,transcriber's ,note3 ,bold text is surrounded by equal signs and italic text is surrounded by underscores4 ,,gardening ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,practical ,,arts ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,a ,series ,uniform with this ,volume ,each book1 illustrated1 #ge cents net ,,cookery ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,sewing ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,work ,,and ,,play ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,housekeeping ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,gardening ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,illustration3 ,,puzzle ,,picture1--,,find ,,the ,,little ,,girl ,,gardening ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,by ,,olive ,,hyde ,,foster ,,author ,,of ,,cookery ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,sewing ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,housekeeping ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,illustration ,,new ,,york ,,duffield ,,company #aiag ,copyright1 #aiaf by ,,house ,,and ,,garden ,copyright1 #aiaf1 by ,,housewives ,,magazine ,copyright1 #aiag1 by ,,st4 ,,nicholas ,the ,century ,co4 ,copyright1 #aiag1 by ,,countryside ,,magazine ,the ,independent ,co4 ,copyright1 #aiag1 by ,,olive ,,hyde ,,foster ,,dedicated ,,to ,junior and ,allan1 ,two of the dearest children that ever showed love for the soil4 ,preface ,children take naturally to gardening1 and few occupations count so much for their development1--mental1 moral and physical4 ,where children's garden clubs and community gardens have been tried1 the little folks have shown an aptitude surprising to their elders1 and under exactly the same natural1 climatic conditions1 the children have often obtained astonishingly greater results4 ,moreover1 in the poor districts many a family table1 previously unattractive and lacking in nourishment1 has been made attractive as well as nutritious1 with their fresh green vegetables and flowers4 ,ideas of industry and thrift1 too1 are at the same time inculcated without words1 and habits formed that affect their character for life4 ,a well-known ,new ,york ,city ,public ,school superintendent once said to me that she had a flower bed every year in the children's gardens1 where a troublesome boy could always be controlled by giving to him the honor of its care and keeping4 ,the love of nature1 whether inborn or acquired1 is one of the greatest sources of pleasure1 and any scientific knowledge connected with it of inestimable satisfaction4 ,carlyle's lament was1 ,would that some one had taught me in childhood the names of the stars and the grasses4 ,it is with the hope of helping both mothers and children that this little book has been most lovingly prepared4 ,,contents ,,chapter ,,page ,i ,,first ,,steps ,,toward ,a ,,garden #a ,,ii ,,planning ,,and ,,planting ,,the ,,flower ,,beds #i ,,iii ,,flowers ,,that ,,must ,,be ,,renewed ,,every ,,year 7,,annuals7 #ai ,,iv ,,flowers ,,that ,,live ,,through ,,two ,,years #cj ,v ,,flowers ,,that ,,come ,,up ,,every ,,year ,,by ,,themselves 7,,perennials7 #cg ,,vi ,,flowers ,,that ,,spring ,,from ,a ,,storehouse 7,,bulbs ,,and ,,tubers7 #dh ,,vii ,,that ,,queen--,,the ,,rose #eh ,,viii ,,vines1 ,,tender ,,and ,,hardy #ga ,,ix ,,shrubs ,,we ,,love ,,to ,,see #gh ,x ,,vegetable ,,growing ,,for ,,the ,,home ,,table #hb ,,xi ,,your ,,garden',s ,,friends ,,and ,,foes #id ,,xii ,a ,,morning-,,glory ,,playhouse #ajb ,,xiii ,,the ,,work ,,of ,a ,,children',s ,,garden ,,club #ajg ,,xiv ,,the ,,care ,,of ,,house ,,plants #aae ,,xv ,,gifts ,,that ,,will ,,please ,a ,,flower ,,lover #acj ,,xvi ,,the ,,gentlewoman',s ,,art--,,arranging ,,flowers #acg ,,illustrations ,,puzzle ,,picture1--,,find ,,the ,,little ,,girl1 ,frontispiece ,,facing ,,page ,,first ,,work ,,in ,,the ,,spring #ad ,,kim ,,and ,,columbine #dj ,,taking ,,care ,,of ,,table ,,ferns #ef ,,cleaning ,,up ,,around ,,the ,,shrubs #gh ,,all ,,ready ,,to ,,hoe #ij ,,an ,,outgrown ,,playhouse #aab ,,spring ,,beauties #abf ,,line ,,drawings ,,in ,,text ,,page ,,plan ,,for ,a ,,small ,,back ,,yard #ab ,,an ,,artistic ,,arrangement ,,of ,a ,,narrow ,,city ,,lot #ad ,,flowers ,,that ,,will ,,bloom ,,from ,,early ,,summer ,,until ,,frost #af ,,blossoms ,,in ,,japanese ,,arrangement #ach ,,note ,as the desire is to give the widest possible range of information about the plants and flowers mentioned herein1 and space forbids going into details in each case1 the writer has endeavored to mention all the colors1 extremes of height1 and entire season of bloom of each kind4 ,but the grower must find out the particular variety obtained1 and ,,not expect a shrubby clematis to climb1 or a fall rose to blossom in the spring6 ,,gardening ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,a garden is a lovesome thing1 ,god wot6 ,rose plot1 ,fringed pool1 ,fern'd grot-- ,the veriest school ,of peace2 and yet the fool ,contends that ,god is not-- ,not ,god6 in gardens6 when the eve is cool8 ,nay but ,i have a sign3 ',tis very sure ,god walks in mine4 --,thomas ,edward ,brown4 ,,gardening ,,for ,,little ,,girls ,,chapter ,i ,first ,steps ,toward a ,garden ,and because the breath of flowers is far sweeter in the air 7where it comes and goes1 like the warbling of music7 than in the hand1 therefore nothing is more fit for that delight than to know what be the flowers and plants that do best perfume the air4 --,bacon4 ,,if you want a flower garden1 you can begin work as early as ,march4 ,does that sound strange1--with cold winds and occasional snow8 ,ah1 but the plans should all be laid then1 and many things started in the house4 ,four steps must be taken before starting actual work3 ,first4--,find out what space you can have for your garden4 ,second4--,consider the soil1 situation1 surroundings4 ,third4--,make a list of seeds1 bulbs1 etc41 desired4 ,fourth4--,decide on planting with view to height and color4 ,as to the first step1 find out positively where you can have your garden4 ,it makes considerable difference whether you can have the whole back yard1 a plot along the walk1 a round bed in the center of the lawn 7only worse than none at all671 or a window-box4 ,you can not very well decide on a single plant until this is settled4 ,as to the second step1 learn all you can about the soil1 situation1 surroundings4 ,is your ground rich or poor8 ,if light and sandy1 you can grow such flowers as nasturtiums and mignonette4 ,by adding fertilizer you can have poppies1 roses1 and dahlias4 ,if the ground is heavy and stiff with clay1 you can still have your roses and dahlias if you will add both manure and sand4 ,so find out what kind of earth you are going to work with4 ,quite poor soil will grow sweet alyssum1 ,california poppies1 coreopsis and geraniums1 while rich soil is needed for asters1 larkspur1 zinnias and marigolds4 ,and think about your location 7a dry spot being necessary for portulaca1 and a cool1 moist place for lily-of-the-valley71 as well as bear in mind whether your garden is sheltered and warm or exposed to the chilly winds4 ,any desert can be made to blossom as the rose1--if you only know how4 ,as to the third step1 make the list of the seeds1 bulbs1 etc41 that you would like1 with the idea of having some flowers in bloom the whole summer long4 ,if you are lucky enough to have a kind friend or neighbor give you of her store1 they will probably be good and come up as they should4 ,if you have to buy1 though1 be sure to go to a first-class1 reliable dealer1 for you don't want to waste your time and money on old things that won't grow4 ,then last of all1 decide on your planting from this list with a view to height and color1 so that you will arrange to the best advantage1--the nasturtiums which climb1 for instance1 going to the back of the bed against wall or trellis1 while the dwarf variety should be at the front4 ,,big ,,words ,,for ,,common ,,things ,to select your flowers intelligently1 though1 you must know something about their nature1 habits1 and tendencies1 and certain words always found in seed catalogues and garden books may be puzzling to a beginner4 a4 ,annuals1 for example1 are the plants that live but a year or a single season4 b4 ,biennials1 however1 continue for two years before they perish1 making roots and leaves the first year and usually flowering the second4 c4 ,perennials are the kind that continue for more than two years4 d4 ,deciduous refers to the shrubs and trees that lose their leaves in the fall4 e4 ,evergreens are those that keep their verdure the whole year round4 f4 ,herbaceous plants may be annual1 biennial or perennial1 but they have a stem that does not become woody1 and that dies down after flowering4 g4 ,hybrids are plants produced by crossing1 or mixing two distinct varieties4 ,,plant ,,needs ,all plant life1 you must understand1 requires five things1--,,warmth1 ,,light1 ,,air1 ,,water and ,,food4 ,but plants differ as much as people1 and some need more of one thing than they do of another4 ,some grow best in sunlight1 others in the shade2 some in sand1 others in rich soil4 ,you will have to find out what each kind requires4 ,the food properties needed in the soil have some big names1 too1--nitrogen1 potash1 and phosphoric acid1 all of which are found in farm manures4 ,if you can not conveniently get these1 however1 florists and seed-men can supply you with other fertilizers more easily handled4 ,,the ,,seed ,,nursery ,if you are just getting ready to start your garden1 the annuals1--the plants that flower from seed the first season though they do not come up again1--will probably interest you most as they give the quickest returns4 ,many kinds can be started in the house in ,march1 and for this purpose any kind of a shallow box will answer4 ,bore holes in the bottom and put in a layer of broken pottery or stones1 to permit drainage1 so the roots will not rot4 ,fill three or four inches deep with good soil1 after pulverizing and taking out all sticks and stones4 ,,rules ,,for ,,indoor ,,planting ,mark grooves in seed boxes 7or flats7 with a stick1 in parallel lines4 ,plant seeds only about their own depth4 ,scatter thinly to avoid crowding4 ,press soil down firmly after seeds have been covered4 ,keep the earth moist by means of a fine spray1 or sprinkle with a whisk broom4 ,the ordinary sprinkler lets out the water with such force as to wash the seeds clear out of the ground4 ,the very finest seeds should be sprinkled lightly--and thinly--over the pulverized soil and then pressed into the earth with a small board4 ,the different seeds should be sown in separate rows1 and the names plainly marked on the edge of the box1 so you will not become confused1 or forget what you are growing4 ,cover the boxes with glass or a newspaper for the first week1 to keep the earth moist and warm until the seeds sprout4 ,,familiar ,,annuals ,even as early as ,march you can start in the boxes in this way any of the following annuals1 which will bloom at the time mentioned or even earlier3-- ,ageratum1 blue1 good for edging2 blooms for three months during summer4 ,asters1 white1 pink1 red1 purple2 early in the fall4 ,alyssum1 sweet1 white2 from ,may to ,november4 ,amethyst1 blue1 violet1 white2 flowers all summer4 ,balsam1 white1 red1 yellow2 from ,july to middle of ,september4 ,chrysanthemum1 tricolor2 ,august to middle of ,october4 ,cosmos1 white1 pink1 crimson2 ,august to ,november4 ,cypress vine1 red1 and white starry blossoms2 ,june and ,july4 ,godetia1 red1 white2 ,july to ,october4 ,moonflower 7,japanese morning-glory71 white1 a vine2 ,august to ,september4 ,pansy1 all shades and combinations1 of white1 yellow1 purple2 ,july on4 ,chinese pink1 white1 rose1 maroon2 ,may to ,august4 ,salvia1 red2 ,august to frost4 ,ten ,weeks' ,stock1 white1 pink1 purple2 ,june and ,july4 ,zinnia1 red1 yellow1 magenta2 ,july to ,november4 ,,easily ,,grown ,,perennials ,both the perennials and the biennials following should all blossom the first year if started in the house in ,march3-- ,gaillardia1 red1 yellow4 ,forget-me-not1 lovely blue4 ,larkspur1 blue4 ,snapdragon1 white1 red1 purple1 yellow1 pink4 ,sweet ,william1 white1 pink1 red1 maroon1 plain1 varigated4 ,coreopsis1 yellow4 ,cupid's ,dart1 blue4 ,iceland ,poppy1 yellow1 white1 scarlet4 ,get as many as you can--and your space will permit1--of all the lovely old perennials and the bulbs that come up every season with little or no care4 ,one of the oldest1--now deserted--farmhouses on ,long ,island1 still carries in its dooryard the impress of some gentle flower-lover long since passed away1 in its annual spring beauty of daffodils and lilies-of-the-valley4 ,and the few bulbs and pips transplanted from there to my own garden1 have thrived and spread so profusely that ,i1 too1 can pass them on to others4 ,,hardy ,,flowers ,,all ,,summer ,with carefully chosen bulbs and perennials alone1 it is possible to have a succession of lovely blooms4 ,in ,march your heart will be made happy with snowdrop and crocus2 in ,april with violet1 daffodil1 narcissus1 hyacinth and tulip2 in ,may and ,june with spirea1 peony1 iris1 forget-me-not1 columbine1 baby's breath1 bleeding heart1 mountain pink1 candytuft1 ,chinese pink2 in ,july and ,august1 golden glow1 hollyhock1 larkspur1 hardy phlox1 snap-dragon2 ,september and ,october1 sunflower1 dahlia1 gladiolus and aster1 with ,november closing the season with all kinds of beautiful chrysanthemums4 ,and many of these often come earlier than expected1 or stay later4 ,how easily raised are they by the person with little time6 ,,chapter ,,ii ,planning and ,planting the ,flower ,beds ,god the first garden made4--,cowley4 ,,while the snow is on the ground1 you can be deciding on the best place for your garden1 and finding out the kind of flowers and vegetables best suited to your soil and locality4 ,write to your ,representative at ,washington1 requesting the seeds he may have to give away4 ,write to two or three prominent seed firms for catalogues1 and look over the garden books at your ,public ,library4 ,then if you do not quickly find yourself suffering from a violent attack of ,garden ,fever1 you might as well give up1 and not attempt to have a garden1 for you will be lacking the real love and enthusiasm that count for success4 ,did you ever realize that gardens differ as much as people8 ,no two gardens1 no two human faces1 were ever quite alike1 says one writer1 and you want to make yours expressive of yourself4 ,so before taking another step1 study your grounds1 large and small1--for if you can have only part of a tiny plot1 you still have many possibilities of expressing your own ideas and taste4 ,the garden is for the personal pleasure of the family1 so ,,don',t put it out in front1 for the careless passerby4 ,choose a more secluded spot where1 if you wish1 you can train a vine to shade your seat when you want to sit down and enjoy the birds1 butterflies and flowers4 ,,easy ,,rules ,,for ,,artistic ,,planting ,right here is the place to stop and draw a map of your proposed garden1 and mark off the spaces for your chosen plants4 ,you might draw half a dozen plans1 and then choose the most suitable4 ,only never forget the simple rules of a famous landscape gardener3-- #a4 ,plant in masses1 not isolated4 #b4 ,avoid straight lines4 #c4 ,preserve open lawn centers4 ,when you have decided on the location of your garden1 coax some one stronger than yourself to dig up the ground thoroughly1 and spade in some fertilizer1--preferably farmyard manure4 ,plants live on the tonic salts they draw out of the soil through their roots1 as much as they do on the carbonic acid gas which they take out of the air through their leaves4 ,so have the ground nourishing1 and also nicely pulverized and free from sticks and stone1 that the little rootlets can easily work their way through and find their needed nutriment4 ,never forget that third rule before mentioned1--,preserve open lawn centers4 ,a beautiful lawn is as satisfying to the eye as flowers1 so never spoil one by cutting it up with beds4 ,they can be put along the sides1 used for bordering walks1 and nestled close to the house4 ,,plan ,,for ,,small ,,back ,,yard ,one of the loveliest gardens ,i know is at the back end of a city lot1 not more than thirty feet square1 with a plot of velvety grass in the center4 ,the irregular border surrounding this bit of lawn is a mass of flowers from earliest spring until black frost1--from ,march until ,december1--and delights the whole neighborhood4 ,the secret lies in the fact that the owner knows how to plant for succession of bloom4 ,the ground is laid out this way4 ,illustration3 ,,plan ,,for ,a ,,small ,,back ,,yard ,if you can have only a single flower bed1 however1 try to get it in a sunny1 protected spot1 preferably facing south1 where the cold winds of early spring and late fall will do the least damage4 ,make a list of the flowers that like such conditions1--and most of them do1--and then pick out those you prefer1 writing after each name the time that it blooms4 ,be sure to select some of each of the early spring1 late spring1 summer1 early fall1 and late fall1 so that you will have flowers to enjoy the whole season through4 ,,succession ,,of ,,bloom ,for example1 you can choose first from the crocus1 snowdrop1 scilla1 the hardy candytuft that rivals the snow for whiteness1 and the tiny creeping phlox that will carpet your bed with pink2 next1 from the daffodil1 narcissus and jonquil groups1 with the tulips1--all of which must be set out in the fall for bloom in ,april and ,may3 then the iris in ,may and ,june4 ,sweet alyssum1 nasturtiums1 corn flowers1 ,shirley poppies and cosmos 7all annuals71 you can count on blooming around ,new ,york from ,july to black frost2 dahlias from ,august to black frost1 and monthly roses the entire summer1--with a tidal wave in ,june4 7,i know1 for ,i have seen them all1 over and over again47 ,many of the annuals can be started indoors1 or in a glass-covered box outside4 ,then when the early flowering bulbs have faded1 you can turn their green tops under the ground1 first to allow the sap to run back into the bulb 7the storehouse for next year71 and next to decay and fertilize the soil4 ,the annual seedlings can then be placed right on top6 ,you thus avoid bare1 ugly spots1 and keep your garden lovely4 ,dahlias planted out about the first of ,june will bloom from early fall until cold weather sets in2 and certain roses1 like the ,mrs4 ,john ,laing and all of the hybrid teas1 will flower nearly as late4 ,in fact1 in the famous rose garden of ,jackson ,park1 ,chicago1 as well as in private grounds around ,new ,york1 ,i have seen roses blooming in ,december4 ,you hardly need be afraid of crowding1 either1 if you will be particular to keep out the weeds1 and occasionally work into the soil some bone-meal for fertilizer4 ,water in dry weather4 ,this does not mean top sprinkling1 for that is decidedly injurious4 ,when the ground is dry1 soak it thoroughly4 ,a ,,city ,,garden ,illustration3 ,,an ,,artistic ,,arrangement ,,of ,a ,,narrow ,,city ,,lot ,illustration3 ,,first ,,work ,,in ,,the ,,spring ,if you live in a city1 you may be interested in a garden ,i have seen1 which ran along the side and rear end of a long1 narrow lot4 ,the tallest flowers1--dahlias and hollyhocks1--were at the back of the bed1 at the extreme end1 and although late in flowering1 formed a beautiful green background for the rest all summer4 ,the first irregular section was given up to the blues1 and--planted with both annual and perennial larkspur1 and cornflowers1--kept the dining-table supplied with blossoms to match the old blue china until the frost came4 ,frost1 by the way1 you will find of two kinds1--hoar frost1 which the ,psalmist so vividly described when he said1 ,he scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes1 and which injures only the tenderest flowers2 and black frost1 which is of intense enough cold to freeze the sap within the plant cells1 so that when the sun's heat melts this frozen sap the plant--leaf and stalk--wilts down and turns black4 ,therefore1 both in the early spring and the late fall1 you must watch out for ,jack1 whichever garb he dons1 and give your tender plants some nighty covering4 ,a ,,little ,,bed ,,for ,a ,,little ,,girl ,if you can have only one small bed1 however1 you can get a lot of pleasure out of it most of the season if you will carefully choose your plants4 ,pansies set along the outer edge will blossom until mid-summer if you keep them picked and watered every day2 and verbenas1 which have the same harmonizing shades1 you can count on blooming until late in the fall4 ,they would be attractive in either of the following simple designs3 ,illustration3 ,,flowers ,,that ,,will ,,bloom ,,from ,,early ,,summer ,,until ,,frost ,candytuft for a border1 with petunias in the center1 is another combination that should blossom from ,june until frost4 ,poppies and cornflowers would also last all summer if you would keep out part of the seed and sow a couple of times at intervals of several weeks4 ,the combinations of red and blue is very pretty1 too4 ,sweet alyssum1 with red or pink geraniums1 would be lovely all season4 ,for an all yellow bed1 plant ,california poppies to bloom early in the border1 and ,african marigolds1 or ,tom ,thumb nasturtiums to bloom in the center from ,july on late into the fall4 ,with any of the combinations suggested you could gather flowers almost any time you pleased1 for they are all profuse bloomers4 ,,window ,,boxes ,if you are a little city child1 and can have only a flower box in a window or along a porch-rail1 cheer up6 ,there is still a chance for you to have posies all the long hot days4 ,after having your box filled with good1 rich soil on top of a layer of broken crockery or stones1--for drainage1 you know1--you can plant running nasturtiums along the edge for a hanging vine4 ,inside of that plant a row of the blue lobelia1 or set in a few pansies already in bloom4 ,then you would have room for still another row of taller plants1--say pink and white geraniums1 with a fern or two4 ,another pretty box could be made by putting ,wandering ,jew or inch plant along the edge for the drooping vine1 then blue ageratum for your edging1 with next a row of lovely pink begonias4 ,as it takes a number of weeks for any seeds to grow and come to flower1 you might better save your candy pennies and buy a few blooming plants from the spring pedlar4 ,they will gladden your heart while waiting4 ,all kinds of green add to these little boxes1 and all the white flowers soften and help to blend the bright colors4 ,china asters1 in white1 pink1 and lavender1 are lovely in a window box1 and if started in shallow trays or old pots early in the spring1 can be transplanted later4 ,then when your early flowers have seen their best days1 you can remove them1 put in your asters1 and have beauties all fall4 ,,chapter ,,iii ,flowers that ,must be ,renewed ,every ,year--7,annuals7 ,and 'tis my faith that every flower enjoys the air it breathes4 --,wordsworth4 ,,if you want flowers that grow quickly1 plant annuals6 ,some will bloom within six weeks1 so if you can help out meantime with some transplanted roots and bulbs1 you will have flowers from the first of the season4 ,plant thickly1 says one writer4 ,it is easier and more profitable to grow flowers than weeds4 ,the following annuals can be sown outdoors late in ,april1 as far ,north as ,new ,york1 in ordinary seasons1--only remember that those marked with a 99 do not like to be transplanted3-- ,alyssum ,aster ,candytuft ,chrysanthemum 7,annual7 ,coreopsis 7,annual7 ,cosmos ,godetia ,larkspur 7,annual7 ,marigold ,nicotiana ,pansy ,petunia ,phlox ,drummondi ,pink1 ,chinese ,salvia ,stock1 ,ten ,weeks' ,zinnia 99 ,california ,poppy 99 ,cornflower 99 ,mignonette 99 ,morning glory 99 ,nasturtium 99 ,portulaca 99 ,sweet ,sultan ,,outdoor ,,planting ,have the soil in your flower bed made fine and light with sand and fertilizer1 and entirely free from sticks and stones4 ,if it should happen to be already too sandy1 add black loam or leaf mold4 7,either father or brother will probably have time to help you get this right47 ,plant your seeds evenly1 and rather sparingly if you do not want to pull up a lot later on account of being crowded4 ,and you can plant either in lines or scatter in patches in bed or border1 as you prefer1 only be sure that the seed is covered about four times its own depth4 ,a few things1 like poppies and portulaca1 have such tiny seeds that it is best to mix them with half a teaspoonful of fine soil1 and scatter it where you wish1 afterwards pressing down firmly with a small board4 ,,transplanting--,,annuals ,when your plants have developed a few leaves1 and are big enough to handle1 prepare to transplant them4 ,this exercise does them good1 and while a few resent it1 the rest will grow better and be stronger4 ,choose morning or evening for the work1 although it can be done at any time on a cloudy day4 7,one of my friends loves to do her transplanting in the rain67 ,be sure that the ground is thoroughly damp1 even if you have to sprinkle it well beforehand4 ,,puddling ,lift each seedling with a spoon1 so as to keep a ball of the moist earth around the roots1 set it in a hole made where you want your flower to grow1 and then fill up this hole with water before you begin to put in the rest of the soil4 ,this is called puddling1 and will enable you to do your transplanting with the least possible disturbance to the roots4 ,next add all the soil necessary to fill up the hole1 and press firmly around the plant4 ,then cover with an old can or berry box1 or even a cone of newspaper held in place with stones1 until the seedling has had time to get used to its new surroundings4 ,and remember that this puddling1 followed by protection from the sun1 will enable you to transplant almost anything you wish1 successfully4 ,,sweet ,,peas ,sweet peas require peculiar treatment for an annual4 ,as early as the ground can be worked1--about the middle of ,march around ,new ,york1--get some one to dig you a trench 7and it is best to have it run north and south71 about fifteen inches deep4 ,have put in this trench a layer of well-rotted manure1 then a layer of soil1 a sprinkling of wood ashes1 and then another layer of soil1 filling the trench until it is left only six or eight inches deep4 ,soak your seeds over night in warm water to make them start more quickly1 and then plant them two inches apart1 in a double row4 ,cover with only a few inches of soil until they sprout1 and then gradually fill up the trench as the vines grow4 ,train them on brush or chicken wire1 and keep them well watered in order to get the best results4 ,the latest method ,i have had recommended for growing sweet peas1--but which ,i have not tried1--is to have the soil just as carefully prepared1 but then to rake it smooth1 make a straight drill only half an inch deep1 and plant #c seeds every #f inches in the row4 ,if all three grow1 pull up the two weakest1 leaving only the best plant every #af inches apart4 ,this way1--with plenty of water and cultivation1 is said to produce the very finest kind of flowers4 ,you might try a few on the side4 ,during the hot weather put grass clippings around the roots to help keep them moist and protected from the hot sun4 ,cut the flowers every day in order to prolong their blooming4 ,a word about names1 though1 before we go a step farther4 ,i intended at first to give you only the common names1 despite the protests of a very good friend1--an ,english botanist4 ,to clinch her argument one day1 she exclaimed with considerable heat1 ,why1 what they call 'baby's breath' here on ,long ,island might be 'infant's sneeze' up in ,connecticut6 ,but if you tell the children it's real name is ,,gypsophila1 they'll never be mistaken4 ,and later1 when ,i found that foxglove 7originally ,folk's glove1 alluding to the little folk1 or fairies7 has been known also--according to ,holland--as ,thimbles1 ,fairy ,cap1 ,fairy ,fingers1 ,fairy ,thimbles1 ,fairy ,bells1 ,dog's ,fingers1 ,finger ,flowers1 ,lady's ,glove1 ,lady ,fingers1 ,lady's ,thimble1 ,pop ,dock1 ,flap ,dock1 ,flop ,dock1 ,lion's ,mouth1 ,rabbit's ,flower1 ,cottages1 ,throatwort1 and ,scotch ,mercury1 ,i concluded ,i would better urge you to remember its ,latin name1 ,,digitalis1 by which the plant is known the world over4 ,the botanical terms will easily stick in your mind1 too1 because they are unusual4 ,then people who are familiar with flowers will know exactly what you are talking about1 and you yourself will always have a certain pride in the scientific knowledge that enables you to call things by their right name4 ,you will see1 if you study the lists given1 what a simple matter it is to plan for a garden1 big or little1 and with reasonable care you will be rewarded with flowers throughout the season4 ,the following list will give you more explicit information about the ones people like best3-- ,,flowers ,,that ,,must ,,be ,,renewed ,,every ,,year ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,the ,,common ,,annuals ,,note4--,the time that they will bloom and the quality of your flowers will depend on the time you sow your seed1 on your soil1 your location1 and your care4 ,the dates given apply to the locality around ,new ,york1 and will be earlier if you are ,south1 and later if ,north1 of this section4 ,both the height and the flowering time of the same plants vary with the different varieties1 so find out the particular kind you get4 ,the richer the soil1 the finer the flowers1 as a rule1 and therefore fertilizer of some kind should be applied at least once a season1 about the time the buds are forming4 ,,sow ,,sow ,,good ,,blooming ,,name ,,color ,,height ,,indoors ,,outdoors ,,for ,,place ,,season ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ,ageratum ,blue #h in4 ,march ,may ,edging ,sun ,june to 7,ageratum ,white frost conyzoides7 ,alyssum1 ,sweet ,white #d to ,march ,april to ,edging ,sun ,june to #h in4 ,sept4 frost ,antirrhinum1 see ,snapdragon ,aster1 ,china ,white #ah to ,march ,april1 ,bed ,sun ,aug4 to 7,callistephus ,pink #bd in4 ,may ,sept4 hortensis7 ,violet ,baby's ,breath ,white #a to ,april ,border ,sun ,may 7,gypsophila7 #b ft4 7sow again7 ,bachelor's ,buttons1 see ,cornflower ,balsam ,white #a to ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,july to 7,impatiens ,red #b ft4 ,april ,bed ,oct4 balsamina7 ,yellow ,california ,yellow #ab in4 ,april ,edging ,sun ,june to ,poppy ,white 7sow in frost 7,eschscholtzia,orange succession7 ,californica7 ,candytuft ,white #f to ,april1 ,edging ,sun ,june to 7,iberis7 ,pink #h in4 and every frost ,red two weeks after ,castor-oil ,bean #c to ,april ,tropical ,sun ,until 7,ricinus7 #h ft4 effects frost ,china ,aster1 see ,aster ,a,coreopsis ,yellow #a to ,april ,border ,sun ,june to 7,coreopsis #c ft4 ,bed ,oct4 lanceolata7 ,cornflower ,blue #a to ,april ,border ,sun ,june to 7,centaurea #b ft4 ,bed frost cyanus7 ,cosmos ,white #d to ,march ,april ,back of ,sun ,july to ,pink #h ft4 border frost ,crimson ,cypress ,vine ,red #aj to ,april ,may ,screen ,sun ,june1 7,ipomoea ,white #bj ft4 ,july quamoclit7 ,eschscholtzia1 see ,california ,poppy ,b,forget-me-not ,blue #f to ,april to ,bed ,half ,april to 7,myosotis7 #ah in4 ,july ,shade fall ,floss ,flower1 see ,ageratum ,gilliflower1 see ,ten ,weeks' ,stock ,godetia ,white #a to ,march ,may ,border ,shade ,july to ,red #b ft4 ,bed or ,oct4 sun ,gypsophila1 see ,baby's ,breath ,hyacinth ,bean ,purple #aj to ,may ,screen ,sun ,july to 7,dolichos7 ,white #bj ft4 frost ,lady's ,slipper1 see ,balsam ,larkspur1 ,annual,white #a to ,april ,border ,sun ,july to 7,delphinium7 ,pink #c ft ,bed frost ,blue ,lobelia ,blue #f to ,march ,may ,edging ,sun ,june to 7,lobelia #ab in4 ,nov4 erinus7 ,lupin ,most #b ft4 ,successive,from ,may on ,border ,partial ,from 7,lupinus7 shades sowing ,bed shade ,june on ,marigold1 ,yellow #b ft4 ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,african ,bed ,aug4 to 7,tagetes frost erecta7 ,mignonette ,white #a ft4 ,april ,border ,sun ,june to 7,reseda ,red and ,july ,bed ,oct4 odorata7 ,yellow ,morning-glory ,white #aj to ,april ,vine ,sun ,july to 7,convolvulus7 ,pink #bj ft4 frost ,purple ,myosotis1 see ,forget-me-not ,nasturtium ,yellows #a to ,april ,climber ,sun ,july to 7,tropaeolum7 to reds #aj ft4 ,may ,dwarf frost ,nicotiana1 see ,tobacco ,plant ,a,pansy 7,viola,no red #f to ,feb4 ,april ,bed ,half ,may to tricolor7 #ab in4 ,may shade ,oct4 ,petunia ,white #a to ,on surface ,border ,sun ,june to 7,petunia to #b ft4 in ,may ,bed frost hybrida7 ,magenta ,phlox1 ,annual ,white #a ft4 ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,phlox ,pink ,bed frost ,drummondi7 ,red ,b,pink1 ,chinese,white #a ft4 ,feb4 ,march ,border ,sun ,all 7,dianthus ,pink ,april ,bed summer ,chinensis7 ,rose ,poppy1 ,shirley ,white #a to ,march1 ,bed ,sun ,june to 7,papaver ,pink #b ft4 ,april ,oct4 rhaeas7 ,red ,later for succession ,portulaca ,no blue #f to ,may #ast ,carpeting ,in ,all 7,portulaca #i in4 dry1 summer grandiflora7 sunny position ,rose ,moss1 see ,portulaca ,sage1 ,blue or ,scarlet1 see ,salvia ,a,salvia ,white #c ft4 ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,july to ,blue ,bed frost ,scarlet ,scarlet ,runner ,red #ab ft4 ,april ,climber ,sun ,july to ,bean frost ,a,snapdragon ,no blue #a to ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,july to 7,antirrhinum7 #c ft4 ,bed frost ,stock1 ,white #a to ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,july to ,ten ,weeks' ,pink #b ft4 ,bed frost 7,matthiola ,purple incana7 ,sunflower ,yellow #c to ,april ,back of ,sun ,july to 7,helianthus #ab ft4 bed frost annus7 ,sun ,plant1 see ,portulaca ,sweet ,pea ,all #c to ,march ,back of ,sun ,july to 7,lathyrus ,colors #f ft4 border ,oct4 odoratus7 vines ,b,sweet ,william,white #ab to ,april ,border ,sun ,july to 7,dianthus #ah in4 ,bed ,oct4 barbatus7 ,pink ,red ,tobacco ,plant ,white #b to ,may ,border ,sun ,july to 7,nicotiana7 ,pink #e ft4 ,oct4 ,red ,purple ,verbena ,no ,blue #a ft4 ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,june to ,bed ,oct4 ,zinnia ,yellows #a to ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,zinnia to reds #b ft4 ,bed ,oct4 elegans7 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ,,footnotes3 ,a ,a tender perennial1 flowering the first year from seed sown early4 ,b ,a biennial1 flowering the first year from seed sown early4 ,,chapter ,,iv ,flowers that ,live ,through ,two ,years ,in all places then1 and in all seasons1 ,flowers expand their light and soul-like wings1 ,teaching us by most persuasive reasons1 ,how akin they are to human things4 --,longfellow4 ,,between the flowers that we have to plant every year1--the annuals1--and those that after once being started continue to greet us summer after summer1--the perennials1--comes a little group of old favorites that has to be planted one summer 7and then generally protected from the cold71 in order to bring them to their full beauty the second year4 ,and as few of them self-sow1 it is necessary to plant and carry over every season4 ,the biennial seeds are best sown in the seed nursery1 where they can be watched and protected4 ,in the late summer the young plants will be big and strong enough to set out in the border1 although you must give them a light covering of leaves and litter4 ,the seeds started in ,july and ,august1 however1 better be left protected in the nursery and moved in the early spring4 ,the dainty blue forget-me-not1 or myosotis1 is one of the best loved of this class4 ,some varieties are hardy1 and often found growing wild4 ,it generally does best in a damp1 partly shaded location4 ,it grows from #f to #ah inches high1 according to the different kinds1 which blossom most of the summer4 ,the seeds of biennials seldom produce flowers the first summer1 but several--and among them the myosotis1--after being grown a few years in the same spot1 come up like perennials1 on account of sowing themselves4 ,the foxglove is another of the few biennials that are hardy1 and it also likes a cool1 shady spot4 ,if the plants come up thickly1 transplant part of them to any well-prepared1 rich ground1 and keep moist and well cultivated until the middle of ,september1 when you should move them again to their permanent home4 ,foxgloves1 like forget-me-nots1 sow themselves1 and the little plants coming up this way should be transplanted and given plenty of room to grow and become strong before their time to bloom4 ,do not forget to cover during the winter6 ,english daisies 7which are tender perennials71 and pansies 7which generally are grown as annuals71 can both be started in the seed nursery in ,august1 thinned out and protected before cold weather sets in1 and then moved to where you wish them to bloom1 in the early spring4 ,canterbury bells do best when the seed is sown the middle of ,april in ground that is rich1 well prepared1 moist1 and partly shady4 ,the middle of ,july move to a temporary place1 and set the plants #f to #h inches apart4 ,then early in ,october transplant to where you want them to blossom the next season4 ,but before the frost comes1 protect these tender little plants with some old berry boxes1 then straw or leaves over the top1 and in the spring work a small quantity of fertilizer around the roots4 ,tie the stalks as they begin to get tall1 to stout stakes1 to prevent their being blown over by storms3 and if you will keep cutting off the old flowers so they will not go to seed1 you can coax your plants to bloom an extra month or six weeks4 ,properly treated1 they will last from ,july to the middle of ,september4 ,but to enjoy these lovely visitors regularly1 it is necessary to plant the seed every year4 ,of the border carnations1 the ,chabaud and ,marguerite types are hardy enough to stand the winter if slightly covered1 and will flower profusely the second year1 but they make off-shoots1 which bring to bloom a few weeks after sowing4 ,hollyhocks from seed do not blossom until the second year1 but they make off-shoots1 which bring flowers every season thereafter4 ,and as they sow themselves1 people often mistake them for perennials4 ,they come both single and double1 and are especially lovely against a wall or a green background4 ,the evening primrose1 tall and stately1 with large yellow flowers1 is easily grown in almost any soil4 ,it thrives in almost any soil1 and blooms the entire summer4 ,of the wallflowers1 the biennial variety will blossom most of the summer if grown in a moist1 shady place and not allowed to go to seed4 ,these come in yellows1 reddish brown and purplish brown4 ,they need winter protection4 ,the horned poppy1 though a biennial1 will flower the first year if started indoors in ,march4 ,it likes an open1 sunny spot1 and if old flowers are kept picked off1 will bloom all summer4 ,sweet ,william is another old-fashioned garden favorite that is usually considered a perennial1 but which does its best the second year from seed4 ,as it self-sows1 it goes on forever1 like ,tennyson's brook1 once it gets started4 ,in protecting1 however1 do not get fertilizer directly over the crown1 or it will cause decay4 ,mullein pink1 or ,rose ,campion as it is often called1 is another of our grandmothers' pets1 and if started very early1 will flower the first season4 ,now all of the biennials ,i have described are easily grown1 and sure to bring great pleasure4 ,and really it is worth while to curb one's impatience1 and wait1 when necessary1 until the second season1 for the sake of these lovely hardy beauties4 ,,flowers ,,that ,,live ,,through ,,two ,,years ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,the ,,common ,,biennials ,,note4--,english ,daisies 7a perennial71 ,forget-me-nots1 ,hollyhocks and ,pansies are often started about the #ast of ,august4 ,most of the biennials need slight protection during the winter4 ,remember that in nearly every case seed must be sown every year in order to secure succession of bloom4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,sow ,,sow ,,blooming ,,name ,,color ,,height ,,indoors ,,outdoors,,good ,,for,,place,,season ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,a,canterbury ,white #b-a_/b ft4 ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,june1 ,bells ,pink #ast ,june ,july 7,campanula ,blue medium7 ,purple ,a,carnation1 ,white #a to #b ft4 ,may ,border ,sun ,august ,border ,pink 7,dianthus caryophyllus7 ,d,english ,daisy ,white #d to #f in4 ,july ,border ,sun ,april1 7,bellis ,pink ,aug4 ,bed ,may perennis7 ,evening ,primrose ,yellow #e ft4 ,many ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,o,enothera varieties ,june ,sept4 biennis7 ,forget-me-not ,blue #a to #b ft4,self-sows ,may ,border ,half ,april to 7,myosotis7 ,june shade,sept4 ,foxglove ,pinkish#c to #e ft4 ,april to,border ,half ,june1 7,digitalis7 purple ,june ,clumps shade,july ,white or ,yellow sun ,hollyhock ,white #d to #h ft4,self-sows ,may1 ,back of ,sun ,july1 7,althaea ,pink ,also ,june orborder ,aug4 rosea7 ,rose makes ,aug4 or ,yellow offsets clumps ,red ,horned ,poppy ,yellow #f in4 ,may ,border ,sun ,july 7,glaucium ,orange ,june to ,sept4 luteum7 ,c,mullein ,pink ,white #a to ,may #ast ,border ,sun ,june1 7,lychnis to #b-a_/b ft4 ,rockery ,july coronaria7 ,crimson ,rose ,campion1 see ,mullein ,pink ,wallflower ,yellow #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,may 7,cheiranthus to #b-a_/b ft4 ,june ,rockery or cheiri7 browns part and shad purples ,pansy1 more easily treated as an annual ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,footnotes3 ,c ,will blossom the first year from seed that is sown as early as possible4 ,d ,a perennial often started in ,august1 so it will bloom the next spring4 ,,chapter ,v ,flowers that come up ,every ,year by ,themselves 7,perennials7 ,no1 the heart that has truly lov'd never forgets1 ,but as truly loves on to the close2 ,as the sunflower turns on her god when he sets ,the same look which she turn'd when he rose4 --,moore4 ,,that big word ,,aristocracy simply means those who rise above the rest of the community in any important respect1--and rightly1 indeed1 are the perennials called the aristocrats of the garden4 ,they are strong and sturdy 7good points in both people and flowers71 and can be depended on to appear about a certain time1 make us a nice visit with all their loveliest clothes1 and show their appreciation of our attention and care by returning every season with increased beauty and grace4 ,a few of the perennials1 such as the peony and the iris1 grow so slowly that generally people haven't the patience to wait for them to flower from seed1 and instead try to get some roots from their more fortunate friends1 or buy from a florist4 ,but ,i will tell you more about this class in connection with the bulb and tuber families4 ,,the ,,seed ,,bed ,while a small number of these beauties will bloom the first year if started early in the spring1 most of them make their debut in garden society the second summer4 ,before that they have to be watched1 or they might meet with accident4 ,a good way1 therefore1 is to have a little bed 7preferably a cold frame7 for a seed nursery off to one side1 in a safe place1 where the baby plants can be cared for1 protected from cold1 and tended like the infants they are1 until grown up and old enough to enter the society of bed or border4 ,in such a place the seeds should be planted in fine1 rich soil1 preferably from the middle of ,may to the #ast of ,july1 and all carefully marked4 ,sow thinly1 and then cover the seed by sifting over with fine soil from #a_/h to #a_/d inch deep4 ,sprinkle very lightly by means of a whisk broom dipped in water1 so as not to wash out the seed1 and if you possibly can1 cover with a piece of glass4 ,keep in the shade at first1 and never let dry out4 ,some of this seed will germinate in less than a week1 while some may take so long that you will think it is not going to grow at all6 ,but don't give up2 and maybe some day when you have forgotten all about it1 you will discover a lot of new babies in your nursery4 ,,transplanting ,,perennials ,as soon as your seedlings are big and strong enough to be handled1 they must be carefully lifted and set in another part of the nursery1 not less than #c inches apart1 protected from the hot sun1 and left until they become strong1 sturdy children4 ,then early in the fall1 before the middle of ,september1 you can take them up very gently1 without disturbing their tiny rootlets1 and put them with their friends and relatives in the garden1 wherever you wish them to bloom the following summer4 ,of course you couldn't1--and you wouldn't want to grow everything you ever saw or heard about6 ,just think of the fun1 however1 of picking out a small number that will be sure to give you flowers1 one after another1 from earliest spring until cold weather6 ,yet the following list1 suggested by one authority1 is easy to get and little trouble to care for3 ,,perennials ,,for ,a ,,whole ,,season',s ,,bloom ,creeping ,phlox 7,phlox subulata72 white1 rose1 lavender2 bloom ,april and ,may4 ,lily-of-the-,valley 7,convallaria majalis72 white2 ,may1 ,june4 ,bleeding ,heart 7,dicentra spectabilis72 rose pink2 ,april through ,june4 ,iris 7,fleur-de-lis72 white1 purple1 yellow2 ,april to ,july4 ,peony 7,paeonia officinalis72 white1 rose to crimson2 ,may1 ,june4 ,larkspur 7,delphinium72 blues2 ,june1 ,july1 ,september4 ,balloon ,flower 7,platycodon72 blue1 purple1 white2 ,july to ,october4 ,phlox1 ,hardy 7,phlox paniculata72 no blue nor real yellow2 ,june through ,september4 ,golden ,glow 7,rudbeckia laciniata72 yellow2 ,august4 ,blanket ,flower 7,gaillardia aristata72 yellow1 red2 ,july to ,october4 ,boltonia 7,boltonia latisquama72 lilac2 ,august to ,october4 ,sunflower 7,helianthus72 yellow2 ,july to ,october4 ,illustration3 ,,kim ,,and ,,columbine ,the fault that ,i would find with the gentleman's list is that he has omitted chrysanthemums1 which could be substituted for sunflowers to most people's satisfaction1--and which also would bloom as late as ,november4 ,also ,i should prefer columbine to his bleeding hearts1--and the golden-spurred variety will bloom from early ,may to early ,august6 ,above all1 instead of boltonia1 ,i would use the adorable snapdragons1 which1 although considered a tender perennial1 will survive cold weather if well protected4 ,but then1 as ,i once heard1 ,a man's garden is like his wife1 whom he never would think of comparing with anybody else's4 ,so you don't have to follow any one's choice4 ,just make a list of the flowers that you like1 find out when they bloom1 and then choose as few or as many as you have room for1 remembering to plan for something lovely every month of the blooming season4 ,one note of warning1 however4 ,after you have made your list1 consult some friend that is a successful gardener1 and make sure that what you have chosen will thrive in your particular locality4 ,if you find it does not1 strike it off1 and put in something that will4 ,,flowers ,,that ,,come ,,up ,,every ,,year ,,by ,,themselves ,a ,,guide ,,to ,,the ,,common ,,perennials ,,note4--,a few of these will blossom the first summer1 if started early4 ,also1 some varieties of the same plant will flower in the spring1 others in the fall4 ,make sure which kind you get4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ,,sow ,,sow ,,blooming ,,name ,,color ,,height ,,indoors,,outdoors ,,good ,,for ,,place ,,season ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ,alyssum 7,alyssum ,rich #a ft4 ,may ,rockery ,half ,april1 saxatile7 yellow ,june ,edging shade ,may or sun ,anemone1 ,japanese ,rose #b to ,may ,border ,half ,sept41 7,anemone ,white #d ft4 ,june ,bed shade ,oct4 ,japonica7 or sun ,aster1 ,hardy ,white #b to ,may ,anywhere ,shade ,aug4 to 7,aster ,novae- ,pink #e ft4 ,june or sun ,oct4 ,angliae7 ,lavender ,purple ,baby's ,breath ,white #b to ,may ,rockery ,sun ,june1 7,gypsophila #c ft4 ,june ,border ,july paniculata7 ,balloon ,flower ,white #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,july to 7,platycodon7 ,blue #c ft4 ,june ,oct4 ,begonia1 ,hardy ,white #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,begonia ,pink #b ft4 ,june ,aug4 ,evansiana7 ,rose ,bellflower ,white #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,june1 7,campanula7 ,blue #c ft4 ,june ,july ,a,blanket ,flower ,red #c to ,may ,border ,sun ,july to 7,gaillardia ,yellow #e ft4 ,june ,bed ,oct4 aristata7 ,bleeding ,heart ,pink #b ft4 ,may ,border ,likes ,may1 7,dicentra ,june ,bed half ,june spectabilis7 shade ,boltonia ,lilac #b to ,may ,border ,sun ,aug4 to 7,boltonia #f ft4 ,june ,bed ,oct4 latisquama7 ,candytuft1 ,hardy ,white #f to ,may ,border ,sun ,april1 7,iberis #ab in4 ,june ,edging ,may sempervirens7 ,chrystmas ,rose ,white #ab to ,may ,border ,half ,dec4 to 7,helleborus #ae in4 ,june ,shade,march1 niger7 outdoors ,chrysanthemum1 ,no #b to ,may ,border ,sun ,sept4 to ,hardy blue #c ft4 ,june ,bed ,nov4 ,columbine ,all #b to ,may ,rockery ,sun ,may to 7,aguilegia7 shades #d ft4 ,june ,bed ,aug4 ,coreopsis ,yellow #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,coreopsis #b ft4 ,june ,bed ,oct4 lanceolata7 ,daisy1 ,english ,pink #c to ,may ,bed ,sun ,april to 7,bellis ,white #f in4 ,june ,june perennis7 ,delphinium ,blue #b to ,march ,may ,border ,sun ,june1 7,delphinium to #f ft4 ,june ,bed ,july1 ,sep4 formosum1 white ,oct4 ,cut ,d4 ,belladonna1 down after ,d4 ,chinense7 each flowering ,flag1 see ,iris ,b,forget-me-not1 ,blue #f to ,may ,border ,shade ,may to ,perennial #ah in4 ,june or sun fall 7,myosotis palustris7 ,c,foxglove ,white #c to ,may ,border ,half ,june1 7usually ,purple #e ft4 ,june ,bed shade,july biennial7 ,rose 7,digitalis7 ,yellow ,fraxinella1 see ,gas ,plant ,gaillardia1 see ,blanket ,flower ,gas ,plant ,rose #b-a_/b ft ,long ,may ,border ,sun ,june1 7,dictamnus ,white lived ,june ,bed ,july albus7 ,golden ,glow ,yellow #f to ,may ,back of ,sun ,july to 7,rudbeckia #h ft4 ,june border ,sept4 laciniata7 ,b,hollyhock ,all #d to ,may ,back of ,sun ,july1 7,althaea rosea7shades #f ft4 ,june border ,august or bed ,iris ,white #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,may to ,purple #c ft4 ,june ,bed ,july ,yellow ,clump ,maroon ,larkspur1 see ,delphinium ,lupin ,white #b to ,may ,border ,sun or,may1 7,lupinus7 ,blue #e ft4 ,june ,bed half ,june ,pink ,clump shade ,yellow ,madwort1 see ,alyssum ,a,mallow1 ,musk ,white #a to ,may ,border ,sun or,july to 7,malva,rose #b ft4 ,june shade ,sept4 moschata7 ,michaelmas ,daisy1 see ,aster ,monk's-hood ,blue to #c to ,slow to ,may ,poisonous,sun or,july to 7,aconitum white #e ft4 start ,june shade ,sept4 napellus7 ,moss ,pink1 see ,phlox subulata ,mullein ,pink ,white #a to ,may ,border ,sun ,june1 7,lychnis ,red #c ft4 ,june ,bed ,july coronaria7 ,myosotis1 see ,forget-me-not ,myrtle1 see ,periwinkle ,pansy ,white #f to ,march ,april ,border ,sun or,all 7,viola ,blue #h in4 ,may ,bed half summer1 tricolor7 ,yellow shade with ,purple care ,peony ,white #c ft4 ,slow ,may ,border ,sun or,may1 7,paeonia ,rose grower ,june ,clumps half ,june officinalis7 ,crimson shade ,periwinkle ,blue #f to ,march ,may ,trailing ,shaded,all 7,vinca minor7 ,white #aj in4 ,june vine bare summer spots ,phlox1 ,perennial ,no blue #b to ,slow ,may ,border ,sun ,aug41 7,phlox or #c ft4 ,june ,bed ,sept4 paniculata7 yellow 7,phlox ,white #b in4 ,may ,carpeting ,sun ,april1 subulata7 ,pink ,june ,border ,may ,lavender ,pink1 ,grass ,white #a ft4 ,may ,rockery ,sun ,may1 7,dianthus ,vari- ,june ,border ,june plumaris7 colored ,platycodon1 see ,bellflower ,a,poppy1 ,iceland ,white #a ft4 ,april ,border ,sun ,june to 7,papaver ,red ,may ,bed ,oct4 nudicaule ,yellow ,poppy1 ,oriental ,scarlet #c ft4 ,march ,border ,sun ,june1 7,papaver ,orange ,april ,bed ,july orientale7 to pink ,pyrethrum ,white #c ft4 ,may ,border ,sun ,june1 7,chrysanthemum ,rose ,june ,bed ,july coccineum7 ,crimson ,a,rocket1 ,sweet ,white #b to ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,hesperis7 to #c ft4 ,june ,clump ,aug4 purple ,rockmadwort1 see ,alyssum ,rose ,campion1 see ,mullein ,pink ,rudbeckia1 see ,golden ,glow ,sage1 see ,salvia ,salvia ,white #b to ,may ,border ,sun ,may to 7perennial7 ,blue #d ft4 ,june ,bed ,sept4 ,f,snapdragon ,no #a to ,march ,may #ast ,border ,sun ,june to 7,antirrhinum7 blues #c ft4 ,bed ,oct4 ,sunflower ,yellow #b to ,may ,back of ,sun ,sept4 to 7,helianthus7 #h ft4 ,june border ,nov4 ,e,sweet ,william ,white #a ft4 ,may ,border ,sun ,june to 7,dianthus ,pink ,june ,bed ,aug4 barbatus7 ,maroon ,tickseed1 see ,coreopsis ,g,wallflower ,yellows #a to ,may ,rock ,part ,may 7,cheiranthus to #b-a_/b ft4 ,june garden shade cheiri7 browns or and border purples ,windflower1 ,white #a to ,may ,clump ,part ,april ,snowdrop #a-a_/b ft4 ,june ,border shade to 7,anemone or sun,july sylvestris7 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ,,footnotes3 ,e ,will bloom the first year from seed sown in ,march4 ,f ,perennial in the ,south1 but should be grown annually in the ,north4 ,g ,really a biennial4 ,,chapter ,,vi ,flowers that ,spring from a ,storehouse 7,bulbs and ,tubers7 ,consider the lilies of the field1 how they grow3 they toil not1 neither do they spin3 and yet ,i say unto you that even ,solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these4 --,matthew vi1 #bh1 #bi4 ,,if you are going to be a really-truly gardener1 you will want to know something about the plants and flowers that you try to grow1 so let's have a few words right here about the difference between the bulb and tuber families4 ,they can be classed together because they both spring from what is in fact a storehouse filled one season with food to help them through the next season's bloom6 ,hyacinths and daffodils1 for example1 come from ,,bulbs1 which are built up1 layer on layer1 exactly like an onion4 ,dahlias and ,cannas1 however1 grow from a ,,tuber1 which is an underground knob on the stem1 quite a little like a sweet potato1 and which sends out the shoots that make new plants4 ,the crocus and the gladiolus both spring from a ,,corm1 which differs from the bulb in that it is solid 7not in layers71 and from the tuber in that it is not like a potato in shape but oval4 ,the iris1 though1 grows from a ,,rhizome1 a thickened root running along the ground 7often half exposed71 which throws up the new plants as it spreads4 ,the bulb and tuber families are treated very much alike4 ,some of each are left in the ground year after year1 like the daffodils and the lilies1 while others1 like the cannas and dahlias1 have to be dug up1 allowed to dry a little in the open air1 and then stored in a cool1 dark place for the winter4 ,the rhizomes do not have to be lifted1 but are increased generally by root division1--cutting off a piece of the root soon after flowering1 and planting where it will get a good start before next season's time to bloom4 ,some people today would follow ,mohammed's advice3 ,he that hath two cakes of bread1 let him sell one of them--for bread is only food for the body1 but the narcissus is food for the soul2 but few individuals--let alone a nation--would grow so wildly enthusiastic as once did the ,dutch1 as to spend every last possession to buy tulips6 ,but we dearly love all of these groups1 and are using them in increasing numbers every season4 ,the fascinating work of growing certain kinds indoors during the winter ,i tell you about in the chapter on ,the ,care of ,house ,plants1 so here we will consider the outdoor culture4 ,the delicate snowdrop is the very earliest of these visitors1 and planted in groups in half-shady places1--like under trees1--where they will not be disturbed1 will thereafter take care of themselves4 ,then quickly follow the lovely crocuses1 white1 yellow1 lavender1 purple1 and the varigated1 which often are planted right where they fall after being scattered broadcast over the lawn1--though if the head of the house cuts the grass before the middle of ,april they should be set in a bed where they will not be touched4 ,hyacinths are beautiful1 but personally ,i do not care much about them in the garden1 as they generally have to be planted in masses to get any effect1 and need1 therefore1 to be used in large numbers1 are more expensive than the other bulbs1 and should be taken out of the ground soon after blooming and stored in a cool place until fall4 ,however1 one enthusiast that ,i know plants in rings of #f1 and leaves them in the ground6 ,the daffodil1 jonquil and narcissus are three types of the narcissus family1 the daffodils usually being distinguished by their long trumpets1 while the jonquils and narcissi have the little cup-like centers1 and1 moreover1 are fragrant4 ,they should be planted in the late fall1 #d in4 below the surface1 in soil that has been enriched #h in4 below the bulb4 ,they increase rapidly1 and do not have to be taken up1 or even divided for years4 ,if set in a border where their room is needed after they bloom1 simply turn the tops down under the soil1 and sow over them any low-growing annual1 such as candytuft or poppies4 ,my friend of the tiny handkerchief garden described in ,chapter ,,ii1 has--think of it6--over #aejj of these various spring-flowering bulbs in her border that are treated this way1 and never taken up6 ,yet a few weeks after they have bloomed1 the space they occupied is filled with new beauties4 ,tulips--but as ,i told you1 they once drove a whole country mad6 ,today we have probably far more beautiful ones1--and many can be bought in the fall at planting time1 for #a4jj per hundred6 ,some bloom early1 some late2 some are short1 some tall2 some are cheap1 some expensive4 ,they will grow in partial shade or sun1 and can be planted in groups in the border1 or in marginal rows for edging4 ,by carefully choosing from both the early and late varieties1 you can enjoy your tulips for nearly two months2 and by as carefully choosing your colors1 have all sorts of artistic combinations4 ,they should be planted #c or #d in4 deep if the soil is heavy1 and an inch deeper in soil that is light1 and set #f in4 apart4 ,they will prove a joy to your heart4 ,tuberous-rooted begonias supply a much-felt want for lovely flowers in half-shady or shady places4 ,if the bulbs are started in the house in sand in ,february1 they will be in full leaf when ready to set out in ,may1 and will bloom from ,june until frost4 ,don't1 please don't1 plant them upside down1 but be sure that the rounded part rests on the soil4 ,they require light1 rich earth1 with plenty of water1 given after sundown4 ,cannas only too often are planted in big1 showy beds where they break our rule of open lawn centers4 ,in fact1 they are a little hard to place1 but look well in a corner1 in beds along a drive1 or outlining a boundary4 ,the ground should be spaded #b ft4 deep1 well fertilized1 and then kept watered4 ,set plants #b ft4 apart4 ,the iris is one of the most beautiful and most satisfactory of all the hardy plants4 ,it grows in almost any soil1 and any situation1 but does best in rich ground1 with plenty of water4 ,it may be planted either in early spring or after ,august4 ,the dwarf varieties1 from #f to #ah in4 high1 bloom during ,march1 ,april and ,may2 the ,german iris1 standing often #c ft4 high1 in ,may2 and the marvelous ,japanese kinds1 sometimes #d ft41 with blossoms #h to #aj in4 across1 closing the season in ,july6 7,in heavy soil they are not so tall47 ,when used alone in beds1 one prominent grower suggests that the ,german iris be combined with hardy asters 7set in between71 and the ,japanese with gladioli1 to keep a succession of bloom until late fall4 ,lilies for the garden are of many varieties1 requiring different kinds of treatment4 ,as a general rule1 however1 when the soil is heavy1 set your bulb in a nice little nest of sand1 and give a blanket of the same before filling in with the ordinary earth4 ,lilies-of-the-valley will grow almost anywhere1 but do well in a half-shady position4 ,they should be planted in masses1 and fertilized in ,september4 ,when too thick1 they can be transplanted in the early spring4 ,they increase rapidly4 ,the gladiolus 7accent on the i1 please17 can get along in almost any kind of soil1--though it does best in rich1--if only it is planted in the sunshine4 ,the ground should be well dug up and fertilized beforehand and around ,new ,york the corms set as early as ,april4 ,then1 for succession of bloom1 plant at least every #aj days up to ,july #ast4 ,after they are well started1 fertilize with 7preferably7 sheep manure1 dug in around the roots1 every two weeks4 ,cultivate often1 and keep well watered4 ,plant gladioli at least #d in4 apart1 and #d in4 deep1 and tie up for protection to #d-;ft4 stakes4 ,lift your bulbs1--corms1 ,i should have said1--late in the fall1 let them dry in the air a few days1 and then store in a cool1 dark place1 free from frost4 ,narcissi are described with the daffodils4 ,peonies are classed with the ,perennials1 in ,chapter ,,iii4 ,their tuberous roots are best divided and set out in ,september4 ,they can be left undisturbed for five or six years4 ,tuberoses can now be procured which will bloom from ,may until frost4 ,they are easily grown1 with no particular care1 and take up very little room4 ,stake for safety from storms4 ,the dahlia next1--saved until the last for all the space ,i could possibly give it6 ,and so popular is this flower today1 that some growers raise nothing else66 ,one man offers us over #gjj named varieties666 ,moreover1 a great big club1 known as ,the ,american ,dahlia ,society1 has been formed by people who are interested in--and wish to help along--the growing of dahlias4 ,and it's no wonder that they are popular1 for no other flower can be grown in the garden that will give as many1 as large1 as vari-colored and as beautiful flowers as the dahlias4 ,coming in every shade but true blue1 and ranging from the tiny button pom-pon to the largest prim show or the formal decorative1--from the unique collarette to the ragged paeony-flowered1 the amateur gardener can hardly believe that they really all belong to one family6 ,of such easy culture1 too4 ,anybody can grow them6 ,any good1 well-drained garden soil will do1 but must have manure spaded in #aj in4 deep and the tubers must be planted in the sun4 ,the poorer the ground1 though1 the more fertilizer will you have to use4 ,heavy soil should be dug up and mixed with ashes to make it light4 ,plant the tubers lengthwise--not up and down6--in a drill at least #f in4 deep1 and not less than #b-a_/b ft4 apart4 ,for early flowering1 put in your bulbs as soon as all danger of frost is past1 but do not set near trees or shrubs that would take their nourishment4 ,when they sprout1 pull up all shoots but one or two1 in order to produce the finest flowers4 ,keep the ground well cultivated1 but do not water until after the buds have formed1 otherwise you will have principally stalks and leaves4 ,but once the buds do show1 water frequently in order to enrich the color1 and dig in fertilizer around the roots several times during the flowering season1 to produce fine1 big blossoms4 ,illustration3 ,,taking ,,care ,,of ,,table ,,ferns ,tie each plant to a #e-;ft4 stake1 to protect from the wind1 but in driving be careful not to pierce--and ruin--your tuber4 ,nip off all the buds that are imperfect or weak1 and cut your flowers with their attendant buds and foliage4 ,they will look better1 and no further disbudding of the plants will be necessary4 ,and the more you cut1 the better your dahlias will bloom6 ,soon after frost has killed the leaves1 carefully dig up the tubers with a spading fork4 ,you will be surprised to find often half-a-dozen where you set but one6 ,allow them to dry in the air for a day or two1 then put away in a cool1 dark cellar1 with a bag or paper thrown over them1 and leave for the winter4 ,in the spring when ready to plant again1 cut each tuber so it will have a little bit of the heart of the clump on its end1 as it is close to this that the new shoots start4 ,growing dahlias from seed is a most fascinating pastime1 for there is no telling what you may get6 ,the child is rarely1 if ever1 like its mother1--and this is the only way that we get the new varieties4 ,,you might happen to grow one of the finest yet6 ,the seed is started early indoors1 and very easily grown4 ,certainly it is worth trying4 ,,chapter ,,vii ,that ,queen--,the ,rose ,gather ye rosebuds while ye may1 ,old ,time is still a-flying1 ,and this same flower that smiles today ,tomorrow will be dying4 --,herrick4 ,,every one longs for roses1 the most highly prized of all the flowers2 and roses today can be grown almost anywhere4 ,rose growers have finally succeeded in budding the tender tea rose on to the hardy briar and also on to the more recent ,manetti stock1 and in crossing the teas with the hybrid perpetuals1--developed from the old ,june favorites4 ,the result is ideal roses1 that are hardy and bloom all season1 with the desired lovely coloring and fragrance4 ,many of the so-called ,june roses also have been coaxed to bloom all season1 while all those that ,i draw to your attention are among the loveliest and most easily grown4 ,with even three or four1 well taken care of1 you should be able1--as far north as ,new ,york1--to cut a bud any time you wish from ,may to ,november4 ,these hybrid teas and hybrid perpetuals are the most satisfactory for growing in this climate4 ,field-grown stock1 in dormant condition1 is brought here from ,holland every spring early in ,march1 and good plants can be bought as low as fifteen or twenty cents apiece4 ,the weather is usually fit for them to be set out by the #beth of ,march1 and they will produce more and better roses than the costlier potted plants procurable later4 ,the ,american grown roses1 however1 are really the best1 as they are adapted to our soil and climatic conditions1 and produce both more and better flowers4 ,of these potted plants1 though1 just a word4 ,the ,richmond1 a deep1 rich red1 and the single white ,killarney1 ,i have found exceptionally good1 free bloomers2 and with little winter covering they should1 on account of a season's rest1 be better the second year4 ,the #f-;inch or bench plants1 as they are termed1 sell for only #be cents each4 ,these can be set out from ,april on all summer4 ,as soon as a rose bush comes into your hand1 whether from a dealer or a friend1 get it into the ground as quickly as possible4 ,if its permanent home is not ready1 dig a little trench and cover it entirely with the moist earth for a few days4 ,but never1 oh1 never6 allow the roots to dry out4 ,while a few specimen roses may be set out anywhere 7as long as they do not cut up the lawn and so violate the landscape rule1 ,preserve open lawn centers71 a number of rose bushes are usually preferred set together in a bed1 from #c to #d ft4 wide4 ,,making ,a ,,rose ,,bed ,have your rose bed with a south or east exposure if possible1 as many roses so planted will not winter kill1 and others need but little protection4 ,dig a trench about #b-a_/b ft4 deep1 and put in the bottom a layer of cow manure1 as this will be lasting4 ,over this put a layer of good top soil for the plants to rest on1 so that they do not directly touch the fertilizer4 ,then hold your rose with your left hand while you straighten out the roots1 and sprinkle enough fine soil to hold it in position while you set the next bush4 ,be sure that your budding point is #c inches below the level of the ground1--and ,baily says even #d6 ,when all are in place1 fill the trench half full of soil1 and then nearly to the top with water4 ,after this has sunk in1 add the rest of your rich top soil1 and pack down hard with your foot1 so as to shut out the air from the roots1 leaving the packed earth at least an inch below the surrounding surface to catch and hold the moisture4 ,potted roses1 however1 should be sunk with as little disturbance to the roots as possible4 ,then over the smoothly raked surface of the bed spread leaves1 litter or grass clippings1 to keep the sun from drying out the earth4 ,some gardeners for this purpose cover the bed with pansies1 ,english daisies1 and similar low flowers1 though many like better to see nicely cultivated soil4 ,to have splendid roses1 however1 you must supply plenty of food and drink6 ,when the buds start1 dig in around the roots every two weeks1 two tablespoonfuls of bonemeal1 and wet thoroughly4 ,manure from the chicken house is especially good as the chickens are meat eaters1 and it is1 therefore1 better adapted to the needs of the roses and easily absorbed by the rootlets4 ,but use carefully--not more than a small trowelful at a time1 and that well mixed with the soil4 ,one of the very best foods is cheaply made as follows3 ,,rose ,,fertilizer #aj lbs4 sheep manure1 #e lbs4 bonemeal1 #a lb4 ,scotch soot4 ,mix well4 ,give a level trowelful to roots of each rosebush every two weeks1 after buds start1 and wet down thoroughly4 ,being hearty feeders1 roses need a rich1 light soil1 and they do best in an open1 sunny spot1 away from the roots of trees and shrubs that would steal their food4 ,and while they do not thrive in low1 damp ground1 neither do they stand being set high and dry4 ,too damp beds should be drained with a first layer of small stones or gravel4 ,cultivate your roses every week or ten days1 and keep the ground covered with grass clippings unless it is protected from the sun by the shade of other plants4 ,cut off close to the parent stem any wild shoots or suckers1--generally recognizable by their briary stems1--as they will cause the budded part to die4 ,,fall ,,protection ,late in the fall mound up the earth well around the roots of all your roses1 and give them a good covering of coarse manure or leaves4 ,the more tender kinds can be laid over and protected with litter or boughs4 ,,spring ,,pruning ,then early in the spring1 before the first of ,april1 cut back the hardy roses1 keeping only the strong canes1 which1 however1 should be shortened to about #aj inches4 ,the middle of ,april prune the more tender varieties4 ,but remove from both all shoots growing in toward the center1 and cut all weak plants back to the third or fourth eye1 to promote stronger growth and larger flowers4 ,climbing roses need only the weak branches and tips removed4 ,date new climbing canes with wired wooden tags each spring1 and cut out all over three years old4 ,this renews the stock1 restrains ambitious climbing1 and produces better flowers4 ,,spraying ,about this time a spraying first of ,bordeaux mixture to prevent disease1 and a little later a spraying of whale-oil soapsuds as warning to the great army of bugs1 slugs1 etc41 will give your roses a good start toward a successful season of bloom4 ,watch for that robber1 the rose bug6 ,talk about salt on a bird's tail6 ,the surest way to end ,his ,majesty is to take a stick and knock him into a cup of kerosene4 ,slow process8 ,yes1 but sure4 ,the leaf-roller1 too1 is most effectively disposed of by physical force1--pressure of thumb and forefinger4 ,clear1 cold water1 twice a day through a hose1 comes with force enough to wash off many of the rose's foes2 but if they get a start1 fall back on strong soapsuds1 pulverized tobacco1 or some other popular remedy4 ,the ,garden ,club of ,philadelphia is said to recommend the following3 ,,effective ,,spray ,,for ,,rose ,,bugs #c pts4 sweet milk4 #c pts4 kerosene4 #a qt4 water4 ,shake well in a jug1 then put one-half pint of the fluid to one gallon of water4 ,stir well and both spray the bushes thoroughly and wet the ground around the roots4 ,repeat every ten days from ,may #ast to ,june #aeth1 by which time the pests seem to get discouraged and give up the fight6 ,and the reward for all this care and attention8 ,a devoted cottager1 says ,neltje ,blanchan1 may easily have more beautiful roses than the indifferent millionaire4 ,the following lists comprise a few of the best of the different classes mentioned4 ,i wish you success in your choice4 ,,roses ,a ,,few ,,of ,,the ,,best ,,of ,,each ,,kind ,teas4 7,tenderest of roses1 needing winter protection4 ,noted for delicate shades and fragrance47 ,maman ,cochet1 free bloomer1 hardiest of the teas2 rose-pink4 ,marie ,van ,houtte1 also a free bloomer and quite hardy2 canary yellow4 ,souvenir de ,catherine ,guillot1 a rose of excellence2 copper-carmine4 ,white ,maman ,cochet1 a strong grower1 like the pink2 white4 ,hybrid ,teas4 7,best for the garden1 as they combine the best qualities of the teas and the hybrid perpetuals1--color1 hardiness1 and steady bloom47 ,caroline ,testout1 one of the most popular1 slightly fragrant2 rose pink4 ,etoile de ,france1 continuous bloomer and fragrant2 crimson4 ,gruss an ,teplitz1 the best dark rose1 and fragrant2 velvety crimson4 ,kaiserin ,augusta ,victoria1 blooms of lovely shape1 on long stems2 pearly white4 ,killarney1 very popular and one of the best of its color2 lovely pink4 ,killarney1 a sport1 same as the pink2 white4 ,la ,france1 especially good form1 fragrant2 bluish-pink4 ,mrs4 ,aaron ,ward1 a vigorous plant1 of compact growth1 very popular2 pinkish-yellow4 ,richmond1 a steady bloomer all summer1 with a beautiful bud2 rich deep red4 ,hybrid ,perpetuals4 7,commonly known as ,june roses1 and hardy4 ,the following will bloom most of the summer47 ,anna de ,diesbach 7,gloire de ,paris71 splendid in the garden and fragrant2 rich carmine4 ,american ,beauty1 successful in most localities2 rose-carmine4 ,frau ,karl ,druschki1 very large and fragrant2 snowy white4 ,general ,jacqueminot1 a favorite that does well everywhere2 crimson4 ,louis van ,houtte1 very desirable and fragrant2 deep red4 ,mrs4 ,john ,laing1 late blooming and hardy1 fragrant2 lovely pink4 ,mrs4 ,r4 ,g4 ,sharman-,crawford1 a splendid bloomer2 rose-pink4 ,ulrich ,brunner1 large1 fragrant1 with well-formed flowers2 cherry red4 ,moss4 7,loved for the beautiful fragrant buds with their mossy covering47 ,blanche ,moreau1 flowers in clusters2 white4 ,countess de ,murinais1 one of the best2 white4 ,crested ,moss1 finely crested2 rose pink4 ,henry ,martin1 very vigorous2 crimson4 ,luxembourg1 exceptionally good2 crimson4 ,climbing and ,rambler4 7,used over walls1 fences1 pillars1 arbors and trellises47 ,baby ramblers1 #ah in4 to #bd in4 high1 are good for hedges1 beds1 or carpeting1 and can be bought in white1 pink1 salmon pink1 red and yellow4 ,climbing ,american ,beauty1 well worth growing2 rose-pink4 ,dorothy ,perkins1 a profuse bloomer and rapid grower2 shell-pink4 ,crimson ,rambler1 first of the ramblers1 but disliked by many gardeners today2 crimson4 ,dr4 ,van ,fleet1 one of the best1 resisting mildew and insects1--a gem2 flesh-pink4 ,excelsa1 an improvement on the formerly popular crimson rambler2 crimson4 ,hiawatha1 most brilliant of all1 between #dj and #ej roses to the spray2 carmine4 ,tausendschoen1 roses #c in4 across1 graceful in form1 and #aj or #ae to the truss2 pink4 ,white ,dorothy1 like satisfactory ,dorothy ,perkins1 except for color2 white4 ,yellow ,rambler1 new variety called ,aviator ,bleriot1 the first hardy yellow2 yellow4 ,briar1 ,austrian and ,hybrids4 7,loved by our grandmothers1 and some known here in this country as far back as #aeif4 ,they must not be crowded47 ,austrian ,copper1 beautiful single reddish-copper and one of the oldest2 copper4 ,austrian ,yellow1 lovely single flowers 7introduced late in #aejj72 deep yellow4 ,english ,sweet ,briar1 or ,eglantine1 loved for its fragrance1 also single2 pink4 ,anne of ,gerstein1 very graceful2 dark crimson4 ,brenda1 very dainty2 peach4 ,refulgence1 fragrant foliage1--deepens in color on developing2 scarlet to crimson4 ,,american ,,grown ,,roses ,the ,american grown rose1 however1 ,i find is considered by many people to be by far the best4 ,while its slender brown stems are not as attractive to the ignorant gardener as the thick1 green of the imported1 it is much more adapted to our soil and climatic conditions4 ,it is cheaper1 too1 and splendid varieties1 in #b-a_/b-;in4 and #c-;in4 pots1 can be bought as low as #e4jj or #f4jj a hundred from expert growers1 by the person willing to start a rose garden and then wait a year for really fine results4 ,in lots of fifteen1 however1 many of these fine varieties of one-year-old plants can be bought for #a4jj1 with the growers' guarantee that they will bloom the first and each succeeding year1 from early spring until severe frost4 ,the plants are small1 of course1 but who could ask for more at that price6 ,the 7probably7 best informed man in the ,eastern ,united ,states recommends the following list of ,teas and ,hybrid ,teas1--and it has been adopted by a number of firms as suggestions for planting4 ,don't go looking for these plants at the #e- and #aj-;cent stores1 for they never carry such specialties4 ,they are cheap1 though1 and well known throughout this section1 but they should be procured from people ,,who ,,make ,a ,,business ,,of ,,growing ,,roses6 ,a ,,specialist',s ,,list ,,of ,,teas ,,and ,,hybrid ,,teas ,white ,grossherzogin ,alexandra ,kaiserin ,augusta ,victoria ,marie ,guillot ,white ,bougere ,yellow ,blumenschmidt ,etoile de ,lyon ,lady ,hillingdon ,sunburst ,light ,pink ,col4 ,r4 ,s4 ,williamson ,helen ,good ,mrs4 ,foley ,hobbs ,souvenir du ,president ,carnot ,wm4 ,r4 ,smith ,yvonne ,vacherot ,dark ,pink ,aurora ,f4 ,r4 ,patger ,jonkheer ,j4 ,l4 ,mock ,lady ,alice ,stanley ,maman ,cochet ,mme4 ,jules ,grolez ,mrs4 ,george ,shawyer ,radiance ,red ,crimson ,queen ,etoile de ,france ,mme4 ,eugene ,marlitt ,general ,mc,arthur ,helen ,gould ,laurent ,carle ,rhea ,reid ,,chapter ,,viii ,vines1 ,tender and ,hardy ,they shall sit every man under his vine and under his figtree4 --,micah iv1 #d4 ,,everybody likes a pretty vine1 and there is sure to be some place where you will want to plant at least one4 ,where8 ,why1 at one corner of the porch where you like to play2 round the pillar at the front door1 where you read1 or by the window where you sit to sew2 in the backyard to cover the clothespoles1 hide the chicken fence1 or screen some old1 ugly building4 ,the common annual vines you probably know pretty well1--the climbing nasturtium1 morning glory1 moonflower1 cypress vine1 scarlet runner1 hyacinth bean1 wild cucumber1 gourds and hops4 ,they are treated very much alike1 grow with little care if they only have something to climb on1 and spread rapidly4 ,the hardy vines are not so easily disposed of4 ,for instance1 the clematis 7with accent on the clem17 numbers throughout the world about one hundred and fifty species1--generally climbers1--in white1 blue1 purple1 red and yellow1 and ranges from the #b-;ft4 shrubby kind to the #be-;ft4 vine4 ,while our common mountain clematis 7,montana grandiflora7 flowers as early as ,april1 the ,jackmani in mid-summer1 and the ,paniculata often as late as ,september1 the ,henryi is seen even in ,november4 ,and while some can be grown from seed1 the rest have to be propagated by cutting or grafting4 ,,warning ,right here let me again urge you to make sure of the particular kind of flower1 plant or vine that you get1 so that you will know how to treat it1 and not count on flowers in ,june from a variety that blossoms in ,september1 or expect purple posies from the white sort4 ,the gentleman printing this book will not let me take space enough to go into details about every thing ,i mention 7he says paper is too dear67 so the only way out of the difficulty is for me to make the lists include all the colors1 all the heights1 all the months of bloom1 and then impress on ,,you the necessity of ascertaining the particular kind you want to grow4 ,,books ,,that ,,will ,,help ,as the people you would ask might make a mistake about these things1 get in the habit of looking them up for yourself4 ,go to the ,public ,library and just see the fascinating books that have been written about plants and flowers1--many for children and in the form of stories4 ,for real facts1 though1 given in few words and easily found from a complete index in the back1 ask for ,the ,american ,flower ,garden1 by ,neltje ,blanchan1 or ,the ,garden ,month by ,month1 by ,mabel ,cabot ,sedgwick4 ,this latter gives a little description of all the hardy plants and flowers1 and is filled with beautiful pictures4 ,and some of the big seed dealers and nurserymen get out fine catalogues that are really garden books in themselves1 chock full of information accompanied by colored illustrations1 which can be had for the asking6 ,,vines ,,that ,,must ,,be ,,renewed ,,every ,,year ,,the ,,annual ,,climbers ,,name ,,color ,,height ,,sow ,,sow ,,good ,,for ,,place,,blooming ,,indoors,,outdoors ,,season ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,balloon ,vine ,white #aj to ,may #ast ,rapid ,sun 7,cardiospermum,seeds in#ae ft4 #f in4 growing halicacabum7 tiny apart balloons ,balsam ,apple ,has #aj ft4 ,may ,trellis or ,sun 7,momordica7 curious #f in4 rock-work fruit apart ,cardinal ,climber ,cardinal#ae to ,march ,may ,rapid ,sun ,june 7new7 7,ipomoea #bj ft4 growing quamoclit hybrid7 ,cypress ,vine ,red #aj to ,march ,may ,dense mass ,sun ,june 7,ipomoea ,white #bj ft4 ,april quamoclit7 ,fire ,bean1 see ,scarlet ,runner ,gourds1 ,odd #ae to ,may ,over arbor or ,sun ,ornamental shapes #cj ft4 summer-house ,hop1 ,japanese ,green #bj to ,may ,rapid growing ,sun 7annual7 #cj ft4 ,arbors and 7,humulus7 screens ,hyacinth ,bean ,purple #aj to ,may ,arbors and ,sun ,july 7,dolichos7 ,white #bj ft4 trellises ,moon ,flower ,white #ae to ,feb4 or,may ,rapid ,sun ,july 7,ipomoea #cj ft4,march growing to frost bona-nox7 ,morning ,glory ,white #aj to ,may ,rapid ,sun ,july1 7,ipomoea ,pink #bj ft4 growing ,aug4 purpurea7 ,purple ,blue ,nasturtium1 ,tall ,yellows#f to ,may ,screens and ,sun ,july 7,tropaeolum to reds#ab ft4 trellises to ,oct4 majus7 ,scarlet ,runner ,scarlet #aj to ,april ,screens ,sun ,july 7,phaseolus #ab ft4 ,may to frost multiflorus7 ,sweet ,pea ,all #c to ,march ,train on ,sun ,july 7,lathyrus colors #f ft4 brush o to ,sept4 odoratus7 ,wild ,cucumber ,white #ab to ,may #ast ,screens or ,sun ,july1 7,echinocystis7 #ae ft4 coverings ,aug4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,vines ,,that ,,live ,,on ,,from ,,year ,,to ,,year ,,the ,,hardy ,,climbers ,,note4--,different varieties of same kind will bloom at different times4 ,,start ,,blooming ,,name ,,color ,,height ,,outdoors,,good ,,for ,,place ,,season ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,akabia ,violet- ,light ,may1 ,june 7,akabia brown screen quinata7 ,bittersweet ,yellow #bj ft4 ,in the ,sun or ,bright 7,celastrus fall shade seeds scandens7 for winter ,cinnamon ,vine ,white #ae to ,plant ,rapid ,sun ,july1 ,aug4 7,dioscorea7 #cj ft4 roots ingrowth early spring ,clematis ,white #e to ,start in,rapid ,stands part ,different 7numerous ,red #be ft4 early growth shade kinds at varieties7 ,purple spring different times4 ,june to frost ,creeping ,spindle ,evergreen,varies ,procure ,wall 7,euonymus trailer in roots covering radicans7 height like ,ivy ,dutchman's ,pipe ,brownish-,grows ,may ,dense ,anywhere 7,aristolochia7 yellow to #cj shade ft4 ,honeysuckle1 ,yellow- #ae ft4 ,procure ,trellis ,june to ,japanese white plants ,fence ,aug4 7,lonicera ,walls ,halliana7 ,hop1 ,perennial ,green #ae to ,procure ,trellis ,sun 7,humulus #bj ft4 roots lupulus7 ,ivy1 ,boston or ,spreads,procure ,covers ,sun or ,japan rapidlyplants walls shade 7,ampelopsis or or trees ,veitchii7 ,ivy1 ,english ,evergreen ,procure ,wall ,shade-loving 7,hedera plants covering helix7 ,kudzu ,vine1 ,rosy- #aj ft4 ,early ,thick ,sun ,august ,japanese purple ,first spring screen 7,pueraria year ,thunbergiana7 from seed ,matrimony ,vine ,purplish ,shrubby,procure ,ornament ,sun ,late 7,lycium roots and use summer barbaum7 ,pea1 ,everlasting ,red #f to #h ,plant ,trellis ,sun ,august 7,lathyrus ,white ft4 tuber oror rough latifolius7 seed places ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------- ,,chapter ,,ix ,shrubs ,we ,love to ,see ,every yard should be a picture4 ,the observer should catch the entire effect and purpose1 without analyzing its parts4 --,bailey4 ,,of course you want to know something about shrubs4 ,for what8 ,possibly just to make a tiny hedge around your garden1 or a taller one to shut out the view of some neighbor's untidy backyard4 ,more likely for a lovely specimen plant for your own grounds4 ,in that case1 don't1 oh1 don't6 set it out in the middle of the lawn6 ,and two or three thus dotted around 7in spotty planting1 so called7 are the acme of bad taste1 and violate the fundamental principles of landscape gardening4 ,illustration3 ,,cleaning ,,up ,,around ,,the ,,shrubs ,our grandmothers all loved the tall syringa1 honeysuckle1 snowball1 strawberry shrub1 weigela1 rose of ,sharon and lilac1 while they hedged both their yards and gardens with box1 privet and evergreens4 ,today we use a good deal of the ,japanese barberry1 while ,uncle ,sam's recent free distribution has widely introduced that pretty little annual bush-like plant--the kochia1 or summer cypress1 good for low hedges4 ,but there is that publisher cutting off my space again6 ,so ,i can just add a word about the lovely new summer lilac or buddleia4 ,a tiny plant of this1 costing only #be cents1 grows into a nice four-foot bush the first summer1 and blooms until late in the season4 ,most of these shrubs can be easily grown from cuttings1 however1 so just ask your friends to remember you when they do their pruning4 ,,shrubs ,,name ,,color ,,height ,,grown ,,from ,,blooming ,,season ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,althea1 see ,rose of ,sharon ,azalea ,no blues #a to #f ft4 ,spring1 early summer ,barberry1 ,japan ,red #d ft4 ,seed ,red berries all 7,berberis berries winter ,thunbergii7 ,boxwood ,green #d to #bj ft4 7,buxus sempervirens7 ,bridal ,wreath1 see ,spirea 7,thunbergii7 ,buddleia ,lavender #c to #f ft4 ,cuttings ,july to frost ,currant1 ,yellow #d ft4 ,may ,flowering 7,ribes aureum7 ,deutzia ,white1 #c to #ab ft4 ,cuttings ,may1 ,june ,pink ,forsythia ,yellow #f to #aj ft4,cuttings or ,earliest spring seed ,golden ,bell1 see ,forsythia ,honeysuckle ,white1 #f to #ab ft4,cuttings or ,march to ,june 7numerous ,yellow seed varieties7 ,pink1 ,red 7,lonicera7 ,hydrangea ,white #h to #ab ft4 ,cuttings ,july to ,november 7,paniculata generally grandiflora7 ,japanese ,quince ,scarlet #h ft4 ,may 7,cydonia japonica7 ,kochia 7small #c ft4 ,seed ,bush reddens in annual bush7 fall ,lilac 7,syringa ,lavender1 #e to ,may1 ,june vulgaris7 ,white #bj ft4 ,mock ,orange ,white #aj ft4 ,may1 ,june 7,philadelphus coronarius7 ,privet ,green #ae ft4 ,cuttings 7,ligustrum unless ovalifolium7 sheared ,rose of ,sharon ,white1 ,up to ,august to 7,hibiscus ,pink to #ah ft4 ,october ,syriacus7 ,purple ,snowball1 ,white #h to ,cuttings ,may1 ,june ,japanese #aj ft4 7,viburnum tomentosum7 ,spirea ,white #b to ,may 7,thunbergii7 #d ft4 ,spirea 7numerous ,white1 #d to ,different months other ,pink1 ,rose #f ft4 from ,may to varieties7 ,september ,strawberry ,shrub,chocolate- #f to ,by division ,may colored #aj ft4 ,syringa1 see ,mock ,orange ,viburnum1 see ,snowball ,weigela ,white1 #f ft4 ,june 7,diervilla ,pink1 ,red florida7 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,chapter ,x ,vegetable ,growing for the ,home ,table ,the life of the husbandman1--a life fed by the bounty of earth1 and sweetened by the airs of heaven4 --,jerrold4 ,,it is predicted that this year1--#aiag1--will be the greatest year for gardening that the country ever has known6 ,the high cost of living first stimulated interest4 ,then after war was declared1 the slogan1 ,food as important as men or munitions1 stirred young and old4 ,garden clubs sprang up everywhere1 and in free lectures people were instructed how to prepare1 plant and cultivate whatever ground they could get1 from small backyards to vacant lots4 ,in our neighborhood last year a man with a plot of ground less than half the size of a tennis court1 grew #ej4jj worth of vegetables1--enough to supply his whole family6 ,he got his planting down to a science1 however1--what he called intensive gardening1 so that every foot of the soil was kept busy the whole summer4 ,he fertilized but once1 too1 at the beginning of the season1 when he had a quantity of manure thoroughly worked in4 ,then between slow growing crops1 planted in rows as closely as possible1 he planted the quick-growing things1 which would be out of the way before their space was needed4 ,incidentally he worked out a chart 7which he afterwards put on the market71 ruled one way for the months1 and the other for the number of feet1 with name cards for the vegetables that could be fitted in so as to visualize--and make a record of the entire garden the entire season4 ,such a plan means a great saving of both time and space4 ,garden soil must be warm1 light and rich4 ,it must be well spaded to begin with1 well fertilized1 well raked over1 and kept well cultivated4 ,vegetables require plenty of moisture1 and during dry weather especially must be thoroughly watered4 ,as ,i have said before1 simply wetting the surface of the ground is almost useless1 and often1 by causing the ground then to cake over the top as it dries1 worse than none at all1 if the soil were cultivated instead4 ,pests must be watched for on all the crops1 and treated according to the special needs of each variety when whale-oil1 soapsuds1 tobacco dust or insect powder seem ineffective4 ,then with weeding1 and reasonable care1 you can safely expect to keep your table supplied with that greatest of all luxuries1--your own green vegetables1 fresh from the soil4 ,,vegetable ,,guide ,beans4 ,bush ,plant from early ,may on1 every two weeks1 for succession of crops4 ,drop beans #c in4 apart1 in #b-;in4 deep drills1 allowing #b ft4 between rows4 ,hoe often1 drawing the earth up towards the roots4 ,be sure that the ground is warm and dry before planting1 however1 or the beans will rot4 ,beans4 ,pole ,set stakes #e to #h feet high1 in rows #c ft4 apart each way2 or plant in drills to grow on a trellis4 ,put four or five beans around each stake1 and when well started1 thin out the poorest1 leaving but three at each pole4 ,a cheap trellis is made by stretching two wires 7one near the ground and the other six feet above71 and connecting them with stout twine for the vines to run on4 ,beans4 ,lima ,as these are more tender1 they should be planted a couple of weeks later than other beans4 ,they need especially good1 rich soil1 with plenty of humus or the fine soft earth that is full of decayed vegetable matter4 ,allow each plant #f in4 in the row1 and make rows #b ft4 apart4 ,give a good dose of fertilizer about the time they start1 and keep well cultivated4 ,beans are among the easiest of all vegetables to grow1 and as they can be dried for winter use1 are especially valuable4 ,beets4 ,any well-tilled1 good garden soil will produce nice beets4 ,make drills or rows #ah in4 apart1 and plant the seed about #a in4 deep if earth is light and sandy1 but only half an inch if heavy and sticky1 as early as the ground can be put in condition4 ,cultivate often1 and thin out the plants to about #c in4 apart4 ,sow at intervals of two or three weeks for successive crops up to the middle of ,july4 ,an extra early lot can be had by starting seed in the house in boxes in ,february or ,march1 and then setting the young plants out at time of first outdoor planting4 ,cabbage4 ,for early crop1 start seed indoors in ,february or ,march and transplant1 when four leaves appear1 to another seed box until you can plant in open ground in ,may4 ,for later crop sow seeds in rows in open ground during ,april and ,may1 and transplant during ,july and ,august1 to #bj in4 apart1 in rows #c ft4 apart4 ,cultivate often1 to keep moisture in the soil4 ,prepare to fight pests1 early and late4 ,after the seventy or more remedies suggested by one authority1 for maggots alone1 the amateur might feel like abandoning cabbage1 but at the price this moment of #afj4jj a ton1 wholesale1 in ,new ,york ,city1 a person with even a handkerchief bed feels like attempting this luxury4 ,carrots4 ,hardy and easily grown1 they can be sown in rows that are #ab in4 apart1 and thinned out to #c in4 apart in the row4 ,they can be started as early as ,april1 and sown for succession up to the middle of ,july4 ,cultivate often4 ,cauliflower4 ,treat like cabbage1 except that you must start as early as possible1 to get ahead of the hot weather1 and give the plants plenty of water4 ,when the heads are well-formed and firm1 bring the outside leaves up and tie together1 to shut out the sun and keep the heads white and tender4 ,and don't forget1--plenty of water6 ,celery4 ,seed for an early crop can be started in ,february1 in a shallow box in a sunny window1 then transplanted to another box1 pinching off the tall leaves4 ,in ,may or ,june dig a shallow trench in good rich soil1 and set plants1 #f in4 apart at bottom4 ,fill up the trench as the plants grow1 to within a few inches of the tip leaves1 in order to bleach out white4 ,set up boards against the rows to exclude light1 or cover in the easiest way4 ,for winter keeping1 take up plants with roots and place on damp soil in boxes in a cool1 dark cellar4 ,chicory ,witloof--or ,french ,endive4 ,often seventy-five cents a pound in the market1 but easily grown by the amateur4 ,seed is sold under name of ,witloof chicory1 and should be sown in open ground1 during ,may or ,june1 in rows a foot apart4 ,allow to grow until ,november1 cultivating and keeping moist4 ,then dig up roots1--long1 thick tubers1--trim down tops to within #a-a_/b in41 and cut off bottom of root so that whole plant will be less than a foot long4 ,place upright in separate pots or a long box in a cool cellar1 fill up to within a couple of inches from tops of roots1 and cover each top with an inverted pot or box1 to exclude the light4 ,make thoroughly damp and never allow to dry out4 ,in about four weeks the new tops can be cut for the table1 and by covering and keeping wet1 often three or four successive crops can be secured4 ,a friend of mine keeps two families supplied most of the winter1 at little cost or trouble4 ,a delicious salad4 ,corn4 ,sweet ,plant early and then every two weeks for succession1 in good rich soil1 dropping the seed #aj in4 apart in rows #c ft4 apart 7for hand cultivation74 ,start early in ,may1 and hoe often4 ,golden ,bantam1 ,evergreen and ,country ,gentleman are especial favorites4 ,cucumbers4 ,plant as soon as weather is settled1 and warm1 7early in ,may around ,new ,york17 in hills at least #d ft4 each way4 ,give good rich soil1 and keep moist4 ,leave only two or three plants to a hill1 and do not allow cucumbers to ripen on vines4 ,plant for succession4 ,the ,japanese climbing variety runs up a pole or trellis1 is free from blight1 and produces especially fine1 big cucumbers4 ,endive4 ,see ,chicory ,lettuce4 ,can be started in boxes indoors1 in ,march4 ,make sowing in the open ground from ,april to ,november1 if you protect the first and last4 ,put in nice1 rich soil1 in warm spot1 and transplant when big enough to handle1 into rows1 setting #e in4 apart4 ,don't forget to weed6 ,melons4 ,muskmelons are most easily grown1 but both the weather and the ground must be warm4 ,give them a light1 rich soil1--which1 if you haven't1 you must make by mixing the heavy soil with old manure4 ,make hills #f ft4 apart1 putting a few shovelfuls of fertilizer in each1 and planting about a dozen seeds to a hill4 ,after well started1 and when most of the pests have had their fill and disappeared1 thin out so as to leave only four or five of the strongest vines to each hill4 ,spray repeatedly with some good mixture4 ,watermelons4 ,these take up so much room that not many people try to grow them4 ,the culture1 however1 is about the same as for muskmelons1 only make hills #h to #aj ft4 apart4 ,illustration3 ,,all ,,ready ,,to ,,hoe ,onions4 ,plant seed in fine1 rich1 well-prepared soil1 as early as possible1 in shallow drills1 #ab in4 apart4 ,firm down with the back of your spade1 and when well started1 thin out to #c in4 apart in the rows4 ,hoe often without covering the bulbs1 and water freely4 ,parsley4 ,this requires a rich1 mellow soil4 ,sow early in ,april1 in rows #a ft4 apart1 after soaking the seed a few hours in warm water to make it come up more quickly4 ,plant seed #a_/b in4 deep1 and thin out the little plants to #e in4 apart in the drills4 ,parsnips4 ,sow as early as you can in well-prepared ground1 #a_/b in4 deep1 in rows #a ft4 apart4 ,when well started1 thin out to #f in4 apart in the row4 ,parsnips are improved by being left in the ground over winter1 for spring use4 ,peas4 ,the early smooth varieties are the first seeds to put into the garden1 though the wrinkled are a better quality4 ,dig furrows #b in4 deep in earliest spring1 but when weather is warm1 #d in4 deep2 and #c ft4 apart4 ,select the kind of peas desired1 scatter in the rows1 and cover with a hoe4 ,they need good soil1 plenty of cultivation1 and the tall sorts should be given brush for support4 ,sow several times for succession4 ,early crop may be hurried by first soaking the seed4 ,potatoes4 ,selling as they are today 7,february1 #aiag71 for #aj cents a pound1 one is strongly tempted to turn the flower garden into a potato patch6 ,the early varieties need especially rich soil4 ,drop a couple of pieces about every foot1 in #c to #d in4 deep drills that are #c ft4 apart4 ,cultivate often1 and fight the vast army of potato bugs with ,paris green1 or ,bordeaux mixture4 ,radishes4 ,a light1 rich1 sandy soil will grow the early kinds in from four to six weeks4 ,sow in drills a foot apart 7scatteringly1 so as not to require thinning17 every two weeks1 keep free from weeds1 and water in dry weather4 ,start outdoors in early ,april4 ,spinach4 ,sow in early spring in drills made #c_/d in4 deep1 and #a ft4 apart1 as early as the ground can be worked4 ,thereafter1 every two weeks for succession4 ,good rich soil is necessary4 ,squash4 ,be sure of rich1 warm soil4 ,plant in well-fertilized hills1 like melons or cucumbers1 at least #d or #e ft4 apart4 ,sow eight to ten seeds to a hill1 and after the insects have had their feast1 keep only three or four of the vines that are strongest4 ,to repress the ardor of the squash vine borer1 scatter a handful of tobacco dust around each plant4 ,tomatoes4 ,most easily started by getting the young plants grown under glass1 and setting out in the open ground in ,may4 ,put #d ft4 apart1 in rich1 mellow soil1 and water freely4 ,seed can be started1 however1 in the house1 in ,march1 then the seedlings transplanted into old berry-boxes or flowerpots1 and allowed to grow slowly until about ,may #aeth 7around ,new ,york71 when they can be set in the open ground4 ,plants are attractive when tied to stakes or a trellis1 and produce earlier1 better and higher grade tomatoes1 without the musty taste of those that are allowed to sprawl over the ground4 ,turnips4 ,sow early in the open ground1 in drills #ae in4 apart1 and thin out to #f in4 apart in the row4 ,up to ,june1 sow every two weeks for succession4 ,,chapter ,,xi ,your ,garden's ,friends and ,foes ,a cow is a very good animal in the field2 but we turn her out of a garden4 --,johnson4 ,,your garden's friends and foes1--have you ever thought about them as such8 ,you go to a lot of trouble to raise fine flowers and vegetables1 and then1 if you are not on the lookout1 before you know it something has happened6 ,your rose leaves are discovered full of holes1 and your potato vines almost destroyed2 your tomato plants are being eaten up by the big1 ugly tomato worm1 while your choicest flowers are dying from the inroads of green or brown insects so tiny that at first you do not notice them2 and strong plants of all kinds are found cut off close to the ground4 ,what further proof do you need that your beloved garden has its enemies8 ,here indeed ,eternal vigilance is the price of liberty4 ,if you would be free and escape such ravages1 you can not wait until your foes are full-fledged and hard at work1 because usually considerable damage has then been done4 ,instead1 you should learn at the time you begin gardening all about the many difficulties you have to contend with1 including the various things that prey upon your plants4 ,when you plant seed1 for instance1 and it fails to come up1 you are apt to blame either the dealer or the weather man4 ,just as likely as not1 though1 some insect had attacked the seed before it was planted1 or else the grubs got busy and enjoyed a full meal4 ,these pests1 with their various relations1 are the most difficult of all to control1 but poisoned bait 7freshly cut clover that has been sprayed with ,paris green17 scattered on the ground where cut worms come out at night to feed1 will destroy many of them4 ,when your plants have begun to grow1 however1 and you find them being nipped off close to the ground1 dig close to the stem and you will probably bring to light a cut worm curled up in his favorite position1 and you can end him then and there from doing further damage4 ,the wire worm1 on the contrary1 works entirely below the surface1 and when you spade up a long1 slender1 jointed1 brownish1 wriggling worm1 quite hard1 you will know that he is one of the kind to be immediately destroyed4 ,these grubs and worms are the different kind of caterpillars1--the children1--of several varieties of moths that fly by night1 the shining brown beetle that bumps against the ceiling on a summer evening1 and the funny snap-bug4 ,crawling or flying1 young or old1 parent or child1 they generally do their worst after dark4 ,equal parts of soot and lime1 well mixed1 scattered in a four-inch ring around each stem on the top of the soil1 will keep away the things that crawl1 while white hellebore 7a poison that must not get on little fingers17 dusted on the plants will keep off most of the things that fly4 ,rose bugs1 however1 seem to come in a class by themselves6 ,apparently1 they don't mind any of the well-known deterrents and about the only way to really get rid of them is to go bugging1 which means knocking them off into a cup of kerosene or a box where they can be killed4 ,caterpillars1 naked or hairy1 eat vegetation1 and are consequently most unwelcome visitors4 ,the sowbug or pill-bug1 while disagreeable to look at1 is not quite so injurious as often thought1 but the mite called the red spider can do a lot of damage4 ,most of the beetles seriously injure the vegetables4 ,the saw-flies with their offspring1 and certain kinds of ants 7especially the soldier ants7 are as troublesome as the caterpillars1 while the next family group1 the grasshoppers1 locusts1 katydids and crickets are all great feeders1--the grasshoppers and locusts often becoming an actual plague and destroying whole crops4 ,to get rid of the caterpillars and beetles various means are employed1 such as spraying with ,paris green1 ,bordeaux mixture1 kerosene emulsion1 or even strong suds made with whale-oil soap2 and ,paris green is also applied dry4 ,a pretty good poison is bran-and-arsenic mixture1 but the different liquids and powders make a story by themselves1 and require great care in using2 so you better consult some successful gardener-friend about the best one 7and the way to use it17 for your particular foe4 ,of the sucking insects1--those that draw out the juice or sap of the plant1--the aphides or plant lice do inestimable damage to all kinds of plants and flowers1 while the chinch bug and garden tree-hopper seem to prefer to attack vegetables4 ,the most familiar aphides are green1 and they have tiny1 soft1 pear-shaped bodies1 with long legs and feelers4 ,they usually live on the under side of the leaves and along the stems1 and one good way to get rid of them is to spray with kerosene emulsion or tobacco water1 or else sprinkle with clear water and then dust with tobacco dust4 ,not all of the live things that you find about your plants and flowers are injurious1 however1 and you must learn to recognize those which are beneficial4 ,the ladybug1 although a beetle1 lives on aphides1 and so is your helper in destroying them4 ,several beetles1 like the fiery ground beetle1 subsist on cutworms1 and the soldier bug dines on the destructive offspring of beetles and moths4 ,the daddy-long-legs and the spider are also friends to your garden1 together with many wasps4 ,as for the bees1 many1 many plants are dependent on them for fertilization1 as the insects in their search for honey go clear down into the flowers and carry with them the necessary pollen from one blossom to another4 ,two stories ,i have heard illustrate this point4 ,in ,australia many years ago people tried to introduce clover1 but they could not make it grow until some one thought of importing the bees also4 ,the native insects did not have a proboscis long enough to reach to the bottom of the flower1 so that the pollen had never been properly placed4 ,then1 not very long ago1 a farmer living near a railroad had his crop of tomatoes ruined because the railroad used soft coal1 the soot of which--settling on the tomato blossoms--kept away the bees so that the flowers were not fertilized6 ,he sued the company and recovered damages4 ,so you see the bee is really necessary for the success of your garden4 ,toads eat many of your small enemies1 and should be encouraged by providing an upturned box or some cool1 shady place in your garden where they can rest during the day1--for much of this dog-eat-dog business1 sometimes termed the law of the jungle1 goes on at night4 ,birds1 however1 wage open warfare1 in broad daylight1 and wherever the soil has been cultivated1 in the fields or among the plants and flowers1 the feathered tribe seek the very things you want destroyed4 ,a well-known nurseryman1 when the ,english sparrow was first introduced in this country1 noticed many of the birds among his choice roses1 and to satisfy himself that they were not injuring the plants1 killed one of the fattest4 ,an investigation of his little stomach showed it to be chock-full of rose slugs and aphides1--the rose's worst enemies6 ,the robins1 of the thrush family1 live almost entirely on worms and insects1 and the bluebirds1 orioles1 tanagers and starlings1 with the various songsters1 should all be given a most cordial invitation to pay you a long visit4 ,and this invitation8 ,a place to live1 if only a box nailed up on a tree1 with an opening small enough to keep out intruders4 ,a bird house more attractive in your own eyes is easily made by any boy or girl handy with a knife or a jig-saw1 and really artistic houses1 suited to particular birds1 are described in various books and magazines1 made from pieces of bark1 sections of limb1 or fir cones4 ,a little study of the kind of nest each bird makes for itself may enable you to select your guests4 ,the swallow1 the cat-bird1 the blackbird1 the finch1--all should be welcomed3 and suet tied on the branches1 bread crumbs scattered around your door1 grain sprinkled where you especially want them to come1 will encourage the winter birds to pay you a daily visit4 ,a bird bath is sure to prove an irresistible attraction4 ,i have seen my back yard full of starlings and sparrows1 pushing and crowding each other to get into a little pool where the snow has melted around a clothes-pole6 ,a shallow pan1 with an inch or two of water1 will often draw so many birds that it has to be filled again and again during the day4 ,birds suffer1 too1 in winter from thirst1 and greatly appreciate a drinking place4 ,a bird fountain1 with its running water1 is a delight for the rich2 but a pretty enamelled tray1 white or gray1 and round1 square or oval1 can be bought in a department store for less than a dollar1 and it can be sunk in the top of a vine-covered rockery or securely placed on a mossy stump1 where it will bring both joy and birds to the smallest gardener4 ,so cheer up4 ,though your foes1 as described1 seem a formidable army1 remember all the friends that will rally to your aid1 and with reasonable watchfulness and care1 you and your garden will come out victorious4 ,,chapter ,,xii ,a ,morning ,glory ,playhouse ,small service is true service while it lasts4 ,of humblest friends1 bright creature6 scorn not one2 ,the daisy1 by the shadow that it casts1 ,protects the lingering dewdrop from the sun4 --,wordsworth4 ,,you children love a playhouse1 don't you8 ,yet it isn't always easy to get one4 ,a morning glory bower1 however1 is a perfect delight1 and very easy to make4 ,persuade some big brother to drive a few long stakes in the ground so as to mark out either a square or a circle1 as you prefer4 ,then ask him to fasten some heavy cord from the bottom of one stake to the top of the next nearest1 and then across the top1 leaving only a place at one side for an entrance4 ,soak your morning glory seeds over night1 so that they will germinate more quickly1 and then plant them along the line of the circle or square marked on the ground4 ,as soon as they begin to grow1 train the vines on the cords1 and if necessary tie in a few more strings near the bottom1 to help the baby climbers get started4 ,the morning glory grows very rapidly1 and is justly popular because of its lovely blossoms which come in the most beautiful shades4 ,and as the flowers always turn away from the sun1 you will find them soon completely lining the inside of your playhouse4 ,the most common kind 7,convolvulus major17 grows from #ae to #bj ft41 and will do well in almost any location4 ,it costs only five cents per packet1 and will flower all summer4 ,who could ask more6 ,the rarer kinds are known as the ,japanese ,morning ,glory1 which grows from #cj to #ej ft41 and has blossoms measuring from #c to #d inches across4 ,these range from snowy white to darkest purple through the pinks1 both plain and with all kinds of variations4 ,they grow and spread very fast1 and love a sunny location4 ,if you prefer1 you can use the trunk of some tree for the center pole of your playhouse4 7,possibly some of you at the opera may have seen ,siegmund draw the magic sword from the big tree-trunk in the center of his sweetheart's home47 ,well1 you could attach cords from pegs driven in a circle around the base1 to the tree at any height desired1 and here plant either the scarlet runner or the hyacinth bean4 ,still another way is to plant two poles #h or #aj ft4 apart1 and have a stick nailed across the top1 like the ridge pole of a tent4 ,drive pegs into the ground along each side1 in parallel lines #f or #h ft4 apart1 and tie heavy cords from the pegs on one side to the pegs on the other1--carried1 of course1 over the ridgepole4 ,plant your seeds close to the pegs1 and in a few weeks your vines will form a flower tent4 ,for this purpose1 you might use the climbing nasturtiums or the wild cucumber vine4 ,or1 if you can save up the fifteen cents necessary1 buy the new cardinal climber1 which has clusters of five to seven blossoms each1 of a beautiful cardinal red1 from ,july until late fall4 ,the vine grows rapidly1 and often more than #bj ft4 long1 so that when it reaches the ridge-pole1 you can let it run over the other side1 and make a good thick roof4 ,the seeds are very hard1 however1 and so should either be soaked over night1 or slightly nicked with a file4 ,if you get a firm1 strong framework for your playhouse1 you might like to plant a hardy vine that would live through the winter and be ready for use early next summer without further trouble4 ,in that case1 you could use the ,dutchman's pipe1 which is a fast growing climber having peculiar yellow-brown flowers the shape of a pipe4 ,though these seeds are only ten cents per packet1 the young plants are sold by the nurserymen for fifty cents apiece3 so if you grow them yourself you can figure out what a valuable little house you will have6 ,the everlasting pea is a sprawling1 quick grower1 having many flowers in a cluster1 and blooming in ,august4 ,it thrives in even the most common soil1 and gets better every year4 ,it comes in white1 pink and red1 and a package of the mixed colors can be bought for five cents4 ,other things besides vines are good for flower playhouses4 ,hollyhocks1 planted in a square or a circle1 will soon be high enough to screen you from the curious butcher-boy or the neighbor's maid4 ,while most kinds are biennials1 and so do not bloom until the second summer1 you can either coax a few plants from some grown-up friend that has a lot already established1 or you can buy seed of the new annual variety1 which1 if sown in ,may1 will flower in ,july6 ,sunflowers1 too1 are to be found in several varieties1 ranging from #f to #h ft4 in height1 which you could use for a sort of a stockade1 a la ,robinson ,crusoe4 ,those having the small blossoms are nice for cutting1 while the old-fashioned kind furnishes good feed for the chickens1--in which case your plants would be well worth growing for the seed4 ,it will never do1 however1 for you simply to get your flower playhouse started1 and then leave it to take care of itself6 ,you must watch the baby plants as soon as they peep out of the ground1 help the vines to grow in the right direction and water thoroughly whenever there is a dry spell4 ,cultivate around the roots every few days1 as this breaking up of the hard crust which forms on top will prevent the moisture from escaping through the air channels in the soil1 and keep the roots moist4 ,several times during the season dig in a trowelful of bonemeal around each plant1 and then give a good wetting4 ,while the hardy vines1 after once getting started1 bloom every year without much more attention1 the annuals have one advantage1--you can have a different kind every time4 ,in other words1 you would then be able to give your house a fresh coat of paint1--,i should say1 flowers--every summer4 ,,chapter ,,xiii ,the ,work of a ,children's ,garden ,club ,i am ever being taught new lessons in my garden3 patience and industry by my friends the birds1 humility by the great trees that will long outlive me1 and vigilance by the little flowers that need my constant care4 --,rosaline ,neish4 ,,did you ever see the boy or girl that did not want to get up a club8 ,i never did2 and the reason is that people1 young and old1 like to both work and play together4 ,now a garden club is really worth while1 and although ,i might simply ,,tell you how to proceed after getting your friends to meet and agree on the purpose1 you probably will get a much clearer idea if ,i relate what a certain group of little folks actually did accomplish4 ,fifteen boys and girls living in old ,greenwich ,village1--today one of the poor1 crowded sections of ,new ,york ,city1 where even the streets are darkened by a tall1 unsightly elevated railroad1--were invited to form a club that would be taken once a week out on ,long ,island to garden4 ,a vacant lot1 one hundred by one hundred and ten feet1 in ,flushing1 about twelve miles away1 had been offered for their use1 and some of the older people saw that the ground was first properly ploughed up1 for1 of course1 the children couldn't be expected to do that kind of hard work4 ,but they could1 and they eagerly did see that the soil was then properly prepared by breaking up the clods1 removing all the sticks and stones1 and getting the earth raked beautifully smooth4 ,several ,flushing ladies agreed to help1 making out lists of the flowers and vegetables most easily grown there1 getting the seeds free by asking for them from their ,congressman at ,washington1 and then showing the children how to plant4 ,first a five-foot border was measured off clear around the lot1 for a flower bed1 and each child had its own section4 ,after finding out what each one wanted to grow1 one bed was planted to show how the work should be done1--the depth to put in the seeds1 the distance the rows should be apart1 the way to cover1 besides the placing of the tallest flowers at the back or outer edge1 and the lowest or edging plants along the foot path4 ,this #ah-;in4 path ran clear around the lot1 leaving a large plot in the center4 ,this plot was then marked off by string or wire to divide it into the vegetable gardens1 with little walks between4 ,the vegetable beds measured about #f by #i ft41 but as #f ft4 proved wide for small arms to reach over and cultivate1 this year the beds are to be made #e by #aj ft4 ,at first1 too1 each child grew its own few stalks of corn on its own bed1 but it was difficult to manage1 so now all the corn will be grown in one patch1 where it can be more easily hoed4 ,the radishes and lettuce1 of course1 grew most quickly1 and within five or six weeks were ready for the table4 ,on that memorable first day1 from the fifteen beds1 over one thousand radishes alone were picked1 and that original planting continued to produce for nearly a month4 ,successive plantings brought on plenty for the rest of the season4 ,the lettuce1 too1 grew abundantly1 while the cucumbers were especially fine4 ,string beans were ready very early1 and three plantings during the season produced sometimes two to three quarts a week for each child4 ,tomatoes grew in such profusion that once during the hot weather when they ripened faster than usual1 a neighboring hospital was given two bushels6 ,and flowers6 ,the children actually could not carry them away4 ,they took home all they wanted1 and made up the rest into thousands of little bunches which the city ,plant1 ,flower and ,fruit ,guild gladly called for and distributed to the ,new ,york ,city hospitals1 jails and missions4 ,freshly cut1 they would last a week1 until the children's next visit to their gardens4 ,with hollyhocks1 dahlias1 cannas and cosmos at the back of the border1 and in front stocks1 poppies1 sweet alyssum1 ,japanese pinks1 nicotiana1 and the loveliest blue cornflowers imaginable1 they offered a choice variety4 ,how the children loved the work6 ,one poor little lame boy took some of his morning glory seed back to the slums and planted--where8 ,in a box on the window ledge of a dark court that never saw a ray of sunshine4 7,the woman in the tenement below objected to having it on the fire escape in front and he had no other place47 ,and there it actually bloomed1 dwarfed like its little owner1 fragile beyond words1 with a delicate flower no bigger than a dime1 but answering the call of love4 ,the gardens thrived in spite of the only once-a-week care4 ,a pipe line1 with a faucet1 ran to the center of the lot1 and plenty of watering cans were provided for the weekly use1 but during any extra hot weather a friendly neighbor would turn on her hose in between times to save the crops4 ,and a children's outgrown playhouse1 donated for the purpose1 served as a convenient place to keep the garden tools4 ,the garden work created general interest in all nature study1 and the children would go on trips to gather all kinds of grasses1 wild flowers1 and swamp treasures4 ,these were dried1 then classified1 and later presented to the ,public ,library for the use of teachers and students of botany4 ,and the little lame boy mentioned made a really beautiful collection of butterflies4 ,if the club you organize wants a community garden1 almost any owner of a vacant lot will give you its use1--especially if you offer in return to give him some fresh flowers and vegetables4 ,if you prefer1 however1 you can have your gardens on your own grounds4 ,then a committee of your elders could be invited to give you suggestions as to the flowers and vegetables best adapted to your location and soil1 and also to act as judges at your show4 ,for1 of course1 when everything is at its best you will want to have an exhibition4 ,perhaps some father or mother will offer a prize1--a book on gardening1 a vase or a plant for winter blooming4 ,illustration3 ,,an ,,outgrown ,,playhouse ,,held ,,the ,,tools ,,used ,,by ,,the ,,children ,,in ,,these ,,gardens ,remember that both the ,department of ,agriculture at ,washington1 and your ,state ,college of ,agriculture are anxious to help this kind of work4 ,the former gives you all the seeds you need1 free of charge4 ,write to some well-known seed houses for catalogues1 and you will get particulars about all the different varieties4 ,go to your ,public ,libraries1 and you will find the most fascinating books1 many written especially for children1 telling you just what to do4 ,when ,mother ,lets ,us ,garden1 by ,frances ,duncan1 is one of the best and simplest1 while ,little ,gardens for ,boys and ,girls1 by ,higgins1 ,mary's ,garden and ,how ,it ,grew1 by ,duncan1 ,children's ,library of ,work and ,play ,gardening1 by ,shaw1 and ,the ,school ,garden ,book1 by ,weed-,emerson1 are all intensely interesting4 ,if you find yourself so successful in your work that you have more flowers and vegetables than you can use1 remember that there are always plenty of poor people in your own town who would gladly accept your gifts1 and any church organization would tell you how to reach them4 ,if1 however1 you are trying to earn some money for yourself1 you can always find regular customers glad to buy things fresh from the garden4 ,for a meeting place during the summer1 why not plan a flower club-house8 ,perhaps some of the dear old grandmothers will give you a few hollyhock roots1 which you can plant in a circle big enough to hold your little club4 ,leave an opening in the ring just big enough to enter through1 and before the season is very far along1 the hollyhocks will be tall enough to screen you from the passerby4 ,the hollyhocks sow themselves1 and come up every year1 and hybridized by the bees1 show different colors every season4 ,better still1 go to the woods for a lot of brush1 stick it in the ground to form a square room1 and cover with a brush roof4 ,over this you can train wild honeysuckle1 which you can find in lengths of ten and twelve feet4 ,or you can buy a package or two of the ,varigated ,japanese ,hop1 which will grow ten feet in a month or six weeks1--and sowing itself1 come up and cover your house every year4 ,a garden club proves a source of pleasure through the winter1 too4 ,you can go on with the care and cultivation of house plants1 and the growing of all kinds of bulbs4 ,you can meet regularly at the different homes1 and have the members prepare and read little papers such as ,how to ,grow ,roman ,hyacinths in ,water1 ,the ,best ,flowers for a ,window-,box1 ,raising ,plants from ,cuttings1 ,starting ,seeds ,indoors1 ,how to ,make a ,table ,water-,garden1 etc4 ,in case you wish to know exactly how to organize and conduct a club1 just like big folks do1--get from your ,public ,library a book called ,boys' ,clubs1 by ,c4 ,s4 ,bernheimer and ,j4 ,m4 ,cohen4 ,this has also a chapter on girls' clubs1 and it tells you all about club management1 so that you can have a lot of fun at your meetings1 besides learning a great many important things in a way that you will never forget4 ,,chapter ,,xiv ,the ,care of ,house ,plants ,who loves a garden loves a greenhouse too4 --,cowper4 ,,if you are one of those people who love flowers and can make them grow1 said a ,fifth ,avenue florist to me recently1 you can do almost anything you please with them1 and they will thrive4 ,so1 then1 ,i laughed1 you think love has a great deal to do with the matter8 ,and he replied1 ,i most certainly do6 ,therefore1 if you love to see the green things growing1 enough to give them the least bit of intelligent care1 you can reasonably hope to raise all you have room for4 ,the main points to bear in mind are light1 heat and moisture4 ,flowering plants need sunlight at least part of the day1 and generally do best in a south window4 ,most of the decorative or foliage plants1 on the other hand1 will keep looking well with only a reasonable amount of light1 as when near a north or east window1 if they have the proper amount of heat and moisture4 ,but don't1 please1 set any plant back in the room1 away from the light1 and expect it to succeed very long1--for it never will6 ,select1 then1 growing things suited to your living quarters1 and learn their needs4 ,the heat of many living-rooms is too great1--and too dry1--for some plants to do their best in1 and they should be kept near the windows1 although out of draughts4 ,they usually will stand as much cold at night as they are likely to get in an ordinary house1 so it is best not to overheat them during the day1 but instead1 keep them in a cool part of the room4 ,moreover1 they thrive better if1 when suitably placed1 they are allowed to remain undisturbed4 ,the atmosphere should be kept moist by means of water kept on stove1 register or radiator1 but water to the roots should be applied to most plants only when the soil is dry4 ,this during the winter generally means two or three times a week4 ,with few exceptions1 plants should not be watered while still showing dampness4 ,i often wonder1 said another florist1 that women with gardens do not try to save some of their flowering plants that might easily be moved into the house4 ,perhaps they think it isn't worth while4 ,if they can afford to buy all they want to1 that may be the reason1 but the real flower lover will delight in coaxing some favorite to go on blooming indoors4 ,heliotropes cut back1 petunias and salvias1 by being carefully lifted with a ball of earth so as not to disturb the roots1 and then kept in the shade for a couple of days1 ought to continue to bloom for some time4 ,begonias ,i have moved this way without affecting them for a single day4 ,a small canna1 thus potted1 will last a long time and help out among the more expensive foliage plants4 ,geraniums1 however1 are the old stand-by of window gardeners4 ,if slipped during the summer1 by cutting off a tender shoot just below a joint1 and putting it in a pot of light1 rather sandy soil1 and kept moist1 it should bloom during the winter4 ,it does best in sunshine4 ,the kind of soil best adapted to houseplants generally1 is given by one authority as two parts loam1 one part leaf mould1 one part sharp sand4 ,the variation of different growers simply proves what ,i have seen contended1 that it is the proper temperature and moisture that really count4 ,the city girl1 with little space to spare1 will find the begonias1 in their many varieties1 most satisfactory4 ,they respond quickly to house treatment1 and a small plant from the florist's will grow so rapidly as to soon need repotting4 ,these favorites are of a large family1 and some will stand considerable shade4 ,a large1 lovely specimen now about three years old1 in my own home has developed from a little thing costing fifteen cents4 ,get cultural directions for the kind you buy1 as they differ4 ,a couple of stalks broken from an old plant early in the season1 and stuck in a small pot1 if kept thoroughly damp1 will soon root1 and blossom in a very little while4 ,fuchsias are another old favorite easily grown from cuttings1 and thriving well in a window4 ,primroses are easily grown from seed1 and when started in ,february or ,march1 should begin blooming in ,november and under careful treatment1 last through the winter4 ,the crab cactus or ,christmas cactus1 as ,i have heard it called1 is one of the most easily grown houseplants1 and sends out bright red flowers at the ends of the joints1 making an attractive plant for the holidays4 ,of the ferns1 ,i have found several varieties exceptionally satisfactory4 ,a little ,boston1 costing only twenty-five cents when bought for a small table decoration four or five years ago1 and changed from one pot to another as growth demanded1 today is five feet in diameter1--and the despair of the family on account of the room it requires4 ,it has always stood near either an east or a west window during the winter1 in a furnace-heated1 gas-lighted house1 and been moved to a north porch during the summer4 ,this type needs considerable moisture1 and does best when watered every day4 ,i have even seen it growing in a large basket placed in a pan of water4 ,the leaves of this group must be kept clean1 and ,i wash mine occasionally with a small cloth and warm water1 using a little soap and then rinsing1 if ,i discover any trace of scale1--that little hard-shelled1 brown pest often found on both stems and leaves4 ,both of the asparagus ferns1--the plumosus and the ,sprengeri1 ,i have grown from tiny pots until they became positively unwieldy1 by giving about the same kind of treatment4 ,none of these should be allowed to dry out1 as they then turn brown and wither4 ,the asparagus plumosus can be either pinched back to keep as a pot plant1 or encouraged to grow as a vine4 ,the asparagus ,sprengeri is especially valuable for boxes and baskets1 on account of its long1 drooping sprays1 and if allowed to develop naturally during the summer1 should be well covered with its lovely berries at ,christmas time4 ,the holly fern is especially beautiful1 while also quite hardy and--to its advantage--not so common as the varieties already mentioned4 ,several small specimens found planted at the base of a ,christmas poinsettia were afterwards set out in small pots1 and grew with surprising rapidity4 ,they stood the dry heat of a steam-heated house1 and kept a lovely glossy green when other plants were seriously affected4 ,fern dishes are frequently filled with the spider ferns1 though often combined with the others mentioned4 ,on a certain occasion1 when a neglected fern dish had to be discarded1 ,i discovered in the center a tiny plant still growing that looked so hardy ,i decided to repot it4 ,it grew and1 to my surprise1 soon developed into an attractive little kentia palm1 now three or four years old and eighteen inches high4 ,i think that one reason the ordinary fern dish does not last long is that it is kept on table or sideboard all the time1 too far away from the light4 ,often1 too1 it is not properly watered4 ,if every morning after breakfast it were sprinkled in the sink1 and then set near a window1 though not in the sun1 it would soon be getting too big for its quarters1 and need dividing4 ,it is well to remember that the container is shallow and holds very little earth1 hence its roots are in danger of drying out4 ,all these ferns mentioned ,i have seen grown repeatedly1 under varying conditions1 in a furnace-heated house as well as a steam-heated apartment2 and with a reasonable amount of light1 and water enough to keep them thoroughly moist1 ,i have had them green and beautiful the year around4 ,palms and the popular foliage plants can be grown satisfactorily with little or no sunlight4 ,the kentia palm before mentioned is one of the very hardiest1 and will thrive where few others will grow4 ,both the cocoanut and date varieties can be easily grown from seed1--an interesting experiment4 ,none of them require any particular treatment4 ,a place by a north or east window will suit them perfectly2 they will stand a temperature of forty-five degrees at night2 but they do require plenty of water1 and cleanliness of leaf4 ,water them as the earth becomes dry1 but do not leave standing in half-filled jardinieres1 7as people often do17 as much soaking spoils the soil4 ,a good plan for plants of this class is to set them in a pail of warm water and leave for a few hours or over night1 about once a week1 and then when they become dry in between times1 pour water enough around the roots to wet thoroughly4 ,the rubber plant grows quickly compared with the palm1 and requires very little attention4 ,it does best in good soil1 and thrives on being set in a half shady place outdoors during the summer4 ,one that ,i have watched for four years has stood during the winter near a west window1 only a few feet from a steam radiator4 ,it would get quite dry at times1 but never seemed to be affected at all4 ,when a plant gets too tall for a room1 and looks ungainly1 make a slanting cut in the stem at the height desired1 slip in a small wedge1 and wrap the place with wet sphagnum moss1 which must be then kept wet for several weeks4 ,when you find a lot of new roots coming through this wrapping1 cut off just below the mass and plant the whole ball in a pot with good soil4 ,keep in a shady place for a few days1 and in a short time you will have two nice1 well-shaped plants instead of the single straggly one4 ,a group of three long1 slender-leaved plants are the next of those easily grown for their foliage4 ,the hardiest is the aspidistra1 with its drooping dark green leaves1 each coming directly from the root stalk1 and it will stand almost any kind of treatment4 ,from one plant costing a dollar and a half five years ago1 ,i now have two that are larger than the original and have given away enough for five more4 ,it has an interesting flower1 too1--a wine-colored1 yellow-centered1 star-shaped blossom that pushes up through the earth just enough to open1 and which often is hidden by the mud of excessive watering4 ,the pandanus produces long1 narrow leaves from one center stem1 and can be bought in plain green1 green and white or green and yellow4 ,it needs good drainage1 but takes a rich soil and plenty of water4 ,it stands exceedingly well the dust1 dryness and shade of an ordinary living-room1 so is a valuable addition to any collection of houseplants4 ,it is easily multiplied by using the suckers as cuttings4 ,the dracaenas are quite similar to the pandanus1 only they are usually marked with a beautiful red4 ,they are equally suitable for living quarters1 and will thrive under the same conditions4 ,the umbrella plant requires an unusual amount of water1 and will grow nicely in a water garden4 ,its tall1 graceful umbrellas make it an especially attractive plant4 ,the ,norfolk ,island pine is another popular houseplant that asks only to be kept cool and moist4 ,beautifully symmetrical1 it fits especially well in certain places1 and will respond gratefully to even a reasonable amount of attention4 ,for a small plant1 the saxifraga ,i like very much1 with its beautifully marked leaves and the runners which make it so effective for a bracket or basket4 ,the inch plant1 or ,wandering ,jew1 as some people call it1 in both the green and the variegated1 looks and does well in wall pockets or when grown on a window sill in a fine1 thin glass4 ,smilax is also recommended for the window garden1 and will grow in quite shady places1 though it needs to be trained up4 ,all the ferns and green plants mentioned are likely to prove more satisfactory than the flowering ones to the amateur doomed to live in sunless rooms1--which1 however1 can be made most attractive with what is suitable4 ,,simple ,,indoor ,,novelties ,the prettiest kind of a little hanging basket is made by cutting off the top of a big carrot1 carefully scraping out the inside1 running a cord through holes made near the rim1 and keeping it full of water4 ,it will soon resemble a mass of ferns4 ,a lovely little water garden for the dining-room table is made by slicing a #c_/d-;in4 thick piece from the top of a beet and a carrot1 and laying them in a shallow dish or bowl1 with half an inch of water1--to not quite cover the slices4 ,set in the light for a few days and you will have soon a beautiful mass of feathery green and sword-like dark red foliage that will last for months4 ,grape fruit pips will sprout in a bit of soil very quickly1 and make a mass of attractive green often where ferns have failed to grow4 ,,winter ,,blooming ,,bulbs ,of all the bulbs for winter blooming1 the ,chinese lily is one of the most satisfactory1 as it flowers in a few weeks1 and is grown in a shallow bowl in water1 with pebbles to hold it in position4 ,it is best to set it in a dark place for a week or two until the roots start1 when it can be brought to a light window4 ,the paper white narcissus and the ,roman hyacinth can also be grown in water1 or placed in soil if preferred4 ,they will blossom in about eight weeks4 ,the other ,dutch bulbs will take longer1 although the hyacinths are easily grown in water by setting each bulb in a hyacinth glass or an open-mouth pickle bottle1 with water enough to just touch the bottom of the bulb1 and then putting away in a cold1 dark place 7like a cellar71 until the roots nearly touch the bottom of the glass4 ,a few pieces of charcoal help to keep the water sweet4 ,bring gradually to a light window1 and when flower buds are well started1 put in the sun4 ,by bringing out this way in the order of their best development1 flowers can be had for a long season4 ,the hyacinth bulbs can be bought from five cents to twenty-five cents apiece1 according to their fine breeding4 ,illustration3 ,,spring ,,beauties1--,,tulips1 ,,daffodils1 ,,crocuses1 ,,pussy ,,willows ,,and ,,forsythia1--,,blooming ,,indoors ,,against ,a ,,snowy ,,background ,tulips1 daffodils and hyacinths when grown in good soil in the shallow pans1 should be set deeply enough to be just covered1 quite closely together if wanted in a group1 thoroughly watered1 and then put in a cold1 dark place 7frost free1 however74 ,keep moist for from two to four mos4--when you can begin bringing them into the warm living-room as desired1 and place in the sunlight after buds form4 ,with this method is secured a succession of bloom from ,january until the spring flowers come out-of-doors4 ,the freesia and the oxalis are of the ,cape group of bulbs1 and when started in the fall should blossom in four or five months4 ,plant in good1 rich soil 7half a dozen to a #e-;in4 pot71 set away in a cool but light place1 and leave until some leaf growth has started4 ,then bring into a light1 warm room as desired for different periods of bloom4 ,the amaryllis is another foreign bulb that comes into market in the late fall4 ,pot it in rich soil1 rather sandy1 do not cover the top of the bulb1 and keep rather dry until it gets a good start4 ,when buds are noticed1 put the plant where it will get the sunlight1 and water regularly4 ,,spring ,,beauties ,as ,i look up from my work1 my eyes rest on the different spring bulbs blooming this #bhth day of ,february1 in my south window1 against their snowy background1--purple crocus1 both red and white tulips1 and that loveliest of daffodils1 the white-tipped ,queen ,victoria4 ,they were potted last ,october1 covered up in an ash-lined trench outdoors until after the holidays1 then carried into a cold but light attic for a week1 before finally being brought into a warm room4 ,the daffodils cost but three cents apiece1 yet each fills an ordinary pot1 and produces three lovely blossoms1 four inches across4 ,a new fibre is now on the market at a very low price that can be used exactly like earth1 only it does not sour1 and consequently can be put in any fine bowl or jar1 as it does not need drainage4 ,once thoroughly wet1 it has only to be kept moist and the plants do as well as in soil4 ,i1 personally1 prefer to plant in soil4 ,the family living in an apartment with no cold place to start the bulbs that take so long1 could easily fix a box or egg-crate under the coldest window and darken it with a small rug1 hiding there for a few weeks the ,roman hyacinths and narcissi4 ,,books ,,for ,,the ,,indoor ,,gardener ,however successful you are with your window gardening1 you are sure to enjoy knowing what other people have learned and written on the subject1 and a number of simple1 interesting books are available4 ,your librarian will be glad to point out the best she has to offer1 and there are several you may want to own4 ,manual of ,gardening1 by ,l4 ,h4 ,bailey1 formerly ,dean of the ,agricultural ,college at ,cornell ,university1 is one of the most comprehensive1 covering every phase of gardening1 summer and winter1 indoors and out2 ,the ,flower ,garden1 by ,ida ,d4 ,bennett1 devotes considerable space to house plants1 window gardens1 hot beds1 etc42 ,green ,house and ,window ,plants1 by ,chas4 ,collins1 is a little book by an ,english authority1 and goes quite fully into soils1 methods of propagating1 management of green houses1 and also the growing of house plants2 ,practical ,horticulture1 by our own ,peter ,henderson1 while especially valuable to the large commercial grower1 contains much interesting information for the amateur2 ,house ,plants and ,how to ,grow ,them1 by ,p4 ,t4 ,barnes1 however1 is one of the simplest and best1 and sure to suit the busy school-girl1 in a hurry to find out the proper way to make her particular pet plant do its very best4 ,and just as surely as she would not attempt to make a new kind of cake without a reliable recipe1 just so surely ought she not to expect to grow flowers successfully without finding out first how it should be done4 ,flowers1 like friends1 have to be cultivated1 and consideration of their needs produces similar delightful results4 ,,chapter ,,xv ,gifts that will ,please a ,flower ,lover ,you may break1 you may shatter the vase if you will1 ,but the scent of the roses will hang round it still4 --,moore4 ,,christmas giving to the flower lover is a matter of delight1 for if you stop to think you will know what the recipient will be sure to appreciate4 ,cut flowers always afford joy1 from an inexpensive bunch of carnations to the choicest ,american ,beauties4 ,the ,christmas blooming plants1 however1 last much longer1 and the rich scarlet berries of the ardesia will survive the holiday season by several months4 ,poinsettia has been steadily increasing in popularity1 and can be surrounded by ferns that will live on indefinitely4 ,all the decorative foliage plants are sure to be welcomed1 for with care they will last for years1 and improve in size and beauty4 ,the growing fad for winter-blooming bulbs affords another opportunity for pleasing4 ,if you did not start in time to grow to flower yourself1 give your friend one of the new flat lily bowls1 procurable from fifty cents up1 and with it a collection of bulbs for succession of bloom4 ,these may be started in any kind of dishes with pebbles and water1 set in a cool1 dark place until the roots start1 and then brought out to the light as desired4 ,with narcissi at three cents each1 ,chinese lilies at ten cents1 and fine hyacinths up to twenty cents1 for named varieties1 a dollar's worth will keep her in flowers for the rest of the winter4 ,pretty little stem holders1 made in pottery leaves1 mushrooms1 frogs1 etc41 cost only from forty cents to fifty cents1 and will be nice to use in the bowl afterward1 for holding any kind of cut flowers4 ,we are adopting more and more the ,japanese method of displaying a few choice specimens artistically1 and assuredly this way they do show up to better advantage4 ,many new vases are displayed for the purpose4 ,a charming ,japanese yellow glaze1 ten in4 high1 with a brown wicker cover1 ,i saw for only a dollar and a quarter1 while the graceful ,japanese yellow plum blossom shown with it at thirty-five cents a spray1 was a delight to the eye4 ,a slender ground glass vase in a plated cut silver holder was only twenty-five cents1 while the ,sheffield plate bud vase was but fifty cents4 ,these could be duplicated in cut glass and sterling silver at almost any price one wished to pay4 ,venetian glass is quite fashionable1 and can be had in all colors--red1 blue1 green1 yellow and black1 and while expensive1 has been imitated in domestic ware at reasonable prices4 ,some of the new pottery bowls come in unusual shapes1 in white1 gray1 green1 blue1 and many are small enough for a single bulb4 ,a lover of the narcissus myself1 ,i am delighted with the idea of bringing out my paper whites one at a time1 so as to keep a lovely gray-green piece in use all winter4 ,one of my friends1 on the other hand1 is growing hers in groups of half-a-dozen1 the warm brown of the bulbs harmonizing most artistically with her delicately colored stones in a brown wicker-covered ,japanese glazed dish4 ,this brown ,japanese wicker1 by the way1 is most decorative1 and can be found in various kinds of baskets1 metal-lined1 for cut flowers or plants of that grow in water1--some as low as ten cents apiece4 ,a tall-handled basket of this kind is now standing on my buffet1 beautiful with the varigated trailing sprays of the ,wandering ,jew4 ,one could not ask for a more satisfying arrangement4 ,enamelled tinware1 hand-painted1 is new1 too1 and comes in many pottery shapes1 though strange to say1 often at higher prices4 ,hand-painted china butterflies1 bees and birds1 at from twenty-five cents to fifty cents1 are among this year's novelties1 and look very realistic when applied invisibly with a bit of putty to the edge of bowl or vase4 ,some of the birds are painted on wood1 life-sized1 and mounted on long sticks1 to be stuck in among growing plants or on the tiny trellises used for indoor climbers4 ,many novelties in growing things can be found at the florist's--from the cheapest up to all you feel like paying4 ,a dainty new silver fern1 big enough for a small table1 comes in a thumb pot at only ten cents4 ,haworthia is cheap1 too1 and has the advantage of being uncommon4 ,more and more do we see of the dwarf ,japanese plants1 many quite inexpensive4 ,the ,japanese cut leaf maple1 for example1 can be bought for seventy-five cents4 ,all are hardy1 and suitable for small table decorations4 ,the new air plant1 or ,wonder of the ,orient 7really an autumn crocus71 surprises every one not acquainted with it1 as it flowers during the late fall and early winter1 without either soil or water1 as soon as put in the sunlight for a few days4 ,better still1 when through blooming1 it will live through the year if put in soil1 and store up enough energy to repeat the performance when taken out next season4 ,costing a dollar each when first introduced here1 it can now be bought as low as ten cents a bulb4 ,japanese fern balls1 black and unpromising as they look when purchased1 respond to plenty of light1 heat and water by sending out the daintiest kind of feathery ferns in a few weeks1 and will last for several years4 ,they cost only thirty-five cents1 too4 ,quaint1 square pottery jars1 suspended in pairs by a cord over a little wheel1 like buckets on a well rope1 make unusual hanging baskets and can be filled with your favorite vines and flowers4 ,garden tools are always acceptable as the old ones wear out or get lost1 and you can choose from the three-prong pot claw at a nickel up to the fully equipped basket at several dollars4 ,handwoven cutting baskets1 mounted on sharp sticks for sticking in the ground when you are cutting your posies1 cost two dollars and a half1 but will last for years4 ,small hand-painted1 long-spouted watering cans1 for window sprinkling1 cost less than a dollar and look pretty when not in use4 ,and for the person with only a window garden1 the self-watering1 metal-lined window boxes1 that preclude dripping on the floor1 will be a boon indeed4 ,goldfish are pretty sure to please1 for your flower lover is also the nature lover4 ,even the tiniest bowl is attractive1 and one ,i saw recently had been in the house over two winters4 ,the globe1 however1 does not meet our modern ideas for the reason that the curved glass reduces the area of water exposed to the air1 so is bad for the fish4 ,the new all-glass aquariums can be bought in either the square or cylindrical shapes1 from a dollar and a quarter up1 according to size and quality1 while the golden inmates can be found from five cents1 for the child's pet up to the fancier's ,japanese prize-winner at one thousand dollars4 ,your aquarium will require no change of water1 either1 if properly balanced4 ,put in for the fishes' needs such oxygen-producing plants as milfoil1 7,millefolium17 fish grass1 7,cabomba17 common arrow head1 7,sagittaria natans17 and mud plant1 plantain1 7,heteranthera ,reniformis17 the first and third being especially good together4 ,these in turn will thrive on the carbonic acid gas the fish exhale1 so that one supports the other4 ,a snail or two 7the ,japanese red1 at twenty-five cents1 preferred for looks17 and a newt will act as scavengers1 and keep the water clear as crystal4 ,for food1 put in a small quantity of meat once a week1 as the commercial fish food eventually causes tuberculosis4 ,birds1 too1 are generally popular with flower lovers4 ,canaries probably are the stand-bys1 though in the cities the uncommon little beauties often are preferred4 ,polly1 however1 holds her own1 and with many people is the favorite4 ,books1--always a safe and inexpensive gift1--are obtainable for the flower lover1 in the most fascinating editions4 ,they cover all phases of the subject1 indoors and out1 from the window garden to the vast estate1 the amateur to the professional grower4 ,and no true gardener could sit down by a blazing log on a blizzardy night1 with ,helena ,rutherford ,ely's ,the ,practical ,flower ,garden1 or ,l4 ,b4 ,holland's ,the ,garden ,blue ,book1 filled with wonderful photographs and colored plates1 without quickly becoming lost to the storm outside1 and conscious only of sun-kissed lawns with blossoms nodding in the breeze4 ,heaven8 ,your friend will already be in imagination's ,paradise1 with an increasing sense of gratitude over your thoughtful selection4 ,,chapter ,,xvi ,the ,gentlewoman's ,art--,arranging ,flowers ,in ,eastern lands they talk in flowers1 ,and they tell in a garland their loves and cares2 ,each blossom that blooms in their garden bowers1 ,on its leaves a mystic language bears4 --,percival4 ,,the above is almost literally true6 ,you may be surprised to know that the arranging of flowers has not only long been considered an art1 but that for centuries it has been closely connected with the whole life of a nation4 ,away back in #adjj1 a certain ruler of ,japan became so interested in this fascinating subject that he resigned his throne in order to study that and the other fine arts6 ,one of his friends1--a great painter1--worked out the scientific rules which are still generally accepted1 and the study became the pastime of cultured people4 ,moreover1 ,japan's greatest military men have always practised the art1 claiming that it calmed their minds so that they could make clearer decisions on going into battle6 ,illustration3 ,,blossoms ,,in ,,japanese ,,arrangement ,briefly put1 the ,japanese ideas are as follows3 ,first1 to use very few flowers 7preferably three1 five1 or seven1 with their foliage71 and but one kind together4 ,then to arrange these so that the three main blossoms form a triangle1--the highest point of which they usually call ,heaven1 the middle point ,man1 and the lowest point ,earth4 ,if five or seven flowers are used1 the others are the unimportant ones1 and used as attributes1 placed near the important points4 ,and as many of their favorite flowers1 like the iris and the chrysanthemum1 have quite straight stems1 people have to learn how to bend them without breaking4 ,each flower is studied1 selected for its place in this triangle1 and then1 oh6 so very delicately1 shaped to the desired line4 ,and then as so few flowers would be apt to slip around1 they skilfully hold them in place by means of slender sticks1 cut the exact size1 split at one end1 and then sprung into place across the vase or bowl4 ,if the stems curve to one side1 it is called the male style1 if to the other1 the female style2 the arrangement must look not like cut flowers1 but like the living plant1 and suggest the growth by the use of buds1 open flowers and withered leaves4 ,good and evil luck are connected with the placing1 as well as with the colors and the numbers chosen1--even numbers and red being ill-omened4 ,certain arrangements also suggest the seasons1 one style1 for instance1 representing spring and another autumn4 ,while we today are not interested in ,japanese symbolism1 we1 many of us1 are quite interested in ,japanese methods on account of their artistic effects4 ,many books have been written by the ,japanese on their favorite subject1--some as far back as the ,thirteenth ,century6 ,of course you never could read them even if you could find them here2 but a ,western woman spent a long time over there1 studying under the guidance of their priests1 and recently wrote a book 7,japanese ,flower ,arrangement1 by ,mary ,averill17 which explains everything and is full of illustrations1 so that you can see for yourself the results of following the ,japanese way4 ,her most interesting message for you may be one method they have of making their flowers last4 ,during moderate weather it can be done in this country by simply holding the stems of the flowers in a gas or candle flame until black and charred1 and then putting the flowers in very cold water for seven or eight hours4 ,another book1 with a lot of beautiful pictures showing us how to arrange flowers to please better1 perhaps1 our ,american taste1 is ,the ,flower ,beautiful1 by ,clarence ,moores ,weed4 ,it illustrates most of our own familiar flowers1 in all kinds of artistic holders1 and is sure to give us new ideas about arranging them so as to enable us to bring out their full loveliness4 ,both of these books should be found in any good ,public ,library1 and in looking them over1 you will have a treat4 ,a prominent ,new ,york florist1 in showing our ,garden ,club his methods of arranging flowers1 advised 7for one thing7 filling a low bowl with broken twigs or branches1 to hold the stems and keep the flowers in position without crowding4 ,breaking up a few ferns to illustrate2 he dropped them in a cut glass dish1 and then stuck in a dozen stalks of pale pink primroses4 ,the result was an inexpensive table decoration as beautiful as any costly display of roses4 ,personally1 ,i did not approve of his ferns1 as they would very quickly decay in the water3 but as a child ,i had learned from my grandmother his better idea of half-filling the dish with clean sand4 ,it holds the stems exactly as placed1 and can be entirely hidden by the foliage4 ,roses1 the gentleman also told us1 draw up water above the surface only one-half the length of the stem in the water1 and consequently should not extend more than that height above the water1--else the forcing power 7as it is called7 will not carry it far enough to sustain the flowers at the end of the stems4 7,this may account for my own success in keeping roses often for a week1 for ,i usually take them out of the water1 lay them in a wet box or paper1 and place them flat in the ice-box over night so the water in the stems can flow to the extreme end47 ,he also said they should never be crowded together1 but rather be separated as the primroses were4 ,both the leaves and the thorns under water should be removed1 as the leaves quickly foul the water1 and the breaking off of the thorns opens new channels for nourishment to reach the flowers4 ,the flat ,japanese bowls so popular the past few years1 are not only artistic1 but good for the flowers1 which in them are not crowded1 and so can get their needed oxygen4 ,they can be held in place by the transparent glass holders if one objects 7as the florist did17 to the perforated frogs1 turtles1 mushrooms1 etc41 now to be bought wherever vases and other flower holders are sold4 ,any one who has tried to arrange even half a dozen blooms in this simple way will never go back to the crude1 old-fashioned mixed bouquet6 ,on the tables of the fine restaurants in ,new ,york ,city one most often sees only a simple1 clear glass vase1 with perhaps only two or three flowers2 but they can be enjoyed for their full beauty4 ,the secret of the whole subject is simplicity6--and you never know what you can do until you try4 ,at our last ,garden ,show ,i had expected to make a well-studied arrangement of wild flowers for that class of table decorations1 but did not have the time4 ,at the last moment ,i took an odd little glass basket1 filled it with damp sand1 and stuck it full of cornflowers1 7what you might call ragged robins or bachelor buttons1 and which ,i grow to go with my blue china17 so that the holder was nearly hidden4 ,on seeing it in place1 on the show table1 ,i frankly confess ,i was quite ashamed of my effort1 it looked so very modest3 and you can imagine my great surprise when ,i discovered later that it was decorated with a coveted ribbon6 ,there is one way1 however1 in which the mixed bouquet can be put together so as to look its best1 and our florist-guest demonstrated it4 ,on coming to the close of his remarks he began picking up the flowers he had been using in his various arrangements with his right hand and placing in his left1--paying no attention whatever to what he took1 nor even looking at what he was already holding4 ,rose1 daisy1 jonquil1 primrose1 everything1 just as he chanced to find it at hand1 went together4 ,but1--and here was the secret of the successful result--he grasped them all at the extreme lower end of their stems1 whether long or short1 so that the bouquet on being completed had that beautiful irregular outline as well as the mixed color that ,mother ,nature herself offers us in the garden6 ,so if you ever have to put a quantity of mixed flowers together1 remember to do it this way4 ,and now a last word about flower growing4 ,don't you know that old adage1 ending try1 try again8 ,when you think of the great ,burbank1 growing thousands upon thousands of a single kind of plant or flower in order to develop one to perfection1 you can have patience in spite of pests and weather4 ,i hope you will have quantities of the loveliest blossoms1 and for the happiest occasions of life4 ,may you realize all your fondest expectations4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcriber's ,notes3 ,obvious punctuation errors repaired4 ,this text prefers varigated 7three times7 to variegated 7once74 ,this was retained4 ,preface1 nutritous changed to nutritious 7well as nutritious7 ,table of ,contents1 ,flower-beds changed to ,flower ,beds to match usage in text 7the ,flower ,beds7 ,page #ai1 smallcaps added to first word of chapter to match rest of text4 ,page #ce1 in the ,good for column for ,hollyhock the word or was repeated4 ,the original read ,back of border or or clumps ,page #dj1 ,paeonia changed to ,paeonia 7,paeonia officinalis7