,,h[ ,,to ,,produce ,,amateur ,,plays ,illu/ration3 ,,sett+ ,,= ,a ,,poetic ,,drama4 ,,by ,,sam ,,hume4 7,c\rtesy ( ! arti/74 ,,h[ ,,to ,,produce ,,amateur ,,plays ,a ,practical ,manual ,,by ,,b>rett ,h4 ,,cl>k ,,new ,,& ,,revis$ ,,edition ,illu/ration ,,bo/on ,,little1 ,,br[n1 ,,& ,,company #aibc ,copyright1 #aiag1 #aibb1 ,,by ,,little1 ,,br[n1 ,,& ,,company4 ,all rights res]v$ ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,( ,,am]ica ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,revis$ ,,edition ,?is book aims to supply ! dem& = a simple guide to ! production ( plays by amateurs4 ,dur+ ! pa/ decade a numb] ( books deal+ ) ! subject h be5 publi%$1 b ^! are conc]n$ ei!r ) !oretical & educational1 or else ) limit$ &1 f ! practical viewpo9t1 uness5tial aspects ( ! "q4 ,9 ! pres5t manual ! au?or has attempt$ an altoge!r practical "w1 :i* may be us$ by ^? :o h little or no k ( produc+ plays4 ,! book is n altoge!r limit$ 9 its appeal m]ely to produc]s2 actors !mselves & o!rs hav+ to d ) amateur produc+ w f9d x helpful4 ,! au?or has add$ a numb] ( sugge/ions on a matt] :i* is rapidly becom+ ( prime importance3 ! con/ruction ( /ages & sett+1 & ! manipulation ( light+4 ,x is always well to be> 9 m9d t no art c be taught by means ( books4 ,! *ief purpose ( ?is volume is to lay d[n ! elem5ts & outl9e ! te*nique ( amateur produc+4 ,a c>eful /udy ( x w enable ! amateur /age manag] to d mu* = himself :i* has h]et(ore be5 ei!r impossible or att5d$ ) dire difficulty4 ,! plan ( ! book is simple3 ea* "q & problem is treat$ 9 its natural ord]1 f ! mom5t an organization decides to give a play1 until ! curta9 drops on ! la/ p]=mance ( x4 ,?is new edition ( ,h[ to ,produce ,amateur ,plays has be5 revis$ ?r\gh\t1 & ! li/ ( plays 9 ,*apt] ,x completely re-writt5 & br\ght up to date4 ,! au?or ackn[l$ges 8 indebt$ness = sugge/ions & help1 z well z = p]mission to reproduce diagrams1 photographs1 & passages f plays1 to ,mr4 ,t4 ,r4 ,edw>ds1 ,mr4 ,hiram ,kelly ,mod]well1 ,mr4 ,l4 ,r4 ,lewis1 ,mr4 ,clayton ,hamilton1 ,miss ,grace ,griswold1 ,miss ,edi? ,wynne ,mat?ison1 ,mr4 ,maurice ,br[ne1 ,miss ,ida ,treat1 ,mr4 ,sam ,hume1 ,john ,lane ,company1 ,samuel ,fr5*1 ,br5tano's1 & ,h5ry ,holt & ,company4 ,,m>*1 #aibb ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,,preface v ,i ,,*oos+ ,,! ,,play #a ,,ii ,,organization #h ,,iii ,,*oos+ ,,! ,,ca/ #ah ,,iv ,,rehe>s+ ,i #bb ,v ,,rehe>s+ ,,ii #dh ,,vi ,,rehe>s+ ,,iii #gc ,,vii ,,! ,,/age #gf ,,viii ,,light+ #hf ,,ix ,,sc5]y ,,& ,,co/umes #ia ,x ,,selective ,,li/s ,,( ,,amateur ,,plays #aaj ,,app5dices ,i ,,copyright ,,& ,,royalty #abg ,,ii ,a ,,note ,,on ,,make-,,up #acj ,,index #aci ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,sett+ ,,= ,a ,,poetic ,,drama1 ,,by ,,sam ,,hume ,frontispiece ,,page ,,! ,,grotesques1 ,,by ,,cloyd ,,head4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,! ,,little ,,!at]1 ,,*icago #h ,,! ,,trojan ,,wom5 ,,( ,,euripides4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,! ,,little ,,!at]1 ,,*icago #ah ,,capta9 ,,brassb\nd',s ,,conv]sion1 ,,by ,,%aw4 ,,set ,,( ,,act ,i1 ,,z ,,produc$ ,,by ,,! ,,neighborhood ,,playh\se1 ,,new ,,york #bb ,,set ,,= ,,musset',s ,,:ims4 ,,produc$ ,,by ,,! ,,wa%+ton ,,squ>e ,,play]s #dh ,,si/] ,,beatrice ,,( ,,maet]l9ck4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,! ,,we/]n ,,res]ve ,,college ,,= ,,wom5 #gd ,,two ,,views ,,( ,,! ,,/age ,,at ,,tufts ,,college1 ,,%[+ ,,pl5ty ,,( ,,op5 ,,space ,,= ,,! ,,/or+ ,,& ,,%ift+ ,,( ,,sc5]y #gf ,,an ,,ord9>y ,,box-,,set4 ,,f ,,dumas ,,fils' ,,! ,,money ,,"q4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,tufts ,,college #hj ,,sc5es ,,f ,,euripides' ,,electra4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,ill9ois ,,/ate ,,college #ij ,,two ,,views ,,( ,,! ,,/age ,,at ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,nor? ,,dakota #ajf ,,h[ ,,to ,,produce ,,amateur ,,plays ,,*apt] ,i ,,*oos+ ,,! ,,play ,! fir/ important "q aris+ aft] ! decision to give a play1 is ,:at play8 ,only too (t5 is ?is "q answ]$ 9 a haphaz>d way4 ,( rec5t ye>s a l>ge numb] ( guides to select+ plays h made _! appe>ance1 mo/ ( :i* are incomplete & o!rwise unsatisfactory4 ,! l>ge li/s issu$ by play publi%]s are bewild]+4 ,t[>d ! end ( ! pres5t volume is a selective li/ ( plays1 all ( :i* are1 9 "o way or ano!r1 wor? :ile2 b z conditions diff] s widely1 x is practically impossible to d o!rwise ?an m]ely indicate 9 a g5]al way :at sort ( play is sugge/$4 ,ea* play consid]$ by any organization %\ld be read by ! director or ev5 ! :ole club or ca/1 aft] ! requisite conditions h be5 consid]$4 ,^! conditions usually are3 #a4 ,size ( ! ,ca/4 ,?is is obvi\sly a simple matt]3 a ca/ ( t5 _c play ,%akespe>e4 #b4 ,ability ( ! ,ca/4 ,?is is a little m difficult4 ,:ile x is a laudable ambition to produce ,ibs51 let u say1 no high-s*ool /ud5ts are suffici5tly mature or skill$ to produce ,a ,doll's ,h\se4 ,z a rule1 ! well-kn[n classics--,%akespe>e1 ,moli]e1 ,goldoni1 ,%]idan1 ,goldsmi?--suff] mu* less f inadequate act+ & production ?an d mod]n dramati/s4 ,! op9ion ( an exp]t1 or at lea/ ( "s "o :o has _h exp]i5ce 9 coa*+ amateur plays1 %\ld be s\ght & act$ ^u4 ,if1 = example1 ,z ,y ,l ,x is "u consid]ation1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ! role ( ,rosal9d requires delicate & subtle act+1 & if no suitable woman c be f\nd = t "p1 a simpl] play1 l ,! ,com$y ( ,errors1 _h mu* bett] be sub/itut$4 ,mod]n plays are on ! :ole m difficult3 ! portrayal ( a mod]n "* calls = great] v>iety1 maturity1 & skill ?an ! av]age amateur possesses4 ,! *>act]s 9 ,moli]e's ,le ,b\rgeois ,g5tilhomme 7,! ,m]*ant ,g5tleman71 ,%akespe>e's ,! ,com$y ( ,errors1 ,%]idan's ,! ,rivals1 are m or less well-kn[n types1 & act+ ( a conv5tional & imitative k9d is bett] suit$ to !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 only ! be/-tra9$ amateurs are able to imp>t ! ne$ful appe>ance ( life & actuality to a play l ,h5ry ,ar?ur ,jones's ,! ,li>s4 ,/ill1 !re are _m mod]n plays--among !m1 ,%aw's ,y ,nev] ,c ,tell & ,wilde's ,! ,importance ( ,be+ ,e>ne/--9 :i* no great subtlety ( *>act]ization is call$ =4 ,^! c be produc$ z easily by amateurs z c ,%akespe>e & ,%]idan4 #c4 ,! ,k9d ( ,play to be pres5t$ usually raises _m que/ions :i* are entirely )\t ! scope ( purely dramatic consid]ations4 ,9 ?is c\ntry especially1 !re is a /udi$ avoidance among s*ools & (t5 among colleges & univ]sities1 ( s-call$ unpleasant plays4 ,)\t ent]+ into ! reasons = ?is av]sion1 x is r =tunate1 because z a g5]al rule1 !sis1 sex1 & problem plays are full ( pitfalls = amateur actors & produc]s4 ,:ile x is a spl5did ?+ to believe no play too good = amateurs1 "s mod]ation is necess>y :]e a play "u consid]ation is obvi\sly beyond ! ability ( a ca/3 ,hamlet ought nev] to be attempt$ by amateurs1 nor su* subtle & o!rwise difficult plays z ,man & ,sup]man4 ,plays ( ! highe/ m]it c be f\nd :i* are n s tax+ z ^!4 ,!re is no reason :y ,sophocles' ,electra1 ,euripides' ,alce/is1 or ! com$ies ( ,lope de ,vega1 ,goldoni1 ,moli]e1 ,kotzebue1 ,less+1 n to m5tion ! bett]-kn[n ,engli% classics1 %\ld n be p]=m$ by amateurs4 ,x goes )\t say+ t ! facile1 tra%y1 popul> com$ies ( ! pa/ two or ?ree g5]ations are to be avoid$ by amateurs :o take _! "w s]i\sly4 ,?is does n mean t all f>ces & com$ies %\ld be left out ( ! rep]tory3 ,! ,magi/rate & ,! ,importance ( ,be+ ,e>ne/ are among ! f9e/ f>ces 9 ! language4 ,! po9t to be impress$ is t x is bett] to attempt a play :i* may be m difficult to p]=m ?an ,*>ley's ,aunt1 ?an to give a good p]=mance ( t (t-act$ & decid$ly hackney$ piece4 ,x is mu* m m]itori\s to produce a good play poorly1 if ne$ be1 ?an a poor play well4 ,if1 aft] hav+ consult$ ! li/ 9 ?is volume & simil> o!r li/s1 ! club is /ill unable to decide on a suitable mod]n play1 ! be/ c\rse is to return to ! classics4 ,x is likely t ! plays t h pleas$ audi5ces = c5turies w please u4 ,ari/ophanes' ,! ,cl\ds & ,lysi/rata1 ) a few necess>y cuts2 ,plautus' ,! ,tw9s & ,t]5ce's ,phormio2 ,goldoni's ,! ,fan2 ,%akespe>e's ,com$y ( ,errors & half a doz5 o!r com$ies2 ,moli]e's ,m]*ant ,g5tleman & ,doctor 9 ,spite ( ,himself2 ,%]idan's ,! ,rivals & ,goldsmi?'s ,%e ,/oops to ,conqu]2 ,less+'s ,m9na von ,b>nhelm--almo/ any "o ( ^! is safe4 ,a classic c nev] be se5 too (t5 &1 s9ce true amateurs are ^? :o play = ! joy ( play+1 !y w receive ample recomp5se = _! ef=ts 9 ! ?\ght t !y h at lea/ add$ _! mite to ! sum total ( true enjoym5t 9 ! !at]4 ,ano!r argum5t 9 favor ( ! p]=mance ( ! classics is t !y are r>ely produc$ by pr(essionals4 ,if an amateur club revives a classic1 especially "o :i* is n (t5 se5 n[adays1 x may well be pr\d ( its ef=ts4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! club insi/s on giv+ a mod]n play1 x w h little difficulty 9 f9d+ suitable mat]ial4 ,x is well n to *all5ge comp>ison ) pr(essional productions by *oos+ plays :i* h _h pr(essional runs ( late2 try r to select 7#a7 good mod]n plays :i* by reason ( _! subject matt]1 =m1 etc41 _c "u pres5t conditions be comm]cially successful 7l ,granville ,b>k]'s ,! ,m>ry+ ( ,ann ,leete72 7#b7 translations ( contempor>y =eign plays :i* are n well kn[n ei!r to ,am]ican read]s or produc]s2 &1 f9ally 7#c7 orig9al plays4 ,"h x is difficult to advise4 ,x _c be hop$ t an amateur club w discov] _m ma/]pieces among orig9al plays submitt$ to x1 b if any ( ! works consid]$ has ev5 a t\* ( orig9ality1 "s good *>act]ization1 any m>k$ te*nical skill2 9 a ^w1 if !re is some?+ int]e/+ or promis+1 !n x is wor? produc+4 ,d\btless _m beg9n]s are disc\rag$ f writ+ plays = lack ( exp]i5ce ga9$ by see+ _! "w /ag$2 = su*1 ! amateur club is ! only res\rce4 ,besides ^! p>ticul> consid]ations1 !re rema9 ! m9or b necess>y po9ts relat+ to rights & royalties4 ,a full /atem5t ( ! legal aspect ( ! case is to be f\nd 9 ! fir/ app5dix 9 ?is book4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,grotesques1 ,,by ,,cloyd ,,head4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,! ,,little ,,!at]1 ,,*icago ,a %all[ cyclorama4 ,! simple design =ms an effective backgr\nd = ! gr\p+ ( ! figures4 7,c\rtesy ( ,maurice ,br[ne74 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,organization ,a great _m m factors g into ! mak+ ( a successful dramatic production ?an may at fir/ be app>5t4 ,to organize a /aff ^: duty x is to furni% & equip a !at]1 hall1 or s*oolroom2 to arrange & effici5tly run rehe>sals2 to supply props1 co/umes1 & furniture2 to manage ! /age dur+ ! p]=mance--all ?is is next 9 importance to ! act+ itself4 ,( late ye>s especially x has be5 made cle> t ! art ( ! !at]1 al?\gh x is a collaboration ( ! bra9s & h&s ( _m p]sons1 mu/ be "u ! sup]vision ( "o dom9at+ & f>-see+ *ief4 ,t is to say1 "o p]son & "o alone mu/ be responsible = ! entire production4 ,except 9 r>e in/ances ?is head _c "k ( & att5d to ea* detail himself1 b x is 8 bus9ess to see t ! :ole organization is =m$ & manag$ accord+ to 8 wi%es4 ,! function ( ?is ideal manag] has be5 comp>$ ) t ( ! or*e/ral conductor3 x is he :o leads1 & he %\ld be ! fir/ to detect ! slighte/ discord4 ,:ile ! =ego+ rem>ks are m /rictly applicable to act+ & /ag+1 x w readily be se5 t if ! same lead] is n 9 t\* ) ! m practical side ( ! production1 !re is likely to arise t work+ at cross-purposes :i* has ru9$ _m an amateur z well z pr(essional production4 ,:ile a great deal ( ! actual "w mu/ be done by subord9ates1 x %\ld be cle>ly und]/ood t ! director has ! f9al ^w ( au?ority4 ,mu* 9 ! matt] ( organization dep5ds ^u ! numb] & ability & exp]i5ce ( ^? p]sons :o are available1 b ! sugge/ions ab\t to be made z to ! organization ( a /aff are bas$ ^u ! assumption t ! director is a capable p]son1 & 8 assi/ants at lea/ will+ to le>n f him4 ,z a rule1 he w h pl5ty ( mat]ial to "w )4 ,! ,director4 ,! produc]1 ! head "u ^: guidance ! entire "w ( rehe>s+ & organization %\ld lie1 is call$ ! director4 ,h[ev]1 s9ce ?is position is (t5 held by a hir$ coa* or by "s "o else :o _c be expect$ to att5d to mu* outside ! actual rehe>s+1 !re mu/ be elect$ or appo9t$ an (fic] :o is directly responsible4 ,?is (fic] is3 ,! ,/age ,manag]4 ,z ! director _c always be pres5t at e rehe>sal1 & z (t5times two p>ts ( ! play are rehe>s$ simultane\sly1 x is evid5t t ano!r director mu/ be ready to act 9 place ( ! head4 ,x is *iefly 8 duty to hold ! prompt-book & keep a c>eful record ( all /age bus9ess1 cuts1 etc4 ,at e rehe>sal he mu/ be ready to prompt1 ei!r l9es or bus9ess--action1 ge/ures1 crosses1 entrances1 exits1 & ! l--& call ! att5tion ( ! director to omissions or mi/akes ( e sort4 ,9 ! ev5t ( ! director's abs5ce1 he becomes ! pro tem4 director himself4 ,x is advisable--?\gh n always possible--to delegate ! duties ( prop]ty man1 lightman1 curta9 man1 co/ume man 7or w>drobe mi/ress7 to diff]5t p]sons2 b ev5 :5 ?is is done1 x is bett] = ! /age manag] to keep a record ( all prop]ty plots1 light plots1 furniture plots1 etc4 ,x is also ! /age manag]'s bus9ess to arrange ! "t & place ( rehe>sals1 & hold ea* actor responsible = att5dance4 ,on ! occasion ( ! dress rehe>sal & ( ! actual production1 x is ! /age manag]1 & n ! director1 :o sup]vises ev]y?+4 ,8 position is t ( comm&]-9-*ief4 ,he ei!r holds ! book1 or is at lea/ close by ! p]son :o actually foll[s ! l9es2 sees t ea* actor is ready = 8 entrance2 t ! curta9 rises & falls :5 x %\ld2 t 8 assi/ants are ea* 9 _! respective places2 & t ! entire p]=mance goes z x is int5d$ to g4 ,! ,bus9ess ,manag]4 ,?is p]son att5ds to su* matt]s z r5t+ ! !at]--or arrang+ "s place = ! p]=mance--pr9t+ & di/ribut+ tickets2 9 %ort1 ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! receipt & exp5diture ( money4 ,x is n ( c\rse imp]ative t he %\ld h mu* to d ) ! director2 ! only po9t to be borne 9 m9d be+ t e "o connect$ ) ! production ( a play %\ld be 9 t\* ) ^? 9 au?ority4 ,! bus9ess manag] ought to h at lea/ a prelim9>y conf]5ce ) ! director1 & report to him e week until a few days be=e ! p]=mance1 :5 he %\ld be )9 in/ant call 9 case ( em]g5cy4 ,! prop]ty1 light1 furniture1 & co/ume p mu/ naturally keep 9 close t\* ) him1 al?\gh no pur*ases %\ld be made )\t ! p]mission ( ! director1 :o 9 ?is case mu/ be at "o ) ! club or organization4 ,! ,prop]ty ,man4 ,! duties atta*+ to ?is position are def9itely & necess>ily limit$1 b ( great importance4 ,work+ "u ! /age manag]1 he supplies all ! objects--su* z revolv]s1 swords1 lett]s1 etc4--9 a ^w1 ev]y?+ actually us$ by ! actors1 & n fall+ "u ! categories ( sc5]y1 co/umes1 & furniture4 ,x w be f\nd necess>y 9 "s cases to add to ! /aff "o p]son ^: bus9ess x is to att5d to ! matt] ( furni%+s3 rugs1 hang+s1 pictures1 furniture1 & s =?2 b 9 case !re is no su* p]son1 ! prop]ty man att5ds to ^! details himself4 ,x _c be too /rongly urg$ t f ! v fir/ z _m props1 z mu* furniture or z _m set pieces z possible 7dep5d+ on :e!r ! set is an indoor or outdoor "o71 %\ld be us$ by ! actors4 ,9 ?is way !y w be bett] able to associate _! ?\ghts1 words1 & ge/ures ) ! mat]ial objects ) :i* !y w be surr\nd$ on ! fatal night4 ,if ?is is impracticable1 t is1 if mo/ ( ^! objects _c be secur$ f ! fir/1 !n at lea/ suitable sub/itutes %\ld be us$4 ,! pres5ce ( su* fundam5tally important articles z ! wall 9 ,ro/&'s ,! ,romanc]s1 & ! d5ti/'s *air 9 ,%aw's ,y ,nev] ,c ,tell1 :5 us$ f ! fir/ rehe>sals1 always m9imizes ! dang] ( confusion ( l9es or bus9ess at ! la/ mom5t4 ,! prop]ty man mu/ keep a li/ ( ev]y?+ requir$2 ?is %\ld be a duplicate ( t 9 ! possession ( ! /age manag]4 ,! ,lightman4 ,sometimes ev5 n[adays call$ ! ,gasman4 ,he is n indisp5sable1 because almo/ always ! regul> electrician att5ds to ! swit*bo>d4 ,h[ev]1 "s "o %\ld be ) ! electrician at ! dress rehe>sal & on ! ev5+ ( ! p]=mance to give him ! necess>y light cues4 ,usually1 h[ev]1 ! /age manag] :o holds ! prompt-book :]e all ! light cues are indicat$ c fulfill ?is function4 ,! ,co/ume ,man 7or ,w>drobe ,mi/ress1 z ! case may be74 ,aga9 ! duties are simple4 ,if ! play is a classic--,%akespe>e1 = in/ance1--! co/umes1 9 n9ety-n9e cases out ( a hundr$1 _h bett] be r5t$ f a regul> co/um]4 ,! co/ume man1 !n1 toge!r ) ! bus9ess manag]1 att5ds to ! details ( r5t+1 & sees t all co/umes are ready = ! dress rehe>sal4 ,if ! co/umes are made to ord]1 ! matt] is sup]vis$ by ! co/ume man4 ,b1 z ) ev]y?+ else connect$ ) ! be/ amateur ef=ts1 !re %\ld be "s exp]t advis]1 n s mu* "o v]s$ 9 hi/ory & ar*eology z an arti/ ) an eye = color & /yle4 ,! director 9 any ev5t mu/ be consult$1 s t lights1 sc5]y1 & co/umes may h>monize4 ,details z to co/umes are to be f\nd 9 _m books1 & ne$ n "h be discuss$4 ,9 spite ( a good deal t has be5 writt5 to ! contr>y1 hi/orical accuracy is n ( va/ importance3 s long z !re are no gl>+ ana*ronisms1 ,%akespe>e may be pres5t$ ) actors we>+ pre- or po/-,elizabe?an co/umes1 provid$ !y are beautiful1 & h>monize4 ,among ! ?\s& & "o m9or details ( produc+1 !re are "s :i* 9 l>ge productions might be assign$ to specially appo9t$ individuals1 b mo/ ( ! duties to be briefly enum]at$ bel[ may easily be giv5 ov] to ! /age manag]1 prop]ty man1 or co/ume man1 or ev5 to ! lightman4 ,h&l+ & ,sett+ ( ,sc5]y & ,furniture4 ,?is is usually tak5 c>e ( by ! prop]ty man & 8 assi/ants1 "u ! direction ( ! /age manag]4 ,z 9 e o!r bran* ( ! "w1 all details mu/ be plann$ be=eh&1 & record$4 ,music4 ,! music cues %\ld be m>k$ 9 ! /age manag]'s prompt-book4 ,incid5tal music1 :e!r x be on1 beh9d1 or (f-/age 9 ! or*e/ra pit1 ought to be rehe>s$ at lea/ two or ?ree times4 ,on ! occasion ( ! p]=mance1 ! /age manag] gives directions f 8 prompt-book = all music cues4 ,cr[ds or ,l>ge ,gr\ps4 ,! managem5t & rehe>s+ ( cr[ds or l>ge gr\ps is consid]$ "u ,rehe>s+ 7p4 #eh74 ,"h x w suffice to /ate t x is well to h an assi/ant ^: duty x is to see t ! supes sup]num]>ies are conduct$ on & (f ! /age at ! "r "t4 ,among ! fur!r details :i* mu/ be look$ aft] are ! duties :i* are sometimes left to ! /age manag]3 ! r++ ( bells1 call+ ( actors at ! regul> p]=mance1 etc4 ,a call boy may be delegat$ to d ?is4 ,und]/udies4 ,tr\ble is always likely to arise1 especially among amateurs1 because !re is no effective me?od ( hold+ ! actors to /rict acc\nt4 ,(t51 "o or m ( ! ca/ f9ds1 or ?9ks he f9ds1 good reason = leav+ x1 & a new actor mu/ sometimes be f\nd & tra9$ to fill ! vacancy on p]il\sly %ort notice4 ,sickness or indisposition inv>iably give rise to ! same problem4 ,if possible1 an entire second ca/ %\ld be tra9$1 s t any memb] ( x c\ld at a mom5t's notice be call$ ^u to play 9 ! fir/ ca/4 ,:ile ?is second company %\ld be lett]-p]fect & "k ! bus9ess 9 e detail1 x is n necess>y t _! act+ be s f9i%$ & detail$ z t ( ! o!rs4 ,und]/udy rehe>sals are "u ! direction ( ! /age manag]1 al?\gh ! director %\ld witness at lea/ two or ?ree4 ,s9ce ! p]=mance dep5ds almo/ :olly on ! k1 sympa?y1 & ta/e ( ! director1 ! greate/ c>e %\ld be tak5 9 *oos+ him4 ,ne$less to say1 ! ideal director does n exi/2 /ill1 8 attributes %\ld be con/antly borne 9 m9d4 ,if he lacks ! arti/'s s5se ( color1 rhy?m1 & proportion1 !n an art advis] mu/ be call$ 9 to sugge/ color s*emes z reg>ds co/umes1 sc5]y1 furniture1 & light+4 ,n[adays1 great att5tion is be+ paid to ^! matt]s1 & ! subtle effect ( backgr\nd & detail is mu* great] ?an is commonly suppos$4 ,! play is ( fir/ importance--t mu/ nev] be =gott5--b ^! o!r matt]s are too (t5 neglect$4 ,simil>ly ) co/umes1 music1 sc5]y1 x is nev] amiss to consult au?orities4 ,b once m be x repeat$1 ! :ole production %\ld be> ! impr9t ( ! director's p]sonality1 because only 9 ?is way c we hope = t ess5tial unity ( effect :i* is a basic pr9ciple ( all art4 ,coop]ation )1 b1 9 ! la/ analysis1 subs]vi5cy to1 ! director1 is ! keynote ( success4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,trojan ,,wom51 ,,( ,,euripides4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,! ,,little ,,!at]1 ,,*icago4 ,effective gr\p+ aga9/ a simple backgr\nd4 7,c\rtesy ( ,maurice ,br[ne74 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,*oos+ ,,! ,,ca/ ,obvi\sly1 ! *oice ( ! ca/ %\ld dep5d ^u ! ability ( ! actors1 al?\gh 9 ! case ( an organization l a s*ool or college dramatic club1 ?is sy/em is n always practicable or ev5 advisable4 ,e memb] ( su* a club %\ld be tra9$ to "w = a common end1 & a sy/em by :i* amateurs are made to und]/& ! necessity ( assum+ fir/ small & unimportant roles & work+ up gradually to ! great] & m important ones1 makes = h>mony & complet5ess ( effect 9 p]=mances4 ,x %\ld be "o ( ! *ief ends ( amateur produc+ to get away f ! curse ( ! pr(essional /age3 ! /> sy/em4 ,x has be5 /at$ "h t ! greate/ emphasis mu/ be laid on ! play itself1 & no actor1 pr(essional or amateur1 %\ld ev] labor "u ! delusion t he is ( great] or ev5 z great importance z ! play 9 :i* he /rives to act 8 "p4 ,! av]age actor is incl9$ to judge a play's m]it accord+ to ! sort ( "p x furni%es him2 ! amateur _s has done mu* to d away ) ?is attitude1 & x is to be hop$ t no coa* w ev] d o!rwise ?an disc\rage x4 ,competition z a means ( select+ a ca/ is 9 mo/ cases ! be/ me?od4 ,! play once select$1 ! p f among :om ! ca/ is to be =m$ are assembl$4 ,x is a good plan to h e "o read ! play fir/1 & make a /udy ( at lea/ "o sc5e ( x4 ,!n1 ei!r alone or 9 company ) "o1 two1 or ?ree o!rs1 he reads--or recites f memory--! sc5e 9 "q1 ei!r be=e ! entire club or be=e a committee ( judges4 ,ea* actor is judg$ on appe>ance1 ease1 voice1 & insight into ! "* he is portray+4 ,! judges1 second$ possibly by ! memb]s ( ! club 7^: votes %\ld1 by ! way1 be ( only second>y importance71 !n select ^? :om !y consid] be/ fitt$ = ! p>ts4 ,9 e case ! director %\ld give f9al sanction to ! selection4 ,9 cases :]e memb]s mu/ at fir/ assume only m9or p>ts because ( club rules1 !re may arise "s difficulty3 = example1 a beg9n] may be bett] fitt$ to assume an important role ?an old] club memb]s4 ,su* cases mu/ ( c\rse be dealt ) individually4 ,9 organizations :i* are n run on s democratic a basis1 ! director selects ! ca/ himself4 ,on ! :ole1 ?is is mu* ! be/ sy/em1 z ! director is left a free field 9 :i* to "w out 8 own problems 9 8 own way4 ,if x is at all possible1 an amateur club ought to put ev]y?+1 includ+ ! responsibility1 into ! h&s ( a compet5t director4 ,9 ?is respect1 ! despotism ( ! pr(essional /age is mo/ b5eficial4 ,:e!r ! coa* be an outsid] hir$ = ! occasion1 or a regul> memb] ( ! club1 9 n9e cases out ( t5 he w e/abli% & ma9ta9 h>mony1 all[ no real tal5t to langui%1 & be at lea/ 9 a position to produce def9ite arti/ic results4 ,amateur managem5t has spoil$ mu* good mat]ial4 ,a director ) full au?ority c "w m easily & effici5tly if left to 8 own devices ?an if trammel$ ) rules & regulations4 ,! !at]1 beh9d ! sc5es1 is a despotic in/itution2 x mu/ be1 b ! greate/ c>e mu/ be tak5 9 *oos+ ! "r despot4 ,%\ld ! coa* be a pr(essional manag] or actor1 or %\ld he be an amateur8 ,! "q is a difficult "o4 ,!re are1 x goes )\t say+1 _m excell5t directors :o are or h be5 pr(essionals2 on ! o!r h&1 x _c be d5i$ t "s ( ! be/ amateur "w 9 ?is c\ntry has be5 done by directors ^: exp]i5ce on ! pr(essional /age has1 to say ! lea/1 be5 limit$4 ,"s su* tra9+ is b5eficial1 b to put a pr(essional ( _m ye>s' exp]i5ce 9 *>ge ( amateurs is likely to make ( ! amateurs a company ( puppets imitat+ only "s ( ! ext]nals ( pr(essionaldom4 ,! be/ director1 !re=e1 seems to be a p]son :o has "s pr(essional exp]i5ce1 b :o has likewise dealt ) amateurs2 "o :o ent]s into ! amateur _s1 & und]/&s its diff]5ce f ! pr(essional _w1 & does n try to tra9 8 company to imitate /ock actors or />s4 ,und]/udies may be *os5 9 ! same mann] z ! fir/ ca/4 ,aft] ! *oos+ ( ! ca/s1 ! next /ep is rehe>s+4 ,to ?is complicat$ process ! next ?ree *apt]s are devot$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,capta9 ,,brassb\nd',s ,,conv]sion1 ,,by ,,%aw4 ,,set ,,( ,,act ,i1 ,,z ,,produc$ ,,by ,,! ,,neighborhood ,,playh\se1 ,,new ,,york4 7,photo by ,:ite4 ,c\rtesy ( ,neighborhood ,playh\se74 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,rehe>s+ ,i ,! fir/ rehe>sal %\ld be call$ z soon z possible aft] ! ca/ has be5 select$ & a place *os5 9 :i* to "w4 ,if ! play is to be p]=m$ 9 a regul> !at]1 x is wise to block out ! g5]al action & h at lea/ ! fir/ two or ?ree rehe>sals on ! /age4 ,x w\ld be /ill bett] if all ! rehe>sals c\ld be conduct$ !re1 b z ?is is seldom possible1 ! /age manag] %\ld take its dim5sions & secure "s room z ne> ! size ( ! /age z he c f9d4 ,a room too l>ge or too small1 or n ! requisite %ape1 is m ?an likely to confuse ! actors4 ,z _m ( ! ess5tial props & articles ( furniture z possible %\ld be us$ f ! v fir/1 9 ord] to accu/om ! actors to "w "u approximately ! same conditions z on ! occasion ( ! p]=mance4 ,if ! play c be secur$ 9 pr9t$ =m1 ea* actor w h 8 copy1 & a g5]al read+ to ! ca/ by ! director or /age manag] be r5d]$ unnecess>y4 ,h[ev]1 a few rem>ks by him z to ! nature & _s ( ! play w n be amiss4 ,x is n uncommon to he> ( pr(essionals :o h nev] read or se5 ! entire play ev5 aft] act+ 9 x = _m mon?s4 ,unless ea* actor kn[s & feels :at ! play is ab\t & ent]s into its _s1 !re c be little *ance = unity & h>mony4 ,cutt+1 or o!r alt]ation1 is (t5 necess>y4 ,! director %\ld read 8 alt]ations & all[ ea* actor to make 8 text con=m ) ! prompt-copy4 ,:5 ! play is n obta9able 9 book =m1 ea* role is !n copi$ f ! manuscript1 toge!r ) ! cues & all ! /age bus9ess4 ,9 ?is case1 a g5]al read+ to ! ca/ is imp]ative4 ,! prelim9>ies dispos$ (1 ! play is read1 ea* actor tak+ 8 "p4 ,?is is m]ely to famili>ize ! actors ) ! play & %[ !m briefly _! relation to ea* o!r & ! "w z a :ole4 ,at ?is fir/ rehe>sal1 !re %\ld be no attempt at act+2 t is res]v$ = ! next meet+4 ,at ! second rehe>sal#a--:i* %\ld take place ! day aft] ! fir/--! director blocks out ! action4 ,if ! play be a full-l5g? "o 7approximately two h\rs7 !n "o act ( ?is g5]al block+ out w be f\nd to occupy all ! "t4 ,if ! play is 9 a s+le act1 & provid$ x be n too long1 !n ! entire play may be block$ out4 #a ,! sy/em "h foll[$ mu/ ( necessity be arbitr>y1 b ! pr9ciple is easy to grasp4 ,a great deal dep5ds on ! ability ( ! actors & ! "t !y c af=d4 ,:at is block+ out8 ,let u take an easy example & block out ! fir/ few m9utes' ( ,wilde's ,! ,importance ( ,be+ ,e>ne/4#b ,"h foll[s ! text ( ! fir/ two & a half pages3 #b ,editions publi%$ by ,fr5*1 ,putnam1 ,luce1 ,ni*ols1 & ,bak]4 ,sc5e--,morn+-room 9 ,alg]non's flat 9 ,half ,moon ,/reet4 ,! room is luxuri\sly & arti/ically furni%$4 ,! s\nd ( a piano is he>d 9 ! adjo9+ room4 ,,lane is arrang+ aft]noon tea on ! table1 & aft] ! music has ceas$1 ,,alg]non ent]s4 ,,alg]non4 ,did y he> :at ,i 0 play+1 ,lane8 ,,lane4 ,i didn't ?9k x polite to li/51 sir4 ,,alg]non4 ,i'm sorry = t1 = y\r sake4 ,i don't play accurately--any "o c play accurately--b ,i play ) wond]ful expression4 ,z f> z ! piano is conc]n$1 s5tim5t is my =te4 ,i keep sci5ce = ,life4 ,,lane4 ,yes1 sir4 ,,alg]non4 ,&1 speak+ ( ! sci5ce ( ,life1 h y got ! cucumb] s&wi*es cut = ,lady ,bracknell8 ,,lane4 ,yes1 sir4 ,he h&s !m on a salv]4 ,,alg]non4 ,inspects !m1 takes two1 & sits d[n on ! s(a4 ,oh6 444 by ! way1 ,lane1 ,i see f y\r book t on ,?ursday night1 :5 ,"l ,%oreman & ,mr4 ,wor?+ 7 d9+ ) me1 eight bottles ( *ampagne are ent]$ z hav+ be5 consum$4 ,,lane4 ,yes1 sir1 eight bottles & a p9t4 ,,alg]non4 ,:y is x t at a ba*elor's e/abli%m5t ! s]vants inv>iably dr9k ! *ampagne8 ,i ask m]ely = in=mation4 ,,lane4 ,i attribute x to ! sup]ior quality ( ! w9e1 sir4 ,i h (t5 obs]v$ t 9 m>ri$ h\seholds ! *ampagne is r>ely ( a fir/-rate br&4 ,,alg]non4 ,good ,heav5s6 ,is m>riage s demoraliz+ z t8 ,,lane4 ,i believe x is a v pleasant /ate1 sir4 ,i h _h v little exp]i5ce ( x myself up to ! pres5t4 ,i h only be5 m>ri$ once4 ,t 0 9 consequ5ce ( a misund]/&+ betwe5 myself & a "y p]son4 ,,alg]non4 ,languidly4 ,i don't "k t ,i am mu* int]e/$ 9 y\r family life1 ,lane4 ,,lane4 ,no1 sir2 x is n a v int]e/+ subject4 ,i nev] ?9k ( x myself4 ,,alg]non4 ,v natural1 ,i am sure4 ,t w d1 ,lane1 ?ank y4 ,,lane4 ,?ank y1 sir4 ,,lane goes out4 ,,alg]non4 ,lane's views on m>riage seem some:at lax4 ,really1 if ! l[] ord]s don't set u a good example1 :at on e>? is ! use ( !m8 ,!y seem1 z a class1 to h absolutely no s5se ( moral responsibility4 ,ent] ,,lane4 ,,lane4 ,mr4 ,erne/ ,wor?+4 ,ent] ,,jack4 ,,lane goes out4 ,,alg]non4 ,h[ are y1 my de> ,erne/8 ,:at br+s y up to t[n8 ,,jack4 ,oh1 pleasure1 pleasure6 ,:at else %\ld br+ me any:]e8 ,eat+ z usual1 ,i see1 ,algy8 ,,alg]non4 ,/iffly4 ,i believe x is cu/om>y 9 good society to take "s slight refre%m5t at five o'clock4 ,:]e h y be5 s9ce la/ ,?ursday8 ,,jack4 ,sitt+ d[n on ! s(a4 ,9 ! c\ntry4 ,,alg]non4 ,:at on e>? d y d !re8 ,,jack4 ,pull+ (f 8 gloves4 ,:5 "o is 9 t[n "o amuses oneself4 ,:5 "o is 9 ! c\ntry "o amuses o!r p4 ,x is excessively bor+4 ,,alg]non4 ,& :o are ! p y amuse8 ,,jack4 ,airily4 ,oh1 neighbors1 neighbors4 ,,alg]non4 ,got nice neighbors 9 y\r "p ( ,%rop%ire8 ,,jack4 ,p]fectly horrid6 ,nev] speak to "o ( !m4 ,,alg]non4 ,h[ imm5sely y mu/ amuse !m6 7,goes ov] & takes s&wi*47 ,by ! way1 ,%rop%ire is y\r c\nty1 is x n8 ,,jack4 ,eh8 ,%rop%ire8 ,yes1 ( c\rse4 ,hallo6 ,:y all ^! cups8 ,:y su* extravagance 9 "o s "y8 ,:o is com+ to tea8 ,! fir/ po9t to be notic$ is t ! /age directions are n suffici5t4 ,to beg9 )1 ! only in=mation we h z to ! morn+-room is t x is 9 ,alg]non ,moncrieff's flat 9 ,half ,moon ,/reet1 & t x is luxuri\sly & arti/ically furni%$4 ,! next directions--,,lane is arrang+ tea on a table--prove t !re is a tea-table ) tea ?+s on x4 ,we are !re=e dep5d5t on ! ensu+ dialogue & ! impli$ or briefly describ$ action to furni% clues z to ! entrances1 furniture1 & props :i* w be requir$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! act4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 ! director's & ! /age manag]'s bus9ess to g ?r\gh ! play be=eh&1 & h all ^! po9ts well 9 m9d4 ,let u n[ see h[ ?is is done1 & proce$ to block out ! fir/ "p ( ! play4 ,! room evid5tly at lea/ has two doors3 "o lead+ into ! hallway--up-/age ,c5t]--! o!r halfway d[n-/age ,"r1#c let u say = ! pres5t1 z 9 ! diagram3 ,illu/ration #c ,"r & ,left 9 /age directions mean f ! actors' po9t ( view4 ,up-/age & d[n-/age mean respectively away f & t[>d ! footlights4 ,be=e ,alg]non's entrance1 ,lane1 ! butl]1 is prep>+ tea4 ,:]e is ! table8 ,"s subsequ5t bus9ess may necessitate its be+ 9 a position diff]5t f ! "o fir/ *os51 b let u assume t x is up-/age to ! "r3 ,illu/ration ,!re x is n likely to be 9 ! way ( ! actors2 fur!rmore1 x is n on ! same side ( ! /age z ! s(a--:i* is ! next article ( furniture to be plac$4 ,if ! table & ! s(a & ! door 7 all on ! same side ( ! /age1 x w\ld be mu* too cr[d$1 especially z ! l>g] "p ( ! subsequ5t action revolves ab\t !m4 ,lane1 !n1 is busi$ ) ! tea ?+s = a mom5t1 z & aft] ! curta9 rises4 ,!n ! music ( a piano is he>d (f-/age to ! "r4 ,x /ops1 & a mom5t lat] ,alg]non ent]s4 ,z he evid5tly has no?+ 9 p>ticul> to d at t mom5t1 he may /& at ! c5t] ( ! /age1 fac+ ,lane1 :o /ops 8 "w & respectfully answ]s 8 ma/]'s que/ions4 ,:5 ,alg]non says3 ,&1 speak+ ( ! sci5ce ( ,life1 h y got ! cucumb] s&wi*es cut = ,lady ,bracknell81 :at m natural ?an t he %\ld look 9 ! direction ( ! table1 & p]haps ev5 make a /ep t[>d x8 ,lane !n goes to ! table1 takes up ! salv] ) ! s&wi*es on x1 & h&s x to ,alg]non4 ,"h !re are no o!r directions ?an ,h&s !m on salv]4 ,! o!r bus9ess is inf]r$ f ! dialogue4 ,alg]non !n ,inspects !m1 takes two1 & sits d[n on ! s(a4 ,?is is ! fir/ ref]5ce to ! s(a4 ,! orig9al prompt-copy mu/1 ( c\rse1 h made cle> exactly :]e ea* article ( furniture /ood1 b1 = ! reasons above enum]at$1 let u place ! s(a z 9 ! diagram3 ,illu/ration ,notice n[ t no?+ is said ( ! salv]4 ,b f ! direction ne> ! top ( page #c--7,luce & ,bak] editions7 ,goes ov] & takes s&wi*--we may assume t ,lane takes ! salv] back to ! table4 ,und\bt$ly1 he does ?is z ,alg]non sits on ! s(a4 ,?is /age direction %\ld be indicat$ 9 ! prompt-copy1 z well z 9 t ( ! actor play+ ,lane1 z foll[s3 ,illu/ration ,z soon z ,lane has done ?is1 or ev5 be=e1 ,alg]non resumes 8 conv]sation1 :ile ,lane turns & li/5s to him4 ,lane /&s some:]e betwe5 ! table & ! s(a1 at a respectful di/ance f ,alg]non4 ,! next bus9ess occurs :5 ,alg]non says ,t w d1 ,lane1 ?ank y1 & ,lane replies ,?ank y1 sir1 & goes out4 ,?is br+s up ano!r "q :i* is n answ]$1 z yet at lea/1 9 ! text4 ,does ,lane g out ,"r8 ,possibly2 or is !re ano!r entrance ,left1 lead+ to ! butl]'s room8 ,s f> z we are able to det]m9e1 !re is no good reason :y ! room to ! "r1 :]e ,alg]non 0 play+1 %\ld n lead to ! butl]'s room1 or to :]ev] he is suppos$ to g4 ,& 9 ?is case1 !re is no reason :y ,lane _c1 dur+ ,alg]non's soliloquy1 h he>d ! doorbell r+1 answ]$ x1 & be5 ready to re5t]1 ann\nc+1 z he does3 ,mr4 ,erne/ ,wor?+4 ,jack !n ent]s1 ,"r4 ,al?\gh aga9 !re is no /age direction1 x is likely t ,alg]non rises to greet 8 fri5d & %ake h&s ) him4 ,once m1 ! /age directions1 or r ! want ( !m1 are apt to confuse4 ,on ! top ( page #c1 we read t ,jack pulls (f 8 gloves4 ,he we>s a hat1 ( c\rse1 & probably a coat4 ,he c>ries 8 hat 9 8 h&1 b presumably /ill we>s 8 coat1 & c]ta9ly 8 gloves4 ,lane1 be=e he leaves1 w\ld und\bt$ly take ,jack's hat1 help him (f ) 8 coat1 & take !m out ) him4 ,!n1 be=e ! two m5 %ake h&s--if !y d--,jack pulls (f 8 gloves4 ,jack's l9e1 ,eat+ z usual1 ,i see1 ,algy1 is suffici5t indication to prove t 9 "o h& ,alg]non holds a s&wi*4 ,alg]non !n sits d[n4 ,! dramati/ w\ld surely h m5tion$ ,jack's sitt+ d[n if t _h be5 8 int5tion2 !re=e ,jack may /&4 ,n[ comes ! direction ab\t ,jack's ,pull+ (f 8 gloves4 ,:at does he d ) !m8 ,= ! pres5t1 at lea/1 let u all[ him to g to ! tea table1 & lay !m on x4 ,a mom5t lat]1 ,alg]non ,goes ov] & takes s&wi*4 ,he /&s by ! table1 eat+1 & ?is attracts ,jack's att5tion to ! some:at elaborate prep>ations = tea4 ,alg]non !n says3 ,by ! way1 ,%rop%ire is y\r c\nty1 is x n8 ,b ,jack1 too engross$ 9 ! prep>ations1 sc>cely he>s ! o!r1 & answ]s3 ,eh8 ,%rop%ire8 ,yes1 ( c\rse1 & s on4 ,!n he evid5tly goes to ! tea table4 ,?is is ! g5]al me?od ( attack to be pursu$4 ,x may be t lat] 9 ! same sc5e x w be necess>y to g back & undo "s ( ! bus9ess1 because ! only available text ( ?is play--& ?is is almo/ always true ( pr9t$ plays--is n 9 prompt-copy =m4 ,! mak+1 !re=e1 ( a prompt-copy is a sl[ process4 ,fir/1 ! director goes ?r\gh ! play & plans 9 a g5]al way :at ! action is to be1 b only by rehe>s+ 8 ca/ on a p>ticul> /age & "u specific conditions1 is he able to "k e detail ( ! action4 ,by ! "t ! actors are lett]-p]fect1 ! prompt-copy ought likewise to be fairly p]fect4 ,x is always dang]\s to *ange bus9ess aft] ! actors h memoriz$ _! p>ts4 ,dur+ ?is prelim9>y block+-out process1 little or no att5tion ne$ be paid to details3 ! m]e outl9+ ( ! action1 toge!r ) ! read+ ( ! l9es by ! actors1 is suffici5t4 ,sometimes pr9t$ plays suff] f too _m /age directions1 & occasionally ev5 ! c>eful ,b]n>d ,%aw1 z ! foll[+ extract w prove1 is f> f cle>4 ,"h are ! op5+ pages ( ,y ,nev] ,c ,tell3#d #d ,publi%$ sep>ately by ,br5tano's4 ,9 a d5ti/'s op]at+ room on a f9e ,augu/ morn+ 9 #ahif4 ,n ! usual t9y ,london d51 b ! be/ sitt+-room ( a furni%$ lodg+ 9 a t]race on ! sea front at a fa%ionable wat]+ place4 ,! op]at+ *air1 ) a gas pump & cyl9d] beside x1 is half way betwe5 ! c5t] ( ! room & "o ( ! corn]s4 ,if y look into ! room ?r\gh ! w9d[ :i* lights x1 y w see ! fireplace 9 ! middle ( ! wall opposite y1 ) ! door beside x to y\r left2 an ,m4,r4,c4,s4 diploma 9 a frame hung on ! *imneypiece2 an easy *air cov]$ 9 black lea!r on ! he>?2 a neat /ool & b5*1 ) vice1 tools1 & a mort> & pe/le 9 ! corn] to ! "r4 ,ne> ?is b5* /&s a sl5d] ma*9e l a :ip provid$ ) a /&1 a p$al1 & an exagg]at$ w9*4 ,recogniz+ ?is z a d5tal drill1 y %udd] & look away to y\r left1 :]e y c see ano!r w9d[1 und]nea? :i* /&s a writ+ table1 ) a blott] & a di>y on x1 & a *air4 ,next ! writ+ table1 t[>ds ! door1 is a lea!r cov]$ s(a4 ,! opposite wall1 close on y\r "r1 is occupi$ mo/ly by a bookcase4 ,! op]at+ *air is "u y\r nose1 fac+ y1 ) ! cab9et ( in/rum5ts h&y to x on y\r left4 ,y obs]ve t ! pr(essional furniture & app>atus are new1 & t ! wall pap]1 design$1 ) ! ta/e ( an und]tak]1 9 fe/oons & urns1 ! c>pet ) its symmetrical plans ( ri*1 cabbagy nosegays1 ! glass gasali] ) lu/res1 ! ornam5tal1 gilt-rimm$ blue c&le/icks on ! ends ( ! mantel%elf1 also glass-drap$ ) lu/res1 & ! ormolu clock "u a glass cov] 9 ! middle betwe5 !m1 its uselessness emphasiz$ by a *eap ,am]ican clock disrespectfully plac$ beside x & n[ indicat+ #ab o'clock noon1 all comb9e ) ! black m>ble :i* gives ! fireplace ! air ( a m9iature family vault1 to sugge/ e>ly ,victorian comm]cial respectability1 belief 9 money1 ,bible feti*ism1 fe> ( hell always at w> ) fe> ( pov]ty1 in/9ctive horror ( ! passionate "* ( art1 love & ! ,roman ,ca?olic religion1 & all ! fir/ fruits ( plutocracy 9 ! e>ly g5]ations ( ! indu/rial revolution4 ,!re is no %ad[ ( ?is on ! two p]sons :o are occupy+ ! room j n[4 ,"o ( !m1 a v pretty woman 9 m9iature1 h] t9y figure dress$ ) ! da9tie/ gaiety1 is ( a lat] g5]ation1 be+ h>dly eighte5 yet4 ,?is d>l+ little creature cle>ly does n belong to ! room1 or ev5 to ! c\ntry2 = h] complexion1 ?\gh v delicate1 has be5 burnt biscuit color by "s w>m] sun ?an ,engl&'s2 & yet !re is1 = a v subtle obs]v]1 a l9k betwe5 !m4 ,= %e has a glass ( wat] 9 h] h&1 & a rapidly cle>+ cl\d ( sp>tan ob/9acy on h] t9y firm m\? & qua9tly squ>$ eyebr[s4 ,if ! lea/ l9e ( consci5ce c\ld be trac$ betwe5 ^? eyebr[s1 an ,evangelical might *]i% "s fa9t hope ( f9d+ h] a %eep 9 wolf's clo?+--= h] frock is recklessly pretty--b z ! cl\d vani%es x leaves h] frontal s9us z smoo?ly free f conviction ( s9 z a kitt5's4 ,! d5ti/1 contemplat+ h] ) ! self-satisfaction ( a successful op]ator1 is a "y man ( ?irty or !reab\ts4 ,he does n give ! impression ( be+ mu* ( a workman3 8 pr(essional mann] evid5tly /rikes him z be+ a joke2 & x is und]la9 by a ?\ghtless pleasantry :i* betrays ! "y g5tleman /ill unsettl$ & 9 se>* ( amus+ adv5tures1 beh9d ! newly set-up d5ti/ 9 se>* ( pati5ts4 ,he is n )\t gravity ( demeanor2 b ! /ra9$ no/rils /amp x z ! gravity ( ! humori/4 ,8 eyes are cle>1 al]t1 ( sceptically mod]ate size1 & yet a little ra%2 8 =ehead is an excell5t "o1 ) pl5ty ( room beh9d x2 8 nose & *9 cavali]ly h&some4 ,on ! :ole1 an attractive1 noticeable beg9n]1 ( ^: prospects a man ( bus9ess might =m a tol]ably favorable e/imate4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady 7h&+ him ! glass74 ,?ank y4 7,9 spite ( ! biscuit complexion %e has n ! slighte/ =eign acc5t47 ,,! ,,d5ti/ 7putt+ x d[n on ! l$ge ( 8 cab9et ( in/rum5ts74 ,t 0 my fir/ too?4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady 7agha/74 ,y\r fir/6 ,d y mean to say t y began practis+ on me8 ,,! ,,d5ti/4 ,e d5ti/ has to beg9 on somebody4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady4 ,yes3 somebody 9 a hospital1 n p :o pay4 ,,! ,,d5ti/ 7laugh+74 ,oh1 ! hospital doesn't c\nt4 ,i only meant my fir/ too? 9 private practice4 ,:y didn't y let me give y gas8 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady4 ,because y said x w\ld be five %ill+s extra4 ,,! ,,d5ti/ 7%ock$74 ,oh1 don't say t4 ,x makes me feel z if ,i _h hurt y = ! sake ( five %ill+s4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady 7) cool insol5ce74 ,well1 s y h6 7,%e gets up47 ,:y %\ldn't y8 x's y\r bus9ess to hurt p4 7,x amuses him to be treat$ 9 ?is fa%ion2 he *uckles secretly z he proce$s to clean & replace 8 in/rum5ts4 ,%e %akes h] dress into ord]1 looks inquisitively ab\t h]2 & goes to ! w9d[47 ,y h a good view ( ! sea f ^! rooms6 ,are !y exp5sive8 ,,! ,,d5ti/4 ,yes4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady4 ,y don't own ! :ole h\se1 d y8 ,,! ,,d5ti/4 ,no4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady 7tak+ ! *air :i* /&s at ! writ+ table & look+ critically at x z %e sp9s x r\nd on "o leg74 ,y\r furniture isn't q ! late/ ?+1 is x8 ,,! ,,d5ti/4 ,x's my l&lord's4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady4 ,does he own t nice com=table ,ba? *air8 7po9t+ to ! op]at+ *air74 ,,! ,,d5ti/4 ,no3 ,i h t on ! hire-pur*ase sy/em4 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady 7disp>ag+ly74 ,i ?\ght s4 7,look+ ab\t h] aga9 9 se>* ( fur!r conclusion47 ,i suppose y hav5't be5 "h long8 ,,! ,,d5ti/4 ,six weeks4 ,is !re any?+ else y w\ld l to "k8 ,,! ,,"y ,,lady 7! h9t q lo/ on h]74 ,any family8 ,%aw's /age directions "h are m ?an suffici5t3 !y are int5d$ n only = ! director1 /age manag]1 prop]ty man1 sc5e pa9t]1 & actor1 b = ! read] z well4 ,8 directions are always /imulat+ & sugge/ive1 & %\ld be /udi$ by ! actors2 b1 f ! po9t ( view ( ! director & /age manag]1 !y are bewild]+ly diffuse & sometimes confus+4 ,! fact1 = in/ance1 t ! action takes place precisely 9 #ahif1 c be ( little int]e/ to ! manag]4 ,nor c a clock indicate twelve o'clock noon4 ,9 su* /age directions z ^! ! director w !re=e h to sep>ate ! purely me*anical elem5ts f ! lit]>y & atmosph]ic4 ,let u n[ apply ourselves to ! r difficult task ( mak+ a diagram ( ! /age & its sett+s4 ,x is a f9e ,augu/ morn+4 ,! sun is %9+ out-(-doors &1 z ! room looks out ov] ! sea1 ! /age mu/ be light$ ?r\gh "o ( ! w9d[s4 ,! dramati/ goes on to say t ! room is ,n ! usual t9y ,london d51 b ! be/ sitt+ room ( a furni%$ lodg+4 ,by inf]5ce1 x is a l>ge room4 ,! op]at+ *air is half way betwe5 ! c5t] ( ! room & "o ( ! corn]s4 ,:i* corn] is n designat$4 ,let u try to plot out ! /age on ! assumption t we are look+ at x ?r\gh a w9d[ halfway d[n-/age on ! left 7! actor's left1 ( c\rse74 ,! w9d[ :i* lights ! room is plac$ ?us3 ,illu/ration ,look+ ?r\gh ?is w9d[1 y w see ! fireplace 9 ! middle ( ! wall opposite y1 ) ! door beside x to y\r left3 ,illu/ration ,! next article ( furniture m5tion$ is ! easy *air on ! he>?3 ,illu/ration ,!n come a neat /ool & b5* &1 ne> !m1 a d5tal drill3 ,illu/ration ,ne> x is n def9ite1 b = ! "t be+1 let u all[ x to /& up-/age ne> ! /ool & b5*1 b a little t[>d ,c5t]4 ,next1 y look away to y\r left1 :]e y c see ano!r w9d[4 ,! direction "h is n practicable1 b ! w9d[ may well g above ! fireplace1 in/ead ( bel[1 ?us3 ,illu/ration ,und]nea? ?is w9d[ /&s a writ+ table & a *air3 ,illu/ration ,next ! writ+ table1 t[>ds ! door1 is a lea!r cov]$ s(a4 ,to add ano!r article ( furniture to ?is already cr[d$ side ( ! /age w\ld n only make ! room appe> unnatural to ! audi5ce1 b w\ld r5d] x impossible = ! actors to move ab\t ) ease4 ,! director w !re=e h to use 8 +5uity & judgm5t z to :]e to put ! s(a4 ,"s subsequ5t bus9ess may necessitate a *ange ( ! disposition ( m ?an "o *air or s(a or /ool1 b ! process "h outl9$ is ! fir/ /ep4 ,to proce$3 ! s(a1 !n1 mu/ be plac$ some:]e else4 ,b :]e8 ,by mov+ ! drill to ! left1 9 ! corn]1 ! s(a c be plac$ next to ! table1 z foll[s3 ,illu/ration ,! opposite wall1 close on y\r "r1 is occupi$ mo/ly by a bookcase4 ,! op]at+ *air is "u y\r nose1 fac+ y1 ) ! cab9et ( in/rum5ts h&y to x on y\r left4 ,illu/ration ,x is at once obs]v$ h[ necess>y x 0 to move ! drill f ! o!r side ( ! room to ?is3 ov] by ! table1 x w\ld be out ( conv5i5t rea* ( ! d5ti/4 ,! difficulty ( arrang+ ! /age 9 ?is case w at once prove ! imp]ative ne$ ( go+ ?r\gh ! play ) ! utmo/ att5tion to /age directions & l9es1 9 ord] to make an accurate s]ies ( /age diagrams1 prop]ty1 light1 & furniture plots4 ,notice t 9 ! prelim9>y /age directions ! c5t] entrance is n designat$4 ,x soon becomes evid5t1 h[ev]1 t a c5t] door 7or "o1 at lea/1 at ! back ( ! /age7 is tak5 = grant$4 ,?is elem5t>y diagram w s]ve z a work+ basis4 ,a v little rehe>s+ w soon make x necess>y to arrange ! furniture1 & s on1 9 a mann] m pleas+ to ! eye & m conv5i5t to ! actor4 ,illu/ration ,!re is "o m k9d ( text ) :i* amateurs h to d3 x is ! repr9t ( actual prompt-copies1 & is usually accurate 9 mat]ial details4 ,! foll[+ extract is f ! op5+ pages ( ! f\r? act ( ,h5ry ,ar?ur ,jones's ,! ,li>s 79 ! special edition publi%$ by ,samuel ,fr5*73 ,sc5e3 ,draw+-room 9 ,sir ,*ri/oph]'s flat 9 ,victoria ,/reet4 ,l4 at back is a l>ge recess1 tak+ up half ! /age4 ,! "r half is tak5 up by an inn] room furni%$ z libr>y & smok+-room4 ,curta9s divid+ libr>y f draw+-room4 ,door up-/age1 ,l4 ,a table d[n-/age1 ,r4 ,! room is 9 great confusion1 ) portmanteau op51 clo!s1 etc41 scatt]$ ov] ! floor2 articles :i* an (fic] go+ to ,c5tral ,africa might want are ly+ ab\t4 ,! diagram1 z giv5 9 ! text1 is ?is3 ,illu/ration ,?is is m]ely a skeleton1 z x 71 ( a diagram1 b fir/1 ! prelim9>y /age directions--quot$ above--& ! detail$ & full m>g9al & o!r /age directions 9 ! text1 make cle> e cross+1 entrance1 & exit1 & designate at lea/ ! important articles ( furniture & props4 ,= example1 x is le>n$ f ! text on ! fir/ & second pages ( ! act1 t !re is a uni=m case up-,c5t]--up-/age1 t is1 9 ! c5t] ( x2 a fold+ /ool by ! table2 a trunk to ! left ( ,c5t]2 & a s(a on ! extreme left4 ,unlike ! quotations f ! ,wilde & ,%aw plays1 ^? ( ,jones supply all necess>y in=mation to ! /age manag] & ! actors4 ,( c\rse1 z always1 modifications mu/ be made to meet ! exig5cies ( c]ta9 /ages & c]ta9 actors1 b ^! are m9or matt]s4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ?is prelim9>y block+-out hav+ be5 laid d[n1 we %all n[ proce$ to a consid]ation ( ! inf9itely v>i$ problems ( gr\p+ & detail$ /age bus9ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,,set ,,= ,,musset',s ,,:ims1 ,,produc$ ,,by ,,! ,,wa%+ton ,,squ>e ,,play]s4 7,c\rtesy ( ,! ,wa%+ton ,squ>e ,play]s74 ,,*apt] ,v ,,rehe>s+ ,,ii ,:ile x is true t ! possibilities ( v>iation 9 ! matt] ( gr\p+1 cross+1 & s on1 are inf9ite1 /ill !re are "s def9ite pr9ciples to be foll[$4 ,suppose t ! block+-out process is ov] )1 & ! actors h a fair idea ( _! entrances1 positions1 bus9ess1 & exits4 ,! two foll[+ extracts 7! fir/ f ! ?ird act ( ,jones's ,! ,li>s1 ! second f ,ed\>d ,paill]on's ,! ,art ( ,be+ ,bor$7 s]ve to illu/rate two ways ( go+ ab\t ! problem ( gr\p+ actors on ! /age4 ,! fir/ conta9s specific directions1 ! second only ! m]e/ sugge/ions4 ,bel[ is ! diagram ( ! /age 9 ! ?ird act ( ,! ,li>s3 ,illu/ration ,up to page #ajg1 :i* is reproduc$ on page #ej1 ! *>act]s are gr\p$ z indicat$3 ,illu/ration ,foll[+ c>efully ! /age directions 9 ! text & on ! m>g91 ! action is trac$ z foll[s3 ,mrs4 ,cresp9 %akes h&s ) ,sir ,*ri/oph]4 ,!n 7m>g9al note7 ,sir ,c4 op5s door ,l4 = ,mrs4 ,cresp93 ,illu/ration 7,exit ,,mrs4 ,,cresp94#e ,!y all /& look+ at ea* o!r1 nonpluss$4 ,,sir ,,*ri/oph] slightly t\*+ 8 head ) p]plex$ ge/ure47 #e ,sir ,c4 op5s door ,l4 = ,mrs4 ,cresp92 aft] h] exit1 closes door4 ,!y all turn & look at ,sir ,c4 ,he s9ks into a *air up ,c41 & %akes 8 head at !m4 ,,sir ,c4 ,our fib won't d4 ,,lady ,r4 ,fr$die1 y incomp>able n9compoop6 ,,fr$die4 ,i l t6 ,if ,i hadn't ask$ h]1 :at w\ld h happ5$8 ,george ,nepean w\ld h come 91 y'd h plump$ d[n on him ) y\r lie1 & :at !n8 ,don't y ?9k x's jolly lucky ,i said :at ,i did8#f #f ,lady ,jess4 sits ,l4,c4 ,sir ,*ris4 puts hat on bookcase ,c41 & comes d[n ,c4 ,,sir ,c4 ,x's lucky 9 ?is in/ance4 ,b if ,i am to emb>k any fur!r 9 ^! imag9ative ent]prises1 ,i mu/ ask y1 ,fr$die1 to keep a sil5t tongue4 ,,fr$die4 ,:at =8 ,,sir ,c4 ,well1 old fell[1 x may be an unpalatable tru? to y1 b y'll nev] make a good li>4#g #g ,lady ,r4 & ,lady ,jess4 agree ) ,sir ,c4 ,,fr$die4 ,v likely n4 ,b if ?is sort ( ?+ is go+ on 9 my h\se1 ,i ?9k ,i ought to4 ,,lady ,r4#h #h ,crosses to him ,c4 ,fr$die sits ,r4,c4 annoy$4 ,oh1 d subside1 ,fr$die1 d subside6 ,,lady ,j4#i #i #e? call4 ,george4 ,yes1 ,george--& p]haps ,gilb]t--w be "h directly4 ,oh1 w somebody tell me :at to d8 ,!n1 aft] h] exit1 closes door4 ,!y all turn & look at ,sir ,c4 ,he s9ks into a *air & %akes 8 head at !m4 ,into :i* *air does he s9k8 ,s9ce 9 a mom5t he mu/ put 8 hat on ! bookcase1 ,c5t]1 he _h bett] sit on ! *air to ! "r ( x3 ,illu/ration ,!n1 at ! end ( ,fr$die's spee*1 ,lady ,jess4 sits ,l4,c4 left ( ,c5t]4 ,sir ,*ris4 puts hat on bookcase ,c41 & comes d[n ,c4 ,illu/ration ,! la/ spee* ( ,lady ,rosamund on ?is page is accompani$ by ! foll[+ /age direction3 ,crosses to him ,sir ,*ri/oph] ,c4 ,fr$die sits ,r4,c4 annoy$4 ,illu/ration ,?is is v simple1 b only 9 ! r>e/ in/ances are /age directions s c>efully work$ out & indicat$4 ,! director w usually be confront$ by long pages :]e !re are few or no def9ite or dep5dable directions4 ,! orig9al text ( ,%akespe>e af=ds u only ! mo/ elem5t>y explanations ( /age bus9ess1 s t :5 ,%akespe>e is produc$ x is wise/ to use "o ( ! _m /age editions1 9 :i* ! traditional directions1 or o!rs equally good1 are giv5 at "s l5g?4 ,usually1 h[ev]1 ! director w be aid$ by directions :i* are fairly full & fairly accurate1 b nev] q dep5dable4 ,! foll[+ exc]pt--f ,! ,art ( ,be+ ,bor$--conta9s ! ord9>y sort ( directions1 ! k9d t are f\nd 9 good plays & bad4 ,! set is describ$ 9 ! fir/ act z be+3 ,a draw+-room1 ) a l>ge entrance at ! back1 op5+ ^u ano!r room4 ,entrances up- & d[n-/age4 ,to ! left1 betwe5 ! two doors1 a piano4 ,"r1 an entrance d[n-/age2 f>!r up1 a l>ge alcove ) a glaz$ door lead+ into ! g>d52 a table1 on ei!r side ( :i* is a *air2 to ! "r1 a small table & a s(a2 arm-*airs1 etc4 ,?is may be plott$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,illu/ration ,!re are no specific directions z to ! position ( ! s(a & *airs1 b z a l>ge numb] ( *>act]s are on ! /age at "o "t1 a great _m w be necess>y4 ,! exact numb] ( *airs1 z well z ! positions !y w h to occupy1 dep5d l>gely on ! size & %ape ( ! /age4 ,! above diagram w s]ve at fir/ z a work+ basis4 ,turn+ to ! op5+ ( ! second act1 we f9d ! foll[+ directions3 7,same z ,act #a4 7,bellac1 ,t\lonni]1 ,rog]1 ,paul ,raymond1 ,madame de ,c]an1 ,madame de ,l\dan1 ,madame ,arriego1 ! ,du*ess1 ,suzanne1 ,lucy1 ,jeanne seat$ 9 a semi-circle1 li/5+ to ,sa9t-,reault1 :o is f9i%+ 8 lecture74 ,illu/ration ,,sa9t-,,reault4 ,&1 make no mi/ake ab\t x6 ,pr(\nd z ^! leg5ds may appe> because ( _! baffl+ exoticism1 !y are m]ely--my illu/ri\s fa!r wrote 9 #ahcd--;elem5tal1 primitive imag9+s 9 comp>ison ) ! transc5d5tal conceptions ( ,brahm9 lore1 ga!r$ toge!r 9 ! ,upani%ads1 or inde$ 9 ! eighte5 ,p>anas ( ,vyasa1 ! compil] ( ! ,v$da4 ,,jeanne 7aside to ,paul74 ,are y asleep8 ,,paul4 ,no1 no--,i he> "s k9d ( gibb]i%4 ,,sa9t-,,reault4 ,su*1 9 simple t]m9ology1 is ! concretum ( ! doctr9e ( ,buddha4--,& at ?is po9t ,i %all close my rem>ks4 7,murmurs4 ,"s ( ! audi5ce rise74 ,"h two or ?ree--,bellac & ,rog]1 & "o ( ! ladies1 let u say--rise1 & *at 9 und]tones 9 a small gr\p among !mselves4 ,,sev]al ,,voices 7weakly74 ,v good6 ,good6 ,,sa9t-,,reault4 ,& n[--7,he c\ghs74 ,,madame ,,de ,,c]an 7eag]ly74 ,y mu/ be tir$1 ,sa9t-,reault8 ,at ?is1 ,madame de ,c]an might well rise1 z if to put an end to ,sa9t-,reault's spee*4 ,! o!rs are impati5t1 & p]haps "o or two />t to rise4 ,! o!rs :isp]1 or appe> to d s4 ,!n ,sa9t-,reault cont9ues3 ,,sa9t-,,reault4 ,n at all1 ,c\ntess6 ,,madame ,,arriego4 ,oh1 yes1 y mu/ be2 re/ y\rself4 ,we c wait4 ,x is likely t "h ,madame ,arriego w\ld rise & g to ,sa9t-,reault4 ,two or ?ree o!rs w\ld foll[ h]4 ,,sev]al ,,voices4 ,y mu/ re/6 ,,madame ,,de ,,l\dan4 ,y c't always rema9 9 ! cl\ds4 ,come d[n to e>?1 ,b>on4 ,,sa9t-,,reault4 ,?ank y1 b--well1 y see1 ,i _h already f9i%$4 7,ev]ybody rises74 ,sa9t-,reault's audi5ce may !n =m into small gr\ps1 some:at z foll[s3 ,illu/ration ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to give ! /age a cr[d$ appe>ance1 nor yet an air ( too well-ord]$ symmetry4 ,to cont9ue3 ,,sev]al ,,voices4 ,s int]e/+6--,a little obscure6--,excell5t6--,too long6 ,,bellac 7to ! ladies74 ,too mat]iali/ic6 ,,paul 7to ,jeanne74 ,he's bungl$ x4 ,,susanne 7call+74 ,monsieur ,bellac6 ,,bellac4 ,mademoiselle8 ,,susanne4 ,come "h1 ne> me4 7,bellac goes to h]74 ,,rog] 7aside to ! ,du*ess74 ,aunt6 ,! direction aside to ! ,du*ess %[s t 7#a7 ,rog]1 aft] ! company rose1 ei!r w5t to ! ,du*ess2 or t1 7#b7 meantime he goes to h]4 ,?is may be done ei!r way1 s long z ! two are )9 reasonable :isp]+ di/ance4 ,,du*ess 7aside to ,rog]74 ,%e's do+ x on purpose6 ,,sa9t-,,reault 7com+ to table74 ,"o ^w m6 7,g5]al surprise4 ,! audi5ce sit d[n 9 sil5ce & con/]nation74 ,be>+ 9 m9d ! *ange ( position ( ,bellac1 ,rog]1 & ,sa9t-,reault1 we may reseat ! *>act]s z foll[s3 ,illu/ration ,:ile1 z has be5 said1 gr\p+ dep5ds to a great ext5t on ! size & %ape ( ! /age1 x %\ld always be borne 9 m9d t ! /age %\ld 9 mo/ cases be made to resemble a picture z reg>ds balance & composition4 ,?is means t ! director mu/ avoid cr[d+2 t ! actors mu/ le>n to take _! places z "p ( t picture1 & n attempt ei!r to usurp ! c5t] ( ! /age or to disappe> beh9d o!r actors4 ,no gr\p+ %\ld ev] be left to *ance or ! inspiration ( ! mom5t2 e actor mu/ h m>k$ d[n 9 8 own script e movem5t he makes4 ,gr\ps & cr[ds require a great deal ( rehe>s+1 9 ord] t !y may always assume ! "r position at ! "r mom5t4 ,:5 an impression ( va/ numb]s ( p is desir$--z 9 ,julius ,caes>--l>ge numb]s ( supes are n ne$$4 ,eight or t5 or twelve p1 well manag$1 are suffici5t to create an effect ( ?is sort on a small /age1 & p]haps tw5ty on a l>ge4 ,! basic pr9ciple ( ! art ( ! !at] is sugge/ion1 n reproduction4 ,9 ! =um sc5e ( ,%akespe>e's ,julius ,caes> !re are practically no /age directions4 ,! managem5t ( ! mob1 !re=e1 is left entirely to ! director4 ,:5 ! ,?ird ,citiz5 says3 ,! noble ,brutus is asc5d$4 ,sil5ce6 we are ( c\rse giv5 to und]/&--by ! ^w ,sil5ce6--t !re has be5 "s noise & confusion4 ,! text af=ds ! mo/ important indications4 ,plot out1 = practice1 ! position ( ! v>i\s memb]s ( ! mob ?r\gh\t ?is sc5e4 ,z a rule1 ! be/ impression ( a cr[d is made by mass+ & manipulat+ gr\ps ( f ?ree to six individuals4 ,if movem5t is dem&$1 x mu/ be precise & measur$ out c>efully dur+ rehe>sals4 ,!re=e1 s9ce x is ne>ly always impossible to get tra9$ actors to compose mobs1 x is well to int]sp]se two or ?ree lead]s 9 any cr[d1 :o w give ! cue = conc]t$ action4 ,! =ego+ discussion1 bo? 9 ! pres5t & prec$+ *apt]1 has be5 made l>gely f ! director's & ! /age manag]'s viewpo9t4 ,let u n[ g back to ! actor1 & sugge/ a few me?ods :i* w help him4 ,an easy & vivid way ( rememb]+ bus9ess at fir/ is to make a v simple diagram1 ?us3 ,illu/ration ,suppos+ ,a1 :o /&s d[n-/age be=e ! s(a1 crosses up-/age to ! small table1 z he says3 ,i'll n /& x any long]6 ,j aft] ?is l9e1 ! actor places a m>k ref]r+ him to ! m>g9 ( 8 script1 & makes ano!r diagram3 ,illu/ration ,?is repres5ts ,a cross+ to up-/age1 left ( ! small table4 ,9 ?is way1 :5 ! actor is /udy+ 8 l9es1 he _c help /udy+ ! bus9ess1 & vice v]sa2 & s9ce l9es & bus9ess almo/ always g h& 9 h&1 he w run no dang] ( hav+ fir/ le>n$ ! "o )\t ! o!r4 ,consid]able confusion is likely to arise :5 an ov]zeal\s director insi/s t 8 actors be lett] p]fect be=e ! bus9ess is well =mulat$ & work$ out & ?or\ghly le>n$4 ,9 ! fir/ *apt] on ,rehe>s+1 ! block+-out process 0 discuss$1 b ! ord] 9 :i* ea* act 0 to be rehe>s$1 ! "t to be sp5t on x1 etc4--^! matt]s 7 def]r$1 & w n[ be tak5 up4 ,at ! next rehe>sal--t is1 aft] ! block+-out ( ! fir/ act--! second is treat$ 9 ! same way4 ,& aft] ! la/ act has be5 block$ out1 ! fir/ %\ld be rehe>s$ ) great] c>e4 ,details ( bus9ess1 gr\p+1 ! deliv]y ( l9es--especially ! correction ( errors 9 int]pretation--mu/ be c>efully consid]$4 ,probably "s ( ! bus9ess block$ out 9 ! fir/ rehe>sal w h to be *ang$1 or at lea/ amplifi$4 ,entrances & exits mu/ be repeat$ly rehe>s$ until !y g smoo?ly4 ,! cross+s & recross+ ( "o1 two1 or m *>act]s1 c sc>cely be rehe>s$ too (t54 ,let u take a few examples ( ?is sort ( detail "w4 ,a man comes home late1 tir$ & hungry4 ,outside ! sitt+ room ?r\gh an op5 door1 is se5 ! hatrack4 ,h[ c ?is simple incid5t be made to appe> true & int]e/+8 ,"h is at lea/ "o mann] ( accompli%+ x3 a door is he>d clos+ (f-/age2 foot/eps res\nd 9 ! hall4 ,a1 ! man1 appe>s1 we>+ a hat1 ov]coat1 & gloves1 at ! ,c5t] door1 looks into ! room to see :e!r any "o is pres5t1 seems surpris$1 utt]s a %ort exclamation1 & !n turns to ! hatrack4 ,8 back to ! audi5ce1 he takes (f 8 hat1 hangs x c>elessly on a hook1 !n sl[ly draws (f 8 gloves1 all[s 8 coat to fall f 8 %\ld]s1 looks at himself 9 ! glass = an in/ant1 & !n1 ) a sigh1 comes into ! room aga94 ,! incid5t1 ( c\rse1 is capable ( a hundr$ v>iations1 dep5d+ ^u ! "* ( ! man1 ! circum/ances "u :i* he comes home1 & s =?4 ,or1 a little m complicat$ in/ance3 ,a1 ,b1 & ,c1 ?ree m51 are seat$1 talk+ aft] d9n]4 ,!y are /ation$ z foll[s3 ,illu/ration ,a sits on ! arm ( ! dav5port1 ,b on ! dav5port itself1 & ,c 9 a *air at ! l[] "r-h& side ( ! table4 ,notice fir/ t ! dav5port is n plac$ at "r angles to ! audi5ce2 ?is is done s t two p1 sitt+ side by side1 may be bett] se5 by ! h\se4 ,notice1 too1 t ,a is at ! extreme left-h& corn] ( ! dav5port4 ,visualize ?is = an in/ant3 "h is proportion1 l9e1 & balance1 b )\t ! appe>ance ( /iffness or symmetry1 :i* %\ld always be avoid$4 ,b rises & /&s be=e ! fireplace3 aga9 notice ! gr\p+3 ,illu/ration ,a !n rises & goes to ! c5t] ( ! /age1 /&+ ne> ! left ( ! table3 ,illu/ration ,?is simple mov+ ab\t ! room %\ld nev] be obtrusive2 t is to say1 ! audi5ce mu/ nev] be consci\s ( ! director's h&4 ,fir/1 e bit ( bus9ess1 e move1 e ge/ure1 mu/ be ju/ifi$1 o!rwise x calls att5tion to itself4 ,?is is a di/9ct problem ) amateurs1 :o naturally f9d x difficult n to move ab\t :5 !y h no?+ else to d4 ,!y feel self-consci\s unless !y are act+4 ,! be/ rule = any amateur--al?\gh x is aga9 ! director :o is responsible & %\ld look aft] ?is--is1 nev] to d any?+ unless he kn[s precisely :y he does x1 & unless he feels x4 ,"o fur!r example3 imag9e a five-m9ute conv]sation1 9 ! text ( :i* !re are no /age directions4 ,x is betwe5 two wom53 ,d & ,e4 ,!y are seat$1 "o 9 an arm-*air by ! fire1 ! o!r 9 an ord9>y *air to ! "r ( a libr>y table3 ,illu/ration ,!re are n _m plays 9 :i* two *>act]s m]ely conv]se = s long a p]iod )\t well-motivat$ reasons1 b x is well to take an extreme example4 ,let u assume t ,d is tell+ ,e ! /ory ( h] life1 & t = two m9utes h] spee* conta9s little m ?an /raight n>rative4 ,sudd5ly %e tells a sad incid5t1 & ,e1 :o has a sympa!tic nature1 wipes h] eyes ) h] h&k]*ief4 ,d cont9ues1 & ,e1 no long] able to re/ra9 h] te>s b n wi%+ to %[ h] emotion to ,d1 rises & goes to ! left ( ! /age = a mom5t or two4 ,! long conv]sation sc5e is n[ brok5 up by a natural bit ( action4 ,:ile 9 life su* a conv]sation might consume h\rs1 on ! /age x mu/ be made m attractive & emotionally /imulat+2 9 ! !at]1 ! appeal is ?r\gh ! eye & e>1 to ! emotions4 ,su* a sc5e z ! "o j outl9$ mu/ be repeat$ly rehe>s$1 until e detail ( ! bus9ess is work$ out p]fectly4 ,aft] approximately t5 days' "w on ! fir/ act--dur+ :i* p]iod ea* ( ! o!r acts %\ld be run ?r\gh at lea/ ?ree times--! actors %\ld be lett] p]fect & able to give a fairly smoo? p]=mance4 ,!n ! o!r acts are rehe>s$ 9 l mann]4 ,ea* act1 aft] x is f9i%$ 9 ?is way1 mu/ be rehe>s$ at lea/ e ?ree or f\r days4 ,:5 all ! acts h be5 work$ out1 !n ea* rehe>sal is devot$ to go+ ?r\gh ! :ole play4 ,m9or po9ts 9 act+1 m9or bus9ess1 r5d]+ ( ! l9es1 voice1 ge/ure1 etc41 mu/ naturally be insi/$ ^u4 ,special cases mu/ be dealt ) outside ! regul> rehe>sals1 = ! play %\ld be int]rupt$ z seldom z possible1 because x is wise to let ! actors become accu/om$ to go+ ?r\gh ! entire piece4 ,x w be f\nd exp$iti\s1 too1 = small gr\ps ( *>act]s :o h sc5es toge!r to rehe>se by !mselves4 ,! full rehe>sals ( ! play are valuable bo? to actors & ! director1 = ! latt] is giv5 a g5]al view ( 8 /age pictures :i* c\ld 9 no o!r way be af=d$ him1 & he is 9 a position to judge ( 8 g5]al & mass$ effects4 ,at ! same "t ! actors w m readily ent] into ! _s ( ! "w if !y are p]mitt$ to play )\t int]ruption4 ,:]e ! actors =get _! l9es1 !y %\ld be prompt$ )\t o!r delay1 b if !y d any?+ actually wrong1 or if ! director wi%es to make an important *ange1 ! p]=mance mu/1 ( c\rse1 be /opp$ = a mom5t4 ,! numb] ( rehe>sals necess>y = ! production ( a play by amateurs dep5ds l>gely on ! attitude ( ! amateurs !mselves1 & ! am\nt ( "t at _! disposal4 ,x is safe to say t n9ety-n9e out ( a hundr$ su* p]=mances suff] noticeably f ne$ ( rehe>s+4 ,nor is ?is to be wond]$ at1 = ! av]age pr(essional play usually requires f\r or five weeks' rehe>s+--sev5 to eight h\rs daily--= six & sometimes sev5 days 9 ! week6 ,( c\rse1 an amateur is an amateur because he is n a pr(essional1 & he _c af=d v mu* "t = "w :i* is aft] all only a pa/ime4 ,"o o!r po9t %\ld be well borne 9 m9d3 ! av]age amateur has n ! pati5ce ( ! pr(essional4 ,if he is rehe>s$ too long or too /eadily1 he w gr[ /ale1 & lose int]e/ 9 8 "w4 ,/ill1 no full-l5g? play c safely be produc$ ) less ?an f\r weeks' "w1 on an av]age ( five rehe>sals ( ?ree h\rs ea*1 p] week4 7,?is does n include special & individual outside rehe>sals47 ,f\r weeks is ! %orte/ "t t c be all[$1 :ile six or sev5 %\ld be devot$ to x4 ,s mu* "t is n necess>y 9 ord] t ! company may attempt to become pr(essionals2 t w\ld be impossible & n at all advisable4 ,! amateur1 if rightly tra9$1 %\ld be able to imp>t a c]ta9 natural1 naive1 unpr(essional tone to ! "p he is imp]sonat+1 b ?is c only be done by con/ant rehe>s+4 ,! director usually f9ds t ! amateur's fir/ in/9ct is to imitate ! tricks ( ! pr(essional actor1 & n all[ himself to feel ! "* ( ! role4 ,! pr(essional quickly assimilates mann]isms :i* are only too likely to become me*anical1 b :i* ! amateur1 because he is an amateur1 is n likely to le>n1 if at fir/ he is tra9$ to avoid !m4 ,!re is no p>ticul> excuse = pres5t+ plays :i* c be se5 act$ any:]e & any "t by pr(essionals2 amateurs %\ld /rive to produce classics1 or mod]n plays :i* = "o reason or ano!r are n (t5 se51 & imp>t to !m t peculi> flavor :i* *>ms z well z int]e/s & attracts4 ,nor is !re mu* use 9 ! amateur actor's /riv+ to become pr(essional 9 mann]3 he _c hope1 9 ! %ort "t he c sp>e = 8 "w1 to become a good pr(essional2 or1 if he gives signs ( becom+ su*1 !n he no long] belongs 9 amateur dramatics4 ,all[ ! amateur pl5ty ( leeway 9 ! matt] ( int]pretation1 if he has any orig9al ideas ( 8 own2 b ( c\rse ^! mu/ nev] be at v>iance ) ! g5]al idea ( ! play4 ,let him "w out 8 own salvation3 "h lies ! value ( amateur production1 bo? to ! actor & to ! audi5ce4 ,(t5 amateurs are call$ ^u to portray feel+s1 actions1 passions1 ( :i* !y h no k or exp]i5ce4 ,love sc5es1 = in/ance1 are inv>iably difficult4 ,9 ?is case1 ! actors mu/ be taught a few conv5tional ge/ures1 attitudes1 & tricks1 b !y %\ld n be p]mitt$--except 9 r>e cases--to lay mu* /ress on ! act+4 ,?is also applies to su* purely conv5tional matt]s z kiss+1 dy+1 fight+1 etc41 = :i* a set ( recogniz$ te*nical tricks has be5 evolv$4 ,any compet5t director c tra9 actors to d ?is4 ,"o m po9t be=e ?is "p ( rehe>s+ is disp5s$ )3 amateur productions suff] l>gely f a lack ( cont9u\s t5sion & v>iety4 ,(t5 ! action is sl[1 j]ky1 & consequ5tly t$i\s4 ,con/ant rehe>s+1 ) a view to inspir+ great] confid5ce & sur5ess 9 ! actors1 "u a good director1 is ! be/ means to ov]come ^! great drawbacks4 ,! la/ eight or t5 rehe>sals1 aft] ! ca/ are famili> ) _! l9es & bus9ess1 are ! mo/ important 9 ! matt] ( tempo4 ,details ( %ad+1 well-develop$ & modulat$ action1 & a well-def9$ climax1 are :at mu/ be work$ =4 ,:5 ! actors are no long] ?9k+ ( :5 !y mu/ cross or sit d[n or rise1 !y are ready to ent] :ole-he>t$ly into ! _s ( ! play z an arti/ic unit4 ,z an example1 on a small scale1 ( h[ a sc5e may be modulat$ & %ad$1 two pages f ,meilhac & ,halevy's ,indian ,summ] 7publi%$ by ,samuel ,fr5*7 are "h repr9t$ ) m>g9al notes expla9+ h[ ^! effects are obta9$4 ,,adr4 ,j a mom5t ago ,i =got t su* a ?+ 0 out ( ! "q-- ,sl[ly & ,,bri4 ,:y out ( ! "q--8 quietly4 ,,adr4 ,:y1 because-- ,,bri4 ,because :at8 ,h[ mu* did t ,am]ican ,slight increase family pay y8 ,i'll give y twice z mu*--?ree ( times z mu*4 ,:atev] y want6 spe$ & t5sion4 ,,adr4 ,only to read to y8 ,,bri4 ,:y1 yes4 ,,adr4 ,t w\ldn't be s bad--!re's j "o ?+ aga9/ x--x might be j a wee bit compromis+6 ,sl[ly ,,bri4 ,oh6 ris+ t5sion ,,adr4 ,really1 don't y ?9k s8 ,j a bit8 & spe$4 ,,bri4 ,at my age8 ,,adr4 7gaily74 ,oh1 x's all v well--a "y p]son l me--alone ) y4 7,s]i\sly47 ,oh1 if y only didn't live alone--6 ,/accato4 ,,bri4 ,if ,i--8 ,if ,i w]5't alone8 ,,adr4 ,if y only _h "s relatives--m>ri$ relatives--y\r nephew1 = in/ance1 ) 8 wife--!n ,i might-- ,,bri4 ,once m1 don't speak to me (--6 ,he's ! "o t br\ght all ?is tr\ble on u--t lett] t =ces y to--t lett] came f ,emphasis4 him4 7,,adri5ne makes a quick movem5t ( prote/47 ',tisn't 8 fault1 ,i "k1 b ,i hold a grudge aga9/ him z if x 7-- ,mom5t>y ,,adr4 ,& yet1 if ,i told y-- pause4 ,,bri4 7/opp+ h]74 ,%h6 ,if y please4 7,pause47 ,,adr4 7mov$74 ,!n ,i mu/ g4 ,t 0 ! only ,dim9u5do4 way2 & y don't want to d t4 ,i'm sure ,i ,t5se1 don't "k :at w happ5 aft]w>d4 ,i /ill b quiet4 hope--,b = ! mom5t1 ,i mu/ 7,mild access ( cry+74 ,oh ,i'm sorry--s sorry--7,falls into *air at side ( table74 ,,bri4 7excit$ly74 ,adri5ne6 ,slight increase aga94 ,,adr4 7recov]+ ma/]y ov] h]self74 ,i beg y\r p>don--!re6 ,!re6 7,bru%+ away h] te>s74,see1 x's all ov]6 ,,bri4 ,adri5ne6 ,,adr4 7ris+74 ,monsieur6 ,,bri4 ,x's true1 !n1 if !re 7 "s way1 y w\ld--8 ,n ! way ,i m5tion$ j n[--b ano!r--y w\ldn't leave1 w\ld y8 ,y'd ,quickly /ay "h--ne> me--always--& be happy8 increas+ rise4 ,,adr4 7lightly74 ,oh yes1 x's too--,i say x f ! bottom ( my he>t6 ,,bri4 ,v well1 y %an't g4 ,quickly4 ,,adr4 ,i--8 ,,bri4 ,no1 y %an't g4 ,,adr4 ,b--h[8--,:y8 ,,bri4 ,i h f\nd a way6 ,mom5t ( susp5se4 ,,adr4 ,& x is8 ,,bri4 ,to make y my wife6 ,climax4 ,,adr4 7,sits d[n aga91 ov]come74 ,,bri4 ,i'll d x6--,g & speak to y\r ,aunt--,"h6 ,come "h6 7,ent] ,,noel1 "r1 c>ry+ a bundle ( pap]s74 ,come "h6 ,don't be afraid6 ,y may g & get y\r wife4 ,br+ h] "h6 ,i'll =give h] z ,i =give y6 7,%akes h&s w>mly ) ,,noel74 ,high t5sion ,,noel4 ,uncle6 aft] ! ,,bri4 ,y 7 "r--n[ ,i "k x6 ,:at d ,i climax1 c>e if %e is a wat*mak]'s daught]8 ,g & get & prep>atory y\r wife--br+ h] "h--& we'll live toge!r1 to ano!r ! f\r ( u u-- climax lat] on4 ,,noel4 ,all f\r ( u8 ,,bri4 ,yes1 all f\r6 7,to ,,adri5ne74 ,i am go+ to speak to y\r ,aunt--,i'll be back at once4 7,exit ,c5t]74 ,illu/ration3 ,,si/] ,,beatrice ,,( ,,maet]l9ck1 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,! ,,we/]n ,,res]ve ,,college ,,= ,,wom54 ,! simple hang+s produce a good cyclorama effect4 7,c\rtesy ( ,miss ,ida ,treat74 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,rehe>s+ ,,iii ,! dress rehe>sal usually takes place on ! night be=e ! regul> p]=mance4 ,e ef=t mu/ be made on ?is occasion to h conditions1 on ! /age & beh9d x1 z ne>ly z possible l ^? "u :i* ! play is to be giv54 ,sc5]y1 light+1 co/umes1 mu/ all be ready1 & ! p]=mance c>ri$ ?r\gh ) z few int]ruptions z ! director c af=d to make4 ,! director %\ld be 9 ! back ( ! h\se1 & /op ! play]s only :5 !y d some?+ absolutely wrong4 ,x is v unwise to *ange l9es or bus9ess at ?is elev5? h\r4 ,! /age manag] & 8 assi/ants mu/ be 9 _! assign$ places1 ! lights manipulat$1 actors call$1 ! curta9 rung up & d[n on s*$ule4 ,! director wat*es ! g5]al effects1 sees t ! /age is n cr[d$1 t ! lights are 9 ord]1 & above all1 wat*es ! tempo ( ! p]=mance4 ,! actors mu/ be in=m$ t on ! occasion ( ! p]=mance ! audi5ce is likely to di/ract !m by applause1 laught]1 etc41 & t !y1 ! actors1 mu/ pause = a mom5t :5 !re is any su* int]ruption4 ,a little advice z to re/+1 n worry+ ab\t l9es1 etc41 w n be out ( place4 ,besides ! act+ dress rehe>sal1 !re %\ld be a sc5e & light rehe>sal4 ,?is is m]ely = ! assi/ants beh9d ! /age4 ,! diff]5t sc5es 7if !re is m ?an "o7 %\ld be set & /ruck 7tak5 d[n71 furniture & props /ation$1 lights work$1 exactly z !y are to be on ! foll[+ night4 ,ev]y?+ %\ld g accord+ to clockwork1 ! /age manag] hold+ ! book on all 8 assi/ants4 ,! p]=mance %\ld beg9 on "t4 ,e "o kn[s ! irksome delay usually incid5t to amateur p]=mances1 & x ought to be ! object ( e director to rem$y a defect :i* is inh]5t 9 our usual slip%od me?od ( reproduc+ plays4 ,promptness is ! prime requisite ( effici5cy1 & ! production ( plays is successful only :5 ! compon5t elem5ts are organiz$ on a sort ( milit>y basis4 ,! actors mu/ be 9 ! !at] on "t1 & made-up 9 co/ume1 at lea/ half an h\r be=e ! curta9 rises4 ,x is well = ea* actor to see ! prop]ty man & make sure t all ! props necess>y to 8 "p are 9 read9ess4 ,! prop]ty man himself mu/ also *eck up 8 li/ = ! la/ "t1 9 ord] to avoid confusion dur+ ! p]=mance4 ,:5 ev]y?+ is 9 ord]1 !re is little m to be done4 ,! director might make a few g5]al rem>ks to ! ca/1 endeavor to inspire !m ) confid5ce & impress ^u !m ! necessity ( play+ toge!r h>moni\sly1 & s on1 b if 8 "w has be5 well done dur+ rehe>sals1 ?is w n be necess>y4 ,! prompt] mu/ foll[ ! play l9e = l9e & be ready to prompt any actor :o =gets 8 "p4 ,x is well = ! /age manag] to be ne> ! prompt]1 9 ord] t e cue = light+1 bus9ess (f-/age--l r++ bells1 %oot+1 etc4--may be act$ ^u z requir$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,views ,,( ,,! ,,/age ,,at ,,tufts ,,college1 ,,%[+ ,,pl5ty ,,( ,,op5 ,,space ,,= ,,! ,,/or+ ,,& ,,%ift+ ,,( ,,sc5]y4 7,c\rtesy ( ,l4 ,r4 ,lewis74 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,/age ,a great deal m att5tion is be+ direct$--9 ?is c\ntry1 at lea/--to ! improvem5t ( ! physical requirem5ts ( ! /age ?an h]et(ore4 ,dur+ ! pa/ few ye>s1 num]\s writ]s#aj h made a sy/ematic /udy ( !at]s abroad & at home1 & reveal$ ! fact t on ! :ole our !at]s1 bo? be=e & beh9d ! curta91 are antiquat$1 ill-equipp$1 & fall f> %ort ( ! inf9ite possibilities :i* h be5 made realiz$ 9 c]ta9 cities ( ,g]many & ,russia4 #aj ,hiram ,kelly ,mod]well1 9 8 ,! ,!atre ( ,to-day 7,lane71 & ,%eldon ,*5ey1 9 8 ,! ,mod]n ,movem5t 9 ! ,!atre 7,k5n]ley71 h r5d]$ signal s]vice 9 ?is field4 ,! fir/ book conta9s a ?or\ghly sy/ematic acc\nt ( practically all ! new !atrical exp]im5ts4 ,revolution>y exp]im5ts 9 light+1 z well z 9 ! disposition ( /age sett+s1 h1 dur+ ! pa/ t5 or twelve ye>s1 op5$ up fields =m]ly undream$ (4 ,x is n ! purpose ( ?is *apt] to describe at great l5g? ^! innovations2 ! read] is ref]r$ to ! books ( ,mod]well & ,*5ey m5tion$ 9 ! footnote above4 ,a few elem5t>y sugge/ions1 h[ev]1 :i* may be us$ by skill$ & intellig5t amateurs1 w prove sugge/ive to ! av]age director & /age manag]4 ,x is likely t by f> ! great] numb] ( amateur plays w be p]=m$ on a /age :i* is already built & equipp$4 ,9 su* cases1 all ! /age manag] c d is to use 8 own sc5]y & at lea/ h a voice 9 ! matt] ( light+4 ,/ill1 _m plays are p]=m$ on improvis$ /ages1 9 private homes1 clubs1 or s*oolrooms1 or out-(-doors4 ,?is all[s ! /age manag] a little m leeway1 & (t5 he may modify ! size ( ! /age to suit himself1 & introduce "s innovations ( 8 own4 ,to ^? :o are 9 a position ei!r to build or tempor>ily con/ruct _! own /ages1 ?is *apt] is prim>ily address$4 ,we %all n[ proce$ to a consid]ation ( a few ( ! m important innovations on ! mod]n /age4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is und\bt$ly3 ,! ,cyclorama4 ,?is is a :ite or t9t$ back+ = ! /age1 built 9 ! =m ( a segm5t ( a v]tical cyl9d]4 ,x may be con/ruct$ ( canvas or ( solid pla/]4444 ,n[1 if made ( canvas1 x is m usually kept1 :5 n 9 use1 on a v]tical roll]1 at "o side ( ! /age1 ne> ! front1 & c>ri$ ar\nd beh9d ! /age1 unroll+ f its cyl9d] ! :ile1 until x connects ) a simil> cyl9d] at ! opposite side ( ! /age4 ,x hangs f a circul> iron rail1 & almo/ completely encloses ! /age1 ris+ to ! requir$ di/ance4444 ,x c be roll$ up on its orig9al cyl9d] :5 x is n ne$$1 leav+ ! /age once m approa*able f all sides4444 ,! *ief uses ( ! cyclorama are evid5t4 ,x pres5ts a cont9u\s dead :ite or t9t$ backgr\nd1 :i*1 :5 play$ ^u by ! prop] lights1 gives a /rik+ illusion ( dep? & lum9\s atmosph]e4444 ,b p]haps ! *ief value ( ! cyclorama1 f ! /&po9t ( ! /age arti/1 has n yet be5 m5tion$4 ,= ! new device *anges altoge!r ! problem ( light+4 ,ord9>y sunlight is1 z we "k1 n a direct light1 b an inf9itely reflect$ light1 b&i$ ab\t by ! p>ticles ( air & by ! ord9>y physical objects on :i* x /rikes4 ,! mell[ness & int]nal lum9osity ( ord9>y sunlight is :olly due to ?is inf9ite reflection4 ,x 0 ! lack ( ?is t made ! old /age light+1 ) its blaz+ direct artificial gl>e1 s unreal4 ,! cyclorama1 & especially ! dome cyclorama1 p]mits ! /age to be light$ l>gely or :olly by crisscross+ reflection4 ,! mell[ & subtle light+ :i* makes x possible 0 altoge!r unkn[n "u ! old] me?ods4#aa #aa ,mod]well's ,! ,!atre ( ,to-day4 ,john ,lane ,company4 ,! con/ruction ( a cyclorama1 ei!r ( clo? or ( pla/]1 is r difficult1 b !re are c]ta9 simple sub/itutes :i* may be us$ to secure "s ( its elem5t>y effects4 ,! foll[+ sy/em has be5 us$ by "s amateurs ) signal success4 ,fir/ take a wood5 rod1 or bett]1 iron pipes1 curv$ to ! desir$ %ape4 ,fa/5 ?is framework ei!r to ! ceil+ ( ! l(t or1 if t is too high1 to ! w+s4 ,on ! rod hang curta9s ( burlap1 or "s simil> mat]ial1 or else two or ?ree ?icknesses ( *eeseclo?1 s t !y fall 9 simple folds4 ,! color w dep5d on ! sort ( play to be produc$ & ! k9d ( lights us$4 ,z a rule1 d>k tan1 gre51 or d>k r$ are ! be/ colors1 & c be us$ on _m occasions & = ne>ly e sort ( play4 ,:e!r ! cyclorama ?us improvis$ be p]man5t or tempor>y1 ?is is "o ( ! be/ possible backgr\nds4 ,9 out-(-door sc5es1 x gives a sugge/ion ( di/ance4 ,illu/ration ,9 ,con/ance ,d',arcy ,mackay's book on ,co/umes & ,sc5]y = ,amateurs ! au?or describes h[ a des]t & oasis sc5e c be made f ! simple/ means3 ,a pla9 s&-color$ floor clo?4 ,a backdrop or cyclorama ( sky-blue aga9/ :i* v l[ s& m\nds appe>+ z if at great di/ance1 ) palm trees1 also made small by di/ance4 ,^! m\nds & palm trees %\ld be pa9t$ l[ on ! backdrop1 s9ce a va/ /ret* ( level s& is :at is to be sugge/$4 ,x w\ld ev5 be possible to use a pla9 blue sky drop1 & run "s s&-color$ cambric into m\nds across ! back ( ! /age1 s z to break ! sky l9e4 ,x is n necess>y1 ?\gh1 to pa9t ! cyclorama3 d>k] clo?1 made to repres5t m\nds1 ?r[n across ! l[] "p ( ! cyclorama1 w\ld be equally effective4 ,fur!r examples ( :at c be done ) ! cyclorama w be cit$ 9 ! *apt] on ,light+4 ,ano!r ( ! rec5t innovations :i* is ( p>ticul> value to amateurs is ! sy/em by :i* ! prosc5ium op5+ c be made l>ge or small1 accord+ to ! dem&s ( ! play4 ,usually ! prosc5ium looks l ! foll[+ diagram4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,ord9>y ,,box-,,set4 ,,f ,,dumas ,,fils' ,,! ,,money ,,"q1 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,tufts ,,college4 7,c\rtesy ( ,l4 ,r4 ,lewis74 ,suppose "o sc5e ( a play calls = a l>ge c\rtroom fill$ ) p4 ,obvi\sly1 all ! /age space is requir$4 ,b suppose t ! next sc5e is a small ante*amb]4 ,on ! av]age /age ! discrepancy is at once obs]v$1 & ! effect is m ?an likely ridicul\s4 ,ev5 if ! sets us$ are box sets 7t is1 ) ?ree walls & n m]e conv5tional scre5s or curta9s71 ! effect ( great size c easily be obta9$ 9 ! fir/ sc5e1 & smallness 9 ! second1 by means ( ! device ab\t to be describ$4 ,?is applies1 ( c\rse1 to plays :]e ! same set mu/ be us$ = bo? sc5es4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a diff]5t set is us$ = ! ante*amb] sc5e1 ! new device is imp]ative4 ,illu/ration ,fir/1 con/ruct two tall scre5s 7on a wood5 framework71 made ei!r ( pa9t$ canvas or drap$ clo?1 ( "s d>k & subdu$ tone1 & place !m on ea* side ( ! /age1 j beh9d ! prosc5ium ar*1 z 9 ! diagram3 ,illu/ration ,^! scre5s c be easily set clos] to ! c5t] ( ! /age1 !reby dim9i%+ its size on ! sides4 ,!n ! gr& drap]y above1 :i* hangs d[n f beh9d ! top ( ! prosc5ium ar*1 & :i* %\ld be ( ! same color & mat]ial z ! side scre5s1 is l[]$4 ,?is process makes1 f ! inside1 a small] prosc5ium ar*4 ,_m ( ! ,g]man & "s o!r /ages h add$ a f\r? side to ?is frame1 by box+ ! footlights3 ,illu/ration ,?is la/1 besides giv+ ! effect ( a deta*$ picture to ! set1 prev5ts ! direct rays ( ! footlights1 :5 !y are us$1 f %9+ up into ! gall]y4 ,to return to ! small] sc5e made by ! inn] prosc5ium ar*1 x w readily be se5 t ! cyclorama--if !re is "o--or back wall ( ! set1 or else ! curta91 mu/ usually be br\ght =w>d a little4 ,! advantage ( ! inn] prosc5ium becomes app>5t :5 su* a play z ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice is p]=m$1 & ! absurdity ( us+ a /age ( ! same size = ! ,portia-,n]issa sc5e 9 ! fir/ act & ! casket sc5e1 is =cibly br\ght to our att5tion4 ,! ,revolv+ ,/age & ,! ,wagon ,/age4 ,^! are fully describ$ 9 ! books :i* h be5 ref]r$ to4 ,!y are bo? extremely valuable1 b z yet too complicat$ & exp5sive to be s]i\sly consid]$ = amateurs4 ,! introduction ( simpl] sc5]y & simpl] light+ does away ) mu* t 0 difficult to manage "u ! old sy/em1 & a few well-tra9$ amateurs %\ld be able to set & att5d to almo/ any production )\t hav+ rec\rse to ! revolv+ /age & ! wagons4 ,z mu* space z possible %\ld be kept cle> beh9d ! curta92 occasions are likely to arise :5 ! entire /age may be us$1 & manipulation ( sc5]y on a full /age is a difficult task4 ,a few sugge/ions z to light+ & its relation to sc5]y & color & action w be set =? 9 ! next *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,light+ ,x has be5 rightly urg$ t rec5t inv5tions & discov]ies 9 light+ con/itute ! greate/ contribution to ! mod]n art ( ! !at]4 ,?is manual is int5d$ prim>ily to help ! produc] & ! actor1 b ! pres5t %ort *apt] may assi/ ! =m] or 8 associates 9 _! ef=t to improve ! physical conditions ( ! /age4 ,! preval5t sy/em ( us+ footlights & bord] lights is on ! :ole bad1 because x is false1 unnatural1 & above all unnecess>y4 ,says ,mod]well 7pages #ajg-ajh1 9 ,! ,!atre ( ,to-day73 ,be=e we c beg9 "w 9 arti/ic light+ we mu/ d "s de/roy+4 ,"o elem5t 9 ! old light+ mu/ g1 & g completely4 ,we c say ?is ) c>eless ease n[ t ! ,=tuny sy/em has giv5 u a bett] way4 ,b ev5 be=e ?is inv5tion 0 made kn[n1 ! case aga9/ ! footlights mu/ h be5 obvi\s to any s5sitive man ( ! !atre2 t ! 'foots' cont9u$ z long z !y did indicates ! /agnation ( ! old !atre 9 all b purely lit]>y art4 ,illu/ration3 ,f ,! ,ar*itectural ,review4 ,,op]ation ,,( ,,! ,,=tuny ,,indirect ,,light+ ,,sy/em4 ,! footlights1 ) _! correspond+ bord] lights f above1 give a flat illum9ation4 ,!y make figures visible1 b n liv+2 !y de/roy t mo/ preci\s quality ( ! sculptor1 relief4444 ,x is ! %ad[s1 ! nooks & crannies ( light & %ade1 t %[ a figure to be solid & pla/ic4 ,! ,=tuny sy/em m5tion$ is a device by :i* light is reflect$ & diffus$3 ,an arc-lamp & sev]al pieces ( clo? ( v>i\s col\rs--^! comprise ! ,=tuny app>atus 9 its simple/ =m4 ,:ile only an exp]t electrician &1 if ! effects are to be arti/ic1 an arti/1 c erect & manipulate a sy/em built on ,=tuny's pr9ciples1 /ill amateur electricians & directors %\ld d _! be/1 by means ( exp]im5tation1 to use indirect light+4 ,j h[ ?is c be done mu/ re/ ) individuals1 b two or ?ree exp]im5ts may be briefly describ$4 ,suppose t ! cyclorama1 or ! hang+s mask+ ! back ( ! /age1 are made ( :ite or light-color$ clo?4 ,9 ?is case1 an arc lamp or ord9>y calcium light c be plac$ up 9 ! l(t1 above ! top ( ! cyclorama1 & beh9d x4 ,a little exp]im5t+ w reveal _m /rik+ light effects4 ,if "o light or lamp is n suffici5t1 o!rs c be plac$ 9 v>i\s positions to re5=ce x4 ,z conditions v>y s greatly1 x is impossible to supply m concise directions4 ,:]e box sets are us$ 9 :i* !re is at lea/ "o w9d[1 & provid$ ! sc5e does n take place at night1 x is mu* bett] to h all1 or at lea/ an appreciable portion ( ! light come 9 ?r\gh "o w9d[4 ,9 ! second act ( ,*>les ,kle9's ,! ,music ,ma/] play$ by ,david ,w>field & produc$ by ,david ,belasco1 ! /age 0 at "o "t brilliantly light$1 suppos$ly by sun%9e f ! outside1 f ! two opposite sides ( ! /age6 ,if1 h[ev]1 scre5s & curta9s are us$ 7see *apt] on ,sc5]y & ,co/umes71 !n x is be/ to introduce "s sort ( c5tral reflect$ light4 ,to /ation lights on all sides ( ! /age w fir/ ( all make ! /age too bright1 & fur!rmore produce unnatural & di/ort$ %ad[s3 !re is no *ance = effects ( relief or any illusion ( pla/icity4 ,if possible1 ! footlights %\ld be entirely elim9at$2 if n1 !n mo/ sp>+ly us$4 ,our /ages are = ! mo/ "p ov]light$4 ,! production ( ,lady ,gregory's ,! ,ris+ ( ! ,moon by ! ,iri% ,play]s 0 "o ( ! simple/ & at ! same "t mo/ effective ( /age pictures4 ,! foll[+ diagram w %[ 9 a r\gh way ! g5]al disposition ( ! sett+s3 ,illu/ration ,! back ( ! /age 7! %ad$ area7 0 flood$ ) :ite light to sugge/ moonlight4 ,!re 7 no foots or bord]s2 any?+ besides ! s+le light w\ld h ru9$ ! effect ( p]fect placidity4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,sc5]y ,,& ,,co/umes ,v little ne$ be said reg>d+ ! usual conv5tional sets1 :e!r !y repres5t int]iors or ext]iors4 ,! purpose ( ?is *apt] is 7#a7 to sugge/ simple b effective means ( /ag+ )\t us+ ! conv5tional sets1 & 7#b7 to lay d[n a few pr9ciples z to co/um+4 ,by means ( ! simple devices ab\t to be describ$1 ! amateur is enabl$ to d )\t box sets & all ! p>aph]nalia ( ! old /age4 ,! t5d5cy n[adays is away f naturalism 9 sett+2 ! aim is r to supply simple b beautiful backgr\nds ) z little obvi\s ef=t z possible2 to sugge/ r ?an to repres5t4 ,:5 ! ^w conv5tional is us$ x is int5d$ to convey ! mean+ n ( old & hackney$1 b ( simple1 sugge/ive4 ,be>dsley's draw+s are conv5tional because attitudes & l9es are conv5tionaliz$4 ,9 ! ma91 !re are ?ree sorts ( sett+ :i* may be us$ = practically all k9ds ( plays4 ,!y h be5 successfully tri$ out on num]\s occasions1 & few plays h be5 f\nd :i* _c fit at lea/ "o ( !m4 #a4 ,! fir/ & simple/ ( !m all consi/s ( drap]ies & tall scre5s4 ,! ,greek classics & ,%akespe>e are p>ticul>ly effective ) ?is sort ( backgr\nd4 ,:]e ,greek plays are giv51 a p]i/yle ( wood5 pill>s up-/age1 beh9d :i* may be hung :ite or t9t$ curta9s1 is especially desirable4 ,any ,greek1 & mo/ ,lat9 plays1 c be produc$ ) ?is sett+4 ,(t5 su* plays are giv5 9 ! op54 ,if ! p]=mance takes place 9 ! daylight1 !re is no difficulty z to artificial light+2 b if x is at night1 !n a flood-light mu/ cov] ! /age4 ,?is is plac$ t[>d ! back1 or else beh9d ! audi5ce4 ,%akespe>e is se5 at 8 be/ ) ! simple backgr\nd4 ,a sort ( cyclorama may be con/ruct$ by us+ curta9s hung at ! back ( ! /age1 ^u :i* is ?r[n light f "o place3 beh9d ! prosc5ium ar*1 f above1 or f "o ( ! sides4 ,suppose t ,! ,com$y ( ,errors is ! play to be p]=m$4 ,! fir/ sc5e ( ! fir/ act is ,a hall 9 ! ,duke's palace4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 %\ld be pr9t$ on ! program1 b on ! /age all t is ne$$ is a sugge/ion or two1 l a gild$ *air1 & a pa9t$ :ite b5* or two4 ,^! are n ne$$ 9 ! action1 b !y s]ve to create an atmosph]e4 ,! second sc5e is ,a public place4 ,absolutely no props or furniture are ne$$2 inde$1 _! v abs5ce indicates ! place4 ,! fir/ sc5e ( ! second act is ! same4 ,! curta9s ar\nd ! /age mu/ be made 9 sections1 9 ord] to all[ ! actors to ent] & exit ?r\gh !m4 ,! l9es are always suffici5t to indicate :]e a p]son is com+ f or go+ to4 ,9 ! fir/ sc5e ( ! ?ird act1 ,dromio ( ,syracuse says3 ,,dro4 ,s4 7)974 ,mome1 malt-horse1 capon1 coxcomb1 idiot1 pat*6 ,ei!r get !e f ! door1 or sit d[n at ! hat*3 ,do/ ?\ conjure = w5*es1 t ?\ call'/ = su* /ore1 ,:5 "o is "o too _m8 ,g1 get !e f ! door4 ,a h\se is evid5tly int5d$ to be repres5t$1 b x is n necess>y t we see x3 ,dromio ( ,syracuse c speak f beh9d ! curta94 ,! conv5tion w readily be accept$4 ,nor is x necess>y to diff]5tiate ! v>i\s public places1 except = ! sake ( v>iety3 p]haps a b5* or two n[ & !n w accompli% ?is purpose4 ,& :51 9 ! fir/ sc5e ( ! fif? act1 ! public place is be=e an abbey1 /ill !re is no ne$ ( any def9ite set pieces4 ,f "t to "t1 d\btless "s special article ( furniture or set piece ( "s k9d w be m5tion$ 9 ! text1 n else:]e1 9 :i* case x c easily be suppli$4 ,?is ,%akespe>e-)\t-sc5]y is n ! only me?od by :i* ,%akespe>e c be p]=m$1 b x is ! easie/ &1 if done ) ta/e1 ! mo/ effective4 ,let u n[ take r a m difficult play1 ,twelf? ,night4 ,! fir/ sc5e ( ! fir/ act is ,an ap>tm5t 9 ! ,duke's palace4 ,! ,duke sits on a sort ( ?rone or s(a4 ,9 ,max ,re9h>dt's production ( ?is play at ! ,deuts*es ,!at] 9 ,b]l91 ! set consi/$ simply ( a semicircul> l\nge ext5d+ all ! way across ! /age4 ,x 0 cov]$ ) d>k blue plu%2 ! hang+s 7 ( ! same color4 ,a w>m yell[ light direct$ f above flood$ ! /age4 ,ei!r a ?rone or s(a = ! ,duke1 !n1 & a few o!r *airs = ! rema9+ *>act]s1 :o sit d[n--! musicians /&--or else1 foll[+ ,re9h>dt1 a semicircul> l\nge4 ,?is is all4 ,! second sc5e is ,! seacoa/4 ,! /age is b>e "h4 ,! ?ird sc5e is ,a room 9 ,olivia's h\se4 ,diff]5t *airs or s(as & a ?rone = ,olivia4 ,! foll[+ sc5e is ! same z sc5e "o4 ,! fir/ sc5e ( ! second act is ! seacoa/ once m4 ,! next is ,a /reet4 ,no furniture4 ,! ?ird sc5e is ,a room 9 ,olivia's h\se2 evid5tly n ! same z t 9 :i* ,olivia fir/ appe>$4 ,! room is probably 9 or ne> ! w9e cell>4 ,a table1 !re=e1 & ?ree or f\r *airs1 w n be amiss4 ,! next is ! same z 9 act "o1 sc5e "o4 ,! fif? sc5e ( ! second act is ,olivia's g>d54 ,"h ! /age bus9ess requires a few def9itely plac$ %rubs & a b5* or two4 ,! be/ arrangem5t ( ?is sc5e is sugge/$ 9 ! diagram3 ,illu/ration ,malvolio comes d[n-/age ,c5t]1 :ile ! o!rs are hid+ beh9d "o ( ! b5*es1 ei!r ,left or ,"r4 ,^! b5*es1 z indicat$ 9 ! diagram1 are p>tially conceal$ by %rubs4 ,baytrees1 plant$ 9 gre5-pa9t$ tubs1 make especially good decorations4 ,!y c be us$ on _m occasions1 z w be %[n lat]4 ,nor1 9 ! case ( ! sc5e f ,twelf? ,night1 are !y s high z to conceal ! actors :o are suppos$ to be hidd5 beh9d !m4 ,! foll[+ sc5e is ! same4 ,! second sc5e ( ! ?ird act is ! cell> room aga94 ,foll[+ ?is is ,a /reet2 !n ,olivia's g>d5 once m4 ,! next new sc5e is ! fir/ ( ! f\r? act3 ,a /reet be=e ,olivia's g>d54 ,p]haps a little v>iety c be introduc$ 9 ! %ape ( a %rub or two4 ,! rema9+ sc5es are repetitions ( ^? already consid]$4 ,! sugge/ions above giv5 are extremely summ>y1 b1 if act$ ^u1 w be se5 to prove suffici5t4 #b4 ,out-(-door sc5es ( a m elaborate "*1 9 plays l ,ro/&'s ,! ,romanc]s1 (t5 require m complicat$ sets2 !y may /ill be produc$ ) ! mo/ elem5t>y sort ( backgr\nd1 h[ev]4 ,! /age directions ( ?is play are z foll[s3 ,,sc5e3 ,! /age is divid$ by an old wall1 cov]$ ) v9es & fl[]s4 ,at ! "r1 a corn] ( ,,b]gam9',s p>k is se52 at ! left1 a corn] ( ,,pasqu9ot',s4 ,on ea* side ( ! wall1 & aga9/ x1 is a ru/ic b5*4 ,?is is set 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,illu/ration ,! backgr\nd hang+s may be ( tan burlap or else d>k gre54 ,gaps1 cov]$ by ! folds1 mu/ be made up- & d[n-/age to all[ ! actors to ent] & leave ! /age4 ,! wall mu/ be con/ruct$ ( solid wood1 9 ord] to support ! actors1 & pa9t$ to sugge/ bricks4 ,!re is a ru/ic b5* aga9/ ea* side ( ! wall4 ,?\gh !y are n m5tion$ 9 ^! prelim9>y directions1 !re are o!r ru/ic b5*es1 d[n-/age to ! extreme "r & left4 ,^! are us$ lat] 9 ! act4 ,9 ! second act1 ! wall has disappe>$4 ,! b5*es :i* 7 =m]ly aga9/ x1 are remov$ to ! extreme "r & left4 ,! extra b5*es m5tion$ 9 ! fir/ act h ( c\rse be5 remov$4 ,!re are a few extra pots ( fl[]s & two or ?ree pla/] /atues4 ,to ! "r is a small g>d5 table1 ) *airs ab\t x4 ,?is sc5e is set z foll[s3 ,illu/ration ,! ?ird act /age directions are3 ,! sc5e is ! same except t ! wall is be+ rebuilt4 ,bricks & sacks ( pla/] lie ab\t4 ,a few bricks may s]ve to indicate ! p>tly f9i%$ wall4 ,s9ce ! sc5e ( ?is play is laid at fir/ 9 p>ks1 !re ought to be "s sugge/ion z to ?is fact4 ,"h bay- or box-trees c be us$4 ,p]haps ?ree or f\r %\ld be arrang$ m or less symmetrically at ! back ( ! /age1 & z _m to ! "r & left1 d[n-/age4 ,"o or two c be add$1 close to ! wall4 ,?is is all t is absolutely necess>y4 ,! =ego+ rem>ks h be5 appli$ l>gely to romantic plays1 b :at is to be done 9 mod]n reali/ic pieces8 ,!re are two c\rses op51 besides ! conv5tional "o 7us+ box sets73 ,! fir/ me?od is to use ! regul> hang+s z be=e & set a few ne$ful articles ( furniture ab\t ! /age4 ,?is is n reali/ic1 b !re are _m reali/ic plays :i* c be produc$ )\t correspond+ly reali/ic sett+s4 ,( c\rse1 :]e w9d[s are ref]r$ to & us$1 !re mu/ be real w9d[s1 & :]e a "* is direct$ to hang a picture on a wall1 !re mu/ be a wall4 ,h[ev]1 !re are _m reali/ic plays :]e box sets are n requir$4 ,h]mann ,sud]mann's ,! ,f>-away ,pr9cess is a case 9 "q4 ,! au?or has def9itely sugge/$ a c]ta9 sett+ = ! play1 b z 8 sugge/ions are n absolutely ess5tial !y may be modifi$4 ,! directions are3 ,! v]&a ( an inn4 ,! "r side ( ! /age & half ( ! backgr\nd repres5t a framework ( glass enclos+ ! v]&a4 ,! left side & ! o!r half ( ! backgr\nd repres5t ! /one walls ( ! h\se4 ,to ! left1 9 ! =egr\nd1 a door2 ano!r door 9 ! backgr\nd1 at ! left4 ,on ! left1 back1 a buffet & s]v+ table4 ,neat little tables & small iron *airs = visitors are plac$ ab\t ! v]&a4 ,on ! "r1 9 ! c5tre1 a l>ge telescope1 /&+ on a tripod1 is direct$ ?r\gh an op5 w9d[4 ,,rosa1 dress$ 9 ! co/ume ( ! c\ntry1 is arrang+ fl[]s on ! small tables4 ,,frau ,,l9demann1 a h&some1 /\ti% woman 9 ! ?irties1 hurries 9 excit$ly f ! left4 ,if ! dramati/'s /age directions are implicitly foll[$1 a reali/ic set w be requir$4 ,! sc5e z set accord+ to ! diagram1 has1 h[ev]1 (t5 be5 us$3 ,illu/ration ,once m1 ! little %rubs may be us$ 9 ord] to give an atmosph]e ( outdoors4 ,or1 to take an example ( a mod]n-int]ior play 9 :i* ! same conv5tionaliz$ sc5]y may be us$ to advantage--,alfr$ ,capus' ,brignol & 8 ,daught] 7publi%$ by ,fr5*7 is set z foll[s3 ,,sc5e3 ,an (fice1 fitt$ up ) v>i\s articles ( p>lor furniture--r pret5ti\s 9 appe>ance4 ,to ! "r1 a table ) lett]-files1 & a safe2 beside ! safe1 a book%elf4 ,at ! back is ! ma9 entrance2 !re are o!r doors1 "r & left1 "o op5+ ^u a b$-room1 ! o!r ^u ! p>lor4 ,"h ! sett+ is s usual1 s conv5tional1 t no actual room is requir$3 m]ely ! table1 *airs1 safe1 etc41 z call$ =4 ,( c\rse1 x is n imp]ative t su* plays %\ld be set 9 ?is mann]3 ! arrangem5t ) scre5s ab\t to be describ$ is usually ! be/ way4 ,! po9t "h to be impress$ is t reali/ic sets are n always requir$ = reali/ic plays4 #c4 ,by ! introduction ( scre5s--n to be confus$ ) ! l>ge scre5s m5tion$ by ,gordon ,craig1 h[ev]--practically any reali/ic play c be produc$4 ,! diagram bel[ w af=d "s idea ( ! v simple pr9ciple3 ,illu/ration ,?ree scre5s1 ab\t sev5 feet high1 made 9 ?ree sections1 & cov]$ ) burlap or "s simil> mat]ial1 are all t w usually be requir$ on a mod]ately small /age4 ,^! c be set 9 v>i\s ways4 ,if an ord9>y room is call$ =1 !y may be set z 9 ! above diagram4 ,brignol & 8 ,daught] may be /ag$ by us+ ?ree scre5s 7z 9 ! diagram above73 ! op5+ at ! back is ! c5t] door2 ! doors on ! "r & left are ! op5+s left betwe5 ! l[] ends ( ! side scre5s & ! inside ( ! prosc5ium ar*4 ,! furniture is set 9 ?is sc5e z x is requir$ 9 ! /age directions4 ,if ! prosc5ium op5+ is too l>ge1 !n ! gr& drap]y c be l[]$ to )9 two or ?ree feet ( ! top ( ! scre5s1 & ! side scre5s1 beh9d ! sides ( ! prosc5ium ar*1 br\ght clos] toge!r4 ,beh9d ! scre5s repres5t+ ! room1 burlap or a suitable sub/itute may be hung4 ,to take concrete examples once m1 ! sett+ ( ! fir/ act ( ,a ,scrap ( ,pap] 7! adaptation by ,j4 ,palgrave ,simpson7 is ?us describ$ 9 ! text3 ,draw+-room 9 a ,fr5* c\ntry h\se4 ,w9d[s to ! floor1 ,r4,c4 ,"r ,c5t] & ,l4,c4 ,left ,c5t]1 at back1 look+ out on g>d5s & p>k4 ,! w9d[ ,l4,c4 is at fir/ clos$ 9 ) b>r$ ,v5etian %utt]s4 ,! w9d[ ,r4,c4 op5s on ! g>d54 ,fireplace1 ,c4 ,c5t] betwe5 ! w9d[s1 surm\nt$ by a mirror4 ,on ea* side ( ! mirror is a bracket1 )9 rea* ( ! h&2 ! "o ,r4 support+ a /atuette ( ,,flora1 ! o!r1 ,l41 empty4 ,doors1 ,r4 #b ,e ,see diagram & ,l4 #b ,e4 ,s(as ,r4 & ,l4 up-/age4 ,at ,c4 ( /age is a r\nd table1 ) a lamp1 & an embroid]y frame1 a book & o!r objects scatt]$ ^u x 9 great disord]4 ,*airs ,r4 & ,l4 ( table4 ,arm *airs ,r4,c4 & ,l4,c41 d[n/age4 ,! furniture is to be ri* b old-fa%ion$1 & a little worn4 ,c>pet d[n4 ,five scre5s are "h requir$3 "o at ! back1 beh9d ! fireplace2 & two on ea* side ( ! /age4 ,only two ( ! ?ree fold+ sections ( ea* are us$4 ,illu/ration ,! fireplace mu/ be practical--t is1 x mu/ h a wood5 framework4 ,9 case a mirror is desir$1 x c be l[] ?an a mirror usually is1 & made ( mosquito nett+1 to avoid reflections4 ,a v few pictures may be hung on ! scre5s4 ,! hang+s at ! back ( ! /age--mask+ ! b>e walls--are ( ! same sort z h be5 describ$ be=e1 b ! color ( ! scre5s mu/ h>monize ) !m4 ,) su* a backgr\nd1 & by means ( scre5s1 %rubs1 & a few necess>y set pieces1 l ! wall 9 ! ,ro/& play1 ! au?or has se5 a doz5 widely diff]5t plays produc$ by amateurs1 9 n "o ( :i* 0 ! slighte/ noticeable discrepancy or any?+ t w\ld %ock ev5 ! !at]go] :o is accu/om$ to ! elaborate & (t5 unnecess>y sett+s ( ,david ,belasco4 ,z may be easily imag9$1 ! possibilities ( v>iation ^u ^! simple sett+s are inf9ite4 ,exp]im5tation1 z always1 w reveal new fields4 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e clos+ ! *apt]1 a ^w may be said ( ! flat backgr\nd ne> ! curta9 l9e4 ,ab\t f\r or five feet beh9d ! curta9 l9e--i4e4 ! place :]e ! curta9 falls to ! /age--hang a drop1 ei!r ( burlap1 or else a :ite drop l t us$ 9 /]eopticon lectures4 ,?is1 ei!r play$ ^u by lights 9 ! h\se1 or f beh9d ! /age1 =ms a /rik+ backgr\nd = sc5es ( pantomime1 a /reet--z 9 ,twelf? ,night--a wall1 a =e/1 almo/ any?+4 ,su* a scre5 0 mo/ effectively us$ 9 "o sc5e ( ,re9h>dt's production ( ,sumurun4 ,a /ill m /rik+ effect 0 a*iev$ 9 a p]=mance ( ,pe] ,gynt at ! ,less+ ,!at] 9 ,b]l94 ,! sc5e 0 ! "o 9 :i* ,pe] ,gynt is be=e ! pyramid 9 ,egypt4 ,ab\t five feet beh9d ! curta9 l9e a :ite scre5 0 dropp$4 ,diagonally across ?is scre5 0 ?r[n a d>k purple light1 :ile ov] ! rema9+ space a saffron yell[ play$4 ,t 0 all1 b ! sugge/ion ( ! va/ %ad[ ( ! pyramid & ! yell[ sunlight & ! yell[ s&s ( ,egypt 0 f> m impressive ?an any repres5tation ( ! pyramid & des]t c\ld be4 ,9 case ! effect ( a di/ant city is desir$1 !n ano!r 7d>k] & ?ick]7 clo?1 cut to repres5t ! outl9es ( build+s & ! l1 c be sew$ aga9/ ! drop1 ?us produc+ ! effect ( a silh\ette4 ,9 f9e1 ! :ole problem ( /ag+ resolves itself into ?is3 a*ieve y\r effects 9 z simple a way z possible2 sugge/1 d n try to repres5t2 sc5]y1 :i* ought inde$ to be a delight to ! eye1 is aft] all only backgr\nd4 ,exp]im5t1 b nev] hesitate to ask ! advice ( ^? :o "k ! basic pr9ciples ( color1 l9e1 & =m1 z well z ^? :o h te*nical k ( e bran* ( ! art & craft ( ! !at]4 ,co/umes4 ,9 8 introductory rem>ks to ,! ,romanc]s1 ,ro/& says t ! action may take place any:]e1 provid$ ! co/umes are pretty4 ,?is is ! basis ( ! few brief rem>ks to be made "h on ! subject ( co/umes4 ,x mu/ n be conclud$1 h[ev]1 t any co/umes may be us$ on any occasion4 ,a mod]n play mu/ h mod]n co/umes--except 9 su* plays z ,! ,blue ,bird & ,*antecl]--& a p]iod play mu/ at lea/ approximate 9 _s ! age 9 :i* ! action transpires4 ,b x makes little diff]5ce :e!r ,hamlet we>s a t5? or elev5? c5tury ,dani% co/ume1 or "o ( ! age ( ,elizabe?4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact t 9 ,%akespe>e's days !re 0 little or no reg>d = hi/orical accuracy 9 co/umes1 & t ev5 9 ! hi/orical plays ! actors wore contempor>y clo!s4 ,! po9t to be impress$ is n t we %\ld play ,julius ,caes> 9 dress clo!s1 b t su* discrepancies z 7 all[$ 9 ,elizabe?an days c\ld n h made v mu* diff]5ce1 & t n[adays x is n wor? :ile to sp5d too mu* "t ov] details4 ,9 ,greek plays x is well to use ,greek co/umes1 because we h long be5 accu/om$ to associate "s sort ( ar*eological detail ) plays ( a c]ta9 age2 & besides1 ,greek co/umes are beautiful4 ,b1 & ?is is ( great importance1 d n /rive to be hi/orically exact3 s long z co/umes are beautiful & h>monize ) ! sett+1 & s long z !y are n absurd or too mu* out ( h>mony ) ! play1 !y are good4 ,!re are num]\s exceptions4 ,:]e a play def9itely calls = a di/9ct atmosph]ic sett+--l ,b5nett & ,knoblau*'s ,mile/ones--!n ! utmo/ ef=t mu/ be made to obta9 correct co/umes & sett+4 ,b ! reason :y ! fir/ act ( ?is play requires hi/orical accuracy is t ! audi5ce kn[s v well :at mid-,victorian clo!s are l4 ,if ! play 7 giv5 9 ! ye> #bejj ,a4,d41 x is safe to say t ,elizabe?an or ,que5 ,anne co/umes might d j z well4 ,h[ev]1 hi/orical accuracy1 :5 x c be obta9$ z easily z n1 is nev] sup]flu\s4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,views ,,( ,,! ,,/age ,,at ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,nor? ,,dakota4 7,c\rtesy ( ,fr$]ick ,h4 ,ko*74 ,,*apt] ,x ,,selective ,,li/s ,,( ,,amateur ,,plays ,! foll[+ li/s1 :i* d n pret5d to complet5ess1 w at lea/ be f\nd helpful 9 assi/+ amateur organizations to *oose wor?-:ile plays4 ,! g5]al head+s ,classic1 etc1 are cle>1 b ! foll[+ explanations mu/ be made reg>d+ ! o!r m>k+s3 ,an a/]isk 7997 indicates t ! play is 9 "o act4 ,^? n s m>k$ are 9 m ?an "o act1 & are 9 mo/ cases full l5g?4 ,! lett] ,s d5otes s]i\s or tragic plays1 int5d$ 9 ne>ly e case = advanc$ amateurs4 ,! lett] ,r d5otes plays ( a romantic & poetic nature4 ,! lett] ,c d5otes com$ies1 f>ces1 & plays 9 light] ve94 ,! lett] ,f 9 p>5!sis aft] ! title indicates t a fee is *>g$ = production by amateurs4 ,! publi%] or ag5t 7see footnotes71 mu/ be consult$ = p>ticul>s4 ,! lett] ,d d5otes mod]n dialect plays1 l ^? ( ,lady ,gregory4 ,mo/ ( ^! plays are includ$ "u ! g5]al head+ ( ,classic because ! co/umes & sett+1 ?\gh !y may be mod]n1 are n ! famili> mod]n co/umes & sett+s4 ,all plays n includ$ 9 ! fir/ division ,classics1 includ+ mod]n co/ume & hi/orical plays are to be f\nd 9 ! second division3 ,mod]n plays4 ,x is ne>ly always unwise = an amateur organization to take a play on fai?2 x is !re=e advisable = x to collect a libr>y ( amateur plays1 f :i* successive g5]ations ( memb]s c at lea/ =m "s judgm5t ( ! field f :i* !y are to select _! plays4 ,?is li/ makes no pret5ce to complet5ess4 ,x has be5 ! writ]'s purpose m]ely to m5tion a numb] ( classic & /&>d plays :i* amateurs c produce )\t too great difficulty4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,sc5es ,,f ,,euripides' ,,electra4 ,,produc$ ,,at ,,ill9ois ,,/ate ,,college4 7,c\rtesy ( ,roll9 ,h4 ,tann]74 ,,classics1 ,,includ+ ,,mod]n ,,co/ume ,,& ,,hi/orical ,,plays ,greek ,,rs ,euripides1 ,alce/is 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,walt] ,h4 ,bak]7 ,,rs ,sophocles1 ,antigone 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,e4 ,p4 ,dutton1 9 ,ev]yman's ,libr>y7 ,,rc ,ari/ophanes1 ,! ,cl\ds 7,macmillan2 ,! ,drama1 ,victorian edition7 ,c ,lysi/rata 7,samuel ,fr5*4 ,ano!r v]sion1 by ,laur5ce ,h\sman1 publi%$ by ,! ,woman's ,press1 ,london7 ,lat9 ,c ,plautus1 ,! ,tw9s 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c ,t]5ce1 ,phormio 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,spani% ,,rc ,lope de ,vega1 ,! ,dog 9 ! ,mang] 7,! ,drama1 ,victorian edition7 ,,rc ,cald]on1 ,keep ,y\r ,own ,secret 7,macmillan7 ,,rc ,b5av5te1 ,! ,bonds ( ,int]e/ 79 ,! ,drama1 ,no4 #bj7 ,italian ,,rc ,goldoni1 ,! ,fan 7,yale ,dramatic ,association7 ,,rc ,! ,b5efic5t ,be> 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,rc ,a ,curi\s ,mi%ap 7,mc,clurg7 ,,rcd ,! ,squabbles ( ,*ioggia 7,! ,drama1 ,augu/1 #aiad7 ,r99 ,giacosa1 ,! ,wag] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,fr5* ,c ,brueys 7adaptor ( #ae? c5tury anonym\s71 ,ma/] ,patel91 ,solicitor 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c ,moli]e1 ,! ,m]*ant ,g5tleman ,le ,b\rgeois ,g5tilhomme 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,little1 ,br[n2 ,bohn ,libr>y1 etc47 ,c99 ,! ,affect$ ,"y ,ladies ,les ,precieuses ridicules ,c ,! ,sicilian ,c99 ,doctor ,love ,l',am\r ,m$ec9 ,c99 ,! ,doctor 9 ,spite ( ,himself ,le ,m$ec9 malgre lui ,c ,! ,imag9>y ,invalid ,le ,malade imag9aire 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,little1 ,br[n2 ,bohn ,libr>y2 ,putnam1 etc41 publi% ! above five titles7 ,c99 ,danc\rt1 ,woman's ,craze = ,titles 79 ,! ,drama2 ,hi/orical ,publi%+ ,company1 #aijc1 vol4 viii47 ,c99 ,le ,sage1 ,crisp91 ,8 ,ma/]'s ,rival 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,m>ivaux1 ,! ,legacy 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr ,de ,musset1 ,fantasio 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company7 ,,cr99 ,! ,gre5 ,coat 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c ,augi]1 ,m4 ,poiri]'s ,son-9-law ,le ,g5dre de ,m4 ,poiri] 79 ,f\r ,plays by ,emile ,augi]1 publi%$ by ,alfr$ ,a4 ,knopf1 & 9 ,*ief ,european ,dramati/s1 publi%$ by ,h\ghton ,miffl97 ,,cr99 ,banville1 ,gr+oire 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company2 ,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,*>m+ ,le&re 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c ,s>d\1 ,a ,scrap ( ,pap] ,les ,pattes de m\*e 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr ,! ,black ,pe>l 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,feuillet1 ,! ,fairy 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,rivoire1 ,! ,little ,%eph]dess 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr ,ro/&1 ,! ,romanc]s 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,walt] ,h4 ,bak]2 ,he9emann7 ,c99 ,france1 ,! ,man ,:o ,m>ri$ a ,dumb ,wife 7,lane7 7,f7 ,c99 ,pic>d1 ,! ,reb\nd 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr ,zamacois1 ,! ,je/]s 7,br5tano7 7,f7 ,,sr99 ,b\*or1 ,a ,*ri/mas ,tale 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,coppee1 ,! ,viol9-,mak] ( ,cremona 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,sr99 ,pat] ,no/] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,sr99 ,!uriet1 ,jean-,m>ie 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,dani% ,c ,holb]g1 ,! ,loquaci\s ,b>b] 7,! ,drama1 ,victorian edition7 ,c ,capta9 ,bomba/es ,?und]ton 79 ,?ree ,com$ies by ,ludvig ,holb]g1 publi%$ by ,longmans7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,h]tz1 ,k+ ,r5e's ,daught] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,g]man ,,cr ,less+1 ,m9na von ,b>nhelm 79 ,bohn ,libr>y1 ,macmillan7 ,c ,! ,s*ol> 79 ,bohn ,libr>y7 ,c ,s*ill]1 ,nephew or ,uncle 7,walt] ,h4 ,bak]7 ,engli% ,s ,anonym\s1 ,ev]yman 7,ev]yman's ,libr>y2 ,dutton7 ,r ,lyly1 ,alex&] & ,campaspe 7,scribn]1 & 9 ,ev]yman's ,libr>y7 7,requires cutt+7 ,r ,gre5e1 ,fri> ,bacon & ,fri> ,bungay 7,dutton7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,beaumont & ,flet*]1 ,! ,knight ( ! ,burn+ ,pe/le 7,scribn]2 ,ev]yman's ,libr>y2 etc47 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,dekk]1 ,old ,=tunatus 7,scribn]7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,! ,%oemak]'s ,holiday 7,scribn]2 ,dutton7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,heywood ,! ,fair ,maid ( ! ,we/ 7,scribn]7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,sr ,jonson1 ,! ,sad ,%eph]d 7,dutton7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,! ,case is ,alt]$ 79 any complete set ( ,b5 ,jonson7 7,requires cutt+7 ,%akespe>e 7no plays ne$ be m5tion$4 ,! ,b5 ,greet ,%akespe>e = ,amateurs conta9s good directions = /ag+ & act+7 ,c ,udall1 ,ralph ,roi/] ,doi/] 7,macmillan2 ,d5t7 7,requires cutt+7 ,,cr ,goldsmi?1 ,! ,good-natur$ ,man 79 any edition ( ,goldsmi?'s plays7 ,,cr ,%e ,/oops to ,conqu] 79 any edition ( ,goldsmi?'s plays7 ,,cr ,%]idan1 ,! ,rivals 79 any edition ( ,%]idan's plays7 ,c ,! ,s*ool = ,sc&al 79 any edition ( ,%]idan's plays7 ,c ,! ,critic 79 any edition ( ,%]idan's plays7 ,,cr ,p9]o1 ,trelawney ( ! ',wells' 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company7 7,f7#ab #ab ,apply to ,sang] ,jordan1 #adcb ,broadway1 ,new ,york1 = act+ rights4 ,,cr ,h\sman1 ,a ,*9ese ,lant]n 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company7 7,f7 ,,cr99 ,bird 9 ,h& 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,srd99 ,a ,likely ,/ory 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,cr99 ,z ,good z ,gold 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,srd99 ,! ,sn[ ,man 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sr99 ,naz>e? 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sr99 ,! ,"l ( ! ,h>ve/ 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sr99 ,! ,return ( ,alce/is 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,cr 7& ,b>k]71 ,prunella 7,little1 ,br[n7 7,f7 ,,cr ,%aw1 ,! ,devil's ,disciple 7,br5tano7 7,f7#ac ,,cr ,p>k]1 ,pom&] ,walk 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,cr99 ,b>rie1 ,pantaloon 7,scribn]7 7,f7#ac #ac ,apply to ,am]ican ,play ,company1 #cc ,we/ #dbnd ,/41 ,new ,york4 ,,cr ,b5nett & ,knoblau*1 ,mile/ones 7,doran7 7,f7 ,,cr ,noyes1 ,%]wood 7,/okes7 7,f7 ,,cr ,t5nyson1 ,! ,pr9cess 79 any complete edition ( ,t5nyson7 ,,cr ,! ,=e/]s 79 any complete edition ( ,t5nyson7 ,,sr99 ,! ,falcon 79 any complete edition ( ,t5nyson7 ,r99 ,"l ,dunsany1 ,! ,gods ( ! ,m\nta9 7,little1 ,br[n7 7,f7 ,,cr99 ,! ,lo/ ,silk ,hat 7,little1 ,br[n7 7,f7 ,,crd99 ,! ,glitt]+ ,gate 7,little1 ,br[n7 7,f7 ,r ,k+ ,argim5es & ! ,unkn[n ,w>rior 7,little1 ,br[n7 7,f7 ,,rs99 ,yeats1 ,! ,l& ( ,he>t's ,desire 7,macmillan2 ,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cd99 ,! ,pot ( ,bro? 7,macmillan7 7,f7#ad ,,rs99 ,deirdre 7,macmillan7 7,f7#ad ,,rs99 ,! ,k+'s ,?re%old 7,macmillan7 7,f7#ad #ad ,apply to ,samuel ,fr5*1 #bh ,we/ #ch? ,/41 ,new ,york4 ,,crd99 ,lady ,gregory1 ,! ,ris+ ( ! ,moon 7,putnam7 7,f7#ae ,,cd99 ,! ,workh\se ,w>d 7,putnam7 7,f7#ae ,,srd99 ,! ,travell+ ,man 7,putnam7 7,f7#ae ,,cd99 ,spread+ ! ,news 7,putnam7 7,f7#ae ,,cd99 ,! ,jackdaw 7,putnam7 7,f7#ae ,,cd99 ,hyac9? ,halvey 7,putnam7 7,f7#ae ,,sd99 ,hyde1 ,! ,lo/ ,sa9t 7,scribn]7 ,,sd99 ,! ,twi/+ ( ! ,rope 7,poet ,lore7 ,,cd99 ,mayne1 ,! ,turn ( ! ,road 7,luce7 7,f7 ,,cd ,! ,drone 7,luce7 7,f7 ,,sd99 ,synge1 ,! ,%ad[ ( ! ,gl5 7,luce7 7,f7#ae ,,cd ,boyle1 ,! ,build+ ,fund 7,gill1 ,dubl97 7,f7 ,,rc99 ,d[ns1 ,! ,mak] ( ,dreams 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7#ae ,sanskrit ,,sr ,kalidasa1 ,sak\ntala 7,walt] ,scott1 ,london2 & ,ev]yman's ,libr>y7 ,b5gali ,,rs ,tagore1 ,! ,po/-,(fice 7,macmillan7 7,f7#ae #ae ,apply to ,samuel ,fr5*1 #bh ,we/ #ch? ,/41 ,new ,york4 ,,mod]n ,,plays 7,,n9ete5? ,,& ,,tw5tie? ,,c5turies1 ,,9 ,,:i* ,,! ,,co/umes ,,& ,,sett+s ,,are ,,mod]n7 ,italian ,s ,giacosa1 ,z ! ,leaves 79 ,! ,drama ,no4 #a1 & by ,little1 ,br[n7 ,s ,! ,/rong] 79 ,! ,drama1 ,may1 #aiac1 & by ,little1 ,br[n7 ,fr5* ,c99 ,augi]1 ,! ,po/-,script 7,samuel ,fr5*1 & 9 ,f\r ,plays by ,emile ,augi]1 ,alfr$ ,a4 ,knopf7 ,,sc ,! ,h\se ( ,f\r*ambault 7,samuel ,fr5*1 & 9 ,f\r ,plays by ,emile ,augi]1 ,alfr$ ,a4 ,knopf7 ,,cr99 ,meilhac & ,halevy1 ,indian ,summ] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,panurge's ,%eep 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,feuillet1 ,! ,village 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,labi*e1 ,! ,two ,c[>ds 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,gramm> 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c ,paill]on1 ,! ,art ( ,be+ ,bor$ 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,b]n>d1 ,fr5* ,)\t a ,ma/] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,i'm ,go+6 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,donnay1 ,!y6 7,9 ,lov]s1 ,! ,free ,woman1 & ,!y6 7,little1 ,br[n7 ,s ,france1 ,cra9quebille 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,maurey1 ,rosalie 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,h]vieu1 ,mode/y 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,s ,capus1 ,! ,adv5tur] 7,! ,drama1 ,novemb]1 #aiad7 ,c ,brignol & 8 ,daught] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,caillavet1 ,*oos+ a ,c>e] 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,g]man ,,sc ,freytag1 ,! ,j\rnali/s 7,! ,drama1 ,febru>y1 #aiac7 ,,rc99 ,sud]mann1 ,! ,f>-,away ,pr9cess 79 ,roses1 ,scribn]1 & sep>ately1 by ,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,s99 ,fritz*5 79 ,morituri1 ,scribn]7 ,c99 ,b5$ix1 ,! ,law-,suit 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,! ,?ird ,man 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,gyalui1 ,aft] ! ,honeymoon 7,samuel ,fr5*7 ,sc&9avian ,s99 ,/r9db]g1 ,! ,/rong] 7,scribn]7 7,f7 ,,sb ,lucky ,pehr 7,/ew>t & ,kidd7 7,f7 ,,sc ,bjo]nson1 ,! ,newly-,m>ri$ ,c\ple 7,ev]yman's ,libr>y2 ,dutton7 ,c ,love & ,geography 7,scribn]7 ,s ,ibs51 ,an ,enemy ( ! ,p 7,scribn]7 ,russian ,c99 ,t*ek(f1 ,! ,boor 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,scribn]7 ,c99 ,a ,m>riage ,proposal 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,scribn]7 ,c99 ,! ,trag$ian 9 ,spite ( ,himself 7,scribn]7 ,c99 ,&reyev1 ,! ,de> ,dep>t+ 7,h5d]son1 ,london71 & same play ,love ( ,"o's ,neighbor 7,boni1 ,new ,york7 ,engli% ,c ,p9]o1 ,! ,s*oolmi/ress 7,walt] ,h4 ,bak]7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,magi/rate 7,walt] ,h4 ,bak]7 7,f7 ,,cs ,! ,b5efit ( ! ,d\bt 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,amazons 7,walt] ,h4 ,bak]7 7,f7 ,c ,d&y ,dick 7,walt] ,h4 ,bak]7 7,f7 ,c ,jones1 ,! ,manoeuvres ( ,jane 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,cs ,! ,li>s 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,dolly ,re=m+ ,h]self 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,wilde1 ,! ,importance ( ,be+ ,e>ne/ 7,walt] ,h4 ,bak]2 ,ni*ols2 ,luce2 ,putnam2 & ,fr5*7#af ,c99 ,sutro1 ,! ,bracelet 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,br5tano7 7,f--,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,sutro1 ,! ,man on ! ,k]b 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,br5tano7 7,f--,samuel ,fr5*7 ,c99 ,a ,m>riage ,has ,be5 ,arrang$ 7,samuel ,fr5*2 ,br5tano7 7,f--,samuel ,fr5*7 ,,cr99 ,b>rie1 ,! ,w 7,scribn]7 7,f7#af ,,cr99 ,! ,twelve-,p\nd ,look 7,br5tano7 7,f7#af #af ,apply to ,sang] ,jordan4 ,,cr ,! ,admirable ,cri*ton 7,doran7 7,f7#ag ,,cr ,quality ,/reet 7,doran7 7,f7#ag #ag ,apply to ,sang] ,jordan4 ,c ,%aw1 ,y ,nev] ,c ,tell 7,br5tano7 7,f7#ah ,,cr ,c&ida 7,br5tano7 7,f7#ah ,c99 ,press ,cutt+s 7,br5tano7 7,f7#ah ,c99 ,h[ ,he ,li$ to ,h] ,husb& 7,br5tano7 7,f7#ah ,,cr ,arms & ! ,man 7,br5tano7 7,f7#ah #ah ,apply to ,am]ican ,play ,co4 ,s ,b>k]1 ,! ,voysey ,inh]itance 7,little1 ,br[n7 7,f7 ,,sc ,b5nett1 ,:at ! ,public ,wants 7,doran7 7,f7 ,,rc ,mile/ones 7,doran7 7,f7 ,s ,cupid & ,commons5se 7,doran7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,great ,adv5ture 7,doran7 7,f7 ,c99 ,polite ,f>ces 7,doran7 7,f7 ,s ,bak]1 ,*a9s 7,luce7 7,f7 ,s99 ,gibson1 ,mates 7,macmillan7 7,f7 ,s99 ,on ! ,road 7,macmillan7 7,f7 ,c ,hank91 ,! ,cassilis ,engagem5t 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,return ( ! ,prodigal 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,*>ity t ,began at ,home 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c99 ,h\ghton1 ,! ,de> ,dep>t$ 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c99 ,! ,fif? ,comm&m5t 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c99 ,phipps 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sc ,h\ghton1 ,indep5d5t ,means 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,s ,galswor?y1 ,! ,silv] ,box 7,scribn]7 7,f7#ai ,c ,joy 7,scribn]7 7,f7#ai ,,sc ,hamilton1 ,j to ,get ,m>ri$ 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sc99 ,*ap91 ,augu/us 9 ,se>* ( a ,fa!r 7,g[ans & ,grey1 ,london7 7,f7 ,,dcr99 ,brigh\se1 ,lonesome ,l 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sd99 ,! ,price ( ,coal 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,monkh\se1 ,! ,education ( ,mr4 ,surrage 7,sidgwick & ,jackson1 ,london7 7,f7 ,c ,mason1 ,gre5 ,/ock+s 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,sd ,erv9e1 ,jane ,clegg 7,holt7 7,f7 ,,dcr99 ,f5n & ,pryce1 ',op o' me ,?umb 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,am]ican ,s ,gillette1 ,secret ,s]vice 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,s ,held by ! ,enemy 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,too ,mu* ,johnson 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,mac,kaye1 ,anti-,matrimony 7,/okes7 7,f7 ,c ,?omas 7,a4 ,e471 ,h] ,husb&'s ,wife 7,d\bl$ay1 ,page7 7,f7#ai #ai ,apply to ,samuel ,fr5* = produc+ rights4 ,s99 ,middleton1 ,! ,failures 7,holt7 7,f7#bj ,s99 ,! ,groove 7,holt7 7,f7#bj ,s99 ,tradition 7,holt7 7,f7#bj #bj ,apply to ,samuel ,fr5* = produc+ rights4 ,c99 ,macmillan1 ,%ort ,plays 7,/ew>t & ,kidd7 7,f7 ,c ,=bes1 ,! ,commut]s 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,travel+ ,salesman 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,s ,kle91 ,! ,lion & ! ,m\se 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,r ,?omas1 ,arizona 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company7 7,f7 ,,rd ,alabama 7,dramatic ,publi%+ ,company7 7,f7 ,c ,mrs4 ,leff+well's ,boots 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,o!r ,girl 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,oliv] ,goldsmi? 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,c ,! ,e>l ( ,pawtucket 7,samuel ,fr5*77,f7 ,c ,! ,capitol 7,samuel ,fr5*7 7,f7 ,,collect$ ,,volume ,,( ,,plays #a4 ,repres5tative ,"o-,act ,plays by ,am]ican ,au?ors1 edit$ by ,m>g>et ,g4 ,mayorga 7,little1 ,br[n71 conta9s a l>ge numb] ( suitable plays = amateurs4 ,among ^! are3 ,r99 ,sam ,av]age1 by ,p]cy ,mac,kaye 7,f7 ,r99 ,six ,:o ,pass ,:ile ! ,l5tils ,boil1 by ,/u>t ,walk] 7,f7 ,s99 ,9 ! ,zone1 by ,eug5e ,o',neill 7,f7 ,r99 ,! ,wond] ,hat1 a ,h>lequ9ade by ,b5 ,he*t & ,k5ne? ,sawy] ,goodman 7,f7 ,c99 ,suppress$ ,desires1 by ,george ,cram ,cook & ,susan ,glaspell 7,f7 ,s99 ,! ,la/ ,/raw1 by ,boswor? ,crock] 7,f7 #b4 ,repres5tative ,"o-,act ,plays by ,briti% & ,iri% ,au?ors1 edit$ by ,b>rett ,h4 ,cl>k 7,little1 ,br[n71 conta9s1 among o!rs1 ! foll[+ plays suit$ to ! requirem5ts ( amateurs3 ,r99 ,! ,wid[ ( ,wasdale ,head1 by ,ar?ur ,p9]o 7,f7 ,c99 ,rococo1 by ,granville ,b>k] 7,f7 ,r99 ,! ,sn[ ,man1 by ,lawr5ce ,h\sman 7,f7 ,c99 ,fancy ,free1 by ,/anley ,h\ghton 7,f7 #c4 ,fifty ,contempor>y ,"o-,act ,plays1 edit$ by ,frank ,%ay & ,pi]re ,lov+ 7,/ew>t-,kidd71 includes ! foll[+ plays = amateurs3 ,c99 ,lit]ature1 by ,ar?ur ,s*nitzl] 7,f7 ,c99 ,francoise' ,luck1 by ,georges de ,porto-,ri*e 7,f7 ,s99 ,m>y's ,w$d+1 by ,gilb]t ,c>man 7,f7 ,c99 ,a ,sunny ,morn+1 by ! ,qu9t]os 7,f7 ,,app5dices ,,app5dix ,i ,,copyright ,,& ,,royalty ,! foll[+ /atem5t reg>d+ royalties on amateur plays 0 prep>$ by ,mr4 ,all5 ,j4 ,c>t]1 an attorney ( ,*icago1 = "o ( ! ,drama ,league pamphlets li/+ amateur plays3 ,! copyright law ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates requires t e play1 :e!r publi%$ or unpubli%$1 = :i* copyright protection is claim$1 mu/ be regi/]$ 9 ! copyright (fice at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,until su* regi/ration1 no action = infr+em5t ( copyright c be ma9ta9$4 ,! regi/] ( copyrights keeps a complete record & index ( all copyright entries & publi%es a catalogue ( su* entries at regul> int]vals4 ,dramatic works are ent]$ "u ,class ,d & are f\nd index$ "u t head+ 9 ,"p ,i1 ,gr\p ,,ii ( ! catalogues4 ,copies ( ^! catalogues are on file 9 mo/ ( ! l>g] public libr>ies1 & sets or p>ts ( sets may be pur*as$ f ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,public ,docum5ts at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,anyone wi%+ to le>n :e!r a p>ticul> play has be5 prop]ly ent]$ = copyright ne$ only consult a set ( ^! catalogues4 ,if su* a set is n available1 ! in=mation w be promptly furni%$ by ! regi/] ( copyrights1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c1 ^u reque/4 ,:5ev] a play has be5 publi%$1 exam9ation ( a copy ( an au?oriz$ pr9t$ edition w disclose :e!r su* play has be5 prop]ly copyright$4 ,! law requires t a notice ( copyright mu/ be plac$ ei!r ^u ! title page1 or ^u ! page imm$iately foll[+1 ( ea* copy publi%$ or (f]$ = sale 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,su* notice mu/ consi/ ei!r ( ! ^w ',copyright' or ! abbreviation ',copr4'1 accompani$ by ! "n ( ! copyright proprietor & ! ye> 9 :i* copyright 0 secur$ by publication4 ,if publi%$ prior to ,m>* #d1 #aiji1 ! notice may also be 9 ! foll[+ =m3 ',ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress 9 ! ye> ----1 by ,a4 ,b4 9 ! (fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton4' ,:5ev] ! au?or ( a play or anyone to :om he has assign$ 8 rights publi%es su* play )\t prop] notice ( copyright 9 "s "o ( ! ?ree au?oriz$ =ms above m5tion$1 ! play !n & =ev] aft] becomes ! prop]ty ( ! public & may be p]=m$ & pr9t$ at w by anyone4 ,no subsequ5t attempt to copyright su* play w\ld be valid1 & any valid copyright previ\sly secur$ w\ld be vitiat$4 ,a play :i* has nev] be5 publi%$ nor (f]$ = sale1 & :i* exi/s only 9 manuscript =m1 may be copyright$ ^u prop] entry be+ made at ! copyright (fice 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,%\ld su* play be lat] publi%$1 h[ev]1 ! publication mu/ comply ) all ! requirem5ts ( ! law z to notice ( copyright4 ,any p]son :o infr+es ! copyright 9 any play %all be liable3 7a7 ,to an injunction re/ra9+ said infr+em5t2 7b7 to pay actual damages to ! copyright proprietor1 or 9 place ( actual damages #ajj4jj = ! fir/ infr++ p]=mance & #ej4jj = ea* succe$+ "o2 7c7 to imprisonm5t n to exce$ "o ye>1 or to a f9e n to exce$ #a1jjj4jj1 or bo?1 :]ev] su* p]son has infr+$ su* copyright wilfully & = pr(it4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t if any gr\p ( amateurs p]=m a copyright$ play )\t hav+ obta9$ ! cons5t ( ! au?or or copyright proprietor1 !y are collectively liable to damages ( at lea/ #ajj4jj "u :atev] conditions ! p]=mance is giv54 ,if !y d x wilfully & = pr(it1 !y are 9 addition ea* individually liable to f9e & imprisonm5t "u ! crim9al provision ( ! act4 ,,app5dix ,,ii ,a ,,note ,,on ,,make-,,up ,make-up z an art & a sci5ce does n prop]ly fall )9 ! scope ( ! pres5t volume4 ,h[ev]1 x has be5 ?\ght advisable to ins]t at ?is place sections f an int]e/+ pap] on make-up by "o :o has made a ?or\gh /udy ( ! subject4 ,! au?or ackn[l$ges 8 obligation to ,miss ,grace ,griswold1 :o wrote ! article1 = p]mission to make ?is use ( x4 ,h[ & ,:]e ,l9es ,come into ! ,face ,a ,/udy 9 ,make-up by ,grace ,griswold ,ne>ly all great actors are ma/]s ( make-up4 ,!y mu/ be1 = ! illusions ( ! /age are no less pictorial ?an ^? ( pa9t+ & sculpture1 ) ! add$ elem5ts ( movem5t & voice1 all ( :i* mu/ be br\ght into work+ h>mony ) ! ?\ght & feel+ ( ! "p1 9 a p]fect portrayal4 ,any s]i\s incongruity 9 ext]nals is felt at once1 & de/roys ! illusion4 ,wom5 h n done z mu* z m5 9 facial trans=mation1 except 9 ! way ( burlesque & grotesqu]ie4 ,wom5's make-ups1 on ! :ole1 are f> m conv5tional4 ,! female face is m difficult to *ange )\t reveal+ ! tricks4 ,heavy furr[s & deep color+ are possible only = l[ types4 ,m5 c effect great *anges by ! use ( be>ds & m\/a*es4 ,a woman's art mu/ be f> subtl]4 ,look at ! m5 across ! way4#ba ,notice _! eyes4 ,we always see ! eyes fir/1 al?\gh ! m\? is a m un]r+ key to "*4 ,! m\? = emotions & impulses1 & ! eyes = ?\ghts4 ,z ! m\? is ! gateway ( ! s\l1 s ! eyes are its w9d[s1 b1 l all w9d[s1 _! function is r to give light & view to ! int]ior ?an to expose x to ! imp]t95ce ( pass]s-by4444 ,8 level br[s1 :i* %[ him to be ( a practical or sci5tific turn ( m9d1 are deeply contract$4 ,s mu* s1 t n only are !re two p]p5dicul> l9es betwe5 !m1 b "o across ! top ( ! nose z well4 ,! heavy bone =mation :i* ! br[s outl9e1 indicates r>e p[]s ( obs]vation4 ,b ?is man has come a cropp]4 ,see h[ re/less & unsee+ are 8 eyes6 ,he is se>*+ = a solution to ! problem :i* is tr\bl+ him4 ,x is a purely intellectual problem1 = ! m\?1 :i* is ! indication ( ! emotions & passions1 is unaffect$ by :at is go+ on above4 ,!re is no?+ s9i/] ab\t ! problem3 y see t ! eyes are wide op54 ,n[ x is settl$1 because he appe>s focuss$3 he is foll[+ a s+le l9e ( ?\ght4 #ba ,x 0 imp]ative t ! long article be abridg$4 ,! ref]5ce "h is to ,miss ,griswold's fir/ s5t5ce3 444 take a ride ) me 9 ! subway1 :]e we may p]haps glean "s impressions = "* portrayal ^u ! /age4 ,n[ obs]ve ! man on ! "r4 ,he too is ?9k+ h>d1 b 8 m\? is drawn1 jaws set1 eyelids puck]$ to a m]e slit4 ,he has be5 wrong$1 or believes he has1 & is plann+ retaliation4 ,8 no/rils are dilat$1 8 brea?+ heavy4 ,bo? ^! m5 are labor+ "u excitem5t1 b we _c read _! natures1 because _! habitual expression is di/ort$4 ,d y see t de> s\l opposite8 ,!re is "w beh9d t face1 "w t has br\ght ) x heal?4 ,!re has be5 good liv+1 b no intemp]ance4 ,see ! /rong muscles & ! gl[ 9 ! *eeks1 ) _! ,santa ,claus rotundity4 ,!re is passion1 too1 b x is re/ra9$3 ! lips are full1 b ! c5t] l9e is /raight4 ,) less control1 t l9e w\ld t5d to sag4 ,melan*olia is also indicat$ 9 d[nw>d l9es4 ,9 ! case ( ?is woman1 ! lip is p]haps too heavy to %[ delicacy ( "*1 b x %[s broad sympa?y1 & is r$eem$ by its upp] consort1 :i* reveals1 except at ! corn]s1 a cupid's b[1 full ( t5d]ness4 ,! ,v5us de ,milo h>dly escapes c5sure ev5 ) ! lat]al %ortness ( ! l[] lip & ! s(t5$ outl9es ( ! upp]4 ,?is woman's m\? is l>g]1 d5ot+ g5]osity4 ,n[ look at ! eyes--op5 j to ! degree ( frankness1 b n ( ins9c]ity1 l ^? ( ! vapid "y p]son across ! way4 ,!re are radiations f ! corn]s1 too3 ! footpr9ts ( _m a pleasant smile4 ,! eyebr[s h ! sympa!tic upw>d sweep t[>d ! nose1 & !re is a :imsical twi/ ( ! left eyebr[4 ,altoge!r1 a pleasant c\nt5ance4 ,a p]fectly /raight compress$ m\? always implies /r5g? ( w4 ,n[ notice ! woman j beyond ) h] high-br$ ari/ocratic face4 ,! executive nose1 ) its delicate ar*1 are especially indicative ( h] "*4 ,! eyebr[s likewise are ar*$1 ov] a full =ehead2 v imag9ative4 ,! eyes1 slightly veil$ 9 _! expression1 %[ h] to be plung$ 9 deep & some:at tr\bl$ ?\ght4 ,h] eyes are veil$ because %e does n see cle>ly a way out ( h] problem1 b t way out w be1 we are sure1 some?+ noble4 ,h] problem is n s exclusively an intellectual "o z t ( ! man we m5tion$3 x mu/ be "s economic or philan?ropical "q--h] *9 is f9ely *isell$ & held ) exquisite poise1 /rong & at ! same "t delicate4 ,h] complexion has ! pale ca/ ( ?\ght1 b is n unheal?y h[ev]4 ,! fle% lies easily ^u its firm base4 ,x w nev] w>p into deep furr[s4 ,see1 n[ %e has solv$ or put aside h] problem1 = a mom5t1 & h] eyes are op5 & cle>1 & h] smile1 z %e recognizes a fri5d1 is engag+ & unaffect$4 ,h] sympa?ies are less p]sonal1 m deta*$1 b none ! less real1 ?an o!r wom5's4 ,& n[ see ?is man :o has j ent]$4 ,he1 too1 is an ari/ocrat1 b z he turns1 we c obs]ve t !re is a "o-sid$ twi/ to 8 face4 ,! bone =mation 9 8 face is simil> to t ( ! woman's1 b 8 expression is exagg]at$ by a muscul> habit ( ! m\?1 possibly occasion$ by ! loss ( tee?4 ,8 eyes are op51 b !y express impassive coldness4 ,he has tak5 life ) a sne]4 ,8 br[s are n ar*$1 al?\gh "o ( !m is artificially rais$3 ! result1 und\bt$ly1 ( bor$om4 ,habitual good-humor ages ! face 9 a pleasant mann]4 ,x is ! only ?+ t nev] gr[s old3 d y rememb] :at g5ial sp>kl+ eyes ,joseph ,jeff]son & ,m>k ,twa9 _h8 ,be>+ 9 m9d ^! summ>y "* /udies1 let u turn to ! m practical side ( make-up3 ,reg>d+ /raight make-up--i4e4 make-up :i* is design$ to (fset ! gl>e ( ! lights--x c safely be ass]t$ t mo/ pr(essionals make-up too heavily4 ,?is is p>tially due to ! fact t ! lights 9 ! dress+-room are seldom ( l int5sity or k9d z ^? on ! /age4 ,billie ,burke & ,blan*e ,r+ occur to u z hav+ a*iev$ happy results 9 mak+-up1 ! =m] ) a rose-bud prett9ess ( :ite & p9k1 ! latt] by us+ s little color & bl5d+ t little s well t x is sc>cely p]ceivable4 ,bo? ^! actresses use v little r\ge on ! upp] eyelids1 an excess ( :i* is "o ( ! commone/ faults4 ,! only purpose x c s]ve is to s(t5 ! upw>d & :it5+ gl>e ( ! footlights4 ,! skilful use ( r\ge is ! mo/ important & lea/ und]/ood ( all ! num]\s elem5ts ( ?is art4 ,fir/ z to %ade1 mo/ ( ! r\ge us$ is blue4 ,x does n bl5d ) mo/ p[d]s1 b produces a h>d contra/1 & appe>s unnatural4 ,! plac+ ( ! r\ge1 too1 is v important 9 obviat+ natural defects ( proportion 9 ! features1 :i* di/ances always int5sify4 ,any spot left :ite is project$ z if ) a high-light4 ,if ! nose is too wide1 x c be n>r[$ by %ad+ ! r\ge up to its c5t] l9e4 ,if x is too prom95t1 x w be less app>5t if %ad$ slightly all ov]4 ,! same rule applies to ! *91 ! jaw1 ! e>s1 & ! =ehead4 ,"s p lay 9 a g5]al f\ndation ( grease r\ge be=e putt+ any?+ else on1 b ?is is likely to give a muddy effect4 ,if us$ only on ! *eeks1 ) ! dry r\ge ov] all = %ad+1 ! effect is f> m natural4 ,"s also lay 9 a f\ndation ( p9k pa/e--call$ ,exora--b ! result is ne>ly always pa/y1 & %\ld nev] be us$ except to cov] "s blot*9ess4 ,! light] ! make-up1 ! great] opportunity w !re be = mobility ( expression4 ,! same mod]ation %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 mak+ up ! eyes & m\?4 ,br[n on ! la%es & eyebr[s is s(t] ?an black1 especially = blondes4 ,heavy black lead+ above & bel[1 acc5tuat$ by broad %ad[s on ! lids ( d>k blue1 make !m look l burnt holes a %ort di/ance away4 ,few eyes are l>ge en\gh to /& x1 & ^? t are1 d n require x4 ,a little light or d>k blue close to ! la%es ( ! upp] lid is necess>y1 b v few eyes ne$ any make-up at all on ! l[] lid1 except a fa9t %ad[1 p]haps1 ( light blue4 ,a little dab ( lip r\ge 9 ! inn] corn]s ( ! eye adds an effect ( brilliancy4 ,if ! eye itself slants1 x c be /raight5$ by a l9e ( br[n or black1 drawn 9 ! opposite direction1 & beg9n+ j inside ! out] corn]s4 ,! l9e ( ! upp] lids & ! eyebr[s %\ld be ext5d$ 9 almo/ e case1 to give an effect ( bread? to ! eyes4 ,if ! face ne$s l5g!n+ & ! eyebr[s are n too heavy1 !y c be cov]$ ) fle%-color$ grease pa9t1 & ano!r pair pa9t$ above !m4 ,!re is dang] 9 ?is1 h[ev]1 ( op5+ ! frame ( ! eyes too mu* & giv+ !m a fooli% expression4 ,! ar*$ br[ t5ds to elongate1 ! level1 broad effect to %ort51 ! face4 ,! m\? also ne$s c>eful treatm5t4 ,z to color3 ! d>k r$ r\ge s (t5 us$ gives ! appe>ance ( a bloody ga%4 ,! ,engli% hunt+ r$1 a sort ( blui% v]milion1 is be/1 because mo/ natural4 ,only ! v smalle/ m\?s c /& be+ made up to ! corn]s1 because 9 smil+1 ! m\? /ret*es1 & w look too l>ge if deeply color$ all ! way across4 ,a l9e ( :ite grease pa9t drawn d[n ! bridge ( ! nose w /raight5 x2 or1 if x be too small1 l5g!n x4 ,! nose may also be completely trans=m$ by putty4 ,?is br+s u to :at is kn[n z ! "* make-up4 ,"h aga9 "o is confront$ by numb]less problems reg>d+ ! use ( colors4 ,at be/1 "* make-up is only ! adju/m5t ( "o physiognomy to ! habitual expression ( ano!r3 complete trans=mation is out ( ! "q4 ,nev]!less1 ! human face1 be+ mobile1 may assume expressions :i* are n habitual to x4 ,h[ev]1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t to sup]impose a purely imag9>y c\nt5ance ov] a natural "o1 reg>dless ( :at t natural "o is1 is a fatal mi/ake1 because :5 ! natural face attempts to express itself "u ! o!r1 ! effect w be lo/4 ,to return a mom5t to ! problem ( color3 illusion is frequ5tly lo/ ?r\gh a failure to adju/ ! %ade ( ! high-light & %ad[ to ! tone ( ! f\ndation grease pa9t1 or natural complexion4 ,! commone/ (f5ce is ! use ( an unmix$1 unbl5d$ slate = %ad[s1 & :ite1 & high-lights1 :e!r ! und]ly+ color be florid1 sall[1 p9k1 or pale fle%4 ,! result ( su* treatm5t is m]ely pa9t4 ,! :ole art ( mak+-up is /ill hide-b\nd by tradition1 because ( /upid ideals :i* p]si/ 9 ! m9ds ( ^? ^: bus9ess x is to direct1 z well z _m 9 ! act+ pr(ession itself4 ,,index ,,index ,alce/is1 #d ,ari/ophanes1 #e ,art advis]1 #ag ,art ( ,be+ ,bor$1 ,!1 #dh ,quot$1 #ec1 #ed-eg ,/age gr\p+ (1 #ed-eg ,z ,y ,l ,x1 #b ,backgr\nds1 #ajf-ajg ,b>k]1 ,granville1 #f ,belasco1 ,david1 #hi1 #ajf ,block+ out1 #bd1 #fa ,example (1 #bd-cc ,blue ,bird1 ,!1 #ajh ,box sets1 #hb1 #hi1 #ia1 #ajj ,brignol & ,8 ,daught]1 ,sett+ =1 #ajb1 #ajc ,bus9ess manag]1 ,duties (1 #aa-ab1 #ad ,call ,boy1 ,duty (1 #af ,capus1 ,alfr$1 #ajb ,ca/1 ,ability (1 #b ,selection (1 #ai1 #bj ,size (1 #b ,*antecl]1 #ajh ,*>act]ization by amateurs1 #b1 #c1 #d ,*5ey1 ,seldon1 #gf 7,note71 #gg ,classics1 #b1 #c1 #d ,cl\ds1 ,!1 #e ,coa*1 ,selection (1 #bj1 #ba ,com$ies1 #d ,com$y ( ,errors1 ,!1 #b1 #c1 #e ,sett+ =1 #ic-id ,co/ume man1 ,duties (1 #aj1 #ad1 #ae1 #ag ,co/umes1 #ad-ae ,accuracy (1 #ajh-aji ,co/umes & ,sc5]y = ,amateurs1 #ha ,craig1 ,gordon1 #ajb ,cr[ds or l>ge gr\ps1 ,rehe>s+ (1 #ae1 #eh1 #ei ,curta9 man1 ,duties (1 #aj ,cyclorama1 #gh-ha1 #hd1 #hh ,con/ruction (1 #gh1 #gi-hj1 #ha ,description (1 #gh ,value (1 #gh ,de ,vega1 ,lope1 #d ,deuts*es ,!at] 7,b]l971 #ie ,diagram1 ,mak+ (1 #dj-df1 #fj ,director1 ,duties (1 #h-aj1 #ad1 #af1 #ag1 #bj1 #bc1 #bd1 #bh1 #cd1 #eb1 #eh1 #ei1 #fd1 #fg1 #gc ,doctor 9 ,spite ( ,himself1 #e ,doll's ,h\se1 ,a1 #b ,drap]ies1 #hj1 #hc1 #ib1 #ih ,electra1 #d ,electrician1 #ac ,euripides1 #d ,fan1 ,!1 #e ,f>-away ,pr9cess1 ,!1 ,sett+ =1 #ajj-aja ,f>ces1 #d ,footlights1 #hf1 #hg1 #hi ,box$1 #hd ,=tuny light+ sy/em1 #hf1 #hh ,furniture1 ,h&l+ & sett+ (1 #ae ,goldoni1 #d1 #e ,gregory1 ,lady1 #ij ,gr\p+ actors1 #dh1 #eh1 #ei1 #fa ,examples (1 #ej-eb1 #ec-eg1 #eh-ei1 #fc ,hamlet1 #d ,h&l+ & sett+ ( sc5]y & furniture1 #ae1 #ag ,imitation ( ,pr(essionals1 #fh1 #fi ,importance ( ,be+ ,e>ne/1 ,!1 #c ,block$ out1 #bh-cd ,quot$1 #bd-bh ,indian ,summ]1 ,quot$1 #ga-gb ,int]pretation by amateurs1 #fi-gj ,jones1 ,h5ry ,ar?ur1 #c1 #df1 #dg1 #dh ,julius ,caes>1 ,co/umes (1 #ajh ,gr\p+ 91 #eh-ei ,kle91 ,*>les1 #hi ,kotzebue1 #d ,le ,b\rgeois ,g5tilhomme1 #c1e ,less+1 #d1 #e ,less+ ,!at]1 ,b]l91 #ajg ,li>s1 ,!1 #c1 #df1 #dg ,quot$1 #df1 #ej ,/age gr\p+ (1 #di-eb ,light+1 ,/age1 #gf1 #gh-gi1 #he1 #hi ,examples (1 #hi1 #ij ,=tuny sy/em (1 #hf1 #hh ,k9ds (3 ,arc1 #hh ,bord]1 #hf ,calcium1 #hh ,footlights1 #hd1 #hf1 #hg1 #hi ,lightman1 ,duties (1 #aj1 #ac-ad1 #ae ,lysi/rata1 #e ,mac,kay1 ,con/ance ,d',arcy1 #hb ,magi/rate1 ,!1 #d ,man & ,sup]man1 #d ,m>ry+ ( ,ann ,leete1 ,!1 #f ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 ,!1 #he ,mile/ones1 #aji ,m9na von ,b>nhelm1 #e ,mod]n ,movem5t 9 ! ,!atre1 ,!1 #gf 7,note7 ,mod]n plays1 #d1 #f ,mod]well1 ,hiram ,kelly1 #gf 7,note71 #gg ,quot$1 #hf-hg ,modulation1 ,example (1 #ga-gb ,moli]e1 #c1 #d1 #e ,music1 #ae1 #ag ,music ,ma/]1 ,!1 ,light+ (1 #hi ,orig9al ,plays1 #f ,paill]on1 ,ed\>d1 #dh ,pe] ,gynt1 ,sett+ =1 #ajg ,p]=mance1 ,ess5tials (1 #gd #ge ,phormio1 #e ,plautus1 #e ,plays1 ,cutt+1 #bc ,plays1 ,k9d (1 #h-g ,classic1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f1 #ad ,com$ies1 #d ,f>ces1 #d ,mod]n1 #d1 #e ,orig9al1 #f ,problem1 #d ,sex1 #d ,!sis1 #d ,translat$1 #f ,read+ (1 #bc-bd ,plott+ ! /age1 ,examples (1 #da-de1 #di-eb ,problem plays1 #d ,prompt-copy1 ,mak+ (1 #cd ,prompt]1 ,duty (1 #ge ,prop]ty man1 ,duties (1 #aj1 #ab1 #ac1 #ae1 #ge ,prosc5ium1 #ha ,alt]ation (1 #ha1 #hb1 #hc1 #hd1 #ajc-ajd ,diagrams (1 #hb1 #hc ,rehe>sals1 #ae1 #bb1 #eh1 #ei1 #fa1 #ff1 #fg1 #fh1 #gj ,fir/1 #bb-bd1 #fa ,second1 #bd1 #fa1 #ff ,dress1 #gc1 #gd ,sc5e & light1 #gd ,re9h>dt1 ,max1 #ie1 #ajf ,revolv+ /age1 #he ,ris+ ( ! ,moon1 ,!1 ,light+ (1 #ij ,rivals1 ,!1 #c1 #e ,romanc]s1 ,!1 #ae1 #ajf1 #ajh ,sett+ =1 #ig-ii ,ro/&1 #ac1 #ig1 #ajh ,sc5]y1 ,h&l+ & ,sett+ (1 #ae1 #ag ,scrap ( ,pap]1 ,a1 ,sett+ =1 #ajd-aje ,scre5s1 #hc1 #ib1 #ajb-ajc1 #ajd ,sett+s1 ,/age1 #gg1 #ha1 #hb1 #hc1 #he1 #hi1 #ia ,box sets1 #hb1 #hi1 #ia ,examples (1 #ic-id1 #ie-ig1 #ig-ii1 #ajj-aja1 #ajb-ajf ,sex plays1 #d ,%akespe>e's plays1 ,sett+s =1 #ib1 #ih-id1 #id-ig1 #ig-ii1 #ajf ,/age bus9ess (1 #eb ,%aw1 ,g4 ,b]n>d1 #c1 #ac1 #cd1 #dg ,%]idan1 ,ri*>d ,br9sley1 #c1 #e ,%e ,/oops to ,conqu]1 #e ,simpson1 ,j4 ,palgrave1 #ajd ,sophocles1 #d ,/aff1 ,duties ( memb]s (1 #i-ag1 #gc-ge ,head ( 7,director7 #h-aj ,organization (1 #h-af ,/age1 ,physical requirem5ts (1 #gf ,revolv+1 #he ,wagon1 #he ,/age bus9ess1 #eb1 #fa1 #fb1 #fd1 #ff1 #fi-gj1 ,examples (1 #fb1 #fc-fd1 #fe ,h[ to rememb]1 #fj ,/age directions1 #bh 7,note7 ,= ,y ,nev] ,c ,tell1 #ce-dj ,/age gr\p+1 see ,,gr\p+ ,light+1 see ,,light+ ,manag]1 ,duties (1 #aj-aa1 #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 #af1 #bb1 #bc1 #bh1 #gd ,sett+s1 see ,,sett+s ,sud]mann1 ,h]mann1 #ajj ,sumurun1 ,backgr\nd =1 #ajf ,t]5ce1 #e ,!atre ( ,to-day1 ,!1 #gf 7,note71 #gi ,!sis plays1 #d ,translations1 #f ,twelf? ,night1 ,sett+s =1 #id-ii1 #ajf ,tw9s1 ,!1 #e ,und]/udies1 #af1 #ba ,wagon ,/age1 #he ,w>drobe mi/ress1 see ,,co/ume ,,man ,w>field1 ,david1 #hi ,wilde1 ,osc>1 #c1 #bd1 #dg ,y ,nev] ,c ,tell1 #c1 #ac ,diagram (1 #dj-de ,quot$1 #ce-dj ,/age directions (1 #dj ,transcrib] ,notes3 ,passages 9 italics 7 indicat$ by und]scores4 ,passages 9 bold 7 indicat$ by equal signs4 ,small caps 7 replac$ ) ,,all ,,caps4 ,?r\gh\t ! 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