,ga9sbor\gh  ,by ,max ,ro?s*ild         
,,ma/]pieces ,,9 ,,col\r ,,s]ies        
,,arti/4                 ,,au?or4       
,,velazquez4              ,s4 ,l4       
,,b5susan4 ,,reynolds4               ,s4
 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,turn]4                
,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,romney4            
,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,greuze4            
,,alys ,,eyre ,,mackl94 ,,botticelli4   
,,h5ry ,b4 ,,b9ns4 ,,rossetti4          
,,luci5 ,,piss>ro4 ,,bell9i4            
,,george ,,hay4 ,,fra ,,angelico4       
,,james ,,mason4 ,,rembr&t4             
,,josef ,,israels4 ,,leighton4          
,a4 ,,lys ,,baldry4 ,,raphael4          
,,paul ,g4 ,,konody4 ,,holman ,,hunt4   
,,m>y ,e4 ,,col]idge4 ,,titian4         
,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,millais4           
,a4 ,,lys ,,baldry4 ,,c>lo ,,dolci4     
,,george ,,hay4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4           
,,max ,,ro?s*ild4 ,,t9toretto4          
,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,lu9i4              
,,james ,,mason4 ,,franz ,,hals4        
,,edgcumbe ,,/aley4 ,,van ,,dyck4       
,,p]cy ,m4 ,,turn]4 ,,leon>do ,,da      

,,v9ci4      ,m4 ,w4 ,,brockwell4       
,,rub5s4                 ,s4 ,l4        
,,b5susan4 ,,:i/l]4               ,t4   
,,m>t9 ,,wood4 ,,holbe94                
,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,burne-,,jones4     
,a4 ,,lys ,,baldry4 ,,vigee ,,le ,,brun4
          ,c4 ,,haldane ,,macfall4      
,,*>d94                ,,paul ,g4       
,,konody4 ,,fragon>d4              ,c4  
,,haldane ,,macfall4 ,,meml9c4          
,w4 ,h4 ,j4  ,j4 ,c4 ,,weale4           
,,con/able4              ,c4 ,,lewis    
,,h9d4 ,,raeburn4                ,,james
 ,l4 ,,caw4 ,,john ,s4 ,,s>g5t4         
,t4 ,,m>t9 ,,wood4 ,,lawr5ce4           
,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,d,ue,r,e,r4         
,h4 ,e4 ,a4 ,,fur/4 ,,millet4           
,,p]cy ,m4 ,,turn]4 ,,watteau4          
,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,hog>?4             
,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d4 ,,murillo4           
,s4 ,l4 ,,b5susan4 ,,watts4             
,w4 ,,l(tus ,,h>e4 ,,+res4              
,a4 ,j4 ,,f9b]g4 ,,corot4               
,,sidney ,,allnutt4 ,,delacroix4        
,,paul ,g4 ,,konody4  ,o!rs 9           

,prep>ation4   ,,plate ,i4--,,mrs4      
,,siddons4 7,frontispiece7       ,?is   
fam\s portrait ( ,mrs4 ,siddons 0 pa9t$ 
9 #aghd4      ,x is "o ( ! *ief ornam5ts
 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1      ,london4 ,x
 repres5ts ! celebrat$ actress 9 h]     
tw5ty-n9? ye>4 ,! picture 0 pur*as$ 9   
#ahfb f      a relative ( ,mrs4         
,siddons4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate        
,i4--,,mrs4 ,,siddons4     ,ga9sbor\gh  
,,by ,,max ,,ro?s*ild  ,,illu/rat$ ,,)  
,,eight ,,reproductions ,,9 ,,col\r     
,illu/ration  ,,london3 ,t4 ,c4  ,e4 ,c4
 ,,jack ,,new ,,york3 ,,fr$]ick ,a4     
,,/okes ,,co4     ,,cont5ts             
,page    ,i4 ,pa9t+ 9 ,engl& be=e       
,ga9sbor\gh                  #aa   ,,ii4
 ,ga9sbor\gh's ,e>ly ,life--,ipswi* &   
,ba?              #be  ,,iii4           
,ga9sbor\gh's ,life 9 ,london--,la/     
,ye>s & ,dea?      #df   ,,iv4          
,ga9sbor\gh's ,works                    
#fe     ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations        
,plate     ,i4 ,mrs4 ,siddons           
,frontispiece         ,at ! ,national   

,gall]y1 ,london                        
,page   ,,ii4 ,ralph ,s*omb]g1 ,m4,d4   
#ad         ,at ! ,national ,gall]y1    
,london   ,,iii4 ,que5 ,*>lotte         
#bd         ,at ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum 
,,iv4 ,! ,blue ,boy                     
#cd         ,at ,grosv5or ,h\se     ,v4 
,! ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,graham                  
#dj         ,at ! ,national ,gall]y (   
,scotl&1 ,ed9burgh    ,,vi4 ,! ,du*ess (
 ,devon%ire                             
#ej         ,9 ! collection ( ,e>l      
,sp5c]1 ,k4,g4   ,,vii4 ,mrs4           
,rob9son--,p]dita                       
#fj         ,at ! ,wallace ,collection  
,,viii4 ,miss ,hav]field                
#gj         ,at ! ,wallace ,collection  
,illu/ration  ,i  ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,engl&   
,,be=e ,,ga9sbor\gh   ,! ,briti% s*ool (
 pa9t+ 01 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! o!r nations ( 
,we/]n ,europe1 ! late/ to develop4 ,9  
,italy1 ,spa91 ,france1 ! ,ne!rl&s1     
,g]many1 & ev5 ,sc&9avia pa9t+ &        
sculpture fl\ri%$ z e>ly z ! ,go?ic     
,age1 & 9 mo/ ( ^! c\ntries !           

,r5aissance produc$ a ho/ ( craftsm5 ^: 
works /ill endure among ! mo/ sup]b     
creations ( arti/ic g5ius4 ,x is n[     
inexact to say t !re 0 no primitive     
p]iod 9 ,briti% ,art2 ! ?irte5?1        
f\rte5?1 & fifte5? c5turies1 s respl5d5t
 on ! ,cont95t ) pictures & /atues      
reflect+ ! "*1 ! aspirations1 !         
temp]am5t ( ! respective peoples t      
produc$ !m1 produc$ works ( art also 9  
^! isl&s4 ,!re are ample records (      
pictures hav+ be5 pa9t$ 9 ,engl&1 bo?   
religi\s subjects & portraits1 at a v   
e>ly age1 z f> back ev5 z ! reign (     
,h5ry ,,iii42 ( su* remote productions  
little has be5 pres]v$1 b !re are /ill  
extant a few specim5s1 f ! ?irte5?      
c5tury onw>ds1 z well z portraits (     
,h5ry ,,vi41 ,h5ry ,,vii41 & effigies ( 
pr9ces & e>ls1 :i* cause u to m\rn !    
loss ( a l>ge numb] ( pa9t+s2 !y are at 
times grotesque & s ?or\ghly bad z to be
 a q negligible quantity z works ( art1 
?\gh no d\bt hi/orically int]e/+4       
,,plate ,,ii4--,,ralph ,,s*omb]g1 ,m4,d4

       ,?is canvas c be se5 9 !         
,national ,gall]y1 &      repres5ts a   
memb] ( ! family ( ,field-,m>%al ,duke  
,s*omb]g1 :o 0 kill$ 9 #afij at !       
,battle ( !      ,boyne4 ,x is pa9t$ 9 !
 fa%ion ( ! "t1 a full      figure 9 !  
op5 air1 & is a v f9e example (         
,ga9sbor\gh's "w4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate
 ,,ii4--,,ralph ,,s*omb]g1 ,m4,d4  ,x   
may be /at$ = our purposes t until !    
reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ! art ( pa9t+ 0   
non-exi/5t 9 ,engl&4 ,?is luxuri\s &    
lib]al mon>* x 0 :o fir/ gave any real &
 disc]n+ enc\ragem5t to art1 & ! ye>    
#aebf mu/ ev] be memorable z ! "o 9 :i* 
0 laid ! f\ndation-/one ( ,briti% ,art4 
,9 t ye> ! ,e>l ( ,arundel return$ f a  
j\rney on ! ,cont95t2 he 0 accompani$ by
 a "y man ( p[]ful build1 ) a sw>?y     
s5sual face1 a neck l a bull1 & an eye  
unlikely to endure contradiction4 ,?is 0
 ,hans ,holbe91 :o 0 !n ?irty ye>s (    
age1 & ^: fame _h already be5 spread f> 
& wide by ! eloqu5t praises ( ,erasmus4 
,:e!r ! mon>* appreciat$ ! dep? &       

subtlety ( ! pa9t]'s g5ius bett] ?an did
 8 own fell[-citiz5s ( ,basle1 or :e!r 8
 attitude t[>ds him 0 prompt$ by a s5se 
( vanity & o/5tation is a "q ( little   
mom5t2 ! fact rema9s t he succe$$ by 8  
fav\r & a p5sion ( two hundr$ flor9s 9  
fix+ ! pa9t] at ! ,engli% c\rt1 & ?us   
r5d]$ an incomp>able s]vice to 8        
c\ntry's art4 ,) ! exception ( a few    
l5g?y excursions abroad1 ,holbe9 liv$   
cont9u\sly 9 ,engl& = tw5ty-eight ye>s1 
until 8 dea? ( ! plague 9 #aedc4  ,! art
 ( ,holbe91 ) all 8 g5ius1 ) all 8      
success & popul>ity at c\rt1 does n seem
 to h tak5 root 9 ,engl&4 ,! soil 0 n   
cong5ial1 & :5 ! plant )]$ no (f-%oots  
rema9$ beh9d2 he =m$ no s*ool 9 ?is     
c\ntry1 _h no pupils capable ( c>ry+ on 
8 "w1 & cont9u+ 8 tradition4 ,) 8 dea?1 
! fir/ %ort *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( art 9    
,great ,brita9 closes l a book1 & = a "t
 x looks z ?\gh ! se$s s[n by ,h5ry     
,,viii4 7 de/9$ nev] to be> fruit4 ,b "o
 notable result _h be5 atta9$2 pa9t+ _h 
ga9$ a place 9 popul> e/imation1 &      

succe$+ sov]eigns foll[$ ,h5ry's example
 9 attract+ to ,engl& tal5t$ arti/s f   
ov] seas4 ,?us ,antonio ,moro came = a  
brief p]iod to ! c\rt ( ,m>y2 ,lucas de 
,he]e1 ,zuc*]o1 & ,van ,som] to t (     
,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,dur+ ?is reign1 = !   
fir/ "t1 di/9ction is obta9$ by two     
arti/s ( ,briti% bir?1 ! m9iature pa9t]s
 ,hilli>d & ,oliv]1 b !y aga9 leave no v
 important foll[]s 7) ! exception ( !   
y\ng] ,oliv]71 & _! isolat$ m]it _h no  
%>e 9 ! =mation ( a native s*ool4  ,) ! 
accession ( ,*>les ! ,fir/ art began to 
take a mu* m important position 9 ! life
 ( ! nation4 ,*>les 0 a man (           
consid]able ta/e & ref9$ disc]nm5t2 no  
long] cont5t ) attract+ arti/s to 8     
c\rt1 he began to collect f9e works     
pur*as$ 9 o!r c\ntries1 8 example be+   
foll[$ by 8 bro!r ,pr9ce ,h5ry1 by !    
,e>l ( ,arundel & o!rs among 8 c\rti]s2 
?us ! works ( ! great ,italians f\nd _! 
way into ,engl&4 ,! walls ( ! royal     
palaces blazon$ ) ! h&iwork ( ,raphael &
 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ,correggio &        

,v]onese1 ,titian & ,t9toretto2 f !     
,ne!rl&s came pictures by ,rembr&t &    
,rub5s1 & ! influx ?us />t$ 0 de/9$ to  
cont9ue until ,engl& became ! greate/   
arti/ic /ore-h\se 9 ! _w4  ,! greate/   
arti/ic ev5t ( ! reign ( ,*>les ,i4--!  
mo/ f>-rea*+1 inde$1 9 ! :ole hi/ory (  
art 9 ?is c\ntry--0 ! com+ ( ,van ,dyck 
9 #afcb1 = to 8 influ5ce is directly due
 ! bir? & developm5t ( our native s*ool 
( pa9t+ culm9at+ 9 ! gold5 p]iod ( !    
foll[+ c5tury4  ,van ,dyck 0 ?irty-?ree 
ye>s ( age :5 he came to ,engl&2 8 tal5t
 0 at its highe/ po9t ( p]fection2 he 0 
almo/ imm$iately atta*$ to ! c\rt among 
! royal pa9t]s1 & 8 success 0 rapid &   
unequall$4 ,! k+ & que5 & _! *ildr5 sat 
to him aga9 & aga92 !re 0 no c\rti] or  
noble lady b wi%$ h] portrait to be     
pa9t$ by ! fa%ionable & fasc9at+ arti/1 
& ! habit ( portrait-pa9t+ became s     
firmly e/abli%$ t nei!r ! revolution1   
nor ! ,puritan regime1 :i* foll[$ ! dea?
 ( ,*>les ,i41 7 able to eradicate x4   
,van ,dyck's commissions 7 s num]\s t x 

became impossible = him to execute !    
:ole ( !m ) 8 own h&2 ,van ,dyck1 z 8   
ma/] ,rub5s _h done 9 ,antw]p1 fill$ 8  
/udio ) assi/ants & pupils :om he tra9$1
 & :o frequ5tly pa9t$ ! m unimportant   
portions ( 8 portraits1 su* z drap]ies &
 backgr\nd4 ,9 ?is mann] a consid]able  
numb] ( m5 receiv$ tuition ( ! utmo/    
value1 &1 ?\gh _m ( !m 7 =eign]s1 drawn 
to ,london by ! reports ( successful    
bro!rs ( ! bru%1 a s*ool 0 at la/ f\nd$ 
:i* 0 de/9$ to develop into ! glori\s   
,engli% s*ool ( pa9t+ ( ! eighte5?      
c5tury4  ,! rule ( ! ,protector arre/$ =
 a mom5t ?is developm5t1 b ! impulse    
giv5 0 too /rong to be p]man5tly /opp$1 
& ) ! ,re/oration portrait-pa9t+ fl\ri%$
 aga9 ) increas+ vig\r4 ,! m5 :o atta9$ 
success 7 /ill =eign]s = ! mo/ "p1 &    
cont5t$ !mselves ) be+ weak] reflections
 ( ,van ,dyck4 ,sitt]s dem&$ portraits 9
 ! mann] ( ! ma/]1 & no pa9t] _h ! /r5g?
 ( "* to /ray f a close & (t5 slavi%    
imitation4 ,! be/ ( !m1 l ,lely &       
,knell]1 bo? ,dut*m51 pa9t$ "s good     

portraits b entirely devoid (           
orig9ality4  ,!re arose1 h[ev]1 ab\t ?is
 p]iod a pa9t]1 ,briti% born1 ^: /rong  
p]sonality refus$ to b[ d[n & wor%ip !  
popul> idol1 :ile fully realis+ 8 m]its4
 ,hog>? d>$ to look at ,nature ) 8 own  
eyes in/ead ( ?r\gh ,van ,dyck's        
spectacles1 & despite opposition insi/$ 
on pa9t+ ?+s & p z he saw !m4 ,he refus$
 to give 8 models ! flatt]y to :i* !y 7 
accu/om$1 & 8 portraits 7 accord+ly n s 
popul> z 8 conv]sation pieces4 ,b he _h 
brok5 ! spell3 he _h prov$ t x 0        
possible to be a good pa9t] )\t copy+   
,van ,dyck to ! lett]2 & al?\gh 8       
realism 0 n imitat$ by 8 successors he  
secur$ = !m t measure ( indep5d5ce )\t  
:i* no art c atta9 to greatness4  ,su*  
is1 briefly1 a /atem5t ( ! hi/ory (     
pa9t+ 9 ?is c\ntry until ! middle ( !   
eighte5? c5tury4 ,! rem>kable fact      
appe>s t until ?is comp>atively late    
p]iod !re is no native s*ool wor?y ( !  
"n4 ,b ab\t ?is "t !re is a complete    
*ange1 & !re arises simultane\sly a :ole

 gr\p ( m5 :o =m a g5u9ely national     
s*ool ( ! greate/ brilliancy4 ,briti%   
g5ius ass]ts itself at la/1 & = ! fir/  
"t1 z a di/9ct & indep5d5t entity1      
ackn[l$g+ its indebt$ness to ! great    
ma/]s ( ! _w1 b insi/+ ^u its own       
p]sonal view & temp]am5t4 ,^! m5 accept 
! lessons ( ,van ,dyck1 ( ,rembr&t1 (   
,raphael1 & ( ,titian2 b !y say to ^!   
noble ance/ors3 ,y are great ma/]s1 b   
,nature is also a great mi/ress4 ,x is n
 surpris+1 !n1 t side by side )         
portrait-pa9t+1 sev]al w turn _!        
att5tion to l&scape1 a bran* ( pa9t+ :i*
 hi!rto _h be5 completely neglect$ 9 ?is
 c\ntry1 & 9 ?is bran* also !y w atta9  
no small measure ( success4   ,,plate   
,,iii4--,,que5 ,,*>lotte                
,ga9sbor\gh pa9t$ _m portraits ( ,george
 ! ,?ird's      consort4 ,! bu/ "h      
reproduc$ is 9 ! ,victoria &      ,alb]t
 ,museum4 ,x is a replica1 some:at less 
brilliant 9      col\r1 ( ! picture at  
,w9dsor ,ca/le4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate  
,,iii4--,,que5 ,,*>lotte  ,( all !      

arti/s ( ?is gold5 epo*1 :i* produc$ su*
 m5 z ,reynolds & ,raeburn1 ,romney1    
,hoppn]1 ,lawr5ce1 & ,turn]1 ! mo/      
brilliant & ! mo/ v]satile 0 und\bt$ly  
,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh4     ,,ii            
,,ga9sbor\gh',s ,,e>ly ,,life--,,ipswi* 
,,& ,,ba?   ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh 0 born at
 ,sudbury 9 ,suffolk 9 ,may #agbg2 he 0 
?us f\r ye>s y\ng] ?an ,reynolds1 ?irte5
 ye>s y\ng] ?an ,wilson4 ,he came f a   
respectable family ( old /&+ & 9        
com=table circum/ances4 ,8 fa!r1 ,john  
,ga9sbor\gh1 0 a clo?i] by trade1 & ( 8 
"m little is kn[n save t %e 0 a g5tle & 
k9d woman1 v indulg5t to h] *ildr54 ,!y 
_h f\r daught]s & five sons1 ( :om      
,?omas 0 ! y\nge/4 ,?omas 0 f> f dilig5t
 at s*ool2 he fill$ 8 copy-books )      
sket*es1 & 0 n lo? to play ! truant 9   
ord] to get into ! woods & mead[s1 :]e  
he w\ld sit draw+ trees1 fl[]s1 or      
cattle4 ,a /ory is ev5 told ( 8 hav+ =g$
 8 fa!r's "n to a note ask+ ! s*oolma/] 
to give ,tom a holiday4 ,:5 8 fa!r saw !
 =g$ note he exclaim$1 ,! boy w come to 

be hang$6 b :5 he 0 %[n ! sket*es :i* 8 
son _h made dur+ 8 h\rs ( /ol5 lib]ty he
 *ang$ 8 v]dict to ,! boy w be a g5ius6 
,:atev] !re may be ( tru? 9 ?is pretty  
/ory1 a g5ius ,tom turn$ out to be1 & he
 c]ta9ly %[$ ! mo/ rem>kable tal5t :5 q 
a boy4 ,!re is a picture by him1 pa9t$  
_m ye>s lat]1 ! hi/ory ( :i* %[s t ev5  
at ?is e>ly age he 0 capable ( draw+ a  
man's head rapidly & ) great fidelity to
 ! model4 ,! picture is call$ ,tom      
,pe>tree's ,portrait1 & is a rem9isc5ce 
( an incid5t 9 ! pa9t]'s *ildhood4 ,he 0
 sitt+ "o day 9 8 fa!r's g>d51 conceal$ 
by bu%es1 sket*+ an old pe> tree1 :5 he 
caught sight ( ! head ( a peasant look+ 
ov] ! wall at ! ripe fruit4 ,!          
expression ( eag] cupidity 9 ! man's    
face amus$ ! boy1 :o includ$ x 9 8      
sket*2 he aft]w>ds %[$ x to 8 fa!r1 :o  
recognis$ ! peasant & 0 able1 mu* to !  
latt]'s confusion1 to tax him ) !       
int5tion ( /eal+ 8 pe>s4  ,su* anecdotes
 s]ve to %[ ! arti/'s extraord9>y       
facility ) 8 p5cil ev5 z a *ild1 :5 he  

_h z yet _h no tra9+ or tuition ( any   
k9d4 ,! same valuable quality is evid5c$
 9 ! works ( 8 maturity1 by ! m>vell\s  
fre$om ( 8 te*nique1 & ! brilliancy ( 8 
bru%work4  ,8 fa!r %[$ no opposition to 
8 obvi\s vocation1 & at ! age ( f\rte5  
s5t him to ,london to /udy pa9t+4 ,x is 
unc]ta9 :e!r he w5t direct to ! /udio ( 
,hayman1 or :e!r he work$ fir/ = a :ile 
) ,gravelot4 ,hayman 0 a portrait-pa9t] 
( ability1 a companion & to "s ext5t an 
imitator ( ,hog>?2 ) him "y ,ga9sbor\gh 
le>n$ ! rudim5ts ( 8 art1 ! use ( bru% &
 col\rs1 & ! pr9ciples ( composition2 b 
,hayman c\ld tea* him little m1 & aft]  
/ay+ ) him f\r ye>s he return$ to       
,sudbury4 ,x 0 n long aft] 8 return home
 t he got m>ri$1 an ev5t :i* is amus+ly 
relat$ by ,cunn+ham3 ,x happ5$1 9 "o ( 8
 pictorial excursions among/ ! woods (  
,suffolk1 t he sat d[n to make a sket* (
 "s f9e trees1 ) %eep repos+ bel[1 & "s 
wood-doves roo/+ above1 :5 a "y woman   
ent]$ unexpect$ly ^u ! sc5e1 & 0 at once
 admitt$ into ! l&scape & ! feel+s ( !  

arti/4 ,! "n ( ?is "y lady 0 ,m>g>et    
,burr2 %e 0 ( ,scotti% extraction & 9 h]
 sixte5? ye>1 & to ! *>ms ( good s5se & 
good looks %e add$ a cle> annuity ( two 
hundr$ p\nds4 ,^! are matt]s :i* no     
writ] ( romance w\ld ov]look1 & 7       
accord+ly felt by a "y1 an ard5t1 &     
susceptible man3 nor mu/ ,i omit to tell
 t c\ntry rum\r conf]r$ o!r             
attractions--%e 0 said to be ! natural  
daught] ( "o ( our exil$ pr9ces2 nor 0  
%e :5 a wife & a "m desir\s ( hav+ ?is  
circum/ance =gott54 ,on an occasion (   
h\sehold fe/ivity1 :5 h] husb& 0 high 9 
fame1 %e v9dicat$ "s little o/5tation 9 
h] dress by :isp]+ to h] niece1 n[ ,mrs4
 ,lane1 ',i h "s "r to ?is2 = y "k1 my  
love1 ,i am a pr9ce's daught]4' ,pr9ce's
 daught] or n %e 0 woo$ & won by        
,ga9sbor\gh1 & made him a k9d1 a prud5t1
 & a submissive wife4 ,! c\rt%ip 0 %ort4
 ,! "y pair left ,sudbury1 leas$ a small
 h\se at a r5t ( six p\nds a ye> 9      
,ipswi*1 & mak+ !mselves happy 9 mutual 
love1 conceiv$ !y 7 settl$ = life4  ,x 0

 at ,ipswi*1 & n long aft] 8 arrival    
!re1 t ,ga9sbor\gh made ! acqua9tance ( 
,philip ,?icknesse1 !n ,gov]nor (       
,l&gu>d ,=t1 a man :o 0 to ex]cise      
consid]able influ5ce ^u ! arti/'s life1 
& to :om we owe mu* in=mation conc]n+   
him4 ,?icknesse1 al?\gh he aft]w>ds     
qu>rell$ ) ! pa9t]1 & sl&]$ him 9 a     
v5om\s pamphlet1 0 at fir/ a highly     
useful fri5d & n ung5]\s patron4 ,^u 8  
commission ,ga9sbor\gh pa9t$ :at 0      
probably 8 fir/ important l&scape2 x 0 a
 view ( ,l&gu>d ,=t1 ) figures & %eep 9 
! =egr\nd1 & ! sea1 ) ! e/u>y ( ! ,/\r1 
9 ! di/ance4 ,?is picture 0 un=tunately 
de/roy$ ?r\gh be+ hung ^u a wall built )
 mort> mix$ ) sea wat]2 b we h an       
excell5t engrav+ ( x by ,major1 & ?is   
%[s ! orig9al to h be5 a v f9e          
composition4 ,z remun]ation ,?icknesse  
gave ! arti/ ?irty gu9eas1 & l5t him a  
viol9 ^u :i* ,ga9sbor\gh soon acquir$   
consid]able pr(ici5cy4 ,he reta9$ ?r\gh 
life ! ta/e = music ( :i* we f9d 9 ?is  
incid5t ! fir/ evid5ce2 inde$ he seems  

to h be5 at lea/ z pr\d ( 8 a*ievem5ts 9
 ?is direction z he 0 ( ! creations ( 8 
magic bru%4  ,?r\gh ! protection (      
,?icknesse ,ga9sbor\gh _h at ?is "t no  
lack ( commissions = bo? l&scapes &     
portraits4 ,( ! latt]1 ! mo/ important  
is t ( ,admiral ,v]non 9 ! ,national    
,portrait ,gall]y1 9 :i* ! r$ coat is   
pa9t$ ) extreme c>e4 ,to ?is p]iod      
belongs ! ,miss ,hippisley1 9 !         
collection ( ,sir ,edw>d ,t5nant1 & also
 ! heads ( 8 two daught]s 9 ! ,=/]      
collection at ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum4    
,,plate ,,iv4--,,! ,,blue ,,boy         
,?is _w-fam\s picture1 :i* belongs to ! 
,duke (      ,we/m9/]1 at ,grosv5or     
,h\se1 is a portrait ( ,jona?an         
,buttall--! son ( a weal?y ironmong] :o 
liv$ 9 ,london      at ! corn] ( ,k+    
,/reet & ,greek ,/reet1 ,soho--9 ,van   
,dyck co/ume4       ,probably pa9t$ at  
,ba? ab\t #aggb4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate 
,,iv4--,,! ,,blue ,,boy  ,mo/ (         
,ga9sbor\gh's biograph]s h treat$       
,?icknesse ) b scant ju/ice4 ,no d\bt he

 0 a self-satisfi$ & ov]be>+ man1 :o _h 
! fail+ ( wi%+ to manage ! lives ( ^? :o
 came into contact ) him1 & :o 0 equally
 prompt to take (f5ce1 & to (f5d 9      
retaliation ^? :o w\ld n be l$ by 8     
dictatorial advice4 ,b 9 ! case (       
,ga9sbor\gh1 he c]ta9ly r5d]$ him ! mo/ 
inappreciable s]vices1 & 9 ! qu>rel t   
foll[$ ! arti/ 0 probably almo/ z mu* to
 blame z ! patron4 ,be t z x may1 x 0 on
 ,?icknesse's initiative1 & on 8        
initiative alone1 t ,ga9sbor\gh remov$ f
 ,ipswi* to ,ba? 9 ! ye> #ageh4 ,!      
importance ( ?is move _c be ov]rat$1 &  
po/]ity1 no less ?an ! pa9t] himself1   
owes to ,philip ,?icknesse a consid]able
 debt ( gratitude = hav+ be5 in/rum5tal 
9 br++ x to pass4 ,! horizon at ,ipswi* 
0 /rictly limit$2 & al?\gh no d\bt      
,ga9sbor\gh's g5ius 0 inborn1 he w\ld   
probably1 _h he rema9$ 9 ,suffolk1 nev] 
h develop$ into ! sup]b pa9t] :o mu/ ev]
 be "o ( ! mo/ dazzl+ />s ( ! arti/ic   
univ]se4 ,we %all h occasion lat] to    
return to ?is *ange ( sc5e & to its     

influ5ce on ,ga9sbor\gh's life-"w4  ,x 0
 ,?icknesse !n :o p]suad$ ,ga9sbor\gh to
 leave ,ipswi* & to settle at ,ba?4 ,mu*
 to ! t]ror ( frugal ,mrs4 ,ga9sbor\gh1 
! pa9t]1 /ill act+ on 8 patron's        
guidance1 took a h\se 9 ! ,circus at !  
annual r5tal ( ,l#ej4 ,?icknesse _h _m  
fri5ds at ,ba?1 & to !m he w>mly        
recomm5d$ 8 protege4 ,:e!r x 0 ?r\gh !  
influ5ce ( ,?icknesse1 or by ! sole =ce 
( ! arti/'s own g5ius1 success 0 soon   
=?com+ & sitt]s flock$ to 8 /udio4 ,8   
previ\s *>ge ( five gu9eas = a half-l5g?
 portrait 0 almo/ imm$iately rais$ to   
eight1 & be=e v long 8 patrons became s 
num]\s t he 0 able to dem& no less ?an  
=ty gu9eas = a half-l5g?1 & "o hundr$   
gu9eas = a full-l5g?1 v high prices = ^?
 days4  ,dur+ 8 /ay at ,ba? ,ga9sbor\gh 
devot$ mu* ( 8 "t & en]gy to music2 he  
acquir$ _m musical in/rum5ts ( v>i\s    
k9ds1 & tri$ 8 h& at all ( !m4 ,! viol  
da gamba 0 app>5tly 8 fav\rite1 & 9 "o (
 8 lett]s to 8 fri5d ,jackson ( ,exet]  
he m5tions t he possesses five ( ^!     

in/rum5ts4 ,he he>d ,gi>d9i1 ! !n       
unrivall$ viol9i/1 & _h no re/ till he  
pur*as$ ! v in/rum5t t ! ,italian play$ 
on1 b1 says ,jackson1 seem$ mu* surpris$
 t ! music rema9$ ) ,gi>d9i4 ,9 ! same  
way he acquir$ ,abel's viol da gamba2   
hav+ he>d ,fis*]1 he b\ght a hautboy1 !n
 sudd5ly develop$ en?usiasm = ! h>p1 &  
?us pass+ f in/rum5t to in/rum5t he nev]
 _h ! p]sev]ance to play any "o ( !m )  
any degree ( p]fection4 ,9 ?is          
connection ,jackson relates an amus+    
anecdote ( "o ( 8 mo/ extravagant       
acquisitions3 ,^u see+ a !orbo 9 a      
picture ( ,van ,dyck's he conclud$      
7p]haps because x 0 f9ely pa9t$7 t !    
!orbo mu/ be a f9e in/rum5t4 ,he        
recollect$ to h he>d ( a ,g]man         
pr(essor1 & asc5d+ p] v>ios gradus to 8 
g>ret1 f\nd him !re at d9n] ^u a roa/$  
apple1 & smok+ a pipe4       ',i am     
come1' says he1 'to buy y\r lute4 ,come1
 "n y\r      price1 & "h is y\r money4' 
',i _c %ell my lude6'       ',no2 n = a 
gu9ea or two1 b by ,g-- y mu/ sell x4'  

',my lude i% w]t mu* monnay6 ,x i% w]t  
t5 gu9eas4'       ',t x is4 ,see1 "h is 
! money6'       ',well1 if ,i mu%t2 b y 
w n take x away y\rself6'       ',yes1  
yes4 ,good-bye----'       7,aft] he _h  
gone d[n he came up aga947       ',i h  
done b half my err&4 ,:at is y\r lute   
wor? if      ,i h n y\r book8'          
',:ad poog1 ,mai%t] ,ca9spor\gh8'       
',:y1 ! book ( airs y h compos$ = !     
lute4'       ',ah1 py ,cot1 ,i c nev] "p
 wit my poog6'   ,,plate ,v4--,,! ,,hon4
 ,,mrs4 ,,graham       ,?is portrait ( !
 ,hon4 ,m>y ,graham 7second daught] (   
,*>les1 n9? ,"l ,ca?c>t7 is 9 !         
,national ,gall]y (      ,scotl&4 ,ano!r
 portrait ( ! same lady %[n 9 !         
dress ( a h\semaid1 /&+ 9 a doorway ) a 
broom1 is      suppos$ to be a reject$  
design = ?is picture1 & is 9      !     
collection ( ! ,e>l ( ,c>lisle4 ,h]     
husb&      aft]w>ds became ,"l ,lyn$o*4 
,?is picture 0 pa9t$ 9 #agge-aggf1 0    
lock$ up 9 a      ,london /ore = fifty  
ye>s1 b =tunately recov]$4              

,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,v4--,,! ,,hon4   
,,mrs4 ,,graham       ',pooh6 y c make  
ano!r at any "t4 ,?is is ! book ,i      
mean' 7putt+ x 9 8 pocket74       ',ah1 
py ,cot1 ,i _c6'       ',come1 come2    
"h's ano!r t5 gu9eas = y\r book4 ,s1    
once m good-day t'ye4' 7,desc5ds aga92 &
 aga9 comes      up47 ',b :at use is y\r
 book to me if ,i don't und]/&      x8  
,& y\r lute--y may take x aga9 if y     
won't tea*      me to play on x4 ,come  
home ) me & give me my fir/             
lesson4'       ',i w come to-morr[4'    
',y mu/ come n[4'       ',i mu%t tress  
my%elf4'       ',= :at8 ,y are ! be/    
figure ,i h se5 to-day4'       ',i mu%t 
be %ave4'       ',i hon\r y\r be>d6'    
',i mu%t bud on my wick4'       ',d--n  
y\r wig6 ,y\r cap & be>d become y4 ,d y 
?9k      if ,van ,dyck 0 to pa9t y he'd 
let y be %av$8'  ,9 ?is way he fritt]$  
away 8 musical tal5ts1 & ?\gh possess$ (
 e>1 ta/e1 & g5ius1 he nev] _h          
application en\gh to le>n 8 notes4 ,he  
seem$ to take ! fir/ /ep1 ! second 01 ( 

c\rse1 out ( 8 rea*1 & ! summit became  
unatta9able4  ,ga9sbor\gh made _m fri5ds
 9 ,ba?2 m5tion has already be5 made (  
,william ,jackson ( ,exet]1 ) :om he 0 9
 con/ant correspond5ce1 & _m ( ! lett]s 
t pass$ betwe5 !m are /ill 9 exi/5ce4   
,he became fri5dly ) ,david ,g>rick1 ^: 
portrait he pa9t$ sev]al times1 & ano!r 
actor ) :om he 0 on v intimate t]ms 0   
,john ,h5d]son4 ,he rema9$ at ,ba?      
sixte5 ye>s1 & x 0 probably 8 qu>rel )  
,?icknesse :i* induc$ him to migrate    
once m 9 #aggd4  ,! true circum/ances ( 
8 break+ ) 8 e>lie/ patron are n easy to
 unravel2 z is usual 9 su* cases !re are
 two sides to ! /ory1 & ! tru? probably 
lies some:]e betwe5 ! two4 ,"o fact /&s 
out cle>ly1 namely1 t !re nev] 0 any    
consid]able fri5d%ip betwe5 ,?icknesse &
 ,mrs4 ,ga9sbor\gh2 ea* 0 probably      
jeal\s ( ! o!r's asc5d5cy ov] ! arti/1 &
 ! ,gov]nor 9 8 acc\nt ( _! diff]5ces   
makes h] appe> z ! in/igator (          
,ga9sbor\gh's behavi\r t[>ds himself1 & 
lays practically all ! responsibility at

 h] door4  ,x seems t %ortly aft] !     
,ga9sbor\ghs settl$ 9 ,ba? a full-l5g?  
portrait ( ,miss ,=d1 :o aft]w>ds became
 ,?icknesse's second wife1 0 pa9t$ &    
pres5t$ to t g5tleman4 ,all ! tr\ble    
arose ?r\gh 8 desire to possess 8 own   
portrait z a companion to t ( 8 wife4   
,we h already se5 :at a mania           
,ga9sbor\gh _h = ! viol da gamba2 ,mrs4 
,?icknesse _h a v f9e in/rum5t1 made 9 !
 ye> #afab1 ( exquisite workman%ip &    
melliflu\s tone1 & :i* 0 c]ta9ly wor? a 
hundr$ gu9eas4 ,?is in/rum5t ,ga9sbor\gh
 covet$1 & _m a "t he (f]$ t price = x4 
,"o night1 ,?icknesse relates1 we ask$  
him & 8 family to supp] ) u1 aft] :i*   
,mrs4 ,?icknesse1 putt+ ! in/rum5t be=e 
him1 desir$ he w\ld play "o ( 8 be/     
lessons ^u x2 ?is1 ,i say1 0 aft] supp]1
 = till poor ,ga9sbor\gh _h got a little
 borr[$ c\rage 7su* 0 8 natural mode/y71
 he c\ld nei!r play nor s+6 ,he !n      
play$1 & *>m+ly too1 "o ( 8 de> fri5d   
,abel's lessons1 & ,mrs4 ,?icknesse told
 him he des]v$ ! in/rum5t = 8 rew>d1 &  

desir$ 8 acceptance ( x1 b said1 ',at   
y\r leisure give me my husb&'s picture  
to hang by ! side ( my own4' ,ga9sbor\gh
 0 transport$ ) delight & readily agre$4
 ,! v next day he began ! portrait1     
f9i%$ ! head1 put 9 a ,newf\ndl& dog at 
! sitt]'s feet1 & r\ghly sket*$ 9 !     
rema9d] ( ! picture4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 he    
/opp$1 & nev] t\*$ x aga92 reque/s1     
pray]s1 & remon/rances 7 9 va91 & "o day
 9 a fit ( temp] ,ga9sbor\gh s5t back ! 
viol da gamba to ,mrs4 ,?icknesse1 &    
%ortly aft]w>ds also s5t ! unf9i%$      
picture j z x 04 ,at ?is ,?icknesse 0 ( 
c\rse mu* (f5d$4 ,e "t1 he says1 ,i w5t 
into ! room :]e t sc>ecr[ hung x gave me
 s pa9ful a s5sation t ,i prote/ x (t5  
turn$ me sick1 & 9 "o ( ^? sick fits ,i 
desir$ ,mrs4 ,?icknesse w\ld return !   
picture to ,mr4 ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,?is %e    
cons5t$ to d1 provid$ ,i w\ld p]mit h]  
to s5d ) x a c>d1 express+ h] s5tim5ts  
at ! same "t1 to :i* ,i am sorry to say 
,i too ha/ily cons5t$4 ,9 t c>d %e bid  
him take 8 bru%1 & fir/ rub out !       

c\nt5ance ( ! true/ & w>me/ fri5d he ev]
 _h1 & s done1 !n blot him = ev] f 8    
memory4  ,su* is ,?icknesse's own /ory (
 ! qu>rel1 b accord+ to ,allan          
,cunn+ham1 ,ga9sbor\gh did actually1 )\t
 h] husb&'s k1 give ,mrs4 ,?icknesse a  
hundr$ gu9eas = ! viol da gamba1 & !n   
did n consid] x incumb5t ^u him to pay  
twice ov] by pa9t+ ! portrait4 ,?is is1 
h[ev]1 h>dly a plausible tale & !       
probabilities are t ,?icknesse's v]sion 
is ne>] ! tru?4 ,h[ev] t may be ! long  
fri5d%ip betwe5 ! arti/ & 8 protector   
came to an end1 & ,ga9sbor\gh hav+ tak5 
a dislike to ,ba? remov$ to ,london4    
,,iii  ,,ga9sbor\gh',s ,,life ,,9       
,,london--,,la/ ,,ye>s ,,& ,,dea?       
,ga9sbor\gh 0 =ty-sev5 ye>s ( age :5 he 
came to settle def9itely 9 ,london2 8   
g5ius _h rea*$ ! highe/ po9t ( its      
developm5t4 ,?is new *ange ( sc5e1 great
 & important ?\gh x 01 _c be look$ ^u z 
be+ by any means s risky an exp]im5t z 8
 move f ,ipswi* to ,ba?4 ,he _h by ?is  
"t a firmly e/abli%$ connection1 & x mu/

 n be =gott5 t 9 ^? days ,ba? 0 a highly
 fa%ionable wat]+-place1 be>+ to ,london
 v mu* ! same relation z ! ,fr5* ,rivi]a
 does at ! pres5t "t4 ,ev]ybody :o 0    
anybody socially 9 ! capital 0 a m or   
less frequ5t visitor to ,ba?1 &         
,ga9sbor\gh dur+ 8 /ay !re _h ample     
opportunities to make acqua9tances :i* 7
 b\nd to /& him 9 good /ead :5 he came  
to ,london4 ,?icknesse1 h[ev]1 ev5 aft] 
_! qu>rel1 c\ld n refra9 f s5d+ him =?  
once m "u 8 p>ticul> patronage2 he wrote
 to ,"l ,bateman1 a pe] ( little        
influ5ce or importance1 ask+ him = bo?  
our sakes to give him c\nt5ance & make  
him kn[n1 t be+ all :i* is necess>y4    
,?is sort ( ?+ 0 probably q sup]flu\s1 =
 ,ga9sbor\gh 0 by ?is "t fully capable (
 hold+ 8 own ev5 9 ,london4 ,/ill x     
rema9s on record t ,"l ,bateman did d 8 
be/ = him1 & himself acquir$ sev]al ( 8 
pictures4  ,on _! fir/ arrival 9 ,london
 ! ,ga9sbor\ghs took qu>t]s nor? ( !    
,ox=d ,road2 a m c5tral & m fa%ionable  
neighb\rhood 01 h[ev]1 necess>y to !    

pa9t]1 & he v soon remov$ to ,s*omb]g   
,h\se 9 ,pall ,mall4 ,?is h\se1 :i* 0   
built by ! ,duke ( ,s*omb]g t[>ds ! end 
( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 0 at ?is "t !      
prop]ty ( ! ecc5tric & m$iocre pa9t]    
,john ,a/ley1 a fell[ pupil ) ,reynolds 
"u ,hudson4 ,f ,a/ley ,ga9sbor\gh r5t$ a
 ?ird ( ! h\se at ,l#cjj a ye>1 %[+ t he
 _h f ! fir/ no anxiety z to 8 success 9
 ! metropolis4 ,an int]e/+ circum/ance 9
 relation to ?is h\se is t "s sev5 ye>s 
lat] ano!r portion ( x 0 occupi$ by !   
quack ,dr4 ,graham1 :o in/all$ !re 8    
,temple ( ,heal?4 ,9 "s ( ! /range & n v
 legitimate c]emonies c>ri$ on 9 ?is    
,temple1 ! "p ( goddess ( heal? 0 play$ 
by none o!r ?an ,emma ,lyon or ,h>t1 :o 
0 de/9$ to become s fam\s z ! lovely    
,lady ,hamilton4 ,ga9sbor\gh mu/ h met  
h]1 & al?\gh we h no actual portrait f 8
 h& ( ?is wond]fully beautiful creature1
 x is sugge/$ by ,sir ,walt] ,arm/rong t
 %e may h sat = ! picture ( ,musidora 9 
! ,national ,gall]y1 "o ( ! v r>e       
attempts at ! nude :i* ,ga9sbor\gh is   

kn[n to h made4   ,,plate ,,vi4--,,!    
,,du*ess ,,( ,,devon%ire  7,9 !         
collection ( ,e>l ,sp5c]1 ,k4,g47       
,?is delightful pa9t+1 "o ( ! gems ( !  
,al?orp      collection1 is consid]$ to 
be "o ( ! ma/]'s greate/      a*ievem5ts
 9 full-l5g? portraits4  ,illu/ration3  
,,plate ,,vi4--,,! ,,du*ess ,,(         
,,devon%ire  ,9 ,london ,ga9sbor\gh came
 into p]sonal contact ) ,sir ,jo%ua     
,reynolds1 probably = ! fir/ "t1 al?\gh 
f a note ( ,walpole 9 8 catalogue ( !   
,royal ,academy ( #aggc x w\ld appe> t  
!y _h be5 9 t\* ) "o ano!r "s ye>s      
previ\sly1 ,walpole's words be+3        
,ga9sbor\gh & ,dance1 hav+ disagre$ )   
,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 did n s5d any    
pictures to ?is exhibition4 ,:5 !       
,academy 0 f\nd$ 9 #agfh ,ga9sbor\gh 0  
"o ( ! orig9al memb]s1 & to ! fir/ f\r  
exhibitions he s5t f ,ba? sev5te5       
portraits & fifte5 l&scapes4 ,!n = f\r  
ye>s1 no d\bt on acc\nt ( ! disagreem5t 
m5tion$ by ,walpole1 he exhibit$ no?+   
until #aggg1 :5 8 "n reappe>s 9 !       

catalogue ) portraits ( ! ,duke &       
,du*ess ( ,cumb]l&4  ,! vogue (         
,ga9sbor\gh 0 n[ at its height1 & a long
 s]ies ( portraits ( royal p]sonages    
began to occupy 8 easel4 ,x 0 "o ( ^!   
:i*1 a few ye>s lat]1 l$ to 8 f9al      
qu>rel ) ! ,royal ,academy4 ,to !       
exhibition ( #aghc he _h s5t eight      
portraits & portrait gr\ps1 includ+ "o (
 ! ?ree ,elde/ ,pr9cesses4 ,he s5t !    
frames only 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 b kept    
back t ( ! pr9cesses1 ! k+ & que5 hav+  
express$ a wi% to view ! picture be=e x 
0 s5t to ! ,academy4 ,!re 0 !n a rule ( 
! exhibition1 "o :i* is /ill 9 =ce1 t   
full-l5g? portraits c\ld n be hung on ! 
l9e1 & by "s misappreh5sion1 x mu/ h be5
 ?\ght by ! hang+ committee t ?is 0 a   
full-l5g? gr\p4 ,ga9sbor\gh mu/ h he>d (
 ! place :i* _h be5 assign$ to x1 & he  
s5t ! foll[+ curt note to ,som]set      
,h\se1 :]e ! ,royal ,academy exhibitions
 7 !n held3--       ,mr4 ,ga9sbor\gh    
pres5ts 8 ,complim5ts to ! ,g5tlem5     
appo9t$ to hang ! pictures at ! ,royal  

,academy1 &      begs leave to h9t to !m
 t if ! ,royal ,family1 :i*      he has 
s5t = ?is ,exhibition 7be+ small] ?an   
?ree-qu>t]s71 are hung above ! l9e along
 )      full-l5g?s1 he nev] m1 :il/ he  
brea!s1 w s5d      ano!r ,picture to !  
,exhibition4                            
,?is he swe>s by ,god4       ,saturday  
morn4  ,?is lett] did n h ! desir$      
effect1 s ,ga9sbor\gh )drew 8 pictures &
 nev] exhibit$ aga94 ,x w\ld appe> t su*
 a qu>rel1 obvi\sly ! result ( a        
misund]/&+1 c\ld easily h be5 adju/$ by 
! ,presid5t1 _h he felt incl9$ to       
int]f]e2 b ,sir ,jo%ua evid5tly pref]r$ 
to let matt]s take _! c\rse1 & s ! break
 became p]man5t4  ,!re nev] 0 any great 
sympa?y betwe5 ! two m51 al?\gh _!      
mutual admiration = ea* o!r's "w 0      
consid]able4 ,_! *>act]s 7 ess5tially   
diff]5t1 & al?\gh !y frequ5tly %>$ !    
same sitt]s1 & _h "s fri5ds 9 common1 !y
 liv$ 9 a social atmosph]e entirely     
di/9ct4 ,on ! o!r h& !y nev] 7 enemies1 
nor _h any s]i\s p]sonal qu>rel2 at "o  

"t x ev5 seem$ z ?\gh !y might be drawn 
into fri5d%ip1 & ,ga9sbor\gh />t$ pa9t+ 
! ,presid5t's portrait2 ?is1 h[ev]1 %>$ 
! fate ( ,?icknesse's ye>s be=e & got no
 fur!r ?an ! fir/ sitt+4 ,_! relations 7
 su*1 h[ev]1 t ,ga9sbor\gh 0 able to    
call ,reynolds to 8 dea?-b$1 al?\gh !y  
_h probably _h no int]c\rse = ye>s4 ,!  
pa!tic /ory ( ,ga9sbor\gh's la/ illness 
is be/ told 9 ! words ( ,allan          
,cunn+ham3 ,?\gh ,ga9sbor\gh 0 n p>tial 
to ! society ( lit]>y m51 he seems to h 
be5 acqua9t$ ) ,johnson & ) ,burke1 & he
 liv$ on t]ms ( great affection ) ,ri*>d
 ,br9sley ,%]idan4 ,he 0 also a welcome 
visitor at ! table ( ,sir ,george       
,beaumont1 a g5tleman ( graceful mann]s1
 :o liv$ 9 old ,engli% dignity1 & 01    
besides1 a lov] ( lit]ature & a pa9t] ( 
l&scape4 ,! latt] lov$ to relate a      
curi\s anecdote ( ,ga9sbor\gh1 :i* m>ks 
! unequal _s ( ! man1 & %[s t he 0 !    
slave ( wayw>d impulses :i* he c\ld     
nei!r repress nor comm&4 ,sir ,george   
,beaumont1 ,%]idan1 & ,ga9sbor\gh _h d9$

 toge!r1 & ! latt] 0 m ?an usually      
pleasant & witty4 ,! meet+ 0 s mu* to _!
 mutual satisfaction t !y agre$ to h    
ano!r day's happ9ess1 & accord+ly an    
e>ly day 0 nam$ :5 !y %\ld d9e aga9     
toge!r4 ,!y met1 b a cl\d _h desc5d$ ^u 
! _s ( ,ga9sbor\gh1 & he sat sil5t ) a  
look ( fix$ melan*oly1 :i* no wit c\ld  
dissipate4 ,at l5g? he took ,%]idan by !
 h&1 l$ him out ( ! room1 & said1 ,n[1  
don't laugh1 b li/54 ,i %all die        
soon--,i "k x--,i feel x4 ,i h less "t  
to live ?an my looks inf]2 b = ?is ,i   
c>e n4 ,:at oppresses my m9d is ?is3 ,i 
h _m acqua9tances & few fri5ds2 & z ,i  
wi% to h "o wor?y man to accompany me to
 ! grave1 ,i am desir\s ( bespeak+ y4 ,w
 y come2 aye or no8 ,%]idan c\ld sc>cely
 repress a smile z he made ! requir$    
promise2 ! looks ( ,ga9sbor\gh cle>$ up 
l ! sun%9e ( "o ( 8 own l&scapes2       
?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! ev5+ 8 wit fl[$ & 8   
hum\r ran ov]1 & ! m9utes1 l ^? ( !     
poet1 w+$ _! way ) pleasure4  ,ab\t a   
ye> aft] ! promise obta9$ f ,%]idan to  

att5d 8 fun]al he w5t to he> ! impea*m5t
 ( ,w>r5 ,ha/+s1 &1 sitt+ ) 8 back to an
 op5 w9d[1 sudd5ly felt some?+          
inconceivably cold t\* 8 neck above !   
%irt coll>4 ,x 0 accompani$ ) /iffness &
 pa94 ,on return+ home he m5tion$ :at he
 felt to 8 wife & 8 niece1 & on look+ !y
 saw a m>k ab\t ! size ( a %ill+1 :i* 0 
h>d] to ! t\* ?an ! surr\nd+ sk91 & :i* 
he said /ill felt cold4 ,! application (
 flannel did n remove x1 & ! arti/      
becom+ al>m$1 consult$ "o aft] ! o!r !  
mo/ em95t surgeons ( ,london--,john     
,hunt] himself ! la/4 ,!y all decl>$ !re
 0 no dang]2 b !re 0 t pres5tim5t ^u    
,ga9sbor\gh f :i* none p]haps escape4   
,he laid 8 h& repeat$ly on 8 neck & said
 to 8 si/]1 :o _h ha/5$ to ,london to   
see him1 ,if ?is be a canc]1 ,i am a    
dead man4 ,& a canc] x prov$ to be4 ,:5 
?is cruel disease fairly discov]$       
itself1 x 0 f\nd to be inextricably     
int]wov5 ) ! ?reads ( life1 & he prep>$ 
himself = dea? ) *e]fulness & p]fect    
composure4 ,he desir$ to be buri$ ne> 8 

fri5d ,kirby 9 ,kew *ur*y>d1 & t 8 "n   
only %\ld be cut on 8 grave-/one4 ,he   
s5t = ,reynolds1 & peace 0 made betwe5  
!m4 ,ga9sbor\gh exclaim$ to ,sir ,jo%ua3
 ,we are all go+ to heav51 & ,van ,dyck 
is ( ! company1 & imm$iately            
expir$--,augu/ #bnd1 #aghh1 9 !         
sixty-fir/ ye> ( 8 age4 ,%]idan & !     
presid5t att5d$ him to ! grave4         
,,plate ,,vii4--,,mrs4                  
,,rob9son--,p]dita  7,at ! ,wallace     
,collection7       ,?is portrait ( !    
beautiful actress is "o (               
,ga9sbor\gh's f9e/ ma/]pieces4 ,!       
lightness1      dext]ity1 & transp>5cy (
 ! pigm5t is almo/      unrivall$1 n    
only 9 ?is arti/'s "w1 b 9 any          
picture ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,x hangs 9 
! ,wallace      ,collection at ,h]t=d   
,h\se2 a small] sket* ( ! same          
subject is at ,w9dsor ,ca/le4           
,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vii4--,,mrs4    
,,rob9son--,p]dita  ,ga9sbor\gh left two
 daught]s1 ^: portraits he pa9t$ sev]al 
times4 ,! eld] "o1 ,m>g>et1 did n m>ry2 

:ile ! y\ng]1 ,m>y1 0 secretly w$d$ 9   
#aghj to h] fa!r's fri5d1 ,johann       
,*ri/ian ,fis*]1 ! hautboy play]4 ,?is  
m>riage caus$ ,ga9sbor\gh mu* tr\ble2 he
 =esaw t ! musician's irritability &    
ecc5tric behavi\r on _m occasions c\ld n
 conduce to ! happ9ess ( 8 daught]2     
h[ev]1 to quote 8 own lett] to 8 si/]1  
,mrs4 ,gibbon1 ,z x 0 too late = me to  
alt] any?+ )\t be+ ! cause ( total      
unhapp9ess on bo? sides1 my cons5t1 :i* 
0 a m]e complim5t to affect to ask1 ,i  
ne$s mu/ give4 ,! fa!r's =ebod+ 0 only  
too fully ju/ifi$2 ! union turn$ out v  
unhappy f ! fir/1 & )9 a ye> or s husb& 
& wife sep>at$4 ,bo? si/]s 7 m5tally    
defici5t1 & _! ab]rations increas$ ) age
 to ! po9t ( total d]angem5t4 ,m>y1 soon
 aft] h] m>riage1 became subject to wild
 halluc9ations1 p]haps ! mo/ reasonable 
7z ,ful*] puts x7 be+ t ! ,pr9ce (      
,wales 0 pursu+ h] ) 8 love4 ,aft] h]   
"m's dea? %e w5t to live ) h] si/]1 ^:  
m5tal condition 0 ev5 worse ?an h] own2 
!y w\ld receive no visitors :o did n    

belong to ! nobility1 s t _m :o wi%$ to 
ga9 admittance to ! h\se 7 oblig$ to    
assume titles :i* !y did n possess4     
,m>g>et di$ ab\t #ahbd1 & ,m>y a ye> or 
two lat]2 be=e h] dea? %e insi/$ on     
pres5t+ to ! k+ ! portrait ( ,fis*]1    
pa9t$ by h] fa!r at ,ba? ab\t =ty ye>s  
be=e2 ?is portrait is n[ 9 ! ,royal     
,collection4  ,( ,ga9sbor\gh's          
p]sonality & "* mu* has no d\bt be5     
ga!r$ f ! prec$+ pages4 ,8 physical     
appe>ance is famili> f 8 own portraits (
 himself1 & f t :i* ,z(fany pa9t$ ( him4
 ,he 0 h&some1 tall & /rong1 ) l>ge     
features & a broad if n v high =ehead2 !
 small eyes are quick & obs]vant1 ! m\? 
s5sitive & r undecid$4 ,9 ! *oice ( 8   
fri5ds he atta*$ little importance to   
bre$+ & none to social position2 he 0   
g5]\s & op5-h&$ to all1 ) money to 8    
relations & (t5 indiscrim9ately ) 8     
works to fri5ds or m]e acqua9tances3 on 
"o occasion he gave 8 picture ( ! ,boy  
at ! ,/ile to ,colonel ,hamilton        
7equally well kn[n at ! "t z an amateur 

viol9i/ & a g5tleman pugili/7 = hav+    
play$ him a solo on ! viol92 to         
,wilt%ire1 ! c>ri] :o took 8 pictures f 
,ba? to ,london1 & :o refus$ to take    
paym5t 9 money f ! arti/1 he pres5t$ _m 
valuable l&scapes4  ,intellectually he 0
 extremely gift$2 al?\gh 8 education 9 8
 y\? 0 mu* neglect$ 8 lett]s %[ him to h
 be5 by no means ignorant or            
uncultivat$4 ,!y also be> ! impress ( 8 
spontane\s wit & ke5 hum\r2 ( ?is       
quality !re is evid5ce 9 num]\s         
anecdotes4 ,an old man ( ! lab\r+ class1
 nam$ ,f[l]1 us$ to sit to him at ,ba?2 
on ! /udio mantelpiece /ood a *ild's    
skull1 ! gift ( a m$ical fri5d4  ,f[l]1 
)\t mov+ 8 position1 cont9ually pe]$ at 
x askance1 ) inquisitive eye4 ',ah6     
,ma/] ,f[l]1' said ! pa9t]1 't is a     
mighty curiosity4' ',:at might x be1    
sir1 if ,i may make s bold8' ',a :ale's 
eye1' 0 ! grave reply4 ',no1 no1 nev]   
say s1 ,mu/] ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,sir1 x is a  
little *ild's skull6' ',y h hit x1' said
 ! wag4 ',:y1 ,f[l]1 y're a wit*6 ,b :at

 w y say :5 ,i tell y x is ! skull (    
,julius ,caes> :5 he 0 a little boy6'   
',laws6' cri$ ,f[l]1 ':at a ph5om5on6'  
,ga9sbor\gh's temp] 0 v ha/y1 q oppos$  
to ! pati5t c\rtl9ess ( ,reynolds4 ,:5 a
 c]ta9 pe] or ald]man1 pos+1 ) b\ndless 
self-satisfaction1 = 8 portrait1 begg$ !
 arti/ n to ov]look ! dimple 9 8 *91    
,damn ! dimple 9 y\r *91 ,i w pa9t nei!r
 ! "o nor ! o!r6 0 ! uncompromis+       
rejo9d]4  ,^! /ories1 unimportant z !y  
are1 s]ve to give an insight into !     
man's "*2 b :atev] 8 p]sonal faults &   
qualities may or may n h be5 x is ) 8   
works t po/]ity is *iefly conc]n$1 & by 
!m & !m alone t ,ga9sbor\gh mu/ be      
judg$4     ,,iv  ,,ga9sbor\gh',s ,,works
   ,! works ( ,ga9sbor\gh may be divid$ 
into ?ree *ronological gr\ps1 j z 8 life
 0 divid$ betwe5 ?ree di/9ct localities4
 ,b :]eas !re is a def9ite & fundam5tal 
diff]5ce betwe5 ! pictures pa9t$ at     
,ipswi* & ^? ( ! rema9d] ( 8 life1 !re  
is n to any simil> ext5t a det]m9$      
dem>kation betwe5 8 productions at ,ba? 

& ^? ( 8 la/ & mo/ glori\s ye>s 9       
,london4  ,x has be5 se5 t ,ga9sbor\gh  
us$ palette & bru% f at lea/ ! age (    
f\rte51 :5 he w5t to ,london to /udy )  
,hayman4 ,b ! productions ( ?is v e>ly  
p]iod are extremely difficult to        
id5tify4 ,! ,national ,gall]y ( ,irel&  
possesses two draw+s 9 p5cil1 portraits 
( a man & a woman1 on ea* ( :i* appe>s !
 signature ,?o3 ,ga9sbor\gh fecit       
#agdc-agdd4 ,^!1 ! e>lie/ extant        
attempts ( ,ga9sbor\gh 9 portraiture are
 h>d & lab\r$ 9 execution1 b ! heads are
 well-modell$ & full ( "*2 !y mu/ h be5 
done 9 ,london be=e 8 return to 8 native
 ,sudbury4  ,a simil> h>dness &         
elaborate c>e & att5tion to detail      
*>act]ises ! e>ly l&scapes pa9t$ 9      
,suffolk4 ,! only pictures ( ! old ma/]s
 to :i* ! "y arti/ c\ld h _h access at  
?is p]iod 7 l&scapes ( ,dut* pa9t]s su* 
z ,ruysdael1 ,hobbema1 & ,wynants4 ,_!  
influ5ce is obvi\s 9 8 own e>ly         
productions1 especially t ( ,wynants2 ! 
mo/ important "w ( ?is "* is ! l>ge     

l&scape belong+ to ,mr4 ,j4 ,d4 ,cobbold
 ( ,ipswi*2 x is an elaborate           
composition1 semi-classical 9 /yle1 )   
conv5tional hills 9 ! di/ance1 & a      
c>efully put 9 gr\p ( cattle & figures 9
 ! =egr\nd4 ,?is is ! sort ( ?+ t       
,?icknesse mu/ h f\nd 9 ! pa9t]'s /udio 
^u 8 fir/ visit1 toge!r ) ! portrait (  
,admiral ,v]non 7n[ 9 ! ,national       
,portrait ,gall]y71 & o!rs :i* !        
,gov]nor describes z truly drawn1       
p]fectly l1 b /iffly pa9t$ & worse      
col\r$4  ,! ,l&gu>d ,=t 0 commission$ by
 ,?icknesse %ortly aft] ! arti/'s       
m>riage & removal to ,ipswi*1 & mu/     
!re=e h be5 pa9t$ betwe5 #agdg & #agej2 
x ?us e/abli%es an important l&m>k 9 !  
pa9t]'s e>ly ye>s1 & al?\gh ! orig9al is
 un=tunately lo/1 x is possible f !     
engrav+ ( x1 :i* /ill exi/s1 to         
approximately date o!r e>ly l&scapes (  
,ga9sbor\gh4 ,to ab\t ! same "t probably
 belongs ! ,view 9 ,suffolk ( ! ,iri%   
,national ,gall]y1 :ile ! ,corn>d ,wood 
9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 some:at m free 9 

execution1 is slightly lat]4  ,( !      
portraits ( ?is p]iod v few c be trac$1 
& x is probable t no l>ge numb] 7 pa9t$4
 ,! ,admiral ,v]non has already be5     
m5tion$ & also ! ,miss ,hippisley 7,sir 
,edw>d ,t5nant's collection71 & ! heads 
( ! arti/'s daught]s at ,s\? ,k5s+ton4  
,!re are also 9 exi/5ce two half-l5g?   
ovals ( ,mr4 ,rob]t ,edg> & ,miss       
,ka!r9e ,edg>1 ! latt] probably "o ( !  
be/ examples ( ,ga9sbor\gh's lat] ye>s 9
 ,suffolk4 ,!y all %[ ! same *>act]i/ic 
tightness1 & a lack ( t m>vell\s fre$om 
= :i* 8 lat] works are s rem>kable4     
,,plate ,,viii4--,,miss ,,hav]field     
7,at ! ,wallace ,collection7            
,portraits ( *ildr5 by ,ga9sbor\gh are n
 frequ5t1      al?\gh he introduc$      
c\ntry boys & lasses into 8             
l&scapes ) ! greate/ success4 ,?is      
example 9 !      ,wallace ,collection   
possesses a *>m :i* makes "o regret     
t 8 y\?ful sitt]s 7 n m num]\s4         
,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,viii4--,,miss   
,,hav]field  ,almo/ directly aft] 8     

settlem5t at ,ba? ! arti/'s mann] *ang$ 
v appreciably4 ,?is 0 probably due      
*iefly to ! fact t he 0 able 9 !        
neighb\rhood ( ,ba? to see & /udy !     
works ( great ma/]s ( ! pa/1 & notably !
 great family gr\p by ,van ,dyck at     
,wilton ,h\se4 ,he no d\bt also _h      
access to ! f9e array ( works by ,rub5s 
!n hang+ at ,bl5heim & un=tunately n[   
disp]s$4 ,! pa9t+s ( ^! ma/]s seem to h 
disclos$ to ,ga9sbor\gh ! possibilities 
( 8 mat]ials1 & f ?is mom5t 8 arti/ic   
developm5t is rapid & decid$1 mu* m     
rapid ?an is g5]ally believ$4 ,mo/ p    
imag9e t all 8 be/ works date f ! ye>s (
 8 life 9 ,london aft] #aggd1 & t !     
pictures ( 8 ,ba? p]iod1 previ\s to t   
ye>1 are comp>atively mu* inf]ior4 ,?is 
is q a mi/ake1 = _m ( 8 mo/ fam\s works 
7 9 fact pa9t$ at ,ba? & 8 g5ius _h     
rea*$ its full maturity long be=e he    
settl$ 9 ,pall ,mall4 ,! f9e half-l5g? (
 ,miss ,l9ley & h] bro!r1 belong+ to ,"l
 ,sackville at ,knole1 ,"l ,burton's    
,lady ,sussex & ,lady ,b>b>a ,yelv]ton1 

! l>ge eque/rian portrait ( ,g5]al      
,honywood1 sev]al portraits ( ,g>rick1  
su* l&scapes z ^? belong+ to ,"l        
,twe$m\?1 ,"l ,bateman1 & ,mr4 ,lionel  
,phillipps 7 all pa9t$ at ,ba?1 z 0     
probably also ! immortal ,blue ,boy     
itself4  ,"o ( ! fir/ ( ,ga9sbor\gh's   
sitt]s aft] 8 arrival at ,ba? 0 ,mr4    
,rob]t ,craggs ,nug5t1 aft]w>ds ,visc\nt
 ,cl>e & ,e>l ,nug5t1 ^: full-l5g?      
portrait 0 ! fir/ picture ev] s5t by !  
arti/ to a public exhibition4 ,x 0 %[n  
at ! ,spr+ ,g>d5 ,exhibition ( !        
,society ( ,arti/s ( ,great ,brita9 9   
#agfa & n[ belongs to ,sir ,george      
,nug5t4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> a picture ent]$ 
9 ! ,society's catalogue z ,a :ole-l5g? 
portrait ( a g5tleman ) a gun1 has be5  
id5tifi$ z ! picture1 n[ at ,al?orp1 (  
,william ,poyntz1 bro!r ( ,georgiana1 ! 
fir/ ,c\ntess ,sp5c]1 h]self ! "m ( t m 
fam\s ,georgiana1 ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire4 
,bo? ! "m & ! daught] 7 pa9t$ ab\t !    
same "t1 ! latt] z a little girl ( five 
or six ye>s ( age4 ,^! two pictures ( ! 

usual half-l5g? size are also at        
,al?orp4  ,ye> by ye> ,ga9sbor\gh       
cont9u$ s5d+ portraits & l&scapes to !  
,society's exhibitions1 ! huge canvas ( 
,g5]al ,honywood on horseback hang+ !re 
9 #agfe2 ! next ye> came1 among o!rs1 ! 
full-l5g? portrait ( ,g>rick lean+ aga9/
 a bu/ ( ,%akespe>e1 pa9t$ = ! ,t[n     
,hall1 ,/rat=d-on-,avon1 :]e x /ill     
hangs4  ,9 #agfi ! ,royal ,academy op5$ 
its fir/ exhibition2 ,ga9sbor\gh 0      
repres5t$ by f\r pictures1 includ+ a    
:ole-l5g? portrait ( ,isabella1 ,lady   
,molyneux1 aft]w>ds ,c\ntess ( ,sefton1 
& ano!r ( ,george ,pitt1 fir/ ,"l       
,riv]s4 ,9 #aggj we f9d six pictures & a
 book ( draw+s1 9 ! foll[+ ye> five     
full-l5g?s & two l&scapes1 & 9 #aggb no 
less ?an f\rte5 pictures1 f\r ( :i* 7   
portraits1 & t5 draw+s 9 imitation (    
oil-pa9t+2 ^! latt]1 ( :i* a few exi/1  
are curi\s productions drawn 9          
wat]-col\r on ?ick co>se pap] laid d[n  
on canvas & !n v>ni%$2 ! process is n a 
v happy "o1 & ! arti/'s fancy = x does n

 appe> to h be5 la/+4  ,= ! f\r foll[+  
ye>s ,ga9sbor\gh's "n is abs5t f !      
,academy catalogues f ! cause already   
m5tion$ ( a disagreem5t ) ,reynolds z   
record$ by ,walpole4 ,b dur+ ?is "t     
,ga9sbor\gh no d\bt cont9u$ to turn out 
heads 9 great numb]s1 & n a few         
full-l5g?s1 to say no?+ ( l&scapes (    
v>y+ size & importance4 ,sev]al ( ^!    
half-l5g?s are 9 ! ,national ,portrait  
,gall]y & ! ,national ,gall]y1 :ile a   
consid]able numb] are to be f\nd 9      
private collections4  ,sir ,walt]       
,arm/rong1 9 8 monum5tal "w on          
,ga9sbor\gh1#a puts =w>d v =cibly ! !ory
 t ! fam\s ,blue ,boy at ,grosv5or ,h\se
 0 pa9t$ ab\t ! ye> #aggj at ,ba? & n 9 
#aggi 9 ,london1 z has be5 g5]ally      
suppos$4 ,x is impossible to reproduce  
"h 8 closely reason$ argum5ts1 b 8      
conclusion is mo/ probably correct t !  
,blue ,boy is a ma/]piece (             
,ga9sbor\gh's ,ba? p]iod4 ,x is a       
portrait ( a c]ta9 ,jona?an ,buttall1 a 
v weal?y ironmong] :o liv$ at ! corn] ( 

,k+ ,/reet & ,greek ,/reet1 ,soho4 ,he  
is repres5t$ at full-l5g?1 /&+ 9 a      
l&scape1 9 a ri* blue ,van ,dyck co/ume1
 hold+ a l>ge hat ) a :ite fea!r 9 8 "r 
h&4 ,! hi/ory ( ! picture & ! mann] (   
its com+ into ! possession ( ! ,duke (  
,we/m9/] are unc]ta92 x may h be5 sold  
toge!r ) ! effects ( ,jona?an ,buttall1 
s5ior1 aft] ! dea? ( 8 wid[ 9 #agif1 :5 
all 8 prop]ty 0 dispos$ ( by public     
auction4 ,x seems to h belong$ to       
,hoppn]1 :o di$ 9 #ahaj1 & :o probably  
is ! au?or ( ! v good copy ( ! ,blue    
,boy :i* is n[ 9 ,am]ica1 & has         
sometimes be5 look$ ^u z a replica f !  
ma/]'s own h&4  ,to ?is same p]iod 9 !  
arti/'s c>e] probably belongs ano!r &   
almo/ equally fam\s picture :i* hangs on
 ! same walls z ! ,blue ,boy4 ,! ,duke (
 ,we/m9/]'s ,cottage ,door1 "o ( ! f9e/ 
( ,ga9sbor\gh's l&scapes or pa/oral     
sc5es1 appe>s to h be5 a product ( ! la/
 ye>s sp5t at ,ba?1 toge!r ) ! great    
,wat]+ ,place at ! ,national ,gall]y2 ! 
,ru/ic ,*ildr5 belong+ to ,"l ,c>n>von &

 ( :i* a small v]sion is also 9 !       
,national collection2 ,mr4 ,g4 ,l4      
,basset's ,cottage ,girl1 & _m o!r      
l&scapes ( equal or less] importance4   
,x is !re=e fair to surmise t _h        
,ga9sbor\gh nev] made 8 la/ move f ,ba? 
to ,london ! _w's /ock ( arti/ic        
treasures w\ld 9 all probability n h be5
 v mu* ! poor]4 ,t he did aft]w>ds      
create works ( great] beauty 0          
presumably n ! effect ( 8 settlem5t 9 ! 
metropolis1 b m]ely ( ! cont9uance ( !  
natural developm5t ( 8 g5ius2 to ! v end
 ( 8 c>e] he cont9u$ to pr(it by !      
lessons ( great] exp]i5ce2 8 t\*        
con/antly grew m free1 m fea!ry1 8      
pigm5t m transp>5t1 8 insight into "* m 
rapid & m sure4 ,! increas$ elegance &  
height5$ ref9em5t ( 8 lat] portraits may
 or may n be due to a clos] t\* ) ! c\rt
 & its imm$iate surr\nd+s2 b1 f :at has 
gone be=e1 x is cle> t x is a delusion  
to speak deprecat+ly ( a ,ga9sbor\gh ( !
 ,ba? p]iod4  ,x is by no means easy to 
assign dates to mo/ ( ! pictures pa9t$  

by ,ga9sbor\gh 9 ,london4 ,! ,academy   
catalogues provide b slight assi/ance2 =
 "o ?+ portraits 7 almo/ inv>iably      
unnam$ 9 ^? days & c only be id5tifi$ 9 
mo/ cases by ! help ( contempor>y       
criticism or correspond5ce2 besides1 z  
we h se51 ,ga9sbor\gh's fir/ reappe>ance
 at ! (ficial exhibition took place 9   
#aggg ) ! portraits ( ! ,duke & ,du*ess 
( ,cumb]l&1 & 8 f9al qu>rel ) !         
in/itution 0 only a few ye>s lat]4 ,b ! 
beautiful wom5 & m5 ( fa%ion :o sat to  
him 7 legion4 ,portraits su* z t ( ,mrs4
 ,rob9son 9 ! ,wallace ,collection1     
,mrs4 ,siddons 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,!
 ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,graham 9 ! ,scotti%       
,national ,gall]y are too well kn[n &   
too easily accessible to ne$            
description4 ,_m1 h[ev]1 ( 8 greate/    
works are hidd5 away f ! g5]al public 9 
private collections1 & only reveal      
!mselves n[ & aga9 :5 _! own]s cons5t to
 l5d !m to an exhibition4  ,among ^! is 
,"l ,ro?s*ild's ,! ,morn+ ,walk1 :i* may
 p]haps be look$ ^u z ,ga9sbor\gh's mo/ 

p]fect ma/]piece4 ,x is a portrait gr\p 
( ,squire ,hallett & 8 wife walk+ 9 a   
l&scape ) a :ite ,pom]anian dog4 ,z 9 _m
 ( ! ma/]'s f9e/ a*ievem5ts !           
col\r-s*eme is ( ! sob]e/ description2 l
 ! ,lady ,mulgrave or ,"l ,normanton's  
m>vell\s ,lady ,m5dip x is almo/ a      
mono*rome4 ,yet1 by a sort ( magic1 su* 
pictures z ^! give ! impression ( a     
sup]b melody ( col\r2 e t\* conduces to 
a mo/ p]fect h>mony1 & ! effect is      
obta9$ by a me?od s p]sonal1 s entirely 
new to 8 "t1 t ,reynolds1 speak+ ( him 9
 "o ( 8 disc\rses1 0 able to say t 8    
h&l+1 ! mann] ( leav+ ! col\rs1 444 _h v
 mu* ! appe>ance ( ! "w ( an arti/ :o _h
 nev] le>n$ f o!rs ! usual & regul>     
practice belong+ to 8 art4  ,& inde$ a  
survey ( ,ga9sbor\gh's life-"w leads "o 
to agree ) ! words ( ,sir ,jo%ua1 b 9 a 
wid] s5se ?an ! ,presid5t int5d$ !m to  
apply4 ,ga9sbor\gh ow$ little or no?+ to
 ! great ma/]s ( pa9t+ :o came be=e him1
 & less to any ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,8    
tea*]s 7 ,nature & 8 own sympa?y ) 8    

subject4 ,n[h]e 9 ! "w ( 8 maturity is  
!re to be f\nd any trace ( imitation ( !
 ,dut* or ( ! ,italian ma/]s4 ,he did n 
pose 8 models a la ,van ,dyck1 nor did  
he borr[ 8 palette f ,titian2 he is !   
mo/ ,engli% ( ,engli% arti/s z he is !  
greate/ glory ( ,engli% art4 ,he is an  
immortal pa9t]1 says ,rusk91 & 8        
excell5ce is bas$ on pr9ciples ( art    
long ackn[l$g$ & facts ( ,nature        
univ]sally app>5t4   ,footnote #a3      
,pages #aba1 #abd4   ,! plates are pr9t$
 by ,,bemrose  ,,sons1 ,,ltd41 ,d]by &  
,london  ,! text at ! ,,ballantyne      
,,press1 ,ed9burgh          99       99 
99       99       99   ,transcrib]'s    
,notes  ,p>agraphs 7 rejo9$ on ei!r side
 ( ! plates2 !re=e1 "s s5t5ces w be f\nd
 on a diff]5t page numb] ?an ! orig9al  
book4  ,! description ( ! pa9t+1        
orig9ally prec$+ ! illu/ration by a     
page1 is display$ above ! pa9t+1 :ile ! 
caption add$ bel[ ! pa9t+ conta9s only !
 plate numb] & title = ref]5ce purposes4
  ,d\ble1 s+le1 & mismat*$ quotation    

m>ks 7 pres]v$ f ! orig9al book4