,transcriber's ,note ,the role of marginal notes differs from text to text in this collection4 ,please see the ,transcriber's ,notes for how they are rendered in this text version4 ,italics are used freely1 and have been rendered using underscore characters4 ,bold text is indicated as 'bold'4 ,a super-imposed bar spanning several letters1 which is a conventional mode of abbreviation1 is denoted with '' 7eg4 'aa'74 ,the oe ligature is rendered as 'oe'4 ,superscripted letters are indicated with a carat '' as in ',kt'4 ,where multiple characters are superscripted1 are used1 as in ',mrs4' ,the text includes ,greek and several instances of ,hebrew1 both of which are transliterated1 and denoted with '' delimiters as 'greek' or hebrew4 ,the apothecary's symbol for 'ounce'1 occuring once1 is rendered as -#c1 which it resembles4 ,the letter m1 with a macron1 is rendered as m4 ,please consult the more detailed notes at the end of this text4 ,,the ,,english ,,library ,,the ,,works ,,of ,,sir ,,thomas ,,browne ,,volume ,,iii ,,the ,,works ,,of ,,sir ,,thomas ,,browne ,edited by ,,charles ,,sayle ,,volume ,,iii ,,edinburgh ,,john ,,grant #aijg ,,prefatory ,,note ,in concluding the present edition of ,sir ,thomas ,browne's works1 attention may be drawn to the reprint of the ,hydriotaphia1 from the first edition of #afeh4 ,the copy collated was the one preserved in the ,library of ,trinity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,in this1 in addition to the corrections made at the time of publication on the printed label attached1 there are a few others made by a contemporary hand1 which deserve consideration4 ,among these is the excision of a sentence hitherto preserved in the text1 and now relegated to the margin 7p4 #bje74 ,if further sanction were needed for the change indicated1 it may be gathered from the inscription on the title-page1 ',ex dono ,auctoris4' ,the text of the ,christian ,morals of #agaf has been collated with the copy in the same ,library4 ,for the account of ,birds and ,fishes found in ,norfolk 7pp4 #eac-eci71 ,professor ,alfred ,newton generously placed his annotated copy at the disposal of the editor4 ,as those actual pages were in the press1 ,professor ,newton passed away1 and ,death has deprived us of the pleasure of placing this volume in his hands4 ,in this edition ,professor ,newton's readings have been in the main followed1 with the additional help of the valuable recension1 published by ,mr4 ,thomas ,southwell of ,norwich1 in #aijb1 to which every serious student of this treatise must always refer4 ,for further assistance in questions of identification1 ,i am again indebted to the kindness of ,mr4 ,w4 ,aldis ,wright2 and for one correction to ,mr4 ,a4 ,r4 ,waller4 ,sir ,thomas ,browne's ,latin treatises and his correspondence are not included in these volumes4 ,it was the determination of the original publisher of this edition that they should be omitted2 and indeed they do not form the most characteristic part of ,sir ,thomas ,browne's work4 ,his erudition1 and the resources from which he drew1 his amazing industry1 his marvellous diction1 and natural piety--all these are apparent to the general reader of his ,english text2 and it is to such that the present edition of ,sir ,thomas ,browne's works1 as they originally appeared1 will primarily appeal4 ,c4 ,s4 #afth ,june #aijg4 ,,contents ,page ,,prefatory ,,note ,,by ,,the ,,editor1 v ,,pseudodoxia ,,epidemica-- ,,the ,,seventh ,,book3 #a4 ,of the ,forbidden ,fruit1 #a #b4 ,that a ,man hath one ,rib less then a ,woman1 #e #c4 ,of ,methuselah1 #h #d4 ,that there was no ,rain-bow before the ,flood1 #aa #e4 ,of ,sem1 ,ham1 and ,japhet1 #ae #f4 ,that the ,tower of ,babel was erected against a ,second ,deluge1 #ag #g4 ,of the ,mandrakes of ,leah1 #ai #h4 ,of the three ,kings of ,collein1 #be #i4 ,of the food of ,john ,baptist1 ,locust and ,wild ,honey1 #bg #aj4 ,that ,john ,evangelist should not die1 #bi #aa4 ,more compendiously of some others1 #cf #ab4 ,of the ,cessation of ,oracles1 #ci #ac4 ,of the death of ,aristotle1 #db #ad4 ,of the ,wish of ,philoxenus1 #di #ae4 ,of the ,lake ,asphaltites1 #eb #af4 ,of divers other ,relations1 #ef #ag4 ,of some others1 #fe #ah4 ,more briefly of some others1 #gd #ai4 ,of some ,relations whose truth we fear1 #ha ,,hydriotaphia ,,and ,,the ,,garden ,,of ,,cyrus 7#afeh71 #hg ,epistle to ,thomas ,le ,gros1 #hi ,epistle to ,nicholas ,bacon1 #ic ,,hydriotaphia1 #ig ,,the ,,garden ,,of ,,cyrus1 #ade ,the ,stationer to the ,reader1 #baa ,,certain ,,miscellany ,,tracts 7#afhd71 #bac ,the ,publisher to the ,reader1 #bae #a4 ,observations upon several ,plants mentioned in ,scripture1 #bah #b4 ,of ,garlands and ,coronary or ,garden-plants1 #bha #c4 ,of the ,fishes eaten by ,our ,saviour1 #bhf #d4 ,an ,answer to certain ,queries relating to ,fishes1 ,birds1 ,insects1 #bhi #e4 ,of ,hawks and ,falconry1 #bid #f4 ,of ,cymbals1 etc41 #cja #g4 ,of ,ropalic or ,gradual ,verses1 etc41 #cjd #h4 ,of ,languages1 and particularly of the ,saxon ,tongue1 #cjg #i4 ,of ,artificial ,hills1 ,mounts or ,burrows1 #cbb #aj4 ,of ,troas1 etc41 #cbf #aa4 ,of the ,answers of ,apollo at ,delphos to ,croesus1 #ccc #ab4 ,a ,prophecy concerning several ,nations1 #cdb #ac4 ,musum ,clausum1 or ,bibliotheca ,abscondita1 #cej ,a ,,letter ,,to ,a ,,friend 7#afij71 #cfg ,,posthumous ,,works 7#agab71 #cie ,repertorium1 or some ,account of the ,tombs and ,monuments in the ,cathedral ,church of ,norwich in #afhj1 #cig ,,miscellanies3 #a4 ,an ,account of ,island1 alias ,ice-land1 in #affb1 #dbg #b4 ,concerning some ,urnes found in ,brampton-,field1 in ,norfolk1 in #affg1 #dcj #c4 ,concerning too nice ,curiosity1 #dcg #d4 ,upon reading ,hudibras1 #dch ,,christian ,,morals 7#agaf71 #dci ,dedication1 #dda ,preface1 #ddb ,,christian ,,morals1 #ddc ,,notes ,,on ,,certain ,,birds ,,found ,,in ,,norfolk1 #eac ,,notes ,,on ,,certain ,,fishes ,,and ,,marine ,,animals ,,found ,,in ,,norfolk1 #ebf ,,on ,,the ,,ostrich1 #edj ,,boulimia ,,centenaria1 #edd ,,upon ,,the ,,dark ,,mist1 #bg,,th ,,november #afgd1 #ede ,,account ,,of ,a ,,thunderstorm ,,at ,,norwich1 #affe1 #edh ,,on ,,dreams1 #eej ,,observations ,,on ,,grafting1 #eee ,,corrigenda1 #eei ,,index1 #efa ,,plates ,,en ,,sum ,,quod ,,digitis ,,quinque1 to face page #ig ,,quid ,,quincunce ,,speciosius1 #adg ,,the ,,seventh ,,book ,concerning many ,historical ,tenents generally received1 and some deduced from the history of holy ,scripture4 ,,chapter ,i ,of the ,forbidden ,fruit4 ,sidenote3 ,opinions1 of what kind the forbidden fruit was4 ,that the ,forbidden fruit of ,paradise was an ,apple1 is commonly believed1 confirmed by ,tradition1 perpetuated by ,writings1 ,verses1 ,pictures2 and some have been so bad ,prosodians1 as from thence to derive the ,latine word malum1 because that fruit was the first occasion of evil2 wherein notwithstanding determinations are presumptuous1 and many ,i perceive are of another belief4 ,for some have1 conceived it a ,vine2 in the mystery of whose fruit lay the expiation of the transgression3 ,goropius ,becanus reviving the conceit of ,barcephas1 peremptorily concludeth it to be the ,indian ,fig-tree2 and by a witty ,allegory labours to confirm the same4 ,again1 some fruits pass under the name of ,adams apples1 which in common acception admit not that appellation2 the one described by ,mathiolus under the name of ,pomum ,adami1 a very fair fruit1 and not unlike a ,citron1 but somewhat rougher1 chopt and cranied1 vulgarly conceived the marks of ,adams teeth4 ,another1 the fruit of that plant which ,serapion termeth ,musa1 but the ,eastern ,christians commonly the ,apples of ,paradise2 not resembling an apple in figure1 and in taste a ,melon or ,cowcomber4 ,which fruits although they have received appellations suitable unto the tradition1 yet can we not from thence infer they were this fruit in question3 ,no more then ,arbor vit1 so commonly called1 to obtain its name from the tree of life in ,paradise1 or ,arbor ,jud1 to be the same which supplied the gibbet unto ,judas4 ,again1 ,there is no determination in the ,text2 wherein is only particulared that it was the fruit of a tree good for food1 and pleasant unto the eye1 in which regards many excell the ,apple2 and therefore learned men do wisely conceive it inexplicable2 and ,philo puts determination unto despair1 when he affirmeth the same kind of fruit was never produced since4 ,surely were it not requisite to have been concealed1 it had not passed unspecified2 nor the tree revealed which concealed their nakedness1 and that concealed which revealed it2 for in the same chapter mention is made of fig-leaves4 ,and the like particulars1 although they seem uncircumstantial1 are oft set down in holy ,scripture2 so is it specified that ,elias sat under a juniper tree1 ,absalom hanged by an ,oak1 and ,zacheus got up into a ,sycomore4 ,and although to condemn such ,indeterminables unto him that demanded on what hand ,venus was wounded1 the ,philosopher thought it a sufficient resolution to re-inquire upon what leg ,king ,philip halted2 and the ,jews not undoubtedly resolved of the ,sciatica-side of ,jacob ,,sn3 ,jacobs ,sciatica1 see ,gen4 #cb4 #be1 #ca1 #cb41 do cautelously in their diet abstain from the sinews of both3 yet are there many nice particulars which may be authentically determined4 ,that ,peter cut off the right ear of ,malchus1 is beyond all doubt4 ,that our ,saviour eat the ,passover in an upper room1 we may determine from the ,text4 ,and some we may concede which the ,scripture plainly defines not4 ,that the ,dyal of ,ahaz was placed upon the ,west side of the ,temple1 we will not deny1 or contradict the description of ,adricomius4 ,that ,abrahams servant put his hand under his right thigh1 we shall not question2 and that the ,thief on the right hand was saved1 and the other on the left reprobated1 to make good the ,method of the last judicial dismission1 we are ready to admit4 ,but surely in vain we enquire of what wood was ,moses rod1 or the tree that sweetned the waters4 ,or though tradition or humane ,history might afford some light1 whether the ,crown of thorns was made of ,paliurus2 ,whether the cross of ,christ were made of those four woods in the ,distick of ,durantes ,,sn3 ,pes ceorus est1 truncus cupressus1 oliva supremum1 palmaq2 transversum ,christi sunt in cruce lignum41 or only of ,oak1 according unto ,lipsius and ,goropius1 we labour not to determine4 ,for though hereof prudent ,symbols and pious ,allegories be made by wiser ,conceivers2 yet common heads will flie unto superstitious applications1 and hardly avoid miraculous or magical expectations4 ,now the ground or reason that occasioned this expression by an ,apple1 might be the community of this fruit1 and which is often taken for any other4 ,so the ,goddess of ,gardens is termed ,pomona2 so the ,proverb expresseth it to give ,apples unto ,alcinous2 so the fruit which ,paris decided was called an ,apple2 so in the garden of ,hesperides 7which many conceive a fiction drawn from ,paradise7 we read of golden ,apples guarded by the ,dragon4 ,and to speak strictly in this appellation1 they placed it more safely then any other2 for beside the great variety of ,apples1 the word in ,greek comprehendeth ,orenges1 ,lemmons1 ,citrons1 ,quinces2 and as ,ruellius defineth ,,sn3 ,ruel4 de stirpium natura41 such fruits as have no stone within1 and a soft covering without2 excepting the ,pomegranate4 ,and will extend much farther in the acception of ,spigelius ,,sn3 ,isagoge in rem ,herbariam41 who comprehendeth all round fruits under the name of apples1 not excluding ,nuts and ,plumbs4 ,it hath been promoted in some constructions from a passage in the ,canticle ,,sn3 ,can4 #h41 as it runs in the vulgar translation1 ,sub arbore malo suscitavi te1 ibi corrupta est mater tua1 ibi violata est genetrix tua2 ,which words notwithstanding parabolically intended1 admit no literal inference1 and are of little force in our translation1 ,i raised thee under an ,apple-tree1 there thy mother brought thee forth1 there she brought thee forth that bare thee4 ,so when from a basket of summer fruits or apples1 as the vulgar rendreth them1 ,god by ,amos foretold the destruction of his people1 we cannot say they had any reference unto the fruit of ,paradise1 which was the destruction of man2 but thereby was declared the propinquity of their desolation1 and that their tranquility was of no longer duration then those horary or soon decaying fruits of ,summer4 ,nor when it is said in the same translation ,,sn3 ,fructus hori41 ,poma desiderii anim tu discesserunt te1 the apples that thy soul lusted after are departed from thee1 is there any allusion therein unto the fruit of ,paradise4 ,but thereby is threatned unto ,babylon1 that the pleasures and delights of their ,palate should forsake them4 ,and we read in ,pierius1 that an ,apple was the ,hieroglyphick of ,love1 and that the ,statua of ,venus was made with one in her hand4 ,so the little ,cupids in the figures of ,philostratus ,,sn3 ,philostrat4 figur4 #f4 ,de amoribus4 do play with apples in a garden2 and there want not some who have symbolized the ,apple of ,paradise unto such constructions4 ,since therefore after this fruit1 curiosity fruitlesly enquireth1 and confidence blindly determineth1 we shall surcease our ,inquisition2 rather troubled that it was tasted1 then troubling our selves in its decision2 this only we observe1 when things are left uncertain1 men will assure them by determination4 ,which is not only verified concerning the fruit1 but the ,serpent that perswaded2 many defining the kind or species thereof4 ,,sn3 ,opinions of what kind the ,serpent was1 etc4 ,so ,bonaventure and ,comestor affirm it was a ,dragon1 ,eugubinus a ,basilisk1 ,delrio a ,viper1 and others a common snake4 ,wherein men still continue the delusion of the ,serpent1 who having deceived ,eve in the main1 sets her posterity on work to mistake in the circumstance1 and endeavours to propagate errors at any hand4 ,and those he surely most desireth which concern either ,god or himself2 for they dishonour ,god who is absolute truth and goodness2 but for himself1 who is extreamly evil1 and the worst we can conceive1 by aberration of conceit they may extenuate his depravity1 and ascribe some goodness unto him4 ,,chapter ,,ii ,that a ,man hath one ,rib less then a ,woman4 ,that a ,man hath one ,rib less then a ,woman1 is a common conceit derived from the ,history of ,genesis1 wherein it stands delivered1 that ,eve was framed out of a ,rib of ,adam2 whence 'tis concluded the sex of man still wants that rib our ,father lost in ,eve4 ,and this is not only passant with the many1 but was urged against ,columbus in an ,anatomy of his at ,pisa1 where having prepared the ,sceleton of a woman that chanced to have thirteen ribs on one side1 there arose a party that cried him down1 and even unto oaths affirmed1 this was the rib wherein a woman exceeded4 ,were this true1 it would ocularly silence that dispute out of which side ,eve was framed2 it would determine the opinion of ,oleaster1 that she was made out of the ribs of both sides1 or such as from the expression of the ,text ,,sn3 ,os ex ossibus meis4 maintain there was a plurality of ribs required2 and might indeed decry the parabolical exposition of ,origen1 ,cajetan1 and such as fearing to concede a monstrosity1 or mutilate the integrity of ,adam1 preventively conceive the creation of thirteen ribs4 ,sidenote3 ,how many ribs commonly in men and women4 ,but this will not consist with reason or inspection4 ,for if we survey the ,sceleton of both sexes1 and therein the compage of bones1 we shall readily discover that men and women have four and twenty ribs1 that is1 twelve on each side1 seven greater annexed unto the ,sternon1 and five lesser which come short thereof4 ,wherein if it sometimes happen that either sex exceed1 the conformation is irregular1 deflecting from the common rate or number1 and no more inferrible upon mankind1 then the monstrosity of the son of ,rapha1 or the vitious excess in the number of fingers and toes4 ,and although some difference there be in figure and the female os inominatum be somewhat more protuberant1 to make a fairer cavity for the ,infant2 the coccyx sometime more reflected to give the easier delivery1 and the ribs themselves seem a little flatter1 yet are they equal in number4 ,and therefore while ,aristotle doubteth the relations made of ,nations1 which had but seven ribs on a side1 and yet delivereth1 that men have generally no more than eight2 as he rejecteth their history1 so can we not accept of his ,anatomy4 ,again1 ,although we concede there wanted one rib in the ,sceleton of ,adam1 yet were it repugnant unto reason and common observation that his posterity should want the same4 ,for we observe that mutilations are not transmitted from father unto son2 the blind begetting such as can see1 men with one eye children with two1 and cripples mutilate in their own persons do come out perfect in their generations4 ,for the seed conveyeth with it not only the extract and single ,idea of every part1 whereby it transmits their perfections or infirmities2 but double and over again2 whereby sometimes it multipliciously delineates the same1 as in ,twins1 in mixed and numerous generations4 ,parts of the seed do seem to contain the ,idea and power of the whole2 so parents deprived of hands1 beget manual issues1 and the defect of those parts is supplied by the ,idea of others4 ,so in one grain of corn appearing similary and insufficient for a plural germination1 there lyeth dormant the virtuality of many other2 and from thence sometimes proceed above an hundred ears4 ,and thus may be made out the cause of multiparous productions2 for though the seminal materials disperse and separate in the matrix1 the formative operator will not delineate a part1 but endeavour the formation of the whole2 effecting the same as far as the matter will permit1 and from dividing materials attempt entire formations4 ,and therefore1 though wondrous strange1 it may not be impossible what is confirmed at ,lausdun concerning the ,countess of ,holland1 nor what ,albertus reports of the birth of an hundred and fifty4 ,and if we consider the magnalities of generation in some things1 we shall not controvert its possibilities in others3 nor easily question that great work1 whose wonders are only second unto those of the ,creation1 and a close apprehension of the one1 might perhaps afford a glimmering light1 and crepusculous glance of the other4 ,,chapter ,,iii ,of ,methuselah4 ,what hath been every where opinioned by all men1 and in all times1 is more then paradoxical to dispute2 and so that ,methuselah was the longest liver of all the posterity of ,adam1 we quietly believe3 but that he must needs be so1 is perhaps below paralogy to deny4 ,for hereof there is no determination from the ,text2 wherein it is only particulared he was the longest ,liver of all the ,patriarchs whose age is there expressed2 but that he out-lived all others1 we cannot well conclude4 ,for of those nine whose death is mentioned before the flood1 the ,text expresseth that ,enoch was the shortest ,liver2 who saw but three hundred sixty-five years4 ,but to affirm from hence1 none of the rest1 whose age is not expressed1 did die before that time1 is surely an illation whereto we cannot assent4 ,again1 ,many persons there were in those days of longevity1 of whose age notwithstanding there is no account in ,scripture2 as of the race of ,cain1 the wives of the nine ,patriarchs1 with all the sons and daughters that every one begat3 whereof perhaps some persons might out-live ,methuselah2 the ,text intending only the masculine line of ,seth1 conduceable unto the ,genealogy of our ,saviour1 and the antediluvian ,chronology4 ,and therefore we must not contract the lives of those which are left in silence by ,moses2 for neither is the age of ,abel expressed in the ,scripture1 yet is he conceived far elder then commonly opinioned2 and if we allow the conclusion of his ,epitaph as made by ,adam1 and so set down by ,salian1 ,posuit moerens pater1 cui filio justius positum foret1 ,anno ab ortu rerum #acj4 ,ab ,abele nato #abi1 we shall not need to doubt4 ,which notwithstanding ,cajetan and others confirm1 nor is it improbable1 if we conceive that ,abel was born in the second year of ,adam1 and ,seth a year after the death of ,abel3 for so it being said1 that ,adam was an hundred and thirty years old when he begat ,seth1 ,abel must perish the year before1 which was one hundred twenty nine4 ,and if the account of ,cain extend unto the ,deluge1 it may not be improbable that some thereof exceeded any of ,seth4 ,nor is it unlikely in life1 riches1 power and temporal blessings1 they might surpass them in this world1 whose lives related unto the next4 ,for so when the seed of ,jacob was under affliction and captivity1 that of ,ismael and ,esau flourished and grew mighty1 there proceeding from the one twelve ,princes1 from the other no less then fourteen ,dukes and eight ,kings4 ,and whereas the age of ,cain and his posterity is not delivered in the ,text1 some do salve it from the secret method of ,scripture1 which sometimes wholly omits1 but seldom or never delivers the entire duration of wicked and faithless persons1 as is observable in the history of ,esau1 and the ,kings of ,israel and ,judah4 ,and therefore when mention is made that ,ismael lived #acg years1 some conceive he adhered unto the faith of ,abraham2 for so did others who were not descended from ,jacob2 for ,job is thought to be an ,idumean1 and of the seed of ,esau4 ,,sn3 ,job thought by some to be of the race of ,esau4 ,lastly 7although we rely not thereon7 we will not omit that conceit urged by learned men1 that ,adam was elder then ,methuselah2 inasmuch as he was created in the perfect age of man1 which was in those days #ej or #fj years1 for about that time we read that they begat children2 so that if unto #icj we add #fj years1 he will exceed ,methuselah4 ,and therefore if not in length of days1 at least in old age he surpassed others2 he was older then all1 who was never so young as any4 ,for though he knew old age1 he was never acquainted with puberty1 youth or ,infancy2 and so in a strict account he begat children at one year old4 ,and if the usual compute will hold1 that men are of the same age which are born within compass of the same year1 ,eve was as old as her husband and parent ,adam1 and ,cain their son coetaneous unto both4 ,now that conception1 that no man did ever attain unto a thousand years1 because none should ever be one day old in the sight of the ,lord1 unto whom according to that of ,david1 ,a thousand years are but one day1 doth not advantage ,methuselah4 ,and being deduced from a popular expression1 which will not stand a ,metaphysical and strict examination1 is not of force to divert a serious enquirer4 ,for unto ,god a thousand years are no more then one moment1 and in his sight ,methuselah lived no nearer one day then ,abel1 for all parts of time are alike unto him1 unto whom none are referrible2 and all things present1 unto whom nothing is past or to come4 ,and therefore1 although we be measured by the ,zone of time1 and the flowing and continued instants thereof1 do weave at last a line and circle about the eldest3 yet can we not thus commensurate the sphere of ,trismegistus2 or sum up the unsuccessive and stable duration of ,god4 ,,chapter ,,iv ,that there was no ,rain-bow before the ,flood4 ,that there shall no ,rain-bow appear forty years before the end of the world1 and that the preceding drought unto that great flame shall exhaust the materials of this ,meteor1 was an assertion grounded upon no solid reason3 but that there was not any in sixteen hundred years1 that is1 before the flood1 seems deduceable from holy ,scripture1 ,gen4 #i4 ,i do set my bow in the clouds1 and it shall be for a token of a ,covenant between me and the earth4 ,from whence notwithstanding we cannot conclude the nonexistence of the ,rain-bow2 nor is that ,chronology naturally established1 which computeth the antiquity of effects arising from physical and setled causes1 by additionall impositions from voluntary determinators4 ,now by the decree of reason and ,philosophy1 the ,rain-bow hath its ground in ,nature1 as caused by the rays of the ,sun1 falling upon a roride and opposite cloud3 whereof some reflected1 others refracted1 beget that semi-circular variety we generally call the ,rain-bow2 which must succeed upon concurrence of causes and subjects aptly predisposed4 ,and therefore1 to conceive there was no ,rain-bow before1 because ,god chose this out as a token of the ,covenant1 is to conclude the existence of things from their signalities1 or of what is objected unto the sense1 a coexistence with that which is internally presented unto the understanding4 ,with equall reason we may infer there was no water before the institution of ,baptism1 nor bread and wine before the holy ,eucharist4 ,sidenote3 ,that there is a ,rain-bow of the ,moon4 ,again1 while men deny the antiquity of one ,rain-bow1 they anciently concede another4 ,for1 beside the solary ,iris which ,god shewed unto ,noah1 there is another ,lunary1 whose efficient is the ,moon1 visible only in the night1 most commonly at full ,moon1 and some degrees above the ,horizon4 ,now the existence hereof men do not controvert1 although effected by a different ,luminary in the same way with the other4 ,and probably appeared later1 as being of rare appearance and rarer observation1 and many there are which think there is no such thing in ,nature4 ,and therefore by casual spectators they are lookt upon like prodigies1 and significations made1 not signified by their natures4 ,lastly1 ,we shall not need to conceive ,god made the ,rain-bow at this time1 if we consider that in its created and predisposed nature1 it was more proper for this signification then any other ,meteor or celestial appearancy whatsoever4 ,thunder and lightning had too much terrour to have been tokens of mercy2 ,comets or blazing ,stars appear too seldom to put us in mind of a ,covenant to be remembred often3 and might rather signifie the world should be once destroyed by fire1 then never again by water4 ,the ,galaxia or milky ,circle had been more probable2 for 7beside that unto the latitude of thirty1 it becomes their ,horizon twice in four and twenty hours1 and unto such as live under the quator1 in that space the whole ,circle appeareth7 part thereof is visible unto any situation2 but being only discoverable in the night1 and when the ayr is clear1 it becomes of unfrequent and comfortless signification4 ,a fixed ,star had not been visible unto all the ,globe1 and so of too narrow a signality in a ,covenant concerning all4 ,but ,rain-bows are seen unto all the world1 and every position of sphere4 ,unto our own elevation they may appear in the morning1 while the ,sun hath attained about forty five degrees above the ,horizon 7which is conceived the largest semi-diameter of any ,iris7 and so in the afternoon when it hath declined unto that altitude again2 which height the ,sun not attaining in winter1 rain-bows may happen with us at noon or any time4 ,unto a right position of sphere they may appear three hours after the rising of the ,sun1 and three before its setting2 for the ,sun ascending fifteen degrees an hour1 in three attaineth forty five of altitude4 ,even unto a parallel sphere1 and such as live under the pole1 for half a year some segments may appear at any time and under any quarter1 the ,sun not setting1 but walking round about them4 ,sidenote3 ,the natural signification of the rain-bow4 ,but the propriety of its ,election most properly appeareth in the natural signification and prognostick of it self2 as containing a mixt signality of rain and fair weather4 ,for being in a roride cloud and ready to drop1 it declareth a pluvious disposure in the air2 but because when it appears the ,sun must also shine1 there can be no universal showrs1 and consequently no ,deluge4 ,thus when the windows of the great deep were open1 in vain men lookt for the ,rain-bow3 for at that time it could not be seen1 which after appeared unto ,noah4 ,it might be therefore existent before the flood1 and had in nature some ground of its addition4 ,unto that of nature ,god superadded an assurance of his ,promise1 that is1 never to hinder its appearance1 or so to replenish the heavens again1 as that we should behold it no more4 ,and thus without disparaging the promise1 it might rain at the same time when ,god shewed it unto ,noah2 thus was there more therein then the heathens understood1 when they called it the ,nuncia of the gods1 and the laugh of weeping ,heaven ,,sn3 ,risus plorantis ,olympi42 and thus may it be elegantly said2 ,i put my bow1 not my arrow in the clouds1 that is1 in the menace of rain the mercy of fair weather4 ,cabalistical heads1 who from that expression in ,esay ,,sn3 ,isa4 #cd4 #d41 do make a book of heaven1 and read therein the great concernments of earth1 do literally play on this1 and from its semicircular figure1 resembling the ,hebrew letter ,c ,caph1 whereby is signified the uncomfortable number of twenty1 at which years ,joseph was sold1 which ,jacob lived under ,laban1 and at which men were to go to war3 do note a propriety in its signification2 as thereby declaring the dismal ,time of the ,deluge4 ,and ,christian conceits do seem to strain as high1 while from the irradiation of the ,sun upon a cloud1 they apprehend the mysterie of the ,sun of ,righteousness in the obscurity of flesh2 by the colours green and red1 the two destructions of the world by fire and water2 or by the colours of blood and water1 the mysteries of ,baptism1 and the holy ,eucharist4 ,laudable therefore is the custom of the ,jews1 who upon the appearance of the ,rain-bow1 do magnifie the fidelity of ,god in the memory of his ,covenant2 according to that of ,syracides1 look upon the ,rain-bow1 and praise him that made it4 ,and though some pious and ,christian pens have only symbolized the same from the mysterie of its colours1 yet are there other affections which might admit of ,theological allusions4 ,nor would he find a more improper subject1 that should consider that the colours are made by refraction of ,light1 and the shadows that limit that light2 that the ,center of the ,sun1 the ,rain-bow1 and the eye of the ,beholder must be in one right line1 that the spectator must be between the ,sun and the ,rain-bow2 that sometime there appear1 sometime one reversed4 ,with many others1 considerable in ,meteorological ,divinity1 which would more sensibly make out the ,epithite of the ,heathens ,,sn3 ,thaumancias42 and the expression of the son of ,syrach4 ,very beautifull is the ,rain-bow1 it compasseth the heaven about with a glorious circle1 and the hands of the most ,high have bended it4 ,,chapter ,v ,of ,sem1 ,ham and ,japhet4 ,concerning the three sons of ,noah1 ,sem1 ,ham and ,japhet1 that the order of their nativity was according to that of numeration1 and ,japhet the youngest son1 as most believe1 as ,austin and others account1 the sons of ,japhet1 and ,europeans need not grant3 nor will it so well concord unto the letter of the ,text1 and its readiest interpretations4 ,for so is it said in our ,translation1 ,sem the father of all the sons of ,heber the brother of ,japhet the elder3 so by the ,septuagint1 and so by that of ,tremelius4 ,and therefore when the ,vulgar reads it1 ,fratre ,japhet majore1 the mistake as ,junius observeth1 might be committed by the neglect of the ,hebrew account2 which occasioned ,jerom so to render it1 and many after to believe it4 ,nor is that ,argument contemptible which is deduced from their ,chronology3 for probable it is that ,noah had none of them before1 and begat them from that year when it is said he was five hundred years old1 and begat ,sem1 ,ham and ,japhet4 ,again it is said he was six hundred years old at the flood1 and that two years after ,sem was but an hundred2 therefore ,sem must be born when ,noah was five hundred and two1 and some other before in the year of five hundred and one4 ,now whereas the ,scripture affordeth the priority of order unto ,sem1 we cannot from thence infer his primogeniture4 ,for in ,sem the holy line was continued3 and therefore however born1 his genealogy was most remarkable4 ,so is it not unusuall in holy ,scripture to nominate the younger before the elder3 so is it said1 ,that ,tarah begat ,abraham,,sn3 ,gen4 #aa41 ,nachor and ,haram3 whereas ,haram was the eldest4 ,so ,rebecca ,,sn3 ,gen4 #bh4 is termed the mother of ,jacob and ,esau4 ,nor is it strange the younger should be first in nomination1 who have commonly had the priority in the blessings of ,god1 and been first in his benediction4 ,,sn3 ,in divine benedictions the younger often preferred4 ,so ,abel was accepted before ,cain1 ,isaac the younger preferred before ,ishmael the elder1 ,jacob before ,esau1 ,joseph was the youngest of twelve1 and ,david the eleventh son and minor cadet of ,jesse4 ,lastly1 though ,japhet were not elder then ,sem1 yet must we not affirm that he was younger then ,cham1 for it is plainly delivered1 that after ,sem and ,japhet had covered ,noah1 he awaked1 and knew what his youngest son had done unto him hyios ho neteros1 is the expression of the ,septuagint1 ,filius minor of ,jerom1 and minimus of ,tremelius4 ,and upon these grounds perhaps ,josephus doth vary from the ,scripture enumeration1 and nameth them ,sem1 ,japhet and ,cham2 which is also observed by the ,annian ,berosus2 ,noah cum tribus filiis1 ,semo1 ,japeto1 ,cham4 ,and therefore although in the priority of ,sem and ,japhet1 there may be some difficulty1 though ,cyril1 ,epiphanius and ,austin have accounted ,sem the elder1 and ,salian the ,annalist1 and ,petavius the ,chronologist contend for the same1 yet ,cham is more plainly and confessedly named the youngest in the ,text4 ,sidenote3 ,that ,noah and ,saturn were the same person4 ,and this is more conformable unto the ,pagan history and ,gentile account hereof1 unto whom ,noah was ,saturn1 whose symbol was a ship1 as relating unto the ,ark1 and who is said to have divided the world between his three sons4 ,ham is conceived to be ,jupiter1 who was the youngest son3 worshipped by the name of ,hamon1 which was the ,egyptian and ,african name for ,jupiter1 who is said to have cut off the genitals of his father1 derived from the history of ,ham1 who beheld the nakednes of his1 and by no hard mistake might be confirmed from the ,text ,,sn3 ,gen4 #i4 #bb41 as ,bochartus ,,sn3 ,reading ,veiaggod et abscidit1 for ,veiegged et nunciavit4 ,bochartus de ,geographia sacr4 hath well observed4 ,,chapter ,,vi ,that the ,tower of ,babel was erected against a second ,deluge4 ,an opinion there is of some generality1 that our fathers after the flood attempted the ,tower of ,babel to secure themselves against a second ,deluge4 ,which however affirmed by ,josephus and others1 hath seemed improbable unto many who have discoursed hereon4 ,for 7beside that they could not be ignorant of the ,promise of ,god never to drown the world again1 and had the ,rain-bow before their eyes to put them in mind thereof7 it is improbable from the nature of the ,deluge2 which being not possibly causable from natural showers above1 or watery eruptions below1 but requiring a supernatural hand1 and such as all acknowledg irresistible2 must needs disparage their knowledg and judgment in so succesless attempts4 ,again1 ,they must probably hear1 and some might know1 that the waters of the flood ascended fifteen cubits above the highest mountains4 ,now1 if as some define1 the perpendicular altitude of the highest mountains be four miles2 or as others1 but fifteen furlongs1 it is not easily conceived how such a structure could be effected4 ,although we allowed the description of ,herodotus concerning the ,tower of ,belus2 whose lowest story was in height and bredth one furlong1 and seven more built upon it2 abating that of the ,annian ,berosus1 the traditional relation of ,jerom1 and fabulous account of the ,jews4 ,probable it is that what they attempted was feasible1 otherwise they had been amply fooled in fruitless success of their labours1 nor needed ,god to have hindred them1 saying1 ,nothing will be restrained from them1 which they begin to do4 ,sidenote3 ,history of the world4 ,it was improbable from the place1 that is a plain in the land of ,shinar4 ,and if the situation of ,babylon were such at first as it was in the days of ,herodotus1 it was rather a feat of amenity and pleasure1 than conducing unto this intention4 ,it being in a very great plain1 and so improper a place to provide against a general ,deluge by ,towers and eminent structures1 that they were fain to make provisions against particular and annual inundations by ditches and trenches1 after the manner of ,egypt4 ,and therefore ,sir ,walter ,raleigh accordingly objecteth3 ,if the ,nations which followed ,nimrod1 still doubted the surprise of a second flood1 according to the opinions of the ancient ,hebrews1 it soundeth ill to the ear of ,reason1 that they would have spent many years in that low and overflown valley of ,mesopotamia4 ,and therefore in this situation1 they chose a place more likely to have secured them from the worlds destruction by fire1 then another ,deluge of water3 and as ,pierius observeth1 some have conceived that this was their intention4 ,lastly1 ,the reason is delivered in the ,text4 ,let us build us a ,city and a ,tower1 whose top may reach unto heaven1 and let us make us a name1 lest we be scattered abroad upon the whole earth2 as we have already began to wander over a part4 ,these were the open ends proposed unto the people2 but the secret design of ,nimrod was to settle unto himself a place of dominion1 and rule over his ,brethren1 as it after succeeded1 according to the delivery of the ,text1 the beginning of his kingdom was ,babel4 ,,chapter ,,vii ,of the ,mandrakes of ,leah4 ,we shall not omit the ,mandrakes of ,leah1 according to the ,history of ,genesis4 ,and ,reuben went out in the daies of ,wheat-harvest1 and found ,mandrakes in the field1 and brought them unto his mother ,leah2 then ,rachel said unto ,leah1 give me1 ,i pray thee1 of thy sons ,mandrakes3 and she said unto her1 is it a small matter that thou hast taken my husband1 and wouldest thou take my sons ,mandrakes also8 and ,rachel said1 ,therefore he shall lie with thee this night for thy sons ,mandrakes4 ,from whence hath arisen a common conceit1 that ,rachel requested these plants as a medicine of fecundation1 or whereby she might become fruitfull4 ,which notwithstanding is very questionable1 and of incertain truth4 ,for first from the comparison of one ,text with another1 whether the ,mandrakes here mentioned1 be the same plant which holds that name with us1 there is some cause to doubt4 ,the word is used in another place of ,scripture1 ,,sn3 ,cant4 #g4 when the ,church inviting her beloved into the fields1 among the delightfull fruits of ,grapes and ,pomegranates1 it is said1 ,the ,mandrakes give a smell1 and at our gates are all manner of pleasant fruits4 ,now instead of a smell of ,delight1 our ,mandrakes afford a papaverous and unpleasant odor1 whether in the leaf or apple1 as is discoverable in their simplicity or mixture4 ,the same is also dubious from the different interpretations3 for though the ,septuagint and ,josephus do render it the ,apples of ,mandrakes in this ,text1 yet in the other of the ,canticles1 the ,chaldy ,paraphrase termeth it ,balsame4 ,r4 ,solomon1 as ,drusius observeth1 conceives it to be that plant the ,arabians named ,jesemin4 ,oleaster1 and ,georgius ,venetus1 the ,lilly1 and that the word ,dudaim may comprehend any plant that hath a good smell1 resembleth a womans breast1 and flourisheth in wheat harvest4 ,tremelius interprets the same for any amiable flowers of a pleasant and delightfull odor3 but the ,geneva ,translators have been more wary then any3 for although they retain the word ,mandrake in the ,text1 they in effect retract it in the ,margin3 wherein is set down the word in the original is ,dudaim1 which is a kind of fruit or ,flower unknown4 ,sidenote3 ,the vegetables in ,h4 ,scripture how variously expounded4 ,nor shall we wonder at the dissent of exposition1 and difficulty of definition concerning this ,text1 if we perpend how variously the vegetables of ,scripture are expounded1 and how hard it is in many places to make out the species determined4 ,thus are we at variance concerning the plant that covered ,jonas2 which though the ,septuagint doth render ,colocynthis1 the ,spanish ,calabaca1 and ours accordingly a ,gourd3 yet the vulgar translates it ,hedera or ,ivy2 and as ,grotius observeth1 ,jerom thus translated it1 not as the same plant1 but best apprehended thereby4 ,the ,italian of ,diodati1 and that of ,tremelius have named it ,ricinus1 and so hath ours in the ,margin1 for palma ,christi is the same with ,ricinus4 ,the ,geneva ,translators have herein been also circumspect1 for they have retained the ,original word ,kikaion1 and ours hath also affixed the same unto the ,margin4 ,nor are they indeed alwayes the same plants which are delivered under the same name1 and appellations commonly received amongst us4 ,so when it is said of ,solomon1 that he writ of plants from the ,cedar of ,lebanus1 unto the ,hysop that groweth upon the wall1 that is1 from the greatest unto the smallest1 it cannot be well conceived our common ,hysop2 for neither is that the least of vegetables1 nor observed to grow upon wals2 but rather as ,lemnius well conceiveth1 some kind of the capillaries1 which are very small plants1 and only grow upon wals and stony places4 ,nor are the four species in the holy oyntment1 ,cinnamon1 ,myrrhe1 ,calamus and ,cassia1 nor the other in the holy perfume1 ,frankincense1 ,stacte1 ,onycha and ,galbanum1 so agreeably expounded unto those in use with us1 as not to leave considerable doubts behind them4 ,nor must that perhaps be taken for a simple unguent1 which ,matthew only termeth a precious oyntment2 but rather a composition as ,mark and ,john imply by pistick ,nard ,,sn3 ,v4 ,mathioli4 ,epist41 that is faithfully dispensed1 and may be that famous composition described by ,dioscorides1 made of oyl of ,ben1 ,malabathrum1 ,juncus ,odoratus1 ,costus1 ,amomum1 ,myrrhe1 ,balsam and ,nard2 which ,galen affirmeth to have been in use with the delicate ,dames of ,rome2 and that the best thereof was made at ,laodicea2 from whence by ,merchants it was conveyed unto other parts4 ,but how to make out that ,translation concerning the ,tithe of ,mint1 ,anise and ,cumin1 we are still to seek2 for we find not a word in the ,text that can properly be rendred ,anise2 the ,greek being anthon1 which the ,latines call ,anethum1 and is properly ,englished ,dill4 ,lastly1 ,what meteor that was1 that fed the ,israelites so many years1 they must rise again to inform us4 ,nor do they make it out ,,sn3 ,v4 ,doctissimum ,chrysostom4 ,magnenum de ,manna41 who will have it the same with our ,manna2 nor will any one kind thereof1 or hardly all kinds we read of1 be able to answer the qualities thereof1 delivered in the ,scripture2 that is1 to fall upon the ground1 to breed worms1 to melt with the ,sun1 to taste like fresh oyl1 to be grounded in ,mils1 to be like ,coriander seed1 and of the colour of ,bdellium4 ,again1 ,it is not deducible from the ,text or concurrent sentence of ,comments1 that ,rachel had any such intention1 and most do rest in the determination of ,austin1 that she desired them for rarity1 pulchritude or suavity4 ,nor is it probable she would have resigned her bed unto ,leah1 when at the same time she had obtained a medicine to fructifie her self4 ,and therefore ,drusius who hath expresly and favourable treated hereof1 is so far from conceding this intention1 that he plainly concludeth1 ,hoc quo modo illis in mentem venerit conjicere nequeo2 how this conceit fell into mens minds1 it cannot fall into mine2 for the ,scripture delivereth it not1 nor can it be clearly deduced from the ,text4 ,thirdly1 ,if ,rachel had any such intention1 yet had they no such effect1 for she conceived not many years after of ,joseph2 whereas in the mean time ,leah had three children1 ,isachar1 ,zebulon and ,dinah4 ,lastly1 ,although at that time they failed of this effect1 yet is it mainly questionable whether they had any such vertue either in the opinions of those times1 or in their proper nature4 ,that the opinion was popular in the land of ,canaan1 it is improbable1 and had ,leah understood thus much1 she would not surely have parted with fruits of such a faculty2 especially unto ,rachel1 who was no friend unto her4 ,as for its proper nature1 the ,ancients have generally esteemed in ,narcotick or stupefactive1 and it is to be found in the list of poysons1 set down by ,dioscorides1 ,galen1 tius1 gineta1 and several ,antidotes delivered by them against it4 ,it was ,i confess from good ,antiquity1 and in the days of ,theophrastus accounted a philtre1 or plant that conciliates affection2 and so delivered by ,dioscorides4 ,and this intent might seem most probable1 had they not been the wives of holy ,jacob3 had ,rachel presented them unto him1 and not requested them for her self4 ,now what ,dioscorides affirmeth in favour of this effect1 that the grains of the apples of ,mandrakes mundifie the matrix1 and applied with ,sulphur1 stop the fluxes of women1 he overthrows again by qualities destructive unto conception2 affirming also that the juice thereof purgeth upward like ,hellebore2 and applied in pessaries provokes the menstruous flows1 and procures abortion4 ,petrus ,hispanus1 or ,pope ,john the twentieth speaks more directly in his ,thesaurus pauperum3 wherein among the receits of fecundation1 he experimentally commendeth the wine of ,mandrakes given with ,triphera magna4 ,but the soul of the medicine may lie in ,triphera magna1 an excellent composition1 and for this effect commended by ,nicolaus4 ,and whereas ,levinus ,lemnius that eminent ,physitian doth also concede this effect1 it is from manifest causes and qualities elemental occasionally producing the same4 ,for he imputeth the same unto the coldness of that simple1 and is of opinion that in hot climates1 and where the uterine parts exceed in heat1 by the coldness hereof they may be reduced into a conceptive constitution1 and ,crasis accommodable unto generation2 whereby indeed we will not deny the due and frequent use may proceed unto some effect1 from whence notwithstanding we cannot infer a fertilitating condition or property of fecundation4 ,for in this way all vegetables do make fruitful according unto the complexion of the ,matrix2 if that excel in heat1 plants exceeding in cold do rectifie it2 if it be cold1 simples that are hot reduce it2 if dry moist1 if moist dry correct it2 in which division all plants are comprehended4 ,but to distinguish thus much is a point of ,art1 and beyond the ,method of ,rachels or feminine ,physick4 ,again1 ,whereas it may be thought that ,mandrakes may fecundate1 since ,poppy hath obtained the ,epithite of fruitful1 and that fertility was ,hieroglyphically described by ,venus with an head of ,poppy in her hand2 the reason hereof was the multitude of seed within it self1 and no such multiplying in humane generation4 ,and lastly1 whereas they may seem to have this quality1 since ,opium it self is conceived to extimulate unto venery1 and for that intent is sometimes used by ,turks1 ,persians1 and most oriental ,nations2 although ,winclerus doth seem to favour the conceit1 yet ,amatus ,lusitanus1 and ,rodericus ,castro are against it2 ,garcias ab horto refutes it from experiment2 and they speak probably who affirm the intent and effect of eating ,opium ,,sn3 ,opium1 of what effect in venery41 it not so much to invigorate themselves in coition1 as to prolong the ,act1 and spin out the motions of carnality4 ,,chapter ,,viii ,of the three ,kings of ,collein4 ,sidenote3 ,three magi or wise men 7,mat4 #b47 ,what manner of ,kings they were4 ,a common conceit there is of the three ,kings of ,collein1 conceived to be the wise men that travelled unto our ,saviour by the direction of the ,star1 ,wherein 7omitting the large ,discourses of ,baronius1 ,pineda and ,montacutius17 that they might be ,kings1 beside the ,ancient ,tradition and ,authority of many ,fathers1 the ,scripture also implieth4 ,the ,gentiles shall come to thy light1 and ,kings to the brightness of thy rising4 ,the ,kings of ,tharsis and the ,isles1 the ,kings of ,arabia and ,saba shall offer gifts1 which places most ,christians and many ,rabbins interpret of the ,messiah4 ,not that they are to be conceived potent monarchs1 or mighty ,kings2 but ,toparks1 ,kings of ,cities or narrow ,territories2 such as were the ,kings of ,sodom and ,gomorrah1 the ,kings of ,jericho and ,ai1 the one and thirty which ,joshuah subdued1 and such as some conceive the ,friends of ,job to have been4 ,but although we grant they were ,kings1 yet can we not be assured they were three4 ,for the ,scripture maketh no mention of any number2 and the numbers of their presents1 ,gold1 ,myrrhe and ,frankincense1 concludeth not the number of their persons2 for these were the commodities of their ,country1 and such as probably the ,queen of ,sheba in one person had brought before unto ,solomon4 ,so did not the sons of ,jacob divide the present unto ,joseph1 but are conceived to carry one for them all1 according to the expression of their ,father--,take of the best fruits of the land in your vessels1 and carry down the man a present4 ,and therefore their number being uncertain1 what credit is to be given unto their names1 ,gasper1 ,melchior1 ,balthazar1 what to the charm thereof against the falling sickness ,,sn3 ,gaspar fert myrrham1 etc41 or what unto their habits1 complexions1 and corporal accidents1 we must rely on their uncertain story1 and received pourtraits of ,collein4 ,lastly1 ,although we grant them ,kings1 and three in number1 yet could we not conceive that they were ,kings of ,collein4 ,for though ,collein were the chief ,city of the ,ubii1 then called ,ubiopolis1 and afterwards ,agrippina1 yet will no ,history inform us there were three ,kings thereof4 ,beside1 these being rulers in their ,countries1 and returning home1 would have probably converted their subjects3 but according unto ,munster1 their conversion was not wrought until seventy years after by ,maternus a disciple of ,peter4 ,and lastly1 it is said that the wise men came from the ,east2 but ,collein is seated ,west-ward from ,jerusalem2 for ,collein hath of longitude thirty four degrees1 but ,jerusalem seventy two4 ,sidenote3 ,and why of ,collein4 ,the ground of all was this4 ,these wise men or ,kings1 were probably of ,arabia1 and descended from ,abraham by ,keturah1 who apprehending the mystery of this ,star1 either by the ,spirit of ,god1 the prophesie of ,balaam1 the prophesie which ,suetonius mentions1 received and constantly believed through all the ,east1 that out of ,jury one should come that should rule the whole world3 or the divulged expectation of the ,jews from the expiring prediction of ,daniel3 were by the same conducted unto ,judea1 returned unto their ,country1 and were after baptized by ,thomas4 ,from whence about three hundred years after1 by ,helena the ,empress their bodies were translated to ,constantinople4 ,from thence by ,eustatius unto ,millane1 and at last by ,renatus the ,bishop unto ,collein3 where they are believed at present to remain1 their monuments shewn unto strangers1 and having lost their ,arabian titles1 are crowned ,kings of ,collein4 ,,chapter ,,ix ,of the food of ,john ,baptist1 ,locusts and ,wild-honey4 ,concerning the food of ,john ,baptist in the wilderness1 ,locusts and ,wild-honey1 lest popular opiniatrity should arise1 we will deliver the chief opinions4 ,the first conceiveth the ,locusts here mentioned to be that fruit which the ,greeks name keration mentioned by ,luke in the diet of the ,prodigal son1 the ,latins ,siliqua1 and some ,panis ,sancti ,johannis2 included in a broad ,cod1 and indeed a taste almost as pleasant as ,honey4 ,but this opinion doth not so truly impugn that of the ,locusts3 and might rather call into controversie the meaning of ,wild-honey4 ,sidenote3 ,opinions concerning akrides1 or the ,locusts of ,s4 ,john ,baptist4 ,the second affirmeth that they were the tops or tender crops of trees3 for so ,locusta also signifieth3 which conceit is plausible in ,latin1 but will not hold in ,greek1 wherein the word is akris1 except for akrides1 we read akrodrya1 or akremones1 which signifie the extremities of trees1 of which belief have divers been3 more confidently ,isidore ,peleusiota1 who in his ,epistles plainly affirmeth they think unlearnedly who are of another belief4 ,and this so wrought upon ,baronius1 that he concludeth in neutrality2 ,hc cum scribat ,isidorus definiendum nobis non est et totum relinquimus lectoris arbitrio2 nam constat ,grcam dictionem akrides1 et ,locustam1 insecti genus1 et arborum summitates significare4 ,sed fallitur1 saith ,montacutius1 nam constat contrarium1 ,akrida apud nullum authorem classicum ,akrodrya significare4 ,but above all ,paracelsus with most animosity promoteth this opinion1 and in his book de melle1 spareth not his ,friend ,erasmus4 ,hoc nonnullis ita explicatur ut dicant ,locastus aut cicadas ,johanni pro cibo fuisse2 sed hi stultitiam dissimulare non possunt1 veluti ,jeronimus1 ,erasmus1 et alii ,prophet ,neoterici in ,latinitate immortui4 ,sidenote3 ,the more probable what4 ,a third affirmeth that they were properly ,locusts3 that is1 a sheath-winged and six-footed insect1 such as is our ,grashopper4 ,and this opinion seems more probable than the other4 ,for beside the authority of ,origen1 ,jerom1 ,chrysostom1 ,hillary and ,ambrose to confirm it3 this is the proper signification of the word1 thus used in ,scripture by the ,septuagint1 ,greek vocabularies thus expound it4 ,suidas on the word ,akris observes it to be that animal whereon the ,baptist fed in the desert2 in this sense the word is used by ,aristotle1 ,dioscorides1 ,galen1 and several humane ,authors4 ,and lastly1 there is no absurdity in this interpretation1 or any solid reason why we should decline it1 it being a food permitted unto the ,jews1 whereof four kinds are reckoned up among clean meats4 ,beside1 not only the ,jews1 but many other ,nations long before and since1 have made an usual food thereof4 ,that the thiopians1 ,mauritanians and ,arabians did commonly eat them1 is testified by ,diodorus1 ,strabo1 ,solinus1 lian and ,pliny3 that they still feed on them is confirmed by ,leo1 ,cadamustus and others4 ,john therefore as our ,saviour saith1 came neither eating nor drinking3 that is1 far from the diet of ,jerusalem and other ,riotous places3 but fared coursly and poorly according unto the apparel he wore1 that is of ,camels hair3 the place of his abode1 the wilderness2 and the doctrin he preached1 humiliation and repentance4 ,,chapter ,x ,that ,john the ,evangelist should not die4 ,the conceit of the long-living1 or rather not dying of ,john the ,evangelist1 although it seem inconsiderable1 and not much weightier than that of ,joseph the wandring ,jew3 yet being deduced from ,scripture1 and abetted by ,authors of all times1 it shall not escape our enquiry4 ,it is drawn from the speech of our ,saviour unto ,peter after the prediction of his ,martyrdom2 ,peter saith unto ,jesus ,,sn3 ,john #ba44 ,lord what shall this man do8 ,jesus saith unto him1 ,if ,i will that he tarry until ,i come1 what is that to thee8 ,follow thou me2 then went this saying abroad among the brethren1 that this disciple should not die4 ,now the belief hereof hath been received either grosly and in the general1 that is not distinguishing the manner or particular way of this continuation1 in which sense probably the grosser and undiscerning party received it4 ,or more distinctly apprehending the manner of his immortality2 that is1 that ,john should never properly die1 but be translated into ,paradise1 there to remain with ,enoch and ,elias until about the coming of ,christ2 and should be slain with them under ,antichrist1 according to that of the ,apocalyps4 ,i will give power unto my two witnesses1 and they shall prophesie a thousand two hundred and threescore days cloathed in sack-cloth1 and when they shall have finished their ,testimony1 the beast that ascendeth out of the bottomless pit1 shall make war against them1 and shall overcome them1 and kill them4 ,hereof1 as ,baronius observeth1 within three hundred years after ,christ1 ,hippolytus the ,martyr was the first assertor1 but hath been maintained by ,metaphrastes1 by ,freculphus1 but especially by ,georgius ,trapezuntius1 who hath expresly treated upon this ,text1 and although he lived but in the last ,century1 did still affirm that ,john was not yet dead4 ,the same is also hinted by the learned ,italian ,poet ,dante1 who in his ,poetical survey of ,paradise1 meeting with the soul of ,st4 ,john1 and desiring to see his body2 received answer from him that his body was in earth1 and there should remain with other bodys1 until the number of the blessed were accomplished4 ,in terra terra il mio corpo1 et saragli ,tanto con gli altri1 che l' numero nostro ,con l' eterno proposito s' agguagli4 ,as for the gross opinion that he should not die1 it is sufficiently refuted by that which first occasioned it1 that is the ,scripture it self1 and no further off than the very subsequent verse3 ,yet ,jesus said unto him1 he should not die1 but if ,i will that he tarry till ,i come1 ,what is that to thee8 ,and this was written by ,john himself1 whom the opinion concerned2 and as is conceived many years after1 when ,peter had suffered and fulfilled the prophesie of ,christ4 ,for the particular conceit1 the foundation is weak1 nor can it be made out from the ,text alledged in the ,apocalyps3 for beside that therein two persons are only named1 no mention is made of ,john1 a third ,actor in this ,tragedy4 ,,sn3 ,the death of ,st4 ,john ,evangelist1 where and when4 ,the same is also overthrown by ,history1 which recordeth not only the death of ,john1 but assigneth the place of his burial1 that is ,ephesus1 a ,city in ,asia minor1 whither after he had been banished into ,patmos by ,domitian1 he returned in the reign of ,nerva1 there deceased1 and was buried in the days of ,trajan4 ,and this is testified by ,jerom,,sn3 ,de ,scriptor4 ,ecclesiast41 by ,tertullian ,,sn3 ,de ,anima41 by ,chrysostom and ,eusebius1 in whose days his ,sepulchre was to be seen2 and by a more ancient ,testimony alleadged also by him1 that is of ,polycrates ,bishop of ,ephesus1 not many successions after ,john2 whose words are these in an ,epistle unto ,victor ,bishop of ,rome1 ,johannes ille qui supra pectus ,domini recumbebat1 ,doctor optimus1 apud ,ephesum dormivit2 many of the like nature are noted by ,baronius1 ,jansenius1 ,estius1 ,lipellous1 and others4 ,now the main and primitive ground of this error1 was a gross mistake in the words of ,christ1 and a false apprehension of his meaning2 understanding that positively which was but conditionally expressed1 or receiving that affirmatively which was but concessively delivered4 ,for the words of our ,saviour run in a doubtful strain1 rather reprehending than satisfying the curiosity of ,peter2 as though he should have said1 ,thou hast thy own doom1 why enquirest thou after thy ,brothers8 ,what relief unto thy affliction1 will be the society of anothers8 ,why pryest thou into the secrets of ,gods will8 ,if he stay until ,i come1 what concerneth it thee1 who shalt be sure to suffer before that time8 ,and such an answer probably he returned1 because he fore-knew ,john should not suffer a violent death1 but go unto his grave in peace4 ,which had ,peter assuredly known1 it might have cast some water on his flames1 and smothered those fires which kindled after unto the honour of his ,master4 ,sidenote3 ,of all the ,apostles ,st4 ,john only is thought to have suffered a natural death3 ,and why8 ,now why among all the rest ,john only escaped the death of a ,martyr1 the reason is given2 because all others fled away or withdrew themselves at his death1 and he alone of the ,twelve beheld his passion on the ,cross4 ,wherein notwithstanding1 the affliction that he suffered could not amount unto less than ,martyrdom3 for if the naked relation1 at least the intentive consideration of that ,passion1 be able still1 and at this disadvantage of time1 to rend the hearts of pious ,contemplators2 surely the near and sensible vision thereof must needs occasion ,agonies beyond the comprehension of flesh2 and the trajections of such an object more sharply pierce the ,martyred soul of ,john1 than afterward did the nails the crucified body of ,peter4 ,again1 ,they were mistaken in the ,emphatical apprehension1 placing the consideration upon the words1 ,if ,i will3 whereas it properly lay in these1 when ,i come4 ,which had they apprehended as some have since1 that is1 not for his ultimate and last return1 but his coming in ,judgment and destruction upon the ,jews2 or such a coming1 as it might be said1 that that generation should not pass before it was fulfilled2 they needed not1 much less need we suppose such diuturnity4 ,for after the death of ,peter1 ,john lived to behold the same fulfilled by ,vespasian3 nor had he then his ,nunc dimittis1 or went out like unto ,simeon2 but old in accomplisht obscurities1 and having seen the expire of ,daniels prediction1 as some conceive1 he accomplished his ,revelation4 ,but besides this original and primary foundation1 divers others have made impressions according unto different ages and persons by whom they were received4 ,for some established the conceit in the disciples and brethren1 which were contemporary unto him1 or lived about the same time with him2 and this was first the extraordinary affection our ,saviour bare unto this disciple1 who hath the honour to be called the disciple whom ,jesus loved4 ,now from hence they might be apt to believe their ,master would dispense with his death1 or suffer him to live to see him return in glory1 who was the only ,apostle that beheld him to die in dishonour4 ,another was the belief and opinion of those times1 that ,christ would suddenly come2 for they held not generally the same opinion with their successors1 or as descending ages after so many ,centuries2 but conceived his coming would not be long after his passion1 according unto several expressions of our ,saviour grosly understood1 and as we find the same opinion not long after reprehended by ,st4 ,paul ,,sn3 ,thes4 #b43 and thus conceiving his coming would not be long1 they might be induced to believe his favorite should live unto it4 ,,sn3 ,saint ,john1 how long surviving our ,b4 ,saviour4 ,lastly1 the long life of ,john might much advantage this opinion2 for he survived the other twelve1 he was aged #bb years when he was called by ,christ1 and #be that is the age of ,priesthood at his death1 and lived #ic years1 that is #fh after his ,saviour1 and died not before the second year of ,trajan4 ,now having out lived all his fellows1 the world was confirmed he might live still1 and even unto the coming of his ,master4 ,the grounds which promoted it in succeeding ages1 were especially two4 ,the first his escape of martyrdom3 for whereas all the rest suffered some kind of forcible death1 we have no history that he suffered any2 and men might think he was not capable thereof3 ,for as ,history informeth1 by the command of ,domitian he was cast into a ,caldron of burning oyl1 and came out again unsinged4 ,now future ages apprehending he suffered no violent death1 and finding also the means that tended thereto could take no place1 they might be confirmed in their opinion that death had no power over him1 that he might live always who could not be destroyed by fire1 and was able to resist the fury of that element which nothing shall resist4 ,the second was a corruption crept into the ,latin ,text1 reading for ,si1 ,sic eum manere volo2 whereby the answer of our ,saviour becometh positive1 or that he will have it so2 which way of reading was much received in former ages1 and is still retained in the vulgar ,translation2 but in the ,greek and original the word is ean1 signifying ,si or if1 which is very different from houts1 and cannot be translated for it3 and answerable hereunto is the translation of ,junius1 and that also annexed unto the ,greek by the authority of ,sixtus ,quintus4 ,the third confirmed it in ages farther descending1 and proved a powerfull argument unto all others following2 because in his tomb at ,ephesus there was no corps or relique thereof to be found2 whereupon arose divers doubts1 and many suspitious conceptions2 some believing he was not buried1 some that he was buried but risen again1 others that he descended alive into his tomb1 and from thence departed after4 ,but all these proceeded upon unveritable grounds1 as ,baronius hath observed2 who alledgeth a letter of ,celestine ,bishop of ,rome1 unto the ,council of ,ephesus1 wherein he declareth the reliques of ,john were highly honoured by that ,city2 and by a passage also of ,chrysostome in the ,homilies of the ,apostles1 ,that ,john being dead1 did cures in ,ephesus1 as though he were still alive4 ,and so ,i observe that ,esthius discussing this point concludeth hereupon1 ,quod corpus ejus nunquam reperiatur1 hoc non dicerent si veterum scripta diligenter perlustrassent4 ,now that the first ages after ,christ1 those succeeding1 or any other should proceed into opinions so far divided from reason1 as to think of immortality after the fall of ,adam1 or conceit a man in these later times should out-live our fathers in the first2 although it seem very strange1 yet is it not incredible4 ,for the credulity of men hath been deluded into the like conceits2 and as ,ireneus and ,tertullian mention1 one ,menander a ,samaritan obtained belief in this very point2 whose doctrin it was1 that death should have no power on his disciples1 and such as received his baptism should receive immortality therewith4 ,twas surely an apprehension very strange2 nor usually falling either from the absurdities of ,melancholy or vanities of ambition4 ,some indeed have been so affectedly vain1 as to counterfeit ,immortality1 and have stoln their death1 in a hope to be esteemed immortal2 and others have conceived themselves dead2 but surely few or none have fallen upon so bold an errour1 as not to think that they could die at all4 ,the reason of those mighty ones1 whose ambition could suffer them to be called gods1 would never be flattered into immortality2 but the proudest thereof have by the daily dictates of corruption convinced the impropriety of that appellation4 ,and surely although delusion may run high1 and possible it is that for a while a man may forget his nature1 yet cannot this be durable4 ,for the inconcealable imperfections of our selves1 or their daily examples in others1 will hourly prompt us our corruption1 and loudly tell us we are the sons of earth4 ,,chapter ,,xi ,more compendiously of some others4 ,many others there are which we resign unto ,divinity1 and perhaps deserve not controversie4 ,whether ,david were punished only for pride of heart in numbring the people1 as most do hold1 or whether as ,josephus and many maintain1 he suffered also for not performing the ,commandment of ,god concerning capitation2 that when the people were numbred1 for every head they should pay unto ,god a shekell1 we shall not here contend4 ,surely1 if it were not the occasion of this plague1 we must acknowledge the omission thereof was threatned with that punishment1 according to the words of the ,law ,,sn3 ,exod4 #cj44 ,when thou takest the sum of the children of ,israel1 then shall they give every man a ransom for his soul unto the ,lord1 that there be no plague amongst them4 ,now how deeply hereby ,god was defrauded in the time of ,david1 and opulent ,state of ,israel1 will easily appear by the sums of former lustrations4 ,for in the first ,,sn3 ,exod4 #ch41 the silver of them that were numbred was an hundred ,talents1 and a thousand seven hundred three-score and fifteen shekels2 a ,bekah for every man1 that is1 half a shekel1 after the shekel of the sanctuary2 for every one from twenty years old and upwards1 for six hundred thousand1 and three thousand and five hundred and fifty men4 ,answerable whereto we read in ,josephus1 ,vespasian ordered that every man of the ,jews should bring into the ,capital two dragms2 which amounts unto fifteen pence1 or a quarter of an ounce of silver with us3 and is equivalent unto a ,bekah1 or half a shekel of the ,sanctuary4 ,,sn3 ,what the ,attick dragm is4 ,what the didrachmum and the stater1 ,mat4 #ag4 #bg4 ,for an ,attick dragm is seven pence halfpeny or a quarter of a shekel1 and a didrachmum or double dragm1 is the word for ,tribute money1 or half a shekel2 and a stater the money found in the fishes mouth was two ,didrachmums1 or an whole shekel1 and tribute sufficient for our ,saviour and for ,peter4 ,we will not question the ,metamorphosis of ,lots wife1 or whether she were transformed into a real statua of ,salt3 though some conceive that expression ,metaphorical1 and no more thereby then a lasting and durable column1 according to the nature of ,salt1 which admitteth no corruption3 in which sense the ,covenant of ,god is termed a ,covenant of ,salt2 and it is also said1 ,god gave the ,kingdom unto ,david for ever1 or by a ,covenant of ,salt4 ,that ,absalom was hanged by the hair of the head1 and not caught up by the neck1 as ,josephus conceiveth1 and the common argument against long hair affirmeth1 we are not ready to deny4 ,although ,i confess a great and learned party there are of another opinion2 although if he had his ,morion or ,helmet on1 ,i could not well conceive it2 although the translation of ,jerom or ,tremelius do not prove it1 and our own seems rather to overthrow it4 ,sidenote3 ,how ,judas might die4 ,that ,judas hanged himself1 much more1 that he perished thereby1 we shall not raise a doubt4 ,although ,jansenius discoursing the point1 produceth the testimony of ,theophylact and ,euthimius1 that he died not by the ,gallows1 but under a cart wheel1 and ,baronius also delivereth1 this was the opinion of the ,greeks1 and derived as high as ,papias1 one of the ,disciples of ,john4 ,although also how hardly the expression of ,matthew is reconcilable unto that of ,peter1 and that he plainly hanged himself1 with that1 that falling head-long he burst asunder in the midst1 with many other1 the learned ,grotius plainly doth acknowledge4 ,and lastly1 ,although as he also urgeth1 the word apnxato in ,matthew1 doth not only signifie suspension or pendulous illaqueation1 as the common picture discribeth it1 but also suffocation1 strangulation or interception of breath1 which may arise from grief1 despair1 and deep dejection of spirit ,,sn3 ,strangulat inclusus dolor41 in which sense it is used in the ,history of ,tobit concerning ,sara1 elypth sphodra hste apanxasthai4 ,ita tristata est ut strangulatione premeretur1 saith ,junius2 and so might it happen from the horrour of mind unto ,judas4 ,so do many of the ,hebrews affirm1 that ,achitophel was also strangled1 that is1 not from the rope1 but passion4 ,for the ,hebrew and ,arabick word in the ,text1 not only signifies suspension1 but indignation1 as ,grotius hath also observed4 ,many more there are of indifferent truths1 whose dubious expositions worthy ,divines and ,preachers do often draw into wholesome and sober uses whereof we shall not speak2 with industry we decline such ,paradoxes1 and peaceably submit unto their received acceptions4 ,,chapter ,,xii ,of the ,cessation of ,oracles4 ,that ,oracles ceased or grew mute at the coming of ,christ1 is best understood in a qualified sense1 and not without all latitude1 as though precisely there were none after1 nor any decay before4 ,for 7what we must confess unto relations of ,antiquity7 some pre-decay is observable from that of ,cicero1 urged by ,baronius2 ,cur isto modo jam oracula ,delphis non eduntur1 non modo nostra tate1 sed jam diu1 ut nihil possit esse contemptius4 ,that during his life they were not altogether dumb1 is deduceable from ,suetonius in the life of ,tiberius1 who attempting to subvert the ,oracles adjoyning unto ,rome1 was deterred by the ,lots or chances which were delivered at ,preneste4 ,after his death we meet with many2 ,suetonius reports1 that the ,oracle of ,antium forewarned ,caligula to beware of ,cassius1 who was one that conspired his death4 ,plutarch enquiring why the ,oracles of ,greece ceased1 excepteth that of ,lebadia3 and in the same place ,demetrius affirmeth the ,oracles of ,mopsus and ,amphilochus were much frequented in his days4 ,in brief1 ,histories are frequent in examples1 and there want not some even to the reign of ,julian4 ,what therefore may consist with history1 by cessation of ,oracles with ,montacutius we may understand their intercision1 not abscission or consummate desolation2 their rare delivery1 not total dereliction1 and yet in regard of divers ,oracles1 we may speak strictly1 and say there was a proper cessation4 ,thus may we reconcile the accounts of times1 and allow those few and broken divinations1 whereof we read in story and undeniable ,authors4 ,for that they received this blow from ,christ1 and no other causes alledged by the heathens1 from oraculous confession they cannot deny2 whereof upon record there are some very remarkable4 ,the first that ,oracle of ,delphos delivered unto ,augustus4 ,me puer ,hebrus ,divos ,deus ipse gubernans ,cedere sede jubet1 tristemq2 redire sub orcum2 ,aris ergo dehinc tacitus discedito nostris4 ,an ,hebrew child1 a ,god all gods excelling1 ,to hell again commands me from this dwelling4 ,our ,altars leave in silence1 and no more ,a ,resolution e're from hence implore4 ,a second recorded by ,plutarch1 of a voice that was heard to cry unto ,mariners at the sea1 ,great ,pan is dead2 which is a relation very remarkable1 and may be read in his defect of ,oracles4 ,a third reported by ,eusebius in the life of his magnified ,constantine1 that about that time ,apollo mourned1 declaring his ,oracles were false and that the righteous upon earth did hinder him from speaking truth4 ,and a fourth related by ,theodoret1 and delivered by ,apollo ,daphneus unto ,julian upon his ,persian expedition1 that he should remove the bodies about him before he could return an answer1 and not long after his ,temple was burnt with lightning4 ,all which were evident and convincing acknowledgements of that ,power which shut his lips1 and restrained that delusion which had reigned so many ,centuries4 ,but as his malice is vigilant1 and the sins of men do still continue a toleration of his mischiefs1 he resteth not1 nor will he ever cease to circumvent the sons of the first deceived4 ,,sn3 ,the devils retreat when expelled the ,oracles4 ,and therefore expelled from ,oracles and solemn ,temples of delusion1 he runs into corners1 exercising minor trumperies1 and acting his deceits in ,witches1 ,magicians1 ,diviners1 and such inferiour seducers4 ,and yet 7what is deplorable7 while we apply our selves thereto1 and affirming that ,god hath left to speak by his ,prophets1 expect in doubtfull matters a resolution from such spirits1 while we say the devil is mute1 yet confess that these can speak2 while we deny the substance1 yet practise the effect and in the denied solemnity maintain the equivalent efficacy2 in vain we cry that ,oracles are down2 ,apollos ,altar still doth smoak2 nor is the fire of ,delphos out unto this day4 ,impertinent it is unto our intention to speak in general of ,oracles1 and many have well performed it4 ,the plainest of others was that of ,apollo ,delphicus recorded by ,herodotus1 and delivered unto ,croesus2 who as a trial of their omniscience sent unto distant ,oracles2 and so contrived with the ,messengers1 that though in several places1 yet at the same time they should demand what ,croesus was then a doing4 ,among all others the ,oracle of ,delphos only hit it1 returning answer1 he was boyling a ,lamb with a ,tortoise1 in a brazen vessel1 with a cover of the same metal4 ,the stile is haughty in ,greek1 though somewhat lower in ,latine4 quoris est spatium et numerus mihi notus aren ,mutum percipio1 fantis nihil audio vocem4 ,venit ad hos sensus nidor testudinis acris1 ,qu semel agnin coquitur cum carne labete1 ,aere infra strato1 et stratum cui desuper s est4 ,i know the space of ,sea1 the number of the sand1 ,i hear the silent1 mute ,i understand4 ,a tender ,lamb joined with ,tortoise flesh1 ,thy ,master ,king of ,lydia now doth dress4 ,the scent thereof doth in my nostrils hover1 ,from brazen pot closed with brazen cover4 ,hereby indeed he acquired much wealth and more honour1 and was reputed by ,croesus as a ,diety3 and yet not long after1 by a vulgar fallacy he deceived his favourite and greatest friend of ,oracles into an irreparable overthrow by ,cyrus4 ,and surely the same success are likely all to have that rely or depend upon him4 ',twas the first play he practised on mortality2 and as time hath rendred him more perfect in the ,art1 so hath the inveterateness of his malice more ready in the execution4 ',tis therefore the soveraign degree of folly1 and a crime not only against ,god1 but also our own reasons1 to expect a favour from the devil2 whose mercies are more cruel than those of ,polyphemus2 for he devours his favourites first1 and the nearer a man approacheth1 the sooner he is scorched by ,moloch4 ,in brief1 his favours are deceitfull and double-headed1 he doth apparent good1 for real and convincing evil after it2 and exalteth us up to the top of the ,temple1 but to humble us down from it4 ,,chapter ,,xiii ,of the death of ,aristotle4 ,sidenote3 ,what an ,euripus is generally4 ,that ,aristotle drowned himself in ,euripus1 as despairing to resolve the cause of its reciprocation1 or ebb and flow seven times a day1 with this determination1 ,si quidem ego non capio te1 tu capies me1 was the assertion of ,procopius1 ,nazianzen1 ,justin ,martyr1 and is generally believed amongst us4 ,wherein1 because we perceive men have but an imperfect knowledge1 some conceiving ,euripus to be a ,river1 others not knowing where or in what part to place it2 we first advertise1 it generally signifieth any strait1 fret1 or channel of the ,sea1 running between two shoars1 as ,julius ,pollux hath defined it2 as we read of ,euripus ,hellespontiacus1 ,pyrrhus1 and this whereof we treat1 ,euripus ,euboicus or ,chalcidicus1 that is1 a narrow passage of ,sea dividing ,attica1 and the ,island of ,euboea1 now called ,golfo de ,negroponte1 from the name of the ,island and chief ,city thereof2 famous in the wars of ,antiochus1 and taken from the ,venetians by ,mahomet the ,great4 ,sidenote3 ,touching the death of ,aristotle4 ,now that in this ,euripe or fret of ,negropont1 and upon the occasion mentioned1 ,aristotle drowned himself1 as many affirm1 and almost all believe1 we have some room to doubt4 ,for without any mention of this1 we find two ways delivered of his death by ,diogenes ,laertius1 who expresly treateth thereof2 the one from ,eumolus and ,phavorimus1 that being accused of impiety for composing an ,hymn unto ,hermias 7upon whose ,concubine he begat his son ,nichomachus7 he withdrew into ,chalcis1 where drinking poison he died2 the ,hymn is extant in ,laertius1 and the fifteenth book of ,athenus4 ,another by ,apollodorus1 that he died at ,chalcis of a natural death and languishment of stomach1 in his sixty third1 or great ,climacterical year2 and answerable hereto is the account of ,suidas and ,censorinus4 ,and if that were clearly made out1 which ,rabbi ,ben ,joseph affirmeth1 he found in an ,egyptian book of ,abraham ,sapiens ,perizol2 that ,aristotle acknowledged all that was written in the ,law of ,moses1 and became at last a ,proselyte ,,sn3 ,licetus de qusitis1 epist42 it would also make improbable this received way of his death4 ,again1 ,beside the negative of ,authority1 it is also deniable by reason2 nor will it be easie to obtrude such desperate attempts upon ,aristotle1 from unsatisfaction of reason1 who so often acknowledged the imbecillity thereof4 ,who in matters of difficulty1 and such which were not without abstrusities1 conceived it sufficient to deliver conjecturalities4 ,and surely he that could sometimes sit down with high improbabilities1 that could content himself1 and think to satisfie others1 that the variegation of ,birds was from their living in the ,sun1 or erection made by deliberation of the ,testicles2 would not have been dejected unto death with this4 ,he that was so well acquainted with hoti1 and poteron utrum1 and ,an ,quia1 as we observe in the ,queries of his ,problems3 with iss and epi to poly1 fortasse and plerumque1 as is observable through all his ,works3 had certainly rested with probabilities1 and glancing conjectures in this3 ,nor would his resolutions have ever run into that mortal ,antanaclasis1 and desperate piece of ,rhetorick1 to be compriz'd in that he could not comprehend4 ,nor is it indeed to be made out that he ever endeavoured the particular of ,euripus1 or so much as to resolve the ebb and flow of the ,sea4 ,for1 as ,vicomercatus and others observe1 he hath made no mention hereof in his ,works1 although the occasion present it self in his ,meteors1 wherein he disputeth the affections of the ,sea3 nor yet in his ,problems1 although in the twenty-third ,section1 there be no less than one and forty ,queries of the ,sea4 ,some mention there is indeed in a ,work of the propriety of ,elements1 ascribed unto ,aristotle3 which notwithstanding is not reputed genuine1 and was perhaps the same whence this was urged by ,plutarch4 ,,sn3 ,de placitis ,philosophorum4 ,lastly1 the thing it self whereon the opinion dependeth1 that is1 the variety of the flux and the reflux of ,euripus1 or whether the same do ebb and flow seven times a day1 is not incontrovertible4 ,for though ,pomponius ,mela1 and after him ,solinus and ,pliny have affirmed it1 yet ,i observe ,thucydides1 who speaketh often of ,euboea1 hath omitted it4 ,pausanias an ancient ,writer1 who hath left an exact description of ,greece1 and in as particular a way as ,leandro of ,italy1 or ,cambden of great ,britain1 describing not only the ,country ,towns1 and ,rivers2 but ,hills1 ,springs and ,houses1 hath left no mention hereof4 schines in ,ctesiphon only alludeth unto it2 and ,strabo that accurate ,geographer speaks warily of it1 that is1 hs phasi1 and as men commonly reported4 ,and so doth also ,maginus1 ,velocis ac varii fluctus est mare1 ubi quater in die1 aut septies1 ut alii dicunt1 reciprocantur stus4 ,botero more plainly1 ,il mar cresce e cala con un impeto mirabile quatra volte il di1 ben che communimente si dica sette volte1 etc4 ,this ,sea with wondrous impetuosity ebbeth and floweth four times a day1 although it be commonly said seven times1 and generally opinioned1 that ,aristotle despairing of the reason1 drowned himself therein4 ,in which description by four times a day1 it exceeds not in number the motion of other ,seas1 taking the words properly1 that is1 twice ebbing and twice flowing in four and twenty hours4 ,and is no more than what ,thomaso ,porrcacchi affirmeth in his description of famous ,islands1 that twice a day it hath such an impetuous flood1 as is not without wonder4 ,livy speaks more particularly1 ,haud facile infestior classi statio est et fretum ipsum ,euripi1 non septies die 7ficut fama fert7 temporibus certis reciprocat1 sed temere in modum venti1 nunc hunc nunc illuc verso mari1 velut monte prcipiti devolutus torrens rapitur4 ,there is hardly a worse harbour1 the fret or channel of ,euripus not certainly ebbing or flowing seven times a day1 according to common report3 but being uncertainly1 and in the manner of a wind carried hither and thither1 is whirled away as a torrent down a hill4 ,but the experimental testimony of ,gillius is most considerable of any3 who having beheld the course thereof1 and made enquiry of ,millers that dwelt upon its shore1 received answer1 that it ebbed and flowed four times a day1 that is1 every six hours1 according to the ,law of the ,ocean3 but that indeed sometimes it observed not that certain course4 ,and this irregularity1 though seldom happening1 together with its unruly and tumultuous motion1 might afford a beginning unto the common opinion4 ,thus may the expression in ,ctesiphon be made out3 ,and by this may ,aristotle be interpreted1 when in his ,problems he seems to borrow a ,metaphor from ,euripus3 while in the five and twentieth ,section he enquireth1 why in the upper parts of houses the air doth ,euripize1 that is1 is whirled hither and thither4 ,a later and experimental testimony is to be found in the travels of ,monsieur ,duloir2 who about twenty years ago1 remained sometime at ,negroponte1 or old ,chalcis1 and also passed and repassed this ,euripus2 who thus expresseth himself4 ,i wonder much at the ,error concerning the flux and reflux of ,euripus2 and ,i assure you that opinion is false4 ,i gave a ,boat-man a ,crown1 to set me in a convenient place1 where for a whole day ,i might observe the same4 ,it ebbeth and floweth by six hours1 even as it doth at ,venice1 but the course thereof is vehement4 ,now that which gave life unto the assertion1 might be his death at ,chalcis1 the chief ,city of ,euboea1 and seated upon ,euripus1 where 'tis confessed by all he ended his days4 ,that he emaciated and pined away in the too anxious enquiry of its reciprocations1 although not drowned therein1 as ,rhodiginus relateth1 some conceived1 was a half confession thereof not justifiable from ,antiquity4 ,surely the ,philosophy of flux and reflux was very imperfect of old among the ,greeks and ,latins2 nor could they hold a sufficient theory thereof1 who only observed the ,mediterranean1 which in some places hath no ebb1 and not much in any part4 ,nor can we affirm our knowledg is at the height1 who have now the ,theory of the ,ocean and narrow ,seas beside4 ,while we refer it unto the ,moon1 we give some satisfaction for the ,ocean1 but no general salve for ,creeks1 and ,seas which know no flood2 nor resolve why it flows three or four foot at ,venice in the bottom of the ,gulf1 yet scarce at all at ,ancona1 ,durazzo1 or ,corcyra1 which lie but by the way4 ,and therefore old abstrusities have caused new inventions2 and some from the ,hypotheses of ,copernicus1 or the ,diurnal and annual motion of the earth1 endeavour to salve flows and motions of these ,seas1 illustrating the same by water in a boal1 that rising or falling to either side1 according to the motion of the vessel2 the conceit is ingenuous1 salves some doubts1 and is discovered at large by ,galileo4 ,,sn3 ,rog4 ,bac4 doctis1 ,cabeus ,met4 #b4 ,sidenote3 ,how the ,moon may cause the ebbing and flowing of the ,sea4 ,sidenote3 ,why ,rivers and ,lakes ebb and flow not4 ,why some ,seas flow higher than others1 and continue longer4 ,but whether the received principle and undeniable action of the ,moon may not be still retained1 although in some difference of application1 is yet to be perpended ,,sn3 ,rog4 ,bac4 doctis1 ,cabeus ,met4 #b42 that is1 not by a simple operation upon the surphace or superiour parts1 but excitation of the nitro-sulphureous spirits1 and parts disposed to intumescency at the bottom2 not by attenuation of the upper part of the ,sea1 7whereby ships would draw more water at the flow than at the ebb7 but inturgescencies caused first at the bottom1 and carrying the upper part before them3 subsiding and falling again1 according to the ,motion of the ,moon from the ,meridian1 and languor of the exciting cause3 and therefore ,rivers and ,lakes who want these fermenting parts at the bottom1 are not excited unto stuations2 and therefore some ,seas flow higher than others1 according to the ,plenty of these spirits1 in their submarine constitutions4 ,and therefore also the periods of flux and reflux are various1 nor their increase or decrease equal3 according to the temper of the terreous parts at the bottom3 who as they are more hardly or easily moved1 do variously begin1 continue or end their intumescencies4 ,sidenote3 ,whence the violent flows proceed in some ,estuaries and ,rivers4 ,from the peculiar disposition of the earth at the bottom1 wherein quick excitations are made1 may arise those ,agars and impetuous flows in some stuaries and ,rivers1 as is observable about ,trent and ,humber in ,england2 which may also have some effect in the boisterous tides of ,euripus1 not only from ebullitions at the bottom1 but also from the sides and lateral parts1 driving the streams from either side1 which arise or fall according to the motion in those parts1 and the intent or remiss operation of the first exciting causes1 which maintain their activities above and below the ,horizon2 even as they do in the bodies of plants and animals1 and in the commotion of ,catarrhes4 ,however therefore ,aristotle died1 what was his end1 or upon what occasion1 although it be not altogether assured1 yet that his memory and worthy name shall live1 no man will deny1 nor grateful ,scholar doubt1 and if according to the ,elogy of ,solon1 a man may be only said to be happy after he is dead1 and ceaseth to be in the visible capacity of beatitude1 or if according unto his own ,ethicks1 sense is not essential unto felicity1 but a man may be happy without the apprehension thereof2 surely in that sense he is pyramidally happy2 nor can he ever perish but in the ,euripe of ,ignorance1 or till the ,torrent or ,barbarism overwhelmeth all4 ,sidenote3 ,homers death4 ,a like conceit there passeth of ,melisigenes1 alias ,homer1 the ,father ,poet1 that he pined away upon the ,riddle of the fishermen4 ,but ,herodotus who wrote his life hath cleared this point2 delivering1 that passing from ,samos unto ,athens1 he went sick ashore upon the ,island ,ios1 where he died1 and was solemnly interred upon the ,sea side2 and so decidingly concludeth1 ,ex hac gritudine extremum diem clausit ,homerus in ,io1 non1 ut arbitrantur aliqui1 nigmatis perplexitate enectus1 sed morbo4 ,,chapter ,,xiv ,of the ,wish of ,philoxenus4 ,that ,relation of ,aristotle1 and conceit generally received concerning ,philoxenus1 who wished the neck of a ,crane1 that thereby he might take more pleasure in his meat1 although it pass without exception1 upon enquiry ,i find not only doubtful in the story1 but absurd in the desire or reason alledged for it4 ,for though his ,wish were such as is delivered1 yet had it not perhaps that end1 to delight his gust in eating2 but rather to obtain advantage thereby in singing1 as is declared by ,mirandula4 ,aristotle 7saith he7 in his ,ethicks and ,problems1 accuseth ,philoxenus of sensuality1 for the greater pleasure of gust desiring the neck of a ,crane2 which desire of his1 assenting unto ,aristotle1 ,i have formerly condemned3 ,but since ,i perceive that ,aristotle for this accusation hath been accused by divers ,writers4 ,for ,philoxenus was an excellent ,musician1 and desired the neck of a ,crane1 not for any pleasure at meat2 but fancying thereby an advantage in singing or warbling1 and dividing the notes in musick4 ,and many ,writers there are which mention a ,musician of that name1 as ,plutarch in his book against usury1 and ,aristotle himself in the eighth of his ,politicks1 speaks of one ,philoxenus a ,musician1 that went off from the ,dorick ,dithyrambicks unto the ,phrygian ,harmony4 ,again1 ,be the story true or false1 rightly applied or not1 the intention is not reasonable1 and that perhaps neither one way nor the other4 ,for if we rightly consider the ,organ of tast1 we shall find the length of the neck to conduce but little unto it4 ,for the tongue being the instrument of tast1 and the tip thereof the most exact distinguisher1 it will not advantage the gust to have the neck extended2 ,wherein the ,gullet and conveying parts are only seated1 which partake not of the nerves of gustation1 or appertaining unto sapor1 but receive them only from the sixth pair2 whereas the nerves of tast descend from the third and fourth propagations1 and so diffuse themselves into the tongue4 ,and therefore ,cranes1 ,herns and ,swans have no advantage in taste beyond ,hawks1 ,kites1 and others of shorter necks4 ,nor1 if we consider it1 had ,nature respect unto the taste in the different contrivance of necks1 but rather unto the parts contained1 the composure of the rest of the body1 and the manner whereby they feed4 ,thus animals of long legs1 have generally long necks2 that is1 for the conveniency of feeding1 as having a necessity to apply their mouths unto the earth4 ,so have ,horses1 ,camels1 ,dromedaries long necks1 and all tall animals1 except the ,elephant1 who in defect thereof is furnished with a ,trunk1 without which he could not attain the ground4 ,so have ,cranes1 ,herns1 ,storks and ,shovelards long necks3 and so even in ,man1 whose figure is erect1 the length of the neck followeth the proportion of other parts3 and such as have round faces or broad chests and shoulders1 have very seldom long necks4 ,for1 the length of the face twice exceedeth that of the neck1 and the space betwixt the throat-pit and the navell1 is equall unto the circumference thereof4 ,again1 animals are framed with long necks1 according unto the course of their life or feeding3 so many with short legs have long necks1 because they feed in the water1 as ,swans1 ,geese1 ,pelicans1 and other fin-footed animals4 ,but ,hawks and birds of prey have short necks and trussed leggs2 for that which is long is weak and flexible1 and a shorter figure is best accomodated unto that intention4 ,lastly1 the necks of animals do vary1 according to the parts that are contained in them1 which are the weazon and the gullet4 ,such as have no weazon and breath not1 have scarce any neck1 as most sorts of fishes2 and some none at all1 as all sorts of pectinals1 ,soals1 ,thornback1 ,flounders2 and all crustaceous animals1 as ,crevises1 ,crabs and ,lobsters4 ,all which considered1 the ,wish of ,philoxenus will hardly consist with reason4 ,more excusable had it been to have wished himself an ,ape1 which if common conceit speak true1 is exacter in taste then any4 ,rather some kind of granivorous bird then a ,crane1 for in this sense they are so exquisite that upon the first peck of their bill1 they can distinguish the qualities of hard bodies2 which the sense of man discerns not without mastication4 ,rather some ruminating animal1 that he might have eat his meat twice over2 or rather1 as ,theophilus observed in ,athenus1 his desire had been more reasonable1 had he wished himself an ,elephant1 or an ,horse2 for in these animals the appetite is more vehement1 and they receive their viands in large and plenteous manner4 ,and this indeed had been more sutable1 if this were the same ,philoxenus whereof ,plutarch speaketh who was so uncivilly greedy1 that to engross the mess1 he would preventively deliver his nostrils in the dish4 ,as for the musical advantage1 although it seem more reasonable1 yet do we not observe that ,cranes and birds of long necks have any musical1 but harsh and clangous throats4 ,but birds that are canorous1 and whose notes we most commend1 are of little throats and short necks1 as ,nightingales1 ,finches1 ,linnets1 ,canary birds and ,larks4 ,and truly1 although the weazon1 throtle and tongue be the instruments of voice1 and by their agitations do chiefly concurr unto these delightfull modulations1 yet cannot we distinctly and peculiarly assign the cause unto any particular formation2 and ,i perceive the best thereof1 the nightingale1 hath some disadvantage in the tongue2 which is not accuminate and pointed as in the rest1 but seemeth as it were cut off1 which perhaps might give the hint unto the fable of ,philomela1 and the cutting off her tongue by ,tereus4 ,,chapter ,,xv ,of the ,lake ,asphaltites4 ,concerning the ,lake ,asphaltites1 the ,lake of ,sodom1 or the dead ,sea1 that heavy bodies cast therein sink not1 but by reason of a salt and bituminous thickness in the water float and swim above1 narrations already made are of that variety1 we can hardly from thence deduce a satisfactory determination2 and that not only in the story it self1 but in the cause alledged4 ,as for the story1 men deliver it variously3 some ,i fear too largely1 as ,pliny1 who affirmeth that bricks will swim therein4 ,mandevil goeth farther1 that ,iron swimmeth1 and feathers sink4 ,munster in his ,cosmography hath another relation1 although perhaps derived from the ,poem of ,tertullian1 that a candle ,burning swimmeth1 but if extinguished sinketh4 ,some more moderately1 as ,josephus1 and many others3 affirming only that living bodies float1 nor peremptorily averring they cannot sink1 but that indeed they do not easily descend4 ,most traditionally1 as ,galen1 ,pliny1 ,solinus and ,strabo1 who seems to mistake the ,lake ,serbonis for it4 ,few experimentally1 most contenting themselves in the experiment of ,vespasian1 by whose command some captives bound were cast therein1 and found to float as though they could have swimmed3 divers contradictorily1 or contrarily1 quite overthrowing the point4 ,aristotle in the second of his ,meteors speaks lightly thereof1 hsper mythologousi1 which word is variously rendred1 by some as a fabulous account1 by some as a common talk4 ,biddulphus divideth the common accounts of ,judea in three parts1 the one saith he1 are apparent ,truths1 the second apparent falshoods1 the third are dubious or between both2 in which form he ranketh the relation of this ,lake4,,sn3 ,biddulphi intinerarium ,anglice4 ,but ,andrew ,thevet in his ,cosmography doth ocularly overthrow it2 for he affirmeth1 he saw an ,ass with his ,saddle cast therein and drowned4 ,now of these relations so different or contrary unto each other1 the second is most moderate and safest to be embraced1 which saith1 that living bodies swim therein1 that is1 they do not easily sink3 and this1 untill exact experiment further determine1 may be allowed1 as best consistent with this quality1 and the reasons alledged for it4 ,as for the cause of this effect1 common opinion conceives it to be the salt and bituminous thickness of the water4 ,this indeed is probable1 and may be admitted as far as the second opinion concedeth4 ,for certain it is that salt water will support a greater burden then fresh2 and we see an egg will descend in salt water1 which will swim in brine4 ,but that ,iron should float therein1 from this cause is hardly granted2 for heavy bodies will only swim in that liquor1 wherein the weight of their bulk exceedeth not the weight of so much water as it occupieth or taketh up4 ,but surely no water is heavy enough to answer the ponderosity of ,iron1 and therefore that metal will sink in any kind thereof1 and it was a perfect ,miracle which was wrought this way by ,elisha4 ,thus we perceive that bodies do swim or sink in different liquors1 according unto the tenuity or gravity of those liquors which are to support them4 ,so salt water beareth that weight which will sink in vineger1 vineger that which will fall in fresh water1 fresh water that which will sink in spirits of ,wine1 and that will swim in spirits of ,wine which will sink in clear oyl2 as we made experiment in globes of wax pierced with light sticks to support them4 ,so that although it be conceived an hard matter to sink in oyl1 ,i believe a man should find it very difficult1 and next to flying1 to swim therein4 ,and thus will ,gold sink in ,quick-silver1 wherein ,iron and other metals swim2 for the bulk of ,gold is only heavier then that space of ,quick-silver which it containeth3 and thus also in a solution of one ounce of ,quick-silver in two of ,aqua fortis1 the liquor will bear ,amber1 ,horn1 and the softer kinds of stones1 as we have made triall in each4 ,but a private opinion there is which crosseth the common conceit1 maintained by some of late1 and alleadged of old by ,strabo1 that the floating of bodies in this ,lake proceeds not from the thickness of the water1 but a bituminous ebullition from the bottom1 whereby it wafts up bodies injected1 and suffereth them not easily to sink4 ,the verity thereof would be enquired by ocular exploration1 for this way is also probable4 ,so we observe1 it is hard to wade deep in baths where springs arise2 and thus sometime are bals made to play upon a spouting stream4 ,and therefore1 until judicious and ocular experiment confirm or distinguish the assertion1 that bodies do not sink herein at all1 we do not yet believe2 that they not easily1 or with more difficulty descend in this than other water1 we shall readily assent4 ,but to conclude an impossibility from a difficulty1 or affirm whereas things not easily sink1 they do not drown at all2 beside the fallacy1 is a frequent addition in humane expression1 and an amplification not unusual as well in opinions as relations2 which oftentimes give indistinct accounts of proximities1 and without restraint transcend from one another4 ,thus1 forasmuch as the torrid ,zone was conceived exceeding hot1 and of difficult habitation1 the opinions of men so advanced its constitution1 as to conceive the same unhabitable1 and beyond possibility for man to live therein4 ,thus1 because there are no ,wolves in ,england1 nor have been observed for divers generations1 common people have proceeded into opinions1 and some wise men into affirmations1 they will not live therein1 although brought from other ,countries4 ,thus most men affirm1 and few here will believe the contrary1 that there be no ,spiders in ,ireland2 but we have beheld some in that ,country2 and though but few1 some ,cob-webs we behold in ,irish wood in ,england4 ,thus the ,crocodile from an egg growing up to an exceeding magnitude1 common conceit1 and divers ,writers deliver1 it hath no period of encrease1 but groweth as long as it liveth4 ,and thus in brief1 in most apprehensions the conceits of men extend the considerations of things1 and dilate their notions beyond the propriety of their natures4 ,in the ,mapps of the dead ,sea or ,lake of ,sodom1 we meet with the destroyed ,cities1 and in divers the ,city of ,sodom placed about the middle1 or far from the shore of it2 but that it could not be far from ,segor1 which was seated under the mountains neer the side of the ,lake1 seems inferrible from the sudden arrival of ,lot1 who coming from ,sodom at day break1 attained ,segor at ,sun rising2 and therefore ,sodom to be placed not many miles from it1 and not in the middle of the ,lake1 which is accounted about eighteen miles over2 and so will leave about nine miles to be passed in too small a space of time4 ,,chapter ,,xvi ,of divers other ,relations4 #a4 ,the relation of ,averroes1 and now common in every mouth1 of the woman that conceived in a bath1 by attracting the sperm or seminal effluxion of a man admitted to bath in some vicinity unto her1 ,i have scarce faith to believe2 and had ,i been of the ,jury1 should have hardly thought ,i had found the father in the person that stood by her4 ',tis a new and unseconded way in ,history to fornicate at a distance1 and much offendeth the rules of ,physick1 which say1 there is no generation without a joynt emission1 nor only a virtual1 but corporal and carnal contaction4 ,and although ,aristotle and his adherents do cut off the one1 who conceive no effectual ejaculation in women1 yet in defence of the other they cannot be introduced4 ,for1 if as he believeth1 the inordinate longitude of the organ1 though in its proper recipient1 may be a means to inprolificate the seed2 surely the distance of place1 with the commixture of an aqueous body1 must prove an effectual impediment1 and utterly prevent the success of a conception4 ,and therefore that conceit concerning the daughters of ,lot1 that they were impregnated by their sleeping father1 or conceived by seminal pollution received at distance from him1 will hardly be admitted4 ,,sn3 ,generations by the ,devil very improbable4 ,and therefore what is related of devils1 and the contrived delusions of spirits1 that they steal the seminal emissions of man1 and transmit them into their votaries in coition1 is much to be suspected2 and altogether to be denied1 that there ensue conceptions thereupon2 however husbanded by ,art1 and the wisest menagery of that most subtile imposter4 ,and therefore also that our magnified ,merlin was thus begotten by the devil1 is a groundless conception2 and as vain to think from thence to give the reason of his prophetical spirit4 ,for if a generation could succeed1 yet should not the issue inherit the faculties of the devil1 who is but an auxiliary1 and no univocal ,actor2 ,nor will his nature substantially concur to such productions4 ,and although it seems not impossible1 that impregnation may succeed from seminal spirits1 and vaporous irradiations containing the active principle1 without material and gross immissions2 as it happeneth sometimes in imperforated persons1 and rare conceptions of some much under pubertie or fourteen4 ,as may be also conjectured in the coition of some insects1 wherein the female makes intrusion into the male2 and from the continued ovation in ,hens1 from one single tread of a cock1 and little stock laid up near the vent1 sufficient for durable prolification4 ,and although also in humane generation the gross and corpulent seminal body may return again1 and the great business be acted by what it caryeth with it3 yet will not the same suffice to support the story in question1 wherein no corpulent immission is acknowledged2 answerable unto the fable of the ,talmudists1 in the storie of ,benzira1 begotten in the same manner on the daughter of the ,prophet ,jeremie4 #b4 ,the ,relation of ,lucillius1 and now become common1 concerning ,crassus the grand-father of ,marcus the wealthy ,roman1 that he never laughed but once in all his life1 and that was at an ,ass eating thistles1 is something strange4 ,for1 if an indifferent and unridiculous object could draw his habitual austereness unto a smile1 it will be hard to believe he could with perpetuity resist the proper motives thereof4 ,,sn3 ,laughter4 ,what kind of ,passion it is4 ,for the act of ,laughter which is evidenced by a sweet contraction of the muscles of the face1 and a pleasant agitation of the vocal ,organs1 is not meerly voluntary1 or totally within the jurisdiction of our selves3 but as it may be constrained by corporal contaction in any1 and hath been enforced in some even in their death1 so the new unusual or unexpected jucundities1 which present themselves to any man in his life1 at some time or other will have activity enough to excitate the earthiest soul1 and raise a smile from most composed tempers4 ,certainly the times were dull when these things happened1 and the wits of those ,ages short of these of ours2 when men could maintain such immutable faces1 as to remain like statues under the flatteries of wit and persist unalterable at all efforts of ,jocularity4 ,the spirits in hell1 and ,pluto himself1 whom ,lucian makes to laugh at passages upon earth1 will plainly condemn these ,saturnines1 and make ridiculous the magnified ,heraclitus1 who wept preposterously1 and made a hell on earth2 for rejecting the consolations of life1 he passed his days in tears1 and the uncomfortable attendments of hell4 #c4 ,the same conceit there passeth concerning our blessed ,saviour1 and is sometimes urged as an high example of gravity4 ,and this is opinioned1 because in holy ,scripture it is recorded he sometimes wept1 but never that he laughed4 ,which howsoever granted1 it will be hard to conceive how he passed his younger years and child-hood without a smile1 if as ,divinity affirmeth1 for the assurance of his humanity unto men1 and the concealment of his ,divinity from the devil1 he passed this age like other children1 and so proceeded untill he evidenced the same4 ,and surely herein no danger there is to affirm the act or performance of that1 whereof we acknowledge the power and essential property2 and whereby indeed he most nearly convinced the doubt of his humanity4 ,nor need we be afraid to ascribe that unto the incarnate ,son1 which sometimes is attributed unto the uncarnate ,father2 of whom it is said1 ,he that dwelleth in the heavens shall laugh the wicked to scorn4 ,for a laugh there is of contempt or indignation1 as well as of mirth and ,jocosity2 and that our ,saviour was not exempted from the ground hereof1 that is1 the passion of anger1 regulated and rightly ordered by reason1 the schools do not deny3 and besides the experience of the money-changers and ,dove-sellers in the ,temple1 is testified by ,st4 ,john1 when he saith1 the speech of ,david ,,sn3 ,zelus domus tu comedit me4 was fulfilled in our ,saviour4 ,now the ,alogie of this opinion consisteth in the illation2 it being not reasonable to conclude from ,scripture negatively in points which are not matters of faith1 and pertaining unto salvation4 ,and therefore although in the description of the creation there be no mention of fire1 ,christian ,philosophy did not think it reasonable presently to annihilate that element1 or positively to decree there was no such thing at all4 ,thus whereas in the brief narration of ,moses there is no record of wine before the flood1 we cannot satisfactorily conclude that ,noah was the first that ever tasted thereof4 ,,sn3 ,only in the vulgar ,latin4 ,judg4 #i4 #ec4 ,and thus because the word ,brain is scarce mentioned once1 but ,heart above an hundred times in holy ,scripture2 ,physitians that dispute the principality of parts are not from hence induced to bereave the animal ,organ of its priority4 ,wherefore the ,scriptures being serious1 and commonly omitting such ,parergies1 it will be unreasonable from hence to condemn all ,laughter1 and from considerations inconsiderable to discipline a man out of his nature4 ,for this is by a rustical severity to banish all urbanity2 whose harmless and confined condition1 as it stands commended by morality1 so is it consistent with ,religion1 and doth not offend ,divinity4 #d4 ,the custom it is of ,popes to change their name at their creation2 and the ,author thereof is commonly said to be ,bocca di porco1 or swines face2 who therefore assumed the stile of ,sergius the second1 as being ashamed so foul a name should dishonour the chair of ,peter2 wherein notwithstanding1 from ,montacutius and others ,i find there may be some mistake4 ,for ,massonius who writ the lives of ,popes1 acknowledgeth he was not the first that changed his name in that ,sea2 nor as ,platina affirmeth1 have all his ,successors precisely continued that custom2 for ,adrian the sixt1 and ,marcellus the second1 did still retain their ,baptismal denomination4 ,nor is it proved1 or probable1 that ,sergius changed the name of ,bocca di ,porco1 for this was his sirname or gentilitious appellation3 nor was it the custom to alter that with the other2 but be commuted his ,christian name ,peter for ,sergius1 because he would seem to decline the name of ,peter the second4 ,a scruple ,i confess not thought considerable in other ,seas1 whose ,originals and first ,patriarchs have been less disputed2 nor yet perhaps of that reality as to prevail in points of the same nature4 ,for the names of the ,apostles1 ,patriarchs and ,prophets have been assumed even to affectation2 the name of ,jesus hath not been appropriate2 but some in precedent ages have born that name1 and many since have not refused the ,christian name of ,emmanuel4 ,thus are there few names more frequent then ,moses and ,abraham among the ,jews2 ,the ,turks without scruple affect the name of ,mahomet1 and with gladness receive so honourable cognomination4 ,and truly in humane occurrences there ever have been many well directed intentions1 whose rationalities will never bear a rigid examination1 and though in some way they do commend their ,authors1 and such as first began them1 yet have they proved insufficient to perpetuate imitation in such as have succeeded them4 ,thus was it a worthy resolution of ,godfrey1 and most ,christians have applauded it1 ,that he refused to wear a ,crown of ,gold where his ,saviour had worn one of thorns4 ,yet did not his ,successors durably inherit that scruple1 but some were anointed1 and solemnly accepted the ,diadem of regality4 ,thus ,julius1 ,augustus and ,tiberius with great humility or popularity refused the name of ,imperator1 but their ,successors have challenged that title1 and retain the same even in its titularity4 ,and thus to come nearer our subject1 the humility of ,gregory the ,great would by no means admit the stile of universal ,bishop2 but the ambition of ,boniface made no scruple thereof1 nor of more queasie resolutions have been their ,successors ever since4 ,sidenote3 ,turkish ,history4 #e4 ,that ,tamerlane was a ,scythian ,shepherd1 from ,mr4 ,knolls and others1 from ,alhazen a learned ,arabian who wrote his life1 and was ,spectator of many of his exploits1 we have reasons to deny4 ,not only from his birth1 for he was of the blood of the ,tartarian ,emperours1 whose father ,og had for his possession the ,country of ,sagathy2 which was no slender ,territory1 but comprehended all that tract wherein were contained ,bactriana1 ,sogdiana1 ,margiana1 and the nation of the ,massagetes1 whose capital ,city was ,samarcand2 a place though now decaid1 of great esteem and trade in former ages4 ,but from his regal ,inauguration1 for it is said1 that being about the age of fifteen1 his old father resigned the ,kingdom and men of war unto him4 ,and also from his education1 for as the storie speaks it1 he was instructed in the ,arabian learning1 and afterward exercised himself therein4 ,now ,arabian learning was in a manner all the liberal ,sciences1 especially the ,mathematicks1 and natural ,philosophy2 wherein not many ages before him there flourished ,avicenna1 ,averroes1 ,avenzoar1 ,geber1 ,almanzor and ,alhazen1 cognominal unto him that wrote his ,history1 whose ,chronology indeed1 although it be obscure1 yet in the opinion of his ,commentator1 he was contemporary unto ,avicenna1 and hath left sixteen books of ,opticks1 of great esteem with ages past1 and textuary unto our days4 ,now the ground of this mistake was surely that which the ,turkish ,historian declareth4 ,some1 saith he1 of our ,historians will needs have ,tamerlane to be the ,son of a ,shepherd4 ,but this they have said1 not knowing at all the custom of their ,country2 wherein the principal revenews of the ,king and ,nobles consisteth in cattle2 who despising gold and silver1 abound in all sorts thereof4 ,and this was the occasion that some men call them ,shepherds1 and also affirm this ,prince descended from them4 ,now1 if it be reasonable1 that great men whose possessions are chiefly in cattle1 should bear the name of ,shepherds1 and fall upon so low denominations2 then may we say that ,abraham was a ,shepherd1 although too powerful for four ,kings3 that ,job was of that condition1 who beside ,camels and ,oxen had seven thousand ,sheep3 and yet is said to be the greatest man in the ,east4 ,thus was ,mesha ,king of ,moab a ,shepherd1 who annually paid unto the ,crown of ,israel an hundred thousand ,lambs1 and as many ,rams4 ,surely it is no dishonourable course of life which ,moses and ,jacob have made exemplary3 'tis a profession supported upon the natural way of acquisition1 and though contemned by the ,egyptians1 much countenanced by the ,hebrews1 whose sacrifices required plenty of ,sheep and ,lambs4 ,and certainly they were very numerous2 for1 at the consecration of the ,temple1 beside two and twenty thousand ,oxen1 ,king ,solomon sacrificed an hundred and twenty thousand ,sheep3 and the same is observable from the daily provision of his house3 which was ten fat ,oxen1 twenty ,oxen out of the pastures1 and an hundred ,sheep1 beside row ,buck1 fallow ,deer1 and fatted ,fowls4 ,,sn3 ,description of the ,turkish ,seraglio1 since printed4 ,the daily provision of the ,seraglio4 ,wherein notwithstanding 7if a punctual relation thereof do rightly inform us7 the grand ,seignior doth exceed3 the daily provision of whose ,seraglio in the reign of ,achmet1 beside ,beeves1 consumed two hundred ,sheep1 ,lambs and ,kids when they were in season one hundred1 ,calves ten1 ,geese fifty1 ,hens two hundred1 ,chickens one hundred1 ,pigeons an hundred pair4 ,and therefore this mistake concerning the noble ,tamerlane1 was like that concerning ,demosthenes1 who is said to be the ,son of a ,black-smith1 according to common conceit1 and that handsome expression of ,juvenal4 ,quem pater ardentis mass fuligine lippus1 ,a carbone et forcipibus1 gladiosq2 parante ,incude1 et luteo ,vulcano ad ,rhetora misit4 ,thus ,englished by ,sir ,robert ,stapleton4 ,whom's ,father with the smoaky forg half blind1 ,from blows on sooty ,vulcans anvil spent4 ,in ham'ring swords1 to study ,rhet'rick sent4 ,but ,plutarch who writ his life hath cleared this conceit1 plainly affirming he was most nobly descended1 and that this report was raised1 because his father had many slaves that wrought ,smiths work1 and brought the profit unto him4 ,,chapter ,,xvii ,of some others4 #a4 ,we are sad when we read the story of ,belisarius that worthy ,chieftain of ,justinian2 who1 after his ,victories over ,vandals1 ,goths1 ,persians1 and his ,trophies in three parts of the ,world1 had at last his eyes put out by the ,emperour1 and was reduced to that distress1 that he begged relief on the high-way1 in that uncomfortable petition1 ,date obolum ,belisario4 ,and this we do not only hear in ,discourses1 ,orations and ,themes1 but find it also in the leaves of ,petrus ,crinitus1 ,volaterranus1 and other worthy ,writers4 ,but1 what may somewhat consolate all men that honour vertue1 we do not discover the latter ,scene of his ,misery in ,authors of ,antiquity1 or such as have expresly delivered the stories of those times4 ,for1 ,suidas is silent herein1 ,cedrenus and ,zonaras1 two grave and punctual ,authors1 delivering only the confiscation of his goods1 omit the ,history of his mendication4 ,paulus ,diaconus goeth farther1 not only passing over this act1 but affirming his goods and dignities were restored4 ,agathius who lived at the same time1 declareth he suffered much from the envy of the ,court3 but that he descended thus deep into affliction1 is not to be gathered from his pen4 ,the same is also omitted by ,procopius a contemporary and professed enemy unto ,justinian and ,belisarius1 who hath left an opprobrious book ,,sn3 ,anekdota1 or ,arcana historia4 against them both4 ,and in this opinion and hopes we are not single1 but ,andreas ,alciatus the ,civilian in his ,parerga1 and ,franciscus de ,cordua in his ,didascalia1 have both declaratorily confirmed the same1 which is also agreeable unto the judgment of ,nicolaus ,alemannus1 in his notes upon the bitter ,history of ,procopius4 ,certainly sad and ,tragical stories are seldom drawn within the circle of their verities2 but as their ,relators do either intend the hatred or pitty of the persons1 so are they set forth with additional amplifications4 ,thus have some suspected it hath happened unto the story of ,oedipus2 and thus do we conceive it hath fared with that of ,judas1 who having sinned beyond aggravation1 and committed one villany which cannot be exasperated by all other3 is also charged with the murther of his reputed brother1 parricide of his father1 and ,incest with his own mother1 as ,florilegus or ,matthew of ,westminster hath at large related4 ,and thus hath it perhaps befallen the noble ,belisarius2 who1 upon instigation of the ,empress1 having contrived the exile1 and very hardly treated ,pope ,serverius1 ,latin pens1 as a judgment of ,god upon this fact1 have set forth his future sufferings3 and omitting nothing of amplification1 they have also delivered this3 which notwithstanding ,johannes the ,greek makes doubtful1 as may appear from his ,iambicks in ,baronius1 and might be a mistake or misapplication1 translating the affliction of one man upon another1 for the same befell unto ,johannes ,cappadox1 contemporary unto ,belisarius1 and in great favour with ,justinian2 who being afterward banished into ,egypt1 was fain to beg relief on the high-way4 ,,sn3 ,procop4 ,bell4 ,persic4 #a4 ,arton obolon aiteisthai4 #b4 ,that fluctus ,decumanus1 or the tenth wave is greater and more dangerous than any other1 some no doubt will be offended if we deny2 and hereby we shall seem to contradict ,antiquity2 for1 answerable unto the litteral and common acception1 the same is averred by many ,writers1 and plainly described by ,ovid4 ,qui venit hic fluctus1 fluctus supereminet omnes1 ,posterior nono est1 undecimoq2 prior4 ,which notwithstanding is evidently false2 nor can it be made out by observation either upon the shore or the ,ocean1 as we have with diligence explored in both4 ,and surely in vain we expect a regularity in the waves of the ,sea1 or in the particular motions thereof1 as we may in its general reciprocations whose causes are constant1 and effects therefore correspondent4 ,whereas its fluctuations are but motions subservient2 which winds1 storms1 shores1 shelves1 and every interjacency irregulates4 ,with semblable reason we might expect a regularity in the winds2 whereof though some be statary1 some anniversary1 and the rest do tend to determinate points of heaven1 yet do the blasts and undulary breaths thereof maintain no certainty in their course2 nor are they numerally feared by ,navigators4 ,of affinity hereto is that conceit of ,ovum ,decumanum1 so called1 because the tenth egg is bigger than any other1 according unto the reason alledged by ,festus1 ,decumana ova dicuntur1 quia ovum decimum majus nascitur4 ,for the honour we bear unto the ,clergy1 we cannot but wish this true3 but herein will be found no more of verity than in the other3 and surely few will assent hereto without an implicite credulity1 or ,pythagorical submission unto every conception of number4 ,for1 surely the conceit is numeral1 and though not in the sense apprehended1 relateth unto the number of ten1 as ,franciscus ,sylvius hath most probably declared4 ,for1 whereas amongst simple numbers or ,digits1 the number of ten is the greatest3 therefore whatsoever was the greatest in every kind1 might in some sense be named from this number4 ,now1 because also that which was the greatest1 was metaphorically by some at first called ,decumanus2 therefore whatsoever passed under this name1 was literally conceived by others to respect and make good this number4 ,the conceit is also ,latin2 for the ,greeks to express the greatest wave1 do use the number of three1 that is1 the word trikymia1 which is a concurrence of three waves in one1 whence arose the proverb1 trikymia kakn1 or a trifluctuation of evils1 which ,erasmus doth render1 ,malorum fluctus ,decumanus4 ,and thus1 although the terms be very different1 yet are they made to signifie the self-same thing2 the number of ten to explain the number of three1 and the single number of one wave the collective concurrence of more4 #c4 ,the poyson of ,parysatis reported from ,ctesias by ,plutarch in the life of ,artaxerxes1 whereby anointing a knife on the one side1 and therewith dividing a bird2 with the one half she poysoned ,statira1 and safely fed her self on the other1 was certainly a very subtile one1 and such as our ignorance is well content it knows not4 ,but surely we had discovered a poyson that would not endure ,pandoraes box1 could we be satisfied in that which for its coldness nothing could contain but an ,asses hoof1 and wherewith some report that ,alexander the great was poysoned4 ,had men derived so strange an effect from some occult or hidden qualities1 they might have silenced contradiction2 but ascribing it unto the manifest and open qualities of cold1 they must pardon our belief1 who perceive the coldest and most ,stygian waters may be included in glasses2 and by ,aristotle who saith1 that glass is the perfectest work of ,art1 we understand they were not then to be invented4 ,and though it be said that poyson will break a ,venice glass1 yet have we not met with any of that nature4 ,were there a truth herein1 it were the best preservative for ,princes and persons exalted unto such fears3 and surely far better than divers now in use4 ,and though the best of ,china dishes1 and such as the ,emperour doth use1 be thought by some of infallible vertue unto this effect2 yet will they not1 ,i fear1 be able to elude the mischief of such intentions4 ,,sn3 ,in what sense ,god ,almighty hath created all things double4 ,and though also it be true1 that ,god made all things double1 and that if we look upon the works of the most ,high1 there are two and two1 one against another2 that one contrary hath another1 and poyson is not without a poyson unto it self2 yet hath the curse so far prevailed1 or else our industry defected that poysons are better known than their ,antidotes1 and some thereof do scarce admit of any4 ,and lastly1 although unto every poyson men have delivered many ,antidotes1 and in every one is promised an equality unto its adversary1 yet do we often find they fail in their effects3 ,moly will not resist a weaker cup then that of ,circe2 a man may be poysoned in a ,lemnian dish2 without the miracle of ,john1 there is no confidence in the earth of ,paul ,,sn3 ,terra ,melitea42 and if it be meant that no poyson could work upon him1 we doubt the story1 and expect no such success from the diet of ,mithridates4 ,a story there passeth of an ,indian ,king1 that sent unto ,alexander a fair woman fed with ,aconites and other poysons1 with this intent1 either by converse or copulation complexionally to destroy him4 ,for my part1 although the design were true1 ,i should have doubted the success4 ,for1 though it be possible that poysons may meet with tempers whereto they may become ,aliments1 and we observe from fowls that feed on fishes1 and others fed with garlick and onyons1 that simple aliments are not alwayes concocted beyond their vegetable qualities2 and therefore that even after carnall conversion1 poysons may yet retain some portion of their natures2 yet are they so refracted1 cicurated and subdued1 as not to make good their first and destructive malignities4 ,and therefore the ,stork that eateth ,snakes1 and the ,stare that feedeth upon ,hemlock1 though no commendable aliments1 are not destructive poysons4 ,for1 animals that can innoxiously digest these poysons1 become antidotall unto the poyson digested4 ,and therefore whether their breath be attracted1 or their flesh ingested1 the poysonous reliques go still along with their ,antidote3 whose society will not permit their malice to be destructive4 ,and therefore also animals that are not mischieved by poysons which destroy us1 may be drawn into ,antidote against them2 the blood or flesh of ,storks against the venom of ,serpents1 the ,quail against ,hellebore1 and the diet of ,starlings against the drought of ,socrates ,,sn3 ,hemlock44 ,upon like grounds are some parts of ,animals ,alexipharmacall unto others2 and some veins of the earth1 and also whole regions1 not only destroy the life of venemous creatures1 but also prevent their productions4 ,for though perhaps they contain the seminals of ,spiders and ,scorpions1 and such as in other earths by suscitiation of the ,sun may arise unto animation2 yet lying under command of their ,antidote1 without hope of emergency they are poysoned in their matrix by powers easily hindring the advance of their originals1 whose confirmed forms they are able to destroy4 #e4 ,the story of the wandring ,jew is very strange1 and will hardly obtain belief2 yet is there a formall account thereof set down by ,mathew ,paris1 from the report of an ,armenian ,bishop2 who came into this kingdom about four hundred years ago1 and had often entertained this wanderer at his ,table4 ,that he was then alive1 was first called ,cartaphilus1 was keeper of the ,judgement ,hall1 whence thrusting out our ,saviour with expostulation of his stay1 was condemned to stay untill his return ,,sn3 ,vade quid moraris8 ,ego vado1 tu autem morare donec venio42 was after baptized by ,ananias1 and by the name of ,joseph2 was thirty years old in the dayes of our ,saviour1 remembred the ,saints that arised with him1 the making of the ,apostles ,creed1 and their several peregrinations4 ,surely were this true1 he might be an happy arbitrator in many ,christian controversies2 but must impardonably condemn the obstinacy of the ,jews1 who can contemn the ,rhetorick of such miracles1 and blindly behold so living and lasting conversions4 #f4 ,clearer confirmations must be drawn for the history of ,pope ,joan1 who succeeded ,leo the fourth1 and preceeded ,benedict the third1 then many we yet discover4 ,and since it is delivered with aiunt and ferunt by many2 since the learned ,leo ,allatius ,,sn3 ,confutatio fabul de ,joanna ,papissa cum ,nihusio4 hath discovered1 that ancient copies of ,martinus ,polonus1 who is chiefly urged for it1 had not this story in it2 since not only the stream of ,latine ,historians have omitted it1 but ,photius the ,patriarch1 ,metrophanes ,smyrnus1 and the exasperated ,greeks have made no mention of it1 but conceded ,benedict the third to bee ,successor unto ,leo the fourth2 he wants not grounds that doubts it4 ,many things historicall which seem of clear concession1 want not affirmations and negations1 according to divided pens3 as is notoriously observable in the story of ,hildebrand or ,gregory the seventh1 repugnantly delivered by the ,imperiall and ,papal party4 ,in such divided records partiality hath much depraved history1 wherein if the equity of the reader do not correct the iniquity of the writer1 he will be much confounded with repugnancies1 and often find in the same person1 ,numa and ,nero4 ,in things of this nature moderation must intercede2 and so charity may hope1 that ,roman ,readers will construe many passages in ,bolsech1 ,fayus1 ,schlusselberg and ,cochlus4 ,,sn3 ,of ,luther1 ,calvin1 ,beza4 #g4 ,every ear is filled with the story of ,frier ,bacon ,,sn3 ,rog4 ,bacon4 minor ita4 ,oxoniensis vir doctissimus41 that made a brazen head to speak these words1 ,time is1 ,which though there want not the like relations1 is surely too literally received1 and was but a mystical fable concerning the ,philosophers great work1 wherein he eminently laboured3 implying no more by the copper head1 then the vessel wherein it was wrought1 and by the words it spake1 then the opportunity to be watched1 about the ,tempus ortus1 or birth of the mystical child1 or ,philosophical ,king of ,lullius3 the rising of the ,terra foliata of ,arnoldus1 when the earth sufficiently impregnated with the water1 ascendeth white and splendent4 ,which not observed1 the work is irrecoverably lost2 according to that of ,petrus ,bonus ,,sn3 ,margarita pretiosa44 ,ibi est operis perfectio aut annihilatio2 quoniam ipsa die1 immo hor1 oriuntur elementa simplicia depurata1 qu egent statim compositione1 antequam volent ab igne4 ,now letting slip this critical opportunity1 he missed the intended treasure4 ,which had he obtained1 he might have made out the tradition of making a brazen wall about ,england4 ,that is1 the most powerfull defence1 and strongest fortification which ,gold could have effected4 #h4 ,who can but pitty the vertuous ,epicurus1 who is commonly conceived to have placed his chief felicity in pleasure and sensual delights1 and hath therefore left an infamous name behind him8 ,how true1 let them determine who read that he lived seventy years1 and wrote more books then any ,philosopher but ,chrysippus1 and no less then three hundred1 without borrowing from any ,author4 ,that he was contented with bread and water1 and when he would dine with ,jove1 and pretend unto epulation1 he desired no other addition then a piece of ,cytheridian cheese4 ,that shall consider the words of ,seneca1 ,non dico1 quod pleriq2 nostrorum1 sectam ,epicuri flagitiorum magistrum esse3 sed illud dico1 mal audit infamis est1 et immerito4 ,or shall read his life1 his ,epistles1 his ,testament in ,laertius1 who plainly names them ,calumnies1 which are commonly said against them4 ,the ground hereof seems a mis-apprehension of his opinion1 who placed his ,felicity not in the pleasures of the body1 but the mind1 and tranquility thereof1 obtained by wisdom and vertue1 as is clearly determined in his ,epistle unto ,menoeceus4 ,now how this opinion was first traduced by the ,stoicks1 how it afterwards became a common belief1 and so taken up by ,authors of all ages1 by ,cicero1 ,plutarch1 ,clemens1 ,ambrose and others1 the learned ,pen of ,gassendus hath discovered4 ,,sn3 ,de vita et moribus ,epicuri4 ,,chapter ,,xviii ,more briefly of some others4 ,other relations there are1 and those in very good ,authors1 which though we do not positively deny1 yet have they not been unquestioned by some1 and at least as improbable truths have been received by others4 ,unto some it hath seemed incredible what ,herodotus reporteth of the great ,army of ,xerxes1 that drank whole rivers dry4 ,and unto the ,author himself it appeared wondrous strange1 that they exhausted not the provision of the ,countrey1 rather then the waters thereof4 ,for as he maketh the account1 and ,budeus de ,asse correcting the mis-compute of ,valla1 delivereth it2 if every man of the ,army had had a chenix of ,corn a day1 that is1 a sextary and half2 or about two pints and a quarter1 the ,army had daily expended ten hundred thousand and forty ,medimna's1 or measures containing six ,bushels4 ,which rightly considered1 the ,abderites had reason to bless the ,heavens1 that ,xerxes eat but one meal a day2 and ,pythius his noble ,host1 might with less charge and possible provision entertain both him and his ,army4 ,and yet may all be salved1 if we take it hyperbolically1 as wise men receive that expression in ,job1 concerning ,behemoth or the ,elephant2 ,behold1 he drinketh up a river and hasteth not1 he trusteth that he can draw up ,jordan into his mouth4 #b4 ,that ,annibal eat or brake through the ,alps with ,vinegar1 may be too grosly taken and the ,author of his life annexed unto ,plutarch affirmeth only1 he used this artifice upon the tops of some of the highest mountains4 ,for as it is vulgarly understood1 that he cut a passage for his ,army through those mighty mountains1 it may seem incredible1 not only in the greatness of the effect1 but the quantity of the efficient and such as behold them1 may think an ,ocean of ,vinegar too little for that effect4 ',twas a work indeed rather to be expected from earthquakes and inundations1 then any corrosive waters1 and much condemneth the ,judgement of ,xerxes1 that wrought through ,mount ,athos with ,mattocks4 #c4 ,that ,archimedes burnt the ships of ,marcellus1 with speculums of parabolical figures1 at three furlongs1 or as some will have it1 at the distance of three miles1 sounds hard unto reason1 and artificial experience3 and therefore justly questioned by ,kircherus ,,sn3 ,de luce et umbra41 who after long enquiry could find but one made by ,manfredus ,septalius that fired at fifteen paces4 ,and therefore more probable it is1 that the ships were nearer the shore1 or about some thirty paces3 at which distance notwithstanding the effect was very great4 ,but whereas men conceive the ships were more easily set on flame by reason of the pitch about them1 it seemeth no advantage4 ,since burning glasses will melt pitch or make it boyle1 not easily set it on fire4 #d4 ,the story of the ,fabii1 whereof three hundred and six marching against the ,veientes1 were all slain1 and one child alone to support the family remained2 is surely not to be paralleld1 nor easie to be conceived1 except we can imagine1 that of three hundred and six1 but one had children below the service of war2 that the rest were all unmarried1 or the wife but of one impregnated4 #e4 ,the received story of ,milo1 who by daily lifting a ,calf1 attained an ability to carry it being a ,bull1 is witty conceit1 and handsomly sets forth the efficacy of ,assuefaction4 ,but surely the account had been more reasonably placed upon some person not much exceeding in strength1 and such a one as without the assistance of custom could never have performed that act2 which some may presume that ,milo without precedent artifice or any other preparative1 had strength enough to perform4 ,for as relations declare1 he was the most pancratical man of ,greece1 and as ,galen reporteth1 and ,mercurialis in his ,gymnasticks representeth1 he was able to persist erect upon an oyled plank1 and not to be removed by the force or protrusion of three men4 ,and if that be true which ,atheneus reporteth1 he was little beholding to custom for this ability4 ,for in the ,olympick games1 for the space of a furlong1 he carried an ,ox of four years upon his shoulders2 and the same day he carried it in his belly3 for as it is there delivered he eat it up himself4 ,surely he had been a proper guest at ,grandgousiers feast1 and might have matcht his throat that eat six pilgrims for a ,salad4 ,,sn3 ,in ,rabelais4 #f4 ,it much disadvantageth the ,panegyrick of ,synesius ,,sn3 ,who writ in the praise of baldness41 and is no small disparagement unto baldness1 if it be true what is related by lian concerning schilus1 whose bald-pate was mistaken for a rock1 and so was brained by a ,tortoise which an agle let fall upon it4 ,certainly it was a very great mistake in the perspicacy of that ,animal4 ,,sn3 ,an argument or instance against the motion of the earth4 ,some men critically disposed1 would from hence confute the opinion of ,copernicus1 never conceiving how the motion of the earth below should not wave him from a knock perpendicularly directed from a body in the air above4 #g4 ,it crosseth the ,proverb1 and ,rome might well be built in a day2 if that were true which is traditionally related by ,strabo2 that the great ,cities ,anchiale and ,tarsus1 were built by ,sardanapalus both in one day1 according to the inscription of his monument1 ,sardanapalus ,anacyndaraxis filius1 ,anchialem et ,tarsum un die edificavi1 ,tu autem hospes ,ede1 ,lude1 ,bibe1 etc4 ,which if strictly taken1 that is1 for the finishing thereof1 and not only for the beginning2 for an artificial or natural day1 and not one of ,daniels weeks1 that is1 seven whole years2 surely their hands were very heavy that wasted thirteen years in the private house of ,solomon3 ,it may be wondred how forty years were spent in the erection of the ,temple of ,jerusalem1 and no less than an hundred in that famous one of ,ephesus4 ,certainly it was the greatest ,architecture of one day1 since that great one of six2 an ,art quite lost with our ,mechanicks1 a work not to be made out1 but like the wals of ,thebes1 and such an ,artificer as ,amphion4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,syracusia or ,king ,hiero's ,galleon1 of what ,bulk4 #h4 ,it had been a sight only second unto the ,ark to have beheld the great ,syracusia1 or mighty ship of ,hiero1 described in ,athenus2 and some have thought it a very large one1 wherein were to be found ten stables for horses1 eight ,towers1 besides ,fish-ponds1 ,gardens1 ,tricliniums1 and many fair rooms paved with ,agath1 and precious ,stones4 ,but nothing was impossible unto ,archimedes1 the learned ,contriver thereof2 nor shall we question his removing the earth1 when he finds an immoveable base to place his ,engine upon it4 #i4 ,that the ,pamphilian ,sea gave way unto ,alexander in his intended ,march toward ,persia1 many have been apt to credit1 and ,josephus is willing to believe1 to countenance the passage of the ,israelites through the ,red ,sea4 ,but ,strabo who writ before him delivereth another account2 that the ,mountain ,climax adjoyning to the ,pamphilian ,sea1 leaves a narrow passage between the ,sea and it1 which passage at an ebb and quiet ,sea all men take2 but ,alexander coming in the ,winter1 and eagerly pursuing his affairs1 would not wait for the reflux or return of the ,sea2 and so was fain to pass with his ,army in the water1 and march up to the navel in it4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,list of some historical ,errata's in this and the following ,sections4 #aj4 ,the relation of ,plutarch of a youth of ,sparta1 that suffered a ,fox concealed under his robe to tear out his bowels1 before he would either by voice or countenance betray his theft2 and the other of the ,spartan ,lad1 that with the same resolution suffered a coal from the ,altar to burn his arm1 although defended by the ,author that writes his life1 is ,i perceive mistrusted by men of ,judgment1 and the ,author with an aiunt1 is made to salve himself4 ,assuredly it was a noble ,nation that could afford an hint to such inventions of patience1 and upon whom1 if not such verities1 at least such verisimilities of fortitude were placed4 ,were the story true1 they would have made the only ,disciples for ,zeno and the ,stoicks1 and might perhaps have been perswaded to laugh in ,phaleris his ,bull4 #aa4 ,if any man shall content his belief with the speech of ,balaams ,ass1 without a belief of that of ,mahomets ,camel1 or ,livies ,ox3 ,if any man make a doubt of ,giges ring in ,justinus1 or conceives he must be a ,jew that believes the ,sabbatical river in ,josephus4 ,if any man will say he doth not apprehend how the tayl of an ,african ,weather out-weigheth the body of a good ,calf1 that is1 an hundred pound1 according unto ,leo ,africanus1 or desires before belief1 to behold such a creature as is the ,ruck in ,paulus ,venetus1 for my part ,i shall not be angry with his incredulity4 #ab4 ,if any one shall receive as stretcht or fabulous accounts what is delivered of ,cocles1 ,scvola and ,curtius1 the sphere of ,archimedes1 the story of the ,amazons1 the taking of the ,city of ,babylon1 not known to some therein three days after2 that the nation was deaf which dwelt at the fall of ,nilus1 the laughing and weeping humour of ,heraclitus and ,democritus1 with many more1 he shall not want some reason and the authority of ,lancelotti4 ,,sn3 ,farsalloni ,historici4 #ac4 ,if any man doubt of the strange ,antiquities delivered by ,historians1 as of the wonderful corps of ,antus untombed a thousand years after his death by ,sertorius4 ,whether there were no deceit in those fragments of the ,ark so common to be seen in the days of ,berosus2 whether the ,pillar which ,josephus beheld long ago1 ,tertullian long after1 and ,bartholomeus de ,saligniaco1 and ,borchardus long since1 be the same with that of ,lots wife2 whether this were the hand of ,paul1 or that which is commonly shewn the head of ,peter1 if any doubt1 ,i shall not much dispute with their suspicions4 ,if any man shall not believe the ,turpentine ,tree1 betwixt ,jerusalem and ,bethlem1 under which the ,virgin suckled our ,saviour1 as she passed between those ,cities2 or the fig-tree of ,bethany shewed to this day1 whereon ,zacheus ascended to behold our ,saviour2 ,i cannot tell how to enforce his belief1 nor do ,i think it requisite to attempt it4 ,,sn3 ,to compel ,religion1 somewhat contrary to ,reason4 ,for1 as it is no reasonable proceeding to compel a religion1 or think to enforce our own belief upon another1 who cannot without the concurrence of ,gods spirit have any indubitable evidence of things that are obtruded3 ,so is it also in matters of common belief2 whereunto neither can we indubitably assent1 without the co-operation of our sense or reason1 wherein consists the principles of perswasion4 ,for1 as the habit of ,faith in ,divinity is an ,argument of things unseen1 and a stable assent unto things inevident1 upon authority of the ,divine ,revealer3 ,so the belief of man which depends upon humane testimony is but a staggering assent unto the affirmative1 not without some fear of the negative4 ,and as there is required the ,word of ,god1 or infused inclination unto the one1 so must the actual sensation of our senses1 at least the non-opposition of our reasons procure our assent and acquiescence in the other4 ,so when ,eusebius an holy ,writer affirmeth1 there grew a strange and unknown plant near the statue of ,christ1 erected by his ,hmorrhoidal patient in the ,gospel1 which attaining unto the hem of his vesture1 acquired a sudden faculty to cure all diseases4 ,although he saith he saw the statue in his days1 yet hath it not found in many men so much as humane belief8 ,some believing1 others opinioning1 a third suspective it might be otherwise4 ,for indeed1 in matters of belief the understanding assenting unto the relation1 either for the authority of the person1 or the probability of the object1 although there may be a confidence of the one1 yet if there be not a satisfaction in the other1 there will arise suspensions2 nor can we properly believe until some argument of reason1 or of our proper sense convince or determine our dubitations4 ,and thus it is also in matters of certain and experimented truth3 for if unto one that never heard thereof1 a man should undertake to perswade the affections of the ,load-stone1 or that ,jet and ,amber attracteth straws and light bodies1 there would be little ,rhetorick in the authority of ,aristotle1 ,pliny1 or any other4 ,thus although it be true that the string of a ,lute or ,viol will stir upon the stroak of an ,unison or ,diapazon in another of the same kind2 that ,alcanna being green1 will suddenly infect the nails and other parts with a durable red2 that a ,candle out of a ,musket will pierce through an ,inch-board1 or an urinal force a nail through a ,plank2 yet can few or none believe thus much without a visible experiment4 ,which notwithstanding fals out more happily for knowledge2 for these relations leaving unsatisfaction in the ,hearers1 do stir up ingenuous dubiosities unto experiment1 and by an exploration of all1 prevent delusion in any4 ,,chapter ,,xix ,of some ,relations whose truth we fear4 ,lastly1 ,as there are many ,relations whereto we cannot assent1 and make some doubt thereof1 so there are divers others whose verities we fear1 and heartily wish there were no truth therein4 #a4 ,it is an unsufferable affront unto filiall piety1 and a deep discouragement unto the expectation of all aged ,parents1 who shall but read the story of that barbarous ,queen1 who after she had beheld her royall ,parents ruin1 lay yet in the arms of his assassine1 and carowsed with him in the skull of her father4 ,for my part1 ,i should have doubted the operation of antimony1 where such a potion would not work2 'twas an act me thinks beyond ,anthropophagy1 and a cup fit to be served up only at the table of ,atreus4 #b4 ,while we laugh at the story of ,pygmaleon1 and receive as a fable that he fell in love with a statue2 we cannot but fear it may be true1 what is delivered by ,herodotus concerning ,egyptian ,pollinctors1 or such as annointed the dead2 that some thereof were found in the act of carnality with them4 ,from wits that say 'tis more then incontinency for ,hylas to sport with ,hecuba1 and youth to flame in the frozen embraces of age1 we require a name for this3 wherein ,petronius or ,martial cannot relieve us4 ,,sn3 ,who tied dead and living bodies together4 ,the tyrannie of ,mezentius did never equall the vitiosity of this ,incubus1 that could embrace corruption1 and make a ,mistress of the grave2 that could not resist the dead provocations of beauty1 whose quick invitements scarce excuse submission4 ,surely1 if such depravities there be yet alive1 deformity need not despair2 nor will the eldest hopes be ever superannuated1 since death hath spurs1 and carcasses have been courted4 #c4 ,i am heartily sorry1 and wish it were not true1 what to the dishonour of ,christianity is affirmed of the ,italian1 who after he had inveigled his enemy to disclaim his faith for the redemption of his life1 did presently poyniard him1 to prevent repentance1 and assure his eternal death4 ,the villany of this ,christian exceedeth the persecution of ,heathens1 whose malice was never so ,longimanous ,,sn3 ,long-handed4 as to reach the soul of their enemies2 or to extend unto the exile of their ,elysiums4 ,and though the blindness of some ferities have savaged on the bodies of the dead1 and been so injurious unto worms1 as to disinter the bodies of the deceased2 yet had they therein no design upon the soul3 and have been so far from the destruction of that1 or desires of a perpetual death1 that for the satisfaction of their revenge they wisht them many souls1 and were it in their power would have reduced them unto life again4 ,it is a great depravity in our natures1 and surely an affection that somewhat savoureth of hell1 to desire the society1 or comfort our selves in the fellowship of others that suffer with us2 but to procure the miseries of others in those extremities1 wherein we hold an hope to have no society our selves1 is me thinks a strain above ,lucifer1 and a project beyond the primary seduction of hell4 #d4 ,i hope it is not true1 and some indeed have probably denied1 what is recorded of the ,monk that poysoned ,henry the ,emperour1 in a draught of the holy ,eucharist4 ',twas a scandalous wound unto ,christian ,religion1 and ,i hope all ,pagans will forgive it1 when they shall read that a ,christian was poysoned in a cup of ,christ1 and received his bane in a draught of his salvation4 ,had he believed ,transubstantiation1 he would have doubted the effect2 and surely the sin it self received an aggravation in that opinion4 ,it much commendeth the innocency of our forefathers1 and the simplicity of those times1 whose ,laws could never dream so high a crime as parricide3 whereas this at the least may seem to out-reach that fact1 and to exceed the regular distinctions of murder4 ,i will not say what sin it was to act it2 yet may it seem a kind of martyrdom to suffer by it4 ,for1 although unknowingly1 he died for ,christ his sake1 and lost his life in the ordained testimony of his death4 ,certainly1 had they known it1 some noble zeales would scarcely have refused it2 rather adventuring their own death1 then refusing the memorial of his4 ,many other accounts like these we meet sometimes in history ,,sn3 ,hujus farin multa in historia horribili41 scandalous unto ,christianity1 and even unto humanity2 whose verities not only1 but whose relations honest minds do deprecate4 ,for of sins heteroclital1 and such as want either name or president1 there is oft times a sin even in their histories4 ,we desire no records of such enormities2 sins should be accounted new1 that so they may be esteemed monstrous4 ,they omit of monstrosity as they fall from their rarity2 for men count it veniall to err with their forefathers1 and foolishly conceive they divide a sin in its society4 ,the pens of men may sufficiently expatiate without these singularities of villany2 ,for1 as they encrease the hatred of vice in some1 so do they enlarge the theory of wickedness in all4 ,and this is one thing that may make latter ages worse then were the former2 ,for1 the vicious examples of ,ages past1 poyson the curiosity of these present1 affording a hint of sin unto seduceable spirits1 and soliciting those unto the imitation of them1 whose heads were never so perversly principled as to invent them4 ,in this kind we commend the wisdom and goodness of ,galen1 who would not leave unto the world too subtile a ,theory of poisons2 unarming thereby the malice of venemous spirits1 whose ignorance must be contented with ,sublimate and ,arsenick4 ,for1 surely there are subtiler venenations1 such as will invisibly destroy1 and like the ,basilisks of heaven4 ,in things of this nature silence commendeth history3 'tis the veniable part of things lost2 wherein there must never rise a ,pancirollus ,,sn3 ,who writ ,de ,antiquis deperditis1 or of inventions lost41 nor remain any ,register but that of hell4 ,and yet1 if as some ,stoicks opinion1 and ,seneca himself disputeth1 these unruly affections that make us sin such prodigies1 and even sins themselves be animals2 there is an history of ,africa and story of ,snakes in these4 ,and if the transanimation of ,pythagoras or method thereof were true1 that the souls of men transmigrated into species answering their former natures2 some men must surely live over many ,serpents1 and cannot escape that very brood whose sire ,satan entered4 ,and though the objection of ,plato should take place1 that bodies subjected unto corruption1 must fail at last before the period of all things1 and growing fewer in number1 must leave some souls apart unto themselves2 the spirits of many long before that time will find but naked habitations3 and meeting no assimilables wherein to react their natures1 must certainly anticipate such natural desolations4 ,lactant4 ,primus sapienti gradus est1 falsa intelligere4 ,,finis4 ,,hydriotaphia ,,urne-,,buriall ,,or ,a ,,discourse ,,of ,,the ,,sepulchrall ,,urnes ,,lately ,,found ,,in ,,norfolk ,,together ,,with ,,the ,,garden ,,of ,,cyrus ,,to ,,my ,,worthy ,,and ,,honoured ,,friend ,,thomas ,,le ,,gros ,of ,crostwick ,esquire4 ,when the ,funerall pyre was out1 and the last valediction over1 men took a lasting adieu of their interred ,friends1 little expecting the curiosity of future ages should comment upon their ashes1 and having no old experience of the duration of their ,reliques1 held no opinion of such after-considerations4 ,but who knows the fate of his bones1 or how often he is to be buried8 who hath the ,oracle of his ashes1 or whether they are to be scattered8 ,the ,reliques of many lie like the ruines of ,a,pompeys1 in all parts of the earth2 ,and when they arrive at your hands1 these may seem to have wandred farre1 who in a ,bdirect and ,meridian ,travell1 have but few miles of known ,earth between your selfe and the ,pole4 ,a ,pompeios juvenes ,asia1 atque ,europa1 sed ipsum terra tegit ,lybies4 ,b ,little directly1 but ,sea between your house and ,greenland4 ,that the bones of ,theseus should be seen again ,cin ,athens1 was not beyond conjecture1 and hopeful expectation2 but that these should arise so opportunely to serve your self1 was an hit of fate and honour beyond prediction4 ,c ,brought back by ,cimon4 ,plutarch4 ,we cannot but wish these ,urnes might have the effect of ,theatrical vessels1 and great ,d,hippodrome ,urnes in ,rome2 to resound the acclamations and honour due unto you4 ,but these are sad and sepulchral ,pitchers1 which have no joyfull voices2 silently expressing old mortality1 the ruines of forgotten times1 and can only speak with life1 how long in this corruptible frame1 some parts may be uncorrupted2 yet able to out-last bones long unborn1 and noblest ,epyle among us4 ,d ,the great ,urnes in the ,hippodrome at ,rome conceived to resound the voices of people at their shows4 ,e ,worthily possessed by that true ,gentleman ,sir ,horatio ,townshend my honored ,friend4 ,we present not these as any strange sight or spectacle unknown to your eyes1 who have beheld the best of ,urnes1 and noblest variety of ,ashes2 ,who are your self no slender master of ,antiquities1 and can daily command the view of so many ,imperiall faces2 ,which raiseth your thoughts unto old things1 and consideration of times before you1 when even living men were ,antiquities2 when the living might exceed the dead1 and to depart this world1 could not be properly said1 to go unto the ,fgreater number4 ,and so run up your thoughts upon the ancient of dayes1 the ,antiquaries truest object1 unto whom the eldest parcels are young1 and earth it self an ,infant2 and without ,ggyptian account makes but small noise in thousands4 ,f ,abiit ad plures4 ,g ,which makes the world so many years old4 ,we were hinted by the occasion1 not catched the opportunity to write of old things1 or intrude upon the ,antiquary4 ,we are coldly drawn unto discourses of ,antiquities1 who have scarce time before us to comprehend new things1 or make out learned ,novelties4 ,but seeing they arose as they lay1 almost in silence among us1 at least in short account suddenly passed over2 we were very unwilling they should die again1 and be buried twice among us4 ,beside1 to preserve the living1 and make the dead to live1 to keep men out of their ,urnes1 and discourse of humane fragments in them1 is not impertinent unto our profession2 whose study is life and death1 who daily behold examples of mortality1 and of all men least need artificial memento's1 or coffins by our bed side1 to minde us of our graves4 ',tis time to observe ,occurrences1 and let nothing remarkable escape us2 ,the ,supinity of elder dayes hath left so much in silence1 or time hath so martyred the ,records1 that the most industrious,h heads do finde no easie work to erect a new ,britannia4 ,h ,wherein ,m4 ,dugdale hath excellently well endeavoured1 and worthy to be countenanced by ingenuous and noble persons4 ',tis opportune to look back upon old times1 and contemplate our ,forefathers4 ,great examples grow thin1 and to be fetched from the passed world4 ,simplicity flies away1 and iniquity comes at long strides upon us4 ,we have enough to do to make up our selves from present and passed times1 and the whole stage of things scarce serveth for our instruction4 ,a compleat peece of vertue must be made up from the ,centos of all ages1 as all the beauties of ,greece could make but one handsome ,venus4 ,when the bones of ,king ,arthur were digged up,i1 the old ,race might think1 they beheld therein some ,originals of themselves2 ,unto these of our ,urnes none here can pretend relation1 and can only behold the ,reliques of those persons1 who in their life giving the ,laws unto their predecessors1 after long obscurity1 now lye at their mercies4 ,but remembring the early civility they brought upon these ,countreys1 and forgetting long passed mischiefs2 ,we mercifully preserve their bones1 and pisse not upon their ashes4 ,i ,in the time of ,henry the second1 ,cambden4 ,in the offer of these ,antiquities we drive not at ancient ,families1 so long out-lasted by them2 ,we are farre from erecting your worth upon the pillars of your ,fore-fathers1 whose merits you illustrate4 ,we honour your old ,virtues1 conformable unto times before you1 which are the ,noblest ,armoury4 ,and having long experience of your friendly conversation1 void of empty ,formality1 full of freedome1 constant and ,generous ,honesty1 ,i look upon you as a ,gemme of the ,old ,rock,j1 and must professe my self even to ,urne and ,ashes1 ,j ,adamas de rupe veteri prstantissimus4 ,your ever faithfull ,friend1 and ,servant1 ,,thomas ,,browne4 ,norwich1 ,may #a4 ,,to ,,my ,,worthy ,,and ,,honoured ,,friend ,,nicholas ,,bacon ,of ,gillingham ,esquire4 ,had ,i not observed that ,k,purblinde men have discoursed well of sight1 and some ,lwithout issue1 excellently of ,generation2 ,i that was never master of any considerable garden1 had not attempted this ,subject4 ,but the ,earth is the ,garden of ,nature1 and each fruitfull ,countrey a ,paradise4 ,dioscorides made most of his ,observations in his march about with ,antonius2 and ,theophrastus raised his generalities chiefly from the field4 ,k ,plempius1 ,cabeus1 etc4 ,l ,d4 ,harvy4 ,beside1 we write no ,herball1 nor can this ,volume deceive you1 who have handled the ,mmassiest thereof3 who know that thre ,n,folio's are yet too little1 and how ,new ,herbals fly from ,america upon us1 from persevering ,enquirers1 and ,oold in those singularities1 we expect such ,descriptions4 ,wherein ,p,england is now so exact1 that it yeelds not to other ,countreys4 ,m ,besleri ,hortus ,eystetensis4 ,n ,bauhini ,theatrum ,botanicum1 etc4 ,o ,my worthy friend ,m4 ,goodier an ancient and learned ,botanist4 ,p ,as in ,london and divers parts1 whereof we mention none1 lest we seem to omit any4 ,we pretend not to multiply vegetable divisions by ,quincuncial and ,reticulate plants2 or erect a new ,phytology4 ,the ,field of knowledge hath been so traced1 it is hard to spring any thing new4 ,of old things we write something new1 ,if truth may receive addition1 or envy will have any thing new2 since the ,ancients knew the late ,anatomicall discoveries1 and ,hippocrates the ,circulation4 ,you have been so long out of trite learning1 that 'tis hard to finde a subject proper for you2 and if you have met with a ,sheet upon this1 we have missed our intention4 ,in this multiplicity of writing1 bye and barren ,themes are best fitted for invention2 ,subjects so often discoursed confine the ,imagination1 and fix our conceptions unto the notions of fore-writers4 ,beside1 such ,discourses allow excursions1 and venially admit of collaterall truths1 though at some distance from their principals4 ,wherein if we sometimes take wide liberty1 we are not single1 but erre by great ,qexample4 ,q ,hippocrates de superfoetatione1 de dentitione4 ,he that will illustrate the excellency of this order1 may easily fail upon so spruce a ,subject1 wherein we have not affrighted the common ,reader with any other ,diagramms1 then of it self2 and have industriously declined illustrations from rare and unknown plants4 ,your discerning judgement so well acquainted with that study1 will expect herein no mathematicall truths1 as well understanding how few generalities and ,r,vfinita's there are in nature4 ,how ,scaliger hath found exceptions in most ,universals of ,aristotle and ,theophrastus4 ,how ,botanicall ,maximes must have fair allowance1 and are tolerably currant1 if not intolerably over-ballanced by exceptions4 ,r ,rules without exceptions4 ,you have wisely ordered your vegetable delights1 beyond the reach of exception4 ,the ,turks who passt their dayes in ,gardens here1 will have ,gardens also hereafter1 and delighting in ,flowers on earth1 must have ,lillies and ,roses in ,heaven4 ,in ,garden ,delights 'tis not easie to hold a ,mediocrity2 that insinuating pleasure is seldome without some extremity4 ,the ,antients venially delighted in flourishing ,gardens2 ,many were ,florists that knew not the true use of a ,flower2 ,and in ,plinies dayes none had directly treated of that subject4 ,some commendably affected ,plantations of venemous ,vegetables1 some confined their delights unto single plants1 and ,cato seemed to dote upon ,cabbadge2 ,while the ,ingenuous delight of ,tulipists1 stands saluted with hard language1 even by their own ,s,professors4 ,s ,tulipo mania1 ,narrencruiid1 ,laurenberg4 ,pet4 ,hondius4 in lib4 ,belg4 ,that in this ,garden ,discourse1 we range into extraneous things1 and many parts of ,art and ,nature1 we follow herein the example of old and new ,plantations1 wherein noble spirits contented not themselves with ,trees1 but by the attendance of ,aviaries1 ,fish-,ponds1 and all variety of ,animals1 they made their gardens the ,epitome of the earth1 and some resemblance of the secular shows of old4 ,that we conjoyn these parts of different ,subjects1 or that this should succeed the other2 ,your judgement will admit without impute of incongruity2 ,since the delightfull ,world comes after death1 and ,paradise succeeds the ,grave4 ,since the verdant state of things is the ,symbole of the ,resurrection1 and to flourish in the state of ,glory1 we must first be sown in corruption4 ,beside the ancient practise of ,noble ,persons1 to conclude in ,garden-,graves1 and ,urnes themselves of old1 to be wrapt up flowers and garlands4 ,nullam sine venia placuisse eloquium1 is more sensibly understood by ,writers1 then by ,readers2 nor well apprehended by either1 till works have hanged out like ,apelles his ,pictures2 wherein even common eyes will finde something for emendation4 ,to wish all ,readers of your abilities1 were unreasonably to multiply the number of ,scholars beyond the temper of these times4 ,but unto this ill-judging age1 we charitably desire a portion of your equity1 judgement1 candour1 and ingenuity2 wherein you are so rich1 as not to lose by diffusion4 ,and being a flourishing branch of that ,t,noble ,family1 unto which we owe so much observance1 you are not new set1 but long rooted in such perfection2 whereof having had so lasting confirmation in your worthy conversation1 constant amity1 and expression2 and knowing you a serious ,student in the highest arcana's of ,nature2 with much excuse we bring these low delights1 and poor maniples to your ,treasure4 ,t ,of the most worthy ,sr ,edmund ,bacon prime ,baronet1 my true and noble ,friend4 ,your affectionate ,friend1 and ,servant1 ,,thomas ,,browne4 ,norwich1 ,may #a4 ,illustration3 ,en sum quod digitis ,quinque ,levatur onus ,propert ,,hydriotaphia3 ,,urne ,,burial ,or1 a brief ,discourse of the ,sepulchrall ,urnes lately found in ,norfolk4 ,,chapter ,i ,in the deep discovery of the ,subterranean world1 a shallow part would satisfie some enquirers2 who1 if two or three yards were open about the surface1 would not care to wrack the bowels of ,potosi1#a regions towards the ,centre4 ,nature hath furnished one part of the ,earth1 and man another4 ,the treasures of time lie high1 in ,urnes1 ,coynes1 and ,monuments1 scarce below the roots of some vegetables4 ,time hath endlesse rarities1 and shows of all varieties2 which reveals old things in heaven1 makes new discoveries in earth1 and even earth it self a discovery4 ,that great antiquity ,america lay buried for thousands of years2 and a large part of the earth is still in the ,urne unto us4 #a ,the rich mountain of ,peru4 ,though if ,adam were made out of an extract of the ,earth1 all parts might challenge a restitution1 yet few have returned their bones far lower then they might receive them2 not affecting the graves of ,giants under hilly and heavy coverings1 but content with lesse then their own depth1 have wished their bones might lie soft1 and the earth be light upon them2 ,even such as hope to rise again1 would not be content with central interrment1 or so desperately to place their reliques as to lie beyond discovery1 and in no way to be seen again2 which happy contrivance hath made communication with our forefathers1 and left unto our view some parts1 which they never beheld themselves4 ,though earth hath engrossed the name yet water hath proved the smartest grave2 which in fourty dayes swallowed almost mankinde1 and the living creation2 ,fishes not wholly escaping1 except the salt ,ocean were handsomly contempered by a mixture of the fresh ,element4 ,many have taken voluminous pains to determine the state of the soul upon disunion2 but men have been most phantastical in the singular contrivances of their corporall dissolution3 whilest the soberest ,nations have rested in two wayes1 of simple inhumation and burning4 ,that carnal interrment or burying1 was of the elder date1 the old examples of ,abraham and the ,patriarches are sufficient to illustrate2 ,and were without competition1 if it could be made out1 that ,adam was buried near ,damascus1 or ,mount ,calvary1 according to some ,tradition4 ,god himself that buried but one1 was pleased to make choice of this way1 collectible from ,scripture-expression1 and the hot contest between ,satan and the ,arch-,angel1 about discovering the body of ,moses4 ,but the practice of ,burning was also of great ,antiquity1 and of no slender extent4 ,for 7not to derive the same from ,hercules7 noble descriptions there are hereof in the ,grecian ,funerale of ,homer1 in the formal ,obsequies of ,patroclus1 and ,achilles2 and somewhat elder in the ,theban war1 and solemn combustion of ,meneceus1 and ,archemorus1 contemporary unto ,jair the ,eighth ,judge of ,israel4 ,confirmable also among the ,trojans1 from the ,funeral ,pyre of ,hector1 burnt before the gates of ,troy1 and the burning#b of ,penthisilea the ,amazonian ,queen3 and long continuance of that practice in the inward ,countries of ,asia2 while as low as the ,reign of ,julian1 we finde that the ,king of ,chionia#c burnt the body of his ,son1 and interred the ashes in a silver ,urne4 #b ,q4 ,calaber lib4 #a4 #c ,ammianus ,marcellinus1 ,gumbrates ,king of ,chionia a ,countrey near ,persia4 ,the same practice extended also far ,west1#d and besides ,herulians1 ,getes1 and ,thracians1 was in use with most of the ,celt1 ,sarmatians1 ,germans1 ,gauls1 ,danes1 ,swedes1 ,norwegians2 not to omit some use thereof among ,carthaginians and ,americans3 ,of greater antiquity among the ,romans then most opinion1 or ,pliny seems to allow4 ,for 7beside the old ,table ,laws of burning#e or burying within the ,city1 of making the ,funeral fire with plained wood1 or quenching the fire with wine7 ,manlius the ,consul burnt the body of his son3 ,numa by special clause of his will1 was not burnt but buried2 ,and ,remus was solemnly buried1 according to the description of ,ovid4#f #d ,arnoldis ,montanis not in ,cs4 ,commentar4 ,l4 ,l4 ,gyraldus4 ,kirkmannus4 #e #ab ,tabul4 part4 #a de jure sacro4 ,hominem mortuum in urbe ne sepelito1 neve urito4 tom4 #b4 ,rogum asci ne polito4 to4 #d ,item vigeneri ,annottat in ,livium1 et ,alex4 ab ,alex4 cum ,tiraquello ,roscinus cum dempstero4 #f ,ultima prolato subditu flamma rogo4 ,de ,fast4 lib4 #d4 cum ,car4 ,neapol4 anaptyxi4 ,cornelius ,sylla was not the first whose body was burned in ,rome1 but of the ,cornelian ,family1 which being indifferently1 not frequently used before2 from that time spread and became the prevalent practice4 ,not totally pursued in the highest run of ,cremation2 ,for when even ,crows were funerally burnt1 ,poppa the wife of ,nero found a peculiar grave enterment4 ,now as all customs were founded upon some bottom of ,reason1 so there wanted not grounds for this2 according to several apprehensions of the most rational dissolution4 ,some being of the opinion of ,thales1 that water was the original of all things1 thought it most equal to submit unto the principle of putrifaction1 and conclude in a moist relentment4 ,others conceived it most natural to end in fire1 as due unto the master principle in the composition1 according to the doctrine of ,heraclitus4 ,and therefore heaped up large piles1 more actively to waft them toward that ,element1 whereby they also declined a visible degeneration into worms1 and left a lasting parcel of their composition4 ,some apprehended a purifying virtue in fire1 refining the grosser commixture1 and firing out the thereal particles so deeply immersed in it4 ,and such as by tradition or rational conjecture held any hint of the final pyre of all things2 or that this ,element at last must be too hard for all the rest2 might conceive most naturally of the fiery dissolution4 ,others pretending no natural grounds1 politickly declined the malice of enemies upon their buried bodies4 ,which consideration led ,sylla unto this practice2 who having thus served the body of ,marius1 could not but fear a retaliation upon his own2 entertained after in the ,civil wars1 and revengeful contentions of ,rome4 ,but as many ,nations embraced1 and many left it indifferent1 so others too much affected1 or strictly declined this practice4 ,the ,indian ,brachmans seemed too great friends unto fire1 who burnt themselves alive1 and thought it the noblest way to end their dayes in fire2 according to the expression of the ,indian1 burning himself at ,athens1#g in his last words upon the pyre unto the amazed spectators1 ,thus ,i make my self immortal4 #g ,and therefore the ,inscription of his ,tomb was made accordingly4 ,nic4 ,damasc4 ,but the ,chaldeans the great ,idolaters of fire1 abhorred the burning of their carcasses1 as a polution of that ,deity4 ,the ,persian ,magi declined it upon the like scruple1 and being only solicitous about their bones1 exposed their flesh to the prey of ,birds and ,dogs4 ,and the ,persees now in ,india1 which expose their bodies unto ,vultures1 and endure not so much as feretra or ,beers of ,wood2 the proper ,fuell of fire1 are led on with such nicities4 ,but whether the ancient ,germans who burned their dead1 held any such fear to pollute their ,deity of ,herthus1 or the earth1 we have no ,authentick conjecture4 ,the gyptians were afraid of fire1 not as a ,deity1 but a devouring ,element1 mercilesly consuming their bodies1 and leaving too little of them2 and therefore by precious ,embalments1 depositure in dry earths1 or handsome inclosure in glasses1 contrived the notablest wayes of integrall conservation4 ,and from such gyptian scruples imbibed by ,pythagoras1 it may be conjectured that ,numa and the ,pythagorical ,sect first waved the fiery solution4 ,the ,scythians who swore by winde and sword1 that is1 by life and death1 were so far from burning their bodies1 that they declined all interrment1 and made their grave in the ayr3 ,and the ,ichthyophagi or fish-eating ,nations about gypt1 affected the ,sea for their grave3 ,thereby declining visible corruption1 and restoring the debt of their bodies4 ,whereas the old ,heroes in ,homer1 dreaded nothing more than water or drowning2 probably upon the old opinion of the fiery substance of the soul1 onely extinguishable by that ,element2 ,and therfore the ,poet emphatically implieth the total destruction in this kinde of death1 which happened to ,ajax ,oileus4#h #h ,which ,magius reads exapolle4 ,the old ,balearians#i had a peculiar mode1 for they used great ,urnes and much wood1 but no fire in their burials2 while they bruised the flesh and bones of the dead1 crowded them into ,urnes1 and laid heaps of wood upon them4 ,and the ,chinois#aj without cremation or urnal interrment of their bodies1 make use of trees and much burning1 while they plant a ,pine-tree by their grave1 and burn great numbers of printed draughts of slaves and horses over it1 civilly content with their companies in effigie1 which barbarous ,nations exact unto reality4 #i ,diodorus ,siculus4 #aj ,ramusius in ,navigat4 ,christians abhorred this way of obsequies1 and though they stickt not to give their bodies to be burnt in their lives1 detested that mode after death2 affecting rather a depositure than absumption1 and properly submitting unto the sentence of ,god1 to return not unto ashes but unto dust again1 conformable unto the practice of the ,patriarches1 the interrment of our ,saviour1 of ,peter1 ,paul1 and the ancient ,martyrs4 ,and so far at last declining promiscuous enterrment with ,pagans1 that some#aa have suffered ,ecclesiastical censures1 for making no scruple thereof4 #aa ,martialis the ,bishop4 ,cyprian4 ,the ,musselman beleevers will never admit this fiery resolution4 ,for they hold a present trial from their black and white ,angels in the grave2 which they must have made so hollow1 that they may rise upon their knees4 ,the ,jewish ,nation1 though they entertained the old way of inhumation1 yet sometimes admitted this practice4 ,for the men of ,jabesh burnt the body of ,saul4 ,and by no prohibited practice to avoid contagion or pollution1 in time of pestilence1 burnt the bodies of their friends4#ab ,and when they burnt not their dead bodies1 yet sometimes used great burnings near and about them1 deducible from the expressions concerning ,jehoram1 ,sedechias1 and the sumptuous pyre of ,asa2 ,and were so little averse from ,pagan#ac burning1 that the ,jews lamenting the death of ,csar their friend1 and revenger on ,pompey1 frequented the place where his body was burnt for many nights together4 ,and as they raised noble ,monuments and ,mausolums for their own ,nation1#ad so they were not scrupulous in erecting some for others1 according to the practice of ,daniel1 who left that lasting sepulchral pyle in ,echbatana1 for the ,median and ,persian ,kings4#ae #ab ,amos #f4 #aj4 #ac ,sueton4 in vita4 ,jul4 ,cs4 #ad ,as that magnificent sepulchral ,monument erected by ,simon4 ,mach4 #a4 #ac4 #ae ,kataskeuasma thaumasis pepoimenon1 whereof a ,jewish ,priest had alwayes the custody unto ,josephus his dayes4 ,jos4 ,lib4 #aj4 ,antiq4 ,but even in times of subjection and hottest use1 they conformed not unto the ,romane practice of burning2 whereby the ,prophecy was secured concerning the body of ,christ1 that it should not see corruption1 or a bone should not be broken2 which we beleeve was also providentially prevented1 from the ,souldiers spear and nailes that past by the little bones both in his hands and feet3 ,nor of ordinary contrivance1 that it should not corrupt on the crosse1 according to the ,law of ,romane ,crucifixion1 or an hair of his head perish1 though observable in ,jewish customes1 to cut the haires of ,malefactors4 ,nor in their long co-habitation with the gyptians1 crept into a custome of their exact embalming1 wherein deeply slashing the muscles1 and taking out the braines and entrailes1 they had broken the subject of so entire a ,resurrection1 nor fully answered the tipes of ,enoch1 ,eliah1 or ,jonah1 which yet to prevent or restore1 was of equall facility unto that rising power1 able to break the fasciations and bands of death1 to get clear out of the ,cere-cloth1 and an hundred pounds of oyntment1 and out of the ,sepulchre before the stone was rolled from it4 ,but though they embraced not this practice of burning1 yet entertained they many ceremonies agreeable unto ,greek and ,romane obsequies1 ,and he that observeth their funeral ,feasts1 their ,lamentations at the grave1 their musick1 and weeping mourners2 how they closed the eyes of their friends1 how they washed1 anointed1 and kissed the dead2 may easily conclude these were not meer ,pagan ,civilities4 ,but whether that mournful burthen1 and treble calling out after ,absalom1 had any reference unto the last conclamation1 and triple valediction1 used by other nations1 we hold but a wavering conjecture4 ,civilians make sepulture but of the ,law of nations1 others do naturally found it and discover it also in animals4 ,they that are so thick skinned as still to credit the story of the ,phoenix1 may say something for animal burning3 ,more serious conjectures finde some examples of sepulture in ,elephants1 ,cranes1 the ,sepulchral ,cells of ,pismires and practice of ,bees2 which civil society carrieth out their dead1 and hath exequies1 if not interrments4 ,,chapter ,,ii ,the ,solemnities1 ,ceremonies1 ,rites of their ,cremation or enterrment1 so solemnly delivered by ,authours1 we shall not disparage our ,reader to repeat4 ,only the last and lasting part in their ,urns1 collected bones and ,ashes1 we cannot wholly omit1 or decline that ,subject1 which occasion lately presented1 in some discovered among us4 ,in a ,field of old ,walsingham1 not many months past1 were digged up between fourty and fifty ,urnes1 deposited in a dry and sandy soile1 not a yard deep1 nor far from one another3 ,not all strictly of one figure1 but most answering these described2 ,some containing two pounds of bones1 distinguishable in skulls1 ribs1 jawes1 thigh-bones1 and teeth1 with fresh impressions of their combustion4 ,besides the extraneous substances1 like peeces of small boxes1 or combs handsomely wrought1 handles of small brasse instruments1 brazen nippers1 and in one some kinde of ,opale4#af #af ,in one sent me by my worthy friend ,dr4 ,thomas ,witherley of ,walsingham4 ,near the same plot of ground1 for about six yards compasse were digged up coals and incinerated substances1 which begat conjecture that this was the ,ustrina or place of burning their bodies1 or some sacrificing place unto the ,manes1 which was properly below the surface of the ground1 as the ,ar and ,altars unto the gods and ,heroes above it4 ,that these were the ,urnes of ,romanes from the common custome and place where they were found1 is no obscure conjecture1 not far from a ,romane ,garrison1 and but five mile from ,brancaster1 set down by ancient ,record under the name of ,brannodunum4 ,and where the adjoyning ,town1 containing seven ,parishes1 in no very different sound1 but ,saxon termination1 still retaines the ,name of ,burnham1 which being an early station1 it is not improbable the neighbour parts were filled with habitations1 either of ,romanes themselves1 or ,brittains ,romanised1 which observed the ,romane customes4 ,nor is it improbable that the ,romanes early possessed this ,countrey2 for though we meet not with such strict particulars of these parts1 before the new ,institution of ,constantine1 and military charge of the ,count of the ,saxon shore1 and that about the ,saxon ,invasions1 the ,dalmatian ,horsemen were in the ,garrison of ,brancaster3 ,yet in the time of ,claudius ,vespasian1 and ,severus1 we finde no lesse then three ,legions dispersed through the ,province of ,brittain4 ,and as high as the ,reign of ,claudius a great overthrow was given unto the ,iceni1 by the ,romane ,lieutenant ,ostorius4 ,not long after the ,countrey was so molested1 that in hope of a better state ,prasatagus bequeathed his ,kingdom unto ,nero and his ,daughters2 and ,boadicea his ,queen fought the last decisive ,battle with ,paulinus4 ,after which time and ,conquest of ,agricola the ,lieutenant of ,vespasian1 probable it is they wholly possessed this ,countrey1 ordering it into ,garrisons or ,habitations1 best suitable with their securities4 ,and so some ,romane habitations1 not improbable in these parts1 as high as the time of ,vespasian1 where the ,saxons after seated1 in whose thin-fill'd ,mappes we yet finde the ,name of ,walsingham4 ,now if the ,iceni were but ,gammadims1 ,anconians1 or men that lived in an ,angle wedge or ,elbow of ,brittain1 according to the ,original ,etymologie1 this countrey will challenge the ,emphatical appellation1 as most properly making the ,elbow or ,iken of ,icenia4 ,that ,britain was notably populous is undeniable1 from that expression of ,csar#ag4 ,that the ,romanes themselves were early in no small numbers1 ,seventy ,thousand with their associats slain by ,boadicea1 affords a sure account4 ,and though many ,roman habitations are now unknown1 yet some by old works1 ,rampiers1 ,coynes1 and ,urnes do testifie their ,possessions4 ,some ,urnes have been found at ,castor1 some also about ,southcreake and not many years past1 no lesse then ten in a field at ,buxton1#ah not near any recorded ,garrison4 ,nor is it strange to finde ,romane ,coynes of ,copper and ,silver among us2 of ,vespasian1 ,trajan1 ,adrian1 ,commodus1 ,antoninus1 ,severus1 etc4 ,but the greater number of ,dioclesian1 ,constantine1 ,constans1 ,valens1 with many of ,victorinus ,posthumius1 ,tetricus1 and the thirty ,tyrants in the ,reigne of ,gallienus2 and some as high as ,adrianus have been found about ,thetford1 or ,sitomagus1 mentioned in the itinerary of ,antoninus1 as the way from ,venta or ,castor unto ,london#ai4t the most frequent discovery is made at the two ,casters by ,norwich and ,yarmouth#bj ,burghcastle and ,brancaster4#ba #ag ,hominum infinita multitudo est1 creberrimaque dificia fer ,gallicis consimilia4 ,cs4 de bello ,gal4 l4 #e4 #ah ,in the ground of my worthy ,friend ,rob4 ,jegon1 ,esq41 wherein some things contained were preserved by the most worthy ,sir ,william ,paston1 ,bt4 #ai ,from ,castor to ,thetford the ,romans accounted thirty-two miles1 and from thence observed not our common road to ,london1 but passed by ,combretonium ad ,ansam1 ,canonium1 ,csaromagus1 etc41 by ,bretenham1 ,coggeshall1 ,chelmeford1 ,burntwood1 etc4 #bj ,most at ,caster by ,yarmouth1 found in a place called ,east-bloudyburgh furlong1 belonging to ,mr4 ,thomas ,wood1 a person of civility1 industry and knowledge in this way1 who hath made observation of remarkable things about him1 and from whom we have received divers ,silver and ,copper ,coynes4 #ba ,belonging to that ,noble ,gentleman1 and true example of worth ,sir ,ralph ,hare1 ,baronet1 my honoured ,friend4 ,besides1 the ,norman1 ,saxon and ,danish peeces of ,cuthred1 ,canutus1 ,william ,matilda1#bb and others1 some ,brittish ,coynes of gold have been dispersedly found2 ,and no small number of silver peeces neer ,norwich#bc2 with a rude head upon the obverse1 and an ill formed horse on the reverse1 with inscriptions ,ic4 ,duro ,t4 whether implying ,iceni1 ,duroriges1 ,tascia1 or ,trinobantes1 we leave to higher conjecture4 ,vulgar ,chronology will have ,norwich ,castle as old as ,julius ,csar1 but his distance from these parts1 and its ,gothick form of structure1 abridgeth such ,antiquity4 ,the ,british ,coyns afford conjecture of early habitation in these parts1 though the ,city of ,norwich arose from the ruines of ,venta1 and though perhaps not without some habitation before1 was enlarged1 builded1 and nominated by the ,saxons4 ,in what bulk or populosity it stood in the old ,east-angle ,monarchy1 tradition and history are silent4 ,considerable it was in the ,danish ,eruptions1 when ,sueno burnt ,thetford and ,norwich1#bd and ,ulfketel the ,governour thereof was able to make some resistance1 and after endeavoured to burn the ,danish ,navy4 #bb ,a peece of ,maud the ,empresse said to be found in ,buckenham ,castle with this inscription1 ,elle n'a elle4 #bc ,at ,thorpe4 #bd ,brampton ,abbas ,jorvallensis4 ,how the ,romanes left so many ,coynes in ,countreys of their ,conquests1 seemes of hard resolution1 except we consider how they buried them under ground1 when upon barbarous invasions they were fain to desert their habitations in most part of their ,empire1 and the strictnesse of their laws forbiding to transfer them to any other uses2 ,wherein the ,spartans#be were singular1 who to make their copper money uselesse1 contempered it with vinegar4 ,that the ,britains left any1 some wonder2 since their money was iron1 and ,iron rings before ,csar2 and those of after stamp by permission1 and but small in bulk and bignesse2 that so few of the ,saxons remain1 because overcome by suceeding ,conquerours upon the place1 their ,coynes by degrees passed into other stamps1 and the marks of after ages4 #be ,plut4 in vita ,lycurg4 ,then the time of these ,urnes deposited1 or precise ,antiquity of these ,relicks1 nothing of more uncertainty4 ,for since the ,lieutenant of ,claudius seems to have the first progresse into these parts1 since ,boadicea was overthrown by the ,forces of ,nero1 and ,agricola put a full end to these ,conquests2 it is not probable the ,country was fully garrisoned or planted before2 and therefore however these ,urnes might be of later date1 not likely of higher ,antiquity4 ,and the succeeding ,emperours desisted not from their conquests in these and other parts2 as testified by history and medal inscription yet extant4 ,the ,province of ,britain in so divided a distance from ,rome1 beholding the faces of many ,imperial persons1 and in large account no fewer than ,csar1 ,claudius1 ,britannicus1 ,vespasian1 ,titus1 ,adrian1 ,severus1 ,commodus1 ,geta1 and ,caracalla4 ,a great obscurity herein1 because1 no medall or ,emperours coyne enclosed1 which might denote the dates of their enterrments1 observable in many ,urnes1 and found in those of ,spittle ,fields by ,london1#bf which contained the ,coynes of ,claudius1 ,vespasian1 ,commodus1 ,antoninus1 attended with ,lacrymatories1 ,lamps1 ,bottles of ,liquor1 and other appurtenances of affectionate superstition1 which in these rurall interrments were wanting4 #bf ,stowes ,survey of ,london4 ,some uncertainty there is from the period or term of burning1 or the cessation of that practise4 ,macrobius affirmeth it was disused in his dayes4 ,but most agree1 though without authentick record1 that it ceased with the ,antonini4 ,most safely to be understood after the ,reigne of those ,emperours1 which assumed the name of ,antoninus1 extending unto ,heliogabalus4 ,not strictly after ,marcus2 ,for about fifty years later we finde the magnificent burning1 and consecration of ,severus2 and if we so fix this period or cessation1 these ,urnes will challenge above thirteen hundred yeers4 ,but whether this practise was onely then left by ,emperours and great persons1 or generally about ,rome1 and not in other ,provinces1 we hold no authentick account4 ,for after ,tertullian1 in the dayes of ,minucius it was obviously objected upon ,christians1 that they condemned the practise of burning4#bg ,and we finde a passage in ,sidonius1#bh which asserteth that practise in ,france unto a lower account4 ,and perhaps not fully disused till ,christianity fully established1 which gave the final extinction to these ,sepulchral ,bonefires4 #bg ,execrantur rogos1 et damnant ignium sepulturam4 ,min4 in ,oct4 #bh ,sidon4 ,apollinaris4 ,whether they were the bones of men or women or children1 no authentick decision from ancient custome in distinct places of burial4 ,although not improbably conjectured1 that the double ,sepulture or burying place of ,abraham1 had in it such intension4 ,but from exility of bones1 thinnesse of skulls1 smallnesse of teeth1 ribbes1 and thigh-bones2 not improbable that many thereof were persons of minor age1 or women4 ,confirmable also from things contained in them3 ,in most were found substances resembling ,combes1 ,plates like ,boxes1 fastened with ,iron pins1 and handsomely overwrought like the necks or ,bridges of ,musicall ,instruments1 long brasse plates overwrought like the handles of neat implements1 brazen nippers to pull away hair1 and in one a kinde of ,opale yet maintaining a blewish colour4 ,now that they accustomed to burn or bury with them1 things wherein they excelled1 delighted1 or which were dear unto them1 either as farewells unto all pleasure1 or vain apprehension that they might use them in the other world1 is testified by all ,antiquity4 ,observable from the ,gemme or ,beril ,ring upon the finger of ,cynthia1 the ,mistress of ,propertius1 when after her ,funeral ,pyre her ,ghost appeared unto him4 ,and notably illustrated from the ,contents of that ,roman ,urne preserved by ,cardinal ,farnese1#bi wherein besides great number of ,gemmes with heads of ,gods and ,goddesses1 were found an ,ape of ,agath1 a ,grashopper1 an ,elephant of ,ambre1 a ,crystal ,ball1 three glasses1 two ,spoons1 and six ,nuts of ,crystall4 ,and beyond the content of ,urnes1 in the ,monument of ,childerick the first1#cj and fourth ,king from ,pharamond1 casually discovered three years past at ,tournay1 restoring unto the world much gold richly adorning his ,sword1 two hundred ,rubies1 many hundred ,imperial ,coyns1 three hundred ,golden ,bees1 the bones and horseshoe of his horse enterred with him1 according to the barbarous magnificence of those dayes in their sepulchral ,obsequies4 ,although if we steer by the conjecture of many and ,septuagint expression2 some trace thereof may be found even with the ancient ,hebrews1 not only from the ,sepulcral treasure of ,david1 but the circumcision knives which ,josuah also buried4 #bi ,vigeneri ,annot4 in #d4 ,liv4 #cj ,chifflet in ,anast4 ,childer4 ,some men considering the contents of these ,urnes1 lasting peeces and toyes included in them1 and the custome of burning with many other ,nations1 might somewhat doubt whether all ,urnes found among us1 were properly ,romane ,reliques1 or some not belonging unto our ,brittish1 ,saxon1 or ,danish ,forefathers4 ,in the form of ,burial among the ancient ,brittains1 the large ,discourses of ,csar1 ,tacitus1 and ,strabo are silent3 ,for the discovery whereof1 with other particulars1 we must deplore the loss of that ,letter which ,cicero expected or received from his ,brother ,quintus1 as a resolution of ,brittish customes2 or the account which might have been made by ,scribonius ,largus the ,physician1 accompanying the ,emperor ,claudius1 who might have also discovered that frugal ,bit#ca of the ,old ,brittains1 which in the bigness of a ,bean could satisfie their thirst and hunger4 #ca ,dionis excerpta per ,xiphilin4 in ,severo4 ,but that the ,druids and ruling ,priests used to burn and bury1 is expressed by ,pomponius2 ,that ,bellinus the ,brother of ,brennus1 and ,king of ,brittains was burnt1 is acknowledged by ,polydorus1 as also by ,amandus ,zierexensis in ,historia1 and ,pineda in his ,universa historia4 ,spanish4 ,that they held that practise in ,gallia1 ,csar expressly delivereth4 ,whether the ,brittains 7probably descended from them1 of like ,religion1 ,language and ,manners7 did not sometimes make use of burning2 or whether at least such as were after civilized unto the ,romane life and manners1 conformed not unto this practise1 we have no historical assertion or denial4 ,but since from the account of ,tacitus the ,romanes early wrought so much civility upon the ,brittish stock1 that they brought them to build ,temples1 to wear the ,gown1 and study the ,romane ,laws and ,language1 that they conformed also unto their ,religious rites and customes in burials1 seems no improbable conjecture4 ,that burning the dead was used in ,sarmatia1 is affirmed by ,gaguinus1 that the ,sueons and ,gothlanders used to burn their ,princes and great persons1 is delivered by ,saxo and ,olaus2 that this was the old ,germane practise1 is also asserted by ,tacitus4 ,and though we are bare in historical particulars of such obsequies in this ,island1 or that the ,saxons1 ,jutes1 and ,angles burnt their dead1 yet came they from parts where 'twas of ancient practise2 the ,germanes using it1 from whom they were descended4 ,and even in ,jutland and ,sleswick in ,anglia ,cymbrica1 ,urnes with bones were found not many years before us4 ,sidenote3 ,roisold1 ,brendetiide4 ,ild tyde4 ,but the ,danish and ,northern ,nations have raised an ra or point of compute from their ,custome of burning their dead3 ,some deriving it from ,unguinus1 some from ,frotho the great2 who ordained by ,law1 that ,princes and ,chief ,commanders should be committed unto the fire1 though the common sort had the common grave enterrment4 ,so ,starkatterus that old ,heroe was burnt1 and ,ringo royally burnt the body of ,harald the ,king slain by him4 ,what time this custome generally expired in that ,nation1 we discern no assured period2 whether it ceased before ,christianity1 or upon their ,conversion1 by ,ansgurius the ,gaul in the time of ,ludovicus ,pius the ,son of ,charles the ,great1 according to good computes2 or whether it might not be used by some persons1 while for a hundred and eighty years ,paganisme and ,christianity were promiscuously embraced among them1 there is no assured conclusion4 ,about which times the ,danes were busie in ,england1 and particularly infested this ,countrey3 ,where many ,castles and strong holds were built by them1 or against them1 and great number of names and ,families still derived from them4 ,but since this custome was probably disused before their ,invasion or ,conquest1 and the ,romanes confessedly practised the same1 since their possession of this ,island1 the most assured account will fall upon the ,romanes1 or ,brittains ,romanized4 ,however certain it is1 that ,urnes conceived of no ,romane ,original1 are often digged up both in ,norway and ,denmark1 handsomely described1 and graphically represented by the ,learned ,physician ,wormius1#cb ,and in some parts of ,denmark in no ordinary number1 as stands delivered by ,authors exactly describing those ,countreys4#cc ,and they contained not only bones1 but many other substances in them1 as ,knives1 peeces of ,iron1 ,brass and ,wood1 and one of ,norway a brasse guilded ,jewes harp4 #cb ,olai ,wormii monumenta et ,antiquitat4 ,dan4 #cc ,adolphus ,cyprius in ,annal4 ,sleswic4 urnis adeo abundabat collis1 etc4 ,nor were they confused or carelesse in disposing the noblest sort1 while they placed large stones in circle about the ,urnes1 or bodies which they interred3 ,somewhat answerable unto the ,monument of ,rollrich stones in ,england1#cd or sepulcral ,monument probably erected by ,rollo1 who after conquered ,normandy4 ,where 'tis not improbable somewhat might be discovered4 ,mean while to what ,nation or person belonged that large ,urne found at ,ashburie1#ce containing mighty bones1 and a ,buckler2 what those large ,urnes found at little ,massingham1#cf or why the ,anglesea ,urnes are placed with their mouths downwards1 remains yet undiscovered4 #cd ,in ,oxfordshire2 ,cambden4 #ce ,in ,cheshire1 ,twinus de rebus ,albionicis4 #cf ,in ,norfolk1 ,hollingshead4 ,,chapter ,,iii ,playstered and whited ,sepulchres1 were anciently affected in cadaverous1 and corruptive ,burials2 ,and the rigid ,jews were wont to garnish the ,sepulchres of the righteous2#cg ,ulysses in ,hecuba#ch cared not how meanly he lived1 so he might finde a noble ,tomb after death4 ,great ,princes affected great ,monuments1 and the fair and larger ,urnes contained no vulgar ashes1 which makes that disparity in those which time discovereth among us4 ,the present ,urnes were not of one capacity1 the largest containing above a gallon1 ,some not much above half that measure2 nor all of one figure1 wherein there is no strict conformity1 in the same or different ,countreys2 ,observable from those represented by ,casalius1 ,bosio1 and others1 though all found in ,italy3 ,while many have handles1 ears1 and long necks1 but most imitate a circular figure1 in a spherical and round composure2 whether from any mystery1 best duration or capacity1 were but a conjecture4 ,but the common form with necks was a proper figure1 making our last bed like our first2 nor much unlike the ,urnes of our ,nativity1 while we lay in the nether part of the ,earth1#ci and inward vault of our ,microcosme4 ,many ,urnes are red1 these but of a black colour1 somewhat smooth1 and dully sounding1 which begat some doubt1 whether they were burnt1 or only baked in ,oven or ,sun3 ,according to the ancient way1 in many bricks1 tiles1 pots1 and testaceous works2 and as the word testa is properly to be taken1 when occurring without addition3 ,and chiefly intended by ,pliny1 when he commendeth bricks and tiles of two years old1 and to make them in the spring4 ,nor only these concealed peeces1 but the open magnificence of ,antiquity1 ran much in the ,artifice of ,clay4 ,hereof the house of ,mausolus was built1 thus old ,jupiter stood in the ,capitol1 and the ,statua of ,hercules made in the ,reign of ,tarquinius ,priscus1 was extant in ,plinies dayes4 ,and such as declined burning or ,funeral ,urnes1 affected ,coffins of ,clay1 according to the mode of ,pythagoras1 and way preferred by ,varro4 ,but the spirit of great ones was above these circumscriptions1 affecting ,copper1 ,silver1 ,gold1 and ,porphyrie ,urnes1 wherein ,severus lay1 after a serious view and sentence on that which should contain him4#dj ,some of these ,urnes were thought to have been silvered over1 from sparklings in several pots1 with small ,tinsel parcels2 uncertain whether from the earth1 or the first mixture in them4 #cg ,matt4 #bc4 #ch ,euripides4 #ci ,psa4 #fc4 #dj ,chrseis ton anthrpon1 hon h oikoumen ouk chrsen4 ,dion4 ,among these ,urnes we could obtain no good account of their coverings2 only one seemed arched over with some kinde of brickwork4 ,of those found at ,buxton some were covered with flints1 some in other parts with ,tiles1 those at ,yarmouth ,caster1 were closed with ,romane bricks4 ,and some have proper earthen covers adapted and fitted to them4 ,but in the ,homerical ,urne of ,patroclus1 whatever was the solid ,tegument1 we finde the immediate covering to be a purple peece of silk3 ,and such as had no covers might have the earth closely pressed into them1 after which disposure were probably some of these1 wherein we found the bones and ashes half mortered unto the sand and sides of the ,urne2 and some long roots of ,quich1 or ,dogs-grass wreathed about the bones4 ,no ,lamps1 included ,liquors1 ,lachrymatories1 or ,tear-,bottles attended these rural ,urnes1 either as sacred unto the ,manes1 or passionate expressions of their surviving friends4 ,while with rich flames1 and hired teares they solemnized their ,obsequies1 and in the most lamented ,monuments made one part of their ,inscriptions4#da ,some finde sepulchral ,vessels containing liquors1 which time hath incrassated into gellies4 ,for beside these ,lachrymatories1 notable ,lamps1 with ,vessels of ,oyles and ,aromatical ,liquors attended noble ,ossuaries4 ,and some yet retaining a ,vinosity#db and spirit in them1 which if any have tasted they have far exceeded the ,palats of ,antiquity4 ,liquors not to be computed by years of annual ,magistrates1 but by great conjunctions and the fatal periods of ,kingdoms4#dc ,the draughts of ,consulary date1 were but crude unto these1 and ,opimian#dd ,wine but in the muste unto them4 #da ,cum lacrymis posuere4 #db ,lazius4 #dc ,about five hundred years4 ,plato4 #dd ,vinum ,opiminianum annorum centum4 ,petron4 ,in sundry graves and ,sepulchres1 we meet with ,rings1 ,coynes1 and ,chalices2 ,ancient frugality was so severe1 that they allowed no gold to attend the ,corps1 but onely that which served to fasten their teeth4#de ,whether the ,opaline stone in this ,urne were burnt upon the finger of the dead1 or cast into the fire by some affectionate friend1 it will consist with either custome4 ,but other incinerable substances were found so fresh1 that they could feel no sindge from fire4 ,these upon view were judged to be wood1 but sinking in water and tried by the fire1 we found them to be bone or ,ivory4 ,in their hardnesse and yellow colour they most resembled ,box1 which in old expressions found the ,epithete#df of ,eternal1 and perhaps in such conservatories might have passed uncorrupted4 #de #ab4 ,tabul4 l4 xi4 de ,jure sacro4 ,neve aurum addito1 ast quoi auro dentes vincti erunt1 im cum illo sepelire et utere1 se fraude esto4 #df ,plin4 #a4 xvi4 ,inter xyla asap numerat ,theophrastus4 ,that ,bay-leaves were found green in the ,tomb of ,s4 ,humbert1#dg after an hundred and fifty yeers1 was looked upon as miraculous4 ,remarkable it was unto old ,spectators1 that the ,cypresse of the ,temple of ,diana1 lasted so many hundred years3 ,the wood of the ,ark and ,olive ,rod of ,aaron were older at the ,captivity4 ,but the ,cypresse of the ,ark of ,noah1 was the greatest vegetable ,antiquity1 if ,josephus were not deceived1 by some fragments of it in his dayes4 ,to omit the ,moore-logs1 and ,firre-trees found underground in some parts of ,england2 the undated ruines of winds1 flouds or earthquakes2 and which in ,flanders still shew from what quarter they fell1 as generally lying in the ,north-,east position4#dh #dg ,surius4 #dh ,gorop4 ,becanus in ,niloscopio4 ,but though we found not these peeces to be ,wood1 according to first apprehension1 yet we missed not altogether of some woody substance2 for the bones were not so clearly pickt1 but some coals were found amongst them2 ,a way to make wood perpetual1 and a fit associat for metal1 whereon was laid the foundation of the great ,ephesian ,temple1 and which were made the lasting tests of old boundaries1 and ,landmarks2 ,whilest we look on these we admire not observations of ,coals found fresh1 after four hundred years4#di ,in a long deserted habitation1#ej even ,egge-shels have been found fresh1 not tending to corruption4 #di ,of ,beringuccio nella pyrotechnia4 #ej ,at ,elmeham4 ,in the ,monument of ,king ,childerick1 the ,iron ,reliques were found all rusty and crumbling into peeces4 ,but our little ,iron pins which fastened the ivory works1 held well together1 and lost not their ,magneticall quality1 though wanting a tenacious moisture for the firmer union of parts1 although it be hardly drawn into fusion1 yet that metal soon submitteth unto rust and dissolution4 ,in the brazen peeces we admired not the duration but the freedom from rust1 and ill savour2 upon the hardest attrition1 but now exposed unto the piercing ,atomes of aire2 in the space of a few moneths1 they begin to spot and betray their green entrals4 ,we conceive not these ,urns to have descended thus naked as they appear1 or to have entred their graves without the old habit of flowers4 ,the ,urne of ,philopoemen was so laden with flowers and ribbons1 that it afforded no sight of it self4 ,the rigid ,lycurgus allowed ,olive and ,myrtle4 ,the ,athenians might fairely except against the practise of ,democritus to be buried up in honey2 as fearing to embezzle a great commodity of their ,countrey1 and the best of that kinde in ,europe4 ,but ,plato seemed too frugally politick1 who allowed no larger monument then would contain four ,heroick verses1 and designed the most barren ground for sepulture3 ,though we cannot commend the goodnesse of that sepulchral ground1 which was set at no higher rate then the mean salary of ,judas4 ,though the earth had confounded the ashes of these ,ossuaries1 yet the bones were so smartly burnt1 that some thin plates of brasse were found half melted among them3 whereby we apprehended they were not of the meanest carcasses1 perfunctorily fired as sometimes in military1 and commonly in pestilence1 burnings2 or after the manner of abject corps1 hudled forth and carelessly burnt1 without the ,esquiline ,port at ,rome2 which was an affront continued upon ,tiberius1 while they but half burnt his body1#ea and in the ,amphitheatre1 according to the custome in notable ,malefactors2 whereas ,nero seemed not so much to fear his death1 as that his head should be cut off and his body not burnt entire4 #ea ,sueton4 in vit ,tib4 et in ,amphitheatro semiustulandum1 not4 ,casaub4 ,some finding many fragments of sculs in these ,urnes1 suspected a mixture of bones2 ,in none we searched was there cause of such conjecture1 though sometimes they declined not that practise2 ,the ashes of ,domitian#eb were mingled with those of ,julia1 of ,achilles with those of ,patroclus3 ,all ,urnes contained not single ashes2 ,without confused burnings they affectionately compounded their bones2 passionately endeavouring to continue their living ,unions4 ,and when distance of death denied such conjunctions1 unsatisfied affections conceived some satisfaction to be neighbours in the grave1 to lye ,urne by ,urne1 and touch but in their names4 ,and many were so curious to continue their living relations1 that they contrived large1 and family ,urnes1 wherein the ,ashes of their nearest friends and kindred might successively be received1#ec at least some parcels thereof1 while their collateral memorials lay in minor vessels about them4 #eb ,sueton4 in vit ,domitian #ec ,s4 the most learned and worthy ,mr4 ,m4 ,casaubon upon ,antoninus4 ,antiquity held too light thoughts from ,objects of mortality1 while some drew provocatives of mirth from ,anatomies1#ed and ,juglers shewed tricks with ,skeletons4 ,when ,fidlers made not so pleasant mirth as ,fencers1 and men could sit with quiet stomacks while hanging was plaied before them4#ee ,old considerations made few memento's by sculs and bones upon their monuments4 ,in the gyptian ,obelisks and ,hieroglyphical figures1 it is not easie to meet with bones4 ,the sepulchral ,lamps speak nothing lesse then sepulture2 and in their literal draughts prove often obscene and antick peeces3 ,where we finde ,d4 ,m4#ef it is obvious to meet with sacrificing patera's1 and vessels of libation1 upon old sepulchral ,monuments4 ,in the ,jewish ,hypogum#eg and subterranean ,cell at ,rome1 was little observable beside the variety of ,lamps1 and frequent draughts of the holy ,candlestick4 ,in authentick draughts of ,anthony and ,jerome1 we meet with thigh-bones and deaths heads2 but the cemiterial ,cels of ancient ,christians and ,martyrs1 were filled with draughts of ,scripture ,stories2 not declining the flourishes of ,cypresse1 ,palms1 and ,olive2 and the mystical ,figures of ,peacocks1 ,doves and ,cocks4 ,but iterately affecting the pourtraits of ,enoch1 ,lazarus1 ,jonas1 and the vision of ,ezechiel1 as hopeful draughts1 and hinting imagery of the ,resurrection2 which is the life of the grave1 and sweetens our habitations in the ,land of ,moles and ,pismires4 #ed ,sic erimus cuncti1 etc4 ,ergo dum vivimus vivamus4 #ee ,agchonn paizein4 ,a barbarous pastime at ,feasts1 when men stood upon a rolling ,globe1 with their necks in a ,rope1 and a knife in their hands1 ready to cut it when the stone was rolled away1 wherein if they failed1 they lost their lives to the laughter of their spectators4 ,athenus4 #ef ,diis manibus4 #eg ,bosio4 ,gentile inscriptions precisely delivered the extent of mens lives1 seldome the manner of their deaths1 which history it self so often leaves obscure in the records of memorable persons4 ,there is scarce any ,philosopher but dies twice or thrice in ,laertius2 ,nor almost any life without two or three deaths in ,plutarch2 which makes the tragical ends of noble persons more favourably resented by compassionate ,readers1 who finde some relief in the ,election of such differences4 ,the certainty of death is attended with uncertainties1 in time1 manner1 places4 ,the variety of ,monuments hath often obscured true graves3 and ,cenotaphs confounded ,sepulchres4 ,for beside their real ,tombs1 many have found honorary and empty ,sepulchres4 ,the variety of ,homers ,monuments made him of various ,countreys4 ,euripides#eh had his ,tomb in ,africa1 but his sepulture in ,macedonia4 ,and ,severus#ei found his real ,sepulchre in ,rome1 but his empty grave in ,gallia4 #eh ,pausan4 in ,atticis4 #ei ,lamprid4 in vit4 ,alexand4 ,severi4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,commission of the ,gothish ,king ,theodoric for finding out sepulchrall treasure4 ,cassiodor4 ,var4 l4 #d4 ,he that lay in a golden ,urne#fj eminently above the earth1 was not like to finde the quiet of these bones4 ,many of these ,urnes were broke by a vulgar discoverer in hope of inclosed treasure4 ,the ashes of ,marcellus#fa were lost above ground1 upon the like account4 ,where profit hath prompted1 no age hath wanted such miners4 ,for which the most barbarous ,expilators found the most civil ,rhetorick4 ,gold once out of the earth is no more due unto it2 ,what was unreasonably committed to the ground is reasonably resumed from it3 ,let ,monuments and rich ,fabricks1 not ,riches adorn mens ashes4 ,the commerce of the living is not to be transferred unto the dead3 ,it is no injustice to take that which none complaines to lose1 and no man is wronged where no man is possessor4 #fj ,trajanus4 ,dion4 #fa ,plut4 in vit4 ,marcelli4 ,what virtue yet sleeps in this terra damnata and aged cinders1 were petty magick to experiment2 ,these crumbling reliques and long-fired particles superannate such expectations3 ,bones1 hairs1 nails1 and teeth of the dead1 were the treasures of old ,sorcerers4 ,in vain we revive such practices2 ,present superstition too visibly perpetuates the folly of our fore-fathers1 wherein unto old ,observation this ,island was so compleat1 that it might have instructed ,persia4#fb #fb ,britannia hodie eam attonit celebrat tantis ceremoniis1 ut dedisse ,persis videri possit4 ,plin4 l4 #bi4 ,plato's historian of the other world1 lies twelve dayes incorrupted1 while his soul was viewing the large stations of the dead4 ,how to keep the corps seven dayes from corruption by anointing and washing1 without exenteration1 were an hazardable peece of art1 in our choisest practise4 ,how they made distinct separation of bones and ashes from fiery admixture1 hath found no historical solution4 ,though they seemed to make a distinct collection1 and overlooked not ,pyrrhus his toe4 ,some provision they might make by fictile ,vessels1 ,coverings1 ,tiles1 or flat stones1 upon and about the body4 ,and in the same ,field1 not far from these ,urnes1 many stones were found under ground1 as also by careful separation of extraneous matter1 composing and raking up the burnt bones with forks1 observable in that notable lamp of ,galuanus4 ,martianus1#fc who had the sight of the ,vas ,ustrinum1 or vessel wherein they burnt the dead1 found in the ,esquiline ,field at ,rome1 might have afforded clearer solution4 ,but their insatisfaction herein begat that remarkable invention in the ,funeral ,pyres of some ,princes1 by incombustible sheets made with a texture of ,asbestos1 incremable flax1 or ,salamanders wool1 which preserved their bones and ashes#fd incommixed4 #fc ,topographi ,roma ex ,martiano4 ,erat et vas ustrinum appellatum quod in eo cadavera comburerenur4 ,cap4 de ,campo ,esquilino4 #fd ,to be seen in ,licet4 de reconditis veterum lucernis4 ,how the bulk of a man should sink into so few pounds of bones and ashes1 may seem strange unto any who considers not its constitution1 and how slender a mass will remain upon an open and urging fire of the carnal composition4 ,even bones themselves reduced into ashes1 do abate a notable proportion4 ,and consisting much of a volatile salt1 when that is fired out1 make a light kind of cinders4 ,although their bulk be disproportionable to their weight1 when the heavy principle of ,salt is fired out1 and the ,earth almost onely remaineth2 ,observable in sallow1 which makes more ,ashes then ,oake2 and discovers the common fraud of selling ,ashes by measure1 and not by ponderation4 ,some bones make best ,skeletons1#fe some bodies quick and speediest ashes3 ,who would expect a quick flame from ,hydropical ,heraclitus8 ,the poisoned ,souldier when his ,belly brake1 put out two pyres in ,plutarch4#ff ,but in the plague of ,athens1#fg one private pyre served two or three ,intruders2 and the ,saracens burnt in large heaps1 by the ,king of ,castile1#fh shewed how little ,fuel sufficeth4 ,though the ,funeral pyre of ,patroclus took up an hundred foot1#fi a peece of an old boat burnt ,pompey2 ,and if the burthen of ,isaac were sufficient for an holocaust1 a man may carry his own pyre4 #fe ,old bones according to ,lyserus4 ,those of young persons not tall nor fat according to ,columbus4 #ff ,in vita4 ,gracc4 #fg ,thucydides4 #fh ,laurent4 ,valla4 #fi ,hekatompedon entha entha4 ,from animals are drawn good burning lights1 and good medicines#gj against burning2 ,though the seminal humor seems of a contrary nature to fire1 yet the body compleated proves a combustible lump1 wherein fire findes flame even from bones1 and some fuel almost from all parts4 ,though the ,metropolis#ga of humidity seems least disposed unto it1 which might render the sculls of these ,urnes less burned then other bones4 ,but all flies or sinks before fire almost in all bodies4 ,when the common ligament is dissolved1 the attenuable parts ascend1 the rest subside in coal1 calx or ashes4 #gj ,sperm ran4 ,alb4 ,ovor4 #ga ,the brain4 ,hippocrates4 ,to burn the bones of the ,king of ,edom#gb for ,lyme1 seems no irrational ferity2 ,but to drink of the ashes of dead relations1#gc a passionate prodigality4 ,he that hath the ashes of his friend1 hath an everlasting treasure3 where fire taketh leave1 corruption slowly enters2 ,in bones well burnt1 fire makes a wall against it self1 experimented in copels1 and tests of metals1 which consist of such ingredients4 ,what the ,sun compoundeth1 fire analyseth1 not transmuteth4 ,that devouring agent leaves almost alwayes a morsel for the ,earth1 whereof all things are but a colony2 and which1 if time permits1 the mother ,element will have in their primitive mass again4 #gb ,amos #b4 #a4 #gc ,as ,artemisia of her ,husband ,mausolus4 ,he that looks for ,urnes and old sepulchral reliques1 must not seek them in the ruines of ,temples3 where no ,religion anciently placed them4 ,these were found in a ,field1 according to ancient custome1 in noble or private burial2 the old practise of the ,canaanites1 the ,family of ,abraham1 and the burying place of ,josua1 in the borders of his possessions2 and also agreeable unto ,romane practise to bury by highwayes1 whereby their ,monuments were under eye3 ,memorials of themselves1 and memento's of mortality into living passengers2 whom the ,epitaphs of great ones were fain to beg to stay and look upon them4 ,a language though sometimes used1 not so proper in ,church-,inscriptions4#gd ,the sensible ,rhetorick of the dead1 to exemplarity of good life1 first admitted the bones of pious men1 and ,martyrs within ,church-wals2 which in succeeding ages crept into promiscuous practise4 ,while ,constantine was peculiarly favoured to be admitted unto the ,church ,porch2 and the first thus buried in ,england was in the dayes of ,cuthred4 #gd ,siste viator4 ,christians dispute how their bodies should lye in the grave4#ge ,in urnal enterrment they clearly escaped this ,controversie3 ,though we decline the ,religious consideration1 yet in cemiterial and narrower burying places1 to avoid confusion and crosse position1 a certain posture were to be admitted2 which even ,pagan civility observed1 ,the ,persians lay ,north and ,south1 ,the ,megarians and ,phoenicians placed their heads to the ,east3 ,the ,athenians1 some think1 towards the ,west1 which ,christians still retain4 ,and ,beda will have it to be the posture of our ,saviour4 ,that he was crucified with his face towards the ,west1 we will not contend with tradition and probable account2 ,but we applaud not the hand of the ,painter1 in exalting his ,cross so high above those on either side2 since hereof we finde no authentick account in history1 and even the crosses found by ,helena pretend no such distinction from longitude or dimension4 #ge ,kirckmannus de funer4 ,to be gnawd out of our graves1 to have our sculs made drinking-bowls1 and our bones turned into ,pipes1 to delight and sport our ,enemies1 are ,tragical abominations1 escaped in burning ,burials4 ,urnal enterrments1 and burnt ,reliques lye not in fear of worms1 or to be an heritage for ,serpents2 ,in carnal sepulture1 corruptions seem peculiar unto parts1 and some speak of snakes out of the spinal marrow4 ,but while we suppose common wormes in graves1 'tis not easie to finde any there2 few in ,church-yards above a foot deep1 fewer or none in ,churches1 though in fresh decayed bodies4 ,teeth1 bones1 and hair1 give the most lasting defiance to corruption4 ,in an ,hydropical body ten years buried in a ,church yard1 we met with a fat concretion1 where the nitre of the ,earth1 and the salt and lixivious liquor of the body1 had coagulated large lumps of fat1 into the consistence of the hardest castle-soap2 whereof part remaineth with us4 ,after a battle with the ,persians1 the ,romane ,corps decayed in few dayes1 while the ,persian bodies remained dry and uncorrupted4 ,bodies in the same ground do not uniformly dissolve1 nor bones equally moulder2 whereof in the opprobrious disease we expect no long duration4 ,the body of the ,marquess of ,dorset seemed sound and handsomely cereclothed1 that after seventy eight years was found uncorrupted4#gf ,common ,tombs preserve not beyond powder3 ,a firmer consistence and compage of parts might be expected from ,arefaction1 deep burial or ,charcoal4 ,the greatest ,antiquities of mortal bodies may remain in petrified bones1 whereof1 though we take not in the pillar of ,lots wife1 or ,metamorphosis of ,ortelius1#gg some may be older then ,pyramids1 in the petrified ,reliques of the general inundation4 ,when ,alexander opened the ,tomb of ,cyrus1 the remaining bones discovered his proportion1 whereof urnal fragments afford but a bad conjecture1 and have this disadvantage of grave enterrments1 that they leave us ignorant of most personal discoveries4 ,for since bones afford not only rectitude and stability1 but figure unto the body2 ,it is no impossible ,physiognomy to conjecture at fleshly appendencies2 and after what shape the muscles and carnous parts might hang in their full consistences4 ,a full spread ,cariola shews a well-shaped horse behinde1 handsome formed sculls1 give some analogy of flesh resemblance4 ,a critical view of bones makes a good distinction of sexes4 ,even colour is not beyond conjecture1 since it is hard to be deceived in the distinction of ,negro's sculls4 ,dantes#gh ,characters are to be found in sculls as well as faces4 ,hercules is not onely known by his foot4 ,other parts make out their comproportions1 and inferences upon whole1 or parts4 ,and since the dimensions of the head measure the whole body1 and the figure thereof gives conjecture of the principal faculties2 ,physiognomy out-lives our selves1 and ends not in our graves4 #gf ,of ,thomas ,marquesse of ,dorset1 whose body being buried #aecj1 was #afjh upon the cutting open of the ,cerecloth found perfect and nothing corrupted1 the flesh not hardened1 but in colour1 proportion1 and softnesse like an ordinary corps newly to be interred4 ,burtons descript4 of ,leicestershire4 #gg ,in his ,map of ,russia4 #gh ,the ,poet ,dante in his view of ,purgatory1 found gluttons so meagre1 and extenuated1 that he conceived them to have been in the siege of ,jerusalem1 and that it was easie to have discovered ,homo or ,omo in their faces3 ,m being made by the two lines of their cheeks1 arching over the ,eye-brows to the nose1 and their sunk eyes making ,o ,o which makes up ,omo4 ,parean l'occhiaie anella senza gemme che nel viso de gli huomini legge huomo ,ben'hauria quiui conosciuto l'emme4 ,severe contemplators observing these lasting reliques1 may think them good monuments of persons past1 little advantage to future beings4 ,and considering that power which subdueth all things unto it self1 that can resume the scattered ,atomes1 or identifie out of any thing1 conceive it superfluous to expect a resurrection out of ,reliques4 ,but the soul subsisting1 other matter clothed with due accidents1 may salve the individuality3 ,yet the ,saints we observe arose from graves and monuments1 about the holy ,city4 ,some think the ancient ,patriarchs so earnestly desired to lay their bones in ,canaan1 as hoping to make a part of that ,resurrection1 and though thirty miles from ,mount ,calvary1 at least to lie in that ,region1 which should produce the first-fruits of the dead4 ,and if according to learned conjecture1 the bodies of men shall rise where their greatest ,reliques remain1 many are not like to erre in the ,topography of their ,resurrection1 though their bones or bodies be after translated by ,angels into the field of ,ezechiels vision1 or as some will order it1 into the ,valley of ,judgement1 or ,jehosaphat4#gi #gi ,tirin4 in ,ezek4 ,,chapter ,,iv ,christians have handsomely glossed the deformity of death1 by careful consideration of the body1 and civil rites which take off brutal terminations4 ,and though they conceived all reparable by a resurrection1 cast not off all care of enterrment4 ,and since the ashes of ,sacrifices burnt upon the ,altar of ,god1 were carefully carried out by the ,priests1 and deposed in a clean field2 since they acknowledged their bodies to be the lodging of ,christ1 and temples of the holy ,ghost1 they devolved not all upon the sufficiency of soul existence2 and therefore with long services and full solemnities concluded their last ,exequies1 wherein#hj to all distinctions the ,greek devotion seems most pathetically ceremonious4 #hj ,rituale ,grcum opera ,j4 ,goar in officio exequiarum4 ,christian invention hath chiefly driven at ,rites1 which speak hopes of another life1 and hints of a ,resurrection4 ,and if the ancient ,gentiles held not the immortality of their better part1 and some subsistence after death2 in several rites1 customes1 actions and expressions1 they contradicted their own opinions3 wherein ,democritus went high1 even to the thought of a resurrection1#ha as scoffingly recorded by ,pliny4 ,what can be more express than the expression of ,phocyllides8#hb ,or who would expect from ,lucretius#hc a sentence of ,ecclesiastes8 ,before ,plato could speak1 the soul had wings in ,homer1 which fell not1 but flew out of the body into the mansions of the dead2 who also observed that handsome distinction of ,demas and ,soma1 for the body conjoyned to the soul and body separated from it4 ,lucian spoke much truth in jest1 when he said1 that part of ,hercules which proceeded from ,alchmena perished1 that from ,jupiter remained immortal4 ,thus ,socrates#hd was content that his friends should bury his body1 so they would not think they buried ,socrates1 and regarding only his immortal part1 was indifferent to be burnt or buried4 ,from such ,considerations ,diogenes might contemn ,sepulture4 ,and being satisfied that the soul could not perish1 grow careless of corporal enterrment4 ,the ,stoicks who thought the souls of wise men had their habitation about the ,moon1 might make slight account of subterraneous deposition2 whereas the ,pythagorians and transcorporating ,philosophers1 who were to be often buried1 held great care of their enterrment4 ,and the ,platonicks rejected not a due care of the grave1 though they put their ashes to unreasonable expectations1 in their tedious term of return and long set revolution4 #ha ,similis reviviscendi promissa ,democrito vanitas1 qui non revixit ipse4 ,qu1 malm1 ista dementia est2 iterari vitam morte4 ,plin4 l4 #g c4 #ee4 #hb ,kai tacha d'ek gais elpizomen hes phaos elthein leipsan apoichomenn4 #hc ,cedit enim retro de terra quod fuit ante ,in terram1 etc4 ,lucret4 #hd ,plato in ,phd4 ,men have lost their reason in nothing so much as their ,religion1 wherein stones and clouts make ,martyrs2 and since the ,religion of one seems madness unto another1 to afford an account or rational of old ,rites1 requires no rigid ,reader2 ,that they kindled the pyre aversly1 or turning their face from it1 was an handsome ,symbole of unwilling ministration2 ,that they washed their bones with wine and milk1 that the mother wrapt them in ,linnen1 and dryed them in her bosome1 the first fostering part1 and place of their nourishment2 ,that they opened their eyes towards heaven1 before they kindled the fire1 as the place of their hopes or original1 were no improper ,ceremonies4 ,their last valediction#he thrice uttered by the attendants was also very solemn1 and somewhat answered by ,christians1 who thought it too little1 if they threw not the earth thrice upon the enterred body4 ,that in strewing their ,tombs the ,romanes affected the ,rose1 the ,greeks ,amaranthus and myrtle2 that the ,funeral pyre consisted of sweet fuel1 ,cypress1 ,firre1 ,larix1 ,yewe1 and ,trees perpetually verdant1 lay silent expressions of their surviving hopes3 ,wherein ,christians which deck their ,coffins with ,bays have found a more elegant ,embleme4 ,for that tree seeming dead1 will restore it self from the root1 and its dry and exuccous leaves resume their verdure again2 which if we mistake not1 we have also observed in ,furze4 ,whether the planting of ,yewe in ,churchyards1 hold not its original from ancient ,funeral ,rites1 or as an ,embleme of ,resurrection from its perpetual verdure1 may also admit conjecture4 #he ,vale1 vale1 vale1 nos te ordine quo natura permittet sequemur4 ,they made use of ,musick to excite or quiet the affections of their friends1 according to different harmonies4 ,but the secret and symbolical hint was the harmonical nature of the soul2 which delivered from the body1 went again to enjoy the primitive harmony of heaven1 from whence it first descended2 which according to its progresse traced by antiquity1 came down by ,cancer1 and ascended by ,capricornus4 ,they burnt not children before their teeth appeared1 as apprehending their bodies too tender a morsel for fire1 and that their gristly bones would scarce leave separable reliques after the pyral combustion4 ,that they kindled not fire in their houses for some dayes after1 was a strict memorial of the late afflicting fire4 ,and mourning without hope1 they had an happy fraud against excessive lamentation1 by a common opinion that deep sorrows disturbed their ghosts4#hf #hf ,tu manes ne lde meos4 ,that they buried their dead on their backs1 or in a supine position1 seems agreeable unto profound sleep1 and common posture of dying2 contrary to the most natural way of birth2 ,nor unlike our pendulous posture1 in the doubtful state of the womb4 ,diogenes was singular1 who preferred a prone situation in the grave1 and some ,christians#hg like neither1 who decline the figure of rest1 and make choice of an erect posture4 #hg ,russians1 etc4 ,that they carried them out of the world with their feet forward1 not inconsonant unto reason3 ,as contrary unto the native posture of man1 and his production first into it4 ,and also agreeable unto their opinions1 while they bid adieu unto the world1 not to look again upon it2 whereas ,mahometans who think to return to a delightful life again1 are carried forth with their heads forward1 and looking towards their houses4 ,they closed their eyes as parts which first die or first discover the sad effects of death4 ,but their iterated clamations to excitate their dying or dead friends1 or revoke them unto life again1 was a vanity of affection2 as not presumably ignorant of the critical tests of death1 by apposition of feathers1 glasses1 and reflexion of figures1 which dead eyes represent not2 which however not strictly verifiable in fresh and warm cadavers1 could hardly elude the test1 in corps of four or five dayes4 ,that they suck'd in the last breath of their expiring friends1 was surely a practice of no medicall institution1 but a loose opinion that the soul passed out that way1 and a fondnesse of affection from some ,pythagoricall#hh foundation1 that the spirit of one body passed into another2 which they wished might be their own4 #hh ,francesco ,perucci ,pompe funebr4 ,that they powred oyle upon the pyre1 was a tolerable practise1 while the intention rested in facilitating the accension2 ,but to place good ,omens in the quick and speedy burning1 to sacrifice unto the winds for a dispatch in this office1 was a low form of superstition4 ,the ,archimime or ,jester attending the ,funeral train1 and imitating the speeches1 gesture1 and manners of the deceased1 was too light for such solemnities1 contradicting their funerall ,orations1 and dolefull rites of the grave4 ,that they buried a peece of money with them as a ,fee of the ,elysian ,ferriman1 was a practise full of folly4 ,but the ancient custome of placing coynes in considerable ,urnes1 and the present practice of burying medals in the ,noble ,foundations of ,europe1 are laudable wayes of historicall discoveries1 in actions1 persons1 ,chronologies2 and posterity will applaud them4 ,we examine not the old ,laws of ,sepulture1 exempting certain persons from burial or burning4 ,but hereby we apprehend that these were not the bones of persons ,planet-struck or burnt with fire from ,heaven3 ,no ,reliques of ,traitors to their ,countrey1 ,self-killers1 or ,sacrilegious ,malefactors2 ,persons in old apprehension unworthy of the earth2 condemned unto the ,tartara's of ,hell1 and bottomlesse pit of ,pluto1 from whence there was no redemption4 ,nor were only many customes questionable in order to their ,obsequies1 but also sundry practises1 fictions1 and conceptions1 discordant or obscure1 of their state and future beings2 whether unto eight or ten bodies of men to adde one of a woman1 as being more inflammable1 and unctuously constituted for the better pyrall combustion1 were any rational practise3 ,or whether the complaint of ,perianders ,wife be tolerable1 that wanting her ,funerall burning she suffered intolerable cold in ,hell1 according to the constitution of the infernal house of ,pluto1 wherein cold makes a great part of their tortures2 it cannot passe without some question4 ,why the ,female ,ghosts appear unto ,ulysses1 before the ,heroes and masculine spirits8 ,why the ,psyche or soul of ,tiresias is of the masculine gender2 who being blinde on earth sees more then all the rest in hell2 ,why the ,funeral ,suppers consisted of ,egges1 ,beans1 ,smallage1 and ,lettuce1 since the dead are made to eat ,asphodels about the ,elysian medows8 ,why since there is no ,sacrifice acceptable1 nor any propitiation for the ,covenant of the grave3 men set up the ,deity of ,morta1 and fruitlesly adored ,divinities without ears8 it cannot escape some doubt4 ,the dead seem all alive in the humane ,hades of ,homer1 yet cannot we speak1 prophesie1 or know the living1 except they drink blood1 wherein is the life of man4 ,and therefore the souls of ,penelope's ,paramours conducted by ,mercury chiriped like bats1 and those which followed ,hercules made a noise but like a flock of birds4 ,the departed spirits know things past and to come1 yet are ignorant of things present4 ,agememnon fortels what should happen unto ,ulysses1 yet ignorantly enquires what is become of his own ,son4 ,the ghosts are afraid of swords in ,homer1 yet ,sybilla tells neas in ,virgil1 the thin habit of spirits was beyond the force of weapons4 ,the spirits put off their malice with their bodies1 and ,csar and ,pompey accord in ,latine ,hell1 yet ,ajax in ,homer endures not a conference with ,ulysses3 ,and ,deiphobus appears all mangled in ,virgils ,ghosts1 yet we meet with perfect shadows among the wounded ghosts of ,homer4 ,since ,charon in ,lucian applauds his condition among the dead1 whether it be handsomely said of ,achilles1 that living contemner of death1 that he had rather be a ,plowmans servant then ,emperour of the dead8 ,how ,hercules his soul is in hell1 and yet in heaven1 and ,julius his soul in a ,star1 yet seen by neas in hell1 except the ,ghosts were but images and shadows of the soul1 received in higher mansions1 according to the ancient division of body1 soul1 and image or simulachrum of them both4 ,the particulars of future beings must needs be dark unto ancient ,theories1 which ,christian ,philosophy yet determines but in a ,cloud of opinions4 ,a ,dialogue between two ,infants in the womb concerning the state of this world1 might handsomly illustrate our ignorance of the next1 whereof methinks we yet discourse in ,platoes denne1 and are but ,embryon ,philosophers4 ,pythagoras escapes in the fabulous hell of ,dante1#hi among that swarm of ,philosophers1 wherein whilest we meet with ,plato and ,socrates1 ,cato is to be found in no lower place then ,purgatory4 ,among all the set1 ,epicurus is most considerable1 whom men make honest without an ,elyzium1 who contemned life without encouragement of immortality1 and making nothing after death1 yet made nothing of the ,king of terrours4 #hi ,del inferno4 cant4 #d4 ,were the happinesse of next world as closely apprehended as the felicities of this1 it were a martyrdome to live2 and unto such as consider none hereafter1 it must be more then death to die1 which makes us amazed at those audacities1 that durst be nothing1 and return into their ,chaos again4 ,certainly such spirits as could contemn death1 when they expected no better being after1 would have scorned to live had they known any4 ,and therefore we applaud not the judgment of ,machiavel1 that ,christianity makes men cowards1 or that with the confidence of but half dying1 the dispised virtues of patience and humility1 have abased the spirits of men1 which ,pagan principles exalted1 but rather regulated the wildenesse of audacities1 in the attempts1 grounds1 and eternal sequels of death2 wherein men of the boldest spirits are often prodigiously temerarious4 ,nor can we extenuate valour of ancient ,martyrs1 who contemned death in the uncomfortable scene of their lives1 and in their decrepit ,martyrdomes did probably lose not many moneths of their dayes1 or parted with life when it was scarce worth the living4 ,for 7beside that long time past holds no consideration unto a slender time to come7 they had no small disadvantage from the constitution of old age1 which naturally makes men fearful2 ,and complexionally superannuated from the bold and couragious thoughts of youth and fervent years4 ,but the contempt of death from corporal animosity1 promoteth not our felicity4 ,they may set in the ,orchestra1 and noblest ,seats of ,heaven1 who have held up shaking hands in the fire1 and humanely contended for glory4 ,mean while ,epicurus lies deep in ,dante's hell1 wherin we meet with ,tombs enclosing souls which denied their immortalities4 ,but whether the virtuous heathen1 who lived better then he spake1 or erring in the principles of himself1 yet lived above ,philosophers of more specious ,maximes1 lye so deep as he is placed2 at least so low as not to rise against ,christians1 who beleeving or knowing that truth1 have lastingly denied it in their practise and conversation1 were a qury too sad to insist on4 ,but all or most apprehensions rested in ,opinions of some future being1 which ignorantly or coldly beleeved1 beget those perverted conceptions1 ,ceremonies1 ,sayings1 which ,christians pity or laugh at4 ,happy are they1 which live not in that disadvantage of time1 when men could say little for futurity1 but from reason4 ,whereby the noblest mindes fell often upon doubtful deaths1 and melancholly ,dissolutions2 ,with these hopes ,socrates warmed his doubtful spirits1 against that cold potion1 and ,cato before he durst give the fatal stroak1 spent part of the night in reading the immortality of ,plato1 thereby confirming his wavering hand unto the animosity of that attempt4 ,it is the heaviest stone that melancholy can throw at a man1 to tell him he is at the end of his nature2 or that there is no further state to come1 unto which this seemes progressional1 and otherwise made in vaine2 ,without this accomplishment the natural expectation and desire of such a state1 were but a fallacy in nature2 unsatisfied ,considerators would quarrel the justice of their constitutions1 and rest content that ,adam had fallen lower2 whereby by knowing no other ,original1 and deeper ignorance of themselves1 they might have enjoyed the happinesse of inferiour ,creatures2 who in tranquillity possess their ,constitutions1 as having not the apprehension to deplore their own natures4 ,and being framed below the circumference of these hopes1 or cognition of better being1 the wisedom of ,god hath necessitated their ,contentment3 ,but the superiour ingredient and obscured part of our selves1 whereto all present felicities afford no resting contentment1 will be able at last to tell us we are more then our present selves2 and evacuate such hopes in the fruition of their own accomplishments4 ,,chapter ,v ,now since these dead bones have already out-lasted the living ones of ,methuselah1 and in a yard under ground1 and thin walls of clay1 out-worn all the strong and specious buildings above it2 and quietly rested under the drums and tramplings of three conquests2 ,what ,prince can promise such diuturnity unto his ,reliques1 or might not gladly say1 ,sic ego componi versus in ossa velim4#ij #ij ,tibullus4 ,time which antiquates ,antiquities1 and hath an art to make dust of all things1 hath yet spared these minor ,monuments4 ,in vain we hope to be known by open and visible conservatories1 when to be unknown was the means of their continuation and obscurity their protection3 ,if they dyed by violent hands1 and were thrust into their ,urnes1 these bones become considerable1 and some old ,philosophers would honour them1#ia whose soules they conceived most pure1 which were thus snatched from their bodies2 and to retain a stronger propension unto them3 whereas they weariedly left a languishing corps1 and with faint desires of reunion4 ,if they fell by long and aged decay1 yet wrapt up in the bundle of time1 they fall into indistinction1 and make but one blot with ,infants4 ,if we begin to die when we live1 and long life be but a prolongation of death2 our life is a sad composition2 we live with death1 and die not in a moment4 ,how many pulses made up the life of ,methuselah1 were work for ,archimedes3 ,common ,counters sum up the life of ,moses his man4#ib ,our dayes become considerable like petty sums by minute accumulations2 where numerous fractions make up but small round numbers2 and our dayes of a span long make not one little finger4#ic #ia ,oracula ,chaldaica cum scholiis ,pselli et ,phethonis4 ,bi lipntn sma psychai kathartatai4 ,vi corpus relinquentium anim purissim4 #ib ,in the ,psalme of ,moses4 #ic ,according to the ancient ,arithmetick of the hand wherein the little finger of the right hand contracted1 signified an hundred4 ,pierius in ,hieroglyph4 ,if the nearnesse of our last necessity1 brought a nearer conformity unto it1 there were a happinesse in hoary hairs1 and no calamity in half senses4 ,but the long habit of living indisposeth us for dying2 ,when ,avarice makes us the sport of death2 ,when even ,david grew politickly cruel2 and ,solomon could hardly be said to be the wisest of men4 ,but many are to early old1 and before the date of age4 ,adversity stretcheth our dayes1 misery makes ,alcmenas nights1#id and time hath no wings unto it4 ,but the most tedious being is that which can unwish it self1 content to be nothing1 or never to have been1 which was beyond the male-content of ,job1 who cursed not the day of his life1 but his ,nativity2 ,content to have so far been1 as to have a title to future being2 ,although he had lived here but in an hidden state of life1 and as it were an abortion4 #id ,one night as long as three4 ,sidenote3 ,the puzling questions of ,tiberius unto ,grammarians4 ,marcel4 ,donatus in ,suet4 ,klyta ethnea nekrn ,hom4 ,job4 ,what ,song the ,syrens sang1 or what name ,achilles assumed when he hid himself among women1 though puzling questions are not beyond all conjecture4 ,what time the persons of these ,ossuaries entred the famous ,nations of the dead1 and slept with ,princes and ,counsellors1 might admit a wide solution4 ,but who were the proprietaries of these bones1 or what bodies these ashes made up1 were a question above ,antiquarism4 ,not to be resolved by man1 nor easily perhaps by spirits1 except we consult the ,provincial ,guardians1 or tutelary ,observators4 ,had they made as good provision for their names1 as they have done for their ,reliques1 they had not so grosly erred in the art of perpetuation4 ,but to subsist in bones1 and be but ,pyramidally extant1 is a fallacy in duration4 ,vain ashes1 which in the oblivion of names1 persons1 times1 and sexes1 have found unto themselves a fruitlesse continuation1 and only arise unto late posterity1 as ,emblemes of mortal vanities2 ,antidotes against pride1 vainglory1 and madding vices4 ,pagan vain glories which thought the world might last for ever1 had encouragement for ambition1 and finding no ,atropos unto the immortality of their ,names1 were never dampt with the necessity of oblivion4 ,even old ambitions had the advantage of ours1 in the attempts of their vain-glories1 who acting early1 and before the probable ,meridian of time1 have by this time found great accomplishment of their designes1 whereby the ancient ,heroes have already out-lasted their ,monuments1 and ,mechanical preservations4 ,but in this latter ,scene of time we cannot expect such ,mummies unto our memories1 when ambition may fear the ,prophecy of ,elias1#ie and ,charles the fift can never hope to live within two ,methusela's of ,hector4#if #ie ,that the world may last but six thousand years4 #if ,hectors fame lasting above two lives of ,methuselah1 before that famous ,prince was extant4 ,and therefore restlesse inquietude for the diuturnity of our memories unto present considerations1 seemes a vanity almost out of date1 and superannuated peece of folly4 ,we cannot hope to live so long in our names1 as some have done in their persons1 one face of ,janus holds no proportion to the other4 ',tis to late to be ambitious4 ,the great mutations of the world are acted1 or time may be too short for our designes4 ,to extend our memories by ,monuments1 whose death we dayly pray for1 and whose duration we cannot hope1 without injury to our expectations1 in the advent of the last day1 were a contradiction to our beliefs4 ,we whose generations are ordained in this setting part of time1 are providentially taken off from such imaginations4 ,and being necessitated to eye the remaining particle of futurity1 are naturally constituted unto thoughts of the next world1 and cannot excusably decline the consideration of that duration1 which maketh ,pyramids pillars of snow1 and all that's past a moment4 ,circles and right lines limit and close all bodies1 and the mortal right-lined-circle#ig must conclude and shut up all4 ,there is no antidote against the ,opium of time1 which temporally considereth all things2 ,our ,fathers finde their graves in our short memories1 and sadly tell us how we may be buried in our ,survivors4 ,grave-stones tell truth scarce fourty yeers3#ih ,generations passe while some trees stand1 and old ,families last not three ,oakes4 ,to be read by bare inscriptions like many in ,gruter1#ii to hope for ,eternity by nigmatical ,epithetes1 or first letters of our names1 to be studied by ,antiquaries1 who we were1 and have new ,names given us like many of the ,mummies1 are cold consolations unto the ,students of perpetuity1 even by everlasting ,languages4 #ig ,theta ,the character of death4 #ih ,old ones being taken up1 and other bodies laid under them4 #ii ,gruteri ,inscriptiones ,antiqu ,to be content that times to come should only know there was such a man1 not caring whether they knew more of him1 was a frigid ambition in ,cardan3#ajj disparaging his horoscopal inclination and judgement of himself1 who cares to subsist like ,hippocrates ,patients1 or ,achilles horses in ,homer1 under naked nominations1 without deserts and noble acts1 which are the balsame of our memories1 the ,entelechia and soul of our subsistences4 ,to be namelesse in worthy deeds exceeds an infamous history4 ,the ,canaanitish woman lives more happily without a name1 then ,herodias with one4 ,and who had not rather have been the good theef1 then ,pilate8 #ajj ,cuperem notum esse quod sim1 non opto ut sciatur qualis sim4 ,card4 in vita propria4 ,but the iniquity of oblivion blindly scattereth her poppy1 and deals with the memory of men without distinction to merit of perpetuity4 ,who can but pity the founder of the ,pyramids8 ,herostratus lives that burnt the ,temple of ,diana1 he is almost lost that built it2 ,time hath spared the ,epitaph of ,adrians horse1 confounded that of himself4 ,in vain we compute our felicities by the advantage of our good names1 since bad have equal durations2 and ,thersites is like to live as long as ,agamemnon4 ,who knows whether the best of men be known8 or whether there be not more remarkable persons forgot1 then any that stand remembred in the known account of time8 ,without the favour of the everlasting ,register the first man had been as unknown as the last1 and ,methuselahs long life had been his only ,chronicle4 ,oblivion is not to be hired3 ,the greater part must be content to be as though they had not been1 to be found in the register of ,god1 not in the record of man4 ,twenty seven names make up the first story1 and the recorded names ever since contain not one living ,century4 ,the number of the dead long exceedeth all that shall live4 ,the night of time far surpasseth the day1 and who knows when was the quinox8 ,every houre addes unto that current ,arithmetique1 which scarce stands one moment4 ,and since death must be the ,lucina of life1 and even ,pagans could doubt whether thus to live1 were to die2 ,since our longest ,sun sets at right descensions1 and makes but winter arches1 and therefore it cannot be long before we lie down in darknesse1 and have our light in ashes2 ,since the brother of death daily haunts us with dying memento's1 and time that grows old it self1 bids us hope no long duration3 ,diuturnity is a dream and folly of expectation4 ,darknesse and light divide the course of time1 and oblivion shares with memory1 a great part even of our living beings2 we slightly remember our felicities1 and the smartest stroaks of affliction leave but short smart upon us4 ,sense endureth no extremities1 and sorrows destroy us or themselves4 ,to weep into stones are fables4 ,afflictions induce callosities1 miseries are slippery1 or fall like snow upon us1 which notwithstanding is no stupidity4 ,to be ignorant of evils to come1 and forgetful of evils past1 is merciful provision in nature1 whereby we digest the mixture of our few and evil dayes1 and our delivered senses not relapsing into cutting remembrances1 our sorrows are not kept raw by the edge of repetitions4 ,a great part of ,antiquity contented their hopes of subsistency with a transmigration of their souls4 ,a good way to continue their memories1 while having the advantage of plural successions1 they could not but act something remarkable in such variety of beings1 and enjoying the fame of their passed selves1 make accumulation of glory unto their last durations4 ,others rather then be lost in the uncomfortable night of nothing1 were content to recede into the common being1 and make one particle of the publick soul of all things1 which was no more then to return into their unknown and divine ,original again4 gyptian ingenuity was more unsatisfied1 contriving their bodies in sweet consistences1 to attend the return of their souls4 ,but all was vanity1 feeding the winde1#aja and folly4 ,the gyptian ,mummies1 which ,cambyses or time hath spared1 avarice now consumeth4 ,mummie is become ,merchandise1 ,mizraim cures wounds1 and ,pharaoh is sold for balsoms4 #aja ,omnia vanitas et pastio venti1 nom anemou1 bosksis ut olim ,aquila et ,symmachus4 ,v4 ,drus4 ,eccles4 ,in vain do individuals hope for immortality1 or any patent from oblivion1 in preservations below the ,moon3 ,men have been deceived even in their flatteries above the ,sun1 and studied conceits to perpetuate their names in heaven4 ,the various ,cosmography of that part hath already varied the names of contrived constellations2 ,nimrod is lost in ,orion1 and ,osyris in the ,dogge-starre4 ,while we look for incorruption in the heavens1 we finde they are but like the ,earth2 ,durable in their main bodies1 alterable in their parts3 whereof beside ,comets and new ,stars1 perspectives begin to tell tales4 ,and the spots that wander about the ,sun1 with ,phaetons favour1 would make clear conviction4 ,there is nothing strictly immortal1 but immortality2 whatever hath no beginning may be confident of no end4 ,all others have a dependent being1 and within the reach of destruction1 which is the peculiar of that necessary essence that cannot destroy it self2 ,and the highest strain of omnipotency to be so powerfully constituted1 as not to suffer even from the power of it self4 ,but the sufficiency of ,christian ,immortality frustrates all earthly glory1 and the quality of either state after death makes a folly of posthumous memory4 ,god who can only destroy our souls1 and hath assured our resurrection1 either of our bodies or names hath directly promised no duration4 ,wherein there is so much of chance that the boldest ,expectants have found unhappy frustration2 and to hold long subsistence1 seems but a scape in oblivion4 ,but man is a ,noble ,animal1 splendid in ashes1 and pompous in the grave1 solemnizing ,nativities and ,deaths with equal lustre1 nor omitting ,ceremonies of bravery1 in the infamy of his nature4 ,life is a pure flame1 and we live by an invisible ,sun within us4 ,a small fire sufficeth for life1 great flames seemed too little after death1 while men vainly affected precious pyres1 and burn like ,sardanapalus1 but the wisedom of funeral ,laws found the folly of prodigal blazes1 and reduced undoing fires1 unto the rule of sober obsequies1 wherein few could be so mean as not to provide wood1 pitch1 a mourner1 and an ,urne4 ,five ,languages secured not the ,epitaph of ,gordianus2 ,the man of ,god lives longer without a ,tomb then any by one1 invisibly interred by ,angels1 and adjudged to obscurity1 though not without some marks directing humane discovery4 ,enoch and ,elias without either tomb or burial1 in an anomalous state of being1 are the great ,examples of perpetuity1 in their long and living memory1 in strict account being still on this side death1 and having a late part yet to act upon this stage of earth4 ,if in the decretory term of the world we shall not all die but be changed1 according to received translation2 the last day will make but few graves2 at least quick ,resurrections will anticipate lasting ,sepultures2 ,some ,graves will be opened before they be quite closed1 and ,lazarus be no wonder4 ,when many that feared to die shall groan that they can die but once1 the dismal state is the second and living death1 when life puts despair on the damned2 when men shall wish the coverings of ,mountaines1 not of ,monuments1 and annihilation shall be courted4 ,while some have studied ,monuments1 others have studiously declined them3 and some have been so vainly boisterous1 that they durst not acknowledge their ,graves2 wherein ,alaricus#ajb seems most subtle1 who had a ,rever turned to hide his bones at the bottome4 ,even ,sylla that thought himself safe in his ,urne1 could not prevent revenging tongues1 and stones thrown at his ,monument4 ,happy are they whom privacy makes innocent1 who deal so with men in this world1 that they are not afraid to meet them in the next1 who when they die1 make no commotion among the dead1 and are not toucht with that poeticall taunt of ,isaiah4#ajc #ajb ,jornandes de rebus ,geticis4 #ajc ,isa4 #ad4 ,pyramids1 ,arches1 ,obelisks1 were but the irregularities of vain-glory1 and wilde enormities of ancient magnanimity4 ,but the most magnanimous resolution rests in the ,christian ,religion1 which trampleth upon pride1 and sets on the neck of ambition1 humbly pursuing that infallible perpetuity1 unto which all others must diminish their diameters and be poorly seen in ,angles of contingency4#ajd #ajd ,angulus contingenti1 the least of ,angles4 ,pious spirits who passed their dayes in raptures of futurity1 made little more of this world1 then the world that was before it1 while they lay obscure in the ,chaos of preordination1 and night of their fore-beings4 ,and if any have been so happy as truly to understand ,christian annihilation1 extasis1 exolution1 liquefaction1 transformation1 the kisse of the ,spouse1 gustation of ,god1 and ingression into the divine shadow1 they have already had an handsome anticipation of heaven2 the glory of the world is surely over1 and the earth in ashes unto them4 ,to subsist in lasting ,monuments1 to live in their productions1 to exist in their names1 and prdicament of ,chymera's1 was large satisfaction unto old expectations and made one part of their ,elyziums4 ,but all this is nothing in the ,metaphysicks of true belief4 ,to live indeed is to be again our selves1 which being not only an hope but an evidence in noble beleevers2 ',tis all one to lie in ,st4 ,innocents ,church-yard1#aje as in the ,sands of gypt3 ,ready to be any thing1 in the extasie of being ever1 and as content with six foot as the ,moles of ,adrianus4#ajf #aje ,in ,paris where bodies soon consume4 #ajf ,a stately ,mausoleum or sepulchral pyle built by ,adrianus in ,rome1 where now standeth the ,castle of ,st4 ,angelo4 ,lucan ----,tabesne cadavera solvat ,an rogus haud refert4---- ,,the ,,garden ,,of ,,cyrus ,,or1 ,,the ,,quincuncial1 ,,lozenge ,,or ,,net-,,work ,,plantations ,,of ,,the ,,ancients1 ,,artificially ,,naturally1 ,,mystically ,,considered ,,by ,,thomas ,,brown ,d4 ,,of ,,physick ,printed in the ,year1 #afeh ,illustration3 ,quid ,quincunce speciosius1 qui1 in quam cunq2 partem spectaueris1 rectus est4 ,quintilian2_/_/ ,,the ,,garden ,,of ,,cyrus ,or1 ,the ,quincuncial1 ,lozenge1 or ,net-work ,plantations of the ,ancients1 ,artificially1 ,naturally1 ,mystically considered4 ,,chapter ,i ,that ,vulcan gave arrows unto ,apollo and ,diana the fourth day after their ,nativities1 according to ,gentile ,theology1 may passe for no blinde apprehension of the ,creation of the ,sunne and ,moon1 in the work of the fourth day2 ,when the diffused light contracted into ,orbes1 and shooting rayes1 of those ,luminaries4 ,plainer ,descriptions there are from ,pagan pens1 of the creatures of the fourth day2 ,while the divine ,philosopher#ajg unhappily omitteth the noblest part of the third2 ,and ,ovid 7whom many conceive to have borrowed his description from ,moses7 coldly deserting the remarkable account of the text1 in three words1#ajh describeth this work of the third day2 the vegetable creation1 and first ornamental ,scene of nature2 the primitive food of animals1 and first story of ,physick1 in ,dietetical conservation4 #ajg ,plato in ,timo4 #ajh fronde tegi silvas4 ,for though ,physick may pleade high1 from the medicall act of ,god1 in casting so deep a sleep upon our first ,parent2 ,and ,chirurgery#aji finde its whole art1 in that one passage concerning the ,rib of ,adam1 yet is there no rivality with ,garden contrivance and ,herbery4 ,for if ,paradise were planted the third day of the ,creation1 as wiser ,divinity concludeth1 the ,nativity thereof was too early for ,horoscopie2 ,gardens were before ,gardiners1 and but some hours after the earth4 #aji diairesis in opening the flesh4 exairesis1 in taking out the rib4 synthesis1 in closing up the part again4 ,of deeper doubt is its ,topography1 and locall designation1 yet being the primitive garden1 and without much controversie#aaj seated in the ,east2 it is more then probable the first curiosity1 and cultivation of plants1 most nourished in those quarters4 ,and since the ,ark of ,noah first toucht upon some mountains of ,armenia1 the planting art arose again in the ,east1 and found its revolution not far from the place of its ,nativity1 about the ,plains of those ,regions4 ,and if ,zoroaster were either ,cham1 ,chus1 or ,mizraim1 they were early proficients therein1 who left 7as ,pliny delivereth7 a work of ,agriculture4 #aaj ,for some there is from the ambiguity of the word ,mikedem1 whether ab oriente or a principio4 ,however the account of the ,pensill or hanging gardens of ,babylon1 if made by ,semiramis1 the third or fourth from ,nimrod1 is of no slender antiquity2 which being not framed upon ordinary level of ground1 but raised upon pillars admitting under-passages1 we cannot accept as the first ,babylonian ,gardens2 ,but a more eminent progress and advancement in that art1 then any that went before it3 ,somewhat answering or hinting the old ,opinion concerning ,paradise it self1 with many conceptions elevated above the plane of the ,earth4 ,nebuchodonosor1 whom some will have to be the famous ,syrian ,king of ,diodorus1 beautifully repaired that ,city2 and so magnificently built his hanging gardens2#aaa that from succeeding ,writers he had the honour of the first4 ,from whence over-looking ,babylon1 and all the ,region about it1 he found no circumscription to the eye of his ambition1 till over-delighted with the bravery of this ,paradise2 in his melancholy metamorphosis1 he found the folly of that delight1 and a proper punishment1 in the contrary habitation1 in wilde plantations and wandrings of the fields4 #aaa ,josephus4 ,the ,persian ,gallants who destroyed this ,monarchy1 maintained their ,botanicall bravery4 ,unto whom we owe the very name of ,paradise3 wherewith we meet not in ,scripture before the time of ,solomon1 and conceived originally ,persian4 ,the word for that disputed ,garden1 expressing in the ,hebrew no more then a ,field enclosed1 which from the same ,root is content to derive a garden and a ,buckler4 ,cyrus the elder brought up in ,woods and ,mountains1 when time and power enabled1 pursued the dictate of his education1 and brought the treasures of the field into rule and circumscription1 ,so nobly beautifying the hanging ,gardens of ,babylon1 that he was also thought to be the authour thereof4 ,ahasuerus 7whom many conceive to have been ,artaxerxes ,longimanus7 in the ,countrey and ,city of ,flowers1#aab and in an open ,garden1 entertained his ,princes and people1 while ,vasthi more modestly treated the ,ladies within the ,palace thereof4 #aab ,sushan in ,susiana4 ,but if 7as some opinion7 ,,sn3 ,plutarch in the life of ,artaxerxes4 ,king ,ahasuerus were ,artaxerxes ,mnemon1 that found a life and reign answerable unto his great memory1 our magnified ,cyrus was his second brother3 who gave the occasion of that memorable work1 and almost miraculous retrait of ,xenophon4 ,a person of high spirit and honour1 naturally a ,king1 though fatally prevented by the harmlesse chance of post-geniture3 ,not only a ,lord of ,gardens1 but a manuall planter thereof3 disposing his trees like his armies in regular ordination4 ,so that while old ,laertas hath found a name in ,homer for pruning hedges1 and clearing away thorns and bryars2 while ,king ,attalus lives for his poysonous plantations of ,aconites1 ,henbane1 ,hellebore1 and plants hardly admitted within the walls of ,paradise2 ,while many of the ,ancients do poorly live in the single names of ,vegetables2 ,all stories do look upon ,cyrus1 as the splendid and regular planter4 ,according whereto ,xenophon#aac describeth his gallant plantation at ,sardis1 thus rendered by ,stobus1 ,arbores pari intervallo sitas1 rectos ordines1 et omnia perpulchr in ,quincuncem directa4#aad ,which we shall take for granted as being accordingly rendered by the most elegant of the ,latines2#aae and by no made term1 but in use before by ,varro4 ,that is1 the rows and orders so handsomely disposed2 or five trees so set together1 that a regular angularity1 and through prospect1 was left on every side4 ,owing this name not only unto the ,quintuple number of ,trees1 but the figure declaring that number1 which being doubled at the angle1 makes up the ,letter ,chi1 that is the ,emphatical decussation1 or fundamental figure4 #aac ,xenophon in ,oeconomico4 #aad ,kala men ta dendra1 di isou de ta pephyteumena1 orthoi de hoi stichoi tn dendron1 eugnea de panta kals4 #aae ,cicero i ,cat4 ,major4 ,now though in some ancient and modern practice the area or decussated plot1 might be a perfect square1 answerable to a ,tuscan ,pedestal1 and the ,quinquernio or ,cinque-point of a die2 wherein by ,diagonal lines the intersection was regular2 accommodable unto ,plantations of large growing ,trees2 and we must not denie our selves the advantage of this order2 yet shall we chiefly insist upon that of ,curtius#aaf and ,porta1 in their brief description hereof4 ,wherein the decussis is made within a longilateral square1 with oposite angles1 acute and obtuse at the intersection2 and so upon progression making a ,rhombus or ,lozenge figuration1 which seemeth very agreeable unto the ,original figure2 ,answerable whereunto we observe the decussated characters in many consulary coynes1 and even in those of ,constantine and his ,sons1 which pretend their pattern in the ,sky2 the crucigerous ,ensigne carried this figure1 not transversly or rectangularly intersected1 but in a decussation1 after the form of an ,andrean or ,burgundian cross1 which answereth this description4 #aaf ,benedict ,curtius de ,hortis4 ,bapt4 ,portainvilla4 ,where by the way we shall decline the old ,theme1 so traced by antiquity of crosses and crucifixion3 ,whereof some being right1 and of one single peece without traversion or transome1 do little advantage our subject4 ,nor shall we take in the mystical ,tau1 or the ,crosse of our blessed ,saviour1 which having in some descriptions an ,empedon or crossing foot-stay1 made not one single transversion4 ,and since the ,learned ,lipsius hath made some doubt even of the crosse of ,st4 ,andrew1 since some ,martyrological ,histories deliver his death by the general ,name of a crosse1 and ,hippolitus will have him suffer by the sword2 we should have enough to make out the received ,crosse of that ,martyr4 ,nor shall we urge the labarum1 and famous ,standard of ,constantine1 or make further use thereof1 then as the first letters in the ,name of our ,saviour ,christ1 in use among ,christians1 before the dayes of ,constantine1 to be observed in ,sepulchral ,monuments of ,martyrs1#aag in the ,reign of ,adrian1 and ,antoninus2 and to be found in the ,antiquities of the ,gentiles1 before the advent of ,christ1 as in the ,medal of ,king ,ptolomy1 signed with the same characters1 and might be the beginning of some word or name1 which ,antiquaries have not hit on4 #aag ,of ,marius1 ,alexander1 ,roma ,sotterranea4 ,we will not revive the mysterious crosses of gypt1 with circles on their heads1 in the breast of ,serapis1 and the hands of their ,geniall spirits1 not unlike the character of ,venus1 and looked on by ancient ,christians1 with relation unto ,christ4 ,since however they first began1 the gyptians thereby expressed the processe and motion of the spirit of the world1 and the diffusion thereof upon the ,celestiall and ,elementall nature2 implyed by a circle and right-lined intersection4 ,a secret in their ,telesmes and magicall ,characters among them4 ,though he that considereth the plain crosse#aah upon the head of the ,owl in the ,laterane ,obelisk1 or the crosse#aai erected upon a pitcher diffusing streams of water into two basins1 with sprinkling branches in them1 and all described upon a two-footed ,altar1 as in the ,hieroglyphicks of the brazen ,table of ,bembus3 will hardly decline all thought of ,christian signality in them4 #aah ,wherein the lower part is some what longer1 as defined by ,upton de studio militari1 and ,johannes de ,bado ,aureo1 cum comment4 clariss4 et doctiss4 ,bi si4 #aai ,casal4 de ,ritibus4 ,bosio nella ,trionfante croce4 ,we shall not call in the ,hebrew ,tenapha1 or ceremony of their ,oblations1 waved by the priest unto the four quarters of the world1 after the form of a cross2 as in the peace-offerings4 ,and if it were clearly made out what is remarkably delivered from the ,traditions of the ,rabbins1 that as the ,oyle was powred coronally or circularly upon the head of ,kings1 so the ,high-,priest was anointed decussatively or in the form of a ,x2 though it could not escape a typical thought of ,christ1 from mystical considerators2 yet being the conceit is ,hebrew1 we should rather expect its verification from ,analogy in that language1 then to confine the same unto the unconcerned ,letters of ,greece1 or make it out by the characters of ,cadmus or ,palamedes4 ,of this ,quincuncial ,ordination the ,ancients practised1 much discoursed little2 and the ,moderns have nothing enlarged2 which he that more nearly considereth1 in the form of its square ,rhombus1 and decussation1 with the several commodities1 mysteries1 parallelismes1 and resemblances1 both in ,art and ,nature1 shall easily discern the elegancy of this order4 ,that this was in some wayes of practice in diverse and distant ,nations1 hints or deliveries there are from no slender ,antiquity4 ,in the hanging ,gardens of ,babylon1 from ,abydenus1 ,eusebius1 and others1 ,curtius#abj describeth this rule of decussation4 ,in the memorable ,garden of ,alcinous anciently conceived an original phancy1 from ,paradise1 mention there is of well contrived order2 ,for so hath ,didymus and ,eustachius expounded the emphatical word4 ,diomedes describing the ,rurall possions of his ,father1 gives account in the same ,language of ,trees orderly planted4 ,and ,ulysses being a boy was promised by his father fourty ,fig-trees1 and fifty rows of vines1#aba producing all kind of grapes4 #abj ,decussatio ipsa jucundum ac peramnum conspectum prbuit4 ,cart4 ,hortar4 l4 #f4 #aba orchoi1 stichoi ampeln1 phytn stichos1 kata taxin phyteia4 ,phavorinus ,philoxenus4 ,that the ,eastern ,inhabitants of ,india1 made use of such order1 even in open ,plantations1 is deducible from ,theophrastus2 who describing the trees whereof they made their garments1 plainly delivereth that they were planted kat orchous1 and in such order that at a distance men would mistake them for ,vineyards4 ,the same seems confirmed in ,greece from a singular expression in ,aristotle#abb concerning the order of ,vines1 delivered by a military term representing the orders of ,souldiers1 which also confirmeth the antiquity of this form yet used in vineal plantations4 #abb systadas ampeln4 ,polit4 #g4 ,that the same was used in ,latine plantations is plainly confirmed from the commending penne of ,varro1 ,quintilian1 and handsome ,description of ,virgil4#abc #abc ,indulge ordinibus1 nec secius omnis in unguem ,arboribus positis1 secto via limite quadret4 ,georg4 #b4 ,that the first ,plantations not long after the ,floud were disposed after this manner1 the generality and antiquity of this order observed in ,vineyards1 and ,wine ,plantations1 affordeth some conjecture4 ,and since from judicious enquiry1 ,saturn who divided the world between his three sonnes1 who beareth a ,sickle in his hand1 who taught the ,plantations of ,vines1 the setting1 grafting of trees1 and the best part of ,agriculture1 is discovered to be ,noah1 whether this early dispersed ,husbandry in ,vineyards1 had not its ,original in that ,patriarch1 is no such ,paralogical doubt4 ,and if it were clear that this was used by ,noah after the ,floud1 ,i could easily beleeve it was in use before it2 ,not willing to fix such ancient inventions no higher original then ,noah2 ,nor readily conceiving those aged ,heroes1 whose diet was vegetable1 and only1 or chiefly consisted in the fruits of the earth1 were much deficient in their splendid cultivations2 or after the experience of fifteen hundred years1 left much for future discovery in ,botanical ,agriculture4 ,nor fully perswaded that ,wine was the invention of ,noah1 that fermented ,liquors1 which often make themselves1 so long escaped their ,luxury or experience2 that the first sinne of the new world was no sin of the old4 ,that ,cain and ,abel were the first that offered ,sacrifice2 or because the ,scripture is silent that ,adam or ,isaac offered none at all4 ,whether ,abraham brought up in the first planting ,countrey1 observed not some rule hereof1 when he planted a grove at ,beer-sheba2 or whether at least a like ordination were not in the ,garden of ,solomon1 probability may contest4 ,answerably unto the wisedom of that eminent ,botanologer1 and orderly disposer of all his other works4 ,especially since this was one peece of ,gallantry1 wherein he pursued the specious part of felicity1 according to his own description4 ,i made me ,gardens and ,orchards1 and planted ,trees in them of all kindes of fruit4 ,i made me ,pools of water1 to water therewith the wood that bringeth forth ,trees1#abd which was no ordinary plantation1 if according to the ,targum1 or ,chaldee ,paraphrase1 it contained all kindes of ,plants1 and some fetched as far as ,india2 ,and the extent thereof were from the wall of ,jerusalem unto the water of ,siloah4 #abd ,eccles4 #b4 ,and if ,jordan were but ,jaar ,eden1 that is1 the ,river of ,eden1 ,genesar but ,gansar or the prince of ,gardens2 and it could be made out1 that the ,plain of ,jordan were watered not comparatively1 but causally1 and because it was the ,paradise of ,god1 as the learned ,abramas#abe hinteth1 he was not far from the ,prototype and originall of ,plantations4 ,and since even in ,paradise it self1 the tree of knowledge was placed in the middle of the ,garden1 whatever was the ambient figure2 there wanted not a centre and rule of decussation4 ,whether the groves and sacred ,plantations of ,antiquity1 were not thus orderly placed1 either by quaternio's1 or quintuple ordinations1 may favourably be doubted4 ,for since they were so methodical in the constitutions of their temples1 as to observe the due scituation1 aspect1 manner1 form1 and order in ,architectonicall relations1 whether they were not as distinct in their groves and ,plantations about them1 in form and species respectively unto their ,deities1 is not without probability of conjecture4 ,and in their groves of the ,sunne this was a fit number1 by multiplication to denote the dayes of the year2 and might ,hieroglyphically speak as much1 as the mystical ,statua of ,janus#abf in the ,language of his fingers4 ,and since they were so critical in the number of his horses1 the strings of his ,harp1 and rayes about his head1 denoting the orbes of heaven1 the ,seasons and ,moneths of the ,yeare3 witty ,idolatry would hardly be flat in other appropriations4 #abe ,vet4 ,testamenti ,pharus4 #abf ,which ,king ,numa set up with his fingers so disposed that they numerically denoted #cfe4 ,pliny4 ,,chapter ,,ii ,nor was this only a form of practise in ,plantations1 but found imitation from high ,antiquity1 in sundry artificial contrivances and manual operations4 ,for to omit the position of squared stones1 cuncatim or wedgwise in the walls of ,roman and ,gothick buildings2 and the lithostrata or figured pavements of the ancients1 which consisted not all of square stones1 but were divided into triquetrous segments1 honeycombs1 and sexangular figures1 according to ,vitruvius2 ,the squared stones and bricks in ancient fabricks1 were placed after this order4 ,and two above or below conjoyned by a middle stone or ,plinthus1 observable in the ruines of ,forum ,nerv1 the ,mausoleum of ,augustus1 the ,pyramid of ,cestius1 and the sculpture draughts of the larger ,pyramids of gypt4 ,and therefore in the draughts of eminent fabricks1 ,painters do commonly imitate this order in the lines of their description4 ,in the ,laureat draughts of sculpture and picture1 the leaves and foliate works are commonly thus contrived1 which is but in imitation of the ,pulvinaria1 and ancient pillow-work1 observable in ,ionick peeces1 about columns1 temples and altars4 ,to omit many other analogies1 in ,architectonicall draughts1 which art itself is founded upon fives1#abg having its subject1 and most gracefull peeces divided by this number4 #abg ,of a structure five parts1 ,fundamentum1 parietes1 ,apertur1 ,compartitio tectum1 ,leo4 ,alberti4 ,five ,columes1 ,tuscan1 ,dorick1 ,ionick1 ,corinthian1 ,compound4 ,five different intercolumniations1 ,pycnostylos1 dystylos1 ,systylos1 ,areostylos1 ,eustylos4 ,vitru4 ,the ,triumphal ,oval1 and ,civicall ,crowns of ,laurel1 ,oake1 and ,myrtle1 when fully made1 were pleated after this order4 ,and to omit the ,crossed ,crowns of ,christian ,princes2 what figure that was which ,anastatius described upon the head of ,leo the third2 or who first brought in the ,arched ,crown2 ,that of ,charles the great1 7which seems the first remarkably closed ,crown71 was framed after this manner2#abh with an intersection in the middle from the main crossing barres1 and the interspaces1 unto the frontal circle1 continued by handsome network-plates1 much after this order4 ,whereon we shall not insist1 because from greater ,antiquity1 and practice of consecration1 we meet with the radiated1 and starry ,crown1 upon the head of ,augustus1 and many succeeding ,emperors4 ,since the ,armenians and ,parthians had a peculiar royall ,capp2 ,and the ,grecians from ,alexander another kinde of diadem4 ,and even ,diadems themselves were but fasciations1 and handsome ligatures1 about the heads of ,princes2 nor wholly omitted in the mitrall ,crown1 which common picture seems to set too upright and forward upon the head of ,aaron3 ,worne#abi sometimes singly1 or doubly by ,princes1 according to their ,kingdomes2 and no more to be expected from two ,crowns at once1 upon the head of ,ptolomy4 ,and so easily made out when historians tell us1 some bound up wounds1 some hanged themselves with diadems4 #abh ,uti constat ex pergamena apud ,chifflet2 in ,b4 ,r4 ,bruxelli1 et ,icon4 f4 ,strad4 #abi ,macc1 #a4 #aa4 ,the beds of the antients were corded somewhat after this fashion3 ,that is not directly1 as ours at present1 but obliquely1 from side to side1 and after the manner of network2 whereby they strengthened the spond or bedsides1 and spent less cord in the work3 as is demonstrated by ,blancanus4#acj #acj ,aristot4 ,mechan4 ,qust4 ,and as they lay in crossed beds1 so they sat upon seeming crosse legg'd seats3 in which form the noblest thereof were framed2 ,observable in the triumphall seats1 the sella curulis1 or dyle ,chayres1 in the coyns of ,cestius1 ,sylla1 and ,julius4 ,that they sat also crosse legg'd many noble draughts declare2 and in this figure the sitting gods and goddesses are drawn in medalls and medallions4 ,and beside this kinde of work in ,retiarie and hanging tectures1 in embroderies1 and eminent needle-works2 the like is obvious unto every eye in glass-windows4 ,nor only in ,glassie contrivances1 but also in ,lattice and ,stone-work1 conceived in the ,temple of ,solomon2 wherein the windows are termed fenestr reticulat1 or lights framed like nets4#aca ,and agreeable unto the ,greek expression concerning ,christ in the ,canticles1#acb looking through the nets1 which ours hath rendered1 he looketh forth at the windows1 shewing himselfe through the lattesse2 that is1 partly seen and unseen1 according to the visible and invisible side of his nature4 ,to omit the noble reticulate work1 in the chapters of the pillars of ,solomon1 with ,lillies1 and ,pomegranats upon a network ground2 and the ,craticula or grate through which the ashes fell in the altar of burnt offerings4 #aca diktyota4 #acb ,cant4 #b4 ,that the networks and nets of antiquity were little different in the form from ours at present1 is confirmable from the nets in the hands of the ,retiarie gladiators1 the proper combatants with the secutores4 ,to omit the ancient ,conopeion or gnatnet of the gyptians1 the inventors of that ,artifice3 the rushey labyrinths of ,theocritus2 the nosegaynets1 which hung from the head under the nostrils of ,princes2 and that uneasie metaphor of ,reticulum ,jecoris1 which some expound the lobe1 we the caule above the liver4 ,as for that famous network#acc of ,vulcan1 which inclosed ,mars and ,venus1 and caused that unextinguishable laugh in heaven2 since the gods themselves could not discern it1 we shall not prie into it2 ,although why ,vulcan bound them1 ,neptune loosed them1 and ,apollo should first discover them1 might afford no vulgar mythologie4 ,heralds have not omitted this order or imitation thereof1 whiles they ,symbollically adorn their ,scuchions with ,mascles1 ,fusils and ,saltyrs1#acd and while they disposed the figures of ,ermins1 and vaired coats in this ,quincuncial method4 #acc ,asbestos d ar' enrto gels4 ,hom4 #acd ,de armis ,scaccatis1 ,masculatis1 invectis fuselatis vide ,spelm4 ,aspilog4 et ,upton4 cum erudit4 ,bisso4 ,the same is not forgot by ,lapidaries while they cut their gemms pyramidally1 or by quicrural triangles4 ,perspective pictures1 in their ,base1 ,horison1 and lines of distances1 cannot escape these ,rhomboidall decussations4 ,sculptors in their strongest shadows1 after this order doe draw their double ,haches4 ,and the very ,americans do naturally fall upon it1 in their neat and curious textures1 which is also observed in the elegant artifices of ,europe4 ,but this is no law unto the wool of the neat ,retiarie ,spider1 which seems to weave without transversion1 and by the union of right lines to make out a continued surface1 which is beyond the common art of ,textury1 and may still nettle ,minerva the goddesse of that mystery4#ace ,and he that shall hatch the little seeds1 either found in small webs1 or white round ,egges1 carried under the bellies of some ,spiders1 and behold how at their first production in boxes1 they will presently fill the same with their webbs1 may observe the early1 and untaught finger of nature1 and how they are natively provided with a stock1 sufficient for such ,texture4 #ace ,as in the contention between ,minerva and ,arachne4 ,the ,rurall charm against ,dodder1 ,tetter1 and strangling weeds1 was contrived after this order1 while they placed a chalked ,tile at the four corners1 and one in the middle of their fields1 which though ridiculous in the intention1 was rationall in the contrivance1 and a good way to diffuse the magick through all parts of the ,area4 ,somewhat after this manner they ordered the little stones in the old game of ,pentalithismus1 or casting up five stones to catch them on the back of their hand4 ,and with some resemblance hereof1 the ,proci or ,prodigal ,paramours disposed their men1 when they played ,penelope4#acf ,for being themselves an hundred and eight1 they set fifty four stones on either side1 and one in the middle1 which they called ,penelope1 which he that hit was ,master of the game4 #acf ,in ,eustachius4 ,in ,chesse-boards and ,tables we yet finde ,pyramids and ,squares1 ,i wish we had their true and ancient description1 far different from ours1 or the ,chet mat of the ,persians1 and might continue some elegant remarkables1 as being an invention as ,high as ,hermes the ,secretary of ,osyris1#acg figuring the whole world1 the motion of the ,planets1 with ,eclipses of ,sunne and ,moon4 #acg ,plato4 ,physicians are not without the use of this decussation in several operations1 in ligatures and union of dissolved continuities4 ,mechanicks make use hereof in forcipal ,organs1 and ,instruments of incision2 wherein who can but magnifie the power of decussation1 inservient to contrary ends1 solution and consolidation1 union1 and division1 illustrable from ,aristotle in the old ,nucifragium or ,nutcraker1 and the ,instruments of ,evulsion1 compression or incision2 which consisting of two ,vectes or armes1 converted towards each other1 the innitency and stresse being made upon the hypomochlion or fulciment in the decussation1 the greater compression is made by the union of two impulsors4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ,hast4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ,pr4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ,tr4 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ,the ,romane ,batalia#ach was ordered after this manner1 whereof as sufficiently known ,virgil hath left but an hint1 and obscure intimation4 ,for thus were the maniples and cohorts of the ,hastiti1 ,principes and ,triarii placed in their bodies1 wherein consisted the strength of the ,romane battle4 ,by this ,ordination they readily fell into each other2 the ,hastati being pressed1 handsomely retired into the intervals of the principes1 these into that of the ,triarii1 which making as it were a new body1 might joyntly renew the battle1 wherein consisted the secret of their successes4 ,and therefore it was remarkably singular#aci in the battle of ,africa1 that ,scipio fearing a rout from the ,elephants the ,enemy1 left not the ,principes in their alternate distances1 whereby the ,elephants passing the vacuities of the ,hastati1 might have run upon them1 but drew his battle into right order1 and leaving the passages bare1 defeated the mischief intended by the ,elephants4 ,out of this figure were made two remarkable forms of ,battle1 the ,cuneus and ,forceps1 or the ,sheare and wedge ,battles1 each made of half a ,rhombus1 and but differenced by position4 ,the wedge invented to break or worke into a body1 the forceps to environ and defeat the power thereof composed out of selectest ,souldiery and disposed into the form of an ,v1 wherein receiving the wedge1 it inclosed it on both sides4 ,after this form the famous ,narses#adj ordered his battle against the ,franks1 and by this figure the ,almans were enclosed1 and cut in peeces4 #ach ,in the disposure of the ,legions in the ,wars of the ,republike1 before the division of the ,legion into ten cohorts by the ,emperours4 ,salmas4 in his ,epistle a ,mounsieur de ,peyresc4 de ,re militari ,romanorum4 #aci ,polybius ,appianus4 #adj ,agathius ,ammianus4 ,the ,rhombus or ,lozenge figure so visible in this order1 was also a remarkable form of battle in the ,grecian ,cavalry1#ada observed by the ,thessalians1 and ,philip ,king of ,macedon1 and frequently by the ,parthians1 ,as being most ready to turn every way1 and best to be commanded1 as having its ductors1 or ,commanders at each ,angle4 #ada lian4 ,tact4 ,the ,macedonian ,phalanx 7a long time thought invincible7 consisted of a long square4 ,for though they might be sixteen in ,rank and file1 yet when they shut close1 so that the sixt pike advanced before the first1 though the number might be square1 the figure was oblong1 answerable unto the ,quincuncial quadrate of ,curtius4 ,according to this square ,thucydides delivers1 the ,athenians disposed their battle against the ,lacedemonians brickwise1#adb and by the same word the ,learned ,guellius expoundeth the quadrat of ,virgil#adc after the form of a brick or tile4 #adb en plasi4 #adc ,secto via limite quadret4 ,comment4 in ,virgil4 ,and as the first station and position of trees1 so was the first habitation of men1 not in round ,cities1 as of later foundation2 ,for the form of ,babylon the first ,city was square1 and so shall also be the last1 according to the description of the holy ,city in the ,apocalyps4 ,the famous pillars of ,seth before the floud had also the like foundation1 if they were but antidiluvian ,obelisks1 and such as ,cham and his gyptian race1 imitated after the ,floud4 ,but ,nineveh which ,authours acknowledge to have exceeded ,babylon1 was of a longilaterall#add figure1 ninety five ,furlongs broad1 and an hundred and fifty long1 and so making about sixty miles in circuit1 which is the measure of three dayes journey1 according unto military marches1 or castrensiall mansions4 ,so that if ,jonas entred at the narrower side1 he found enough for one dayes walk to attain the heart of the ,city1 to make his ,proclamation1 ,and if we imagine a ,city extending from ,ware to ,london1 the expression will be moderate of six score thousand ,infants1 although we allow vacuities1 fields1 and intervals of habitation1 as there needs must be when the monument of ,ninus took up no lesse then ten furlongs4 #add ,diod4 ,sic4 ,and1 though none of the seven wonders1 yet a noble peece of ,antiquity1 and made by a ,copy exceeding all the rest1 had its principal parts disposed after this manner1 that is1 the ,labyrinth of ,crete1 built upon a long quadrate1 containing five large squares1 communicating by right inflections1 terminating in the centre of the middle square1 and lodging of the ,minotaur1 if we conform unto the description of the elegant medal thereof in ,agostino4#ade ,and though in many accounts we reckon grosly by the square1 yet is that very often to be accepted as a long-sided quadrate which was the figure of the ,ark of the ,covenant1 the table of the ,shew-bread1 and the stone wherein the names of the twelve ,tribes were engraved1 that is1 three in a row1 naturally making a longilateral ,figure1 the perfect quadrate being made by nine4 #ade ,antonio ,agostino delle medaglie4 ,what figure the stones themselves maintained1 tradition and ,scripture are silent1 yet ,lapidaries in precious stones affect a ,table or long square1 and in such proportion1 that the two laterall1 and also the three inferiour ,tables are equall unto the superiour1 and the angles of the laterall ,tables1 contain and constitute the hypothenus1 or broder sides subtending4 ,that the ,tables of the ,law were of this figure1 general imitation and tradition hath confirmed2 yet are we unwilling to load the shoulders of ,moses with such massie stones1 as some pictures lay upon them1 since 'tis plainly delivered that he came down with them in his hand2 since the word strictly taken implies no such massie hewing1 but cutting1 and fashioning of them into shape and surface2 since some will have them ,emeralds1 and if they were made of the materials of ,mount ,sina1 not improbable that they were marble3 since the words were not many1 the letters short of seven hundred1 and the ,tables written on both sides required no such capacity4 ,the beds of the ,ancients were different from ours at present1 which are almost square1 being framed oblong1 and about a double unto their breadth2 not much unlike the area1 or bed of this ,quincuncial quadrate4 ,the single beds of ,greece were six foot1#adf and a little more in length1 three in breadth2 the ,giant-like bed of ,og1 which had four cubits of bredth1 nine and a half in length1 varied not much from this proportion4 ,the ,funeral bed of ,king ,cheops1 in the greater ,pyramid1 which holds seven in length1 and four foot in bredth1 had no great deformity from this measure2 ,and whatsoever were the bredth1 the length could hardly be lesse1 of the tyrannical bed of ,procrustes1 since in a shorter measure he had not been fitted with persons for his cruelty of extension4 ,but the old sepulchral bed1 or ,amazonian ,tomb#adg in the market-place of ,megara1 was in the form of a ,lozenge2 readily made out by the composure of the body4 ,for the armes not lying fasciated or wrapt up after the ,grecian manner but in a middle distention1 the including lines will strictly make out that figure4 #adf ,aristot4 ,mechan4 #adg ,plut4 in vit4 ,thes4 ,,chapter ,,iii ,now although this elegant ordination of vegetables1 hath found coincidence or imitation in sundry works of ,art1 yet is it not also destitute of natural examples1 and though overlooked by all1 was elegantly observable1 in severall works of nature4 ,could we satisfie our selves in the position of the lights above1 or discover the wisedom of that order so invariably maintained in the fixed ,stars of heaven2 ,could we have any light1 why the stellary part of the first masse1 separated into this order1 that the ,girdle of ,orion should ever maintain its line1 and the two ,stars in ,charles's ,wain never leave pointing at the ,pole-,starre1 we might abate the ,pythagoricall ,musick of the ,spheres1 the sevenfold ,pipe of ,pan2 and the strange ,cryptography of ,gaffarell in his ,starrie ,book of ,heaven4 ,but not to look so high as ,heaven or the single ,quincunx of the ,hyades upon the neck of ,taurus1 the ,triangle1 and remarkable ,crusero about the foot of the ,centaur2 observable rudiments there are hereof in subterraneous concretions1 and bodies in the ,earth2 in the ,gypsum or ,talcum ,rhomboides1 in the ,favaginites or honey-comb-stone1 in the ,asteria and ,astroites1 and in the crucigerous stone of ,s4 ,iago of ,gallicia4 ,the same is observably effected in the ,julus1 ,catkins1 or pendulous excrescencies of severall ,trees1 of ,wallnuts1 ,alders1 and ,hazels1 which hanging all the ,winter1 and maintaining their ,net-work close1 by the expansion thereof are the early foretellers of the spring1 discoverable also in long ,pepper1 and elegantly in the ,julus of ,calamus ,aromaticus1 so plentifully growing with us in the first palms of ,willowes1 and in the flowers of ,sycamore1 ,petasites1 ,asphodelus1 and ,blattaria1 before explication4 ,after such order stand the flowery ,branches in our best spread ,verbascum1 and the seeds about the spicous head or torch of ,tapsus ,barbatus1 in as fair a regularity as the circular and wreathed order will admit1 which advanceth one side of the square1 and makes the same ,rhomboidall4 ,in the squamous heads of ,scabious1 ,knapweed1 and the elegant ,jacea ,pinea1 and in the ,scaly composure of the ,oak-,rose1#adh which some years most aboundeth4 ,after this order hath ,nature planted the ,leaves in the ,head of the common and prickled ,artichoak3 wherein the black and shining ,flies do shelter themselves1 when they retire from the purple ,flower about it2 ,the same is also found in the pricks1 sockets1 and impressions of the seeds1 in the pulp or bottome thereof2 wherein do elegantly stick the ,fathers of their ,mother4 ,to omit the ,quincunciall ,specks on the top of the ,miscle-berry1 especially that which grows upon the ,tilia or ,lime-,tree4 ,and the remarkable disposure of those yellow fringes about the purple ,pestill of ,aaron1 and elegant clusters of ,dragons1 so peculiarly secured by nature1 with an umbrella or skreening ,leaf about them4 #adh ,capitula squammata ,quercum ,bauhini1 whereof though he saith perraro reperiuntur bis tantum invenimus1 yet we finde them commonly with us and in great numbers4 ,sidenote3 ,especially the porus cervinus ,imperati1 ,sporosa1 ,alga platykers4 ,bauhini4 ,the ,spongy leaves of some ,sea-wracks1 ,fucus1 ,oaks1 in their several kindes1 found about the shoar1#adi with ejectments of the ,sea1 are overwrought with ,net-work elegantly containing this order1 which plainly declareth the naturality of this texture2 ,and how the needle of nature delighteth to work1 even in low and doubtful vegetations4 #adi ,antho4 ,grc4 inter ,epigrammata griphd endon emn mtros lagonn ech patera4 ,the ,arbustetum or ,thicket on the head of the ,teazell1 may be observed in this order3 ,and he that considereth that fabrick so regularly palisadoed1 and stemm'd with flowers of the royal colour2 in the house of the solitary maggot1 may finde the ,seraglio of ,solomon4 ,and contemplating the calicular shafts1 and uncous disposure of their extremities1 so accommodable unto the office of abstersion1 not condemn as wholly improbable the conceit of those who accept it1 for the herb ,borith4#aej ,where by the way1 we could with much inquiry never discover any transfiguration1 in this abstemious insect1 although we have kept them long in their proper houses1 and boxes4 ,where some wrapt up in their webbs1 have lived upon their own bowels1 from ,september unto ,july4 #aej ,jer4 #b1 #bb4 ,in such a grove doe walk the little creepers about the head of the burre4 ,and such an order is observed in the aculeous prickly plantation1 upon the heads of several common thistles1 remarkably in the notable palisados about the flower of the milk-thistle2 ,and he that inquireth into the little bottome of the globe-thistle1 may finde that gallant bush arise from a scalpe of like disposure4 ,the white umbrella or medicall bush of ,elder1 is an ,epitome of this order3 arising from five main stemms ,quincuncially disposed1 and tollerably maintained in their subdivisions4 ,to omit the lower observations in the seminal spike of ,mercurie weld1 and ,plantane4 ,thus hath nature ranged the flowers of ,santfoyne1 and ,french honey suckle2 and somewhat after this manner hath ordered the bush in ,jupiters beard1 or house-leek2 which old superstition set on the tops of houses1 as a defensative against lightening and thunder4 ,the like in ,fenny ,seagreen or the water ,souldier2#aea which1 though a military name from ,greece1 makes out the ,roman order4 #aea ,stratiotes4 ,a like ordination there is in the favaginous ,sockets1 and ,lozenge seeds of the noble flower of the ,sunne4 ,wherein in ,lozenge figured boxes nature shuts up the seeds1 and balsame which is about them4 ,but the ,firre and ,pinetree from their fruits doe naturally dictate this position4 ,the ,rhomboidall protuberances in ,pineapples maintaining this ,quincuncial order unto each other1 and each ,rhombus in it self4 ,thus are also disposed the triangular foliations1 in the conicall fruit of the firre tree1 orderly shadowing and protecting the winged seeds below them4 ,the like so often occurreth to the curiosity of observers1 especially in spicated seeds and flowers1 that we shall not need to take in the single ,quincunx of ,fuchsius in the grouth of the masle fearn1 the seedie disposure of ,gramen ,ischemon1 and the trunck or neat ,reticulate work in the codde of the ,sachell palme4 ,for even in very many round stalk plants1 the leaves are set after a ,quintuple ordination1 the first leaf answering the fift1 in lateral disposition4 ,wherein the leaves successively rounding the stalk1 in foure at the furthest the compass is absolved1 and the fifth leafe or sprout1 returns to the position of the other fift before it2 as in accounting upward is often observable in furze pellitorye1 ,ragweed1 the sproutes of ,oaks1 and thorns upon pollards1 and very remarkably in the regular disposure of the rugged excrescencies in the yearly shoots of the ,pine4 ,but in square stalked plants1 the leaves stand respectively unto each other1 either in crosse or decussation to those above or below them1 arising at crosse positions2 whereby they shadow not each other1 and better resist the force of winds1 which in a parallel situation1 and upon square stalkes would more forcibly bear upon them4 ,and to omit1 how leaves and sprouts which compasse not the stalk1 are often set in a ,rhomboides1 and making long and short ,diagonals1 do stand like the leggs of ,quadrupeds when they goe3 ,nor to urge the thwart enclosure and furdling of flowers1 and blossomes1 before explication1 as in the multiplied leaves of ,pionie2 ,and the ,chiasmus in five leaved flowers1 while one lies wrapt about the staminous beards1 the other foure obliquely shutting and closing upon each other2 and how even flowers which consist of foure leaves1 stand not ordinarily in three and one1 but two1 and two crosse wise unto the ,stilus2 even the ,autumnal budds1 which awaite the return of the ,sun1 doe after the winter solstice multiply their calicular leaves1 making little ,rhombuses1 and network figures1 as in the ,sycamore and ,lilac4 ,the like is discoverable in the original production of plants which first putting forth two leaves1 those which succeed1 bear not over each other1 but shoot1 obliquely or crossewise1 untill the stalk appeareth2 which sendeth not forth its first leaves without all order unto them2 and he that from hence can discover in what position the two first leaves did arise1 is no ordinary observator4 ,where by the way1 he that observeth the rudimental spring of seeds1 shall finde strict rule1 although not after this order4 ,how little is required unto effectual generation1 and in what deminutives the plastick principle lodgeth1 is exemplified in seeds1 wherein the greater mass affords so little comproduction4 ,in beans the leaf and root sprout from the ,germen1 the main sides split1 and lye by1 and in some pull'd up near the time of blooming1 we have found the pulpous sides intire or little wasted4 ,in ,acorns the nebb dilating splitteth the two sides1 which sometimes lye whole1 when the ,oak is sprouted two handfuls4 ,in ,lupins these pulpy sides do sometimes arise with the stalk in a resemblance of two fat leaves4 ,wheat and ,rye will grow up1 if after they have shot some tender roots1 the adhering pulp be taken from them4 ,beanes will prosper though a part be cut away1 and so much set as sufficeth to contain and keep the ,germen close4 ,from this superfluous pulp in unkindely1 and wet years1 may arise that multiplicity of little insects1 which infest the ,roots and ,sprouts of tender ,graines and pulses4 ,in the little nebbe or fructifying principle1 the motion is regular1 and not transvertible1 as to make that ever the leaf1 which nature intendeth the root2 observable from their conversion1 until they attain their right position1 if seeds be set inversedly4 ,in vain we expect the production of plants from different parts of the seed1 from the same corculum or little original proceed both germinations2 and in the power of this slender particle lye many ,roots and ,spoutings1 that though the same be pull'd away1 the generative particle will renew them again1 and proceed to a perfect plant2 ,and malt may be observed to grow1 though the ,cummes be fallen from it4 ,the seminal nebbe hath a defined and single place1 and not extended unto both extremes4 ,and therefore many too vulgarly conceive that ,barley and ,oats grow at both ends2 ,for they arise from one punctilio or generative nebbe1 and the ,speare sliding under the husk1 first appeareth nigh the toppe4 ,but in ,wheat and ,rye being bare the sprouts are seen together4 ,if ,barley unhulled would grow1 both would appear at once4 ,but in this and ,oat-meal the nebbe is broken away1 which makes them the milder food1 and lesse apt to raise fermentation in ,decoctions4 ,men taking notice of what is outwardly visible1 conceive a sensible priority in the ,root4 ,but as they begin from one part1 so they seem to start and set out upon one signall of nature4 ,in ,beans yet soft1 in ,pease while they adhere unto the ,cod1 the rudimentall ,leafe and ,root are discoverable4 ,in the ,seeds of ,rocket and ,mustard1 sprouting in ,glasses of water1 when the one is manifest the other is also perceptible4 ,in muddy waters apt to breed ,duckweed1 and ,periwinkles1 if the first and rudimentall stroaks of ,duckweed be observed1 the ,leaves and ,root anticipate not each other4 ,but in the ,date-stone the first sprout is neither root nor leaf distinctly1 but both together2 ,for the ,germination being to passe through the narrow navel and hole about the midst of the stone1 the generative germ is faine to enlengthen it self1 and shooting out about an inch1 at that distance divideth into the ascending and descending portion4 ,and though it be generally thought that ,seeds will root at that end1 where they adhere to their ,originals1 and observable it is that the nebbe sets most often next the stalk1 as in ,grains1 ,pulses1 and most small ,seeds1 yet is it hardly made out in many greater plants4 ,for in ,acornes1 ,almonds1 ,pistachios1 ,wallnuts1 and acuminated shells1 the germ puts forth at the remotest part of the pulp4 ,and therefore to set ,seeds in that posture1 wherein the ,leaf and ,roots may shoot right without contortion1 or forced circumvolution1 which might render them strongly rooted1 and straighter1 were a ,criticisme in ,agriculture4 ,and nature seems to have made some provision hereof in many from their figure1 that as they fall from the ,tree they may lye in ,positions agreeable to such advantages4 ,beside the open and visible ,testicles of plants1 the seminall powers lie in great part invisible1 while the ,sun findes polypody in stone-wals1 the little stinging ,nettle1 and nightshade in barren sandy ,high-wayes1 ,scurvy-grasse in ,greeneland1 and unknown plants in earth brought from remote ,countries4 ,beside the known longevity of some ,trees1 what is the most lasting herb1 or seed1 seems not easily determinable4 ,mandrakes upon known account have lived near an hundred yeares4 ,seeds found in ,wilde-,fowls ,gizards have sprouted in the earth4 ,the ,seeds of ,marjorane and ,stramonium carelessly kept1 have grown after seven years4 ,even in ,garden-,plots long fallow1 and digged up1 the seeds of ,blattaria and yellow henbane1 and after twelve years burial have produced themselves again4 ,that bodies are first spirits ,paracelsus could affirm1 which in the maturation of ,seeds and fruits1 seems obscurely implied by#aeb ,aristotle1 when he delivereth1 that the spirituous parts are converted into water1 and the water into earth1 and attested by observation in the maturative progresse of ,seeds1 wherein at first may be discerned a flatuous distention of the husk1 afterwards a thin liquor1 which longer time digesteth into a pulp or kernell observable in ,almonds and large ,nuts4 ,and some way answered in the progressionall perfection of animall semination1 in its spermaticall maturation1 from crude pubescency unto perfection4 ,and even that seeds themselves in their rudimentall discoveries1 appear in foliaceous surcles1 or sprouts within their coverings1 in a diaphanous gellie1 before deeper incrassation1 is also visibly verified in ,cherries1 ,acorns1 ,plums4 #aeb ,in met4 cum ,gabeo4 ,from seminall considerations1 either in reference unto one mother1 or distinction from animall production1 the holy ,scripture describeth the vegetable creation2 ,and while it divideth plants but into ,herb and ,tree1 though it seemeth to make but an accidental division1 from magnitude1 it tacitely containeth the naturall distinction of vegetables1 observed by ,herbarists1 and comprehending the four kinds4 ,for since the most naturall distinction is made from the production of leaf or stalk1 and plants after the two first seminall leaves1 do either proceed to send forth more leaves1 or a stalk1 and the folious and stalky emission distinguisheth herbs and trees1 in a large acception it compriseth all ,vegetables1 for the frutex and suffrutex are under the progression of trees1 and stand ,authentically differenced1 but from the accidents of the stalk4 ,the quivocal production of things under undiscerned principles1 makes a large part of generation1 though they seem to hold a wide univocacy in their set and certain ,originals1 while almost every plant breeds its peculiar insect1 most a ,butterfly1 moth or fly1 wherein the ,oak seemes to contain the largest seminality1 while the ,julus1 ,oak1 apple1 dill1 woolly tuft1 foraminous roundles upon the leaf1 and grapes under ground make a ,fly with some difference4 ,the great variety of ,flyes lyes in the variety of their ,originals1 in the ,seeds of ,caterpillars or ,cankers there lyeth not only a ,butterfly or ,moth1 but if they be sterill or untimely cast1 their production is often a ,fly1 which we have also observed from corrupted and mouldred ,egges1 both of ,hens and ,fishes2 ,to omit the generation of ,bees out of the bodies of dead ,heifers1 or what is strange yet well attested1 the production of ,eeles#aec in the backs of living ,cods and ,perches4 #aec ,schoneveldus de ,pisc4 ,the exiguity and smallnesse of some seeds extending to large productions is one of the magnalities of nature1 somewhat illustrating the work of the ,creation1 and vast production from nothing4 ,the true seeds of ,cypresse#aed and ,rampions are indistinguishable by old eyes4 ,of the seeds of ,tobacco a thousand make not one grain1 ,the disputed seeds of ,harts tongue1 and ,maidenhair1 require a greater number4 ,from such undiscernable seminalities arise spontaneous productions4 ,he that would discern the rudimentall stroak of a plant1 may behold it in the ,originall of ,duckweed1 at the bignesse of a pins point1 from convenient water in glasses1 wherein a watchfull eye may also discover the puncticular ,originals of ,periwincles and ,gnats4 #aed ,doctissim4 ,laurenburg horr4 ,that seeds of some ,plants are lesse then any animals1 seems of no clear decision2 ,that the biggest of ,vegetables exceedeth the biggest of ,animals1 in full bulk1 and all dimensions1 admits exception in the ,whale1 which in length and above ground measure1 will also contend with tall ,oakes4 ,that the richest odour of plants surpasseth that of ,animals1 may seem of some doubt1 since animall-musk1 seems to excell the vegetable1 and we finde so noble a scent in the ,tulip-,fly1 and ,goat-,beetle4#aee #aee ,the long and tender green ,capricornus rarely found1 we could never meet with but two4 ,now whether seminall nebbes hold any sure proportion unto seminall enclosures1 why the form of the germe doth not answer the figure of the enclosing pulp1 why the nebbe is seated upon the solid1 and not the channeld side of the seed as in grains1 why since we often meet with two yolks in one shell1 and sometimes one ,egge within another1 we do not oftener meet with two nebbes in one distinct seed3 why since the ,egges of a ,hen laid at one course1 do commonly outweigh the bird1 and some moths coming out of their cases1 without assistance of food1 will lay so many ,egges as to outweigh their bodies1 trees rarely bear their fruit1 in that gravity or proportion3 ,whether in the germination of seeds according to ,hippocrates1 the lighter part ascendeth1 and maketh the sprout1 the heaviest tending downward frameth the root2 ,since we observe that the first shoot of seeds in water1 will sink or bow down at the upper and leafing end3 ,whether it be not more rational ,epicurisme to contrive whole dishes out of the nebbes and spirited particles of plants1 then from the ,gallatures and treddles of ,egges2 since that part is found to hold no seminall share in ,oval ,generation1 are quries which might enlarge but must conclude this digression4 ,and though not in this order1 yet how nature delighteth in this number1 and what consent and coordination there is in the leaves and parts of flowers1 it cannot escape our observation in no small number of plants4 ,for the calicular or supporting and closing leaves1 do answer the number of the flowers1 especially in such as exceed not the number of ,swallows ,egges2 as in ,violets1 ,stichwort1 ,blossomes1 and flowers of one leaf have often five divisions1 answered by a like number of calicular leaves2 as ,gentianella1 ,convolvulus1 ,bell-flowers4 ,in many the flowers1 blades1 or staminous shoots and leaves are all equally five1 as in cockle1 mullein and ,blattaria2 ,wherein the flowers before explication are pentagonally wrapped up1 with some resemblance of the blatta or moth from whence it hath its name2 ,but the contrivance of nature is singular in the opening and shutting of ,bindeweeds1 performed by five inflexures1 distinguishable by pyramidicall figures1 and also different colours4 ,the rose at first is thought to have been of five leaves1 as it yet groweth wilde among us2 but in the most luxuriant1 the calicular leaves do still maintain that number4 ,but nothing is more admired then the five ,brethren of the ,rose1 and the strange disposure of the ,appendices or ,beards1 in the calicular leaves thereof1 which in despair of resolution is tolerably salved from this contrivance1 best ordered and suited for the free closure of them before explication4 ,for those two which are smooth1 and of no beard are contrived to lye undermost1 as without prominent parts1 and fit to be smoothly covered1 the other two which are beset with ,beards on either side1 stand outward and uncovered1 but the fifth or half-bearded leaf is covered on the bare side but on the open side stands free1 and bearded like the other4 ,besides a large number of leaves have five divisions1 and may be circumscribed by a ,pentagon or figure of five ,angles1 made by right lines from the extremity of their leaves1 as in ,maple1 ,vine1 ,figge-,tree3 ,but five-leaved flowers are commonly disposed circularly about the ,stylus2 according to the higher ,geometry of ,nature1 dividing a circle by five ,radii1 which concurre not to make ,diameters1 as in ,quadrilaterall and sexangular ,intersections4 ,now the number of five is remarkable in every ,circle1 not only as the first sphrical ,number1 but the measure of sphrical motion4 ,for sphrical bodies move by fives1 and every globular ,figure placed upon a plane1 in direct volutation1 returns to the first point of contaction in the fift touch1 accounting by the ,axes of the ,diameters or ,cardinall points of the four quarters thereof4 ,and before it arriveth unto the same point again1 it maketh five circles equall unto it self1 in each progresse from those quarters1 absolving an equall circle4 ,by the same number doth nature divide the circle of the ,sea-starre1 and in that order and number disposeth those elegant ,semi-circles1 or dentall sockets and egges in the ,sea ,hedge-hogge4 ,and no mean ,observations hereof there is in the ,mathematicks of the neatest ,retiary ,spider1 which concluding in fourty four ,circles1 from five ,semidiameters beginneth that elegant texture4 ,and after this manner doth lay the foundation of the ,circular branches of the ,oak1 which being five-cornered1 in the tender annual sprouts1 and manifesting upon incision the signature of a ,starre1 is after made circular1 and swel'd into a round body3 ,which practice of nature is become a point of art1 and makes two ,problemes in ,euclide4#aef ,but the ,bryar which sends forth shoots and prickles from its angles1 maintains its pentagonall figure1 and the unobserved signature of a handsome porch within it4 ,to omit the five small buttons dividing the ,circle of the ,ivy-berry1 and the five characters in the ,winter stalk of the ,walnut1 with many other ,observables1 which cannot escape the eyes of signal discerners2 ,such as know where to finde ,ajax his name in ,gallitricum1 or ,arons ,mitre in ,henbane4 #aef ,elem4 li4 #d4 ,quincuncial forms and ordinations are also observable in animal figurations4 ,for to omit the hioides or throat bone of animals1 the furcula or merry-thought in birds2 which supporteth the scapul1 affording a passage for the winde-pipe and the gullet1 the wings of ,flyes1 and disposure of their legges in their first formation from maggots1 and the position of their horns1 wings and legges1 in their ,aurelian cases and swadling clouts3 ,the back of the ,cimex ,arboreus1 found often upon ,trees and lesser plants1 doth elegantly discover the ,burgundian decussation2 ,and the like is observable in the belly of the ,notonecton1 or water-,beetle1 which swimmeth on its back1 and the handsome ,rhombusses of the ,sea-poult1 or ,weazell1 on either side the ,spine4 ,the sexangular ,cels in the ,honey-combs of ,bees are disposed after this order1 much there is not of wonder in the confused ,houses of ,pismires2 though much in their busie life and actions1 more in the edificial ,palaces of ,bees and ,monarchical spirits2 who make their combs six-corner'd1 declining a circle1 whereof many stand not close together1 and compleatly fill the area of the place2 ,but rather affecting a six-sided figure1 whereby every cell affords a common side unto six more1 and also a fit receptacle for the ,bee it self1 which gathering into a ,cylindrical ,figure1 aptly enters its sexangular house1 more nearly approaching a circular figure1 then either doth the ,square or ,triangle4 ,and the ,combes themselves so regularly contrived1 that their mutual intersections make three ,lozenges at the bottom of every ,cell2 which severally regarded make three ,rows of neat ,rhomboidall ,figures1 connected at the angles1 and so continue three several chaines throughout the whole comb4 ,as for the ,favago found commonly on the ,sea-shoar1 though named from an honey-comb1 it but rudely makes out the resemblance1 and better agrees with the round ,cels of humble ,bees4 ,he that would exactly discern the shop of a ,bees mouth1 need observing eyes1 and good augmenting glasses2 wherein is discoverable one of the neatest peeces in nature1 and must have a more piercing eye then mine2 who findes out the shape of ,buls heads1 in the guts of ,drones pressed out behinde1 according to the experiment of ,gomesius#aeg2 wherein notwithstanding there seemeth somewhat which might incline a pliant fancy to credulity of similitude4 #aeg ,gom4 de ,sale4 ,a resemblance hereof there is in the orderly and rarely disposed ,cels1 made by ,flyes and ,insects1 which we have often found fastened about small sprigs1 and in those cottonary and woolly pillows1 which sometimes we meet with fastened unto ,leaves1 there is included an elegant ,net-work ,texture1 out of which come many small ,flies4 ,and some resemblance there is of this order in the ,egges of some ,butterflies and moths1 as they stick upon leaves1 and other substances2 which being dropped from behinde1 nor directed by the eye1 doth neatly declare how nature ,geometrizeth1 and observeth order in all things4 ,a like correspondency in figure is found in the skins and outward teguments of animals1 whereof a regardable part are beautiful by this texture4 ,as the backs of several ,snakes and ,serpents1 elegantly remarkable in the ,aspis1 and the ,dart-snake1 in the ,chiasmus1 and larger decussations upon the back of the ,rattlesnake1 and in the close and finer texture of the ,mater formicarum1 or snake that delights in ,anthils2 whereby upon approach of outward injuries1 they can raise a thicker ,phalanx on their backs1 and handsomely contrive themselves into all kindes of flexures3 ,whereas their bellies are commonly covered with smooth semicircular divisions1 as best accommodable unto their quick and gliding motion4 ,this way is followed by nature in the peculiar and remarkable tayl of the ,bever1 wherein the scaly particles are disposed1 somewhat after this order1 which is the plainest resolution of the wonder of ,bellonius1 while he saith1 with incredible ,artifice hath ,nature framed the tayl or ,oar of the ,bever3 where by the way we cannot but wish a model of their houses1 so much extolled by some ,describers3 wherein since they are so bold as to venture upon three stages1 we might examine their ,artifice in the contignations1 the rule and order in the compartitions2 or whether that magnified structure be any more then a rude rectangular pyle or meer hovell-building4 ,thus works the hand of nature in the feathery plantation about birds4 ,observable in the skins of the breast1#aeh legs and ,pinions of ,turkies1 ,geese1 and ,ducks1 and the ,oars or finny feet of ,water-,fowl3 ,and such a naturall net is the scaly covering of ,fishes1 of ,mullets1 ,carps1 ,tenches1 etc4 even in such as are excoriable and consist of smaller scales1 as ,bretts1 ,soals1 and ,flounders4 ,the like ,reticulate grain is observable in some ,russia ,leather4 ,to omit the ruder ,figures of the ostracion1 the triangular or cunny fish1 or the pricks of the ,sea-,porcupine4 #aeh ,elegantly conspicuous on the inside of the striped skins of ,dive-,fowl1 of the cormorant1 ,goshonder1 ,weasell1 ,loon1 etc4 ,the same is also observable in some part of the skin of man1 in habits of neat texture1 and therefore not unaptly compared unto a ,net3 ,we shall not affirm that from such grounds1 the gyptian ,embalmers imitated this texture1 yet in their linnen folds the same is still observable among their neatest ,mummies1 in the figures of ,isis and ,osyris1 and the ,tutelary spirits in the ,bembine ,table4 ,nor is it to be over-looked how ,orus1 the ,hieroglyphick of the world is described in a ,net-work covering1 from the shoulder to the foot4 ,and 7not to enlarge upon the cruciated ,character of ,trismegistus1 or handed crosses1 so often occurring in the ,needles of ,pharaoh1 and ,obelisks of ,antiquity7 the ,statu ,isiac1 ,teraphims1 and little ,idols1 found about the ,mummies1 do make a decussation or ,jacobs ,crosse1 with their armes1 like that on the head of ,ephraim and ,manasses1 and this decussis is also graphically described between them4 ,this ,reticulate or ,net-work was also considerable in the inward parts of man1 not only from the first subtegmen or warp of his formation1 but in the netty fibres of the veines and vessels of life2 wherein according to common ,anatomy the right and transverse fibres are decussated by the oblique fibres2 and so must frame a ,reticulate and ,quincuncial ,figure by their ,obliquations1 ,emphatically extending that ,elegant expression of ,scripture4 ,thou hast curiously embroydered me1 thou hast wrought me up after the finest way of texture1 and as it were with a ,needle4 ,nor is the same observable only in some parts1 but in the whole body of man1 which upon the extension of arms and legges1 doth make out a square1 whose intersection is at the genitals4 ,to omit the phantastical ,quincunx1 in ,plato of the first ,hermaphrodite or double man1 united at the ,loynes1 which ,jupiter after divided4 ,a rudimental resemblance hereof there is in the cruciated and rugged folds of the ,reticulum1 or ,net-like ,ventricle of ruminating horned animals1 which is the second in order1 culinarily called the ,honey-comb4 ,for many divisions there are in the stomack of severall animals2 what number they maintain in the ,scarus and ruminating ,fish1 common description1 or our own experiment hath made no discovery4 ,but in the ,ventricle of ,porpuses there are three divisions4 ,in many ,birds a crop1 ,gizard1 and little receptacle before it2 but in ,cornigerous animals1 which chew the cudd1 there are no lesse then four of distinct position and office4 ,the ,reticulum by these crossed cels1 makes a further digestion1 in the dry and exuccous part of the ,aliment received from the first ,ventricle4 ,for at the bottome of the gullet there is a double ,orifice2 ,what is first received at the mouth descendeth into the first and greater stomack1 from whence it is returned into the mouth again2 and after a fuller mastication1 and salivous mixture1 what part thereof descendeth again1 in a moist and succulent body1 it slides down the softer and more permeable ,orifice1 into the ,omasus or third stomack2 and from thence conveyed into the fourth1 receives its last digestion4 ,the other dry and exuccous part after rumination by the larger and stronger ,orifice beareth into the first stomack1 from thence into the ,reticulum1 and so progressively into the other divisions4 ,and therefore in ,calves newly calved1 there is little or no use of the two first ,ventricles1 for the milk and liquid aliment slippeth down the softer ,orifice1 into the third stomack2 where making little or no stay1 it passeth into the fourth1 the seat of the ,coagulum1 or ,runnet1 or that division of stomack which seems to bear the name of the whole1 in the ,greek translation of the ,priests ,fee1 in the ,sacrifice of ,peace-offerings4 ,as for those ,rhomboidal ,figures made by the ,cartilagineous parts of the ,wezon1 in the ,lungs of great ,fishes1 and other animals1 as ,rondeletius discovered1 we have not found them so to answer our ,figure as to be drawn into illustration2 ,something we expected in the more discernable texture of the lungs of frogs1 which notwithstanding being but two curious bladders not weighing above a grain1 we found interwoven with veins1 not observing any just order4 ,more orderly situated are those cretaceous and chalky concretions found sometimes in the bignesse of a small fech on either side their spine2 which being not agreeable unto our order1 nor yet observed by any1 we shall not here discourse on4 ,but had we found a better account and tolerable ,anatomy of that prominent jowle of the ,sperma ,ceti ,whale1#aei then questuary operation1 or the stench of the last cast upon our shoar1 permitted1 we might have perhaps discovered some handsome order in those ,net-like seases and sockets1 made like honey-combs1 containing that medicall matter4 #aei #afeb4 described in our ,pseudo ,epidem4 ,edit4 #c4 ,lastly1 ,the incession or locall motion of animals is made with analogy unto this figure1 by decussative diametrals1 ,quincunciall ,lines and angles4 ,for to omit the enquiry how ,butterflies and breezes move their four wings1 how birds and fishes in ayre and water move by joynt stroaks of opposite wings and ,finnes1 and how salient animals in jumping forward seem to arise and fall upon a square base2 ,as the station of most ,quadrupeds is made upon a long square1 so in their motion they make a ,rhomboides2 their common progression being performed ,diametrally1 by decussation and crosse advancement of their legges1 which not observed begot that remarkable absurdity in the position of the legges of ,castors horse in the ,capitoll4 ,the ,snake which moveth circularly makes his spires in like order1 the convex and concave spirals answering each other at alternate distances2 ,in the motion of man the armes and legges observe this thwarting position1 but the legges alone do move ,quincuncially by single angles with some resemblance of an ,v measured by successive advancement from each foot1 and the angle of indenture great or lesse1 according to the extent or brevity of the stride4 ,studious ,observators may discover more analogies in the orderly book of nature1 and cannot escape the ,elegancy of her hand in other correspondencies4 ,the ,figures of nails and crucifying appurtenances1 are but precariously made out in the ,granadilla or flower of ,christs passion2 ,and we despair to behold in these parts that handsome draught of crucifixion in the fruit of the ,barbado ,pine4 ,the seminal ,spike of ,phalaris1 or great shaking grasse1 more nearly answers the tayl of a ,rattle-,snake1 then many resemblances in ,porta3 ,and if the man ,orchis#afj of ,culumna be well made out1 it excelleth all analogies4 ,in young ,wall-nuts cut athwart1 it is not hard to apprehend strange characters2 and in those of somewhat elder growth1 handsome ornamental draughts about a plain crosse4 ,in the root of ,osmond or ,water-fern1 every eye may discern the form of a ,half ,moon1 ,rain-bow1 or half the character of ,pisces4 ,some finde ,hebrew1 ,arabick1 ,greek1 and ,latine ,characters in ,plants2 ,in a common one among us we seem to reade ,acaia1 ,viviu1 ,lilil4 #afj ,orchis ,anthropophora1 ,fabii ,column4 ,right lines and circles make out the bulk of plants2 ,in the parts thereof we finde ,helicall or spirall roundles1 voluta's1 conicall ,sections1 circular ,pyramids1 and frustums of ,archimedes2 ,and cannot overlook the orderly hand of nature1 in the alternate succession of the flat and narrower sides in the tender shoots of the ,ashe1 or the regular inequality of bignesse in the five leaved flowers of ,henbane1 and something like in the calicular leaves of ,tutson4 ,how the spots of ,persicaria do manifest themselves between the sixth and tenth ribbe4 ,how the triangular capp in the stemme or stylus of ,tuleps doth constantly point at three outward leaves4 ,that spicated flowers do open first at the stalk4 ,that white flowers have yellow thrums or knops4 ,that the nebbe of ,beans and ,pease do all look downward1 and so presse not upon each other2 ,and how the seeds of many pappous or downy flowers lockt up in sockets after a gomphosis or mortis-articulation1 diffuse themselves circularly into branches of rare order1 observable in ,tragopogan or ,goats-beard1 conformable to the ,spiders web1 and the ,radii in like manner telarely inter-woven4 ,and how in animall natures1 even colours hold correspondencies1 and mutuall correlations4 ,that the colour of the ,caterpillar will shew again in the ,butterfly1 with some latitude is allowable4 ,though the regular spots in their wings seem but a mealie adhesion1 and such as may be wiped away1 yet since they come in this variety1 out of their cases1 there must be regular pores in those parts and membranes1 defining such ,exudations4 ,that ,augustus#afa had native notes on his body and belly1 after the order and number in the ,starre of ,charles wayne1 will not seem strange unto astral ,physiognomy1 which accordingly considereth moles in the body of man1 or ,physicall ,observators1 who from the position of moles in the face1 reduce them to rule and correspondency in other parts4 ,whether after the like method medicall conjecture may not be raised1 upon parts inwardly affected2 since parts about the lips are the criticall seats of ,pustules discharged in ,agues2 ,and scrophulous tumours about the neck do so often speak the like about the ,mesentery1 may also be considered4 #afa ,suet4 in vit4 ,aug4 ,the russet neck in young ,lambs seems but adventitious1 and may owe its tincture to some contaction in the womb2 ,but that if sheep have any black or deep russet in their faces1 they want not the same about their legges and feet2 ,that black ,hounds have mealy months and feet2 ,that black ,cows which have any white in their tayls1 should not misse of some in their bellies2 and if all white in their bodies1 yet if black-mouth'd1 their ears and feet maintain the same colour1 are correspondent tinctures not ordinarily failing in nature1 which easily unites the accidents of extremities1 since in some generations she transmutes the parts themselves1 while in the ,aurelian ,metamorphosis the head of the canker becomes the ,tayl of the ,butterfly4 ,which is in some way not beyond the contrivance of ,art1 in submersions and ,inlays1 inverting the extremes of the plant1 and fetching the root from the top1 and also imitated in handsome columnary work1 in the inversion of the extremes2 wherein the ,capitel1 and the ,base1 hold such near correspondency4 ,in the motive parts of animals may be discovered mutuall proportions2 not only in those of ,quadrupeds1 but in the thigh-bone1 legge1 foot-bone1 and claws of ,birds4 ,the legs of ,spiders are made after a sesquitertian proportion1 and the long legs of some locusts1 double unto some others4 ,but the internodial parts of ,vegetables1 or spaces between the joints1 are contrived with more uncertainty2 though the joints themselves in many ,plants1 maintain a regular number4 ,in vegetable composure1 the unition of prominent parts seems most to answer the ,apophyses or processes of ,animall bones1 whereof they are the produced parts or prominent explantations4 ,and though in the parts of plants which are not ordained for motion1 we do not expect correspondent ,articulations2 yet in the setting on of some flowers1 and seeds in their sockets1 and the lineall commissure of the pulp of severall seeds1 may be observed some shadow of the ,harmony2 some show of the ,gomphosis or mortis-articulation4 ,as for the ,diarthrosis or motive ,articulation1 there is expected little ,analogy1 though long-stalked leaves doe move by long lines1 and have observable motions1 yet are they made by outward impulsion1 like the motion of pendulous bodies1 while the parts themselves are united by some kinde of symphysis unto the stock4 ,but standing ,vegetables1 void of motive-,articulations1 are not without many motions4 ,for beside the motion of vegetation upward1 and of radiation unto all quarters1 that of contraction1 dilatation1 inclination1 and contortion1 is discoverable in many plants4 ,to omit the rose of ,jericho1 the ear of ,rye1 which moves with change of weather1 and the ,magical spit1 made of no rare plants1 which windes before the fire1 and rosts the bird without turning4 ,even ,animals near the ,classis of plants1 seem to have the most restlesse motions4 ,the ,summer-worm of ,ponds and plashes makes a long waving motion2 the hair-worm seldome lies still4 ,he that would behold a very anomalous motion1 may observe it in the ,tortile and tiring stroaks of ,gnatworms4#afb #afb ,found often in some form of redmaggot in the standing waters of ,cisterns in the ,summer4 ,,chapter ,,iv ,as for the delights1 commodities1 mysteries1 with other concernments of this order1 we are unwilling to fly them over1 in the short deliveries of ,virgil1 ,varro1 or others1 and shall therefore enlarge with additionall ampliations4 ,by this position they had a just proportion of ,earth1 to supply an equality of nourishment4 ,the distance being ordered1 thick or thin1 according to the magnitude or vigorous attraction of the plant1 the goodnesse1 leannesse1 or propriety of the soyl1 and therefore the rule of ,solon1 concerning the territory of ,athens1 not extendible unto all2 allowing the distance of six foot unto common ,trees1 and nine for the ,figge and ,olive4 ,they had a due diffusion of their roots on all or both sides1 whereby they maintained some proportion to their height1 in ,trees of large radication4 ,for that they strictly make good their profundeur or depth unto their height1 according to common conceit1 and that expression of ,virgil1#afc though confirmable from the plane ,tree in ,pliny1 and some few examples1 is not to be expected from the generation of ,trees almost in any kinde1 either of side-spreading or tap-roots3 ,except we measure them by lateral and opposite diffusions2 nor commonly to be found in minor or hearby plants2 ,if we except ,sea-holly1 ,liquorish1 ,sea-rush1 and some others4 #afc ,quantum vertice ad auras thereas1 tantum radice ad tartara tendit4 ,they had a commodious radiation in their growth2 and a due expansion of their branches1 for shadow or delight4 ,for trees thickly planted1 do runne up in height and branch with no expansion1 shooting unequally or short1 and thinne upon the neighbouring side4 ,and therefore ,trees are inwardly bare1 and spring1 and leaf from the outward and ,sunny side of their branches4 ,whereby they also avoided the perill of synolethrismos or one tree perishing with another1 as it happeneth ofttimes from the sick effluviums or entanglements of the roots1 falling foul with each other4 ,observable in ,elmes set in hedges1 where if one dieth the neighbouring ,tree prospereth not long after4 ,in this situation divided into many intervals and open unto six passages1 they had the advantage of a fair perflation from windes1 brushing and cleansing their surfaces2 relaxing and closing their pores unto due perspiration4 ,for that they afford large effluviums perceptible from odours1 diffused at great distances1 is observable from ,onyons out of the ,earth2 which though dry1 and kept until the spring1 as they shoot forth large and many leaves1 do notably abate of their weight4 ,and mint growing in glasses of water1 until it arriveth unto the weight of an ounce1 in a shady place1 will sometimes exhaust a pound of water4 ,and as they send forth much1 so may they receive somewhat in3 ,for beside the common way and road of reception by the root1 there may be a refection and imbibition from without2 ,for gentle showrs refresh plants1 though they enter not their roots2 ,and the good and bad effluviums of ,vegetables1 promote or debilitate each other4 ,so ,epithymum and ,dodder1 rootlesse and out of the ground1 maintain themselves upon ,thyme1 ,savory1 and plants1 whereon they hang4 ,and ,ivy divided from the root1 we have observed to live some years1 by the cirrous parts commonly conceived but as tenacles and holdfasts unto it4 ,the stalks of mint cropt from the root stripped from the leaves1 and set in glasses with the root end upward1 and out of the water1 we have observed to send forth sprouts and leaves without the aid of roots1 and scordium to grow in like manner1 the leaves set downward in water4 ,to omit severall ,sea-plants1 which grow on single roots from stones1 although in very many there are side-shoots fibres1 beside the fastening root4 ,by this open position they were fairly exposed unto the rayes of ,moon and ,sunne1 so considerable in the growth of ,vegetables4 ,for though ,poplars1 ,willows1 and severall ,trees be made to grow about the brinks of ,acharon1 and dark habitations of the dead2 ,though some plants are content to grow in obscure ,wells2 wherein also old ,elme pumps afford sometimes long bushy sprouts1 not observable in any above ground3 ,and large fields of ,vegetables are able to maintain their verdure at the bottome and shady part of the ,sea2 yet the greatest number are not content without the actual rayes of the ,sun1 but bend1 incline1 and follow them2 ,as large lists of solisequious and ,sun-following plants4 ,and some observe the method of its motion in their own growth and conversion twining towards the ,west by the ,south1 as ,bryony1 ,hops1 ,woodbine1 and several kindes of ,bindeweed1 which we shall more admire2 when any can tell us1 they observe another motion1 and ,twist by the ,north at the ,antipodes4 ,the same plants rooted against an erect ,north-wall full of holes1 will finde a way through them to look upon the ,sun4 ,and in tender plants from mustard-seed1 sown in the winter1 and in a plot of earth placed inwardly against a ,south-window1 the tender stalks of two leaves arose not erect1 but bending towards the window1 nor looking much higher then the ,meridian ,sun4 ,and if the pot were turned they would work themselves into their former declinations1 making their conversion by the ,east4 ,that the ,leaves of the ,olive and some other ,trees solstitially turn1 and precisely tell us1 when the ,sun is entred ,cancer1 is scarce expectable in any ,climate2 and ,theophrastus warily observes it2 ,yet somewhat thereof is observable in our own1 in the leaves of ,willows and ,sallows1 some weeks after the ,solstice4 ,but the great ,convolvulus or white-flower'd ,bindweed observes both motions of the ,sunne1 while the flower twists quinoctionally from the left hand to the right according to the daily revolution2 ,the stalk twineth ecliptically from the right to the left1 according to the annual conversion4 ,some commend the exposure of these orders unto the ,western gales1 as the most generative and fructifying breath of heaven4 ,but we applaud the ,husbandry of ,solomon1 whereto agreeth the doctrine of ,theophrastus4 ,arise ,o ,north-winde1 and blow thou ,south upon my garden1 that the spices thereof may flow out2 ,for the ,north-winde closing the pores1 and shutting up the effluviums1 when the ,south doth after open and relax them2 the ,aromatical gummes do drop1 and sweet odours fly actively from them4 ,and if his garden had the same situation1 which mapps and charts afford it1 on the ,east side of ,jerusalem1 and having the wall on the ,west2 these were the winds1 unto which it was well exposed4 ,by this way of plantation they encreased the number of their trees1 which they lost in ,quaternio's1 and square-orders1 which is a commodity insisted on by ,varro1 and one great intent of nature1 in this position of flowers and seeds in the elegant formation of plants1 and the former ,rules observed in naturall and artificiall ,figurations4 ,whether in this order and one ,tree in some measure breaking the cold1 and pinching gusts of windes from the other1 trees will not better maintain their inward circles1 and either escape or moderate their excentricities1 may also be considered4 ,for the circles in ,trees are naturally concentricall1 parallel unto the bark1 and unto each other1 till frost and piercing windes contract and close them on the weatherside1 the opposite semi-circle widely enlarging1 and at a comely distance1 which hindreth oftentimes the beauty and roundnesse of ,trees1 and makes the ,timber lesse serviceable2 whiles the ascending juyce not readily passing1 settles in knots and inequalities4 ,and therefore it is no new course of ,agriculture1 to observe the native position of ,trees according to ,north and ,south in their transplantations4 ,the same is also observable underground in the circinations and sphrical rounds of ,onyons1 wherein the circles of the ,orbes are ofttimes larger1 and the meridionall lines stand wider upon one side then the other4 ,and where the largenesse will make up the number of planetical ,orbes1 that of ,luna1 and the lower planets excede the dimensions of ,saturne1 and the higher3 ,whether the like be not verified in the ,circles of the large roots of ,briony and ,mandrake1 or why in the knotts of ,deale or ,firre the ,circles are often eccentrical1 although not in a plane1 but vertical and right position1 deserves a further enquiry4 ,whether there be not some irregularity of roundnesse in most plants according to their position8 ,whether some small compression of pores be not perceptible in parts which stand against the current of waters1 as in ,reeds1 ,bull-rushes1 and other vegetables toward the streaming quarter1 may also be observed1 and therefore such as are long and weak1 are commonly contrived into a roundnesse of figure1 whereby the water presseth lesse1 and slippeth more smoothly from them1 and even in flags or flat-figured leaves1 the greater part obvert their sharper sides unto the current in ditches4 ,but whether plants which float upon the surface of the water1 be for the most part of cooling qualities1 those which shoot above it of heating vertues1 and why8 whether ,sargasso for many miles floating upon the ,western ,ocean1 or ,sea-lettuce1 and ,phasganium at the bottome of our ,seas1 make good the like qualities8 ,why ,fenny waters afford the hottest and sweetest plants1 as ,calamus1 ,cyperus1 and ,crowfoot1 and mudd cast out of ditches most naturally produceth ,arsmart8 ,why plants so greedy of water so little regard oyl8 ,why since many seeds contain much oyl within them1 they endure it not well without1 either in their growth or production8 ,why since ,seeds shoot commonly under ground1 and out of the aire1 those which are let fall in shallow glasses1 upon the surface of the water1 will sooner sprout then those at the bottom8 ,and if the water be covered with oyle1 those at the bottome will hardly sprout at all1 we have not room to conjecture4 ,whether ,ivy would not lesse offend the ,trees in this clean ordination1 and well kept paths1 might perhaps deserve the question4 ,but this were a qury only unto some habitations1 and little concerning ,cyrus or the ,babylonian territory2 wherein by no industry ,harpalus could make ,ivy grow3 ,and ,alexander hardly found it about those parts to imitate the pomp of ,bacchus4 ,and though in these ,northern ,regions we are too much acquainted with one ,ivy1 we know too little of another1 whereby we apprehend not the expressions of ,antiquity1 the ,splenetick#afd medicine of ,galen1 and the ,emphasis of the ,poet1 in the beauty of the white ,ivy4#afe #afd ,galen4 de med4 secundum loc4 #afe ,hedera formosior alba4 ,the like concerning the growth of ,misseltoe1 which dependeth not only of the species1 or kinde of ,tree1 but much also of the ,soil4 ,and therefore common in some places1 not readily found in others1 frequent in ,france1 not so common in ,spain1 and scarce at all in the ,territory of ,ferrara3 ,nor easily to be found where it is most required upon ,oakes1 lesse on trees continually verdant4 ,although in some places the ,olive escapeth it not1 requiting its detriment1 in the delightful view of its red ,berries2 as ,clusius observed in ,spain1 and ,bellonius about ,hierusalem4 ,but this ,parasitical plant suffers nothing to grow upon it1 by any way of art2 nor could we ever make it grow where nature had not planted it2 as we have in vain attempted by inocculation and incision1 upon its native or forreign stock1 and though there seem nothing improbable in the seed1 it hath not succeeded by sation in any manner of ground1 wherein we had no reason to despair since we reade of vegetable horns ,,sn3 ,linschoten41 and how ,rams horns will root about ,goa4 ,but besides these rural commodities1 it cannot be meanly delectable in the variety of ,figures1 which these orders open1 and closed do make4 ,whilest every inclosure makes a ,rhombus1 the figures obliquely taken a ,rhomboides1 the intervals bounded with parallel lines1 and each intersection built upon a square1 affording two ,triangles or ,pyramids vertically conjoyned2 which in the strict ,quincuncial order do oppositely make acute and blunt ,angles4 ,and though therein we meet not with right angles1 yet every ,rhombus containing four ,angles equal unto two right1 it virtually contains two right in every one4 ,nor is this strange unto such as observe the natural lines of ,trees1 and parts disposed in them4 ,for neither in the root doth nature affect this angle1 which shooting downward for the stability of the plant1 doth best effect the same by ,figures of ,inclination2 ,nor in the ,branches and stalky leaves1 which grow most at acute angles2 as declining from their head the root1 and diminishing their ,angles with their altitude3 ,verified also in lesser ,plants1 whereby they better support themselves1 and bear not so heavily upon the stalk3 ,so that while near the root they often make an ,angle of seventy parts1 the sprouts near the top will often come short of thirty4 ,even in the nerves and master veines of the leaves the acute angle ruleth2 the obtuse but seldome found1 and in the backward part of the leaf1 reflecting and arching about the stalk4 ,but why ofttimes one side of the leaf is unequal unto the other1 as in ,hazell and ,oaks1 why on either side the master vein the lesser and derivative channels stand not directly opposite1 nor at equal angles1 respectively unto the adverse side1 but those of one part do often exceed the other1 as the ,wallnut and many more1 deserves another enquiry4 ,now if for this order we affect coniferous and tapering ,trees1 particularly the ,cypresse1 which grows in a conical figure2 we have found a tree not only of great ,ornament1 but in its ,essentials of affinity unto this order4 ,a solid ,rhombus being made by the conversion of two ,equicrural ,cones1 as ,archimedes hath defined4 ,and these were the common ,trees about ,babylon1 and the ,east1 whereof the ,ark was made2 and ,alexander found no ,trees so accommodable to build his ,navy2 ,and this we rather think to be the tree mentioned in the ,canticles1 which stricter ,botanology will hardly allow to be ,camphire4 ,and if delight or ornamentall view invite a comely disposure by circular amputations1 as is elegantly performed in ,hawthorns2 then will they answer the figures made by the conversion of a ,rhombus1 which maketh two concentrical ,circles2 the greater circumference being made by the lesser angles1 the lesser by the greater4 ,the ,cylindrical figure of trees is virtually contained and latent in this order4 ,a ,cylinder or long round being made by the conversion or turning of a ,parallelogram1 and most handsomely by a long square1 which makes an equal1 strong1 and lasting figure in trees1 agreeable unto the body and motive parts of animals1 the greatest number of ,plants1 and almost all roots1 though their stalks be angular1 and of many corners1 which seem not to follow the figure of their ,seeds2 ,since many angular ,seeds send forth round stalks1 and sphricall seeds arise from angular spindles1 and many rather conform unto their roots1 as the round stalks of bulbous ,roots1 and in tuberous ,roots stemmes of like figure4 ,but why since the largest number of ,plants maintain a circular ,figure1 there are so few with teretous or long round leaves2 why coniferous ,trees are tenuifolious or narrow leafed1 why ,plants of few or no joynts have commonly round stalks1 why the greatest number of hollow stalks are round stalks2 or why in this variety of angular stalks the quadrangular most exceedeth1 were too long a speculation2 ,mean while obvious experience may finde1 that in ,plants of divided leaves above1 nature often beginneth circularly in the two first leaves below1 while in the singular plant of ,ivy1 she exerciseth a contrary ,geometry1 and beginning with angular leaves below1 rounds them in the upper branches4 ,nor can the rows in this order want delight1 as carrying an aspect answerable unto the dipteros hypoethros1 or double order of columns open above2 the opposite ranks of ,trees standing like pillars in the ,cavedia of the ,courts of famous buildings1 and the ,portico's of the ,templa subdialia of old2 ,somewhat imitating the ,peristylia or ,cloyster buildings1 and the ,exedr of the ,ancients1 wherein men discoursed1 walked and exercised2 ,for that they derived the rule of ,columnes from trees1 especially in their proportionall diminutions1 is illustrated by ,vitruvius from the shafts of ,firre and ,pine4 ,and though the inter-arboration do imitate the ,areostylos1 or thin order1 not strictly answering the proportion of intercolumniations2 yet in many trees they will not exceed the intermission of the ,columnes in the court of the ,tabernacle2 which being an hundred cubits long1 and made up by twenty pillars1 will afford no lesse then intervals of five cubits4 ,beside1 in this kinde of aspect the sight being not diffused but circumscribed between long parallels and the episkiasmos and adumbration from the branches1 it frameth a penthouse over the eye1 and maketh a quiet vision3 ,and therefore in diffused and open aspects1 men hollow their hand above their eye1 and make an artificiall brow1 whereby they direct the dispersed rayes of sight1 and by this shade preserve a moderate light in the chamber of the eye2 keeping the pupilla plump and fair1 and not contracted or shrunk as in light and vagrant vision4 ,and therefore providence hath arched and paved the great house of the world1 with colours of mediocrity1 that is1 blew and green1 above and below the sight1 moderately terminating the acies of the eye4 ,for most plants1 though green above-ground1 maintain their original white below it1 according to the candour of their seminall pulp1 and the rudimental leaves do first appear in that colour2 observable in ,seeds sprouting in water upon their first foliation4 ,green seeming to be the first supervenient1 or above-ground complexion of ,vegetables1 separable in many upon ligature or inhumation1 as ,succory1 ,endive1 ,artichoaks1 and which is also lost upon fading in the ,autumn4 ,and this is also agreeable unto water it self1 the alimental vehicle of plants1 which first altereth into this colour2 ,and containing many vegetable seminalities1 revealeth their ,seeds by greennesse2 and therefore soonest expected in rain or standing water1 not easily found in distilled or water strongly boiled2 wherein the seeds are extinguished by fire and decoction1 and therefore last long and pure without such alteration1 affording neither uliginous coats1 gnatworms1 ,acari1 hairworms1 like crude and common water2 ,and therefore most fit for wholsome beverage1 and with malt makes ,ale and ,beer without boyling4 ,what large water-drinkers some ,plants are1 the ,canary-tree and ,birches in some ,northern ,countries1 drenching the fields about them do sufficiently demonstrate4 ,how water it self is able to maintain the growth of ,vegetables1 and without extinction of their generative or medicall vertues2 ,beside the experiment of ,helmonts tree1 we have found in some which have lived six years in glasses4 ,the seeds of ,scurvy-grasse growing in water-pots1 have been fruitful in the ,land2 and ,asarum after a years space1 and once casting its leaves in water in the second leaves1 hath handsomely performed its vomiting operation4 ,nor are only dark and green colours1 but shades and shadows contrived through the great ,volume of nature1 and trees ordained not only to protect and shadow others1 but by their shades and shadowing parts1 to preserve and cherish themselves4 ,the whole radiation or branchings shadowing the stock and the root1 the leaves1 the branches and fruit1 too much exposed to the windes and scorching ,sunne4 ,the calicular leaves inclose the tender flowers1 and the flowers themselves lye wrapt about the seeds1 in their rudiment and first formations1 which being advanced the flowers fall away2 and are therefore contrived in variety of ,figures1 best satisfying the intention2 ,handsomely observable in hooded and gaping flowers1 and the ,butterfly bloomes of leguminous plants1 the lower leaf closely involving the rudimental ,cod1 and the alary or wingy divisions embracing or hanging over it4 ,but ,seeds themselves do lie in perpetual shades1 either under the leaf1 or shut up in coverings2 and such as lye barest1 have their husks1 skins1 and pulps about them1 wherein the nebbe and generative particle lyeth moist and secured from the injury of ,aire and ,sunne4 ,darknesse and light hold interchangeable dominions1 and alternately rule the seminal state of things4 ,light unto ,pluto#aff is darknesse unto ,jupiter4 ,legions of seminall ,ida's lye in their second ,chaos and ,orcus of ,hippocrates2 till putting on the habits of their forms1 they shew themselves upon the stage of the world1 and open dominion of ,jove4 ,they that held the ,stars of heaven were but rayes and flashing glimpses of the ,empyreall light1 through holes and perforations of the upper heaven1 took of the natural shadows of stars1 while according to better discovery the poor ,inhabitants of the ,moon#afg have but a polary life1 and must passe half their dayes in the shadow of that ,luminary4 #aff ,lux orco1 tenebr ,jovi1 tenebr orco1 lux ,jovi4 ,hippocr4 de dita4 #afg ,s4 ,hevelii ,selenographia4 ,light that makes things seen1 makes some things invisible1 were it not for darknesse and the shadow of the earth1 the noblest part of the ,creation had remained unseen1 and the ,stars in heaven as invisible as on the fourth day1 when they were created above the ,horizon1 with the ,sun1 or there was not an eye to behold them4 ,the greatest mystery of ,religion is expressed by adumbration1 and in the noblest part of ,jewish ,types1 we finde the ,cherubims shadowing the ,mercy-seat3 ,life it self is but the shadow of death1 and souls departed but the shadows of the living3 ,all things fall under this name4 ,the ,sunne it self is but the dark simulachrum1 and light but the shadow of ,god4 ,lastly1 ,it is no wonder that this ,quincunciall order was first and still affected as gratefull unto the ,eye3 ,for all things are seen ,quincuncially2 ,for at the eye the ,pyramidal rayes from the object1 receive a decussation1 and so strike a second base upon the ,retina or hinder coat1 the proper organ of ,vision2 wherein the pictures from objects are represented1 answerable to the paper1 or wall in the dark chamber2 after the decussation of the rayes at the hole of the hornycoat1 and their refraction upon the ,christalline humour1 answering the foramen of the window1 and the convex or burning-glasses1 which refract the rayes that enter it4 ,and if ancient ,anatomy would hold1 a like disposure there was of the optick or visual nerves in the brain1 wherein ,antiquity conceived a concurrence by decussation4 ,and this not only observable in the ,laws of direct ,vision1 but in some part also verified in the reflected rayes of sight4 ,for making the angle of incidence equal to that of reflexion1 the visuall ray returneth ,quincuncially1 and after the form of a ,v1 and the line of reflexion being continued unto the place of vision1 there ariseth a semi-decussation which makes the object seen in a perpendicular unto it self1 and as farre below the reflectent1 as it is from it above1 observable in the ,sun and ,moon beheld in water4 ,and this is also the law of reflexion in moved bodies and sounds1 which though not made by decussation1 observe the rule of equality between incidence and reflexion2 whereby whispering places are framed by ,elliptical arches laid side-wise2 where the voice being delivered at the focus of one extremity1 observing an equality unto the angle of incidence1 it will reflect unto the focus of the other end1 and so escape the ears of the standers in the middle4 ,a like rule is observed in the reflection of the vocall and sonorous line in ,ecchoes1 which cannot therefore be heard in all stations4 ,but hapning in woody plantations1 by waters1 and able to return some words2 if reacht by a pleasant and well-dividing voice1 there may be heard the softest notes in nature4 ,and this not only verified in the way of sense1 but in animall and intellectual receptions4 ,things entring upon the intellect by a ,pyramid from without1 and thence into the memory by another from within1 the common decussation being in the understanding as is delivered by ,bovillus4#afh ,whether the intellectual and phantastical lines be not thus rightly disposed1 but magnified1 diminished1 distorted1 and ill placed in the ,mathematicks of some brains1 whereby they have irregular apprehensions of things1 perverted notions1 conceptions1 and incurable hallucinations1 were no unpleasant speculation4 #afh ,car4 ,bovillus de intellectu4 ,and if gyptian ,philosophy may obtain1 the scale of influences was thus disposed1 and the geniall spirits of both worlds1 do trace their way in ascending and descending ,pyramids1 mystically apprehended in the ,letter ,x1 and the open ,bill and stradling ,legges of a ,stork1 which was imitated by that ,character4 ,of this ,figure ,plato made choice to illustrate the motion of the soul1 both of the world and man2 while he delivered that ,god divided the whole conjunction length-wise1 according to figure of a ,greek ,x1 and then turning it about reflected it into a circle2 ,by the circle implying the uniform motion of the first ,orb1 and by the right lines1 the planetical and various motions within it4 ,and this also with application unto the soul of man1 which hath a double aspect1 one right1 whereby it beholdeth the body1 and objects without2 another circular and reciprocal1 whereby it beholdeth it self4 ,the circle declaring the motion of the indivisible soul1 simple1 according to the divinity of its nature1 and returning into it self2 the right lines respecting the motion pertaining unto sense1 and vegetation1 and the central decussation1 the wonderous connexion of the severall faculties conjointly in one substance4 ,and so conjoyned the unity and duality of the soul1 and made out the three substances so much considered by him2 ,that is1 the indivisible or divine1 the divisible or corporeal1 and that third1 which was the ,systasis or harmony of those two1 in the mystical decussation4 ,and if that were clearly made out which ,justin ,martyr took for granted1 this figure hath had the honour to characterise and notifie our blessed ,saviour1 as he delivereth in that borrowed expression from ,plato3 ,decussavit eum in universo1 the hint whereof he would have ,plato derive from the figure of the brazen ,serpent1 and to have mistaken the ,letter ,x for ,t1 whereas it is not improbable1 he learned these and other mystical expressions in his ,learned ,observations of gypt1 where he might obviously behold the ,mercurial characters1 the handed crosses1 and other mysteries not throughly understood in the sacred ,letter ,x1 which being derivative from the ,stork1 one of the ten sacred animals1 might be originally gyptian1 and brought into ,greece by ,cadmus of that ,countrey4 ,,chapter ,v ,to enlarge this contemplation unto all the mysteries and secrets1 accommodable unto this number1 were inexcusable ,pythagorisme1 yet cannot omit the ancient conceit of five surnamed the number of justice#afi2 as justly dividing between the digits1 and hanging in the centre of ,nine1 described by square numeration1 which angularly divided will make the decussated number2 and so agreeable unto the ,quincunciall ,ordination1 and rowes divided by ,equality1 and just decorum1 in the whole complantation2 ,and might be the ,originall of that common game among us1 wherein the fifth place is ,soveraigne1 and carrieth the chief intention4 ,the ,ancients wisely instructing youth1 even in their recreations unto virtue1 that is1 early to drive at the middle point and ,central ,seat of justice4 #afi dik 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,nor can we omit how agreeable unto this number an handsome division is made in ,trees and ,plants1 since ,plutarch and the ,ancients have named it the ,divisive ,number1 justly dividing the ,entities of the world1 many remarkable things in it1 and also comprehending the generall#agj division of ,vegetables4 ,and he that considers how most blossomes of ,trees1 and greatest number of ,flowers1 consist of five ,leaves2 and therein doth rest the setled rule of nature2 ,so that in those which exceed there is often found1 or easily made a variety2 may readily discover how nature rests in this number1 which is indeed the first rest and pause of numeration in the fingers1 the natural ,organs thereof4 ,nor in the division of the feet of perfect animals doth nature exceed this account4 ,and even in the joynts of feet1 which in birds are most multiplied1 surpasseth not this number2 ,so progressionally making them out in many1 that from five in the foreclaw she descendeth unto two in the hindemost4 ,and so in fower feet makes up the number of joynts1 in the five fingers or toes of man4 #agj ,dendron1 ,thamnos1 ,phryganon1 ,poa1 ,arbor1 frutex1 suffrutex1 herba1 and that fifth which comprehendeth the fungi and tubera1 whether to be named ,aschion or gymnon1 comprehending also conserva marina salsa1 and ,sea-cords1 of so many yards length4 ,not to omit the ,quintuple ,section of a ,cone1#aga of handsome practise in ,ornamentall ,garden-plots1 and in some way discoverable in so many works of ,nature2 ,in the leaves1 fruits1 and seeds of ,vegetables1 and scales of some ,fishes1 so much considerable in glasses1 and the optick doctrine2 wherein the learned may consider the ,crystalline humour of the eye in the cuttle-fish and ,loligo4 #aga ,elleipsis1 parabola1 ,hyperbole1 ,circulus1 ,triangulum4 ,he that forgets not how ,antiquity named this the ,conjugall or wedding ,number1 and made it the ,embleme of the most remarkable conjunction1 will conceive it duely appliable unto this handsome ,oeconomy1 and vegetable combination2 ,may hence apprehend the allegoricall sence of that obscure expression of ,hesiod1#agb and afford no improbable reason why ,plato admitted his ,nuptiall guests by fives1 in the kindred of the married#agc couple4 #agb pemptas id est nuptias multas4 ,rhodig4 #agc ,plato de leg4 #f4 ,and though a sharper mystery might be implied in the ,number of the five wise and foolish ,virgins1 which were to meet the ,bridegroom1 yet was the same agreeable unto the ,conjugall ,number1 which ancient ,numerists made out by two and three1 the first parity and imparity1 the active and passive digits1 the materiall and formall principles in generative ,societies4 ,and not discordant even from the customes of the ,romans1 who admitted but five#agd ,torches in their ,nuptiall ,solemnities4 ,whether there were any mystery or not implied1 the most generative animals were created on this day1 and had accordingly the largest benediction2 ,and under a ,quintuple consideration1 wanton ,antiquity considered the ,circumstances of generation1 while by this number of five they naturally divided the ,nectar of the fifth ,planet4 #agd ,plutarch problem4 ,rom4 #a4 ,the same number in the ,hebrew ,mysteries and ,cabalistical ,accounts was the ,character#age of ,generation2 declared by the ,letter ,he1 the fifth in their ,alphabet2 ,according to that ,cabalisticall ,dogma3 ,if ,abram had not had this ,letter added unto his ,name1 he had remained fruitlesse1 and without the power of ,generation3 ,not onely because hereby the number of his ,name attained two hundred fourty eight1 the number of the affirmative precepts1 but because as in created natures there is a male and female1 so in divine and intelligent productions1 the mother of ,life and ,fountain of souls in ,cabalisticall ,technology is called ,binah2 whose ,seal and ,character was ,he4 ,so that being sterill before1 he received the power of generation from that measure and mansion in the ,archetype2 and was made conformable unto ,binah4 ,and upon such involved considerations1 the ten#agf of ,sarai was exchanged into five4 ,if any shall look upon this as a stable number1 and fitly appropriable unto ,trees1 as ,bodies of ,rest and ,station1 he hath herein a great ,foundation in nature1 who observing much variety in legges and motive ,organs of ,animals1 as two1 four1 six1 eight1 twelve1 fourteen1 and more1 hath passed over five and ten1 and assigned them unto none4#agg ,and for the stability of this ,number1 he shall not want the sphericity of its nature1 which multiplied in it self1 will return into its own denomination1 and bring up the reare of the account4 ,which is also one of the ,numbers that makes up the mysticall ,name of ,god1 which consisting of ,letters denoting all the sphricall ,numbers1 ten1 five1 and six2 ,emphatically sets forth the notion of ,trismegistus1 and that intelligible ,sphear which is the ,nature of ,god4 #age ,archang4 dog4 ,cabal4 #agf ,jod into ,he4 #agg ,or very few1 as the ,phalangium monstrosum ,brasilianum1 ,clusii et ,jac de ,laet4 ,cur4 poster4 ,americ1 ,descript4 ,if perfectly described4 ,many ,expressions by this ,number occurre in ,holy ,scripture1 perhaps unjustly laden with mysticall ,expositions1 and little concerning our order4 ,that the ,israelites were forbidden to eat the fruit of their new planted ,trees1 before the fifth yeare1 was very agreeable unto the naturall ,rules of ,husbandry2 ,fruits being unwholsome1 and lash1 before the fourth1 or fifth ,yeare4 ,in the second day or ,feminine part of five1 there was added no approbation4 ,for in the third or masculine day1 the same is twice repeated2 and a double benediction inclosed both ,creations1 whereof the one in some part was but an accomplishment of the other4 ,that the ,trespasser#agh was to pay a fifth part above the head or principall1 makes no secret in this ,number1 and implied no more then one part above the principall2 which being considered in four parts1 the additionall forfeit must bear the ,name of a fift4 ,the five golden mice had plainly their determination from the number of the ,princes2 ,that five should put to flight an hundred might have nothing mystically implyed2 considering a rank of ,souldiers could scarce consist of a lesser number4 ,saint ,paul had rather speak five words in a known then ten thousand in an unknown tongue3 ,that is as little as could well be spoken4 ,a simple proposition consisting of three words1 and a complexed one1 not ordinarily short of five4 #agh ,lev4 #f4 ,more considerable there are in this mysticall account1 which we must not insist on4 ,and therefore why the radicall ,letters in the ,pentateuch should equall the number of the ,souldiery of the ,tribes2 ,why our ,saviour in the ,wildernesse fed five thousand persons with five ,barley ,loaves1 and again1 but four thousand with no lesse then seven of ,wheat8 ,why ,joseph designed five changes of ,rayment unto ,benjamin8 and ,david took just five pibbles#agi out of the ,brook against the ,pagan ,champion8 ,we leave it unto ,arithmeticall ,divinity1 and ,theologicall explanation4 #agi tessara en ke four and one1 or five4 ,scalig4 ,yet if any delight in new ,problemes1 or think it worth the enquiry1 whether the ,criticall ,physician hath rightly hit the nominall notation of ,quinque2 ,why the ,ancients mixed five or three but not four parts of water unto their ,wine3 ,and ,hippocrates observed a fifth proportion in the mixture of water with milk1 as in ,dysenteries and bloudy fluxes4 ,under what abstruse foundation ,astrologers do figure the good or bad ,fate from our ,children1 in good ,fortune1#ahj or the fifth house of their ,celestial ,schemes4 ,whether the gyptians described a ,starre by a ,figure of five points1 with reference unto the five#aha ,capitall aspects1 whereby they transmit their ,influences1 or abstruser ,considerations8 ,why the ,cabalisticall ,doctors1 who conceive the whole ,sephiroth1 or divine ,emanations to have guided the ten-stringed ,harp of ,david1 whereby he pacified the evil spirit of ,saul1 in strict numeration doe begin with the ,perihypate ,meson1 or ff fa ut1 and so place the ,tiphereth answering ,c sol fa ut1 upon the fifth string3 ,or whether this number be oftner applied unto bad things and ends1 then good in holy ,scripture1 and why8 ,he may meet with abstrusities of no ready resolution4 #ahj ,agath tych1 or bona fortuna the name of the fifth house4 #aha ,conjunct1 opposite1 sextile1 trigonal1 tetragonal4 ,if any shall question the rationality of that ,magick1 in the cure of the blinde man by ,serapis1 commanded to place five fingers on his ,altar1 and then his hand on his ,eyes8 ,why since the whole ,comoedy is primarily and naturally comprised in four#ahb parts2 and ,antiquity permitted not so many persons to speak in one ,scene1 yet would not comprehend the same in more or lesse then five acts8 ,why amongst ,sea-starres nature chiefly delighteth in five points8 ,and since there are found some of no fewer then twelve1 and some of seven and nine1 there are few or none discovered of six or eight8 ,if any shall enquire why the ,flowers of ,rue properly consist of four ,leaves1 ,the first and third ,flower have five8 ,why since many ,flowers have one leaf or none1#ahc as ,scaliger will have it1 diverse three1 and the greatest number consist of five divided from their bottomes2 there are yet so few of two3 or why nature generally beginning or setting out with two opposite leaves at the ,root1 doth so seldome conclude with that order and number at the ,flower8 he shall not passe his hours in vulgar speculations4 #ahb ,protasis1 eptasis1 katastasis1 katastroph4 #ahc ,unifolium nullifolima4 ,if any shall further qury why magneticall ,philosophy excludeth decussations1 and needles transversly placed do naturally distract their verticities4 ,why ,geomancers do imitate the ,quintuple ,figure1 in their ,mother ,characters of ,acquisition and ,amission1 etc4 somewhat answering the ,figures in the ,lady or speckled ,beetle8 ,with what ,equity1 ,chiromantical conjecturers decry these decussations in the ,lines and ,mounts of the hand8 ,what that decussated ,figure intendeth in the medall of ,alexander the ,great8 ,why the ,goddesses sit commonly crosse-legged in ancient draughts1 ,since ,juno is described in the same as a venefical posture to hinder the birth of ,hercules8 ,if any shall doubt why at the ,amphidromicall ,feasts1 on the fifth day after the ,childe was born1 presents were sent from friends1 of ,polipusses1 and ,cuttle fishes8 ,why five must be only left in that ,symbolicall mutiny among the men of ,cadmus8 ,why ,proteus in ,homer the ,symbole of the first matter1 before he setled himself in the midst of his ,sea-,monsters1 doth place them out by fives8 ,why the fifth years ,oxe was acceptable ,sacrifice unto ,jupiter8 ,or why the ,noble ,antoninus in some sence doth call the soul it self a ,rhombus8 ,he shall not fall on trite or triviall disquisitions4 ,and these we invent and propose unto acuter enquirers1 nauseating crambe verities and questions over-queried4 ,flat and flexible truths are beat out by every hammer2 ,but ,vulcan and his whole forge sweat to work out ,achilles his armour4 ,a large field is yet left unto sharper discerners to enlarge upon this order1 to search out the quaternio's and figured draughts of this nature1 and moderating the study of names1 and meer nomenclature of plants1 to erect generalities1 disclose unobserved proprieties1 not only in the vegetable shop1 but the whole volume of nature2 affording delightfull ,truths1 confirmable by sense and ocular ,observation1 which seems to me the surest path1 to trace the ,labyrinth of truth4 ,for though discursive enquiry and rationall conjecture1 may leave handsome gashes and flesh-wounds2 yet without conjunction of this expect no mortal or dispatching blows unto errour4 ,but the ,quincunx#ahd of ,heaven runs low1 and 'tis time to close the five ports of knowledge2 ,we are unwilling to spin out our awaking thoughts into the phantasmes of sleep1 which often continueth prcogitations2 making ,cables of ,cobwebbes and ,wildernesses of handsome ,groves4 ,beside ,hippocrates#ahe hath spoke so little and the ,oneirocriticall ,masters1#ahf have left such frigid ,interpretations from plants1 that there is little encouragement to dream of ,paradise it self4 ,nor will the sweetest delight of ,gardens afford much comfort in sleep2 wherein the dulnesse of that sense shakes hands with delectable odours2 and though in the ,bed#ahg of ,cleopatra1 can hardly with any delight raise up the ghost of a ,rose4 #ahd ,hyades near the ,horizon about midnight1 at that time4 #ahe ,de insomniis4 #ahf ,artemodorus et ,apomazar4 #ahg ,strewed with roses4 ,night1 which ,pagan ,theology could make the daughter of ,chaos1 affords no advantage to the description of order3 ,although no lower then that ,masse can we derive its ,genealogy4 ,all things began in order1 so shall they end1 and so shall they begin again2 according to the ordainer of order and mystical ,mathematicks of the ,city of heaven4 ,though ,somnus in ,homer be sent to rowse up ,agamemnon1 ,i finde no such effects in the drowsy approaches of sleep4 ,to keep our eyes open longer were but to act our ,antipodes4 ,the ,huntsmen are up in ,america1 and they are already past their first sleep in ,persia4 ,but who can be drowsie at that howr which freed us from everlasting sleep8 or have slumbring thoughts at that time1 when sleep it self must end1 and as some conjecture all shall awake again8 ,,finis ,,the ,,stationer ,,to ,,the ,,reader ,i cannot omit to advertise1 that a ,book was published not long since1 ,entituled1 ,natures ,cabinet ,unlockt1 bearing the ,name of this ,authour3 ,if any man have been benefited thereby this ,authour is not so ambitious as to challenge the honour thereof1 as having no hand in that ,work4 ,to distinguish of true and spurious ,peeces was the ,originall ,criticisme1 and some were so handsomely counterfeited1 that the ,entitled ,authours needed not to disclaime them4 ,but since it is so1 that either he must write himself1 or ,others will write for him1 ,i know no better ,prevention then to act his own part with lesse intermission of his ,pen4 ,,certain ,,miscellany ,,tracts4 ,written by ,,thomas ,,brown1 ,kt1 and ,doctour of ,physick2 late of ,,norwich4 ,,london1 ,printed for ,charles ,mearne1 and are to be sold by ,henry ,bonwick1 at the ,red ,lyon1 in ,st4 ,paul's ,church-,yard1 ,,mdclxxxiv4 ,,the ,,publisher ,,to ,,the ,,reader ,the ,papers from which these ,tracts were printed1 were1 a while since1 deliver'd to me by1 those worthy persons1 the ,lady and ,son of the excellent ,authour4 ,he himself gave no charge concerning his ,manuscripts1 either for the suppressing or the publishing of them4 ,yet1 seeing he had procured ,transcripts of them1 and had kept those ,copies by him1 it seemeth probable that ,he designed them for publick use4 ,thus much of his ,intention being presumed1 and many who had tasted of the fruits of his former studies being covetous of more of the like kind2 ,also these ,tracts having been perused and much approv'd of by some ,judicious and ,learned men2 ,i was not unwilling to be instrumental in fitting them for the ,press4 ,to this end1 ,i selected them out of many disordred ,papers1 and dispos'd them into such a method as ,they seem'd capable of2 beginning first with ,plants1 going on to ,animals1 proceeding farther to things relating to ,men1 and concluding with matters of a various nature4 ,concerning the ,plants1 ,i did1 on purpose1 forbear to range them 7as some advised7 according to their ,tribes and ,families2 because1 by so doing1 ,i should have represented that as a studied and formal work1 which is but a ,collection of occasional ,essaies4 ,and1 indeed1 both this ,tract1 and those which follow1 were rather the diversions than the ,labours of his ,pen3 and1 because ,he did1 as it were1 drop down his ,thoughts of a sudden1 in those little spaces of vacancy which he snatch'd from those very many occasions which gave him hourly interruption2 ,if there appears1 here and there1 any uncorrectness in the style1 a small degree of ,candour sufficeth to excuse it4 ,if there be any such errours in the words1 ,i'm sure the ,press has not made them fewer2 but ,i do not hold my self oblig'd to answer for ,that which ,i could not perfectly govern4 ,however1 the matter is not of any great moment3 such errours will not mislead a ,learned ,reader2 and ,he who is not such in some competent degree1 is not a fit ,peruser of these ,,letters4 ,such these ,tracts are2 but1 for the ,persons to whom they were written1 ,i cannot well learn their ,names from those few obscure marks which the ,authour has set at the beginning of them4 ,and these ,essaies being ,letters1 as many as take offence at some few familiar things which the ,authour hath mixed with them1 find fault with decence4 ,men are not wont to set down ,oracles in every line they write to their ,acquaintance4 ,there1 still1 remain other brief ,discourses written by this most ,learned and ingenious ,authour4 ,those1 also1 may come forth1 when some of his ,friends shall have sufficient leisure2 and at such due distance from these ,tracts1 that ,they may follow rather than stifle them4 ,amongst these ,manuscripts there is one which gives a brief ,account of all the ,monuments of the ,cathedral of ,norwich4 ,it was written merely for private use3 and the ,relations of the ,authour expect such ,justice from those into whose hands some imperfect ,copies of it are fallen2 that1 without their ,consent first obtain'd1 they forbear the publishing of ,it4 ,the truth is1 matter equal to the skill of the ,antiquary was not1 there1 afforded3 had a fit ,subject of that nature offer'd it self1 ,he would scarce have been guilty of an oversight like to that of ,ausonius1 who1 in the description of his native ,city of ,burdeaux1 omitted the two famous ,antiquities of it1 ,palais de ,tutele1 and1 ,palais de ,galien4 ,concerning the ,authour himself1 ,i chuse to be silent1 though ,i have had the happiness to have been1 for some years1 known to him4 ,there is on foot a design of writing his ,life3 and there are1 already1 some ,memorials collected by one of his ancient ,friends4 ,till that work be perfected1 the ,reader may content himself with these present ,tracts2 all which commending themselves by their ,learning1 ,curiosity and ,brevity1 if ,he be not pleased with them1 he seemeth to me to be distemper'd with such a niceness of ,imagination as no wise man is concern'd to humour4 ,,tho4 ,,tenison4 ,,observations ,upon several ,,plants mention'd in ,,scripture4 ,,tract ,i ,sidenote3 ,the ,introduction4 ,,sir1 ,though many ordinary ,heads run smoothly over the ,scripture1 yet ,i must acknowledge1 it is one of the hardest ,books ,i ever met with3 and therefore well deserveth those numerous ,comments1 ,expositions and ,annotations which make up a good part of our ,libraries4 ,however so affected ,i am therewith1 that ,i wish there had been more of it3 and a larger ,volume of that ,divine ,piece which leaveth such welcome impressions1 and somewhat more1 in the ,readers1 than the words and sense after it4 ,at least1 who would not be glad that many things barely hinted were at large delivered in it8 ,the particulars of the ,dispute between the ,doctours and our ,saviour could not but be welcome to them1 who have every word in honour which proceeded from his mouth1 or was otherwise delivered by him3 and so would be glad to be assured what he wrote with his ,finger on the ground3 ,but especially to have a particular of that instructing ,narration or ,discourse which he made unto the ,disciples after his resurrection1 where 'tis said ,,sn3 ,luke #bd4 #bg43 ,and beginning at ,moses1 and all the ,prophets1 he expounded unto them in all the ,scriptures the things concerning himself4 ,but to omit ,theological obscurities1 you must needs observe that most ,sciences do seem to have something more nearly to consider in the expressions of the ,scripture4 ,astronomers find therein the ,names but of few ,stars1 scarce so many as in ,achilles his ,buckler in ,homer1 and almost the very same4 ,but in some passages of the ,old ,testament they think they discover the ,zodiacal course of the ,sun3 and they1 also1 conceive an ,astronomical sense in that elegant expression of ,s4 ,james,,sn3 ,jam4 #a4 #ag4 concerning the father of lights1 with whom there is no variableness1 neither shadow of turning3 and therein an allowable allusion unto the tropical conversion of the ,sun1 whereby ensueth a variation of heat1 light1 and also of shadows from it4 ,but whether the ,stell erratic1 or wandring ,stars in ,s4 ,jude1 may be referr'd to the celestial ,planets1 or some meteorological wandring ,stars1 ,ignes fatui1 ,stell cadentes et erratic1 or had any allusion unto the ,impostour ,barchochebas1 or ,stell ,filius1 who afterward appeared1 and wandred about in the time of ,adrianus1 they leave unto conjecture4 ,chirurgions may find their whole ,art in that one passage1 concerning the ,rib which ,god took out of ,adam1 that is their diairesis in opening the ,flesh1 exairesis in taking out the ,rib1 and synthesis in closing and healing the part again4 ,rhetoricians and ,oratours take singular notice of very many excellent passages1 stately metaphors1 noble tropes and elegant expressions1 not to be found or parallel'd in any other ,authour4 ,mineralists look earnestly into the twenty eighth of ,job1 take special notice of the early artifice in ,brass and ,iron under ,tubal-,cain3 ,and find also mention of ,gold1 ,silver1 ,brass1 ,tin1 ,lead1 ,iron2 beside ,refining1 ,sodering1 ,dross1 ,nitre1 ,saltpits1 and in some manner also of ,antimony4#ahh #ahh ,depinxit oculos stibio4 #b ,kings #i4 #cj4 ,jerem4 #d4 #cj4 ,ezek4 #bc4 #dj4 ,gemmarie ,naturalists reade diligently the pretious ,stones in the holy ,city of the ,apocalypse3 examine the ,breast-plate of ,aaron1 and various ,gemms upon it1 and think the second ,row the nobler of the four3 they wonder to find the ,art of ,ingravery so ancient upon pretious ,stones and ,signets2 together with the ancient use of ,ear-rings and ,bracelets4 ,and are pleased to find ,pearl1 ,coral1 ,amber and ,crystal in those sacred ,leaves1 according to our ,translation4 ,and when they often meet with ,flints and ,marbles1 cannot but take notice that there is no mention of the ,magnet or ,loadstone1 which in so many similitudes1 comparisons1 and allusions1 could hardly have been omitted in the ,works of ,solomon3 if it were true that he knew either the attractive or directive power thereof1 as some have believed4 ,navigatours consider the ,ark1 which was pitched without and within1 and could endure the ,ocean without ,mast or ,sails3 ,they take special notice of the twenty seventh of ,ezekiel2 the mighty ,traffick and great ,navigation of ,tyre1 with particular mention of their ,sails1 their ,masts of ,cedar1 ,oars of ,oak1 their skilfull ,pilots1 ,mariners and ,calkers2 as also of the long ,voyages of the ,fleets of ,solomon2 of ,jehosaphat's ,ships broken at ,ezion-,geber2 of the notable ,voyage and ,shipwreck of ,s4 ,paul1 so accurately delivered in the ,acts4 ,oneirocritical ,diviners apprehend some hints of their knowledge1 even from ,divine ,dreams2 while they take notice of the ,dreams of ,joseph1 ,pharaoh1 ,nebuchadnezzar1 and the ,angels on ,jacob's ,ladder2 and find1 in ,artemidorus and ,achmetes1 that ,ladders signifie ,travels1 and the ,scales thereof ,preferment2 and that ,oxen ,lean and ,fat naturally denote ,scarcity or ,plenty1 and the successes of ,agriculture4 ,physiognomists will largely put in from very many passages of ,scripture4 ,and when they find in ,aristotle1 quibus frons quadrangula1 commensurata1 fortes1 referuntur ad leones1 cannot but take special notice of that expression concerning the ,gadites2 mighty men of war1 fit for battel1 whose faces were as the faces of lyons4 ,geometrical and ,architectonical ,artists look narrowly upon the description of the ,ark1 the fabrick of the ,temple1 and the holy ,city in the ,apocalypse4 ,but the ,botanical ,artist meets every where with ,vegetables1 and from the ,figg ,leaf in ,genesis to the ,star ,wormwood in the ,apocalypse1 are variously interspersed expressions from ,plants1 elegantly advantaging the significancy of the ,text3 ,whereof many being delivered in a ,language proper unto ,juda and neighbour ,countries are imperfectly apprehended by the common ,reader1 and now doubtfully made out1 even by the ,jewish ,expositour4 ,and even in those which are confessedly known1 the elegancy is often lost in the apprehension of the ,reader1 unacquainted with such ,vegetables1 or but nakedly knowing their natures3 whereof holding a pertinent apprehension1 you cannot pass over such expressions without some doubt or want of satisfaction in your judgment4 ,hereof we shall onely hint or discourse some few which ,i could not but take notice of in the reading of holy ,scripture4 ,many ,plants are mention'd in ,scripture which are not distinctly known in our ,countries1 or under such ,names in the ,original1 as they are fain to be rendred by analogy1 or by the name of ,vegetables of good affinity unto them1 and so maintain the textual sense1 though in some variation from identity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sidenote3 ,the ,observations4 ,kikaion4 #a4 ,the ,plant which afforded a shade unto ,jonah1#ahi mention'd by the name of ,kikaion1 and still retained at least marginally in some ,translations1 to avoid obscurity ,jerome rendred ,hedera or ,ivy2 which notwithstanding 7except in its scandent nature7 agreed not fully with the other1 that is1 to grow up in a night1 or be consumed with a ,worm2 ,ivy being of no swift growth1 little subject unto ,worms1 and a scarce ,plant about ,babylon4 #ahi ,jona #d4 #f4 a ,gourd4 ,sidenote3 ,hyssope4 #b4 ,that ,hyssope is taken for that ,plant which cleansed the ,leper1 being a well scented1 and very abstersive ,simple1 may well be admitted2 so we be not too confident1 that it is strictly the same with our common ,hyssope3 ,the ,hyssope of those parts differing from that of ours2 as ,bellonius hath observed in the ,hyssope which grows in ,juda1 and the ,hyssope of the ,wall mention'd in the ,works of ,solomon1 no kind of our ,hyssope2 and may tolerably be taken for some kind of minor ,capillary1 which best makes out the ,antithesis with the ,cedar4 ,nor when we meet with ,libanotis1 is it to be conceived our common ,rosemary1 which is rather the first kind thereof among several others1 used by the ,ancients4 ,sidenote3 ,hemlock4 ,hosea #aj4 #d4 ,amos #f4 #b4 #c4 ,that it must be taken for ,hemlock1 which is twice so rendred in our ,translation1 will hardly be made out1 otherwise than in the intended sense1 and implying some ,plant1 wherein bitterness or a poisonous quality is considerable4 ,sidenote3 ,paliurus4 #d4 ,what ,tremelius rendreth ,spina1 and the ,vulgar ,translation ,paliurus1 and others make some kind of ,rhamnus1 is allowable in the sense2 and we contend not about the species1 since they are known ,thorns in those ,countries1 and in our ,fields or ,gardens among us3 and so common in ,juda1 that men conclude the thorny ,crown of our ,saviour was made either of ,paliurus or ,rhamnus4 ,sidenote3 ,rubus4 #e4 ,whether the ,bush which burnt and consumed not1 were properly a ,rubus or ,bramble1 was somewhat doubtfull from the ,original and some ,translations1 had not the ,evangelist1 and ,s4 ,paul express'd the same by the ,greek word ,batos1 which from the description of ,dioscorides1 ,herbarists accept for ,rubus2 although the same word ,batos expresseth not onely the ,rubus or kinds of ,bramble1 but other ,thorn-bushes1 and the ,hipp-briar is also named ,kynosbatos1 or the ,dog-briar or ,bramble4 ,sidenote3 ,myrica4 ,cant4 #a4 #ad4 #f4 ,that ,myrica is rendred1 ,heath1 sounds instructively enough to our ears1 who behold that ,plant so common in barren ,plains among us3 ,but you cannot but take notice that ,erica1 or our ,heath is not the same ,plant with ,myrica or ,tammarice1 described by ,theophrastus and ,dioscorides1 and which ,bellonius declareth to grow so plentifully in the ,desarts of ,juda and ,arabia4 ,sidenote3 ,cypress4 ,cant4 #a4 #ad4 #g4 ,that the botrys ts ,kyprou1 botrus ,cypri1 or ,clusters of ,cypress1 should have any reference to the ,cypress ,tree1 according to the original ,copher1 or ,clusters of the noble ,vine of ,cyprus1 which might be planted into ,juda1 may seem to others allowable in some latitude4 ,but there seeming some noble ,odour to be implied in this place1 you may probably conceive that the expression drives at the ,kypros of ,dioscorides1 some oriental kind of ,ligustrum or ,alcharma1 which ,dioscorides and ,pliny mention under the name of ,kypros and ,cyprus1 and to grow about gypt and ,ascalon1 producing a sweet and odorate bush of ,flowers1 and out of which was made the famous ,oleum ,cyprinum4 ,but why it should be rendred ,camphyre your judgment cannot but doubt1 who know that our ,camphyre was unknown unto the ,ancients1 and no ingredient into any composition of great ,antiquity3 that learned men long conceived it a bituminous and fossile ,body1 and our latest experience discovereth it to be the resinous substance of a ,tree1 in ,borneo and ,china2 and that the ,camphyre that we use is a neat preparation of the same4 ,sidenote3 ,shittah ,tree1 etc4 ,isa4 #da4 #ai4 #h4 ,when 'tis said in ,isaiah #da4 ,i will plant in the wilderness the ,cedar1 the ,shittah ,tree1 and the ,myrtle and the ,oil ,tree1 ,i will set in the ,desart1 the ,firre ,tree1 and the ,pine1 and the ,box ,tree3 ,though some doubt may be made of the ,shittah ,tree1 yet all these ,trees here mentioned being such as are ever green1 you will more emphatically apprehend the mercifull meaning of ,god in this mention of no fading1 but always verdant ,trees in dry and desart places4 ,sidenote3 ,grapes of ,eshcol4 ,num4 #ac4 #bc4 #i4 ,and they cut down a ,branch with one cluster of ,grapes1 and they bare it between two upon a ,staff1 and they brought ,pomegranates and ,figgs4 ,this cluster of ,grapes brought upon a ,staff by the ,spies1 was an incredible sight1 in ,philo ,judus1#aij seem'd notable in the eyes of the ,israelites1 but more wonderfull in our own1 who look onely upon ,northern ,vines4 ,but herein you are like to consider1 that the ,cluster was thus carefully carried to represent it entire1 without bruising or breaking2 that this was not one ,bunch but an extraordinary ,cluster1 made up of many depending upon one gross stalk4 ,and however1 might be parallel'd with the ,eastern ,clusters of ,margiana and ,caramania1 if we allow but half the expressions of ,pliny and ,strabo1 whereof one would lade a ,curry or small ,cart2 and may be made out by the clusters of the ,grapes of ,rhodes presented unto ,duke ,radzivil#aia each containing three parts of an ,ell in compass1 and the ,grapes as big as ,prunes4 #aij apistos thea4 ,philo4 #aia ,radzivil in his ,travels4 ,sidenote3 ,ingred4 of holy ,perfume4 ,stacte1 etc4 ,exod4 #cj4cd1 #ce4 #aj4 ,some things may be doubted in the species of the holy ,ointment and ,perfume4 ,with ,amber1 ,musk and ,civet we meet not in the ,scripture1 nor any ,odours from ,animals2 except we take the ,onycha of that ,perfume for the ,covercle of a ,shell-fish called ,unguis ,odoratus1 or ,blatta ,byzantina1 which ,dioscorides affirmeth to be taken from a ,shell-fish of the ,indian ,lakes1 which feeding upon the ,aromatical ,plants is gathered when the ,lakes are drie4 ,but whether that which we now call ,blatta ,byzantina1 or ,unguis ,odoratus1 be the same with that odorate one of ,antiquity1 great doubt may be made2 since ,dioscorides saith it smelled like ,castoreum1 and that which we now have is of an ungratefull odour4 ,no little doubt may be also made of ,galbanum prescribed in the same ,perfume1 if we take it for ,galbanum which is of common use among us1 approaching the evil scent of ,assa ,foetida2 and not rather for ,galbanum of good odour1 as the adjoining words declare1 and the original ,chelbena will bear2 which implies a fat or resinous substance1 that which is commonly known among us being properly a gummous body and dissoluble also in ,water4 ,the holy ,ointment of ,stacte or pure ,myrrh1 distilling from the ,plant without expression or firing1 of ,cinnamon1 ,cassia and ,calamus1 containeth less questionable species1 if the ,cinnamon of the ,ancients were the same with ours1 or managed after the same manner4 ,for thereof ,dioscorides made his noble ,unguent4 ,and ,cinnamon was so highly valued by ,princes1 that ,cleopatra carried it unto her ,sepulchre with her ,jewels2 which was also kept in wooden ,boxes among the rarities of ,kings3 and was of such a lasting nature1 that at his composing of ,treacle for the ,emperor ,severus1 ,galen made use of some which had been laid up by ,adrianus4 ,sidenote3 ,husks eaten by the ,prodigal4 ,luke #ae4 #af4 #aa4 ,that the ,prodigal ,son desired to eat of ,husks given unto ,swine1 will hardly pass in your apprehension for the ,husks of ,pease1 ,beans1 or such edulious ,pulses2 as well understanding that the textual word ,keration or ,ceration1 properly intendeth the ,fruit of the ,siliqua ,tree so common in ,syria1 and fed upon by ,men and ,beasts2 called also by some the ,fruit of the ,locust ,tree1 and ,panis ,sancti ,johannis1 as conceiving it to have been part of the ,diet of the ,baptist in the ,desart4 ,the ,tree and ,fruit is not onely common in ,syria and the ,eastern parts1 but also well known in ,apuglia1 and the ,kingdom of ,naples1 growing along the ,via ,appia1 from ,fundi unto ,mola2 the hard ,cods or ,husks making a rattling noise in windy weather1 by beating against one another3 called by the ,italians ,carobe or ,carobole1 and by the ,french ,carouges4 ,with the sweet ,pulp hereof some conceive that the ,indians preserve ,ginger1 ,mirabolans and ,nutmegs4 ,of the same 7as ,pliny delivers7 the ,ancients made one kind of ,wine1 strongly expressing the ,juice thereof2 and so they might after give the expressed and less usefull part of the ,cods1 and remaining ,pulp unto their ,swine3 which being no gustless or unsatisfying ,offal1 might be well desired by the ,prodigal in his hunger4 ,sidenote3 ,cucumbers etc4 of gypt4 #ab4 ,no marvel it is that the ,israelites having lived long in a well watred ,country1 and been acquainted with the noble ,water of ,nilus1 should complain for ,water in the dry and barren ,wilderness4 ,more remarkable it seems that they should extoll and linger after the ,cucumbers and ,leeks1 ,onions and ,garlick in gypt3 wherein notwithstanding lies a pertinent expression of the ,diet of that ,country in ancient times1 even as high as the building of the ,pyramids1 when ,herodotus delivereth1 that so many ,talents were spent in ,onions and ,garlick1 for the ,food of ,labourers and ,artificers2 and is also answerable unto their present plentifull ,diet in ,cucumbers1 and the great varieties thereof1 as testified by ,prosper ,alpinus1 who spent many years in gypt4 ,sidenote3 ,forbidden ,fruit4 ,gen4 #b4 #ag4 etc4 #ac4 ,what ,fruit that was which our first ,parents tasted in ,paradise1 from the disputes of learned men seems yet indeterminable4 ,more clear it is that they cover'd their nakedness or secret parts with ,figg ,leaves2 which when ,i reade1 ,i cannot but call to mind the several considerations which ,antiquity had of the ,figg ,tree1 in reference unto those parts1 particularly how ,figg ,leaves by sundry ,authours are described to have some resemblance unto the ,genitals1 and so were aptly formed for such contection of those parts2 how also in that famous ,statua of ,praxiteles1 concerning ,alexander and ,bucephalus1 the ,secret ,parts are veil'd with ,figg ,leaves2 how this ,tree was sacred unto ,priapus1 and how the ,diseases of the ,secret ,parts have derived their ,name from ,figgs4 ,sidenote3 ,balsam4 ,oil4 ,luke #aj4 #cd4 #ad4 ,that the good ,samaritan coming from ,jericho used any of the ,judean ,balsam upon the wounded ,traveller1 is not to be made out1 and we are unwilling to disparage his charitable ,surgery in pouring ,oil into a green ,wound2 and therefore when 'tis said he used ,oil and ,wine1 may rather conceive that he made an ,oinelum or medicine of ,oil and ,wine beaten up and mixed together1 which was no improper ,medicine1 and is an ,art now lately studied by some so to incorporate ,wine and ,oil that they may lastingly hold together1 which some pretend to have1 and call it ,oleum ,samaritanum1 or ,samaritans ,oil4 ,sidenote3 ,pulse of ,daniel4 ,dan4 #a4 #ab4 #ae4 ,when ,daniel would not pollute himself with the ,diet of the ,babylonians1 he probably declined ,pagan commensation1 or to eat of ,meats forbidden to the ,jews1 though common at their ,tables1 or so much as to taste of their ,gentile ,immolations1 and ,sacrifices abominable unto his ,palate4 ,but when 'tis said that he made choice of the ,diet of ,pulse and ,water1 whether he strictly confined unto a leguminous ,food1 according to the ,vulgar ,translation1 some doubt may be raised1 from the original word ,zeragnim1 which signifies ,seminalia1 and is so set down in the ,margin of ,arias ,montanus2 and the ,greek word ,spermata1 generally expressing ,seeds1 may signifie any edulious or cerealious ,grains besides ospria or leguminous ,seeds4 ,yet if he strictly made choice of a leguminous ,food1 and ,water instead of his portion from the ,king's ,table1 he handsomely declined the ,diet which might have been put upon him1 and particularly that which was called the ,potibasis of the ,king1 which as ,athenus informeth implied the ,bread of the ,king1 made of ,barley1 and ,wheat1 and the ,wine of ,cyprus1 which he drank in an oval ,cup4 ,and therefore distinctly from that he chose plain ,fare of ,water1 and the gross ,diet of ,pulse1 and that perhaps not made into ,bread1 but parched1 and tempered with ,water4 ,now that herein 7beside the special benediction of ,god7 he made choice of no improper ,diet to keep himself fair and plump and so to excuse the ,eunuch his ,keeper1 ,physicians will not deny1 who acknowledge a very nutritive and impinguating faculty in ,pulses1 in leguminous ,food1 and in several sorts of ,grains and ,corns1 is not like to be doubted by such who consider that this was probably a great part of the ,food of our ,forefathers before the ,floud1 the ,diet also of ,jacob3 and that the ,romans 7called therefore ,pultifagi7 fed much on ,pulse for six hundred years2 that they had no ,bakers for that time3 and their ,pistours were such as1 before the use of ,mills1 beat out and cleansed their ,corn4 ,as also that the ,athletick ,diet was of ,pulse1 ,alphiton1 ,maza1 ,barley and ,water2 whereby they were advantaged sometimes to an exquisite state of health1 and such as was not without danger4 ,and therefore though ,daniel were no ,eunuch1 and of a more fatning and thriving temper1 as some have phancied1 yet was he by this kind of ,diet1 sufficiently maintained in a fair and carnous state of ,body1 and accordingly his ,picture not improperly drawn1 that is1 not meagre and lean1 like ,jeremy's1 but plump and fair1 answerable to the most authentick draught of the ,vatican1 and the late ,german ,luther's ,bible4 ,the ,cynicks in ,athenus make iterated ,courses of ,lentils1 and prefer that ,diet before the ,luxury of ,seleucus4 ,the present gyptians1 who are observed by ,alpinus to be the fattest ,nation1 and ,men to have breasts like ,women1 owe much1 as he conceiveth1 unto the ,water of ,nile1 and their ,diet of ,rice1 ,pease1 ,lentils and white ,cicers4 ,the ,pulse-eating ,cynicks and ,stoicks1 are all very long livers in ,laertius4 ,and ,daniel must not be accounted of few years1 who1 being carried away ,captive in the ,reign of ,joachim1 by ,king ,nebuchadnezzar1 lived1 by ,scripture account1 unto the first year of ,cyrus4 ,sidenote3 ,jacob's ,rods4 ,gen4 #cj4 #ca4 #af4 ,and ,jacob took ,rods of green ,poplar1 and of the ,hazel and the ,chesnut ,tree1 and pilled white streaks in them1 and made the white appear which was in the ,rods1 etc4 ,men multiply the ,philosophy of ,jacob1 who1 beside the benediction of ,god1 and the powerfull effects of imagination1 raised in the ,goats and ,sheep from pilled and party-coloured objects1 conceive that he chose out these particular ,plants above any other1 because he understood they had a particular virtue unto the intended effects1 according unto the conception of ,georgius ,venetus4#aib #aib ,g4 ,venetus ,problem #bjj4 ,whereto you will hardly assent1 at least till you be better satisfied and assured concerning the true species of the ,plants intended in the ,text1 or find a clearer consent and uniformity in the ,translation3 ,for what we render ,poplar1 ,hazel and ,chesnut1 the ,greek translateth ,virgam styracinam1 nucinam1 plataninam1 which some also render a ,pomegranate3 and so observing this variety of interpretations concerning common and known ,plants among us1 you may more reasonably doubt1 with what propriety or assurance others less known be sometimes rendred unto us4 ,sidenote3 ,lilies of the ,field4 ,matt4 #f4 #bh4 #ag4 ,whether in the ,sermon of the ,mount1 the ,lilies of the ,field did point at the proper ,lilies1 or whether those ,flowers grew wild in the place where our ,saviour preached1 some doubt may be made3 because ,krinon the word in that place is accounted of the same signification with ,leirion1 and that in ,homer is taken for all manner of specious ,flowers3 so received by ,eustachius1 ,hesychius1 and the ,scholiast upon ,apollonius ,rhodius1 ,katholou ta anth ,leiria legetai4 ,and ,krinon is also received in the same latitude1 not signifying onely ,lilies1 but applied unto ,daffodils1 ,hyacinths1 ,iris's1 and the ,flowers of ,colocynthis4 ,under the like latitude of acception1 are many expressions in the ,canticles to be received4 ,and when it is said he feedeth among the ,lilies1 therein may be also implied other specious ,flowers1 not excluding the proper ,lilies4 ,but in that expression1 the ,lilies drop forth ,myrrhe1 neither proper ,lilies nor proper ,myrrhe can be apprehended1 the one not proceeding from the other1 but may be received in a ,metaphorical sense3 and in some latitude may be also made out from the roscid and honey drops observable in the ,flowers of ,martagon1 and inverted flowred ,lilies1 and1 'tis like1 is the standing sweet ,dew on the white eyes of the ,crown ,imperial1 now common among us4 ,and the proper ,lily may be intended in that expression of #a ,kings #g4 that the brazen ,sea was of the thickness of a hand breadth1 and the brim like a ,lily4 ,for the figure of that ,flower being round at the bottom1 and somewhat repandous1 or inverted at the top1 doth handsomely illustrate the comparison4 ,but that the ,lily of the ,valley1 mention'd in the ,canticles,,sn3 ,cant4 #b41 ,i am the ,rose of ,sharon1 and the ,lily of the ,valleys1 is that ,vegetable which passeth under the same name with us1 that is ,lilium convallium1 or the ,may ,lily1 you will more hardly believe1 who know with what insatisfaction the most learned ,botanists reduce that ,plant unto any described by the ,ancients2 that ,anguillara will have it to be the ,oenanthe of ,athenus1 ,cordus the ,pothos of ,theophrastus2 and ,lobelius that the ,greeks had not described it2 who find not six ,leaves in the ,flower agreeably to all ,lilies1 but onely six small divisions in the ,flower1 who find it also to have a single1 and no bulbous ,root1 nor ,leaves shooting about the bottom1 nor the ,stalk round1 but angular4 ,and that the learned ,bauhinus hath not placed it in the ,classis of ,lilies1 but nervifolious ,plants4 ,sidenote3 ,fitches1 ,cummin1 c4 in ,isa4 #bh4 #be #ah4 ,doth he not cast abroad the ,fitches1 and scatter the ,cummin ,seed1 and cast in the principal ,wheat1 and the appointed ,barley1 and the ,rye in their place3 ,herein though the sense may hold under the names assigned1 yet is it not so easie to determine the particular ,seeds and ,grains1 where the obscure original causeth such differing ,translations4 ,for in the ,vulgar we meet with ,milium and ,gith1 which our ,translation declineth1 placing ,fitches for ,gith1 and ,rye for ,milium or ,millet1 which notwithstanding is retained by the ,dutch4 ,that it might be ,melanthium1 ,nigella1 or ,gith1 may be allowably apprehended1 from the frequent use of the ,seed thereof among the ,jews and other ,nations1 as also from the ,translation of ,tremellius2 and the ,original implying a black ,seed1 which is less than ,cummin1 as1 out of ,aben ,ezra1 ,buxtorfius hath expounded it4 ,but whereas ,milium or ,kenchros of the ,septuagint is by ours rendred ,rye1 there is little similitude or affinity between those ,grains2 ,for ,milium is more agreeable unto ,spelta or ,espaut1 as the ,dutch and others still render it4 ,that we meet so often with ,cummin ,seed in many parts of ,scripture in reference unto ,juda1 a ,seed so abominable at present unto our ,palates and ,nostrils1 will not seem strange unto any who consider the frequent use thereof among the ,ancients1 not onely in medical but dietetical use and practice3 ,for their ,dishes were filled therewith1 and the noblest festival preparations in ,apicius were not without it3 ,and even in the ,polenta1 and parched ,corn1 the old ,diet of the ,romans1 7as ,pliny recordeth7 unto every ,measure they mixed a small proportion of ,lin-seed and ,cummin-seed4 ,and so ,cummin is justly set down among things of vulgar and common use1 when it is said in ,matthew #bc4 v4 #bc4 ,you pay ,tithe of ,mint1 ,annise and ,cummin3 but how to make out the translation of ,annise we are still to seek1 there being no word in that ,text which properly signifieth ,annise3 the ,original being ,anthon1 which the ,latins call ,anethum1 and is properly englished ,dill4 ,that among many expressions1 allusions and illustrations made in ,scripture from ,corns1 there is no mention made of ,oats1 so usefull a ,grain among us1 will not seem very strange unto you1 till you can clearly discover that it was a ,grain of ordinary use in those parts2 who may also find that ,theophrastus1 who is large about other ,grains1 delivers very little of it4 ,that ,dioscorides is also very short therein4 ,and ,galen delivers that it was of some use in ,asia minor1 especially in ,mysia1 and that rather for ,beasts than ,men3 ,and ,pliny affirmeth that the ,pulticula thereof was most in use among the ,germans4 ,yet that the ,jews were not without all use of this ,grain seems confirmable from the ,rabbinical account1 who reckon five ,grains liable unto their ,offerings1 whereof the ,cake presented might be made2 that is1 ,wheat1 ,oats1 ,rye1 and two sorts of ,barley4 ,sidenote3 ,ears of ,corn4 ,matt4 #ab4 #a4 #ai4 ,why the ,disciples being hungry pluck'd the ,ears of ,corn1 it seems strange to us1 who observe that men half starved betake not themselves to such supply2 except we consider the ancient ,diet of ,alphiton and ,polenta1 the ,meal of dried and parched ,corn1 or that which was mlysis1 or ,meal of crude and unparched ,corn1 wherewith they being well acquainted1 might hope for some satisfaction from the ,corn yet in the ,husk2 that is1 from the nourishing pulp or mealy part within it4 ,sidenote3 ,stubble of gypt ,exod4 #e4g1 etc4 #bj4 ,the inhumane oppression of the gyptian ,task-masters1 who1 not content with the common tale of ,brick1 took also from the ,children of ,israel their allowance of ,straw1 and forced them to gather ,stubble where they could find it1 will be more nearly apprehended1 if we consider how hard it was to acquire any quantity of ,stubble in gypt1 where the ,stalk of ,corn was so short1 that to acquire an ordinary measure1 it required more than ordinary labour2 as is discoverable from that account1 which ,pliny#aic hath happily left unto us4 ,in the ,corn gather'd in gypt the ,straw is never a ,cubit long3 because the ,seed lieth very shallow1 and hath no other nourishment than from the ,mudd and ,slime left by the ,river2 ,for under it is nothing but ,sand and ,gravel4 #aic ,lib4 #ah4 ,nat4 ,hist4 ,so that the expression of ,scripture is more ,emphatical than is commonly apprehended1 when 'tis said1 ,the people were scattered abroad through all the ,land of gypt to gather ,stubble instead of ,straw4 ,for the ,stubble being very short1 the acquist was difficult2 a few ,fields afforded it not1 and they were fain to wander far to obtain a sufficient quantity of it4 ,sidenote3 ,flowers of the ,vine4 ,cant4 #b4 #ac4 #ba4 ,it is said in the ,song of ,solomon1 that the ,vines with the tender ,grape give a good smell4 ,that the ,flowers of the ,vine should be ,emphatically noted to give a pleasant smell1 seems hard unto our ,northern ,nostrils1 which discover not such ,odours1 and smell them not in full ,vineyards2 whereas in hot ,regions1 and more spread and digested ,flowers1 a sweet savour may be allowed1 denotable from several humane expressions1 and the practice of the ,ancients1 in putting the dried ,flowers of the ,vine into new ,wine to give it a pure and flosculous race or spirit1 which ,wine was therefore called ,oinathinon1 allowing unto every ,cadus two pounds of dried ,flowers4 ,and1 therefore1 the ,vine flowering but in the ,spring1 it cannot but seem an impertinent objection of the ,jews1 that the ,apostles were full of new ,wine at ,pentecost when it was not to be found4 ,wherefore we may rather conceive that the word ,gleuky#aid in that place implied not new ,wine or ,must1 but some generous strong and sweet ,wine1 wherein more especially lay the power of inebriation4 #aid ,acts #b4 #ac4 ,but if it be to be taken for some kind of ,must1 it might be some kind of ,aeigleukos1 or long-lasting ,must1 which might be had at any time of the year1 and which1 as ,pliny delivereth1 they made by hindring1 and keeping the ,must from fermentation or working1 and so it kept soft and sweet for no small time after4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,olive ,leaf in ,gen4 #h4 #aa4 #bb4 ,when the ,dove1 sent out of the ,ark1 return'd with a green ,olive ,leaf1 according to the ,original3 how the ,leaf1 after ten ,months1 and under water1 should still maintain a verdure or greenness1 need not much amuse the ,reader1 if we consider that the ,olive ,tree is ,aeiphyllon1 or continually green2 that the ,leaves are of a bitter taste1 and of a fast and lasting substance4 ,since we also find fresh and green ,leaves among the ,olives which we receive from remote ,countries2 and since the ,plants at the bottom of the ,sea1 and on the sides of ,rocks1 maintain a deep and fresh verdure4 ,how the ,tree should stand so long in the ,deluge under ,water1 may partly be allowed from the uncertain determination of the ,flows and ,currents of that time1 and the qualification of the saltness of the ,sea1 by the admixture of fresh ,water1 when the whole watery ,element was together4 ,and it may be signally illustrated from the like examples in ,theophrastus#aie and ,pliny#aif in words to this effect3 ,even the ,sea affordeth ,shrubs and ,trees2 ,in the red ,sea whole ,woods do live1 namely of ,bays and ,olives bearing ,fruit4 ,the ,souldiers of ,alexander1 who sailed into ,india1 made report1 that the ,tides were so high in some ,islands1 that they overflowed1 and covered the ,woods1 as high as ,plane and ,poplar ,trees4 ,the lower sort wholly1 the greater all but the tops1 whereto the ,mariners fastned their ,vessels at high ,waters1 and at the root in the ,ebb2 ,that the ,leaves of these ,sea ,trees while under water looked green1 but taken out presently dried with the heat of the ,sun4 ,the like is delivered by ,theophrastus1 that some ,oaks do grow and bear ,acrons under the ,sea4 #aie ,theophrast4 ,hist4 ,lib4 #d4 ,cap4 #g4 #h4 #aif ,plin4 lib4 #ac4 cap4 ultimo4 ,sidenote3 ,grain of ,mustard-seed in ,s4 ,matt #ac4 #ca1 #cb4 #bc4 ,the ,kingdom of ,heaven is like to a grain of ,mustard-seed1 which a ,man took and sowed in his ,field1 which indeed is the least of all ,seeds2 but when 'tis grown is the greatest among ,herbs1 and becometh a ,tree1 so that the ,birds of the ,air come and lodge in the ,branches thereof4 ,luke #ac4 #ai4 ,it is like a grain of ,mustard-seed1 which a ,man took and cast it into his ,garden1 and it waxed a great ,tree1 and the ,fowls of the ,air lodged in the ,branches thereof4 ,this expression by a grain of ,mustard-seed1 will not seem so strange unto you1 who well consider it4 ,that it is simply the least of ,seeds1 you cannot apprehend1 if you have beheld the ,seeds of ,rapunculus1 ,marjorane1 ,tobacco1 and the smallest ,seed of ,lunaria4 ,but you may well understand it to be the smallest ,seed among ,herbs which produce so big a ,plant1 or the least of herbal ,plants1 which arise unto such a proportion1 implied in the expression2 the smallest of ,seeds1 and becometh the greatest of ,herbs4 ,and you may also grant that it is the smallest of ,seeds of ,plants apt to dendrizein1 arborescere1 fruticescere1 or to grow unto a ligneous substance1 and from an herby and oleraceous ,vegetable1 to become a kind of ,tree1 and to be accounted among the ,dendrolachana1 or ,arboroleracea2 as upon strong ,seed1 ,culture and good ,ground1 is observable in some ,cabbages1 ,mallows1 and many more1 and therefore expressed by ginetai to dendron1 and ginetai eis to dendron1 it becometh a ,tree1 or arborescit1 as ,beza rendreth it4 ,nor if warily considered doth the expression contain such difficulty4 ,for the ,parable may not ground it self upon generals1 or imply any or every grain of ,mustard1 but point at such a grain as from its fertile spirit1 and other concurrent advantages1 hath the success to become arboreous1 shoot into such a magnitude1 and acquire the like tallness4 ,and unto such a ,grain the ,kingdom of ,heaven is likened which from such slender beginnings shall find such increase and grandeur4 ,the expression also that it might grow into such dimensions that ,birds might lodge in the ,branches thereof1 may be literally conceived2 if we allow the luxuriancy of plants in ,juda1 above our ,northern ,regions2 ,if we accept of but half the ,story taken notice of by ,tremellius1 from the ,jerusalem ,talmud1 of a ,mustard ,tree that was to be climbed like a ,figg ,tree2 and of another1 under whose shade a ,potter daily wrought3 and it may somewhat abate our doubts1 if we take in the advertisement of ,herodotus concerning lesser ,plants of ,milium and ,sesamum in the ,babylonian ,soil3 ,milium ac ,sesamum in proceritatem instar arborum crescere1 etsi mihi compertum1 tamen memorare supersedeo1 prob sciens cis qui nunquam ,babyloniam regionem adierunt perquam incredibile visum iri4 ,we may likewise consider that the word katasknsai doth not necessarily signifie making a ,nest1 but rather sitting1 roosting1 covering and resting in the ,boughs1 according as the same word is used by the ,septuagint in other places#aig as the ,vulgar rendreth it in this1 inhabitant1 as our ,translation1 lodgeth1 and the ,rhemish1 resteth in the ,branches4 #aig ,dan4 #d4 #i4 ,ps4 #a4 #ad4 #ab4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,rod of ,aaron4 ,numb4 #ag4 #h4 #bd4 ,and it came to pass that on the morrow ,moses went into the ,tabernacle of witness1 and behold the ,rod of ,aaron for the ,house of ,levi was budded1 and brought forth ,buds1 and bloomed ,blossomes1 and yielded ,almonds4 ,in the contention of the ,tribes and decision of priority and primogeniture of ,aaron1 declared by the ,rod1 which in a night budded1 flowred and brought forth ,almonds1 you cannot but apprehend a propriety in the ,miracle from that species of ,tree which leadeth in the ,vernal germination of the year1 unto all the ,classes of ,trees2 and so apprehend how properly in a night and short space of time the ,miracle arose1 and somewhat answerable unto its nature the ,flowers and ,fruit appeared in this precocious ,tree1 and whose original ,name#aih implies such speedy efflorescence1 as in its proper nature flowering in ,february1 and shewing its ,fruit in ,march4 #aih ,sbacher from ,sbachar festinus fuit or maturuit4 ,this consideration of that ,tree maketh the expression in ,jeremy,,sn3 ,jer4 #a4 #aa4 more ,emphatical1 when 'tis said1 ,what seest thou8 and he said1 ,a ,rod of an ,almond ,tree4 ,then said the ,lord unto me1 ,thou hast well seen1 for ,i will hasten the ,word to perform it4 ,i will be quick and forward like the ,almond ,tree1 to produce the effects of my word1 and hasten to display my judgments upon them4 ,and we may hereby more easily apprehend the expression in ,ecclesiastes ,,sn3 ,eccles4 #ab4 #e42 ,when the ,almond ,tree shall flourish4 ,that is when the ,head1 which is the prime part1 and first sheweth it self in the world1 shall grow white1 like the ,flowers of the ,almond ,tree1 whose ,fruit1 as ,athenus delivereth1 was first called ,karnon1 or the ,head1 from some resemblance and covering parts of it4 ,how properly the priority was confirmed by a ,rod or ,staff1 and why the ,rods and ,staffs of the ,princes were chosen for this decision1 ,philologists will consider4 ,for these were the badges1 signs and cognisances of their places1 and were a kind of ,sceptre in their hands1 denoting their supereminencies4 ,the ,staff of ,divinity is ordinarily described in the hands of ,gods and ,goddesses in old draughts4 ,trojan and ,grecian ,princes were not without the like1 whereof the ,shoulders of ,thersites felt from the hands of ,ulysses4 ,achilles in ,homer1 as by a desperate ,oath1 swears by his wooden ,sceptre1 which should never bud nor bear ,leaves again2 which seeming the greatest impossibility to him1 advanceth the ,miracle of ,aaron's ,rod4 ,and if it could be well made out that ,homer had seen the ,books of ,moses1 in that expression of ,achilles1 he might allude unto this ,miracle4 ,that power which proposed the experiment by ,blossomes in the ,rod1 added also the ,fruit of ,almonds2 the ,text not strictly making out the ,leaves1 and so omitting the middle germination3 the ,leaves properly coming after the ,flowers1 and before the ,almonds4 ,and therefore if you have well perused ,medals1 you cannot but observe how in the impress of many ,shekels1 which pass among us by the name of the ,jerusalem ,shekels1 the ,rod of ,aaron is improperly laden with many ,leaves1 whereas that which is shewn under the name of the ,samaritan ,shekel seems most conformable unto the ,text1 which describeth the ,fruit without ,leaves4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,vine in ,gen4 #di4 #aa4 #be4 ,binding his ,foal unto the ,vine1 and his ,asses ,colt unto the choice ,vine4 ,that ,vines1 which are commonly supported1 should grow so large and bulky1 as to be fit to fasten their ,juments1 and ,beasts of labour unto them1 may seem a hard expression unto many3 which notwithstanding may easily be admitted1 if we consider the account of ,pliny1 that in many places out of ,italy ,vines do grow without any stay or support3 nor will it be otherwise conceived of lusty ,vines1 if we call to mind how the same ,authour#aii delivereth1 that the ,statua of ,jupiter was made out of a ,vine2 and that out of one single ,cyprian ,vine a ,scale or ,ladder was made that reached unto the ,roof of the ,temple of ,diana at ,ephesus4 #aii ,plin4 lib4 #ad4 ,sidenote3 ,rose of ,jericho4 ,ecclus4 #bd4 #ad4 #bf4 ,i was exalted as a ,palm ,tree in ,engaddi1 and as a ,rose ,plant in ,jericho4 ,that the ,rose of ,jericho1 or that ,plant which passeth among us under that denomination1 was signified in this ,text1 you are not like to apprehend with some1 who also name it the ,rose of ,s4 ,mary1 and deliver1 that it openeth the ,branches1 and ,flowers upon the ,eve of our ,saviour's ,nativity3 ,but rather conceive it some proper kind of ,rose1 which thrived and prospered in ,jericho more than in the neighbour ,countries4 ,for our ,rose of ,jericho is a very low and hard ,plant1 a few inches above the ground2 one whereof brought from ,juda ,i have kept by me many years1 nothing resembling a ,rose ,tree1 either in ,flowers1 ,branches1 ,leaves or ,growth2 and so1 improper to answer the ,emphatical word of exaltation in the ,text3 growing not only about ,jericho1 but other parts of ,juda and ,arabia1 as ,bellonius hath observed3 which being a drie and ligneous ,plant1 is preserved many years1 and though crumpled and furdled up1 yet1 if infused in ,water1 will swell and display its parts4 ,sidenote3 ,turpentine ,tree in ,ecclus4 #bd4 #af4 #bg4 ,quasi ,terebinthus extendi ramos1 when it is said in the same ,chapter1 as a ,turpentine ,tree have ,i stretched out my ,branches3 it will not seem strange unto such as have either seen that ,tree1 or examined its description3 ,for it is a ,plant that widely displayeth its ,branches3 and though in some ,european ,countries it be but of a low and fruticeous growth1 yet ,pliny#bjj observeth that it is great in ,syria1 and so allowably1 or at least not improperly mentioned in the expression of ,hosea#bja according to the ,vulgar ,translation4 ,super capita montium sacrificant1 etc4 sub quercu1 populo et terebintho1 quoniam bona est umbra ejus4 ,and this diffusion and spreading of its ,branches1 hath afforded the ,proverb of ,terebintho stultior1 applicable unto arrogant or boasting persons1 who spread and display their own acts1 as ,erasmus hath observed4 #bjj ,terebinthus in ,macedonia fruticat1 in ,syria1 magna est4 ,lib4 #ac4 ,plin4 #bja ,hosea4 #d4 #ac4 ,sidenote3 ,pomegranate in #a ,sam4 #ad4 #b4 #bh4 ,it is said in our ,translation4 ,saul tarried in the uppermost parts of ,gibeah1 under a ,pomegranate ,tree which is in ,migron3 and the people which were with him were about six hundred men4 ,and when it is said in some ,latin ,translations1 ,saul morabatur fixo tentorio sub ,malogranato1 you will not be ready to take in the common literal sense1 who know that a ,pomegranate ,tree is but low of growth1 and very unfit to pitch a ,tent under it2 and may rather apprehend it as the name of a place1 or the ,rock of ,rimmon1 or ,pomegranate2 so named from ,pomegranates which grew there1 and which many think to have been the same place mentioned in ,judges4#bjb #bjb ,judges #bj4 #de1 #dg4 ,ch4 #ba4 #ac4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,green ,field in ,wisd4 #ai4 #g4 #bi4 ,it is said in the ,book of ,wisedom1 ,where water stood before1 drie land appeared1 and out of the red ,sea a way appeared without impediment1 and out of the violent streams a green ,field2 or as the ,latin renders it1 ,campus germinans de profundo3 whereby it seems implied that the ,israelites passed over a green ,field at the bottom of the ,sea3 and though most would have this but a ,metaphorical expression1 yet may it be literally tolerable2 and so may be safely apprehended by those that sensibly know what great number of ,vegetables 7as the several varieties of ,alga's1 ,sea ,lettuce1 ,phasganium1 ,conferua1 ,caulis ,marina1 ,abies1 ,erica1 ,tamarice1 divers sorts of ,muscus1 ,fucus1 ,quercus ,marina and ,corallins7 are found at the bottom of the ,sea4 ,since it is also now well known1 that the ,western ,ocean1 for many degrees1 is covered with ,sargasso or ,lenticula ,marina1 and found to arise from the bottom of that ,sea2 since1 upon the coast of ,provence by the ,isles of ,eres1 there is a part of the ,mediterranean ,sea1 called la ,prairie1 or the ,meadowy ,sea1 from the bottom thereof so plentifully covered with ,plants3 since vast heaps of ,weeds are found in the ,bellies of some ,whales taken in the ,northern ,ocean1 and at a great distance from the ,shore3 ,and since the providence of ,nature hath provided this shelter for minor ,fishes2 both for their spawn1 and safety of their young ones4 ,and this might be more peculiarly allowed to be spoken of the ,red ,sea1 since the ,hebrews named it ,suph1 or the ,weedy ,sea3 and1 also1 seeing ,theophrastus and ,pliny1 observing the growth of ,vegetables under water1 have made their chief illustrations from those in the ,red ,sea4 ,sidenote3 ,sycamore4 #cj4 ,you will readily discover how widely they are mistaken1 who accept the ,sycamore mention'd in several parts of ,scripture for the ,sycamore1 or ,tree of that denomination1 with us3 which is properly but one kind or difference of ,acer1 and bears no ,fruit with any resemblance unto a ,figg4 ,but you will rather1 thereby1 apprehend the true and genuine ,sycamore1 or ,sycaminus1 which is a stranger in our parts4 ,a ,tree 7according to the description of ,theophrastus1 ,dioscorides and ,galen7 resembling a ,mulberry ,tree in the ,leaf1 but in the ,fruit a ,figg2 which it produceth not in the ,twiggs but in the ,trunck or greater ,branches1 answerable to the ,sycamore of gypt1 the gyptian ,figg or ,giamez of the ,arabians1 described by ,prosper ,alpinus1 with a ,leaf somewhat broader than a ,mulberry1 and in its ,fruit like a ,figg4 ,insomuch that some have fancied it to have had its first production from a ,figg ,tree grafted on a ,mulberry4 ,it is a ,tree common in ,juda1 whereof they made frequent use in ,buildings2 and so understood1 it explaineth that expression in ,isaiah3#bjc ,sycamori excisi sunt1 ,cedros substituemus4 ,the ,bricks are fallen down1 we will build with hewen ,stones3 ,the ,sycamores are cut down1 but we will change them into ,cedars4 #bjc ,isa4 #i4 #aj ,it is a broad spreading ,tree1 not onely fit for ,walks1 ,groves and ,shade1 but also affording profit4 ,and therefore it is said that ,king ,david#bjd appointed ,baalhanan to be over his ,olive ,trees and ,sycamores1 which were in great plenty2 and it is accordingly delivered1#bje that ,solomon made ,cedars to be as the ,sycamore ,trees that are in the ,vale for abundance4 ,that is1 he planted many1 though they did not come to perfection in his days4 #bjd #a ,chron4 #bg4 #bh4 #bje #a ,king4 #aj4 #bg4 ,and as it grew plentifully about the ,plains1 so was the ,fruit good for ,food2 and1 as ,bellonius and late accounts deliver1 very refreshing unto ,travellers in those hot and drie ,countries3 whereby the expression of ,amos#bjf becomes more intelligible1 when he said he was an ,herdsman1 and a gatherer of ,sycamore ,fruit4 ,and the expression of ,david#bjg also becomes more ,emphatical2 ,he destroyed their ,vines with ,hail1 and their ,sycamore ,trees with ,frost4 ,that is1 their ,sicmoth in the ,original1 a word in the sound not far from the ,sycamore4 #bjf ,amos #g4 #ad4 #bjg ,psal4 #gh #dg4 ,thus when it is said1#bjh ,if ye had ,faith as a grain of ,mustard-seed1 ye might say unto this ,sycamine ,tree1 ,be thou plucked up by the roots1 and be thou placed in the ,sea1 and it should obey you3 it might be more significantly spoken of this ,sycamore2 this being described to be ,arbor vasta1 a large and well rooted ,tree1 whose removal was more difficult than many others4 ,and so the instance in that ,text1 is very properly made in the ,sycamore ,tree1 one of the largest and less removable ,trees among them4 ,a ,tree so lasting and well rooted1 that the ,sycamore which ,zacheus ascended1 is still shewn in ,juda unto ,travellers2 as also the hollow ,sycamore at ,matura in gypt1 where the blessed ,virgin is said to have remained3 which though it relisheth of the ,legend1 yet it plainly declareth what opinion they had of the lasting condition of that ,tree1 to countenance the ,tradition2 for which they might not be without some experience1 since the learned describer of the ,pyramides#bji observeth1 that the old gyptians made ,coffins of this ,wood1 which he found yet fresh and undecayed among divers of their ,mummies4 #bjh ,luk4 #ag4 #f4 #bji ,d4 ,greaves4 ,and thus1 also1 when ,zacheus climbed up into a ,sycamore above any other ,tree1 this being a large and fair one1 it cannot be denied that he made choice of a proper and advantageous ,tree to look down upon our ,saviour4 ,sidenote3 ,increase of ,seed #ajj4 fold in ,matt4 #ac4 #bc4 #ca4 ,whether the expression of our ,saviour in the ,parable of the ,sower1 and the increase of the ,seed unto thirty1 sixty and a hundred fold1 had any reference unto the ages of ,believers1 and measures of their ,faith1 as ,children1 ,young and ,old ,persons1 as to beginners1 well advanced and strongly confirmed ,christians1 as learned men have hinted2 or whether in this progressional assent there were any latent ,mysteries1 as the mystical ,interpreters of ,numbers may apprehend1 ,i pretend not to determine4 ,but1 how this multiplication may well be conceived1 and in what way apprehended1 and that this centesimal increase is not naturally strange1 you that are no stranger in ,agriculture1 old and new1 are not like to make great doubt4 ,that every ,grain should produce an ,ear affording an hundred ,grains1 is not like to be their conjecture who behold the growth of ,corn in our ,fields1 wherein a common ,grain doth produce far less in number4 ,for barley consisting but of two ,versus or ,rows1 seldom exceedeth twenty ,grains1 that is1 ten upon each ,stoichos1 or ,row2 ,rye1 of a square figure1 is very fruitfull at forty3 ,wheat1 besides the ,frit and ,uruncus1 or imperfect ,grains of the small ,husks at the top and bottom of the ,ear1 is fruitfull at ten treble ,glum or ,husks in a ,row1 each containing but three ,grains in breadth1 if the middle ,grain arriveth at all to perfection2 and so maketh up threescore ,grains in both sides4 ,yet even this centesimal fructification may be admitted in some sorts of ,cerealia1 and ,grains from one ,ear3 if we take in the ,triticum centigranum1 or fertilissimum ,plinii1 ,indian ,wheat1 and ,panicum2 which1 in every ,ear1 containeth hundreds of ,grains4 ,but this increase may easily be conceived of ,grains in their total multiplication1 in good and fertile ground1 since1 if every ,grain of ,wheat produceth but three ,ears1 the increase will arise above that number4 ,nor are we without examples of some grounds which have produced many more ,ears1 and above this centesimal increase3 ,as ,pliny hath left recorded of the ,byzacian ,field in ,africa4 ,misit ex eo loco ,procurator ex uno quadraginta minus germina4 ,misit et ,neroni pariter tercentum quadraginta stipulos1 ex uno grano4 ,cum centessimos quidem ,leontini ,sicili campi fundunt1 aliique1 et tota ,boetica1 et imprimis gyptus4 ,and even in our own ,country1 from one ,grain of ,wheat sowed in a ,garden1 ,i have numbred many more than an hundred4 ,and though many ,grains are commonly lost which come not to sprouting or earing1 yet the same is also verified in measure2 as that one ,bushel should produce a hundred1 as is exemplified by the ,corn in ,gerar2#baj ,then ,isaac sowed in that ,land1 and received in that year an hundred fold4 ,that is1 as the ,chaldee explaineth it1 a hundred for one1 when he measured it4 ,and this ,pliny seems to intend1 when he saith of the fertile ,byzacian ,territory before mentioned1 ,ex uno centeni quinquaginta modii redduntur4 ,and may be favourably apprehended of the fertility of some grounds in ,poland2 wherein1 after the account of ,gaguinus1 from ,rye sowed in ,august1 come thirty or forty ,ears1 and a ,man on ,horseback can scarce look over it4 ,in the ,sabbatical ,crop of ,juda1 there must be admitted a large increase1 and probably not short of this centesimal multiplication3 ,for it supplied part of the sixth year1 the whole seventh1 and eighth untill the ,harvest of that year4 #baj ,gen4 #bf4 #ab4 ,the seven years of plenty in gypt must be of high increase2 when1 by storing up but the fifth part1 they supplied the whole ,land1 and many of their neighbours after3 for it is said1#baa the ,famine was in all the ,land about them4 ,and therefore though the causes of the ,dearth in gypt be made out from the defect of the overflow of ,nilus1 according to the ,dream of ,pharaoh2 yet was that no cause of the scarcity of the ,land of ,canaan1 which may rather be ascribed to the want of the former and latter rains1 for some succeeding years1 if their ,famine held time and duration with that of gypt2 as may be probably gather'd from that expression of ,joseph1#bab ,come down unto me into gypt and tarry not1 and there will ,i nourish you3 7for yet there are five years of ,famine7 lest thou and thy ,household1 and all that thou hast come to poverty4 #baa ,gen4 #da4 #ef4 #bab ,gen4 #de4 #i1 #aa4 ,how they preserved their ,corn so long in gypt may seem hard unto ,northern and moist ,climates1 except we consider the many ways of preservation practised by antiquity1 and also take in that handsome account of ,pliny2 ,what ,corn soever is laid up in the ,ear1 it taketh no harm keep it as long as you will2 although the best and most assured way to keep ,corn is in ,caves and ,vaults under ground1 according to the practice of ,cappadocia and ,thracia4 ,in gypt and ,mauritania above all things they look to this1 that their ,granaries stand on high ground2 and how drie so ever their ,floor be1 they lay a course of ,chaff betwixt it and the ground4 ,besides1 they put up their ,corn in ,granaries and ,binns together with the ,ear4 ,and ,varro delivereth that ,wheat laid up in that manner will last fifty years2 ,millet an hundred2 and ,beans so conserved in a ,cave of ,ambracia1 were known to last an hundred and twenty years2 that is1 from the time of ,king ,pyrrhus1 unto the ,pyratick ,war under the conduct of ,pompey4 ,more strange it may seem how1 after seven years1 the ,grains conserved should be fruitfull for a new production4 ,for it is said that ,joseph delivered ,seed unto the gyptians1 to sow their ,land for the eighth year3 and ,corn after seven years is like to afford little or no production1 according to ,theophrastus2#bac ,ad ,sementem semen anniculum optimum putatur1 binum deterius et trinum2 ultra sterile ferm est1 quanquam ad usum cibarium idoneum4 #bac ,theoph4 ,hist4 l4 #h4 ,yet since1 from former exemplifications1 ,corn may be made to last so long1 the fructifying power may well be conceived to last in some good proportion1 according to the region and place of its conservation1 as the same ,theophrastus hath observed1 and left a notable example from ,cappadocia1 where ,corn might be kept sixty years1 and remain fertile at forty2 according to his expression thus translated2 ,in ,cappadoci loco quodam petra dicto1 triticum ad quadraginta annos foecundum est1 at ad sementem percommodum durare proditum est1 sexagenos aut septuagenos ad usum cibarium servari posse idoneum4 ,the situation of that ,conservatory1 was1 as he delivereth1 hipslon1 eupnoun1 euauron1 high1 airy and exposed to several favourable winds4 ,and upon such consideration of winds and ventilation1 some conceive the gyptian ,granaries were made open1 the ,country being free from rain4 ,howsoever it was1 that contrivance could not be without some hazard3#bad for the great ,mists and ,dews of that ,country might dispose the ,corn unto corruption4 #bad gypt homichlds1 kai droseros ,vid4 ,theophrastum ,more plainly may they mistake1 who from some analogy of name 7as if ,pyramid were derived from ,pyron1 ,triticum71 conceive the gyptian ,pyramids to have been built for ,granaries2 or look for any settled ,monuments about the ,desarts erected for that intention2 since their ,store-houses were made in the great ,towns1 according to ,scripture expression1#bae ,he gathered up all the ,food of seven years1 which was in the ,land of gypt1 and laid up the ,food in the ,cities3 the ,food of the ,field which was round about every ,city1 laid he up in the same4 #bae ,gen4 #da4 #dh4 ,sidenote3 ,olive ,tree in ,rom4 #aa4 #bd4 #cb4 ,for if thou wert cut out of the ,olive ,tree1 which is wild by nature1 and wert grafted1 contrary to nature1 into a good ,olive ,tree1 how much more shall these1 which be the natural ,branches1 be grafted into their own ,olive ,tree8 ,in which place1 how answerable to the ,doctrine of ,husbandry this expression of ,s4 ,paul is1 you will readily apprehend who understand the rules of insition or grafting1 and that way of vegetable propagation2 wherein that is contrary to nature1 or natural rules which ,art observeth3 viz4 to make use of a ,cyons more ignoble than the ,stock1 or to graft wild upon domestick and good ,plants1 according as ,theophrastus#baf hath anciently observed1 and1 making instance in the ,olive1 hath left this ,doctrine unto us2 ,urbanum ,sylvestribus ut satis ,oleastris inserere4 ,nam si contrario ,sylvestrem in ,urbanos severis1 etsi differentia qudam erit1 tamen#bag bon frugis ,arbor nunquam profecto reddetur3 which is also agreeable unto our present practice1 who graft ,pears on ,thorns1 and ,apples upon ,crabb ,stocks1 not using the contrary insition4 ,and when it is said1 ,how much more shall these1 which are the natural ,branches1 be grafted into their own natural ,olive ,tree8 this is also agreeable unto the rule of the same ,author2 ,esti de beltin enkentrismos1 homoin eis homoia1 ,insitio melior est similium in similibus3 ,for the nearer consanguinity there is between the ,cyons and the ,stock1 the readier comprehension is made1 and the nobler fructification4 ,according also unto the later caution of ,laurenbergius2#bah ,arbores domestic insitioni destinat1 semper anteponend ,sylvestribus4 ,and though the success be good1 and may suffice upon ,stocks of the same denomination2 yet1 to be grafted upon their own and ,mother ,stock1 is the nearest insition3 which way1 though less practised of old1 is now much imbraced1 and found a notable way for melioration of the ,fruit2 and much the rather1 if the ,tree to be grafted on be a good and generous ,plant1 a good and fair ,olive1 as the ,apostle seems to imply by a peculiar word#bai scarce to be found elsewhere4 #baf ,de causis ,plant4 ,lib4 #a4 ,cap4 #g4 #bag ,kallikarpein ouk exei4 #bah ,de horticultura4 #bai ,kallielaion ,rom4 #aa4 #db4 ,it must be also considered1 that the ,oleaster1 or wild ,olive1 by cutting1 transplanting and the best managery of ,art1 can be made but to produce such ,olives as 7,theophrastus saith7 were particularly named ,phaulia1 that is1 but bad ,olives2 and that it was reckon'd among ,prodigies1 for the ,oleaster to become an ,olive ,tree4 ,and when insition and grafting1 in the ,text1 is applied unto the ,olive ,tree1 it hath an ,emphatical sense1 very agreeable unto that ,tree which is best propagated this way2 not at all by surculation1 as ,theophrastus observeth1 nor well by ,seed1 as hath been observed4 ,omne semen simile genus perficit1 prter oleam1 ,oleastrum enim generat1 hoc est sylvestrem oleam1 et non oleam veram4 ,if1 therefore1 thou ,roman and ,gentile ,branch1 which wert cut from the wild ,olive1 art now1 by the signal mercy of ,god1 beyond the ordinary and commonly expected way1 grafted into the true ,olive1 the ,church of ,god2 if thou1 which neither naturally nor by humane art canst be made to produce any good ,fruit1 and1 next to a ,miracle1 to be made a true ,olive1 art now by the benignity of ,god grafted into the proper ,olive2 how much more shall the ,jew1 and natural ,branch1 be grafted into its genuine and mother ,tree1 wherein propinquity of nature is like1 so readily and prosperously1 to effect a coalition8 ,and this more especially by the expressed way of insition or implantation1 the ,olive being not successfully propagable by ,seed1 nor at all by surculation4 ,sidenote3 ,stork nesting on ,firre ,trees in ,psal4 #ajd4 #ag4 #cc4 ,as for the ,stork1 the ,firre ,trees are her ,house4 ,this expression1 in our ,translation1 which keeps close to the ,original ,chasidah1 is somewhat different from the ,greek and ,latin ,translation2 nor agreeable unto common observation1 whereby they are known commonly to build upon ,chimneys1 or the tops of ,houses1 and high ,buildings1 which notwithstanding1 the common ,translation may clearly consist with observation1 if we consider that this is commonly affirmed of the black ,stork1 and take notice of the description of ,ornithologus in ,aldrovandus1 that such ,storks are often found in divers parts1 and that they do in ,arboribus nidulari1 prsertim in abietibus2 ,make their ,nests on ,trees1 especially upon ,firre ,trees4 ,nor wholly disagreeing unto the practice of the common white ,stork1 according unto ,varro1 nidulantur in agris3 and the concession of ,aldrovandus that sometimes they build on ,trees3 and the assertion of ,bellonius1#bbj that men dress them ,nests1 and place ,cradles upon high ,trees1 in ,marish regions1 that ,storks may breed upon them3 which course some observe for ,herns and ,cormorants with us4 ,and this building of ,storks upon ,trees1 may be also answerable unto the original and natural way of building of ,storks before the political habitations of men1 and the raising of ,houses and high ,buildings2 before they were invited by such conveniences and prepared ,nests1 to relinquish their natural places of nidulation4 ,i say1 before or where such advantages are not ready2 when ,swallows found other places than ,chimneys1 and ,daws found other places than holes in high ,fabricks to build in4 #bbj ,bellonius de ,avibus4 ,sidenote3 ,balm1 in ,gen4 #dc4 #aa4 #cd4 ,and1 therefore1 ,israel said carry down the man a present1 a little ,balm1 a little ,honey1 and ,myrrhe1 ,nuts and ,almonds4 ,now whether this1 which ,jacob sent1 were the proper ,balsam extolled by humane ,writers1 you cannot but make some doubt1 who find the ,greek ,translation to be ,rhtin1 that is1 ,resina1 and so may have some suspicion that it might be some pure distillation from the ,turpentine ,tree1 which grows prosperously and plentifully in ,juda1 and seems so understood by the ,arabick2 and was indeed esteemed by ,theophrastus and ,dioscorides1 the chiefest of resinous ,bodies1 and the word ,resina ,emphatically used for it4 ,that the ,balsam ,plant hath grown and prospered in ,juda we believe without dispute4 ,for the same is attested by ,theophrastus1 ,pliny1 ,justinus1 and many more2 from the commendation that ,galen affordeth of the ,balsam of ,syria1 and the story of ,cleopatra1 that she obtain'd some ,plants of ,balsam from ,herod the ,great to transplant into gypt4 ,but whether it was so anciently in ,juda as the time of ,jacob2 nay1 whether this ,plant was here before the time of ,solomon1 that great collectour of ,vegetable rarities1 some doubt may be made from the account of ,josephus1 that the ,queen of ,sheba1 a part of ,arabia1 among presents unto ,solomon1 brought some ,plants of the ,balsam ,tree1 as one of the peculiar estimables of her ,country4 ,whether this ever had its natural growth1 or were an original native ,plant of ,juda1 much more that it was peculiar unto that ,country1 a greater doubt may arise3 while we reade in ,pausanias1 ,strabo and ,diodorus1 that it grows also in ,arabia1 and find in ,theophrastus1#bba that it grew in two ,gardens about ,jericho in ,juda4 ,and more especially whiles we seriously consider that notable discourse between ,abdella1 ,abdachim and ,alpinus1 concluding the natural and original place of this singular ,plant to be in ,arabia1 about ,mecha and ,medina1 where it still plentifully groweth1 and ,mountains abound therein4 ,from whence it hath been carefully transplanted by the ,basha's of ,grand ,cairo1 into the ,garden of ,matarea2 where1 when it dies1 it is repaired again from those parts of ,arabia1 from whence the ,grand ,signior yearly receiveth a present of ,balsam from the ,xeriff of ,mecha1 still called by the ,arabians ,balessan2 whence they believe arose the ,greek appellation ,balsam4 ,and since these ,balsam-plants are not now to be found in ,juda1 and though purposely cultivated1 are often lost in ,juda1 but everlastingly live1 and naturally renew in ,arabia2 ,they probably concluded1 that those of ,juda were foreign and transplanted from these parts4 #bba ,theophrast4 l4 #i4 c4 #f4 ,all which notwithstanding1 since the same ,plant may grow naturally and spontaneously in several ,countries1 and either from inward or outward causes be lost in one ,region1 while it continueth and subsisteth in another1 the ,balsam ,tree might possibly be a native of ,juda as well as of ,arabia2 which because de facto it cannot be clearly made out1 the ancient expressions of ,scripture become doubtfull in this point4 ,but since this ,plant hath not1 for a long time1 grown in ,juda1 and still plentifully prospers in ,arabia1 that which now comes in pretious parcels to us1 and still is called the ,balsam of ,juda1 may now surrender its name1 and more properly be called the ,balsam of ,arabia4 ,sidenote3 ,barley ,flax1 c4 in ,exod4 #i4 #ca4 #ce4 ,and the ,flax and the ,barley was smitten2 for the ,barley was in the ,ear1 and the ,flax was bolled1 but the ,wheat and the ,rye was not smitten1 for they were not grown up4#bbb ,how the ,barley and the ,flax should be smitten in the plague of ,hail in gypt1 and the ,wheat and ,rye escape1 because they were not yet grown up1 may seem strange unto ,english observers1 who call ,barley ,summer ,corn sown so many months after ,wheat1 and1 beside hordeum ,polystichon1 or big ,barley1 sowe not ,barley in the ,winter1 to anticipate the growth of ,wheat4 #bbb ,linum folliculos germinavit1 spermatizon ,septuag4 ,serotina1 ,lat4 opsima1 ,gr4 ,and the same may also seem a preposterous expression unto all who do not consider the various ,agriculture1 and different ,husbandry of ,nations1 and such as was practised in gypt1 and fairly proved to have been also used in ,juda1 wherein their ,barley ,harvest was before that of ,wheat2 as is confirmable from that expression in ,ruth1 that she came into ,bethlehem at the beginning of ,barley ,harvest1 and staid unto the end of ,wheat ,harvest2 from the death of ,manasses the ,father of ,judith1 ,emphatically expressed to have happened in the ,wheat ,harvest1 and more advanced heat of the ,sun2 and from the custom of the ,jews1 to offer the ,barley ,sheaf of the first fruits in ,march1 and a ,cake of ,wheat ,flower but at the end of ,pentecost4 ,consonant unto the practice of the gyptians1 who 7as ,theophrastus delivereth7 sowed their ,barley early in reference to their first ,fruits2 and also the common rural practice1 recorded by the same ,authour1 ,matur seritur ,triticum1 ,hordeum1 quod etiam maturius seritur2 ,wheat and ,barley are sowed early1 but ,barley earlier of the two4 ,flax was also an early ,plant1 as may be illustrated from the neighbour ,country of ,canaan4 ,for the ,israelites kept the ,passover in ,gilgal in the fourteenth day of the first ,month1 answering unto part of our ,march1 having newly passed ,jordan3 ,and the ,spies which were sent from ,shittim unto ,jericho1 not many days before1 were hid by ,rahab under the stalks of ,flax1 which lay drying on the top of her ,house2 which sheweth that the ,flax was already and newly gathered4 ,for this was the first preparation of ,flax1 and before fluviation or rotting1 which1 after ,pliny's account1 was after ,wheat ,harvest4 ,but the ,wheat and the ,rye were not smitten1 for they were not grown up4 ,the ,original signifies that it was hidden1 or dark1 the ,vulgar and ,septuagint that it was serotinous or late1 and our old ,translation that it was late sown4 ,and so the expression and interposition of ,moses1 who well understood the ,husbandry of gypt1 might ,emphatically declare the state of ,wheat and ,rye in that particular year2 and if so1 the same is solvable from the time of the floud of ,nilus1 and the measure of its inundation4 ,for if it were very high1 and over-drenching the ground1 they were forced to later ,seed-time2 and so the ,wheat and the ,rye escaped2 for they were more slowly growing ,grains1 and1 by reason of the greater inundation of the ,river1 were sown later than ordinary that year1 especially in the ,plains near the ,river1 where the ground drieth latest4 ,some think the plagues of gypt were acted in one ,month1 others but in the compass of twelve4 ,in the delivery of ,scripture there is no account1 of what time of the year or particular ,month they fell out2 but the account of these grains1 which were either smitten or escaped1 make the plague of ,hail to have probably hapned in ,february3 ,this may be collected from the new and old account of the ,seed time and ,harvest in gypt4 ,for1 according to the account of ,radzevil1#bbc the river rising in ,june1 and the ,banks being cut in ,september1 they sow about ,s4 ,andrews1 when the ,floud is retired1 and the moderate driness of the ground permitteth4 ,so that the ,barley anticipating the ,wheat1 either in time of sowing or growing1 might be in ,ear in ,february4 #bbc ,radzevil's ,travels4 ,the account of ,pliny#bbd is little different4 ,they cast the ,seed upon the ,slime and ,mudd when the ,river is down1 which commonly happeneth in the beginning of ,november4 ,they begin to reap and cut down a little before the ,calends of ,april1 about the middle of ,march1 and in the ,month of ,may their ,harvest is in4 ,so that ,barley anticipating ,wheat1 it might be in ,ear in ,february1 and ,wheat not yet grown up1 at least to the ,spindle or ,ear1 to be destroyed by the ,hail4 ,for they cut down about the middle of ,march1 at least their forward ,corns1 and in the ,month of ,may all sorts of ,corns were in4 #bbd ,plin4 lib4 #ah4 cap4 #ah4 ,the turning of the ,river into ,bloud shews in what ,month this happened not4 ,that is1 not when the ,river had overflown2 for it is said1 the gyptians digged round about the ,river for ,water to drink1 which they could not have done1 if the ,river had been out1 and the ,fields under ,water4 ,in the same ,text you cannot1 without some hesitation1 pass over the translation of ,rye1 which the ,original nameth ,cassumeth1 the ,greek rendreth ,olyra1 the ,french and ,dutch ,spelta1 the ,latin ,zea1 and not ,secale the known word for ,rye4 ,but this common ,rye so well understood at present1 was not distinctly described1 or not well known from early ,antiquity4 ,and therefore1 in this uncertainty1 some have thought it to have been the ,typha of the ,ancients4 ,cordus will have it to be ,olyra1 and ,ruellius some kind of ,oryza4 ,but having no vulgar and well known name for those ,grains1 we warily embrace an appellation of near affinity1 and tolerably render it ,rye4 ,while ,flax1 ,barley1 ,wheat and ,rye are named1 some may wonder why no mention is made of ,ryce1 wherewith1 at present1 gypt so much aboundeth4 ,but whether that ,plant grew so early in that ,country1 some doubt may be made3 for ,ryce is originally a ,grain of ,india1 and might not then be transplanted into gypt4 ,sidenote3 ,sheaves of ,grass1 in ,psal4 #ab4 #f1 #g4 #cf4 ,let them become as the ,grass growing upon the ,house top1 which withereth before it be plucked up1 whereof the mower filleth not his hand1 nor he that bindeth ,sheaves his bosome4 ,though the filling of the hand1 and mention of ,sheaves of ,hay1 may seem strange unto us1 who use neither handfulls nor ,sheaves in that kind of ,husbandry1 yet may it be properly taken1 and you are not like to doubt thereof1 who may find the like expressions in the ,authours de ,re rustica1 concerning the old way of this ,husbandry4 ,columella1#bbe delivering what ,works were not to be permitted upon the ,roman ,feri1 or ,festivals1 among others sets down1 that upon such days1 it was not lawfull to carry or bind up ,hay1 nec foenum vincire nec vehere1 per religiones ,ponteficum licet4 #bbe ,columella lib4 #b cap4 #bb4 ,marcus ,varro#bbf is more particular2 ,primum de pratis herbarum cum crescere desiit1 subsecari falcibus debet1 et quoad peracescat furcillis versari1 cum peracuit1 de his manipulos fieri et vehi in villam4 #bbf ,varro lib4 #a4 cap4 #di4 ,and their course of mowing seems somewhat different from ours4 ,for they cut not down clear at once1 but used an after section1 which they peculiarly called ,sicilitium1 according as the word is expounded by ,georgius ,alexandrinus1 and ,beroaldus after ,pliny2 ,sicilire est falcibus consectari qu foenisec prterierunt1 aut ea secare qu foenisec prterierunt4 ,sidenote3 ,juniper ,tree1 in #a ,king4 #ai4 #e1 etc4 #cg4 ,when 'tis said that ,elias lay and slept under a ,juniper ,tree1 some may wonder how that ,tree1 which in our parts groweth but low and shrubby1 should afford him shade and covering4 ,but others know that there is a lesser and a larger kind of that ,vegetable2 that it makes a ,tree in its proper soil and region4 ,and may find in ,pliny that in the ,temple of ,diana ,saguntina in ,spain1 the ,rafters were made of ,juniper4 ,in that expression of ,david1#bbg ,sharp ,arrows of the mighty1 with ,coals of ,juniper2 ,though ,juniper be left out in the last ,translation1 yet may there be an ,emphatical sense from that word2 since ,juniper abounds with a piercing ,oil1 and makes a smart ,fire4 ,and the rather1 if that quality be half true1 which ,pliny affirmeth1 that the ,coals of ,juniper raked up will keep a glowing ,fire for the space of a year4 ,for so the expression will ,emphatically imply1 not onely the smart burning1 but the lasting fire of their malice4 #bbg ,psal4 #abj4 #d4 ,that passage of ,job1#bbh wherein he complains that poor and half famished fellows despised him1 is of greater difficulty2 ,for want and famine they were solitary1 they cut up ,mallows by the ,bushes1 and ,juniper roots for meat4 ,wherein we might at first doubt the ,translation1 not onely from the ,greek ,text but the assertion of ,dioscorides1 who affirmeth that the roots of ,juniper are of a venomous quality4 ,but ,scaliger hath disproved the same from the practice of the ,african ,physicians1 who use the decoction of ,juniper roots against the ,venereal ,disease4 ,the ,chaldee reads it ,genista1 or some kind of ,broom1 which will be also unusual and hard ,diet1 except thereby we understand the ,orobanche1 or ,broom ,rape1 which groweth from the roots of ,broom2 and which1 according to ,dioscorides1 men used to eat raw or boiled in the manner of ,asparagus4 #bbh ,job #cj4 #c1 #d4 ,and1 therefore1 this expression doth highly declare the misery1 poverty and extremity of the persons who were now mockers of him2 they being so contemptible and necessitous1 that they were fain to be content1 not with a mean ,diet1 but such as was no ,diet at all1 the roots of ,trees1 the roots of ,juniper1 which none would make use of for ,food1 but in the lowest necessity1 and some degree of famishing4 ,sidenote3 ,scarlet ,tincture1 in ,gen4 #ch4 #bh4 ,exod4 #be4 #d1 etc4 #ch4 ,while some have disputed whether ,theophrastus knew the ,scarlet ,berry1 others may doubt whether that noble tincture were known unto the ,hebrews1 which notwithstanding seems clear from the early and iterated expressions of ,scripture concerning the ,scarlet ,tincture1 and is the less to be doubted because the ,scarlet ,berry grew plentifully in the ,land of ,canaan1 and so they were furnished with the ,materials of that ,colour4 ,for though ,dioscorides saith it groweth in ,armenia and ,cappadocia1 yet that it also grew in ,juda1 seems more than probable from the account of ,bellonius1 who observed it to be so plentifull in that ,country1 that it afforded a profitable ,commodity1 and great quantity thereof was transported by the ,venetian ,merchants4 ,how this should be fitly expressed by the word ,tolagnoth1 ,vermis1 or ,worm1 may be made out from ,pliny1 who calls it ,coccus ,scolecius1 or the ,wormy ,berry2 as also from the name of that ,colour called ,vermilion1 or the ,worm ,colour2 and which is also answerable unto the true nature of it4 ,for this is no proper ,berry containing the fructifying part1 but a kind of ,vessicular excrescence1 adhering commonly to the ,leaf of the ,ilex ,coccigera1 or dwarf and small kind of ,oak1 whose ,leaves are always green1 and its proper seminal parts ,acrons4 ,this little ,bagg containeth a red ,pulp1 which1 if not timely gathered1 or left to it self1 produceth small red ,flies1 and partly a red powder1 both serviceable unto the tincture4 ,and therefore1 to prevent the generation of ,flies1 when it is first gathered1 they sprinkle it over with ,vinegar1 especially such as make use of the fresh ,pulp for the confection of ,alkermes2 which still retaineth the ,arabick name1 from the ,kermesberry2 which is agreeable unto the description of ,bellonius and ,quinqueranus4 ,and the same we have beheld in ,provence and ,languedock1 where it is plentifully gathered1 and called ,manna ,rusticorum1 from the considerable profit which the ,peasants make by gathering of it4 ,sidenote3 ,oaks1 in ,gen4 #ce4 #d1 #h4 ,josh4 #bd4 #bf4 ,isa4 #a4 #bi4 ,ezek4 #bg4 #f4 ,hosea4 #d4 #ac1 etc4 #ci4 ,mention is made of ,oaks in divers parts of ,scripture1 which though the ,latin sometimes renders a ,turpentine ,tree1 yet surely some kind of ,oak may be understood thereby2 but whether our common ,oak as is commonly apprehended1 you may well doubt2 for the common ,oak1 which prospereth so well with us1 delighteth not in hot regions4 ,and that diligent ,botanist ,bellonius1 who took such particular notice of the ,plants of ,syria and ,juda1 observed not the vulgar ,oak in those parts4 ,but he found the ,ilex1 ,chesne ,vert1 or ,ever-green ,oak1 in many places2 as also that kind of ,oak which is properly named ,esculus3 and he makes mention thereof in places about ,jerusalem1 and in his ,journey from thence unto ,damascus1 where he found ,montes ,ilice1 et ,esculo virentes2 which1 in his ,discourse of ,lemnos1 he saith are always green4 ,and therefore when it is said#bbi of ,absalom1 that his ,mule went under the thick ,boughs of a great ,oak1 and his ,head caught hold of the ,oak1 and he was taken up between the ,heaven and the ,earth1 that ,oak might be some ,ilex1 or rather ,esculus4 ,for that is a thick and bushy kind1 in ,orbem comosa1 as ,dale-champius2 ramis in orbem dispositis comans1 as ,renealmus describeth it4 ,and when it is said#bcj that ,ezechias broke down the ,images1 and cut down the ,groves1 they might much consist of ,oaks1 which were sacred unto ,pagan ,deities1 as this more particularly1 according to that of ,virgil1 ,nemormque ,jovi qu maxima frondet ,esculus4 ,and1 in ,juda1 where no hogs were eaten by the ,jews1 and few kept by others1 'tis not unlikely that they most cherished the ,esculus1 which might serve for ,food of men4 ,for the ,acrons thereof are the sweetest of any ,oak1 and taste like ,chesnuts2 and so producing an edulious or esculent ,fruit1 is properly named ,esculus4 #bbi #b ,sam4 #ah4 #i1 #ad4 #bcj #b ,king4 #ah4 #d4 ,they which know the ,ilex1 or ,ever-green ,oak1 with somewhat prickled leaves1 named ,prinos1 will better understand the irreconcileable answer of the two ,elders1 when the one accused ,susanna of incontinency under a ,prinos1 or ,ever-green ,oak1 the other under a ,schinos1 ,lentiscus1 or ,mastick ,tree1 which are so different in ,bigness1 ,boughs1 ,leaves and ,fruit1 the one bearing ,acrons1 the other ,berries3 ,and1 without the knowledge hereof1 will not ,emphatically or distinctly understand that of the ,poet1 ,flavque de viridi stillabant ,ilice mella4 ,sidenote3 ,cedars of ,libanus4 #dj4 ,when we often meet with the ,cedars of ,libanus1 that expression may be used not onely because they grew in a known and neighbour ,country1 but also because they were of the noblest and largest kind of that ,vegetable1 and we find the ,phoenician ,cedar magnified by the ,ancients4 ,the ,cedar of ,libanus is a coniferous ,tree1 bearing ,cones or ,cloggs2 7not ,berries7 of such a vastness1 that ,melchior ,lussy1 a great ,traveller1 found one upon ,libanus as big as seven men could compass4 ,some are now so curious as to keep the ,branches and ,cones thereof among their rare ,collections4 ,and1 though much ,cedar ,wood be now brought from ,america1 yet 'tis time to take notice of the true ,cedar of ,libanus1 imployed in the ,temple of ,solomon2 for they have been much destroyed and neglected1 and become at last but thin4 ,bellonius could reckon but twenty eight1 ,rowolfius and ,radzevil but twenty four1 and ,bidulphus the same number4 ,and a later account#bca of some ,english ,travellers saith1 that they are now but in one place1 and in a small compass1 in ,libanus4 #bca ,a journey to ,jerusalem1 #afgb4 ,sidenote3 ,uncircumcised ,fruit1 in ,levit4 #ai4 #bc4 ,quando ingressi fueritis terram1 et ,plantaveritis in illa ligna ,pomifera1 auferetis prputia eorum4 ,poma qu germinant immunda erunt vobis1 nec edetis ex eis4 ,quarto autem anno1 omnis fructus eorum sanctificabitur1 laudabilis ,domino4 ,quinto autem anno comedetis fructus4 ,by this ,law they were injoyned not to eat of the ,fruits of the ,trees which they planted for the first three years3 and1 as the ,vulgar expresseth it1 to take away the ,prepuces1 from such ,trees1 during that time2 the ,fruits of the fourth year being holy unto the ,lord1 and those of the fifth allowable unto others4 ,now if auferre prputia be taken1 as many learned men have thought1 to pluck away the bearing ,buds1 before they proceed unto ,flowers or ,fruit1 you will readily apprehend the ,metaphor1 from the analogy and similitude of those ,sprouts and ,buds1 which1 shutting up the fruitfull particle1 resembleth the preputial part4 ,and you may also find herein a piece of ,husbandry not mentioned in ,theophrastus1 or ,columella4 ,for by taking away of the ,buds1 and hindering fructification1 the ,trees become more vigorous1 both in growth and future production4 ,by such a way ,king ,pyrrhus got into a lusty race of ,beeves1 and such as were desired over all ,greece1 by keeping them from ,generation untill the ninth year4 ,and you may also discover a physical advantage of the goodness of the ,fruit1 which becometh less crude and more wholsome1 upon the fourth or fifth years production4 ,sidenote3 ,partition of ,plants into ,herb and ,tree1 in ,gen4 #a4 #aa4 #da4 ,while you reade in ,theophrastus1 or modern ,herbalists1 a strict division of ,plants1 into ,arbor1 ,frutex1 ,suffrutex et ,herba1 you cannot but take notice of the ,scriptural division at the ,creation1 into ,tree and ,herb3 and this may seem too narrow to comprehend the ,classis of ,vegetables2 which1 notwithstanding1 may be sufficient1 and a plain and intelligible division thereof4 ,and therefore in this difficulty concerning the division of ,plants1 the learned ,botanist1 ,csalpinus1 thus concludeth4 ,clarius agemus si alter divisione neglect1 duo tantm ,plantarum genera substituamus1 ,arborem scilicet1 et ,herbam1 conjungentes cum ,arboribus ,frutices1 et cum ,herba ,suffrutices2 ,frutices being the lesser ,trees1 and ,suffrutices the larger1 harder and more solid ,herbs4 ,and this division into ,herb and ,tree1 may also suffice1 if we take in that natural ground of the division of perfect ,plants1 and such as grow from ,seeds4 ,for ,plants1 in their first production1 do send forth two ,leaves adjoining to the ,seed2 and then afterwards1 do either produce two other ,leaves1 and so successively before any ,stalk2 and such go under the name of ,poa1 ,botan1 or ,herb2 or else1 after the first ,leaves succeeding to the ,seed ,leaves1 they send forth a ,stalk1 or rudiment of a ,stalk before any other ,leaves1 and such fall under the ,classis of ,dendron1 or ,tree4 ,so that1 in this natural division1 there are but two grand differences1 that is1 ,tree and ,herb4 ,the ,frutex and ,suffrutex have the way of production from the ,seed1 and in other respects the ,suffrutices1 or ,cremia1 have a middle and participating nature1 and referable unto ,herbs4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,bay ,tree1 in ,psal4 #cg4 #ce #db4 ,i have seen the ungodly in great power1 and flourishing like a green ,bay ,tree4 ,both ,scripture and humane ,writers draw frequent illustrations from ,plants4 ,scribonius ,largus illustrates the old ,cymbals from the ,cotyledon ,palustris1 or ,umbelicus ,veneris4 ,who would expect to find ,aaron's ,mitre in any ,plant8 yet ,josephus hath taken some pains to make out the same in the seminal knop of ,hyoscyamus1 or ,henbane4 ,the ,scripture compares the ,figure of ,manna unto the ,seed of ,coriander4 ,in ,jeremy#bcb we find the expression1 ,streight as a ,palm ,tree3 ,and here the wicked in their flourishing state are likened unto a ,bay ,tree4 ,which1 sufficiently answering the sense of the ,text1 we are unwilling to exclude that noble ,plant from the honour of having its name in ,scripture4 ,yet we cannot but observe1 that the ,septuagint renders it ,cedars1 and the ,vulgar accordingly1 ,vidi impium superexaltatum1 et elevatum sicut ,cedros ,libani2 and the ,translation of ,tremelius mentions neither ,bay nor ,cedar2 ,sese explicantem tanquam ,arbor indigena virens2 which seems to have been followed by the last ,low ,dutch ,translation4 ,a private ,translation renders it like a green self-growing#bcc ,laurel1 ,the ,high ,dutch of ,luther's ,bible1 retains the word ,laurel2 and so doth the old ,saxon and ,island ,translation2 so also the ,french1 ,spanish2 and ,italian of ,diodati3 yet his ,notes acknowledge that some think it rather a ,cedar1 and others any large ,tree in a prospering and natural ,soil4 #bcb ,jer4 #aj4 #e4 #bcc ,ainsworth4 ,but however these ,translations differ1 the sense is allowable and obvious unto apprehension3 when no particular ,plant is named1 any proper to the sense may be supposed2 where either ,cedar or ,laurel is mentioned1 if the preceding words exalted and elevated be used1 they are more appliable unto the ,cedar2 where the word flourishing is used1 it is more agreeable unto the ,laurel1 which1 in its prosperity1 abounds with pleasant flowers1 whereas those of the ,cedar are very little1 and scarce perceptible1 answerable to the ,firre1 ,pine and other coniferous ,trees4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,figg ,tree1 in ,s4 ,mark4 #aa4 #ac1 etc4 #dc4 ,and in the morning1 when they were come from ,bethany1 he was hungry2 and seeing a ,figg ,tree afar off having ,leaves1 he came1 if haply he might find any thing thereon2 and when he came to it1 he found nothing but leaves3 for the time of ,figgs was not yet4 ,singular conceptions have passed from learned men to make out this passage of ,s4 ,mark1 which ,s4 ,matthew#bcd so plainly delivereth2 most men doubting why our ,saviour should curse the ,tree for bearing no ,fruit1 when the time of ,fruit was not yet come2 or why it is said that the time of ,figgs was not yet1 when1 notwithstanding1 ,figgs might be found at that season4 #bcd ,matt4 #ba4 #ai4 ,heinsius1#bce who thinks that ,elias must salve the doubt1 according to the received ,reading of the ,text1 undertaketh to vary the same1 reading hou gar n1 kairos sykn1 that is1 for where he was1 it was the season or time of ,figgs4 #bce ,heinsius in ,nonnum4 ,a learned ,interpreter#bcf of our own1 without alteration of accents or words1 endeavours to salve all1 by another interpretation of the same1 ,hou gar kairos sykn1 ,for it was not a good or seasonable year for ,figgs4 #bcf ,d4 ,hammond4 ,but1 because men part not easily with old beliefs1 or the received construction of words1 we shall briefly set down what may be alledged for it4 ,and1 first1 for the better comprehension of all deductions hereupon1 we may consider the several differences and distinctions both of ,figg ,trees and their ,fruits4 ,suidas upon the word ,ischas makes four divisions of ,figgs1 ,olynthos1 ,phlx1 ,sykon and ,ischas4 ,but because ,phlx makes no considerable distinction1 learned men do chiefly insist upon the three others2 that is1 ,olynthos1 or ,grossus1 which are the ,buttons1 or small sort of ,figgs1 either not ripe1 or not ordinarily proceeding to ripeness1 but fall away at least in the greatest part1 and especially in sharp ,winters2 which are also named ,sykades1 and distinguished from the ,fruit of the wild ,figg1 or ,caprificus1 which is named ,erineos1 and never cometh unto ripeness4 ,the second is called ,sykon1 or ,ficus1 which commonly proceedeth unto ripeness in its due season4 ,a third the ripe ,figg dried1 which maketh the ,ischades1 or ,carrier4 ,of ,figg ,trees there are also many divisions2 ,for some are prodromi1 or precocious1 which bear ,fruit very early1 whether they bear once1 or oftner in the year2 some are proteric1 which are the most early of the precocious ,trees1 and bear soonest of any2 some are stiv1 which bear in the common season of the ,summer1 and some serotin which bear very late4 ,some are biferous and triferous1 which bear twice or thrice in the year1 and some are of the ordinary standing course1 which make up the expected season of ,figgs4 ,again some ,figg ,trees1 either in their proper kind1 or fertility in some single ones1 do bear ,fruit or rudiments of ,fruit all the year long2 as is annually observable in some kind of ,figg ,trees in hot and proper regions2 and may also be observed in some ,figg ,trees of more temperate ,countries1 in years of no great disadvantage1 wherein1 when the ,summer-ripe ,figg is past1 others begin to appear1 and so1 standing in ,buttons all the ,winter1 do either fall away before the ,spring1 or else proceed to ripeness4 ,now1 according to these distinctions1 we may measure the intent of the ,text1 and endeavour to make out the expression4 ,for1 considering the diversity of these ,trees1 and their several fructifications1 probable or possible it is1 that some thereof were implied1 and may literally afford a solution4 ,and first1 though it was not the season for ,figgs1 yet some ,fruit might have been expected1 even in ordinary bearing ,trees4 ,for the ,grossi or ,buttons appear before the ,leaves1 especially before the ,leaves are well grown4 ,some might have stood during the ,winter1 and by this time been of some growth3 ,though many fall off1 yet some might remain on1 and proceed towards maturity4 ,and we find that good ,husbands had an art to make them hold on1 as is delivered by ,theophrastus4 ,the ,sykon or common ,summer ,figg was not expected2 for that is placed by ,galen among the ,fructus ,horarii1 or ,hori1 which ripen in that part of ,summer1 called ,hra1 and stands commended by him above other ,fruits of that season4 ,and of this kind might be the ,figgs which were brought unto ,cleopatra in a ,basket together with an ,asp1 according to the time of her death on the nineteenth of ,august4 ,and that our ,saviour expected not such ,figgs1 but some other kind1 seems to be implied in the indefinite expression1 if haply he might find any thing thereon2 which in that ,country1 and the variety of such ,trees1 might not be despaired of1 at this season1 and very probably hoped for in the first precocious and early bearing ,trees4 ,and that there were precocious and early bearing ,trees in ,juda1 may be illustrated from some expressions in ,scripture concerning precocious ,figgs2#bcg ,calathus unus habebat ,ficus bonas nimis1 sicut solent esse ,ficus primi temporis2 ,one ,basket had very good ,figgs1 even like the ,figgs that are first ripe4 ,and the like might be more especially expected in this place1 if this remarkable ,tree be rightly placed in some ,mapps of ,jerusalem2 for it is placed1 by ,adrichomius1 in or near ,bethphage1 which some conjectures will have to be the ,house of ,figgs3 and at this place ,figg ,trees are still to be found1 if we consult the ,travels of ,bidulphus4 #bcg ,jer4 #bd4 #b4 ,again1 in this great variety of ,figg ,trees1 as precocious1 proterical1 biferous1 triferous1 and always bearing ,trees1 something might have been expected1 though the time of common ,figgs was not yet4 ,for some ,trees bear in a manner all the year2 as may be illustrated from the ,epistle of the ,emperour ,julian1 concerning his ,present of ,damascus ,figgs1 which he commendeth from their successive and continued growing and bearing1 after the manner of the ,fruits which ,homer describeth in the ,garden of ,alcinous4 ,and though it were then but about the eleventh of ,march1 yet1 in the ,latitude of ,jerusalem1 the ,sun at that time hath a good power in the day1 and might advance the maturity of precocious often-bearing or ever-bearing ,figgs4 ,and therefore when it is said that ,s4 ,peter#bch stood and warmed himself by the ,fire in the ,judgment ,hall1 and the reason is added for it was cold#bci that expression might be interposed either to denote the coolness in the ,morning1 according to hot ,countries1 or some extraordinary and unusual coldness1 which happened at that time4 ,for the same ,bidulphus1 who was at that time of the year at ,jerusalem1 saith1 that it was then as hot as at ,midsummer in ,england3 and we find in ,scripture1 that the first ,sheaf of ,barley was offer'd in ,march4 #bch ,s4 ,mark #ad4 #fg4 ,s4 ,luke #bb4 #ee1 #ef4 #bci ,s4 ,john #ah4 #ah4 ,our ,saviour therefore1 seeing a ,figg ,tree with ,leaves well spread1 and so as to be distinguished a far off1 went unto it1 and when he came1 found nothing but ,leaves2 he found it to be no precocious1 or always-bearing ,tree3 ,and though it were not the time for ,summer ,figgs1 yet he found no rudiments thereof3 and though he expected not common ,figgs1 yet something might happily have been expected of some other kind1 according to different fertility1 and variety of production2 but1 discovering nothing1 he found a ,tree answering the ,state of the ,jewish ,rulers1 barren unto all expectation4 ,and this is consonant unto the mystery of the ,story1 wherein the ,figg ,tree denoteth the ,synagogue and ,rulers of the ,jews1 whom ,god having peculiarly cultivated1 singularly blessed and cherished1 he expected from them no ordinary1 slow1 or customary fructification1 but an earliness in good ,works1 a precocious or continued fructification1 and was not content with common after-bearing2 and might justly have expostulated with the ,jews1 as ,god by the ,prophet ,micah#bdj did with their ,forefathers2 ,prcoquas ,ficus desideravit ,anima mea1 ,my ,soul longed for1 7or desired7 early ripe ,fruits1 but ye are become as a ,vine already gathered1 and there is no cluster upon you4 #bdj ,micah #g4 #a4 ,lastly1 ,in this account of the ,figg ,tree1 the mystery and symbolical sense is chiefly to be looked upon4 ,our ,saviour1 therefore1 taking a hint from his hunger to go unto this specious ,tree1 and intending1 by this ,tree1 to declare a ,judgment upon the ,synagogue and people of the ,jews1 he came unto the ,tree1 and1 after the usual manner1 inquired1 and looked about for some kind of ,fruit1 as he had done before in the ,jews1 but found nothing but ,leaves and specious outsides1 as he had also found in them2 and when it bore no ,fruit like them1 when he expected it1 and came to look for it1 though it were not the time of ordinary ,fruit1 yet failing when he required it1 in the mysterious sense1 'twas fruitless longer to expect it4 ,for he had come unto them1 and they were nothing fructified by it1 his departure approached1 and his time of preaching was now at an end4 ,now1 in this account1 besides the ,miracle1 some things are naturally considerable4 ,for it may be question'd how the ,figg ,tree1 naturally a fruitfull ,plant1 became barren1 for it had no shew or so much as rudiment of ,fruit3 ,and it was in old time1 a signal ,judgment of ,god1 that the ,figg ,tree should bear no ,fruit3 and therefore this ,tree may naturally be conceived to have been under some ,disease indisposing it to such fructification4 ,and this1 in the ,pathology of ,plants1 may be the ,disease of phyllomania emphyllismos2 or superfolliation mention'd by ,theophrastus2 whereby the fructifying ,juice is starved by the excess of ,leaves2 which in this ,tree were already so full spread1 that it might be known and distinguished a far off4 ,and this was1 also1 a sharp resemblance of the hypocrisie of the ,rulers1 made up of specious outsides1 and fruitless ostentation1 contrary to the ,fruit of the ,figg ,tree1 which1 filled with a sweet and pleasant pulp1 makes no shew without1 not so much as of any ,flower4 ,some naturals are also considerable from the propriety of this punishment settled upon a ,figg ,tree3 ,for infertility and barrenness seems more intolerable in this ,tree than in any1 as being a ,vegetable singularly constituted for production2 so far from bearing no ,fruit that it may be made to bear almost any4 ,and therefore the ,ancients singled out this as the fittest ,tree whereon to graft and propagate other ,fruits1 as containing a plentifull and lively ,sap1 whereby other ,cyons would prosper3 ,and1 therefore1 this ,tree was also sacred unto the ,deity of ,fertility3 and the ,statua of ,priapus was made of the ,figg ,tree4 ,olim ,truncus eram ,ficulnus inutile ,lignum4 ,it hath also a peculiar advantage to produce and maintain its ,fruit above all other ,plants1 as not subject to miscarry in ,flowers and ,blossomes1 from accidents of ,wind and ,weather4 ,for it beareth no ,flowers outwardly1 and such as it hath1 are within the ,coat1 as the later examination of ,naturalists hath discovered4 ,lastly1 ,it was a ,tree wholly constituted for ,fruit1 wherein if it faileth1 it is in a manner useless1 the ,wood thereof being of so little use1 that it affordeth proverbial expressions1 ,homo ,ficulneus1 argumentum ,ficulneum1 for things of no validity4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,palm ,tree1 in ,cant4 #g4 #h4 #dd4 ,i said ,i will go up into the ,palm ,tree1 and take hold of the ,boughs thereof4 ,this expression is more agreeable unto the ,palm than is commonly apprehended1 for that it is a tall bare ,tree bearing its ,boughs but at the top and upper part2 so that it must be ascended before its ,boughs or ,fruit can be attained3 ,and the going1 getting or climbing up1 may be ,emphatical in this ,tree2 for the ,trunk or ,body thereof is naturally contrived for ascension1 and made with advantage for getting up1 as having many welts and eminencies1 and so as it were a natural ,ladder1 and ,staves1 by which it may be climbed1 as ,pliny#bda observeth1 ,palm teretes atque proceres1 densis quadratisque pollicibus faciles se ad scandendum prbent1 by this way men are able to get up into it4 ,and the ,figures of ,indians thus climbing the same are graphically described in the ,travels of ,linschoten4 ,this ,tree is often mentioned in ,scripture1 and was so remarkable in ,juda1 that in after-times it became the ,emblem of that ,country1 as may be seen in that ,medal of the ,emperour ,titus1 with a ,captive ,woman sitting under a ,palm1 and the ,inscription of ,juda ,capta4 ,and ,pliny confirmeth the same when he saith1 ,juda ,palmis inclyta4 #bda ,plin4 #ac4 cap4 #d4 ,sidenote3 ,lilies1 in ,cant4 #b4 #a1 #b1 #af4 #de4 ,many things are mention'd in ,scripture1 which have an ,emphasis from this or the neighbour ,countries3 ,for besides the ,cedars1 the ,syrian ,lilies are taken notice of by ,writers4 ,that expression in the ,canticles1#bdb ,thou art fair1 thou art fair1 thou hast ,doves eyes1 receives a particular character1 if we look not upon our common ,pigeons1 but the beauteous and fine ey'd ,doves of ,syria4 #bdb ,cant4 #d4 #a4 ,when the ,rump is so strictly taken notice of in the ,sacrifice of the ,peace ,offering1 in these words1#bdc ,the whole ,rump1 it shall be taken off hard by the ,back-bone1 it becomes the more considerable in reference to this ,country1 where ,sheep had so large ,tails2 which1 according to ,aristotle1#bdd were a ,cubit broad2 and so they are still1 as ,bellonius hath delivered4 #bdc ,levit4 #c4 #i4 #bdd ,aristot4 ,hist4 ,animal4 lib4 #h4 ,when 'tis said in the ,canticles1#bde ,thy ,teeth are as a ,flock of ,sheep1 which go up from the washing1 whereof every one beareth ,twins1 and there is not one barren among them2 it may seem hard unto us of these parts to find whole ,flocks bearing ,twins1 and not one barren among them2 yet may this be better conceived in the fertile ,flocks of those ,countries1 where ,sheep have so often two1 sometimes three1 and sometimes four1 and which is so frequently observed by ,writers of the neighbour ,country of gypt4 ,and this fecundity1 and fruitfulness of their ,flocks1 is answerable unto the expression of the ,psalmist1#bdf ,that our ,sheep may bring forth thousands and ten thousands in our ,streets4 ,and hereby1 besides what was spent at their ,tables1 a good supply was made for the great consumption of ,sheep in their several kinds of ,sacrifices2 and of so many thousand ,male unblemished yearling ,lambs1 which were required at their ,passeovers4 #bde ,cant4 #d4 #b4 #bdf ,psal4 #add4 #ac4 ,nor need we wonder to find so frequent mention both of ,garden and ,field ,plants2 since ,syria was notable of old for this curiosity and variety1 according to ,pliny1 ,syria hortis operosissima2 and since ,bellonius hath so lately observed of ,jerusalem1 that its hilly parts did so abound with ,plants1 that they might be compared unto ,mount ,ida in ,crete or ,candia3 which is the most noted place for noble ,simples yet known4 ,sidenote3 ,trees and ,herbs not expresly nam'd in ,scripture4 #df4 ,though so many ,plants have their express ,names in ,scripture1 yet others are implied in some ,texts which are not explicitly mention'd4 ,in the ,feast of ,tabernacles or ,booths1 the ,law was this1#bdg ,thou shalt take unto thee ,boughs of goodly ,trees1 ,branches of the ,palm1 and the ,boughs of thick ,trees1 and ,willows of the ,brook4 ,now though the ,text descendeth not unto particulars of the goodly ,trees1 and thick ,trees2 yet ,maimonides will tell us that for a goodly ,tree they made use of the ,citron ,tree1 which is fair and goodly to the eye1 and well prospering in that ,country3 ,and that for the thick ,trees they used the ,myrtle1 which was no rare or infrequent ,plant among them4 ,and though it groweth but low in our ,gardens1 was not a little ,tree in those parts2 in which ,plant also the ,leaves grew thick1 and almost covered the ,stalk4 ,and ,curtius#bdh ,symphorianus in his description of the ,exotick ,myrtle1 makes it1 ,folio densissimo senis in ordinem versibus4 ,the ,paschal ,lamb was to be eaten with bitterness or bitter ,herbs1 not particularly set down in ,scripture3 but the ,jewish ,writers declare1 that they made use of ,succory1 and wild ,lettuce1 which ,herbs while some conceive they could not get down1 as being very bitter1 rough and prickly1 they may consider that the time of the ,passeover was in the ,spring1 when these ,herbs are young and tender1 and consequently less unpleasant3 besides1 according to the ,jewish custom1 these ,herbs were dipped in the ,charoseth or ,sawce made of ,raisins stamped with ,vinegar1 and were also eaten with ,bread2 and they had four ,cups of ,wine allowed unto them2 and it was sufficient to take but a pittance of ,herbs1 or the quantity of an ,olive4 #bdg ,levit4 #bc4 #dj4 #bdh ,curtius de ,hortis4 ,sidenote3 ,reeds in ,scripture4 #dg4 ,though the famous paper ,reed of gypt1 be onely particularly named in ,scripture2 yet when ,reeds are so often mention'd1 without special name or distinction1 we may conceive their differences may be comprehended1 and that they were not all of one kind1 or that the common ,reed was onely implied4 ,for mention is made in ,ezekiel#bdi of a measuring ,reed of six ,cubits3 we find that they smote our ,saviour on the ,head with a ,reed1#bej and put a ,sponge with ,vinegar on a ,reed1 which was long enough to reach to his mouth1 while he was upon the ,cross2 ,and with such differences of ,reeds1 ,vallatory1 ,sagittary1 ,scriptory1 and others1 they might be furnished in ,juda3 ,for we find in the portion of ,ephraim1#bea ,vallis arundineti2 and so set down in the ,mapps of ,adricomius1 and in our ,translation the ,river ,kana1 or ,brook of ,canes4 ,and ,bellonius tells us that the ,river ,jordan affordeth plenty and variety of ,reeds2 out of some whereof the ,arabs make ,darts1 and light ,lances1 and out of others1 ,arrows2 and withall that there plentifully groweth the fine ,calamus1 arundo ,scriptoria1 or writing ,reed1 which they gather with the greatest care1 as being of singular use and commodity at home and abroad2 a hard ,reed about the compass of a ,goose or ,swans ,quill1 whereof ,i have seen some polished and cut with a ,webb2 which is in common use for writing throughout the ,turkish ,dominions1 they using not the ,quills of ,birds4 #bdi ,ezek4 #dj4 #e4 #bej ,s4 ,matt #bg4 #cj1 #dh4 #bea ,josh4 #af4 #ag4 ,and whereas the same ,authour with other describers of these parts affirmeth1 that the ,river ,jordan not far from ,jerico1 is but such a ,stream as a youth may throw a ,stone over it1 or about eight fathoms broad1 it doth not diminish the account and solemnity of the miraculous passage of the ,israelites under ,joshua2 ,for it must be considered1 that they passed it in the time of ,harvest1 when the ,river was high1 and the ,grounds about it under ,water1 according to that pertinent parenthesis1 ,as the ,feet of the ,priests1 which carried the ,ark1 were dipped in the brim of the ,water1 7for ,jordan#beb overfloweth all its ,banks at the time of ,harvest47 ,in this consideration it was well joined with the great ,river ,euphrates1 in that expression in ,ecclesiasticus1#bec ,god maketh the understanding to abound like ,euphrates1 and as ,jordan in the time of ,harvest4 #beb ,josh4 #c4 #ac4 #bec ,ecclus4 #bd4 #bf4 ,sidenote3 ,zizania1 in ,s4 ,matt4 #ac4 #bd1 #be1 etc4 #dh4 ,the ,kingdom of ,heaven is likened unto a man which sowed good ,seed in his ,field1 but while men slept1 his ,enemy came and sowed ,tares 7or1 as the ,greek1 ,zizania7 among the ,wheat4 ,now1 how to render ,zizania1 and to what species of ,plants to confine it1 there is no slender doubt2 for the word is not mention'd in other parts of ,scripture1 nor in any ancient ,greek ,writer3 it is not to be found in ,aristotle1 ,theophrastus1 or ,dioscorides4 ,some ,greek and ,latin ,fathers have made use of the same1 as also ,suidas and ,phavorinus2 but probably they have all derived it from this ,text4 ,and therefore this obscurity might easily occasion such variety in ,translations and ,expositions4 ,for some retain the word ,zizania1 as the ,vulgar1 that of ,beza1 of ,junius1 and also the ,italian and ,spanish4 ,the ,low ,dutch renders it ,oncruidt1 the ,german ,oncraut1 or ,herba ,mala1 the ,french ,turoye or ,lolium1 and the ,english ,tares4 ,besides1 this being conceived to be a ,syriack word1 it may still add unto the uncertainty of the sense4 ,for though this ,gospel were first written in ,hebrew1 or ,syriack1 yet it is not unquestionable whether the true ,original be any where extant3 ,and that ,syriack ,copy which we now have1 is conceived to be of far later time than ,s4 ,matthew4 ,expositours and ,annotatours are also various4 ,hugo ,grotius hath passed the word ,zizania without a ,note4 ,diodati1 retaining the word ,zizania1 conceives that it was some peculiar ,herb growing among the ,corn of those ,countries1 and not known in our ,fields4 ,but ,emanuel de ,sa interprets it1 ,plantas semini noxias1 and so accordingly some others4 ,buxtorfius1 in his ,rabbinical ,lexicon1 gives divers interpretations1 sometimes for degenerated ,corn1 sometimes for the black ,seeds in ,wheat1 but withall concludes1 an hc sit eadem vox aut species1 cum ,zizani apud ,evangelistam1 qurant alii4 ,but ,lexicons and ,dictionaries by ,zizania do almost generally understand ,lolium1 which we call ,darnel1 and commonly confine the signification to that ,plant3 ,notwithstanding1 since ,lolium had a known and received ,name in ,greek1 some may be apt to doubt1 why1 if that ,plant were particularly intended1 the proper ,greek word was not used in the ,text4 ,for ,theophrastus#bed named ,lolium ,aira1 and hath often mentioned that ,plant2 and in one place saith that ,corn doth sometimes ,loliescere degenerate into ,darnel4 ,dioscorides1 who travelled over ,juda1 gives it the same name1 which is also to be found in ,galen1 tius and gineta2 and ,pliny hath sometimes latinized that word into ra4 #bed exairsthai4 ,theophrast4 ,hist4 ,plant4 l4 #h4 ,besides1 ,lolium or ,darnel shews it self in the ,winter1 growing up with the ,wheat2 and ,theophrastus observed that it was no ,vernal ,plant1 but came up in the ,winter2 which will not well answer the expression of the ,text1 ,and when the ,blade came up1 and brought forth ,fruit1 or gave evidence of its ,fruit1 the ,zizania appeared4 ,and if the ,husbandry of the ,ancients were agreeable unto ours1 they would not have been so earnest to weed away the ,darnel2 for our ,husbandmen do not commonly weed it in the ,field1 but separate the ,seeds after ,thrashing4 ,and therefore ,galen delivereth1 that in an unseasonable year1 and great scarcity of ,corn1 when they neglected to separate the ,darnel1 the ,bread proved generally unwholsome1 and had evil effects on the ,head4 ,our old and later ,translation render ,zizania1 ,tares1 which name our ,english ,botanists give unto ,aracus1 ,cracca1 ,vicia sylvestris1 calling them ,tares1 and strangling ,tares4 ,and our ,husbandmen by ,tares understand some sorts of wild ,fitches1 which grow amongst ,corn1 and clasp upon it1 according to the ,latin ,etymology1 ,vicia ,vinciendo4 ,now in this uncertainty of the ,original1 ,tares as well as some others1 may make out the sense1 and be also more agreeable unto the circumstances of the ,parable4 ,for they come up and appear what they are1 when the ,blade of the ,corn is come up1 and also the ,stalk and ,fruit discoverable4 ,they have likewise little spreading ,roots1 which may intangle or rob the good ,roots1 and they have also tendrils and claspers1 which lay hold of what grows near them1 and so can hardly be weeded without endangering the neighbour ,corn4 ,however1 if by ,zizania we understand ,herbas segeti noxias1 or vitia segetum1 as some ,expositours have done1 and take the word in a more general sense1 comprehending several ,weeds and ,vegetables offensive unto ,corn1 according as the ,greek word in the plural ,number may imply1 and as the learned ,laurenbergius#bee hath expressed1 ,runcare quod apud nostrates ,weden dicitur1 ,zizanias inutiles est evellere4 ,if1 ,i say1 it be thus taken1 we shall not need to be definitive1 or confine unto one particular ,plant1 from a word which may comprehend divers3 ,and this may also prove a safer sense1 in such obscurity of the ,original4 #bee ,de ,horticultura4 ,and therefore since in this ,parable the sower of the ,zizania is the ,devil1 and the ,zizania wicked persons2 if any from this larger acception1 will take in ,thistles1 ,darnel1 ,cockle1 wild strangling ,fitches1 ,bindweed1 ,tribulus1 ,restharrow and other ,vitia ,segetum2 he may1 both from the natural and symbolical qualities of those ,vegetables1 have plenty of matter to illustrate the variety of his mischiefs1 and of the wicked of this world4 ,sidenote3 ,cockle1 in ,job #ca4 #dj4 #di4 ,when 'tis said in ,job1 ,let ,thistles grow up instead of ,wheat1 and ,cockle instead of ,barley1 the words are intelligible1 the sense allowable and significant to this purpose3 but whether the word ,cockle doth strictly conform unto the ,original1 some doubt may be made from the different ,translations of it2 ,for the ,vulgar renders it ,spina1 ,tremelius ,vitia ,frugum1 and the ,geneva ,turoye or ,darnel4 ,besides1 whether ,cockle were common in the ancient ,agriculture of those parts1 or what word they used for it1 is of great uncertainty4 ,for the ,elder ,botanical ,writers have made no mention thereof1 and the ,moderns have given it the ,name of ,pseudomelanthium1 ,nigellastrum1 ,lychnoeides ,segetum1 names not known unto ,antiquity3 ,and therefore our ,translation hath warily set down noisome ,weeds in the ,margin4 ,,of ,,garlands and ,coronary or ,garden-plants4 ,,tract ,,ii ,,sir1 ,the use of flowry ,crowns and ,garlands is of no slender ,antiquity1 and higher than ,i conceive you apprehend it4 ,for1 besides the old ,greeks and ,romans1 the gyptians made use hereof2 who1 beside the bravery of their ,garlands1 had little ,birds upon them to peck their ,heads and ,brows1 and so to keep them sleeping at their ,festival compotations4 ,this practice also extended as far as ,india3 for at the ,feast with the ,indian ,king1 it is peculiarly observed by ,philostratus that their custom was to wear ,garlands1 and come crowned with them unto their ,feast4 ,the ,crowns and ,garlands of the ,ancients were either ,gestatory1 such as they wore about their ,heads or ,necks2 ,portatory1 such as they carried at solemn ,festivals2 ,pensile or ,suspensory1 such as they hanged about the ,posts of their ,houses in honour of their ,gods1 as of ,jupiter ,thyrus or ,limeneus2 or else they were ,depository1 such as they laid upon the ,graves and ,monuments of the dead4 ,and these were made up after all ways of ,art1 ,compactile1 ,sutile1 ,plectile2 for which ,work there were stephanoplokoi or expert ,persons to contrive them after the best grace and property4 ,though we yield not unto them in the beauty of flowry ,garlands1 yet some of those of ,antiquity were larger than any we lately meet with3 for we find in ,athenus that a ,myrtle ,crown of one and twenty foot in compass was solemnly carried about at the ,hellotian ,feast in ,corinth1 together with the ,bones of ,europa4 ,and ,garlands were surely of frequent use among them2 for we reade in ,galen#bef that when ,hippocrates cured the great ,plague of ,athens by ,fires kindled in and about the ,city2 the fuel thereof consisted much of their ,garlands4 ,and they must needs be very frequent and of common use1 the ends thereof being many4 ,for they were convivial1 festival1 sacrificial1 nuptial1 honorary1 funebrial4 ,we who propose unto our selves the pleasure of two ,senses1 and onely single out such as are of ,beauty and good ,odour1 cannot strictly confine our selves unto imitation of them4 #bef ,de ,theriaca ad ,pisonem4 ,for1 in their convivial ,garlands1 they had respect unto ,plants preventing drunkenness1 or discussing the exhalations from ,wine2 wherein1 beside ,roses1 taking in ,ivy1 ,vervain1 ,melilote1 etc4 they made use of divers of small ,beauty or good ,odour4 ,the solemn festival ,garlands were made properly unto their ,gods1 and accordingly contrived from ,plants sacred unto such ,deities2 and their sacrificial ones were selected under such considerations4 ,their honorary ,crowns triumphal1 ovary1 civical1 obsidional1 had little of ,flowers in them3 and their funebrial ,garlands had little of beauty in them beside ,roses1 while they made them of ,myrtle1 ,rosemary1 ,apium1 etc4 under symbolical intimations3 but our florid and purely ornamental ,garlands1 delightfull unto sight and smell1 nor framed according to mystical and symbolical considerations1 are of more free election1 and so may be made to excell those of the ,ancients2 we having ,china1 ,india1 and a new world to supply us1 beside the great distinction of ,flowers unknown unto ,antiquity1 and the varieties thereof arising from ,art and ,nature4 ,but1 beside ,vernal1 stival and ,autumnal made of ,flowers1 the ,ancients had also ,hyemal ,garlands2 contenting themselves at first with such as were made of ,horn died into several ,colours1 and shaped into the ,figures of ,flowers1 and also of s ,coronarium or ,clincquant or ,brass thinly wrought out into ,leaves commonly known among us4 ,but the curiosity of some ,emperours for such intents had ,roses brought from gypt untill they had found the art to produce late ,roses in ,rome1 and to make them grow in the ,winter1 as is delivered in that handsome ,epigramme of ,martial1 ,at tu ,roman jussus jam cedere ,brum ,mitte tuas messes1 ,accipe1 ,nile1 ,rosas4 ,some ,american ,nations1 who do much excell in ,garlands1 content not themselves onely with ,flowers1 but make elegant ,crowns of ,feathers1 whereof they have some of greater radiancy and lustre than their ,flowers3 and since there is an ,art to set into shapes1 and curiously to work in choicest ,feathers1 there could nothing answer the ,crowns made of the choicest ,feathers of some ,tomineios and ,sun ,birds4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,catalogue of ,coronary ,plants is not large in ,theophrastus1 ,pliny1 ,pollux1 or ,athenus3 but we may find a good enlargement in the ,accounts of ,modern ,botanists2 and additions may still be made by successive acquists of fair and specious ,plants1 not yet translated from foreign ,regions or little known unto our ,gardens3 he that would be complete may take notice of these following1 ,flos ,tigridis4 ,flos ,lyncis4 ,pinea ,indica ,recchi1 ,talama ,ouiedi4 ,herba ,paradisea4 ,volubilis ,mexicanus4 ,narcissus ,indicus ,serpentarius4 ,helichrysum ,mexicanum4 ,xicama4 ,aquilegia nov ,hispani ,cacoxochitli ,recchi4 ,aristocha ,mexicana4 ,camaratinga sive ,caragunta quarta ,pisonis4 ,maracuia ,granadilla4 ,cambay sive ,myrtus ,americana4 ,flos ,auricul ,flor de la ,oreia4 ,floripendio nov ,hispani4 ,rosa ,indica4 ,zilium ,indicum4 ,fula ,magori ,garci4 ,champe ,garci ,champacca ,bontii4 ,daullontas frutex odoratus seu ,chammelum arborescens ,bontii4 ,beidelsar ,alpini4 ,sambuc4 ,amberboi ,turcarum4 ,nuphar gyptium4 ,lilionarcissus ,indicus4 ,bamma gyptiacum4 ,hiucca ,canadensis horti ,farnesiani4 ,bupthalmum nov ,hispani ,alepocapath4 ,valeriana seu ,chrysanthemum ,americanum ,acocotlis4 ,flos ,corvinus ,coronarius ,americanus4 ,capolin ,cerasus dulcis ,indicus ,floribus racemosis4 ,asphodelus ,americanus4 ,syringa ,lutea ,americana4 ,bulbus unifolius4 ,moly latifolium ,flore luteo4 ,conyza ,americana purpurea4 ,salvia ,cretica pomifera ,bellonii4 ,lausus ,serrata ,odora4 ,ornithogalus ,promontorii ,bon ,spei4 ,fritallaria crassa ,soldanica ,promontorii ,bon ,spei4 ,sigillum ,solomonis ,indicum4 ,tulipa ,promontorii ,bon ,spei4 ,iris ,uvaria4 ,nopolxoch sedum elegans nov ,hispani4 ,more might be added unto this ,list2 and ,i have onely taken the pains to give you a short ,specimen of those many more which you may find in respective ,authours1 and which time and future industry may make no great strangers in ,england4 ,the ,inhabitants of ,nova ,hispania1 and a great part of ,america1 ,mahometans1 ,indians1 ,chineses1 are eminent promoters of these coronary and specious ,plants3 and the annual tribute of the ,king of ,bisnaguer in ,india1 arising out of ,odours and ,flowers1 amounts unto many thousands of ,crowns4 ,thus1 in brief1 of this matter4 ,i am1 etc4 ,,of ,,the ,,fishes ,,eaten ,,by ,,our ,,saviour with ,his ,disciples after ,his ,resurrection from the ,dead4 ,,tract ,,iii ,,sir1 ,i have thought1 a little1 upon the ,question proposed by you viz4 ,what kind of ,fishes those were of which our ,saviour ate with his ,disciples after his ,resurrection8#beg and ,i return you such an ,answer1 as1 in so short time for study1 and in the midst of my occasions1 occurs to me4 #beg ,s4 ,joh4 #ba4 #i1 #aj1 #aa1 #ac4 ,the ,books of ,scripture 7as also those which are ,apocryphal7 are often silent1 or very sparing1 in the particular ,names of ,fishes2 or in setting them down in such manner as to leave the kinds of them without all doubt and reason for farther inquiry4 ,for1 when it declareth what ,fishes were allowed the ,israelites for their ,food1 they are onely set down in general which have ,finns and ,scales2 whereas1 in the account of ,quadrupeds and ,birds1 there is particular mention made of divers of them4 ,in the ,book of ,tobit that ,fish which he took out of the ,river is onely named a great ,fish1 and so there remains much uncertainty to determine the ,species thereof4 ,and even the ,fish which swallowed ,jonah1 and is called a great ,fish1 and commonly thought to be a great ,whale1 is not received without all doubt2 while some learned men conceive it to have been none of our ,whales1 but a large kind of ,lamia4 ,and1 in this narration of ,s4 ,john1 the ,fishes are onely expressed by their ,bigness and ,number1 not their ,names1 and therefore it may seem undeterminable what they were3 notwithstanding1 these ,fishes being taken in the great ,lake or ,sea of ,tiberias1 something may be probably stated therein4 ,for since ,bellonius1 that diligent and learned ,traveller1 informeth us1 that the ,fishes of this ,lake were ,trouts1 ,pikes1 ,chevins and ,tenches2 it may well be conceived that either all or some thereof are to be understood in this ,scripture4 ,and these kind of ,fishes become large and of great growth1 answerable unto the expression of ,scripture1 ,one hundred and fifty-three great ,fishes2 that is1 large in their own kinds1 and the largest kinds in this ,lake and fresh ,water1 wherein no great variety1 and of the larger sort of ,fishes1 could be expected4 ,for the ,river ,jordan1 running through this ,lake1 falls into the ,lake of ,asphaltus1 and hath no mouth into the ,sea1 which might admit of great ,fishes or greater variety to come up into it4 ,and out of the mouth of some of these forementioned ,fishes might the ,tribute money be taken1 when our ,saviour1 at ,capernaum1 seated upon the same ,lake1 said unto ,peter1 ,go thou to the ,sea1 and cast an ,hook1 and take up the ,fish that first cometh2 and when thou hast opened his mouth thou shalt find a piece of money2 that take and give them for thee and me4 ,and this makes void that common conceit and tradition of the ,fish called ,fabermarinus1 by some1 a ,peter or ,penny ,fish2 which having two remarkable round spots upon either side1 these are conceived to be the marks of ,s4 ,peter's ,fingers or signatures of the ,money3 for though it hath these marks1 yet is there no probability that such a kind of ,fish was to be found in the ,lake of ,tiberias1 ,geneserah or ,galilee1 which is but sixteen miles long and six broad1 and hath no communication with the ,sea2 for this is a mere ,fish of the ,sea and salt ,water1 and 7though we meet with some thereof on our ,coast7 is not to be found in many ,seas4 ,thus having returned no improbable ,answer unto your ,question1 ,i shall crave leave to ask another of your self concerning that ,fish mentioned by ,procopius1#beh which brought the famous ,king ,theodorick to his end3 his words are to this effect3 ',the manner of his ,death was this1 ,symmachus and his ,son-in-law ,bothius1 just men and great relievers of the poor1 ,senatours and ,consuls1 had many enemies1 by whose false accusations ,theodorick being perswaded that they plotted against him1 put them to death and confiscated their ,estates4 ,not long after his ,waiters set before him at ,supper a great ,head of a ,fish1 which seemed to him to be the ,head of ,symmachus lately murthered2 and with his ,teeth sticking out1 and fierce glaring eyes to threaten him3 being frighted1 he grew chill1 went to ,bed1 lamenting what he had done to ,symmachus and ,bothius2 and soon after died4' ,what ,fish do you apprehend this to have been8 ,i would learn of you2 give me your thoughts about it4 #beh ,de ,bello ,gothico1 lib4 #a4 ,i am1 etc4 ,,an ,,answer ,,to ,,certain ,,queries relating to ,fishes1 ,birds1 ,insects4 ,,tract ,,iv ,,sir1 ,i return the following ,answers to your ,queries which were these1 #a4 ,what ,fishes are meant by the ,names1 ,halec and ,mugil8 #b4 ,what is the ,bird which you will receive from the ,bearer8 and what ,birds are meant by the ,names ,halcyon1 ,nysus1 ,ciris1 ,nycticorax8 #c4 ,what ,insect is meant by the word ,cicada8 ,sidenote3 ,answer to ,query #a4 ,the word ,halec we are taught to render an ,herring1 which1 being an ancient word1 is not strictly appropriable unto a ,fish not known or not described by the ,ancients2 and which the modern ,naturalists are fain to name ,harengus2 the word ,halecula being applied unto such little ,fish out of which they were fain to make ,pickle2 and ,halec or ,alec1 taken for the ,liquamen or ,liquor itself1 according to that of the ,poet1 ----,ego fcem primus et ,alec ,primus et inveni piper album---- ,and was a conditure and ,sawce much affected by ,antiquity1 as was also ,muria and ,garum4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in common constructions1 ,mugil is rendred a ,mullet1 which1 notwithstanding1 is a different ,fish from the ,mugil described by ,authours2 wherein1 if we mistake1 we cannot so closely apprehend the expression of ,juvenal1 ----,quosdam ventres et ,mugilis intrat4 ,and misconceive the ,fish1 whereby ,fornicatours were so opprobriously and irksomely punished2 for the ,mugil being somewhat rough and hard skinned1 did more exasperate the gutts of such offenders3 whereas the ,mullet was a smooth ,fish1 and of too high esteem to be imployed in such offices4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sidenote3 ,answer to ,query #b4 ,i cannot but wonder that this ,bird you sent should be a stranger unto you1 and unto those who had a sight thereof3 for1 though it be not seen every day1 yet we often meet with it in this ,country4 ,it is an elegant ,bird1 which he that once beholdeth can hardly mistake any other for it4 ,from the proper ,note it is called an ,hoopebird with us2 in ,greek ,epops1 in ,latin ,upupa4 ,we are little obliged unto our ,school instruction1 wherein we are taught to render ,upupa1 a ,lapwing1 which ,bird our natural ,writers name ,vannellus2 for thereby we mistake this remarkable ,bird1 and apprehend not rightly what is delivered of it4 ,we apprehend not the ,hieroglyphical considerations which the old gyptians made of this observable ,bird2 who considering therein the order and variety of ,colours1 the twenty six or twenty eight ,feathers in its ,crest1 his latitancy1 and mewing this handsome outside in the ,winter2 they made it an ,emblem of the varieties of the ,world1 the succession of ,times and ,seasons1 and signal mutations in them4 ,and therefore ,orus1 the ,hieroglyphick of the ,world1 had the ,head of an ,hoopebird upon the top of his ,staff4 ,hereby we may also mistake the ,duchiphath1 or ,bird forbidden for ,food in ,leviticus ,,sn3 ,levit4 #aa4 #ai42 and1 not knowing the ,bird1 may the less apprehend some reasons of that prohibition2 that is1 the magical virtues ascribed unto it by the gyptians1 and the superstitious apprehensions which that ,nation held of it1 whilst they precisely numbred the ,feathers and ,colours thereof1 while they placed it on the ,heads of their ,gods1 and near their ,mercurial ,crosses1 and so highly magnified this ,bird in their sacred ,symbols4 ,again1 not knowing or mistaking this ,bird1 we may misapprehend1 or not closely apprehend1 that handsome expression of ,ovid1 when ,tereus was turned into an ,upupa1 or ,hoopebird4 ,vertitur in volucrem cui sunt pro vertice ,crist1 ,protinus immodicum surgit pro cuspide rostrum ,nomen ,epops volucri1 facies armata videtur4 ,for1 in this military shape1 he is aptly phancied even still revengefully to pursue his hated ,wife ,progne3 in the propriety of his ,note crying out1 ,pou1 pou1 ubi1 ubi1 or ,where are you8 ,nor are we singly deceived in the nominal translation of this ,bird3 in many other ,animals we commit the like mistake4 ,so ,gracculus is rendred a ,jay1 which ,bird notwithstanding must be of a dark colour according to that of ,martial1 ,sed quandam volo nocte nigriorem ,formica1 pice1 ,gracculo1 cicada4 ,halcyon#bei is rendred a ,king-fisher1 a ,bird commonly known among us1 and by ,zoographers and ,naturals the same is named ,ispida1 a well coloured ,bird frequenting ,streams and ,rivers1 building in holes of ,pits1 like some ,martins1 about the end of the ,spring2 in whose ,nests we have found little else than innumerable small ,fish ,bones1 and white round ,eggs of a smooth and polished surface1 whereas the true ,alcyon is a ,sea ,bird1 makes an handsome ,nest floating upon the ,water1 and breedeth in the ,winter4 #bei ,see ,vulg4 ,err4 ,b4 #c4 c4 #aj4 ,that ,nysus should be rendred either an ,hobby or a ,sparrow ,hawk1 in the ,fable of ,nysus and ,scylla in ,ovid1 because we are much to seek in the distinction of ,hawks according to their old denominations1 we shall not much contend1 and may allow a favourable latitude therein3 but that the ,ciris or ,bird into which ,scylla was turned should be translated a ,lark1 it can hardly be made out agreeable unto the description of ,virgil in his ,poem of that name1 ,inde alias volucres mimque infecta rubenti ,crura---- ,but seems more agreeable unto some kind of ,hmantopus or ,redshank2 and so the ,nysus to have been some kind of ,hawk1 which delighteth about the ,sea and ,marishes1 where such prey most aboundeth1 which sort of ,hawk while ,scaliger determineth to be a ,merlin1 the ,french ,translatour warily expoundeth it to be some kind of ,hawk4 ,nycticorax we may leave unto the common and verbal translation of a ,night ,raven1 but we know no proper kind of ,raven unto which to confine the same1 and therefore some take the liberty to ascribe it unto some sort of ,owls1 and others unto the ,bittern2 which ,bird in its common ,note1 which he useth out of the time of coupling and upon the ,wing1 so well resembleth the croaking of a ,raven that ,i have been deceived by it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sidenote3 ,answer to ,query #c4 ,while ,cicada is rendred a ,grashopper1 we commonly think that which is so called among us to be the true ,cicada2 wherein1 as we have elsewhere declared1#bfj there is a great mistake3 for we have not the ,cicada in ,england1 and indeed no proper word for that ,animal1 which the ,french nameth ,cigale4 ,that which we commonly call a ,grashopper1 and the ,french ,saulterelle being one kind of ,locust1 so rendred in the ,plague of gypt1 and1 in old ,saxon named ,gersthop4 #bfj ,vulg4 ,err4 ,b4 #e4 c4 #c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i have been the less accurate in these ,answers1 because the ,queries are not of difficult ,resolution1 or of great moment3 however1 ,i would not wholly neglect them or your satisfaction1 as being1 ,sir1 ,yours1 etc4 ,,of ,,hawks ,,and ,,falconry ,ancient and ,modern4 ,,tract ,v ,,sir1 ,in vain you expect much information1 de ,re ,accipitraria1 of ,falconry1 ,hawks or ,hawking1 from very ancient ,greek or ,latin ,authours2 that ,art being either unknown or so little advanced among them1 that it seems to have proceeded no higher than the daring of ,birds3 which makes so little thereof to be found in ,aristotle1 who onely mentions some rude practice thereof in ,thracia2 as also in lian1 who speaks something of ,hawks and ,crows among the ,indians2 little or nothing of true ,falconry being mention'd before ,julius ,firmicus1 in the days of ,constantius1 ,son to ,constantine the ,great4 ,yet if you consult the accounts of later ,antiquity left by ,demetrius the ,greek1 by ,symmachus and ,theodosius1 and by ,albertus ,magnus1 about five hundred years ago1 you1 who have been so long acquainted with this noble ,recreation1 may better compare the ancient and modern practice1 and rightly observe how many things in that ,art are added1 varied1 disused or retained in the practice of these days4 ,in the ,diet of ,hawks1 they allowed of divers ,meats which we should hardly commend4 ,for beside the ,flesh of ,beef1 they admitted of ,goat1 ,hog1 ,deer1 ,whelp and ,bear4 ,and how you will approve the quantity and measure thereof1 ,i make some doubt2 while by weight they allowed half a pound of ,beef1 seven ounces of ,swines ,flesh1 five of ,hare1 eight ounces of ,whelp1 as much of ,deer1 and ten ounces of ,he-,goats ,flesh4 ,in the time of ,demetrius they were not without the practice of ,phlebotomy or ,bleeding1 which they used in the ,thigh and ,pounces2 they plucked away the ,feathers on the ,thigh1 and rubbed the part1 but if the ,vein appeared not in that part1 they opened the ,vein of the fore ,talon4 ,in the days of ,albertus1 they made use of ,cauteries in divers places3 to advantage their sight they seared them under the inward angle of the eye2 above the eye in distillations and diseases of the ,head2 in upward pains they seared above the ,joint of the ,wing1 and at the bottom of the ,foot1 against the ,gout2 and the chief time for these cauteries they made to be the month of ,march4 ,in great coldness of ,hawks they made use of ,fomentations1 some of the steam or vapour of artificial and natural ,baths1 some wrapt them up in hot ,blankets1 giving them ,nettle ,seeds and ,butter4 ,no ,clysters are mention'd1 nor can they be so profitably used2 but they made use of many purging ,medicines4 ,they purged with ,aloe1 which1 unto larger ,hawks1 they gave in the bigness of a ,great ,bean2 unto less1 in the quantity of a ,cicer1 which notwithstanding ,i should rather give washed1 and with a few drops of ,oil of ,almonds3 for the ,guts of flying ,fowls are tender and easily scratched by it2 and upon the use of ,aloe both in ,hawks and ,cormorants ,i have sometimes observed bloody excretions4 ,in phlegmatick causes they seldom omitted ,stave-saker1 but they purged sometimes with a ,mouse1 and the ,food of boiled ,chickens1 sometimes with good ,oil and ,honey4 ,they used also the ,ink of ,cuttle ,fishes1 with ,smallage1 ,betony1 ,wine and ,honey4 ,they made use of stronger ,medicines than present practice doth allow4 ,for they were not afraid to give ,coccus ,baphicus2 beating up eleven of its ,grains unto a ,lentor1 which they made up into five ,pills wrapt up with ,honey and ,pepper3 and1 in some of their old ,medicines1 we meet with ,scammony and ,euphorbium4 ,whether1 in the tender ,bowels of ,birds1 infusions of ,rhubarb1 ,agaric and ,mechoachan be not of safer use1 as to take of ,agary two ,drachms1 of ,cinnamon half a ,drachm1 of ,liquorish a ,scruple1 and1 infusing them in ,wine1 to express a part into the mouth of the ,hawk1 may be considered by present practice4 ,few ,mineral ,medicines were of inward use among them3 yet sometimes we observe they gave filings of ,iron in the straitness of the ,chest1 as also ,lime in some of their pectoral ,medicines4 ,but they commended ,unguents of ,quick-silver against the ,scab3 and ,i have safely given six or eight ,grains of ,mercurius ,dulcis unto ,kestrils and ,owls1 as also crude and current ,quick-silver1 giving the next day small ,pellets of ,silver or ,lead till they came away uncoloured3 and this1 if any1 may probably destroy that obstinate ,disease of the ,filander or ,back-worm4 ,a peculiar remedy they had against the ,consumption of ,hawks4 ,for1 filling a ,chicken with ,vinegar1 they closed up the ,bill1 and hanging it up untill the ,flesh grew tender1 they fed the ,hawk therewith3 and to restore and well ,flesh them1 they commonly gave them ,hogs ,flesh1 with ,oil1 ,butter and ,honey2 and a decoction of ,cumfory to bouze4 ,they disallowed of salt ,meats and ,fat2 but highly esteemed of ,mice in most indispositions2 and in the falling ,sickness had great esteem of boiled ,batts3 and in many ,diseases1 of the ,flesh of ,owls which feed upon those ,animals4 ,in ,epilepsies they also gave the ,brain of a ,kid drawn thorough a gold ,ring2 and1 in ,convulsions1 made use of a mixture of ,musk and ,stercus humanum aridum4 ,for the better preservation of their ,health they strowed ,mint and ,sage about them2 and for the speedier mewing of their ,feathers1 they gave them the ,slough of a ,snake1 or a ,tortoise out of the ,shell1 or a green ,lizard cut in pieces4 ,if a ,hawk were unquiet1 they hooded him1 and placed him in a ,smith's ,shop for some time1 where1 accustomed to the continual noise of hammering1 he became more gentle and tractable4 ,they used few terms of ,art1 plainly and intelligibly expressing the parts affected1 their ,diseases and ,remedies4 ,this heap of artificial terms first entring with the ,french ,artists3 who seem to have been the first and noblest ,falconers in the ,western part of ,europe2 although1 in their ,language1 they have no word which in general expresseth an ,hawk4 ,they carried their ,hawks in the left hand1 and let them flie from the right4 ,they used a ,bell1 and took great care that their ,jesses should not be red1 lest ,eagles should flie at them4 ,though they used ,hoods1 we have no clear description of them1 and little account of their ,lures4 ,the ancient ,writers left no account of the swiftness of ,hawks or measure of their flight3 but ,heresbachius#bfa delivers that ,william ,duke of ,cleve had an ,hawk which1 in one day1 made a flight out of ,westphalia into ,prussia4 ,and1 upon good account1 an ,hawk in this ,country of ,norfolk1 made a flight at a ,woodcock near thirty miles in one hour4 ,how far the ,hawks1 ,merlins and wild ,fowl which come unto us with a ,north-west wind in the ,autumn1 flie in a day1 there is no clear account2 but coming over ,sea their flight hath been long1 or very speedy4 ,for ,i have known them to light so weary on the coast1 that many have been taken with ,dogs1 and some knock'd down with ,staves and ,stones4 #bfa ,de ,re ,accipitraria1 in #c ,books4 ,their ,perches seem not so large as ours2 for they made them of such a bigness that their ,talons might almost meet3 and they chose to make them of ,sallow1 ,poplar or ,lime ,tree4 ,they used great clamours and hollowing in their flight1 which they made by these words1 ou loi1 la1 la1 la2 and to raise the ,fowls1 made use of the sound of a ,cymbal4 ,their recreation seemed more sober and solemn than ours at present1 so improperly attended with ,oaths and ,imprecations4 ,for they called on ,god at their setting out1 according to the account of ,demetrius1 ton ,theon epikalesantes1 in the first place calling upon ,god4 ,the learned ,rigaltius thinketh1 that if the ,romans had well known this airy ,chase1 they would have left or less regarded their ,circensial ,recreations4 ,the ,greeks understood ,hunting early1 but little or nothing of our ,falconry4 ,if ,alexander had known it1 we might have found something of it and more of ,hawks in ,aristotle2 who was so unacquainted with that way1 that he thought that ,hawks would not feed upon the ,heart of ,birds4 ,though he hath mention'd divers ,hawks1 yet ,julius ,scaliger1 an expert ,falconer1 despaired to reconcile them unto ours4 ,and 'tis well if1 among them1 you can clearly make out a ,lanner1 a ,sparrow ,hawk and a ,kestril1 but must not hope to find your ,gier ,falcon there1 which is the noble ,hawk2 and ,i wish you one no worse than that of ,henry ,king of ,navarre2 which1 ,scaliger saith1 he saw strike down a ,buzzard1 two wild ,geese1 divers ,kites1 a ,crane and a ,swan4 ,nor must you expect from high ,antiquity the distinctions of ,eyess and ,ramage ,hawks1 of ,sores and ,entermewers1 of ,hawks of the ,lure and the ,fist2 nor that material distinction into short and long winged ,hawks2 from whence arise such differences in their taking down of ,stones2 in their flight1 their striking down or seizing of their ,prey1 in the strength of their ,talons1 either in the ,heel and fore-,talon1 or the middle and the ,heel3 nor yet what ,eggs produce the different ,hawks1 or when they lay three ,eggs1 that the first produceth a ,female and large ,hawk1 the second of a midler sort1 and the third a smaller ,bird ,tercellene or ,tassel of the ,masle ,sex2 which ,hawks being onely observed abroad by the ,ancients1 were looked upon as ,hawks of different kinds and not of the same ,eyrie or ,nest4 ,as for what ,aristotle affirmeth that ,hawks and ,birds of prey drink not2 although you know that it will not strictly hold1 yet ,i kept an ,eagle two years1 which fed upon ,kats1 ,kittlings1 ,whelps and ,ratts1 without one drop of ,water4 ,if any thing may add unto your knowledge in this noble ,art1 you must pick it out of later ,writers than those you enquire of4 ,you may peruse the two ,books of ,falconry writ by that renowned ,emperour ,frederick the ,second2 as also the ,works of the noble ,duke ,belisarius1 of ,tardiffe1 ,francherius1 of ,francisco ,sforzino of ,vicensa2 and may not a little inform or recreate your self with that elegant ,poem of ,thuanus4#bfb ,i leave you to divert your self by the perusal of it1 having1 at present1 no more to say but that ,i am1 etc4 #bfb ,de ,re ,rustica4 ,,of ,,cymbals1 ,etc4 ,,tract ,,vi ,,sir1 ,with what difficulty1 if possibility1 you may expect satisfaction concerning the ,musick1 or ,musical ,instruments of the ,hebrews1 you will easily discover if you consult the attempts of learned men upon that ,subject3 but for ,cymbals1 of whose ,figure you enquire1 you may find some described in ,bayfius1 in the ,comment of ,rhodius upon ,scribonius ,largus1 and others4 ,as for ,kymbalon alalazon mentioned by ,s4 ,paul1#bfc and rendred a ,tinckling ,cymbal1 whether the translation be not too soft and diminutive some question may be made3 for the word alalazon implieth no small sound1 but a strained and lofty vociferation1 or some kind of hollowing sound1 according to the ,exposition of ,hesychius1 ,alalaxate enypssate tn phnn4 ,a word drawn from the lusty shout of ,souldiers1 crying ,alala at the first charge upon their ,enemies1 according to the custom of ,eastern ,nations1 and used by ,trojans in ,homer2 and is also the ,note of the ,chorus in ,aristophanes ,alalai i pain4 ,in other parts of ,scripture we reade of loud and high sounding ,cymbals2 and in ,clemens ,alexandrinus that the ,arabians made use of ,cymbals in their ,wars instead of other military ,musick2 and ,polynus in his ,stratagemes affirmeth that ,bacchus gave the signal of ,battel unto his numerous ,army not with ,trumpets but with ,tympans and ,cymbals4 #bfc ,cor4 #ac4 #a ,and now ,i take the opportunity to thank you for the new ,book sent me containing the ,anthems sung in our ,cathedral and ,collegiate ,churches3 'tis probable there will be additions1 the ,masters of ,musick being now active in that affair4 ,beside my naked thanks ,i have yet nothing to return you but this enclosed1 which may be somewhat rare unto you1 and that is a ,turkish ,hymn translated into ,french out of the ,turkish ,metre1 which ,i thus render unto you4 ,o what praise doth he deserve1 and how great is that ,lord1 all whose ,slaves are as so many ,kings6 ,whosoever shall rub his ,eyes with the dust of his ,feet1 shall behold such admirable things that he shall fall into an ecstasie4 ,he that shall drink one drop of his ,beverage1 shall have his ,bosome like the ,ocean filled with ,gems and pretious ,liquours4 ,let not loose the ,reins unto thy ,passions in this world3 he that represseth them shall become a true ,solomon in the ,faith4 ,amuse not thy self to adore ,riches1 nor to build great ,houses and ,palaces4 ,the end of what thou shall build is but ruine4 ,pamper not thy ,body with delicacies and dainties2 it may come to pass one day that this ,body may be in ,hell4 ,imagine not that he who findeth ,riches findeth ,happiness2 he that findeth ,happiness is he that findeth ,god4 ,all who prostrating themselves in humility shall this day believe in ,vel1#bfd if they were ,poor shall be ,rich1 and if ,rich shall become ,kings4 #bfd ,vel the ,founder of the ,convent4 ,after the ,sermon ended which was made upon a ,verse in the ,alcoran containing much ,morality1 the ,deruices in a ,gallery apart sung this ,hymn1 accompanied with ,instrumental ,musick1 which so affected the ,ears of ,monsieur du ,loyr1 that he would not omit to set it down1 together with the ,musical ,notes1 to be found in his first ,letter unto ,monsieur ,bouliau1 ,prior of ,magny4 99 99 99 99 99 ,excuse my brevity3 ,i can say but little where ,i understand but little4 ,i am1 etc4 ,,of ,,ropalic or ,gradual ,verses1 ,etc4 ,mens mea sublimes rationes prmeditatur4 ,,tract ,,vii ,,sir1 ,though ,i may justly allow a good intention in this ,poem presented unto you1 yet ,i must needs confess1 ,i have no affection for it2 as being utterly averse from all affectation in ,poetry1 which either restrains the phancy1 or fetters the invention to any strict disposure of words4 ,a poem of this nature is to be found in ,ausonius beginning thus1 ,spes ,deus tern stationis conciliator4 ,these are ,verses ,ropalici or ,clavales1 arising gradually like the ,knots in a ,rhopal or ,clubb2 named also ,fistulares by ,priscianus1 as ,elias ,vinetus#bfe hath noted4 ,they consist properly of five words1 each thereof encreasing by one syllable4 ,they admit not of a ,spondee in the fifth place1 nor can a ,golden or ,silver ,verse be made this way4 ,they run smoothly both in ,latin and ,greek1 and some are scatteringly to be found in ,homer2 as1 makar ,atreid moirgenes olbiodaimon1 ,liber dicam sed in aurem1 ego versibus hujusmodi ,ropalicis1 longo syrmate protractis1 ,ceraunium affigo4 #bfe ,el ,vinet4 in ,auson4 ,he that affecteth such restrained ,poetry1 may peruse the ,long ,poem of ,hugbaldus the ,monk1 wherein every word beginneth with a ,c penned in the praise of ,calvities or ,baldness1 to the honour of ,carolus ,calvus ,king of ,france1 ,carmina clarison calvis cantate ,camn4 ,the rest may be seen at large in the adversaria of ,barthius3 or if he delighteth in odd contrived phancies may he please himself with ,antistrophes1 ,counterpetories1 ,retrogrades1 ,rebusses1 ,leonine ,verses1 etc4 to be found in ,sieur des ,accords4 ,but these and the like are to be look'd upon1 not pursued1 odd works might be made by such ways2 and for your recreation ,i propose these few lines unto you1 ,arcu paratur quod arcui sufficit4 ,misellorum clamoribus accurrere non tam humanum quam sulphureum est4 ,asino teratur qu ,asino teritur4 ,ne ,asphodelos comedas1 phoenices manduca4 ,coelum aliquid potest1 sed qu mira prstat ,papilio est4 ,not to put you unto endless amusement1 the ,key hereof is the homonomy of the ,greek made use of in the ,latin words1 which rendreth all plain4 ,more nigmatical and dark expressions might be made if any one would speak or compose them out of the numerical ,characters or characteristical ,numbers set down by ,robertus de ,fluctibus4#bff #bff ,tract #b4 ,part lib4 #a4 ,as for your question concerning the contrary expressions of the ,italian and ,spaniards in their common affirmative answers1 the ,spaniard answering cy ,sennor1 the ,italian ,signior cy1 you must be content with this ,distich1 ,why saith the ,italian ,signior cy1 the ,spaniard cy ,sennor8 ,because the one puts that behind1 the other puts before4 ,and because you are so happy in some ,translations1 ,i pray return me these two verses in ,english1 ,occidit heu tandem multos qu occidit amantes1 ,et cinis est hodie qu fuit ignis heri4 ,my occasions make me to take off my ,pen4 ,i am1 etc4 ,,of ,,languages ,and particularly of the ,saxon ,tongue4 ,,tract ,,viii ,,sir1 ,the last ,discourse we had of the ,saxon ,tongue recalled to my mind some forgotten considerations4 ,though the ,earth were widely peopled before the ,flood1 7as many learned men conceive7 yet whether after a large dispersion1 and the space of sixteen hundred years1 men maintained so uniform a ,language in all parts1 as to be strictly of one ,tongue1 and readily to understand each other1 may very well be doubted4 ,for though the ,world preserved in the ,family of ,noah before the confusion of ,tongues might be said to be of one ,lip1 yet even permitted to themselves their humours1 inventions1 necessities1 and new objects1 without the miracle of ,confusion at first1 in so long a tract of time1 there had probably been a ,babel4 ,for whether ,america were first peopled by one or several ,nations1 yet cannot that number of different planting ,nations1 answer the multiplicity of their present different ,languages1 of no affinity unto each other2 and even in their ,northern ,nations and incommunicating ,angles1 their ,languages are widely differing4 ,a native ,interpreter brought from ,california proved of no use unto the ,spaniards upon the neighbour ,shore4 ,from ,chiapa1 to ,guatemala1 ,s4 ,salvador1 ,honduras1 there are at least eighteen several languages2 and so numerous are they both in the ,peruvian and ,mexican ,regions1 that the great ,princes are fain to have one common ,language1 which besides their vernaculous and ,mother ,tongues1 may serve for commerce between them4 ,and since the confusion of ,tongues at first fell onely upon those which were present in ,sinaar at the work of ,babel1 whether the primitive ,language from ,noah were onely preserved in the ,family of ,heber1 and not also in divers others1 which might be absent at the same1 whether all came away and many might not be left behind in their first ,plantations about the foot of the ,hills1 whereabout the ,ark rested and ,noah became an ,husbandman1 is not absurdly doubted4 ,for so the primitive ,tongue might in time branch out into several parts of ,europe and ,asia1 and thereby the first or ,hebrew ,tongue which seems to be ingredient into so many ,languages1 might have larger originals and grounds of its communication and traduction than from the ,family of ,abraham1 the ,country of ,canaan and words contained in the ,bible which come short of the full of that ,language4 ,and this would become more probable from the ,septuagint or ,greek ,chronology strenuously asserted by ,vossius2 for making five hundred years between the ,deluge and the days of ,peleg1 there ariseth a large latitude of multiplication and dispersion of ,people into several parts1 before the descent of that ,body which followed ,nimrod unto ,sinaar from the ,east4 ,they who derive the bulk of ,european ,tongues from the ,scythian and the ,greek1 though they may speak probably in many points1 yet must needs allow vast difference or corruptions from so few originals1 which however might be tolerably made out in the old ,saxon1 yet hath time much confounded the clearer derivations4 ,and as the knowledge thereof now stands in reference unto our selves1 ,i find many words totally lost1 divers of harsh sound disused or refined in the pronunciation1 and many words we have also in common use not to be found in that ,tongue1 or venially derivable from any other from whence we have largely borrowed1 and yet so much still remaineth with us that it maketh the gross of our ,language4 ,the religious obligation unto the ,hebrew ,language hath so notably continued the same1 that it might still be understood by ,abraham1 whereas by the ,mazorite ,points and ,chaldee ,character the old ,letter stands so transformed1 that if ,moses were alive again1 he must be taught to reade his own ,law4 ,the ,chinoys1 who live at the bounds of the ,earth1 who have admitted little communication1 and suffered successive incursions from one ,nation1 may possibly give account of a very ancient ,language2 but consisting of many ,nations and ,tongues2 confusion1 admixtion and corruption in length of time might probably so have crept in as without the virtue of a common ,character1 and lasting ,letter of things1 they could never probably make out those strange memorials which they pretend1 while they still make use of the ,works of their great ,confutius many hundred years before ,christ1 and in a series ascend as high as ,poncuus1 who is conceived our ,noah4 ,the present ,welch1 and remnant of the old ,britanes1 hold so much of that ancient ,language1 that they make a shift to understand the ,poems of ,merlin1 ,enerin1 ,telesin1 a thousand years ago1 whereas the ,herulian ,pater ,noster1 set down by ,wolfgangus ,lazius1 is not without much criticism made out1 and but in some words2 and the present ,parisians can hardly hack out those few lines of the ,league between ,charles and ,lewis1 the ,sons of ,ludovicus ,pius1 yet remaining in old ,french4 ,the ,spaniards1 in their corruptive traduction and ,romance1 have so happily retained the terminations from the ,latin1 that notwithstanding the ,gothick and ,moorish intrusion of words1 they are able to make a ,discourse completely consisting of ,grammatical ,latin and ,spanish1 wherein the ,italians and ,french will be very much to seek4 ,the learned ,casaubon conceiveth that a ,dialogue might be composed in ,saxon onely of such words as are derivable from the ,greek1 which surely might be effected1 and so as the learned might not uneasily find it out4 ,verstegan made no doubt that he could contrive a ,letter which might be understood by the ,english1 ,dutch and ,east ,frislander1 which1 as the present confusion standeth1 might have proved no very clear ,piece1 and hardly to be hammer'd out3 yet so much of the ,saxon still remaineth in our ,english1 as may admit an orderly discourse and series of good sense1 such as not onely the present ,english1 but lfric1 ,bede and ,alured might understand after so many hundred years4 ,nations that live promiscuously1 under the ,power and ,laws of ,conquest1 do seldom escape the loss of their ,language with their ,liberties1 wherein the ,romans were so strict that the ,grecians were fain to conform in their judicial ,processes2 which made the ,jews loose more in seventy years dispersion in the ,provinces of ,babylon1 than in many hundred in their distinct habitation in gypt2 and the ,english which dwelt dispersedly to loose their ,language in ,ireland1 whereas more tolerable reliques there are thereof in ,fingall1 where they were closely and almost solely planted2 and the ,moors which were most huddled together and united about ,granada1 have yet left their ,arvirage among the ,granadian ,spaniards4 ,but shut up in ,angles and inaccessible corners1 divided by ,laws and ,manners1 they often continue long with little mixture1 which hath afforded that lasting life unto the ,cantabrian and ,british ,tongue1 wherein the ,britanes are remarkable1 who1 having lived four hundred years together with the ,romans1 retained so much of the ,british as it may be esteemed a ,language2 which either they resolutely maintained in their cohabitation with them in ,britane1 or retiring after in the time of the ,saxons into ,countries and parts less civiliz'd and conversant with the ,romans1 they found the ,people distinct1 the ,language more intire1 and so fell into it again4 ,but surely no ,languages have been so straitly lock'd up as not to admit of commixture4 ,the ,irish1 although they retain a kind of a ,saxon ,character1 yet have admitted many words of ,latin and ,english4 ,in the ,welch are found many words from ,latin1 some from ,greek and ,saxon4 ,in what parity and incommixture the ,language of that ,people stood which were casually discovered in the heart of ,spain1 between the ,mountains of ,castile1 no longer ago than in the time of ,duke ,d' ,alva1 we have not met with a good account any farther than that their words were ,basquish or ,cantabrian3 but the present ,basquensa one of the minor ,mother ,tongues of ,europe1 is not without commixture of ,latin and ,castilian1 while we meet with ,santifica1 tentationeten1 ,glaria1 puissanea1 and four more in the short ,form of the ,lord's ,prayer1 set down by ,paulus ,merula3 but although in this brief ,form we may find such commixture1 yet the bulk of their ,language seems more distinct1 consisting of words of no affinity unto others1 of numerals totally different1 of differing ,grammatical ,rule1 as may be observed in the ,dictionary and short ,basquensa ,grammar1 composed by ,raphael ,nicoleta1 a ,priest of ,bilboa4 ,and if they use the auxiliary ,verbs of ,equin and ,ysan1 answerable unto ,hazer and ,ser1 to ,have1 and ,be1 in the ,spanish1 which ,forms came in with the ,northern ,nations into the ,italian1 ,spanish and ,french1 and if that ,form were used by them before1 and crept not in from imitation of their neighbours1 it may shew some ancienter traduction from ,northern ,nations1 or else must seem very strange2 since the ,southern ,nations had it not of old1 and ,i know not whether any such mode be found in the ,languages of any part of ,america4 ,the ,romans1 who made the great commixture and alteration of ,languages in the ,world1 effected the same1 not onely by their proper ,language1 but those also of their military ,forces1 employed in several ,provinces1 as holding a standing ,militia in all ,countries1 and commonly of strange ,nations2 so while the cohorts and ,forces of the ,britanes were quartered in gypt1 ,armenia1 ,spain1 ,illyria1 etc4 the ,stablsians and ,dalmatians here1 the ,gauls1 ,spaniards and ,germans in other ,countries1 and other ,nations in theirs1 they could not but leave many words behind them1 and carry away many with them1 which might make that in many words of very distinct ,nations some may still remain of very unknown and doubtfull ,genealogy4 ,and if1 as the learned ,buxhornius contendeth1 the ,scythian ,language as the ,mother ,tongue runs through the ,nations of ,europe1 and even as far as ,persia1 the community in many words between so many ,nations1 hath a more reasonable original traduction1 and were rather derivable from the common ,tongue diffused through them all1 than from any particular ,nation1 which hath also borrowed and holdeth but at second hand4 ,the ,saxons settling over all ,england1 maintained an uniform ,language1 onely diversified in ,dialect1 ,idioms1 and minor differences1 according to their different ,nations which came in to the common ,conquest1 which may yet be a cause of the variation in the speech and words of several parts of ,england1 where different ,nations most abode or settled1 and having expelled the ,britanes1 their ,wars were chiefly among themselves1 with little action with foreign ,nations untill the union of the ,heptarchy under ,egbert2 after which time although the ,danes infested this ,land and scarce left any part free1 yet their incursions made more havock in ,buildings1 ,churches and ,cities1 than the ,language of the ,country1 because their ,language was in effect the same1 and such as whereby they might easily understand one another4 ,and if the ,normans1 which came into ,neustria or ,normandy with ,rollo the ,dane1 had preserved their ,language in their new acquists1 the succeeding ,conquest of ,england1 by ,duke ,william of his race1 had not begot among us such notable alterations2 but having lost their ,language in their abode in ,normandy before they adventured upon ,england1 they confounded the ,english with their ,french1 and made the grand mutation1 which was successively encreased by our possessions in ,normandy1 ,guien and ,aquitain1 by our long ,wars in ,france1 by frequent resort of the ,french1 who to the number of some thousands came over with ,isabel ,queen to ,edward the ,second1 and the several ,matches of ,england with the ,daughters of ,france before and since that time4 ,but this commixture1 though sufficient to confuse1 proved not of ability to abolish the ,saxon words2 for from the ,french we have borrowed many ,substantives1 ,adjectives and some ,verbs1 but the great ,body of ,numerals1 auxiliary ,verbs1 ,articles1 ,pronouns1 ,adverbs1 ,conjunctions and ,prepositions1 which are the distinguishing and lasting part of a ,language1 remain with us from the ,saxon1 which1 having suffered no great alteration for many hundred years1 may probably still remain1 though the ,english swell with the inmates of ,italian1 ,french and ,latin4 ,an ,example whereof may be observ'd in this following4 ,english ,i4 ,the first and formost step to all good ,works is the dread and fear of the ,lord of ,heaven and ,earth1 which thorough the ,holy ,ghost enlightneth the blindness of our sinfull hearts to tread the ways of wisedom1 and leads our feet into the ,land of ,blessing4 ,saxon ,i4 ,the erst and fyrmost stp to eal gode ,weorka is the drd and feurt of the ,lauord of ,heofan and ,eorth1 whilc thurh the ,heilig ,gast onlihtneth the blindnesse of ure sinfull heorte to trd the wg of wisdome1 and thone ld ure fet into the ,land of ,blessung4 ,english ,,ii4 ,for to forget his ,law is the ,door1 the ,gate and ,key to let in all unrighteousness1 making our ,eyes1 ,ears and ,mouths to answer the lust of ,sin1 our ,brains dull to good ,thoughts1 our ,lips dumb to his ,praise1 our ,ears deaf to his ,gospel1 and our ,eyes dim to behold his ,wonders1 which witness against us that we have not well learned the word of ,god1 that we are the ,children of wrath1 unworthy of the love and manifold gifts of ,god1 greedily following after the ways of the ,devil and witchcraft of the ,world1 doing nothing to free and keep our selves from the burning fire of ,hell1 till we be buried in ,sin and swallowed in ,death1 not to arise again in any hope of ,christ's ,kingdom4 ,saxon ,,ii4 ,for to fuorgytan his ,laga is the ,dure1 the ,gat and ,cg to let in eal unrightwisnysse1 makend ure ,eyge1 ,eore and ,muth to answare the lust of ,sin1 ure ,brgan dole to gode ,theoht1 ure ,lippan dumb to his ,preys1 ure ,earen deaf to his ,gospel1 and ure ,eyge dim to behealden his ,wundra1 whilc ge witnysse ongen us that wee oef noht wel gelred the weord of ,god1 that wee are the ,cilda of ured1 unwyrthe of the lufe and mnigfeald gift of ,god1 grediglice felygend fter the wgen of the ,deoful and wiccraft of the ,weorld1 doend nothing to fry and cp ure saula from the byrnend fyr of ,hell1 till we be geburied in ,synne and swolgen in ,death not to arise agen in nig hope of ,christes ,kynedome4 ,english ,,iii4 ,which draw from above the bitter doom of the ,almighty of ,hunger1 ,sword1 ,sickness1 and brings more sad plagues than those of ,hail1 ,storms1 ,thunder1 ,bloud1 ,frogs1 swarms of ,gnats and ,grashoppers1 which ate the ,corn1 ,grass and ,leaves of the ,trees in gypt4 ,saxon ,,iii4 ,whilc drag from buf the bitter dome of the ,almagan of ,hunger1 ,sweorde1 ,seoknesse1 and bring mere sad plag1 thone they of ,hagal1 ,storme1 ,thunner1 ,blode1 ,frog1 swearme of ,gnt and ,grsupper1 whilc eaten the ,corn1 ,grs and ,leaf of the ,treowen in gypt4 ,english ,,iv4 ,if we reade his ,book and holy ,writ1 these among many others1 we shall find to be the tokens of his hate1 which gathered together might mind us of his will1 and teach us when his wrath beginneth1 which sometimes comes in open strength and full sail1 oft steals like a ,thief in the night1 like ,shafts shot from a ,bow at midnight1 before we think upon them4 ,saxon ,,iv4 ,gyf we rd his ,boc and heilig ,gewrit1 these gemong mnig othern1 we sceall findan the tacna of his hatung whilc gegatherod together miht gemind us of his willan1 and teac us whone his ured onginneth1 whilc sometima come in open strength and fill seyle1 oft stl gelyc a ,theof in the niht1 gelyc ,sceaft scoten fram a ,boge at midneoht1 beforan we thinck uppen them4 ,english ,v4 ,and though they were a deal less1 and rather short than beyond our sins1 yet do we not a whit withstand or forbear them1 we are wedded to1 not weary of our misdeeds1 we seldom look upward1 and are not ashamed under sin1 we cleanse not our selves from the blackness and deep hue of our guilt2 we want tears and sorrow1 we weep not1 fast not1 we crave not forgiveness from the mildness1 sweetness and goodness of ,god1 and with all livelihood and stedfastness to our uttermost will hunt after the evil of guile1 pride1 cursing1 swearing1 drunkenness1 overeating1 uncleanness1 all idle lust of the flesh1 yes many uncouth and nameless sins1 hid in our inmost ,breast and ,bosomes1 which stand betwixt our forgiveness1 and keep ,god and ,man asunder4 ,saxon ,v4 ,and theow they wre a dl lesse1 and reither scort thone begond oure sinnan1 get do we naht a whit withstand and forbeare them1 we eare bewudded to1 noht werig of ure agen misdeed1 we seldon loc upweard1 and ear not ofschmod under sinne1 we cleans noht ure selvan from the blacnesse and dp hue of ure guilt2 we wan teare and sara1 we weope noht1 fst noht1 we craf noht foregyfnesse fram the mildnesse1 sweetnesse and goodnesse of ,god1 and mit eal lifelyhood and stedfastnesse to ure uttermost witt hunt fter the ufel of guile1 pride1 cursung1 swearung1 druncennesse1 overeat1 uncleannesse and eal idle lust of the flsc1 vis mnig uncuth and nameleas sinnan1 hid in ure inmst ,brist and ,bosome1 whilc stand betwixt ure foregyfnesse1 and cp ,god and ,man asynder4 ,english ,,vi4 ,thus are we far beneath and also worse than the rest of ,god's ,works2 for the ,sun and ,moon1 the ,king and ,queen of ,stars1 ,snow1 ,ice1 ,rain1 ,frost1 ,dew1 ,mist1 ,wind1 fourfooted and creeping things1 ,fishes and feathered ,birds1 and ,fowls either of ,sea or ,land do all hold the ,laws of his will4 ,saxon ,,vi4 ,thus eare we far beneoth and ealso wyrse thone the rest of ,gods ,weorka2 for the ,sune and ,mone1 the ,cyng and ,cquen of ,stearran1 ,snaw1 ,ise1 ,ren1 ,frost1 ,deaw1 ,miste1 ,wind1 feower fet and crypend dinga1 ,fix yefetherod ,brid1 and ,flan auther in ,s or ,land do eal heold the ,lag of his willan4 ,thus have you seen in few words how near the ,saxon and ,english meet4 99 99 99 99 99 ,now of this account the ,french will be able to make nothing2 the modern ,danes and ,germans1 though from several words they may conjecture at the meaning1 yet will they be much to seek in the orderly sense and continued construction thereof1 whether the ,danes can continue such a series of sense out of their present ,language and the old ,runick1 as to be intelligible unto present and ancient times1 some doubt may well be made2 and if the present ,french would attempt a ,discourse in words common unto their present ,tongue and the old ,romana ,rustica spoken in ,elder times1 or in the old ,language of the ,francks1 which came to be in use some successions after ,pharamond1 it might prove a ,work of some trouble to effect4 ,it were not impossible to make an ,original reduction of many words of no general reception in ,england but of common use in ,norfolk1 or peculiar to the ,east ,angle ,countries2 as1 ,bawnd1 ,bunny1 ,thurck1 ,enemmis1 ,sammodithee1 ,mawther1 ,kedge1 ,seele1 ,straft1 ,clever1 ,matchly1 ,dere1 ,nicked1 ,stingy1 ,noneare1 ,feft1 ,thepes1 ,gosgood1 ,kamp1 ,sibrit1 ,fangast1 ,sap1 ,cothish1 ,thokish1 ,bide owe1 ,paxwax3 of these and some others of no easie originals1 when time will permit1 the resolution may be attempted2 which to effect1 the ,danish ,language new and more ancient may prove of good advantage3 which ,nation remained here fifty years upon agreement1 and have left many ,families in it1 and the ,language of these parts had surely been more commixed and perplex1 if the ,fleet of ,hugo de ,bones had not been cast away1 wherein threescore thousand ,souldiers out of ,britany and ,flanders were to be wafted over1 and were by ,king ,john's appointment to have a settled habitation in the ,counties of ,norfolk and ,suffolk4 ,but beside your laudable endeavours in the ,saxon1 you are not like to repent you of your studies in the other ,european and ,western ,languages1 for therein are delivered many excellent ,historical1 ,moral and ,philosophical ,discourses1 wherein men merely versed in the learned ,languages are often at a loss3 but although you are so well accomplished in the ,french1 you will not surely conceive that you are master of all the ,languages in ,france1 for to omit the ,briton1 ,britonant or old ,british1 yet retained in some part of ,britany1 ,i shall onely propose this unto your construction4 99 99 99 99 99 ,chavalisco d' aquestes ,boemes chems an freitado lou cap cun taules ,jargonades1 ero necy chi voluiget bouta sin tens emb aquelles4 ,anin lous occells1 che dizen tat prou ben en ein voz ,l' ome nosap comochodochi yen ay jes de plazer1 d' ausir la mitat de paraulles en el mon4 ,this is a part of that ,language which ,scaliger nameth ,idiotismus ,tectosagicus1 or ,langue d' oc1 counterdistinguishing it unto the ,idiotismus ,francicus1 or ,langue d'ouy1 not understood in a petty corner or between a few ,mountains1 but in parts of early civility1 in ,languedoc1 ,provence and ,catalonia1 which put together will make little less than ,england4 ,without some knowledge herein you cannot exactly understand the ,works of ,rablais3 by this the ,french themselves are fain to make out that preserved relique of old ,french1 containing the ,league between ,charles and ,lewis the ,sons of ,ludovicus ,pius4 ,hereby may tolerably be understood the several ,tracts written in the ,catalonian ,tongue2 and in this is published the ,tract of ,falconry written by ,theodosius and ,symmachus3 in this is yet conserved the ,poem ,vilhuardine concerning the ,french expedition in the ,holy ,war1 and the taking of ,constantinople1 among the ,works of ,marius quicola an ,italian ,poet4 ,you may find1 in this ,language1 a pleasant ,dialogue of ,love3 this1 about an hundred years ago1 was in high esteem1 when many ,italian ,wits flocked into ,provence2 and the famous ,petrarcha wrote many of his ,poems in ,vaucluse in that ,country4 99 99 99 99 99 ,for the word ,dread in the ,royal ,title ,dread ,sovereign of which you desire to know the meaning1 ,i return answer unto your question briefly thus4 99 99 99 99 99 ,most men do vulgarly understand this word ,dread after the common and ,english acception1 as implying ,fear1 ,awe or ,dread4 ,others may think to expound it from the ,french word ,droit or ,droyt4 ,for1 whereas in elder times1 the ,presidents and ,supremes of ,courts were termed ,sovereigns1 men might conceive this a distinctive ,title and proper unto the ,king as eminently and by right the ,sovereign4 ,a third exposition may be made from some ,saxon ,original1 particularly from ,driht1 ,domine1 or ,drihten1 ,dominus1 in the ,saxon ,language1 the word for ,dominus throughout the ,saxon ,psalms1 and used in the expression of the year of our ,lord in the ,decretal ,epistle of ,pope ,agatho unto ,athelred ,king of the ,mercians1 ,anno1 #fhj4 ,verstegan would have this term ,drihten appropriate unto ,god4 ,yet1 in the ,constitutions of ,withred#bfg ,king of ,kent1 we find the same word used for a ,lord or ,master1 ,si in vesper prcedente solem servus ex mandato ,domini aliquod opus servile egerit1 ,dominus 7,drihten7 #hj solidis luito4 ,however therefore1 though ,driht1 ,domine1 might be most eminently applied unto the ,lord of ,heaven1 yet might it be also transferred unto ,potentates and ,gods on ,earth1 unto whom fealty is given or due1 according unto the ,feudist term ,ligeus ,ligando unto whom they were bound in fealty4 ,and therefore from ,driht1 ,domine1 ,dread ,sovereign1 may1 probably1 owe its ,original4 #bfg ,v4 ,cl4 ,spelmanni ,concil4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i have not time to enlarge upon this ,subject3 ',pray let this pass1 as it is1 for a ,letter and not for a ,treatise4 ,i am ,yours1 etc4 ,,of ,,artificial ,,hills1 ,,mounts ,,or ,,burrows ,in many parts of ,england4 ,what they are1 to what end raised1 and by what ,nations4 ,,tract ,,ix ,my honoured ,friend ,mr4 ,e4 ,d4#bfh his ,qure4 ',in my last ,summer's ,journey through ,marshland1 ,holland and a great part of the ,fenns1 ,i observed divers artificial heaps of ,earth of a very large magnitude1 and ,i hear of many others which are in other parts of those ,countries1 some of them are at least twenty foot in direct height from the level whereon they stand4 ,i would gladly know your opinion of them1 and whether you think not that they were raised by the ,romans or ,saxons to cover the ,bones or ,ashes of some eminent persons8' #bfh ,sir ,william ,dugdale4--,,ed4 ,my ,answer4 ,worthy ,sir1 ,concerning artificial ,mounts and ,hills1 raised without ,fortifications attending them1 in most parts of ,england1 the most considerable thereof ,i conceive to be of two kinds2 that is1 either ,signal ,boundaries and ,land-,marks1 or else sepulchral ,monuments or ,hills of ,interrment for remarkable and eminent persons1 especially such as died in the ,wars4 ,as for such which are sepulchral ,monuments1 upon bare and naked view they are not appropriable unto any of the three ,nations of the ,romans1 ,saxons or ,danes1 who1 after the ,britaines1 have possessed this ,land2 because upon strict account1 they may be appliable unto them all4 ,for that the ,romans used such hilly ,sepultures1 beside many other testimonies1 seems confirmable from the practice of ,germanicus1 who thus interred the unburied ,bones of the slain ,souldiers of ,varus2 and that expression of ,virgil1 of high antiquity among the ,latins1 --facit ingens monte sub alto ,regis ,dercenni terreno ex aggere ,bustum4 ,that the ,saxons made use of this way is collectible from several ,records1 and that pertinent expression of ,lelandus1#bfi ,saxones gens ,christi ignara1 in hortis amoenis1 si domi forte groti moriebantur2 sin foris et bello occisi1 in egestis per campos terr tumulis 7quos ,burgos appellabant7 sepulti sunt4 #bfi ,leland4 in ,assertione ,regis ,arthuri4 ,that the ,danes observed this practice1 their own ,antiquities do frequently confirm1 and it stands precisely delivered by ,adolphus ,cyprius1 as the learned ,wormius#bgj hath observed4 ,dani olim in memoriam ,regum et ,heroum1 ex terra coacervata ingentes moles1 ,montium instar eminentes1 erexisse1 credibile omnino ac probabile est1 atque illis in locis ut plurimum1 quo spe homines commearent1 atque iter haberent1 ut in viis publicis posteritati memoriam consecrarent1 et quodammodo immortalitati mandarent4 ,and the like ,monuments are yet to be observed in ,norway and ,denmark in no small numbers4 #bgj ,wormius in ,monumentis ,danicis4 ,so that upon a single view and outward observation they may be the ,monuments of any of these three ,nations3 ,although the greatest number1 not improbably1 of the ,saxons2 who fought many ,battels with the ,britaines and ,danes1 and also between their own ,nations1 and left the proper name of ,burrows for these ,hills still retained in many of them1 as the seven ,burrows upon ,salisbury ,plain1 and in many other parts of ,england4 ,but of these and the like ,hills there can be no clear and assured decision without an ocular exploration1 and subterraneous enquiry by cutting through one of them either directly or crosswise4 ,for so with lesser charge discovery may be made what is under them1 and consequently the intention of their erection4 ,for if they were raised for remarkable and eminent ,boundaries1 then about their bottom will be found the lasting substances of burnt ,bones of ,beasts1 of ,ashes1 ,bricks1 ,lime or ,coals4 ,if ,urns be found1 they might be erected by the ,romans before the term of ,urn-burying or custom of burning the dead expired3 but if raised by the ,romans after that period2 ,inscriptions1 ,swords1 ,shields1 and ,arms after the ,roman mode1 may afford a good distinction4 ,but if these ,hills were made by ,saxons or ,danes1 discovery may be made from the fashion of their ,arms1 ,bones of their ,horses1 and other distinguishing substances buried with them4 ,and for such an attempt there wanteth not encouragement4 ,for a like ,mount or ,burrow was opened in the days of ,king ,henry the ,eighth upon ,barham ,down in ,kent1 by the care of ,mr4 ,thomas ,digges and charge of ,sir ,christopher ,hales2 and a large ,urn with ,ashes was found under it1 as is delivered by ,thomas ,twinus ,de ,rebus ,albionicis1 a learned ,man of that ,country1 ,sub incredibili ,terr acervo1 ,urna cinere ossium magnorum fragmentis plena1 cm galeis1 clypeis neis et ferreis rubigine fer consumptis1 inusitat magnitudinis1 eruta est3 sed nulla inscriptio nomen1 nullum testimonium tempus1 aut fortunam exponebant3 and not very long ago1 as ,cambden#bga delivereth1 in one of the ,mounts of ,barklow ,hills in ,essex1 being levelled there were found three ,troughs1 containing broken ,bones1 conceived to have been of ,danes3 and in later time we find1 that a ,burrow was opened in the ,isle of ,man1 wherein fourteen ,urns were found with burnt ,bones in them2 and one more neat than the rest1 placed in a ,bed of fine white ,sand1 containing nothing but a few brittle ,bones1 as having passed the ,fire2 according to the particular account thereof in the description#bgb of the ,isle of ,man4 ,surely many noble ,bones and ,ashes have been contented with such hilly ,tombs2 which neither admitting ,ornament1 ,epitaph or ,inscription1 may1 if ,earthquakes spare them1 out last all other ,monuments4 ,su sunt ,metis met4 ,obelisks have their term1 and ,pyramids will tumble1 but these mountainous ,monuments may stand1 and are like to have the same period with the ,earth4 #bga ,cambd4 ,brit4 p4 #cbf4 #bgb ,published #afef1 by ,dan4 ,king4 99 99 99 99 99 ,more might be said1 but my business1 of another nature1 makes me take off my hand4 ,i am ,yours1 etc4 ,,of ,,troas ,what place is meant by that ,name4 ,also1 of the situations of ,sodom1 ,gomorrha1 ,admah1 ,zeboim1 in the dead ,sea4 ,,tract ,x ,,sir1 ,to your ,geographical ,queries1 ,i answer as follows4 ,in sundry passages of the new ,testament1 in the ,acts of the ,apostles1 and ,epistles of ,s4 ,paul1 we meet with the word ,troas2 how he went from ,troas to ,philippi in ,macedonia1 from thence unto ,troas again3 how he remained seven days in that place2 from thence on foot to ,assos1 whither the ,disciples had sailed from ,troas1 and there1 taking him in1 made their ,voyage unto ,csarea4 ,now1 whether this ,troas be the name of a ,city or a certain ,region seems no groundless doubt of yours3 for that 'twas sometimes taken in the signification of some ,country1 is acknowledged by ,ortelius1 ,stephanus and ,grotius2 and it is plainly set down by ,strabo1 that a ,region of ,phrygia in ,asia minor was so taken in ancient times2 and that1 at the ,trojan ,war1 all the ,territory which comprehended the nine ,principalities subject unto the ,king of ,ilium1 ,troi legomen1 was called by the name of ,troja4 ,and this might seem sufficiently to salve the intention of the description1 when he came or went from ,troas1 that is1 some part of that ,region2 and will otherwise seem strange unto many how he should be said to go or come from that ,city which all ,writers had laid in the ,ashes about a thousand years before4 ,all which notwithstanding1 since we reade in the ,text a particular abode of seven days1 and such particulars as leaving of his ,cloak1 ,books and ,parchments at ,troas3 ,and that ,s4 ,luke seems to have been taken in to the ,travels of ,s4 ,paul in this place1 where he begins in the ,acts to write in the first person1 this may rather seem to have been some ,city or special ,habitation1 than any ,province or ,region without such limitation4 ,now that such a ,city there was1 and that of no mean note1 is easily verified from historical observation4 ,for though old ,ilium was anciently destroyed1 yet was there another raised by the relicts of that people1 not in the same place1 but about thirty ,furlongs westward1 as is to be learned from ,strabo4 ,of this place ,alexander in his expedition against ,darius took especial notice1 endowing it with sundry ,immunities1 with promise of greater matters at his return from ,persia2 inclined hereunto from the honour he bore unto ,homer1 whose earnest ,reader he was1 and upon whose ,poems1 by the help of ,anaxarchus and ,callisthenes1 he made some observations4 ,as also much moved hereto upon the account of his cognation with the acides and ,kings of ,molossus1 whereof ,andromache the ,wife of ,hector was ,queen4 ,after the death of ,alexander1 ,lysimachus surrounded it with a ,wall1 and brought the inhabitants of the neighbour ,towns unto it1 and so it bore the name of ,alexandria2 which1 from ,antigonus1 was also called ,antigonia1 according to the inscription of that famous ,medal in ,goltsius1 ,colonia ,troas ,antigonia ,alexandrea1 ,legio vicesima prima4 ,when the ,romans first went into ,asia against ,antiochus 'twas but a ,kmopolis and no great ,city2 but1 upon the ,peace concluded1 the ,romans much advanced the same4 ,fimbria1 the rebellious ,roman1 spoiled it in the ,mithridatick ,war1 boasting that he had subdued ,troy in eleven days which the ,grecians could not take in almost as many years4 ,but it was again rebuilt and countenanced by the ,romans1 and became a ,roman ,colony1 with great immunities conferred on it2 and accordingly it is so set down by ,ptolomy4 ,for the ,romans1 deriving themselves from the ,trojans1 thought no favour too great for it2 especially ,julius ,csar1 who1 both in imitation of ,alexander1 and for his own descent from ,julus1 of the posterity of neas1 with much passion affected it1 and1 in a discontented humour1#bgc was once in mind to translate the ,roman wealth unto it2 so that it became a very remarkable place1 and was1 in ,strabo's time1 ellogimn polen1 one of the noble ,cities of ,asia4 #bgc ,sueton4 ,and1 if they understood the prediction of ,homer in reference unto the ,romans1 as some expound it in ,strabo1 it might much promote their affection unto that place2 which being a remarkable prophecy1 and scarce to be parallel'd in ,pagan story1 made before ,rome was built1 and concerning the lasting ,reign of the progeny of neas1 they could not but take especial notice of it4 ,for thus is ,neptune made to speak1 when he saved neas from the fury of ,achilles4 ,verum agite hunc subito prsenti morte trahamus ,ne ,cronides ira flammet si fortis ,achilles ,hunc mactet1 fati quem ,lex evadere jussit4 ,ne genus intereat de lto semine totum ,dardani ab excelso pr cunctis prolibus olim1 ,dilecti quos mortali stirpe creavit1 ,nunc etiam ,priami stirpem ,saturnius odit1 ,trojugenum posthc neas sceptra tenebit ,et nati natorum et qui nascentur ab illis4 ,the ,roman favours were also continued unto ,s4 ,paul's days2 for ,claudius1#bgd producing an ancient ,letter of the ,romans unto ,king ,seleucus concerning the ,trojan ,privileges1 made a ,release of their ,tributes2 and ,nero ,,sn3 ,tacit4 l4 #ac4 elegantly pleaded for their ,immunities1 and remitted all ,tributes unto them4 #bgd ,sueton4 ,and1 therefore1 there being so remarkable a ,city in this ,territory1 it may seem too hard to loose the same in the general name of the ,country2 and since it was so eminently favoured by ,emperours1 enjoying so many ,immunities1 and full of ,roman ,privileges1 it was probably very populous1 and a fit abode for ,s4 ,paul1 who being a ,roman ,citizen1 might live more quietly himself1 and have no small number of faithfull well-wishers in it4 ,yet must we not conceive that this was the old ,troy1 or re-built in the same place with it3 for ,troas was placed about thirty ,furlongs ,west1 and upon the ,sea shore2 so that1 to hold a clearer apprehension hereof than is commonly delivered in the ,discourses of the ,ruines of ,troy1 we may consider one ,inland ,troy or old ,ilium1 which was built farther within the ,land1 and so was removed from the ,port where the ,grecian ,fleet lay in ,homer2 and another ,maritime ,troy1 which was upon the ,sea ,coast placed in the ,maps of ,ptolomy1 between ,lectum and ,sigum or ,port ,janizam1 ,southwest from the old ,city1 which was this of ,s4 ,paul1 and whereunto are appliable the particular accounts of ,bellonius1 when1 not an hundred years ago1 he described the ,ruines of ,troy with their ,baths1 ,aqueducts1 ,walls and ,towers1 to be seen from the ,sea as he sailed between it and ,tenedos2 and where1 upon nearer view1 he observed some signs and impressions of his conversion in the ruines of ,churches1 ,crosses1 and ,inscriptions upon ,stones4 ,nor was this onely a famous ,city in the days of ,s4 ,paul1 but considerable long after4 ,for1 upon the ,letter of ,adrianus ,,sn3 ,philostrat4 in ,vita ,herodis ,attici41 ,herodes ,atticus1 at a great charge1 repaired their ,baths1 contrived ,aqueducts and noble ,water-courses in it4 ,as is also collectible from the ,medals of ,caracalla1 of ,severus1 and ,crispina2 with ,inscriptions1 ,colonia ,alexandria ,troas1 bearing on the ,reverse either an ,horse1 a ,temple1 or a ,woman2 denoting their destruction by an ,horse1 their prayers for the ,emperour's safety1 and1 as some conjecture1 the memory of ,sibylla1 ,phrygia or ,hellespontica4 ,nor wanted this ,city the favour of ,christian ,princes1 but was made a ,bishop's ,see under the ,archbishop of ,cyzicum2 but in succeeding discords was destroyed and ruined1 and the nobler ,stones translated to ,constantinople by the ,turks to beautifie their ,mosques and other ,buildings4 ,concerning the ,dead ,sea1 accept of these few ,remarks4 ,in the ,map of the ,dead ,sea we meet with the ,figure of the ,cities which were destroyed3 of ,sodom1 ,gomorrha1 ,admah and ,zeboim2 but with no uniformity2 men placing them variously1 and1 from the uncertainty of their situation1 taking a fair liberty to set them where they please4 ,for ,admah1 ,zeboim and ,gomorrha1 there is no light from the ,text to define their situation4 ,but1 that ,sodom could not be far from ,segor which was seated under the ,mountains near the side of the ,lake1 seems inferrible from the sudden arrival of ,lot1 who1 coming from ,sodom at day break1 attained to ,segor at ,sun rising2 and therefore ,sodom is to be placed not many miles from it1 not in the middle of the ,lake1 which against that place is about eighteen miles over1 and so will leave nine miles to be gone in so small a space of time4 ,the ,valley being large1 the ,lake now in length about seventy ,english miles1 the ,river ,jordan and divers others running over the ,plain1 'tis probable the best ,cities were seated upon those ,streams3 but how the ,jordan passed or winded1 or where it took in the other ,streams1 is a point too old for ,geography to determine4 ,for1 that the ,river gave the fruitfulness unto this ,valley by over watring that low ,region1 seems plain from that expression in the ,text1#bge that it was watered1 sicut ,paradisus et gyptus1 like ,eden and the ,plains of ,mesopotamia1 where ,euphrates yearly overfloweth2 or like gypt where ,nilus doth the like3 and seems probable also from the same course of the ,river not far above this ,valley where the ,israelites passed ,jordan1 where 'tis said that ,jordan overfloweth its ,banks in the time of ,harvest4 #bge ,gen4 #ac4 #aj4 ,that it must have had some passage under ground in the compass of this ,valley before the creation of this ,lake1 seems necessary from the great current of ,jordan1 and from the ,rivers ,arnon1 ,cedron1 ,zaeth1 which empty into this ,valley2 but where to place that concurrence of ,waters or place of its absorbition1 there is no authentick decision4 ,the probablest place may be set somewhat ,southward1 below the ,rivers that run into it on the ,east or ,western ,shore3 and somewhat agreeable unto the account which ,brocardus received from the ,sarazens which lived near it1 ,jordanem ingredi ,mare ,mortuum et rursum egredi1 sed post exiguum intervallum ,terra absorberi4 ,strabo speaks naturally of this ,lake1 that it was first caused by ,earthquakes1 by sulphureous and bituminous eruptions1 arising from the ,earth4 ,but the ,scripture makes it plain to have been from a miraculous hand1 and by a remarkable expression1 pluit ,dominus ignem et ,sulphur ,domino4 ,see also ,deut4 #bi4 in ardore ,salis3 burning the ,cities and destroying all things about the ,plain1 destroying the vegetable nature of ,plants and all living things1 salting and making barren the whole ,soil1 and1 by these fiery ,showers1 kindling and setting loose the body of the bituminous ,mines1 which shewed their lower ,veins before but in some few ,pits and openings1 swallowing up the ,foundation of their ,cities2 opening the bituminous ,treasures below1 and making a smoak like a ,furnace able to be discerned by ,abraham at a good distance from it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,if this little may give you satisfaction1 ,i shall be glad1 as being1 ,sir1 ,yours1 etc4 ,,of ,,the ,,answers of the ,oracle of ,apollo at ,delphos to ,croesus ,king of ,lydia ,,tract ,,xi ,,sir1 ,among the ,oracles#bgf of ,appollo there are none more celebrated than those which he delivered unto ,croesus ,king of ,lydia1#bgg who seems of all ,princes to have held the greatest dependence on them4 ,but most considerable are his plain and intelligible replies which he made unto the same ,king1 when he sent his ,chains of ,captivity unto ,delphos1 after his overthrow by ,cyrus1 with sad expostulations why he encouraged him unto that fatal ,war by his ,oracle1 saying1#bgh ,croesus1 if he ,wars against the ,persians1 shall dissolve a great ,empire4 ,why1 at least1 he prevented not that sad infelicity of his devoted and bountifull ,servant1 and whether it were fair or honourable for the ,gods of ,greece to be ingratefull3 which being a plain and open delivery of ,delphos1 and scarce to be parallel'd in any ancient story1 it may well deserve your farther consideration4 #bgf ,see ,vulg4 ,err4 l4 #g4 c4 #ab4 #bgg ,herod4 l4 #a4 #df1 #dg1 etc4 #ij1 #ia4 #bgh ,prolegousai ,krois1 n strateutai epi ,persas1 megaln archn min katalysein4 ,herod4 ,ibid4 #ed4 #a4 ,his first reply was1 ,that ,croesus suffered not for himself2 but paid the transgression of his fifth predecessour1 who kill'd his ,master and usurp'd the dignity unto which he held no title4 ,now whether ,croesus suffered upon this account or not1 hereby he plainly betrayed his insufficiency to protect him2 and also obliquely discovered he had a knowledge of his misfortune2 for knowing that wicked act lay yet unpunished1 he might well divine some of his successours might smart for it3 and also understanding he was like to be the last of that race1 he might justly fear and conclude this infelicity upon him4 ,hereby he also acknowledged the inevitable justice of ,god2 that though ,revenge lay dormant1 it would not always sleep2 and consequently confessed the just hand of ,god punishing unto the third and fourth generation1 nor suffering such iniquities to pass for ever unrevenged4 ,hereby he flatteringly encouraged him in the opinion of his own merits1 and that he onely suffered for other mens transgressions3 mean while he concealed ,croesus his pride1 elation of mind and secure conceit of his own unparallel'd felicity1 together with the vanity1 pride and height of luxury of the ,lydian ,nation1 which the ,spirit of ,delphos knew well to be ripe and ready for destruction4 #b4 ,a ,second excuse was1 ,that it is not in the power of ,god to hinder the ,decree of ,fate4 ,a general evasion for any falsified prediction founded upon the common opinion of ,fate1 which impiously subjecteth the power of ,heaven unto it2 widely discovering the folly of such as repair unto him concerning future events3 which1 according unto this rule1 must go on as the ,fates have ordered1 beyond his power to prevent or theirs to avoid2 and consequently teaching that his ,oracles had onely this use to render men more miserable by foreknowing their misfortunes2 whereof ,croesus himself had a sensible experience in that ,dmoniacal ,dream concerning his eldest ,son1 ,that he should be killed by a ,spear1 which1 after all care and caution1 he found inevitably to befall him4 #c4 ,in his ,third ,apology he assured him that he endeavoured to transfer the evil ,fate and to pass it upon his ,children2 and did however procrastinate his infelicity1 and deferred the destruction of ,sardis and his own ,captivity three years longer than was fatally decreed upon it4 ,wherein while he wipes off the stain of ,ingratitude1 he leaves no small doubt whether1 it being out of his power to contradict or transfer the ,fates of his ,servants1 it be not also beyond it to defer such signal events1 and whereon the ,fates of whole ,nations do depend4 ,as also1 whether he intended or endeavoured to bring to pass what he pretended1 some question might be made4 ,for that he should attempt or think he could translate his infelicity upon his ,sons1 it could not consist with his judgment1 which attempts not impossibles or things beyond his power2 nor with his knowledge of future things1 and the ,fates of succeeding ,generations3 for he understood that ,monarchy was to expire in himself1 and could particularly foretell the infelicity of his ,sons1 and hath also made remote predictions unto others concerning the fortunes of many succeeding descents2 as appears in that answer unto ,attalus1 ,be of good courage1 ,attalus1 thou shalt reign ,and thy ,sons ,sons1 but not their ,sons again4 ,as also unto ,cypselus ,king of ,corinth4 ,happy is the ,man who at my ,altar stands1 ,great ,cypselus who ,corinth now commands4 ,happy is he1 his ,sons shall happy be1 ,but for their ,sons1 unhappy days they'll see4 ,now1 being able to have so large a prospect of future things1 and of the fate of many ,generations1 it might well be granted he was not ignorant of the ,fate of ,croesus his ,sons1 and well understood it was in vain to think to translate his misery upon them4 #d4 ,in the ,fourth part of his reply1 he clears himself of ,ingratitude which ,hell it self cannot hear of2 alledging that he had saved his life when he was ready to be burnt1 by sending a mighty ,showre1 in a fair and cloudless day1 to quench the ,fire already kindled1 which all the ,servants of ,cyrus could not doe4 ,though this ,shower might well be granted1 as much concerning his honour1 and not beyond his power2 yet whether this mercifull ,showre fell not out contingently or were not contrived by an higher power1 which hath often pity upon ,pagans1 and rewardeth their vertues sometimes with extraordinary temporal favours2 also1 in no unlike case1 who was the authour of those few fair minutes1 which1 in a showry day1 gave onely time enough for the burning of ,sylla's ,body1 some question might be made4 #e4 ,the last excuse devolveth the errour and miscarriage of the business upon ,croesus1 and that he deceived himself by an inconsiderate misconstruction of his ,oracle1 that if he had doubted1 he should not have passed it over in silence1 but consulted again for an exposition of it4 ,besides1 he had neither discussed1 nor well perpended his ,oracle concerning ,cyrus1 whereby he might have understood not to engage against him4 ,wherein1 to speak indifferently1 the deception and miscarriage seems chiefly to lie at ,croesus his door1 who1 if not infatuated with confidence and security1 might justly have doubted the construction3 besides1 he had received two ,oracles before1 which clearly hinted an unhappy time unto him3 the first concerning ,cyrus4 ,when ever a ,mule shall o'er the ,medians reign1 ,stay not1 but unto ,hermus fly amain4 ,herein though he understood not the ,median ,mule of ,cyrus1 that is1 of his mixed descent1 and from ,assyrian and ,median ,parents1 yet he could not but apprehend some misfortune from that quarter4 ,though this prediction seemed a notable piece of ,divination1 yet did it not so highly magnifie his natural sagacity or knowledge of future events as was by many esteemed2 he having no small assistance herein from the ,prophecy of ,daniel concerning the ,persian ,monarchy1 and the ,prophecy of ,jeremiah and ,isaiah1 wherein he might reade the name of ,cyrus who should restore the ,captivity of the ,jews1 and must1 therefore1 be the great ,monarch and ,lord of all those ,nations4 ,the same misfortune was also foretold when he demanded of ,apollo if ever he should hear his dumb ,son speak4 ,o foolish ,croesus who hast made this choice1 ,to know when thou shalt hear thy dumb ,son's voice2 ,better he still were mute1 would nothing say1 ,when he first speaks1 look for a dismal day4 ,this1 if he contrived not the time and the means of his recovery1 was no ordinary divination3 yet how to make out the verity of the story some doubt may yet remain4 ,for though the causes of deafness and dumbness were removed1 yet since words are attained by hearing1 and men speak not without instruction1 how he should be able immediately to utter such apt and significant words1 as ,anthrpe1 m kteine ,kroison1#bgi ,o ,man slay not ,croesus1 it cannot escape some doubt1 since the ,story also delivers1 that he was deaf and dumb1 that he then first began to speak1 and spake all his life after4 #bgi ,herod4 l4 #a4 #he4 ,now1 if ,croesus had consulted again for a clearer exposition of what was doubtfully delivered1 whether the ,oracle would have spake out the second time or afforded a clearer answer1 some question might be made from the examples of his practice upon the like demands4 ,so when the ,spartans had often fought with ill success against the ,tegeates1 they consulted the ,oracle what ,god they should appease1 to become victorious over them4 ,the answer was1 that they should remove the ,bones of ,orestes4 ,though the words were plain1 yet the thing was obscure1 and like finding out the ,body of ,moses4 ,and therefore they once more demanded in what place they should find the same2 unto whom he returned this answer1 ,when in the ,tegean ,plains a place thou find'st ,where blasts are made by two impetuous ,winds1 ,where that that strikes is struck1 blows follow blows1 ,there doth the ,earth ,orestes ,bones enclose4 ,which obscure reply the wisest of ,sparta could not make out1 and was casually unriddled by one talking with a ,smith who had found large ,bones of a ,man buried about his ,house2 the ,oracle importing no more than a ,smith's ,forge1 expressed by a ,double ,bellows1 the ,hammer and ,anvil therein4 ,now1 why the ,oracle should place such consideration upon the ,bones of ,orestes the ,son of ,agamemnon1 a mad man and a murtherer1 if not to promote the idolatry of the ,heathens1 and maintain a superstitious veneration of things of no activity1 it may leave no small obscurity4 ,or why1 in a business so clear in his knowledge1 he should affect so obscure expressions it may also be wondred2 if it were not to maintain the wary and evasive method in his answers3 for1 speaking obscurely in things beyond doubt within his knowledge1 he might be more tolerably dark in matters beyond his prescience4 ,though ,,ei were inscribed over the ,gate of ,delphos1 yet was there no uniformity in his deliveries4 ,sometimes with that obscurity as argued a fearfull prophecy2 sometimes so plainly as might confirm a spirit of divinity2 sometimes morally1 deterring from vice and villany2 another time vitiously1 and in the spirit of bloud and cruelty3 observably modest in his civil enigma and periphrasis of that part which old ,numa would plainly name1#bhj and ,medea would not understand1 when he advised geus not to draw out his foot before1 untill he arriv'd upon the ,athenian ground2 whereas another time he seemed too literal in that unseemly epithet unto ,cyanus ,king of ,cyprus1#bha and put a beastly trouble upon all gypt to find out the ,urine of a true ,virgin4 ,sometimes1 more beholding unto memory than invention1 he delighted to express himself in the bare ,verses of ,homer4 ,but that he principally affected ,poetry1 and that the ,priest not onely or always composed his prosal raptures into ,verse1 seems plain from his necromantical ,prophecies1 whilst the dead ,head in ,phlegon delivers a long ,prediction in ,verse2 and at the raising of the ,ghost of ,commodus unto ,caracalla1 when none of his ,ancestours would speak1 the divining ,spirit versified his infelicities2 corresponding herein to the apprehensions of elder times1 who conceived not onely a ,majesty but something of ,divinity in ,poetry1 and as in ancient times the old ,theologians delivered their inventions4 #bhj ,plut4 in ,thes4 #bha ,v4 ,herod4 ,some critical ,readers might expect in his oraculous ,poems a more than ordinary strain and true spirit of ,apollo2 not contented to find that ,spirits make ,verses like ,men1 beating upon the filling ,epithet1 and taking the licence of dialects and lower helps1 common to humane ,poetry2 wherein1 since ,scaliger1 who hath spared none of the ,greeks1 hath thought it wisedom to be silent1 we shall make no excursion4 ,others may wonder how the curiosity of elder times1 having this opportunity of his ,answers1 omitted ,natural ,questions2 or how the old ,magicians discovered no more ,philosophy2 and if they had the assistance of ,spirits1 could rest content with the bare assertions of things1 without the knowledge of their causes2 whereby they had made their ,acts iterable by sober hands1 and a standing part of ,philosophy4 ,many wise ,divines hold a reality in the wonders of the gyptian ,magicians1 and that those magnalia which they performed before ,pharaoh were not mere delusions of ,sense4 ,rightly to understand how they made ,serpents out of ,rods2 ,froggs and ,bloud of ,water1 were worth half ,porta's ,magick4 ,hermolaus ,barbarus was scarce in his wits1 when1 upon conference with a ,spirit1 he would demand no other question than the explication of ,aristotle's ,entelecheia4 ,appion the ,grammarian1 that would raise the ,ghost of ,homer to decide the ,controversie of his ,country1 made a frivolous and pedantick use of ,necromancy4 ,philostratus did as little1 that call'd up the ,ghost of ,achilles for a particular of the ,story of ,troy4 ,smarter curiosities would have been at the great ,elixir1 the ,flux and ,reflux of the ,sea1 with other noble obscurities in ,nature2 but probably all in vain3 in matters cognoscible and framed for our disquisition1 our ,industry must be our ,oracle1 and ,reason our ,apollo4 ,not to know things without the ,arch of our intellectuals1 or what ,spirits apprehend1 is the imperfection of our nature not our knowledge1 and rather inscience than ignorance in man4 ,revelation might render a great part of the ,creation easie which now seems beyond the stretch of humane indagation1 and welcome no doubt from good hands might be a true ,almagest1 and great celestial construction3 a clear ,systeme of the planetical ,bodies of the invisible and seeming useless ,stars unto us1 of the many ,suns in the eighth ,sphere1 what they are1 what they contain and to what more immediately those ,stupendous ,bodies are serviceable4 ,but being not hinted in the authentick ,revelation of ,god1 nor known how far their discoveries are stinted2 if they should come unto us from the mouth of evil ,spirits1 the belief thereof might be as unsafe as the enquiry4 99 99 99 99 99 ,this is a copious ,subject2 but1 having exceeded the bounds of a letter1 ,i will not1 now1 pursue it farther4 ,i am ,yours1 etc4 ,a ,,prophecy ,concerning the future state of several ,nations1 ,in a ,letter written upon occasion of an old ,prophecy sent to the ,authour from a ,friend1 with a ,request that he would consider it4 ,,tract ,,xii ,,sir1 ,i take no pleasure in ,prophecies so hardly intelligible1 and pointing at future things from a pretended spirit of ,divination2 of which sort this seems to be which came unto your hand1 and you were pleased to send unto me4 ,and therefore1 for your easier apprehension1 divertisement and consideration1 ,i present you with a very different kind of prediction3 not positively or peremptorily telling you what shall come to pass2 yet pointing at things not without all reason or probability of their events2 not built upon fatal decrees1 or inevitable designations1 but upon conjectural foundations1 whereby things wished may be promoted1 and such as are feared1 may more probably be prevented4 ,,the ,,prophecy ,when ,new ,england shall trouble ,new ,spain4 ,when ,jamaica shall be ,lady of the ,isles and the ,main4 ,when ,spain shall be in ,america hid1 ,and ,mexico shall prove a ,madrid4 ,when ,mahomet's ,ships on the ,baltick shall ride1 ,and ,turks shall labour to have ,ports on that side4 ,when ,africa shall no more sell out their ,blacks ,to make ,slaves and ,drudges to the ,american ,tracts4 ,when ,batavia the ,old shall be contemn'd by the ,new4 ,when a new ,drove of ,tartars shall ,china subdue4 ,when ,america shall cease to send out its ,treasure1 ,but employ it at home in ,american ,pleasure4 ,when the new ,world shall the old invade1 ,nor count them their ,lords but their fellows in ,trade4 ,when ,men shall almost pass to ,venice by ,land1 ,not in deep ,water but from ,sand to ,sand4 ,when ,nova ,zembla shall be no stay ,unto those who pass to or from ,cathay4 ,then think strange things are come to light1 ,whereof but few have had a foresight4 ,,the ,,exposition ,,of ,,the ,,prophecy ,when ,new ,england shall trouble ,new ,spain4 ,that is1 ,when that thriving ,colony1 which hath so much encreased in our days1 and in the space of about fifty years1 that they can1 as they report1 raise between twenty and thirty thousand men upon an exigency1 shall in process of time be so advanced1 as to be able to send forth ,ships and ,fleets1 as to infest the ,american ,spanish ,ports and ,maritime ,dominions by depredations or assaults2 for which attempts they are not like to be unprovided1 as abounding in the ,materials for ,shipping1 ,oak and ,firre4 ,and when length of time shall so far encrease that industrious people1 that the neighbouring ,country will not contain them1 they will range still farther and be able1 in time1 to set forth great ,armies1 seek for new possessions1 or make considerable and conjoined migrations1 according to the custom of swarming ,northern ,nations2 wherein it is not likely that they will move ,northward1 but toward the ,southern and richer ,countries1 which are either in the ,dominions or ,frontiers of the ,spaniards3 and may not improbably erect new ,dominions in places not yet thought of1 and yet1 for some ,centuries1 beyond their power or ,ambition4 ,when ,jamaica shall be ,lady of the ,isles and the ,main4 ,that is1 ,when that advantageous ,island shall be well peopled1 it may become so strong and potent as to over-power the neighbouring ,isles1 and also a part of the main ,land1 especially the ,maritime parts4 ,and already in their infancy they have given testimony of their power and courage in their bold attempts upon ,campeche and ,santa ,martha2 and in that notable attempt upon ,panama on the ,western side of ,america3 especially considering this ,island is sufficiently large to contain a numerous people1 of a ,northern and warlike descent1 addicted to martial affairs both by ,sea and ,land1 and advantageously seated to infest their neighbours both of the ,isles and the ,continent1 and like to be a receptacle for ,colonies of the same originals from ,barbadoes and the neighbour ,isles4 ,when ,spain shall be in ,america hid2 ,and ,mexico shall prove a ,madrid4 ,that is1 ,when ,spain1 either by unexpected disasters1 or continued emissions of people into ,america1 which have already thinned the ,country1 shall be farther exhausted at home3 or when1 in process of time1 their ,colonies shall grow by many accessions more than their ,originals1 then ,mexico may become a ,madrid1 and as considerable in people1 wealth and splendour2 wherein that place is already so well advanced1 that accounts scarce credible are given of it4 ,and it is so advantageously seated1 that1 by ,acapulco and other ,ports on the ,south ,sea1 they may maintain a communication and commerce with the ,indian ,isles and ,territories1 and with ,china and ,japan1 and on this side1 by ,porto ,belo and others1 hold correspondence with ,europe and ,africa4 ,when ,mahomet's ,ships in the ,baltick shall ride4 ,of this we cannot be out of all fear2 for1 if the ,turk should master ,poland1 he would be soon at this ,sea4 ,and from the odd constitution of the ,polish ,government1 the divisions among themselves1 jealousies between their ,kingdom and ,republick2 vicinity of the ,tartars1 treachery of the ,cossacks1 and the method of ,turkish ,policy1 to be at ,peace with the ,emperour of ,germany when he is at ,war with the ,poles1 there may be cause to fear that this may come to pass4 ,and then he would soon endeavour to have ,ports upon that ,sea1 as not wanting ,materials for ,shipping4 ,and1 having a new acquist of stout and warlike men1 may be a terrour unto the confiners on that ,sea1 and to ,nations which now conceive themselves safe from such an ,enemy4 ,when ,africa shall no more sell out their ,blacks4 ,that is1 ,when ,african ,countries shall no longer make it a common ,trade to sell away the people to serve in the drudgery of ,american ,plantations4 ,and that may come to pass when ever they shall be well civilized1 and acquainted with ,arts and ,affairs sufficient to employ people in their ,countries3 if also they should be converted to ,christianity1 but especially unto ,mahometism2 for then they would never sell those of their ,religion to be ,slaves unto ,christians4 ,when ,batavia the ,old shall be contemn'd by the ,new4 ,when the ,plantations of the ,hollanders at ,batavia in the ,east ,indies1 and other places in the ,east ,indies1 shall1 by their conquests and advancements1 become so powerfull in the ,indian ,territories2 ,then their ,original ,countries and ,states of ,holland are like to be contemned by them1 and obeyed onely as they please4 ,and they seem to be in a way unto it at present by their several ,plantations1 new acquists and enlargements3 and they have lately discovered a part of the ,southern ,continent1 and several places which may be serviceable unto them1 when ever time shall enlarge them unto such necessities4 ,and a new ,drove of ,tartars shall ,china subdue4 ,which is no strange thing if we consult the ,histories of ,china1 and successive ,inundations made by ,tartarian ,nations4 ,for when the ,invaders1 in process of time1 have degenerated into the effeminacy and softness of the ,chineses1 then they themselves have suffered a new ,tartarian ,conquest and ,inundation4 ,and this hath happened from time beyond our ,histories3 for1 according to their account1 the famous ,wall of ,china1 built against the irruptions of the ,tartars1 was begun above a hundred years before the ,incarnation4 ,when ,america shall cease to send forth its treasure1 ,but employ it at home for ,american ,pleasure4 ,that is1 ,when ,america shall be better civilized1 new policied and divided between great ,princes1 it may come to pass that they will no longer suffer their ,treasure of ,gold and ,silver to be sent out to maintain the ,luxury of ,europe and other parts3 but rather employ it to their own advantages1 in great ,exploits and ,undertakings1 magnificent ,structures1 ,wars or ,expeditions of their own4 ,when the new ,world shall the old invade4 ,that is1 ,when ,america shall be so well peopled1 civilized and divided into ,kingdoms1 they are like to have so little regard of their ,originals1 as to acknowledge no subjection unto them3 they may also have a distinct commerce between themselves1 or but independently with those of ,europe1 and may hostilely and pyratically assault them1 even as the ,greek and ,roman ,colonies after a long time dealt with their ,original ,countries4 ,when ,men shall almost pass to ,venice by ,land1 ,not in deep ,waters but from ,sand to ,sand4 ,that is1 ,when1 in long process of time1 the ,silt and ,sands shall so choak and shallow the ,sea in and about it4 ,and this hath considerably come to pass within these fourscore years2 and is like to encrease from several causes1 especially by the turning of the ,river ,brenta1 as the learned ,castelli hath declared4 ,when ,nova ,zembla shall be no stay ,unto those who pass to or from ,cathay4 ,that is1 ,when ever that often sought for ,northeast passage unto ,china and ,japan shall be discovered2 the hindrance whereof was imputed to ,nova ,zembla2 for this was conceived to be an excursion of ,land shooting out directly1 and so far ,northward into the ,sea that it discouraged from all ,navigation about it4 ,and therefore ,adventurers took in at the ,southern part at a strait by ,waygatz next the ,tartarian ,shore3 and1 sailing forward they found that ,sea frozen and full of ,ice1 and so gave over the attempt4 ,but of late years1 by the diligent enquiry of some ,moscovites1 a better discovery is made of these parts1 and a ,map or ,chart made of them4 ,thereby ,nova ,zembla is found to be no ,island extending very far ,northward2 but1 winding ,eastward1 it joineth to the ,tartarian ,continent1 and so makes a ,peninsula3 and the ,sea between it which they entred at ,waygatz1 is found to be but a large ,bay1 apt to be frozen by reason of the great ,river of ,oby1 and other fresh ,waters1 entring into it3 whereas the main ,sea doth not freez upon the ,north of ,zembla except near unto ,shores2 so that if the ,moscovites were skilfull ,navigatours they might1 with less difficulties1 discover this passage unto ,china3 but however the ,english1 ,dutch and ,danes are now like to attempt it again4 99 99 99 99 99 ,but this is ,conjecture1 and not ,prophecy3 and so 7,i know7 you will take it4 ,i am1 ,sir1 etc4 ,,mus,,um ,,clausum or ,bibliotheca ,abscondita3 ,containing some remarkable ,books1 ,antiquities1 ,pictures and ,rarities of several kinds1 scarce or never seen by any man now living4 ,,tract ,,xiii ,,sir1 ,with many thanks ,i return that noble ,catalogue of ,books1 ,rarities and ,singularities of ,art and ,nature1 which you were pleased to communicate unto me4 ,there are many ,collections of this kind in ,europe4 ,and1 besides the printed accounts of the ,musum ,aldrovandi1 ,calceolarianum1 ,moscardi1 ,wormianum2 the ,casa ,abbellitta at ,loretto1 and ,threasor of ,s4 ,dennis1 the ,repository of the ,duke of ,tuscany1 that of the ,duke of ,saxony1 and that noble one of the ,emperour at ,vienna1 and many more are of singular note4 ,of what in this kind ,i have by me ,i shall make no repetition1 and you having already had a view thereof1 ,i am bold to present you with the ,list of a ,collection1 which ,i may justly say you have not seen before4 ,the ,title is1 as above1 ,musum ,clausum1 or ,bibliotheca ,abscondita3 containing some remarkable ,books1 ,antiquities1 ,pictures and ,rarities of several kinds1 scarce or never seen by any man now living4 #a4 ,rare and generally unknown ,books4 ,a poem of ,ovidius ,naso1 written in the ,getick ,language1#bhb during his exile at ,tomos1 found wrapt up in ,wax at ,sabaria1 on the ,frontiers of ,hungary1 where there remains a tradition that he died1 in his return towards ,rome from ,tomos1 either after his pardon or the death of ,augustus4 #bhb ,ah pudet et scripsi ,getico sermone ,libellum4 #b4 ,the ,letter of ,quintus ,cicero1 which he wrote in answer to that of his ,brother ,marcus ,tullius1 desiring of him an account of ,britany1 wherein are described the ,country1 ,state and ,manners of the ,britains of that ,age4 #c4 ,an ,ancient ,british ,herbal1 or description of divers ,plants of this ,island1 observed by that famous ,physician ,scribonius ,largus1 when he attended the ,emperour ,claudius in his expedition into ,britany4 #d4 ,an exact account of the ,life and ,death of ,avicenna confirming the account of his ,death by taking nine ,clysters together in a fit of the ,colick2 and not as ,marius the ,italian ,poet delivereth1 by being broken upon the ,wheel2 left with other ,pieces by ,benjamin ,tudelensis1 as he travelled from ,saragossa to ,jerusalem1 in the hands of ,abraham ,jarchi1 a famous ,rabbi of ,lunet near ,montpelier1 and found in a ,vault when the ,walls of that ,city were demolished by ,lewis the ,thirteenth4 #e4 ,a punctual relation of ,hannibal's march out of ,spain into ,italy1 and far more particular than that of ,livy1 where about he passed the ,river ,rhodanus or ,rhosne2 at what place he crossed the ,isura or ,l'isere2 when he marched up toward the confluence of the ,sone and the ,rhone1 or the place where the ,city ,lyons was afterward built2 how wisely he decided the difference between ,king ,brancus and his ,brother1 at what place he passed the ,alpes1 what ,vinegar he used1 and where he obtained such quantity to break and calcine the ,rocks made hot with ,fire4 #f4 ,a learned ,comment upon the ,periplus of ,hanno the ,carthaginian1 or his ,navigation upon the ,western ,coast of ,africa1 with the several places he landed at2 what ,colonies he settled1 what ,ships were scattered from his ,fleet near the quinoctial ,line1 which were not afterward heard of1 and which probably fell into the ,trade ,winds1 and were carried over into the ,coast of ,america4 #g4 ,a particular ,narration of that famous ,expedition of the ,english into ,barbary in the ninety fourth year of the ,hegira1 so shortly touched by ,leo ,africanus1 whither called by the ,goths they besieged1 took and burnt the ,city of ,arzilla possessed by the ,mahometans1 and lately the seat of ,gayland2 with many other exploits delivered at large in ,arabick1 lost in the ,ship of ,books and ,rarities which the ,king of ,spain took from ,siddy ,hamet ,king of ,fez1 whereof a great part were carried into the ,escurial1 and conceived to be gathered out of the relations of ,hibnu ,nachu1 the best ,historian of the ,african ,affairs4 #h4 ,a ,fragment of ,pythas that ancient ,traveller of ,marseille2 which we suspect not to be spurious1 because1 in the description of the ,northern ,countries1 we find that passage of ,pythas mentioned by ,strabo1 that all the ,air beyond ,thule is thick1 condensed and gellied1 looking just like ,sea ,lungs4 #i4 ,a ,sub ,marine ,herbal1 describing the several ,vegetables found on the ,rocks1 ,hills1 ,valleys1 ,meadows at the bottom of the ,sea1 with many sorts of ,alga1 ,fucus1 ,quercus1 ,polygonum1 ,gramens and others not yet described4 #aj4 ,some ,manuscripts and ,rarities brought from the ,libraries of thiopia1 by ,zaga ,zaba1 and afterward transported to ,rome1 and scattered by the ,souldiers of the ,duke of ,bourbon1 when they barbarously sacked that ,city4 #aa4 ,some ,pieces of ,julius ,scaliger1 which he complains to have been stoln from him1 sold to the ,bishop of ,mende in ,languedock1 and afterward taken away and sold in the ,civil ,wars under the ,duke of ,rohan4 #ab4 ,a ,comment of ,dioscorides upon ,hyppocrates1 procured from ,constantinople by ,amatus ,lusitanus1 and left in the hands of a ,jew of ,ragusa4 #ac4 ,marcus ,tullius ,cicero his ,geography2 as also a part of that magnified ,piece of his ,de ,republica1 very little answering the great expectation of it1 and short of ,pieces under the same name by ,bodinus and ,tholosanus4 #ad4 ,king ,mithridates his ,oneirocritica4 ,aristotle de ,precationibus4 ,democritus de his qu fiunt apud ,orcum1 et ,oceani circumnavigatio4 ,epicurus de ,pietate4 ,a ,tragedy of ,thyestes1 and another of ,medea1 writ by ,diogenes the ,cynick4 ,king ,alfred upon ,aristotle de ,plantis4 ,seneca's ,epistles to ,s4 ,paul4 ,king ,solomon de ,umbris ,idarum1 which ,chicus ,asculnus1 in his ,comment upon ,johannes de ,sacrobosco1 would make us believe he saw in the ,library of the ,duke of ,bavaria4 #ae4 ,artemidori ,oneirocritici ,geographia4 ,pythagoras de ,mari ,rubro4 ,the ,works of ,confutius the famous ,philosopher of ,china1 translated into ,spanish4 #af4 ,josephus in ,hebrew1 written by himself4 #ag4 ,the ,commentaries of ,sylla the ,dictatour4 #ah4 ,a ,commentary of ,galen upon the ,plague of ,athens described by ,thucydides4 #ai4 ,duo ,csaris ,anti-,catones1 or the two notable ,books writ by ,julius ,csar against ,cato2 mentioned by ,livy1 ,salustius and ,juvenal2 which the ,cardinal of ,liege told ,ludovicus ,vives were in an old ,library of that ,city4 ,mazhapha ,einok1 or1 the ,prophecy of ,enoch1 which gidius ,lochiensis1 a learned ,eastern ,traveller1 told ,peireschius that he had found in an old ,library at ,alexandria containing eight thousand ,volumes4 #bj4 ,a ,collection of ,hebrew ,epistles1 which passed between the two learned ,women of our age ,maria ,molinea of ,sedan1 and ,maria ,schurman of ,utrecht4 ,a wondrous ,collection of some ,writings of ,ludovica ,saracenica1 ,daughter of ,philibertus ,saracenicus a ,physician of ,lyons1 who at eight years of age had made a good progress in the ,hebrew1 ,greek and ,latin ,tongues4 #b4 ,rarities in ,pictures4 #a4 ,a picture of the three remarkable ,steeples or ,towers in ,europe built purposely awry and so as they seem falling4 ,torre ,pisana at ,pisa1 ,torre ,garisenda in ,bononia1 and that other in the ,city of ,colein4 #b4 ,a ,draught of all sorts of ,sistrums1 ,crotaloes1 ,cymbals1 ,tympans1 etc4 in use among the ,ancients4 #c4 ,large ,submarine ,pieces1 well delineating the bottom of the ,mediterranean ,sea1 the ,prerie or large ,sea-meadow upon the ,coast of ,provence1 the ,coral ,fishing1 the gathering of ,sponges1 the ,mountains1 ,valleys and ,desarts1 the ,subterraneous ,vents and ,passages at the bottom of that ,sea4 ,together with a lively ,draught of ,cola ,pesce1 or the famous ,sicilian ,swimmer1 diving into the ,voragos and broken ,rocks by ,charybdis1 to fetch up the ,golden ,cup1 which ,frederick1 ,king of ,sicily1 had purposely thrown into that ,sea4 #d4 ,a ,moon ,piece1 describing that notable ,battel between ,axalla1 ,general of ,tamerlane1 and ,camares the ,persian1 fought by the light of the ,moon4 #e4 ,another remarkable ,fight of ,inghimmi the ,florentine with the ,turkish ,galleys by ,moon-light1 who being for three hours grappled with the ,basha ,galley1 concluded with a signal ,victory4 #f4 ,a delineation of the great ,fair of ,almachara in ,arabia1 which1 to avoid the great heat of the ,sun1 is kept in the ,night1 and by the light of the ,moon4 #g4 ,a ,snow ,piece1 of ,land and ,trees covered with ,snow and ,ice1 and ,mountains of ,ice floating in the ,sea1 with ,bears1 ,seals1 ,foxes1 and variety of rare ,fowls upon them4 #h4 ,an ,ice ,piece describing the notable ,battel between the ,jaziges and the ,romans1 fought upon the frozen ,danubius1 the ,romans settling one foot upon their ,targets to hinder them from slipping1 their fighting with the ,jaziges when they were fallen1 and their advantages therein by their art in volutation and rolling contention or wrastling1 according to the description of ,dion4 #i4 ,socia1 or a ,draught of three persons notably resembling each other4 ,of ,king ,henry the ,fourth of ,france1 and a ,miller of ,languedock2 of ,sforza ,duke of ,milain and a ,souldier2 of ,malatesta ,duke of ,rimini and ,marchesinus the ,jester4 #aj4 ,a ,picture of the great ,fire which happened at ,constantinople in the ,reign of ,sultan ,achmet4 ,the ,janizaries in the mean time plundring the best ,houses1 ,nassa ,bassa the ,vizier riding about with a ,cimetre in one hand and a ,janizary's ,head in the other to deter them2 and the ,priests attempting to quench the ,fire1 by ,pieces of ,mahomet's ,shirt dipped in holy ,water and thrown into it4 #aa4 ,a ,night ,piece of the dismal ,supper and strange ,entertain of the ,senatours by ,domitian1 according to the description of ,dion4 #ab4 ,a ,vestal ,sinner in the ,cave with a ,table and a ,candle4 #ac4 ,an ,elephant dancing upon the ,ropes with a ,negro ,dwarf upon his ,back4 #ad4 ,another describing the mighty ,stone falling from the ,clouds into gospotamos or the ,goats ,river in ,greece1 which ,antiquity could believe that ,anaxagoras was able to foretell half a year before4 #ae4 ,three noble ,pieces2 of ,vercingetorix the ,gaul submitting his person unto ,julius ,csar2 of ,tigranes ,king of ,armenia humbly presenting himself unto ,pompey2 and of ,tamerlane ascending his ,horse from the ,neck of ,bajazet4 #af4 ,draughts of three passionate ,looks2 of ,thyestes when he was told at the ,table that he had eaten a piece of his own ,son2 of ,bajazet when he went into the ,iron ,cage2 of ,oedipus when he first came to know that he had killed his ,father1 and married his own ,mother4 #ag4 ,of the ,cymbrian ,mother in ,plutarch who1 after the overthrow by ,marius1 hanged her self and her two ,children at her feet4 #ah4 ,some ,pieces delineating singular inhumanities in ,tortures4 ,the ,scaphismus of the ,persians4 ,the living truncation of the ,turks4 ,the hanging ,sport at the ,feasts of the ,thracians4 ,the exact method of flaying men alive1 beginning between the ,shoulders1 according to the description of ,thomas ,minadoi1 in his ,persian ,war4 ,together with the studied tortures of the ,french ,traitours at ,pappa in ,hungaria3 as also the wild and enormous torment invented by ,tiberius1 designed according unto the description of ,suetonius4 ,excogitaverunt inter genera cruciats1 ut larg meri potione per fallaciam oneratos repent veretris deligatis fidicularum simul urinque tormento distenderet4 #ai4 ,a ,picture describing how ,hannibal forced his passage over the ,river ,rhosne with his ,elephants1 ,baggage and mixed ,army2 with the ,army of the ,gauls opposing him on the contrary ,shore1 and ,hanno passing over with his ,horse much above to fall upon the ,rere of the ,gauls4 #bj4 ,a neat ,piece describing the ,sack of ,fundi by the ,fleet and ,souldiers of ,barbarossa the ,turkish ,admiral1 the confusion of the people and their flying up to the ,mountains1 and ,julia ,gonzaga the beauty of ,italy flying away with her ,ladies half naked on ,horseback over the ,hills4 #ba4 ,a noble ,head of ,franciscus ,gonzaga1 who1 being imprisoned for ,treason1 grew grey in one night1 with this ,inscription1 ,o nox quam longa est qu facit una senem4 #bb4 ,a large ,picture describing the ,siege of ,vienna by ,solyman the ,magnificent1 and at the same time the ,siege of ,florence by the ,emperour ,charles the ,fifth and ,pope ,clement the ,seventh1 with this ,subscription1 ,tum vacui capitis populum ,phaca putares8 #bc4 ,an exquisite ,piece properly delineating the first course of ,metellus his ,pontificial ,supper1 according to the description of ,macrobius2 together with a ,dish of ,pisces ,fossiles1 garnished about with the little ,eels taken out of the backs of ,cods and ,perches2 as also with the ,shell ,fishes found in ,stones about ,ancona4 #bd4 ,a ,picture of the noble ,entertain and ,feast of the ,duke of ,chausue at the ,treaty of ,collen1 #afgc1 when in a very large ,room1 with all the ,windows open1 and at a very large ,table he sate himself1 with many great persons and ,ladies2 next about the ,table stood a row of ,waiters1 then a row of ,musicians1 then a row of ,musketiers4 #be4 ,miltiades1 who overthrew the ,persians at the ,battel of ,marathon and delivered ,greece1 looking out of a ,prison ,grate in ,athens1 wherein he died1 with this ,inscription1 ,non hoc terribiles ,cymbri non ,britones unquam1 ,sauromatve truces aut immanes ,agathyrsi4 #bf4 ,a fair ,english ,lady drawn ,al ,negro1 or in the thiopian hue excelling the original ,white and ,red ,beauty1 with this ,subscription1 ,sed quondam volo nocte ,nigriorem4 #bg4 ,pieces and ,draughts in ,caricatura1 of ,princes1 ,cardinals and famous men2 wherein1 among others1 the ,painter hath singularly hit the signatures of a ,lion and a ,fox in the face of ,pope ,leo the ,tenth4 #bh4 ,some ,pieces ,a la ventura1 or ,rare ,chance ,pieces1 either drawn at random1 and happening to be like some person1 or drawn for some and happening to be more like another2 while the ,face1 mistaken by the ,painter1 proves a tolerable ,picture of one he never saw4 #bi4 ,a ,draught of famous ,dwarfs with this ,inscription1 ,nos facimus ,bruti puerum nos ,lagona vivum4 #cj4 ,an exact and proper delineation of all sorts of ,dogs upon occasion of the practice of ,sultan ,achmet2 who in a great ,plague at ,constantinople transported all the ,dogs therein unto ,pera1 and from thence into a little ,island1 where they perished at last by ,famine3 as also the manner of the ,priests curing of mad ,dogs by burning them in the forehead with ,saint ,bellin's ,key4 #ca4 ,a noble ,picture of ,thorismund ,king of the ,goths as he was killed in his ,palace at ,tholouze1 who being let bloud by a ,surgeon1 while he was bleeding1 a stander by took the advantage to stab him4 #cb4 ,a ,picture of rare ,fruits with this ,inscription1 ,credere qu possis surrepta sororibus ,afris4 #cc4 ,an handsome ,piece of ,deformity expressed in a notable hard ,face1 with this ,inscription1 ----,ora ,julius in ,satyris qualia ,rufus habet4 #cd4 ,a noble ,picture of the famous ,duel between ,paul ,manessi and ,caragusa the ,turk in the time of ,amurath the ,second2 the ,turkish ,army and that of ,scanderbeg looking on2 wherein ,manessi slew the ,turk1 cut off his ,head and carried away the ,spoils of his ,body4 #c4 ,antiquities and ,rarities of several sorts4 #a4 ,certain ancient ,medals with ,greek and ,roman ,inscriptions1 found about ,crim ,tartary2 conceived to be left in those parts by the ,souldiers of ,mithridates1 when overcome by ,pompey1 he marched round about the ,north of the ,euxine to come about into ,thracia4 #b4 ,some ancient ,ivory and ,copper ,crosses found with many others in ,china2 conceived to have been brought and left there by the ,greek ,souldiers who served under ,tamerlane in his ,expedition and ,conquest of that ,country4 #c4 ,stones of strange and illegible ,inscriptions1 found about the great ruines which ,vincent le ,blanc describeth about ,cephala in ,africa1 where he opinion'd that the ,hebrews raised some ,buildings of old1 and that ,solomon brought from thereabout a good part of his ,gold4 #d4 ,some handsome ,engraveries and ,medals1 of ,justinus and ,justinianus1 found in the custody of a ,bannyan in the remote parts of ,india1 conjectured to have been left there by the ,friers mentioned in ,procopius1 who travelled those parts in the reign of ,justinianus1 and brought back into ,europe the discovery of ,silk and ,silk ,worms4 #e4 ,an original ,medal of ,petrus ,aretinus1 who was called ,flagellum ,principum1 wherein he made his own ,figure on the ,obverse part with this ,inscription1 ,il ,divino ,aretino4 ,on the ,reverse sitting on a ,throne1 and at his ,feet ,ambassadours of ,kings and ,princes bringing presents unto him1 with this ,inscription1 ,i ,principi tributati da i ,popoli tributano il ,servitor loro4 #f4 ,mummia ,tholosana2 or1 ,the complete ,head and ,body of ,father ,crispin1 buried long ago in the ,vault of the ,cordeliers at ,tholouse1 where the ,skins of the dead so drie and parch up without corrupting that their persons may be known very long after1 with this ,inscription1 ,ecce iterum ,crispinus4 #g4 ,a noble ,quandros or ,stone taken out of a ,vulture's ,head4 #h4 ,a large ,ostridges ,egg1 whereon is neatly and fully wrought that famous ,battel of ,alcazar1 in which three ,kings lost their lives4 #i4 ,an ,etiudros ,alberti or ,stone that is apt to be always moist3 usefull unto drie tempers1 and to be held in the hand in ,fevers instead of ,crystal1 ,eggs1 ,limmons1 ,cucumbers4 #aj4 ,a small ,viol of ,water taken out of the ,stones therefore called ,enhydri1 which naturally include a little ,water in them1 in like manner as the tites or ,agle ,stone doth another ,stone4 #aa4 ,a neat painted and gilded ,cup made out of the ,confiti di ,tivoli and formed up with powder'd ,egg-shells2 as ,nero is conceived to have made his ,piscina admirabilis1 singular against ,fluxes to drink often therein4 #ab4 ,the ,skin of a ,snake bred out of the ,spinal ,marrow of a ,man4 #ac4 ,vegetable ,horns mentioned by ,linschoten1 which set in the ground grow up like ,plants about ,goa4 #ad4 ,an extract of the ,inck of ,cuttle ,fishes reviving the old remedy of ,hippocrates in ,hysterical ,passions4 #ae4 ,spirits and ,salt of ,sargasso made in the ,western ,ocean covered with that ,vegetable2 excellent against the ,scurvy4 #af4 ,an extract of ,cachund or ,liberans that famous and highly magnified ,composition in the ,east ,indies against ,melancholy4 #ag4 ,diarhizon mirificum2 or an unparallel'd ,composition of the most effectual and wonderfull ,roots in ,nature4 ,rx ,rad4 ,butu ,cuamensis4 ,rad4 ,moniche ,cuamensis4 ,rad4 ,mongus ,bazainensis4 ,rad4 ,casei ,baizanensis4 ,rad4 ,columb ,mozambiguensis4 ,gim ,sem ,sinic4 ,fo ,lim lac ,tigridis dict4 ,fo seu4 ,cort4 ,rad4 ,sold4 ,rad4 ,ligni ,solorani4 ,rad4 ,malacensis madrededios dict an4 -#c;ij4 ,m4 fiat pulvis1 qui cum gelatin ,cornu cervi ,moschati ,chinensis formetur in massas oviformes4 #ah4 ,a transcendent ,perfume made of the richest ,odorates of both the ,indies1 kept in a ,box made of the ,muschie ,stone of ,niarienburg1 with this ,inscription1 ----,deos rogato ,totum ut te faciant1 ,fabulle1 ,nasum4 #ai4 ,a ,clepsela1 or ,oil ,hour-glass1 as the ,ancients used those of ,water4 #bj4 ,a ,ring found in a ,fishes ,belly taken about ,gorro2 conceived to be the same wherewith the ,duke of ,venice had wedded the ,sea4 #ba4 ,a neat ,crucifix made out of the cross ,bone of a ,frogs ,head4 #bb4 ,a large ,agath containing a various and careless ,figure1 which looked upon by a ,cylinder representeth a perfect ,centaur4 ,by some such advantages ,king ,pyrrhus might find out ,apollo and the nine ,muses in those ,agaths of his whereof ,pliny maketh mention4 #bc4 ,batrachomyomachia1 or the ,homerican ,battel between ,frogs and ,mice1 neatly described upon the ,chizel ,bone of a large ,pike's ,jaw4 #bd4 ,pyxis ,pandor1 or a ,box which held the ,unguentum ,pestiferum1 which by anointing the ,garments of several persons begat the great and horrible ,plague of ,milan4 #be4 ,a ,glass of ,spirits made of thereal ,salt1 ,hermetically sealed up1 kept continually in ,quick-silver2 of so volatile a nature that it will scarce endure the ,light1 and therefore onely to be shown in ,winter1 or by the light of a ,carbuncle1 or ,bononian ,stone4 99 99 99 99 99 ,he who knows where all this ,treasure now is1 is a great ,apollo4 ,i'm sure ,i am not ,he4 ,however1 ,i am1 ,sir1 ,yours1 etc4 ,a ,,letter to a ,,friend upon occasion of the ,,death ,,of ,,his ,intimate ,friend #afij ,a ,,letter ,,to ,a ,,friend1 ,upon ,occasion of the ,death of his ,intimate ,friend4 ,give me leave to wonder that ,news of this ,nature should have such heavy ,wings that you should hear so little concerning your dearest ,friend1 and that ,i must make that unwilling ,repetition to tell you1 ,ad portam rigidos calces extendit1 that he is ,dead and ,buried1 and by this time no ,puny among the mighty ,nations of the ,dead2 for tho' he left this ,world not very many ,days past1 yet every ,hour you know largely addeth unto that dark ,society2 and considering the incessant ,mortality of ,mankind1 you cannot conceive there dieth in the whole ,earth so few as a thousand an ,hour4 ,altho' at this distance you had no early ,account or ,particular of his ,death2 yet your ,affection may cease to wonder that you had not some secret ,sense or ,intimation thereof by ,dreams1 thoughtful ,whisperings1 ,mercurisms1 ,airy ,nuncio's1 or sympathetical ,insinuations1 which many seem to have had at the ,death of their dearest ,friends3 for since we find in that famous ,story1 that ,spirits themselves were fain to tell their ,fellows at a distance1 that the great ,antonio was dead2 we have a sufficient ,excuse for our ,ignorance in such ,particulars1 and must rest content with the common ,road1 and ,appian way of ,knowledge by ,information4 ,tho' the uncertainty of the ,end of this ,world hath confounded all ,human ,predictions2 yet they who shall live to see the ,sun and ,moon darkned1 and the ,stars to fall from ,heaven1 will hardly be deceiv'd in the ,advent of the last ,day2 and therefore strange it is1 that the common ,fallacy of consumptive ,persons1 who feel not themselves dying1 and therefore still hope to live1 should also reach their ,friends in perfect ,health and ,judgment4 ,that you should be so little acquainted with ,plautus's sick ,complexion1 or that almost an ,hippocratical ,face should not alarum you to higher fears1 or rather despair of his ,continuation in such an emaciated ,state1 wherein medical ,predictions fail not1 as sometimes in acute ,diseases1 and wherein 'tis as dangerous to be sentenc'd by a ,physician as a ,judge4 ,upon my first ,visit ,i was bold to tell them who had not let fall all ,hopes of his ,recovery1 that in my sad ,opinion he was not like to behold a ,grashopper1 much less to pluck another ,fig2 and in no long time after seem'd to discover that odd mortal ,symptom in him not mention'd by ,hippocrates1 that is1 to lose his own ,face1 and look like some of his near ,relations2 for he maintain'd not his proper ,countenance1 but look'd like his ,uncle1 the ,lines of whose ,face lay deep and invisible in his healthful ,visage before3 ,for as from our beginning we run through ,variety of ,looks1 before we come to consistent and setled ,faces2 so before our ,end1 by sick and languishing alterations1 we put on new ,visages3 and in our ,retreat to ,earth1 may fall upon such ,looks which from ,community of seminal ,originals were before latent in us4 ,he was fruitlesly put in hope of advantage by change of ,air1 and imbibing the pure ,aerial ,nitre of these ,parts2 and therefore being so far spent1 he quickly found ,sardinia in ,tivoli1#bhc and the most healthful ,air of little effect1 where ,death had set her broad ,arrow2 for he lived not unto the middle of ,may1 and confirmed the ,observation of ,hippocrates#bhd of that mortal time of the ,year when the ,leaves of the ,fig-tree resemble a ,daw's ,claw4 ,he is happily seated who lives in ,places whose ,air1 ,earth and ,water1 promote not the ,infirmities of his weaker ,parts1 or is early removed into ,regions that correct them4 ,he that is tabidly inclin'd1 were unwise to pass his ,days in ,portugal3 ,cholical ,persons will find little ,comfort in ,austria or ,vienna3 ,he that is weak-legg'd must not be in ,love with ,rome1 nor an infirm ,head with ,venice or ,paris4 ,death hath not only particular ,stars in ,heaven1 but malevolent ,places on ,earth1 which single out our ,infirmities1 and strike at our weaker ,parts2 in which ,concern1 passager and migrant ,birds have the great ,advantages2 who are naturally constituted for distant ,habitations1 whom no ,seas nor ,places limit1 but in their appointed ,seasons will visit us from ,greenland and ,mount ,atlas1 and as some think1 even from the ,antipodes4#bhe #bhc ,cum mors venerit1 in medio ,tibure ,sardinia est4 #bhd ,in the ,king's ,forests they set the ,figure of a broad ,arrow upon ,trees that are to be cut down4 ,hippoc4 ,epidem4 #bhe ,bellonius de ,avibus4 ,tho' we could not have his ,life1 yet we missed not our desires in his soft ,departure1 which was scarce an ,expiration2 and his ,end not unlike his ,beginning1 when the salient ,point scarce affords a sensible ,motion1 and his ,departure so like unto ,sleep1 that he scarce needed the civil ,ceremony of closing his ,eyes2 contrary unto the common way wherein ,death draws up1 ,sleep let fall the ,eye-lids4 ,with what ,strift and ,pains we came into the ,world we know not2 but 'tis commonly no easie matter to get out of it3 yet if it could be made out1 that such who have easie ,nativities have commonly hard ,deaths1 and contrarily2 his ,departure was so easie1 that we might justly suspect his ,birth was of another nature1 and that some ,juno sat cross-legg'd at his ,nativity4 ,besides his soft ,death1 the incurable state of his ,disease might somewhat extenuate your ,sorrow1 who know that ,monsters#bhf but seldom happen1 ,miracles more rarely1 in ,physick4 ,angelus ,victorius#bhg gives a serious ,account of a ,consumptive1 ,hectical1 ,pthysical ,woman1 who was suddenly cured by the ,intercession of ,ignatius4 ,we read not of any in ,scripture who in this case applied unto our ,saviour1 tho' some may be contain'd in that large ,expression1 that he went about ,galilee healing all manner of ,sickness1 and all manner of ,diseases4 ,amulets1 ,spells1 ,sigils and ,incantations1 practised in other ,diseases1 are seldom pretended in this2 and we find no ,sigil in the ,archidoxis of ,paracelsus to cure an extreme ,consumption or ,marasmus1 which if other ,diseases fail1 will put a period unto long ,livers1 and at last makes ,dust of all4 ,and therefore the ,stoicks could not but think that the fiery ,principle would wear out all the rest1 and at last make an end of the ,world1 which notwithstanding without such a lingring period the ,creator may effect at his ,pleasure3 and to make an end of all things on ,earth1 and our ,planetical ,system of the ,world1 he need but put out the ,sun4 #bhf ,monstra contingunt in ,medicina ,hippoc4 #bhg ,strange and rare ,escapes there happen sometimes in ,physick4 ,angeli ,victorii ,consultationes4 ,matth4 iv4 #be4 ,i was not so curious to entitle the ,stars unto any ,concern of his ,death1 yet could not but take notice that he died when the ,moon was in motion from the ,meridian2 at which time1 an old ,italian long ago would perswade me that the greatest ,part of ,men died3 but herein ,i confess ,i could never satisfie my ,curiosity2 altho' from the time of ,tides in ,places upon or near the ,sea1 there may be considerable ,deductions2 and ,pliny#bhh hath an odd and remarkable ,passage concerning the ,death of ,men and ,animals upon the ,recess or ,ebb of the ,sea4 ,however1 certain it is he died in the dead and deep part of the ,night1 when ,nox might be most apprehensibly said to be the ,daughter of ,chaos1 the ,mother of ,sleep and ,death1 according to old ,genealogy2 and so went out of this ,world about that hour when our blessed ,saviour entred it1 and about what time many conceive he will return again unto it4 ,cardan#bhi hath a peculiar and no hard ,observation from a ,man's ,hand to know whether he was born in the ,day or ,night1 which ,i confess holdeth in my own4 ,and ,scaliger to that purpose hath another from the tip of the ,ear3 ,most ,men are begotten in the ,night1 ,animals in the ,day2 but whether more ,persons have been born in the ,night or the ,day1 were a ,curiosity undecidable1 tho' more have perished by violent ,deaths in the ,day2 yet in natural ,dissolutions both ,times may hold an ,indifferency1 at least but contingent ,inequality4 ,the whole ,course of ,time runs out in the ,nativity and ,death of ,things2 which whether they happen by ,succession or ,coincidence1 are best computed by the natural not artificial ,day4 #bhh ,aristoteles nullum animal nisi stu recedente expirare affirmat3 observatum id multum in ,gallico ,oceano et duntaxat in ,homine comertum1 lib4 #b4 cap4 #aja4 #bhi ,auris pars pendula ,lobus dicitur1 non omnibus ea pars est auribus2 non enim iis qui noctu nati sunt1 sed qui interdiu1 maxima ex parte4 ,com4 in ,aristot4 de ,animal4 lib4 #a4 ,that ,charles the ,vth was crown'd upon the ,day of his ,nativity1 it being in his own ,power so to order it1 makes no singular ,animadversion2 but that he should also take ,king ,francis ,prisoner upon that ,day1 was an unexpected ,coincidence1 which made the same remarkable4 ,antipater who had an ,anniversary ,fever every ,year upon his ,birth-day1 needed no ,astrological ,revolution to know what ,day he should dye on4 ,when the fixed ,stars have made a ,revolution unto the ,points from whence they first set out1 some of the ,ancients thought the ,world would have an end2 which was a kind of dying upon the ,day of its ,nativity4 ,now the ,disease prevailing and swiftly advancing about the time of his ,nativity1 some were of ,opinion that he would leave the ,world on the ,day he entred into it3 but this being a lingring ,disease1 and creeping softly on1 nothing critical was found or expected1 and he died not before fifteen ,days after4 ,nothing is more common with ,infants than to die on the ,day of their ,nativity1 to behold the worldly ,hours1 and but the ,fractions thereof2 and even to perish before their ,nativity in the hidden ,world of the ,womb1 and before their good ,angel is conceived to undertake them4 ,but in ,persons who out-live many ,years1 and when there are no less than three hundred sixty five days to determine their ,lives in every ,year2 that the first day should make the last1 that the ,tail of the ,snake should return into its ,mouth precisely at that time1 and they should wind up upon the day of their ,nativity1#bij is indeed a remarkable ,coincidence1 which1 tho' ,astrology hath taken witty ,pains to salve1 yet hath it been very wary in making ,predictions of it4 #bij ,according to the ,egyptian ,hieroglyphick4 ,in this consumptive ,condition and remarkable ,extenuation he came to be almost half himself1 and left a great ,part behind him which he carried not to the ,grave4 ,and tho' that ,story of ,duke ,john ,ernestus ,mansfield#bia be not so easily swallow'd1 that at his ,death his ,heart was found not to be so big as a ,nut2 yet if the ,bones of a good ,skeleton weigh little more than twenty ,pounds1 his ,inwards and ,flesh remaining could make no ,bouffage1 but a light ,bit for the ,grave4 ,i never more lively beheld the starved ,characters of ,dante#bib in any living ,face2 an ,aruspex might have read a ,lecture upon him without ,exenteration1 his ,flesh being so consumed1 that he might1 in a manner1 have discerned his ,bowels without opening of him3 so that to be carried sext cervice1 to the ,grave1 was but a civil ,unnecessity2 and the ,complements of the ,coffin might out-weigh the ,subject of it4 #bia ,turkish ,history4 #bib ,in the ,poet ,dante his ,discription4 ,omnibonus ,ferrarius#bic in mortal ,dysenteries of ,children looks for a ,spot behind the ,ear2 in consumptive ,diseases some eye the ,complexion of ,moles2 ,cardan eagerly views the ,nails1 some the ,lines of the ,hand1 the ,thenar or ,muscle of the ,thumb2 some are so curious as to observe the depth of the ,throat-pit1 how the ,proportion varieth of the ,small of the ,legs unto the ,calf1 or the compass of the ,neck unto the ,circumference of the ,head3 but all these1 with many more1 were so drown'd in a mortal ,visage1 and last ,face of ,hippocrates1 that a weak ,physiognomist might say at first ,eye1 ,this was a ,face of ,earth1 and that ,morta#bid had set her hard ,seal upon his ,temples1 easily perceiving what ,caricatura#bie ,draughts ,death makes upon pined ,faces1 and unto what an unknown degree a ,man may live backward4 #bic ,de ,morbis ,puerorum4 #bid ,morta1 the ,deity of ,death or ,fate4 #bie ,when ,men's ,faces are drawn with ,resemblance to some other ,animals1 the ,italians call it1 to be drawn in ,caricatura4 ,tho' the ,beard be only made a ,distinction of ,sex1 and ,sign of masculine ,heat by ,ulmus1 yet the ,precocity and early ,growth thereof in him1 was not to be liked in reference unto long ,life4 ,lewis1 that virtuous but unfortunate ,king of ,hungary1 who lost his ,life at the ,battle of ,mohacz1 was said to be born without a ,skin1 to have bearded at fifteen1#bif and to have shewn some grey ,hairs about twenty2 from whence the ,diviners conjectur'd1 that he would be spoiled of his ,kingdom1 and have but a short ,life3 ,but ,hairs make fallible ,predictions1 and many ,temples early grey have out-liv'd the ,psalmist's ,period4#big ,hairs which have most amused me have not been in the ,face or ,head1 but on the ,back1 and not in ,men but ,children1 as ,i long ago observed in that ,endemial ,distemper of little ,children in ,languedock1 call'd the ,morgellons1#bih wherein they critically break out with harsh ,hairs on their ,backs1 which takes off the unquiet ,symptoms of the ,disease1 and delivers them from ,coughs and ,convulsions4 #bif ,ulmus de usu barb human4 #big ,the ,life of a ,man is threescore and ten4 #bih ,see ,picotus de ,rheumatismo4 ,the ,egyptian ,mummies that ,i have seen1 have had their ,mouths open1 and somewhat gaping1 which affordeth a good ,opportunity to view and observe their ,teeth1 wherein 'tis not easie to find any wanting or decay'd2 and therefore in ,egypt1 where one ,man practised but one ,operation1 or the ,diseases but of single ,parts1 it must needs be a barren ,profession to confine unto that of drawing of ,teeth1 and little better than to have been ,tooth-drawer unto ,king ,pyrrhus1#bii who had but two in his ,head4 ,how the ,bannyans of ,india maintain the ,integrity of those ,parts1 ,i find not particularly observed2 who notwithstanding have an ,advantage of their ,preservation by abstaining from all ,flesh1 and employing their ,teeth in such ,food unto which they may seem at first framed1 from their ,figure and ,conformation3 but sharp and corroding ,rheums had so early mouldred those ,rocks and hardest parts of his ,fabrick1 that a ,man might well conceive that his ,years were never like to double or twice tell over his ,teeth4#cjj ,corruption had dealt more severely with them than sepulchral ,fires and smart ,flames with those of burnt ,bodies of old2 for in the burnt ,fragments of ,urnes which ,i have enquired into1 altho' ,i seem to find few ,incisors or ,shearers1 yet the ,dog ,teeth and ,grinders do notably resist those ,fires4 #bii ,his upper and lower ,jaw being solid1 and without distinct ,rows of ,teeth4 #cjj ,twice tell over his ,teeth1 never live to threescore ,years4 ,in the ,years of his ,childhood he had languish'd under the ,disease of his ,country1 the ,rickets2 after which notwithstanding many have been become strong and active ,men2 but whether any have attain'd unto very great ,years1 the ,disease is scarce so old as to afford good ,observation4 ,whether the ,children of the ,english ,plantations be subject unto the same ,infirmity1 may be worth the ,observing4 ,whether ,lameness and ,halting do still encrease among the ,inhabitants of ,rovigno in ,istria1 ,i know not2 yet scarce twenty ,years ago ,monsieur du ,loyr observed1 that a third part of that ,people halted3 but too certain it is1 that the ,rickets encreaseth among us2 the ,small-,pox grows more pernicious than the ,great3 the ,king's ,purse knows that the ,king's ,evil grows more common4 ,quartan ,agues are become no ,strangers in ,ireland2 more common and mortal in ,england3 and tho' the ,ancients gave that ,disease#cja very good ,words1 yet now that ,bell makes no strange sound which rings out for the ,effects thereof4 #cja ,asphalestatos kai rhistos1 securissima et facillima4 ,hippoc4 ,pro ,febre quartana raro sonat campana4 ,some think there were few ,consumptions in the ,old ,world1 when ,men lived much upon ,milk2 and that the ancient ,inhabitants of this ,island were less troubled with ,coughs when they went naked1 and slept in ,caves and ,woods1 than ,men now in ,chambers and ,feather-beds4 ,plato will tell us1 that there was no such ,disease as a ,catarrh in ,homer's time1 and that it was but new in ,greece in his ,age4 ,polydore ,virgil delivereth that ,pleurisies were rare in ,england1 who lived but in the ,days of ,henry the ,eighth4 ,some will allow no ,diseases to be new1 others think that many old ones are ceased and that such which are esteem'd new1 will have but their time3 ,however1 the ,mercy of ,god hath scatter'd the ,great ,heap of ,diseases1 and not loaded any one ,country with all3 some may be new in one ,country which have been old in another4 ,new ,discoveries of the ,earth discover new ,diseases3 for besides the common ,swarm1 there are endemial and local ,infirmities proper unto certain ,regions1 which in the whole ,earth make no small ,number3 and if ,asia1 ,africa1 and ,america should bring in their ,list1 ,pandora's ,box would swell1 and there must be a strange ,pathology4 ,most ,men expected to find a consumed ,kell1 empty and bladder-like ,guts1 livid and marbled ,lungs1 and a wither'd ,pericardium in this exuccous ,corps3 but some seemed too much to wonder that two ,lobes of his ,lungs adher'd unto his ,side2 for the like ,i had often found in ,bodies of no suspected ,consumptions or difficulty of ,respiration4 ,and the same more often happeneth in ,men than other ,animals2 and some think in ,women than in ,men2 but the most remarkable ,i have met with1 was in a ,man1 after a ,cough of almost fifty ,years1 in whom all the ,lobes adhered unto the ,pleura1#cjb and each ,lobe unto another2 who having also been much troubled with the ,gout1 brake the ,rule of ,cardan1#cjc and died of the ,stone in the ,bladder4 ,aristotle makes a ,query1 ,why some ,animals cough1 as ,man2 some not1 as ,oxen4 ,if ,coughing be taken as it consisteth of a natural and voluntary motion1 including ,expectoration and spitting out1 it may be as proper unto ,man as bleeding at the ,nose2 otherwise we find that ,vegetius and rural ,writers have not left so many ,medicines in vain against the ,coughs of ,cattel2 and ,men who perish by ,coughs die the ,death of ,sheep1 ,cats and ,lions3 and tho' ,birds have no ,midriff1 yet we meet with divers ,remedies in ,arrianus against the ,coughs of ,hawks4 ,and tho' it might be thought that all ,animals who have ,lungs do cough2 yet in cetaceous ,fishes1 who have large and strong ,lungs1 the same is not observed2 nor yet in oviparous ,quadrupeds3 and in the greatest thereof1 the ,crocodile1 altho' we read much of their ,tears1 we find nothing of that ,motion4 #cjb ,so ,a4 ,f4 #cjc ,cardan in his ,encomium ,podagr reckoneth this among the ,dona ,podagr1 that they are deliver'd thereby from the ,phthysis and ,stone in the ,bladder4 ,from the ,thoughts of ,sleep1 when the ,soul was conceived nearest unto ,divinity1 the ,ancients erected an ,art of ,divination1 wherein while they too widely expatiated in loose and inconsequent ,conjectures1 ,hippocrates#cjd wisely considered ,dreams as they presaged ,alterations in the ,body1 and so afforded hints toward the ,preservation of ,health1 and prevention of ,diseases2 and therein was so serious as to advise ,alteration of ,diet1 ,exercise1 ,sweating1 ,bathing and ,vomiting2 and also so religious1 as to order ,prayers and ,supplications unto respective ,deities1 in good ,dreams unto ,sol1 ,jupiter coelestis1 ,jupiter opulentus1 ,minerva1 ,mercurius and ,apollo2 in bad unto ,tellus and the ,heroes4 #cjd ,hippoc4 de ,insomniis4 ,and therefore ,i could not but take notice how his ,female ,friends were irrationally curious so strictly to examine his ,dreams1 and in this low ,state to hope for the ,fantasms of ,health4 ,he was now past the healthful ,dreams of the ,sun1 ,moon and ,stars1 in their ,clarity and proper ,courses4 ',twas too late to dream of ,flying1 of ,limpid ,fountains1 smooth ,waters1 white ,vestments1 and fruitful green ,trees1 which are the ,visions of healthful ,sleeps1 and at good ,distance from the ,grave4 ,and they were also too deeply dejected that he should dream of his dead ,friends1 inconsequently divining1 that he would not be long from them2 for strange it was not that he should sometimes dream of the dead1 whose ,thoughts run always upon ,death2 beside1 to dream of the dead1 so they appear not in dark ,habits1 and take nothing away from us1 in ,hippocrates his ,sense was of good ,signification3 for we live by the dead1 and every thing is or must be so before it becomes our ,nourishment4 ,and ,cardan1 who dream'd that he discoursed with his dead ,father in the ,moon1 made thereof no mortal ,interpretation3 and even to dream that we are dead1 was no condemnable ,fantasm in old ,oneirocriticism1 as having a ,signification of ,liberty1 vacuity from ,cares1 ,exemption and ,freedom from ,troubles unknown unto the dead4 ,some ,dreams ,i confess may admit of easie and feminine ,exposition2 he who dream'd that he could not see his right ,shoulder1 might easily fear to lose the ,sight of his right ,eye2 he that before a ,journey dream'd that his ,feet were cut off1 had a plain ,warning not to undertake his intended ,journey4 ,but why to dream of ,lettuce should presage some ensuing ,disease1 why to eat ,figs should signifie foolish ,talk1 why to eat ,eggs great ,trouble1 and to dream of ,blindness should be so highly commended1 according to the ,oneirocritical ,verses of ,astrampsychus and ,nicephorus1 ,i shall leave unto your ,divination4 ,he was willing to quit the ,world alone and altogether1 leaving no ,earnest behind him for ,corruption or ,after-grave1 having small content in that common ,satisfaction to survive or live in another1 but amply satisfied that his ,disease should die with himself1 nor revive in a ,posterity to puzzle ,physick1 and make sad ,memento's of their ,parent hereditary4 ,leprosie awakes not sometimes before forty1 the ,gout and ,stone often later2 but consumptive and tabid#cje ,roots sprout more early1 and at the fairest make seventeen ,years of our ,life doubtful before that ,age4 ,they that enter the ,world with original ,diseases as well as ,sin1 have not only common ,mortality but sick ,traductions to destroy them1 make commonly short ,courses1 and live not at length but in ,figures2 so that a sound ,csarean#cjf nativity may out-last a ,natural ,birth1 and a ,knife may sometimes make ,way for a more lasting ,fruit than a ,midwife2 which makes so few ,infants now able to endure the old ,test of the ,river1#cjg and many to have feeble ,children who could scarce have been married at ,sparta1 and those provident ,states who studied strong and healthful ,generations2 which happen but contingently in mere pecuniary ,matches1 or ,marriages made by the ,candle1 wherein notwithstanding there is little redress to be hoped from an ,astrologer or a ,lawyer1 and a good discerning ,physician were like to prove the most successful ,counsellor4 #cje ,tabes maxime contingunt ab anno decimo octavo ad trigesimum quintum1 ,hippoc4 #cjf ,a sound ,child cut out of the ,body of the ,mother4 #cjg ,natos ad flumina primum deserimus svoque gelu duramus et undis4 ,julius ,scaliger1 who in a sleepless ,fit of the ,gout could make two hundred ,verses in a ,night1 would have but five#cjh plain ,words upon his ,tomb4 ,and this serious ,person1 tho' no minor ,wit1 left the ,poetry of his ,epitaph unto others2 either unwilling to commend himself1 or to be judg'd by a ,distich1 and perhaps considering how unhappy great ,poets have been in versifying their own ,epitaphs3 wherein ,petrarcha1 ,dante1 and ,ariosto1 have so unhappily failed1 that if their ,tombs should outlast their ,works1 ,posterity would find so little of ,apollo on them1 as to mistake them for ,ciceronian ,poets4 #cjh ,julii ,csaris ,scaligeri1 quod fuit4 ,joseph4 ,scaliger in vita patris4 ,in this deliberate and creeping ,progress unto the ,grave1 he was somewhat too young1 and of too noble a ,mind1 to fall upon that stupid ,symptom observable in divers ,persons near their ,journey's ,end1 and which may be reckoned among the mortal ,symptoms of their last ,disease2 that is1 to become more narrow minded1 miserable and tenacious1 unready to part with any thing1 when they are ready to part with all1 and afraid to want when they have no ,time to spend2 mean while ,physicians1 who know that many are mad but in a single depraved ,imagination1 and one prevalent ,decipiency2 and that beside and out of such single ,deliriums a ,man may meet with sober ,actions and good ,sense in ,bedlam2 cannot but smile to see the ,heirs and concern'd ,relations1 gratulating themselves in the sober ,departure of their ,friends2 and tho' they behold such mad covetous ,passages1 content to think they die in good ,understanding1 and in their sober ,senses4 ,avarice1 which is not only ,infidelity but ,idolatry1 either from covetous ,progeny or questuary ,education1 had no ,root in his ,breast1 who made good ,works the ,expression of his ,faith1 and was big with ,desires unto publick and lasting ,charities2 and surely where good ,wishes and charitable ,intentions exceed ,abilities1 ,theorical ,beneficency may be more than a ,dream4 ,they build not ,castles in the ,air who would build ,churches on ,earth2 and tho' they leave no such ,structures here1 may lay good ,foundations in ,heaven4 ,in brief1 his ,life and ,death were such1 that ,i could not blame them who wished the like1 and almost to have been himself2 almost1 ,i say2 for tho' we may wish the prosperous ,appurtenances of others1 or to be an other in his happy ,accidents2 yet so intrinsecal is every ,man unto himself1 that some doubt may be made1 whether any would exchange his ,being1 or substantially become another ,man4 ,he had wisely seen the ,world at home and abroad1 and thereby observed under what variety ,men are deluded in the pursuit of that which is not here to be found4 ,and altho' he had no ,opinion of reputed ,felicities below1 and apprehended ,men widely out in the ,estimate of such ,happiness2 yet his sober ,contempt of the ,world wrought no ,democratism or ,cynicism1 no laughing or snarling at it1 as well understanding there are not ,felicities in this ,world to satisfy a serious ,mind2 and therefore to soften the ,stream of our ,lives1 we are fain to take in the reputed ,contentations of this ,world1 to unite with the ,crowd in their ,beatitudes1 and to make ourselves happy by ,consortion1 ,opinion1 or ,co-existimation3 for strictly to separate from received and customary ,felicities1 and to confine unto the ,rigor of ,realities1 were to contract the ,consolation of our ,beings unto too uncomfortable ,circumscriptions4 ,not to fear ,death1#cji nor ,desire it1 was short of his ,resolution3 to be dissolved1 and be with ,christ1 was his dying ,ditty4 ,he conceived his ,thred long1 in no long course of ,years1 and when he had scarce out-liv'd the second ,life of ,lazarus2#caj esteeming it enough to approach the ,years of his ,saviour1 who so order'd his own human ,state1 as not to be old upon ,earth4 #cji ,summum nec metuas diem nec optes4 #caj ,who upon some ,accounts1 and ,tradition1 is said to have lived #cj ,years after he was raised by our ,saviour4 ,baronius4 ,but to be content with ,death may be better than to desire it3 a miserable ,life may make us wish for ,death1 but a virtuous one to rest in it2 which is the ,advantage of those resolved ,christians1 who looking on ,death not only as the ,sting1 but the ,period and ,end of ,sin1 the ,horizon and ,isthmus between this ,life and a better1 and the ,death of this ,world but as ,nativity of another1 do contentedly submit unto the common ,necessity1 and envy not ,enoch or ,elias4 ,not to be content with ,life is the unsatisfactory ,state of those which destroy themselves2#caa who being afraid to live1 run blindly upon their own ,death1 which no ,man fears by ,experience3 ,and the ,stoicks had a notable ,doctrine to take away the ,fear thereof2 that is1 in such ,extremities1 to desire that which is not to be avoided1 and wish what might be feared2 and so made ,evils voluntary1 and to suit with their own ,desires1 which took off the ,terror of them4 #caa ,in the ,speech of ,vulteius in ,lucan1 animating his ,souldiers in a great ,struggle to kill one another4 ,decernite ,lethum et metus omnis abest1 cupias quodcunque necesse est4 ,all ,fear is over1 do but resolve to die1 and make your ,desires meet ,necessity4 ,but the ancient ,martyrs were not encouraged by such ,fallacies2 who1 tho' they feared not ,death1 were afraid to be their own ,executioners2 and therefore thought it more ,wisdom to crucify their ,lusts than their ,bodies1 to circumcise than stab their ,hearts1 and to mortify than kill themselves4 ,his ,willingness to leave this ,world about that ,age1 when most men think they may best enjoy it1 tho' paradoxical unto worldly ,ears1 was not strange unto mine1 who have so often observed1 that many1 tho' old1 oft stick fast unto the ,world1 and seem to be drawn like ,cacus's ,oxen1 backward1 with great ,struggling and ,reluctancy unto the ,grave4 ,the long ,habit of ,living makes meer men more hardly to part with ,life1 and ,all to be ,nothing1 but what is to come4 ,to live at the rate of the old ,world1 when some could scarce remember themselves young1 may afford no better digested ,death than a more moderate ,period4 ,many would have thought it an ,happiness to have had their ,lot of ,life in some notable ,conjunctures of ,ages past2 but the ,uncertainty of future ,times hath tempted few to make a ,part in ,ages to come4 ,and surely1 he that hath taken the true ,altitude of things1 and rightly calculated the degenerate ,state of this ,age1 is not like to envy those that shall live in the next1 much less three or four hundred ,years hence1 when no ,man can comfortably imagine what ,face this ,world will carry3 ,and therefore since every ,age makes a ,step unto the ,end of all things1 and the ,scripture affords so hard a ,character of the last ,times2 quiet ,minds will be content with their ,generations1 and rather bless ,ages past1 than be ambitious of those to come4 ,tho' ,age had set no ,seal upon his ,face1 yet a dim ,eye might clearly discover ,fifty in his ,actions2 and therefore since ,wisdom is the grey ,hair1 and an unspotted ,life old ,age2 altho' his ,years came short he might have been said to have held up with longer ,livers1 and to have been ,solomon's#cab ,old ,man4 ,and surely if we deduct all those ,days of our ,life which we might wish unliv'd1 and which abate the ,comfort of those we now live2 if we reckon up only those ,days which ,god hath accepted of our ,lives1 a ,life of good ,years will hardly be a ,span long3 the ,son in this ,sense may out-live the ,father1 and none be climacterically old4 ,he that early arriveth unto the ,parts and ,prudence of ,age1 is happily old without the uncomfortable ,attendants of it2 and 'tis superfluous to live unto grey ,hairs1 when in a precocious ,temper we anticipate the ,virtues of them4 ,in brief1 he cannot be accounted young who out-liveth the old ,man4 ,he that hath early arrived unto the measure of a perfect ,stature in ,christ1 hath already fulfilled the prime and longest ,intention of his ,being3 and one ,day lived after the perfect ,rule of ,piety1 is to be preferr'd before sinning ,immortality4 #cab ,wisdom1 cap4 iv4 ,altho' he attain'd not unto the ,years of his ,predecessors1 yet he wanted not those preserving ,virtues which confirm the ,thread of weaker ,constitutions4 ,cautelous ,chastity and crafty ,sobriety were far from him2 those ,jewels were ,paragon1 without ,flaw1 ,hair1 ,ice1 or ,cloud in him3 which affords me an ,hint to proceed in these good ,wishes1 and few ,memento's unto you4 ,tread softly and circumspectly in this funambulous ,track1 and narrow ,path of ,goodness3 pursue ,virtue virtuously2 be sober and temperate1 not to preserve your ,body in a sufficiency to wanton ,ends2 not to spare your ,purse2 not to be free from the ,infamy of common ,transgressors that way1 and thereby to ballance or palliate obscure and closer ,vices2 nor simply to enjoy ,health3 ,by all which you may leaven good ,actions1 and render ,virtues disputable3 but in one ,word1 that you may truly serve ,god2 which every ,sickness will tell you1 you cannot well do without health4 ,the sick ,man's ,sacrifice is but a lame ,oblation4 ,pious ,treasures laid up in healthful ,days1 excuse the ,defect of sick ,non-performances2 without which we must needs look back with ,anxiety upon the lost ,opportunities of ,health2 and may have cause rather to envy than pity the ,ends of penitent ,malefactors1 who go with clear ,parts unto the last ,act of their ,lives2 and in the ,integrity of their ,faculties return their ,spirit unto ,god that gave it4 ,consider whereabout thou art in ,cebes his ,table1 or that old philosophical ,pinax of the ,life of ,man2 whether thou art still in the ,road of ,uncertainties2 whether thou hast yet entred the narrow ,gate1 got up the ,hill and asperous ,way which leadeth unto the ,house of ,sanity1 or taken that purifying ,potion from the ,hand of sincere ,erudition1 which may send the clear and pure away unto a virtuous and happy ,life4 ,in this virtuous voyage let not ,disappointment cause ,despondency1 nor ,difficulty ,despair3 ,think not that you are sailing from ,lima#cac to ,manillia1 wherein thou may'st tye up the ,rudder1 and sleep before the ,wind2 but expect rough ,seas1 ,flaws1 and contrary ,blasts2 and 'tis well if by many cross ,tacks and ,veerings thou arrivest at thy ,port4 ,sit not down in the popular ,seats1 and common ,level of ,virtues1 but endeavour to make them ,heroical4 ,offer not only ,peace-,offerings but ,holocausts unto ,god4 ,to serve him singly to serve our selves1 were too partial a ,piece of ,piety1 nor likely to place us in the highest ,mansions of ,glory4 #cac ,through the ,pacifick ,sea1 with a constant ,gale from the ,east4 ,he that is chaste and continent1 not to impair his ,strength1 or terrified by ,contagion1 will hardly be heroically virtuous4 ,adjourn not that ,virtue unto those ,years when ,cato could lend out his ,wife1 and impotent ,satyrs write ,satyrs against ,lust3 but be chaste in thy flaming ,days1 when ,alexander dared not trust his ,eyes upon the fair ,daughters of ,darius1 and when so many ,men think there is no other ,way but ,origen's4#cad #cad ,who is said to have castrated himself4 ,be charitable before ,wealth makes thee covetous1 and lose not the ,glory of the ,mitre4 ,if ,riches increase1 let thy ,mind hold ,pace with them2 and think it not enough to be liberal1 but munificent4 ,tho' a ,cup of cold ,water from some hand may not be without its ,reward2 yet stick not thou for ,wine and ,oyl for the ,wounds of the distressed3 and treat the poor as our ,saviour did the ,multitude1 to the ,relicks of some ,baskets4 ,trust not to the ,omnipotency of ,gold1 or say unto it1 ,thou art my ,confidence3 kiss not thy ,hand when thou beholdest that terrestrial ,sun1 nor bore thy ,ear unto its ,servitude4 ,a ,slave unto ,mammon makes no ,servant unto ,god3 ,covetousness cracks the ,sinews of ,faith1 numbs the ,apprehension of any thing above ,sense1 and only affected with the ,certainty of ,things present1 makes a ,peradventure of things to come2 lives but unto one ,world1 nor hopes but fears another2 makes our own ,death sweet unto others1 bitter unto our selves2 gives a dry ,funeral1 ,scenical ,mourning1 and no wet ,eyes at the ,grave4 ,if ,avarice be thy ,vice1 yet make it not thy ,punishment3 ,miserable ,men commiserate not themselves1 bowelless unto themselves1 and merciless unto their own ,bowels4 ,let the ,fruition of things bless the ,possession of them1 and take no ,satisfaction in dying but living rich3 for since thy good ,works1 not thy ,goods1 will follow thee2 since ,riches are an ,appurtenance of ,life1 and no dead ,man is rich1 to famish in ,plenty1 and live poorly to die rich1 were a multiplying ,improvement in ,madness1 and ,use upon ,use in ,folly4 ,persons lightly dip'd1 not grain'd in generous ,honesty1 are but pale in ,goodness1 and faint hued in ,sincerity3 but be thou what thou virtuously art1 and let not the ,ocean wash away thy ,tincture3 stand magnetically upon that ,axis where prudent ,simplicity hath fix'd thee1 and let no ,temptation invert the ,poles of thy ,honesty3 and that ,vice may be uneasie1 and even monstrous unto thee1 let iterated good ,acts1 and long confirm'd ,habits make ,vertue natural1 or a second ,nature in thee4 ,and since few or none prove eminently vertuous but from some advantageous ,foundations in their ,temper1 and natural ,inclinations2 study thy self betimes1 and early find what ,nature bids thee to be1 or tells thee what thou may'st be4 ,they who thus timely descend into themselves1 cultivating the good ,seeds which ,nature hath set in them1 and improving their prevalent ,inclinations to ,perfection1 become not ,shrubs1 but ,cedars in their ,generation2 and to be in the form of the best of the ,bad1 or the worst of the ,good1 will be no ,satisfaction unto them4 ,let not the ,law of thy ,country be the non ultra of thy ,honesty1 nor think that always good enough which the ,law will make good4 ,narrow not the ,law of ,charity1 ,equity1 ,mercy2 joyn ,gospel ,righteousness with ,legal ,right2 be not a meer ,gamaliel in the ,faith2 but let the ,sermon in the ,mount be thy ,targum unto the ,law of ,sinai4 ,make not the ,consequences of ,vertue the ,ends thereof3 be not beneficent for a ,name or ,cymbal of ,applause1 nor exact and punctual in ,commerce1 for the ,advantages of ,trust and ,credit which attend the ,reputation of just and true ,dealing2 for such ,rewards1 tho' unsought for1 plain ,vertue will bring with her1 whom all ,men honour1 tho' they pursue not4 ,to have other bye ,ends in good ,actions1 sowers laudable ,performances1 which must have deeper ,roots1 ,motions1 and ,instigations1 to give them the ,stamp of ,vertues4 ,tho' human ,infirmity may betray thy heedless ,days into the popular ,ways of ,extravagancy1 yet let not thine own ,depravity1 or the ,torrent of vicious ,times1 carry thee into desperate ,enormities in ,opinions1 ,manners1 or ,actions3 if thou hast dip'd thy ,foot in the ,river1 yet venture not over ,rubicon2 run not into ,extremities from whence there is no ,regression1 nor be ever so closely shut up within the ,holds of ,vice and ,iniquity1 as not to find some ,escape by a ,postern of ,resipiscency4 ,owe not thy ,humility unto ,humiliation by ,adversity1 but look humbly down in that ,state when others look upward upon thee3 be patient in the ,age of ,pride and ,days of ,will and ,impatiency1 when ,men live but by ,intervals of ,reason1 under the ,sovereignty of ,humor and ,passion1 when 'tis in the ,power of every one to transform thee out of thy self1 and put thee into the short ,madness4 ,if you cannot imitate ,job1 yet come not short of ,socrates1#cae and those patient ,pagans1 who tir'd the ,tongues of their ,enemies while they perceiv'd they spet their ,malice at brazen ,walls and ,statues4 #cae ,ira furor brevis est4 ,let ,age1 not ,envy1 draw ,wrinkles on thy ,cheeks3 be content to be envied1 but envy not4 ,emulation may be plausible1 and ,indignation allowable2 but admit no ,treaty with that ,passion which no ,circumstance can make good4 ,a ,displacency at the ,good of others1 because they enjoy it1 altho' we do not want it1 is an absurd ,depravity1 sticking fast unto human ,nature from its primitive ,corruption2 which he that can well subdue1 were a ,christian of the first ,magnitude1 and for ought ,i know1 may have one ,foot already in ,heaven4 ,while thou so hotly disclaim'st the ,devil1 be not guilty of ,diabolism2 fall not into one ,name with that unclean ,spirit1 nor act his ,nature whom thou so much abhorrest2 that is1 to accuse1 calumniate1 backbite1 whisper1 detract1 or sinistrously interpret others2 degenerous ,depravities and narrow-minded ,vices1 not only below ,s4 ,paul's noble ,christian1 but ,aristotle's#caf true ,gentleman4 ,trust not with some1 that the ,epistle of ,s4 ,james is ,apocryphal1 and so read with less ,fear that ,stabbing ,truth1 that in company with this ,vice thy ,religion is in vain4 ,moses broke the ,tables without breaking of the ,law2 but where ,charity is broke the ,law it self is shatter'd1 which cannot be whole without ,love1 that is the fulfilling of it4 ,look humbly upon thy ,vertues1 and tho' thou art rich in some1 yet think thy self poor and naked1 without that crowning ,grace1 which thinketh no ,evil1 which envieth not1 which beareth1 believeth1 hopeth1 endureth all things4 ,with these sure ,graces1 while busie ,tongues are crying out for a ,drop of cold ,water1 ,mutes may be in ,happiness1 and sing the ,trisagium#cag in ,heaven4 #caf ,see ,arist4 ,ethicks ,chapt4 of ,magnanimity4 #cag ,holy1 ,holy1 ,holy4 ,let not the ,sun in ,capricorn go down upon thy ,wrath1 but ,write thy ,wrongs in ,water3 draw the ,curtain of ,night upon ,injuries2 shut them up in the ,tower of ,oblivion1#cah and let them be as tho' they had not been4 ,forgive thine ,enemies totally1 and without any ,reserve of ,hope1 that however1 ,god will revenge thee4 #cah ,even when the ,days are shortest2 alluding to the ,tower of ,oblivion mentioned by ,procopius1 which was the ,name of a ,tower of ,imprisonment among the ,persians3 whosoever was put therein he was as it were buried alive1 and it was ,death for any but to name it4 ,be substantially great in thy self1 and more than thou appearest unto others2 and let the ,world be deceived in thee1 as they are in the ,lights of ,heaven4 ,hang early ,plummets upon the ,heels of ,pride1 and let ,ambition have but an ,epicyche or narrow ,circuit in thee4 ,measure not thy self by thy ,morning ,shadow1 but by the ,extent of thy ,grave2 and reckon thy self above the ,earth by the ,line thou must be contented with under it4 ,spread not into boundless ,expansions either to ,designs or ,desires4 ,think not that ,mankind liveth but for a few1 and that the rest are born but to serve the ,ambition of those1 who make but ,flies of ,men1 and ,wildernesses of whole ,nations4 ,swell not into ,actions which embroil and confound the ,earth2 but be one of those violent ones which force the ,kingdom of ,heaven4#cai ,if thou must needs reign1 be ,zeno1 ,king1 and enjoy that ,empire which every ,man gives himself4 ,certainly1 the iterated ,injunctions of ,christ unto ,humility1 ,meekness1 ,patience1 and that despised ,train of ,vertues1 cannot but make pathetical ,impressions upon those who have well consider'd the ,affairs of all ,ages1 wherein ,pride1 ,ambition1 and ,vain glory1 have led up the worst of ,actions1 and whereunto ,confusion1 ,tragedies1 and ,acts denying all ,religion1 do owe their ,originals4 #cai ,matthew xi4 ,rest not in an ,ovation1#cbj but a ,triumph over thy ,passions2 chain up the unruly ,legion of thy ,breast2 behold thy ,trophies within thee1 not without thee3 ,lead thine own ,captivity captive1 and be ,csar unto thy self4 #cbj ,ovation1 a petty and minor kind of ,triumph4 ,give no quarter unto those ,vices which are of thine inward ,family2 and having a ,root in thy ,temper1 plead a ,right and ,property in thee4 ,examine well thy complexional ,inclinations4 ,raise early ,batteries against those strong ,holds built upon the ,rock of ,nature1 and make this a great ,part of the ,militia of thy ,life4 ,the politick ,nature of ,vice must be oppos'd by ,policy1 and therefore wiser ,honesties project and plot against ,sin2 wherein notwithstanding we are not to rest in ,generals1 or the trite ,stratagems of ,art3 that may succeed with one ,temper which may prove successless with another4 ,there is no ,community or ,common-wealth of ,virtue2 every ,man must study his own ,oeconomy1 and erect these ,rules unto the ,figure of himself4 ,lastly1 ,if ,length of ,days be thy ,portion1 make it not thy ,expectation3 ,reckon not upon long ,life1 but live always beyond thy ,account4 ,he that so often surviveth his ,expectation1 lives many ,lives1 and will hardly complain of the ,shortness of his ,days4 ,time past is gone like a ,shadow2 make ,times to come present2 conceive that near which may be far off2 approximate thy last ,times by present ,apprehensions of them3 ,live like a ,neighbour unto ,death1 and think there is but little to come4 ,and since there is something in us that must still live on1 join both ,lives together2 unite them in thy ,thoughts and ,actions1 and live in one but for the other4 ,he who thus ordereth the ,purposes of this ,life1 will never be far from the next1 and is in some manner already in it1 by an happy ,conformity1 and close ,apprehension of it4 ,,finis ,,posthumous ,,works #agab ,,repertorium3 ,or1 some ,account of the ,tombs and ,monuments in the ,cathedral ,church of ,norwich1 in #afhj4 ,in the ,time of the late ,civil ,wars1 there were about an hundred ,brass ,inscriptions stol'n and taken away from ,grave-,stones1 and ,tombs1 in the ,cathedral ,church of ,norwich2 as ,i was inform'd by ,john ,wright1 one of the ,clerks1 above ,eighty ,years old1 and ,mr4 ,john ,sandlin1 one of the ,choir1 who lived ,eighty nine ,years2 and1 as ,i remember1 told me that he was a ,chorister in the ,reign of ,queen ,elizabeth4 ,hereby the distinct ,places of the ,burials of many noble and considerable ,persons become unknown2 and1 lest they should be quite buried in ,oblivion1 ,i shall1 of so many1 set down only these following that are most noted to ,passengers1 with some that have been erected since those unhappy ,times4 ,first1 in the ,body of the ,church1 between the ,pillars of the ,south ,isle1 stands a ,tomb1 cover'd with a kind of ,touch-stone2 which is the ,monument of ,,miles ,,spencer1 ,,ll4,d4 and ,chancellor of ,norwich1 who lived unto ,ninety ,years4 ,the ,top ,stone was entire1 but now quite broken1 split1 and depress'd by ,blows3 ,there was more special ,notice taken of this ,stone1 because ,men used to try their ,money upon it2 and that the ,chapter demanded certain ,rents to be paid on it4 ,he was ,lord of the ,mannor of ,bowthorp and ,colney1 which came unto the ,yaxley's from him2 also ,owner of ,chappel1 in the ,field4 ,the next ,monument is that of ,bishop ,,richard ,,nicks1 alias ,nix1 or the ,blind ,bishop1 being quite dark many ,years before he died4 ,he sat in this ,see ,thirty ,six ,years1 in the ,reigns of ,king ,henry ,,vii4 and ,henry ,,viii4 ,the ,arches are beautified above and beside it1 where are to be seen the ,arms of the ,see of ,norwich1 impaling his own1 viz4 a ,chevron between three ,leopards ,heads4 ,the same ,coat of ,arms is on the ,roof of the ,north and ,south ,cross ,isle2 which ,roofs he either rebuilt1 or repair'd4 ,the ,tomb is low1 and broad1 and 'tis said there was an ,altar at the bottom of the ,eastern ,pillar3 ,the ,iron-work1 whereon the ,bell hung1 is yet visible on the ,side of the ,western ,pillar4 ,then the ,tomb of ,bishop ,,john ,,parkhurst1 with a legible ,inscription on the ,pillar1 set up by ,dean ,gardiner1 running thus4 ,johannes ,parkhurst1 ,theol4 ,professor1 ,guilfordi natus1 ,oxoni educatus1 temporibus ,mari ,regin pro ,nitida conscientia tuenda ,tigurin vixit exul ,voluntarius3 ,postea presul factus1 sanctissime ,hanc rexit ,ecclesiam per #af an4 ,obiit secundo die ,febr4 #aegd4 ,a ,person he was of great ,esteem and ,veneration in the ,reign of ,queen ,elizabeth4 ,his ,coat of ,arms is on the ,pillars1 visible1 at the going out of the ,bishop's ,hall4 ,between the two uppermost ,pillars1 on the same ,side1 stood a handsom ,monument of ,bishop ,,edmund ,,scamler1 thus4 ,natus apud ,gressingham1 in ,com4 ,lanc4 ,,ss4 ,theol4 ,prof4 apud ,cantabrigienses4 ,obiit tat4 #he4 an4 #aeid nonis ,maii4 ,he was ,houshold ,chaplain to the ,archbishop of ,canterbury1 and died #aeid4 ,the ,monument was above a yard and half high1 with his ,effigies in ,alabaster1 and all enclosed with a high ,iron ,grate4 ,in the late ,times the ,grate was taken away1 the ,statue broken1 and the ,free-stone pulled down as far as the inward ,brick-work2 which being unsightly1 was afterwards taken away1 and the ,space between the ,pillars left void1 as it now remaineth4 ,in the ,south-side of this ,isle1 according as the ,inscription denoteth1 was buried ,,george ,,gardiner1 sometime ,dean4 ,georgius ,gardiner ,barvici natus1 ,cantabrigi educatus1 ,primo minor ,canonicus1 secundo ,prbendarius1 tertio ,archidiaconus4 ,nordovici1 et demum #bh ,nov4 ,an4 #aegc4 factus est ,sacellanus ,domin ,regin1 et ,decanus hujus ,ecclesi1 in quo loco per #af ,annos rexit4 ,somewhat higher is a ,monument for ,dr4 ,,edmund ,,porter1 a learned ,prebendary1 sometime of this ,church4 ,between two ,pillars of the ,north ,isle in the ,body of the ,church1 stands the ,monument of ,sir ,,james ,,hobart1 ,attorney-,general to ,king ,henry ,,vii4 and ,,viii4 ,he built ,loddon ,church1 ,st4 ,olave's ,bridge1 and made the ,causeway adjoining upon the ,south-side4 ,on the upper ,part is the ,atchievement of the ,hobarts1 and below are their ,arms2 as also of the ,nantons1 viz4 7three ,martlets7 his second ,lady being of that ,family4 ,it is a close ,monument1 made up of handsom ,stone-work3 ,and this ,enclosure might have been employ'd as an ,oratory4 ,some of the ,family of the ,hobarts have been buried near this ,monument2 as ,mr4 ,james ,hobart of ,holt4 ,on the ,south-side1 two young ,sons1 and a ,daughter of ,dean ,herbert ,astley1 who married ,barbara1 ,daughter of ,john1 only ,son of ,sir ,john ,hobart of ,hales4 ,in the ,middle ,isle1 under a very large ,stone1 almost over which a ,branch for ,lights hangeth1 was buried ,sir ,,francis ,,southwell1 descended from those of great ,name and ,estate in ,norfolk1 who formerly possessed ,woodrising4 ,under a fair ,stone1 by ,bishop ,parkhurst's ,tomb1 was buried ,dr4 ,,masters1 ,chancellor4 ,gul4 ,maister1 ,,ll4 ,doctor ,curi ,cons4 ,epatus ,norwicen4 ,officialis principalis4 ,obiit #b ,feb4 #aehi4 ,at the upper ,end of the ,middle ,isle1 under a large ,stone1 was buried ,bishop ,,walter de ,,hart1 alias le ,,hart1 or ,,lyghard4 ,he was ,bishop #bf ,years1 in the ,times of ,henry ,,vi4 and ,edward ,,iv4 ,he built the ,transverse ,stone ,partition1 or ,rood ,loft1 on which the great ,crucifix was placed1 beautified the ,roof of the ,body of the ,church1 and paved it4 ,towards the ,north-side of the ,partition-,wall are his ,arms the ,bull and towards the ,south-side1 a ,hart in ,water1 as a ,rebus of his ,name1 ,walter ,hart4 ,upon the ,door1 under the ,rood ,loft1 was a ,plate of ,brass1 containing these ,verses4 ,hic jacet absconsus sub marmore presul honestus ,anno milleno ,c quater cum septuageno ,annexis binis instabat ei prope finis ,septima cum decima lux ,maij sit numerata ,ipsius est anima de corpore tunc separata4 ,between this ,partition and the ,choir on the ,north-side1 is the ,monument of ,dame ,,elizabeth ,,calthorpe1 ,wife of ,sir ,francis ,calthorpe1 and afterwards ,wife of ,john ,colepepper1 ,esq4 ,in the same ,partition1 behind the ,dean's ,stall1 was buried ,,john ,,crofts1 lately ,dean1 ,son of ,sir ,henry ,crofts of ,suffolk1 and ,brother to the ,lord ,william ,crofts4 ,he was sometime ,fellow of ,all-,souls ,college in ,oxford1 and the first ,dean after the ,restauration of his ,majesty ,king ,charles ,,ii4 whose ,predecessor1 ,dr4 ,john ,hassal1 who was ,dean many ,years1 was not buried in this ,church1 but in that of ,creek4 ,he was of ,new ,college in ,oxford1 and ,chaplain to the ,lady ,elizabeth1 ,queen of ,bohemia1 who obtain'd this ,deanry for him4 ,on the ,south-side of the ,choir1 between two ,pillars1 stands the ,monument of ,bishop ,,james ,,goldwell1 ,dean of ,salisbury1 and ,secretary to ,king ,edward ,,iv4 who sat in this ,see ,twenty five ,years4 ,his ,effigies is in ,stone1 with a ,lion at his ,feet1 which was his ,arms1 as appears on his ,coat above the ,tomb4 ,on the ,choir ,side1 his ,arms are also to be seen in the sixth ,escocheon1 in the ,west-side over the ,choir2 as also in ,s4 ,andrew's ,church1 at the ,deanry in a ,window2 at ,trowes1 ,newton-,hall1 and at ,charta-magna in ,kent1 the ,place of his ,nativity2 where he also built1 or repair'd the ,chappel4 ,he is said to have much repair'd the ,east ,end of this ,church2 did many good ,works1 lived in great ,esteem1 and died ,ann4 #adih or #adii4 ,next above ,bishop ,goldwell1 where the ,iron ,grates yet stand1 ,bishop ,,john ,,wakering is said to have been buried4 ,he was ,bishop in the ,reign of ,king ,henry ,v4 and was sent to the ,council of ,constance3 ,he is said also to have built the ,cloister in the ,bishop's ,palace1 which led into it from the ,church ,door1 which was cover'd with a handsom ,roof1 before the late ,civil ,war4 ,also reported to have built the ,chapter-house1 which being ruinous1 is now demolish'd1 and the decay'd ,parts above and about it handsomly repair'd1 or new built4 ,the ,arms of the ,see impaling his own ,coat1 the ,three ,fleur des ,lys1 are yet visible upon the ,wall by the ,door4 ,he lived in great ,reputation1 and died #adbf1 and is said to have been buried before ,s4 ,george's ,altar4 ,on the ,north-side of the ,choir1 between the two ,arches1 next to ,queen ,elizabeth's ,seat1 were buried ,sir ,,thomas ,,erpingham1 and his ,wives the ,lady ,,joan1 etc4 whose ,pictures were in the ,painted-,glass ,windows1 next unto this ,place1 with the ,arms of the ,erpingham's4 ,the ,insides of both the ,pillars were painted in red ,colours1 with divers ,figures and ,inscriptions1 from the top almost to the bottom1 which are now washed out by the late whiting of the ,pillars4 ,he was a ,knight of the ,garter in the ,time of ,hen4 ,,iv4 and some ,part of ,hen4 ,v4 and ,i find his ,name in the ,list of the ,lord ,wardens of the ,cinque-,ports4 ,he is said to have built the ,black ,friars ,church1 or ,steeple1 or both1 now called ,new-,hall ,steeple4 ,his ,arms are often on the ,steeple1 which are an ,escocheon within an ,orle of ,martlets1 and also upon the out-side of the ,gate1 next the ,school-,house4 ,there was a long ,brass ,inscription about the ,tomb-stone1 which was torn away in the late ,times1 and the ,name of ,erpingham only remaining4 ,johannes ,dominus de ,erpingham ,miles1 was buried in the ,parish ,church of ,erpingham1 as the ,inscription still declareth4 ,in the ,north ,isle1 near to the ,door1 leading towards ,jesus ,chappel1 was buried ,sir ,,william ,,denny1 ,recorder of ,norwich1 and one of the ,counsellors at ,law to ,king ,charles ,i4 ,in ,jesus ,chappel stands a large ,tomb 7which is said to have been translated from our ,ladies ,chappel1 when that grew ruinous1 and was taken down7 whereof the ,brass ,inscription about it is taken away2 but old ,mr4 ,spendlow1 who was a ,prebendary #ej ,years1 and ,mr4 ,sandlin1 used to say1 that it was the ,tombstone of the ,windham's2 and in all ,probability1 might have belonged to ,sir ,thomas ,windham1 one of ,king ,henry ,,viii4's ,counsellors1 of his ,guard1 and ,vice-,admiral2 for ,i find that there hath been such an ,inscription upon the ,tomb of a ,windham in this ,church4 ,orate pro aa ,thome ,windham1 militis1 ,elianore1 et ,domine ,elizabethe1 uxorum ejus1 etc4 qui quidem ,thomas fuit unus consiliariorum ,regis ,henrici ,,viii4 et unus militum pro corpore1 ejusdem ,domini1 nec non ,vice-,admirallus4 ,and according to the ,number of the ,three ,persons in the ,inscription1 there are ,three ,figures upon the ,tomb4 ,on the ,north ,wall of ,jesus ,chappel there is a legible ,brass ,inscription in ,latin ,verses2 and at the last ,line ,pater ,noster4 ,this was the ,monument of ,randulfus ,pulvertoft custos caronelle4 ,above the ,inscription was his ,coat of ,arms1 viz4 ,six ,ears of ,wheat with a ,border of ,cinque-foils2 but now washed out1 since the ,wall was whiten'd4 ,at the ,entrance of ,st4 ,luke's ,chappel1 on the ,left ,hand1 is an arched ,monument1 said to belong to one of the ,family of the ,bosvile's or ,boswill1 sometime ,prior of the ,convent4 ,at the ,east ,end of the ,monument are the ,arms of the ,church 7the ,cross7 and on the ,west ,end another 7three ,bolt ,arrows17 which is supposed to be his ,paternal ,coat4 ,the same ,coat is to be seen in the sixth ,escocheon of the ,south-side1 under the ,belfry4 ,some ,inscriptions upon this ,monument were washed out when the ,church was lately whiten'd2 as among the rest1 ,o morieris6 ,o morieris6 ,o morieris6 ,the three ,bolts are the known ,arms of the ,bosomes1 an ancient ,family in ,norfolk2 but whether of the ,bosviles1 or no1 ,i am uncertain4 ,next unto it is the ,monument of ,,richard ,,brome1 ,esq4 whose ,arms thereon are ,ermyns2 and for the ,crest1 a ,bunch or ,branch of ,broom with ,golden ,flowers4 ,this might be ,richard ,brome1 ,esq4 whose ,daughter married the ,heir of the ,yaxley's of ,yaxley1 in the ,time of ,henry ,,vii4 ,and one of the same ,name founded a ,chappel in the ,field in ,norwich4 ,there are also in ,st4 ,luke's ,chappel1 amongst the ,seats on the ,south-side1 two substantial ,marble and cross'd ,tombs1 very ancient1 said to be two ,priors of this ,convent4 ,at the ,entrance into the ,cloister1 by the upper ,door on the ,right ,hand1 next the ,stairs1 was a handsom ,monument on the ,wall1 which was pulled down in the late ,times1 and a ,void ,place still remaineth4 ,upon this ,stone were the ,figures of two ,persons in a praying ,posture1 on their ,knees4 ,i was told by ,mr4 ,sandlin1 that it was said to be the ,monument for one of the ,bigots1 who built or beautified that ,arch by it1 which leadeth into the ,church4 ,in the ,choir towards the high ,altar1 and below the ,ascents1 there is an old ,tomb1 which hath been generally said to have been the ,monument of ,bishop ,,william ,,herbert1 ,founder of the ,church1 and commonly known by the ,name of the ,founder's ,tomb4 ,this was above an ,ell high2 but when the ,pulpit1 in the late ,confusion1 was placed at the ,pillar1 where ,bishop ,overall's ,monument now is1 and the ,aldermen's ,seats were at the ,east ,end1 and the ,mayor's ,seat in the middle at the high ,altar1 the height of the ,tomb being a ,hindrance unto the ,people1 it was taken down to such a ,lowness as it now remains in4 ,he was born at ,oxford1 in good ,favour with ,king ,william ,rufus1 and ,king ,henry ,i4 removed the ,episcopal ,see from ,thetford to ,norwich1 built the ,priory for #fj ,monks1 the ,cathedral ,church1 the ,bishop's ,palace1 the ,church of ,s4 ,leonard1 whose ,ruins still remain upon the ,brow of ,mushold-,hill2 the ,church of ,s4 ,nicolas at ,yarmouth1 of ,s4 ,margaret at ,lynn1 of ,s4 ,mary at ,elmham1 and instituted the ,cluniack ,monks at ,thetford4 ,malmsbury saith he was1 ,vir pecuniosus1 which his great ,works declare1 and had always this good ,saying of ,s4 ,hierom in his ,mouth1 ,erravimus juvenes1 emendemus senes4 ,many ,bishops of old might be buried about1 or not far from the ,founder1 as ,william ,turbus1 a ,norman1 the third ,bishop of ,norwich1 and ,john of ,oxford the fourth1 accounted among the learned ,men of his ,time1 who built ,trinity ,church in ,ipswich1 and died in the ,reign of ,king ,john2 and it is deliver'd1 that these two ,bishops were buried near to ,bishop ,herbert1 the ,founder4 ,in the same ,row1 or not far off1 was buried ,bishop ,,henry le ,,spencer1 as lost ,brass ,inscriptions have declar'd4 ,and ,mr4 ,sandlin told me1 that he had seen an ,inscription on a ,gravestone thereabouts1 with the ,name of ,henricus de1 or le ,spencer3 ,he came young unto the ,see1 and sat longer in it than any before or after him3 ,but his ,time might have been shorter1 if he had not escaped in the ,fray at ,lennam1 7a ,town of which he was ,lord7 where forcing the ,magistrate's ,tipstaff to be carried before him1 the ,people with ,staves1 ,stones1 and ,arrows1 wounded1 and put his ,servants to ,flight4 ,he was also wounded1 and left alone1 as ,john ,fox hath set it down out of the ,chronicle of ,s4 ,albans4 ,in the same ,row1 of late ,times1 was buried ,bishop ,,richard ,,montague1 as the ,inscription1 ,depositum ,montacutii ,episcopi1 doth declare4 ,for his eminent ,knowledge in the ,greek ,language1 he was much countenanc'd by ,sir ,henry ,savile1 ,provost of ,eaton ,college1 and settled in a ,fellowship thereof3 ,afterwards made ,bishop of ,chichester2 thence translated unto ,norwich1 where he lived about three ,years4 ,he came unto ,norwich with the evil ,effects of a quartan ,ague1 which he had about a ,year before1 and which accompany'd him to his ,grave2 yet he studied1 and writ very much1 had an excellent ,library of ,books1 and ,heaps of ,papers1 fairly written with his own ,hand1 concerning the ,ecclesiastical ,history4 ,his ,books were sent to ,london2 and1 as it was said1 his ,papers against ,baronius1 and others transmitted to ,rome2 from whence they were never return'd4 ,on the other ,side was buried ,bishop ,,john ,,overall1 ,fellow of ,trinity ,college in ,cambridge1 ,master of ,katherine ,hall1 ,regius ,professor1 and ,dean of ,st4 ,pauls2 and had the ,honour to be nominated one of the first ,governours of ,sutton ,hospital1 by the ,founder himself1 a ,person highly reverenc'd and belov'd2 who being buried without any ,inscription1 had a ,monument lately erected for him by ,dr4 ,cosin1 ,lord ,bishop of ,durham1 upon the next ,pillar4 ,under the large ,sandy-colour'd ,stone was buried ,bishop ,,richard ,,corbet1 a ,person of singular ,wit1 and an eloquent ,preacher1 who lived ,bishop of this ,see but three ,years1 being before ,dean of ,christ ,church1 then ,bishop of ,oxford4 ,the ,inscription is as follows3 ,richardus ,corbet ,theologi ,doctor1 ,ecclesi ,cathedralis ,christi ,oxoniensis ,primum alumnus inde ,decanus1 exinde ,episcopus1 illinc huc translatus1 et ,hinc in coelum1 ,jul4 #bh4 ,ann4 #afce4 ,the ,arms on it1 are the ,see of ,norwich1 impaling1 ,or a ,raven sab4 ,corbet4 ,towards the upper ,end of the ,choir1 and on the ,south-side1 under a fair large ,stone1 was interred ,sir ,,william ,,boleyn1 or ,,bullen1 ,great ,grandfather to ,queen ,elizabeth4 ,the ,inscription hath been long lost1 which was this3 ,hic jacet corpus ,willelmi ,boleyn1 militis1 ,qui obiit x ,octobris1 ,ann4 ,dom4 ,,mcccccv4 ,and ,i find in a good ,manuscript of the ,ancient ,gentry of ,norfolk and ,suffolk these ,words4 ,sir ,william ,boleyn1 ,heir unto ,sir ,tho4 ,boleyn1 who married ,margaret1 ,daughter and ,heir of ,tho4 ,butler1 ,earl of ,ormond1 died in the ,year #aeje1 and was buried on the ,south-side of the ,chancel of ,christ ,church in ,norwich4 ,and surely the ,arms of few ,families have been more often found in any ,church1 than those of the ,boleyn's1 on the ,walls1 and in the ,windows of the ,east ,part of this ,church4 ,many others of this noble ,family were buried in ,bleckling ,church4 ,many other ,bishops might be buried in this ,church1 as we find it so asserted by some ,historical ,accounts2 but no ,history or ,tradition remaining of the ,place of their ,interment1 in vain we endeavour to design and point out the same4 ,as of ,bishop ,,johannes de ,,gray1 who1 as it is delivered1 was interr'd in this ,church1 was a ,favourite of ,king ,john1 and sent by him to the ,pope3 ,he was also ,lord ,deputy of ,ireland1 and a ,person of great ,reputation1 and built ,gaywood ,hall by ,lynn4 ,as also of ,bishop ,,roger ,,skerewyng1 in whose ,time happened that bloody ,contention between the ,monks and ,citizens1 begun at a ,fair kept before the ,gate1 when the ,church was fir'd3 ,to compose which ,king ,henry ,,iii4 came to ,norwich1 and ,william de ,brunham1 ,prior1 was much to blame4 ,see ,holingshead1 etc4 ,or1 of ,bishop ,,william ,,middleton1 who succeeded him1 and was buried in this ,church2 in whose ,time the ,church that was burnt while ,skerewyng sat was repair'd and consecrated1 in the ,presence of ,king ,edward ,i4 ,or1 of ,bishop ,,john ,,salmon1 sometime ,lord ,chancellor of ,england1 who died #acbe1 and was here interr'd1 his ,works were noble4 ,he built the great ,hall in the ,bishop's ,palace2 the ,bishop's long ,chappel on the ,east-side of the ,palace1 which was no ordinary ,fabrick2 and a strong handsom ,chappel at the ,west ,end of the ,church1 and appointed four ,priests for the daily ,service therein3 ,unto which great ,works he was the better enabled1 by obtaining a ,grant of the first ,fruits from ,pope ,clement4 ,or1 of ,bishop ,,thomas ,,percy1 ,brother to the ,earl of ,northumberland1 in the reign of ,richard ,,ii4 who gave unto a ,chantry the ,lands about ,carlton1 ,kimberly1 and ,wicklewood2 in whose ,time the ,steeple and ,belfry were blown down1 and rebuilt by him1 and a ,contribution from the ,clergy4 ,or1 of ,bishop ,,anthony de ,,beck1 a ,person of an unquiet ,spirit1 very much hated1 and poison'd by his ,servants4 ,or likewise1 of ,bishop ,,thomas ,,browne1 who being ,bishop of ,rochester1 was chosen ,bishop of ,norwich1 while he was at the ,council of ,basil1 in the reign of ,king ,henry ,,vi4 was a strenuous ,assertor of the ,rights of the ,church against the ,citizens4 ,or1 of ,bishop ,,william ,,rugge1 in whose last ,year happen'd ,kett's ,rebellion1 in the ,reign of ,edward ,,vi4 ,i find his ,name1 ,guil4 ,norwicensis1 among the ,bishops1 who subscribed unto a ,declaration against the ,pope's ,supremacy1 in the ,time of ,henry ,,viii4 ,or1 of ,bishop ,,john ,,hopton1 who was ,bishop in the ,time of ,queen ,mary1 and died the same ,year with her4 ,he is often mentioned1 together with his ,chancellor ,dunning1 by ,john ,fox in his ,martyrology4 ,or lastly1 of ,bishop ,,william ,,redman1 of ,trinity ,college in ,cambridge1 who was ,archdeacon of ,canterbury4 ,his ,arms are upon a ,board on the ,north-side of the ,choir1 near to the ,pulpit4 ,of the four ,bishops in ,queen ,elizabeth's ,reign1 ,parkhurst1 ,freake1 ,scamler and ,redman1 ,sir ,john ,harrington1 in his ,history of the ,bishops in her ,time1 writeth thus2 ,for the four ,bishops in the ,queen's ,days1 they liv'd as ,bishops should do1 and were not ,warriours like ,bishop ,spencer1 their ,predecessor4 ,some ,bishops were buried neither in the ,body of the ,church1 nor in the ,choir2 but in our ,ladies ,chappel1 at the ,east ,end of the ,church1 built by ,bishop ,,walter de ,,suthfeild1 7in the ,reign of ,henry ,,iii47 wherein he was buried1 and ,miracles said to be wrought at his ,tomb1 he being a ,person of great ,charity and ,piety4 ,wherein also was buried ,bishop ,,simon de ,,wanton1 vel ,,walton1 and ,bishop ,alexander1 who had been ,prior of the ,convent2 and also1 as some think1 ,bishop ,roger ,skerewyng1 and probably other ,bishops1 and ,persons of ,quality1 whose ,tombs and ,monuments we now in vain enquire after in the ,church4 ,this was a handsom ,chappel2 and there was a fair ,entrance into it out of the ,church1 of a considerable ,height also1 as may be seen by the out-side1 where it adjoined unto the ,wall of the ,church4 ,but being ruinous1 it was1 as ,i have heard1 demolished in the ,time of ,dean ,gardiner3 ,but what became of the ,tombs1 ,monuments1 and ,grave-stones1 we have no ,account3 ,in this ,chappel1 the ,bishop's ,consistory1 or ,court1 might be kept in old ,time1 for we find in ,fox's ,martyrology1 that divers ,persons accused of ,heresy were examined by the ,bishop1 or his ,chancellor1 in ,st4 ,mary's ,chappel4 ,this famous ,bishop1 ,walter de ,suthfeild1 who built this ,chappel1 is also said to have built the ,hospital not far off4 ,again1 divers ,bishops sat in this ,see1 who left not their ,bones in this ,church2 for some died not here1 but at distant ,places2 some were translated to other ,bishopricks2 and some1 tho' they lived and died here1 were not buried in this ,church4 ,some died at distant ,places2 as ,bishop ,richard ,courtney1 ,chancellor of ,oxford1 and in great ,favour with ,king ,henry ,v4 by whom he was sent unto the ,king of ,france1 to challenge his ,right unto that ,crown2 but he dying in ,france1 his ,body was brought into ,england1 and interr'd in ,westminster-,abbey among the ,kings4 ,bishop ,,william ,,bateman1 ,,ll4,d4 born in ,norwich1 who founded ,trinity-,hall1 in ,cambridge1 and persuaded ,gonvil to build ,gonvil-,college1 died at ,avignon in ,france1 being sent by the ,king to ,rome1 and was buried in that ,city4 ,bishop ,,william ,,ayermin died near ,london4 ,bishop ,,thomas ,,thirlby1 ,doctor of ,law1 died in ,archbishop ,matthew ,parker's ,house1 and was buried at ,lambeth1 with this inscription3 ,hic jacet ,thomas ,thirlby1 olim ,episcopus ,eliensis1 qui obiit #bf die ,augusti1 ,anno ,domini1 #aegj4 ,bishop ,,thomas ,,jann1 who was ,prior of ,ely1 died at ,folkston-,abbey1 near ,dover in ,kent4 ,some were translated unto other ,bishopricks2 as ,bishop ,,william ,,ralegh was remov'd unto ,winchester1 by ,king ,henry ,,iii4 ,bishop ,,ralph de ,,walpole was translated to ,ely1 in the time of ,edward ,i4 ,he is said to have begun the building of the ,cloister1 which is esteemed the fairest in ,england4 ,bishop ,,william ,,alnwick built the ,church ,gates at the ,west ,end of the ,church1 and the great ,window1 and was translated to ,lincoln1 in the ,reign of ,henry ,,vi4 ,and of later time1 ,bishop ,,edmund ,,freake1 who succeeded ,bishop ,parkhurst1 was removed unto ,worcester1 and there lieth entomb'd4 ,bishop ,,samuel ,,harsnet1 ,master of ,pembroke-,hall1 in ,cambridge1 and ,bishop of ,chichester1 was thence translated to ,york4 ,bishop ,,francis ,,white1 ,almoner unto the ,king1 formerly ,bishop of ,carlisle1 translated unto ,ely4 ,bishop ,,matthew ,,wren1 ,dean of the ,chappel1 translated also to ,ely1 and was not buried here4 ,bishop ,,john ,,jegon1 who died #afag1 was buried at ,aylesham1 near ,norwich4 ,he was ,master of ,bennet ,college1 and ,dean of ,norwich1 whose ,arms1 ,two ,chevrons with an ,eagle on a ,canton1 are yet to be seen on the ,west ,side of the ,bishop's ,throne4 ,my honour'd ,friend ,bishop ,,joseph ,,hall1 ,dean of ,worcester1 and ,bishop of ,exon1 translated to ,norwich1 was buried at ,heigham1 near ,norwich1 where he hath a ,monument4 ,when the ,revenues of the ,church were alienated1 he retired unto that ,suburbian ,parish1 and there ended his ,days1 being above #hj ,years of ,age4 ,a ,person of singular ,humility1 ,patience1 and ,piety2 his own ,works are the best ,monument and ,character of himself1 which was also very lively drawn in his excellent ,funeral ,sermon1 preach'd by my learned and faithful old ,friend1 ,john ,whitefoot1 ,rector of ,heigham1 a very deserving ,clerk of the ,convocation of ,norwich4 ,his ,arms in the ,register ,office of ,norwich are1 ,sable three ,talbots ,heads erased ,argent4 ,my honour'd ,friend also1 ,bishop ,,edward ,,reynolds1 was not buried in the ,church but in the ,bishop's ,chappel2 which was built by himself4 ,he was born at ,southampton1 brought up at ,merton ,colledge in ,oxford1 and the first ,bishop of ,norwich after the ,king's ,restauration3 ,a ,person much of the ,temper of his ,predecessor1 ,dr4 ,joseph ,hall1 of singular ,affability1 ,meekness and ,humility2 of great ,learning2 a frequent ,preacher1 and constant ,resident3 ,he sat in this ,see about #ag ,years2 and though buried in his private ,chappel1 yet his ,funeral ,sermon was preached in the ,cathedral1 by ,mr4 ,benedict ,rively1 now ,minister of ,s4 ,andrews3 ,he was succeeded by ,dr4 ,anthony ,sparrow1 our worthy and honoured ,diocesan4 ,it is thought that some ,bishops were buried in the old ,bishops ,chappel1 said to be built by ,bishop ,john ,salmon demolish'd in the ,time of the late ,war for therein were many ,gravestones1 and some plain ,monuments4 ,this old ,chappel was higher1 broader1 and much larger than the said new ,chappel built by ,bishop ,reynolds2 but being covered with ,lead1 the ,lead was sold1 and taken away in the late rebellious ,times2 and the ,fabrick growing ruinous and useless1 it was taken down1 and some of the ,stones partly made use of in the building of the new ,chappel4 ,now1 whereas there have been so many noble and ancient ,families in these ,parts1 yet we find not more of them to have been buried in this the ,mother ,church4 ,it may be consider'd1 that no small numbers of them were interred in the ,churches and ,chappels of the ,monasteries and religious ,houses of this ,city1 especially in three thereof2 the ,austin-,fryars1 the ,black-,fryars1 the ,carmelite1 or ,white ,fryars2 for therein were buried many ,persons of both ,sexes1 of great and good ,families1 whereof there are few or no ,memorials in the ,cathedral4 ,and in the best preserved ,registers of such ,interments of old1 from ,monuments and ,inscriptions1 we find the ,names of ,men and ,women of many ancient ,families2 as of ,ufford1 ,hastings1 ,radcliffe1 ,morley1 ,windham1 ,geney1 ,clifton1 ,pigot1 ,hengrave1 ,garney1 ,howell1 ,ferris1 ,bacon1 ,boys1 ,wichingham1 ,soterley2 of ,falstolph1 ,ingham1 ,felbrigge1 ,talbot1 ,harsick1 ,pagrave1 ,berney1 ,woodhowse1 ,howldich2 of ,argenton1 ,somerton1 ,gros1 ,benhall1 ,banyard1 ,paston1 ,crunthorpe1 ,withe1 ,colet1 ,gerbrigge1 ,berry1 ,calthorpe1 ,everard1 ,hetherset1 ,wachesham3 ,all ,lords1 ,knights1 and ,esquires1 with divers others4 ,beside the great and noble ,families of the ,bigots1 ,mowbrays1 ,howards1 were the most part interr'd at ,thetford1 in the ,religious ,houses of which they were ,founders1 or ,benefactors4 ,the ,mortimers were buried at ,attleburgh2 the ,aubeneys at ,windham1 in the ,priory or ,abbey founded by them4 ,and ,camden says1 ,that a great part of the ,nobility and ,gentry of those ,parts were buried at ,pentney ,abbey3 ,many others were buried dispersedly in ,churches1 or ,religious ,houses1 founded or endowed by themselves2 and therefore it is the less to be wonder'd at1 that so many great and considerable ,persons of this ,country were not interr'd in this ,church4 ,there are ,twenty-four ,escocheons1 viz4 six on a ,side on the inside of the ,steeple over the ,choir1 with several ,coats of ,arms1 most whereof are ,memorials of ,things1 ,persons1 and ,families1 ,well-wishers1 ,patrons1 ,benefactors1 or such as were in special ,veneration1 ,honour1 and ,respect1 from the ,church4 ,as particularly the ,arms of ,england1 of ,edward the ,confessor2 an ,hieroglyphical ,escocheon of the ,trinity1 unto which this ,church was dedicated4 ,three ,cups within a ,wreath of ,thorns1 the ,arms of ,ely1 the ,arms of the ,see of ,canterbury1 quartered with the ,coat of the famous and magnified ,john ,morton1 ,archbishop of ,canterbury1 who was ,bishop of ,ely before2 of ,bishop ,james ,goldwell1 that honoured ,bishop of ,norwich4 ,the three ,lions of ,england1 ,s4 ,george's ,cross1 the ,arms of the ,church impaled with ,prior ,bosviles ,coat1 the ,arms of the ,church impaled with the private ,coats of three ,priors1 the ,arms of the ,city of ,norwich4 ,there are here likewise the ,coats of some great and worthy ,families2 as of ,vere1 ,stanley1 ,de la ,pole1 ,wingfield1 ,heyden1 ,townshend1 ,bedingfield1 ,bruce1 ,clere2 which being little taken notice of1 and ,time being still like to obscure1 and make them past ,knowledge1 ,i would not omit to have a ,draught thereof set down1 which ,i keep by me4 ,there are also many ,coats of ,arms on the ,walls1 and in the ,windows of the ,east ,end of the ,church2 but none so often as those of the ,boleyns1 viz4 in a ,field ,arg4 a ,chev4 ,gul4 between three ,bulls ,heads couped sab4 armed or2 whereof some are quartered with the ,arms of noble ,families4 ,as also about the ,church1 the ,arms of ,hastings1 ,de la ,pole1 ,heyden1 ,stapleton1 ,windham1 ,wichingham1 ,clifton1 ,heveningham1 ,bokenham1 ,inglos4 ,in the ,north ,window of ,jesus ,chappel are the ,arms of ,radcliff and ,cecil2 and in the ,east ,window of the same ,chappel the ,coats of ,branch1 and of ,beale4 ,there are several ,escocheon ,boards fastened to the upper ,seats of the ,choir3 ,upon the three lowest on the ,south-side are the ,arms of ,bishop ,jegon1 of the ,pastons1 and of the ,hobarts2 and in one above the ,arms of the ,howards4 ,on the ,board on the ,north-side are the ,arms of ,bishop ,redmayn2 and of the ,howards4 ,upon the outside of the ,gate1 next to the ,school1 are the ,escocheons and ,arms of ,erpingham1 being an ,escocheon within an ,orle of ,martlets2 impaled with the ,coats of ,clopton and ,bavent1 or such ,families who married with the ,erpinghams who built the ,gates4 ,the ,word1 ,poena1 often upon the ,gates1 shews it to have been built upon ,pennance4 ,at the ,west ,end of the ,church are chiefly observable the ,figure of ,king ,william ,rufus1 or ,king ,henry ,i4 and a ,bishop on his ,knees receiving the ,charter from him3 ,or else of ,king ,henry ,,vi4 in whose ,reign this ,gate and fair ,window was built4 ,also the maimed ,statues of ,bishops1 whose ,copes are garnished and charged with a ,cross ,moline3 ,and at their ,feet1 ,escocheons1 with the ,arms of the ,church2 and also ,escocheons with ,crosses ,molines4 ,that these1 or some of them1 were the ,statues of ,bishop ,william ,alnwyck1 seems more than probable2 for he built the three ,gates1 and the great ,window at the ,west ,end of the ,church2 and where the ,arms of the ,see are in a ,roundele1 are these ,words1--,orate pro anima ,domini ,willelmi ,alnwyk4--,also in another ,escocheon1 charged with ,cross ,molines1 there is the same ,motto round about it4 ,upon the wooden ,door on the outside1 there are also the ,three ,miters1 which are the ,arms of the ,see upon one ,leaf1 and a ,cross ,moline on the other4 ,upon the outside of the ,end of the ,north ,cross ,isle1 there is a ,statue of an old ,person2 which1 being formerly covered and obscured by ,plaister and ,mortar over it1 was discovered upon the late ,reparation1 or whitening of that ,end of the ,isle4 ,this may probably be the ,statue of ,bishop ,richard ,nicks1 or the blind ,bishop2 for he built the ,isle1 or that ,part thereof2 and also the ,roof1 where his ,arms are to be seen1 ,a ,chevron between three ,leopards ,heads ,gules4 ,the ,roof of the ,church is noble1 and adorn'd with ,figures4 ,in the ,roof of the ,body of the ,church there are no ,coats of ,arms1 but ,representations from ,scripture ,story1 as the ,story of ,pharaoh2 of ,sampson towards the ,east ,end4 ,figures of the last ,supper1 and of our ,saviour on the ,cross1 towards the ,west ,end2 besides others of ,foliage1 and the like ornamental ,figures4 ,the ,north ,wall of the ,cloister was handsomly beautified1 with the ,arms of some of the ,nobility in their proper ,colours1 with their ,crests1 ,mantlings1 ,supporters1 and the whole ,atchivement quartered with the several ,coats of their ,matches1 drawn very large from the upper ,part of the ,wall1 and took up about half of the ,wall4 ,they are ,eleven in ,number2 particularly these4 #a4 ,an empty ,escocheon4 #b4 ,the ,atchievement of ,howard1 ,duke of ,norfolk4 #c4 ,of ,clinton4 #d4 ,russel4 #e4 ,cheyney4 #f4 ,the ,queen's ,atchievement4 #g4 ,hastings4 #h4 ,dudley4 #i4 ,cecill4 #aj4 ,carey4 #aa4 ,hatton4 ,they were made soon after ,queen ,elizabeth came to ,norwich1 ,ann4 #aegh1 where she remained a ,week1 and lodged at the ,bishop's ,palace in the ,time of ,bishop ,freake1 attended by many of the ,nobility2 and particularly by those1 whose ,arms are here set down4 ,they made a very handsome ,show1 especially at that ,time1 when the ,cloister ,windows were painted unto the ,cross-,bars4 ,the ,figures of those ,coats1 in their distinguishable and discernable ,colours1 are not beyond my ,remembrance4 ,but in the late ,times1 when the ,lead was faulty1 and the ,stone-work decayed1 the ,rain falling upon the ,wall1 washed them away4 ,the ,pavement also of the ,cloister on the same ,side was broken1 and the ,stones taken away1 a ,floor of ,dust remaining3 ,but that ,side is now handsomly paved by the ,beneficence of my worthy ,friend ,william ,burleigh1 ,esq4 ,at the ,stone ,cistern in the ,cloister1 there yet perceivable a ,lyon ,rampant1 ,argent1 in a field ,sable1 which ,coat is now quartered in the ,arms of the ,howards4 ,in the ,painted ,glass in the ,cloister1 which hath been above the ,cross-,bars1 there are several ,coats4 ,and ,i find by an ,account taken thereof1 and set down in their proper ,colours1 that here were these following1 viz4 the ,arms of ,morley1 ,shelton1 ,scales1 ,erpingham1 ,gournay1 ,mowbray1 ,savage1 now ,rivers1 three ,coats of ,thorpe's1 and one of a ,lyon ,rampant1 ,gules in a ,field ,or1 not well known to what ,family it belongeth4 ,between the lately demolish'd ,chapter-,house and ,s4 ,luke's ,chappel1 there is an handsom ,chappel1 wherein the ,consistory1 or ,bishop's ,court is kept1 with a noble ,gilded ,roof4 ,this goeth under no ,name1 but may well be call'd ,beauchampe's ,chappel1 or the ,chappel of our ,lady and ,all-,saints1 as being built by ,william ,beauchampe1 according to this ,inscription4 ,in honore ,beate ,marie ,virginis1 et omnium sanctorum ,willelmus ,beauchampe capellam hanc ordinavit1 et ex propriis sumptibus construxit4 ,this ,inscription is in old ,letters on the outside of the ,wall1 at the ,south-side of the ,chappel1 and almost obliterated2 ,he was buried under an ,arch in the ,wall1 which was richly gilded2 and some part of the ,gilding is yet to be perceived1 tho' obscured and blinded by the ,bench on the inside4 ,i have heard there is a ,vault below gilded like the ,roof of the ,chappel4 ,the ,founder of this ,chappel1 ,william ,beauchampe1 or de ,bello ,campo1 might be one of the ,beauchampe's1 who were ,lords of ,abergevenny2 for ,william ,lord ,abergevenny had ,lands and ,mannors in this ,country4 ,and in the ,register of ,institutions it is to be seen1 that ,william ,beauchampe1 ,lord of ,abergevenny was ,lord ,patron of ,berg cum ,apton1 five ,miles distant from ,norwich1 and presented ,clerks to that ,living1 #adjf1 and afterward3 ,so that1 if he lived a few ,years after1 he might be buried in the latter ,end of ,henry ,,iv4 or in the ,reign of ,henry ,v4 or in the ,beginning of ,henry ,,vi4 ,where to find ,heydon's ,chappel is more obscure1 if not altogether unknown2 for such a ,place there was1 and known by the ,name of ,heydon's ,chappel1 as ,i find in a ,manuscript concerning some ancient ,families of ,norfolk1 in these ,words1 ,john ,heydon of ,baconsthorpe1 ,esq42 died in the ,reign of ,edward ,,iv4 ,ann4 #adgi4 ,he built a ,chappel on the ,south side of the ,cathedral ,church of ,norwich1 where he was buried4 ,he was in great ,favour with ,king ,henry ,,vi4 and took part with the ,house of ,lancaster against that of ,york4 ,,hen4 ,,heydon1 ,kt4 his ,heir1 built the ,church of ,salthouse1 and made the ,causey between ,thursford and ,walsingham at his own ,charge3 ,he died in the ,time of ,henry ,,vii4 and was buried in ,heydon's ,chappel1 joining to the ,cathedral aforesaid4 ,the ,arms of the ,heydon's are ,quarterly ,argent1 and ,gules a ,cross engrailed counter-changed1 make the third ,escocheon in the ,north-,row over the ,choir1 and are in several ,places in the ,glass-,windows1 especially on the ,south-side1 and once in the ,deanry4 ,there was a ,chappel to the ,south-side of the ,goal1 or ,prison1 into which there is one ,door out of the ,entry of the ,cloister2 and there was another out of the ,cloister itself1 which is now made up of ,brickwork3 ,the ,stone-work which remaineth on the inside is strong and handsom4 ,this seems to have been a much frequented ,chappel of the ,priory by the wearing of the ,steppings unto it1 which are on the ,cloister ,side4 ,many other ,chappels there were within the ,walls and ,circuit of the ,priory2 as of ,s4 ,mary of the ,marsh2 of ,s4 ,ethelbert1 and others4 ,but a strong and handsom ,fabrick of one is still remaining1 which is the ,chappel of ,st4 ,john the ,evangelist1 said to have been founded by ,bishop ,john ,salmon1 who died ,ann4 #acbe1 and four ,priests were entertained for the daily ,service therein3 ,that which was properly the ,chappel1 is now the ,free-,school3 ,the adjoining ,buildings made up the ,refectory1 ,chambers1 and ,offices of the ,society4 ,under the ,chappel1 there was a ,charnell-,house1 which was a remarkable one in former ,times1 and the ,name is still retained4 ,in an old ,manuscript of a ,sacrist of the ,church1 communicated to me by my worthy ,friend ,mr4 ,john ,burton1 the ,learned1 and very deserving ,master of the ,free-,school1 ,i find that the ,priests had a ,provisional ,allowance from the ,rectory of ,westhall in ,suffolk4 ,and of the ,charnell-,house it is delivered1 that with the ,leave of the ,sacrist1 the ,bones of such as were buried in ,norwich might be brought into it4 ,in carnario subtus dictam capellam sancti ,johannis constituto1 ossa humana in civitate ,norwici humata1 de licentia sacrist1 qui dicti carnarii clavem et custodiam habebit specialem utusque ad resurrectionem generalem honeste conserventur a carnibus integre demulata reponi volumus et obsignari4 ,probably the ,bones were piled in good ,order1 the ,sculls1 ,arms1 and ,leg-,bones1 in their distinct ,rows and ,courses1 as in many ,charnell-,houses4 ,how these ,bones were afterwards disposed of1 we have no ,account2 or whether they had not the like ,removal with those in the ,charnell-,house of ,s4 ,paul kept under a ,chappel on the ,north-side of ,s4 ,paul's ,church-yard3 ,for when the ,chappel was demolish'd1 the ,bones which lay in the ,vault1 amounting to more than a ,thousand ,cart-,loads1 were conveyed into ,finnesbury ,fields1 and there laid in a moorish ,place1 with so much ,soil to cover them1 as raised the ,ground for three ,wind-mills to stand on1 which have since been built there1 according as ,john ,stow hath delivered1 in his ,survey of ,london4 ,there was formerly a fair and large1 but plain ,organ in the ,church1 and in the same ,place with this at present4 7,it was agreed in a ,chapter by the ,dean and ,prebends1 that a new ,organ be made1 and ,timber fitted to make a ,loft for it1 ,june #f4 ,ann4 #afjg4 repaired #afbf4 and #ajl4 which ,abel ,colls gave to the ,church1 was bestowed upon it47 ,that in the late tumultuous ,time was pulled down1 broken1 sold1 and made away4 ,but since his ,majesty's ,restauration1 another fair1 well-tuned1 plain ,organ1 was set up by ,dean ,crofts and the ,chapter1 and afterwards painted1 and beautifully adorned1 by the ,care and ,cost of my honoured ,friend ,dr4 ,herbert ,astley1 the present worthy ,dean4 ,there were also five or six ,copes belonging to the ,church2 which1 tho' they look'd somewhat old1 were richly embroider'd4 ,these were formerly carried into the ,market-,place2 some blowing the ,organ-pipes before them1 and were cast into a ,fire provided for that purpose1 with shouting and rejoicing3 ,so that1 at present1 there is but one ,cope belonging to the ,church1 which was presented thereunto by ,philip ,harbord1 ,esq4 the present ,high ,sheriff of ,norfolk1 my honoured ,friend4 ,before the late ,times1 the ,combination ,sermons were preached in the ,summer ,time at the ,cross in the ,green-,yard1 where there was a good ,accommodation for the ,auditors4 ,the ,mayor1 ,aldermen1 with their ,wives and ,officers1 had a well-contriv'd ,place built against the ,wall of the ,bishop's ,palace1 cover'd with ,lead2 so that they were not offended by ,rain4 ,upon the ,north-side of the ,church1 ,places were built ,gallery-wise1 one above another2 where the ,dean1 ,prebends1 and their ,wives1 ,gentlemen1 and the better ,sort1 very well heard the ,sermon3 ,the rest either stood1 or sat in the ,green1 upon long ,forms provided for them1 paying a ,penny1 or ,halfpenny apiece1 as they did at ,s4 ,paul's ,cross in ,london4 ,the ,bishop and ,chancellor heard the ,sermons at the ,windows of the ,bishop's ,palace3 ,the ,pulpit had a large ,covering of ,lead over it1 and a ,cross upon it2 and there were eight or ten ,stairs of ,stone about it1 upon which the ,hospital-,boys and others stood4 ,the ,preacher had his ,face to the ,south1 and there was a painted ,board1 of a ,foot and a half broad1 and about a ,yard and a half long1 hanging over his ,head before1 upon which were painted the ,arms of the ,benefactors towards the ,combination ,sermon1 which he particularly commemorated in his ,prayer1 and they were these2 ,sir ,john ,suckling1 ,sir ,john ,pettus1 ,edward ,nuttel1 ,henry ,fasset1 ,john ,myngay4 ,but when the ,church was sequester'd1 and the ,service put down1 this ,pulpit was taken down1 and placed in ,new-,hall ,green1 which had been the ,artillery-,yard1 and the ,public ,sermon was there preached4 ,but the ,heirs of the ,benefactors denying to pay the wonted ,beneficence for any ,sermon out of ,christ-,church1 7the ,cathedral being now commonly so call'd7 some other ,ways were found to provide a ,minister1 at a yearly ,sallary1 to preach every ,sunday1 either in that ,pulpit in the ,summer1 or elsewhere in the ,winter4 ,i must not omit to say something of the ,shaft1 or ,spire of this ,church1 commonly called the ,pinacle1 as being a handsom and well proportioned ,fabrick1 and one of the highest in ,england1 higher than the noted ,spires of ,litchfield1 ,chichester1 or ,grantham1 but lower than that at ,salisbury1 at a general ,chapter1 holden ,june #d4 #afcc1 it was agreed that the ,steeple should be mended for that ,spire being raised upon a very high ,tower1 becomes higher from the ,ground2 but this ,spire1 considered by itself1 seems1 at least1 to equal that4 ,it is an ,hundred and five ,yards and two ,foot from the ,top of the ,pinacle unto the ,pavement of the ,choir under it4 ,the ,spire is very strongly built1 tho' the ,inside be of ,brick4 ,the upper ,aperture1 or ,window1 is the highest ,ascent inwardly2 out of which1 sometimes a long ,streamer hath been hanged1 upon the ,guild1 or ,mayor's ,day4 ,but at ,his ,majesty's ,restauration1 when the ,top was to be mended1 and a new gilded ,weather-,cock was to be placed upon it1 there were ,stayings made at the upper ,window1 and divers ,persons went up to the ,top of the ,pinacle4 ,they first went up into the ,belfry1 and then by eight ,ladders1 on the ,inside of the ,spire1 till they came to the upper ,hole1 or ,window2 then went out unto the ,outside1 where a ,staying was set1 and so ascended up unto the ,top-,stone1 on which the ,weather-,cock standeth4 ,the ,cock is three quarters of a ,yard high1 and one ,yard and two ,inches long2 as is also the ,cross-,bar1 and ,top-,stone of the ,spire1 which is not flat1 but consists of a half ,globe1 and ,channel about it2 and from thence are eight ,leaves of ,stone spreading outward1 under which begin the eight ,rows of ,crockets1 which go down the ,spire at five ,foot distance4 ,from the ,top there is a ,prospect all about the ,country4 ,mourshold-,hill seems low1 and flat ,ground4 ,the ,castle-,hill1 and high ,buildings1 do very much diminish4 ,the ,river looks like a ,ditch4 ,the ,city1 with the ,streets1 make a pleasant ,show1 like a ,garden with several ,walks in it4 ,tho' this ,church1 for its ,spire1 may compare1 in a manner1 with any in ,england1 yet in its ,tombs and ,monuments it is exceeded by many4 ,no ,kings have honour'd the same with their ,ashes1 and but few with their ,presence4 ,and it is not without some ,wonder1 that ,norwich having been for a long ,time so considerable a ,place1 so few ,kings have visited it3 ,of which ,number1 among so many ,monarchs since the ,conquest1 we find but ,four1 viz4 ,king ,henry ,,iii4 ,edward ,i4 ,queen ,elizabeth1 and our ,gracious ,sovereign now reigning2 ,king ,charles ,,ii4 of which ,i had particular ,reason to take ,notice4#cba #cba ,sir ,thomas being then ,knighted4 ,the ,castle was taken by the ,forces of ,king ,william the ,conqueror2 but we find not1 that he was here4 ,king ,henry ,,vii4 by the ,way of ,cambridge1 made a ,pilgrimage unto ,walsingham2 but ,records tell us not1 that he was at ,norwich4 ,king ,james ,i4 came sometimes to ,thetford for his ,hunting ,recreation1 but never vouchsafed to advance twenty ,miles farther4 ,not long after the writing of these ,papers1 ,dean ,herbert ,astley died1 a civil1 generous1 and public-minded ,person1 who had travell'd in ,france1 ,italy1 and ,turkey1 and was interr'd near the ,monument of ,sir ,james ,hobart3 ,unto whom succeeded my honoured ,friend ,dr4 ,john ,sharpe1 a ,prebend of this ,church1 and ,rector of ,st4 ,giles's in the ,fields1 ,london2 a ,person of singular ,worth1 and deserv'd ,estimation1 the ,honour and ,love of all ,men2 in the first ,year of whose ,deanery1 #afha1 the ,prebends were these3 ,mr4 ,joseph ,loveland1 ,dr4 ,william ,smith1 ,dr4 ,hezekiah ,burton1 ,mr4 ,nathaniel ,hodges1 ,dr4 ,william ,hawkins1 ,mr4 ,humphrey ,prideaux4 7,but ,dr4 ,burton dying in that ,year1 ,mr4 ,richard ,kidder succeeded17 worthy ,persons1 learned ,men1 and very good ,preachers4 ,,addenda ,i have by me the ,picture of ,chancellor ,,spencer1 drawn when he was ,ninety ,years old1 as the ,inscription doth declare1 which was sent unto me from ,colney4 ,tho' ,bishop ,,nix sat long in the ,see of ,norwich1 yet is not there much deliver'd of him3 ,fox in his ,martyrology hath said something of him in the ,story of ,,thomas ,,bilney1 who was burnt in ,lollard's ,pit without ,bishopgate1 in his ,time4 ,bishop ,,spencer lived in the ,reign of ,,richard ,,ii4 and ,,henry ,,iv4 sat in the ,see of ,norwich #cg ,years3 ,of a ,soldier made a ,bishop1 and sometimes exercising the ,life of a ,soldier in his ,episcopacy2 for he led an ,army into ,flanders on the ,behalf of ,pope ,urban ,,vi4 in ,opposition to ,clement the ,anti-,pope2 and also over-came the ,rebellious ,forces of ,litster the ,dyer1 in ,norfolk1 by ,north-,walsham1 in the ,reign of ,king ,,richard ,,ii4 ,those that would know the ,names of the ,citizens who were chief ,actors in the ,tumult in ,bishop ,,skerewyng',s ,time1 may find 'em set down in the ,bull of ,pope ,gregory ,,xi4 ,some ,bishops1 tho' they liv'd and died here1 might not be buried in this ,church1 as some ,bishops probably of old1 more certainly of later ,time4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,here ,,concludes ,,sir ,thomas ,browne's ,,ms4 ,,miscellanies ,an ,account of ,island1 alias ,ice-land1 ,in the ,year #affb4 ,great ,store of ,drift-wood1 or ,float-wood1 is every ,year cast up on their ,shores1 brought down by the ,northern ,winds1 which serveth them for ,fewel1 and other ,uses1 the greatest ,part whereof is ,firr4 ,of ,bears there are none in the ,country1 but sometimes they are brought down from the ,north upon ,ice1 while they follow ,seales1 and so are carried away4 ,two in this ,manner came over1 and landed in the ,north of ,island this last ,year1 #affb4 ,no ,conies1 or ,hares1 but of ,foxes great ,plenty1 whose ,white ,skins are much desired1 and brought over into this ,country4 ,the last ,winter1 #affb1 so cold1 and lasting with us in ,england1 was the mildest they have had for many ,years in ,island4 ,two new ,eruptions with ,slime and ,smoak1 were observed the last ,year in some ,mountains about ,mount ,hecla4#cbb #cbb ,a ,burning ,mountain in ,island4 ,some hot ,mineral ,springs they have1 and very effectual1 but they make but rude ,use thereof4 ,the ,rivers are large1 swift1 and rapid1 but have many ,falls1 which render them less ,commodious2 they chiefly abound with ,salmons4 ,they sow no ,corn1 but receive it from ,abroad4 ,they have a kind of large ,lichen1 which dried1 becometh hard and sticky1 growing very plentifully in many ,places2 whereof they make use for ,food1 either in ,decoction1 or ,powder1 some whereof ,i have by me1 different from any with us4 ,in one ,part of the ,country1 and not near the ,sea1 there is a large black ,rock1 which ,polished1 resembleth ,touchstone1 as ,i have seen in ,pieces thereof1 of various ,figures4 ,there is also a ,rock1 whereof ,i received one ,fragment1 which seems to make it one kind of ,pisolithes1 or rather ,orobites1 as made up of small ,pebbles1 in the ,bigness and ,shape of the ,seeds of ,eruum1 or ,orobus4 ,they have some large ,well-grained ,white ,pebbles1 and some kind of ,white ,cornelian1 or ,agath ,pebbles1 on the ,shore1 which ,polish well4 ,old ,sir ,edmund ,bacon1 of these ,parts1 made ,use thereof in his peculiar ,art of ,tinging and ,colouring of ,stones4 ,for ,shells found on the ,sea-shore1 such as have been brought unto me are but coarse1 nor of many ,kinds1 as ordinary ,turbines1 ,chamas1 ,aspers1 ,laves1 etc4 ,i have received divers ,kinds of ,teeth1 and ,bones of ,cetaceous ,fishes1 unto which they could assign no ,name4 ,an exceeding fine ,russet ,downe is sometimes brought unto us1 which their great ,number of ,fowls afford1 and sometimes store of ,feathers1 consisting of the ,feathers of small ,birds4 ,beside ,shocks1 and little ,hairy ,dogs1 they bring another sort over1 ,headed like a ,fox1 which they say are bred betwixt ,dogs and ,foxes2 these are desired by the ,shepherds of this ,country4 ,green ,plovers1 which are ,plentiful here in the ,winter1 are found to breed there in the beginning of ,summer4 ,some ,sheep have been brought over1 but of coarse ,wooll1 and some ,horses of mean ,stature1 but strong and ,hardy3 one whereof kept in the ,pastures by ,yarmouth1 in the ,summer1 would often take the ,sea1 swimming a great ,way1 a ,mile or ,two1 and return the same1 when its ,provision fail'd in the ,ship wherein it was brought1 for many ,days fed upon ,hoops and ,cask2 nor at the ,land would1 for many ,months1 be brought to feed upon ,oats4 ,these ,accounts ,i received from a ,native of ,island1 who comes ,yearly into ,england2 and by ,reason of my long ,acquaintance1 and ,directions ,i send unto some of his ,friends against the ,elephantiasis1 7,leprosie17 constantly visits me before his ,return2 and is ready to perform for me what ,i shall desire in his ,country2 wherein1 as in other ,ways1 ,i shall be very ,ambitious to serve the ,noble ,society1 whose most ,honouring ,servant ,i am1 ,,thomas ,,browne4 ,norwich1 ,jan4 #ae1 #affc4 ,concerning some ,urnes found in ,brampton-,field1 in ,norfolk1 ,ann4 #affg4 ,i thought ,i had taken ,leave of ,,urnes1 when ,i had some ,years past given a short ,account of those found at ,walsingham1#cbc but a ,new ,discovery being made1 ,i readily obey your ,commands in a brief ,description thereof4 #cbc ,see ,hydriotaphia1 ,urne-,burial3 or1 ,a ,discourse of the ,sepulchral ,urnes lately found in ,norfolk1 #hvo4 ,lond4 printed #afeh4 ,in a large ,arable ,field1 lying between ,buxton and ,brampton1 but belonging to ,brampton1 and not much more than a ,furlong from ,oxnead ,park1 divers ,urnes were found4 ,a ,part of the ,field being designed to be inclosed1 while the ,workmen made several ,ditches1 they fell upon divers ,urnes1 but earnestly1 and carelesly digging1 they broke all they met with1 and finding nothing but ,ashes1 or burnt ,cinders1 they scattered what they found4 ,upon ,notice given unto me1 ,i went unto the ,place1 and though ,i used all ,care with the ,workmen1 yet they were broken in the taking out1 but many1 without doubt1 are still remaining in that ,ground4 ,of these ,pots none were found above ,three ,quarters of a ,yard in the ,ground1 whereby it appeareth1 that in all this ,time the ,earth hath little varied its ,surface1 though this ,ground hath been ,plowed to the utmost ,memory of ,man4 ,whereby it may be also conjectured1 that this hath not been a ,wood-,land1 as some conceive all this ,part to have been2 for in such ,lands they usually made no common ,burying-places1 except for some special ,persons in ,graves1 and likewise that there hath been an ,ancient ,habitation about these ,parts2 for at ,buxton also1 not a ,mile off1 ,urnes have been found in my ,memory1 but in their ,magnitude1 ,figure1 ,colour1 ,posture1 etc4 there was no small ,variety1 some were large and capacious1 able to contain above ,two ,gallons1 some of a middle1 others of a smaller ,size2 the great ones probably belonging to greater ,persons1 or might be ,family ,urnes1 fit to receive the ,ashes successively of their ,kindred and ,relations1 and therefore of these1 some had ,coverings of the same ,matter1 either fitted to them1 or a thin flat ,stone1 like a ,grave ,slate1 laid over them2 and therefore also great ,ones were but thinly found1 but others in good ,number2 some were of large wide ,mouths1 and ,bellies proportionable1 with short ,necks1 and bottoms of ,three ,inches ,diameter1 and near an ,inch thick2 some small1 with ,necks like ,juggs1 and about that ,bigness2 the ,mouths of some few were not round1 but after the ,figure of a ,circle compressed2 though some had small1 yet none had pointed ,bottoms1 according to the ,figures of those which are to be seen in ,roma ,soteranea1 ,viginerus1 or ,mascardus4 ,in the ,colours also there was great ,variety1 some were ,whitish1 some ,blackish1 and inclining to a ,blue1 others ,yellowish1 or dark ,red1 arguing the ,variety of their ,materials4 ,some ,fragments1 and especially ,bottoms of ,vessels1 which seem'd to be handsome neat ,pans1 were also found of a fine ,coral-like ,red1 somewhat like ,portugal ,vessels1 as tho' they had been made out of some fine ,bolary ,earth1 and very smooth2 but the like had been found in divers ,places1 as ,dr4 ,casaubon hath observed about the ,pots found at ,newington in ,kent1 and as other ,pieces do yet testifie1 which are to be found at ,burrow ,castle1 an ,old ,roman ,station1 not far from ,yarmouth4 ,of the ,urnes1 those of the larger ,sort1 such as had ,coverings1 were found with their ,mouths placed upwards1 but great ,numbers of the others were1 as they informed me1 7and ,one ,i saw my self17 placed with their ,mouths downward1 which were probably such as were not to be opened again1 or receive the ,ashes of any other ,person2 though some wonder'd at this ,position1 yet ,i saw no ,inconveniency in it2 for the ,earth being closely pressed1 and especially in ,minor ,mouth'd ,pots1 they stand in a ,posture as like to continue as the other1 as being less subject to have the ,earth fall in1 or the ,rain to soak into them2 and the same ,posture has been observed in some found in other ,places1 as ,holingshead delivers1 of divers found in ,anglesea4 ,some had ,inscriptions1 the greatest ,part none2 those with ,inscriptions were of the largest ,sort1 which were upon the reverted ,verges thereof2 the greatest part of those which ,i could obtain were somewhat obliterated2 yet some of the ,letters to be made out3 ,the ,letters were between ,lines1 either ,single or ,double1 and the ,letters of some few after a fair ,roman ,stroke1 others more rudely and illegibly drawn1 wherein there seemed no great ,variety4 ,,nuon being upon very many of them2 only upon the inside of the bottom of a small ,red ,pan-like ,vessel1 were legibly set down in embossed ,letters1 ,,cracuna4 ,f4 which might imply ,cracuna figuli1 or the ,name of the ,manufactor1 for ,inscriptions commonly signified the ,name of the ,person interr'd1 the ,names of ,servants ,official to such ,provisions1 or the ,name of the ,artificer1 or ,manufactor of such ,vessels2 all which are particularly exemplified by the ,learned ,licetus1#cbd where the same inscription is often found1 it is probably1 of the ,artificer1 or where the ,name also is in the ,genitive ,case1 as he also observeth4 #cbd ,vid4 ,licet4 de ,lucernis4 ,out of one was brought unto me a ,silver ,denarius1 with the ,head of ,diva ,faustina on the ,obverse side1 on the ,reverse the ,figures of the ,emperor and ,empress joining their ,right ,hands1 with this ,inscription1 ,concordia2 the same is to be seen in ,augustino2 ,i also received from some ,men and ,women then present ,coins of ,posthumus1 and ,tetricus1 ,two of the ,thirty ,tyrants in the ,reign of ,gallienus1 which being of much later ,date1 begat an ,inference1 that ,urne-,burial lasted longer1 at least in this ,country1 than is commonly supposed4 ,good ,authors conceive1 that this ,custom ended with the ,reigns of the ,antonini1 whereof the last was ,antoninus ,heliogabalus1 yet these ,coins extend about ,fourscore ,years lower2 and since the ,head of ,tetricus is made with a radiated ,crown1 it must be conceived to have been made after his ,death1 and not before his ,consecration1 which as the ,learned ,tristan ,conjectures1 was most probably in the ,reign of the ,emperor ,tacitus1 and the ,coin not made1 or at least not issued ,abroad1 before the ,time of the ,emperor ,probus1 for ,tacitus ,reigned but ,six ,months and an ,half1 his ,brother ,florianus but ,two ,months1 unto whom ,probus succeeding1 ,reigned ,five ,years4 ,there were also found some pieces of ,glass1 and finer ,vessels1 which might contain such ,liquors as they often ,buried in1 or by1 the ,urnes2 divers ,pieces of ,brass1 of several ,figures2 and in one ,urne was found a ,nail ,two ,inches long2 whither to declare the ,trade or ,occupation of the ,person1 is uncertain4 ,but upon the ,monuments of ,smiths in ,gruter1 we meet with the ,figures of ,hammers1 ,pincers1 and the like2 and we find the ,figure of a ,cobler's ,awl on the ,tomb of one of that ,trade1 which was in the ,custody of ,berini1 as ,argulus hath set it down in his ,notes upon ,,onuphrius1 ,of the ,antiquities of ,,verona4 ,now1 though ,urnes have been often discovered in former ,ages1 many think it strange there should be many still found1 yet assuredly there may be great ,numbers still concealed4 ,for tho' we should not reckon upon any who were thus buried before the ,time of the ,romans1 altho' that the ,druids were thus buried1 it may be probable1 and we read of the ,urne of ,chindonactes1 a ,druid1 found near ,dijon in ,burgundy1 largely discoursed of by ,licetus1 and tho1 ,i say1 we take not in any ,infant which was ,minor igne rogi1 before ,seven ,months1 or ,appearance of ,teeth1 nor should account this ,practice of burning among the ,britains higher than ,vespasian1 when it is said by ,tacitus1 that they conformed unto the ,manners and ,customs of the ,romans1 and so both ,nations might have one ,way of ,burial3 yet from his ,days1 to the ,dates of these ,urnes1 were about ,two ,hundred ,years4 ,and therefore if we fall so low1 as to conceive there were buried in this ,nation but ,twenty ,thousand ,persons1 the ,account of the buried ,persons would amount unto ,four ,millions1 and consequently so great a ,number of ,urnes dispersed through the ,land1 as may still satisfy the ,curiosity of succeeding ,times1 and arise unto all ,ages4 ,the ,bodies1 whose ,reliques these ,urnes contained1 seemed thoroughly burned2 for beside pieces of ,teeth1 there were found few ,fragments of ,bones1 but rather ,ashes in hard ,lumps1 and pieces of ,coals1 which were often so fresh1 that one sufficed to make a good ,draught of its ,urne1 which still remaineth with me4 ,some ,persons digging at a little ,distance from the ,urne ,places1 in hopes to find something of ,value1 after they had digged about ,three ,quarters of a ,yard deep1 fell upon an observable ,piece of ,work1 whose ,description this ,figure affordeth4 ,the ,work was ,square1 about ,two ,yards and a ,quarter on each ,side4 ,the ,wall1 or outward ,part1 a ,foot thick1 in ,colour ,red1 and looked like ,brick2 but it was solid1 without any ,mortar or ,cement1 or figur'd ,brick in it1 but of an whole ,piece1 so that it seemed to be ,framed and ,burnt in the same ,place where it was found4 ,in this kind of ,brick-work were ,thirty-two ,holes1 of about ,two ,inches and an ,half ,diameter1 and ,two above a ,quarter of a ,circle in the ,east and ,west ,sides4 ,upon ,two of these ,holes1 on the ,east ,side1 were placed ,two ,pots1 with their ,mouths downward2 putting in their ,arms they found the ,work hollow below1 and the ,earth being clear'd off1 much ,water was found below them1 to the ,quantity of a ,barrel1 which was conceived to have been the ,rain-water which soaked in through the ,earth above them4 ,the upper ,part of the ,work being broke1 and opened1 they found a ,floor about ,two ,foot below1 and then digging onward1 ,three ,floors successively under one another1 at the ,distance of a ,foot and ,half1 the ,stones being of a ,slatty1 not ,bricky1 substance2 in these ,partitions some ,pots were found1 but broke by the ,workmen1 being necessitated to use hard ,blows for the breaking of the ,stones2 and in the last ,partition but one1 a large ,pot was found of a very narrow ,mouth1 short ,ears1 of the ,capacity of ,fourteen ,pints1 which lay in an enclining ,posture1 close by1 and somewhat under a kind of ,arch in the solid ,wall1 and by the great ,care of my worthy ,friend1 ,mr4 ,william ,masham1 who employed the ,workmen1 was taken up whole1 almost full of ,water1 clean1 and without ,smell1 and insipid1 which being poured out1 there still remains in the ,pot a great ,lump of an heavy crusty ,substance4 ,what ,work this was we must as yet reserve unto better ,conjecture4 ,mean while we find in ,gruter that some ,monuments of the ,dead had divers ,holes successively to let in the ,ashes of their ,relations1 but ,holes in such a great ,number to that ,intent1 we have not anywhere met with4 ,about ,three ,months after1 my ,noble and ,honoured ,friend1 ,sir ,robert ,paston1 had the ,curiosity to open a ,piece of ,ground in his ,park at ,oxnead1 which adjoined unto the former ,field1 where ,fragments of ,pots were found1 and upon one the ,figure of a well-made ,face2 but probably this ,ground had been opened and digged before1 though out of the ,memory of ,man1 for we found divers small ,pieces of ,pots1 ,sheeps ,bones1 sometimes an ,oyster-shell a ,yard deep in the ,earth1 an unusual ,coin of the ,emperor ,volusianus1 having on the ,obverse the ,head of the ,emperor1 with a ,radiated ,crown1 and this ,inscription1 ,imp4 ,cs4 ,c4 ,volusiano ,aug4 that is1 ,imperatori ,csari ,caio ,vibio ,volusiano ,augusto4 ,on the ,reverse an ,human ,figure1 with the ,arms somewhat extended1 and at the ,right ,foot an ,altar1 with the ,inscription1 ,pietas4 ,this ,emperor was ,son unto ,caius ,vibius ,tribonianus ,gallus1 with whom he jointly reigned after the ,decii1 about the ,year #bed2 both he1 himself1 and his ,father1 were slain by the ,emperor milianus4 ,by the ,radiated ,crown this ,piece should be ,coined after his ,death and ,consecration1 but in whose ,time it is not clear in ,history4 ,concerning the too nice ,curiosity of censuring the ,present1 or judging into ,future ,dispensations4 ,we have enough to do rightly to apprehend and consider things as they are1 or have been1 without amusing our selves how they might have been otherwise1 or what ,variations1 ,consequences and ,differences might have otherwise arose upon a different ,face of things1 if they had otherwise fallen out in the ,state or ,actions of the ,world4 ,if ,,scanderberg had joined his ,forces with ,,hunniades1 as might have been expected before the ,battel in the ,plains of ,cossoan1 in good probability they might have ruin'd ,,mahomet1 if not the ,turkish ,empire4 ,if ,,alexander had march'd ,westward1 and warr'd with the ,romans1 whether he had been able to subdue that little but valiant ,people1 is an uncertainty3 ,we are sure he overcame ,persia2 ,histories attest1 and ,prophecies foretel the same4 ,it was decreed that the ,persians should be conquered by ,,alexander1 and his ,successors by the ,romans1 in whom ,providence had determin'd to settle the fourth ,monarchy1 which neither ,,pyrrhus nor ,,hannibal must prevent2 tho' ,,hannibal came so near it1 that he seem'd to miss it by fatal ,infatuation3 which if he had effected1 there had been such a traverse and confusion of ,affairs1 as no ,oracle could have predicted4 ,but the ,romans must reign1 and the ,course of ,things was then moving towards the ,advent of ,,christ1 and blessed ,discovery of the ,gospel3 ,our ,saviour must suffer at ,jerusalem1 and be sentenc'd by a ,roman ,judge2 ,st4 ,,paul1 a ,roman ,citizen1 must preach in the ,roman ,provinces1 and ,st4 ,,peter be ,bishop of ,rome1 and not of ,carthage4 ,upon ,reading ,hudibras4 ,the way of ,burlesque ,,poems is very ,ancient1 for there was a ludicrous mock way of transferring ,verses of ,famous ,poets into a ,jocose ,sense and ,argument1 and they were call'd deai or ,parodi2 divers ,examples of which are to be found in ,,athen,,us4 ,the first ,inventer hereof was ,,hipponactes1 but ,,hegemon ,,sopater and many more pursu'd the same ,vein2 so that the ,parodies of ,,ovid',s ,buffoon ,metamorphoses ,burlesques1 ,le ,eneiade ,travastito1 are no new ,inventions1 but old ,fancies reviv'd4 ,an ,excellent ,parodie there is of both the ,,scaligers upon an ,epigram of ,,catullus1 which ,,stephens hath set down in his ,discourse of ,parodies3 a remarkable one among the ,greeks is that of ,,matron1 in the ,words and ,epithites of ,,homer describing the ,feast of ,,xenocles the ,athenian ,rhetorician1 to be found in the fourth ,book of ,athenus1 pag4 #acd4 ,edit4 ,casaub4 ,,christian ,,morals1 ,,by ,s,r ,,thomas ,,brown1 ,,of ,,norwich1 ,m4,d4 ,and ,,author of ,,religio ,,medici ,published from the ,original and ,correct ,manuscript of the ,author2 by ,,john ,,jeffery1 ,d4,d4 ,,arch-,,deacon of ,,norwich4 ,,cambridge ,printed at the ,,university-,,press1 ,for ,cornelius ,crownfield1 ,printer to the ,,university2 ,and are to be sold by ,mr4 ,knapton at the ,crown in ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard2 and ,mr4 ,morphew near ,stationers-,hall1 ,,london1 #agaf4 ,,to ,,the ,,right ,,honourable ,,david ,,earl ,,of ,,buchan4 ,,viscount ,,auchterhouse1 ,,lord ,,cardross ,,and ,,glendovachie1 ,,one ,,of ,,the ,,lords ,,commissioners ,,of ,,police1 ,,and ,,lord ,,lieutenant ,,of ,,the ,,counties ,,of ,,stirling ,,and ,,clackmannan ,,in ,,north-,,brittain4 ,,my ,,lord1 ,the ,honour you have done our ,family ,obligeth us to make all just ,acknowledgments of it3 and there is no ,form of ,acknowledgment in our power1 more worthy of ,your ,lordship's ,acceptance1 than this ,dedication of the last ,work of our ,honoured and ,learned ,father4 ,encouraged hereunto by the ,knowledge we have of ,your ,lordship's ,judicious ,relish of universal ,learning1 and sublime ,virtue1 we beg the ,favour of ,your ,acceptance of it1 which will very much ,oblige our ,family in general1 and ,her in particular1 who is1 ,,my ,,lord1 ,your ,lordship's most humble ,servant1 ,,elizabeth ,,littelton4 ,,the ,,preface ,if any ,one1 after he has read ,religio ,medici1 and the ensuing ,discourse1 can make ,doubt1 whether the same ,person was the ,author of them both1 he may be ,assured by the ,testimony of ,mrs4 ,,littelton1 ,sr4 ,,thomas ,,brown',s ,daughter1 who ,lived with her ,father when it was composed by ,him2 and who1 at the time1 read it written by his own ,hand3 and also by the ,testimony of ,others 7of whom ,i am ,one71 who read the ,,ms4 of the ,author1 immediately after his ,death1 and who have since ,read the ,same2 from which it hath been faithfully and exactly ,transcribed for the ,press4 ,the ,reason why it was not ,printed sooner is1 because it was unhappily ,lost1 by being ,mislay'd among ,other ,,mss4 for which ,search was lately made in the ,presence of the ,lord ,arch-bishop of ,canterbury1 of which his ,grace1 by ,letter1 ,informed ,mrs4 ,,littelton1 when he sent the ,,ms to ,her4 ,there is nothing printed in the ,discourse1 or in the short notes1 but what is found in the original ,,ms of the ,author1 except only where an ,oversight had made the ,addition or transposition of some words necessary4 ,,john ,,jeffery ,arch-,deacon of ,norwich4 ,,christian ,,morals ,,part ,i ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #a ,tread softly and circumspectly in this funambulatory ,track and narrow ,path of ,goodness3 ,pursue ,virtue virtuously3 ,leven not good ,actions1 nor render ,virtues disputable4 ,stain not fair ,acts with foul ,intentions3 ,maim not ,uprightness by halting ,concomitances1 nor circumstantially deprave substantial ,goodness4 ,consider whereabout thou art in ,cebes's ,table1 or that old ,philosophical ,pinax of the ,life of ,man3 whether thou art yet in the ,road of uncertainties2 whether thou hast yet entred the narrow ,gate1 got up the ,hill and asperous way1 which leadeth unto the ,house of ,sanity2 or taken that purifying ,potion from the hand of sincere ,erudition1 which may send ,thee clear and pure away unto a virtuous and happy ,life4 ,in this virtuous ,voyage of thy ,life hall not about like the ,ark1 without the use of ,rudder1 ,mast1 or ,sail1 and bound for no ,port4 ,let not ,disappointment cause ,despondency1 nor difficulty despair4 ,think not that you are ,sailing from ,lima to ,manillia1 when you may fasten up the ,rudder1 and sleep before the ,wind2 but expect rough ,seas1 ,flaws1 and contrary ,blasts3 and 'tis well1 if by many cross ,tacks and ,veerings you arrive at the ,port2 for we sleep in ,lyons ,skins in our ,progress unto ,virtue1 and we slide not1 but climb unto it4 ,sit not down in the popular ,forms and common ,level of ,virtues4 ,offer not only ,peace ,offerings but ,holocausts unto ,god3 where all is due make no reserve1 and cut not a ,cummin ,seed with the ,almighty3 ,to serve ,him singly to serve ourselves were too partial a piece of ,piety2 not like to place us in the illustrious ,mansions of ,glory4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #b ,rest not in an ,ovation#cbe but a ,triumph over thy ,passions4 ,let ,anger walk hanging down the head2 ,let ,malice go ,manicled1 and ,envy fetter'd after thee4 ,behold within thee the long train of thy ,trophies not without thee4 ,make the quarrelling ,lapithytes sleep1 and ,centaurs within lye quiet4 ,chain up the unruly ,legion of thy breast4 ,lead thine own captivity captive1 and be ,csar within thy self4 #cbe ,ovation1 a petty and minor kind of ,triumph4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #c ,he that is ,chast and ,continent not to impair his strength1 or honest for fear of ,contagion1 will hardly be ,heroically virtuous4 ,adjourn not this virtue untill that temper1 when ,cato could lend out his ,wife1 and impotent ,satyrs write ,satyrs upon ,lust3 ,but be chast in thy flaming ,days1 when ,alexander dar'd not trust his eyes upon the fair sisters of ,darius1 and when so many think there is no other way but ,origen's4#cbf #cbf ,who is said to have ,castrated himself4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #d ,show thy ,art in ,honesty1 and loose not thy ,virtue by the bad ,managery of it4 ,be ,temperate and ,sober1 not to preserve your body in an ability for wanton ends2 not to avoid the infamy of common transgressors that way1 and thereby to hope to expiate or palliate obscure and closer vices2 not to spare your purse1 nor simply to enjoy health3 but in one word1 that thereby you may truly serve ,god1 which every sickness will tell you you cannot well do without health4 ,the sick ,man's ,sacrifice is but a lame ,oblation4 ,pious ,treasures lay'd up in healthful days plead for sick non-performances3 without which we must needs look back with anxiety upon the lost opportunities of health2 and may have cause rather to envy than pity the ends of penitent publick ,sufferers1 who go with healthful prayers unto the last ,scene of their lives1 and in the ,integrity of their faculties return their ,spirit unto ,god that gave it4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #e ,be charitable before wealth make thee covetous1 and loose not the glory of the ,mite4 ,if ,riches encrease let thy mind hold pace with them2 and think it not enough to be ,liberal1 but ,munificent4 ,though a ,cup of cold water from some hand may not be without it's reward1 yet stick not thou for ,wine and ,oyl for the ,wounds of the ,distressed1 and treat the poor1 as our ,saviour did the ,multitude1 to the reliques of some baskets4 ,diffuse thy beneficence early1 and while thy ,treasures call thee ,master3 there may be an ,atropos of thy ,fortunes before that of thy ,life1 and thy wealth cut off before that hour1 when all ,men shall be poor2 for the ,justice of ,death looks equally upon the dead1 and ,charon expects no more from ,alexander than from ,irus4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #f ,give not only unto seven1 but also unto eight1#cbg that is1 unto more than many4 ,though to give unto every one that asketh may seem severe advice1#cbh yet give thou also before asking2 that is1 where want is silently clamorous1 and mens ,necessities not their ,tongues do loudly call for thy ,mercies4 ,for though sometimes necessitousness be dumb1 or misery speak not out1 yet true ,charity is sagacious1 and will find out hints for beneficence4 ,acquaint thyself with the ,physiognomy of ,want1 and let the ,dead colours and first lines of necessity suffice to tell thee there is an object for thy bounty4 ,spare not where thou canst not easily be prodigal1 and fear not to be undone by mercy4 ,for since he who hath pity on the poor lendeth unto the ,almighty ,rewarder1 who observes no ,ides but every day for his payments2 ,charity becomes pious ,usury1 ,christian ,liberality the most thriving industry2 and what we adventure in a ,cockboat may return in a ,carrack unto us4 ,he who thus casts his bread upon the ,water shall surely find it again2 for though it falleth to the bottom1 it sinks but like the ,ax of the ,prophet1 to rise again unto him4 #cbg ,ecclesiasticus4 #cbh ,luke4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #g ,if ,avarice be thy ,vice1 yet make it not thy ,punishment4 ,miserable men commiserate not themselves1 bowelless unto others1 and merciless unto their own bowels4 ,let the fruition of things bless the possession of them1 and think it more satisfaction to live richly than dye rich4 ,for since thy good works1 not thy goods1 will follow thee2 since wealth is an appertinance of life1 and no dead ,man is ,rich2 to famish in ,plenty1 and live poorly1 to dye ,rich1 were a multiplying improvement in ,madness1 and use upon use in ,folly4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #h ,trust not to the ,omnipotency of ,gold1 and say not unto it ,thou art my ,confidence4 ,kiss not thy hand to that ,terrestrial ,sun1 nor bore thy ear unto its servitude4 ,a ,slave unto ,mammon makes no servant unto ,god4 ,covetousness cracks the sinews of ,faith2 nummes the apprehension of any thing above sense2 and only affected with the certainty of things present1 makes a peradventure of things to come2 lives but unto one ,world1 nor hopes but fears another2 makes their own death sweet unto others1 bitter unto themselves2 brings formal sadness1 scenical mourning1 and no wet eyes at the grave4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #i ,persons lightly dipt1 not grain'd in generous ,honesty1 are but pale in ,goodness1 and faint hued in ,integrity4 ,but be thou what thou vertuously art1 and let not the ,ocean wash away thy ,tincture4 ,stand magnetically upon that ,axis1 when prudent simplicity hath fixt there2 and let no attraction invert the ,poles of thy ,honesty4 ,that ,vice may be uneasy and even monstrous unto thee1 let iterated good ,acts and long confirmed habits make ,virtue almost natural1 or a second nature in thee4 ,since virtuous superstructions have commonly generous foundations1 dive into thy inclinations1 and early discover what nature bids thee to be1 or tells thee thou may'st be4 ,they who thus timely descend into themselves1 and cultivate the good seeds which nature hath set in them1 prove not shrubs but ,cedars in their generation4 ,and to be in the form of the best of the ,bad1 or the worst of the ,good1#cbi will be no satisfaction unto them4 #cbi ,optimi malorum pessimi bonorum4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #aj ,make not the consequence of ,virtue the ends thereof4 ,be not beneficent for a name or ,cymbal of applause1 nor exact and just in ,commerce for the advantages of ,trust and ,credit1 which attend the reputation of true and punctual dealing4 ,for these ,rewards1 though unsought for1 plain ,virtue will bring with her4 ,to have other by-ends in good actions sowers ,laudable performances1 which must have deeper roots1 motives1 and instigations1 to give them the stamp of ,virtues4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #aa ,let not the ,law of thy ,country be the non ultra of thy ,honesty2 nor think that always good enough which the law will make good4 ,narrow not the ,law of ,charity1 ,equity1 ,mercy4 ,joyn ,gospel ,righteousness with ,legal ,right4 ,be not a mere ,gamaliel in the ,faith1 but let the ,sermon in the ,mount be thy ,targum unto the law of ,sinah4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ab ,live by old ,ethicks and the classical ,rules of ,honesty4 ,put no new names or notions upon ,authentick ,virtues and ,vices4 ,think not that ,morality is ,ambulatory2 that ,vices in one age are not ,vices in another2 or that ,virtues1 which are under the everlasting ,seal of right ,reason1 may be ,stamped by ,opinion4 ,and therefore though vicious times invert the opinions of things1 and set up a new ,ethicks against ,virtue1 yet hold thou unto old ,morality2 and rather than follow a multitude to do evil1 stand like ,pompey's pillar conspicuous by thyself1 and single in ,integrity4 ,and since the worst of times afford imitable ,examples of ,virtue2 since no ,deluge of ,vice is like to be so general but more than eight will escape2 ,eye well those ,heroes who have held their ,heads above ,water1 who have touched ,pitch1 and not been defiled1 and in the common ,contagion have remained uncorrupted4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ac ,let ,age not ,envy draw wrinkles on thy cheeks1 be content to be envy'd1 but envy not4 ,emulation may be plausible and ,indignation allowable1 but admit no treaty with that passion which no circumstance can make good4 ,a displacency at the good of others because they enjoy it1 though not unworthy of it1 is an absurd depravity1 sticking fast unto corrupted nature1 and often too hard for ,humility and ,charity1 the great ,suppressors of ,envy4 ,this surely is a ,lyon not to be strangled but by ,hercules himself1 or the highest stress of our minds1 and an ,atom of that power which subdueth all things unto it self4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ad ,owe not thy ,humility unto humiliation from adversity1 but look humbly down in that ,state when others look upwards upon thee4 ,think not thy own shadow longer than that of others1 nor delight to take the ,altitude of thyself4 ,be patient in the age of ,pride1 when ,men live by short intervals of ,reason under the dominion of ,humor and ,passion1 when it's in the ,power of every one to transform thee out of thy self1 and run thee into the short madness4 ,if you cannot imitate ,job1 yet come not short of ,socrates1 and those patient ,pagans who tired the ,tongues of their ,enemies1 while they perceived they spit their malice at brazen ,walls and ,statues4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ae ,let not the ,sun in ,capricorn#ccj go down upon thy wrath1 but write thy wrongs in ,ashes4 ,draw the ,curtain of night upon injuries1 shut them up in the ,tower of ,oblivion#cca and let them be as though they had not been4 ,to forgive our ,enemies1 yet hope that ,god will punish them1 is not to forgive enough4 ,to forgive them our selves1 and not to pray ,god to forgive them1 is a partial piece of ,charity4 ,forgive thine enemies totally1 and without any reserve that however ,god will revenge thee4 #ccj ,even when the ,days are shortest4 #cca ,alluding unto the ,tower of ,oblivion mentioned by ,procopius1 which was the name of a ,tower of ,imprisonment among the ,persians3 whoever was put therein was as it were buried alive1 and it was death for any but to name him4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #af ,while thou so hotly disclaimest the ,devil1 be not guilty of ,diabolism4 ,fall not into one name with that unclean ,spirit1 nor act his nature whom thou so much abhorrest2 that is to ,accuse1 ,calumniate1 ,backbite1 ,whisper1 ,detract1 or sinistrously interpret others4 ,degenerous depravities1 and narrow minded vices6 not only below ,st4 ,paul's noble ,christian but ,aristotle's true ,gentleman4#ccb ,trust not with some that the ,epistle of ,st4 ,james is ,apocryphal1 and so read with less fear that ,stabbing ,truth1 that in company with this vice thy religion is in vain4 ,moses broke the ,tables without breaking of the ,law2 but where ,charity is broke1 the ,law it self is shattered1 which cannot be whole without ,love1 which is the fulfilling of it4 ,look humbly upon thy ,virtues1 and though thou art ,rich in some1 yet think thyself ,poor and ,naked without that ,crowning ,grace1 which thinketh no evil1 which envieth not1 which beareth1 hopeth1 believeth1 endureth all things4 ,with these sure ,graces1 while busy ,tongues are crying out for a drop of cold ,water1 mutes may be in happiness1 and sing the ,trisagion#ccc in heaven4 #ccb ,see ,aristotle's ,ethicks1 chapter of ,magnanimity4 #ccc ,holy1 holy1 holy4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ag ,however thy understanding may waver in the ,theories of ,true and ,false1 yet fasten the ,rudder of thy ,will1 steer strait unto good and fall not foul on evil4 ,imagination is apt to rove1 and conjecture to keep no bounds4 ,some have run out so far1 as to fancy the ,stars might be but the light of the ,crystalline ,heaven shot through perforations on the bodies of the ,orbs4 ,others more ,ingeniously doubt whether there hath not been a vast tract of land in the ,atlantick ocean1 which ,earthquakes and violent causes have long ago devoured4 ,speculative ,misapprehensions may be innocuous1 but immorality pernicious2 ,theorical mistakes and ,physical ,deviations may condemn our ,judgments1 not lead us into ,judgment4 ,but perversity of ,will1 immoral and sinfull enormities walk with ,adraste and ,nemesis at their ,backs1 pursue us unto ,judgment1 and leave us viciously miserable4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ah ,bid early defiance unto those ,vices which are of thine inward ,family1 and having a root in thy ,temper plead a right and propriety in thee4 ,raise timely batteries against those strong holds built upon the ,rock of ,nature1 and make this a great part of the ,militia of thy life4 ,delude not thyself into iniquities from participation or community1 which abate the sense but not the obliquity of them4 ,to conceive sins less1 or less of sins1 because others also ,transgress1 were ,morally to commit that natural fallacy of ,man1 to take comfort from ,society1 and think adversities less1 because others also suffer them4 ,the politick nature of ,vice must be opposed by ,policy2 and therefore wiser ,honesties project and plot against it4 ,wherein notwithstanding we are not to rest in generals1 or the trite ,stratagems of ,art4 ,that may succeed with one which may prove successless with another3 ,there is no community or commonweal of ,virtue3 ,every man must study his own oeconomy1 and adapt such rules unto the figure of himself4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ai ,be substantially great in thy self1 and more than thou appearest unto others2 and let the ,world be deceived in thee1 as they are in the ,lights of ,heaven4 ,hang early plummets upon the heels of ,pride1 and let ,ambition have but an ,epicycle and narrow circuit in thee4 ,measure not thy self by thy morning shadow1 but by the extent of thy grave1 and ,reckon thy self above the ,earth by the line thou must be contented with under it4 ,spread not into boundless ,expansions either of designs or desires4 ,think not that mankind liveth but for a few1 and that the rest are born but to serve those ,ambitions1 which make but flies of ,men and wildernesses of whole ,nations4 ,swell not into vehement actions which imbroil and confound the ,earth2 but be one of those violent ones which force the ,kingdom of ,heaven4#ccd ,if thou must needs ,rule1 be ,zeno's king1 and enjoy that empire which every ,man gives himself4 ,he who is thus his own ,monarch contentedly sways the ,scepter of himself1 not envying the ,glory of ,crowned ,heads and ,elohims of the ,earth4 ,could the ,world unite in the practise of that despised train of ,virtues1 which the ,divine ,ethicks of our ,saviour hath so inculcated upon us1 the furious face of things must disappear1 ,eden would be yet to be found1 and the ,angels might look down not with pity1 but ,joy upon us4 #ccd ,matthew xi4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bj ,though the ,quickness of thine ,ear were able to reach the noise of the ,moon1 which some think it maketh in it's rapid revolution2 though the number of thy ,ears should equal ,argus his ,eyes2 yet stop them all with the wise man's wax1 and be deaf unto the suggestions of ,tale-bearers1 ,calumniators1 ,pickthank or ,malevolent ,delators1 who while quiet ,men sleep1 sowing the ,tares of discord and division1 distract the tranquillity of ,charity and all friendly ,society4 ,these are the ,tongues that set the world on fire1 cankers of reputation1 and1 like that of ,jonas his gourd1 wither a good name in a night4 ,evil ,spirits may sit still1 while these ,spirits walk about1 and perform the business of ,hell4 ,to speak more strictly1 our corrupted hearts are the ,factories of the ,devil1 which may be at work without his presence4 ,for when that circumventing ,spirit hath drawn ,malice1 ,envy1 and all unrighteousness unto well rooted habits in his disciples1 iniquity then goes on upon its own legs1 and if the gate of ,hell were shut up for a time1 ,vice would still be fertile and produce the fruits of ,hell4 ,thus when ,god forsakes us1 ,satan also leaves us4 ,for such offenders he looks upon as sure and sealed up1 and his temptations then needless unto them4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ba ,annihilate not the ,mercies of ,god by the ,oblivion of ,ingratitude4 ,for ,oblivion is a kind of ,annihilation1 and for things to be as though they had not been1 is like unto never being4 ,make not thy ,head a ,grave1 but a ,repository of ,god's ,mercies4 ,though thou hadst the ,memory of ,seneca1 or ,simonides1 and ,conscience1 the punctual ,memorist within us1 yet trust not to thy ,remembrance in things which need ,phylacteries4 ,register not only strange but merciful occurrences3 ,let ,ephemerides not ,olympiads give thee account of his mercies4 ,let thy ,diaries stand thick with dutiful ,mementos and ,asterisks of acknowledgment4 ,and to be compleat and forget nothing1 date not his mercy from thy nativity1 ,look beyond the ,world1 and before the ara of ,adam4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bb ,paint not the ,sepulcher of thy self1 and strive not to beautify thy corruption4 ,be not an ,advocate for thy ,vices1 nor call for many ,hour-,glasses to justify thy imperfections4 ,think not that always good which thou thinkest thou canst always make good1 nor that concealed which the ,sun doth not behold4 ,that which the ,sun doth not now see1 will be visible when the ,sun is out1 and the ,stars are fallen from ,heaven4 ,mean while there is no darkness unto ,conscience2 which can see without ,light1 and in the deepest obscurity give a clear ,draught of things1 which the ,cloud of dissimulation hath conceal'd from all eyes4 ,there is a natural standing ,court within us1 examining1 acquitting1 and condemning at the ,tribunal of ourselves1 wherein iniquities have their natural ,theta's and no nocent is absolved by the verdict of himself4 ,and therefore although our transgressions shall be tryed at the last bar1 the process need not be long3 for the ,judge of all knoweth all1 and every ,man will nakedly know himself4 ,and when so few are like to plead not ,guilty1 the ,assize must soon have an end4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bc ,comply with some humours1 bear with others1 but serve none4 ,civil complacency consists with decent honesty3 ,flattery is a ,juggler1 and no ,kin unto ,sincerity4 ,but while thou maintainest the plain path1 and scornest to flatter others1 fall not into self ,adulation1 and become not thine own ,parasite4 ,be deaf unto thy self1 and be not betrayed at home4 ,self-credulity1 pride1 and levity lead unto self-,idolatry4 ,there is no ,damocles like unto self opinion1 nor any ,siren to our own fawning ,conceptions4 ,to magnify our minor things1 or hug ourselves in our apparitions2 to afford a credulous ,ear unto the clawing suggestions of fancy2 to pass our days in painted mistakes of our selves2 and though we behold our own blood1 to think ourselves the sons of ,jupiter2#cce are blandishments of self love1 worse than outward delusion4 ,by this ,imposture ,wise ,men sometimes are ,mistaken in their ,elevation1 and look above themselves4 ,and ,fools1 which are ,antipodes unto the ,wise1 conceive themselves to be but their ,perioeci1 and in the same parallel with them4 #cce ,as ,alexander the ,great did4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bd ,be not a ,hercules furens abroad1 and a ,poltron within thy self4 ,to chase our ,enemies out of the ,field1 and be led captive by our ,vices2 to beat down our ,foes1 and fall down to our ,concupiscences2 are ,solecisms in ,moral ,schools1 and no ,laurel attends them4 ,to well manage our ,affections1 and wild ,horses of ,plato1 are the highest ,circenses2 and the noblest ,digladiation is in the ,theater of our selves2 for therein our inward ,antagonists1 not only like common ,gladiators1 with ordinary ,weapons and down right ,blows make at us1 but also like ,retiary and ,laqueary ,combatants1 with ,nets1 ,frauds1 and ,entanglements1 fall upon us4 ,weapons for such combats are not to be forged at ,lipara3 ,vulcan's ,art doth nothing in this internal ,militia2 wherein not the ,armour of ,achilles1 but the ,armature of ,st4 ,paul1 gives the ,glorious day1 and ,triumphs not ,leading up into ,capitols1 but up into the highest ,heavens4 ,and therefore while so many think it the only valour to command and master others1 study thou the ,dominion of thy self1 and quiet thine own ,commotions4 ,let ,right ,reason be thy ,lycurgus1 and lift up thy hand unto the ,law of it2 move by the ,intelligences of the superiour ,faculties1 not by the ,rapt of ,passion1 nor merely by that of ,temper and ,constitution4 ,they who are merely carried on by the ,wheel of such ,inclinations1 without the ,hand and ,guidance of ,sovereign ,reason1 are but the ,automatous part of mankind1 rather lived than living1 or at least under-living themselves4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #be ,let not ,fortune1 which hath no name in ,scripture1 have any in thy ,divinity4 ,let ,providence1 not ,chance1 have the honour of thy acknowledgments1 and be thy ,o,edipus in ,contingences4 ,mark well the ,paths and winding ,ways thereof2 but be not too wise in the ,construction1 or sudden in the ,application4 ,the ,hand of ,providence writes often by ,abbreviatures1 ,hieroglyphicks or short ,characters1 which1 like the ,laconism on the ,wall1 are not to be made out but by a ,hint or ,key from that ,spirit which indited them4 ,leave future occurrences to their uncertainties1 think that which is present thy own2 ,and since 'tis easier to foretell an ,eclipse1 than a foul ,day at some distance1 ,look for little ,regular below4 ,attend with patience the uncertainty of ,things1 and what lieth yet unexerted in the ,chaos of ,futurity4 ,the uncertainty and ignorance of ,things to come makes the ,world new unto us by unexpected ,emergences2 whereby we pass not our days in the trite road of affairs affording no ,novity2 for the novellizing ,spirit of ,man lives by variety1 and the new ,faces of ,things4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bf ,though a contented ,mind enlargeth the dimension of little things2 and unto some 'tis ,wealth enough not to be ,poor2 and others are well content1 if they be but ,rich enough to be ,honest1 and to give every ,man his due3 yet fall not into that obsolete ,affectation of ,bravery to throw away thy ,money1 and to reject all ,honours or ,honourable stations in this courtly and splendid ,world4 ,old ,generosity is superannuated1 and such contempt of the ,world out of date4 ,no ,man is now like to refuse the favour of great ones1 or be content to say unto ,princes1 stand out of my ,sun4 ,and if any there be of such antiquated ,resolutions1 they are not like to be tempted out of them by great ones2 and 'tis fair if they escape the name of ,hypocondriacks from the ,genius of latter times1 unto whom contempt of the ,world is the most contemptible opinion1 and to be able1 like ,bias1 to carry all they have about them were to be the eighth ,wise-man4 ,however1 the old tetrick ,philosophers look'd always with ,indignation upon such a ,face of ,things2 and observing the unnatural current of ,riches1 ,power1 and ,honour in the ,world1 and withal the imperfection and demerit of persons often advanced unto them1 were tempted into angry ,opinions1 that ,affairs were ordered more by ,stars than ,reason1 and that things went on rather by ,lottery1 than ,election4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bg ,if thy ,vessel be but small in the ,ocean of this ,world1 if ,meanness of ,possessions be thy allotment upon ,earth1 forget not those ,virtues which the great disposer of all bids thee to entertain from thy ,quality and ,condition1 that is1 ,submission1 ,humility1 ,content of mind1 and ,industry4 ,content may dwell in all ,stations4 ,to be low1 but above contempt1 may be high enough to be ,happy4 ,but many of low ,degree may be higher than computed1 and some ,cubits above the common ,commensuration2 for in all ,states ,virtue gives ,qualifications1 and ,allowances1 which make out defects4 ,rough ,diamonds are sometimes mistaken for ,pebbles1 and ,meanness may be ,rich in ,accomplishments1 which ,riches in vain desire4 ,if our merits be above our ,stations1 if our intrinsecal ,value be greater than what we go for1 or our ,value than our ,valuation1 and if we stand higher in ,god's1 than in the ,censor's ,book2 it may make some equitable balance in the inequalities of this ,world1 and there may be no such vast ,chasm or ,gulf between disparities as common ,measures determine4 ,the ,divine ,eye looks upon high and low differently from that of ,man4 ,they who seem to stand upon ,olympus1 and high mounted unto our eyes1 may be but in the ,valleys1 and low ,ground unto his2 for he looks upon those as highest who nearest approach his ,divinity1 and upon those as lowest who are farthest from it4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bh ,when thou lookest upon the ,imperfections of others1 allow one ,eye for what is ,laudable in them1 and the balance they have from some excellency1 which may render them considerable4 ,while we look with fear or hatred upon the ,teeth of the ,viper1 we may behold his ,eye with love4 ,in venemous ,natures something may be amiable3 ,poysons afford ,antipoysons3 nothing is totally1 or altogether uselessly bad4 ,notable ,virtues are sometimes dashed with notorious ,vices1 and in some vicious tempers have been found illustrious ,acts of ,virtue2 which makes such observable worth in some actions of king ,demetrius1 ,antonius1 and ,ahab1 as are not to be found in the same kind in ,aristides1 ,numa1 or ,david4 ,constancy1 ,generosity1 ,clemency1 and ,liberality1 have been highly conspicuous in some ,persons not markt out in other concerns for ,example or ,imitation4 ,but since ,goodness is exemplary in all1 if others have not our ,virtues1 let us not be wanting in theirs1 nor scorning them for their ,vices whereof we are free1 be condemned by their ,virtues1 wherein we are deficient4 ,there is ,dross1 ,alloy1 and ,embasement in all human ,temper2 and he flieth without ,wings1 who thinks to find ,ophyr or pure ,metal in any4 ,for perfection is not like ,light center'd in any one body1 but like the dispersed ,seminalities of ,vegetables at the ,creation scattered through the whole ,mass of the ,earth1 no place producing all and almost all some4 ,so that 'tis well1 if a perfect ,man can be made out of many ,men1 and to the ,perfect ,eye of ,god even out of ,mankind4 ,time1 which perfects some ,things1 imperfects also others4 ,could we intimately apprehend the ,ideated ,man1 and as he stood in the intellect of ,god upon the first exertion by ,creation1 we might more narrowly comprehend our present ,degeneration1 and how widely we are fallen from the pure ,exemplar and ,idea of our ,nature3 for after this corruptive ,elongation from a primitive and pure ,creation1 we are almost lost in ,degeneration2 and ,adam hath not only fallen from his ,creator1 but we ourselves from ,adam1 our ,tycho and primary ,generator4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bi ,quarrel not rashly with ,adversities not yet understood2 and overlook not the ,mercies often bound up in them4 ,for we consider not sufficiently the good of ,evils1 nor fairly compute the ,mercies of ,providence in things afflictive at first hand4 ,the famous ,andreas ,doria being invited to a feast by ,aloysio ,fieschi with design to ,kill him1 just the night before1 fell mercifully into a fit of the ,gout and so escaped that mischief4 ,when ,cato intended to ,kill himself1 from a blow which he gave his servant1 who would not reach his ,sword unto him1 his ,hand so swell'd that he had much ado to ,effect his design4 ,hereby any one but a resolved ,stoick might have taken a fair hint of consideration1 and that some merciful ,genius would have contrived his preservation4 ,to be sagacious in such intercurrences is not ,superstition1 but wary and pious ,discretion3 and to contemn such hints were to be deaf unto the speaking hand of ,god1 wherein ,socrates and ,cardan would hardly have been mistaken4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #cj ,break not open the gate of ,destruction1 and make no haste or bustle unto ,ruin4 ,post not heedlessly on unto the non ultra of ,folly1 or precipice of ,perdition4 ,let vicious ways have their ,tropicks and ,deflexions1 and swim in the ,waters of ,sin but as in the ,asphaltick ,lake1 though smeared and defiled1 not to sink to the bottom4 ,if thou hast dipt thy foot in the ,brink1 yet venture not over ,rubicon4 ,run not into ,extremities from whence there is no regression4 ,in the vicious ways of the ,world it mercifully falleth out that we become not extempore wicked1 but it taketh some time and pains to undo ourselves4 ,we fall not from ,virtue1 like ,vulcan from ,heaven1 in a day4 ,bad ,dispositions require some time to grow into bad ,habits1 bad ,habits must undermine good1 and often repeated acts make us habitually evil3 so that by gradual depravations1 and while we are but staggeringly evil1 we are not left without ,parentheses of considerations1 thoughtful rebukes1 and merciful interventions1 to recal us unto ourselves4 ,for the ,wisdom of ,god hath methodiz'd the course of things unto the best advantage of goodness1 and thinking ,considerators overlook not the tract thereof4 ,sidenote3 ,sect4 #ca ,since ,men and ,women have their proper ,virtues and ,vices1 and even ,twins of different sexes have not only distinct coverings in the ,womb1 but differing qualities and ,virtuous ,habits after2 transplace not their ,proprieties1 and confound not their ,distinctions4 ,let ,masculine and feminine accomplishments shine in their proper ,orbs1 and adorn their ,respective subjects4 ,however unite not the ,vices of both ,sexes in one2 be not ,monstrous in ,iniquity1 nor ,hermaphroditically ,vitious4 ,sidenote3 ,sect4 #cb ,if generous ,honesty1 ,valour1 and plain ,dealing1 be the ,cognisance of thy ,family or ,characteristick of thy ,country1 hold fast such inclinations suckt in with thy first ,breath1 and which lay in the ,cradle with thee4 ,fall not into transforming degenerations1 which under the old name create a new ,nation4 ,be not an ,alien in thine own ,nation2 bring not ,orontes into ,tiber2 learn the ,virtues not the ,vices of thy foreign ,neighbours1 and make thy imitation by discretion not contagion4 ,feel something of thyself in the noble ,acts of thy ,ancestors1 and find in thine own ,genius that of thy ,predecessors4 ,rest not under the ,expired merits of others1 shine by those of thy own4 ,flame not like the central fire which enlightneth no ,eyes1 which no ,man seeth1 and most men think there's no such thing to be seen4 ,add one ,ray unto the common ,lustre2 add not only to the ,number but the ,note of thy ,generation2 and prove not a ,cloud but an ,asterisk in thy ,region4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #cc ,since thou hast an ,alarum in thy ,breast1 which tells thee thou hast a ,living ,spirit in thee above two thousand times in an hour2 dull not away thy ,days in sloathful supinity and the tediousness of doing nothing4 ,to strenuous ,minds there is an inquietude in overquietness1 and no laboriousness in labour2 and to tread a mile after the slow pace of a ,snail1 or the heavy measures of the ,lazy of ,brazilia1 were a most tiring ,pennance1 and worse than a race of some furlongs at the ,olympicks4 ,the rapid courses of the heavenly bodies are rather imitable by our ,thoughts1 than our corporeal ,motions2 yet the solemn motions of our lives amount unto a greater measure than is commonly apprehended4 ,some few men have surrounded the ,globe of the ,earth2 yet many in the set ,locomotions and movements of their days have measured the circuit of it1 and twenty thousand miles have been exceeded by them4 ,move circumspectly not meticulously1 and rather carefully sollicitous than anxiously sollicitudinous4 ,think not there is a ,lyon in the way1 nor walk with ,leaden ,sandals in the paths of ,goodness2 but in all ,virtuous motions let ,prudence determine thy measures4 ,strive not to run like ,hercules a furlong in a breath3 ,festination may prove ,precipitation2 ,deliberating delay may be wise cunctation1 and slowness no sloathfulness4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #cd ,since virtuous actions have their own ,trumpets1 and without any noise from thy self will have their resound abroad2 busy not thy best ,member in the ,encomium of thy self4 ,praise is a debt we owe unto the ,virtues of others1 and due unto our own from all1 whom ,malice hath not made ,mutes1 or ,envy struck ,dumb4 ,fall not however into the common prevaricating way of self commendation and boasting1 by denoting the imperfections of others4 ,he who discommendeth others obliquely commendeth himself4 ,he who whispers their infirmities proclaims his own ,exemption from them2 and consequently says1 ,i am not as this ,publican1 or ,hic ,niger1#ccf whom ,i talk of4 ,open ostentation and loud vain-glory is more tolerable than this obliquity1 as but containing some ,froath1 no ,ink1 as but consisting of a personal piece of folly1 nor complicated with uncharitableness4 ,superfluously we seek a precarious applause abroad3 every good ,man hath his plaudite within himself2 and though his ,tongue be silent1 is not without loud ,cymbals in his ,breast4 ,conscience will become his ,panegyrist1 and never forget to crown and extol him unto himself4 #ccf ,hic niger est1 hunc tu ,romane caveto4 ,horace4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ce ,bless not thy self only that thou wert born in ,athens2#ccg but among thy multiplyed acknowledgments lift up one hand unto ,heaven1 that thou wert born of ,honest ,parents1 that ,modesty1 ,humility1 ,patience1 and ,veracity lay in the same ,egg1 and came into the ,world with thee4 ,from such foundations thou may'st be ,happy in a ,virtuous precocity1 and make an early and long walk in ,goodness2 so may'st thou more naturally feel the contrariety of ,vice unto ,nature1 and resist some by the ,antidote of thy ,temper4 ,as ,charity covers1 so ,modesty preventeth a multitude of sins2 withholding from noon day ,vices and brazen-brow'd ,iniquities1 from sinning on the house-top1 and painting our follies with the rays of the ,sun4 ,where this ,virtue reigneth1 though ,vice may show its ,head1 it cannot be in its ,glory3 where shame of sin sets1 look not for ,virtue to arise2 for when ,modesty taketh ,wing1 ,astra#cch goes soon after4 #ccg ,as ,socrates did4 ,athens a place of ,learning and ,civility4 #cch ,astra ,goddess of justice and consequently of all virtue4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #cf ,the ,heroical vein of ,mankind runs much in the ,souldiery1 and couragious part of the ,world2 and in that form we oftenest find ,men above ,men4 ,history is full of the gallantry of that ,tribe2 and when we read their notable ,acts1 we easily find what a difference there is between a ,life in ,plutarch and in ,lartius4 ,where true ,fortitude dwells1 ,loyalty1 ,bounty1 ,friendship1 and ,fidelity1 may be found4 ,a man may confide in persons constituted for noble ends1 who dare do and suffer1 and who have a ,hand to burn for their ,country and their ,friend4 ,small and creeping things are the product of petty ,souls4 ,he is like to be mistaken1 who makes choice of a covetous ,man for a ,friend1 or relieth upon the ,reed of narrow and poltron ,friendship4 ,pityful things are only to be found in the cottages of such ,breasts2 but bright ,thoughts1 clear ,deeds1 ,constancy1 ,fidelity1 ,bounty1 and generous ,honesty are the ,gems of noble ,minds2 wherein1 to derogate from none1 the true ,heroick ,english ,gentleman hath no ,peer4 ,,part ,,ii ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #a ,punish not thy self with ,pleasure2 ,glut not thy sense with palative ,delights2 nor revenge the contempt of ,temperance by the penalty of ,satiety4 ,were there an ,age of delight or any pleasure durable1 who would not honour ,volupia8 but the ,race of ,delight is short1 and ,pleasures have mutable faces4 ,the pleasures of one age are not pleasures in another1 and their ,lives fall short of our own4 ,even in our sensual days1 the strength of delight is in its seldomness or rarity1 and sting in its satiety3 ,mediocrity is its ,life1 and immoderacy its ,confusion4 ,the ,luxurious ,emperors of old inconsiderately satiated themselves with the dainties of ,sea and ,land1 till1 wearied through all varieties1 their refections became a study unto them1 and they were fain to feed by ,invention4 ,novices in true ,epicurism6 which by mediocrity1 paucity1 quick and healthful ,appetite1 makes delights smartly acceptable2 whereby ,epicurus himself found ,jupiter's brain#cci in a piece of ,cytheridian ,cheese1 and the ,tongues of ,nightingals in a dish of ,onyons4 ,hereby healthful and temperate poverty hath the start of nauseating ,luxury2 unto whose clear and naked appetite every meal is a feast1 and in one single dish the first course of ,metellus2#cdj who are cheaply hungry1 and never loose their hunger1 or advantage of a craving appetite1 because obvious food contents it2 while ,nero1#cda half famish'd1 could not feed upon a piece of ,bread1 and lingring after his snowed water1 hardly got down an ordinary cup of ,calda4#cdb ,by such circumscriptions of pleasure the contemned ,philosophers reserved unto themselves the secret of ,delight1 which the ,helluo's of those days lost in their exorbitances4 ,in vain we study ,delight3 ,it is at the command of every sober ,mind1 and in every sense born with us3 but ,nature1 who teacheth us the rule of pleasure1 instructeth also in the bounds thereof1 and where its line expireth4 ,and therefore ,temperate ,minds1 not pressing their pleasures until the sting appeareth1 enjoy their contentations contentedly1 and without regret1 and so escape the folly of excess1 to be pleased unto displacency4 #cci ,cerebrum ,jovis1 for a delicious bit4 #cdj ,metellus his riotous ,pontifical ,supper1 the great variety whereat is to be seen in ,macrobius4 #cda ,nero in his flight4 ,sueton4 #cdb ,cald gelidque minister4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #b ,bring candid ,eyes unto the perusal of mens works1 and let not ,zoilism or ,detraction blast well intended labours4 ,he that endureth no faults in mens writings must only read his own1 wherein for the most part all appeareth ,white4 ,quotation mistakes1 inadvertency1 expedition1 and human ,lapses may make not only ,moles but ,warts in ,learned ,authors1 who notwithstanding being judged by the capital matter admit not of disparagement4 ,i should unwillingly affirm that ,cicero was but slightly versed in ,homer1 because in his work de ,gloria he ascribed those verses unto ,ajax1 which were delivered by ,hector4 ,what if ,plautus in the account of ,hercules mistaketh nativity for conception8 ,who would have mean thoughts of ,apollinaris ,sidonius1 who seems to mistake the river ,tigris for ,euphrates2 and though a good ,historian and learned ,bishop of ,auvergne had the misfortune to be out in the ,story of ,david1 making mention of him when the ,ark was sent back by the ,philistins upon a ,cart2 which was before his time4 ,though ,i have no great opinion of ,machiavel's learning1 yet ,i shall not presently say1 that he was but a ,novice in ,roman ,history1 because he was mistaken in placing ,commodus after the ,emperour ,severus4 ,capital ,truths are to be narrowly eyed1 collateral ,lapses and circumstantial deliveries not to be too strictly sifted4 ,and if the substantial subject be well forged out1 we need not examine the sparks1 which irregularly fly from it4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #c ,let well weighed ,considerations1 not stiff and peremptory ,assumptions1 guide thy discourses1 ,pen1 and ,actions4 ,to begin or continue our works like ,trismegistus of old1 verum cert verum atque verissimum est1#cdc would sound arrogantly unto present ,ears in this strict enquiring ,age1 wherein1 for the most part1 ,probably1 and ,perhaps1 will hardly serve to mollify the ,spirit of captious ,contradictors4 ,if ,cardan saith that a ,parrot is a beautiful ,bird1 ,scaliger will set his ,wits o' work to prove it a deformed ,animal4 ,the ,compage of all ,physical ,truths is not so closely jointed1 but opposition may find intrusion1 nor always so closely maintained1 as not to suffer attrition4 ,many ,positions seem quodlibetically constituted1 and like a ,delphian blade will cut on both sides4 ,some ,truths seem almost ,falshoods1 and some ,falshoods almost ,truths2 wherein ,falshood and ,truth seem almost quilibriously stated1 and but a few grains of distinction to bear down the ballance4 ,some have digged deep1 yet glanced by the ,royal ,vein2 and a man may come unto the ,pericardium1 but not the ,heart of ,truth4 ,besides1 many things are known1 as some are seen1 that is by ,parallaxis1 or at some distance from their true and proper beings1 the superficial regard of things having a different aspect from their true and central ,natures4 ,and this moves sober ,pens unto suspensory and timorous assertions1 nor presently to obtrude them as ,sibyls leaves1 which after considerations may find to be but folious apparances1 and not the central and vital interiors of truth4 #cdc ,in ,tabula ,smaragdina4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #d ,value the ,judicious1 and let not mere acquests in minor parts of ,learning gain thy preexistimation4 ',tis an unjust way of compute to magnify a weak ,head for some ,latin abilities1 and to undervalue a solid ,judgment1 because he knows not the genealogy of ,hector4 ,when that notable ,king of ,france#cdd would have his son to know but one sentence in ,latin1 had it been a good one1 perhaps it had been enough4 ,natural parts and good ,judgments rule the ,world4 ,states are not governed by ,ergotisms4 ,many have ,ruled well who could not perhaps define a ,commonwealth1 and they who understand not the ,globe of the ,earth command a great part of it4 ,where natural ,logick prevails not1 ,artificial too often faileth4 ,where ,nature fills the ,sails1 the ,vessel goes smoothly on1 and when ,judgment is the ,pilot1 the ,ensurance need not be high4 ,when ,industry builds upon ,nature1 we may expect ,pyramids3 where that foundation is wanting1 the structure must be low4 ,they do most by ,books1 who could do much without them2 and he that chiefly ows himself unto himself is the substantial ,man4 #cdd ,lewis the ,eleventh4 ,qui nescit dissimulare nescit ,regnare4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #e ,let thy ,studies be as free as thy ,thoughts and ,contemplations3 but fly not only upon the wings of ,imagination2 ,joyn ,sense unto ,reason1 and ,experiment unto ,speculation1 and so give life unto ,embryon ,truths1 and ,verities yet in their ,chaos4 ,there is nothing more acceptable unto the ,ingenious ,world1 than this noble ,eluctation of ,truth2 wherein1 against the tenacity of ,prejudice and ,prescription1 this ,century now prevaileth4 ,what ,libraries of new ,volumes aftertimes will behold1 and in what a new ,world of ,knowledge the eyes of our posterity may be happy1 a few ,ages may joyfully declare2 and is but a cold thought unto those1 who cannot hope to behold this ,exantlation of ,truth1 or that obscured ,virgin half out of the ,pit4 ,which might make some content with a commutation of the time of their lives1 and to commend the ,fancy of the ,pythagorean metempsychosis2 whereby they might hope to enjoy this happiness in their third or fourth selves1 and behold that in ,pythagoras1 which they now but foresee in ,euphorbus4#cde ,the ,world1 which took but six days to make1 is like to take six thousand to make out3 mean while old ,truths voted down begin to resume their places1 and new ones arise upon us2 wherein there is no comfort in the happiness of ,tully's ,elizium#cdf1 any satisfaction from the ,ghosts of the ,ancients1 who knew so little of what is now well known4 ,men disparage not ,antiquity1 who prudently exalt new ,enquiries1 and make not them the ,judges of ,truth1 who were but fellow ,enquirers of it4 ,who can but magnify the ,endeavors of ,aristotle1 and the noble start which ,learning had under him2 or less than pitty the slender progression made upon such advantages8 ,while many ,centuries were lost in repetitions and transcriptions sealing up the ,book of ,knowledge4 ,and therefore rather than to swell the leaves of ,learning by fruitless ,repetitions1 to sing the same ,song in all ,ages1 nor adventure at ,essays beyond the attempt of others1 many would be content that some would write like ,helmont and ,paracelsus2 and be willing to endure the monstrosity of some opinions1 for divers singular notions requiting such aberrations4 #cde ,ipse ego1 nam memini1 ,trojani in tempore belli ,panthoides ,euphorbus eram4 #cdf ,who comforted himself that he should there converse with the old ,philosophers4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #f ,despise not the obliquities of younger ways1 nor despair of better things whereof there is yet no prospect4 ,who would imagine that ,diogenes1 who in his younger days was a falsifier of ,money1 should in the after course of his life be so great a contemner of ,metal8 ,some ,negros who believe the ,resurrection1 think that they shall ,rise white4#cdg ,even in this life ,regeneration may imitate ,resurrection1 our black and vitious tinctures may wear off1 and goodness cloath us with candour4 ,good admonitions ,knock not always in vain4 ,there will be signal ,examples of ,god's mercy1 and the ,angels must not want their charitable ,rejoyces for the conversion of lost ,sinners4 ,figures of most ,angles do nearest approach unto ,circles1 which have no ,angles at all4 ,some may be near unto goodness1 who are conceived far from it1 and many things happen1 not likely to ensue from any promises of ,antecedencies4 ,culpable beginnings have found commendable conclusions1 and infamous courses pious retractations4 ,detestable ,sinners have proved exemplary ,converts on ,earth1 and may be ,glorious in the ,apartment of ,mary ,magdalen in ,heaven4 ,men are not the same through all divisions of their ,ages4 ,time1 ,experience1 self ,reflexions1 and ,god's mercies make in some well-temper'd minds a kind of translation before ,death1 and ,men to differ from themselves as well as from other ,persons4 ,hereof the old ,world afforded many ,examples to the infamy of latter ,ages1 wherein ,men too often live by the rule of their inclinations2 so that1 without any astral prediction1 the first day gives the last1#cdh ,men are commonly as they were1 or rather1 as bad dispositions run into worser habits1 the ,evening doth not crown1 but sowerly conclude the ,day4 #cdg ,mandelslo4 #cdh ,primusque dies dedit extremum4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #g ,if the ,almighty will not spare us according to his merciful capitulation at ,sodom1 if his ,goodness please not to pass over a great deal of ,bad for a small pittance of ,good1 or to look upon us in the ,lump2 there is slender hope for ,mercy1 or sound presumption of fulfilling half his ,will1 either in ,persons or ,nations3 they who excel in some ,virtues being so often defective in others2 few ,men driving at the extent and amplitude of ,goodness1 but computing themselves by their best parts1 and others by their worst1 are content to rest in those ,virtues1 which others commonly want4 ,which makes this speckled ,face of ,honesty in the ,world2 and which was the imperfection of the old ,philosophers and great pretenders unto ,virtue1 who well declining the gaping ,vices of ,intemperance1 ,incontinency1 ,violence and ,oppression1 were yet blindly peccant in iniquities of closer faces1 were envious1 malicious1 contemners1 scoffers1 censurers1 and stufft with ,vizard ,vices1 no less depraving the ,ethereal particle and diviner portion of ,man4 ,for ,envy1 ,malice1 ,hatred1 are the qualities of ,satan1 close and dark like himself2 and where such brands smoak the ,soul cannot be ,white4 ,vice may be had at all prices2 expensive and costly iniquities1 which make the noise1 cannot be every ,man's sins3 but the soul may be foully inquinated at a very low rate1 and a ,man may be cheaply vitious1 to the perdition of himself4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #h ,opinion rides upon the neck of ,reason1 and ,men are ,happy1 ,wise1 or ,learned1 according as that ,empress shall set them down in the ,register of ,reputation4 ,however weigh not thyself in the scales of thy own opinion1 but let the ,judgment of the ,judicious be the ,standard of thy ,merit4 ,self-estimation is a flatterer too readily intitling us unto ,knowledge and ,abilities1 which others sollicitously labour after1 and doubtfully think they attain4 ,surely such confident tempers do pass their days in best tranquility1 who1 resting in the opinion of their own abilities1 are happily gull'd by such contentation2 wherein ,pride1 ,self-conceit1 ,confidence1 and ,opiniatrity will hardly suffer any to complain of imperfection4 ,to think themselves in the right1 or all that right1 or only that1 which they do or think1 is a fallacy of high content2 though others laugh in their sleeves1 and look upon them as in a deluded state of ,judgment4 ,wherein notwithstanding 'twere but a civil piece of complacency to suffer them to sleep who would not wake1 to let them rest in their securities1 nor by dissent or opposition to stagger their contentments4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #i ,since the ,brow speaks often true1 since ,eyes and ,noses have ,tongues1 and the countenance proclaims the ,heart and inclinations2 let observation so far instruct thee in ,physiognomical lines1 as to be some ,rule for thy distinction1 and ,guide for thy affection unto such as look most like ,men4 ,mankind1 methinks1 is comprehended in a few ,faces1 if we exclude all ,visages1 which any way participate of ,symmetries and ,schemes of ,look common unto other ,animals4 ,for as though ,man were the extract of the ,world1 in whom all were in coagulato1 which in their forms were in soluto1 and at ,extension2 we often observe that ,men do most act those ,creatures1 whose constitution1 parts1 and complexion do most predominate in their mixtures4 ,this is a corner-stone in ,physiognomy1 and holds some ,truth not only in particular ,persons but also in whole ,nations4 ,there are therefore ,provincial ,faces1 ,national ,lips and ,noses1 which testify not only the ,natures of those ,countries1 but of those which have them elsewhere4 ,thus we may make ,england the whole ,earth1 dividing it not only into ,europe1 ,asia1 ,africa1 but the particular ,regions thereof1 and may in some latitude affirm1 that there are gyptians1 ,scythians1 ,indians among us2 who though born in ,england1 yet carry the ,faces and ,air of those ,countries1 and are also agreeable and correspondent unto their ,natures4 ,faces look uniformly unto our ,eyes3 ,how they appear unto some ,animals of a more piercing or differing sight1 who are able to discover the inequalities1 rubbs1 and hairiness of the ,skin1 is not without good doubt4 ,and therefore in reference unto ,man1 ,cupid is said to be blind4 ,affection should not be too sharp-,eyed1 and ,love is not to be made by magnifying ,glasses4 ,if things were seen as they truly are1 the beauty of bodies would be much abridged4 ,and therefore the wise ,contriver hath drawn the pictures and outsides of things softly and amiably unto the natural ,edge of our ,eyes1 not leaving them able to discover those uncomely asperities1 which make ,oyster-shells in good ,faces1 and ,hedghoggs even in ,venus's moles4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #aj ,court not ,felicity too far1 and weary not the favorable hand of ,fortune4 ,glorious actions have their times1 extent1 and non ultra's4 ,to put no end unto ,attempts were to make prescription of ,successes1 and to bespeak unhappiness at the last4 ,for the ,line of our ,lives is drawn with white and black vicissitudes1 wherein the extremes hold seldom one complexion4 ,that ,pompey should obtain the sirname of ,great at twenty five years1 that ,men in their young and active days should be fortunate and perform notable things1 is no observation of deep wonder1 they having the strength of their fates before them1 nor yet acted their parts in the ,world1 for which they were brought into it3 whereas ,men of years1 matured for counsels and designs1 seem to be beyond the vigour of their active fortunes1 and high exploits of life1 providentially ordained unto ,ages best agreeable unto them4 ,and therefore many brave men finding their fortune grow faint1 and feeling its declination1 have timely withdrawn themselves from great attempts1 and so escaped the ends of mighty ,men1 disproportionable to their beginnings4 ,but magnanimous thoughts have so dimmed the ,eyes of many1 that forgetting the very essence of ,fortune1 and the vicissitude of good and evil1 they apprehend no bottom in felicity2 and so have been still tempted on unto mighty ,actions1 reserved for their destructions4 ,for ,fortune lays the ,plot of our ,adversities in the foundation of our ,felicities1 blessing us in the first quadrate1 to blast us more sharply in the last4 ,and since in the highest felicities there lieth a capacity of the lowest miseries1 she hath this advantage from our happiness to make us truly miserable4 ,for to become acutely miserable we are to be first happy4 ,affliction smarts most in the most happy state1 as having somewhat in it of ,bellisarius at ,beggers bush1 or ,bajazet in the grate4 ,and this the fallen ,angels severely understand1 who having acted their first part in ,heaven1 are made sharply miserable by transition1 and more afflictively feel the contrary state of ,hell4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #aa ,carry no careless ,eye upon the unexpected scenes of things2 but ponder the acts of ,providence in the publick ends of great and notable ,men1 set out unto the view of all for no common memorandums4 ,the ,tragical ,exits and unexpected periods of some eminent ,persons cannot but amuse considerate ,observators2 wherein notwithstanding most men seem to see by extramission1 without reception or self-reflexion1 and conceive themselves unconcerned by the fallacy of their own ,exemption3 ,whereas the ,mercy of ,god hath singled out but few to be the signals of his ,justice1 leaving the generality of ,mankind to the pdagogy of ,example4 ,but the inadvertency of our ,natures not well apprehending this favorable method and merciful decimation1 and that he sheweth in some what others also deserve2 they entertain no sense of his ,hand beyond the stroak of themselves4 ,whereupon the whole becomes necessarily punished1 and the contracted ,hand of ,god extended unto universal ,judgments3 from whence nevertheless the stupidity of our tempers receives but faint impressions1 and in the most ,tragical state of times holds but starts of good motions4 ,so that to continue us in goodness there must be iterated returns of misery1 and a circulation in afflictions is necessary4 ,and since we cannot be wise by warnings1 since ,plagues are insignificant1 except we be personally plagued1 since also we cannot be punish'd unto ,amendment by proxy or commutation1 nor by vicinity1 but contaction2 there is an unhappy necessity that we must smart in our own ,skins1 and the provoked arm of the ,almighty must fall upon ourselves4 ,the capital sufferings of others are rather our monitions than acquitments4 ,there is but one who died salvifically for us1 and able to say unto ,death1 hitherto shalt thou go and no farther2 only one enlivening ,death1 which makes ,gardens of ,graves1 and that which was sowed in ,corruption to arise and flourish in ,glory3 when ,death it self shall dye1 and living shall have no ,period1 when the damned shall mourn at the funeral of ,death1 when ,life not ,death shall be the wages of sin1 when the second ,death shall prove a miserable ,life1 and destruction shall be courted4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ab ,although their ,thoughts may seem too severe1 who think that few ill natur'd ,men go to heaven2 yet it may be acknowledged that good natur'd ,persons are best founded for that place2 who enter the ,world with good ,dispositions1 and natural ,graces1 more ready to be advanced by impressions from above1 and christianized unto pieties2 who carry about them plain and down right dealing ,minds1 ,humility1 ,mercy1 ,charity1 and ,virtues acceptable unto ,god and ,man4 ,but whatever success they may have as to ,heaven1 they are the acceptable ,men on ,earth1 and happy is he who hath his quiver full of them for his ,friends4 ,these are not the ,dens wherein ,falshood lurks1 and ,hypocrisy hides its ,head1 wherein ,frowardness makes its ,nest1 or where ,malice1 ,hard-heartedness1 and ,oppression love to dwell2 not those by whom the ,poor get little1 and the ,rich some time loose all2 ,men not of retracted ,looks1 but who carry their ,hearts in their ,faces1 and need not to be look'd upon with perspectives2 not sordidly or mischievously ingrateful2 who cannot learn to ride upon the neck of the afflicted1 nor load the heavy laden1 but who keep the temple of ,janus shut by peaceable and quiet tempers2 who make not only the best ,friends1 but the best ,enemies1 as easier to forgive than offend1 and ready to pass by the second offence1 before they avenge the first2 who make natural ,royalists1 obedient ,subjects1 kind and merciful ,princes1 verified in our own1 one of the best natur'd ,kings of this ,throne4 ,of the old ,roman ,emperours the best were the best natur'd2 though they made but a small number1 and might be writ in a ,ring4 ,many of the rest were as bad ,men as ,princes2 ,humorists rather than of good humors1 and of good natural parts1 rather than of good natures3 which did but arm their bad inclinations1 and make them wittily wicked4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ac ,with what shift and pains we come into the ,world we remember not2 but 'tis commonly found no easy matter to get out of it4 ,many have studied to exasperate the ways of ,death1 but fewer hours have been spent to soften that necessity4 ,that the smoothest way unto the grave is made by bleeding1 as common opinion presumeth1 beside the sick and fainting ,languors which accompany that effusion1 the experiment in ,lucan and ,seneca will make us doubt2 under which the noble ,stoick so deeply laboured1 that1 to conceal his affliction1 he was fain to retire from the sight of his ,wife1 and not ashamed to implore the merciful hand of his ,physician to shorten his misery therein4 ,ovid1#cdi the old ,heroes1 and the ,stoicks1 who were so afraid of drowning1 as dreading thereby the extinction of their ,soul1 which they conceived to be a ,fire1 stood probably in fear of an easier way of ,death2 wherein the ,water1 entring the possessions of ,air1 makes a temperate suffocation1 and kills as it were without a fever4 ,surely many1 who have had the ,spirit to destroy themselves1 have not been ingenious in the contrivance thereof4 ',twas a dull way practised by ,themistocles#cej1 overwhelm himself with ,bulls-blood1 who1 being an ,athenian1 might have held an easier ,theory of ,death from the state potion of his ,country2 from which ,socrates in ,plato seemed not to suffer much more than from the fit of an ,ague4 ,cato is much to be pitied1 who mangled himself with poyniards2 and ,hannibal seems more subtle1 who carried his delivery1 not in the point but the pummel#cea of his ,sword4 #cdi ,demito naufragium1 mors mihi munus erit4 #cej ,plutarch4 #cea ,pummel1 wherein he is said to have carried something1 whereby upon a struggle or despair he might deliver himself from all misfortunes4 ,the ,egyptians were merciful contrivers1 who destroyed their malefactors by ,asps1 charming their senses into an invincible sleep1 and killing as it were with ,hermes his ,rod4 ,the ,turkish ,emperour1#ceb odious for other ,cruelty1 was herein a remarkable ,master of ,mercy1 killing his ,favorite in his sleep1 and sending him from the shade into the house of darkness4 ,he who had been thus destroyed would hardly have bled at the presence of his destroyer2 when ,men are already dead by metaphor1 and pass but from one sleep unto another1 wanting herein the eminent part of severity1 to feel themselves to dye1 and escaping the sharpest attendant of ,death1 the lively apprehension thereof4 ,but to learn to dye is better than to study the ways of dying4 ,death will find some ways to unty or cut the most ,gordian ,knots of ,life1 and make men's miseries as mortal as themselves3 whereas evil ,spirits1 as undying ,substances1 are unseparable from their calamities2 and therefore they everlastingly struggle under their ,angustia's1 and bound up with immortality can never get out of themselves4 #ceb ,solyman4 ,turkish history4 ,,part ,,iii ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #a ',tis hard to find a whole ,age to imitate1 or what ,century to propose for ,example4 ,some have been far more approveable than others3 but ,virtue and ,vice1 ,panegyricks and ,satyrs1 scatteringly to be found in all4 ,history sets down not only things laudable1 but abominable2 things which should never have been1 or never have been known3 ,so that noble patterns must be fetched here and there from single ,persons1 rather than whole ,nations1 and from all ,nations1 rather than any one4 ,the ,world was early bad1 and the first sin the most deplorable of any4 ,the younger ,world afforded the oldest ,men1 and perhaps the ,best and the ,worst1 when length of days made virtuous habits ,heroical and immoveable1 vitious1 inveterate1 and irreclaimable4 ,and since 'tis said the imaginations of their hearts were evil1 only evil1 and continually evil2 it may be feared that their sins held pace with their lives2 and their ,longevity swelling their ,impieties1 the ,longanimity of ,god would no longer endure such vivacious abominations4 ,their ,impieties were surely of a deep dye1 which required the whole ,element of ,water to wash them away1 and overwhelmed their memories with themselves2 and so shut up the first ,windows of ,time1 leaving no ,histories of those longevous generations1 when ,men might have been properly ,historians1 when ,adam might have read long ,lectures unto ,methuselah1 and ,methuselah unto ,noah4 ,for had we been happy in just ,historical accounts of that unparallel'd ,world1 we might have been acquainted with ,wonders2 and have understood not a little of the ,acts and undertakings of ,moses his mighty ,men1 and ,men of renown of old2 which might have enlarged our ,thoughts1 and made the ,world older unto us4 ,for the unknown part of time shortens the estimation1 if not the compute of it4 ,what hath escaped our ,knowledge falls not under our ,consideration1 and what is and will be latent is little better than non existent4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #b ,some things are dictated for our ,instruction1 some acted for our ,imitation1 wherein 'tis best to ascend unto the highest conformity1 and to the honour of the ,exemplar4 ,he honours ,god who imitates him4 ,for what we virtuously imitate we approve and ,admire2 and since we delight not to imitate ,inferiors1 we aggrandize and magnify those we imitate2 since also we are most apt to imitate those we love1 we testify our affection in our imitation of the ,inimitable4 ,to affect to be like may be no imitation4 ,to act1 and not to be what we pretend to imitate1 is but a mimical conformation1 and carrieth no ,virtue in it4 ,lucifer imitated not ,god1 when he said he would be like the ,highest1 and he imitated not ,jupiter1 who counterfeited ,thunder4 ,where ,imitation can go no farther1 let ,admiration step on1 whereof there is no end in the wisest form of ,men4 ,even ,angels and ,spirits have enough to admire in their sublimer ,natures1 ,admiration being the act of the ,creature and not of ,god1 who doth not ,admire himself4 ,created ,natures allow of swelling ,hyperboles2 nothing can be said ,hyperbolically of ,god1 nor will his ,attributes admit of expressions above their own ,exuperances4 ,trismegistus his ,circle1 whose center is every where1 and circumference no where1 was no ,hyperbole4 ,words cannot exceed1 where they cannot express enough4 ,even the most winged ,thoughts fall at the setting out1 and reach not the portal of ,divinity4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #c ,in ,bivious ,theorems1 and ,janus-faced ,doctrines1 let ,virtuous considerations state the determination4 ,look upon ,opinions as thou dost upon the ,moon1 and chuse not the dark hemisphere for thy contemplation4 ,embrace not the opacous and blind side of ,opinions1 but that which looks most ,luciferously or influentially unto ,goodness4 ',tis better to think that there are ,guardian ,spirits1 than that there are no ,spirits to ,guard us2 that vicious ,persons are ,slaves1 than that there is any servitude in ,virtue2 that times past have been better than times present1 than that times were always bad1 and that to be ,men it sufficeth to be no better than ,men in all ,ages1 and so promiscuously to swim down the turbid stream1 and make up the grand confusion4 ,sow not thy understanding with ,opinions1 which make nothing of ,iniquities1 and fallaciously extenuate ,transgressions4 ,look upon ,vices and vicious ,objects with ,hyperbolical ,eyes1 and rather enlarge their dimensions1 that their unseen ,deformities may not escape thy sense1 and their ,poysonous parts and stings may appear massy and monstrous unto thee2 for the undiscerned ,particles and ,atoms of ,evil deceive us1 and we are undone by the ,invisibles of seeming ,goodness4 ,we are only deceived in what is not discerned1 and to ,err is but to be ,blind or ,dim-sighted as to some ,perceptions4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #d ,to be ,honest in a right ,line1#cec and ,virtuous by ,epitome1 be firm unto such ,principles of ,goodness1 as carry in them ,volumes of instruction and may abridge thy ,labour4 ,and since instructions are many1 hold close unto those1 whereon the rest depend4 ,so may we have all in a few1 and the ,law and the ,prophets in a ,rule1 the ,sacred ,writ in ,stenography1 and the ,scripture in a ,nut-,shell4 ,to pursue the osseous and solid part of ,goodness1 which gives ,stability and ,rectitude to all the rest2 ,to settle on fundamental ,virtues1 and bid early defiance unto ,mother-vices1 which carry in their ,bowels the seminals of other ,iniquities1 makes a short cut in ,goodness1 and strikes not off an ,head but the whole ,neck of ,hydra4 ,for we are carried into the dark ,lake1 like the gyptian ,river into the ,sea1 by seven principal ,ostiaries4 ,the ,mother-,sins of that number are the ,deadly engins of ,evil ,spirits that undo us1 and even evil ,spirits themselves1 and he who is under the ,chains thereof is not without a possession4 ,mary ,magdalene had more than seven ,devils1 if these with their ,imps were in her1 and he who is thus possessed1 may literally be named ,legion4 ,where such ,plants grow and prosper1 look for no ,champain or ,region void of ,thorns1 but productions like the ,tree of ,goa1#ced and ,forrests of abomination4 #cec ,linea recta brevissima4 #ced ,arbor ,goa de ,ruyz1 or ficus ,indica1 whose branches send down shoots which root in the ground1 from whence there successively rise others1 till one ,tree becomes a wood4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #e ,guide not the ,hand of ,god1 nor order the ,finger of the ,almighty1 unto thy will and pleasure2 but sit quiet in the soft showers of ,providence1 and ,favourable distributions in this ,world1 either to thyself or others4 ,and since not only ,judgments have their ,errands1 but ,mercies their ,commissions2 snatch not at every ,favour1 nor think thy self passed by if they fall upon thy ,neighbour4 ,rake not up envious displacences at things successful unto others1 which the wise ,disposer of all thinks not fit for thy self4 ,reconcile the events of things unto both beings1 that is1 of this ,world and the next3 ,so will there not seem so many ,riddles in ,providence1 nor various inequalities in the dispensation of things below4 ,if thou dost not anoint thy ,face1 yet put not on sackcloth at the felicities of others4 ,repining at the ,good draws on rejoicing at the evils of others1 and so falls into that inhumane ,vice1#cee for which so few ,languages have a name4 ,the blessed ,spirits above rejoice at our happiness below3 but to be glad at the evils of one another1 is beyond the malignity of ,hell1 and falls not on evil ,spirits1 who1 though they rejoice at our unhappiness1 take no pleasure at the afflictions of their own ,society or of their fellow ,natures4 ,degenerous ,heads6 who must be fain to learn from such ,examples1 and to be ,taught from the ,school of ,hell4 #cee ,epichairekakia4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #f ,grain not thy vicious stains1 nor deepen those swart ,tinctures1 which ,temper1 ,infirmity1 or ill habits have set upon thee2 and fix not by iterated depravations what time might ,efface1 or ,virtuous washes expunge4 ,he1 who thus still advanceth in ,iniquity deepneth his deformed hue2 turns a ,shadow into ,night1 and makes himself a ,negro in the black ,jaundice2 and so becomes one of those ,lost ones1 the disproportionate pores of whose ,brains afford no entrance unto good ,motions1 but reflect and frustrate all ,counsels1 ,deaf unto the ,thunder of the ,laws1 and ,rocks unto the ,cries of charitable ,commiserators4 ,he who hath had the ,patience of ,diogenes1 to make ,orations unto ,statues1 may more sensibly apprehend how all ,words fall to the ,ground1 spent upon such a surd and ,earless ,generation of ,men1 stupid unto all ,instruction1 and rather requiring an ,exorcist1 than an ,orator for their ,conversion4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #g ,burden not the back of ,aries1 ,leo1 or ,taurus1 with thy faults2 nor make ,saturn1 ,mars1 or ,venus1 guilty of thy ,follies4 ,think not to fasten thy imperfections on the ,stars1 and so despairingly conceive thy self under a fatality of being evil4 ,calculate thy self within1 seek not thy self in the ,moon1 but in thine own ,orb or ,microcosmical ,circumference4 ,let celestial aspects admonish and advertise1 not conclude and determine thy ways4 ,for since good and bad stars moralize not our ,actions1 and neither excuse or commend1 acquit or condemn our ,good or ,bad ,deeds at the present or last ,bar1 since some are ,astrologically well disposed who are morally highly vicious2 not ,celestial ,figures1 but ,virtuous ,schemes must denominate and state our ,actions4 ,if we rightly understood the ,names whereby ,god calleth the ,stars1 if we knew his ,name for the ,dog-,star1 or by what appellation ,jupiter1 ,mars1 and ,saturn obey his ,will2 it might be a welcome accession unto ,astrology1 which speaks great things1 and is fain to make use of appellations from ,greek and ,barbarick ,systems4 ,whatever ,influences1 ,impulsions1 or ,inclinations there be from the ,lights above1 it were a piece of wisdom to make one of those ,wise men who overrule their ,stars1#cef and with their own ,militia contend with the ,host of ,heaven4 ,unto which attempt there want not ,auxiliaries from the whole strength of ,morality1 supplies from ,christian ,ethicks1 influences also and illuminations from above1 more powerfull than the ,lights of ,heaven4 #cef ,sapiens dominabitur ,astris4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #h ,confound not the distinctions of thy ,life which ,nature hath divided3 that is1 ,youth1 ,adolescence1 ,manhood1 and old ,age1 nor in these divided ,periods1 wherein thou art in a manner ,four1 conceive thyself but ,one4 ,let every division be happy in its proper ,virtues1 nor one ,vice run through all4 ,let each distinction have its salutary transition1 and critically deliver thee from the imperfections of the former1 so ordering the whole1 that ,prudence and ,virtue may have the largest section4 ,do as a ,child but when thou art a ,child1 and ride not on a ,reed at twenty4 ,he who hath not taken leave of the follies of his ,youth1 and in his maturer state scarce got out of that division1 disproportionately divideth his ,days1 crowds up the latter part of his ,life1 and leaves too narrow a corner for the ,age of ,wisdom1 and so hath room to be a ,man scarce longer than he hath been a ,youth4 ,rather than to make this confusion1 anticipate the ,virtues of ,age1 and live long without the infirmities of it4 ,so may'st thou count up thy ,days as some do ,adams1#ceg that is1 by anticipation2 so may'st thou be coetaneous unto thy ,elders1 and a ,father unto thy contemporaries4 #ceg ,adam thought to be created in the ,state of ,man1 about thirty years ,old4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #i ,while others are curious in the choice of good ,air1 and chiefly sollicitous for healthful habitations1 ,study thou ,conversation1 and be critical in thy ,consortion4 ,the aspects1 conjunctions1 and configurations of the ,stars1 which mutually diversify1 intend1 or qualify their influences1 are but the varieties of their nearer or farther conversation with one another1 and like the ,consortion of ,men1 whereby they become better or worse1 and even ,exchange their ,natures4 ,since men live by ,examples1 and will be imitating something2 order thy imitation to thy ,improvement1 not thy ,ruin4 ,look not for ,roses in ,attalus#ceh ,his ,garden1 or wholesome ,flowers in a venemous ,plantation4 ,and since there is scarce any one bad1 but some others are the worse for him2 tempt not ,contagion by proximity1 and hazard not thy self in the shadow of ,corruption4 ,he who hath not early suffered this ,shipwrack1 and in his ,younger ,days escaped this ,charybdis1 may make a happy ,voyage1 and not come in with black ,sails into the port4 ,self conversation1 or to be alone1 is better than such ,consortion4 ,some ,school-men tell us1 that he is properly alone1 with whom in the same place there is no other of the same ,species4 ,nabuchodonozor was alone1 though among the ,beasts of the field2 and a ,wise ,man may be tolerably said to be alone though with a ,rabble of ,people1 little better than ,beasts about him4 ,unthinking ,heads1 who have not learn'd to be alone1 are in a ,prison to themselves1 if they be not also with others3 ,whereas on the contrary1 they whose thoughts are in a fair1 and hurry within1 are sometimes fain to retire into ,company1 to be out of the crowd of themselves4 ,he who must needs have ,company1 must needs have sometimes bad ,company4 ,be able to be alone4 ,loose not the advantage of ,solitude1 and the ,society of thy self1 nor be only content1 but delight to be alone and single with ,omnipresency4 ,he who is thus prepared1 the ,day is not uneasy nor the ,night black unto him4 ,darkness may bound his ,eyes1 not his ,imagination4 ,in his ,bed he may ly1 like ,pompey#cei and his ,sons1 in all quarters of the ,earth1 may speculate the ,universe1 and enjoy the whole ,world in the ,hermitage of himself4 ,thus the old ,ascetick ,christians found a ,paradise in a ,desert1 and with little converse on ,earth held a conversation in ,heaven2 thus they ,astronomiz'd in ,caves1 and though they beheld not the ,stars1 had the ,glory of ,heaven before them4 #ceh ,attalus made a ,garden which contained only venemous plants4 #cei ,pompeios ,juvenes ,asia atque ,europa1 sed ipsum ,terra tegit ,libyes4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #aj ,let the ,characters of good things stand indelibly in thy ,mind1 and thy ,thoughts be active on them4 ,trust not too much unto suggestions from ,reminiscential ,amulets1 or artificial ,memorandums4 ,let the mortifying ,janus of ,covarrubias#cfj be in thy daily ,thoughts1 not only on thy ,hand and ,signets4 ,rely not alone upon silent and dumb remembrances4 ,behold not ,death's ,heads till thou doest not see them1 nor look upon mortifying ,objects till thou overlook'st them4 ,forget not how assuefaction unto any thing minorates the passion from it1 how constant ,objects loose their hints1 and steal an inadvertisement upon us4 ,there is no excuse to forget what every thing prompts unto us4 ,to thoughtful ,observators the whole ,world is a ,phylactery1 and every thing we see an ,item of the ,wisdom1 ,power1 or ,goodness of ,god4 ,happy are they who verify their ,amulets1 and make their ,phylacteries speak in their ,lives and ,actions4 ,to run on in despight of the ,revulsions and ,pul-backs of such ,remora's aggravates our transgressions4 ,when ,death's ,heads on our ,hands have no influence upon our ,heads1 and fleshless ,cadavers abate not the exorbitances of the ,flesh2 when ,crucifixes upon ,mens ,hearts suppress not their bad commotions1 and his ,image who was murdered for us with-holds not from ,blood and ,murder2 ,phylacteries prove but formalities1 and their despised hints sharpen our condemnations4 #cfj ,don ,sebastian de ,covarrubias1 writ #c ,centuries of moral ,emblems in ,spanish4 ,in the #hhth of the second ,century he sets down two ,faces averse1 and conjoined ,janus-like2 the one a ,gallant ,beautiful ,face1 the other a ,death's-,head ,face1 with this ,motto out of ,ovid's ,metamorphosis1 ,quid fuerim quid simque vide4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #aa ,look not for ,whales in the ,euxine ,sea1 or expect great matters where they are not to be found4 ,seek not for ,profundity in ,shallowness1 or ,fertility in a ,wilderness4 ,place not the expectation of great ,happiness here below1 or think to find ,heaven on ,earth2 wherein we must be content with ,embryon-felicities1 and fruitions of doubtful ,faces4 ,for the ,circle of our felicities makes but short ,arches4 ,in every clime we are in a periscian state1 and with our ,light our ,shadow and ,darkness walk about us4 ,our ,contentments stand upon the tops of ,pyramids ready to fall off1 and the insecurity of their enjoyments abrupteth our ,tranquillities4 ,what we magnify is ,magnificent1 but like to the ,colossus1 noble without1 stuft with rubbidge and coarse ,metal within4 ,even the ,sun1 whose ,glorious outside we behold1 may have dark and smoaky ,entrails4 ,in vain we admire the ,lustre of any thing seen3 that which is truly glorious is invisible4 ,paradise was but a part of the ,earth1 lost not only to our ,fruition but our ,knowledge4 ,and if1 according to old ,dictates1 no ,man can be said to be happy before ,death1 the happiness of this ,life goes for nothing before it be over1 and while we think ourselves happy we do but usurp that ,name4 ,certainly true ,beatitude groweth not on ,earth1 nor hath this ,world in it the ,expectations we have of it4 ,he ,swims in ,oyl1 and can hardly avoid sinking1 who hath such light ,foundations to support him4 ',tis therefore happy that we have two ,worlds to hold on4 ,to enjoy true happiness we must travel into a very far ,countrey1 and even out of our selves2 for the ,pearl we seek for is not to be found in the ,indian1 but in the ,empyrean ,ocean4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ab ,answer not the ,spur of ,fury1 and be not prodigal or prodigious in ,revenge4 ,make not one in the ,historia ,horribilis2#cfa ,flay not thy ,servant for a broken ,glass1 nor pound him in a ,mortar who offendeth thee2 supererogate not in the worst sense1 and overdo not the necessities of evil2 humour not the injustice of ,revenge4 ,be not ,stoically mistaken in the equality of sins1 nor commutatively iniquous in the valuation of transgressions2 but weigh them in the ,scales of ,heaven1 and by the weights of righteous ,reason4 ,think that ,revenge too high1 which is but level with the offence4 ,let thy ,arrows of ,revenge fly short1 or be aimed like those of ,jonathan1 to fall beside the mark4 ,too many there be to whom a ,dead ,enemy smells well1 and who find ,musk and ,amber in ,revenge4 ,the ferity of such minds holds no rule in ,retaliations1 requiring too often a ,head for a ,tooth1 and the ,supreme revenge for trespasses which a night's rest should obliterate4 ,but patient ,meekness takes injuries like ,pills1 not chewing but swallowing them down1 ,laconically suffering1 and silently passing them over1 while angered ,pride makes a noise1 like ,homerican ,mars#cfb1 at every scratch of offences4 ,since ,women do most delight in ,revenge1 it may seem but feminine manhood to be vindicative4 ,if thou must needs have thy ,revenge of thine ,enemy1 with a soft ,tongue break his ,bones1#cfc heap ,coals of ,fire on his ,head1 forgive him1 and enjoy it4 ,to forgive our ,enemies is a charming way of ,revenge1 and a short ,csarian ,conquest overcoming without a blow2 laying our ,enemies at our ,feet1 under sorrow1 shame1 and repentance2 leaving our ,foes our ,friends1 and solicitously inclined to grateful ,retaliations4 ,thus to ,return upon our ,adversaries is a healing way of ,revenge1 and to do good for evil a soft and melting ultion1 a method ,taught from ,heaven to keep all smooth on ,earth4 ,common forceable ways make not an end of ,evil1 but leave ,hatred and ,malice behind them4 ,an ,enemy thus reconciled is little to be trusted1 as wanting the foundation of ,love and ,charity1 and but for a time restrained by disadvantage or inability4 ,if thou hast not ,mercy for others1 yet be not ,cruel unto thy self4 ,to ruminate upon evils1 to make critical notes upon injuries1 and be too acute in their apprehensions1 is to add unto our own ,tortures1 to feather the ,arrows of our ,enemies1 to lash our selves with the ,scorpions of our ,foes1 and to resolve to sleep no more4 ,for injuries long dreamt on take away at last all rest2 and he sleeps but like ,regulus1 who busieth his ,head about them4 #cfa ,a ,book so intitled wherein are sundry horrid accounts4 #cfb ,tu miser exclamas1 ut ,stentora vincere possis1 ,vel potius quantum ,gradivus ,homericus4 ,juvenal4 #cfc ,a soft tongue breaketh the bones4 ,proverbs #be4 #ae4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ac ,amuse not thyself about the ,riddles of future things4 ,study ,prophecies when they are become ,histories1 and past hovering in their causes4 ,eye well things past and present1 and let conjectural sagacity suffice for things to come4 ,there is a sober ,latitude for prescience in contingences of discoverable ,tempers1 whereby discerning ,heads see sometimes beyond their ,eyes1 and ,wise ,men become ,prophetical4 ,leave ,cloudy predictions to their ,periods1 and let appointed ,seasons have the lot of their accomplishments4 ',tis too early to study such ,prophecies before they have been long made1 before some train of their causes have already taken ,fire1 laying open in part what lay obscure and before buryed unto us4 ,for the voice of ,prophecies is like that of ,whispering-places3 ,they who are near or at a little distance hear nothing1 those at the farthest extremity will understand all4 ,but a ,retrograde cognition of times past1 and things which have already been1 is more satisfactory than a suspended ,knowledge of what is yet unexistent4 ,and the ,greatest part of time being already wrapt up in things behind us2 it's now somewhat late to bait after things before us2 for futurity still shortens1 and time present sucks in time to come4 ,what is ,prophetical in one ,age proves ,historical in another1 and so must hold on unto the last of time2 when there will be no room for ,prediction1 when ,janus shall loose one ,face1 and the long beard of time shall look like those of ,david's ,servants1 shorn away upon one side1 and when1 if the expected ,elias should appear1 he might say much of what is past1 not much of what's to come4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ad ,live unto the ,dignity of thy ,nature1 and leave it not disputable at last1 whether thou hast been a ,man1 or since thou art a composition of ,man and ,beast1 how thou hast predominantly passed thy days1 to state the denomination4 ,un-man not therefore thy self by a ,beastial transformation1 nor realize old ,fables4 ,expose not thy self by four-footed manners unto monstrous draughts1 and ,caricatura representations4 ,think not after the old ,pythagorean conceit1 what ,beast thou may'st be after death4 ,be not under any ,brutal metempsychosis while thou livest1 and walkest about erectly under the scheme of ,man4 ,in thine own circumference1 as in that of the ,earth1 let the ,rational ,horizon be larger than the sensible1 and the ,circle of ,reason than of ,sense4 ,let the ,divine part be upward1 and the ,region of ,beast below4 ,otherwise1 'tis but to live invertedly1 and with thy ,head unto the ,heels of thy ,antipodes4 ,desert not thy title to a ,divine particle and union with invisibles4 ,let true ,knowledge and ,virtue tell the lower ,world thou art a part of the higher4 ,let thy ,thoughts be of things which have not entred into the ,hearts of ,beasts3 ,think of things long past1 and long to come3 ,acquaint thy self with the ,choragium of the ,stars1 and consider the vast expansion beyond them4 ,let ,intellectual ,tubes give thee a glance of things1 which visive ,organs reach not4 ,have a glimpse of incomprehensibles1 and ,thoughts of things1 which ,thoughts but tenderly touch4 ,lodge immaterials in thy ,head3 ascend unto invisibles3 fill thy ,spirit with ,spirituals1 with the mysteries of ,faith1 the magnalities of ,religion1 and thy ,life with the ,honour of ,god2 without which1 though ,giants in ,wealth and ,dignity1 we are but ,dwarfs and ,pygmies in ,humanity1 and may hold a pitiful rank in that triple division of mankind into ,heroes1 ,men1 and ,beasts4 ,for though human ,souls are said to be equal1 yet is there no small inequality in their operations2 some maintain the allowable ,station of ,men2 many are far below it2 and some have been so divine1 as to approach the ,apogeum of their ,natures1 and to be in the ,confinium of ,spirits4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ae ,behold thy self by inward ,opticks and the ,crystalline of thy ,soul4 ,strange it is that in the most perfect sense there should be so many fallacies1 that we are fain to make a doctrine1 and often to see by ,art4 ,but the greatest imperfection is in our inward sight1 that is1 to be ,ghosts unto our own ,eyes1 and while we are so sharp sighted as to look thorough others1 to be invisible unto our selves2 for the inward ,eyes are more fallacious than the outward4 ,the ,vices we scoff at in others laugh at us within our selves4 ,avarice1 ,pride1 ,falshood lye undiscerned and blindly in us1 even to the ,age of blindness3 and therefore to see our selves interiourly1 we are fain to borrow other ,mens ,eyes2 wherein true ,friends are good ,informers1 and ,censurers no bad ,friends4 ,conscience only1 that can see without ,light1 sits in the ,areopagy and dark ,tribunal of our ,hearts1 surveying our ,thoughts and condemning their obliquities4 ,happy is that ,state of ,vision that can see without ,light1 though all should look as before the ,creation1 when there was not an ,eye to see1 or ,light to actuate a ,vision3 wherein notwithstanding obscurity is only imaginable respectively unto ,eyes2 for unto ,god there was none1 ,eternal ,light was ever1 created ,light was for the creation1 not himself1 and as he saw before the ,sun1 may still also see without it4 ,in the ,city of the new ,jerusalem there is neither ,sun nor ,moon2 where glorifyed ,eyes must see by the ,archetypal ,sun1 or the ,light of ,god1 able to illuminate ,intellectual ,eyes1 and make unknown ,visions4 ,intuitive perceptions in ,spiritual beings may perhaps hold some ,analogy unto ,vision3 but yet how they see us1 or one another1 what ,eye1 what ,light1 or what perception is required unto their intuition1 is yet dark unto our apprehension2 and even how they see ,god1 or how unto our glorified ,eyes the ,beatifical ,vision will be celebrated1 another ,world must tell us1 when perceptions will be new1 and we may hope to behold invisibles4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #af ,when all looks fair about1 and thou seest not a cloud so big as a ,hand to threaten thee1 forget not the ,wheel of things3 ,think of sullen vicissitudes1 but beat not thy brains to fore-know them4 ,be armed against such obscurities1 rather by submission than fore-knowledge4 ,the ,knowledge of future evils mortifies present felicities1 and there is more content in the uncertainty or ignorance of them4 ,this favour our ,saviour vouchsafed unto ,peter1 when he fore-told not his ,death in plain terms1 and so by an ambiguous and cloudy delivery dampt not the ,spirit of his ,disciples4 ,but in the assured fore-knowledge of the deluge1 ,noah lived many ,years under the affliction of a ,flood2 and ,jerusalem was taken unto ,jeremy1 before it was besieged4 ,and therefore the ,wisdom of ,astrologers1 who speak of future things1 hath wisely softned the severity of their ,doctrines2 and even in their sad predictions1 while they tell us of inclination not coaction from the ,stars1 they ,kill us not with ,stygian oaths and merciless necessity1 but leave us hopes of evasion4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ag ,if thou hast the brow to endure the ,name of ,traytor1 ,perjur'd1 or ,oppressor1 yet cover thy ,face when ,ingratitude is thrown at thee4 ,if that degenerous ,vice possess thee1 hide thy self in the shadow of thy shame1 and pollute not noble society4 ,grateful ,ingenuities are content to be obliged within some compass of ,retribution1 and being depressed by the weight of iterated favours may so labour under their inabilities of ,requital1 as to abate the content from ,kindnesses4 ,but narrow self-ended ,souls make prescription of good ,offices1 and obliged by often favours think others still due unto them3 whereas1 if they but once fail1 they prove so perversely ungrateful1 as to make nothing of common courtesies1 and to bury all that's past4 ,such tempers pervert the generous course of things2 for they discourage the inclinations of noble minds1 and make ,beneficency cool unto acts of obligation1 whereby the grateful ,world should subsist1 and have their consolation4 ,common gratitude must be kept alive by the additionary fewel of new courtesies3 but generous ,gratitudes1 though but once well obliged1 without quickening repetitions or expectation of new ,favours1 have thankful minds for ever2 for they write not their obligations in sandy but marble memories1 which wear not out but with themselves4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ah ,think not ,silence the wisdom of ,fools1 but1 if rightly timed1 the honour of ,wise ,men1 who have not the ,infirmity1 but the ,virtue of ,taciturnity1 and speak not out of the abundance1 but the well weighted thoughts of their ,hearts4 ,such silence may be ,eloquence1 and speak thy worth above the power of ,words4 ,make such a one thy friend1 in whom ,princes may be happy1 and great ,councels successful4 ,let him have the ,key of thy ,heart1 who hath the ,lock of his own1 which no ,temptation can open2 where thy ,secrets may lastingly ly1 like the lamp in ,olybius his ,urn1#cfd alive1 and light1 but close and invisible4 #cfd ,which after many hundred years was found burning under ground1 and went out as soon as the air came to it4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ai ,let thy ,oaths be sacred1 and ,promises be made upon the ,altar of thy ,heart4 ,call not ,jove#cfe to witness with a ,stone in one ,hand1 and a ,straw in another1 and so make ,chaff and ,stubble of thy ,vows4 ,worldly ,spirits1 whose interest is their belief1 make ,cobwebs of ,obligations1 and1 if they can find ways to elude the ,urn of the ,prtor1 will trust the ,thunderbolt of ,jupiter3 ,and therefore if they should as deeply swear as ,osman to ,bethlem ,gabor3#cff yet whether they would be bound by those chains1 and not find ways to cut such ,gordian ,knots1 we could have no just assurance4 ,but ,honest ,mens ,words are ,stygian ,oaths1 and ,promises inviolable4 ,these are not the ,men for whom the fetters of ,law were first forged3 they needed not the solemness of ,oaths2 by keeping their ,faith they swear1#cfg and evacuate such confirmations4 #cfe ,jovem lapidem jurare4 #cff ,see the oath of ,sultan ,osman in his life1 in the addition to ,knolls his ,turkish history4 #cfg ,colendo fidem jurant4--,curtius4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bj ,though the ,world be ,histrionical1 and most ,men live ,ironically1 yet be thou what thou singly art1 and personate only thy self4 ,swim smoothly in the stream of thy ,nature1 and live but one ,man4 ,to single ,hearts doubling is discruciating3 such tempers must sweat to dissemble1 and prove but hypocritical ,hypocrites4 ,simulation must be short3 ,men do not easily continue a counterfeiting ,life1 or dissemble unto ,death4 ,he who counterfeiteth1 acts a part2 and is as it were out of himself3 which1 if long1 proves so irksome1 that ,men are glad to pull of their ,vizards1 and resume themselves again2 no practice being able to naturalize such unnaturals1 or make a ,man rest content not to be himself4 ,and therefore since ,sincerity is thy ,temper1 let veracity be thy ,virtue in ,words1 ,manners1 and ,actions4 ,to offer at iniquities1 which have so little foundations in thee1 were to be vitious up hill1 and strain for thy condemnation4 ,persons vitiously inclined1 want no ,wheels to make them actively vitious1 as having the ,elater and ,spring of their own ,natures to facilitate their ,iniquities4 ,and therefore so many1 who are sinistrous unto ,good ,actions1 are ,ambi-dexterous unto bad2 and ,vulcans in virtuous paths1 ,achilleses in vitious motions4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #ba ,rest not in the high strain'd ,paradoxes of old ,philosophy supported by naked ,reason1 and the reward of mortal ,felicity1 but labour in the ,ethicks of ,faith1 built upon ,heavenly assistance1 and the happiness of both beings4 ,understand the ,rules1 but swear not unto the doctrines of ,zeno or ,epicurus4 ,look beyond ,antoninus1 and terminate not thy morals in ,seneca or ,epictetus4 ,let not the twelve1 but the two ,tables be thy ,law3 ,let ,pythagoras be thy ,remembrancer1 not thy textuary and final ,instructer2 and learn the ,vanity of the ,world rather from ,solomon than ,phocylides4 ,sleep not in the ,dogma's of the ,peripatus1 ,academy1 or ,porticus4 ,be a moralist of the ,mount1 an ,epictetus in the ,faith1 and christianize thy ,notions4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bb ,in seventy or eighty years a ,man may have a deep ,gust of the ,world1 ,know what it is1 what it can afford1 and what 'tis to have been a ,man4 ,such a latitude of years may hold a considerable corner in the general ,map of ,time2 and a ,man may have a curt ,epitome of the whole course thereof in the days of his own life1 may clearly see he hath but acted over his ,fore-fathers2 what it was to live in ,ages past1 and what living will be in all ages to come4 ,he is like to be the best judge of ,time who hath lived to see about the sixtieth part thereof4 ,persons of short times may ,know what 'tis to live1 but not the life of ,man1 who1 having little behind them1 are but ,januses of one face1 and ,know not singularities enough to raise ,axioms of this ,world3 but such a compass of ,years will shew new ,examples of old ,things1 ,parallelisms of occurrences through the whole course of ,time1 and nothing be monstrous unto him2 who may in that time understand not only the varieties of ,men1 but the variation of himself1 and how many ,men he hath been in that extent of time4 ,he may have a close apprehension what it is to be forgotten1 while he hath lived to find none who could remember his ,father1 or scarce the friends of his youth1 and may sensibly see with what a face in no long time oblivion will look upon himself4 ,his ,progeny may never be his ,posterity2 he may go out of the ,world less related than he came into it2 and considering the frequent mortality in ,friends and ,relations1 in such a ,term of ,time1 he may pass away divers years in sorrow and black habits1 and leave none to mourn for himself2 ,orbity may be his inheritance1 and ,riches his ,repentance4 ,in such a thred of ,time1 and long observation of ,men1 he may acquire a ,physiognomical intuitive ,knowledge1 ,judge the interiors by the outside1 and raise conjectures at first sight2 and knowing what ,men have been1 what they are1 what ,children probably will be1 may in the present ,age behold a good part1 and the temper of the next2 and since so many live by the ,rules of ,constitution1 and so few overcome their temperamental ,inclinations1 make no improbable predictions4 ,such a portion of ,time will afford a large prospect backward1 and ,authentick ,reflections how far he hath performed the great intention of his ,being1 in the ,honour of his ,maker2 whether he hath made good the ,principles of his ,nature1 and what he was made to be2 what ,characteristick and special ,mark he hath left1 to be observable in his ,generation2 whether he hath ,lived to purpose or in vain1 and what he hath added1 acted1 or performed1 that might considerably speak him a ,man4 ,in such an ,age ,delights will be undelightful and ,pleasures grow stale unto him2 ,antiquated ,theorems will revive1 and ,solomon's ,maxims be ,demonstrations unto him2 ,hopes or presumptions be over1 and despair grow up of any satisfaction below4 ,and having been long tossed in the ,ocean of this ,world1 he will by that time feel the ,in-draught of another1 unto which this seems but preparatory1 and without it of no high value4 ,he will experimentally find the ,emptiness of all things1 and the nothing of what is past2 and wisely grounding upon true ,christian ,expectations1 finding so much past1 will wholly fix upon what is to come4 ,he will long for ,perpetuity1 and live as though he made haste to be happy4 ,the last may prove the prime part of his ,life1 and those his best days which he lived nearest ,heaven4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bc ,live happy in the ,elizium of a virtuously composed ,mind1 and let ,intellectual ,contents exceed the ,delights wherein mere ,pleasurists place their ,paradise4 ,bear not too slack reins upon ,pleasure1 nor let complexion or contagion betray thee unto the exorbitancy of ,delight4 ,make ,pleasure thy ,recreation or intermissive ,relaxation1 not thy ,diana1 ,life and ,profession4 ,voluptuousness is as insatiable as ,covetousness4 ,tranquillity is better than ,jollity1 and to appease pain than to invent pleasure4 ,our hard entrance into the world1 our miserable going out of it1 our sicknesses1 disturbances1 and sad ,rencounters in it1 do clamorously tell us we come not into the ,world to run a ,race of ,delight1 but to perform the sober ,acts and serious purposes of ,man2 which to omit were foully to miscarry in the advantage of humanity1 to play away an uniterable ,life1 and to have lived in vain4 ,forget not the capital end1 and frustrate not the opportunity of once ,living4 ,dream not of any kind of ,metempsychosis or transanimation1 but into thine own body1 and that after a long time1 and then also unto wail or bliss1 according to thy first and fundamental ,life4 ,upon a curricle in this ,world depends a long course of the next1 and upon a narrow ,scene here an endless expansion hereafter4 ,in vain some think to have an end of their ,beings with their ,lives4 ,things cannot get out of their natures1 or be or not be in despite of their constitutions4 ,rational existences in ,heaven perish not at all1 and but partially on ,earth3 ,that which is thus once will in some way be always3 ,the first ,living human ,soul is still alive1 and all ,adam hath found no ,period4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bd ,since the ,stars of ,heaven do differ in ,glory2 since it hath pleased the ,almighty hand to honour the ,north ,pole with ,lights above the ,south2 since there are some ,stars so bright that they can hardly be looked on1 some so dim that they can scarce be seen1 and vast numbers not to be seen at all even by ,artificial ,eyes2 ,read thou the ,earth in ,heaven1 and things below from above4 ,look contentedly upon the scattered difference of things1 and expect not equality in lustre1 dignity1 or perfection1 in ,regions or ,persons below2 where numerous numbers must be content to stand like ,lacteous or ,nebulous ,stars1 little taken notice of1 or dim in their generations4 ,all which may be contentedly allowable in the affairs and ends of this ,world1 and in suspension unto what will be in the order of things hereafter1 and the new ,systeme of ,mankind which will be in the ,world to come2 when the last may be the first and the first the last2 when ,lazarus may sit above ,csar1 and the just obscure on ,earth shall shine like the ,sun in ,heaven2 when personations shall cease1 and ,histrionism of happiness be over2 when ,reality shall rule1 and all shall be as they shall be for ever4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #be ,when the ,stoick said that life would not be accepted if it were offered unto such as knew it1#cfh he spoke too meanly of that state of being which placeth us in the form of ,men4 ,it more depreciates the value of this life1 that ,men would not live it over again2 for although they would still live on1 yet few or none can endure to think of being twice the same ,men upon ,earth1 and some had rather never have lived than to tread over their days once more4 ,cicero in a prosperous state had not the patience to think of beginning in a cradle again4 ,job would not only curse the day of his ,nativity1 but also of his ,renascency1 if he were to act over his ,disasters1 and the miseries of the ,dunghil4 ,but the greatest under-weening of this ,life is to undervalue that1 unto which this is but ,exordial or a ,passage leading unto it4 ,the great advantage of this mean life is thereby to stand in a capacity of a better2 for the ,colonies of ,heaven must be drawn from ,earth1 and the ,sons of the first ,adam are only heirs unto the second4 ,thus ,adam came into this ,world with the power also of another1 nor only to replenish the ,earth1 but the everlasting ,mansions of ,heaven4 ,where we were when the foundations of the earth were lay'd1 when the morning ,stars sang together1#cfi and all the ,sons of ,god shouted for ,joy1 ,he must answer who asked it2 who understands ,entities of preordination1 and beings yet unbeing2 who hath in his ,intellect the ,ideal ,existences of things1 and ,entities before their ,extances4 ,though it looks but like an imaginary kind of existency to be before we are2 yet since we are under the decree or prescience of a sure and ,omnipotent ,power1 it may be somewhat more than a non-entity to be in that mind1 unto which all things are present4 #cfh ,vitam nemo acciperet si daretur scientibus4--,seneca4 #cfi ,job #ch4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bf ,if the end of the ,world shall have the same foregoing ,signs1 as the period of ,empires1 ,states1 and ,dominions in it1 that is1 ,corruption of ,manners1 inhuman degenerations1 and deluge of iniquities2 it may be doubted whether that final time be so far of1 of whose day and hour there can be no prescience4 ,but while all men doubt1 and none can determine how long the ,world shall last1 some may wonder that it hath spun out so long and unto our days4 ,for if the ,almighty had not determin'd a fixed duration unto it1 according to his mighty and merciful designments in it1 if he had not said unto it1 as he did unto a part of it1 hitherto shalt thou go and no farther2 if we consider the incessant and cutting provocations from the ,earth1 it is not without amazement how his patience hath permitted so long a continuance unto it1 how he1 who cursed the ,earth in the first days of the first ,man1 and drowned it in the tenth ,generation after1 should thus lastingly contend with ,flesh and yet defer the last flames4 ,for since he is sharply provoked every moment1 yet punisheth to pardon1 and forgives to forgive again2 what patience could be content to act over such vicissitudes1 or accept of repentances which must have after penitences1 his goodness can only tell us4 ,and surely if the patience of ,heaven were not proportionable unto the provocations from ,earth2 there needed an ,intercessor not only for the sins1 but the duration of this ,world1 and to lead it up unto the present computation4 ,without such a merciful ,longanimity1 the ,heavens would never be so aged as to grow old like a ,garment2 it were in vain to infer from the ,doctrine of the ,sphere1 that the time might come when ,capella1 a noble ,northern ,star1 would have its motion in the quator1 that the ,northern ,zodiacal ,signs would at length be the ,southern1 the ,southern the ,northern1 and ,capricorn become our ,cancer4 ,however therefore the ,wisdom of the ,creator hath ordered the duration of the ,world1 yet since the end thereof brings the accomplishment of our happiness1 since some would be content that it should have no end1 since ,evil ,men and ,spirits do fear it may be too short1 since ,good ,men hope it may not be too long2 the prayer of the ,saints under the ,altar will be the supplication of the ,righteous ,world4 ,that his mercy would abridge their languishing ,expectation and hasten the accomplishment of their happy state to come4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bg ,though ,good ,men are often taken away from the ,evil to come1 though some in evil days have been glad that they were old1 nor long to behold the iniquities of a wicked ,world1 or ,judgments threatened by them2 yet is it no small satisfaction unto honest minds to leave the ,world in virtuous well temper'd times1 under a prospect of good to come1 and continuation of worthy ways acceptable unto ,god and ,man4 ,men who dye in deplorable days1 which they regretfully behold1 have not their ,eyes closed with the like content2 while they cannot avoid the thoughts of proceeding or growing enormities1 displeasing unto that ,spirit unto whom they are then going1 whose honour they desire in all times and throughout all generations4 ,if ,lucifer could be freed from his dismal place1 he would little care though the rest were left behind4 ,too many there may be of ,nero's mind1 who1 if their own turn were served1 would not regard what became of others1 and1 when they dye themselves1 care not if all perish4 ,but good ,mens wishes extend beyond their lives1 for the happiness of times to come1 and never to be known unto them4 ,and therefore while so many question prayers for the dead1 they charitably pray for those who are not yet alive2 they are not so enviously ambitious to go to ,heaven by themselves3 they cannot but humbly wish1 that the little ,flock might be greater1 the narrow ,gate wider1 and that1 as many are called1 so not a few might be chosen4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bh ,that a greater number of ,angels remained in ,heaven1 than fell from it1 the ,school-men will tell us2 that the number of blessed ,souls will not come short of that vast number of fallen ,spirits1 we have the favorable calculation of others4 ,what ,age or ,century hath sent most ,souls unto ,heaven1 he can tell who vouchsafeth that honour unto them4 ,though the ,number of the blessed must be compleat before the ,world can pass away1 yet since the ,world it self seems in the wane1 and we have no such comfortable prognosticks of ,latter times1 since a greater part of time is spun than is to come1 and the blessed ,roll already much replenished2 happy are those pieties1 which solicitously look about1 and hasten to make one of that already much filled and abbreviated ,list to come4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #bi ,think not thy time short in this ,world since the ,world it self is not long4 ,the created ,world is but a small ,parenthesis in ,eternity2 and a short interposition for a time between such a state of duration1 as was before it and may be after it4 ,and if we should allow of the old ,tradition that the world should last ,six ,thousand years1 it could scarce have the name of old1 since the first ,man lived near a sixth part thereof1 and seven ,methusela's would exceed its whole duration4 ,however1 to palliate the shortness of our ,lives1 and somewhat to compensate our brief term in this ,world1 it's good to know as much as we can of it2 and also1 so far as possibly in us lieth1 to hold such a ,theory of times past1 as though we had seen the same4 ,he who hath thus considered the ,world1 as also how therein things long past have been answered by things present1 how matters in one ,age have been acted over in another1 and how there is nothing new under the ,sun1 may conceive himself in some manner to have lived from the beginning1 and to be as old as the ,world2 and if he should still live on 'twould be but the same thing4 ,sidenote3 ,,sect4 #cj ,lastly1 if length of ,days be thy ,portion1 make it not thy ,expectation4 ,reckon not upon long ,life3 think every day the last1 and live always beyond thy account4 ,he that so often surviveth his ,expectation lives many ,lives1 and will scarce complain of the shortness of his days4 ,time past is gone like a ,shadow2 make time to come present4 ,approximate thy latter times by present apprehensions of them3 be like a neighbour unto the ,grave1 and think there is but little to come4 ,and since there is something of us that will still live on1 join both lives together1 and live in one but for the other4 ,he who thus ordereth the purposes of this ,life will never be far from the next1 and is in some manner already in it1 by a happy conformity1 and close apprehension of it4 ,and if1 as we have elsewhere declared1 any have been so happy as personally to understand ,christian ,annihilation1 ,extasy1 ,exolution1 ,transformation1 the ,kiss of the ,spouse1 and ,ingression into the ,divine ,shadow1 according to ,mystical ,theology1 they have already had an handsome ,anticipation of ,heaven2 the ,world is in a manner over1 and the ,earth in ,ashes unto them4 ,,notes ,,on ,,certain ,,birds ,,and ,,fishes ,,found ,,in ,,norfolk ,,notes ,,on ,,certain ,,birds ,,found ,,in ,,norfolk4 ,i willingly obey your commands in setting down such birds fishes and other animals which for many years ,i have observed in ,norfolk4 ,beside the ordinarie birds which keep constantly in the country many are discouerable both in winter and summer which are of a migrant nature and exchange their seats according to the season4 ,those which come in the spring coming for the most part from the southward those which come in the ,autumn or winter from the northward4 ,so that they are obserued to come in great flocks with a north east wind and to depart with a south west4 ,nor to come only in flocks of one kind butt teals woodcocks felfars thrushes and small birds to come and light together1 for the most part some hawkes and birds of pray attending them4 ,the great and noble kind of ,agle calld ,aquila ,gesneri ,i have not seen in this country but one ,i met with in this country brought from ,ireland which ,i kept #b yeares1 feeding it with whelpes cattes ratts and the like1 in all that while not giving it any water which ,i afterwards presented unto my worthy friend ,dr ,scarburgh4 ,of other sorts of ,agles there are severall kinds especially of the ,halytus or fenne ,agles some of #c yards and a quarter from the extremitie of the wings1 whereof one being taken aliue grewe so tame that it went about the yard feeding on fish redherrings flesh and any offells without the least trouble4 ,there is also a lesser sort of ,agle called an ospray which houers about the fennes and broads and will dippe his claws and take up a fish oftimes for which his foote is made of an extraordinarie roughnesse for the better fastening and holding of it and the like they will do unto cootes4 ,aldrovandus takes particular notice of the great number of ,kites about ,london and about the ,thames4 ,wee are not without them heare though not in such numbers4 ,there are also the gray and bald ,buzzard of all which the great number of broad waters and warrens makes no small number and more than in woodland counties4 ,cranes are often seen here in hard winters especially about the champian and feildie part it seems they have been more plentifull for in a bill of fare when the maior entertaind the duke of norfolk ,i meet with ,cranes in a dish4 ,in hard winters elkes a kind of wild swan are seen in no small numbers1 in whom and not in common swans is remarkable that strange recurvation of the windpipe through the sternon1 and the same is also obseruable in cranes4 ,tis probable they come very farre for all the northern discouerers have obserued them in the remotest parts and like diuers other northern birds if the winter bee mild they commonly come no further southward then ,scotland2 if very hard they go lower and seeke more southern places4 ,which is the cause that sometimes wee see them not before christmas or the hardest time of winter4 ,a white large and strong billd fowle called a ,ganet which seemes to bee the greater sort of ,larus1 whereof ,i met with one kild by a greyhound neere ,swaffam another in marshland while it fought and would not bee forced to take wing1 another intangled in an herring net which taken aliue was fed with herrings for a while4 ,it may be named ,larus maior ,leucophopterus as being white and the top of the wings browne4 ,in hard winters ,i have also met with that large and strong billd fowle which ,clusius describeth by the name of ,skua ,hoyeri sent him from the ,faro ,island by ,hoierus a physitian1 one whereof was shot at ,hickling while #b thereof were feeding upon a dead horse4 ,as also that large and strong billd fowle spotted like a starling which ,clusius nameth ,mergus maior farroensis as frequently the ,faro islands seated above ,shetland1 one whereof ,i sent unto my worthy friend ,dr ,scarburgh4 ,here is also the pica marina or seapye1 many sorts of ,lari1 seamewes and cobs2 the ,larus maior in great abundance in herring time about ,yarmouth4 ,larus alba or puets in such plentie about ,horsey that they sometimes bring them in carts to ,norwich and sell them at small rates1 and the country people make use of their egges in puddings and otherwise4 ,great plentie thereof haue bred about ,scoulton meere1 and from thence sent to ,london4 ,larus cinereus greater and smaller1 butt a coars meat2 commonly called sternes4 ,hirundo marina or sea swallowe a neat white and forked tayle bird butt longer then a swallowe4 ,the ciconia or stork ,i have seen in the fennes and some haue been shot in the marshes between this and ,yarmouth4 ,the platea or shouelard1 which build upon the topps of high trees4 ,they haue formerly built in the ,hernerie at ,claxton and ,reedham now at ,trimley in ,suffolk4 ,they come in ,march and are shot by fowlers not for their meat butt the handsomenesse of the same1 remarkable in their white colour copped crowne and spoone or spatule like bill4 ,corvus marinus1 cormorants1 building at ,reedham upon trees from whence ,king ,charles the first was wont to bee supplyed4 ,beside the ,rock cormorant which breedeth in the rocks in northerne countries and cometh to us in the winter1 somewhat differing from the other in largenesse and whitenesse under the wings4 ,a sea fowl called a shearwater1 somewhat billed like a cormorant butt much lesser a strong and feirce fowle houering about shipps when they cleanse their fish4 #b were kept #f weekes cramming them with fish which they would not feed on of themselues4 ,the seamen told mee they had kept them #c weekes without meat1 and ,i giuing ouer to feed them found they liued #af dayes without taking any thing4 ,barnacles ,brants ,branta are common sheldrakes sheledracus jonstoni4 ,barganders a noble coloured fowle vulpanser which breed in cunny burrowes about ,norrold and other places4 ,wild geese ,anser ferus4 ,scoch goose ,anser scoticus4 ,goshander4 merganser4 ,mergus acutirostris speciosus or ,loone an handsome and specious fowle cristated and with diuided finne feet placed very backward and after the manner of all such which the ,duch call ,arsvoote4 ,they haue a peculiar formation in the leggebone which hath a long and sharpe processe extending aboue the thigh bone4 ,they come about ,april and breed in the broad waters so making their nest on the water that their egges are seldom drye while they are sett on4 ,mergus acutarostris cinereus which seemeth to bee a difference of the former4 ,mergus minor the smaller diuers or dabchicks in riuers and broade waters4 ,mergus serratus the saw billd diuer bigger and longer than a duck distinguished from other diuers by a notable sawe bill to retaine its slipperie pray as liuing much upon eeles whereof we haue seldome fayled to find some in their bellies4 ,diuers other sorts of diuefowle more remarkable the mustela fusca and mustela variegata the graye dunne and the variegated or partie coloured wesell so called from the resemblance it beareth vnto a wesell in the head4 ,many sorts of wild ducks which passe under names well knowne unto the fowlers though of no great signification as smee widgeon ,arts ankers noblets4 ,the most remarkable are ,anas platyrinchos a remarkably broad bild duck4 ,and the sea phaysant holding some resemblance unto that bird in some fethers in the tayle4 ,teale ,querquedula1 wherein scarce any place more abounding1 the condition of the country and the very many decoys especially between ,norwich and the sea making this place very much to abound in wild fowle4 ,fulic cott cootes in very great flocks upon the broad waters4 ,upon the appearance of a ,kite or buzzard ,i have seen them vnite from all parts of the shoare in strange numbers when if the ,kite stoopes neare them they will fling up spred such a flash of water up with there wings that they will endanger the ,kite1 and so keepe him of agayne and agayne in open opposition1 and an handsome prouision they make about their nest agaynst the same bird of praye by bending and twining the rushes and reedes so about them that they cannot stoope at their yong ones or the damme while she setteth4 ,gallinula aquatica more hens4 ,and a kind of ,ralla aquatica or water ,rayle4 ,an onocrotalus or pelican shott upon ,horsey fenne #affc ,may #bb which stuffed and cleansed ,i yet retaine4 ,it was #c yards and half between the extremities of the wings the chowle and beake answering the vsuall description the extremities of the wings for a spanne deepe browne the rest of the body white1 a fowle which none could remember upon this coast4 ,about the same time ,i heard one of the kings pellicans was lost at ,st ,james'1 perhaps this might bee the same4 ,anas ,arctica clusii which though hee placeth about the ,faro ,islands is the same wee call a puffin common about ,anglisea in ,wales and sometimes taken upon our seas not sufficiently described by the name of puffinus the bill being so remarkably differing from other ducks and not horizontally butt meridionally formed to feed in the clefts of the rocks of insecks1 shell-fish and others4 ,the great number of riuers riuulets and plashes of water makes hernes and herneries to abound in these parts1 yong hensies being esteemed a festiuall dish and much desired by some palates4 ,the ,ardea stellaris botaurus1 or bitour is also common and esteemed the better dish4 ,in the belly of one ,i found a frog in an hard frost at christmas4 another ,i kept in a garden #b yeares feeding it with fish mice and frogges1 in defect whereof making a scrape for sparrowes and small birds1 the bitour made shifft to maintaine herself upon them4 ,bistard or ,bustards are not vnfrequent in the champain and feildie part of this country a large ,bird accounted a dayntie dish1 obseruable in the strength of the brest bone and short heele layes an egge much larger then a ,turkey4 ,morinellus or ,dotterell about ,thetford and the champain which comes vnto us in ,september and ,march staying not long1 and is an excellent dish4 ,there is also a sea dotterell somewhat lesse butt better coloured then the former4 ,godwyts taken chiefly in marshland1 though other parts not without them accounted the dayntiest dish in ,england and ,i think for the bignesse1 of the biggest price4 ,gnats or ,knots a small bird which taken with netts grow excessively fatt4 ,if being mewed and fed with corne a candle lighted in the roome they feed day and night1 and when they are at their hight of fattnesse they beginne to grow lame and are then killed or as at their prime and apt to decline4 ,erythropus or ,redshanck a bird common in the marshes and of common food butt no dayntie dish4 ,a may chitt a small dark gray bird litle bigger then a stint of fatnesse beyond any4 ,it comes in ,may into marshland and other parts and abides not aboue a moneth or #f weekes4 ,another small bird somewhat larger than a stint called a churre and is commonly taken amongst them4 ,stints in great numbers about the seashore and marshes about ,stifkey ,burnham and other parts4 ,pluuialis or plouer green and graye in great plentie about ,thetford and many other heaths4 ,they breed not with us butt in some parts of ,scotland1 and plentifully in ,island ,iceland4 ,the lapwing or vannellus common ouer all the heaths4 ,cuccowes of #b sorts the one farre exceeding the other in bignesse4 ,some have attempted to keepe them in warme roomes all the winter butt it hath not succeeded4 ,in their migration they range very farre northward for in the summer they are to bee found as high as ,island4 ,avis pugnax4 ,ruffes a marsh bird of the greatest varietie of colours euery one therein somewhat varying from other4 ,the female is called a ,reeve without any ruffe about the neck1 lesser then the other and hardly to bee got4 ,they are almost all cocks and putt together fight and destroy each other1 and prepare themselues to fight like cocks though they seeme to haue no other offensive part butt the bill4 ,they loose theire ,ruffes about the ,autumne or beginning of winter as wee haue obserued keeping them in a garden from may till the next spring4 ,they most abound in ,marshland butt are also in good number in the marshes between ,norwich and ,yarmouth4 ,of picus martius or woodspeck many kinds4 ,the green the ,red the ,leucomelanus or neatly marked black and white and the cinereus or dunne calld little bird calld a nuthack1 remarkable in the larger are the hardnesse of the bill and skull and the long nerues which tend vnto the tongue whereby it strecheth out the tongue aboue an inch out of the mouth and so licks up insecks4 ,they make the holes in trees without any consideration of the winds or quarters of heauen butt as the rottenesse thereof best affordeth conuenience4 ,black heron black on both sides the bottom of the neck white gray on the outside spotted all along with black on the inside a black coppe of small feathers some a spanne long1 bill poynted and yallowe #c inches long4 ,back heron coloured intermixed with long white fethers4 ,the flying fethers black4 ,the brest black and white most black4 ,the legges and feet not green but an ordinarie dark cork colour4 ,the number of riuulets becks and streames whose banks are beset with willowes and ,alders which giue occasion of easier fishing and slooping to the water makes that handsome coulered bird abound which is calld ,alcedo ,ispida or the ,king fisher4 ,they bild in holes about grauell pitts wherein is to bee found great quantitie of small fish bones4 and lay very handsome round and as it were polished egges4 ,an ,hobby bird so calld becaus it comes in ether with or a litle before the ,hobbies in the spring1 of the bignesse of a ,thrush coloured and paned like an hawke maruellously subiet to the vertigo and are sometimes taken in those fitts4 ,upupa or ,hoopebird so named from its note a gallant marked bird which ,i have often seen and tis not hard to shoote them4 ,ringlestones a small white and black bird like a wagtayle and seemes to bee some kind of motacilla marina common about ,yarmouth sands4 ,they lay their egges in the sand and shingle about ,june and as the eryngo diggers tell mee not sett them flat butt upright like egges in salt4 ,the ,arcuata or curlewe frequent about the sea coast4 ,there is also an handsome tall bird ,remarkably eyed and with a bill not aboue #b inches long commonly calld a stone curlewe butt the note thereof more resembleth that of a green plouer and breeds about ,thetford about the stones and shingle of the ,riuers4 ,auoseta calld shoohinghorne a tall black and white bird with a bill semicircularly reclining or bowed upward so that it is not easie to conceiue how it can feed answerable vnto the ,auoseta ,italorum in ,aldrovandus a summer marsh bird and not unfrequent in ,marshland4 ,a yarwhelp so thought to bee named from its note a gray bird intermingled with some whitish fethers somewhat long legged and the bill about an inch and half4 ,esteemed a dayntie dish4 ,loxias or curuirostra a bird a litle bigger than a ,thrush of fine colours and prittie note differently from other birds1 the upper and lower bill crossing each other1 of a very tame nature1 comes about the beginning of summer4 ,i have known them kept in cages butt not to outliue the winter4 ,a kind of coccothraustes calld a coble bird bigger than a ,thrush1 finely coloured and shaped like a ,bunting it is chiefly seen in sumer about cherrie time4 ,a small bird of prey calld a birdcatcher about the bignesse of a ,thrush and linnet coloured with a longish white bill and sharpe of a very feirce and wild nature though kept in a cage and fed with flesh4 ,a kind of ,lanius4 ,a ,dorhawke or kind of ,accipiter muscarius conceiued to haue its name from feeding upon flies and beetles1 of a woodcock colour but paned like an ,hawke a very litle poynted bill1 large throat1 breedeth with us and layes a maruellous handsome spotted egge4 ,though ,i haue opened many ,i could neuer find anything considerable in their mawes4 ,caprimulgus4 ,auis ,trogloditica or ,chock a small bird mixed of black and white and breeding in cony borrouges whereof the warrens are full from ,april to ,september1 at which time they leaue the country4 ,they are taken with an ,hobby and a net and are a very good dish4 ,spermologus4 ,rookes which by reason of the great quantitie of corn feilds and ,rooke groues are in great plentie the yong ones are commonly eaten sometimes sold in ,norwich market and many are killd for their ,liuers in order to cure of the ,rickets4 ,crowes as euerywhere and also the coruus variegatus or pyed crowe with dunne and black interchangeably1 they come in the winter and depart in the summer and seeme to bee the same which ,clusius discribeth in the ,faro ,islands from whence perhaps these come1 and ,i have seen them very common in ,ireland1 butt not known in many parts of ,england4 ,coruus maior ,rauens in good plentie about the citty which makes so few ,kites to bee seen hereabout1 they build in woods very early and lay egges in ,februarie4 ,among the many monedulas or ,jackdawes ,i could neuer in these parts obserue the pyrrhocorax or cornish chough with red leggs and bill to bee commonly seen in ,cornwall1 and though there bee heere very great store of partridges yet the french ,red legged partridge is not to bee met with4 ,the ,ralla or ,rayle wee haue counted a dayntie dish1 as also no small number of ,quayles4 ,the ,heathpoult common in the north is vnknown heere as also the ,grous1 though ,i haue heard some haue been seen about ,lynne4 ,the calandrier or great great crested lark ,galerita ,i haue not met with heere though with #c other sorts of ,larkes the ground lark woodlark and titlark4 ,stares or starlings in great numbers1 most remarkable in their numerous flocks which ,i haue obserued about the ,autumne when they roost at night in the marshes in safe places upon reeds and alders1 which to obserue ,i went to the marshes about sunne set1 where standing by their vsuall place of resort ,i obserued very many flocks flying from all quarters1 which in lesse than an howers space came all in and settled in innumerable numbers in a small compasse4 ,great varietie of finches and other small birds whereof one very small calld a whinne bird marked with fine yellow spotts and lesser than a wren4 ,there is also a small bird called a chipper somewhat resembling the former which comes in the spring and feeds upon the first buddings of birches and other early trees4 ,a kind of ,anthus ,goldfinch or fooles coat commonly calld a drawe water1 finely marked with red and yellowe and a white bill1 which they take with trap cages in ,norwich gardens and fastning a chaine about them tyed to a box of water it makes a shift with bill and legge to draw up the water unto it from the litle pot hanging by the chaine about a foote belowe4 ,on the xiiii of ,may #affd a very rare bird was sent mee kild about ,crostwick which seemed to bee some kind of ,jay4 ,the bill was black strong and bigger then a ,jayes somewhat yellowe clawes tippd black1 #c before and one clawe behind the whole bird not so bigge as a ,jaye4 ,the head neck and throat of a violet colour the back upper parts of the wing of a russet yellowe the fore and part of the wing azure succeeded downward by a greenish blewe then on the flying feathers bright blewe the lower parts of the wing outwardly of a browne inwardly of a merry blewe the belly a light faynt blewe the back toward the tayle of a purple blewe the tayle eleuen fethers of a greenish coulour the extremities of the outward fethers thereof white wth an eye of greene4 ,garrulus ,argentoratensis4 ,,notes ,,on ,,certain ,,fishes ,,and ,,marine ,,animals ,,found ,,in ,,norfolk4 ,it may well seeme no easie matter to giue any considerable account of fishes and animals of the sea wherein tis sayd that there are things creeping innumerable both small and great beasts because they liue in an element wherein they are not so easely discouerable4 ,notwithstanding probable it is that after this long nauigation search of the ocean bayes creeks ,estuaries and riuers there is scarce any fish butt hath been seen by some man1 for the large and breathing sort thereof do sometimes discouer themselues aboue water and the other are in such numbers that some at one time or other they are discouered and taken1 euen the most barbarous nations being much addicted to fishing3 and in ,america and the new discouered world the people were well acquantd with fishes of sea and rivers1 and the fishes thereof haue been since described by industrious writers4 ,pliny seemes to short in the estimate of their number in the ocean1 who recons up butt one hundred and seventie six species2 butt the seas being now farther known and searched ,bellonius much enlargeth1 and in his booke of ,birds thus deliuereth himself allthough ,i think it impossible to reduce the same vnto a certain number yet ,i may freelie say that tis beyond the power of man to find out more than fiue hundred sorts of fishes1 three hundred sorts of birds1 more than three hundred sorts of fourfoted animalls and fortie diversities of serpents4 ,of fishes sometimes the larger sort are taken or come ashoar4 ,a spermaceti whale of #fb foote long neere ,welles1 another of the same kind #bj yeares before at ,hunstanton1 and not farre of #h or nine came ashoare and #b had yong ones after they were forsaken by ye water4 ,a grampus aboue #af foot long taken at ,yarmouth #d yeares agoe4 ,the ,tursio or porpose is common1 the ,dolphin more rare though sometimes taken which many confound with the porpose1 butt it hath a more waued line along the skinne sharper toward ye tayle the head longer and nose more extended which maketh good the figure of ,rondeletius2 the flesh more red and well cooked of very good taste to most palates and exceedeth that of porpose4 ,the vitulus marinus seacalf or seale which is often taken sleeping on the shoare4 #e yeares agoe one was shot in the riuer of ,norwich about ,surlingham ferry having continued in the riuer for diuers moneths before being an ,amphibious animal it may bee caryed about aliue and kept long if it can bee brought to feed4 ,some haue been kept many moneths in ponds4 ,the pizzell the bladder the cartilago ensiformis the figure of the ,throttle the clusterd and racemous forme of the kidneys the flat and compressed heart are remarkable in it4 ,in stomaks of all that ,i have opened ,i have found many wormes4 ,i haue also obserued a scolopendra cetacea of about ten foot long answering to the figure in ,rondeletius which the mariners told me was taken in these seas4 ,a pristes or serra saw fish taken about ,lynne commonly mistaken for a sword fish and answers the figure in ,rondeletius4 ,a sword fish or ,xiphias or ,gladius intangled in the ,herring netts at ,yarmouth agreable unto the ,icon in ,johnstonus with a smooth sword not vnlike the ,gladius of ,rondeletius about a yard and half long1 no teeth1 eyes very remarkable enclosed in an hard cartilaginous couercle about ye bignesse of a good apple4 ye vitreous humor plentifull the crystalline larger then a nutmegge remaining cleare sweet and vntainted when the rest of the eye was vnder a deepe corruption wch wee kept clear and limpid many moneths vntill an hard frost split it and manifested the foliations thereof4 ,it is not vnusuall to take seuerall sorts of canis or doggefishes great and small which pursue the shoale of herrings and other fish1 butt this yeare #affb one was taken intangled in the ,herring netts about #i foot in length1 answering the last figure of ,johnstonus lib #g vnder the name of canis carcherias alter and was by the teeth and #e gills one kind of shark particularly remarkable in the vastnesse of the optick nerves and #c conicall hard pillars which supported the extraordinarie elevated nose which wee haue reserued with the scull2 the seamen called this kind a scrape4 ,sturio or ,sturgeon so common on the other side of the sea about the mouth of the ,elbe come seldome into our creekes though some haue been taken at ,yarmouth and more in the great ,owse by ,lynne butt their heads not so sharpe as represented in the ,icons of ,rondeletius and ,johnstonus4 ,sometimes wee meet with a mola or moonefish so called from some resemblance it hath of a crescent in the extreme part of the body from one finne unto another one being taken neere the shoare at ,yarmouth before breake of day seemed to shiuer and grunt like an hogge as ,authors deliuer of it1 the flesh being hard and neruous it is not like to afford a good dish butt from the ,liuer which is large white and tender somewhat may bee expected2 the gills of these fishes wee found thick beset with a kind of sea-lowse4 ,in the yeare #affg a mola was taken at ,monsley which weighed #b hundred pound4 ,the ,rana piscatrix or frogge fish is sometimes found in a very large magnitude and wee haue taken the care to haue them clend and stuffed1 wherein wee obserued all the appendices whereby they cach fishes butt much larger then are discribed in the ,icons of ,johnstonus tab xi fig #h4 ,the sea wolf or ,lupus nostras of ,schoneueldus remarkable for its spotted skinne and notable teeth incisors ,dogteeth and grinders the dogteeth both in the jawes and palate scarce answerable by any fish of that bulk for the like disposure strength and soliditie4 ,mustela marina called by some a wesell ling which salted and dryed becomes a good ,lenten dish4 ,a ,lump or ,lumpus ,anglorum so named by ,aldrouandus by some esteemed a festiuall dish though it affordeth butt a glutinous jellie and the skinne is beset with stony knobs after no certaine order4 ,ours most answereth the first figure in the xiii table of ,johnstonus butt seemes more round and arcuated then that figure makes it4 ,before the herrings there commonly cometh a fish about a foot long by the fishman called an horse resembling in all poynts the ,trachurus of ,rondeletius of a mixed shape between a mackerell and an herring1 obseruable from its greene eyes rarely skye colored back after it is kept a day1 and an oblique bony line running on ye outside from the gills vnto ye tayle4 ,a drye and hard dish butt makes an handsome picture4 ,the ,rubelliones or ,rochets butt thinly met with on this coast1 the gornart cuculus or ,lyr species more often which they seldome eat butt bending the back and spredding the finnes into a liuely posture do hang up in their howses4 ,beside the common mullus or mullet there is another not vnfrequent which some call a cunny fish butt rather a red muellett of a flosculous redde and somewhat rough on the scales answering the discription of ,icon of ,rondeletius vnder the name of mullus ruber asper butt not the tast of the vsually knowne mullet as affording butt a drye and leane bitt4 ,seuerall sorts of fishes there are which do or may beare the names of seawoodcocks as the ,acus maior scolopax and saurus4 ,the saurus wee sometimes meet with yonge4 ,rondeletius confesseth it a very rare fish somewhat resembling the ,acus or needlefish before and a makerell behind4 ,wee have kept one dryed many yeares agoe4 ,the ,acus maior calld by some a garfish and greenback answering the figure of ,rondeletius under the name of ,acus prima species remarkable for its quadrangular figure and verdigreece green back bone4 ,a lesser sort of ,acus maior or prim specei wee meet with much shorter then the common garfish and in taking out the spine wee found it not green as in the greater and much answering the saurus of ,rondeletius4 ,a scolopax or sea woodcock of ,rondeletius was giuen mee by a seaman of these seas1 about #c inches long and seemes to bee one kind of ,acus or needlefish answering the discription of ,rondeletius4 ,the ,acus of ,aristotle lesser thinner corticated and sexangular by diuers calld an addercock and somewhat resembling a snake ours more plainly finned then ,rondeletius discribeth it4 ,a little corticated fish about #c or #d inches long1 ours answering that which is named piscis octangularis by ,wormius1 cataphractus by ,schoneueldeus2 octagonius versus caput1 versus caudam hexagonius4 ,the faber marinus sometimes found very large answering the figure of ,rondeletius1 which though hee mentioneth as a rare fish and to be found in the ,atlantick and ,gaditane ocean yet wee often meet with it in these seas commonly calld a peterfish hauing one black spot on ether side the body conceued the perpetuall signature from the impression of ,st ,peters fingers or to resemble the #b peeces of money which ,st ,peter tooke out of this fish remarkable also from its disproportionable mouth and many hard prickles about other parts4 ,a kind of scorpius marinus a rough prickly and monstrous headed fish #f #h or #ab inches long answerable vnto the figure of ,schoneueldeus4 ,a sting fish wiuer or kind of ophidion or ,araneus slender1 narrowe headed about #d inches long with a sharpe small prickly finne along the back which often venemouslv pricketh the hands of fishermen4 ,aphia cobites marina or sea ,loche4 ,blennus a sea millars thumb4 ,funduli marini sea gogions4 ,alos or chads to bee met with about ,lynne4 ,spinachus or smelt in greatest plentie about ,lynne butt where they haue also a small fish calld a primme answering in tast and shape a smelt and perhaps are butt the yonger sort thereof4 ,aselli or cods of seuerall sorts4 ,asellus albus or whitings in great plentie4 ,asellus niger carbonarius or coale fish4 ,asellus minor ,schoneueldei1 callarias ,pliny1 or ,haydocks with many more also a weed fish somewhat like an haydock butt larger and dryer meat4 ,a ,basse also much resembling a flatter kind of ,cod4 ,scombri are makerells in greate plentie a dish much desired butt if as ,rondeletius affirmeth they feed upon sea starres and squalders there may bee some doubt whether their flesh bee without some ill qualitie4 ,sometimes they are of a very large size and one was taken this yeare #affh which was by measure an ell long and of the length of a good salmon1 at ,lestoffe4 ,herrings departed sprats or sard not long after succeed in great plentie which are taken with smaller nets and smoakd and dryed like herrings become a sapid bitt and vendible abroad4 ,among these are found ,bleakes or blicc a thinne herring like fishe which some will also think to bee young herrings4 ,and though the sea aboundeth not with pilchards1 yet they are commonly taken among herrings1 butt few esteeme thereof or eat them4 ,congers are not so common on these coasts as on many seas about ,england1 butt are often found upon the north coast of ,norfolk1 and in frostie wether left in pulks and plashes upon the ebbe of the sea4 ,the sand eels ,anglorum of ,aldrouandus1 or ,tobianus of ,schoneueldeus commonly called smoulds taken out of the sea sands with forks and rakes about ,blakeney and ,burnham a small round slender fish about #c or #d inches long as bigge as a small ,tobacco pipe a very dayntie dish4 ,pungitius marinus or sea bausticle hauing a prickle one each side the smallest fish of the sea about an inch long sometimes drawne ashoare with netts together with weeds and pargaments of the sea4 ,many sorts of flat fishes4 ,the pastinaca oxyrinchus with a long and strong aculeus in the tayle conceued of speciall venome and virtues4 ,severall sorts of ,raia's skates and ,thornebacks the ,raia clauata oxyrinchus1 raia oculata1 aspera1 spinosa fullonica4 ,the great ,rhombus or ,turbot aculeatus and leuis4 ,the passer or place4 ,butts of various kinds4 ,the passer squamosus ,bret ,bretcock and skulls comparable in taste and delicacy vnto the soale4 ,the ,buglossus solea or soale plana and oculata as also the ,lingula or small soale all in very great plentie4 ,sometimes a fish aboue half a yard long like a butt or soale called asprage which ,i haue known taken about ,cromer4 ,sepia or cuttle fish and great plentie of the bone or shellie substance which sustaineth the whole bulk of that soft fishe found commonly on the shoare4 ,the ,loligo sleue or calamar found often upon the shoare from head to tayle sometimes aboue an ell long1 remarkable for its parretlike bill1 the gladiolus or calamus along the back and the notable crystallyne of the eye which equalleth if not exceedeth the lustre of orientall pearle4 ,a polypus another kind of the mollia sometimes wee haue met with4 ,lobsters in great number about ,sheringham and ,cromer from whence all the country is supplyed4 ,astacus marinus pediculi marini facie found also in that place1 with the aduantage of ye long foreclawes about #d inches long4 ,crabs large and well tasted found also in the same coast4 ,another kind of crab taken for cancer fluuiatilis litle slender and of a very quick motion found in the ,riuer running through ,yarmouth1 and in ,bliburgh riuer4 ,oysters exceeding large about ,burnham and ,hunstanton like those of ,poole ,st ,mallowes or ,ciuita ,vechia whereof many are eaten rawe the shells being broakin with cleuers the greater part pickled and sent weekly to ,london and other parts4 ,mituli or muscles in great quantitie as also chams or cochles about ,stiskay and the northwest coast4 ,pectines pectunculi varij or scallops of the lesser sort4 ,turbines or smaller wilks1 leues1 striati1 as also ,trochi1 ,trochili1 or scaloppes finely variegated and pearly4 ,lewise purpur minores1 nerites1 cochle1 ,tellin4 ,lepades1 patell ,limpets1 of an vniualue shell wherein an animal like a snayle cleauing fast unto the rocks4 ,solenes cappe lunge venetorum commonly a razor fish the shell thereof dentalia4 ,dentalia by some called pinpaches because pinmeat thereof is taken out with a pinne or needle4 ,cancellus ,turbinum et neritis ,barnard the ,hermite of ,rondeletius a kind of crab or astacus liuing in a forsaken wilk or nerites4 ,echinus echinometrites sea hedghogge whose neat shells are common on the shoare the fish aliue often taken by the dragges among the oysters4 ,balani a smaller sort of vniualue growing commonly in clusters1 the smaller kinds thereof to bee found oftimes upon oysters wilks and lobsters4 ,concha anatifera or ,ansifera or ,barnicleshell whereof about #d yeares past were found upon the shoare no small number by ,yarmouth hanging by slender strings of a kind of ,alga vnto seuerall splinters or cleauings of firre boards vnto which they were seuerally fastned and hanged like ropes of onyons3 their shell flat and of a peculiar forme differing from other shelles1 this being of four diuisions1 containing a small imperfect animal at the lower part diuided into many shootes or streames which prepossed spectators fancy to bee the rudiment of the tayle of some goose or duck to bee produced from it2 some whereof in ye shell and some taken out and spred upon paper we shall keepe by us4 ,stell marin or sea starres in great plentie especially about ,yarmouth4 ,whether they bee bred out of the vrtic squalders or sea gellies as many report wee cannot confirme butt the squalderes in the middle seeme to haue some lines or first draughts not unlike4 ,our starres exceed not #e poynts though ,i haue heard that some with more haue been found about ,hunstanton and ,burnham1 where are also found stell marin testac or handsome crusted and brittle sea starres much lesse4 ,the pediculus and culex marinus the sea lowse and flie are also no strangeres4 ,physsalus ,rondeletij or eruca marina physsaloides according to the icon of ,rondeletius of very orient green and purple bristles4 ,urtica marina of diuers kinds some whereof called squalderes1 of a burning and stinging qualitie if rubbed in the hand2 the water thereof may afford a good cosmetick4 ,another elegant sort that is often found cast up by shoare in great numbers about the bignesse of a button cleere and welted and may bee called fibula marina crystallina4 ,hirudines marini or sea ,leaches4 ,vermes marini very large wormes digged a yarde deepe out of the sands at the ebbe for bayt4 ,tis known where they are to be found by a litle flat ouer them on the surface of the sand2 as also vermes in tubulis testacei4 ,also ,tethya or sea dugges some whereof resemble fritters the vesicaria marina also and fanago sometimes very large conceaued to proceed from some testaceous animals1 and particularly from the purpura butt ours more probably from other testaceous wee hauing not met with any large purpura upon this coast4 ,many riuer fishes also and animals4 ,salmon no common fish in our riuers though many are taken in the ,owse1 in the ,bure or north riuer1 in ye ,waueney or south riuer1 in ye ,norwich river butt seldome and in the winter butt #d yeares ago #ae were taken at ,trowes mill in ,xtmas1 whose mouths were stuck with small wormes or horsleaches no bigger than fine threads4 ,some of these ,i kept in water #c moneths3 if a few drops of blood were putt to the water they would in a litle time looke red4 ,they sensibly grewe bigger then ,i first found them and were killed by an hard froast freezing the water4 ,most of our ,salmons haue a recurued peece of flesh in the end of the lower iawe which when they shutt there mouths deepely enters the upper1 as ,scaliger hath noted in some4 ,the ,riuers lakes and broads abound in the ,lucius or pikes of very large size where also is found the ,brama or ,breme large and well tasted the ,tinca or ,tench the ,rubecula ,roach as also ,rowds and ,dare or ,dace perca or pearch great and small3 whereof such as are in ,braden on this side ,yarmouth in the mixed water make a dish very dayntie and ,i think scarce to bee bettered in ,england4 ,butt the ,bleak the chubbe the barbell to bee found in diuers other ,riuers in ,england ,i haue not obserued in these4 ,as also fewer mennowes then in many other riuers4 ,the ,trutta or trout the ,gammarus or crawfish butt scarce in our riuers butt frequently taken in the ,bure or north riuer and in the seuerall branches thereof1 and very remarkable large crawfishes to bee found in the riuer which runnes by ,castleaker and ,nerford4 ,the ,aspredo perca minor and probably the cernua of ,cardan commonly called a ,ruffe in great plentie in ,norwich ,riuers and euen in the streame of the citty1 which though ,camden appropriates vnto this citty yet they are also found in the riuers of ,oxforde and ,cambridge4 ,lampetra ,lampries great and small found plentifully in ,norwich riuer and euen in the ,citty about ,may whereof some are very large and well cooked are counted a dayntie bitt collard up butt especially in pyes4 ,mustela fluuiatilis or eele poult to bee had in ,norwich riuer and between it and ,yarmouth as also in the riuers of marshland resembling an eele and a cod1 a very good dish and the ,liuer thereof well answers the commendations of the ,ancients4 ,godgions or funduli fluuiatiles1 many whereof may bee taken within the ,riuer in the citty4 ,capitones fluuiatilis or millers thumbs1 pungitius fluuiatilis or stanticles4 ,aphia cobites fluuiatilis or ,loches4 ,in ,norwich riuers in the runnes about ,heueningham heath in the north riuer and streames thereof4 ,of eeles the common eele and the glot which hath somewhat a different shape in the bignesse of the head and is affirmed to have yong ones often found within it1 and wee haue found a vterus in the same somewhat answering the icon thereof in ,senesinus4 ,carpiones carpes plentifull in ponds and sometimes large ones in broads3 #b the largest ,i euer beheld were taken in ,norwich ,riuer4 ,though the woods and dryelands abound with adders and vipers yet there are few snakes about our riuers or meadowes1 more to bee found in ,marsh land2 butt ponds and plashes abound in ,lizards or swifts4 ,the ,gryllotalpa or fencricket common in fenny places butt wee haue met with them also in dry places dung-hills and church yards of this citty4 ,beside horseleaches and periwinkles in plashes and standing waters we haue met with vermes setacei or hardwormes butt could neuer conuert horsehayres into them by laying them in water3 as also the great ,hydrocantharus or black shining water ,beetle the forficula1 sqilla1 corculum and notonecton that swimmeth on its back4 ,camden reports that in former time there haue been ,beuers in the ,riuer of ,cardigan in ,wales4 ,this wee are to sure of that the ,riuers great ,broads and carres afford great store of otters with us1 a great destroyer of fish as feeding butt from ye vent downewards1 not free from being a prey it self for their yong ones haue been found in ,buzzards nests4 ,they are accounted no bad dish by many1 are to bee made very tame and in some howses haue serued for turnespitts4 ,,on ,,the ,,ostrich4 ,the ostrich hath a compounded name in ,greek and ,latin--,struthio-,camelus1 borrowed from a bird and a beast1 as being a feathered and biped animal1 yet in some ways like a camel2 somewhat in the long neck2 somewhat in the foot2 and1 as some imagine1 from a camel-like position in the part of generation4 ,it is accounted the largest and tallest of any winged and feathered fowl2 taller than the gruen or cassowary4 ,this ostrich1 though a female1 was about seven feet high1 and some of the males were higher1 either exceeding or answerable unto the stature of the great porter unto king ,charles the ,first4 ,the weight was a#cgj in grocer's scales4 #cgj ,undecipherable in the original4 ,whosoever shall compare or consider together the ostrich and the tomineio1 or humbird1 not weighing twelve grains1 may easily discover under what compass or latitude the creation of birds hath been ordained4 ,the head is not large1 but little in proportion to the whole body4 ,and1 therefore1 ,julius ,scaliger1 when he mentioned birds of large heads 7comparatively unto their bodies71 named the sparrow1 the owl1 and the woodpecker2 and1 reckoning up birds of small heads1 instanceth in the hen1 the peacock1 and the ostrich4 ,the head is looked upon by discerning spectators to resemble that of a goose rather than any kind of strouthos1 or passer3 and so may be more properly called cheno-camelus1 or ansero-camelus4 ,there is a handsome figure of an ostrich in ,mr4 ,willoughby's and ,ray's ,ornithologia3 another in ,aldrovandus and ,jonstonus1 and ,bellonius2 but the heads not exactly agreeing4 ',rostrum habet exiguum1 sed acutum1' saith ,jonstoun2 'un long bec et poinctu1' saith ,bellonius2 men describing such as they have an opportunity to see1 and perhaps some the ostriches of very different countries1 wherein1 as in some other birds1 there may be some variety4 ,in ,africa1 where some eat elephants1 it is no wonder that some also feed upon ostriches4 ,they flay them with their feathers on1 which they sell1 and eat the flesh4 ,but ,galen and physicians have condemned that flesh1 as hard and indigestible4 ,the emperor ,heliogabalus had a fancy for the brains1 when he brought six hundred ostriches' heads to one supper1 only for the brains' sake2 yet ,leo ,africanus saith that he ate of young ostriches among the ,numidians with a good gust2 and1 perhaps1 boiled1 and well cooked1 after the art of ,apicius1 with peppermint1 dates1 and other good things1 they might go down with some stomachs4 ,i do not find that the strongest eagles1 or best-spirited hawks1 will offer at these birds2 yet1 if there were such gyrfalcons as ,julius ,scaliger saith the duke of ,savoy and ,henry1 king of ,navarre1 had1 it is like they would strike at them1 and1 making at the head1 would spoil them1 or so disable them1 that they might be taken4 ,if these had been brought over in ,june1 it is1 perhaps1 likely we might have met with eggs in some of their bellies1 whereof they lay very many3 but they are the worst of eggs for food1 yet serviceable unto many other uses in their country2 for1 being cut transversely1 they serve for drinking cups and skull-caps2 and1 as ,i have seen1 there are large circles of them1 and some painted and gilded1 which hang up in ,turkish mosques1 and also in ,greek churches4 ,they are preserved with us for rarities2 and1 as they come to be common1 some use will be found of them in physic1 even as of other eggshells and other such substances4 ,when it first came into my garden1 it soon ate up all the gilliflowers1 tulip-leaves1 and fed greedily upon what was green1 as lettuce1 endive1 sorrell2 it would feed on oats1 barley1 peas1 beans2 swallow onions2 eat sheep's lights and livers4--,then you mention what you know more4 ,when it took down a large onion1 it stuck awhile in the gullet1 and did not descend directly1 but wound backward behind the neck2 whereby ,i might perceive that the gullet turned much2 but this is not peculiar unto the ostrich2 but the same hath been observed in the stork1 when it swallows down frogs and pretty big bits4 ,it made sometimes a strange noise2 had a very odd note1 especially in the morning1 and1 perhaps1 when hungry4 ,according to ,aldrovandus1 some hold that there is an antipathy between it and a horse1 which an ostrich will not endure to see or be near2 but1 while ,i kept it1 ,i could not confirm this opinion2 which might1 perhaps1 be raised because a common way of hunting and taking them is by swift horses4 ,it is much that ,cardanus should be mistaken with a great part of men1 that the coloured and dyed feathers of ostriches were natural2 as red1 blue1 yellow1 and green2 whereas1 the natural colours in this bird were white and greyish4 ,of the fashion of wearing feathers in battles or wars by men1 and women1 see ,scaliger1 ,contra ,cardan4 ,exercitat4 #bbj4 ,if wearing of feather-fans should come up again1 it might much increase the trade of plumage from ,barbary4 ,bellonius saith he saw two hundred skins with the feathers on in one shop of ,alexandria4 ,,boulimia ,,centenaria4 ,there is a woman now living in ,yarmouth1 named ,elizabeth ,michell1 an hundred and two years old2 a person of four feet and half high1 very lean1 very poor1 and living in a mean room with pitiful accommodation4 ,she had a son after she was past fifty4 ,though she answers well enough unto ordinary questions1 yet she apprehends her eldest daughter to be her mother2 but what is most remarkable concerning her is a kind of boulimia or dog-appetite2 she greedily eating day and night what her allowance1 friends1 and charitable persons afford her1 drinking beer or water1 and making little distinction or refusal of any food1 either of broths1 flesh1 fish1 apples1 pears1 and any coarse food1 which she eateth in no small quantity1 insomuch that the overseers of the poor have of late been fain to augment her weekly allowance4 ,she sleeps indifferently well1 till hunger awakes her2 then she must have no ordinary supply whether in the day or night4 ,she vomits not1 nor is very laxative4 ,this is the oldest example of the sal esurinum chymicorum1 which ,i have taken notice of2 though ,i am ready to afford my charity unto her1 yet ,i should be loth to spend a piece of ambergris ,i have upon her1 and to allow six grains to every dose till ,i found some effect in moderating her appetite3 though that be esteemed a great specific in her condition4 ,,upon ,,the ,,dark ,,thick ,,mist ,,happening ,,on ,,the #bg,,th ,,of ,,november1 #afgd4 ,though it be not strange to see frequent mists1 clouds1 and rains1 in ,england1 as many ancient describers of this country have noted1 yet ,i could not but take notice of a very great mist which happened upon the #bgth of the last ,november1 and from thence have taken this occasion to propose something of mists1 clouds1 and rains1 unto your candid considerations4 ,herein mists may well deserve the first place1 as being1 if not the first in nature1 yet the first meteor mentioned in ,scripture1 and soon after the creation1 for it is said1 ,gen4 ii4 that ',god had not yet caused it to rain upon the earth1 but a mist went up from the earth1 and watered the whole face of the ground1' for it might take a longer time for the elevation of vapours sufficient to make a congregation of clouds able to afford any store of showers and rain in so early days of the world4 ,thick vapours1 not ascending high but hanging about the earth and covering the surface of it1 are commonly called mists2 if they ascend high they are called clouds4 ,they remain upon the earth till they either fall down or are attenuated1 rarified1 and scattered4 ,the great mist was not only observable about ,london1 but in remote parts of ,england1 and as we hear1 in ,holland1 so that it was of larger extent than mists are commonly apprehended to be2 most men conceiving that they reach not much beyond the places where they behold them4 ,mists make an obscure air1 but they beget not darkness1 for the atoms and particles thereof admit the light1 but if the matter thereof be very thick1 close1 and condensed1 the mist grows considerably obscure and like a cloud1 so the miraculous and palpable darkness of ,egypt is conceived to have been effected by an extraordinary dense and dark mist or a kind of cloud spread over the land of ,egypt1 and also miraculously restrained from the neighbour land of ,goshen4 ,mists and fogs1 containing commonly vegetable spirits1 when they dissolve and return upon the earth1 may fecundate and add some fertility unto it1 but they may be more unwholesome in great cities than in country habitations3 for they consist of vapours not only elevated from simple watery and humid places1 but also the exhalations of draughts1 common sewers1 and foetid places1 and decoctions used by unwholesome and sordid manufactures3 and also hindering the sea-coal smoke from ascending and passing away1 it is conjoined with the mist and drawn in by the breath1 all which may produce bad effects1 inquinate the blood1 and produce catarrhs and coughs4 ,sereins1 well known in hot countries1 cause headache1 toothache1 and swelled faces2 but they seem to have their original from subtle1 invisible1 nitrous1 and piercing exhalations1 caused by a strong heat of the sun1 which falling after sunset produce the effects mentioned4 ,there may be also subterraneous mists1 when heat in the bowels of the earth1 working upon humid parts1 makes an attenuation thereof and consequently nebulous bodies in the cavities of it4 ,there is a kind of a continued mist in the bodies of animals1 especially in the cavous parts1 as may be observed in bodies opened presently after death1 and some think that in sleep there is a kind of mist in the brain2 and upon exceeding motion some animals cast out a mist about them4 ,when the cuttle fish1 polypus1 or loligo1 make themselves invisible by obscuring the water about them2 they do it not by any vaporous emission1 but by a black humour ejected1 which makes the water black and dark near them3 but upon excessive motion some animals are able to afford a mist about them1 when the air is cool and fit to condense it1 as horses after a race1 so that they become scarce visible4 ,,account ,,of ,a ,,thunder ,,storm ,,at ,,norwich1 #affe4 ,june #bh1 #affe4 ,after seven o'clock in the evening there was almost a continued thunder until eight1 wherein the tonitru and fulgur1 the noise and lightning1 were so terrible1 that they put the whole city into an amazement1 and most unto their prayers4 ,the clouds went low1 and the cracks seemed near over our heads during the most part of the thunder4 ,about eight o'clock1 an ignis fulmineus1 pila ignea fulminans1 telum igneum fulmineum1 or fire-ball1 hit against the little wooden pinnacle of the high leucome window of my house1 toward the market-place1 broke the flue boards1 and carried pieces thereof a stone's cast off2 whereupon many of the tiles fell into the street1 and the windows in adjoining houses were broken4 ,at the same time either a part of that close-bound fire1 or another of the same nature1 fell into the court-yard1 and whereof no notice was taken till we began to examine the house1 and then we found a freestone on the outside of the wall of the entry leading to the kitchen1 half a foot from the ground1 fallen from the wall2 a hole as big as a foot-ball bored through the wall1 which is about a foot thick1 and a chest which stood against it1 on the inside1 split and carried about a foot from the wall4 ,the wall also1 behind the leaden cistern1 at five yards distance from it1 broken on the inside and outside2 the middle seeming entire4 ,the lead on the edges of the cistern turned a little up2 and a great washing-bowl1 that stood by it1 to recover the rain1 turned upside down1 and split quite through4 ,some chimneys and tiles were struck down in other parts of the city4 ,a fire-ball also struck down the wall in the market-place4 ,and all this1 ,god be thanked6 without mischief unto any person4 ,the greatest terror was from the noise1 answerable unto two or three cannon4 ,the smell it left was strong1 like that after the discharge of a cannon4 ,the balls that flew were not like fire in the flame1 but the coal2 and the people said it was like the sun4 ,it was discutiens1 terebrans1 but not urens4 ,it burnt nothing1 nor any thing it touched smelt of fire2 nor melted any lead of window or cistern1 as ,i found it do in the great storm1 about nine years ago1 at ,melton-hall1 four miles off1 at that time when the hail broke three thousand pounds worth of glass in ,norwich1 in half-a-quarter of an hour4 ,about four days after1 the like fulminous fire killed a man in ,erpingham church1 by ,aylsham1 upon whom it broke1 and beat down divers which were within the wind of it4 ,one also went off in ,sir ,john ,hobart's gallery1 at ,blickling4 ,he was so near that his arm and thigh were numbed about an hour after4 ,two or three days after1 a woman and horse were killed near ,bungay2 her hat so shivered that no piece remained bigger than a groat1 whereof ,i had some pieces sent unto me4 ,granades1 crackers1 and squibs1 do much resemble the discharge1 and aurum fulminans the fury thereof4 ,of other thunderbolts or lapides fulminei1 ,i have little opinion4 ,some ,i have by me under that name1 but they are genere fossilium4 ,,thomas ,,browne4 ,norwich1 #affe4 ,,on ,,dreams4 ,half our days we pass in the shadow of the earth2 and the brother of death exacteth a third part of our lives4 ,a good part of our sleep is peered out with visions and fantastical objects1 wherein we are confessedly deceived4 ,the day supplieth us with truths2 the night with fictions and falsehoods1 which uncomfortably divide the natural account of our beings4 ,and1 therefore1 having passed the day in sober labours and rational enquiries of truth1 we are fain to betake ourselves unto such a state of being1 wherein the soberest heads have acted all the monstrosities of melancholy1 and which unto open eyes are no better than folly and madness4 ,happy are they that go to bed with grand music1 like ,pythagoras1 or have ways to compose the fantastical spirit1 whose unruly wanderings take off inward sleep1 filling our heads with ,st4 ,anthony's visions1 and the dreams of ,lipara in the sober chambers of rest4 ,virtuous thoughts of the day lay up good treasures for the night2 whereby the impressions of imaginary forms arise into sober similitudes1 acceptable unto our slumbering selves and preparatory unto divine impressions4 ,hereby ,solomon's sleep was happy4 ,thus prepared1 ,jacob might well dream of angels upon a pillow of stone4 ,and the best sleep of ,adam might be the best of any after4 ,that there should be divine dreams seems unreasonably doubted by ,aristotle4 ,that there are demoniacal dreams we have little reason to doubt4 ,why may there not be angelical8 ,if there be guardian spirits1 they may not be inactively about us in sleep2 but may sometimes order our dreams3 and many strange hints1 instigations1 or discourses1 which are so amazing unto us1 may arise from such foundations4 ,but the phantasms of sleep do commonly walk in the great road of natural and animal dreams1 wherein the thoughts or actions of the day are acted over and echoed in the night4 ,who can therefore wonder that ,chrysostom should dream of ,st4 ,paul1 who daily read his epistles2 or that ,cardan1 whose head was so taken up about the stars1 should dream that his soul was in the moon6 ,pious persons1 whose thoughts are daily busied about heaven1 and the blessed state thereof1 can hardly escape the nightly phantasms of it1 which though sometimes taken for illuminations1 or divine dreams1 yet rightly perpended may prove but animal visions1 and natural night-scenes of their awaking contemplations4 ,many dreams are made out by sagacious exposition1 and from the signature of their subjects2 carrying their interpretation in their fundamental sense and mystery of similitude1 whereby1 he that understands upon what natural fundamental every notion dependeth1 may1 by symbolical adaptation1 hold a ready way to read the characters of ,morpheus4 ,in dreams of such a nature1 ,artemidorus1 ,achmet1 and ,astrampsichus1 from ,greek1 ,egyptian1 and ,arabian oneirocriticism1 may hint some interpretation3 who1 while we read of a ladder in ,jacob's dream1 will tell us that ladders and scalary ascents signify preferment2 and while we consider the dream of ,pharaoh1 do teach us that rivers overflowing speak plenty1 lean oxen1 famine and scarcity2 and therefore it was but reasonable in ,pharaoh to demand the interpretation from his magicians1 who1 being ,egyptians1 should have been well versed in symbols and the hieroglyphical notions of things4 ,the greatest tyrant in such divinations was ,nabuchodonosor1 while1 besides the interpretation1 he demanded the dream itself2 which being probably determined by divine immission1 might escape the common road of phantasms1 that might have been traced by ,satan4 ,when ,alexander1 going to besiege ,tyre1 dreamt of a ,satyr1 it was no hard exposition for a ,grecian to say1 ',tyre will be thine4' ,he that dreamed that he saw his father washed by ,jupiter and anointed by the sun1 had cause to fear that he might be crucified1 whereby his body would be washed by the rain1 and drop by the heat of the sun4 ,the dream of ,vespasian was of harder exposition2 as also that of the emperor ,mauritius1 concerning his successor ,phocas4 ,and a man might have been hard put to it1 to interpret the language of sculapius1 when to a consumptive person he held forth his fingers2 implying thereby that his cure lay in dates1 from the homonomy of the ,greek1 which signifies dates and fingers4 ,we owe unto dreams that ,galen was a physician1 ,dion an historian1 and that the world hath seen some notable pieces of ,cardan2 yet1 he that should order his affairs by dreams1 or make the night a rule unto the day1 might be ridiculously deluded2 wherein ,cicero is much to be pitied1 who having excellently discoursed of the vanity of dreams1 was yet undone by the flattery of his own1 which urged him to apply himself unto ,augustus4 ,however dreams may be fallacious concerning outward events1 yet may they be truly significant at home2 and whereby we may more sensibly understand ourselves4 ,men act in sleep with some conformity unto their awaked senses2 and consolations or discouragements may be drawn from dreams which intimately tell us ourselves4 ,luther was not like to fear a spirit in the night1 when such an apparition would not terrify him in the day4 ,alexander would hardly have run away in the sharpest combats of sleep1 nor ,demosthenes have stood stoutly to it1 who was scarce able to do it in his prepared senses4 ,persons of radical integrity will not easily be perverted in their dreams1 nor noble minds do pitiful things in sleep4 ,crassus would have hardly been bountiful in a dream1 whose fist was so close awake4 ,but a man might have lived all his life upon the sleeping hand of ,antonius4 ,there is an art to make dreams1 as well as their interpretation2 and physicians will tell us that some food makes turbulent1 some gives quiet1 dreams4 ,cato1 who doated upon cabbage1 might find the crude effects thereof in his sleep2 wherein the ,egyptians might find some advantage by their superstitious abstinence from onions4 ,pythagoras might have calmer sleeps1 if he totally abstained from beans4 ,even ,daniel1 the great interpreter of dreams1 in his leguminous diet1 seems to have chosen no advantageous food for quiet sleeps1 according to ,grecian physic4 ,to add unto the delusion of dreams1 the fantastical objects seem greater than they are2 and being beheld in the vaporous state of sleep1 enlarge their diameters unto us2 whereby it may prove more easy to dream of giants than pigmies4 ,democritus might seldom dream of atoms1 who so often thought of them4 ,he almost might dream himself a bubble extending unto the eighth sphere4 ,a little water makes a sea2 a small puff of wind a tempest4 ,a grain of sulphur kindled in the blood may make a flame like tna2 and a small spark in the bowels of ,olympias a lightning over all the chamber4 ,but1 beside these innocent delusions1 there is a sinful state of dreams4 ,death alone1 not sleep1 is able to put an end unto sin2 and there may be a night-book of our iniquities2 for beside the transgressions of the day1 casuists will tell us of mortal sins in dreams1 arising from evil precogitations2 meanwhile human law regards not noctambulos2 and if a night-walker should break his neck1 or kill a man1 takes no notice of it4 ,dionysius was absurdly tyrannical to kill a man for dreaming that he had killed him2 and really to take away his life1 who had but fantastically taken away his4 ,lamia was ridiculously unjust to sue a young man for a reward1 who had confessed that pleasure from her in a dream which she had denied unto his awaking senses3 conceiving that she had merited somewhat from his fantastical fruition and shadow of herself4 ,if there be such debts1 we owe deeply unto sympathies2 but the common spirit of the world must be ready in such arrearages4 ,if some have swooned1 they may also have died in dreams1 since death is but a confirmed swooning4 ,whether ,plato died in a dream1 as some deliver1 he must rise again to inform us4 ,that some have never dreamed1 is as improbable as that some have never laughed4 ,that children dream not the first half-year2 that men dream not in some countries1 with many more1 are unto me sick men's dreams2 dreams out of the ivory gate1 and visions before midnight4 ,,observations ,,on ,,grafting4 ,in the doctrine of all insitions1 those are esteemed most successful which are practised under these rules3-- ,that there be some consent or similitude of parts and nature between the plants conjoined4 ,that insition be made between trees not of very different barks2 nor very differing fruits or forms of fructification2 nor of widely different ages4 ,that the scions or buds be taken from the south or east part of the tree4 ,that a rectitude and due position be observed2 not to insert the south part of the scions unto the northern side of the stock1 but according to the position of the scions upon his first matrix4 ,now1 though these rules be considerable in the usual and practised course of insitions1 yet were it but reasonable for searching spirits to urge the operations of nature by conjoining plants of very different natures in parts1 barks1 lateness1 and precocities1 nor to rest in the experiments of hortensial plants in whom we chiefly intend the exaltation or variety of their fruit and flowers1 but in all sorts of shrubs and trees applicable unto physic and mechanical uses1 whereby we might alter their tempers1 moderate or promote their virtues1 exchange their softness1 hardness1 and colour1 and so render them considerable beyond their known and trite employments4 ,to which intent curiosity may take some rule or hint from these or the like following1 according to the various ways of propagation3-- ,colutea upon anagris--arbor jud upon anagris--cassia poetica upon cytisus--cytisus upon periclymenum rectum--woodbine upon jasmine--cystus upon rosemary--rosemary upon ivy--sage or rosemary upon cystus--myrtle upon gall or rhus myrtifolia--whortleberry upon gall1 heath1 or myrtle--coccygeia upon alaternus--mezereon upon an almond--gooseberry and currants upon mezereon1 barberry1 or blackthorn--barberry upon a currant tree--bramble upon gooseberry or raspberry--yellow rose upon sweetbrier--phyllerea upon broom--broom upon furze--anonis lutea upon furze--holly upon box--bay upon holly--holly upon pyracantha--a fig upon chestnut--a fig upon mulberry--peach upon mulberry--mulberry upon buckthorn--walnut upon chesnut--savin upon juniper--vine upon oleaster1 rosemary1 ivy--an arbutus upon a fig--a peach upon a fig--white poplar upon black poplar--asp upon white poplar--wych elm upon common elm--hazel upon elm--sycamore upon wych elm--cinnamon rose upon hipberry--a whitethorn upon a blackthorn--hipberry upon a sloe1 or skeye1 or bullace--apricot upon a mulberry--arbutus upon a mulberry--cherry upon a peach--oak upon a chesnut--katherine peach upon a quince--a warden upon a quince--a chesnut upon a beech--a beech upon a chesnut--an hornbeam upon a beech--a maple upon an hornbeam--a sycamore upon a maple--a medlar upon a service tree--a sumack upon a quince or medlar--an hawthorn upon a service tree--a quicken tree upon an ash--an ash upon an asp--an oak upon an ilex--a poplar upon an elm--a black cherry tree upon a tilea or lime tree--tilea upon beech--alder upon birch or poplar--a filbert upon an almond--an almond upon a willow--a nux vesicaria upon an almond or pistachio--a cerasus avium upon a nux vesicaria--a cornelian upon a cherry tree--a cherry tree upon a cornelian--an hazel upon a willow or sallow--a lilac upon a sage tree--a syringa upon lilac or tree-mallow--a rose elder upon syringa--a water elder upon rose elder--buckthorn upon elder--frangula upon buckthorn--hirga sanguinea upon privet--phyllerea upon vitex--vitex upon evonymus--evonymus upon viburnum--ruscus upon pyracantha--paleurus upon hawthorn--tamarisk upon birch--erica upon tamarisk--polemonium upon genista hispanica--genista hispanica upon colutea4 ,nor are we to rest in the frustrated success of some single experiments1 but to proceed in attempts in the most unlikely unto iterated and certain conclusions1 and to pursue the way of ablactation or inarching4 ,whereby we might determine whether1 according to the ancients1 no fir1 pine1 or picea1 would admit of any incision upon them2 whether yew will hold society with none2 whether walnut1 mulberry1 and cornel cannot be propagated by insition1 or the fig and quince admit almost of any1 with many others of doubtful truths in the propagations4 ,and while we seek for varieties in stocks and scions1 we are not to admit the ready practice of the scion upon its own tree4 ,whereby1 having a sufficient number of good plants1 we may improve their fruits without translative conjunction1 that is1 by insition of the scion upon his own mother1 whereby an handsome variety or melioration seldom faileth--we might be still advanced by iterated insitions in proper boughs and positions4 ,insition is also made not only with scions and buds1 but seeds1 by inserting them in cabbage stalks1 turnips1 onions1 etc41 and also in ligneous plants4 ,within a mile of this city of ,norwich1 an oak groweth upon the head of a pollard willow1 taller than the stock1 and about half a foot in diameter1 probably by some acorn falling or fastening upon it4 ,i could show you a branch of the same willow which shoots forth near the stock which beareth both willow and oak twigs and leaves upon it4 ,in a meadow ,i use in ,norwich1 beset with willows and sallows1 ,i have observed these plants to grow upon their heads2 bylders1 currants1 gooseberries1 cynocrambe1 or dog's mercury1 barberries1 bittersweet1 elder1 hawthorn4 ,,corrigenda ,vol4 ,i4 ,page #d1 line #bd4 ,for than read that4 #ig1 #aj4 ,for fell in love read carnal'd4 #bbg1 #d4 ,for ,capio read ,capo4 #cjj1 #h4 ,for ,apicus read a ,picus4 #cja1 #cj4 ,for ,caterpillaries read capillaries4 ,,ii4 #aaa1 #ad4 ,prega1 ,dio omit comma4 #bjf1 #a4 ,for ,tarus and ,fulius read ,varus and ,julius4 ,,index ,aaron1 i4 #bhb1 #bhd2 ii4 #abc4 ,aaron's breastplate1 i4 #ach4 ---- mitre1 iii4 #bfd4 ---- 7rod71 ii4 #bgi2 iii4 #bch4 ,abdachim1 iii1 #bec4 ,abdella1 iii4 #bec4 ,abderites1 iii4 #gd4 ,abecedary1 i4 #bej4 ,abel1 i4 #fa1 #ib1 #abd1 #aca2 ii4 #ac1 #gg1 #cbc2 iii4 #i4 ,aben-,ezra1 ii4 #afh1 #bcb2 iii4 #bcb4 ,abergevenny 7,lord71 iii4 #dai4 ,abortion1 i4 #aga1 #bce1 #bhb2 ii4 #bfj4 ,abraham1 i4 #ai1 #bg1 #gj1 #ahg2 ii4 #bgg1 #ccb1 #chb-c2 iii4 #bje4 ,absalom1 iii4 #b1 #cg4 ,absyrtus1 i4 #cae1 #cbc4 ,abydenus1 iii4 #aec4 ,academics1 i4 #ii4 ,acapulco1 iii4 #cde4 ,achilles1 i4 #ic1 #bcj2 ii4 #bgj2 iii4 #acb1 #acg1 #bci4 ,achilles's horse1 i4 #cac4 ,achilles ,tatius1 i4 #bdf4 ,achitophel1 iii4 #ch4 ,achmet1 iii4 #eea4 ,aconite1 i4 #bha1 #bij2 iii4 #fi4 ,acorns1 i4 #aaf2 iii4 #agj-a1 #bfj-a4 ,acosta1 ii4 #ced4 ,acteon1 i4 #aeh4 ,actium1 ii4 #cfb4 ,actius1 i4 xlix1 #hi4 ,acus1 ii4 #cj4 ,adam1 i4 #cd1 #ce1 #ee-g1 #fa1 #fh1 #gf1 #ha1 #hf1 #ib1 #ajb1 #ajg1 #abb-e1 #abg-h1 #ace1 #ahb1 #bij2 ii4 #aj1 #ac1 #cg1 #ge1 #acj1 #acg1 #baj-ab1 #bhe2 iii4 #e4 ,adamant1 i4 #bcf4 ,adder1 i4 #ccg2 ii4 #bef4 ,addercock1 iii4 #eca4 ,admah1 iii4 #cbf4 ,ado of ,vienna1 ii4 #cba4 ,adrian1 ,emperor1 i4 #afe2 iii4 #ajf1 #add4 ,adricomius1 iii4 #c1 #bfh1 #bge4 ,adultery1 i4 #cbe4 acides1 iii4 #cbg4 gineta4 ,see ,paulus4 lfric1 iii4 #caj4 lian1 i4 #cd1 #aee1 #agb1 #agd-e1 #ahi1 #bia1 #cac1 #cba1 #cbh1 #ccb1 #cdd2 ii4 #a1 #ai1 #bb1 #bf1 #ea1 #fc1 #ff-h1 #ga1 #hi1 #aei1 #bjb1 #bcd1 #bed1 #bei1 #bgg2 iii4 #gf4 milianus1 iii4 #dcf4 neas1 i4 #cdd2 ii4 #ccc2 iii4 #acb4 neas ,sylvius1 ii4 #cif4 olian magnets1 i4 #bed4 olus1 i4 #beb2 ii4 #bgb4 quicola 7,m471 iii4 #cbj4 schines1 iii4 #de4 schylus1 iii4 #gf4 sculapius1 i4 #ahh1 #cdg2 ii4 #ajf2 iii4 #eeb4 son1 i4 xliii1 #fa4 sop1 i4 #acd1 #ach1 #cba-b4 thiopia1 ii4 #g4 thiopis1 i4 #big4 tites1 i4 #bce1 #bhb4 tius1 i4 #aef1 #aga1 #bde-f1 #cbe1 #ccb2 ii4 #ii1 #aig-h1 #bjh4 ,affection1 i4 #id4 ,africa1 i4 #be1 #gh1 #bbg1 #bcj1 #bce1 #cdd2 ii4 #ade1 #bhj1 #ccd1 #ceb-c4 ,africans1 i4 #cje4 ,agades1 ii4 #cgb4 ,agamemnon1 ii4 #bdc2 iii4 #acb1 #aci4 ,agaric1 iii4 #bif4 ,agars1 iii4 #dh4 ,agary1 iii4 #bif4 ,agate1 i4 #bjh1 #bef1 #bhd4 ,agathius1 iii4 #fe4 ,age 7old71 i4 #aaf1 #cdb4 ,agesilaus1 ii4 #cbj4 ,agnus ,castus1 i4 #aga4 ,agostino 7,a471 iii4 #afc4 ,agricola1 ,emperor1 iii4 #ajh4 ---- 7,georg71 i4 #bjc1 #baa-ab2 ii4 #bgh4 ,agriculture1 ii4 #cjg-h4 ,agrippina1 i4 xlvii4 ,ague1 i4 #aff-g2 ii4 #bhb2 iii4 #cgh4 ,agullas1 ii4 #cdi4 ,ahasuerus1 iii4 #adi4 ,ahaz1 iii4 #c4 ,ainsworth1 ii4 #bfb2 iii4 #bfe4 ,ajax1 i4 #cah2 iii4 #acb4 ,alabaster1 i4 #bef4 ,alanes1 ii4 #bhj4 ,alaric1 iii4 #adc4 ,albertus ,magnus1 i4 xxvii1 #afg1 #age1 #bjb1 #bca1 #bce1 #bdi1 #bfb-c1 #bhd1 #bhh1 #cbf1 #cea2 ii4 #a1 #db1 #fc1 #fg-h1 #hb1 #ii1 #aef2 iii4 #g1 #bid-e4 ,albricus1 ii1 #beg4 ,albuquerque1 ii4 #cfe4 ,alcala de ,henares1 ii4 #bh4 ,alcanna1 iii4 #hj4 ,alcharma1 iii4 #bbd4 ,alciati1 i4 xii1 #aff2 iii4 #fe4 ,alcinous1 iii4 #c1 #aec1 #bfi4 ,alcmena1 ii4 #ci1 #bfh4 ,alcmena's nights1 iii4 #acf4 ,alcoran1 i4 xxxii1 #cg1 #adf1 #adh4 ,alder1 i4 #bga1 #bgd4 ,aldrovandus1 i4 #baj1 #bbc1 #bhi1 #cbb1 #cbf1 #cbi1 #ccc1 #cde2 ii4 #a1 #f1 #ae-af1 #bd-e1 #db1 #fc1 #gd-e1 #he1 #hi-ib1 #aef1 #bje1 #bjg1 #bed2 iii4 #bea-b1 #ebi1 #eda4 ,aleazar1 i4 #bhd4 ,alemannus 7,nic71 iii4 #ff4 ,alexander1 i4 xxxvi1 xlvi1 #dj1 #gg1 #gh1 #ahh1 #bca1 #bdc1 #cje1 #cdc2 ii4 #adh1 #bcg1 #bfd1 #ceg1 #cff2 iii4 #fh1 #gg-h1 #abe4 ---- his boy1 ii4 #eh4 ---- 7,pope71 ii4 #ba4 ---- 7,bp471 iii4 #daj4 ,alexandria1 i4 #bdc2 ii4 #cfj2 iii4 #cbg1 #edc4 ---- ,library1 i4 #ch4 ,alexandro 7,alexander ab71 i4 xviii1 xli2 ii4 #aag1 #abj4 ,alexia1 i4 xxxvii4 ,alexis ,pedimontanus1 i4 #agf4 ,alfonso1 ,duke of ,ferrara1 i4 #bgd-e4 ,algiers1 ii4 #bhj4 ,alhazen1 i4 #cce2 iii4 #fb4 ,alkermes1 iii4 #bfj4 ,allatius 7,leo71 iii4 #ga4 ,allegories1 i4 #adc4 ,almanzor1 i4 #adh4 ,almond1 ii4 #cce4 ---- trees1 i4 #bic2 iii4 #bci4 ---- bitter1 i4 #bih4 ,alnwick 7,will471 ,bp41 iii4 #daa4 ,aloe1 i4 #bef2 ii4 #aig2 iii4 #bie-f4 ,alphonso1 ii4 #cdi4 ,alpinus 7,prosper71 ii4 #cfj4 ,alps1 ii4 #cee2 iii4 #gd4 ,alum1 i4 #bjd1 #bee1 #bef2 ii4 #cia1 #cid4 ,alumen plumosum1 ii4 #ba4 ,alured1 iii4 #caj4 ,alva 7,duke of71 iii4 #caa4 ,alvarez 7,fr471 i4 #bcj2 ii4 #cef4 ,amandus ,zierexensis1 iii4 #aaa4 ,amaranth1 iii4 #abh4 ,amasis1 ii4 #e4 ,amatus ,lusitanus1 i4 #cbd2 ii4 #ai1 #bh2 iii4 #bd4 ,amazons1 ii4 #abc2 iii4 #gi4 ,amber1 i4 #bee1 #beg1 #bei1 #bfj2 ii4 #bfh2 iii4 #ed4 ,ambergris1 i4 #afe2 ii4 #hh4 ,ambidexters1 ii4 #abe1 #acj4 ,ambition1 iii4 #ach1 #deb4 ,ambracia1 iii4 #bdh4 ,ambrose1 i4 #age1 #bed1 #cjh2 ii4 #bei4 ---- ,hexameron1 ii4 #d4 ,ambuscado1 i4 #aij4 ,america1 i4 #cf1 #bbg-h1 #bca1 #bce1 #bdj1 #bid1 #cbb2 ii4 #be1 #fa1 #ha1 #hc1 #acg1 #bgd1 #cci1 #cda1 #ced1 #ceg1 #cfg1 #cga1 #cgh2 iii4 #cjg1 #cab1 #cdg4 ,americus1 i4 #bbi4 ,amethyst1 i4 #baj1 #bee1 #bhd-e4 ,ammianus ,marcellinus1 i4 xxxiii2 ii4 #aec4 ,ammon1 i4 #ahh4 ,ammonia1 ii4 #cid4 ,ammoniac1 i4 #bjd-e4 ,ammonites1 ii4 #bhj4 ,amomum1 i4 #bif4 ,amorites1 ii4 #cha4 ,amos1 iii4 #d4 ,amphibium1 i4 #ea4 ,amphibologie1 i4 #ada4 ,amphilochus1 iii4 #ci4 ,amphion1 iii4 #gg4 ,amphisbna1 ii4 #bb4 ,amphitryon1 ii4 #ci4 ,amulets1 i4 #aie1 #aih1 #bfi4 ,anabaptists1 i4 xvii4 ,anacreon1 ii4 #adc4 ,anania1 i4 #cbh4 ,ananias1 iii4 #ga4 ,anastasius ,sinaita1 i4 xxx2 iii4 #aeg4 ,anatiferous trees1 ii4 #aa4 ,anatomy1 i4 xlii1 #ed4 ,anaxagoras1 i4 xlvi1 #gc1 #afc1 #aii1 #bag4 ,anaxarchus1 i4 xlvi4 ,anaximander1 i4 #afc4 ,anaximenes1 ii4 #beb4 ,anchiale1 iii4 #gg4 ,anchor1 ii4 #bjf4 ,anchovy1 i4 #cbj4 ,ancona1 iii4 #dg4 ,anconians1 iii4 #ajf4 ,andes1 ii4 #cee4 ,andirons1 i4 #bba4 ,andreas1 i4 #aah4 ,andromeda1 ii4 #aic1 #bej1 #cge4 ,angelo1 ii4 #bab4 ,angels1 i4 xli1 xlii1 #cg1 #abc1 #ahi1 #aij1 #aib2 ii4 #cgh2 iii4 #ejh4 ---- ,good1 i4 #dg1 #dh4 ,angelus doce mihi jus1 i4 #bdj4 ,anglerius 7,p4 ,m471 i4 #cbb4 ,angles 7people71 iii4 #aab4 ,anglesea1 iii4 #aac1 #dcb1 #eah4 ,anglia ,cymbrica1 iii4 #aab4 ,anguillara1 iii4 #bca4 ,animadversions1 i4 #a4 ,animals1 i4 #cjh2 ii4 #aa4 ,anime4 ,see ,gum ,anime4 ,annihilation1 i4 #gb4 ,anomi1 i4 xxiii4 ,annius of ,viterbo1 ii4 #ccc1 #chj4 ,answers of the ,oracle1 iii4 #ccb4 ,antus1 iii4 #gi4 ,antemon1 i4 xlix4 ,anthem ,book1 iii4 #cjb4 ,anthology 7,greek71 ii4 #ade4 ,anthony1 i4 #aid1 #bde1 #cej2 ii4 #bge1 #ceh2 iii4 #aai4 ,anthropophagi1 i4 #ee4 ,anthropophagy1 i4 #aeh2 ii4 #cgh4 ,anticera1 i4 #adi4 ,antichrist1 i4 #ab1 #df1 #ff4 ,anticks1 i4 #fj4 ,antidotes1 iii4 #fi4 ,antigonus1 i4 #agj2 iii4 #cbh4 ,antimony1 i4 #bji1 #bee-f1 #bfa1 #bfi1 #bgg2 ii4 #ada4 ,antiochus1 i4 xxxi1 xlix2 ii4 #bee2 iii4 #dc4 ,antipater1 iii4 #cgd4 ,antipathies1 i4 #fb1 #hc4 ,antipodes1 i4 xxxviii1 #da1 #afa1 #afd1 #aii2 ii4 #cja1 #cci4 ,antiquity1 i4 #aeb4 ,antlers1 i4 #cdc4 ,antoeci1 i4 #beb2 ii4 #cja4 ,antonini1 iii4 #dcc4 ,antoninus1 i4 #agd1 #aif2 ii4 #bgc2 iii4 #ajf4 ,antonius1 i4 xxvii1 #aga2 ii4 #baf4 ,ants1 i4 #bd4 ,anvils1 i4 #bfc4 ,antwerp1 i4 #bbf2 ii4 #ch1 #fh4 ,anubis1 ii4 #ahe4 ,ape1 i4 #cab2 ii4 #da1 #aef4 ,apelles1 i4 xxix4 ,aper1 i4 #aif4 ,apicius1 iii4 #bcc1 #eda4 ,apicus4 ,see ,picus4 ,apis1 ii4 #cgf4 ,apollinaris1 i4 #aib4 ,apollo1 ii4 #d1 #hi1 #aah1 #bgb1 #cfb2 iii4 #dj-a4 ,apollodorus1 i4 #bda2 iii4 #dc4 ,apollonius ,thyaneus1 i4 xlviii1 #afj1 #agj2 ii4 #bh4 ,aponensis1 ii4 #ic4 ,apostles1 i4 #gh4 ---- names1 i4 #cjc4 ,appion1 iii4 #cda4 ,apple1 i4 #bic2 ii4 #cib4 ---- of ,paradise1 iii4 #b4 ,april1 ii4 #ahj4 ,apuleius1 i4 xv1 xxvii1 xxxiii1 xli1 #aee2 ii4 #add1 #bfh4 ,apulia1 iii4 #bbf4 ,aqua fortis1 i4 #bjd1 #bjf1 #bae1 #bba1 #bcg1 #beg1 #bfa1 #bgi1 #bgg2 ii4 #fd4 ,aquapendente1 ii4 #ajc4 ,aqua ,regis1 i4 #bgg-h4 ,aqua vit1 i4 #bjg1 #bfa4 ,aqueducts1 ii4 #bfh-i4 ,aquila1 ii4 #aeg1 #bic4 ,aquitaine1 iii4 #cad4 ,arabia1 i4 #cb1 #bdc2 ii4 #f1 #g1 #ha1 #ccb1 #cdf1 #cgh1 #chj-b4 ,arabians1 i4 #ad1 #adh4 ,arabic writers1 i4 #agf4 ,ararat1 i4 #cf2 ii4 #cdh4 ,aratus1 i4 #aef1 #cdd2 ii4 #afd1 #cje4 ,arcadians1 ii4 #ahj1 #bhh4 ,archangelus1 ii4 #aae4 ,archelaus1 ii4 #cc4 ,archemorus1 iii4 #ii4 ,archidoxes1 i4 #cb4 ,archigenes1 ii4 #afg4 ,archilochus1 ii4 #cbj4 ,archimedes1 i4 #agi1 #cjg2 ii4 #bec2 iii4 #ge1 #gg1 #gi1 #acf4 ,archimime1 iii4 #acj4 ,arcotas1 ii4 #bec4 ,arcturus1 ii4 #cjc1 #djj4 ,arden1 i4 #ach4 ,ardoynus1 i4 #agd1 #ccb4 ,aremboldus1 i4 xvi4 ,arethusa1 i4 xix1 #ac4 ,aretius1 ii4 #ccc4 ,arginusa1 ii1 #cgg4 ,argol1 ii4 #cid4 ,argonauts1 ii4 #ccb4 ,argos1 ii4 #ccb4 ,argulus1 iii4 #dcd4 ,argus1 i4 #cjg2 ii4 #df1 #di1 #bgi4 ,arians1 i4 #ae4 ,aries1 ii4 #aia1 #cjc4 ,arimanius1 i4 #aih4 ,arimaspi1 ii4 #c4 ,ariminum1 i4 #bbc4 ,ariolation1 i4 #acg4 ,arion1 ii4 #bje4 ,ariosto1 ii4 #ei2 iii4 #chb4 ,aristeas1 ii4 #bic4 ,aristeus1 ii4 #c4 ,aristobulus1 ii4 #cfi1 #cge4 ,ariston1 i4 #aef4 ,aristophanes1 iii4 #cja4 ,aristotle1 passim4 ---- his death1 iii4 #db4 ,aristoxenus1 i4 #adb2 ii4 #ha4 ,arithmetic1 i4 #afb4 ,ark1 i4 #cd-e2 ii4 #i1 #gi1 #aca1 #ccj1 #cdh1 #cgh2 iii4 #gi4 ,arkites1 ii4 #chc4 ,armado1 i4 #bh4 ,armenia1 ii4 #ccb2 iii4 #adh1 #bfj4 ,armenian bishop1 iii4 #ga4 ,arnoldus1 iii4 #gb4 ,arphaxad1 ii4 #bid4 ,arrianus1 ii4 #bcg1 #cec2 iii4 #cgi4 ,arrius1 i4 #aia4 ,arrow1 i4 #bgf4 ---- divining1 ii4 #bhj4 ,ars longa1 i4 #afg4 ,arsenic1 i4 #bee-f1 #bfa1 #bgg1 #bha1 #bij4 ,arsinoe1 i4 #bdc4 ,artaxerxes1 i4 #afi2 ii4 #f1 #bfa2 iii4 #fh4 ---- ,longimanus1 ii4 #aie2 iii4 #adi4 ---- ,mnemon1 iii4 #adi4 ,artemidorus1 ii4 #acc2 iii4 #bba1 #eea4 ,artemisia1 iii4 #abc4 ,artephius1 i4 #cdj4 ,artergates1 ii4 #bed4 ,arthur 7,king71 iii4 #ia4 ,artichoke1 ii4 #cib2 iii4 #aff4 ,artificial ,hills1 ,of1 iii4 #cbb4 ,artillery1 i4 xxxiii4 ,arvadites1 ii4 #chc4 ,arvirage1 iii4 #caa4 ,asa1 ii4 #chb4 ,asafoetida1 iii4 #bbe4 ,asclepiades1 i4 xx2 ii4 #gh4 ,asbeston1 ii4 #ba4 ,ascendent1 ii4 #cdc4 ,ash1 i4 #bic4 ,ash-tree1 i4 #cjf4 ,ashbury1 iii4 #aac4 ,ashes1 i4 #bgj4 ,asia1 i4 #gh1 #bbg-h4 ,asmodeus1 i4 #ahi4 ,asp1 i4 #ccg-h2 ii4 #bcf4 ,asparagus1 iii4 #bei4 ,asphaltites 7,lake71 iii4 #eb4 ,asphaltus1 i4 #beg4 ,asphodels1 iii4 #acb4 ,asprage1 iii4 #ecc4 ,ass1 ,asses1 i4 #aed1 #aff1 #cdf2 ii4 #ha1 #chf-g4 ---- 7,indian71 ii4 #fg1 #fh1 #ga4 ,assur1 ii4 #adi1 #cca4 ,assyria1 ii4 #ccb1 #cce4 ,asteria1 i4 #baj2 ii4 #ae4 ,asteropus1 ii4 #acj4 ,astipala1 ii4 #cbd4 ,astley 7,herbert71 iii4 #dba4 ,astomi1 ii4 #ei4 ,astra1 iii4 #dfe4 ,astrampsychus1 iii4 #cha1 #eea4 ,astrology1 i4 #ei1 #ach2 ii4 #ahb1 #aii1 #bjj1 #bha1 #cdc2 iii4 #dhf4 ,astronomers1 i4 #afb2 iii4 #bai4 ,astronomy1 i4 #ih1 #bab4 ,athanasius1 i4 xli1 #cec2 ii4 #ceh4 ,atheism1 i4 #cb1 #ahd4 ,atheists1 i4 #fg1 #ajh4 ,athenus1 i4 #aah1 #aee1 #agc2 ii4 #hi1 #aah1 #aef1 #aeh-i1 #bae1 #bba1 #bfg1 #bgg1 #cbd2 iii4 #dc1 #ea1 #gf-g1 #aai4 ,athenians1 i4 #adc1 #adg1 #cci2 ii4 #bhe4 ,athens1 i4 #adb1 #afb2 ii4 #ccb4 ,athos1 iii4 #ge4 ,atlantic1 iii4 #eca4 ,atomist1 i4 #gi4 ,atoms1 i4 #beh4 ,atropos1 i4 #ib4 ,attalus1 iii4 #aej1 #cce1 #dhh4 ,attila1 ii4 #bbh4 ,augspurg1 i4 #bdg4 ,auguries1 i4 #aid4 ,augurs1 ii4 #acb4 ,augustine1 ,st41 passim4 ,augustus1 i4 xxvii1 xl1 #aei1 #aid1 #bih1 #ccf2 ii4 #aga1 #beb2 iii4 #dj1 #ahe4 ,aurelius ,victor1 i4 xxxiii4 ,aurichalcum1 i4 #bee4 ,aurum fulminans1 i4 #bgg4 ,ausgurius1 iii4 #aab4 ,ausonius1 i4 #cdd2 ii4 #bfa2 iii4 #bag1 #cjd4 ,authority1 i4 #afa4 ,authors1 i4 #afh4 ,autochthons1 ii4 #bhe4 ,autumn1 i4 xxix1 #ce2 ii4 #cjj-cjc4 ,auvergne 7,bp4 of71 iii4 #dfh4 ,avarice1 i1 #gg1 #ajh2 iii4 #chi1 #ddf4 ,ave-,mary ,bell1 i4 #i4 ,aventinus1 i4 xxxix2 ii4 #cie-f4 ,averroes1 ii4 #bgc2 iii4 #ef4 ,avicenna1 i4 #adh1 #afe1 #ccb2 ii4 #adj1 #adf1 #agg1 #bgc-d1 #caj4 ,avignon1 iii4 #daa4 ,ayermin 7,will471 ,bp41 iii4 #daa4 ,aylsham1 iii4 #dab1 #edi4 ,azores1 i4 #bbf-g2 ii4 #cdi1 #cih4 ,azotus1 i4 #di4 ,baal ,seder1 ii4 #bhi4 ,baaras1 i4 #ahi1 #bia4 ,babel1 i4 #cg1 #ih2 ii4 #agh1 #cgh2 iii4 #ag4 ,babylon1 i4 #cba2 ii4 #ajd1 #bhg1 #cca1 #chc2 iii4 #ah1 #gi1 #adh-i1 #aec1 #afb4 ,bacchinus1 ii4 #ch4 ,bacchus1 ii4 #bbi4 ,back-worm1 iii4 #bif4 ,bacon 7,sir ,edmund71 iii4 #if1 #dbh4 ---- 7,francis71 i4 xv1 #bid2 ii4 #ef1 #ada4 ---- 7,nicholas71 iii4 #ic4 ---- 7,roger71 iii4 #dg1 #gb4 ,baconsthorpe1 iii4 #dai4 ,bactriana1 iii4 #fb4 ,bactrians1 ii4 #cbe1 #ccb1 #ccf1 #cgh4 ,badger1 i4 #cbf4 ,bainbrigge 7 71 ii4 #ahh-i4 ,bairros 7,johannes de71 ii4 #cfe4 ,bajazet1 iii4 #dgf4 ,balaam's ,ass1 iii4 #gh4 ,balaustium1 ii4 #cia4 ,baldness1 iii4 #gf4 ,baldwin1 ,king of ,jerusalem1 i4 #dd4 ,balearians1 iii4 #aja4 ,balm1 iii4 #beb4 ,balsam1 iii4 #beb-d4 ,balsam ,oil1 iii4 #bbg4 ,balsomes1 i4 #ajc4 ,baltic1 ii4 #cif2 iii4 #cde-f4 ,banda1 i4 #bic4 ,banyans1 ii4 #gh2 iii4 #cgg4 ,baptism1 ii4 #cfd2 iii4 #ab1 #ad4 ,barbara1 i4 #acd1 #aff4 ---- name1 i4 #cjd4 ,barbarie1 i4 #bgi4 ,barbel1 iii4 #ecg4 ,barbosa 7,odoard71 i4 #bhj4 ,barcephas1 ii4 #baj4 ,barham ,down1 iii4 #cbe4 ,barklow1 iii4 #cbe4 ,barley1 i4 #bfe1 #bhh2 ii4 #ce1 #ajb2 iii4 #bde1 #bed4 ,barnabas1 i4 #acf4 ,barnacles1 ii4 #aa1 #ajg2 iii4 #eaf1 #ece4 ,baronius1 i4 xv1 xxxii2 ii4 #bdg1 #bej2 iii4 #be1 #bh1 #ci1 #ff1 #djf4 ,barthius1 iii4 #cje4 ,bartholanus1 ii4 #cce4 ,bartholinus 7,t471 ii4 #gj4 ,bartholomeus ,anglicus1 i4 #agf4 ,bartlow ,hills1 ,essex1 iii4 #cbe4 ,basaltes1 i4 #baj4 ,basel 7,council of71 iii4 #dji4 ,basil1 i4 #aff1 #age1 #bjb1 #bei1 #bfj1 #cje2 ii4 #bf1 #bei1 #cgi4 ,basilicus1 ii4 #ahi4 ,basilides1 i4 #aib4 ,basilisco1 i4 #ij4 ,basilisk1 i4 #agh1 #cca4 ,basque1 iii4 #caa-ab4 ,bass 7fish71 iii4 #ecb4 ,bat1 ii4 #b1 #eb4 ,batavia1 i4 #bhj2 iii4 #cdf4 ,bateman 7,william71 ,bp41 iii4 #daa4 ,batrachomuomachia1 i4 #hi4 ,bauhinus1 ii4 #aae2 iii4 #ic4 ,bavaria1 ii4 #if4 ,bayfius1 iii4 #cja4 ,bay-trees1 i4 #bih2 iii4 #aaf1 #abh1 #bfd4 ,bdellium1 i4 #bjf4 ,beach1 ii4 #cgc4 ,beans1 i4 #ada4 ,bear1 i4 #bf1 #ch1 #agi1 #cbh2 ii4 #cgf4 ---- 7fish71 ii4 #ge4 ,beauty1 ii4 #cha1 #chd-e4 ,beaver1 i4 #agi1 #cba2 ii4 #dj2 iii4 #agi1 #ech4 ,becanus 7,goropius71 iii4 #a4 ,beck 7,anthony de71 ,bp41 iii4 #dji4 ,beckher 7,daniel71 i4 #bdg1 #bdi4 ,beda1 i4 xxxi1 xxxix1 #bda1 #bdc1 #cag2 ii4 #e1 #baj1 #bij1 #chf2 iii4 #caj4 ,beds1 i4 #bci2 iii4 #aeg1 #afd4 ,bee1 i4 #bd1 #bhi2 ii4 #ig-h1 #ajg4 ,beef1 ii4 #bhb1 #cbd4 ,beer1 i4 #bih4 ,beetle1 i4 #acg1 #cbg2 ii4 #bb1 #de1 #fg4 ,befler1 iii1 #ic4 ,beggars1 i4 #aaj4 ,beguinus 7,joh471 i4 #bgh4 ,behemoth1 iii4 #gd4 ,belemnites1 i4 #baj1 #bhc4 ,belisarius1 iii4 #fe1 #cjj1 #dgf4 ,bell 7,passing71 i4 #ie4 ,bells1 i4 #i4 ,bellabonus1 i4 #bfb4 ,bellarmine1 i4 xx1 xlviii4 ,bellermontanus1 i4 xxxv4 ,bellerophon's horse1 i4 #bdc4 ,bellinus1 iii4 #aaa4 ,bellonius1 i4 #bie-f1 #cjg1 #cbb1 #cbd2 ii4 #ea1 #hi1 #ib1 #bjf1 #cea1 #cfe1 #cij1 #cif2 iii4 #agi1 #bbb1 #beb1 #bfa1 #ebf4 ,belomancy1 ii4 #bhj4 ,belus1 i4 #ade2 ii4 #cca2 iii4 #ah4 ,bembine tables1 i4 #cch4 ,bembus1 iii4 #aeb4 ,benedict1 ,pope1 i4 xx4 ,benedict ,,iii41 ,pope1 iii4 #ga4 ,benjamin1 i4 #bee-f4 ,benjamites1 ii4 #abd4 ,benzira1 iii4 #eh4 ,bergamo1 i4 #baa4 ,berg cum ,apton1 iii4 #dai4 ,bergomas 7,philippus71 ii4 #cif4 ,beringuccio1 i4 #bgd-e2 iii4 #aag4 ,bernard 7,st471 i4 xxxi2 ii4 #age4 ,beroaldus1 ii4 #afe2 iii4 #beh4 ,berosus1 ii4 #cbj1 #cca1 #ccd1 #chj2 iii4 #af1 #ah1 #gi4 ,beryls1 i4 #bjf1 #bab1 #bee1 #bhd-e4 ,bethany1 iii4 #gi4 ,betony1 i4 #cjd2 iii4 #bif4 ,bevis1 i4 #cd4 ,beza 7,th471 i4 xvi42 iii4 #bgg4 ,bezo las ,manos1 i4 #bg4 ,bezoar1 i4 #afe1 #bef1 #bhd2 ii4 #ga1 #gc4 ,biarmia1 i4 #bda4 ,,bible1 passim4 ,bible 7,translations71 iii4 #bfe4 ,bibliotheca ,abscondita1 iii4 #cej4 ,biddulph1 iii4 #ec1 #bfb1 #bfi4 ,bigot family1 iii4 #dje4 ,bilboa1 iii4 #cab4 ,bilney 7,thomas71 iii4 #dbe4 ,bindweed1 iii4 #bgi4 ,bird of ,paradise1 ii4 #f1 #fa4 ,birdcatcher1 iii4 #ebb4 ,birdlime1 i4 #bfa1 #bie4 ,birds1 i4 #adf1 #bcj1 #cjc2 ii4 #aaa-ab2 iii4 #c1 #bij-b4 ,birds and ,fishes in ,norfolk1 iii4 #eaa4 ,bisciola 7,laelius71 i4 #bdj4 ,bishop1 ,universal1 iii4 #fb4 ,bisnaguer1 iii4 #bhe4 ,bistorte1 ii4 #cia4 ,bittern1 iii4 #bib4 ,bittor1 ii4 #ib1 #aac2 iii4 #eah4 ,bitumen1 i4 #cb1 #ahi1 #beg4 ,blackberry1 ii4 #cic4 ,blackbird 7white71 ii4 #chd4 ,blackness1 ii4 #cfg-i1 #cie4 ,bladder1 i4 #bfc-d2 ii4 #ada4 ,blakeney1 iii4 #ecb4 ,blancanus1 iii4 #aeg4 ,blatta ,byzantina1 iii4 #bbe4 ,bleaks1 iii4 #ecb4 ,blickling1 iii4 #djh1 #edi4 ,blindness1 ii4 #db-e4 ,blochwitius1 i4 #cjf4 ,blood-stones1 i4 #bhd4 ,blount 7,sir ,h471 i4 xx1 xli4 ,blue1 ii4 #cie4 ,blunt 7,sir ,h471 ii4 #aeb4 ,blyburgh river1 iii4 #ecd4 ,boadicea1 iii4 #ajf4 ,boar1 i4 #cdd1 #cdf4 ,bocatius1 ii4 #age4 ,bocca di porco1 iii4 #fj1 #fa4 ,boccatius1 ii4 #bed4 ,boccace1 i4 #aaa4 ,bochartus1 ii4 #cce1 #cfd2 iii4 #ag4 ,bodine1 ii4 #agd-e1 #agi1 #bge1 #bhh4 ,bodinus ,subicus1 ii4 #bci4 ,boeotia1 ii4 #cge4 ,boethius 7,a4 ,m4 ,t4 ,s471 i4 xxii1 xxiv1 xlv2 iii4 #bhh4 ,boetius4 ,see ,boot4 ,bohemia1 ii4 #cif4 ,boio1 i4 xxxix4 ,boissardus1 ii4 #bcd4 ,bolary earth1 iii4 #dca4 ,boleyn 7,sir ,w471 iii4 #djg4 ,bologna1 i4 #cae1 #cbi4 ,bolsech1 iii4 #gb4 ,bonatus 7,g471 ii4 #agg4 ,bonaventura1 iii4 #e4 ,boniface1 ,pope1 iii4 #fb4 ,bononian stone1 i4 #bhb2 ii4 #ajj4 ,bontius 7,jacobus71 ii4 #ajg4 ,bonus 7,petrus71 iii4 #gb4 ,books 7rarities71 iii4 #ceb4 ,boot 7,boetius1 de71 i4 #bjc1 #bjh1 #bab1 #bda1 #bfa1 #bgh1 #bhb2 ii4 #ae1 #af1 #fi1 #ge1 #cda4 ,bootes1 ii4 #cjc4 ,boramez1 ii4 #ajf4 ,borax1 i4 #bgd4 ,borchardus1 iii4 #gi4 ,bordeaux1 iii4 #bag4 ,boreas1 ii4 #bgb4 ,borith1 iii4 #afg4 ,borneo1 iii4 #bbd4 ,bosio1 iii4 #aad1 #aai4 ,bos in lingua1 i4 #cci4 ,bos marinus1 ii4 #ge4 ,bosphorus1 ii4 #ahf4 ,bosvile family1 iii4 #djd4 ,botanists1 iii4 #bba4 ,botero1 ii4 #cbh1 #cef2 iii4 #de4 ,boulian1 iii4 #cjc4 ,boulimia ,centenaria1 iii4 #edd4 ,bovillus 7,c471 iii4 #bja4 ,box1 i4 #beg2 iii4 #aaf4 ,bracelets1 ii4 #che4 ,brachmans1 iii4 #ajj4 ,braden1 iii4 #ecg4 ,brahe 7,tycho71 ii4 #bih4 ,brain1 ii4 #aae2 iii4 #fj4 ,brake ,fern1 i4 #aga1 #bba1 #bch1 #cjb4 ,brampton1 iii4 #ajh1 #dcj4 ,brancaster1 iii4 #aje1 #ajg4 ,brannodunum1 iii4 #aje4 ,brass 7,corinthian71 i4 #bee4 ,brassavolus1 i4 #bjb1 #bab1 #bfb1 #bfg1 #bgd-e1 #bic1 #bie2 ii4 #ae1 #bj4 ,brazil1 i4 #bbg-h2 ii4 #cga-c2 iii4 #dfc4 ,bream1 iii4 #ecg4 ,brennus1 iii4 #aaa4 ,briar1 wild1 i4 #cja4 ,briareus1 i4 #aeh4 ,bricks1 i4 #bba1 #bgi2 iii4 #aad4 ,briggs 7,w471 i4 #bbf4 ,brimstone1 i4 #ahi1 #bga-b4 ,briony1 i4 #bhf1 #bhh1 #bhi1 #bif4 ,bristol-stone1 i4 #bee4 ,britain1 i4 #bdj2 ii4 #cce1 #cig4 ,brixia1 ii4 #f4 ,brocardus1 iii4 #ccb4 ,brock1 i4 #cbf4 ,brome 7,richard71 iii4 #djd4 ,broom ,rape1 iii4 #bei4 ,broth 7black71 ii4 #hj4 ,browne 7,thomas71 ,bp41 iii4 #dji4 ,brunham 7,w4 de71 iii4 #djh4 ,brutus1 i4 #adc1 #aia1 #aid4 ,bucephalus1 i4 #cje2 iii4 #bbg4 ,buchan 7,david1 ,earl of71 iii4 #dea4 ,buchanan 7,g471 i4 xviii2 ii4 #bd4 ,buckingham ,castle1 iii4 #ajh4 ,budeus1 iii4 #gd4 ,bulgaria1 ii4 #cif4 ,bullets1 i4 #bgf4 ,bull-rush1 i4 #cjd4 ,bure1 iii4 #ecf-g4 ,burgh ,castle1 iii4 #ajg1 #dcb4 ,burgundy1 order of1 ii4 #bea4 ,burnham1 iii4 #aie1 #ecc-e4 ,burstcow1 ii4 #ii4 ,burton 7,john71 iii4 #dbj4 ,busbequius1 i4 xxxv1 xlviii4 ,bustamantinus 7,franciscus71 ii4 #bh4 ,bustard1 iii4 #eai4 ,butt 7fish71 iii4 #ecc4 ,butter1 i4 #bfd1 #bgd4 ,butterflies1 ii4 #aa1 #bb1 #de4 ,buxhornius1 iii4 #cac4 ,buxton1 iii4 #ajf1 #aae1 #dcj-a4 ,buxtorf1 ii4 #ade2 iii4 #bgg4 ,buzzard1 ii4 #bb1 #aje2 iii4 #eag1 #eci4 ,byzacian field1 iii4 #bdf-g4 ,cabala1 i4 #ach1 #baa1 #bcj1 #bca1 #bcc1 #bce1 #bee1 #beg2 ii4 #cih4 ,cabbage1 ii4 #aj2 iii4 #ie4 ,cabeus1 i4 #beg2 ii4 #dcj2 iii4 #dg1 #ic4 ,cabot 7,sebast471 i4 #bbh4 ,cacus1 iii4 #che4 ,cadamustus1 i4 #cac2 iii4 #bi4 ,cades1 i4 #bif4 ,cadesh1 ii4 #chb4 ,cadmus1 i4 xxxiv1 #bhi2 iii4 #aeb4 ,ccili1 ii4 #de4 ,csalpinus1 iii4 #bfd4 ,csar1 i4 #aaa4 ,csaria1 ii4 #cce4 ,csarian conquest1 iii4 #dic4 ---- cut1 iii4 #chb4 ,csius 7,bernardus71 i4 #bjc1 #bdj4 ---- 7,fred471 i4 #cjb4 ,cain1 i4 #ha1 #ib1 #abd1 #abi1 #acc-a2 ii4 #ac1 #gg4 ,cainan1 ii4 #bjd4 ,cairo1 ii4 #cee1 #cfj1 #cfb1 #cif2 iii4 #bec4 ,caistor1 iii4 #ajf1 #aae4 ,caius the blind1 i4 #aif4 ,cajetan1 i4 xvi2 iii4 #f1 #i4 ,calabria1 i4 #cb2 ii4 #acf4 ,calbanum1 i4 #bef4 ,calceolarianum1 iii4 #cej4 ,caldron1 i4 #adb4 ,calendar1 ii4 #caa4 ,calf 7,golden71 i4 #ga1 #acg4 ,california1 iii4 #cjh4 ,caligula1 i4 #a2 ii4 #bag4 ,calisthenes1 ii4 #bhg1 #cei4 ,callipygae1 ii4 #acg4 ,callyonimus1 i4 #cbj4 ,calthorpe 7,eliz471 iii4 #dja4 ,calvary1 ii4 #ccc4 ,calvin1 i4 #aa4 ,calvisius1 ii4 #cjb4 ,cambogia1 ii4 #cga4 ,cambridge1 i4 liv2 iii4 #dji1 #daa-ab1 #ecg4 ,cambyses1 iii4 #ada4 ,camden 7,w471 iii4 #de1 #aac1 #cbe1 #ech4 ,camel1 i4 #bd1 #cab1 #cda1 #cdf2 ii4 #fe1 #gd1 #cbd1 #cgj1 #cgh4 ,cameleon1 ii4 #cfa4 ,camerarius1 i4 #afi2 ii4 #bf4 ,camoys nose1 ii4 #cgg4 ,campanel1 i4 lii4 ,campegius1 ii4 #aed4 ,camphire1 i4 #bje1 #beg1 #bgb1 #bgf1 #cjc2 ii4 #hg1 #chi2 iii4 #bbd4 ,cana1 i4 #db4 ,canaan1 ii4 #ccb1 #cha1 #chc4 ,canaries1 ii4 #ccd1 #ceg1 #cih4 ,canary ,isles1 ii4 #cdi1 #cee1 #cih-i4 ,cancer1 ii4 #cgb-c4 ,candace1 ii4 #chb4 ,candia1 iii4 #bgd4 ,candie1 ii4 #bi4 ,candish1 i4 #bca4 ,candy1 ii4 #cgc4 ,candle1 candles1 ii4 #bgh2 iii4 #ha4 ,candlemas1 ii4 #caa4 ,candlestick1 ,golden1 ii4 #bhb4 ,canis levis1 ii4 #fa4 ,cannibals1 i4 #ee2 ii4 #cgh4 ,canutus1 iii4 #ajg4 ,cap ,verde ,isles1 ii4 #cii4 ,cape of ,good ,hope1 ii4 #fg1 #cgc4 ,capel1 i4 xix4 ,capella 7,martianus71 ii4 #bcd2 iii4 #ejg4 ,capillaries1 i4 #bid1 #cja4 ,capo de las ,agullas1 i4 #bbg1 #bbi2 ii4 #cdi4 ---- ,frio1 i4 #bbg1 #bce4 ---- ,negro1 ii4 #cgb4 ,cappadocia1 ii4 #bdh1 #bfj4 ,cappadox 7,johannes71 iii4 #ff4 ,capriceps1 i4 #cai4 ,capricorn1 ii4 #cgb-c4 ,caracalla1 i4 #ahh2 ii4 #bci2 iii4 #ajh4 ,caramania1 i4 #baa2 ii4 #cff2 iii4 #bbe4 ,caranna1 i4 #bee4 ,carbuncles1 i4 #bee1 #bha4 ,cardanus 7,hier471 i4 #agf1 #bjc1 #bej1 #bfb1 #bgc-d2 ii4 #cf1 #ch1 #hb1 #ia1 #ii1 #adh1 #aef1 #bec1 #bgf1 #cdb1 #ced2 iii4 #acb1 #cgc1 #cgi1 #cha1 #dfh1 #ecg1 #eea4 ,cardigan1 iii4 #ech4 ,carians1 ii4 #ahj4 ,caricatura1 iii4 #cgf1 #did4 ,cariola1 iii4 #abe4 ,carion1 ii4 #cba4 ,carlton1 iii4 #dji4 ,carobe1 iii4 #bbf4 ,carolostadius1 i4 xix4 ,carp1 ii4 #ad2 iii4 #ech4 ,carpenter 7,nat471 i4 xxiv1 xxv4 ,carpocras1 i4 #aib4 ,carrots1 i4 #bhf4 ,cartaphilus1 iii4 #ga4 ,carthage1 i4 #big2 ii4 #ccd4 ,casalius1 ii4 #bbb1 #bbd2 iii4 #aad4 ,casaubon1 i4 #agc2 ii4 #aei1 #bbb1 #bfg2 iii4 #aai1 #caj1 #dcb4 ,casements1 i4 #bbb4 ,cassia1 ii4 #aig4 ,cassiodorus1 i4 #cjh2 iii4 #abj4 ,cassius 7,l471 i4 xxxvii1 #aia1 #aid4 ---- ,severus1 i4 xlix4 ,castellanus1 ii4 #hb4 ,castellionus 7,a471 ii4 #bdh4 ,castellus1 i4 #cbe4 ,castile1 iii4 #caa4 ---- arms of1 ii4 #bee4 ,castilia del ,oro1 ii4 #cgb4 ,castle-soap1 iii4 #abd4 ,castor1 i4 #aei1 #ccf2 ii4 #dj2 iii4 #ajg4 ,castoreum1 i4 #cbc1 #cbe2 iii4 #bbe4 ,castro 7,leo de71 i4 xxxii4 ---- 7,rodericus a71 iii4 #bd4 ,cat1 i4 #acg1 #cad1 #cda2 ii4 #ajg1 #ace4 ,cataneo1 i4 #bgf4 ,catapucia1 i4 #cje4 ,catarrh1 i4 #cjf4 ,caterpillars1 i4 #cja4 ,cathay1 iii4 #cdh4 ,cathedrals1 i4 #aji4 ,catkins1 iii4 #afe4 ,cato1 i4 #fb2 ii4 #hj1 #bgd1 #cje1 #cbj1 #chj2 iii4 #ie1 #acc-d1 #chh4 ,catoblepas1 i4 #ccb4 ,catullus1 iii4 #dch4 ,caucasus1 i4 #caj4 ,causanus 7,nicolaus71 ii4 #age4 ,cebes1 iii4 #chh1 #dcc4 ,cecrops1 ii4 #ccb4 ,cedar1 i4 xxvi1 #beg2 iii4 #bbd1 #bfb4 ,cedrenus1 ii4 #bgi2 iii4 #fe4 ,cefala1 ii4 #cgb4 ,cellers1 i4 #bga4 ,ceneus1 i4 #bih4 ,cenotaphs1 iii4 #abj4 ,censorius 7,m4 ,messala71 i4 xlix1 #a2 ii4 #aga1 #agd1 #agi1 #bhh2 iii4 #dc4 ,centaurs1 i4 #ada1 #agd4 ,centipedes1 ii4 #bb4 ,cerastes1 ii4 #ca4 ,cerautus1 i4 #baa4 ,cerberus1 i4 #aeh2 ii4 #chf4 ,ceres1 ii4 #bed4 ,,certain ,,miscellany ,,tracts1 iii4 #bac4 ,cestius1 iii4 #aef4 ,cevalerius1 ii4 #bdi4 ,chad1 iii4 #eca4 ,chairs1 iii4 #aeh4 ,chalcis1 iii4 #dc1 #df4 ,chaldea1 ,chaldeans1 ii4 #bhg1 #cbj-a1 #cej1 #cif2 iii4 #ajj4 ,chali1 i4 #bjf1 #bch4 ,chalk pits1 i4 #bhc4 ,chalybeates1 i4 #bde4 ,chalybs prparatus1 i4 #bca4 ,cham1 ii4 #ccc1 #cfh1 #chj-a1 #chc2 iii4 #adh1 #ecd4 ,chamberpot1 i4 #adc4 ,chameleon1 ii4 #bj1 #ej4 ,changelings1 i4 #de4 ,chaos1 i4 #bg4 ,characters1 i4 #aie4 ,charcoal1 ii4 #chh4 ,chariot1 ii4 #bch4 ,charity1 i4 #hc1 #ij1 #ic1 #aaj4 ,charlatans1 i4 #ach4 ,charles the ,great1 iii4 #aeg4 ,charles ,v41 ii4 #bec1 #cfg2 iii4 #ach1 #cgd4 ,charles the ,bald1 ,king of ,france1 iii4 #cje4 ,charles ,i41 ,king1 iii4 #eaf4 ---- his porter1 iii4 #edj4 ,charms1 i4 #aie1 #aih4 ,charon1 i4 #aeh2 iii4 #acb4 ,charta ,magna1 co4 ,kent1 iii4 #dja4 ,cheapside1 i4 #ii4 ,cheek burn1 ii4 #bff4 ,cheese1 ii4 #cdh2 iii4 #gc4 ,chelbena1 iii4 #bbe4 ,chemistry1 i4 #bjh4 ,chemists1 i4 #afg4 ,cheops1 i4 #bci2 iii4 #afd ,cheremon1 i4 #ahj4 ,cherinthus1 i4 #aib4 ,cherry1 ii4 #cic-d4 ,cherry-stone1 ii4 #fe4 ,cherubim1 ii4 #bef1 #ccc4 ,cheshire1 iii4 #aac4 ,chess1 i4 #cb2 iii4 #afj4 ,chestnut1 i4 #bic4 ,chiamsi1 i4 #bhj4 ,chiapa1 iii4 #cjh4 ,chicken1 i4 #aie2 ii4 #ajc1 #ach4 ,chifflet1 iii4 #aaj1 #aeg4 ,child1 children1 i4 #aaa2 ii4 #bgf-g2 iii4 #dhg4 ---- dead1 ii4 #bhb4 ,childeric ,i41 iii4 #aaj1 #aag4 ,chili1 i4 #bbh2 ii4 #cgb4 ,chimra1 ii4 #a4 ,china1 ,chinese1 i4 xxxiii1 #bhj2 ii4 #cci1 #cee1 #cfb1 #cgg2 iii4 #ajb1 #bbd1 #cdg4 ---- ,emperor of1 i4 #bha4 ---- dishes1 i4 #bee1 #bgi-ha2 iii4 #fi4 ,chindonactes1 iii4 #dcd4 ,chioccus 7,andr471 i4 #bhb4 ,chipper1 iii4 #ebd4 ,chiromancy1 i4 #hg2 ii4 #bgf4 ,chiron1 i4 #gh4 ,chit1 iii4 #eai4 ,chock1 iii4 #ebc4 ,choler1 i4 #caf4 ,chomer1 ii4 #cih4 ,chough1 ii4 #cgg2 iii4 #ebc4 ,choughs1 i4 #cdj1 #cdd4 ,,christian ,,morals1 iii4 #dci4 ,christmas ,eve1 i4 #bie4 ,christopher 7,st471 ii4 #bdg4 ,chrysippus1 ii4 #age2 iii4 #gc4 ,chrysolites1 i4 #fi4 ,chrysoprase1 i4 #bhd4 ,chrysostom1 i4 xxxi1 xli2 ii4 #bba1 #bhi4 ,chub1 iii4 #ecg4 ,church-,music1 i4 #aja4 ,church of ,god1 i4 #gh4 ,chus1 ii4 #cha2 iii4 #adh4 ,ciaconius1 ii4 #baf4 ,cicada1 ii4 #bjg2 iii4 #bhi1 #bic4 ,cicero1 i4 xviii1 xix1 xxvii1 xl1 xliii1 xliv1 #ch1 #fa1 #aja1 #aei1 #afj1 #afh2 ii4 #eg1 #age1 #aha2 iii4 #aej1 #eeb4 ,cicilia1 ii4 #ca4 ,cinders1 i4 #bci4 ,cinaber1 ii4 #cid4 ,cinnamomus1 ii4 #f4 ,cinnamon1 i4 #bib2 ii4 #f2 iii4 #ba1 #bbf4 ,cinnamulgus1 ii4 #f4 ,circa1 i4 #bia4 ,circe1 i4 #bij2 ii4 #afe1 #bgi4 ,ciris1 iii4 #bhi1 #bib4 ,citron1 i4 #adh4 ---- ,tree1 iii4 #bgd4 ,civet ,cat1 i4 #cbe2 ii4 #adh4 ---- 7,western71 i4 #bci4 ,civita ,vecchia1 iii4 #ecd4 ,claudian1 i4 #bjb1 #bdg2 ii4 #g4 ,claudius1 ,emperor1 i4 xxxiii1 xlvi1 xlix1 #bii2 ii4 #f2 iii4 #aje-f4 ,claudius ,pulcher1 i4 #aie4 ,clave 7,de71 ii4 #ada4 ,claxton1 iii4 #eaf4 ,clemens ,alexandrinus1 i4 #aef2 ii4 #bij1 #bih2 iii4 #cja4 ,clement ,,viii41 ii4 #bde4 ,cleobulus1 i4 #aei4 ,cleopas1 ii4 #b4 ,cleopatra1 i4 #bde2 ii4 #baf1 #bce1 #cei1 #cfb2 iii4 #bec1 #bfh4 ,clepsammia1 ii4 #bea4 ,clepsydra1 ii4 #bea4 ,cleve 7,william1 ,duke of71 iii4 #bih4 ,climacter1 i4 #dd4 ,climacterical year1 ii4 #afj4 ,climate1 i4 #hd4 ,climax1 ,mt41 iii4 #gg4 ,clocks1 i4 xxxv2 ii4 #bea-b4 ,clouds1 i4 #bgc4 ,clove1 i4 #bib4 ,cloven hoof1 ii4 #bge4 ,cluniac monks1 ,thetford1 iii4 #dje4 ,clusius1 ii4 #ga1 #he-f4 ,cneoron1 i4 #bdf4 ,coal-fish1 iii4 #ecb4 ,coble bird1 iii4 #ebb4 ,coccus ,baphicus1 iii4 #bif4 ,cochlus1 iii4 #gb4 ,cock1 i4 #cjc1 #cbj1 #cda2 ii4 #if4 ---- 7white71 i4 #aif4 ,cocks-comb1 ii4 #ha4 ,cock's egg1 i4 #cce4 ,cockatrice1 i4 #cca-c1 #ccg4 ,cockle 7weed71 iii4 #bgi4 ---- 7shell71 iii4 #ecd4 ,cocles1 iii4 #gi4 ,cod1 ii4 #ad1 #hd2 iii4 #ecb4 ,cods 7vegetable71 iii4 #bbf4 ,codignus1 ii4 #ade1 #cef1 #chb4 ,codronchus 7,b471 ii4 #aga4 ,codrus1 i4 #fb4 ,coffins1 iii4 #aae4 ,coins1 ii4 #bje2 iii4 #ajf-g4 ,coition1 i4 #ajj1 #adh2 ii4 #bfj4 ,colcagninus 7,coelius71 i4 #bcj4 ,colcothar1 ii4 #cib4 ,colein1 ,queen of1 i4 #bfc4 ,colepepper 7,john71 iii4 #dja4 ,colls 7,abel71 iii4 #dba4 ,collyrium1 i4 #afg1 #aif4 ,colocynthis1 i4 #aig2 ii4 #aig2 iii4 #bca4 ,cologne1 ,three ,kings of1 iii4 #be4 ,colossus1 i4 #bd4 ,colour1 ii4 #cfg1 #chd4 ,columbaries1 i4 #cah4 ,columbus1 i4 #bbh-i2 ii4 #cgb2 iii4 #f4 ---- of ,sicily1 ii4 #bci4 ,columella1 i4 #aee1 #bhh2 ii4 #cje1 #cdd2 iii4 #beh4 ,columna 7,f471 iii4 #ahd4 ,comestor1 i4 xxii2 iii4 #e4 ,comets1 ii4 #djj4 ,commodus1 ii4 #bij2 iii4 #ajf1 #dfh4 ,company1 iii4 #dhi4 ,compass1 i4 #bbf1 #bca4 ,comphosis1 iii4 #ahe-f4 ,conception1 i4 #aga2 ii4 #abg1 #bgc4 ,conchis 7,gul4 de71 i4 #agf4 ,confucius1 iii4 #cji4 ,conger1 iii4 #ecb4 ,congor1 i4 #bac4 ,coniah1 ii4 #aag4 ,conies1 i4 #cda2 ii4 #cbd4 ---- 7place71 ii4 #cce4 ,conimbricenses1 i4 xxiii4 ,conscience1 i4 #if4 ,consortion1 iii4 #dhh4 ,constance1 ,council1 i4 xxxvii1 #da2 iii4 #djb4 ,constans1 iii4 #ajf4 ,constantine1 ,emperor1 i4 xxxix1 #dc1 #cae2 ii4 #bef2 iii4 #dj1 #abc1 #aea4 ---- writer1 ii4 #cje4 ,constantinople1 i4 #hj2 ii4 #adi1 #cbh4 ,constantius1 iii4 #bid4 ,consumption1 iii4 #bif1 #cgh4 ,continency1 i4 #adb4 ,controversies1 i4 #hi4 ,conversation1 i4 #ajc2 iii4 #dhh4 ,cony1 ii4 #hj4 ,coote1 iii4 #eag4 ,copernicus1 i4 #aaa2 ii4 #cah2 iii4 #dg1 #gf4 ,copher1 iii4 #bbc4 ,copper1 i4 #bcb4 ,coperose1 i4 #bcb2 ii4 #cij-a4 ---- of ,mars1 i4 #bcb4 ,copulation1 i4 #adh1 #bhd4 ,coquus1 i4 xx1 xxviii4 ,cor scorpii1 ii4 #djj4 ,coral1 i4 #bjh1 #bgh-i1 #bhd2 ii4 #bgh1 #cfe4 ,corbet 7,richard71 ,bp41 iii4 #djg4 ,corcyra1 iii4 #dg4 ,cordova 7,fernandius de71 ii4 #cfe-f1 #cif2 iii4 #ff4 ,cordus1 iii4 #bca1 #beg4 ,corinth1 ii4 #cfb2 iii4 #bhb4 ,corinthian brass1 i4 #bee4 ,cork1 i4 #bbd4 ,cormorant1 iii4 #beb1 #eaf4 ,corn1 ii4 #ajb1 ,corn-cockle1 ii4 #ce4 ,cornelians1 i4 #bjf1 #bef1 #bhd4 ,cornelius1 ii4 #aeg4 ,cornerius1 ii4 #ei4 ,cornu ,ammonis1 i4 #baj4 ,cornwall1 iii4 #ebc4 ,coronary ,plants1 iii4 #bha4 ,corsalius 7,andreas71 ii4 #cfc1 #cfe4 ,corvinus1 ii4 #bcc4 ,cosin 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #djg4 ,cosmography1 ii4 #bhc4 ,costa 7,christoph4 71 i4 #cac4 ,cough1 i4 #aed2 iii4 #cgh-i4 ,courtney 7,richard71 ,pp41 iii4 #dah4 ,covarrubias 7,s4 de71 iii4 #dij4 ,cow1 i4 #aed1 #bie2 ii4 #dj4 ,crab1 ii4 #af1 #be1 #ge1 #abi2 iii4 #ecd4 ,crab's eye1 i4 #bfd4 ,crab-apples1 i4 #bic4 ',cracuna' inscr41 iii4 #dcb4 ,cranes1 ii4 #aee2 iii4 #ead4 ,crantsius1 ii4 #cif4 ,crassus1 i4 xxvii2 ii4 #bfd2 iii4 #eh1 #eec4 ,crateras1 i4 #aga4 ,crawfish1 iii4 #ecg4 ,credulity1 i4 #adj1 #adg4 ,creek1 iii4 #dja4 ,creta1 ,cretans1 i4 #b1 #ij2 ii4 #ha1 #ceg2 iii4 #afc1 #bgd4 ,creusa1 ii4 #eh4 ,crevise1 ii4 #da4 ,crinitus 7,petrus71 iii4 #fe4 ,crocodile1 i4 #cab1 #cej2 ii4 #bj1 #hj1 #ceg2 iii4 #ef4 ,crocus ,martis1 i4 #bca-b4 ---- ,metallorum1 i4 #bef1 #bgg4 ,croesus1 i4 #ahh2 ii4 #aah2 iii4 #da-b1 #ccc4 ,crofts 7,john71 ,dean1 iii4 #dja1 #dba4 ,crollins1 i4 #bgg1 #bhf4 ,cromer1 iii4 #ecc-d4 ,cross1 the1 ii4 #bef4 ---- ,true1 i4 #dc4 ---- ,sign1 i4 #aij4 ---- ,andrean1 iii4 #aea4 ---- ,burgundian1 iii4 #aea4 ,cross-legged1 ii4 #bfg4 ,crostwick1 iii4 #hi1 #ebd4 ,crow1 i4 xliii1 #ei1 #cag1 #cbc1 #cdj1 #cdd-e2 ii4 #ad1 #cgg2 iii4 #ebc4 ---- ,white1 ii4 #cgj1 #chd4 ,crown1 iii4 #aeg4 ---- of ,thorns1 iii4 #c4 ,crucius1 ii4 #aih4 ---- ,alsarius1 ii4 #aed4 ,crusius1 ,martinus1 ii4 #bia4 ,cryptography1 i4 #bec4 ,crysolite1 i4 #bhe4 ,crystal1 i4 #bjb1 #bee4 ,ctesias1 i4 #afi1 #agj1 #agc1 #agd2 ii4 #aei2 iii4 #fh4 ,cuba1 i4 #bbh4 ,cubs1 i4 #agd4 ,cuckoo1 iii4 #ebj4 ---- spittle1 ii4 #bjh4 ,cucumber1 i4 #cje2 iii4 #bbg4 ,cummin1 iii4 #bcb-c4 ,cunus1 i4 xxxv4 ,cuneus1 iii4 #afa4 ,cunnyfish1 iii4 #ecj4 ,cupid1 i4 #ajj4 ,curiosity1 concerning too nice1 iii4 #dcg4 ,curlew1 iii4 #eba4 ,curry cart1 iii4 #bbe4 ,curtius 7,l471 iii4 #aej1 #aec4 ---- 7,q471 i4 #fb1 #caa2 ii4 #bcg1 #cfc1 #cff2 iii4 #gi4 ,cusanus1 i4 #bcd4 ,cuthred1 iii4 #ajg1 #abc4 ,cuttlefish1 ii4 #da1 #cic2 iii4 #bif1 #ecc1 #edg4 ,cyceon ii4 #hb4 ,cyclades1 ii4 #cbd4 ,cymbals1 iii4 #cja4 ,cynospastus1 i4 #ahi1 #bia4 ,cypress1 iii4 #aie1 #bbc4 ---- wood1 iii4 #aaf4 ,cyprian1 i4 xix1 #bfb1 #cag4 ,cyprius 7,a471 iii4 #aac1 #cbc4 ,cyprus1 i4 #baa2 ii4 #ba4 ,cypselus1 iii4 #ccf4 ,cyril1 ii4 #d1 #bab2 iii4 #ag4 ,,cyrus1 ,,garden ,,of1 iii4 #ade4 ,cyrus1 i4 #cba2 iii4 #db1 #abe1 #adi4 ,cyrus the ,younger1 ii4 #add4 ,dace1 iii4 #ecg4 ,ddalus1 i4 #aeh4 ,dagon1 ii4 #bed4 ,dalechamp1 ii4 #f1 #ea1 #agc1 #bff2 iii4 #bfa4 ,damascus1 i4 #aig4 ,damiata1 ii4 #cfj4 ,damon1 i4 #ic4 ,dan1 i4 #df1 #bhb4 ,danus1 i4 xxiii4 ,danes1 iii4 #ajg1 #aab4 ,daniel1 i4 #dd1 #bfe2 iii4 #bbh4 ---- 7,s471 i4 xxxiii4 ,dante1 iii4 #cj1 #abe1 #acc-d1 #cge1 #chb4 ,dantzig1 i4 #bfb4 ,dares ,phrygius1 ii4 #cba4 ,darius1 ii4 #cfa4 ---- ,histaspes1 ii4 #big4 ,darnel1 ii4 #ce2 iii4 #bgg-h4 ,dart-stone1 i4 #bhc4 ,date 7fruit71 ii4 #h2 iii4 #eeb4 ,david1 iii4 #cf4 ,daws1 i4 xliii1 #ei4 ,day1 ii4 #afg-h1 #cji4 ,dead ,sea1 iii4 #ccj4 ,dead-watch1 i4 #bii4 ,death1 i4 #da1 #fb-c1 #ajg1 #bii2 iii4 #dgi4 ,dedan1 ii4 #cha4 ,dee 7,john71 ii4 #bec4 ,deer1 i4 #cab1 #cdj2 ii4 #dj1 #gb1 #cgg4 ,defenda me ,dios de me1 i4 #ajc4 ,deformity1 ii4 #bfj4 ,deiphobus1 iii4 #acb4 ,delos1 ii4 #cac4 ,delphi1 i4 xl4 #ba1 #fe1 #adc1 #aii2 ii4 #cbd2 iii4 #dj-a1 #ccc4 ,delrio1 i4 xxii1 #c1 #e4 ,delusion1 i4 #df4 ,demetrius1 silversmith1 i4 #acf4 ---- ,phalereus1 i4 xxxii2 iii4 #ci1 #bid-e1 #bih4 ,democritus1 i4 xliii1 #hi1 #ia1 #acf1 #ahh1 #aij1 #bag2 iii4 #gi1 #eec4 ,demons1 ii4 #if4 ,demosthenes1 i4 #ahh2 iii4 #fd4 ,denarius1 ii4 #bbc2 iii4 #dcc4 ,denmark1 iii4 #aac4 ,denny 7,sir ,w471 iii4 #djc4 ,derceto1 ii4 #bdb1 #bed4 ,des ,accords1 iii4 #cje4 ,des ,cartes 7,r471 i4 #bah1 #bcc1 #bei4 ,detraction1 iii4 #dfg4 ,deucalion1 i4 xxix1 #ce2 ii4 #g1 #cai4 ,deuteroproton1 ii4 #cjg4 ,deuteroscopy1 i4 #acd4 ,devil1 i4 xli1 #cb1 #gc1 #ahb2 ii4 #bge4 ---- 7,white71 ii4 #chd4 ,diabolism1 iii4 #cib1 #dej4 ,dials1 i4 #bfj2 ii4 #bea4 ,diamond1 i4 #bjc1 #bjh1 #bab-ac1 #bcf1 #bdj1 #bee1 #bfb-c1 #bff1 #bfh1 #bhb1 #bhd-e4 ,diana1 i4 #acf2 ii4 #bgb4 ---- ,temple of1 iii4 #acj4 ---- ,saguntina1 iii4 #beh4 ,diapalma1 ii4 #abb4 ,diaphoenicon1 ii4 #h1 #aih4 ,diatesseron1 ii4 #bhj4 ,dickinson 7,ed471 ii4 #cfd4 ,dictys ,cretensis1 ii4 #cba4 ,dido1 ii4 #gh4 ,didymus1 iii4 #aec4 ,diet1 ii4 #gf4 ,digby 7,sir ,k471 i4 xi1 xiv1 xxxix1 xlvi1 #bah1 #beh-i4 ,digges 7,t71 iii4 #cbe4 ,dijon 7,burgundy71 iii4 #dcd4 ,dill1 iii4 #bb4 ,dinocrates1 i4 #bdc4 ,dio4 i4 #bff4 ,dion ,cassius1 ii4 #bhj1 #cfc4 ,diocles1 ii4 #agg4 ,diocletian1 i4 #aia4 ,diodati1 iii4 #ba1 #bfe1 #bgg4 ,diodorus ,siculus1 i4 #aee1 #aeh1 #afi1 #bjc1 #cjh1 #ccf2 ii4 #abc1 #ahj1 #bcc1 #bch1 #bhf1 #cbj-a1 #cbe1 #cca-c1 #ccf1 #cef-g2 iii4 #adh4 ,diogenes1 i4 #ac1 #ei1 #gg2 ii4 #agd2 iii4 #abi1 #dhf4 ---- ,babylonius1 i4 xlv4 ---- ,cynicus1 ii4 #agd1 #bef4 ---- ,laertius1 i4 xxviii1 li1 #aei1 #bca2 ii4 #agd1 #aic2 iii4 #dc4 ,diomedes1 i4 #aeh2 iii4 #aec4 ,dionysius ,afer1 ii4 #cff1 #cig4 ---- ,halicarnasseus1 i4 #afh2 ii4 #ccc1 #chj4 ---- ,heracleoticus1 ii4 #agd4 ---- ,perregetes1 ii4 #ahe4 ,dioscorides1 i4 #aee1 #aeg1 #afe1 #aga1 #agd1 #bjc1 #baa1 #bde1 #bdi1 #bgh1 #bia1 #bif1 #cbj1 #cbb1 #cbe1 #cbh1 #ccb2 ii4 #ai1 #ba1 #bh1 #ii1 #ajg1 #cia2 iii4 #bb-c4 ,dives1 i4 #gj4 ,dock1 i4 #cjd2 ii4 #cfh4 ,dodder1 iii4 #aei1 #ahi4 ,dodona1 ii4 #baa4 ,dog1 i4 #aee1 #aeh1 #bfd1 #cjc1 #cjf1 #cab1 #cad1 #cci2 ii4 #fe1 #hc1 #ahe1 #cgh4 ,dog-briar1 iii4 #bbc4 ,dog-days1 ii4 #ahc4 ,dog-fish1 ii4 #gd-e2 iii4 #ebh4 ,dog's-grass1 iii4 #aae4 ,dog-star1 ii4 #ahc1 #ceg-h1 #cgc2 iii4 #ada4 ,dog-stones1 i4 #cbf4 ,dolphin1 i4 #cdf2 ii4 #bje2 iii4 #ebg4 ,dominicans1 i4 xvi4 ,domitian1 i4 xxxiii1 #aeh2 iii4 #aah4 ,domitius1 ii4 #gd4 ,doomsday1 ii4 #cja4 ,doradoes1 i4 #hd4 ,dorhawk1 iii4 #ebb4 ,doria 7,andreas71 iii4 #dfj4 ,dorpius1 i4 xv4 ,dorrs1 ii4 #bb4 ,dorset1 ,marquis of1 iii4 #abe4 ,dort ,synod1 i4 #aa4 ,dotterell1 iii4 #eai4 ,dove1 i4 #cag1 #cbj4 ---- houses1 i4 #bga1 #cah4 ---- 7,syrian71 iii4 #bgc4 ,dragon1 i4 #bae1 #bfe4 ,drake1 i4 #bca4 ,drawater1 iii4 #ebd4 ,dreams1 i4 #aje-f1 #ahg2 iii4 #bba1 #chj-a2 7,tract71 iii4 #eej4 ,drink1 ii4 #adb4 ,droggotoshen1 i4 xxxi4 ,dromedaries1 i4 #bd4 ,dropsies1 i4 #bde4 ,drowning1 ii4 #ace4 ,druids1 i4 #bie2 iii4 #aaa1 #dcd4 ,drums1 i4 #agd4 ,drunkenness1 ii4 #bgc4 ,drusius1 i4 #bhh2 iii4 #bj1 #bb4 ,dryinus1 i4 #ccb4 ,du ,bartas1 i4 xxv1 xxvi4 ,ducks1 i4 #ccf-g2 iii4 #eag4 ,dugdale 7,sir ,w471 iii4 #ia1 #cbb4 ,duina1 ii4 #cef4 ,du ,loyr1 iii4 #df1 #cjc1 #cgh4 ,dunning 7,chancellor71 iii4 #dji4 ,durante1 iii4 #c4 ,duretus1 i4 #bfg4 ,durazzo1 iii4 #dg4 ,dust1 i4 #ahf4 ,dutch1 i4 #hc4 ---- ,ambassadors1 i4 #bhj4 ,dyers1 ii4 #cid4 ,dysentery1 i4 #bha4 ,eagle1 i4 #bhc1 #bih2 ii4 #c1 #de1 #cac2 iii4 #eac4 ,eaglestone1 i4 #bce1 #bhb4 ,ear tingling1 ii4 #bff4 ,earth1 i4 #acc1 #afb-d1 #ahf1 #bei4 ,earthquakes1 i4 #adh1 #bgc4 ,earwig1 ii4 #if4 ,east1 ii4 #cch4 ,east ,indies1 i4 #bic2 ii4 #ajg1 #cfb4 ,easter ,day1 ii4 #bgb4 ,ebion1 i4 #aia-b4 ,ebony1 i4 #beg4 ,ebusus1 ii4 #ceg4 ,echbatana1 iii4 #ajc4 ,echinites1 i4 #baj1 #bhc4 ,echinometrites1 i4 #baj1 #bhc4 ,echo1 i4 #cad2 iii4 #bja4 ,eckius1 i4 xvi4 ,eclipses1 i4 #aic4 ,ecliptic1 ii4 #cad4 ,edom1 ii4 #cfd2 iii4 #abb4 ,eel1 ii4 #aj1 #ace2 iii4 #ecb1 #ech4 ---- poult1 iii4 #ecg4 ,egg1 i4 #aei1 #bjd2 ii4 #ajd1 #bad4 ---- white of1 i4 #bfa2 ii4 #ai4 ---- shells1 i4 #bgi2 ii4 #bfe2 iii4 #aag4 ,egypt1 i4 #acg1 #aei1 #cej2 ii4 #f1 #g1 #ha1 #hi1 #ib1 #aeh1 #bhf1 #ccb1 #cej-fb1 #cgf1 #cie-f2 iii4 #hj et passim4 ,e'i 7,delphi71 iii4 #cci4 ,ejaculation1 i4 #cbd4 ,elaterium1 ii4 #aig4 ,elba1 i4 #bdb4 ,elder1 i4 #aga4 ,elderberry1 i4 #cjf4 ,eleazer1 i4 xxxii4 ,elect1 i4 #gi4 ,electrical bodies1 i4 #bed4 ,electrum1 i4 #bee4 ,electuary1 ii4 #h4 ,elephant1 i4 #bd1 #bf1 #agj1 #cjh1 #cbf1 #cda2 ii4 #fe1 #bee1 #cbe1 #cgj2 iii4 #bcg4 ---- teeth1 i4 #bef4 ,elephantina1 ii4 #ha4 ,elf-locks1 ii4 #bfh4 ,elias1 i4 xxviii1 xlv1 #cb1 #fe2 ii4 #fb1 #cgh2 iii4 #b1 #ach4 ,elias1 ,rabbi1 ii1 #bia4 ---- ,venetus1 iii4 #cjd4 ,elisha1 i4 #aig2 ii4 #bhj2 iii4 #ed4 ,elizabeth1 ,queen of ,bohemia1 iii4 #dja4 ,elk1 ii4 #gb1 #ij4 ---- hoofs1 i4 #bef4 ,elm1 i4 #bic4 ,elmham1 iii4 #aag4 ---- ,st4 ,mary1 iii4 #dje4 ,elves' spurs1 i4 #bhc4 ,ely ,priory1 iii4 #daa4 ,emanuel1 ,king of ,portugal1 i4 #caa-ab4 ,emblematists1 i4 #ahj4 ,emeralds1 i4 #fi1 #bef1 #bhd-e4 ,emery1 i4 #bad1 #bci1 #bfb4 ,emission1 i4 #cda4 ,emmanuel1 iii4 #fa4 ,empedocles1 i4 xxvi1 #adb1 #afc1 #aih1 #bhg1 #cce2 ii4 #cd4 ,emperors1 i4 #ei4 ,emplastra1 i4 #bdg4 ,empyreal1 i4 #gj4 ,enerin1 iii4 #caj4 ,engaddi1 i4 #bif2 iii4 #bdj4 ,england1 i4 #ha1 #hd1 #bbh-i2 ii4 #adi4 ---- ,church of1 i4 #aa4 ---- 7,midlands71 ii4 #bhe4 ,english language1 i4 #aag4 ,englishmen1 i4 #ij4 ,ennius1 i4 #bcj4 ,enoch1 i4 xxxiii1 #c1 #h1 #aai4 ,enoch's ,pillars1 i4 #ch4 ,enos1 ii4 #cbj4 ,ent 7,sir ,george71 ii4 #af4 ,entelechia1 i4 xx1 xxi4 ,enthymemes1 i4 #agh4 ,envy1 iii4 #ddi4 ,ephod1 i4 #bhd4 ,ephesus1 ,ephesians1 i4 #acf2 iii4 #gg1 #aci4 ,ephraim1 i4 #cbj2 ii4 #abb4 ,epicureans1 i4 xxvi1 #ahf4 ,epicurus1 i4 xxiii1 xxv1 xxviii1 xlii1 xliii1 xlvi1 #cc1 #aij1 #bcd2 ii4 #bhd2 iii4 #gc1 #acc2 et passim4 ,epidaurus1 ii4 #ajf4 ,epilepsy1 ii4 #gb4 ,epimenides1 i4 #b4 ,epiphanius1 i4 xx1 #add1 #age2 ii4 #d1 #h2 iii4 #ag4 ,epithymum1 iii4 #ahi4 ,epius1 i4 #ahj4 ,equator1 i4 #bag-ah2 ii4 #cad-ae4 ,equivocation1 i4 #ada4 ,erasmus1 i4 xv1 xxx1 xlix1 #aei2 ii4 #age1 #cfb2 iii4 #abh1 #bda4 ,erastus1 i4 #bfg4 ,erathius1 ii4 #cbj4 ,eratosthenes1 i4 #aee2 ii4 #adb1 #cej4 ,eremites1 ,friars1 i4 xvi4 ,erica1 iii4 #bbc4 ,eringium1 i4 #bij4 ,erithra1 ii4 #cfd4 ,erpingham1 iii4 #djc1 #edi4 ---- 7,sir ,t471 iii4 #djb4 ,error1 i4 #aba4 ,erythrus1 ii4 #cfc1 #cff4 ,esau1 iii1 #i4 ,esculus1 iii4 #bfa4 ,escutcheons1 ii4 #bbi4 ,esdras1 i4 xxxix1 #dc4 ,esther1 i4 #dd4 ,estius1 ii4 #bbh1 #bhj2 iii4 #ce4 ,eternity1 i4 #ai1 #cch4 ,ethiopia1 i4 #cej2 ii4 #ccb1 #cef1 #ceh1 #cfi1 #cgj-a1 #cgi1 #chb4 ,etna1 ii4 #ceg4 ,etymology1 i4 #bhf-g4 ,eucharist1 i4 #ade2 iii4 #ab1 #ad4 ,eucherius1 ii4 #bjc4 ,euclid1 i4 #afj1 #ahe1 #cce2 ii4 #bec4 ,eudorus1 i4 #aef4 ,eudoxus1 ii4 #afd4 ,eugubinus4 ,see ,steuchus4 ,eumolus1 iii4 #dc4 ,eunuchs1 i4 #cdb4 ,euphorbium1 ii4 #aig4 ,euphorbus1 iii4 #dgj4 ,euphrantides1 ii4 #adg4 ,euphrates1 ii4 #bgj1 #cej1 #cfe4 ,eupolis1 ii4 #adb4 ,euripides1 i4 #fg2 ii4 #adb1 #bba2 iii4 #abj4 ---- ,hecuba1 iii4 #aad4 ,euripus1 i4 li1 #ii2 iii4 #db1 #dd-f4 ,europa1 i4 #cci2 iii4 #bhb4 ,europe1 i4 #gh1 #aid1 #bbg-h4 ,eusebius1 i4 xx1 xxxvii2 ii4 #bij1 #cba2 iii4 #dj1 #hj4 ,eustachius1 iii4 #aec1 #afj4 ,eustathius1 ii4 #adb1 #adg1 #aef4 ,euthymius1 i4 xxxi4 ,euxine1 ii4 #cff2 iii4 #dij4 ,evander1 ii4 #ccc4 ,evangelists1 ii4 #bcb4 ,evax1 i4 #aga1 #bhd4 ,eve1 i4 #ae1 #cd1 #ha1 #abb-e1 #abi1 #adj1 #adc-d1 #cad2 ii4 #ac1 #acg1 #bji1 #bab1 #bhe2 iii4 #e-f1 #aj4 ,evisa1 ii4 #ceg4 ,exantlation1 i4 #aej4 ,eye1 i4 #afg2 ii4 #db-g2 iii4 #bjj4 ,eye-lid1 ii4 #aaa-ab4 ,ezechias4 ,see ,hezekiah4 ,ezekiel1 i4 #fi4 ,ezion-,geber1 i4 #bca2 iii4 #bbj4 ,faber 7,joh471 i4 #cjb2 ii4 #bd-e4 ,fabermarinus1 iii4 #bhh4 ,fabii1 iii4 #ge4 ,fabius ,pictor1 ii4 #cbj4 ,fables1 i4 #aeg4 ,fabritius ,paduantus1 ii4 #bha4 ,fagius 7,paulus71 ii4 #bbg1 #bca4 ,fairy stones1 i4 #bhc4 ,faith1 i4 #ha1 #if4 ,falconry1 iii4 #bid4 ,fallacy1 i4 #adj1 #ada1 #add4 ,falling sickness1 i4 #ahh4 ,fallopius1 ii4 #abe4 ,familist1 i4 #gi4 ,famine1 i4 #cjj4 ,farnese 7,cardinal71 iii4 #aaj4 ,faroe ,island1 iii4 #eae1 #eah1 #ebc4 ,farriers1 i4 #cad4 ,farselloni1 iii4 #gi4 ,fascination1 i4 #ccd4 ,fat1 i4 #bfe4 ,faustina1 iii4 #dcc4 ,favago1 iii4 #agh4 ,faventia1 i4 #bha4 ,fawn1 i4 #ahh4 ,fayus1 iii4 #gb4 ,fazelli 7,thomas71 ii4 #ccc4 ,fecundity1 ii4 #bei4 ,feet1 ii4 #bfi1 #bgj4 ,felicity1 iii4 #dge4 ,fen-cricket1 iii4 #ech4 ,ferdinandus 7,ant471 ii4 #cef4 ,fern1 i4 #aga1 #bjf1 #bba1 #bfd1 #cja4 ,fernelius1 ii4 #ed1 #fc4 ,ferrara1 i4 #bic2 iii4 #aic4 ---- 7,alphonso1 ,duke of71 i4 #bgd-e4 ,ferrarius 7,omnibonus71 iii4 #cge4 ,ferrum equinum1 i4 #big4 ,ferryman 7,elysian71 iii4 #acj4 ,fertility1 iii4 #bga4 ,festus1 ii4 #bce4 ,fiaroumti1 i4 #bgi4 ,fienus 7,thomas71 ii4 #cge4 ,fieschi 7,aloysio71 iii4 #dfa4 ,figs1 i4 #aig4 ,fig tree1 i4 #bih4 ---- ---- 7,parable71 iii4 #bff4 ,filander1 iii4 #bif4 ,finch1 iii4 #ebd4 ,fingal1 iii4 #caa4 ,finger1 ,fingers1 iii4 #eeb4 ---- pectinated1 ii4 #bfg4 ---- 7ring71 ii4 #aag4 ,finsbury1 iii4 #dba4 ,fioravanti 7,l471 i4 #aff4 ,fir tree1 iii4 #bea4 ,fire1 i4 #dg1 #ga2 ii4 #ef-g4 ---- shovel1 i4 #bba4 ,firmicus 7,julius71 iii4 #bid4 ,fish1 ii4 #gd1 #aab1 #aea2 iii4 #ebg4 ,fishes eaten by ,our ,saviour1 iii4 #bhf4 ,fishes and ,birds in ,norfolk1 iii4 #eaa4 ,fitches1 iii4 #bcb1 #bgh4 ,five1 iii4 #bjc-d4 ,flags 7plant71 i4 #bij4 ,flamen1 i4 #caf4 ,flanders1 iii4 #aag4 ,flax1 i4 #bgd2 iii4 #bed-e4 ,fleece1 ,golden1 ,order1 ii4 #bea4 ,flesh1 cutting of1 ii4 #gg-h4 ,fleur-de-lis1 ii4 #bef4 ,flints1 i4 #bjf1 #bjh1 #bef1 #bgb2 ii4 #ef4 ,floating1 ii4 #acd4 ,flood1 i4 #acb2 ii4 #gh1 #cai4 ,flood 7,robert71 iii4 #cje4 ,florianus1 iii4 #dcc4 ,florilegus1 iii4 #ff4 ,florus1 i4 xxvii4 ,flos ,africanus1 i4 #cjf4 ,flowers1 iii4 #aag4 ,fluellen1 i4 #cjd1 ,flux1 ii4 #bhb4 ---- of the sea1 i4 #bd4 ,fly1 i4 #bd1 #bfb1 #cjj-a4 ,folkestone ,abbey1 iii4 #daa4 ,forbidden fruit1 iii4 #a1 #bbg4 ,forceps1 iii4 #afa4 ,forerius1 ii4 #aeg4 ,forestus1 ii4 #aai4 ,fortunate ,islands1 ii4 #cih4 ,fortune1 i4 #cj4 ,fortune-tellers1 i4 #aci4 ,fougade1 i4 #bh4 ,fox1 i4 #aee2 ii4 #hb1 #bfd1 #cgj1 #cgg4 ,fox 7fish71 ii4 #gd4 ,fox-stones1 i4 #cbf4 ,fox 7,john71 iii4 #djf1 #dji1 #daj4 ,fracastorius1 i4 #bda4 ,france1 i4 #cc1 #bbf1 #bbh2 ii4 #ib1 #adi4 ,francherius1 iii4 #cjj4 ,francis ,i41 iii4 #cgd4 ,franciscan opponent1 i4 #cg4 ,frankincense1 i4 #bje2 iii4 #ba4 ,franks1 iii4 #afa4 ,freake 7,edmund71 ,b41 iii4 #dji1 #daa4 ,freculphus1 iii4 #cj4 ,frederick ,,ii41 i4 xxviii2 iii4 #cjj4 ,french1 i4 #hc1 #ij4 ,friends1 i4 #id-e1 #aje4 ,friendship1 i4 #ic2 ii4 #bfe4 ,frobisher1 ii4 #gj4 ,frogs1 i4 xlix1 #hc1 #cab1 #cbg2 ii4 #aa1 #ac1 #ai1 #bj1 #aac1 #acd1 #cgi4 ,frog-fish1 ii4 #gd2 iii4 #ebi4 ,frotho1 iii4 #aab4 ,fuchsius1 iii4 #afh4 ,fuenca1 i4 #bha4 ,fuga ,dmonis1 i4 #ahi4 ,fulgentius1 ii4 #beg4 ,fuller 7,tho471 ii4 #aeg4 ,fundi1 iii4 #bbf4 ,fungus sambucinus1 i4 #cjd4 ,fury1 iii4 #dib4 ,furze1 i4 #big2 iii4 #abi4 ,gabriel ,sionita1 i4 #bdc4 ,gaditane ocean1 iii4 #eca4 ,gaffarel1 iii4 #afe4 ,gaguinus1 iii4 #aab1 #bdg4 ,galaxia1 iii4 #ab4 ,galba1 i4 #caj4 ,galbanum1 iii4 #bbe4 ,,galen1 passim4 ,galileo1 ii4 #afd2 iii4 #dg4 ,gall1 i4 #aid1 #aig1 #baj1 #cad-ae1 #cag1 #cde-f4 ,gallicia1 iii4 #afe4 ,gallienus1 iii4 #ajg1 #dcc4 ,gallows1 i4 #bhi4 ,galuanus ,martianus1 iii4 #aba4 ,gama 7,stephanus de71 ii4 #cfe4 ,gammadims1 iii4 #ajf4 ,ganet1 iii4 #eae4 ,ganges1 ii4 #aeh1 #cec1 #ceg4 ,ganivetus1 ii4 #agg4 ,gans1 i4 #bgi4 ,garagantua1 i4 #cd4 ,garamantes1 ii4 #cgb4 ,garcias4 ,see ,horto4 ,,garden ,,of ,,cyrus1 iii4 #ade4 ,gardeners1 ii4 #ic2 iii4 #adh4 ,gardens1 i4 #cjg2 iii4 #adh4 ,gardiner 7,george71 iii4 #cih-i1 #daj4 ,garfish1 iii4 #ecj4 ,garlands1 iii4 #bha4 ,garlick1 i4 #bce-f2 ii4 #cca1 #cfh4 ,garrulus ,argentoratensis1 iii4 #ebe4 ,garum1 iii4 #bij4 ,gascons1 i4 #ij4 ,gaspar1 iii4 #bf4 ,gassendus1 i4 xxiii2 iii4 #gc4 ,gasserus1 i4 #bca4 ,gaudentinus1 ii4 #ii4 ,gaudentius ,brixiensis1 i4 xxx4 ,gauricus 7,l471 ii4 #afh1 #aih4 ,gaywood ,hall1 iii4 #djh4 ,gaza1 ii4 #ca1 #dc4 ,gazela1 ii4 #adh4 ,geber1 i4 #adh2 iii4 #fc4 ,gellius 7,a471 i4 xi1 li1 #adb2 ii4 #ha1 #aag1 #bcd4 ,gemini1 ii4 #aia4 ,geminus1 ii4 #afd1 #ahd1 #ahg1 #ahi4 ,gems1 i4 #bjh1 #bda4 ---- 7artificial71 i4 #bjf4 ,genebrard1 i4 xx1 xxviii2 ii4 #cif4 ,generation1 ii4 #aj1 #abg2 iii4 #eg4 ,geneva1 i4 #aa4 ,genoese1 i4 #dd4 ,gentianella1 ii4 #cie4 ,gentleman 7,english71 iii4 #dfe4 ,geodes1 i4 #bhc4 ,geoffrey of ,monmouth1 ii4 #cce4 ,geomancers1 i4 #aci4 ,geometry1 i4 #afb4 ,george 7,david71 i4 #ach4 ,george 7,st471 ii4 #bdi4 ,georgius ,alexandrinus1 iii4 #beh4 ---- ,venetus1 iii4 #bcj4 ,gerar1 ii4 #chb4 ,gergazites1 ii4 #cha4 ,gerion1 i4 #aeh2 ii4 #ccd4 ,germanicus1 i4 xlvi1 #caa2 ii4 #ba1 #bdj2 iii4 #cbc4 ,germany1 i4 #ch1 #ij1 #bbh2 ii4 #af1 #fi1 #bjh1 #bhj1 #cif2 iii4 #aja4 ---- ,maid of1 i4 #df4 ,gersom1 ii4 #bhh4 ,geryon1 ii4 #bc4 ,gesner 7,c471 i4 #bgi1 #cbb1 #cbd2 ii4 #ae1 #gd1 #he1 #bje-f4 ,geta1 iii4 #ajh4 ,ghosts1 i4 #ahg4 ,gianat1 ,oriental1 i4 #bhe4 ,gibbartas1 ii4 #hf4 ,gibeonites1 ii4 #bfb4 ,giges1 ii4 #ej4 ,gihon1 ii4 #cej4 ,gilbert1 ii4 #cdi4 ---- 7,w471 ii4 #bbj1 #bbc-d1 #bbg1 #bbi1 #bcc1 #bdj1 #bdg1 #bee1 #bei1 #bib4 ,gillingham1 iii4 #ic4 ,gillius1 iii4 #df4 ,ginger1 i4 #bib4 ,gipsies1 ii4 #cie-g4 ,giraldus1 ii4 #cce1 #chf4 ,girdle1 ii4 #bfi4 ,gith1 iii4 #bcb4 ,glanvile 7,b474 ,see ,bartholomeus4 ,glass1 i4 #bjf1 #bad1 #bch1 #bee-f1 #bei1 #bff4 ---- poison1 i4 #bfd4 ---- 7,venice71 i4 #bji2 iii4 #fi4 ,glasswort1 i4 #bch1 #bfd4 ,glastonbury1 i4 #big4 ,glister1 i4 #bii1 #caf4 ,glory1 ii4 #bbh4 ,glow-worms1 i4 #cdi2 ii4 #ii4 ,gnat1 i4 #cja4 ,gnat-net1 #aeh4 ,gnat-worms1 iii4 #ahg4 ,goa1 ii4 #cbe2 iii4 #aid4 ---- 7tree of71 iii4 #dhd4 ,goaga1 ii4 #cgb4 ,goat1 i4 #bfc1 #bhi1 #cda1 #cdf2 ii4 #bei1 #bge4 ---- blood of1 i4 #bfb-c4 ---- beetle1 iii4 #agd4 ---- stones1 i4 #cbf4 ,goat's head1 i4 #ahh4 ,god1 i4 #ai1 #gb1 #gd1 #aaj1 #abf-g1 #ahc2 ii4 #bgj2 iii4 #bjf1 #dhc4 ,godfrey1 iii4 #fa4 ,godwin 7,f471 i4 #bec4 ,godwits1 iii4 #eai4 ,goes 7,damianus a71 ii4 #chb4 ,gold1 i4 #ej1 #ga1 #bcj1 #bci1 #bdj1 #bej1 #bee1 #bff-g1 #bhd2 ii4 #aah2 iii4 #ed1 #chi1 #ddg4 ---- 7potable71 ii4 #ab1 #fd4 ---- powder of1 i4 #bgg4 ---- sulphur of1 i4 #bgh4 ,goldfinch1 iii4 #ebd4 ,goldwell 7,james71 ,bp41 iii4 #dja4 ,goliah1 ii4 #aeh4 ,goltzius1 ii4 #bje2 iii4 #cbh4 ,gomorrah1 i4 #cb2 iii4 #cbf4 ,goodier1 iii4 #ic4 ,goose1 ii4 #hb2 iii4 #eaf4 ,goose-tree1 ii4 #ajg4 ,gordianus1 ,emperor1 ii4 #bgi2 iii4 #adb4 ,gordon-,huntly1 i4 xxvii4 ,gornart1 iii4 #ecj4 ,goropius ,becanus1 ii4 #fh-i2 iii4 #a1 #c1 #aag4 ,gorrus1 i4 #agd4 ,gothlanders1 iii4 #aab4 ,gourd1 i4 #aig2 iii4 #ba1 #bbb4 ,gout1 i4 #ahh1 #bdf2 ii4 #aag1 #aba1 #acc2 iii4 #cgi1 #cha1 #dfa4 ,gracchus1 i4 #aie4 ,gracculus1 iii4 #bia4 ,gradual ,verses1 iii4 #cjd4 ,,grafting1 iii4 #eee4 ,grammarians1 i4 #hi1 #ih1 #caa4 ,grampus1 iii4 #ebg4 ,granada1 iii4 #caa4 ,granate1 i4 #bad4 ,grand signiours1 i4 #ei2 ii4 #cga1 #cig4 ,grandgousier1 iii4 #gf4 ,grapes1 iii4 #bbd4 ,grass1 ii4 #cfh4 ,grasshoppers1 i4 #hc1 #cbg2 ii4 #bjg2 iii4 #bh1 #bic4 ,gravel1 to1 i4 #cc4 ,gray 7,john de71 ,bp41 iii4 #djh4 ,greaves 7,john71 i4 #bch2 ii4 #cfj2 iii4 #bde4 ,greece1 i4 #aee1 #aei4 ,greek language1 iii4 #djf4 ,greeks1 ii4 #i1 #ccb1 #cci1 #cih4 ,green1 ii4 #cfh4 ,greenback1 iii4 #ecj4 ,greenland1 i4 #bag2 ii4 #gj1 #hf-g1 #aeh1 #aij2 iii4 #hi4 ,greffarel1 ii4 #cih4 ,gregory the ,great1 i4 #bjc2 iii4 #fb4 ,gregorius ,i41 ii4 #add4 ---- ,,vii41 iii4 #gb4 ---- ,turonensis1 ii4 #bej1 #bgi4 ,grevinus1 i4 #agd1 #bff1 #ccb4 ,grey hair1 i4 #aee4 ,griffins1 i4 #aha2 ii4 #a1 #beh4 ,grotius1 i4 xlii1 xlvi1 #afd2 ii4 #gg2 iii4 #bgg4 ,grouse1 iii4 #ebc4 ,grummel1 i4 #cjd4 ,grumwell1 ii4 #ga4 ,gruter1 iii4 #aci1 #dcd1 #dcf4 ,gryps1 ii4 #b4 ,gualata1 ii4 #cgb4 ,guascus 7,laurent71 i4 #bej4 ,guatemala1 iii4 #cjh4 ,gudgeon1 iii4 #ech4 ,guellius1 iii4 #afb4 ,guevara 7,a471 i4 #afj4 ,guienne1 iii4 #cad4 ,guinea1 i4 #bbf2 ii4 #cgg1 #chc4 ,gulielmus de ,conchis1 i4 #agf4 ,gulielmus ,parisiensis1 i4 #bed1 ---- ,tyrius1 ii4 #cea4 ,gum1 i4 #bje4 ---- ,anime1 i4 #bee-g4 ---- ,arabick1 i4 #bje4 ---- ,elemi1 i4 #bee4 ---- ,guiaci1 i4 #bee4 ,gunpowder1 i4 xxxiii1 #bga4 ,guns1 i4 #bcj-a4 ,gyges1 iii4 #gh4 ,gypsum1 i4 #bee1 #bgi2 iii4 #afe4 ,gyrinus1 ii4 #ag4 ,habbakuk1 i4 #di4 ,haddock1 iii4 #ecb4 ,hadrian1 ,emperor1 ii4 #adi1 #bfc4 ,hmatites1 i4 #bce1 #bde4 ,hail1 i4 #bje1 #baj4 ,hair1 i4 #aeg1 #bfe4 ---- 7grey71 i4 #aee4 ,haircutting1 ii4 #bfh4 ,halcyon1 i4 #cej2 iii4 #bhi1 #bia4 ,halec1 iii4 #bhi4 ,hales1 iii4 #djj4 ---- 7,sir ,c471 iii4 #cbe4 ,halicarnasseus4 ,see ,dionysus4 ,halo1 ii4 #bbh4 ,hall 7,joseph71 ,bp41 iii4 #dab4 ,haly1 ii4 #agg4 ,ham1 iii4 #ae4 ,haman1 ii4 #bfj4 ,hamathites1 ii4 #chc4 ,hammers1 i4 #bfc4 ,hammond1 iii4 #bff4 ,hamon1 iii4 #ag4 ,hands1 i4 #hf2 ii4 #abb4 ,hanging1 ii4 #bfj-a2 iii4 #aai4 ,hannibal1 ii4 #acc2 iii4 #gd1 #hj4 ,hanno1 i4 #bcj4 ,happiness1 i4 #fc1 #aaa4 ,harbord 7,philip71 iii4 #dba4 ,hardworm1 iii4 #ech4 ,hare1 i4 #cda2 ii4 #bi1 #cc1 #di1 #hj1 #bfd1 #cgj4 ---- 7,indian71 ii4 #cgh4 ---- 7,sir ,ralph71 iii4 #ajh4 ,harmony1 i4 #ajj1 #aja4 ,harold1 iii4 #aab4 ,harp 7,jew's71 iii4 #aac4 ,harpies1 i4 #aha2 ii4 #a4 ,harpocrates1 ii4 #bfg4 ,harpocration1 i4 #agf4 ,harrington 7,sir ,john71 iii4 #dji4 ,harsnet 7,samuel71 ,bp41 iii4 #dab4 ,hart 7,walter71 ,bp41 iii4 #djj4 ,harts-horn1 i4 #bef2 ii4 #fi1 #gj4 ,harts-tongue1 i4 #cja-b4 ,harvey 7,wm471 ,dr41 ii4 #fe1 #ajd2 iii4 #ic4 ,hassal 7,john71 iii4 #dja4 ,hastati1 iii4 #afa4 ,havilah1 ii4 #cha4 ,hawk1 i4 #bhi1 #cbj1 #cci1 #cdd2 ii4 #d1 #hb1 #cgf2 iii4 #bib4 ---- talons1 i4 #bef4 ,hawks and ,falconry ancient and modern1 iii4 #bid4 ,hazel1 i4 #bgb1 #bgd1 #bic4 ',he' letter1 iii4 #bje4 ,headache1 i4 #bdf2 ii4 #ab4 ,heart1 ii4 #aac2 iii4 #fj4 ,heath 7plant71 iii4 #bbc4 ,heathpoult1 iii4 #ebc4 ,heaven1 i4 #fi1 #gj1 #gc4 ,hebrew language1 i4 xlii2 ii4 #bgg4 ,hecatombs1 ii4 #b4 ,hecatonchiria1 i4 #aeh4 ,hector1 ii4 #bch4 ,hecuba1 iii4 #hb4 ,hedgehog1 i4 #afg1 #cbf1 #cdh2 ii4 #da1 #gd1 #acc4 ---- 7sea71 i4 #bhc1 ,heel1 ii4 #bgj4 ,hefronita4 ,see ,hesronita4 ,heigham1 iii4 #dab4 ,heinsius1 ii4 #dd2 iii4 #bff4 ,helen1 i4 #aei1 #ccf4 ,helena 7,st471 i4 #dc2 iii4 #bg4 ,helenus1 i4 #bej4 ,heliodorus1 ii4 #cge4 ,heliogabalus1 ii4 #ab1 #ha2 iii4 #aji1 #dcc4 ,heliopolis1 ii4 #e4 ,heliotropes1 i4 #bjh1 #bef1 #bhd4 ,helix1 i4 #bi4 ,hell1 i4 #fi1 #ga1 #gc1 #gd2 ii4 #bgb4 ,hellanicus1 i4 #agj2 ii4 #cbj4 ,helmont1 i4 #bcd1 #bch1 #bfa1 #bfd1 #cjj2 iii4 #dga4 ,helvicus1 ii4 #bij1 #cjb4 ,hemlock1 iii4 #gj1 #bbb4 ,hen1 i4 #bhi1 #cjc1 #cce4 ---- 7gold71 i4 #bfh4 ,henares 7,alcala de71 ii4 #bh4 ,henbane1 iii4 #bfe4 ,henry the ,emperor1 iii4 #hc4 ---- ,king of ,navarre1 iii4 #eda4 ---- ,,ii41 of ,england1 iii4 #ia4 ---- ,,iii41 i4 #cab2 iii4 #djh4 ---- ,,viii41 i4 xviii1 #aa4 ,hepatica1 i4 #cjd4 ,hephstus1 ii4 #acc4 ,heraclitus1 i4 #ia1 #aii2 iii4 #ei1 #gi4 ,heraclius1 ii4 #bgi4 ,heraiscus1 i4 #ahj4 ,heraldry1 i4 #he1 #ccc2 ii4 #c1 #bjc1 #bjf2 iii4 #dad-ag4 ---- 7,england71 ii4 #bed4 ,heralds1 i4 #ahj4 ,herba ,trinitatis1 i4 #cjd4 ,herbalists1 i4 #bhg1 #cjc4 ,herbals1 i4 #cbf4 ,herbert 7,william71 ,bp41 iii4 #dje4 ,hercules1 i4 #aeh2 ii4 #ci1 #aei1 #beg1 #ccd2 iii4 #acb4 ---- 7statue71 iii4 #aad4 ---- pillars1 i4 #bea1 #cji4 ,heresbach1 iii4 #bih4 ,heresies1 i4 #ae1 #adc4 ,hermaphroditus1 i4 #ce2 ii4 #aj1 #cd4 #ch4 ,hermes1 i4 #ag1 #bj4 ,hermias1 iii4 #dc4 ,hermippus1 ii4 #agd4 ,hermit 7crab71 iii4 #ecd4 ,hermolaus1 ii4 #ff2 iii4 #cdj4 ,hernandez1 ii4 #be4 ,hernias1 i4 #bde1 #bdg4 ,hero1 ii4 #aah4 ,herod1 i4 #ach2 ii4 #bdc4 ,herodias1 iii4 #aci4 ,herodotus1 i4 #dd1 #aee1 #afe1 #afh1 #agj1 #agd2 ii4 #a1 #c1 #e1 #f1 #bf1 #bh1 #ch1 #hj1 #hc1 #aee1 #agb1 #agi1 #bhf-g1 #cba1 #cca1 #ccf1 #cej-a1 #ceg1 #cgi2 iii4 #ah1 #da1 #di1 #cdj4 ,heron1 i4 #cbj2 iii4 #eah4 ,herostratus1 iii4 #aci4 ,herring1 iii4 #bhi4 ,herthus1 iii4 #aja4 ,hesiod1 i4 xx1 #aef1 #agj1 #agd1 #cdd-e2 ii4 #cje-f1 #cbj-a4 ,hesperides1 ii4 #cii2 iii4 #c4 ,hesronita 7,joannes71 i4 #bdc4 ,hester4 ,see ,esther4 ,hesychius1 ii4 #db1 #bid2 iii4 #cja4 ,heurnius1 ii4 #bei4 ,hevelius1 ii4 #cih-i4 ,heveningham ,heath1 iii4 #ech4 ,hexameter1 i4 #aja4 ,heydon family1 iii4 #dai4 ---- 7,sir ,h471 iii4 #dai4 ---- 7,john71 iii4 #dai4 ,heylyn 7,dr471 ii4 #bdi4 ,hezekiah1 i4 #aig1 #ccg4 ,hiarchas1 i4 #afj4 ,hicket1 ii4 #adf4 ,hickling1 iii4 #eae4 ,hiero1 iii4 #gg4 ,hieroglyphs1 i4 #ea1 #ahj1 #cag-ai1 #cba-b1 #cbe1 #cbh1 #ccc1 #cch1 #cdd2 ii4 #a1 #c1 #g1 #ah1 #bf1 #cb1 #hi1 #aba1 #ahe1 #bjb-c1 #beh1 #bgj-a4 ,hildebrand1 iii4 #gb4 ,hills1 ii4 #cee4 ,hinges1 i4 #bbb4 ,hip-briar1 iii4 #bbc4 ,hipparchus1 i4 #cce2 ii4 #bih4 ,hippocrates1 i4 xxi1 li4 #aec1 #aef1 #afe1 #afg1 #bcd1 #bdf2 ii4 #ci1 #ee1 #fa1 #gj1 #gd1 #hb-c1 #acj1 #adc1 #adf1 #afc-d1 #aff1 #agb1 #agg1 #aid-e1 #aih1 #cjc-d1 #cge-f1 #caj2 iii4 #id4 ,hippolapathum1 i4 #cjd4 ,hippolytus1 i4 #cdg2 iii4 #aea4 ,hippomanes1 i4 #cbc4 ,hipponactes1 iii4 #dch4 ,hippoph1 i4 #bdf4 ,hippuris corulloides1 i4 #bgi4 ,hirpini1 ii4 #bj4 ,hispaniola1 ii4 #cda1 #cgb4 ,historia tripartita1 ii4 #cba4 ,history1 i4 #afc4 ,hitterdal1 i4 #bhc4 ,hivites1 ii4 #cha4 ,hoang1 i4 #bha4 ,hobart 7,sir ,james71 iii4 #cii4 ---- 7,sir ,john71 iii4 #edi4 ,hobbes1 i4 xxi1 xxvii4 ,hobby1 iii4 #bib1 #ebc4 ---- bird1 iii4 #eba ,hofmann1 ii4 #he4 ,hogs1 i4 #bhi1 #cdf2 ii4 #cgi4 ,hoierus1 iii4 #eae4 ,holinshed1 iii4 #aac1 #djh1 #dcb4 ,holland1 i4 #bh4 ---- ,countess of1 iii4 #g4 ,hollanders1 ii4 #cab4 ,hollerius1 i4 #cje4 ,holly1 i4 #bic4 ,holt1 iii4 #djj4 ,holy ,ghost1 i4 #ajb1 #cag4 ,homer1 i4 li1 #cj1 #ii1 #aef1 #afg1 #agj1 #agd1 #bcf1 #bia1 #cja1 #cac2 ii4 #acj1 #adf-g1 #aee1 #afd-e1 #cba1 #ccc1 #cce1 #cej1 #chf2 iii4 #di4 ---- ,odyssey1 ii4 #hb4 ---- ,batracomyomachia1 ii4 #fj4 ,hondius1 ii4 #ceb4 ---- 7,pet471 iii4 #ie4 ,honduras1 iii4 #cjh4 ,honey1 i4 #aif1 #bde2 iii4 #bg4 ,honey-comb stone1 iii4 #afe4 ,hoopoe1 iii4 #bij1 #eba4 ,hopton 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #dji4 ,horace1 i4 xiv1 l1 #ih1 #aed2 ii4 #cj1 #afe1 #bec4 ,horizon1 ii4 #cii4 ,horn 7substance71 ii4 #fi4 ,hornets1 i4 #bhi2 ii4 #bi4 ,horns1 i4 #bad1 #cdb-c4 ,horse1 i4 #cf1 #de1 #ajj1 #aed-e1 #aeh1 #bhi1 #cab1 #cad1 #cdj1 #cdf2 ii4 #dj1 #fe1 #ach4 ---- 7fish71 iii4 #ebi4 ---- dung1 i4 #bjd4 ---- flesh1 ii4 #hc4 ---- leech1 iii4 #ech4 ---- mint1 i4 #cjd4 ---- radish1 i4 #cjd4 ---- shoe1 i4 #bih4 ,horses' eyes1 i4 #bhc4 ,horsey1 iii4 #eae1 #eah4 ,horto 7,garcias ab71 i4 #bdf1 #bib-c1 #cac2 ii4 #fg1 #cbe2 iii4 #be4 ,hortus ,sanitatis1 i4 #agf4 ,hospitals1 i4 #aji4 ,hoties1 i4 #agf4 ,hours1 ii4 #bha4 ,hucherius1 ii4 #aed4 ,hudibras 7upon reading71 iii #dch4 ,hues 7,robert71 ii4 #cii4 ,hugbaldus1 iii4 #cje4 ,hugo1 i4 #cac4 ,hulsius 7,l471 ii4 #bje4 ,humber1 iii4 #dh4 ,humbert 7,st471 iii4 #aaf4 ,humbird1 ii4 #cee2 iii4 #edj4 ,humility1 iii4 #ddi4 ,humming1 ii4 #ig4 ,hungary1 ii4 #cif4 ,hunstanton1 ii4 #he2 iii4 #ebg1 #ecd-e4 ,huntsmen1 iii4 #baj4 ,hus 7,john71 i4 xxxvii1 #da4 ,husks1 iii4 #bbf4 ,hyacinth1 ii4 #gb4 ,hyades1 iii4 #afe4 ,,hydriotaphia1 iii4 #hg4 ,hydrophobia1 ii4 #bjj4 ,hyena1 i4 #agd1 #cbe1 #cci2 ii4 #dj1 #gd4 ,hyeres1 iii4 #bdb4 ,hyginus1 ii4 #bed4 ,hylas1 iii4 #hb4 ,hymn 7,turkish71 iii4 #cjb4 ,hyoscyamus1 iii4 #bfe4 ,hypericon1 i4 #ahi4 ,hypostasis1 i4 #di4 ,hyrcania1 ii4 #ccb4 ,hyssop1 i4 #cjg2 iii4 #ba1 #bbb4 ,iago7,s471 of ,gallicia1 iii4 #afe4 ,iberians1 ii4 #ahj4 ,ibis1 i4 #ccf4 ,icarus1 i4 #aeh4 ,ice1 i4 #bjb1 #bjd-f1 #baa-ab4 ,iceland1 i4 #bhc2 ii4 #fi1 #gj1 #ceg2 iii4 #bfe1 #dbg1 #ebj4 ,iceni1 iii4 #ajf4 ,ichthyophagi1 iii4 #aja4 ,ida 7,mt471 iii4 #bgd4 ,idolatry1 i4 #acd1 #ade1 #adh4 ,idumean ,sea1 ii4 #cfd4 ,ignatius1 i4 xxxi4 ,ignorance1 i4 #hh1 #ii1 #ajj4 ,ilex1 iii4 #bfa-b4 ,illyria1 ii4 #cgi4 ,ilva1 i4 #bdb4 ,immaturity1 i4 #fa4 ,immortality1 i4 #fc2 iii4 #adb4 ,imperator1 iii4 #fb4 ,imperatus 7,ferdinandus71 ii4 #bh4 ,impostors1 ,three1 i4 xxviii1 #cc4 ,impurity1 ii4 #ha4 ,incontinency1 i4 #afg1 #bdi1 #bhd4 ,incredulity1 i4 #adh4 ,india1 i4 #afi1 #bdb1 #bib4 #bid2 ii4 #g1 #fa1 #ha1 #adi1 #ccb1 #cch1 #cda2 iii4 #bef4 ,indian cocks1 i4 #ccc4 ---- stone1 i4 #bhb4 ---- wheat1 iii4 #bdf4 ,indies1 i4 #db1 #bbh1 #bca1 #bci1 #bda4 ,indico1 i4 #bha4 ,inebriation1 i4 #bhd1 #bii4 ,ingrassias1 ii4 #bci4 ,ingratitude1 iii4 #ded1 #dig4 ,injury1 i4 #if4 ,ink1 ii4 #cij4 ,insects1 i4 #bii1 #cja2 ii4 #aa4 ,invocation of ,saints1 i4 #ej4 ,ios1 iii4 #di4 ,iphicles1 ii4 #ci4 ,iphigenia1 ii4 #bdc4 ,ipswich1 ,trinity ,church1 iii4 #dje4 ,ireland1 i4 #bbf2 ii4 #bi1 #aed1 #cce1 #ceg1 #chf2 iii4 #cf1 #caa1 #cgh4 ,irenus1 ii4 #bih4 ,iris1 i4 #bab1 #bee4 ,iron1 i4 #bai1 #bbj1 #bbc1 #bgf2 ii4 #ba1 #fc1 #adj4 ,isaac1 ii4 #bbf4 ,isabel1 ,queen of ,england1 iii4 #cad4 ,isaiah1 iii4 #adc4 ,ishmael1 iii4 #i4 ,isidore1 i4 #age1 #bjb1 #bfb-c1 #bgj1 #cag2 ii4 #bf1 #ca1 #ec1 #bjh1 #bei2 iii4 #bh4 ,isle of ,man1 iii4 #cbe4 ,israelites1 i4 #de2 ii4 #agh1 #bbi4 ,isthmus1 ii4 #cfb-c4 ,istria1 iii4 #cgh4 ,italy1 i4 #cc1 #hc1 #ij1 #ie1 #bha1 #bid1 #cch2 ii4 #ccc1 #cci1 #cha1 #cig4 ,ivory1 i4 #cdg2 ii4 #gj4 ,ivy1 i4 #big1 #cej2 iii4 #aic1 #bbb4 ---- berries1 i4 #cjc4 ---- cup1 i4 #cjf4 ,ixion1 i4 #caj4 ,jackdaw1 iii4 #ebc4 ,jacob1 i4 #ci2 ii4 #de1 #ade1 #cge2 iii4 #b4 ,jacob's ,rods1 iii4 #bcj4 ,jacobites1 i4 xxiii4 ,jacynth1 i4 #bhe4 ,jaffarel1 ii4 #bha4 ,jamaica1 i4 #bbh2 iii4 #cdd4 ,james 7name71 i4 #cjc4 ,janellus1 ii4 #bec4 ,janissaries1 ii4 #f4 ,jann 7,tho47 ,bp41 iii4 #daa4 ,jansenius1 i4 #cag2 ii4 #cb1 #bbe4 ,janus1 i4 #ii2 ii4 #ccc2 iii4 #aee1 #dhi1 #dij4 ,japan1 ii4 #aeh4 ,japhet1 ii4 #cce2 iii4 #ae4 ,jarchi 7,solomon71 ii4 #cdg4 ,jargon1 i4 #ih4 ,jason1 i4 xliii4 ,jasper1 i4 #bef1 #bhd1 #bhe4 ,jaundice1 i4 #caf2 ii4 #cgf4 ---- 7,black71 iii4 #dhf4 ,java1 ii4 #ajg1 #cga4 ,javan1 ii4 #cih4 ,jay1 iii4 #bia4 ,jebusites1 ii4 #cha4 ,jeffery1 7,john71 iii4 #dci1 #ddb4 ,jegon 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #dab4 ---- 7,rob471 iii4 #ajf4 ,jehovah1 i4 #aij4 ,jephthah1 ii4 #bda4 ,jericho1 i4 #aig2 iii4 #be4 ---- ,rose of1 i4 #bie4 ,jerome1 i4 xx1 xxxii1 xlvi1 #bjc2 ii4 #bf1 #de1 #ec1 #aeh1 #bjc1 #bea1 #bhi1 #bic2 iii4 #aai4 ,jeronimus ,egyptius1 ii4 #cbj4 ,jerusalem1 ii4 #bfe1 #bhj4 ---- ,temple1 iii4 #gg4 ,jesuits1 i4 #db4 ,jesus ,christ1 i4 #ge1 #ha1 #abe1 #acj1 #ada1 #aib4 ---- ,blood1 i4 #bfb4 ---- ,sepulchre1 i4 #ag4 ,jet1 i4 #bee1 #beg1 #bei4 ,jethro1 ii4 #chb4 ,jew1 ,jews1 i4 #dj1 #bci2 ii4 #gi1 #adg1 #cde4 ---- 7,wandering71 iii4 #ga4 ---- 7odorous71 ii4 #chf4 ,jew's-ear1 i4 #cjd4 ,jew's harp1 iii4 #aac4 ,joan 7,pope71 iii4 #ga4 ,joash1 ii4 #bhj4 ,job1 i4 #fb1 #ic1 #acj1 #acf2 iii4 #aj4 ,johannes1 i4 #cac4 ---- ,abp4 of ,upsala1 i4 #bda4 ---- ,hesronita1 i4 #bdc4 ,john the ,baptist1 i4 #ddc2 ii4 #bdc1 #bde2 iii4 #bg4 ,john 7,st471 evangelist1 i4 #fi1 #ada1 #cdc2 ii4 #bi4 ---- ,,xx4 7,pope71 iii4 #bc4 ---- ,,xxii41 i4 xx4 ---- of ,oxford1 ,bp41 iii4 #dje4 ---- of ,salisbury1 i4 #a4 ---- 7name71 i4 #cjc4 ,johnson 7,thomas71 i4 #bgi4 ,johnstonus 7,i471 ii4 #hf2 iii4 #ebh1 #ebi1 #eda4 ,jonah1 ,jonas1 i4 #bcj2 ii4 #hf1 #aad1 #bce2 iii4 #ba1 #aai4 ,jonah's ,gourd1 iii4 #bbb4 ,jonas 7,theod471 i4 #bhc4 ,jonathan1 i4 #abc4 ,jordan1 i4 #aig2 ii4 #cef2 iii4 #cca4 ,jorden 7,dr471 ii4 #ef1 #eg1 #cij4 ,jorvalensis1 ,abbas1 iii4 #ajh4 ,joseph1 iii4 #ad4 ---- 7,patriarch71 i4 #bg4 ---- 7,st471 i4 #aib4 ---- 7name71 i4 #cjc4 ---- 7,rabbi ,ben71 iii4 #dc4 ,josephus1 i4 xxxiii1 #cb1 #ch1 #bia1 #cah2 ii4 #bag1 #bhh1 #bic1 #cbj1 #ccc1 #chb2 iii4 #ag1 #ec1 #gg4 ,joshua1 i4 xxxix1 #dd4 ,joubertus 7,laurentius71 i4 #aah4 ,jovinianus1 i4 #aib4 ,jovius 7,paul71 i4 #aga2 ii4 #ga1 #aeh1 #age4 ,jubilee1 ii4 #afi4 ,juda1 i4 #beg4 ,judas1 i4 xxx1 #cf1 #aca1 #aia1 #cjd2 iii4 #b1 #cg4 ---- ,maccabeus1 ii4 #bcg4 ,jugglers1 i4 #aci4 ,juli1 ii4 #bb4 ,julia1 i4 xlvi2 ii4 #ci2 iii4 #aah4 ---- ,pia1 ii4 #bfh4 ,julian1 i4 #fg1 #ace1 #aia1 #aif1 #cje2 ii4 #bab2 iii4 #dj1 #bfi4 ,juliel 7,aben71 i4 #cjd4 ,julius ,africanus1 ii4 #bij1 #cba4 ---- ,alexandrinus1 i4 #cah4 ---- ,csar1 i4 xviii1 xxvii1 xxxiii1 #da1 #fc1 #bdj2 ii4 #ha1 #bcg1 #bhe2 iii4 #acb4 ---- ,rusticus1 ii4 #cig4 ---- ,pope1 i4 lii4 ---- ,,iii41 ii4 #ga4 ,juments1 i4 #aed4 ,junctinus1 ii4 #agh1 #cih4 ,jungermannus1 i4 #aee4 ,juniper1 iii4 #b4 ---- tree1 iii4 #beh4 ---- oil of1 i4 #bfa4 ,junius1 i4 #bae2 iii4 #bgg4 ,juno1 ii4 #bfh4 ,jupiter1 i4 #hi1 #acf1 #ahe1 #bhi1 #bih1 #ccf2 ii4 #ci1 #ha1 #cac1 #ceg4 ---- statue1 iii4 #bdj4 ---- 7planet71 i4 #cj4 ---- ,ammon1 ii4 #bbi4 ---- ,soter1 ii4 #ade4 ,justinian1 i4 #afe4 ,justinus1 ii4 #cca1 #ccf2 iii4 #bec4 ---- martyr1 i4 xxxiii1 xxxvii1 xli1 #dd1 #aee2 iii4 #db4 ,jutes1 iii4 #aab4 ,jutland1 iii4 #aab4 ,juvenal1 i4 #aed1 #cba1 #cde2 ii4 #aba1 #aef1 #bja1 #bag-h1 #bef1 #cca2 iii4 #bij4 ,juvencus1 i4 xxxi4 ,kent1 ii1 #aed2 iii4 #cbe4 ,kermesberry1 iii4 #bfj4 ,kestril1 ii4 #aje2 iii4 #bii4 ,kett's rebellion1 iii4 #dji4 ,kimberley1 iii4 #dji4 ,king 7,dan71 iii4 #cbe4 ,kidney1 i4 #bfa1 #bfd4 ,kings of ,europe1 i4 #ei4 ,king's ,evil1 iii4 #cgh4 ,king-fisher1 i4 #cdh2 iii4 #bia1 #eba4 ,kiranides1 i4 #afg1 #agf2 ii4 #acc4 ,kircherus 7,a471 i4 #aha1 #bbi1 #bcd1 #bcg1 #bed1 #bhh1 #cea2 ii4 #d1 #ajf1 #cih2 iii4 #ge4 ,kirchmannus1 iii4 #abc4 ,kites1 i4 #cbj2 ii4 #ad1 #aje1 #cgf2 iii4 #ead1 #eag4 ,kitten1 ii4 #ach4 ,knee1 i4 #caa4 ,knollys1 iii4 #fb4 ,knot1 lover's1 ii4 #bff4 ,knots 7bird71 iii4 #eai4 ,knowledge1 i4 #aae4 ,l4 ,n4 ,m4 ,e4 ,n41 i4 xi4 ,labarum1 iii4 #aea4 ,labyrinth1 iii4 #afc4 ,lacca1 i4 #bef4 ,lacedmonians1 i4 #aei2 ii4 #aah4 ,lacrymatories1 iii4 #ajh1 #aae4 ,lactantius1 i4 xix1 xxviii1 xxxvii1 xxxix1 xliv-xlvi1 #afd2 ii4 #g4 ,lacuna1 ii4 #bh4 ,laertas1 iii4 #aej4 ,lago 7,rodoriges de71 ii4 #cdi4 ,lais1 i4 #afg2 ii4 #bbh4 ,laish1 i4 #bhb4 ,lakes1 i4 #bjd4 ,lamb 7vegetable71 ii4 #ajf4 ,lambeth1 iii4 #daa4 ,lambskin1 i4 #agd4 ,lamech1 i4 #aca4 ,lameness1 iii4 #cgg-h4 ,lamia1 ii4 #hf2 iii4 #bhg4 ,lamprey1 ii4 #df2 iii4 #ecg4 ,lampridius1 ii4 #ab4 ,lamps1 iii4 #aae4 ,lancelotti1 iii4 #gi4 ,landius 7,joh471 ii4 #ea4 ,langius 7,j471 i4 #bce2 ii4 #fb1 #fe1 #bjh4 ,language1 ,languages1 ii4 #bgg2 iii4 #cjg-ba4 ,language 7,english71 i4 #aag4 ---- 7,latin71 i4 #aag4 ,languedoc1 iii4 #bfj1 #cbj1 #cgf4 ,languedony1 iii4 #cbj4 ,lanner1 iii4 #bii4 ,laodice1 i4 xlix4 ,lapidaries1 i4 #bfc2 ii4 #ae2 iii4 #aei4 ,lapis ,anguinus1 i4 #baj4 ---- ,ceratites1 ii4 #fi4 ---- ,judaicus1 i4 #baj1 #bhd4 ---- ,lazuli1 i4 #bhd4 ---- stellaria1 i4 #baj2 ii4 #ae4 ,lapwing1 iii4 #ebj4 ,larissa1 ii4 #ci4 ,lark1 iii4 #bib1 #ebc4 ,larus1 iii4 #eae4 ,latin language1 i4 #aag2 iii4 #dfi4 ,latins1 i4 #aee4 ,lattice-work1 iii4 #aeh4 ,laud 7,w471 i4 xvii4 ,laudanum1 i4 #ajh4 ,laughter1 iii4 #eh4 ,laurel1 iii4 #bfe4 ,laurenberg1 iii4 #ie1 #bgi4 ,laurentius1 i4 xxii1 #agc2 ii4 #bci4 ,laureola1 ii4 #aig4 ,laurus 7,jacobus71 ii4 #bcg1 #beb4 ,lausdun1 iii4 #g4 ,lavender1 ii4 #bjh4 ,law1 i4 #afc1 #afd4 ,lawyer1 i4 #abe4 ,lazarus1 i4 #cd1 #gj1 #hh2 iii4 #aai1 #adc1 #chd4 ,lazius 7,w471 iii4 #aaf1 #caj4 ,lazy 7the71 iii4 #dfc4 ,lead1 i4 #aee1 #baa4 ,leah1 iii4 #ai4 ,leandro1 ii4 #chj2 iii4 #de4 ,leather 7,russia71 iii4 #ahj4 ,lebadia1 iii4 #ci4 ,lecher1 i4 #ig4 ,leda1 i4 #ccf4 ,leech1 i4 #bfe1 #cji2 ii4 #be4 ---- 7horse71 ii4 #fj4 ,left-handed1 ii4 #acj4 ,legion1 i4 #gc4 ,le ,gros 7,t471 iii4 #hi4 ,legs1 crossed1 ii4 #bfg4 ,leland1 iii4 #cbc4 ,lemnius 7,levin471 i4 #bcj1 #bei2 ii4 #aag1 #aba1 #aga1 #bfg2 iii4 #ba1 #bd4 ,lemnos1 iii4 #bfa4 ,lemon1 ii4 #cib1 #cid4 ,lenity1 i4 #cai4 ,lennam1 iii4 #djf4 ,lentulus1 ii4 #bbd4 ,leo 7constellation71 ii4 #d1 #ahi4 ,leo ,africanus1 ii4 #fc1 #hj1 #ii1 #cgd2 iii4 #gh4 ,leo ,,iii41 iii4 #aeg4 ---- ,,iv41 i4 #ccb2 iii4 #ga4 ---- ,x41 i4 xvi1 xxviii1 #caa-ab4 ---- 7,marcus71 ii4 #cg1 #bia1 #chd4 ,leonine verses1 iii4 #cje4 ,lepanto1 i4 #if4 ,lepidus1 i4 xxvii4 ,leprosy1 ii4 #ha2 iii4 #cha1 #dbi4 ,lerius1 ii4 #hc4 ,letter to a ,friend 7#afij71 iii4 #cfg4 ,letters1 i4 #hg2 ii4 #acc4 ,lettuce1 ii4 #cia4 ,lewis1 ,king of ,hungary1 iii4 #cgf4 ,leyden1 i4 #ach1 #bdg4 ,libanotis1 iii4 #bbb4 ,libavius1 i4 #bdg4 ,liberality1 i4 #hh4 ,lice1 i4 #ahf1 #bhi2 ii4 #aa4 ,licetus 7,f471 i4 #bcd1 #bhb2 ii4 #ea1 #fa1 #bjh2 iii4 #dc1 #dcc-d4 ,liege1 i4 #agj4 ,life1 i4 #fa4 ,ligatures1 i4 #aie4 ,light1 iii4 #aii4 ,lightning1 i4 #bih4 ,lignum vit1 i4 #beg4 ,ligustrum1 iii4 #bbd4 ,lily1 ,lilies1 iii4 #bca1 #bgc4 ---- of the ,valley1 iii4 #bca4 ,lilies of the ,field1 iii4 #bcj4 ,lima1 iii4 #chh1 #ddc4 ,lime1 ii4 #gb4 ---- tree1 i4 #bic4 ,limpet1 iii4 #ecd4 ,linacre 7,t471 ii4 #age4 ,linen1 i4 #beg1 #bgf4 ,linschoten1 i4 #bhj2 iii4 #aid1 #bgb4 ,linum vivum1 ii4 #ba4 ,linus1 ii4 #cba4 ,lion1 ii4 #d1 #bi4 #di1 #if1 #cgj1 #cgg4 ---- fish1 ii4 #gd4 ,lipara1 iii4 #def4 ,lipellous1 ii4 #bdg-h1 #bej4 ,lipsius1 i4 xxviii1 xxxii1 xxxiii1 xlvii2 ii4 #baf1 #bci1 #bfc2 iii4 #c1 #aea4 ,liquorish1 i4 #bij4 ,lithomancy1 i4 #bej4 ,lithophyton1 i4 #bgh4 ,lithospermum1 i1 #cjd2 ii4 #ga4 ,littleton 7,elizabeth71 iii4 #dda1 #ddb4 ,liver1 i4 #cah-ai4 ---- wort1 i4 #cjd4 ,livia1 i4 #ccf4 ,livonia1 ii4 #cef4 ,livius1 i4 xlix2 ii4 #bcd1 #ccc1 #cig2 iii4 #de4 ,lixivium1 ii4 #cib4 ,lizard1 i4 #hc1 #acg1 #cab2 ii4 #bj1 #bd1 #bi1 #fj-a2 iii4 #ech4 ---- 7water71 ii4 #ai4 ,loadstone1 i4 #ahi1 #baf1 #bcc1 #cje2 ii4 #cib2 iii4 #chj4 ,lobelius1 i4 #bib2 iii4 #bca4 ,lobster1 i4 #cbg2 ii4 #be1 #da1 #de1 #gd1 #abi1 #cgi2 iii4 #ecd4 ---- shells1 i4 #bgi4 ,lobus ,echinatus1 ii4 #ga4 ,loche1 iii4 #ech4 ,locust1 i4 #hc1 #cbg2 ii4 #de1 #hj1 #bjg2 iii4 #bg4 ---- tree1 iii4 #bbf4 ,loddon ,church1 iii4 #cii4 ,logic1 i4 #acd4 ,logicians1 i4 #add4 ,loligo1 ii4 #hh2 iii4 #bjd4 ,lolium1 iii4 #bgg-h4 ,lombard1 ii4 #bab4 ,london1 i4 #bbf1 #bbh-i2 ii4 #cje2 iii4 #afc1 #ecd4 ---- ,st4 ,paul's ,churchyard1 iii4 #dbj-a4 ---- ,spitalfields1 iii4 #ajh4 ,longinus 7,c471 i4 #agf4 ,longomontanus1 ii4 #bih4 ,lopez 7,ed471 i4 #cac2 ii4 #cbe1 #cga4 ,loretto1 ,casa ,abellitta1 iii4 #cej4 ,lot1 ii4 #bgd4 ,lot's wife1 i4 #ee2 iii4 #cg1 #gi4 ,louis ,,viii4 or ,,ix41 #caa4 ,louis ,,xi41 iii4 #dfi4 ,love1 ii4 #chd4 ,lover's knot1 ii4 #bff4 ,lowestoft1 iii4 #ecb4 ,loxias1 iii4 #ebb4 ,lubym1 ii4 #chb4 ,lucanus1 i4 xxvii1 xxxvi1 xlv1 liv1 #ei1 #fb1 #fd1 #ajg2 ii4 #ea2 iii4 #add1 #che4 ,lucerium1 ii4 #ccc4 ,lucian1 i4 xli1 li4 #cc1 #fg1 #hi1 #aee1 #agj2 iii4 #ei1 #acb4 ---- ,martyr1 ii4 #bid4 ,lucifer1 i4 #ae1 #gc4 ,lucilius1 iii4 #eh4 ,lucius1 i4 #aie4 ,lucius ,pratensis1 i4 #aee4 ,lucretius1 i4 xxv1 xxviii1 xxix1 xliii1 #beb2 iii4 #abg4 ,ludovicus1 ii4 #aei4 ,ludovicus ,pius1 iii4 #aab4 ,lullius1 iii4 #gb4 ,lump 7fish71 iii4 #ebi4 ,lunar rainbow1 iii4 #ab4 ,lunaria1 i4 #big1 #cja2 iii4 #bcg4 ,lupa1 i4 #cci4 ,lupus ,marinus1 ii4 #af4 ,lusitania1 ii4 #cce4 ,lussy 7,m471 iii4 #bfb4 ,lustrations1 i4 #aih4 ,lute1 iii4 #hj4 ,luther1 i4 xv1 xvi1 #aa2 ii4 #age4 ,lybia1 ii4 #cgd4 ,lycosthenes1 i4 #aei2 ii4 #bjh4 ,lycurgus1 ii4 #aah2 iii4 #aag4 ,lycus1 i4 #cci4 ,lye1 ii4 #cib4 ,lyghard4 ,see ,hart4 ,lynn1 iii4 #ebc1 #eca4 ---- ,gaywood ,hall1 iii4 #djh4 ---- ,st4 ,margaret1 iii4 #dje4 ,lyra 7,n4 de71 i4 xlviii1 #baf2 ii4 #aeg4 ,lystrians1 i4 #acf4 ,m41 iii4 #abe4 ,mace1 i4 #bib-c4 ,machiavelli1 i4 lii1 #cc2 iii4 #acc1 #dfh4 ,mackerel1 ii4 #hd1 #ecb4 ,macrobius1 i4 #aef1 #aei1 #cce2 ii4 #aag1 #abj1 #adb1 #afe1 #bbi1 #bed1 #chj2 iii4 #aji1 #dff4 ,macrocephali1 ii4 #cgf4 ,madagascar1 ii4 #cga-b4 ,madness1 i4 #cjc4 ,madrid1 iii4 #cde4 ,motis1 ii4 #cej4 ,maffeus1 ii4 #ced4 ,magdalene1 i4 #gc4 ,magdaleon1 i4 #bdh4 ,magellan1 i4 #bbg-h1 #bce4 ---- ,straits1 ii4 #aaa4 ,magellanica1 i4 #bag4 ,maggot1 i4 #ahh1 #cjj-a2 ii4 #aa4 ,magic1 i4 #df1 #adj1 #ahi4 ,maginus1 ii4 #cea-b4 #ced1 #cgi2 iii4 #de4 ,magnus ,carneus1 i4 #bce4 ,magnet1 i4 #baf4 ,magnus 7,olaus71 i4 #aga1 #bda1 #cbb2 ii4 #fg-h1 #aeh1 #cgj2 iii4 #aab4 ,magny1 iii4 #cjc4 ,mahomet1 i4 xxviii1 #dj1 #gc1 #ace1 #ach1 #adf1 #bda1 #bdc2 iii4 #dc4 ---- his camel1 iii4 #gh4 ---- ships1 iii4 #cde4 ,mahometans1 ii4 #cde-f1 #cfc4 ,maids 7fish71 i4 #ccc4 ,maimonides1 i4 #cai2 ii4 #aed1 #bbj1 #bfb1 #bfd1 #bib2 iii4 #bgd4 ,maiolus1 i4 #bhd2 ii4 #ba4 ,majorca1 ii4 #ceg4 ,malaca1 i4 #bca4 ,malaspina1 i4 #aaa4 ,malavar1 i4 #cac4 ,malchus1 iii4 #c4 ,mallard1 ii4 #cid4 ,mallow1 ii4 #cia2 iii4 #bei4 ,malmsbury 7,william of71 iii4 #dje4 ,malt1 ii4 #ajb4 ,man1 i4 #ajj2 ii4 #aji4 ,manasses1 ii4 #abb1 #bfh4 ,mandelslo1 iii4 #dga4 ,mandeville 7,sir ,j471 i4 #agj2 iii4 #ec4 ,mandinga1 ii4 #chc4 ,mandrakes1 i4 #bhe2 iii4 #ai4 ,manes1 i4 #aia-b1 #aih4 ,manetho1 ii4 #bhg1 #cbj4 ,manganes1 i4 #bch4 ,manichees1 i4 xxiii1 xxvi4 ,manilius1 ii4 #ahi1 #cje4 ,manilla1 iii4 #chh1 #ddc4 ,manna1 i4 #cb2 ii4 #aig2 iii4 #bb4 ,mansfield 7,duke ,john ,ern471 iii4 #cge4 ,mantis1 ii4 #aaa4 ,mantuan1 ii4 #g4 ,mantuanus1 ii4 #aef4 ---- 7,adam71 ii4 #bce4 ,manucodiata1 ii4 #f1 #fa4 ,maple1 i4 #bic4 ,mar ,vermeio1 ii4 #cfg4 ,marble1 i4 #bjh1 #bef4 ,marbodeus1 i4 #bdi1 #bhd4 ,marcellus1 i4 #aga2 iii4 #ge1 #abj4 ---- ,empiricus1 i4 #aef1 #bdf4 ,marcion1 i4 #aia4 ,mare1 ,mares1 ii4 #ch1 #ach4 ---- 7,spanish71 i4 #cba2 ii4 #ei4 ,margiana1 iii4 #fb1 #bbe4 ,marianus ,scotus1 ii4 #cba4 ,marjoram1 iii4 #bcg4 ,markham 7,g471 i4 #caf4 ,marlpits1 i4 #bhc4 ,maronites1 i4 #bdc4 ,marriage1 i4 #ajj4 ,martegres1 ii4 #bei4 ,martial1 i4 xlix1 l1 #bfb2 ii4 #hj1 #aec1 #baf2 iii4 #bhc4 ,martialis 7,s471 i4 xxxi2 iii4 #ajb4 ,martyr 7,peter74 ,see ,anglerius4 ,martyrs1 i4 #da1 #gh1 #cjc4 ,mary1 ,b4 ,v41 i4 #aib1 #aih1 #bif2 ii4 #cif4 ---- name1 i4 #cjd4 ,mascardus1 iii4 #dca4 ,maseus of ,damascus1 ii4 #cbj4 ,masham 7,w471 iii4 #dcf4 ,masius1 ii4 #bfa4 ,massagetes1 iii4 #fb4 ,massingham1 iii4 #aac4 ,massonius1 iii4 #fa4 ,masters 7,will471 iii4 #djj4 ,mastic1 i4 #bje1 #bee4 ---- tree1 iii4 #bfb4 ,matrea1 ,matura1 ii4 #cif2 iii4 #bdd1 #bec4 ,maternus1 iii4 #bf4 ,mathematics1 i4 #afb4 ,matthew of ,westminster1 iii4 #ff4 ,matthiolus1 i4 #bjc1 #bab1 #bce1 #bhh1 #big1 #cbb1 #cbd1 #cbh2 ii4 #ac1 #ai1 #gd1 #hg1 #bjg2 iii4 #a4 ,mauritania1 ii4 #ccd1 #chb2 iii4 #bdh4 ,mauritius 7,emperor71 iii4 #eeb4 ,maurolycus1 ii4 #cdi4 ,mausolus1 iii4 #aad1 #abc4 ,maximilian1 ii4 #gi4 ,maximinus1 i4 #aia4 ,maximus1 ii4 #bia4 ,may1 ii4 #ahj4 ,measles1 ii4 #aeb4 ,meat1 ii4 #adb4 ,mecca1 ii4 #fg1 #cdf2 iii4 #bec4 ,mecenas1 ii4 #ha4 ,mechoachan1 iii4 #bif4 ,medals1 ii4 #abc2 iii4 #cfa4 ,medal1 ,titus1 iii4 #bgc4 ,mede1 i4 xli4 ,medea1 i4 xliii1 #aeg1 #cah1 #cbc4 ,medina ,talnabi1 i4 #bdc2 ii4 #cdf4 ,mediterranean1 i4 #bcj4 ,medlar1 ii4 #cid4 ,medusa 7,constell471 ii4 #cih4 ,meekness1 i4 #cag1 #cai4 ,megara1 iii4 #afd4 ,megasthenes1 i4 #dd4 ,mela1 ii4 #a4 #aee2 iii4 #de4 ,melancholy1 i4 #df1 #cah4 ,melanchthon1 ii4 #age4 ,melanthium1 iii4 #bcb4 ,melchisedec1 i4 #aib4 ,meleguette1 ii4 #chc4 ,melisegenes1 iii4 #di4 ,melissus1 i4 #afc4 ,melita1 ii4 #bf4 ,mellichius1 i4 #bfb4 ,melpomene1 ii4 #bed4 ,melton ,hall1 iii4 #edi4 ,memnon1 i4 xli4 ,memphis1 i4 #aei4 ,menan1 ii4 #cef4 ,menander1 a ,samaritan1 iii4 #ce4 ,mendacity1 i4 #aeg4 ,mendoza 7,j4 ,g4 de71 i4 xxxiii1 #bhj4 ,menecles1 ii4 #aeh4 ,meneceus1 iii4 #ih4 ,menelaus1 ii4 #hb1 #cce4 ,menippus1 i4 #bej4 ,menogenes1 i4 xlix4 ,mercator1 ii4 #gj4 ,mercurialis1 ,gymn41 i4 #caj2 ii4 #baf2 iii4 #gf4 ,mercurius1 i4 #acf1 #bhi4 ,mercury 7,scipio71 i4 #aah4 ---- 7god71 ii4 #bgi4 ---- 7mineral71 i4 #fh1 #bcf1 #bha2 ii4 #cfg4 ---- 7planet71 i4 #cj4 ---- 7plant71 i4 #aga4 ---- water1 ii4 #gb4 ,mergus1 iii4 #eaf-ag4 ---- major1 ii4 #aaa4 ,merlin1 iii4 #eg1 #bib1 #caj4 ,mermaids1 ii4 #bec4 ,merryweather 7,j471 i4 xi1 xiv1 xvii4 ,merula 7,p471 iii4 #cab4 ,meseraics1 i4 #bfh4 ,mesopotamia1 ii4 #cjb2 iii4 #ai4 ,messahallach1 ii4 #agg4 ,messalina1 i4 xlvii4 ,messias1 i4 #ach1 #ada1 #bjj4 ,metals1 i4 #bjf1 #bjg1 #bji4 ,metaphors1 i4 #adc4 ,metaphrastes1 ii4 #bej2 iii4 #cj4 ,metellus1 iii4 #dff4 ,metempsychosis1 i4 xlii1 #ac4 ,meteors1 i4 #aic1 #baa1 #bgc4 ,methusaleh1 i4 xxx1 #cf1 #fj1 #cdj2 ii4 #cbf1 #cbh2 iii4 #h1 #ace4 ,meton1 ii4 #aia4 ,metrophanes ,smyrnus1 iii4 #ga4 ,meursius1 i4 #agj4 ,mexico1 iii4 #cjh4 ,mexico1 ,bay of1 i4 #bbh4 ,mezentius1 iii4 #hb4 ,micah1 iii4 #bgj4 ,michelangelo1 ii4 #bce4 ,michell 7,elizabeth71 iii4 #edd4 ,michovius7,math471 ii4 #a1 #c1 #cgj4 ,microcosm1 i4 #ajc-aje4 ,microscopes1 i4 #cjb4 ,midas1 i4 #bfh4 ,middleton 7,william71 iii4 #djh4 ,midianites1 i4 #ha4 ,milan1 i4 #agf2 iii4 #bg4 ,milium1 iii4 #bch4 ---- ,solis1 i4 #cjd4 ,milius1 i4 #bha4 ,milk1 i4 #bjd2 ii4 #cdh2 iii4 #cgh4 ,milky ,way1 iii4 #ab4 ,millers ,thumb1 iii4 #ech4 ,millet1 i4 #bhh2 iii4 #bcb1 #bdh4 ,milo1 iii4 #ge-f4 ,mineralogists1 i4 #baj2 iii4 #bbj4 ,minerals1 i4 #bjb1 #bjh1 #bac1 #bei1 #bfb2 ii4 #ge4 ,minerva1 i4 #ahe2 ii4 #ba1 #chf4 ,minia1 i4 #bdh4 ,minnow1 iii4 #ecg4 ,minos1 i4 #aeh4 ,minos 7,c471 i4 xii4 ,minotaur1 i4 #aeh2 iii4 #afc4 ,mint1 iii4 #bb4 ,minucius1 iii4 #aji4 ,minutius1 i4 xv1 xix1 xxxvi1 xli1 xlv2 ii4 #bgb4 ,mirabolans1 iii4 #bbf4 ,miracles1 i4 #db4 ,mirandula 7,pico71 i4 li2 ii4 #aga2 iii4 #di4 ,mirmello1 i4 xlix4 ,,miscellanies1 iii4 #dbg4 ,missel-thrush1 i4 #bid4 ,misseltoe1 i4 #bic1 #bie2 iii4 #aic4 ,mist 7#bg ,nov4 #afgd71 iii4 #ede4 ,mite1 i4 #aji4 ,mizaldus 7,ant471 i4 #agf2 ii4 #ii4 ,mizraim1 ii4 #bhg1 #ccb-c2 iii4 #ada1 #adh4 ,moderatus 7,csar71 i4 #bbc4 ,mogul1 ii4 #bfi4 ,mohacz1 iii4 #cgf4 ,mola1 iii4 #bbf4 ,mole1 ii4 #db1 #bgf1 #bhb4 ,moles on the face1 ii4 #bfh1 ,moloch1 iii4 #db4 ,molossus1 iii4 #cbg4 ,moluccas1 i4 #bib2 ii4 #f1 #aeh4 ,moly1 i4 #bcf1 #bia2 ii4 #cfh4 ,monkey1 i4 #cab2 ii4 #adh4 ,monomotapa1 ii4 #ade4 ,montacutius1 iii4 #be1 #ci1 #fa4 ,montague 7,richard71 ,bp41 iii4 #djf4 ,montaigne1 i4 xviii1 xix1 xxii1 xxv1 xxvii1 xxxix1 lii1 lv4 ,montanus1 i4 #aib2 ii4 #adj4 ,month1 ii4 #aff-g4 ,moon1 i4 #acc1 #aff1 #agi1 #ahc1 #ahf1 #aid1 #aig2 ii4 #afe1 #bga1 #cih1 #cii4 ---- ,mountains of the1 ii4 #cee4 ---- fish1 ii4 #gc2 iii4 #ebh4 ,moor1 ,moors1 ii4 #cfi1 #cga1 #cgg2 iii4 #caa4 ,moorhen1 iii4 #eah4 ,mopsus1 ii4 #c2 iii4 #ci4 ,moptha1 ii1 #d4 ,moralist1 i4 #abe4 ,morality1 i4 #afc4 ,more 7,sir ,t471 i4 xv4 ,morgellons1 iii4 #cgf4 ,morinus1 ii4 #bib1 #bid4 ,morison 7,henry71 i4 liv4 ---- 7,fines71 i4 liv4 ,morn1 iii4 #dg4 ,morpheus1 i4 #ajf4 ,morse1 ii4 #gj1 #gd4 ,morta1 iii4 #acb1 #cgf4 ,moses1 i4 xxviii-xxx1 xlii1 #ai1 #ba1 #bg1 #cb1 #ci1 #de1 #ea-b1 #gj-a1 #abg1 #ace-f1 #agi1 #ahf1 #bac1 #bid1 #cai1 #cdc2 ii4 #b1 #gi1 #ajf1 #abb1 #bbg1 #bbi1 #cgh1 etc4 ---- 7rod71 ii4 #bgh-i4 ,mosques1 iii4 #eda4 ,motes1 i4 #beh4 ,moths1 i4 #cea2 ii4 #bb4 ,mountains1 i4 #bda-b4 ---- of the ,moon1 ii4 #cgd4 ,mountebanks1 i4 #ach4 ,mouse1 ,mice1 i4 #bfe2 ii4 #ace1 #aci4 ,muffetus1 ii4 #be1 #fg1 #ii1 #ajb1 #bjg-h4 ,mugil1 iii4 #bhi1 #bij4 ,mulatto1 ii4 #cgi4 ,mulberry tree1 iii4 #bdc4 ,mule1 i4 #afg1 #cdc1 #cdf4 ,mullen1 thiopian1 i4 #big4 ,mullet1 iii4 #bij1 #ecj4 ,mummia1 i4 #beg4 ,mummies1 i4 #bch2 iii4 #ada4 ,mundesley1 iii4 #ebi4 ,munster 7,s471 ii4 #cie-f2 iii4 #bf1 #ec4 ,murder1 i4 #acj4 ,murena1 i4 #agd4 ,muria1 iii4 #bij4 ,murrey1 i4 #baj4 ,mus ,araneus1 ii4 #dd4 ,musa1 iii4 #b4 ,musum ,clausum1 iii4 #cej4 ,musus1 ii4 #cba4 ,mushroom1 i4 xlix4 ,music1 i4 #ajj1 #caa2 ii4 #ajf2 iii4 #abi4 ---- ,church1 i4 #aja4 ---- ,tavern1 i4 #aja4 ,musk1 i4 #cbd-e2 ii4 #hh1 #adh4 ,mussle1 iii4 #ecd4 ,mussulmen1 iii4 #ajb4 ,must1 iii4 #bce4 ,mustard-seed1 iii4 #bcf4 ,mylius1 i4 #bhd4 ,myndius1 ii4 #hi4 ,myrica1 iii4 #bbc4 ,myrobolans1 ii4 #cia4 ,myrrh1 i4 #bjf2 iii4 #bbe4 ,myrtle1 iii4 #bgd4 ,myrts ,brabsutica1 ii4 #cia4 ,naaman1 i4 #aig4 ,nabonasser1 ii4 #bhg4 ,nails1 paring1 ii4 #bfh4 ---- 7spots in71 ii4 #bgf4 ,napellus1 i4 #bij4 ,naphtha1 i4 #cb2 ii4 #eg-h4 ,naples1 iii4 #bbf4 ,narcissus1 i4 xlvii4 ,narses1 iii4 #afa4 ,narwhale1 ii4 #gj4 ,nassom1 ii4 #bhh4 ,natural ,philosophy1 i4 #afc4 ,navarre 7,henry1 ,king of71 iii4 #bii4 ,navel1 i4 liii2 ii4 #bab4 ,navigators1 iii4 #bbj4 ,nazarene1 ii4 #bbe4 ,nazarite1 ii4 #bbd-e4 ,nazianzene1 ii4 #bff2 iii4 #db4 ,neanthes1 ii4 #agd4 ,nearchus1 i4 #bdc2 ii4 #cff4 ,nebros1 i4 #ahh4 ,nebuchodonosor1 i4 #ee2 ii4 #bgi2 iii4 #adh1 #dhi1 #eeb4 ,necks1 iii4 #ej4 ,necromancy1 i4 #ahg4 ,needle1 i4 #hj1 #bfe4 ---- 7magnetic71 i4 #bd1 #fh4 ---- fish1 ii4 #cj2 iii4 #eca4 ,negro-land1 i4 #bac4 ,negroes1 ii4 #cfg-hg4 ,negroponte1 iii4 #dc1 #df4 ,neptune1 i4 #bhi4 ,nereides1 ii4 #bed4 ,nero1 i4 xli1 xliv1 xlvii1 l1 li1 #ij1 #ig1 #caj2 ii4 #ba1 #ch4 ,nerva1 ii4 #bbb4 ,nestor1 i4 #cdj1 #cdc2 ii4 #aba4 ,new ,england1 iii4 #cdd4 ,new ,spain1 iii4 #bhe1 #cdd4 ,newington1 co4 ,kent1 iii4 #dcb4 ,newts1 ii4 #ai4 ,nicander1 i4 #agc2 ii4 #ai1 #bb1 #be1 #bf1 #bi1 #dd4 ,nicaragua1 ii4 #cgb4 ,nicephorus1 i4 xx2 ii4 #bij1 #cei2 iii4 #cha4 ,nicholaus1 i4 #aib4 ,nicias1 i4 #aic4 ,nicolai ,emplastrum1 i4 #bdg4 ---- ,pulvis1 i4 #bfd4 ,nicole 7,j4 ,b4 de71 i4 #bgh4 ,nicoleta 7,r471 iii4 #cab4 ,nictomachus1 iii4 #dc4 ,nierembergius 7,e471 i4 #aga1 #bci2 ii4 #hf4 ,nigella1 iii4 #bcb4 ,nigellastrum1 iii4 #bhj4 ,niger ,river1 ii4 #cec1 #cee1 #cgd4 ,nightingale1 i4 #aff4 ,nightmare1 ii4 #bhb4 ,night ,raven1 iii4 #bib4 ,nile1 i4 #bd1 #aff2 ii4 #gj1 #gd1 #ahe-f1 #bfi1 #cdi-cfb2 iii4 #gi4 ,nimrod1 ii4 #cca1 #cha1 #chc2 iii4 #ada4 ,nine1 ii4 #afj-a2 iii4 #bjc4 ,nine ,worthies1 ii4 #bcg4 ,nineveh1 ii4 #bie1 #cca2 iii4 #afb4 ,ninus1 i4 xxxiii2 ii4 #cbe1 #cca1 #ccd1 #ccf4 ,niobe1 i4 #aeh4 ,niphus1 ii4 #ea4 ,nitre1 i4 #bge4 ,nix 7,richard71 ,bp41 iii4 #cih1 #daf1 #dbe4 ,noah1 i4 xxix4 #ce-f2 ii4 #i1 #gh1 #aca1 #bgd1 #cha2 iii4 #aed4 ,noah's ,ark1 ii4 #aa2 iii4 #adh4 ,nobility1 i4 #he4 ,noctambuloes1 i4 #ajf4 ,nonnus1 ii4 #dd1 #hb1 #bba2 iii4 #bff4 ,norfolk1 ii4 #he4 ---- ,notes on birds and fishes1 iii4 #eaa4 ---- words1 iii4 #cai4 ,normans1 iii4 #cac4 ,norrold1 iii4 #eaf4 ,north ,star1 i4 #ih4 ,northern ,passage1 i4 #bbh4 ,norway1 iii4 #aac4 ,norwich1 iii4 #ajg1 #djh1 #ecg4 ---- ,free ,school1 iii4 #dbj4 ---- gardens1 iii4 #ebd4 ---- market1 iii4 #ebc4 ---- ,mousehold ,hill1 iii4 #dje1 #dbd4 ---- thunderstorm 7#affe71 iii4 #edh4 ,norwich ,cathedral1 ,beauchamp ,chapel1 iii4 #dah4 ---- chapter-house1 iii4 #dah4 ---- charnel-house1 iii4 #dbj4 ---- cloisters1 iii4 #daa1 #dag4 ---- combination sermons1 iii4 #dba4 ---- ,heydon's ,chapel1 iii4 #dai4 ---- organ1 iii4 #dba4 ---- spire1 iii4 #dbc1 ---- tombs and monuments1 iii4 #cig4 ---- weathercock1 iii4 #dbc4 ,nose1 i4 #cdg2 ii4 #che4 ---- 7flat71 ii4 #cgg4 ,nosegay-net1 iii4 #aeh4 ,,notes on ,birds and ,fishes in ,norfolk1 iii4 #eaa4 ,notonecton1 iii4 #agh4 ,nova ,hispania4 ,see ,new ,spain4 ,nova ,zembla1 ii4 #aij2 iii4 #cdh4 ,nubia1 ii4 #ii4 ---- poison1 i4 #bij4 ,numa1 ii4 #ahj2 iii4 #ii4 ,numatianus1 ii4 #cig4 ,numbers1 ii4 #afa-b4 ,numismatic shell1 ii4 #ajg4 ,nuncius ,inanimatus1 i4 #bec4 ',nuon' inscr41 iii4 #dcb4 ,nuremberg1 i4 xxv1 xxvi1 liv4 ,nutcracker1 iii4 #afj4 ,nutgalls1 i4 #cja2 ii4 #cia4 ,nuthack1 iii4 #ebj4 ,nutmeg1 i4 #bib4 ,nycticorax1 iii4 #bhi1 #bib4 ,nysa1 ii4 #c4 ,nysus1 iii4 #bhi1 #bib4 ,o1 iii4 #abf4 ,oak1 i4 #aaf1 #bic1 #bie1 #cja4 ---- apple1 i4 #cjj4 ---- tree1 iii4 #bfa4 ,oaths1 iii4 #dii4 ,oats1 ii4 #ce1 #ajb4 ,oberon1 ii4 #aei4 ,obi1 iii4 #cdi4 ,oblivion1 iii4 #adj4 ,observations upon ,plants in ,scripture1 iii4 #bah4 ,obstinacy1 i4 #ci4 ,oceanus1 ii4 #gh4 ,ocellus1 ii4 #ea4 ,ochinus1 i4 xxviii4 ,ochirus1 i4 xli4 ,octavius1 ,duke of ,parma1 i4 #baa4 ,ocymum1 i4 #bei4 ,oecumenius1 i4 xxxi4 ,oedipus1 ii4 #d2 iii4 #ff4 ,og1 iii4 #fb1 #afd4 ,ogyges1 ii4 #cai1 #cbj1 #cbi4 ,oil1 i4 #bjd1 #bei4 ---- of ,mars1 i4 #bcg4 ,olaus4 ,see ,magnus4 ,oldcastle 7,sir ,j471 ii4 #bee4 ,oleaster1 iii4 #e1 #bj1 #bej4 ,olem ,cyprinm1 iii4 #bbd4 ,olive1 iii4 #aag4 ---- leaf1 iii4 #bce4 ---- oil of1 i4 #bfa4 ---- tree1 iii4 #bdi4 ,olybius1 ii4 #eg2 iii4 #dii4 ,olympiads1 iii4 #ded4 ,olympus 7,mt471 ii4 #cee4 ,omen1 i4 #bii4 ,omneity1 i4 #eb4 ,oneirocriticism1 iii4 #eea4 ,onions1 ii4 #cca1 #cgi4 ,onkelus1 ii4 #bca4 ,onuphrius1 iii4 #dcd4 ,hon1 i4 #aei4 ,opals1 i4 #bee2 iii4 #aje4 ,ophir1 i4 #bcj-a4 ,opimian ,wine1 iii4 #aaf4 ,opinion1 iii4 #dgc4 ,opium1 i4 #bef1 #bge1 #ccd1 #cdi2 iii4 #bd1 #be1 #ach4 ,opodeldoch1 i4 #bdg4 ,oppianus1 i4 #agd1 #cac1 #cde2 ii4 #db1 #fb1 #aef4 ,oracle of ,apollo1 iii4 #ccc4 ,oracles1 i4 xxxix1 #dd1 #ahg4 ---- cessation of1 iii4 #ci4 ,orange-pills1 i4 #bgf4 ,orbis 7bird71 i4 #cea4 ,orchis 7man71 i4 #bhh4 ,ordure1 ii4 #hh4 ---- 7,human71 i4 #bci4 ,oregliana1 ii4 #ced4 ,orestes1 i4 #acf2 iii4 #cch4 ,organs1 i4 xxxv4 ,orgasm1 ii4 #cj4 ,oribasius1 i4 #aef1 #aga1 #bde1 #cje4 ,origen1 i4 xx1 xxix1 #ad2 ii4 #b1 #bid2 iii4 #e1 #chi4 ,orion1 i4 #bhi2 iii4 #ada1 #afe4 ,ormonde 7,t4 ,butler1 ,earl of71 iii4 #djg4 ,ornithologus1 iii4 #bea4 ,orobanche1 iii4 #bei4 ,oroetes1 ii4 #bfa4 ,oromasdes1 i4 #aih4 ,orontes1 iii4 #dfb4 ,orosius1 ii4 #bij1 #cba4 ,orpement1 i4 #bgg4 ,orpheus1 i4 #aeg1 #bej1 #cji2 ii4 #hi4 ---- 7poet71 ii4 #cba4 ,ortelius1 ii4 #ceb-c1 #cfe1 #cfi2 iii4 #abe4 ,orthragoriscus1 ii4 #gc4 ,ortilius1 ii4 #cif4 ,orus ,apollo ,niliacus1 i4 #ahj2 ii4 #cb1 #bei4 ,oryx1 ii4 #fg1 #ahg4 ,osiris1 ii4 #d1 #ahe1 #ccb-c2 iii4 #ada4 ,osorius1 i4 #caa4 ,ossifrage1 ii4 #b4 ,ostorius1 iii4 #ajf4 ,ostrich1 ii4 #fb1 #hb1 #cgj2 iii4 #edj4 ,otter1 i4 #cbe2 iii4 #eci4 ,ouse 7,great71 iii4 #ebh4 ,overall 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #dje-f4 ,ovid1 i4 xxix1 xliii1 #aef1 #afj1 #cbh2 ii4 #g1 #ej1 #acb1 #bje1 #bed1 #bhh2 iii4 #fg1 #adg1 #bia-b1 #dch4 ,owl1 ii4 #hj1 #bfd2 iii4 #bib4 ,ox1 i4 #aed1 #bhi2 ii4 #hj1 #cgf1 #cgh4 ---- 7,indian71 ii4 #fg4 ---- 7,money71 i4 #cci4 ,oxford1 ii4 #ahi2 iii4 #ecg4 ,oxfordshire1 iii4 #aac4 ,oxnead1 iii4 #dcf4 ---- ,park1 iii4 #dcj4 ,oxycroceum1 i4 #bee4 ,oyster1 ii4 #gd2 iii4 #ecd4 ,padua1 ii4 #eg4 ,paduanius 7,fabrotius71 ii4 #agd4 ,paeony1 ii4 #cgi4 ,pagans1 i4 #ahd4 ,pagolus 7,j471 i4 liii4 ,painters1 i4 #aha4 ,palamedes1 iii4 #aeb4 ,palephatus1 i4 #aeg4 ,palermo1 ii4 #ccd4 ,paliurus1 iii1 #c1 #bbc4 ,palladius1 ii4 #cje1 #cdd4 ,pallas1 i4 xlvii2 ii4 #bgi4 ,palm-tree1 ii4 #h2 iii4 #bgb4 ,palmistry1 ii4 #bgf4 ,palsy1 ii4 #abi4 ,pamphilian ,sea1 iii4 #gg-h4 ,pamphilus1 i4 #aga1 #agg4 ,pamphlets1 i4 #agg4 ,pan1 ii4 #bbi2 iii4 #dj4 ,panama1 ii4 #cfb4 ,pancirollus 7,g471 i4 #bcj1 #bee1 #bgi2 ii4 #ba1 #bch1 #bea2 iii4 #hd4 ,pandora1 i4 xxxiv4 ,pantagruel1 i4 #ce4 ,pantalones1 i4 #fj4 ,pantarbes1 i4 #bda4 ,panthers1 i4 #cf2 ii4 #da1 #gd4 ,paper1 i4 #bgf4 ,paper 7oiled71 i4 #bad4 ,parables1 i4 #acd1 #adc4 ,parable of the ,sower1 iii4 #bde4 ,paracelsus1 i4 #df1 #ec1 #afe1 #bjd1 #bjh1 #bcf1 #bci1 #bdg1 #bff1 #cjc2 ii4 #g1 #ab1 #hh1 #aeh2 iii4 #bh1 #dga4 ,paradise1 i4 #ha2 ii4 #ccc2 iii4 #adh4 ---- ,bird of1 ii4 #f4 ,parasite1 ii4 #bfg4 ,parchment1 i4 #bgf4 ,pard1 ii4 #adh4 ,pareus1 i4 #bdg2 ii4 #hf4 ,pargitaus1 ii4 #bhf4 ,parham1 co4 ,suffolk1 i4 #big4 ,paris 7myth71 i4 #cah2 ii4 #che2 iii4 #c4 ---- ,notre ,dame1 ii4 #bdg4 ---- ,pont ,neuf1 i4 #ach4 ---- ,st4 ,innocents1 iii4 #add4 ---- 7,matthew71 iii4 #ga4 ,parker 7,matt471 ,abp41 iii4 #daa4 ,parkhurst 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #cih1 #dji4 ,parma 7,o41 ,duke of71 i4 #baa4 ,parmenides1 i4 xxi4 ,parricides1 ii4 #bf4 ,parrot1 ii4 #abc2 iii4 #dfh4 ,parsees1 iii4 #aja4 ,parsnips1 i4 #bhf1 #bij4 ,parthenius ,chius1 i4 #aef4 ,parthenopus1 ii4 #acj4 ,parthia1 ii4 #ccb4 ,partridges1 i4 #ccf1 #cda2 ii4 #aeh-i1 #cgj2 iii4 #ebc4 ,parysatis1 ii4 #f1 #bfa2 iii4 #fh4 ,pasiph1 i4 #aeh4 ,passion1 i4 #ca1 #if4 ---- flower1 iii4 #ahd4 ,passover1 ii4 #bae1 #bbc1 #cjg4 ,paston 7,sir ,robert71 iii4 #dcf4 ---- 7,sir ,will471 ii4 #cfj2 iii4 #ajf4 ,patois1 i4 #ih4 ,patriarchs' names1 i4 #cjc4 ,patrick 7,st471 ii4 #aed1 #chf4 ,patroclus1 i4 #ic1 iii4 #aae1 #abb4 ,paul 7,st471 i4 #a1 #eh1 #gj1 #gf1 #ha1 #ij1 #acf1 #adf2 ii4 #bf2 iii4 #eea4 ,paul ,v41 i4 xviii4 ,paulina1 i4 xlvii4 ,paulus gineta1 i4 #aef1 #bde1 #cjd1 #cbe4 ---- ,diaconus1 iii4 #fe4 ---- ,samosatenus1 i4 #aib4 ---- ,venetus1 i4 #aga1 #bca2 ii4 #ba1 #fg2 iii4 #gh4 ,pausanias1 ii4 #ba2 iii4 #de4 ,peacock1 ii4 #ia1 #cid4 ---- 7white71 ii4 #cgf4 ,pea-hens1 i4 #ccg4 ,peach1 i4 #bic4 ,pearl1 i4 #bef2 ii4 #gc4 ,pebbles1 i4 #bjf4 ,pegasus 7constell471 ii4 #aic4 ,peiresc1 ii4 #ea2 iii4 #afj4 ,pelagians1 i4 #abi4 ,peleg1 ii4 #cca4 ,pelican1 i4 #agh2 ii4 #bjb2 iii4 #eah4 ,pellitory of the wall1 i4 #aff4 ,pelops1 i4 #cdg4 ,pembel1 i4 xix4 ,penates1 i4 #adj4 ,penelope1 iii4 #acb4 ---- 7game71 i4 #afj4 ,pengin1 ii4 #aaa4 ,pennius1 ii4 #if4 ,penny fish1 iii4 #bhh4 ,pentagon1 iii4 #agf4 ,pentangle1 i4 #aij4 ,pentalithismus1 iii4 #afj4 ,pentateuch1 i4 #ci4 ,penthesilea1 iii4 #ii4 ,people1 i4 #acb4 ,peplum1 ii4 #aig4 ,peppercorns1 i4 #cjb4 ,pera1 ii4 #cig4 ,perch1 ii4 #ad1 #hc4 ,percy 7,tho471 ,bp41 iii4 #dji4 ,peregrinus 7,petrus71 i4 #bca4 ,perer1 i4 xxix4 ,periander's wife1 iii4 #aca4 ,periocci1 ii4 #cja4 ,peripatetics1 i4 xxiii1 #ii4 ,periwinkle1 iii4 #ech4 ,perizol1 iii4 #dc4 ,perpenna1 ii4 #bah-i4 ,perseus1 ii4 #bej4 ,persia1 i4 #afi1 #cba2 ii4 #fa1 #hc1 #ib1 #abc1 #ccb1 #cci2 iii4 #gg4 ,persian ,gulf1 ii4 #cfe4 ---- ,sea1 ii4 #cej4 ,persians1 iii4 #ajj4 ,persicaria1 iii4 #ahd4 ,persius1 i4 #aed2 ii4 #aad1 #beb4 ,peru1 i4 #aji1 #bbh2 ii4 #cee1 #cfh1 #cgb-c2 iii4 #ig1 #cjh4 ,perucci 7,f471 iii4 #acj4 ,pestilence1 i4 #cjj-a4 ,petravius 7,d471 ii4 #ahe1 #ahg1 #aif1 #bij1 #bib1 #bih1 #cjb1 #cbh4 ,peter 7,st471 i4 #ai1 #cg1 #gi1 #acg1 #ada2 iii4 #c4 ---- name1 i4 #cjc4 ---- ,fish1 ii4 #bhh1 #eca4 ,petrarch1 ii4 #bd2 iii4 #cbj1 #chb4 ,petronius1 i4 ix1 xxvii1 l1 #bff2 ii4 #aah1 #add4 ,petroselmum1 i4 #bfc4 ,petrucius1 ii4 #cbf4 ,petrus ,diaconus1 i4 xxxix4 ---- ,hispanus1 iii4 #bc4 ,phthon1 ii4 #g1 #cfi4 ---- his sisters1 i4 #bfa4 ,phalanx1 iii4 #afb4 ,phalaris1 i4 #gg2 iii4 #gh4 ,pharamond1 iii4 #cah4 ,pharaoh1 i4 xli2 iii4 #ada4 ,pharsalia1 i4 xxxvii1 #aid4 ,phavorinus1 iii4 #dc1 #bgj4 ,pheasants1 i4 #cbj4 ,phidias1 i4 #ccj4 ,philadelphus1 ii4 #cfb4 ,philarcus1 i4 #afh4 ,philelphus 7,fr471 ii4 #bci4 ,philes1 i4 #agd2 ii4 #bei4 ,philetas1 ii4 #aei4 ,philip 7,st471 i4 #di4 ---- the ,deacon1 ii4 #chb4 ---- ,king1 iii4 #b4 ,philip ,,ii4 of ,spain1 i4 #bh1 #bhj4 ,philippi 7,henrico71 ii4 #cjb4 ,philippus1 i4 #aha4 ,philistines1 i4 #bhb4 ,philo1 i4 #ch2 ii4 #afa1 #afc-d1 #bhh1 #bic1 #cba2 iii4 #b4 ,philologers1 i4 #aah4 ,philomela1 iii4 #eb4 ,philopoemen1 iii4 #aag4 ,philos 7,valerian de71 ii4 #cac4 ,philosopher1 i4 #afc4 ,philosopher's stone1 i4 #eh1 #ff2 ii4 #ab4 ,philostratus1 i4 #agj1 #bda2 ii4 #cc1 #aee1 #aeh1 #cfc1 #cfe2 iii4 #d1 #bha4 ,philoxenus1 iii4 #di4 ,philtres1 i4 #aie1 #bdg4 ,phlebotomy1 ii4 #aai1 #aie2 iii4 #bie4 ,phlegm1 i4 #cah4 ,phlegon ,trallianus1 i4 #agj2 iii4 #cdj4 ,phocas1 iii4 #eeb4 ,phocylides1 iii4 #abg4 ,phoenicia1 ii4 #bgg1 #cce1 #cfd4 ,phoenicians1 i4 #bcj2 ii4 #ha1 #bed1 #ccd4 ,phoenicopterus1 ii4 #ab4 ,phoenigmus1 i4 #cah4 ,phoenix1 i4 #agh1 #aha2 ii4 #d1 #f2 iii4 #ajd4 ,phornutus1 ii4 #beg4 ,phosphorus1 i4 #bhb4 ,photinus1 i4 #aib4 ,photius1 iii4 #ga4 ,phrygia1 ii4 #cff4 ,phut1 ii4 #chb4 ,physiognomists1 iii4 #bba4 ,physiognomy1 i4 #hf-g2 iii4 #dgd4 ,phyllon1 i4 #aga4 ,phytognomy1 i4 #hf1 #bhf4 ,picciolus1 ii4 #bgf4 ,picot1 iii4 #cgf4 ,pictorius1 i4 #bej1 ,pictures1 i4 #ajj2 ii4 #bjb1 #bae1 #bbd1 #bdi2 iii4 #cee4 ,picus ,martius1 i4 #cjj4 ,pierius1 i4 #aff1 #ahj1 #cag1 #ccc2 ii4 #ai1 #aag1 #aba1 #bjc1 #baj1 #bdh1 #bge2 iii4 #d1 #ai4 ,pig1 ii4 #ha4 ,pigafetta1 ii4 #aeh4 ,pigeon1 i4 #cd1 #cag-h1 #cbj-a2 ii4 #fe1 #hj4 ,pigmies1 ii4 #aee4 ,pignorius1 ii4 #af4 ,pike1 ii4 #hc2 iii4 #ecg4 ,pilate1 iii4 #aci4 ,pilchard1 iii4 #ecb4 ,pine1 i4 #bfa1 #bic4 ---- apple1 iii4 #afh4 ---- nuts1 i4 #aif4 ---- tree1 iii4 #afh4 ,pineda1 i4 #hh1 #bcj2 ii4 #cba2 iii4 #be1 #aaa4 ,pinpach1 iii4 #ecd4 ,pins1 i4 #bfe4 ,pinto1 ii4 #ade4 ,pisander1 i4 #aef4 ,pismire1 i4 #bfb2 ii4 #ajb2 iii4 #aai4 ,piso1 i4 xlvii4 ,piss1 i4 #adc4 ,pistol1 i4 #bgf4 ,pitch1 i4 #ahi1 #bje1 #bfe4 ,pittacus1 i4 #aei4 ,pix ,hispanica1 i4 #bee4 ,pizzle1 ii4 #dj1 #eb4 ,plagiarism1 i4 #aee-f4 ,plaice1 iii4 #ecc4 ,plancius 7,q471 ii4 #f4 ,plancus 7,c471 i4 xlix4 ,planets1 ii4 #bhj4 ,plants1 i4 #ii1 #bhe1 #cja1 #cjg4 ,plants in ,scripture1 iii4 #bah4 ,plaster ,gratia ,dei1 i4 #bee4 ,plate ,river1 ii4 #ced4 ,platina1 iii4 #fa4 ,plato1 i4 xxi-xxii1 xxiv1 xxvi1 xli-xlii1 #dg1 #ii1 #aja1 #aae1 #afj1 #agc1 #ahe1 #cce1 #cdg2 ii4 #cg1 #hb1 #hi1 #aab1 #abi1 #adb1 #afa1 #aga1 #agd1 #agi4 ,plautus1 i4 #bcj2 ii4 #ci4 ,play1 i4 #ib4 ,pleasure1 iii4 #dff4 ,pleiades1 ii4 #bef1 #cjc1 #cjf4 ,plempius1 ii4 #aab1 #cic4 ,pleurisy1 ii4 #aaf2 iii4 #cgh4 ,,pliny1 passim4 ,plotinus1 ii4 #cgf4 ,plover1 iii4 #eai4 ,,plutarch1 passim4 ,pluto1 iii4 #aca4 ,podocaterus1 ii4 #ba4 ,poets1 i4 #aha4 ,pointers1 i4 #ih4 ,poisons1 i4 liii1 #bab1 #bdf1 #bfd-e1 #bhd1 #ccc2 ii4 #ga2 iii4 #fi4 ,poland1 iii4 #bdg4 ,pole 7,north71 i4 #bda4 ---- 7,north and ,south71 ii4 #cdj4 ,polenta1 iii4 #bcc4 ,polibianus1 i4 l4 ,politicians1 i4 #aci4 ,polities1 i4 #he4 ,pollinctors1 i4 l2 iii4 #ha4 ,pollux 7,julius71 ii4 #aah1 #bdj2 iii4 #dc4 ,polonus 7,martin71 iii4 #ga4 ,polynus1 iii4 #cjb4 ,polybius1 i4 #afh2 ii4 #bci4 ,polycrates1 i4 xlviii2 ii4 #bfa4 ,polygamy1 i4 #ajj4 ,polydorus1 iii4 #aaa4 ,polyphemus1 ii4 #df1 #di2 iii4 #db4 ,polypody1 i4 #bid1 #cjb4 ,polypus1 iii4 #ecd4 ,polytheism1 i4 #ajd-e4 ,pomegranate1 ii4 #cid4 ---- tree1 iii4 #bda4 ,pomona1 iii4 #c4 ,pompeius1 i4 xxvii1 xlix1 #adf1 #afh1 #aid2 iii4 #hi1 #dge1 #dhi4 ,pompeys1 iii4 #hi4 ,pomponius1 iii4 #aaa4 ,pontanus1 i4 lv4 ,pontus1 i4 #cbe4 ,poole1 iii4 #ecd4 ,popes1 i4 #ei4 ,poplar1 i4 #bfa4 ,poppa1 iii4 #ii4 ,poppius 7,hamerus71 ii4 #ada4 ,poppy1 iii4 #bd4 ,porcacchi 7,t471 iii4 #de4 ,porcelain1 i4 #bgi-ha4 ,porcupine1 ii4 #da4 ,porphyrius1 i4 #di2 ii4 #gh1 #cgj4 ,porpoises1 i4 #cdf2 ii4 #hh2 iii4 #ebg4 ,porret1 ii4 #cfh4 ,porta 7,bapt471 i4 #agf1 #bdj1 #bdd1 #bec1 #bgd-e1 #bhf1 #bih2 ii4 #ae2 iii4 #aej4 ,porter 7,edm471 iii4 #cii4 ,portugal1 ii4 #cce1 #cfd4 ,porus1 i4 #caa2 ii4 #bcg4 ,porwigle1 ii4 #ag1 #bae1 #chj4 ,posidonius1 i4 xlv2 ii4 #baf4 ,posterity1 i4 #aaa4 ,posthumous ,works1 iii4 #cid4 ,posthumus1 iii4 #dcc4 ,postillers1 i4 #cag4 ,pot1 i4 #bgj4 ,potosi1 iii4 #ig4 ,powder1 i4 #bcj4 ---- plot1 i4 #bh4 ,pox1 ii4 #aeb2 iii4 #cgh4 ,prague1 i4 liv4 ,prastagus1 iii4 #ajf4 ,prateolus1 i4 #add4 ,praxiteles1 i4 l2 ii4 #gd2 iii4 #bbg4 ,prayers for the dead1 i4 #ad4 ,prester ,john1 ii4 #cgi4 ,priapus1 iii4 #bbg1 #bga4 ,pride1 i4 #ih4 ,prierius1 i4 xvi4 ,priests1 i4 #acg4 ,primrose1 ,dr41 i4 #aah4 ,principes1 iii4 #afa4 ,printer1 ii4 #aei4 ,printing1 i4 xxxiii1 #aef1 #bca4 ,priscian1 i4 #hi2 iii4 #cjd4 ,priscillian1 i4 #aib4 ,probus1 iii4 #dcc4 ,proclus1 i4 #cce2 ii4 #if1 #ade1 #afd4 ,proconesus1 ii4 #c4 ,procopius1 ii4 #ccd2 iii4 #db1 #fe1 #bhh1 #dej4 ,procrustes1 iii4 #afd4 ,prodigies1 i4 #cjc4 ,professions1 i4 #aeb4 ,prometheus1 ii4 #aah4 ,prongs1 i4 #bba4 ,propertius1 iii4 #aaj4 ,prophecies1 iii4 #dic4 ,prophecy concerning ,nations1 iii4 #cdb4 ,prosper ,alpinus1 iii4 #bbg4 ,protagoras1 i4 xxiii4 ,proteus1 ii4 #cce4 ,provence1 ii4 #aaa2 iii4 #bdb1 #bfj1 #cbj4 ,proverbs1 i4 #bi1 #acd1 #bie4 ,prussian knife1 i4 #bdg4 ,psammitichus1 ii4 #bhf4 ,psellus1 i4 xlvi1 #bhd4 ,,pseudodoxia ,,epidemica1 i4 #aac4 ,pseudomelanthium1 iii4 #bhj4 ,psylls1 i4 liii4 ,ptolemus ,lagi1 i4 xxxii4 ---- ,philadelphia1 i4 xxxii-xxxiii2 ii4 #bic4 ,ptolemy ,,iii41 ii4 #e4 ---- 7,cl471 i4 #cg1 #afb1 #agi1 #bce2 ii4 #aga1 #bhg1 #ccf1 #cea1 #ceb1 #cgd1 #cgh1 #chb1 #cih-i4 ,pubescence1 ii4 #cei4 ,puffin1 iii4 #eah4 ,pulse 7food71 iii4 #bbh-i4 ,pulvertoft 7,randolph71 iii4 #djc4 ,pulvinaria1 iii4 #aef4 ,pumice1 ii4 #adj4 ,purchas1 iii4 #gj1 #hf4 ,purgative1 i4 #bde2 ii4 #aie-g4 ,purgatory1 i4 #ga4 ,purge1 i4 #cje4 ,purple1 ii4 #da4 ,puteus 7,cassianus71 ii4 #bd-e4 ,pygmaleon1 ii4 #gh2 iii4 #ha4 ,pyramids1 ii4 #cfj2 iii4 #aci1 #bdi4 ,pyres1 funeral1 iii4 #ih1 seq4 ,pyrrhus1 ii4 #ba4 ,pythagoras1 i4 xli-xliii1 #bj1 #ee1 #adb1 #ahf1 #aih1 #beb1 #bhh1 #cce2 ii4 #ed1 #gh1 #hj-b1 #abi1 #afa1 #agg1 #bef2 iii4 #aae4 ---- 7,letter71 ii4 #aad4 ,pythia1 i4 #ahh4 ,pythias1 i4 #ic4 ,pythius1 iii4 #gd4 ,quacksalvers1 i4 #ach4 ,quadrupeds1 iii4 #ebg4 ,quail1 ii4 #hb2 iii4 #gj1 #ebc4 ,quartan ,agues1 iii4 #cgh4 ,quaternity1 i4 #aib4 ,quich1 iii4 #aae4 ,quicksilver1 i4 #aee1 #bjd1 #bjg1 #bba1 #bcf1 #bci1 #bge2 iii4 #ed4 ,quince1 ii4 #cib1 #cid4 ,quincunx1 iii4 #aej4 ,quinsay1 ii4 #cee4 ,quinsies1 i4 #cjd1 #cah4 ,quinqueranus1 iii4 #bfj4 ,quintilian1 iii4 #aec4 ,raamah1 ii4 #cha4 ,rabbins1 i4 #aca2 ii4 #i1 #cc1 #cg4 ,rabelais1 i4 #ce2 iii4 #gf1 #cbj4 ,rabican1 ii4 #ei4 ,rachel1 iii4 #ai4 ,radzivil1 iii4 #bbe1 #bef1 #bfb4 ,rahab1 ii4 #bbh2 iii4 #bee4 ,raia4 ,see ,ray-fish4 ,rail1 iii4 #eah1 #ebc4 ,rain1 ii4 #cfj4 ,rainbow1 iii4 #aa4 ---- 7lunar71 i4 #aic4 ,ralegh 7,william71 ,bp41 iii4 #ada4 ,raleigh 7,sir ,w471 ii4 #bch1 #cba1 #cdh1 #cfd2 iii4 #ah4 ,ram1 ii4 #aeh-i4 ,ram's horn1 iii4 #aid4 ,ramists1 i4 xxiv4 ,ramuzius1 i4 #bhj2 iii4 #ajb4 ,ranny1 ii4 #de4 ,ranunculus viridis1 ii4 #ag4 ,ranzanus1 ii4 #ccc4 ,ranzovius 7,h471 ii4 #aga4 ,raphael ,urbino1 ii4 #bab1 #bbb4 ,rapunculus1 iii4 #bcg4 ,rat1 i4 #bfe2 ii4 #fe4 ---- 7water71 ii4 #dd4 ,ratisbon1 i4 #age4 ,rattlesnake1 iii4 #agi4 ,raven1 ii4 #bfd2 iii4 #bib1 #ebc4 ,ray 7,mr471 iii4 #eda4 ,ray-fish1 ii4 #gd2 iii4 #ecc4 ,razor-fish1 iii4 #ecd4 ,reason1 i4 #ca1 #hi1 #if2 iii4 #dgc4 ,rebecca1 iii4 #af4 ,red ,sea1 i4 xx1 #ag1 #bca2 ii4 #cfa1 #cfc-g2 iii4 #gg1 #bdb-c4 ,redi 7,francisco71 ii4 #cb4 ,redman 7,william71 ,bp41 iii4 #dji4 ,redshank1 iii4 #bib1 #eai4 ,reedham1 iii4 #eaf4 ,reeds1 iii4 #bge4 ,regio-,montanus1 i4 xxv1 #bd4 ,regulus1 i4 xxxvi4 ,relics1 i4 #dc1 #dd4 ,religio ,laici1 i4 xxviii4 ,remora1 i4 #bej2 ii4 #ajg4 ,remus1 i4 #cci2 iii4 #ii4 ,renatus1 iii4 #bg4 ,renealmus1 iii4 #bfa4 ,,repertorium1 iii4 #cig4 ,resen1 ii4 #cca4 ,restharrow1 iii4 #bgi4 ,resurrection1 i4 #fg2 ii4 #g4 ,reuben1 iii4 #ai4 ,revenge1 i4 #if2 iii4 #dib4 ,reynolds 7,edward71 ,bp41 iii4 #dab-ac4 ,rhabdomancy1 ii4 #bgh-i4 ,rhadamanthus1 i4 #fd4 ,rhamnus1 iii4 #bbc4 ,rhetoric1 i1 #acd1 #afc4 ,rhinoceros1 i4 #agd2 ii4 #fg1 #fi4 ,rhodes1 ii4 #cfa2 iii4 #bbe4 ,rhodians1 ii4 #hb1 #bgh4 ,rhodiginus 7,c471 i4 #bjc2 ii4 #be1 #fb1 #abe1 #acf-g1 #add1 #adf1 #afb1 #afe1 #aga1 #cab2 iii4 #dg4 ,rhodius1 iii4 #cja4 ,rhodomanus1 i4 #afi4 ,rhombus1 iii4 #afa4 ,rhubarb1 i4 #afe1 #cdi2 ii4 #aig1 #cfh4 ,rhyntace1 ii4 #f1 #fa4 ,rice1 iii4 #beg4 ,ricius1 ii4 #bcc4 ,rickets1 iii4 #cgg-h4 ,riding1 i4 #aga4 ,ridley1 i4 #bbf1 #bcc4 ,rigaltius1 iii4 #bih4 ,rimini1 i4 #bbc4 ,ring1 ii4 #aag1 #che-f4 ,ring-doves1 i4 #bic4 ,ring-finger1 ii4 #aag4 ,ringlestone1 iii4 #eba4 ,ringo1 iii4 #aab4 ,riolanus1 i4 #cch2 ii4 #fc4 ,ripa1 ii4 #bfe4 ,ritterhusius1 i4 #agd4 ,rituale ,grcum1 iii4 #abg4 ,rively 7,b471 iii4 #dac4 ,river1 i4 #bjd4 ,river-dog1 i4 #cbe4 ,rochet 7fish71 iii4 #ecj4 ,rock1 rocks1 i4 #bda-b4 ,rock-allum1 i4 #bee4 ,rod1 divining1 ii4 #bgh4 ,rodulphus1 i4 #bhb4 ,rodulphus ,,ii41 i4 #bda4 ,roisold1 iii4 #aaa4 ,rollrich1 iii4 #aac4 ,rollo1 iii4 #aac4 ,roma ,soteranea1 iii4 #aea1 #dca4 ,romans1 i4 #ij1 #cci4 ,rome1 i4 #aci1 #afe1 #aid1 #bbf1 #bbh1 #bhc1 #caf1 #ccb1 #cci2 ii4 #f4 #ced2 iii4 #gf1 #aah4 ---- ,campus ,martius1 ii4 #beb4 ---- ,church of1 i4 #cg1 #gi4 ---- ,english ,college1 ii4 #bdi4 ---- ,lateran ,obelisk1 iii4 #aeb4 ---- ,mausoleum of ,augustus1 iii4 #aef4 ---- ,st4 ,angelo1 iii4 #add4 ---- ,st4 ,peter's1 ii4 #d4 ---- ,vatican ,library1 i4 #ch4 ,romulus1 i4 #cci4 ,rondelet1 i4 #bfg1 #cbd-e2 ii4 #gd1 #he-f1 #ajj1 #bje2 iii4 #ahb1 #ebg-h1 #ecj4 ,rooks1 iii4 #ebc4 ,ropalic ,verses1 iii4 #cjd4 ,ros-solis1 i4 #cjf4 ,rose1 i4 #dd4 ---- ,under the1 ii4 #bff4 ---- 7,five ,brethren of the71 iii4 #agf4 ---- of ,jericho1 i4 #bie2 iii4 #bdj4 ,rosemary1 ii4 #bjh2 iii4 #bbb4 ,rosin1 i4 #bee4 ,rosse 7,a471 i4 xi4 ,rovigno1 iii4 #cgh4 ,rowolfius1 iii4 #bfb4 ,rubrius1 i4 xlix4 ,rubus1 iii4 #bbc4 ,ruby1 i4 #bha1 #bhe4 ,ruck1 iii4 #gh4 ,ruellius1 iii4 #d4 ,rueus 7,f471 i4 #bce1 #bda1 #bei1 #bgh1 #bhd4 ,ruff1 iii4 #ebj1 #ecg4 ,ruffinus1 i4 #bdc4 ,rugge 7,william71 ,bp41 iii4 #dji4 ,ruini 7,carlo71 i4 #cae4 ,rupertus1 i4 #cag1 ,ruptures1 i4 #bde1 #bdg4 ,rushes1 i4 #bgd4 ,russia1 ,emperor of1 i4 #bcc4 ,russians1 iii4 #abi4 ,rustici auctores1 ii4 #cje4 ,ruth1 ii4 #bgd4 ,rye1 i4 #bfj1 #bfe2 ii4 #ajb2 iii4 #bcb1 #bde1 #bdg4 ,s1 i4 xlix1 #hi4 ,s1 i4 xlix2 ii4 #baf4 ,sa 7,emanuel de71 iii4 #bgg4 ,sabellicus1 ii4 #cfc4 ,sabellius1 i4 #aib4 ,sabtacha1 ii4 #cha4 ,sabtah1 ii4 #cha4 ,sacro ,bosco 7,j4 de71 ii4 #agh1 #cih4 ,saddles1 i4 #aga4 ,sadducees1 i4 #aij4 ,sagapenum1 i4 #bef4 ,sagathy1 iii4 #fb4 ,saguntium1 iii4 #beh4 ,st4 ,denis1 ii4 #fh2 iii4 #cej4 ---- ,john's ,wort1 i4 #ahi4 ---- ,malo1 iii4 #ecd4 ---- ,michael islands1 i4 #bbg2 ii4 #cdi1 #cih4 ---- ,olave's ,bridge1 iii4 #cii4 ,saints1 i4 #da1 #hj4 ---- names1 i4 #cjc4 ,sal ,ammoniac1 i4 #bge1 #bgg4 ,sal-gemma1 i4 #bee-f4 ,sal prunell1 i4 #bgg4 ,salah1 ii4 #bid4 ,salamander1 i4 #hc1 #agh2 ii4 #ah4 ,salian1 ii4 #cba2 iii4 #i4 ,saligniaco 7,b4 de71 iii4 #gi4 ,salisbury ,plain1 iii4 #cbd4 ,sallow1 i4 #bga1 #bic4 ,sallust1 ii4 #bah4 ,salmanasser1 ii4 #adi1 #bhg4 ,salmasius1 i4 #agc1 #bjc2 ii4 #ahb1 #baf1 #bah1 #bcd1 #beg2 iii4 #afj4 ,salmon1 iii4 #ecf4 ---- 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #djh1 #dac1 #dai1 #dbj4 ,salmuth1 ii4 #ba4 ,salt1 i4 #aee1 #bje-g2 ii4 #aed1 #bfe1 #cfg4 ,salt of steel1 i4 #bcb4 ,salt-petre1 i4 #bjd-e1 #bga-b1 #bgf-g1 #cah2 ii4 #cid4 ,salthouse1 iii4 #dai4 ,saltimbancoes1 i4 #ach4 ,salvation1 i4 #ge1 #gh-i1 #hj1 #ie4 ,salvino1 i4 #baa4 ,samarcand1 iii4 #fb4 ,samaria1 i4 #cah4 ,samaritans1 i4 #ci2 ii4 #bhi4 ,sammonicus1 i4 #afg2 ii4 #dd4 ,samos1 iii4 #di4 ,samson1 i4 #cd1 #bhb4 ,samuel1 i4 #ahg4 ,san ,salvador1 iii4 #cjh4 ,sanctius 7,f471 i4 #aff4 ,sanctorius1 i4 #bff2 ii4 #aci4 ,sand1 i4 #bjf1 #bfd4 ,sandaraca1 i4 #bee1 #bgg4 ,sandlin 7,john71 iii4 #cig1 #djc-d4 ,sandys 7,george71 ii4 #aec1 #cea4 ,sanguis draconis1 i4 #bae1 #bef4 ,sanity1 ii4 #ajf4 ,sap1 i4 #cjb-c4 ,sapphires1 i4 #bac-ad1 #bee1 #bfh1 #bhd-e4 ,saracens1 ii4 #adi4 ,sardanapalus1 iii4 #gg4 ,sardinos1 ii4 #hf4 ,sardis1 iii4 #aej4 ,sardius1 i4 #bhe4 ,sardonix1 i4 #bhe4 ,sarenus ,sammonicus1 ii4 #ai4 ,sargasso1 iii4 #aib4 ,sarmatia1 iii4 #aab4 ,sarsenet1 i4 #beg4 ,satan1 i4 #aba1 #abc1 #acj1 #adc1 #ahb4 ,saturn1 i4 #ei1 #ajf1 #aia2 ii4 #gh1 #ahb4 ---- ,temple of1 ii4 #bed4 ,saturnus ,egyptius1 ii4 #ccc4 ,saul1 i4 #aie2 iii4 #bda4 ,saulterelle1 iii4 #bic4 ,saurus1 iii4 #ecj4 ,savile 7,sir ,h471 i4 xlviii2 iii4 #djf4 ,savine1 i4 #aga4 ,savourie1 i4 #cjg2 iii4 #ahi4 ,saxony 7,duke of71 iii4 #eda4 ,saw-fish1 iii4 #ebh4 ,saxo1 i4 #bda2 iii4 #aab4 ,saxon language1 iii4 #cjg4 ,saxons1 iii4 #aab4 ,saxony1 ,elector of1 ii4 #fh4 ,scvola1 i4 xxxvi1 #fb2 ii4 #abd2 iii4 #gi4 ,scaliger 7,j4 ,c4 and ,j4 ,j471 passim4 ,scallops1 iii4 #ecd4 ,scamler 7,edm471 ,bp41 iii4 #cii1 #dji4 ,scammony1 i4 #bge1 #cdi2 ii4 #aig4 ,scanderberg1 iii4 #dcg4 ,scape-goat1 i4 #bfb4 ,scarborough 7,dr471 iii4 #eae4 ,scarlet tincture1 iii4 #bei4 ,scepticism1 i4 #adh4 ,sceptics1 i4 #gg1 #ii4 ,schlusselberg1 iii4 #gb4 ,scholars1 i4 #hi1 #ij4 ,schoolman1 i4 #abe4 ,scipio1 i4 #big4 ,sclavonia1 ii4 #cif4 ,schoneveld1 iii4 #agc1 #ebi1 #eca-b4 ,sciatica1 iii4 #b4 ,scolopax1 iii4 #ecj4 ,scolopendr1 ii4 #bb1 #be2 iii4 #ebh4 ,scombri1 ii4 #ceh4 ,scorpion1 i4 #hc1 #aff1 #cja1 #cje4 ,scorpius 7constellation71 i4 #ajf2 ii4 #ahi4 ---- marinus1 i4 #cbj4 ,scortia 7,baptista71 ii4 #ced4 ,scotchmen1 i4 #ij4 ,scrape 7fish71 iii4 #ebh4 ,scribonius ,largus1 i4 #aef2 iii4 #aaa1 #bfd1 #cja4 ,scythia1 ii4 #ccb1 #cce4 ,scythian language1 iii4 #cac4 ,scythians1 ii4 #bhj1 #bhf2 iii4 #aja1 #cji4 ,sea1 i4 #bd1 #afc4 ---- bansticle1 iii4 #ecc4 ---- calf1 iii4 #ebg4 ---- cole1 i4 #beg4 ---- dug1 iii4 #ecf4 ---- hedgehog1 iii4 #ece4 ---- horse1 i4 #bef2 ii4 #gj1 #gd4 ---- leech1 iii4 #ecf4 ---- loch1 iii4 #eca4 ---- louse1 iii4 #ece4 ---- ,miller's ,thumb1 iii4 #eca4 ---- serpent1 ii4 #gd4 ---- stars1 iii4 #ece4 ---- swallow1 i4 #cea1 #eae4 ---- tortoises1 ii4 #fj4 ---- woodcock1 iii4 #ecj4 ---- wolf1 iii4 #ebi4 ,seal 7animal71 iii4 #ebg4 ---- skin1 i4 #bih4 ,seasons1 ii4 #cjj1 #cad1 #cah4 ,sebund 7,raymond71 i4 #afd4 ,securidaca1 i4 #big4 ,seed1 i4 #cja4 ---- 7human71 i4 #bjd4 ,seed-time1 ii4 #cjf4 ,selenus1 i4 #bec4 ,seleucus1 iii4 #bbi1 #cbi4 ,self-love1 i4 #ib4 ,selimus1 ii4 #ced4 ,sem1 iii4 #ae4 ,semenda1 ii4 #f4 ,semiramis1 i4 #cba2 ii4 #cbd-e1 #ccb1 #ccf2 iii4 #adh4 ,sempronius 7,gygas71 ii4 #ia4 ,senaga1 ii4 #cfi4 ,seneca1 i4 xi1 xiv1 xix1 xliv-xlv1 liv1 #cc1 #fg1 #ajg1 #agd1 #bjb1 #bai1 #bgd1 #bhh1 #bih1 #cef-g1 #cei1 #cff4 ,senesinus1 iii4 #ech4 ,senna1 i4 #afe1 #cdi2 ii4 #aig4 ,sennertus1 i4 #bjc1 #bdg1 #bgh4 ,septalius 7,manfred71 iii4 #ge4 ,septuagint1 ii4 #bic4 ,serapion1 i4 #aga1 #bdb1 #bhd1 #cjd2 iii4 #b4 ,serapis1 i4 #bdc2 iii4 #aeb4 ,serbonis1 iii4 #ec4 ,sergius ,,ii41 iii4 #fj1 #fa4 ,serpent1 i4 xxi1 #ah1 #cc1 #abb-c1 #abi1 #aff1 #bii1 #cji1 #cad1 #ccb1 #ccg2 ii4 #ac1 #bb1 #bd1 #ha2 iii4 #ebg4 ---- 7,bibl471 ii4 #bji4 ---- 7,brazen71 i4 #cb4 ,serpents' teeth1 i4 #bhi4 ,serpoile1 ii4 #ce4 ,sertorius1 ii4 #bah-ai2 iii4 #gi4 ,serverius 7,pope71 iii4 #ff4 ,servius1 i4 #ada2 ii4 #bcd1 #bed1 #cjf4 ,sesamum1 iii4 #bch4 ,sesostris1 ii4 #e1 #cfa4 ,seth1 ,sethians1 i4 #aib2 ii4 #gg1 #hb2 iii4 #i1 #bc4 ,seven1 ii4 #afj-a4 ,severinus 7,aurelius71 ii4 #bh1 #ce4 ,severus1 ,emperor1 ii4 #bgi2 iii4 #aje1 #ajf1 #abj1 #dfh4 ,seville1 i4 #age ,sextius1 physician1 ii4 #ai4 ,sferra ,cavallo1 i4 #big4 ,sforzino 7,f471 iii4 #cjj4 ,shark1 iii4 #ebh4 ,shearwater1 iii4 #eaf4 ,sheba1 ii4 #cha-b4 ---- ,queen of1 iii4 #bf4 ,sheep1 i4 #bhi1 #cab1 #cda2 ii4 #hj4 ---- rot1 i4 #cjf ,sheldrake1 iii4 #eaf4 ,shell1 ii4 #ajg-h4 ,shepherds1 i4 #cjf ,sheringham1 iii4 #ecd4 ,shew-bread1 iii4 #afc4 ,shilo1 ii4 #bii4 ,shinar1 i4 #cg2 iii4 #ah4 ,shittah tree1 iii4 #bbd4 ,shoeing-horn1 iii4 #ebb4 ,shovelards1 iii4 #ea1 #eaf4 ,showers of wheat1 i4 #cjc4 ,shrew1 ii4 #dd4 ,shrimp1 ii4 #da1 ,siberis1 ii4 #cge4 ,sibyl1 i4 #fd2 ii4 #bcc4 ,sicilitium1 iii4 #beh4 ,sicily1 ii4 #ccc1 #cgc4 ,sicyonians1 ii4 #ccb4 ,sidonians1 ii4 #cha1 #chc4 ,sidonius1 iii4 #aji1 #dfh4 ,sigismund1 i4 xxxvii2 ii4 #cie4 ,sigma1 ii4 #baf4 ,signor1 ,grand1 ii4 #cfb4 ,sigonius 7,c471 i4 #ccb2 ii4 #add4 ,silence1 ii4 #bff-g2 iii4 #dih4 ,siler montanum1 i4 #bfc4 ,silhon 7de71 i4 xxxv4 ,siliqua1 iii4 #bbf4 ,silkworms1 i4 #eh1 #ccf2 ii4 #aa4 ,silly-how1 ii4 #bgb4 ,silver1 i4 #bci1 #bdj1 #bee4 ---- foliate1 i4 #beg4 ,silvester ,,ii41 ,pope1 i4 xv4 ,simeon1 ii4 #hb4 ,simocrates1 i4 #aee4 ,simples1 i4 #aeg1 #afe4 ,simplicius1 i4 #cce2 ii4 #bhg4 ,simulation1 iii4 #ejj4 ,sin1 i4 #fj1 #fa1 #gg4 ,sinai1 ii4 #cdg4 ,sinites1 ii4 #chc4 ,sinon1 i4 #aef4 ,sion1 ii4 #cbe4 ,sirius1 ii4 #ahc4 ,sisyphus1 i4 #caj4 ,sitomagus1 iii4 #ajg4 ,six1 ii4 #aba4 ,sixtus ,v41 ii4 #bde4 ,sixty-three1 ii4 #afj4 ,skate1 i4 #ccc2 ii4 #ge2 iii4 #ecc4 ,skerewyng 7,roger71 ,bp41 iii4 #djh1 #daj4 ,sleep1 i4 #aje-g1 #ahg2 iii4 #chj4 ,sleswick1 iii4 #aab-ac4 ,sloe1 ii4 #cid4 ,slow-worm1 ii4 #ca1 #de4 ,smallage1 iii4 #bif4 ,small-coal1 i4 #bga-b1 #bgd1 #bgf4 ,small-pox1 iii4 #cgh4 ,smelt1 iii4 #eca4 ,smiths' cinders1 i4 #bci4 ,smoke1 ii4 #bfg4 ,smyris1 i4 #bci4 ,snails1 i4 xlix1 #hc2 ii4 #ad-ae1 #ai1 #dh1 #fa4 ,snake1 i4 #cjf2 ii4 #fa1 #aje1 #ajg2 iii4 #agi4 ,sneezing1 ii4 #add4 ,snellius1 ii4 #bgc4 ,snipe1 ii4 #aae4 ,snow1 i4 #ajh1 #afc1 #aii1 #bjb1 #bje1 #baa1 #bad4 ,soap1 i4 #bfa4 ,socrates1 i4 xxxvii1 #da1 #ii1 #ahe1 #bag2 iii4 #abg4 ,sodom1 i4 xxviii1 #cb2 iii4 #eb1 #cbf1 #ccj1 #cgb4 ---- lake of1 iii4 #ef4 ,sogdiana1 iii4 #fb4 ,sole1 iii4 #ecc4 ,solel1 i4 #cjd4 ,solinus 7,j471 i4 xlix1 #aee1 #agc1 #bjc1 #bce1 #bfb-c1 #bgh1 #cjh1 #cba1 #cbh1 #ccj1 #ccb2 ii4 #a1 #ej1 #fg1 #ha1 #aca1 #acg1 #aee1 #bjb1 #bcd1 #cbi4 #cfc-d2 iii4 #de4 ,solitude1 i4 #ajd4 ,solomon1 i4 #ba1 #bd1 #ch1 #gi1 #hj1 #ii1 #aaa1 #agi1 #aij1 #bcj2 ii4 #dg1 #cde2 iii4 #ba1 #gg4 ,solon1 ii4 #agb-c2 iii4 #dh4 ,solstice1 i4 #dd2 ii4 #cji1 #caj4 ,solyman1 iii4 #dhj4 ,soot1 ii4 #chh4 ,soothsayers1 i4 #adf4 ,soothsaying1 i4 #acg4 ,sophocles1 ii4 #bba4 ,sorceries1 i4 #df4 ,sorites1 i4 #cj4 ,sortes1 ii4 #bgi4 ,soul of ,man1 i4 #gj4 ,southampton1 iii4 #dab4 ,southcreek1 iii4 #ajf4 ,southwell 7,sir ,f471 iii4 #djj4 ,sow1 ii4 #ha4 ,sow-thistles1 ii4 #ajb4 ,sozomen1 ii4 #cei4 ,spadoes1 i4 #cdb4 ,spain1 i4 #bbf1 #bbh1 #bci1 #bhj2 ii4 #ei1 #adi1 #cje1 #ccd-e1 #cci1 #cda1 #cgc1 #cig4 ,spaniards1 i4 #hc1 #ij2 iii4 #caj4 ,spanish mares1 i4 #cba4 ,sparrow1 i4 #cag1 #cda2 ii4 #aae4 ---- 7,anth471 ,bp41 iii4 #dac4 ---- 7fish71 ii4 #bgd4 ,sparrow-camel1 ii4 #fb4 ,sparrow-hawk1 iii4 #bib4 ,spartans1 i4 #ahh2 ii4 #hj2 iii4 #gh1 #cch4 ,spartianus1 ii4 #bci1 #bgc4 ,speedwell1 i4 #cjd4 ,spelman1 iii4 #cba4 ,spelta1 iii4 #bcb4 ,spencer 7,henry71 ,bp41 iii4 #djf1 #daj1 #dbe4 ---- 7,chancellor71 iii4 #dbe4 ---- 7,miles71 iii4 #cig4 ,spendlow 7,mr471 iii4 #djc4 ,sperma ,coeti1 i4 #bae2 ii4 #he4 ,sphere 7,eighth71 i4 #afj4 ,sphinx1 ii4 #a4 ,spider1 i4 #bd1 #cjj-a1 #cbg2 ii4 #df1 #ie1 #ii2 iii4 #ef4 ---- 7,phalangium71 ii4 #bdi4 ---- 7,retiary71 ii4 #bee2 iii4 #aei1 #agg4 ,spigelius1 ii4 #af1 #bgc2 iii4 #d4 ,spina1 iii4 #bbc4 ,spintrian1 i4 li1 #ig4 ,spirito ,santo1 ii4 #cee4 ---- ---- river1 ii4 #cgd4 ,spirits1 i4 #de1 #bjj4 ---- 7apparition71 ii4 #bgh4 ,sponge1 i4 #bfe1 #bgj4 ,sprat1 iii4 #ecb4 ,spring1 i4 xxix1 #ce2 ii4 #cjj-c4 ,spruceland1 i4 #bdg4 ,spunk1 i4 #bgd4 ,spurge1 i4 #cje4 ,squalder1 iii4 #ecb1 #ece-f4 ,square1 i4 #afb4 ,squirrel1 i4 #cab2 ii4 #abc1 #cgg4 ,stables1 i4 #bga4 ,stacte1 iii4 #bbe4 ,stampalia1 ii4 #cbd4 ,stanticle1 iii4 #ech4 ,stapleton 7,sir ,r471 iii4 #fd4 ,star 7,north71 i4 #aff4 ,star1 ,stars1 i4 #acc1 #aic1 #aig1 #bcj2 ii4 #afc-d4 ,stare1 iii4 #gj4 ,starkatterus1 iii4 #aab4 ,starling1 iii4 #ebd4 ,statira1 iii4 #fh4 ,statists1 i4 #aci4 ,statius1 ii4 #acj4 ,staurobates1 ii4 #ccf4 ,stavesaker1 iii4 #bif4 ,steel1 i4 #bjh1 #bad1 #bai1 #bbc1 #bca1 #bfb4 ,steganography1 i4 #bec4 ,stephanus1 i4 #afi4 ,stephens 7 71 iii4 #dch4 ,sternophthalmi1 ii4 #dg4 ,steuchus 7,a471 i4 xxii2 ii4 #baj2 iii4 #e4 ,stews1 ii4 #cig4 ,stibadion1 ii4 #baf4 ,stibium1 i4 #bji1 #bee1 #bfi4 ,stiffskay1 iii4 #ecd4 ,sting-fish1 iii4 #eca4 ,stint1 iii4 #eai4 ,stirrops1 ii4 #bch4 ,stobus1 ii4 #ea2 iii4 #aej4 ,stode1 i4 liv4 ,stoics1 i4 xxvi1 #gg1 #ii1 #ahf4 ,stone 7disease71 i4 #afg1 #baj1 #bab1 #bfa1 #bfc-d2 iii4 #cgi1 #cha4 ---- 7hollow71 ii4 #bhb4 ---- 7philosophers'71 i4 #bcj4 ,stones1 i4 #bjf4 ---- 7precious71 i4 #fi2 iii4 #bbj4 ,storax1 i4 #bjf4 ,stork1 i4 #ccg2 ii4 #ha1 #ib1 #bjb2 iii4 #gj1 #bea1 #eae4 ,stow 7,john71 iii4 #dba4 ,strabo1 i4 xxviii1 xlviii1 #gh1 #aef1 #agj1 #cjh2 ii4 #aef1 #afe1 #bcf1 #bhg1 #ccd-e1 #cdh1 #cej1 #cef1 #cfd-f1 #cfi1 #cge1 #cgh1 #cig2 iii4 #de1 #ec1 #ee1 #gg4 ,strada 7,famianus71 i4 #beb4 ,strangers1 ii4 #bgh4 ,strangulation1 i4 #cjd4 ,stratiotes1 iii4 #afg4 ,strebus1 iii4 #aej4 ,stubble1 iii4 #bcd4 ,sturgeon1 iii4 #ebh4 ,sturmius 7,j471 ii4 #age4 ,styrax ,liquida1 i4 #bee4 ,styx1 i4 #bih4 ,suama1 ii4 #cee1 #cgd4 ,suarez1 i4 xxiii1 #bd4 ,sub-reformists1 i4 #gi4 ,succory1 iii4 #bgd4 ,sueno1 iii4 #ajg4 ,sueons1 iii4 #aaa-ab4 ,suetonius1 i4 xxxiii1 l1 li1 #agb1 #caj2 ii4 #ba1 #ahj1 #bag1 #bdj2 iii4 #bf1 #ci4 ,suez1 ii4 #cfb1 #cfe4 ,suffolk1 i4 #big2 iii4 #eaf4 ,sugar1 i4 #bje1 #bjg1 #bgj4 ,suidas1 ii4 #agd1 #bcd1 #bed1 #cfe-f2 iii4 #bh1 #dc1 #fe4 ,sulphur1 i4 #bca1 #bdj1 #bee1 #bfa1 #bgb1 #bgf2 ii4 #cfg1 #chh-i4 ---- ,vive1 i4 #bga1 #bgf4 ,summer1 i4 xxix4 #ce2 ii4 #cjc4 ,sun1 i4 #dh1 #acc1 #afb1 #agi1 #aid1 #aig1 #beh2 ii4 #d1 #g1 #bga1 #bhc1 #cac1 #cgb-c1 #cii4 ,sun-flowers1 iii4 #afh4 ,sunshine1 i4 #gi4 ,sundevogis 7,michael71 i4 #bdj4 ,superlatives1 ii4 #ced4 ,superstition1 i4 #i1 #adb2 ii4 #bfe4 ,supinity1 i4 #adj1 #adg4 ,supporters 7heraldic71 ii4 #bed4 ,surgeons1 iii4 #bai4 ,surius1 iii4 #aaf4 ,surlingham ,ferry1 iii4 #ebg4 ,susanna1 iii4 #bfb4 ,susians1 ii4 #ccb4 ,suthfield 7,walter de71 ,bp41 iii4 #daj4 ,sutton ,hospital1 iii4 #djg4 ,swallows1 i4 #adb1 #cag2 ii4 #bgg4 ---- 7sea71 i4 #cea4 ,swan1 ii4 #hi1 #cgj2 iii4 #ead4 ,swickardus1 i4 #bdg4 ,swift 7lizard71 iii4 #ech4 ,swimming1 ii4 #acd4 ,swine1 i4 #cac2 ii4 #hj1 #cbd4 ,swords1 i4 #dd4 ,swordfish1 i4 #bef2 ii4 #fi2 iii4 #ebh4 ,sycomore1 iii4 #b1 #bdc-e4 ,sylla 7,cornelius71 iii4 #ii1 #ajj1 #adc4 ,syllogism1 i4 #acd4 ,sylvius 7,f471 ii4 #age2 iii4 #fg4 ,symmachus1 i4 #aib2 ii4 #aeg1 #bic2 iii4 #bhh1 #bid4 ,symmetry1 ii4 #chf4 ,symphorianus 7,c471 iii4 #bgd4 ,synesius1 iii4 #gf4 ,syrach1 iii4 #ae4 ,syracides1 iii4 #ad4 ,syracusia1 iii4 #gg4 ,syrens1 ii4 #hi1 #bec4 ,syrens' song1 iii4 #acg4 ,syria1 ii4 #bhj2 iii4 #bgd4 ,syrians1 ii4 #hj-a1 #cif4 ,syrups1 i4 #beh4 ,t1 i4 xlix1 #hi4 ,tables 7,twelve71 iii4 #ejj4 ,taciturnity1 iii4 #dih4 ,tacitus1 i4 xlii1 xlvii1 #aja2 ii4 #e1 #ha1 #bch4 #cdh1 #ciga2 iii4 #aaa-ab4 ---- ,emperor1 iii4 #dcc4 ,tadpole1 ii4 #ag1 #ah1 #chj4 ,tainct1 ii4 #ih4 ,talc1 ,talcum1 i4 #bee-f4 ,taliacotius1 i4 #beb1 #cdg4 ,tamarind1 ii4 #aig4 ,tamarisk1 iii4 #bbc4 ,tammarice1 iii4 #bbc4 ,tamerlane1 iii4 #fb4 ,tanais1 ii4 #ccb1 #cej4 ,tantalus1 i4 #caj4 ,taprobana1 i4 #bca4 ,tarantula1 ii4 #ajf4 ,tardiffe1 iii4 #cjj4 ,targum1 i4 #bhe2 iii4 #aee4 ,tarquinius ,priscus1 i4 xlix1 #adc4 ,tarranta 7,valescus de71 i4 #bhf4 ,tarsus1 iii4 #gg4 ,tartar1 i4 #bjd1 #bjf2 ii4 #cid4 ,tartar1 oil of1 i4 #bgg4 ---- salt of1 i4 #bgj4 ,tartaretus1 i4 #ce4 ,tartars1 ii4 #hc1 #ced2 iii4 #cdg4 ,tartarus1 iii4 #aca4 ,tartary1 ii4 #ba1 #ajf1 #aij1 #cif4 ---- ,emperor of1 ii4 #ba4 ,tau1 iii4 #aea4 ,taurus1 i4 #aeh2 iii4 #afe4 ---- ship1 i4 #cci4 ---- 7constellation71 ii4 #bef1 #cjc4 ,tavern-music1 i4 #aja4 ,teale1 iii4 #eag4 ,tear-bottles1 iii4 #aae4 ,teazel1 iii4 #afg4 ,teeth1 iii4 #cgg4 ,tekel1 i4 xvi4 ,telesin1 iii4 #caj4 ,tempest1 i4 #bhd4 ,tenapha1 iii4 #aeb4 ,tenby1 ii4 #cij4 ,tench1 iii4 #ecg4 ,teneriffe1 ii4 #cee1 #ceg4 ,tenison 7,t471 iii4 #bag4 ,tenth wave and egg1 iii4 #ff-g4 ,terebinthus1 iii4 #bda4 ,tereus1 iii4 #eb1 #bia4 ,terra ,lemnia1 i4 #bce4 ,terrella1 i4 #bbe4 ,tertullian1 i4 xix1 xxxvii1 #af2 ii4 #d1 #e1 #h1 #bhi1 #bih2 iii4 #ec4 ,testicles1 i4 #adb1 #cba-f4 ,tetragrammaton1 i4 #aij2 ii4 #bcc4 ,tetricus1 iii4 #ajg1 #dcc4 ,tetter1 iii4 #aei4 ,theta1 iii4 #ach4 ,thales1 i4 xx1 #aei1 #bag2 ii4 #afc4 ,thalmudist1 i4 #abe4 ,thames1 ii4 #ij2 iii4 #ead4 ,thargum1 i4 #abc4 ,thebes1 ii4 #afb1 #ccb2 iii4 #gg4 ,themison1 ii4 #bja4 ,themistocles1 i4 #ajg2 ii4 #adg2 iii4 #dhj4 ,theocritus1 i4 #aef1 #cch-i2 ii4 #adf4 ,theodoret1 i4 xxxi1 xli2 ii4 #bie2 iii4 #dj4 ,theodoric1 iii4 #abj1 #bhh4 ,theodorus1 ii4 #ceh4 ,theodosius1 i4 #ahj2 ii4 #bic1 #cei2 iii4 #bid1 #cbj4 ,theodotian1 ii4 #aeg4 ,theodoius1 i4 #aib4 ,theon1 i4 #cdd4 ,theophanes1 ii4 #bij4 ,theophilus1 ,antioch41 ii4 #bij4 ,theophrastus1 i4 xliii1 #bei4 #bia1 #cde2 ii4 #bf1 #cj1 #ei1 #adh2 iii4 #aec1 #bdc1 #bdh4 ,theophylact1 ii4 #bba-b4 ,thermometer1 ii4 #aic4 ,thersites1 ii4 #che2 iii4 #aci4 ,theseus1 iii4 #hi4 ,thessalians1 i4 #ada2 ii4 #ha1 #ib4 ,thetford1 iii4 #ajg1 #dje1 #eai1 #ebj4 ---- ,cluniacs1 iii4 #dje4 ,thetis1 ii4 #gh4 ,theudas1 i4 #acg4 ,thevet 7,a471 ii4 #fg2 iii4 #ec4 ,thievery1 i4 #bdi4 ,thieves1 i4 #afg4 ,thirlby 7,tho471 ,bp41 iii4 #daa4 ,tholouse1 i4 #afd4 ,thomas ,aquinas1 i4 xlv1 #bcd2 ii4 #cg4 ---- 7,st471 i4 #aia4 ---- 7,will471 i4 xlviii4 ,thora1 i4 #bij4 ,thornbacks1 i4 #ccc2 ii4 #ge2 iii4 #ecc4 ,thorpe1 iii4 #ajh4 ,thrace1 iii4 #bdh4 ,throats1 sore1 i4 #cjd4 ,thrushes1 i4 #bic-d4 ,thuanus1 i4 xvi1 #bhb2 iii4 #cjj4 ,thucydides1 i4 #adb1 #afh-i2 ii4 #cba1 #ccf2 iii4 #de1 #abb4 ,thunder1 i4 #bgc1 #bih4 ,thunderstorm 7,norwich1 #affe71 iii4 #edh4 ,thunni1 ii4 #ceh4 ,thursford1 iii4 #dai4 ,thyme1 i4 #cjg4 ,thymela1 i4 #bdf4 ,tiberius1 i4 li1 #bff1 #bih2 iii4 #aah1 #acg4 ,tibullus1 iii4 #ace4 ,tides1 iii4 #dg4 ,tiffinies1 ii4 #chi4 ,tiger1 i4 #cf2 ii4 #da1 #hc1 #ajg1 #cgj4 ,tigris1 ii4 #cfe4 ,tiles1 i4 #bba2 iii4 #aad4 ,time1 iii4 #ach4 ,timon1 i4 #ac4 ,timotheus de ,insulis1 i4 #aee4 ,tin1 i4 #aee1 #bfa4 ,tinder1 i4 #bgb1 #bgd4 ,tiresias1 ii4 #cd2 iii4 #aca4 ,tithymallus1 ii4 #aig4 ,titius1 i4 #caj4 ,titus 7,emperor71 ii4 #adi4 ,toad1 i4 #bf1 #hc1 #cce-f2 ii4 #ac1 #bi1 #de1 #fj1 #ie4 ,toad-stone1 ii4 #ac4 ,toad-stools1 i4 xlix1 #hc2 ii4 #ajb4 ,tobacco1 iii4 #bcg4 ,tobias1 i4 #ahi1 #cbj4 ,tobit1 i4 #aig4 ,toledo1 ii4 #cje4 ,toll1 i4 #ie4 ,tomineio1 ii4 #cee2 iii4 #bhc1 #edj4 ,tongs1 i4 #bba4 ,tonumbeus1 ii4 #ced4 ,tooth 7,golden71 ii4 #ach4 ,topaz1 i4 #bad1 #bhe4 ,torpedo1 i4 #ccd1 #cdi2 ii4 #gd1 #ajj4 ,tortoise1 ii4 #ad1 #bj2 iii4 #gf4 ---- 7sea71 ii4 #fa4 ,tortoise-shell1 i4 #bef4 ,tostatus1 i4 #aff2 ii4 #bab4 ,touchstone1 i4 #bef4 ,touchwood1 i4 #bgd4 ,tournai1 iii4 #aaj4 ,townshend 7,sir ,horatio71 iii4 #ij4 ,tragacanth1 i4 #bje4 ,trajan1 i4 #agb2 iii4 #ajf1 #abj4 ,trallianus1 i4 #aga4 ,transmigration1 i4 #ahf4 ,trapezuntius 7,georgius71 iii4 #cj4 ,travellers1 i4 #cch4 ,tree of ,knowledge1 i4 #abc-e1 #abh4 ,tree of ,life1 i4 #abf4 ,trees1 i4 #bfa1 #cjb4 ,tremellius1 i4 #bae1 #ccg2 ii4 #b1 #h1 #de1 #aeg1 #bda1 #bed1 #bge1 #cdg2 iii4 #ae1 #bfe4 ,trent1 i4 #aa1 #cbh2 ii4 #fc4 ---- ,river1 iii4 #dh4 ,triangle1 i4 #afb4 ,triarii1 iii4 #afa4 ,tribes of ,israel1 ii4 #bbi-ca4 ---- 7lost71 ii4 #adi4 ,tribonianus1 iii4 #dcf4 ,tribute money1 iii4 #bhg4 ,tricarina1 i4 #aeh4 ,tricassus1 ii4 #bgf4 ,triclinium1 i4 #caa2 ii4 #bah4 ,trimley1 iii4 #eaf4 ,trinity1 i4 #aib4 ,trinum ,magicum1 i4 #agf4 ,trismegistus1 i4 #abh2 iii4 #aa1 #bjf1 #dfh1 #dhc4 ,trithemius1 i4 #bec4 ,tritons1 ii4 #bed4 ,triumvirates1 i4 xxvii4 ,troas1 iii4 #cbf4 ,trogus ,pompeius1 i4 #aee2 ii4 #cba4 ,trophum1 ii4 #b4 ,tropics1 ii4 #cjc4 ,trout1 iii4 #ecg4 ,trowse1 iii4 #dja1 #ecf4 ,troy1 i4 #bej2 ii4 #ccb4 ,tubal1 ii4 #ccd4 ,tubal-,cain1 iii4 #bbj4 ,tulip1 ii4 #cfh4 ,tulip-fly1 iii4 #agd4 ,tulipists1 iii4 #ie4 ,tullia1 ii4 #eg4 ,tumbler1 ii4 #abd4 ,tunis1 i4 #bgh4 ,tunny1 ii4 #ahg4 ,turbot1 iii4 #ecc4 ,turbus 7,william71 ,bp41 iii4 #dje4 ,turdus sibi malum1 i4 #bid4 ,turkey1 ii4 #ib1 #cig4 ,turkeys1 i4 #cbj2 ii4 #fd4 ,turkish ,hymn1 iii4 #cjb4 ,turks1 i4 #cg1 #dj2 ii4 #f1 #bhj4 ,turnebus1 i4 #bcj2 ii4 #bff4 ,turonensis4 ,see ,gregorius4 ,turpentine1 i4 #bje1 #bji1 #bee4 ,turpentine-tree1 iii4 #gi1 #bda1 #bfa4 ,turquoise1 i4 #bad4 ,tuscans1 i4 #aid4 ,tuscan ,sea1 i4 #bdb4 ,twilight1 ii4 #cja4 ,twine 7,th471 iii4 #aac1 #cbe4 ,tyre1 iii4 #bbj1 #eeb4 ,tzetzes 7,j471 i4 #agd1 #bej2 ii4 #adh1 #bei4 ,typographers1 i4 xxxv1 #ci4 ,typography1 i4 #bcj-a4 ,see ,printing4 ,ulfketel1 iii4 #ajg4 ,ulmus1 iii4 #cgf4 ,ulysses1 i4 #bcj1 #bcf2 ii4 #bec1 #bgi2 iii4 #aac1 #aca1 #acb4 ---- his dog1 i4 #cdc4 ,umbra1 ii4 #bah4 ,uncircumcised fruit1 iii4 #bfc4 ,unguentum ,armarium1 i4 #bec4 ,unguinus1 iii4 #aab4 ,unguis ,odoratus1 iii4 #bbe4 ,unicorn1 i4 #afe2 ii4 #fg1 #gc2 iii4 #bec4 ---- horn1 i4 #bef2 ii4 #ff4 ---- 7sea71 ii4 #fh4 ,universities1 i4 #ace1 #adf1 #aea4 ,upsala1 i4 #bda4 ,upupa1 iii4 #bij4 ,uranoscopus1 ii4 #aab4 ,urbin4 ,see ,raphael4 ,urias ,bellanii1 ii4 #aaa4 ,urinals1 i4 lv1 #ajh4 ,urine1 i4 #aaf1 #bji1 #bfa1 #bfd1 #bhd2 ii4 #ac4 ,urns1 iii4 #dcj-g4 ,,urn-,,burial1 iii4 #ig4 ,uroscopy1 i4 #aaf4 ,ursa ,major1 ii1 #cdb4 ,urspergensis1 ii4 #cba4 ,utinam1 i4 #ci1 #ahd4 ,utopia1 ii4 #g4 ,utyches1 i4 #aib4 ,uzziah1 i4 #ccg4 ,valens1 iii4 #ajf4 ,valentinianus1 ii4 #bci4 ,valentinus1 i4 #aia-b4 ,valla 7,l471 iii4 #gd1 #abb4 ,varro 7,m471 ii4 #agb1 #ahj1 #bcc1 #cje1 #cbj1 #cdd2 iii4 #aej1 #aec1 #bdh1 #beh4 ,vartomannus1 ii4 #fg1 #bee4 ,varus1 iii4 #cbc4 ,vashti1 iii4 #adi4 ,vatablus1 ii4 #aeg4 ,vaucluse1 iii4 #cbj4 ,vegetables1 i4 #bhe4 ,vegetius1 ii4 #bdj4 ,veientes1 iii4 #ge4 ,veiento1 ii4 #bbb4 ,venereal disease1 ii1 #cgh2 iii4 #bei4 ,venetus 7,georgius71 iii4 #bj4 ,venice1 i4 xviii1 #aa2 ii4 #ba2 iii4 #df-g1 #cdh4 ---- ,doge of1 i4 xlviii1 #gg4 ---- glass1 i4 #bji2 iii4 #fi4 ---- ,piazza1 i4 #ach4 ,venice1 ,st4 ,mark's1 ii4 #fh4 ,venison1 i4 #cdd4 ,venta1 iii4 #ajg1 ,venus1 i4 #bdg1 #cai2 ii4 #bfg-h2 iii4 #b1 #d1 #aeb4 ,verdigris1 ii4 #cib4 ,vergil1 i4 xv1 xviii1 xxix1 #aef1 #bic1 #cch2 ii4 #c1 #afd1 #bcd1 #bdj1 #bgi1 #cjf2 iii4 #acb1 #aec1 #bfa1 #bib1 #cbc4 ---- 7,polydore71 i4 #caa2 ii4 #bch1 #bea1 #cif2 iii4 #cgh4 ,verona1 i4 #agb2 iii4 #dcd4 ,verstegan1 iii4 #caj4 ,verus 7,lucius71 emperor1 ii4 #bag4 ,vervain1 iii4 #bhb4 ,vespasian1 i4 #agb1 #aii2 ii4 #hh1 #adi1 #bbb2 iii4 #ec1 #aje-f1 #dcd1 #eeb4 ,veterinarians1 i4 #cad4 ,via ,appia1 iii4 #bbf4 ,vibius1 i4 xlix4 ,vice1 i4 #fj1 #gg1 #ia1 #aed4 ,vicissitude1 iii4 #dig4 ,vicomercatus1 i4 #bih2 iii4 #dd4 ,victorinus ,posthumius1 iii4 #ajf4 ,victorius 7,petrus71 ii4 #bcf1 #bch-i1 #beg1 #bfg4 ,vida1 ii4 #bdh4 ,vienna1 iii4 #cej4 ---- ,library1 ii4 #bfb4 ,viginerus1 iii4 #dca4 ,vincentius1 ii4 #bd4 ---- ,belluacensis1 i4 #agf4 ---- ,camerinus1 ii4 #bh4 ,vine1 iii1 #bdj4 ,vinegar1 i4 #bca1 #bcg1 #bgf2 iii4 #gd4 ,viol1 iii4 #hj4 ,violet 7white71 i4 #bif4 ,viper1 i4 #hc1 #agd1 #agi1 #cja1 #ccg2 ii4 #bf1 #de1 #aje1 #bef4 ,virginity1 i4 #ach4 ,virgo1 ii4 #aia4 ,virtue1 i4 #fg1 #gg1 #ia4 ,virtute nil prstantius1 i4 #afj4 ,viscus ,arboreus1 i4 #bic4 ,vitello1 i4 #cce4 ,vitex1 i4 #aga4 ,vitrification1 i4 #gb1 #bji4 ,vitriol1 i4 #bjd1 #bjf1 #bba1 #bcb1 #beg1 #cib-c4 ,vitruvius1 iii4 #aej4 ,vives1 ii4 #ba4 ,vizzanius 7,e471 ii4 #ea4 ,volaterranus1 iii4 #fe4 ,volupia1 iii4 #dff4 ,volusianus1 iii4 #dcf4 ,vomit1 i4 #cje4 ,voragine 7,j4 de71 ii4 #bdi4 ,vossius 7,i471 i4 #bdc2 ii4 #bcj1 #bic4 ,vulcan1 ii4 #acc1 #ach2 iii4 #adg1 #aeh-i4 ,vulteius1 iii4 #che4 ,vulture1 ii4 #bei4 ,wakering 7,john71 ,bp41 iii4 #djb4 ,wales1 boats1 i4 #bdj4 ,wallachia1 ii4 #cif4 ,walnut1 ii4 #cic4 ,walpole 7,ralph de71 ,bp41 iii4 #daa4 ,walsingham1 iii4 #dai1 #dcj4 ---- 7old71 iii4 #ajd1 #aje4 ,wandering ,jew1 iii4 #ga4 ,wanton or ,walton 7,simon de71 ,bp41 iii4 #daj4 ,war1 i4 #cjj-a4 ,ware1 co4 ,herts1 iii4 #afc4 ,wart1 ii4 #bhb4 ,wasp1 ii4 #bi4 ,water1 i4 #cjf2 ii4 #eh2 iii4 #aih4 ---- 7,holy71 i4 #aij4 ,water-beetle1 iii4 #ech4 ,water-rat1 ii4 #dd4 ,wave 7tenth71 iii4 #ff4 ,waveney1 iii4 #ecf4 ,wax1 i4 #bee-g1 #bfj1 #bgf4 ,wealth1 iii4 #chi4 ,weasel1 i4 #afg4 ,weather-cocks1 i4 #cdh4 ,wecker1 i4 #bdg4 ,weight1 ii4 #ach4 ,welts1 co4 ,norfolk1 ii4 #he2 iii4 #ebg4 ,wendlerus1 i4 #bfh4 ,wesell ling1 iii4 #ebi4 ,west1 ii4 #cch4 ,westhall1 iii4 #dbj4 ,westminster ,abbey1 iii4 #daa4 ,westphalia1 iii4 #bih4 ,wether1 ,african1 iii4 #gh4 ,whales1 i4 #bd1 #bae2 ii4 #bee4 ---- 7,spermaceti71 ii4 #he2 iii4 #ahc1 #ebg4 ,wheat1 i4 #bfj1 #cjc2 ii4 #ajb4 ,whelks1 iii4 #ecd4 ,whelp1 ii4 #id1 #ach1 #cei2 iii4 #bfe4 ,whin bird1 iii4 #ebd4 ,white1 i1 xx1 xxii4 ---- 7,francis71 ,bp41 iii4 #dab4 ,whitefoot 7,john71 iii4 #dab4 ,white-thorn1 i4 #bic4 ,whitherley 7,thomas71 iii4 #aje4 ,whiting1 ii4 #hd2 iii4 #ecb4 ,whores1 i4 #aga4 ,wicklewood1 iii4 #dji4 ,willoughby 7,francis71 iii4 #eda4 ,willow1 i4 #bga1 #bgd2 iii4 #bgd4 ,winclerus1 iii4 #bd4 ,wind1 i4 #cdh-i2 ii4 #bgb4 ---- 7west71 ii4 #ei4 ,wind-guns1 i4 #bge4 ,windham 7,sir ,t471 iii4 #djc4 ,windows1 i4 #bbb4 ,windsor1 ii4 #gj4 ,wine1 i4 #adf1 #bjd1 #bih1 #cjf2 iii4 #fj4 ---- 7spirits of71 i4 #bje1 #bjg1 #bji1 #beg1 #bfj4 ,winter1 ii4 #cjc4 ,witchcraft1 ii4 #bfe4 ,witches1 i4 #de1 #cad4 ,withred1 iii4 #cba4 ,wolf1 i4 #cch4 ,wolf-skin1 i4 #agd4 ,woman1 i4 #ajj4 ,wood1 i4 #bef4 ,woodcock1 ii4 #aae4 ,woodpecker1 i4 #cjj2 iii4 #ebj4 ,woodsear1 ii4 #bjh4 ,wool-comber1 ii4 #hg4 ,worcester ,cathedral1 iii4 #daa4 ,worm1 i4 #cji2 ii4 #be1 #ig4 ,wormius 7,olaus71 ii4 #bgj2 iii4 #aac1 #cbc1 #eca4 ,worthies1 ii4 #bcg4 ,wounds1 i4 #bej4 ,wren1 ii4 #cee4 ---- 7,matthew71 ,bp41 iii4 #dab4 ,wright 7,john71 iii4 #cig4 ,writing-dust1 i4 #bci4 ,wyvern1 ii4 #bei4 ,x1 ii4 #bef2 iii4 #bja-b4 ---- 7,chi71 iii4 #aej4 ,xanthus river1 ii4 #cff4 ,xenocrates1 ii4 #agd4 ,xenophanes1 i4 #aii1 #bag4 ,xenophon1 ii4 #ahj1 #cbj-a1 #cbi2 iii4 #adi1 #aej4 ,xerisanus1 ii4 #bdh4 ,xerxes1 ii4 #adg1 #cbf2 iii4 #gd-e4 ,xilander1 i4 #agj4 ,xiphilinus1 i4 #caj4 ,y1 ii4 #bef4 ,yarmouth1 iii4 #ajg1 #dcb1 #eae1 #ebg-i1 #ece1 #edd4 ---- ,st4 ,nicholas1 iii4 #dje4 ,yarwhelp1 iii4 #ebb4 ,yaxley1 iii1 #djd4 ,year1 ii4 #afj-hc1 #cei4 ---- 7commencement71 ii4 #aha-b4 ,yew1 i4 #cjf2 iii4 #abi4 ,youth1 i4 #bdf2 iii4 #dhg4 ,zacheus1 iii4 #b1 #gi1 #bdd-e4 ,zaire1 ii4 #cee1 #cgd4 ,zamberius 7,p471 ii4 #bfb4 ,zanzibar1 ii4 #cgd4 ,zeboim1 iii4 #cbf4 ,zeilan1 i4 #bdf1 #bib4 ,zemerites1 ii4 #chc4 ,zeno 7,sidonius871 i4 xlv1 #fb1 #adi2 iii4 #gh1 #cic1 #dec4 ,zerah1 ii4 #chb4 ,zerubabel1 ii4 #adi4 ,zibavius1 ii4 #ei4 ,zibeta ,occidentalis1 i4 #bci4 ,zizania1 iii4 #bgf-i4 ,zodiack1 ii4 #bhc1 #cjj1 #cih4 ,zoilism1 iii4 #dfg4 ,zonaras1 iii4 #fe4 ,zone 7,torrid71 i4 #afj4 ,zoroaster1 i4 xxxiii1 #ch1 #aih2 iii4 #adh4 ,zur1 ii4 #chb4 ,zwingli1 i4 xix4 ,printed by ,t4 and ,a4 ,,constable1 ,printers to ,his ,majesty at the ,edinburgh ,university ,press ,transcriber's ,notes3 ,marginal notes are used for multiple purposes in this edition1 and somewhat differently in each of ,browne's works4 ,generally speaking1 those notes which serve as paragraph descriptions1 at or near the head of a paragraph1 precede that paragraph4 ,those which serve to annotate specific points are inserted parenthetically as ,,sn3 notes4 ,pseudodoxia ,epidemica3 ,footnotes and section headers were both printed in the margins4 ,for this text version1 numbered marginal footnotes have been moved to the end of their paragraphs4 ,the headers have been moved to appear on a separate line at the beginning of each section4 ,redundant sidenotes merely indicating ,part and ,section numbers have been removed4 ,hydriotaphia3 ,both lettered and numbered sidenotes are presented1 at the end of each chapter as traditional footnotes4 ,garden of ,cyrus3 ,nearly all marginal notes are numbered1 and are move to the end of each chapter4 ,any remaining notes are inserted as ,,sn3 notes4 ,certain ,miscellany ,tracts3 ,there are both numbered and unnumbered marginal notes4 ,since several of the tracts are lengthy1 numbered notes have been moved only to the end of the paragraph where they appear4 ,notes appearing at the head of a numbered section are retained on a separate line as ,sidenote3 ,topic4 ,mid-paragraph notes are inserted parenthetically as ,,sn3 notes4 ,christian ,morals3 ,the marginal entries are either section numbers or footnotes4 ,the latter have been moved to the end of each section4 ,spelling varies considerably1 and the text as printed is nearly always retained4 ,the table below summarizes any changes that were made1 as well as any variants which have not been changed1 but are particularly problematic4 ,the yogh-like character following a final q in many ,latin words is a scribal abbreviation for 'ue'1 quinq22 and was frequently printed as a semicolon 727 ,in the script that appears as a caption to the quincunce preceding p4 #adg1 the character appears as a yogh4 ,for this text version1 the semicolon is used here as well4 ,trivial inconsistencies in punctuation1 particularly in abbreviations appearing in footnotes or sidenotes1 as well as the ,index1 have been silently resolved4 ,index entries reference all three volumes1 using 'i'1 'ii'1 'iii'4 ,any volume references which are redundant have been removed4 ,in the text of ,,found ,,in ,,norwalk1 punctuation and capitalization seems haphazard1 and has been left as printed4 ,the following entries indicate where minor printer's errors were made4 ,with few exceptions1 ,latin passages are allowed to stand as printed1 except where noted below4 p4 #ii not in ,cs4 ,commentar4 added 'n' p4 #aja ,the gyptians were afraid of fire added 'p' p4 #aci we compute our felicities added 'u'4 p4 #aec possessions of his father added 'ess' p4 #afd ,greece added 'e' p4 #beh note ,psal4 #abj4 #d4 marginal note number added to match anchor p4 #bgi ,de ,horti-cultura4 hyphen missing1 joined p4 #bia ,note #a3 ,see ,vulg4 ,err4444 added ',s' p4 #ccc strateutai added 't' p4 #daa h_/,he is said to have begun changed to uppercase ',h' p4 #dbc holden ,june #d4 #afcc4_/1 it was agreed changed to 4 to 1 p4 #ech and a cod4_/1 a very good dish '4' corrected to '1' p4 #egc ,ear-wig1 #bif4_/;ii4 #if4 'ii4 #if' rather than '#bif' p4 #egc ,electrical bodies1 i4 #bed4 added missing volume p4 #egd ,eve 444 iii4 v4_/#e-f1 #aj4 corrected roman number and added actual ,vol4 ,,iii references p4 #egf ,gnat-net1 iii4 #aeh4 added missing volume reference p4 #eij ,pigeon1 i4 #cd1 #cag-h1 #cbj-aa_/a2 remove extraneous '#a' p4 #eij ---- tree1 iii4 #aih added missing volume reference p4 #eib ,purchas1 iii_/ii4 #gj1 #hf4 wrong volume reference p4 #eic ,saligniaco 7,b4 de71 #cgi_/;iii4 #gi4 corrected volume reference p4 #eie ,silhon 7de71 i4 xxxv4 removed leading blanks