,transcrib]'s note3 ar*aic spell+s su* z
 des>t = des]t h be5 reta9$1 z h        
inconsi/5t spell+s su* z                
,galilee--,gallilee1 etc4     ,,ecce    
,,homo6  ,,or1  ,a ,,critical ,,inquiry 
,,into  ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,jesus ,,(    
,,naz>e?3  ,,be+ ,a ,,rational          
,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,gospels  by ,,b>on 
d',,holba*  7,paul ,h5ri ,?iry ,holba*7 
,! ,cross 0 ! bann]1 "u :i* madm5       
assembl$ to glut ! e>? ) blood4--,vide  
,*ap4 #ah4  ,,gordon ,,press  ,,new     
,,york  #aigg         ,,gordon          
,,press-,publi%]s       ,p4,o4 ,box #dei
       ,b[l+ ,gre5 ,/ation       ,new   
,york1 ,n4,y4 #ajjjd        ,libr>y (   
,congress ,catalog+ 9 ,publication ,data
        ,holba*1 ,paul ,h5ri ,?iry1 b>on
 d' #agbc-aghi4       ,ecce homo6       
,translation ( ,hi/oire critique de     
,jesus ,*ri/4        ,repr9t ( ! #a/    
,am]ican ed41 rev4 & corr41 (           
#ahbg1 pr9t$ = ! proprietors ( !        
,philosophical       libr>y1 ,new ,york1
 :i* 0 issu$ z no4 #a ( !               

,philosophical libr>y4        #a4 ,jesus
 ,*ri/--,biography--,e>ly works to      
#ahjj4       ,i4 ,title4 ,,ii4 ,s]ies3  
,! ,philosophical libr>y2       no4 #a4 
,,bt#cj,o4,h#gd #aigf      #bcb4i'ja    
#gc-hbha       ,,isbn #j-hgifh-jgg-f    
,pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica      
,,introduction4   ,al?\gh ! writ+s ( !  
,new ,te/am5t are 9 ! h&s ( e "o1 no?+  
is m uncommon ?an to f9d ! pr(essors (  
,*ri/ianity acqua9t$ ) ! hi/ory or !    
f\nd] ( _! religion2 & ev5 among ^? :o h
 p]us$ t hi/ory1 x is /ill m r>e to f9d 
any :o h v5tur$ s]i\sly to exam9e x4 ,x 
mu/1 inde$1 be ackn[l$g$1 t ! ignorance 
( ! "o1 & ! want ( reflection 9 ! o!r1  
on a subject :i* !y1 nev]!less1 reg>d z 
( inf9ite importance1 may arise f !     
dislike naturally occasion$ by ! p]usal 
( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,9 t "w !re is a     
confusion1 an obscurity & a b>b>ity (   
/ile1 well adapt$ to conf\nd ! ignorant1
 & to disgu/ enlight5$ m9ds4 ,sc>cely is
 !re a hi/ory1 anci5t or mod]n1 :i* does
 n possess m me?od & cle>ness ?an t (   

,jesus2 nei!r d we p]ceive t ! ,holy    
,_s1 its reput$ au?or1 has surpass$1 or 
ev5 equall$ _m pr(ane hi/orians1 ^:     
writ+s are n s important to mank9d4 ,!  
cl]gy confess1 t ! apo/les 7 illit]ate  
m51 & ( r\gh mann]s2 & x does n appe> t 
! ,_s :i* inspir$ !m1 tr\bl$ itself )   
correct+ _! defects4 ,on ! contr>y1 x   
seems to h adopt$ !m2 to h accommodat$  
itself to ! weak und]/&+s ( its         
in/rum5ts2 & to h inspir$ !m ) works 9  
:i* we d n f9d ! judgm5t1 ord]1 or      
precision1 t prevail 9 _m human         
compositions4 ,h5ce1 ! gospels exhibit a
 confus$ assemblage ( prodigies1        
ana*ronisms1 & contradictions1 9 :i*    
criticism loses itself1 & :i* w\ld make 
any o!r book be reject$ ) contempt4  ,x 
is by my/]ies ! m9d is prep>$ to respect
 religion & its tea*]s4 ,we are !re=e   
w>rant$ to suspect1 t an obscurity 0    
design$ly giv5 to ^! writ+s4 ,9 matt]s (
 religion x is prud5t nev] to speak v   
di/9ctly4 ,tru?s simple & easily        
und]/ood1 d n /rike ! imag9ation 9 s    

lively a mann] z ambigu\s oracles1 &    
imp5etrable my/]ies4 ,jesus1 al?\gh come
 on purpose to enlight5 ! _w1 0 to be a 
/umbl+ block to _m nations4 ,! small    
numb] ( ! elect1 ! difficulty (         
salvation1 & ! dang] ( ex]cis+ reason1  
are repeat$ly ann\nc$ 9 ! gospels4 ,e ?+
 seems inde$ to demon/rate1 t ,god s5t 8
 ,son to ! nations1 on purpose to ensn>e
 !m1 & t !y %\ld n compreh5d any "p ( ! 
religion :i* he meant to promulgate4 ,9 
?is ! ,et]nal appe>s to h int5d$ to ?r[ 
mortals into d>kness1 p]plexity1 a      
diffid5ce ( !mselves1 & a cont9ual      
emb>rassm5t1 oblig+ !m to h rec\rse to  
^? infallible lum9>ies1 _! prie/s1 & to 
rema9 =ev] "u ! tutelage ( ! *ur*4 ,h]  
m9i/]s1 we "k1 claim ! exclusive        
privilege ( und]/&+ & expla9+ !         
scriptures2 & no mortal c expect to     
obta9 future felicity if he does n pay  
due submission to _! decisions4  ,?us1 x
 belongs n to ! laity to exam9e         
religion4 ,on m]e inspection ( !        
gospels1 e p]son mu/ be conv9c$ t ! book

 is div9e2 t e ^w conta9$ 9 x is inspir$
 by ! ,holy ,_s2 & t ! explanations giv5
 by ! *ur* ( t cele/ial "w1 9 l mann]   
emanate f ! ,mo/ ,high4 ,9 ! fir/ ages (
 ,*ri/ianity1 ^? :o embrac$ ! religion (
 ,jesus 7 only ! dregs ( ! p2           
consequ5tly v simple1 unacqua9t$ )      
lett]s1 & dispos$ to believe all !      
wond]s any "o *ose to ann\nce4 ,jesus1 9
 8 s]mons1 address$ himself to ! vulg>  
only2 he w\ld h int]c\rse ) none b      
p]sons ( t description2 he con/antly    
refus$ to "w miracles 9 pres5ce ( ! mo/ 
cle>-sight$ ( ! nation2 he declaim$     
unceas+ly aga9/ ! le>n$1 ! doctors1 & ! 
ri*2 aga9/ all 9 :om he c\ld n f9d !    
pliability necess>y = adopt+ 8 maxims4  
,we see him cont9ually extoll+ poorness 
( _s1 simplicity1 & fai?4  ,8 disciples1
 & aft] !m ! m9i/]s ( ! *ur*1 h         
fai?fully foll[$ 8 foot/eps2 !y h always
 repres5t$ fai?1 or bl9d submission1 z !
 fir/ ( virtues2 z ! disposition mo/    
agreeable to ,god1 & mo/ necess>y to    
salvation4 ,?is pr9ciple s]ves = a basis

 to ! ,*ri/ian religion1 &1 above all1  
to ! usurpations ( ! cl]gy4 ,! prea*]s1 
!re=e1 :o succe$$ ! apo/les1 employ$ !  
greate/ c>e 9 secret+ ! gospels f !     
inspection ( all :o 7 n initiat$ 9 !    
my/]ies ( religion4 ,!y exhibit$ ^!     
books to ^? only ^: fai? !y _h tri$1 &  
:om !y f\nd already dispos$ to reg>d !m 
z div9e4 ,?is my/]i\s _s has be5        
transmitt$ d[n to our days4 ,9 sev]al   
c\ntries1 ! laity are int]dict$ f p]us+ 
! scriptures1 especially 9 ! ,romi%     
communion1 ^: cl]gy are be/ acqua9t$ )  
gov]n+ mank9d4 ,! c\ncil ( ,tr5t has    
decre$1 t x belongs to ! *ur* alone to  
decide on ! true mean+ ( ! scriptures1 &
 give _! int]pretation4  ,x is true1 !  
read+ ( ! sacr$ books is p]mitt$1 & ev5 
recomm5d$ to prote/ants1 :o are also    
enjo9$ to exam9e _! religion4 ,b fai?   
mu/ always prec$e t read+1 & foll[ t    
exam9ation2 s t be=e read+1 a prote/ant 
is b\nd to believe ! gospel to be div9e3
 & ! exam9ation ( x is p]mitt$ only1    
:ile he f9ds !re :at ! m9i/]s ( 8 sect h

 resolv$ t he %all f9d4 ,beyond ?is1 he 
is reg>d$ z an ungodly man1 & (t5 puni%$
 = ! weakness ( 8 intellect4  ,!        
salvation ( ,*ri/ians ?us dep5ds nei!r  
on ! read+ nor on ! und]/&+ ( ! sacr$   
books1 b on ! belief t ^! books are     
div9e4 ,if1 un=tunately1 ! read+ or     
exam9ation ( any "o1 does n co9cide ) ! 
decisions1 int]pretations1 & comm5t>ies 
( ! *ur*1 he is 9 dang] ( be+ ru9$1 & ( 
incurr+ et]nal damnation4 ,to read !    
gospel1 he mu/ comm5ce ) be+ dispos$    
bl9dly to believe all :i* t book        
conta9s2 to exam9e ! gospel1 he mu/ be  
previ\sly resolv$ to f9d no?+ !re b !   
holy & ! adorable2 9 f9e1 to und]/& !   
gospel1 he mu/ ent]ta9 a fix$ p]suasion1
 t ! prie/s c nev] be !mselves deceiv$1 
or wi% to deceive o!rs 9 ! mann] !y     
expla9 x4 ,believe1 7say !y17 believe on
 our words t ?is book is ! "w ( ,god    
himself2 if y d>e to d\bt x1 y %all be  
damn$4 ,are y unable to compreh5d any ?+
 :i* ,god reveals to y !re8 ,believe    
ev]more3 ,god has reveal$ himself t he  

may n be und]/ood4--,! glory ( ,god is  
to conceal 8 ^w2--7,prov4 xxv4 #b47 or  
r1 by speak+1 9 a my/]i\s mann]1 does n 
,god intimate t he wi%es e "o to ref] x 
to u1 to :om he has confid$ 8 important 
secrets8 ,a tru?1 ( :i* y mu/ n d\bt1   
see+ t we p]secute 9 ?is _w1 & damn 9 ! 
o!r1 :oev] d>es to "q ! te/imony :i* we 
be> to ourselves4  ,h[ev] errone\s ?is  
reason+ may appe> to ^? accu/om$ to ?9k1
 x is suffici5t = ! great] "p (         
believ]s4 ,:]e1 !re=e1 !y d n read !    
gospel1 or :]e !y d read x1 !y d n      
exam9e x2 :]e !y d exam9e x1 x is )     
prejudic$ eyes1 & ) a det]m9ation to f9d
 !re only :at c be con=mable to ^!      
prejudices1 & to ! int]e/s ( _!         
guides4--,9 consi/5cy ) 8 fe>s &        
prepossessions1 a ,*ri/ian conceives    
himself lo/1 %\ld he f9d 9 ! sacr$ books
 reason to d\bt ! v]acity ( 8 prie/s4   
,) su* dispositions1 x is no way        
surpris+ to see m5 p]si/+ 9 _!          
ignorance1 & mak+ a m]it ( reject+ !    
lights :i* reason (f]s !m4 ,x is ?us1 t 

error is p]petuat$1 & t nations1 9      
conc]t ) ^? :o deceive !m1 conf] on     
int]e/$ *eats an unb\nd$ confid5ce 9 :at
 !y reg>d z ( ! greate/ importance to _!
 own felicity4 ,b ! d>kness :i* = s _m  
ages has envelop$ ! human m9d1 beg9s to 
dissipate4 ,9 spite ( ! tyrannic c>es ( 
_! jeal\s guides1 mank9d seem desir\s to
 bur/ f ! pupilage1 :]e9 s _m causes    
comb9e to reta9 !m4 ,! ignorance 9 :i* !
 prie/hood fo/]$ ! cr$ul\s1 has vani%$ f
 among _m nations2 ! despotism ( prie/s 
is enfeebl$ 9 sev]al fl\ri%+ /ates2     
sci5ce has r5d]$ ! m9d m lib]al2 &      
mank9d beg9 to blu% at ! ignom9i\s      
fett]s1 "u :i* ! cl]gy h s long made bo?
 k+s & p groan4 ,! human m9d is /ruggl+ 
9 e c\ntry to break 9 pieces its *a9s4  
,hav+ premis$ ?is1 we proce$ to exam9e1 
)\t any prejudice1 ! life ( ,jesus4 ,we 
%all d$uce our facts f ! gospels        
only--memorials rev]5c$ & ackn[l$g$ by !
 doctors ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,to     
illu/rate ^! facts1 we %all employ ! aid
 ( criticism4 ,we %all exhibit1 9 !     

pla9e/ mann]1 ! conduct1 maxims1 &      
policy ( an obscure legislator1 :o1 aft]
 8 dea?1 acquir$ a celebrity to :i* he  
_h no pret5sions :ile alive4 ,we %all   
contemplate 9 its cradle a religion :i*1
 at fir/1 int5d$ = ! vile/ populace ( a 
nation1 ! mo/ abject1 ! mo/ cr$ul\s1 & !
 mo/ /upid on e>?1 became1 by little &  
little1 mi/ress ( ! ,romans1 ! firebr& (
 nations1 ! absolute sov]eign (         
,european mon>*s2 arbit] ( ! de/9y (    
k+doms2 ! cause ( _! fri5d%ip1 & ( _!   
hate2 ! cem5t :i* s]ves to /r5g!n _!    
alliance or _! discord2 & ! leav5 always
 ready to put m9ds 9 f]m5tation4 ,9 f9e1
 we %all behold an artizan1 a melan*oly 
en?usia/ & unskilful juggl]1 ab&on+ 8   
pr(ession ( a c>p5t] to prea* to m5 ( 8 
own ca/2 misc>ry+ 9 all 8 projects2     
himself puni%$ z a public inc5di>y2 dy+ 
on a cross2 & yet aft] 8 dea? becom+ !  
legislator & ! god ( _m nations1 & an   
object ( adoration to be+s :o pret5d to 
common s5se6  ,if ! ,holy ,_s _h        
anticipat$ ! transc5dant =tune :i* !    

religion ( ,jesus 0 "o day to atta92 if 
he _h =ese5 t ?is religion w\ld be      
receiv$ by k+s1 civiliz$ nations1       
s*ol>s1 & p]sons 9 ! high] circles (    
life2 if he _h suspect$ t x w\ld be     
exam9$1 analyz$1 discuss$ & criticis$ by
 logicians2 !re is reason to believe t  
he w\ld h left u memoirs less %apeless1 
facts m circum/antial1 pro(s m au!ntic1 
& mat]ials bett] dige/$ ?an ^? we       
possess on ! life & doctr9e ( its f\nd]4
 ,he w\ld h *os5 writ]s bett] qualifi$  
?an ^? he has inspir$1 to transmit to   
nations ! spee*es & actions ( ! savi\r (
 ! _w2 he w\ld h made him act & speak on
 ! mo/ trifl+ po9t1 9 a mann] m wor?y ( 
a god2 he w\ld h put 9 8 m\? a language 
m noble1 m p]spicu\s1 & m p]suasive2 &  
he w\ld h employ$ means m c]ta9 to      
conv9ce rebelli\s reason1 & aba%        
incr$ulity4  ,no?+ ( all ?is has        
occurr$3 ! gospel is m]ely an ea/]n     
romance1 disgu/+ to m5 ( common s5se1 & 
obvi\sly address$ to ! ignorant1 !      
/upid1 & ! vulg>2 ! only p]sons :om x c 

mislead4 ,criticism f9ds !re no         
connection ( facts1 no agreem5t (       
circum/ances1 no illu/ration (          
pr9ciples1 & no uni=mity ( relation4    
,f\r m51 unpoli%$ & unlett]$1 pass = !  
fai?ful au?ors ( memoirs conta9+ ! life 
( ,jesus2 & x is on _! te/imony t       
,*ri/ians believe !mselves b\nd to      
receive ! religion !y pr(ess2 & adopt1  
)\t exam9ation1 ! mo/ contradictory     
facts1 ! mo/ incr$ible actions1 ! mo/   
amaz+ prodigies1 ! mo/ unconnect$ sy/em1
 ! mo/ un9telligible doctr9es1 & ! mo/  
revolt+ my/]ies6  ,victor ( ,tunis in=ms
 u1 t1 9 ! six? c5tury1 ! ,emp]or       
,ana/asius caus$ ! gospels to be        
correct$1 z works compos$ by fools4 ,!  
,elem5ts ( ,euclid are intelligible to  
all :o endeavor to und]/& !m2 !y excite 
no dispute among geometricians4 ,is x s 
) ! ,bible8 & d its reveal$ tru?s       
occasion no disputes among div9es8 ,by  
:at fatality h writ+s reveal$ by ,god   
himself /ill ne$ ( comm5t>ies8 & :y d !y
 dem& additional lights f on high1 be=e 

!y c be believ$ or und]/ood8 ,is x n    
a/oni%+1 t :at 0 int5d$ z a guide to    
mank9d1 %\ld be :olly above _!          
compreh5sion8 ,is x n cruel1 t :at is ( 
mo/ importance to !m1 %\ld be lea/ kn[n8
 ,all is my/]y1 d>kness1 unc]ta9ty1 &   
matt] ( dispute1 9 a religion int5d$ by 
! ,mo/ ,high to enlight5 ! human race4  
,9 fact1 ,god is e :]e repres5t$ 9 !    
bible z a s$uc]4 ,he p]mitt$ ,eve to be 
s$uc$ by a s]p5t4 ,he h>d5$ ! he>t (    
,ph>aoh2 & ! prophet ,j]emiah di/9ctly  
accuses him ( be+ a deceiv]4  ,suppos+1 
h[ev]1 t ! gospels 7 9 reality writt5 by
 apo/les or disciples ( apo/les1 %\ld x 
n foll[ f ?is alone1 t _! te/imony ought
 to be suspect$8 ,c\ld n m5 :o are      
describ$ z illit]ate1 & de/itute (      
tal5ts1 be !mselves deceiv$8 ,c\ld n    
en?usia/s & cr$ul\s fanatics imag9e1 t  
!y _h se5 _m ?+s :i* nev] exi/$1 & ?us  
become ! dupes ( deception8 ,:oev] has  
p]us$ ! anci5t hi/orians1 p>ticul>ly    
,h]odotus1 ,plut>*1 ,livy1 & ,josephus1 
mu/ admit ! =ce ( ?is reason+4 ,^!      

writ]s1 ) a pi\s cr$ulity simil> to t ( 
,*ri/ians1 relate prodigies pregnant )  
absurdities1 :i* !y !mselves pret5d$ to 
h witness$1 or 7 witness$ by o!rs4      
,among ! wond]s t appe>$ at ,rome1 "s "t
 be=e ! triumvirate1 _m /atues ( ! ,gods
 sweat blood & wat]2 & !re 0 an ,ox :i* 
spoke4 ,"u ! empire ( ,caligula1 ! /atue
 ( ,jupit] ,olympus bur/ =? into su* l\d
 fits ( laught]1 t ^? :o 7 tak+ x d[n to
 c>ry to ,rome1 ab&on$ _! "w & fl$ 9    
t]ror4 ,a cr[ progno/icat$ mis=tune to  
,domitian1 & an ,owl paid ! same        
complim5t to ,h]od4  ,moreov]1 c\ld n   
impo/ors1 /rongly atta*$ to a sect by   
:i* !y subsi/$1 & :i*1 !re=e1 !y _h an  
int]e/ to support1 atte/ miracles1 &    
publi% /atem5ts ) ! falsehood ( :i* !y 7
 well acqua9t$8 & c\ld n ! fir/         
*ri/ians1 by a pi\s fraud1 aft]w>ds add 
or retr5* ?+s ess5tial to ! works       
ascrib$ to ! apo/les8 ,we "k t ,orig51 s
 e>ly z ! ?ird c5tury1 compla9$ l\dly ( 
! corruption ( manuscripts4 ,:at %all we
 say 7exclaims he7 ( ! errors (         

transcrib]s1 & ( ! impi\s tem]ity ) :i* 
!y h corrupt$ ! text8 ,:at %all we say (
 ! lic5ce ( ^?1 :o promiscu\sly         
int]polate or erase at _! pleasure8 ,^! 
que/ions =m w>rantable prejudices aga9/ 
! p]sons to :om ! gospels h be5 ascrib$1
 & aga9/ ! purity ( _! text4  ,x is also
 extremely difficult to asc]ta9 :e!r ^? 
books belong to ! au?ors ^: names !y    
be>4 ,9 ! fir/ ages ( ,*ri/ianity !re 0 
a great numb] ( gospels1 diff]5t f "o   
ano!r1 & compos$ = ! use ( diff]5t      
*ur*es & diff]5t sects ( ,*ri/ians4 ,!  
tru? ( ?is has be5 confess$ by          
ecclesia/ical hi/orians ( ! greate/     
cr$it4 7,tillemont1 tom4 ii4 #dg1 etc4  
,epiphan4 ,homil4 #hd4 ,dodwell's       
,diss]4 on ,ir5aeus1 p4 #ff4 ,fr]et's   
,exam94 ,critique4 ,codex ,apocryphus1  
c47 ,!re is1 !re=e1 reason to suspect1 t
 ! p]sons :o compos$ ! ackn[l$g$ gospels
 might1 ) ! view ( giv+ !m m weight1 h  
attribut$ !m to apo/les1 or disciples1  
:o actually _h no %>e 9 !m4 ,t idea1    
once adopt$ by ignorant & cr$ul\s       

*ri/ians1 might be transmitt$ f age to  
age1 & pass at la/ = c]ta9ty1 9 times :5
 x 0 no long] possible to asc]ta9 !     
au?ors or ! facts relat$4  ,among "s    
fifty gospels1 ) :i* ,*ri/ianity 9 its  
comm5cem5t 0 inundat$1 ! *ur*1 assembl$ 
9 c\ncil at ,nice1 *ose f\r ( !m1 &     
reject$ ! re/ z apocryphal1 al?\gh !    
latt] _h no?+ m ridicul\s 9 !m ?an ^?   
:i* 7 admitt$4 ,?us1 at ! end ( ?ree    
c5turies1 7i4e4 9 ! ?ree hundr$ &       
tw5ty-fif? ye> ( ! ,*ri/ian era17 "s    
bi%ops decid$1 t ^! f\r gospels 7 ! only
 ones :i* ought to be adopt$1 or :i* _h 
be5 inspir$ by ! ,holy ,_s4 ,a miracle  
enabl$ !m to discov] ?is important tru?1
 s difficult to be disc]n$ at a "t ev5  
!n n v remote f t ( ! apo/les4 ,!y      
plac$1 x is said1 promiscu\sly1 books   
apocryphal & au!ntic "u an alt>3--!     
,fa!rs ( ! ,c\ncil betook !mselves to   
pray]1 9 ord] to induce ! ,"l to p]mit !
 false or d\btful books to rema9 "u !   
alt>1 :il/ ^? :i* 7 truly inspir$ %\ld  
place !mselves above x--a circum/ance   

:i* did n fail to occur4 ,x is !n on ?is
 miracle t ! fai? ( ,*ri/ians dep5ds6 ,x
 is to x t !y owe ! assurance ( possess+
 ! true gospels1 or fai?ful memoirs ( ! 
life ( ,jesus6 ,x is f ^! only !y are1  
p]mitt$ to d$uce ! pr9ciples ( _!       
belief1 & ! rule ( conduct :i* !y ought 
to obs]ve 9 ord] to obta9 et]nal        
salvation6  ,?us1 ! au!nticity ( ! books
 :i* are ! basis ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 
is f\nd$ solely on ! au?ority ( a c\ncil
 compos$ ( prie/s & bi%ops4 ,b ^! bi%ops
 & prie/s1 judges & p>ties 9 an affair  
:]e9 !y 7 obvi\sly int]e/$1 c\ld !y n be
 !mselves deceiv$8 ,indep5d5tly ( !     
pret5d$ miracle :i* enabl$ !m to di/+ui%
 ! true gospels f ! false1 _h !y any    
sign by :i* !y c\ld cle>ly di/+ui% !    
writ+s !y ought to receive f ^? :i* !y  
ought to reject8 ,"s w tell u1 t ! *ur* 
assembl$ 9 a g5]al c\ncil is infallible2
 t !n ! ,holy ,_s inspires x1 & t its   
decisions ought to be reg>d$ z ^? ( ,god
 himself4 ,if we dem&1 :]e is ! pro( (  
?is infallibility8 x w be answ]$1 t !   

gospel assures x1 & t ,jesus has promis$
 to assi/ & enlight5 8 *ur* until !     
consummation ( ages4 ,"h ! incr$ul\s    
reply1 t ! *ur*1 or its m9i/]s1 create  
rights to !mselves2 = x is _! own       
au?ority :i* e/abli%es ! au!nticity (   
books :]eby t au?ority is e/abli%$4 ,?is
 is obvi\sly a circle ( errors4 ,9 %ort1
 an assembly ( bi%ops & prie/s has      
decid$1 t ! books :i* attribute to      
!mselves an infallible au?ority1 h be5  
div9ely inspir$6  ,not)/&+ ?is decision1
 !re /ill rema9 "s difficulties on !    
au!nticity ( ! gospels4 ,9 ! fir/ place1
 x may be ask$ :e!r ! decision ( !      
,c\ncil ( ,nice1 compos$ ( ?ree hundr$ &
 eighte5 bi%ops1 ought to be reg>d$ z t 
( ! univ]sal *ur*8 ,7 all :o =m$ t      
assembly entirely ( ! same op9ion8 ,71  
!re no disputes among ^! m5 inspir$ by !
 ,holy ,_s8 ,0 _! decision unanim\sly   
accept$8 ,_h n ! au?ority ( ,con/ant9e a
 *ief %>e 9 ! adoption ( ! decrees ( t  
celebrat$ c\ncil8 ,9 ?is case1 0 x n !  
imp]ial p[]1 r ?an ! spiritual au?ority1

 :i* decid$ ! au!nticity ( ! gospels8   
,9 ! second place1 _m !ologi/s agree1 t 
! univ]sal *ur*1 al?\gh infallible 9    
doctr9e1 may err 9 facts4 ,n[ x is      
evid5t1 t 9 ! case allud$ to1 ! doctr9e 
dep5ds on fact4 ,inde$1 be=e decid+ :e!r
 ! doctr9es conta9$ 9 ! gospels 7 div9e1
 x 0 necess>y to "k1 :e!r ! gospels     
!mselves 7 writt5 by ! inspir$ au?ors to
 :om !y are ascrib$4 ,?is is obvi\sly a 
fact4 ,x 0 fur!r necess>y to "k1 :e!r ! 
gospels _h nev] be5 alt]$1 mutilat$1    
augm5t$1 int]polat$1 or falsifi$1 by !  
diff]5t h&s ?r\gh :i* !y _h pass$ 9 !   
c\rse ( ?ree c5turies4 ,?is is likewise 
a fact4 ,c ! fa!rs ( ! *ur* gu>antee !  
probity ( all ! deposit>ies ( ^? writ+s1
 & ! exactness ( all ! transcrib]s8 ,c  
!y decide def9itively1 t1 dur+ s long a 
p]iod1 none c\ld ins]t 9 ^! memoirs1    
m>vel\s relations or dogmas1 unkn[n to  
^? :o are _! suppos$ au?ors8 ,does n    
ecclesia/ical hi/ory in=m u1 t1 9 !     
orig9 ( ,*ri/ianity1 !re 7 s*isms1      
disputes1 h]esies1 & sects )\t numb]2 & 

t ea* ( ! disputants f\nd$ 8 op9ion on !
 gospels8 ,ev5 9 ! "t ( ! ,c\ncil (     
,nice1 d we n f9d t ! :ole *ur* 0 divid$
 on ! fundam5tal article ( ! ,*ri/ian   
religion--! div9ity ( ,jesus8  ,?us x is
 se5 t ! c\ncil ( ,nice 0 ! true f\nd] (
 ,*ri/ianity1 :i*1 till !n1 w&]$ at     
r&om2 did n ackn[l$ge ,jesus to be ,god2
 _h no au!ntic gospels2 0 )\t a fix$    
law2 & _h no code ( doctr9e :]eon to    
rely4 ,a numb] ( bi%ops & prie/s1 v few 
9 comp>ison ( ^? :o compos$ ! :ole      
,*ri/ian *ur*1 & ^! bi%ops no way       
unanim\s1 decid$ on ! po9ts mo/ ess5tial
 to ! salvation ( nations4 ,!y decid$ on
 ! div9ity ( ,jesus2 on ! au!nticity ( !
 gospels2 t1 accord+ to ^!1 _! own      
au?ority ought to be deem$ infallible4  
,9 a ^w1 !y decid$ on ! sum total (     
fai?6 ,nev]!less _! decisions might h   
rema9$ )\t =ce1 if !y _h n be5 support$ 
by ! au?ority ( ,con/ant9e4 ,?is pr9ce  
gave preval5ce to ! op9ion ( ! fa!rs ( !
 c\ncil1 :o knew h[ to draw him1 = a "t1
 to _! own side2 & :o1 amid/ ?is        

multitude ( gospels & writ+s1 did n fail
 to decl>e ^? div9e :i* !y judg$ mo/    
com=mable to _! own op9ions1 or to !    
rul+ faction4 ,9 religion z 9 o!r ?+s1 !
 reason+ ( ! /ronge/ p>ty is always !   
be/4  ,behold1 !n1 ! au?ority ( an      
emp]or1 :o det]m9es ! *ief po9ts ( !    
,*ri/ian religion6 ,?is emp]or1 unsettl$
 9 8 own fai?1 decides t ,jesus is      
consubtantial ) ! ,fa!r1 & compels 8    
subjects to receive1 z inspir$1 ! f\r   
gospels we h 9 our h&s4--,x is 9 ^!     
memoirs1 adopt$ by a few bi%ops 9 !     
c\ncil ( ,nice2 by !m attribut$ to      
apo/les1 or unexceptionable p]sons      
inspir$ by ! ,holy ,_s2 by !m propos$ to
 s]ve z an indisp5sable rule to         
,*ri/ians2 t we are to seek = ! mat]ials
 ( our hi/ory4 ,we %all /ate !m )       
fidelity2 we %all comp>e & connect _!   
discordant relations2 we %all see if !  
facts :i* !y detail are wor?y ( ,god1 & 
calculat$ to procure to mank9d !        
advantages :i* !y expect4 ,?is inquiry w
 enable u to judge rightly ( ! ,*ri/ian 

religion2 ( ! degree ( confid5ce we     
ought to place 9 x2 ( ! e/eem we ought  
to ent]ta9 = its lessons & doctr9es2 & (
 ! idea we %\ld =m ( ,jesus its f\nd]4  
,?\gh1 9 compos+ ?is hi/ory1 we h laid x
 d[n z a rule to employ ! gospels only1 
we presume n to flatt] ourselves t x w  
please e body1 or t ! cl]gy w adopt our 
labors4 ,! connections we %all =m2 !    
int]pretations we %all give2 !          
animadv]sions we %all pres5t to our     
read]s1 w n always be entirely agreeable
 to ! views ( our spiritual guides1 !   
great] "p ( :om are enemies to all      
inquiry4 ,to su* m5 we w\ld /ate1 t     
criticism gives a lu/re to tru?2 t to   
reject all exam9ation is to ackn[l$ge ! 
weakness ( _! cause2 & t n to wi% =     
discussion is to av[ x to be incapable (
 su/a9+ a trial4  ,if !y tell u1 t our  
ideas are repugnant to ! decisions (    
c\ncils1 ( ! fa!rs1 & ( ! univ]sal *ur*2
 to ?is we %all answ]1 t1 accord+ to _! 
own books1 opposition is n always a     
crime2 we %all plead ! example ( an     

apo/le1 to :om ! ,*ri/ian religion is "u
 ! greate/ obligations--:at d we        
say6--to :om alone1 p]haps1 x owes its  
exi/5ce4 ,n[ ?is apo/le boa/s ( hav+    
)/ood ! great ,/4 ,pet] to 8 face1 t    
visible head ( ! *ur*1 appo9t$ by ,jesus
 himself to fe$ 8 flock2 & ^:           
infallibility is at lea/ z probable z t 
( 8 successors4  ,if !y *>ge u )        
innovation1 we %all plead ! example (   
,jesus himself1 :o 0 reg>d$ z an        
innovator by ! ,jews1 & :o 0 a m>tyr = !
 re=m he int5d$ to introduce4 ,if !     
op9ions be unacceptable1 ! au?or1 z he  
has no pret5sions to div9e inspiration1 
leaves to e "o ! lib]ty ( reject+ or    
receiv+ 8 int]pretations1 & me?od (     
inve/igation4 ,he does n ?reat5 ) et]nal
 torm5ts ^? :o resi/ 8 argum5ts2 he has 
n cr$it en\gh to promise heav5 to su* z 
yield to !m2 he pret5ds nei!r to        
con/ra91 nor to s$uce ^? :o d n ?9k z he
 does4 ,he is desir\s only to calm !    
m9d2 allay animosity2 & soo? ! passions 
( ^? zealots1 :o are ev] ready to h>ass 

& de/roy _! fell[ creatures on acc\nt ( 
op9ions :i* may n appe> equally conv9c+ 
to all ! _w4 ,he promises to po9t out ! 
ridicul\s cruelty ( ^? m5 ( blood1 :o   
p]secute = dogmas :i* !y !mselves d n   
und]/&4 ,he v5tures to flatt] himself1 t
 su* z p]use ?is inquiry ) coolness1 w  
ackn[l$ge1 t x is v possible to d\bt ( !
 inspiration ( ! gospels1 & ( ! div9e   
mission ( ,jesus1 )\t ceas+ to be a     
rational & hone/ man4  ,su* z are       
exasp]at$ aga9/ ?is "w are entreat$ to  
rememb]1 t fai? is a gift ( heav52 t !  
want ( x is n a vice2 t if ! ,jews1 :o 7
 eye witnesses ( ! wond]s ( ,jesus1 did 
n believe !m1 x is v p>donable to d\bt  
!m at ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1      
especially on f9d+ t ! acc\nts ( ^!     
m>vels1 ?\gh said to h be5 inspir$ by ! 
,holy ,_s1 are n uni=m nor 9 h>mony )   
ea* o!r4 ,9 f9e1 fi]y devotees are      
e>ne/ly entreat$ to mod]ate _! holy     
rage1 & suff] ! meekness1 s (t5         
recomm5d$ by _! div9e ,savi\r to occupy 
! place ( t bitt] zeal1 & p]secut+ _s   

:i* creates s _m enemies to ! ,*ri/ian  
religion4 ,let !m rememb]1 t if x 0 to  
pati5ce & =be>ance ,jesus promis$ !     
possession ( ! e>?1 x is mu* to be fe>$ 
t pride1 intol]ance & inhumanity1 w r5d]
 ! m9i/]s ( ! *ur* dete/able1 & make !m 
lose t empire ov] m9ds1 :i* to !m is s  
agreeable4 ,if !y wi% to reign ov]      
rational m51 !y mu/ display reason1 k1  
&1 above all1 virtues m useful ?an ^?   
:]e) ! tea*]s ( ! gospel h s long infe/$
 society4 ,jesus has said1 ,happy are ! 
meek1 = !y %all inh]it ! e>?2 unless    
inde$ int]pret]s %\ld pret5d1 t ?is only
 signifies ! necessity ( p]secut+1      
ext]m9at+1 & cutt+ ! ?roats ( ^? ^:     
affections !y wi% to ga94  ,if x 7      
p]mitt$ to cite ! maxims ( a pr(ane     
p]son by t ( ! ,son ( ,god1 we w\ld     
quote "h ! apoph!gm ( ! pr(\nd          
,ma*iavel1 t empires are pres]v$ by !   
same means :]eby !y are e/abli%$4 ,x 0  
by meekness1 pati5ce1 & precaution1 t ! 
disciples ( ,jesus are said to h at fir/
 e/abli%$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,_! successors   

employ$ viol5ce2 b n until !y f\nd      
!mselves support$ by dev\t tyrants4     
,s9ce !n1 ! gospel ( peace has be5 !    
signal ( w>2 ! pacific disciples (      
,jesus h become implacable w>riors2 h   
treat$ ea* o!r z f]oci\s bea/s2 & ! *ur*
 has be5 p]petually torn by diss5tions1 
s*isms1 & factions4 ,if ! primitive _s (
 pati5ce & meekness does n quickly      
return to ! aid ( religion1 x w soon    
become ! object ( ! hatr$ ( nations1 :o 
beg9 to feel t morality is pref]able to 
obscure dogmas1 & t peace is ( great]   
value ?an ! holy fr5zy ( ! m9i/]s ( !   
gospel4  ,we _c1 !re=e1 ) too mu*       
e>ne/ness exhort !m1 = _! own sakes1 to 
mod]ation4 ,let !m imitate _! div9e     
,ma/]1 :o nev] employ$ 8 ,fa!r's p[] to 
ext]m9ate ! ,jews1 ( :om he _h s mu* to 
compla94 ,he did n make ! armies ( heav5
 desc5d1 9 ord] to e/abli% 8 doctr9e4   
,he *ose r to surr5d] to ! secul> p[]   
?an give up ! infidels1 :om 8 prodigies 
& transc5d5t reason+ c\ld n conv9ce4    
,?\gh he is repres5t$ z be+ ! deposit>y 

( ! p[] ( ! ,mo/ ,high2 ?\gh he 0       
inspir$ by ! ,holy ,_s2 ?\gh he _h at 8 
comm& all ! angels ( p>adise1 we d n f9d
 t he p]=m$ any miracles on ! und]/&+s (
 8 auditory4 ,he suff]$ !m to rema9 9 _!
 bl9dness1 ?\gh he _h come on purpose to
 enlight5 !m4 ,we _c d\bt1 t a conduct1 
s wise1 0 int5d$ to make ! pa/ors ( 8   
*ur* 7:o are n possess$ ( m p]suasive   
p[]s ?an _! ma/]7 s5sible t x is n by   
viol5ce !y c reconcile ! m9d to         
incr$ible ?+s2 & t x w\ld be unju/ to   
=ce o!rs to compreh5d :at1 )\t favor f  
above2 x w\ld be impossible = !mselves  
to compreh5d2 or :at1 ev5 ) su* favor1  
!y b v imp]fectly und]/&4  ,b x is "t to
 conclude an introduction1 p]haps1      
already too long to a "w :i*1 ev5 )\t   
preamble1 may be tiresome to ! cl]gy1 & 
irritate ! temp] ( ! dev\t4 ,! au?or    
does himself ! ju/ice to believe1 t he  
has writt5 en\gh to be attack$ by a ho/ 
( writ]s1 oblig$1 by situation to repel 
8 bl[s1 & to def5d1 "r or wrong1 a cause
 :]e9 !y are s deeply int]e/$4 ,he      

calculates t1 on 8 dea?1 8 book w be    
calumniat$1 z well z 8 reputation1 & 8  
argum5ts misrepres5t$1 or mutilat$4 ,he 
expects to be treat$ z impi\s--a        
blasphem]--an a!i/1 & to be load$ ) all 
! epi!ts :i* ! pi\s are 9 use to lavi%  
on ^? :o disquiet !m4 ,he w n1 h[ev]1   
sleep ! less tranquil = t2 b z 8 sleep  
may prev5t him f reply+1 he ?9ks x 8    
duty to in=m 8 antagoni/s be=e h&1 t    
injuries are n reasons4 ,he does m--he  
bequea?s !m *>itable advice1 to :i* !   
def5d]s ( religion d n usually pay      
suffici5t att5tion4 ,!y are !n appris$1 
t if1 9 _! le>n$ refutations1 !y d n    
resolve completely all ! objections     
br\ght aga9/ !m1 !y w h done no?+ = _!  
cause4 ,! def5d]s ( a religion1 9 :i* x 
is affirm$ t e ?+ is div9ely inspir$1   
are b\nd n to leave a s+le argum5t      
beh9d1 & ought to be conv9c$ t answ]+ to
 an argum5t is n always refut+ x4 ,!y   
%\ld please also to keep 9 remembrance1 
t a s+le falsehood1 a s+le absurdity1 a 
s+le contradiction1 or a s+le blund]1   

fairly po9t$ out 9 ! gospels1 is        
suffici5t to r5d] suspect$1 & ev5 to    
ov]turn ! au?ority ( a book :i* ought to
 be p]fect 9 all its p>ts1 if x be true 
t x is ! "w ( an inf9itely p]fect ,be+4 
,an incr$ul\s p]son1 be+ b a man1 may   
reason wrong2 b x is nev] p]mitt$ to a  
,god1 or 8 in/rum5ts1 ei!r to contradict
 !mselves1 or to talk nons5se4          
,,ecce ,,homo6  ,,*ap4 ,i4  ,,acc\nt ,,(
 ,,! ,,jewi% ,,p ,,& ,,_!               
,,prophets4--,,inquiry ,,into ,,!       
,,prophecies ,,relat+ ,,to ,,jesus4     
,h[ev] slightly we ca/ our eyes ov] !   
hi/ory ( ! ,jews1 z conta9$ 9 _! sacr$  
books1 we are =c$ to ackn[l$ge1 t ^! p 7
 at all times ! bl9de/1 ! mo/ /upid1 !  
mo/ cr$ul\s1 ! mo/ sup]/iti\s1 & !      
sillie/ t ev] appe>$ on e>?4 ,moses1 by 
d9t ( miracles1 or delusions1 succe$$ 9 
subjugat+ ! ,israelites4 ,aft] hav+     
lib]at$ !m f ! iron rod ( ! ,egyptians1 
he put !m "u 8 own4 ,?is celebrat$      
legislator _h evid5tly ! int5tion to    
subject ! ,hebrews = ev] to 8 purposes1 

&1 aft] himself1 to r5d] !m ! slaves ( 8
 family & tribe4 ,x is obvi\s1 t !      
mosaical economy _h no o!r object ?an to
 deliv] up ! p ( ,israel to ! tyranny & 
extortions ( prie/s & ,levites4 ,^! !   
law1 :i* 0 promulgat$ 9 "n ( ! ,et]nal1 
au?oris$ to dev\r ! re/ ( ! nation1 & to
 cru% !m "u an insupportable yoke4 ,!   
*os5 p ( ,god 7 de/9$ solely to be !    
prey ( ! prie/hood2 to satiate _! av>ice
 & ambition2 & to become ! in/rum5t &   
victim ( _! passions4  ,h5ce1 by ! law1 
& by ! policy ( ! prie/s1 ! p ( ,god 7  
kept 9 a pr(\nd ignorance1 9 an abject  
sup]/ition1 9 an unsocial & savage      
av]sion = ! re/ ( mank9d2 9 an invet]ate
 hatr$ ( o!r =ms ( wor%ip1 & 9 a b>b>\s 
& sangu9>y intol]ance t[>ds e =eign     
religion4 ,all ! neighbors ( ! ,hebrews1
 71 !re=e1 _! enemies4 ,if ! holy nation
 0 ! object ( ! love ( ! mo/ high1 x 0  
an object ( contempt & horror to all :o 
_h occasion to "k x--a fact admitt$ by  
_! own hi/orian1 ,josephus4 ,= ?is x 0  
indebt$ to its religi\s in/itutions1 to 

! labors ( its prie/s1 to its div9]s1 & 
its prophets1 :o cont9ually pr(itt$ by  
its cr$ulity1 9 display+ wond]s & k9dl+ 
its delirium4  ,"u ! guidance ( ,moses1 
& ( g5]als or judges :o gov]n$ !m       
aft]w>ds1 ! ,jewi% p di/+ui%$ !mselves  
only by massacres1 unju/ w>s1 cruelties1
 usurpations1 & infamies1 :i* 7 enjo9$  
!m 9 ! "n ( ! ,et]nal4 ,we>y ( !        
gov]nm5t ( _! prie/s1 :i* drew on !m    
mis=tunes & bloody defeats1 ! desc5dants
 ( ,abraham dem&$ k+s2 b1 "u ^!1 ! /ate 
0 p]petually torn ) disputes betwe5 !   
prie/hood & ! gov]nm5t4 ,sup]/ition aim$
 at rul+ ov] policy4 ,prophets & prie/s 
pret5d$ to reign ov] k+s1 ( :om su* z 7 
n suffici5tly submissive to ! int]pret]s
 ( heav51 7 r5\nc$ by ! ,"l1 &1 f t     
mom5t1 unackn[l$g$ & oppos$ by _! own   
subjects4 ,fanatics & impo/ors1 absolute
 ma/]s ( ! und]/&+s ( ! nation1 7       
cont9ually ready to r\se x1 & excite 9  
its bosom ! mo/ t]rible revolutions4 ,x 
0 ! intrigues ( ! prophets t depriv$    
,saul ( 8 cr[n1 & be/[$ x on ,david1 !  

man accord+ to ,god's own he>t--t is to 
say1 devot$ to ! w ( ! prie/s4 ,x 0 !   
prophets1 :o1 to puni% ! defection (    
,solomon 9 ! p]son ( 8 son1 occasion$ ! 
sep>ation ( ! k+doms ( ,judea & ,israel4
 ,x 0 ! prophets :o kept ^! two k+doms  
cont9ually at v>iance2 weak5$ !m by     
means ( ea* o!r1 desolat$ !m by religi\s
 & fatal w>s1 conduct$ !m to complete   
ru91 a total disp]sion ( _! inhabitants1
 & a long captivity among ! ,assyrians4 
,s _m calamities did n op5 ! eyes ( !   
,jews1 :o cont9u$ ob/9ate 9 refus+ to   
ackn[l$ge ! true s\rce ( _! mis=tunes4  
,re/or$ to _! homes by ! b\nty ( ,cyrus1
 !y 7 aga9 gov]n$ by prie/s & prophets1 
^: maxims r5d]$ !m turbul5t1 & drew on  
!m ! hatr$ ( sov]eigns :o subdu$ !m4 ,! 
,greek pr9ces treat$ ) ! greate/ sev]ity
 a p :om ! oracles & promises ( _!      
prophets r5d]$ always rebelli\s1 &      
ungov]nable4 ,! ,jews1 9 f9e1 became !  
prey ( ! ,romans1 ^: yoke !y bore ) fe>1
 aga9/ :om impo/ors (t5 incit$ !m to    
revolt1 & :o1 at la/1 tir$ ( _! frequ5t 

rebellions1 entirely de/roy$ !m z a     
nation4  ,su*1 9 a few words1 is !      
hi/ory ( ! ,jewi% p4 ,x pres5ts ! mo/   
memorable examples ( ! evils :i*        
fanaticism & sup]/ition produce2 = x is 
evid5t t ! cont9ual revolutions1 bloody 
w>s1 & total de/ruction ( t nation1 _h  
no o!r cause ?an its unwe>i$ cr$ulity1  
its submission to prie/s1 its en?usiasm1
 & its furi\s zeal1 excit$ by ! inspir$4
 ,on read+ ! ,old ,te/am5t1 we are =c$  
to confess1 t ! p ( ,god 7?anks to !    
rogu]y ( _! spiritual guides7 71 beyond 
contradiction1 ! mo/ un=tunate p t ev]  
exi/$4 ,yet ! mo/ solemn promises (     
,jehovah seem$ to assure to t p a       
fl\ri%+ & puissant empire4 ,god _h made 
an et]nal alliance ) ,abraham & 8       
po/]ity2 b ! ,jews1 f> f reap+ ! fruits 
( ?is alliance1 & f> f enjoy+ !         
prosp]ity !y _h be5 l$ to expect1 liv$  
cont9ually 9 ! mid/ ( calamities1 & 71 m
 ?an all o!r nations1 ! sport (         
frightful revolutions4 ,s _m disa/]s1   
h[ev]1 7 incapable ( r5d]+ !m m         

consid]ate2 ! exp]i5ce ( s _m ages did n
 h9d] !m f rely+ on oracles s (t5       
contradict$2 & ! m un=tunate !y f\nd    
!mselves1 ! m root$ 7 !y 9 _! cr$ulity4 
,! de/ruction ( _! nation c\ld n br+ !m 
to d\bt ( ! excell5ce ( _! law1 ( !     
wisdom ( _! in/itutions1 or ( ! v]acity 
( _! prophets1 :o successively reliev$  
ea* o!r1 ei!r 9 m5ac+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1
 or 9 re-animat+ _! frivol\s hopes4     
,/rongly conv9c$ t !y 7 ! sacr$ & *os5 p
 ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 alone wor?y ( 8 favors1
 ! ,jews1 9 spite ( all _! mis]ies1 7   
cont9ually p]suad$ t _! ,god c\ld n h   
ab&on$ !m4--,!y1 !re=e1 con/antly look$ 
= an end to _! afflictions1 & promis$   
!mselves a deliv]ance1 :i* obscure      
oracles _h l$ !m to expect4 ,build+ on  
^! fanatical notions1 !y 7 at all times 
dispos$ to li/5 ) avidity to e man :o   
ann\nc$ himself z inspir$ by heav52 !y  
eag]ly ran aft] e s+ul> p]sonage :o c\ld
 fe$ _! expectations2 !y foll[$ :oev] _h
 ! secret ( a/oni%+ !m by impo/ures1 :i*
 _! /upidity made !m consid] sup]natural

 works1 & unque/ionable signs ( div9e   
p[]4 ,dispos$ to see ! m>vell\s 9 ! mo/ 
trifl+ ev5ts1 e adroit impo/or 0 on !   
wat* to deceive !m1 & 0 c]ta9 ( mak+ m  
or less adh]5ts1 especially among !     
populace1 :o are e :]e de/itute (       
exp]i5ce & k4  ,x 0 9 ! mid/ ( a p ( ?is
 disposition t ! p]sonage appe>$ ^:     
hi/ory we write4 ,he v soon f\nd foll[]s
 9 ! mo/ despicable ( ! rabble4 ,second$
 by ^!1 he prea*$1 z usual1 re=mation to
 8 fell[ citiz5s1 he wr\ght wond]s2 he  
/yl$ himself ! envoy ( ! ,div9ity4 ,he  
p>ticul>ly f\nd$ 8 mission on vague1    
obscure1 & ambigu\s pr$ictions1 conta9$ 
9 ! sacr$ books ( ! ,jews1 :i* he appli$
 to himself4 ,he ann\nc$ himself z !    
messiah or mess5g]1 ! deliv]] ( ,israel1
 :o = s _m ages 0 ! object ( ! nation's 
hope4 ,8 disciples1 8 apo/les1 &        
aft]w>ds _! successors1 f\nd means to   
apply to _! ma/] ! anci5t prophecies1   
:]e9 he seem$ ! lea/ p]ceptibly design$4
 ,! ,*ri/ians1 docile & full ( fai?1 h  
_h ! good =tune to see ! f\nd] ( _!     

religion pr$ict$ 9 ! cle>e/ mann]       
?r\gh\t ! :ole ,old ,te/am5t4 ,by d9t ( 
allegories1 figures1 int]pretations1 &  
comm5t>ies1 _! doctors h br\ght !m to   
see1 9 ?is %apeless compilation1 all t  
!y _h an int]e/ 9 po9t+ out to !m4 ,:5  
passages tak5 lit]ally did n c\nt5ance  
deceit agreeably to _! views1 !y        
contriv$ = !m a two-fold s5se3 !y       
pret5d$ t x 0 n necess>y to und]/& !m   
lit]ally1 b to give !m a my/ical1       
allegorical1 & spiritual mean+4 ,to     
expla9 ^! pret5d$ pr$ictions1 !y        
cont9ually sub/itut$ "o "n = ano!r2 !y  
reject$ ! lit]al mean+1 9 ord] to adopt 
a figurative "o2 !y *ang$ ! mo/ natural 
signification ( words !y appli$ ! same  
passages to ev5ts q opposite2 !y retr5*$
 ! names ( "s p]sonages pla9ly design$1 
9 ord] to introduce t ( ,jesus2 &1 9 all
 ?is1 !y did n blu% to make ! mo/ cry+  
abuse ( ! pr9ciples ( language4  ,! ?ird
 *apt] ( ,g5esis furni%es a /rik+       
example ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! doctors ( !   
,*ri/ian religion h allegoriz$ passages 

( scripture1 9 ord] to apply !n to      
,jesus4 ,9 ?is *apt]1 ,god says to !    
s]p5t1 convict$ ( hav+ s$uc$ ! woman1 ! 
se$ ( ! woman %all bruise ?y head4 ,?is 
prophesy appe>s ) s mu* ! m difficulty  
to apply to ,jesus1 t ^! words foll[--& 
?\ %alt bruise 8 heel4 ,we d n          
compreh5d1 :y ! se$ ( ! woman mu/ be    
und]/ood ( ,jesus4 ,if he 0 ! ,son (    
,god1 or ,god himself1 he c\ld n be     
produc$ f ! se$ ( ! woman4 ,if he 0 man1
 he is n po9t$ out 9 a p>ticul> mann] by
 ^! words1 = all m51 )\t exception1 are 
produc$ f ! se$ ( wom54 ,accord+ to our 
int]pret]s1 ! s]p5t is s91 & ! se$ ( !  
woman t bruises x is ,jesus inc>nate 9 !
 womb ( ,m>y4 ,s9ce ! com+ ( ,jesus1    
h[ev]1 s91 typifi$ by ! s]p5t1 has at   
all times exi/$2 f :i* we are l$ to     
conclude1 t ,jesus has n de/roy$ x1 & t 
! pr$iction is nei!r lit]ally nor       
allegorically accompli%$4  ,9 !         
tw5ty-second *apt] ( ,g5esis1 ,god      
promises to ,abraham1 t 9 8 se$ all !   
nations ( ! e>? %all be bless$4 ,:at we 

/yle prosp]ity1 ! ,hebrews t]m$ bless+s4
 ,if ,abraham & 8 race enjoy$ prosp]ity1
 x 0 only = a %ort p]iod2 ! ,hebrews    
became aft]w>ds ! slaves ( ! ,egyptians1
 & 71 z has be5 se51 ! mo/ un=tunate p  
on e>?4 ,*ri/ians h also giv5 a my/ic   
s5se to ?is prophecy3--!y sub/itute ! "n
 ( ,jesus = t ( ,abraham1 & x is 9 him t
 all ! nations %all be bless$4 ,!       
advantages !y %all enjoy w be           
p]secutions1 calamities1 & mis=tunes ( e
 k9d2 & 8 disciples1 l himself1 %all    
und]go ! mo/ pa9ful puni%m5ts4 ,h5ce we 
see1 t1 foll[+ our int]pret]s1 ! ^w     
bless+ has *ang$ its mean+2 x no long]  
implies prosp]ity2 x signifies :at1 9   
ord9>y language1 is t]m$ curses1        
disa/]s1 afflictions1 tr\bles1          
divisions1 & religi\s w>s--calamities ) 
:i* ! ,*ri/ian nations h be5 cont9ually 
bless$ s9ce ! e/abli%m5t ( ! *ur*4      
,*ri/ians believe t !y see ,jesus       
ann\nc$ 9 ! #di? *apt] ( ,g5esis4 ,!    
patri>* ,jacob !re promises sov]eign p[]
 to ,judah4 ,! sceptre 7says he7 %all n 

dep>t f ,judah1 nor a lawgiv] f betwe5 8
 feet1 until ,%iloh come1 & unto him    
%all ! ga!r+ ( ! p be4 ,x is ?us t      
sev]al int]pret]s translate ! t5? v]se (
 ! #di? *apt] ( ,g5esis4 ,o!rs h        
translat$ x ?us1 ! au?ority %all =ev] be
 9 ,judah1 :5 ! ,messiah %all h come4   
,o!rs read1 ! au?ority %all be 9 ,judah1
 till ! mess5g] receive 9 ,%iloh !      
sov]eign p[]4 ,o!rs aga9 r5d] ! passage 
9 ?is mann]1 ! p ( ,judah %all be 9     
affliction1 till ! mess5g] ( ! ,"l comes
 to put an end to x2 & accord+ to o!rs1 
till ! city ( ,%iloh be de/roy$4  ,?is  
div]sity 9 ! translation ( ! same       
passage ought1 unque/ionably1 to r5d] ! 
prophecy v suspici\s4 ,fir/1 we see t x 
is impossible to det]m9e ! signification
 ( ! ^w ,%iloh1 or to asc]ta91 :e!r x be
 ! "n ( a man or a city8 ,secondly1 x is
 prov$ by ! sacr$ books1 receiv$ equally
 by ,jew & ,*ri/ians1 t ! sov]eign p[]  
is gone f ,judah2 0 :olly annihilat$    
dur+ ! ,babyloni% captivity1 & has n be5
 re-e/abli%$ s9ce4 ,if x is pret5d$1 t  

,jesus came to re/ore ! p[] ( ,judah1 we
 ass]t1 on ! contr>y1 t1 9 ! "t (       
,jesus1 ,judah 0 )\t au?ority1 = ,judah 
_h submitt$ to ! ,romans4 ,b our doctors
 h aga9 rec\rse to allegory3--accord+ to
 !m1 ! p[] ( ,judah 0 ! spiritual p[] ( 
,jesus ov] ,*ri/ians1 designat$ by      
,judah4  ,!y1 9 l mann]1 see ,jesus     
=etold by ,balaam1 :o1 by ! bye1 0 a    
false prophet4 ,he ?us expresses        
himself3 7,numb]s xxiv4 #af17--;,he ha? 
said1 :o he>d ! words ( ,god1 & knew ! k
 ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 :o saw ! vision ( !    
,almighty1 fall+ into a trance1 b hav+ 8
 eyes op53 ,i %all see him b n n[2 ,i   
%all behold him b n nigh2 !re %all come 
a /> out ( ,jacob1 & a sceptre %all rise
 out ( ,israel1 c4 ,9 ?is un9telligible 
j>gon1 !y pret5d to %ew ,*ri/ians a cle>
 pr$iction ( ! f\nd] ( _! religion4 ,x  
is he :o is ! />1 because 8 lum9\s      
doctr9e enlight5s all m9ds4 ,?is        
sceptre1 :i* %all rise out ( ,israel1 is
 ! cross ( ,jesus1 by ! aid ( :i* he has
 triumph$ ov] ! ,devil1 :o1 9 spite (   

?is victory1 ceases n to reign on e>?1 &
 to r5d] useless ! triumph ( ! ,son (   
,god4  ,b ( all ! prophecies conta9$ 9 !
 ,old ,te/am5t1 !re is n "o to :i* !    
,*ri/ian doctors h atta*$ m importance  
?an t f\nd 9 ,isaiah1 *ap4 vii4 #ad ,a  
"y woman %all conceive1 & be> a son1 &  
%all call 8 "n ,immanuel4 ,to f9d out   
,jesus 9 ?is pr$iction1 x is1 fir/ (    
all1 necess>y to be conv9c$1 t ?is woman
 is ,m>y2 next1 x is necess>y to asc]ta9
 t ,immanuel is ! same ) ,jesus4 ,x w   
always be object$ aga9/ ?is pret5d$     
prophecy1 t x is suffici5t to read !    
*apt] ( ,isaiah :5ce ! passage is tak51 
to be satisfi$ t ! prophet _h 9 view    
,ahaz k+ ( ,judah4 ,?is pr9ce is !re    
repres5t$ z 9 con/]nation1 on acc\nt ( !
 arrival ( ,rez9 & ,pekah1 k+s ( ,syria 
& ,israel1 :o1 ) _! unit$ armies1       
?reat5$ 8 dom9ions4 ,isaiah enc\rag$    
him1 by repres5t+ t he /ill _h =ces     
suffici5t1 & promis$ him ! assi/ance ( !
 ,"l1 :om e prophet made to be ( 8 own  
p>ty4 ,to gu>antee 8 promises1 ,isaiah  

told 8 sov]eign1 t he _h only to ask (  
him a sign4 ,! dispirit$ pr9ce repli$1 t
 he did n wi% to tempt ! ,"l4 ,!        
prophet1 h[ev]1 wi%+ to conv9ce him1    
ann\nc$ a sign--,a "y woman %all        
conceive1 & br+ =? a son1 :o %all be    
call$ ,immanuel4 ,n[ ! foll[+ *apt]     
in=ms u :o ?is "y woman 03 %e 0 ! wife (
 ,isaiah himself4--,i took unto me 7says
 he7 fai?ful witnesses2 & ,i w5t unto ! 
prophetess1 & %e conceiv$ & b>e a son4  
,! simple inspection ( ?is text1        
evid5tly %[s t x is 9 no respect        
applicable to ,jesus4 ,if :at is record$
 9 #b;d ,*ron4 c4 v4 be true1 ! prophecy
 0 n ev5 accompli%$1 b ! rev]se ( its   
fulfilm5t took place4 ,in/ead ( ,ahaz   
defeat+ 8 enemies1 z ,isaiah promis$ he 
w\ld1 8 :ole army 0 r\t$1 #abj1jjj      
kill$1 & #bjj1jjj c>ri$ into captivity  
by ! k+s ( ,syria & ,israel4 ,x is      
evid5t1 !n1 t ?is fam\s sign ( a "y     
woman %all conceive1 c4 s]v$ only 9 !   
fir/ in/ance to deceive ! k+ ( ,judah1 &
 has s9ce be5 employ$ to mislead ^? :o1 

l t k+1 reli$ on ! pr(essions ( prie/s &
 prophets4  ,proce$+ =w>d 9 ! p]usal (  
,isaiah 7*ap4 ix4 #f17 we f9d ! foll[+  
passage3--,unto u a *ild is born1 unto u
 a son is giv53 & ! gov]nm5t %all be ^u 
8 %\ld]4 ,if ! *ild =etold by ,isaiah 0 
born 9 8 "t1 x c no long] be said1 t !  
prophet meant to speak ( ,jesus1 :o 0   
born sev]al c5turies aft] him2 = ! bir? 
( t p]son be+ s di/ant1 c\ld n be a sign
 ( deliv]ance to ,ahaz1 z 8 enemies     
press$ s closely ^u him4 ,to ?is x is   
answ]$1 t ! prophets spoke ( future     
ev5ts z if !y 7 pa/ or pres5t2 b ?is    
answ] requires to be e/abli%$ by pro(4  
,x is likewise said1 t ! bir? (         
,isaiah's son 0 only a type ( t (       
,jesus2 = to him1 x is affirm$1 is      
applicable ! gov]nm5t on ! %\ld]1 9 :i* 
our doctors p]ceive di/9ctly po9t$ out !
 cross t ,jesus c>ri$ on 8 %\ld]s :5 go+
 to ,calv>y4 ,our int]pret]s h ?us !    
happ9ess ( see+ ! sign ( dom9ion1 or    
empire1 9 :at appe>s to eyes less       
enlight5$1 ! sign ( puni%m5t1 weakness1 

& slav]y4  ,x is prop] also to inquire  
:y x is said1 9 ! ,*ri/ian sy/em1 t x is
 n necess>y a prophecy h relation1 9 all
 its p>ts1 to ! subject or fact to :i* x
 is appli$4 ,! sacr$ writ]s d n mean to 
cite a :ole prophecy1 b only a passage1 
a deta*$ phrase1 or (t5 a s+le ^w1      
apposite to ! subject !y treat (1 )\t   
tr\bl+ !mselves :e!r :at prec$es1 or :at
 foll[s _! quotation has connexion or n 
) :at !y are speak+ (4 ,9 ! example "u  
discussion1 ,mat!w1 wi%+ to quote       
,isaiah & apply a prophecy to ,jesus1   
takes ( ?is prophecy ^! deta*$ words    
only1 ,a "y woman %all conceive1 c4--he 
/ood 9 ne$ ( no m ( x4 ,accord+ to t    
,evangeli/1 ,m>y _h conceiv$3--,isaiah  
_h said1 t a girl1 or woman1 %\ld       
conceive4 ,mat!w !re=e conclud$1 t !    
conception ( ,jesus 0 =etold by ,isaiah4
 ,?is vague connection is suffici5t =   
all ,*ri/ians1 :o1 l ,mat!w1 believe !y 
see _! f\nd] po9t$ out 9 prophecy4      
,foll[+ ?is /range me?od1 !y h ref]r$ to
 ,isaiah to prove t ,jesus 0 ! messiah  

promis$ to ! ,jews4 ,9 ! #ec;d *apt]1   
?is prophet describes 9 a v pa!tic mann]
 ! mis=tunes & suff]+s ( 8 bro!r        
,j]emiah4 ,! cl]gy h long labor$ to     
apply t prophecy to ,jesus3 !y h        
di/9ctly se5 him po9t$ out 9 ! man (    
sorr[s2 s t x is reg>d$ r z a fai?ful & 
circum/antial n>rative ( ! passion (    
,jesus1 ?an z a pr$iction4 ,b1 agreeably
 to s\nd criticism1 ?is hi/ory relates  
only to ,j]emiah4 ,n to deprive         
!mselves1 h[ev]1 ( ! res\rces s useful a
 passage might furni%1 !y h decid$1 t1 9
 ! case ( prophecies1 ! indirect        
relation %\ld h place4 ,by ?is means1 9 
admitt+ t ! n>rative ( ,isaiah _h       
,j]emiah = its object1 !y ma9ta9$ t     
,j]emiah 0 a figure or type ( ,jesus4 ,x
 is n t _! lives 7 /rictly cons5tane\s2 
b1 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion1 con=mity      
foll[$ by aff9ities1 is n absolutely    
requisite to ! ju/ice ( ! comp>ison4    
,?is mann] ( reason+1 peculi> to !      
,*ri/ian religion1 has be5 v conv5i5t = 
x4 ,paul especially1 l mo/ ( ! fir/     

prea*]s ( ,*ri/ianity1 & aft] !m ! fa!rs
 & doctors ( ! *ur*1 employ$ ?is curi\s 
me?od ( prov+ _! sy/em4 ,accord+ to !m1 
all "u ! anci5t law 0 ! image ( ! new2 &
 ! mo/ celebrat$ p]sonages 9 ! ,old     
,te/am5t1 typifi$ ,jesus & 8 *ur*4      
,abel1 assass9at$ by 8 bro!r1 0 a       
prophetic figure ( ,jesus put to dea? by
 ! ,jews4 ,! sacrifice ( ,isaac1 :i* 0 n
 accompli%$1 0 ! image ( t accompli%$ on
 ! cross4 ,! relations or pr$ictions :i*
 _h = _! object ,abraham1 ,isaac1       
,jacob1 ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 ,samuel1 ,david1
 ,solomon1 ,j]emiah1 ,zorobabel1 or o!r 
anci5t p]sonages1 7 appli$ to ,jesus4 ,8
 dea? 0 repres5t$ by ! blood ( he-goats 
& ( bulls4 ,by aid ( ^! allegories1 !   
books ( ! ,jews s]v$ only to ann\nce !  
ev5ts 9 ! life ( ,jesus1 & ! hi/ory ( ! 
e/abli%m5t ( 8 religion4 ,9 ?is mann] x 
is easy to f9d 9 ! scriptures :atev] we 
desire4  ,x w\ld be useless to          
inve/igate ! fam\s prophecy ( ! sev5ty  
weeks ( ,daniel1 9 :i* ! ,*ri/ian       
doctors believe !y see ! com+ ( ,jesus  

cle>ly ann\nc$4 ,x is true1 t if        
,daniel1 or 8 editors1 _h specifi$ !    
nature ( ^! weeks1 !y w\ld h prev5t$ mu*
 tr\ble to int]pret]s3 ?is pr$iction    
might !n h be5 a great res\rce to       
,*ri/ianity4 ,! able/ critics1 h[ev]1   
decl>e t !y are greatly emb>rass$ :5    
attempt+ to fix ! comm5cem5t & ! end (  
^! weeks4 ,on ?is !y are nev] unanim\s1 
nor c !y agree on a precise date1 :i*   
hi!rto is want+ to ! great ev5t ( ! com+
 ( ! messiah4 ,we "k ! ,jews made use ( 
weeks ( days1 weeks ( weeks1 & weeks (  
ye>s4 ,x is by a conjecture1 m]ely      
haz>d$1 !y advance 9 ! bible ( ,l\va91 t
 ! weeks m5tion$ 9 ,daniel are weeks (  
ye>s4 ,yet t supposition ?r[s light on  
no?+1 = ! *ronological table1 :i* !     
doctors ( ,l\va9 h publi%$1 gives only  
?ree hundr$ & =ty-?ree ye>s int]v5+     
betwe5 ! "t :5 !y make ! weeks to       
comm5ce & ! dea? ( ,jesus4 ,_m h believ$
 t ?is pr$iction 0 subsequ5tly add$ to !
 text ( ,daniel1 9 favor ( ,jona?an     
,maccabeus4 ,we may judge ( ! little    

cr$it t c be giv5 to ?is prophecy1 f !  
prodigi\s numb] ( comm5t>ies t h be5    
made on x4     ,,*apt] ,,ii4  ,,! ,,bir?
 ,,( ,,jesus   ,all ! prophecies conta9$
 9 ! sacr$ books ( ! ,jews1 co9cide 9   
mak+ !m hope = ! return ( ! favor ( !   
,almighty4 ,god _h promis$ !m a deliv]]1
 a mess5g]1 a messiah1 :o %\ld re/ore ! 
p[] ( ,israel4 ,t deliv]] 0 to be ( !   
se$ ( ,david1 ! pr9ce accord+ to ,god's 
own he>t2 s submissive to ! prie/s1 & s 
zeal\s = religion4 ,x 0 to recomp5se !  
devotion & docility ( ?is holy usurp]1 t
 ! prophets & ! prie/s1 load$ ) k9dness1
 promis$ him 9 ! "n ( heav51 t 8 family 
%\ld reign =ev]4 ,if t fam\s pr$iction 0
 beli$ dur+ ! ,babyloni% captivity1 & at
 subsequ5t p]iods1 ! ,jews1 at ?is "t no
 less cr$ul\s ?an _! ance/ors1 p]suad$  
!mselves t x 0 impossible = _! prophets 
& div9]s to deceive !m4 ,!y imag9$ t _! 
oracles soon] or lat] w\ld be           
accompli%$1 & t !y %\ld see a desc5dant 
( ,david re/ore ! honor ( _! nation4  ,x
 0 9 con=mity to ^! pr$ictions & popul> 

notions1 t ! writ]s ( ! ,gospels gave   
,jesus a g5ealogy2 by :i* !y pret5d$ to 
prove t he 0 desc5d$ 9 a direct l9e f   
,david1 & consequ5tly1 _h a "r to       
arrogate ! "* ( messiah4 ,nev]!less1    
criticism has exhau/$ itself on ?is     
g5ealogy4 ,su* z are n possess$ ( fai?1 
h be5 surpris$ to f9d1 t ! ,holy ,_s has
 dictat$ x diff]5tly to ! two evangeli/s
 :o h detail$ x3 =1 z has be5 frequ5tly 
rem>k$1 ! g5ealogy giv5 by ,mat!w is n !
 same ) t ( ,luke3 a disp>ity :i* has   
?r[n ,*ri/ian int]pret]s into           
emb>rassm5ts1 f :i* all _! subtilty has 
hi!rto be5 unable to rescue !m4 ,!y tell
 u1 t "o ( ^! g5ealogies is t ( ,joseph2
 b1 suppos+ ,joseph to be ( ! race (    
,david1 a ,*ri/ian _c believe t he 0 !  
real fa!r ( ,jesus1 because 8 religion  
enjo9s him to believe /eadfa/ly1 t he is
 ! ,son ( ,god4 ,suppos+ ! two          
g5ealogies to be ,m>y's1 9 t case !     
,holy ,_s has blund]$ 9 "o ( !m4 ,ev5   
,mat!w's acc\nt is contradictory (      
itself4 ,he says 7c4 i4 v4 #ag7 ,to all 

! g5]ations f ,abraham to ,david are    
f\rte5 g5]ations2 & f ,david until !    
c>ry+ away into ,babylon are f\rte5     
g5]ations2 & f ! c>ry+ away into        
,babylon unto ,*ri/ are f\rte5          
g5]ations4 ,on enum]at+ ! names giv5 9 !
 la/ division ( "t1 we f9d only twelve  
g5]ations1 ev5 includ+ ,joseph4 ,9      
:atev] way we consid] !m1 "o ( !        
g5ealogies w always appe> faulty &      
incomplete1 & ! extraction ( ,jesus v   
weakly e/abli%$4  ,let u n[ exam9e !    
occurr5ces :i* prec$$ & accompani$ !    
bir? ( ,jesus4 ,only "o evangeli/ has   
p>ticul>ly n>rat$ !m2 all ! o!rs h      
sup]ficially pass$ ov] circum/ances z   
m>vell\s z !y are important4 ,mat!w1    
cont5t ) 8 g5ealogy1 speaks b 9 few     
words ( ! pret]natural mann] :]e9 ,jesus
 0 =m$ 9 ! womb ( 8 "m4 ,! spee* ( an   
angel1 se5 9 a dream1 suffices to       
conv9ce ,joseph ( ! virtue ( 8 wife1 &  
he adopts h] *ild )\t hesitation4 ,m>k  
makes no m5tion ( ?is memorable incid5t4
 ,john1 :o1 by ! assi/ance ( 8 my/ic &  

,platonic !ology1 c\ld embelli% ! /ory1 
or r conf\nd x1 has n said "o ^w on !   
subject4 ,we are1 !re=e1 con/ra9$ to    
satisfy ourselves ) ! mat]ials ,luke has
 transmitt$ u4  ,accord+ to ?is         
evangeli/1 ,elizabe?1 k9swoman ( ,m>y1 &
 wife ( a prie/ nam$ ,za*>iah1 0 9 !    
six? mon? ( h] pregnancy1 :5 ! angel    
,gabriel 0 s5t f ,god unto a city call$ 
,naz>e?1 to a virg9 esp\s$ to a man ^:  
"n 0 ,joseph1 ( ! h\se ( ,david1 & !    
virg9's "n 0 ,m>y4 ,& ! angel came 9    
unto h]1 & said1 ,hail ?\ t art highly  
favor$1 ! ,"l is ) !e2 bless$ art ?\    
among wom54 ,& :5 %e saw him1 %e 0      
tr\bl$ at 8 say+1 & ca/ 9 h] m9d :at    
mann] ( salutation ?is %\ld be4 ,& !    
angel said unto h]1 ,fe> n1 ,m>y2 = ?\  
ha/ f\nd favor ) ,god4 ,& behold ?\ %alt
 conceive 9 ?y womb1 & br+ =? a son1 &  
%alt call 8 "n ,jesus4 ,!n said ,m>y to 
! angel1 ,h[ %all ?is be1 = ,i "k n a   
man8 ,& ! angel answ]$ & said unto h]1  
,! ,holy ,gho/ %all come ^u !e1 & ! p[] 
( ! ,highe/ %all ov]%ad[ !e2 !re=e1 also

 t holy ?+ :i* %all be born ( !e1 %all  
be call$ ! ,son ( ,god4 ,& ,m>y said1   
,behold ! h&maid ( ! ,"l2 be x unto me  
accord+ to ?y ^w4 ,!reaft] 7adds ! text7
 ! angel dep>t$ f h]4  ,n[ :at is !re 9 
all ?is t is any way m>vell\s8 ,no?+    
inde$ is m simple ?an ?is n>rative4 ,if 
! lea/ reflection is employ$ on x1 !    
wond]ful w vani%2 & we %all f9d !       
greate/ c>e has be5 tak5 to sp>e !      
mode/y ( ! "y p]sons :o might read !    
/ory4 ,an angel ent]$ ! h\se ( ,m>y1 ^: 
husb& 0 abs5t4 ,he salutes h]2 t is1    
pays h] a complim5t1 :i* may be         
translat$ z foll[s3--,good day1 my de>  
,m>y6 y are inde$ adorable--,:at        
attractions6 :at graces6 ( all wom51 y  
are ! mo/ lovely 9 my eyes4 ,y\r *>ms   
are pl$ges to y ( my s9c]ity4 ,cr[n !n  
my passion4 ,fe> n ! consequ5ces ( y\r  
complaisance2 y\r husb& is a simpleton2 
by visions & dreams we c make him       
believe :atev] we desire4 ,! good man w 
reg>d y\r pregnancy z ! effect ( a      
miracle ( ! ,mo/ ,high2 he w adopt y\r  

*ild ) joy1 & all w g on 9 ! be/ mann]  
possible4 ,m>y1 *>m$ ) ^! words1 &      
little accu/om$ to receive ! l          
complim5ts f h] husb&1 repli$1          
,well6--,i yield--,i rely on y\r ^w &   
address2 d ) me z y please4  ,no?+ is m 
easy ?an to sep>ate ! relation ( ,luke f
 ! m>vell\s4 ,! ev5t ( ,m>y's pregnancy 
foll[s 9 ! ord] ( nature2 & if we       
sub/itute a "y man 9 ! place ( ! angel1 
! passage ( ! evangeli/ w h no?+        
incr$ible 9 x4 ,9 fact1 _m h ?\ght t !  
angel ,gabriel 0 no o!r ?an a gallant1  
:o1 pr(it+ by ! abs5ce ( ,joseph1 f\nd !
 secret to decl>e & gratify 8 passion4  
,we %all n /op to =m conjectures on !   
true "n & /ation ( ,m>y's lov]4 ,!      
,jews1 ^: te/imony on ?is subject may   
appe> suspici\s1 ass]t1 z we %all       
aft]w>ds relate1 t ?is favorite lov] 0 a
 soldi]3--! milit>y h always claims on !
 he>ts ( ! ladies4 ,!y add1 t f 8       
comm]ce ) ! wife ( ,joseph1 ! messiah ( 
! ,*ri/ians sprung2 t ! discont5t$ husb&
 left 8 fai?less wife1 9 ord] to retire 

to ,babylon1 & t ,jesus ) 8 "m w5t to   
,egypt1 :]e he le>n$ ! trade ( a        
conjur]1 & aft]w>ds return$ to practise 
9 ,judea4  ,! proto-gospel1 ascrib$ to  
,james1 relates "s curi\s & ridicul\s   
circum/ances1 altoge!r omitt$ 9 ! f\r   
canonical evangeli/s2 yet !y h no?+     
revolt+ to p]sons :o possess fai?4 ,?is 
gospel in=ms u ( ! ill humor ( ,joseph  
on see+ 8 wife pregnant1 & ! reproa*es  
he load$ h] ) on acc\nt ( h] lewdness1  
unwor?y ( a virg9 re>$ "u ! eyes (      
prie/s4 ,m>y excuses h]self ) te>s2 %e  
prote/s h] innoc5ce1 & swe>s 9 ! "n ( ! 
liv+ ,god1 t %e is ignorant :5ce ! *ild 
has come to h]4 ,x appe>s1 t 9 h]       
di/ress %e _h =got ! adv5ture (         
,gabriel3--t angel came ! night foll[+  
to enc\rage poor ,joseph1 !n on ! po9t (
 hav+ an affair ) ! prie/s1 :o accus$   
him ( hav+ begot ?is *ild to ! prejudice
 ( ,m>y's v[ ( virg9ity4 ,on ?is !      
prie/s made ! two sp\ses dr9k ( ! wat]s 
( jeal\sy2 t is1 ( a potion1 :i*1 by a  
miracle1 did !m no injury2 ! high prie/1

 !re=e1 decl>$ !m innoc5t4 ,x is relat$ 
9 ! same gospel1 t aft] ,m>y _h be5     
deliv]$1 ,salome1 refus+ to cr$it !     
midwife :o assur$ h] t ! deliv]$ 0 /ill 
a virg91 laid h] h& on ,m>y 9 ord] to   
satisfy h]self ( ! fact4 ,imm$iately ?is
 ra% h& felt itself on fire2 b %e 0 cur$
 on tak+ ! little ,jesus 9 h] arms4     
,:e!r ^! hi/ories1 or ,rabb9ical        
n>ratives be true or false1 x is c]ta9 t
 ! n>rative ( ,luke1 if n dive/$ ( !    
m>vell\s1 w always pres5t difficulties  
to ! m9ds ( ! incr$ul\s4 ,!y w ask1 h[  
,god1 be+ a pure _s1 c\ld ov]%ad[ a     
woman1 & excite 9 h] ! movem5ts necess>y
 to ! production ( a *ild8 ,!y w ask1 h[
 ! div9e nature c\ld unite ) ! nature ( 
a woman8 ,!y w ma9ta91 t ! n>rative is  
unwor?y ( ! p[] & maje/y ( ! ,supreme   
,be+1 :o did n /& 9 ne$ ( employ+       
ridicul\s & indec5t in/rum5ts to op]ate 
! salvation ( mank9d4 ,x w be ?\ght1 t !
 ,almighty %\ld h employ$ o!r means =   
convey+ ,jesus into ! womb ( 8 "m2 he   
might h made him appe> on ! e>? )\t be+ 

inc>nate 9 ! belly ( a woman2 b !re mu/ 
be wond]s 9 romances1 especially if !y  
are religi\s4 ,x 0 9 all ages suppos$ t 
great m5 7 born 9 an extraord9>y mann]4 
,among ! ,hea!n1 ,m9]va sprung out ( !  
bra9 ( ,jupit]2 ,bac*us 0 pres]v$ 9 !   
?igh ( ! same god4 ,among ! ,*9ese1 !   
god ,fo 0 g5]at$ by a virg9 r5d]$       
prolific by a ray ( ! sun4 ,) ,*ri/ians1
 ,jesus is born ( a virg91 impregnat$ by
 ! op]ation ( ! ,holy ,_s1 & %e rema9s a
 virg9 aft] t op]ation6 ,incapable (    
elevat+ !mselves to ,god1 m5 h made him 
desc5d to _! own nature4 ,su* is ! orig9
 ( all inc>nations1 ! belief ( :i* is   
spread ?r\gh\t ! _w4  ,!ologi/s h       
agitat$ ! "q1 :e!r 9 ! conception (     
,jesus1 ! ,virg9 ,m>y emis]it sem58     
,accord+ to ,tillemont1 ! ,gno/ics1 :o  
liv$ 9 ! "t ( ! apo/les1 d5i$ t ! ,^w 0 
inc>nate 9 ! womb ( ! woman1 & av]r$ t x
 _h tak5 a body only 9 appe>ance--a     
circum/ance :i* mu/ de/roy ! miracle ( !
 resurrection4 ,basilides also ma9ta9s t
 ,jesus 0 n inc>nate4 ,lactantius1 9    

ord] to e/abli% t ! _s ( ,god c\ld      
impregnate a virg91 cites ! example ( ! 
,?racian ,m>es1 & o!r females1 r5d]$    
prolific by ! w9d4 ,no?+ is m indec5t & 
ridicul\s ?an ! !ological que/ions to   
:i* ! bir? ( ,jesus has giv5 rise4 ,"s  
doctors1 to pres]ve ,m>y's virg9ity1 h  
ma9ta9$1 t ,jesus did n come into ! _w1 
l o!r m51 ap]ta vulva1 b r p] vulvam    
clausam4 ,! celebrat$ ,john ,scotus     
reg>d$ t op9ion z v dang]\s1 z x w\ld   
foll[1 t ,jesus c\ld n be born ( !      
virg91 b m]ely _h come out ( h]4 ,a monk
 ( ,citeaux1 call$ ,ptolemy de ,luques1 
affirm$ t ,jesus 0 eng5d]$ ne> ! virg9's
 he>t1 f ?ree drops ( h] blood4 ,! great
 ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as has exam9$1 :e!r    
,jesus c\ld n h be5 an h]maphrodite8 &  
:e!r he c\ld n h be5 ( ! fem99e g5d]8   
,o!rs h agitat$ ! "q1 ,:e!r ,jesus c\ld 
h be5 inc>nate 9 a c[8 ,we may !re=e    
see1 h[ "o absurdity may eng5d] o!rs1 9 
! prolific m9ds ( !ologi/s4  ,all !     
wond]s :i* prec$e ! bir? ( ,jesus1 are  
t]m9at$ by a v natural occurr5ce4 ,at ! 

end ( n9e mon?s 8 "m is deliv]$ l o!r   
wom52 & aft] s _m incr$ible &           
sup]natural ev5ts1 ! ,son ( ,god comes  
into ! _w l all o!rs p's *ildr54 ,?is   
con=mity 9 bir?1 w ev] occasion !       
surmise ( a con=mity 9 ! physical causes
 :i* produc$ ! son ( ,m>y4 ,inde$1 !    
sup]natural only c produce !            
sup]natural2 f mat]ial ag5ts result     
physical effects2 & !y ma9ta9 9 !       
s*ools1 t !re mu/ always be a p>ity (   
nature betwe5 cause & effect4  ,?\gh1   
accord+ to ,*ri/ians1 ,jesus 0 at ! same
 "t man & god1 "s w say1 x 0 necess>y t 
! div9e g]m br\ght f heav5 to be        
deposit$ 9 ! womb ( ,m>y1 %\ld conta9 at
 ! same "t div9ity & humanity to become 
,son ( ,god4 ,to use ! language (       
!ologi/s1 ! hypo/atic union ( ! two     
natures mu/ h tak5 place be=e 8 bir?1 & 
immix$ 9 ! womb ( 8 "m4 ,9 t case1 we _c
 conceive h[ x c\ld happ51 t ! div9e    
nature %\ld cont9ue torpid dur+ ! :ole (
 ,m>y's pregnancy1 9 s mu* t %e h]self 0
 ignorant ( ! "t ( h] 9-ly+4 ,! pro( (  

?is we f9d 9 ,luke1 *ap4 ii4--,9 ^? days
 7says he7 !re w5t out a decree f ,caes>
 ,augu/us1 t all ! _w %\ld be tax$4 ,& z
 all w5t to be tax$1 e "o out ( 8 own   
city1 ,joseph also w5t out ( ,naz>e? &  
came to ,be?lehem1 to be tax$ ) ,m>y1 :o
 0 great ) *ild4 ,& s x 01 t :ile !y 7  
!re1 ! days 7 accompli%$ t %e %\ld be   
deliv]$1 & %e br\ght =? h] fir/ born    
son1 & wrapt him 9 swadl+ clo!s & laid  
him 9 a mang]1 because !re 0 no room =  
!m 9 ! inn4  ,?is n>rative proves t ,m>y
 0 tak5 unprovid$1 & t ! ,holy ,_s1 :o  
_h done s _m ?+s = h]1 _h neglect$ to   
w>n h] ( an ev5t s likely to int]e/ him1
 & s important to all mank9d4 ,!        
humanity ( ,jesus1 be+ subject to e     
casuality 9 our nature1 might h p]i%$ 9 
?is j\rney1 und]tak5 at a "t v critical 
to 8 "m4 ,nor d we und]/& h[ ! "m c\ld  
rema9 9 complete ignorance ( ! proximity
 ( h] "t1 or h[ ! ,et]nal c\ld s ab&on !
 preci\s *ild he _h deposit$ 9 h] womb4 
,"s o!r circum/ances ( ! relation (     
,luke pres5ts new difficulties4 ,he     

speaks ( a tax+ 7enum]ation7 by ord] (  
,caes> ,augu/us3--a fact ( :i* no m5tion
 is made by any hi/orian1 ,jewi% or     
pr(ane4 ,we are also a/oni%$ to f9d !   
son ( ,god born 9 pov]ty1 hav+ no o!r   
asylum ?an a /able1 & no o!r cradle ?an 
a mang]2 & at ! t5d]e/ age1 9 a rigor\s 
season1 expos$ to mis]ies )\t numb]4  ,x
 is true1 our !ologi/s h f\nd a way to  
answ] all ^! difficulties4 ,!y ma9ta91 t
 a j ,god wi%+ to appease himself1 de/9$
 8 innoc5t son to afflictions1 9 ord] to
 h a motive = p>don+ ! guilty human     
race1 :i* _h become hateful to him ?r\gh
 ,adam's transgression1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 8 
dec5dants _h no %>e4 ,by an act (       
ju/ice1 :]e( ! m9d ( man c =m no idea1 a
 ,god ^: ess5ce r5d]s him incapable (   
committ+ s91 is load$ ) ! iniquities (  
man1 & mu/ expiate !m 9 ord] to dis>m ! 
indignation ( a fa!r he has n (f5d$6    
,su* are ! inconceivable pr9ciples :i*  
s]ve = ! basis ( ! ,*ri/ian !ology4     
,our doctors add--,x 0 ! w ( ,god t !   
bir? ( 8 son %\ld be accompani$ ) ! same

 accid5ts z t ( o!r m51 to console !    
latt] = ! mis=tunes att5d5t on _!       
exi/5ce4 ,man1 say !y1 is guilty be=e he
 is born1 because all *ildr5 are b\nd to
 pay ! debts ( _! fa!rs3 ?us man suff]s 
ju/ly z a s9n] himself1 & z *>g$ ) ! s9 
( 8 fir/ fa!r4--,grant+ ?is1 :at m      
consolatory ?an see+ a ,god1 innoc5ce & 
hol9ess itself1 suff]+ 9 a /able all !  
evils atta*$ to indig5ce6 ,t consolation
 w\ld h be5 want+1 if ,god _h orda9$ t 8
 son %\ld be born 9 spl5dor1 & ) an     
abundance ( ! com=ts ( life4 ,if !      
innoc5t ,jesus _h n suff]$1 mank9d1     
incapable ( ext+ui%+ a debt contract$ by
 ,adam1 w\ld h be5 =ev] exclud$ f       
p>adise4 ,! pa9ful j\rney ,m>y 0 oblig$ 
to und]take 9 su* critical circum/ances1
 _h be5 =ese5 by ,et]nal wisdom1 :i* _h 
resolv$ t ,jesus %\ld be born at        
,be?lehem & n at ,naz>e?4 ,x 0          
necess>y--hav+ be5 =etold1 x behov$ to  
be accompli%$4  ,h[ev] solid ^! answ]s  
may appe> to ! fai?ful1 !y are n capable
 ( conv9c+ ! incr$ul\s1 :o exclaim aga9/

 ! inju/ice ( mak+ an innoc5t ,god      
suff]1 & load+ him ) ! iniquities ( !   
e>?4 ,nei!r c !y conceive by :at        
pr9ciple ( equity ! ,supreme ,be+ c\ld  
make ! human race responsible = a fault 
committ$ by _! fir/ p>5ts1 )\t _! k &   
p>ticipation4 ,f9ally1 !y cont5d t x    
w\ld h be5 wis] to h prev5t$ man f      
committ+ s91 ?an to p]mit him to s91 &  
make 8 own son die to expiate man's     
iniquity4  ,) respect to ! j\rney to    
,be?lehem1 we _c discov] ! necessity (  
x4 ,! place :]e ! savi\r ( ! _w 0 to be 
born1 seems a circum/ance p]fectly      
indiff]5t to ! salvation ( mank9d4  ,z =
 ! prophecy ann\nc+ ! glory ( ,be?lehem1
 9 hav+ giv5 exi/5ce to ! ,lead] (      
,israel--x does n appe> to agree )      
,jesus1 :o 0 born 9 a /able1 & :o 0     
reject$ by ! p ^: lead] he 0 to be4 ,x  
is only a pi\s /ra9+ t c make ?is       
pr$iction apply to ,jesus4 ,we are      
assur$1 t x _h be5 =etold ,jesus 0 to be
 born 9 pov]ty2 :ile1 on ! o!r h& !     
messiah ( ! ,jews is g5]ally ann\nc$ by 

! prophets z a pr9ce1 a h]o1 & a        
conqu]or4--,x is necess>y to "k !n :i* (
 ^! prophecies we ought to adopt4 ,our  
doctors tell u ! pr$ictions ann\nc+ t   
,jesus w\ld be born & live 9 indig5ce & 
meanness1 ought to be tak5 lit]ally1 &  
^? :i* ann\nce 8 p[] & glory ought to be
 tak5 allegorically4 ,b ?is solution w n
 satisfy ! incr$ul\s2 !y w affirm1 t by 
?is mann] ( explanation1 we may always  
f9d 9 ! sacr$ writ+s :atev] we may ?9k  
we /& 9 ne$ (4 ,!y w conclude t !       
scripture is to ,*ri/ians1 :at ! cl\ds  
are to ! man :o imag9es he p]ceives 9 !m
 :atev] figures he pleases4     ,,*apt] 
,,iii4  ,,adoration ,,( ,,! ,,magi ,,&  
,,%eph]ds--,,massacre ,,( ,,!           
,,innoc5ts2--,,& ,,o!r ,,circum/ances1  
,,:i* ,,foll[$ ,,! ,,bir? ,,( ,,jesus4  
,( ! f\r hi/orians ( ,jesus adopt$ by ! 
*ur*1 two are :olly sil5t on ! facts we 
are to relate 9 ?is *apt]2 & ,mat!w &   
,luke1 :o h record$ !m1 are n at all    
unanim\s 9 p>ticul>s4 ,s discordant are 
_! relations1 t ! able/ comm5tators d n 

"k h[ to reconcile !m4 ,^! diff]5ces1 x 
is true1 are less p]ceptible :5 !       
evangeli/s are read ! "o aft] ! o!r1 or 
)\t reflection2 b !y become p>ticul>ly  
/rik+ :5 we take ! tr\ble ( comp>+ !m4  
,?is is1 und\bt$ly1 ! reason :y we h    
hi!rto _h no concordance ( ! gospels :i*
 receiv$ ! g5]al approbation ( ! *ur*4  
,ev5 ^? :i* h be5 pr9t$ h n be5         
univ]sally adopt$1 ?\gh x mu/ be        
ackn[l$g$ t !y conta9 no?+ contr>y to   
fai?4 ,x is1 p]haps1 f judici\s policy t
 ! heads ( ! *ur* h n approv$ ( any     
sy/em on ?is po9t4 ,!y h1 probably1 felt
 ! impossibility ( reconcil+ n>ratives s
 discordant z ^? ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s2 = 
! ,holy ,_s1 d\btless ) a view to       
ex]cise ! fai? ( ! sa9ts1 has inspir$ !m
 v diff]5tly4 ,besides1 an able         
concordance ( ! gospels w\ld prove a    
dang]\s "w3--x w\ld br+ toge!r facts    
relat$ by au?ors1 :o1 f> f support+1    
w\ld reciprocally weak5 ea* o!r--a      
circum/ance :i* c\ld n fail to /agg] at 
lea/ ! fai? ( ! compil]4  ,mat!w1 :o1   

accord+ to common op9ion1 7?\gh a v     
errone\s "o17 wrote ! fir/ hi/ory (     
,jesus1 ass]ts1 t z soon z he 0 born1 & 
/ill 9 ! /able at ,be?lehem1 ,magi came 
f ! ,ea/ to ,j]usalem1 & inquir$ :]e !  
k+ ( ! ,jews 01 ^: /> !y _h obs]v$ 9 _! 
own c\ntry4 ,h]od1 :o !n reign$ 9       
,judea1 be+ in=m$ ( ! motive ( _!       
j\rney1 consult$ ! p ( ! law2 & hav+    
le>n$ t ! ,*ri/ 0 to be born at         
,be?lehem1 he p]mitt$ ! ,magi to g !re1 
recomm5d+ to !m to in=m !mselves ( ?is  
*ild1 t he himself might d him homage4  
7,matt4 ii4 #a47  ,x appe>s1 f !        
n>rative ( ,mat!w1 t z soon z ! ,magi   
left ,h]od1 !y took ! road to ,be?lehem1
 a place n f> f ,j]usalem4 ,x is        
surpris+ t ?is pr9ce1 al>m$ at ! arrival
 ( ! ,magi1 :o _h ?us ann\nc$ ! bir? ( a
 k+ ( ! ,jews1 did n use m precaution to
 allay 8 own uneas9ess1 & t ( ! capital1
 :i* ! gospel repres5ts z 9 a /ate (    
con/]nation at ?is gr& ev5t4 ,x w\ld h  
be5 v easy = him to h satisfi$ himself (
 ! fact )\t be+ "u ! necessity ( rely+  

on /rang]s1 :o did n execute 8          
commission4 ,! ,magi did n return2      
,joseph _h "t to save himself & 8 little
 family by flight2 & ,h]od rema9$       
tranquil 9 spite ( 8 suspicions & fe>s4 
,x 0 n till aft] a consid]able int]val t
 he got into a passion on f9d+ himself  
deceiv$2 & !n1 to pres]ve 8 cr[n 9      
safety1 he ord]$ a g5]al massacre ( !   
*ildr5 ( ,be?lehem & ! neighbor+        
villages6 ,b :y suppose su* conduct 9   
?is sov]eign8 ,he _h assembl$ ! doctors 
( ! law & pr9cipal m5 ( ! nation2 _!    
advice _h confirm$ ! rumor spread by !  
wise m52 !y said x 0 at ,be?lehem t     
,*ri/ 0 to be born1 & yet ,h]od did no?+
 = 8 own tranquility6 ,ei!r ,h]od _h    
fai? 9 ! prophecies ( ! ,jews1 or he _h 
n4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 & in/ead ( rely+ on  
/rang]s1 he ought himself to h gone )   
all 8 c\rt to ,be?lehem1 & paid homage  
to ! ,savi\r ( ! nation4 ,9 ! second    
case1 x is absurd to make ,h]od ord] a  
g5]al massacre ( infants1 on acc\nt ( a 
suspicion f\nd$ on a prophecy :i* he did

 n believe4  ,?is pr9ce's indignation is
 said n to h be5 r\s$ till aft] ! lapse 
( sev]al days1 & aft] he p]ceiv$ t !    
,magi d]id$ him1 & took ano!r road4 ,:y 
did he n le>n by ! same means ! flight (
 ,jesus1 ( ,joseph1 & ( 8 "m8 ,_!       
retreat mu/ c]ta9ly h be5 obs]v$ 9 a    
place s small z ,be?lehem4 ,x w p]haps  
be said1 t ,god on ?is occasion1 p]mitt$
 ,h]od to be bl9d$2 b ,god %\ld n h     
p]mitt$ ! inhabitants ( ,be?lehem & its 
environs to be s ob/9ate 9 pres]v+ a    
secret t 0 to co/ ! lives ( all _!      
*ildr54 ,possess$ ( ! p[] ( work+       
miracles1 c\ld n ,god h sav$ 8 son by m 
g5tle means ?an ! useless massacre ( a  
great numb] ( innoc5ts8--,on ! o!r h&1  
,h]od 0 n absolute ma/] 9 ,judea4 ,!    
,romans w\ld n h p]mitt$ him to ex]cise 
su* cruelties2 & ! ,jewi% nation1       
p]suad$ ( ! bir? ( ! ,*ri/1 w\ld n h be5
 access>y to !m4 ,a k+ ( ,engl&1 m      
absolute ?an a petty sov]eign ( ,judea1 
dep5d5t on ! ,romans1 w\ld n be obey$1 7
 he to ord] 8 gu>ds to g & cut ! ?roats 

( all ! *ildr5 9 a neighbor+ village1   
because ?ree /rang]s1 9 pass+ ?r\gh     
,london1 _h said to him1 t among !      
infants born 9 t village !re 0 "o1 :o1  
accord+ to ! rules ( a/rology1 0 de/9$  
to be "o day k+ ( ,great ,brita94 ,at ! 
"t :5 a/rology 0 9 vogue1 !y w\ld h     
cont5t$ !mselves ) caus+ se>* to be made
 = ! suspect$ infant2 !y w\ld h kept x 9
 solit>y conf9em5t1 or p]haps put x to  
dea?2 b )\t compreh5d+ o!r innoc5t      
*ildr5 9 its proscription4  ,we might   
oppose to ! relation ( ,mat!w ! sil5ce (
 ! o!r evangeli/s1 & especially t ( !   
hi/orian ,josephus1 :o1 hav+ reasons to 
hate ,h]od1 w\ld n h fail$ to relate a  
fact s likely to r5d] him odi\s z !     
massacre ( ! innoc5ts4 ,philo is        
likewise sil5t on ! subject2 & no reason
 c be assign$ :y ^! two celebrat$       
hi/orians %\ld h agre$ 9 conceal+ a     
circum/ance s horrible4 ,we _c suppose x
 has proce$$ f hatr$ to ! ,*ri/ian      
religion2 = t deta*$ fact w\ld prove    
nei!r = or aga9/ x4 ,we are1 !re=e1     

w>rant$ to conclude t ?is massacre is a 
fable2 & t ,mat!w seems to h inv5t$ x   
m]ely to h ! opportunity ( apply+ z     
anci5t prophecy1 :i* 0 8 pr$om9ant ta/e4
 ,b 9 ?is in/ance he has deceiv$        
himself4 ,! prophecy :i* he appli$ to ! 
massacre ( ! innoc5ts1 is tak5 f        
,j]emiah1 7xxxi4 v4 #ae & #af47 ,all !  
,jews und]/ood x z relat+ to !          
,babyloni% captivity4 ,x is z foll[s3   
,?us sai? ! ,"l2 a voice 0 he>d 9       
,ramah1 lam5tation & bitt] weep+3 ,ra*el
 weep+ = h] *ildr5 refus$ to be com=t$  
because !y 7 n4 ,! foll[+ v]se is s     
pla91 t x is inconceivable :y ,mat!w    
v5tur$ to apply x to ! pret5d$ massacre 
at ,be?lehem3 ,?us sai? ! ,"l1 refra9 ?y
 voice f weep+1 & ?9e eyes f te>s2 = ?y 
"w %all be rew>d$1 sai? ! ,"l1 & ?y     
*ildr5 %all come aga9 f ! l& ( ! enemy4 
,_! return f ! captivity is "h cle>ly   
po9t$ out1 :5 ! ,israelites %\ld aga9   
plant v9es aft] obta9+ possession ( _!  
own c\ntry4  ,x is also to accompli% a  
prophecy1 t ,mat!w makes ,jesus travel  

into ,egypt4 ,?is j\rney1 or r ,jesus'  
return1 _h1 accord+ to him1 be5 pr$ict$ 
by ,hosea 9 ^! words3 ,out ( ,egypt h ,i
 call$ my son4 ,b x is evid5t1 t ?is    
passage is to be consid]$ only z relat+ 
to ! deliv]ance ( ! ,israelites f       
bondage1 ?r\gh ! m9i/ry ( ,moses4       
,besides1 ! j\rney & abode ( ,jesus 9   
,egypt1 d n agree ) "s circum/ances :i* 
happ5$ 9 8 infancy1 z relat$ by ,luke1  
:o in=ms u1 t at ! end ( eight days     
,jesus 0 circumcis$4 ,! "t ( ,m>y's     
purification be+ accompli%$ accord+ to !
 law ( ,moses1 ,joseph & 8 "m c>ri$     
,jesus to ,j]usalem1 to pres5t him to ! 
,"l agreeably to ! law1 :i* orda9$ !    
consecrat+ ! fir/ born 7fir/ fruits71 & 
(f]+ a sacrifice = !m4 ,on ?is occasion1
 ,luke tells u t ,simeon took ! infant 9
 8 arms1 & decl>$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ^?      
assi/+ at ! c]emony1 t ! *ild 0 !       
,savi\r ( ,israel4 ,an old prophetess1  
call$ ,anna1 bore ! same te/imony1 &    
spoke ( him to all :o look$ = !         
r$emption ( ! ,jews4 ,b :y 7 spee*es1   

?us publicly made 9 ! temple (          
,j]usalem1 9 :i* city ,h]od resid$1     
unkn[n to a pr9ce s suspici\s8 ,!y 7 mu*
 bett] calculat$ to excite 8 uneas9ess1 
& awak5 8 jeal\sy ?an ! arrival (       
a/rolog]s f ! ,ea/4  ,did ,joseph &     
,m>y1 :o came to ,j]usalem = !          
pres5tation ( ,jesus1 & purification ( 8
 "m1 return to ,be?lehem8 & w5t !y !nce 
into ,egypt 9 place ( go+ to ,naz>e?8   
,luke says1 t :5 !y _h p]=m$ all ?+s    
accord+ to ! law ( ! ,"l1 !y return$    
into ,galilee1 to _! own city ,naz>e?4  
,b 9 :at "t did ! p>5ts ( ,jesus        
accompli% all t ! law orda9$8 ,0 x be=e 
go+ into ,egypt1 or aft] _! return f t  
c\ntry1 :]e1 accord+ to ,mat!w1 !y _h   
tak5 refuge to %elt] !mselves f !       
cruelty ( ,h]od8 ,did ! purification ( !
 virg91 & ! pres5tation ( h] son 9 !    
temple1 take place be=e or aft] ! dea? (
 t wick$ pr9ce8 ,accord+ to ,leviticus1 
! purification ( a "m :o _h br\ght a son
 into ! _w1 0 to be made at ! end (     
?irty days4 ,h5ce we see h[ v difficult 

x is to reconcile ! flight into ,egypt1 
& ! massacre ( ! innoc5ts1 :i* ,mat!w   
relates1 ) ! n>rative ( ,luke1 :o says1 
t1 aft] hav+ p]=m$ ! ord9ances ( ! law1 
,joseph & ,m>y return$ into ,galilee1 to
 _! own city ,naz>e?2 & !n adds1 !y w5t 
to ,j]usalem e ye> to celebrate !       
passov]4 ,if we c\ld adopt ! relation ( 
! two evangeli/s1 at :at "t are we to   
place ! com+ ( ! ,magi f ! ,ea/ 9 ord]  
to adore ,jesus2 ! ang] ( ,h]od2 !      
flight into ,egypt2 & ! massacre ( !    
innoc5ts8 ,ei!r ! relation ( ,luke is   
defective1 or ,mat!w wi%$ to deceive 8  
read]s ) improbable tales4 ,9 :atev] way
 we consid] ! matt]1 ! ,holy ,_s1 :o    
inspir$ ^! apo/les1 w be f\nd to h      
committ$ a mi/ake4  ,!re is ano!r fact  
on :i* our two evangeli/s d n bett]     
agree4 ,mat!w1 z we h se51 makes ! ,magi
 come1 guid$ by a />1 to ,be?lehem1 f ! 
extremity ( ! ,ea/1 to adore ! *ild     
,jesus1 & (f] him pres5ts4 ,luke1 less  
tak5 ) ! m>vell\s1 makes ?is *ild ador$ 
by simple %eph]ds1 :o wat*$ _! flocks   

dur+ night1 & to :om an angel ann\nc$ ! 
great ev5t ( ! bir? ( ! ,savi\r (       
,israel4 ,! latt] evangeli/ speaks nei!r
 ( ! appe>ance ( ! />1 ( ! com+ ( !     
,magi1 nor ( ! cruelty (                
,h]od--circum/ances1 h[ev]1 :i* ought to
 h be5 record$ by ,luke1 :o in=ms u t he
 0 s exactly in=m$ ( e ?+ conc]n+       
,jesus4  ,! p>5ts ( ,jesus1 ei!r aft] _!
 return f ,egypt1 or aft] 8 pres5tation 
9 ! temple1 w5t to reside at ,naz>e?4   
,mat!w1 z usual1 p]ceives 9 ?is !       
accompli%m5t ( ! pr$iction1 he %all be  
call$ a ,naz>5e2 b un=tunately = 8      
purpose1 ?is prophecy is n to be f\nd 9 
! ,bible1 nor c x be imag9$ by :om x 0  
utt]$4 ,x is h[ev] c]ta91 t ,naz>5e     
among ! ,jews signifi$ a vagabond1 a    
p]son exclud$ f ! re/ ( ! _w2 t ,naz>e? 
0 a pitiful t[n1 inhabit$ by be+s s     
wret*$ t _! pov]ty _h become prov]bial2 
& t begg>s1 vagrants1 & p :om nobody    
w\ld own1 7 call$ ,naz>5es4  ,! fir/    
,*ri/ians 7 s /yl$4 ,we f9d !m also     
call$ ,ebionites1 d]iv$ f a ,hebrew ^w  

:i* signifies a m5dicant1 a wret*1 & a  
paup]4 ,/4 ,francis & ,/4 ,dom9ic1 :o1 9
 ! #ac? c5tury1 propos$ to revive       
primitive ,*ri/ianity1 f\nd$ ord]s (    
m5dicant monks1 de/9$ to live solely on 
alms1 to be true ,naz>5es1 & to levy    
contributions on ! community1 :i* ^!    
vagabonds h nev] ceas$ to oppress4      
,salm]on1 9 ord] to enc\rage ^! m5dicant
 monks1 has ma9ta9$ t ,jesus himself 0 a
 begg>4 ,! "n ,naz>5e 0 giv5 to !       
apo/les & ,jews1 :o 7 fir/ conv]t$4 ,!  
o!r ,jews reg>d$ !m z h]etics &         
excommunicat$ p]sons2 &1 accord+ to     
,j]ome1 ana!matis$ !m 9 all _!          
synagogues "u ! "n ( ,naz>5es4 ,! ,jews 
ev5 at pres5t give ! "n ( ,naz>5es      
7,noz]im7 to ! ,*ri/ians :om ! ,arabs & 
,p]sians call ,naz>i4 ,! fir/ conv]ts ( 
,jesus & 8 apo/les1 7 only "s re=m$     
,jews3 !y pres]v$ circumcision & o!r    
usages appo9t$ by ! law ( ,moses4 ,9 ?is
 !y foll[$ ! example ( ,jesus1 :o be+   
circumcis$1 & a ,jew dur+ 8 :ole life1  
_h (t5 taught1 t x 0 necess>y to respect

 & obs]ve ! law4 ,x is1 !re=e1 surpris+ 
to see !m aft]w>ds treat$ z h]etics4 ,b 
we %all 79 *ap4 #ag7 see ! true cause ( 
?is *ange4 ,x 0 ow+ to ,paul1 ^: p>ty   
prevail$ ov] ,pet]'s1 ! o!r apo/les'1 & 
! ,naz>5es or ,judais+ ,*ri/ians4 ,paul 
correct$ & re=m$ ! sy/em ( ,jesus1 :o _h
 prea*$ only a ,judaism re=m$4 ,! apo/le
 ( ! ,g5tiles succe$$ 9 mak+ 8 ma/]1 & 8
 old comrades1 be rew>d$ z h]etics1 or  
bad ,*ri/ians4 ,?us x is t !ologi/s take
 ! lib]ty ( rectify+ ! religion ( !     
,savi\r !y adore6  ,we h se51 9 ! c\rse 
( ?is *apt]1 h[ little h>mony exi/s     
betwe5 ! two evangeli/s respect+ !      
circum/ances att5d+ ! bir? ( ,jesus4    
,let u n[ exam9e :at c\ld h be5 ! views 
( ^! two writ]s 9 relat+ ^! facts s     
diff]5tly4 ,x is impossible t ,jesus1 z 
,luke relates1 c\ld con/antly reside at 
,naz>e? till he 0 twelve ye>s ( age if x
 be true t he 0 c>ri$ soon aft] 8 bir?  
into ,egypt1 :]e ,mat!w makes him rema9 
until ! dea? ( ,h]od4 ,ev5 9 ! "t t     
,jesus liv$1 he 0 upbraid$ ) 8 /ay 9    

,egypt4 ,8 enemies ass]t$ t he !re le>n$
 magic1 to :i* !y attribut$ ! wond]s1 or
 cunn+ tricks1 !y saw him p]=m4 ,luke is
 sil5t z to ! j\rney to ,egypt1 :i* made
 8 h]o suspect$4 ,he fixes him1 !re=e1  
at ,naz>e?1 & makes him g e ye> ) 8     
p>5ts to ,j]usalem4 ,b ! precaution ( t 
evangeli/ seems to h be5 useless4       
,mat!w1 :o wrote be=e him1 _h e/abli%$ !
 j\rney & abode ( ,jesus 9 ,egypt4      
,orig51 9 8 dispute ) ,celsus1 does n   
d5y x4 ,h5ce we see1 t ! ,*ri/ian       
doctors did n d\bt t ,jesus _h be5 9 t  
c\ntry1 not)/&+ ! sil5ce ( ,luke4 ,let u
 endeavor !n to develope ! motives ( ^! 
two writ]s4  ,! ,jews 7 agre$ 9 !       
expectation ( a messiah2 b z ! diff]5t  
ord]s ( ! /ate _h _! prophets1 !y also  
possess$ diff]5t signs by :i* !y 7 to "k
 ! deliv]]4 ,! great1 ! ri*1 & well     
in=m$ p]sons1 did n surely expect t !   
deliv]] ( ,israel w\ld be born 9 a      
/able1 & spr+ f ! dregs ( ! p4 ,!y1     
und\bt$ly1 anticipat$ _! deliv]ance by a
 pr9ce1 a w>rior1 a man ( p[]1 able to  

make himself respect$ by ! nations      
inimical to ,judea1 & to break 9 pieces 
_! *a9s4 ,! poor1 on ! contr>y1 :o1 z   
well z ! great & ! ri*1 h _! portion (  
self-love1 ?\ght !y might flatt]        
!mselves t ! messiah w\ld be born 9 _!  
class4 ,_! nation & _! neighbors pres5t$
 _m examples ( great m5 sprung f ! bosom
 ( pov]ty2 & ! oracles ) :i* ?is nation 
0 f$1 7 ( su* a nature t e family       
believ$ itself entitl$ to aspire to !   
honor ( giv+ bir? to a messiah2 ?\gh !  
mo/ g5]al op9ion 01 t he 0 to come ( !  
race ( ,david4 ,%eph]ds1 & p ( ! l[e/   
ord] might readily believe t a woman1   
deliv]$ 9 a /able at ,be?lehem1 _h      
br\ght ,jesus into ! _w4 ,x may likewise
 be presum$ t ,m>y1 ) a view to r5d]    
h]self int]e/+1 said to ^? :o visit$ h] 
t %e 0 desc5d$ f ! blood ( k+s2 a       
pret5sion well adapt$ to excite !       
commis]ation & wond]m5t ( ! p4 ,?is     
secret1 & ! confus$ remembrance ( "s    
prophecies ab\t ,be?lehem1 ! native     
c\ntry ( ,david1 7 suffici5t to op]ate  

on ! imag9ations ( ^! silly p1 little   
scrupul\s ab\t pro(s ( :at 0 told !m4   
,mat!w1 :o reckon$ on ! cr$ulity ( 8    
read]s1 _h 8 head full ( prophecies &   
popul> notions4 ,to fill up a blank (   
?irty ye>s 9 8 hi/ory ( ,jesus1 he      
contriv$ to make him travel into ,egypt1
 )\t =esee+ ! objections t might be made
 on acc\nt ( ! neglect ( ! holy family  
to fulfil ! ord9ances ( ! law2 su* z !  
circumcision ( ! *ild1 8 pres5tation 9 !
 temple1 ! purification ( 8 "m1 & !     
celebration ( ! passov]2 c]emonies :i*  
only c\ld be p]=m$ at ,j]usalem4 ,p]haps
 x is to ju/ify ! j\rney to ,egypt1 & ^?
 neglig5ces1 t ,mat!w introduces !      
prophecy ( ,hosea relative to ! return f
 t place4 ,x seems also to c\nt5ance !  
duration ( ,jesus's abode !re t he      
relates ! wra? ( ,h]od1 & ! fable ( !   
massacre ( ! innoc5ts1 :i* he makes t   
pr9ce ord]1 ?\gh 8 crimes _h1 9 o!r     
respects1 r5d]$ him suffici5tly odi\s to
 ! ,jews z well z to /rang]s4 ,mank9d 9 
g5]al are dispos$ to believe e ?+ ( a   

man :o has become fam\s by 8 wick$ness4 
,luke1 to elude ! reproa*es :i* might be
 ?r[n on ,jesus on acc\nt ( 8 resid5ce &
 j\rney 9 ,egypt1 has n m5tion$ x at    
all2 b 8 sil5ce does n de/roy its       
reality4 ,x 0 necess>y to free ,jesus f 
! suspicion ( magic1 b he has n cle>$   
him ( accusations br\ght aga9/ 8 bir?1  
:i* are q z weighty4  ,celsus1 a        
celebrat$ physician1 :o liv$ 9 ! second 
c5tury ( ,*ri/ianity1 & :o _h c>efully  
collect$ all :i* _h be5 publi%$ aga9/   
,jesus1 ass]ts t he 0 ! fruit ( an      
illicit int]c\rse4 ,orig51 9 8 works    
aga9/ ,celsus1 has pres]v$ ?is          
accusation1 b he has n transmitt$ !     
pro(s on :i* x 0 f\nd$4 ,! incr$ul\s1   
h[ev]1 h endeav\r$ to supply !m1 & f\nd 
! op9ion ( ,celsus on :at foll[s3       
,fir/4 ,f ! te/imony ( ,mat!w himself1 x
 is mo/ c]ta9 t ,joseph 0 v mu*         
dissatisfi$ ) ! pregnancy ( 8 wife1 9   
:i* he _h no "p4 ,he =m$ ! design (     
quitt+ h] secretly2 a resolution f :i*  
he 0 div]t$ by an angel1 or dream1 or   

p]haps reflection1 :i* always passes    
among ,jews = ! effect ( an inspiration 
f on high4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 t ?is      
design ( ,joseph _h transpir$1 & 0      
aft]w>ds turn$ into a matt] ( reproa*   
aga9/ ,jesus4 ,b ,luke1 m prud5t ?an    
,mat!w1 has n v5tur$ to m5tion ei!r !   
ill humor ( ,joseph1 or ! good-natur$   
conduct he foll[$4 ,nei!r d we f9d1 ?\gh
 he =m$ ?is resolution z to ,m>y1 t ?is 
easy man aga9 appe>$ on ! /age f ! "t   
,jesus ent]$ on x4 ,we are no :]e in=m$ 
( 8 dea?1 & x is obvi\s t he nev]       
aft]w>ds beheld 8 putative son ) an eye 
( k9dness4--,:51 at ?irty ye>s ( age1   
,jesus & 8 "m w5t to ! w$d+ at ,cana1   
!re is no m5tion ( ,joseph4 ,if we admit
 ) ,luke1 ! hi/ory ( ,jesus's dispute ) 
! doctors 9 ! temple ( ,j]usalem1 we    
%all f9d a new pro( ( ! indiff]5ce :i*  
subsi/$ betwe5 ! pret5d$ fa!r & suppos$ 
son3 !y met at ! end ( ?ree days1 &     
deign$ n to int]*ange a ^w4 ,epiphanius 
7lib4 i4 #aj47 assures u t ,joseph 0 v  
old at ! "t ( 8 m>riage ) ! virg91 &    

adds t he 0 a wid[] & fa!r ( six *ildr5 
by 8 fir/ wife4--,accord+ to !          
proto-gospel1 ! good man _h mu*         
difficulty 9 prevail+ on himself to     
esp\se ,m>y1 ^: age intimidat$ him2 b ! 
high-prie/1 f9d+ t ,joseph 0 ! man mo/  
con=mable to 8 own views1 succe$$ 9     
remov+ 8 scruples4  ,secondly4 ,if to ^!
 presumptions are jo9$ te/imonies m     
positive1 & a high antiquity1 :i*       
confirm ! suspicions ent]ta9$ conc]n+ ! 
bir? ( ,jesus1 we %all obta9 pro(s t mu/
 conv9ce e unprejudic$ p]son4 ,! ,emp]or
 ,julian1 z well z ,celsus1 :o bo? _h   
c>efully exam9$ all ! writ+s exi/+ 9 _! 
"t = & aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian religion & its  
au?or1 repres5t ! "m ( ,jesus 9 a v     
unfavorable light4  ,9 ! works ( !      
,jews1 he is treat$ z an illegitimate   
*ild2 &1 almo/ 9 our days1 ,helvidius1 a
 le>n$ ,prote/ant critic1 z well z      
sev]al o!rs1 h ma9ta9$1 n only t ,jesus 
0 ! fruit ( a crim9al int]c\rse1 b also 
t ,m>y1 repudiat$ by ,joseph1 _h o!r    
*ildr5 by diff]5t husb&s4 ,besides1 ?is 

suppos$ virg9 did n want a reason =     
=sak+ ,joseph1 & fly+ into ,egypt ) h]  
son4 ,a prevail+ tradition among ! ,jews
 /ates1 t %e made ?is j\rney to %elt]   
h]self f ! pursuits ( h] sp\se1 :o1 9   
spite ( ! nocturnal visions :i* _h be5  
employ$ to pacify him1 might h deliv]$  
h] up to ! rigor ( ! laws4 ,we "k t !   
,hebrews did n und]/& je/+ on ?is       
subject4  ,we also f9d 9 ! ,talmud1 ! "n
 ( ,pan!r1 surnam$ ,b>-,pan!r1 :om !y   
reckon 9 ! numb] ( ! husb&s ( ! ,virg94 
,f ?is x w\ld appe>1 t ,m>y1 repudiat$  
by ,joseph1 or aft] h] flight1 esp\s$   
,pan!r1 an ,egyptian soldi]1 h] favorite
 lov]1 & ! real fa!r ( ,jesus4 ,john    
,damasc5e ?\ght to repair ! injury :i*  
?is anecdote might d to ,m>y's          
reputation1 by say+ t ! "n ( ,b>-,pan!r 
0 h]$it>y 9 ! family ( ,m>y1 &          
consequ5tly 9 t ( ,joseph4 ,b1 #a/1 ei!r
 ,m>y 0 n ! k9swoman ( ,joseph1 or %e 0 
n ! c\s9 ( ,elizabe?1 :o 0 m>ri$ to a   
prie/1 & !re=e ( ! tribe (              
,levi4--#b;dly1 we no :]e f9d 9 ! ,bible

 ! "n ( ,pan!r among ! desc5dants (     
,david4 ,if ?is _h be5 an h]$it>y       
surname 9 t family1 x w\ld be f\nd      
some:]e1 unless we suppose t ,john      
,damasc5e le>n$ x by a p>ticul>         
revelation4 #c;dly1 ,! "n ( ,pan!r is by
 no means ,hebrew4  ,x w p]haps be said1
 t ^! rum\rs1 s injuri\s to ,jesus & 8  
"m1 are calumnies inv5t$ by ! enemies ( 
! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,b :y decide if !  
pleas ( bo? p>ties are n inve/igat$8 ,! 
imputations are v anci5t2 !y h be5      
advanc$ aga9/ ,*ri/ianity ev] s9ce its  
orig91 & !y h nev] be5 satisfactorily   
refut$4 ,9 ! "t ( ,jesus1 we f9d t 8    
cotempor>ies reg>d$ 8 wond]s z ! effects
 ( magic1 ! delusions ( ! devil1 !      
consequ5ces ( ! p[] ( ,belzebub4--,!    
relations ( ,jesus 7 also ( t op9ion1 & 
reg>d$ him z an impo/]--a circum/ance   
/at$ 9 ! gospel itself1 :]e we %all     
aft]w>ds f9d t !y want$ to arre/ him4   
,on ! o!r h&1 ,jesus nev] speaks ( 8    
infancy1 nor ( ! "t t _h prec$$ 8       
prea*+3--he did n wi% to recur to       

circum/ances di%onorable to 8 "m1 t[>ds 
:om1 inde$1 we %all v soon f9d him fail+
 9 filial respect4  ,! evangeli/s1 9 l  
mann]1 pass v slightly ov] ! fir/ ye>s (
 _! h]o's life4 ,mat!w makes him return 
f ,egypt on ! dea? ( ,h]od1 )\t m5tion+ 
9 :at ye> t happ5$4 ,he ?us leaves 8    
comm5tators 9 d\bt :e!r ,jesus 0 !n two 
or t5 ye>s old4 ,we f9d t ! t]m ( t5    
ye>s is1 ?r\gh complaisance1 inv5t$ on  
acc\nt ( ! dispute betwe5 him & !       
doctors ( ,j]usalem1 :i* ,luke places 9 
8 twelf? ye>4 ,?is except$1 ,jesus      
disappe>$ f ! sc5e n to %ew himself aga9
 till ?irty ye>s ( age4  ,x is difficult
 to discov] :at he did until t age4 ,if 
we cr$it ,luke1 he rema9$ at ,naz>e?4   
,yet x is cle> t he 0 some:]e else1 = ! 
purpose ( le>n+ ! "p :i* he 0 aft]w>ds  
to play4 ,x has be5 suppos$1 n )\t      
reason1 t ,jesus pass$ a consid]able "p 
( 8 life among ! contemplative          
,ess5ians1 or ,!rapeutes1 :o 7 a k9d (  
en?usia/ic ,jewi% monks1 liv+ 9 !       
vic9ity ( ,alex&ria1 9 ,egypt1 :]e x    

appe>s he drew up 8 sev]e & mona/ic     
doctr9e4 ,if he _h always resid$ at     
,naz>e?1 ! inhabitants ( t small t[n    
w\ld h kn[n him p]fectly4 ,v f> f       
?is2--!y 7 surpris$ at see+ him :5 ?irty
 ye>s ( age4 ,!y only conjectur$ t !y   
knew him2 & ask$ ea* o!r1 ,is n ?is !   
son ( ,joseph8--a "q v ridicul\s 9 !    
m\?s ( p]sons :o mu/ h be5 9 ! con/ant  
habit ( see+ ,jesus 9 ! n>r[ compass (  
_! t[n4 ,?is does n prev5t ,ju/9 f tell+
 u1 t he became a c>p5t] 9 ! work%op ( 8
 pret5d$ fa!r1 & t he wr\ght at build+s 
or in/rum5ts ( husb&ry4 ,b su* a        
pr(ession c\ld n long agree ) a man 9   
:om we f9d an ambiti\s & re/less m9d4 ,!
 ,gospel ( ! ,infancy in=ms u1 t ,jesus1
 :5 "y1 amus$ himself ) =m+ small birds 
( clay1 :i* he aft]w>ds animat$1 & !n !y
 flew into ! air4 ,! same book says1 t  
he knew m ?an 8 s*oolma/]1 :om he kill$ 
= hav+ /ruck him1 because ,jesus refus$ 
to read ! lett]s ( ! alphabet4 ,we f9d  
also1 t ,jesus assi/$ ,joseph 9 8       
labors1 & by a miracle l5g!n$ ! pieces (

 wood1 :5 cut too %ort or too n>r[4 ,all
 ^! extravagancies are n m difficult to 
believe ?an _m o!r wond]s relat$ 9 !    
ackn[l$g$ gospels4  ,we %all "h quit    
,luke 9 ord] to foll[ ,mat!w1 :o places 
! baptism ( ,john aft] ! return f       
,egypt1 & makes ,jesus =?) comm5ce 8    
mission4 ,x is at ?is epo*1 p]haps1 t we
 ought to beg9 ! life ( ,jesus4--,yet1  
to let no?+ be lo/ to ! read] ( !       
evangelical memoirs1 we ?\ght x our duty
 n to pass ov] 9 sil5ce ! circum/ances  
:i* h be5 notic$1 z ^! prelim9>ies are  
calculat$ to ?r[ mu* light on ! p]son & 
actions ( ,jesus4 ,besides1 ! int]val   
betwe5 8 bir? & prea*+ has n be5 ! "p ( 
8 hi/ory lea/ expos$ to ! d>ts (        
criticism4 ,mat!w1 z we h se51 to acc\nt
 = 8 ma/]'s abs5ce dur+ ! ?irty ye>s1   
makes him g into ,egypt1 & return 9 an  
unlimit$ "t4 ,luke1 :o dige/$ 8 memoirs 
aft] ,mat!w1 p]ceiv+ t ! abode 9 ,egypt 
ca/ a suspicion ( magic on ! miracles ( 
,jesus1 makes him rema9 9 ,galilee1 go+ 
& com+ e ye> to ,j]usalem2 & mak+ him   

appe>1 at ! age ( twelve1 9 ! capital1 9
 ! mid/ ( ! doctors1 & debat+ ) !m4 ,b  
,m>k & ,john1 pr(it+ by ! criticism :i* 
^! diff]5t arrangem5ts _h exp]i5c$1 make
 ! messiah drop z x 7 f ! cl\ds1 & put  
him in/antly to labor at ! great "w (   
man's salvation4  ,x is ?us t1 on comb9+
 & comp>+ ! sev]al relations1 we are    
enabl$ to discov] ! true sy/em ( !      
,gospels1 9 :i*1 )\t adopt+ any         
alt]ations1 we %all f9d mat]ials =      
compos+ ! life ( ,jesus by m]ely r$uc+ !
 m>vell\s to its prop] value4           
,,*apt] ,,iv4  ,,baptism ,,(            
,,jesus--,,8 ,,abode ,,9 ,,!            
,,des]t--,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,8 ,,prea*+  
,,& ,,miracles--,,m>riage ,,at ,,cana4  
,f ! "t ! ,romans subdu$ ,judea1 !      
sup]/iti\s inhabitants ( t c\ntry1      
impati5t to see ! arrival ( ! messiah s 
(t5 promis$ to _! fa!rs1 seem$ incl9$ to
 quick5 ! sl[ness ( ! ,et]nal by ! ardor
 ( _! desires4 ,?is disposition ( m9d   
gave bir? to impo/ures1 revolts1 &      
di/urbances2 ! au?ors ( :i* ! ,roman p[]

 puni%$ 9 su* a mann] z to disc\rage _! 
adh]5ts1 or quickly to disp]se !m4 ,d[n 
to ! era we are ab\t to speak (1 7:i* ! 
gospel ( ,luke fixes at ! fifte5? ye> ( 
! reign ( ,tib]ius17 none ( ^? :o _h    
attempt$ to pass = ! messiah _h be5 able
 to succe$4 ,to h act$ t "p well requir$
 =ces m consid]able ?an ^? :i* all      
,judea c\ld oppose to ! conqu]ors ( !   
_w4 ,x 01 !re=e1 necess>y to h rec\rse  
to craft1 & to employ delusions & trick 
in/ead ( =ce4 ,= ?is purpose1 x 0 (     
importance to be fully acqua9t$ ) !     
disposition ( ! ,jewi% nation2 to affect
 a great respect = its laws & usages1 = 
:i* x ent]ta9$ ! mo/ pr(\nd v5]ation2 to
 pr(it +5i\sly by ! pr$ictions ) :i* ! 7
 imbu$2 to move ! passions1 & w>m !     
imag9ations ( t fanatical & cr$ul\s p4  
,b all ?is behov$ to be sil5tly effect$2
 x 0 necess>y = him :o attempt$ x1 to   
avoid r5d]+ himself suspect$ by !       
,romans2 x 0 necess>y to be on 8 gu>d   
aga9/ ! prie/s1 doctors1 & p]sons (     
education1 capable ( p5etrat+ & ?w>t+ 8 

designs4 ,x 0 ess5tial to comm5ce ) ga9+
 adh]5ts & co-op]ators1 & !reaft] a p>ty
 among ! p1 to support him aga9/ !      
gr&ees ( ! nation4 ,policy requir$ t he 
%\ld %ew himself r>ely 9 ! capital1 to  
prea* 9 ! c\ntry1 & r5d] odi\s to !     
populace1 prie/s :o dev\r$ ! nation1    
nobles :o oppress$ x1 & ri* p ( :om x   
ought to be naturally jeal\s4 ,n to al>m
 too mu*1 prud5ce dem&$ t he %\ld speak 
9 ambigu\s language & 9 p>ables4 ,nei!r 
c\ld he disp5se ) work+ miracles1 :i*1  
mu* m ?an all ! h>angues 9 ! _w1 7      
calculat$ to s$uce ignorant devotees1   
dispos$ to see ! f+] ( ,god 9 e act !   
true cause ( :i* !y 7 unable to         
compreh5d4  ,su* 0 ! conduct ( !        
p]sonage ^: life we exam9e4 ,:e!r we    
suppose t he _h be5 9 ,egypt = ! purpose
 ( acquir+ ! tal5ts necess>y to 8 views1
 or t he _h always resid$ at ,naz>e?1   
,jesus 0 n ignorant ( ! dispositions ( 8
 c\ntrym54 ,z he knew h[ mu* pr$ictions 
7 requisite to "w on ! m9ds ( ! ,jews1  
he made *oice ( a prophet & a =]unn] 9 !

 p]son ( 8 c\s9 ,john ,bapti/4 ,! latt]1
 evid5tly 9 conc]t ) ,jesus1 prea*$     
rep5tance1 baptiz$ on ! banks ( ,jordan1
 & ann\nc$ ! com+ ( a p]sonage great]   
?an himself4 ,he said to ^? :o gave e>  
to him1 ,i inde$ baptize y ) wat] unto  
rep5tance3 b he t come? aft] me is      
mighti] ?an ,i1 ! lat*et ( ^: %oe ,i am 
n wor?y to loose3 he %all baptize y ) ! 
,holy ,gho/ & ) fire4 ,jesus accord+ly  
repair$ to ,john on purpose to arrange  
matt]s ) him1 & to receive baptism f 8  
h&s4 ,accord+ to ! report ( ,mat!w1     
,john1 at fir/1 ev9c$ "s difficulty2    
affirm+1 t1 s f> f be+ wor?y to baptize 
,jesus1 x 0 f him t he himself ought to 
receive baptism4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 he     
yield$ to ! ord]s ( ,jesus1 & adm9i/]$  
to him ! sacram5t ( :i* ! innoc5t son ( 
,god c\ld n /& 9 ne$4  ,9 ?is int]view1 
! two k9sm5 evid5tly settl$ _! plans1 & 
took ! necess>y measures = insur+       
success4 ,!y bo? _h ambition1 & %>$ !   
mission betwe5 !m4 ,john yield$ ! fir/  
"* to ,jesus1 :om he judg$ bett]        

qualifi$ to play x ) success1 & cont5t$ 
himself ) be+ 8 precursor1 prea*+ 9 !   
des]t1 beat+ up = foll[]s1 & prep>+ !   
ways = him--all 9 consequ5ce ( a        
prophecy ( ,isaiah1 :o _h said1 ,prep>e 
ye ! way ( ! ,"l1 make /raight 9 ! des]t
 a highway = our ,god--an obscure &     
vague pr$iction1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 ,*ri/ians
 believe !y see cle>ly designat$ !      
messiah & 8 holy precursor4  ,!         
arrangem5ts be+ once settl$ by our two  
mission>ies1 ,john took c>e to tell ^?  
:o came to he> him1 t1 to pacify ,heav51
 x 0 "t to rep5t2 t ! arrival ( !       
messiah 0 n f> (f2 & t he _h se5 him4 ,!
 s]mons ( ,john hav+ made consid]able   
noise1 ! prie/s ( ,j]usalem1 vigilant z 
to :at might int]e/ religion1 & wi%+ to 
be in=m$ ( 8 views1 dispat*$ emiss>ies  
aft] him4 ,^! m5 ask$ if he 0 ! ,*ri/1  
or ,elias1 or a prophet4 ,john answ]$1 t
 he 0 nei!r ( ^!4 ,b :5 he 0 que/ion$ by
 :at au?ority he baptiz$ & prea*$1 he   
decl>$1 t he 0 ! =]unn] ( ! messiah4    
,?is proce$+ ( ! prie/s only t5d$ to    

give great] weight to ,john's ass]tions1
 & naturally excit$ ! curiosity ( ! p   
assembl$ to he> him4 ,! next day !y w5t 
9 a cr[d to ! place :]e ! prea*]        
baptiz$1 :51 pr(it+ skilfully by !      
circum/ance1 & p]ceiv+ ,jesus approa*+1 
he exclaim$1 ,behold ! ,lamb ( ,god1 :i*
 take? away ! s9 ( ! _w4 ,?is is he (   
:om ,i said1 aft] me come? a man :o is  
pref]r$ be=e me4  ,! au?or ( ! gospel   
ascrib$ to ,john1 p]ceiv+ t x 0         
important to remove ! suspicion (       
collusion betwe5 ,jesus & 8 =]unn]1     
makes ! ,bapti/ decl>e twice1 t he knew 
him n be=e baptiz+ him3 b t x _h be5    
reveal$ to him by ! ,deity1 t ! p]son on
 :om he %\ld see ! ,holy ,_s desc5d+    
dur+ 8 baptism1 0 ! son ( ,god4 ,:5ce we
 see t1 accord+ to ?is evangeli/1 ,john 
did n "k ,jesus1 :o 01 h[ev]1 8 k9sman1 
accord+ to ,luke4  ,john 0 mu* e/eem$ by
 ! p1 :om an au/]e & extraord9>y life is
 always c]ta9 ( s$uc+4--,!y did n       
suspect t a mission>y s deta*$ f ! ?+s (
 ?is _w1 c\ld ev] deceive !m4 ,!y       

believ$ on 8 ^w1 t ! ,holy ,_s1 "u ! =m 
( a dove1 _h desc5d$ on ,jesus1 & t he 0
 ! ,*ri/ or messiah promis$ by !        
prophets4 ,on ano!r occasion we %all    
also f9d ,john affect+ n to "k 8 c\s9   
,jesus3 he deput$ "s ( 8 disciples to   
le>n :o he 08 ,jesus repli$1 t !y _h    
only to relate to ,john ! miracles he   
p]=m$1 & by t sign _! ma/] w\ld         
recognize him4 ,we %all aft]w>ds speak (
 ?is embassy4  ,jesus _h associat$ ) him
 a confid5t1 !n call$ ,simon1 & aft]w>ds
 ,cephas or ,pet]1 :o _h be5 ! disciple 
( ,john4 ,sc>cely _h ,simon tak5 8      
arrangem5ts ) ! messiah1 :5 he drew ov] 
8 bro!r ,&rew to ! new sect4 ,^! two    
bro!rs 7 fi%]m54 ,we readily presume t  
,jesus w\ld n *oose 8 foll[]s among !   
gr&ees ( ! c\ntry4  ,! progress ( ,john 
,bapti/1 & ! atta*m5t ( ! p to him1     
al>m$ ! prie/s2 !y compla9$ l\dly1 &    
,john 0 arre/$ by ord] ( ! tetr>* ,h]od1
 :o1 accord+ to ,mat!w1 caus$ him to be 
behead$ to please ,h]odias 8 si/]-9-law4
 ,yet we d n f9d ! hi/orians ( ?is pr9ce

 reproa*+ him ) ! puni%m5t ( ! =]unn]4  
,aft] ,john's dea?1 8 disciples atta*$  
!mselves to ,jesus1 ^: com+ ,john _h    
ann\nc$1 & :o1 9 8 turn1 _h r5d]$ 9     
behalf ( ,john ! mo/ public te/imonies 9
 pres5ce ( ! p3 = ,jesus _h op5ly       
decl>$1 t ,john 0 great] ?an a prophet1 
& great] ?an an angel1 & t he 0 n born (
 woman :o 0 great] ?an him4 ,nev]!less1 
! messiah1 dread+ to be involv$ 9 !     
affair ( 8 =]unn]1 left 8 two disciples 
at ,j]usalem1 & )drew into ! des]t1 :]e 
he cont9u$ =ty days4 ,x has be5 rem>k$1 
t dur+ ! imprisonm5t ( ,john1 ,jesus did
 n ?9k ( deliv]+ him2 he p]=m$ no       
miracle 9 8 behalf2 aft] 8 dea? he spoke
 b little ( him1 & =ebore pron\nc+ 8    
eulogy4 ,he 0 no long] 9 ne$ ( him1 &1  
p]haps1 he wi%$ by ?is conduct to tea*  
^? :o s]ve ! views ( ! ambiti\s 9 a     
subord9ate capacity1 t !y ought n to    
reckon too mu* on gratitude4  ,x w\ld h 
be5 a bad exordium to assign fe> z !    
motive ( ! messiah's retreat4 ,we are   
told t he 0 c>ri$ up by ! ,_s1 :i*      

transport$ him to ! des]t4 ,x 0 necess>y
 t ,jesus %\ld surpass 8 =]unn]4 ,!     
latt] _h l$ a v au/]e life1 8 only      
n\ri%m5t be+ locu/ & wild honey2 b !    
gospel affirms1 t ,jesus ate no?+ at all
 dur+ 8 retreat1 & t on ! la/ day1 hav+ 
felt himself hungry1 angels came &      
m9i/]$ to him4 ,! fa/+ ( ,jesus = =ty   
days1 is consid]$ by 8 foll[]s z a pro( 
( 8 div9ity4 ,b ?is ab/95ce falls f>    
%ort ( t practis$ by a ,talapo9 at      
,siam1 :o1 accord+ to ,la ,l\b]e1 liv$  
satisfactorily )\t food = "o hundr$ &   
sev5 days6  ,to ev9ce ! importance ( 8  
mission1 ! prejudice :i* x 0 to occasion
 to ! empire ( ! devil1 & ! inf9ite     
advantages :i* 7 to result f x to 8     
foll[]s1 ,jesus1 on 8 return f ! des]t1 
pret5d$ t ,satan _h tempt$ him2 made !  
mo/ flatt]+ (f]s to engage him to desi/ 
f 8 ent]prise2 & pr(f]$ him ! mon>*y ( !
 univ]se1 if he w\ld r5\nce 8 project ( 
r$eem+ ! human race4 ,! refusal he gave 
to ^! propositions1 ev9c$ a sup]natural 
desire to labor = ! salvation ( ! _w4   

,su* z he>d ^! details mu/ h be5 fill$ )
 a/oni%m5t1 p5etrat$ ) gratitude1 &     
burn+ ) zeal = ! prea*]4 ,( consequ5ce1 
! numb] ( 8 adh]5ts increas$4  ,john !  
,evangeli/1 or ! p]son :o has writt51 "u
 8 "n1 ^: object appe>s to h be5 to     
e/abli% ! div9ity ( ,jesus1 has n       
m5tion$ 8 c>ry+ away1 abode 9 ! des]t1 &
 temptation4 ,^! transactions mu/ h be5 
consid]$ by him prejudicial to ! doctr9e
 he wi%$ to introduce4 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 &  
,luke1 relate ! c>ry+ away1 & !         
temptations 9 a diff]5t mann]1 b        
calculat$ to %[ ! p[] ( ,satan ov] !    
messiah4 ,he transport$ him1 no d\bt 9  
spite ( himself1 to ! p9nacle ( !       
temple2 & by a miracle1 made ,jesus     
contemplate1 f ! summit ( a m\nta91 all 
! k+doms ( ! univ]se1 )\t ev5 except+ ^?
 ^: inhabitants 7 antipodes ( ,judea4   
,accord+ to ! gospels1 ! devil work$    
m>vels1 :i* f> surpass$ ^? ( ,jesus4  ,!
 abs5ce ( ,jesus made him lose = a "t1 8
 two disciples ,pet] & ,&rew4 ,!        
necessity ( provid+ = _! subsi/5ce1     

con/ra9$ !m to resume _! =m] trade4 ,z  
_! ma/] dur/ n !n reside 9 ,j]usalem1 he
 retir$ t[>ds ! banks ( ! sea (         
,galilee1 :]e !y jo9$ him4 ,foll[ me1   
7said he to !m17 leave y\r nets2 (      
cat*]s ( fi% ,i w make y fi%]s ( m54    
,he1 probably1 made !m und]/&1 t !      
arrangem5ts he _h made dur+ 8 retirem5t1
 furni%$ him ) ! means ( subsi/+1 )\t   
toil1 by ! cr$ulity ( ! vulg>4 ,! two   
bro!rs imm$iately foll[$ him4  ,:e!r    
,jesus _h be5 expell$ f ,naz>e? by 8    
fell[ citiz5s1 or quitt$ x ( 8 own      
accord1 he fix$ 8 resid5ce at ,cap]naum1
 a m>itime city1 on ! conf9es ( ! tribes
 ( ,zabulon & ,naphtali4 ,8 "m1 a wid[1 
or sep>at$ f h] husb&1 foll[$ him3 %e   
c\ld be useful to ,jesus & ! little     
troop ( adh]5ts :o liv$ ) him4  ,x 0 at 
?is "t t our h]o1 second$ by 8          
disciples1 op5$ 8 mission4 ,8 s]mon1 l t
 ( ! ,bapti/1 consi/$ 9 say+1 ,rep5t1 = 
! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&4 ,john1 we h   
se51 comm5c$ prea*+ 9 ! fifte5? ye> (   
,tib]ius4 ,x 0 9 ! same ye> t 8 int]view

 ) ,jesus took place1 :5 he 0 baptiz$ by
 ,john4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ?is ye> ,john    
disappe>$3 aft] :i* ,jesus 0 9 ! des]t1 
:5ce he return$ to reside ) 8 "m 9 !    
city ( ,cap]naum4 ,!re he rema9$ a %ort 
"t only on acc\nt ( ! approa* ( !       
fe/ival ( ! passov]1 to celebrate :i* he
 repair$ to ,j]usalem4 ,we may1 !re=e1  
fix ! comm5cem5t ( 8 prea*+ 9 ! sixte5? 
ye> ( ,tib]ius4 ,he celebrat$ ! passov] 
?ree times be=e 8 dea?2 & ! common      
op9ion is1 t 8 prea*+ la/$ ?ree ye>s1 or
 until ! n9ete5? ye> ( ,tib]ius4  ,!    
rum\rs excit$ by ! baptism & prea*+ (   
,john1 & ! te/imonies he bore 9 behalf (
 ,jesus1 hav+ di$ away on ! imprisonm5t 
& dea? ( ! =]unn]1 & flight ( ! messiah1
 ! latt] resum$ c\rage1 & ?\ght t1 ) !  
assi/ance ( 8 disciples1 he ought to    
make a new attempt4 ,too well kn[n at   
,naz>e?1 & slight$ by 8 relations1 :o1  
on all occasions1 seem$ to ?9k b little 
( him1 he quitt$ t ungrateful city to   
e/abli% himself1 z we h rem>k$1 at      
,cap]naum1 9 ! sixte5? ye> ( ,tib]ius4  

,x 0 !re t he comm5c$ prea*+ 8 new sy/em
 to "s poor fi%]m51 & o!r l[ p4 ,he soon
 f\nd1 h[ev]1 t 8 mission 0 too         
circumscrib$ 9 t place3 b to acquire "s 
eclat1 he judg$ x necess>y to p]=m a    
miracle2 t is1 9 ! language ( ! ,jews1  
"s trick capable ( excit+ ! wond] ( !   
vulg>4 ,an opportunity occurr$ = ?is3 "s
 inhabitants ( ,cana1 a small village ,(
 ,galilee ,sup]ior1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t 
fifte5 leagues f ,cap]naum1 invit$      
,jesus & 8 "m to a w$d+4 ,! m>ri$ p]sons
 7 poor1 ?\gh ,john1 :o alone relates   
?is /ory1 gives !m a /ew>d2 yet he tells
 u t _! w9e fail$ at ! mom5t ! gue/s 7  
half intoxicat$1 or gay4 ,on ?is ,m>y1  
:o knew ! p[] or ! dext]ity ( h] son1   
said to him3 ,!y h no w9e4 ,jesus answ]$
 h] v r\ghly1 & 9 a mann] :i* evid5tly  
d5ot$ a man w>m$ ) w9e3 ,woman1 :at h ,i
 to d ) !e8 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be suppos$1 t
 ,jesus _h n totally lo/ ! use ( 8      
reason1 z he /ill possess$ pres5ce ( m9d
 to transmute wat] into w9e1 s t !      
miracul\s w9e 0 f\nd bett] ?an ! natural

 w9e !y _h drank at ! beg9n+4  ,?is fir/
 miracle ( ,jesus 0 p]=m$ 9 pres5ce ( a 
great numb] ( p]sons1 already half      
intoxicat$2 b ! text does n in=m u1 :e!r
 !y 7 equally a/oni%$ ! day foll[+1 :5 !
 fumes ( ! w9e 7 dissipat$4 ,p]haps ?is 
miracle 0 witness$ by ! /ew>d only1 )   
:om ,jesus _h secret intellig5ce4 ,!    
incr$ul\s1 less easily p]suad$ ?an !    
poor inebriat$ villag]s1 d n obs]ve 9   
?is transmutation ( wat] into w9e1 a    
motive = be+ conv9c$ ( ! div9e p[] (    
,jesus4 ,!y rem>k1 t 9 ! op]ation1 he   
employ$ wat] 9 ord] to make 8 w9e2 a    
circum/ance :i* may give room to        
suspect1 t he made only a composition1 (
 :i* be1 l _m o!rs1 might h ! secret4   
,!re 0 9 fact1 no m p[] necess>y to     
create w9e1 & fill ! pit*]s )\t putt+   
wat] into !m1 ?an to make an actual     
transmutation or wat] into w9e4 ,at     
lea/1 by act+ 9 ?is mann]1 he w\ld h    
remov$ ! suspicion ( hav+ made only a   
mixture4  ,9 :atev] mann] ! miracle 0   
p]=m$1 x appe>s to h made "s impression 

on ^? :o saw x1 or :o he>d x relat$4 ,x 
is c]ta9 ,jesus pr(it$ by x to ext5d 8  
mission ev5 to ! capital ( ,judea2 only 
giv+ "t = 8 miracle to spread1 9 ord] to
 produce its effect4 ,9 expectation (   
?is1 he )drew ) 8 "m1 bro!rs1 &         
disciples1 to ,cap]naum1 :]e he rema9$  
till ! fe/ival ( ! passov] 7! "t ( :i* 0
 ne>7 %\ld collect at ,j]usalem a       
multitude ( p1 be=e :om he flatt]$      
himself ) be+ able to op]ate a great    
numb] ( m>vels4     ,,*apt] ,v4         
,,j\rney ,,( ,,jesus ,,to               
,,j]usalem4--,,! ,,sell]s ,,driv5 ,,out 
,,( ,,! ,,temple4--,,conf]5ce ,,)       
,,nicodemus4   ,! noise ( ! miracle at  
,cana hav+ rea*$ ,j]usalem1 by means (  
^? :o repair$ to t city f ,galilee1     
,jesus w5t !re1 accompani$ by "s ( 8    
disciples2 b ( ! numb] ( ! latt] we are 
ignorant4 ,x 01 z has be5 m5tion$1 ! "t 
( ! passov]1 & consequ5tly1 a mom5t :5  
almo/ ! :ole nation 7 assembl$ 9 !      
capital4 ,su* an occasion 0 favorable = 
work+ miracles4 ,john accord+ly affirms 

t ,jesus p]=m$ a great numb]1 )\t1      
h[ev]1 detail+ any ( !m4 ,sev]al ( !    
witnesses ( ,jesus' p[] believ$ 9 him1  
accord+ to our hi/orian2 b he did n     
place mu* confid5ce 9 !m4 ,! reason giv5
 = ?is by ,john1 is1 ,because he knew   
all m51 & ne$$ n t any %\ld te/ify (    
man2 = he knew :at 0 9 man4 ,9 %ort1 he 
knew e ?+ except ! means ( giv+ to ^? :o
 saw 8 miracles ! dispositions he       
desir$4  ,b1 h[ reconcile fai? 9 ^! new 
conv]ts1 9 ! wond]s p]=m$ by ,jesus1 ) !
 bad dispositions !y 7 kn[n to possess8 
,if he knew ! /ate ( m9d ( ^! witnesses 
( 8 miracles1 :y p]=m !m ) c]ta9 loss8  
,9 ?is !re is a want ( j inf]5ce 9 !    
writ]1 :i* mu/ n1 h[ev]1 be imput$ to   
,jesus4 ,x is p]haps bett] n to ref] to 
,john 9 ?is matt]1 ?an to believe t 8   
sagaci\s ma/] w\ld p]=m miracles )\t    
design1 or = ! sole pleasure ( work+ !m4
  ,9 ! same j\rney to ,j]usalem1 ,jesus 
p]=m$ an exploit :i* is z great z a     
miracle1 & ev9ces a p[]ful arm4 ,accord+
 to an anci5t usage1 m]*ants _h e/abli%$

 !mselves1 especially dur+ ! solemn     
fe/ivals1 "u ! porticos :i* environ$ !  
temple4 ,!y furni%$ victims & (f]+s to !
 dev\t1 :i* !y 7 to pres5t to ! ,"l1 9  
ord] to accompli% ! ord9ances ( ! law2  
&1 = ! accommodation ( ! ,jews :o       
repair$ ?i!r f diff]5t c\ntries1 & = _! 
own int]e/1 ! prie/s _h p]mitt$ ! money 
*ang]s to fix _! /alls 9 ?is place4     
,jesus1 :o on e occasion %ew$ himself b 
little favorable to ! cl]gy1 0 %ock$ at 
?is usage1 :i*1 f> f be+ crim9al1 t5d$  
to facilitate ! accompli%m5t ( !        
,mosaical law4 ,he made a sc\rge (      
ropes1 &1 display+ a vigor\s arm on ^?  
m]*ants1 drove !m into ! /reets1        
fright5$ _! cattle1 & ov]turn$ ! c\nt]s1
 )\t _! be+ able to oppose 8 ent]prise4 
,x may be conjectur$1 t ! p _h no reason
 to be displeas$ ) ! di/urbance1 b      
pr(it$ by ! money & effects :i* ,jesus  
ov]turn$ 9 ! p>oxysm ( 8 zeal4 ,no d\bt 
8 disciples did n =get !mselves3 _! ma/]
 c\ld by ?is exploit make provision =   
!m1 especially if !y _h be5 9 ! secret1 

& enable !m to defray all exp5ses dur+  
_! resid5ce 9 ! capital4 ,besides1 !y   
saw 9 ?is ev5t ! accompli%m5t ( a       
prophecy ( ! ,psalmi/1 :o =etold1 t !   
,messiah w\ld be eat5 up ) ! zeal ( !   
h\se ( ! ,"l--a prophecy t 0 cle>ly     
v]ifi$ by ! upro> :i* ,jesus _h         
occasion$4 ,x w\ld appe> t ! brok]s _h n
 compreh5d$ ! my/ic s5se ( ?is          
pr$iction2 at lea/ !y did n expect to   
see x v]ifi$ at _! exp5se4 ,9 _! fir/   
surprise1 !y neglect$ to oppose !       
unexpect$ attacks ( a man :o mu/ h      
appe>$ to !m a maniac2 b1 on recov]+ f  
_! a/oni%m5t1 !y compla9$ to !          
magi/rates ( ! loss !y _h su/a9$4 ,!    
magi/rates1 afraid1 p]haps1 ( weak5+ _! 
au?ority by puni%+ a man ( :om ! p _h   
become ! accomplice1 or a fanatic ^:    
zeal might be approv$ by ! devotees1 did
 n wi% to use rigor = ?is "t2 !y cont5t$
 !mselves ) s5d+ to ,jesus to "k f      
himself by :at au?ority he act$--,:at   
sign 7said !y7 %ewe/ ?\ unto u1 see+ t  
?\ doe/ ^! ?+s8 ,on :i* ,jesus answ]$1  

,de/roy ?is temple1 & 9 ?ree days ,i w  
raise x up4 ,b ! ,jews 7 n tempt$ to    
make ! trial2--!y took him = a fool1 &  
return$1 %rugg+ _! %\ld]s4 ,if !y _h    
tak5 ,jesus at 8 ^w1 !y w\ld h exp]i5c$ 
great emb>rassm5t2 = ! gospel in=ms u1 t
 x 0 n ( ! temple ( ,j]usalem he spoke1 
b ( 8 own body4 ,he meant 8             
resurrection1 says ,john1 :i* 0 to happ5
 ?ree days aft] 8 dea?4 ,! ,jews _h n   
disc]nm5t to div9e ?is enigma1 & !      
disciples did n p5etrate its true mean+ 
till a long "t aft]1 :5 !y pret5d$ _!   
ma/] _h ris5 f ! dead4 ,we _c =be>      
admir+ t ,provid5ce1 :i*1 wi%+ to       
in/ruct1 enlight51 & conv]t ! ,jewi% p  
by ! m\? ( ,jesus1 employ$ only figures1
 allegories1 & enigmatical symbols1     
totally inexplicable by p]sons ! mo/    
+5i\s & mo/ exp]i5c$4  ,?\gh ,jesus _h !
 p[] ( rais+ himself f ! dead1 he did n 
wi% to employ x :5 9 ! h&s ( ! ,jews1 :o
 7 ready to arre/ & puni% him z a       
di/urb] ( ! public repose4 ,he ?\ght x m
 prud5t to decamp )\t noise1 & %elt]    

himself f ! pursuit ( ^? :om 8 brilliant
 exhibitions might h displeas$4 ,he     
int5d$ to )draw f ,j]usalem dur+ night1 
:5 a dev\t ,ph>isee1 wi%+ to be         
in/ruct$1 came to see him4 ,he 0 call$  
,nicodemus1 & held ! place ( s5ator--a  
rank :i* does n always exempt f         
cr$ulity4 ,rabbi1 7said he to ,jesus17  
we "k t ?\ art a tea*] s5t f ,god2 = no 
man c d ^! miracles t ?\ doe/1 except   
,god be ) him4  ,?is opportunity 0      
favorable = ,jesus to decl>e himself3 by
 a s+le ^w he c\ld h decid$ on 8        
div9ity1 & ackn[l$g$1 be=e ?is s5ator s 
k9dly dispos$1 t he 0 ,god4 ,yet he     
evad$ a direct answ]2 cont5t+ himself ) 
say+ to ,nicodemus1 t nobody c %>e 9 !  
k+dom ( ,god unless he be born aga94 ,! 
a/oni%$ proselyte exclaim$1 t x 0       
impossible = a man already old to be    
born aga91 or ent] anew into 8 "m's     
womb4 ,on :i* ,jesus repli$3 ,i say unto
 !e1 except a man be born ( wat] & ( !  
_s1 he _c ent] into ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,x  
appe>s1 t ,nicodemus 0 no bett] satisfi$

 ?an be=e4 ,jesus1 to make himself m    
p]spicu\s1 add$1 t :i* is born ( ! fle% 
is fle%1 & t :i* is born ( ! _s is _s4  
,m>vel n1 t ,i said unto !e1 ye mu/ be  
born aga9--,! w9d bl[e? :]e x li/e?1 &  
?\ he>e/ ! s\nd !re(1 b can/ n tell :5ce
 x come?1 nor :i!r x goe?3 s is e "o t  
is born ( ! _s4  ,not)/&+ ! precision & 
pla9ness ( ^! in/ructions1 7resembl+ !  
reason+ ( our !ologians17 ,nicodemus1 ^:
 und]/&+ 0 d\btless %ut up1 did n       
compreh5d any "p ( !m4 ,h[ 7asks he7 c  
^! ?+s be8 ,"h ,jesus1 pu%$ to          
extremity1 grew w>m3--,art ?\ 7says he7 
a ma/] ( ,israel1 & kn[e/ n ^! ?+s8     
,v]ily1 v]ily1 ,i say unto !e1 we speak 
t we d "k1 & te/ify t we h se51 & ye    
receive n our witness4 ,if ,i h told y  
e>?ly ?+s & ye believe n1 h[ %all ye    
believe if ,i tell y ( heav5ly ?+s8 ,&  
no man ha? asc5d$ up to heav5 b he t    
came d[n f heav51 ev5 ! son ( man :i* is
 9 heav54 7,john iii4 #a-ac47  ,we ?\ght
 x our duty to relate ?is curi\s        
dialogue1 z a specim5 ( ! logic (       

,jesus2 ! m s z x seems to h s]v$ z a   
model = ! fa%ion ( reason+ obs]v$ by    
,*ri/ian doctors1 :o are 9 ! use (      
expla9+ obscure ?+s by ?+s /ill m       
obscure & un9telligible4 ,!y t]m9ate all
 disputes by ref]r+ ! decision to _! own
 te/imony2 t is1 to ! au?ority or ! *ur*
 or cl]gy1 entru/$ by ,god himself )    
regulat+ :at ! fai?ful ought to believe4
  ,! re/ ( ! conv]sation ( ,jesus )     
,nicodemus is equally p]spicu\s1 & 9 !  
same /yle3--,! =m] alone speaks1 &      
appe>s by ! d9t ( 8 reasons to h sil5c$ 
! docile s5ator1 :o1 x seems1 retir$    
fully conv9c$4 ,?us x is1 t fai?        
disposes ! elect to yield to ! lessons1 
dogmas1 & my/]ies ( religion ev5 :5 x is
 impossible to atta* any mean+ to !     
words !y he> pron\nc$4  ,!re is no fur!r
 m5tion ( ,nicodemus--,we "k n :e!r he  
resign$ 8 (fice ( ,s5ator to enrol      
himself among ! disciples ( ,jesus4     
,p]haps he 0 cont5t$ ) secretly furni%+ 
necess>ies to 8 adh]5ts1 9 gratitude = !
 lum9\s in/ructions he _h receiv$4 ,he  

evid5tly knew h[ to pr(it by !m1 = ,john
 makes him return aft] ! dea? ( ,jesus1 
br++ a hundr$ p\nds ( aloes & myrrh1 = !
 purpose ( embalm+ 8 body1 & !n int]r+  
x1 ) ! assi/ance ( ,joseph ( ,arima!a4  
,?is proves t he _h come f 8 conv]sation
 ) ,jesus a m able !ologi/ ?an he _h    
begun x4 ,on ?is occasion1 ,jesus mu/ h 
grant$ him sav+ grace1 )\t :i* x w\ld h 
be5 impossible to compreh5d any ( 8     
sublime dogmas4  ,accord+ to !ology1 m5 
h occasion = sup]natural grace to d     
good4 ,?is doctr9e is injuri\s to s\nd  
morality4 ,m5 always wait = ! call f    
above to d good1 & ^? :o direct !m1 nev]
 employ ! calls f bel[2 t is ! natural  
motives to excite !m to virtue4 ,b !    
cl]gy _c give a correct def9ition (     
virtue4 ,!y say x is an effect ( grace t
 disposes m5 to d t :i* is agreeable to 
! ,div9ity4 ,b :at is grace8 ,h[ does x 
act on man8 ,:at is x t is agreeable to 
,god8 ,:]e=e do? n ,god give to all m5 !
 grace to d t :i* is agreeable 9 8 eyes8
 ,we are unceas+ly told to d good1      

because ,god requires x2 b no "o has be5
 able to tea* u :at t good is :i* is    
acceptable to ! ,almighty1 & by !       
p]=mance ( :i* we %all obta9 8          
approbation4  ,x mu/ be ackn[l$g$1 t !  
impossibility ( compreh5d+ ! doctr9e (  
,jesus furni%es a good reason = d5y+ t x
 c be div9e4 ,x _c be conceiv$ :y a     
,god1 s5t to in/ruct m51 %\ld nev]      
di/9ctly expla9 himself4 ,no ,pagan     
oracle employ$ t]ms m ambigu\s1 ?an !   
div9e mission>y *os5 by ,provid5ce to   
enlight5 nations4 ,9 ?is ! ,deity appe>s
 to h made x 8 /udy to create ob/acles  
to 8 projects1 & to h laid a sn>e n only
 = ! ,jews1 b = all ^? :o mu/ read !    
gospel to obta9 salvation2 a conduct    
equally unwor?y ( a good & j ,god1 end[$
 ) presci5ce & wisdom2 yet by fai? we   
may succe$ 9 reconcil+ e ?+1 & readily  
compreh5d :y ,god %\ld speak )\t wi%+ to
 be und]/ood4  ,z soon z ,jesus _h      
quitt$ ,nicodemus1 he left ,j]usalem1 8 
abode 9 :i* _h become v dang]\s1 & w&]$ 
?r\gh ! c\ntry ( ,judea1 :]e he enjoy$  

great] safety4 ,! upro> he _h occasion$ 
9 ! capital1 :]e s great a multitude 7  
assembl$1 _h n fail$ to make him kn[n to
 _m2 b x 0 at a di/ance t he ga9$ !     
greate/ numb] ( p>tisans4 ,john in=ms u1
 9 *apt] ?ird1 t dur+ ?is p]iod he      
baptiz$2 !reaft] he tells u1 9 *apt]    
f\r?1 t he did n baptize1 b t 8         
disciples baptiz$ = him4  ,"o ?+ is     
c]ta91 t1 aft] ?is1 he quitt$ ,judea to 
g into ,galilee4 ,x 01 p]haps1 to be m  
private1 or to prev5t ! s*ism1 :i*1     
accord+ to ! gospel1 0 ready to take    
place betwe5 ! ,jews baptiz$ by ,john1 &
 ^? :om ,jesus & 8 disciples _h baptiz$4
 ,jesus conceiv$ t prud5ce requir$ him  
to rema9 at a di/ance1 & to leave !     
field op5 to a man :o 0 useful to him1 &
 :o cont5t$ himself ) play+ ! second "p 
"u him4 ,x v soon appe>$ t ,jesus made a
 great] numb] ( proselytes ?an 8 c\s92 a
 circum/ance :i*1 9 ! end1 might h      
creat$ a misund]/&+ betwe5 !m4 ,jesus   
!re=e direct$ 8 m>* t[>ds ,sam>ia1 :i!r 
we are to foll[ him1 & !nce he pass$    

into ,galilee4     ,,*apt] ,,vi4        
,,adv5ture ,,( ,,jesus ,,) ,,! ,,female 
,,sam>itan--,,8 ,,j\rney ,,& ,,miracles 
,,9 ,,! ,,c\ntry ,,( ,,! ,,g]as5es4   ,x
 may be obs]v$ t 9 ?is exam9ation ( !   
hi/ory ( ,jesus1 we foll[ ! mo/ g5]ally 
receiv$ arrangem5t ( facts1 )\t mean+ to
 gu>antee t !y occurr$ precisely 9 t    
ord]4 ,*ronological mi/akes are n ( mu* 
importance :5 !y d n influ5ce ! nature (
 ev5ts4 ,besides1 ! evangeli/s1 )\t fix+
 any eras1 cont5t !mselves ) say+ at t  
"t1 :i* precludes our giv+ an exact     
*ronology ( ! foll[+ transactions4      
,precision w\ld require a labor z imm5se
 z sup]flu\s1 & t5d only to %ew t !     
hi/ory ( ,jesus1 dictat$ by ! ,holy ,_s1
 is m incorrect ?an t ( celebrat$       
,pagans ( an antiquity m remote4 ,x w\ld
 also prove t ! inspir$ writ]s          
contradict !mselves e in/ant1 by mak+ _!
 h]o act at ! same "t 9 diff]5t places1 
& (t5 remote f ea* o!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1   
?is great labor w\ld n in=m u :i* ( !   
evangeli/s we ought to pref]1 see+ all 9

 ! eyes ( fai? h tru? on _! side4 ,"t & 
place d n *ange ! nature ( facts2 & x is
 f ^! facts we mu/ =m our ideas ( !     
legislator ( ! ,*ri/ians4  ,jesus hav+  
comm5c$ 8 j\rney 9 ! summ] season1 felt 
oppress$ ) ?ir/ ne> ,si*>1 9 ! c\ntry ( 
,sam>ia1 :i* gave rise to a s+ul>       
adv5ture4 ,ne> ?is city !re 0 a well1   
kn[n by ! "n ( ,jacob's f\nta94 ,fatigu$
 ) 8 j\rney1 ,jesus sat d[n on ! br9k ( 
! well1 wait+ ! return ( 8 disciples1 :o
 _h gone to ! city = provisions4 ,x 0   
ab\t noon1 :5 a female came to draw     
wat]4 ,jesus ask$ h] to let him dr9k out
 ( ! vessel %e held2 b ! ,sam>itan1 :o  
knew f 8 c\nt5ance t he 0 a ,jew1 0     
a/oni%$ at 8 reque/1 z !re 0 no         
int]c\rse betwe5 ! or?odox ,jews & !    
,sam>itans4 ,accord+ to ! cu/om (       
p>tisans ( diff]5t sects1 !y dete/$ ea* 
o!r mo/ cordially4 ,! messiah1 :o 0 n s 
fa/idi\s z ! ord9>y ,jews1 und]took !   
conv]sion ( ! female h]etic1 = ^: sex we
 f9d 9 him a /rong atta*m5t ?r\gh ! :ole
 c\rse ( 8 hi/ory4 ,if ?\ knewe/1 said  

he to h]1 ! gift ( ,god1 & :o x is t    
sai? to !e1 give me to dr9k1 ?\ w\ld/ h 
ask$ ( him1 & he w\ld h giv5 !e liv+    
wat]4 ,! ,sam>itan woman1 :o did n      
obs]ve ,jesus to h any vessel 9 8 h&1   
ask$ :5ce he c\ld draw ! liv+ wat] ( :i*
 he spoke8 ,on ?is ! messiah1 assum+ a  
my/]i\s tone1 answ]$1 ,:oso dr9ke? ( ?is
 well %all ?ir/ aga91 b :osoev] dr9ke? (
 ! wat] t ,i %all give him1 %all nev]   
?ir/2 ,x %all be 9 him a well ( wat]    
spr++ up into ev]la/+ life4 ,! female1  
:o 0 a dame ( easy virtue1 ask$ "s ( t  
m>vell\s wat]2 & ,jesus1 f ?is disc\rse 
hav+ discov]$ ! pr(ession ( ! woman1    
+5i\sly got (f by tell+ h] to g & seek  
h] husb&2 calculat+1 p]haps1 on be+ able
 to /eal away :5 %e 0 gone4 ,b ! lady   
relat$ to him h] life2 gave "s details (
 h] conduct2 & !reby enabl$ him to      
conjecture en\gh ( x to speak z a       
conjuror4 ,accord+ly1 he told h] t %e _h
 _h five husb&s2 t %e _h none at t "t1 &
 t ! man ) :om %e liv$ 0 only a gallant4
 ,! ,sam>itan woman took ,jesus = a     

sorc]] or a prophet2 he did n d5y x2 & z
 he 0 n !n afraid ( be+ /on$ or puni%$1 
he made bold = ! fir/ "t to confess t he
 0 ! messiah4  ,!y 7 at ?is "p ( _!     
dialogue1 :5 ! return ( ,jesus'         
disciples put an end to x4 ,! latt]1    
:e!r !y knew ! pr(ession ( ! loquaci\s  
dame1 or 7 m intol]ant ?an _! ma/]1 7   
surpris$ at ! tete-a-tete2 yet none ( !m
 v5tur$ to criticise ! conduct ( ,jesus2
 :ile ! ,sam>itan woman see+ 8 ret9ue   
believ$ 9 reality t he 0 a prophet or ! 
messiah4 ,leav+ h] pit*]1 %e w5t        
directly to ,si*>1 ,come & see1 said %e 
to ! inhabitants1 a man :o told me all  
?+s t ev] ,i did2 is n ?is ! ,*ri/8--,! 
a/oni%$ inhabitants w5t & met ,jesus2 & 
*>m$ ) he>+ him prea*1 )\t compreh5d+ "o
 ^w ( 8 disc\rse1 !y invit$ him to come 
& reside ) !m4 ,he yield$ to _! reque/ =
 two days only3 ! provisions pur*as$ 7  
put up 9 res]ve1 & ! troop liv$ dur+ t  
"t at ! co/ ( ^! h]etics1 delight$ no   
d\bt ) defray+ ! exp5ses ( ! ,savi\r & 8
 foll[]s4  ,all ! m>vell\s 9 ?is        

adv5ture turns on ,jesus hav+ div9$ t ! 
,sam>itan lady _h _h five husb&s1 & liv$
 at t "t 9 crim9al int]c\rse ) a        
favorite4 ,yet x is easy to p]ceive t   
,jesus c\ld le>n ?is anecdote ei!r 9 8  
conv]sation ) ! prat+ dame1 or by public
 rumor1 or 9 "s o!r v easy way4  ,b     
unbeliev]s f9d ano!r reason = criticis+ 
?is relation ( ,john4 ,lay+ aside !     
m>vell\s1 !y attack ! tru? ( !          
transaction4 ,all hi/ory atte/s1 t 9 !  
"t ( ,jesus1 ,sam>ia 0 peopl$ by        
colonies ( diff]5t nations1 :i* !       
,assyrians _h transport$ ?i!r aft] !    
de/ruction ( ! k+dom ( ,israel4 ,?is    
w\ld seem to exclude ! expectation ( !  
messiah1 9 :i*1 accord+ to ,john1 !     
,sam>itans liv$4 ,pagans & ,idolators   
c\ld n h v di/9ct notions ( an ev5t     
peculi> to ,judea4 ,if ! ,sam>itans 7 ! 
desc5dants ( ,jacob1 x 0 n necess>y to  
put into ! m\? ( ! ,sam>itan woman ^!   
words1 ,our fa!rs wor%ipp$ 9 ?is m\nta91
 & ye say1 ,j]usalem is ! place :]e m5  
ought to wor%ip4 ,x 0 also absurd to    

make ,jesus say1 ye %all no m wor%ip !  
,fa!r1 ei!r 9 ?is m\nta9 or at          
,j]usalem2 ye wor%ip ye "k n :at2 = !   
law ( ,moses does n =bid ! wor%ipp+ ,god
 9 :atev] place we may f9d ourselves4 ,9
 ! "t ( ,jesus1 ! laws or usages ( !    
,jews requir$1 t none %\ld (f] sacrifice
 any :]e1 except 9 ! temple ( ! capital2
 b ! places ( pray] dep5d$ on e man's   
own w & pleasure4 ,x is1 besides1 absurd
 to say1 t ! desc5dants ( ,jacob did n  
"k ! ,god :om !y ador$ to be ,jehovah1 !
 ,god ( ,moses & ( ! ,jews2 unless x is 
pret5d$1 t !y did n "k :om !y wor%ipp$4 
,s9ce ! mission ( ,jesus1 ,*ri/ians h   
und\bt$ly no?+ to reproa* !m ) on ?is   
head4 ,moreov] ! words ( ,jesus seem to 
ins9uate1 t he wi%$ to aboli% ! wor%ip (
 ! ,fa!r4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,*ri/ians %>e _!
 homage betwe5 him & 8 ,son1 :i*1 fai? a
 "p1 annihilates ! dogma ( ! unity (    
,god4 ,f9ally1 ,jesus did n conjecture  
"r 9 say+1 t ! ,fa!r w\ld be no long]   
wor%ipp$ at ,j]usalem1 or on ! m\nta92 =
 ?is ,fa!r has n ceas$ "o in/ant to be  

wor%ipp$ !re = ^! eighte5 c5turies1 by  
,jews1 by ,*ri/ians1 & by ,mahometans4  
,if x is ma9ta9$1 t ! ,sam>itan woman 0 
a hea!n1 x is n likely t %e w\ld h      
reg>d$ ,jesus z ! messiah1 :om %e nei!r 
knew nor expect$4 ,add to ?is1 t !      
,sam>itans believ$ 9 ,jesus on ! ^w ( a 
c\rtezan2 a cr$ulity ( :i* ,jews &      
,*ri/ians only c\ld be susceptible4     
,jesus & 8 disciples 7 ,jews1 & 9 t "*  
exclud$ f ,sam>ia4 ,x is ( no import1   
!re=e1 by :om ! c\ntry 0 inhabit$4  ,two
 days hav+ elaps$1 & ! p ( ,si*> be+1 9 
all appe>ance1 suffici5tly in/ruct$1    
,jesus quitt$ _! city1 & ) 8 disciples  
took ! road ( ,upp] ,galilee4 ,9 ?is    
j\rney1 ,jesus consid]+ ! ho/ile        
disposition ( 8 c\ntrym51 ?\ght prop] n 
to ent] ,naz>e?1 ! place ( 8 nativity4  
,he appli$ to himself ! fam\s prov]b1 a 
prophet has no honor 9 8 own c\ntry4 ,x 
0 o!rwise 9 ! re/ ( ! prov9ce3--z soon z
 ! p knew ( 8 arrival1 !y gave him      
welcome4 ,luke assures u t he 0 e/eem$ &
 honor$ by e body4 ,^! good p _h beheld 

! wond]s :i* he _h op]at$ 9 ,j]usalem1  
dur+ ! fe/ival ( ! passov]4 ,9 gratitude
 = ^! favorable dispositions1 & = ! fai?
 he f\nd among ! ,galileans1 ,jesus did 
n cont5t himself ) in/ruct+ !m1 b       
confirm$ 8 mission1 & te/ifi$ 8 love by 
a cr[d ( prodigies4 ,! numb] 01         
d\btless1 v great1 z ,mat!w is con/ra9$ 
to say g5]ally1 t he heal$ all mann] (  
sickness1 & all mann] ( disease among ! 
p2 & t x 0 suffici5t to obta9 a cure1 to
 pres5t to him ! sick1 :atev] might be  
_! disease4 ,lunatics1 ^: numb] 0 great 
9 t c\ntry2 idiots1 hypo*ondriacs1 &    
p]sons possess$ ) devils1 _h b to fly to
 him = relief1 & _! cure 0 c]ta94  ,?is 
multitude ( miracles1 = s !y /yle !     
cures op]at$ by ,jesus1 drew aft] him a 
cr[d ( idl]s & vagabonds f ,galilee1    
,j]usalem1 ,decapolis1 ,judea1 & !      
c\ntry beyond ,jordan4 ,x 0 9 ?is j\rney
 he obta9$ two fam\s disciples3 !y 7    
bro!rs1 sons ( a fi%]man ( ! "n (       
,zeb$ee1 & call$ ,james & ,john4 ,!     
fir/1 ?\gh1 probably1 he c\ld n read1   

aft]w>ds compos$ my/ical works1 :i* are 
at ?is day rev]$ by ,*ri/ians4 ,)       
respect to ,john1 he 0 ! favorite ( 8   
ma/]1 & receiv$ f him m>ks ( di/+ui%$   
att5tion4 ,he aft]w>ds became a sublime 
,platoni/1 &1 ?r\gh gratitude1 deifi$   
,jesus 9 ! gospels & epi/les publi%$ 9 8
 "n4  ,! reputation & res\rces ( ,jesus 
7 s great 9 ,galilee1 t1 to increase !  
numb] ( 8 foll[]s1 x 0 only necess>y =  
him to op5 8 m\? & speak4 ,! two        
disciples already m5tion$1 he call$ ) an
 int5tion to keep ne> 8 p]son4 ,wi%+1   
h[ev]1 to repose aft] ! fatigues (      
prea*+ & p]=m+ miracles1 he resolv$ to  
quit ! cities & retire to ! sea coa/4   
,he conjectur$1 t to make himself       
desirable1 & n exhau/ 8 cr$it1 x 0      
prud5t n to suff] himself to be se5 too 
long or too ne>4 ,! p1 fond ( he>+ !    
wond]ful s]mons ( ,jesus1 foll[$ him4   
,press$ by ! cr[d1 he happily p]ceiv$   
two vessels2 & /epp+ into ! "o belong+  
to ,simon ,pet]1 he h>angu$ ! eag]      
multitude f x4 ,?us ! boat ( a fi%]man  

became a pulpit1 :5ce ! ,deity utt]$ 8  
oracles4  ,! ,galileans 7 n ri*1 &1     
accord+ly1 ! troop ( ,jesus' adh]5ts    
augm5t$4 ,we f9d 8 f\r fir/ apo/les     
labor+ 9 _! trade ( fi%]m5 dur+ ! abode 
( ! messiah 9 ! prov9ce4 ,! day on :i*  
he prea*$ 9 ! vessel _h n be5 =tunate = 
!m2 & ! night prec$+ 0 n m favorable4   
,jesus1 :o knew m ?an "o pr(ession1     
?\ght t x behov$ him to d some?+ = p :o 
%ew$ s mu* zeal4 ,:51 !re=e1 he _h f9i%$
 8 h>angue & ! cr[d _h retir$1 he bade  
,simon advance into ! middle ( ! wat] & 
ca/ 8 net2 ! latt] excus$ himself1 say+1
 t he _h already ?r[n sev]al times )\t  
success4 ,b ,jesus insi/$3--!n said     
,simon1 ,i w ca/ x on ?y ^w3 on :i*1 by 
an a/oni%+ miracle1 ! net broke on all  
sides4 ,simon & ,&rew 7 unable to drag x
 out1 !y call$ _! comrades1 & drew out (
 x fi%es en\gh to fill two %ips4 ,our   
fi%]m5 7 s surpris$1 t ,pet] took 8 ma/]
 = a wiz>d1 & pray$ him to dep>t4 ,b    
,jesus enc\rag$ him1 & promis$ n to al>m
 !m aga91 see+ t h5ce=? he1 ,pet]1 %\ld 

no long] occupy himself ) cat*+ fi%1 b  
m54  ,! messiah f9d+ himself ne> ,cana1 
judg$ x prop]1 z he _h once p]=m$ a     
miracle !re1 to ent] t place4 ,an (fic] 
( ,cap]naum1 ^: son 0 sick ( a fev]1    
repair$ to ?is village on purpose to try
 ! rem$ies ( ,jesus1 ( ^: p[]s s _m     
p]sons boa/$4 ,he entreat$ ! physician  
to come to 8 h\se & cure 8 son2 b our   
,esculapius1 :o did n *use to op]ate    
be=e eyes too cle>-sight$1 got rid ( ?is
 importunate p]son 9 su* a way z n to   
incur any risk1 9 case he %\ld n succe$3
 ,g1 said he to ! (fic]1 ?y son live?4  
,! (fic]1 :ile approa*+ 8 own           
habitation1 le>n$ t ! fev]1 :i* p]haps 0
 int]mitt5t1 _h left 8 son4 ,no m 0     
necess>y to cry up ! miracle1 & conv]t  
all ! family4  ,aft] hav+ trav]s$ ! sea 
coa/1 & made "s /ay at ,cana1 ,jesus    
repair$ to ,cap]naum1 :]e1 z has be5    
relat$1 he fix$ 8 resid5ce4 ,! family ( 
,simon ,pet] 0 e/abli%$ 9 t city2 & x 0 
no d\bt ?is reason1 jo9$ ) ! bad        
treatm5t he _h receiv$ f ! inhabitants (

 ,naz>e?1 t det]m9$ ,jesus to make *oice
 ( ?is resid5ce4 ,x appe>s he 0 abhorr$ 
9 ! city :]e he _h be5 educat$2 = z soon
 z he attempt$ to prea* !re1 ! p want$  
to ?r[ him headlong4 ,at ,cap]naum !y   
li/5$ to & admir$ him2 he h>angu$ 9 !   
synagogue1 expla9$ ! scripture1 & %[$ t 
he himself 0 =etold 9 x4 ,9 ! mid/ ( 8  
s]mon1 "o ,sabba? day1 !y br\ght him a  
p]son possess$1 :o p]haps 9 conc]t )    
him1 began to cry out ) all 8 might2    
,let u alone3 :at h we to d ) !e1 ?\    
,jesus ( ,naz>e?8 ,art ?\ come to de/roy
 u8 ,i "k !e :o ?\ art1 ! holy "o (     
,god4 ,! p wait$ 9 t]ror = ! issue ( ?is
 adv5ture1 :5 ,jesus1 c]ta9 ( 8 gr\nd1  
address$ himself n to ! man1 b to !     
devil possess+ him3 ,hold ?y peace1 said
 he1 & come out ( him4 ,imm$iately !    
malign _s ov]turn$ ! possess$1 ?rew him 
into horrible convulsions1 & disappe>$  
)\t any p]son see+ him4  ,physicians1   
especially ^? acqua9t$ ) ! ea/]n        
c\ntries1 d n admit miracles ( ! nature 
( ?is "o4 ,!y "k t ! diseases consid]$  

possessions1 7 ow+ solely to disord]s   
produc$ 9 ! bra9 by excessive heat4 ,^! 
maladies 7 frequ5t 9 ,judea1 :]e        
sup]/ition & ignorance imp$$ ! progress 
( m$ic9e & all useful k4 ,out ( t c\ntry
 we f9d b few possess$ ) devils4 ,?is   
incr$ulity /rips ,jesus ( a great numb] 
( 8 miracles2 yet tak+ away !           
possessions1 !re /ill rema9 en\gh4 ,mo/ 
( ! possess$ among u are hypo*ondriacs1 
maniacs1 hy/]ical wom51 melan*oly       
p]sons1 & ^? torm5t$ ) ! vapors or      
spasms2 or !y are impo/ors1 :o1 to ga9  
money1 to int]e/ ! simple & to display !
 p[] ( ! prie/s1 cons5t to receive !    
devil1 t ! cl]gy may h ! glory ( expell+
 him4 ,!re is sc>cely a possession      
n[-a-days :i* c\ld resi/ a flogg+4      
,miracles are food = ! imag9ation1 b !  
body requires m sub/antial alim5ts3 !   
adv5ture :i* has be5 relat$ _h l$ to !  
h\r ( d9n]4 ,on leav+ ! synagogue1      
,jesus 0 invit$ to ! h\se ( ,pet]1 :]e e
 ?+ appe>s to h be5 prep>$ = p]=m+ a    
second miracle4 ,! "m-9-law ( ,simon    

felt sick at ! mom5t !y _h ne$ ( h] 9   
manag+ ! kit*54 ,jesus1 :o possess$ !   
tal5t ( readily cur+ ! relatives ( 8    
disciples1 took h] by ! h&1 & made h]   
rise f h] b$3 %e arose completely cur$1 
cook$ ! victuals1 & 0 9 a condition to  
s]ve ! gue/s4  ,9 ! ev5+ ( ! same day1  
!y br\ght ,jesus all ! sick 9 ,cap]naum1
 & all ! possess$1 :om1 accord+ to      
,mat!w1 he cur$ by "s words2 b1 accord+ 
to ,luke1 by lay+ h&s on !m4 ,sev]al    
devils1 on com+ out ( ! possess$1 _h !  
impud5ce to betray ! secret ( !         
physician1 & op5ly decl>e1 t he 0 ,*ri/ 
! ,son ( ,god4 ,?is indiscretion        
displeas$ ,jesus1 :o wi%$1 or feign$ to 
wi%1 to keep private4 ,luke tells u t he
 rebuk$ !m1 & suff]$ !m n to speak1 = !y
 knew t he 0 ,*ri/4  ,accord+ to        
!ologi/s1 ! ,son ( ,god1 9 all 8        
conduct1 _h 9 view only to lead ! devil 
a/ray1 & conceal f him ! my/]y (        
r$emption3 ,yet we see1 t ,jesus 0 nev] 
able to deceive 8 cunn+ enemy4 ,9 ! :ole
 gospel sy/em1 ! devil is m sly & p[]ful

 ?an bo? ,god ! ,fa!r & ,god ! ,son3 he 
is always successful 9 ?w>t+ _! designs1
 & succe$s 9 r$uc+ ,god ! ,fa!r to !    
dire necessity ( mak+ 8 de> ,son die 9  
ord] to repair ! evil :i* ,satan _h done
 to mank9d4 ,*ri/ianity is real         
mani*aeism1 :]e9 e advantage is on !    
side ( ! bad pr9ciple1 :o1 by ! great   
numb] ( 8 adh]5ts r5d]s nugatory all !  
purposes ( ! ,deity4 ,if ! devil knew t 
,jesus 0 ! ,*ri/1 su* k mu/ h be5       
po/]ior to 8 retirem5t into ! des]t1 =  
he !n spoke to him 9 a /yle :i* intimat$
 t he knew him n4 ,x is sup]flu\s to    
exam9e at :at "t ! devil acquir$ ?is k2 
b x is manife/ t he _h x only by div9e  
p]mission4 ,n[ ,god1 by grant+ to !     
devil ! k ( 8 ,son1 ei!r wi%$1 or did n 
wi%1 t he %\ld speak ( x4 ,if he wi%$ x1
 ,jesus did wrong 9 oppos+ x3 if he did 
n wi% x1 h[ 0 ! devil able to act       
contr>y to ! div9e w8 ,jesus c>efully   
conceal$ 8 quality1 ! k ( :i* c\ld alone
 op]ate salvation4 ,b1 9 ?is case1 !    
devil _h ! greate/ int]e/ to conceal x2 

yet 9 opposition to ?is int]e/1 & ! w ( 
! ,almighty1 ! devil made kn[n ! quality
 ( ,jesus4 ,besides1 if ,jesus did n wi%
 t ! devil %\ld discov] him1 :y delay   
impos+ sil5ce on him until aft] he _h   
spok58  ,! conduct ( ! ,messiah 9 ^!    
p>ticul>s has made x to be believ$1 t n 
d>+ to endang] himself by publicly      
assum+ ! quality ( ,*ri/1 or ,son (     
,god1 he 0 n displeas$ ) ! devils =     
divulg+ 8 secret1 & sp>+ him ! tr\ble ( 
speak+4 ,x 01 moreov]1 elicit+ a v      
important confession out ( ! m\? ( an   
enemy4  ,jesus 0 n ignorant1 t to reta9 
8 influ5ce ov] ! m9ds ( m51 x 0 necess>y
 to prev5t satiety4 ,accord+ly1 on ! day
 foll[+ t on :i* s _m miracles _h be5   
wr\ght 9 ,cap]naum1 he dep>t$ be=e      
day-break1 & )drew into a des]t4 ,all   
legislators h lov$ retirem5t4 ,x is !re 
!y h _h div9e inspirations1 & x is on   
em]g+ f ^! my/]i\s asylums1 !y h p]=m$  
miracles calculat$ to deceive ! vulg>4  
,solit>y reflection is at times necess>y
 to asc]ta9 ! /ate ( our affairs4       

,mean:ile ! disciples ( ,jesus1 not)/&+ 
8 flight1 did n lose sight ( him2 !y    
repair$ to him at ! mom5t he wi%$ to be 
alone1 & in=m$ him t !y _h be5 e :]e 9  
se>* ( him4 ,9 fact1 !re 7 /ill _m sick 
& possess$ 9 ! c\ntry2 yet ?is          
consid]ation did n induce ,jesus to     
return to ,cap]naum2 on :i* acc\nt _m   
resort$ to him 9 8 retreat4 ,to get rid 
( !m1 he aga9 trav]s$ ,galilee1 :]e he  
cur$ ! sick & ca/ out devils4 ,?is is   
all ! gospel m5tions4 ,x appe>s he t>ri$
 little on 8 road1 :ile he prea*$ z he  
w5t along2 = 9 a %ort "t he _h advanc$ a
 consid]able way on ! %ore ( ! sea (    
,galilee4 ,z ! multitude augm5t$ by idle
 & curi\s p f ! villages1 our prea*]1   
f9d+ himself press$ by ! cr[d1 gave     
ord]s to 8 disciples to convey him to ! 
o!r side1 on ! t]ritory ( ! ,g]as5es4   
,:5 he _h l&$1 a doctor ( ! law (f]$ to 
become 8 foll[]3 b ,jesus readily       
conceiv$ t a doctor w\ld n suit him4 ,he
 w\ld h cut a poor figure 9 a company   
compos$ ( fi%]m5 & cl[ns1 su* z ^? ( :om

 ! messiah _h =m$ 8 c\rt4 ,he gave !    
doctor to und]/&1 t he w\ld rep5t ( ?is 
/ep2 t ?is k9d ( life w\ld n agree )    
him3 ! son ( man1 said he to ! doctor1  
ha? no :]e to lay 8 head4  ,jesus w\ld n
 p]mit 8 disciples to ramble too f> 9 ! 
t]ritory ( ! ,g]as5es2 = among/ !m 7 "s 
( t c\ntry4 ,"o ask$ p]mission to g &   
p]=m ! la/ duties to 8 fa!r2--ano!r1 to 
embrace 8 family2 b ,jesus h>%ly refus$ 
_! reque/s4 ,! fir/ receiv$ = answ]1 let
 ! dead bury _! dead4 ,! o!r1 :oev] hav+
 put 8 h& to ! pl\gh1 & looke? back1 is 
n fit = ! k+dom ( heav54 ,! incr$ul\s   
?9k !y p]ceive 9 ^! answ]s a pro( ( !   
r\gh habits1 & repulsive & despotic _s (
 ,jesus1 :o1 = ! k+dom ( heav51 oblig$ 8
 disciples to neglect ! mo/ sacr$ duties
 ( morality4 ,b ,*ri/ians1 docile to !  
lessons ( _! div9e ma/]1 :i* !y d>e n   
exam9e1 h made p]fection consi/ 9 a     
total ab&onm5t ( ^? objects :i* nature  
has r5d]$ de>e/ to man4 ,*ri/ianity     
seems int5d$ only to create discord1    
deta* m5 f e ?+ on e>?1 & break ! ties  

:i* ought to unite !m4 ,!re is1 accord+ 
to ,jesus1 b "o ?+ ne$ful2 namely1 to be
 atta*$ to him exclusively3 a maxim v   
useful 9 m]it+ heav51 b calculat$ to    
de/roy e society on ! e>?4  ,aft] our   
mission>y _h sp5t "s "t 9 ! c\ntry ( !  
,g]as5es1 "o day t[>ds ! ev5+ he pass$  
ov] to ! o!r side ( ! lake1 hav+        
previ\sly dismiss$ ! p1 :o _h come t day
 on purpose to he> him2 b he did n      
prea*4 ,fatigu$1 he fell asleep on !    
passage1 :il/ a furi\s tempe/ ov]took ! 
%ip4 ,8 affright$ disciples1 impress$ ) 
! idea ( _! ma/] be+ m p[]ful :5 awake  
?an :5 asleep1 acqua9t$ him ) ! dang]4  
,?is drew on !m reproa*es = _! want (   
fai?1 :i*1 probably1 gave "t = ! tempe/ 
to subside4 ,!n ,jesus1 9 a tone (      
au?ority1 comm&$ ! sea to be /ill1 &    
imm$iately ! ord] 0 obey$4 ,9 spite (   
?is prodigy1 ! fai? ( ! disciples 0 = a 
long "t wav]+4 ,jesus aft] ?is return$  
to ! c\ntry ( ! ,g]as5es1 )\t hav+ ei!r 
prea*$ or p]=m$ miracles on ! o!r side4 
,,*apt] ,,vii4  ,,jesus ,,cures ,,two   

,,p]sons ,,possess$ ,,)                 
,,devils--,,miracle ,,( ,,!             
,,sw9e--,,wond]s ,,p]=m$ ,,by ,,jesus   
,,till ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,ye>   
,,( ,,8 ,,mission4   ,l&$ aga9 9 !      
c\ntry ( ! ,g]as5es1 ,jesus took a r\te 
by :i* no p]son _h = "s "t pass$4 ,two  
demoniacs1 inhabit+ ! tombs 9 !         
neighborhood1 r5d]$ ?is passage dang]\s4
 ,sc>cely _h ,jesus %[n himself1 :5 ^!  
madm5 ran to meet him4 ,z he 0 a        
connoisseur 9 matt]s ( possession1 he no
 soon] p]ceiv$ !m ?an he began to       
exorcise1 to make ! unclean spirits come
 out ( !m4 ,not)/&+ 8 div9e skill1 he   
acquitt$ himself v imp]fectly on ?is    
occasion4 ,x 0 n ) "o devil1 b ) a      
legion ( devils he _h to deal4 ,"o ( !m1
 amus$ at ! mi/ake ( ! son ( ,god :o    
ask$ him 8 "n1 answ]$1 ,i am call$      
,legion4 ,on ?is ,jesus *ang$ 8         
batt]ies1 & 0 proce$+ to dislodge !m1 :5
 ! devils1 ob/9ate 9 cont9u+ 9 ! c\ntry1
 or v little desir\s ( return+ to hell1 
propos$ a capitulation4 ,"o ( ! articles

 /ipulat$1 t on leav+ ! body ( !        
possess$1 !y %\ld ent] into a h]d (     
sw9e1 :i* f$ close by on ! declivity ( a
 hill4 ,jesus readily agre$1 = once1 to 
grant some?+ on ! pray] ( ! devils1 & n 
to use 8 au?ority rigor\sly4 ,nei!r he  
nor 8 disciples1 z good ,jews1 ate pork3
 he suppos$1 !re=e1 t sw9e1 prohibit$ by
 ! law1 might well s]ve = a retreat to  
devils4 ,he cons5t$ to ! treaty2 !      
demons came out ( _! =m] resid5ce to    
ent] into ! sw9e1 :o1 feel+ ,satan )9   
!m1 7 ?r[n into commotion1 or1 p]haps1 7
 t]rifi$--a v natural ?+2 & hav+        
precipitat$ !mselves into ! sea1 7 dr[n$
 to ! numb] ( ab\t two ?\s&4 ,if a      
legion ( devils is compos$ ( ! same     
numb] z a ,roman legion1 we mu/ believe 
t !re 7 six ?\s& devils4 ,?is evid5tly  
makes ?ree devils = ea* hog1 a suffici5t
 numb] to induce !m to commit suicide4  
,"s grave au?ors assure u1 t ,jesus nev]
 laugh$1 nor ev5 smil$2 yet x is v      
difficult to believe1 t ! son ( ,god    
c\ld pres]ve 8 gravity aft] p]=m+ su* a 

trick4 ,b x did n appe> s humor\s to !  
h]dsm51 :o f\nd ?is f9e miracle s little
 pleasant t !y compla9$ ( x to _!       
employ]s1 & ran to ! city2 :]e ! affair 
0 no soon] kn[n ?an ! proprietors ( !   
sw9e1 f> f be+ conv]t$1 bewail$ a       
prodigy s ru9\s to !m1 & ma9ta9$ t x 0 a
 matt] ( public conc]n4 ,! ,g]as5es w5t 
9 a body to oppose ! entry ( ,jesus into
 _! city1 &1 f inability to puni%1      
bes\ght him to leave _! t]ritory z soon 
z possible4 ,su* 0 ! effect :i* !       
miracle ( s5d+ devils into ! sw9e       
produc$4  ,?is memorable transaction mu/
 be true1 = x is atte/$ by ?ree         
evangeli/s1 :o1 h[ev]1 v>y 9 "s         
circum/ances4 ,mat!w in=ms u1 t !       
possess$ 7 two 9 numb]2 ,m>k & ,luke    
ma9ta9 t !re 0 only "o2 b s furi\s1     
accord+ to ,m>k1 t !y c\ld n b9d him ev5
 ) fett]s4 ,luke is c]ta9 t ! devil     
frequ5tly c>ri$ him into ! des]ts2 ,m>k 
affirms t he sp5t 8 days & nights 9 !   
tombs1 & on ! neighbor+ m\nta9s4 ,on ?is
 occasion ,jesus 0 also proclaim$ ,*ri/ 

by ! devil4 ,z he 0 among 8 fri5ds1 or  
disciples1 he did n enjo9 sil5ce to     
,satan4 ,! ackn[l$gem5t 0 useful :5 giv5
 9 private1 & c\ld n hurt him2 b !re 7  
occasions on :i* x might d h>m if made 9
 public4 ,x 0 necess>y1 !re=e1 our      
puissant miracle-work] %\ld be          
circumspect1 especially :5 he did n     
p]ceive himself suffici5tly support$4   
,unbeliev]s discov] important errors1 & 
evid5t m>ks ( falsehood 9 ! n>rative1   
:i* also appe>s ridicul\s1 #a/1 ,!y are 
surpris$ to see devils1 :o1 accord+ to  
,*ri/ians1 are condemn$ to et]nal       
torm5ts 9 hell1 leav+ x to take         
possession ( ! inhabitants ( ?is e>?4   
#b;dly1 ,!y are a/oni%$ at see+ ! devils
 address pray]s to ! son ( ,god4 ,x is  
an article ( ,*ri/ian fai?1 t to pray1  
grace is requisite2 t ! damn$ _c pray2 &
 mu* m1 t ?is grace mu/ be d5i$ to !    
*ief ( ! damn$4 #c;dly1 ,! incr$ul\s are
 (f5d$ at a miracle by :i* ,jesus       
b5efitt$ two p]sons possess$ ) devils1  
at ! exp5se ( ! proprietors ( two ?\s&  

sw9e1 to :om ?is miracle co/ at lea/    
eighte5 ?\s& doll>s2--a transaction n q 
agreeable to ! rules ( equity4 #d?ly1 ,x
 _c be conceiv$ h[ ,jews1 :om _! law    
inspir$ ) horror t[>ds sw9e1 c\ld h h]ds
 ( ^! animals among !m1 & :i* !y c\ld n 
ev5 t\* )\t be+ defil$2 &1 #e?ly1 ,x is 
indecor\s to make ! son ( ,god ent] into
 a compromise ) devils2 ridicul\s to    
make !m ent] into sw9e2 & unju/ to make 
!m ent] into & de/roy o!r p's prop]ty4  
,we are n in=m$ :at became ( ^! devils  
aft] be+ precipitat$ into ! sea4 ,x is n
 unreasonable to believe1 t1 9 com+ out 
( ! sw9e1 !y ent]$ into ! ,jews1 to     
procure ! savi\r ! pleasure ( ca/+ !m   
out aga92 = ! cur+ ( p possess$ 01 ( all
 miracles1 t 9 :i* he 0 mo/ exp]t4  ,!  
possess$ p]son cur$ by ,jesus1 p5etrat$ 
) gratitude to 8 physician1 ) :om he 0  
p]haps previ\sly acqua9t$1 want$ to     
foll[ ,jesus1 accord+ to ,m>k2 b x 0    
=ese5 t 8 te/imony might become         
suspici\s if he put himself 9 ! tra9 ( !
 messiah1 :o1 !re=e1 *ose r t he %\ld   

repair to 8 family1 & ann\nce ! m]cies  
he _h receiv$ f ! ,"l4 ,he 0 a native ( 
,decapolis1 a c\ntry1 z we h se51 v mu* 
dispos$ to cr$ulity4 ,accord+ly1 z soon 
z ! man _h !re rec\nt$ ?is adv5ture1 e  
body 0 transport$ ) admiration4 ,we are1
 h[ev]1 a/oni%$ at ! diff]5ce betwe5 ^! 
folks1 s rem>kable = a docile fai?1 & ! 
,g]as5es3--! inhabitants ( ,decapolis   
believe all )\t see+ any ?+1 :il/ !     
,g]as5es1 eye witnesses ( ! prodigy1 are
 n mov$ by x1 & uncivilly refuse ,jesus 
admittance into _! city4 ,we commonly   
f9d 9 ! gospel1 t to witness a miracle  
is a v /rong reason = n believ+ x4  ,!  
h>dness ( he>t & unbelief ( ! ,g]as5es1 
& p>ticul>ly ! reque/ !y made to !      
messiah n to come among !m1 oblig$ him  
to re-emb>k ) 8 disciples & return to   
,galilee1 :]e he 0 v k9dly receiv$4 ,x  
is n1 h[ev]1 relat$ :e!r he prea*$ &    
p]=m$ miracles2 ev5 ! "t he cont9u$ !re 
is n accurately kn[n4--,! fri5ds (      
,jesus1 & ! relations ( 8 disciples &   
"m1 receiv$1 x appe>s1 f "t to "t1      

intellig5ce ( 8 wond]s1 :i* !y took c>e 
to circulate2 &1 on le>n+ t !y want$    
him1 he return$ to ,cap]naum4 ,sc>cely 0
 8 arrival kn[n1 :5 ! p1 always fond (  
s]mons & miracles1 resort$ to him 9     
cr[ds4 ,nei!r 8 h\se nor ! space be=e ! 
door c\ld conta9 ! multitude2 he requir$
 ! voice ( a ,/5tor to make himself he>d
 at ! extremities ( ! cr[d2 b ! idl]s1  
cont5t ) foll[+ him )\t kn[+ :y1 7 v    
little tr\bl$ ab\t und]/&+ 8 orations4  
,! ,ph>isees1 to :om ,jesus' success    
began to give umbrage1 resolv$ to       
satisfy !mselves1 if !re 0 any reality 9
 :at 0 report$ ( him4 ,"s doctors (     
,gallilee1 :o 7 n ( ! numb] ( our       
mission>y's admir]s1 repair$ to him4 ,!y
 he>d him prea*1 & came f 8 s]mons m    
possess$ aga9/ him3 ev5 8 miracles c\ld 
n conv]t !m1 ?\gh1 accord+ to ,luke1 !  
p[] ( ! ,"l 0 display$ 9 _! pres5ce 9 ! 
cure ( ! sick4 ,b1 z has be5 rem>k$1 !  
miracles ( ! messiah 7 calculat$ to     
conv9ce ^? only :o did n see !m4 ,?us x 
is1 t ^! miracles are believ$ at pres5t 

by p :o w\ld n cr$it ^? p]=m$ 9 _!      
pres5ce4  ,f\r m5 :o c>ri$ a p>alytic on
 8 b$1 unable to p5etrate ?r\gh ! cr[d1 
7 advis$ to asc5d ) ! burd5 to ! ro( ( !
 h\se1 &1 mak+ an op5+ !re1 to let d[n !
 sick man 9 8 b$1 & lay him at !        
physician's feet4 ,! idea appe>$ +5i\s &
 new to ! latt]1 & indicat$ fir/ rate   
fai?2 accord+ly1 address+ ! sick man1 he
 said1 ,my son1 be ( good c\rage1 ?y s9s
 are =giv5 !e4 ,?is absolution or       
remission1 0 pron\nc$ s z to be he>d by 
! emiss>y doctors1 :o 7 highly (f5d$ at 
x4 ,jesus1 div9+ _! dispositions1       
address$ 8 disc\rse to !m--,:y d y suff]
 wick$ ?\ghts to ent] into y\r he>ts8   
:i* is easi] to say to ?is p>alytic1 ?y 
s9s are =giv5 !e2 or to say to him1     
,arise1 take up ?y b$ & walk4 ,?is "q1  
boldly propos$ 9 ! mid/ ( a fanatical p1
 ! sport ( prejudice1 emb>rass$ !       
doctors1 :o did n ?9k prop] to reply4   
,jesus1 pr(it+ by _! emb>rassm5t1 said  
to ! p>alytic1 ,arise1 take up ?y b$1 & 
g into ?9e h\se4 ,?is prodigy impress$  

_! m9ds ) t]ror3 x especially made our  
doctors1 ! spies1 tremble1 :ile ! p     
exclaim$1 ,nev] h we se5 be=e any?+ s   
wond]ful4 ,b if ! doctors 7 afraid1 !y 7
 n conv]t$2 & not)/&+ ! cure ( !        
p>alytic1 !y _h no fai? 9 ! absolution  
grant$ by ,jesus4 ,x may1 !re=e1 be     
suppos$1 t ?is miracle 0 att5d$ )       
circum/ances :i* r5d]$ x suspici\s3     
p]haps ! gospel w enable u to discov]   
!m4  ,:5 ! same fact is diff]5tly relat$
 by diff]5t hi/orians equal 9 au?ority1 
we are con/ra9$ to d\bt x2 or1 at lea/1 
are entitl$ to d5y t x happ5$ 9 ! mann] 
suppos$4 ,?is pr9ciple ( criticism mu/  
apply to ! n>ratives ( ! gospel writ]s1 
z well z to ^? ( o!rs4 ,n[1 ,mat!w m]ely
 tells u1 t a p>alytic 0 pres5t$ to     
,jesus1 :o cur$ him1 )\t relat+ !       
wond]ful circum/ance ( ! ro( be+ p]=at$1
 & ! o!r ornam5ts ) :i* ,m>k & ,luke    
embelli%$ _! n>ratives4 ,?us1 ei!r we   
are 9 ! "r 9 susp5d+ our belief z to ?is
 fact1 or we may believe t x has n      
occurr$ 9 ! mann] relat$ by ! two la/   

evangeli/s4 ,aga91 ,m>k & ,luke1 :o say 
t ! sick man 0 elevat$ on 8 b$ to ! top 
( ! h\se1 hav+ previ\sly in=m$ u ! cr[d 
0 s great t ! be>]s ( ! diseas$ 7 unable
 to =ce _! way1 suppose1 )\t express+ x 
9 words1 ano!r v great miracle4 ,!y make
 ! c>ri]s p5etrate ?r\gh ! cr[d4        
,arriv$1 we "k n h[1 at ! foot ( ! wall1
 !y c\ld n s+ly1 & f> less load$ ) !    
sick man1 climb up to ! ro( ( ! h\se4   
,luke says !y made an op5+ ?r\gh x4 ,9 t
 case ! p mu/ h p]ceiv$ !m1 p>ticul>ly1 
^? 9 ! inside ( ! h\se4 ,dur+ ! sil5t   
att5tion !y gave to ! disc\rse ( ,jesus1
 !y mu/ h he>d ! noise made by ! m5 9   
rais+ up a b$ to ! ro(1 & aft]w>ds      
uncov]+1 or mak+ a hole 9 x1 ?r\gh :i*  
to convey ! sick man4 ,?is op]ation     
became m difficult if ! ro(1 in/ead (   
be+ cov]$ ) tiles1 0 flat4 ,n[1 all !   
h\ses ( ! ,jews & ori5tals 71 & /ill    
are1 con/ruct$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,^!         
difficulties furni% suffici5t motives = 
d\bt+ ?is gr& miracle4 ,b x w become m  
probable1 if we suppose t ! sick man 0  

already 9 ! h\se ) ,jesus2 or t ?+s be+ 
previ\sly arrang$1 !y let d[n by a      
trap-door made on purpose1 a p>alytic   
mo/ c]ta9 ( be+ cur$ on comm& ( !       
messiah4 ,?is transaction might appe>   
m>vell\s to a populace dispos$ to see   
prodigies e :]e2 b x made less          
impression on ! doctors1 :o _h come     
purposely to scrut9ize ! conduct ( our  
adv5tur]4 ,!y conjectur$1 t x 0 dang]\s 
to contradict weak fanatics1 ?\gh !y did
 n cr$it ! miracle !y _h witness$4  ,"s 
days !reaft] ,jesus prea*$ along ! sea  
coa/1 & pass+ ne> ! cu/om-h\se1 p]ceiv$ 
,mat!w1 "o ( ! (fic]s1 :o sat !re4 ,8   
mi5 pleas$ ! messiah1 on ^: invitation !
 subalt]n f9anci] quitt$ 8 po/1 & foll[$
 him1 aft] hav+ giv5 a great ent]ta9m5t 
to ,jesus & 8 p>ty4 ,mat!w introduc$ 8  
new ma/] to publicans1 & toll           
collectors1 8 bre?r5 9 trade1 & o!rs (  
simil> repute4 ,! ,ph>isees & doctors1  
:o wat*$ our mission>y1 came to ,mat!w's
 h\se to be assur$ ( ! fact4 ,jesus1    
occupi$ ) gratify+ 8 appetite1 did n at 

fir/ obs]ve t he 0 wat*$4 ,"s words1    
h[ev]1 spok5 r l\dly1 attract$ 8        
att5tion3 x 0 ! doctors :o reproa*$ !   
disciples ) eat+ & dr9k+ ) p]sons (     
d\btful reputation4 ,h[1 probably said  
!y to !m1 h[ d>es y\r ma/]1 :o con/antly
 prea*es up virtue1 sobriety1 &         
rep5tance1 %[ himself publicly 9 su* bad
 company8 ,h[ c he associate ) knaves1  
monopoliz]s1 & m5 :om _! extortions r5d]
 odi\s to ! nation8 ,:y does he h 9 8   
tra9 wom5 ( bad lives1 su* z ,susan &   
,jane1 :o accompany him cont9ually8 ,!  
disciples1 attack$ 9 ?is mann]1 knew n  
h[ to reply2 b ,jesus1 )\t be+          
disconc]t$1 answ]$ ) a prov]b3--,x is n 
! :ole1 said he1 b ! sick :o h ne$ ( a  
physician4 ,aft] ?is he cit$ a passage (
 scripture1 :i* _c n[ be f\nd--,le>n1   
said he1 ! tru? ( ?is say+1 ,i love m]cy
 bett] ?an sacrifice4 ,x appe>s !       
doctors did n consid] !mselves defeat$1 
& ,jesus 0 s transport$ ) zeal z to say1
 t he came n to call ! righte\s b s9n]s 
to rep5tance4 ,9 t case1 :y did he      

reject ! ,ph>isees & doctors1 :om he    
call$ :it5$ sepul*res8 ,if ! adv]s>ies (
 ,jesus 7 n righte\s1 !y 7 s9n]s1 :om he
 0 come to call to rep5tance2           
consequ5tly he ought n to h r5\nc$ !m4  
,:atev] reason ,jesus might h to        
palliate or ju/ify 8 conduct1 x 0 v soon
 publi%$ abroad4 ,john ,bapti/'s        
disciples :o he>d x1 & :om1 p]haps1     
jeal\sly excit$1 came 9 se>* ( him1 &   
ask$ ! reason ( ! diff]5ce 9 ! life he &
 8 disciples l$1 & t :i* !y !mselves    
foll[$4 ,we fa/1 7said !y7 cont9ually1  
:il/ y & y\r foll[]s enjoy good *e]4 ,we
 practise au/]ities1 & live 9 retirem5t1
 :il/ y run ab\t & frequ5tly keep       
company ) p]sons ( evil repute1 c4 ,!   
reproa* 0 emb>rass+1 b ,jesus contriv$  
to evade x4 ,! fri5ds ( ! bridegroom1   
7repli$ he17 ought nei!r to fa/1 nor    
live 9 sorr[ :il/ !y h ! bridegroom )   
!m2 a "t w come :5 ! bridegroom %all be 
tak5 away f !m2 & !n !y %all fa/4 ,no   
man putte? a piece ( new clo? on an old 
g>m5t--nei!r d m5 put new w9e into old  

bottles3 & no p]son asks = new w9e :5 he
 c get old1 = he f9ds ! old bett]4      
,john's disciples _h no reply to reasons
 s sublime & conv9c+4 ,! enigmatical    
symbol1 or pomp\s bomba/1 by :i* ,jesus 
got out ( ?is affair1 is closely imitat$
 by our mod]n prea*]s1 :o f9d x v prop] 
argum5t to %ut ! m\?s ( ^? :o are n     
incl9$ to dispute et]nally ab\t :at !y d
 n und]/&4  ,?is incid5t demon/rates1 t 
! ,ph>isees & doctors 7 n ! only p]sons 
:o 7 (f5d$ ) ,jesus1 & ! company he     
kept4 ,9 ! epi/les1 ascrib$ to ,b>nabas1
 t apo/le says expressly1 t ! apo/les1  
:om ! ,"l *ose1 7 v wick$ m51 & above   
all s9n]s iniquit\s4 ,! fact is also    
confirm$ 9 ,mat!w ix41 ,m>k ii4 & ,luke 
v4 ,?is evid5tly decides ! cause 9 fav\r
 ( ! p>tizans ( lax morality1 & furni%es
 !m ) victori\s arms aga9/ ! mod]n      
puritans4 ,we may also rem>k1 t !       
actions & expressions ( ,jesus on ?is   
occasion1 au?orise ! conduct & language 
( our holy guides1 our lords ! bi%ops1  
:o :5 reproa*$ ) _! iniquit\s behavi\r1 

%ut our m\?s by av]r+1 t we ought to d z
 !y tell u1 & n :at !y d6  ,x _c be     
d5i$1 t ! discrepancy :i* exi/$ betwe5 !
 conduct ( ,jesus & ! pr9ciples ( !     
,jews1 or ev5 9 8 own doctr9e1 requir$  
extraord9>y miracles to prove 8 mission4
 ,he 0 n ignorant ( ?is2 prodigies1     
!re=e1 7 commonly ! /ronge/ ( 8         
argum5ts2 ^! 7 well calculat$ to ga9 !  
vulg>1 :o nev] value !mselves on        
reason+1 b are ready to applaud ! man :o
 exhibits wond]s1 & acquires ! secret ( 
pleas+ _! fancy4  ,aft] ,jesus _h sil5c$
 ,john's disciples1 ! *ief ( a synagogue
 wait$ on him1 & bes\ght him to come &  
lay h&s on 8 daught]1 twelve ye>s old1  
:o 0 dead1 accord+ to ,mat!w1 b :o 0    
only v sick1 accord+ to ,m>k & ,luke2 a 
diff]5ce :i* seems to m]it "s att5tion4 
,jesus compli$ ) ! invitation2 & :il/   
proce$+ to ! h\se ov]heat$ himself s mu*
 t a virtue w5t out ( him suffici5t to  
cure all :o 7 9 its atmosph]e4 ,we %all 
n =m conjectures on ! nature ( ?is      
virtue or div9e transpiration4 ,we %all 

only rem>k1 t x 0 s pot5t z             
in/antane\sly to cure a woman afflict$ =
 twelve ye>s ) an issue ( blood2 a      
disease :i*1 probably1 ! spectators _h n
 bett] v]ifi$ ?an its cure4 ,on ?is     
occasion1 ,jesus p]ceiv+ t !re _h gone  
out ( him a consid]able portion (       
virtue1 turn$ t[>ds ! afflict$ female1  
:om 8 disciples _h rudely pu%$ back1 &  
see+ h] pro/rate at 8 feet1 ,daught]1   
7said he7 be ( good *e]1 ?y fai? ha?    
made !e :ole4 ,! poor woman1 :om !      
disciples _h intimidat$1 *>m$ ) be+     
reliev$ f h] fright 9 s easy a mann]1   
confess$ op5ly %e 0 cur$4  ,:5 our      
miracle p]=m] 0 arriv$ at ! h\se (      
,jairus1 ! *ief ( ! synagogue1 x 0      
ann\nc$ to ! latt] t 8 daught] _h       
expir$1 & t ! h\se 0 full ( m9/rels1 :o 
7 p]=m+ a dirge or m\rnful conc]t       
accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry4 ,jesus1  
:o on ! way _h got ! fa!r ( ! girl to   
prattle1 0 n disconc]t$ at ! news4 ,he  
began ) mak+ e body retire1 & !n by     
virtue ( "s words rais$ h] f ! dead4  ,9

 hi/orical matt]s we mu/ pref] two      
writ]s :o agree1 to a ?ird :o           
contradicts !m4 ,luke & ,m>k affirm t ! 
damsel 0 dead2 b "h un=tunately x is !  
h]o himself :o weak5s 8 victory4 ,on _! 
say+ t %e 0 dead1 he affirm$ t %e 0 only
 asleep4 ,!re are girls :o at twelve    
ye>s ( age are subject to su* swoons4   
,on ! o!r h&1 ! fa!r ( ! damsel appe>s  
to h acqua9t$ ! physician ) ! condition 
( 8 *ild2 & he1 m 9 ! secret ?an o!rs1  
did n believe ! intellig5ce ( h] dea?4  
,he ent]$ alone into h] *amb]1 well     
assur$ ( h] recov]y if %e 0 only 9 a    
swoon3 if he _h f\nd h] dead1 !re is e  
reason to believe1 he w\ld h return$1 & 
told ! fa!r t he _h be5 call$ too late1 
& regret$ ! accid5t4  ,jesus did n wi% t
 ?is miracle %\ld be publi%$2 he =bade !
 fa!r & "m ( ! damsel to tell :at _h    
happ5$4 ,our *>latan 0 n solicit\s to   
divulge an affair :i* might increase !  
indignation ( ! ,jews ( ,j]usalem1 :i!r 
he 0 soon to repair to celebrate !      
passov]4 ,! acc\nt ( ?is miracle seems  

to ev9ce t ! ,son ( ,god _h acquir$ "s  
smatt]+ ( m$ic9e 9 ,egypt4 ,x appe>s t  
he 0 v]sant 9 ! spasmodic diseases (    
wom52 & no m 0 want+ to induce ! vulg>  
to reg>d him z a sorc]]1 or p]=m] (     
miracles4  ,once 9 ! way ( p]=m+ wond]s1
 ,jesus did n re/ satisfi$ ) "o m]ely4  
,accord+ to ,mat!w1 7:o alone relates ! 
facts we are n[ to notice17 two bl9d m5 
:o foll[$ him began to exclaim1 ,son (  
,david1 h m]cy on u4 ,?\gh ,jesus1 9 8  
quality ( ,god1 knew ! mo/ secret ?\ghts
 ( m51 he *ose to be viva voce assur$ ( 
! disposition ( ! sick ) :om he _h      
int]c\rse4 ,he ask$1 if !y _h mu* fai?1 
or if !y s9c]ely believ$ t he 0 able to 
d :at !y reque/$ ( him4 ,our bl9d folks 
answ]$ 9 ! affirmative2 !n t\*+ _! eyes1
 ,be x unto y1 said he1 accord+ to y\r  
fai?1 & in/antly !y receiv$ _! sight4   
,we "k n h[ to reconcile su* lively fai?
 9 two bl9d m51 ) _! disob$i5ce4 ,_!    
physician1 :o might h good reasons = n  
be+ kn[n1 expressly =bade !m to speak ( 
_! cure2 !y1 h[ev]1 spread x in/antly   

?r\gh ! c\ntry4 ,! sil5ce ( ^? :o 7     
witnesses ( ?is great miracle1 is n m   
a/oni%+ ?an ! indiscretion ( ! bl9d m5  
:o 7 ! objects ( x4 ,a fact /ill m      
miracul\s is ! obduracy ( ! ,jews1 :o 7 
s /ubborn1 t ! _m wond]s p]=m$ "o aft]  
ano!r & on ! same day1 7 n able to      
conv9ce !m4 ,jesus1 f> f be+ disc\rag$1 
det]m9$ /ill to exhibit specim5s ( 8    
p[]4 ,a dumb man1 possess$ ) a devil1   
be+ pres5t$ to him1 he expell$ ! demon &
 ! dumb began to speak4 ,at sight ( ?is 
miracle1 ! p1 z usual1 7 9 extasy1 :il/ 
! ph>isees & doctors1 :o _h also        
exorci/s among !m1 saw no?+ surpris+ 9  
x3 !y pret5d$ t _! exorci/s p]=m$ _!    
conjurations 9 ! "n ( ,god1 :il/ ,jesus 
op]at$ 9 ! "n ( ! devil4 ,?us !y accus$ 
,jesus ( ca/+ out ! devil by ! devil1   
:i* 0 inde$ a contradiction4 ,b ?is did 
n prove ! div9ity ( ,jesus2 x prov$ only
 t ! ,ph>isees 7 capable ( talk+ nons5se
 & contradict+ !mselves1 l all          
sup]/iti\s & cr$ul\s p4 ,:5 !ologi/s    
dispute1 we soon discov] t ! wrangl]s on

 bo? sides speak nons5se2 &1 by         
contradict+ !mselves1 impugn _! own     
au?ority4     ,,*apt] ,,viii4  ,,( ,,:at
 ,,jesus ,,did ,,at ,,j]usalem ,,dur+   
,,! ,,second ,,passov] ,,9 ,,8          
,,mission4   ,our doctor hav+ clos$ !   
fir/ ye> ( 8 mission 9 a glori\s mann]1 
he proce$$ to ,j]usalem1 to try 8 =tune1
 & ga!r ! fruits ( 8 lab\r1 or =m a p>ty
 9 ! capital1 aft] hav+ acquir$ adh]5ts 
9 ! c\ntry4 ,!re 0 reason to expect t ! 
wond]s :i* he _h p]=m$ ! ye> prec$+ 9   
,galilee1 w\ld h a p[]ful effect on !   
populace ( ,j]usalem2 b !y produc$      
consequ5ces opposite to ^? :i* ,jesus _h
 hop$ =4 ,x might be said t ! inf]nal   
legion :i* he _h s5t into ! sw9e ( !    
,g]as5es1 _h return$ & fix$ _! abode 9 !
 heads ( ! inhabitants ( ! c\ntry4 ,!   
gospel %[s 9 ! =m] an incr$ible h>dness 
( he>t4 ,9 va9 ,jesus wr\ght be=e _!    
eyes a multitude ( prodigies1 calculat$ 
to confirm ! wond]s relat$ to !m2 9 va9 
did he employ 8 div9e rhetoric to       
demon/rate ! div9ity ( 8 mission4 ,8    

ef=ts s]v$ only to increase ! ang] ( 8  
enemies1 & induce !m to devise means to 
puni% him :om !y p]si/$ 9 reg>d+ z a    
juggl]1 a *>latan1 & a dang]\s impo/or4 
,x is true1 ! adv]s>ies ( ,jesus        
surpris$ him sometimes at fault--,!y    
reproa*$ him ) violat+ ! ord9ances ( a  
law v5]at$ by !m z sacr$1 & f :i* he _h 
promis$ nev] to dep>t4 ,!y reg>d$ ^!    
violations z a pro( ( h]esy1 & x did n  
ent] _! heads t a ,god c\ld raise       
himself above ord9>y rules1 & possess ! 
"r ( *ang+ e ?+4 ,!y 7 ,jews1 & !re=e   
ob/9ately atta*$ to _! ord9ances2 & !y  
did n conceive h[ a true mess5g] ( ,god 
c\ld all[ himself to trample "u foot1   
:at !y 7 accu/om$ to reg>d z sacr$ &    
agreeable to ,deity4  ,s _m ob/acles did
 n disc\rage ,jesus4 ,he det]m9$ to     
succe$ at any price2 & ?\gh he might h  
=ese5 :at w\ld be ! issue ( 8 ent]prise1
 he 0 s5sible he mu/ conqu] or die2 t   
=tune fav\rs only ! brave2 & t x 0      
necess>y to play an illu/ri\s "p1 or    
tamely cons5t to langui% 9 mis]y 9 !    

solitude ( "s obscure village 9         
,galilee4  ,on arriv+ at ,j]usalem1 he  
devot$ 8 att5tion to sick paup]s--! ri* 
_h _! own physicians4 ,at ?is "t !re 0 9
 ! city1 & ne> ! %eep port1 a f\nta91 or
 pool1 ( :i*1 ) ! exception ( ! gospel1 
no hi/orian has ev] spok51 ?\gh1 x well 
des]v$ to be transmitt$ to po/]ity4 ,x 0
 a va/ edifice1 surr\nd$ ) five         
magnific5t gall]ies1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* 0 a
 %eet ( wat]1 t possess$ admirable      
prop]ties2 b ^! 7 kn[n only to indig5t p
 & m5dicants2 & !y knew !m1 d\btless1 by
 a p>ticul> revelation4 ,"u ^! gall]ies 
7 soon langui%+ a great numb] ( sick    
p]sons1 :o pati5tly wait$ = a miracle4  
,god1 on giv+ to ! wat] ( ?is pool !    
faculty ( cur+ all diseases1 _h annex$ a
 condition to x--,! fir/ :o c\ld plunge 
!re9 aft] an angel _h tr\bl$ x1 :i*     
happ5$ only at a c]ta9 "t1 c\ld alone   
obta9 ! b5efit ( a cure4 ,! *ief        
magi/rate ( ,j]usalem1 :o probably knew 
no?+ ( ! exi/5ce ( ?is extraord9>y      
f\nta91 _h n e/abli%$ any regulation    

respect+ x4 ,! mo/ =w>d & agile1 & su* z
 _h fri5ds always 9 read9ess to lead !m 
to ! wat] :5 x 0 tr\bl$1 succe$$ (t5 9  
obta9+ deliv]ance f _! diseases4  ,a    
p>alytic _h be5 !re = ?irty-eight ye>s1 
)\t any "o hav+ _h ! *>ity to l5d him a 
help+ h& 9 desc5d+ to ! f\nta94 ,jesus1 
:o beheld him ly+1 ask$ him if he want$ 
to be cur$8 ,yes1 answ]$ ! sick man1 b  
,i h nobody to put me into ! wat] :5 x  
is tr\bl$4 ,t signifies no?+1 7repli$   
,jesus17 ,arise1 take up ?y b$ & walk4  
,?is wret*$ man1 p]haps n unlike _m (   
our begg>s1 :o1 to s(t5 ! public1 feign$
 diseases1 & :o on ?is occasion might be
 ga9$ ov] by "s trifle to be access>y to
 ! f>ce2 ?is mis]able1 we say1 did n    
leave him to speak twice--on ! ord] (   
,jesus he took up 8 c\* & dep>t$4  ,?is 
cure 0 p]=m$ on ! ,sabba?4 ,our p>alytic
 hav+ be5 met by a man ( ! law1 ! latt] 
reprim&$ him = violat+ ! ord9ances (    
religion by c>ry+ 8 b$4 ,! transgressor 
_h no o!r excuse to give1 b1 t he :o _h 
cur$ him _h comm&$ him s to d4 ,he 0 !n 

que/ion$ ab\t ! p]son :o _h giv5 ?is    
ord]1 b he knew no?+ ( him4 ,jesus _h n 
said :o he 02 &1 z if ! act _h be5 v    
trifl+1 ! p]son on :om ! miracle 0 p]=m$
 _h n in=m$ himself ( ! au?or ( x4 ,"h !
 matt] end$2 b ,jesus hav+ "s "t aft]   
met ! p>alytic1 made himself kn[n to    
him1 & !n ! latt] in=m$ ! ,jews ( ! "n (
 8 physician4 ,! prie/s 7 s irritat$1 t 
f ?is in/ant !y =m$ ! design ( putt+    
,jesus to dea?1 because1 accord+ to     
,john1 he _h done ^! ?+s on ! ,sabba?   
day4  ,x is n probable t ?is 0 ! true   
cause ( ! rage ( ! ,jews4 ,h[ev]        
scrupul\s we suppose !m1 x is presum$ t 
_! physicians did n ?9k !mselves oblig$ 
to refuse m$ic9es to ! sick on !        
,sabba?4 ,jesus1 n cont5t ) cur+1 also  
au?oris$ ^? he cur$ to violate ! ,sabba?
 by c>ry+ _! b$1 :i* 0 a s]vile "w2 or r
 ^! unbeliev]s reg>d$ ! miracles ( !    
savi\r z m]e delusions1 impo/ures1      
tricks ( dext]ity1 & himself z a *eat :o
 might excite di/urbances4  ,jesus hav+ 
le>n$ t ! ,jews 7 ill dispos$ t[>ds him1

 attempt$ to ju/ify himself4 ,he made a 
spee* to prove t he 0 ! ,son ( ,god1 & t
 8 ,fa!r au?oris$ him n to obs]ve !     
,sabba?4 ,b he took c>e n to expla9     
himself v di/9ctly on ?is filiation2 &  
by 8 ambigu\s language1 ins9uat$ !      
et]nity ( 8 fa!r1 ?\gh he did n call him
 ,god4 ,yet ! ,jews p]ceiv+ 8 object1 7 
v mu* (f5d$ at ?is pret5sion4 ,he *ang$1
 !re=e1 8 gr\nd1 & ?rew himself on !    
necessity by :i* he act$4 ,v]ily1 said  
he to !m1 ! ,son does no?+ ( himself1 b 
:at he see? ! ,fa!r d4 ,! ,fa!r1 :o     
loves him1 %ewe? him all ?+s t he       
himself doe?1 & he w %[ him great] works
 ?an ^!4 ,by ^! expressions1 ,jesus     
seems to ov]?r[ 8 own et]nity & inf9ite 
k2 = he ann\nces himself z susceptible (
 le>n+ some?+1 or z ! pupil ( !         
,div9ity4  ,to impress ! m9ds ( ^!      
unbeliev]s1 :om 8 enigmatical language  
c\ld n conv9ce1 he decl>$ t h5ce=? !    
,fa!r w\ld no long] int]f]e 9 judg+ m51 
b _h devolv$ t c>e on 8 ,son4 ,?is1     
h[ev]1 _h no effect2 z ! ,jews expect$ a

 great judge1 !y 7 n yet /agg]$4 ,jesus1
 l our mod]n tea*]s1 = want ( bett]     
argum5ts proce$$ to intimidate 8        
audi5ce1 kn[+ well t fe> prev5ts !      
ex]cise ( reason4 ,he gave !m to und]/&1
 t ! end ( ! _w 0 ne>1 :i* ought to make
 !m tremble4  ,! te/imony ( ,john       
,bapti/1 _h facilitat$ ! fir/ successes 
( ,jesus2 b ! diff]5ce rem>k$ betwe5 8  
conduct & t ( ! =]unn]1 de/roy$ ! =ce ( 
?is te/imony4 ,our orator pret5d$ to h  
no ne$ ( x & endeavor$ to weak5 its     
value4 ,he 0 a burn+ & a %9+ light to   
!m2 y 7 will+ = a season to rejoice 9 8 
light2 ,i h a great] witness ?an 84 ,"h 
he appeal$ to 8 own works1 :i* he       
ma9ta9$ to be infallible pro(s ( 8 div9e
 mission4 ,he und\bt$ly =got at ?is     
mom5t1 t he spoke to p :o reg>d$ 8      
m>vell\s de$s z delusions & impo/ures4  
,8 works 7 precisely ! ?+ :i* x 0       
necess>y to prove ev5 to ! ,jews1 :o saw
 !m p]=m$6 ,?is mann] ( reason+ has be5 
s9ce adopt$ ) success by ,*ri/ian       
doctors1 :o1 :5 d\bts or objections are 

advanc$ aga9/ ! mission ( ,jesus1 appeal
 to 8 miracul\s works1 :i* 7 at all     
times incapable ( conv9c+ ! v p]sons :om
 !y tell u _h be5 witnesses ( !m4       
,among ! pro(s employ$ by ,jesus to     
exalt 8 mission1 he advanc$ "o1 ! t5d5cy
 ( :i* is to de/roy ! mission ( ,moses1 
& cause him to be reg>d$ z an impo/or4  
,he told !m1 ,y h nev] he>d ! voice ( my
 ,fa!r2 :il/ x 0 on ! voice ( ?is ,fa!r1
 ( :om ,moses 0 ! int]pret]1 t ! law ( !
 ,jews 0 f\nd$4 ,aft] hav+ annihilat$ ! 
au?ority ( scripture1 our orator wi%$ to
 prop 8 mission on ! same scriptures1 by
 :i* he pret5d$ he 0 ann\nc$4 ,fe> says 
he1 ! ,fa!r2 ,i w n be ! p]son :o w     
accuse y be=e him2 x w be ,moses1 9 :om 
y tru/1 because y believe n 9 him2 = if 
y believ$ 9 him1 y w\ld also believe 9  
me4 ,i am come 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & y pay
 no att5tion to x2 ano!r w come 9 8 own 
"n1 & y w believe 9 him4  ,! he>]s ( ?is
 s]mon 7 n mov$ by x3 !y consid]$ x     
unconnect$1 contradictory1 & blasphem\s2
 ! fe> ( see+ ! end ( ! _w arrive1 did n

 h9d] !m f p]ceiv+ ! want ( j inf]5ce 9 
! orator1 :o took away f 8 ,fa!r1 &     
re/or$ to him ! quality ( judge ( m51   
:i* he _h at fir/ appropriat$ to        
himself4 ,besides1 x w\ld appe> ! ,jews 
7 ( good c\rage z to ?is end ( ! _w1 :i*
 ev5ts _h s (t5 beli$4 ,_! po/]ity1 :o  
beheld ! _w subsi/+ aft] ?is1 not)/&+ ! 
express pr$iction ( ,jesus & 8          
disciples1 h f\nd$ _! repugnance = 8    
doctr9e1 among o!r ?+s1 on ?is want (   
accompli%m5t4 ,f 8 sublime disc\rse !   
incr$ul\s conclude1 t x is v difficult =
 an impo/] to speak long )\t contradict+
 & expos+ himself4  ,! inefficacy ( ?is 
h>angue conv9c$ ,jesus t x 0 9 va9 to   
rely on miracles1 9 ord] to draw ov] !  
,jews ( ,j]usalem4 ,he =bore to p]=m !m1
 ?\gh ! fe/ival ( ! passov] might furni%
 him ) a fav\rable opportunity4 ,x      
appe>s he 0 completely disgu/$ ) !      
incr$ulity ( ^! wret*es1 :o %[$ !mselves
 no way dispos$ to witness ! great ?+s  
:i* he _h exhibit$ ) success to !       
inhabitants ( ,galilee4 ,to make        

miracles pass 9 a capital1 !re mu/ be a 
great] %>e ( cr$ulity ?an 9 ! c\ntry4   
,besides1 if ! populace are well dispos$
 ev5 9 l>ge cities1 ! magi/rates & bett]
 in=m$ oppose a bulw>k to imposition4 ,!
 same ?+ happ5$ to ,jesus 9 ,j]usalem4  
,p]haps he despair$ ( ! salvation ( ^!  
infidels1 = dur+ ! %ort "t he soj\rn$ 9 
t city1 he kept no measures ) !m1 b     
load$ !m ) abusive language4 ,x does n  
appe>1 h[ev]1 t ?is plan ga9$           
proselytes1 ?\gh s9ce t "t 8 disciples &
 ! prie/s h frequ5tly endeavor$ to      
succe$ by simil> means1 & ev5 by        
co]cion4  ,9 ?is j\rney1 ,jesus _h no   
success--8 disciples did n meet ) good  
*e]2 to su/a9 life !y 7 r$uc$ to !      
necessity ( tak+ a little corn 9 !      
environs ( ! city2 & 7 caught 9 ?is     
occupation on ! ,sabba? day4 ,compla9t 0
 made to _! ma/]2 b no satisfaction c\ld
 be obta9$4 ,he repli$ to ! ,ph>isees1  
by comp>+ :at 8 disciples _h done ) !   
conduct ( ,david1 :o1 on an em]g5cy1    
ate1 & also made 8 foll[]s eat1 ! %ew   

bread1 ! use ( :i* 0 res]v$ = ! prie/s1 
add+1 t ! ,sabba? 0 made = man1 & n man 
= ! ,sabba?2 !re=e1 he conclud$1 ! ,son 
( man is ,"l ( ! ,sabba?4  ,critics h   
rem>k$ 9 sev]al circum/ances ( ! life ( 
,jesus1 t he 0 frequ5tly liable to      
commit mi/akes4 ,= example1 on !        
occasion we speak (1 he gave ! "n (     
,abia?> to ! high prie/ :o p]mitt$      
,david to eat ! %ew bread4 ,! ,holy ,_s1
 h[ev]1 in=ms u1 9 ! fir/ book ( ,k+s1 t
 ?is high prie/ 0 call$ ,a*imele*4 ,!   
error w\ld be no?+ if an ord9>y man _h  
fall5 into x1 b x becomes emb>rass+ 9 a 
man-,god1 or 9 ,god made man1 :om we    
ought to suppose incapable ( blund]s4   
,on ! same occasion1 ,jesus ma9ta9$ t ! 
prie/s !mselves violat$ ! ,sabba?1 by   
s]v+ ,god 9 ! temple on t day2 &1 ?is1  
accord+ to ! pr9ciples ( !ology1 is     
conf\nd+ s]vile works ) spiritual4 ,b   
?is is to h ! same idea ( a robb]y & (  
an oblation2 x is to tax ,god ) be+     
ignorant ( :at he did1 by orda9+1 at "o 
& ! same "t1 ! obs]vance & ! violation (

 a day :i* he _h consecrat$ to repose4  
,our doctors fur!r ju/ify ,jesus by     
say+1 t1 z ,god1 he 0 absolute ma/] (   
all ?+s4 ,b 9 t case he ought to h      
procur$ bett] f>e = 8 disciples4 ,x w\ld
 n h co/ him m to h p]mitt$ !m to       
encroa* on ! table ( "s ri* f9anci] (   
,j]usalem1 or ev5 t ( ! high prie/1 :o  
liv$ at ! exp5se ( ,god 8 ,fa!r1 ?an to 
p]mit 8 foll[]s to =age 9 ! fields ( !  
poor inhabitants ( ! c\ntry4 ,at lea/ x 
0 previ\sly necess>y to v]ify su*       
sov]eignty ov] all ?+s 9 ! eyes ( !     
,jews1 :o1 f n kn[+ ?is tru?1 7 (f5d$ at
 ! conduct :i* ! ,son ( ,god seem$ to   
au?orise4 ,x is app>5tly on ?is pr9ciple
 sev]al ,*ri/ian doctors h pret5d$1 t   
all ?+s app]ta9 to ! j2 t x is p]mitt$  
!m to seize on ! prop]ty ( infidels & ! 
unholy2 t ! cl]gy h a "r to levy        
contributions on ! p2 & t ! pope may    
dispose ( cr[ns at 8 pleasure4 ,x is on 
! same pr9ciple t actions are def5d$1   
:i* unbeliev]s reg>d z usurpations &    
viol5ce1 ex]cis$ by ! ,*ri/ians on !    

inhabitants ( ! new _w4 ,h5ce x is ( !  
utmo/ importance to ,*ri/ians n to dep>t
 f ! example :i* ,jesus has giv5 !m 9   
?is passage ( ! gospel2 x appe>s        
especially to conc]n ! rights ( ! cl]gy4
  ,pret5sions1 s well f\nd$1 did n1     
h[ev]1 /rike ! c>nal m9ds ( ! ,jews2 !y 
p]si/$ 9 believ+ t x 0 n p]mitt$ to rob1
 p>ticul>ly on ! ,sabba?2 & n kn[+ !    
ext5t ( ! rights ( ,jesus1 !y consid]$  
him an impo/or1 & 8 disciples knaves4   
,!y believ$ him to be a dang]\s man1 :o1
 "u pret5ce ( re=mation1 s\ght to subv]t
 _! laws1 trample on _! ord9ances1 &    
ov]turn _! religion4 ,!y agre$1 !re=e1  
to collect ! pro(s !y _h aga9/ him1     
accuse1 & cause him to be arre/$4 ,b our
 h]o1 :o _h in=mation ( _! designs1     
fru/rat$ !m by leav+ ,j]usalem4         
,,*apt] ,,ix4  ,,jesus ,,works ,,new    
,,miracles--,,election ,,( ,,! ,,twelve 
,,apo/les4   ,z soon z ,jesus 0 safe f !
 malice ( 8 enemies1 & f\nd t he 0 among
 p]sons ( m fav\rable dispositions ?an !
 inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 he aga9       

comm5c$ work+ miracles4 ,8 exp]i5ce     
conv9c$ him1 t to ga9 ! capital1 x 0    
necess>y to augm5t 8 =ces 9 ! environs1 
& procure1 9 ! c\ntry1 a great numb] (  
adh]5ts1 :o might1 9 due "t & place1 aid
 him 9 ov]com+ ! incr$ulity ( prie/s1   
doctors1 & magi/rates2 & put him 9      
possession ( ! holy city1 ! object ( 8  
eag] desires4  ,^! new prodigies1 h[ev]1
 produc$ no rem>kable effect4 ,! ,jews1 
:o _h be5 at ,j]usalem dur+ ! passov]1  
on return+ home1 prepossess$ _!         
fell[-citiz5s aga9/ our mission>y4 ,if  
he f\nd ! secret ( ga9+ ! admiration ( !
 p 9 ! places he pass$ ?r\gh on leav+ ! 
capital1 he _h ! *agr9 to f9d oppon5ts 9
 ! ,ph>isees & doctors4 ,! foll[+ fact  
%[s to :at a degree ! p 7 influ5c$3--,on
 a ,sabba?1 ,jesus ent]$ ! synagogue ( a
 place1 ! "n ( :i* has n be5 pres]v$4   
,he !re f\nd a man :o _h1 or said he _h1
 a )]$ h&4 ,! sight ( ! diseas$1 :o 01  
probably1 "s not$ m5dicant & knave1 & ! 
pres5ce ( ! physician1 excit$ ! att5tion
 ( ! doctors4 ,!y wat*$ ,jesus          

closely--,let u see1 7said !y1 "o to    
ano!r7 if he w d>e to heal ?is man on ! 
,sabba? day4 ,b obs]v+ t ,jesus rema9$  
inactive1 !y que/ion$ him z to !        
,sabba?1 = :i* he _h1 on s _m occasions1
 %[n b little respect4 ,x 0 app>5tly "o 
( ! pr9cipal po9ts ( 8 re=m1 to abrogate
 a numb] ( fe/ivals4 ,! doctors ask$    
him1 ,ma/]1 is x lawful to heal on ?is  
day8 ,he 0 frequ5tly 9 ! habit ( answ]+ 
"o "q by ano!r3 ,logic 0 n ! sci5ce 9   
:i* ! ,jews 7 mo/ conv]sant4 ,jesus     
repli$1 ,is x lawful to d good on !     
,sabba? day1 or to d evil--to save life1
 or to take x away8 ,?is "q1 accord+ to 
,m>k1 conf\nd$ ! doctors4 ,nev]!less1   
!re is reason to believe1 unless we     
suppose ! ,jews to h be5 a hundr$ times 
m /upid ?an !y really 71 t ?is "q 0 ill 
tim$4 ,!y 7 prohibit$ f apply+ to s]vile
 occupations only1 b mu/ h be5 p]mitt$  
to dis*>ge ! mo/ urg5t duties ( morality
 ev5 on ! ,sabba? day4 ,x is to be      
presum$1 t a midwife1 = example1 l5t h] 
m9i/ry on t day1 z on any o!r4 ,x is    

/at$ 9 ! ,talmud1 t x 0 p]mitt$ to      
anno9t ! sick ) oil on ! ,sabba?4 ,!    
,ess5ians obs]v$ ! ,sabba? ) s mu*      
rigor1 t !y did n all[ !mselves to      
satisfy ! mo/ press+ wants ( life4 ,?is1
 p]haps1 gave occasion to ! reproa*es ) 
:i* ?is sect load$ ,jesus1 :o _h by 8   
own au?ority re=m$ ?is ridicul\s cu/om4 
,jesus cont9u$ 8 que/ions1 & ask$ !m1 if
 :5 a %eep fell into a dit* on !        
,sabba?1 !y w\ld n draw x out8 ,h5ce1   
)\t wait+ = an answ]1 he v ju/ly        
conclud$ t x 0 p]mitt$ to d good on t   
day4 ,to prove x1 he said to ! sick1 :om
 he _h1 p]haps1 suborn$ to play ?is "p 9
 ! synagogue1 ,arise1 /& up1 & /ret* =? 
?y h&2 & imm$iately 8 h& became z ! o!r4
 ,b ,jesus1 f9d+ ?is prodigy produc$ no 
*ange 9 _! m9ds1 d>t$ a furi\s look on !
 assembly1 &1 boil+ ) a holy *ol]1      
in/antly =sook ! dete/able place4 ,matt4
 xii4 ,m>k xii4 #f4  ,jesus act$ wisely2
 = ^! naughty doctors imm$iately took   
c\nsel ) ! (fic]s ( ,h]od1 h[ !y might  
de/roy him4 ,in=m$ ( e ?+ by 8 adh]5ts1 

he ga9$ ! sea %ore1 :]e x 0 always easy 
= him to effect 8 escape4 ,8 disciples1 
sev]al ( :om und]/ood navigation1 foll[$
 him4 ,a numb] ( p1 m cr$ul\s ?an !     
doctors1 resort$ to him on ! noise ( 8  
m>vels4 ,!re came he>]s f ,galilee1 f   
,j]usalem1 f ,idumea1 f ! o!r side (    
,jordan1 & ev5 f ,tyre & ,sidon4 ,?is   
multitude furni%$ him ) a pretext =     
ord]+ 8 disciples to hold a boat 9      
read9ess1 t he might n be too mu*       
?rong$1 b1 9 tru?1 to escape1 9 case x  
%\ld be attempt$ to pursue him4  ,on ?is
 %ore1 favorable to 8 designs1 ,jesus   
p]=m$ a great numb] ( miracles1 & cur$  
an inf9ity ( p4 ,we mu/ pi\sly believe x
 on ! ^w ( ,mat!w & ,m>k4 ,^! wond]s 7  
p]=m$ on ! sick1 & especially on !      
possess$4 ,! latt]1 at :atev] di/ance !y
 p]ceiv$ ! ,savi\r1 pro/rat$ !mselves   
be=e him1 r5d]$ homage to 8 glory1 &    
proclaim$ him ! ,*ri/2 :il/ he1 always  
full ( mode/y1 comm&$ !m ) ?reats n to  
reveal him2 ! :ole to accompli% a       
prophecy1 :i* said ( him1 ,he %all n    

dispute1 nor cry1 nor make 8 voice be   
he>d 9 ! /reets2 a prophecy1 :i*1 h[ev]1
 0 frequ5tly contradict$ by 8 cont9ual  
disputes ) ! doctors & ,ph>isees1 & by !
 upro> he occasion$ 9 ! temple1 9 !     
/reets ( ,j]usalem1 & 9 ! synagogues4   
,no?+ is m a/oni%+ ?an ! ob/9acy ( !    
devil 9 ackn[l$g+ ,jesus1 & confess+ 8  
div9ity1 & ! /ubbornness ( ! doctors 9 n
 recogniz+ him1 9 spite ( 8 c>es to make
 ! "o sil5t to conv9ce ! o!rs4 ,x is    
evid5t1 t ! son ( ,god has come ) ! sole
 int5t ( prev5t+ ! ,jews f pr(it+ by 8  
com+1 & ackn[l$g+ 8 mission4 ,x may be  
said t he has %[n himself m]ely to      
receive ! homage ( satan2 at lea/ we    
p]ceive only ! devil & 8 disciples      
proclaim+ ! "* ( ,jesus4  ,:5 he _h     
prea*$ mu*1 cur$ mu*1 & exorcis$ mu*1   
our mission>y wi%$ to be alone to       
reflect on ! situation ( 8 affairs4 ,) a
 view to enjoy m lib]ty1 he asc5d$ a    
m\nta91 :]e he sp5t ! :ole night4 ,!    
result ( 8 solit>y reflections 01 t     
al?\gh he requir$ assi/ants1 he c\ld no 

long]1 )\t giv+ umbrage to ! gov]nm5t1  
cont9ue m>*+ up & d[n ) a company s     
num]\s z t ( ! idl]s :o compos$ 8 suite4
  ,:5 day appe>$1 he call$ ^? ( 8       
disciples :om he judg$ mo/ wor?y (      
confid5ce1 & select$ twelve to rema9 ne>
 8 p]son4 ,?is is :at ,luke says2 b ,m>k
 ins9uates t he *ose 8 twelve apo/les on
 purpose to s5d !m on a mission4 ,z     
,jesus1 h[ev]1 assures u1 t he *ose !m  
to be ne> him1 & z ! apo/les1 cont5t )  
begg+ & mak+ provision = !mselves & _!  
ma/]1 did n p]=m any mission dur+ 8     
life1 at lea/ out ( ,judea1 we %all     
adh]e to ! fir/ op9ion4 ,! names ( ^!   
apo/les 7 ,simon ,pet]1 ,&rew1 ,mat!w1  
,simon-,zelotes1 ,james1 ,philip1       
,?omas1 ,jude1 ,john1 ,b>?olomew1 ano!r 
,james1 & ,judas ,isc>iot1 ! treasur]4  
,z ,jesus _h no money to give 8         
disciples1 he told !m no d\bt to g & pu%
 _! =tune4 ,he1 h[ev]1 took c>e to imp>t
 to !m 8 secret2 to tea* !m ! art (     
miracles1 to cure diseases1 & to ca/ out
 devils4 ,he also gave !m ! p[] (       

remitt+ s9s1 & to b9d & unb9d 9 ! "n (  
,heav52 pr]ogatives1 :i*1 if !y did n   
enri* ! apo/les1 h be5 wor? imm5se      
treasures to _! successors4 ,to !m !    
r\ghe/ /aff has become a crosi]1 a /aff 
( comm&1 mak+ its p[] felt by ! mightie/
 sov]eigns ( ! e>?4 ,! bag or wallet ( !
 apo/les has be5 conv]t$ into treasures1
 b5efices1 pr9cipalities & rev5ues4     
,p]mission to beg has become a "r to    
exact ti!s1 dev\r nations1 fatt5 on !   
sub/ance ( ! wret*$1 & enjoy1 by div9e  
"r1 ! privilege ( pillag+ society1 &    
di/urb+ x ) impunity4 ,! successors ( ! 
fir/ mission>ies ( ,jesus1 ?\gh pr(ess+ 
to be m5dicants1 enjoy$ ! pr]ogative (  
co]c+ all :o refus$ to be/[ *>ities on  
!m1 or to obey _! comm&s4 ,_m h imag9$1 
t ,jesus nev] conc]n$ himself ab\t !    
subsi/5ce ( ! m9i/]s ( ! *ur*2 b if we  
exam9e att5tively ! gospel1 especially !
 ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 we %all f9d ! basis
 ( ! ri*es1 gr&eur1 & ev5 despotism ( ! 
cl]gy4     ,,*apt] ,x4  ,,s]mon ,,on ,,!
 ,,m\nt--,,summ>y ,,( ,,! ,,morality ,,(

 ,,jesus--,,obs]vations ,,on ,,t        
,,morality4   ,! dread ( be+ arre/$ hav+
 con/ra9$ ,jesus to ab&on ! cities1 :]e 
he _h _m enemies1 ! c\ntry became 8     
ord9>y resid5ce4 ,! p1 or at lea/ "s    
male & female devotees :om he _h        
conv]t$1 furni%$ provisions to ! div9e  
man & 8 foll[]s4 ,oblig$ to w&] ab\t1   
bury !mselves 9 m\nta9s & 9 des]ts1 &   
sleep 9 ! op5 air1 our apo/les became   
discont5t$ ) _! lot4 ,9 spite ( !       
spiritual graces1 :i* !y receiv$ 9 !    
society ( ! messiah1 ^! c>nal m5 expect$
 some?+ m sub/antial on devot+ !mselves 
to 8 s]vice4 ,!y 7 d\btless promis$     
important po/s1 ri*es1 & p[] 9 ! k+dom  
he 0 ab\t to e/abli%4 ,jesus on ?is     
acc\nt frequ5tly exp]i5c$ z mu*         
difficulty 9 reta9+ !m1 z 9 conv9c+ !   
rebelli\s ,jews by 8 miracles &         
conclusive argum5ts4 ,! measure ( _!    
appetite1 & well be+1 0 at ?is "t1 !    
only rule ( _! fai?4 ,to prev5t _!      
murmurs1 & famili>ize !m ) a frugal     
life1 :i* our mission>y saw he w\ld be  

oblig$1 p]haps = a long "t1 to make !m  
lead1 he pron\nc$ an oration on true    
happ9ess3 x is ! "o kn[n by ! "n ( !    
,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 & relat$ by ,mat!w1  
*ap v4  ,accord+ to our orator1 true    
happ9ess consi/s 9 pov]ty ( ,_s2 t is1 9
 ignorance1 & contempt ( k1 :i* bids u  
ex]cise our reason1 & /rips man ( ! bl9d
 submission t is necess>y to induce him 
to submit to a guide4 ,jesus prea*$ a   
pi\s docility1 :i* implicitly cr$its e  
?+ )\t exam9ation2 & to tell !m1 t !    
k+dom ( heav5 w\ld be ! rew>d ( ?is     
happy disposition4 ,su* is ! s5se :i* ! 
*ur* has giv5 to ! words ( ,jesus1      
,bless$ are ! poor 9 _s1 = !irs is !    
k+dom ( heav54  ,among ! apo/les1 !re 7 
"s ^: passionate dispositions might h   
be5 prejudicial to ! progress ( ! sect4 
,x may 9 g5]al be presum$1 t r\gh m51   
devoid ( education1 h repulsive mann]s4 
,jesus demon/rat$ ! necessity (         
meekness1 civility1 & pati5ce1 9 ord] to
 ga9 proselytes2 he recomm5d$ mod]ation 
& tol]ation1 z ! c]ta9 means ( ins9uat+ 

!mselves into ! m9ds ( m51 ( ?riv+ 9 !  
_w1 & z ! sure/ way ( mak+ conque/s4    
,?is is ! true s5se ( ^! words1 ,happy  
are ! meek1 = !y %all inh]it ! e>?4     
,wi%+ to inspire !m ) c\rage1 & console 
!m = _! mis]able situation1 he told !m1 
t to live 9 te>s is felicity1 & an      
infallible me?od ( expiat+ iniquity4 ,he
 promis$ t _! vexations %\ld n endure   
=ev]2 t _! te>s %\ld be dri$ up2 t _!   
mis]y %\ld t]m9ate2 & t _! hung] %\ld be
 appeas$4 ,^! consolations & promises1 7
 indisp5sably necess>y to =tify !       
apo/les aga9/ e accid5t :i*1 9 ! c\rse (
 _! ent]prises1 might befal !m 9 !      
ret9ue ( a *ief de/itute ( ri*es & p[]1 
& incapable ( procur+ to himself or o!rs
 ! com=ts ( exi/5ce4  ,jesus1 ) a view1 
no d\bt1 ( sweet5+ ! lot ( 8 apo/les1   
recomm5d$ compassion to ! li/5+         
multitude1 ( :i* he1 z well z 8 p>ty1   
/ood 9 ! greate/ ne$4 ,x is readily     
p]ceiv$1 t ! messiah felt ! mo/ imp]i\s 
necessity to prea* *>ity to 8 auditors2 
= he liv$ on alms1 & 8 success dep5d$ on

 ! g5]osity ( ! public1 & ! b5efactions 
( ! good s\ls :o he>k5$ to 8 lessons4   
,! prea*] recomm5d$ peace & concord2    
dispositions necess>y to a new born1    
weak1 & p]secut$ sect2 b ?is necessity  
ceas$ :5 ?is sect _h atta9$ /r5g? en\gh 
to dictate ! law4  ,he aft]w>ds =tifi$ 8
 disciples aga9/ ! p]secutions :i* !y 7 
to exp]i5ce2 he address$ _! self        
love--spurr+ !m on by motives ( honor3  
,ye are 7says he7 ! salt ( ! e>?1 !     
light ( ! _w4 ,he gave !m to und]/& t !y
 7 ! successors ( ! prophets1 m5 s mu*  
respect$ by ! ,jews3 &1 to %>e 9 ^:     
glory1 !y ought to expect ! same crosses
 :i* _! illu/ri\s pr$ecessors exp]i5c$4 
,he told !m to reg>d hatr$1 p]secution1 
contempt1 & ! deprivation ( e ?+ t      
con/itutes ! well be+ & happ9ess ( man1 
z true felicity1 & mo/ wor?y ( heav5ly  
rew>ds4  ,aft] h>angu+ 8 disciples1 he  
address$ himself to ! p4 ,he pres5t$ to 
!m a new morality1 :i*1 f> f be+        
repugnant to t ( ! ,jews1 c\ld easily be
 reconcil$ ) x4 ,?+s 7 n z yet          

suffici5tly matur$ = abrogat+ ! law (   
,moses3 too great *anges al>m mank9d4 ,a
 feeble mission>y mu/ at fir/ conf9e    
himself to re=m+ abuses1 )\t seek+ to   
probe to ! bottom4 ,jesus wisely cont5t$
 himself ) %[+1 t ! law 0 faulty 9 "s   
p>ticul>s1 & t he propos$ to p]fect x4  
,su* is ! language1 ( all re=m]s4       
,jesus expressly decl>$1 t he 0 n come  
to de/roy1 b to fulfil ! law3 & he      
affirm$ t1 9 heav51 ranks w\ld be fix$  
accord+ to ! rigor\s obs]vance ( all its
 articles4 ,he ins9uat$1 h[ev]1 to 8    
audi5ce1 t nei!r !y1 nor _! doctors1    
und]/ood any "p ( t law :i*1 !y believ$1
 !y fai?fully practis$4 ,he und]took1   
!re=e1 to expla9 x2 & z all re=m]s      
pret5d to puritanical au/]ity1 & to a   
sup]natural & m ?an human p]fection1 he 
w5t beyond ! law4 ,! foll[+ is !        
sub/ance ( 8 m>vell\s in/ructions3  ,y h
 he>d t x 0 said by !m ( old "t1 ,?\    
%alt n kill2 & :osoev] %all kill %all be
 puni%$ ) dea?2 b ,i say unto y1 t x is 
necess>y to ext5d ?is prohibition &     

puni%m5t ev5 to wra?1 see+ x is wra? :i*
 urges "o on to put 8 fell[ creature to 
dea?4 ,y w\ld puni% adult]y only :5 x is
 committ$2 b ,i tell y1 t desire alone  
r5d]s "o z culpable z fact4 ,y1 p]haps1 
w answ]1 t man is n ! ma/] ( 8 passions 
& desires1 & t he c h>dly resi/ !m3 ,i  
agree ) y 9 ?is2 y h n any p[]1 ev5 on !
 hairs ( y\r head4 ,! p5ances1          
sacrifices1 & expiations :i* y\r prie/s 
impose1 are n capable ( procur+ !       
remission ( y\r s9s2 behold1 !n1 ! only 
means ( prev5t+ !m1 or mak+ rep>ation3  
has y\r eye1 or any ( y\r memb]s        
solicit$ y to commit iniquity8 ,cut (f t
 memb]1 or pull out t eye1 & ca/ x f y2 
= x is m exp$i5t t "o ( y\r memb]s %\ld 
p]i%1 ?an t ! :ole body be ?r[n into    
hell fire4 ,if ,moses1 inspir$ by !     
div9ity1 _h kn[n ?is hell1 de/9$ = y\r  
suff]+ et]nal puni%m5t1 he w\ld n h     
fail$ to m5ace y ) x2 b he 0 ignorant ( 
! dogma ( ano!r life2 he spoke only ( ! 
pres5t1 to :i* he has limit$ y\r        
mis=tunes1 or y\r felicity4 ,_h x n be5 

= ?is1 he w\ld n h neglect$ to acqua9t y
 ) a fact s well calculat$ to inspire y 
) fe>1 & r5d] life insupportable4  ,we  
are q surpris$ at f9d+1 t ,moses & !    
anci5t ,hebrew writ]s h no :]e m5tion$ !
 dogma ( a future life1 :i* n[-a-days   
=ms "o ( ! mo/ important articles ( !   
,*ri/ian religion4 ,solomon speaks ( !  
dea? ( m5 by comp>+ x ) t ( brutes4 ,"s 
( ! prophets1 x is true1 h spok5 ( a    
place call$ ,*eol1 :i* has be5 translat$
 ,hell 7,enf]72 yet x is evid5t1 t ?is  
^w implies m]ely sepul*re or tomb4 ,!y h
 also translat$ ! ,hebrew ^w ,tophe?    
into ,hell3 b on exam9+ ! ^w1 we f9d t x
 designates a place ( puni%m5t ne>      
,j]usalem1 :]e malefactors 7 puni%$1 &  
_! c>cases burn$4 ,x 0 aft] ! ,babyloni%
 captivity t ! ,jews knew ! dogma (     
ano!r life1 & ! resurrection1 :i* !y    
le>n$ ( ! ,p]sian disciples ( ,zoroa/]4 
,9 ! "t ( ,jesus1 t dogma 0 n ev5       
g5]ally receiv$4 ,! ,ph>isees admitt$ x1
 & ! ,sadducees reject$ x4  ,y use too  
freely 7proce$$ our mission>y7 !        

p]mission ( divorce2 ! lea/ disgu/ makes
 y repudiate y\r wives2 b ,i tell y1 t y
 ought to repudiate !m only :5 y h      
surpris$ !m 9 adult]y4 ,x is cruel to   
/one "o = ?is fault2 we ought to h      
respect = ! weakness ( ! sex4 ,jesus1 ^:
 bir? 0 v equivocal1 _h p>ticul> reasons
 = wi%+ t adult]y %\ld be treat$ )      
indulg5ce4 ,indep5d5tly ( ,m>y 8 "m1 f  
:om ,joseph 0 probably sep>at$1 our     
prea*] _h 9 8 tra9 dames1 ^: conduct _h 
n be5 irreproa*able ant]ior to _!       
conv]sion4 ,besides ,m>y ,magdal5e1 :o 0
 a not$ c\rtesan1 ,jesus _h 9 8 suite   
,joanna1 wife ( ,*uza1 ,h]od's /ew>d1   
:o1 accord+ to ! tradition1 robb$ &     
=sook h] husb& to foll[ ! messiah1 &    
assi/ him ) h] prop]ty4 ,moreov]1 !     
indulg5ce :i* he prea*$ mu/ h ga9$ him !
 he>ts ( all ! ladies 9 8 auditory4  ,! 
messiah cont9u$ ne>ly 9 ^! t]ms3--,god  
has ( old promis$ y bless+s1 prosp]ity1 
& glory2 b he has *ang$ 8 int5tion1 &   
revok$ ^! promises4 ,z y 7 almo/ always1
 & /ill are ! mo/ unhappy1 ! mo/ fooli%1

 & mo/ despis$ p on e>?1 y ought to     
suspect t ^! pomp\s promises 7 m]e      
allegories4 ,y ought1 !re=e1 to h an    
abject & mortify+ morality1 con=mable to
 y\r g5ius1 y\r situation1 & y\r mis]y4 
,if x does n procure y welf>e 9 ?is _w1 
y %\ld hope t x w r5d] y m happy 9 !    
next4 ,y\r humiliations are ! c]ta9     
means ( atta9+ "o day t glory1 :i*      
hi!rto nei!r y nor y\r fa!rs h ev] be5  
able to acquire4 ,:5 !re=e a p]son %all 
give y a bl[ on "o *eek1 (f] him ! o!r4 
,d n g to law--lawy]s w ru9 y2 &1       
besides1 ! poor are always 9 ! wrong :5 
oppos$ to ! ri*4 ,give to :oev] asks (  
y1 & refuse no?+ y possess2 x is by     
rely+ on ! punctual practice ( ?is      
important precept1 t ,i s5d my disciples
 into ! _w )\t money or provisions4  ,i 
d n give y any description ( p>adise--x 
is suffici5t to "k t y w be p]fectly    
happy !re4 ,b to get !re1 x is necess>y 
to be m ?an m5--x is necess>y to love   
y\r enemies2 to r5d] good = evil2 to    
pres]ve no remembrance ( cruel outrages2

 to bless ! h& t /rikes y2 & n to speak 
"o silly ^w2 = "o only w precipitate y  
into hell4 ,h a pleasant aspect :5 y    
fa/2 b especially live )\t =esight4     
,accumulate no?+1 le/ y excite ! wra? ( 
my fa!r4 ,?9k n ( to-morr[--live at     
r&om1 l ! birds t nev] ?9k ( s[+1 ga!r+1
 or accumulat+ provisions4 ,deta*       
y\rselves f all ?+s bel[--seek ! k+dom (
 ,god1 :i* ,i & my disciples w give y = 
y\r *>ities4 ,?is conduct _c fail to    
plunge y into mis]y2 b !n y %all beg 9  
y\r turn4 ,god w provide = y\r          
wants--ask & x %all be giv5 y4 ,d n     
begg>s f9d1 agreeably to our div9e      
precepts1 :]e) to live at ! exp5se ( !  
simpletons :o labor8 ,my disciples & ,i1
 are a pro( t )\t toil1 "o may avoid    
difficulties1 & n p]i% by hung]8 ,if our
 mann] ( liv+ appe>s n to agree ) my    
language1 ,i *>ge y n judge my actions1 
nor condemn y\r ma/]s & doctors4 ,d n   
int]m$dle ) /ate affairs2--t c>e is     
res]v$ = me1 & ^? 9 :om ,i confide4 ,!  
ma/] is sup]ior to ! disciple--x is to  

me 9 p>ticul> y ought to li/54 ,if y    
call me ma/]1 x is necess>y to d :at ,i 
desire y4 ,! practice ( my morality is  
difficult1 & ev5 impossible to _m       
p]sons2 b ! broad & easy way conducts to
 p]dition2 & to ent] heav51 x is        
necess>y to be z p]fect z my heav5ly    
fa!r4 ,i mu/ caution y aga9/ my enemies1
 or ^? :o %all prea* a contr>y doctr9e4 
,treat !m z wolves2 !y are false        
prophets--%[ !m no indulg5ce3 = x is n  
to !m t y ought to be humane1 tol]ant1 &
 pacific4  ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 s]mon ,jesus  
taught !m a %ort =m ( pray]1 kn[n by !  
"n ( ! ,"l's pray]4 ,?\gh ! ,son ( ,god 
may h %ewn himself on ?is occasion !    
enemy ( long pray]s1 ! ,*ri/ian *ur* is 
full ( pi\s slugg>ds1 :o1 9 spite ( 8   
decision1 believe !y _c p]=m any ?+ m   
agreeable to ,god1 ?an sp5d+ _! :ole "t 
9 mumbl+ pray]s 9 a v l[ tone1 s++ !m 9 
a high "o1 & frequ5tly 9 a language !y d
 n und]/&4 ,x appe>s1 t 9 ?is1 z 9 _m   
o!r ?+s1 ! *ur* has rectifi$ ! practice 
( its div9e f\nd]4  ,mat!w in=ms u1 t ! 

disc\rse1 ( :i* we h giv5 ! sub/ance1   
transport$ ! p ) admiration1 = ,jesus   
in/ruct$ !m z "o hav+ au?ority1 & n z ! 
scribes4--,! latt]1 p]haps1 spoke 9 a m 
simple mann]1 & consequ5tly less admir$ 
by ! vulg>1 ^: wond] is excit$ 9        
proportion to _! inability to compreh5d1
 or practise ! precepts giv5 !m4 ,?us ! 
s]mon ( ,jesus _h n1 at t "t1 any       
contradictors4 ,x has h[ev]1 furni%$    
ample scope = dispute to our casui/s &  
!ologians4 ,!y h subtlely di/+ui%$      
betwe5 ?+s :i* 7 m]ely ( c\nsel1 & ^? ( 
precept :i* ought rigor\sly to be       
obs]v$4 ,x 0 soon felt1 t ! sublime     
morality ( ! ,son ( ,god did n suit     
mank9d1 & its lit]al obs]vance 0        
de/ructive to society4 ,x 01 !re=e1     
requisite to mod]ate x1 & recur to t    
m>vell\s di/9ction1 9 ord] to %elt] !   
hon\r ( ! div9e legislator1 & reconcile 
8 fanatical morality ) ! wants ( ! human
 race4  ,moreov]1 ?is disc\rse pres5ts  
difficulties1 :i* w always appe>        
emb>rass+ to p]sons accu/om$ to reflect 

on :at !y read4 ,!y f9d1 t x is         
ridicul\s & false to say1 a law is      
accompli%$1 :5 x is propos$ & p]mitt$ to
 violate x1 & add or retr5* ! mo/       
ess5tial po9ts4 ,s9ce ! "t ( ,jesus1 :y 
has ! ,jewi% law be5 completely abrogat$
 by ,paul & 8 adh]5ts1 :o1 z we h se51  
cec$$ f ! ,*ri/ian p>tizans ( ,judaism8 
,:y d ,*ri/ians ent]ta9 at pres5t s mu* 
horror at t same ,judaism1 except inde$ 
:5 ! privileges & pret5sions ( ! cl]gy  
are 9 "q--articles on :i* our ,*ri/ian  
prie/s are v judaical1 & :i* !y h       
prud5tly borr[$ f ,leviticus2 all to    
supply ! neglect ( ,jesus1 :o 0 n       
suffici5tly att5tive ei!r to _! temporal
 int]e/s1 div9e rights1 or sacr$ hi]>*y8
 ,by :at law d ! inquisitors 7if        
,*ri/ians7 9 ,portugal & ,spa9 burn ^?  
:o are accus$1 or convict$1 ( hav+      
obs]v$ ! usages ( a law1 :i* ,jesus has 
decl>$ he did n wi% to aboli%1 b to     
fulfil8 ,by :at law h ,*ri/ians1 disp5s$
 ) circumcision1 & p]mit !m selves to   
eat pork1 bacon1 pudd+1 h>e1 c8 ,:y has 

sunday1 or ! day ( ! sun among ,pagans  
be5 sub/itut$ = ,sabba? or ,saturday8   
#b;dly1 ,x is held unju/ to puni% 9 !   
same mann] a man 9 a passion & a murd]]4
 ,"o may be 9 a passion & re/ra9        
himself1 or aft]w>ds repair ! injury2 b 
he _c re/ore life to a man :om he has   
depriv$ ( x4  #c;dly1 ,! re/riction (   
divorce to ! s+le case ( adult]y is a   
law v h>d1 & v prejudicial to ! happ9ess
 ( m>ri$ p]sons4 ,?is precept compels a 
man to live ) a woman :o 9 o!r respects 
may be odi\s to him4 ,besides1 x is     
g5]ally difficult to convict a female ( 
adult]y2 %e usually takes precaution to 
avoid ?is4 ,is x n v griev\s1 & ev5     
dang]\s to live ) a p]son :o occasions  
cont9ual suspicions8  #d?ly1 ,x is      
absurd to make a crime ( desire1        
especially )\t suppos+ ! lib]ty ( man2 b
 ,jesus is n explicit on t important    
article4 ,on ! contr>y1 f ! tra9 ( 8    
disc\rse he appe>s to recognize !       
necessity ( man1 :o has no au?ority ov] 
a s+le hair ( 8 head4 ,paul1 8 apo/le1  

decl>es 9 _m places aga9/ ! lib]ty (    
man1 :om he comp>es ) a vessel 9 ! h&s (
 a pott]4 ,b if !re be no proportion    
betwe5 ! workman & 8 "w2 if ! latt] has 
no "r to say to ! =m]1 :y h y fa%ion$ me
 ?us8 if !re be no analogy betwe5 !m1 h[
 c !y be> any relation to ea* o!r8 ,if  
,god is incorporeal1 h[ does he act ^u  
bodies8 or h[ c ^! bodies di/urb 8      
repose1 or excite 9 him emotions ( ang]8
 ,if man is relatively to ,god z an e>!n
 vase1 ?is vase owes nei!r ?anks nor    
adoration to ! pott] :o gave him s      
insignificant a =m4 ,if ?is p[] is      
displeas$ ) 8 own vessel because he =m$ 
x badly1 or because x is n fit = ! uses 
he int5d$1 ! pott]1 if he is n an       
irrational be+1 c only blame himself = !
 defects :i* appe>4 ,he no d\bt c break 
x 9 pieces1 & ! vase _c prev5t him2 b if
 in/ead ( =m+ x anew1 & giv+ x a figure 
m suitable to 8 designs1 he puni%es !   
vase = ! bad qualities he has conf]r$ ^u
 x1 he w\ld %[ himself to be completely 
depriv$ ( reason4 ,?is1 9 fact1 is !    

view :i* ,*ri/ianity gives ( its ,god4  
,x repres5ts mank9d z hav+ no m relation
 ) ! div9ity ?an /ones4 ,b if ,god owes 
no?+ to man2 if he is n b\nd to %[ him  
ei!r ju/ice or goodness1 man on 8 "p c  
owe no?+ to ,god4 ,we h no idea ( any   
relation betwe5 be+s :i* are n          
reciprocal4 ,! duties ( m5 among/       
!mselves are f\nd$ on _! mutual wants4  
,if ,god has no occasion = ^! s]vices1  
!y _c owe him any ?+2 nei!r c !y        
possibly (f5d him by _! actions4  #e?ly1
 ,x is a /range rem$y to cut (f or pluck
 out a memb] e "t x is ! occasion ( s92 
x contradicts ! precept n to make an    
attempt on "o's life4 ,orig5 is blam$ by
 ! ,*ri/ians = hav+ p]=m$ an op]ation1  
:i* he no d\bt judg$ necess>y = pres]v+ 
8 *a/ity4 ,x is n ?r\gh ! memb]s1 b !   
incl9ation1 t a p]son s9s3 x is !re=e   
absurd to say t "o %all escape damnation
 ( ! body by depriv+ himself ( a memb]4 
,:at w\ld become ( s _m ecclesia/ical   
lib]t9es1 if to appease ! lu/s ( ! fle%1
 & make rep>ation = sc&al1 !y %\ld take 

x into _! heads to foll[ ! c\nsel (     
,jesus8  #f?ly1 ,! suppression ( a j    
def5ce ( "o's p]son & rights aga9/ an   
aggressor or unju/ litigant1 is to      
ov]turn ! laws ( society4 ,x is to op5 a
 door to iniquities & crimes1 & r5d]    
useless ! ex]cise ( ju/ice4 ,by su*     
maxims a p c\ld n exi/ t5 ye>s4 ,to love
 our enemies is impossible4 ,we may     
ab/a9 f retaliat+ on ! p]son by :om we  
are injur$2 b love is an affection :i* c
 only be excit$ 9 ! he>t by a fri5dly   
object4  #g?ly1 ,! c\nsel or precept1 to
 possess no?+1 amass no?+1 & ?9k n ( !  
morr[1 w\ld be v prejudicial to         
families3--a fa!r ought to provide a    
subsi/5ce = 8 *ildr54 ,^! maxims c suit 
slugg>ds only1 su* z prie/s & monks1 :o 
hold labor 9 horror1 & calculate on liv+
 at ! exp5se ( ! public4  #h?ly1 ,x is  
n[ easy to p]ceive1 t ! promises made ! 
,jews by ! m\? ( ,moses1 inspir$ by !   
div9ity1 h n be5 v]ifi$ lit]ally1 & are 
only allegorical4 ,b x 0 n f ! ,son (   
,god t ! ,jews %\ld h le>n$ ?is fatal   

tru?4 ,once impos$ on1 !y ought to h    
dread$ be+ aga9 deceiv$ by ano!r envoy4 
,l ,jesus1 ,moses _h made promises2 l   
,jesus1 ,moses _h confirm$ 8 promises & 
mission by miracles2 yet ^! promises h  
be5 f\nd deceptive1 & m]ely allegorical4
 ,?is idea ought to h creat$            
presumptions aga9/ ! promises ( ,jesus4 
#i?ly1 ,to say1 t x is necess>y to be   
poor 9 _s1 & to say aft]w>ds t to atta9 
heav5 x is necess>y to be p]fect z !    
heav5ly fa!r is p]fect1 is to make ,god 
a /upid be+2 to af=d to a!i/s a solution
 = all ! evil !y p]ceive 9 nature2 & to 
ass]t t to ent] p>adise "o mu/ be a     
fool4 ,b has man ! p[] ( be+ spiritual  
or poor 9 _s1 reasonable or fooli%1     
believ+ or unbeliev+8 ,is n ! holy      
/upidity ( fai? a gift :i* ,god grants  
only to :om he w8 ,is x n unju/ to damn 
p ( und]/&+8  ,la/ly1 ,9 ?is s]mon      
,jesus recomm5ds to bew>e ( false       
prophets1 & says1 t x is by _! works we 
%all "k !m4 ,yet1 ! prie/s tell u1 we   
ought to d z !y say1 )\t imitat+ :at !y 

d1 :5 we f9d _! conduct oppos$ to !     
maxims !y prea*4 ,ano!r sign1 !re=e1 ?an
 works ought to h be5 giv5 :]eby to     
recognize false prophets2 o!rwise !     
fai?ful w be r$uc$ to believe t ! cl]gy 
are provid$ only ) ly+ prophets4  ,9 ?is
 mann] unbeliev]s argue2 t is all ^? :o 
h n receiv$ f heav5 poorness ( _s1 s    
necess>y = n p]ceiv+ ! want ( inf]5ce1  
false pr9ciples1 & numb]less            
inconsi/5cies1 :i* result f ! morality (
 ,jesus4 ,?is morality appe>s a div9e   
*ef d'oeuvre to docile ,*ri/ians        
illum9at$ by fai?2 & x 0 mu* admir$ by  
^? :o he>d x4 ,we "k n1 h[ev]1 if !     
auditors 7 s affect$ by x z to foll[ x  
lit]ally4 ,to admire a doctr9e1 &       
believe x true & div9e1 is a ?+ mu* m   
easy ?an to practice x4 ,_m p]sons set a
 high] value on evangelical virtues1 :i*
 are sublime 9 !ory1 ?an on moral       
virtues1 :i* reason comm&s u to         
practice4 ,x is n !n surpris+ t !       
sup]natural & m>vell\s morality ( ,jesus
 0 applaud$ by ^? :o he>d x4 ,x 0       

address$ to paup]s1 ! dregs ( ! p1 & !  
mis]able4 ,an au/]e /oical morality mu/ 
please ! wret*$2 x trans=ms _! situation
 into virtue2 x flatt]s _! vanity2 makes
 !m pr\d ( _! mis]y2 h>d5s !m aga9/ !   
/rokes ( =tune2 & p]suades !m t !y are m
 valuable ?an ! ri*1 :o maltreat !m2 & t
 ,deity1 :i* delights 9 see+ m5 suff]1  
pref]s ! wret*$ to ^? :o enjoy felicity4
  ,on ! o!r h&1 ! vulg> imag9e t ^? :o c
 re/ra9 _! passions1 & deprive !mselves 
( :at excites ! desires ( o!rs1 are     
extraord9>y be+s1 agreeable to ,god1 &  
end[$ ) pret]natural grace1 )\t :i* !y  
w\ld be incapable ( ^! ex]tions4 ,?us a 
h>% morality1 :i* seems to proce$ f     
ins5sibility1 pleases ! rabble1 imposes 
on ! ignorant1 & is suffici5t to excite 
! admiration ( ! simple4 ,x is n ev5    
displeas+ to p]sons plac$ 9 happi]      
situations1 :o admire ! doctr9e1 well   
assur$ ( f9d+ ! secret to elude !       
practice ( x by ! assi/ance ( _!        
indulg5t guides4 ,!re is only a small   
numb] ( fanatics :o foll[ x lit]ally4   

,su* 7 ! dispositions :i* mu/ h induc$ s
 _m p to receive ! in/ructions ( ,jesus4
 ,8 maxims produc$ a multitude ( ob/9ate
 m>tyrs1 :o1 9 ! hope ( op5+ a road to  
heav51 set torm5ts & afflictions at     
defiance4 ,! same maxims produc$ p5it5ts
 ( e k9d1 solit>ies1 an*orites1         
c5obites1 & monks1 :o1 9 emulation ( ea*
 o!r1 r5d]$ !mselves illu/ri\s 9 ! eyes 
( nations by _! au/]ities1 volunt>y     
pov]ty1 a total r5unciation ( ! com=ts (
 nature1 & a cont9ual /ruggle aga9/ !   
g5tle/ & mo/ lawful incl9ations4 ,!     
c\nsels & precepts ( ! gospel inundat$  
nations ) a va/ numb] ( madm51 enemies (
 !mselves1 & p]fectly useless to o!rs4  
,^! wond]ful m5 7 admir$1 respect$1 &   
rev]$ z sa9ts by _! fell[-citiz5s1 :o1  
!mselves defici5t 9 grace or en?usiasm  
necess>y = imitat+ !m1 or foll[+        
fai?fully ! c\nsels ( ! ,son ( ,god1 _h 
rec\rse to _! int]cession1 9 ord] to    
obta9 p>don = _! s9s1 & indulg5ce f !   
,almighty1 :om !y suppos$ irritat$ at ! 
impossibility 9 :i* !y f\nd !mselves (  

foll[+ lit]ally ! precepts ( ,jesus4 ,9 
f9e1 x is easy to p]ceive t ^! precepts1
 rigor\sly obs]v$1 w\ld drag society    
into total ru92 = society is support$   
only because t mo/ ,*ri/ians1 admir+ !  
doctr9e ( ! ,son ( ,god z div9e1 disp5se
 ) practic+ x1 & foll[ ! prop5sity (    
nature1 ev5 at ! risk ( be+ damn$4  ,9 !
 gospel1 ,jesus ?reat5s ) et]nal        
puni%m5t ^? :o %all n fulfil 8 precepts4
 ,?is frightful doctr9e 0 n contradict$ 
9 ! assembly2 ! sup]/iti\s love to      
tremble2 ^? :o fright5 !m mo/1 are ! mo/
 eag]ly li/5$ to4 ,?is 0 und\bt$ly ! "t 
= e/abli%+ firmly ! dogma ( !           
spirituality & immortality ( ! s\l4 ,!  
,son ( ,god ought to h expla9$ to ^?    
,jews1 b little acqua9t$ ) ?is matt]1 h[
 a "p ( man c\ld suff] 9 hell1 :il/     
ano!r "p 0 rott+ 9 ! e>?4 ,b our prea*] 
0 n acqua9t$ ) any ( ! dogmas :i* ?is   
*ur* has s9ce taught4 ,he _h n cle>     
ideas ( spirituality2 he spoke ( x only 
9 a v obscure mann]3 ,fe>1 7said he1 9  
"o place17 him :o c ?r[ bo? body & s\l  

into hell--words :i* mu/ h appe>$       
un9telligible 9 a language 9 :i* ! s\l 0
 tak5 = ! blood or animat+ pr9ciple4 ,x 
0 n till a long "t aft] ,jesus1 & :5 "s 
,platoni/s _h be5 initiat$ 9            
,*ri/ianity1 t ! spirituality &         
immortality ( ! s\l 7 conv]t$ into      
dogmas4 ,be=e _! "t1 ! ,jews & ,*ri/ians
 _h only vague notions on t important   
subject4 ,we f9d doctors 9 ! fir/ ages  
speak+ to u ( ,god & ! s\l z mat]ial    
sub/ances1 m subtile inde$ ?an ord9>y   
bodies4 ,x 0 res]v$ = latt]             
metaphysicians to give su* sublime ideas
 ( m9d1 t our und]/&+s are bewild]$ :5  
employ$ on !m4     ,,*ap4 ,,xi4         
,,actions ,,& ,,p>ables ,,(             
,,jesus--,,ent]prize ,,( ,,8 ,,relations
 ,,aga9/ ,,him--,,j\rney ,,to ,,naz>e?1 
,,& ,,! ,,success ,,jesus ,,_h ,,!re4   
,?\gh ! ob/9acy ( ! doctors ( ! law &   
pr9cipal m5 among ! ,jews1 creat$       
cont9ual ob/acles to ! success ( ,jesus1
 he did n lose c\rage2 he aga9 _h       
rec\rse to prodigies1 ! c]ta9 means (   

captivat+ ! populace1 on :om he p]ceiv$ 
x 0 necess>y to f\nd 8 hopes4 ,?is p 7  
subject to diseases ( ! sk91 su* z      
leprosy & simil> cutane\s disord]s4 ,no 
d\bt c be ent]ta9$ on ?is po9t :5 we    
consid] ! precaution :i* ! law ( ,moses 
orda9s aga9/ ^! infirmities4 ,to e/abli%
 8 reputation1 ,jesus resolv$ to        
und]take ! cure ( ?is disgu/+ disease ) 
:i* 8 c\ntrym5 7 s mu* infect$4         
,accord+ to ,luke1 a lep] pro/rat$      
himself at ! feet ( ,jesus1 & ador$ him1
 say+1 t he _h he>d him spok5 ( z a v   
able man1 & t1 if he 0 incl9$1 he c\ld  
cure him4 ,on ?is1 ,jesus m]ely /ret*$  
=? 8 h&1 & ! leprosy disappe>$4 ,hi!rto1
 ! messiah _h only recomm5d$ x to ^? he 
cur$ to pres5t !mselves to ! prie/s & to
 (f] !m ! gift prescrib$ 9 su* cases2 b 
on ?is occasion he ?\ght t he w\ld      
reconcile !m by /rictly enjo9+ ?is m>k (
 def]5ce4 ,he1 !re=e1 exact$ ( ! cur$   
lep]1 t he w\ld satisfy ! ord9ance ( !  
law2 b at ! same "t recomm5d$ secrecy z 
to ! physician's "n--a secret :i* 0 no  

bett] pres]v$ by him ?an by o!rs4 ,jesus
 =got t x 0 n suffici5t to impose sil5ce
 on ! p]sons he cur$1 b t x 0 likewise  
necess>y to lay a re/ra9t on all !      
tongues ( ! spectators2 unless inde$ x  
is suppos$ t ^! miracles 7 p]=m$ ) %ut  
doors1 & witness$ by ! ,savi\r's        
disciples only2 or1 r1 t !y 7 n p]=m$ at
 all4  ,mean:ile1 ! lep]'s indiscretion 
0 ! cause :y ,jesus1 accord+ to ,m>k1 no
 long] v5tur$ to appe> 9 ! city4 ,!     
prie/s seem to h tak5 9 ill mood ! cure 
he _h p]=m$3 ,he !re=e )drew into !     
des>t1 :]e ! m he 0 foll[$ ! m he buri$ 
himself 9 concealm5t4 ,x 0 9 va9 t ! p  
desir$ to he> him2 x 0 9 va9 t ! sick1  
:o ran aft] him1 reque/$ _! cure4 ,he no
 long] suff]$ t m>vell\s virtue1        
calculat$ to cure e disord]1 to exhale f
 him4  ,aft] hav+ w&]$ = "s "t 9 !      
des>t1 rum9at+ on 8 affairs1 he         
re-appe>$ at ,cap]naum4 ,! dome/ic ( a  
,roman c5turion1 mu* belov$ by 8 ma/]1 0
 at ! po9t ( dea? f an attack ( ! palsy4
 ,?is ,pagan believ$ t ,jesus c\ld      

easily cure 8 slave2 b1 in/ead ( pres5t+
 him to ! physician z he ought to h     
done1 he deput$ "s ,jewi% s5ators to    
wait on him4 ,h[ev] disagreeable ?is    
commission might be to p]sons :om !     
c5turion _h no "r to comm&1 & :o by t   
/ep seem$ to ackn[l$ge ! mission (      
,jesus1 ^! s5ators p]=m$ x4 ,flatt]$ )  
see+ an idolator apply to him1 our      
miracle-work] set out imm$iately2 b !   
c5turion s5t "s ( 8 p to in=m ,jesus t  
he 0 n wor?y ( ! hon\r ?us int5d$ him by
 ent]+ 8 h\se2 & t to cure 8 s]vant x 0 
suffici5t to speak only "o ^w4 ,jesus 0 
delight$ ) ?is2 he decl>$1 t he _h n    
f\nd s mu* fai? 9 ,israel2 & ) "o ^w1 if
 ! gospel may be believ$1 he p]=m$ !    
cure4 ,he aft]w>ds told ! ,jews1 t if !y
 p]si/$ 9 _! h>dness ( he>t1 7! only    
disease :i* ! ,son ( ,god c\ld nev]     
cure1 ?\gh he _h come = t purpose17 !   
idolatr\s nations w\ld be sub/itut$ 9 _!
 /ead1 & t ,god1 not)/&+ 8 promises1    
w\ld =ev] ab&on 8 anci5t fri5ds4 ,!     
gospel1 h[ev]1 does n tell u1 :e!r ?is  

c5turion1 s full ( fai?1 0 himself      
conv]t$4  ,! day aft] ?is cure1 ,jesus  
hav+ left ,cap]naum1 arriv$ at ,na91 a  
small t[n 9 ,galilee1 ab\t tw5ty leagues
 di/ant1 :i* proves t ! messiah 0 a     
great walk]4 ,=tunately he got !re 9 "t 
to p]=m a spl5did miracle4 ,a poor wid[ 
_h lo/ h] son2 !y 7 already c>ry+ him to
 be burri$1 & ! disconsolate "m1        
accompani$ by a great multitude1 foll[$ 
! fun]al procession4 ,jesus1 mov$ )     
compassion1 approa*$ ! bi] & laid 8 h&  
on x4 ,imm$iately ^? :o c>ri$ x /opp$4  
,"y man6 said he1 address+ ! deceas$1 ,i
 say to !e1 arise4 ,=?)1 he :o 0 dead   
sat up4 ,?is miracle t]rifi$ all !      
att5dants1 b conv]t$ nobody4 ,!         
transaction is relat$ by ,luke alone2 b 
ev5 7 x bett] v]ifi$1 we might ju/ly    
suspect t ! disconsolate "m held secret 
intellig5ce ) ! p]=m]4  ,"s hi/orians h 
made ,john ,bapti/ live to ?is p]iod2   
o!rs made him die mu* e>li]4 ,"h ,mat!w 
& ,luke introduce ! disciples or !      
precursor1 on purpose to "q ,jesus on ! 

"p ( _! ma/]4 ,art ?\ he t 0 to come1 or
 look we = ano!r8 ,! messiah 9 reply    
work$ miracles 9 _! pres5ce1 cur$ !     
sick1 ca/ out devils1 & gave sight to ! 
bl9d2 aft] :i* he said to ,john's       
deputies1 ,g & relate to ,john :at y h  
he>d & se54 ,x 0 on ?is occasion t      
,jesus pron\nc$ ! eulogy ( ,john4 ,he   
_h1 z we h se5 9 *apt] f\r? ( ?is       
hi/ory1 8 reasons = s do+4 ,among/ all  
^?1 said he1 t are born ( wom51 v]ily ,i
 say unto y !re is n a great] ?an ,john 
,bapti/4 ,our panegyri/ pr(it$ aft]w>ds 
by ?is circum/ance to abuse ! ph>isees &
 doctors1 :o reject$ bo? 8 baptism &    
,john's4 ,he comp>$ ^! unbeliev]s to    
,*ildr5 sitt+ 9 ! m>ket place1 & call+  
to "o ano!r3 ,we h pip$ to y1 & y h n   
danc$2 we h *aunt$ fun]al airs1 & ye h n
 weep$4 ,b we are n in=m$ t ?is j>gon   
conv]t$ ! doctors4  ,aft] ?is our       
spee*-mak] comp>$ 8 own conduct ) t ( ! 
precursor4 ,john1 said he1 came nei!r   
eat+ bread nor dr9k+ w9e1 & y say he ha?
 a devil4 ,i eat1 dr9k1 & love good *e]1

 yet y reject me also1 "u pret5ce t ,i  
keep company ) m5 & wom5 ( bad          
reputation4 ,he gave ! populace1 h[ev]1 
to und]/&1 t _! suffrage 0 suffici5t =  
him2 z if he _h told !m1 ,i am c]ta9 (  
y--y are too poor 9 _s to p]ceive !     
irregul>ity ( my conduct--my wond]s pass
 ) y2 y %\ld n reflect2 y are ! true    
*ildr5 ,( wisdom1 :i* w be ju/ifi$ by y4
  ,aft] ?is h>angue1 a ,ph>isee1 :o to  
judge ( him by 8 conduct _h be5 n[ays   
mov$ by ,jesus1 invit$ ! orator to d9n]2
 b he us$ him 9 ! mo/ unpolite mann]4   
,he did n cause 8 feet to be ba!d1 nor  
did he pres5t p]fumes accord+ to !      
e/abli%$ cu/om ( ! ,jews4 ,?\gh ,jesus  
might be (f5d$ at ?is omission1 he did n
 decl9e sitt+ d[n at table2 b :ile he 0 
eat+1 a woman ( bad fame ba!d 8 feet )  
h] te>s1 wip$ !m ) h] hair1 & !reaft]   
ano9t$ !m ) a preci\s o9tm5t4 ,! ph>isee
 did n compreh5d ! my/]y4 ,/upid &      
incr$ul\s1 he conjectur$ t ,jesus did n 
"k ! pr(ession ( ! female2 b he 0       
mi/ak53 ! c\rtezan 9 "q & all h] family 

7 intimately connect$ ) ! messiah4 ,john
 in=ms u1 t %e 0 call$ ,m>y ,magdalane1 
& t %e 0 ! si/] ( ,m>?a & ,laz>us1 p    
well kn[n to ,jesus1 & :o held a regul> 
correspond5ce ) him4 ,9 p>ticul> x      
appe>s1 t ,magdalane ent]ta9$ ! mo/ t5d]
 s5tim5ts = ,jesus4  ,?is action ( !    
c\rtezan did n disconc]t ! ,savi\r2 he  
expla9$ h] love1 ! att5tion paid him1 & 
! kisses ) :i* %e load$ him1 9 a my/ical
 & spiritual s5se2 & assum+ ! tone ( "o 
inspir$1 he assur$ h] t h] s9s 7 =giv5  
on acc\nt ( ! love %e _h display$4 ,luke
 in=ms u 9 ! foll[+ *apt]1 t ,jesus _h  
deliv]$ ?is lady ( sev5 devils--a s]vice
 :i* well m]it$ h] gratitude4 ,be t z x 
may1 ,jesus employ$ ?is indirect way (  
%ew+ ! ph>isee ! incivility ( 8 behavi\r
 to a man ( 8 consequ5ce4  ,! relations 
( ,jesus1 in=m$ ( ! noise he made1 &    
suspect+ t he c\ld n lead a v pure life 
among ! g5try ) :om he associat$2 or    
fe>+ t 8 conduct 9 ! end w\ld draw him  
into scrapes1 w5t f ,naz>e? to ,cap]naum
 to seize him1 & cause him to be conf9$4

 ,!y 7 afraid ( be+ involv$ 9 8         
disgrace1 & *ose r to *>ge !mselves ) 8 
correction1 ?an to see him deliv]$ up to
 ju/ice2 an ev5t :i* !y p]ceiv$ 0 likely
 soon to happ54 ,!y !re=e circulat$ a   
rumor1 t he 0 a fool1 ^: bra9 0         
disord]$4 ,jesus1 in=m$ ( ! motive ( _! 
j\rney1 kept close1 & _h a prodigy 9    
res]ve ! mom5t !y %\ld appe>4 ,! p1 :o  
_h a h9t ( ?is1 or 7 told ( x by !      
emiss>ies ( ! messiah1 repair$ ?i!r4 ,z 
soon z ! relations appe>$1 a bl9d & dumb
 man possess$ ) a devil 0 br\ght =?4    
,jesus exorcis$ him1 ! possess$ 0       
deliv]$1 & ! p 7 9 extacies4  ,! doctors
 beheld ) pa9 ! cr$ulity ( ! rabble1 &  
=esaw ! consequ5ces ( x4 ,! k9sm5 (     
,jesus1 little affect$ by ?is miracle1  
promis$ to ! doctors to use all _! ef=ts
 to deliv] him up to !m4 ,he is a       
sorc]]1 said "s2 he is a prophet1 said  
o!rs2 he mu/ prove x1 said a ?ird2 &1   
not)/&+ ! great miracle he _h p]=m$1    
o!rs add$1 ,let u ask ( him a sign 9 !  
air4 ,good ,god6 said ! ,naz>5es1 he is 

nei!r sorc]] nor prophet2 he is a poor  
lad ^: bra9 is disord]$4  ,^! spee*es   
be+ relat$ to ,jesus1 he answ]$ !m by   
p>ables & invectives1 & def5d$ himself f
 ! *>ge ( be+ a wiz>d1 by ma9ta9+ t x 0 
absurd to suppose he ca/ out devils by !
 p[] ( ! devil4 ,z to ! imputation (    
folly1 he repell$ x ) affirm+ t :oev]   
%\ld "q 8 intellect1 c\ld n expect !    
remission ( 8 s9s ei!r 9 ?is or 9 ! o!r 
_w4 ,?is und\bt$ly is :at mu/ be        
und]/ood by ! ,s9 aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/4  
,nev]!less ! midway c\rse ( dem&+ a sign
 0 foll[$2 = ?is purpose a deputation 0 
s5t to ,jesus2 b in/ead ( a sign 9 !    
air1 he gave !m "o 9 ! wat]4 ,he ref]r$ 
our inquisitive folks to ,jonas1 & told 
!m !y %\ld h no o!r sign2 =1 add$ he1 ,z
 ,jonas 0 ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 !   
belly ( ! :ale1 s %all ! ,son ( man be  
?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! he>t ( !    
e>?4 ,^! ,jews :o 7 nei!r wiz>ds nor    
prophets1 c\ld n compreh5d ?is language4
 ,jesus1 to :om miracles co/ no?+ :5 e  
?+ 0 arrang$ = p]=m+ !m1 did n risk     

himself by work+ !m impromptu1 or 9 !   
pres5ce ( ^? he judg$ acute en\gh to    
exam9e !m4 ,on ?is occasion he put (f ^!
 poor ,jews1 :om he calculat$ on conv]t+
 to himself = ev]1 ) an un9telligible   
answ]4  ,hav+ refus$ to p]=m a prodigy 9
 ! air1 he began to rail at !m4 ,he got 
into a passion1 & laun*$ out 9          
prophetical invectives aga9/ ! ,jews4   
,he comp>$ ! conduct ( ! que5 ( ,%eba ) 
!irs2 boa/$ ( 8 be+ great] & wis] ?an   
,solomon2 & ?reat5$ to deprive !m ( !   
light :i* he %$ 9 _! c\ntry4 ,we are (  
op9ion1 h[ev]1 t1 if he _h deign$ to    
give ! sign dem&$1 he w\ld h spread ?is 
light mu* fur!r4 ,b ! messiah felt t a  
sign 9 ! air 0 mu* m difficult ?an ^? he
 _h giv5 on ! e>?1 :]e he 0 bett] able  
to arrange matt]s ?an al(t 9 !          
atmosph]e1 a region 9 :i* !re 0 nobody  
to conc]t )4  ,mean:ile ,jesus' "m _h   
jo9$ h] o!r *ildr5 & relations 9 ord] to
 induce !m to desi/ f _! pursuit1 b %e  
c\ld n prevail on !m4 ,!y p]si/$ 9 !    
design ( appreh5d+ our adv5tur]4 ,z     

h[ev]1 !y c\ld n p5etrate ?r\gh !       
multitude & get close up to him1 !y s5t 
notice !y 7 !re4 ,behold1 said "s "o to 
,jesus1 ?y "m & ?y bre?r5 :o seek       
!e4--,jesus kn[+ ! object ( _! visit :i*
 he 0 no ways eag] to receive1 abjur$   
su* fr[>d relations2 ,:o is my "m1 & :o 
are my bre?r58 said he2 aft] :i*1 /ret*+
 =? 8 h& t[>ds ! p1 ,behold1 add$ he1 my
 "m & bre?r52 ,i "k no o!r k9sm5 ?an ^? 
:o he>k5 to my ^w1 & put x 9 practice4  
,! p1 flatt]$ ) ! pref]5ce1 took ,jesus 
"u _! protection1 & ! attempt ( 8 family
 0 ?us turn$ to _! confusion4  ,escap$ f
 ?is p]il\s adv5ture1 afraid ( be+      
ensn>$ or mi/ru/+ ! con/ancy ( !        
populace1 :o1 not)/&+ ! pleasure !y f\nd
 9 see+ him p]=m 8 juggles1 might des]t 
him at la/1 ,jesus ?\ght prop] to       
provide = 8 safety by leav+ ! t[n4 ,he  
accord+ly dep>t$ ) 8 twelve apo/les1 !  
ladies ( 8 tra91 ,m>y 8 "m1 ,jane &     
,magdalane1 :o assi/$ ! company ) _!    
prop]ty4 ,no d\bt ! la/1 :o be=e %e 0 ) 
! messiah _h made ga9 ( h] *>ms1 0 ri* 9

 jewels & ready money4 ,?is r5d]$ h]    
conv]sion ( great importance to ! sect1 
& especially to ,jesus1 :o c\ld n1 )\t  
cruelty1 refuse to repay s mu* love ) a 
little return4  ,! p]secution :i* ,jesus
 exp]i5c$ excit$ an int]e/ 9 8 behalf1 &
 x w\ld seem procur$ him great]         
c\nt5ance4 ,a multitude ( p impell$ by  
curiosity1 z soon z !y knew ! road he _h
 tak51 w5t out ( ! t[ns & hamlets 9 !   
environs to see him4 ,to avoid be+      
incommod$ by ! cr[d1 he aga9 resolv$ to 
g on bo>d a vessel1 f :i* he prea*$ to  
^? on %ore2 b recollect+ ! tr\ble1 :i* 8
 =m] s]mons _h br\ght him into1 he did n
 ?9k x prud5t to expla9 himself s       
cle>ly4 ,he1 !re=e1 pref]r$ speak+ 9    
p>ables1 :i* are always susceptible ( a 
d\ble mean+4  ,"o day *agr9$ at 8 little
 success1 he di/9ctly av[$ t he _h *ang$
 8 resolution z to ! jews1 & meant to   
ab&on _! conv]sion4 ,! reason = do+1 s  
he express$ to !m 9 p>ables2 t see+1 !y 
may n p]ceive1 & he>+ !y may n und]/&1  
le/ at any "t !y %\ld be conv]t$1 & _!  

s9s %\ld be =giv5 !m4  ,x mu/ be own$ t 
x is v difficult to reconcile ?is       
conduct ( ,god4 ,7 we n afraid (        
committ+ sacrilege by haz>d+ objections 
on ! mission ( ,jesus1 might x n be     
presum$ t at fir/ he _h ! design ( giv+ 
laws to ! ,jews2 b p]ceiv+ aft]w>ds 8   
little success1 he resolv$ to seek 8    
=tune else:]e1 & ga9 o!r subjects8 ,:at 
he communicat$ to 8 disciples 9 ?is     
secret view1 appe>s to h be5 = ! purpose
 ( prep>+ !m = ?is *ange2 b 8 puni%m5t  
prev5t$ all 8 designs1 :i* 7 n execut$  
till a long "t aft] by 8 apo/les1 :o no 
d\bt c>efully treasur$ up ?is conf]5ce4 
,we %all n ent] into a detail ( all !   
p>ables :i* ,jesus employ$ 9 communicat+
 8 m>vell\s doctr9e to ! ,jews1 or      
prea*+ )\t be+ und]/ood4 ,su* a         
discussion w\ld become v tiresome2 we   
!re=e advise ^? :o may h a ta/e = su*   
k9d ( apologues r to read ^? ( ,esop or 
,la ,fonta9e1 :i* !y w f9d m amus+ & m  
in/ructive ?an ! fables ( ,jesus4 ,^?1  
h[ev]1 :o wi% to consult ! p>ables ( !  

gospel1 w f9d !m 9 ! foll[+ places3--,! 
p>able ( ! s[]1 ,luke1 viii4 #e--( !    
conceal$ lamp1 ib4 viii4 #af--( ! t>es1 
,matt4 xiii4 #bd--( ! se$1 ,m>k iv4     
#bf--( ! gra9 ( mu/>d1 ,matt4 xiii4     
#ca--( ! leav51 ib4 xiii4 #cc--( ! hidd5
 treasure1 ib4 xiii4 #dd--( ! pe>l1 ib4 
xiii4 #de--( ! net ca/ into ! sea1 ib4  
#dg--;& ( ! fa!r ( ! family1 ib4 #eb4   
,jesus in=m$ t 8 bro!rs & c\s9s 7 f     
home1 w5t to ,naz>e? accompani$ ) 8     
apo/les4 ,he p]haps want$ to conv9ce 8  
c\ntrym5 t he 0 n su* a fool z 0        
report$4 ,probably he hop$ to conf] ) 8 
family1 & ga9 !m ov] to 8 p>ty4 ,he     
arriv$ on ! ,sabba?1 & repair$ to !     
synagogue3 imm$iately ! prie/ v politely
 pres5t$ him ) a book2 he op5$ x1 &     
/umbl$ precisely on ?is passage (       
,isaiah3 ,! _s ( ! ,"l has re/$ ^u me1 &
 !re=e ,i am ano9t$ to prea*4 ,hav+ %ut 
! book1 he deliv]$ x to ! prie/ & sat   
d[n2 b he did n neglect to apply to     
himself ?is passage ( ! prophet1 :]e    
also m5tion is made ( miracles &        

prodigies4 ,!re 7 pres5t1 ei!r by *ance 
or design1 sev]al ,gallileans1 :o hav+  
be5 witnesses ( ! m>vels ,jesus _h      
previ\sly p]=m$1 did n hesitate to be>  
te/imony 9 8 fav\r4 ,b ! ,naz>5es1 :o   
knew :at to ?9k ( him1 7 %ock$ at 8     
magi/]ial tone4 ,is n ?is1 said !y to "o
 ano!r1 ! c>p5t]1 ! son ( ,joseph !     
c>p5t]8 ,is n 8 "m call$ ,m>y8 ,are n 8 
bre?r5 & si/]s ) u8 ,:5ce !n has he s   
mu* skill8 ,h[1 & by :at means does he  
"w miracles8  ,jesus1 he>+ ^! rem>ks1   
saw pla9ly t ?is 0 n ! prop] place =    
p]=m+ prodigies4 ,b he wi%$ t 8 inaction
 might be attribut$ to ! evil           
dispositions ( 8 c\ntrym51 :o 7 surpris$
 to he> ! sagacity & p[] ( a man extoll$
 ^: conduct appe>$ to !m v equivocal4 ,i
 p]ceive1 said ,jesus to !m1 t y apply  
to me ! prov]b1 ,physician cure ?yself2 
& t1 to prove ! tru? ( :at y h he>d (   
me1 y wi% me to p]=m "s ( ^? miracles   
:i* ,i h else:]e exhibit$2 b ,i "k ,i   
%all lab\r 9 va9 9 ?is city3 ,i am too  
well conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( ! prov]b1 ,no   

man is a prophet 9 8 own c\ntry4 ,to    
ju/ify himself he quot$ examples :i*    
w\ld seem to ?r[ a suspicion on !       
miracles ( ! prophets ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1
 :om ?is prov]b1 ev5 by itself1 0       
calculat$ to make pass = knaves4 ,:atev]
 op9ion we may =m ( ?is1 he cit$ !      
example ( ,elias1 :o1 among all ! wid[s 
( ,israel1 did n f9d "o m des]v+ ( a    
miracle ?an h] ( ,s>epta1 a woman ( !   
c\ntry ( ! ,sidonians4 ,9 ! days (      
,elias1 ,judea 0 ov]run ) lep]s2 & yet !
 prophet cur$ ,naaman1 :o 0 a ,syrian & 
an idolat]1 9 pref]5ce to 8 c\ntrym54   
,?is h>angue1 :i* ins9uat$ ! reprobation
 & p]v]sity ( ! audi5ce1 excit$ _! rage 
s mu* t !y dragg$ ! orator out ( !      
synagogue1 & l$ him to ! top ( a m\nta9 
) an int5tion to ?r[ him d[n headlong2 b
 he _h ! good =tune to escape1 & ?us    
avoid ! fate :i* 0 int5d$ him 9 ! place 
( 8 nativity4 ,mat!w1 speak+ ( ?is      
j\rney to ,naz>e?1 says t 8 ma/] did n  
p]=m _m miracles !re on acc\nt ( !      
unbelief ( ! inhabitants4 ,b ,m>k says  

positively1 t he c\ld n d any1 :i* is   
/ill m probable4  ,our lum9\s int]pret]s
 & comm5tators believe1 t ,jesus escap$ 
only by a miracle out ( ! h&s ( !       
,naz>5es4 ,b w\ld x h co/ him m to p]=m 
a miracle 9 ord] to conv]t !m1 & !reby  
prev5t _! mis*iev\s designs8 ,?is 0 all 
t 0 requir$ ( him1 9 ord] to save       
himself & place 8 p]son 9 security4     
,jesus nev] p]=m$ miracles b ) c]ta9    
loss2 he always disp5s$ ) work+ any :5  
!y w\ld h be5 decisive1 & b5eficial4    
,,*apt] ,,xii4  ,,mission ,,( ,,!       
,,apo/les4--,,! ,,in/ructions ,,jesus   
,,gave ,,!m4--,,miracles ,,wr\ght       
,,until ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,second ,,ye>
 ,,( ,,8 ,,own ,,mission4   ,dissatisfi$
 ) 8 exp$ition to ,naz>e?1 ,jesus w5t to
 ,upp] ,gallilee1 :i* _h already be5 !  
!atre ( 8 wond]s4 ,he f\nd ! disposition
 ( ! inhabitants ( t c\ntry bett] adapt$
 to 8 purpose4 ,he p]ceiv$1 h[ev]1 t !  
necessity !y 7 "u ( susp5d+ _! labor to 
come & he> him1 kept a great numb] at   
home4 ,?is consid]ation oblig$ him to   

disp]se 8 apo/les by two & two 9 !      
prov9ce4 ,x is probable he resolv$ on   
?is disp]sion because he f\nd 8 own     
s]mons & prodigies did n ga9 _m         
proselytes4 ,! cont9ual ent]prizes ( 8  
enemies made him feel ! necessity (     
increas+ 8 p>ty4  ,x appe>s t ,jesus _h 
already s5t sev]al ( 8 disciples on     
missions1 reta9+ ne> himself 8 twelve   
apo/les only4 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be presum$1
 t ^! prea*]s 7 z yet m]e novices1 z _! 
labors 7 unsuccessful1 ! devils         
ob/9ately resi/+ _! exorcisms4 ,yet ?is 
want ( success 0 ow+ solely to !        
weakness ( _! fai?1 & w\ld seem to ?r[ a
 %ade on ! =esight & p5etration ( _!    
div9e ma/]4 ,:y did he s5d mission>ies  
^: dispositions 7 n suffici5tly kn[n to 
him8 ,besides1 x belong$ to him alone to
 be/[ on !m a necess>y /ock ( fai? = _! 
j\rney4  ,:atev] op9ion way be =m$ (    
?is1 ^? ( ! apo/les1 :o nev] quitt$ _!  
ma/]1 :o saw him cont9ually op]at+1 :o  
enjoy$ 8 confid5ce1 & _h fai? f ! fir/  
h&--7 bett] qualifi$ ?an ! o!rs to labor

 to ! satisfaction ( ! public4 ,fully   
resolv$ to make a desp]ate ef=t1 ,jesus 
r5ew$ all _! p[]s1 & gave !m 8          
in/ructions1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is !        
sub/ance3 ,e ?+ be+ well consid]$1 d n g
 among ! ,g5tiles1 = our ,jews w *>ge x 
z a crime aga9/ y1 & z a reproa* aga9/  
me4 ,x is true1 ,i h already ?reat5$ to 
r5\nce !m1 b x is /ill necess>y to make 
"o attempt m2 y w !re=e prea* to ! ,jews
 only4 ,rep5tance supposes sobriety &   
few wants2 h5ce ! inutility ( ri*es4 ,i 
h no money to give y1 b /rive to pick up
 = y\rselves :at y c4 ,provid5ce w      
provide = y2 if he takes c>e ( ! sp>r[s1
 he w take c>e ( y4 ,moreov] expect to  
be ill receiv$1 revil$1 & p]secut$2 b be
 ( good c\rage2 all is = ! be/4 ,sil5ce 
is no long] requisite2 prea* op5ly & on 
! h\se tops :at ,i h spok5 to y 9       
secret4 ,in=m ! _w t ,i am ! messiah1 ! 
son ( ,david & ! ,son ( ,god4 ,we h no  
long] to obs]ve discretion2 we mu/ ei!r 
conqu] or die2 away !n ) pusillanimity4 
,?\gh ,i s5d y =? z %eep 9 ! mid/ (     

wolves1 expla9 to ! good p t y are "u ! 
safegu>d ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 :o w take a    
t]rible rev5ge = ! outrages (f]$ y1 &   
lib]ally rew>d ^? :o welcome y4 ,y d n  
require to conc]t measures = supply+ y\r
 wants2 x belongs to ^? ^: s\ls y are   
go+ to save to provide y 9 necess>ies = 
! body4 ,c>ry n !re=e ei!r gold1 or     
silv]1 or provision1 or two suits (     
raim5t2 take a good cudgel1 & dep>t 9 ! 
"n ( ! ,"l4  ,take c>e 9 y\r way always 
to prea* t ! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&4    
,speak ( ! end ( ! _w3 ?is w intimidate 
wom5 & poltroons4 ,on ent]+ cities &    
villages1 in=m y\rself ( su* cr$ul\s p z
 are v *>itable & prepossess$ 9 our     
favor4 ,y w salute !m civilly2 say+     
,peace be to ?is h\se4 ,b ! peace y br+ 
mu/ be allegorical2 = my doctr9e is     
calculat$ to create tr\ble1 discord1 &  
division e :]e4 ,:oev] w\ld foll[ me1   
mu/ ab&on fa!r1 "m1 k9sm51 & family2 we 
want only fanatics & en?usia/s1 :o      
atta*+ !mselves :olly to u1 trample e   
human consid]ation "u foot4 ,i came n to

 s5d peace1 b a sword4 ,z a l conduct   
might embroil y ) y\r ho/s1 y w *ange   
y\r abode f "t to "t4 ,d n rely on ! p[]
 ,i h ( rais+ ! dead ! safe/ way = y is 
n to risk y\r be+ kill$2 %un !re=e      
places :]e y may be m5ac$ ) p]secution4 
,ab&on disob$i5t cities & h\ses1 %ak+ ! 
du/ f (f y\r feet4 ,tell !m1 t !y h     
incurr$ ! puni%m5t ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah4
 ,decl>e1 9 my "n1 t ! div9e v5geance is
 ready to make !m s5sible ( _! guilt1 & 
t ! inhabitants ( ^! cities w be less   
rigor\sly puni%$ ?an ^? :o %all h !     
audacity to resi/ y\r lessons4 ,! great 
& la/ day is at h&4 ,i assure y t y w n 
h f9i%$ y\r t\r ?r\gh all ! cities (    
,israel be=e ! son ( man %all arrive4   
,su* is ! s5se & _s ( ! in/ructions :i* 
,jesus gave to 8 apo/les4 ,9 *>g+ !m to 
divulge 8 secret1 he gave !m a          
commission1 :i*1 not)/&+ 8 omnipot5ce1  
he himself d>$ n execute4 ,b x 0 a gr&  
policy to h in/rum5ts to act )\t expos+ 
himself to p]sonal injury4  ,^! trifles1
 h[ev]1 sc>cely m]it notice3--,we are m 

surpris$ to f9d ! ,son ( ,god proclaim+ 
peace & *>ity1 & at ! same "t ass]t+ t  
he br+s w> & hatr$4 ,x is )\t d\bt a    
,god only :o c reconcile ^!             
contradictions4 ,x is besides           
unque/ionable1 t ! apo/les1 & especially
 _! successors 9 ! sacr$ m9i/ry h1 9    
prea*+ _! gospel1 br\ght on ! _w tr\bles
 & divisions unkn[n 9 all o!r prec$+    
religions4 ,! incr$ul\s1 :o by ! way    
ref] to ! hi/ory ( ! *ur*1 f9d1 t ! glad
 tid+s :i* a ,god came on purpose to    
ann\nce1 h plung$ ! human race into te>s
 & blood4  ,x is obvi\s f ?is language1 
t ,jesus *>g$ p ( prop]ty ) ! ma9t5ance 
( 8 apo/les4 ,_! successors h tak5      
suffici5t advantage ( ?is1 & ?r\gh x    
assum$ an au?ority to ex]cise ! mo/     
cruel extortions on impov]i%$ nations4  
,w\ld n ! ,almighty h r5d]$ 8 apo/les m 
respectable by r5d]+ !m incapable (     
suff]+1 & exempt+ !m f ! wants ( nature8
 ,?is w\ld h giv5 m weight to _! sublime
 s]mons & ^? ( _! infallible successors4
  ,critics ma9ta9 also1 t x 0 false to  

say eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ago t ! end ( ! 
_w 0 ne>1 & /ill m false to affirm t !  
great ,judge w\ld arrive be=e ! apo/les 
c\ld make ! t\r ( ! cities ( ,israel4 ,x
 is true1 !ologi/s und]/& t ! end ( ! _w
 %all happ5 :5 all ! ,jewi% cities1 t   
is1 :5 all ! ,jews %all be conv]t$4 ,"t 
w demon/rate :e!r x be 9 t s5se we ought
 to und]/& ! words ( ,jesus3 mean:ile ! 
_w /ill rema9s1 & does n appe> to ?reat5
 spe$y ru94  ,x is probable t1 besides  
^! public in/ructions1 ,jesus gave m    
p>ticul> ones to 8 apo/les4 ,!y dep>t$ 9
 ! hope ( *>ities :i* !y 7 to receive f 
,jews1 ( :om ! greate/ numb] 7 already 9
 a /ate ( reprobation4 ,jesus alt]$ 8   
ord]s 9 "p2 he res]v$ = himself !       
cities1 & left ! villages to 8 apo/les4 
,accord+ly !y w5t "h & !re1 call+ out1  
,he>k5 to ! glad tid+s2 ! _w is ne> its 
end4 ,rep5t !re=e1 pray1 fa/1 & give u  
money & provisions1 = hav+ acqua9t$ y ) 
?is int]e/+ secret4 ,we are assur$ t !y 
cur$ sev]al diseases by ! application ( 
a c]ta9 oil4 ,!y _h d\btless done m     

excell5t ?+s1 b ! p>aclete 7! com=t]7 0 
n yet come3 maugre ! in/ructions ( !    
,son ( ,god1 ! und]/&+s ( ! apo/les 7 n 
yet suffici5tly bright5$2 = we d n f9d t
 ! mission>ies1 ) _! balsam & f9e       
spee*es1 made any conv]ts4 ,! incr$ul\s 
are /ill mu* surpris$ to f9d 9 !        
in/ructions ( ,jesus to 8 apo/les1 an   
explicit ord] to labor only = !         
conv]sion ( ! ,jews1 & an express       
prohibition aga9/ prea*+ to ! ,g5tiles4 
,!y ma9ta91 t a righte\s ,god c\ld make 
no di/9ction ( p]sons2 t ! common fa!r (
 mank9d mu/ %[ an equal love to all 8   
*ildr53 t x co/ no m to ! ,almighty to  
conv]t & save all nations2 t a ,god1 :o 
is fri5dly to "o c\ntry only1 is a ,god 
purely local1 & _c be ! ,god ( !        
univ]se2 & t a ,god p>tial1 exclusive1 &
 unju/1 :o foll[s caprice alone 9 8     
*oice1 c nei!r be p]fect nor ! model (  
p]fection4 ,9 %ort1 ^? :o h n ! happ9ess
 ( be+ sacr$ly bl9d$ by fai?1 _c        
compreh5d h[ ! equitable & wise ,"l (   
all ! nations ( ! e>? c\ld *]i%         

exclusively ! ,jewi% p2 8 inf9ite       
presci5ce ought to h %[n him t 8 love & 
favors w\ld be completely lo/ on ?is    
untractable p4  ,unbeliev]s rem>k1 t x  
does n become ! ,son ( ,god to exclaim1 
,woe unto !e1 ,*oraz96 woe unto !e1     
,be?saida6 = if ! mighty works :i* 7    
done 9 y _h be5 done 9 ,tyre & ,sidon1  
!y w\ld h rep5t$ long ago 9 sackclo? &  
a%es4 ,w\ld x n h be5 wis] to h gone &  
prea*$ to cities s docile1 :]e ,jesus 0 
c]ta9 ( success1 ?an to p]si/ 9 prea*+  
to ! ,jews1 ( :om he 0 n c]ta9 ( mak+   
conv]ts8  ,jesus w5t ab\t prea*+ ?r\gh  
_m cities ( ,gallilee2 b depriv$ ( !    
assi/ance ( 8 confid5ts1 he did n "w any
 wond]s4 ,we h se5 ! magi/rates & !     
great pay+ little att5tion to 8 conduct4
 ,!y despis$ "o :om !y reg>d$ a vagrant1
 or a fool little to be fe>$4 ',tis     
true1 t "s ( ,h]od's (fic]s are said to 
h be5 on ! wat*1 ) ! ph>isees1 to de/roy
 him2 b ?is comb9ation _h no success4   
,aft] all1 he gave umbrage only to !    
prie/s & ! doctors ( ! law1 aga9/ :om he

 declaim$ ) ! greate/ indecorum4 ,by ?is
 conduct he r5d]$ himself agreeable to !
 p1 we>y ( ! extortions ( ^!            
bloodsuck]s1 :o1 )\t pity1 dra9$ !      
nation1 treat$ ! poor ) disda91 &1 z !  
p>able ( ! prie/ & ! ,sam>itan ev9ces1 7
 de/itute ( *>ity4 ,! prie/s & doctors 7
 v num]\s 9 ,j]usalem2 on :i* acc\nt ! p
 9 ! capital 7 less dispos$ ?an else:]e 
to li/5 to our prea*]1 & ! influ5ce ( ! 
prie/s 0 ! cause ( ! hatr$ & contempt   
ent]ta9$ aga9/ him 9 ?is great city4    
,by a s+ul> contr>iety1 ! mo/ obscure   
int]val 9 our h]o's life 0 t :]e9 he    
acquir$ ! greate/ r5[n4 ,jesus 0 :olly  
unkn[n at ! c\rt ( ,h]od2 :ile at ! head
 ( 8 troop1 & surr\nd$ by multitudes1 he
 *as$ away devils1 gave sight to ! bl9d 
& spee* to ! mute1 expell$ ! sell]s f ! 
temple1 & rais$ ! dead4 ,b :ile he l$ a 
private life 9 ,gallilee2 :51 dur+ !    
mission ( 8 apo/les1 he f\nd himself    
alone & )\t foll[]s1 & cont5t ) prea*+  
rep5tance1 x 0 !n t 8 fame1 p5etrat+ ev5
 to ! ?rone1 excit$ 9 ! mon>* a desire  

to see him4 ,accord+ to ,luke1 a ray (  
light /ruck ! he>t ( ,h]od2 d\bt fill$ 8
 m9d2 ,john1 said he1 ,i h caus$ to be  
behead$1 b he mu/ h ris5 f ! dead1 &1   
!re=e1 x is t s _m miracles are p]=m$ by
 him2 b :o %\ld ?is be ( :om ,i he> su* 
great ?+s8 ,h]od wi%$ to see ,jesus to  
expla9 ^! matt]s1 & = ?is purpose he s5t
 = him4  ,if nature _h giv5 ,jesus a "r 
to ! ?rone ( ,judea1 we might judge 8   
motives = n putt+ himself 9 ! p[] ( a   
pr9ce1 ! usurp] ( 8 cr[n4 ,b ,jesus c\ld
 n dissemble t 8 pret5sions 7 n well    
e/abli%$2 he knew t = a long "t ! family
 ( ,david _h lo/ ! sov]eign p[]4 ,we    
mu/1 !re=e1 se>* = ano!r motive = 8     
refus+ to see ,h]od1 z ! int]view ) !   
,son ( ,god w\ld n only h contribut$ to 
! conv]sion ( ?is pr9ce & 8 c\rt1 b (   
all ,judea1 & p]haps ( ! :ole ,roman    
empire4 ,a s+le miracle ( consequ5ce1   
p]=m$ be=e a c\rt1 & ackn[l$g$ & atte/$ 
by p]sons ( high au?ority1 w\ld h be5 m 
effectual ?an ! suspect$ te/imony ( all 
! peasantry & vagabonds 9 ,gallilee4 ,f>

 f comply+ ) ! reque/ ( ,h]od1 & conf]r+
 s em95t a b5efit1 ,jesus )drew into a  
des]t z soon z he le>n$ ! pr9ce's       
int5tion4 ,he1 :o (t5 utt]$ ! mo/       
t]rible curses aga9/ su* z reject$ him1 
scorn$ ! invitation ( a sov]eign1 & fl$ 
into a des]t1 in/ead ( labor+ = 8       
conv]sion4 ,! messiah1 :o made no       
difficulty 9 ent]+ ! h\se ( a c5turion  
to heal 8 slave1 refus$ to visit a mon>*
 9 ord] to cure 8 bl9dness1 & br+ back  
to himself all 8 subjects1 = :om1 he    
affirm$1 t he 0 specially s5t6  ,our    
!ologians expla9 ^! contradictions by   
ref]r+ to ! inexplicable decrees (      
,provid5ce4 ,b ! incr$ul\s ma9ta91 t    
,jesus1 :o well knew h[ to "w wond]s 9 !
 eyes ( a simple populace1 d>$ n to     
expose himself be=e an enlight5$ c\rt2 &
 x mu/ be own$1 t ! mann] 9 :i* he      
comport$ himself be=e 8 judges1 /r5g!ns 
?is op9ion4  ,mean:ile1 ! mission ( !   
apo/les expir$4 ,9 a %ort "t !y _h      
trav]s$ ,gallilee2 & x appe>s f ! repa/ 
:i* ,jesus soon aft] gave to a cr[d ( p1

 t ! prea*+ ( 8 mission>ies _h procur$  
an abundant h>ve/4 ,load$ ) ! alms ( !  
,gallileans1 ! apo/les return$ to _!    
ma/]1 :o aga9 f\nd himself incommod$ by 
! multitude :i* flock$ to see him4 ,to  
enjoy m lib]ty1 ! p>ty emb>k$ on bo>d a 
small vessel1 :i* convey$ !m across !   
sea ( ,gallilee4 ,!re1 9 a retir$ spot1 
! apo/les gave an acc\nt ( ! success (  
_! mission2 !y made arrangem5ts = !     
future1 & especially secur$ _!          
provisions 9 a place ( safety4  ,^? :o  
_h se5 ,jesus emb>k1 ?\ght1 p]haps1 !y 7
 =ev] to be depriv$ ( ! pleasure ( see+ 
him p]=m wond]s4 ,!y made ! t\r ( !     
lake1 & ?\gh on foot1 rea*$ ! o!r side  
be=e ,jesus arriv$ !re 9 8 vessel4 ,he  
prea*$1 wr\ght miracles1 & cur$ !       
diseas$2 & ^! labors la/$ until ! ev5+4 
,8 disciples !n advis$ him to s5d ! p 9 
se>* ( lodg+ & victuals 9 ! neighbor+   
villages4 ,he made no reply on ! article
 ( lodg+2--!re 7 d\btless few p]sons 9  
?is multitude :o 7 accu/om$ to sleep on 
d[n4--,besides1 ! nights 7 likely n cold

 9 t season & climate4 ,b1 wi%+ to amuse
 himself ) ! emb>rassm5t ( ^? :o made ! 
proposal1 & :o might n "k ! res\rces :i*
 ! collections ( 8 apo/les _h procur$1 x
 is n necess>y1 said he1 t !y %\ld g    
into ! villages2 give !m y\rselves :]e) 
to eat4 ,?9k y s8 repli$ !y1--%all we g 
& buy two hundr$ p5ny-wor? ( bread1 &   
give !m to eat8--,philip1 :o p]haps 0 n 
9 ! secret1 repres5t$ ! impossibility ( 
f9d+ bread to fe$ ?is multitude4 ,on :i*
 ,jesus said to ,pet]1 ,see h[ _m loaves
 y h4 ,he f\nd none--a circum/ance ! m  
surpris+1 z1 accord+ to ,m>k1 !y _h     
)drawn to ?is place on purpose to eat4  
,pet]1 )\t answ]+ ! "q1 said to 8 ma/]1 
,!re is a "y lad "h1 :o has five b>ley  
loaves & two small fi%es4 ,jesus ord]$  
!m to be br\ght1 & made ! multitude     
range !mselves 9 companies ( hundr$s & (
 fifties4 ,f ?is arrangem5t x appe>$ t  
!re 7 five ?\s& m51 besides wom5 &      
*ildr54 ,:5 e "o _h tak5 8 place on !   
grass1 ,jesus1 accord+ to ! usage ( !   
,jews1 bless$ ! loaves & fi%es1 broke1 &

 di/ribut+ !m among ! apo/les1 :o gave  
!re( to ! p z mu* z !y desir$4 ,!y      
likewise fill$ twelve baskets ) !       
fragm5ts ( ?is celebrat$ ent]ta9m5t4 ,! 
gue/s1 p5etrat$ ) admiration1 exclaim$1 
,?is is ( a tru? a prophet1 & t prophet 
:o %\ld come into ! _w2 :i*1 translat$  
into ord9>y language1 means1 ! true     
,amphitrion is he :o gives u our d9n]4  
,! apo/les spoke n a ^w4  ,"s critics1  
p]ceiv+ ! impossibilities ?is miracle   
pres5ts1 h v5tur$ to d\bt ! tru? ( x1 z 
if ! impossibility ( ?+s c\ld prejudice 
! reality ( a miracle1 ! ess5ce ( :i* is
 to produce ?+s impossible4 ,yet if     
att5tion is giv5 to ! acc\nt ( !        
evangeli/s1 :o are n1 h[ev]1 v unanim\s 
on p>ticul>s1 we %all f9d1 t ?is miracle
 pres5ts no?+ impossible if we are      
incl9$ to give any cr$it to ! prud5ce ( 
! ,son ( ,god2 :o1 on ?is occasion1 f\nd
 t he c\ld n make a bett] use ( !       
provisions amass$ by 8 apo/les1 ?an to  
di/ribute !m to a hungry multitude4 ,by 
?is act1 he saw himself c]ta9 ( ga9+ _! 

favor4 ,x may be ! cr[d 0 n q s num]\s z
 is relat$4 ,besides1 our apo/les1 9    
pass+ to ! opposite %ore1 might h ?r[n  
_! nets ) suffici5t success to furni%   
fi% = ! :ole company4 ,?is meal mu/ h   
appe>$ miracul\s to p]sons :o knew t    
,jesus _h no =tune1 & liv$ on alms4 ,we 
accord+ly f9d1 t ! p want$ to proclaim  
k+ ! p]son :o _h s sumptu\sly regal$ !m4
 ,! ent]ta9m5t no d\bt recall$ to _! m9d
 ! idea ( a messiah1 "u ^: gov]nm5t     
abundance 0 to reign4 ,no m 0 requisite 
to induce a h&ful ( mis]ables to        
believe1 t ! prea*]1 :o by a miracle f$ 
!m s lib]ally1 mu/ be ! extraord9>y man 
! nation expect$4  ,?is great miracle !n
 w become v probable1 by suppos+ t !    
apo/les 9 _! collection _h receiv$ a    
l>ge quantity ( bread4 ,!y amus$        
!mselves1 z has be5 obs]v$1 ) fi%+ :ile 
!y cross$ ! lake2 ,jesus gave !m !      
h9t3--:5 ev5+ 0 come1 ?+s 7 dispos$ )\t 
! obs]vation ( ! p1 :o 7 ?us f$ )       
provisions amass$ by v natural means4   
,?\gh ! ,gallileans wi%$ to proclaim    

,jesus k+1 he did n ?9k prop] to accept 
an honor :i* he f\nd himself = ! pres5t 
incapable ( support+4 ,8 exhau/$        
provisions did n suff] him to und]take !
 frequ5t ent]ta9+ ( s _m gue/s at 8 own 
exp5se2 & ?\gh ?is conduct1 mu* m ?an   
all 8 o!r miracles1 w\ld h ga9$ him !   
affections ( ! begg>s1 idl]s1 &         
vagabonds ( ! c\ntry1 ! necessity ( 8   
affairs prev5t$ him f recurr+ to x4     
,?us ,jesus cr[n$ ! second ye> ( 8      
mission ) an action well adapt$ to      
conciliate ! love ( ! p1 & at ! same "t 
give uneas9ess to ! magi/rates4 ,?is    
/roke ( eclat mu/ d\btless h al>m$ ^? 9 
p[]1 :o p]ceiv$ t ! affair might become 
v s]i\s1 especially consid]+ ! int5tion 
( ! ,gallileans to proclaim our adv5tur]
 k+4 ,! prie/s probably pr(itt$ by ^!   
dispositions 9 ord] to de/roy ,jesus1 :o
 at all times appe>$ anxi\s to ga9 !    
populace1 9 ord] to aid him 9 subdu+ !  
great4 ,?is project might h succe$$ if  
,judea1 z 9 times pa/1 _h be5 gov]n$ by 
k+s ( its own nation1 :o1 z ! ,bible    

%[s1 dep5d$ cont9ually on ! caprice (   
prie/s1 ( prophets1 or ( ! fir/ com]1 :o
 by pr$ictions1 declamations1 & wond]s1 
c\ld1 at w1 /ir up ! ,hebrew nation1 &  
dispose ( ! cr[n3 :]eas 9 ! "t ( ,jesus 
! ,roman gov]nm5t _h no?+ to fe> f !    
ef=ts ( sup]/ition4     ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 
,,jesus ,,repasses ,,into ,,gallilee    
,,ab\t ,,! ,,"t ,,( ,,! ,,?ird ,,passov]
 ,,9 ,,8 ,,mission--,,:at ,,he ,,did    
,,until ,,! ,,"t ,,he ,,left ,,x4   ,!  
expression ( ,john1 :o tells u1 t ,jesus
 kn[+ ! gue/s he _h ent]ta9$ w\ld come &
 take him by =ce on purpose to make him 
_! k+1 demon/rates t ^! gue/s _h )drawn 
at ! end ( ! ent]ta9m5t4 ,?is obs]vation
 enabl$ u to fix pretty correctly ! r\te
 ( ,jesus1 & af=ds a reason = 8 conduct4
  ,x 0 already late :5 ! disciples said 
to _! ma/]1 t x 0 "t to s5d away ! p4 ,!
 prep>ations = ! repa/ mu/ h consum$ "t3
 ! di/ribution ( ! victuals requir$ also
 "s h\rs2 s t daylight c\ld n h be5 f>  
(f :5 ! meal 0 f9i%$1 & :5 ,jesus       
dismiss$ 8 gue/s4 ,x 0 ab\t ! ev5+ he   

le>n$ ! design !y _h ( c>ry+ him (f to  
make him k+2 & x 0 n until aft] hav+    
receiv$ ?is intellig5ce1 t he resolv$ to
 conceal himself 9 a m\nta91 aft] hav+  
dispat*$ 8 disciples to ,cap]naum4 ,to  
rea* ! place1 ! latt] 7 oblig$ to make  
sev]al tacks2 :5 ,jesus1 obs]v+ ?is1    
*ang$ 8 resolution1 & set out =         
,g5nes>et1 on ! nor? side ( ! lake4     
,see+ him approa* at ! mom5t !y ?\ght   
him f> (f 9 ! recesses ( ! m\nta91 8    
disciples 7 t]rifi$2 !y took him = a _s1
 = spirits 7 v common 9 ,judea4 ,!y 7   
confirm$ 9 _! op9ion :5 !y p]ceiv$ 8    
%ad[ ne> ! vessel4 ,simon ,pet] obs]v+  
him advance1 did n d\bt b he 0 walk+ on 
! wat]s4 ,9 attempt+ to g & meet 8 ma/]1
 he felt himself s9k+2 b ,jesus took him
 by ! h&1 & sav$ him f ! dang]4 ,aft]   
reprim&+ him = 8 c[>dice1 he w5t ) him  
on bo>d ! %ip4 ,! apo/les1 :o _h n be5  
mu* /ruck ) ! miracle ( ! five loaves1 7
 a/oni%$ at ?is4 ,!y _h be5 9 great fe>1
 & fe> disposes to believe2 9 _! di/ress
 !y confess$ unanim\sly1 t he 0 ! ,son (

 ,god4  ,jesus rea*$ ,g5nes>et at noon4 
,!re sev]al ( 8 gue/s recogniz$ him1 &  
ann\nc$ 8 arrival to o!rs4 ,!y pres5t$  
him ! diseas$1 & he p]=m$ a great numb] 
( cures4 ,we _c too mu* admire ! fai? ( 
! ,gallileans1 :o expos$ at all seasons 
_! sick 9 ! /reets1 & ! complaisance (  
,jesus1 :o indefatigably cur$ !m4  ,!   
gue/s at ! miracul\s supp]1 :om _!      
affairs call$ home1 _h return$2 b !     
greate/ numb]1 t is1 all ! labor+ p1    
hav+ se5 ,jesus' %ip /e] = ,cap]naum1 _h
 set out by l& = t city4 ,"s vessels f  
,tib]ias arriv$ !re at ! same "t1 b none
 c>ri$ ,jesus1 & nobody _h se5 him2 = he
 _h made 8 passage dur+ night4 ,! cr[d1 
h[ev]1 rema9$1 9 hopes ( be+ aga9       
ent]ta9$ gratis1 :5 !y le>n$ at         
,cap]naum t ,jesus 0 on ! opposite %ore4
 ,imm$iately1 all our idle folks set    
out1 ei!r by l& or by wat]1 to visit    
him4 ,b ^! p>asites1 in/ead ( f9d+ a    
repa/ s]v$ out on ! grass1 7 ent]ta9$ ) 
a s]mon4 ,jesus1 :o _h n always :]e) to 
defray ! exp5ses ( s num]\s a c\rt1 held

 =? to !m ?is language3 ,v]ily1 v]ily1  
,i say unto y1 ye seek me1 n because y  
saw ! miracles1 b because ye did eat ( !
 loaves1 & 7 fill$4 ,lab\r1 add$ he1 =  
life ev]la/+4---- ,8 he>]s1 ^: ideas    
ext5d$ n beyond ! pres5t life1 did n    
compreh5d :at ,jesus meant2 !y !re=e    
ask$ him :at x 0 requisite !y %\ld d2 on
 :i* he told !m t x 0 necess>y !y %\ld  
become 8 disciples1 z he 0 ! messiah4   
,"h we are surpris$ to f9d !m ask+ (    
,jesus1 ,:at sign %[e/ ?\ !n t we may   
believe8 ,:at extraord9>y ?+ d y p]=m = 
t purpose8 ,y w p]haps in/ance ! supp] y
 gave u2 b did n our fa!rs eat manna 9 !
 des]t = =ty ye>s8 ,& aft] all1 :at is  
y\r supp] 9 comp>ison ) t wond]8  ,f ?is
 we may p]ceive t ,jesus labor$ 9 va9 to
 draw ov] ^! ,gallileans to 8 p>ty4 ,!  
cont9uation ( ! miracul\s repa/ 0 alone 
capable ( mov+ !m4 ,x 0 to no purpose   
,jesus ma9ta9$1 t ! bread ) :i* ,moses  
_h f$ _! fa!rs1 0 n ! bread ( heav51 :i*
 alone c\ld prop]ly n\ri%4 ,an empty    
belly has no e>s2 s !y suff]$ him to    

prea* on4 ,aft] he _h spok5 a great     
deal--,well1 said !y1 give u ?is bread  
:i* alone n\ri%es1 = x signifies little 
to u :at k9d ( bread we eat2 b "s we mu/
 h4 ,promise to furni% u ) x at all     
times1 & at ?is price we %all be at y\r 
devotion4  ,if ,jesus at ?is mom5t _h   
possess$ ! same res\rces z =m]ly1 he    
w\ld h be5 able1 at little exp5se1 to =m
 a small army1 :i* ! assurance ( hav+   
food )\t toil w\ld h soon increas$2 b   
all fail$4 ,^! p (f]$ !mselves provid+  
he w\ld always furni% !m ) bread4 ,!    
proposition 0 urg5t1 & ,jesus got (f ) s
 bad a grace1 t 8 disciples !mselves 7  
%ock$ at x4 ,he said to !m1 t he himself
 0 bread1 t 8 fle% 0 meat1 & 8 blood    
w9e2 & t ^? only :o eat x w\ld be rais$ 
up1 & conduct$ to ev]la/+ banquets4 ,our
 dull folks compreh5d$ none ( ?is       
my/]i\s j>gon1 contriv$ on purpose to   
puzzle !m4 ,p]ceiv+ t !y 7 n mov$ by x1 
he in=m$ !m t 9 ord] to foll[ him1 a    
p>ticul> call 0 necess>y1 & t z !y 7 n  
dispos$ to d ?is1 !y 71 !re=e1 n call$4 

,! adh]5ts ,jesus obta9$ on ?is occasion
 7 b few4 ,! ,jews 7 indignant t he %\ld
 pret5d to h desc5d$ f heav54 ,we "k1   
said !y1 8 fa!r & "m1 & we "k :]e he 0  
born4 ,^! rumors1 spread+ z f> z        
,j]usalem1 s irritat$ ! prie/s t !y     
resolv$ on 8 dea?2 b ! son ( ,god1 by   
skilful m>*es & c\nt]m>*es1 disconc]t$  
_! vigilance4 ,x 0 especially 9 !       
capital t !y wi%$ to ensn>e him2 b      
,jesus _h n be5 lately !re4 ,8 di/ance f
 ! metropolis did n1 h[ev]1 prev5t !m f 
kn[+ 8 mo/ secret proce$+s2 & f ?is he  
conclud$ !re 7 "s false bre?r5 among 8  
disciples4 ,he 0 n deceiv$2 b ! fe> (   
be+ betray$ 9 a c\ntry :]e 8 res\rces   
began to fail1 induc$ him to dissemble  
till he %\ld arrive 9 a place ( safety4 
,he set out1 !re=e1 = ,cap]naum4 ,at ?is
 place he recit$ ne>ly ! same s]mon he  
_h 9 va9 prea*$ to ! ,gallileans4 ,b no 
"o w\ld cons5t to receive z food 8 fle% 
& blood4 ,^? :o enjoy$ 8 confid5ce knew 
t he gave bett] *e]2 b 8 o!r disciples  
ass]t$ t !y c\ld n subsi/ on ?is my/]i\s

 mess1 & took _! leave ( him4 ,unable to
 d bett]1 ,jesus 0 oblig$ to let !m     
dep>t4  ,obs]v+ ! defection ( a "p ( 8  
foll[]s1 our adv5tur] 0 vex$ at x2 &1 9 
sorr[ = ! injuries x w\ld occasion1 he  
ask$ ! twelve1 ,& w y also leave me8 ,on
 :i* ,simon ,pet] answ]$1 ,"l1 to :om   
%all we g8 ?\ ha/ ! words ( et]nal life4
 ,& we believe1 & are sure1 t ?\ art !  
,*ri/1 ! son ( ! liv+ ,god4 ,?us ,jesus 
0 assur$1 9 ! be/ way he c\ld1 ( !      
fidelity ( 8 apo/les2 yet we see1 9     
spite ( 8 inf9ite k1 t he always kept ! 
traitor ,judas 9 8 company1 ?\gh he mu/ 
h =ese5 t he w\ld deliv] him up to 8    
enemies4  ,mean:ile1 ,jesus set out =   
,gallilee1 :i!r 8 apo/les foll[$ him1   
?\gh 8 la/ prea*+1 & p>ticul>ly !       
refusal ( victuals1 _h dissatisfi$ !    
,gallileans4 ,!y did n1 inde$1 give him 
a welcome reception4 ,! arrival ( "s    
ph>isees & doctors f ,j]usalem          
completely m>r$ ev]y?+4 ,!y 7 deput$ by 
! *iefs 9 ! capital to wat* ! conduct ( 
,jesus1 & to put ! p on _! gu>d4 ,e "o  

kn[s h[ /rictly ! ,jews adh]e to !      
c]emonies ( _! law2 &1 9 spite ( 8      
prote/ations ( atta*m5t to x1 ,jesus1 l 
8 tru/y fri5ds1 obs]v$ none ( its       
ord9ances4 ,x 0 p>ticul>ly (f5sive t !y 
ate )\t wa%+ _! h&s4 ,b he def5d$       
himself ) say+1 t x 0 bett] to violate  
traditions & neglect c]emonies1 ?an to  
infr+e ! comm&m5ts ( ,god1 z ! doctors  
did4 ,he advanc$1 contr>y to express    
law1 t no?+ :i* ent]s ! body defiles x1 
& t x is :at comes out ( x t r5d]s x    
impure4 ,?is seems to e/abli%1 t ,jesus 
& 8 p>ty 7 n scrupul\s z to _! victuals4
 ,!reaft] he laun*$ out 9 invectives    
aga9/ ! doctors1 :om he call$           
hypocrites1 ignorant & bl9d1 :o direct$ 
o!rs t 7 also bl9d4 ,9 8 ang] he did n  
p]ceive t ! complim5t 0 n less (f5sive  
to ! p ?an to _! guides4 ,on ?is acc\nt 
! latt] ent]ta9$ a deep res5tm5t1 b !   
populace did n reg>d x4 ,besides1 ,jesus
 did n all[ !m "t = reflection3 he      
engag$ _! att5tion by a f9e disc\rse1 to
 prove t lawy]s & prie/s 7 ! wor/ ( m5 &

 ! lea/ *>itable1 &1 t none c\ld be     
happy1 ei!r 9 ?is _w or 9 ! o!r1 )\t    
becom+ 8 disciples4  ,he 0 n[ in=m$ t   
!re 0 no safety = him 9 ?is place4 ,he  
!re=e left x 9 great ha/e1 int5d+ to g  
t[>ds ! fronti]s ( ,tyre & ,sidon4 ,8   
design 0 to live conceal$ 9 ! c\ntry2 b 
) su* great r5[n z t ( our h]o x 0      
difficult to cont9ue long unkn[n4 ,!    
secret ( 8 retreat 0 divulg$2 &1 z      
mis=tune sometimes turns to good1 ?is   
trifl+ duplicity gave him an opportunity
 ( p]=m+ a miracle among ! ,g5tiles4 ,a 
woman ( ,canaan bes\ght him to deliv] h]
 daught] f a devil t torm5t$ h]4 ,jesus 
at fir/ made h] no answ]4 ,%e insi/$2 ! 
apo/les int]c$$1 & press$ _! ma/] to    
grant h] reque/1 m]ely to sil5ce h]2 =  
%e 0 clamor\s1 & might h disclos$ t he 0
 ! messiah4 ,he def5d$ himself on ! plea
 ( be+ s5t to ! ,jews only1 & n to !    
,hea!n4 ,!y aga9 bes\ght him1 & answ]$ 8
 comp>ison by ano!r4 ,he at l5g? yield$2
 & ! girl 0 deliv]$ f h] devil1 or h]   
vapors4  ,! success ( ,jesus 9 ?is      

c\ntry t]m9at$ ) ?is miracle4 ,he pass$ 
into ,decapolis1 & !re acquir$ "s       
consequ5ce f ! cure ( a dumb & deaf man 
on pron\nc+ ! ^w ,epheta1 & !n putt+ 8  
f+] into 8 e>s & spittle on 8 tongue4   
,our mission>y on ?is occasion made a   
suffici5tly abundant h>ve/ ( alms4 ,he  
moreov] wr\ght a numb] ( miracles on !  
sick1 ! cripple1 & ! maim$4 ,b x 0 8    
cu/om to /eal away :5 8 miracul\s p[]   
began to make a noise2 he accord+ly     
)drew to a m\nta9 at ! di/ance ( ?ree   
days j\rney f ! place :]e he _h p]=m$ s 
_m miracles4 ,! p foll[$ him 9 8        
retreat1 & x appe>s t !y did s )\t eat+4
 ,load$ ) provisions or money procur$ by
 8 miracles1 ,jesus aga9 saw himself 9 a
 situation to lay ! table clo?4 ,z if he
 knew no?+ ( ?is1 he ask$ "o ( 8 apo/les
 h[ _m loaves !y _h3 sev5 0 ! answ]4 ,he
 !n ord]$ ! multitude to sit d[n on !   
gr\nd2 & tak+ ! loaves1 bless$ !m1      
toge!r ) "s small fi%es4 ,^! 7 di/ribut$
 to f\r ?\s& m51 besides wom5 & *ildr51 
:o 7 all satisfi$2 & ) ! rema9s ( !     

repa/1 !y aft]w>ds fill$ sev5 baskets4  
,?is prodigy appe>s to be a m]e         
repetition ( :at we h relat$ be=e2 yet  
,/4 ,*ryso/om ma9ta9s1 t ! diff]5ce ( ! 
numb] ( baskets proves irrefragably !y  
mu/ n be conf\nd$4 ,admitt+ ?is1 x w\ld 
appe> t ,jesus once m sacrific$ ! money 
& provisions 8 prodigies _h enabl$ him  
to amass4 ,x 0 necess>y to ga9 ! p1 & he
 at t "t felt he _h v great ne$ ( !m2 he
 0 g5]\s :5 he _h ! means to be s1 & he 
_h n =gott5 t !y _h promis$ to foll[    
him1 provid$ he w\ld give !m food4  ,!  
evangeli/s1 h[ev]1 ov]heat$ ) ! idea (  
?is miracle1 =got ano!r equally des]v+  
_! notice4 ,x 0 inde$ a prodigy to see  
f\r ?\s& m51 )\t reckon+1 wom5 & little 
*ildr51 foll[+ ,jesus dur+ ?ree days )\t
 eat+ or dr9k+2 or else we mu/ believe1 
t1 prep>$ to travel1 ^! p _h provid$    
!mselves ) provisions1 :i* sudd5ly      
fail$4 ,b1 9 a des]t1 :5ce came !       
baskets !y made use ( 9 ga!r+ up !      
rema9s ( ! ent]ta9m5t8 ,x is to be      
presum$1 t !y dropt d[n f heav54 ,b :y n

 make loaves & fi%es drop d[n also8 ,x 0
 und\bt$ly requisite to fe$ ?is         
multitude dur+ ! ?ree days m>* necess>y 
= _! return4 ,b w\ld x n h be5 a %ort   
way to h made ! p feel nei!r hung] nor  
?ir/8 ,w\ld x n h be5 easi]1 by an ef=t 
( m]cy1 to h conv]t$ at once all !      
inhabitants ( ,judea1 & sp>$ ,jesus !   
tr\ble ( s _m ent]ta9m5ts1 flights1     
m>*es1 & c\nt]m>*es1 :i* at la/ t]m9at$ 
9 a mann] s tragical to ?is h]o ( !     
romance8  ,! ph>isees & sadducees did n 
lose sight ( ,jesus3 on le>n+ t he _h   
return$ to ! int]ior ( ! k+dom1 !y w5t 9
 se>* ( him4 ,! evangeli/s1 x is        
suspect$1 made !m mu* worse ?an !y 7 9  
reality1 by repres5t+ !m z eag] to ru9  
!m4 ,0 x !n s difficult to arre/ ?irte5 
m58 ,be t z x may1 ! ,ph>isees at ?is "t
 acco/$ ,jesus v politely1 & dem&$ ( him
 a miracle4 ,y p]=m !m1 said !y1 by     
doz5s1 9 pres5ce ( a ?\s& p1 :o by y\r  
own confession1 d n believe 9 y2 give u 
!n a specim5 ( y\r skill1 & we %all be  
less op9iative ?an ^? ( :om y compla94  

,d !n %[ u ?is condesc5sion4 ,jesus 0   
inexorable1 & p]petually ref]r$ !m to   
,jonas4 ,?is refusal (f5d$ !m3 he1 9    
turn1 inveigh$ aga9/ !m2 & z ! pres5ce (
 ^! inconv5i5t spectators r5d]$ 8 p[]   
useless1 he quitt$ !m 9 ord] to g to    
,be?saida4  ,on ! way1 8 apo/les ask$   
him ! reason ( 8 refusal to "w a miracle
 9 pres5ce ( p]sons :o entreat$ him 9 s 
h&some a mann]2 on :i* ,jesus1 by a     
figure1 gave !m to und]/&1 t he c\ld n  
op]ate be=e p s cle>-sight$2 ,bew>e1    
said he1 ( ! leav5 ( ! ,ph>isees1 & ( ! 
leav5 ( ,h]od4 ,our silly folks1 :o _h n
 "t to provide bread1 ?\ght _! ma/]     
meant to reprove !m = _! neglig5ce4 ,any
 o!r b ,jesus w\ld h laugh$ at ! mi/ake1
 b ! /ate ( 8 affairs *agr9$ him1 & he  
treat$ !m v h>%ly4  ,on ent]+ ,be?saida1
 !y br\ght him a bl9d man :om he cur$ by
 apply+ spittle to 8 eyes4 ,?is rem$y at
 fir/ produc$ a pleasant effect3 ! man  
saw o!r m51 l trees1 walk+2 ,jesus !n   
laid 8 h&s on him1 & imm$iately he saw q
 o!rwise4  ,b ?is miracle ga9$ no       

conque/ to ! messiah4 ,he1 !re=e1 w5t to
 try 8 =tune 9 ! villages 9 ! environs (
 ,caes>ea-,philippi4 ,x is 9 ?is j\rney 
t ask+ 8 apo/les :at !y ?\ght ( him1 "s 
said1 t he pass$ = ,elias1 o!rs =       
,j]emiah1 c42 b ,pet] op5ly confess$ t  
he ackn[l$g$ him = ! ,*ri/3 a confession
 :i* has s9ce ga9$ him ! honor (        
supremacy 9 ! sacr$ college1 & ( be+    
decl>$ ! head ( ! *ur*4  ,?\gh sov]eign 
9 heav51 ,jesus possess$ no?+ on e>?1 & 
( c\rse c\ld conf] no temporal gifts4   
,in/ead ( ^!1 he gave 8 disciples !     
spiritual privilege ( damn+ & sav+ ! re/
 ( mank9d at _! pleasure4 ,he promis$ to
 ,pet] ! place ( door-keep] ( ,p>adise1 
s9ce become s lucrative an (fice to 8   
successors & assigns4 ,mean:ile ,jesus  
recomm5d$ sil5ce to ! p>ty on ?is       
promotion2 b p]haps ! traitor ,judas1 n 
satisfi$ ) ! (fice ( treasur]1 did n    
pres]ve ! secret4  ,not)/&+ ! suffrage (
 ,pet]1 ! consequ5ces :i* might result f
 ! *ol] ( ! prie/s 7 always pres5t to ! 
m9d ( ,jesus4 ,cri$ d[n & reject$1 he   

presum$1 ) good s5se1 t1 be+ once       
exclud$ f all ! prov9ces1 & ! ,g5tiles n
 mu* incl9$ to receive = legislator a   
,jew1 expell$ 8 own c\ntry1 he w\ld be  
con/ra9$ soon] or lat]1 to return to    
,j]usalem1 :]e he mu/ expect to meet )  
p]il\s adv5tures4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !       
,romans1 ma/]s ( ! =ces ov] :om ! ,jews 
c\ld arrogate no au?ority1 w\ld v       
quickly h put an end to ! mission ( a   
man :om !y mu/ h reg>d$ ei!r z a fool or
 z a di/urb] ( ! public peace1 if he    
%\ld h d>$ to decl>e aga9/ !m4 ,x is    
evid5t1 inde$1 t ! mission ( ,jesus     
exi/$ 9 ,judea m]ely because ! ,romans 7
 n mu* displeas$ t a re/less & turbul5t 
p %\ld amuse !mselves ) foll[+ a man ( 8
 "*--a pret5d$ messiah1 to ^: appe>ance 
! prepossessions ( ! nation gave rise4  
,always c]ta9 ( be+ able to cru% ^? :o  
d>$ to und]take ! bolde/ ent]prises1 !y 
tr\bl$ !mselves little ab\t :at might be
 done 9 ! c\ntry by a p>ty no way       
=midable to an au?ority second$ by      
discipl9$ legions4  ,! situation ( !    

,son ( ,god mu/ h al>m$ 8 companions1   
h[ev] dull we may suppose !m to h be54  
,x 01 !re=e1 necess>y to devise means to
 enc\rage ^? at lea/ :o 7 ! hone/ dupes 
( 8 va9 promises4 ,he did n dissemble ! 
bad /ate ( 8 affairs1 ! fate he _h to   
dread1 & ! dea? ) :i* he 0 m5ac$4 ,he   
anticipat$ !m on ?is subject1 & decl>$ t
 ev5 if he %\ld suff] dea?1 !y mu/ n be 
disc\rag$1 = at ! end ( ?ree days he    
w\ld rise triumphant f ! tomb4 ,we %all 
aft]w>ds see ! use ! apo/les made ( ?is 
pr$iction1 :i* mu/ at ! "t h appe>$ to  
!m z fooli% z incr$ible4  ,to reta9 !m z
 8 foll[]s1 & revive _! zeal1 ,jesus    
ent]ta9$ !m incessantly ) ! beauty ( 8  
,fa!r's k+dom2 b he told !m t to arrive 
!re1 !y mu/ h c\rage1 love him s9c]ely1 
& cons5t to suff] ) him4 ,^! melan*oly  
s]mons demon/rat$ ! situation ( !       
orator1 & t5d$ r to depress ?an incite !
 c\rage ( 8 auditory4 ,he1 !re=e1 ?\ght 
x seasonable to pres5t to 8 disciples a 
specim5 ( ! glory :i* he _h s (t5       
vaunt$4 ,= ?is purpose he exhibit$ !    

brilliant spectacle ( ! transfiguration4
 ,all ! apo/les 7 n witnesses ( x3 he   
grant$ ?is favor to ?ree only1 ,pet]1   
,james1 & ,john1 8 mo/ intimate         
confid5ts1 to :om he recomm5d$ sil5ce4  
,?is sc5e took place1 x is said1 on m\nt
 ,?abor4 ,!re ,jesus appe>$ irradiat$ ) 
glory1 accompani$ ) two o!rs1 :om !     
apo/les took = ,moses & ,elias1 & :om1 z
 f> z we c discov]1 !y _h nev] se5 be=e4
 ,a cl\d unexpect$ly envelop$ ! ?ree    
lum9\s bodies2 & :5 !y no long] beheld  
any p]son1 a voice 0 he>d pron\nc+ ^!   
words1 ,?is is my belov$ ,son4 ,!       
disciples 7 asleep :ile ! spectacle 0   
display$--a circum/ance :i* has         
occasion$ a suspicion1 t ! :ole 0 only a
 dream4  ,! apo/les1 :o rema9$ at ! foot
 ( ! m\nta91 & _h be5 depriv$ ( ?is     
spectacle1 wi%$ to try _! spiritual p[]s
 on a lunatic1 or "o possess$2 b ! devil
 disreg>d$ _! exorcisms4 ,! fa!r ( !    
disord]$ p]son1 p]ceiv+ _! ma/] desc5d+ 
f ! m\nta91 imm$iately pres5t$ 8 son to 
him1 :om ,jesus cur$2 he !n gave a /rong

 reprim& to ^? fumbl]s2 told !m t _!    
want ( success 0 ow+ to want ( fai?1 a  
gra9 ( :i* 0 suffici5t to remove        
m\nta9s2 & recomm5d$ to !m fa/+ & pray]1
 z ! sure/ means ( expell+ c]ta9 demons 
m rebelli\s ?an o!rs4  ,! p1 h[ev]1     
)/ood all ^! wond]s3 ! devils1 ) :om !y 
7 possess$1 c\ld n be expell$ by any ?+ 
:i* ,jesus _h n contriv$4 ,expect+1     
!re=e1 to draw ov] "s ( ! /rang]s :om ! 
solemnities always br\ght 9 great numb]s
 to ! capital1 he resolv$1 z ! fea/ ( ! 
tab]nacles 0 approa*+1 secretly to      
repair ?i!r4 ,b1 agitat$ by ! mo/       
tr\blesome misgiv+s1 he trav]s$         
,gallilee2 he expla9$ himself on 8 fe>s 
9 an enigmatical mann] to 8 apo/les1 :o 
c\ld n compreh5d :at he said2 b :o1 on  
obs]v+ _! ma/] griev$1 con=m$ !mselves  
to 8 humor4  ,on arriv+ at ,cap]naum1 ! 
place ( 8 usual resid5ce1 ! (fic]s *>g$ 
) collect+ ! cu/oms tak+ him = a /rang]1
 & n ev5 recognis+ ,mat!w1 _! old       
companion exact$ tribute f !m4 ,jesus   
be+ a ,jew1 0 (f5d$ at _! dem&2 b :e!r  

!y did n he>k5 to 8 reasons1 or t he did
 n wi% to be kn[n1 he dispat*$ ,pet] 9  
se>* ( a piece ( ?irty-p5ce 9 ! m\? ( a 
fi%2 or r desir$ him g & cat* a fi%1 :i*
 be+ sold = t sum1 s]v$ to pay ! cu/om4 
,! apo/les hav+ und]/ood f ! ,savi\r's  
disc\rses1 t 8 k+dom 0 /ill v di/ant1   
occupi$ !mselves ) disput+ on !         
pre-em95ce & ranks !y %\ld enjoy 9 !    
empire :i* _h be5 obscurely ann\nc$ to  
!m4 ,9 ?is !y h be5 s9ce fai?fully      
imitat$ by _! successors4 ,9 ! mean "t  
,jesus took occasion f ?is dispute to   
deliv] a s]mon on humility4 ,he call$ = 
a *ild1 plac$ x 9 ! mid/ ( !m1 & decl>$ 
t ?is *ild 0 ! greate/ among !m4 ,?is   
s]mon1 by :i* our cl]gy h pr(itt$ s     
well1 conta9s f9e p>ables1 & po9ts out  
excell5t means :]eby to atta9 heav51 b n
 to ?rive on e>?4 ,z all ^!1 h[ev]1 are 
only repetitions ( :at is taught 9 !    
s]mon on ! m\nt1 we ref] ! read] to x4  
,jesus wr\ght no miracles dur+ 8 abode  
at ,cap]naum1 :]e he _h an int]e/ n to  
be too mu* spok5 (4 ,8 bre?r5 or 8      

p>5ts1 :o 7 ( ! same m9d z ! prie/s1    
proce$$ to t place on purpose to p]suade
 him to leave 8 asylum & g into ,judea1 
:]e he might exhibit 8 skill4 ,!y rem9d$
 him t ! fea/ %\ld draw him to          
,j]usalem1 :]e he c\ld n fail to f9d an 
opportunity ( signalis+ himself4  ,?is  
ironical tone enabl$ ,jesus to =esee t  
!y 7 plott+ aga9/ him4 ,"h et]nal tru?  
extricat$ itself f ^! importunities by  
means ( falsehood4 ,! ,son ( ,god told 8
 bre?r5 to g to ! fea/1 b assur$ !m t = 
himself he w\ld n g4 7,john vii4 #h47   
,?is1 h[ev]1 did n h9d] him f tak+ !    
road to ,j]usalem1 b ) ! greate/        
secresy4 ,9 8 way he cur$ t5 lep]s1     
among :om "o only1 :o 0 a ,sam>itan1    
%ew$ any gratitude to 8 physician2 & f  
c\rtesy to 8 fai? 8 s9s 7 remitt$4      
,not)/&+ ?is miracle & absolution1 !    
incr$ul\s d n admit t ,jesus c be       
acquitt$ ( hav+ prev>icat$4 ,x seems v  
/range1 t ! ,son ( ,god1 to :om 8       
omnipot5ce furni%$ s _m honorable means 
( act+ op5ly1 _h rec\rse to subtlety &  

deception 9 ord] to elude ! sn>es ( 8   
enemies4 ,?is conduct c be expla9$ only 
by suppos+ t :at seems falsehood to     
c>nal eyes is tru? 9 ! gospel4          
,,*apt] ,,xiv4  ,,jesus ,,%ews ,,himself
 ,,at ,,j]usalem4--,,he ,,is ,,=c$ ,,to 
,,leave ,,x4--,,resurrection ,,(        
,,laz>us4--,,triumphant ,,entry ,,(     
,,jesus4--,,8 ,,retreat ,,to ,,! ,,g>d5 
,,( ,,olives4--,,! ,,"l',s              
,,supp]4--,,he ,,is ,,arre/$4   ,x is   
probable t our h]o *ang$ 8 int5tion (   
%[+ himself publicly at ,j]usalem on    
le>n+ ! div]sity ( op9ions :i* divid$ ! 
capital on 8 acc\nt4 ,he imag9$ t 8     
pres5ce & disc\rses w\ld rem$y !        
incon/ancy ( ! p1 & remove ! p]plexity (
 disputants2 b he deceiv$ himself4 ,he  
:o s (t5 recomm5d$ ! cunn+ ( s]p5ts1    
fail$ on ?is occasion4 ,b h[ revoke an  
immutable decree8 ,! _w _h be5 creat$   
solely on purpose t man might s91 & man 
_h s9n$ 9 ord] t ,jesus by 8 dea? might 
h ! glory ( mak+ atonem5t = s9n]s4  ,if 
!y spoke mu* evil ( ,jesus 9 ,j]usalem1 

!y spoke also mu* good4 ,praise is a    
sn>e1 :]e9 ! ,son ( ,god himself 0      
caught4 ,flatt]+ himself ) be+ able to  
reconcile ! suffrages1 he w5t to !      
temple & prea*$4 ,b :at mu/ h be5 8     
surprise :5 on beg9n+ to speak he he>d !
 cries ( rage1 & ! multitude accus+ him 
( be+ possess$ ) a devil4 ,9 spite ( !  
noise t prevail$ among ! audi5ce1 ,jesus
 cont9u$ to h>angue4 ,p]haps he might h 
succe$$ 9 conqu]+ ! bad disposition ( ! 
assembly1 if a company ( soldi]s _h n   
arriv$1 & int]rupt$ him precisely 9 !   
mo/ pa!tic "p ( 8 s]mon4 ,he 0 speak+ ( 
8 heav5ly ,fa!r2 & ?is occurr5ce has    
und\bt$ly made u lose a sublime treatise
 on ! nature ( ! div9ity4 ,! soldi]s1   
h[ev]1 _h no design to seize him2 !y    
wi%$ only to impose sil5ce on him2 x 01 
!re=e1 easy = him to /eal away4  ,jesus1
 ^: temp] appe>s to h be5 v9dictive &   
re/less1 0 piqu$ at ! insult1 & cont9u$ 
8 invectives aga9/ ! prie/s1 doctors1 & 
pr9cipal m5 among ! ,jews1 :o tak+      
c\nsel on ! subject1 agre$ to issue a   

decree aga9/ him & try him = contumacy2 
b ,nicodemus1 :om we m5tion$ be=e1      
und]took 8 def5ce1 & propos$ to 8 bre?r5
 to g & he> him be=e condemn+ him4 ,!y1 
h[ev]1 insi/$ t no good ev] came out (  
,naz>e?1 i4e4 t 8 protegee c\ld be no   
o!r ?an a vagabond4  ,9 8 retreat on !  
m\nt ( ,olives1 ,jesus le>n$ t !y _h    
po/pon$ proce$+s aga9/ him4 ,he !re=e   
appe>$ next day 9 ! temple by day break4
 ,! doctors & s5ators came a little     
lat]1 & br\ght him a female accus$ (    
adult]y--a crime = :i*1 accord+ to !    
law1 %e ought to suff] dea?4 ,! doctors1
 p]haps acqua9t$ ) h] conduct1 & in=m$ (
 ,jesus' hav+ wom5 ( wick$ lives 9 8    
tra91 want$ to ensn>e him4 ,he might h  
got (f by m]ely say+1 t x 0 n = him to  
judge2 b he wi%$ to argue4 ,he wrote on 
! gr\nd2 & conclud$1 v prud5tly1 t = "o 
to judge x is necess>y to be himself    
exempt$ f all s94 ,!n address+ himself  
to ! doctors1 let him among y :o is )\t 
s91 ca/ ! fir/ /one at h]4 ,at ^! words 
!y dep>t$1 %rugg+ _! %\ld]s4 ,jesus     

rema9$ alone ) ! adult]ess1 :om ! ,jews 
w\ld n h treat$ s t5d]ly if %e _h be5   
really culpable4 ,on ?is he said to h]1 
,s9ce no man ha? accus$ !e1 nei!r w ,i  
condemn !e3 ,g !n1 & s9 no m4  ,hav+    
happily escap$ f ?is dang]1 ,jesus ?\ght
 himself 9 safety2 b1 induc$ by 8       
natural petul5ce1 he aga9 haz>d$ a s]mon
 9 ! temple3 he spoke only ( himself2 & 
:at foll[s 0 ne>ly 8 /ronge/ argum5t3 ,y
 ask1 said he1 a full pro( by two       
witnesses4 ,n[ ,i be> witness ( my      
,fa!r1 & my ,fa!r be>s witness ( me2 y  
!re=e ought to believe 9 me2 :i* am\nts 
to ?is2 my ,fa!r proves me1 & ,i prove  
my ,fa!r4 ,! doctors1 b little surpris$ 
) ?is circuit\s & errone\s reason+1 & ) 
a view to come directly to ! po9t1 ask$ 
him1 ,:o art ?\8 ,i am1 repli$ ,jesus1 f
 ! beg9n+1 & ,i h _m ?+s to say to y2 b 
,i speak to ! _w ^? ?+s only :i* ,i h   
he>d ( my ,fa!r4 ,! audi5ce 7 no d\bt   
impati5t at ^! ambigu\s answ]s3 ,jesus1 
:o wi%$ to increase _! emb>rassm5t1 !n  
add$ t !y w\ld "k him mu* bett] aft] !y 

_h put him to dea?4  ,! messiah did n   
omit to display great views 9 ?is       
conf]5ce3 he in=m$ 8 he>]s 9 d>k        
language1 t x w\ld n p]haps be          
impossible to %ake (f ! ,roman yoke4 ,b 
ei!r ?r\gh fe>1 or t !y did n believe   
su* a man 9 a condition to effect s     
great a revolution1 !y affect$ n to     
compreh5d him4 ,piqu$ at f9d+ ! doctors 
& ph>isees s dull & op9iative1 he call$ 
!m *ildr5 ( ! devil2 he affirm$ t he 0  
old] ?an ,abraham4 ,9 %ort1 he broke out
 9 a mann] s unreasonable t ! p1 decl>+ 
aga9/ him1 7 ab\t to /one him4 ,jesus1  
p]ceiv+ 8 folly :5 too late1 conceal$   
himself until an opportunity (f]$ to    
escape4  ,f ?is "t 8 miracles became m  
r>e1 & ! zeal ( ! p subsid$4 ,x 0 !re=e 
necess>y to rek9dle x3 ,jesus accord+ly 
p]=m$ a miracle by cur+ a man born bl9d 
) a little e>? moi/5$ ) spittle4 ,?is   
man 0 a well kn[n m5dicant1 :om !y c\ld 
n suspect ( any artifice4 ,yet !y w\ld  
no long] tol]ate him aft] he _h receiv$ 
8 sight2 an incid5t :i* no d\bt dim9i%$ 

! alms he 0 9 use to receive4 ,b1       
p]haps1 he 0 made a disciple4 ,"s       
leg5ds1 inde$1 ass]t1 t aft] ! dea? (   
,jesus he came into ,gaul1 :]e he became
 a bi%op or inspector2 :i* at lea/      
presupposes good organs ( vision4  ,?is 
prodigy com+ to ! k ( ! ,ph>isees1 !    
begg> und]w5t an exam9ation2 he op5ly   
confess$ t "o call$ ,jesus _h cur$ him )
 a clay ( 8 composition & "s ba?+s 9    
,siloam4 ,on ?is occasion1 ! bad humor (
 ! ph>isees w5t a little too f>4 ,!y    
made x a crime = ! physician to h       
compos$ 8 o9tm5t on ! ,sabba?1 & =m$ !  
project ( excommunicat+ :oev] %\ld      
c\nt5ance him4  ,?is resolution made    
,jesus tremble4 ,he knew ! p[] (        
excommunication among ! ,jews2 he f\nd  
himself cross$ 9 all 8 designs2 & d>$ n 
v5ture to prea* 9 ,j]usalem1 or %[      
himself 9 any o!r place4 ,e ?+1 ev5 8   
miracles1 turn$ aga9/ him1 & x 0 n )\t  
"s difficulty t he _h escap$ f !        
capital4 ,at a little di/ance he knew ( 
an asylum 9 ,be?any1 :]e 8 fri5d ,laz>us

 possess$ a h\se4 ,he accord+ly took !  
resolution ( retir+ ?i!r2 b ?\gh x 0 a  
l>ge h\se1 ! p>ty t accompani$ him might
 h incommod$ _! ho/4 ,?is det]m9$ ,jesus
 to s5d sev5ty ( 8 disciples on a       
mission to ,judea1 to :om x appe>s he n[
 gave v able p[]s2 = on _! return we f9d
 !m applaud+ !mselves1 & ov]joy$ at !   
facility ) :i* !y expell$ ! devils4     
,sc>cely _h ,jesus arriv$ at ,be?any1 :5
 9 ord] to receive him 9 a becom+ mann]1
 !y prep>$ a banquet4 ,b ! voluptu\s    
,magdalane1 cont5t to dev\r ) h] eyes h]
 de> ,savi\r1 left ,m>?a h] si/] to     
sup]9t5d ! arrangem5ts 9 ! kit*5 :ile %e
 h]self cont9u$ at 8 feet4 ,peevi%ness1 
& p]haps jeal\sy1 got ! bett] ( ,m>?a2  
%e came & scold$ ,magdalane2 b ! t5d]   
messiah und]took ! def5ce ( 8 p5it5t1 & 
ass]t$ t %e _h *os5 ! bett] "p4 ,bro!r  
,laz>us1 :o came 9 unexpect$ly1 t]m9at$ 
! squabble by ord]+ !m to _! "w4  ,?is  
little alt]cation 0 ! cause :y ,jesus   
did n t>ry long at ,be?any4 ,:5 ab\t    
leav+ x1 a ph>isee ?r\gh pure curiosity 

invit$ him to d9n]4 ,! messiah accept$ 8
 invitation2 b our unpoli%$ ,jew _h n ! 
civility to give 8 gue/ wat] to wa% )4  
,?is occasion$ him a f9e lecture on     
*>ity & fill$ ) m>vell\s comp>isons1    
:i*1 h[ev]1 we %all omit1 z our orator s
 frequ5tly conn$ ov] ! same lesson1 & z 
?is d9n] appe>s to be a repetition ( "o 
we h already m5tion$4  ,f ?is p]iod till
 ! fea/ ( ! d$ication ( ! temple1 our   
h]o w&]$ 9 ! environs ( ,j]usalem ) 8   
disciples1 :om he incessantly ent]ta9$ )
 ! gr&eur ( 8 a]ial k+dom1 & :at x 0    
necess>y to d 9 ord] to ent] x4 ,x 01   
accord+ to ,luke1 on ?is occasion1 &    
accord+ to ,mat!w 9 ! s]mon on ! m\nt1 t
 he taught ! apo/les1 :o c\ld n read1 a 
%ort pray] call$ s9ce t "t ! ,"l's      
pray]1 :i* 7injuri\s z x is to !        
,div9ity1 :om x seems to accuse ( lead+ 
u into temptation17 ,*ri/ians /ill      
cont9ue to repeat4  ,mean:ile "t pass$  
away )\t any advantage4 ,! cessation (  
prodigies & prea*+ occasion$ t ( alms4  
,jesus aga9 haz>d$ a s]mon 9 a village2 

b al?\gh x attract$ ! admiration ( ! p1 
x produc$ no effect4 ,t[>ds ! end ( our 
h]o's mission we see ! cr[d no long]    
runn+ aft] him4 ,if he wi%$ to p]=m a   
miracle1 he 0 "u ! necessity ( call+ ^? 
he wi%$ to cure4 ,= eighte5 ye>s an old 
woman ( ?is village _h be5 q b5t4 ,x 01 
accord+ to ! language ( ! c\ntry1 !     
devil :o _h kept h] 9 ?is inconv5i5t    
po/ure4 ,jesus call$ h] & exclaim$2     
,woman1 ?\ art loos$ f ?9e infirmity4 ,!
 old woman made ef=ts to become /raight2
 %e approa*$ ! feet ( ! messiah ) ! pace
 ( a tortoise2 he laid 8 h&s on h] &    
imm$iately %e walk$ upright l a girl (  
fifte54 ,at ?is "t ! devil spoke n a ^w2
 on :i* x has be5 rem>k$1 t ,satan      
always foll[$ ! op9ion ( ! spectators ( 
! ,savi\r's miracles1 & m>vell\sly      
co9cid$ ) !m 9 ackn[l$g+ or reject+ him4
 ,?is analog\s conduct ( ! spectators & 
,satan 0 p]haps ! result ( !            
excommunication fulm9at$ aga9/ all :o   
reg>d$ ,jesus z ! messiah4  ,!          
reputation ( ,john ,bapti/ /ill subsi/$ 

on ! banks ( ! ,jordan4 ,to excite !    
primitive zeal1 or1 p]haps1 ) an        
int5tion to induce ! disciples ( ,john1 
:o _h borne him su* flatt]+ te/imony1 to
 foll[ him1 ,jesus turn$ t[>ds t qu>t]4 
,b ! attempt 0 fruitless3 he succe$$ no 
bett] 9 cur+ a dropsical p]son t *anc$  
to be 9 ! h\se ( a ph>isee :o gave !    
,savi\r a d9n]4 ,8 cures 7 admir$1 b he 
spoil$ all by 8 extravagant argum5ts1 s 
(f5sive 7 !y to ! greate/ "p ( 8 he>]s4 
,z a la/ res\rce1 he endeavor$ to atta* 
publicans1 (fic]s1 & su* l disreputable 
p]sons to 8 p>ty2 b ^! 7 only feeble    
props1 & _! famili>ity made him lose !  
little e/eem :i* o!rs /ill ent]ta9$ =   
him4  ,! sight ( puni%m5t has (t5       
occasion$ ! loss ( c\rage ev5 to ! mo/  
det]m9$ h]o4 ,ours1 agitat$ by a cr[d ( 
unt[>d ev5ts1 imag9$ t no?+ be+ de>] to 
m5 ?an life1 & no?+ m difficult ?an to  
come back aft] leav+ x1 ! p ( ,j]usalem1
 not)/&+ ! clamors ( ! prie/s1 w\ld     
decl>e 9 8 favor if he c\ld succe$ 9    
mak+ !m believe t he _h ! p[] ( rais+ ! 

dead4 ,laz>us ! intimate fri5d ( ,jesus 
appe>$ to him ! fitte/ p]son = pres5t+  
to ! public ! spectacle ( a dead man    
br\ght to life4 ,:5 e ?+ 0 prop]ly      
conc]t$1 ,jesus set out = ,be?any4      
,le>n+ ?is1 ,m>?a & ,magdalane w5t to   
meet him1 & publicly in=m$ him t _!     
bro!r 0 v sick4 ,jesus made !m no answ]1
 b speak+ l\d s z to be he>d1 ,?is      
sickness1 said he1 is n unto dea?1 b = !
 glory ( ,god4 ,?is 0 already tell+ too 
mu*4  ,in/ead ( go+ to ,be?any1 ,jesus  
rema9$ two days 9 ! village )\t do+ any 
?+2 !reaft] he told 8 apo/les t x 0     
necess>y to return into ,judea4 ,he 0   
!re at ! "t he spoke1 b he meant1 no    
d\bt1 ! capital4 ,!y repres5t$ t x w\ld 
be a v imprud5t j\rney z ! populace _h  
rec5tly want$ to /one him4 ,we see t    
,jesus said ?is on purpose to give room 
to 8 fri5ds to invite him n to neglect  
bro!r ,laz>us 9 8 sickness4 ,besides1 ! 
foll[+ words ev9ce t he _h no int5tion (
 go+ to ,j]usalem4 ,our fri5d ,laz>us   
sleepe?2 b ,i g t ,i may awake him out (

 sleep4 ,on he>+ ?is1 ! apo/les ?\ght   
,laz>us _h recov]$4 ,jesus decl>$ t he 0
 dead1 & t he 0 highly pleas$ ) n hav+  
be5 pres5t at 8 decease1 z x w\ld af=d  
means to confirm !m 9 ! fai?4  ,! two   
days :i* ,jesus pass$ 9 ! village1 jo9$ 
to ! "t he took 9 go+ ab\t half a       
league1 7 imm$iately conv]t$ into f\r   
days f ! p]iod he pret5d$ ,laz>us 0     
dead4 ,at la/ he arriv$ at ! abode ( !  
defunct1 :om !y _h deposit$ 9 a vault   
adjo9+ to 8 h\se1 & n1 accord+ to !     
cu/om ( ^? days1 9 a sepul*re out ( !   
city4 ,aft] "s que/ions put to ,m>?a on 
h] belief1 he assur$ h] t h] bro!r w\ld 
rise aga94 ,yes1 said %e1 b x w be at ! 
la/ day4 ,"h our ,?aumaturge affect$ to 
be v s5sibly t\*$2 he trembl$1 he wept1 
invok$ ! aid ( heav51 advanc$ to !      
vault1 made x be op5$1 call$ on ,laz>us 
) a l\d voice1 & comm&$ him to come =?4 
,! dead man1 ?\gh wrapp$ up 9 8 grave   
clo!s1 arose & 0 unloos$ be=e witnesses 
at ! entrance ( ! vault4  ,?is prodigy 0
 conduct$ ) v little dext]ity4 ,john1 ! 

only ,evangeli/ :o relates ?is /rik+    
miracle1 9 va9 supports 8 relation ) !  
pres5ce ( ! ,jews3 he de/roys 8 own "w  
by n mak+ !m come till aft] ! dea? (    
,laz>us to console 8 si/]s4 ,x 0        
necess>y t ! ,jews %\ld h se5 him die1  
dead1 & embalm$2 t !y %\ld h felt !     
smell ( 8 corruption2 & t !y %\ld h     
conv]s$ ) him aft] 8 com+ out ( ! tomb4 
,unbeliev]s h exhau/$ all ! d>ts (      
criticism on ?is miracle4 ,to inve/igate
 x w\ld be only repeat+ :at !y h said4  
,! ,jews f\nd 9 x su* /rong m>ks (      
knav]y1 t f> f be+ conv]t$1 !y took m   
s]i\s measures aga9/ ,jesus1 :o hav+    
intimation ( ?is1 )drew t[>ds ! des]t to
 a city call$ ,ephrem1 :]e he abode ) 8 
disciples4 ,9 ! mean "t ! cities &      
villages 7 ord]$ to refuse him an       
asylum1 & ! inhabitants to deliv] him up
 to ! magi/rates4 ,9 fact ?is miracle   
occasion$ a g5]al proscription ( !      
messiah4 ,on pres5t+ himself at ! gates 
( a t[n 9 ,sam>ia1 !y at fir/ refus$ to 
let him pass2 he 0 n p]mitt$ to /op at  

,j]i*o1 ?\gh he gave sight to a bl9d    
man1 :om ,mat!w magnifies into two4     
,jesus return$ to ,be?any1 :]e he 0     
receiv$1 n by ,laz>us1 :o _h1 p]haps1   
be5 oblig$ to save himself on acc\nt ( 8
 be+ conc]n$ 9 su* an impo/ure2 b1 z    
,mat!w affirms1 by ,simon ! lep]4       
,laz>us aft] 8 resurrection appe>$ no   
long] on ! /age4  ,a leg5d1 accord+ to  
,b>onius1 affirms t ,laz>us w5t aft]w>ds
 to prea* ! fai? to ! ,prov5cals1 & 0 ! 
fir/ bi%op ( ,m>seilles4 ,z =           
,magdalane1 %e w5t to bewail h] s9s & ! 
dea? ( h] lov] 9 a des>t ( ,prov9ce1    
call$ la ,sa9te ,baume 7! ,holy ,balm47 
,m>?a1 z e body kn[s1 lies int]r$ at    
,t>ascon4  ,?is rejection & des]tion (  
,jesus ?rew ! apo/les into con/]nation4 
,to reanimate _! confid5ce1 ,jesus caus$
 a fig-tree to die 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs to  
puni% x = n produc+ figs at a season :5 
x 0 physically impossible = x to be>    
any2 t is ab\t ! mon? ( ,m>*4 ,z all !  
actions ( ! messiah1 ev5 :5 !y appe>    
fooli% to ord9>y m51 h an important     

signification 9 ! eyes ( devotees       
illum9at$ by fai?1 we ought to p]ceive 9
 ! miracle ( ?is fig-tree "o ( !        
fundam5tal dogmas ( ! ,*ri/ian religion 
symbolically repres5t$4 ,! fig-tree     
curs$ is ! mass ( mank9d1 :om1 accord+  
to our !ologi/s1 ! ,god ( m]cy curses1 &
 condemns to et]nal flames1 = hav+ nei!r
 fai? nor grace1 :i* !y c\ld n possibly 
acquire ( !mselves1 & :i* ,god does n   
seem to h be5 will+ to give !m4 ,?us we 
f9d t ! ridicul\s passage ( ! fig-tree 9
 ! gospel1 is int5d$ to typify "o ( !   
mo/ pr(\nd dogmas ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4
  ,:il/ ,jesus 9 ?is mann] in/ruct$ 8   
apo/les by figures & +5i\s p>ables1 8   
enemies 7 labor+ h>d aga9/ him at       
,j]usalem4 ,x appe>s t ! ,sanh$rim 0    
divid$ on 8 acc\nt4 ,!y p]haps wi%$ to  
puni% him1 b n to put him to dea?4 ,all 
7 ( op9ion t he %\ld be arre/$ )\t      
noise1 & t !y %\ld aft]w>ds consid] on !
 puni%m5t to be inflict$4 ,! mo/ fi]y ( 
! prie/s wi%$ t he %\ld be seiz$ 9 !    
capital1 & assass9at$ dur+ ! hurry ( !  

fe/ival4 ,?is %[s !y did n consid]      
!mselves c]ta9 t ! p w\ld n int]e/      
!mselves 9 8 behalf4 ,p]haps !y _h "s   
reason3 :at a "p ( ! populace did 9 8   
favor :5 he approa*$ ,j]usalem1 ev9c$ t 
x w\ld h be5 v dang]\s to act op5ly4 ,9 
pursuance ( ?is plan1 !y secretly       
promis$ a rew>d to :oev] %\ld deliv] up 
,jesus2 & we %all soon f9d "o ( 8       
apo/les betray+ 8 ma/] = a v trifl+ sum4
  ,be=e ent]+ ,j]usalem1 ,jesus evid5tly
 caus$ 8 approa* to be ann\nc$ by 8     
fri5ds 9 t city4 ,8 adh]5ts labor$ to   
r5d] 8 entry into ! capital some:at     
brilliant4 ,affect+ to display mode/y 9 
! mid/ ( 8 triumph1 or unable to d      
bett]1 ,jesus *ose = 8 /e$ a "y ass t _h
 nev] be5 rode on1 :i* 8 disciples1 by 8
 ord]1 _h seiz$ ) its "m4 ,9 place ( a  
saddle1 "s ( ! disciples laid _! clo!s  
on ! back ( ! ass4 ,! company advanc$ 9 
good ord]4 ,! p1 ev] fond ( a spectacle1
 ran to see ?is2 & we may believe t if  
"s at ?is "t paid s9c]e homage to !     
triumph]1 ! greate/ numb] laugh$ at him 

& %\t$ at ! ridicul\s f>ce4 ,! *ief     
magi/rate fe>+ an upro>1 endeavor$ to   
quiet ! populace1 to :om ! disciples _h 
set ! example4 ,he accord+ly address$   
,jesus himself1 :o answ]$ t ! /ones w\ld
 speak1 r ?an 8 fri5ds w\ld be sil5t4   
,?is seem$ to ins9uate an insurrection 9
 case !y %\ld attempt =ce2 & ! magi/rate
 und]/ood v well t ?is 0 n ! mom5t to   
provoke ,jesus4  ,z soon z ! ,messiah _h
 ent]$ ,j]usalem1 he betook himself to  
weep+ & pr$ict+ its ru94 ,! ann\nc+     
calamities 01 & w ev] be1 a sure me?od  
to excite ! att5tion ( ! vulg>4 ,"s     
p]sons ( consequ5ce :o knew n ! cause ( 
! riot\s assemblies ( ! p ar\nd ,jesus1 
on enquiry 7 answ]$1 x is ,jesus (      
,naz>e?--x is a prophet ( ,galilee4 ,m>k
 assures u1 t 9 ?is transaction1        
decisive 9 behalf ( ! ,son ( ,god1      
,jesus once m gave to ! p ! pillage ( ! 
m]*&ise expos$ to sale 9 ! c\rt be=e !  
por* ( ! temple4 ,?is is v cr$ible3 x 0 
inde$ m necess>y at pres5t ?an at ! =m] 
p]iod4  ,pr(itt+ by ! tumult1 ,jesus    

cur$ a great _m bl9d & lame p4 ,:il/ ^! 
wond]s 7 p]=m+ on "o side1 !y exclaim$  
,hosannah on ! o!r4 ,"s bes\ght ! au?or 
( ^! exclamations & tumult to /op !m2 b 
! messiah _h no long] measures to       
obs]ve1 he p]ceiv$ x 0 necess>y to      
engage ! popul> en?usiasm1 & t x w\ld be
 silly to appease x4 ,besides1 !        
unc]ta9ty ( success _h ?r[n him into    
di/ress1 :i* h9d]$ him f see+ or und]/&+
 any ?+4 ,a *ild1 fright5$1 or too mu*  
press$ 9 ! cr[d1 began to cry :ile      
,jesus 0 speak+1 ,fa!r1 save me f ?is   
h\r4 ,!y took ! *ild's voice = a voice f
 heav54 ,john1 moreov]1 in=ms u1 t !    
disciples _h palm$ on ! p ! fam\s       
miracle ( ,laz>us' resurrection1 :i*1   
atte/$ by eye-witnesses1 mu/ h made a   
great impression on ! a/oni%$ vulg>4 ,!y
 did n ent]ta9 a d\bt t ! voice f heav5 
:i* !y _h he>d1 0 t ( an angel :o bore  
te/imony to ,jesus2 & ! latt]1 pr(itt+  
dext]\sly ( ! occasion1 said to !m1 ,?is
 voice came n because ( me1 b = y\r     
sakes4 ,he aft]w>ds h>angu$ ! p1 &      

ann\nc$ himself z ! ,*ri/2 b he spoil$ 8
 s]mon by timid expressions1 & n kn[+ h[
 to draw f ! circum/ance all ! advantage
 x seem$ to promise1 he left ! city &   
retir$ to ,be?any1 :]e he pass$ ! night 
) 8 disciples4  ,9 g5]al our h]o 0      
subject to l[ spirits3--we con/antly f9d
 9 him a mixture ( audacity &           
pusillanimity4 ,accu/om$ to op]ate 9 !  
c\ntry1 & among rude & ignorant p1 he   
did n "k h[ to conduct himself 9 a city1
 or to succe$ among vigilant &          
intellig5t enemies4 ,?us he lo/ ! fruit 
( 8 memorable j\rney1 :i* _h be5 s long 
be=e project$4 ,we d n inde$ f9d t aft] 
?is he return$ to ,j]usalem1 except to  
be tri$4 ,melan*oly & fe> _h depriv$ him
 ( all pres5ce ( m9d1 & 8 disciples 7 "u
 ! necessity ( rem9d+ him t x 0 "t to   
take ! passov]4 ,!y ask$ him :]e he wi%$
 !m to g & prep>e ! ent]ta9m5t3 ,he bade
 !m take ! fir/ h\se !y met )1 :i* !y   
did4 ,a *amb] 0 provid$ = !m :]e !y     
assembl$ ) _! ma/]1 :o1 ev] occupi$ ) 8 
sorr[ful ?\ghts1 gave !m to und]/& t ?is

 passov] w\ld likely be ! la/ :i* he    
%\ld celebrate4 ,8 language 0 m\rnful2  
he ba!d _! feet 9 ord] to tea* !m t     
humility 0 ess5tially necess>y :5 !y 7  
weake/4 ,hav+ aft]w>ds set d[n to table1
 he told !m t he 0 afraid ( be+ betray$ 
by "o ( !mselves4 ,8 suspicions fell on 
,judas1 ^: frequ5t visits to ! h\ses ( !
 prie/s might be kn[n to 8 ma/]4 ,z     
,judas 0 treasur] to ! p>ty1 & *>g$ )   
pay+ = ! ent]ta9m5t1 ,jesus wi%$ x to be
 und]/ood t !y 7 !n regal$ at ! exp5se (
 8 life & 8 blood4 ,take1 said he to !m 
9 a figurative /yle1 = ?is is my body4  
,!reaft] he gave !m ! cup1 say+ t x 0 8 
blood :i* 0 to be %$ = !m4 ,judas       
readily compreh5d+ ! mean+ ( 8 enigma1  
arose f table1 & imm$iately )drew3 b !  
o!r apo/les did n und]/& x4--,x is1     
h[ev]1 on ?is emblem t "s doctors h s9ce
 built ! fam\s dogma (                  
transub/antiation3 !y enjo9 rational    
be+s to believe1 t at ! ^w ( a prie/    
bread is *ang$ into ! real body1 & w9e  
into ! real blood ( ,jesus6 ,!y h tak5 !

 figurative words ( our mission>y       
lit]ally1 & h employ$ !m 9 =m+ a my/]y1 
or r ! mo/ curi\s juggle t ev] has be5  
devis$ by prie/s 9 ord] to deceive      
mank9d4  ,aft] supp] our gue/s retir$ ) 
_! ma/] to ! m\nt ( ,olives1 :]e !y     
?\ght !mselves 9 safety2 b our h]o did n
 ent]ta9 ! same op9ion4 ,sc>cely _h !   
,man-,god ent]$ ! g>d5 ( ,olives :5 a   
mortal t]ror seiz$ him2 he wept l a *ild
 & anticipat$ ! pangs ( dea?4 ,8        
apo/les1 m tranquil1 yield$ to sleep1 & 
,jesus1 :o 0 afraid ( be+ surpris$1     
mildly reproa*$ !m4 ,c\ld y n1 said he1 
wat* ) me "o h\r8 ,judas1 :om we h se5  
dep>t sudd5ly & :o _h n rejo9$ ! p>ty1  
gave extreme uneas9ess to ,jesus & e    
mom5t r$\bl$ 8 t]ror4 ,x is affirm$ t an
 angel came to /r5g!n him 9 8 situation3
 ,yet he 0 aft]w>ds seiz$ ) a bloody    
sweat1 :i* c only d5ote a v great       
weakness4  ,! agitat$ condition ( !     
,savi\r appe>s v surpris+ to p]sons 9 ^:
 m9ds fai? has n remov$ e difficulty !  
gospel pres5ts4 ,!y are mu* a/oni%$ to  

f9d su* weakness 9 a ,god :o knew f all 
et]nity t he 0 de/9$ to die = !         
r$emption ( ! human race4 ,!y av]1 t    
,god 8 fa!r1 )\t expos+ 8 son to su*    
cruel torm5ts1 might by "o ^w h p>don$  
guilty m51 & con=m$ !m to 8 views4 ,!y  
?9k t ! conduct ( ,god w\ld h be5 m     
g5]\s 9 appeas+ 8 wra? at less exp5se on
 acc\nt ( an apple eat f\r ?\s& ye>s    
ago4 ,b ! ways ( ,god are n z ^? ( m54  
,! ,deity ought nev] to act 9 a natural 
way1 or be easily und]/ood4 ,x is !     
ess5ce ( religion t m5 %\ld n compreh5d 
any "p ( ! div9e conduct4 ,?is furni%es 
to _! spiritual guides ! pleasure (     
expla9+ x to !m = _! money4  ,on ! ne>  
approa* ( dea? ! ,man-,god %[$ a        
weakness :i* _m ord9>y m5 w\ld blu% to  
display 9 a simil> situation4 ,! traitor
 ,judas1 at ! head ( a company ( ar*]s  
or soldi]s1 proce$$ t[>ds ,jesus ^:     
retreats he "k4 ,a kiss 0 ! signal by   
:i* ! gu>ds 7 to recognise ! p]son :om  
!y _h ord]s to seize4 ,already ,jesus   
beheld ! lan?orns advanc+ :i* light$ !  

m>* ( ^! sbirri2 & p]ceiv+ !            
impossibility ( escap+1 he made a virtue
 ( necessity4 ,l a c[>d become desp]ate1
 he resolutely pres5t$ himself to !     
p>ty3 :om seek ye8 said he1 ) a firm    
tone3--,jesus1 answ]$ !y4 ,i am he4 ,"h 
,judas confirm$ ) a kiss ?is h]oical    
confession4 ,! apo/les1 awak5$ by !     
noise1 came to ! succ\r ( _! ma/]4      
,pet]1 ! mo/ zeal\s among !m1 cut (f ) a
 /roke ( 8 sabre ! e> ( ,mal*us1 s]vant 
( ! ,high ,prie/4 ,jesus1 conv9c$ ( !   
folly ( resi/ance1 comm&$ him to put up 
8 sword1 set 9 ord] ! e> ( ,mal*us1 7:o 
escap$ at ! exp5se ( be+ fright5$17 & !n
 surr5d]$ himself4  ,x is said t ! p>ty 
:o came to appreh5d ,jesus1 7 =c$ at    
fir/ to give way4 ,! fact is v probable3
 x 0 d>k1 & ! ar*]s p]ceiv+ ! apo/les b 
v indi/9ctly1 might believe t _! enemies
 7 m num]\s ?an !y 72 b pluck+ up c\rage
 !y fulfill$ _! commission4 ,:il/ !y    
b\nd ! ,son ( ,god ) cords1 he bes\ght !
 *ief ( ! deta*m5t n to mole/ 8 apo/les1
 & z !y want$ him only1 he easily obta9$

 8 reque/4 ,john believes t ,jesus made 
?is entreaty 9 ord] to fulfil a         
prophecy2 b x appe>s our h]o ?\ght x 0  
nei!r useful nor j to involve m5 9 8    
ru91 ^: assi/ance might /ill be         
necess>y1 or :o1 be+ at l>ge1 w\ld h a  
bett] opportunity to act 9 8 favor4     
,,*apt] ,,xv4  ,,trial ,,&              
,,condemnation ,,( ,,jesus4--,,8        
,,puni%m5t ,,& ,,dea?4   ,:5 ! enemies (
 ,jesus saw him 9 _! h&s1 !y 7 n less   
emb>rass$ ?an be=e4 ,f ! "t ! ,romans _h
 subdu$ ! ,jewi% nation1 !y _h no long] 
! p[] ( ! sword4 ,to puni% ^? :o _h s9n$
 aga9/ religion1 x 0 suffici5t at any   
=m] p]iod1 t ! high prie/ pron\nc$      
s5t5ce on ! culprit4 ,! ,romans1 m      
tol]ant1 r>ely puni%$ ) dea?2 &1        
besides1 to take away life1 !y requir$  
decisive pro(s aga9/ ! accus$4          
,annanias1 fa!r-9-law ( ! high prie/    
,caiphas1 0 kn[n among ! ,jews = a v    
subtle man4 ,x 0 to ,annanias' h\se1    
!re=e1 t !y fir/ conduct$ ,jesus4 ,we   
are ignorant ( :at pass$ 9 ?is fir/ sc5e

 ( ! bloody trag$y4 ,x is to be presum$1
 t ! prison] und]w5t an exam9ation :i*  
prov$ no way favorable to him4  ,f !    
h\se ( ,annanias !y conduct$ ,jesus to t
 ( ,caiphas4 ,he 0 ! man mo/ int]e/$ by 
8 (fice 9 ! ru9 ( e innovator 9 matt]s (
 religion2 yet we d n f9d ?is pontiff   
speak+ ) ang]3 he conduct$ himself      
accord+ to law1 & z a man :o und]/ood 8 
pr(ession4 ,:o1 said he to ,jesus1 are  
y\r disciples1 _! numb] & names8 ,jesus 
made no answ]4 ,b at lea/1 cont9u$      
,caiphas1 expla9 to me y\r doctr9e4 ,:at
 end does x propose8 ,y mu/ h a sy/em4  
,tell u !n :at x is4 ,at la/ ! messiah  
condesc5d$ to say1 ,i spoke op5ly to !  
_w2 x is n ,i1 b ^? :o h he>d me1 t     
ought to be int]rogat$4 ,"h "o ( !      
(fic]s ( ! high prie/ gave ,jesus a bl[ 
on ! e>1 say+1 ,answ]e/ ?\ ! high prie/ 
s6 ,! reprim& 0 h>%1 b x mu/ be own$1 t 
! answ] ( ,jesus 0 disrespectful to a   
man inve/$ ) au?ority1 & ) ! "r ( putt+ 
que/ions1 9 ord] to discov] ! tru? f !  
m\? ( ! accus$4 ,jesus ought to h be5   

bett] acqua9t$ ) 8 own doctr9e ?an !    
peasants ( ,galilee or ,judea1 be=e :om 
he _h ?r\gh pref]5ce affect$ to prea* 9 
an un9telligible mann]4 ,x 0 !re=e j &  
natural to suppose1 t ,jesus c\ld give a
 bett] acc\nt ( 8 s5tim5ts & p>ables1   
?an an ignorant multitude :o _h li/5$   
)\t be+ able to compreh5d him4 ,he alone
 c\ld be suppos$ to possess ! secret (  
=m+ into a sy/em ! scatt]$ & unconnect$ 
pr9ciples ( 8 heav5ly doctr9e4          
,caiphas1 unable to draw any ?+ f !     
accus$1 wait$ till next morn+1 :5 !     
c\ncil w\ld assemble 9 ord] to cont9ue !
 inque/4 ,jesus appe>$ be=e ! ,sanh$rim1
 ! mo/ respectable tribunal 9 ! nation4 
,! gospel repres5ts ! prie/s & *iefs ( !
 ,jews occupi$ dur+ ! :ole night t      
,jesus 0 arre/$1 9 se>*+ = & suborn+    
false witnesses aga9/ him4 ,!y produc$  
two p]sons1 on :om !y v unju/ly be/[$   
?is epi!t4 ,^! witnesses depos$ to a    
fact v]ifi$ by ! gospel itself4--,we    
he>d him say t he w\ld de/roy ! temple1 
& rebuild x 9 ?ree days4 ,x is c]ta9 t  

,jesus _h utt]$ ^! words1 ,de/roy ?is   
temple1 & 9 ?ree days ,i w raise x up4  
,b ! poor witnesses knew n t he !n spoke
 9 8 figurative /yle4 ,_! mi/ake 0      
p>donable1 =1 accord+ to ! gospel1 !    
apo/les !mselves did n discov] ! true   
s5se ( ^! words till aft] ! resurrection
 ( _! ma/]4  ,?is evid5ce 0 n suffici5t 
to condemn ,jesus4 ,! ,jews1 h[ev]      
iniquit\s we may suppose !m to h be51   
did n s5t5ce fools to die2 & ^! words ( 
_! prison] mu/ h appe>$ to !m ! effect (
 delirium4 ,accord+ly ! high prie/      
cont5t$ himself ) ask+ :at he _h to     
answ]8 & z ! accus$ refus$ to speak1 he 
did n fur!r insi/ on t po9t4 ,he proce$$
 to que/ions m s]i\s3 ,are y ! ,*ri/8   
said he to ,jesus4 ,h[ did ! messiah    
answ] ?is "q8 ,if ,i tell x1 y w n      
believe me1 nor suff] me to dep>t4 ,b   
h]eaft] ! ,son ( man %all sit on ! "r h&
 ( ,god4 ,y are !n ! ,son ( ,god8       
cont9u$ ! prie/4--,y h said x1 repli$ ! 
accus$4 ,b x is n suffici5t t we %\ld   
say x2 x is y :o are to answ]3 once m1  

are y ! ,*ri/8 ,i conjure y by ! liv+   
,god tell u if y are 8 ,son8--,y h said 
x1 answ]$ ,jesus3 ! ,son ( man %all "o  
day come 9 ! cl\ds ( heav54 ,not)/&+ ^! 
p]plex+ answ]s1 ! judges imag9$ !y      
und]/ood ! mean+ ( 8 words3 !y pla9ly   
p]ceiv$ t he wi%$ to give himself out = 
! ,son ( ,god4 ,he ha? spok5 blasphemy1 
said !y2 & imm$iately conclud$ t he     
des]v$ dea?--a judgm5t :i* 0 valid      
accord+ to ! law ( ! ,jews1 & :i* mu/   
also appe> s to ,*ri/ians ^: sangu9>y   
laws puni% capitally ^? :om ! cl]gy     
accuse ( blasphemy4 ,!y h1 !re=e1 no "r 
to blame ! conduct ( ! ,jews1 s (t5     
imitat$ by ecclesia/ical & secul>       
tribunals4  ,on ! o!r h&1 if x 0        
necess>y t ,jesus %\ld die2 if he wi%$  
x2 if ! reprobation ( ! ,jews 0 resolv$ 
on1 he act$ v prop]ly 9 keep+ !m 9      
error4 ,b if ?is 0 ! int5tion (         
provid5ce1 :y prea* to !m8 ,:y p]=m     
miracles be=e a :ole p :il/ a small     
numb] 7 only to pr(it by x8 ,did ,jesus 
wi% to save !m8 ,9 t case :y n conv9ce !

 :ole ,sanh$rim ( 8 p[]8 ,:y did he n   
bur/ 8 bonds8 ,:y did he n by a s+le ^w 
*ange _! ob/9ate he>ts8 ,did he wi% to  
de/roy !m8 ,:y n !n /rike !m dead8 ,:y n
 in/antly precipitate !m into hell8  ,! 
judges c\ld n compreh5d :y ! accus$1 :o 
c\ld n extricate himself f _! h&s1 c\ld 
be ! ,son ( ,god4 ,!y accord+ly decl>$  
him wor?y ( dea?2 b n def9itely1 z x 0  
requisite t ! s5t5ce %\ld be approv$ ( &
 execut$ by ! ,romans1 sov]eigns ( !    
nation4 ,dur+ ^! transactions1 ,jesus 0 
treat$ 9 ! cruele/ mann] by ! ,jews1    
:om1 z well z ,*ri/ians1 _! zeal        
p]mitt$1 or r enjo9$1 to be savage4  ,x 
is dur+ ?is night1 & ! morn+ ( ! foll[+ 
day1 s fatal to ! ,savi\r ( ! _w1 t we  
mu/ place ! ?ree d5ials ( ,pet]1 ! *ief 
( ! apo/les4 ,8 ma/] _h pray$ = him4 ,8 
comrades1 seiz$ ) dismay1 _h disp]s$    
!mselves 9 ,j]usalem & its neighborhood4
 ,sev]al among !m w\ld h act$ l ,pet] if
 !y _h f\nd !mselves 9 a simil>         
situation4 ,he _h at lea/ ! m]it ( keep+
 ne> 8 ma/]2 he abjur$ him1 x is true2 b

 w\ld x h be5 ( m avail if1 by ackn[l$g+
 him op5ly1 he %\ld h entangl$ himself 9
 a v awkw>d affair1 )\t be+ able to     
relieve ! ,savi\r4  ,! ,sanh$rim repair$
 to ! palace ( ,pilate ! ,roman gov]nor1
 9 ord] to get ! s5t5ce confirm$4 ,jesus
 0 conduct$ ?i!r4 ,pilate in/antly      
p]ceiv$ t x 0 an affair 9 :i* fanaticism
 & folly _h ! greate/ %>e4 ,fill$ )     
contempt = s ridicul\s a motive1 he 0 at
 fir/ unwill+ to int]f]e4 ,judge him    
y\rselves1 said he to ! magi/rates4 ,on 
?is ! latt] became false witnesses4     
,zeal1 no d\bt1 made !m imag9e t e ?+ 0 
all[able aga9/ an enemy ( religion4 ,!y 
int]e/$ ! sov]eign p[] 9 _! qu>rel--,!y 
accus$ ,jesus ( wi%+ to make himself k+ 
( ! ,jews1 & ( hav+ ma9ta9$1 t !y ought 
n to pay tribute to ,cas>4 ,we recognize
 "h ! g5ius ( ! cl]gy1 :o1 to ru9 _!    
enemies1 are nev] v fa/idi\s 9 ! *oice (
 means4 ,!y especially /rive to r5d] !  
latt] suspect$ by ! temporal p[]1 9 ord]
 to engage x1 ?r\gh motives (           
self-int]e/1 to satiate _! rev5ge4      

,pilate c\ld n avoid pay+ att5tion to   
accusations ( s s]i\s a nature4 ,unable 
to p]suade himself t ! man he beheld    
c\ld h conceiv$ projects s ridicul\s1 he
 int]rogat$ him3--,are y ! k+ ( ! ,jews8
 ,on :i* ,jesus dem&$ ( ,pilate--,say y 
?is ( y\rself1 or h o!rs told x y8--,(  
:at consequ5ce is x to me1 return$      
,pilate1 t y pret5d to be ! k+ ( !      
,jews8 ,y d n appe> a man mu* to be     
dread$ by ! ,emp]or my ma/]--,i am n (  
y\r nation2 ,i conc]n myself v little ) 
y\r silly qu>rels4 ,y\r prie/s are y\r  
accus]s--,i h my own op9ion ( !m--b !y  
accuse y2 !y deliv] y into my h&s--,tell
 me !n1 :at h y done8 ,jesus might v    
easily h got (f2 b 9 8 di/ress 8 judgm5t
 fail$2 &1 f> f p5etrat+ ! favorable    
disposition ( ,pilate1 :o wi%$ to save  
him1 he repli$1 t 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is     
_w--t he 0 ! tru?1 c4 ,on ?is ! ,gov]nor
 ask$ him ,:at is ! tru?8 ,b ! ,savi\r  
made no reply1 ?\gh ! "q well des]v$ a  
categorical answ]4  ,pilate1 a little   
al>m$ on acc\nt ( ,jesus1 decl>$1 t he  

f\nd no?+ 9 him wor?y ( dea?4 ,b ?is    
r$\bl$ ! cries ( 8 enemies4 ,hav+ le>n$ 
t ! accus$ 0 a ,galilean1 he1 to get    
quit ( ! ridicul\s bus9ess1 seiz$ !     
opportunity to s5d him to ,h]od1 to ^:  
tetr>*ate ,jesus orig9ally belong$4 ,we 
h said else:]e1 t ?is pr9ce _h desir$ to
 see our h]o1 & 8 desire 0 n[ gratifi$4 
,b on p]ceiv+ 8 ob/9acy & con/ant       
refusal to answ] ! que/ions put to him1 
he conceiv$ a sov]eign contempt = him4  
,to ,pilate !re=e he s5t him back clo!d 
9 a :ite robe by way ( d]ision4 ,!      
gov]nor1 h[ev]1 saw no capital crime 9  
,jesus1 & wi%$ to save him2 besides1 8  
sup]/iti\s wife _h a dream1 t int]e/$ h]
 9 favor ( our mission>y4 ,pilate !n    
said to ! ,jews1 t he c\ld f9d no?+ 9 ! 
man :i* r5d]$ him wor?y ( dea?4 ,b ! p  
misl$1 & wi%+ him to be crucifi$1 cri$  
out ,tolle1 ,tolle2 away1 away ) him4 ,!
 ,gov]nor n[ devis$ ano!r plan to save  
him4 ,i release1 said he1 e ye> a       
crim9al2 suppos+ t ,jesus may be        
culpable1 ,i am go+ to set him free4 ,! 

cries 7 r$\bl$1 & ! ,jews dem&$1 t a    
robb] call$ ,b>abbas %\ld pr(it ( ?is   
m]cy 9 pref]5ce to ,jesus1 ^: puni%m5t  
!y p]si/$ to urge4  ,! ,romans1 desir\s 
to calm ! rage ( a fanatical p1 caus$   
,jesus to be :ipp$2 dress$ him 9 a      
ridicul\s mann]1 cr[n$ him ) ?orns1 &   
made him hold a re$ in/ead ( a sceptre4 
,?us decorat$1 ,pilate %[$ him to ! p1  
say+1 ,behold y\r k+6 are y n yet       
satisfi$8 ,see h[ to please y ,i h      
b$eck$ him4 ,be !n less cruel3 d n c>ry 
y\r indignation fur!r2 he ought no long]
 to give y umbrage4  ,! prie/s1 ^: maxim
 x is nev] to =give1 7 n mov$ by ?is    
spectacle2 no?+ %ort ( ! dea? ( _! enemy
 c\ld satisfy !m4 ,!y *ang$ _! gr\nd1 &1
 to intimidate ! gov]nor1 told him t by 
suff]+ ! accus$ to live he betray$ !    
int]e/s ( 8 ma/]4 ,x 0 !n t ,pilate1    
fe>+ ! effects ( ! malice ( ! cl]gy1    
consign$ ,jesus to ! ,jews1 t !y might  
satiate _! rage on him2 decl>+1 h[ev]1 t
 he wa%$ 8 h&s ( x1 & t x 0 aga9/ 8     
op9ion if !y put him to dea?4 ,we _c    

well conceive h[ a ,roman gov]nor1 :o   
ex]cis$ sov]eign p[] 9 ,judea1 c\ld     
yield s easily to ! wi%es ( ! ,jews3 b  
we _c m easily conceive h[ ,god p]mitt$ 
?is hone/ gov]nor to become an          
accomplice 9 ! dea? ( 8 de> ,son4       
,jesus1 ab&on$ to ! rage ( devotees1    
aga9 suff]$ ! cruelle/ treatm5t4        
,pilate1 to humble ^? b>b>ians1 wi%$ !  
label affix$ to ! upp] "p ( ! cross to  
be>1 t he 0 _! k+2 & no?+ c\ld induce   
him to rec$e f ?is resolution4 ,:at is  
writt5 is writt51 said he to ^? :o      
reque/$ him to alt] an inscription      
di%onorable to _! nation4 ,x is also    
prop] to obs]ve1 t ?is inscription is   
diff]5tly express$ by ! f\r evangeli/s4 
,! ,jews treat$ ,jesus z a de?ron$ k+1 &
 made him exp]i5ce ! mo/ bloody         
outrages4 ,?\gh he _h said t he c\ld    
make legions ( angels come to 8         
protection1 yet ! ,jews1 not)/&+ _!     
natural cr$ulity1 paid no cr$it to 8    
ass]tion1 & no?+ c\ld /op _! religi\s   
cruelty1 excit$ by ! prie/s4 ,!y made   

him take ! road to ,calv>y4 ,he sunk "u 
! weight ( 8 cross1 b !y load$ ,simon ) 
x1 :o 0 m vigor\s4 ,! un=tunate ,jesus  
mu/ h be5 inde$ mu* enfeebl$ by :at he  
_h suff]$ dur+ bo? ! night & ! morn+4   
,at la/ he 0 plac$ on ! cross1 ! usual  
puni%m5t ( slaves4 ,he did n suff] long 
"u ! agonies ( crucifixion3 aft] invok+ 
8 ,fa!r1 & lam5t+ 8 be+ s %amefully     
ab&on$1 he expir$1 x is said1 betwe5 two
 ?ieves4 ,x is said t ,jesus :5 dy+     
exclaim$1 ,eli6 ,eli6 lamma sabbactani6 
7,my ,god6 my ,god6 :y ha/ ?\ =sak5 me67
 ,?is compla9t 0 v ridicul\s 9 ! m\? (  
,jesus1 if1 z is pret5d$1 ! "p he act$ 0
 agre$ on ) 8 fa!r f all et]nity4 ,mat!w
 & ,m>k tells u1 t bo? ! ?ieves insult$ 
him ) abusive language2 :ile ,luke      
assures u1 t "o only ( ! two abus$ !    
,savi\r1 & t ! o!r reprim&$ 8 comrade = 
8 insol5ce1 & bes\ght ,jesus to rememb] 
him :5 he %\ld come to 8 k+dom4 ,b our  
int]pret]s h a ?\s& ways ( prov+ t !    
,holy ,_s nev] contradicts himself1 ev5 
:5 he speaks 9 ! mo/ contradictory      

mann]4 ,^? :o h fai? are satisfi$ ) _!  
argum5ts1 b !y d n s p[]fully impress   
free?9k]s1 :o h ! mis=tune to reason4   
,! remorse ( ,judas soon rev5g$ ,jesus  
on ?is traitor4 ,he re/or$ to ! prie/s !
 ?irty pieces he _h receiv$ f !m1 & w5t 
=?) to hang himself4 ,?is is :at ,mat!w 
says1 9 opposition to ! writ] ( ! ,acts 
( ! ,apo/les1 7,luke7 :o tells u1 t     
,judas pur*as$ a field ) ! rew>d (      
iniquity2 & fall+ headlong he bur/      
asund] 9 ! mid/4 ,m>k & ,john are sil5t 
respect+ ?is memorable ev5t4 ,accord+ to
 ,mat!w1 ! sell+ ( ,jesus = ?irty pieces
 _h be5 =etold by ,j]emiah4 ,!          
pr$iction1 h[ev]1 does n appe> 9 !      
writ+s ( ?is prophet1 :i* w\ld create a 
suspicion t ! evangeli/s1 little        
satisfi$ ) apply+ to ,jesus "s          
prophecies1 su* z are extant 9 ! ,old   
,te/am5t1 h drawn f _! own /ore1 or =g$ 
!m :5 9 ne$4 ,b our able int]pret]s are 
n at all emb>rass$ ) ?is2 & a holy      
bl9dness w always prev5t ^! trifles f   
be+ p]ceiv$4  ,! gospel in=ms u1 t at ! 

dea? ( ,jesus all ,nature seem$ to take 
"p 9 ! gr& ev5t4 ,at ! mom5t he expir$  
!re 0 a total eclipse2 a frightful %ak+ 
( ! e>? 0 felt1 & sev]al holy p]sonages 
came out ( _! tombs to take a walk on ! 
/reets ( ,j]usalem4 ,! ,jews alone _h ! 
mis=tune to see no?+ ( all ?is2 x       
appe>s1 t ^! wond]s 7 p]=m$ only 9 !    
fancy ( ! disciples ( ,jesus4 ,z = !    
eclipse1 x 01 d\btless1 an inconceivable
 prodigy :i* c\ld n h tak5 place )\t a  
total d]angem5t 9 ! ma*9e ( ! _w4 ,a    
total eclipse ( ! sun dur+ full moon1 ! 
"t at :i* ! celebration ( ! passov] 0   
fix$ by ! ,jews1 is ( all miracles ! mo/
 impossible4 ,no contempor>y au?or has  
m5tion$ x1 ?\gh ?is ph5om5on well m]it$ 
to be transmitt$ to po/]ity4 ,!         
incr$ul\s !re=e ma9ta91 t !re 0 no o!r  
eclipse on ?is occasion b ( ! common    
s5se ( ^? :o saw all ^! m>vels1 or ( !  
good fai? ( ! writ]s :o h atte/$ !m4 ,) 
respect to ! %ak+ ( ! e>?1 !y suspect t 
! apo/les ( ,jesus1 agitat$ ) fe> at !  
sight ( _! div9e ma/]'s fate1 7 ! only  

p]sons :o felt x4 ,9 ?is way inde$ ! ?+ 
becomes v probable4 ,if ! puni%m5t (    
,jesus is prov$ by ! gospel1 "s         
circum/ances may create a d\bt :e!r he  
di$ imm$iately4 ,we are told1 t !y did  
n1 accord+ to cu/om1 break 8 legs4 ,8   
fri5ds _h ! lib]ty ( tak+ away 8 body1 &
 !y might dress 8 w\nds on f9d+ t he 0 n
 dead1 & 9 ?is mann] br+ him back to    
life1 at lea/ = "s "t4  ,:5 ,jesus 0    
dead1 or believ$ to be s aft] an        
incision _h be5 made 9 8 side1 f :i*    
came blood & a :iti% fluid1 :i* !y took 
= wat]1 8 body 0 embalm$ & deposit$ 9 a 
new tomb4 ,?is 0 done on ,friday ev5+4  
,he _h sev]al times intimat$ t he w\ld  
rise aga9 ! ?ird day2 t is1 at ! end (  
?ree days & ?ree nights4 ,yet on !      
,sunday foll[+1 e>ly 9 ! morn+1 ! tomb  
:]e9 he _h be5 laid 0 f\nd empty4 ,!    
,jews1 always op9iative1 did n admit t  
he 0 ris5 aga94 ,!y held x m natural to 
believe t he _h fail$ 9 8 ^w2 or to     
suppose t 8 disciples _h c>ri$ him (f4  
,?is c\ld easily h be5 execut$ by =ce2  

by brib+ ! gu>ds1 :om ! prie/s &        
,ph>isees _h plac$ ar\nd 8 sepul*re2 or 
by cunn+4 ,z ,pilate felt b little      
int]e/ 9 ! matt]1 he appe>s n to h      
puni%$ ! gu>ds = neglect+ to take c>e ( 
:at he _h confid$ to !m4 ,! idolatr\s   
gov]nor1 little acqua9t$ ) ! res\rces or
 designs ( ! apo/les1 nev] suspect$ !y  
c\ld p]suade any p]son1 t a man1 ^: dea?
 0 well atte/$1 c\ld return to life4 ,x 
is n surpris+ t a ,pagan %\ld d\bt !    
resurrection ( ,jesus2 f ! fir/ day ( ! 
*ur*1 sev]al ,*ri/ians h n believ$ x1   
p]ceiv+ ! incongruity ( suppos+ t ! ,son
 ( ,god c\ld die4 ,!y h !re=e d5i$ !    
dea? ( _! div9e ma/]4 ,! foll[]s (      
,basilides affirm$ t ,jesus at ! "t ( 8 
passion assum$ ! appe>ance ( ,simon !   
,cyr5ean1 & transf]r$ to him 8 own1 "u  
:i* ! said ,simon 0 crucifi$ 9 8 /ead1  
:ile ,jesus1 :o beheld ?is )\t be+      
himself se51 laugh$ at _! mi/ake4 ,!    
,c]9?ians1 or disciples ( ,c]9?us1 :o 0 
contempor>y ) ! apo/les2 & !            
,c>pocratians likewise d5i$ t ,jesus    

c\ld h be5 actually crucifi$4 ,"s h     
ma9ta9$1 t ! traitor ,judas 0 puni%$ 9  
place ( 8 ma/]4 ,^! sect>ies reg>d$     
,jesus z a m]e man1 & n z a god4 ,?us we
 f9d ,*ri/ians contempor>y ) ! apo/les  
believ+ 9 ,jesus & yet d\bt+ 8 dea?4 ,x 
01 h[ev]1 on ?is m>vell\s notion1 z we  
%all see1 t a sect 0 aft]w>ds f\nd$1    
p[]ful en\gh to subject by degrees !    
,roman empire & a consid]able portion ( 
! globe4  ,! puni%m5t ( our h]o mu/ h   
produc$ v little s5sation 9 ! _w1 & 8   
adv5tures mu/ h be5 /rangely unkn[n1    
s9ce we d n f9d t any hi/orian1 ) !     
exception ( ! evangeli/s1 makes m5tion (
 !m4 ,9 ! ye> #abfc1 a conf]5ce 0 held 9
 pres5ce ( ,don ,jaques k+ ( ,arragon1 &
 ! que5 8 wife1 betwe5 ! ,rabb9 ,ze*ial1
 & ! ,dom9ician1 ,fri> ,paul1 call$     
,cyraic4 ,?is conf]5ce is v memorable4  
,! two *ampions 7 well v]s$ 9 ! ,hebrew 
& 9 antiquity4 ,! ,talmud1 ! ,t>gum1 !  
ar*ives ( ! ,sanh$rim 7 on ! table4 ,!  
conte/$ passages 7 expla9$ into ,spani%4
 ,ze*iel ma9ta9$1 t ,jesus _h be5       

condemn$ "u ! k+ ,alex&] ,jannaeus1 7& n
 "u ,h]od ! ,tetr>*17 agreeably to :at  
is relat$ 9 ! ,toldos ,jas*ut1 & 9 !    
,talmud4 ,y\r gospels1 said he1 7 n     
writt5 till t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( y\r second 
c5tury1 & are n au!ntic l our ,talmud4  
,we c\ld n crucify him y speak ( 9 ! "t 
( ,h]od ! ,tetr>*1 s9ce we _h n ! p[] ( 
life & dea? 9 our h&s4 ,we c\ld n h     
crucifi$ him1 because t mann] ( puni%m5t
 0 n 9 use among u4 ,our ,talmud has x1 
t he :o p]i%$ 9 ! "t ( ,jannaeus 0      
condemn$ to be /on$ to dea?4 ,we c no m 
believe y\r gospels ?an ^? pret5d$      
,lett]s ( ,pilate1 :i* y h =g$4--,lett]s
 on ,em95t ,writ]s1 p4 #abc4 ,!         
illu/ri\s & pr(\nd ,fr]et1 p]petual     
,secret>y to ! ,academy ( ,belles       
,lettres at ,p>is1 _h no hesitation 9   
av[+1 t1 aft] ! close/ inve/igation he 0
 cle>ly ( op9ion1 ! acc\nt giv5 9 !     
,talmud respect+ ,jesus1 0 ! correct "o4
 ,?is op9ion he support$ by %[+1 t !    
gospels 7 n writt5 till upw>ds ( #dj    
ye>s aft] ! p]iod fix$ = ! dea? (       

,jesus2 t !y 7 compos$ 9 =eign          
languages1 at places di/ant f ,j]usalem1
 :i* 7 full ( ! disciples ( ,john1 call$
 ,!rapeutae2 ( ,judaites1 & (           
,galileans1 all ( :om _h _! gospels     
diff]+ f ea* o!r1 :i* !y insi/$ 7 g5u9e2
 t ! f\r gospels n[ held canonical1 7 ! 
la/ writt52 t !re is inconte/ible pro( (
 ?is fact aris+ f ! circum/ance1 t !    
fir/ fa!rs ( ! *ur* (t5 quote passages  
:i* are to be f\nd only 9 ! gospel ( !  
,egyptians or 9 t ( ,/4 ,james2 & t     
,ju/9 is ! fir/ :o expressly quot$ !    
receiv$ gospels4 ,ju/9 0 n born till a  
c5tury aft] ! comm5cem5t ( our vulg>    
era4     ,,*apt] ,,xvi4  ,,resurrection 
,,( ,,jesus--,,8 ,,conduct ,,until ,,8  
,,asc5sion--,,exam9ation ,,( ,,! ,,pro(s
 ,,( ,,! ,,resurrection4   ,! hi/ory ( !
 life ( an ord9>y man t]m9ates commonly1
 ) 8 dea?2 b x is diff]5t ) a ,man-,god 
:o has ! p[] ( rais+ himself f ! dead1  
or :om 8 adh]5ts h ! faculty ( mak+ rise
 at w4 ,?is happ5$ to ,jesus3 ?anks to 8
 apo/les or evangeli/s1 we see him /ill 

play+ a consid]able "p ev5 aft] 8       
decease4 ,! mom5t he 0 arre/$1 !        
disciples ( ,jesus1 z we h se51 disp]s$ 
!mselves into ,j]usalem & !             
neighborhood1 ) ! exception or ,simon   
,pet]1 :o did n lose sight ( him dur+ 8 
exam9ation at ! h\se ( ! high prie/4    
,?is apo/le 0 anxi\s1 = 8 own sake1 to  
"k ! result ( x4 ,enc\rag+ !mselves on  
f9d+ t ,jesus _h n crim9at$ !m 9 8      
exam9ations1 ! disciples reassembl$1    
conc]t$ measures1 & det]m9$1 z _! ma/] 0
 dead1 or reput$ s1 to take advantage ( 
! notions :i* he _h diffus$ dur+ 8      
mission4 ,accu/om$ = s long a p]iod to  
lead a w&]+ life "u 8 comm&1 & subsi/ at
 ! exp5ce ( ! public by prea*+1         
exorcisms1 & miracles1 !y resolv$ to    
cont9ue a pr(ession m easily ex]cis$1 & 
incomp>ably m lucrative ?an _! orig9al  
occupations4 ,!y _h enjoy$ an           
opportunity ( obs]v+ t x 0 bett] to cat*
 m5 ?an fi%4 ,b h[ c\ld ! disciples ( a 
man :o 0 puni%$ z an impo/or1 make      
!mselves be li/5$ to8 ,x 0 necess>y to  

give out t _! ma/] dur+ 8 life hav+     
rais$ o!rs f ! dead1 _h1 aft] 8 own     
dea?1 rais$ himself 9 virtue ( 8        
omnipot5ce4 ,jesus _h pr$ict$ x2 x 0    
!re=e necess>y to accompli% ! pr$iction4
 ,! honor ( ! ma/] & 8 disciples !reby  
acquir$ a new lu/re2 & ! sect1 f> f see+
 itself annihilat$ or disgrac$1 0 enabl$
 to acquire new p>tizans 9 ?is cr$ul\s  
nation4  ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is reason+1 ! 
apo/les _h only to make ! body ( _!     
ma/]1 dead or alive1 to disappe>2 :]eas 
if x _h rema9$ 9 ! tomb1 x w\ld h borne 
evid5ce aga9/ !m4 ,!y did n ev5 wait    
till ! ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 !      
pret5d$ prophecy 7 expir$4 ,! dead body 
disappe>$ on ! second day2 & ?us !      
second day aft] 8 decease1 our h]o1     
triumph+ ov] hell & ! grave1 f\nd       
himself revivifi$4  ,if ,jesus did n die
 ( 8 puni%m5t1 8 resurrection _h no?+   
surpris+ 9 x4 ,if he 0 actually dead1 ! 
cave :]e 8 body 0 deposit$1 might h     
secret passages1 ?r\gh :i* !y c\ld ent] 
& return )\t be+ obs]v$1 or /opt by !   

enorm\s /one ) :i* !y _h affect$ to     
block up its entrance1 & ne> :i* ! gu>ds
 _h be5 plac$4 ,?us ! dead body might h 
be5 c>ri$ (f ei!r by =ce or by /ratagem2
 &1 p]haps1 x _h nev] be5 deposit$ 9 !  
tomb at all4 ,9 :atev] mann] ! affair 0 
transact$1 a report 0 circulat$ t ,jesus
 0 ris5 & 8 body n to be f\nd4  ,no?+ is
 ( m importance to a ,*ri/ian1 ?an to   
asc]ta9 satisfactorily ! resurrection ( 
,jesus4 ,paul tells u1 t if ,jesus be n 
ris51 our hope is va94 ,inde$ )\t ?is   
miracle ( ,omnipot5ce1 int5d$ to manife/
 ! sup]iority ( ,jesus ov] o!r m51 & !  
int]e/ ,deity took 9 8 success1 he mu/  
appe> only z an adv5tur]1 or weak       
fanatic1 puni%$ = hav+ giv5 umbrage to !
 prie/s ( 8 c\ntry4 ,x is !re=e         
requisite to exam9e s]i\sly a fact on   
:i* alone ! belief ( e ,*ri/ian is      
f\nd$4 ,9 do+ ?is x is necess>y to      
satisfy ourselves ( ! quality ( !       
witnesses :o atte/ ! fact2 :e!r !y 7    
acute1 dis9t]e/$1 intellig5t p]sons2 &  
if !y agree 9 _! n>ratives4 ,^!         

precautions are ! m necess>y1 :5 x is   
int5d$ to exam9e sup]natural facts1 :i*1
 to be believ$1 require mu* /rong] pro(s
 ?an ord9>y facts4 ,on ! unanim\s       
te/imony ( "s hi/orians1 we readily     
believe t ,cas> made himself ma/] (     
,gaul4 ,! circum/ances ( 8 conque/ w\ld 
be less e/abli%$ 7 we to f9d !m relat$  
by himself only1 or 8 adh]5ts2 b !y w\ld
 appe> incr$ible1 if we f\nd 9 !m       
prodigies or facts contr>y to ! ord] (  
nature4 ,we %\ld !n h reason to believe 
t x 0 int5d$ to impose on u2 or1 if we  
judg$ m favorably ( ! au?ors1 we w\ld   
reg>d !m z en?usia/s & fools4           
,agreeably to ^! pr9ciples ( s\nd       
criticism1 let u consid] :o are !       
witnesses t atte/ ! m>vell\s1 &1        
consequ5tly1 ! lea/ probable fact :i*   
hi/ory c produce4 ,!y are apo/les--,b :o
 are ^! apo/les8 !y are adh]5ts (       
,jesus4 ,7 ^! apo/les enlight5$ m58 ,e  
?+ proves t !y 7 ignorant & rude1 & t an
 indefatigable cr$ulity 0 ! mo/ prom95t 
trait 9 _! "*4 ,did !y behold ,jesus    

ris+ f ! dead8--,no3--no "o beheld ?is  
great miracle4 ,! apo/les !mselves did n
 see _! ma/] com+ out ( ! grave2 !y     
m]ely f\nd t 8 tomb 0 empty2 :i* by no  
means proves t he _h ris54 ,x w1 h[ev]1 
be said1 t ! apo/les saw him aft]w>ds & 
conv]s$ ) him1 & t he %[$ himself to "s 
wom5 :o knew him v well4 ,b ^! apo/les &
 ^! wom51 did !y see di/9ctly8 ,did n _!
 prepossess$ imag9ations make !m see :at
 did n exi/8 ,is x absolutely c]ta9 t _!
 ma/] 0 dead be=e !y laid him 9 ! tomb8 
,9 ! second place1 7 ^! witnesses       
dis9t]e/$8 ,! apo/les & disciples (     
,jesus 71 d\btless int]e/$ 9 ! glory (  
_! ma/]4 ,_! int]e/s 7 closely connect$ 
) ^? ( a man :o enabl$ !m to subsi/ )\t 
toil4 ,sev]al among !m expect$ to be    
recomp5s$ = _! atta*m5t1 by ! favors :i*
 he promis$ to be/[ on !m 9 ! k+dom he 0
 ab\t to e/abli%4 ,f9d+ ^! hopes de/roy$
 by ! dea?1 real or suppos$1 ( _! *ief1 
mo/ ( ! apo/les1 p]suad$ t all 0 ov]1   
lo/ c\rage2 b1 o!rs1 less daunt$1       
conceiv$ t x 0 n necess>y to give up all

 hope1 b t !y might /ill pr(it by !     
impressions :i* ! prea*+ & wond]s (     
,jesus _h made on ! p4 ,!y believ$ t _! 
ma/] might aga9 return1 or1 if !y       
suppos$ him dead1 !y c\ld ass]t t he _h 
=etold he w\ld rise aga94 ,!y !re=e     
agre$ to circulate ! report ( 8         
resurrection1 & to say t !y _h se5 him  
aft] he _h triumphantly come out ( !    
tomb4 ,?is w\ld appe> v cr$ible 9 ! case
 ( a p]sonage :o _h prov$ himself       
capable ( rais+ o!rs f ! dead4 ,kn[+ !  
imbecility ( ^? !y _h to deal )1 !y     
presum$ t ! p 7 prep>$ long be=eh& to   
believe ! m>vell\s wond] :i* !y int5d$  
to ann\nce4 ,!y conceiv$ t x 0 necess>y 
9 ord] to subsi/1 to cont9ue prea*+     
doctr9es :i* w\ld n attract an audi5ce  
if x _h n be5 tak5 = grant$ t _! au?or 0
 ris5 aga94 ,!y felt t x 0 necess>y to  
prea* ! resurrection ( ,jesus1 or p]i% )
 hung]4 ,!y =esaw1 moreov]1 t x 0       
requisite to brave *a/isem5t & ev5 dea?1
 r ?an r5\nce an op9ion on :i* _! daily 
subsi/5ce & welf>e absolutely dep5d$4   

,h5ce unbeliev]s conclude1 t ! witnesses
 ( ! resurrection 7 any ?+ b dis9t]e/$1 
& 7 spurr$ on by ! pr9ciple1 t he :o    
risks no?+1 ga9s no?+4  ,9 ! ?ird place1
 are ! witnesses ( ! resurrection       
unanim\s 9 _! evid5ce8 ,mu* m1 are !y   
consi/5t ) !mselves 9 _! n>ratives8 ,we 
f9d nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4 ,?\gh ,jesus1 
accord+ to "s ( ! evangeli/s1 _h =etold 
9 ! mo/ positive mann]1 t he w\ld rise  
aga91 ,john makes no m5tion ( ?is       
pr$iction1 b expressly decl>es1 t !     
disciples ( ,jesus knew n t he mu/ rise 
aga9 f ! dead4 ,?is d5otes 9 !m a total 
ignorance ( t great ev5t1 said1 h[ev]1  
to h be5 ann\nc$ by _! ma/]2 & creates a
 suspicion t ^! pr$ictions 7 pi\sly     
inv5t$ aft]w>ds4 ,yet no?+ c be m       
positive ?an ! mann] 9 :i* ,mat!w speaks
 ( ! pr$iction3 he supposes x s well    
kn[n to ! public1 t he affirms ! prie/s 
& ph>isees w5t to ,pilate & told him1   
,we rememb] ?is deceiv] said :ile he 0  
yet alive1 t aft] ?ree days he w\ld rise
 aga94 ,we d n1 h[ev]1 f9d 9 any ( !    

evangeli/s a passage :]e ?is            
resurrection is =etold 9 s public &     
decid$ a mann]4 ,mat!w himself relates  
only ! answ] ( ,jesus to ^? :o dem&$ a  
sign2 x consi/$1 z we h else:]e rem>k$1 
9 ref]r+ !m to ,jonas1 :o 0 ?ree days & 
?ree nights 9 ! belly ( ! :ale2 s1 said 
he1 %all ! ,son ( man be ?ree days &    
?ree nights 9 ! he>t ( ! e>?4 ,n[       
,jesus1 hav+ di$ on ,friday1 at ! n9?   
h\r1 or ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 &    
ris5 aga9 ! second day e>ly 9 ! morn+1 0
 n ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! he>t ( ! 
e>?4 ,besides1 ! obscure mann] 9 :i*    
,jesus express$ himself 9 ?is pret5d$   
pr$iction1 c\ld n enable ! prie/s &     
ph>isees to conclude t he mu/ die & rise
 aga91 or excite _! al>m2 unless x is   
pret5d$1 t on ?is occasion ^! enemies ( 
,jesus receiv$ ! int]pretation ( !      
my/]i\s pr$iction by a p>ticul>         
revelation4  ,john tells u1 t :5 ,jesus 
0 tak5 d[n f ! cross by ,joseph (       
,arima!a1 ,nicodemus br\ght a mixture ( 
aloes & myrrh1 weigh+ ab\t a hundr$     

p\nds1 to embalm him1 & t he aft]w>ds   
took ! body1 wrapp$ x 9 a clean l95     
clo?1 appli$ ! spices accord+ to !      
practice ( ! ,jews 9 _! fun]al          
c]emonies1 & laid x 9 ! tomb4 ,?us 0    
,jesus embalm$1 c>ri$ away1 & buri$4 ,on
 ! o!r h&1 ,mat!w & ,luke tell u t ?is  
sepul*re & embalm+ 7 p]=m$ 9 pres5ce (  
,m>y ,magdalane & ,m>y ! "m ( ,jesus1 :o
 consequ5tly mu/ h kn[n :at ,nicodemus  
_h done2 yet ,m>k1 =gett+ all ?is1 tells
 u t ^! same wom5 br\ght sweet spices   
7aromatics7 9 ord] to embalm 8 body1 &  
came = t purpose e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( ! day 
subsequ5t to ! ,sabba?4 ,luke has no    
bett] memory3 he in=ms u t ^! ladies    
came also to embalm a dead body1 :i*1   
accord+ to ,john1 _h already receiv$ a  
hundr$ p\nds weight ( aromatics1 & 0    
inclos$ 9 a sepul*re1 ! entrance ( :i* 0
 block$ up by a massy /one t emb>rass$ !
 wom5 z mu* at f9d+ x z ! incr$ul\s are 
) ^! contradictions ( our evangeli/s4   
,! ladies1 h[ev]1 :o felt int]rupt$ by !
 /one1 _h no dread ( ! gu>d :i* ,mat!w  

plac$ at ! entrance ( ! tomb4 ,b if ^!  
wom5 knew t ,jesus 0 to rise aga9 at !  
end ( ?ree days1 :y 7 !y s c>eful 9     
embalm+ 8 body8--unless inde$ we suppose
 t ,jesus made a secret to 8 "m & ! t5d]
 ,magdalane1 ( an ev5t1 :i*1 x is       
ass]t$1 0 publicly pr$ict$1 & p]fectly  
well kn[n n only to 8 disciples1 b to ! 
prie/s & ph>isees4 ,accord+ to ,mat!w1 !
 precautions us$ 7 f\nd$ on ! fe> !     
prie/s ent]ta9$ t ! disciples %\ld come 
& c>ry away ! body1 & aft]w>ds say unto 
! p1 t ,jesus _h ris5 f ! dead2 an      
error1 :i*1 9 _! op9ion1 w\ld be m      
dang]\s ?an ! fir/4 ,nev]!less1 we f9d  
sev]al wom5 & disciples cont9ually roam+
 ab\t ! tomb1 go+ & com+ freely1 & (f]+ 
to embalm ! same dead body twice4 ,x mu/
 be ackn[l$g$1 t all ?is surpasses human
 und]/&+4  ,x is n m easy to conceive ! 
conduct ( ! gu>ds plac$ ne> ! tomb at ! 
solicitation ( ! prie/s1 or t ( ! prie/s
 !mselves4 ,accord+ to ,mat!w1 ^! gu>ds1
 t]rifi$ at ! resurrection ( ,jesus1 ran
 to ,j]usalem to tell ! prie/s1 t !     

angel ( ! ,"l _h desc5d$ f heav51 & tak5
 away ! /one :i* block$ up ! tomb2 & t  
at ! sight ( him !y _h ne>ly expir$     
?r\gh fe>4 ,on ?is ! prie/s1 n at all   
d\bt+ ! tru? ( ! relation ( ! gu>ds1    
enjo9$ !m to say publicly t ! disciples 
( ,jesus _h c>ri$ away 8 body dur+ !    
night1 & :ile !y 7 asleep4 ,!y also gave
 ! soldi]s money to speak 9 ?is mann]1 &
 promis$ to pacify ! gov]nor if he      
int5d$ to puni% !m = _! neglig5ce4  ,!  
gu>ds1 x w be obs]v$1 did n say !y _h   
se5 ,jesus rise2 !y pret5d$ m]ely to h  
se5 ! angel ( ! ,"l desc5d+ f heav51 &  
roll+ away ! /one :i* 0 at ! entrance ( 
! tomb4 ,?us ?is hi/ory ann\nces an     
app>ition only1 & n a resurrection4 ,we 
might expla9 x 9 a mann] natural en\gh  
by suppos+ t dur+ ! night1 :ile ! gu>ds 
7 asleep1 ! adh]5ts ( ,jesus came by !  
light ( flambeaus1 ) an arm$ =ce to op5 
! tomb & intimidate ! soldi]s1 :o1 9 !  
al>m imag9$ !y _h se5 _! prey tak5 out (
 _! h&s by a sup]natural p[]2 & t !y    
aft]w>ds affirm$ all ?is 9 ord] to      

ju/ify !mselves4  ,! mo/ s+ul>          
circum/ance is ! conduct ( ! prie/s1 :o 
believ$ ! /ory ( ! gu>ds1 & consequ5tly 
gave cr$it to a miracle /rong en\gh to  
conv9ce !m ( ! p[] ( ,jesus4 ,b f> f be+
 conv9c$ by ! prodigy :i* !y ?us        
believ$1 !y gave money to ! soldi]s to  
engage !m to tell1 n ! incid5t z x      
occurr$1 b t ! disciples ( ,jesus came  
by night to take away ! body ( _! ma/]4 
,on ! o!r h&1 ! gu>ds1 :o mu/ h be5 m   
dead ?an alive ?r\gh t]ror at !         
spectacle !y _h witness$1 accept$ money 
= publi%+ a falsehood2 a conduct = :i* !
 angel ( ! ,"l might v prop]ly h puni%$ 
!m4 ,f>1 h[ev]1 f dread+ puni%m5t1 ^!   
soldi]s = a sum ( money cons5t$ to      
betray _! consci5ces4 ,b c\ld ! ,jewi%  
prie/s1 h[ev] base we may suppose !m1 be
 silly en\gh to imag9e t ^! m51 aft]    
hav+ witness$ s /rik+ a miracle1 w\ld be
 v fai?ful 9 pres]v+ ! secret8 ,x mu/ h 
be5 an insignificant miracle inde$ :i*  
c\ld make no impression ei!r on !       
soldi]s :o _h se5 x1 or on ! prie/s :o  

believ$ x on ! relation ( ^! soldi]s4   
,if ! prie/s 7 conv9c$ ( ! reality ( !  
miracle1 0 x n natural t !y %\ld        
recognize ,jesus = ! messiah1 & t !y    
%\ld unite ) him 9 labor+ to deliv] _!  
c\ntry f ! yoke ( idolat]s8  ,on ?is    
occasion1 inde$1 ! angel ( ! ,"l seems  
to h bungl$ ! affair1 by s t]rify+ !    
soldi]s t !y fl$ )\t hav+ "t to see     
,jesus ris+ f ! dead2 ^: resurrection1  
h[ev]1 0 ! object ( all ?is pomp\s      
prep>ation4 ,v f> f all[+ x to be se5 by
 any "o1 ?is awkw>d angel *as$ away !   
gu>ds :o ought to h be5 ! witnesses ( ! 
mighty wond]4 ,x appe>s1 9 fact1 t !    
transaction or ,jesus' resurrection 0   
se5 by nobody4 ,8 disciples did n see x2
 ! soldi]s1 :o gu>d$ 8 tomb1 did n see  
x2 & ! prie/s & ,jews did n hold ?is    
fact to be s memorable z "s p]sons :o   
beheld no "p ( x4 ,x 0 only aft] 8      
resurrection t ,jesus %[$ himself4 ,b to
 :om did he %[ himself8 ,to disciples1  
int]e/$ 9 say+ t he 0 ris5 aga92 to     
wom51 :o to ! same int]e/ jo9$ also weak

 m9ds & ard5t imag9ations1 dispos$ to =m
 phantoms & *im]as4  ,^! rem>ks w enable
 u to judge ( all ! pret5d$ appe>ances (
 ,jesus aft] 8 resurrection4 ,besides1 !
 evangeli/s are n unanim\s z to ^!      
appe>ances4 ,mat!w relates1 t ,jesus %[$
 himself to ,m>y ,magdalane & ! o!r     
,m>y2 ,john makes m5tion ( ,m>y         
,magdalane s+ly4 ,mat!w tells u1 t      
,jesus %[$ himself to ! two ,m>ys on !  
road :il/ return+ f ! sepul*re on       
purpose to apprize ! disciples ( :at !y 
_h se54 ,john in=ms u1 t ,m>y           
,magdalane1 aft] visit+ ! sepul*re1     
c>ri$ ! news to ! disciples1 & !reaft]  
return$ to ?is same sepul*re1 :]e %e    
beheld ,jesus 9 ! company ( angels4     
,mat!w affirms1 t ! two ,m>ys embrac$ ! 
feet ( ,jesus4 ,john says1 ,jesus =bade 
,m>y ,magdalane to t\* him4 ,mat!w in=ms
 u1 t ,jesus bade ! two ,m>ys tell 8    
disciples t he 0 go+ into ,galilee4     
,john says1 ,jesus ord]$ ,m>y to acqua9t
 8 disciples1 t he 0 go+ to 8 ,fa!r2 t  
is1 to heav54 ,b x is m s+ul> /ill1 t1  

accord+ to ,m>k1 ! disciples !mselves 7 
n incl9$ to cr$it ! app>ition ( ,jesus  
to ,magdalane4 ,agreeably to ,luke1 !y  
treat$ all t %e told !m ( angels1 z     
rev]ies4 ,accord+ to ,john1 ,magdalane  
h]self did n at fir/ believe t %e _h se5
 h] adorable lov]1 :om %e took = !      
g>d5]4  ,!re is no great] c]ta9ty 9 !   
app>ition ( ,jesus to ,pet] & ,john4 ,^!
 two apo/les w5t to ! sepul*re1 b !y did
 n f9d _! de> ma/]4 ,accord+ to ,john1  
he himself saw nei!r ,jesus nor 8       
angels4 ,f ,luke x appe>s1 t ^! apo/les 
arriv$ aft] ! angels 7 gone2 & f ,john1 
be=e ! angels _h arriv$4 ,! witnesses   
are1 inde$1 v little unanim\s z to ^!   
angels1 :o seem to h be5 se5 only by !  
good ladies1 :om !y *>g$ to ann\nce to !
 disciples ! resurrection ( ,jesus4     
,mat!w makes m5tion ( "o angel only1 :om
 ,m>k calls a "y man4  ,john affirms t  
!re 7 two4  ,x is said t ,jesus %[$     
himself aga9 to two disciples ( ,emaus1 
call$ ,simon & ,cleophas2 b !y did n    
recognize him1 ?\gh !y _h liv$ famili>ly

 ) him4 ,!y proce$$ a long :ile 9 8     
company )\t suspect+ :o he 0--a         
circum/ance :i*1 und\bt$ly1 ev9c$ a v   
/range failure ( memory4 ,x is true1    
,luke tells u t _! eyes 7 z if %ut4 ,is 
x n v s+ul> t ,jesus %\ld %[ himself 9  
ord] n to be kn[n aga98 ,!y1 h[ev]1     
recogniz$ him aft]w>ds2 b imm$iately    
dread+1 z x w\ld seem1 to be se5 too    
ne>ly1 ! phantom disappe>$4 ,! two      
disciples w5t imm$iately & ann\nc$ !    
news to _! bre?r5 assembl$ at ,j]usalem1
 :]e ,jesus arriv$ fully z soon z !y4   
,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ,luke1 agree 9 tell+ u1 
t :5 ! disciples 7 in=m$ ( !            
resurrection ( ,jesus1 !y saw him = !   
fir/ & la/ "t4 ,b ! au?or ( ! ,acts ( ! 
,apo/les1 ,john & ,paul contradict ?is  
ass]tion1 = !y speak ( sev]al o!r       
appe>ances :i* aft]w>ds occurr$4 ,mat!w 
& ,m>k in=m u1 t ! disciples receiv$    
ord]s to g & jo9 ,jesus 9 ,galilee2 b   
,luke & ! au?or ( ! ,acts 7i4e4 ! same  
,luke7 says1 t ! disciples 7 ord]$ n to 
g out ( ,j]usalem4 ,z to ?is la/        

app>ition1 ,mat!w places x on a m\nta9 9
 ,galilee1 :]e ,jesus _h fix$ ! r5dezv\s
 = ! ev5+ ( ! day ( 8 resurrection2 :il/
 ,luke in=ms u t x 0 at ,j]usalem1 &    
tells u t imm$iately !reaft] ,jesus     
asc5d$ into heav51 & disappe>$ =ev]4    
,yet ! au?or ( ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les is n
 ( ?is op9ion3 he ma9ta9s1 aga9/        
himself1 t ,jesus t>ri$ /ill =ty days ) 
8 disciples 9 ord] to in/ruct !m4  ,!re 
/ill rema9 to be consid]$ two appe>ances
 ( ,jesus to 8 apo/les1 ! "o at :i*     
,?omas 0 n pres5t1 & refus$ to believe  
^? :o assur$ him ( _! hav+ se5 _! ma/]1 
& ! o!r :5 ,?omas recogniz$ 8 ma/]1 :o  
%ew$ him 8 w\nds4 ,to r5d] "o ( ^!      
app>itions m m>vell\s1 !y assure u t    
,jesus 0 se5 9 ! mid/ ( 8 disciples :il/
 ! doors 7 %ut4 ,b ?is w n appe>        
surpriz+ to ^? :o "k t ,jesus aft] 8    
resurrection1 _h an immat]ial or        
incorporeal body1 :i* c\ld make itself a
 passage ?r\gh ! smalle/ orifices4 ,8   
disciples took him = a _s3 yet ?is _s _h
 w\nds1 0 palpable1 & took food4 ,b1    

p]haps1 all ?is 0 only *im]ical1 & ^?   
app>itions m]e illusions4 ,inde$1 h[    
c\ld ! apo/les be assur$ ( ! reality (  
:at !y saw8 ,a be+ :o has ! p[] ( *ang+ 
! c\rse ( nature1 c de/roy all ! rules  
by :i* we judge ( c]ta9ty3 h[ !n c\ld !y
 ev] be c]ta9 ( hav+ se5 ,jesus aft] 8  
resurrection8  ,john speaks ( sev]al    
appe>ances ( ,jesus to 8 disciples1 (   
:i* no m5tion is made by ! o!r          
evangeli/s3 h5ce we see t 8 te/imony    
de/roys !irs1 or t !irs de/roy 84 ,z to 
! app>itions ( ,jesus :i* ,paul m5tions1
 he 0 n a witness ( !m1 & knew !m only  
by he>say2 we f9d him accord+ly speak+ (
 !m 9 a mann] n v exact4 ,he says t     
,jesus %[$ himself to ! twelve1 :ile x  
is evid5t t1 by ! dea? ( ,judas1 !      
apo/olic college 0 r$uc$ to elev54 ,we  
are surpriz$ to see ^! inaccuracies 9 an
 inspir$ au?or2 !y may r5d] suspici\s   
:at he likewise says ( ! app>ition (    
,jesus to five hundr$ ( ! bre?r5 at     
once4 ,z to himself we "k1 t he nev] saw
 8 ma/] b 9 a vision2 & consid]+ !      

te/imonies on :i* ! resurrection (      
,jesus is f\nd$1 p]haps we may say z mu*
 ( ! o!r apo/les & disciples4 ,!y 7     
,jews1 en?usia/s1 & prophets2 &         
consequ5tly subject to dream+ ev5 :ile  
awake4 ,! incr$ul\s consid] ?is to be ! 
mo/ favorable op9ion !y c =m ( witnesses
 :o atte/ ! resurrection ( ! ,savi\r1 on
 :i* h[ev] ! ,*ri/ian religion is solely
 e/abli%$4  ,x appe>s1 inde$1 mo/ c]ta9 
f ! nature ( ! te/imonies we h exam9$1 t
 provid5ce has 9 a s+ul> mann] neglect$ 
to give to an ev5t s memorable & ( su*  
great importance1 ! au!nticity x seem$  
to require4 ,lay+ aside fai?1 :i* nev]  
exp]i5ces any difficulty ab\t pro(s1 no 
man c believe facts1 ev5 ! mo/ natural1 
f v\*]s s faulty1 pro(s s weak1         
relations s contradictory1 & te/imonies 
s suspici\s z ^? :i* ! evangeli/s furni%
 u on ! mo/ incr$ible & m>vell\s        
occurr5ce t 0 ev] relat$4 ,indep5d5t ( !
 visible int]e/ ^! hi/orians _h 9       
e/abli%+ ! belief ( ! resurrection ( _! 
ma/]1 & :i* ought to put u on our gu>d  

aga9/ !m1 !y seem to h writt5 m]ely to  
contradict "o ano!r1 & reciprocally     
weak5 _! evid5ce4 ,to adopt relations 9 
:i* we h only a tissue ( contradictions1
 improbable facts1 & absurdities1       
calculat$ to de/roy all confid5ce 9     
hi/ory1 requires inde$ grace f above4   
,yet ,*ri/ians d n = a mom5t d\bt !     
resurrection2 & _! belief 9 ?is respect 
is f\nd$ on a rock2 t is on prejudices  
!y h nev] exam9$1 & to :i* f e>ly       
infancy _! spiritual guides h prud5tly  
atta*$ ! greate/ importance4 ,!y tea* !m
 to immolate reason1 judgm5t1 & good    
s5se1 on ! alt> ( fai?4 ,aft] ?is       
sacrifice1 x is no long] difficult to   
make !m ackn[l$ge1 )\t enquiry1 ! mo/   
palpable absurdities = tru?s1 on :i* x  
is n p]mitt$ ev5 to be sceptical4  ,x is
 9 va9 t p ( s5se demon/rate ! falsity (
 ^! pret5d$ tru?s2 x is 9 va9 t an      
intellig5t critic /&s up aga9/ int]e/$  
te/imonies1 visibly sugge/$ by en?usiasm
 & impo/ure2 x is 9 va91 t humanity     
exclaims aga9/ w>s1 massacres1 & horrors

 )\t numb]1 :i* absurd disputes on      
absurd dogmas h occasion$4 ,!y sil5ce ! 
cr$ul\s by say+1 t x is writt51 ,i w    
de/roy ! wisdom ( ! wise1 & w br+ to    
n\ght ! und]/&+ ( ! prud5t4--,:]e is !  
wise8 ,:]e are ! scribes8 7! doctors ( !
 law74 ,ha? n ,god made fooli% ! wisdom 
( ?is _w by caus+ ! fooli%ness ( !      
gospel to be prea*$8 ,x is by su*       
declamations aga9/ reason & wisdom t    
fanatics & impo/ors h almo/ bani%$ good 
s5se f ! e>?1 & =m$ slaves :o make a    
m]it ( reject+ reason1 ( ext+ui%+ a     
sacr$ tor* :i* w\ld conduct !m )        
c]ta9ty1 on purpose to lead !m a/ray 9 !
 d>kness :i* ^! int]e/$ guides "k h[ to 
infuse into m9ds4  ,! dogma ( !         
resurrection ( ,jesus is only atte/$ by 
m5 ^: subsi/5ce dep5d$ on t absurd      
romance2 & z rogu]y cont9ually belies   
itself1 ^! witnesses c\ld n agree among 
!mselves 9 _! evid5ce4 ,!y tell u1 t    
,jesus _h publicly pr$ict$ 8 own        
resurrection4 ,he ought !re=e to h ris5 
publicly2 he ought to h %ewn himself1 n 

9 secret to 8 disciples1 b op5ly to     
prie/s1 ph>isees1 doctors1 & m5 (       
und]/&+1 especially aft] hav+ intimat$1 
t x 0 ! only sign :i* w\ld be giv5 !m4  
,0 x n ackn[l$g+ ! falsehood ( 8        
mission1 to refuse ! sign by :i* he _h  
solemnly promis$ to prove ! tru? ( t    
mission8 ,0 x reasonable to require !   
,jews to believe1 on ! ^w ( 8 disciples1
 a fact :i* he c\ld h demon/rat$ be=e _!
 own eyes8 ,h[ is x possible = rational 
p]sons ( ! pres5t age to believe1 aft] !
 lapse ( eighte5 hundr$ ye>s1 on !      
discordant te/imonies ( f\r int]e/$     
evangeli/s1 fanatics1 or fabuli/s1 a    
/ory :i* !y c\ld n make be believ$ 9 _! 
own "t2 except by a small numb] (       
imbecile p1 incapable ( reason+1 fond ( 
! m>vell\s1 & ( too limit$ und]/&+s to  
escape ! sn>es laid = _! simplicity4 ,a 
,roman gov]nor1 a tetr>*1 a ,jewi% high 
prie/1 conv]t$ by ! app>ition ( ,jesus1 
w\ld h made a great] impression on a man
 ( s5se ?an a hundr$ secret app>itions  
to 8 *os5 disciples4 ,! conv]sion ( !   

,sanh$rim at ,j]usalem to ! fai?1 w\ld h
 be5 ( great] weight ?an all ! obscure  
rabble :i* ! apo/les prevail$ on to     
believe _! improbable m>vels1 & p]suad$ 
t !y _h se5 ,jesus alive aft] 8 dea?4   
,if ! app>itions ( ,jesus to 8 apo/les 7
 n obvi\sly fables inv5t$ by rogu]y1 or 
adopt$ ?r\gh en?usiasm & ignorance1 !   
motive ( ^! cl&e/9e visits _c be div9$4 
,become incapable ( suff]+1 &           
re-e/abli%$ 9 8 div9e omnipot5ce1 0 he  
/ill afraid ( ! ,jews8 ,c\ld he dread   
be+ put to dea? a second "t8 ,by aga9   
%[+ himself1 _h he n bett] reason to    
calculate on conv]t+ !m ?an he d]iv$ f  
all 8 s]mons & miracles8  ,b x is said t
 ! ,jews by _! opposition des]v$ to be  
reject$2 t ! views ( provid5ce 7 *ang$2 
& t ,god no long] wi%$ 8 *os5 p %\ld be 
conv]t$4 ,^! answ]s are s _m insults to 
! ,div9ity4 ,h[ is x possible = m5 to   
)/& ,god8 ,is x n to d5y ! ,div9e       
,omnipot5ce to pret5d t man c oppose its
 w8 ,man1 x is ass]t$1 is free2 b mu/ n 
a ,god :o knew e ?+1 h =ese5 t ! ,jews  

w\ld abuse _! lib]ty by resi/+ 8 w8 ,9 t
 case :y s5d !m 8 ,son8 ,:y make him    
suff] to no purpose an infam\s & cruel  
dea?8 ,:y n s5d him at once to creatures
 dispos$ to he> him1 & r5d] him homage8 
,to pret5d t ! views ( provid5ce 7      
*ang$1 is x n to attack ! div9e         
immutability8 ,unless inde$ x be said1 t
 ,deity _h f all et]nity resolv$ on ?is 
*ange2 :i*1 h[ev]1 w n %elt] t          
immutability4  ,?us1 9 :atev] po9t (    
view we contemplate ! matt]1 x w rema9 a
 decid$ fact1 t ! resurrection ( ,jesus1
 f> f be+ f\nd$ on solid pro(s1         
unexceptionable te/imony1 & respectable 
au?ority1 is obvi\sly e/abli%$ on       
falsehood & knav]y1 :i* p]vade e page ( 
! discordant relations ( ^? :o h pret5d$
 to v\* x4  ,aft] hav+ made _! h]o      
revive & %[ himself1 we "k n h[ (t51 to 
8 tru/y disciples1 x 0 necess>y 9 ! end 
to make him disappe> altoge!r--to s5d   
him back to heav51 9 ord] to conclude ! 
romance4 ,b our /ory-tell]s are n m 9   
union on 8 disappe>ance ?an on o!r ?+s4 

,!y agree nei!r z to ! "t nor ! place ( 
,jesus' asc5sion4 ,m>k & ,luke in=m u1 t
 ,jesus aft] hav+ %[n himself to ! elev5
 apo/les :ile !y 7 at table1 & spok5 to 
!m1 asc5d$ into heav54 ,luke adds1 t he 
conduct$ !m z f> z ,be?any2 lift$ up 8  
h&s & bless$ !m1 & 0 aft]w>ds c>ri$ up  
to heav54 ,m>k contradicts ,luke1 &     
makes ,jesus asc5d to heav5 f ,galilee3 
& z if he _h se5 :at pass$ on high1     
places him on ! "r h& ( ,god1 :o on ?is 
occasion yield$ to him ! place ( honor4 
,mat!w & ,john d n speak ( ?is asc5sion4
 ,if we leave x to !m1 we mu/ say1 t    
,jesus is /ill on e>? accord+ to ! fir/ 
( ^! evangeli/s1 8 la/ words to 8       
disciples gave !m to und]/&1 t he w\ld  
rema9 ) !m until ! end ( ! _w4 ,to fix  
our ideas on ?is subject1 ,luke tells u1
 z we h se51 t ,jesus asc5d$ into heav5 
! v ev5+ ( ! day ( ! resurrection4 ,b he
 aft]w>ds in=ms u1 t ,jesus t>ri$ =ty   
days aft] 8 resurrection ) 8 disciples4 
,fai? only c extricate u f ?is          
emb>rassm5t4 ,john advances no?+ 9 !    

matt]2 b leaves u 9 unc]ta9ty z to ! "t 
:i* ,jesus pass$ on e>? aft] 8          
resurrection4 ,"s unbeliev]s on obs]v+ !
 romantic /yle ( ! gospel ( ?is apo/le1 
h conclud$ f ! mann] 9 :i* he f9i%es 8  
hi/ory1 t he meant to give free c\rse to
 ! fables :i* might aft]w>ds be publi%$ 
ab\t ,jesus4 ,he t]m9ates 8 n>rative )  
^! words2 ,jesus did also _m o!r ?+s1 & 
if !y %\ld be writt5 e "o1 ,i suppose1 t
 ev5 ! _w itself c\ld n conta9 ! books t
 %\ld be writt53 & ) ?is hyp]bole1 !    
well-belov$ apo/le f9i%es ! ,platonic   
romance :i* he made ab\t 8 ma/]4        
,,*apt] ,,xvii4  ,,g5]al ,,reflections  
,,on ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,jesus4--,,prea*+  
,,( ,,! ,,apo/les4--,,conv]sion ,,( ,,/4
 ,,paul4 ,,e/abli%m5t ,,(               
,,*ri/ianity4--,,p]secutions ,,x        
,,suff]s4--,,causes ,,( ,,its           
,,progress4   ,! m]e read+ ( ! life (   
,jesus1 z we h repres5t$ x accord+ to   
docum5ts :i* ,*ri/ians consid] inspir$1 
mu/ be suffici5t to undeceive e ?9k+    
be+4 ,b x is ! prop]ty ( sup]/ition to  

prev5t ?9k+3 x b5umbs ! s\l1 conf\nds ! 
reason1 p]v]ts ! judgm5t1 r5d]s d\btful 
! mo/ obvi\s tru?s1 & makes a m]it ) its
 slaves ( despis+ inquiry1 & ( rely+ on 
! ^w ( ^? :o gov]n !m4 ,x is n          
unseasonable1 !re=e1 to (f] "s          
reflections :i* may be useful to ^? :o h
 n c\rage to draw out ( ! prec$+        
inquiry1 ! consequ5ces :i* naturally    
result f x2 & ?us aid !m 9 =m+ rational 
ideas ( ! ,jesus !y adore1 ( 8 disciples
 :om !y rev]e1 & ( books :i* !y are     
accu/om$ to reg>d z sacr$4  ,our        
exam9ation ( ! bir? ( ,jesus ought to   
r5d] x v suspici\s4 ,we h f\nd ! ,holy  
,_s mi/ak5 on t important article (     
,jesus' life2 = he inspir$ two          
evangeli/s ) two v diff]5t g5ealogies4  
,not)/&+ s /rik+ a blund]1 & !          
consangu9ity ( ,m>y & ,elizabe? wife ( !
 prie/ ,za*>ias1 we %all n cavil on ^!  
po9ts4 ,we %all grant t ,m>y might      
really be ( ! race ( ,david3 _m examples
 demon/rate t ! bran*es ( races m       
illu/ri\s h fall5 into mis]y4 ,dep>t+   

also f ! supposition1 t ,m>y1 !         
immaculate wife ( ,joseph1 may h will+ly
 yield$ to ! angel2 or1 simple & dev\t1 
may h be5 deceiv$ by ! angel1 !re is e  
reason to believe t %e aft]w>ds taught  
h] son 8 desc5t f ,david1 & p]haps1 "s  
m>vell\s circum/ances :i*1 by ju/ify+ ! 
"m1 might k9dle ! en?usiasm ( ! *ild4   
,?us ,jesus1 at a v e>ly age1 might be  
really p]suad$ ( 8 royal extraction1 & (
 ! wond]s :i* _h accompani$ 8 bir?4 ,^! 
ideas might aft]w>ds inflame 8 ambition1
 & lead him to ?9k t he 0 de/9$ to play 
a gr& "p 9 8 native c\ntry4 ,prepossess$
 ) ^! notions1 & intoxicat+ himself m & 
m by ! p]usal ( obscure prophecies &    
traditions1 x is v possible1 t our      
adv5tur] might believe himself actually 
call$ by ! ,div9ity1 & po9t$ out by !   
prophets to be ! re=m]1 ! *ief1 & !     
messiah ( ,israel4 ,he 0 inde$ a        
vision>y1 & f\nd p silly en\gh to be    
caught by 8 rev]ies4  ,ano!r cause might
 likewise contribute to heat ! bra9 (   
our mission>y4 ,"s le>n$ m5 h conjectur$

 ) mu* appe>ance ( tru?1 t ,jesus       
acquir$ 8 morality among a k9d ( monks  
or ,jewi% ,co5obites 7fri>s7 call$      
,!rapeutes or ,ess5ians4 ,we c]ta9ly f9d
 a /rik+ con=mity betwe5 :at ,philo     
tells u ( ^! pi\s en?usia/s1 & ! sublime
 precepts ( ,jesus4 ,! ,!rapeutes ab&on$
 fa!r & "m1 wife1 *ildr51 & prop]ty1 9  
ord] to devote !mselves to              
contemplation4 ,!y expla9$ ! scripture 9
 a mann] purely allegorical2 ab/a9$ f   
oa?s2 liv$ 9 common2 suff]$ ) resolution
 ! mis=tunes ( life1 & di$ ) joy4 ,x is 
c]ta91 t1 9 ! "t ( ! hi/orian ,josephus1
 ?ree sects 7 reckon$ 9 ,judea1 !       
ph>isees1 sadducees1 & ! ,ess5ians1 or  
,ess5es4 ,f ! "t ( t writ]1 !re is no   
long] any m5tion made ( ! latt]2 h5ce "s
 h conclud$ t ^! ,ess5ians1 or          
,!rapeutes1 7 aft]w>ds conf\nd$ or      
incorporat$ ) ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 :o1     
accord+ to e evid5ce1 l$ a mann] ( life 
p]fectly simil> to !irs4 ,f all :i* x   
may be conclud$1 ei!r t ,jesus _h be5 a 
,!rapeute be=e 8 prea*+1 or t he _h     

borr[$ _! doctr9es4  ,:atev] may be 9   
?is1 9 ! mid/ ( an ignorant & sup]/iti\s
 nation1 p]petually f$ ) oracles &      
pomp\s promises2 mis]able at t "t &     
discont5t$ ) ! ,roman yoke2 cont9ually  
cajol$ ) ! expectation ( a deliv]]1 :o 0
 to re/ore !m ) honor1 our en?usia/ )\t 
difficulty f\nd an audi5ce1 &1 by       
degrees1 adh]5ts4 ,m5 are naturally     
dispos$ to li/5 to1 & believe ^? :o make
 !m hope = an end to _! mis]ies4        
,mis=tunes r5d] !m timor\s & cr$ul\s1 & 
lead !m to sup]/ition4 ,a fanatic easily
 makes conque/s among a wret*$ p4 ,x is 
n !n wond]ful t ,jesus %\ld soon acquire
 p>tizans1 especially among ! populace  
:o 9 e c\ntry are easily s$uc$4  ,our   
h]o knew ! weakness ( 8 fell[-citiz5s4  
,!y want$ prodigies1 & he1 9 _! eyes1   
p]=m$ !m4 ,a /upid p1 totally /rang]s to
 ! natural sci5ces1 to m$ic9e1 or to !  
res\rces ( artifice1 easily mi/ook v    
simple op]ations = miracles1 & attribut$
 effects to ! f+] ( ,god :i* might be   
ow+ to ! k ,jesus _h acquir$ dur+ ! long

 int]val t prec$$ 8 mission4 ,no?+ is m 
common ?an ! comb9ation ( en?usiasm &   
impo/ure2 ! mo/ s9c]e devotees1 :5 !y   
int5d to advance :at !y believe to be ! 
^w ( ,god1 (t5 c\nt5ance frauds :i* !y  
/yle pi\s4 ,!re are b few zealots :o d n
 ev5 ?9k crimes all[able :5 ! int]e/s ( 
religion are conc]n$4 ,9 religion1 z at 
play1 "o beg9s ) be+ dupe1 & ends ) be+ 
knave4  ,?us on consid]+ ?+s att5tively1
 & comp>+ ! diff]5t acc\nts ( ! life (  
,jesus1 we mu/ be p]suad$ t he 0 a      
fanatic1 :o really ?\ght himself        
inspir$1 favor$ by ,heav51 s5t to 8     
nation2 9 %ort1 t he 0 ! messiah1 :o1 to
 support 8 div9e mission1 felt no       
difficulty to employ su* deceptions z 7 
be/ calculat$ = a p to :om miracles 7   
absolutely necess>y2 & :om1 )\t         
miracles1 ! mo/ eloqu5t h>angues1 !     
wise/ precepts1 ! mo/ intellig5t        
c\nsels1 & ! true/ pr9ciples c\ld nev] h
 conv9c$4 ,a m$ley ( en?usiasm & juggl+ 
con/itute ! "* ( ,jesus1 & x is t ( all 
spiritual adv5tur]s :o assume ! "n (    

,re=m]s1 or become ! *iefs ( a sect4    
,we always f9d ,jesus1 dur+ 8 :ole      
mission1 prea*+ ! k+dom ( 8 ,fa!r1 &    
support+ 8 prea*+ ) wond]s4 ,at fir/ he 
spoke 9 a v res]v$ mann] ( 8 quality (  
messiah1 son ( ,god1 & son ( ,david4    
,!re 0 prud5ce 9 n giv+ himself out =   
su*4 ,b he suff]$ ! secret to be reveal$
 by ! m\? ( ! devil1 to impose sil5ce on
 :om he commonly took great c>e2 n1     
h[ev]1 until aft] ! devil _h spok5 9 a  
mann] suffici5tly intelligible to make  
an impression on ! spectators4 ,s t ) ! 
assi/ance ( 8 possess$1 8 proselytes1 or
 8 convulsion>ies1 he procur$           
te/imonies1 :i* f 8 own m\? w\ld h be5 v
 suspici\s1 & might h r5d]$ him odi\s4  
,our op]ator also took c>e to *oose 8   
gr\nd = p]=m+ miracles2 he con/antly    
refus$ to op]ate be=e ^? :om he suppos$ 
incl9$ to criticise 8 wond]s4 ,if he    
sometimes p]=m$ !m 9 ! synagogues1 & 9  
pres5ce ( ! doctors1 x 0 9 ! c]ta9ty t !
 less fa/idi\s populace1 :o believ$ 9 8 
miracles1 w\ld take 8 "p1 & def5d him   

aga9/ ! evil designs ( ! m acute        
spectators4  ,! apo/les ( ,jesus appe>  
to h be5 m5 ( _! ma/]'s temp]--cr$ul\s  
or misl$ en?usia/s1 dext]\s *eats1 or   
(t5 bo? toge!r4 ,jesus1 :o _h skill 9   
m51 admitt$ into 8 intimate confid5ce ^?
 only 9 :om he rem>k$ ! mo/ submissive  
cr$ulity or ! greate/ address4 ,on      
important occasions1 su* z ! miracle (  
multiply+ ! loaves1 ! transfiguration1  
c4 we f9d1 z already notic$1 t he us$   
always ! m9i/ry ( ,pet]1 ,james1 &      
,john4  ,x is easy to conceive t 8      
disciples 7 atta*$ to him f int]e/ or   
cr$ulity4 ,! mo/ crafty p]ceiv$ t _!    
=tune c\ld only be ameliorat$ "u !      
conduct ( a man :o knew h[ to impose on 
! vulg>1 & to make 8 foll[]s live at !  
exp5ce ( *>itable devotees4 ,fi%]m51    
=m]ly oblig$ to subsi/ by pa9ful & (t5  
unsuccessful lab\r1 conceiv$ t x 0 m    
advantage\s to atta* !mselves to "o :o  
)\t tr\ble made !m live com=tably4 ,!   
mo/ cr$ul\s expect$ to make a brilliant 
=tune1 & to fill po/s ( em95ce 9 ! new  

k+dom _! *ief int5d$ to e/abli%4 ,x 0   
evid5tly f e>?ly or int]e/$ motives1 & n
 heav5ly1 t ! apo/les atta*$ !mselves to
 ,jesus4 ,at ! la/ supp] !re 0 a /rife  
among/ !m :o %\ld be acc\nt$ ! greate/4 
,! meane/1 z ,bi%op ,p>k] express$ x1   
hop$ at lea/ to h be5 made "l mayor (   
,cap]naum4 ,& ev5 at 8 asc5sion ! only  
"q 8 disciples ask$1 01 ,"l1 wilt ?\ at 
?is "t re/ore aga9 ! k+dom ( ,israel8   
,! hopes & com=ts ( bo? vani%$ on ! dea?
 ( ,jesus4 ,! pusillanim\s lo/ c\rage1 b
 ! mo/ able & subtle did n ?9k x        
necess>y to ab&on ! p>ty4 ,!y !re=e     
contriv$1 z we h se51 ! tale ( !        
resurrection1 by ! aid ( :i* !          
reputation ( _! ma/] & _! own =tune 7   
secur$4 ,x also appe>s1 t ! apo/les nev]
 s9c]ely believ$ _! ma/] 0 a ,god4 ,!   
,acts inconte/ibly demon/rate ! contr>y4
 ,! same ,simon ,pet]1 :o _h recogniz$  
,jesus = ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god1 decl>$ 9 
8 fir/ s]mon1 t he 0 man4 ,ye "k1 says  
he1 t ,jesus ( ,naz>e? 0 a sc,,man_/sc  
:om ,god ha? r5d]$ fam\s among y--,yet  

ye h crucifi$ him--b ,god ha? rais$ him 
up aga91 c4 ,?is passage proves cle>ly t
 ! *ief ( ! apo/les d>$ n yet haz>d1 or 
0 :olly ignorant ( ! doctr9e ( ! div9ity
 ( ,jesus1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds contriv$ by ! 
self-int]e/ ( ! cl]gy & adopt$ by !     
fooli%ness ( ,*ri/ians1 ^: cr$ulity 0   
nev] />tl$ by ! greate/ absurdities4    
,self-int]e/ & folly h p]petuat$ ?is    
doctr9e until our "t4 ,by d9t ( repeat+ 
! same tales = s long a p]iod1 !y h     
succe$$ 9 mak+ p believe ! mo/ ridicul\s
 fables4 ,! religion ( ! *ildr5 is      
always regulat$ by ! fancy ( _! fa!rs4  
,x appe>s h[ev]1 t ! apo/les ( ,jesus1  
depriv$ ( ! c\nsels ( _! ma/]1 c\ld n h 
succe$$ if !y _h n receiv$ p[]ful aid   
aft] 8 dea?1 & select$ associates1 m5 m 
active ?an !mselves1 & bett] calculat$ =
 ! bus9ess4 ,!y delib]at$ toge!r on _!  
common int]e/s2 x 0 !n ! ,holy ,_s      
desc5d$ on !m2 t is1 !y consid]$ on !   
means ( e>n+ a subsi/5ce1 ga9+          
proselytes1 & increas+ ! numb] ( _!     
adh]5ts1 9 ord] to secure !mselves aga9/

 ! ent]prizes ( ! prie/s & gr&ees ( !   
nation1 :om ! new sect might h v mu*    
displeas$4 ,n satisfi$ ) hav+ put ,jesus
 to dea?1 !y _h ! impud5ce to p]secute 8
 disciples4 ,!y engag$ ,h]od to de/roy  
,james ! bro!r ( ,jesus2 f9ally !y caus$
 ,/eph5 to be /on$4 ,^! prie/s & doctors
 did n p]ceive t p]secution is ! sure/  
me?od ( spread+ fanaticism1 & t x always
 gives importance to ! p>ty p]secut$4   
,accord+ly ?is p]secut+ _s1 inh]5t 9 !  
cl]gy1 creat$ new p>tisans to ! p]secut$
 sect4 ,h>d treatm5t1 & imprisonm5t     
always r5d] sect>ies m ob/9ate1 &       
int]e/+ objects to ^? :o witness _!     
suff]+s4 ,tortures excite our pity 9    
behalf ( ! p]son :o endures !m4 ,e      
fanatic t is puni%$ is c]ta9 ( f9d+     
cr$ul\s fri5ds to aid him1 because !y   
p]suade !mselves x is = tru? he is      
p]secut$4  ,! proce$+s in/igat$ by !    
prie/s1 conv9c$ ! new sect>ies t x 0 ( !
 utmo/ importance to unite _! int]e/s4  
,!y felt x necess>y to avoid qu>rels1 & 
e ?+ :i* c\ld create division2 !y 9     

consequ5ce liv$ 9 concord & peace4  ,!  
apo/les1 n[ become heads ( ! sect1 did n
 neglect _! own int]e/s4 ,"o ( ! fir/   
faculties ) :i* ! ,holy ,_s inspir$ !m1 
0 to pr(it by dev\t s\ls1 & engage !m to
 place all _! prop]ty 9 common4 ,!      
apo/les 7 ! deposit>ies ( ^! goods1 & _h
 "u _! ord]s m9i/]s or s]vants1 kn[n by 
! "n ( deacons1 *>g$ ) ! di/ribution (  
alms4 ,^! great sa9ts1 x is to be       
presum$1 did n =get !mselves 9 ^!       
di/ributions4 ,x appe>s also1 t ! law = 
?is communion ( goods1 0 obs]v$ ) rigor1
 z we f9d1 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1      
,ananias & ,saphira /ruck dead1 on !    
pray] ( ,pet]1 = hav+ _h ! tem]ity to   
reta9 a portion ( _! own prop]ty3 a     
conduct :i* w\ld appe> z unju/1 z b>b>\s
 9 any o!r p]son b an apo/le ( ,jesus4  
,x mu/ h[ev] be ackn[l$g$1 t ! law1 :i* 
oblig$ ! ri* to place _! prop]ty 9      
common1 0 v important1 n only to !      
apo/les1 b = increas+ ! sect4 ,! poor   
und\bt$ly mu/ h be5 eag] to jo9 a p>ty  
:]e ! ri* engag$ to lay ! clo?4 ,h5ce x 

is easy to p]ceive1 h[ ?is in/itution   
might augm5t ! numb] ( ! fai?ful )\t a  
miracle4  ,( all ! adh]5ts ! new-born   
sect acquir$1 !re 0 none sup]ior to     
,saul1 aft]w>ds kn[n by ! "n ( ,paul4 ,!
 actions & writ+s ascrib$ to ?is ,apo/le
 exhibit him z an ambiti\s1 active1     
intrepid1 & op9iative man1 full (       
en?usiasm1 & capable ( inspir+ o!rs ) x4
 ,engag$ at fir/ 9 ! pr(ession ( a      
t5t-mak]1 he aft]w>ds atta*$ himself to 
,gamaliel1 a doctor ( ! law & r5d]$     
s]vices to ! prie/s 9 _! p]secutions    
aga9/ ,*ri/ians4 ,p]ceiv+ ! utility :i* 
a man ( ,saul's "* might be ( to ! p>ty1
 ! apo/les pr(it$ by "s disgu/ he _h    
tak5 to draw him ov] to _! sect4 ,he    
cons5t$ readily conceiv+ t by 8 sup]ior 
tal5ts he might easily succe$ 9 mak+    
himself ! head ( a p>ty1 to :i* he also 
knew ! means ( r5d]+ himself necess>y4  
,he pret5d$1 !re=e1 t 8 conv]sion 0 !   
effect ( a miracle1 & t ,god himself _h 
call$ him4 ,he 0 baptis$ at ,damascus1  
jo9$ ! apo/les at ,j]usalem1 0 admitt$ a

 memb] ( _! college1 & soon gave !m     
pro(s ( 8 tal5ts4 ,he comm5c$ prea*+    
,jesus & 8 resurrection1 & labor$ 9 ga9+
 s\ls4 ,8 vehem5t zeal hurri$ him1 )\t  
fe> or hesitation1 into qu>rels ) !     
prie/s1 always indignant at ! conduct ( 
! apo/les2 b 8 p]secutions r5d]$ him    
de>] to 8 p>ty1 ( :i* he became f t "t !
 prime mov]4  ,(t5 maltreat$ by ! ,jews1
 ,paul conjectur$ t x w\ld be b5eficial 
n to conf9e himself to !m1 b t conque/s 
might be made among ! hea!n4 ,he no d\bt
 knew t mank9d resemble ea* o!r 9 all   
sup]/itions2 t !y are e :]e curi\s ab\t 
! m>vell\s2 susceptible ( fanaticism1   
lov]s ( novelties1 & easily deceiv$4 ,he
 !re=e1 sometimes prea*$ to ,jews1 &    
sometimes to ,g5tiles1 among :om he     
succe$$ 9 enli/+ a consid]able numb] (  
recruits4  ,jesus1 born 9 ! bosom (     
,judaism1 & kn[+ ! atta*m5t ( 8         
fell[-citiz5s to ! law ( ,moses1 _h     
always op5ly decl>$1 t he 0 come to     
accompli%1 & n to de/roy x4 ,8 fir/     
apo/les 7 ,jews1 & %[$ mu* atta*m5t to !

 rites ( _! religion4 ,!y 7 displeas$ t 
,paul _! bro!r w\ld n subject 8 ,g5tile 
proselytes to ,judaical usuages4 ,fill$ 
) views m va/ ?an ^? ent]ta9$ by ! o!r  
apo/les1 he did n wi% to disgu/ 8 new   
conv]ts ) inconv5i5t c]emonies1 su* z   
circumcision & ab/95ce f c]ta9 meats4 ,!
 bett] to atta9 8 ends1 he neglect$ ^!  
usuages1 :i* he consid]$ z trifles1 :ile
 8 bre?r5 reg>d$ !m z mo/ ess5tial4 ,!  
fir/ proselytes or ! apo/les z we h     
said1 7 call$ ,naz>5es or ,ebionites1 :o
 believ$ 9 ,jesus )\t =sak+ ! law (     
,moses4 ,!y ( c\rse reg>d$ ,paul z an   
h]etic or apo/ate4 ,?is fact1 atte/$ by 
,orig51 ,eusebius1 & ,epiphanius1 is    
important 9 giv+ u a di/9ct idea (      
primitive ,*ri/ianity1 :i* we see divid$
 into two sects almo/ z soon z ,paul _h 
embrac$ x4 ,?is new apo/le v soon inde$ 
sep>at$ f 8 bre?r5 to prea* a doctr9e   
diff]5t f !irs1 & op5ly und]m9$ !       
,judaism :i* ,pet]1 ,james1 & ! o!r     
heads ( ! *ur* p]si/$ 9 respect+4 ,b z  
,paul 0 successful among ! ,g5tiles1 8  

p>ty prevail$3 ,judaism 0 entirely      
proscrib$1 & ,*ri/ianity became q a new 
religion1 ( :i* ,judaism _h be5 only !  
figure4 ,?us ,paul :olly *ang$ !        
religi\s sy/em ( ,jesus1 :o _h m]ely    
propos$ to re=m ,judaism4 ,! pr9cipal   
apo/les foll[$ ! conduct ( _! ma/]1 &   
%[$ !mselves mu* atta*$ to ! law &      
usages ( _! fa!rs4 ,paul not)/&+ _!     
prote/ations1 took a diff]5t c\rse2 he  
display$ a contempt or indiff]5ce = !   
legal ord9ances1 to :i* ?r\gh policy1   
h[ev]1 he sometimes subject$ himself4   
,?us we f9d he circumcis$ ,timo?y1 &    
p]=m$ ,jewi% c]emonies 9 ! temple (     
,j]usalem4  ,n cont5t ) decry+ ! law (  
,moses1 ,paul1 by 8 own confession1     
prea*$ a gospel ( 8 own4 ,he says       
positively1 9 8 epi/le to ! ,galatians1 
,t ! gospel :i* ,i prea* is n aft] m51 &
 t he _h receiv$ x by a p>ticul>        
revelation ( ,jesus4 ,he speaks likewise
 ( 8 qu>rels ) ! o!r heads ( ! sect2 b 8
 disciple ,luke passes ov] ^! v slightly
 9 ! ,acts1 :i* are mu* m ! ,acts (     

,paul ?an ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 ,x      
appe>s evid5t1 t he embroil$ himself ) 8
 bre?r51 ! p>tisans ( ! circumcision1 & 
! f\nd]s ( ! ,naz>5es or ,ebionites1 :o 
_h a gospel diff]5t f t ( ,paul1 z !y   
comb9$ ! law ( ,jesus ) t ( ,moses4     
,ir5aeus1 ,ju/91 ,epiphanius1 ,eusebius1
 ,!odoret1 & ,augu/9e1 agree 9 tell+ u1 
t ^! ,ebionites1 or conv]t$ ,jews1      
reg>d$ ,jesus z a m]e man1 son ( ,joseph
 & ,m>y1 to :om !y gave ! "n ( ,son (   
,god only on acc\nt ( 8 virtues4 ,f ?is 
x is evid5t1 t x 0 ,paul :o deifi$      
,jesus & aboli%$ ,judaism4 ,! ,paulites1
 become ! /ronge/1 prevail$ ov] !       
,ebionites1 or disciples ( ! apo/les1 & 
reg>d$ !m z h]etics4 ,h5ce we see t x is
 ! religion ( ,paul1 & n ( ,jesus1 :i*  
at pres5t subsi/s4  ,?is alt]cation (   
,paul & ! apo/les ( ,jesus produc$ a    
real s*ism4 ,paul left ! prea*+ ( !     
,judaical gospel or circumcision to 8   
bre?r5 :il/ he prea*$ 8 own 9 ,asia     
,m9or & 9 ,greece1 sometimes to !       
,hell5i/ic ,jews1 :om he f\nd e/abli%$  

!re1 & sometimes to ! idolatr\s ,greeks1
 ^: language1 ?\gh unkn[n to ! o!r      
apo/les1 ,paul 0 acqua9t$ )4 ,! success 
( 8 mission f> surpass$ t ( 8 bre?r52 & 
if we ref] to ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 we  
%all p]ceive 9 ?is new prea*] an        
activity1 a w>m?1 a vehem5ce1 & an      
en?usiasm well adapt$ to communicate    
itself4 ,! mission>ies he =m$1 spread 8 
doctr9e to a great di/ance4 ,! gospel ( 
! apo/le ( ! g5tiles prevail$ ov] !     
gospel ( ! ,judaiz+ apo/les2 & 9 a %ort 
"t !re 7 a great numb] ( ,*ri/ians 9 all
 ! prov9ces ( ! ,roman empire4  ,to a   
mis]able p1 cru%$ by tyrants &          
oppressors ( e k9d1 ! pr9ciples ( ! new 
sect _h p[]ful attractions4 ,its maxims1
 :i* t5d$ to introduce equality & a     
community ( goods1 7 calculat$ to entice
 ! un=tunate4 ,its promises flatt]$     
mis]able fanatics1 to :om 0 ann\nc$ !   
end ( a p]v]se _w1 ! approa*+ arrival ( 
,jesus1 & a k+dom :]e9 abundance &      
happ9ess w\ld reign4 ,to be admitt$ !re1
 !y m]ely requir$ ( ! proselytes to     

believe 9 ,jesus & be baptiz$4 ,z = !   
au/]e maxims ( ! sect1 !y 7 n ( a nature
 to disgu/ mis]ables1 accu/om$ to       
suff]+1 & ! want ( ! conv5i5ces ( life4 
,its dogmas1 few 9 ! beg9n+1 7 readily  
adopt$ by ignorant m51 fond ( wond]s1   
:om _! own my?ology dispos$ to receive !
 fables ( ,*ri/ians4 ,besides1 _! own   
prie/s wr\ght miracles1 :i* r5d]$ ^?    
said to h be5 p]=m$ by ,jesus no way    
improbable 9 _! e/imation4 ,diff]5t     
mission>ies1 9 emulation ( "o ano!r     
compos$ romances or hi/ories ( ,jesus 9 
:i* !y relat$ a numb] ( prodigies       
calculat$ to make _! h]o be rev]$1 & to 
int]e/ ! v5]ation ( ! fai?ful4 ,9 ?is   
mann] ! diff]5t collections1 kn[n by !  
"n ( ,gospels1 7 fram$1 :]e91 along ) v 
simple facts :i* might h really occurr$1
 we f9d num]\s /atem5ts t appe> cr$ible 
only to en?usia/s & fools4 ,^! hi/ories1
 compos$ f traditions by diff]5t h&s1 & 
by au?ors ( v diff]5t *>act]s1 are n 9  
h>mony4 ,h5ce ! want ( con=mity 9 !     
relations ( our evangeli/s1 :i* has be5 

frequ5tly notic$ 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w4    
,!re 71 z we h be=e rem>k$1 a va/ numb] 
( gospels 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*2 & out 
( ^! ! c\ncil ( ,nice *ose only f\r1 to 
:i* !y gave ! div9e sanction4  ,we %all 
n "h exam9e :e!r ^! gospels really      
belong to ! au?ors to :om !y are        
ascrib$4 ,! op9ion :i* attributes !m to 
to _! putative writ]s1 might h be5 f\nd$
 at fir/ on "s tradition1 true or false1
 :i* exi/$ 9 ! "t ( ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 or
 :i* ! fa!rs ( t c\ncil _h an int]e/ 9  
sanction+4 ,x is difficult to p]suade   
ourselves )\t fai?1 t ! gospel ( ,john1 
fill$ ) ,platonic notions c\ld be       
compos$ by ! son ( ,zeb$ee2 by a poor   
fi%]man1 :o1 p]haps1 incapable ( writ+1 
& ev5 read+1 c\ld n be acqua9t$ ) !     
philosophy ( ,plato4 ,f ! comm5cem5t (  
*ri/ianity !re h be5 _m :o h d5i$ !     
au!nticity ( ! gospels4 ,m>cias accus$  
!m ( be+ fill$ ) falsehoods4 ,! ,alloges
 & ,!odocians reject$ ! gospel ( ,john1 
:i* !y reg>d$ z a tissue ( lies4 ,augu/9
 says1 t he f\nd 9 ! ,platoni/s ! :ole  

beg9n+ ( ! gospel ( ,john4 ,orig5 bel[  
in=ms u1 t ,celsus reproa*$ ,jesus )    
hav+ tak5 f ,plato 8 f9e/ maxims1 &     
among o!rs ! "o :i* says1 t x is m easy 
= a camel to g ?r\gh ! eye ( a ne$le1   
?an = a ri* man to be sav$4  ,:atev]    
op9ion may be =m$ z to ?is1 we f9d !    
my/ical & m>vell\s philosophy ( ,plato  
introduc$ v e>ly into ,*ri/ianity1 :i*  
agre$ 9 sev]al respects ) ! t5ets held  
by ! foll[]s ( t em95t philosoph]2 :ile 
8 p]plex$ philosophy mu/ also h easily  
amalgamat$ ) ! pr9ciples ( ! new sect4  
,?is 0 ! s\rce ( ,spirituality1 ,tr9ity1
 & ! ,logos1 or ,^w1 besides a multitude
 ( magical & !urgical c]emonies1 :i* 9 !
 h&s ( ! prie/s ( ,*ri/ianity h become  
my/]ies or sacram5ts4 ,on read+         
,porphyry1 ,jambli*us1 & p>ticul>ly     
,plot9us1 we are surpris$ to he> !m     
speak+ s frequ5tly 9 ! same /yle z our  
!ologi/s4 ,^! m>ks ( resemblance drew   
sev]al ,platoni/s ov] to ! fai?1 :o     
figur$ among ! doctors ( ! *ur*4 ,( ?is 
numb] 7 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,ir5aeus1  

,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 ,orig51 c4 ,platonism may 
inde$ be reg>d$ z ! s\rce ( ! pr9cipal  
dogmas & my/]ies ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 
,^? :o d\bt ! tru? ( ?is ass]tion h only
 to read ! works ( ! disciples ( ,plato1
 :o 7 all sup]/iti\s p]sons & ,!urgi/s1 
^: ideas 7 analog\s to ^? ( ,*ri/ians4  
,we f9d1 inde$1 ^! writ+s fill$ )       
receipts to make ! gods & good g5ii     
desc5d1 & to drive away ! bad4          
,t]tullian reproa*es ! h]etics ( 8 "t ) 
hav+ w&]$ a/ray 9 ord] to introduce     
,platonism1 ,/oicism1 & ,dialects into  
,*ri/ianity4 ,x 0 evid5tly ! mixture ( !
 un9telligible doctr9e ( ,plato1 ) !    
,dialectics ( ,ari/otle1 :i* r5d]$      
!ology s s5seless1 disputable1 & fraught
 ) subtleties4 ,! c>d9al ,pallavic9i    
ackn[l$ges1 t )\t ,ari/otle ! ,*ri/ians 
w\ld h want$ a great numb] ( articles ( 
fai?4  ,! au/]e & fanatical lives (     
,*ri/ians mu/ also h favorably dispos$ a
 great numb] ( ,/oics1 :o 7 accu/om$ to 
make a m]it ( despis+ objects desirable 
to o!r m51 depriv+ !mselves ( ! com=ts (

 life1 & brav+ affliction & dea?4 ,we   
accord+ly f9d among ! e>ly ,*ri/ians a  
great numb] ( en?usia/s t9ctur$ ) ^!    
maxims4 ,?is fanatical way ( ?9k+ 0     
necess>y to console ! fir/ ,*ri/ians 9 !
 mid/ ( p]secutions :i* !y suff]$ at    
fir/ f ! ,jews1 & !reaft] f ! emp]ors & 
gr&ees1 incit$ by ! hea!n prie/s4 ,!    
latt]1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! prie/hood 
9 all c\ntries1 made w> on a sect :i*   
attack$ _! ,gods1 & m5ac$ _! temples ) a
 g5]al des]tion4 ,! univ]se 0 we>y ( !  
impo/ures & exactions ( ^! prie/s1 _!   
co/ly sacrifices & ly+ oracles4 ,_!     
knav]ies _h be5 frequ5tly unveil$1 & !  
new religion t5d]$ to mank9d a wor%ip   
less exp5sive &1 :i*1 )\t be+ address$ s
 mu* to ! eyes z ! wor%ip ( idols1 0    
bett] adapt$ ?an its rival to seize !   
imag9ation1 & to excite en?usiasm4      
,*ri/ianity 0 moreov] flatt]+ &         
consolatory to ! wret*$1 :ile x plac$   
all m5 on ! same level1 & ?us humbl$ !  
ri*1 x 0 ann\nc$ z de/9$ = ! poor ?r\gh 
pref]5ce4 ,among ! ,romans1 slaves 7 9  

"s measure exclud$ f religion2 & x might
 h be5 said t ! gods did n conc]n       
!mselves ) ! homage ( ^! degrad$ be+s4  
,! poor1 besides1 _h n :]e) to satisfy !
 rapacity ( ,pagan prie/s1 :o1 l ours1  
did no?+ )\t money4 ,?us slaves &       
mis]able p]sons mu/ h be5 /rongly atta*$
 to a sy/em1 :i* taught t all m5 are    
equal 9 ! eyes ( ! ,div9ity1 & t !      
wret*$ h bett] "r to ! favors ( a suff]+
 & contemn$ ,god ?an ^? :o are          
temporally happy4 ,! prie/s ( ,paganism 
became uneasy at ! rapid progress ( !   
sect4 ,! gov]nm5t 0 al>m$ at ! cl&e/9e  
assemblies :i* ! ,*ri/ians held4 ,!y 7  
believ$ to be ! enemies ( ! emp]ors1    
because !y refus$ to (f] sacrifices to !
 gods ( ! c\ntry = _! prosp]ity4 ,ev5 ! 
p1 ev] zeal\s1 believ$ !m enemies ( _!  
gods because !y w\ld n jo9 9 _! wor%ip4 
,!y treat$ ! ,*ri/ians z ,a!i/s & impi\s
 p]sons1 because !y did n conceive :at  
c\ld be ! objects ( _! adoration2 &     
because !y took (f5ce at ! my/]ies1 :i* 
!y saw !m celebrat+ 9 ! greate/ secrecy4

 ,! ,*ri/ians1 ?us load$ ) ! public     
hatr$1 v soon became its victims2 !y 7  
p]secut$2 & p]secution1 z x always      
happ5s1 r5d]$ !m m op9iative4 ,en?usiasm
 inflam$ _! s\ls2 !y consid]$ x a glory 
to resi/ ! ef=ts ( tyrants2 !y ev5 w5t s
 f> z to brave _! puni%m5ts1 & conclud$ 
) believ+ t ! greate/ happ9ess 0 to p]i%
 "u _! sev]ities4 ,9 ?is !y flatt]$     
!mselves ) resembl+ ! ,son ( ,god1 & 7  
p]suad$1 t by dy+ = 8 cause !y 7 c]ta9 (
 reign+ ) him 9 heav54  ,9 consequ5ce ( 
^! fanatical ideas1 s flatt]+ to vanity1
 m>tyrdom became an object ( ambition to
 ,*ri/ians4 ,indep5d5t ( ! heav5ly      
rew>ds1 :i* !y believ$ assur$ to ^? :o  
suff]$ ) con/ancy1 & p]i%$ = religion1  
!y saw !m e/eem$1 rev]$1 & c>efully     
att5d$ to dur+ _! lives1 :ile honors    
almo/ div9e 7 decre$ !m aft] dea?4 ,on !
 contr>y1 ^? ( ! ,*ri/ian community :o  
_h ! weakness to %r9k f tortures1 &     
r5\nce _! religion1 7 sc(f$ at1 despis$1
 & reg>d$ z infam\s4 ,s _m circum/ances 
comb9$ contribut$ to w>m ! imag9ations (

 ! fai?ful1 already suffici5tly agitat$ 
by notions ( ! approa*+ end ( ! _w1 !   
com+ ( ,jesus1 & 8 happy reign4 ,!y     
submitt$ *e]fully to puni%m5t1 & glori$ 
9 _! *a9s3 !y c\rt$ m>tyrdom z a favor1 
& (t51 ?r\gh a bl9d zeal1 provok$ ! rage
 ( _! p]secutors4 ,! magi/rates1 by _!  
proscriptions & tortures1 caus$ !       
en?usiasm ( ! ,*ri/ians to k9dle m & m4 
,_! c\rage 0 besides support$ by ! heads
 ( _! sect1 :o con/antly display$ !     
heav5s op5+ to ! h]oes :o cons5t$ to    
suff] & p]i% = _! cause1 :i* !y took c>e
 to make ! poor fanatics reg>d z ! cause
 ( ,god himself4 ,a m>tyr1 at all times1
 is m]ely ! victim ( ! en?usia/ic or    
knavi% prie/ :o has be5 able to s$uce   
him4  ,m5 are always disgu/$ ) ^? :o use
 viol5ce2 !y conclude t !y are wrong1 & 
t ^? aga9/ :om !y commit viol5ce h      
reason on _! side4 ,p]secution w always 
make p>tisans to ! cause p]secut$2 & ^? 
to :i* we allude1 t5d$ ! m to confirm   
,*ri/ians 9 _! religion4 ,! spectators (
 _! suff]+s 7 int]e/$ = !m4 ,!y 7 curi\s

 to "k ! pr9ciples ( a sect :i* drew on 
itself su* cruel treatm5t1 & infus$ into
 its adh]5ts a c\rage believ$ to be     
sup]natural4 ,!y imag9$ t su* a religion
 c\ld be no o!r ?an ! "w ( ,god2 its    
p>tisans appe>$ extraord9>y m51 & _!    
en?usiasm became contagi\s4 ,viol5ce    
s]v$ only to spread x ! m1 &1 accord+ to
 ! language ( a ,*ri/ian doctor1 ! blood
 ( ! m>tyrs became ! se$ ( ! *ur*4  ,!  
cl]gy w\ld fa9 make ! propagation (     
,*ri/ianity pass = a miracle ( div9e    
omnipot5ce2 :ile x 0 ow+ solely to      
natural causes inh]5t 9 ! human m9d1 :i*
 always adh]es /r5u\sly to its own way (
 ?9k+2 h>d5s itself aga9/ viol5ce2      
applauds itself = its p]t9acity2 admires
 c\rage 9 o!rs2 feels an int]e/ = ^? :o 
display x2 & suff]s itself to be ga9$ by
 _! en?usiasm4 ,! le>n$ ,dodwell has    
writt5 two copi\s diss]tations on !     
m>tyrs3 ! "o to prove t !y 7 n s num]\s 
z is commonly imag9$2 & ! o!r to        
demon/rate t _! con/ancy orig9at$ 9     
natural causes4 ,! fr5zy ( m>tyrdom 0 9 

fact an epidemical disease among ! fir/ 
,*ri/ians1 to :i* _! spiritual          
physicians 7 oblig$ to apply rem$ies1 z 
^! wret*$ be+s 7 guilty ( suicide4 ,_m (
 ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 says ,fleury1   
in/ead ( fly+ z ! gospel directs1 n only
 ran volunt>ily to execution1 b provok$ 
_! judges to d !m t favor4 ,"u ,trajan1 
all ! ,*ri/ians 9 a city ( ,asia came 9 
a body to ! proconsul1 & (f]$ !mselves  
to ! slaught]1 :i* made him cry1 ,o6 ye 
unhappy p1 if ye h a m9d to die1 h ye n 
halt]s & precipices en\gh to end y\r    
lives1 b ye mu/ come "h = execution]s4  
,m>cus ,anton9us sev]ely reflect$ on !  
ob/9acy ( ! ,*ri/ians 9 ?us runn+       
headlong to dea?2 & ,cyprian labor$ h>d 
to com=t ^? :o 7 s unhappy z to escape !
 cr[n ( m>tyrdom4 ,ev5 ! enemies (      
,julian1 call$ ! apo/ate by fanatics1   
admit t ! ,*ri/ians ( 8 "t did e ?+ !y  
c\ld to provoke t emp]or to put !m to   
dea?4 ,dr4 ,hickes1 a celebrat$         
prote/ant div9e1 says t ! ,*ri/ians 7 n 
illegally p]secut$ by ,julian4 ,pride1  

vanity1 prejudice1 love1 patriotism1 &  
ev5 vice itself1 produce m>tyrs--a      
contempt ( e k9d ( dang]4 ,is x !n      
surpris+ t en?usiasm & fanaticism1 !    
/ronge/ ( passions1 h s (t5 enabl$ m5 to
 face ! greate/ dang]s & despise dea?8  
,besides1 if ,*ri/ians c boa/ a         
catalogue ( m>tyrs1 ,jews c d ! same4 ,!
 un=tunate ,jews1 condemn$ to ! flames  
by ! inquisition1 7 m>tyrs to _!        
religion2 & _! =titude proves z mu* 9 _!
 favor z t ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,if m>tyrs    
demon/rate ! tru? ( a religion or sect1 
:]e are we to look = ! true "o8  ,x is  
?us obvi\s t ! ob/9acy ( ! m>tyrs1 f> f 
be+ a sign ( ! div9e protection or ( !  
goodness ( _! cause1 0 ! effect (       
bl9dness1 occasion$ by ! reit]at$       
lessons ( _! fanatical or deceitful     
prie/s4 ,:at conduct m extravagant ?an t
 ( a sov]eign able & )\t effusion (     
blood to ext5d 8 p[]1 :o %\ld pref] to d
 x by ! massacre ( ! mo/ fai?ful ( 8    
subjects8 ,is x n annihilat+ ! div9e    
wisdom & goodness to ass]t1 t a ,god to 

:om e ?+ is possible1 among s _m ways   
:i* he c\ld h *os5 to e/abli% 8         
religion1 wi%$ to foll[ t only ( mak+   
its de>e/ fri5ds fall a sacrifice to !  
fury ( its cruelle/ enemies8 ,su* are ! 
notions :i* ,*ri/ianity pres5ts2 & x is 
easy to p]ceive t !y are ! necess>y     
consequ5ces ( a fundam5tal absurdity on 
:i* t religion is e/abli%$4 ,x ma9ta9s1 
t a j ,god _h no wi% to r$eem guilty m51
 ?an by mak+ 8 de> innoc5t son be put to
 dea?4 ,accord+ to su* pr9ciples1 x c   
excite no surprise t s unreasonable a   
,god %\ld wi% to conv]t ! hea!n1 8      
enemies1 by ! murd] ( ,*ri/ians1 8      
*ildr54 ,?\gh ^! absurdities are        
believ$1 su* z d n possess ! holy       
bl9dness ( fai? _c compreh5d :y ! ,son (
 ,god1 hav+ already %$ 8 blood = !      
r$emption ( m51 0 n a suffici5t         
sacrifice8 & :y1 to effect ! conv]sion (
 ! _w1 !re 0 /ill a necessity = ! blood 
( an imm5se numb] ( m>tyrs1 ^: m]its mu/
 h be5 und\bt$ly mu* less ?an ^? (      
,jesus8 ,to resolve ^! difficulties1    

!ologians ref] u to ! et]nal decrees1 ! 
wisdom ( :i* we are n p]mitt$ to        
criticise4 ,?is is s5d+ u f> back inde$2
 yet not)/&+ ! solidity ( ! answ]1 !    
incr$ul\s p]si/ 9 say+1 t _! limit$     
und]/&+s c nei!r f9d ju/ice1 nor wisdom1
 nor goodness1 9 et]nal decrees :i* c\ld
 9 s prepo/]\s a mann] effect !         
salvation ( ! human race4  ,p]secutions 
7 n ! only means by :i* ,*ri/ianity 0   
propagat$4 ,! prea*]s1 zeal\s = !       
salvation ( s\ls1 or r desir\s to ext5d 
_! own p[] ov] ! m9ds ( m51 & /r5g!n _! 
p>ty1 inh]it$ f ! ,jews ! passion ( mak+
 proselytes4 ,?is passion suit$         
presumptu\s fanatics1 :o 7 p]suad$1 t !y
 alone possess$ ! div9e favor4 ,x 0     
unkn[n to ! hea!n1 :o p]mitt$ e "o to   
adore 8 gods1 provid+ t 8 wor%ip did n  
di/urb ! public tranquillity4 ,prompt$  
by zeal1 ! ,*ri/ian mission>ies1 not)/&+
 p]secutions & dang]s1 spread !mselves )
 an ard\r unp>allel$ :]ev] !y c\ld      
p5etrate1 9 ord] to conv]t idolators &  
br+ back /ray$ %eep to ! fold ( ,jesus4 

,?is activity m]it$ ! recomp5se ( great 
success4 ,m51 :om _! idolatr\s prie/s   
neglect$1 7 flatt]$ at be+ c\rt$1 &     
becom+ ! objects ( ! c>es ( ^? :o1 ?r\gh
 pure dis9t]e/$ness1 came f af>1 & ?r\gh
 ! greate/ p]ils to br+ !m consolation4 
,!y li/5$ fav\rably to !m2 !y %ew$      
k9dness to m5 s oblig+1 & 7 en*ant$ ) _!
 doctr9e4 ,_m adopt$ _! lessons2 plac$  
!mselves "u _! guidance1 & soon became  
p]suad$ t _! ,god & dogmas 7 sup]ior to 
^? :i* _h prec$$ !m4  ,?us by degrees1 &
 )\t a miracle1 ,*ri/ianity plant$      
colonies1 m or less consid]able1 9 e "p 
( ! ,roman empire4 ,!y 7 direct$1 &     
gov]n$ by inspectors1 ov]se]s1 or       
bi%ops1 :o1 9 spite ( ! dang]s ) :i* !y 
7 m5ac$1 labor$ ob/9ately1 & )\t        
int]mission 9 augm5t+ ! numb] ( _!      
disciples t is1 ( slaves devot$ to _!   
holy w4 ,empire ov] op9ions 0 always !  
mo/ unb\nd$4 ,z no?+ has great] p[] ov] 
! m9ds ( ! vulg> ?an religion1 ,*ri/ians
 e :]e display$ an unlimit$ submission  
to _! spiritual sov]eign1 on ^: laws !y 

believ$ _! et]nal happ9ess dep5d$4 ,?us 
our mission>ies1 conv]t$ into bi%ops1   
ex]cis$ a spiritual magi/racy & sacr$   
jurisdiction1 :i* 9 ! end plac$ !m n    
only above o!r prie/s1 b made !m        
respect$ by1 & necess>y to1 ! temporal  
p[]4 ,pr9ces h always employ$ religion &
 its m9i/]s 9 cru%+ ! p1 & keep+ !m "u !
 yoke4 ,impo/ures & delusions are ( no  
use to sov]eigns :o gov]n1 b !y are v   
useful to ^? :o tyrannize4     ,,*apt]  
,,xviii4  ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,*ri/ianity ,,f 
,,con/ant9e ,,to ,,! ,,pres5t ,,"t4     
,at ! end ( ?ree c5turies we f9d        
,*ri/ianity1 advanc$ by all ^! means1   
become a =midable p>ty 9 ! ,roman       
empire4 ,! sov]eign p[] ackn[l$g$ !     
impossibility ( /ifl+ x2 & ,*ri/ians1   
scatt]$ 9 great numb]s ?r\gh all !      
prov9ces1 =m$ an impos+ comb9ation4     
,ambiti\s *iefs incessantly wre/$ f "o  
ano!r ! "r ( reign+ ov] ! wrecks ( an   
enslav$ republic3 ea* s\ght to encrease 
8 own /r5g?1 & acquire an advantage ov] 
8 rivals4 ,x 0 9 ^! circum/ances t      

,con/ant9e1 to /r5g!n himself fir/ aga9/
 ,max5tius1 & !reaft] aga9/ ,lic9ius1   
?\ght x 8 int]e/1 by a /roke ( policy1  
to draw ov] all ! ,*ri/ians to 8 p>ty4  
,= ?is purpose he op5ly favor$ !m1 &    
!reby re9=c$ 8 army ) all ! soldi]s ( t 
num]\s sect4 ,9 gratitude = ! advantages
 !y procur$ him1 he conclud$ ) embrac+  
_! religion1 n[ become s p[]ful4 ,he    
honor$1 di/+ui%$1 & enri*$ ! ,*ri/ian   
bi%ops1 well assur$ ( atta*+ !m to      
himself by 8 lib]ality to _! pa/ors & ! 
favor he %ew$ !m4 ,aid$ by _! succors1  
he flatt]$ himself ) ! disposal ( !     
flock4  ,by ?is political revolution1 s 
favorable to ! cl]gy1 ! ba%ful *iefs ( !
 ,*ri/ians1 :o hi!rto _h reign$ only 9  
secret & )\t eclat1 sprung out ( ! du/1 
& became m5 ( importance4 ,second$ by a 
despotical emp]or1 ^: int]e/s 7 l9k$ )  
!irs1 !y soon us$ _! influ5ce to av5ge  
_! injuries1 & return to _! enemies1 )  
usury1 ! evils :i* !y _h receiv$4 ,!    
unexpect$ *ange 9 ! =tune ( ! ,*ri/ians 
made !m =get ! mild & tol]at+ maxims (  

_! legislator4 ,!y conceiv$1 t ^!       
maxims1 made = wret*es de/itute ( p[]1  
c\ld no long] suit m5 support$ by       
sov]eigns2 !y attack$ ! temples & gods (
 paganism2 _! wor%ip]s 7 exclud$ f      
places ( tru/1 & ! ma/] lavi%$ 8 favors 
on ^? only :o cons5t$ to ?9k l him1 &   
ju/ify 8 *ange by imitat+ x4 ,?us1 )\t  
any miracle1 ! c\rt became ,*ri/ian1 or 
at lea/ feign$ to be s1 & ! desc5dants (
 hypocritical c\rti]s 7 ,*ri/ians 9     
reality4  ,ev5 be=e ! "t ( ,con/ant9e1  
,*ri/ianity _h be5 r5t by disputes1     
h]esies1 s*isms1 & animosities betwe5 ! 
,*ri/ian *iefs4 ,! adh]5ts ( ! diff]5t  
doctors _h revil$1 ana!matis$1 &        
maltreat$ ea* o!r )\t _! qu>rels mak+   
any noise4 ,! subtleties ( ,grecian     
metaphysics introduc$ into ! ,*ri/ian   
religion1 _h hat*$ an inf9ity (         
disputes1 :i* _h n hi!rto be5 att5d$ )  
any rem>kable occurr5ce4 ,all ^! qu>rels
 bur/ =? 9 ! reign ( ,con/ant9e4 ,!     
bi%ops & *ampions ( diff]5t p>ties      
caball$ to draw ov] ! emp]or to _! side1

 & ?us aid !m 9 cru%+ _! adv]s>ies4 ,at 
! same "t a consid]able p>ty "u ! prie/ 
,arius1 d5i$ ! div9ity ( ,jesus4 ,little
 v]s$ 9 ! pr9ciples ( ! religion t p>ty 
_h embrac$1 b wi%+ to decide ! "q1      
,con/ant9e ref]r$ x to ! judgm5t ( !    
bi%ops4 ,he conv5$ !m 9 ! city ( ,nice1 
& ! plurality ( suffrages regulat$      
def9itively ! symbol ( fai?--,jesus     
became a ,god consub/antial ) 8 fa!r2 ! 
,holy ,gho/ 0 likewise a ,god1 proce$+ f
 ! two o!rs2 f9ally1 ^! ?ree ,gods      
comb9$ made only "o ,god6  ,tumultu\s   
clamors c>ri$ ?is un9telligible         
decision1 & conv]t$ x into a sacr$ dogma
 not)/&+ ! reclamations ( oppon5ts1 :o 7
 sil5c$ by d5\nc+ !m blasphem]s &       
h]etics4 ,! prie/s :o _h ! /ronge/      
lungs1 decl>$ !mselves or?odox4 ,!      
emp]or1 little acqua9t$ ) ! nature ( !  
qu>rel1 rang$ himself = ! "t on _! side1
 & quitt$ x aft]w>ds accord+ z he ?\ght 
prop] to l5d an e> sometimes to ! bi%ops
 ( "o p>ty1 & sometimes to ^? ( ano!r4  
,! hi/ory ( ! *ur* in=ms u1 t           

,con/ant9e1 :om we "h see adh]+ to !    
decision ( ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 made !     
or?odox & ! h]etics alt]nately exp]i5ce 
8 sev]ities4  ,aft] _m ye>s1 & ev5 ages 
( disputes1 ! bi%ops ( ,*ri/5dom h agre$
 9 reg>d+ ,jesus z a true ,god4 ,!y felt
 t x 0 important = !m to h a ,god = _!  
f\nd]1 z ?is c\ld n fail to r5d] _! own 
claims m respect$4 ,!y ma9ta9$1 t _!    
au?ority 0 d]iv$ f ! apo/les1 :o held   
!irs directly f ,*ri/2 t is1 f ,god     
himself4 ,x w\ld n[-a-days be crim9al to
 d\bt ! tru? ( ?is op9ion1 ?\gh _m      
,*ri/ians are n yet conv9c$ ( x1 &      
v5ture to appeal to ! decision ( !      
univ]sal *ur*4 ,except ! ,engli%1 all   
,prote/ant ,*ri/ians reject ,episcopacy1
 & reg>d x z an usurp$ p[]4 ,among !    
,ca?olics1 ! ,jans5i/s ?9k ! same1 :i*  
is ! true cause ( ! enmity ! ,pope &    
,bi%ops display aga9/ !m4 ,x appe>s ,/4 
,j]ome 01 on ?is po9t1 ( ! op9ion ( !   
,jans5i/s4 ,yet we see ,paul at fir/ mu*
 occupi$ 9 advanc+ ! ,episcopal dignity4
 ,ignatius ( ,antio*1 disciple ( !      

apo/les1 ins9uates 9 8 epi/les1 ! high  
op9ion :i* ! ,*ri/ians ought to h ( a   
bi%op2 & ! v anci5t au?or ( ! ,apo/olic 
,con/itutions1 op5ly decl>es1 t a bi%op 
is a ,god on e>?1 de/9$ to rule ov] all 
m51 prie/s1 k+s1 & magi/rates4 ,?\gh ^! 
,con/itutions are reput$ ,apocryphal1 ! 
bi%ops h con=m$ _! conduct to !m m ?an  
to ! canonical gospel1 :]e9 ,jesus1 f> f
 assign+ pr]ogatives to bi%ops1 decl>es1
 t 9 8 k+dom !re w be nei!r fir/ nor    
la/4  ,! bi%ops assembl$ at ,nice1      
decid$ also1 z we h relat$1 on !        
au!nticity ( ! gospels & books orda9$ to
 s]ve z a rule to ,*ri/ians4 ,x is !n to
 ^! doctors1 z has be5 already rem>k$1 t
 ,*ri/ians owe _! fai?2 :i*1 h[ev]1 0   
aft]w>ds frequ5tly %ak5 by disputes1    
h]esies1 & w>s1 & ev5 by assemblies (   
bi%ops1 :o (t5 annull$ :at o!r          
assemblies ( bi%ops _h decre$ 9 ! mo/   
solemn mann]4 ,f ,con/ant9e to our "t1 !
 int]e/ ( ! heads ( ! *ur* dictat$ e    
decree1 & e/abli%$ doctr9es :olly unkn[n
 to ! f\nd]s ( _! religion4 ,! univ]se  

became ! ar5a ( ! passions1 ! disputes1 
intrigues1 & cruelties ( ^! holy        
gladiators1 :o treat$ ea* o!r ) ! utmo/ 
b>b>ity4 ,k+s1 unit$ 9 int]e/ )         
spiritual *iefs1 or bl9d$ by !m1 ?\ght  
!mselves at all times oblig$ to p>take (
 _! fury4 ,pr9ces seem$ to hold ! sword 
= ! sole purpose ( cutt+ ! ?roats (     
victims po9t$ out by ! prie/s4 ,^! bl9d$
 rul]s believ$ !y s]v$ ,god1 or promote 
! welf>e ( _! k+doms by esp\s+ all !    
passions ( ! prie/s :o 7 become ! mo/   
arrogant1 ! mo/ v9dictive1 ! mo/        
covet\s1 & ! mo/ flagiti\s ( m54  ,we   
%all n ent] into a detail ( all !       
qu>rels :i* ! ,*ri/ian religion has     
produc$4 ,we %all m]ely obs]ve1 t !y 7  
cont9ual1 & h frequ5tly be5 att5d$ )    
consequ5ces s deplorable t nations h _h 
reason m ?an a hundr$ times e c5tury to 
regret ! peaceful paganism1 & tol]at+   
idolatry ( _! ance/ors4 ,! gospel1 or ! 
glad tid+s1 con/antly gave ! signal = ! 
commission ( crimes4 ,! ,cross 0 !      
,bann] "u :i* madm5 assembl$ to glut !  

e>? ) blood4 ,! w ( heav5 0 und]/ood by 
nobody3 & ! cl]gy disput$ )\t end on !  
mann] ( expla9+ oracles1 :i* ! ,deity _h
 himself come to reveal to mortals4 ,x 0
 always indisp5sable to take a side 9 ! 
mo/ un9telligible qu>rels3 neutrality 0 
reg>d$ z impiety4 ,! p>ty = :i* ! pr9ce 
decl>$1 0 always or?odox1 & on t acc\nt1
 believ$ x _h a "r to ext]m9ate all     
o!rs3 ! or?odox 9 ! *ur* 7 ^? :o _h !   
p[] to exile1 imprison1 & de/roy _!     
adv]s>ies4 ,lucif] ,cal>itanus1 a mo/   
or?odox bi%op1 9 sev]al disc\rses       
address$ to ! son ( ,con/ant9e1 did n   
scruple to tell ! emp]or himself t x 0 !
 duty ( ! or?odox to kill ,con/antius on
 acc\nt ( 8 ,arianism1 :i* he call$     
,idolatry2 & = ?is he quot$ ,deut4 xiii4
 #f41 & ,i ,maccab4 i4 #dc1 to v4 #bi ( 
c4 ii4  ,! bi%ops1 :om ! puissance ( an 
emp]or _h rais$ f ! du/1 soon became    
rebelli\s subjects2 &1 "u pret5ce (     
ma9ta9+ _! spiritual p[]1 lab\r$ to be  
indep5d5t ( ! sov]eign1 & ev5 ! laws (  
society4 ,!y ma9ta9$ t pr9ces !mselves1 

be+ subjects ( ,*ri/1 ought to be       
subject$ to ! jurisdiction ( 8          
repres5tatives on e>?4 ,?us ! pret5d$   
successors ( "s fi%]m5 ( ,judea1 :om    
,con/ant9e _h rais$ f obscurity arrogat$
 to !mselves ! "r ( reign+ ov] k+s2 & 9 
?is way ! k+dom ( heav5 s]v$ to conqu] !
 k+doms ( ! e>?4  ,hi!rto ! ,*ri/ians _h
 be5 gov]n$ by bi%ops or *iefs indep5d5t
 ( ea* o!r1 & p]fectly equal z to       
jurisdiction4 ,?is made ! *ur* an       
ari/ocratical republic2 b its gov]nm5t  
soon became mon>*ial1 & ev5 despotical4 
,! respect :i* 0 always ent]ta9$ = ,rome
 ! capital ( ! _w1 seem$ to give a k9d (
 sup]iority to ! bi%op or spiritual head
 ( ! ,*ri/ians e/abli%$ !re4 ,8 bre?r51 
!re=e frequ5tly %[$ a def]5ce to him1 & 
occasionally consult$ him4 ,no?+ m 0    
want+ to ! ambition ( ! bi%ops ( ,rome1 
to advance ! "r !y arrogat$ ( dictat+ to
 _! bre?r51 & to decl>e !mselves !      
mon>*s ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,a v          
apocryphal tradition _h made ,pet]      
travel to ,rome1 & _h also made ?is *ief

 ( ! apo/les e/abli% 8 see 9 t city4 ,! 
,roman bi%op !re=e1 pret5d$ to h succe$$
 to ! rights ( ,simon ,pet]1 to :om     
,jesus 9 ! gospel _h entru/$ m          
p>ticul>ly ! c>e ( fe$+ 8 %eep4 ,he     
accord+ly assum$ ! pomp\s titles (      
,successor ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ,univ]sal       
,bi%op1 & ,vic> ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x is   
true1 ^! titles 7 (t5 conte/$ ) him by !
 ori5tal bi%ops1 too pr\d to b[ "u !    
yoke ( _! bro!r4 ,b by degrees1 ?r\gh   
artifice1 intrigue1 & frequ5tly viol5ce1
 ^? :o enjoy$ ! ,see ( ,rome1 &         
prosecut+ _! project ) ardor1 succe$$ 9 
gett+ !mselves ackn[l$g$ 9 ! we/ z !    
heads ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4  ,pliant &     
submissive at fir/ to sov]eigns1 ^: p[] 
!y dread$1 !y soon m\nt$ on _! %\ld]s2 &
 trampl$ !m "u _! feet :5 !y 7 c]ta9 (  
_! p[] ov] ! m9ds ( devotees r5d]$      
frantic by sup]/ition4 ,!n inde$ !y ?rew
 (f ! mask1 gave to nations ! signal (  
revolt1 incit$ ,*ri/ians to _! mutual   
de/ruction1 & precipitat$ k+s f _!      
?rones4 ,to support _! pride1 !y %$     

oceans ( blood3 !y made weak pr9ces !   
vile sport ( _! passions1 sometimes _!  
victims & sometimes _! execution]s4     
,sov]eigns1 become _! vassals1 execut$ )
 fe> & trembl+ ! decrees ,heav5 pron\nc$
 aga9/ ! enemies ( ! holy see :i* _h    
creat$ itself ! arbit] ( fai?4 ,9 fact1 
^! inhuman pontiffs immolat$ to _! ,god 
a ?\s& times m human victims ?an        
paganism _h sacrific$ to all its        
div9ities4  ,aft] hav+ succe$$ 9 subdu+ 
! bi%ops1 ! head ( ! *ur*1 ) a view to  
e/abli% & pres]ve 8 empire inundat$ !   
/ates ( ! pr9ces atta*$ to ! sect ) a   
multitude ( sabalt]n prie/s & monks1 :o 
act$ z 8 spies1 8 emiss>ies1 & ! organs 
:i* he employ$ 9 mak+ kn[n 8 w at a     
di/ance4 ,?us nations 7 delug$ ) m5     
useless or dang]\s4 ,"s1 "u pretext (   
atta9+ ,*ri/ian p]fection1 a/oni%$ !    
vulg> ) a frantic life1 d5i$ !mselves ! 
pleasures ( exi/5ce1 r5\nc$ ! _w1 &     
langui%$ 9 ! recesses ( a cloi/] await+ 
! dea? :i* _! disagreeable pursuits mu/ 
h r5d]$ desirable4 ,!y imag9$ to please 

,god by occupy+ !mselves solely )       
pray]s1 & /]ile & extravagant           
m$itations2 ?us r5d]+ !mselves ! victims
 ( a de/ructive fanaticism4 ,^!1 fools1 
:om ,*ri/ianity e/eems1 may be consid]$ 
z ! victims & m>tyrs ( ! high] cl]gy1 :o
 take c>e nev] to imitate !m4  ,few     
h[ev] felt !mselves incl9$ to aspire to 
?is sublime p]fection4 ,mo/ ( ! monks1 m
 indulg5t1 7 cont5t ) r5\nc+ ! _w1      
vegetat+ 9 solitude1 langui%+ 9 slo?1 & 
liv+ 9 absolute idl5ess at ! exp5ce (   
nations :o toil4 ,if "s among !m 7      
devot$ to /udy1 x 0 only ) ! va9        
subtleties ( an un9telligible !ology    
calculat$ to incite di/urbances 9       
society4 ,o!rs m active spread !mselves 
ov] ! globe2 &1 "u pret5ce ( prea*+ !   
gospel1 prea*$ up !mselves1 ! int]e/s ( 
! cl]gy1 & especially ! submission due  
to ! ,roman pontiff1 :o 0 always _! true
 sov]eign4 ,^! emiss>ies1 inde$1 nev] _h
 any o!r c\ntry ?an ! *ur*1 any o!r ma/]
 ?an its head1 or any o!r int]e/ ?an t (
 di/urb+ ! /ate1 9 ord] to advance !    

div9e rights ( ! cl]gy4 ,fai?ful 9      
foll[+ ! example ( ,jesus1 !y br\ght !  
sword1 s[$ discord1 & k9dl$ w>s1        
s$itions1 p]secutions1 & crusades4 ,!y  
s\nd$ ! tocs9 ( revolt aga9/ all pr9ces 
:o 7 disagreeable or rebelli\s to !     
haughty tyrant ( ! *ur*2 !y frequ5tly   
employ$ ! sacrific+ knife ( fanaticism1 
& plung$ x 9 ! he>ts ( k+s2 &1 to make !
 cause ( ,god prosp]1 !y ju/ifi$ ! mo/  
horrible crimes1 & ?rew ! :ole e>? into 
con/]nation4  ,su*1 especially 9 latt]  
times1 7 ! maxims & conduct ( an ord] ( 
monks1 :o1 pret5d+ to walk 9 ! foot/eps 
( ,jesus1 assum$ ! "n ( 8 ,society4     
,solely & bl9dly devot$ to ! int]e/s ( !
 ,roman pontiff1 !y seem$ to h come into
 ! _w = ! purpose ( br++ ! univ]se "u 8 
*a9s4 ,!y corrupt$ ! y\?1 ! education ( 
:om !y wi%$ exclusively to engross2 !y  
/rove to re/ore b>b>ism1 kn[+ well t    
want ( k is ! greate/ prop ( sup]/ition2
 !y extoll$ ignorance & bl9d submission2
 !y deprav$ morals = :i* !y sub/itut$   
va9 usages & sup]/itions1 compatible ) e

 vice1 & calculat$ to suppress ! remorse
 :i* crime occasions4 ,!y prea*$ up     
slav]y & unb\nd$ submission to pr9ces1  
:o !mselves 7 _! slaves1 & :o cons5t$ to
 become ! in/rum5ts ( _! v5geance4 ,!y  
prea*$ rebellion & regicide aga9/ !     
pr9ces :o refus$ to b5d "u ! odi\s yoke 
( ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet]1 :om !y _h !  
effront]y to decl>e infallible1 & ^:    
decisions !y pref]r$ above ^? ( !       
univ]sal *ur*4 ,by _! assi/ance ! pope  
became n only ! despot1 b ev5 ! true    
,god ( ! ,*ri/ians4  ,!re 7 "s h[ev]1 :o
 v5tur$ to prote/ aga9/ ! viol5ces1     
extortions1 & usurpations ( ?is         
spiritual tyrant4 ,!re 7 sov]eigns :o   
v5tur$ to /ruggle ) him2 b 9 times (    
ignorance1 ! conte/ is always unequal   
betwe5 ! temporal & spiritual p[]4 ,at  
la/ prea*]s discont5t$ ) ! ,roman       
pontiff1 op5$ ! eyes ( _m2 !y prea*$    
re=mation1 & de/roy$ "s abuses & dogmas 
:i* appe>$ to !m t ! mo/ disgu/+4 ,"s   
pr9ces seiz$ ?is opportunity to break ! 
*a9s :]e) !y _h be5 s long oppress$4    

,)\t r5\nc+ ,*ri/ianity1 :i* !y always  
reg>d$ z a div9e religion1 !y r5\nc$    
,romi% ,*ri/ianity1 :i* !y consid]$ a   
sup]/ition corrupt$ ?r\gh ! av>ice1     
influ5ce1 & passions ( ! cl]gy4 ,cont5t 
) m]ely lop+ (f "s bran*es ( a poison$  
tree1 :i* its bitt] fruits %\ld h       
discov]$1 our re=m]s did n p]ceive t ev5
 ! pr9ciples ( a religion1 f\nd$ on     
fanaticism & impo/ure1 mu/ ( necessity  
produce fanatics & knaves4 ,!y did n    
obs]ve1 t religion1 :i* pret5ds to enjoy
 exclusively ! approbation ( ! ,mo/     
,high1 mu/ be f its ess5ce arrogant &   
pr\d1 & become at la/ tyrannical1       
intol]ant1 & sangu9>y4 ,!y did n p]ceive
 t ! mania ( proselytism1 ! pret5d$ zeal
 = ! salvation ( s\ls1 ! passion ( !    
prie/s = dom9ion ov] consci5ces1 mu/1   
soon] or lat]1 create deva/ation4       
,*ri/ianity re=m$1 pret5d+ to resemble !
 pure ,*ri/ianity ( ! fir/ days ( !     
*ur*1 produc$ fi]y prea*]s1 p]sons      
illum9at$1 & public inc5di>ies1 :o "u   
pret5ce ( e/abli%+ ! k+dom ( ,*ri/      

excit$ endless tr\bles1 massacres1 &    
revolts4 ,*ri/ian ,pr9ces ( e sect ?\ght
 !mselves oblig$ to support ! decisions 
( _! doctors4 ,!y reg>d$ z infallible   
op9ions :i* !y !mselves _h adopt$2 !y   
en=c$ !m by fire & sword2 & 7 e :]e 9   
conf$]acy ) _! prie/s to make w> on all 
:o did n ?9k l !m4  ,we see1 especially1
 ! intol]ant & p]secut+ _s reign+ 9     
c\ntries :i* cont9ue subject to ! ,roman
 pontiff4 ,x 0 !re t prie/s1 nurtur$ 9 !
 maxims ( a spiritual despotism1 d>$ )  
mo/ insol5ce to tyrannize ov] m9ds4 ,!y 
_h ! effront]y to ma9ta91 t ! pr9ce c\ld
 n )\t impiety disp5se ) ent]+ into _!  
qu>rels1 %>e _! fr5zy1 & %$ ! blood ( _!
 enemies4 ,contr>y to ! express ord]s ( 
,jesus1 ! emiss>ies ( 8 vic> prea*$     
op5ly 9 8 "n p]secution1 rev5ge1 hatr$1 
& massacre4 ,_! clamors impos$ on       
sov]eigns2 & ! lea/ cr$ul\s trembl$ at  
sight ( _! p[]1 :i* !y d>$ n curb4 ,a   
sup]/iti\s & c[>dly policy made !m      
believe1 t x 0 ! int]e/ ( ! ?rone to    
unite itself = ev] ) ^! inhuman &       

boi/]\s madm54 ,?us pr9ces1 submissive  
to ! cl]gy1 & mak+ common cause ) !m1   
became ! m9i/]s ( _! v5geance1 & !      
executors ( _! w4 ,^! bl9d rul]s 7      
oblig$ to support a p[] ! rival ( _!    
own2 b !y did n p]ceive1 t !y injur$ _! 
own au?ority by deliv]+ up _! subjects  
to ! tyranny & extortions ( a sw>m ( m51
 ^: int]e/ x 0 to plunge !m into        
ignorance1 incite _! fanaticism1 control
 _! m9ds1 dom9e] ov] _! consci5ces1 make
 !m fit in/rum5ts to s]ve _! pride1     
av>ice1 & rev5ge4 ,by ?is wor?less      
policy1 ! lib]ty ( ?9k+ 0 proscrib$ )   
fury1 activity 0 repress$1 sci5ce 0     
puni%$1 & indu/ry cru%$1 :ile morals 7  
neglect$1 & _! place suppli$ by         
traditional obs]vances4 ,nations        
vegetat$ 9 inactivity2 m5 cultivat$ only
 mona/ic virtues1 griev\s to !mselves & 
useless to society4 ,!y _h no o!r       
impulse ?an :at _! fanaticism af=d$1 &  
no o!r sci5ce ?an an obscure j>gon (    
!ology4 ,_! und]/&+s 7 con/antly occupi$
 ) pu]ile disputes on my/]i\s           

subtleties1 unwor?y ( rational be+s4 ,^?
 futile occupations engross$ ! att5tion 
( ! mo/ pr(\nd g5ius1 ^: labors w\ld h  
be5 useful if !y _h be5 direct$ to      
objects really int]e/+4  ,"u ! despotism
 ( prie/craft1 nations 7 impov]i%$ to   
fo/]1 9 abundance1 9 luxury1 & (t5 9    
drunk5ness1 legions ( monks1 prie/s1 &  
pontiffs1 f :om !y d]iv$ no real b5efit4
 ,"u pret5ce ( support+ ! int]cessors ) 
,god1 !y ri*ly end[$ a multitude (      
drones1 ^: pray]s & rev]ies procur$ only
 mis]y & diss5sions4 ,education1 entru/$
 ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom1 to base or ignorant 
prie/s1 =m$ sup]/iti\s p]sons only1     
de/itute ( ! qualities necess>y to make 
useful citiz5s4 ,! in/ructions !y gave  
to ,*ri/ians 7 conf9$ to dogmas &       
my/]ies :i* !y c\ld nev] compreh5d2 !y  
incessantly prea*$ evangelical morality2
 b t sublime morality :i* all ! _w      
applauds1 & :i* s few practise1 because 
x is compatible ) ! nature & wants (    
man1 did n re/ra9 ! passions1 or *eck _!
 irregul>ities4 ,:5 t ,/oical morality 0

 attempt$ to be practis$1 x 0 only by   
imbecile fanatics or fi]y en?usia/s1 :om
 ! ard\r ( _! zeal r5d]$ dang]\s to     
society4 ,! sa9ts ( ,*ri/ianity 7 ei!r !
 mo/ useless or mo/ flagiti\s ( m54     
,pr9ces1 ! great1 ! ri*1 & ev5 ! heads (
 ! *ur*1 consid]$ !mselves excus$ f !   
lit]al practice ( precepts & c\nsels1   
:i* a ,god himself _h come to           
communicate4 ,!y left ,*ri/ian p]fection
 to "s mis]able monks1 = :om alone x    
seem$ orig9ally de/9$4 ,complaisant     
guides smoo!d = o!rs ! to ,p>adise1 &1  
)\t bridl+ ! passions1 p]suad$ _!       
vot>ies t x 0 suffici5t to come at /at$ 
times to confess _! faults to !m1 humble
 !mselves at _! feet1 und]go ! p5ances &
 c]emonies :i* !y %\ld impose1 &        
especially make donations to ! *ur*1 9  
ord] to obta9 f ,god remission ( !      
outrages !y committ$ on 8 creatures4 ,by
 ^! means1 9 mo/ ,*ri/ian c\ntries1 p & 
pr9ces op5ly unit$ devotion ) ! mo/     
hide\s depravity ( mann]s1 & (t5 ) !    
blacke/ crimes4 ,!re 7 dev\t tyrants &  

adult]]s1 oppressors & iniquit\s m9i/]s1
 c\rti]s )\t morals1 & public           
depr$ators--all v dev\t4 ,!re 7 knaves (
 e k9d display+ ! greate/ zeal = a      
religion1 ! m9i/]s ( :i* impos$ easy    
expiations ev5 on ^? :o violat$ its mo/ 
express precepts4 ,?us1 by ! c>es ( !   
spiritual guides ( ,*ri/ians1 concord 0 
bani%$ f /ates2 pr9ces sunk into        
bondage2 ! p 7 bl9d$2 sci5ce 0 /ifl$2   
nations 7 impov]i%$2 true morality 0    
unkn[n2 & ! mo/ dev\t ,*ri/ians 7 devoid
 ( ^? tal5ts & virtues :i* are          
indisp5sably necess>y = ! support (     
society4  ,su* are ! imm5se advantages  
:i* ! religion ( ,jesus has procur$ to !
 _w6 ,su* are ! effects we see result+ f
 ! gospel1 or ! glad tid+s :i* ! ,son ( 
,god came 9 p]son to ann\nce6 ,to judge 
( x by its fruits2 t is1 accord+ to !   
rule :i* ! messiah himself has giv51 !  
incr$ul\s f9d t ,*ri/ianity 0           
allegorically repres5t$ by ! fig tree   
accurs$4 ,b ^? :o h fai? assure u1 t 9 !
 o!r _w ?is tree w produce delici\s     

fruits4 ,we mu/ !re=e wait = !m 9       
pati5ce1 = e ?+ ev9ces t ! great b5efits
 promis$ by ?is religion are v little   
p]ceptible 9 ! pres5t _w4  ,!re are1    
h[ev]1 "s :o c>ry incr$ulity s f> z to  
?9k1 t if !re exi/s a ,god really jeal\s
 ( 8 rights1 he w conf] no rew>d on ^?  
:o are s impi\s z to associate ) him a  
man1 a ,jew1 & a ,*>latan2 & to pay him 
honors :i* are due only to ! div9ity4   
,inde$1 9 suppos+ t ,god is (f5d$ ) !   
actions ( 8 creatures1 & conc]ns himself
 ) _! behavi\r1 he mu/ be irritat$ at ! 
odi\s conduct ( _m ,*ri/ians1 :o1 "u    
pret5ce ( devotion & zeal1 believe      
!mselves p]mitt$ to violate ! mo/ sacr$ 
duties ( nature ( :i* !y make ! ,deity !
 au?or4  ,x is1 add our unbeliev]s1 v   
difficult to calculate ! duration (     
human extravagancies2 b !y flatt]       
!mselves t ! reign ( falsehood & error w
 t]m9ate at "s p]iod1 & give place to   
reason & tru?4 ,!y hope1 ! nations & _! 
*iefs w "o day p]ceive ! dang] result+ f
 _! prejudices2 t !y w blu% at hav+     

pro/itut$ _! praises on objects des]v+  
sov]eign contempt2 t !y w regret ! blood
 & treasure :i* baneful fables & rev]ies
 h co/ !m2 & t !y w be at la/ a%am$ (   
hav+ be5 ! dupes & victims ( a mass (   
romances1 de/itute ( probability1 at    
nev] possess+ a m solid f\ndation ?an ! 
a/oni%+ cr$ulity ( m51 & ! a/oni%+      
impud5ce ( ^? :o prea* !m4 ,^!          
unbeliev]s v5ture at lea/ a glimpse at a
 "t :5 m51 become m s5sible ( _! own    
int]e/1 w ackn[l$ge ! truly b>b>\s folly
 ( hat+ & torm5t+ !mselves1 & cutt+ "o  
ano!r's ?roats = obscure dogmas1 pu]ile 
op9ions1 & c]emonially unwor?y (        
rational be+s1 & on :i* x is impossible 
to be ev] unanim\s4 ,!y ev5 h ! tem]ity 
to ma9ta91 t x is v possible sov]eigns &
 subjects may "o day loa! a religion    
burd5some to ! p1 & produc+ real        
advantages only to ! prie/s ( a begg>ly 
& crucifi$ ,god4 ,!y ?9k1 t ! pr(ane    
laity1 if undeceiv$1 c\ld easily br+ _! 
prie/s back to ! frugal life ( ! apo/les
 or ( ,jesus :om !y ought to reg>d z a  

model at lea/1 ^! unbeliev]s imag9e t ! 
m9i/]s ( ! ,god ( peace w\ld be oblig$  
to live m peaceably1 & foll[ "s         
occupation m hone/ ?an t ( deceiv+1 &   
te>+ to pieces ! society :i* fo/]s !m4  
,if x is dem&$ ( u :at c be sub/itut$ = 
a religion :i* at all times has produc$ 
effects p]nici\s to ! happ9ess ( ! human
 race1 we w bid m5 cultivate ! reason1  
:i*1 mu* bett] ?an absurd & deceptive   
sy/ems1 w advance _! welf>e1 & make !m  
s5sible to ! value ( virtue4 ,f9ally1 we
 w tell !m ) ,t]tullian1 ,:y pa9        
y\rselves 9 seek+ = a div9e law1 :5 y h 
t :i* is common to mank9d1 & engrav5 on 
! tablets ( ,,nature4