,,! ,,*ur* ,,on ,,! ,,*ang+ ,,fronti] ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,big ,,hole ,,riv]1 ,,montana ,,committee ,,on ,,social ,,& ,,religi\s ,,surveys ,,t[n ,,& ,,c\ntry ,,dep>tm5t ,,edmund ,,des4 ,,brunn]1 ,director ,,! ,,*ur* ,,on ,,! ,,*ang+ ,,fronti] ,a ,,/udy ,,( ,,! ,,home/ead] ,,& ,,8 ,,*ur* ,,by ,,hel5 ,o4 ,,belknap ,,) ,,illu/rations ,,maps ,,& ,,*>ts ,,new ,,york ,,george ,h4 ,,doran ,,company ,,copyright1 #aibb1 ,,by ,,george ,h4 ,,doran ,,company ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,( ,,am]ica ,,preface ,! ,committee on ,social & ,religi\s ,surveys 0 organiz$ 9 ,janu>y1 #aiba4 ,its aim is to comb9e ! sci5tific me?od ) ! religi\s motive4 ,! ,committee conducts & publi%es /udies & surveys1 & promotes conf]5ces = _! consid]ation4 ,x cooep]ates ) o!r social & religi\s ag5cies1 b is itself an indep5d5t organization4 ,! ,committee is compos$ (3 ,john4 ,r4 ,mott1 ,*airman2 ,erne/ ,d4 ,burton1 ,secret>y2 ,raymond ,b4 ,fosdick1 ,treasur]2 ,james ,l4 ,b>ton & ,w4 ,h4 ,p4 ,faunce4 ,gal5 ,m4 ,fi%] is ,associate ,executive ,secret>y4 ,! (fices are at #aaa ,fif? ,av5ue1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,9 ! field ( t[n & c\ntry ! ,committee s\ght fir/ ( all to cons]ve "s ( ! results ( ! surveys made by ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t4 ,9 ord] to v]ify "s ( ^! surveys1 x c>ri$ on field /udies1 describ$ lat]1 along regional l9es work$ out by ,dr4 ,w>r5 ,h4 ,wilson#a & adopt$ by ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t4 ,^! regions are3 ,i4 ,colonial ,/ates3 ,all ( ,new ,engl&1 ,new ,york1 ,p5nsylvania & ,new ,j]sey4 ,,ii4 ,! ,s\?3 ,all ! ,/ates s\? ( ,mason & ,dixon's l9e & ! ,ohio ,riv] ea/ ( ! ,mississippi1 includ+ ,l\isiana4 ,,iii4 ,! ,s\!rn ,highl&s ,section3 ,?is section comprises ab\t #bej c\nties 9 ,! back y>ds ( eight ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,,iv4 ,! ,middle ,we/3 ,! ,/ates ( ,ohio1 ,indiana1 ,mi*igan1 ,ill9ois1 ,wiscons91 ,i[a & nor!rn ,miss\ri4 ,v4 ,nor?we/3 ,m9nesota1 ,nor? ,dakota1 ,s\? ,dakota & ea/]n ,montana4 ,,vi4 ,prairie3 ,oklahoma1 ,kansas & ,nebraska4 ,,vii4 ,s\?we/3 ,s\!rn ,miss\ri1 ,arkansas & ,texas4 ,,viii4 ,range or ,m\nta93 ,arizona1 ,new ,mexico1 ,utah1 ,colorado1 ,idaho1 ,wyom+1 ,nevada & we/]n ,montana4 ,! ,director ( ! ,t[n & ,c\ntry ,survey ,dep>tm5t = ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t 0 ,edmund de,s4 ,brunn]4 ,he is likewise ! ,director ( ?is ,dep>tm5t = ! ,committee on ,social & ,religi\s ,surveys4 ,! orig9al surveys 7 conduct$ "u ! sup]vision ( ! foll[+3 ,beav]head ,c\nty--,rev4 ,*>les ,t4 ,gre5way1 ,/ate ,survey ,sup]visor ( ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t = ,montana4 ,! ,c\nty ,lead] 0 ,rev4 ,?omas ,w4 ,b5nett4 ,hughes ,c\nty--,mr4 ,c4 ,o4 ,bemies1 ,/ate ,survey ,sup]visor ( ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t = ,s\? ,dakota4 ,! ,c\nty ,survey ,lead] 0 ,rev4 ,h4 ,h4 ,gund]son4 ,%]idan ,c\nty--,mr4 ,a4 ,g4 ,ald]man1 ,/ate ,survey ,sup]visor ( ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t = ,wyom+ & ,utah4 ,! ,c\nty ,survey ,lead] 0 ,rev4 ,m4 ,de,witt ,long1 ,d4,d4 ,union ,c\nty--,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,mills1 ,/ate ,survey ,sup]visor ( ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t = ,new ,mexico4 ,! ,c\nty ,survey ,lead] 0 ,pr(essor ,a4 ,l4 ,engl&4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aiba ! field work]1 ,miss ,hel5 ,belknap1 ( ! ,committee on ,social & ,religi\s ,surveys1 visit$ ^! c\nties1 v]ifi$ ! results ( ! survey "w previ\sly done1 & secur$ additional in=mation n includ$ 9 ! orig9al /udy4 ,special ackn[l$gm5t %\ld be made to ! m9i/]s1 c\nty (fic]s & o!rs 9 ^! c\nties = _! helpful cooep]ation & assi/ance 9 ! successful completion ( ! survey4 ,! /ati/ical & graphical editor ( ?is volume 0 ,mr4 ,a4 ,h4 ,ri*>dson ( ! ,*ief ,/ati/ician's ,division ( ! ,am]ican ,telephone & ,telegraph ,company1 =m]ly connect$ ) ! ,russell ,sage ,f\ndation4 ,! te*nical advisor 0 ,mr4 ,h4 ,n4 ,morse ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,bo>d ( ,home ,missions1 :o 0 also associate director ( ! ,t[n & ,c\ntry ,survey 9 ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t4 ,valuable help 0 giv5 by ! ,home ,missions ,c\ncil2 by ! ,c\ncil ( ,wom5 = ,home ,missions ?r\gh _! sub-,committee on ,t[n & ,c\ntry1 & by a ,committee appo9t$ jo9tly by ! ,home ,missions ,c\ncil & ! ,f$]al ,c\ncil ( ,*ur*es = ! purpose ( cooep]at+ ) ! ,committee on ,social & ,religi\s ,surveys 9 endeavor+ to translate ! results ( ! survey into action4 ,! memb]s ( ?is ,jo9t ,committee on ,utiliz+ ,surveys are3 ,repres5t+ ! ,f$]al ,c\ncil ( ,*ur*es ,anna ,cl>k ,c4 ,n4 ,la?rop ,roy ,b4 ,guild ,u4 ,l4 ,mackey ,a4 ,e4 ,holt ,a4 ,e4 ,rob]ts ,f4 ,erne/ ,johnson ,fr$ ,b4 ,smi? ,*>les ,e4 ,s*aeff] ,repres5t+ ! ,home ,missions ,c\ncil & ! ,c\ncil ( ,wom5 = ,home ,missions ,l4 ,c4 ,b>nes1 ,*airman ,rodney ,w4 ,r\ndy1 ,secret>y ,alfr$ ,w4 ,an?ony ,rolvix ,h>lan ,mrs4 ,fr$ ,s4 ,b5nett ,r4 ,a4 ,hut*ison ,c4 ,a4 ,brooks ,flor5ce ,e4 ,qu9lan ,c4 ,e4 ,burton ,w4 ,p4 ,%riv] ,a4 ,e4 ,cory ,paul ,l4 ,vogt ,david ,d4 ,=sy? ,w>r5 ,h4 ,wilson ,,introduction ,,! ,,po9t ,,( ,,view ,?is book is a /udy ( ! "w ( ,prote/ant city1 t[n & c\ntry *ur*es 9 f\r c\nties on ! ,range4 ,x discusses ! effect on ! ,*ur* ( ! *ang+ conditions 9 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9 ,/ates1 & ! task ( ! ,*ur* 9 m9i/]+ to ! situation :i* exi/s to-day4 ,?is survey1 !re=e1 does n attempt to deal directly ) ! spiritual effect ( any *ur* ^u ! life ( individuals or gr\ps4 ,su* results are n measurable by ! foot rule ( /ati/ics or by survey me?ods4 ,x is possible1 h[ev]1 to weigh ! concrete accompli%m5ts ( *ur*es4 ,^! actual a*ievem5ts are _! fruits & by _! fruits ye %all "k !m4 ,! f\r c\nties /udi$ 9 ?is book are ,beav]head 9 ,montana1 ,%]idan 9 ,wyom+1 ,union 9 ,new ,mexico & ,hughes 9 ,s\? ,dakota4 ,_m consid]ations ent]$ into _! *oice4 ,= "o ?+1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ?is book1 :ile complete 9 itself1 is also "p ( a l>g] :ole4 ,f among ! "o ?\s& c\nty surveys complet$ or ne>ly complet$ by ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t1 tw5ty-six ( ^? made 9 ! n9e mo/ repres5tative rural regions ( ,am]ica 7 select$ = int5sive /udy4 ,9 ?is way x 0 hop$ to obta9 a bird's-eye view ( ! religi\s situation z x exi/s 9 ! m rural areas ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,all ! c\nties select$ 7 *os5 ) ! idea t !y 7 fair specim5s ( :at 0 to be f\nd ?r\gh\t ! area ( :i* !y are a "p4 ,9 select+ ! c\nties an ef=t 0 made to discov] ^? :i* 7 typical1 n m]ely f a /ati/ical viewpo9t1 b also f ! social & religi\s problems !y repres5t$4 ,= example1 ! f\r c\nties describ$ 9 ?is pamphlet 7 *os5 because !y are repres5tative ( l>ge sections ?r\gh\t ! ,range area4 ,x is recogniz$ t !re are reasons :y exception may be tak5 to ! *oice ( c\nties4 ,no area is completely typical ( e situation4 ,a c>eful /udy ( ^! c\nties1 h[ev]1 leads to ! conclusion t !y are fair specim5s ( ! region !y are int5d$ to repres5t4 ,all ^! /udies h be5 made f ! po9t ( view ( ! ,*ur*1 recogniz+1 h[ev]1 t social & economic conditions affect its life4 ,= in/ance1 x is evid5t t v>i\s racial gr\ps influ5ce *ur* life diff]5tly4 ,g]mans & ,sw$es usually favor liturgical d5om9ations2 ! ,scot* incl9e to ! non-liturgical4 ,aga91 if !re is economic pressure & heavy debt1 ! ,*ur* faces spiritual h&icaps1 & ne$s a peculi> type ( m9i/ry4 ,because ( ! importance ( social & economic factors 9 ! life ( ! ,*ur* ! op5+ *apt]s ( ?is book are occupi$ ) a description ( ^! factors4 ,at fir/ glance "s ( ^! facts may appe> irrelevant1 b ^u clos] obs]vation !y w be f\nd to h a be>+ ^u ! ma9 !me--! problem ( ! ,*ur*4 ,naturally ! greate/ am\nt ( "t & /udy has be5 devot$ to ! *ur*es !mselves2 _! hi/ory1 equipm5t & f9ances2 _! memb]s1 s]vices & *ur* organizations2 _! ,sunday s*ools1 "y p's societies & community programs1 h all be5 c>efully inve/igat$ & evaluat$4 ,int5sive inve/igation has be5 limit$ to ! di/9ctly rural areas & to ^? c5t]s ( population :i* h less ?an five ?\s& inhabitants4 ,9 ! case ( t[ns l>g] ?an ?is an ef=t has be5 made to measure ! s]vice ( su* t[ns to ! surr\nd+ c\ntryside1 b n to /udy ea* *ur* & community 9 detail4 ,! mat]ial 9 ?is book pres5ts a composite picture ( ! religi\s conditions )9 ^! f\r c\nties4 ,c]ta9 major problems1 :i* 7 f\nd ) m or less frequ5cy 9 all f\r c\nties1 are discuss$1 & all available in=mation f any ( ! c\nties has be5 utiliz$4 ,! op5+ pages ( ! book1 h[ev]1 summ>ize ! conditions )9 ea* c\nty4 ,:ile ?is me?od has obvi\s drawbacks x is felt t ! advantages outweigh !m1 & t ?is treatm5t is ! be/ suit$ to br+ out ! peculi> conditions exi/+ ?r\gh\t ?is area4 ,! app5dices pres5t ! me?odology ( ! survey & ! def9itions employ$4 ,!y also include 9 tabul> =m ! major facts ( ea* c\nty z reveal$ by ! inve/igation4 ,^! app5dices are int5d$ especially to meet ! ne$s ( *ur* executives & /ud5ts ( sociology :o desire to c>ry inve/igation fur!r ?an is possible 9 ! type ( pres5tation us$ = ! ma9 portion ( ! book4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i ,,! ,,range ,,c\ntry #ai ,,ii ,,economic ,,& ,,social ,,t5d5cies #dj ,,iii ,,:at ,,( ,,! ,,*ur*8 #ef ,,iv ,,! ,,*ur* ,,doll> #ga ,v ,,to ,,measure ,,*ur* ,,effectiv5ess #gg ,,vi ,,! ,,prea*]s' ,,go+s ,,& ,,com+s #ij ,,vii ,,negro ,,& ,,indian ,,"w #if ,,viii ,,non-,,prote/ant ,,"w #ih ,,ix ,,see+ ,,x ,,:ole #ajb ,,app5dices ,i ,,me?odology ,,& ,,def9itions #aba ,,ii ,,tables #abe ,,illu/rations1 ,,maps ,,& ,,*>ts ,,illu/rations ,,big ,,hole ,,riv]1 ,,montana ,frontispiece ,,page4 ,,! ,,t[n ,,lock-,,up #bc ,,lonel9ess ,,9 ,,union ,,c\nty #be ,,aft] ,,"s ,,ye>s #be ,,two ,,community ,,c5t]s #bg ,a ,,spani%-,,am]ican ,,type ,,& ,a ,,typical ,,adobe ,,h\se ,,9 ,,new ,,mexico #ca ,,:]e ,,ma9 ,,/reet ,,might ,,h ,,run #cc ,a ,,wyom+ ,,ran* #ce ,a ,,montana ,,m9+ ,,camp #cf ,,:5 ,,oil ,,is ,,f\nd #cg ,a ,,f>m ,,bureau ,,demon/ration #da ,a ,,home ,,demon/ration ,,ag5t #db ,a ,,truck ,,f>m ,,9 ,,hughes ,,c\nty #dd ,,fruits ,,( ,,! ,,e>? #de ,,up-,,to-,,date ,,reap+ ,,on ,,! ,,pla9s #dg ,,wisdom ,,is ,,ju/ifi$ #di ,,camp+ ,,9 ,,%]idan ,,c\nty #ea ,a ,,fronti] ,,celebration #ec ,a ,,voice ,,9 ,,! ,,wild]ness #eg ,,no ,,room ,,= ,,bo? #eh ,,episcopal ,,*ur* ,,& ,,p>i% ,,h\se #fd ,a ,,neglect$ ,,outpo/ ,,( ,,*ri/ianity #ge ,,n ,a ,,/ore ,,b ,a ,,*ur* #gh ,a ,,case ,,( ,c,o,oe,p,e,r,a,t,i,o,n #hj ,,happy ,,little ,,picnick]s #he ,a ,,good ,,"t ,,0 ,,_h ,,by ,,all #he ,,program ,,( ,a ,,community ,,rally #hh ,a ,,p>sonage ,,b ,,no ,,*ur* #id ,,an ,,oasis ,,9 ,,! ,,des]t #ih ,,wat]+ ,,h] ,,g>d5 #ajc ,a ,,community ,,r5dezv\s #ajd ,,m>y1 ,,call ,,! ,,cattle ,,home6 #ajf ,,wait+ ,,at ,,! ,,*ur* #ajg ,,hitt+ ,,! ,,trail #ajh ,,! ,,family ,,mansion #aaj ,a ,,real ,,community ,,h\se #aad ,a ,,*ur* ,,t ,,s]ves ,,! ,,community #aae ,,maps ,,montana ,,& ,,wyom+ #bj ,,s\? ,,dakota ,,& ,,new ,,mexico #bb ,,*ur* ,,& ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,hughes ,,c\nty1 ,,s\? ,,dakota #ed-ee ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,%]idan ,,c\nty1 ,,wyom+ #ei ,,map ,,%[+ ,,*ur*es ,,& ,,p>i% ,,b\nd>ies ,,( ,,%]idan ,,c\nty #ei ,,*ur* ,,& ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,beav]head ,,c\nty #fj ,,map ,,%[+ ,,*ur*es ,,& ,,p>i% ,,b\nd>ies ,,( ,,union ,,c\nty1 ,,new ,,mexico #fa ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,union ,,c\nty1 ,,new ,,mexico #fb ,,roman ,,ca?olic ,,*ur*es ,,& ,,p>i%es1 ,,union ,,c\nty1 ,,new ,,mexico #ii ,,*>ts ,i ,,analysis ,,( ,,prote/ant ,,*ur* ,,memb]s #ff ,,ii ,,*ur*es ,,ga9+ ,,9 ,,memb]%ip #fg ,,iii ,,active ,,*ur* ,,memb]%ip #fi ,,iv ,,*ur*es ,,) ,,less ,,?an #ej ,,memb]s #fi ,v ,,relation ,,( ,,size ,,( ,,*ur* ,,memb]%ip ,,to ,,ga9 #gj ,,vi ,,! ,,*ur* ,,doll> #gb ,,vii ,,frequ5cy ,,( ,,*ur* ,,s]vices #gi ,,viii ,,numb] ,,( ,,pa/ors ,,dur+ ,,pa/ ,,t5 ,,ye>s #ia ,,ix ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,! ,,m9i/]s #ic ,,! ,,*ur* ,,on ,,! ,,*ang+ ,,fronti] ,,*apt] ,i ,! ,range ,c\ntry ,a va/ expanse ( endlessly /ret*+ pla9s1 dun-color$ table-l&s1 my/]i\s buttes aga9/ a f> horizon1 & always ! trem5d\s1 almo/ incr$ible di/ances--?is is ! typical ,range c\ntry4 ,!re are a sweep to x & a bread?1 & su* heav5s ov] ! e>?6 ,9 ! ,ea/1 unless "s crimson sunset attracts indiff]5t eyes1 ! sky makes less ( ! picture ?an ! e>?4 ,b ?is is sky c\ntry4 ,r\ghly1 ! ,range area comprises ! /ates betwe5 ! ,middle ,we/ & ! ,f> ,we/1 & includes a wide v>iety ( l&scape4 ,conta9$ 9 ?is picturesque area are eight /ates ) p>ts ( o!rs1 a million squ>e miles ov] :i* are spread f\r million p ab\t a ?ird less ?an are cr[d$ into ,new ,york ,city4 ,! f\r c\nties "h /udi$1 ea* 9 a diff]5t /ate1 provide fair samples ( a great deal ( ! c\ntry4 ,beav]head ,c\nty1 9 ,montana1 & ,%]idan ,c\nty1 9 ,wyom+1 are n f> di/ant "o f ! o!r4 ,bo? are p>tly m\nta9\s1 rugg$ 9 cont\r1 ) wide valleys rimm$ by m\nta9s1 & miles ( undulat+ range l& & l[-ly+ hills trac$ by riv]s4 ,?is is ! c\ntry :]e ! smoke goes /raight up & ! lat*-/r+ /ill hangs on ! outside ( ! old-tim]'s cab91 :]e /ill ! sage-h5 clucks to h] "y at ! wat]-hole 9 ! c\lee 444 ) lazy grace1 ! eagle sw+s to 8 ne/ 9 ! l(ty p9nacle & ! prairie dog /&s at 8 door & *att]s4 ,beav]head is 9 ! extreme s\?we/]n corn] ( ,montana1 slightly nor?we/ ( ,yell[/one ,p>k & /raight s\? f ,butte4 ,x is b\nd$ by ,rocky ,m\nta9 ranges on ! we/1 s\? & nor?we/4 ,on ! s\? & we/ x faces ! ,/ate ( ,idaho4 ,! c\nty is well dra9$ & wat]$ by ! two pr9cipal riv]s1 ! ,big ,hole & ,beav]head1 & by _! tribut>ies1 & "h1 too1 ! ,miss\ri ,riv] has its s\rce4 ,beav]head ,c\nty embraces #e1feg squ>e miles or #c1fbj1dhj acres4 ,( ?is area1 #a1cfe1jjj acres are includ$ 9 ! ,beav]head ,national ,=e/ ,res]ve scatt]$ ov] ! nor?1 we/ & s\!rn p>ts ( ! c\nty4 ,a small "p ( ! ,madison ,national ,=e/ also ext5ds into ! c\nty on ! we/4 ,! altitude at ,monida1 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ! c\nty1 is ab\t #f1ejj feet above sea level4 ,illu/ration3 ,,montana ,,& ,,wyom+ ,locat+ ,beav]head & ,%]idan ,c\nties4 ,! ,wyom+ c\nty1 ,%]idan1 lies 9 ! extreme nor? c5tral section ( ! /ate1 ab\t #aaj miles ea/ ( ,yell[/one ,p>k1 ,montana =m+ its nor!rn b\nd>y4 ,%]idan is ab\t #ajj miles long & ?irty miles wide1 ! total area be+ #b1egd squ>e miles1 or #a1fdg1cfj acres1 less ?an half ! area ( ! ,montana c\nty1 ,beav]head4 ,! ,big ,horn ,=e/ ,res]ve cov]s #chc1dic acres ( ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,riv]s & creeks are num]\s1 ! *ief ones be+ ,tongue ,riv]1 ,p[d] ,riv] & ,big ,goose1 ,prairie ,dog & ,cle> ,creeks4 ,! city ( ,%]idan1 ! c\nty seat1 has an altitude ( #c1gcg feet above sea level4 ,! o!r two c\nties1 ,union 9 ,new ,mexico & ,hughes 9 ,s\? ,dakota1 consi/ l>gely ( pla9 l&s4 ,union lies 9 ! nor!a/]n corn] ( ! /ate ( ,new ,mexico1 ) ?ree /ates1 ,colorado1 ,oklahoma & ,texas1 to ! nor? & ea/ ( h]4 ,union includ$ #e1cgj squ>e miles1 or #c1dcf1hjj acres1 at ! "t ?is survey 0 made4 ,ab\t "o-six? ( ! s\?we/]n "p ( ,union ,c\nty has1 h[ev]1 be5 add$ to "p ( ,mora ,c\nty1 to ! s\?we/1 to =m a new c\nty nam$ ,h>d+ :i* 0 =mally inaugurat$ on ,june #ad?1 #aiba4 ,! l& consi/s ma9ly ( dry1 level pla9s & mesas1 al?\gh !re are "s m\nta9s & isolat$ hills or buttes4 ,aside f ! m\nta9\s area1 :i* is wood$1 !re are sc>cely any trees ) ! exception ( a few along ! l>g] creeks & ^? cultivat$ ar\nd ran* h\ses4 ,! nor?we/]n corn] ( ! c\nty is ! mo/ m\nta9\s4 ,! c\nty is dra9$ *iefly by ,ute ,creek1 fl[+ s\!a/ ?r\gh ! we/]n & s\?we/]n sections into ! ,canadian ,riv]1 & 9 ! nor!rn "p by ! beautiful ,cim>ron4 ,!re are a numb] ( small /reams1 b _m are dry dur+ a l>ge "p ( ! ye>4 ,union has exhil>at+1 brac+ air & radiant sun%9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s\? ,,dakota ,,& ,,new ,,mexico ,locat+ ,hughes & ,union ,c\nties4 ,hughes is a small c\nty almo/ exactly 9 ! c5t] ( ! ,/ate ( ,s\? ,dakota4 ,x has ! %ape ( a "r-angl$ triangle ) ! ,miss\ri ,riv] =m+ its hypo!nuse f ! nor?we/ to ! s\!a/ corn]4 ,x cov]s #dhe1gfj acres ( high & roll+ prairie1 ) riv] & creek bluffs & bottom l&s4 ,sev]al creeks & small riv]s fl[ directly ?r\gh ,hughes1 & x is on ! :ole "o ( ! be/-wat]$ c\nties 9 ,s\? ,dakota4 ,pi]re1 ! c\nty seat1 is ! capital ( ! /ate4 ,e>ly ,days on ! ,fronti] ,! /ory ( ^! c\nties is b\nd up ) ! discov]y & subsequ5t hi/ory ( ! ,we/4 ,x is1 z ,viola ,p>adise says1 ! /ory ( ,indians & e>ly explor]s2 ( hunt]s & fur trad]s 9 ! days n s v long ago :5 ! bison rang$ ! prairies2 !n ( a few ran*m51 scatt]$ at great di/ances2 ( great h]ds ( cattle & %eep1 succe$+ ! wild buffaloes2 & ( ! fam\s c[boy2 !n ( ! com+ ( ! dry f>m] ) 8 hat$ f5ces2 & ( ! cr[d+ out ( ! op5 range cattlem5 & ! sub/itution ( ! home/ead]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,t[n ,,lock-,,up ,?is primitive jail at ,bannock1 once *os5 z ! capital ( ,montana1 has held "s r\gh *>act]s 9 its "t1 b is n[ ab&on$4 ,x 0 at ,two ,=ks1 9 ,beav]head ,c\nty1 ne> :at is n[ ! village ( ,arm/ead1 t ,lewis & ,cl>k1 at a critical po9t 9 _! exp$ition1 7 met & befri5d$ by ! ,%o%ones1 ! tribe ( _! ,indian girl guide1 ,sacajawea4#b ,?is 0 on ,augu/ #ag1 #ahje4 ,:ite fur trad]s soon foll[$ 9 ! track ( ?is fam\s exp$ition1 & aft] !m came ,jason & ,sidney ,lee1 9 #ahcd1 ! fir/ mission>ies to rea* ,montana4 ,! next l&m>k 9 ! c\nty's hi/ory is ! gold /rike on ,gras%opp] ,creek1 9 #ahfb4 ,news ( ! f9d spread l wild-fire4 ,m9]s ru%$ to ! creek & set up _! t5ts1 %acks & log cab9s4 ,unlike ,rome1 ?is fir/ t[n ( ,montana1 call$ ,bannock1 0 built 9 a s+le night4 ,soon aft] ! gold seek]s _h settl$ d[n to "w 9 e>ne/1 ! road ag5ts1 a well-organiz$ gang ( r\ghs f all ov] ! ,we/1 began to rob ! /age-coa*es travell+ betwe5 ,bannock & ,virg9ia ,city4 ,innoc5t 0 _! pass-^w2 mu/a*es1 be>ds & neckties ti$ ) a sailor's knot1 _! sign ( memb]%ip4 ,aft] a succession ( m9]s1 homew>d b\nd ) _! gold-du/1 _h dropp$ f sight1 nev] to be he>d ( aga91 ^? :o rema9$ decid$ to elect a %]iff4 ,_! *oice fell ^u a c]ta9 ,h5ry ,plumm]1 :o 0 also %]iff ( ,virg9ia ,city4 ,plumm]1 h[ev]1 nev] seem$ to arre/ ! "r man1 a circum/ance :i* 0 expla9$ lat] :5 x 0 discov]$ t he 0 ! *ief ( ! gang ( road ag5ts4 ,! fun]al ( a m9] :o _h di$ ( m\nta9 fev]1 ! fir/ man = "s "t to die f a natural cause1 gave ! community ! opportunity to organize secretly ! ,vigilantes1 & f9ally to r\nd up ! road ag5ts1 ei!r hang+ !m or giv+ !m w>n+ to leave ! c\ntry4 ,montana 0 e/abli%$ z a t]ritory 9 #ahfd1 ,bannock becom+ ! fir/ capital1 & 9 ! sane ye> ! fir/ c\nty seat ( ,beav]head ,c\nty4 ,! capital 0 remov$ to ,virg9ia ,city 9 #ahfe1 b n until #ahhb did ,dillon become ! c\nty seat4 ,! b\nd>ies ( ,beav]head *ang$ v little until #aiaa1 :5 #ich squ>e miles ( ,madison ,c\nty1 #fjj1cbj acres 9 all1 7 annex$4 ,m5 began settl+ on ! l& we/ ( ,bannock z e>ly z #ahfb2 /ock m5 ma9ly ) h]ds4 ,a few f>m]s also began to take up *oice bits ( l& along ! riv]s4 ,! railroad1 !n ! ,utah ,nor!rn1 ent]$ f ! s\? 9 #ahgi4 ,z x 0 be+ built1 t5t t[ns 7 e/abli%$ e fifty miles4 ,"o ( ^! t[ns 0 nev] mov$ & grew into ! pres5t t[n ( ,dillon4 ,! fir/ attempt to op5 up to ! :ite man ! l& along ! ,p[d] & ,l[] ,tongue ,riv]s1 9 :at is n[ ,%]idan ,c\nty1 0 made by ,g5]al ,patrick ,e4 ,conn] on ,augu/ #bi1 #ahfe1 & 0 em95tly successful4 ,he attack$ ! ,arapahoe ,indians ) a =ce ( #bej regul> soldi]s & successfully r\t$ sev5 hundr$ w>riors4 ,! next ef=t end$1 h[ev]1 9 disa/]4 ,on ! tw5ty-fir/ day ( ,decemb]1 #ahff1 at a po9t on ,%]idan's s\!rn b\nd>y n[ kn[n z ,massacre ,hill1 eighty-two (fic]s & m5 sacrific$ _! lives to ! ho/ile ,si\x & ,*ey5nes 9 attempt+ to op5 a road across ! c\ntry f ,=t ,l>amie to ,montana4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lonel9ess ,,9 ,,union ,,c\nty ,! black spot 9 ! c5t] ( ?is n v attractive picture is a squatt]'s hut4 ,illu/ration3 ,,aft] ,,"s ,,ye>s ,9 contra/ ) ! top picture is ?is "o ( an attractive f>mh\se :i* %[s :at c be done on ! pla9s ( ,new ,mexico4 ,! fir/ claim ev] tak5 up 9 ?is region 0 9 #ahgh1 on ,little ,goose ,creek1 ne> ,big ,horn1 & ! fir/ irrigation dit* 0 con/ruct$ ! next ye>4 ,big ,horn 0 laid out 9 #ahhj1 & ! fir/ /ore op5$4 ,! fir/ newspap] 9 ! c\nty 0 ! ,big ,horn ,s5t9el1 & ! fir/ agricultural fair 0 held 9 ,big ,horn 9 #ahhe4 ,! fir/ cab9 0 built on ! pres5t site ( ,%]idan ,city 9 #ahgh4 ,%]idan 0 laid out 9 #ahhb & incorporat$ z a city 9 #ahhd4 ,until #ahha1 ! t]ritory conta9$ 9 ,johnson & ,%]idan ,c\nties 0 unorganiz$ & _h no c\nty gov]nm5t1 b lay )9 ! jurisdiction ( ,c>bon ,c\nty c\rts4 ,x became ,johnson ,c\nty 9 #ahha4 ,9 #ahhg x 0 divid$ by popul> vote1 ! nor!rn portion be+ nam$ ,%]idan ,c\nty 9 memory ( ! gallant ,g5]al ,phil ,%]idan1 ^: army1 9 ! #ahha exp$ition1 camp$ on ! site ( ,%]idan ,city4 ,union ,c\nty1 9 c5turies pa/ ! camp+ gr\nds ( vani%$ tribes1 is n[ :ite man's c\ntry1 b x did n become s until ! ,santa ,fe trail op5$ ! great ,s\?we/4 ,) ! ,rabbit ,e> ,m\nta9s to guide settl]s ! old trail came across ,union ,c\nty1 untravell$ until #ahbb1 & f9ally1 two ye>s lat]1 ! fir/ wagons crept sl[ly we/w>d1 fac+ 9 t pione] mood n[ become hi/oric ! h>d%ips ( climate & ! p]ils ( ho/ile r$sk9s4 ,9 ,union ,c\nty ! /ory survives ( a massacre by ,indians1 :i* acc\nts = ! t>dy :ite settlem5ts 9 ?is region4 ,9 #ahgj1 !re 7 ab\t a doz5 homes ( :ite settl]s 9 ! :ole area4 ,! railroad1 9 #ahhg-hh1 enc\rag$ developm5t :i* began ) ,clayton a ye> lat]4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahic1 ! ,t]ritorial ,legislature incorporat$ into ,union ,c\nty p>ts ( ,colfax1 ,mora & ,san ,miguel4 ,! orig9al b\nd>ies ( ,union ,c\nty 7 n *ang$ until #aijc1 :5 #bfe squ>e miles 7 add$ to ,quay ,c\nty4 ,beg9n+ 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! c\nty & gradually work+ s\?w>ds1 /ockm5 took up claims close to wat] & us$ public l& = graz+4 ,up to ab\t #aijj1 mo/ ( ! t]ritory rema9$ op5 range l& 9 :i* cattle 7 rais$ on a l>ge scale1 b s9ce t "t1 x has gradually be5 home/ead$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,community ,,c5t]s ,! local /ore & ! s*ool ( ,de ,grey community1 ,hughes ,c\nty1 ,s4 ,d41 ! only meet+ places = widely scatt]$ neighbors4 ,! section ar\nd ,pi]re1 9 ,hughes ,c\nty1 0 ! olde/ settlem5t 9 ! ,/ate ( ,s\? ,dakota4 ,=t ,pi]re1 across ! riv] f ,pi]re1 0 e/abli%$ 9 #ahag1 & !re 0 cont9u\s settlem5t aft] t4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! ,r$ ,cl\d ,w> ( #ahff-fh1 ! ,l>amie ,treaty ) ! ,si\x ,indians e/abli%$ a great ,si\x res]vation embrac+ all ! l& we/ ( ,miss\ri1 f ! ,niobr>a ,riv] on ! s\? to ! ,cannon ,ball ,riv] on ! nor? & nor?we/1 to ! ,yell[/one4 ,?is res]vation lay unbrok5 until #ahgf1 ! ye> :5 ! ,indians surr5d]$ ! ,black ,hills4 ,:5 ! gold ru% to ! ,black ,hills began1 ,=t ,pi]re 0 ! ne>e/ settl$ po9t & ! traffic c5t]4 ,because ! railroad _h no "r ( way ?r\gh ! res]vation1 ! l9e c\ld n be ext5d$ to ! ,black ,hills4 ,! fir/ p]man5t ,am]ican settlem5t 9 ,hughes ,c\nty 0 made 9 #ahgc1 :5 ,?omas ,l4 ,riggs e/abli%$ ! ,congregational ,indian ,mission at ,oahe1 :]e he /ill cont9ues a *ur*4 ,:5 ! railway rea*$ ,pi]re 9 #ahha1 !re came ! fir/ boom 9 ! hi/ory ( ! c\nty4 ,all sorts & conditions ( p took up half sections1 & ,hughes ,c\nty 0 almo/ home/ead$ betwe5 ! ye>s #ahha & #ahhc4 ,! second boom came 9 ! ye>s #ahii-ia1 lat] foll[$ by a reaction & slump4 ,ab\t ! ye> #aijc1 ,pi]re 0 select$ z ! ,/ate capital4 ,all sorts ( ef=ts 7 made to /eal ! honor = "s o!r t[n until 9 #aije a bill provid$ = a capitol build+ at ,pi]re :i* 0 complet$ 9 #aiac4 ,! railway began 9 #aijf to ext5d to ! ,black ,hills4 ,!reaft]1 until #aiaj1 all ! region we/ ( ,miss\ri 0 settl$1 & practically all ( ^! new settl]s came ?r\gh ,pi]re4 ,9 #aiaa ! con/ruction 0 f9i%$1 p 7 out ( "w1 & !re came ano!r slump4 ,!re 0 also a dr\ght dur+ ! p]iod #aiaa-ab-ac4 ,transportation & ,roads ,!re is practically no competition betwe5 railroads 9 any ( ^! c\nties4 ,ea* has "o ma9 l9e runn+ ?r\gh x1 along :i* are locat$ ! c\nty seat & o!r small] c5t]s4 ,beav]head has ! ,oregon ,%ort ,l9e2 ,%]idan ! ,*icago1 ,burl+ton ,qu9cy2 ,hughes ! ,*icago ,nor?we/]n2 & ,union ! ,colorado ,s\!rn4 ,?ree c\nties also h small sections ( bran* l9es1 & ,%]idan has twelve miles ( trolley l9e giv+ city s]vice1 & rea*+ all b "o ( ! m9+ camps to ! nor? ( ,%]idan ,city4 ,none ( ^! c\nties has really adequate tra9 s]vice4 ,! di/ance f m>kets ?us becomes an acute problem 9 c]ta9 p>ts ( all f\r c\nties1 b especially 9 ,beav]head1 ,%]idan & ,union on acc\nt ( _! great] di/ances4 ,ea* c\nty has at lea/ "o good /ret* ( road4 ,a l>ge proportion ( ! crossroads h nev] be5 improv$4 ,_m ( !m are only trails4 ,beav]head has #b1cfe miles ( roads1 ( :i* #a1ejj miles are improv$ & #hfe are unimprov$4 ,approximately #bgh1adg4jj has be5 sp5t on roads 9 ! la/ five ye>s4 ,! comb9$ l5g? ( public roads 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty is #gif miles4 ,five miles are h>d-surfac$1 five are r$ %ale1 sev5te5 are gravel1 #aej are ,/ate ,highway & #daj are legally e/abli%$ travel$ roads1 sixty-six feet wide & dragg$ :5 necess>y4 ,!re are also #bjj miles ( unimprov$ roads kn[n z fe$]s4 ,dur+ ! la/ five ye>s1 approximately #caj1jjj4jj has be5 sp5t on c\nty roads1 n includ+ ! am\nt sp5t on ,/ate roads4 ,bo? ,%]idan & ,beav]head are =tunate 9 _! location on highways lead+ to ,yell[/one ,p>k2 ,beav]head is on ! ,we/]n ,p>k-to-,p>k highway1 & ,%]idan is on ! ,cu/] ,battlefield highway4 ,dur+ ! pa/ f\r ye>s roads 9 ,union ,c\nty h improv$4 ,! ,colorado to ,gulf highway f ,galve/on to ,d5v]1 ent]s ! c\nty at ,texl9e & cont9ues = sev5ty-five miles to ! ,colfax ,c\nty l9e nor?we/ ( ,des ,mo9es4 ,?is is grad$ road & x is ma9ta9$ p>tly by ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 :i* pays #ej p] c5t41 & p>tly by ! ,/ate & c\nty :i* pay #be p] c5t4 ea*4 ,!re are #ahj miles ( ,/ate highways 9 ! c\nty = :i* ! ,/ate & c\nty ea* pay #ej p] c5t4 ,two ,f$]al ,aid projects are also "u way 9 ! c\nty at pres5t4 ,some?+ ov] #fej miles ( roads are ma9ta9$ by ! c\nty1 & !re are ab\t #b1jjj miles ( community roads :i* are dep5d5t ^u local c>e4 ,! total road mileage ( ,hughes ,c\nty is #igh1 ) no h>d-surfac$ b ) f\r miles ( gravel roads1 & #age miles ( o!r improv$ roads4 ,!re are also #gii miles ( unimprov$ road4 ,=ty-five miles ( highway h be5 built by ! ,/ate betwe5 ,pi]re & ,h>rold & are ma9ta9$ by ! c\nty4 ,! ,p ,all ^! c\nties 7 settl$ *iefly by home/ead]s :o came f all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b *iefly f ! ,middle ,we/ & ,s\?we/4 ,miss\ri1 ,nebraska1 ,i[a1 ,kansas1 ,texas & ,oklahoma are ! /ates mo/ widely repres5t$4 ,a great _m are *ildr5 ( orig9al home/ead]s4 ,! brea?less ha/e ) :i* settl]s occupi$ & develop$ ?is great primeval region ( ! ,we/1 ri* 9 natural res\rces1 is %[n by ! foll[+ figures ( population3 ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union #ahgj #gbb #ahhj #b1gab #bfb #ahij #d1fee #e1jdd #a1igb #aijj #e1fae #c1fhd #e1abb #d1ebh #aiaj #f1ddd #f1bga #af1cbd #aa1djd #aibj #g1cfi #e1gaa #ah1acb #af1fhj ,! greate/ p]iod ( gr[? = ,beav]head 0 f #ahgj to #ahhj2 = ,hughes f #ahhj to #ahij2 b bo? ,union & ,%]idan made _! l>ge/ increase f #aijj to #aiaj1 :ile ,beav]head dur+ ^? ye>s has made a sl[1 /eady ga94 ,hughes has _h booms1 & has ga9$ & lo/ population 9 succe$+ decades4 ,%]idan & ,union1 ! new] c\nties1 h =g$ rapidly ahead ( ! o!rs 9 population4 ,%]idan1 on acc\nt ( h] city1 has made a rapid urban increase1 b h] rural increase has be5 sl[ & /eady4 ,union is a l>ge c\nty ) no ,=e/ ,res]ve area & has be5 home/ead$ rapidly4 ,al?\gh1 9 #aijc1 #bfe squ>e miles 7 tak5 away f ,union1 ! population 9 #aiaj 0 #aa1djd1 or an increase ( #aea4i p] c5t4 dur+ ! decade f #aijj4 ,! d5sity ( rural population p] squ>e mile 9 ,beav]head is #i4h1 9 ,%]idan #c4e1 9 ,hughes #c4c & 9 ,union #c4 ,! ,we/ has a small] p]c5tage ( =eign-born population ?an ! ,ea/ or ,middle ,we/4 ,9 ?ree ( ! /ates repres5t$1 ,montana1 ,wyom+ & ,s\? ,dakota1 ! p]c5tage ( =eign-born has decreas$ 9 ! la/ decade4 ,9 ,montana1 x decreas$ f #bd4d p] c5t4 to #ag p] c5t42 9 ,wyom+1 f #ah4f p] c5t4 to #ac p] c5t42 & 9 ,s\? ,dakota1 f #ag4b p] c5t4 to #ab4i p] c5t4 ,new ,mexico1 ) ! smalle/ proportion ( =eign-born ( any ( ! f\r /ates1 w5t f #f4i p] c5t4 9 #aiaj to #h p] c5t4 9 #aibj4 ,%]idan1 ) #ae4i p] c5t41 is ! only "o ( ! f\r c\nties /udi$ ^: =eign-born population rema9$ con/ant4 ,9 ,beav]head1 ! proportion fell f #ah4a to #ad1 9 ,hughes f #aa4d to #h4a & 9 ,union f #b4b to #a4g4 ,! total numb] ( =eign-born 9 all f\r c\nties is #d1fgj1 or #i4g p] c5t4 ( ! total numb] ( p4 ,g]mans pr$om9ate 9 ,union1 ,hughes & ,%]idan4 ,9 ,beav]head1 ! pr$om9at+ nationalities are ,danes1 ,sw$es & ,au/rians4 ,! ,new ,am]icans 9 ,beav]head1 ,hughes & ,union are l>gely on ! l&2 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty1 ! majority are 9 ! m9+ camps4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,spani%-,,am]ican ,,type ,,& ,a ,,typical ,,adobe ,,h\se ,,9 ,,new ,,mexico ,less ?an "o hundr$ ,indians are report$ 9 ! comb9$ f\r c\nties1 & ! numb] has be5 dim9i%+ 9 e c\nty except ,union4 ,sixty-n9e ( ! eighty-"o report+ are 9 ,hughes ,c\nty1 a small section ( :i* is includ$ 9 ! ,cr[ ,creek ,indian ,res]vation4 ,b ,hughes _h #afi 9 #aiaj4 ,spani%-,am]icans 9 ,union1 a cross betwe5 ,mexicans & ,pueblo ,indians 7! ,spani>ds br\ght no wom5 ) !m = #djj ye>s71 equal betwe5 "o-f\r? & "o-?ird ( ! total population4 ,!y live *iefly 9 ! s\?-c5tral & s\?we/]n sections ( ! c\nty1 & toge!r ) _! habitations rem9d "o ( picturesque ,mexico4 ,%]idan ,c\nty has ! l>ge/ proportion ( negroes ( any ( ! f\r c\nties--#adg out ( a total ( #bad2 b ^! we/]n /ates 9 g5]al h only a small p]c5tage ( negroes 9 _! population1 v>y+ f #a4f p] c5t 9 ,new ,mexico to #i4g 9 ,wyom+4 ,! ,*9ese & ,japanese 9 ! f\r c\nties numb]1 all told1 less ?an #aej4 ,wide ,spaces & ,few ,p ,c\nty areas ord9>ily gr\p !mselves into s-call$ communities1 :]e individuals %>e common social & economic int]e/s c5t]+ 9 a def9ite locality4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 ) its scatt]$ pione] population1 community gr\p+s are less def9ite & p]man5t ?an 9 ! ,ea/ or ,middle ,we/4 ,"h !y are usually det]m9$ by topography1 & especially by ! riv]s & creeks & ! railroad4 ,along ! railroad are trade c5t]s :i* s]ve ! entire c\nty4 ,! majority ( ^! communities are ( small population & l>ge area1 ) a small trad+ c5t] conta9+ /ores1 hotel1 s*ool1 possibly a *ur* or two & "s h\ses huddl$ toge!r4 ,! c\nty seat l>gely c5tralizes ! life ( ea* c\nty4 ,outside ! trade c5t]s & ! op5 c\ntry area includ$ )9 _! community b\nd>ies1 ! c\nties fall into c]ta9 social gr\p+s4 ,:]e ! l& is good1 & is be+ int5sively develop$1 !re are well-def9$ p]man5t communities4 ,"s h ev5 gr[n /aid & cons]vative4 ,9 o!r sections ! /ory is pa!tically diff]5t4 ,"o lonely family1 a =lorn r[ ( claim %acks along ! horizon1 are all t is left ( a real social life t exi/$ only a few ye>s be=e4 ,a woman /&+ at ! door ( ! only habitation 9 a r\nd ( sky & /ret* ( pla91 tells h[ all ! good neighbors are gone & u left griev+ = ! f9e times we once _h4 ,transi5cy is usual 9 home/ead+ c\ntry1 _m p only rema9+ long en\gh to home/ead _! l&4 ,9 ,beav]head & ,hughes1 :i* h be5 long] home/ead$1 !re is a l>g] proportion ( resid5ts ( m ?an fifte5 ye>s ?an 9 ! o!r two c\nties4 ,b 9 all f\r c\nties1 !re are tempor>y gr\ps ( p ) "s social life at pres5t1 :i* may or may n h significance 9 ! future4 ,on ! :ole1 pres5t developm5t t5ds to be p]man5t because mo/ ( ! desirable l& 9 ,beav]head1 ,%]idan & ,union1 & all ( ! l& 9 ,hughes has long s9ce be5 tak5 up4 ,all community limits are m or less indef9ite4 ,= example1 a ran*] liv+ ne> ! b\nd>y ( two communities may g to two or m c5t]s = trade4 ,& a dance or b>becue w br+ p f any numb] ( ! communities4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:]e ,,ma9 ,,/reet ,,might ,,h ,,run ,! hut ( a lonely home/ead]4 ,c\nty int]e/s t5d to become conc5trat$ 9 increas+ proportion 9 ! c\nty seat4 ,dillon1 ! ,beav]head ,c\nty seat1 is fairly well locat$ 9 ! c5tral ea/]n section4 ,x is consid]$ "o ( ! be/ bus9ess t[ns ( ! /ate1 draw+ trade f e po9t 9 ,idaho4 ,dillon is a retir$ ran*]s' t[n1 cons]vative & weal?y4 ,community _s is n manife/4 ,! old settl]s run ! t[n & are n fri5dly to ! ideas ( o!rs4 ,ev5 a ,comm]cial ,club has f\nd x h>d to survive 9 ,dillon4 ,%]idan ,city1 ! c\nty seat ( ,%]idan ,c\nty1 ) a population ( ab\t #aj1jjj1 is wide-awake & progressive4 ,al?\gh !re are a numb] ( gr[+ indu/ries & x is a division po9t on ! railroad1 ,%]idan is also dep5d5t to a l>ge ext5t ^u f>m+4 ,clayton1 ! c\nty seat ( ,union1 a t[n ) a _s ( boo/1 in=ms travell]s by means ( a bill bo>d t x is ! smalle/ t[n on e>? ) a ,rot>y4 ,clayton's l>ge proportion ( transi5t population is at once typical ( ! fronti] 9 its non*alant _s1 9 its c[boys ) sombr]os1 j+l+ spurs & high-heel$ boots t click along ! pavem5ts2 x typifies ! ,range c\ntry 9 ! canvas-cov]$ wagons1 com+ 9 provid$ ) camp+ outfits & rations to la/ = sev]al days because home is f> away4 ,b all ?is is gradually *ang+1 & ,clayton is becom+ m ( a f>m+ c5t]1 less l ! fronti] & m l ! ,middle ,we/4 ,pi]re1 ! ,hughes ,c\nty seat & ,/ate capital1 is a busy t[n4 ,x has a numb] ( indu/ries & is ! c5t] = an ext5sive f>m+ & /ock-rais+ region1 b ! capitol ov]%ad[s ! re/ ( ! t[n 9 importance4 ,means ( ,livelihood ,cattle 7 once rais$ on a l>ge scale 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,t 0 ! day ( ! c[boy4 ,b ) ! com+ ( ! home/ead] & 8 f5c$ l&1 /ock has _h to be rais$ 9 small] h]ds & m re/rict$ areas4 ,9 ! old days1 !re 0 a great deal ( op5 range l&4 ,mo/ ( ?is has n[ be5 home/ead$4 ,naturally ! ran*] has res5t$ ! /eady appropriation ( 8 free range by ! f>m]4 ,:ile cattle rais+ is /ill ! *ief s\rce ( income1 !re has be5 a /eady ga9 9 ! relative value ( f>m+1 especially s9ce ! introduction ( irrigation & dry-f>m+ me?ods4 ,ab\t half ! f>m l& 9 bo? ,beav]head & ,%]idan is "u irrigation1 & !re is "s irrigat$ l& 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ,union1 b practically no irrigation 9 ,hughes ,c\nty4 ,"s dry f>m+ is c>ri$ on 9 e section ( ea* c\nty4 ,g5]al f>m+ & dairy+ rank next to /ock rais+4 ,hay & =age are ! *ief crops4 ,consid]able f>m l& is fit only = range l& = cattle2 x is too brok5 or dry = crops4 ,dairy+ is comp>atively a new developm5t4 ,=e/ ,res]ve l& 9 ,beav]head & ,%]idan is allott$ to ran*es = cattle range4 ,9 ,beav]head ,national ,=e/1 #aj1ecj acres h be5 home/ead$ & sev5ty-five claims h be5 li/$1 *iefly 9 #afj acre tracts4 ,v little home/ead+ has be5 done 9 ! ,big ,horn ,national ,=e/ because ! entire area is above ! practical range ( f>m crops1 & kill+ fro/s occur e mon? 9 ! ye>4 ,9 ! entire =e/1 only ab\t a doz5 tracts h be5 tak5 "u ! home/ead laws1 av]ag+ a little ov] "o hundr$ acres ea*2 all h be5 ab&on$1 except a few us$ z summ] resorts4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,wyom+ ,,ran* ,! home ( a well-to-d ran*] 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,z is usually ! case 9 fronti] c\ntry1 a l>ge majority ( ! f>ms & ran*es are op]at$ by own]s4 ,s\? ,dakota1 at ! ?re%old ( ! ,we/1 has a l>g] proportion ( t5ancy ?an any ( ! o!r /ates repres5t$4 ,! p]c5tage 9 ,s\? ,dakota is #cd4i p] c5t41 9 ,new ,mexico x is #ab4b p] c5t41 9 ,wyom+ x is #ab4e p] c5t41 & 9 ,montana x is #aa4c p] c5t4 ,9 ,beav]head t5ancy has decreas$ f #aj4b p] c5t4 9 #aiaj to #g4b p] c5t4 9 #aibj4 ,9 ,%]idan1 x has rema9$ ab\t ! same1 #bj4e p] c5t4 9 #aiaj & #bj4d p] c5t4 9 #aibj4 ,hughes has _h a m>k$ increase--f #af4f p] c5t4 9 #aiaj to #cj4i p] c5t4 9 #aibj4 ,t5ancy has increas$ #aa4i p] c5t4 9 ,union dur+ ! pa/ decade4 ,?is has be5 p>tly because s mu* ( ! l& is held by abs5tee own]s :o h prov$ up on ! l&1 mov$ away1 & are wait+ = prop]ty to g up 9 value2 also because on acc\nt ( ! high taxation "s cattlem5 f9d t !y make bett] pr(its by r5t+ in/ead ( own+4 ,beav]head ,c\nty is ri* 9 m9]als1 includ+ gold1 silv]1 copp]1 lead1 ore1 graphite1 coal & build+ /one4 ,comp>atively little m9+ has be5 done s9ce ! w> on acc\nt ( l[ prices4 ,a l>ge am\nt ( coal is produc$ 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,/ret*+ out "o aft] ! o!r 9 a compact s]ies1 !re are six l>ge m9es nor? ( ,%]idan ,city1 set 9 ! mid/ ( an agricultural area & hav+ little relation to ! re/ ( ! c\nty4 ,!re is also a small coal m9e be+ op]at$ at ,arvada 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ! c\nty4 ,a numb] ( f>m]s & ran*m5 are lucky en\gh to h small coal ve9s on _! l&1 & m9e _! own coal ) pick & %ovel4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,montana ,,m9+ ,,camp ,oil is ?\ght to be pres5t 9 bo? ,hughes & ,union1 b v little has be5 done ) its developm5t4 ,!re is "s coal 9 ! m\nta9s 9 ,union1 & build+ /one & deposits ( lime & alum are f\nd 9 "s communities4 ,!re are num]\s gas wells 9 ,hughes ,c\nty4 ,_m ran*es h wells giv+ suffici5t gas = all dome/ic purposes4 ,ea* c\nty has a numb] ( small] indu/ries1 su* z pr9t+ e/abli%m5ts1 lumb] y>ds1 etc4 ,%]idan ,city has sev]al l>ge plants1 includ+ an iron works1 fl\r mill1 sug> beet factory & a brick & tile plant4 ,all ! c\nties b5efit f ! summ] auto-t\ri/ trade4 ,! city & t[ns all h camp+ gr\nds = t\ri/s4 ,%]idan has a t\ri/ build+1 ) a sitt+-room1 fire-place = ra9y days & re/ rooms1 9 h] city p>k4 ,%]idan also has a p>k 9 ! ,big ,horn ,m\nta9s4 ,bo? ,beav]head & ,%]idan h a small numb] ( resorts4 ,%]idan has ?ree ,dude ran*es1 ! l>ge/ ( :i* is ! ,eaton ran*1 e/abli%$ 9 #aijd4 ,! ,"y ,idea ,good s*ool sy/ems h be5 develop$ 9 ! comp>atively %ort "t s9ce ^! c\nties 7 organiz$ & runn+ z active units ( gr\p life4 ,build+s are almo/ all fairly well built4 ,tea*]s receive good sal>ies4 ,( c\rse1 ! s*ools are n[h]e ne> ideal4 ,! isolation & di/ances pres5t s]i\s s*ool problems4 ,small rural s*ools p]si/ :]e di/ances are great4 ,union is ! only c\nty ( ! f\r ) any consolidat$ s*ools4 ,! problem ( sup]vision is great4 ,ea* c\nty has local s*ool di/ricts & a local bo>d ( tru/ees 9 ea*4 ,! c\nty sup]9t5d5t1 a woman 9 ea* c\nty1 has a difficult "t visit+ ! m remote s*ools & does n rea* !m (t54 ,_m roads & trails are practically impassable dur+ ! l>ge/ "p ( ! s*ool ye>4 ,because ( ! isolation x is (t5 difficult to f9d a tea*] or to get a place = h] to live1 :5 "o is secur$4 ,s*ool t]ms v>y f five to n9e mon?s1 ! long] t]ms pr$om9at+4 ,only six communities 9 ! f\r c\nties h active ,p>5ts' & ,tea*]s' associations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:5 ,,oil ,,is ,,f\nd ,! ,snorty ,gobbl] ,project at ,gr5ville1 ,n4 ,m4 ,besides ! two elem5t>y s*ools 9 ,dillon1 us$ z model s*ools by ! ,/ate ,normal :i* is locat$ !re1 ,beav]head ,c\nty has =ty-six elem5t>y s*ools4 ,two ( ^!1 ! s*ools 9 bo? villages1 ,wisdom & ,lima1 (f] "o ye> ( high s*ool4 ,! only f\r-ye> high s*ool 9 ! c\nty1 locat$ at ,dillon1 has sixte5 tea*]s & a /ud5t enrollm5t ( #ahe4 ,! entire s*ool enrollm5t 9 ! c\nty 9 #aibj-ba 0 #b1fga2 ! total numb] ( tea*]s1 #ajj2 ! total co/ ( s*ool ma9t5ance #eaj1jjf4jj4 ,! ,/ate ,normal _h an enrollm5t ( #efa dur+ ! summ] ( #aibj2 #aij 9 ! w9t] ( #aibj-ba & #fbj 9 ! summ] ( #aiba4 ,!re 7 sev5ty-f\r s*ools runn+ 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty 9 #aibj-ba1 n includ+ ! city s*ools4 ,9 addition to ! ,%]idan ,high ,s*ool1 !re are five s*ools 9 ! c\nty (f]+ "s high s*ool tra9+4 ,big ,horn has _h a f\r ye> c\rse1 b ?is ye> 7#aiba-bb7 is s5d+ h] ?ird & f\r? ye> high s*ool pupils to ,%]idan ,city 9 a s*ool bus2 ,dayton (f]s two ye>s ( high s*ool1 & ,ran*e/]1 ,ulm & ,cle>mont ea* h "o ye>4 ,an annual c\nty graduation day is held 9 ! ,%]idan ,high ,s*ool4 ,x is an all-day affair ) a picnic 9 ! p>k 9 ! aft]noon4 ,! total numb] ( pupils 9 rural s*ools 9 #aibj-ba 0 #a1hej1 ! total co/ ( ma9t5ance1 #bfd1fdg4ba4 ,! ,%]idan ,high ,s*ool ) its enrollm5t ( #ebb is ! l>ge/ 9 ! /ate4 ,! total s*ool enrollm5t ( ! c\nty1 includ+ ! five ,%]idan ,city elem5t>y s*ools & ! high s*ool 0 #d1ggb4 ,!re 0 a total ( #agc tea*]s1 ( :i* n9ety-six 7 employ$ 9 ! rural s*ools4 ,a p>o*ial s*ool 9 ,%]idan ,city has an enrollm5t ( ab\t #ahj & f\r tea*]s4 ,! city also has two privately own$ bus9ess colleges ) a total enrollm5t ( #aej4 ,9 ,union ,c\nty1 !re are #ajh elem5t>y s*ools outside ( ,clayton1 ) a total enrollm5t ( #d1ejj & a =ce ( #agj tea*]s4 ,n9e s*ools h "s high s*ool "w4 ,five h a two-ye> c\rse2 two h a f\r-ye> c\rse4 ,sev]al elem5t>y s*ools h be5 consolidat$ )9 ! pa/ few ye>s1 & occupy new build+s to :i* ! *ildr5 liv+ at a di/ance are transport$ 9 motor trucks4 ,besides f\r e>li] issues ( s*ool bonds1 totall+ #gi1jjj1 ! p h vot$1 9 ?is ye> ( h>d times1 an additional issue ( #hh1jjj4 ,clayton has f\r elem5t>y s*ools ) sev5te5 tea*]s & an enrollm5t ( #gbc4 ,! ,clayton ,high ,s*ool has twelve tea*]s & an enrollm5t ( #bbe4 ,x has a new well-equipp$ build+4 ,hughes ,c\nty has ?irty-n9e rural s*ools outside ( ,pi]re4 ,f\r s*ools (f] "s high s*ool "w1 two (f]+ "o ye>1 "o two ye>s & "o ?ree ye>s4 ,pi]re has ?ree elem5t>y s*ools4 ,! ,pi]re f\r-ye> high s*ool has #bbj /ud5ts4 ,! total s*ool enrollm5t ( ! c\nty1 includ+ ! s*ools 9 ,pi]re1 0 #a1ecj1 ! total numb] ( tea*]s sev5ty & ! total co/ ( ma9t5ance #acj1aii4ce4 ,!re is a ,gov]nm5t ,indian ,indu/rial ,s*ool locat$ j outside ,pi]re4 ,! lack ( opportunity = high s*ool tra9+ 9 s l>ge a "p ( ea* c\nty1 br+s ab\t an increas+ migration into ! c\nty seat = educational advantages4 ,_m families leave _! ran*es & move 9 = ! w9t] in/ead ( s5d+ a *ild or two4 ,"s come 9 = elem5t>y s*ools1 because ( bad roads & ! inaccessibility ( _! c\ntry s*ool4 ,?is is "o ( ! greate/ factors 9 ! gr[? ( ^! c5t]s4 ,to illu/rate ! numb] ( pupils f ! c\ntry1 #aej ( ! #ebb pupils ( ! ,%]idan ,high ,s*ool are non-resid5t & all b ab\t t5 are f ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,9 ,union ,c\nty1 fifty ( ! #bbe pupils 9 ! ,clayton ,high ,s*ool come f all ov] ! c\nty1 ! majority com+ f t5 miles ar\nd ,clayton4 ,! numb] ( c\nty *ildr5 att5d+ ,clayton s*ools is increas+ at ! rate ( ab\t #ae p] c5t4 a ye>4 ,^! *ildr5 h c]ta9 m>k$ *>act]i/ics4 ,!y are old] = _! grade ?an ! t[n *ildr51 !y av]age high] m>ks1 & are anxi\s to make ! be/ ( _! opportunity4 ,9 o!r words1 !y d n take education = grant$1 l ! t[n or city *ild4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,economic & ,social ,t5d5cies ,gr[? ( ! ,f>m ,bureau ,no great] laboratory exi/s = sci5tific f>m+ ?an 9 ?is we/]n c\ntry4 ,a ,f>m ,bureau1 popul>iz$ ?r\gh c\nty ag5ts1 is an asset ( prime significance to a region t w end[ ! re/ ( ! c\ntry ) ! fruits ( its developm5t4 ,hughes1 9 #aiae1 0 ! fir/ ( ! f\r c\nties to organize a ,f>m ,bureau4 ,%]idan & ,union foll[$ 9 #aiai4 ,beav]head ,c\nty has no ,f>m ,bureau4 ,a ,c\nty ,f>m ,ag5t 0 employ$ = eight mon?s 9 #aiah1 b did n h ! support ( ! ran*]s4 ,!y felt t an ag5t1 9 a /ock rais+ c\nty l ,beav]head :]e hay fl\ri%$ )\t cultivation1 0 a ne$less exp5se4 ,z "o ran*] rem>k$1 ,we did n want "s "o :o knew less ab\t our bus9ess ?an we did4 ,z an index to ! success att5d+ exp]t f>m advice1 "o entire community 9 ,beav]head attempt$ & ab&on$ dry f>m+1 :]eas 9 o!r c\nties :]e ,f>m ,bureaus & ag5ts h giv5 s]vice & advice no entire community has fail$ s completely4 ,! ,f>m ,bureaus n only improve agricultural me?ods1 b are creat+ local lead]s & a community _s4 ,! ,f>m ,bureau (f]s a def9ite program t is rew>d+ if adopt$4 ,x develops 9 ! individual community a _s ( indep5d5ce & self-respect :i* mu/ prec$e cooep]ation4 ,! ,%]idan ,f>m ,bureau records a typical objective3 to promote ! developm5t ( ! mo/ pr(itable & p]man5t sy/em ( agriculture2 ! mo/ :olesome & satisfactory liv+ conditions2 ! highe/ ideals 9 home & community life1 & a g5u9e int]e/ 9 ! f>m bus9ess & rural life on ! "p ( ! boys & girls & "y p4444 ,!re %all be a def9ite program ( "w 444 bas$ on ! results ( a c>eful /udy ( ! problems ( ! c\nty4 ,x %all be =mulat$ & c>ri$ out by ! memb]s ( ! organization1 ) ! assi/ance ( _! ag5ts & speciali/s z may be available f ! ,/ate ,agricultural ,college4 ,ea* ,f>m ,bureau has c\nty lead]s or a bo>d ( directors1 ea* memb] specializ+ 9 & promot+ "s p>ticul> project1 z p\ltry1 cattle1 m>ket+ ( gra91 dairy+1 roads1 *ild welf>e1 clo?+1 food & c\nty fair4 ,dur+ #aiai-aibj =ty-?ree ,f>m ,bureau meet+s 7 held 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty1 ) a total att5dance ( #a1cba4 ,tw5ty ext5sion s*ools or c\rses 7 giv5 ) a total att5dance ( #bfa4 ,two community fairs 7 held1 & six communities put on recreation programs4 ,! ,f>m ,bureau upheld ,gov]nor ,c>ey's ann\ncem5t ( ,good ,roads ,day by donat+ #c1cjj wor? ( "w on ! roads4 ,sev5te5 communities 7 organiz$2 twelve h community committees4 ,no?+ c bett] create community _s & enli/ cooep]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,f>m ,,bureau ,,demon/ration ,! ,c\nty ,ag5t = ,%]idan is mak+ gras%opp] poison4 ,ea* community also adopts a program ( "w ( its own "u ! lead]%ip ( ! community committee4 ,a community program = ,union ,c\nty1 :i* is inaccessible to ! railroad1 is z foll[s3 ,program ( ,"w ,goal = #aiba ,accompli%m5ts ,"w ,/ill ,to ,be to ,date ,done ,p\ltry ,m>ket eggs ,lett]s writt5 ,prices n suffici5t = m>kets to w>rant %ipp+ z yet ,live/ock ,organize pig ,two talks club ,two lead]s ,organize calf secur$ club ,home beautifi- ,plant trees1 ,plant$ cation v9es & %rubb]y ,road ,fix bad ,secur$ c\nty ,keep at x places aid4 ,got bridge ,rod5t ,rod5t poison #aa poison$ ,eradication demon/ration ,coyote ,kill 'em ,n9e put out ,complete x coyote poison & kill$ #dh coyotes ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,home ,,demon/ration ,,ag5t ,"h is a ,woman's ,club at an all-day meet+ 9 ,union ,c\nty receiv+ in/ructions 9 ! work+s ( an iceless refrig]ator4 ,! ,f>m ,bureau works ) ! ,c\nty ,ag5ts1 ! ,home ,demon/ration ,ag5ts1 & ! ,boys' & ,girls' ,club lead]s1 :]ev] su* ag5ts exi/4 ,! ,c\nty ,ag5ts are giv+ !mselves :ole-he>t$ly to _! jobs1 & ! dem&s = _! s]vices keep !m busy driv+ ?r\gh c\nties = purposes ( demon/ration or organization4 ,! ,hughes ,c\nty ag5t reports ! foll[+ s*$ule3 fifty days on animal disease1 ?irty-sev5 & "o-half days on boys' & girls' club "w1 ?irty-sev5 days on organization1 tw5ty-?ree days on m>ket+ & #aaf days on miscellane\s "w4 ,%]idan & ,union h ,home ,demon/ration ag5ts1 en]getic wom51 :o g out ov] ! c\nty organiz+ gr\ps ( wom5 & giv+ demon/rations & talks4 ,"s ( _! a*ievem5ts 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty may be cit$4 ,hot lun*es 7 e/abli%$ 9 six rural s*ools 9 cooep]ation ) ! ,public ,heal? ,nurse2 "s phase ( heal? "w 0 c>ri$ on 9 f\r communities & 9 ,%]idan ,city s*ools a clo?+ s*ool 0 held2 #bjj wom5 7 taught ! ,cold ,pack me?od ( cann+2 f\r home conv5i5ce demon/rations 7 giv52 five pressure cook]s 7 pur*as$2 tw5ty-five flocks 7 cull$2 twelve ,am]ican *eese demon/rations 7 giv51 & #ejj p\nds ( *eese made4 ,boys' & girls' club "w is c>ri$ on 9 e c\nty except ,beav]head4 ,! boys & girls all ov] ! c\nty are organiz$ into clubs & "w on v>i\s k9ds ( projects4 ,union ,c\nty's record = #aibj is notable3 ,k9d ( ,club ,total ,memb]%ip ,value ( ,products1 #aibj ,pig ,club #hc #h1ajg4jj ,calf ,club #ci #a1efh4jj ,p\ltry ,club #cj #cfg4jj ,cook+ #cf #bbj4jj ,s]v+ #cf #caj4jj ,bean #ac #afe4fj ,maize #aj #abj4jj ,corn #be #a1gfe4jj --- ---------- ,total #bgb #aa1fbb4fj ,pure-br$ hogs & cattle own$ by boys & girls are sold "u ! auspices ( ! ,f>m ,bureau4 ,prizes are (f]$4 ,9 ,%]idan ,c\nty1 ! c\nty club *ampions are s5t to ! ,annual ,r\nd-up at ! ,/ate ,univ]sity4 ,9 ,hughes1 ?ree teams ( ?ree memb]s ea* 7 giv5 a free trip to ! ,/ate ,fair z a rew>d = _! ef=ts & a*ievem5ts4 ,"o memb] ( ! ,c[-,calf ,club won a free trip to ! ,int]national ,live ,/ock ,%[ 9 ,*icago z a prize = 8 exhibit at ! ,/ate ,fair4 ,developm5t ( ,cooep]ation ,irrigation means cooep]ation1 b cooep]ation 9 buy+ & m>ket+ is comp>atively a new developm5t4 ,cooep]ation1 h[ev]1 is a necessity because s _m f>m]s are di/ant f ! trade c5t]s & %ipp+ po9ts4 ,cooep]ation is ! prime int]e/ ( ! ,f>m ,bureaus :i*1 9 "s c\nties1 und]take cooep]ative buy+ & sell+4 ,! ,hughes ,c\nty ,f>m ,bureau has be5 especially effective 9 promot+ cooep]ative ent]prise4 ,says ! ,c\nty ,ag5t3 ,! ,m$ic9e ,valley ,f>m ,bureau has done consid]able "w along diff]5t l9es1 b ! mo/ out/&+ has be5 ! promotion ( a ,f>m]s' ,cooep]ative ,elevator4 ,mo/ ( ! /ock 9 ?is ent]prise has be5 sold & "w w be />t$ v soon on ! build+4444 ,! ,h>rold ,live ,/ock ,%ipp+ ,association 0 promot$ by ! ,f>m ,bureau ,community ,club s\? ( ,h>rold4 ,sev]al meet+s 7 held by ?is club on m>ket+4 ,memb]s 7 suppli$ ) cooep]ative %ipp+ in/ructions & in=mation4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 mo/ ( ! /ock %ipp$ out ( ,h>rold is %ipp$ ?r\gh ?is organization4 ,x has prov$ a success4 ,?is community club 0 also in/rum5tal 9 ! promotion ( a cooep]ative elevator at ,h>rold 444 9 addition to ! organization projects on m>ket+1 consid]able buy+ & sell+ 9 c>-load lots has be5 done by ! diff]5t ,f>m ,bureau ,community ,clubs4 ,! ,snake ,butte ,community ,club has b\ght f\r c>-loads ( coal = its memb]s1 ) a sav+ ( at lea/ #bjj4 ,!y h also b\ght a c> ( fl\r1 a c> ( apples & a c> ( f5ce po/s1 all ( :i* has effect$ a sav+ ( ano!r #bjj4 ,?ree o!r community clubs h b\ght supplies by ! c>-load4 ,^! pur*ases h nett$ memb]s ( ! c\nty a sav+ ( approximately six hundr$ doll>s4444 7,! ,f>m ,bureau ?r\gh its ex*ange s]vice has locat$ #d1eej bu%els ( se$ flax1 #die p\nds ( ,grimm alfalfa se$1 #bjj bu%els ( se$ :eat1 #ajj bu%els ( rye & #hjj bu%els ( se$ corn47 ,"o ?\s&1 six hundr$ & eighty-five p\nds ( wool 0 also direct$ to ! /ate pool ( ! ,national ,wool ,w>eh\se & ,/orage ,company at ,*icago1 ,ill9ois4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,truck ,,f>m ,,9 ,,hughes ,,c\nty ,beav]head ,c\nty has ?ree active /ock-gr[]s' associations1 ! mo/ active ( :i* is ! ,big ,hole ,/ockm5's ,association :i* e/abli%$ /ock y>ds at ,wisdom & at ,divide1 _! %ipp+ po9t4 ,!y f9ally induc$ ! railroad to help pay = ! y>ds4 ,?is association 0 f\nd$ *iefly to "w = a road f ! ,big ,hole ov] into ! ,bitt] ,root ,valley4 ,! ,=e/ ,s]vice 0 will+ to help build ! road if ,beav]head & ,ravalli ,c\nties w\ld also help4 ,beav]head ,c\nty did n favor ! project because x fe>$ competition f ! ,bitt] ,root products4 ,b ! ,big ,hole ,valley want$ ! road on acc\nt ( ! bus9ess x w\ld br+ 94 ,! ,/ockm5's ,association rais$ ab\t #g1jjj t[>ds x & ! c\nty f9ally put 9 #c1ejj4 ,besides _! contribution ( money1 ! memb]s ( ! ,association donat$ "t & teams4 ,"o reason :y !y h held toge!r s well & s long 0 because !y %>$ ! debt4 ,x has be5 h>d sl$d+1 b !y h won out4 ,_! wage scale1 :i* is e/abli%$ annually1 0 successfully op]at$ = ! fir/ "t la/ ye> 7#aiba71 :5 all b two ran*]s /uck to ! prescrib$ wage ( #b4jj p] day = hay h&s4 ,!y h fix$ up ! ,fair ,gr\nds at ,wisdom & give a ,p[-w[ !re e ye>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fruits ,,( ,,! ,,e>? ,! ,community _s expresses itself 9 fri5dly rivalry at ,union ,c\nty ,fair4 ,l>gely ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! ,f>m ,bureau1 two cooep]ative organizations 7 rec5tly />t$ 9 ,union ,c\nty1 ! ,union ,c\nty ,f>m]s' ,mutual ,hail ,insurance ,association & ! ,regi/]$ ,live ,/ock & ,pure ,br$ ,p\ltry ,association4 ,!re is only "o o!r active cooep]ative at pres5t1 a ,telephone ,company at ,m\nt ,dora1 capitaliz$ at #c1jjj4 ,a /ate-wide m>ket+ association has #bhj ,union ,c\nty memb]s :o produc$ 9 #aibj "o-?ird ( all ! products m>ket$ ?r\gh ! organization4 ,besides ! m>ket+ associations1 ,hughes has a cooep]ative ,f>m]s' ,lumb] ,company4 ,all ^! c\nties h cooep]ative /ores4 ,a cooep]ative /ore at ,wisdom 9 ,beav]head ,c\nty has fifty /ockhold]s4 ,lima _h a cooep]ative /ore 9 #aiai-aibj :i* fail$ ?r\gh poor managem5t4 ,two ,ro*dale ,cooep]ative /ores 7 />t$ ?ree ye>s ago 9 ,ulm & ,cle>mont 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,:5 ! c5tral organization took ! surplus e>n+s ( ! bran* /ores to make up failures 9 o!r /ores 9 ! *a9 in/ead ( decl>+ divid5ds1 bo? ! ,%]idan ,c\nty /ores )drew & organiz$ cooep]atives ( _! own 9 ,m>*1 #aiba4 ,%]idan ,city = ! pa/ eight ye>s has _h a cooep]ative /ore 9 :i* ran*]s & f>m]s f ne>by communities h mo/ ( ! %>es4 ,!re is also a ,m9]s' ,/ore 9 ,%]idan ,city4 ,hughes ,c\nty has "o cooep]ative /ore ) #aej /ockhold]s4 ,urban & ,rural ,rivalry ,all ! c5t]s are s]vice /ations = ! f>m]s4 ,9 "s places ! old1 deep-seat$ antagonism betwe5 t[n & c\ntry is noticeable4 ,!re is ! feel+ t ! m]*ants ov]*>ge1 t big bus9ess sets ! prices1 t capital is to be di/ru/$4 ,mo/ ( ! m]*ants h be5 ( ! old individuali/ic type :i* places ! doll> high] ?an ! community1 an idea :i* ! ,comm]cial ,clubs are alt]+4 ,?is is especially noticeable 9 ,union ,c\nty1 :]e ! feel+ betwe5 c\ntry & t[n has be5 v bitt]4 ,! f>m]s un=tunately are unfri5dly to & di/ru/ful ( ! m]*ants & bus9ess m54 ,ea* gr\p is really int]dep5d5t1 b 'su*' a feel+ ret>ds progress & developm5t4 ,z "o lead+ f>m] put x1 ,! prejudice betwe5 ! f>m] & bus9ess man mu/ be ov]come4 ,!re is no limit to ! results if we c j get toge!r4 ,! f>m]s feel t ! av]age m]*ant 9 buy+ f>m products has n discrim9at$ betwe5 a good & a bad product s f> z price goes4 ,9 %ort1 ! hone/ f>m] does n want to sell bad eggs or s&y maize1 b he doesn't l to get a poor price = a good product4 ,f>m]s feel t ! m]*ants h ov]*>g$ !m = goods & obta9$ high pr(its & !y are und\bt$ly "r to "s ext5t4 ,! f>m]s believe t ! fact ( _! *>g+ goods on cr$it ) ! m]*ant gives ! latt] an unfair advantage ov] !m1 t ! m]*ant ?9ks he c pay any price he wants :5 pur*as+ f ! f>m]4 ,*amb]s ( ,comm]ce & ,comm]cial ,clubs are work+ t[>d a bett] und]/&+4 ,get-toge!r meet+s h be5 />t$4 ,! fir/ ,union ,c\nty meet+ prep>$ ! f>m]s by lett]s & visits1 9 ord] to sugge/ a m fri5dly & con/ructive meet+ gr\nd4 ,9 ,%]idan & ,pi]re1 ! ,comm]cial ,clubs h be5 v ready to cooep]ate 9 any movem5ts t w\ld b5efit ! f>m]4 ,an example ( happi] relations betwe5 f>m] & m]*ant is ! re/ room = f>m]s' wives ma9ta9$ 9 ,dillon by ! ,good ,gov]nm5t ,club4 ,illu/ration3 ,,up-,,to-,,date ,,reap+ ,,on ,,! ,,pla9s ,answ]+ ! ,_w's ,pray] = ,daily ,bread4 ,h>d ,times ,9 ! hi/ory ( ?is ,range area ! la/ ?ree ye>s h be5 ! mo/ difficult = f>m]s & ran*]s4 ,!y h suff]$ acutely f ! %>p drop 9 prices ( /ock & f>m products4 ,"p ( ! ,range section has _h a sev]e dr\?4 ,beav]head has _h sev]al dry ye>s4 ,la/ ye> 7#aiba71 ?\s&s ( doll>s' wor? ( hay _h to be %ipp$ into ! c\nty z fe$1 & mu* live/ock _h to be s5t out ( ! c\nty to graze4 ,9 addition to dr\?1 gras%opp]s1 fairly pl5tiful be=e1 became a sc\rge 9 "p ( ,%]idan ! summ] ( #aiba4 ,! f>m]s1 help$ by ! ,f>m ,bureau1 work$ h>d to ext]m9ate !m ) poison$ oats4 ,simultane\sly ) ! dr\? & gras%opp] sc\rge 9 c]ta9 sections1 ! decrease 9 prices has l$ to h>d times & mu* suff]+4 ,:]eas a ran*] 0 well (f a few ye>s ago1 he n[ consid]s himself lucky if he is 9 ! hole = only a few ?\s&4 ,! f>m]s are bitt]4 ,!y feel t some?+ is wrong ) ! sy/em4 ,"o c h>dly blame !m :5 crops br+ no pr(it1 :ile taxes seem to be high] ?an ev]4 ,! h>d times h made ran*]s & f>m]s d m s]i\s ?9k+ ab\t taxes1 f>m conditions1 & ! m>ket+ ( f>m products ?an !y h ev] done be=e4 ,e4 ,t4 ,dev9e1 writ+ on ,montana ,f>m]s 9 ,! ,survey ,magaz9e1 gives ! f>m]s' position3 ,montana f>m]s are mu* l o!r ,am]ican produc]s1 urban & rural1 b !y are ev5 h>d] hit ?an mo/ ( _! fell[ c\ntrym51 except1 ( c\rse1 unemploy$ t[n work]s4 ,!y %>e 9 ! g5]al calamity ( relatively l[ prices = agricultural products & !y h also j pass$ ?r\gh sev]al ye>s ( unprec$5t$ dr\?4 ,freight rates are high & burd5some1 & ! ?+s ! f>m]s h to buy are /ill high 9 proportion to ! prices :i* !y get = _! gra9 & /ock4 ,^! f>m]s are !re=e 9 debt1 & are borr[+ m ?an !y c4 ,!y are actually & n m]ely 9 a *ronically di/ort$ imag9ation1 hav+ difficulty 9 pay+ _! int]e/ & taxes2 & if _! equity is small !y are los+ x4444 ,! f>m]s are n seek+ fundam5tal or p]man5t solutions4 ,:at conc]ns !m is to get imm$iate & appreciable relief f taxes4 ,h>d times1 z 9 ,union ,c\nty1 usually /rike our be/ assets4 ,! c\nty fir/ _h a ,c\nty ,ag5t 9 #aiae1 a ,home ,demon/ration ,ag5t 9 #aiag1 & ,assi/ant ,c\nty ,ag5t 9 #aiah & a ,club ,lead] 9 #aiah4 ,un=tunately1 ! h>d times =c$ ^u ! c\ntry a program ( retr5*m5t4 ,9 #aibj ! ,assi/ant ,c\nty ,ag5t &1 e>ly 9 #aiba1 ! ,club ,lead] 7 remov$4 ,at pres5t1 !re is a det]m9$ ef=t 9 "s qu>t]s to disp5se ) ! o!r two work]s4 ,social ,ag5cies ,c\ntry folk keep track ( ?+s4 ,c\nty pap]s z well z outside newspap]s are read 9 all communities4 ,^! outside newspap]s come f ,d5v]1 ,kansas ,city1 ,butte or ,omaha1 dep5d+ ^u location4 ,f\r newspap]s are publi%$ 9 ,beav]head1 two 9 ! c\nty seat1 & "o 9 ea* ( ! two villages4 ,rural ,%]idan pr9ts b "o newspap]1 ,! ,tongue ,riv] ,news1 at ,ran*e/]4 ,two dailies are publi%$ 9 ,%]idan ,city4 ,?ree communities 9 ,union1 & ?ree 9 ,hughes ,c\nty1 publi% _! own pap]s4 ,! t[n ( ,clayton has ! ,exam9] & ! ,tribune1 z well z a pap] pr9t$ 9 ,spani%4 ,gr5ville & ,des ,mo9es1 two villages 9 ,union1 also h local pap]s4 ,9 ,hughes ,c\nty1 ,pi]re has two pap]s1 & ,blunt & ,h>rold "o ea*4 ,! editors are almo/ all progressive & up-to-date1 & vitally int]e/$ 9 ! welf>e ( _! communities4 ,m & bett] libr>ies are an urg5t ne$ ( all ^! c\nties4 ,%]idan1 ,pi]re & ,dillon all h spl5did ,c>negie libr>ies4 ,! majority ( ! s*ools h small s*ool libr>ies4 ,b !re is only "o public libr>y 9 ,beav]head ,c\nty1 besides t 9 ,dillon1 9 ! community h\se ( ,wisdom village4 ,%]idan has no o!r libr>y 9 ! :ole c\nty4 ,! only libr>ies 9 ,union ,c\nty are a collection ( books = public use 9 ! (fice ( a village lumb] y>d & a small travell+ libr>y4 ,hughes ,c\nty has a t[n libr>y & ?ree circulat+ libr>ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wisdom ,,is ,,ju/ifi$ ,! ,community ,h\se at ,wisdom1 ,beav]head ,c\nty4 ,good lead]%ip is always ess5tial to progress4 ,e "o ( ^! c\nties is =tunate 9 hav+ "s spl5did c\nty-wide lead]s :o are devot+ !mselves to _! c\nty's progress4 ,:]ev] a c\nty has a ,f>m ,bureau1 lead]%ip is develop$ by t organization4 ,b 9 rural sections :]e di/ances prev5t p f com+ toge!r1 lead]%ip is want+4 ,ea* ran* is a small isolat$ _w & by ! v nature ( ?+s !re are few community und]tak+s4 ,! developm5t ( local lead]%ip1 especially 9 remote sections1 %\ld become ! conc]n ( ?is c\ntry4 ,z ,h>t says 9 8 book1 ,community ,organization1 ! de/9y ( civilization is wrapp$ up 9 ! future ( community life4 ,if t life becomes intellig5t1 ri*ly develop$1 democratically organiz$1 socially controll$--! future ( civilization is secure4444 ,! det]m9ation is l>gely "o ( lead]%ip4 ,community ,_s ,r$ ,cross "w1 dur+ ! w>1 did a great deal t[>d br++ ab\t a unifi$ _s4 ,! ,f>m ,bureau is work+ 9 ?is direction4 ,:5 real ne$s arise1 a community _s is born1 & unsuspect$ qualities ( loyalty1 cooep]ation & lead]%ip develop1 z happ5$ 9 "o community 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty1 :5 t community want$ ! ,/ate highway3 !y canvass$ e load ( :eat t w5t to ,%]idan ,city f _! community to %[ h[ mu* _! road 0 us$4 ,ano!r spl5did example ( community _s 0 ! pageant /ag$ by ,arm/ead ,community1 9 ,beav]head ,c\nty1 to celebrate ! anniv]s>y ( ! ,lewis & ,cl>k ,exp$ition4 ,e "o 9 ! community1 ev5 ! babies z ,indian papooses1 took "p4 ,ab\t half ( all ! communities h a real community _s1 i4e41 a will+ness on ! "p ( ! p to "w unselfi%ly1 cooep]atively1 = ! be/ int]e/s ( ! community4 ,?is _s1 fo/]$ by ! ,f>m ,bureau or by w> "w1 has direct$ communities to conc]n !mselves ) _! roads1 s*ools1 me?ods ( f>m+ & ! creation & /r5g!n+ ( all community bonds & int]e/s4 ,! results ( ?is _s are %[n 9 social & educative ag5cies l ,lodges & ! local bran*es ( ! ,f>m ,bureau4 ,( ! sixty-eight ,lodges only sev5te5 are = wom51 & _! total enrollm5t is ab\t #g1jjj memb]s4 ,:ile wom5 h few] ,lodges _! att5dance is m en?usia/ic & regul> ?an 9 ! case ( ! m54 ,!re are ,comm]cial ,clubs 9 ! city & t[ns1 & 9 a numb] ( ! villages4 ,! ,am]ican ,legion has five bran*es 9 ! f\r c\nties4 ,eight communities h ,lit]>y ,societies meet+ regul>ly4 ,!n !re are ! _m clubs & societies :i* are purely social4 ,^! include sew+ clubs1 c>d clubs1 a?letic clubs & simil> organizations :i* are f\nd 9 ! city & t[ns1 & 9 ab\t "o-?ird ( ! o!r communities4 ,!re are musical organizations 9 sev5 communities1 & f\r communities h community s++4 ,^! organizations1 toge!r ) ! s*ools & *ur*es1 give ! inspiration = mo/ ( ! social life4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,camp+ ,,9 ,,%]idan ,,c\nty ,! color$ cook1 at lea/1 seems to delight 9 h] surr\nd+s4 ,movies1 ,motors & ! ,dance ,all ! l>g] c5t]s h mov+-picture !atres4 ,) ! com+ ( ! movie1 & ! g5]al own]%ip ( c>s1 !re is a gr[+ t5d5cy to g into ! c5t]s = amusem5t4 ,danc+ is ! mo/ popul> recreation4 ,if an ev5t is really a success1 x ends ) a dance4 ,9 _m communities a dance is ! only ?+ t w g4 ,"o reason = ?is is ! lack ( lead]%ip2 a dance ne$s no plann+ to speak (1 :i* is n ! case ) o!r =ms ( indoor recreation4 ,dances attract p f great di/ances & are g5]ally held on ,saturday night1 la/+ until ,sunday morn+1 ) a fea/ at midnight4 ,p]haps ! ,f>m ,bureau has an exhibition dur+ ! day1 & !re is a community dance 9 ! ev5+4 ,x is held 9 ! hall ov] ! poolroom4 ,an or*e/ra ( ?ree army vet]ans plays good lively jazz4 ,! late/ tunes & dances ( ! city are z famili> 9 ^! remote communities z are ! late/ modes & fa%ions4 ,no c\ntry squ>e dances "h2 no?+ old] ?an ! v late/ danc+1 & ! mo/ mod]n ( e>-capp$ coiffures6 ,:ole families att5d1 & p>5ts take ! floor along ) ! "y folks4 ,!re is a great fri5dl9ess4 ,! "y m5 are well set-up1 muscul> & tann$1 & "s ( !m ev5 we> spurs :i* cl9k toge!r z !y dance4 ,fem99e noses are n z :ite z !y might be1 ?\gh p[d] puffs are "h1 v prop]ly conceal$4 ,mo/ ( ^! girls ride horseback z well z _! bro!rs1 & bo? "y wom5 & m51 ) _! a?letic supple figures1 _! innate s5se ( grace & rhy?m1 might put to %ame our tir$1 anaemic city danc]s4 ,at midnight1 !re is a supp] ( fri$ *ick51 s&wi*es & real cake br\ght a few doz5 miles m or less by team or c>4 ,ev]y?+ ta/es good because x is made at home4 ,aft]w>ds1 ! tireless feet cont9ue ! intricate1 graceful measures4 ,b outside ! brightly light$ hall1 & beyond ! s\nd ( laught] & music broods ! sil5t1 my/]i\s night ( a spaci\s c\ntry4 ,h[ _m city danc]s "k ! homew>d drive ?r\gh a big c\ntry1 ! moon p]haps light+ ! riv]1 ! cont\rs ( pla9 & butte1 & ! sleep+ hamlets8 ,! mo/ popul> =ms ( outdoor recreation are ! community b>becues1 fronti] days & p[-w[s4 ,only ^? :o live ?is free1 heal?y life 9 ! he>t ( nature h appetites wor?y ( a b>becue4 ,at noon ! delici\s beef1 roa/$ all night ov] a deep tr\gh ( coals1 & ba/$ ) real butt]1 is a social meal t _m ( u envy4 ,!re are fronti] field days ) sports belong+ to ran* life1 su* z horse rac+ & bron*o bu/+4 ,! day usually ends ) a big dance4 ,ev5 ! dude ran*es 9 ,%]idan hold ,fronti] days1 & great ev5ts !y are1 too1 ) _m spectators4 ,9 sections ( ,%]idan & ,union ,c\nties1 b especially 9 ,beav]head1 !re is ! beauty ( ! c\ntry :i* furni%es recreation 9 itself4 ,nature has lavi%$ ^u !m e gift ( l9e & color4 ,! m\nta9s & ! /reams1 ! woods & ! canyons1 hold a hundr$ delightful possibilities t are )9 ! rea* ( almo/ e "o4 ,x is a playgr\nd z v>i$ z x is p]fect4 ,on ,saturdays & ,sundays 9 ! summ]1 c> aft] c>1 pack$ ) camp equipm5t & home-made delicacies1 head = ! heal?-giv+ hills & m\nta9s4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,fronti] ,,celebration ,! ,b>becue is an in/itution typical ( ! ,range ,c\ntry & is att5d$ by settl]s f f> & ne>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ur* ,,& ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,hughes ,,c\nty1 ,,s\? ,,dakota ,,*apt] ,,iii ,:at ( ! ,*ur*8 ,:at c\ntry l&scape is complete )\t ! *ur* spires8 ,9 ?is spaci\s we/]n region1 9 ! he>t ( awe-inspir+ natural sc5]y1 ! *ur* spires are guidepo/s to almo/ #ej1jjj p4 ,?is l& is new4 ,x has be5 ! *ang+ fronti]4 ,trem5d\s developm5ts h be5 9 process4 ,! c\ntry is 9 a transition /age betwe5 ! /ock-rais+ pa/ & ! agricultural future4 ,population has increas$ rapidly2 population has be5 %ift+4 ,! :ole backgr\nd has be5 kaleidoscopic4 ,! ,*ur* has fac$ bewild]+ *anges & gr[?4 ,! burd5 ( increas+ its s]vice & equipm5t has be5 heavy2 x has n be5 able to keep up ) ! pace ( civilization4 ,! /ory ( e>ly *ur* gr[? 9 ! c[boy c\ntry is "o inspir+ loyalty s9ce x eloqu5tly traces ! fai?fulness ( a few 9 a c\ntry :]e ,god 0 easily =gott54 ,"o ( ! fir/ ?+s to be read ( r\gh-&-ready ,bannock1 among ! e>lie/ m9+ t[ns on ! ,range1 is t *ur* s]vices 7 held !re4 ,! ,*ur* migrat$ ) its congregations4 ,mission>ies f ! ,ea/ came ?r\gh ) ! fur trapp]s & prea*$ ! ^w ( ,god4 ,:5 ! l& began to be tak5 up by settl]s1 impromptu meet+s 7 held1 & ,sunday s*ools 7 />t$ 9 _m places :i* _h no m9i/]s4 ,"s ( ^! po9ts ( wor%ip gradually develop$ into organiz$ religi\s bodies s t at pres5t !re are *ur*es :i* h gr[n up ) ! c\ntry4 ,a ,difficult ,field ,! ,*ur* 9 ?is fronti] c\ntry has always fac$ great difficulties4 ,*iefly1 !re is ! va/ area ( x1 ) a scatt]$ & transi5t population4 ,home/ead]s are a re/less1 unc]ta91 human quantity4 ,"s are engross$ 9 gett+ a />t4 ,o!rs move on z soon z !y h prov$ up on _! claims4 ,all are poor2 !re is always an economic /ruggle go+ on4 ,! old fronti] _s ( let h & let be survives f ! c[boy days4 ,?is free & easy _s says3 ,boys dr9k+8--well1 boys h to h _! good times4 ,/reets we$y8--well1 !y might be worse4 ,! same _s says3 ,no *ur*es8--well1 we're j z well (f & our money is bett] 9 ! bank ?an pay+ = a m9i/] :o nev] gets out & does an hone/ day's "w4 ,good-bye1 ,god1 we're go+ to ,wyom+1 said a little ,bo/on girl z ! family 0 />t+ we/4 ,?is typifies :at happ5$ z p f ! ,ea/ & ,middle ,we/ mov$ out to ! fronti]4 ,9 ! desp]ate /ruggle = exi/5ce home/ead]s _h little "t = ,*ri/ian ent]prise4 ,because ( ! great di/ances & scatt]$ population1 adequate *ur* m9i/ry has be5 difficult if n impossible4 ,p _h = s long liv$ )\t a *ur* t indiff]5ce develop$4 ,! long] !y /ay$ ! less !y took ! *ur* = grant$4 ,! old] ! section1 "o f9ds to-day1 ! less likely x is to want *ur* m9i/ry4 ,new] home/ead]s1 rec5tly come f o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry :]e ! *ur* 0 m available1 are m eag] = *ur* & ,sunday s*ool4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,voice ,,9 ,,! ,,wild]ness ,! ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur* at ,mosqu]o1 ,union ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,m4 ,developm5t & ,di/ribution ,! diff]5ces 9 religi\s developm5t & psy*ology accord+ to ! "t ( settlem5t are well illu/rat$ by ^! c\nties4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ,beav]head grew up be=e ! ,*ur* _h made mu* headway4 ,x is cons]vative4 ,! g5]al attitude is ! w>y "o ( ,let ! ,*ur* alone4 ,m5 class *ur*es among ^? fem99e luxuries ) :i* a real1 r$-blood$ man has little to d4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,union1 ! mo/ rec5tly develop$ c\nty ( ! f\r1 /ill has a m>k$ *ur* consci\sness4 ,! majority ( ! p h n yet brok5 ) ! habits & cu/oms ( ! m closely settl$ & *ur*$ ,middle ,we/ f :i* !y came4 ,! o!r two c\nties comb9e ^! two conditions4 ,"p ( ,%]idan is l ,union1 a region newly home/ead$4 ,"p ( x is l ,beav]head1 old & settl$ ) fronti] habits4 ,hughes1 on ! ?re%old ( ! ,we/1 reta9s ! fronti] s5tim5t ( all ! o!r c\nties4 ,illu/ration3 ,,no ,,room ,,= ,,bo? ,! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* at ,melrose1 ,montana1 & its next-door neighbor1 a des]t$ saloon4 ,*ur* "w has be5 go+ on 9 ^! c\nties s9ce #ahfg1 :5 ,prote/ant "w 0 />t$ at ,bannock1 9 ,beav]head ,c\nty4 ,*ur*es 7 organiz$ 9 ! o!r c\nties 9 succe$+ decades4 ,! fir/ ,prote/ant *ur* 0 organiz$ 9 ,hughes betwe5 #ahgj & #ahhj1 9 ,%]idan & ,union ,c\nties betwe5 #ahhj & #ahij4 ,9 ?is comp>atively %ort "t1 "s *ur*es h gone "u4 ,beav]head has _h n9e ,prote/ant *ur*es1 ( :i* six are n[ active4 ,"o *ur*1 locat$ j outside ! bord] ( ! c\nty 9 ,melrose1 a small hamlet1 is includ$ 9 ?is report4 ,dillon1 ! c\nty seat1 has f\r *ur*es1 or "o ,prote/ant *ur* = ab\t e #fge p]sons4 ,outside ,dillon1 ! habitable rural area ( ! c\nty has two ,prote/ant *ur*es1 or "o *ur* = ab\t e #a1hjj squ>e miles & = ab\t e #b1cjj p]sons4 ,roman ,ca?olics h two organiz$ *ur*es 9 ! c\nty1 ,mormons h "o active & "o inactive *ur*1 & !re is "o ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce *ur*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,%]idan ,,c\nty1 ,,wyom+ ,illu/ration3 ,,map ,,%[+ ,,*ur*es ,,& ,,p>i% ,,b\nd>ies ,,( ,,%]idan ,,c\nty ,illu/ration3 ,,*ur* ,,& ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,beav]head ,,c\nty ,illu/ration3 ,,map ,,%[+ ,,*ur*es ,,& ,,p>i% ,,b\nd>ies ,,( ,,union ,,c\nty1 ,,new ,,mexico ,illu/ration3 ,,community ,,map ,,( ,,union ,,c\nty1 ,,new ,,mexico ,sixte5 ,prote/ant *ur*es h be5 organiz$ 9 ,hughes ,c\nty1 all b "o ( :i* are n[ active4 ,pi]re1 ! c\nty seat1 ) six ( ! *ur*es1 has a ,prote/ant *ur* = ab\t e #ece p4 ,outside ,pi]re & ! section occupi$ by ! ,cr[ ,creek ,indian ,res]vation1 ! rural area ( ! c\nty has "o ,prote/ant *ur* = ab\t e sev5ty-?ree squ>e miles1 & = e #cjj p]sons4 ,!re are ?ree ,ca?olic *ur*es outside ! ,indian ,res]vation4 ,%]idan ,c\nty has _h tw5ty-two ,prote/ant *ur*es1 ( :i* sev5te5 are n[ active & two are inactive4 ,! city ( ,%]idan has n9e ,prote/ant *ur*es1 "o *ur* = ab\t e #a1jbj p]sons2 outside ,%]idan1 ! habitable area ( ! c\nty has "o ,prote/ant *ur* = ab\t e #bbj squ>e miles1 & = ab\t e #a1acj p]sons4 ,! c\nty has five ,ca?olic *ur*es1 a ,mormon1 a ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce1 & a ,!osophical organization4 ,! newe/ c\nty ( ! f\r has ! mo/ *ur*es4 ,?irty-n9e ,prote/ant *ur*es h be5 organiz$ 9 ,union ,c\nty1 ?irty-"o ( :i* are n[ active4 ,clayton1 ! c\nty seat1 has f\r *ur*es1 "o = ab\t e #fbe p]sons2 outside ,clayton1 ! rural area ( ! c\nty has "o ,prote/ant *ur* = ab\t e #bhj squ>e miles & = ab\t e #ebe p]sons4 ,!re are five organiz$ ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,! f\r c\nties n[ h a total ( sev5ty active ,prote/ant *ur*es repres5t+ elev5 diff]5t d5om9ations1 b !re is an acute ne$ ( a m /rategic di/ribution4 ,*ur*es locat$ 9 ! city ( ,%]idan w h5ce=? be ref]r$ to z city *ur*es2 *ur*es locat$ 9 ! t[ns ( ,dillon1 ,pi]re & ,clayton w be ref]r$ to z t[n *ur*es2 ^? locat$ 9 villages1 a classification apply+ to all c5t]s ) a population ( #bej to #b1ejj1 w be ref]r$ to z village *ur*es2 & ^? locat$ 9 hamlets ( less ?an #bej population or ! op5 c\ntry w be kn[n z c\ntry *ur*es4 ,classifi$ 9 ?is way1 n9e1 or #ac p] c5t4 ( ! total1 are city *ur*es2 ?irte51 or #ai p] c5t41 are t[n *ur*es2 f\rte51 or #bj p] c5t41 are village *ur*es1 & ?irty-f\r1 or #dh p] c5t41 are c\ntry *ur*es4 ,o!r ?an ,prote/ant *ur*es w be discuss$ 9 a sep>ate *apt]4 ,god's ,h\ses ,a live *ur* organization %\ld h a build+ ( its own4 ,x is h>d1 inde$1 to prea* ! reality ( religion )\t a visible h\se ( ,god4 ,yet ne>ly "o-?ird ( ! organizations h no build+s & mu/ dep5d on s*ool h\ses1 homes or depots4 ,"s ( ^! *ur*es1 locat$ 9 /rategic places1 acutely ne$ build+s & equipm5t if !y are to hold _! own 9 ! future4 ,= o!rs1 h[ev]1 ! possession ( build+s w\ld be a trag$y1 s9ce !y w\ld ?us become assur$ ( a p]man5cy :i* is n ju/ifi$4 ,all ! city & t[n *ur*es h build+s1 z well z twelve ( ! f\rte5 village1 & fifte5 ( ! ?irty-f\r c\ntry1 *ur*es4 ,9 addition1 two inactive organizations h build+s :i* are available & are us$ to "s ext5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,episcopal ,,*ur* ,,& ,,p>i% ,,h\se ,beav]head ,c\nty1 ,montana4 ,! majority ( ! build+s are ( wood2 f\rte5 are ( brick1 cem5t or adobe4 ,un=tunately1 ! ,range has no typical pione] ar*itecture ( its own4 ,mo/ ( ! build+s are rem9isc5t ( ,new ,engl& =be>s4 ,_m ( !m look b>r5 & unkempt4 ,/&+ =lorn ^u ! pla9s1 mo/ ( ! op5 c\ntry *ur*es are unreliev$ by any sign ( trees4 ,little or no ef=t has be5 made to make !m attractive4 ,?irty build+s are light$ by electricity4 ,tw5ty-two *ur*es are ( ! usual "o-room type1 elev5 h two-room build+s1 f\r h ?ree rooms1 ?ree h five rooms1 six h six rooms or m4 ,a few possess special facilities = social purposes4 ,"o t[n *ur* has a p>i% h\se4 ,n9e h extra rooms & "s special equipm5t1 includ+ ?ree gymnasiums4 ,/]eopticon outfits h be5 in/all$ 9 "o city & 9 two t[n *ur*es4 ,"o o!r t[n *ur* borr[s a /]eopticon once a mon? f a public s*ool1 & "o t[n *ur* occasionally borr[s ! c\nty mov+-picture ma*9e4 ,a new k9d ( community h\se 0 built la/ summ] by ! ,%]idan ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,x is a summ] camp on a m\nta9 /ream n f> f ! ,big ,horn ,m\nta9s1 ab\t tw5ty miles s\? ( ,%]idan4 ,! build+ is us$ = kit*51 d9+ room1 re/ room & g5]al headqu>t]s4 ,ea* family br+s its own t5t :5 us+ ! camp4 ,! purpose is to make x a place = tir$ p1 & especially = ^? :o h no c>s or o!r means ( tak+ an out+ dur+ "s "p ( ! hot wea!r4 ,! community idea expresses itself 9 a plan :]eby ^? own+ c>s %all sometimes transport a family t o!rwise might h no out+4 ,*ur* prop]ty is valu$ at #eib1cbc1 & x is notewor?y t ! *ur*es h acquir$ prop]ty ( su* value 9 s %ort a "t4 ,! fact t *ur* gr[? is a pres5t-day ph5om5on is illu/rat$ by ! two spl5did build+s erect$ s9ce ?is survey 0 made1 & ! prep>ations = a ?ird :i* w cov] an entire block4 ,! highe/ value ( any city *ur* is #gj1jjj1 ( any t[n *ur* #ge1jjj1 ( any village *ur* #g1jjj & ( any c\ntry *ur*1 #d1jjj4 ,tw5ty-eight *ur*es h p>sonages1 _! total valuation am\nt+ to #fa1cjj1 or an av]age value ( #b1ahi4 ,ab\t "o-?ird ( ! *ur*es c>ry "s indebt$ness on _! prop]ty4 ,tw5ty-five *ur*es report a total debt ( #eg1fie1 ( :i* am\nt #bh1ejj 0 borr[$ by six city *ur*es1 #ba1gjj by f\r t[n *ur*es1 #b1ije by five village *ur*es & #d1eij by eight c\ntry *ur*es4 ,! money 0 sp5t = new build+s1 new p>sonages1 repairs &1 9 "o case1 = a g>age to hold ! prea*]'s ,=d4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 in/ead ( be+ a h>d%ip1 work+ to pay (f a debt (t5 br+s *ur* memb]s toge!r into a unifi$ work+ gr\p4 ,! int]e/ paid ranges f #d to #h p] c5t4 ,*ur* ,memb]%ip ,ev5 m important ?an ! mat]ial assets ( ! *ur*es are _! human assets--_! memb]s4 ,! total numb] enroll$ 9 ,prote/ant *ur*es 9 ! f\r c\nties is #e1hbj4 ,active memb]s numb] #c1ief1 or #fh p] c5t41 :ile #a1jac1 or #ag4d p] c5t41 are class$ z inactive1 i4e41 !y nei!r att5d *ur* s]vices nor contribute to *ur* support1 & #hea1 or #ad4f p] c5t41 are non-resid5t4 ,! c\ntry & city *ur*es h ! highe/ proportion ( non-resid5t memb]s--#af4i p] c5t4 & #af4f p] c5t41 respectively2 ! t[n figure is next at #aa4g p] c5t41 & ! village p]c5tage is #i4hc4 ,^! p h mov$1 or else live too f> away to come to *ur* s]vices4 ,9 addition to ! enroll$ memb]%ip1 !re are memb]s ( di/ant *ur*es :o h nev] transf]r$ to local *ur*es4 ,!y are scatt]$ ?r\gh all ^! c\nties1 & _! numb] is1 ( c\rse1 n kn[n & _c be e/imat$4 ,"s may h be5 ask$ to jo9 local *ur*es1 b x is c]ta9 t "s h n1 & t no "o kn[s or seems to c>e if !y h be5 memb]s ( "s *ur* else:]e4 ,!y may att5d local *ur*es occasionally1 b x is m likely t !y d n4 ,"s ( !m feel l ! little h>d-work+ ran* lady :o said1 ,i 0 a *ur* memb] out 9 ,i[a1 ?irty-five ye>s ago1 b ,i've nev] done lift$ by lett] & ,i've be5 "h s long n[1 ,i guess ,i nev] w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,i ,! ,prote/ant *ur* memb] :o moves away is n foll[$ up by 8 *ur* z a g5]al ?+4 ,?is is p>tly due to frequ5t m9i/]ial *anges1 p>tly to ! lack ( well-kept *ur* records1 & p>tly to lack ( int]e/4 ,( c\rse1 ! fault is n only ) ! *ur*es on ! ,range2 x is a %ortcom+ ( ! *ur*es ev]y:]e4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 a transi5t population is *>act]i/ic ( ?is c\ntry1 x w\ld seem to be a matt] ( prime importance = *ur*es to keep track ( ! movem5ts ( _! memb]s4 ,?is matt] conc]ns n only local *ur*es & _! d5om9ations1 b also calls = cooep]ation among diff]5t d5om9ations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,ii ,mo/ ( ! *ur*es are 9 ! l>g] c5t]s4 ,( ! total resid5t *ur* memb]%ip ne>ly #dc p] c5t4 belong to city *ur*es1 #bh p] c5t4 to t[n *ur*es1 #aa p] c5t4 to village *ur*es & only #ae p] c5t4 to c\ntry *ur*es4 ,z ! c5t] decreases 9 size1 ! m x draws f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,?us1 #ic p] c5t4 ( ! total resid5t families ( city *ur*es live 9 ! city & #g p] c5t4 live outside2 #hg p] c5t4 ( ! total resid5t families ( t[n *ur*es live 9 ! t[n & #ac p] c5t4 live outside2 #fb p] c5t4 ( ! total resid5t families belong+ to village *ur*es live 9 villages & #ch p] c5t4 live outside4 ,someh[ ! ,*ur* has fail$ to appeal to ! m54 ,a prom95t man :o nev] came to *ur* 9 "o ( ! t[ns 9 ! c\nties /udi$1 said to a m9i/]3 ,"h is a hundr$ doll>s4 ,= ,god's sake1 don't let ! *ur* g d[n6 ,?is man realiz$ t ! community ne$$ ! *ur*1 b he *ose to help f ! outside4 ,?is is ! prevail+ attitude3 ! m5 are n antagoni/ic1 b !y are indiff]5t4 ,all ! c\nties h a high] proportion ( m5 ?an ( wom5 9 ! population2 ea* has a high] proportion ( wom5 ?an m5 9 ! *ur* memb]%ip4 ,beav]head1 prepond]ant by #eh4c p] c5t4 9 males1 has ! l[e/ proportion ( adult m5 9 ! *ur* memb]%ip1 #bc4h p] c5t4 ,union has ! highe/ proportion ( m51 #cb4g p] c5t4 ,= all ! *ur*es ( ! f\r c\nties1 #cj4e p] c5t4 ( all *ur* memb]s are males ov] tw5ty-"o1 #h4f p] c5t4 are males "u tw5ty-"o1 #dg4e p] c5t4 are females ov] tw5ty-"o & #ac4d p] c5t4 are females "u tw5ty-"o4 ,a l>g] proportion ( "y p are enroll$ 9 ! city & t[n *ur*es ?an 9 ^? ( ! village & op5 c\ntry4 ,city & t[n *ur* memb]%ips h #i p] c5t4 boys1 & #ad4cf p] c5t4 girls4 ,villages h #f4ge p] c5t4 boys1 & #ab4bf p] c5t4 girls4 ,op5 c\ntry *ur*es h #h4ai p] c5t4 boys1 & #i4bf p] c5t4 girls4 ,"o reason = ! small numb] ( "y p is t _m grew up )\t ! ,*ur*4 ,! *ildr5 n[ gr[+ up h bett] *ur* opportunities4 ,! hope ( ! ,*ur* = ! future is to rea* ! *ildr54 ,! small *ur* prevails on ! ,range1 ! av]age active memb]%ip be+ only ab\t fifty-sev54 ,= ! v>i\s gr\ps1 ! active memb]%ip is z foll[s3 ,,av]age ,,active ,,memb]%ip ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,av]age ,beav]head #h #f #ha #di ,hughes #h #ci #aji #ei ,%]idan #cc #fb #ahe #aag ,union #af #cc #ff #bd ,! c\ntry *ur*es h an av]age ( eighte51 ! village *ur*es ?irty-five1 ! t[n *ur*es n9ety-"o & ! city *ur*es #ahe memb]s ea*4 ,=ty-n9e ( ! sev5ty *ur*es h fifty active memb]s or less1 & ?irty-six1 or #ea4d p] c5t41 ( ^! h less ?an tw5ty-five ea*4 ,tw5ty-"o *ur*es h ea* m ?an fifty active memb]s4 ,=ty-f\r out ( ! =ty-n9e *ur*es ( less ?an fifty memb]s are ei!r 9 villages or 9 ! op5 c\ntry4 ,all ! *ur*es ( m ?an #ajj memb]s are ei!r t[n or city *ur*es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,iii ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,iv ,x is an ackn[l$g$ fact t ! size ( memb]%ip has a good deal to d ) *ur* effici5cy2 9 a ^w1 t ! small *ur* is a los+ proposition4 ,until ! pres5t1 ! small *ur* on ! ,range has be5 a necessity because ( ! small & scatt]$ population4 ,x is only ! l>g] c5t]s t h be5 able to support good-siz$ *ur*es4 ,ev5 ) ! com+ ( irrigation1 ?is ,we/]n c\ntry w nev] be z ?ickly populat$ z ! ,ea/ or ,middle ,we/4 ,nor c a fair comp>ison be made betwe5 ! *ur*es 9 ! l>g] c5t]s 9 ! ,middle ,we/ & f> ,we/4 ,a diff]5t policy is likewise ne$$ "h because _m ( ^! c5t]s 9 ! ,we/ are surr\nd$ ) l>ge un*ur*$ areas & on t acc\nt _! *ur*es %\ld be /rategic c5t]s = a radiat+ religi\s "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,v ,9 ! matt] ( ga9 or loss 9 memb]%ip1 x is to be not$ t1 dur+ ! la/ ye>1 a little m ?an half ! *ur*es made a net ga9 9 memb]%ip1 sixte5 *ur*es broke ev5 on ! ye> & sev5te5 %[$ a net loss4 ,?us1 #c p] c5t4 ( all ! *ur*es rema9$ /ation>y1 #bd p] c5t4 lo/ 9 memb]%ip & #ec p] c5t4 ga9$4 ,( ! *ur*es ) #ej or m memb]s1 #hb p] c5t4 ga9$2 ( ^? ) less ?an #ej memb]s only #cc4c p] c5t4 ga9$4 ,sev5 hundr$ & sixty-f\r new memb]s 7 tak5 9 dur+ ! ye>4 ,=ty p] c5t4 ( ^! 7 tak5 9 by lett]1 ! re/ on confession ( fai?4 ,?is ga9 by confession 0 ab\t #ac p] c5t4 ( ! previ\s net active memb]%ip4 ,ga9 0 di/ribut$ accord+ to sex & age z foll[s3 ,adult male #ca4j ,adult female #db4d ,boys #aa4g ,girls #ad4i ,,*apt] ,,iv ,! ,*ur* ,doll> ,"o way1 ?\gh by no means ! only way1 t ! ,*ur* c judge ( its successful "w is by ! f9ancial support t x receives4 ,9 ?is ,range c\ntry ne>ly all ( ! ,*ur* doll> is rais$ locally1 except ab\t twelve c5ts donat$ t[>d *ur* "w by d5om9ational bo>ds4 ,v>i\s me?ods are us$ by ! local *ur* = rais+ ! o!r eighty-eight c5ts4 ,half ! *ur*es use a budget sy/em4 ,t is1 !y set d[n at ! beg9n+ ( ! fiscal ye> an itemiz$ budget ( ! am\nt :i* !y ne$1 on ! basis ( :i* am\nt subscriptions are obta9$ f ea* *ur* memb] or family4 ,tw5ty-five *ur*es f9ance all _! "w ?is way & t5 *ur*es budget only _! local ne$s4 ,?irty-two *ur*es make an annual e-memb] canvass1 i4e41 e memb] is ask$ regul>ly ea* ye> to contribute some?+ t[>d ! *ur*4 ,weekly envelopes1 9 s+le or duplex =m1 are us$ 9 tw5ty-f\r *ur*es4 ,=ty *ur*es c be said to h a sy/em ( regul>1 frequ5t paym5ts4 ,! re/ ( ! *ur*es dep5d ^u v>i\s comb9ations ( qu>t]ly or annual paym5ts1 plate collections at s]vices1 baza>s & o!r money-rais+ devices4 ,incid5tally1 ! ,ladies ,aid & ,mission>y ,societies are real /&-bys 9 ! matt] ( *ur* upkeep & b5evol5ces4 ,9 fully half ! *ur*es1 wom5's organizations und]take to raise "s "p ( ! *ur* exp5ses 9 v>i\s ways1 f regul> weekly contributions to di/ribut+ bags to be fill$ ) p5nies = e ye> ( ! contributor's age1 or by mak+ gayly color$ hold]s at ?ree c5ts ea*4 ,ne>ly "o hundr$ ?\s& doll>s 7 rais$ by ! #c1ief active memb]s 9 ! ye> ( ! survey4 ,?is is ! real ?rill ( ! *ur* doll>4 ,! total am\nt ( ! budget rais$ on ! field by sixty-eight ( ! sev5ty *ur*es#c 0 #ig1ega4ih4 ,( ?is am\nt #gj1iaj4gd1 or little less ?an ?ree-f\r?s1 0 procur$ by subscriptions2 #i1dfd4bd1 or slightly less ?an "o-t5?1 by collections1 & ! balance ( ! #ag1aig4jj by miscellane\s means4 ,?is is an av]age am\nt p] *ur* ( #iij4be4 ,"h aga9 x is cle> t ! l>g] ! memb]%ip ( a *ur*1 ! great] ! impetus f )9 = fur!r gr[? & activities4 ,?is condition is evid5t 9 ! v>i\s *ur* campaigns4 ,! city *ur*es raise m ?an twice z mu* z ! *ur*es 9 ! t[n1 village or c\ntry1 b ) _! l>g] memb]%ip !re is n a correspond+ dra9 on ! individual4 ,?us1 ! city & village *ur* memb]s give ab\t ! same1 #bd4hg & #bd4dg respectively p] ye>2 ! t[n memb]s give #bi4fc2 ! c\ntry memb]s1 ) few] build+s1 few] s]vices1 & less resid5t m9i/]s to ma9ta9 ?an ! memb]s 9 ! c5t]s1 pay #af4ab ea*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,vi ,figures ref] to total am\nt rais$ & sp5t1 includ+ ,home ,mission ,aid4 ,consid]+ t ne>ly half ! *ur*es raise _! money haphaz>dly1 ! av]age contribution p] *ur* & p] memb]1 9 ^! f\r c\nties on ! ,range1 is mo/ enc\rag+4 ,( c\rse1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t #aiai-aibj came at ! end ( ! fat ye>s1 & h>d ^u ?is prosp]\s p]iod foll[$ ! lean "o ( high freight rates & l[ prices = f>m products4 ,*ur* f9ances dep5d 9 "p ^u ! practical pres5tation ( ! f9ancial ne$s ( ! ,*ur*1 & ^u education 9 ,*ri/ian /ew>d%ip--i4e41 9 le>n+ ! value ( *ur* "w at home & abroad4 ,b !re is ano!r side to ! "q :i* is q z vital4 ,is ! ,*ur* r5d]+ a real s]vice to ! community1 & has x an adequate & wor?-:ile m9i/ry8 ,aft] all1 p _c be expect$ to give m ?an !y receive 9 s]vice4 ,n q all ! money 0 sp5t4 ,9 ea* gr\p !re 0 a small surplus2 #he4jj = ! c\ntry *ur*es1 #fd4bd = ! village1 #fd4jj = ! t[n1 & #cfe4hi = ! city *ur*es4 ,( ! total am\nt sp5t1 #da1bfh4gi1 or ab\t #dc p] c5t41 paid sal>ies1 #bd1feg4ee1 or #be p] c5t41 0 giv5 to missions & b5evol5ces1 & ! rema9+ #cb p] c5t4 0 us$ = local exp5ses & upkeep4 ,! total am\nt giv5 to b5evol5ces av]ages #f4bg a ye>4 ,all ! money sp5t av]ages #bd4fg p] resid5t active memb]1 a good record inde$ = a home/ead+ c\ntry4 ,! "q ( b5evol5ces is important because _m *ur*es (f] no o!r means to _! memb]s ( le>n+ & practis+ unselfi% giv+ & s]vice4 ,"o ( ! /&>ds adopt$ by ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t 0 t ! am\nt giv5 to b5evol5ces %\ld at lea/ equal #be p] c5t4 ( ! total am\nt sp5t4 ,! proportion ( all money rais$ :i* is us$ to pay sal>ies & local exp5ses is high] 9 c\ntry & village *ur*es1 :ile ! proportion giv5 = missions & b5evol5ces is l[] ?an 9 ! t[n & city *ur*es4 ,9 o!r words1 ! c\ntry & village *ur*es h less surplus ov] & above _! runn+ exp5ses4 ,b5evol5ces receive #ad4c p] c5t4 ( all money rais$ by ! c\ntry *ur*es1 & #ab4ge p] c5t4 ( all money rais$ by ! village *ur*es4 ,t[n *ur*es1 on ! o!r h&1 give #bc4hd p] c5t4 ( _! receipts to b5evol5ces1 & ! city *ur*es give #cc4fe p] c5t4 ,! f9ances ( city *ur*es are well proportion$1 almo/ an equal am\nt go+ = sal>ies1 missions & all o!r exp5ses4 ,home ,mission ,aid ,x has already be5 /at$ t ab\t twelve c5ts ( ! *ur* doll> come f ! d5om9ational bo>ds 9 ! =m ( ,home ,mission aid4 ,! total am\nt giv5 to ! local *ur*es 9 ! ye> prec$+ ! survey 0 #ab1icg4ej1 :i* w5t to =ty-"o *ur*es 9 am\nts v>y+ f #ej to #gej4 ,two m *ur*es w\ld h be5 receiv+ aid if !y _h _h a pa/or1 & /ill ano!r *ur* _h !re be5 a resid5t pa/or4 ,( ! =ty-"o *ur*es receiv+ aid1 two are city1 sev5 are t[n1 sev5 are village & tw5ty-five are c\ntry *ur*es4 ,( c\rse1 "s ( ^! *ur*es1 9 _! turn1 h& back money to o!r bo>ds 9 ! =m ( missions & b5evol5ces4 ,all ! city *ur*es give #ac1chb4jd 9 b5evol5ces & missions & receive #b1ajj2 all ! t[n *ur*es give #h1cjd4if & receive #c1jce2 ! village *ur*es give #a1fej & receive #c1fej1 & ! c\ntry *ur*es give #a1cbj & receive #d1aeb4 ,by c\nties1 ,beav]head gets back #df4h p] c5t4 ( :at %e gives1 ,hughes gets back #dg4c p] c5t41 ,%]idan #cg4b p] c5t41 :ile ,union is ! only c\nty :i* receives m ?an %e gives--#bd4d p] c5t4 ,! *ur*es :i* receive aid s5d back to ! bo>ds #b1hgb4gi4 ,9 a ^w1 ! *ur*es s5d money to ! *ur* bo>ds1 :o 9 turn remit ?is money4 ,?is w\ld seem a /range /ory to "s "o n v]s$ 9 *ur* e?ics & d5om9ational proc$ure4 ,b giv+ & s]v+ is "o ( ! fundam5tal ideas ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & money giv5 = missions & b5evol5ces is good tra9+ z well z def9itely a s]vice to humanity4 ,! ,range has always be5 ,home ,mission t]ritory2 ju/ifiably too1 because home/ead]s h n be5 able to pay = religi\s m9i/ry4 ,a home/ead]'s bit is h>d e>n$ en\gh1 & seldom adequate to 8 ne$s4 ,nev]!less1 ! problem ( f9ancial aid is always a s]i\s "o4 ,subsidization ( p]sons z well z in/itutions mu/ be wisely h&l$ or moral det]ioration is likely to set 94 ,! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 nev] subsidizes a c\nty = its rural "w4 ,if ! c\nty _c pay1 x mu/ d )\t ! "w4 ,ord9>ily1 sev]al c\nties comb9e = rural ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 "w & h "o secret>y among !m4 ,an excell5t grad+ sy/em = _! aid$ fields has be5 work$ out by ! ,presbyt]ian ,home ,mission ,bo>d4#d ,"o ( ! fir/ que/ions consid]$ is ! prospect ( self-support4 ,h[ f> has x be5 ! policy ( ! ,bo>ds to help a *ur* to a /atus ( self-support8 ,=ty-f\r ( ! sev5ty active *ur*es h _h aid dur+ ! la/ ?irty ye>s4 ,only f\r ( ^! *ur*es are n[ self-support+4 ,x has already be5 po9t$ out t ?ree *ur*es did n receive aid dur+ ! ye> prec$+ ! survey because !y lack$ pa/ors4 ,developm5t t[>d self-support has evid5tly n be5 a crit]ion ( ! ,bo>ds 9 grant+ money4 ,ano!r te/ is :e!r ! field is a /rategic s]vice opportunity--ei!r allocat$ to ?is d5om9ation or a field pres5t+ a unique ne$4 ,"s ( ! *ur*es fall )9 su* a classification4 ,a total ( ab\t #bjg1agj has be5 receiv$1 giv5 by elev5 d5om9ations4 ,city *ur*es h receiv$ #dj1hej1 t[n *ur*es #fg1dfe1 village *ur*es #dg1dcj & c\ntry *ur*es #ea1dbe4 ,( ! total am\nt1 #dd1ihj has gone to fifte5 /rategic s]vice *ur*es4 ,9 addition1 f\r ( ! aid$ *ur*es receiv+ #bg1jjj s]ve special gr\ps ( population1 ( :i* "o is ,sw$i%1 "o ,norwegian1 & two are ,g]man ,lu!ran *ur*es4 ,!re rema9 ?irty *ur*es receiv+ #acf1aij4 ,?ree *ur*es1 receiv+ #f1hcj1 are ! only ones 9 _! community4 ,all ! re/ are 9 communities ) o!r *ur*es1 at lea/ "o ( :i* 9 ea* case is aid$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,neglect$ ,,outpo/ ,,( ,,*ri/ianity ,a village *ur* 9 ! c5t] ( a l>ge unevangeliz$ area1 s]v$ by a m9i/] liv+ ?irty-five miles away4 ,aid ,misappli$ ,"s aid has v evid5tly be5 grant$ )\t a def9ite und]/&+ on ! "p ( ! bo>d z to :e!r o!r *ur*es 7 conc]n$1 :e!r ! community c\ld really support a *ur*1 :e!r1 aft] all1 x 0 good s5se to assi/ a *ur* 9 t p>ticul> situation4 ,n v mu* money has be5 sp5t4 ,m c\ld h be5 us$ to advantage4 ,z ,h4 ,paul ,d\glass says 9 ,f ,survey to ,s]vice1 ,x is 9 ! nature ( ! case t ! conque/ ( di/ance by ! ,gospel w take v disproportionate am\nts ( money comp>$ ) o!r =ms ( missions4 ,x c be *eap only :5 x is adequate4 ,! policy has too (t5 be5 to help keep alive a great _m /ruggl+ *ur*es :i* did little to ju/ify support1 r ?an to develop a small] numb] ( *ur*es 9 great] ne$ ( help 9 a poorly *ur*$ area4 ,9 o!r words1 ! policy has be5 "o ( d5om9ational expansion r ?an ( d5om9ational conc5tration & demon/ration4 ,home ,mission aid too (t5 creates futile competition )9 a community by support+ a *ur* = selfi% d5om9ational purposes4 ,"s ( ^! *ur*es 7 bett] dead1 & !y w\ld h di$ ( natural causes b = ,home ,mission aid4 ,!re are good & bad in/ances ( d5om9ational help4 ,"o d5om9ation has aid$ ?ree *ur*es = ?irty ye>s1 b has n help$ any "o ( !m = ! la/ t5 ye>s4 ,!y _h rea*$ a self-support+ /atus4 ,b1 :5 a d5om9ation lavi%es #ah1jjj ( ,home ,mission aid 9 keep+ alive a *ur* 9 a village ( #aej population1 :]e !re is also ano!r *ur*1 & :5 ! village is situat$ ne> to a l>ge1 well-*ur*$ c5t]1 su* aid is wa/$4 ,! same d5om9ation fails to give ) lib]ality to a f> ne$i] case1 ! only ,prote/ant *ur* 9 a small village1 a railroad c5t]1 locat$ fairly 9 ! c5t] ( a l>ge unevangeliz$ area4 ,9 "o ( its valleys1 a resid5t rec5tly rem>k$ t !y _h he>d no prea*+ = tw5ty ye>s4 ,?is in/ance ( neglect is 9 ,montana1 & ! t]ritory has be5 allocat$ to ?is d5om9ation s9ce #aiai1 s t o!r *ur*es are keep+ _! h&s (f4 ,yet ?is *ur*1 :i* _h a resid5t pa/or until two ye>s be=e ! "t ( ! survey1 is n[ be+ s]v$ by a pa/or ( a t[n *ur* liv+ ?irty-five miles away :o prea*es !re on a week-day night4 ,no prea*+ on ,sunday1 no pa/oral "w1 obvi\sly no community "w 9 ! village & no t\* at all on ! di/ricts outside ( ! village6 ,h[ well c\ld ! lavi% aid ( #ah1jjj h be5 put to use 9 ?is *ur*less area6 ,?is desp]ate condition ne$s z mu* aid e ye> z all ! ,bo>ds give all =ty-"o aid$ *ur*es at pres5t4 ,in/ead1 ?is *ur* has be5 allocat$ to "o d5om9ation1 & is n[ gett+ less att5tion ?an be=e4 ,?is case con/itutes an abuse ( ! pr9ciple ( allocation4 ,,*apt] ,v ,to ,measure ,*ur* ,effectiv5ess ,add memb]s contribut+ to ! support ( an organization to a probable m9i/] & possibly to a build+ & y h ! gr\nd-plan ( ! av]age *ur* 9 ?is ,we/]n c\ntry4 ,:at1 !n1 is ! *ur* program8 ,h[ are ! *ur*es attempt+ to s]ve _! memb]s1 & j h[ mu* are !y contribut+ ?r\gh _! program & activities to ! life ab\t !m1 t[>d br++ ab\t a g5u9e ,*ri/ianization ( a community life8 ,religi\s values1 x is true1 are spiritual & _c be tabulat$ 9 /ati/ical tables4 ,?is fact is z fully recogniz$ z ! coroll>y t circum/ances (t5 limit ideals4 ,:at ! *ur*es are do+1 h[ev]1 ought to be a fair te/ ( _! und]ly+ purpose4 ,9 a ^w1 !n1 :at d !y consid] _! job & are !y putt+ x across8 ,opportunities = ,wor%ip ,all ! *ur*es h s]vices = ! prea*+ ( ,god's ^w1 b x has already become evid5t 9 ! prec$+ pages t 9 c]ta9 sections ( ! ,range c\ntry ! ,*ur*1 ev5 z a social factor1 is reg>d$ r z a curiosity by ! m54 ,an amus+ /ory ) a ,bret ,h>te flavor is told ( an e>ly meet+ 9 ,beav]head ,c\nty4 ,! hall 9 ,gl5dale1 a busy place !n1 ) banks1 re/aurants1 ev5 a pap]1 0 fill$ ) a r\gh-&-ready audi5ce ( m9]s & c[boys li/5+ to a lant]n lecture4 ,va/ly delight$ ov] ! trick1 "o man aft] ano!r quietly rose f 8 seat & /epp$ out ( ! w9d[4 ,:5 ! prea*] end$ 8 talk & ! hall light$ up n a s\l rema9$ b himself4 ,! next day1 h[ev]1 8 audi5ce made x "r4 ,!y pass$ a hat & collect$ #cjj = him4 ,z has be5 not$1 m ?an half ( ! *ur* build+s are adapt$ to prea*+ & no?+ else1 n9ete5 *ur*es1 ( necessity1 hold+ _! meet+s 9 s*ool h\ses4 ,! frequ5cy ( s]vices v>ies4 ,! l>g] c5t]s h an abundance ( *ur* meet+s4 ,all b two ( ! t[n & two ( ! city *ur*es h two prea*+ s]vices ea* ,sunday4 ,b only ?ree c\ntry & two village *ur*es are s =tunate4 ,two additional *ur*es1 "o a village & "o a t[n *ur*1 h ! advantage ( two s]vices a ,sunday because !y unite regul>ly ) o!r *ur*es ne> !m1 bo? ( :i* hold two s]vices a ,sunday4 ,illu/ration3 ,,n ,a ,,/ore ,,b ,a ,,*ur* ,*ri/ian ,*ur* at ,des ,mo9es1 ,union ,c\nty4 ,=ty-five ( ! sev5ty *ur*es h less ?an two s]vices a ,sunday4 ,( ?irty *ur*es1 tw5ty-five c\ntry & five village *ur*es1 ea* has less ?an f\r s]vices a mon?4 ,^? locat$ 9 ! l>g] well-*ur*$ c5t]s h an ample numb] ( s]vices1 :ile ! majority ( *ur*es ) less ?an two s]vices a ,sunday are c\ntry *ur*es4 ,yet mo/ ( ^! are hold+ ! only s]vice 9 _! community4 ,sev5ty-?ree & five-t5?s p] c5t4 ( all ! c\ntry *ur*es h less ?an f\r s]vices ea* mon?1 & #dd p] c5t4 h only "o s]vice or ev5 less4 ,all b "o ( ! eighte5 *ur*es ) only "o s]vice or less p] mon? are c\ntry *ur*es4 ,t5 *ur*es hold special musical s]vices4 ,mid-week pray] meet+s are held by sixte5 ( ^? :i* h two s]vices ea* ,sunday1 b by only "o ( ! =ty-five *ur*es 9 ! gr\p hold+ ! few] numb] ( s]vices4 ,except 9 w9t]1 ! *ief h&icap to att5dance 9 ,beav]head & ,%]idan lies 9 ! rugg$ l&scape4 ,c\ntry memb]s 9 all ! c\nties h real difficulty 9 gett+ to *ur* ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,mo/ ( !m h long di/ances to g1 & ! roads make travel difficult 9 w9t] & e>ly spr+4 ,9 summ]1 hay+ is c>ri$ on v g5]ally sev5 days ( ! week1 & *ur* att5dance is a problem ev5 if ! *ur* s]vice is held at night4 ,! aggregate mon?ly att5dance is #ah1ccg & z ! total numb] ( s]vices is #bhf1 ! av]age att5dance p] s]vice is ab\t sixty-five p]sons1 l[ en\gh1 b high] ?an ! av]age active memb]%ip p] *ur*1 :i* is ab\t fifty-six4 ,av]age seat+ capacity1 active memb]%ip & att5dance comp>e z foll[s3 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,vii ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,total ,av]age seat+ capacity #abie #aggf #bhe #dcf #bcc ,av]age active memb]%ip #ah #cf #ia #aif #ef ,av]age att5dance at s]vices #cd #cg #gb #aab #fe ,x is evid5t f ! table above t ! *ur*es are only ab\t "o-f\r? fill$ on ! av]age4 ,no?+ is m di%e>t5+ ?an a *ur* ?ree-qu>t]s empty 9 :i* ! e*oes ( ! m9i/]'s voice rev]b]ate ov] ! vacant seats4 ,union ,s]vices ,tangible evid5ce ( cooep]ation & good-w among *ur*es ( diff]5t d5om9ations is f\nd 9 union s]vices1 :i* ?irty-eight *ur*es might reasonably hold 9 ^! c\nties4 ,j tw5ty-"o ( ^! *ur*es d unite1 ! majority = ,?anksgiv+ ,day s]vices & 9 few] in/ances1 = ,*autauqua1 ,baccalaureate1 ,memorial ,day1 & summ] ev5+ s]vices4 ,9 two in/ances1 two *ur*es1 ,me?odi/ & ,presbyt]ian1 are unit+ = s]vices & ,sunday s*ools1 _! o!r organizations meet+ sep>ately4 ,s9ce ! "t ( ! survey1 two *ur*es1 locat$ 9 an ov]*ur*$ hamlet1 h also tempor>ily put ?is plan into effect4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,case ,,( ,c,o,oe,p,e,r,a,t,i,o,n ,! ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur* at ,blunt1 ,s4 ,d41 :i* be+ pa/orless jo9$ ) ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* = prea*+ s]vices4 ,evangelism ,a great] portion ( ! evangeli/ic "w is done ?r\gh revival meet+s1 al?\gh less ?an half ( ! *ur*es hold !m4 ,( all ! memb]s admitt$ on confession ( fai? by all ! *ur*es dur+ ! ye>1 #gf p] c5t4 7 conv]t$ 9 revival meet+s1 & jo9$ "o ( ! *ur*es hold+ su* a revival4 ,?irty-"o ( ! sev5ty *ur*es held or unit$ 9 ?irty su* meet+s1 "o be+ a union meet+ ( two *ur*es4 ,pa/ors conduct$ fifte5 meet+s1 9 ?ree ( :i* a neighbor+ pa/or or evangeli/ assi/$4 ,f\rte5 meet+s 7 held by visit+ cl]gym54 ,! meet+s 7 well att5d$1 ext5d+ f sev5 to ?irty-five days1 ! av]age meet+ la/+ ?irte5 days4 ,eighty-sev5 p] c5t4 ( ! #che conv]ts & ! ?irte5 :o 7 reclaim$ jo9$ ! *ur*es hold+ ! revival4 ,?is ga9 am\nt$ to #gb p] c5t4 ( ! total ga9 9 memb]%ip made by ^! same ?irty-"o *ur*es dur+ ! entire ye>4 ,=ty-f\r p] c5t4 ( all ! *ur*es held revivals1 & :ile !y repres5t only #de p] c5t4 ( ! total h>ve/ by confession & lett]1 yet ?ree-f\r?s ( all ! ga9 made by confession ( fai? 7 obta9$ by ^! *ur*es4 ,! c\ntry *ur*es held sev5te5 meet+s1 av]ag$ f\r new memb]s ea*1 & made #bj p] c5t4 ( ! total ga94 ,! village *ur*es held five meet+s & ! t[n *ur*es held f\r meet+s1 bo? av]ag+ five new memb]s ea*1 ! village *ur*es mak+ #h p] c5t4 ( ! total ga9 & ! t[n *ur*es #f p] c5t4 ,! city *ur*es held only f\r meet+s1 av]ag$ ab\t fifty-sev5 new memb]s ea* & realiz$ "o-?ird ( ! total ga9 made4 ,*ildr5 & ! ,*ur*es ,sunday s*ools are ! big hope ( ?is c\ntry4 ,"y p & old] p are n s mu* int]e/$ 9 ! ,*ur* & religion because s _m h gr[n up )\t x1 b ! *ildr5 h _h m *ance to "k ! ,*ur*4 ,sunday s*ools are to-day ! mo/ frequ5t =m ( *ur* "w 9 ^! ,we/]n c\nties4 ,!y are especially hopeful because s _m ( !m ov]-ride d5om9ational l9es & unionize2 also because !y p]si/ :5 all o!r *ur* _s seems to be dead4 ,fifty-six *ur*es h ,sunday s*ools ( _! own1 & "o city *ur* has a mission ,sunday s*ool 9 addition to its own4 ,two gr\ps ( two *ur*es ea* comb9e _! ,sunday s*ools4 ,only ?ree *ur*es nei!r ma9ta9 _! own ,sunday s*ools nor help ) a union s*ool4 ,?irty-sev5 union ,sunday s*ools are be+ c>ri$ on 9 ! f\r c\nties1 n9e ( :i* h ! assi/ance ( *ur* organizations meet+ 9 ! same build+4 ,?ree are locat$ 9 m9+ camp villages1 ! re/ 9 small hamlets or op5 c\ntry4 ,^! union s*ools h a f\r? ( ! total ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t4 ,p on ran*es & f> f t[n />t ,sunday s*ools "u local lead]%ip )\t wait+ = *ur*es to be organiz$4 ,:5 a newcom] s5ds 8 *ildr5 to ,sunday s*ool x is (t5 ! only contact made ) religi\s activity 9 ! new c\ntry4 ,! indep5d5t ,sunday s*ool has1 !re=e1 9 a s5se1 a great] responsibility ?an ! *ur* ,sunday s*ool4 ,! importance ( ! ,sunday s*ool is br\ght out 9 a comp>ison betwe5 ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t & resid5t *ur* memb]%ip4 ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,numb] ( *ur*es #cd #ad #ac #i #gj ,numb] ( ,sunday s*ools #ef #ad #ab #aj #ib ,total resid5t *ur* memb]%ip #gde #efc #a1chi #b1bgb #d1ifi ,total enrollm5t ( *ur* ,sunday s*ools #hig #gca #a1dcj #a1dge #d1ecc ,total enrollm5t ( all ,sunday s*ools #b1cgc #hbi #a1dcj #a1dge #f1ajg ,av]age enrollm5t ( all ,sunday s*ools #db #ei #aai #adg #fg ,av]age att5dance ( all ,sunday s*ools #bh #dj #gi #ajd #ej ,! enrollm5t ( *ur* ,sunday s*ools is l>g] ?an ! total *ur* memb]%ip 9 ,union ,c\nty1 & l>g] ?an resid5t *ur* memb]%ip 9 ,beav]head1 ,hughes or ,union4 ,! total enrollm5t ( all ,sunday s*ools is #bc p] c5t4 high] ?an ! total resid5t *ur* memb]%ip4 ,)\t ! ,union ,c\nty ,sunday s*ools ?is enrollm5t equals only #ia p] c5t4 ( ! resid5t *ur* memb]%ip4 ,?irty-five *ur*es h a l>g] ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t ?an resid5t *ur* memb]%ip2 all n9e *ur*es help+ ) ,union ,sunday s*ools h a small] memb]%ip ?an ! ,union s*ool enrollm5t4 ,?is discrepancy is high 9 "s *ur*es4 ,= example1 a c\ntry *ur* has ?irty-five enroll$ 9 ! ,sunday s*ool & only eight *ur* memb]s2 a village *ur* ) sixty-five enroll$ 9 its ,sunday s*ool has sev5 *ur* memb]s2 a t[n *ur* has fifte5 *ur* memb]s & #aej enroll$ 9 its ,sunday s*ool4 ,c\ntry & village ,sunday s*ools %[ ! be/ record4 ,! total enrollm5t ( all c\ntry ,sunday s*ools1 includ+ ! ,union s*ools1 is m ?an ?ree times z high z *ur* memb]%ip4 ,! enrollm5t ( all village ,sunday s*ools is ab\t #dg p] c5t4 high] ?an village *ur* enrollm5t4 ,!re are no ,union ,sunday s*ools 9 ! t[ns or city4 ,except 9 ! city ! av]age ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t exce$s av]age resid5t *ur* memb]%ip1 ! advantage be+ tw5ty-two = ! c\ntry s*ools1 n9ete5 = ! village1 & twelve = ! t[n s*ools4 ,! av]age city *ur* memb]%ip1 h[ev]1 exce$s av]age ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t by #aje4 ,:5 ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t is high] ?an *ur* memb]%ip1 x is ord9>ily enc\rag+ z a promise ( future gr[?4 ,b ! l>ge discrepancies betwe5 village & op5 c\ntry *ur* memb]%ip & ,sunday s*ool enrollm5t1 c\pl$ ) ! l[ p]c5tage ( "y p 9 _! *ur* memb]%ips1 %[ t ^! *ur*es are n recruit+ new memb]s f _! ,sunday s*ools z !y might4 ,nor are ! *ur*es relat+ !mselves to any ext5t to ! sep>ate ,sunday s*ools 9 outly+ sections4 ,?is c be done1 & is mo/ successful 9 a few cases4 ,= example1 ! ,apa*e ,valley ,sunday ,s*ool1 :i* meets on ,sunday aft]noons at a s*oolh\se 9 ,union ,c\nty1 is be+ fa!r$ by two m9i/]s f ,clayton1 six miles away1 :o g out on alt]nate ,sundays4 ,?is ,sunday s*ool is live & fl\ri%+4 ,x ma9ta9s a high p]c5tage ( att5dance & c>ries on v>i\s activities4 ,att5dance 9 g5]al is good4 ,! p]c5tage ( enrollm5t repres5t$ 9 ! att5dance on a typical ,sunday v>ies f #ff4g p] c5t4 = ! t[n to #gj4h p] c5t4 = ! city s*ools4 ,yet only tw5ty-five s*ools make def9ite ef=ts to increase _! att5dance4 ,! v>i\s me?ods us$ are conte/s su* z a competitive ,boys' & ,girls' day1 a fall ,rally ,day1 c>ds1 rew>ds & prizes1 a ,bann] ,class1 a ,look-out ,committee & ! ,cross & ,cr[n ,sy/em4 ,dur+ ! ye> prec$+ ! survey1 #afh pupils jo9$ ! *ur*es f ! ,sunday s*ools1 & !re 7 sev5 probation]s at ! "t ! survey 0 made4 ,decision ,day 0 held 9 f\r c\ntry1 "o village1 five t[n & f\r city s*ools4 ,! results 7 meag]4 ,only ?irty-five decl>$ = *ur* memb]%ip4 ,n9e t[n & city s*ools h classes to prep>e = *ur* memb]%ip1 eight s*ools h s5t tw5ty s*ol>s into "s k9d ( ,*ri/ian "w dur+ ! la/ t5 ye>s4 ,a c\ntry ,sunday s*ool 9 ,hughes ,c\nty has %[n :at c be done 9 ?is respect4 ,x has s5t five "y p into ,*ri/ian s]vice dur+ ! la/ t5 ye>s1 & five m 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( ! s*ool4 ,x is significant t "o consecrat$ pa/or has s]v$ ?is ,sunday s*ool & *ur* dur+ ?is entire "t4 ,cradle ,rolls are ano!r excell5t me?od ( enli/m5t4 ,yet ^! are kept 9 only tw5ty-six s*ools4 ,! total enrollm5t is #dgc4 ,"o ( ! greate/ ne$s ( ?is c\ntry is m local & bett] tra9$ lead]%ip1 n only = ,sunday s*ools b = ! community at l>ge4 ,! only def9ite tra9+ = lead]%ip is eight ,tea*] ,tra9+ classes1 held 9 two city1 f\r t[n1 "o village & "o c\ntry s*ool4 ,mission /udy is c>ri$ on 9 sev5te5 s*ools m or less frequ5tly1 sev]al additional s*ools annually pres5t+ ! cause ( missions4 ,"o city s*ool has a f\r-day in/itute = ! /udy ( ,sunday s*ool me?ods & missions4 ,tw5ty-n9e s*ools make regul> mission>y (f]+s1 & sev5 take !m once a ye>4 ,twelve s*ools h libr>ies ) an av]age ( sev5ty-?ree volumes ea*4 ,eighty-?ree s*ools give out ,sunday s*ool pap]s4 ,!re are #ejg classes1 an av]age ( ab\t twelve p] class4 ,prop] prep>ation is "o ( ! greate/ ne$s ( ! ,sunday s*ools 9 ^! c\nties4 ,mu* ( ! in/ruction is haphaz>d & indiff]5t4 ,m5 tea* #abc classes & #bf4f p] c5t4 ( ! total enrollm5t4 ,ord9>ily1 ! man tea*]1 if !re is "o1 takes ! adult class at ! exp5se ( ! gr[+ boy :o ne$s him m ?an ! adults4 ,grad$ lessons are us$ exclusively 9 t5 s*ools & tw5ty o!rs use !m 9 "s classes4 ,sev5te5 s*ools h organiz$ classes4 ,sixty-six s*ools are op5 ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,! pa/or is sup]9t5d5t 9 six s*ools1 tea*] 9 fifte51 sub/itute tea*] 9 "o1 helps 9 n9ete51 is a /ud5t 9 two1 & 9 "o reports 8 job z sup]9t5d5t2 tea*] & janitor4 ,social ev5ts = ! ,sunday s*ools mean picnics1 class p>ties1 & sometimes a real ice cream sociable4 ,ab\t "o-?ird ( ! s*ools h a reasonable am\nt ( social activity1 :ile sixte5 report a great deal4 ,fifty-sev5 s*ools h picnics1 & great ev5ts !y are1 too1 ) m cakes & pies & goodies ( all sorts ?an ! community is likely to see aga9 = ano!r ye>4 ,"o or m classes h socials1 p>ties & hikes 9 sev5te5 s*ools 7f\r village1 n9e t[n & f\r city74 ,! ,anti-,kants is an int]e/+ class ( "y wom54 ,e "t "o ( ! class becomes engag$1 !re is a p>ty & a %[]1 call$ a graduation4 ,tw5ty graduations h tak5 place 9 ! hi/ory ( ! class4 ,ab\t half ( ! s*ools h programs = special days1 especially = ,*ildr5's ,day1 ,*ri/mas & ,ea/]4 ,"o ,union s*ool has an ,ea/] picnic & egg-hunt4 ,n9ete5 s*ools h mix$ socials1 su* z p>ties1 indoor picnics1 ice cream supp]s & ent]ta9m5ts4 ,"o t[n s*ool has a weekly social4 ,! only special ,sunday s*ool organizations are a ,*oir ,association & ,sunday s*ool a?letic teams 9 ?ree t[n *ur*es :i* play competitive games4 ,tw5ty report no social life ( any sort 9 connection ) _! s*ools4 ,!y d n ev5 h a picnic to liv5 ?+s up4 ,illu/ration3 ,,happy ,,little ,,picnick]s ,! ,bapti/ ,mission at ,kle5burg1 ,wyom+1 does good "w = ! kiddies4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,good ,,"t ,,0 ,,_h ,,by ,,all ,a ,sunday ,s*ool class picnic 9 ,union ,c\nty4 ,o!r ,*ur* ,organizations ,v>i\s o!r organizations h be5 develop$ )9 ! *ur*es = bus9ess1 educational & social purposes4 ,wom5 h a great _m1 m5 h v few4 ,fifty-six wom5's organizations are c>ri$ on 9 ?irty-sev5 *ur*es1 ( :i* n9e are village & n9e c\ntry *ur*es4 ,!re are tw5ty-eight ,ladies' ,aids1 ?irte5 ,mission>y ,societies & v>i\s ,guilds1 ,circles1 ,auxili>ies1 a ,manse ,society1 a ,k+'s ,daught]s1 an ,adelphian & a ,dorcas4 ,! total enrollm5t is #a1fhb1 or ab\t #gj p] c5t4 ( ! total female resid5t *ur* memb]%ip ov] tw5ty-"o1 & #ag p] c5t4 ( ! total female population ag$ f eighte5 to =ty-f\r1 9 ! f\r c\nties4 ,! att5dance av]ages ab\t tw5ty-"o to ea* organization4 ,9 sorry contra/ to ?is array1 m5's organizations numb] only sev51 & all are connect$ ) city or t[n *ur*es 9 ,pi]re1 ! c\nty seat ( ,hughes ,c\nty4 ,! enrollm5t is #cjj1 or #bg p] c5t4 ( ! total resid5t *ur* memb]%ip 9 city & t[n ( males ov] tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age1 & only #c p] c5t4 ( ! total male population betwe5 ! ages ( eighte5 & =ty-f\r 9 ! f\r c\nties4 ,m5 & wom5 h two organizations 9 common4 ,"o is a mission>y society :i*1 contr>y to cu/om1 %>es its endeavors ) m51 ! o!r is a dramatic club = any "o old or "y :o has dramatic ability4 ,?is int]e/+ organization gives a spl5did amateur %[ e ye>4 ,a =m] pr(essional actor1 :o also coa*es dramatics 9 ! high s*ool1 is ! coa*4 ,boys ,left ,out ,!re are only eight organizations = girls 9 sev5 t[n or city *ur*es4 ,two hundr$ & tw5ty-two1 or #db p] c5t41 ( all ! girls "u tw5ty-"o 9 ! t[n & city resid5t memb]%ip are enroll$4 ,"o is a ,fri5dly ,society1 & ! re/ are v>i\s k9ds ( guilds4 ,b boys are ! mo/ %abbily treat$ ( all4 ,!re are only f\r organizations especially = !m1 all 9 t[n *ur*es & two 9 "o *ur*1 s t only ?ree *ur*es h special clubs = _! boys4 ,! enrollm5t is sixty-n9e1 or ab\t #ba p] c5t4 ( all ! boys "u tw5ty-"o enroll$ 9 city & t[n *ur* memb]%ip4 ,boys & girls toge!r h two organizations 9 two t[n *ur*es ) a memb]%ip ( sev5ty-?ree4 ,"o is a ,junior ,league1 & ! o!r a ,junior ,bapti/ ,"y ,p's ,union4 ,"y p h tw5ty-eight organizations 9 t5 c\ntry1 ?ree village1 n9e t[n & six city *ur*es4 ,eight ( !m are ,epwor? ,leagues1 eight are ,*ri/ian ,endeavors & ! re/ are v>i\s ,"y ,p's ,societies1 ,bapti/ ,"y ,p's ,unions1 ,mission ,volunte]s1 ,"y ,p's ,alliances1 two ,*oir ,organizations & "o ,purely = ,fun ,club4 ,_! total enrollm5t ( #hcd1 toge!r ) ! memb]%ip ( ! mix$ boys' & girls' organizations1 equals #hd p] c5t4 ( ! total *ur* resid5t memb]%ip "u tw5ty-"o4#g ,m p 9 ! community are rea*$ ?r\gh ! meet+s ( ^! organizations ?an by any o!r s+le *ur* activity1 ) ! exception ( ! celebration ( special days4 ,^! meet+s are (t5 community affairs1 especially 9 ! case ( ! wom5's organizations4 ,9 tw5ty organizations1 ! att5dance exce$s ! enrollm5t4 ,! m5's clubs "w = ! *ur*1 & sev]al d practical community "w4 ,_! programs 9 all b two cases include d9n]s1 ei!r at e meet+ or at special banquets dur+ ! ye>4 ,"o club puts on a ,fa!r & ,son banquet e ye>4 ,m5's ,=um & ,ladies' ,aids ,! mo/ int]e/+ outcome ( ! "w ( any ( ! m5's organizations is ! ,m5's ,=um1 rec5tly develop$ 9 ,%]idan by ! comb9$ ,m5's ,clubs ( ! ,congregational & ,prote/ant *ur*es4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ op5 =um held 9 ,wyom+4 ,! att5dance at ! meet+s av]ag$ #djj4 ,! pr9ciples ( ! =um are z foll[s3 ,! complete developm5t ( democracy 9 ,am]ica4 ,a common meet+ gr\nd = all ! p 9 ! int]e/ ( tru? & mutual und]/&+1 & = ! cultivation ( community _s4 ,! free/ & fulle/ op5 discussion ( all vital que/ions affect+ human welf>e4 ,p>ticipation on ! "p ( ! audi5ce f ! ,=um ,floor :e!r by que/ions or discussion4 ,! fre$om ( ! ,=um managem5t f responsibility = utt]ances by speak]s f ! plat=m or floor4 ,among ! subjects pres5t$ h be5 ,community ,problems1 ,! ,*ur* & ,indu/rial ,conflict1 ,! ,gold5 ,rule 9 ,bus9ess3 ,is ,x ,practicable8 ,! ,f>m]s' ,movem5t 9 ,am]ica1 ,bol%evism1 ,fe$+ ! ,_w3 ,is ,x ,am]ica's ,job8 ,!re is no m enc\rag+ sign ( community int]e/ 9 public que/ions1 & a consci\s ef=t on ! "p ( ! ,*ur* to develop a public op9ion on social1 economic & religi\s problems4 ,illu/ration3 ,,program ,,( ,a ,,community ,,rally ,! ,ladies' ,aid is (t5 ! only woman's organization 9 ! community4 ,mo/ ( ^! clubs meet once or twice a mon?1 ) regul> programs = ,bible /udy or missions1 organize sew+ & quilt+ bees1 & baza>s1 etc4 ,! help !y give 9 *ur* f9ances has already be5 appreciat$4 ,any su* common int]e/ & responsibility holds _m an organization toge!r4 ,sev]al promote social welf>e "w4 ,"o organiz$ a ,tea*]s' ,tra9+ ,class to improve mat]ial = ,sunday s*ool tea*]s4 ,"o village has a community ,ladies' ,aid :i* works = ! *ur*1 al?\gh only a few are *ur* memb]s4 ,! community woman's club 9 a small hamlet is /udy+ missions z a "p ( its program4 ,9 "o community1 ! ,ladies' ,aid ( ! only *ur*1 :i* is pa/orless1 meets regul>ly & holds a ye>ly baza> to pay ! occasional supply prea*] & keep ! *ur* 9 repair4 ,at ! ,fronti] ,day giv5 by a ,dude ,ran*1 ! ,ladies' ,aid f a ne>by hamlet _h a boo? = sell+ hamburg]s & lemonade4 ,9 "o ( ! m9+ camps1 ! ,ladies' ,aid ( ! ,mission *ur* s5t out invitations = an aft]noon tea to raise money = a new piano = ! ,k9d]g>t54 ,x turn$ out to be a great social ev5t att5d$ by wom51 _m ( !m =eign1 f all ! camps 9 ! vic9ity4 ,"h is ano!r ,ladies' ,aid1 ! only organization 9 all t "p ( a sp>sely settl$ c\ntry1 & _m miles f t[n :i* holds eight socials a ye> & e social is a supp]4 ,^? supp]s br+ out :ole families1 & are ! bigge/ annual ev5ts4 ,is x any wond]8 ,! woman on ! ,range has a lonesome "t ( x4 ,ran*es are f> ap>t4 ,%e r>ely sees h] neighbors & less frequ5tly goes to t[n4 ,?is woman ne$s social activities m ?an h] t[n si/]4 ,yet only n9e out ( ?irty-f\r c\ntry *ur*es h wom5's organizations4 ,"y ,p's ,meet+s are g5]ally held ,sunday nights1 & ! majority hold an occasional social4 ,"o t[n ,"y ,p's organization has a successful ,bible ,/udy ,class4 ,! ,purely = ,fun ,club1 z its "n implies1 is purely social & meets twice a mon?4 ,x has a special g>d5 p>ty once a ye>4 ,?is club is "o ( ! activities ( a ,m4 ,e4 community *ur* locat$ 9 a new dry-f>m+ community :i* is hav+ a /ruggle to make bo? ends meet1 b is do+ good "w 9 t community4 ,! p are loyal1 ev5 en?usia/ic4 ,!re is n1 h[ev]1 ev5 a *ur* build+1 let alone any equipm5t = social activities4 ,a build+ is desp]ately ne$$ = *ur* & community c5t]1 nor c ! memb]s provide x !mselves4 ,cases ( ?is k9d repres5t possibilities = ! mo/ effective sort ( home mission aid4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,! ,prea*]s' ,go+s & ,com+s ,?is is a field t *all5ges a prea*]4 ,! love ( a new _w has drawn 8 pot5tial flocks & ) !m a pa/or may come to new pa/ures :]e ! satisfaction ( creative pione] "w is n its lea/ attraction4 ,settlem5ts h gr[n up almo/ ov] night4 ,p h come f all ov] ! ,ea/1 ,middle ,we/ & ,s\?we/4 ,_m families live f> f _! neighbors4 ,lead]%ip is ! *all5g+ ne$ & x is prim>ily ! task ( ! ,*ur* to furni% & develop x4 ,! initial h&icap is t "h p1 f a matt] ( habit1 d n ye>n = *ur* m9i/ry z !y d 9 o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,_! traditions d n include x4 ,x is ! prea*] :o mu/ sell ! idea ( religion & ! ,*ur*4 ,no "o else w d x4 ,he mu/ be a build] ( some?+ out ( no?+--a pione] ( ! ,gospel1 creator z well z evangeli/4 ,! ,vagrant ,m9i/] ,"o ( ! mo/ />tl+ facts br\ght out by ?is survey is ! degree to :i* ! m9i/]s h be5 transi5t4 ,always a detrim5t to effective "w1 ?is lack ( p]man5cy is especially un=tunate 9 a c\ntry ( su* rapid gr[? & s transi5t a population4 ,x takes m ?an av]age "t to w9 p's confid5ce because !y d n accept ! ,*ur* p] se4 ,!re are problems en\gh to be met :5 a prea*] hog-ties1 z ! ,we/]n slang puts x1 mean+ :5 he /ays on ! job4 ,b ! prea*]s h come & gone along ) ! re/4 ,?ree ( ! =ty-five *ur*es organiz$ = t5 ye>s or m h _h ! same prea*] ?r\gh\t ! p]iod1 & five m *ur*es h _h only two pa/ors4 ,b sev5 *ur*es h *ang$ pa/ors ?ree times1 t5 h *ang$ f\r1 sev5 h *ang$ five1 six h *ang$ six1 five h *ang$ sev51 "o has *ang$ eight & "o has *ang$ n9e times dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,ab\t half ( ! c\ntry & village *ur*es1 #ch p] c5t4 ( ! t[n1 & "o-f\r? ( ! city *ur*es h _h five or m pa/ors dur+ ! la/ t5 ye>s4 ,( ! *ur*es organiz$ )9 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 t5 h _h "o pa/or1 eight h _h two1 "o has _h ?ree1 ?ree h _h f\r1 "o has _h six1 "o has _h sev5 & two h _h no regul> pa/ors dur+ ! entire "t4 ,^! m5 h inde$ _h ! _s ( w&]lu/4 ,!y h sc>cely /ay$ long en\gh to get acqua9t$ ) _! task4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,viii ,lapses betwe5 pa/ors are reveal$4 ,! *ang+ has meant loss ( "t to ?ree-f\r?s ( ! *ur*es4 ,?us1 ( ! gr\p ( *ur*es organiz$ t5 ye>s or m1 city *ur*es h be5 vacant #b4e p] c5t4 ( ! t5 ye>s1 t[n *ur*es #f p] c5t4 ( ! "t1 village *ur*es #aa p] c5t4 & c\ntry *ur*es #ag p] c5t4 ( ! "t4 ,! *ur*es organiz$ 9 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 ( :i* ! majority are 9 small hamlets & ! op5 c\ntry1 h be5 vacant #bj p] c5t4 ( ! "t4 ,aga9 ! *ur*es 9 ! l>g] c5t]s f>e bett]4 ,di/ribution ( ,pa/ors ,! *ur*es 9 ! f\r c\nties are at pres5t be+ s]v$ by =ty m9i/]s :o h be5 a long "t 9 *ur* s]vice1 b only a %ort "t 9 _! pres5t fields4 ,_! av]age l5g? ( "t 9 _! pres5t *>ge is only two & "o-?ird ye>s4 ,twelve ( ! =ty-"o pres5t pa/ors h be5 9 _! p>i%es less ?an a ye>1 & f\rte5 m h be5 s]v+ f "o to two ye>s inclusive4 ,?irty-two m9i/]s give _! entire "t to ! m9i/ry4 ,eight h "s o!r occupation 9 addition to _! *ur* "w4 ,"o is a /ud5t1 & ! re/ are ran*]s4 ,^! eight m5 s]ve elev5 *ur*es 9 ! f\r c\nties & eight *ur*es outside4 ,?irte5 *ur*es 7 )\t regul> pa/ors at ! "t ( ! survey1 b five *ur*es 7 only tempor>ily pa/orless--transi5cy caught 9 ! act6 ,f\r ( ! ?irte5 7 be+ suppli$ by local or travell+ prea*]s1 "o a woman home/ead]4 ,! rema9+ fifty-sev5 *ur*es1 !re=e1 7 be+ s]v$ by =ty regul> m9i/]s1 & two resid5t social work]s :o take c>e ( a ,bapti/ ,mission at a m9+ village 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,! regul> m9i/]s also s]ve tw5ty *ur*es 9 o!r c\nties1 mak+ a total ( sev5ty-sev5 *ur*es1 or #a4hg *ur*es p] man4 ,?is is a slightly l[] proportion ( m9i/]s p] *ur* ?an ! region av]ages4 ,h[ ! m9i/]s are divid$ up s t !y w g ar\nd is %[n 9 ! foll[+ table4 ,! sixte5 prea*+ po9ts & missions :i* ^! same m5 also s]ve are n includ$ because 9 g5]al !y d n take ! same am\nt ( "t z a regul> *ur*4#h ,prea*]s ) ,no ,o!r ,prea*]s ) ,occupation ,o!r ,occupation ,s]v+ "o *ur* #ah 7,b-#c1 ,h-#e1 ,s-#h1 ,u-#b7 #c 7,h-#b1 ,u-#a7 ,s]v+ two *ur*es #i 7,b-#a1 ,h-#c1 ,s-#b1 ,u-#c7 #a 74441 ,u-#a7 ,s]v+ ?ree *ur*es #c 74441 ,h-#a1 ,s-#a1 ,u-#a7 #b 74441 ,u-#b7 ,s]v+ f\r *ur*es #b 74441 ,u-#b7 ,s]v+ five *ur*es #b 7444444444444444,u-#b7 -- -- ,total #cb #h ,! d5om9ational basis ( *ur* organization1 z a prec$+ *apt] %[s1 leads to an unev5 di/ribution ( *ur*es & m9i/]s4 ,if x 7 n = d5om9ational l9es1 x w\ld be possible to make a bett] di/ribution ( ! m9i/]s s z to give a l>g] proportion ( ! communities a resid5t m9i/]4 ,! c5t]s h an abundance ( m9i/]s1 b outside ! c5t]s !re are too few4 ,?us1 ?irty-?ree ( ! *ur*es h resid5t prea*]s1 b tw5ty-two1 or two-?irds1 ( ^! *ur*es are locat$ 9 c5t]s :i* h o!r resid5t m9i/]s4 ,m ?an half ( ! *ur*es ) resid5t pa/ors are t[n or city *ur*es4 ,only n9e communities h "o or m resid5t m9i/]s s]v+ a s+le *ur* on full "t4 ,"o ( ^! communities is ! city1 ?ree are ! t[ns1 "o is a village community 9 ,beav]head1 "o ! m9+ t[n ) ! two social work]s1 & ?ree are c\ntry communities4 ,only eighte5 communities h su* full-"t resid5t pa/ors4 ,t5 o!r *ur*es h pa/ors liv+ adjac5t to _! build+s1 b 9 ea* case ! pa/or also s]ves o!r *ur*es1 or has o!r occupation4 ,f\rte5 *ur*es h pa/ors liv+ f five to eighte5 miles di/ant1 f\r h m9i/]s liv+ f eighte5 to ?irty-five miles di/ant4 ,"o has its pa/or liv+ fifty miles away1 "o sixty-five & "o #abj miles4 ,f\r pa/ors live outside _! c\nties4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>t ,,ix ,an adequate p>sonage is "o means ( keep+ a resid5t pa/or4 ,ab\t half ( ! *ur*es h p>sonages4 ,( ! =ty *ur*es ) build+s1 ?irty-f\r h p>sonages & "o c\ntry pa/or has a p>sonage & no *ur* build+4 ,?ree p>sonages 7 n be+ us$ at ! "t ( ! survey4 ,! resid5ce ( pa/ors & ! di/ribution ( pa/oral s]vice h a cle> relation to gr[?4 ,! pa/or is ord9>ily responsible = ! evangeli/ic success ( ! *ur*4 ,if a pa/or is non-resid5t or has too l>ge a t]ritory to s]ve1 8 p]sonal contribution is less5$4 ,( ! *ur*es hav+ resid5t pa/ors1 two-?irds made a net ga94 ,( ^? ) non-resid5t pa/ors1 only "o-?ird ga9$4 ,pa/ors' ,sal>ies4 ,! "q ( m9i/]s' sal>ies is important4 ,inadequate sal>ies h und\bt$ly caus$ "s ( ! re/lessness among ! m9i/ry4 ,sal>ies v>y z ! m9i/] is on full or on "p "t1 z %[n 9 ! foll[+ table4 ,! full-"t "o-*ur* man comm&s a wage high] ?an ! man ) m *ur*es1 or ! man ) ano!r occupation4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,p>sonage ,,b ,,no ,,*ur* ,! ,m4 ,e4 pa/or %[n "h ) 8 wife & baby has a h\se b no *ur* build+ on 8 circuit4 ,he prea*es 9 ?ree s*ool h\ses4 ,m9i/] ,full ,"t ) ,o!r ,full ,"t ,"p ,"t ,m9i/] ,occupation ,m9i/] ,m9i/] ) ,m & ,m ) ,"o ) ,"o ,?an ,"o ,?an ,"o ,*ur* ,*ur* ,*ur* ,*ur* ,maximum sal>y #b1fej #a1eej #c1bej #a1ijj ,m9imum sal>y #fjj #hdj #hhj #ajj ,av]age #a1hce #a1aie #a1ejg #faj ,^! av]age sal>y figures may be comp>$ ) ! av]age sal>y ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 c\nty secret>ies = ! entire ,unit$ ,/ates :i* 0 #b1bfe 9 #aibj4 ,tra9+ ( ,m9i/]s ,/&>ds ( ! v>i\s d5om9ations z to ! educational qualifications ( ! m9i/]s v>y4 ,eighte5 ( ! =ty-"o pa/ors are graduates ( colleges & !ological sem9>ies2 six o!rs are college graduates1 ?ree are graduates ( sem9>ies or ,bible ,s*ools1 b h no college tra9+4 ,"o m9i/] is go+ to sem9>y4 ,t5 m9i/]s h _h no special tra9+ = ! m9i/ry4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,negro & ,indian ,"w ,racial ,cordiality ,9 ?is ,range c\ntry1 !re are n _m negroes 9 proportion to ! :ite settl]s1 & ! relations betwe5 ! races are cordial4 ,beav]head ,c\nty has tw5ty-eight negroes 9 ,dillon & ,lima communities4 ,%]idan ,c\nty has a total ( ab\t #bie4 ,a small neighborhood1 ,cat ,creek1 six miles we/ ( ! city ( ,%]idan has ab\t #bej negroes4 ,!re are six negro f>m own]s at ,cat ,creek ) f>ms ( #cbj acres ea*4 ,consid]able community _s has be5 develop$1 :i* is manife/$ by increas$ fri5dl9ess & by pride 9 ! f>ms4 ,! ,plum ,grove ,club has sixte5 memb]s1 & meets twice a mon? = discussions on crop welf>e & = social times4 ,!re is a ,sunday s*ool1 ) an enrollm5t ( fifte5 & an av]age att5dance ( t51 :i* is kept go+ = eight mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,prea*+ s]vices are held occasionally4 ,! negroes 9 ! city ( ,%]idan are h>d-work+ & indu/ri\s4 ,!y are ma9ly labor]s1 b "s h small bus9esses4 ,organizations include a ,mutual ,aid ,society ) fifty memb]s & ?ree lodges :i* are all inactive at pres5t4 ,! ,national ,association = ! ,advancem5t ( ,color$ ,p has a local bran* ) #ajj memb]s4 ,a rec5tly organiz$ ,a?letic ,club ( fifte5 memb]s hopes to bran* out into a regul> a?letic association4 ,color$ ,*ur*es ,!re are two color$ *ur*es--a ,me?odi/ ,episcopal & a ,bapti/ ,nor?4 ,! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal 0 organiz$ 9 #aijh2 ! ,bapti/ 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,bo? *ur*es h resid5t pa/ors1 s]v+ b "o po9t ea*4 ,ea* d5om9ation has a *ur* build+ & a p>sonage4 ,! comb9$ value ( ! *ur* build+s is #c1ejj1 ( ! p>sonages #ejj4 ,! ,bapti/ *ur* has rec5tly be5 rebuilt4 ,bo? *ur*es use weekly envelopes = rais+ _! money :i* am\nt$ to #b1hhg4ad la/ ye>1 #a1afd4be ( :i* 0 by subscription1 & #fhj by collection4 ,!re 0 no surplus or deficit4 ,f ?is fund #ich4gi 0 sp5t = sal>ies1 #adb4ag = missions & b5evol5ces1 & #a1ejj4jd = rebuild+ & repairs4 ,! ,bapti/ *ur* receives home mission aid ( #fjj4 ,! ,me?odi/ *ur* has ?irty-six memb]s1 hav+ made a net ga9 ( sev5 9 ! ye> prec$+ ! survey4 ,! ,bapti/ *ur* has tw5ty-six memb]s ^: memb]%ip has rema9$ con/ant4 ,! total net active memb]%ip ( ! two *ur*es is fifty-"o4 ,ea* *ur* holds eight ,sunday prea*+ s]vices a mon?4 ,bo? h ,sunday s*ools4 ,! ,me?odi/ ,sunday s*ool1 ) an enrollm5t ( sixte51 is kept go+ ! ye> r\nd2 ! ,bapti/ ,sunday s*ool1 ) an enrollm5t ( twelve1 meets = only sev5 mon?s4 ,! ,me?odi/ *ur* has ?ree o!r organizations--a ,woman's ,mission>y ,society1 a ,will+ ,work]s & ,ladies' ,aid1 & a ,lit]>y ,society = bo? sexes ) a memb]%ip ( fifty4 ,! ,bapti/s h "o organization1 a ,*ri/ian ,aid1 ) a memb]%ip ( twelve1 to :i* bo? m5 & wom5 belong4 ,"o *ur* has _h six1 ! o!r five1 pa/ors 9 ! la/ t5 ye>s4 ,! pres5t pa/ors are graduates ( bo? college & sem9>y4 ,a fri5dly feel+ exi/s betwe5 ! :ite & color$ p 9 ,%]idan1 :i* is manife/$ by a will+ness on ! "p ( ! :ite *ur*es to help ! color$4 ,! color$ m9i/]s are includ$ 9 ! ,%]idan ,m9i/]ial ,union4 ,indian ,missions ,"p ( ! ,cr[ ,creek ,indian ,res]vation ext5ds into ! s\!a/]n "p ( ,hughes ,c\nty1 & ab\t #gj p] c5t4 ( ! p liv+ 9 ?is section ( ,hughes are ,indians4 ,all are f>m]s own+ _! own l&4 ,an ,episcopal ,indian ,mission 0 e/abli%$ "h 9 #ahib4 ,! pa/or1 :o lives 9 ,=t ,?ompson1 conducts "o morn+ s]vice a mon?4 ,!re are tw5ty-six memb]s1 ( :om tw5ty-"o are active4 ,!re is no ,sunday s*ool1 b a ,ladies' ,aid ) five memb]s meets e week & has twice z l>ge an att5dance z x has enrollm5t4 ,!re is also a ,ca?olic ,mission locat$ ne> ! ,episcopal ,mission1 :i* 0 />t$ ab\t #aiaa4 ,! prie/ comes f outside ! c\nty & holds "o mass ea* mon?4 ,!re are ab\t fifte5 families 9 ! memb]%ip4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,non-,prote/ant ,"w ,roman ,ca?olic ,! ,roman ,ca?olic "w is ! /ronge/ non-,prote/ant religi\s activity 9 all ! f\r c\nties & naturally has a l>ge numb] ( =eign-born & ,spani%-,am]ican communicants 9 its p>i%es4 ,!re is a total ( tw5ty-f\r organiz$ ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,beav]head ,c\nty has two1 ,hughes ?ree1 ,%]idan five & ,union f\rte54 ,! city ( ,%]idan1 & ea* ( ! t[ns supports a ,ca?olic *ur*2 eight are locat$ 9 villages1 two ( :i* are 9 ,%]idan m9+ camps1 & twelve 9 small hamlets4 ,n9e prie/s1 sev5 ( :om live 9 ^! c\nties1 s]ve ! tw5ty-f\r *ur*es4 ,f\r *ur*es1 two 9 villages & two 9 small hamlets1 are s]v$ by prie/s liv+ outside ! c\nty4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,oasis ,,9 ,,! ,,des]t ,! gr\nds 9 :i* ?is ,ca?olic ,*ur* & p>sonage /& make ?is ! only spot ( v]dure 9 a b>r5 wa/e ext5d+ = miles on e side4 ,ea* ( ! tw5ty-f\r *ur*es has a build+4 ,!re are six prie/s' h\ses1 valu$ at #ba1jjj1 & two p>o*ial s*ool build+s4 ,! value ( *ur* build+s is e/imat$ at a total value ( #ih1hjj4 ,! total value ( *ur* prop]ty1 includ+ l&1 is #baa1jbe4 ,none ( ! *ur*es h any social equipm5t4 ,! total receipts ( all ! *ur*es la/ ye> am\nt$ to #bc1aeg4ef & ?is am\nt 0 sp5t l>gely on sal>ies & *ur* upkeep4 ,! only *ur*es receiv+ aid are two 9 ,union1 ea* ( :i* receiv$ #ejj4 ,! av]age sal>y is #hib4 ,illu/ration3 ,,roman ,,ca?olic ,,*ur*es ,,& ,,p>i%es1 ,,union ,,c\nty1 ,,new ,,mexico ,! total memb]%ip is ab\t #e1aeb1 :i* is )9 #ffh ( ! total ,prote/ant figure = sev5ty *ur*es4 ,! av]age total memb]%ip is #bae p] *ur*4 ,only ?ree ( ! tw5ty-f\r *ur*es h z few z fifty memb]s or less4 ,?irte5 *ur*es h ,cate*ism & ,confirmation classes1 ) a total enrollm5t ( #daf4 ,att5dance is high2 x equals #gg p] c5t4 ( ! enrollm5t4 ,!re are sev5te5 o!r organizations1 ?ree = m51 t5 = wom51 "o = boys1 "o = girls & two = "y p4 ,! total enrollm5t is #gga4 ,! *ur* 9 ,%]idan has a p>o*ial s*ool4 ,ca?olic *ur* memb]%ip increas$ m rapidly ?an ! ,prote/ant 9 ,beav]head & ,hughes & less rapidly 9 ,%]idan f #ahij to #aiaf1 accord+ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates religi\s c5sus4 ,9 ,union1 f #aijf to #aiaf1 ! ,prote/ant memb]%ip increas$ m rapidly ?an ! ,ca?olic4 ,ca?olic memb]%ip is great] ?an ,prote/ant memb]%ip 9 e c\nty b ,hughes4 ,!re are a total ( n9ete5 ,ca?olic mission c5t]s 9 ,union & ,beav]head4 ,p5it5tes ,!re are ab\t five gr\ps ( ,p5it5tes 9 ,union ,c\nty1 ) an av]age ( tw5ty-five memb]s ea*4 ,no wom5 belong4 ,! ,p5it5tes are all ,spani%-,am]icans & are l>gely %eep & cattle h]d]s4 ,_! small adobe & /one build+s are call$ morada4 ,meet+s are held 9 ,l5t1 on ! la/ ?ree days ( ,holy ,week4 ,dur+ ! c]emonies1 memb]s inflict p]sonal puni%m5t1 (t5 c>ry+ x to an extreme4 ,?is sect1 :i* 0 at "o "t di/ribut$ ov] ! :ole t]ritory ( ,new ,mexico1 s9ce #ahej has retreat$ t[>ds ! nor?4 ,z to _! orig91 ,twit*ell 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,new ,mexico says3 ,x is possible t ! ,p5it5tes1 p>ticul>ly by _! sc\rg+ !mselves ) :ips made ( cactus1 come f ! ord] ( ,flagellants :i* 0 a body ( religi\s p]sons :o believ$ by :ipp+ & sc\rg+ !mselves = religi\s discipl9e !y c\ld appease ! div9e wra? aga9/ _! s9s & ! s9s ( ! age4 ,! ,p5it5tes are n recogniz$ by ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,latt] ,day ,sa9ts ,dillon1 9 ,beav]head1 & ! city ( ,%]idan1 ea* h a ,mormon *ur*4 ,!re is a *ur* build+ 9 ,dillon1 & ! "o 9 ,%]idan is n[ be+ erect$4 ,!re is also an inactive *ur* at ,lima1 organiz$ 9 #aijj4 ,! ,mormon memb]%ip is eighty-five 9 ,dillon & ?irty-six 9 ,%]idan4 ,bo? *ur*es h ,sunday s*ools1 ) a total enrollm5t ( sev5ty & relief societies ) a total memb]%ip ( ?irty-five4 ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce ,!re are two ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce *ur*es1 locat$ 9 ,dillon & 9 ! city ( ,%]idan1 bo? organiz$ 9 #aiai4 ,! ,dillon *ur* meets 9 an (fice1 b ! ,%]idan *ur* has a build+ valu$ at #b1ejj4 ,! *ur* memb]%ip is ab\t #agj4 ,bo? *ur*es h ,sunday s*ools1 ) an enrollm5t ( ab\t ?irty 9 ,dillon & ab\t fifty 9 ,%]idan4 ,!osophical ,! city ( ,%]idan has a ,!osophical ,society :i* meets 9 a real e/ate (fice4 ,! memb]%ip is sev5te54 ,six new memb]s 7 tak5 9 la/ ye>4 ,meet+s are held e ,friday night4 ,two meet+s a mon? are = memb]s only1 & two are public lectures4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,see+ ,x ,:ole ,! ,range1 our la/ real fronti]1 has gr[n up4 ,r\nd-ups are m9iature & /ag$4 ,all ! l& is f5c$4 ,! c[boy is pass+1 if n gone4 ,ev5 *aps & a sombr]o are r>e1 unless worn by a ,dude f ! ,ea/4 ,! la/ #ajj ye>s h se5 a rem>kable gr[? & *ange 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! cattleman & ! c[boy h l>gely giv5 way to ! home/ead]1 & he 9 turn has become a regul> f>m] or1 z he pref]s x1 ran*]4 ,! ,l& ( ! ,home/ead] ,! c[man us$ to insi/ t no "o c\ld make a liv+ on ! semi-arid ,range4 ,= _m ye>s !re 0 no sign ( p]man5t settlem5t on ! ,pla9s & no "o ?\ght ( ?is region z fronti]4 ,!n ! ,home/ead] came4 ,& always1 j back ( ! fronti]1 says ,em]son ,h\gh 9 ,! ,pass+ ( ! ,fronti]1 advanc+1 rec$+1 cross+ x ?is way & t1 succe$+ & fail+1 hop+ & despair+1 b /eadily advanc+ 9 ! net result--has come t portion ( ! population :i* builds homes & lives 9 !m1 & :i* is n cont5t ) a blanket = a b$ & ! sky = a ro( above4 ,home/ead]s are good /ock ^u :i* to build a civilization4 ,_m ( !m are /urdy folk :o h come to ! ,we/ to e/abli% homes & ) det]m9ation are do+ s4 ,( c\rse1 !re are ! habitual drift]s :o h always be5 failures because !y nev] /ay$ long en\gh any:]e to succe$4 ,b !y prove up on _! claims & !n g else:]e1 drift+ /ill4 ,o!rs leave1 hold+ _! l& z an inve/m5t1 because !y h n f\nd ! l& or ! circum/ances up to _! expectations4 ,! free l& has gradually be5 tak5 up1 s t !re is v little ( x left 9 any "o ( ^! c\nties4 ,! population is becom+ less transi5t on ?is acc\nt4 ,m p are /ay+ because !re is no m free l&1 & no o!r new] fronti]4 ,:at1 !n1 has ! survey %[n ( ! ,range8 ,h[ has x f>$ 9 its #ajj ye>s ( gr[?8 ,:at are its assets z well z its ne$s8 ,9 a ^w1 :at has x made ( itself8 ,! v pres5ce ( real f>m-h\ses on dry f>m+ l& & mesas speaks 9 itself ( a small _w conqu]$4 ,( c\rse1 !re are f>m-h\ses 9 ! valleys4 ,b %e] grit is all t a*ieves a h\se & a b>n & a w9d-%ield ( trees out on ! mesa4 ,lumb] is exp5sive & mu/ be haul$ f ! ne>e/ m>ket4 ,trees1 s w>y ( gr[+ !re1 mu/ be wat*$1 wat]$ & c>efully t5d$ e day = ! fir/ five ye>s4 ,a home on ! pla9s means m sweat & toil & ef=t ?an a home any:]e else 9 our c\ntry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wat]+ ,,h] ,,g>d5 ,?is home/ead] ( t5 ye>s' /&+ has succe$$ 9 cultivat+ an attractive g>d5 pat* ev5 9 ! ?ir/y soil ( ,new ,mexico4 ,self-,help ! ,rule ,! developm5t ( ! ,range has be5 haphaz>d4 ,any ,l& ,company has be5 able to "w up a boom at w4 ,n ev5 misrepres5tations & unc\nt$1 unlimit$ h>d%ips h /irr$ ! ,gov]nm5t to =m & foll[ any bett] colonization policy = its unoccupi$ l&s ?an its ,home/ead laws4 ,! we/]n f>m] has nev] be5 *]i%$ by 8 ,gov]nm5t z has be5 ! ,canadian f>m]4 ,until ! comp>atively rec5t developm5t ( c\nty ag5t s]vices & ! ,f>m ,bureau1 he has _h to "w = ev]y?+ he got ) v little help f any "o4 ,an int5se economic /ruggle is beh9d ! home/ead]s4 ,!y beg9 f ! bottom up4 ,"s are j n[ beg9n+1 b = ! majority ! difficulty ( gett+ a />t is ov]4 ,b ! la/ few ye>s h be5 h>d = e f>m] & ran*] on ! ,range1 old settl] & new alike4 ,no "p ( ! c\ntry c af=d to h ! m5 on ! l& z h>d press$ z ^! m5 h be54 ,too l>ge a proportion ( ! f>ms h be5 mortgag$ = ! economic well-be+ ( a nation4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,community ,,r5dezv\s ,(t5 ! g5]al /ore is ! only ga!r+ place = neighbors miles ap>t4 ,made up l>gely ( p f ! ,middle ,we/1 ?is c\ntry has tak5 on "s ( ! *>act]i/ics ( t region--9 ! developm5t ( small & l>ge c5t]s1 & 9 ! improv$ roads & s*ools4 ,b on acc\nt ( ! nature ( ! soil1 x w be _m ye>s be=e ! ,range becomes a second ,middle ,we/1 if ev]4 ,! l& w n support z _m p p] squ>e mile4 ,mu* ( ! area w rema91 = ye>s to come1 a l& ( l>ge di/ances & comp>atively few p4 ,! future ( ! ,range is n to be summ$ up by say+1 ,g to1 ?is c\ntry w soon become a second ,middle ,we/4 ,j give x "t4 ,if y want to see neighbor ,adams1 y'll f9d him 9 t[n on ,saturday aft]noon1 mo/ l r\nd ,p]k9s' /ore4 ,su* w be ! advice giv5 9 reg>d to meet+ almo/ any f>m] liv+ 9 almo/ any "p ( ^! c\nties4 ,z roads h improv$1 & autos h come to be g5]ally us$ by ! f>m]s z a means ( transportation1 ! trade c5t]s along ! railroads1 especially ! c\nty seats1 h increas$ greatly 9 size & importance4 ,?is gr[? ( ! c5t]s is *>act]i/ic ( ! :ole ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,until aft] #ahbj less ?an #e p] c5t4 ( ! ,am]ican p liv$ 9 cities ( #h1jjj population & ov]4 ,9 #agij !re 7 b five cities 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates hav+ a population ( #h1jjj4 ,n[ a majority live 9 ! cities2 b ! ,we/ does n yet h ! urban developm5t ( ! ,ea/4 ,importance ( ! ,c\nty ,seat ,z ! c\nty seats are com+ gradually to h m ( a direct relation%ip to ! c\ntry ar\nd !m1 !y %\ld assume m responsibility t[>d _! c\nties4 ,?r\gh _! organizations & ,civic ,leagues ( bus9ess m51 ^! c5t]s are j wak+ up to ! fact t ! t[ns are dep5d5t ^u !m4 ,z "o f>m] 9 ,union ,c\nty said1 ,!re is no p]man5t prosp]ity except t bas$ on ! f>m]4 ,if our t[n is big & top-heavy & ! f>m]s are tax$ heavily to keep ! t[n up1 x is kill+ ! goose t laid ! gold5 eggs4 ,! #a1jjj f>m]s tribut>y to ,clayton mu/ pay ! bills ( ev]y?+ br\ght 9 because1 ultimately1 ! products ( ! f>m h to pay = ev]y?+4 ,:5 conditions are bad1 ! f>m] has to pay ! bill & keep go+ besides4 ,if ! developm5t ( ! future is to be s\nd ea* side w d its be/ to und]/& ! o!r4 ,a ,c5traliz$ ,s*ool ,sy/em ,s*ool sy/ems are becom+ bett]4 ,p realize ! advantages ( education4 ,m & m "y p are be+ s5t to college4 ,b z di/ances are gradually be+ ov]come1 s*ools %\ld be adm9i/]$ :olly f ! c\nty seat4 ,! ,c\nty ,unit plan does away ) ! local s*ool di/rict bo>ds4 ,?is sy/em equalizes burd5s & advantages1 m9imizes diss5sion1 & conduces to economy & effici5cy4 ,! av]age s*ool bo>d has no /&>ds by :i* to judge an applicant = tea*+4 ,"o disadvantage ( ! di/rict sy/em is t s (t5 daught]s are put 9 z tea*]s4 ,! c\nty unit plan means c5traliz$ control4 ,! c\nty sup]9t5d5t1 :o is select$ solely because ( education1 tra9+ & successful exp]i5ce1 takes ov] mo/ ( ! duties :i* ! v>i\s di/ricts n[ h4 ,?is means a compreh5sive & effici5t plan ( education = ! :ole c\nty4 ,social ,ne$s ,o!r great ne$s are a bett] organiz$ social life & m recreational activities4 ,outside ! l>g] c5t]1 !re is a great lack ( social life4 ,social organizations are fairly abundant1 b !y are almo/ all city or t[n affairs4 ,liv+ on ! l& is a m solit>y affair = wom5 ?an = m54 ,! m5 drive to t[n1 b ! wom5 /ay home week 9 & week out ) few div]sions4 ,a po/mi/ress 9 ,montana told ab\t two wom5 liv+ on l>ge cattle ran*es ab\t six miles ap>t1 a small di/ance 9 t c\ntry4 ,%e said to "o ( !m3 ,!re is ,mrs4 ,d5is at ! door j go+ out4 ,did y see h]8 ,! o!r lady answ]$3 ,yes1 b ,i h>dly "k ,mrs4 ,d5is4 ,!y _h liv$ !re = m ?an t5 ye>s1 ne> neighbors = ! ,range c\ntry1 & yet b>ely acqua9t$6 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>y1 ,,call ,,! ,,cattle ,,home6 ,b ?is ,m>y is a home/ead]'s wife & ! ,range is a long way f ! ,s&s o' ,dee1 & ,m>y h]self is usually a long way f any:]e4 ,! ,"p ( ! ,*ur* ,f9ally1 !re is ! duty ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! *ur*es p]=m$ an ine/imable social function 9 fronti] expansion1 says ,john ,dewey4 ,!y 7 ! rally+ po9ts n only ( respectability b ( dec5cy & ord] 9 ! mid/ ( a r\gh & turbul5t population4 ,!y 7 ! repres5tatives ( social neighborl9ess & all ! high] int]e/s ( ! communities4 ,! ,*ur* has play$ an important role 9 ! pa/1 b its position 9 ?is same c\ntry to-day is disappo9t+4 ,= "s reason x has n become ess5tial to ! l&scape4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wait+ ,,at ,,! ,,*ur* ,a ,*ri/ian ,*ur* 9 ,union ,c\nty :i* draws its congregation f a wide area4 ,! imm5se di/ances & scatt]$ population h1 ( c\rse1 be5 a great problem4 ,all ! c\ntry we/ ( ! ,mississippi makes up #gj4i p] c5t4 ( ! total area ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :ile ! we/]n area has only #cj p] c5t4 ( ! total population4 ,9 #ahej1 x _h only #h4f p] c5t4 ( ! population4 ,! av]age d5sity p] squ>e mile 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is #ce4e p]sons4 ,ill9ois has #aae4g p p] squ>e mile1 b ,montana has an av]age d5sity ( only #c4h1 ,wyom+ ( #b1 ,new ,mexico ( #b4i & ,s\? ,dakota ( #h4c p]sons4 ,mu* ( ! ,range has nev] _h ! *ance to g to *ur*1 & "o result ( ! lack ( *ur* facilities 9 ! pa/ is t x is difficult n[ to create a *ur* _s4 ,home/ead+ is no fun4 ,x means be+ away f doctors & com=ts1 gett+ ahead little by little1 fac+ set-backs1 disc\ragem5ts & lonel9ess4 ,( c\rse1 a home/ead] is absorb$ by 8 place4 ,unless he is simply prov+ up on 8 claim = ! purpose ( sell+ x1 he mu/ be absorb$ if he is to succe$4 ,he broke ) mo/ ( 8 home ties be=e he came &1 aft] arriv+1 has n _h "t to g adv5tur+ = any b ^? simple ?+s :i* he mu/ h4 ,*ur* is "o ( ! ?+s he left beh9d4 ,*ur* s]vices h r>ely foll[$ him1 & g5]ally he has be5 too busy to seek !m4 ,ev5 if he 7 m9d$ to hunt !m out1 x takes m ?an av]age c\rage to be diff]5t :5 "o's neighbors are l>gely ( a common m9d4 ,s ! abs5ce ( *ur* has become a habit4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hitt+ ,,! ,,trail ,w ?is settl] f9d a *ur* welcome 9 8 new home8 ,b probably ! greate/ h9drance to *ur* "w has be5 ! %ift+ population4 ,*ur*es h tra9$ lay lead]s only to h !m leave en masse4 ,out ( ! f\rte5 *ur*es :i* h be5 ab&on$ 9 ^! f\r c\nties1 n9e h gone "u because _! memb]s melt$ away4 ,! c>ry+ ov] ( ! c>e-free fronti] _s (t5 makes = a g5]al slackness4 ,?is _s has 9 x ! fre$om ( ! ,we/1 ! p]fect democracy ( ! c[boy1 & is ess5tially individuali/ic4 ,if direct$ into "r *annels1 x %\ld be an asset in/ead ( a drawback4 ,:at ! ,fronti] ,*ur* ,is ,five s5t5ces sum up ! ,*ur* on ! ,range4 ,x is a *ur* ( ! c5t]4 ,x is1 9 ! ma91 a *ur* ( ! middle-ag$4 ,x has be5 a *ur* ) haphaz>d lead]%ip4 ,x is a *ur* ( pa/ a*ievem5ts & ( unlimit$ future possibilities1 provid$ x has an inspir$ & su/a9$ lead]%ip4 ,x is a *ur* :i* ne$s a social vision4 ,x is natural t1 :]e ! c5t]s along ! railroad h be5 ! only sure ?+s 9 a c\ntry ( con/antly %ift+ settlem5ts1 ! l>ge/ numb] ( *ur*es h be5 e/abli%$ 9 su* c5t]s4 ,b ^! *ur*es h n rea*$ ! great unevangeliz$ areas ar\nd !m4 ,! isolat$1 unatta*$ ,*ri/ian1 :o lives p]haps only a few miles f t[n1 has be5 neglect$ by ! *ur* 9 ! c5t]4 ,x is natural1 too1 t ?is %\ld be l>gely a *ur* ( ! middle-ag$4 ,:at is !re to attract ! "y p8 ,_m ( ! *ur* organizations h no build+s4 ,) few exceptions1 build+s are equipp$ = little else b prea*+ & li/5+4 ,ne>ly half ( ! *ur*es h less ?an f\r s]vices a mon?4 ,! ,sunday s*ools are n well organiz$4 ,) ! />t ! ,sunday s*ools n[ h1 possibilities are unlimit$ if !y c be conduct$ on a m bus9ess-l basis4 ,yet ^! "y p & *ildr5 are ! great hope ( ! *ur*4 ,no m wide-awake1 vigor\s "y p are to be f\nd4 ,if only ! ,*ur* c\ld "w out some?+ t w\ld la/ ?r\gh ! week1 said "o ( !m1 x w\ld seem m real4 ,b 9 _m communities ! wom5's organization is n only ! sole organization 9 ! *ur*1 outside ! ,sunday s*ool1 b ! only "o 9 ! community4 ,! "w has be5 haphaz>d4 ,home ,mission aid has be5 sp5t out ( all proportion to fitness4 ,! same am\nt n[ receiv$ w\ld g fur!r1 ev5tually1 if sp5t 9 few] places4 ,) means & lead]s adequate = a small area only1 ! g5]al idea ( "s d5om9ations has be5 to hold1 b to d little ) a l>ge area4 ,!re has be5 "s unnecess>y ov]-lapp+ ( "w4 ,) _! l>ge fields1 ! m9i/]s _c be expect$ to d m ?an !y are do+ at pres5t :i* is1 9 mo/ *ur*es1 occasional prea*+4 ,a mission>y pa/or said1 conc]n+ "o ( 8 *>ges 9 a neglect$ community 9 ,union1 ,! second "t ,i w5t to prea* no "o came4 ,d y ?9k ,i'd g back8 ,"u ! pres5t sy/em ( _m po9ts & long di/ances1 ?is pa/or c\ld h>dly af=d to use ! "t to g back4 ,yet1 to succe$1 *ur* m9i/ry mu/ be /eadi] & m long-suff]+4 ,!re are "s ,new ,am]icans 9 ea* c\nty1 b !y are 9 l>g] numb]s 9 ,%]idan & ,beav]head4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ! ,spani%-,am]icans 9 ,union are n provid$ = by ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 & ! only ,prote/ant "w = !m 9 ! c\nty1 a ,spani% ,am]ican ,mission 9 ,clayton1 has be5 giv5 up4 ,9 ,%]idan ,c\nty !re is great ne$ ( a compreh5sive program t %all include all six m9es4 ,!re %\ld be at lea/ two community h\ses built ) organiz$ social activities & ev5+ classes2 ! /aff to include a dome/ic sci5ce tea*]4 ,) ! exception ( "o class = half a doz5 ,italian mo!rs 9 "o ( ,%]idan's m9+ villages1 no ,am]icanization "w is be+ done 9 any c\nty4 ,! *ur*es %\ld enl>ge _! vision s z to include ! ,new ,am]icans4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,family ,,mansion ,) ! family & ! ,union ,c\nty doctor 9 front ( x4 ,! family is ,spani%-,am]ican4 ,:at ! ,fronti] ,*ur* ,c ,be ,x is possible = ! ,*ur* to s]ve ?is k9d ( c\ntry ) its scatt]$ p4 ,x is difficult b x c be done4 ,c]ta9 d5om9ations h succe$$ ) :at !y call a demon/ration p>i%4 ,! plan is exactly ! same z t ( ! exp]im5tal f>ms conduct$ by ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,a compreh5sive sev5-day-a-week plan1 :i* has 9 m9d ! :ole man1 m9d1 body & s\l1 9 place ( ! old circuit-rid] sy/em1 is ! program ( ! ,congregational ,demon/ration ,p>i% 9 ,plateau ,valley1 ,colorado4 ,six ?\s& feet up on ! we/]n slope ( ! ,rockies1 ?is valley is %ut 9 on ?ree sides by rugg$1 :ite-capp$ m\nta9s4 ,x is ?irty miles long1 f "o to six miles wide1 & conta9s ab\t #aej squ>e miles ( t]ritory4 ,?is is a small _w 9 itself1 self-conta9$ by ! nature ( its environm5t4 ,( ! #c1ejj p1 #gej live 9 ! f\r small villages ( ,collbran1 ,plateau ,city1 ,mel9a & ,mesa4 ,! "o great indu/ry ( ! valley is /ock-rais+4 ,f>m]s h devot$ !mselves *iefly to rais+ beef cattle1 b an int]e/ 9 dairy+ is increas+4 ,pure-br$ /ock is n[ ! goal ( _! ef=ts4 ,?is beautiful m\nta9 valley 0 *os5 z a model p>i% to %[ :at c\ld be done by ! ,*ur* ?r\gh\t a l>ge1 ?9ly settl$ area4 ,al?\gh !re 7 five *ur* build+s 9 ! valley1 ! *ur*-go+ habit seem$ to h be5 lo/ or nev] acquir$1 possibly because religi\s privileges _h be5 meag] & n altoge!r suit$ to ! peculi> ne$s ( ! p & ! c\ntry4 ,x is d\btful if #bej p liv+ 9 ! valley 7 *ur* memb]s or att5dants1 :ile n m ?an #bjj *ildr5 w5t to ,sunday s*ool regul>ly4 ,few p]sons1 h[ev]1 7 actually ho/ile t[>d religion or ! ,*ur*4 ,"h 0 ! opportunity & ! *all5ge4 ,! "w c5t]s 9 ,collbran village1 :]e !re is a ,congregational *ur* organization & build+4 ,!re are two m5 on ! /aff4 ,! pa/or has *>ge ( ! *ur* s*ool1 ! ,*ri/ian ,endeavor1 & ! "w ) m5 & "y p 9 ,collbran village4 ,he also does visit+ ?r\gh\t ! valley4 ,! ,director ( ,ext5sion ,"w has ! responsibility = e/abli%+ & ma9ta9+ out-/ations1 f9anc+ ! local budget1 & sup]vis+ ! activities & ! build+ ( ! ,community ,h\se4 ,?is ,community ,h\se is to be ! c5t] & great a*ievem5t ( ! mod]n socio-religi\s program4 ,! complet$ build+ w h rooms & equipm5t = an ideal *ur* s*ool1 k9d]g>t51 game room1 libr>y1 re/-room & m5's club4 ,! gymnasium w h a floor space sev5ty-five by =ty feet & a gall]y2 x w also s]ve z an auditorium1 :ile a /age1 dress+-rooms & a mov+-picture boo? =m "p ( ! equipm5t4 ,! basem5t w h billi>d room1 b[l+ alleys1 lock]s1 ba?s1 d9+ room & kit*54 ,! entire co/ ( ! build+ w be approximately #be1jjj1 to be f9anc$ 9 "p by ! ,congregational ,*ur* ,build+ ,society & 9 "p by local pl$ges4 ,?is is ,home ,mission aid well sp5t4 ,! fir/ & second units 7 complet$ & op5$ = use on ,*ri/mas ,day1 #aiba4 ,! fir/ unit is ! auditorium4 ,! second unit conta9s ! libr>y1 assembly room1 m5's room1 wom5's room1 l>ge billi>d room & two (fices :i* are to be us$ z headqu>t]s = ! boys' & girls' organizations4 ,! ?ird unit w be complet$ 9 ! summ] ( #aibb4 ,! pa/or & ext5sion man h (fice h\rs 9 ! morn+4 ,9 ! aft]noon1 ! wom5's re/ room1 ) its easy *air1 l\nge & cribs = babies1 & ! m5's club are op54 ,! billi>d & read+ rooms are op5 f "o to five-?irty & ! libr>y is op5 f ?ree-?irty to five4 ,?is libr>y already has #a1bjj books1 & !re are %elves = #c1hjj m4 ,! libr>y s]vice is probably ! mo/ appreciat$ "p ( ! "w = x fills a long & sorely felt ne$4 ,9 ! ev5+1 ! m5's & wom5's rooms are op51 & ! read+ room & billi>d room are op5 f sev5 to n9e4 ,! privileges ( ! ,community ,h\se are = ea* man1 woman & *ild 9 ! valley irrespective ( *ur* or cre$4 ,s f> z possible1 ev]y?+ enjoy$ at ! c5t] is to be tak5 to ! fur!/ circumf]5ce ( ! valley4 ,! equipm5t = ! ext5sion "w consi/s ( a truck1 auto1 mov+-picture ma*9e & a g5]ator4 ,! community truck is us$ to furni% gr\p transportation & to promote int]-neighborhood mix+ 9 competitive & o!r ways4 ,! ,ext5sion ,director is organiz]1 social eng9e] & community build]4 ,he has a regul> circuit ( prea*+ appo9tm5ts & ,sunday s*ools4 ,8 program includes a "o-h\r visit to f\r s*ools e week4 ,t5 m9utes are us$ = physical ex]cises1 ?irty m9utes = public s*ool music ) ! cooep]ation ( ! tea*] & tw5ty m9utes = religi\s education4 ,he takes out libr>y books & ,sunday s*ool pap]s to ! tea*]1 & once a mon? %[s educational mov+-pictures4 ,! p are already respond+ to ?is con/ructive program4 ,)9 f\r mon?s1 ! ,collbran ,*ur* ,s*ool has increas$ ne>ly #aej p] c5t4 9 av]age daily att5dance4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,endeavor ,society includes practically all ! "y p ( ! int]m$iate age4 ,! ,sc\ts & ,camp ,fire organizations are v active & rec5tly held a dual meet ) ! ,mesa organizations4 ,wre/l+1 basket-ball1 hog-ty+ & ?ree-legg$ races 7 "s ( ! ev5ts4 ,)9 ! ye>1 ?irty-sev5 memb]s 7 add$ to ! ,collbran *ur*1 among :om 7 ! lead+ lawy]1 bank]1 doctor1 contractor1 editor1 m]*ant & ran*]4 ,! o!r two d5om9ations 9 ! valley1 ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal & ,bapti/s1 are cooep]at+ 9 ! ef=t4 ,! small ,me?odi/ ,episcopal *ur* at ,plateau ,city has come into ! movem5t by arrangem5t ) ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,conf]5ce1 & has become "p ( ! l>g] p>i%4 ,?is *ur* & community w unite ) ! ,congregational *ur* on a common budget = ! support ( g5]al "w4 ,!re is n[ ,me?odi/ ,episcopal "w 9 ! extreme end ( ! valley1 ,bapti/ 9 ! c5tral "p1 & ,congregational 9 ! extreme we/4 ,ea* *ur* /icks to its own t]ritory2 ea* urges memb]s ( its own d5om9ation to "w ) *ur*es 9 o!r sections4 ,b ! l>g] p>i% equipm5t s]ves all 9 ! ext5sion program4 ,! "w is only begun4 ,! l>g] purpose is to break d[n di/9ctions betwe5 neighborhoods1 z well z betwe5 village & c\ntry1 & to weld all p liv+ ov] a wide area into "o l>ge community ) community _s & a common loyalty4 ,?is _c be done by ! ,*ur* alone2 doctors1 visit+ nurse1 s*ool tea*]s1 c\nty ag5t & f>m bureau w gradually be call$ into a cooep]ative team play4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! ,*ur* n m]ely aspir+ to lead]%ip1 b utiliz+ its opportunity ) a real program4 ,ask+ no favors because ( its div9e orig91 x is det]m9$ to make itself a necessity 9 ! community by virtue ( :at x does4 ,x is ! ,*ur* actually practis+ a religion ( fell[%ip1 giv+ value = value & s]v+ all ! p & all ( _! int]e/s1 all ( ! "t4 ,! ,l>g] ,p>i% ,plan ,?is ,l>g] ,p>i% plan is ! old circuit rid] sy/em br\ght up to date1 & giv5 an all-ar\nd significance ?r\gh ! use ( mod]n means ( transportation & an equipm5t suit$ to a religio-social program4 ,! m9i/] is no less a prea*] & man ( ,god because he is a community build]4 ,8 measure ( success is 8 ability to "w out ) 8 p a g5u9e program ( rural & social s]vice4 ,) its community *ur* & program1 ! ,l>g] ,p>i% plan seeks to make ! *ur* bo? a religi\s & a social c5t]4 ,"u its own ro(1 if necess>y1 or bett]1 ) an adjo9+ community h\se1 x has equipm5t :i* provides = ideal wor%ip1 a mod]n *ur* s*ool & well-sup]vis$ social & recreational activities4 ,x am\nts to a *ur* t (f]s advantages l ^? ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 & ,y4 ,w4 ,c4 ,a4 ,by means ( ?is program1 ! rural *ur* puts itself at ! c5t] r ?an at ! f> circumf]5ce ( rural life1 & becomes "o ( ! mo/ active ag5cies 9 ! community4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,real ,,community ,,h\se ,memb]s ( ?is ,presbyt]ian ,*ur* at ,%]idan build+ _! own community h\se "u ! lead]%ip ( ! pa/or4 ,! wom5 ( ! *ur* provid$ ! eats4 ,?is plan rem$ies a *>act]i/ic disability ( ! av]age rural m9i/] & 8 *ur*--! neglect 9 f>m/ead visitation4 ,especially on ! pla9s1 isolation & lonel9ess p]si/ despite mod]n improvem5ts4 ,!re are c\ntry homes ne> to villages or t[ns into :i* no m9i/] or *ur* visitor goes f "o ye>'s end to ano!r4 ,)9 rea* ( almo/ any *ur* on ! ,range1 & ov] great /ret*es ( c\ntry1 *ildr5 may be f\nd :o are gr[+ up )\t any religi\s tra9+4 ,9 ! face ( ?is ne$ & its *all5ge1 ! ,l>g] ,p>i% plan ne$ n wait = p to come into ! ,*ur*4 ,by means ( a well-equipp$ ext5sion program ! ,*ur*1 & ev]y?+ x /&s =1 is tak5 to all :o ne$ its m9i/rations4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*ur* ,,t ,,s]ves ,,! ,,community ,! ,m4 ,e4 ,*ur* & p>sonage at ,cle>mont1 ,wyom+4 ,prea*+ is ess5tial4 ,b :5 a m9i/] & congregation c bro!r scatt]$ peoples1 !y are mo/ helpful 9 br++ ! ,k+dom ( ,god to rural ,am]ica4 ,!re may be "s ju/ice 9 ! excuse t ! f>m] & 8 family might easily come 9 to s]vices 9 _! automobile1 b x is true t a h\se-go+ m9i/] makes a *ur*-go+ p4 ,! ,l>g] ,p>i% plan furni%es ! m9i/] ! equipm5t & help to d j ?is ?+4 ,x views ! *ur* z a s]vice in/itution4 ,! ,montana ,plan ,x is ev5 possible = a :ole /ate to make a unit$ plan = *ur* "w4 ,montana has _h its area1 community by community1 c\nty by c\nty1 or valley by valley1 allocat$ to ! religi\s c>e & undisput$ responsibility ( "o or m d5om9ations4 ,= ?is new & progressive policy ! p ( ! ,/ate 7 !mselves responsible1 & its developm5t w be wat*$ ) int5se int]e/4 ,un=tunately "o ( ! fields 9 ! only ,montana c\nty 9 ?is survey is n receiv+ ! att5tion x %\ld f its allocat$ d5om9ation4 ,?is is ! "w 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ! c\nty1 n[ s]v$ by a non-resid5t pa/or4 ,a glance at ! map w %[ h[ effectively ! l>g] p>i% plan c\ld be appli$4 ,two tasks face ! *ur*es 9 ^! c\nties3 ,fir/1 to increase & enl>ge ! "w ( ! *ur*es already e/abli%$1 &1 secondly1 to rea* & s]ve ! great unevangeliz$ areas4 ,! =m] is a problem = ! individual *ur* & community4 ,! latt] is a problem dem&+ ! cooep]ation ( all religi\s =ces on ! field1 = !re is religi\s ne$ en\gh to tax ! be/ en]gies & res\rces ( all4 ,! *ur*es 9 ?is new we/]n c\ntry mu/ keep pace ) _! rapidly *ang+ environm5t1 & ) ela/ic yet inclusive programs really become community *ur*es4 ,! c\nty seat t[ns %\ld assume m responsibility = _! surr\nd+ areas2 9 o!r words1 !y %\ld plan & develop l>g] p>i%es4 ,especially 9 ,beav]head & ,hughes1 ?is area is un*ur*$ & to a great ext5t neglect$4 ,:ile ! social & economic life ( ^! c5t]s naturally ov]%ad[s a great portion ( ! c\nty areas1 yet ! *ur*es m9i/] v inadequately to _! ne$s4 ,! *ur* p>i%es on ! map repres5t few memb]s4 ,! c5t]s are gr[+1 _! influ5ce is ev] wid5+1 s t ! ,*ur*1 9 build+ up h] "w at ! c5t] ) ! idea n only ( s]v+ ! p at h& b ( rea*+ j z ?or\ghly ! p 9 ! surr\nd+ areas1 w naturally fulfill h] de/9y4 ,to rea* areas outside ! influ5ce ( ! *ur* "w at ! c5t]s1 colporteurs %\ld be employ$4 ,a ,sunday s*ool mission>y c\ld give p]man5ce to all ,sunday s*ool "w & help to organize new s*ools 9 ,union & possibly 9 ,%]idan ,c\nty4 ,"s additional *ur*es %\ld be e/abli%$2 o!rs might v well be clos$4 ,b x is *iefly up-to-date1 educat$1 resid5t pa/ors t are ne$$1 ) a belief t ! rural task is wor? _! lives4 ,cooep]ation ! ,solution ,! psy*ological & religi\s diff]5ces 9 ^! f\r c\nties h already be5 %[n4 ,all %\ld n be treat$ alike4 ,e c\nty is diff]5t4 ,e c\nty dem&s individual /udy & treatm5t4 ,su* conditions call = ! survey me?od & = int5sive cooep]ation4 ,?is is ! key to ! :ole situation4 ,bus9ess1 ?\gh /ill competitive & on an individual basis1 comb9es = ! community good1 z 9 ! case ( ,rot>y & ,civic ,clubs4 ,! *ur*es might well emulate ?is example 9 organization4 ,!re are compet5t ,m9i/]ial ,unions 9 ,pi]re & ,%]idan ,city4 ,:at is ne$$ n[ is a ,c\ncil ( ,religion 9 ea* c\nty ) a program enli/+ e m9i/] & e *ur*1 & includ+ e squ>e mile ( occupi$ l& 9 ! c\nty4 ,all problems are relat$4 ,! causes ( *ur* ineffectiv5ess lie 9 non-cooep]ation4 ,m9i/]s h /ay$ too %ort a "t to relate !mselves to _! p>i% & _! p2 d5om9ations 9 e/abli%+ new *ur*es h n be5 curi\s en\gh ab\t ! lay ( ! l&2 ! v>i\s compon5t p>ts h be5 unrelat$--! prea*] to ! *ur*1 ! fr+e areas to ! *ur* 9 ! c5t] &1 f9ally1 ! ,*ur* to ! p4 ,! ,fronti] ( ! ,future ,ye/]day ! ,range population 0 busy settl+ d[n4 ,to-day x is haphaz>dly "h1 & /ill com+4 ,& :at ( to-morr[8 ,frankl9 ,k4 ,lane wrote at ! end ( 8 t]m ( s]vice 9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior3 ,we are quickly pass+ out ( ! r\gh-&-ready p]iod ( our national life1 9 :i* we h dealt :olesale ) m5 & ?+s1 into a p]iod ( m int5sive developm5t 9 :i* we mu/ seek to f9d ! special qualities ( ! individual unit :e!r t unit be an acre ( des]t1 a b>rel ( oil1 a m\nta9 canyon1 ! fl[ ( a riv]1 or ! capacity ( ! humble/ ( m54 ,"h is f]tile gr\nd = well direct$ & progressive developm5t4 ,! ,ea/ is cry/alliz$ into its habits & cu/oms4 ,! ,we/ is m pla/ic because x is 9 ! social mak+1 & is will+1 at ne$1 to *ange its ways4 ,! social baggage ( ! ea/]n /ates is only p>tly unpack$ 9 ?is region4 ,! "y ,we/ is develop+ a flexible social & in/itutional life 9 keep+ ) its ph5om5a ( "t & place4 ,great possibilities are ahead4 ,a real weld+ process has begun dur+ ! la/ few ye>s z ! population t5ds to become m /atic1 or z x le>ns to cooep]ate 9 su* ag5cies z ,r$ ,cross "w dur+ ! w> & ! "w ( ! ,f>m ,bureau4 ,a new social _s is develop+4 ,! ,*ur* has c\nt$ = a great deal on ! ,range & has done "s good1 fundam5tal "w4 ,b 9 ord] to keep abrea/ ( ! new developm5t & to help br+ to ! ,range a satisfy+ community life :i* is pr(itable1 sociable1 heal?ful & full ( culture & *>m &1 above all1 full ( ,god1 ! ,*ur* mu/ make its m9i/ry broad]1 /eadi] & m available4 ,,app5dices ,i3 ,,me?odology ,,& ,,def9itions ,,ii3 ,,tables ,,app5dix ,i ,me?odology & ,def9itions ,! me?od us$ 9 ! ,t[n & ,c\ntry ,surveys ( ! ,int]*ur* ,_w ,movem5t & ( ! ,committee on ,social & ,religi\s ,surveys diff]s f ! me?od ( e>li] surveys 9 ?is field *iefly 9 ! foll[+ p>ticul>s3 #a4 ,rural 0 def9$ z includ+ all population liv+ outside incorporat$ places ( ov] #e1jjj4 ,previ\s surveys usually exclud$ all places ( #b1ejj population or ov]1 :i* foll[s ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus def9ition ( rural4 #b4 ,! local unit = ! assembl+ ( mat]ial 0 ! community1 reg>d$1 usually1 z ! trade area ( a t[n or village c5t]4 ,previ\s surveys usually took ! m9or civil division z ! local unit4 ,! disadvantage ( ! community unit is t c5sus & o!r /ati/ical data are seldom available on t basis1 ?us increas+ bo? ! labor involv$ & ! possibility ( error4 ,! great advantage is t x pres5ts its results assembl$ on ! basis ( units :i* h real social significance1 :i* ! m9or civil division seldom has4 ,?is advantage is consid]$ z m ?an comp5sat+ = ! disadvantage4 #c4 ,! actual s]vice area ( ea* *ur* z indicat$ by ! resid5ces ( its memb]s & adh]5ts 0 mapp$ & /udi$4 ,?is 0 an entirely new dep>ture 9 rural surveys4 ,f\r *ief processes 7 involv$ 9 ! actual field "w ( ^! surveys3 #a4 ,! det]m9ation ( ! community units & ( any subsidi>y neighborhood units includ$ )9 !m4 ,! community b\nd>ies 7 asc]ta9$ by not+ ! location ( ! la/ family on ea* road lead+ out f a giv5 c5t] :o regul>ly trad$ at t c5t]4 ,^! po9ts1 indicat$ on a map1 7 connect$ ) ea* o!r by /raight l9es4 ,! area ab\t ! giv5 c5t] ?us enclos$ 0 reg>d$ z ! community4 #b4 ,! /udy ( ! economic1 social & in/itutional life ( ea* community z ?us def9$4 #c4 ,! location ( ea* *ur* 9 ! c\nty1 ! det]m9ation ( its p>i% area1 & ! detail$ /udy ( its equipm5t1 f9ance1 memb]%ip1 organization1 program & lead]%ip4 #d4 ,! prep>ation ( a map %[+1 9 addition to ! usual physical features1 ! b\nd>ies ( ea* community1 ! location1 p>i% area & circuit connections ( ea* *ur*1 & ! resid5ce ( ea* m9i/]4 ,! foll[+ are ! m important def9itions us$ 9 ! mak+ ( ^! surveys & ! prep>ation ( ! reports3 ,,geographical ,city--,a c5t] ( ov] #e1jjj population4 ,n includ$ )9 ! scope ( ^! surveys except z specifically not$4 ,t[n--,a c5t] ) a population ( f #b1eja to #e1jjj4 ,village--,a c5t] ) a population ( f #bea to #b1ejj4 ,hamlet--,any clu/]$ gr\p ( p n liv+ on f>ms ^: numb]s d n exce$ #bej4 ,op5 ,c\ntry--,! f>m+ area1 exclud+ hamlets & o!r c5t]s4 ,c\ntry--,us$ 9 a ?ree-fold division ( population includ$ 9 scope ( survey into ,t[n1 ,village & ,c\ntry4 ,includes ,hamlets & ,op5 ,c\ntry4 ,t[n & ,c\ntry--,! :ole area cov]$ by ^! surveys1 i4e41 all population liv+ outside cities4 ,rural--,us$ int]*angeably ) ,t[n & ,c\ntry4 ,community--,t unit ( t]ritory & ( population *>act]iz$ by common social & economic int]e/s & exp]i5ces2 an aggregation ( p ! majority ( ^: int]e/s h a common c5t]4 ,usually asc]ta9$ by det]m9+ ! normal trade area ( ea* giv5 c5t]4 ,! prim>y social gr\p+ ( suffici5t size & div]sity ( int]e/s to be practically self-suffic+ 9 ord9>y affairs ( bus9ess1 civil & social life4 ,neutral ,t]ritory--,any area n def9itely includ$ )9 ! area ( "o community4 ,usually an area betwe5 two or m c5t]s1 & some:at influ5c$ by ea*1 b ^: int]e/s are s scatt]$ t x _c def9itely be assign$ to ! sph]e ( influ5ce ( any "o c5t]4 ,neighborhood--,a recognizable social gr\p+ hav+ c]ta9 int]e/s 9 common1 b dep5d5t = c]ta9 elem5tal ne$s ^u "s adjac5t c5t] )9 ! community area ( :i* x is locat$4 ,rural ,indu/rial--,p]ta9+ to any indu/ry o!r ?an f>m+ )9 ! ,t[n & ,c\ntry area4 ,,population ,=eign]--,ref]s to =eign-born & native-born ( =eign p>5tage4 ,new ,am]icans--,usually includes =eign-born & native-born ( =eign or mix$ p>5tage1 b sometimes ref]s only to m rec5t immigration4 ,9 ea* case ! exact mean+ is cle> f ! context4 ,,! ,,*ur* ,p>i%--,! area )9 :i* ! memb]s & regul> att5dants ( a giv5 *ur* live4 ,circuit--,two or m *ur*es comb9$ "u ! direction ( "o m9i/]4 ,resid5t ,pa/or--,a *ur* ^: m9i/] lives )9 its p>i% area is said to h a resid5t pa/or4 ,full-"t ,resid5t ,pa/or--,a *ur* ) a resid5t pa/or :o s]ves no o!r *ur*1 & foll[s no o!r occupation ?an ! m9i/ry1 is said to h a full-"t resid5t pa/or4 ,"p-"t ,pa/or--,a *ur* ^: m9i/] ei!r s]ves ano!r *ur* also1 or devotes "p ( 8 "t to "s regul> occupation o!r ?an ! m9i/ry1 or bo?1 is said to h a "p-"t m9i/]4 ,non-,resid5t ,memb]--,"o c>ri$ on ! rolls ( a giv5 *ur* b liv+ too f> away to p]mit regul> att5dance2 g5]ally1 any memb] liv+ outside ! community 9 :i* ! *ur* is locat$ unless he is a regul> att5dant4 ,inactive ,memb]--,"o :o resides )9 ! p>i% area ( ! *ur*1 b :o nei!r att5ds its s]vices nor contributes to its support4 ,net ,active ,memb]%ip--,! resultant memb]%ip ( a giv5 *ur* aft] ! numb] ( non-resid5t & inactive memb]s is d$uct$ f ! total on ! *ur* roll4 ,p] ,capita ,contributions or ,exp5ditures--,! total am\nt contribut$ or exp5d$1 divid$ by ! numb] ( ! net active memb]%ip4 ,budget ,sy/em--,a *ur* :i*1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! fiscal ye>1 makes an itemiz$ =eca/ ( ! entire am\nt ( money requir$ = its ma9t5ance dur+ ! ye> z a basis = a canvass ( its memb]%ip = funds1 is said to op]ate on a budget sy/em ) respect to its local f9ances4 ,if am\nts to be rais$ = d5om9ational or o!r b5evol5ces are includ$ 9 ! =eca/ & canvass1 x is said to op]ate on a budget sy/em = all monies rais$4 ,adequate ,f9ancial ,sy/em--,?ree *ief elem5ts are recogniz$ 9 an adequate f9ancial sy/em3 a budget sy/em1 an annual e-memb] canvass1 & ! use ( envelopes = ! weekly paym5t ( subscriptions4 ,receipts--,receipts h be5 divid$ "u ?ree heads3 a4 ,subscriptions1 t is monies receiv$ 9 paym5t ( annual pl$ges4 b4 ,collections1 t is money receiv$ f free w (f]+s at public s]vices4 c4 ,all o!r s\rces ( rev5ue1 *iefly proce$s ( ent]ta9m5ts & int]e/ on end[m5ts4 ,sal>y ( ,m9i/]--,inasmu* z "s m9i/]s receive1 9 addition to _! ca% sal>y1 ! free use ( a h\se :ile o!rs d n1 a comp>ison ( ! ca% sal>ies paid is mislead+4 ,9 all sal>y comp>isons1 !re=e1 ! ca% value ( a free p>sonage is arbitr>ily /at$ z #bej a ye>1 & t am\nt is add$ to ! ca% sal>y ( ea* m9i/] ) free p>sonage privileges4 ,?us an av]age sal>y /at$ z #a1dej is equival5t to #a1bjj ca% & ! free use ( a h\se4 ,,app5dix ,,ii ,tables ,i ,,l& ,,& ,,f>m ,,area ,,9 ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,f$]al ,,c5suses ,,= #aiaj ,,& #aibj ,beav]head ,hughes #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj ,approximate l& area 7acres7 #c1fbj1dhj #c1jbj1afj #dhe1gfj #dhe1gfj ,l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #fcg1jji #dfa1cae #bhd1ijg #afe1jfi ,improv$ l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #bgj1fjc #bge1ecj #add1bcg #fb1eca ,woodl& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #g1adb #c1jhh #g1jcb #b1eba #h1gda ,o!r unimprov$ l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #cei1bfd #ahb1fig #acc1fch #ajj1jag ,p] c5t4 ( l& area 9 f>ms #ag4f #ae4c #eh4g #cd4j ,p] c5t4 ( f>m l& improv$ #db4e #ei4g #ej4f #cg4i ,av]age acreage p] f>m #iib4a #hfj4g #ghd4i #ddj4b ,av]age improv$ acreage p] f>m #dba4e #ead4j #cig4c #aaf4g ,%]idan ,union #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj #a1fdg1cfj #a1fdh1jjj #c1dcf1hjj #c1dcf1hjj #fbe1gif #dba1edc #b1eae1ebb #had1jaa #aac1che #ie1cfh #bgc1gdh #gb1fcj #g1bfi #ea1fcd #a1hed #ejc1fgj #cah1ijf #b1aij1adj #gci1ebg #ch4j #be4f #gc4b #bc4g #ah4a #bb4f #aj4i #h4i #fdc4h #ebg4f #idh4e #dbc4c #aaf4g #aai4d #ajc4b #cg4h ,! av]age acreage p] f>m 9 ,beav]head & ,%]idan has increas$ v slightly 9 ! pa/ t5 ye>s1 :ile ! improv$ acreage p] f>m has decreas$4 ,9 ,hughes & ,union1 h[ev]1 !re is a decid$ increase 9 bo? ! acreage p] f>m & ! improv$ acreage p] f>m4 ,,ii ,,f>ms ,,& ,,f>m ,,prop]ty ,,9 ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,f$]al ,,c5suses ,,= #aiaj ,,& #aibj ,f>ms ,op]at$ by ,own]s ,beav]head #aibj #aiaj ,numb] ( f>ms #eei #def ,p] c5t4 ( all f>ms #hg4a #he4a ,l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #dij1dec #cbd1bdh ,improv$ l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #bad1fch #aid1eib ,value ( l&1 build+s 7doll>s7 #ab1gec1hdg #f1jba1jjg ,numb] ( f>m]s own+ entire f>m #ejf #dci ,numb] ( f>m]s hir+ additional l& #ec #ag ,color & ,nativity ( ,own]s ,numb] ( native :ites #che #cje ,numb] ( =eign-horn :ites #agd #aea ,numb] ( non-:ites #j #j ,f>ms ,op]at$ by ,t5ants ,numb] ( f>ms #df #ee ,p] c5t4 ( all f>ms #g4b #aj4c ,l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #db1dhi #dc1aif ,improv$ l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #ah1ecf #be1efe ,value ( l& & build+s 7doll>s7 #a1daj1agj #a1jef1fie ,color & ,nativity ( ,t5ants ,numb] ( native :ites #cg #ch ,numb] ( =eign-born :ites #i #ae ,numb] ( non-:ites #j #b ,f>ms op]at$ by manag]s ,numb] ( f>ms #cg #be ,l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #ajd1jfg #ic1hga ,improv$ l& 9 f>ms 7acres7 #cg1dbi #ee1cgc ,value ( l& & build+s 7doll>s7 #b1ijj1ibj #a1ebj1fcj ,hughes ,%]idan ,union #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj #bde #cjh #gcd #fbf #b1bhb #a1hia #fg4e #hb4a #ge4e #gh4c #hf #ih4c #aea1fhd #abd1fhf #dee1jeg #cjb1jgf #b1jdc1hjj #gaf1ejf #fi1jeb #de1fge #fh1gbi #fc1fca #baf1hha #gj1jdg #f1bia1aja #c1acf1cef #aj1ded1acf #f1gdb1gjd #bb1jeb1eca #c1igc1iji #afe #bai #eia #ejc #a1fgj #a1hbb #hj #hi #adc #abc #fab #fi #ahg #bbd #eie #eai #b1bda #a1hji #dg #fd #aca #aje #ch #gg #aa #bj #h #b #c #e #aab #fc #aih #afd #cdd #bb #cj4i #af4h #bj4d #bj4e #ac #a4a #aag1afc #cd1bhc #hf1adg #ajh1bcc #bib1jjd #ad1cje #fe1bjj #af1acf #bh1hcb #bh1ibb #cg1cfb #a1gje #c1dei1fje #icc1fhj #c1ffc1gjj #b1faf1ebe #c1dbd1ffh #hh1hdj #cif #eg #agc #aej #bhi #bj #ada #f #bd #ab #ed #b #j #j #a #b #a #j #f #d #dj #i #bf #aj #af1jfj #f1ajj #hd1eib #aa1bcd #agi1gah #hc1bjj #i1ihe #gbj #ae1hbd #b1hae #ai1eje #hgh #ceb1ejj #ajc1efj #b1dhc1fej #bdj1bjj #a1hcd1dgb #cjf1baj ,z is usual 9 di/ricts t h be5 home/ead$1 ! proportion ( own]%ip is high4 ,b because ( abs5tee own]%ip1 l& companies op]at+ ov] l>ge areas & high taxes1 ! rate ( t5ancy is increas+4 ,,iii ,,acreage ,,& ,,value ,,( ,,cultivat$ ,,crops ,,9 ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,f$]al ,,c5suses ,,= #aiaj ,,& #aibj ,beav]head ,hughes ,c]eals #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj ,corn #aj1gdj #d1ceb ,oats #d1aah #ae1bee #b1hia #c1fhd ,:eat #b1aeg #gfc #d1dii #c1gfa ,b>ley #ijc #bbe #a1efj #aca ,rye #dg #if #ifb #if ,hay & ,=age ,all tame & cultivat$ crops #cf1bdc #bf1iif #d1ffg #hbg ,special ,crops ,potatoes #aih #djh #bai #bgb ,all o!r vegetables #i #hg #be #acb ,doll>s ,doll>s ,doll>s ,doll>s ,value ( all crops #c1hhc1dhj #a1ebi1hcj #a1ada1ici #bbe1cae ,c]eals #bjj1gcc #dad1eci #eci1dga #gh1fed ,hay & =age #c1eig1iij #a1jhj1jic #eje1cbc #ajc1eib ,vegetables #hj1dba #cc1fbb #di1fgc #ae1ccf ,dairy products #fd1jhc #da1agf #ga1cgi #bi1afb ,%]idan ,union #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj #bib #bjj #ea1jgg #c1bbj #b1iaf #h1jdc #b1hai #dca #aa1dff #i1hih #ad1jid #cgg #hja #a1fja #eeb #c #ic #bbd #fah #aj #ce1jfg #ce1gff #g1ibe #b1fhh #bfg #hjh #fai #aeg #ce #cfg #adb #cfe ,doll>s ,doll>s ,doll>s ,doll>s #a1fee1icg #a1ajh1ifg #e1aih1ihf #bie1bic #cce1gai #cfh1bje #c1jej1hgi #hd1daj #a1jcf1bdf #eif1dgc #a1jib1eed #aeb1did #aji1fgj #aaj1jhg #aaj1gjj #ah1fhg #agd1gei #he1eab #cac1fcb #ah1bcj ,! mo/ important crops are hay & =age 9 ,beav]head & ,%]idan2 9 ,union c]eal crops2 9 ,hughes1 bo? 9 ne>ly equal proportions4 ,dairy+ is a comp>atively new developm5t4 ,,iv ,,urban ,,& ,,rural ,,population ,,( ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,f$]al ,,c5suses ,,= #aiaj ,,& #aibj ,beav]head ,hughes #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj ,di/ribution ( population3 ,rural population #d1ffh #f1ddf #b1ejb #b1fae ,rural increase #aiaj-aibj #bg4f -#d4c ,urban population #b1gja #c1bji #c1fef ,urban increase #aiaj-aibj -#ab4b ,total population #g1cfi #f1ddf #e1gaa #f1bga ,total increase #aiaj-aibj #ad4c -#h4i ,d5sity ( population p] sq4 mile3 ,rural d5sity 4#h #a4d #c4c #c4d ,total d5sity #a4ci #a4d #g4e #h4c ,no4 ( dwell+s #a1hcb #a1dic #a1cja #a1dai ,no4 ( families #a1icg #a1efa #a1chg #a1dib ,%]idan ,union ,total #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj #aibj #aiaj #i1jjg #g1iaf #af1fhj #aa1djd #cb1heg #bh1cha #ac4h #df4c #ae4h #i1age #h1djh #ae1jhe #ab1jfd #i4a #be #ah1ahb #af1cbd #af1fhj #aa1djd #dg1idb #dj1dde #aa4d #df4c #ah4e #c4e #c4a #c4a #b4a #g4ai #f4c #c4a #b4a #d1afi #c1cgf #c1gfh #b1ifa #aa1jgj #i1bdi #d1dib #c1ahf #c1ief #c1jic #aa1ggb #i1fcb ,v ,,racial ,,composition ,,( ,,population ,,( ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,f$]al ,,c5sus ,,( #aibj ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union#aj ,numb] ,rank ,numb] ,rank ,numb] ,rank ,numb] ,rank ,total population #g1cfi #e1gaa #ah1ahb #af1fhj ,native ,:ite1 ,total #f1bfa #e1aee #ae1jeh #af1cgf ,native p>5tage #d1ded #c1geb #aa1ded #ae1eab ,=eign p>5tage #a1jbd #ggh #b1cad #dad ,mix$ p>5tage #ghc #fbe #a1bij #dej ,=eign ,:ite1 ,total #a1jce #dfb #b1hie #bgh ,au/ria #fi #g #ae #i #ij #ab #e #ad ,canada #aej #a #di #b #abf #i #bf #c ,cze*o-,slovakia #aa #ad #d #aa #ij #ab #g #ab ,d5m>k #aba #b #db #c #dd #ag #f #ac ,engl& #ih #e #ch #d #aid #d #ai #e ,f9l& #bc #aa #c #ab #ff #ac #j ,france #ag #ab #f #aj #ea #af #e #ad ,g]many #ajg #c #aah #a #eda #a #di #a ,greece #aa #ad #d #aa #ec #ae #aj #aj ,hung>y #d #af #a #ad #ajg #aa #aj #aj ,irel& #ajf #d #bb #f #ef #ad #ab #h ,italy #cc #i #c #ab #bdj #c #h #aa ,jugo-,slavia #bg #aj #j #afi #g #j ,mexico #j #j #aib #e #ac #g ,norway #cc #i #di #b #ch #ah #c #ae ,pol& #b #ag #b #ac #bij #b #aa #i ,russia #ac #ac #bj #g #aha #f #bh #b ,scotl& #cc #i #c #ab #ajh #aj #aj #aj ,sw$5 #hj #f #cg #e #adc #h #ae #f ,switz]l& #dc #h #ah #h #ae #bj #f #ac ,syria #j #j #j #bb #d ,wales #g #ae #c #ab #bb #ai #j ,all o!r c\ntries #dg #be #gi #ac ,o!r ?an :ite #gc #id #bbi #bf ,,vi ,,age ,,& ,,s*ool ,,att5dance ,,9 ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,f$]al ,,c5sus ,,= #aibj ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] c5t4 c5t4 c5t4 c5t4 ,"u #g ye>s #a1jeg 444 #hdg 444 #b1ggi 444 #c1bag 444 #g to #ac ye>s inclusive #hej 444 #gij 444 #b1cie 444 #b1iji 444 ,att5d+ s*ool #ghi #ib4h #gad #ij4d #b1bbe #ib4i #b1eid #hi4b #ad & #ae ye>s #bac 444 #bja 444 #efd 444 #gjj 444 ,att5d+ s*ool #aie #ia4e #aia #ie #die #hg4h #eij #hd4c #af & #ag ye>s #bjf 444 #baf 444 #eca 444 #fee 444 ,att5d+ s*ool #acg #ff4e #aec #gj4h #bhf #ec4i #ccg #ea4e #ah to #bj ye>s inclusive #cjb 444 #cjf 444 #hbi 444 #hdf 444 ,att5d+ s*ool #fh #bb4e #hb #bf4h #adg #ag4h #adj #af4e ,! proportion ( *ildr5 9 s*ool is high ?r\gh ! age ( sixte54 ,beyond t age ! ratio ( att5dance falls (f rapidly1 ,%]idan & ,union hav+ a small] proportion 9 s*ool ?an ! o!r two c\nties4 ,,vii ,,illit]acy ,,9 ,,! ,,range ,,c\nties ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,f$]al ,,c5sus ,,= #aibj ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,t5 ,ye>s & ,ov] c5t4 c5t4 c5t4 c5t4 ,total #e1iej 444 #d1ebj 444 #ad1cbj 444 #ab1abc 444 ,illit]ates #ei #a4j #bj #a4d #dcg #c4a #ffh #e4e ,native ,:ites #d1hfc 444 #c1ihb 444 #aa1bhd 444 #aa1hcj 444 ,illit]ates #ac 4#c #b 4#a #cc 4#c #feb #e4e ,=eign ,born ,:ites #a1jbc 444 #dfj 444 #b1hbh 444 #bgf ,illit]ates #bi #b4h #i #b4 #cic #ac4i #ad #e4a ,negro #ad 444 #bc 444 #aca 444 #ab 444 ,illit]ates #c 444 #a 444 #d #c4a #a 444 #af-bj ,ye>s ,inclusive ,total #ejh 444 #ebb 444 #a1cei 444 #a1eja 444 ,illit]ates #b 4#d #a 4#b #i 4#g #dd #b4i ,illit]acy #ba ,ye>s & ,ov] ,males #db #a4d #h 4#e #bgf #d4b #baa #d4f ,native ,:ites #aa 444 444 444 #af 444 #bje 444 ,=eign ,born ,:ites #ah 444 #e 444 #beb 444 #f 444 ,negro #b 444 444 444 #c 444 444 444 ,females #ae 4#h #aa 4#g #adh #c4b #cej #i4b ,native ,:ites #a 444 #a 444 #i 444 #cda 444 ,=eign ,born ,:ites #aj 444 #d 444 #acg 444 #h 444 ,negro #a 444 444 444 #a 444 #a 444 ,! rate ( illit]acy is high] 9 ,%]idan & ,union ?an 9 ,beav]head & ,hughes4 ,,viii ,,developm5t ,,( ,,prote/ant ,,*ur* ,,organizations ,,on ,,! ,,*ang+ ,,fronti] ,a ,,beav]head ,total ,numb] ,*ur*es ,k ,,%]idan ,numb] ,n[ ,ab&on$ ,b ,,beav]head ,numb] ,n[ ,active ,l ,,%]idan ,numb] ,n[ ,inactive ,c ,,beav]head ,numb] ,n[ ,ab&on$ ,m ,,union ,total ,numb] ,*ur*es ,d ,,beav]head ,numb] ,n[ ,inactive ,n ,,union ,numb] ,n[ ,active ,e ,,hughes ,total ,numb] ,*ur*es ,o ,,union ,numb] ,n[ ,ab&on$ ,f ,,hughes ,numb] ,n[ ,active ,p ,,union ,numb] ,n[ ,inactive ,g ,,hughes ,numb] ,n[ ,ab&on$ ,q ,,total ,total ,numb] ,*ur*es ,h ,,hughes ,numb] ,n[ ,inactive ,r ,,total ,numb] ,n[ ,active ,i ,,%]idan ,total ,numb] ,*ur*es ,s ,,total ,numb] ,n[ ,ab&on$ ,j ,,%]idan ,numb] ,n[ ,active ,t ,,total ,numb] ,n[ ,inactive ,p]iod ( organization3 ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g ,h ,i ,j ,k ,l ,m ,n ,o ,p ,q ,r ,s ,t #ahga-hj #a #a 44 44 #a #a 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 #b #b #b 44 #ahha-ij #g #d #c 44 #h #g #a 44 #c #b #a 44 #a #a 44 44 #ai #ad #e 44 #ahia-aijj 44 44 44 44 #a #a 44 44 #e #e 44 44 #c #c 44 44 #i #i 44 44 #aija-aj #b #b 44 44 #a #a 44 44 #g #d #a #b #ae #i #e #a #be #af #f #c #aiaa-bj 44 44 44 44 #e #e 44 44 #f #f 44 44 #ba #ah #c 44 #cb #bi #c 44 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ,total #aj #g #c 44 #af #ae #a 44 #ba #ag #b #b #dj #ca #h #a #hg #gj #ad #c ,ab\t "o-six? ( all ! *ur*es :i* h be5 organiz$ are n[ ei!r ab&on$ or inactive4 ,population has %ift$2 communities h *ang$2 ! *ur*es sometimes h n surviv$4 ,,ix-,a ,,di/ribution ,,( ,,*ur*es ,,among ,,d5om9ations ,*ur*es 9 ,d5om9ations ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,bapti/1 ,nor? #j #a #b #a #d ,bapti/1 ,s\? #c #a #a #j #e ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ or ,*ri/ian #j #a #a #a #c ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ 7,unprogressive7 #b #a #j #j #c ,congregational #c #j #a #a #e ,evangelical ,association #j #j #a #j #a ,lu!ran3 ,norwegian ,lu!ran ( ,am]ica #j #j #a #j #a ,g]man #j #j #j #a #a ,sw$i% #j #j #j #a #a ,poli% #j #a #j #j #a ,o!rs #j #a #j #j #a ,me?odi/1 ,nor? #ac #f #c #a #bc ,me?odi/1 ,s\? #f #j #j #j #f ,naz>5e #a #j #j #j #a ,presbyt]ian 9 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 #c #b #a #a #g ,prote/ant ,episcopal #j #j #b #a #c ,sev5? ,day ,adv5ti/ #a #j #j #a #b ,unit$ ,bre?r5 #b #j #j #j #b -- -- -- -- -- ,total #cd #ad #ac #i #gj ,,ix-,b ,d5om9ations ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,total ,bapti/ ,nor? #a #a #b #j #d ,bapti/ ,s\? #j #j #j #e #e #i ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ or ,*ri/ian #j #a #a #a #c ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ 7,unprogressive7 #j #j #j #c #c ,congregational #j #b #c #j #e ,evangelical ,association #j #a #j #j #a ,lu!ran3 ,norwegian ,lu!ran ( ,am]ica #j #a #j #j #a ,g]man #j #j #a #j #a ,sw$i% #j #j #a #j #a #e ,poli% #j #j #a #j #a ,o!rs #j #a #j #j #a ,me?odi/ ,nor? #b #f #e #aj #bc ,me?odi/ ,s\? #j #j #j #f #f #bi ,naz>5es #j #j #j #a #a ,presbyt]ian 9 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 #c #a #a #b #g ,prote/ant ,episcopal #a #a #a #j #c ,sev5? ,day ,adv5ti/ #j #j #a #a #b ,unit$ ,bre?r5 #j #j #j #b #b -- -- -- -- -- ,total #g #ae #ag #ca #gj ,) s _m d5om9ations at "w 9 ! field1 e squ>e mile ( inhabit$ area ought to be rea*$4 ,b l>ge areas & _m p are n ev5 t\*$ by ! *ur*4 ,x-,a ,,resid5ce ,,& ,,activity ,,( ,,*ur* ,,memb]s ,,by ,,types ,,( ,,communities ,*ur*es 9 ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,net active memb]s #faf #dig #a1agh #a1ffe #c1ief ,inactive #abi #ff #bba #fjg #a1jac ,non-resid5t #aeb #fj #ahf #dec #hea ,total enrollm5t #hig #fbc #a1ege #b1gbe #e1hbj ,av]age p] congregation #bf #de #aba #cjc #hc ,x-,b ,,by ,,c\nties ,*ur*es 9 ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,total ,net active memb]s #cde #hhd #a1ihh #gci #c1ief ,inactive #if #gd #fdf #aig #a1jac ,non-resid5t #id #ajh #dif #aec #hea ,total enrollm5t #ece #a1jff #c1acj #a1jhi #e1hbj ,av]age p] congregation #gf #ga #ahd #ce #hc ,! non-resid5t memb] is an unatta*$ ,*ri/ian & no "o looks out = him4 ,,xi-,a ,,*ur*es ,,classifi$ ,,accord+ ,,to ,,size ,,by ,,types ,,( ,,communities ,*ur*es ) a net active memb]%ip (3 ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total #be or less #bf #g #b #a #cf #bf to #ej #g #d #a #a #ac #ea to #ajj #a #c #e #a #aj #aja to #aej #j #j #c #a #d ,ov] #aej #j #j #b #e #g -- -- -- -- -- ,total #cd #ad #ac #i #gj ,,xi-,b ,,by ,,c\nties ,*ur*es ) a net active memb]%ip (3 ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,total #be or less #c #g #d #bb #cf #bf to #ej #a #b #e #e #ac #ea to #ajj #b #c #b #c #aj #aja to #aej #a #a #a #a #d ,ov] #aej #j #b #e #j #g -- -- -- -- -- ,total #g #ae #ag #ca #gj ,scatt]$ & transi5t population toge!r ) d5om9ational competition has result$ 9 a l>ge proportion ( small *ur*es4 ,,xii ,,h[ ,,! ,,*ur*es ,,h ,,gr[n ,,dur+ ,a ,,"o-,,ye> ,,p]iod ,,by ,,types ,,( ,,communities ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,total ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,numb] ,p] ,c5t ,c5t ,c5t ,c5t ,c5t ,ga9$ #ab #ce #g #ej #aj #gg #h #hi #cg #ec ,/ation>y #i #bg #f #dc #a #h #j #j #af #bc ,decl9$ #ac #ch #a #g #b #ae #a #aa #ag #bd -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- -- --- ,total #cd #ajj #ad #ajj #ac #ajj #i #ajj #gj #ajj ,! ga9 9 *ur* memb]%ip increases ) ! size ( ! community4 ,,xiii ,,memb]%ip ,,ga9 ,,( ,,! ,,*ur*es ,,organiz$ ,,t5 ,,ye>s ,,or ,,m1 ,,dur+ ,,! ,,la/ ,,t5 ,,ye>s ,n9e ,sev5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,ye> ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,total #aiaj #beg #aff #a1aig #a1jab #b1fcb #aiae #cjc #bgh #a1che #b1jaa #c1igg #aibj #cbf #bga #a1ege #b1ffj #d1heb ,village & ,c\ntry ,*ur*es ,increas$ #da ,t[n & ,city ,*ur*es ,increas$ #ib4 ,,xiv ,,age ,,& ,,sex ,,( ,,resid5t ,,memb]s ,by ,c\nties ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,m5 ov] #ba #bd #ca #ca #cc ,wom5 ov] #ba #ee #de #dg #dg ,"y m5 & boys "u #ba #h #aj #i #g ,"y wom5 & girls "u #ba #ac #ad #ac #ac ,! *ur*es are n w9n+ ! boys & girls4 ,!y ne$ bett] recreational me?ods & broad] programs4 ,,xv ,,ways ,,( ,,rais+ ,,money ,a ,,city ,beav]head ,k ,,village ,%]idan ,b ,,city ,hughes ,l ,,village ,union ,c ,,city ,%]idan ,m ,,c\ntry ,beav]head ,d ,,city ,union ,n ,,c\ntry ,hughes ,e ,,t[n ,beav]head ,o ,,c\ntry ,%]idan ,f ,,t[n ,hughes ,p ,,c\ntry ,union ,g ,,t[n ,%]idan ,q ,,entire ,,c\nty ,beav]head ,h ,,t[n ,union ,r ,,entire ,,c\nty ,hughes ,i ,,village ,beav]head ,s ,,entire ,,c\nty ,%]idan ,j ,,village ,hughes ,t ,,entire ,,c\nty ,union ,numb] ( *ur*es )3 ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g ,h ,i ,j ,k ,l ,m ,n ,o ,p ,q ,r ,s ,t ,budget = all monies #j #j #e #j #baa #c #j #a #j #b #j #a #j #d #d #c #b #i #i #e ,budget = local exp5ses only #j #j #a #j #a #c #j #a #j #a #j #j #j #j #j #b #a #d #a #c ,annual e memb] canvass #j #j #f #j #caa #e #j #b #j #d #j #a #j #c #d #d #c #ab #aj #g ,bo? budget & e memb] canvass #j #j #f #j #caa #e #j #a #j #c #j #a #j #c #d #c #c #aa #aj #e ,no budget & no e memb] canvass #j #j #c #j #j #j #j #j #j #a #j #d #j #j #a #aa #j #j #d #af ,total numb] ( *ur*es #j #j #i #j #d #f #j #c #b #e #b #e #a #d #f #bc #g #ae #ag #ca ,a fair proportion ( ! *ur*es are us+ mod]n me?ods ( f9anc+ _! "w4 ,,xvi ,,occupations ,,( ,,*ur* ,,memb]s ,a ,numb] ( ,memb]s ,b ,p] ,c5t ( ,total ,*ur*es ,locat$ 9 ,,city ,,t[n ,,village ,,c\ntry ,,entire ,,c\nty ,a ,b ,a ,b ,a ,b ,a ,b ,a ,b ,beav]head3 ,retir$ f>m]s #f #e4g #f #e4c ,op]at+ f>m]s #bh #bf4f #bh #bd4h ,f>m r5t]s ,f>m labor]s ,bus9ess or pr(essional #ea #dh4f #b #dj #b #ff4g #ee #dh4g ,all o!rs #bj #ai4a #c #fj #a #cc4c #bd #ba4b ,total report+ occupations #aje #ajj #e #ajj #c #ajj #aac #ajj ,hughes3 ,retir$ f>m]s #f #b4h #a #a4g #g #b4e ,op]at+ f>m]s #h #c4h #cd #eh4g #f #ge #dh #ag4b ,f>m r5t]s #ab #bj4g #a #ab4e #ac #d4g ,f>m labor]s ,bus9ess or pr(essional #aad #ec4e #f #aj4c #abj #dc ,all o!rs #he #ci4i #e #h4f #a #ab4e #ia #cb4f ,total report+ occupations #bac #ajj #eh #ajj #h #ajj #bgi #ajj ,%]idan3 ,retir$ f>m]s #af #b4c #af #b ,op]at+ f>m]s #di #g4b #da #ea4h #ij #aa4a ,f>m r5t]s #h #ab #ae #ai #bc #b4h ,f>m labor]s #e 4#g #e 4#f ,bus9ess or pr(essional #agi #bf4b #f #g4f #ahe #bb4i ,all o!rs #dbf #fb4d #di #ajj #ag #ba4f #dib #fj4f ,total report+ occupations #fhc #ajj #di #ajj #gi #ajj #haa #ajj ,union3 ,retir$ f>m]s #a #a ,op]at+ f>m]s #ac #af4d #da #fbb #df #hj4a #ajj #di4e ,f>m r5t]s #c #e4a #c #a4e ,f>m labor]s #c #e4a #c #a4e ,bus9ess or pr(essional #cf #de4f #aa #af4f #c #e4a #ej #bd4g ,all o!rs #cj #ch #ad #bab #b #c4f #df #bb4h ,total report+ occupations #gi #ajj #ff #ajj #eg #ajj #bjb #ajj ,( ! f\r c\nties1 ,union is ! only "o ) a high] p]c5tage ( f>m]s on its rolls ?an ( m5 9 o!r occupations4 ,yet ov] half ! *ur*es 9 ! f\r c\nties are c\ntry *ur*es4 ,,xvii-,a ,,! ,,am\nt ,,( ,,money ,,rais$ ,,& ,,sp5t ,! am\nt rais$ by ! local *ur*es is #ig1ega4ih4 ,p] c5t4 ,subscription #gj1iaj4gd #gb4fh ,collections #i1dfd4bd #i4g ,all o!r me?ods #ag1aig4jj #ag4fb ---------- #ig1ega4ih ,,xvii-,b ,! am\nt sp5t by ! local *ur*es is #if1iib4he4 ,p] c5t4 ,sal>ies #da1bfh4gi #dc4 ,missions & b5evol5ces #bd1feg4ee #be4 ,upkeep & all o!r exp5ses #ca1jff4ea #cb4 ,! entire am\nt sp5t = *ur* purposes is #aaj1jhj4ce4 ,p] c5t4 ,sal>ies #ed1cef4biab #di4 ,missions & b5evol5ces #bd1feg4ee #bc4 ,upkeep & all o!r exp5ses #ca1jff4ea #bh4 ,( ! entire *ur* doll>1 ab\t #ab p] c5t4 comes f ,d5om9ational ,bo>ds4 ,,xviii ,,receipts ,,p] ,,*ur* ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,?irty-"o ,f\rte5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,sixty-six ,f3 ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,subscription #bce4de #ebf4ea #a1igb4ic #c1hbd4jd #a1jgd4da ,collections #eg4ii #ajf4eg #bed4ce #ceh4di #adc4dj ,all o!r me?ods #ab4if #big4db #deh4ja #hcd4fc #bfj4ee ------- ------- --------- --------- --------- ,total #cjf4dj #icj4ej #b1fhe4bi #e1jag4af #a1dgh4cf ,,xix ,,receipts ,,p] ,,active ,,memb] ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,?irty-"o ,f\rte5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,sixty-six ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,subscription #ab4ci #ad4jg #ba4gg #ah4fe #ah4jd ,collections #c4je #b4he #b4ha #a4ge #b4da ,all o!r me?ods 4#fh #g4ie #e4je #d4jg #d4cg ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ,total #af4ab #bd4hg #bi4fc #bd4dg #bd4hb ,! av]age active memb] is g5]\s 9 ! support ( 8 *ur*4 ,,xx ,,exp5ditures ,,p] ,,*ur* ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,?irty-"o ,f\rte5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,sixty-six ,=3 ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,sal>ies #bbj4ab #cff4dc #a1bdg4ca #a1fcg4ej #fbe4bh ,missions & ,b5evol5ces #db4ei #aag4he #fch4hd #a1fgb4ge #cgc4fj ,upkeep & all o!r exp5ses #dj4ie #dda4fc #gid4bb #a1ffa4ah #dgj4gj ------- ------- --------- --------- --------- ,total #cjc4ff #ibe4ia #b1fhj4cg #d1iga4dc #a1dfi4eh ,,xxi ,,exp5ditures ,,p] ,,active ,,memb] ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,?irty-"o ,f\rte5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,sixty-six ,=3 ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,sal>ies #aa4ei #i4gi #ac4gf #g4ii #aj4ej ,missions & ,b5evol5ces #b4bd #c4ae #g4je #h4af #f4bg ,upkeep & all o!r exp5ses #b4af #aa4hj #h4gf #h4aj #g4ij ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ,total #ae4ii #bd4gd #bi4eg #bd4be #bd4fg ,,xxii-,a ,,h[ ,a ,,typical ,,doll> ,,is ,,rais$ ,,& ,,sp5t ,,by ,,! ,,local ,,*ur*es ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,?irty-"o ,f\rte5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,sixty-six ,by3 ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,subscription 4#gg 4#eg 4#gd 4#gf 4#gc ,collections 4#ai 4#aa 4#ji 4#jg 4#aj ,all o!r me?ods 4#jd 4#cb 4#ag 4#ag 4#ag ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ,total #a4jj #a4jj #a4jj #a4jj #a4jj ,,xxii-,b ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,?irty-"o ,f\rte5 ,?irte5 ,eight ,sixty-six ,=3 ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,sal>y 4#gb 4#ci 4#df 4#cc 4#dc ,missions & ,b5evol5ces 4#ad 4#ac 4#bd 4#cd 4#be ,upkeep & all o!r exp5ses 4#ad 4#dh 4#cj 4#cc 4#cb ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ,total #a4jj #a4jj #a4jj #a4jj #a4jj ,on ! av]age1 ^! *ur*es devote "o-f\r? ( _! receipts to b5evol5ces4 ,,xxiii ,,grad+ ,,= ,,home ,,mission ,,fields--,,presbyt]ian ,,*ur* ,,9 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,a4 ,promis+ ,field3 #a4 ,prospect ( self-support4 #b4 ,/rategic s]vice opportunity4 ,b4 ,problematic ,field3 #a4 ,unc]ta9 ( community developm5t4 #b4 ,d5om9ational responsibility unc]ta94 ,c4 ,field to be rel9qui%$3 #a4 ,%\ld be self-su/a9+4 #b4 ,"w %\ld be discont9u$4 ,?is w\ld be a good te/ to apply to e aid$ *ur* on ! ,range4 ,,xxiv ,,numb] ,,( ,,*ur* ,,s]vices ,numb] ( ,s]vices ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city a ,mon? ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,*ur*es ,total ,eight #c #cac #abad #g #be ,sev5 #j #j #j #j #j ,six #j #j #a #j #a ,five #j #j #j #j #j ,f\r #f #fac #j #b #ad ,?ree #j #j #j #j #j ,two #i #c #j #j #ab ,"o #ab #j #j #j #ab ,no regul> s]vice #b #b #j #j #d ,s]vices 9 summ] only #b #j #j #j #b -- -- -- -- -- ,total #cd #ad #ac #i #gj ,ab\t ?ree h\rs a week set aside = *ur* s]vices & ,sunday s*ool means six days a ye>2 only tw5ty-five out ( sev5ty *ur*es h z l>ge a numb]4 ,,xxv ,,att5dance ,,at ,,s]vices ,,comp>$ ,,) ,,seat+ ,,capacity ,,& ,,active ,,memb]%ip ,beav]head ,hughes ,%]idan ,union ,av]age seat+ capacity #aig #bgg #bhf #afj ,av]age active memb]%ip #di #ei #aag #bd ,av]age att5dance at s]vices #eb #ej #hj #fg ,an av]age att5dance "o-?ird less ?an ! seat+ capacity means _m empty seats4 ,,xxvi ,,organizations ,,9 ,,! ,,*ur*es ,,o!r ,,?an ,,sunday ,,s*ools ,mix$ ,m5 ,wom5 ,gr[n-up ,"y ,p ,numb] ,memb]s ,numb] ,memb]s ,numb] ,memb]s ,numb] ,memb]s ,*ur*es 93 ,c\ntry #j #j #i #aga #j #j #aj #bci ,village #j #j #i #aff #j #j #c #ha ,t[n #b #gd #bb #gaj #j #j #i #cad ,city #e #bbf #af #fce #b #dj #f #bjj -- --- -- ----- -- -- -- --- ,total #g #cjj #ef #a1fhb #b #dj #bh #hcd ,boys ,girls ,boys & ,girls ,numb] ,memb]s ,numb] ,memb]s ,numb] ,memb]s #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #j #c #ed #e #abh #b #gc #a #ae #c #id #j #j -- -- -- --- -- -- #d #fi #h #bbb #b #gc ,wom5's organizations are num]\s2 m5 h only "o-eigh? z _m4 ,less ?an half ( ! *ur*es h "y p's organizations4 ,,xxvii ,,numb] ,,( ,,pa/ors ,,:o ,,h ,,s]v$ ,,! ,,*ur*es ,,:i* ,,h ,,be5 ,,organiz$ ,,t5 ,,ye>s ,,or ,,m ,a ,"o ,pa/or ,f ,six ,pa/ors ,b ,two ,pa/ors ,g ,sev5 ,pa/ors ,c ,?ree ,pa/ors ,h ,eight ,pa/ors ,d ,f\r ,pa/ors ,i ,n9e ,pa/ors ,e ,five ,pa/ors ,*ur*es 93 ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g ,h ,i ,c\ntry #a #a #b #b #b #c #a #j #a ,village #a #a #a #b #a #a #c #a #j ,t[n #j #a #c #d #b #b #a #j #j ,city #a #b #a #b #b #j #j #j #j -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ,total #c #e #g #aj #g #f #e #a #a ,! turn-ov] on ! "p ( ! m9i/]s has be5 high4 ,two-?irds ( ^! *ur*es h _h a new m9i/] e two & "o half ye>s or (t5]4 ,,xxviii ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,pa/ors ,,9 ,,relation ,,to ,,_! ,,*ur*es ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,*ur*es )3 ,pa/or resid5t 9 p>i% #h #hae #aj #h #cd ,pa/or resid5t 9 community b n 9 p>i% #d #j #j #j #d ,pa/or resid5t 9 o!r community 9 same c\nty #ab #b #j #j #ad ,pa/or resid5t 9 ano!r c\nty #c #j #a #j #d ,no regul> pa/or #d #d #b #j #aj ,supply pa/or #c #j #j #a #d -- -- -- -- -- ,total #cd #ad #ac #i #gj ,ab\t half ( ! *ur*es h _! m9i/]s resid5t among ! memb]s4 ,,xxix ,,sal>ies ,,( ,,m9i/]s ,,accord+ ,,to ,,proportion ,,( ,,"t ,,devot$ ,,to ,,! ,,m9i/ry ,m9i/]s ,giv+ ,m9i/]s ,full ,"t to ) o!r ,m9i/ry ,occupation ,) ,"o ,) ,m ,?an ,*ur* ,"o ,*ur* ,pa/ors receiv+3#af ,ov] #b1jjj #f #c #a1eja-b1jjj #d #c #b #a1bja-a1ejj #e #c #j #a1jja-a1bjj #b #b #j #gea-a1jjj #j #c #a #eja- #gej #a #j #j #aja- #ejj #j #j #b #ajj or less #j #j #a ,no sal>y #j #j #b -- -- -- ,total #ah #ad #h ,) ! high co/ ( liv+1 x is difficult to su/a9 adequate family life on _m ( ^! sal>ies4 ,x is n /range t eight ( ! m9i/]s mu/ e>n "p ( _! support at o!r occupations4 ,,xxx ,,ga9 ,,& ,,loss ,,9 ,,memb]%ip ,,z ,,relat$ ,,to ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,m9i/]s 7,"o ye> p]iod7 ,*ur*es )3 ,c\ntry ,village ,t[n ,city ,total ,resid5t m9i/] #h #hag #aj #h #cd ,numb] ga9+ #d #e #g #g #bc ,numb] /ation>y #b #c #b #j #g ,numb] los+ #b #j #a #a #d ,non-resid5t m9i/] #ai #b #a #j #bb ,numb] ga9+ #e #b #a #j #h ,numb] /ation>y #ag #j #j #j #g ,numb] los+ #g #j #j #j #g ,ab\t two-?irds ( ! *ur*es ) resid5t m9i/]s made a ga9 9 memb]%ip2 ( ! *ur*es ) non-resid5t m9i/]s only ab\t "o-?ird %[ a ga94 ,f\rte5 *ur*es 7 ei!r pa/orless or 7 s]v$ by a supply4 ,six ( !m made a ga9 dur+ ! ye> prec$+ ! survey4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,see ,wilson1 ,sectional ,*>act]i/ics1 ,homel&s1 ,augu/1 #aibj4 #b ,a monum5t to ,sacajawea 0 erect$ 9 ,arm/ead 9 #aiae4 #c ,?ree c\ntry *ur*es rais$ no money dur+ ! ye> & "o city *ur*1 :i* ti!s1 did n h f9ancial figures available4 #d ,see ,table ,,xxiii4 #e #ag c\ntry *ur*es h build+s4 #f #ac village *ur*es h build+s4 #g ,! memb]%ip ( ! sep>ate boys' & girls' organizations _c be add$ "h because x w\ld involve duplication4 #h ,! capital lett]s 9 p>5!ses 9 ! ,table indicate ! respective c\nties1 ,beav]head1 ,hughes1 ,%]idan1 ,union4 #i ,9 d]iv+ ^! figures ! ,c5sus ,bo>d has includ$ ! =e/ res]ve t]ritory4 ,! foll[+ figures 7 obta9$ by exclud+ ?is area 7) ! exception ( ! inhabit$ portion ( ,beav]head73 ,total d5sity p] squ>e mile ( ,beav]head #b4a ,total d5sity p] squ>e mile ( ,%]idan #i4b ,on ! ,range ! developm5t ( c5t]s is j beg9n+4 #aj ,! ,c5sus does n give ,spani%-,am]ican sep>ately4 ,!y are ( c\rse native-born & are includ$ "u t division4 ,p] c5t4 ( native increase is #bj4g 9 ,beav]head = #aiaj-bj decrease #d4a ,hughes #aiaj-bj increase #ab4a ,%]idan #aiaj-bj #cb4b ,union #aiaj-bj ,9 ,%]idan1 ! ,new ,am]icans are 9 ! m9es2 9 ! o!r c\nties1 !y are on ! l&4 #aa ,two f$]at$ *ur*es h a s+le budget & a s+le canvass4 #ab #gf4cg ( ?is am\nt 0 rais$ by local *ur*es4 ,! re/ came f ! d5om9ational bo>ds4 #ac ,"o *ur* 9 ea* ( ^! gr\ps unites regul>ly ) a *ur* hold+ eight s]vices4 #ad ,"o *ur* 9 ?is gr\p also has f\r week day s]vices4 ,"o *ur* has its f\r s]vices on week day nights & has no ,sunday s]vices4 #ae ,"o *ur* 9 ?is gr\p has two resid5t social work]s4 #af ,includ+ #bej r5tal value ( p>sonage if !re is "o4 #ag ,"o *ur* 9 ?is gr\p has two resid5t social work]s4 ,,unique ,,/udies ,,( ,,rural ,,am]ica ,,t[n ,,& ,,c\ntry ,,s]ies ,,twelve ,,volumes ,,made ,,"u ,,! ,,direction ,,( ,,edmund ,,des4 ,,brunn]1 ,,ph4,d4 ,:at ! ,prote/ant ,*ur*es ,are ,do+ & ,c ,d = ,rural ,am]ica--,! ,results ( ,tw5ty-six ,int5sive ,c\nty ,surveys ,description ,publication ,date 7#a7 ,*ur* & ,community ,survey ( ,salem ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,j4 ,ready 7#b7 ,*ur* & ,community ,survey ( ,p5d ,oreille ,c\nty1 ,wa%+ton ,ready 7#c7 ,*ur* & ,community ,survey ( ,s$gwick ,c\nty1 ,kansas ,ready 7#d7 ,religion 9 ! ,old & ,new ,s\? ,=?com+ 7#e7 ,! ,new & ,old ,immigrant on ! ,l&1 z se5 9 two ,wiscons9 ,c\nties ,ready 7#f7 ,rural ,*ur* ,life 9 ! ,middle ,we/ ,ready 7#g7 ,! ,c\ntry ,*ur* 9 ,colonial ,c\nties ,ready 7#h7 ,irrigation & ,religion1 a /udy ( two prosp]\s ,cali=nia ,c\nties ,ready 7#i7 ,! ,*ur* on ! ,*ang+ ,fronti] ,ready 7#aj7 ,! ,rural ,*ur* ,be=e & ,aft] ! ,w>1 ,comp>ative ,/udies ( ,two ,surveys ,=?com+ 7#aa7 ,! ,c\ntry ,*ur* 9 ,indu/rial ,zones ,ready 7#ab7 ,! ,t[n & ,c\ntry ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,=?com+ ,!y are f9e pieces ( "w & examples ( :at we ne$ to h done on a l>ge scale4 ,dr4 ,*>les ,a4 ,ellwood1 ,dept4 ( ,sociology1 ,univ]sity ( ,miss\ri4 ,i am he>tily appreciative ( ^! spl5did results4 ,rev4 ,*>les ,s4 ,macf>l&1 ,g5l4 ,secy41 ,f$]al ,c\ncil ( ! ,*ur*es ( ,*ri/ 9 ,am]ica4 ,publi%$ by ,,george ,h4 ,,doran ,,company1 ,new ,york ,,= ,,committee ,,on ,,social ,,& ,,religi\s ,,surveys #aaa ,,fif? ,,av5ue1 ,,new ,,york