio 70 ,s] ,m>cantonio an ,engli%man87 produc$ 9 #ahac4 ,sid5ote3 ,,donizetti',s ,,rep]toire4 ,9 ! same ye> t ,donizetti br\ght out ,don ,pasquale 9 ,p>is1 he produc$ ,m>ia di ,rohan at ,vi5na4 ,! latt] "w conta9s an admirable "p = ! b>itone1 :i* has giv5 ,ronconi ! opportunity ( %[+ t he is n only an excell5t buffo1 b is also "o ( ! f9e/ tragic actors on ! /age4 ,! music ( ,m>ia di ,rohan is highly dramatic3 t is to say1 v appropriate to ! v>i\s p]sonages1 & to ! great situations ( ! piece4 ,9 p\rtray+ ! rage ( ! jeal\s husb&1 ! compos] exhibits all t e>ne/ness & vig\r = :i* ,v]di has s9ce be5 prais$--some:at sp>+ly1 x is true1 b prais$ nev]!less by 8 admir]s4 ,! contralto "p1 on ! o!r h&1 is treat$ ) rem>kable elegance1 & conta9s m graceful melodies ?an ,v]di is 9 ! habit ( compos+4 ,i d n say t ,donizetti is 9 all respects sup]ior to ,v]di2 inde$1 x seems to me t he has n produc$ any "o op]a s ?or\ghly dramatic z ,rigoletto2 b z ,donizetti & ,v]di are sometimes contra/$1 & z x 0 ! fa%ion dur+ ,donizetti's lifetime1 to speak ( 8 music z light & frivol\s1 ,i wi% to rem>k t 9 "o ( 8 late/ op]as he wrote sev]al sc5es1 :i*1 if writt5 by ,v]di1 w\ld be said to be 9 t compos]'s be/ /yle4 ,donizetti's la/ op]a1 ,cat>9a ,com>o1 0 produc$ 9 ,naples 9 ! ye> #ahdd4 ,?is 0 8 sixty-?ird dramatic "w1 c\nt+ ^? only :i* h be5 repres5t$4 ,!re are /ill two op]as ( ,donizetti's 9 exi/5ce1 :i* ! public h n he>d4 ,"o1 a piece 9 "o act1 compos$ = ! ,opra ,comique1 & :i* is said e n[ & !n to be on ! po9t ( be+ p]=m$2 ! o!r1 ,le ,duc d',albe1 :i*1 z be=e-m5tion$1 0 writt5 = ! ,acadmie ,royale1 on "o ( ! two libretti return$ by ,ross9i to ,scribe1 aft] ! compos] ( ,william ,tell came to 8 my/]i\s resolution ( retir+ f op]atic life4 ,( ,donizetti's sixty-?ree op]as1 ab\t two-?irds are q unkn[n to ,engl&1 & ( ! n9e or t5 :i* may /ill be said to keep ! /age1 ! e>lie/ produc$1 ,anna ,bol5a1 is ! compos]'s ?irty-second "w4 ,anna ,bol5a1 ,l',elisir d',amore1 ,lucrezia ,borgia1 ,lucia di ,lamm]moor1 & ,rob]to ,dev]eux1 are includ$ betwe5 ! numb]s #ca & #eb1 :ile betwe5 ! numb]s #ec & #fb1 ,la ,fille du ,regim5t1 ,la ,favorite1 ,l9da di ,*am\ni1 ,don ,pasquale1 & ,m>ia di ,rohan1 are f\nd4 ,! fir/ five ( ,donizetti's mo/ popul> op]as1 7 produc$ betwe5 ! ye>s #ahcj & #ahdj2 ! la/ five betwe5 ! ye>s #ahdj & #ahdd4 ,donizetti appe>s1 !n1 to h produc$ 8 be/ s]i\s op]as dur+ ! middle p]iod ( 8 c>e]--unless x be consid]$ t ,la ,favorite1 ,l9da di ,*am\ni1 & ,m>ia di ,rohan1 are sup]ior to ,anna ,bol5a1 ,lucrezia ,borgia1 & ,lucia di ,lamm]moor2 & to ! same epo* belongs ,l',elisir d',amore1 :i* 9 my op9ion is ! fre%e/1 mo/ graceful1 & mo/ melodi\s ( 8 comic op]as1 ?\gh "s may pref] ,la ,fille du ,regim5t or ,don ,pasquale1 bo? full ( _s & animation4 ,x is also tol]ably cle>1 f an exam9ation ( ,donizetti's works 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 produc$1 t dur+ ! la/ f\r or five ye>s ( 8 arti/ic life he produc$ m ?an 8 av]age numb] ( op]as1 possess+ su* m]it t !y h tak5 _! place 9 ! rep]toires ( ! pr9cipal op]a h\ses ( ,europe4 ,donizetti _h lo/ no?+ ei!r 9 f]tility or 9 p[]1 :ile he appe>$ 9 "s respects to be modify+ & improv+ 8 /yle4 ,?us1 9 ! ,swiss op]a ( ,l9da di ,*am\ni 7,vi5na1 #ahdb71 we f9d1 especially 9 ! music ( ! contralto "p1 a consid]able am\nt ( local col\r--an important dramatic elem5t :i* ,donizetti _h previ\sly ov]look$1 or1 at lea/1 _h n turn$ to any acc\nt2 :ile ,m>ia di ,rohan conta9s ! be/ dramatic music ( a passionate k9d t ,donizetti has ev] writt54 ,sid5ote3 ,,donizetti',s ,,dea?4 ,9 compos+1 ,donizetti made no use ( ! pian(orte1 & wrote1 z may be imag9$1 ) great rapidity1 nev] /opp+ to make a correction1 ?\gh he is celebrat$ among ! mod]n ,italian compos]s = ! accuracy ( 8 /yle4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 he nev] w5t to "w )\t hav+ a small ivory scrap] by 8 side2 & any "o :o has /udi$ intellectual peculi>ities w und]/&1 t once want+ ?is in/rum5t1 he might h felt x necess>y to scrat* out notes & passages e m9ute4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,wrey ,m\ld1 9 8 int]e/+ memoir1 tells u t ?is ivory scrap] 0 giv5 to ,donizetti by 8 fa!r :5 he cons5t$1 aft] a long & /r5u\s opposition1 to 8 becom+ a musician4 ,an unfilial son might h look$ ^u ! pres5t z n convey+ ! highe/ possible complim5t t c\ld be paid him4 ,! old g5tleman1 h[ev]1 0 q "r 9 impress+ ^u ! be>] ( 8 "n1 t hav+ once resolv$ to be a compos]1 he _h bett] make up 8 m9d to produce z little rubbi% z possible4 ,! fir/ signs ( ! dreadful malady to :i* ,donizetti ultimately succumb$1 manife/$ !mselves dur+ 8 la/ visit to ,p>is1 9 #ahde4 ,fits ( abs5ce ( m9d1 foll[$ by halluc9ations & all ! symptoms ( m5tal d]angem5t foll[$ "o ano!r rapidly1 & ) increas+ int5sity4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #ahdf1 x 0 f\nd necess>y to place ! un=tunate compos] 9 an asylum at ,ivry1 & 9 ! autumn ( #ahdg1 8 m$ical advis]s recomm5d$ z a f9al exp]im5t1 t he %\ld be remov$ to ,b]gamo1 9 ! hope t ! air & sc5es ( 8 bir?-place w\ld h a fav\rable influ5ce 9 dispell+1 or1 at lea/1 dim9i%+ ! pr(\nd melan*oly to :i* he 0 n[ subject4 ,dur+ 8 j\rney1 h[ev]1 he 0 attack$ by p>alysis1 & 8 illness assum$ a desp]ate & incurable "*4 ,donizetti 0 receiv$ at ,b]gamo by ! ,mae/ro ,dolci1 "o ( 8 de>e/ fri5ds4 ,"h p>alysis aga9 attack$ him1 & a few days aft]w>ds1 on ! #h? ( ,april1 #ahdh1 he expir$1 9 8 fifty-second ye>1 hav+1 dur+ ! tw5ty-sev5 ye>s ( 8 life1 z a compos]1 writt5 sixty-f\r op]as2 sev]al masses & vesp] s]vices2 & innum]able pieces ( *amb] music1 includ+1 besides arias1 cavat9as1 & vocal conc]t$ pieces1 a doz5 qu>tetts = /r+$ in/rum5ts1 a s]ies ( songs & duets1 entitl$ ,les soires du ,pausilippe1 a cantata entitl$ la ,morte d',ugol9o1 c41 c4 ,anto9e1 ,donizetti's att5dant at ,ivry1 became mu* atta*$ to him1 & foll[$ him to ,b]gamo1 :5ce he =w>d$ to ,m4 ,adolphe ,adam1 a lett] describ+ 8 illu/ri\s pati5t's la/ mom5ts1 & ! public hon\rs paid to 8 memory at ! fun]al4 ,sid5ote3 ,,donizetti',s ,,dea?4 ,m ?an f\r ?\s& p]sons1 he relates1 7 pres5t at ! c]emony4 ,! procession 0 compos$ ( ! num]\s cl]gy ( ,b]gamo2 ! mo/ illu/ri\s memb]s ( ! community & its environs1 & ( ! civic gu>d ( ! t[n & suburbs4 ,! dis*>ges ( musketry1 m+l$ ) ! light ( ?ree or f\r hundr$ l>ge tor*es1 pres5t$ a f9e effect--! :ole 0 enhanc$ by ! pres5ce ( ?ree milit>y b&s1 & ! mo/ propiti\s wea!r x 0 possible to behold4 ,! s]vice comm5c$ at t5 o'clock 9 ! morn+1 & did n conclude until half-pa/ two4 ,! "y g5tlem5 ( ,b]gamo insi/$ on be>+ ! rema9s ( _! illu/ri\s fell[-citiz51 al?\gh ! cemet]y 9 :i* !y f9ally re/$ lay at a di/ance ( a league-&-a-half f ! t[n4 ,! road !re 0 cr[d$ along its :ole l5g? by p :o came f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry to witness ! procession--&1 to give due praise to ! inhabitants ( ,b]gamo1 nev]1 hi!rto1 _h su* great hon\rs be5 be/[$ ^u any memb] ( t city4 99 99 99 99 99 ,bell9i1 :o 0 ,donizetti's contempor>y1 b :o 0 born n9e ye>s aft] him1 & di$ ?irte5 ye>s be=e1 0 a native ( ,sicily4 ,8 fa!r 0 an organi/ at ,catania1 & "u him ! future compos] ( ,norma & ,la ,sonnambula1 took 8 fir/ lessons 9 music4 ,a ,sicilian nobleman1 /ruck by ! signs ( g5ius :i* "y ,bell9i ev9c$ at an e>ly age1 p]suad$ 8 fa!r to s5d him to ,naples1 support+ 8 argum5ts ) an (f] to pay 8 exp5ses at ! celebrat$ ,cons]vatorio4 ,"h "o ( ,bell9i's fell[ pupils 0 ,m]cadante1 ! future compos] ( ,il ,giuram5to1 an op]a :i*1 9 spite ( ! frequ5t attempts ( ! ,italian s+]s to famili>ize ! ,engli% public ) its num]\s beauties1 has nev] be5 mu* lik$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,i d n say t x has n be5 ju/ly appreciat$ on ! :ole1 b t ! grace ( "s ( ! melodies1 ! ackn[l$g$ m]it ( ! or*e/ration & ! elegance & di/9ction :i* seem to me to *>act]ize ! compos]'s /yle g5]ally1 h n be5 accept$ z comp5sat+ = 8 want ( passion & ( t spontaneity )\t :i* ! expression ( /rong emotion ( any k9d is naturally impossible4 ,m]cadante c\ld nev] h writt5 ,rigoletto1 b1 probably1 a compos] ( inf]ior natural gifts to ,v]di might1 ) a ta/e = /udy & a det]m9ation to br+ 8 tal5t to p]fection1 h produc$ a "w ( equal arti/ic m]it to ,il ,giuram5to4 ,& "h we mu/ take leave ( ,m]cadante1 ^: place 9 ! hi/ory ( ! op]a is n a consid]able "o1 & :o1 to ! majority ( ,engli% amateurs1 is kn[n only by 8 ,bella adorata1 a melody ( :i* ,v]di has %[n 8 e/imation by borr[+ x1 dilut+ x1 & re-arrang+ x ) a new accompanim5t = ! t5or's song 9 ,luisa ,mill]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rub9i4 ,i %\ld ?9k ,m]cadante mu/ h writt5 bett] ex]cises1 & pass$ bett] exam9ations at ! ,cons]vatorio ?an 8 "y fri5d ,bell9i1 ?\gh ! latt] mu/ h begun at an e>li] age to compose op]as4 ,bell9i's fir/ dramatic "w 0 writt5 & p]=m$ :ile he 0 /ill a /ud5t4 ,enc\rag$ by its success1 he next compos$ music to a libretto already set by ,g5]ali1 & entitl$ ,adelson e ,salv9o4 ,adelson 0 repres5t$ be=e ! illu/ri\s ,b>baja1 :o 0 at t "t manag] ( ! two mo/ celebrat$ !atres 9 ,italy1 ! ,/4 ,c>lo at ,naples1 & ,la ,scala at ,milan1--z well z ( ! ,italian op]a at ,vi5na1 to say no?+ ( "s small] op]atic e/abli%m5ts also "u 8 rule4 ,! great impres>io1 /ruck by ,bell9i's promise1 commission$ him to write an op]a = ,naples1 &1 9 #ahbf1 8 ,bianca e ,f]n&o 0 produc$ at ! ,/4 ,c>lo4 ,?is "w 0 s f> successful1 t x obta9$ a consid]able am\nt ( applause f ! public1 :ile x inspir$ ,b>baja ) s mu* confid5ce t he entru/$ ! "y compos]1 n[ tw5ty ye>s ( age1 ) ! libretto ( il ,pirata1 to be compos$ = ,la ,scala4 ,! t5or "p 0 writt5 specially = ,rub9i1 :o retir$ into ! c\ntry ) ,bell9i1 & /udi$1 z !y 7 produc$1 ! simple1 t\*+ airs :i* he aft]w>ds deliv]$ on ! /age ) su* admirable expression4 ,il ,pirata 0 receiv$ ) en?usiasm by ! audi5ces ( ,la ,scala1 & ! compos] 0 reque/$ to write ano!r "w = ! same !atre4 ,la ,/rani]a 0 br\ght out at ,milan 9 #ahbh1 ! pr9cipal p>ts be+ entru/$ to ,donzelli1 ,tambur9i1 & ,madame ,tosi4 ,?is1 ,bell9i's ?ird "w1 appe>s1 on ! :ole1 to h ma9ta9$1 b sc>cely to h advanc$1 8 reputation4 ,nev]!less1 :5 x 0 repres5t$ 9 ,london soon aft] its orig9al production1 x 0 by no means s fav\rably receiv$ z ,il ,pirato _h be54 ,bell9i's ,zaira1 execut$ at ,p>ma1 9 #ahbi1 0 a failure--soon1 h[ev]1 to be r$eem$ by 8 fif? "w1 ,il ,capuletti ed i ,montec*i1 :i* 0 writt5 = ,v5ice1 & 0 receiv$ ) all possible expressions ( approbation4 ,9 ,london1 ! new op]atic v]sion ( ,romeo & ,juliet 0 n p>ticul>ly admir$1 & ow$ :at success x obta9$ entirely to ! act+ & s++ ( ,madame ,pa/a 9 ! pr9cipal "p4 ,x may be m5tion$ t ! libretto ( ,bell9i's ,i ,montec*i _h already s]v$ 8 ma/]1 ,z+>elli1 = 8 op]a ( ,romeo e ,julietta4 ,sid5ote3 ,,la ,,sonnambula4 ,! "t _h n[ arriv$ at :i* ,bell9i 0 to produce 8 ma/]-pieces1 ,la ,sonnambula & ,norma2 ! =m] ( :i* 0 writt5 = ,la ,scala1 9 #ahca1 ! latt]1 = ! same !atre1 9 ! ye> foll[+4 ,! success ( ,la ,sonnambula has be5 great ev]y:]e1 b n[h]e s great z 9 ,engl&1 :]e x has be5 p]=m$ 9 ,engli% & 9 ,italian1 (t5] ?an any o!r two or p]haps ?ree op]as1 :ile probably no songs1 c]ta9ly no songs by a =eign compos]1 7 ev] sold 9 su* l>ge numb]s z ,all is lo/ & ,d n m+le4 ,! libretto ( ,la ,sonnambula1 by ,romani1 is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & t\*+1 & "o ( ! be/ suit$ = musical illu/ration 9 ! :ole rp]toire ( libretti4 ,to ! late ,m4 ,scribe1 belongs ! m]it ( hav+ inv5t$ ! *>m+ /ory on :i* ,romani's & ,bell9i's op]a is f\nd$2 & x is wor?y ( rem>k t he _h already pres5t$ x 9 two diff]5t dramatic =ms be=e any "o 0 /ruck ) its capabilities = musical treatm5t4 ,a ?or\ghly1 ess5tially1 dramatic /ory c be pres5t$ on ! /age 9 any & e =m2 ) music1 ) dialogue1 or ) no?+ b dumb action4 ,tri$ by ?is te/1 ! plots ( a great numb] ( m]ely well writt5 com$ies w\ld prove wor?less2 & s 9 sub/ance !y are4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! vaudeville ( ,la ,somnambula1 became1 z re-arrang$ by ,m4 ,scribe1 ! ballet ( ,la ,somnambule1 7"o ( ! prettie/1 by ! way1 f a *oregraphic po9t ( view ev] produc$72 :i*1 9 ! h&s ( ,romani1 became ! libretto ( an op]a2 :i* aga91 vulg>ly treat$1 has be5 made into a burlesque2 &1 l(tily treat$1 might be *ang$ 7,i w n say elevat$1 = ! op]atic =m is poetical en\gh71 into a trag$y4 ,! beauties ( ,la ,sonnambula1 s full ( pure melody & ( emotional music1 ( ! mo/ simple & t\*+ k9d1 c be appreciat$ by e "o2 by ! mo/ le>n$ musician & ! mo/ untutor$ amateur1 or r let u say by any play-go]1 :o1 n hav+ be5 born deaf to ! voice ( music1 he>s an op]a = ! fir/ "t 9 8 life4 ,x 0 giv51 h[ev]1 to an ,engli% critic1 to li/5 to ?is op]a1 z natural & z unmi/akably beautiful z a b$ ( wild fl[]s1 ?r\gh a special e>-trumpet ( 8 own2 & 9 numb] #aig ( ! mo/ widely-circulat$ ( our lit]>y j\rnals1 ! foll[+ rem>ks on ,la ,sonnambula appe>$4 ,) ! exception ( "o or two pretty motivi1 exquisitely giv5 by ,pa/a & ,rub9i1 ! music is sometimes sc>cely on a level ) t ( ,il ,pirata1 & (t5 s9ks bel[ x2 !re is a g5]al ?9ness & want ( effect 9 ! in/rum5tation n calculat$ to make u ov]look ! o!r defects ( ?is composition1 :i*1 9 our humble judgm5t1 are comp5sat$ by no r$eem+ beauties4 ,bell9i has so>$ too high2 !re is no?+ ( gr&eur1 no t\* ( true pa?os 9 ! common place work+s ( 8 m9d4 ,he _c rea* ! ,op]a semi-s]ia2 he %\ld conf9e 8 p[]s to ! l[e/ walk ( ! musical drama1 ! "o act ,op]a buffa4 ,equally ill f>$ ,norma at ! h&s ( ano!r musical critic to ^: rem9isc5ces ,i h (t5 _h to ref]1 b :o tells u t he did n he> ! "w 9 "q himself4 ,he speaks ( x simply z a production ( :i* ! sc5e is laid 9 ,wales1 & adds t x 0 n lik$4 ,yet ,norma has be5 a good deal lik$ s9ce its fir/ production at ,milan1 n[ ne>ly ?irty ye>s ago2 & f ,madame ,pa/a's fir/ to ,madame ,grisi's la/ appe>ance 9 ! pr9cipal "p1 no great s+] ) any pret5sion to tragic p[] has consid]$ h] claims fully recognis$ until %e has succe$$ 9 ! "p ( ! ,druid prie/ess4 ,sid5ote3 ,i ,,puritani4 ,beatrice di ,t5da1 ,bell9i's next op]a aft] ,norma1 _c be reckon$ among 8 be/ works4 ,x 0 writt5 = ,v5ice1 9 #ahcc1 & 0 p]=m$ 9 ,engl& = ! fir/ "t1 9 #ahcf4 ,x met ) no v great success 9 ,italy or else:]e4 ,9 #ahcd1 ,bell9i w5t to ,p>is1 hav+ be5 reque/$ to write an op]a = ! excell5t ,?tre ,itali5 ( t capital4 ,! company at ! p]iod 9 "q1 includ$ ,grisi1 ,rub9i1 ,tambur9i & ,labla*e1 all ( :om 7 provid$ ) p>ts 9 ! new "w4 ,i ,puritani1 0 play$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ,london1 = ,grisi's b5efit1 9 #ahce1 & ) precisely ! same di/ribution ( *>act]s z 9 ,p>is4 ,! ,puritani ,season is /ill rememb]$ by old habitus1 z "o ( ! mo/ brilliant ( ^! latt] days4 ,rub9i's romance 9 ! fir/ act ,a te o c>a1 ,grisi's ,polonaise1 ,son v]g9 vezzosa & ! gr& duet = ,tambur9i & ,labla*e1 produc$ ! greate/ en?usiasm 9 all our musical circles1 & ! la/ movem5t ( ! duet 0 treat$ by arrang]s = ! piano1 9 e possible =m4 ,?is is ! movem5t1 7de/9$1 too soon1 to f9d fav\r 9 ! eyes ( omnibus conductors1 & all ! wor/ amateurs ( ! cornet71 ( :i* ,ross9i wrote f ,p>is to a fri5d at ,milan2 ,i ne$ n describe ! duet = ! two basses1 y mu/ h he>d x :]e y are4 ,i ,puritani 0 ,bell9i's la/ op]a4 ,! season aft] its production he retir$ to ! h\se ( a ,mr4 ,lewis at ,puteaux1 & !re1 :ile /udy+ 8 art ) an ard\r :i* nev] des]t$ him1 0 attack$ by a fatal illness4 ,f 8 y\? up1 says ,mr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,m\ld1 9 8 int]e/+ ,memoir ( ,bell9i2 ,v9c5zo's eag]ness 9 8 art 0 su* z to keep him at ! piano day & night1 till he 0 oblig$ =cibly to leave x4 ,! rul+ passion accompani$ him ?r\gh 8 %ort life1 & by ! assiduity ) :i* he pursu$ x1 br\ght on ! dys5t]y1 :i* clos$ 8 brilliant c>e]1 peopl+ 8 la/ h\rs ) ! figures ( ^? to :om 8 works 7 s l>gely indebt$ = _! success4 ,dur+ ! mom5ts ( delirium :i* prec$$ 8 dea?1 he 0 con/antly speak+ ( ,labla*e1 ,tambur9i & ,grisi1 & "o ( 8 la/ recognisable impressions 01 t he 0 pres5t at a brilliant repres5tation ( 8 la/ op]a1 at ! ,salle ,fav>t4 ,8 e>?ly c>e] clos$ on ,w$nesday1 ! #bcrd ( ,septemb]1 #ahce4 ,sid5ote3 ,,bell9i',s ,,dea?4 ,?us di$ ,bell9i1 9 ! tw5ty-n9? ye> ( 8 age4 ,imm$iately aft] 8 dea?1 & on ! v eve ( 8 int]m5t1 ! ,?tre ,itali5 re-op5$ ) ! ,puritani4 ,! "w1 says ! writ] f :om ,i h j quot$1 0 li/5$ to ?r\gh\t ) a sad att5tion1 betray+ evid5tly h[ ! g5]al ?\ghts ( bo? audi5ce & arti/s 7 pre-occupi$ ) ! m\rnful fate ( him s rec5tly among/ !m1 n[ ext5d$ s5seless1 s\lless1 & mute1 ^u 8 fun]al bi]4 ,! solemn & m\rnful *ords :i* comm5ce ! op]a1 excit$ a sorr[ful emotion 9 ! brea/s ( bo? ^? :o sang & ^? :o he>d4 ,! feel+ 9 :i* ! or*e/ra & *orus p>ticipat$1 ex-t5d$ itself to ! pr9cipal arti/s conc]n$1 & ! =emo/ among/ !m display$ nei!r t vig\r nor t neatness ( execution :i* ,p>is 0 s accu/om$ to accept at _! h&s2 ,tambur9i 9 p>ticul>1 0 s brok5 d[n by ! dea? ( ! "y fri5d1 ^: pres5ce among/ !m spurr$ ! glori\s qu>tett on ! season be=e1 to su* unprec$5t$ ex]tions1 t 8 magnific5t organ1 sup]b vocalisation 7 (t5 consid]ably at fault dur+ ! ev5+1 & 8 int]rupt$ acc5t1 jo9$ to ! melan*oly depict$ on ! c\nt5ances ( ,grisi1 ,rub9i1 & ,labla*e1 s5t ^? to _! homes ) an a*+ he>t :o _h pres5t$ !mselves to t ev5+'s he>+ ( ,i ,puritani1 previ\sly dispos$1 moreov]1 to att5d ! m\rnful c]emony ( ! morr[4 ,a committee ( ,bell9i's fri5ds1 includ+ ,ross9i1 ,*]ub9i1 ,pa]1 & ,c>afa1 und]took ! g5]al direction ( ! fun]al ( :i* ! musical dep>tm5t 0 entru/$ to ,m4 ,hab5eck ! *ef d'or*e/re ( ! ,acadmie ,royale4 ,! exp5ses ( ! c]emony 7 defray$ by ,m4 ,pans]on1 ( ! ,?tre ,itali54 ,! mo/ rem>kable piece = ! programme ( ! fun]al music1 0 a lacrymosa = f\r voices1 )\t accompanim5t1 9 :i* ! text ( ! ,lat9 hymn 0 unit$ to ! beautiful melody 7& ( a ?or\ghly religi\s "*71 sung by ! t5or 9 ! ?ird act ( ! ,puritani4 ,?is lacrymosa 0 execut$ by ,rub9i1 ,ivan(f1 ,tambur9i1 & ,labla*e4 ,! s]vice 0 p]=m$ 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,invalides1 & ,bell9i's rema9s 7 int]r$ 9 ! cemet]y ( ,pre la ,*aise4 ,ross9i _h always %[n ! greate/ affection = ,bell9i2 & ,ros>io ,bell9i1 a few weeks aft] 8 son's dea?1 wrote a lett] to ! great compos]1 ?ank+ him = ! almo/ pat]nal k9dness :i* he _h %[n to "y ,v9c5zo dur+ 8 lifetime1 & = ! hon\r he _h paid to 8 memory :5 he 0 no m4 ,aft] speak+ ( ! grief & despair 9 :i* ! loss ( 8 belov$ son _h plung$ him1 ! old man express$ himself z foll[s3-- ,y always enc\rag$ ! object ( my et]nal regret 9 8 lab\rs2 y took him "u y\r protection2 y neglect$ no?+ t c\ld increase 8 glory & 8 welf>e4 ,aft] my son's dea? :at h y n done to hon\r 8 memory & r5d] x de> to po/]ity6 ,i le>nt ?is f ! newspap]s2 & ,i am p5etrat$ ) gratitude = y\r excessive k9dness1 z well z = t ( a numb] ( di/+ui%$ arti/es1 :i* also ,i %all nev] =get4 ,pray1 sir1 be my int]pret]1 & tell ^! arti/es t ! fa!r & family ( ,bell9i1 z well z our compatriots ( ,catana1 w *]i% an imp]i%able recollection ( ?is g5]\s conduct4 ,i %all nev] cease to rememb] h[ mu* y did = my son2 ,i %all make kn[n ev]y:]e1 9 ! mid/ ( my te>s1 :at an affectionate he>t belongs to ! great ,ross9i2 & h[ k9d1 hospitable1 & full ( feel+ are ! arti/es ( ,france4 ,sid5ote3 ,,bell9i ,,& ,,donizetti4 ,if we comp>e ,bell9i ) ,donizetti1 we f9d t ! latt] 0 ! m prolific ( ! two1 judg+ simply by ! numb] ( works produc$2 inasmu* z ,donizetti1 at ! age ( tw5ty-eight1 _h already produc$ ?irte5 op]as2 :]eas ! numb] ( ,bell9i's dramatic works1 :5 he di$ 9 8 tw5ty-n9? ye>1 am\nt$ only to n9e4 ,b ( ! bak]'s doz5 ?r[n (f by ,donizetti at s e>ly an age1 n "o made any impression on ! public1 or on musicians1 su* z 0 caus$ by ,i ,capuletti1 or ,il ,pirata1 or ,la ,/rani]a1 to say no?+ ( ,i ,puritani1 :i*1 9 ! op9ion ( _m good judges1 holds =? great] promise ( dramatic excell5ce ?an is conta9$ 9 any o!r ( ,bell9i's works1 includ+ ^? ma/]pieces 9 two su* diff]5t /yles1 ,la ,sonnambula & ,norma4 ,:5 ,donizetti _h be5 compos+ = a doz5 ye>s1 & _h produc$ ?irty "o op]as 7,anna ,bol5a 0 8 ?irty-second71 he _h /ill writt5 no?+ :i* c\ld be rank$ on an equality ) ,bell9i's second-rate works1 su* z ,il ,pirata & ,i ,capuletti2 & dur+ ! second half ( ,donizetti's op]atic c>e]1 n "o "w ( 8 9 ?ree met ) ! success :i* 7,beatrice alone except$7 att5d$ all ,bell9i's op]as1 z soon z ,bell9i _h once pass$ t m]ely exp]im5tal p]iod :51 to fail1 is1 = a compos] ( real ability1 to le>n h[ n to fail a second "t4 ,i d n say t ! compos] ( ,lucrezia1 ,lucia1 & ,elisir d',amore is s va/ly inf]ior to ! compos] ( ,la ,sonnambula & ,norma2 b1 simply1 t ,donizetti1 dur+ ! fir/ doz5 ye>s ( 8 arti/ic life1 did n approa* ! excell5ce %[n by ! "y ,bell9i dur+ ! n9e ye>s :i* made up ! :ole ( 8 brief musical c>e]4 ,m ?an t1 ,donizetti nev] produc$ a musical trag$y equal to ,norma1 nor a musical pa/oral equal to ,la ,sonnambula2 :ile1 dramatic consid]ations ap>t1 he _c be comp>$ to ,bell9i z an inv5tor ( melody4 ,inde$1 x w\ld be difficult 9 ! :ole range ( op]a to "n ?ree works :i* conta9 s _m simple1 t5d]1 t\*+ airs1 ( a ref9$ "*1 yet possess+ all ! elem5ts ( popul>ity 79 %ort1 airs ^: beauty is univ]sally appreciable7 z ,norma1 ,la ,sonnambula1 & ,i ,puritani4 ,! simplicity ( ,bell9i's melodies is "o ( _! *ief *>act]i/ics2 & ?is 0 especially rem>kable1 at a "t :5 ,ross9i's imitators 7 exagg]at+ ! florid /yle ( _! model 9 e air !y produc$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,bell9i',s ,,s+]s4 ,mo/ ( ! great s+]s ( ! mod]n s*ool1--inde$1 all :o h appe>$ s9ce & includ+ ,madame ,pa/a1 h ga9$ _! reputation *iefly 9 ,bell9i's & ,donizetti's op]as4 ,!y =m$ _! /yle1 x is true1 by s++ ,ross9i's music2 b z ! public w n li/5 = ev] ev5 to su* op]as z ,il ,b>bi]e & ,semiramide1 x 0 necess>y to provide ! new vocali/s f "t to "t ) new p>ts2 & ?us ,am9a & ,anna ,bol5a 7 writt5 = ,pa/a2 ,elv9o1 c41 = ,rub9i2 ,edg>do1 9 ! ,lucia1 = ,duprez2 a complete qu>tett ( p>ts 9 ,i ,puritani1 = ,grisi1 ,rub9i1 ,tambur9i1 & ,labla*e4 ,s9ce ,donizetti's ,don ,pasquale1 compos$ = ,grisi1 ,m>io 7,rub9i's successor71 ,tambur9i1 & ,labla*e1 no "w ( any importance has be5 compos$ = ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,p>is--nor ( ,london ei!r1 ,i may add1 9 spite ( ,v]di's ,i ,masnadi]i1 & ,halvy's ,la ,tempe/a1 bo? manufactur$ expressly = ,h] ,maje/y's ,!atre4 ,i h already spok5 ( ,pa/a's & ,malibran's successes 9 ,ross9i's op]as4 ,! fir/ "p writt5 = ,pa/a by ,bell9i 0 t ( ,am9a 9 ! ,sonnambula2 ! second1 t ( ,norma4 ,b ?\gh ,pa/a creat$ ^! *>act]s1 %e 0 de/9$ to be surpass$ 9 bo? ( !m by ! =m] ,m>ietta ,g>cia1 n[ return$ f ,am]ica1 & kn[n ev]y:]e z ,malibran4 ,?is vocali/1 by all acc\nts ! mo/ poetic & impassion$ ( all ! great s+]s ( h] p]iod1 arriv$ 9 ,italy j :5 ,i ,capuletti1 ,la ,sonnambula1 & ,norma1 7 at ! height ( _! popul>ity--?anks1 9 a great measure1 to ! admirable mann] 9 :i* ! "p ( ! h]o9e 9 ea* ( ^! works 0 repres5t$ by ,pa/a4 ,malibran appe>$ z ,am9a1 z ,norma1 & also z ,romeo1 9 ,i ,capuletti4 ,%e int]pret$ ! *>act]s 7to borr[ an expression1 :i* is admissible1 9 ?is case1 f ! j>gon ( ,fr5* musical critics7 9 h] own mann]1 & v +5i\sly br\ght into relief j ^? portions ( ! music ( ea* :i* 7 n r5d]$ prom95t 9 ! ,pa/a v]sions4 ,! new s+] 0 applaud$ en?usia/ically4 ,! public 7 really grateful to h] = br++ to light beauties :i*1 b = h]1 w\ld h rema9$ 9 ! %ade4 ,b x 0 also ?\ght t ,malibran fe>$ h] illu/ri\s rival & pr$ecessor too mu*1 to attempt h] read+s4 ,?is 0 j ! impression %e wi%$ to produce2 & :5 %e saw t ! public _h made up its m9d on ! subject1 %e *ang$ h] tactics1 foll[$ ,pa/a's int]pretation1 & beat h] on h] own gr\nd4 ,%e excell$ :]ev] ,pa/a _h excell$1 & prov$ h]self on ! :ole sup]ior to h]4 ,f9ally1 %e play$ ! p>ts ( ,norma & ,am9a 9 h] fir/ & second mann] comb9$4 ,?is r5d]$ h] triumph decisive4 ,n[ ,malibran comm5c$ a triumphal progress ?r\gh ,italy4 ,:]ev] %e sang1 %[]s ( b\quets & g>l&s fell at h] feet2 ! horses 7 tak5 f h] c>riage on h] leav+ ! !atre1 & %e 0 dragg$ home amid ! %\ts ( an admir+ cr[d4 ,^! s-call$ ovations#ajj 7 r5ew$ at e op]atic city 9 ,italy2 & manag]s disput$1 9 a mann] previ\sly unexampl$1 ! hon\r & pr(it ( engag+ ! all-successful vocali/4 ,sid5ote3 ,,malibran4 ,! director ( ! ,trie/e op]a gave ,malibran f\r ?\s& francs a night1 & at ! end ( h] engagem5t press$ h] to accept a set ( diamonds4 ,malibran refus$1 obs]v+1 t :at %e _h already receiv$ 0 amply suffici5t = h] s]vices1 & m ?an %e w\ld ev] h ?\ght ( ask+ = !m1 _h n ! t]ms be5 propos$ by ! director himself4 ,accept my pres5t all ! same1 repli$ ! lib]al impres>io2 ,i c af=d to (f] y ?is little s\v5ir4 ,x w rem9d y t ,i made an excell5t ?+ out ( y\r engagem5t1 & x may1 p]haps1 help to induce y to come "h aga94 ,! actions ( ?is fi]y exi/5ce1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 w\ld appe> fabul\s if we _h n se5 ,m>ietta among/ u1 fulfill+ h] engagem5ts at ! !atre1 resi/+ all ! fatigue ( ! rehe>sals1 ( ! repres5tations1 aft] gallop+ morn+ & ev5+ 9 ! ,bois de ,b\logne1 s z to tire out two horses4 ,%e us$ to breakfa/ dur+ ! rehe>sals on ! /age4 ,i said to h]1 "o morn+1 at ! !atre3--',m>ietta c>issima1 non morrai4 ,*e f>1 dunque8 ,nemica sorte6 ,crep]ai4' ,h] travels1 h] excursions1 h] /udies1 h] p]=mances might h fill$ ! lives ( two arti/s1 & two v complete lives1 moreov]4 ,%e />ts = ,s9igaglia1 dur+ ! heat ( ,july1 9 man's clo!s1 takes h] seat on ! box ( ! c>riage1 drives ! horses2 scor*$ by ! sun ( ,italy1 cov]$ ) du/1 %e arrives1 jumps into ! sea1 swims l a dolph91 & !n goes to h] hotel to dress4 ,at ,brussels1 %e is applaud$ z a ,fr5* ,rosna1 deliv]+ ! prose ( ,beaum>*ais z ,mademoiselle ,m>s w\ld h deliv]$ x4 ,%e leaves ,brussels = ,london1 comes back to ,p>is1 travels ab\t 9 ,brie1 & returns to ,london1 n l a c\ri]1 b l a dove on ! w+4 ,we all "k :at ! life ( a s+] is 9 ! capital ( ,engl&1 ! life ( a dramatic s+] ( ! highe/ tal5t4 ,aft] a rehe>sal at ! op]a1 %e may h ?ree or f\r mat9e's to att5d2 & :5 ! curta9 falls1 & %e c escape f ! !atre1 !re are soires :i* la/ till day-break4 ,malibran kept all ^! engagem5ts1 &1 moreov]1 gave ,sunday to h] fri5ds2 ?is day ( absolute re/ to all ,engl&1 0 to ,m>ietta only ano!r day ( excitem5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,malibran4 ,malibran spoke ,spani%1 ,italian1 ,fr5*1 ,engli%1 & a little ,g]man1 & act$ & sang 9 ! fir/ f\r ( ^! languages4 ,9 ,london1 %e appe>$ 9 an ,engli% v]sion ( ,la ,sonnambula 7#ahch71 :5 h] repres5tation ( ! "* ( ,am9a creat$ a g5]al en?usiasm su* z c sc>cely h be5 equall$ dur+ ! ,j5ny ,l9d mania1--p]fect vocali/ z 0 ,j5ny ,l9d4 ,malibran appe>s1 h[ev]1 to h be5 a m impassion$ s+]1 & 0 c]ta9ly a f9] actress ?an ! ,sw$i% ,night+ale4 ,nev] los+ sight ( ! simplicity ( ! "*1 says a writ] 9 describ+ h] p]=mance 9 ,la ,sonnambula1 %e gave irresi/ible grace & =ce to ! pa!tic passages ) :i* x ab\nds1 & excit$ ! feel+ ( ! audi5ce to z high pit* z c be p]ceiv$4 ,h] sleep-walk+ sc5es1 9 :i* ! slighte/ am\nt ( exagg]ation or want ( caution w\ld h de/roy$ ! :ole effect1 7 play$ ) exquisite discrim9ation2 %e sang ! airs ) ref9$ ta/e & great p[]2 h] voice1 :i* 0 rem>kable1 r = its flexibility & sweetness ?an = its volume1 0 z pure z ev]1 & h] /yle display$ t high cultivation & luxuriance :i* m>k$ ! s*ool 9 :i* %e 0 educat$1 & :i* is almo/ id5tifi$ ) ! "n %e =m]ly bore4 ,drury ,lane 0 ! la/ !atre at :i* ,madame ,malibran sang2 b ! la/ notes %e ev] utt]$ 7 he>d at ,man*e/]1 :]e %e p]=m$ only 9 oratorios & at conc]ts4 ,be=e leav+ ,london1 ,madame ,malibran _h a fall f h] horse1 & all ! "t %e 0 s++ at ,man*e/]1 %e 0 suff]+ f its effects4 ,%e _h /ruck h] head1 & ! viol5ce ( ! bl[1 toge!r ) ! g5]al %ock to h] n]ves1 )\t weak5+ any ( h] faculties1 seem$ to h produc$ t fev]i% excitem5t :i* gave su* tragic poetry to h] la/ p]=mances4 ,at fir/1 %e w\ld take no precautions1 ?\gh inflammation ( ! bra9 0 to be fe>$1 &1 inde$1 might be said to h already decl>$ itself4 ,%e cont9u$ to s+1 & nev] 0 h] voice m pure & melodi\s1 nev] 0 h] execution m d>+ & dazzl+1 nev] be=e _h %e sung ) su* inspiration & ) a passion :i* communicat$ itself 9 s electric a mann] to h] audi5ce4 ,%e 0 bl$2 n "o ( ! doctors appe>s to h _h suffici5t /r5g? ( m9d to en=ce t absolute re/ :i* ev]yone mu/ h kn[n 0 necess>y = h] exi/5ce1 & %e /ill w5t on s++4 ,!re 7 no signs ( any loss ( physical p[]1 :ile h] n]v\s =ce appe>$ to h increas$4 ,! la/ "t %e ev] sang1 %e execut$ ! duet f ,&ronico1 ) ,madame ,c>adori1 :o1 by a v natural sympa?y1 appe>$ h]self to h receiv$ some?+ ( t almo/ sup]natural fire :i* 0 burn+ )9 ! brea/ ( ,malibran1 & :i* 0 n[ fa/ consum+ h]4 ,! public applaud$ ) ec/acy1 & z ! g5]al excitem5t increas$1 ! m>vell\s vocalisation ( ! dy+ s+] became almo/ miracul\s4 ,%e improvis$ a f9al cad5ce1 :i* 0 ! climax ( h] triumph & ( h] life4 ,! bravos ( ! audi5ce 7 n at an end :5 %e _h already sunk exhau/$ into ! arms ( ,madame ,aless&ri1 :o c>ri$ h]1 fa9t+1 into ! arti/'s room4 ,%e 0 remov$ imm$iately to ! hotel4 ,x 0 n[ impossible to save h]1 & s conv9c$ ( ?is 0 h] husb&1 t almo/ be=e %e _h brea!d h] la/1 he 0 on 8 way to ,p>is1 ! bett] to secure e f>?+ ( h] prop]ty6 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,rub9i4 ,rub9i1 ?\gh he fir/ ga9$ 8 imm5se reputation by 8 mode ( s++ ! airs ( ,il ,pirata1 ,anna ,bol5a1 & ,la ,sonnambula1 =m$ 8 /yle 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 on ! op]as ( ,ross9i4 ,?is vocali/1 h[ev]1 sang & act$ 9 a great _m diff]5t capacities be=e he 0 recognis$ z ! fir/ ( all fir/ t5ors4 ,at ! age ( twelve ,rub9i made 8 db at ! !atre ( ,romano1 8 native t[n1 9 a woman's "p4 ,?is curi\s prima donna aft]w>ds sat d[n at ! door ( ! !atre1 betwe5 two c&les1 & beh9d a plate1 9 :i* ! admir+ public deposit$ _! (f]+s to ! fair bnfici>e4 ,%e is said to h be5 p]fectly satisfi$ ) ! receipts & ) ! praise accord$ to h] = h] fir/ p]=mance4 ,rub9i aft]w>ds w5t to ,b]gamo1 :]e he 0 engag$ to play ! viol9 9 ! or*e/ra betwe5 ! acts ( com$ies1 & to s+ 9 ! *oruses dur+ ! op]atic season4 ,a drama 0 to be br\ght out 9 :i* a c]ta9 cavat9a 0 introduc$4 ,! manag] 0 9 great tr\ble to f9d a s+] to :om ?is air c\ld be entru/$4 ,rub9i 0 m5tion$1 ! manag] (f]$ him a few %ill+s to s+ x1 ! b>ga9 0 made1 & ! new vocali/ 0 imm5sely applaud$4 ,?is air 0 ! production ( ,lamb]ti4 ,rub9i kept x1 & _m ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 he 0 at ! height ( 8 reputation1 0 fond ( s++ x 9 memory ( 8 fir/ compos]4 ,9 #ahce1 tw5ty-?ree ye>s aft] ,rub9i's fir/ engagem5t at ,b]gamo1 ! t5or ( ! ,?tre ,itali5 ( ,p>is 0 ask$ to int]c$e = a *orus-s+]1 :o expect$ to be dismiss$ f ! e/abli%m5t4 ,he told ! unhappy man to write a lett] to ! manag]1 & !n gave x ! irresi/ible weight ( 8 recomm5dation by sign+ x ,rub9i1 ,anci5 ,*ori/e4 ,aft] leav+ ,b]gamo1 ,rub9i 0 engag$ z second t5or 9 an op]atic company ( no great importance4 ,he next jo9$ a w&]+ troop1 & among o!r feats he is said to h danc$ 9 a ballet some:]e 9 ,pi$mont1 :]e1 = 8 pa9s1 he 0 viol5tly hiss$4 ,9 #ahad1 he 0 engag$ at ,pavia z t5or1 :]e he receiv$ ab\t ?irty-six %ill+s a mon?4 ,sixte5 ye>s aft]w>ds1 ,rub9i & 8 wife 7 (f]$ an engagem5t ( six ?\s& p\nds1 & at la/ ! s]vices ( ,rub9i alone 7 reta9$ at ! ,italian ,op]a ( ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 at ! rate ( tw5ty ?\s& p\nds a ye>4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rub9i4 ,rub9i 0 su* a great s+]1 & possess$ su* admirable p[]s ( expression1 especially 9 pa!tic airs 7x 0 well said ( him1 qu'il avait des l>mes dans la voix17 t he may be look$ ^u z1 9 "s measure1 ! creator ( ! op]atic /yle :i* succe$$ t ( ! ,ross9ian p]iod up to ! production ( ,semiramide1 ! la/ ( ,ross9i's works1 writt5 specially = ,italy4 ,! florid mode ( vocalization _h be5 c>ri$ to an excess :5 ,rub9i %[$ :at effect he c\ld produce by s++ melodies ( a simple emotional "*1 )\t dep5d+ at all on vocalization m]ely z su*4 ,x has already be5 m5tion$ t ,bell9i wrote ,il ,pirato ) ,rub9i at 8 side1 & x is v rem>kable t ,donizetti nev] a*iev$ any great success1 & 0 nev] ?\ght to h exhibit$ any /yle ( 8 own until he produc$ ,anna ,bol5a1 9 :i* ! t5or "p 0 compos$ expressly = ,rub9i4 ,e "o :o is acqua9t$ ) ,anna ,bol5a1 w und]/& h[ mu* ,ross9i's mode ( s++ ! airs1 ,ogni t]ra ove1 c41 & ,vivi tu1 mu/ h contribut$ to ! imm5se fav\r ) :i* x 0 receiv$4 ,rub9i w long be rememb]$ z ! t5or ( ! incomp>able qu>tett = :om ! ,puritani 0 writt51 & :o p]=m$ toge!r 9 x = sev5 consecutive ye>s 9 ,p>is & 9 ,london4 ,rub9i disappe>$ f ! ,we/ 9 #ahda1 & 0 replac$ 9 ! "p ( ,arturo1 by ,m>io4 ,tambur9i 0 ! next to disappe>1 & !n ,labla*e4 ,nei!r ,ricc>do nor ,giorgio h s9ce f\nd ?or\ghly effici5t repres5tatives1 & n[ we h lo/ ) ,grisi ! orig9al ,elvira1 )\t kn[+ precisely :]e ano!r is to come f4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rub9i',s ,,brok5 ,,clavicle4 ,be=e tak+ leave ( ,rub9i1 ,i mu/ m5tion a sort ( duel he once _h ) a rebelli\s ,b flat1 ! hi/ory ( :i* has be5 relat$ at l5g? by ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 9 ! ,revue de ,p>is4 ,pac9i's ,talismano _h j be5 produc$ ) great success at la ,scala4 ,rub9i made 8 entry 9 ?is op]a ) an accompani$ recitative1 :i* ! public always applaud$ en?usia/ically4 ,"o phrase 9 p>ticul>1 :i* ! s+] comm5c$ by attack+ ! high ,b flat )\t prep>ation1 &1 hold+ x = a consid]able p]iod1 excit$ _! admiration to ! highe/ po9t4 ,s9ce ,f>9elli's celebrat$ trumpet song1 no "o note _h ev] obta9$ su* a success z _! wond]ful ,b flat ( ,rub9i's4 ,! public ( ,milan w5t 9 cr[ds to he> x1 & hav+ he>d x1 nev] fail$ to encore x4 ,un 'altra volta6 res\nd$ ?r\gh ! h\se almo/ be=e ! magic note itself _h ceas$ to r+4 ,! great s+] _h already di/ribut$ f\rte5 ,b flats among 8 admir+ audi5ces1 :51 eag] = ! fifte5? & sixte5?1 ! ,milanese ?rong$ to _! magnific5t !atre to be pres5t at ! eigh? p]=mance ( ,il ,talismano4 ,! or*e/ra execut$ ! brief prelude :i* ann\nc$ ! entry ( ! t5or4 ,rub9i appe>$1 rais$ 8 eyes to heav51 ext5d$ 8 arms1 plant$ himself firmly on 8 calves1 inflat$ 8 brea/1 op5$ 8 m\?1 & s\ght1 by ! usual means1 to pron\nce ! wi%$-= ,b flat4 ,b no ,b flat w\ld come4 ,os habet1 et non clamabit4 ,rub9i 0 dumb2 ! public did _! be/ to enc\rage ! disconsolate s+]1 applaud$ him1 *e]$ him1 & gave him c\rage to attack ! unhappy ,b flat a second "t4 ,on ?is occasion1 ,rub9i 0 victori\s4 ,det]m9$ to cat* ! fugitive note1 :i* = a mom5t _h escap$ him1 ! s+] br\ght all ! muscul> =ce ( 8 imm5se lungs into play1 /ruck ! ,b flat1 & ?rew x out among ! audi5ce ) a vig\r :i* surpris$ & delight$ !m4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 ! t5or 0 by no means equally pleas$ ) ! triumph he _h j ga9$4 ,he felt1 t 9 ex]t+ himself to ! utmo/1 he _h injur$ himself 9 a mann] :i* might prove v s]i\s4 ,some?+ 9 ! me*anism ( 8 voice _h giv5 way4 ,he _h felt ! fracture at ! "t4 ,he _h1 inde$1 conqu]$ ! ,b flat1 b at :at an exp5se2 t ( a brok5 clavicle6 ,h[ev]1 he cont9u$ 8 sc5e4 ,he 0 w\nd$1 b triumphant1 & 9 8 arti/ic elation he =got ! positive physical injury he _h su/a9$4 ,on leav+ ! /age he s5t = ! surgeon ( ! !atre1 :o1 by inspect+ & feel+ ,rub9i's clavicle1 conv9c$ himself t x 0 inde$ fractur$4 ,! bone _h be5 unable to resi/ ! t5sion ( ! s+]'s lungs4 ,rub9i may h be5 said to h swell$ 8 voice until x bur/ "o ( its natural b>ri]s4 ,x seems to me1 said ! w\nd$ t5or1 t a man c g on s++ ) a brok5 clavicle4 ,c]ta9ly1 repli$ ! doctor1 y h j prov$ x4 ,h[ long w\ld x take to m5d x8 he enquir$4 ,two mon?s1 if y rema9$ p]fectly quiet dur+ ! :ole "t4 ,two mon?s6 ,& ,i h only sung sev5 times4 ,i %\ld h to give up my engagem5t4 ,c a p]son live com=tably ) a brok5 clavicle8 ,v com=tably inde$4 ,if y take c>e n to lift any weight y w exp]i5ce no disagreeable effects4 ,ah6 !re is my cue1 exclaim$ ,rub9i2 ,i %all g on s++4 ,rub9i w5t on s++1 says ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 & ,i d n ?9k any "o :o he>d him 9 #ahca c\ld tell t he 0 li/5+ to a w\nd$ s+]--w\nd$ glori\sly on ! field ( battle4 ,z a musical doctor ,i 0 all[$ to t\* 8 w\nd1 & ,i rem>k$ on ! left side ( ! clavicle a solution ( cont9uity1 ?ree or f\r l9es#aja 9 ext5t betwe5 ! two p>ts ( ! fractur$ bone4 ,i relat$ ! adv5ture 9 ! ,revue de ,p>is1 & ?ree hundr$ p]sons w5t to ,rub9i's h\se to t\* ! w\nd1 & v]ify my /atem5t4 ,sid5ote3 ,,tambur9i4 ,two o!r vocali/s are m5tion$ 9 ! hi/ory ( music1 :o n only injur$ !mselves 9 s++1 b actually di$ ( _! injuries4 ,fabris _h %[n himself an unsuccessful rival ( ! celebrat$ ,guadagni1 :5 8 ma/]1 det]m9$ t he %\ld ga9 a complete victory1 compos$ expressly = him an air ( ! greate/ difficulty1 :i* ! "y s+] 0 to execute at ! ,san ,c>lo ,!atre1 at ,naples4 ,fabris prote/$ t he c\ld n s+1 or t if s1 x w\ld co/ him 8 life2 b he yield$ to 8 ma/]'s iron w1 attack$ ! impossible air1 & di$ on ! /age ( hmorrhage ( ! lungs4 ,9 ! same mann]1 an air :i* ! t5or ,labitte 0 endeav\r+ to execute at ! ,lion's !atre1 9 #ahbj1 0 ! cause ( 8 own execution4 ,i h spok5 ( ! v]satility ( tal5t display$ by ,rub9i 9 8 y\?4 ,tambur9i & ,labla*e 7 equally exp]t s+]s 9 e /yle4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbb ,tambur9i 0 engag$ at ,pal]mo1 :]e1 on ! la/ day ( ! c>nival1 ! public att5d1 or us$ to att5d1 ! ,op]a1 ) drums1 trumpets1 saucepans1 %ovels1 & all k9ds ( musical & unmusical in/rum5ts--especially noisy ones4 ,on ?is tumultu\s ev5+1 ,tambur9i1 already a great fav\rite ) ! ,pal]mitans1 _h to s+ 9 ,m]cadante's ,elisa e ,claudio4 ,! public receiv$ him ) a salvo ( _! c>navalesque artill]y1 :5 ,tambur9i1 f9d+ t x 0 impossible to make himself he>d 9 ! ord9>y way1 det]m9$ to execute 8 "p 9 falsetto2 &1 ! bett] to amuse ! public1 comm5c$ s++ ) ! voice ( a soprano sfogato4 ,! a/oni%$ audi5ce laid _! in/rum5ts aside to li/5 to ! novel & entirely unexpect$ acc5ts ( _! basso cantante4 ,tambur9i's falsetto 0 ( wond]ful purity1 & 9 us+ x he display$ ! same agility = :i* he 0 rem>kable :5 employ+ 8 ord9>y ?or\ghly mascul9e voice4 ,! ,pal]mitans 7 int]e/$ by ?is novel display ( vocal p[]1 & 71 moreov]1 pleas$ at ,tambur9i's read9ess & +5uity 9 reply+ to _! seem+ly unansw]able *>iv>i4 ,b ! poor prima donna 0 unable to ent] into ! joke at all4 ,%e ev5 imag9$ t ! turbul5t demon/rations ) :i* %e 0 receiv$ :5ev] %e made h] appe>ance1 7 int5d$ to insult h]1 & long be=e ! op]a 0 at an end %e refus$ to cont9ue h] "p4 ,! manag] 0 9 great al>m1 = he knew t ! public w\ld n /& ^u any c]emony t ev5+2 & t1 if ! p]=mance 7 int]rupt$ by any?+ b _! own noise1 !y w\ld probably break ev]y?+ 9 ! !atre4 ,tambur9i ru%$ to ! prima donna's room4 ,madame ,lipp>9i1 ! lady 9 "q1 _h already left ! !atre1 b %e _h also left ! co/ume ( ,elisa beh9d4 ,! +5i\s b>itone ?rew (f 8 coat1 contriv$1 by /ret*+ & splitt+1 to get on ,elisa's sat9 dress1 clapp$ h] bonnet ov] 8 own wig1 & ?us equipp$ appe>$ on ! /age1 ready to take ! "p ( ! unhappy & n[ fugitive ,lipp>9i4 ,! audi5ce applaud$ ) "o accord ! entry ( ! /range/ ,elisa ev] se54 ,h] dress came only half way d[n h] legs1 ! sleeves did n ext5d any:]e ne> h] wri/s4 ,! soprano1 :o at a mom5t's notice _h replac$ ,madame ,lipp>9i1 _h ! l>ge/ h&s & feet a prima donna 0 ev] kn[n to possess4 ,sid5ote3 ,,tambur9i4 ,! b& _h play$ ! ritornello ( ,elisa's cavat9a a doz5 times1 & ! mo/ turbul5t among ! assembly _h actually got up f _! seats1 & 7 ready to scale ! or*e/ra1 & jump on ! /age1 :5 ,tambur9i ru%$ on 9 ! co/ume above describ$4 ,aft] curtsey+ to ! audi5ce1 press+ "o h& to 8 he>t1 & ) ! o!r wip+ away ! te>s ( gratitude he 0 suppos$ to %$ = ! en?usia/ic reception accord$ to him1 he comm5c$ ! cavat9a1 & w5t ?r\gh x admirably2 burlesqu+ x a little = ! sake ( ! co/ume1 b s++ x1 nev]!less1 ) m>vell\s expression1 & display+ executive p[] f> sup]ior to any t ,madame ,lipp>9i h]self c\ld h %[n4 ,z long z !re 7 only airs to s+1 ,tambur9i got on easily en\gh4 ,he devot$ 8 soprano voice to ,elisa1 :ile ! ,c\nt rema9$ /ill a basso1 ! s+] p]=m+ 8 ord9>y "p 9 8 ord9>y voice4 ,b a duet = ,elisa & ! ,c\nt 0 approa*+2 & ! excit$ amateurs1 n[ oblivi\s ( _! drums1 kettles1 & kettle-drums1 7 speculat+ ) anxi\s int]e/ z to h[ ,tambur9i w\ld manage to be soprano & basso-cantante 9 ! same piece4 ,! vocali/ f\nd no difficulty 9 execut+ ! duet4 ,he p]=m$ bo? p>ts--! bass reply+ to ! soprano1 & ! soprano to ! bass--) ! mo/ p]fect precision4 ,! d\ble repres5tative ev5 made a po9t ( pass+ f "r to left & f left to "r1 accord+ z he 0 ! fa!r-9-law or ! daught]4 ,?is 0 ! cr[n+ success4 ,! op]a 0 n[ li/5$ to ) pleasure & delight to ! v end2 & x 0 n until ! fall ( ! curta9 t ! audi5ce re-comm5c$ _! *>iv>i1 by way ( te/ify+ _! admiration = ,tambur9i1 :o 0 call$ upw>ds ( a doz5 times on to ! /age4 ,?is 0 n all3 !y 7 s griev$ at ! idea ( los+ him1 t !y entreat$ him to appe> aga9 9 ! ballet4 ,he did s1 & ga9$ fre% applause by 8 p]=mance 9 a pas de quatre ) ! ,taglionis & ,mademoiselle ,r9ald9i4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sid5ote3 ,,labla*e4 ,labla*e 0 sc>cely sev5te5 ye>s ( age1 & _h j f9i%$ 8 /udies at ! ,cons]vatorio ( ,naples :5 he 0 engag$ z ,neapolitan buffo at ! little ,san ,c>l9o !atre4 ,"h two p]=mances 7 giv5 e day1 "o 9 ! aft]noon1 ! o!r 9 ! ev5+1 :ile ! morn+ 0 devot$ to rehe>sals4 ,labla*e support$ ! fatigue caus$ by ?is sy/em )\t 8 voice suff]+ ! slighte/ injury1 ?\gh all ! o!r memb]s ( ! company 7 oblig$ to ?r[ up _! engagem5ts be=e ! ye> 0 out1 & sev]al ( !m nev] recov]$ _! voices4 ,he _h be5 five mon?s at ,san ,c>l9o :5 he m>ri$ ,t]esa ,p9otti1 daught] ( an actor engag$ at ! !atre1 & "o ( ! greate/ com$ians ( ,italy4 ,?is union appe>s to h _h a great effect on ,labla*e's fate4 ,8 wife saw :at g5ius he possess$1 & ?\ght ( all possible means to get him away f ,san ,c>l9o1 an e/abli%m5t :i* %e ju/ly reg>d$ z unwor?y ( him4 ,labla*e1 = 8 "p1 w\ld h rema9$ !re all 8 life1 play+ ! "p ( ,neapolitan buffo1 )\t ?9k+ ( ! brilliant position )9 8 rea*4 ,!re 0 at t "t a celebrat$ ,neapolitan buffo1 nam$ ,mililotti1 :o1 ,madame ,labla*e ?\ght1 might advantage\sly replace h] husb&4 ,%e n only procur$ an engagem5t = ,labla*e's rival at ! ,san ,c>l9o !atre1 b is ev5 said to h pack$ ! h\se ! fir/ night ( 8 appe>ance 7or re-appe>ance1 = he 0 already kn[n to ! ,neapolitans7 s z to ensure him a fav\rable reception4 ,h] intellig5t love w\ld1 d\btless1 h caus$ h] to hiss h] husb&1 _h n ,mililotti's success be5 suffici5tly great to conv9ce ,labla*e t he might z well seek 8 =tune else:]e1 & 9 a high] sph]e4 ,he _h "s hesitation1 h[ev]1 ab\t s++ 9 ! ,tuscan language1 accu/om$ z he 0 to ! ,neapolitan j>gon1 b 8 wife det]m9$ him to make ! *ange1 & procur$ an engagem5t = him 9 ,sicily4 ,arriv$ at ,mess9a1 h[ev]1 he cont9u$ = "s "t to appe> z ,neapolitan buffo1 a l9e = :i* he _h always _h a great pr$ilection1 & 9 :i*1 spite ( ! =c$ success ( ,mililotti1 he _h no equal4 ,labla*e w be g5]ally rememb]$ z a true basso2 b1 be=e appe>+ z ,b>tolo 9 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville1 he = _m ye>s play$ ! "p ( ,fig>o4 ,i h se5 x /at$ t ,labla*e has play$ n only ! bass & b>itone1 b also ! t5or "p 9 ,ross9i's great comic op]a2 b ,i d n believe t he ev] appe>$ z ,c\nt ,almaviva4 ,i h said t he p]=m$ bass p>ts 7! ,neapolitan buffo 0 always a bass71 :5 he fir/ made 8 db2 & dur+ ! la/ five-&-tw5ty ye>s ( 8 c>e]1 8 voice--m>vell\sly ev5 & s\nd f "o end to ! o!r--_h at ! same "t no extraord9>y compass2 b f ,g to ,e all 8 notes 7 full1 cle>1 & sonor\s1 z ! tones ( a bronze bell4 ,inde$1 ?is bell-l quality ( ! great basso's voice1 is said on "o occasion to h be5 ! cause ( consid]able al>m to 8 wife1 :o1 he>+ its deep boom 9 ! middle ( ! night1 imag9$1 z %e />t$ f h] slumb]s1 t ! h\se 0 on fire4 ,?is 0 ! p]iod ( ! great popul>ity ( ,i ,puritani1 :5 ,grisi1 accompani$ by ,labla*e1 0 9 ! habit ( s++ ! polacca ?ree times a week at ! op]a1 & ab\t twice a day at morn+ conc]ts4 ,labla*e1 aft] execut+ 8 "p ( ?is *>m+ & popul> piece ?ree times 9 n9e h\rs1 0 s haunt$ by x1 t he cont9u$ to r+ out 8 s\nd+ /accato accompanim5t 9 8 sleep4 ,=tunately1 ,madame ,labla*e succe$$ 9 /opp+ ?is somnambuli/ic p]=mance be=e ! eng9es arriv$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,labla*e4 ,l all complete arti/s1 l ,malibran1 l ,ronconi1 l ,g>rick1 ! great type ( ! class1 ,labla*e 0 equally happy 9 s]i\s & 9 comic p>ts4 ,?\gh ,malibran is *iefly rememb]$ 9 ,engl& by h] almo/ tragic r5d]+ ( ! "p ( ,am9a 9 ! ,sonnambula1 _m p]sons :o h he>d h] 9 all h] rp]toire1 assure me t %e exhibit$ ! greate/ tal5t 9 comic op]a1 or 9 su* lively half "* p>ts z ,nor9a 9 ! ,elixir ( ,love1 & ,z]l9a 9 ,don ,giovanni4 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe decl>es1 aft] speak+ ( h] p]=mance ( ,semiramide 7,semiramide has also be5 m5tion$ z "o ( ,malibran's be/ p>ts7 t 9 *>act]s ( less en]gy %e is mu* bett]1 & be/ ( all 9 ! comic op]a4 ,%e ev5 condesc5d$1 he adds1 to make h]self a buffa c>icata1 & take ! ?ird & lea/ important "p 9 ,cim>osa's ,matrimonio ,segretto1 t ( an old woman 7! ,mrs4 ,heidelb]g ( ! ,cl&e/9e ,m>riage71 g5]ally act$ by ! l[e/ s+] ( ! company4 ,f an insignificant "* %e rais$ x to a prom95t "o1 & v greatly add$ to ! effect ( t excell5t op]a4 ,s ( ,labla*e1 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 aft] rem>k+ t 8 voice 0 n only ( deep] compass ?an almo/ any ev] he>d1 b1 :5 he *ose1 absolutely /5torian1 tells 8 read]s t he 0 a mo/ excell5t actor1 especially 9 comic op]as1 9 :i* he 0 7z ,i am told7 z highly div]t+ z any ( ! mo/ laughable com$ians4 ,yet ! "* 9 :i* ,labla*e himself1 & n ,labla*e's reputation1 produc$ s fav\rable an impression on ?is writ]--n v fav\rably impress$ by any s+]s1 or any music t[>ds ! close ( 8 life--0 ,assur 9 ,semiramide6 ,:o t rememb]s ,labla*e z ,b>tolo--t rememb]s ! prom95ce & ! g5u9e hum\r :i* he gave to t slight & col\rless "p--c d5y t he 0 "o ( ! greate/ ( comic actors8 ,& did he n communicate ! same importance to ! m9or "* ( ,oroveso 9 ,norma1 9 :i* no?+ c\ld be m tragic & impressive ?an 8 sc5e ) ! rep5tant dy+ prie/ess 9 ! la/ act8 ,:at a picture1 too1 0 8 ,h5ry ,,viii4 9 ,anna ,bol5a6 ,a picture :i* ,labla*e himself compos$ f a c>eful /udy ( ! co/ume worn by ! orig9al1 & = :i* nature _h c]ta9ly suppli$ him 9 ! fir/ place ) a mo/ suitable =m4 ,?9k1 aga91 ( 8 sup]b gr&eur z ,maometto1 ( 8 t\*+ dignity z ,desdemona's fa!r2 !n =get bo? ^! *>act]s1 & recollect h[ p]fect1 h[ unique a ,leporello 0 ?is same ,labla*e4 ,"o ( our be/ critics has tak5 objection to ,labla*e's v]sion ( ?is la/-nam$ "p--?\gh1 ( c\rse1 )\t object+ to 8 actual p]=mance1 :i* he z well1 or bett] ?an any "o else1 kn[s to h be5 almo/ beyond praise4 ,b x has be5 said t ,labla*e 7& if ,labla*e1 !n all 8 pr$ecessors 9 ! same "*7 indulg$ 9 an unbecom+ _s ( burlesque dur+ ! la/ sc5e ( ,don ,giovanni1 9 :i* ! /atue seizes ! h]o ) 8 /rong h&1 & takes him d[n a practicable trap-door to et]nal torm5ts4 ,leporello1 h[ev]1 is a burlesque "*1 & a buffoon ?r\gh\t2 c[>dly1 sup]/iti\s1 gre$y1 ) all possible l[ qualities develop$ to a ludicr\s ext5t1 & ?us pres5t+ a f9e dramatic contra/ to 8 ma/]1 :o possesses all ! noble qualities1 except fai?--?is "o great flaw r5d]+ all ! use he makes ( val\r1 g5]osity1 & love ( woman1 an abuse4 ,leporello is always ?9k+ ( ! bad end :i* he is sure awaits him unless he quits ! s]vice ( a ma/] :om he is afraid to leave2 always ?9k+1 too1 ( macc>oni1 money1 & ! wages :i* ,don ,juan c]ta9ly w n pay him1 if he is tak5 to ! inf]nal regions be=e 8 next qu>t] is due4 ,mes gages1 mes gages1 cries ! ,sgan>elle ( ,molire's com$y1 & ,sgan>elle & ,leporello are "o & ! same p]son4 ,we may be sure t ,molire & ,labla*e are "r1 & t ,h]r ,=mes1 ) 8 new read+ ( a good old "p is wrong4 ,at ! same "t x is natural & all[able t a s+] :o _c be comic %\ld be s]i\s4 ,9 addition to 8 o!r great accompli%m5ts1 ,labla*e possess$ t ( be+ able to :i/le 9 a /yle t _m a piccolo play] w\ld h envi$4 ,he c\ld :i/le all ,rode's v>iations z p]fectly z ,l\isa ,pyne s+s !m4 ,z to ! vibratory =ce ( 8 full voice1 x 0 su* t to h all[$ ,labla*e to s+ 9 a gre5 h\se might h be5 a dang]\s exp]im5t4 ,*ron1 a celebrat$ ,fr5* bass1 is said to h be5 able to bur/ a tumbl] into a ?\s& pieces1 by s\nd+1 )9 a fragile & d\btless sympa!tic glass1 "s p>ticul> note4 ,equally int]e/+1 9 connexion ) a glass1 is a p]=mance 9 :i* ,i h se5 ! vet]an1#ajb b /ill almo/ juv5ile basso1 ,signor ,badiali1 indulge4 ,! arti/ takes a glass ( p>ticul>ly good cl>et1 dr9ks x1 &1 :ile 9 ! act ( swall[+1 s+s a scale4 ,! fir/ "t 8 execution is n q p]fect4 ,he repeats ! p]=mance ) a full glass1 a l\d voice1 & )\t miss+ a note or a drop4 ,to conv9ce 8 fri5ds t !re is no deception1 he (f]s to g ?r\gh ?is refre%+ species ( vocalization a ?ird "t2 aft] :i*1 if ! supply ( w9e on ! table happ5s to be limit$1 & ! s]vants gone to b$1 ! audi5ce g5]ally decl>es itself satisfi$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,madame ,,grisi4 ,giulia ,grisi1 ! la/ ( ! celebrat$ ,puritani qu>tett1 fir/ di/+ui%$ h]self by h] p]=mance ( ! "p ( ,adalgisa1 9 ,norma1 :5 t op]a 0 produc$ at ,milan1 9 #ahcb4 ,giulia or ,giulietta ,grisi1 is ! y\ng] si/] ( ,giuditta ,grisi1 also a s+]1 b to :om ,giulietta 0 sup]ior 9 all respects2 & %e is ! eld] si/] ( ,c>lotta ,grisi1 :o1 f an ord9>y vocali/1 became1 "u ! tuition ( ,p]rot1 ! mo/ *>m+ danc] ( h] "t4 ,:5 ,madame ,grisi fir/ appe>$1 "l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe hav+ ceas$ himself to att5d ! op]a1 tells u t %e possess$ a h&some p]son1 sweet1 yet p[]ful voice1 consid]able execution1 & /ill m expression2 t %e is an excell5t s+]1 & excell5t actress2 9 %ort1 is describ$ to be z ne>ly p]fect z possible1 & is almo/ a great] favorite ?an ev5 ,pa/a or ,malibran4 ,9 8 ,p5cill+s by ! ,way1 ,mr4 ,n4 ,p4 ,willis writes1 aft] see+ ,grisi1 :o _h !n fir/ appe>$ at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 9 ! ye> #ahcc2 %e is "y1 v pretty1 & an admirable actress--?ree great advantages to a s+]2 h] voice is "u absolute comm&1 & %e manages x beautifully2 b x wants ! infusion ( s\l--! gu%+ uncontrollable passionate feel+ ( ,malibran4 ,y m]ely feel t ,grisi is an accompli%$ arti/1 :ile ,malibran melts all y\r criticism into love & admiration4 ,i am easily mov$ by music1 b ,i come away )\t mu* en?usiasm = ! pres5t passion ( ,london4 ,! impression convey$ by ,mr4 ,n4 ,p4 ,willis is n precisely t :i* ,i receiv$ f he>+ ,grisi f\rte5 or fifte5 ye>s aft]w>ds1 & up to h] la/ season4 ,( late ye>s1 at lea/1 ,madame ,grisi has %[n h]self above all a passionate s+]1 ?\gh z accompli%$ arti/s sup]ior to h]1 if n 9 =ce at lea/ 9 delicacy ( expression1 %e has1 f ! "t ( ,madame ,sontag to t ( ,madame ,bosio1 _h pl5ty ( sup]iors4 ,x seems to u1 9 ! pres5t day1 t ! incontrollable passionate feel+ ( ,grisi1 is j :at we admire h] = 9 ,norma1 beyond d\bt h] be/ "*2 b x is none ! less int]e/+1 or p]haps ! m int]e/+ = t v reason1 to "k :at a man ( ta/e 9 poetry & ! drama1 & :o _h he>d all ! be/ s+]s ( 8 "t1 ?\ght ( ,madame ,grisi at a p]iod :5 h] mo/ /rik+ qualifications may h be5 diff]5t f :at !y are n[4 ,%e 0 at all ev5ts a great s+] & actress !n1 9 #ahcc1 & is a great actress & s+] n[1 9 #ahfa--! ye> ( h] f9al retirem5t f ! /age4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,ross9i--,,spohr--,,bee?ov5--,,web] ,,& ,,h(fmann4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ross9i4 ,bell9i & ,donizetti 7 contempor>ies ( ,ross9i2 s 7 ,paisiello & ,cim>osa2 s are ,m4 ,v]di & ,m4 ,mey]be]2 b ,ross9i has outliv$ mo/ ( !m1 & w c]ta9ly outlive !m all4 ,x is n[ =ty-eight ye>s s9ce ,tancr$i1 =ty-five s9ce ,otello1 & =ty-five s9ce ,il ,b>bi]e di ,siviglia 7 writt54 ,) ! exception ( ,cim>osa's ,matrimonio ,segretto1 :i* at long int]vals may /ill occasionally be he>d1 ! works ( ,ross9i's ,italian pr$ecessors h be5 ?r[n into utt] obscurity by ! light ( 8 sup]ior g5ius4 ,let u make all due all[ances = su* *ange ( ta/e z mu/ result 9 music1 z 9 all ?+s1 f ! natural *angeabl5ess ( ! human disposition2 /ill no v>iation has tak5 place 9 ! e/imation 9 :i* ,ross9i's works are held4 ,x 0 to be expect$ t a musician ( equal g5ius1 com+ aft] ,paisiello & 8 compe]s1 "y & vigor\s1 :5 !y 7 old & exhau/$1 w\ld 9 "t completely eclipse !m1 ev5 9 respect to ^? works :i* !y _h writt5 9 _! be/ days2 b ! rem>kable ?+ is1 t ,ross9i s re-modell$ ,italian op]a1 & gave to ! _w s _m admirable examples ( 8 own new /yle1 t to op]a-go]s ( ! la/ ?irty ye>s he may be said to be ! mo/ anci5t ( ^? ,italian compos]s :o are n absolutely =gott54 ,at ! same "t1 aft] he>+ ,william ,tell1 x is impossible to d5y t ,ross9i is also ! mo/ mod]n ( op]atic compos]s4 ,t is to say1 t s9ce ,william ,tell 0 produc$1 upw>ds ( ?irty ye>s ago1 ! art ( writ+ dramatic music has n advanc$ a /ep4 ,o!r compos]s h writt5 admirable op]as dur+ ,ross9i's "t2 b if no ,italian op]a s]ia1 produc$ prior to ,otello1 c be comp>$ to ,otello2 if no op]a1 subsequ5t to ,william ,tell1 c be rank$ on a level ) ,william ,tell2 if rivals h aris51 & ,ross9i's op]as ( five-&-=ty ye>s ago /ill cont9ue to be admir$ & applaud$2 above all1 if a s+]1#ajc ! fav\rite h]o9e ( a compos]#ajd :o is s boa/fully mod]n t he fancies he belongs to ! next age1 & :o is no?+ if n an innovator2 if ev5 ?is ultra mod]n h]o9e appe>s1 :5 %e wi%es really to di/+ui% h]self 9 a ,ross9ian op]a ( #ahac2aje !n x foll[s t ( our actual op]atic p]iod1 & dat+ f ! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t c5tury1 ,ross9i is simply ! ,alpha & ! ,omega4 ,und\bt$ly 8 works are full ( beauty1 gaiety1 life1 & ( mu* poetry ( a positive1 passionate k9d1 b !y are want+ 9 spiritualism1 or r !y d n possess spirituality1 & exhibit none ( ! poetry ( romance4 ,x w\ld be difficult to say precisely 9 :at ! romantic consi/s2--& ,i am "h rem9d$ t sev]al ,fr5* writ]s h spok5 ( ,ross9i z a compos] ( ! romantic s*ool1 simply 7z ,i imag9e7 because 8 works atta9$ great popul>ity 9 ,france at ! same "t z ^? ( ,victor ,hugo & 8 foll[]s1 & because he gave ! same ext5sion to ! op]a :i* ! cultivators & naturalis]s 9 ,france ( ! ,%akspe>ian drama gave1 aft] ,ross9i1 to _! plays4#ajf ,i may safely say1 h[ev]1 t ) ! romantic1 z an elem5t ( poetry1 we always associate some:at ( melan*oly & vagu5ess1 & ( dream9ess1 if n ( actual my/]y4 ,a bright passionate love-song ( ,ross9i's is no m romantic ?an is a magnific5t summ]'s day "u an ,italian sky2 b ,s*ub]t's well kn[n ,s]5ade is ess5tially romantic2 & ,s*ub]t1 z well z ,h(fmann1 7a compos] ( :om ,i %all aft]w>ds h a few words to say71 is decid$ly ( ! same s*ool z ,web]1 :o is aga9 ( ! same s*ool1 or r ( ! same class1 z ,s*ub]t & ,bee?ov51 9 s f> t n "o ( ! ?ree ev] visit$ ,italy1 or 0 influ5c$1 fur!r ?an 0 absolutely inevitable1 by ,italian compos]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,spohr4 ,z a romantic compos] ,web] may almo/ be said to /& alone4 ,z a ?or\ghly ,g]man compos] he belongs to ! same class z ,bee?ov5 & ,spohr4 ,spohr1 greatly z 8 symphonies & *amb] compositions are admir$1 has yet nev] e/abli%$ himself 9 public fav\r z an op]atic compos]--at lea/ n 9 ,engl&1 nor inde$ any:]e out ( ,g]many4 ,i may add1 t 9 ,g]many itself1 ! l& above all o!rs ( sci5tific music1 ! works :i* keep possession ( ! /age are1 = ! mo/ "p1 ^? :i* ! public also love to applaud 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,! tru? is1 t ! success ( an op]a is seldom 9 proportion to its ab/ract musical m]it1 j z ! success ( a drama does n dep5d1 or dep5ds b v little1 on ! mann] 9 :i* x is writt54 ,we h se5 plays by ,br[n+1 ,taylor 7,i mean ! au?or ( ,philip ,von ,artevelde71 ,leigh ,hunt1 & o!r mo/ di/+ui%$ writ]s1 prove failures2 :ile dramas & com$ies put toge!r by actors & playwrights h met ) great success4 ,?is success is n to be und]valu$2 all ,i mean to say is1 t x is n necess>ily ga9$ by ! be/ writ]s 9 ! drama1 or by ! be/ compos]s 9 ! op]a2 ?\gh ! be/ compos]s & ! be/ writ]s ought to take c>e to a*ieve x 9 e dep>tm5t 9 :i* !y pres5t !mselves4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 ,spohr's dramatic works1 ) all _! beauties1 h nev] tak5 root 9 ?is c\ntry2 :ile ev5 ,bee?ov5's ,fidelio1 "o ( ! greate/ ( op]as1 does n occupy any cle>ly m>k$ space 9 ! hi/ory ( op]a2 nor is x z an op]atic compos] t ,bee?ov5 has ga9$ 8 imm5se celebrity4 ,sid5ote3 ,,bee?ov54 ,all ,london op]a-go]s rememb] ,mademoiselle ,sophie ,cruvelli's admirable p]=mance 9 ,fidelio2 & l ,mademoiselle ,cruvelli 7or ,cruwel71 all ! great ,g]man s+]s :o h visit$ ,engl&--) ! s+le exception ( ,mademoiselle ,titi5s--h "s "t or o!r play$ ! "p ( ! h]o9e 9 ,bee?ov5's fam\s dramatic "w3 b ,fidelio has nev] be5 translat$ into ,engli% or ,fr5*1--has nev] be5 play$ by any ?or\ghly ,italian company1 & admir$1 z x mu/ always be by musicians--nor has ev] excit$ any great en?usiasm among ! ,engli% public1 except :5 x has be5 execut$ by an entire company ( ,g]mans1--! only p :o c d ju/ice to its magnific5t *oruses4 ,x is a "w ap>t 9 m ?an "o s5se1 & x has n _h t p]ceptible influ5ce on ! works :i* h succe$$ x1 ei!r 9 ,g]many or 9 o!r c\ntries1 t has be5 ex]cis$ by ,web]'s op]as 9 ,g]many1 & by ,ross9i's ev]y:]e4 ,= full p>ticul>s respect+ ,bee?ov5 & 8 ?ree /yles1 & ,fidelio & its ?ree ov]tures1 ! read] may be ref]r$ to ! works publi%$ at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh by ,m4 ,l5z 9 #aheb 7,bee?ov5 et ses trois /yles71 at ,cobl5tz1 by ,dr4 ,wegel] & ,f]d9& ,ries 9 #ahch1 & at ,mun/]1 by ,s*9dl] 7t fri5d ( ,bee?ov5's1 :o1 accord+ to ! malici\s ,he9e1 wrote ,ami de ,bee?ov5 on 8 c>d71 9 #ahde4 ,s*9dl]'s book is ! s\rse ( ne>ly all ! biographical p>ticul>s s9ce publi%$ respect+ ,bee?ov52 t ( ,m4 ,l5z is *iefly rem>kable = ! inflat$ nons5se x conta9s 9 ! %ape ( criticism4 ,?us ,bee?ov5's ?ird /yle is said to be un jugem5t port sur le cosmos huma91 et non plus une p>ticipation ses impressions1--words :i*1 ,i confess1 ,i d n "k h[ to r5d] into intelligible ,engli%4 ,8 symphonies 9 g5]al are ev5ts ( univ]sal hi/ory r ?an musical productions ( m or less m]it4 ,^? :o h read ,m4 ,l5z's extravagant production1 w rememb] t he attacks "h & !re ,m4 ,oulibi*eff1 au?or ( ! ,life ( ,moz>t1 publi%$ at ,mosc[ 9 #ahdd4 ,m4 ,oulibi*eff repli$ 9 a "w devot$ specially to ,bee?ov5 7& to ,m4 ,l5z71 publi%$ at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh 9 #ahed2ajg 9 :i* he is said by our be/ critics n to h done full ju/ice to ,bee?ov51 ?\gh he well ma9ta9s 8 ass]tion2 an ass]tion :i* appe>s to me q unassailable1 t ! compos] ( ,don ,juan comb9$ all ! m]its ( all ! s*ools :i* _h prec$$ him4 ,i h already endeav\r$1 9 m ?an "o place1 to impress ?is tru? ^u su* ( my read]s z might n be suffici5tly s5sible ( x1 & moreov]1 t all ! important op]atic re=ms attribut$ to ! successors ( ,moz>t1 & especially to ,ross9i1 belong to ,moz>t himself1 :o f 8 em95ce dom9ates equally ov] ! pres5t & ! pa/4 ,sid5ote3 ,,borr[$ ,,!mes4 ,k>l ,m>ia von ,web] has _h a v diff]5t influ5ce on ! op]a f t ex]cis$ by ,bee?ov5 & ,spohr2 & s mu* ( 8 me?od ( op]atic composition z c\ld easily be imitat$ has f\nd abundance ( imitators4 ,?us ,web]'s plan ( tak+ ! pr9cipal melodies = 8 ov]tures f ! op]as :i* !y are to prec$e1 has be5 v g5]ally foll[$2 s also has 8 sy/em ( introduc+ national airs1 m or less modifi$1 :5 8 great object is to give to 8 "w a national col\r4#ajh ,?is process1 :i* produces admirable results 9 ! h&s ( a compos] ( intellig5ce & ta/e1 becomes1 :5 adopt$ by inf]ior musicians1 simply a conv5i5t mode ( plagi>ism4 ,)\t = "o mom5t rank+ ,ross9i1 ,bell9i1 or ,donizetti 9 ! latt] class1 ,i may nev]!less obs]ve1 t ! cavat9a ( ,la ,gazza ,ladra is f\nd$ on an air sung by ! peasants ( ,sicily2 t ! melody ( ! trio 9 ! ,b>b] ( ,seville 7,zitti1 ,zitti71 is ,simon's air 9 ! ,seasons1 note = note2 t ,di tanti palpiti 0 orig9ally a ,roman ,ca?olic hymn2 t ! music ( ,la ,sonnambula is full ( rem9isc5ces ( ! popul> music ( ,sicily2 & t ,donizetti has also _h rec\rse to national airs = ! tunes ( 8 *oruses 9 ,la ,favorite4 ,9 ! above in/ances1 :i* might easily be multipli$ ! compos]s seem to me r to h suit$ _! own p]sonal conv5i5ce1 ?an to h aim$ at giv+ any p>ticul> col\r to _! works4 ,h[ev] t may be1 ,i feel oblig$ to !m = my "p = hav+ br\ght to light beautiful melodies1 :i* b = !m might h rema9$ 9 obscurity1 z ,i also d to ,haydn1 ,moz>t1 ,bee?ov51 & ,m5delssohn1 = ! admirable use !y also h occasionally made ( popul> !mes4 ,x appe>s to me1 h[ev]1 7to speak n[ ( op]atic compos]s alone7 t !re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 borr[+ an air f an oratorio1 a collection ( national music1 or any o!r s\rce1 simply because x happ5s to be beautiful1 & do+ s because x is appropriate to a p>ticul> p]sonage or sc5e4 ,we may n blame1 b we _c praise ,ross9i = tak+ a melody ( ,haydn's = 8 ,zitti1 ,zitti1 in/ead ( inv5t+ "o = himself2 nor 0 !re any p>ticul> m]it1 except t ( civility1 9 giv+ ,b]ta1 9 ! same op]a1 a ,russian air to s+1 :i* ,ross9i _h he>d at ! h\se ( a ,russian lady resid+ at ,rome1 = :om he _h a c]ta9 admiration4 ,b ! ,ranz des ,va*es1 introduc$ ) su* admirable effect into ,guillaume ,tell1 :]e x is m>vell\sly embelli%$1 & yet loses no?+ ( its orig9al "*2 ?is ,ranz des ,va*es at once transports u among/ ! ,swiss m\nta9s4 ,s ,lu!r's hymn is 9 its prop] place 9 ! ,hugu5ots2#aji s is ! ,p]sian air1 made ! subject ( a *orus ( ,p]sian beauties by ! ,russian compos] ,gl9ka1 9 8 ,r\slan e ,l\dmila2 s also is ! ,arabian m>* 7fir/ publi%$ by ,niebuhr 9 8 ,travels 9 ,arabia71 play$ beh9d ! sc5es by ! gu>ds ( ! s]aglio 9 ,ob]on1 & ! old ,spani% romance employ$ z ! f\ndation to ! ov]ture ( ,preciosa4 ,sid5ote3 ,,web]4 ,web] _h a fondness n only = c]ta9 in/rum5tal comb9ations & h>monic effects1 b also = p>ticul> in/rum5ts1 su* z ! cl>ionet & ! horn1 & p>ticul> *ords 7:i* caus$ ,bee?ov5 to say t ,web]'s ,euryan! 0 a collection ( dim9i%$ sev5?s74 ,!re are c]ta9 rhy?ms too1 :i*1 if ,web] did n absolutely inv5t1 he has employ$ s happily1 & has %[n su* a m>k$ lik+ = !m 7n only 9 8 op]as1 b also 9 8 pian(orte compositions1 & o!r in/rum5tal works71 t !y may almo/ be said to belong to him4 ,) reg>d to ! or*e/ral portion ( 8 op]as g5]ally1 ,i may rem>k t ,web]1 ?\gh too high-s\l$ a poet to fall into ! error ( direct imitation ( ext]nal noises1 has yet be5 able to sugge/ mo/ *>m+ly & poetically1 su* vague natural s\nds z ! ru/l+ ( ! leaves ( ! =e/1 & ! murmur+ ( ! waves ( ! sea4 ,f9ally1 to speak ( :at defies analysis1 b to ass]t :at e "o :o has li/5$ to ,web]'s music w ,i ?9k admit1 8 music is full ( t ideality & spirituality :i* 9 lit]ature is reg>d$ 9 ! pres5t day1 if n z ! absolute ess5ce ( poetry1 at lea/1 z "o ( its mo/ ess5tial elem5ts4 ,read ,web]'s life1 /udy 8 lett]s1 li/5 aga9 & aga9 to 8 music1 & y w f9d t he 0 a consci5ti\s1 dutiful1 religi\s man1 ) a ?or\ghly musical organization1 great imag9ative p[]s1 inexhau/ible t5d]ness1 & a deep1 intuitive appreciation ( all t is mo/ beautiful 9 popul> leg5ds4 ,he 0 an arti/ ( ! highe/ ord]1 & ) him art 0 truly a religion4 ,he believ$ 9 its ennobl+ effect1 & t x 0 to be us$ only = ennobl+ purposes4 ,?us1 to h dep>t$ f ! poetic exig5cies ( a subject to gratify ! caprice ( a s+]1 or to atta9 ! mom5t>y applause ( ! public w\ld1 to ,web]1 ) ! fai? he held1 h be5 a h]esy & a crime4 ,web] has n precisely f\nd$ a s*ool1 b 8 influ5ce is p]ceptible 9 "s ( ! works ( ,m5delssohn1 7z1 = in/ance1 9 ! ov]ture to a ,midsumm] ,night's ,dream7 & 9 _m portions ( ,mey]be]'s op]as1 especially 9 ! fanta/ic music ( ,rob]t le ,diable1 & 9 c]ta9 passages ( ,d9orah--a leg5d :i* ,web] himself w\ld h lov$ to treat4 ,mey]be] is said to h borr[$ _m ( 8 in/rum5tal comb9ations f ,web]2 b 9 speak+ ( ! po9ts ( resemblance betwe5 ! two compos]s1 ,i 0 ?9k+ n ( details ( /yle1 b ( ! g5]al influ5ce ( ,web]'s ?\ght & mann]4 ,if ,aub] is indebt$ to ,web] x is simply = ! idea ( mak+ ! ov]ture out ( ! airs ( an op]a1 & ( col\r+ ! melodic portion by ! introduction ( national airs4 ,only :ile ,web] gives to 8 op]as a becom+ national or poetic col\r ?r\gh\t1 ! musical t9ts 9 ,m4 ,aub]'s dramatic works are (t5 by no means 9 h>mony4 ,! ,italian airs 9 ,la ,muette are appropriate en\gh1 & ! :ole ( t "w is 9 good keep+2 b 9 ! ,dom9o ,noir1 *>m+ op]a z x is1 no "o c help notic+ t ,spani% songs1 & songs ess5tially ,fr5*1 foll[ "o ano!r 9 ! mo/ abrupt mann]4 ,z no?+ c be m ,spani% ?an ! second movem5t ( ,angle's sc5e 79 ! ?ird act7 s no?+ c be m ,fr5*1 m ,p>isian1 m vaudevilli/ic ?an ! fir/4 ,sid5ote3 ,,d] ,,freis*,,tz4 ,b to return to ,web] & 8 op]as4 ,d] ,freis*tz1 decid$ly ! mo/ important ( all ,web]'s works1 & :i* expresses 9 a m rem>kable mann] ?an any o!r ( 8 dramatic productions ! natural b5t ( 8 g5ius1 0 p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t at ,b]l9 9 #ahba4 ,euryan! 0 produc$ at ,vi5na 9 #ahbc1 & ,ob]on at ,london 9 #ahbf4 ,d] ,freis*tz is c]ta9ly ! mo/ p]fect ,g]man op]a t exi/s2 n t x is a sup]ior "w to ,don ,giovanni1 b t ,don ,giovanni is less a ,g]man ?an a univ]sal op]a2 :]eas ,d] ,freis*tz is ess5tially ( ,g]many1 by its subject1 by ! physiognomy ( ! p]sonages introduc$1 & by ! g5]al "* ( ! music4 ,!re is ?is resemblance1 h[ev]1 betwe5 ,don ,giovanni & ,d] ,freis*tz3 t 9 ea* ! compos] _h met ) a libretto peculi>ly suit$ to 8 g5ius--! libretti/ hav+ fir/ conceiv$ ! plan ( ! op]a1 & hav+ long c>ri$ its g]m 9 8 m9d4 ,lor5zo da ,ponte1 9 8 memoirs 7( :i* an int]e/+ acc\nt 0 publi%$ "s ye>s ago by ,m4 ,scudo1 ! accompli%$ critic ( ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes7 /ates1 t he _h long ?\ght ( ,don ,juan z an admirable subject = an op]a1 ( :i* he felt ! poetic tru?fulness only too well1 f reflect+ on 8 own c>e]2 & t he sugge/$ x to ,moz>t1 n only because he appreciat$ t compos]'s high dramatic g5ius1 b also because he _h /udi$ 8 m5tal & moral nature2 & saw1 f 8 simplicity1 8 l(t9ess ( "*1 & 8 rev]5tial1 religi\s disposition1 t he w\ld d full ju/ice to ! m>vell\s leg5d4 ,fr$]ic ,k9d has also publi%$ a little volume 7,d] ,freis*tz-,bu*71 9 :i* he expla9s h[ ! circum/ances ( 8 life l$ him to m$itate f an e>ly age on su* leg5ds z t :i* ,web] has treat$ 9 8 ma/]-piece4 ,:5 ,web] 0 introduc$ to ,k9d1 he 0 kn[n z ! director ( ! ,op]a at ,prague1 & also1 & above all1 z ! compos] ( num]\s popul> & patriotic *oruses1 :i* 7 sung by all ,g]many dur+ ! national w> ( #ahac4 ,he _h n at ?is "t produc$ any op]a2 nor _h ,k9d1 a poet ( "s reputation1 ev] writt5 ! libretto ( "o4 ,k9d 0 unwill+ at fir/ to attempt a /yle 9 :i* he did n feel at all sure ( success4 ,"o day1 h[ev]1 tak+ up a book1 he said to ,web]3 ,!re ought to be "s ?+ "h t w\ld suit u1 & especially y1 :o h already treat$ popul> subjects4 ,he at ! same "t h&$ to ! musician a collection ( leg5ds1 direct+ 8 att5tion 9 p>ticul> to ,apel's ,freis*tz4 ,web]1 :o already knew ! /ory1 0 delight$ ) ! sugge/ion4 ,div9e6 div9e6 he exclaim$ ) en?usiasm2 & ! poet at once comm5c$ 8 libretto4 ,sid5ote3 ,,d] ,,freis*,,tz4 ,no great "w ev] obta9$ a m complete & imm$iate triumph ?an ,d] ,freis*tz2 & )9 a few ye>s ( its production at ,b]l9 x 0 translat$ & re-produc$ 9 all ! pr9cipal capitals ( ,europe4 ,x 0 play$ at ,london 9 ,engli%1 at ,p>is 9 ,fr5*1 & at bo? cities 9 ,g]man4 ,9 ,london x became s popul>1 t at ! height ( its fir/ success a g5tleman1 9 adv]tis+ = a s]vant1 is said to h f\nd x necess>y to /ipulate t he %\ld n be able to :i/le ! airs f ,d] ,freis*tz4 ,9 ,p>is1 its fate 0 curi\s1 & 9 "s respects almo/ inexplicable4 ,x 0 br\ght out 9 #ahbd at ! ,odon1 9 its orig9al =m1 & 0 hiss$4 ,:e!r ! intellig5t ,fr5* audi5ce object$ to ! und5iable improbability ( ! *ief incid5ts 9 ! drama1 or :e!r ! orig9ality ( ! music (f5d$ _! unprep>$ e>s1 or :atev] may h be5 ! cause1 ,web]'s ma/]-piece 0 damn$4 ,its translator1 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 )drew x1 b det]m9$ to (f] x to ! critical public ( ! ,odon 9 ano!r =m4 ,he did n hesitate to remodel ,d] ,freis*tz1 *ang+ ! ord] ( ! pieces1 cutt+ out su* beauties z ! ,fr5* ?\ght laughable1 int]polat+ "h & !re su* compositions ( 8 own z he ?\ght w\ld please !m1 & f9ally pres5t+ !m ?is rem>kable m$ley 7:i*1 h[ev]1 /ill consi/$ ma9ly ( airs & *oruses by ,web]7 n9e days aft] ! failure ( ,d] ,freis*tz1 "u ! title ( ,rob9 des ,bois4 ,! op]a1 z decompos$ & recompos$ by ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 0 s successful1 t x 0 repres5t$ ?ree hundr$ & fifty-sev5 times at ! ,odon4 ,moreov]1 x _h already be5 play$ sixty times at ! ,opra ,comique1 :5 ! ,fr5* ,dramatic ,au?ors' ,society int]f]$ to prev5t its fur!r repres5tation at t !atre1 on ! gr\nd t x _h n be5 specially writt5 = x4 ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 9 ! v]sion he has himself publi%$ ( ?is curi\s affair1 tells u1 t 8 fir/ v]sion ( ,d] ,freis*tz1 9 :i* 8 respect = ! "w & ! au?or _h prev5t$ him f mak+ ! lea/ *ange 0 siffl1 meurtri1 baf\1 navr1 moqu1 conspu1 turlup91 hu1 vilip5di1 t]rass1 d*ir1 lacr1 cruellem5t enfonc1 jusqu'au troisime dess\s4 ,?is1 & ! aft] success ( 8 modifi$ v]sion1 ju/ifi$ him1 he ?9ks1 9 depriv+ ,web]'s "w ( all its poetry1 & r$uc+ x to ! level ( ! compreh5sion ( a ,fr5* musical audi5ce 9 ! ye> #ahbd4 ,/rangely en\gh1 :5 ,b]lioz's v]sion ( ,d] ,freis*tz 0 produc$ at ! ,acadmie 9 #ahda1 x met ) sc>cely m success ?an _h be5 obta9$ by ,d] ,freis*tz 9 its orig9al musical =m at ! ,odon4 ,! recitatives add$ by ,m4 ,b]lioz1 if n objectionable 9 !mselves1 are at lea/ to be condemn$ 9 s f> t !y are n ,web]'s1 t !y prolong ! music beyond ,web]'s int5tions1 &1 above all1 t !y *ange ! entire "* ( ! "w4 ,i _c ?9k1 aft] ,mey]be]'s ,d9orah1 t recitative is an inappropriate language 9 ! m\?s ( peasants4 ,recitative ( an h]oic "*1 w\ld be s1 no d\bt2 b n su* z a compos] ( g5ius1 or ev5 ( ta/e or tal5t1 w\ld write = !m4 ,nev]!less1 ,web] conceiv$ 8 ma/]-piece z a species ( melodrama1 9 :i* ! p]sonages 7 n[ to s+1 n[ to speak1 ?r\gh ! music1 7to adopt an expressive !atrical phrase71 n[ to speak )\t any musical accompanim5t at all4 ,if1 at a !atre devot$ exclusively to ! p]=mance ( gr& op]a1 x is absolutely necess>y to replace ! spok5 dialogue by recitative1 !n ?is dialogue %\ld1 at lea/1 be s compress$ z to r$uce ! am\nt ( add$ recitative to a m9imum quantity4 ,d] ,freis*tz1 h[ev]1 w always be he>d to ! greate/ advantage 9 ! =m 9 :i* x 0 orig9ally produc$4 ,! pauses betwe5 ! pieces ( music h1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 be5 all prem$itat$1 & _! effect tak5 into acc\nt by ! compos]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,d] ,,freis*,,tz4 ,b ! trans=mations ( ,d] ,freis*tz are n yet at an end4 ,six ye>s ago ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze re-arrang$ 8 ,rob9 des ,bois once m1 re/or$ :at he _h previ\sly cut out1 cut out :at he _h himself add$ to ,web]'s music1 & produc$ 8 v]sion1 ,no4 #c 7:i* mu/ h diff]$ v little1 if at all1 f 8 un=tunate v]sion1 ,no4 #a71 at ! ,?tre ,lyrique4 ,e season1 too1 x is rum\r$ t ,d] ,freis*tz is to be produc$ at "o ( ! ,italian !atres ( ,london1 ) ,mademoiselle ,titi5s or ,madame ,csillag 9 ! pr9cipal "p4 ,:5 manag]s are tir$ ( tir+ ! public ) p]petual v>iations betwe5 ,v]di & ,mey]be]1 7to ^: mon/r\sly long op]as my sole b suffici5t objection is1 t !re is too mu* ( !m1 &--) ! exception ( ! *>m+ ,d9orah--t !y are /uff$ full ( ballets1 processions1 & o!r pretexts = unnecess>y sc5ic display71 !n we %all assur$ly h an opportunity ( he>+ once m 9 ,engl& ! ma/]piece ( ! *ief ( all ! compos]s ( ! romantic & leg5d>y s*ool4 ,9 su* a case1 :o w supply ! necess>y recitatives8 ,^? ( ,m4 ,b]lioz h be5 tri$1 & f\nd want+4 ,mr4 ,co/a's 7 n a :it m satisfactory4 ,m4 ,al>y1 ! mutilator ( ,don ,giovanni1 w\ld surely n be enc\rag$ to try 8 h& on ,web]'s ma/]piece8 ,mey]be]1 betwe5 ^: g5ius & t ( ,web]1 consid]able aff9ity exi/s1 is1 p]haps1 ! only compos] ( ! pres5t day :om x w\ld be wor? :ile to ask to write recitatives = ,d] ,freis*tz4 ,! additions w\ld h to be made ) great discretion1 s z n to encumb] ! op]a2 b :o w\ld v5ture to give a ^w ( advice1 if ! "w 7 und]tak5 by ,m4 ,mey]be]8 ,web]'s ,preciosa 0 produc$ at ,b]l9 9 #ahbj1 a ye> be=e ,d] ,freis*tz1 :i* latt] op]a appe>s to h occupi$ its compos] f\r ye>s--und\bt$ly ! f\r ye>s be/ sp5t ( all 8 arti/ic life4 ,! libretto ( ,preciosa is f\nd$ on ,c]vantes' ,gipsy ( ,madrid1 7( :i* ,m4 ,l\is ,vi>dot has publi%$ an excell5t ,fr5* translation72 & "h ,web]1 fai?ful to 8 sy/em has giv5 abundant col\r to 8 "w1 9 :i* ! ,spani% romance introduc$ into ! ov]ture1 & ! ,gipsies' m>* are1 ) ! waltz 7:i* may be said to be 9 ,web]'s p]sonal /yle71 ! mo/ /rik+ & *>act]i/ic pieces4 ,sid5ote3 ,,euryan!4 ,euryan! 0 writt5 = ,vi5na1 :]e x 0 repres5t$ = ! fir/ "t 9 #ahbc1 ! "p ( ,euryan! be+ fill$ by ,mademoiselle ,sontag1 t ( ,adol>1 by ,heitz+]4 ,! libretto ( ?is op]a1 compos$ by a lady1 ,madame ,wilhelm9e de ,*zy is by no means int]e/+1 & ! dulness ( ! poem1 ?\gh c]ta9ly n communicat$ to ! music1 has caus$ ! latt] to suff] f ! m]e fact ( be+ atta*$ to x4 ,euryan! 0 receiv$ coldly by ! public ( ,vi5na1 & 0 call$ by its wits--pr(essors ( ! calemb\rg d'-peu-prs--,ennuyante4 ,if su* faceti\sness z ?is 0 ?\ght enliv5+1 x is easy to und]/& h[ ,web]'s music 0 consid]$ ! rev]se4 ,i h already m5tion$ ,bee?ov5's rem>k ab\t ,euryan! be+ a collection ( dim9i%$ sev5?s4 ,web] 0 naturally n en*ant$ ) ?is obs]vation2 inde$ x is said to h pa9$ him exce$+ly1 & "s days aft] ! fir/ production ( ,euryan! he paid a visit to ,bee?ov51 9 ord] to submit ! score to 8 judgm5t4 ,bee?ov5 receiv$ him k9dly1 b said to him1 ) a c]ta9 r\ghness :i* 0 habitual to him3 ,y %\ld h come to me be=e ! repres5tation1 n aft]w>ds4444 ,nev]!less1 he add$1 ,i advise y to treat ,euryan! z ,i did ,fidelio2 t is to say1 cut out a ?ird4 ,euryan!1 h[ev]1 soon met ) ! success x des]v$1 n only at ,b]l91 ,dresd51 & ,leipzig1 b at ,vi5na itself1 :]e ! "p creat$ by ,mademoiselle ,sontag 0 p]=m$ 9 #ahbe by ,madame ,s*rd]-,devri5t1 9 a mann] :i* excit$ g5]al en?usiasm4 ,! passionate duet betwe5 ,adol> & ,euryan!1 9 ! second act1 z sung by ,heitz+] & ,madame ,s*rd]1 w\ld alone h suffic$ to attract ! public ( ,vi5na to ,web]'s op]a1 n[ t x 0 reviv$4 ,ob]on1 ,web]'s la/ op]a1 0 compos$ = ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,!atre1 9 #ahbf4 ,"s +5i\s depreciators ( ,engli% ta/e h discov]$ t ,web] di$ f grief1 caus$ by ! coldness ) :i* ?is "w 0 receiv$ by ! ,london public4 ,) reg>d to ?is subject1 ,i _c d bett] ?an quote ! excell5t rem>ks ( ,m4 ,scudo4 ,aft] m5tion+ t ,ob]on 0 receiv$ ) en?usiasm on its fir/ production at ,cov5t ,g>d5--t x 0 appreciat$ by ^? :o 7 wor?y ( compreh5d+ x--& t an ,engli% musical j\rnal1 ! ,h>monicon1 publi%$ a rem>kable article1 9 :i* all ! beauties ( ! score 7 br\ght out ) great ta/e1 he obs]ves t x is impossible to quote an in/ance ( a great man 9 lit]ature1 or 9 ! arts1 ^: m]it 0 entirely ov]look$ by 8 contempor>ies2 :ile1 z = ! dea? ( ,web]1 x may be expla9$ by fatigue1 by grief1 )\t d\bt1 b1 above all1 by an organic disease1 f :i* he _h suff]$ = ye>s4 ,at ! same "t ! en?usiasm exhibit$ by ! public1 at ! fir/ repres5tation ( ,ob]on1 did n keep at ! same height at ! foll[+ repres5tations4 ,! ma/]-piece ( ! ,g]man compos] exp]i5c$ mu* ! same fate z ,william ,tell 9 ,p>is4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ob]on4 ,web] himself1 9 a lett] writt5 to 8 wife1 on ! v night ( ! fir/ p]=mance1 says3--,my de> ,l9a2 ?anks to ,god & to 8 all p[]ful w1 ,i obta9$ ?is ev5+ ! greate/ success 9 my life4 ,! emotion produc$ 9 my brea/ by su* a triumph1 is m ?an ,i c describe4 ,to ,god alone belongs ! glory4 ,:5 ,i ent]$ ! or*e/ra1 ! h\se1 cramm$ to ! ro(1 bur/ into a fr5zy ( applause4 ,hats & h&k]*iefs 7 wav$ 9 ! air4 ,! ov]ture _h to be execut$ twice1 z _h also sev]al ( ! pieces 9 ! op]a itself4 ,! air :i* ,braham s+s 9 ! fir/ act 0 encor$2 s 0 ,fatima's romance1 & a qu>tett 9 ! second act4 ,! public ev5 wi%$ to he> ! f9ale ov] aga94 ,9 ! ?ird act1 ,fatima's ballad 0 re-dem&$4 ,at ! end ( ! repres5tation ,i 0 call$ on to ! /age by ! en?usia/ic acclamations ( ! public1 an hon\r :i* no compos] _h ev] be=e obta9$ 9 ,engl&4 ,all w5t excell5tly1 & e "o ar\nd me 0 happy4 ,9 spite ( ! en?usiasm inspir$ by ,web]'s works 9 ,engl&1 :5 !y 7 fir/ produc$1 & = "s ye>s aft]w>ds1 we h n[ b r>ely an opportunity ( he>+ "o ( !m4 ,ob]on1 x is true1 0 br\ght out at ,h] ,maje/y's ,!atre at ! end ( la/ season1 :51 n be+ able to a*ieve miracles1 x did n save ! manag] f bankruptcy2 b ! exi/5ce ( ,web]'s o!r works seems to be =gott5 by our directors1 ,engli% z well z ,italian1 ?\gh f "t to "t a rum\r goes ab\t1 :i* proves to be a rum\r & no?+ m1 t ,d] ,freis*tz is to be p]=m$ by "o ( our ,italian companies4 ,9 ! mean:ile ,web] has f\nd an abundance ( appreciation 9 ,france1 :]e1 at ! ably & arti/ically-conduct$ ,?tre ,lyrique1 ,d] ,freis*tz1 ,ob]on1 ,euryan! & ,preciosa h all be5 br\ght out1 & p]=m$ ) rem>kable success dur+ ! la/ few ye>s4 ,a compos]1 ^: works pres5t _m po9ts ( analogy ) ^? ( ,web]1 & :i* !re=e belong ess5tially to ! ,g]man romantic s*ool1 is ,h(fmann--f> bett] kn[n by 8 tales ?an by 8 ,mis]]e1 8 ,requiem1 8 airs & *oruses = ,w]n]'s ,crusade ( ! ,baltic1 or 8 op]as ( ,love & ,jeal\sy1 ! ,canon ( ,milan1 or ,und9e4 ,?is la/ production has always be5 reg>d$ z 8 ma/]-piece4 ,inde$1 ) ,und9e1 ,h(fmann obta9$ 8 "o great musical success2 & x is easy to acc\nt = ! m>k$ fav\r ) :i* t "w 0 receiv$ 9 ,g]many4 ,9 ! fir/ place ! fanta/ic nature ( ! subject 0 em95tly suit$ to ! peculi> g5ius ( ! compos]4 ,!n he possess$ ! advantage ( hav+ an excell5t libretto1 writt5 by ,lamotte-,f\qu1 ! au?or ( ! orig9al tale2 &1 f9ally1 ! op]a 0 admirably execut$ at ! ,royal ,!atre ( ,b]l94 ,probably n "o ( my read]s has he>d ,h(fmann's ,und9e1 :i* 0 br\ght out 9 #ahag1 & ,i believe 0 nev] reviv$1 ?\gh mu* ( ! music1 = a "t1 enjoy$ consid]able popul>ity1 & ! composition1 z a :ole1 0 w>mly & publicly prais$ by no less a p]sonage ?an ,k>l ,m>ia von ,web] himself4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,und9e1 & ,h(fmann's music g5]ally1 h be5 condemn$ by ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 :o is report$ n to h be5 able to di/+ui% "o melody f ano!r1 ?\gh he _h1 ( c\rse1 a pr(\nd admiration = ,scot* ballads ( all k9ds4 ,m4 ,ftis1 too1 aft] in=m+ u t ,h(fmann gave music lessons1 pa9t$ enorm\s pictures1 & wrote lic5ti\s novels 7:]e are ,h(fmann's lic5ti\s novels87 )\t succe$+ 9 mak+ himself rem>k$ 9 any /yle1 goes on to assure u1 )\t ev] hav+ he>d ,und9e1 t al?\gh !re 7 c]ta9 p>ts 9 :i* g5ius 0 ev9c$1 yet want ( connexion1 ( con=mity1 ( conception1 & ( plan1 might be obs]v$ ?r\gh\t2 & t ! judgm5t ( ! be/ critics 01 t su* a "w c\ld n be class$ among ^? compositions :i* m>k an epo* 9 art4 ,sid5ote3 ,,h(fmann',s ,,und9e4 ,web] _h /udi$ criticism less p]haps ?an ,m4 ,ftis2 b he knew m ab\t creativ5ess1 & 9 an article on ! op]a ( ,und9e1 s f> f compla9+ ( any want ( connexion1 ( con=mity1 ( conception1 & ( plan1 ! au?or ( ,d] ,freis*tz says3 ,?is "w seems really to h be5 compos$ at "o inspiration1 & ,i d n rememb]1 aft] he>+ x sev]al times1 t any passage ev] recall$ me = a s+le m9ute f ! circle ( magic images t ! arti/ evok$ 9 my s\l4 ,yes1 f ! beg9n+ to ! end1 ! au?or su/a9s ! int]e/ s p[]fully1 by ! musical developm5t ( 8 !me1 t aft] b a s+le he>+ "o really seizes ! ensemble ( ! "w2 & detail disappe>s 9 ! navet & mode/y ( 8 art4 ,) r>e r5unciation1 su* z c be appreciat$ only by him :o kn[s :at x co/s to sacrifice ! triumph ( a mom5t>y success1 ,m4 ,h(fmann has disda9$ to enri* "s pieces at ! exp5se ( o!rs1 :i* x is s easy to d by giv+ !m an importance1 :i* does n belong to !m z memb]s ( ! entire "w4 ,! compos] always advances1 visibly guid$ by ?is "o aspiration--to be always tru?ful1 & keep up ! dramatic action )\t ceas+1 in/ead ( *eck+ or fett]+ x 9 its rapid progress4 ,div]se & /rongly m>k$ z are ! *>act]s ( ! diff]5t p]sonages1 !re is1 nev]!less1 some?+ :i* surr\nds !m all2 x is t fabul\s life1 full ( phantoms1 & ^? s(t :isp]+s ( t]ror1 :i* belong s peculi>ly to ! fanta/ic4 ,khleborn is ! "* mo/ /rik+ly put 9 relief1 bo? by ! *oice ( ! melodies1 & by ! in/rum5tation :i*1 nev] leav+ him1 always ann\nces 8 s9i/] approa*4#aaj ,?is is q "r1 ,khleborn appe>+1 if n z de/9y itself1 at lea/ z its appo9t$ in/rum5t4 ,aft] him comes ,und9e1 ! *>m+ daught] ( ! waves1 :i*1 made sonor\s1 n[ murmur & break 9 h>moni\s r\lades1 n[ p[]ful & comm&+1 ann\nce h] p[]4 ,! 'arietta' ( ! second act1 treat$ ) r>e & subtle grace1 seems to me a ?or\gh success1 & to r5d] ! "* p]fectly4 ',hildebr&1' s passionate1 yet full ( hesitation1 & all[+ himself to be c>ri$ away by ea* amor\s desire1 & ! pi\s & simple prie/1 ) 8 grave *oral melody1 are ! next 9 importance4 ,9 ! back-gr\nd are ,b]talda1 ! fi%]man1 & 8 wife1 & ! duke & du*ess4 ,! /ra9s sung by ! suite ( ! latt] brea! a joy\s1 animat$ life1 & are develop$ ) admirable gaiety2 ?us =m+ a contra/ ) ! sombre *oruses ( ! spirits ( ! e>? & wat]1 :i* are full ( h>%1 /range progressions4 ,! end ( ! op]a1 9 :i* ! compos] displays1 z if to cr[n 8 "w1 all 8 abundance ( h>mony 9 ! d\ble *orus 9 eight p>ts1 appe>s to me gr&ly conceiv$ & p]fectly r5d]$4 ,he has express$ ! words--'good night to all ! c>es & to all ! magnific5ce ( ! e>?'--) true l(t9ess1 & ) a s(t melan*oly1 :i*1 9 spite ( ! tragic conclusion ( ! piece1 leaves beh9d a delici\s impression ( calm & consolation4 ,! ov]ture & ! f9al *orus :i* enclose ! "w "h give "o ano!r ! h&4 ,! =m]1 :i* evokes & op5s ! _w ( wond]s1 comm5ces s(tly1 goes on increas+1 !n bur/s =? ) passion2 ! latt] is introduc$ )\t brusqu5ess1 b mixes up ) ! action1 & calms & satisfies x completely4 ,! entire "w is "o ( ! mo/ spiritual t ^! latt] times h giv5 u4 ,x is ! result ( ! mo/ p]fect & intimate compreh5sion ( ! subject1 complet$ by a s]ies ( ideas pr(\ndly reflect$ ^u1 & by ! intellig5t use ( all ! mat]ial res\rces ( art2 ! :ole r5d]$ into a magnific5t "w by beautiful & admirably develop$ melodies4 ,m4 ,b]lioz has said ( ,h(fmann's music1 add+1 h[ev]1 t he _h n he>d a note ( x1 t x 0 de la musique de littrateur4 ,m4 ,ftis1 hav+ he>d ab\t z mu* ( x1 has said a great deal m2 b1 aft] :at has be5 writt5 conc]n+ ,h(fmann's pr9cipal op]a by su* a ma/] & judge z ,k>l ,m>ia von ,web]1 nei!r ! op9ion ( ,m4 ,ftis1 nor ( ,m4 ,b]lioz1 c be ( any value on ! subject4 ,! m]it ( ,h(fmann's music has probably be5 d5i$1 because ! _w is n incl9$ to believe t ! same man c be a great writ] & also a great musician4 ,p]haps x is ?is p]v]sity ( human nature t makes u dispos$ to hold ,m4 ,b]lioz 9 s little e/eem z an au?or2 & ,i h no d\bt t !re are _m :o w\ld be equally unwill+ to all[ ,m4 ,ftis any tol]able rank z a compos]4 ,,index1 ,,hi/orical ,,& ,,biographical4 ,a4 ,abbaye ( ,long*amp1 ! great op]atic vocali/s engag$ at !1 ii4 #di4 ,academici5s1 ( ! ,p>is op]a1 ii4 #dg4 ,acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 ( ,p>is1 num]\s works produc$ at !1 i4 #ac1 #ad2 its in/itution1 #ae2 its sy/em ( conscription1 #gg2 privileges ( its memb]s1 #gg2 its /ate ( morality1 #ha1 #hb2 its absurd privileges1 #hf1 #hg2 its *ief s+]s1 #bbc2 op]atic di/urbances at !1 ii4 #cf-ch2 de/roy$ by fire1 #da2 managem5t & proce$+s ( !1 #ee2 prices = private boxes1 #ef2 effect ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution on !1 #ef et seq2 its *anges ( "n1 #eg1 #aid note2 ,op]a ,national sub/itut$1 #ei4 7,see ,,op]a74 ,academy ( ,music 7,see ,,royal ,,academy ,,( ,,music74 ,actor's ,remon/rance1 a tract1 i4 #ha4 ,actresses1 _! prodigality "u ! ,fr5* reg5cy1 i4 #hb1 #hc4 ,addison1 ,joseph1 on ! ,italian ,op]a 9 ,engl&1 i4 #ec-eh2 ! ju/ness ( 8 views on op]atic repres5tations1 #fb2 8 satirical rem>ks on ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 #ff2 on ! ,italian ,op]a1 #aac2 8 critique on ,nicol9i & ! lion1 #aah-abb2 8 humor\s critique on ,r9aldo & ! op]atic sp>r[s1 #abc-abf2 8 unfav\rable op9ion ( ,op]a1 #abg2 8 critique on ,milton1 #abh4 ,agui>i1 ,lucrezia1 ! vocali/1 i4 #ahh4 ,alb]t1 ! ,fr5* danc]1 ii4 #aaa1 #aab4 ,alboni1 ,madame1 ! ,italian vocali/1 ii4 #afb4 ,alg>otti's "w on ! ,op]a1 i4 #b4 ,almahide1 op]a (1 i4 #aag4 ,ambleto1 op]a (1 i4 #abg1 #abh4 ,ambrogetti1 ! celebrat$ b>itone1 ii4 #ajh2 ! fir/ p]=m] ( ,giovanni 9 ,london1 #ajh4 ,anna ,bol5a1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcb2 ! au?or's ma/]-piece1 #bcc4 ,antio*us1 op]a (1 i4 #abg4 ,anto9e de ,baif1 privileg$ to e/abli% an ,academy ( ,music1 i4 #ae4 ,antony ,wood1 on ! op]atic drama1 i4 #cg4 ,arbu?not1 ,dr41 on ! failure ( ,italian op]as1 i4 #adh4 ,ar*ilei1 ! celebrat$ s+]1 i4 #h4 ,arnauld1 ,abb1 8 passionate exclamation1 i4 #fd4 ,arnaud1 ,abbe1 an admir] ( ,gluck1 i4 #bhg1 #bhh4 ,arn\ld1 ,sophie1 ! celebrat$ s+]1 i4 #bbc2 biographical notices (1 #bbf et seq42 h] tal5ts1 wit1 & beauty1 #bbf-bcj2 h] dea?1 #bca2 anecdote (1 ii4 #ce2 accus$ ( ari/ocratic sympa?ies1 #gj2 p5sion$ by ,f\*1 #gi4 ,ars9oe1 op]a (1 play$ by ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 i4 #ajg2 critique on ! play1 #ajh1 #aji4 ,atto1 ! ,italian t5or1 i4 #ahc1 #ahd4 ,aub]1 8 op]a ( ,masaniello1 i4 #ad2 ! foll[] ( ,ross9i1 ii4 #bjb2 8 ,gu/ave ,,iii41 #bai4 ,au?ors1 regulations = _! admission to ! op]a ( ,p>is1 i4 #gi1 #hj4 ,b4 ,b flat1 ( ,rub9i1 ii4 #bfg1 #bfh4 ,badiali1 ,signor1 8 curi\s p]=mance ) a dr9k+ glass1 ii4 #bgh1 #bgi4 ,balfe's libretti1 f\nd$ on ,fr5* pieces1 i4 #bad4 ,ball1 ,hughes1 m>ries ,m]c&otti1 ii4 #abj4 ,ballet1 introduction & progress ( !1 i4 #gj et seq42 ,lulli's great att5tion to !1 #gb2 propriety ( its foll[+ ! ,op]a1 #bea2 great att5tion paid to x by ! ,italians1 #bea4 ,ballet d',action1 inv5t$ by ! ,du*ess du ,ma9e1 i4 #gg2 soon aft]w>ds import$ into ,engl&1 #gg2 nev] naturalis$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 #gg4 ,ballet-danc]s1 important p]sons 9 ,france previ\s to ! ,revolution1 ii4 #ec4 ,ballets1 orig9 (1 i4 #ah2 ! mo/ brilliant "p ( ! ,op5 at ,p>is1 #beh4 ,balon1 ! ballet-danc]1 i4 #gh4 ,banti ,mdlle41 ! celebrat$ vocali/1 ii4 #aj2 biographical notices (1 #aj-ab4 ,b>b] ( ,seville1 by ,ross9i1 ii4 #add et seq4 ,b>di1 ,g41 ,c\nt ( ,v]nio1 musical assemblies (1 i4 #e4 ,b>oni1 ! celebrat$ s+]1 i4 #h4 ,b>wick1 ,ann1 h] arre/ = creat+ a di/urbance1 i4 #aje4 ,bassi1 ! b>itone s+]1 ii4 #aje4 ,ba/ille1 tak+ ( !1 ii4 #ed4 ,beatrice di ,t5da1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #beb4 ,beaujoyeux's ,ballet ,comique de la ,royne1 i4 #ga4 ,beaum>*ais1 ! musical compos]1 8 bon-mot on op]atic music1 i4 #ec2 refuses lett]s ( nobility1 #bba2 ! c\rt music-ma/]1 #bia2 music-ma/] to ! daught]s ( ,l\is ,,xv41 ii4 #ci2 anecdote (1 #ci4 ,beaupr1 ! comic danc]1 ii4 #fh4 ,bee?ov51 ! ,g]man compos]1 i4 #bba1 ii4 #bhe1 #bhf2 accepts fifty ducats 9 pref]5ce to ! cross ( "s ord]1 i4 #bba2 8 ,fidelio1 ii4 #bhf2 8 ?ree /yles1 #bhf2 critiques on 8 works1 #bhf1 #bhg2 8 advice to ,web]1 #bii4 ,begg>'s ,op]a1 ! t\*/one ( ,engli% ta/e1 i4 #adh4 ,beliss5t1 ,m4 de1 anecdote (1 i4 #bfb4 ,bell9i1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bab2 8 ,sonnambula gr\nd$ ^u ,le ,philtre & ,la ,somnambule1 #bab2 biographical notices (1 ii4 #bdg et seq42 8 v>i\s productions1 #bdi-bec2 ,i ,puritani 8 la/ op]a1 #bec2 8 dea?1 #bed2 sorr[ caus$ !reby1 #bee2 lett] f 8 fa!r on 8 lam5t$ dea?1 #bef2 comp>$ ) ,donizetti1 #beg2 8 s+]s1 #bei4 ,b5$itti1 ,signor1 p]=m] at ! ,op]a 9 #agbj1 i4 #aei2 8 caprici\s temp]1 #afj4 ,b59i1 ,madame1 ! altra prima donna1 goes to ,p>is1 ii4 #c2 h] exquisite voice1 #c4 ,b]ang]1 on ! decl9e ( ! drama1 i4 #fe4 ,b]gamo1 !atre at1 ii4 #bfe4 ,b]lioz's v]sion ( ,d] ,freis*tz1 ii4 #bif2 8 op9ion ( ,h(fmann's music1 #cjf4 ,b]nac*i1 ,signor1 ! ,italian s+]1 i4 #afc4 ,b]nadotte1 at ,ud9e1 ii4 #ia4 ,b]n>d1 ,s41 ! c\rt bank] ( ,p>is1 i4 #ib2 8 munific5ce to actresses1 #ib4 ,b]n>di4 7,see ,,s5es9o47 ,b]ni]1 ! musical compos]1 anecdote (1 i4 #he4 ,b]n9o1 ! sc5ic pa9t] & decorator1 i4 #agi4 ,b]ri1 duke de1 assass9at$1 ii4 #aij4 ,b]tatti's ,matrimonio ,segretto1 ii4 #ig4 ,b]t91 ,e41 ! ,fr5* critic1 ii4 #aeh4 ,b]toldi1 ,signora1 ! ,italian s+] & actress1 i4 #afc4 ,b]ton1 manag] ( ! ,p>is ,op]a1 i4 #bia4 ,bianca e ,f]n&o ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bdi4 ,bias1 ! ,fr5* danc]1 ii4 #aab4 ,bigott9i1 ! ,fr5* danc]1 ii4 #aaa1 #aab4 ,bilboquet1 humor\s anecdote (1 i4 #ahh1 #aij4 ,bill+ton1 ,mrs41 ! op]atic s+]1 ii4 #ab2 h] p]=mance1 #ac2 among ! fir/ class ( s+]s1 #bh4 ,blaze1 ,m4 ,ca/il1 hi/orian ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 i4 #cja2 on ! removal ( ! ,op]a ne> ! ,national ,libr>y1 ii4 #ga2 8 publi%$ description ( ,mddle4 ,sall's p]=mances1 #ic-if1 #ii2 8 adaptation ( ,web]'s ,d] ,freis*tz1 #big4 ,bohemian ,girl1 n orig9al1 i4 #bac2 s\rces :5ce tak51 #bac4 ,boisg]>d1 ,m41 ballet-ma/] & negociator ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #aaj1 #aaa2 8 d>+ exploit 9 lib]at+ ,sir ,sidney ,smi? f ! ,temple1 #aag1 #aah4 ,bolton1 ,duke (1 m>ries ,miss ,lav9ia ,f5ton1 i4 #ach4 ,bonap>te1 ,napoleon1 introduc$ to ,mddle4 ,montansi]1 ii4 #gd2 grants h] an indemnity1 #ge2 natural effect ( 8 campaigns 9 ,italy to create a ta/e = ,italian music1 #gi2 8 prompt engagem5t & lib]al (f]s to ,madame ,pa] & ,m4 ,brizzi1 #hj1 #ha2 rew>ds ,paisiello1 #hb2 plots = assass9at+1 #agi1 #ahb2 a good fri5d to ! ,op]a1 #aic4 ,bontempi's acc\nt ( ,masocci's s*ool ( s++1 i4 #ahd4 ,borr[$ ,!mes1 ii4 #bhi4 ,b\illon1 ,duke de1 8 great exp5diture1 ii4 #ea4 ,b\rdon1 ,leon>d1 ! republican dramati/1 ii4 #fg4 ,braham1 ! di/+ui%$ op]atic s+]1 ii4 #ad4 ,brambilla1 ,mdlle41 biographical notices (1 ii4 #agc4 ,brevets1 grant$ by ! ,fr5* c\rt = admission to ! ,op]a1 ii4 #dh2 evils result+ !refrom1 #dh2 n requir$ ( ! fi%wom5 & *>coal-m5 ( ,p>is1 :o 7 always pres5t at ! ,op]a on c]ta9 fetes1 #di4 ,brizzi1 ,m41 ! vocali/1 ii4 #hj2 engag$ by ,bonap>te1 #hj1 #ha4 ,bros*i1 ,c>lo4 7,see ,,f>9elli47 ,brydone's anecdote ( ,gabrielli1 ! vocali/1 i4 #aie1 #aig4 ,bull1 ,dr4 ,j41 ! national an!m attribut$ to1 i4 #afe1 #aff4 ,buononc9i1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #aji2 8 fir/ op]a produc$ 9 #agbj1 #ade2 8 ,griselda 9 #agbb1 #adf2 8 la/ op]a ( ,a/yanax1 #adf2 8 piracy & disgrace1 #adf2 8 cont95tal c>e] & dea?1 #adg4 ,buret1 ,mddle41 execution (1 ii4 #gf4 ,burl+ton1 ,c\ntess1 patroness ( ! vocali/ ,fau/9a1 i4 #aec4 ,burney1 ,dr41 at ,vi5na1 i4 #aih2 at ,b]l91 #aii4 ,c4 ,cacc9i1 ! ,italian musician1 i4 #e2 compos] ( ! music to ,dafne1 #g4 ,cacc9i1 ,francesca1 daught] ( ! compos] ,cacc9i1 i4 #h4 ,caff>elli1 ! s+]1 biographical notices (1 i4 #aia2 8 qu>rel ) ,meta/asio1 #aib4 ,caldus1 8 un=tunate speculation 9 ! ,pan!on1 ii4 #abe4 ,calsabigi1 ! libretti/1 i4 #bab4 ,cam>go1 ,mdlle41 ! celebrat$ ,fr5* danseuse1 i4 #hi2 h] exquisite skill1 #ij4 ,camb]t1 8 ,fr5* op]a1 i4 #ae2 driv5 to ,london1 #af2 8 arrival 9 ,london1 #bh2 8 fav\rable reception1 #bh2 ,engli% v]sion ( 8 ,ariadne1 #bh2 8 dea? & "*1 #bh4 ,cambronne1 ,g5]al1 anecdote (1 i4 #ag1 note4 ,camilla1 music (1 i4 #aji2 critique on ! op]a (1 #aji1 #aaj4 ,campanello di ,notte1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcc4 ,campion1 ,miss1 ! vocali/1 i4 #aci2 ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire's inscription to h] memory1 i4 #aci4 ,campi/ron1 "o ( ,lulli's libretti/s1 i4 #bb4 ,camporese1 ,madame1 ! ,italian vocali/1 ii4 #afj4 ,campra1 ,j41 or*e/ral conductor ( ! ,m>seilles op]a1 i4 #hg2 anecdote (1 #hh4 ,capuletti ed i ,montec*i1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bej1 #beg4 ,c>adori1 ! vocali/1 ii4 #bfd4 ,c>e/9i1 ! ,italian s+]1 i4 #afd4 ,c>ey1 ,h41 ! national an!m attribut$ to1 i4 #aff4 ,c>p5tras s*ool ( music1 i4 #f4 ,catalani1 ! vocal que5 ( ! age1 ii4 #af2 h] extraord9>y p[]s1 #ag1 #ai2 biographical notices (1 #ah-bj2 ,napoleon's munific5t (f] to1 #ah2 draft ( a contract betwe5 h] & ,mr4 ,eb]s ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 #bc-be2 h] retirem5t & dea?1 #bf2 enorm\s sums paid to1 #acb4 ,cat]9a ,com>o ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bdc4 ,ca!r9e ! ,great ( ,russia1 h] int]view ) ! vocali/ ,gabrielli1 i4 #aih2 introduces ! ,italian ,op]a into ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 #aii4 ,cavali]e1 ,emilio del1 a musician ( ,rome1 i4 #e4 ,*amb]s1 ! bank]1 mortgagee ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #abh1 #acj4 ,*am=t1 ! republican1 commits suicide1 ii4 #gf4 ,*antilly1 ,mdlle4 7,see ,,fav>t74 ,*apel-,ma/]s1 _! /range read+s1 i4 #dd4 ,*appell1 ,w41 on ! orig9 ( ! national an!m1 i4 #aff4 ,*>bonni]s ( ,p>is1 pres5t at ! ,op]a on c]ta9 fetes1 ii4 #di4 ,*>les ,,ii41 8 patronage ( op]atic music1 i4 #cc4 ,*>les ,,vi4 ( ,g]many1 8 musical ta/e1 i4 #ahb4 ,*>les ,,vii4 ( ,g]many1 a musician1 & ! great patron ( ! op]a at ,vi5na1 i4 #aha4 ,*>les ,edw>d1 ! "y ,pret5d]1 arre/$ at ! ,acadmie ,musique1 & expell$ f ,france1 i4 #bcd4 ,*asse1 !1 b>itone s+]1 i4 #bbc2 biographical notices (1 #bbc-e4 ,*aumette1 ! sangu9>y republican1 ii4 #gc4 ,*]on1 ! celebrat$ ,fr5* bass1 ii4 #bgi2 ! vibratory =ce ( 8 voice1 #bgi4 ,*]ub9i's ,ab5c]rages1 ii4 #ahi4 ,*orus ( op]a1 i4 #dg2 ,fr5* inv5tion import$ into ,engl&1 #gg2 introduction ( !1 #ahj4 ,cim>osa1 ! op]atic compos]1 ii4 #bi-ca2 invit$ to ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 #hg2 8 ,nozze di ,fig>o1 #if2 8 ,matrimonio ,segretto produc$ at ! reque/ ( ,leopold ,,ii41 #if4 ,clayton1 ! musical compos]1 & au?or ( ,ars9oe1 i4 #ajh2 8 sple5 aga9/ ,h&el1 #abi1 #acb1 #acc4 ,clem5t ,,ix41 ! au?or ( sev5 libretti1 i4 #c4 ,colasse1 ,lafonta9e's compos]1 i4 #bb4 ,colbran1 ,mdlle41 ! s+]1 ii4 #ie1 #if2 m>ri$ to ,ross9i1 #aff2 biographical notices (1 #afg4 ,coleman1 ,mrs41 ! actress1 i4 #cj1 #ca4 ,comic op]a ( ,france1 i4 #bcf1 #bcg4 ,consulate1 /ate ( ! ,fr5* op]a "u !1 ii4 #agh et seq42 op]atic plots "u !1 #agi1 #ahj2 ! arts did n fl\ri% "u !1 #ahc4 ,conv5tion1 /ate ( ! op]a "u !1 ii4 #ge2 its receipts confiscat$ by !1 #ge2 its sangu9>y proce$+s1 #ge1 #gf4 ,conv]sion ( ,/4 ,paul1 play$ 9 music at ,rome1 i4 #c4 ,copyright1 ,victor ,hugo's claims to aga9/ ! ,italian libretti/s1 ii4 #bcd1 #bce2 pr9ciples (1 #bce2 rights ( au?ors1 #bcg4 ,coqueau1 musician & writ]1 guillot9$1 ii4 #gf4 ,corbetta1 ,f41 ! musical tea*] ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 i4 #ge4 ,corsi1 ,giascomi1 i4 #e4 ,co/ume1 ludicr\s dispute respect+1 i4 #afa1 #afb2 ( visitors to ! ,london ,op]a1 ii4 #acf1 #acg2 lett] respect+1 #ach4 ,c\lon1 ! ,fr5* danc]1 ii4 #aab4 ,c\ntry dances introduc$ into ,engl&1 i4 #gh2 fondness =1 #gh4 ,cov5t ,g>d5 ,!atre1 p]=mances at1 i4 #aja4 ,cr$o1 /range read+s ( ! by two *apel ma/]s1 i4 #dd4 ,cresc5t9i1 ! s+]1 8 caprici\s temp]1 i4 #afa1 #afb4 ,crociato 9 ,egitto1 ( ,mey]be]1 ii4 #bjf1 #bjg2 ,"l ,edgcumbe's description ( ! music1 #bjh2 ! pr9cipal "p play$ by ,velluti1 #bji4 ,croix1 ,abb de la1 i4 #hf4 ,cromwell1 8 patronage ( music1 i4 #cb2 anecdotes (1 #cb1 #cc4 ,cruvelli1 ,mdlle41 h] admirable p]=mance 9 ,fidelio1 ii4 #bhf4 ,curiosity1 wond]ful in/ance (1 i4 #ci4 ,cuzzoni1 ! vocali/1 h] exquisite qualifications1 i4 #aea1 #aeb2 memoir (1 #aeb2 h] p>tizans1 #aec2 leaves ,engl&1 #aed2 returns to ,london1 #aee2 h] melan*oly end1 #aee4 ,d4 ,dafne1 ! fir/ complete op]a1 i4 #e1 #g2 new music compos$ to ! libretto (1 #f1 #g4 ,dame aux ,camlias1 its repres5tation prohibit$1 i4 #cg4 ,danc] & ! musician1 i4 #hh4 ,danc]s ( ! ,fr5* op]a1 i4 #gg1 #bif2 _! position previ\s to ! ,revolution1 ii4 #ec2 diplomatic negociations = engag+1 #aaj1 #aaa2 engagem5ts ( 9 ,london1 #aab2 fur!r negociations ab\t _! return1 #aae1 #aaf2 treaty respect+ _! future engagem5ts1 #aae4 ,danc+1 at ! ,fr5* c\rt1 i4 #gb2 language (1 #bej2 ! f\r? "p ( ! f9e arts at ! ,p>is ,op]a1 #bei4 7,see ,,ballet74 ,d',ant91 ,duc1 appo9t$ manag] ( ! ,fr5* op]a1 i4 #gi4 ,daub]val1 ! danc]1 i4 #cjj4 ,dav5ant1 ,sir ,wm41 op5s a !atre1 i4 #cj1 #cf2 actors engag$ by him1 #cj1 #ca4 ,david1 ! ,conv5tional pa9t]1 ii4 #gb4 ,davide1 ! op]atic actor ( ,v5ice1 ii4 #aeh2 en?usiasm excit$ by1 #aei4 ,decorations ( ! /age1 i4 #fc4 ,de ,lauragais1 anecdote (1 i4 #bgg1 #bgh4 ,delany1 ,lady1 h] acc\nt ( ,ana/asia ,rob9son aft]w>ds ,lady ,pet]bor\gh1 i4 #acd-ach4 ,delaw>1 ,c\ntess1 patroness ( ! vocali/ ,fau/9a1 i4 #aec4 ,d',entraigues1 ,c\nt1 m>ri$ to ,madame ,hub]ti1 ii4 #id2 murd] (1 #ie4 ,d] ,freis*tz1 ( ,web]1 repres5t$ at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 ii4 #aih2 comp>$ ) ,rob]t le ,diable1 #bac2 rem>ks on1 #bia et seq42 comp>$ ) ,don ,giovanni1 #bic2 its complete success1 #bid2 remodell$ by ,m4 ,blaze1 & entitl$ ,rob9 des ,bois1 #bie4 ,des*amps1 ,mdlle41 ! ,fr5* figurante1 i4 #hc2 h] prodigality1 #hc4 ,desmat9s1 ,mdlle41 ! actress1 i4 #bd1 #be4 ,despreaux1 ! viol9i/1 commits suicide1 ii4 #gf4 ,dev9 du ,village1 ( ,r\sseau1 i4 #bfa2 music presum$ to be ! production ( ,granet1 i4 #bfb1 #bfc2 anecdotes ( !1 #bfb4 ,de ,vismes1 ( ! ,p>is ,op]a1 i4 #bia2 ii4 #ch4 ,devon%ire1 ,wm41 duke (1 8 inscription to ! memory ( ,miss ,campion1 i4 #aci4 ,d',h5n91 ,pr9ce1 8 rupture ) ,gluck1 i4 #bge1 #bgf2 a fav\rite butt = witticism1 #bgf4 ,div]tissem5ts1 propriety ( _! accompany+ op]atic p]=mances1 i4 #be4 ,di tanti ,palpiti1 orig9ally a ,roman ,ca?olic hymn1 ii4 #bhi4 ,d9orah1 ( ,mey]be]1 ii4 #bif1 #big4 ,don ,giovanni1 ( ,moz>t1 ii4 #ajj-aji2 its orig9al ca/ at ,prague1 #ajd2 ! p]=m]s ( ! "* 9 ,london1 #ajh2 g5]al ca/ ( *>act]s 9 ! op]a1 #ajh1 #aji2 comp>$ ) ,d] ,freis*tz1 #bic4 ,don ,pasquale1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bda2 libretto (1 #bdb4 ,don ,seba/i51 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bda4 ,donizetti1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #aab2 8 ,elizir d',amore1 gr\nd$ ^u ,le ,philtre & ,la ,somnambule1 #aab2 8 ,lucrezia1 f\nd$ on ,lucrece ,borgia1 #bac2 anecdotes (1 ii4 #bbf et seq42 8 e>ly admiration ( ,ross9i's works1 #bcj2 biographical notices (1 #bcb2 8 v>i\s works1 #bcb et seq41 #bci et seq42 8 rapidity ( composition1 #bdj2 8 la/ op]a1 ,cat>9a ,com>o1 #bdc2 ! au?or ( sixty-?ree op]as1 #bdc2 critique on 8 works1 #bdc1 #bdd2 8 illness & dea?1 #bde1 #bdf2 8 num]\s compositions1 #bdf2 comp>$ ) ,bell9i1 #beg4 ,drama1 ,b]ang] on ! decl9e ( !1 i4 #fe4 ,dramatic ballet4 7,see ,,ballet74 ,dresd51 !atre (1 ! fir/ op]a 9 ,europe1 & ! be/ vocali/s engag$ f !m1 i4 #agb1 #agc2 ii4 #hj1 #ha1 #hg4 ,dryd51 8 political op]a ( ,albion & ,albanius1 i4 #bi2 8 "* ( ,grabut1 #bi4 ,du ,b>ry1 ,madame1 h] opposition to ,gluck1 & support ( ,picc9ni1 i4 #bgi1 #bhj2 mi/ress ( ,l\is ,,xv41 ii4 #dh4 ,dubuisson1 ! libretti/1 guillot9$1 ii4 #ge4 ,duc d',albe1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bdc4 ,duell+1 i4 #ajg2 among wom51 #bbe1 et note4 ,dum5il1 ! t5or1 i4 #bd4 ,dup>c1 ,eliz41 ! soprano s+]1 nicknam$ ,la ,frances9a1 i4 #ahg4 ,dupre1 ! viol9i/1 ex*anges ! viol9 = ! ballet1 i4 #hh1 #hi1 #ia4 ,dura/anti1 ,madame1 ! celebrat$ vocali/1 i4 #aeh1 #aei4 ,e4 ,eb]s1 ,mr41 ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #bb2 draft ( a contract betwe5 him & ,madame ,catalani1 #bc-be2 is op9ions on ! /ate ( ! op]a1 #aji2 8 negociation respect+ ! ,p>is danc]s1 #aae2 takes ! managem5t ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 #abi2 8 selection ( op]as & s+]s1 #abi2 8 losses1 #abi1 #acj2 8 retirem5t1 #acj4 ,eclecticism1 ! pres5t age (1 i4 #bhf4 ,edelman1 ! musician1 execut$1 ii4 #gf4 ,edg>1 ,sir ,john1 8 attack on a company ( ,fr5* actors1 i4 #aei1 #afj4 ,eglant9e1 ,fabre d'1 ! libretti/1 guillot9$1 ii4 #gf4 ,elisir d',amore1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcc4 ,empire1 /ate ( ! ,fr5* op]a "u !1 ii4 #agh et seq42 ! arts did n fl\ri% "u !1 #ahc4 ,engl&1 ,italian op]a introduc$ into1 i4 #i1 #ajd et seq42 /ate ( ! op]a at ! end ( ! eighte5? & beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ii4 #a et seq42 ! *ief op]a h\ses ( ,p>is & ,italy insep>ably connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( op]a 91 #bbd4 ,engli%1 ! ,italians h a g5ius = music sup]ior to1 i4 #ef2 h a g5ius = o!r p]=mances ( a mu* high] nature1 #ef4 ,engli% op]a1 acc\nt (1 i4 #i2 its failures1 #aj2 s]vices r5d]$ by ,h&el to1 #bae2 has no hi/ory1 #bae4 ,enrag$ ,musicians1 lett]s f1 i4 #abi1 #acc4 ,enrico di ,borgogna1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcb4 ,euridice1 op]a (1 i4 #e1 #f4 ,euryan! ( ,web]1 ii4 #bib1 #bih2 its great success1 #bii4 ,f4 ,fabri1 ,signor1 ! ,italian s+]1 i4 #afc4 ,fabris1 dea? (1 f ov]/ra9$ s++1 ii4 #bgj4 ,f>9elli1 ,c>lo ,bos*i1 ! ,italian s+]1 i4 #aei2 ! magic & comm&+ p[]s ( 8 voice1 #afd1 #ahi2 biographical notices (1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #ahh-aia2 8 s+le note1 #ahi4 ,f>nes9o1 !atre at ,p>is1 i4 #agg4 ,fau/9a1 ! vocali/1 i4 #aej3 h] exquisite qualifications1 #aea1 #aeb2 memoir (1 #aeb2 h] artizans1 #aec2 returns to ,italy1 #aee2 m>ri$ to ,hasse1 ! musical compos]1 #aee1 #aef2 h] successful c>e] at ! ,dresd5 ,op]a1 #aef2 h] dea?1 #aeh4 ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni1 disputes respect+1 i4 #adi et seq42 _! respective m]its1 #aej1 #aea4 ,fav>t1 8 satirical description ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 i4 #fe4 ,fav>t1 ,madame1 ( ! ,op]a ,comique1 i4 #bca2 h] love = ,m>%al ,saxe1 #bcb1 #bcc4 ,favorite1 by ,donizetti1 ii4 #bci4 ,fel1 ,mdlle1 a s+] ( ! ,academie1 i4 #bbc4 ,female s+]s1 ! mo/ celebrat$1 i4 #h4 ,fnlon1 ,*ev4 de1 accid5tally kill$1 i4 #ha4 ,f5ton1 ,lav9ia1 m>ri$ to ! ,duke ( ,bolton1 i4 #ach2 h] accompli%m5ts1 #ach4 ,f]ri1 ,bal?az>1 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ s+] ( 8 day1 i4 #agd4 ,f]ri]e1 ,*ev4 de1 anecdotes (1 ii4 #gg1 #gh4 ,feuds1 among musicians & actors1 i4 #adi et seq4 ,fiddles1 ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 i4 #bc4 ,fidelio1 ( ,bee?ov51 #bhf4 ,fille du ,regim5t1 by ,donizetti1 ii4 #bci4 ,f9ales1 ,picc9ni ! orig9ator1 ii4 #cb2 "t usually occupi$ by !m1 #cb1 #cc4 ,fir/ ,consul ( ,france1 plots = assass9at+1 ii4 #agi1 #ahb4 ,fodor1 ,madame1 ! celebrat$ cantatrice1 ii1 #ib2 anecdote ( #ic2 biographical notices (1 #afj4 ,font5elle1 au?or ( ,!tis & ,pelee1 revisits ! ,academie1 i4 #bce4 ,=/1 ! s+]1 refuses lett]s ( nobility1 i4 #bba4 ,france1 ,italian ,op]a introduc$ into1 i4 #h2 b reject$1 #i1 #aa2 introduction ( ! ,op]a into ,engl&1 #ab et seq42 ,fr5* ,op]a n f\nd$ by ,lulli1 #ac1 #ad2 nobles (1 invit$ to /age p]=mances by ,l\is ,,xiv41 #ge2 morality ( ! /age1 #ha1 #hb2 h] dramatic music dates f #aggd1 #baf2 hi/ory ( ! ,op]a 91 ab\nds 9 excell5t anecdotes1 #bcb2 /ate ( ! ,op]a aft] ! dep>ture ( ,gluck1 ii4 #hd et seq42 aft] ! ,revolution1 #df et seq42 "u ! ,consulate1 ! ,empire1 & ! ,re/oration1 #agh et seq42 ! arts did n fl\ri% "u ! ,consulate & ! ,empire1 #ahc2 has p>ty songs1 b no national air1 #bja4 ,frangipani1 ,cornelio1 drama by1 i4 #d4 ,fr$]ick ! ,great introduces ! ,italian ,op]a into ,b]l91 i4 #aii2 8 fav\rite compos]s1 #aii2 (ficiat$ z conductor ( ! or*e/ra1 #aii4 ,fr5* actors1 company (1 9 ,london1 9 #agbj1 i4 #aei4 ,fr5* ,c\rt1 ballets at !1 i4 #gj1 #ga4 ,fr5* ,op]a1 ,fav>t's satirical description ( !1 i4 #fe2 f ! "t ( ,lulli to ! dea? ( ,rameau1 i4 #bag2 ! v>i\s pieces produc$ at !1 ii4 #aie et seq4 7,see ,,france74 ,fr5* ,society at its v wor/ dur+ ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xvi41 ii4 #dh2 op]atic & religi\s fetes1 #di4 ,fronsac1 duke de1 8 depravity1 i4 #gf4 ,g4 ,gabrielli1 ,cat>9a1 ! vocali/1 i4 #ahh2 biographical notices (1 #aie et seq4 ,gabrielli1 ,francesca1 ! vocali/1 i4 #ahh4 ,gagliano composes ! music to ! op]a ( ,dafne1 i4 #f4 ,galileo1 ,v9c5t1 inv5tor ( recitative1 i4 #e4 ,galuppi1 musical compos]1 i4 #agj1 #aga2 musical director at ! ,russian ,c\rt1 #aih4 ,g>cia1 ! t5or p]=m] ( ,don ,giovanni1 9 ,london1 ii4 #ajh2 anecdote (1 #add1 #ade4 ,g>cia1 ,mademoiselle1 7,see ,,malibran47 ,g>del1 ! ballet-ma/]1 ii4 #ge4 ,g>rick1 8 op9ion ( ,sophie ,arn\ld at ,p>is1 i4 #bbg2 ( ,fr5* desc5t1 #bbg note4 ,gazza ,ladra1 by ,ross9i1 ii4 #afj4 ,g]man ,op]a1 ! =ms (1 p]fect$ by ,keis]1 i4 #f2 orig9at$ f ,moz>t1 ii4 #ii et seq42 its celebrat$ compos]s1 #ajf4 ,g]mans1 music ( !1 i4 #bfh1 #bfi4 ,g]many1 ,italian ,op]a introduc$ into1 i4 #aj2 h] op]a dur+ ! republican & ,napoleonic w>s1 ii4 #hf2 has s5t u few s+]s z comp>$ ) ,italy1 #bbd2 /ate ( h] op]a1 #bbe2 ! l& ( sci5tific music1 #bhe4 ,giovanni1 ( ,moz>t1 i4 #ac4 ,glass1 brok5 to pieces by ! vibratory =ce ( p>ticul> notes1 ii4 #bgi4 ,gl9ka1 ! ,russian compos]1 ii4 #bij4 ,gluck1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #ab2 works (1 #ac2 ! e/imation 9 :i* 8 works 7 held1 #aha2 m]its (1 z comp>$ ) ,picc9ni1 #bfg2 biographical & anecdotal notices (1 #bgj et seq42 8 ,alce/is & ,orpheus1 #bgb2 8 ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis1 act$ at ,p>is ) imm5se success1 #bgc2 success ( 8 ,orpheus1 #bgh2 8 ,alce/is1 #bgi2 8 dea?1 #bie2 /ate ( ! ,op]a 9 ,france aft] 8 dep>ture1 ii4 #cd2 anecdote (1 #ci2 b5efitt$ ,fr5* op]a 9 diff]5t ways1 #dj4 ,gluck & ,picc9ni1 conte/s respect+1 9 ,p>is1 i4 #aej4 ,god save ! k+1 orig9 ( ! an!m1 i4 #afe1 #aff4 ,goddess ( ,reason1 p]sonat$ by ! actresses ( ! ,op]a1 ii4 #fg4 ,grabut1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bh1 #bi2 ,dryd5's "* ( him1 #bi4 ,grammont1 c\nt de1 extract f 8 memoirs1 i4 #gc4 ,granet1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bfa2 au?or ( ! music to ,r\sseau's ,dev9 du ,village1 #bfb2 8 dea?1 #bfe4 ,grass9i1 ! s+]1 ii4 #ad4 ,greek ,plays1 fir/ specim5s ( op]as1 #c4 ,greek ,!atre1 i4 #bdj2 music ( !1 #bda4 ,greeks1 _! language & acc5t1 i4 #bda2 _! lyric /yle1 #bda3 _! music a real recitative1 #bda2 absurdities ( _! dramas1 #bdd4 ,grisi1 ,giulia1 ! accompli%$ vocali/1 ii4 #bhj1 #bha2 h] family connexions1 #bhj2 h] vocal p[]s1 #bha2 ,norma h] be/ "*1 #bha4 ,grossi1 ! vocali/1 i4 #ahh4 ,guadigni1 ! vocali/1 biographical notices (1 i4 #aid4 ,gumn1 pr9ce de1 8 insolv5cy1 ii4 #ea2 feel+ lett] ( ! op]atic vocali/s to1 #ea4 ,guglielmi1 ! op]atic compos]1 ii4 #bi2 8 success at ,naples1 #cj4 ,guillaume ,tell1 its fir/ p]=mance at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 ii4 #aih2 cut d[n f ?ree to five acts1 #aih2 ,ross9i's la/ op]a1 #bja4 ,guim>d1 ,madel9e1 ! celebrat$ danseuse1 i4 #bhh1 #bif2 accid5t to1 #bif2 biographical & anecdotal notices (1 #big et seq42 anecdotes (1 ii4 #cd1 #ce2 h] n>r[ escape f be+ burnt to dea?1 #da2 h] reappe>ance at ! ,op]a1 #gg4 ,gu+u5e1 ! ,fr5* libretti/1 i4 #bic4 ,gu/ave ,,iii4 ( ,aub]1 ii4 #bai4 ,h4 ,hamlet1 set to music1 i4 #abg2 its absurdity1 #abh4 ,h&el1 ,g4 ,f41 at ,p>is1 i4 #hf2 9 ,london1 #ig1 #ajj-c2 8 ,pa/or ,fido play$ at ! ,haym>ket ,!atre1 i4 #ajb2 8 great improvem5t ( ! ,italian ,op]a1 #ajh2 success ( 8 ,r9aldo1 #aaf2 8 arrival 9 ,engl&1 #abb2 br+s out 8 ,r9aldo & ,armide1 #abc2 ,clayton's sple5 aga9/1 #abi1 #acb1 #acc2 ! ,italian op]as "u 8 direction1 #adj et seq42 8 c>e] z an op]atic compos] & director1 #adj2 wrote 8 la/ op]a1 ,deidamia1 #ada2 biographical acc\nt (1 #ada et seq42 8 duel ) ,mat!son ( ! ,hamburgh ,!atre1 #adb2 8 ,r9aldo1 ,pa/or ,fido1 & ,amadigi1 #adb2 direction ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music confid$ to him1 #add2 8 fir/ op]a at ! ,royal ,academy 0 ,radami/o1 #add2 8 next op]a1 ,muzio ,scevola1 #ade2 8 v>i\s op]atic pieces play$ at ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 #adf2 8 s]vices to ,engli% ,op]a1 #bae2 appo9t$ to ! managem5t ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 #afc2 names ( ! ,italian p]=m]s engag$ by him1 #afc2 8 rival ,porpora1 & ! difficulties ) :i* he _h to cont5d1 #afg2 ab&ons dramatic music aft] hav+ writt5 ?irty-five ,italian op]as1 #afh2 8 op]as n[ become obsolete1 & unadapt$ to mod]n times1 #afh1 #afi2 success ( ! op]atic airs1 :i* he introduc$ into 8 oratorios1 #afi2 position ( ! ,italian ,op]a "u 8 presid5cy1 #agj1 #aga2 8 great musical g5ius1 & ! gr&eur ( 8 oratorios1 #agb4 ,h>mony1 pref]able to simple declamation1 i4 #de1 #df4 ,hasse1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #aee2 m>ries ! vocali/ ,fau/9a1 #aef2 appo9t$ director ( ! ,dresd5 ,op]a1 #aef2 8 dea?1 #aeh2 a libretti/1 #bab4 ,haut]o*e1 hum\r ( exhau/$1 i4 #di4 ,haydn1 8 op9ion ( ,moz>t's "w1 ii4 #ajb4 ,haym>ket ,!atre1 ,h&el's ,pa/or ,fido play$ at1 i4 #ajb4 ,hb]t1 ! sangu9>y republican1 ii4 #fh1 #gc4 ,heidegg]1 appo9t$ manag] ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 i4 #afc2 8 puff direct1 #afc4 ,h5riot1 ! sangu9>y republican1 ii4 #fb1 #gb4 ,h+/on1 ! musician1 patronis$ by ,cromwell1 i4 #cb4 ,h(fman1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #cja2 8 ,und9e1 #cja-cje2 ,b]lioz's op9ion ( 8 music1 #cje4 ,hub]ti1 ,madame1 ! s+]1 ii4 #dc1 #id2 h] m>riage & horrible dea?1 #id4 ,hugo1 ,victor1 8 dramas made ! gr\ndwork ( ,italian libretti/s1 i4 #bac2 8 actions aga9/ !m = violation ( copyright1 ii4 #bcd1 #bce4 ,hugu5ots1 ( ,mey]be]1 ii4 #baf4 ,hydaspes1 op]a (1 i4 #aag2 ,addison's critique on1 #aah1 #aai4 ,i4 ,il ,pirato1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bdi4 ,insanity1 ,/eele's rem>ks on1 i4 #aaa1 #aab4 ,int]ludes1 bani%$ f ! op]as1 i4 #bej4 ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis1 by ,gluck1 i4 #bgc2 its introduction on ! ,p>is /age1 & imm5se success1 #bgc1 #bgd4 ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris1 a rival op]a1 compos$ by ,picc9ni1 i4 #bia1 #bib4 ,italian libretti/s1 ,victor ,hugo's actions aga9/ = copyright1 ii4 #bcd1 #bce4 ,italian op]a1 introduc$ into ,france "u ! auspices ( ,c>d9al ,maz>91 i4 #h2 reject$ by ! ,fr5*1 #i1 #aa2 introduc$ into ,engl&1 #i1 #aa2 into ,g]many1 #aj2 into all p>ts ( ,europe1 #aj2 introduc$ into ,engl& at ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 #ed2 ,addison's critical rem>ks on1 #ee-h2 attempts to engage ! company ( ,london at ! ,fr5* ,academie1 #bf3 rais$ to excell5ce by ,h&el 9 ,london1 #ajc2 hi/ory ( its introduction into ,engl&1 #ajd et seq42 ,/eele's hatr$ to1 #aac2 a complete failure 9 ,london1 #adg-adi2 its position "u ,h&el1 & subsequ5tly1 #agj1 #aga2 v>i\s op]as produc$1 #agj1 #aga2 e/abli%$ at ,b]l9 & ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 #aii2 its weak po9ts dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury exhibit$ 9 ,m>cello's satire1 ,teatro a la ,modo1 #bjd-ab2 ! company p]=m+ alt]nately 9 ,london & 9 ,p>is1 ii4 #b2 its position dur+ ! ,republican & ,napoleonic w>s1 #hf4 ,italian plays1 ( ! e>lie/ p]iod1 call$ by ! g5]al "n ( ,op]a1 i4 #b4 ,italian s+]s1 e/abli% !mselves ev]y:]e b 9 ,france1 i4 #agc2 company ( engag$ by ,mdlle4 ,montansi]1 ii4 #gi2 unsuccessful1 #gi4 ,italians1 _! g5ius = music above t ( ! ,engli%1 i4 #ef2 music ( !1 #bfh1 #bfi4 ,italy1 mod]n1 e>lie/ musical dramas (1 i4 #c1 #f1 #g4 ,j4 ,jeliotte1 ! t5or s+]1 i4 #bbc4 ,jesuits' *ur* at ,p>is1 ! great op]atic vocali/s engag$ at !1 ii4 #di2 _! !atre ne> !1 #ej4 ,jomelli1 anecdote relat$ by1 i4 #dd2 director ( ! ,/utg>dt op]a1 #agh2 sets ,didone to music1 #bab4 ,k4 ,kalkbr5n]1 a pa/iccio by1 unsuccessful1 ii4 #he2 8 ,don ,giovanni1 #ahd4 ,keis]1 ! op]atic compos]2 au?or ( ,ism5e & ,basilius1 i4 #f1 #ada4 ,kelly1 ,mi*ael1 ! s+]1 ii4 #abh4 ,k9d1 ,fr$]ick1 ii4 #bic2 ,web]'s introduction to1 #bic4 ,k+'s ,!atre1 p]=mances at1 & assemblies1 i4 #aja2 op5$ "u ,heidegg]1 #afc2 celebrat$ vocali/s at !1 ii4 #d2 de/roy$ by fire1 #f2 rebuilt & re-op5$1 #h2 its negociations ) ! ,p>isian op]ati/s1 #aaj1 #aaa2 ,mr4 ,taylor ! proprietor1 #aba2 ! !atre clos$1 #abe2 qu>rels ( ! proprietors1 #abf2 re-op5$ "u ,wat]s1 #abg2 aga9 clos$1 #abi2 ,mr4 ,eb]'s managem5t1 #abi2 selection ( op]as & s+]s = !1 #abi2 managem5t ( ,messrs4 ,laporte & ,laur5t1 #acj2 its position & "* 9 #aghi1 #aca2 enorm\s prices paid = private boxes & admission1 #acb1 #acc2 sale ( ! tickets at r$uc$ prices1 #acc1 #acd2 co/ume ( visitors1 #acf1 #acg4 ,l4 ,labitte1 dea? (1 f ov]/ra9$ s++1 ii4 #bgj4 ,labla*e1 ! basso s+]1 ! ,leporello ( ,don ,giovanni1 ii4 #ajh1 #aji2 biographical notices (1 #bgd-bgh2 8 v]satile p[]s1 #bgg1 #bgh2 8 great :i/l+ accompli%m5ts1 #bgi2 8 *>act]s ( ,b>tolo & ,fig>o1 #bge4 ,la*nick1 ! musician1 ii4 #ahc1 #ahd4 ,lacombe1 ! ,fr5* danc]1 ii4 #aab4 ,la ,c5]5tola1 op]a (1 ii4 #afb4 ,la ,f>e1 ,m>q4 de1 au?or ( ! ,pan?e1 i4 #he4 ,lafonta9e1 8 want ( success z a libretti/1 i4 #ba2 anecdote (1 #ba4 ,lafonta9e1 ,mdlle41 ! celebrat$ ball]9a at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 i4 #gb4 ,lagu]re1 ,mdlle41 ! vocali/1 i4 #bha2 ! actress1 i4 #bid4 ,la9ez1 ! poet1 i4 #bg2 ! s+]1 ii4 #fi4 ,la ,m>seillaise1 borr[$ f ,g]many1 ii4 #bja4 ,lam>t9e1 ,m4 de1 8 fault9ess 9 hi/ory1 ii4 #fa1 note4 ,lamb1 ,*>les1 anecdote (1 i4 #ba4 ,lani]e1 musical compos] & engrav]1 i4 #cj4 ,la ,p>isi5ne1 ( ,n\rrit1 ii4 #bja4 ,laporte & ,laur5t1 ,messieurs1 manag]s ( ! ,london op]a h\se1 ii4 #acj4 ,l>rive1 ! vocali/1 i4 #bbc1 #bgd4 ,la ,/rani]a1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bdi4 ,lauragais1 ,c\nt de1 anecdotes (1 i4 #bbi1 #bcj2 ii4 #gg1 #gh2 8 great exp5diture1 ii4 #ea4 ,la ,ve/ale1 ( ,spont9i1 ii4 #ahf1 #ahg4 ,law1 ,m41 introduces wax into ! c&elabra ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 i4 #hd2 break+ up ( 8 f9ancial s*emes1 #hd2 fav\r$ by ! ,duke ( ,orleans1 #hd4 ,lays1 a furi\s democrat1 & *ief manag] ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 ii4 #ff2 treat$ ) public indignation1 #gg4 ,leclair1 ex*anges ! ballet = ! viol91 i4 #hh1 #hi4 ,lefevre1 ! republican s+]1 hiss$ (f ! /age1 ii4 #gj4 ,legal disputes among musicians1 i4 #hg1 #hh4 ,legrosc9o1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #cb4 ,lemaure1 ,mdlle41 ! actress1 i4 #ib4 ,l5oir1 ! ar*itect ( ! ,p>is ,op]a1 ii4 #dc4 ,l5z1 ! biograph] ( ,bee?ov51 ii4 #bhg4 ,leopold ,i41 ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 8 devot$ness to music1 i4 #agd4 ,leopold ,,ii41 ( ,g]many1 8 lib]ality to ,cim>osa1 ii4 #if2 8 public approbation ( ,il ,matrimonio ,segretto1 #ig4 ,lettres de ,ca*et1 issu$1 to comm& c]ta9 p]sons to jo9 ! ,op]a1 i4 #gf4 ,libretti ( ,engli% writ]s1 i4 #bac2 ( ! ,fr5*1 #bad4 ,libretti/s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 i4 #bab et seq4 ,libretto1 no op]a intelligible )\t "o1 i4 #dj2 ! words %\ld be good1 & yet ne$ n ( necessity be he>d1 #da4 ,limeuil1 ,madame1 dea? (1 i4 #bc4 ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 "u ! direction ( ,porpora1 i4 #afd4 ,l9d1 ,j5ny1 ! hangman's admiration (1 ii4 #fd4 ,l9da di ,*am\ni1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bda4 ,lion1 ,nicol9i's conte/ ) !1 at ! ,haym>ket1 i4 #aah2 ,addison's satirical critique on !1 #aai-abb4 ,lipp>9i1 ,madame1 ! prima donna at ,pal]mo1 ii4 #bga1 #bgb4 ,lise1 ,mddle41 anecdote (1 ii4 #cf4 ,lock1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bh4 ,london ,op]a1 mann]s & cu/oms ( !1 half a c5tury ago1 ii4 #abb et seq4 7,see ,,k+',s ,,!atre47 ,lor5zo da ,ponte1 ii4 #bic4 ,lotti1 ! ,v5etian compos]1 i4 #adf4 ,l\is ,,xiv41 a great actor1 i4 #gc2 9 ! habit ( s++ & danc+ 9 ! c\rt ballets1 #gd2 retires f ! /age1 #gd2 returns to x1 #ge2 ! v>i\s *>act]s assum$ by him1 #ge4 ,l\is ,,xv41 8 he>tless conduct at ! !atre1 i4 #ha2 8 meanness to 8 daught]'s music-ma/]s1 ii4 #ci2 ,fr5* society at ! v wor/ dur+ 8 reign1 #dh4 ,l\is ,,xvi41 8 flight f ,p>is1 ii4 #eg2 8 dea?1 & /ate ( ! ,op]a at ! "t (1 #fa4 ,lucia di ,lamm]moor1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcc4 ,lucrezia ,borgia1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcd1 #bcg2 ,victor ,hugo's action aga9/ ! au?or = brea* ( copyright1 #bcd4 ,lulli1 ,fr5* ,op]a n f\nd$ by1 i4 #ac1 #ad2 8 intrigues1 #af2 8 ,cadmus & ,h]mione1 #af2 orig9ally a scullion 9 ! s]vice ( ,madame de ,montp5si]1 #af2 8 disgrace1 #ag2 8 elevation by ,l\is ,,xiv41 #ag1 #ah2 intru/$ ) !m music ( ! ballets1 #ah2 a buffoon1 #ah2 v>i\s mi/akes (1 #ah et seq42 8 intemp]ate habits1 #bd2 8 great att5tion to ! ballet1 #gb2 tumult at ! repres5tation ( 8 ,aloe/e1 #he2 hi/ory ( ,fr5* ,op]a dates f ! "t (1 #bag2 8 s+ul> dea?1 #bag2 8 op]as1 #bag1 #bah4 ,lyric drama1 rem>ks on !1 i4 #bcf1 #bcg2 ,r\sseau's critique on1 #bdc4 ,m4 ,m4 de ,p\rceaugnac1 p]=mance (1 i4 #ai4 ,ma*9]y ( ! ,op]a at ,p>is1 i4 #bee4 ,maill>d1 ,mdlle41 ! prima donna1 ( ! ,p>is ,op]a1 ii4 #ff2 reque/$ to p]sonate ! ,goddess ( ,reason1 #fg2 compell$ to s+ republican songs1 #fi2 suspect$ by ! republicans1 #fi4 ,mailly's ,akb>1 ,roi de ,mogol1 i4 #ae4 ,ma9e1 ,du*ess du1 h] passion = !atrical & musical p]=mances1 i4 #gg2 h] lott]ies1 #gh4 ,malibran1 ,madame1 ! vocali/1 ii4 #fi2 biographical notices (1 #agd1 #age2 h] triumphal progress ?r\gh ,italy1 #bfj1 #bfa2 *>act]i/ic anecdotes (1 #bfa-bfd2 h] activity & great acquirem5ts1 #bfb2 h] dea?1 #bfd4 ,m>a1 ,madame1 ! celebrat$ vocali/1 i4 #bjj2 biographical notices (1 #bjj-c2 appo9t$ prima donna ( ! ,b]l9 !atre1 #bja2 at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #d2 h] di/+ui%$ p]=mances1 #e2 biographical notices (1 #e-i2 among ! fir/ class ( s+]s1 #bh4 ,m>a & ,todi1 ,mesdames1 qu>rels betwe5 ! admir]s (1 i4 #aej1 #bjc4 ,m>cello's satire1 ,teatro a la ,modo1 i4 #bjd-ab4 ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e1 ! ,italian vocali/1 i4 #ajd2 at ,drury ,lane1 #ajh4 ,m>ia di ,rohan1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bdb4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 ! en?usia/ic patroness ( ,gluck1 i4 #bge2 patronizes ,picc9ni1 #bij2 h] visit to ! ,acadmie & ,op]a ,comique1 ii4 #eh1 #ei2 popul> cries aga9/1 #ei2 oblig$ to fly1 #ei2 h] execution1 #fa4 ,m>iette1 ,mdlle41 ! ,p>isian danseuse1 i1 #hb4 ,m>9o ,fali]o1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bcc4 ,m>io1 ! actor1 9 ! "* ( ! ,duke ( ,mantua1 i4 #ci2 a p]=m] ( ,don ,giovanni 9 ,london1 ii4 #ajh4 ,m>montel1 ! libretti/1 i4 #bhg1 #bhi2 ! admir] ( ,picc9ni1 #bhi4 ,m>re1 ,abb de la1 def5ds ,mdlle4 ,petit1 i4 #hb4 ,m>soli]1 ( ! ,op]a ,comique1 ii4 #bce4 ,m>t9ella1 ,cat>9a1 ! celebrat$ s+]1 i4 #h4 ,m>t9i's ,cosa ,r>a1 ii4 #ajb4 ,m>tiri1 ( ,donizetti1 ii4 #bci4 ,masaniello1 m>ket sc5e 91 i4 #dg2 effects ( its repres5tation 9 ,p>is1 ii4 #bjj4 ,matrimonio ,segretto1 comic op]a (1 ii4 #if-ajj2 its successful p]=mance be=e ,leopold ,,ii41 #ig4 ,mat!son1 ! musical compos] & conductor ( ! or*e/ra at ! ,hamburgh !atre1 i4 #ada1 #adb2 8 duel ) ,h&el1 #adb4 ,maup91 ,mdlle41 ! op]atic actress1 i4 #bf2 ! ,lola ,montes ( h] day1 #bf4 ,may]1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #cb4 ,maz>91 ,c>d9al1 introduces ,italian ,op]a into ,france1 i4 #h2 into ,p>is1 #ad4 ,maze1 ,mdlle41 ! danseuse1 h] melan*oly suicide1 c41 i4 #hd4 ,mazocci's s*ool ( s++ at ,rome1 i4 #ahd4 ,melun1 ,c\nt de1 8 depravity1 i4 #gf4 ,m5e/ri]1 on ! orig9 ( ! ,italian ,op]a1 i4 #c4 ,m5gozzi1 ! t5or s+]1 visits ,p>is1 ii4 #c4 ,m]cadante1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #bdg1 #bdh4 ,m]c&otti1 ,m>ia1 ! *>m+ ,spani% danseuse1 ii4 #aai2 m>ri$ to ,mr4 ,hughes ,ball1 #abj4 ,m]ighi1 ,signora1 ! ,italian s+]1 i4 #afc4 ,m]ulo1 ,claudio1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #d4 ,meta/asio1 ! poet & libretti/1 i4 #age1 #bab2 8 qu>rel ) ,caff>elli1 i4 #aia4 ,mey]be]1 ! successor ( ,ross9i at ! ,acadmie1 ii4 #bjb2 a compos] :o defies classification1 #bjf2 8 diff]5t productions1 #bjf2 biographical notices (1 #bjf1 #bjg2 8 ,rob]t le ,diable1 #bjg1 #baa et seq42 8 ,hugu5ots1 #baf2 8 ,prophete1 #bah4 ,mililotti1 ! ,neapolitan buffo1 ii4 #bgd1 #bge4 ,m+otti1 ! celebrat$ vocali/ ( ! ,dresd5 op]a1 i4 #aef2 h] op9ion ( ! ,london public1 #aig4 ,m9uet1 introduc$ into ,engl&1 i4 #gc4 ,moli]e1 ! fri5d ( ,lulli1 i4 #ai2 8 disagreem5t ) him1 #bj2 8 ,amants ,magnifiques1 #fe4 ,montagu1 ,lady ,wortley1 h] description ( ! ,vi5na !atre1 i4 #age4 ,montansi]1 ,mdlle41 #ga1 #gb2 d5\nc$ by ! republicans = build+ a !atre1 #gc2 imprison$1 #gc2 h] nocturnal assemblies1 #gc2 ,napoleon introduc$ to h]1 #gd2 h] m>riage1 #gd2 receives indemnity = h] losses1 #ge2 engag$ by ,napoleon to =m an ,italian op]atic company1 #gi2 is unsuccessful1 #gi4 ,montessu1 ! ,fr5* danc]1 ii4 #aab4 ,montev]de1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #g2 8 improvem5ts 9 or*e/ral music1 #g2 ! score ( 8 ,orfeo1 #g1 #bc2 produces 8 ,arianna at ,v5ice1 #h2 8 great popul>ity1 #h4 ,moreau1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bg4 ,morel1 ! libretti/1 ii4 #ahc4 ,morelli1 ! bass-s+]1 visits ,p>is1 ii4 #c4 ,mormoro1 ,madame1 p]sonates ! ,goddess ( ,reason1 ii4 #fg4 ,mos 9 ,egitto1 by ,ross9i1 ii4 #afc4 ,m\nt ,edgcumbe1 ,"l1 au?or ( ,musical ,rem9isc5ces1 i4 #bii1 #cjj2 8 notices ( celebrat$ vocali/s1 ii4 #e1 #f1 #h1 #aa1 et passim2 8 description ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #aghi1 #aca4 ,m\ret1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #gh4 ,moz>t1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #ab2 works (1 #ac2 reception ( 8 ,nozze di ,fig>o1 ii4 #ih2 8 ,s]aglio1 #ii2 f\nd] ( ! ,g]man op]atic s*ool at ,vi5na1 #ii et seq42 8 ,don ,giovanni1 #ajj-aji2 its orig9al ca/ at ,prague1 #ajd2 ,sali]i 8 great rival1 #aja1 #ajb2 8 g5ius fully ackn[l$g$1 b 8 music n at fir/ appreciat$1 #ajg2 ,musette de ,portici1 ! fir/ important "w to :i* ! ,fr5* ,op]a owes its celebrity1 #aie2 translat$ & play$ ) great success 9 ,engl&1 #aig1 #aih2 8 =tunes affect$ by ! revolution>y "* ( ! plot1 #bjj4 ,music ( ! op]atic works ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 i4 #d1 #e2 ,woolf5buttel s*ool (1 #f2 ,c>p5tras s*ool (1 #f2 ( ! drama1 its importance1 #de1 #df2 ! language ( ! masses1 #df2 its p[]ful effects 9 dramatic repres5tations1 #dg2 its p[]s z an art1 #ei1 #fj2 capabilities (1 #afi2 ,m>cello's satirical advice respect+1 #bjd-ab2 ( ! ,greeks1 #bda2 a real recitative1 #bda2 an imitative art1 #bde1 #bdh2 ( ! ,italians & ! ,g]mans1 #bfh1 #bfi2 on expression 91 ii4 #hc2 did n fl\ri% "u ! ,fr5* ,republic or ,empire1 #hd2 diff]5t s*ools (1 #bhd4 ,musical compos]s1 :o adorn$ ! end ( ! eighte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ii4 #ca1 #cb2 _! peculi> *>act]i/ics1 #ada4 ,musical compositions1 diff]5t adaptations (1 ii4 #hc1 #hd4 ,musical in/rum5ts ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 i4 #bc4 ,musical pieces1 dang] ( p]=m+ "u ! ,republican regime1 ii4 #fg4 ,musical plays ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 i4 #b4 ,musical valets ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 i4 #bc1 #bd4 ,musician1 8 conte/ ) ! danc]1 i4 #hh2 8 task ( imitation great] ?an t ( ! pa9t]1 #bdi4 ,musicians ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 privileges ( !1 i4 #gg2 ( ,italy1 nicknames giv5 to1 #hf-h2 ! ?ree enrag$ ones1 #abi1 #acc4 ,muzio ,scevola1 produc$ at ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 i4 #ade4 ,my/]es d',isis1 op]a ( !1 ii4 #ahc4 ,n4 ,napoleon1 8 munific5t (f]s to ,catalani1 ii4 #ah4 ,napoleons1 bo? ( !m good fri5ds to ! ,op]a1 ii4 #aic1 #aid4 ,nasol9i1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #ab4 ,national an!m1 /ory respect+ !1 i4 #afe2 on ! orig9 ( !1 #aff4 ,national /yles1 i4 #bad1 #bae4 ,nicknames giv5 to celebrat$ musicians1 s+]s1 & pa9t]s ( ,italy1 i4 #ahf-h4 ,nicol9i1 a great actor1 i4 #fa2 a soprani/1 #aag2 ,addison's critique on 8 combat ) a lion at ! ,haym>ket1 #aah-abb4 ,nobles ( ,france1 op]atic actors1 i4 #gf2 abuses aris+ f ! sy/em1 #gf4 ,noblet1 ,mdlle41 ! ,fr5* danseuse1 ii4 #aaa-ac2 negociations respect+ h] b5efit1 #aac1 #aad4 ,norma1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bej1 #beb1 #beg4 ,nose-pull+1 i4 #ajf4 ,n\rrit1 ,adolphe1 ! celebrat$ t5or1 a p]=m] ( ,don ,giovanni 9 ,london1 ii4 #ajh2 makes 8 appe>ance at ,p>is1 #aie2 8 ,la ,p>isi5ne1 #bja2 8 pr(essional engagem5ts1 #bba1 #bbb2 8 melan*oly dea?1 #bbc1 #bbd4 ,nov]re1 ! celebrat$ ballet ma/]1 i4 #agh4 ,nozze de ,fig>o1 ( ,moz>t1 ii4 #ih-ajc4 ,nuits de ,sceaux1 or ,nuits ,blan*es1 ( ! ,du*ess du ,ma9e1 i4 #gg1 #gh4 ,o4 ,ob]on ( ,web]1 ii1 #bii1 #cja4 ,olivi]i1 primo basso at ,ud9e1 ii4 #hi4 ,,op]a1 hi/ory ( !1 i4 #a et seq42 mean+ & "* (1 #a1 #b2 ,wagn]'s def9ition1 #a1 et note2 ! e>lie/ ,italian plays1 call$ by ! g5]al "n (1 #b2 ! title aft]w>ds appli$ to lyrical dramas1 #b2 proce$s f ! sacr$ musical plays ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 #b2 fir/ specim5s ( 9 ! ,greek plays1 #c2 op]atic compos]s & s+]s1 #d-h2 its success promot$ by ! musical g5ius ( ,montev]de1 #h2 tak5 "u ! patronage ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s nobles1 #h2 ! mo/ celebrat$ female s+]s connect$ )1 #h2 ,italian op]a introduc$ into ,france "u ! auspices ( ,c>d9al ,maz>91 #h2 into ,engl& at ! comm5cem5t ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 #i1 #ed2 into ,g]many1 #aj2 fl\ri%+ /ate ( dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury1 #aj2 hi/ory ( its introduction into ,france & ,engl&1 #ab et seq42 n f\nd$ by ,lulli1 #ac1 #ad2 ! fir/ ,engli% op]a t5 ye>s lat] ?an ! fir/ ,fr5* "o1 #ca2 ! lead+ actors1 #ca2 ! nature ( & its m]its z comp>$ ) o!r =ms ( ! drama1 #cf et seq42 un9telligibility (1 #cg2 music 9 a dramatic =m1 #ch2 ! words ought to be good1 & yet ne$ n ( necessity be he>d1 #da2 unnaturalness (1 #de2 *orus (1 #dg2 ,addison's articles on1 #ec-eh2 & ! drama1 #fa2 ,b]ang] on ! decl9e ( !1 #fe2 ,pan>d's rem>ks on !1 #fg2 8 song on :at may be se5 at !1 #fg2 ,l\is ,,xiv4 & ! nobles ( ,france actors 91 #gc-gh2 lettres de ca*et issu$1 comm&+ c]ta9 p]sons to jo9 !1 #gf1 #gg2 privileges ( s+]s1 danc]s1 & musicians belong+ to !1 #gg2 /ate (1 "u ! reg5cy ( ! ,duke ( ,orleans1 #gi2 ! sc5e ( frequ5t di/urbances1 #hj2 etiquette respect+ ! visits ( "y ladies to !1 #ib1 #ic2 introduction ( ! ,italian ,op]a into ,engl&1 #ajd et seq42 "u ,h&el1 #adj2 its position "u ,h&el1 & subsequ5tly1 #agj1 #aga2 g5]al view ( 9 ,europe 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 until ! appe>ance ( ,gluck1 #agb2 its appe>ance at ,vi5na1 #age1 #aha2 its weak po9ts dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury exhibit$ 9 ,m>cello's celebrat$ satire ,teatro a la ,modo1 #bjd-ab2 hi/ory ( ,fr5* op]a f ,lulli to ! dea? ( ,rameau1 #bag et seq42 hi/ory (1 9 ,france1 dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury1 ab\nds 9 excell5t anecdotes1 #bcb et seq42 diff]5t k9ds (1 #bcf1 #bcg2 ,r\sseau's def9ition1 & critical rem>ks on1 #bci et seq42 ( ! ,greeks1 #bdc et seq42 e>ly p]iods (1 #bde2 subjects (1 #bdg2 ,r\sseau's description (1 at ,p>is1 #bea et seq42 ludicr\s c>icature (1 #beb-bfj2 its mon/r\s sc5]y1 ma*9]y1 & decorations1 #bee2 audi5ce ( !1 #beg2 hi/ory (1 9 ,engl&1 at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5?1 ii4 #a et seq42 at ,v]sailles1 #c2 ,k+'s ,!atre1 #d1 #e2 notices ( ! mo/ celebrat$ s+]s1 #c-cc2 ! ,pan!on ent]prise1 #f1 #g2 /ate ( 9 ,france aft] ! dep>ture ( ,gluck1 #ce et seq42 at ,p>is1 frequ5tly burnt d[n & rebuilt1 #db2 ( ! ,romantic s*ool1 #de2 its condition be=e & aft] ! ,revolution1 #df et seq42 /range cu/oms connect$ !re)1 #di2 great s+]s ( !1 at ! ,jesuits' *ur* & !atre at ,p>is1 #ej2 dang]\s to write any?+ ab\t 9 ,p>is previ\s to ! ,revolution1 #ed2 its decl9e aft] ! ,revolution comm5c$1 #ef et seq42 ! ,national ,op]a ( ,p>is1 #fb2 hi/ory (1 "u ! ,republic ( ,france1 #fb et seq42 /ate ( !1 "u ! ,conv5tion1 #ge2 its receipts confiscat$1 & its arti/s guillot9$1 #ge1 #gf2 "u ,napoleon1 #gi2 /ate ( 9 ,italy1 ,g]many1 & ,russia1 dur+ ! ,republican & ,napoleonic w>s1 #hg et seq42 its difficulties aris+ f ! cont9u$ w>s1 #aji2 diplomati/s & danc]s1 #aaa2 ,t]psi*orean treaty1 #aae2 mann]s & cu/oms (1 half a c5tury ago1 #aba et seq42 ,mr4 ,eb]s's managem5t 9 #ahba1 #abi2 ! ,k+'s ,!atre 9 #aghi1 #aca1 et seq42 co/ume (1 9 #ahfa1 #acg2 ,ross9i & 8 p]iod1 #adc2 8 ,b>b] ( ,seville1 & o!r op]atic pieces1 #add-afc4 7,see ,,ross9i74 ,madame ,pa/a1 #agj2 ,madame ,pis>oni1 #agb2 ,madlle4 ,sontag1 #age2 its position 9 ,france "u ! ,consulate1 ,empire1 & ,re/oration1 #agh et seq42 plots = assass9at+ ! ,fir/ ,consul at !1 #agi1 #ahb2 assass9ation ( ! ,duke de ,b]ri at !1 #aij2 its tempor>y susp5sion1 #aic2 ! ,napoleons good fri5ds to !1 #aic1 #aid2 ! diff]5t pieces produc$ at ,p>is1 #aie1 #aif2 ,ross9i's ,guillaume ,tell1 #bja2 rehe>sals1 #bjg2 ,n\rrit1 #bba2 ! *ief op]a h\ses ( ,p>is & ,italy insep>ably connect$ ) ! hi/ory ( op]a 9 ,engl&1 #bbd2 ,donizetti & ,bell9i1 #bbf1 et seq41 #beg2 au?or's rights1 #bcg2 diff]5t s*ools (1 #bhd4 ,op]a ,comique1 ( ,france1 i4 #bcf1 #bcg4 ,op]a1 ,fr5*1 ,fav>t's satirical description (1 i4 #fe4 ,op]a ,national1 sub/itut$ = t ( ! ,academie ,royale1 ii4 #ei2 programme issu$ by ! directors1 #fb2 *ange ( site1 #ga4 ,op]a s+]s1 badly paid 9 ! #ag? c5tury1 i4 #be4 ,op]atic feuds1 i4 #aje4 ,op]atic incongruity at ,p>is1 i4 #bec4 ,opitz1 translator ( ! op]a ( ,dafne1 i4 #f4 ,or*e/ra1 in/rum5tal music be+ defici5t 9 ! #ag? c5tury1 i4 #g2 ,montev]de's improvem5ts1 #g4 ,orfeo1 ( ,montev]de1 music (1 produc$ at ,rome 9 #addj1 i4 #c1 #ac4 ,orleans1 duke (1 /ate ( ! ,op]a "u 8 reg5cy1 i4 #gi2 8 s9c]e love ( music & lit]ature1 #he1 #hf2 8 dea?1 #hf4 ,otello1 by ,ross9i1 ii4 #aeg4 ,oulibi*eff1 ,m41 8 notices ( ,moz>t1 ii4 #aja2 ! biograph] ( ,bee?ov51 #bhg2 ,l5z's attack on1 #bhg4 ,ox5=d's ,rob9 ,hood1 i4 #bad4 ,p4 ,pac*i]otti1 ! celebrat$ male soprano1 ii4 #g4 ,pac9i's ,talismano1 ii4 #bfg1 #bfh4 ,pa]1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #cb2 plays ! "p ( basso1 #ij1 #ia2 success ( 8 ,laodicea1 #ih4 ,pa]1 ,madame1 ! vocali/1 ii4 #hj2 engag$ by ,bonap>te1 #hj1 #ha1 #hh2 anecdote (1 #hi4 ,pa9t]s ( ,italy1 nicknames giv5 to1 i4 #ahf-h4 ,paisiello1 ! op]atic compos]1 ii4 #b1 #bi1 #cj1 #ca1 #hb2 8 int]view ) ,bonap>te1 #hb2 lib]ally rew>d$1 #hb1 #hc2 at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 #hg4 ,pan>d1 8 satirical rem>ks on ! ,op]a1 i4 #fg2 song on :at he _h se5 at ! ,op]a1 #fg4 ,pan!on ( ,london conv]t$ to ! use ( ! ,op]a1 ii4 #f1 #g2 its company1 #g2 burnt d[n1 #h2 op5+ ( !1 #abe2 an un=tunate speculation1 #abe4 ,p>is1 absurd regulations ( ! ,!atres at1 i4 #hf1 #hg2 ,r\sseau's descriptions ( ! ,op]a at1 #bea1 #beb-bfj2 conte/s 91 respect+ ! m]its ( ,gluck & ,picc9ni1 #bfg2 its op]atic company t[>ds ! end ( ! #ah? c5tury1 ii4 #c2 ! op]a burnt d[n at diff]5t times1 #db2 ,national ,libr>y (1 propos$ to be burnt1 #ga1 #gb2 ! v>i\s op]atic pieces produc$ at1 #aie et seq4 ,p>isian public mann]s & cu/oms ( ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 i4 #ge et seq42 ! turbul5t & dissipat$ habits1 #hj4 ,pa/a1 ,madame1 ! celebrat$ s+]1 ii4 #afh2 h] repres5tation ( ,ross9i's ,semiramide1 #afh1 #afi2 biographical notices (1 #agj4 ,pelissi]1 ,mdlle41 ! prima donna ( ,p>is1 i4 #hb2 h] prodigality1 #hc4 ,pembroke1 ,c\ntess (1 ! lead] ( a p>ty aga9/ ! vocali/ ,fau/9a1 i4 #aec4 ,p]golese1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #i1 #agj2 8 ,s]va ,padrona hiss$ f ! /age1 #i2 at ,/4 ,pet]sburgh1 ii4 #hh4 ,p]i1 ! ,italian musician1 i4 #e2 compos] ( ! music to ,dafne1 #g4 ,p]r91 ,fr5* ,op]as (1 i4 #ae4 ,p]uzzi1 ,bal?az>1 8 wond]ful skill 9 sc5ic decoration1 i4 #c1 #d4 ,pet] ! ,great1 8 visit to ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 i4 #ha4 ,pet]bor\gh1 "l1 acc\nt ( 8 m>riage ) ,miss ,ana/asia ,rob9son1 i4 #acd-ach4 ,petit1 ,mdlle41 ! ,p>isian danseuse1 i4 #hb4 ,petits ,viol9s du ,roi1 a b& =m$ by ,lulli1 i4 #ag4 ,phillips1 ,ambrose1 ! plagi>i/1 i4 #aae4 ,picc9ni1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bab2 m]its (1 z comp>$ ) ,gluck1 #bfg2 biographical & anecdotal notices (1 #bhj et seq42 8 natural g5ius = music1 #bhd2 success ( 8 ,donne ,dispetose & o!r op]atic pieces1 #bhe et seq42 8 arrival at ,p>is1 #bhg2 8 conte/s ) ! ,glucki/s1 #bhh et seq42 8 ,orl&o1 #bhi2 8 rival op]a ( ,iphig5ia 9 ,tauris1 #bia1 #bib2 ru9$ by ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 #bie2 8 dea?1 #bie2 ! orig9ator ( ! popul> musical f9ales1 ii4 #cb4 ,pietra del ,p>agone1 ( ,ross9i1 ii4 #aea4 ,p9otti1 ,t]esa1 ! celebrat$ com$ian1 ii4 #bgd4 ,pis>oni1 ,madame1 biographical notices (1 ii4 #agb4 ,pleasantries ( ! drama explod$1 i4 #di2 _! antiquity & h>mlessness1 #di4 ,poiss>des ( ,p>is1 pres5t at ! ,op]a on c]ta9 fetes1 ii4 #di4 ,pomone1 ! fir/ ,fr5* ,op]a he>d 9 ,p>is1 i4 #ae4 ,ponceau1 ,seigneur de1 7,see ,,*asse74 ,porpora1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #dd1 #ajj2 8 p]v]sion ( ! ,cr$o1 #dd2 director ( ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 #afd2 s+]s engag$ by him1 #afg4 ,porte ,/4 ,m>t9 ,!atre at ,p>is1 ii4 #db4 ,preciosa1 ( ,web]1 ii4 #bih4 ,prevo/1 ,mdlle4 ! ballet danc]1 i4 #gh1 #hi2 h] jeal\sy ( ,mdlle4 de ,cam>go1 #ij4 ,prima donnas1 ,m>cello's satirical in/ructions respect+1 i4 #baa4 ,prophete1 ( ,mey]be]1 ii4 #bah4 ,purcell1 ! writ] ( ,engli% op]as1 i4 #i2 8 ,k+ ,ar?ur1 #ad2 8 dramatic music1 #bi2 8 op]atic compositions1 #cc2 8 dea?1 #cd2 8 tal5ts1 #cd4 ,pygmalion1 ( ,mdlle4 ,sall1 #ic1 #id4 ,pyrrhus & ,demetrius1 ,sc>latti's op]a (1 i4 #aag4 ,q4 ,quantz1 ! celebrat$ flute play]1 i4 #aea2 8 acc\nt ( ! ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni conte/s1 #aea1 #aec4 ,qu91 ,james1 ! musician1 anecdote (1 i4 #cb4 ,qu9ault1 "o ( ,lulli's libretti/s1 i4 #bb4 ,r4 ,rac9e1 m]its (1 i4 #aae1 #aaf4 ,rameau1 ,j4 ,p41 ! great ,fr5* compos]1 i4 #ac1 #bab2 op9ions ( ,dr4 ,burney & ,grimm on 8 compositions1 #bac2 memoirs (1 #bac et seq42 lett]s ( nobility grant$ to him1 #bbj2 8 music1 #bbb2 8 dea? & fun]al1 #bbb1 #bbc4 ,ranz des ,va*es1 ii4 #bhi1 #bij4 ,recitative1 on ! use (1 9 op]a1 ii4 #bif4 ,rehe>sals at ! ,fr5* op]a1 ii4 #bjg2 9 ,london1 #bjh4 ,reign ( ,t]ror1 a fe>ful "t = arti/s & art1 ii4 #ga2 its num]\s victims1 #gf1 #gg4 ,republic ( ,france1 *anges effect$1 9 ! ,op]a by !1 ii4 #fd1 #fe4 ,republican celebrities1 _! direction ( ! ,op]a ,national1 ii4 #fb1 #fc1 #gd2 *anges effect$ by1 9 op]atic pieces1 #fd1 #fe4 ,revolution 9 ,france1 /ate ( ! ,op]a at ! p]iod1 ii4 #cd et seq4 #ee2 its effect on ! ,academie1 #ef et seq42 musicians & s+]s :o fell victims to its fury1 #gf1 #gg4 ,rey1 ! musical compos]1 & conductor ( ! ,p>is or*e/ra1 ii4 #da4 ,righ9i1 ! op]atic compos]1 ii4 #ajd4 ,rigoletto1 op]atic music (1 i4 #dg1 #dh4 ,r9aldo & ,armida1 by ,h&el1 i4 #abc2 op]atic sp>r[s (1 #abc-abf4 ,r9ucc9i1 ,ottavio1 ! ,italian poet1 i4 #e2 au?or ( ! libretto to ,dafne1 #g4 ,rob]t le ,diable1 ( ,mey]be]1 new v]sion ( a *orus 91 i4 #db2 rem>ks on1 ii4 #bjb1 #baa et seq42 comp>$ ) ,d] ,freis*utz1 #bac2 br\ght out at ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 #bad4 ,robespi]re1 fall (1 ii4 #gf4 ,rob9 des ,bois1 an adaptation ( ,web]'s ,d] ,freis*utz1 ii4 #bie-big4 ,rob9son1 ,ana/asia1 ! celebrat$ vocali/1 i4 #acd2 privately m>ri$ to ! ,e>l ( ,pet]bor\gh1 #acd2 ,lady ,delany's acc\nt (1 #acd-ach4 ,rob9son1 ,mr41 fa!r ( ,lady ,pet]bor\gh1 i4 #ace2 dea? (1 #acf4 ,ro*ois1 ,m>?a le1 ! vocali/1 i4 #be4 ,romantic ,s*ool ( ! op]a1 ii4 #bhd4 ,rossi1 ! ,italian libretti/1 i4 #abh4 ,ross9i1 ! op]atic compos]4 ii4 #ca2 hi/ory ( 8 p]iod1 #adj et seq42 ! greate/ ( ,italian compos]s1 #adb2 8 biograph]s1 #adc2 8 ,b>b] ( ,seville1 #add2 hi/orical anecdotes (1 #add et seq42 comp>ison (1 ) ,moz>t & ,beaum>*ais1 #adi2 8 ,pietra del ,p>agone1 #aea2 8 innovations1 #aec1 #aee2 ,tancr$i & ,otello1 #aef1 #aeg2 8 ,gazza ,ladra1 #afj2 8 ,mos 9 ,egitto1 #afc2 m>ri$ to ,mdlle4 ,colbran1 #aff2 8 ,semiramide play$ by ,madame ,pa/a & o!rs1 #afh1 #afi2 8 ,siege de ,cor9?1 #ahi2 8 ,viaggio a ,reims1 #aie2 ,guillaume ,tell 8 la/ op]a1 #bja2 succe$$ by ,mey]be] at ! ,academie1 #bjb2 8 foll[]s1 #bjc1 #bjd2 8 retirem5t1 #bje2 ,donizetti's e>ly admiration (1 #bbf2 ,sigismondi's horror ( 8 works1 & 8 adv]se criticisms1 #bbh et seq42 8 musical g5ius & p[]s1 #bhb2 8 ,william ,tell1 #bhc2 ! mo/ mod]n ( op]atic compos]s1 #bhc2 ! alpha & ! omega ( our op]atic p]iod1 #bhc4 ,r\slan e ,l\dmila1 ( ,gl9ka1 ii4 #bij4 ,r\sseau1 ,j4 ,j41 a critic & a compos] ( music1 i4 #bch et seq42 8 ,dictionnaire de ,musique1 #bci2 8 def9ition ( ,op]a1 #bci2 8 critical diss]tation on ! ,op]a 9 ,france dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury1 #bci-bej2 8 op9ions on danc+ & ! ballet1 #bej2 au?or ( ! ,dev9 du ,village1 #bfa1 b ,granet ! musical compos]1 #bfb1 #bfc2 8 advice to ,mdlle4 ,!odore1 #cjj4 ,r\sseau1 ,pi]re1 anecdote (1 i4 #bfb2 accuses ,jean ,j4 ,r\sseau ( fraud1 #bfe4 ,royal ,academy ( ,music =m$ 9 ,london1 i4 #adb2 lib]ally patroniz$1 #adc2 confid$ to ,h&el1 #add2 ! v>i\s op]as produc$ at1 #add1 #ade2 involv$ 9 difficulties1 #ade2 f9ally clos$1 #adf2 a complete failure1 #adg4 ,rub9i1 ! celebrat$ t5or s+]1 ii4 #bdi1 #bfd1 #bfe2 ! fell[-/ud5t ( ,bell9i1 #bdi2 biographical notices (1 #bfe1 #bff2 8 great emolum5ts1 #bff2 8 ,b flat1 #bfg1 #bfh2 8 brok5 clavicle1 #bfi4 ,rue ,ri*elieu1 op]a 9 clos$ aft] ! assass9ation ( ! ,duc de ,b]ri1 ii4 #aic4 ,russia1 op]a 91 dur+ ! republican & ,napoleonic w>s1 ii4 #hg4 ,s4 ,sac*9i1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bab2 ii4 #b1 #ca1 #dj2 works (1 #dj2 8 ,*imne play$ at ! ,p>is ,op]a1 #dc2 8 dipe ,colosse1 #dd4 ,sacr$ musical plays ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 i4 #b4 ,saggio sopra l',op]a 9 musica1 ( ,alg>otte1 i4 #b2 ,/4 ,evremond's com$y ( ,les ,op]as1 i4 #ej4 ,/4 ,leg]1 ,mdlles4 de1 execut$ = play+ ! piano1 ii4 #fi4 ,/4 ,montant1 ,m4 de1 a musical en?usia/1 i4 #hg4 ,/4 ,pet]sburg1 op]a at1 ii4 #hg1 #hh4 ,sali]i1 ! op]atic compos]1 ii4 #b1 #cb1 #dj1 #ajj2 br+s out 8 ,danaides1 #dd2 ! rival ( ,moz>t1 #aja2 8 ,assur1 #aja1 #ajb4 ,sall1 ,mdlle41 ! celebrat$ danseuse1 i4 #ia2 h] propos$ re=ms 9 /age co/ume1 #ia2 notic$ by ,voltaire1 ,font5elle1 & o!rs1 #ib2 h] fir/ appe>ance 9 ,london1 #ic2 h] alt]ations 9 /age co/ume1 #ic2 p]=mance ( h] ,pygmalion1 & h] great success1 #ih et seq42 en?usiasm at h] b5efit 9 ,london1 #ih1 #ii2 ann\ncem5t ( h] fir/ arrival 9 ,engl&1 #aja4 ,saxe1 ,m>%al1 ! great fav\rite ( ! ladies1 i4 #bcb1 #bcc2 8 love = ,madame ,fav>t1 #bcc1 #bcd4 ,sc>latti's op]a ( ,pyrrhus & ,demetrius1 i4 #aag4 ,sc5]y1 ! great attraction 9 op]atic repres5tations1 i4 #c2 ! art c>ri$ to great p]fection at ,rome1 #c1 #d2 ( ! op]a ( ,p>is1 #beb4 ,s*l*]1 ,m4 ,victor1 biograph] ( ,h&el1 i4 #ig2 on ! orig9 ( ,god save ! k+1 #afe4 ,s*9dl]1 ! biograph] ( ,bee?ov51 ii4 #bhg4 ,s*mal+1 ,mdlle4 7,see ,,m>a74 ,s*ools1 ! diff]5t ones1 ii4 #bhd4 ,s*rd]-,devri5t1 ,madame1 ! vocali/1 ii4 #bii4 ,s*utz1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #f4 ,scribe1 ,m41 ! libretti/1 i4 #bab1 ii4 #bej2 8 comic op]as1 i4 #bab4 ,scudo1 ! critic1 ii4 #bic4 ,semiramide1 ( ,ross9i1 ii4 #afh2 repres5t$ by ,madame ,pa/a & o!rs1 #afh1 #afi4 ,s5es9o1 ,signor1 ! soprani/1 i4 #aeh1 #aei2 qu>rels ) ,h&el1 & jo9s ! ,l9coln's ,inn ,!atre1 #afd4 ,s]va ,padrona1 op]a (1 hiss$ f ! ,fr5* /age1 i4 #i4 ,s]v&oni1 ( ! ,tuil]ies !atre1 i4 #fc2 8 sc5ic decorations1 #agg1 #agi4 ,%akspe>e's dramas1 i4 #fa4 ,siege de ,cor9!1 produc$ at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 ii4 #aie4 ,siege ( ,?ionville1 its gratuit\s p]=mance = ! amusem5t ( ! sans culottes1 ii4 #ff4 ,sigismondi1 ! libr>ian ( ! ,neapolitan ,cons]vatory1 ii4 #bbf2 8 pi\s horror ( ,ross9i's works1 & 8 adv]se criticisms1 #bbh1 #bbi4 ,s+]s ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 i4 #h1 #ahb1 #ahc et seq42 _! caprici\s temp]s1 #afa2 ,"l ,m\nt ,edgcumbe's ,rem9isc5ces (1 ii4 #bh2 divid$ into two classes1 #bh2 expos$ to ! ?reats ( ! ,republicans1 #fi4 ,s+]s ( ,italy1 f\nd 9 all p>ts ( ,europe1 i4 #aj1 #agb et seq42 nicknames giv5 to1 #ahf-h4 ,s+]s ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 privileges ( !1 i4 #gg4 ,s++ 9 dramatic repres5tations1 its p[]ful effects1 i4 #dg2 humor\s satire on1 #ej1 #ea2 ,mazocci's s*ool (1 #ahd2 ,m>cello's satirical advice respect+1 #bjd-ab2 dea?s caus$ by1 ii4 #bgj4 ,smi?1 ,j41 ! husb& ( ,mrs4 ,t(ts1 i4 #aaa4 ,smi?1 ,sir ,sidney1 8 lib]ation f ! ,fr5* prison by ,boisg]>d1 ii4 #aag1 #aah4 ,sobriquets1 appli$ to celebrat$ musicians1 s+]s1 & pa9t]s ( ,italy1 i4 #ahf-h4 ,song1 difficulty ( writ+ to declamation 9 mod]n languages1 i4 #bdj4 ,song ( ,solomon1 consid]$ ! e>lie/ op]a on record1 i4 #c4 ,sonnambula1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bej1 #bea1 #beg4 ,sontag1 ,mdlle41 biographical notices (1 ii4 #agd4 ,s\bise1 ,pr9ce de1 i4 #bii2 8 great exp5diture1 ii4 #ea4 ,s\nds1 art ( comb9+ agreeably1 i4 #bci2 ( a speak+ voice1 #bdj4 ,sp>r[s1 op]atic1 at ! ,haym>ket1 i4 #abc-abf4 ,spectator4 7,see ,,addison74 ,spitt+1 i4 #ajg4 ,spohr1 ! celebrat$ ,g]man compos]1 ii4 #bhe4 ,spont9i1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #ahc2 8 ,f9ta ,filos(a1 #ahe2 8 ,la ,ve/ale1 & ,f]n& ,cortez1 #ahf1 #ahg2 8 animosity t[>ds ,mey]be]1 #ahh4 ,/age ( ,france1 its /ate ( morality1 i4 #ha1 #hb4 ,/age co/ume1 ,mdlles4 ,sall's propos$ re=ms 91 i4 #ic2 h] alt]ations 91 #ic4 ,/age decoration1 i4 #fc1 #agh1 #agi1 #ahj4 ,/age plays1 ord9ances = ! suppression (1 i4 #ca4 ,/eele1 on insanity1 i4 #aaa1 #aab2 8 hatr$ ( ! ,italian ,op]a1 #aac2 8 *agr9 at ! success ( ,h&el's ,r9aldo1 #aaf2 8 insults to op]atic s+]s1 #aag2 on ! op]atic sp>r[s & *aff9*es at ! ,haym>ket1 #abf2 8 unfav\rable op9ion ( op]a1 #abf1 #abg4 ,/ockholm1 op]a at1 ii4 #hg4 ,/orace1 ,mrs41 ! prima donna ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #c2 biographical notices (1 #d4 ,/orace1 ,/eph51 musical director ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #d4 ,/rada1 ,signora1 ! ,italian s+]1 i4 #afc4 ,/radella1 ! vocali/ & op]atic compos]1 i4 #ahc4 ,/rozzi1 ,pietro1 i4 #e4 ,/utg>dt1 magnific5ce ( ! !atres at1 i4 #agh4 ,/yx1 h[ to cross !1 i4 #he4 ,subligny1 ,mdlle41 ! celebrat$ danseuse1 i4 #ib4 ,swift1 8 celebrat$ epigram on ,buononc9i & ,h&el1 i4 #fd4 ,t4 ,talismano1 ( ,pac9i1 ii4 #bfg1 #bfh4 ,talmont1 pr9cess de1 lett] f1 #bce4 ,tambur9i1 ! s+]1 p]=m] ( ,don ,giovanni 9 ,london1 ii4 #ajh2 biographical notices (1 #bga-d2 8 grotesque p]sonation ( ! abs5t prima donna1 #bgb-bgd2 8 v]satile p[]s1 #bgc4 ,tancr$i1 by ,ross9i1 ii4 #aeb1 #aef1 #aeg4 ,taylor1 ,mr41 proprietor & manag] ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #aba2 humor\s anecdotes (1 #abb et seq42 8 qu>rel ) ,mr4 ,wat]s1 #abf2 driv5 f ! !atre1 #abf2 ends 8 days 9 prison1 #abg2 8 anonym\s lett] respect+ ,wat]s1 #abh4 ,teatro a la ,modo1 ,m>cello's satire ( i4 #bjd-ab4 ,t]5ce1 ! fir/ production ( 8 ,eunu*us1 ii4 #ij4 ,t]psi*orean treaty1 ii4 #aae4 ,!atre1 at ,/utg>dt1 i4 #agh2 at ,v5ice1 #ahj2 at ,vi5na1 #aha2 ( ! jesuits1 at ,p>is1 ii4 #ej4 ,?tre des ,arts1 ( ,p>is1 ii4 #aid2 its frequ5t *anges ( "n1 #aid1 n4 ,?tre d',opra1 ( ,p>is1 ii4 #aic4 ,!atres 9 ! op5 air1 i4 #agf1 #agg2 ( imm5se size1 #agg et seq42 sc5ic decorations (1 #agh1 #agi2 at ,v5ice1 #ahj2 numb] ( 9 ,p>is dur+ ! ,reign ( ,t]ror1 ii4 #ga4 ,?odore1 ,mdlle41 ! accompli%$ danseuse1 i4 #cjj2 imprison$1 ii4 #ed4 ,?van>d1 ! op]atic s+]1 i4 #gi4 ,?illon1 ,madame1 ii4 #bci4 ,t9toretto1 ! musical compos]1 refuses ! hon\r ( knigh?ood1 i4 #bba4 ,t(ts1 ,mrs4 ! vocali/1 & rival ( ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e1 i4 #aje2 lett] f1 #aje2 plays ,ars9oe at ,drury ,lane1 #ajg2 h] insanity1 #aaj1 #aaa4 ,tosi1 ,signor1 8 obs]vations on ,mesdames ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni1 i4 #aea4 ,trial1 ! comic t5or1 dea? (1 ii4 #gf4 ,trib\1 ! ,fr5* h>moni/1 i4 #hc2 8 v]satile tal5ts1 #hc4 ,triomphe de ,trajan1 op]a (1 ii4 #ahi4 ,tuil]ies1 ! la/ conc]t spirituel at ! !atre ( !1 ii4 #eg4 ,u ,und9e1 ( ,h(fman1 ii4 #cja-cje4 ,v ,valabrque1 ,m41 ! husb& ( ,catalani1 ii4 #bj2 draft ( a contract betwe5 him & ,mr4 ,eb]s1 #bc-be2 anecdote ( 8 /upidity1 #bf1 #bg4 ,val5t9i1 ,reg9a1 ! celebrat$ vocali/1 i4 #aef2 m>ri$ to ,m+otti1 #aef4 ,v>5nes1 ,mdlle41 ! ,fr5* danseuse1 ii4 #aab4 ,velluti1 a t5or s+] ( great p[]s1 ii4 #bji2 play$ ! pr9cipal "p 9 ,il ,crociato1 #bji2 biographical notices (1 #baj2 8 fir/ debut & p]=mance 9 ,london1 #baa4 ,v5ice1 ! op]a (1 & its sc5ic decorations1 i4 #ahj4 ,v]di1 ,signor1 ! musical compos]1 i4 #bac1 #bfh2 ii4 #ii1 note2 8 ,ernani & ,rigoletto f\nd$ on ,h]nani & ,le ,roi s'amuse1 i4 #bac2 8 ,ernani prohibit$ ! /age1 ii4 #bce4 ,v]sailles1 ballets at1 i4 #gj1 #ga2 ! ,london ,italian company p]=m at1 ii4 #c4 ,ve/ris1 ,gaetan1 ! danc]1 anecdotes (1 i4 #bgh2 ii4 #cg2 f\nd] ( ! family1 i4 #cja4 ,ve/ris1 ,augu/e1 son ( ,gaetan ! danc]1 i4 #cja2 anecdotes (1 ii4 #ce1 #cg2 8 extravagant exp5diture1 #ec4 ,ve/ris1 ! pr9ce ( ,gumn1 compell$ to dance z a sans culotte1 ii4 #fi4 ,ve/rises1 biographical notices ( ! family1 i4 #cjb4 ,viaggio a ,reims1 by ,ross9i1 writt5 = ! coronation ( ,*>les ,x41 ii4 #aie4 ,victor ,hugo1 8 copyright action aga9/ ,donizetti1 ii4 #bhd1 #bhe4 ,vi5na1 e/abli%m5t ( ! ,italian op]a 91 i4 #agd2 its great writ]s & compos]s1 #age2 ,lady ,wortley ,montagu's description ( its magnific5t !atre1 #age2 op]a at1 a fir/-rate musical !atre1 #aha2 great patronage ( ! imp]ial family1 #aha4 ,viagnoni1 ! s+]1 ii4 #ad4 ,viol9s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 i4 #bc4 ,virtuosi ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 i4 #ahc4 ,vivi51 ! horn play]1 i4 #ahd4 ,vocali/s ( ,p>is1 _! g5]\s lett] to ,pr9ce de ,gumn1 ii4 #ea4 7,see ,,s+]s47 ,voice1 speak+1 s\nds ( a1 i4 #bdj4 ,w4 ,wagn]'s def9ition ( ! ^w ,op]a1 i4 #a et note4 ,wallace1 ,v41 ! em95t compos]1 i4 #db2 critique on a passage 9 8 ,m>itana1 i4 #db1 #dc2 8 ,m>itana & ,lurl9e f\nd$ on ! ,fr5*1 #bad4 ,w>saw1 ! op]a ( clos$1 ii4 #ed4 ,w>ton1 ,dr4 ,j41 8 "* ( ! ,du*ess ( ,bolton1 i4 #ach4 ,wat]s1 ,mr41 jo9t proprietor ( ! ,k+'s ,!atre1 ii4 #aji1 #abe2 qu>rels ) ,taylor1 8 p>tn]1 #abf2 re-op5s ! ,op]a1 #abg2 makes a pur*ase ( x1 #abg2 8 retirem5t1 #abi4 ,web]1 ,k>l ,m>ia ,von1 a romantic compos]1 ii4 #bhe2 belongs to ! same class z ,bee?ov5 & ,spohr1 #bhe2 8 influ5ce on ! ,op]a1 #bhh2 8 fondness = p>ticul> in/rum5ts1 #bij2 *>act]i/ics ( 8 music1 #bia2 8 resemblance to ,mey]be]1 #bib2 8 ,d] ,freis*utz1 & its great success1 #bib et seq42 8 v>i\s op]as1 #bih et seq42 8 ,ob]on1 #cja4 ,william ,tell1 ( ,ross9i1 no subsequ5t op]a to be rank$ )1 ii4 #bhc4 ,williams1 ,sir ,*>les1 anecdote (1 i4 #aeg4 ,wolf5buttel s*ool ( music1 i4 #f4 ,wom51 duell+ among1 i4 #bbe et note4 ,wurtemburg1 ,duke1 brilliancy ( 8 c\rt1 i4 #agh4 ,z4 ,zaira1 ( ,bell9i1 ii4 #bej4 ,zelmira1 ( ,ross9i1 ii4 #afe2 its music1 #afg4 ,z5o1 ,apo/olo1 ! op]atic writ]1 i4 #age2 a libretti/1 #bab4 ,z+>elli1 ! musical compos]1 ii4 #cb4 ,,f9is4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! foll[+ typographical errors 7 correct$ by ! etext transcrib]3 ,la ,dame ,camlias 0 to h be5 play$,la ,dame aux ,camlias 0 to h be5 play$ ,j'ai vu le soliel et la lune,j'ai vu le soleil et la lune ( an ,italian1 :o1 ad&on+( an ,italian1 :o1 ab&on+ old newspap]s be=e be=e meold newspap]s be=e me ,"o ! contr>y1 x gives,on ! contr>y1 x gives ! banquet ) ! app>ation ( ! murd]$! banquet ) ! app>ition ( ! murd]$ ,,ducal ,,connaisseurs,,ducal ,,connoisseurs ,hamburg !atre1 :]e op]as _h be5 p]=m$,hamburgh !atre1 :]e op]as _h be5 p]=m$ ,w(f5bttel caus$ ! directors ( ! ,hamburgh,wolf5bttel caus$ ! directors ( ! ,hamburgh retirem5t1 op]as by ,galuppi1 ,p]golesi1 ,jomelli1retirem5t1 op]as by ,galuppi1 ,p]golese1 ,jomelli1 ,gu+u5e1 at ,picc9ni's reque/,gu+u5e1 at ,picc9ni's reque/ ,if1 said ,gaetan1 on ano!r occasion1 le dieu de la danse,if1 said ,gaetan1 on ano!r occasion1 le di\ de la danse works1 _h to p]=m 9 ! ,clem5zo di ,titoworks1 _h to p]=m 9 ! ,clem5za di ,tito ,gluck b5efitt$ ,fr5* op]a 9 two ways,gluck b5efit$ ,fr5* op]a 9 two ways ,b]nadotte wore he w\ld h ,pa]1 & no "o else,b]nadotte swore he w\ld h ,pa]1 & no "o else ,! adm9i/ration ( ! ,!atre ( ! ,royal ,academy ( music,! adm9i/ration ( ! ,!atre ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music by "l ,fife--a ke5-ey$ connoisseurby ,"l ,fife--a ke5-ey$ connoisseur ,= ! "o hundr$ & eighty p\nd boxas,= ! "o hundr$ & eighty p\nd boxes mean:ile ,mr4 ,*amb]s _h b\ght up ,wat]'smean:ile ,mr4 ,*amb]s _h b\ght up ,wat]s's prima uomoprimo uomo ,madeimoselle,mademoiselle ,hadyn,haydn ,,la ,,muette ,,de ,,p>tici,,la ,,muette ,,de ,,portici #b ,la ,muette di ,portici,la ,muette de ,portici ?rew himself out ( w9d[1 at five 9 ! morn+?rew himself out ( a w9d[1 at five 9 ! morn+ ! op]a p]=m$1 & ! !atre sav$! op]a p]fom$1 & ! !atre sav$ s t ! ca/1 to be effici5ts t ! ca/e1 to be effici5t ,! "y g5tlem5 ( ,burgamo,! "y g5tlem5 ( ,b]gamo ,il ,puritani,i ,puritani g5]al en?usiamg5]al en?usiasm ,s*9dl]'s book is ! c\rse ( ne>ly,s*9dl]'s book is ! s\rse ( ne>ly ,b]lioz's v]sion ( ,d] ,freis*utz,b]lioz's v]sion ( ,d] ,freis*tz ,dame aux ,camelias,dame aux ,camlias ,d] ,freis*utz1 ( ,web],d] ,freis*tz1 ( ,web] ,mailly's ,akeb>,mailly's ,akb> ,m>re1 ,abb de la1 def5ds ,mddlle4 ,petit,m>re1 ,abb de la1 def5ds ,mdlle4 ,petit ,s+]s ( ! sev5te5? & eightte5? c5turies,s+]s ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies ,f5elon1 ,*ev4 de1 accid5tally kill$1 i4 #ha4;,fnlon1 ,*ev4 de1 accid5tally kill$1 i4 #ha4 ( ,cim>osa1 ,paesiello1 ,anfossi( ,cim>osa1 ,paisiello1 ,anfossi :]e are ,h(fman's lic5ti\s novels:]e are ,h(fmann's lic5ti\s novels 8 op9ion ( ,h(fman's music1 #cjf4;8 op9ion ( ,h(fmann's music1 #cjf4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,footnotes3 #a ,wagn] calls ! compos] ( an op]a ! sculptor or uphol/]]1 7:i* is complim5t>y to sculptors17 & ! writ] ( ! words ! ar*itect4 ,i w\ld r say t ! writ] ( ! words produces a sket*1 on :i* ! compos] pa9ts a picture4 ,s9ce writ+ ! above ,i f9d t ! greate/ ( ,fr5* poets describes an admirable libretto ( 8 own z un canevas d'opra plus ou mo9s bi5 dispos p\r que l'uvre musicale s'y sup]pose heureusem5t2 & aga91 une trame qui ne dem&e pas mieux que de se drob] s\s cette ri*e et bl\issante brod]ie qui s'appelle la musique4 7,preface to ,victor ,hugo's ,esm]alda47 #b ,mne/ri]1 des repres5tations en musique1 anci5nes et mod]nes1 page #bc4 #c ,see ,vol4 ,,ii4 #d ,cambronne1 by ! way is said to h be5 v mu* annoy$ at ! inv5tion ( ,la g>de meurt et ne se r5d pas2 & ) reason1 = he didn't die & he did surr5d]4 #e ,! battle or defeat ( ! ,swiss on ! day ( ,m>ignan4 #f ,?is 0 ,he9e's own joke4 #g ,& ?is1 ,beaum>*ais's4 #h ,la ,dame aux ,camlias 0 to h be5 play$ at ! ,/4 ,james's ,!atre la/ summ]1 ) ,madame ,do*e 9 ! pr9cipal "p2 b its repres5tation 0 =bidd5 by ! lic5s]4 #i ,spectator1 ,no4 #ah4 #aj ,life ( ,h&el1 by ,victor ,s*l*]4 #aa ,i adh]e to ! cu/om ( call+ ,m>g>ita de l',ep9e by h] pretty ,*ri/ian "n1 )\t any complim5t>y prefix1 & ( /yl+ h] probably m dignifi$ competitor1 ,mrs4 ,t(ts4 ,?us 9 lat] times x has be5 ! fa%ion to say1 ,j5ny ,l9d1 & ev5 ,giulia ,grisi1 b n ,!resa ,titi5s or ,h5rietta ,sontag4 #ab ,spectator1 ,no4 #bfa4 #ac ,burnt d[n 9 #aghi4 ,! pres5t edifice 0 erect$ f designs by ,mi*ael ,novosielski1 7:o1 to judge f 8 "n1 mu/ h be5 a ,russian or a ,pole71 9 #agij4 ,alt]$ & enl>g$ by ,na% & ,repton1 9 #ahaf--ah4 #ad ,x is to be regrett$1 h[ev]1 t 9 sne]+ at an ,italian libretti/ :o call$ ,h&el ,! ,orpheus ( our age1 ,addison ?\ght fit to speak ( ! great compos] ) nei!r polit5ess1 nor wit1 nor ev5 accuracy1 z ,mynhe]4--,spectator1 ,no4 ,v4 #ae ,! same tr5*ant critics :o attribute ,addison's satire ( ! ,op]a to ! failure ( 8 ,rosamond1 expla9 ,/eele's attacks by 8 position z pat5tee ( ,drury ,lane ,!atre4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 dates come to our assi/ance4 ,! jocose pap] on ,mrs4 ,t(t's insanity appe>$ 9 ! ,tatl]1 9 #agji4 ,! attacks ( ! unhappy ,clayton on ,h&el 7see foll[+ pages7 7 publi%$ "u ,/eele's auspices 9 ! ,spectator1 9 #agaa-ab4 ,/eele did n succe$ ,colli] z manag] or pat5tee ( ,drury ,lane1 toge!r ) ,wilks1 ,doggett1 & ,cibb]1 until #agad4 #af ,spectator1 #bij4 #ag ,! ,que5's g>d5]s4 #ah ,tatl]1 ,no4 #aac4 #ai ,spectator1 ,no4 #bhe4 #bj ,x is also kn[n t bo? pr(it$ by ! /udy ( ,sc>latti's works4 #ba ,see ,*apt] ,,ii4 #bb ,quot$ by ,mr4 ,hog>?1 9 8 ,memoirs ( ! ,op]a4 #bc ,! ,!atre4 ,f ,tuesday1 ,m>* #h?1 to ,saturday ,m>* #ab?1 #agbj4 #bd ,see a lett] ( ,dr4 ,h>r+ton's 7ref]r$ to by ,mr4 ,*appell71 9 ! ,mon?ly ,magaz9e1 ,vol4 ,,xi41 page #chf4 #be ,memoirs ( ! ,op]a1 ,vol4 ,i41 page #cga4 #bf ,! soprani/s--a species ( s+]s :i* ceas$ to be =m$ aft] ,pope ,clem5t ,,xiv4 sanction$ ! introduction ( female vocali/s into ! *ur*es ( ,rome1 & at ! same "t recomm5d$ !atrical directors to h wom5's p>ts 9 _! op]as p]=m$ by wom54 ,?is 0 9 #agfi4 #bg ,! ,dictionnaire ,musicale 0 n publi%$ until "s ye>s aft]w>ds4 #bh ,le ,vieux ,neuf1 p> ,ed\>d ,f\rni]1 t4 ii41 p4 #bic4 #bi ,see ,molire ,musici51 by ,ca/il ,blaze2 t4 ii1 p4 #bf4 #cj ,*oruses 7 introduc$ 9 ! e>lie/ ,italian ,op]as1 b !y d n appe> to h =m$ ess5tial p>ts ( ! dramas repres5t$4 #ca ,) ! important exception1 h[ev]1 ( ,don ,giovanni1 writt5 =1 & p]=m$ = ! fir/ "t1 at ,prague4 #cb ,vocal agility1 n gymna/ics4 #cc ,( ,fau/9a & ,cuzzoni1 ^: hi/ories are s intimately connect$ ) t ( ! ,royal ,academy ( ,music1 ,i h spok5 9 ! prec$+ *apt] on ,! ,italian ,op]a "u ,h&el4 #cd ,! copi\s title ( ?is "w is giv5 by ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 9 8 ,hi/oire de l',opra ,itali54 ,i _c obta9 ! book itself1 b ,mr4 ,hog>?1 9 8 ,memoirs ( ! ,op]a1 gives a v full acc\nt ( x1 f :i* ,i extract a few pages4 #ce ,f4 ,halvy1 ,orig9es de l',opra en ,france 79 ! volume entitl$ ,s\v5irs et ,portraits3 ,etudes sur les beaux ,arts74 #cf ,by ,m4 ,ca/il ,blaze1 ,hi/oire de l',acadmie ,royale de ,musique1 vol4 i4 p4 #aaf4 #cg ,= a copy ( 8 ,mass1 ,no4 #b4 #ch ,x 0 precisely because p]sons jo9+ ! ,op]a did n !reby lose _! nobility1 t ,m4 de ,cam>go cons5t$ to all[ 8 daught] to appe> !re4 ,see page #hi ( ?is volume4 #ci ,among o!r in/ances ( duels betwe5 wom5 may be cit$ a combat ) dagg]s1 :i* took place betwe5 ! abbess ( a conv5t at ,v5ice1 & a lady :o claim$ ! admiration ( ! ,abb de ,pomponne2 a combat ) swords betwe5 ,m>otte ,beaupr & ,ca!r9e des ,urlis1 actresses at ! ,hotel de ,b\rgogne1 :]e ! duel took place1 on ! /age 7came ( qu>rel unkn[n72 & a combat on horseback1 ) pi/ols1 ab\t a greyh\nd1 betwe5 two ladies :om ! hi/orian ,rob9et designates "u ! names ( ,ml9te & ,prlamie1 & 9 :i* ,ml9te 0 w\nd$4 #dj ,ca/il ,blaze4 #da ,x is n s g5]ally kn[n1 by ! way1 z x %\ld be1 t ,g>rick 0 ( ,fr5* orig94 ,! "n ( 8 fa!r1 :o left ,france aft] ! revocation ( ! ,edict ( ,nantes1 settl$ 9 ,engl& & m>ri$ an ,engli%woman1 0 ,c>ric4 7,see ! ,eigh? ,comm&m5t1 by ,*>les ,reade47 ,on ! o!r h& we mu/ n =get t "o ( ,molire's 7,poquel9's7 ance/ors 9 ! male l9e 0 an ar*] ( ! ,scotti% gu>d1 & t ,montaigne 0 ( ,engli% desc5t4 #db ,"o ( ,mademoiselle ,guim>d's pr9cipal admir]s 0 de ,j>5te1 ,titul> ,bi%op ( ,orleans1 :o held la feuilles des bnfices1 & frequ5tly dispos$ ( !m 9 accordance ) ! sugge/ions ( 8 "y fri5d4 #dc ,fr5* audi5ces owe some?+ to ! ,c\nt de ,lauragais :o1 by pay+ an imm5se sum ( money z comp5sation1 procur$ ! abolition ( ! seats on ! /age4 ,previ\sly1 ! habitus 7 9 ! habit ( cr[d+ ! /age to su* an ext5t1 t an actor 0 sometimes oblig$ to reque/ ! public to op5 a way = him be=e he c\ld make 8 entry4 #dd ,comp>e ?is ) ! ,duke ( ,well+ton keep+ foxh\nds 9 ! ,p59sula1 & obs]ve ! *>act]i/ic pa/imes ( ,engli% & ,fr5* g5]als4 ,s1 9 our ,h\se ( ,commons1 !re is always an adj\rnm5t ov] ! ,d]by day2 9 ,france1 no?+ us$ to empty ! ,*amb] ( ,deputies s mu* z a new op]a2 & dur+ ! la/ ,fr5* republic1 :5 a "q affect+ its v exi/5ce 0 ab\t to be discuss$1 ! ,assemble ,nationale 0 q des]t$1 f ! anxiety ( ! memb]s to be pres5t at ! fir/ repres5tation ( ! ,prophte4 #de ,on ?is subject see ante1 page #a4 #df ,gods & devils1 says ,arteaga1 7 bani%$ f ! /age z soon z poets discov]$ ! art ( mak+ m5 speak ) dignity4--,rivoluzioni del teatro ,italiano4 #dg ,publi%$ by ,john ,*apman1 ,london4 #dh ,addison gives "s su* description ( ! ,fr5* ,op]a 9 ,no4 #bi ( ! ,spectator4 #di ,! orig9 ( ?is absurd title has be5 already expla9$ 7page #ae74 #ej ,molire ,musici51 p> ,ca/il ,blaze1 vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #dji4 #ea ,gluck's "n proves no?+ to ! contr>y4 ,! ,slavonian languages are su* unkn[n tongues1 & s unpron\nceable to ! ,we/ ( ,europe t ,slavonians h 9 num]\s in/ances ,lat9is$ _! names l ,cop]nicus 7a ,pole71 or ,gallicis$ !m l ,*op9 7also a ,pole71 or above all1 h ,g]manis$ !m l ,gutt5b]g 7a native ( ,kutna ,gora 9 ,bohemia71 ,s*w>z5b]g 7f ,t*]na ,gora1 ! ,black ,m\nta974 #eb ,we h a "r to suppose t ! prie/ did n exactly "k = ^: arm ! mass 0 ord]$4 #ec ,( :i*1 ! be/ acc\nt ,i h met ) is giv5 9 ! memoirs ( ,fleury ! actor4 #ed ,f #ahba to #ahbh4 #ee ,= an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! production ( ?is "w1 see ,beaum>*ais's ,life & ,times1 by ,l\is de ,lomnie4 ,see also ! ,preface to ,t>>e1 9 ,beaum>*ais's ,dramatic ,works4 #ef ,see vol ,i4 #eg ,"q4 ,quelle e/ la meilleure8 ,answ]4 ,c'e/ ,m>a4 ,rejo9d]4 ,c'e/ bi5tt dit 7bi5 ,todi74--7,f a joke-book ( ! p]iod74 #eh ,a celebrat$ male soprano1 & "o ( ! la/ ( ! tribe4 #ei ,"s writ]s speak ( ,m>a z a viol9i/1 o!rs z a violoncelli/4 #fj ,banti 0 born at ,crema1 9 #ageg4 #fa ,nasol9i1 a compos] ( great promise1 di$ at a v e>ly age4 #fb ,all ?ree soprani/s4 #fc ,x w be rememb]$ t ,b]ton1 ! director ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 ent]ta9$ ,gluck & ,picc9ni 9 a simil> mann]4 7,see vol4 ,i47 #fd ,we sometimes he> compla9ts ( ! want ( munific5ce %[n by mod]n con/itutional sov]eigns1 9 _! deal+s ) arti/s & musicians4 ,at lea/1 h[ev]1 !y pay !m4 ,l\is ,,xv4 & ,l\is ,,xvi4 n only did n pay _! daught]s' music-ma/]s1 b all[$ ! royal "y ladies to sponge ^u !m = :at music !y requir$4 #fe ,9 *ronicl+ ! mat]ial *anges t h tak5 place at ! ,fr5* ,op]a1 ,i mu/ n =got ! /ory ( ! new curta91 display$ = ! fir/ "t1 9 #agec1 or r ! admirable inscription sugge/$ = x by ,did]ot--,hic ,m>sias ,apoll9em4 ,p]golese's ,s]vante ,maitresse 7,la ,s]va padrona7 _h j be5 cor*e by ! or*e/ra ( ! ,acadmie4 #ff ,mmoires ,secrtes1 vol4 xxi41 page #aba4 #fg ,?is prev5t$ me1 :5 ,i 0 9 ,w>saw1 f he>+ ,m4 ,moniuszko's ,poli% op]a ( ,halka4 #fh ,to say t a !atre is full 9 ! pres5t day1 means v little4 ,! play-bills & ev5 ! newspap]s speak ( a full h\se :5 x is half empty4 ,if a !atre is tol]ably full1 x is said to be cr[d$ or cramm$2 if q full1 cramm$ to suffocation4 ,& t ev5 9 ! colde/ wea!r6 #fi ,m4 de ,lam>t9e be=e writ+ ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,re/oration1 did n ev5 take ! tr\ble to f9d out :e!r or n ! ,duke ( ,well+ton l$ a cavalry *>ge at ! ,battle ( ,wat]loo4 ,! same au?or1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,girondi/1 gives an int]e/+ picture ( ,*>lotte ,corday's h\se at ,ca51 consid]$ z a ru94 ,be+ at ,ca5 "s ye>s ago1 ,i _h no tr\ble 9 f9d+ ,*>lotte ,corday's h\se1 b look$ 9 va9 = ! moss1 ! trickl+ wat]1 c41 introduc$ by ,m4 de ,lam>t9e 9 8 poetical1 b some:at too fanciful description4 ,! h\se 0 9 good repair1 z ! auctione]s say1 & p]sons :o _h liv$ a great _m ye>s 9 ! same /reet assur$ me t !y _h nev] kn[n x z a ru94--,s4 ,e4 #gj ,!re 0 a ,m>quis de ,l\vois1 b he 0 employ$ z a sc5e-%ift]4 #ga ,x 0 built *iefly ) ! money ( ,danton & ,sba/ian ,lacroix4 #gb ,tw5ty-eight ?\s& francs a ye>1 to :i* ,napoleon always add$ twelve ?\s& 9 pres5ts1 ) an annual cong ( f\r mon?s4 #gc ,accord+ to ,m4 ,?i]s1 ! pret5d$ copies ( ! secret articles1 sold to ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t1 7 n g5u9e1 & ! money paid = !m 0 mal gagn4 #gd ,alex&] ,,ii4 gives ,v]di an honor>ium ( #hj1jjj r\bles = ! op]a he is n[ writ+ = ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,! "w1 ( c\rse1 rema9s ,signor ,v]di's prop]ty4 #ge ,n\velle ,biographie de ,moz>t4 ,mosc\1 #ahdc4 #gf ,!re are num]\s analogies betwe5 ! v>i\s ,spani% leg5ds ( ,don ,juan1 ! ,anglo-,saxon & ,g]man leg5ds ( ,fau/1 & ! ,poli% leg5d ( ,tw>d[ski4 ,x might be %[n t !y 7 all begott5 by ! leg5d ( ,!ophilus ( ,syracuse1 & t _! late/ desc5dant is ,pun* ( ,london4 #gg ,madame ,alboni has appe>$ z ,z]l9a1 & s+s ! music ( ?is1 z ( e o!r "p t %e und]takes1 to p]fection2 b %e is n s intimately associat$ ) ! "* z ! o!r vocali/s m5tion$ above4 #gh ,wat]s appe>s to h sp5t ne>ly all ! money he made dur+ ! seasons ( #ahad & #ahae1 9 improv+ ! h\se4 #gi ,aft] receiv+1 ! fir/ ye> %e sang 9 ,london1 two ?\s& gu9eas1 7five hundr$ m ?an 0 paid to ,banti17 %e decl>$ t h] price 0 ridicul\sly l[1 & t to reta9 h] ci voglioni molte mila lira /]l9e4 ,%e dem&$ & obta9$ five ?\s&4 #hj ,!re is a sci5tific ,g]man m9d & a romantic ,g]man m9d1 & ,i p]haps ne$ sc>cely say1 t ,web]'s music appe>s to me ?or\ghly ,g]man1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! leg5ds & ballads ( ,g]many belong ?or\ghly to t c\ntry4 #ha ,z = in/ance :]e ,semiramide is describ$ z an op]a writt5 9 ! ,g]man /yle6 #hb ,x w\ld be absurd to say t if ,ross9i _h set ! ,m>riage ( ,fig>o to music1 he w\ld h produc$ a f9] "w ?an ,moz>t's ma/]piece on ! same subject2 b ,ross9i's g5ius1 by its comic side1 is f> m ak9 to t ( ,beaum>*ais1 ?an is ,moz>t's4 ,moz>t has giv5 a t5d] poetic "* to _m portions ( 8 ,m>riage ( ,fig>o1 :i* ! orig9al com$y does n possess at all4 ,9 p>ticul>1 he has s elevat$ ! "p ( ,*]ub9o by pure & beautiful melodies1 z to h completely trans=m$ x4 ,x is surely no disp>agem5t to ,moz>t1 to say1 t he took a high] view ( life ?an ,beaum>*ais 0 capable (8 ,i may add1 t1 9 comp>+ ,ross9i ) ,beaum>*ais1 x mu/ always be rememb]$ t ! =m] possesses ! highe/ dramatic tal5t ( a s]i\s1 passionate k9d--witness ,otello & ,william ,tell2 :]eas ,beaum>*ais's s]i\s dramatic works1 su* z ,la ,mre ,c\pable1 ,les ,deux ,amis1 & ,eugnie 7! be/ ( ! ?ree71 are v inf]ior productions4 #hc ,! s]i\s op]a consi/$ ( ! foll[+ p]sons3 ! primo uomo 7soprano71 prima donna1 & t5or2 ! secondo uomo 7soprano71 seconda donna & ultima p>te1 7bass74 ,! company = ! comic op]a consi/$ ( ! primo buffo 7t5or71 prima buffa1 buffo c>icato 7bass71 seconda buffa & ultima p>te 7bass74 ,!re 7 also ! uomo s]io & donna s]ia1 g5]ally ! second man & woman ( ! s]i\s op]a4 #hd ,! ,san ,c>lo1 ,b5$etti ,!atre1 c41 are nam$ aft] ! p>i%es 9 :i* !y are built4 #he ,p>ticul>ly celebrat$ = h] p]=mance ( ! brilliant "p ( ! h]o9e 9 ,la ,c5]5tola1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 n writt5 = h]4 #hf ,:5 ,madame ,pa/a sang at conc]ts1 aft] h] retirem5t f ! /age1 h] fav\rite air 0 /ill ,tancr$i's ,di tanti palpiti4 #hg ,mmorial de ,sa9te ,hlne4 #hh ,lutce p> ,h5ri ,he9e 7a ,fr5* v]sion1 by ,he9e himself1 ( 8 lett]s f ,p>is to ! ,allgeme9e ,zeitung74 #hi ,he p]si/$ 9 ?is decl>ation1 9 spite ( 8 judges1 :o 7 n a%am$ to resort to torture1 9 ! hope ( extract+ a full confession f him4 ,! ?umb-screw & ! rack 7 n1 x is true1 employ$2 b s5t9els 7 /ation$ 9 ! wret*$ man's cell1 ) ord]s n to all[ him a mom5t's sleep1 until he confess$4 #ij ,! ,acadmie ,royale became ! ,opra ,national2 ! ,opra ,national1 aft] its e/abli%m5t 9 ! abode ( ! =m] ,?tre ,national1 became ! ,?tre des ,arts2 & ! ,?tre des ,arts1 ! ,?tre de la ,rpublique et des ,arts4 ,napoleon's ,?tre des ,arts became soon aft]w>ds ! ,acadmie ,impriale1 ! ,acadmie ,impriale ! ,acadmie ,royale1 ! ,acadmie ,royale ! ,acadmie ,nationale1 ! ,acadmie ,nationale once m ! ,acadmie ,impriale1 & ! ,acadmie ,impriale simply ! ,?tre de l',op]a1 by f> ! be/ title t c\ld be giv5 to x4 #ia ,i 0 9 ,p>is at ! "t1 b1 ,i =get ! specific objections urg$ by ! doctor aga9/ ! ,freis*tz set be=e him at ! ,acadmie ,nationale1 z ! !atre 0 !n call$4 ,d\btless1 h[ev]1 he did n1 among o!r *anges1 approve ( add$ recitatives4 #ib ,no4 #a4--,vive ,h5ri ,,iv4 ,no4 #b4--,la ,m>seillaise4 ,no4 #c4--,p>tant p\r la ,syrie4 ,no4 #d4--,la ,p>isi5ne4 ,no4 #e4--,p>tant p\r la ,syrie 7encor$74 ,no4 #f4--8 #ic ,moz>t1 ,cim>osa1 ,web]1 ,hrold1 ,bell9i1 & ,m5delssohn4 #id ,9 ! case ( ,il ,crociato1 h[ev]1 ! model 0 an ,italian "o4 #ie ,ross9i's natural inability to sympa?ize ) soprani/s is "o m great po9t 9 8 fav\r4 #if ,= in/ance3 ,fra ,diavolo & ,les ,diamans la ,c\ronne4 #ig ,! second1 ,le ,duc d',albe1 0 entru/$ to ,donizetti1 :o di$ )\t complet+ ! score4 #ih ,n\rrit 0 ! au?or ( la ,sylphide1 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & be/ design$ ballets ev] produc$2 t is to say1 he compos$ ! libretto = :i* ,taglioni arrang$ ! gr\ps & dances4 #ii ,see ,rayn\>d's v]aci\s ,hi/oire des ,tr\bad\rs4 #ajj ,:5 are we to he> ! la/ ( ! ovations :i* s+]s are said to receive :5 !y obta91 or ev5 d n obta91 any v triumphant success8 ,a great _m s+]s 9 ! pres5t day w\ld be q hurt if a j\rnal 7 simply to record _! triumph4 ,an ovation seems to !m mu* m important2 & x _c be said t ?is misappreh5sion is entirely _! fault4 #aja ,t is to say1 a qu>t] or a ?ird "p ( an in*4 #ajb ,:at a pity ,i did n ?9k ( ?is city fifty ye>s ago6 exclaim$ ,signor ,badiali1 :5 he made 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ,london1 9 #ahei4 #ajc ,joanna ,wagn]4 #ajd ,ri*>d ,wagn]4 #aje ,tancr$i4 #ajf ,once m1 ,i may m5tion t ! romantic op]a 79 ! s5se 9 :i* ! ,fr5* say romantic drama17 0 f\nd$ by ,da ,ponte & ,moz>t1 ! =m] furni%+ ! plan1 ! latt] con/ruct+ ! "w--,! ,op]a ( ,op]as4 #ajg ,! gi/ ( ,m4 ,l5z's accusations aga9/ ,m4 ,oulibi*eff am\nts to ?is3 t ! latt]1 believ+ ,moz>t to h atta9$ p]fection 9 music1 consid]$ x impossible to g beyond him4 ,ou ce c>actre d'univ]salit que ,moz>t imprime quelques-un de ses plus gr&es *efs-d'uvre1 says ,m4 ,oulibi*eff4 ,m'avait p>u le progrs imm5se que la musique att5dait p\r se con/itu] df9itivem5t1--p\r se con/itu]1 avais-je dit1 et non p\r ne plus avanc]4 ,accord+ to ,m4 ,l5z1 on ! o!r h&1 ,moz>t's ma/]-pieces 7aft] ^? :i* ,m4 ,l5z discov]s among 8 late/ compositions71 are :at prep>atory /udies are to a great "w4 #ajh ,new =m ( 8 ov]tures1 national melodies1 c4--7,/rak]74 ,love ( traditions1 melan*oly1 fanciful1 spiritual2 also popul>4--7,d] ,freis*tz74 #aji ,i w n "h ent] into ! "q :e!r or n ,mey]be] desecrat$ ?is hymn by introduc+ x into an op]a4 ,su* 0 ! op9ion ( ,m5delssohn1 :o ?\ght t b = ,mey]be] & ! ,hugu5ots1 ,lu!r's hymn might h be5 befitt+ly introduc$ 9 an oratorio :i* he int5d$ to compose on ! subject ( ! ,re=mation4 #aaj ,ano!r pro( t ?is device is n new 9 ! h&s ( ,h]r ,wagn]4