,,universal ,,classics ,,library ,,illustrated ,,with ,,photogravures ,,on ,,japan ,,vellum1 ,,etchings ,,hand ,,painted ,,india-,,plate ,,reproductions1 ,,and ,,full ,,page ,,portraits ,,of ,,authors4 ,m ,,walter ,,dunne1 ,,publisher ,,new ,,york ,,london ,,copyright1 #aijc1 ,,by ,m4 ,,walter ,,dunne2 ,,publisher ,illustration3 ,,the ,,tomb ,,of ,,omar ,from an old painting by an unknown artist ,,the ,,sufistic ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,in ,,definitive ,,form ,,including ,,the ,,translations ,,of ,,edward ,,fitzgerald 7#aja quatrains7 ,with ,edward ,heron-,allen's ,analysis ,e4,h4 ,,whinfield 7#ejj quatrains7 ,j4,b4 ,,nicolas 7#dfd quatrains7 ,,with ,,prefaces ,,by ,,each ,,translator ,,and ,a ,,general ,,introduction ,,dealing ,,with ,,omar',s ,,place ,,in ,,sufism1 ,,by ,,robert ,,arnot1 ,m4,a4 ,author of ,the ,vine in ,symbolism ,m4 ,,walter ,,dunne1 ,,publisher1 ,,new ,,york ,,london ,,copyright1 #aijc1 ,,by ,m4 ,,walter ,,dunne1 ,,publisher ,,illustrations ,,facing ,,page ,,the ,,tomb ,,of ,,omar ,frontispiece ,from an old painting by an unknown artist4 ,,the ,,approach ,,to ,,naishapur #ajj ,from a painting by ,i4,r4 ,herbert4 ,,sufi ,,mystics ,,gathered ,,for ,,meditation #baj ,from an old painting by a ,pushtu artist4 ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,,page ,,general ,,introduction xi ,,introduction ,,to ,,the ,,first ,,edition ,,of ,,edward ,,fitzgerald',s ,,translation ,,of ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam #a ,,the ,,complete ,,fitzgerald ,,first ,,edition #ac ,kuza-,nama #be ,notes #bi ,,an ,,analysis ,,of ,,edward ,,fitzgerald',s ,,translation 7,,fifth ,,edition71 ,,by ,,edward ,,heron-,,allen #ce ,preface #cg ,explanation of ,references #db ,analysis of ,edward ,fitzgerald's ,quatrains #dd ,appendix #ajg ,,variations ,,between ,,the ,,second1 ,,third ,,and ,,fourth ,,editions ,,of ,,fitzgerald',s ,,translation #aae ,stanzas ,which ,appear in the ,second ,edition ,only #abb ,,comparative ,,table ,,of ,,stanzas ,,in ,,the ,,four ,,editions ,,of ,,fitzgerald #abd ,note #abg ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,translated ,,by ,e4,h4 ,,whinfield1 ,m4,a4 #abi ,introduction #aca ,note #aci ,e4,h4 ,,whinfield ,,translation #ada ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,translated ,,into ,,prose ,,from ,,the ,,french ,,version ,,of ,,monsieur ,j4,b4 ,,nicolas #bfg ,preface #bfi ,,translation ,,of ,,the ,,nicolas ,,text #bgi ,,general ,,introduction ,the earliest reference to ,omar ,khayyam dates from the middle of the seventh century of the ,hijra4#a ,mohammad ,shahrazuri1 author of a little-used history of learned men1 bearing the title of ,nazhet-ul-,arwah1 devotes to ,khayyam the following passage3 ',omar ,al-,khayyami was a ,nishapuri by birth and extraction4 ,he may be regarded as the successor of ,abu ',ali 7,avicenna7 in the various branches of philosophic learning2 but he was a man of reserved character and disliked entertaining 7sayyik al-'atan74 ,while he was in ,ispahan he perused a certain book seven times and then he knew it by heart4 ,on his return to ,nishapur he dictated it from memory and on comparing it with the original copy1 it was found that the difference between them was but slight4 ,he was averse both to composition and to teaching4 ,he is the author of a handbook on natural science1 and of two pamphlets1 one entitled ',al-,wujud' 7or ',real ,existence'7 and the other ',al-,kawn w'al ,taklif4'#b ,he was learned in the law1 in classical ,arabic1 and in history4 ,one day ,al-,khayyami went to see the ,vezir1 ,abd-ur-,razzak1 the ,chief of the ,koran ,readers4 ,abu-l-,hasan ,al-,ghazzali was with this latter at the time1 and the two were discussing the disagreement of the ,koran ,readers in regard to a certain verse4 ,as ,omar entered the ,vezir said1 ',here we have the authority1' and proceeded to ask ,al-,khayyami for his opinion on the matter4 ',omar enumerated the various readings of the ,readers1 and explained the grounds 7'ilal7 for each one4 ,he also mentioned the exceptional readings and the arguments in favor of each1 and expressed his preference for one view in particular4 ,al-,ghazzali then said3 ',may ,god add such men as thee to the number of the learned6 ,of a truth1 ,i did not think any one of the ,koran ,readers knew the readings by heart to this extent--much less one of the secular philosophers4' ,as for the sciences1 he had mastered both mathematics and philosophy4 ,one day 'the ,proof of ,islam'1 ,al-,ghazzali1 came to see him and asked him how it came that one could distinguish one of the parts of the sphere which revolve on the axis from the rest1 although the sphere was similar in all its parts4 ,al-,khayyami pronounced his views1 beginning with a certain category2 but he refrained from entering deeply into the discussion--and such was the wont of this respected ,sheykh4 ,their conversation was interrupted by the call to mid-day prayer1 whereupon ,al-,ghazzali said1 ',truth has come in1 and lying has gone out4' ',omar arose and went to visit ,sultan ,sanjar4 ,the latter was at the time a mere child1 and was suffering from an attack of smallpox4 ,when he came away the ,vezir asked him1 ',how did you find the child1 and what did you prescribe for him8' ',omar answered1 ',the child is in a most precarious state4' ,an ,ethiopian slave reported this saying to the ,sultan1 and when the ,sultan recovered he became inimical to ',omar and did not like him4 ,melik-,shah treated him as a boon companion2 and ,shams-ul-,mulk honored him greatly1 and made him sit beside him on his throne4 ,it is related that ',omar was one day picking his teeth with a toothpick of gold1 and was studying the chapter on metaphysics from ,avicenna's ',book of ,healing4' ,when he reached the section on ',the ,one and the ,many' he placed the toothpick between the two leaves1 arose1 performed his prayers and made his last injunctions4 ,he neither ate nor drank anything that day2 and when he performed the last evening prayer1 he bowed himself to the ground and said as he bowed3 ',oh1 ,god6 verily ,i have known ,thee to the extent of my power3 forgive me1 therefore4 ,verily my knowledge of ,thee is my recommendation to ,thee4' ,and so saying1 he died2 may ,god have pity on him6 ,we may look upon ,omar as a deeply learned man1 following his own convictions1 who1 tortured with the question of existence1 and finding no solution to life in ,musulman dogmas1 worked out for himself a regular conception of life based on ,sufistic ,mysticism2 a man who1 without discarding belief1 smiled ironically at the inconsistencies and peculiarities of the ,islam of his time1 which left many minds dissatisfied in the fourth and fifth centuries1 needing as it did vivification4 ,it found this in the person of ,ghazzali1 who in this movement assigned the proper place to the ,mystic element4 ,omar was a preacher of moral purity and of a contemplative life2 one who loved his ,god and struggled to master the eternal1 the good1 and the beautiful4 ,in this manner also is ,omar portrayed in the various early biographical notices3 a defender of ,greek ,science1 famous for his knowledge of the ,koran and the ,law1 and at the same time a stinging serpent to the dogmatic2 a wit and a mocker1 a bitter and implacable enemy of all hypocrisy2 a man who1 while curing others of the wounds of worldly triviality1 impurity1 and sinful vanity1 himself only with almost his last breath closed the philosophic book on ,healing and turned with a touching prayer to the ,one ,god1 the ,infinite1 whom he had been striving to comprehend with all the strength of his mind and heart4 ,khayyam's lively protests and his heated words in freedom's cause brought upon him many bitter moments in his life and exposed him to numerous attacks at the hands of the mullahs1 especially those of the ,shiite community4 ,besides these1 then as now 7apart from hypocrites71 persons were not wanting who1 failing to understand ,omar1 regarded him as an unbeliever1 atheist1 and materialist4 ,but in the course of centuries the people of ,persia and ,india1 realizing1 perhaps instinctively1 the injustice of former reproaches1 have taken to publishing and reading ,omar ,khayyam in collections side by side with ,abu-,said1 ,abd-,allah ,ansari1 and ,attar--that is to say1 with ,sufi ,mystics of the purest water1 men whose moral and religious reputations were spotless4 ,rightly to understand ,omar some knowledge of ,sufism and its tenets is necessary4 ,sufism is a mystical doctrine which had its birth on the ,arabian coast1 and succeeded in implanting itself there to the point of putting a decisive check upon the orthodox philosophy4 ,the etymology of the name is difficult to find4 ,according to some1 it comes from the word suf 7wool1 a woolen garment7 because the first persons to adopt this doctrine clothed themselves in wool4 ,we can give1 as a proof1 in support of this etymology1 the fact that the ,persians call their dervishes ,sufis1 pechmineh pch 7clothed in wool74 ,the name could also come from the ,arabic safou 7purity7 or the ,greek sophia 7wisdom74 ,again1 some ,arabic authors call by the name of ,soufa an ,arabic tribe that separated themselves from the world in the ante-,islamic period1 consecrating themselves to the keeping of the temple of ,mecca4 ,a man who professed the ,mystic principles of tasawouf 7the spiritual life7 they called a ,sufi4 ,the origin of ,musulman ,mysticism is a question entailing some controversy1 for whoever knows the detailed ritual and the dogmatic coldness of the ,koran finds it impossible to reconcile ,islamic dogma with any idea of ,mysticism whatsoever4 ,in vain does one seek to find an example of ,mystical teaching in this aphorism attributed to ,mahomet3 ,it is when he prays that the faithful one is nearest ,god1 as ,islamism holds to a definite separation between the ,divinity and the world1 between the ,creator and the thing created4 ,the religious customs that ,mahomet instituted and the moral action that he taught served only to merit the good-will of the ,divinity2 at the utmost he only believed that he would be permitted to see ,him face to face4 ,whence comes then this ,mystical idea which1 for so many centuries1 has occupied all the minds and absorbed all the intellectual force of the ,musulman world8 ,two different origins can be given for it3 the idea of emanation from and return to the divine essence whence it came--what we call ,neo-platonism4 ,added to this are ,contemplation and ,annihilation1 which come to it through ,persia and the ,vedantic school as intermediaries1 bringing with it ,pantheism1 which made its way late into ,sufism1 and almost solely among the ,persians4 ,also1 it could be said that originally ,sufism owed its principles to the ,alexandrian school4 ,the ,arabs1 who studied and translated the greater part of ,aristotle1 knew ,plato only by name2 but they came under his influence and received his doctrines1 strongly impregnated with the ,mysticism of the ,kabbala1 through the ,alexandrians and especially through ,philon4 ,to annihilate reason1 or at least to subordinate it to feeling2 to attack liberty1 in order to subject the whole of life to love2 and1 furthermore1 the blind abandoning of self--such is the aim of ,sufism1 as it is of all ,mystic philosophy4 ,the doctrine of the ,sufis has been set forth in a great number of treatises1 notably that of ,sohrawdi4 ,god alone exists2 ,he is in everything and everything is in ,him4 ,all beings emanate from ,him1 without being really distinct from ,him4 ,the world exists for all eternity2 the material is only an illusion of the senses4 ,sufism is the true philosophy of ,islamism1 which is the best of religions1 but religions have only a relative importance and serve but to guide us toward the ,reality4 ,god is the author of the acts of the human race2 it is ,he who controls the will of man1 which is not free in its action4 ,like all animals man possesses an original mind1 an animal or living mind1 a mind instinctive1 but he has also a human mind1 breathed into him by ,god1 and of the same character as the original and constructive element itself4 ,the concomitant mind comprehends the original element and the human mind2 it extends itself over the triple domain3 animal1 vegetable1 and mineral4 ,the soul1 which existed before the body1 is confined in the body as in a cage2 death1 then is1 the object of the ,sufi's desires1 since it returns him to the bosom of the ,divinity4 ,this metempsychosis permits the soul which has not fulfilled its destiny here below to be purified and worthy of a re-union with ,god4 ,this spiritual union all can strive for ardently1 but all cannot attain1 because it is a product of the grace of ,god4 ,the ,sufi1 during his sojourn in the body1 is uniquely occupied in meditating upon his unity with ,god 7,wahdanija71 the reminiscence of the names of ,god 7,zikr71 and the progressive advancement in the tarika or journey of life1 up to his unification with ,god4 ,what is the ,sufi journey1 then8 ,human life has been likened to a voyage1 where the traveler is seeking after ,god4 ,the aim of the voyage is to attain to a knowledge of ,god1 for human existence is a period of banishment for the soul1 which cannot return to ,god until it has passed through many successive stages4 ,the natural state of man is called nasout 7humanity72 the disciple should observe the law and conform to all the rites of believers4 ,the other stages are3 the nature of the angels 7malakout71 where one follows the way to purity1 the possession of power 7djabrout71 the degree to which knowledge corresponds 7m'arifa71 and finally1 extinction or absorption in the ,deity1 the degree to which truth corresponds4 ,the voyager agrees to renouncement1 which is of two kinds3 external and internal4 ,the first is the renouncement of riches and worldly honors2 the second is the renouncement of profane desires4 ,and he should especially guard against idolatry1 which for some is the adoration of worldly achievement1 for others a too assiduous practice of praying and fasting4 ,to arrive at this aim1 the voyager has three necessary aids3 attraction 7inddhah71 the act of ,god which draws all men who have that tendency or inclination to ,him2 devotion 7ibda71 continuing the journey by two roads--towards ,god and in ,god1 the first limited1 the second without limit2 finally1 elevation 7ouroudi74 ,but the voyage cannot be accomplished alone2 it is necessary to have a guide or a monitor taken from the second class 7ibda74 ,the believer who1 after having been tlib 7an educated man doubting the reality of ,god7 and mourid 7desirous of following out his quest71 becomes a salik 7traveler71 places himself under the authority of a ,sufi guide who teaches him to serve ,god until1 through divine influence1 he attains to the ichk 7love7 stage4 ,divine love1 removing all mundane desires from his heart1 causes him to arrive at zouhd 7isolation72 he then leads a contemplative life1 passes through the m'arifa degree1 and awaits the direct illumination of wadja 7ecstasy74 ,after having received a revelation of the true nature of ,god 7the hakika stage7 he arrives at the wasl stage 7union with ,god72 he cannot go further2 death alone remains1 by which he will arrive at the final degree1 absorption in the ,divinity4 ,the ,zikr are only various forms of devotion invented by the ,sufi guides to develop the spiritual life4 ,the conduct of the disciple in the presence of his master is determined by rules which differ little from those imposed upon all dervishes4 ,some authors distinguish1 in the ,sufi voyage1 seven stages1 corresponding to the degrees in the celestial sphere1 in order to have the soul received there after death4 ,but1 protest metaphysicians1 the soul cannot return to a determined place1 since it does not come from a determined place4 ,celestial intelligence1 to which corresponds the degree of intelligence reached by man1 will absorb the soul after its separation from the body4 ,the ,sufis attribute a high antiquity to their doctrines4 ,they do not hesitate to refer them to as far back as ,abraham2 they pretend that one of the founders of their sect was own son-in-law to the prophet ,ali1 son of ,abou-,tlib4 ,finally1 there came a pious woman from ,jerusalem1 by the name of ,rabia1 whose words recall the ,christian ,mysticism4 ,the first person to take the name of ,sufi was ,abou-,hachim of ,koufa4 ,the first convent or ,khanakah was founded in ,khorasan by ,abou-,said1 the ,persian1 although the prophet had prohibited monkish life in ,islam4 ,another convent was established at ,ramia1 in ,syria1 and ,saladin founded one in ,egypt4 ,sufism then was divided into two schools3 ,the ,persian ,bestmi 7,a4,d4 #hge7 inclined towards ,pantheism2 ,djonaid1 of ,bagdad1 preached a system reconcilable with ,musulman dogmatism4 ,one of the most celebrated doctors of this school was ,halladj1 burnt alive in ,a4,d4 #ibb4 ,they discoursed upon ,sufism under the ,kalifs ,al-,motazz and ,al-,mohtadi1 and preached it under ,al-,motamid4 ,the principal ,sufi writers are3 ,mohammed ,salami an ,nichabouri 7,a4,d4 #ajba71 ,el-,kochairi 7,a4,d4 #ajgb71 ,ghazli 7,a4,d4 #aaaa71 ,sohrawdi 7,a4,d4 #abcd71 ,ferid-ed-din ,attar 7,a4,d4 #abcj71 ,djami 7,a4,d4 #adib71 and ,ech-,cha'rani 7,a4,d4 #aefe74 ,this ,mysticism1 so sweet and so full of sentiment1 exhales itself in poesy1 and is as much stamped with tenderness and resignation as it is overflowing with sensuality and drunkenness4 ,the best and most illustrious of the ,persian poets are of this sect3 ,djelal-ed-din er-,roumi1 author of the ,mesnewi1 ,djami1 author of ,salaman ou-,absa1 ,ferid-ed-din ,attar1 author of ,mantik-ut-tair2 ,s'adi1 ,hafiz de ,chiraz1 ,bayazid-al-,bestami4 ,just as ,sufis leave the true faith for its semblance1 so they also exchange the external features of all things for the internal 7the corporeal for the spiritual7 and give a spiritual significance to outward forms4 ,they behold objects of a precious nature in their natural character1 and for this reason1 the greater part of their words have a spiritual and visionary meaning4 ,for instance1 when1 like ,omar1 they mention wine1 they mean a knowledge of ,god1 which1 extensively considered1 is the love of ,god4 ,wine1 viewed extensively1 is also love3 love and affection are here the same thing4 ,the wine-shop with them means the murshid i kiamil 7spiritual director71 for his heart is said to be the depository of the love of ,god2 the wine-cup is the telkin 7the pronunciation of the name of ,god in a declaration of faith as3 ,there is no ,god but ,allah71 or it signifies the words which flow from the murshid's mouth respecting divine knowledge1 and which1 heard by the salik 7the ,dervish1 or one who pursues the true path71 intoxicates his soul1 and divests his mind 7of passions7 giving him pure1 spiritual delight4 ,the sweetheart or ,beloved means the preceptor1 because1 when any one sees his beloved he admires her proportions1 with a heart full of love4 ,the ,dervish beholds the secret knowledge of ,god which fills the heart of his spiritual preceptor 7murshid71 and through it receives a similar inspiration1 and acquires a full perception of all that he possesses1 just as the pupil learns from his master4 ,as the lover delights in the presence of his sweetheart1 so the ,dervish rejoices in the company of his beloved preceptor4 ,the sweetheart is the object of a worldly affection2 but the preceptor commands a spiritual attachment4 ,the curls or ringlets of the beloved are the grateful praises of the preceptor1 tending to bind the affections of the ,dervish-pupil2 the moles on her face signify that when the pupil1 at times1 beholds the total absence of all worldly wants on the part of the preceptor1 he also abandons all the desires of both worlds--he1 perhaps1 even goes so far as to desire nothing else in life than his preceptor2 the furrows on the brow of the beloved one1 which they compare to verses of the ,koran1 mean the light of the heart of the murshid3 they are compared to the verses of the ,koran1 because the attributes of ,god1 in accordance with the injunction of the ,prophet3 ,be ye endued with divine qualities1 are possessed by the sheikh 7or murshid74 ,perhaps ,i can do no better than to quote one of the foremost authorities on ,sufism#c in regard to ,omar's teachings4 ,seldom has a poet suffered from his friends and his foes as has ,omar ,khayyam4 ',he has been regarded1' says a writer1 'as a free-thinker1 a subverter of faith2 an atheist and materialist2 a pantheist and a scoffer at ,mysticism2 an orthodox ,musulman2 a true philosopher1 a keen observer1 a man of learning2 a bon vivant1 a profligate1 a dissembler and a hypocrite1 and a blasphemer--nay1 more1 an incarnate negation of positive religion and of all moral beliefs2 a gentle nature1 more given to the contemplation of things divine than worldly enjoyments2 an epicurean sceptic2 the ,persian ,abu-l-,ala1 ,voltaire1 and ,heine in one4' ,the writer has in view the well-known criticisms of ,von ,hammer1 ,renan1 ,ellis1 ,nicolas1 ,garcin de ,tassy1 ,whinfield1 ,aug4 ,muller1 etc4 ,he might have added ,vedder's curious misunderstanding of the ',beloved1' making him a damsel and a playtoy1 and the thousand and one small ideas set forth by ,omarian ,societies4 ,all this criticism is curious because it is so completely out of harmony with the facts of ,omar's life4 ,it is true that no complete1 authentic manuscript of ,omar's is known1 and equally true that no comprehensive biography is known2 but detailed information has come down to us from his contemporaries4 ,from these notes enough can be gathered to show that ,omar was a great man indeed1 one who clearly and forcibly shows the four sides of a perfect character4 ,a perfect character is first and fundamentally powerful4 ,it is based upon the ,one1 be it in idea or in action4 ,next1 it is so simple and direct that all extraneous thoughts and purposes are unknown to it4 ,these two sides condition one another4 ,no power without simplicity and no directness without power4 ,the third side of a great character is love or human feeling2 a fullness that seeks to draw all men to the ,one1 and the fourth and last characteristic is harmony or a welding together into ,one of all these four4 ,the last characteristic is1 of course1 an impossibility where the others do not exist2 nor can the others attain any vividness or fullness without love4 ,a perfect character is rare4 ,we see1 however1 glimpses of it here and there4 ,omar ,khayyam was a type of perfect character4 ,he is full of the ,one2 he knows of nothing but the ,one2 he burns to draw his fellow-men to the ,one2 he belongs nowhere but in the ,one1 in whom he indeed can be said to move1 live1 and have his being4 ,in the ,one he attained ,wholeness1 harmony4 ,omar's philosophy is that of the ,sufis4 ,in that1 too1 he is consistent4 ,the one is ,truth2 ,truth is the reality of things1 ,truth burns to draw men to ,itself2 ,truth is the ,law or ',universe4' ,his method is ,symbolism1 viz43 he chooses the transparencies of ,nature in order to show his hearers how ,truth or ,wisdom and ,love or ,devotion everywhere appear to be the reality behind 'the magic ,shadow-shapes that come and go4' ,his most prominent symbols are ,wine and ,love2 ,roses1 ,springtime1 and ,death4 ,omar's ethics are not those of ,mohammedanism4 ,he advocates ,resignation1 to be sure1 but not ,mohammedan fatalism as popularly understood4 ,his morals spring from his conception of the fullness of the ,one1 and as such they are in harmony with the most universal notions of mankind4 ,in one word1 ,omar's theology1 philosophy1 method1 and morals are ,sufistic1 ,sufism taken in the highest sense as the unifying notion for ,wholeness1 ,love1 ,truth1 and ,power4 ,a study of ,sufism will reveal the real ,omar--hitherto but little known1 if known at all4 99 99 99 99 99 ,no one has attempted1 so far as ,i know1 to classify the various ,sufistic systems4 ,it is not so difficult to do so when a key can be found to them4 ,the best key is that four-foldness which manifests itself in all human character1 endeavor1 and work4 ,corresponding to the four-foldness of character delineated above1 ,i shall now take the terms ,life1 ,love1 ,light1 and ,law and say that ,al-,ghazzali and ,jelaladdin represent the first and1 as a proof1 point to their constant emphasis of will as being the dominant power of existence1 and the prominence they give to moral worth4 ,the type of ,love1 in the form of poetry and feeling1 is represented by ,hafiz and ,jami4 ,the third group is fully and completely filled by ,shabistani1 the author of ',gulshan-i-,raz4' ,it is ,light1 and its form is ,philosophy1 ,truth1 and ,understanding4 ,the last1 the fourth1 sums up in a measure1 the three preceding1 and is also a clearly defined group by itself4 ,it is ,law1 ,order1 ,unity1 and ,reality4 ,there is more independence in it than in any of the others1 because it is the nearest approach known in existence to ,wholeness or ,unity4 ,it contains the opposites of existence1 both cosmic and human1 viz43 the protest of the ,mystic and also his affirmation1 and the new ,hope he represents4 ,omar ,khayyam belongs to this fourth group4 ,i do not say he alone fills it4 ,but he exhibits that ,independence and ,protest which is the first and outward characteristic of it4 ,he is also from time to time soaring into the realms of the ,truth or ,unity1 in a way not found in any other ,sufi poet or doctor4 ,under the garb of the ,mystic's favorite method of ,doubt and ,protest1 the ,sufi 7,omar7 pictures the process of the ,awakening of the ,soul4 ,that is the purpose of the ',magic ,shadow-shapes that come and go' in the ,rubaiyat of ,omar ,khayyam4 ,his pictures are sufficiently transparent for us to see ,the ,reality ,behind4 ,while so much is claimed for ,omar1 it must not be forgotten that it has not been said that he is the only perfect ,sufi4 ,it is not our intention to say or to intimate that4 ,omar is great enough when we attribute to him the office of an ,awakener2 not merely that of a ,john the ,baptist1 but the office of one who is himself full of the ,awakening he preaches4 ,such an one is a unique character1 and is truly an ,at-oner1 one who heals all wounds and binds up broken limbs4 ,i have already stated1 if not in actual words1 at least by inference1 that ,khayyam's philosophical and religious opinions were in certain essential points based upon the teaching of the ,vedantas4 ,he must have been familiar with the general scope of their philosophy1 although attaching himself1 as we have seen1 to the ranks of the ,sufi ,mystics4 ,sufism and ,babism are probably the most widely spread doctrines current in modern ,persia1 and after all are but forms of ,vedantic pantheism despoiled of real significance by the effort to accommodate themselves to the creed of ,islam4 ,we learn from ,el ,kifti that ,khayyam exhorted to the seeking of the ,one1 the ,ruler1 by the purification of bodily movements1 for the cleansing of the human soul1 an unmistakable exposition of ,sufi practices1 although based originally upon the customs of the ,vedantic sages4 ,he certainly did not practice asceticism and other quasi-religious forms1 which had been grafted upon the austere simplicity of the original ,vedantic creed1 but he did inculcate the necessity of acquiring the knowledge of the unity of the soul with ,god--the one thing important--which can only be achieved by the renouncement of desire1 the purification of the soul from the lusts of the world1 and the practice of kindliness1 goodness1 universal sympathy with mankind1 and the patience which brings perfect work4 ,that ,omar was a man of many moods is evident4 ,his poetic faculties1 acted upon by an intelligence that was profound1 and by a wit as cutting as the tulwar of a ,persian soldier1 swayed him hither and thither upon the sea of daily doubts and fears which are part of man's existence4 ,yet1 in his way1 he was a beacon light1 not only in the history of ,sufi ,mysticism1 but in the annals of ,god-seeking4 ,i can find no better yoke-fellow for him than ,luther1 like whom he was indeed an ,apostle of ,protest4 ,robert ,arnot ,,the ,,first ,,edition ,,of ,,edward ,,fitzgerald',s ,,translation ,,of ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,the ,,astronomer-,,poet ,,of ,,persia ,omar ,khayyam was born at ,naishapur in ,khorassan in the latter half of our eleventh1 and died within the first quarter of our twelfth ,century4 ,the slender story of his life is curiously twined about that of two other very considerable figures in their time and country3 one of whom tells the story of all three4 ,this was ,nizam ul ,mulk1 ,vizyr to ,alp ,arslan the son1 and ,malik ,shah the grandson1 of ,toghrul ,beg the ,tartar1 who had wrested ,persia from the feeble successor of ,mahmud the ,great1 and founded that ,seljukian ,dynasty which finally roused ,europe into the ,crusades4 ,this ,nizam ul ,mulk1 in his ,wasiyat--or ,testament--which he wrote and left as a memorial for future statesmen--relates the following1 as quoted in the ,calcutta ,review1 ,no4 lix41 from ,mirkhond's ,history of the ,assassins4 ',one of the greatest of the wise men of ,khorassan was the ,imam ,mowaffak of ,naishapur1 a man highly honoured and reverenced--may ,god rejoice his soul2 his illustrious years exceeded eighty-five1 and it was the universal belief that every boy who read the ,koran or studied the traditions in his presence1 would assuredly attain to honour and happiness4 ,for this cause did my father send me from ,tus to ,naishapur with ,abd-us-samad1 the doctor of law1 that ,i might employ myself in study and learning under the guidance of that illustrious teacher4 ,towards me he ever turned an eye of favour and kindness1 and as his pupil ,i felt for him extreme affection and devotion1 so that ,i passed four years in his service4 ,when ,i first came there1 ,i found two other pupils of mine own age newly arrived1 ,hakim ,omar ,khayyam1 and the ill-fated ,ben ,sabbah4 ,both were endowed with sharpness of wit and the highest natural powers2 and we three formed a close friendship together4 ,when the ,imam rose from his lectures1 they used to join me1 and we repeated to each other the lessons we had heard4 ,now ,omar was a native of ,naishapur1 while ,hasan ,ben ,sabbah's father was one ,ali1 a man of austere life and practice1 but heretical in his creed and doctrine4 ,one day ,hasan said to me and to ,khayyam1 ,it is a universal belief that the pupils of the ,imam ,mowaffak will attain to fortune4 ,now1 even if we all do not attain thereto1 without doubt one of us will1 what then shall be our mutual pledge and bond8 ,we answered1 ,be it what you please4--,well1 he said1 let us make a vow1 that to whomsoever this fortune falls1 he shall share it equally with the rest1 and reserve no pre-eminence for himself4--,be it so1 we both replied1 and on those terms we mutually pledged our words4 ,years rolled on1 and ,i went from ,khorassan to ,transoxiana1 and wandered to ,ghazni and ,cabul2 and when ,i returned1 ,i was invested with office1 and rose to be administrator of affairs during the ,sultanate of ,sultan ,alp ,arslan4' ,he goes on to state1 that years passed by1 and both his old school-friends found him out1 and came and claimed a share in his good fortune1 according to the school-day vow4 ,the ,vizier was generous and kept his word4 ,hasan demanded a place in the government1 which the ,sultan granted at the ,vizier's request2 but1 discontented with a gradual rise1 he plunged into the maze of intrigue of an ,oriental court1 and1 failing in a base attempt to supplant his benefactor1 he was disgraced and fell4 ,after many mishaps and wanderings1 ,hasan became the head of the ,persian sect of the ,ismailians--a party of fanatics who had long murmured in obscurity1 but rose to an evil eminence under the guidance of his strong and evil will4 ,in ,a4,d4 #ajij1 he seized the castle of ,alamut1 in the province of ,rudbar1 which lies in the mountainous tract south of the ,caspian ,sea2 and it was from this mountain home he obtained that evil celebrity among the ,crusaders as the ,,old ,,man ,,of ,,the ,,mountains1 and spread terror through the ,mohammedan world2 and it is yet disputed whether the word ,assassin1 which they have left in the language of modern ,europe as their dark memorial1 is derived from the hashish1 or opiate of hemp-leaves 7the ,indian bhang71 with which they maddened themselves to the sullen pitch of ,oriental desperation1 or from the name of the founder of the dynasty1 whom we have seen in his quiet collegiate days1 at ,naishapur4 ,one of the countless victims of the ,assassin's dagger was ,nizam ul ,mulk himself1 the old school-boy friend4#d ,omar ,khayyam also came to the ,vizier to claim his share2 but not to ask for title or office4 ',the greatest boon you can confer on me1' he said1 'is to let me live in a corner under the shadow of your fortune1 to spread wide1 the advantages of ,science1 and pray for your long life and prosperity4' ,the ,vizier tells us1 that1 when he found ,omar was really sincere in his refusal1 he pressed him no further1 but granted him a yearly pension of #abjj mithkals of gold1 from the treasury of ,naishapur4 ,at ,naishapur thus lived and died ,omar ,khayyam1 'busied1' adds the ,vizier1 'in winning knowledge of every kind1 and especially in ,astronomy1 wherein he attained to a very high pre-eminence4 ,under the ,sultanate of ,malik ,shah he came to ,merv1 and obtained great praise for his proficiency in science1 and the ,sultan showered favours upon him4' ,when ,malik ,shah determined to reform the calendar1 ,omar was one of the eight learned men employed to do it2 the result was the ,jalali era 7so called from ,jalal-ud-din one of the king's names7--'a computation of time1' says ,gibbon1 'which surpasses the ,julian1 and approaches the accuracy of the ,gregorian style4' ,he is also the author of some astronomical tables1 entitled ',ziji-,malik-skahi1' and the ,french have lately republished and translated an ,arabic treatise of his on algebra4 ,his ,takhallus or poetical name 7,khayyam7 signifies a ,tentmaker1 and he is said to have at one time exercised that trade1 perhaps before ,nizam ul ,mulk's generosity raised him to independence4 ,many ,persian poets similarly derive their names from their occupations2 thus we have ,attar1 'a druggist1' ,assar1 'an oil presser1' etc4#e ,omar himself alludes to his name in the following whimsical lines3-- ',khayyam1 who stitched the tents of science1 ,has fallen in grief's furnace and been suddenly burned2 ,the shears of ,fate have cut the tent ropes of his life1 ,and the broker of ,hope has sold him for nothing6' ,we have only one more anecdote to give of his life1 and that relates to the close2 it is told in the anonymous preface which is sometimes prefixed to his poems2 it has been printed in the ,persian in the appendix to ,hyde's ',veterum ,persarum ,religio1' p4 #dii2 and ,d',herbelot alludes to it in his ,bibliothque1 under ,khiam3#f-- ',it is written in the chronicles of the ancients that this ,king of the ,wise1 ,omar ,khayyam1 died at ,naishapur in the year of the ,hegira #eag 7,a4,d4 #aabc72 in science he was unrivalled1--the very paragon of his age4 ,khwajah ,nizami of ,samarcand1 who was one of his pupils1 relates the following story3 ,i often used to hold conversations with my teacher ,omar ,khayyam1 in a garden2 and one day he said to me1 ',my tomb shall be in a spot where the north wind may scatter roses over it4' ,i wondered at the words he spake1 but ,i knew that his were no idle words4#g ,years after1 when ,i chanced to revisit ,naishapur1 ,i went to his final resting-place1 and lo6 it was just outside a garden1 and trees laden with fruit stretched their boughs over the garden wall1 and dropped their flowers upon his tomb1 so that the stone was hidden under them4' ,thus far--without fear of trespass--from the ,calcutta ,review4 ,the writer of it1 on reading in ,india this story of ,omar's grave1 was reminded1 he says1 of ,cicero's account of finding ,archimedes' tomb at ,syracuse1 buried in grass and weeds4 ,i think ,thorwaldsen desired to have roses grow over him2 a wish religiously fulfilled for him to the present day1 ,i believe4 ,however1 to return to ,omar4 ,though the ,sultan shower'd favours upon him1 ,omar's ,epicurean audacity of thought and speech caused him to be regarded askance in his own time and country4 ,he is said to have been especially hated and dreaded by the ,sufis1 whose practice he ridiculed1 and whose faith amounts to little more than his own1 when stript of the ,mysticism and formal recognition of ,islamism under which ,omar would not hide4 ,their poets1 including ,hafiz1 who are 7with the exception of ,firdausi7 the most considerable in ,persia1 borrowed largely1 indeed1 of ,omar's material1 but turning it to a mystical use more convenient to themselves and the people they addressed2 a people quite as quick of doubt as of belief2 as keen of bodily sense as of intellectual2 and delighting in a cloudy composition of both1 in which they could float luxuriously between heaven and earth1 and this world and the next1 on the wings of a poetical expression1 that might serve indifferently for either ,omar was too honest of heart as well as of head for this4 ,having failed 7however mistakenly7 of finding any ,providence but destiny1 and any world but this1 he set about making the most of it2 preferring rather to soothe the soul through the senses into acquiescence with things as he saw them1 than to perplex it with vain disquietude after what they might be4 ,it has been seen1 however1 that his worldly ambition was not exorbitant2 and he very likely takes a humorous or perverse pleasure in exalting the gratification of sense above that of the intellect1 in which he must have taken great delight1 although it failed to answer the questions in which he1 in common with all men1 was most vitally interested4 ,for whatever reason1 however1 ,omar1 as before said1 has never been popular in his own country1 and therefore has been but scantily transmitted abroad4 ,the ,,mss4 of his ,poems1 mutilated beyond the average casualties of ,oriental transcription1 are so rare in the ,east as scarce to have reached westward at all1 in spite of all the acquisitions of arms and science4 ,there is no copy at the ,india ,house1 none at the ,bibliothque ,nationale of ,paris4 ,we know but of one in ,england3 ,no4 #adj of the ,ouseley ,,mss4 at the ,bodleian1 written at ,shiraz1 ,a4,d4 #adfj4 ,this contains but #aeh ,rubaiyat4 ,one in the ,asiatic ,society's ,library at ,calcutta 7of which we have a copy7 contains 7and yet incomplete7 #eaf1 though swelled to that by all kinds of repetition and corruption4 ,so ,von ,hammer speaks of his copy as containing about #bjj1 while ,dr4 ,sprenger catalogues the ,lucknow ,,ms4 at double that number4#h ,the scribes1 too1 of the ,oxford and ,calcutta ,,mss4 seem to do their work under a sort of protest2 each beginning with a tetrastich 7whether genuine or not71 taken out of its alphabetical order2 the ,oxford with one of apology2 the ,calcutta with one of expostulation1 supposed 7says a notice prefixed to the ,,ms47 to have arisen from a dream1 in which ,omar's mother asked about his future fate4 ,it may be rendered thus-- ,oh ,thou who burn'st in ,heart for those who burn ,in ,hell1 whose fires thyself shall feed in turn2 ,how long be crying1 ',mercy on them1 ,god6' ,why1 who art ,thou to teach1 and ,he to learn8 ,the ,bodleian quatrain pleads ,pantheism by way of ,justification4 ,if ,i myself upon a looser ,creed ,have loosely strung the ,jewel of ,good ,deed1 ,let this one thing for my ,atonement plead3 ,that ,one for ,two ,i never did mis-read4 ,the reviewer1#i to whom ,i owe the particulars of ,omar's life1 concludes his review by comparing him with ,lucretius1 both as to natural temper and genius1 and as acted upon by the circumstances in which he lived4 ,both indeed were men of subtle1 strong1 and cultivated intellect1 fine imagination1 and hearts passionate for truth and justice2 who justly revolted from their country's false religion1 and false1 or foolish1 devotion to it1 but who fell short of replacing what they subverted by such better hope as others1 with no better revelation to guide them1 had yet made a law to themselves4 ,lucretius1 indeed1 with such material as ,epicurus furnished1 satisfied himself with the theory of a vast machine fortuitously constructed1 and acting by a law that implied no legislator2 and so composing himself into a ,stoical rather than ,epicurean severity of attitude1 sat down to contemplate the mechanical drama of the ,universe which he was part actor in2 himself and all about him 7as in his own sublime description of the ,roman ,theatre7 discolored with the lurid reflex of the curtain suspended between the spectator and the sun4 ,omar1 more desperate1 or more careless of any so complicated system as resulted in nothing but hopeless necessity1 flung his own genius and learning with a bitter or humorous jest into the general ruin which their insufficient glimpses only served to reveal2 and1 pretending sensual pleasure as the serious purpose of life1 only diverted himself with speculative problems of ,deity1 ,destiny1 ,matter and ,spirit1 ,good and ,evil1 and other such questions1 easier to start than to run down1 and the pursuit of which becomes a very weary sport at last6 ,with regard to the present translation4 ,the original ,rubaiyat 7as1 missing an ,arabic guttural1 these ,tetrastichs are more musically called7 are independent stanzas1 consisting each of four lines of equal1 though varied1 prosody2 sometimes all rhyming1 but oftener 7as here imitated7 the third line a blank4 ,somewhat as in the ,greek alcaic1 where the penultimate line seems to lift and suspend the wave that falls over in the last4 ,as usual with such kind of ,oriental verse1 the ,rubaiyat follow one another according to alphabetic rhyme--a strange succession of grave and gay4 ,those here selected are strung into something of an eclogue1 with perhaps a less than equal proportion of the ,drink and make-merry which 7genuine or not7 recurs over-frequently in the original4 ,either way the result is sad enough3 saddest perhaps when most ostentatiously merry3 more apt to move sorrow than anger toward the old ,tentmaker1 who1 after vainly endeavouring to unshackle his steps from destiny1 and to catch some authentic glimpse of ,,to-,,morrow1 fell back upon ,,to-,,day 7which has outlasted so many ,,to-,,morrows67 as the only ground he had got to stand upon1 however momentarily slipping from under his feet4 ,while the second ,edition of this version of ,omar was preparing1 ,m4 ,nicolas1 ,french ,consul at ,resht1 published a very careful and very good edition of the text1 from a lithograph copy at ,teheran1 comprising #dfd ,rubaiyat1 with translation and notes of his own4 ,m4 ,nicolas1 whose edition has reminded me of several things1 and instructed me in others1 does not consider ,omar to be the material ,epicurean that ,i have literally taken him for1 but a ,mystic1 shadowing the ,deity under the figure of wine1 wine-bearer1 etc41 as ,hafiz is supposed to do2 in short1 a ,sufi ,poet like ,hafiz and the rest4 ,i cannot see reason to alter my opinion1 formed as it was more than a dozen years ago#aj when ,omar was first shown me by one to whom ,i am indebted for all ,i know of ,oriental1 and very much of other1 literature4 ,he admired ,omar's genius so much1 that he would gladly have adopted any such interpretation of his meaning as ,m4 ,nicolas' if he could4#aa ,that he could not1 appears by his paper in the ,calcutta ,review already so largely quoted2 in which he argues from the ,poems themselves1 as well as from what records remain of the ,poet's ,life4 ,and if more were needed to disprove ,m4 ,nicolas' theory1 there is the ,biographical ,notice which he himself has drawn up in direct contradiction to the interpretation of the ,poems given in his notes4 ,indeed ,i hardly knew poor ,omar was so far gone till his apologist informed me4 ,for here we see that1 whatever were the wine that ,hafiz drank and sang1 the veritable juice of the grape it was which ,omar used1 not only when carousing with his friends1 but 7says ,m4 ,nicolas7 in order to excite himself to that pitch of devotion which others reached by cries and hurlemens4 ,and yet1 whenever wine1 wine-bearer1 etc41 occur in the text--which is often enough--,m4 ,nicolas carefully annotates ,dieu1 ,la ,divinit1 etc43 so carefully indeed that one is tempted to think that he was indoctrinated by the ,sufi with whom he read the ,poems4 ,a ,persian would naturally wish to vindicate a distinguished countryman3 and a ,sufi to enrol him in his own sect1 which already comprises all the chief poets in ,persia4 ,what historical authority has ,m4 ,nicolas to show that ,omar gave himself up avec passion l'tude de la philosophie des ,soufis8 ,the doctrines of ,pantheism1 ,materialism1 ,necessity1 etc41 were not peculiar to the ,sufi2 nor to ,lucretius before them2 nor to ,epicurus before him2 probably the very original irreligion of thinking men from the first2 and very likely to be the spontaneous growth of a philosopher living in an age of social and political barbarism1 under shadow of one of the ,two-and-,seventy ,religions supposed to divide the world4 ,von ,hammer 7according to ,sprenger's ,oriental ,catalogue7 speaks of ,omar as a ,free-thinker and a great opponent of ,sufism2 perhaps because1 while holding much of their doctrine1 he would not pretend to any inconsistent severity of morals4 ,sir ,w4 ,ouseley has written a note to something of the same effect on the fly-leaf of the ,bodleian ,,ms4 ,and in two ,rubaiyat of ,m4 ,nicolas' own ,edition ,suf and ,sufi are both disparagingly named4 ,no doubt many of these ,quatrains seem unaccountable unless mystically interpreted2 but many more as unaccountable unless literally4 ,were the ,wine spiritual1 for instance1 how wash the ,body with it when dead8 ,why make cups of the dead clay to be filled with--,la ,divinit--by some succeeding ,mystic8 ,m4 ,nicolas himself is puzzled by some bizarres and trop ,orientales allusions and images--d'une sensualit quelquefois rvoltante indeed--which les convenances do not permit him to translate2 but still which the reader cannot but refer to ,la ,divinit4#ab ,no doubt also many of the ,quatrains in the ,teheran1 as in the ,calcutta1 ,copies1 are spurious2 such ,rubaiyat being the common form of epigram in ,persia4 ,but this1 at best1 tells as much one way as another2 nay1 the ,sufi1 who may be considered the scholar and man of letters in ,persia1 would be far more likely than the careless epicure to interpolate what favours his own view of the poet4 ,i observe that very few of the more mystical ,quatrains are in the ,bodleian ,,ms4 which must be one of the oldest1 as dated at ,shiraz1 ,a4,h4 #hfe1 ,a4,d4 #adfj4 ,and this1 ,i think1 especially distinguishes ,omar 7,i cannot help calling him by his--no1 not ,christian--familar name7 from all other ,persian poets3 ,that1 whereas with them the poet is lost in his song1 the man in allegory and abstraction1 we seem to have the man--the bonhomme--,omar himself1 with all his humours and passions1 as frankly before us as if we were really at table with him1 after the wine had gone round4 ,i must say that ,i1 for one1 never wholly believed in the mysticism of ,hafiz4 ,it does not appear there was any danger in holding and singing ,sufi ,pantheism1 so long as the poet made his salaam to ,mohammed at the beginning and end of his song4 ,under such conditions ,jelaluddin1 ,jami1 ,attar1 and others sang2 using wine and beauty indeed as images to illustrate1 not as a mask to hide1 the ,divinity they were celebrating4 ,perhaps some allegory less liable to mistake or abuse had been better among so inflammable a people3 much more so when1 as some think with ,hafiz and ,omar1 the abstract is not only likened to1 but identified with1 the sensual ,image2 hazardous1 if not to the devotee himself1 yet to his weaker brethren2 and worse for the profane in proportion as the devotion of the initiated grew warmer4 ,and all for what8 ,to be tantalized with images of sensual enjoyment which must be renounced if one would approximate a ,god1 who according to the doctrine1 is sensual matter as well as spirit1 and into whose universe one expects unconsciously to merge after death1 without hope of any posthumous beatitude in another world to compensate for all one's self-denial in this4 ,lucretius' blind ,divinity certainly merited1 and probably got1 as much self-sacrifice as this of the ,sufi2 and the burden of ,omar's song--if not ,let us eat--is assuredly--,let us drink1 for to-morrow we die6 ,and if ,hafiz meant quite otherwise by a similar language1 he surely miscalculated when he devoted his life and genius to so equivocal a psalmody as1 from his day to this1 has been said and sung by any rather than spiritual worshippers4 ,however1 as there is some traditional presumption1 and certainly the opinion of some learned men1 in favour of ,omar's being a ,sufi--and even something of a saint--those who please may so interpret his wine and cup-bearer4 ,on the other hand1 as there is far more historical certainty of his being a philosopher1 of scientific insight and ability far beyond that of the age and country he lived in2 of such moderate worldly ambition as becomes a philosopher1 and such moderate wants as rarely satisfy a debauchee4 ,other readers may be content to believe with me that1 while the wine ,omar celebrates is simply the juice of the grape1 he bragged more than he drank of it1 in very defiance perhaps of that spiritual wine which left its votaries sunk in hypocrisy or disgust4 ,,edward ,,fitzgerald4 ,,the ,,fitzgerald ,,first ,,edition ,the first ,edition of the translation of ,omar ,khayyam1 which appeared in #ahei1 differs so much from those which followed1 that it has been thought better to print it in full1 instead of merely attempting to record the differences4 ,i4 ,awake6 for ,morning in the ,bowl of ,night ,has flung the ,stone that puts the ,stars to ,flight3 ,and ,lo6 the ,hunter of the ,east has caught ,the ,sultan's ,turret in a ,noose of ,light4 ,,ii4 ,dreaming when ,dawn's ,left ,hand was in the ,sky ,i heard a ,voice within the ,tavern cry1 ,awake1 my ,little ones1 and fill the ,cup ,before ,life's ,liquor in its ,cup be dry4 ,,iii4 ,and1 as the ,cock crew1 those who stood before ,the ,tavern shouted--,open then the ,door6 ,you know how little while we have to stay1 ,and1 once departed1 may return no more4 ,,iv4 ,now the ,new ,year reviving old ,desires1 ,the thoughtful ,soul to ,solitude retires1 ,where the ,,white ,,hand ,,of ,,moses on the ,bough ,puts out1 and ,jesus from the ,ground suspires4 ,v4 ,iram indeed is gone with all its ,rose1 ,and ,jamshyd's ,sev'n-ring'd ,cup where no one knows2 ,but still the ,vine her ancient ,ruby yields1 ,and still a ,garden by the ,water blows4 ,,vi4 ,and ,david's ,lips are lock't2 but in divine ,high piping ,pehlevi1 with ,wine6 ,wine6 ,wine6 ,red ,wine6--the ,nightingale cries to the ,rose ,that yellow ,cheek of her's to incarnadine4 ,,vii4 ,come1 fill the ,cup1 and in the ,fire of ,spring ,the ,winter ,garment of ,repentance fling3 ,the ,bird of ,time has but a little way ,to fly--and ,lo6 the ,bird is on the ,wing4 ,,viii4 ,and look--a thousand ,blossoms with the ,day ,woke--and a thousand scatter'd into ,clay3 ,and this first ,summer ,month that brings the ,rose ,shall take ,jamshyd and ,kaikobad away4 ,,ix4 ,but come with old ,khayyam1 and leave the ,lot ,of ,kaikobad and ,kaikhosru forgot3 ,let ,rustum lay about him as he will1 ,or ,hatim ,tai cry ,supper--heed them not4 ,x4 ,with me along some ,strip of ,herbage strown1 ,that just divides the desert from the sown1 ,where name of ,slave and ,sultan scarce is known1 ,and pity ,sultan ,mahmud on his ,throne4 ,,xi4 ,here with a ,loaf of ,bread beneath the ,bough1 ,a ,flask of ,wine1 a ,book of ,verse--and ,thou ,beside me singing in the ,wilderness-- ,and ,wilderness is ,paradise enow4 ,,xii4 ,how sweet is mortal ,sovranty6--think some3 ,others--,how blest the ,paradise to come6 ,ah1 take the ,cash in hand and waive the ,rest2 ,oh1 the brave ,music of a distant ,drum6 ,,xiii4 ,look to the ,rose that blows about us--,lo1 ,laughing1 she says1 into the ,world ,i blow3 ,at once the silken ,tassel of my ,purse ,tear1 and its ,treasure on the ,garden throw4 ,,xiv4 ,the ,worldly ,hope men set their ,hearts upon ,turns ,ashes--or it prospers2 and anon1 ,like ,snow upon the ,desert's dusty ,face ,lighting a little ,hour or two--is gone4 ,,xv4 ,and those who husbanded the ,golden ,grain1 ,and those who flung it to the ,winds like ,rain1 ,alike to no such aureate ,earth are turn'd ,as1 buried once1 ,men want dug up again4 ,,xvi4 ,think1 in this batter'd ,caravanserai ,whose ,doorways are alternate ,night and ,day1 ,how ,sultan after ,sultan with his ,pomp ,abode his ,hour or two1 and went his way4 ,,xvii4 ,they say the ,lion and the ,lizard keep ,the ,courts where ,jamshyd gloried and drank deep2 ,and ,bahram1 that great ,hunter--the ,wild ,ass ,stamps o'er his ,head1 and he lies fast asleep4 ,,xviii4 ,i sometimes think that never blows so red ,the ,rose as where some buried ,csar bled2 ,that every ,hyacinth the ,garden wears ,dropt in its ,lap from some once lovely ,head4 ,,xix4 ,and this delightful ,herb whose tender ,green ,fledges the ,river's ,lip on which we lean-- ,ah1 lean upon it lightly6 for who knows ,from what once lovely ,lip it springs unseen6 ,,xx4 ,ah1 my ,belovd1 fill the ,cup that clears ,,to-,,day of past ,regrets and future ,fears-- ,to-morrow8--,why1 ,to-morrow ,i may be ,myself with ,yesterday's ,sev'n ,thousand ,years4 ,,xxi4 ,lo6 some we loved1 the loveliest and best ,that ,time and ,fate of all their ,vintage prest1 ,have drunk their ,cup a ,round or two before1 ,and one by one crept silently to ,rest4 ,,xxii4 ,and we1 that now make merry in the ,room ,they left1 and ,summer dresses in new ,bloom1 ,ourselves must we beneath the ,couch of ,earth ,descend1 ourselves to make a ,couch--for whom8 ,,xxiii4 ,ah1 make the most of what we yet may spend1 ,before we too into the ,dust descend2 ,dust into ,dust1 and under ,dust1 to lie1 ,sans ,wine1 sans ,song1 sans ,singer1 and--sans ,end6 ,,xxiv4 ,alike for those who for ,,to-,,day prepare1 ,and those that after a ,,to-,,morrow stare1 ,a ,muezzin from the ,tower of ,darkness cries ,fools6 your ,reward is neither ,here nor ,there6 ,,xxv4 ,why1 all the ,saints and ,sages who discuss'd ,of the ,two ,worlds so learnedly1 are thrust ,like foolish ,prophets forth2 their ,words to ,scorn ,are scatter'd and their ,mouths are stopt with ,dust4 ,,xxvi4 ,oh1 come with old ,khayyam1 and leave the ,wise ,to talk2 one thing is certain1 that ,life flies2 ,one thing is certain1 and the ,rest is ,lies2 ,the ,flower that once has blown for ever dies4 ,,xxvii4 ,myself when young did eagerly frequent ,doctor and ,saint1 and heard great ,argument ,about it and about3 but evermore ,came out by the same ,door as in ,i went4 ,,xxviii4 ,with them the ,seed of ,wisdom did ,i sow1 ,and with my own hand labour'd it to grow3 ,and this was all the ,harvest that ,i reap'd-- ,i came like ,water1 and like ,wind ,i go4 ,,xxix4 ,into this ,universe1 and why not knowing1 ,nor whence1 like ,water willy-nilly flowing3 ,and out of it1 as ,wind along the ,waste1 ,i know not whither1 willy-nilly blowing4 ,,xxx4 ,what1 without asking1 hither hurried whence8 ,and1 without asking1 whither hurried hence6 ,another and another ,cup to drown ,the ,memory of this ,impertinence6 ,,xxxi4 ,up from ,earth's ,centre through the ,seventh ,gate ,i rose1 and on the ,throne of ,saturn sate1 ,and many ,knots unravel'd by the ,road2 ,but not the ,knot of ,human ,death and ,fate4 ,,xxxii4 ,there was a ,door to which ,i found no ,key3 ,there was a ,veil past which ,i could not see ,some little ,talk awhile of ,,me and ,,thee ,there seem'd--and then no more of ,,thee and ,,me4 ,,xxxiii4 ,then to the rolling ,heav'n itself ,i cried1 ,asking1 ,what ,lamp had ,destiny to guide ,her little ,children stumbling in the ,dark8 ,and--,a blind ,understanding6 ,heav'n replied4 ,,xxxiv4 ,then to this earthen ,bowl did ,i adjourn ,my ,lip the secret ,well of ,life to learn3 ,and ,lip to ,lip it murmur'd--,while you live ,drink6--for once dead you never shall return4 ,,xxxv4 ,i think the ,vessel1 that with fugitive ,articulation answer'd1 once did live1 ,and merry-make2 and the cold ,lip ,i kiss'd ,how many ,kisses might it take--and give6 ,,xxxvi4 ,for in the ,market-place1 one ,dusk of ,day1 ,i watch'd the ,potter thumping his wet ,clay3 ,and with its all obliterated ,tongue ,it murmur'd--,gently1 ,brother1 gently1 pray6 ,,xxxvii4 ,ah1 fill the ,cup3--what boots it to repeat ,how ,time is slipping underneath our ,feet3 ,unborn ,,to-,,morrow1 and dead ,,yesterday1 ,why fret about them if ,,to-,,day be sweet6 ,,xxxviii4 ,one ,moment in ,annihilation's ,waste1 ,one ,moment1 of the ,well of ,life to taste-- ,the ,stars are setting and the ,caravan ,starts for the ,dawn of ,nothing--,oh1 make haste6 ,,xxxix4 ,how long1 how long1 in infinite ,pursuit ,of ,this and ,that endeavour and dispute8 ,better be merry with the fruitful ,grape ,than sadden after none1 or bitter1 ,fruit4 ,,xl4 ,you know1 my ,friends1 how long since in my ,house ,for a new ,marriage ,i did make ,carouse3 ,divorced old barren ,reason from my ,bed1 ,and took the ,daughter of the ,vine to ,spouse4 ,,xli4 ,for ,,is and ,,is-,,not though with ,rule and ,line ,and ,,up-,,and-,,down without1 ,i could define1 ,i yet in all ,i only cared to know1 ,was never deep in anything but--,wine4 ,,xlii4 ,and lately1 by the ,tavern ,door agape1 ,came stealing through the ,dusk an ,angel ,shape ,bearing a ,vessel on his ,shoulder2 and ,he bid me taste of it2 and 'twas--the ,grape6 ,,xliii4 ,the ,grape that can with ,logic absolute ,the ,two-and-,seventy jarring ,sects confute3 ,the subtle ,alchemist that in a ,trice ,life's leaden ,metal into ,gold transmute4 ,,xliv4 ,the mighty ,mahmud1 the victorious ,lord1 ,that all the misbelieving and black ,horde ,of ,fears and ,sorrows that infest the ,soul ,scatters and slays with his enchanted ,sword4 ,,xlv4 ,but leave the ,wise to wrangle1 and with me ,the ,quarrel of the ,universe let be3 ,and1 in some corner of the ,hubbub coucht1 ,make ,game of that which makes as much of ,thee4 ,,xlvi4 ,for in and out1 above1 about1 below1 ',tis nothing but a ,magic ,shadow-show1 ,play'd in a ,box whose ,candle is the ,sun1 ,round which we ,phantom ,figures come and go4 ,,xlvii4 ,and if the ,wine you drink1 the ,lip you press1 ,end in the ,nothing all ,things end in--,yes-- ,then fancy while ,thou art1 ,thou art but what ,thou shalt be--,nothing--,thou shalt not be less4 ,,xlviii4 ,while the ,rose blows along the ,river ,brink1 ,with old ,khayyam the ,ruby ,vintage drink3 ,and when the ,angel with his darker ,draught ,draws up to ,thee--take that1 and do not shrink4 ,,xlix4 ',tis all a ,chequer-board of ,nights and ,days ,where ,destiny with ,men for ,pieces plays3 ,hither and thither moves1 and mates1 and slays1 ,and one by one back in the ,closet lays4 ,l4 ,the ,ball no ,question makes of ,ayes and ,noes1 ,but ,right or ,left as strikes the ,player goes2 ,and ,he that toss'd ,thee down into the ,field1 ,he knows about it all--,,he knows--,,he knows6 ,,li4 ,the ,moving ,finger writes2 and1 having writ1 ,moves on3 nor all thy ,piety nor ,wit ,shall lure it back to cancel half a ,line1 ,nor all thy ,tears wash out a ,word of it4 ,,lii4 ,and that inverted ,bowl we call ,the ,sky1 ,whereunder crawling coop't we live and die1 ,lift not thy hands to ,it for help--for ,it ,rolls impotently on as ,thou or ,i4 ,,liii4 ,with ,earth's first ,clay ,they did the ,last ,man's knead1 ,and then of the ,last ,harvest sow'd the ,seed ,yea1 the first ,morning of ,creation wrote ,what the ,last ,dawn of ,reckoning shall read4 ,,liv4 ,i tell ,thee this--,when1 starting from the ,goal1 ,over the shoulders of the flaming ,foal ,of ,heav'n ,parwin and ,mushtara they flung1 ,in my predestined ,plot of ,dust and ,soul ,,lv4 ,the ,vine had struck a ,fibre2 which about ,if clings my ,being--let the ,sufi flout2 ,of my ,base ,metal may be filed a ,key1 ,that shall unlock the ,door he howls without1 ,,lvi4 ,and this ,i know3 whether the one ,true ,light1 ,kindle to ,love1 or ,wrath consume me quite1 ,one glimpse of ,it within the ,tavern caught ,better than in the ,temple lost outright4 ,,lvii4 ,oh1 ,thou1 who didst with ,pitfall and with ,gin ,beset the ,road ,i was to wander in1 ,thou wilt not with ,predestination round ,enmesh me1 and impute my ,fall to ,sin8 ,,lviii4 ,oh1 ,thou1 who ,man of baser ,earth didst make1 ,and who with ,eden didst devise the ,snake2 ,for all the ,sin wherewith the ,face of ,man ,is blacken'd1 ,man's ,forgiveness give--and take 99 99 99 99 99 ,,kuza-,,nama ,,lix4 ,listen again4 ,one evening at the ,close ,of ,ramazan1 ere the better ,moon arose1 ,in that old ,potter's ,shop ,i stood alone ,with the clay ,population round in ,rows4 ,,lx4 ,and1 strange to tell1 among that ,earthen ,lot ,some could articulate1 while others not3 ,and suddenly one more impatient cried-- ,who is the ,potter1 pray1 and who the ,pot8 ,,lxi4 ,then said another--,surely not in vain ,my substance from the common ,earth was ta'en1 ,that he who subtly wrought me into ,shape ,should stamp me back to common ,earth again4 ,,lxii4 ,another said--,why1 ne'er a peevish ,boy1 ,would break the ,bowl from which he drank in ,joy2 ,shall ,he that made the ,vessel in pure ,love ,and ,fancy1 in an after ,rage destroy6 ,,lxiii4 ,none answer'd this2 but after ,silence spake ,a vessel of a more ungainly ,make3 ,they sneer at me for leaning all awry2 ,what6 did the ,hand then of the ,potter shake8 ,,lxiv4 ,said one--,folks of a surly ,tapster tell1 ,and daub his ,visage with the smoke of ,hell2 ,they talk of some strict ,testing of us--,pish6 ,he's a ,good ,fellow1 and 'twill all be well4 ,,lxv4 ,then said another with a long-drawn ,sigh1 ,my ,clay with long oblivion is gone dry3 ,but1 fill me with the old familiar ,juice1 ,methinks ,i might recover by-and-bye6 ,,lxvi4 ,so while the ,vessels one by one were speaking1 ,one spied the little ,crescent all were seeking3 ,and then they jogg'd each other1 ,brother1 ,brother6 ,hark to the ,porter's ,shoulder-knot a creaking6 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lxvii4 ,ah1 with the ,grape my fading ,life provide1 ,and wash my ,body whence the ,life has died1 ,and in a ,windingsheet of ,vine-leaf wrapt1 ,so bury me by some sweet ,garden-side4 ,,lxviii4 ,that ev'n my buried ,ashes such a ,snare ,of ,perfume shall fling up into the ,air1 ,as not a ,true ,believer passing by ,but shall be overtaken unaware4 ,,lxix4 ,indeed the ,idols ,i have loved so long ,have done my ,credit in ,men's ,eye much wrong3 ,have drown'd my ,honour in a shallow ,cup1 ,and sold my ,reputation for a ,song4 ,,lxx4 ,indeed1 indeed1 ,repentance oft before ,i swore--but was ,i sober when ,i swore8 ,and then and then came ,spring1 and ,rose-in-hand ,my thread-bare ,penitence apieces tore4 ,,lxxi4 ,and much as ,wine has play'd the ,infidel1 ,and robb'd me of my ,robe of ,honour--well1 ,i often wonder what the ,vintners buy ,one half so precious as the ,goods they sell4 ,,lxxii4 ,alas1 that ,spring should vanish with the ,rose6 ,that ,youth's sweet-scented ,manuscript should close6 ,the nightingale that in the ,branches sang1 ,ah1 whence1 and whither flown again1 who knows6 ,,lxxiii4 ,ah1 ,love6 could thou and ,i with ,fate conspire ,to grasp this sorry ,scheme of ,things entire1 ,would not we shatter it to bits--and then ,re-mould it nearer to the ,heart's ,desire6 ,,lxxiv4 ,ah1 ,moon of my ,delight who know'st no wane1 ,the ,moon of ,heav'n is rising once again3 ,how oft hereafter rising shall she look ,through this same ,garden after me--in vain6 ,,lxxv4 ,and when ,thyself with shining ,foot shall pass ,among the ,guests ,star-scatter'd on the ,grass1 ,and in thy joyous ,errand reach the ,spot ,where ,i made one--turn down an empty ,glass6 ,,tamam ,,shud4 ,,notes4 7,stanza ,,ii47 ,the ,false ,dawn2 ,subhi kazib1 a transient ,light on the ,horizon about an hour before the ,subhi sadik1 or ,true ,dawn2 a well-known ,phenomenon in the ,east4 7,,iv47 ,new ,year4 ,beginning with the ,vernal ,equinox1 it must be remembered2 and 7howsoever the old ,solar ,year is practically superseded by the clumsy ,lunar ,year that dates from the ,mohammedan ,hegira7 still commemorated by a ,festival that is said to have been appointed by the very ,jamshyd whom ,omar so often talks of1 and whose yearly ,calendar he helped to rectify4 ,the sudden approach and rapid advance of the ,spring1 says ,mr4 ,binning1#ac are very striking4 ,before the ,snow is well off the ,ground1 the ,trees burst into ,blossom1 and the ,flowers start forth from the ,soil4 ,at ,now ,rooz their ,new ,year's ,day the ,snow was lying in patches on the ,hills and in the shaded ,valleys1 while the ,fruit-trees in the ,gardens were budding beautifully1 and green ,plants and ,flowers springing up on the ,plains on every side-- ',and on old ,hyems' ,chin and icy ,crown ,an odorous ,chaplet of sweet ,summer buds ,is1 as in mockery1 set'-- ,among the ,plants newly appeared ,i recognised some old ,acquaintances ,i had not seen for many a ,year3 among these1 two varieties of the ,thistle--a coarse species of ,daisy like the ',horse-gowan'--red and white ,clover--the ,dock--the blue ,corn-flower--and that vulgar ,herb the ,dandelion rearing its yellow crest on the ,banks of the ,water-courses4 ,the ,nightingale was not yet heard1 for the ,rose was not yet blown2 but an almost identical ,blackbird and ,wood-pecker helped to make up something of a ,north-country ,spring4 ,the ,white ,hand of ,moses4 ,exodus iv4 #f2 where ,moses draws forth his ,hand--not1 according to the ,persians1 leprous as ,snow1 --but white1 as our ,may-blossom in ,spring perhaps4 ,according to them also the ,healing ,power of ,jesus resided in ,his ,breath4 7,v47 ,iram1 planted by ,king ,shaddad1 and now sunk somewhere in the ,sands of ,arabia4 ,jamshyd's ,seven-ring'd ,cup was typical of the #g ,heavens1 #g ,planets1 #g ,seas1 etc41 and was a ,divining ,cup4 7,,vi47 ,pehlevi1 the old ,heroic ,sanskrit of ,persia4 ,hafiz also speaks of the ,nightingale's ,pehlevi1 which did not change with the ,people's4 ,i am not sure if the fourth line refers to the ,red ,rose looking sickly1 or to the ,yellow ,rose that ought to be ,red2 ,red1 ,white1 and ,yellow ,roses all common in ,persia4 ,i think that ,southey in his ,common-,place ,book1 quotes from some ,spanish author about the ,rose being ,white till #aj o'clock2 ,rosa ,perfecta at #b2 and perfecta incarnada at #e4 7,x47 ,rustum1 the ,hercules of ,persia1 and ,zal his ,father1 whose exploits are among the most celebrated in the ,shahnama4 ,hatim ,tai1 a well-known type of ,oriental generosity4 7,,xiii47 ,a ,drum--beaten outside a ,palace4 7,,xiv47 ,that is1 the ,rose's ,golden ,centre4 7,,xviii47 ,persepolis3 call'd also ,takht4i-,jamshyd--,,the ,,throne ,,of ,,jamshyd1 ,king ,splendid1 of the mythical ,peshdadian ,dynasty1 and supposed 7according to the ,shahnama7 to have been founded and built by him4 ,others refer it to the ,work of the ,genie ,king1 ,jan ,ibn ,jan--who also built the ,pyramids--before the time of ,adam4 ,,bahram ,,gur--,bahram of the ,wild ,ass--a ,sassanian ,sovereign--had also his ,seven ,castles 7like the ,king of ,bohemia67 each of a different ,colour2 each with a ,royal ,mistress within2 each of whom tells him a ,story1 as told in one of the most famous ,poems of ,persia1 written by ,amir ,khusraw3 all these ,seven also figuring 7according to ,eastern ,mysticism7 the ,seven ,heavens2 and perhaps the ,book itself that ,eighth1 into which the mystical ,seven transcend1 and within which they revolve4 ,the ,ruins of ,three of those ,towers are yet shown by the ,peasantry2 as also the swamp in which ,bahram sunk like the ,master of ,ravenswood while pursuing his ,gur4 ,the ,palace that to ,heav'n his pillars threw1 ,and ,kings the forehead on his threshold drew-- ,i saw the solitary ,ringdove there1 ,and ,coo1 coo1 coo1 she cried2 and ,coo1 coo1 coo4 ,this ,quatrain ,mr4 ,binning found1 among several of ,hafiz and others1 inscribed by some stray hand among the ruins of ,persepolis4 ,the ,ringdove's ancient ,pehlevi ,coo1 ,coo1 ,coo1 signifies also in ,persian1 ,where8 ,where8 ,where8 ,in ,attar's ,bird-parliament she is reproved by the ,leader of the ,birds for sitting still1 and for ever harping on that one note of lamentation for her lost ,yusuf4 ,apropos of ,omar's ,red ,roses in ,stanza xix41 ,i am reminded of an old ,english superstition1 that our ,anemone ,pulsatilla1 or purple ,pasque ,flower 7which grows plentifully about the ,fleam ,dyke1 near ,cambridge71 grows only where ,danish blood has been spilt4 7,,xxi47 ,a thousand years to each ,planet4 7,,xxxi47 ,saturn1 ,lord of the ,seventh ,heaven4 7,,xxxii47 ,,me-,,and-,,thee3 some dividual ,existence or ,personality distinct from the ,whole4 7,,xxxvii47 ,one of the ,persian ,poets--,attar1 ,i think--has a pretty story about this4 ,a thirsty ,traveller dips his hand into a ,spring of ,water to drink from4 ,by and by comes another who draws up and drinks from an earthen ,bowl1 and then departs1 leaving his ,bowl behind him4 ,the first ,traveller takes it up for another draught2 but is surprised to find that the same ,water which had tasted sweet from his own hand tastes bitter from the earthen ,bowl4 ,but a ,voice--from ,heaven1 ,i think--tells him the clay from which the ,bowl is made was once ,man2 and1 into whatever shape renewed1 can never lose the bitter flavour of ,mortality4 7,,xxxix47 ,the custom of throwing a little ,wine on the ground before drinking still continues in ,persia1 and perhaps generally in the ,east4 ,mons4 ,nicolas considers it un signe de libralit1 et en mme temps un avertissement que le buveur doit vider sa coupe jusqu' la dernire goutte4 ,is it not more likely an ancient ,superstition2 a ,libation to propitiate ,earth1 or make her an ,accomplice in the illicit ,revel8 ,or1 perhaps1 to divert the ,jealous ,eye by some sacrifice of superfluity1 as with the ,ancients of the ,west8 ,with ,omar we see something more is signified2 the precious ,liquor is not lost1 but sinks into the ground to refresh the dust of some poor ,wine-worshipper foregone4 ,thus ,hafiz1 copying ,omar in so many ways3 ,when thou drinkest ,wine pour a draught on the ground4 ,wherefore fear the ,sin which brings to another ,gain8 7,,xliii47 ,according to one beautiful ,oriental ,legend1 ,azrael accomplishes his mission by holding to the nostril an ,apple from the ,tree of ,life4 ,this and the two following ,stanzas would have been withdrawn1 as somewhat de trop1 from the ,text1 but for advice which ,i least like to disregard4 7,,li47 ,prom ,mah to ,mahi2 from ,fish to ,moon4 7,,lvi47 ,a ,jest1 of course1 at his ,studies4 ,a curious mathematical ,quatrain of ,omar's has been pointed out to me2 the more curious because almost exactly parallel'd by some ,verses of ,bishop ,donne's1 that are quoted in ,izaak ,walton's ,lives6 ,here is ,omar3 ,you and ,i are the image of a pair of compasses2 though we have two heads 7sc4 our feet7 we have one body2 when we have fixed the centre for our circle1 we bring our heads 7sc4 feet7 together at the end4 ,dr4 ,donne3-- ,if we be two1 we two are so ,as stiff twin-compasses are two2 ,thy ,soul1 the fixt foot1 makes no show ,to move1 but does if the other do4 ,and though thine in the centre sit1 ,yet when my other far does roam1 ,thine leans and hearkens after it1 ,and grows erect as mine comes home4 ,such thou must be to me1 who must ,like the other foot obliquely run2 ,thy firmness makes my circle just1 ,and me to end where ,i begun4 7,,lix47 ,the ,seventy-two ,religions supposed to divide the ,world1 including ,islamism1 as some think3 but others not4 7,,lx47 ,alluding to ,sultan ,mahmud's ,conquest of ,india and its dark people4 7,,lxviii47 ,fanusi khiyal1 a ,magic-lantern still used in ,india2 the cylindrical ,interior being painted with various ,figures1 and so lightly poised and ventilated as to revolve round the lighted ,candle within4 7,,lxx47 ,a very mysterious ,line in the ,original3-- ,o danad ,o danad ,o danad ,o---- breaking off something like our ,wood-pigeon's ,note1 which she is said to take up just where she left off4 7,,lxxv47 ,parwin and ,mushtari--,the ,pleiads and ,jupiter4 7,,lxxxvii47 ,this ,relation of ,pot and ,potter to ,man and his ,maker figures far and wide in the ,literature of the ,world1 from the time of the ,hebrew ,prophets to the present2 when it may finally take the name of ,pot theism1 by which ,mr4 ,carlyle ridiculed ,sterling's ,pantheism4 ,my ,sheikh1 whose knowledge flows in from all quarters1 writes to me-- ,apropos of old ,omar's ,pots1 did ,i ever tell you the sentence ,i found in ,bishop ,pearson on the ,creed8 ',thus are we wholly at the disposal of ,his will1 and our present and future condition framed and ordered by ,his free1 but wise and just1 decrees4 ,hath not the potter power over the clay1 of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour1 and another unto dishonour8 7,rom4 ix4 #ba47 ,and can that earth-artificer have a freer power over his brother potsherd 7both being made of the same metal71 than ,god hath over him1 who1 by the strange fecundity of ,his omnipotent power1 first made the clay out of nothing1 and then him out of that8' ,and again--from a very different quarter--,i had to refer the other day to ,aristophanes1 and came by chance on a curious ,speaking-pot story in the ,vesp1 which ,i had quite forgotten4 philokleon4 ,akoue me pheug' en ,subarei gyne pote #a4 #adce kateax' echinon4 ,kategoros4 ,taut' ego martyromai4 ,phi4 ,oychinos oun echon tin' epemartyrato ,eith' e ,sybaritis eipen1 ei nai tan koran ten martyrian tauten easas1 en tachei epidesmon epria1 noun an eiches pleiona4 ,the ,pot calls a bystander to be a witness to his bad treatment4 ,the woman says1 ',if1 by ,proserpine1 instead of all this testifying 7comp4 ,cuddie and his mother in ,old ,mortality67 you would buy yourself a rivet1 it would show more sense in you6' ,the ,scholiast explains echinus as aggos ti ek keramon4 ,one more illustration for the oddity's sake from the ,autobiography of a ,cornish ,rector1 by the late ,james ,hamley ,tregenna4 #ahga4 ,there was one old ,fellow in our ,company--he was so like a ,figure in the ',pilgrim's ,progress' that ,richard always called him the ',,allegory1' with a long white beard--a rare ,appendage in those days--and a ,face the colour of which seemed to have been baked in1 like the ,faces one used to see on ,earthenware ,jugs4 ,in our ,country-dialect ,earthenware is called ',clome'2 so the ,boys of the ,village used to shout out after him--',go back to the ,potter1 old ,clome-face1 and get baked over again4' ,for the ',allegory1' though shrewd enough in most things1 had the reputation of being saift-baked1 i4e41 of weak intellect4 7,,xc47 ,at the ,close of the ,fasting ,month1 ,ramazan 7which makes the ,musulman unhealthy and unamiable71 the first ,glimpse of the ,new ,moon 7who rules their division of the ,year7 is looked for with the utmost ,anxiety1 and hailed with ,acclamation4 ,then it is that the ,porter's ,knot may be heard--toward the ,cellar4 ,omar has elsewhere a pretty ,quatrain about the same ,moon-- ,be of ,good ,cheer--the sullen ,month will die1 ,and a young ,moon requite us by and by3 ,look how the ,old one1 meagre1 bent1 and wan ,with ,age and ,fast1 is fainting from the ,sky6 ,,an ,,analysis ,,of ,,edward ,,fitzgerald',s ,,translation ,,of ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam 7,fifth ,edition7 ,by ,,edward ,,heron-,,allen ,,preface ,the object with which this volume has been compiled has been to set at rest1 once and for ever1 the vexed question of how far ,edward ,fitz,gerald's incomparable poem may be regarded as a translation of the ,persian originals1 how far as an adaptation1 and how far as an original work4 ,in the ,introduction to my recently published translation of the ,ouseley ,,ms4 in the ,bodleian ,library at ,oxford1 and more particularly in the ,essay which terminates the second edition of that work1 ,i have dwelt at considerable length upon the history of ,edward ,fitz,gerald's poem and the influences of various ,oriental works which are traceable in it4 ,as it is doubtful whether the present volume will reach the hands of1 or at any rate be critically considered by1 any students of the poem who have not already had access to my former work1 ,i do not think that it would be either expedient or useful to repeat in this place the information which is collected there1 but a short history of the major portion of ,edward ,fitz,gerald's material is necessary1 for the purpose of showing why this question of translation1 adaptation1 or original composition should have been a question open to lengthy argument1 and why it has been impossible to set it at rest until the present time1 when forty years have elapsed since first ,edward ,fitz,gerald's poem attracted the attention of those great scholars and poets who rescued it1 as recounted in the threadbare anecdote1 from the oblivion of the penny box4 ,the influence of the ,ouseley ,,ms4 upon the poem forms the subject of the volume to which ,i have referred1 and1 save in so far as it recurs in the parallels which give excuse for the present work1 may be dismissed1 but the doubts which have sprung up as to the extent to which ,edward ,fitz,gerald took1 as his editor1 ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1 says1 great liberties with the original1 have arisen in consequence of the vicissitudes which have befallen the rest of the material from which the poet worked during the construction of his first edition4 ,we know that ,prof4 ,cowell made a copy of the ,ouseley ,,ms4 for ,edward ,fitz,gerald just before he went to ,india in ,august1 #ahef4 ,in another letter he says ,i got a copy made for him from the one ,,ms4 in the ,bengal ,asiatic ,society's ,library at ,calcutta soon after ,i arrived in ,november1 #ahef4 ,it reached ,fitz,gerald ,june #adth1 #aheg1 as ,i learn by a note in his writing4 ,some time after this ,i sent him a copy of that rare ,calcutta printed edition which ,i got from my ,munshi4 ,to possess oneself therefore of full information as to what material ,edward ,fitz,gerald really worked from in making the original edition of his poem1 it was necessary to consult1 line by line1 and word by word1 the ,calcutta ,,ms4 7noted as ,no4 #aedh in the ,bengal ,asiatic ,society's ,library7 and the ,calcutta printed edition of #ahcf1--;in addition1 of course1 to the ,ouseley ,,ms4 ,prof4 ,cowell most generously placed at my disposal his copy of the ,calcutta ,,ms41 but1 as he himself has recorded1 the copy was made by an inferior scribe in a hand which is exceedingly difficult to read4 ,i therefore communicated with ,mr4 ,a4,t4 ,pringle1 ,director of ,indian ,records in the ,home ,department at ,calcutta1 himself a keen and critical student of ,omar ,khayyam1 with a view to getting either a photographic reproduction1 or a clean copy of this ,,ms4 made for me4 ,careful search and widely spread enquiry brought to light the fact that the ,,ms4 was lost1 stolen1 or strayed1 so that ,prof4 ,cowell's copy was the only record left of this portion of ,edward ,fitz,gerald's material4 ,this copy ,i sent out to ,india1 and had copied by a good writer1 a copy being made at the same time to replace that which had been stolen4 ,i next addressed myself to the discovery of that rare ,calcutta printed edition1 of whose existence1 after searching in vain every ,european ,state library and many others1 and every library in ,india of which ,i could learn1 ,i began to have grave doubts1 thinking that ,prof4 ,cowell had inadvertently confused it with an edition lithographed simultaneously at ,calcutta and ,teheran in #ahcf4 ,in the summer1 however1 when ,i had given up all hope1 one of ,mr4 ,pringle's clerks picked up a copy of the long sought book in the ,bazar at ,calcutta1 printed from type at ,calcutta in #ahcf4 ,a circumstance that greatly adds to the interest of this discovery1 whilst at the same time it very greatly lessened my labours1 lies in the fact that this edition is evidently printed from the lost ,calcutta ,,ms4 itself1 both introduction and quatrains being identical in readings and sequence4 ,a few quatrains1 including the repetitions1 forming part of the ,,ms4 and nearly all those written in the margins of the ,,ms4 are omitted1 but nearly all of these are added as an appendix to the book1 the printer explaining in a short note that they were found in a bayaz 7or book of extracts71 and were added in that place instead of in their diwan 7or alphabetical7 order on account of their more than ordinarily antinomian tendency4 ,a very interesting question arises hereon1 whether these latter were printed into the book from the margins of the ,,ms4 after being purposely or accidentally omitted1 or whether they were written on to the margin of the ,,ms4 from this book at some date between #ahcf and #ahef4 ,i think that the former is the more likely explanation1 but in the absence of the ,,ms4 this question cannot be solved4 ,i find myself therefore in the interesting position of having the whole of ,fitz,gerald's material before me2 and though 7so perfectly did ,edward ,fitz,gerald identify himself with his author's habit of mind7 many other ,,mss4 contain quatrains that closely resemble his marvellous paraphrase1 there is nothing written by or attributed to ,omar ,khayyam which served ,fitz,gerald for inspiration in making his first edition1 other than what is to be found in the three1 or rather two1 texts above referred to4 ,i have spoken already 7and at length1 in the ,terminal ,essay to my former volume7 of the influences exerted by other ,oriental poets upon his work1 and especially that of the ,mantik ut-tair1 or ,parliament of ,birds of ,ferid ud din ,attar2 where it was direct or exclusive ,i have set it down in the parallels which follow4 ,the result of my observations may be summarised as follows3 ,of ,edward ,fitz,gerald's quatrains1 forty-nine are faithful and beautiful paraphrases of single quatrains to be found in the ,ouseley or ,calcutta ,,mss41 or both4#ad ,forty-four are traceable to more than one quatrain1 and therefore may be termed composite quatrains4 ,two are inspired by quatrains found by ,fitz,gerald only in ,nicolas' text4 ,two are quatrains reflecting the whole spirit of the original poem4 ,two are traceable exclusively to the influence of the ,mantik ut-tair of ,ferid ud din ,attar4 ,two quatrains primarily inspired by ,omar were influenced by the ,odes of ,hafiz4 ,and three1 which appeared only in the first and second editions and were afterwards suppressed by ,edward ,fitz,gerald himself1 are not--so far as a careful search enables me to judge--attributable to any lines of the original texts4 ,other authors may have inspired them1 but their identification is not useful in this case4 ,the fillip1 so to speak1 given to ,fitz,gerald's interest in the ruba'iyat1 by the publication of ,monsieur ,j4,b4 ,nicolas' text and translation of #dfd ,les ,quatrains de ,khyam 7,paris1 #ahfg71 must not be lost sight of1 and may be held responsible for many1 if not most of the variations and additions that differentiate the second1 third1 and fourth editions from the first4 ,this volume1 as ,fitz,gerald himself records in his ,introduction to the second and subsequent editions1 reminded him of several things and instructed him in others4 ,two of ,fitz,gerald's later quatrains at least 7,nos4 #df and #ih7 come from that text1 and these ,i have never seen in any ,,ms4 text2 and1 in seeking the parallels to the present volume1 ,i have collated exactly #e1bce ruba'iyat in the original ,persian4 ,i have appended to every ,persian ruba'i in the following pages1 references to the texts in which ,i have found the same ruba'i1 in the identical form1 or more or less varied1 and it will be observed that1 for the most part1 the ruba'iyat which inspired ,fitz,gerald are those which have so appealed to the ,oriental mind as to be represented in nearly all the ,,mss4 and texts under examination4 ,the ,ouseley ,,ms4 being the first text that occupied ,fitz,gerald's attention1 where his inspirational lines occur both in that ,,ms4 and the ,calcutta ,,ms41 ,i have given the ,ouseley ,,ms4 version1 noting any important variations to be found in the ,calcutta ,,ms4 ,it will be observed that ,fitz,gerald's tendency1 after the second edition1 was to eliminate quatrains which were merely suggested by the general tone and sentiment of the original poem1 and not the reflection or translation of particular and identifiable ruba'iyat4 ,the reader is especially recommended1 when studying these parallels1 to turn to the corresponding quatrain in the first edition1 for ,fitz,gerald often diverged further from the originals in making his subsequent variations--notably1 for instance1 in the first and forty-eighth quatrains4 ,with regard to my own translations of the originals in the following pages1 ,i may remark that the excessive baldness of the translation is intentional1 for ,i deemed it better to put before the lovers of ,fitz,gerald's poem the closest and most unpolished ,english rendering1 rather than to attempt to clothe the literal meaning of the originals in graceful phraseology4 ,i desire to record in this place my most cordial thanks1 for the invaluable assistance they have given me in the preparation of this volume1 to ,mr4 ,a4,t4 ,pringle1 ,professor ,e4,b4 ,cowell1 and ,dr4 ,e4 ,denison ,ross1 and to ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1 ,edward ,fitz,gerald's literary executor1 and his publishers ,messrs4 ,macmillan1 for their very kind permission to reproduce in this volume the poem which has brought it into existence4 ,,edward ,,heron-,,allen4 ,,explanation ,,of ,,the ,,references ,,in ,,the ,,following ,,parallels ,the following are the alternative texts and translations referred to in the following parallels3-- ,o4--,the ,ouseley ,,ms4 ,no4 #adj in the ,bodleian ,library at ,oxford1 dated ,a4,h4 #hfe 7,a4,d4 #adfj71 containing #aeh ruba'iyat4 ,a facsimile and translation with notes1 etc41 were published by ,h4,s4 ,nichols1 ,ltd4 7,london1 #ahih74 ,c4--,the ,calcutta ,,ms4 ,no4 #aedh in the ,bengal ,asiatic ,society's ,library at ,calcutta1 containing #eaj ruba'iyat4 ,the original has been lost or stolen1 but a copy has been made from the copy made for ,edward ,fitz,gerald at the instance of ,prof4 ,cowell4 ,l4--,the ,lucknow lithograph4 ,the edition referred to is that of ,a4,h4 #acab 7,a4,d4 #ahid71 containing #ggj ruba'iyat4 ,w4--,the text and metrical translation published by ,e4,h4 ,whinfield 7,london1 ,trbner1 #ahhc71 containing #ejj ruba'iyat4 ,n4--,the text and prose translation published by ,j4,b4 ,nicolas 7,paris1 ,imprimerie ,impriale1 #ahfg71 containing #dfd ruba'iyat4 ,s4,p4--,the text lithographed at ,st4 ,petersburg1 ,a4,h4 #acjh 7,a4,d4 #ahhh71 containing #dec ruba'iyat4 ,almost identical with ,n4 ,b4--,a collection of poems lithographed at ,bombay1 ,a4,h4 #abig 7,a4,d4 #ahhj71 containing #gef ruba'iyat of ,omar4 ,almost identical with ,l4 ,b4 ii4--,the ,,ms4 in the ,public ,library at ,bankipur1 dated ,a4,h4 #ifa-b 7,a4,d4 #aeec-d71 containing #fjd ruba'iyat4 ,p4--,the ,,ms4 in the ,bibliothque ,nationale1 ,paris4 ,supplment ,persan1 ,no4 #hbc1 ff4 #ib-aac4 ,dated ,a4,h4 #icd 7,a4,d4 #aebg71 containing #cdi ruba'iyat4 ,p4 ii4--,seven ruba'iyat written upon blank pages of ,,ms4 of the ,diwan of ,emad4 ,dated ,a4,h4 #ghf 7,a4,d4 #achd74 ,bibliothque ,nationale1 ,paris4 ,supplment ,persan1 ,no4 #gde4 ,the handwriting is of the end of the #ith or beginning of the #ajth century of the ,hijrah4 ,p4 iii4--,six ruba'iyat written in a handwriting of the #aath century of the ,hijrah1 on fol4 #ajd of a ,,ms4 collection of poems4 ,bibliothque ,nationale1 ,paris4 ,supplment ,persan1 ,no4 #gic4 ,p4 iv4--,the ,,ms4 in the ,bibliothque ,nationale1 ,paris4 ,supplment ,persan1 ,no4 #hbf1 ff4 #cia-cid4 ,dated ,a4,h4 #icg 7,a4,d4 #aecj71 containing #gf ruba'iyat4 ,p4 v4--,the ,,ms4 in the ,bibliothque ,nationale1 ,paris4 ,ancien ,fonds41 ,no4 #cdi1 ff4 #aha-baj4 ,dated ,a4,h4 #ibj 7,a4,d4 #aead71 containing #bac ruba'iyat4 ,t4--,the ,,ms4 in the ,library of the ,nawab of ,tonk4 ,apparently copied about ,a4,d4 #ahdj principally from ,c41 containing #cfi ruba'iyat4 ,e4,c4--,the quatrains translated by ,prof4 ,e4,b4 ,cowell in his article in the ,calcutta ,review1 ,no4 #ei1 ,march1 #aheh1 p4 #adi4 ,de ,t4--,the ten quatrains translated from the ,ouseley ,,ms4 by ,garcin de ,tassy in his ,note sur les ,ruba'iyat d',omar ,khayam4 7,paris1 ,imprimerie ,impriale1 #aheg47 ,v4--,the metrical translation by ,john ,payne1 published by the ,villon ,society 7,london1 #ahih71 containing #hde quatrains4 ,,analysis ,,of ,,edward ,,fitzgerald',s ,,quatrains ,i4 ,wake6 ,for the ,sun1 who scatter'd into flight ,the ,stars before him from the ,field of ,night1 ,drives ,night along with them from ,heav'n1 and strikes ,the ,sultan's ,turret with a ,shaft of ,light4 ,this version of the opening quatrain is gradually evolved through the four editions4 ,the quatrain1 which1 in the first edition runs3 ,awake6 for ,morning in the ,bowl of ,night ,has flung the ,stone that puts the ,stars to ,flight3 ,and lo6 the ,hunter of the ,east has caught ,the ,sultan's ,turret in a ,noose of ,light4 is inspired by ,c4 #acd4 ,the ,sun casts the noose of morning upon the roofs1 ,kai ,khosru of the day1 he throws a stone into the bowl3 ,drink wine6 for the ,herald of the ,dawn1 rising up1 ,hurls into the days the cry of ,drink ye6 ,ref43#ae,l4 #bce1 ,b4 #bcb1 ,c4 #acd1 ,p4 #cbj1 ,t4 #ach4--,w4 #bcc1 ,v4 #bdb4 ,it is not surprising that ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1 in his editorial note at the end of ,messrs4 ,macmillan's definitive edition 7,london1 #ahij71 states that the first stanza is entirely his own1 for1 in this precise form the ruba'i is only to be found in the ,calcutta ,,ms4 and in a recently discovered ,,ms4 copied largely from it and belonging to the ,nawab of ,tonk4 ,the matter rests upon the word stone in the second line4 ,the word means to fling a stone into a cup or pot1 which is the signal for striking camp among tribes of nomad ,arabs4 ,all the other texts ,i have seen read wine for stone which has made the translators 7,whinfield and ,payne7 properly render the passage pours wine into the cup4 ,,ii4 ,before the phantom of ,false morning died1 ,methought a ,voice within the ,tavern cried1 ,when all the ,temple is prepared within1 ,why nods the drowsy ,worshipper outside8 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is to be found in ,c4 #e3 ,there came one morning a cry from our tavern3 ,ho6 our crazy1 tavern-haunting profligate#af ,arise6 that we may fill the measure with wine1 ,ere they fill up our measure 7of life74 ,ref43 ,l4 #a1 ,b4 #a1 ,c4 #e1 ,b4 ii4 #a1 ,t4 #c4--,w4 #a1 ,n4 #a1 ,v4 #a4 ,in ,fitz,gerald's quatrain there is traceable the influence of one of the odes of ,hafiz1 translated by ,prof4 ,cowell 7in ,fraser's ,magazine1 ,september1 #ahed71 which he greatly admired4 ,the lines in question run3 ,the morning dawns and the cloud has woven a canopy1 ,the morning draught1 my friends1 the morning draught6 ,it is strange that at such a season ,they shut up the wine tavern6 ,oh1 hasten6 ,have they still shut up the door of the tavern8 ,open1 oh thou ,keeper of the ,gates6#ag ,the influence of these lines is carried on into the next quatrain4 ,,iii4 ,and1 as the ,cock crew1 those who stood before ,the ,tavern shouted--,open then the ,door6 ,you know how little while we have to stay1 ,and1 once departed1 may return no more4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is found in four ruba'iyat of the ,calcutta ,,ms41 viz43 #fda1 #bjg 7ll4 #c and #d71 #bgc1 #bdg4 ,it is the hour for the morning draught1 and the cock-crow1 ,o ,saki1 ,here are we1 and the wine1 and the street of the vintners1 ,o ,saki1 ,what time is this for devotions8 ,be silent1 ,o ,saki1 ,let be the traditions1#ah and drink to the dregs1 ,o ,saki4 ,ref43 ,l4 #fhe1 ,b4 #fgf1 ,c4 #dfa1 ,s4,p4 #ddh1 ,b4 ii4 #eii4--,w4 #dhc1 ,n4 #ded1 ,v4 #gcg4 ,thou must drink wine1 and gratify the pleasures of thy heart1 ,it is clear that so long 7and no longer7 thou wilt remain in this world4 ,ref43 ,l4 #bha1 ,b4 #bgg1 ,c4 #bjg4--,v4 #bhe4 ,o ,essence of ,delight6 ,arise1 it is the dawn6 ,softly1 softly drink wine1 and play the harp ,for those who are asleep do not find much1 ,and none of those who are gone will ever come back4 ,ref43 ,l4 #dca1 ,b4 #dbg1 ,p4 #bhi1 ,c4 #bgc1 ,b4 ii4 #cjg1 ,t4 #agc1 ,p4 v4 #afc4--,n4 #bce1 ,v4 #dfi4 ,it is the dawn6 ,arise1 ,o strange boy6 ,fill up the crystal cup with ruby wine4 ,for this moment 7of existence7 that is lent thee in this corner of mortality ,thou may'st seek long1 but thou shalt not find it again4 ,ref43 ,l4 #djb1 ,b4 #cih1 ,p4 #bbd1 ,s4,p4 #bac1 ,c4 #bdg1 ,b4 ii4 #bhb1 ,p4 iv4 #ba4--,n4 #bad1 ,v4 #dbe4 ,,iv4 ,now the ,new ,year reviving old ,desires1 ,the thoughtful ,soul to ,solitude retires1 ,where the ,,white ,,hand ,,of ,,moses on the ,bough ,puts out1 and ,jesus from the ,ground suspires4 ,this quatrain is translated from two ruba'iyat in the ,ouseley ,,ms41 #ac and #hj4 ,now that there is a possibility of happiness for the world1 ,every living heart#ai has yearnings towards the desert1 ,upon every bough is the appearance of ,moses' hand1 ,in every breeze is the exhalation of ,jesus' breath4#bj ,ref43 ,p4 #aid1 ,o4 #ac4--,w4 #aaf4 ,now is the time when by the spring breezes#ba the world is adorned1 ,and in hope of rain it opens its eyes1#bb ,the hands of ,moses appear like froth upon the bough1 ,and the breath of ,jesus comes forth from the earth4 ,ref43 ,o4 #hj1 ,l4 #bgb1 ,b4 #bfh1 ,c4 #bjd1 ,s4,p4 #ahf1 ,p4 #aeg4--,w4 #bja1 ,n4 #ahf1 ,v4 #bgf4 ,v4 ,iram indeed is gone with all his ,rose1 ,and ,jamshyd's ,sev'n-ring'd ,cup where no one knows2 ,but still a ,ruby kindles in the ,vine1 ,and many a ,garden by the ,water blows4 ,this is a very composite quatrain1 which cannot be claimed as a translation of all1 or the main part of any1 of the ,c4 or ,o4 quatrains4 ,all the texts1 as indeed all ,persian poetry1 are filled with references of which we find an echo here4 ,in the authorities at our disposal1 ,jamshyd is referred to in ,c4 #bed4 ,the ,ruby in the ,wine occurs in ,o4 #ci1 #hg1 #adi1 and in ,c4 #bif1 #cjd1 #dac1 and #dfj4 ,the ,garden by the ,water occurs in ,o4 #aea 7,c4 #dae71 and in ,c4 #dd and #dag4 ,i have never found any reference to the ,garden of ,iram in quatrains attributed to ,omar ,khayyam4#bc ,,vi4 ,and ,david's lips are lockt2 but in divine ,high-piping ,pehlevi1 with ,wine6 ,wine6 ,wine6 ,red ,wine6--the ,nightingale cries to the ,rose ,that sallow cheek of hers to 'incarnadine4 ,this quatrain 7eliminating the reference to ,david#bd7 is translated from ,o4 #fg4 ,it is a pleasant day1 and the weather is neither hot nor cold2 ,the rain has washed the dust from the faces of the roses2 ,the nightingale in the ,pehlevi tongue#be to the yellow#bf rose ,cries ever3 ,thou must drink wine6 ,ref43 ,o4 #fg1 ,l4 #bia1 ,b4 #bhg1 ,s4,p4 #aec1 ,p4 #bcj4--,w4 #agd1 ,n4 #aec1 ,v4 #bid4 ,,vii4 ,come1 fill the ,cup1 and in the fire of ,spring ,your ,winter-garment of ,repentance fling3 ,the ,bird of ,time has but a little way ,to flutter--and the ,bird is on the ,wing4 ,this is another composite quatrain1 and the similarity of its sentiment to that of ,no4 #id 7post7 makes it somewhat difficult to allocate the parallels to it4 ,the first two lines come from two quatrains in ,c4 #dca and #dfj 7ll4 #a and #b74 ,every day ,i resolve to repent in the evening1 ,repenting of the brimful goblet1 and the cup2 7,but7 now that the season of roses has come1 ,i cannot grieve1 ,give penitence for repentance#bg in the season of roses1 ,o ,lord6 ,ref43 ,c4 #dca1 ,l4 #fee1 ,b4 #fdg1 ,b4 ii4 #eaj4--,w4 #dbe1 ,v4 #gjd4 ,the flowers are blooming1 bring wine1 ,o ,saki1 ,abandon the practices of the zealot1 ,o ,saki4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dfj1 ,l4 #fhd1 ,b4 #fge1 ,b4 ii4 #edj4--,v4 #gcf4 ,the image of the flight of time permeates the whole of the quatrains4 ,the precise image that ,fitz,gerald uses in ll4 #c and #d ,i find in the #bdth distich of the ,mantik ut-tair of ,ferid ud din ,attar4 ,the bird of the sky flutters along its appointed path4 ,,viii499#bh ,whether at ,naishapur or ,babylon1 ,whether the ,cup with sweet or bitter run1 ,the ,wine of ,life keeps oozing drop by drop1 ,the ,leaves of ,life keep falling one by one4 ,this quatrain is taken mainly from ,o4 #dg 7,c4 #abc74 ,it does not occur in the first edition1 and ,fitz,gerald was evidently reminded of it by ,nicolas1 in whose reading of the text1 alone1 the town of ,naishapur is mentioned instead of ,balkh4 ,balkh and ,babylon are constantly interchanged in ,persian belles lettres4 ,since life passes2 what is ,baghdad and what is ,balkh8 ,when the cup is full1 what matter if it be sweet or bitter8#bi ,drink wine1 for often1 after thee and me1 this moon ,will pass on from the last day of the month to the first1 and from the first to the last4 ,ref43 ,o4 #dg1 ,l4 #bii1 ,b4 #bbf1 ,c4 #abc1 ,s4,p4 #aje1 ,p4 #ea1 ,t4 #ii4--,w4 #acd1 ,n4 #aje1 ,e4,c4 #b1 ,v4 #bcf4 ,if closer reference for line #c be required1 it may be found in ,n4 #ah1 ll4 #c and #d4 ,whether our ,saki holds the neck of the bottle in his hand1 ,or the soul of wine oozes over the rim of the cup4 ,ref43 ,l4 #ce1 ,b4 #cb1 ,s4,p4 #ah4--,w4 #ba1 ,n4 #ah1 ,v4 #cc4 ,the leaves of life recur constantly either as leaves of a tree1 or of a book4 ,fitz,gerald's inspiration comes from ,c4 #cgg1 ll4 #a and #b4 7,vide also sub4 ,no4 #i47 ,at the moment when ,i flee from destiny1 ,and fall like the leaf of the vine1 from the branch4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cgg1 ,l4 #egd1 ,b4 #efg1 ,s4,p4 #bfe1 ,b4 ii4 #cec1 ,t4 #bdi4--,w4 #cji1 ,n4 #bff1 ,v4 #fad4 ,,ix4 ,each ,morn a thousand ,roses brings1 you say2 ,yes1 but where leaves the ,rose of ,yesterday8 ,and this first ,summer month that brings the ,rose ,shall take ,jamshyd and ,kaikobad away4 ,this quatrain owes its origin to three separate ruba'iyat1 viz43 ,o4 #ace 7ll4 #c and #d7 ,c4 #ejj 7ll4 #a and #b71 ,c4 #dha 7ll4 #c and #d74 ,sit in the shade of the rose1 for1 by the wind1 many roses ,have been scattered to earth and have become dust4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ace1 ,l4 #fga1 ,b4 #ffc1 ,s4,p4 #cff1 ,b4 ii4 #dhc1 ,t4 #bgg4--,w4 #dad1 ,n4 #cgj1 ,v4 #gbj4 ,by the coming of ,spring and the return of ,december#cj ,the leaves of our life are continually folded4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ejj1 ,l4 #gde1 ,b4 #gca1 ,p4 #bdb1 ,s4,p4 #cig1 ,b4 ii4 #eca4--,w4 #ddd1 ,n4 #djb1 ,v4 #gig4 ,for it has flung to earth a hundred thousand ,jams and ,kais1#ca ,this coming of the first-summer-month and departing of the month ,december4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dha1 ,l4 #gab1 ,b4 #gja1 ,s4,p4 #ddi1 ,p4 #baf1 ,b4 ii4 #fjc4--,w4 #dhd1 ,n4 #dee1 ,v4 #gfd4 ,x4 ,well1 let it take them6 ,what have we to do ,with ,kaikobad the ,great1 or ,kaikhosru8 ,let ,zal#cb and ,rustum bluster as they will1 ,or ,hatim call to supper--heed not you4 ,the first two lines of this quatrain echo two fragments from the ,,mss4 ,o4 #aci 7ll4 #c and #d71 and ,c4 #eg 7ll4 #a and #b74 ,the cup is a hundred times better than the kingdom of ,feridun1#cc ,the tile that covers the jar is better than the crown of ,kai ,khosru4 ,ref43 ,o4 #acf1 ,l4 #fej1 ,b4 #fdb1 ,s4,p4 #cgh1 ,p4 #bdf1 ,b4 ii4 #eaa1 ,p4 v4 #agh4--,n4 #chb1 ,v4 #fji4 ,one draught of wine is better than the ,empire of ,kawus1 ,and is better than the ,throne of ,kobad and the ,empire of ,tus4 ,ref43 ,c4 #eg1 ,l4 #abb1 ,b4 #aai1 ,s4,p4 #fa1 ,p4 #big4--,w4 #fd1 ,n4 #fa1 ,v4 #aba4 ,the last two lines are translated from ,c4 #ejc 7ll4 #c and #d74 ,bow not thy neck though ,rustum son of ,zal be thy foe1 ,be not grateful though ,hatim ,tai befriend thee4#cd ,ref43 ,c4 #ejc1 ,l4 #gdf1 ,b4 #gcb4 ,s4,p4 #daa1 ,p4 #aej1 ,b4 ii4 #eeb1 ,p4 iv4 #bc4--,w4 #dee1 ,n4 #daf1 ,v4 #gih4 ,,xi4 ,with me along the strip of ,herbage strown ,that just divides the desert from the sown1 ,where name of ,slave and ,sultan is forgot-- ,and ,peace to ,mahmud on his golden ,throne6 ,,xii4 ,a ,book of ,verses underneath the ,bough1 ,a ,jug of ,wine1 a ,loaf of ,bread--and ,thou ,beside me singing in the ,wilderness-- ,oh1 ,wilderness were ,paradise enow6 ,this pair of quatrains must be considered together4 ,they owe their origin to ,o4 #aee and ,o4 #adi4 ,if a loaf of wheaten bread be forthcoming1 ,a gourd of wine1 and a thigh-bone of mutton1 ,and then1 if thou and ,i be sitting in the wilderness1-- ,that were a joy not within the power of any ,sultan4 ,ref43 ,o4 #aee1 ,c4 #dgd1 ,l4 #fig1 ,b4 #fhh1 ,s4,p4 #ddb1 ,p4 #bbi1 ,b4 ii4 #eia4 ,t4 #bib1 ,p4 iv4 #bd1 ,p4 v4 #aji4--,w4 #dgi1 ,n4 #ddh1 ,v4 #gdi4 ,i desire a flask of ruby wine and a book of verses ,just enough to keep me alive1#ce and half a loaf is needful1 ,and then1 that thou and ,i should sit in the wilderness1 ,is better than the kingdom of a ,sultan4 ,ref43 ,o4 #adi1 ,s4,p4 #djh4--,w4 #deb1 ,n4 #dac1 ,e4,c4 #ac4 ,,xiii4 ,some for the ,glories of ,this ,world2 and some ,sigh for the ,prophet's ,paradise to come2 ,ah1 take the ,cash1 and let the ,credit go ,nor heed the rumble of a distant ,drum6 ,the original of this quatrain is found in ,o4 #cd4 ,they say that the ,garden of ,eden is pleasant with houris3 ,i say that the juice of the grape is pleasant4 ,hold fast this cash and keep thy hand from that credit1 ,for the noise of drums1 brother1 is pleasant from afar4 ,ref43 ,o4 #cd1 ,c4 #ea1 ,l4 #ie1 ,b4 #ia1 ,p4 iii4 #c1 ,p4 #cbc1 ,p4 v4 #cf4--,w4 #ajh1 ,v4 #ie4 ,c4 #aef is almost identical in sentiment3 ,they say that there will be heaven and the ,fount of ,kausar1#cf ,that there1 there will be pure wine and honey and sugar1 ,fill up the wine-cup and place it in my hand1 7,for7 ready cash is better than a thousand credits4 ,ref43 ,c4 #aef1 ,l4 #big1 ,b4 #bic1 ,s4,p4 #afi1 ,b4 ii4 #bbc1 ,t4 #ada4--,n4 #afi1 ,v4 #cjj4 ,c4 #bhh reproduces the same image1 and we have a parallel for ll4 #a and #b in ll4 #a and #b of ,c4 #bbe4 ,mankind are fallen from vain imagining into pride1 ,and are consumed in the search after houris and palaces4#cg ,ref43 ,c4 #bbe1 ,l4 #bgi1 ,b4 #bge1 ,s4,p4 #afg1 ,t4 #afc4--,w4 #ahd1 ,n4 #afg1 ,v4 #bhc4 ,o4 #dj may also be cited for the closeness of its parallel both to this1 and to the preceding quatrain3 ,i know not whether he who fashioned me ,appointed me to dwell in heaven or in dreadful hell1 7,but7 some food1 and an adored one1 and wine#ch upon the green bank of a field-- ,all these three are present cash to me3 thine be the promised heaven6 ,ref43 ,o4 #dj1 ,l4 #hi1 ,b4 #he1 ,c4 #ajg1 ,s4,p4 #ib1 ,t4 #hd1 ,p4 v4 #agf4--,w4 #id1 ,n4 #ib1 ,v4 #hi4 ,,xiv4 ,look to the blowing ,rose about us--,lo1 ,laughing1 she says1 into the world ,i blow1 ,at once the silken tassel of my ,purse ,tear1 and its ,treasure on the ,garden throw4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #chc ,the rose said3 ,i brought a gold-scattering hand1 ,laughing1 laughing1 have ,i blown into the world1 ,i snatched the noose-string from off the head of my purse and ,i am gone6 ,i flung into the world all the ready money that ,i had4 ,ref43 ,c4 #chc only4 ,,xv4 ,and those who husbanded the ,golden grain1 ,and those who flung it to the winds like ,rain1 ,alike to no such aureate ,earth are turn'd ,as1 buried once1 ,men want dug up again4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain comes from ,o4 #fh4 ,ere that fate makes an attack upon thy head ,give orders that they bring thee rose-coloured wine2 ,thou art not treasure1 ,o heedless dunce6 that thee ,they hide in the earth and then dig up again4#ci ,ref43 ,o4 #fh1 ,c4 #aea1 ,l4 #bgg1 ,b4 #bgc1 ,s4,p4 #aef1 ,p4 #ccf1 ,p4 v4 #aa4--,w4 #age1 ,n4 #aef1 ,e4,c4 #ca1 ,v4 #bha4 ,,xvi4 ,the ,worldly ,hope men set their ,hearts upon ,turns ,ashes--or it prospers2 and anon1 ,like ,snow upon the ,desert's dusty ,face1 ,lighting a little hour or two--is gone4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is to be found in ,c4 #bff4 ,o heart6 ,suppose all this world's affairs were within your power1 ,and the whole world from end to end as you desire it1 ,and then1 like snow in the desert1 upon its surface ,resting for two or three days1 understand yourself to be gone6 ,ref43 ,c4 #bff1 ,l4 #dbj1 ,b4 #daf1 ,p4 #add1 ,b4 ii4 #bfj1 ,t4 #afh4--,v #ddc4 ,,xvii4 ,think1 in this batter'd ,caravanserai ,whose ,portals are alternate ,night and ,day1 ,how ,sultan after ,sultan with his ,pomp ,abode his destined ,hour1 and went his way4 ,this quatrain owes its origin to ,c4 #ie4 ,this worn caravanserai which is called the world ,is the resting-place of the piebald horse of night and day2 ,it is a pavilion which has been abandoned by an hundred ,jamshyds2 ,it is a palace that is the resting-place of an hundred ,bahrams4#dj ,ref43 ,c4 #ie1 ,l4 #bjc1 ,b4 #bjj1 ,s4,p4 #fg1 ,p4 #abj1 ,b4 ii4 #db1 ,t4 #gi and #ceg4--,w4 #gj1 ,n4 #fg1 ,v4 #aii4 ,,xviii4 ,they say the ,lion and the ,lizard keep ,the ,courts where ,jamshyd gloried and drank deep3 ,and ,bahram1 that great ,hunter--the ,wild ,ass ,stamps o'er his ,head1 but cannot break his ,sleep4 ,the original of this quatrain is ,c4 #ii4 ,in that palace where ,bahram grasped the wine-cup2 ,the foxes whelp1 and the lions take their rest2 ,bahram who was always catching 7gur7 wild asses1-- ,to-day behold that the 7gur7 grave has caught ,bahram4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ii1 ,l4 #baj1 ,b4 #bjg1 ,s4,p4 #fi1 ,p4 #dh and #aci1 ,b4 ii4 #ea1 ,t4 #hb and #bid1 ,p4 iv4 #ab1 ,p4 v4 #aef4--,w4 #gb1 ,n4 #fi1 ,v4 #bje4 ,,xix4 ,i sometimes think that never blows so red ,the ,rose as where some buried ,csar bled ,that every ,hyacinth the ,garden wears ,dropt in her ,lap from some once lovely ,head4 ,the original of this quatrain is found in ,o4 #dc4 ,everywhere that there has been a rose or tulip bed1 ,it has come from the redness of the blood of a king2 ,every violet shoot that grows from the earth ,is a mole#da that was 7once7 upon the cheek of a beauty4 ,ref43 ,o4 #dc1 ,c4 #dg1 ,l4 #aaj1 ,b4 #ajf1 ,b4 ii4 #aje1 ,t4 #cjd1 ,p4 v4 #aei4--,w4 #ajd1 ,e4,c4 #d1 ,v4 #aji4 ,,xx4 ,and this reviving ,herb whose tender ,green ,fledges the ,river-lip on which we lean-- ,ah1 lean upon it lightly6 for who knows ,from what once lovely ,lip it springs unseen6 ,the original of this quatrain was ,c4 #dd4 ,all verdure that grows upon the margin of a stream1 ,you may say1 grows from the lip of one angel-natured2 ,beware not to set foot contemptuously upon the verdure1 ,for that verdure grows from the clay of one tulip-cheeked4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dd1 ,l4 #fb1 ,b4 #ei1 ,s4,p4 #ei1 ,p4 #fd1 ,t4 #cdi1 ,p4 iv4 #bj4--,w4 #fb1 ,n4 #ei1 ,v4 #fa4 ,,xxi4 ,ah1 my ,belovd1 fill the ,cup that clears ,,to-,,day of past ,regrets and future ,fears3 ,to-morrow6--,why1 ,to-morrow ,i may be ,myself with ,yesterday's ,sev'n thousand ,years4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #cdh4 ,come1 ,o friend6 and let us not suffer anguish concerning the morrow4 ,let us take advantage of these few ready-money moments1 ,when1 to-morrow1 we depart from the face of the earth ,we shall be equal with those who went seven thousand years ago4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cdh1 ,l4 #edf1 ,b4 #edj1 ,s4,p4 #bfh1 ,p4 #abb1 ,b4 ii4 #cea1 ,t4 #bcc1 ,p4 v4 #if4--,w4 #cab1 ,n4 #bfi1 ,v4 #ehf4 ,,xxii4 ,for some we loved1 the loveliest and the best ,that from his ,vintage rolling ,time hath prest1 ,have drunk their ,cup a ,round or two before1 ,and one by one crept silently to rest4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is found in ,c4 #ahe4 ,all my sympathetic friends have left me1 ,one by one they have sunk low at the foot of ,death4 ,in the fellowship of souls they were cup-companions1 ,a turn or two before me they became drunk4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ahe1 ,l4 #cha1 ,b4 #cgg1 ,p4 ii4 #d1 ,b4 ii4 #ada4--,w4 #bai1 ,v4 #cgi4 ,,xxiii4 ,and we1 that now make merry in the ,room ,they left1 and ,summer dresses in new bloom1 ,ourselves must we beneath the ,couch of ,earth ,descend--ourselves to make a ,couch--for whom8 ,the main inspiration of this quatrain comes from ,c4 #chh4 ,arise1 and do not sorrow for this fleeting world1 ,be at peace1 and pass through the world with happiness4 ,if the nature of the world were constant ,the turn of others would not have descended to you yourself4#db ,ref43 ,c4 #chh1 ,l4 #ehe1 ,b4 #egh1 ,s4,p4 #cbb1 ,p4 #aei and #agh1 ,b4 ii4 #dcj1 ,t4 #bfd1 ,p4 iv4 #bi and #fb4--,w4 #cff1 ,n4 #cbe1 ,v4 #fcb4 ,combined with the suggestion contained in this ruba'i1 we find the echo of a sentiment that recurs continually in the originals1 e4g41 ,c4 #hb 7ll4 #c and #d7 and ,o4 #abi 7ll4 #c and #d74 ,this verdure1 which for the present is my pleasure-ground ,until the verdure 7springing7 from my clay shall become a pleasure-ground--for whom8 ,ref43 ,c4 #hb1 ,l4 #aia1 ,b4 #ahh1 ,s4,p4 #gj1 ,p4 #cje1 ,b4 ii4 #cf1 ,t4 #fc and #cea4--,w4 #gc1 ,n4 #gj1 ,v4 #ahg4 ,sit upon the greensward1 ,o ,idol1 for it will not be long ,ere that greensward shall grow from my dust and thine4 ,ref43 ,o4 #abi1 ,c4 #daf1 ,l4 #fcd1 ,b4 #fbf1 ,s4,p4 #cde1 ,p4 #dg1 ,b4 ii4 #dfd1 ,p4 v4 #aca--,w4 #cij1 ,n4 #cdh1 ,e4,c4 #c1 ,v4 #fhc4 ,,xxiv4 ,ah1 make the most of what we yet may spend1 ,before we too into the ,dust descend2 ,dust into ,dust1 and under ,dust to lie1 ,sans ,wine1 sans ,song1 sans ,singer1 and--sans ,end6 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is found in the following 7,o4 #gf and #ce74 ,do not allow sorrow to embrace thee1 ,nor an idle grief to occupy thy days1 ,forsake not the book and the lover's lips and the green bank of the field1 ,ere that the earth enfold thee in its bosom4 ,ref43 ,o4 #gf1 ,c4 #agc1 ,l4 #cae1 ,b4 #caa1 ,p4 #ahi1 ,b4 ii4 #bcc1 ,t4 #aba1 ,p4 v4 #ci4--;de ,t4 #i1 ,v4 #cag4 ,drink wine1 for thou wilt sleep long beneath the clay ,without an intimate1 a friend1 a comrade1 or a mate4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ce1 ,c4 #hj1 ,l4 #ahh1 ,b4 #ahe1 ,p4 #bhd1 ,t4 #fj4--,w4 #ajg1 ,v4 #ahd4 ,,xxv4 ,alike for those who for ,,to-,,day prepare1 ,and those that after some ,,to-,,morrow stare1 ,a ,muezzin from the ,tower of ,darkness cries1 ,fools6 your ,reward is neither ,here nor ,there4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is in ,c4 #cif4 ,some are immersed in contemplation of doctrine and faith1 ,others stand stupefied between doubt and certainty1 ,suddenly a ,muezzin1 from his lurking place1 cries out ,o ,fools6 the ,road#dc is neither here nor there4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cif1 ,l4 #eia1 ,b4 #ehd1 ,s4,p4 #cbd1 ,p4 iii4 #f1 ,p4 #fe4--,w4 #cgf1 ,n4 #ccg1 ,v4 #fch4 ,,xxvi4 ,why1 all the ,saints and ,sages who discuss'd ,of the ,two ,worlds so wisely--they are thrust ,like foolish ,prophets forth2 their ,words to scorn ,are scatter'd1 and their ,mouths are stopt with dust4 ,this quatrain is taken from ,o4 #adj and ,c4 #bcf4 ,those1 ,o ,saki1 who have gone before us1 ,have fallen asleep1 ,o ,saki1 in the dust 7or khwab sleep7 of self-esteem1 ,go thou and drink wine1 and hear the truth from me1 ,whatever they have said1 ,o ,saki1 is but wind6 ,ref43 ,o4 #adj1 ,c4 #dec1 ,l4 #fhg1 ,b4 #fgh1 ,s4,p4 #chj1 ,p4 #bfj1 ,b4 ii4 #ebe1 ,t4 #bgi1 ,p4 v4 #bb4--,w #dbh1 ,n4 #chd1 ,v4 #gci4 ,those who are the cream of the existence of mankind1 ,spur the ,burak of their thoughts up to the highest heaven1#dd ,in the study of your being1 like heaven itself ,their heads are turned1 and overset1 and spinning4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bcf1 ,l4 #cbf1 ,b4 #cbb1 ,s4,p4 #abj1 ,t4 #aee1 ,w4 #adg1 ,n4 #abj1 ,v4 #cbh4 ,,xxvii4 ,myself when young did eagerly frequent ,doctor and ,saint1 and heard great argument ,about it and about3 but evermore ,came out by the same door wherein ,i went4 ,,xxviii4 ,with them the seed of ,wisdom did ,i sow1 ,and with mine own hand wrought to make it grow2 ,and this was all the ,harvest that ,i reap'd-- ,i came like ,water1 and like ,wind ,i go4 ,these two quatrains must be considered together4 ,they are inspired by ,o4 #aba1 ,c4 #bha1 and ,o4 #gb4 ,for a while1 when young1 we frequented a teacher1 ,for a while we were contented with our proficiency2 ,behold the end of the discourse3--what happened to us8 ,we came like water and we went like wind4 ,ref43 ,o4 #aba1 ,l4 #edd1 ,b4 #ech1 ,b4 ii4 #dbj1 ,p4 v4 #ii4--,w #cec1 ,v4 #ehd4 ,being 7once7 a falcon1 ,i flew from the ,world of mystery1 ,that from below ,i might soar to the heights above2 ,but1 not finding there any intimate friend1 ,i came out by the same door wherein ,i went4#de ,ref43 ,c4 #bha1 ,l4 #dbi1 ,b4 #dbe1 ,s4,p4 #bbd1 ,p4 #cj1 ,b4 ii4 #bie1 ,t4 #ahd4--,w4 #bfd1 ,n4 #bbe1 ,v4 #dfg4 ,a quatrain that probably contributed to ,fitz,gerald's verse is3 ,no one has solved the tangled secrets of eternity1 ,no one has set foot beyond the orbit 7of human under-standing71 ,since1 so far as ,i can see1 from tyro to teacher1 ,impotent are the hands of all men born of women4 ,ref43 ,o4 #gb1 ,c4 #agf1 ,l4 #ceg1 ,b4 #cec1 ,s4,p4 #age1 ,b4 ii4 #baa1 ,p4 v4 #baj--,w4 #aij1 ,n4 #age1 ,v4 #cef4 ,,xxix4 ,into this ,universe1 and ,why not knowing ,nor ,whence1 like ,water willy-nilly flowing2 ,and out of it1 as ,wind along the ,waste1 ,i know not ,whither1 ,willy-nilly blowing4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is to be found in the following3 ,c4 #bce and ,o4 #bj 7ll4 #a and #b74 ,he first brought me in confusion into existence1 ,what do ,i gain from my life save my amazement at it8 ,we went away against our will1 and we know not what was ,the purpose of this coming1 and going1 and being4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bce1 ,l4 #cbd1 ,b4 #cbj1 ,s4,p4 #aag1 ,t4 #aec4--,w4 #ade1 ,n4 #aag1 ,v4 #cbf4 ,like water in a great river and like wind in the desert1 ,another day passes out of the period of my existence4#df ,ref43 ,o4 #bj1 ,c4 #bc and #ee1 ,l4 #hd1 ,b4 #hj1 ,s4,p4 #bb1 ,p4 ii4 #b1 ,p4 #afb1 ,b4 ii4 #bd and #hh1 ,t4 #bb and #cje1 ,p4 v4 #adj and #ahf1 ,w4 #bf1 ,n4 #bb and #db1 ,v4 #hc4 ,,xxx4 ,what1 without asking1 hither hurried ,whence8 ,and1 without asking1 ,whither hurried hence6 ,oh1 many a ,cup of this forbidden ,wine ,must drown the memory of that insolence6 ,this quatrain owes its origin to two ruba'iyat in ,o41 viz41 #ba and #aea4 ,seeing that my coming was not in my power at the ,day of ,creation1#dg ,and that my undesired departure hence is a purpose fixed 7for me71 ,get up and gird well thy loins1 ,o nimble cup-bearer1 ,for ,i will wash down the misery of the world in wine4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ba1 ,c4 #di1 ,l4 #id1 ,b4 #ij1 ,b4 ii4 #hf1 ,p4 v4 #abc4--,w4 #aaj1 ,v4 #id4 ,had ,i charge of the matter ,i would not have come1 ,and1 likewise1 could ,i control my going1 how should ,i have gone8 ,there could have been nothing better than that in this world ,i had neither come1 nor gone1 nor lived8 ,ref43 ,o4 #aeg1 ,c4 #did1 ,l4 #gcb1 ,b4 #gbj1 ,p4 #hh1 ,b4 ii4 #eij and #eic1 ,p4 iv4 #ag1 ,p4 v4 #acj4--,w4 #dij1 ,e4,c4 #cj1 ,n4 #dej1 ,v4 #ghe4 ,,xxxi4 ,up from ,earth's ,centre through the ,seventh ,gate ,i rose1 and on the ,throne of ,saturn sate1 ,and many a ,knot unravel'd by the ,road2 ,but not the ,master-knot of ,human ,fate4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #cad4 ,from the ,nadir of the earthly globe1 up to the ,zenith of ,saturn ,i solved all the problems of heaven2 ,i escaped from the bondage of all trickery and deceit1 ,all obstacles were removed save only the ,bond of ,fate4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cad1 ,l4 #dia1 ,b4 #dhg1 ,b4 ii4 #cch1 ,t4 #bae4--,w4 #cjc1 ,v4 #eca4 ,,xxxii4 ,there was the ,door to which ,i found no ,key2 ,there was the ,veil through which ,i might not see3 ,some little talk awhile of ,,me and ,,thee ,there was--and then no more of ,,thee and ,,me4 ,the main inspiration of this quatrain is found in ,c4 #chg4 ,neither thou nor ,i know the secret of ,eternity1 ,and neither thou nor ,i can de-cypher this riddle2 ,there is a talk behind the ,curtain#dh of me and thee ,but when the ,curtain falls neither thou nor ,i are there4 ,ref43 ,c4 #chg1 ,l4 #eha1 ,b4 #egd1 ,p4 #cc1 ,b4 ii4 #dba1 ,t4 #bfj4--,w4 #chi1 ,v4 #fbh4 ,we also see in the quatrain the influence of ,o4 #bi and ,c4 #aic1 ll4 #a and #b4 ,no one can pass behind the ,curtain 7that veils7 the secret1 ,the mind of no one is cognizant of what is there3#di ,ref43 ,o4 #bi1 ,c4 #ef1 ,l4 #fa1 ,b4 #eh1 ,s4,p4 #dc1 ,p4 #fc1 ,b4 ii4 #ajc1 ,p4 v4 #ahh4--,w4 #dg1 ,n4 #dd1 ,v4 #fj4 ,no one can pass behind the ,curtain of ,fate ,no one is master of the ,secret of ,destiny4 ,ref43 ,c4 #aic1 ,l4 #cde1 ,b4 #cda1 ,s4,p4 #agg1 ,b4 ii4 #bab4--,w #aib1 ,n4 #agg1 ,v4 #cdf4 ,,xxxiii499 ,earth could not answer2 nor the seas that mourn ,in flowing ,purple1 of their ,lord forlorn2 ,nor rolling ,heaven1 with all his ,signs reveal'd ,and hidden by the sleeve of ,night and ,morn4 ,this is the quatrain 7not ,no4 #ca as stated by ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright in his ,editorial ,note7 taken by ,edward ,fitz,gerald from the ,mantik ut-tair of ,ferid ud din ,attar4 ,the story which inspired it begins at distich ,no4 #igb1 and is as follows3 ,an observer of spiritual things approached the sea ,and said ,o sea1 why are you blue8 ,why do you wear the robe of mourning8 ,there is no fire1 why do you boil8 ,the sea made answer to that good-hearted one1 ,i weep for my separation from the ,friend1 ,since by reason of my impotence ,i am not worthy of ,him1 ,i have made my robe blue on account of my sorrow for ,him4 ,,xxxiv4 ,then of the ,,thee in ,,me who works behind ,the ,veil1 ,i lifted up my hands to find ,a lamp amid the ,darkness2 and ,i heard1 ,as from ,without--,,the ,,me ,,within ,,thee ,,blind6 ,that ,edward ,fitz,gerald was not following any particular ruba'iyat of the original ,,mss4 is clearly indicated by the great variation observable in the forms that this quatrain successively assumed in the first1 second and third editions4 ,it suggests an exposition of the ,sufi doctrine of the emanation of the mortal ,creature from ,god the ,creator1 and his reabsorption into ,god4 ,there is a quatrain in ,l4 7,no4 #fda7 and in ,b4 ii4 7,no4 #deg7 which is akin to it1 but ,fitz,gerald was not acquainted with these texts4 7,it is ,no4 #djj in ,w47 ,i have no doubt that ,fitz,gerald's #cdth quatrain was suggested to him by two intricate passages in the ,mantik ut-tair1 commencing respectively at distich #cjij and distich #cgce4 ,the first of these may be translated3 ,the ,creator of the ,world spoke thus to ,david from behind the ,curtain of the ,secret3 ',for everything in the world1 good or bad1 visible or invisible1 thou canst find a substitute1 but for ,me1 thou canst find neither substitute nor equal4 ,since nothing can be substituted for ,me1 do not cease to abide in ,me4 ,i am thy ,soul1 destroy not thou thy ,soul1 ,i am necessary to thee1 ,o thou my servant4 ,seek not to exist apart from ,me4' ,the second passage reads3 ,since long ago1 really1 ,i am thee1 and thou art ,me1 we two are but ,one4 ,art thou ,me1 or am ,i thee8 is there any duality in the matter8 ,either ,i am thee1 or thou art ,me1 or thou1 thou art thyself4 ,since thou art ,me and ,i am thee for ever1 our two bodies are ,one3 ,salutation6 ,,xxxv4 ,then to the ,lip of this poor earthen ,urn ,i lean'd1 the ,secret of my ,life to learn2 ,and ,lip to ,lip it murmur'd--,while you live1 ,drink6--for1 once dead1 you never shall return4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #ajj3 ,in great desire ,i pressed my lips to the lip of the jar1 ,to enquire from it how long life might be attained2 ,it joined its lip to mine and whispered1 ,drink wine6 for to this world thou returnest not4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ajj1 ,c4 #bhc1 ,l4 #ddf1 ,b4 #ddb1 ,p4 #ii1 ,b4 ii4 #cjc1 ,t4 #ahe1 ,p4 v4 #aic4--,w4 #bgd1 ,e4,c4 #be1 ,v4 #dhb4 ,c4 #dhi is a mystic and doctrinal quatrain containing the same injunction4 ,drink wine6 for ,i have told you a thousand times ,there is no returning for you2 when you are gone1 you are gone6 ,ref43 ,c4 #dhi1 ,l4 #gbc1 ,b4 #gab1 ,s4,p4 #che1 ,b4 ii4 #ebf1 ,p4 iv4 #fg1 ,p4 v4 #ajd--,w4 #dca1 ,n4 #chi1 ,v4 #gge4 ,,xxxvi4 ,i think the ,vessel1 that with fugitive ,articulation answer'd1 once did live1 ,and drink2 and ,ah6 the passive ,lip ,i kiss'd1 ,how many ,kisses might it take--and give6 ,the inspiration for this quatrain occurs in ,o4 #i4 ,this jug was once a plaintive lover1 as ,i am1 ,and was in pursuit of one of comely face2#ej ,this handle that thou seest upon its neck ,is an arm that once lay around the neck of a friend4 ,ref43 ,o4 #i1 ,c4 #dh and #dbf1 ,l4 #ha1 ,b4 #gg1 ,s4,p4 #bh1 ,p4 #ajh1 ,b4 ii4 #bh1 ,p4 v4 #adb4--,w4 #cb1 ,n4 #bh1 ,e4,c4 #e1 ,v4 #hj4 ,,xxxvii4 ,for ,i remember stopping by the way ,to watch a ,potter thumping his wet ,clay2 ,and with its all-obliterated ,tongue ,it murmur'd--,gently1 ,brother1 gently1 pray6 ,the original of this quatrain is ,o4 #hi4 ,i saw a potter in the bazaar yesterday1 ,he was violently pounding some fresh clay1 ,and that clay said to him in mystic language1 ,i was once like thee--so treat me well4 ,ref43 ,o4 #hi1 ,c4 #bfa1 ,l4 #daa1 ,b4 #djg1 ,s4,p4 #baj1 ,p4 #ajj1 ,b4 ii4 #bgd1 ,p4 iv4 #ga1 ,p4 v4 #aih4--,w4 #beb1 ,n4 #baa1 ,v4 #dcd4 ,,xxxviii499 ,and has not such a ,story from of ,old ,down ,man's successive generations roll'd ,of such a clod of saturated ,earth ,cast by the maker into ,human mould8 ,this quatrain1 which is in the nature of a reflection upon the three preceding ones1 conveys an idea which is constantly recurrent in the ruba'iyat4 ,edward ,fitz,gerald himself records1 in a note1 that1 in composing this quatrain1 he had in mind a very beautiful story in the ,mantik ut-tair of the water of a certain well which1 ordinarily sweet1 became bitter when drawn in a vessel made from clay which once had been a man4 ,for its inclusion in this poem ,fitz,gerald had the support of two 7among many7 quatrains from ,c4 #dge and #dhh4 ,i pondered over the workshop of a potter2 ,in the shadow of the wheel ,i saw that the master1 with his feet1 ,made handles and covers for goblets and jars1 ,out of the skulls of kings and the feet of beggars4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dge1 ,l4 #fih1 ,b4 #fhi1 ,s4,p4 #dbf1 ,p4 #ajc1 ,b4 ii4 #egf4--,w4 #dff1 ,n4 #dca1 ,v4 #gej4 ,i made my way into the 7abode of the7 potters of the age1 ,every moment shewed some new skill with clay2 ,i saw1 though men devoid of vision saw it not1 ,my ancestors' dust on the hands of every potter4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dhh1 ,l4 #gba1 ,b4 #gaj1 ,p4 #aja1 ,b4 ii4 #edc4--,w #dic1 ,v4 #ggc4 ,,xxxix499 ,and not a drop that from our ,cups we throw ,for ,earth to ,drink of1 but may steal below ,to quench the fire of ,anguish in some ,eye ,there hidden--far beneath and long ago4 ,this quatrain is taken from ll4 #a and #b of ,o4 #ha ,every draught that the ,cup-bearer scatters upon the earth ,quenches the fire of anguish in some burning eye4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ha1 ,c4 #ahj1 ,l4 #cfg1 ,b4 #cfc1 ,s4,p4 #ahh1 ,p4 #bca1 ,b4 ii4 #bda1 ,p4 v4 #ahg4--,w4 #bjc1 ,n4 #ahh1 ,v4 #cff4 ,,xl499 ,as then the ,tulip for her morning sup ,of ,heav'nly ,vintage from the soil looks up1 ,do you devoutly do the like1 till ,heav'n ,to ,earth invert you--like an empty ,cup4 ,the original of this quatrain is ,c4 #cg4 ,like a tulip in the spring uplift your cup2 ,if you get a 7happy7 opportunity with a moon-faced one1 ,drink wine with cheerfulness1 for this worn-out sky ,will suddenly invert you to the level of the earth4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cg1 ,l4 #acf1 ,b4 #acc1 ,s4,p4 #ci1 ,b4 ii4 #hd1 ,t4 #dj and #caa4--,w #dd1 ,n4 #dj1 ,v4 #ace4 ,,xli499 ,perplext no more with ,human or ,divine1 ,to-morrow's tangle to the winds resign1 ,and lose your fingers in the tresses of ,the ,cypress-slender ,minister of ,wine4 ,the sentiment of this quatrain is very recurrent4 ,i think that ,fitz,gerald's first inspiration comes from ,o4 #gc4 ,set limits to thy desire for worldly things and live content1 ,sever the bonds of thy dependence upon the good and bad of life1 ,take wine in hand and 7play with7 the curls of a loved one2 for quickly ,all passeth away--and these few days will not remain4 ,ref43 ,o4 #gc1 ,c4 #agi1 ,l4 #bef1 ,b4 #bec1 ,s4,p4 #agf4--,w4 #aia1 ,n4 #agf1 ,v4 #bfb4 ,ll4 #c and #d of ,o4 #aah suggest the quatrain also4 ,let us cease to strive after our long delaying hope#ea ,and play with long ringlets and the handle of the lute4 ,ref43 ,o4 #aah1 ,l4 #ega1 ,b4 #efd1 ,s4,p4 #bic1 ,b4 ii4 #cia4--,w4 #ccb1 ,n4 #bid1 ,v4 #faa4 ,ll4 #a and #b of ,o4 #aca are also in point3 ,flee from the study of all sciences--'tis better thus1 ,and twine thy fingers in the curly locks of a loved one--'tis better thus4 ,ref43 ,o4 #aca1 ,c4 #ddc1 ,l4 #fgj1 ,b4 #ffb1 ,s4,p4 #cef1 ,p4 #bif1 ,b4 ii4 #dhj1 ,t4 #bgf1 ,p4 v4 #aeh4--,w4 #dbf1 ,n4 #cei1 ,v4 #gai4 ,fitz,gerald was probably reminded of these by ,nicolas whose quatrains #dh1 #aee1 and #cei 7,c4 #ddc7 convey the same idea4 ,,xlii4 ,and if the ,wine you drink1 the ,lip you press1 ,end in what ,all begins and ends in--,yes2 ,think then you are ,,to-,,day what ,,yesterday ,you were--,,to-,,morrow you shall not be less4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is contained in the following1 ,o4 #ajb and ,c4 #dab4 ,khayyam1 if thou art drunk with wine1#eb be happy1 ,if thou reposest with one tulip-cheeked1 be happy1 ,since the end of all things is that thou wilt be naught1 ,whilst thou art1 imagine that thou art not--be happy6 ,ref43 ,o4 #ajb1 ,c4 #bia1 ,l4 #ded1 ,b4 #dej1 ,s4,p4 #bda1 ,p4 #bjb1 ,b4 ii4 #cbb1 ,t4 #aib and #bif1 ,p4 iv4 #bf1 ,p4 v4 #e4--,w4 #bhb1 ,n4 #bdb1 ,v4 #dic4 ,remember not the day that has passed away from thee1 ,be not hard upon the morrow that has not come1 ,think not about thine own coming or departure1 ,drink wine now1 and fling not thy life to the winds4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dab1 ,l4 #fai1 ,b4 #faa1 ,p4 #aaf1 ,b4 ii4 #ddd1 ,p4 v4 #aba4--,v4 #fff4 ,,xliii4 ,so when that ,angel of the darker ,drink ,at last shall find you by the river-brink1 ,and1 offering his ,cup1 invite your ,soul ,forth to your ,lips to quaff--you shall not shrink4 ,this quatrain owes its origin to ,c4 #bef4ec ,in the circle of the firmament1 whose depths are invisible1 ,there is a cup which1 in due time1 they will cause all to drink2 ,when thy turn comes1 do not utter lamentations1 ,drink wine gaily for it has come to be thy turn4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bef1 ,l4 #djh1 ,b4 #djd1 ,b4 ii4 #bgc4--,w4 #bed1 ,v4 #dca4 ,,xliv4 ,why1 if the ,soul can fling the ,dust aside1 ,and naked on the ,air of ,heaven ride1 ,were't not a ,shame--were't not a ,shame for him ,in this clay carcase crippled to abide8 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #ade4 ,oh ,soul6 if thou canst purify thyself from the dust of the body1 ,thou1 naked spirit1 canst soar in the heavens1 ,the ,empyrean is thy sphere--let it be thy shame1 ,that thou comest and art a dweller within the confines of earth4#ed ,ref43 ,o4 #ade1 ,c4 #ddg1 ,l4 #gjg1 ,b4 #fig1 ,s4,p4 #chi1 ,p4 #aaa1 ,b4 ii4 #ebc4--,w4 #dcf1 ,n4 #cid1 ,e4,c4 #g1 ,v4 #gei4 ,,xlv4 ',tis but a ,tent where takes his one day's rest ,a ,sultan to the realm of ,death addrest2 ,the ,sultan rises1 and the dark ,ferrash ,strikes1 and prepares it for another ,guest4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 no4 #aaj4 ,khayyam6 thy body surely resembles a tent2 ,the soul is a ,sultan and the halting-place is the perishable world1 ,the ferrash of fate1 preparing for the next halting-place1 ,will overthrow this tent when the ,sultan has arisen4#ee ,ref43 ,c4 #aaj1 ,l4 #ajj1 ,b4 #if1 ,s4,p4 #hj1 ,b4 ii4 #ie1 ,t4 #hf1 ,p4 v4 #agb4--,w4 #hb1 ,n4 #hj1 ,v4 #ajj4 ,,xlvi499 ,and fear not lest ,existence closing your ,account1 and mine1 should know the like no more2 ,the ,eternal ,saki from that ,bowl has pour'd ,millions of ,bubbles like us1 and will pour4 ,fitz,gerald was indebted for this quatrain to ,n4 #acg4 ,the original ruba'i is not in ,o4 or ,c4 ,khayyam6 although the pavilion of heaven ,has spread its tent and closed the door upon all discussion1 ,in the goblet of existence1 like bubbles of wine ,the ,eternal ,saki brings to light a thousand ,khayyams4 ,ref43 ,n4 #acg1ef ,w4 #afa1 ,v4 #cig4 ,,xlvii499 ,when ,you and ,i behind the ,veil are past1 ,oh1 but the long1 long while the ,world shall last1 ,which of our ,coming and ,departure heeds ,as the ,sea's self should heed a pebble-cast4 ,in this quatrain ,fitz,gerald is reminded of ,o4 #bf and #ea by ,n4 #abc4 ,know this--that from thy soul thou shalt be separated1 ,thou shalt pass behind the ,curtain of the ,secrets of ,god4 ,ref43 ,o4 #bf1 ,c4 #hc1 ,l4 #aib1 ,b4 #ahi1 ,s4,p4 #he1 ,b4 ii4 #aaj1 ,t4 #fd1 ,p4 v4 ,j #cd4--,w4 #hg1 ,n4 #he1 ,v4 #ahh4 ,my coming was of no profit to the heavenly sphere1#eg ,and by my departure nothing will be added to its beauty and dignity4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ea1 ,c4 #abi1 ,l4 #bcb1 ,b4 #bbi1 ,s4,p4 #aeg1 ,p4 #ee1 ,b4 ii4 #aeh1 ,t4 #ajd4--,w4 #agf1 ,n4 #aeg1 ,e4,c4 #ag1 ,v4 #bci4 ,oh6 how long we shall be no more1 and the world will continue to exist1 ,it will continue to exist without fame or sign of us1 ,long ago we existed not1 and 7the world7 was none the worse for it1 ,afterwards1 when we have ceased to exist1 it will be all the same4 ,ref43 ,n4 #abc1 ,w4 #aej1 ,v4 #cie4 ,,xlviii4 ,a ,moment's ,halt--a momentary taste ,of ,,being from the ,well amidst the waste-- ,and ,lo6--the phantom ,caravan has reach'd ,the ,,nothing it set out from--,oh1 make haste6 ,we must consider here the form in which this quatrain first made its appearance in the edition of #ahei3 ,one ,moment in ,annihilation's ,waste1 ,one ,moment1 of the ,well of ,life to taste-- ,the stars are setting1 and the ,caravan ,starts for the ,dawn of ,nothing--,oh1 make haste6 ,the inspiration for this richly varied quatrain comes from ,o4 #fj4 ,this caravan of life passes by mysteriously2 ,mayest thou seize the moment that passes happily6 ,cup-bearer1 why grieve about the to-morrow of thy patrons8#eh ,give us a cup of wine1 for the night wanes4 ,ref43 ,o4 #fj1 ,c4 #ace1 ,l4 #bde1 ,b4 #bdb1 ,p4 #bbc1 ,s4,p4 #ajf1 ,b4 ii4 #adf1 ,t4 #aci4--,w4 #acf1 ,n4 #ajf1 ,v4 #bea4 ,ll4 #c and #d of ,c4 #cfh may also be quoted3 7,man is7 a toil-stricken being1 fashioned in the clay of affliction1 ,he tasted of ,earth for a time and passed away4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cfh1 ,l4 #eff1 ,b4 #eei1 ,s4,p4 #cja1 ,b4 ii4 #djd1 ,t4 #bdb4--,w4 #cch1 ,n4 #cjb1 ,v4 #fjf4 ,,xlix499 ,would you that spangle of ,existence spend ,about ,,the ,,secret--quick about it1 ,friend6 ,a ,hair perhaps divides the ,false and ,true-- ,and upon what1 prithee1 may life depend8 ,l499 ,a ,hair perhaps divides the ,false and ,true2 ,yes2 and a single ,alif were the clue-- ,could you but find it--to the ,treasure-house1 ,and peradventure to ,,the ,,master too2 ,this pair of quatrains must also be considered together4 ,the idea contained in them is1 ,i think1 collected from ,c4 #dhb and #ai1 and from ,o4 #bh4 ,oh ,boy6 since thou art learned in all secrets1 ,why grieve so much after vain cares8 ,if things will not shape themselves according to thy desire1 ,at any rate be happy in this moment of thy existence4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dhb1 ,l4 #gad1 ,b4 #gjc1 ,s4,p4 #dad1 ,b4 ii4 #efj4--,w4 #deh1 ,n4 #dai1 ,v4 #gff4 ,from the state of infidelity to that of faith is but a breath1 ,and from a state of doubt to that of certainty is but a breath1 ,hold thou dear this one precious moment1 ,for of the outcome of our being there is but a moment4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ai1 ,l4 #aca1 ,b4 #abg1 ,s4,p4 #bj1 ,b4 ii4 #bb1 ,t4 #bj4--,w4 #bd1 ,n4 #bj1 ,v4 #acj4 ,my ,heart said to me3 ,i have a longing for inspired knowledge1 ,teach me if thou art able1 ,i said the ,alif4 ,my ,heart said3 ,say no more4 ,if ,one is in the house1 one letter is enough4#ei ,ref43 ,o4 #bh4--,w4 #aji4 ,,li499 ,whose secret ,presence1 through ,creation's veins ,running ,quicksilver-like eludes your pains2 ,taking all shapes from ,mah to ,mahi2 and ,they change and perish all--but ,he remains2 ,in this quatrain ,fitz,gerald has made a masterly conversion of ,c4 #gb4 ,that ,moon which is by nature skilled in metamorphosis ,is sometimes animal and sometimes vegetable1 ,do not imagine that it will become non-existent--away with thought6 ,it is always possessed of its essence though its qualities cease to be4#fj ,ref43 ,c4 #gb1 ,l4 #agi1 ,b4 #agf1 ,s4,p4 #gc1 ,b4 ii4 #ca1 ,t4 #ea4--,w4 #ge1 ,n4 #gc1 ,v4 #age4 ,c4 #dj may also be cited4 ,place wine in my hand for my heart is aglow1 ,and this fleet-footed existence is like quicksilver4 ,arise6 for the wakefulness of good fortune turns to slumber2 ,know thou that the fire of youth is 7fugitive7 like water4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dj1 ,l4 #fc1 ,b4 #fj1 ,s4,p4 #ed1 ,t4 #de4--,w4 #eg1 ,n4 #ed1 ,v4 #fb4 ,from ,mah to ,mahi--i4e41 from ,moon to ,fish is a common ,oriental metaphor for universality4 ,see ,fitz,gerald's note on this subject1 and the ,terminal ,essay to my former volume1 p4 #cji4 ,,lii499 ,a moment guess'd--then back behind the ,fold ,immerst of ,darkness round the ,drama roll'd ,which1 for the ,pastime of ,eternity1 ,he doth ,himself contrive1 enact1 behold4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #dgi4 ,hidden sometimes thou shewest thy face to none1 ,sometimes thou appearest in the forms of created beings1 ,thou exhibitest this spectacle to thyself4 ,thou art thyself both the real thing seen and the spectator4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dgi1 ,l4 #gje1 ,b4 #fie1 ,s4,p4 #dcg4--,w4 #dge1 ,n4 #ddc1 ,v4 #geg4 ,,liii499 ,but if in vain1 down on the stubborn floor ,of ,earth1 and up to ,heav'n's unopening ,door1 ,you gaze ,,to-,,day1 while ,you are ,you--how then ,,to-,,morrow1 when ,you shall be ,you no more8 ,the original of this quatrain is ,c4 #bd4 ,if the heart understood the secret of existence as it is1 ,in death it would know all the secrets of ,god3 ,if to-day thou knowest nothing1 being with thyself1 ,what wilt thou know to-morrow when thou abandonest thyself8 ,ref43 ,c4 #bd1 ,l4 #gh1 ,b4 #gd1 ,s4,p4 #di1 ,p4 #he1 ,b4 ii4 #ajf1 ,t4 #be4--,w4 #eb1 ,n4 #di4 ,v4 #gg4 ,,liv4 ,waste not your ,hour1 nor in the vain pursuit ,of this and ,that endeavour and dispute2 ,better be jocund with the fruitful ,grape ,than sadden after none1 or ,bitter1 ,fruit4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain comes from ,o4 #ej and ,o4 #ajg3 ,those who are the slaves of intellect and hair-splitting1#fa ,have perished in bickerings about existence and non-existence2 ,go1 thou dunce6 and choose 7rather7 grape juice1 ,for the ignorant from 7eating7 dry raisins1 have become 7like7 unripe grapes 7themselves74#fb ,ref43 ,o4 #ej1 ,l4 #bfb1 ,t4 #ajb1 ,p4 v4 #afd4--,w4 #baf1 ,v4 #bfg4 ,how long this talk about the eternity to come1 and the eternity past8#fc ,now is the time of joy1 there is no substitute for wine6 ,both theory and practice have passed beyond my ken1 7,but7 ,wine unties the knot of every difficulty4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ajg1 ,c4 #cab1 ,l4 #dhi1 ,b4 #dhe1 ,b4 ii4 #cda1 ,t4 #bac1 ,p4 v4 #bjg4--,w4 #cjd1 ,v4 #bei4 ,,lv4 ,you know1 my friends1 with what a brave ,carouse ,i made a ,second ,marriage in my house2 ,divorced old barren ,reason from my ,bed1 ,and took the ,daughter of the ,vine to ,spouse4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #age4 ,i will fill a one-maund goblet with wine1 ,i will enrich myself with two half-maunds of wine3 ,first ,i will thrice pronounce the divorce from learning and faith1#fd ,and then ,i will take the daughter of the vine#fe to spouse4 ,ref43 ,c4 #age1 ,l4 #bfg1 ,b4 #bfc1 ,p4 #bhh1 ,p4 v4 #bji4--,v4 #bga4 ,,lvi4 ,for ,,is and ,,is-,,not though with ,rule and ,line ,and ,,up-,,and-,,down by ,logic ,i define1 ,of all that one should care to fathom1 ,i ,was never deep in anything but--,wine4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #abj3 ,i know the outwardness of existence and non-existence1#ff ,i know the inwardness of all that is high and low2 ,nevertheless let me be ashamed of#fg my own knowledge ,if ,i recognise any degree higher than drunkenness4 ,ref43 ,o4 #abj1 ,l4 #ebc1 ,b4 #eah1 ,s4,p4 #bii1 ,p4 #bfe1 ,b4 ii4 #dji1 ,p4 v4 #ch4--,w4 #ccf1 ,n4 #cjj1 ,v4 #efc4 ,,lvii499 ,ah1 but my ,computations1 ,people say1 ,reduced the ,year to better reckoning8--,nay1 ',twas only striking from the ,calendar ,unborn ,to-morrow and dead ,yesterday4 ,this quatrain owes its inspiration to ,c4 #cha and ,o4 #bj1 ll4 #c and #d3 ,my enemies erroneously have called me a philosopher1#fh ,god knows ,i am not what they have called me2 ,but1 as ,i have come into this nesting place of sorrow1 ,in the end ,i am in a still worse plight1 for ,i know not who ,i am4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cha1 ,l4 #ehj1 ,b4 #egc1 ,b4 ii4 #chc1 ,t4 #bei4--,w4 #cej1 ,v4 #fai4 ,never has grief lingered in my mind concerning two days1#fi ,the day that has not yet come1 and the day that is past4 ,ref43 ,o4 #bj1 ,c4 #bc and #ee1 ,l4 #hd1 ,s4,p4 #bb1 ,b4 #hj1 ,p4 #afb1 ,b4 ii4 #bd and #hh1 ,p4 ii4 #b1 ,t4 #bb and #cje1 ,p4 v4 #adj and #ahf4--,w4 #bf1 ,n4 #bb and #db1 ,v4 #hc4 ,,lviii4 ,and lately1 by the ,tavern ,door agape1 ,came shining through the ,dusk an ,angel ,shape ,bearing a vessel on his ,shoulder2 and ,he bid me taste of it2 and 'twas--the ,grape6 ,this quatrain is a refined version of ,c4 #big4 ,yesterday1 whilst drunk1 ,i was passing a tavern1 ,i saw a drunken old man bearing a vessel on his shoulder4 ,i said1 ,old man1 does not ,god make thee ashamed8 ,he replied1 ,god is merciful1 go1 drink wine6 ,ref43 ,c4 #big1 ,l4 #dfb1 ,b4 #deh1 ,s4,p4 #bdc1 ,p4 #bgh1 ,t4 #aig4--,w4 #bhd1 ,n4 #bdd1 ,v4 #eja4 ,,lix4 ,the ,grape that can with ,logic absolute ,the ,two-and-,seventy jarring ,sects confute2 ,the sovereign ,alchemist that in a trice ,life's leaden metal into ,gold transmute2 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #gg4 ,drink wine1 that will banish thine abundant woes4 ,and will banish thought of the ,seventy-two ,sects2 ,avoid not the ,alchemist1#gj from whom ,thou takest one draught1 and he banishes a thousand calamities4 ,ref43 ,o4 #gg1 ,c4 #afe1 ,l4 #cje1 ,b4 #cja1 ,s4,p4 #agi1 ,p4 #bhc1 ,t4 #aab1 ,p4 v4 #aeb4--,w4 #aid1 ,v4 #cjh4 ,,lx4 ,the mighty ,mahmud1 ,allah-breathing ,lord1 ,that all the misbelieving and black ,horde ,of ,fears and ,sorrows that infest the ,soul ,scatters before him with his whirlwind ,sword4 ,this reference to ,mahmoud the ,ghasnavide1 who made war upon the black infidels of ,hindostan1 comes from an apologue in the ,mantik ut-tair of ,ferid ud din ,attar1 7beginning at distich #caag74 ,the last two lines come from ,o4 #ha1 ll4 #c and #d4 ,praise be to ,god6 thou realizest that wine ,is a juice that frees thy heart from a hundred pains4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ha1 ,c4 #ahj1 ,l4 #cfg1 ,b4 #cfc1 ,s4,p4 #ahh1 ,p4 #bca1 ,b4 ii4 #bda1 ,p4 v4 #ahg4--,w4 #bjc1 ,n4 #ahh1 ,v4 #cff4 ,,lxi499 ,why1 be this ,juice the growth of ,god1 who dare ,blaspheme the twisted tendril as a ,snare8 ,a ,blessing1 we should use it1 should we not8 ,and if a ,curse--,why1 then1 ,who set it there8 ,the inspiration for this quatrain is contained in ,o4 #ge4 ,i drink wine1 and everyone drinks who1 like me1 is worthy of it2 ,my wine-drinking is but a small thing to ,him2 ,god knew on the ,day of ,creation1 that ,i should drink wine2 ,if ,i do not drink wine ,god's knowledge would be ignorance4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ge1 ,c4 #bjb1 ,l4 #cef1 ,b4 #ceb1 ,s4,p4 #ahb1 ,p4 #cbd1 ,b4 ii4 #bcd1 ,t4 #abi1 ,p4 v4 #aha4--,w4 #aig1 ,n4 #ahb1 ,v4 #cee4 ,,lxii499 ,i must abjure the ,balm of ,life1 ,i must1 ,scared by some ,after-reckoning ta'en on trust1 ,or lured with ,hope of some ,diviner ,drink1 ,to fill the ,cup--when crumbled into ,dust6 ,this quatrain is taken from ,c4 #eje and ,o4 #adc1 ll4 #c and #d4 ,they say1 ,do not drink wine for thou wilt suffer for it1 ,on the ,day of ,rewards thou wilt be cast into the fire4 ,that is so2 but what is worth both the worlds ,is the moment when thou art elated with wine4 ,ref43 ,c4 #eje1 ,l4 #gdh1 ,b4 #gcd1 ,p4 #bej1 ,b4 ii4 #ehg4--,v4 #hjj4 ,make thyself a heaven here with wine and cup1 ,for at that place where heaven is1 thou mayst arrive1 or mayst not4 ,ref43 ,o4 #adc1 ,c4 #die4 ,l4 #gcc1 ,b4 #gba1 ,s4,p4 #cgi1 ,p4 #bji1 ,b4 ii4 #ebi1 ,p4 v4 #abi4--,w4 #dbg1 ,n4 #chc1 ,v4 #ghf4 ,,lxiii4 ,oh threats of ,hell and ,hopes of ,paradise6 ,one thing at least is certain--,this ,life flies2 ,one thing is certain and the rest is ,lies2 ,the ,flower that once has blown for ever dies4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain comes from ,o4 #ce of which ll4 #a and #b are quoted as parallel to quatrain ,no4 #bd ante4 ,take care that thou tellest not this hidden secret to anyone ,the tulips that are withered will never bloom again4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ce1 ,c4 #hj1 ,l4 #ahh1 ,b4 #ahe1 ,p4 #bhd1 ,t4 #fj4--,w4 #ajg1 ,v4 #ahd4 ,,lxiv499 ,strange1 is it not8 that of the myriads who ,before us pass'd the door of ,darkness through1 ,not one returns to tell us of the ,road1 ,which to discover we must travel too4 ,this is a constantly recurring image in the ruba'iyat4 ,c4 #cf and #bgj may be cited3 ,i have travelled far in a wandering by valley and desert1 ,it came to pass ,i wandered in all quarters of the world1 ,i have not heard from anyone who came from that road1 ,the road he has travelled1 no traveller travels again4 ,ref43 ,c4 #cf1 ,l4 #eg1 ,b4 #ed4 ,t4 #ci4--,w4 #abi1 ,v4 #ef4 ,of all the travellers upon this long road1 ,where is he that has returned1 that he may tell us the secret8 ,take heed that in this mansion 7by way of metaphor7 ,thou leavest nothing1 for thou wilt not come back4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bgj1 ,l4 #dbd1 ,b4 #dbj1 ,s4,p4 #baf1 ,p4 #aba1 ,b4 ii4 #bhf1 ,p4 v4 #i4--,w4 #beh1 ,n4 #bag1 ,v4 #dfb4 ,c4 #baa and #bgg contain the same image4 ,,lxv499 ,the ,revelations of ,devout and ,learn'd ,who rose before us1 and as ,prophets burn'd1 ,are all but ,stories1 which1 awoke from ,sleep1 ,they told their comrades1 and to ,sleep return'd4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #abg4 ,those who have become oceans of excellence and cultivation1 ,and from the collection of their perfections have become lights of their fellows1 ,have not made a road out of this dark night1 ,they have told a fable and have gone to sleep4 ,ref43 ,c4 #abg1 ,l4 #bfa1 ,b4 #beh1 ,p4 #hf1 ,t4 #aja4--,w4 #bji1 ,n4 #dfd1 ,v4 #bff4 ,,lxvi499 ,i sent my ,soul through the ,invisible1 ,some letter of that ,after-life to spell3 ,and by and by my ,soul return'd to me1 ,and answer'd1 ,i myself am ,heav'n and ,hell3 ,this quatrain is inspired by ,o4 #ae4 ,already on the ,day of ,creation1 beyond the heavens1 my soul ,searched for the ,tablet and ,pen1 and for heaven and hell1 ,at last the ,teacher said to me with ,his enlightened judgment1 ,tablet and ,pen1 and heaven and hell1 are within thyself4#ga ,ref43 ,o4 #ae1 ,l4 #ei1 ,b4 #ef1 ,p4 #aad1 ,b4 ii4 #fi1 ,p4 v4 #gi--,w4 #aad1 ,v4 #eh4 ,,lxvii499 ,heav'n but the ,vision of fulfill'd ,desire1 ,and ,hell the ,shadow from a ,soul on fire1 ,cast on the ,darkness into which ,ourselves1 ,so late emerged from1 shall so soon expire4 ,the inspiration for this verse comes from ,o4 #cc4 ,the heavenly vault is a girdle 7cast7 from my weary body4 ,jihun#gb is a water-course worn by my filtered tears1 ,hell is a spark from my useless worries1 ,paradise is a moment of time when ,i am tranquil4 ,ref43 ,o4 #cc1 ,c4 #ij1 ,l4 #aii1 ,b4 #aif1 ,s4,p4 #ij1 ,p4 #adh1 ,t4 #gj1 ,p4 v4 #ahc4--,w4 #ib1 ,n4 #ij1 ,v4 #aie4 ,fitz,gerald's verse was evidently also influenced by distich #ahff of the ,mantik ut-tair4 ,heaven and hell are reflections1 the one of thy goodness1 and the other of thy wrath4 ,,lxviii4 ,we are no other than a moving row ,of ,magic ,shadow-shapes that come and go ,round with the ,sun-illumined ,lantern held ,in ,midnight by the ,master of the ,show2 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #ajh4 ,this vault of heaven beneath which we stand bewildered1 ,we know to be a sort of magic-lantern3#gc ,know thou that the sun is the flame and the universe is the lamp1 ,we are like figures that revolve in it4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ajh1 ,c4 #ccb1 ,l4 #eje1 ,b4 #eja1 ,s4,p4 #bff1 ,p4 #dj1 ,b4 ii4 #cef1 ,p4 iv4 #cd4--,w4 #caj1 ,n4 #bfg1 ,e4,c4 #bh1 de ,t4 #aj1 ,v4 #ede4 ,,lxix4 ,but helpless ,pieces of the ,game ,he plays ,upon this ,chequer-board of ,nights and ,days2 ,hither and thither moves1 and checks1 and slays1 ,and one by one back in the ,closet lays4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #id4 ,to speak plain language1 and not in parables1 ,we are the pieces and heaven plays the game1 ,we are played together in a baby-game upon the chess-board of existence1 ,and one by one we return to the box of non-existence4 ,ref43 ,o4 #id1 ,c4 #bhj1 ,l4 #ddc1 ,b4 #dci1 ,s4,p4 #bcj1 ,p4 #ca1 ,b4 ii4 #bia1 ,t4 #ahc1 ,p4 v4 #aj4--,w4 #bgj1 ,n4 #bca1 ,e4,c4 #bg1 ,v4 #dhj4 ,,lxx4 ,the ,ball no question makes of ,ayes and ,noes ,but ,here or ,there as strikes the ,player goes2 ,and ,he that toss'd you down into the ,field1 ,he knows about it all--,,he knows--,,he knows6 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #dbb4 ,o thou who art driven like a ball by the mallet of ,fate1 ,go to the right or take the left1 but say nothing2#gd ,for ,he who set thee running and galloping ,he knows1 he knows1 he knows1 he----4 ,ref43 ,c4 #dbb1 ,l4 #fcc1 ,b4 #fbe1 ,p4 #afg1 ,b4 ii4 #dfb1 ,t4 #bgd4--,w4 #dja1 ,v4 #fhb4 ,,lxxi4 ,the ,moving ,finger writes2 and1 having writ1 ,moves on3 nor all your ,piety nor ,wit ,shall lure it back to cancel half a ,line1 ,nor all your ,tears wash out a ,word of it4 ,the origin of this quatrain is to be found in ,o4 #ca ,from the beginning#ge was written what shall be2 ,unhaltingly the ,pen 7writes7 and is heedless of good and bad2 ,on the ,first ,day ,he appointed everything that must be-- ,our grief and our efforts are vain4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ca1 ,c4 #hg1 ,l4 #aie1 ,b4 #aib1 ,s4,p4 #ca1 ,b4 ii4 #fj1 ,t4 #fg1 ,p4 v4 #baa4--,w4 #ce1 ,n4 #ca1 ,v4 #aia4 ,,lxxii4 ,and that inverted ,bowl they call the ,sky1 ,whereunder crawling coop'd we live and die1 ,lift not your hands to ,it for help--for ,it ,as ,impotently moves as you or ,i4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain comes from ,o4 #acd1 ll4 #a and #b1 and ,o4 #da4 ,this heavenly vault is like a bowl fallen upside down1 ,under which all the wise have fallen helpless4 ,ref43 ,o4 #acd1 ,c4 #dce1 ,l4 #feg1 ,b4 #fdi1 ,s4,p4 #cfj1 ,p4 #cd1 ,b4 ii4 #dha1 ,p4 v4 #aed4--,w4 #djh1 ,n4 #cfc1 ,v4 #gjf4 ,the good and the bad that are in man's nature1 ,the happiness and misery that are predestined for us1 ,do not impute them to the heavens1 for1 in the way of ,wisdom1 ,those heavens are a thousandfold more helpless than thou art4 ,ref43 ,o4 #da1 ,c4 #fb1 ,l4 #hj1 ,b4 #gf1 ,s4,p4 #ie1 ,p4 #de4--,w4 #if1 ,n4 #ie1 ,v4 #gi4 ,,lxxiii4 ,with ,earth's first ,clay ,they did the ,last ,man knead1 ,and there of the ,last ,harvest sow'd the ,seed3 ,and the first ,morning of ,creation wrote ,what the ,last ,dawn of ,reckoning shall read4 ,in this quatrain we trace the influence of ,o4 #ca 7quoted in the parallel to quatrain ,no4 #ga1 ante7 and of ,o4 #ie4 ,oh1 heart6 since1 in this world1 truth itself is hyperbole1 ,why art thou so disquieted with this trouble and abasement8 ,resign thy body to destiny and adapt thyself to the times1 ,for1 what the ,pen has written1 it will not re-write for thy sake4#gf ,ref43 ,o4 #ie1 ,l4 #dcj1 ,b4 #dbf1 ,s4,p4 #bae1 ,p4 #ei1 ,b4 ii4 #bib4--,w4 #beg1 ,n4 #baf1 ,e4,c4 #ae1 ,v4 #dfh4 ,,lxxiv499 ,,yesterday ,this ,day's ,madness did prepare2 ,,to-,,morrow',s ,silence1 ,triumph1 or ,despair3 ,drink6 for you know not whence you came1 nor why ,drink6 for you know not why you go1 nor where4 ,the first half of this quatrain comes from ,o4 #aeb and the second half from ,o4 #bf1 ll4 #c and #d4 ,be happy6 they settled thy business yesterday1 ,and beyond the reach of all thy longings is yesterday1 ,live happily1 for without any importunity on thy part yesterday1 ,they appointed with certainty what thou wilt do to-morrow--yesterday6 ,ref43 ,o4 #aeb1 ,c4 #dgc1 ,l4 #gjb1 ,b4 ii4 #efd1 ,p4 v4 #aif4--,w4 #dhi1 ,v4 #ged4 ,be happy6--thou knowest not whence thou hast come3 ,drink wine6--thou knowest not whither thou shalt go4 ,ref43 ,o4 #bf1 ,c4 #hc1 ,l4 #aib1 ,b4 #ahi1 ,s4,p4 #he1 ,b4 ii4 #aaj1 ,t4 #fd1 ,p4 v4 #cd4--,w #hg1 ,n4 #he1 ,v4 #ahh4 ,,lxxv4 ,i tell you this--,when1 started from the ,goal1 ,over the flaming shoulders of the ,foal ,of ,heav'n1 ,parwin and ,mushtari they flung1 ,in my predestined ,plot of ,dust and ,soul4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #adg4 ,on that day when they saddled the wild horses of the ,sun1 ,and settled the laws of ,parwin and ,mushtari1#gg ,this was the lot decreed for me from the ,diwan of ,fate3 ,how can ,i sin8 7my sins7 are what ,fate allotted me as my portion4 ,ref43 ,c4 #adg1 ,l4 #bhf1 ,b4 #bhb1 ,s4,p4 #aaj4--,w4 #adj1 ,n4 #aaj1 ,v4 #bhi4 ,,lxxvi4 ,the ,vine had struck a fibre2 which about ,if clings my ,being--let the ,dervish flout2 ,of my ,base metal may be filed a ,key1 ,that shall unlock the ,door he howls without4 ,the sentiment of this quatrain is contained in ,c4 #adc4 ,since ,eternity itself was ,he created me1 ,from the first he dictated to me the lesson of love1 ,at that time a small filing of the dust of my heart1 ,he made into a key of the treasure-house of substance4#gh ,ref43 ,c4 #adc1 ,l4 #caa1 ,b4 #cjg1 ,p4 #ha1 ,t4 #acd4--,v4 #cad4 ,,lxxvii4 ,and this ,i know2 whether the one ,true ,light ,kindle to ,love1 or ,wrath-consume me quite1 ,one ,flash of ,it within the ,tavern caught ,better than in the ,temple lost outright4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #b4 ,if ,i talk of the mystery with ,thee in a tavern1 ,it is better than if ,i make my devotions before the ,mihrab#gi without ,thee4 ,o ,thou1 the first and last of all created beings1 ,burn me an ,thou wilt1 cherish me an ,thou wilt4 ,ref43 ,o4 #b1 ,c4 #bgb1 ,l4 #dbg1 ,b4 #dbc1 ,s4,p4 #bba1 ,p4 #g1 ,b4 ii4 #bid1 ,t4 #agb4--,w4 #bfb1 ,n4 #bbb1 ,v4 #dfe4 ,,lxxviii499 ,what6 out of senseless ,nothing to provoke ,a conscious ,something to resent the yoke ,of unpermitted ,pleasure1 under pain ,of everlasting ,penalties1 if broke6 ,it is not easy to deal with this and the three following quatrains separately1 the sentiments of all four being closely interchangeable and largely identical4 ,to avoid confusion1 however1 ,i have attempted the task4 ,there are some scores of ruba'iyat that may be said to have contributed their imageries to the quatrain4 ,the main sources of the first of them seem to be ,c4 #he and ,n4 #bbf3 ,god1 when he fashioned the clay of my body1 ,knew by my making what would come of it2 7,since7 there is no sin of mine without his order ,why should he seek to burn me at the ,day of ,resurrection8 ,ref43 ,c4 #he1 ,l4 #aid1 ,b4 #aia1 ,s4,p4 #ii1 ,p4 #ah1 ,t4 #ff4--,w4 #ajj1 ,n4 #ii1 ,v4 #aij4 ,thou knowest that abstinence from that 7sin7 is impossible1 ,having 7nevertheless7 ordered and ordained abstinence from it2 ,thus between the order and the prohibition we stand helpless1 ,we mortals are helpless at the permission to slant 7the cup7 but not to spill 7its contents74#hj ,ref43 ,n4 #bbf1 ,l4 #ddb1 ,b4 #dch1 ,s4,p4 #bbe1 ,p4 #cag1 ,b4 ii4 #big1 ,t4 #ahj4--,w4 #bfe1 ,v4 #dgi4 ,,lxxix499 ,what6 from his helpless ,creature be repaid ,pure ,gold for what he lent him dross-allay'd-- ,sue for a ,debt he never did contract1 ,and cannot answer--,oh the sorry trade6 ,this quatrain would seem to be specially inspired by ,c4 #bja and #dcc1 which are so much alike 7ll4 #b1 #c1 and #d are practically identical in both7 that one or the other is obviously the addition of a later scribe4 ,when they mixed the earth of my shaping-mould1 ,they produced an hundred wonders from me2#ha ,i cannot be better than ,i am1 ,for this is how ,i was turned out of the crucible4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bja1 ,l4 #cee1 ,b4 #cea1 ,t4 #abh4--,w4 #bba1 ,v4 #ced4 ,,lxxx4 ,oh ,thou1 who didst with pitfall and with gin ,beset the ,road ,i was to wander in1 ,thou wilt not with ,predestined ,evil round ,enmesh1 and then impute my ,fall to ,sin6 ,this quatrain is translated from ,o4 #adh4 ,in a thousand places on the road ,i walk1 ,thou placest snares1 ,thou say'st ,i will catch thee if thou settest foot in them1 ,in no smallest thing is the world independent of ,thee1 ,thou orderest all things1 and 7yet7 callest me rebellious6 ,ref43 ,o4 #adh1 ,b4 ii4 #edf4--,w4 #dcb1 ,n4 #cij4 ,,lxxxi4 ,oh ,thou1 who ,man of baser ,earth didst make1 ,and ev'n with ,paradise devise the ,snake3 ,for all the ,sin wherewith the ,face of ,man ,is blacken'd--,man's forgiveness give--and take6 99 99 99 99 99 ,this is a very composite quatrain1 round which some controversy has raged4 ,professor ,cowell has given the weight of his authority to the statement that there is no original for the line about the snake4 ,this is true in so far as that the image does not occur in ,omar1 but ,fitz,gerald had seen it in an important apologue in the ,mantik ut-tair 7beginning at distich #cbbi7 in which we read of the presence of the ,snake 7,iblis7 in ,paradise1 at the moment of the creation of ,adam1 and in the course of which1 ,satan himself addresses ,god thus3 ,if malediction comes from ,thee1 there comes also mercy1 ,the created thing is dependent upon ,thee since ,destiny is in ,thy hands2 ,if malediction be my lot1 ,i do not fear1 ,there must be poison1 everything is not antidote4 ,the influence of the following is traceable in the quatrains1 ,c4 #aae1 ,c4 #bhf1 and ,c4 #eaj3 ,i am a disobedient slave1 where is ,thy mercy8 ,my heart is dark1 where is ,thy light and clearness8 ,if1 for serving ,thee1 ,thou givest me heaven1 ,this a reward1 but ,thy grace and ,thy gifts--where are they8 ,ref43 ,c4 #aae1 ,l4 #bag1 ,b4 #bad1 ,s4,p4 #ia1 ,p4 #bc4--,w4 #ic1 ,n4 #ia1 ,v4 #baa4 ,oh6 ,thou who knowest the secrets of the hearts of all1 ,protector of all in their hours of helplessness3 ,oh1 ,lord6 grant me repentance and accept my excuses1 ,oh6 ,thou who grantest repentance and acceptest the excuses of all4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bhf1 ,l4 #ddi1 ,b4 #dde1 ,s4,p4 #bce1 ,b4 ii4 #cjh1 ,t4 #ahh4--,w4 #bgf1 ,n4 #bcf1 ,v4 #dhh4 ,professor ,cowell attributes ,fitz,gerald's quatrain to the above ruba'i4 ,vide the ,editorial ,note previously referred to4 ,the manager of the affairs of the dead and living art thou1 ,thou art the keeper of this unstable heaven2 ,though ,i am wicked1 thou art my ,master1 ,who can sin1 seeing that thou art the ,creator 7of all78 ,ref43 ,c4 #eaj1 ,l4 #gjj1 ,b4 #fia1 ,s4,p4 #dca1 ,p4 #b1 ,b4 ii4 #ehd4--,w4 #dga1 ,n4 #dcf1 ,v4 #gec4 ,,lxxxii4#hb ,as under cover of departing ,day ,slunk hunger-stricken ,ramazan away1 ,once more within the ,potter's house alone ,i stood1 surrounded by the ,shapes of ,clay4 ,,lxxxiii499 ,shapes of all ,sorts and ,sizes1 great and small1 ,that stood along the floor and by the wall2 ,and some loquacious ,vessels were2 and some ,listen'd1 perhaps1 but never talk'd at all4 ,,lxxxvii 7post74 ,fitz,gerald constructed these three quatrains from ,o4 #ajc4 ,i went last night into the workshop of a potter1 ,i saw two thousand pots1 some speaking1 and some silent2 ,suddenly one of the pots cried out aggressively3-- ,where are the pot-maker1 and the pot-buyer1 and the pot-seller8 ,ref43 ,o4 #ajc1 ,c4 #cja1 ,l4 #dgj1 ,b4 #dff1 ,s4,p4 #bdb1 ,p4 #ajb1 ,b4 ii4 #cbc1 ,t4 #bjb and #big1 ,p4 v4 #cg4--,w4 #bhc1 ,n4 #bdc1 ,e4,c4 #bf1 ,v4 #eji4 ,it will be observed that the reading of quatrain #hg1 l4 #d1 in the third edition of ,fitz,gerald is close to this original4 ,who makes--,who buys--,who sells--,who is the ,pot8 ,hunger stricken ,ramazan is described in ,c4 #aih4 ,they say that the moon of ,ramazan#hc shines out again ,henceforth one cannot linger over the wine2 ,at the end of ,sha'ban ,i will drink so much wine ,that during ,ramazan ,i may be found drunk until the festival 7arrives74 ,ref43 ,c4 #aih1 ,l4 #ceb1 ,b4 #cdh1 ,s4,p4 #agb1 ,p4 #cdg1 ,b4 ii4 #baf1 ,t4 #abe4--,w4 #ahh1 ,n4 #agb1 ,v4 #cea4 ,see also the quatrain from the ,notes1 p4 #aee4 ,,lxxxiv4 ,said one among them--,surely not in vain ,my substance of the common ,earth was ta'en ,and to this ,figure moulded1 to be broke1 ,or trampled back to shapeless ,earth again4 ,the sentiment of this quatrain is traceable in ,c4 #bic4 ,there is a cup which wisdom loud acclaims1 ,and for its beauty gives it a hundred kisses on the brow1 ,such a sweet cup1 this ,potter of the ,world ,makes1 and then shatters it upon the ground4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bic1 ,l4 #def1 ,b4 #deb1 ,b4 ii4 #cba1 ,t4 #aid4--,w4 #bij1 ,v4 #die4 ,,lxxxv4 ,then said a ,second--,ne'er a peevish ,boy ,would break the ,bowl from which he drank in joy2 ,and he that with his hand the ,vessel made ,will surely not in after ,wrath destroy4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain comes from ,o4 #ai4 ,the elements of a cup which he has put together1 ,their breaking up a drinker cannot approve2#hd ,all these heads and feet--with his finger-tips1 ,for love of whom did he make them8--for hate of whom did he break them8 ,ref43 ,o4 #ai1 ,c4 #fd1 ,l4 #dj1 ,s4,p4 #cg1 ,p4 ii4 #g1 ,p4 #ie1 ,b4 ii4 #gg1 ,t4 #cji4--,w4 #db1 ,n4 #ch1 ,v4 #bbj4 ,,lxxxvi4 ,after a momentary silence spake ,some ,vessel of a more ungainly make2 ,they sneer at me for leaning all awry3 ,what6 did the ,hand then of the ,potter shake8 ,this quatrain is a perfect reflection and companion of all these ,kuza ,nama quatrains1 but ,i have not found a ruba'i in ,o4 or ,c4 which can be pointed out as having directly inspired#he it4 ,it must1 ,i think1 be considered together with ,no4 #hh4 ,,lxxxvii4 ,whereat some one of the loquacious ,lot-- ,i think a ,sufi pipkin--waxing hot-- ,all this of ,pot and ,potter--,tell me1 then1 ,who is the ,potter pray1 and who the ,pot8 ,,lxxxvii4 ,ante sub ,,lxxxiii4 ,,lxxxviii4 ,why1 said another1 ,some there are who tell ,of one who threatens he will toss to ,hell ,the luckless ,pots he marr'd in making--,pish6 ,he's a ,good ,fellow1 and 'twill all be well4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain1 and ,i think for ,no4 #hf1 comes from ,c4 #fi and ,c4 #aei3 ,since the ,director set in order the elements of natures1 ,for what cause does ,he again disperse them into loss and deficiency8 ,if they are good1 why should ,he break them8 ,and if they turn out bad1 well1 why is there any blame to these forms8 ,ref43 ,c4 #fi1 ,l4 #ajc1 ,b4 #ii1 ,p4 #id1 ,b4 ii4 #ajg4--,w4 #abf1 ,v4 #ajc4 ,they say that at the resurrection there will be much searching1 ,and that that excellent ,friend will be hasty2 ,nothing but good ever came from the ,unalloyed ,goodness1 ,be happy6 for the upshot will be all right6 ,ref43 ,c4 #aei1 ,l4 #caf1 ,b4 #cab1 ,s4,p4 #agh1 ,p4 #aig4--,w4 #aic1 ,n4 #agh1 ,v4 #cah4 ,,lxxxix4 ,well1 murmured one1 ,let whoso make or buy1 ,my ,clay with long ,oblivion is gone dry3 ,but fill me with the old familiar ,juice1 ,methinks ,i might recover by and by4 ,this quatrain is inspired by ,c4 #ahh and ,o4 #aaf3 ,at that moment when the plant of my existence shall be rooted up1 ,and its branches scattered in all directions2 ,if then they make a flagon of my clay1 ,when they fill it with wine it will live again4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ahh1 ,s4,p4 #aae4--,n4 #aae4 ,when ,i am abased beneath the foot of ,destiny1 ,and am rooted up from the hope of life1 ,take heed that thou makest nothing but a goblet of my clay1 ,haply when it is full of wine ,i may revive4 ,ref43 ,o4 #aaf1 ,c4 #cde1 ,l4 #eci1 ,b4 #ecd1 ,s4,p4 #bhi1 ,p4 #bbg1 ,b4 ii4 #che1 ,t4 #bcj1 ,p4 v4 #adf4--,w4 #ccj1 ,n4 #bij1 ,v4 #egi4 ,,xc4 ,so while the ,vessels one by one were speaking1 ,the little ,moon look'd in that all were seeking3 ,and then they jogg'd each other1 ,brother6 ,brother6 ,now for the ,porter's shoulder-knot a-creaking6 99 99 99 99 99 ,this quatrain which concludes the ,kuza ,nama is inspired by the concluding quatrain of ,o4 #aeh4 ,the month of ,ramazan passes and ,shawwal comes1 ,the season of increase1 and joy1 and storytellers comes2 ,now comes that time when ,bottles upon the shoulder6 ,they say--for the porters come and are back to back4#hf ,ref43 ,o4 #aeh4--,w4 #bah4 ,,xci4 ,ah1 with the ,grape my fading life provide1 ,and wash the ,body whence the ,life has died1 ,and lay me1 shrouded in the living ,leaf1 ,by some not unfrequented ,garden-side4 ,this quatrain owes its inspiration to ,c4 #ab4 ,when ,i am dead wash me with wine1 ,say my funeral service with pure wine1 ,if thou wishest that thou shouldst see me on the resurrection-day ,thou must seek me in the earth of the tavern threshold4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ab1 ,l4 #ac1 ,b4 #ab1 ,s4,p4 #g1 ,p4 #bii1 ,b4 ii4 #i1 ,t4 #ab4--,w #f1 ,n4 #g1 ,v4 #aa ,illustration3 ,,the ,,approach ,,to ,,naishapur ,from a painting by ,i4,r4 ,herbert ,o4 #fi may also be quoted3 ,take heed to stay me with the wine-cup1 ,and make this amber#hg face like a ruby2 ,when ,i die1 wash me with wine1 ,and out of the wood of the vine make the planks of my coffin4 ,ref43 ,o4 #fi1 ,c4 #aeh1 ,l4 #cjh1 ,b4 #cjd1 ,s4,p4 #aji1 ,p4 #bab1 ,b4 ii4 #aii1 ,t4 #adc1 ,p4 v4 #aec4--,w4 #aci1 ,n4 #aji1 ,v4 #caa4 ,,xcii4 ,that ev'n my buried ,ashes such a snare ,of ,vintage shall fling up into the ,air ,as not a ,true-believer passing by ,but shall be overtaken unaware4 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #af4 ,i will drink so much wine that this aroma of wine ,shall rise from the earth when ,i am beneath it2 ,so that when a drinker shall pass above my body1 ,he shall become drunk and degraded from the aroma of my potations4 ,ref43 ,c4 #af1 ,l4 #bh1 ,b4 #bf1 ,s4,p4 #ad1 ,b4 ii4 #aa4--,w4 #ag1 ,n4 #ad1 ,v4 #bg4 ,,xciii4 ,indeed the ,idols ,i have loved so long ,have done my credit in this ,world much wrong2 ,have drown'd my ,glory in a shallow ,cup1 ,and sold my ,reputation for a ,song4 ,the inspiration for this quatrain comes from ,c4 #agj4 ,when my mood inclined to prayer and fasting1 ,i said that all my salvation was attained2 ,alas6 that those ,ablutions#hh are destroyed by my pleasures1 ,and that ,fast of mine is annulled by half a draught of wine4 ,ref43 ,c4 #agj1 ,l4 #cff1 ,b4 #cfb1 ,s4,p4 #afb1 ,p4 #cdc1 ,b4 ii4 #bjg1 ,t4 #aah4--,w4 #ahj1 ,n4 #afb1 ,v4 #cfe4 ,the last line is suggested by ,o4 #bb4 ,,xciv4 ,indeed1 indeed1 ,repentance oft before ,i swore--but was ,i sober when ,i swore8 ,and then and then came ,spring1 and ,rose-in-hand ,my thread-bare ,penitence apieces tore4 ,this quatrain is inspired by ,c4 #dca4 ,every day ,i resolve to repent in the evening1 ,making repentance of the brimful goblet and cup2 ,now that the season of roses#hi has come1 ,i cannot grieve ,give penitence for repentance in the season of roses1 ,o ,lord6 ,ref43 ,c4 #dca1 ,l4 #fee1 ,b4 #fdg ,b4 ii4 #eaj4--,w4 #dbe1 ,v4 #gjd4 ,,xcv4 ,and much as ,wine has play'd the ,infidel1 ,and robb'd me of my ,robe of ,honour--,well1 ,i wonder often what the ,vintners buy ,one half so precious as the stuff they sell4 ,the original of this quatrain is ,o4 #fb4 ,although wine has rent my veil 7of reputation71 ,so long as ,i have a soul ,i will not be separated from wine2 ,i am in perplexity concerning vintners1 for they-- ,what will they buy that is better than what they sell8 ,ref43 ,o4 #fb1 ,c4 #aif1 ,l4 #cej1 ,b4 #cdf1 ,p4 #caa1 ,b4 ii4 #afg1 ,t4 #abc1 ,p4 iv4 #fc1 ,p4 v4 #bjb4--,w4 #bjh1 ,n4 #dfc1 ,e4,c4 #aa1 ,v4 #cej4 ,,xcvi4 ,yet ,ah1 that ,spring should vanish with the ,rose6 ,that ,youth's sweet-scented manuscript should close6 ,the ,nightingale that in the branches sang1 ,ah whence1 and whither flown again1 who knows6 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #bbc4 ,alas6 that the book of youth is folded up8 ,and that this fresh purple spring is winter-stricken2#ij ,that bird of joy1 whose name is ,youth1 ,alas6 ,i know not when it came nor when it went4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bbc1 ,l4 #ccb1 ,b4 #cbh1 ,s4,p4 #abh1 ,b4 ii4 #aee1 ,t4 #afa4--,w4 #aee1 ,n4 #abh1 ,v4 #ccd4 ,,xcvii499 ,would but the ,desert of the ,fountain yield ,one glimpse--if dimly1 yet indeed1 reveal'd1 ,to which the fainting ,traveller might spring1 ,as springs the trampled herbage of the field6 ,this quatrain is inspired by ,c4 #eji4 ,oh6 would that there were a place of repose1 ,or that we might come to the end of the road2 ,would that from the heart of earth1 after a hundred thousand years1 ,we might all hope to blossom again like the verdure4 ,ref43 ,c4 #eji1 ,l4 #gfh1 ,b4 #ged1 ,s4,p4 #cie1 ,b4 ii4 #ebb4--,w4 #ddb1 ,n4 #djj1 ,v4 #hbj4 ,,xcviii499 ,would but some wingd ,angel ere too late ,arrest the yet unfolded ,roll of ,fate1 ,and make the stern ,recorder otherwise ,enregister1 or quite obliterate6 ,this quatrain in its original form in the second edition was closer to the original ,persian4 ,oh if the ,world were but to re-create1 ,that we might catch ere closed the ,book of ,fate1 ,and make the ,writer on a fairer leaf ,inscribe our names1 or quite obliterate6 ,it owes its inspiration to ,n #deg4 ,i would that ,god should entirely alter the world1 ,and that he should do it now1 that ,i might see him do it2 ,and either that he should cross my name from the ,roll1 ,or else raise my condition from want to plenty4#ia ,ref43 ,n4 #deg1 ,s4,p4 #dea4--,w4 #dhf1 ,v4 #hda4 ,,xcix4 ,ah1 ,love6 could you and ,i with ,him conspire ,to grasp this sorry ,scheme of ,things entire1 ,would not we shatter it to bits--and then ,re-mould it nearer to the ,heart's ,desire6 99 99 99 99 99 ,this quatrain is translated from ,c4 #cie4 ,had ,i1 like ,god1 control of the heavens1 ,would ,i not do away with the heavens altogether1 ,would ,i not so construct another heaven from the beginning ,that1 being free1 one might attain to the heart's desire8 ,ref43 ,c4 #cie1 ,l4 #eid1 ,b4 #ehg1 ,s4,p4 #ccg1 ,p4 #ih1 ,b4 ii1 #dej1 ,t4 #bfh4--,w4 #cgi1 ,n4 #cdj1 ,v4 #fda4 ,c4 ,yon rising moon that looks for us again-- ,how oft hereafter will she wax and wane2 ,how oft hereafter rising look for us ,through this same ,garden--and for one in vain4 ,this quatrain in its various forms is inspired by ,o4 #e4 ,since no one will guarantee thee a to-morrow1 ,make thou happy now this lovesick heart2#ib ,drink wine in the moonlight1 ,o ,moon1 for the moon#ic ,shall seek us long and shall not find us4 ,ref43 ,o4 #e1 ,c4 #g1 ,l4 #e1 ,s4,p4 #h1 ,p4 #bai1 ,b4 #d1 ,b4 ii4 #h1 ,t4 #f1 ,p4 v4 #afh4--,w4 #g1 ,n4 #h1 ,e4,c4 #e1 ,v4 #d4 ,,ci4 ,and when like her1 ,oh ,saki1 you shall pass ,among the ,guests ,star-scatter'd on the ,grass1 ,and in your joyous errand reach the spot ,where ,i made ,one--turn down an empty ,glass6 ,this quatrain is taken from ,o4 #hc and #hd4 ,friends when ye hold a meeting together1 ,it behoves ye warmly to remember your friend2 ,when ye drink wholesome wine together1 ,and my turn comes1 turn 7a goblet7 upside down4 ,ref43 ,o4 #hc4--,w4 #bcd1 ,v4 #dei4 ,friends1 when with consent ye make a tryst together1 ,and take delight in one another's charms1 ,when the ,cup-bearer takes 7round7 in his hand the ,mugh#id wine1 ,remember a certain helpless one in your benediction4 ,ref43 ,o4 #hd1 ,l4 #bij1 ,b4 #bhf1 ,s4,p4 #aia1 ,p4 #bbf1 ,b4 ii4 #bde4--,w4 #bje1 ,n4 #aib1 ,v4 #bic4 ,,appendix4 ,in addition to the quatrains composing the final form in which we know his poem1 there are a few stray quatrains scattered about ,edward ,fitz,gerald's ,introduction and ,notes4 ,there are also two quatrains which appeared in the first edition only1 and nine that appeared in the second edition only4 ,i do not think that this work would be complete without an attempt to identify these quatrains in the original texts which inspired them4 ,,in ,,the ,,introduction4#ie ,,page #d4 ,khayyam1 who stitched the ,tents of ,science1 ,has fallen in ,grief's furnace and been suddenly burned2 ,the shears of ,fate have cut the tent-ropes of his life1 ,and the ,broker of ,hope has sold him for nothing6 ,the quatrain upon p4 #d is a literal translation by ,prof4 ,cowell of ,o4 #bb4 ,ref43 ,o4 #bb1 ,c4 #ei1 ,l4 #gd1 ,b4 #gj1 ,s4,p4 #ha1 ,p4 #bje1 ,b4 ii4 #id1 ,t4 #cjg1 ,p4 iv4 #fe1 ,p4 v4 #aie4--,w4 #hc1 ,n4 #ha1 ,v4 #gc4 ,,page #g4 ,oh1 ,thou who burn'st in ,heart for those who burn ,in ,hell1 whose fires thyself shall feed in turn2 ,how long be crying1 ,mercy on them1 ,god6 ,why1 who art ,thou to teach1 and ,he to learn8 ,the quatrain upon p4 #g is ,fitz,gerald's rendering of ,c4 ,i4 ,o1 burnt one 7born7 of the burnt6 destined in turn to burn1 ,and oh1 thou6 from whom the fires of ,hell shall blaze1#if ,how long wilt thou keep saying1 ,have mercy upon ,omar6 ,wilt thou be a teacher of mercy to ,god8 ,ref43 ,c4 #a1 ,l4 #gfi1 ,b4 #gee1 ,s4,p4 #dec1 ,p4 ii4 #a1 ,b4 ii4 #ecg1 ,t4 #a4--,w4 #dhh1 ,n4 #dei1 ,v4 #hba4 ,,page #g4 ,if ,i myself upon a looser ,creed ,have loosely strung the ,jewel of ,good deed1 ,let this one thing for my ,atonement plead4 ,that ,one for ,two ,i never did misread4 ,the quatrain on p4 #g is ,fitz,gerald's rendering of ,o4 #a4 ,if ,i have never threaded the pearl#ig of thy service1 ,and if ,i have never wiped the dust of sin from my face1 ,nevertheless1 ,i am not hopeless of thy mercy1 ,for the reason that ,i have never said that ,one was ,two4#ih ,ref43 ,o4 #a1 ,c4 #bgd1 ,l4 #dbc1 ,b4 #dai1 ,p4 #d1 ,s4,p4 #bbh1 ,b4 ii4 #cjb1 ,p4 iv4 #h4--,w4 #bfh1 ,n4 #bbi1 ,v4 #dfa4 ,,in ,,the ,,notes4 ,,xviii4 ,the ,palace that to ,heav'n his pillars threw1 ,and ,kings the forehead on his threshold drew-- ,i saw the solitary ,ringdove there1 ,and ,coo1 coo1 coo6 she cried1 and ,coo1 coo1 coo4 ,the quatrain in the note to quatrain ,no4 #ah is translated from ,c4 #dai4 ,that palace that reared its pillars up to heaven1 ,kings prostrated themselves upon its threshold2 ,i saw a dove that1 upon its battlements1 ,uttered its cry3 ,where1 where1 where1 where8#ii ,ref43 ,c4 #dai1 ,l4 #fbg1 ,b4 #fai1 ,s4,p4 #cdg1 ,p4 #adj1 ,b4 ii4 #dei1 ,p4 iv4 #ac4--,w4 #cib1 ,n4 #cej1 ,v4 #fgg4 ,,xc4 ,be of ,good ,cheer--the sullen ,month will die1 ,and a young ,moon requite us by and by3 ,look how the ,old one1 meagre1 bent1 and wan ,with ,age and ,past1 is fainting from the ,sky6 ,the quatrain in the note to quatrain ,no4 #ij is translated from ,c4 #bah4 ,be happy6 for the moon of thy festival will come1 ,the means of mirth will all be propitious2 ,this moon has become lean1 bent-figured and thin1 ,thou may'st say that it will sink under this trouble4 ,ref43 ,c4 #bah1 ,b4 ii4 #ahf4 ,,in ,,the ,,first ,,edition4 ,,xxxiii4 ,then to the rolling ,heav'n itself ,i cried1 ,asking1 ,what ,lamp had ,destiny to guide ,her little ,children stumbling in the ,dark8 ,and--,a blind ,understanding ,heav'n replied4 ,,xlv4 ,but leave the ,wise to wrangle1 and with me ,the quarrel of the ,universe let be2 ,and1 in some corner of the ,hubbub coucht1 ,make ,game of that which makes as much of ,thee4 ,,xxxvii4 ,ah6 fill the ,cup--what boots it to repeat ,how ,time is slipping underneath our ,feet8 ,unborn ,to-morrow and dead ,yesterday4 ,why fret about them if ,to-day be sweet8 ,in the first edition we find quatrain ,no4 #cc1 which1 like its distant cousin in the fourth edition 7,no4 #cd71 appears to have no near parallel in the texts4 ,no4 #de is a quatrain in a like predicament1 and it may be for this reason that ,fitz,gerald dropped it out of all subsequent editions4 ,the only other quatrain peculiar to the first edition is ,no4 #cg4 ,this would appear to have been inspired by ll4 #c and #d of ,o4 #bj1 quoted in the parallels to quatrain ,no4 #eg and by ,o4 #ag1 ll4 #c and #d4 ,nothing thou canst say of yesterday1 that is past1 is sweet2 ,be happy and do not speak of yesterday1 for to-day is sweet4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ag1 ,c4 #hd1 ,l4 #aic1 ,b4 #aij1 ,p4 #abf1 ,b4 ii4 #ei1 ,t4 #fe and #ceb1 ,p4 iv4 #fh1 ,p4 v4 #fb4--,w #aab1 ,e4,c4 #f1 ,v4 #ahi4 ,,in ,,the ,,second ,,edition4 ,the quatrains peculiar to the second edition are as follows3 ,,xiv4 ,were it not ,folly1 ,spider-like to spin ,the ,thread of present ,life away to win-- ,what8 for ourselves1 who know not if we shall ,breathe out the very ,breath we now breathe in6 ,this quatrain is inspired by ,o4 #acf4 ,how long shall ,i grieve about what ,i have or have not1 ,and whether ,i shall pass this life light-heartedly or not8 ,fill up the wine-cup1 for ,i do not know ,that ,i shall breathe out the breath that ,i am drawing in4 ,ref43 ,o4 #acf1 ,c4 #ejd and #dbg1 ,l4 #gdj1 ,b4 #gbf1 ,s4,p4 #cfb1 ,p4 #bjg1 ,b4 ii4 #dhd1 ,p4 v4 #fd4--,w4 #daa1 ,n4 #cff1 ,v4 #gcj4 ,,xxviii4 ,this was replaced by ,no4 #fc in the fourth and fifth editions1 taken from the same original4 ,,xliv4 ,do you1 within your little hour of ,grace1 ,the waving ,cypress in your ,arms enlace1 ,before the ,mother back into her arms ,fold1 and dissolve you in a last embrace4 ,the sentiment of this quatrain is traceable in ,c4 #ahi1 ll4 #a and #b1 and in ,c4 #aie4 ,be happy6 for the time will come 7,when7 all bodies will be hidden in the earth4 ,ref43 ,c4 #ahi1 ,l4 #cic1 ,b4 #chi1 ,s4,p4 #afj1 ,b4 ii4 #bjc4--,n4 #afj1 ,v4 #cij4 ,my whole mood is in sympathy with rosy cheeks1 ,my hand is always grasping the wine cup2 ,i exact from every part 7of me7 its allotted function1 ,ere that those parts 7of me7 be mingled with the all4 ,ref43 ,c4 #aie1 ,l4 #cdi1 ,b4 #cde1 ,s4,p4 #afc1 ,p4 #bhg1 ,b4 ii4 #bjf1 ,t4 #abb4--,w4 #aha1 ,n4 #afc1 ,v4 #cdi4 ,,lxv4 ,if but the ,vine and ,love-abjuring ,band ,are in the ,prophet's ,paradise to stand1 ,alack1 ,i doubt the ,prophet's ,paradise ,were empty as the hollow of one's ,hand4 ,this quatrain is inspired by ,o4 #abg and by ,c4 #fj4 ,to drink wine and consort with a company of the beautiful ,is better than practising the hypocrisy of the zealot2 ,if the lover and the drunkard are doomed to hell1 ,then no one will see the face of heaven4 ,ref43 ,o4 #abg1 ,l4 #fjh1 ,b4 #fja1 ,s4,p4 #cci1 ,p4 #ccj1 ,b4 ii4 #dec1 ,p4 v4 #aea4--,w4 #cha1 ,n4 #cdb1 ,v4 #fee4 ,fitz,gerald was evidently reminded of this by ,n4 #fd which is ,c4 #fj4 ,they say that drunkards will go to hell1 ,it is a repugnant creed1 the heart cannot believe it2 ,if drunken lovers are doomed to hell1 ,to-morrow heaven will be bare like the palm of one's hand4 ,ref43 ,c4 #fj1 ,l4 #aeh1 ,b4 #aee1 ,s4,p4 #fd1 ,t4 #cjh1 ,p4 v4 #bi4--,w4 #fg1 ,n #fd1 ,v4 #aef4 ,,lxxvii4 ,for let ,philosopher and ,doctor preach ,of what they will1 and what they will not1--each ,is but one ,link in an eternal ,chain ,that none can slip1 or break1 or over-reach4 ,for this quatrain ,i can find neither authority nor inspiration4 ,,lxxxvi4 ,nay1 but1 for terror of his wrathful ,face1 ,i swear ,i will not call ,injustice ,grace2 ,not one ,good ,fellow of the ,tavern but ,would kick so poor a ,coward from the place4 ,i think the inspiration for this must have been ,c4 #h4 ,no man is he whom his fellow men spurn1 ,and 7at the same time7 for fear of his malice number among the good2 ,if a drunkard shows reluctance in generosity1 ,all his fellow drunkards hold him to be a mean fellow4 ,ref43 ,c4 #h1 ,l4 #c1 ,b4 ii4 #ae1 ,t4 #i4--,v4 #daf4 ,,xc4 ,and once again there gather'd a scarce heard ,whisper among them2 as it were1 the stirr'd ,ashes of some all but extinguisht ,tongue1 ,which mine ear kindled into living ,word4 ,this was a fourth quatrain evolved out of ,o4 #ajc4 ,vide quatrains ,nos4 #hb1 #hc1 and #hg ante4 ,,xcix4 ,whither resorting from the vernal ,heat ,shall ,old ,acquaintance ,old ,acquaintance greet1 ,under the ,branch that leans above the ,wall ,to shed his ,blossom over head and feet4 ,this quatrain1 interpolated after ,no4 #ia of the fourth edition 7 ,no4 #ih of the second edition71 is an elaboration founded upon the story told by ,nizam ul-,mulk and recorded by ,fitz,gerald in his ,introduction4 ,,cvii4 ,better1 oh better1 cancel from the ,scroll ,of ,universe one luckless ,human ,soul1 ,than drop by drop enlarge the ,flood that rolls ,hoarser with ,anguish as the ,ages roll4 ,this quatrain1 interpolated after the quatrain which became ,no4 ,,xcviii4 in the fourth edition1 was no doubt inspired by ,n4 #deg 7q4v4 sub ,no4 #ih ante7 and by ,o4 #ed4 ,what the ,pen has written never changes1 ,and grieving only results in deep affliction2 ,even through all thy life thou weepest tears of blood1 ,not one drop becomes increased beyond what it is4 ,ref43 ,o4 #ed1 ,b4 ii4 #add4 ,,variations ,,between ,,the ,,second1 ,,third ,,and ,,fourth ,,editions ,,of ,,fitzgerald',s ,,translation ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,stanza ,i4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,wake6 ,for the ,sun behind yon ,eastern height ,has chased the ,session of the ,stars from ,night2 ,and1 to the field of ,heav'n ascending1 strikes ,the ,sultan's ,turret with a ,shaft of ,light4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c the first and second lines stood thus ,wake6 ,for the ,sun before him into ,night ,a ,signal flung that put the ,stars to flight4 ,,ii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,why lags the drowsy ,worshipper outside8 ,v4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,but still a ,ruby gushes from the ,vine4 ,,ix4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,morning a thousand ,roses brings1 you say4 ,x4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,let ,rustum cry ,to ,battle6 as he likes1 ,or ,hatim ,tai ,to ,supper6--heed not you ,in ed4 #c3 ,let ,zal and ,rustum thunder as they will4 ,,stanza ,,xii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,here with a little ,bread beneath the ,bough1 ,a ,flask of ,wine1 a ,book of ,verse--and ,thou1 etc4 ,,xiii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,ah1 take the ,cash1 and let the ,promise go1 ,nor heed the music of a distant ,drum6 ,,xx4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and this delightful ,herb whose living ,green4 ,,xxii4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,that from his ,vintage rolling ,time has prest4 ,,xxvi4 ,in edd4 #b and #c4 ,of the ,two ,worlds so learnedly1 are thrust4 ,,xxvii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,came out by the same door as in ,i went4 ,,xxviii4 ,in edd4 #b and #c4 ,and with my own hand wrought to make it grow4 ,,xxx4 ,in ed4 #b4 ,ah1 contrite ,heav'n endowed us with the ,vine ,to drug the memory of that insolence6 ,,xxxi4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and many ,knots unravel'd by the ,road4 ,,xxxii4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,there was the ,veil through which ,i could not see4 ,,xxxiii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,nor ,heav'n1 with those eternal ,signs reveal'd4 ,,xxxiv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,then of the ,,thee ,,in ,,me who works behind ,the ,veil of ,universe ,i cried to find ,a ,lamp to guide me through the darkness2 and ,something then said--,an ,understanding blind4 ,,xxxv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,i lean'd1 the secret ,well of ,life to learn4 ,,stanza ,,xxxvi4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and drink2 and that impassive ,lip ,i kiss'd4 ,,xxxviii4 ,in ed4 #b the only difference is ,for instead of ,and in the first line2 but in the first draft of ed4 #c the stanza appeared thus3 ,for1 in your ,ear a moment--of the same ,poor ,earth from which that ,human ,whisper came1 ,the luckless ,mould in which ,mankind was cast ,they did compose1 and call'd him by the name4 ,in ed4 #c the first line was altered to-- ,listen--a moment listen6--,of the same1 etc4 ,,xxxix4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,on the parcht herbage but may steal below4 ,,xl4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,as then the ,tulip for her wonted sup ,of ,heavenly ,vintage lifts her chalice up1 ,do you1 twin offspring of the soil1 till ,heav'n ,to ,earth invert you like an empty ,cup4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c the stanza is the same as in edd4 #c and #d1 except that the second line is-- ,of ,wine from ,heav'n her little ,tass lifts up4 ,,xli4 ,in ed4 #b and the first draft of ed4 #c3 ,oh1 plagued no more with ,human or ,divine ,to-morrow's tangle to itself resign4 ,,xlii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and if the ,cup you drink1 the ,lip you press1 ,end in what ,all begins and ends in--,yes2 ,imagine then you are what heretofore ,you were--hereafter you shall not be less4 ,the first draft of ed4 #c agrees with edd4 #c and #d1 except that the first line is-- ,and if the ,cup1 and if the ,lip you press4 ,,stanza ,,xliii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,so when at last the ,angel of the drink ,of ,darkness finds you by the river-brink1 ,and1 proffering his ,cup1 invites your ,soul ,forth to your ,lips to quaff it--do not shrink4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c the only change made was from proffering to offering1 but in ed4 #c the stanza assumed the form in which it also appeared in ed4 #d4 ,the change from the ,angel to that ,angel was made in ,,ms4 by ,fitz,gerald in a copy of ed4 #d4 ,,xliv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,is't not a shame--is't not a shame for him ,so long in this ,clay suburb to abide6 ,,xlv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,but that is but a ,tent wherein may rest4 ,,xlvi4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and fear not lest ,existence closing your ,account1 should lose1 or know the type no more4 ,,xlvii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,as much as ,ocean of a pebble-cast4 ,in ed4 #c3 ,as the ,,sev',n ,,seas should heed a pebble-cast4 ,,xlviii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,one ,moment in ,annihilation's ,waste1 ,one ,moment1 of the ,well of ,life to taste-- ,the ,stars are setting1 and the ,caravan ,draws to the ,dawn of ,nothing--,oh make haste4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c the third line originally stood3 ,before the starting ,caravan has reach'd the rest of the stanza being as in edd4 #c and #d4 ,,stanza ,,xlix4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,a ,hair1 they say1 divides the ,false and ,true4 ,the change from does to may in the last line was made by ,fitz,gerald in ,,ms4 ,l4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,a ,hair1 they say1 divides the ,false and ,true4 ,,lii4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,he does ,himself contrive1 enact1 behold4 ,,liii4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c3 ,to-morrow1 when ,you shall be ,you no more4 ,,liv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,better be merry with the fruitful ,grape4 ,,lv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,you know1 my ,friends1 how bravely in my ,house ,for a new ,marriage ,i did make ,carouse4 ,,lvii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,have squared the ,year to ,human ,compass1 eh8 ,if so1 by striking from the ,calendar4 ,,lxii4 ,in ed4 #b ,when the frail ,cup is crumbled into ,dust6 ,,lxiii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,the ,flower that once is blown for ever dies4 ,,lxv4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,they told their fellows1 and to ,sleep return'd4 ,,lxvi4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and after many days my ,soul return'd ,and said1 ,behold1 ,myself am ,heav'n and ,hell4 ,,lxvii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and ,hell the ,shadow of a ,soul on fire4 ,,lxviii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,of visionary ,shapes that come and go ,round with this ,sun-illumin'd ,lantern held4 ,,lxix4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,impotent ,pieces of the ,game ,he plays4 ,,lxx4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,but ,right or ,left as strikes the ,player goes4 ,,stanza ,,lxxii4 ,in ed4 #b and the first draft of ed4 #c3 ,and that inverted ,bowl we call ,the ,sky4 ,in edd4 #b and #c3 ,as impotently rolls as you or ,i4 ,,lxxix4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,pure ,gold for what he lent us dross-allay'd4 ,,lxxxi4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,for all the ,sin the ,face of wretched ,man ,is black with--,man's ,forgiveness give--and take6 ,,lxxxiii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and once again there gather'd a scarce heard ,whisper among them2 as it were1 the stirr'd ,ashes of some all but extinguisht ,tongue ,which mine ear kindled into living ,word4 ,,lxxxiv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,my ,substance from the common ,earth was ta'en1 ,that ,he who subtly wrought me into ,shape ,should stamp me back to shapeless ,earth again8 ,,lxxxv4 ,in ed4 #b ,another said--,why1 ne'er a peevish ,boy ,would break the ,cup from which he drank in ,joy2 ,shall ,he that of ,his own free ,fancy made ,the ,vessel1 in an after-rage destroy6 ,,lxxxvi4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,none answer'd this1 but after silence spake4 ,,lxxxvii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,thus with the ,dead as with the ,living1 ,what8 ,and ,why8 so ready1 but the ,wherefor not1 ,one on a sudden peevishly exclaim'd1 ,which is the ,potter1 pray1 and which the ,pot8 ,,stanza ,,lxxxviii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,said one--,folks of a surly ,master tell1 ,and daub his ,visage with the ,smoke of ,hell2 ,they talk of some sharp ,trial of us--,pish6 ,he's a ,good ,fellow1 and 'twill all be well4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c4 the stanza begins3 ,why1 said another1 ,dismal people tell ,of an old ,savage who will toss to ,hell ,the luckless ,pots1 etc4 ,,lxxxix4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,well1 said another1 ,whoso will1 let try4 ,,xc4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,one spied the little ,crescent all were seeking4 ,,xci4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and wash my ,body whence the ,life has died4 ,,xciii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,have done my credit in ,men's eye much wrong4 ,,xcv4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,one half so precious as the ware they sell4 ,,xcvii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,toward which the fainting ,traveller might spring4 ,,xcviii4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,oh if the ,world were but to re-create1 ,that we might catch ere closed the ,book of ,fate1 ,and make ,the ,writer on a fairer leaf ,inscribe our names1 or quite obliterate6 ,,xcix4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,ah ,love6 could you and ,i with ,fate conspire4 ,c4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,but see6 ,the rising ,moon of ,heav'n again ,looks for us1 ,sweet-heart1 through the quivering ,plane3 ,how oft hereafter rising will she look ,among those leaves--for one of us in vain6 ,,stanza ,,ci4 ,in ed4 #b3 ,and when ,yourself with silver ,foot shall pass4 ,in the first draft of ed4 #c ,foot is changed to step4 ,in ed4 #c3 ,and in your blissful errand reach the spot4 ,,stanzas ,,which ,,appear ,,in ,,the ,,second ,,edition ,,only ,,xiv4 ,were it not ,folly1 ,spider-like to spin ,the ,thread of present ,life away to win-- ,what8 for ourselves1 who know not if we shall ,breathe out the very ,breath we now breathe in6 ,,xx4 7,this stanza is quoted in the note to stanza ,,xviii4 in the third and fourth editions47 ,,xxviii4 ,another ,voice1 when ,i am sleeping1 cries1 ,the ,flower should open with the ,morning skies4 ,and a retreating ,whisper1 as ,i wake-- ,the ,flower that once has blown for ever dies4 ,,xliv4 ,do you1 within your little hour of ,grace1 ,the waving ,cypress in your ,arms enlace1 ,before the ,mother back into her arms ,fold1 and dissolve you in a last embrace4 ,,lxv4 ,if but the ,vine and ,love-abjuring ,band ,are in the ,prophet's ,paradise to stand1 ,alack1 ,i doubt the ,prophet's ,paradise ,were empty as the hollow of one's ,hand4 ,,lxxvii4 ,for let ,philosopher and ,doctor preach ,of what they will1 and what they will not--each ,is but one ,link in an eternal ,chain ,that none can slip1 or break1 or over-reach4 ,,lxxxvi4 ,nay1 but1 for terror of his wrathful ,face1 ,i swear ,i will not call ,injustice ,grace1 ,not one ,good ,fellow of the ,tavern but ,would kick so poor a ,coward from the place4 ,,xc4 ,and once again there gather'd a scarce heard ,whisper among them2 as it were1 the stirr'd ,ashes of some all but extinguisht ,tongue1 ,which mine ear kindled into living ,word4 7,in the third and fourth editions stanza ,,lxxxiii4 takes the place of this47 ,,xcix4 ,whither resorting from the vernal ,heat ,shall ,old ,acquaintance ,old ,acquaintance greet1 ,under the ,branch that leans above the ,wall ,to shed his ,blossom over head and feet4 7,this was retained in the first draft of ed4 #c47 ,,cvii4 ,better1 oh better1 cancel from the ,scroll ,of ,universe one luckless ,human ,soul1 ,than drop by drop enlarge the ,flood that rolls ,hoarser with ,anguish as the ,ages ,roll4 ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,comparative ,,table ,,of ,,stanzas ,,in ,,the ,,four#ajj ,,editions ,,of ,,fitzgerald ,ed4 #a ,ed4 #b ,edd4 #c and #d ,i ,i ,i ,,ii ,,ii ,,ii ,,iii ,,iii ,,iii ,,iv ,,iv ,,iv ,v ,v ,v ,,vi ,,vi ,,vi ,,vii ,,vii ,,vii ,,viii ,,ix ,,ix ,,ix ,x ,x ,x ,,xi ,,xi ,,xi ,,xii ,,xii ,,xii ,,xiii ,,xiii ,,xiii ,,xv ,,xiv ,,xiv ,,xvii ,,xvi ,,xv ,,xvi ,,xv ,,xvi ,,xviii ,,xvii ,,xvii ,,xix ,,xviii ,,xviii ,,xxiv ,,xix ,,xix ,,xxv ,,xx ,,xx ,,xxi ,,xxi ,,xxi ,,xxii ,,xxii ,,xxii ,,xxiii ,,xxiii ,,xxiii ,,xxvi ,,xxiv ,,xxiv ,,xxvii ,,xxv ,,xxv ,,xxix ,,xxvi ,,xxvi ,,lxvi ,,lxiii ,,xxvii ,,xxx ,,xxvii ,,xxviii ,,xxxi ,,xxviii ,,xxix ,,xxxii ,,xxix ,,xxx ,,xxxiii ,,xxx ,,xxxi ,,xxxiv ,,xxxi ,,xxxii ,,xxxv ,,xxxii ,,xxxiii ,,xxxvii ,,xxxiv ,,xxxiv ,,xxxviii ,,xxxv ,,xxxv ,,xxxix ,,xxxvi ,,xxxvi ,,xl ,,xxxvii ,,xxxvii ,,xxxviii ,,xlix ,,xlviii ,,xxxix ,,lvi ,,liv ,,xl ,,lvii ,,lv ,,xli ,,lviii ,,lvi ,,xlii ,,lx ,,lviii ,,xliii ,,lxi ,,lix ,,xliv ,,lxii ,,lx ,,xlv ,,xlvi ,,lxxiii ,,lxviii ,,xlvii ,,xlv ,,xlii ,,xlviii ,,xlvi ,,xliii ,,xlix ,,lxxiv ,,lxix ,l ,,lxxv ,,lxx ,,li ,,lxxvi ,,lxxi ,,lii ,,lxxviii ,,lxxii ,,liii ,,lxxix ,,lxxiii ,,liv ,,lxxxi ,,lxxv ,,lv ,,lxxxii ,,lxxvi ,,lvi ,,lxxxiii ,,lxxvii ,,lvii ,,lxxxvii ,,lxxx ,,lviii ,,lxxxviii ,,lxxxi ,,lix ,,lxxxix ,,lxxxii ,,lx ,,xciv ,,lxxxvii ,,lxi ,,xci ,,lxxxiv ,,lxii ,,xcii ,,lxxxv ,,lxiii ,,xciii ,,lxxxvi ,,lxiv ,,xcv ,,lxxxviii ,,lxv ,,xcvi ,,lxxxix ,,lxvi ,,xcvii ,,xc ,,lxvii ,,xcviii ,,xci ,,lxviii ,c ,,xcii ,,lxix ,,ci ,,xciii ,,lxx ,,cii ,,xciv ,,lxxi ,,ciii ,,xcv ,,lxxii ,,civ ,,xcvi ,,lxxiii ,,cviii ,,xcix ,,lxxiv ,,cix ,c ,,lxxv ,,cx ,,ci ,,viii ,,viii ,,xiv ,note on ,,xx ,,xviii ,,xxviii ,,xxxvi ,,xxxiii ,,xli ,,xxxviii ,,xlii ,,xxxix ,,xliii ,,xl ,,xliv ,,xlvii ,,xlvi ,,xlviii ,,xlvii ,l ,,xlix ,,li ,l ,,lii ,,li ,,liii ,,lii ,,liv ,,liii ,,lv ,,xli ,,lix ,,lvii ,,lxiii ,,lxi ,,lxiv ,,lxii ,,lxv ,,lxvii ,,lxiv ,,lxviii ,,lxv ,,lxix ,,xliv ,,lxx ,,xlv ,,lxxi ,,lxvi ,,lxxii ,,lxvii ,,lxxvii ,,lxxx ,,lxxiv ,,lxxxiv ,,lxxviii ,,lxxxv ,,lxxix ,,lxxxvi ,,xc ,,lxxxiii ,,xcix ,,cv ,,xcvii ,,cvi ,,xcviii ,,cvii ,,note ,it must be admitted that ,fitz,gerald took great liberties with the original in his version of ,omar ,khayyam4 ,the first stanza is entirely his own1 and in stanza ,,xxxi4 of the fourth edition 7,,xxxvi4 in the second7 he has introduced two lines from ,attar4 7,see ,letters1 p4 #bea47 ,in stanza ,,lxxxi4 7fourth edition71 writes ,professor ,cowell1 ,there is no original for the line about the snake3 ,i have looked for it in vain in ,nicolas2 but ,i have always supposed that the last line is ,fitz,gerald's mistaken version of ,quatr4 #bcf in ,nicolas's ed4 which runs thus3 ,o thou who knowest the secrets of every one's mind1 ,who graspest every one's hand in the hour of weakness1 ,o ,god1 give me repentance and accept my excuses1 ,o thou who givest repentance and acceptest the excuses of every one4 ,fitz,gerald mistook the meaning of giving and accepting as used here1 and so invented his last line out of his own mistake4 ,i wrote to him about it when ,i was in ,calcutta2 but he never cared to alter it4 ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,translated ,,by ,e4,h4 ,,whinfield1 ,m4,a4 ,,introduction ,omar is a poet who can hardly be translated satisfactorily otherwise than in verse4 ,prose does well enough for narrative or didactic poetry1 where the main things to be reproduced are the matter and substance1 but it is plainly contra-indicated in the case of poetry like ,omar's1 where the matter is little else than the commonplaces of the lyric ode and the tragic chorus1 and where nearly the whole charm consists in the style and the manner1 the grace of the expression and the melody of the versification4 ,a literal prose version of such poetry must needs be unsatisfactory1 because it studiously ignores the chief points in which the attractiveness of the original consists1 and deliberately renounces all attempt to reproduce them4 ,in deciding on the form to be taken by a new translation of ,omar1 the fact of the existence of a previous verse translation of universally acknowledged merit ought not1 of course1 to be left out of account4 ,the successor of a translator like ,mr4 ,fitzgerald1 who ventures to write verse1 and especially verse of the metre which he has handled with such success1 cannot help feeling at almost every step that he is provoking comparisons very much to his own disadvantage4 ,but ,i do not think this consideration ought to deter him from using the vehicle which everything else indicates as the proper one4 ,as regards metre1 there is no doubt that the quatrain of ten-syllable lines which has been tried by ,hammer1 ,bicknell1 and others1 and has been raised by ,mr4 ,fitzgerald almost to the rank of a recognised ,english metre1 is the best representative of the ,ruba'i4 ,it fairly satisfies ,conington's canon1 viz41 that there ought to be some degree of metrical conformity between the measure of the original and the translation1 for though it does not exactly correspond with the ,ruba'i1 it very clearly suggests it4 ,in particular1 it copies what is perhaps the most marked feature of the ,ruba'i1--the interlinking of the four lines by the repetition in the fourth line of the rhyme of the first and second4 ,mr ,swinburne's modification of this metre1 in which the rhyme is carried on from one quatrain to the next1 is not applicable to poems like ,omar's1 all of which are isolated in sense from the context4 ,alexandrines would1 of course1 correspond more nearly than decasyllables with ,ruba'i lines in number of syllables1 and they have been extensively used by ,bodenstedt and other ,german translators of the metre but1 whatever may be the case in ,german1 they are apt to read very heavily in ,english1 even when constructed by skilful verse-makers1 and an inferior workman can hardly hope to manage them with anything like success4 ,the shorter length of the decasyllable line is not altogether a disadvantage to the translator4 ,owing to the large number of monosyllables in ,english1 it is generally adequate to hold the contents of a ,persian line a syllable or two longer2 and a line erring1 if at all1 on the side of brevity1 has at any rate the advantage of obliging the translator to eschew modern diffuseness1 and of making him try to copy the classical parsimony1 the archaic terseness and condensation of the original4 ,the poet ,cowper has a remark on translation from ,latin which is eminently true also of translation from ,persian4 ,he says1 ,that is epigrammatic and witty in ,latin which would be perfectly insipid in ,english4444 ,if a ,latin poem is neat1 elegant1 and musical1 it is enough1 but ,english readers are not so easily satisfied4 ,much of ,omar's matter1 when literally translated1 seems very trite and commonplace1 many of the conceits1 of which he is so fond1 very frigid1 and even his peculiar grotesque humour often loses its savour in an ,english replica4 ,the translator is often tempted to elevate a too grovelling sentiment1 to sharpen a point here and there1 to trick out a commonplace with some borrowed modern embellishment4 ,but this temptation is one to be resisted as far as possible4 ,according to the ,hadis1 ,the business of a messenger is simply to deliver his message1 and he must not shrink from displaying the naked truth4 ,a translator who writes in verse must of course claim the liberty of altering the form of the expression over and over again1 but the substituted expressions ought to be in keeping with the author's style1 and on the same plane of sentiment as his4 ,it is beyond the province of a translator to attempt the task of painting the lily4 ,but it is easier to lay down correct principles of translation than to observe them unswervingly in one's practice4 ,as regards subject matter1 ,omar's quatrains may be classed under the following six heads3-- ,i4 ,shikayat i rozgar--,complaints of the wheel of heaven1 or fate1 of the world's injustice1 of the loss of friends1 of man's limited faculties and destinies4 ,,ii4 ,hajw--,satires on the hypocrisy of the unco' guid1 the impiety of the pious1 the ignorance of the learned1 and the untowardness of his own generation4 ,,iii4 ,firakiya and ,wisaliya--,love-poems on the sorrows of separation and the joys of reunion with the ,beloved1 earthly or spiritual4 ,,iv4 ,bahariya--,poems in praise of spring1 gardens1 and flowers4 ,v4 ,kufriya--,irreligious and antinomian utterances1 charging the sins of the creature to the account of the ,creator1 scoffing at the ,prophet's ,paradise and ,hell1 singing the praises of wine and pleasure--preaching ad nauseam1 eat and drink 7especially drink71 for to-morrow ye die4 ,,vi4 ,munajat--,addresses to the ,deity1 now in the ordinary language of devotion1 bewailing sins and imploring pardon1 now in ,mystic phraseology1 craving deliverance from self1 and union with the ,truth 7,al ,hakk71 or ,deity1 as conceived by the ,mystics4 ,the complaints may obviously be connected with the known facts of the poet's life1 by supposing them to have been prompted by the persecution to which he was subjected on account of his opinions4 ,his remarks on the ,houris and other sacred subjects raised such a feeling against him that at one time his life was in danger1 and the wonder is that he escaped at all in a city like ,naishapur1 where the odium theologicum raged so fiercely as to occasion a sanguinary civil war4 ,in the year #dhi ,a4,h41 as we learn from ,ibn ,al ,athir1#aja the orthodox banded themselves together under the leadership of ,abul ,kasim and ,muhammad1 the chiefs of the ,hanefites and the ,shafeites1 in order to exterminate the ,kerramians or ,anthropomorphist heretics1 and succeeded in putting many of them to death1 and destroying all their establishments4 ,it may be also that after the death of his patron1 ,nizam ul ,mulk1 ,omar lost his stipend and was reduced to poverty4 ,the satires probably owed their origin to the same cause4 ,rien soulage comme la rhetorique1 and if ,omar could not relieve his feelings by open abuse of his persecutors1 he made up for it by the bitterness of his verses4 ,the bitterness of his strictures on them was no doubt fully equalled by the rancour of their attacks upon him4 ,the love-poems are samples of a class of compositions much commoner in later poets than in ,omar4 ,most of them probably bear a mystical meaning1 for ,i doubt if ,omar was a person very susceptible of the tender passion4 ,he speaks with appreciation of tulip cheeks and cypress forms1 but apparently recognises no attractions of a higher order in his fair friends4 ,the poems in praise of scenery again offer a strong contrast to modern treatment of the same theme4 ,the only aspects of nature noticed by ,omar are such as affect the senses agreeably--the bright flowers1 the song of the nightingale1 the grassy bank of the stream1 and the shady garden associated in his mind with his convivial parties4 ,the geographer translated by ,sir ,w4 ,ouseley says of ,naishapur1 ,the city is watered by a subterranean canal1 which is conveyed to the fields and gardens1 and there is a considerable stream that waters the city and the villages about it--this stream is named ,saka4 ,in all the provinces of ,khorassan there is not any city larger than ,naishapur1 nor any blessed with a more pure and temperate air4 ,no doubt it was some of these gardens that called forth ,omar's encomiums4 ,but it is in the ,kufriya1 or antinomian quatrains1 and in the ,munajat1 or pious aspirations1 that the most remarkable and characteristic features of ,omar's poetry are exhibited4 ,the glaring contrast between these two classes of his poetry has led his readers to take very opposite views of him1 according as they looked at one or the other side of the shield4 ,european critics1 like his contemporaries1 mostly consider him an infidel and a voluptuary of like mind with ,sardanapalus4 ,on the other hand1 the ,sufis have contrived to affix mystical and devotional meanings even to his most ,epicurean quatrains2 and this method of interpretation is nowadays as universally accepted in ,persia and ,india as the ,mystical interpretation of the ,canticles is in ,europe4 ,but neither of these views can be accepted in its entirety4 ,even if the ,sufi symbolism had been definitely formulated as early as ,omar's time1 which is very doubtful1 common sense would forbid us to force a devotional meaning on the palpably ,epicurean quatrains2 and1 on the other hand1 unless we are prepared to throw over the authority of all the manuscripts1 including the most ancient ones1 we must reckon with the obviously ,mystical and devotional quatrains4 ,the essential contradiction in the tone and temper of these two sections of ,omar's poetry cannot be glossed over1 but calls imperatively for explanation4 ,his poems were obviously not all written at one period of his life1 but from time to time1 just as circumstances and mood suggested1 and under the influence of the thoughts1 passions1 and desires which happened to be uppermost at the moment4 ,it may be that the irreligious and ,epicurean quatrains were written in youth1 and the ,munajat in his riper years4 ,but this hypothesis seems to be disproved by ,sharastani's account of him1 which is quite silent as to any such conversion or change of sentiment on his part1 and also by the fact that he describes himself from first to last as a ,dipsychus in grain1 a halter between two opinions1 and an ,acrates1 or back-slider1 in his practice4 ,if his poems be considered not in the abstract1 but in the light of history1 taking into account his mental pedigree and his intellectual surroundings1 a more plausible explanation of his inconsistencies readily presents itself4 ,in his youth1 as we know1 he sat at the feet of the ,suni theologian ,imam ,muaffik1 and he was then no doubt thoroughly indoctrinated with the great ,semitic conception of the ,one ,god1 or1 to use the expressive term of ,muhammadan theology1 the ,only ,real ,agent 7,fa' il i ,hakiki74 ,to minds dominated by the overwhelming sense of ,almighty ,power1 everywhere present and working1 there seems no room for ,nature1 or human will1 or chance1 or any other ,ahriman whatsoever1 to take the responsibility of all the evils in the world1 the storms and the earthquakes1 the ,borgias and the ,catilines4 ,the ,only ,real ,agent has to answer for all4 ,in the most ancient document of ,semitic religious speculation now extant1 the ,book of ,job1 we find expostulations of the boldest character addressed to the ,deity for permitting a righteous man to be stricken with unmerited misfortunes1 though the writer ultimately concludes in a spirit of pious agnosticism and resignation to the inscrutable dispensations of ,providence4 ,in the ,book of ,ecclesiastes again1 the same problems are handled1 but in a somewhat different temper4 ,the weary king ,ecclesiast remarks that there is one event to all1 to him that sacrificeth and him that sacrificeth not--that injustice and wrong seem eternally triumphant1 that ,god has made things crooked1 and none can make them straight2 and concludes now in favour of a sober carpe diem philosophy1 now in favour of a devout fear of the ,lord4 ,of course the manner in which the serious ,hebrew handles these matters is very different from the levity and flippancy of the volatile ,persian1 but it can hardly be denied that the ,ecclesiast and ,omar resemble one another in the double and contradictory nature of their practical conclusions4 ,no sooner was ,islam established than the same problem of the existence of evil in the handiwork of the ,almighty ,author and ,governor of all began to trouble the ,moslem theologians1 and by their elaboration of the doctrine of ,predestination they managed to aggravate its difficulties4 ,one of the chief roots of their discussions was how to reconcile the ,divine justice and benevolence with the ,divine prescience1--the predestination of some vessels to honour1 and others to dishonour1--the pre-ordainment of all things by a kind of mechanical necessity 7,jabr71 leaving no possibility of the occurrence of any events except those which actually do occur4 ,the consideration of one corollary of a similar doctrine moved the pious and gentle ,cowper to use language of indignant dissent2 and there is high theological authority for the view that it is calculated to thrust some into desperation1 but to stimulate the piety of others4 ,omar is constantly dwelling on this doctrine1 and he seems to be affected by it in the double way here mentioned4 ,other influences which acted on ,omar must not be left out of account4 ,born as he was in ,khorassan1 the focus of ,persian culture1 he was no doubt familiar with speculations of the ,moslem philosophers1 ,alkindi1 ,alfarabi1 and ,avicenna1#ajb the last of whom he may possibly have seen4 ,and though1 think he was not himself a ,sufi1 in the sense of being affiliated to any ,sufi order1 he can hardly have been unaffected by the mysticism of which his predecessor in ,ruba'i writing1 ,abu ,sa'id bin ,abul ,khair1 his patron ,nizam ul ,mulk1 and his distinguished countryman ,imam ,ghazali were all strong adherents4 ,his philosophical studies would naturally stimulate his sceptical and irreligious dispositions1 while his ,mystic leanings would operate mainly in the contrary direction4 ,if this explanation of the inconsistencies in his poetry be correct1 it is obvious that the parallel often sought to be traced between him and ,lucretius has no existence4 ,whatever he was1 he was not an ,atheist4 ,to him1 as to other ,muhammadans of his time1 to deny the existence of the ,deity would seem to be tantamount to denying the existence of the world and of himself4 ,and the conception of laws of nature was also one quite foreign to his habits of thought4 ,as ,deutsch says1 ,to a ,shemite1 ,nature is simply what has been begotten1 and is ruled absolutely by ,one ,absolute ,power4 ,hammer compares him to ,voltaire1 but in reality he is a ,voltaire and something more4 ,he has much of ,voltaire's flippancy and irreverence4 ,his treatment of the doctrine of the ,resurrection of the ,body1 for instance1 which ,muhammad took from ,christianity1 and travestied by the embellishments he added to it1 is altogether in ,voltaire's manner4 ,and his insistence on the all importance of kindness and charity recalls the better side of ,voltaire's character1 viz41 his kindness to ,calas1 and the other victims of ecclesiastical persecution4 ,but ,omar also possessed1 what ,voltaire did not1 strong religious emotions1 which at times overrode his rationalism1 and found expression in those devotional and ,mystical quatrains1 which offer such a strong contrast to the rest of his poetry4 ,e4,h4 ,,whinfield ,,note ,the text has been framed from a comparison of the following authorities3-- ,i4 ,the ,bodleian manuscript1 ,no4 #adj of the ,ouseley ,collection1 containing #aeh quatrains4 ,,ii4 ,the ,calcutta ,asiatic ,society's manuscript1 ,no4 #aedh1 containing #eaf quatrains4 ,,iii4 ,the ,india ,office manuscript1 ,no4 #bdbj1 ff4 #bab to #bfg1 containing #eab quatrains4 ,,iv4 ,the ,calcutta edition of #abeb ,a4,h41 containing #dch quatrains1 with an appendix of #ed more1 which the editor says he found in a ,bayaz1 or common-place book1 after the others had been printed4 ,v4 ,the ,paris edition of ,m4 ,nicolas1 containing #dfd quatrains4 ,,vi4 ,the ,lucknow lithographed edition1 containing #gfc quatrains4 ,,vii4 ,a fragment of an edition begun by the late ,mr4 ,blochmann1 containing only #fb quatrains4 ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam #a4 ,at dawn a cry through all the tavern shrilled1 ,arise my brethren of the revellers' guild1 ,that ,i may fill our measure1 full of wine ,or e'er the measure of our days be filled4 #a4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,bl4 considers this quatrain ,mystical4 #b4 ,who was it brought thee here at nightfall1 who8 ,forth from the harem in this manner1 who8 ,to him who in thy absence burns as fire1 ,and trembles like hot air1 who was it1 who8 #b4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,bl4 says the omission of the copulative wa in line #d of the original is characteristic of ,khayyam4 ,in line #d ,i follow ,blochmann's rendering4 ,it may mean1 when the wind blows4 #c4 ',tis but a day we sojourn here below1 ,and all the gain we get is grief and woe1 ,and then1 leaving life's riddles all unsolved1 ,and burdened with regrets1 we have to go4 #c4 ,n4 #d4 ,khaja6 grant one request1 and only one1 ,wish me ,god-speed1 and get your preaching done2 ,i walk aright1 'tis you who see awry2 ,go6 heal your purblind eyes1 leave me alone4 #d4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #e4 ,arise6 and come1 and of thy courtesy ,resolve my weary heart's perplexity1 ,and fill my goblet1 so that ,i may drink1 ,or e'er they make their goblets out of me4 #e4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the heart is supposed to be the seat of reason4 ,or ever and or e'er are both found in ,elizabethan ,english4 ,abbot1 ,shakespearian ,grammar1 p4 #hi4 #f4 ,when ,i am dead1 with wine my body lave1 ,for obit chant a bacchanalian stave1 ,and1 if you need me at the day of doom1 ,beneath the tavern threshold seek my grave4 #f4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #g4 ,since no one can assure thee of the morrow1 ,rejoice thy heart to-day1 and banish sorrow ,with moonbright wine1 fair moon1 for heaven's moon4 ,will look for us in vain on many a morrow4 #g4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,line #b is in metre #ad4 #h4 ,let lovers all distraught and frenzied be1 ,and flown with wine1 and reprobates1 like me2 ,when sober1 ,i find everything amiss1 ,but in my cups cry1 ,let what will be1 be4 #h4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,n4 ,line #c is in metre #ac4 #i4 ,in ,allah's name1 say1 wherefore set the wise ,their hearts upon this house of vanities8 ,whene'er they think to rest them from their toils1 ,death takes them by the hand1 and says1 ,arise4 #i4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #aj4 ,men say the ,koran holds all heavenly lore1 ,but on its pages seldom care to pore2 ,the lucid lines engraven on the bowl1-- ,that is the text they dwell on evermore4 #aj4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,lines were engraven on the bowl to measure out the draughts4 ,bl4 #aa4 ,blame not the drunkards1 you who wine eschew1 ,had ,i but grace1 ,i would abstain like you1 ,and mark me1 vaunting zealot1 you commit ,a hundredfold worse sins than drunkards do4 #aa4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #ab4 ,what though 'tis fair to view1 this form of man1 ,i know not why the heavenly ,artisan ,hath set these tulip cheeks and cypress forms ,to deck the mournful halls of earth's divan4 #ab4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #ac4 ,my fire gives forth no smoke-cloud here below1 ,my stock-in-trade no profit here below1 ,and you1 who call me tavern-haunter1 know ,there is indeed no tavern here below #ac4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the anacoluthon in line #c1 and the missing rhyme before the burden1 in line #d1 are characteristic of ,khayyam4 ,bl4 #ad4 ,thus spake an idol to his worshipper1 ,why dost thou worship this dead stone1 fair sir8 ',tis because ,he who gazeth through thine eyes1 ,doth some part of ,his charms on it confer4 #ad4 ,l4 ,meaning1 all is of ,god1 even idols4 #ae4 ,whate'er thou doest1 never grieve thy brother1 ,nor kindle fumes of wrath his peace to smother2 ,dost thou desire to taste eternal bliss1 ,vex thine own heart1 but never vex another6 #ae4 ,l4 b4 ,line #a is in metre #ad4 #af4 ,o ,thou6 to please whose love and wrath as well1 ,allah created heaven and likewise hell2 ,thou hast thy court in heaven1 and ,i have naught1 ,why not admit me in thy courts to dwell8 #af4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,the person addressed is the prophet ,muhammad4 ,the ,sufis were fond of dwelling on the opposition between the beautiful and the terrible attributes of ,deity4 #ag4 ,so many cups of wine will ,i consume1 ,its bouquet shall exhale from out my tomb1 ,and every one that passes by shall halt1 ,and reel and stagger with that mighty fume4 #ag4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #ah4 ,young wooer1 charm all hearts with lover's art1 ,glad winner1 lead thy paragon apart6 ,a hundred ,ka'bas equal not one heart1 ,seek not the ,ka'ba1 rather seek a heart6 #ah4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,line #b1 ,in the presence seize the perfect heart4 #ai4 ,what time1 my cup in hand1 its draughts ,i drain1 ,and with rapt heart unconsciousness attain1 ,behold what wondrous miracles are wrought1 ,songs flow as water from my burning brain4 #ai4 ,l4 ,n4 #bj4 ,to-day is but a breathing space1 quaff wine6 ,thou wilt not see again this life of thine2 ,so1 as the world becomes the spoil of time1 ,offer thyself to be the spoil of wine6 #bj4 ,l4 ,n4 #ba4 ',tis we who to wine's yoke our necks incline1 ,and risk our lives to gain the smiles of wine2 ,the henchman grasps the flagon by its throat ,and squeezes out the lifeblood of the vine4 #ba4 ,l4 ,n4 ,line #c is in metre #ai4 #bb4 ,here in this tavern haunt ,i make my lair1 ,pawning for wine1 heart1 soul1 and all ,i wear1 ,without a hope of bliss1 or fear of bale1 ,rapt above water1 earth1 and fire1 and air4 #bb4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #bc4 ,quoth fish to duck1 ,twill be a sad affair1 ,if this brook leaves its channel dry and bare2 ,to whom the duck1 ,when ,i am dead and roasted ,the brook may run with wine for aught ,i care4 #bc4 ,l4 ,meaning1 ,aprs nous le dluge4 #bd4 ,from doubt to clear assurance is a breath1 ,a breath from infidelity to faith2 ,o precious breath6 enjoy it while you may1 ',tis all that life can give1 and then comes death4 #bd4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #be4 ,ah6 wheel of heaven to tyranny inclined1 ',twas e'er your wont to show yourself unkind2 ,and1 cruel earth1 if they should cleave your breast1 ,what store of buried jewels they would find6 #be4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,wheel of heaven1 i4e41 destiny1 fortune4 ,sir ,thomas ,browne talks of the wheel of things4 #bf4 ,my life lasts but a day or two1 and fast ,sweeps by1 like torrent stream or desert blast1 ,howbeit1 of two days ,i take no heed1-- ,the day to come1 and that already past4 #bf4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #bg4 ,that pearl is from a mine unknown to thee1 ,that ruby bears a stamp thou canst not see ,the tale of love some other tongue must tell1 ,all our conjectures are mere phantasy4 #bg4 ,meaning1 real love of ,god differs from the popular idea of it4 ,bl4 #bh4 ,now with its joyful prime my age is rife1 ,i quaff enchanting wine1 and list to fife2 ,chide not at wine for all its bitter taste1 ,its bitterness sorts well with human life6 #bh4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #bi4 ,o soul6 whose lot it is to bleed with pain1 ,and daily change of fortune to sustain1 ,into this body wherefore didst thou come1 ,seeing thou must at last go forth again8 #bi4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cj4 ,to-day is thine to spend1 but not to-morrow1 ,counting on morrows breedeth naught but sorrow2 ,oh6 squander not this breath that heaven hath lent thee1 ,nor make too sure another breath to borrow6 #cj4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 #ca4 ',tis labour lost thus to all doors to crawl1 ,take thy good fortune1 and thy bad withal2 ,know for a surety each must play his game1 ,as from heaven's dice-box fate's dice chance to fall4 #ca4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,naksh1 the dots on dice4 #cb4 ,this jug did once1 like me1 love's sorrows taste1 ,and bonds of beauty's tresses once embraced1 ,this handle1 which you see upon its side1 ,has many a time twined round a slender waist6 #cb4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #cc4 ,days changed to nights1 ere you were born1 or ,i1 ,and on its business ever rolled the sky2 ,see you tread gently on this dust--perchance ',twas once the apple of some beauty's eye4 #cc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cd4 ,pagodas1 just as mosques1 are homes of prayer1 ',tis prayer that church-bells chime unto the air1 ,yea1 ,church and ,ka'ba1 ,rosary and ,cross ,are all but divers tongues of world-wide prayer4 #cd4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,meaning1 forms of faith are indifferent4 #ce4 ',twas writ at first1 whatever was to be1 ,by pen1 unheeding bliss or misery1 ,yea1 writ upon the tablet once for all1 ,to murmur or resist is vanity4 #ce4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,meaning1 fate is heartless and resistless4 #cf4 ,there is a mystery ,i know full well1 ,which to all1 good and bad1 ,i cannot tell2 ,my words are dark1 but ,i cannot unfold ,the secrets of the station where ,i dwell4 #cf4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,hale1 a state of ecstasy4 #cg4 ,no base or light-weight coins pass current here1 ,of such a broom has swept our dwelling clear ,forth from the tavern comes a sage and cries1 ,drink6 for ye all must sleep through ages drear #cg4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,n4 ,meaning1 ,mullahs' fables will not go down with us4 #ch4 ,with outward seeming we can cheat mankind1 ,but to ,god's will we can but be resigned1 ,the deepest wiles my cunning e'er devised1 ,to balk resistless fate no way could find4 #ch4 ,l4 ,n4 ,meaning1 weakness of human rule compared to the strength of ,divine decrees4 #ci4 ,is a friend faithless8 spurn him as a foe2 ,upon trustworthy foes respect bestow2 ,hold healing poison for an antidote1 ,and baneful sweets for deadly eisel know4 #ci4 ,l4 ,n4 ,these gnomical epigrams are not common in ,khayyam4 #dj4 ,no heart is there but bleeds when torn from ,thee1 ,no sight so clear but craves ,thy face to see2 ,and though perchance ,thou carest not for them1 ,no soul is there but pines with care for ,thee4 #dj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,jigar1 the liver1 was considered to be the seat of love4 #da4 ,sobriety doth dry up all delight1 ,and drunkenness doth drown my sense outright2 ,there is a middle state1 it is my life1 ,not altogether drunk1 nor sober quite4 #da4 ,c4 ,n4 ,i4 ,masti o3 scan mastiyo4 ,the ,epicurean golden mean4 ,see ,ecclesiastes1 vii1 #af1 #ag4 #db4 ,behold these cups6 ,can ,he who deigned to make them1 ,in wanton freak let ruin overtake them1 ,so many shapely feet and hands and heads1-- ,what love drives ,him to make1 what wrath to break them8 #db4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,pryalae1 a cup4 ,so ,job1 ,thy hands have made me1 yet thou dost destroy me4 #dc4 ,death's terrors spring from baseless phantasy1 ,death yields the tree of immortality2 ,since ',isa breathed new life into my soul1 ,eternal death has washed its hands of me6 #dc4 ,l4 ,n4 ,meaning1 the ,sufi doctrine of ,baka ba'd ul fana4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #ca4 #dd4 ,like tulips in the ,spring your cups lift up1 ,and1 with a tulip-cheeked companion1 sup ,with joy your wine1 or e'er this azure wheel ,with some unlooked-for blast upset your cup4 #dd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #de4 ,facts will not change to humour man's caprice1 ,so vaunt not human powers1 but hold your peace2 ,here must we stay1 weighed down with grief for this1 ,that we were born so late1 so soon decease4 #de4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,meaning1 the futility of striving against predestination4 ,ank1 for anki4 ,bl41 ,prosody #ac4 #df4 ,khayyam6 why weep you that your life is bad8 ,what boots it thus to mourn8 ,rather be glad4 ,he that sins not can make no claim to mercy1 ,mercy was made for sinners--be not sad4 #df4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,see note on ,no4 #acj #dg4 ,all mortal ken is bounded by the veil1 ,to see beyond man's sight is all too frail2 ,yea6 earth's dark bosom is his only home2-- ,alas6 'twere long to tell the doleful tale4 #dg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #dh4 ,this faithless world1 my home1 ,i have surveyed1 ,yea1 and with all my wit deep question made1 ,but found no moon with face so bright as thine1 ,no cypress in such stateliness arrayed4 #dh4 ,l4 ,n4 #di4 ,in synagogue and cloister1 mosque and school1 ,hell's terrors and heaven's lures men's bosoms rule1 ,but they who master ,allah's mysteries1 ,sow not this empty chaff their hearts to fool4 #di4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,meaning1 souls re-absorbed in the ,divine essence have no concern with the material heaven and hell4 #ej4 ,you see the world1 but all you see is naught1 ,and all you say1 and all you hear is naught1 ,naught the four quarters of the mighty earth1 ,the secrets treasured in your chamber naught4 #ej4 ,l4 ,n4 ,meaning1 all is illusion 7,maya74 #ea4 ,i dreamt a sage said1 ,wherefore life consume ,in sleep8 ,can sleep make pleasure's roses bloom8 ,for gather not with death's twin-brother sleep1 ,thou wilt have sleep enough within thy tomb6 #ea4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,homer1 ,kasignetos thanatoio4 #eb4 ,if the heart knew life's secrets here below1 ,at death 'twould know ,god's secrets too1 ,i trow2 ,but1 if you know naught here1 while still yourself1 ,to-morrow1 stripped of self1 what can you know8 #eb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #b scan ,ilahi4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #g4 #ec4 ,on that dread day1 when wrath shall rend the sky1 ,and darkness dim the bright stars' galaxy1 ,i'll seize the ,loved ,one by ,his skirt1 and cry1 ,why hast ,thou doomed these guiltless ones to die8 #ec4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,see ,koran1 lxxxii4 #a4 ,note the alif i wasls in lines #a and #b4 ,in line #d scan kata lat1 transposing the last vowel4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 ii4 #ed4 ,to knaves ,thy secret we must not confide1 ,to comprehend it is to fools denied1 ,see then to what hard case ,thou doomest men1 ,our hopes from one and all perforce we hide4 #ed4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,there is a variation of this1 beginning ,asrar i jahan4 #ee4 ,cupbearer6 what though fate's blows here betide us1 ,and a safe resting-place be here denied us1 ,so long as the bright wine-cup stands between us1 ,we have the very ,truth at hand to guide us4 #ee4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #c scan mayast4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #ac1 and note tashdid on hakk dropped4 ,ibid1 p4 iv4 #ef4 ,long time in wine and rose ,i took delight1 ,but then my business never went aright2 ,since wine could not accomplish my desire1 ,i have abandoned and forsworn it quite4 #ef4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #eg4 ,bring wine6 my heart with dancing spirits teems1 ,wake6 fortune's waking is as fleeting dreams2 ,quicksilver-like our days are swift of foot1 ,and youthful fire subsides as torrent streams4 #eg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #c scan bedariyi4 #eh4 ,love's devotees1 not ,moslems here you see1 ,not ,solomons1 but ants of low degree2 ,here are but faces wan and tattered rags1 ,no store of ,cairene cloth or silk have we4 #eh4 ,l4 ,n4 ,for the story of ,solomon and the ants1 see ,koran1 xxvii41 #ah4 ,kasab1 linen made in ,egypt4 #ei4 ,my law it is in pleasure's paths to stray1 ,my creed to shun the theologic fray2 ,i wedded ,luck1 and offered her a dower1 ,she said1 ,i want none1 so thy heart be gay4 #ei4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #fj4 ,from mosque an outcast1 and to church a foe1 ,allah6 of what clay didst thou form me so8 ,like sceptic monk1 or ugly courtesan1 ,no hopes have ,i above1 no joys below4 #fj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,ummed has the tashdid ob metrum4 ,bl41 ,prosody #i4 ,line #b is in metre #ag4 ,gil i mara for gil i man ra1 ,vullers1 pp4 #agc and #aic4 #fa4 ,men's lusts1 like house-dogs1 still the house distress ,with clamour1 barking for mere wantonness2 ,foxes are they1 and sleep the sleep of hares2 ,crafty as wolves1 as tigers pitiless4 #fa4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,sleep of hares1 deceit4 #fb4 ,yon turf1 fringing the margent of the stream1 ,as down upon a cherub's lip might seem1 ,or growth from dust of buried tulip cheeks2 ,tread not that turf with scorn1 or light esteem6 #fb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,juyiy3 the ya of juy is hamzated because followed by another ya4 ,vullers1 p4 #bd4 #fc4 ,hearts with the light of love illumined well1 ,whether in mosque or synagogue they dwell1 ,have their names written in the book of love1 ,unvexed by hopes of heaven or fears of hell4 #fc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,compare ,hafiz1 ,ode #gi3 ,wherever love is1 there is the light of the ,beloved's face4 #fd4 ,one draught of wine outweighs the realm of ,tus1 ,throne of ,kobad and crown of ,kai ,kawus2 ,sweeter are sighs that lovers heave at morn1 ,than all the groanings zealot breasts produce4 #fd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,kawus is the old spelling4 #fe4 ,though ,moslems for my sins condemn and chide me1 ,like heathens to my idol ,i confide me2 ,yea1 when ,i perish of a drunken bout1 ,i'll call on wine1 whatever doom betide me4 #fe4 ,l4 ,n4 #ff4 ,in drinking thus it is not my design ,to riot1 or transgress the law divine1 ,no6 to attain unconsciousness of self ,is the sole cause ,i drink me drunk with wine4 #ff4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,perhaps a hit at the orthodox ,sufis4 #fg4 ,drunkards are doomed to hell1 so men declare1 ,believe it not1 'tis but a foolish scare2 ,heaven will be empty as this hand of mine1 ,if none who love good drink find entrance there4 #fg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,line #d is in metre #ag4 #fh4 ',tis wrong1 according to the strict ,koran1 ,to drink in ,rajah1 likewise in ,sha'ban1 ,god and the ,prophet claim those months as theirs2 ,was ,ramazan then made for thirsty man8 #fh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the point1 of course1 is that ,ramazan is the ,mahammadan ,lent4 #fi4 ,now ,ramazan is come1 no wine must flow1 ,our simple pastimes we must now forego1 ,the wine we have in store we must not drink1 ,nor on our mistresses one kiss bestow4 #fi4 ,l4 ,n4 ,does ,sada mean the winter feast8 #gj4 ,what is the world8 ,a caravanserai1 ,a pied pavilion of night and day2 ,a feast whereat a thousand ,jamshids sat1 ,a couch whereon a thousand ,bahrams lay4 #gj4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,wamanda1 leavings4 #ga4 ,now that your roses bloom with flowers of bliss1 ,to grasp your goblets be not so remiss1 ,drink while you may6 ,time is a treacherous foe1 ,you may not see another day like this4 #ga4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,bar bar blooming1 on the branch1 i4e41 you are still young4 ,bl4 #gb4 ,here in this palace1 where ,bahram held sway1 ,the wild roes drop their young1 and tigers stray2 ,and that great hunter king--ah6 well-a-day6 ,now to the hunter death is fallen a prey4 #gb4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,daro3 see ,bl41 ,pros4 #aa4 #gc4 ,down fall the tears from skies enwrapt in gloom1 ,without this drink1 the flowers could never bloom6 ,as now these flowerets yield delight to me1 ,so shall my dust yield flowers1--,god knows for whom4 #gc4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #d ta is the ta i tajahul1 meaning1 ,i do not know whether1 perhaps4 ,bl4 #gd4 ,to-day is ,friday1 as the ,moslem says1 ,drink then from bowls served up in quick relays2 ,suppose on common days you drink one bowl1 ,to-day drink two1 for 'tis the prince of days4 #gd4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,friday is the day of assembly1 or ,sabbath4 #ge4 ,the very wine a myriad forms sustains1 ,and to take shapes of plants and creatures deigns ,but deem not that its essence ever dies1 ,its forms may perish1 but its self remains4 #ge4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,on this ,bl4 notes ,the ,arabic form hayawan is required by the metre4 ,and ,suwar is the ,arabic plural1 used as a singular4 ,bl41 ,prosody #e4 ,wine means the divine ,noumenon4 ,gulshan i ,raz1 #hbe4 #gf4 ',tis naught but smoke this people's fire doth bear1 ,for my well-being not a soul doth care2 ,with hands fate makes me lift up in despair1 ,i grasp men's skirts1 but find no succour there4 #gf4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,scan tayifa4 #gg4 ,this bosom friend1 on whom you so rely1 ,seems to clear wisdom's eyes an enemy2 ,choose not your friends from this rude multitude1 ,their converse is a plague 'tis best to fly4 #gg4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the ,,mss4 transpose the lines4 #gh4 ,o foolish one6 this moulded earth is naught1 ,this particoloured vault of heaven is naught2 ,our sojourn in this seat of life and death ,is but one breath1 and what is that but naught8 #gh4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,n4 ,shakl i mujassam1 the earth4 ,bl4 #gi4 ,some wine1 a ,houri 7,houris if there be71 ,a green bank by a stream1 with minstrelsy2-- ,toil not to find a better ,paradise ,if other ,paradise indeed there be6 #gi4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,dozakh i farsuda1 an old hell1 i4e41 vain things which create a hell for you4 ,bl4 #hj4 ,to the wine-house ,i saw the sage repair1 ,bearing a wine-cup1 and a mat for prayer2 ,i said1 ,o ,shaikh1 what does this conduct mean8 ,said he1 ,go drink6 the world is naught but air4 #hj4 ,n4 #ha4 ,the ,bulbul to the garden winged his way1 ,viewed lily cups1 and roses smiling gay1 ,cried in ecstatic notes1 ,o live your life1 ,you never will re-live this fleeting day4 #ha4 ,n4 ,the ,,mss4 have a variation of this beginning1 ,bulbul chu4 ,jam 4 ra4 ,see ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #ab4 #hb4 ,thy body is a tent1 where harbourage ,the ,sultan spirit takes for one brief age2 ,when he departs1 comes the tent-pitcher death1 ,strikes it1 and onward moves1 another stage4 #hb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,manzil1 in line #b1 lodging2 in line #c1 stage ,khimaye1 a tent4 #hc4 ,khayyam1 who long time stitched the tents of learning1 ,has fallen into a furnace1 and lies burning1 ,death's shears have cut his thread of life asunder1 ,fate's brokers sell him off with scorn and spurning4 #hc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #hd4 ,in the sweet spring a grassy bank ,i sought1 ,and thither wine1 and a fair ,houri brought2 ,and1 though the people called me graceless dog1 ,gave not to ,paradise another thought6 #hd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,batar1 a contraction4 ,see ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #aj4 #he4 ,sweet is rose-ruddy wine in goblets gay1 ,and sweet are lute and harp and roundelay2 ,but for the zealot who ignores the cup1 ',tis sweet when he is twenty leagues away6 #he4 ,n4 ,the ,,mss4 have a variation of this4 ,note ,khush4 #hf4 ,life1 void of wine1 and minstrels with their lutes1 ,and the soft murmurs of ,irakian flutes1 ,were nothing worth3 ,i scan the world and see3 ,save pleasure1 life yields only bitter fruits4 #hf4 ,l4 ,n4 ,see an answer to this in ,no4 #ig4 #hg4 ,make haste6 soon must you quit this life below1 ,and pass the veil1 and ,allah's secrets know1 ,make haste to take your pleasure while you may1 ,you wot not whence you come1 nor whither go4 #hg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #c scan nidaniyaz4 #hh4 ,depart we must6 what boots it then to be1 ,to walk in vain desires continually8 ,nay1 but if heaven vouchsafe no place of rest1 ,what power to cease our wanderings have we8 #hh4 ,n4 ,in line #c scan jayiga4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #ae4 #hi4 ,to chant wine's praises is my daily task1 ,i live encompassed by cup1 bowl and flask2 ,zealot6 if reason be thy guide1 then know ,that guide of me doth ofttimes guidance ask4 #hi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #a scan maddahiyi2 and compare ,horace1 ,edocet artes2 ,fecundi calices quem non fecere disertum4 #ij4 ,o men of morals6 why do ye defame1 ,and thus misjudge me8 ,i am not to blame4 ,save weakness for the grape1 and female charms1 ,what sins of mine can any of ye name8 #ij4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this change of persons is called ,iltifat4 ,gladwin1 ,persian ,rhetoric1 p4 #ef4 #ia4 ,who treads in passion's footsteps here below1 ,a helpless pauper will depart1 ,i trow2 ,remember who you are1 and whence you come4 ,consider what you do1 and whither go4 #ia4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,khabarat3 see ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 v4 #ib4 ,skies like a zone our weary lives enclose1 ,and from our tear-stained eyes a ,jihun flows2 ,hell is a fire enkindled of our griefs2 ,heaven but a moment's peace1 stolen from our woes4 #ib4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this balanced arrangement of similes is called ,tirsi'a4 ,gladwin1 p4 #e4 #ic4 ,i drown in sin--show me ,thy clemency6 ,my soul is dark--make me ,thy light to see6 ,a heaven that must be earned by painful works1 ,i call a wage1 not a gift fair and free4 #ic4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,arabic words like raza1 drop the hamza in ,persian1 except with the izafat3 7,bl41 ,prosody #ad74 ,for this hamza1 ya is often used1 as here4 #id4 ,did ,he who made me fashion me for hell1 ,or destine me for heaven8 ,i cannot tell4 ,yet will ,i not renounce cup1 lute and love1 ,nor earthly cash for heavenly credit sell4 #id4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,in line #d the izafat is dropped after silent he4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #ae4 #ie4 ,from right and left the censors came and stood1 ,saying1 ,renounce this wine1 this foe of good2 ,but if wine be the foe of holy faith1 ,by ,allah1 right it is to drink its blood6 #ie4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,see ,koran1 ii4 #ahg4 #if4 ,the good and evil with man's nature blent1 ,the weal and woe that heaven's decrees have sent1-- ,impute them not to motions of the skies1-- ,skies than thyself ten times more impotent4 #if4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,fate is merely the decree of ,allah4 ,for the distinction between kaza and kadar1 see ,pocock1 ,specimen ,historiae ,arabum1 p4 #bjg4 #ig4 ,against death's arrows what are buckles worth8 ,what all the pomps and riches of the earth8 ,when ,i survey the world1 ,i see no good ,but goodness1 all beside is nothing worth4 #ig4 ,n4 ,possibly written on the margin by some pious reader as an answer to ,no4 #hf4 #ih4 ,weak souls1 who from the world cannot refrain1 ,hold life-long fellowship with rule and pain2 ,hearts free from worldly cares have store of bliss1 ,all others seeds of bitter woe contain4 #ih4 ,l4 ,n4 ,tajrid1 see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #h1 n4 #ii4 ,he1 in whose bosom wisdom's seed is sown1 ,to waste a single day was never known2 ,either he strives to work great ,allah's will1 ,or else exalts the cup1 and works his own4 #ii4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,tarabe1 query1 takhme8 giving a line in metre #bc4 #ajj4 ,when ,allah mixed my clay1 ,he knew full well ,my future acts1 and could each one foretell2 ,without ,his will no act of mine was wrought2 ,is it then just to punish me in hell8 #ajj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,of the ,moslem theory of predestination1 ,khayyam might truly say1 ,ten thousand mortals1 drowned in endless woe1 for doing what they were compelled to do4 #aja4 ,ye1 who cease not to drink on common days1 ,do not on ,friday quit your drinking ways2 ,adopt my creed1 and count all days the same1 ,be worshippers of ,god1 and not of days4 #aja4 ,l4 ,n4 ,in line #c scan yakist4 #ajb4 ,if grace be grace1 and ,allah gracious be1 ,adam from ,paradise why banished ,he8 ,grace to poor sinners shown is grace indeed2 ,in grace hard earned by works no grace ,i see4 #ajb4 ,n4 ,the tashdid of rabb is dropped4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 iv4 #ajc4 ,dame ,fortune's smiles are full of guile1 beware6 ,her scimitar is sharp to smite1 take care6 ,if e'er she drop a sweetmeat in thy mouth1 ',tis poisonous1--to swallow it forbear6 #ajc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,hush contracted from hosh4 #ajd4 ,where'er you see a rose or tulip bed1 ,know that a mighty monarch's blood was shed ,and where the violet rears her purple tuft1 ,be sure a black-moled girl hath laid her head4 #ajd4 ,b4 ,l4 ,the ,,mss4 have a variation of this1 beginning ,har khisht ki4 #aje4 ,wine is a melting ruby1 cup its mine2 ,cup is the body1 and the soul is wine2 ,these crystal goblets smile with ruddy wine ,like tears1 that blood of wounded hearts enshrine4 #aje4 ,l4 ,b4 #ajf4 ,drink wine6 'tis life etern1 and travail's meed1 ,fruitage of youth1 and balm of age's need3 ',tis the glad time of roses1 wine and friends2 ,rejoice thy spirit--that is life indeed4 #ajf4 ,l4 ,b4 ,there being no izafat after yaran1 sar i mast must agree with hangam4 #ajg4 ,drink wine6 long must you sleep within the tomb1 ,without a friend1 or wife to cheer your gloom2 ,hear what ,i say1 and tell it not again1 ,never again can withered tulips bloom4 #ajg4 ,c4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this recalls the chorus in the ,oedipus ,coloneus4 #ajh4 ,they preach how sweet those ,houri brides will be1 ,but ,i say wine is sweeter--taste and see6 ,hold fast this cash1 and let that credit go1 ,and shun the din of empty drums like me4 #ajh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,sin1 nuptials4 ,like me1 i4e41 as ,i do4 #aji4 ,once and again my soul did me implore1 ,to teach her1 if ,i might1 the heavenly lore2 ,i bade her learn the ,alif well by heart4 ,who knows that letter well need learn no more4 #aji4 ,b4 ,alif ,kafat1 the ,one 7,god7 is enough4 ,probably a quotation4 ,hafiz 7,ode #daf7 uses the same expression3 ,he who knows the ,one knows all4 #aaj4 ,i came not hither of my own free will1 ,and go against my wish1 a puppet still2 ,cupbearer6 gird thy loins1 and fetch some wine2 ,to purge the world's despite1 my goblet fill4 #aaj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ',azme1 ya i tankir1 or tans ifi8 #aaa4 ,how long must ,i make bricks upon the sea8 ,beshrew this vain task of idolatry2 ,call not ,khayyam a denizen of hell2 ,one while in heaven1 and one in hell is he4 #aaa4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,andar-ba1 ,bl41 ,prosody #ab4 #aab4 ,sweet is the breath of ,spring to rose's face1 ,and thy sweet face adds charm to this fair place2 ,to-day is sweet1 but yesterday is sad1 ,and sad all mention of its parted grace4 #aab4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,khush is pronounced khash or khush4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #ab4 ,guyi is generally written with hamza and ya1 but in some ,,mss4 fatha is substituted for the hamza 84 #aac4 ,to-night pour wine1 and sing a dulcet air1 ,and ,i upon thy lips will hang1 ,o fair2 ,yea1 pour some wine as rosy as thy cheeks1 ,my mind is troubled like thy ruffled hair4 #aac4 ,b4 ,roziyyi4 #aad4 ,pen1 tablet1 heaven and hell ,i looked to see ,above the skies1 from all eternity2 ,at last the master sage instructed me1 ,pen1 tablet1 heaven and hell are all in thee4 #aad4 ,allah writes his decrees with the pen on the tablet4 ,koran1 lxviii4 l4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 #a1 n4 #aae4 ,the fruit of certitude he cannot pluck1 ,the path that leads thereto who never struck1 ,nor ever shook the bough with strenuous hand2 ,to-day is lost2 hope for to-morrow's luck4 #aae4 ,l4 ,b4 ,lit4 ,consider to-morrow your first day4 #aaf4 ,now spring-tide showers its foison on the land1 ,and lively hearts wend forth1 a joyous band1 ,for ',isa's breath wakes the dead earth to life1 ,and trees gleam white with flowers1 like ,musa's hand4 #aaf4 ,b4 ,alluding to the life-giving breath of ,jesus1 and the white hand of ,moses4 7,exodus1 ,,iv4 #f47 ,bakhushi dastrase 7ya i tankir71 an aid to joy1 i4e41 ,spring4 #aag4 ,alas for that cold heart1 which never glows ,with love1 nor e'er that charming madness knows2 ,the days misspent with no redeeming love2-- ,no days are wasted half as much as those6 #aag4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,b4 #aah4 ,the zephyrs waft thy fragrance1 and it takes ,my heart1 and me1 his master1 he forsakes2 ,careless of me he pants and leaps to thee1 ,and thee his pattern and ensample makes6 #aah4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,also ascribed to ,abu ,sa'id bin ,abul ,khair4 ,c4 writes buyi with two yas1 and hamza on the first4 ,the second ya seems to be ya i batni or tausifi1 though that is usual only before adjectives4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #aa4 #aai4 ,drink wine6 and then as ,mahmud thou wilt reign1 ,and hear a music passing ,david's strain3 ,think not of past or future1 seize to-day1 ,then all thy life will not be lived in vain4 #aai4 ,bl4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #abj4 ,ten ,powers1 and nine spheres1 eight heavens made ,he1 ,and planets seven1 of six sides1 as we see1 ,five senses1 and four elements1 three souls1 ,two worlds1 but only one1 ,o man1 like thee4 #abj4 ,l4 ,a summary of the ,muhammadan doctrine of ,emanations4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #ba4 ,three souls1 i4e41 vegetive1 animal and human1 as in ,aristotle's ,de ,anima4 ,akhtaram 7871 also in ,cambridge ,,ms4 #aba4 ,jewry hath seen a thousand prophets die1 ,sinai a thousand ,musas mount the sky2 ,how many ,csars ,rome's proud forum crossed6 ',neath ,kasra's dome how many monarchs lie6 #aba4 ,l4 ,j4 ,time is long and life short4 #abb4 ,gold breeds not wit1 but to wit lacking bread ,earth's flowery carpet seems a dungeon bed2 ',tis his full purse that makes the rose to smile1 ,while empty-handed violets hang the head4 #abb4 ,l4 ,alluding to the golden stamens of the rose4 ,i supply tihi from the ,cambridge ,,ms4 #abc4 ,heaven's wheel has made full many a heart to moan1 ,and many a budding rose to earth has thrown2 ,plume thee not on thy youth and lusty strength1 ,full many a bud is blasted ere 'tis blown4 #abc4 ,l4 #abd4 ,what lord is fit to rule but ,truth8 ,not one4 ,what beings disobey ,his rule8 ,not one4 ,all things that are1 are such as ,he decrees2 ,and naught is there beside beneath the sun4 #abd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,the ,truth is a ,sufi name for the ,deity4 #abe4 ,that azure coloured vault and golden tray ,have turned1 and will turn yet for many a day2 ,and just so we1 impelled by turns of fate1-- ,come here but for a while1 then pass away4 #abe4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,guzasht1 ,it is all over with us4 ,bl4 ,golden tray1 the ,sun4 #abf4 ,the ,master did himself these vessels frame1 ,why should he cast them out to scorn and shame8 ,if he has made them well1 why should he break them8 ,yea1 though he marred them1 they are not to blame4 #abf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #d suwar is an ,arabic plural used as a singular4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #e4 #abg4 ,kindness to friends and foes 'tis well to show1 ,no kindly heart can prove unkind1 ,i trow3 ,harshness will alienate a bosom friend1 ,and kindness reconcile a deadly foe4 #abg4 ,l4 ,in line #b scan neykiyash4 #abh4 ,to lovers true1 what matters dark or fair8 ,or if the loved one silk or sackcloth wear1 ,or lie on down or dust1 or rise to heaven8 ,yea1 though she sink to hell1 he'll seek her there4 #abh4 ,l4 ,probably ,mystical4 #abi4 ,full many a hill and vale ,i journeyed o'er2 ,yea1 journeyed through the world's wide quarters four1 ,but never heard of pilgrim who returned2 ,when once they go1 they go to come no more4 #abi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 7in part7 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #acj4 ,wine-houses flourish through this thirst of mine1 ,loads of remorse weigh down this back of mine2 ,yet1 if ,i sinned not1 what would mercy do8 ,mercy depends upon these sins of mine4 #acj4 ,c4 ,bl4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,bl4 quotes similar sentiments from ,nizami and ,hafiz4 ,mercy is ,god's highest attribute1 and sin is required to call it forth4 #aca4 ,thy being is the being of ,another1 ,thy passion is the passion of ,another4 ,cover thy head1 and think1 and thou wilt see1 ,thy hand is but the cover of ,another4 #aca4 ,bl4 ,meaning ,god is the ,fa'il i hakiki1 the only real ,agent4 #acb4 ,from learning to the cup your bridle turn2 ,all lore of world to come1 save ,kausar1 spurn2 ,your turban pawn for wine1 or keep a shred ,to bind your brow1 and all the remnant burn4 #acb4 ,n4 ,kausar1 the river of wine in ,paradise4 #acc4 ,see6 from the world what profit have ,i gained8 ,what fruitage of my life in hand retained8 ,what use is ,jamshid's goblet1 once 'tis crushed8 ,what pleasure's torch1 when once its light has waned8 #acc4 ,l4 ,n4 ,tarf bar bastan1to reap advantage4 #acd4 ,when life is spent1 what's ,balkh or ,nishapore8 ,what sweet or bitter1 when the cup runs o'er8 ,come drink6 full many a moon will wax and wane ,in times to come1 when we are here no more4 #acd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #ace4 ,o fair6 whose cheeks checkmate red eglantine1 ,and draw the game with those fair maids of ,chin1 ,you played one glance against the king of ,babil ,and took his pawns1 and knights1 and rooks1 and queen4 #ace4 ,l4 ,b4 #acf4 ,life's caravan is hastening on its way2 ,brood not on troubles of the coming day1 ,but fill the wine-cup1 ere sweet night be gone1 ,and snatch a pleasant moment1 while you may4 #acf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the rinds loved a dark night4 ,bl4 #acg4 ,he1 who the world's foundations erst did lay1 ,doth bruise full many a bosom day by day1 ,and many a ruby lip and musky tress ,doth coffin in the earth1 and shroud with clay4 #acg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,job1 ,is it good unto thee that thou shouldest oppress1 that thou shouldest despise the work of thine hands8 #ach4 ,be not beguiled by world's insidious wiles2 ,o foolish ones1 ye know her tricks and guiles2 ,your precious life-time cast not to the winds2 ,haste to seek wine1 and court a sweetheart's smile4 #ach4 ,n4 #aci4 ,comrades6 ,i pray you1 physic me with wine1 ,make this wan amber face like rubies shine1 ,and1 if ,i die1 use wine to wash my corpse1 ,and frame my coffin out of planks of vine6 #aci4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,kahraba1 amber1 literally attractor of straw4 #adj4 ,when ,allah yoked the courses of the sun1 ,and launched the ,pleiades their race to run1 ,my lot was fixed in fate's high chancery2 ,then why blame me for wrong that fate has done8 #adj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,also ascribed to ,afzul ,kashi4 #ada4 ,ah6 seasoned wine oft falls to rawest fools1 ,and clumsiest workmen own the finest tools2 ,and ,turki maids1 fit to delight men's hearts1 ,lavish their smiles on beardless boys in school6 #ada4 ,n4 ,so ,hafiz1 ,if that ,turki maid of ,shiraz1 etc4 #adb4 ,whilom1 ere youth's conceit had waned1 methought ,answers to all life's problems ,i had wrought2 ,but now1 grown old and wise1 too late ,i see ,my life is spent1 and all my lore is naught4 #adb4 ,n4 ,c4 ,a4 and ,i4 give another version of this4 #adc4 ,they who of prayer-mats make such great display ,are fools to bear hypocrisy's hard sway2 ,strange6 under cover of this saintly show ,they live like heathen1 and their faith betray4 #adc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #b1 note the arrangement of the prepositions4 ,there is a proverb1 ,the ,devil lives in ,mecca and ,medinah4 #add4 ,to him who would his sins extenuate1 ,let pious men this verse reiterate1 ,to call ,god's prescience the cause of sin ,in wisdom's purview is but folly's prate4 #add4 ,l4 ,n4 ,sahl1 of no account4 #ade4 ,he brought me hither1 and ,i felt surprise1 ,from life ,i gather but a dark surmise1 ,i go against my will2--thus1 why ,i come1 ,why live1 why go1 are all dark mysteries4 #ade4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 #adf4 ,when ,i recall my grievous sins to mind1 ,fire burns my breast1 and tears my vision blind2 ,yet1 when a slave repents1 is it not meet ,his lord should pardon1 and again be kind8 #adf4 ,l4 ,n4 ,in line #b1 az sar guzarad means drops from the eyes1 and in line #d1 remits the penalty4 ,this change of meaning is called ,tajnis4 #adg4 ,they at whose lore the whole world stands amazed1 ,whose high thoughts1 like ,borak1 to heaven are raised1 ,strive to know ,thee in vain1 and like heaven's wheel ,their heads are turning1 and their brains are dazed4 #adg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,borak1 or ,burak1 the steed on which ,muhammad made his famous nocturnal ascent to heaven4 #adh4 ,allah hath promised wine in ,paradise1 ,why then should wine on earth be deemed a vice8 ,an ,arab in his cups cut ,hamzah's girths1-- ,for that sole cause was drink declared a vice4 #adh4 ,l4 ,n4 ,nicolas says this refers to an event which occurred to ,hamzah1 a relation of ,muhammad4 #adi4 ,now of old joys naught but the name is left1 ,of all old friends but wine we are bereft1 ,and that wine new1 but still cleave to the cup1 ,for save the cup1 what single joy is left8 #adi4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #aej4 ,the world will last long after ,khayyam's fame ,has passed away1 yea1 and his very name2 ,aforetime we were not1 and none did heed4 ,when we are dead and gone1 'twill be the same4 #aej4 ,n4 #aea4 ,the sages who have compassed sea and land1 ,their secret to search out1 and understand1-- ,my mind misgives me if they ever solve ,the scheme on which this universe is planned4 #aea4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #aeb4 ,ah6 wealth takes wings1 and leaves our hands all bare1 ,and death's rough hands delight our hearts to tear2 ,and from the nether world none e'er escapes1 ,to bring us news of the poor pilgrims there4 #aeb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #aec4 ',tis passing strange1 those titled noblemen ,find their own lives a burden sore1 but when ,they meet with poorer men1 not slaves to sense1 ,they scarcely deign to reckon them as men4 #aec4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #aed4 ,the wheel on high1 still busied with despite1 ,will ne'er unloose a wretch from his sad plight2 ,but when it lights upon a smitten heart1 ,straightway essays another blow to smite4 #aed4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,vullers1 ,section #bjg4 #aee4 ,now is the volume of my youth outworn1 ,and all my spring-tide blossoms rent and torn4 ,ah1 bird of youth6 ,i marked not when you came1 ,nor when you fled1 and left me thus forlorn4 #aee4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #aef4 ,these fools1 by dint of ignorance most crass1 ,think they in wisdom all mankind surpass2 ,and glibly do they damn as infidel1 ,whoever is not1 like themselves1 an ass4 #aef4 ,n4 ,so ,job1 ,ye are the people1 and wisdom shall die with you4 ,probably addressed to the ',ulama4 #aeg4 ,still be the wine-house thronged with its glad choir1 ,and ,pharisaic skirts burnt up with fire1 ,still be those tattered frocks and azure robes ,trod under feet of revellers in the mire4 #aeg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,j4 ,hafiz 7,ode ,v47 speaks of the blue robes of certain ,dervishes as a mark of hypocrisy4 #aeh4 ,why toil ye to ensure illusions vain1 ,and good or evil of the world attain8 ,ye rise like ,zamzam1 or the fount of life1 ,and1 like them1 in earth's bosom sink again4 #aeh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #aei4 ,till the ,friend pours his wine to glad my heart1 ,no kisses to my face will heaven impart ,they say1 ,repent in time2 but how repent1 ,ere ,allah's grace hath softened my hard heart8 #aei4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,meaning1 man is powerless to mend his ways without ,divine grace4 #afj4 ,when ,i am dead1 take me and grind me small1 ,so that ,i be a caution unto all1 ,and knead me into clay with wine1 and then ,use me to stop the wine-jar's mouth withal4 #afj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #afa4 ,what though the sky with its blue canopy ,doth close us in so that we cannot see1 ,in the etern ,cupbearer's wine methinks1 ,there float a myriad bubbles like to me4 #afa4 ,n4 #afb4 ,take heart6 ,long in the weary tomb you'll lie1 ,while stars keep countless watches in the sky1 ,and see your ashes moulded into bricks1 ,to build another's house and turrets high4 #afb4 ,l4 ,n4 ,c4 ,a4 and ,i4 split this into two4 ,in line #a note izafat dropped after silent he4 #afc4 ,glad hearts1 who seek not notoriety1 ,nor flaunt in gold and silken bravery1 ,haunt not this ruined earth like gloomy owls1 ,but wing their way1 ,simurgh-like1 to the sky4 #afc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #afd4 ,wine's power is known to wine-bibbers alone1 ,to narrow heads and hearts 'tis never shown2 ,i blame not them who never felt its force1 ,for1 till they feel it1 how can it be known4 #afd4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #afe4 ,needs must the tavern-hunter bathe in wine1 ,for none can make a tarnished name to shine2 ,go6 bring me wine1 for none can now restore ,its pristine sheen to this soiled veil of mine4 #afe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,in line #c scan masturiyi dissolving the letter of prolongation ya4 #aff4 ,i wasted life in hope1 yet gathered not ,in all my life of happiness one jot2 ,now my fear is that life may not endure4 ,till ,i have taken vengeance on my lot6 #aff4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,rozgare1 some time4 ,in line #c note the madd of ,an dropped4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #aa4 #afg4 ,be very wary in the soul's domain1 ,and on the world's affairs your lips refrain2 ,be1 as it were1 sans tongue1 sans ear1 sans eye1 ,while tongue1 and ears1 and eyes you still retain4 #afg4 ,l4 ,n4 #afh4 ,let him rejoice who has a loaf of bread1 ,a little nest wherein to lay his head1 ,is slave to none1 and no man slaves for him1-- ,in truth his lot is wondrous well bested4 #afh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 #afi4 ,what adds my service to ,thy majesty8 ,or how can sin of mine dishonour ,thee8 ,o pardon1 then1 and punish not1 ,i know ,thou'rt slow to wrath1 and prone to clemency4 #afi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #agj4 ,hands1 such as mine1 that handle bowls of wine1 ',twere shame to book and pulpit to confine2 ,zealot6 thou'rt dry1 and ,i am moist with drink1 ,yea1 far too moist to catch that fire of thine6 #agj4 ,l4 ,n4 ,i follow ,nicolas in taking mani as a possessive pronoun1 mine1 though such a word is not mentioned in any grammar or dictionary4 ,it occurs again in ,no4 #dgh4 #aga4 ,whoso aspires to gain a rose-cheeked fair1 ,sharp pricks from fortune's thorns must learn to bear4 ,see6 till this comb was cleft by cruel cuts1 ,it never dared to touch my lady's hair4 #aga4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,lyttleton expresses a similar sentiment4 #agb4 ,for ever may my hands on wine be stayed4 ,and my heart pant for some fair ,houri maid6 ,they say1 ,may ,allah aid thee to repent6 ,repent ,i could not1 e'en with ,allah's aid6 #agb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,note the conjunctive pronoun separated from its noun4 #agc4 ,soon shall ,i go1 by time and fate deplored1 ,of all my precious pearls not one is bored2 ,alas6 there die with me a thousand truths ,to which these fools fit audience ne'er accord4 #agc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #agd4 ,to-day how sweetly breathes the temperate air1 ,the rains have newly laved the parched parterre2 ,and ,bulbuls cry in notes of ecstasy1 ,thou too1 ,o pallid rose1 our wine must share6 #agd4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #age4 ,ere you succumb to shocks of mortal pain1 ,the rosy grape-juice from your wine-cup drain4 ,you are not gold1 that1 hidden in the earth1 ,your friends should care to dig you up again6 #age4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,note the old form of the imperative4 #agf4 ,my coming brought no profit to the sky1 ,nor does my going swell its majesty2 ,coming and going put me to a stand1 ,ear never heard their wherefore nor their why4 #agf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,voltaire has some similar lines in his poem on the ,lisbon earthquake4 #agg4 ,the heavenly ,sage1 whose wit exceeds compare1 ,counteth each vein1 and numbereth every hair2 ,men you may cheat by hypocritic arts1 ,but how cheat ,him to whom all hearts are bare8 #agg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #agh4 ,ah6 wine lends wings to many a weary wight1 ,and beauty spots to ladies' faces bright2 ,all ,ramazan ,i have not drunk a drop1 ,thrice welcome1 then1 ,o ,bairam's blessed night6 #agh4 ,bairam1 the feast on the #ast ,shawwal1 after ,ramazan4 ,in line #b ,khirad seems wrong1 the rhyme would suggest ,kharo8 #agi4 ,all night in deep bewilderment ,i fret1 ,with tear-drops big as pearls my breast is wet2 ,i cannot fill my cranium with wine1 ,how can it hold wine1 when 'tis thus upset8 #agi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,note tashdid of durr dropped4 #ahj4 ,to prayer and fasting when my heart inclined1 ,all my desire ,i surely hoped to find2 ,alas6 my purity is stained with wine1 ,my prayers are wasted like a breath of wind4 #ahj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #b scan ,kulliyam4 ,in line #d note izafat dropped after silent he4 #aha4 ,i worship rose-red cheeks with heart and soul1 ,i suffer not my hand to quit the bowl1 ,i make each part of me his function do1 ,or e'er my parts be swallowed in the ,whole4 #aha4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,line #d alludes to reabsorption in the ,divine essence4 ,note juzwiyam1 and tashdid of kull dropped4 #ahb4 ,this worldly love of yours is counterfeit1 ,and1 like a half-spent blaze1 lacks light and heat2 ,true love is his1 who for days1 months and years1 ,rests not1 nor sleeps1 nor craves for drink or meat4 #ahb4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,line #c is in metre #ag4 #ahc4 ,why spend life in vainglorious essay ,all ,being and ,not-being to survey8 ,since ,death is ever pressing at your heels1 ',tis best to drink or dream your life away4 #ahc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #b scan payi4 ,being1 i4e41 the ,deity1 the only real existence1 and ,not-being1 the nonentity in which ,his attributes are reflected4 #ahd4 ,some hanker after that vain phantasy ,of ,houris1 feigned in ,paradise to be1 ,but1 when the veil is lifted1 they will find ,how far they are from ,thee1 how far from ,thee6 #ahd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #ahe4 ,in ,paradise1 they tell us1 ,houris dwell1 ,and fountains run with wine and oxymel3 ,if these be lawful in the world to come1 ,surely 'tis right to love them here as well4 #ahe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #ahf4 ,a draught of wine would make a mountain dance1 ,base is the churl who looks at wine askance2 ,wine is a soul our bodies to inspire1 ,a truce to this vain talk of temperance6 #ahf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #ahg4 ,oft doth my soul her prisoned state bemoan1 ,her earth-born co-mate she would fain disown1 ,and quit1 did not the stirrup of the law ,upbear her foot from dashing on the stone4 #ahg4 ,n4 ,meaning1 ,i would make away with myself1 were it not for the ,almighty's canon 'gainst self-slaughter4 #ahh4 ,the moon of ,ramazan is risen1 see6 ,alas1 our wine must henceforth banished be2 ,well6 on ,sha'ban's last day ,i'll drink enough ,to keep me drunk till ,bairam's jubilee4 #ahh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,note wa omitted in line #b4 ,also ascribed to ,jalal ',asad ,bardi4 #ahi4 ,from life we draw now wine1 now dregs to drink1 ,now flaunt in silk1 and now in tatters shrink2 ,such changes wisdom holds of slight account ,to those who stand on death's appalling brink6 #ahi4 ,n4 #aij4 ,what sage the eternal tangle e'er unravelled1 ,or one short step beyond his nature travelled8 ,from pupils to the masters turn your eyes1 ,and see1 each mother's son alike is gravelled4 #aij4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,in line #a note ra put after the genitive1 following its noun4 ',ijz4 444 impotence is in the hand of each4 ,beyond his nature1 i4e41 beyond the limit of his own thought4 #aia4 ,crave not of worldly sweets to take your fill1 ,nor wait on turns of fortune1 good or ill2 ,be of light heart1 as are the skies above1 ,they roll a round or two1 and then lie still4 #aia4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,the skies have their allotted term like you1 yet do not distress themselves4 #aib4 ,what eye can pierce the veil of ,god's decrees1 ,or read the riddle of earth's destinies8 ,pondered have ,i for years threescore and ten1 ,but still am baffled by these mysteries4 #aib4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,so ,job1 ,the thunder of his power who can understand8 #aic4 ,they say1 when the last trump shall sound its knell1 ,our ,friend will sternly judge1 and doom to hell4 ,can aught but good from perfect goodness come8 ,compose your trembling hearts1 'twill all be well4 #aic4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,juzi1 787 juz az4 #aid4 ,drink wine to root up metaphysic weeds1 ,and tangle of the two-and-seventy creeds2 ,do not forswear that wondrous alchemy1 ',twill turn to gold1 and cure a thousand needs4 #aid4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,muhammad said1 ,my people shall be divided into seventy-three sects1 all of which1 save one1 shall have their portion in the fire4 ,pocock1 ,specimen #baj4 #aie4 ,though drink is wrong1 take care with whom you drink1 ,and who you are that drink1 and what you drink2 ,and drink at will1 for1 these three points observed1 ,who but the very wise can ever drink8 #aie4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,a hit at the casuistry on the subject of wine4 #aif4 ,to drain a gallon beaker ,i design1 ,yea1 two great beakers1 brimmed with richest wine2 ,old faith and reason thrice will ,i divorce1 ,then take to wife the daughter of the vine4 #aif4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,a triple divorce is irrevocable4 ,koran1 ii4 #bcj4 #aig4 ,true ,i drink wine1 like every man of sense1 ,for ,i know ,allah will not take offence2 ,before time was1 ,he knew that ,i should drink1 ,and who am ,i to thwart ,his prescience8 #aig4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 #aih4 ,rich men1 who take to drink1 the world defy ,with shameless riot1 and as beggars die2 ,place in my ruby pipe some emerald hemp1 ',twill do as well to blind care's serpent eye4 #aih4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,scan af'ayi4 ,the emerald is supposed to have the virtue of blinding serpents4 #aii4 ,these fools have never burnt the midnight oil ,in deep research1 nor do they ever toil ,to step beyond themselves1 but dress them fine1 ,and plot of credit others to despoil4 #aii4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n1 ,a4 ,i4 ,shame chand ,vullers 7p4 #bec7 takes this ya to be ya i tankir2 and ,lumsden 7ii4 #bfi7 says the presence of this letter1 between a noun and its attribute1 dispenses with the izafat 7874 ,but why not add the izafat1 and scan ,shamiyi8 #bjj4 ,when false dawn streaks the east with cold1 grey line1 ,pour in your cups the pure blood of the vine2 ,the truth1 they say1 tastes bitter in the mouth1 ,this is a token that the ,truth is wine4 #bjj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,false dawn1 the faint light before sunrise4 #bja4 ,now is the time earth decks her greenest bowers1 ,and trees1 like ,musa's hand1 grow white with flowers6 ,as 'twere at ',isa's breath the plants revive1 ,while clouds brim o'er1 like tearful eyes1 with showers4 #bja4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,musa and ',isa are often written without the alif i maksur4 ,bl41 ,prosody #c4 #bjb4 ,o burden not thyself with drudgery1 ,lord of white silver and red gold to be2 ,but feast with friends1 ere this warm breath of thine ,be chilled in death1 and earthworms feast on thee4 #bjb4 ,n4 #bjc4 ,the showers of grape-juice1 which cupbearers pour1 ,quench fires of grief in many a sad heart's core ,praise be to ,allah1 who hath sent this balm ,to heal sore hearts1 and spirits' health restore6 #bjc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,in line #a some ,,mss4 reads bakhak4 ,didayi garm1 eyes of anguish4 ,scan garm atishi 7,alif i wasl74 #bjd4 ,can alien ,pharisees ,thy kindness tell1 ,like us1 ,thy intimates1 who nigh ,thee dwell8 ,thou say'st1 ,all sinners will ,i burn with fire4 ,say that to strangers1 we know ,thee too well4 #bjd4 ,n4 #bje4 ,o comrades dear1 when hither ye repair ,in times to come1 communion sweet to share1 ,while the cupbearer pours your old ,magh wine1 ,call poor ,khayyam to mind1 and breathe a prayer4 #bje4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,mayi4 ,the second ya is the ya i batni4 #bjf4 ,for me heaven's sphere no music ever made1 ,nor yet with soothing voice my fears allayed2 ,if e'er ,i found brief respite from my woes1 ,back to woe's thrall ,i was at once betrayed4 #bjf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #bjg4 ,sooner with half a loaf contented be1 ,and water from a broken crock1 like me1 ,than lord it over one poor fellow-man1 ,or to another bow the vassal knee4 #bjg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #b note izafat dropped after silent he1 ,kam az ,khude1 one less than yourself4 ,vullers1 p4 #bed4 #bjh4 ,while ,moon and ,venus in the sky shall dwell1 ,none shall see aught red grape-juice to excel3 ,o foolish publicans1 what can you buy ,one half so precious as the goods you sell8 #bjh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 #bji4 ,they who by genius1 and by power of brain1 ,the rank of man's enlighteners attain1 ,not even they emerge from this dark night1 ,but tell their dreams1 and fall asleep again4 #bji4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,fisanaye1 ya i tankir4 #baj4 ,at dawn1 when dews bedeck the tulip's face1 ,and violets their heavy heads abase1 ,i love to see the roses' folded buds1 ,with petals closed against the wind's disgrace4 #baj4 ,l4 ,b4 #baa4 ,like as the skies rain down sweet jessamine1 ,and sprinkle all the meads with eglantine1 ,right so1 from out this jug of violet hue1 ,i pour in lily cups this rosy wine4 #baa4 ,b4 ,here read mayi1 with one ya1 and kasra1 because the metre requires a word of only two consonants1 and two short vowels1 of the wazn mafa4 #bab4 ,ah6 thou hast snared this head1 though white as snow1 ,which oft has vowed the wine-cup to forego2 ,and wrecked the mansion long resolve did build1 ,and rent the vesture penitence did sew6 #bab4 ,b4 ,nabid is often written nabiz1 probably a survival from the time when dals were dotted4 ,bl41 ,prosody #ag4 #bac4 ,i am not one whom ,death doth much dismay1 ,life's terrors all ,death's terrors far outweigh2 ,this life1 that ,heaven hath lent me for a while1 ,i will pay back1 when it is time to pay4 #bac4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,b4 reads nim for bim in line #b4 #bad4 ,the stars1 who dwell on heaven's exalted stage1 ,baffle the wise diviners of our age2 ,take heed1 hold fast the rope of mother wit4 ,these augurs all distrust their own presage4 #bad4 ,l4 ,b4 ,a hit at the astrologers4 #bae4 ,the people who the heavenly world adorn1 ,who come each night1 and go away each morn1 ,now on ,heaven's skirt1 and now in earth's deep pouch1 ,while ,allah lives1 shall aye anew be born6 #bae4 ,l4 ,b4 ,earth's pouch1 i4e41 beneath the earth4 ,rezaye4 ,l4 reads didaye4 ,both readings are probably wrong4 #baf4 ,slaves of vain wisdom and philosophy1 ,who toil at ,being and ,nonentity1 ,parching your brains till they are like dry grapes1 ,be wise in time1 and drink grape-juice1 like me6 #baf4 ,b4 ,the vanity of learning4 #bag4 ,sense1 seeking happiness1 bids us pursue ,all present joys1 and present griefs eschew2 ,she says1 we are not as the meadow grass1 ,which1 when they mow it down1 springs up anew4 #bag4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,goyid1 from goyidan4 ,ya i maksur followed by another ya is in ,persian words always hamzated 7,lumsden1 i4 #bi2 ,vullers1 p4 #bd72 and this hamza i maksur is pronounced ye4 ,ibrahim1 ,grammar1 p4 #bd4 #bah4 ,now ,ramazan is past1 ,shawwal comes back1 ,and feast and song and joy no more we lack2 ,the wine-skin carriers throng the streets and cry1 ,here comes the porter with his precious pack4 #bah4 ,b4 ,i incline to read pusht bast for pusht pusht1 which ,i do not understand4 #bai4 ,my comrades all are gone2 ,death1 deadly foe1 ,has caught them one by one1 and trampled low2 ,they shared life's feast1 and drank its wine with me1 ,but lost their heads1 and dropped a while ago4 #bai4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,quoted by ,badauni1 ii4 #aei4 #bbj4 ,those hypocrites1 all know so well1 who lurk ,in streets to beg their bread1 and will not work1 ,claim to be saints1 like ,shibli and ,junaid1 ,no ,shiblis are they1 though well known in ,karkh6 #bbj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,l4 ,reads bakahna namad1 but the line will not scan with that reading4 ,line #d is in metre #i4 ,a saint called ,ma'ruf i ,karkhi1 the famed one of ,karkh1 is mentioned in the ,nafahat ul ,uns4 ,karkh was a suburb of ,bagdad4 #bba4 ,when the great ,founder moulded me of old1 ,he mixed much baser metal with my gold2 ,better or fairer ,i can never be ,than ,i first issued from his heavenly mould4 #bba4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 #bbb4 ,the joyous souls who quaff potations deep1 ,and saints who in the mosques sad vigils keep1 ,are lost at sea alike1 and find no shore1 ,,one only wakes1 all others are asleep4 #bbb4 ,l4 ,b4 ,one1 i4e41 the ,deity4 #bbc4 ,not-being's water served to mix my clay1 ,and on my heart grief's fire doth ever prey1 ,and blown am ,i like wind about the world1 ,and last my crumbling earth is swept away4 #bbc4 ,l4 ,this introduction of the four elements in one quatrain is called ,mutazadd4 ,gladwin1 p4 #fj4 #bbd4 ,small gains to learning on this earth accrue1 ,they pluck life's fruitage1 learning who eschew2 ,take pattern by the fools who learning shun1 ,and then perchance shall fortune smile on you4 #bbd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,bu contracted from buzad #bbe4 ,when the fair soul this mansion doth vacate1 ,each element assumes its primal state1 ,and all the silken furniture of life ,is then dismantled by the blows of fate4 #bbe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,abresham tab'1 like ,hatim tab'4 #bbf4 ,these people string their beads of learned lumber1 ,and tell of ,allah stories without number2 ,yet never solve the riddle of the skies1 ,but wag the chin1 and get them back to slumber4 #bbf4 ,possibly a hit at the ,mutakallamin1 or scholastic theologians4 #bbg4 ,these folk are asses1 laden with conceit1 ,and glittering drums1 that empty sounds repeat1 ,and humble slaves are they of name and fame1 ,acquire a name1 and1 lo6 they kiss thy feet4 #bbg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,ba afsos is an epithet1 like ba khabar1 and hence kharan1 the noun qualified by it1 takes the izafat4 ,lumsden1 ii4 #bei4 ,pur mash'ala1 full of glitter2 compare pur mae in ,no4 #agi4 #bbh4 ,on the dread day of final scrutiny ,thou wilt be rated by thy quality2 ,get wisdom and fair qualities to-day1 ,for1 as thou art1 requited wilt thou be4 #bbh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 #bbi4 ,many fine heads1 like bowls1 the ,brazier made1 ,and thus his own similitude portrayed2 ,he set one upside down above our heads1 ,which keeps us all continually afraid4 #bbi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,one upside down1 i4e41 the sky4 ,kansa is also spelled kasa4 #bcj4 ,my true condition ,i may thus explain ,in two short verses which the whole contain3 ,from love to ,thee ,i now lay down my life1 ,in hope ,thy love will raise me up again4 #bcj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,scan wakiayi4 ,here hamza stands for ya i tankir4 #bca4 ,the heart1 like tapers1 takes at beauty's eyes ,a flame1 and lives by that whereby it dies2 ,and beauty is a flame where hearts1 like moths1 ,offer themselves a burning sacrifice4 #bca4 ,l4 ,metre ,ramal1 ,no4 #ej4 ,in line #c the first syllable is short4 ,see ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #dc4 ,in this form the metre is like ,horace's ,miserarum est1 etc4 #bcb4 ,to please the righteous life itself ,i sell1 ,and1 though they tread me down1 never rebel2 ,men say1 ,inform us what and where is hell8 ,ill company will make this earth a hell4 #bcb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,also ascribed to ,hafiz4 #bcc4 ,the sun doth smite the roofs with ,orient ray ,and1 ,khosrau like1 his wine-red sheen display2 ,arise1 and drink6 the herald of the dawn ,uplifts his voice1 and cries1 ,oh1 drink to-day6 #bcc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bcd4 ,comrades6 when e'er you meet together here1 ,recall your friend to mind1 and drop a tear2 ,and when the circling wine-cups reach his seat1 ,pray turn one upside down his dust to cheer4 #bcd4 ,b4 ,a variation of ,no4 #bje4 #bce4 ,that grace and favour at the first1 what meant it8 ,that lavishing of joy and peace1 what meant it8 ,but now thy purpose is to grieve my heart2 ,what did ,i do to cause this change8 ,what meant it8 #bce4 ,b4 ,so ,job1 ,he multiplieth my wounds without cause4 #bcf4 ,these hypocrites who build on saintly show1 ,treating the body as the spirit's foe1 ,if they will shut their mouths with lime1 like jars1 ,my jar of grape-juice ,i will then forego4 #bcf4 ,l4 ,b4 ,b4 reads arra1 of which ,i can make no sense4 ,bar fark niham1 ,i will put aside2 bar fark 7line #d71 on their mouths4 #bcg4 ,many have come1 and run their eager race1 ,striving for pleasures1 luxuries1 or place1 ,and quaffed their wine1 and now all silent lie1 ,enfolded in their parent earth's embrace4 #bcg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 #bch4 ,then1 when the good reap fruits of labours past1 ,my hapless lot with drunkards will be cast2 ,if good1 may ,i be numbered with the first1 ,if bad1 find grace and mercy with the last4 #bch4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 #bci4 ,of happy turns of fortune take your fill1 ,seek pleasure's couch1 or wine-cup1 as you will2 ,allah regards not if you sin1 or saint it1 ,so take your pleasure1 be it good or ill4 #bci4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,alluding to the ,hadis1 ,these are in heaven1 and ,allah regards not their sins1 and those in hell1 and ,allah regards not their good works4 ,see ,gulshan i' ,raz1 p4 #ee4 #bdj4 ,heaven multiplies our sorrows day by day1 ,and grants no joys it does not take away2 ,if those unborn could know the ills we bear1 ,what think you1 would they rather come or stay8 #bdj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this recalls ,byron's ,stanzas for ,music4 #bda4 ,why ponder thus the future to foresee1 ,and jade thy brain to vain perplexity8 ,cast off thy care1 leave ,allah's plans to him1 ,he formed them all without consulting thee4 #bda4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bdb4 ,the tenants of the tombs to dust decay1 ,nescient of self1 and all beside are they2 ,their sundered atoms float about the world1 ,like mirage clouds1 until the judgment day4 #bdb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #d some ,,mss4 read sharab and change the order of the lines4 #bdc4 ,o soul6 lay up all earthly goods in store1 ,thy mead with pleasure's flowerets spangle o'er2 ,and know 'tis all as dew1 that decks the flowers ,for one short night1 and then is seen no more6 #bdc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,there are several variations of this4 #bdd4 ,heed not the ,sunna1 nor the law divine2 ,if to the poor his portion you assign1 ,and never injure one1 nor yet abuse1 ,i guarantee you heaven1 and now some wine6 #bdd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,see ,koran1 ii4 #agb3 ,there is no piety in turning your faces to the east or west1 but he is pious who believeth in ,god 444 and disburseth his wealth to the needy1 etc4 #bde4 ,vexed by this wheel of things1 that pets the base1 ,my sorrow-laden life drags on apace2 ,like rosebud1 from the storm ,i wrap me close1 ,and blood-spots on my heart1 like tulip1 trace4 #bde4 ,n4 #bdf4 ,youth is the time to pay court to the vine1 ,to quaff the cup1 with revellers to recline2 ,a flood of water once laid waste the earth1 ,hence learn to lay you waste with floods of wine4 #bdf4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bdg4 ,the world is baffled in its search for ,thee1 ,wealth cannot find ,thee1 no1 nor poverty2 ,thou'rt very near us1 but our ears are deaf1 ,our eyes are blinded that we may not see6 #bdg4 ,n4 ,so ,hafiz1 ,ode #cee 7,brockhaus73 ,how can our eyes behold ,thee as ,thou art8 #bdh4 ,take care you never hold a drinking-bout ,with an ill-tempered1 ill-conditioned lout2 ,he'll make a vile disturbance all night long1 ,and vile apologies next day1 no doubt4 #bdh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #c scan badmastiyo and in line #d ,khwahiyash4 #bdi4 ,the starry aspects are not all benign2 ,why toil then after vain desires1 and pine ,to lade thyself with load of fortune's boons1 ,only to drop it with this life of thine8 #bdi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bej4 ,o comrades6 here is filtered wine1 come drink6 ,pledge all your charming sweethearts as you drink2 ',tis the grape's blood1 and this is what it says1 ,to you ,i dedicate my life-blood6 drink6 #bej4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bea4 ,are you depressed8 ,then take of bhang one grain1 ,of rosy grape-juice take one pint or twain2 ,sufis1 you say1 must not take this or that1 ,then go and eat the pebbles off the plain6 #bea4 ,n4 ,in line #a and #b scan yakjawaki and manaki1 ak being the diminutive1 and ya the ya i tankir1 displacing the izafat3 ,lumsden1 ii1 #bfi4 ,bhang1 a narcotic1 made from hemp4 #beb4 ,i saw a busy potter by the way ,kneading with might and main a lump of clay2 ,and1 lo6 the clay cried1 ,use me gently1 pray2 ,i was a man myself but yesterday6 #beb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,hal1 ecstasy4 #bec4 ,oh6 wine is richer that the realm of ,jam1 ,more fragrant than the food of ,miriam2 ,sweeter are sighs that drunkards heave at morn ,than strains of ,bu ,sa'id and ,bin ,adham4 #bec4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,abu ,sa'id ,abu'l ,khair and ,ibrahim ,bin ,adham are both mentioned in the ,nafahat ul ,uns4 ,miriam's food4 ,see ,koran1 xix4 #bd4 ,note izafat dropped after silent he4 #bed4 ,deep in the rondure of the heavenly blue1 ,there is a cup1 concealed from mortals' view1 ,which all must drink in turn2 ,oh1 sigh not then1 ,but drink it boldly1 when it comes to you6 #bed4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,jawr1 a bumper4 #bee4 ,though you should live to four1 or forty score1 ,go hence you must1 as all have gone before2 ,then1 be you king1 or beggar of the streets1 ,they'll rate you all the same1 no less1 no more4 #bee4 ,l4 #bef4 ,if you seek ,him1 abandon child and wife1 ,arise1 and sever all these ties to life2 ,all these are bonds to check you on your course4 ,arise1 and cut these bonds1 as with a knife4 #bef4 ,l4 ,b4 ,so ,gulshan i ,raz1 l4 #idd4 #beg4 ,o heart6 this world is but a fleeting show1 ,why should its empty griefs distress thee so8 ,bow down1 and bear thy fate1 the eternal pen ,will not unwrite its roll for thee1 ,i trow6 #beg4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,the pen is that with which ,allah writes his decrees4 #beh4 ,who e'er returned of all that went before1 ,to tell of that long road they travel o'er8 ,leave naught undone of what you have to do1 ,for when you go1 you will return no more4 #beh4 ,c4 ,n4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,amadaye1 ya i tankir4 #bei4 ,dark wheel6 how many lovers thou hast slain1 ,like ,mahmud and ,ayaz1 ,o inhumane6 ,come1 let us drink1 thou grantest not two lives1 ,when one is spent1 we find it not again4 #bei4 ,l4 ,n4 ,mahmud1 the celebrated king of ,ghazni1 and ,ayaz his favourite4 ,scan wayaz 7alif i wasl74 #bfj4 ,illustrious ,prophet6 whom all kings obey1 ,when is our darkness lightened by wine's ray8 ,on ,sunday1 ,monday1 ,tuesday1 ,wednesday1 ,thursday1 ,friday1 and ,saturday1 both night and day6 #bfj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the jim in panjshamba is dropped in scanning4 ,see ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #aj4 ,in line #d note silent he in shauba scanned long as well as short4 #bfa4 ,o turn away those roguish eyes of thine6 ,be still6 seek not my peace to undermine6 ,thou say'st1 ,look not4 ,i might as well essay ,to slant my goblet1 and not spill my wine4 #bfa4 ,n4 ,line #d1 a proverb denoting an impossibility4 #bfb4 ,in taverns better far commune with ,thee1 ,than pray in mosques1 and fail ,thy face to see6 ,o first and last of all ,thy creatures ,thou1 ',tis ,thine to burn1 and ,thine to cherish me6 #bfb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this is clearly an address to the ,deity4 #bfc4 ,to wise and worthy men your life devote1 ,but from the worthless keep your walk remote2 ,dare to take poison from a sage's hand1 ,but from a fool refuse an antidote4 #bfc4 ,l4 ,n4 ,line #b is in metre #ag4 #bfd4 ,i flew here1 as a bird from the wild1 in aim ,up to a higher nest my course to frame1 ,but1 finding here no guide who knows the way1 ,fly out by the same door where through ,i came4 #bfd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bfe4 ,he binds us in resistless ,nature's chain1 ,and yet bids us our natures to restrain2 ,between these counter rules we stand perplexed1 ,hold the jar slant1 but all the wine retain4 #bfe4 ,l4 ,n4 ,in line #c scan nahyash4 ,so ,lord ,brooke in ,mustapha2 ,ward's ,english ,poets1 i4 #cgj4 #bff4 ,they go away1 and none is seen returning1 ,to teach that other world's recondite learning2 ',twill not be shown for dull mechanic prayers1 ,for prayer is naught without true heartfelt yearning4 #bff4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,the formal prayers of ,moslems are rather ascriptions of praise1 and repetitions of texts1 than petitions4 #bfg4 ,go to6 ,cast dust on those deaf skies1 who spurn ,thy orisons and bootless prayers1 and learn ,to quaff the cup1 and hover round the fair2 ,of all who go1 did ever one return8 #bfg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,an answer to the last4 #bfh4 ,though ,khayyam strings no pearls of righteous deeds1 ,nor sweeps from off his soul sin's noisome weeds1 ,yet will he not despair of heavenly grace1 ,seeing that ,,one as two he ne'er misreads4 #bfh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,tauhid1 or ,unitarianism1 is the central doctrine of ,islam4 ,so ,hafiz1 ,ode #dfe4 #bfi4 ,again to tavern haunts do we repair1 ,and say ,adieu to the five hours of prayer2 ,where'er we see a long-necked flask of wine1 ,we elongate our necks that wine to share4 #bfi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,takbir1 or tekbir the formula ,allah akbar1 in saying which the mind should be abstracted from worldly thoughts2 hence renunciation4 ,see ,nicolas4 #bgj4 ,we are but chessmen1 destined1 it is plain1 ,that great chess-player1 ,heaven1 to entertain2 ,it moves us on life's chess-board to and fro1 ,and then in death's dark box shuts up again4 #bgj4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,hakikati1 see ,bl41 ,prosody #c4 #bga4 ,you ask what is this life so frail1 so vain1 ',tis long to tell1 yet will ,i make it plain2 ',tis but a breath blown from the vasty deeps1 ,and then blown back to those same deeps again6 #bga4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,some ,,mss4 read naksh4 ,deeps1 i4e41 the ocean of ,not-being4 #bgb4 ,to-day to heights of rapture have ,i soared1 ,yea1 and with drunken ,maghs pure wine adored2 ,i am become beside myself1 and rest ,in that pure temple1 ,am not ,i your ,lord8 #bgb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,alasto birabbikum1 ,allah's words to ,adam's sons3 ,koran vii4 #aga4 ,so in ,hafiz1 ,ode #dc 7,brockhaus74 #bgc4 ,my queen 7long may she live to vex her slave67 ,to-day a token of affection gave1 ,darting a kind glance from her eyes1 she passed1 ,and said1 ,do good and cast it on the wave6 #bgc4 ,l4 ,n4 ,meaning1 hope not for a return to your love4 ,nekuyey1 a good act1 ya conjunctive and ya i tankir1 ,vullers1 p4 #bej4 #bgd4 ,i put my lips to the cup1 for ,i did yearn ,the hidden cause of length of days to learn2 ,he leaned his lip to mine1 and whispered low1 ,drink6 for1 once gone1 you never will return4 #bgd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,some ,,mss4 give line #d differently4 #bge4 ,we lay in the cloak of ,naught1 asleep and still1 ,thou said'st1 ,awake6 taste the world's good and ill2 ,here we are puzzled by ,thy strange command1 ,from slanted jars no single drop to spill4 #bge4 ,l4 ,naught1 i4e41 ,not-being4 ,see note to ,no4 #ahc4 #bgf4 ,o ,thou6 who know'st the secret thoughts of all1 ,in time of sorest need who aidest all1 ,grant me repentance1 and accept my plea1 ,o ,thou who dost accept the pleas of all6 #bgf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,note tashdid on rabb dropped4 #bgg4 ,i saw a bird perched on the walls of ,tus1 ,before him lay the skull of ,kai ,kawus1 ,and thus he made his moan1 ,alas1 poor king6 ,thy drums are hushed1 thy 'larums have rung truce4 #bgg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,tus was near ,nishapur4 #bgh4 ,ask not the chances of the time to be1 ,and for the past1 'tis vanished1 as you see2 ,this ready-money breath set down as gain1 ,future and past concern not you or me4 #bgh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #a note izafat dropped after silent he4 ,compare ,horace's ,ode to ,leuconoe4 #bgi4 ,what launched that golden orb his course to run1 ,what wrecks his firm foundations1 when 'tis done1 ,no man of science ever weighed with scales1 ,nor made assay with touchstone1 no1 not one6 #bgi4 ,l4 ,the vanity of science4 ,illustration3 ,,sufi ,,mystics ,,gathered ,,for ,,meditation ,from an old painting by a ,pushtu artist #bhj4 ,i pray thee to my counsel lend thine ear1 ,cast off this false hypocrisy's veneer2 ,this life a moment is1 the next all time1 ,sell not eternity for earthly gear6 #bhj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,note ra separated from its noun1 as before4 ,vullers1 p4 #agc4 #bha4 ,ofttimes ,i plead my foolishness to ,thee1 ,my heart contracted with perplexity2 ,i gird me with the ,magian zone1 and why8 ,for shame so poor a ,musulman to be4 #bha4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #a scan nadaniyi1 dissolving the long ya4 #bhb4 ,khayyam6 rejoice that wine you still can pour1 ,and still the charms of tulip cheeks adore2 ,you'll soon not be1 rejoice then that you are1 ,think how 'twould be in case you were no more6 #bhb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #bhc4 ,once1 in a potter's shop1 a company ,of cups in converse did ,i chance to see1 ,and lo6 one lifted up his voice1 and cried1 ,who made1 who sells1 who buys this crockery8 #bhc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,men's speculations4 #bhd4 ,last night1 as ,i reeled from the tavern door1 ,i saw a sage1 who a great wine-jug bore2 ,i said1 ,o ,shaikh1 have you no shame8 ,said he1 ,allah hath boundless mercy in his store4 #bhd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,sar mast1 a compound1 hence izafat omitted4 ,saboyey1 hamza 7for conjunctive ya7 followed by ya i tankir4 ,see ,lumsden1 ii4 #bfi4 #bhe4 ,life's fount is wine1 ,khizir its guardian1 ,i1 like ,elias1 find it where ,i can1 ',tis sustenance for heart and spirit too1 ,allah himself calls wine a boon to man4 #bhe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,koran1 ii4 #baf4 ,elias discovered the water of life4 #bhf4 ,though wine is banned1 yet drink1 for ever drink6 ,by day and night1 with strains of music drink6 ,where'er thou lightest on a cup of wine1 ,spill just one drop1 and take the rest and drink6 #bhf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,to spill a drop is a sign of liberality4--,nicolas4 #bhg4 ,although the creeds number some seventy-three1 ,i hold with none but that of loving ,thee2 ,what matter faith1 unfaith1 obedience1 sin8 ,thou'rt all we need1 the rest is vanity4 #bhg4 ,n4 ,see note on ,quatrain #aid4 ,forms of faith are indifferent4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #hc4 #bhh4 ,tell one by one my scanty virtues o'er2 ,as for my sins1 forgive them by the score2 ,let not my faults kindle ,thy wrath to flame2 ,by blest ,muhammad's tomb1 forgive once more6 #bhh4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,rasul-ullah3 the construction being ,arabic1 izafat is needed4 ,lumsden1 ii4 p4 #bea4 ,also ascribed to ,zahir ud-din ,faryabi4 #bhi4 ,grieve not at coming ill1 you can't defeat it1 ,and what far-sighted person goes to meet it8 ,cheer up6 bear not about a world of grief1 ,your fate is fixed1 and grieving will not cheat it4 #bhi4 ,l4 ,line #b is a question4 #bij4 ,there is a chalice made with wit profound1 ,with tokens of the ,maker's favour crowned2 ,yet the world's ,potter takes his masterpiece1 ,and dashes it to pieces on the ground6 #bij4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,job1 ,is it good unto ,thee that ,thou shouldest despise the labour of ,thine hands8 #bia4 ,in truth wine is a spirit thin as air1 ,a limpid soul in the cup's earthen ware2 ,no dull1 dense person shall be friend of mine ,save wine-cups1 which are dense and also rare4 #bia4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,layik 4 man izafat omitted because of the intervening words4 ,lumsden1 ii4 #bej4 #bib4 ,o wheel of heaven6 no ties of bread you feel1 ,no ties of salt1 you flay me like an eel6 ,a woman's wheel spins clothes for man and wife1 ,it does more good than you1 ,o heavenly wheel6 #bib4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bic4 ,did no fair rose my paradise adorn1 ,i would make shift to deck it with a thorn2 ,and if ,i lacked my prayer-mats1 beads1 and ,shaikh1 ',those ,christian bells and stoles ,i would not scorn4 #bic4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 7under ,te74 ,line #b is omitted in the translation4 ,so ,pope1 ,for forms and creeds let graceless zealots fight4 #bid4 ,if heaven deny me peace and fame1 ,i said1 ,let it be open war and shame instead2 ,the man who scorns bright wine had best beware1 ,i'll arm me with a stone1 and break his head6 #bid4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #bie4 ,see6 the dawn breaks1 and rends night's canopy3 ,arise6 and drain a morning draught with me6 ,away with gloom6 full many a dawn will break ,looking for us1 and we not here to see6 #bie4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,bisyar1 frequently4 #bif4 ,o you who tremble not at fires of hell1 ,nor wash in water of remorse's well1 ,when winds of death shall quench your vital torch1 ,beware lest earth your guilty dust expel4 #bif4 ,l4 ,possibly written by some pious reader as an answer to ,khayyam's scoffs4 ,see note on ,quatrain #bbc4 #big4 ,this world a hollow pageant you should deem2 ,all wise men know things are not what they seem2 ,be of good cheer1 and drink1 and so shake off ,this vain illusion of a baseless dream4 #big4 ,l4 ,n4 ,all earthly existence is ,maya #bih4 ,with maids stately as cypresses1 and fair ,as roses newly plucked1 your wine-cups share1 ,or e'er ,death's blasts shall rend your robe of flesh ,like yonder rose leaves1 lying scattered there6 #bih4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the ,lucknow commentator says daman i gul means the maid's cheek4 #bii4 ,cast off dull care1 ,o melancholy brother6 ,woo the sweet daughter of the grape1 no other2 ,the daughter is forbidden1 it is true1 ,but she is nicer than her lawful mother6 #bii4 ,n4 ,daughter of the grape1 i4e41 wine1 a translation of an ,arabic phrase4 #cjj4 ,my love shone forth1 and ,i was overcome1 ,my heart was speaking1 but my tongue was dumb2 ,beside the water-brooks ,i died of thirst4 ,was ever known so strange a martyrdom8 #cjj4 ,n4 ,dil rubaye1 that well-known charmer4 ,lumsden1 ii4 #adb4 ,pur sukhan4 ,see note on ,no4 #bbg4 #cja4 ,give me my cup in hand1 and sing a glee ,in concert with the bulbul's symphony2 ,wine would not gurgle as it leaves the flask1 ,if drinking mute were right for thee and me6 #cja4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cjb4 ,the ,truth will not be shown to lofty thought1 ,nor yet with lavished gold may it be bought2 ,but1 if you yield your life for fifty years1 ,from words to states you may perchance be brought4 #cjb4 ,l4 ,line #c1 literally1 ,unless you dig up your soul1 and eat blood for fifty years4 ,states of ecstatic union with the ,truth1 or ,deity of the ,mystics4 #cjc4 ,i solved all problems1 down from ,saturn's wreath ,unto this lowly sphere of earth beneath1 ,and leapt out free from bonds of fraud and lies1 ,yea1 every knot was loosed1 save that of death6 #cjc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cjd4 ,peace6 the eternal ,has been and ,to be ,pass man's experience1 and man's theory2 ,in joyful seasons naught can vie with wine1 ,to all these riddles wine supplies the key6 #cjd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #cje4 ,allah1 our ,lord1 is merciful1 though just2 ,sinner6 despair not1 but ,his mercy trust6 ,for though to-day you perish in your sins1 ,to-morrow ,he'll absolve your crumbling dust4 #cje4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a very ,voltairean quatrain4 #cjf4 ,your course annoys me1 ,o ye wheeling skies6 ,unloose me from your chain of tyrannies6 ,if none but fools your favours may enjoy1 ,then favour me1--,i am not very wise6 #cjf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cjg4 ,o ,city ,mufti1 you go more astray ,than ,i do1 though to wine ,i do give way2 ,i drink the blood of grapes1 you that of men3 ,which of us is the more bloodthirsty1 pray8 #cjg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,alluding to the selling of justice by ,muftis4 #cjh4 ',tis well to drink1 and leave anxiety ,for what is past1 and what is yet to be2 ,our prisoned spirits1 lent us for a day1 ,a while from season's bondage shall go free6 #cjh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ',ariyati rawan1 this borrowed soul4 #cji4 ,when ,khayyam quittance at ,death's hand receives1 ,and sheds his outworn life1 as trees their leaves1 ,full gladly will he sift this world away1 ,ere dustmen sift his ashes in their sieves4 #cji4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #caj4 ,this wheel of heaven1 which makes us all afraid1 ,i liken to a lamp's revolving shade1 ,the sun the candlestick1 the earth the shade1 ,and men the trembling forms thereon portrayed4 #caj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,fanus i khiyal1 a magic or ,chinese lantern4 #caa4 ,who was it that did mix my clay8 ,not ,i4 ,who spun my web of silk and wool8 ,not ,i4 ,who wrote upon my forehead all my good1 ,and all my evil deeds8 ,in truth not ,i4 #caa4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #b rhyme shows the word to be rishtai1 not rushtai4 #cab4 ,o let us not forecast to-morrow's fears1 ,but count to-day as gain1 my brave compeers6 ,to-morrow we shall quit this inn1 and march ,with comrades who have marched seven thousand years4 #cab4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,badauni 7ii4 #ccg7 says the creation of ,adam was #gjjj years before his time4 ,compare ,hafiz1 ,ruba'i #aj4 #cac4 ,ne'er for one moment leave your cup unused6 ,wine keeps heart1 faith1 and reason too1 amused2 ,had ,iblis swallowed but a single drop1 ,to worship ,adam he had ne'er refused6 #cac4 ,c4 ,l4 7in part7 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,see ,koran1 ii4 #ca4 #cad4 ,come1 dance6 while we applaud thee1 and adore ,thy sweet ,narcissus eyes1 and grape-juice pour2 ,a score of cups is no such great affair1 ,but 'tis enchanting when we reach three score6 #cad4 ,n4 ,narcissus eyes1 i4e41 languid4 #cae4 ,i close the door of hope in my own face1 ,nor sue for favours from good men1 or base2 ,i have but ,,one to lend a helping hand1 ,he knows1 as well as ,i1 my sorry case4 #cae4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a ,haliya quatrain1 lamenting his own condition4 #caf4 ,ah6 by these heavens1 that ever circling run1 ,and by my own base lusts ,i am undone1 ,without the wit to abandon worldly hopes1 ,and wanting sense the world's allures to shun6 #caf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cag4 ,on earth's green carpet many sleepers lie1 ,and hid beneath it others ,i descry1 ,and others1 not yet come1 or passed away1 ,people the desert of ,nonentity6 #cag4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the sleepers on the earth are those sunk in the sleep of superstition and ignorance4 #cah4 ,sure of ,thy grace1 for sins why need ,i fear8 ,how can the pilgrim faint whilst ,thou art near8 ,on the last day ,thy grace will wash me white1 ,and make my black record to disappear4 #cah4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,lumsden1 ii1 #gb4 ,see ,koran1 xiii4 #dg4 #cai4 ,think not ,i dread from out the world to hie1 ,and see my disembodied spirit fly2 ,i tremble not at death1 for death is true1 ',tis my ill life that makes me fear to die6 #cai4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,death is true1 i4e4 a certainty4 ,so ,sir ,philip ,sidney 7after ,m4 ,aurelius71 ,since ,nature's works be good1 and death doth serve as ,nature's work1 why should we fear to die8 #cbj4 ,let us shake off dull reason's incubus1 ,our tale of days or years cease to discuss1 ,and take our jugs1 and plenish them with wine1 ,or e'er grim potters make their jugs of us6 #cbj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #cba4 ,how much more wilt thou chide1 ,o raw divine1 ,for that ,i drink1 and am a libertine8 ,thou hast thy weary beads1 and saintly show1 ,leave me my cheerful sweetheart1 and my wine6 #cba4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cbb4 ,against my lusts ,i ever war1 in vain1 ,i think on my ill deeds with shame and pain2 ,i trust ,thou wilt assoil me of my sins1 ,but even so1 my shame must still remain4 #cbb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 #cbc4 ,in these twin compasses1 ,o ,love1 you see ,one body with two heads1 like you and me1 ,which wander round one centre1 circlewise4 ,but at the last in one same point agree4 #cbc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,mr4 ,fitzgerald quotes a similar figure used by the poet ,donne1 for which see ,ward's ,english ,poets1 i4 #efb4 ,the two heads are the points of the compasses4 #cbd4 ,we shall not stay here long1 but while we do1 ',tis folly wine and sweethearts to eschew2 ,why ask if earth etern or transient be8 ,since you must go1 it matters not to you4 #cbd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #cbe4 ,in reverent sort to mosque ,i wend my way1 ,but1 by great ,allah1 it is not to pray2 ,no6 but to steal a prayer-mat6 ,when 'tis worn1 ,i go again1 another to purvey4 #cbe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,to steal a prayer-mat is to pray to be seen of men4--,nicolas4 ,a satire on some hypocrite1 perhaps himself4 #cbf4 ,no more let fate's annoys our peace consume1 ,but let us rather rosy wine consume1 ,the world our murderer is1 and wine its blood1 ,shall we not then that murderer's blood consume8 #cbf4 ,l4 ,n4 ,see ,koran1 ii4 #ahg4 #cbg4 ,for ,thee ,i vow to cast repute away1 ,and1 if ,i shrink1 the penalty to pay2 ,though life might satisfy ,thy cruelty1 ',twere naught1 ,i'll bear it till the judgment-day6 #cbg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 #cbh4 ,in ,being's rondure do we stray belated1 ,our pride of manhood humbled and abated2 ,would we were gone6 long since have we been wearied ,with this world's griefs1 and with its pleasures sated4 #cbh4 ,l4 ,n4 #cbi4 ,the world is false1 so ,i'll be false as well1 ,and with bright wine1 and gladness ever dwell6 ,they say1 ,may ,allah grant thee penitence6 ,he grants it not1 and1 did he1 ,i'd rebel6 #cbi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a pun in the original4 #ccj4 ,when ,death shall tread me down upon the plain1 ,and pluck my feathers1 and my life-blood drain1 ,then mould me to a cup1 and fill with wine1 ,haply its scent will make me breathe again4 #ccj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #cca4 ,so far as this world's dealings ,i have traced1 ,i find its favours shamefully misplaced2 ,allah be praised6 ,i see myself debarred ,from all its boons1 and wrongfully disgraced4 #cca4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,alam hama1 etc41 states entirely gratuitous4 ,write baran without a madd4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #aa4 ,compare ,shakespeare1 ,sonnet #ff4 #ccb4 ',tis dawn6 my heart with wine ,i will recruit1 ,and dash to bits the glass of good repute2 ,my long-extending hopes ,i will renounce1 ,and grasp long tresses1 and the charming lute4 #ccb4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #ccc4 ,though ,i had sinned the sins of all mankind1 ,i know ,thou would'st to mercy be inclined2 ,thou sayest1 ,i will help in time of need ,one needier than ,i where wilt ,thou find8 #ccc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the waw in 'afw is a consonant1 and therefore takes kasra for the izafat1 without the intervention of conjunctive ya4 #ccd4 ,am ,i a wine-bibber8 ,what if ,i am8 ,gueber or infidel8 ,suppose ,i am8 ,each sect miscalls me1 but ,i heed them not1 ,i am my own1 and1 what ,i am1 ,i am4 #ccd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,zan i khud for azan i khud1 my own property4 #cce4 ,all my life long from drink ,i have not ceased1 ,and drink ,i will to-night on ,kadr's feast2 ,and throw my arms about the wine-jar's neck1 ,and kiss its lip1 and clasp it to my breast6 #cce4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,kadr the night of power4 ,koran1 xcvi4 #a4 #ccf4 ,i know what is1 and what is not1 ,i know ,the lore of things above1 and things below2 ,but all this lore will cheerfully renounce1 ,if one a higher grade than drink can show4 #ccf4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,line #a1 ,being and ,not-being1 ,grade1 i4e41 of learning4 #ccg4 ,though ,i drink wine1 ,i am no libertine1 ,nor am ,i grasping1 save of cups of wine2 ,i scruple to adore myself1 like you2 ,for this cause to wine-worship ,i incline4 #ccg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a hit at the vain and covetous ,mollas4 ,also ascribed to ,anwari4 #cch4 ,to confidants like you ,i dare to say ,what mankind really are--moulded of clay1 ,affliction's clay1 and kneaded in distress1 ,they taste the world awhile1 then pass away4 #cch4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,note the archaic form4 #cci4 ,we make the wine-jar's lip our place of prayer1 ,and drink in lessons of true manhood there1 ,and pass our lives in taverns1 if perchance ,the time mis-spent in mosques we may repair4 #cci4 ,l4 ,n4 ,this quatrain is probably ,mystical4 #cdj4 ,man is the whole creation's summary1 ,the precious apple of great wisdom's eye2 ,the circle of existence is a ring1 ,whereof the signet is humanity4 #cdj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,man is the microcosm4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #ae4 ,the captain jewel of the carcanet4 #cda4 ,with fancies1 as with wine1 our heads we turn1 ,aspire to heaven1 and earth's low trammels spurn2 ,but1 when we drop this fleshly clog1 'tis seen ,from dust we came1 and back to dust return4 #cda4 ,l4 ,n4 #cdb4 ,if so it be that ,i did break the fast1 ,think not ,i meant it2 no6 ,i thought 'twas past2-- ,that day more weary than a sleepless night1-- ,and blessd breakfast-time had come at last6 #cdb4 ,l4 ,n4 ,roza khwardan1 to avoid fasting4 ,in line #b1 for bekhabar read bakhabar4 #cdc4 ,i never drank of joy's sweet cordial1 ,but grief's fell hand infused a drop of gall2 ,nor dipped my bread in pleasure's piquant salt1 ,but briny sorrow made me smart withal6 #cdc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,line #d1 literally1 eat a roast of my own liver4 #cdd4 ,at dawn to tavern haunts ,i wend my way1 ,and with distraught ,kalendars pass the day2 ,o ,thou6 who know'st things secret1 and things known1 ,grant me ,thy grace1 that ,i may learn to pray6 #cdd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,khafiyyat means manifest1 as well as concealed4 ,lucknow commentator4 #cde4 ,the world's annoys ,i rate not at one grain1 ,so ,i eat once a day ,i don't complain2 ,and1 since earth's kitchen yields no solid food1 ,i pester no man with petitions vain4 #cde4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #c the ,alif in az is not treated as an ,alif i wasl4 ,bl41 ,pros4 #aj4 #cdf4 ,never from worldly toils have ,i been free1 ,never for one short moment glad to be6 ,i served a long apprenticeship to fate1 ,but yet of fortune gained no mastery4 #cdf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,ek dam zadan1 ,for one moment4 #cdg4 ,one hand with ,koran1 one with wine-cup dight1 ,i half incline to wrong1 and half to right2 ,the azure-marbled sky looks down on me ,a sorry ,moslem1 yet not heathen quite4 #cdg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,khayyam here describes himself as akrates rather than akolastos1 ,video meliora proboque1 etc4 #cdh4 ,khayyam's respects to ,mustafa convey1 ,and with due reverence ask him to say1 ,why it has pleased him to forbid pure wine1 ,when he allows his people acid whey8 #cdh and #cdi4 ,l4 ,these two quatrains are also found in ,whalley's ,morababad edition4 ,mustafa1 i4e41 ,muhammad4 ,so ,avicenna4 ,see ,renan1 ,averroes1 #aga4 #cdi4 ,tell ,khayyam1 for a master of the schools1 ,he strangely misinterprets my plain rules3 ,where have ,i said that wine is wrong for all8 ',tis lawful for the wise1 but not for fools4 #cej4 ,my critics call me a philosopher1 ,but ,allah knows full well they greatly err2 ,i know not even what ,i am1 much less ,why on this earth ,i am a sojourner6 #cej4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,filsafat meant the ,greek philosophy as cultivated by ,persian rationalists1 in opposition to theology4 ,renan1 ,averroes1 p4 #ia4 #cea4 ,the more ,i die to self1 ,i live the more1 ,the more abase myself1 the higher soar2 ,and1 strange6 the more ,i drink of ,being's wine1 ,more sane ,i grow and sober than before4 #cea4 ,l4 ,clearly ,mystical4 #ceb4 ,quoth rose1 ,i am the ,yusuf flower1 ,i swear1 ,for in my mouth rich golden gems ,i bear3 ,i said1 ,show me another proof4 ,quoth she1 ,behold this blood-stained vesture that ,i wear6 #ceb4 ,b4 ,l4 ,yusuf is the type of manly beauty4 ,the yellow stamens are compared to his teeth4 ,so ,jami1 in ,yusuf wa ,zulaikha4 #cec4 ,i studied with the masters long ago1 ,and long ago did master all they know2 ,here now the end and issue of it all1 ,from earth ,i came1 and like the wind ,i go6 #cec4 ,l4 ,b4 ,mr4 ,fitzgerald compares the dying exclamation of ,nizam ul-,mulk1 ,i am going in the hands of the wind6 ,mantik ut ,tair1 #a4 #dfbj4 #ced4 ,death finds us soiled1 though we were pure at birth1 ,with grief we go1 although we came with mirth2 ,watered with tears1 and burned with fires of woe1 ,and1 casting life to winds1 we rest in earth6 #ced4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cee4 ,to find great ,jamshid's world-reflecting bowl ,i compassed sea and land1 and viewed the whole2 ,but1 when ,i asked the wary sage1 ,i learned ,that bowl was my own body1 and my soul6 #cee4 ,l4 ,king ,jamshid's cup1 which reflected the whole world1 is the ,holy ,grail of ,persian poetry4 ,meaning man is the microcosm4 ,see note on ,no4 #cdj4 ,in line #b scan naghnudem4 #cef4 ,me1 cruel ,queen6 you love to captivate1 ,and from a knight to a poor pawn translate1 ,you marshal all your force to tire me out1 ,you take my rooks with yours1 and then checkmate6 #cef4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the pun on rukh1 cheek1 and rukh1 castle1 is untranslatable4 #ceg4 ,if ,allah wills me not to will aright1 ,how can ,i frame my will to will aright8 ,each single act ,i will must needs be wrong1 ,since none but ,he has power to will aright4 #ceg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #ceh4 ,for once1 while roses are in bloom1 ,i said1 ,i'll break the law1 and please myself instead1 ,with blooming youths1 and maidens' tulip cheeks ,the plain shall blossom like a tulip-bed4 #ceh4 ,l4 ,n4 ,rozi1 ya i batni1 or tankir 7874 #cei4 ,think not ,i am existent of myself1 ,or walk this blood-stained pathway of myself2 ,this being is not ,i1 it is of ,him4 ,pray what1 and where1 and whence is this myself8 #cei4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #c ,i omit wa after ,lu bud4 ,meaning1 ,man's real existence is not of himself1 but of the ,truth1 the universal ,noumenon4 #cfj4 ,endure this world without my wine ,i cannot6 ,drag on life's load without my cups ,i cannot6 ,i am the slave of that sweet moment1 when ,they say1 ,take one more goblet1 and ,i cannot6 #cfj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cfa4 ,you1 who both day and night the world pursue1 ,and thoughts of that dread day of doom eschew1 ,bethink you of your latter end2 be sure ,as time has treated others1 so 'twill you6 #cfa4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #cfb4 ,o man1 who art creation's summary1 ,getting and spending too much trouble thee6 ,arise1 and quaff the ,etern ,cupbearer's wine1 ,and so from troubles of both worlds be free6 #cfb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,wordsworth1 ,the world is too much with us1 etc4 ,the ,sufis rejected talab ud dunya1 worldliness1 and talab nl ukharat1 other-worldliness1 for talab nl maula1 disinterested godliness4 ,so ,madame ,guyon taught ,holy ,indifference4 #cfc4 ,in this eternally revolving zone1 ,two lucky species of men are known2 ,one knows all good and ill that are on earth1 ,one neither earth's affairs1 nor yet his own4 #cfc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,taman1 entirely4 ,the two classes seem to be practical men and mystics4 #cfd4 ,make light to me the world's oppressive weight1 ,and hide my failings from the people's hate1 ,and grant me peace to-day1 and on the morrow ,deal with me as ,thy mercy may dictate6 #cfd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,in line #d scan anchaz4 #cfe4 ,souls that are well informed of this world's state1 ,its weal and woe with equal mind await3 ,for1 be it weal we meet1 or be it woe1 ,the weal doth pass1 and woe too hath its date4 #cfe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ',twill all be one a hundred years hence4 #cff4 ,lament not fortune's want of constancy1 ,but up6 and seize her favours ere they flee2 ,if fortune always cleaved to other men1 ,how could a turn of luck have come to thee8 #cff4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this was a saying of ,kisra ,parviz to his ,sultana4 ,bicknell's ,hafiz1 p4 #gc4 #cfg4 ,chief of old friends6 hearken to what ,i say1 ,let not heaven's treacherous wheel your heart dismay2 ,but rest contented in your humble nook1 ,and watch the games that wheel is wont to play4 #cfg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cfh4 ,hear now ,khayyam's advice1 and bear in mind1 ,consort with revellers1 though they be maligned1 ,cast down the gates of abstinence and prayer1 ,yea1 drink1 and even rob1 but1 oh6 be kind6 #cfh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a rather violent extension of the doctrine1 ,mercy is better than sacrifice4 #cfi4 ,this world a body is1 and ,god its soul1 ,and angels are its senses1 who control ,its limbs--the creatures1 elements1 and spheres2 ,the ,,one is the sole basis of the whole4 #cfi4 ,l4 ,n4 ,so ,pope1 ,all are but parts1 etc4 #cgj4 ,last night that idol who enchants my heart1 ,with true desire to elevate my heart1 ,gave me his cup to drink2 when ,i refused1 ,he said1 ,oh1 drink to gratify my heart6 #cgj4 ,n4 #cga4 ,would'st thou have fortune bow her neck to thee1 ,make it thy care to feed thy soul with glee2 ,and hold a creed like mine1 which is to drain ,the cup of wine1 not that of misery4 #cga4 ,so the ,ecclesiast1 ,there is nothing better for a man than that he should eat1 and drink1 and make his soul enjoy good in his labour4 #cgb4 ,though you survey ,o my enlightened friend1 ,this world of vanity from end to end1 ,you will discover there no other good ,than wine and rosy cheeks1 you may depend6 #cgb4 ,n4 ,note izafat dropped after sahib4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #ad4 #cgc4 ,last night upon the river bank we lay1 ,i with my wine-cup1 and a maiden gay1 ,so bright it shone1 like pearl within its shell1 ,the watchman cried1 ,behold the break of day6 #cgc4 ,n4 ,nigare4 ,here ya may be ya i tankir1 the izafat being dispensed with 7,lumsden1 ii4 #bfi7 81 or perhaps ya i tausifi before the sifat marvzum4 #cgd4 ,have you no shame for all the sins you do1 ,sins of omission and commission too8 ,suppose you gain the world1 you can but leave it1 ,you cannot carry it away with you6 #cgd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cge4 ,in a lone waste ,i saw a debauchee1 ,he had no home1 no faith1 no heresy1 ,no ,god1 no truth1 no law1 no certitude2 ,where in this world is man so bold as he8 #cge4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a beshara' or antinomian ,sufi4 #cgf4 ,some look for truth in creeds1 and forms1 and rules2 ,some grope for doubts or dogmas in the schools2 ,but from behind the veil a voice proclaims1 ,your road lies neither here nor there1 ,o fools4 #cgf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,truth1 hidden from theologians and philosophers1 is revealed to mystics4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #aa4 #cgg4 ,in heaven is seen the bull we name ,parwin1 ,beneath the earth another lurks unseen2 ,and thus to wisdom's eyes mankind appear ,a drove of asses1 two great bulls between6 #cgg4 ,l4 ,n4 ,the bulls are the constellation ,taurus1 and that which supports the earth4 #cgh4 ,the people say1 ,why not drink somewhat less8 ,what reasons have you for such great excess8 ,first1 my ,love's face1 second1 my morning draught2 ,can there be clearer reasons1 now confess8 #cgh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #cgi4 ,had ,i the power great ,allah to advise1 ,i'd bid him sweep away this earth and skies1 ,and build a better1 where1 unclogged and free1 ,the clear soul might achieve her high emprise4 #cgi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,this recalls the celebrated speech of ,alphonso ,x41 king of ,castile4 #chj4 ,this silly sorrow-laden heart of mine ,is ever pining for that ,love of mine2 ,when the ,cupbearer poured the wine of love1 ,with my heart's blood he filled this cup of mine6 #chj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,meaning1 the wine of life1 or existence1 poured by the ,deity into all beings at creation4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #hj4 #cha4 ,to drain the cup1 to hover round the fair1 ,can hypocritic arts with these compare8 ,if all who love and drink are going wrong1 ,there's many a wight of heaven may well despair6 #cha4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #chb4 ',tis wrong with gloomy thoughts your mirth to drown1-- ,to let grief's millstone weigh your spirits down2 ,since none can tell what is to be1 'tis best ,with wine and love your heart's desires to crown4 #chb4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #chc4 ',tis well in reputation to abide1 ',tis shameful against heaven to rail and chide2 ,still1 head had better ache with over drink1 ,than be puffed up with ,pharisaic pride6 #chc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,compare ,tartufe1 i4 #f4 #chd4 ,o ,lord6 pity this prisoned heart1 ,i pray1 ,pity this bosom stricken with dismay6 ,pardon these hands that ever grasp the cup1 ,these feet that to the tavern ever stray6 #chd4 ,n4 #che4 ,o ,lord6 from self-conceit deliver me1 ,sever from self1 and occupy with ,thee6 ,this self is captive to earth's good and ill1 ,make me beside myself1 and set me free6 #che4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a ,mystic's prayer4 #chf4 ,behold the tricks this wheeling dome doth play1 ,and earth laid bare of old friends torn away6 ,o live this present moment1 which is thine1 ,seek not a morrow1 mourn not yesterday6 #chf4 ,l4 ,b4 ,an odd expression4 #chg4 ,since all man's business in this world of woe ,is sorrow's pangs to feel1 and grief to know1 ,happy are they that never come at all1 ,and they that1 having come1 the soonest go6 #chg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,compare the chorus in the ,oedipus ,coloneus4 #chh4 ,by reason's dictates it is right to live1 ,but of ourselves we know not how to live1 ,so ,fortune1 like a master1 rod in hand1 ,raps our pates well to teach us how to live6 #chh4 ,l4 ,fortune's buffets4 #chi4 ,nor you nor ,i can read the etern decree1 ,to that enigma we can find no key2 ,they talk of you and me behind the veil1 ,but1 if that veil be lifted1 where are we8 #chi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,meaning1 ,we are part of the veil of phenomena1 which hides the ,divine ,noumenon4 ,if that be swept away what becomes of us8 #cij4 ,o ,love1 for ever doth heaven's wheel design ,to take away thy precious life1 and mine2 ,sit we upon this turf1 'twill not be long ,ere turf shall grow upon my dust1 and thine6 #cij4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #cia4 ,when life has fled1 and we rest in the tomb1 ,they'll place a pair of bricks to mark our tomb2 ,and1 a while after1 mould our dust to bricks1 ,to furnish forth some other person's tomb6 #cia4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #cib4 ,yon palace1 towering to the welkin blue1 ,where kings did bow them down1 and homage do1 ,i saw a ringdove on its arches perched1 ,and thus she made complaint1 ,coo1 ,coo1 ,coo1 ,coo6 #cib4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,mr4 ,binning found this quatrain inscribed on the ruins of ,persepolis--,fitzgerald4 ,coo 7,ku7 means ,where are they8 #cic4 ,we come and go1 but for the gain1 where is it8 ,and spin life's woof1 but for the warp1 where is it8 ,and many a righteous man has burned to dust ,in heaven's blue rondure1 but their smoke1 where is it8 #cic4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,ecclesiastes1 ,there is no remembrance of the wise1 more than of the fool4 ,smoke1 i4e41 trace4 #cid4 ,life's well-spring lurks within that lip of thine6 ,let not the cup's lip touch that lip of thine6 ,beshrew me1 if ,i fail to drink his blood1 ,for who is he1 to touch that lip of thine8 #cid4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,to a sweetheart4 #cie4 ,such as ,i am1 ,thy power created me1 ,thy care hath kept me for a century6 ,through all these years ,i make experiment1 ,if my sins or ,thy mercy greater be4 #cie4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,god's long-suffering4 #cif4 ,take up thy cup and goblet1 ,love1 ,i said1 ,haunt purling river bank1 and grassy glade2 ,full many a moon-like form has heaven's weel ,oft into cup1 oft into goblet1 made6 #cif4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #cig4 ,we buy new wine and old1 our cups to fill1 ,and sell for two grains this world's good and ill2 ,know you where you will go to after death8 ,set wine before me1 and go where you will6 #cig4 ,l4 ,n4 and ,j4 give lines #a and #b differently4 #cih4 ,was e'er man born who never went astray8 ,did ever mortal pass a sinless day8 ,if ,i do ill1 do not requite with ill6 ,evil for evil how can'st ,thou repay8 #cih4 ,l4 ,n4 ,line #c and #d are paraphrased somewhat freely4 #cii4 ,bring forth that ruby gem of ,badakhshan1 ,that heart's delight1 that balm of ,turkistan2 ,they say 'tis wrong for ,musulmen to drink1 ,but ah6 where can we find a ,musulman8 #cii4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #djj4 ,my body's life and strength proceed from ,thee6 ,my soul within and spirit are of ,thee6 ,my being is of ,thee1 and ,thou art mine1 ,and ,i am ,thine1 since ,i am lost in ,thee6 #djj4 ,l4 ,in him we live and move1 and have our being4 #dja4 ,man1 like a ball1 hither and thither goes1 ,as fate's resistless bat directs the blows2 ,but ,he1 who gives thee up to this rude sport1 ,he knows what drives thee1 yea1 ,he knows1 ,he knows6 #dja4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,line #d is in metre #bb1 consisting of ten syllables1 all long4 #djb4 ,o ,thou who givest sight to emmet's eyes1 ,and strength to puny limbs of feeble flies1 ,to ,thee we will ascribe ,almighty power1 ,and not base1 unbecoming qualities4 #djb4 ,l4 ,an echo of the ,asharian's discussions on the ,divine attributes4 #djc4 ,let not base avarice enslave thy mind1 ,nor vain ambition in its trammels bind2 ,be sharp as fire1 as running water swift1 ,not1 like earth's dust1 the sport of every wind6 #djc4 ,l4 ,c4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #djd4 ',tis best all other blessings to forego ,for wine1 that charming ,turki maids bestow2 ,kalendars' raptures pass all things that are1 ,from moon on high down into fish below6 #djd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,for mah ,l4 reads hahk probably a ,sufi gloss4 ,kalendars1 bibulous ,sufis4 ,fish1 that whereon the earth was said to rest4 #dje4 ,friend6 trouble not yourself about your lot1 ,let futile care and sorrow be forgot2 ,since this life's vesture crumbles into dust1 ,what matters stain of word or deed1 or blot8 #dje4 ,l4 ,n4 #djf4 ,o thou who hast done ill1 and ill alone1 ,and thinkest to find mercy at the throne1 ,hope not for mercy6 for good left undone ,cannot be done1 nor evil done undone6 #djf4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,this quatrain is by ,abu ,sa'id ,abu'l ,khair2 and is an answer to ,no4 #dbj1 which is attributed to ,avicenna4 #djg4 ,count not to live beyond your sixtieth year1 ,to walk in jovial courses persevere2 ,and ere your skull be turned into a cup1 ,let wine-cups ever to your hand adhere6 #djg4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #djh4 ,these heavens resemble an inverted cup1 ,whereto the wise with awe keep gazing up2 ,so stoops the bottle o'er his love1 the cup1 ,feigning to kiss1 and gives her blood to sup6 #djh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,blood1 an emblem of hate4 #dji4 ,i sweep the tavern threshold with my hair1 ,for both world's good and ill ,i take no care2 ,should the two worlds roll to my house1 like balls1 ,when drunk1 for one small coin ,i'd sell the pair6 #dji4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #daj4 ,the drop wept for his severance from the sea1 ,but the sea smiled1 for ,i am all1 said he1 ,the ,truth is all1 nothing exists beside1 ,that one point circling apes plurality4 #daj4 ,n4 ,this is in ,ramal metre1 ,no4 #ej4 ,compare ,gulshan i ,raz1 line #gaj4 #daa4 ,shall ,i still sigh for what ,i have not got1 ,or try with cheerfulness to bear my lot8 ,fill up my cup6 ,i know not if the breath ,i now am drawing is my last1 or not6 #daa4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,some ,,mss4 place this quatrain under ,radif ya4 #dab4 ,yield not to grief1 though fortune prove unkind1 ,nor call sad thoughts of parted friends to mind2 ,devote thy heart to sugary lips1 and wine1 ,cast not thy precious life unto the wind6 #dab4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #dac4 ,of mosque and prayer and fast preach not to me1 ,rather go drink1 were it on charity6 ,yea1 drink1 ,khayyam1 your dust will soon be made ,a jug1 or pitcher1 or a cup1 may be6 #dac4 ,n4 ,imperial ,csar1 dead1 and turned to clay ,might stop a hole to keep the wind away4 #dad4 ,bulbuls1 doting on roses1 oft complain ,how forward breezes rend their veils in twain2 ,sit we beneath this rose1 which many a time ,has sunk to earth1 and sprung from earth again4 #dad4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,so ,moschus on the mallows4 #dae4 ,suppose the world goes well with you1 what then8 ,when life's last page is read and turned1 what then8 ,suppose you live a hundred years of bliss1 ,yea1 and a hundred years besides1 what then8 #dae4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,see ,vullers1 p4 #ajj4 #daf4 ,how is it that of all the leafy tribe1 ,cypress and lily men as free describe8 ,this has a dozen tongues1 yet holds her peace1 ,that has a hundred hands which take no bribe4 #daf4 ,l4 ,n4 ,sa'di in the ,gulistan1 ,book viii41 gives another explanation of this expression4 ,tongues1 stamens1 and hands1 branches4 #dag4 ,cupbearer1 bring my wine-cup1 let me grasp it6 ,bring that delicious darling1 let me grasp it6 ,that pleasing chain which tangles in its coils ,wise men and fools together1 let me grasp it6 #dag4 ,l4 ,n4 ,bipechand seems a plural of dignity4 #dah4 ,alas6 my wasted life has gone to wrack6 ,what with forbidden meats1 and lusts1 alack6 ,and leaving undone what 'twas right to do1 ,and doing wrong1 my face is very black6 #dah4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,these whimsical outbursts of self-reproach in the midst of antinomian utterances are characteristic of ,khayyam4 #dai4 ,i could repent of all1 but of wine1 never6 ,i could dispense with all1 but with wine1 never6 ,if so be ,i became a ,musulman1 ,could ,i abjure my ,magian wine8 no1 never6 #dai4 ,l4 ,n4 ,the ,magians sold wine4 #dbj4 ,we rest our hopes on ,thy free grace alone1 ,nor seek by merits for our sins to atone2 ,mercy drops where it lists1 and estimates ,ill done as undone1 good undone as done4 #dbj4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,this quatrain is also ascribed to the celebrated philosopher ,avicenna4 ,see ,no4 #djf4 #dba4 ,this is the form ,thou gavest me of old1 ,wherein ,thou workest marvels manifold2 ,can ,i aspire to be a better man1 ,or other than ,i issued from ,thy mould8 #dba4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,this is a variation of ,no4 #bba4 #dbb4 ,o ,lord6 to ,thee all creatures worship pay1 ,to ,thee both small and great for ever pray1 ,thou takest woe away1 and givest weal1 ,give then1 or1 if it please ,thee1 take away6 #dbb4 ,l4 ,scan bandagita1 omitting fatha before te4 ,vullers1 p4 #aig4 #dbc4 ,with going to and fro in this sad vale ,thou art grown double1 and thy credit stale1 ,thy nails are thickened like a horse's hoof1 ,thy beard is ragged as an ass's tail4 #dbc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,a description of old age4 #dbd4 ,o unenlightened race of humankind1 ,ye are a nothing1 built on empty wind6 ,yea1 a mere nothing1 hovering in the abyss1 ,a void before you1 and a void behind6 #dbd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the technical name for existence between two non-existences is ,takwin4 ,bl4 ,ain i ,akbari1 p4 #aih4 ,compare the term nunc stans1 applied to ,time by the ,schoolmen4 #dbe4 ,each morn ,i say1 ,to-night ,i will repent ,of wine1 and tavern haunts no more frequent2 ,but while 'tis spring1 and roses are in bloom1 ,to loose me from my promise1 ,o consent6 #dbe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dbf4 ,vain study of philosophy eschew6 ,rather let tangled curls attract your view2 ,and shed the bottle's life-blood in your cup1 ,or e'er death shed your blood1 and feast on you4 #dbf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,bigorezi bi1 better that you should eschew4 #dbg4 ,o heart6 can'st thou the darksome riddle read1 ,where wisest men have failed1 wilt thou succeed8 ,quaff wine1 and make thy heaven here below1 ,who knows if heaven above will be thy meed8 #dbg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #dbh4 ,they that have passed away1 and gone before1 ,sleep in delusion's dust for evermore2 ,go1 boy1 and fetch some wine1 this is the truth1 ,their dogmas were but air1 and wind their lore6 #dbh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,ecclesiastes1 ,i gave my heart to know wisdom 444 and perceived that this also is vanity4 #dbi4 ,o heart6 when on the ,loved ,one's sweets you feed1 ,you lose yourself1 but find your ,self indeed2 ,and1 when you drink of ,his entrancing cup1 ,you hasten your escape from quick and dead6 #dbi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,die to self1 to live in ,god1 your true self4 ,see ,max ,mller1 ,hibbert ,lectures1 p4 #cge4 #dcj4 ,though ,i am wont a wine-bibber to be1 ,why should the people rail and chide at me8 ,would that all evil actions made men drunk1 ,for then no sober people should ,i see6 #dcj4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dca4 ,child of four elements and sevenfold heaven1 ,who fume and sweat because of these eleven1 ,drink6 ,i have told you seventy times and seven1 ,once gone1 nor hell will send you back1 nor heaven4 #dca4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dcb4 ,with many a snare ,thou dost beset my way1 ,and threatenest1 if ,i fall therein1 to slay2 ,thy rule resistless sways the world1 yet ,thou ,imputest sin1 when ,i do but obey6 #dcb4 ,b4 ,n4 ,allah is the ,fa'il i hakiki1 the only real agent1 according to the ,sufi view1 ,hukmi tu ,kuni1 ,thou givest thy order4 #dcc4 ,to ,thee1 whose essence baffles human thought1 ,our sins and righteous deeds alike seem naught1 ,may ,thy grace sober me1 though drunk with sins1 ,and pardon all the ill that ,i have wrought6 #dcc4 ,l4 ,n4 #dcd4 ,if this life were indeed an empty play1 ,each day would be an 'lid of festal day1 ,and men might conquer all their hearts' desire1 ,fearless of after penalties to pay6 #dcd4 ,n4 ,n takes taklid in the sense of authority1 but ,i think it alludes to ,koran1 xxix4 #fd4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #ej4 #dce4 ,o wheel of heaven1 you thwart my heart's desire1 ,and rend to shreds my scanty joy's attire1 ,the water that ,i drink you foul with earth1 ,and turn the very air ,i breathe to fire6 #dce4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #dcf4 ,o soul6 could you but doff this flesh and bone1 ,you'd soar a sprite about the heavenly throne2 ,had you no shame to leave your starry home1 ,and dwell an alien on this earthly zone8 #dcf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 ,a4 ,i4 #dcg4 ,ah1 potter1 stay thine hand' with ruthless art ,put not to such base use man's mortal part6 ,see1 thou art mangling on thy cruel wheel ,faridun's fingers1 and ,kai ,khosrau's heart6 #dcg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,faridun and ,kai ,khosrau were ancient kings of ,persia4 ,kai ,khosrau is usually identified with ,cyrus4 #dch4 ,o rose6 all beauties' charms thou dost excel1 ,as wine excels the pearl within its shell2 ,o fortune6 thou dost ever show thyself ,more strange1 although ,i seem to know thee well6 #dch4 ,n4 ,mimani1 ,you resemble4 #dci4 ,from this world's kitchen crave not to obtain ,those dainties1 seeming real1 but really vain1 ,which greedy worldlings gorge to their own loss2 ,renounce that loss1 so loss shall prove thy gain6 #dci4 ,l4 ,n4 ,b4 #ddj4 ,plot not of nights1 thy fellows' peace to blight1 ,so that they cry to ,god the live-long night2 ,nor plume thee on thy wealth and might1 which thieves ,may steal by night1 or death1 or fortune's might4 #ddj4 ,n4 ,ta bar nikashand1 ,let us abstain from oppressing people1 so that they may not heave a sigh1 saying1 ,o ,lord4 #dda4 ,this soul of mine was once ,thy cherished bride1 ,what caused ,thee to divorce her from ,thy side8 ,thou didst not use to treat her thus of yore1 ,why then now doom her in the world to abide8 #dda4 ,l4 ,n4 #ddb4 ,ah6 would there were a place of rest from pain1 ,which we1 poor pilgrims1 might at last attain1 ,and after many thousand wintry years1 ,renew our life1 like flowers1 and bloom again6 #ddb4 ,c4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #ddc4 ,while in love's book ,i sought an augury2 ,an ardent youth cried out in ecstasy1 ,who owns a sweetheart beauteous as the moon1 ,might wish his moments long as years to be6 #ddc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,compare the sortes ,virgilian4 ,line #d is freely paraphrased4 #ddd4 ,winter is past1 and spring-tide has begun1 ,soon will the pages of life's book be done6 ,well saith the sage1 ,life is a poison rank1 ,and antidote1 save grape-juice1 there is none4 #ddd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dde4 ,beloved1 if thou a reverend ,molla be1 ,quit saintly show1 and feigned austerity1 ,and quaff the wine that ,murtaza purveys1 ,and sport with ,houris 'neath some shady tree6 #dde4 ,n4 ,note the change from the imperative to the aorist4 ,in line #d scan ,murtazasha4 ,murtaza 7,ali7 is the celestial cupbearer4 #ddf4 ,last night ,i dashed my cup against a stone1 ,in a mad drunken freak1 as ,i must own1 ,and lo6 the cup cries out in agony1 ,you too1 like me1 shall soon be overthrown4 #ddf4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,saboyiy1 ya i batni1 joined to the noun by euphonic or conjunctive ya4 #ddg4 ,my heart is weary of hypocrisy1 ,cupbearer1 bring some wine1 ,i beg of thee6 ,this hooded cowl and prayer-mat pawn for wine1 ,then will ,i boast me in security4 #ddg4 ,n4 #ddh4 ,audit yourself1 your truce account to frame1 ,see6 you go empty1 as you empty came2 ,you say1 ,i will not drink and peril life1 ,but1 drink or no1 you must die all the same6 #ddh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #ddi4 ,open the door6 ,o entrance who procurest1 ,and guide the way1 ,o ,thou of guides the surest6 ,directors born of men shall not direct me1 ,their counsel comes to naught1 but ,thou endurest6 #dej4 ,in slandering and reviling you persist1 ,calling me infidel and atheist3 ,my errors ,i will not deny1 but yet ,does foul abuse become a moralist8 #dej4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,in line #a scan goyi-yaz1 ,bl41 ,prosody1 p4 #aj4 ,the tashdid of mukin is dropped4 #dea4 ,to find a remedy1 put up with pain1 ,chafe not at woe1 and healing thou wilt gain2 ,though poor1 be ever of a thankful mind1 ',tis the sure method riches to obtain4 #dea4 ,l4 ,n4 ,dawayiy4 ,the first ya is the conjunctive ya 7,vullers1 p4 #af71 the second ya i tankir4 #deb4 ,give me a skin of wine1 a crust of bread ,a pittance bare1 a book of verse to read2 ,with thee1 ,o love1 to share my lowly roof1 ,i would not take the ,sultan's realm instead6 #deb4 ,n4 ,b4 ,tange1 the izafat is displaced by ya i tankir1 according to ,lumsden1 ii4 #bfi4 #dec4 ,reason not of the five1 nor of the four1 ,be their dark problems one1 or many score2 ,we are but earth1 go1 minstrel1 bring the lute1 ,we are but air1 bring wine1 ,i ask no more6 #dec4 ,n4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 give only the first line of this4 ,five senses1 four elements4 #ded4 ,why argue on ,yasin and on ,barat8 ,write me the draft for wine they call ,barat6 ,the day my weariness is drowned in wine ,will seem to me as the great night ,barat6 #ded4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,yasin is the #fdth1 and ,barat the #ith1 chapter of the ,koran4 ,barat1 the night of power4 #dee4 ,whilst thou dost wear this fleshy livery1 ,step not beyond the bounds of destiny2 ,bear up1 though very ,rustums be thy foes1 ,and crave no boon from friends like ,hatim ,tai6 #dee4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #def4 ,these ruby lips1 and wine1 and minstrel boys1 ,and lute1 and harp1 your dearly cherished toys1 ,are mere redundancies1 and you are naught1 ,till you renounce the world's delusive joys4 #def4 ,l4 ,n4 ,hashw1 mere stuffing1 leather and prunella4 #deg4 ,bow down1 heaven's tyranny to undergo1 ,quaff wine to face the world1 and all its woe2 ,your origin and end are both in earth1 ,but now you are above earth1 not below6 #deg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #deh4 ,you know all secrets of this earthly sphere1 ,why then remain a prey to empty fear8 ,you cannot bend things to your will1 but yet ,cheer up for the few moments you are here6 #deh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,scan chim wakifiyay4 #dei4 ,behold1 where'er we turn our ravished eyes1 ,sweet verdure springs1 and crystal ,kausars rise2 ,and plains1 once bare as hell1 now smile as heaven3 ,enjoy this heaven with maids of ,paradise6 #dei4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 #dfj4 ,never in this false world on friends rely 7,i give this counsel confidentially71 ,put up with pain1 and seek no antidote1 ,endure your grief1 and ask no sympathy6 #dfj4 ,n4 #dfa4 ,of wisdom's dictates two are principal1 ,surpassing all your lore traditional2 ,better to fast than eat of every meat1 ,better to live alone than mate with all6 #dfa4 ,n4 ,hadis i na goyayiy4 ,the unwritten revelations1 or traditions1 opposed to ,qur'an 7,koran71 the reading4 ,so sruti is opposed to smriti4 #dfb4 ,why unripe grapes are sharp1 prithee explain1 ,and then grow sweet1 while wine is sharp again8 ,when one has carved a block into a lute1 ,can he from that same block a pipe obtain8 #dfb4 ,l4 ,n4 #dfc4 ,when dawn doth silver the dark firmament1 ,why shrills the bird of dawning his lament8 ,it is to show in dawn's bright looking-glass ,how of thy careless life a night is spent4 #dfc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so ,job1 ,hast spread the sky as a molten looking-glass4 #dfd4 ,cupbearer1 come6 from thy full-throated ewer ,pour blood-red wine1 the world's despite to cure6 ,where can ,i find another friend like wine1 ,so genuine1 so solacing1 so pure8 #dfd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dfe4 ,though you should sit in sage ,aristo's room1 ,or rival ,csar on his throne of ,rum1 ,drain ,jemshid's goblet1 for your end's the tomb1 ,yea1 were you ,bahram's self1 your end's the tomb6 #dfe4 ,n4 ,jamhur1 a name of ,buzurjimihr1 ,wazir of ,nushirwan4 ,faghfur1 the ,chinese emperor4 #dff4 ,it chanced into a potter's shop ,i strayed1 ,he turned his wheel and deftly plied his trade1 ,and out of monarchs' heads1 and beggars' feet1 ,fair heads and handles for his pitchers made6 #dff4 ,c4 ,n4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,paya1 the treadle4 #dfg4 ,if you have sense1 true senselessness attain1 ,and the ,etern ,cupbearer's goblet drain1 ,if not1 true senselessness is not for you1 ,not every fool true senselessness can gain6 #dfg4 ,l4 ,n4 ,meaning1 the truly ,mystical darkness of ignorance4 ,see ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #ac4 #dfh4 ,o ,love6 before you pass death's portal through1 ,and potters make their jugs of me and you1 ,pour from this jug some wine1 of headache void1 ,and fill your cup1 and fill my goblet too6 #dfh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,headache1 in allusion to the wine of ,paradise1 ,koran1 lvi4 #ag4 #dfi4 ,o ,love6 while yet you can1 with tender art1 ,lift sorrow's burden from your lover's heart2 ,your wealth of graces will not always last1 ,but slip from your possession1 and depart6 #dfi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,some ,,mss4 read zinhar for zihar1 either will scan4 #dgj4 ,bestir thee1 ere death's cup for thee shall flow1 ,and blows of ruthless fortune lay thee low2 ,acquire some substance here1 there is none there1 ,for those who thither empty-handed go6 #dgj4 ,l4 ,n4 ,line #b is in metre #d4 ,meaning1 ,work while it is day4 #dga4 ,who framed the lots of quick and dead but ,thou8 ,who turns the troublous wheel of heaven but ,thou8 ,though we are sinful slaves1 is it for ,thee ,to blame us8 ,who created us but ,thou8 #dga4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 #dgb4 ,o wine1 most limpid1 pure1 and crystalline1 ,would ,i could drench this silly frame of mine ,with thee1 that passers by might think 'twas thou1 ,and cry1 ,whence comest thou1 fair master wine8 #dgb4 ,l4 ,n4 #dgc4 ,a ,shaikh beheld a harlot1 and quoth he1 ,you seem a slave to drink and lechery2 ,and she made answer1 ,what ,i seem ,i am1 ,but1 ,master1 are you all you seem to be8 #dgc4 ,l4 ,n4 ,the technical name of quatrains like this is suwal o jawab1 or muraja'at4 ,gladwin1 ,persian ,rhetoric1 p4 #dj4 #dgd4 ,if1 like a ball1 earth to my house were borne1 ,when drunk1 ,i'd rate it at a barley-corn2 ,last night they offered me in pawn for wine1 ,but the rude vintner laughed that pledge to scorn4 #dgd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,note the yas i tankir in ,kuye1 juye1 and giraye4 #dge4 ,now in thick clouds ,thy face ,thou dost immerse1 ,and now display it in this universe2 ,thou the spectator1 ,thou the spectacle1 ,sole to ,thyself ,thy glories dost rehearse4 #dge4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,compare the ,vulgate1 ludens in orbe terrarum1 and ,gulshan i ,raz1 p4 #ad4 #dgf4 ,better to make one soul rejoice with glee1 ,than plant a desert with a colony2 ,rather one freeman bind with chains of love1 ,than set a thousand prisoned captives free6 #dgf4 ,l4,n4 #dgg4 ,o thou who for thy pleasure dost impart ,a pang of sorrow to thy fellow's heart1 ,go6 mourn thy perished wit1 and peace of mind1 ,thyself hast slain them1 like the fool thou art6 #dgg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dgh4 ,wherever you can get two maunds of wine1 ,set to1 and drink it like a libertine2 ,whoso acts thus will set his spirit free ,from saintly airs like yours1 and grief like mine4 #dgh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,chu mane1 of one like me4 ,so in ,no4 #agj 7the note which is wrong74 ,vullers1 p4 #bed4 ,literally1 mustaches and beards4 #dgi4 ,so long as ,i possess two maunds of wine1 ,bread of the flower of wheat1 and mutton chine1 ,and you1 ,o ,tulip cheek1 to share my hut1 ,not every ,sultan's lot can vie with mine4 #dgi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 #dhj4 ,they call you wicked1 if to fame you're known1 ,and an intriguer1 if you live alone1 ,trust me1 though you were ,khizr or ,elias1 ',tis best to know none1 and of none be known4 #dhj4 ,c4 ,n4 ,i4 #dha4 ,yes6 here am ,i with wine and feres again6 ,i did repent1 but1 ah6 'twas all in vain2 ,preach not to me of ,noah and his flood1 ,but pour a flood of wine to drown my pain6 #dha4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,tauba i ,nassuh1 a repentance not to be repented of4 ,nicolas4 ,in line #b note the izafat dropped after silent he4 #dhb4 ,for union with my love ,i sigh in vain1 ,the pangs of absence ,i can scarce sustain1 ,my grief ,i dare not tell to any friend2 ,o trouble strange1 sweet passion1 bitter pain6 #dhb4 ,n4 ,these quatrains are called firakiya1 and are rare in ,khayyam4 #dhc4 ',tis dawn6 ,i hear the loud ,muezzin's call1 ,and here am ,i before the vintner's hall2 ,this is no time of piety4 ,be still6 ,and drop your talk and airs devotional6 #dhc4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dhd4 ,angel of joyful foot6 the dawn is nigh2 ,pour wine1 and lift your tuneful voice on high1 ,sing how ,jemshids and ,khosraus bit the dust1 ,whelmed by the rolling months1 from ,tir to ,dai6 #dhd4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,tir and ,dai1 ,april and ,december4 #dhe4 ,frown not at revellers1 ,i beg of thee1 ,for all thou keepest righteous company2 ,but drink1 for1 drink or no1 'tis all the same1 ,if doomed to hell1 no heaven thou'lt ever see4 #dhe4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,koran1 xvi4 #ch3 ,some of them there were1 whom ,allah guided1 and there were others doomed to err4 #dhf4 ,i wish that ,allah would rebuild these skies1 ,and earth1 and that at once1 before my eyes1 ,and either raze my name from off his roll1 ,or else relieve my dire necessities6 #dhf4 ,n4 ,this rather sins against ,horace's canon1 ,nec ,deus intersit1 etc4 #dhg4 ,lord6 make thy bounty's cup for me to flow1 ,and bread unbegged for day by day bestow2 ,yea1 with thy wine make me beside myself4 ,no more to feel the headache of my woe6 #dhg4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 #dhh4 ,omar6 of burning heart1 perchance to burn ,in hell1 and feed its bale-fires in thy turn1 ,presume not to teach ,allah clemency1 ,for who art thou to teach1 or ,he to learn8 #dhh4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,the ,persian preface states that1 after his death1 ,omar appeared to his mother in a dream1 and repeated this quatrain to her4 ,for the last line ,i am indebted to ,mr4 ,fitzgerald4 #dhi4 ,cheer up6 your lot was settled yesterday6 ,heedless of all that you might do or say1 ,without so much as ,by your leave they fixed ,your lot for all the morrows yesterday6 #dhi4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,predestination4 #dij4 ,i never would have come1 had ,i been asked1 ,i would as lief not go1 if ,i were asked1 ,and1 to be short1 ,i would annihilate ,all coming1 being1 going1 were ,i asked6 #dij4 ,c4 ,l4 ,n4 7in part7 ,a4 ,b4 ,i4 ,j4 ,so the ,ecclesiast1 ,therefore ,i hated life1 etc4 #dia4 ,man is a cup1 his soul the wine therein1 ,flesh is a pipe1 spirit the voice within2 ,o ,khayyam1 have you fathomed what man is8 ,a magic lantern with a light therein6 #dib4 ,o skyey wheel1 all base men you supply ,with baths1 mills1 and canals that run not dry1 ,while good men have to pawn their goods for bread3 ,pray1 who would give a fig for such a sky8 #dib4 ,b4 ,l4 ,in line #c ,i read nih and for nihand1 which will not scan4 ,line #d is slightly paraphrased4 #dic4 ,a potter at his work ,i chanced to see1 ,pounding some earth and shreds of pottery2 ,i looked with eyes of insight1 and methought ',twas ,adam's dust with which he made so free6 #dic4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,note the arrangement of the prepositions bar 4 4 bazer4 ,bl41 ,prosody1 xiii4 #did4 ,the ,saki knows my genus properly1 ,to all woe's species he holds a key1 ,whene'er my mood is sad1 he brings me wine1 ,and that makes all the difference to me6 #did4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,a play on terms of ,logic4 #die4 ,dame ,fortune6 all your acts and deeds confess ,that you are foul oppression's votaress2 ,you cherish bad men1 and annoy the good2 ,is this from dotage1 or sheer foolishness8 #die4 ,c4 ,l4 ,a4 ,i4 ,j4 ,mu'takif1 a devotee4 #dif4 ,you1 who in carnal lusts your time employ1 ,wearing your precious spirit with annoy1 ,know that these things you set your heart upon ,sooner or later must the soul destroy6 #dig4 ,hear from the spirit world this mystery3 ,creation is summed up1 ,o man1 in thee2 ,angel and demon1 man and beast art thou1 ,yea1 thou art all thou dost appear to be6 #dig4 ,l4 ,man1 the microcosm4 ,line #b is one syllable short4 #dih4 ,if popularity you would ensue1 ,speak well of ,moslem1 ,christian1 and ,jew2 ,so shall you be esteemed of great and small1 ,and none will venture to speak ill of you4 #dih4 ,l4 #dii4 ,o wheel of heaven1 what have ,i done to you1 ,that you should thus annoy me8 ,tell me true2 ,to get a drink ,i have to cringe and stoop1 ,and for my bread you make me beg and sue4 #dii4 ,l4 ,abruy1 honour4 #ejj4 ,no longer hug your grief and vain despair1 ,but in this unjust world be just and fair2 ,and since the issue of the world is naught1 ,think you are naught1 and so shake off dull care6 #ejj4 ,l4 ,b4 ,in line #c scan nesatiyast4 ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam ,,translated ,,into ,,prose ,,from ,,the ,,french ,,version ,,of ,,monsieur ,j4,b4 ,,nicolas ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,khayyam ,this grand old poet1 who flourished in the #aath century and who brought into ,khorasan the delights of the ,court of the ,seldjoukides1 still1 in our day1 continues to charm with the pleasures of the palace of the ,kadjars at ,teheran4 ,but the difficulty1 on the one hand1 of translating a writer so essentially abstract in his philosophic thought1 so ,mystically foreign in his figurative expressions 7too often presented in the form of a repulsive materialism71 and on the other1 the embarrassment ,i could foresee in the correcting of proofs at so great a distance from ,paris1 and above all the feeling of my incapacity for undertaking so great a work1 always prevented my publishing anything up to the present time4 ,on my last journey to ,paris1 ,i met some friends eager for something new in the way of ,oriental literature1 among whom ,i am pleased to mention ,madam ,blanchecotte1 moralist and poet1 known through her many witty and impassioned publications4 ,after having listened to the brief quotations which ,i was able to cite to them from the quatrains of the poet with whom we are now occupied1 they so strongly urged me to publish a complete translation1 and put so much emphasis on their demand and so much kindness in their offers of service1 that ,i decided to conform to their desires in editing this work to-day4 ,i should1 however1 still have considered it beyond my powers1 without the co-operation of ,hassan-,ali-,khan1 minister plenipotentiary from ,persia at the ,court of the ,tuileries1 who put himself out to aid me with his profound erudition and valuable advice4 ,the history of ,khayyam1 bound to that of two persons who played a great rle in the annals of the country1 is1 ,i believe1 of sufficient interest to warrant my telling it here as it has been transmitted to us by the ,persian historians4 ,khayyam1 born in a village situated near ,nishapur1 in ,khorasan1 went to complete his studies at the celebrated medresseh of that city1 towards the end of the year #ajdb of the ,christian era4 ,accounts tell us that this college had acquired at that time the reputation of producing pupils of rare distinction1 from among whom men of talent and remarkable skill often sprung up and rapidly attained to the highest positions in the empire4 ,abdul-,kassem and ,hassan-,sebbah1 fellow-students with ,khayyam1 were the two comrades to whom he was especially attached1 notwithstanding a divergence of character and opinion which would seem to indicate in him another choice4 ,one day ,khayyam asked his two friends1 in a jesting manner1 if a compact entered into among them1 and based upon absolute necessity1 for that one of the three whom ,fortune most favored to come to the aid of the other two1 heaping benefits upon them1 would appear to them a childish thing4 ,no1 no1 answered they1 the idea is excellent and we will adopt it with all eagerness4 ,immediately the three friends clasped hands and vowed that when the time came they would be faithful to their agreement4 ,this pact but stimulated the emulation of the three young people4 ,they applied themselves to their studies with more ardor even than was demanded of them1 since in accordance with the tradition of the college1 the high places belong to those who merit them4 ,khayyam1 of a sweet and modest nature1 was rather given to the contemplation of divine things than to the pleasures of worldly life4 ,this tendency and the kind of study he cultivated made of him a ,mystic poet1 a philosopher at once skeptical and fatalistic1 a ,sufi--in a word1 what most ,oriental poets are4 ,abdul-,kassem1 on the contrary1 ambitious and positive in the full acceptation of the word1 anxious to come into power1 applied himself principally to the study of the history of his country1 which presented to him numerous examples of celebrated men who1 by their merit and courage1 had come into the highest offices1 and where1 besides1 he found excellent lessons in all branches of administration4 ,he became an illustrious statesman4 ,as for ,hassan-,sebbah1 as ambitious as his fellow-student ,abdul-,kassem1 but less skilful1 and more violent than he in the application of means1 artful and jealous of the superiority of his comrades1 he followed somewhere nearly the same studies1 holding ever to the purpose of serving himself by the ruin of all those who dared to oppose his advancement in the career he had chosen4 ,he also became celebrated1 as will be shown farther on in this preface1 through the cruelties he committed and the blood he spilled4 ,their studies ended1 the three friends left college and separated to return to their own homes1 where they remained a certain length of time without renown4 ,abdul-,kassem1 however1 was not long in making himself advantageously known at the ,court of ,alp-,arslan1 the second king of the dynasty of the ,seldjoukides1 through divers writings on the subject of administration1 and soon became the private secretary of that monarch1 then under-secretary of ,state1 and finally ,prime ,minister4 ,alp-,arslan1 in putting this skilful administrator at the head of affairs in his empire1 conferred upon him the honorary title of ,nizam-el-,moulk1 ,regulator of the ,empire1 a title which1 among the ,persians1 replaces the name of the person to whom it is granted4 ,the historians of that time write in eulogy of this great man and1 attributing to his virtues and his ability the success and prosperity of ,alp-,arslan's reign1 hold in profound admiration the discernment of that monarch1 who knew how to attach to himself a minister endowed with so much skill in directing the affairs of his vast ,principalities1 which attained1 under his administration1 the highest degree of glory of which the ,persian annals make mention4 ,it was towards that epoch1 where ,nizam-el-,moulk 7for henceforth it is by this title that we shall designate him7 had arrived at the apogee of his power1 that his two friends came to recall to him the contract concluded amongst them4 ,what do you demand of me8 he said to them4 ,i only ask1 responded ,khayyam1 that ,i may enjoy the revenues of my native village4 ,i am a ,sufi and not ambitious2 if you accede to my request1 ,i could1 under my paternal roof1 far from the inseparable fetters of the things of this world1 cultivate poesy1 which delights my soul1 and peaceably contemplate the works of the ,creator1 which is acceptable to my mind4 ,as for me1 said ,hassan-,sebbah1 ,i ask a place at ,court4 ,the minister granted everything3 the young poet returned to his village1 of which he became chief1 and ,hassan-,sebbah took his place at ,court1 where1 crafty courtier that he was1 he was not long in getting into the good graces of the monarch4 ,but1 although he had already acquired the highest distinction possible1 thanks to the effective aid of ,nizam-el-,moulk1 his envious and zealous mind could not accommodate itself to the kind of submission in which he found himself1 face to face with his benefactor4 ,he immediately went to work to overturn and supplant him4 ,to this end1 he commenced to insinuate to ,alp-,arslan that the royal finances were not in good state1 the minister having neglected the collecting of taxes1 and not having rendered an account upon this important subject for three years4 ,the ,prince gave ear to these treacherous criticisms1 and immediately ,nizam-el-,moulk was sent for to ,court1 where ,alp-,arslan asked him1 in presence of all the great dignitaries1 called together for this purpose1 for a complete account of uncollected taxes and a definite statement of all finances of ,state4 ,nizam-el-,moulk excused himself as best he could for the delay of which his ,majesty complained1 on the ground of certain circumstances beyond his control1 and promised to occupy himself seriously with the question1 with the aim of being able to present a complete accounting in six months' time4 ,the ,prince appeared satisfied and allowed the minister to retire4 ,but he had scarcely passed the sill of the palace door when ,hassan-,sebbah1 approaching the ,king remarked that if anything were needed to prove the incapacity of the minister in a matter of this kind1 it was to be found precisely in the extraordinary delay that he asked for putting the finances of the ,empire in order4 ,this observation struck the ,prince1 who asked the courtier making it if he wished to take charge of this work1 and if he would engage to have it finished in a shorter space of time4 ,upon the affirmative response of the artful ,hassan1 who only asked for forty days for the accomplishment of the task1 an order was given to ,nizam-el-,moulk to put the archives of the finances immediately at his disposition1 the moustofis 7writings of the ,chief ,justice7 and all the details of the management4 ,hassan1 delighted at finding himself so suddenly at the head of the most important branch of the administration1 already considered the complete ruin of ,nizam-el-,moulk as assured4 ,the latter1 on his side1 perceived1 but a little too late1 the imprudence he had been guilty of in placing in so high a position a man whom he ought to have known1 and concerning whom he should have been on his guard4 ,however1 he did not despair of frustrating1 scheme against scheme1 the well-advanced projects of his ambitious antagonist4 ,knowing by experience how corruptible the men of his time were1 and recognizing1 too1 the proverbial greediness and weakness of character of the confidant of ,hassan-,sebbah to whom the latter believed it possible to trust the work that he had undertaken upon the order of ,alp-,arslan1 he did not hesitate to furnish to one of his favorites1 upon whose faithfulness he knew he could count1 sums large enough to be irresistible in the carrying out of the plan which he had conceived4 ,the favorite of the minister1 a safe man1 accustomed to this kind of service1 so skilfully used this money that he was not long in winning the good graces of ,hassan's weak and interested confidant1 and was thus able to furnish to his master all the information which he awaited with impatience1 and of which he could make good use when the right moment was come4 ,that moment was the expiration of the forty days which ,hassan-,sebbah had demanded4 ,on the appointed day all was ready1 and ,hassan seemed to triumph2 but ,nizam-el-,moulk had on that very day when the voluminous record which his adversary had prepared was to be put before the ,king in official audience1 given his favorite some final instructions which should throw ,hassan into confusion4 ,this faithful and adroit servitor went to find the confidant1 whose confidence he had gained by means of gifts1 and begged him to show him the wonderful statement which ,nizam-el-,moulk had declared could not be finished in less than six months1 and his master had had the skill to complete in forty days4 ,hassan's confidant was occupied at this moment1 and besides1 suspected nothing2 he turned over to his friend the defter--the bundle of detached leaflets which formed the record4 ,he1 putting to good use the distraction of the confidant1 detached the defter and1 in the twinkling of an eye1 confounded the order of the leaves1 as his master had recommended to him4 ,then1 placing the defter on the carpet1 he launched forth into pompous eulogy upon the skill of ,hassan-,sebbah and of his worthy acolyte who had so actively participated in this eminent work4 ,some hours afterward ,alp-,arslan received in grand audience his ministers and officers of the ,empire1 to assist at the solemn presentation of the financial accounting of ,hassan-,sebbah4 ,nizam-el-,moulk humbly kept himself in one corner of the audience hall1 awaiting the result of his stratagem4 ,upon the signal of ,alp-,arslan1 ,hassan-,sebbah deposited at the monarch's feet a fhrist1 a little book 7an index71 by means of which the ,prince could call1 in the order of the provinces1 for the leaflets contained in the defter1 which ,hassan-,sebbah took from the hands of his trusted helper4 ,at the first call1 ,hassan sought in vain the desired leaflet4 ,he was haunted by treachery and was troubled2 the rumor that this incident provoked in the hall1 the presence of the ,king who was irritated at finding such disorder in a compilation of this importance1 added to ,hassan's confusion1 and he was immediately forced to retire1 after a severe reprimand on the part of ,alp-,arslan4 ,nizam-el-,moulk was avenged2 he respectfully approached the ,king and made the observation to him that it was hardly to be expected that there would be much regularity in so serious a work1 done in such haste by incapable people4 ,after this check1 ,hassan never again appeared at ,court4 ,history tells us that he went on a voyage to ,syria1 where he adopted the dogmas of the ,ishmaelite sect1 dogmas that he resolved to import into ,persia1 adding to them other novelties more in accordance with the opinions of the ,sufis1 then very numerous in the kingdom1 with the aim of forming an army and becoming thus a terror to his enemies4 ,he did1 in fact1 return to ,persia1 but concealed himself carefully1 in order to escape the notice of ,nizam-el-,moulk1 whose sentiments towards him he suspected4 ,he went back to his native city1 ,rhei1 after having lived for some time at ,ispahan1 where1 emboldened by the facility with which he made new recruits and aided by his neophytes1 he formed no less a project than that of making the sovereign himself tremble on his throne4 ,at ,rhei he drew around him some malcontents1 who did not hesitate to adopt the dogmas that he taught them1 and who declared themselves ready to second him in his designs4 ,he then resolved to go1 with a limited number of his disciples1 and fortify himself in the mountain of ,alamout1 near the city of ,kazbin1 where he commenced to make raids on the surrounding country1 by means of which he provided for the needs of the moment and prepared an equipment for his little troop1 which soon began to be formidable4 ,it was about this time that ,alp-,arslan died1 leaving his vast estates to his son1 ,malek-,chah1 whom he strongly recommended to confide the administration to ,nizam-el-,moulk1 his faithful and pious minister4 ,but this minister did not long enjoy these new favors4 ,malek-,chah1 having had the weakness to lend his ear to the calumnious reports of his enemies1 took away from him his turban and his inkstand1 insignia of the high functions which he had so nobly fulfilled4 ,this disgrace1 facilitating a particular vengeance1 caused the death of the great statesman4 ,they found him one morning1 stretched out under his tent in the royal camp1 assassinated by a satellite of ,hassan-,sebbah4 ,before he expired1 according to the story of the chronicle1 he had time to write a piece of verse to ,malek-,chah1 in which he recommended to his benevolence his twelve sons1 to whom1 he said1 he bequeathed his old and loyal services4 ,hassan-,sebbah did not the less continue his bloody excursions1 respecting neither rank nor sex1 cutting the throats of all that came under his hand1 without pity4 ,malek-,chah1 frightened1 was obliged to send troops to put an end to these expeditions1 which made trouble and confusion in the whole extent of the ,empire4 ,but ,hassan's followers increased daily1 and soon this chief saw himself strong enough to repulse the royal troops in a vigorous attack1 and compel them to beat a retreat4 ,after this success1 ,hassan put no limit to his exploits1 and acquired such renown that nothing appeared to be able to resist him4 ,the death of ,malek-,chah took place unexpectedly soon after that of ,nizam-el-,moulk1 and ,hassan1 hastening to profit by some experiments of the celebrated ,sultan ,sandjar1 ,malek-,chah's successor1 there were incessant wars in the different branches of the ,house of ,seldjoukides1 wars which prolonged themselves until the death of ,tougroul ,,iii41 or from forty to forty-five years4 ,sultan ,sandjar1 rightly disturbed at the progress of ,hassan's invasion1 resolved to entirely destroy a band of brigands in his territory1 whose depredations and murders had spread terror in all the provinces4 ,to this end1 he re-organized an army with which he marched in person against the aggressors2 but1 arrived at a certain distance from ,mount ,alamout1 he saw one morning1 upon waking1 a dagger sunk in the earth near the bolster of his bed1 whose blade pierced a note addressed to him1 where he read1 with fright1 these words3 ,o ,sandjar6 know that if ,i had not wished to respect your days1 the hand which sunk this dagger in the earth could as well have sunk it in your heart4 ,it is said that the ,sultan was so overcome by the reading of this note1 which revealed to him the marvellous power of ,hassan-,sebbah over his trusty followers1 that he relinquished for the time being his plan of attack4 ,but let us return to ,khayyam1 who1 remaining a stranger to all these alternatives of wars1 intrigues1 and revolts with which this epoch was so filled1 lived tranquilly in his native village1 giving himself up to a passionate study of the philosophy of the ,sufis4 ,surrounded by numerous friends he sought with them1 in study and entertainment1 that ecstatic contemplation which others believe that they find in uttering cries and screams until the voice is gone1 as the crying dervishes do2 or in the circular movements that are practiced with frenzy until vertigo ensues1 as by the whirling dervishes2 or finally1 in the atrocious tortures which the ,hindoos inflict upon themselves1 until they lose consciousness4 ,the ,persian historians state that ,khayyam loved especially to converse and drink with his friends1 in the moonlight on a terrace before his house1 seated upon a carpet1 surrounded by singers and musicians1 with a cup-bearer1 who1 cup in hand1 presented it in turn to the joyous guests4 ,we believe we cannot better terminate this rapid biographical and historic sketch than in adding to the life and works of our poet two very characteristic quotations4 ,during one of these evenings of which we are speaking1 there suddenly came a gust of wind which extinguished the candles and overturned the pitcher of wine that was imprudently placed too near the edge of the terrace4 ,the pitcher was broken and the wine spilled4 ,immediately ,khayyam1 irritated1 improvised this impious quatrain1 addressed to the ,all-,powerful3 ,thou hast broken my pitcher of wine1 my ,god6 ,thus hast ,thou shut upon me the gate of joy1 ,o ,lord6 ,it is ,i who drink1 and it is ,thou who committest the disorder of drunkenness6 ,oh6 7would that my mouth were filled with earth67 couldst ,thou be drunk1 my ,lord8 ,the poet1 after having pronounced this1 casting his eyes upon a mirror1 perceived that his face was black as coal4 ,it was a punishment from heaven4 ,then he made this other quatrain1 not less audacious than the first1 and which expresses in an absolute manner1 the repulsion of the poet for the doctrine of future punishment written in the ,koran1 and preached so ardently by the mullahs4 ,the ,sufis consider this doctrine not only in direct opposition to their own1 but as unworthy the pity and clemency of the ,divinity4 ,here is the quatrain3 ,what man here below has not sinned1 can you say8 ,and how could he have lived1 had he not committed sin1 can you tell8 ,so1 if ,i do wrong and you punish me wrongly1 what is the difference which exists between you and me1 ,i ask8 ,but let us come to the complete thought of the poet which deduces itself so energetically and with so much unity through the fantasy or the mysticism of his quatrains4 ,j4,b4 ,nicolas4 ,,note4--,the ,translator being unfortunately familiar with at least seven translations and paraphrases of ,omar1 has found it by no means easy to expunge from memory the various renderings of the text4 ,this sponging out was necessary in order that a faithful presentation of ,nicolas' version of ,omar should be made4 ,with this comment1 he leaves the translation to be judged on its possible merit1 adding only this--that1 declining metre 7,fitzgerald's own domain71 he has sought to clothe the prose in verbal sonance which should not disguise or mar the inherent music of the ,omarian brook4 ,fidelity to the text1 however1 has been the first consideration4 ,r4,a4 ,,the ,,quatrains ,,of ,,omar ,,khayyam #a4 ,one morning1 coming from the tavern ,i heard a voice which said3 ,come1 joyous drinkers1 youthful fools1 arise1 and fill with me a cup of wine1 ere ,fate shall come to fill the cup of our existence4 #b4 ,o ,thou who in the universe art the object chosen of my heart6 ,thou who art more dear than the soul which gives me life1 than the eyes which give me light6 ,o ,idol1 though in life there be no thing more precious than this life1 ,thou art indeed a hundred times more precious than that life4 #c4 ,who led thee here this night1 thus given up to wine8 ,who1 indeed1 raising the veil which hid thee1 has been able to lead thee here8 ,who1 finally1 brought thee as rapidly as the wind which fans the fire that still burned in thy absence8 #d4 ,we meet but chagrin and misfortune in this world1 which serves us as a tent for the time4 ,alas6 ,no problem of creation has been solved for us1 and behold6 we leave it with hearts full of regret at knowing naught about it4 #e4 ,o ,khadja1 give us lawfully a single one of our desires2 reserve thy breath and lead us into the way of ,god4 ,surely we walk aright1 it is thou that seest crosswise2 heal1 then1 thine eyes and leave us here in peace4 #f4 ,come1 come1 arise1 and1 for the healing of my heart1 one problem solve for me3 yet quickly bring me a pitcher of wine1 and let us drink before they make pitchers out of our own dust4 #g4 ,when ,i am dead1 wash me with the juice of the vine2 in place of prayer1 sing above my tomb the praise of the cup and the wine1 and1 if you would find me again at the day of doom1 seek me in the dust of the tavern floor4 #h4 ,since no one has ever been able to answer thee from one day to the next1 hasten to glad thy heart filled with sadness4 ,drink1 ,o adorable ,moon6 drink from thy silver cup1 for long shalt thou turn in the firmament without finding us here again4 #i4 ,would that the lover the true believer were intoxicated the whole year1 mad1 absorbed with wine1 covered with dishonor6 ,for1 when we have sound reason1 chagrin assails us on all sides2 but when we are in wine1 well1 let come what will6 #aj4 ,in ,heaven's name6 with what hope does the sage attach his heart to the illusory treasures of this palace of misfortune8 ,oh6 that the ,one who gave me the name of drunkard would recant his error1 for how can he see the tavern's sign from his exalted abode4 #aa4 ,the ,koran1 which is but a name for ,the ,sublime ,word1 is1 however1 read only from time to time and not with constancy2 while ever on the brim of the cup is found a verse full of light which one can read always and everywhere4 #ab4 ,thou that drinkest not wine shouldst not for this reason blame the drunkard1 for ,i am ready to renounce ,god1 myself1 should ,he order me to renounce wine4 ,thou glorifiest thyself for not drinking wine1 but such glory but ill befits those who commit acts a hundredfold more reprehensible than drunkenness4 #ac4 ,though my body be beautiful1 and the perfume it exhales agreeable1 though the color of my face rival that of the tulip1 and my figure be supple as the cypress1 it has not been demonstrated why my celestial author placed me upon this earth4 #ad4 ,i would drink so much wine that the odor should come out of the earth when ,i have been returned to it1 and that drinkers who wish to visit my tomb may fall senseless from the sole effect of this odor4 #ae4 ,in the region of hope1 form as many friends as you can2 in the time of existence1 bind yourself to a perfect friend1 for1 know well that a hundred ,kaabas1 made of earth and water1 are not worth one heart4 ,leave1 then1 thy ,kaabas and rather seek a heart4 #af4 ,when ,i take in my hand a cup of wine and1 in the joy of my soul1 become intoxicate1 then1 in that state of fire which devours me1 ,i see a hundred miracles grow real1 and words1 clear as the most limpid water1 come to explain the mystery of all things4 #ag4 ,since the duration of a day is only two stages1 make haste to drink wine1 the limpid wine2 for know well that you near the end of your vanishing existence4 ,and1 since you know that this world drags all to decay1 be wise1 and1 also1 day and night be drenched in wine4 #ah4 ,we who give ourselves up to the will of wine offer with joy our souls in holocaust to the laughing lips of the juice divine4 ,oh6 rapturous sight6 ,our cup-bearer holds in one hand the neck of the flask and in the other the cup overflowing1 as if inviting us to receive the purest of the blood6 #ai4 ,yes1 we1 seated in the midst of this treasure in ruins1 surrounded by wine and dancers1 have put in pawn in order to procure them all that we possess3 soul1 heart1 goods--everything but the cup4 ,we are thus freed from hope of pardon and fear of punishment4 ,we are beyond the air1 the earth1 and fire and water4 #bj4 ,the distance which separates incredulity from faith is but a breath1--that which separates doubt from certainty is equally but a breath4 ,let us1 then1 pass this precious space of a breath gaily1 for our life also is only separated from death by the space of a breath4 #ba4 ,o ,wheel of ,destiny6 destruction comes of thy implacable hate4 ,tyranny for thee is an act of predilection which thou hast committed from the commencement of centuries2 and thou1 also1 ,o ,earth1 if one search in thy bosom1 what inappreciable treasures will he not find there6 #bb4 ,my turn of existence has slipped around in a few days4 ,it has passed as passes the wind over the desert4 ,then1 while remains to me a breath of life1 two days shall be for which ,i never need be troubled1 the day which has not come and that which now has passed4 #bc4 ,this priceless ruby comes from a mine of its own1 this rare pearl is pregnant with a character its own2 our different dogmas on this matter are erroneous1 since the enigma of perfect love is explained in a language of its own and that is not conveyed to us4 #bd4 ,since to-day is my turn for youth1 ,i intend to pass it in drinking wine1 for that is my pleasure4 ,begin not to talk of its bitterness1 to speak ill of this delicious juice1 for it is agreeable1 and is only bitter because it enforces the bitterness of my life4 #be4 ,o my poor heart6 ,since thy lot is to be bruised to death by chagrin1 since nature wills that thou be wounded each day with some new torment1 tell me1 ,o my soul1 why stay you in my body1 since you must finally leave it some day8 #bf4 ,thou canst not count to-day on seeing the day after to-morrow2 even to think of this to-morrow would be the part of folly2 if thy heart is awakened1 lose not in inaction this instant of life which remains to thee and for the duration of which ,i see no warranty4 #bg4 ,it is not necessary to knock at every door unless there be a reason for it4 ,it is better to accommodate oneself to the good and the bad here below1 for hereafter we can only enjoy the number of moves which destiny presents upon the chessboard of this terrestrial ball4 #bh4 ,this jug earthen vessel has been1 like me1 a loving and unhappy creature2 it has sighed for a lock of some young beauty's hair2 this handle that you see attached to its neck was an amorous arm passed about the neck of some girl4 #bi4 ,before your time or mine1 there were many twilights1 many dawns1 and it is not without reason that the movement of rotation is enforced upon the heavens4 ,be careful as you place your foot upon this dust1 for it has1 without doubt1 formed the eyes of someone young and fair4 #cj4 ,the temple of idols and the ,kaaba are places of adoration2 the chime of the bells is but a hymn chanted to the praise of the ,all-,powerful4 ,the mehrab ,mohammedan pulpit1 the church1 the chapel1 the cross are1 in truth1 but different stations for rendering homage to the ,deity4 #ca4 ,existing things were already predestined upon the tablet of creation4 ,the brush of the universe did not paint good and bad4 ,with destiny ,god imprinted whatever should be so imprinted1 and the efforts that we make in these directions are wholly lost4 #cb4 ,i can but vaguely tell my secret to the bad or to the good4 ,i cannot elaborate or explain my thought1 which is essentially brief4 ,i see a place of which ,i can only trace a description2 ,i possess a secret which ,i cannot unveil4 #cc4 ,false money is not current among us4 ,the broom has rid our joyous dwelling of it completely4 ,an old man1 returning from the tavern1 said to me3 ,drink wine1 my friend1 for other lives shall follow yours in your long sleep4 #cd4 ,in the face of the decrees of ,providence1 nothing avails but resignation4 ,among men nothing avails but seeming and hypocrisy4 ,i have employed every ruse1 the strongest that the human mind can invent1 but destiny has always overturned my projects4 #ce4 ,if a stranger shows you fidelity1 consider him as a kinsman2 but if a kinsman endeavors to betray you1 regard him as an enemy4 ,if poison cures you1 consider it an antidote1 and if the antidote does not agree with you1 regard it as a poison4 #cf4 ,except ,thy absence there is nothing of worth that can bruise to the quick2 he cannot be acute who is not taken with ,thy subtle charms1 and1 although there exist in ,thy mind no care for any one1 there is none who may not be preoccupied with ,thee4 #cg4 ,as long as ,i am not drunk1 my happiness is incomplete4 ,when ,i am overcome with wine1 ignorance replaces my reason4 ,but there exists an intermediary state between drunkenness and sound reason4 ,oh6 with what happiness do ,i enslave myself to such a state1 since in it there is life6 #ch4 ,who will believe that ,he who fashioned the cup could think of destroying it8 ,all these beautiful heads1 all these beautiful arms1 all these dainty hands1 are by what love created and by what hate destroyed8 #ci4 ,it is the effect of thy ignorance which makes thee fear death and abhor annihilation1 for it is evident that from this annihilation shoots up a branch of immortality4 ,since my soul has been revived by the breath of ,jesus1 eternal death has fled far from me4 #dj4 ,imitate the tulip which flowers at ,new-year's2 take1 like her1 a cup in thy hand and1 if the occasion presents itself1 drink1 drink of wine in happiness with some fair girl whose cheeks are tinted with the color of this flower1 for this blue wheel dome1 like a breath of wind1 can suddenly overturn thee4 #da4 ,since things are not allowed to come to pass as we desire1 to what purpose are our designs and our efforts8 ,we are constantly tormenting ourselves1 speaking to ourselves with sighs of regret4 ,ah6 we have arrived too late2 too soon will it be necessary for us to depart6 #db4 ,since the celestial wheel and that of destiny have never been favorable1 what matters it whether we are able to count seven heavens or believe that there are eight8 ,there are ,i repeat it two days for which ,i need not care2 the day which has not come and that which now is gone4 #dc4 ,o ,khayyam6 why so much sorrow for a sin committed8 ,what comfort more or less do you find in this self-torment8 ,he who has not sinned cannot enjoy the sweetness of pardon4 ,it is for sin that pardon must exist2 in that event why entertain a fear8 #dd4 ,no one has access to the secrets of ,god behind the mysterious curtain2 no one even in mind can penetrate there2 we have no other dwelling than the earthly mind4 ,oh1 regret6 for this also is an enigma not less difficult to comprehend4 #de4 ,long time have ,i delved in this inconstant world1 this momentary shelter2 and in my searches have employed all faculties with which ,i am endowed4 ,ah1 well6 and ,i have found the moon to pale before the light of ,thy visage1 that the cypress is deformed beside ,thy beauteous form4 #df4 ,in the mosque1 in the medresseh school annexed to the mosque1 in the church1 and in the synagogue1 they have a horror of ,hell and seek for ,paradise1 but the seed of such disquiet never germinates in the hearts of those who penetrate the secrets of the ,all-,powerful4 #dg4 ,you have traveled over the world6 ,ah1 well6 all that you have seen is nothing2 all that you have seen and all that you have heard are equally nothing4 ,you have gone from one end of the universe to the other1 all that is nothing2 you have summed it all up in one corner of your room1 all that is nothing1 still nothing4 #dh4 ,one night ,i saw in thought a sage who said to me3 ,sleep1 ,o my friend1 has never caused the rose of happiness to bloom for anyone2 why lend yourself to aught so similar to death8 ,rather drink wine1 for you will sleep enough when buried in the earth4 #di4 ,had the human heart an exact knowledge of the secrets of life1 it would also know1 at the point of death1 the secrets of ,god4 ,if to-day1 when you are with yourself1 you know nothing1 what will you know to-morrow when you shall be separated from yourself8 #ej4 ,the day when the heavens shall be confounded1 when the stars shall be obscured1 ,i will stop ,thee upon ,thy way1 ,o ,idol6 and1 taking ,thee by the hem of ,thy robe1 will ask of ,thee why ,thou hast robbed me of life after giving it to me4 #ea4 ,we should tell no secrets to the vilely indiscreet2 from the nightingale1 even1 should we conceal them4 ,consider1 then1 the torment you inflict on human souls by forcing them to disrobe thus before the gaze of all4 #eb4 ,o ,cupbearer6 since time is here1 ready to break down you and me1 this world for neither you nor me can be a place of permanence4 ,but1 equally1 be well convinced that while this jug of wine is here 'twixt you and me1 our ,god is in our hands4 #ec4 ,long time1 indeed1 with cup in hand1 ,i walked among the flowers2 nevertheless none of my projects has been realized in this world4 ,but1 although wine has not led me to the goal of my desires1 ,i will not stray from its path1 for when one follows a road he cannot retrogress4 #ed4 ,put a cup of wine in my hand1 for my heart is inflamed1 and my life slips away as quicksilver4 ,arise1 then1 for the favors of fortune are only a dream2 arise1 for the fire of thy youth is running away like the water of a torrent4 #ee4 ,we are the idolaters of love1 but the ,musulman differs from us2 we are like the pitiful ant1 but ,salomon is our foe4 ,our visages should aye be paled with love1 and our apparel in rags1 and yet the mart for silken stuffs is here below4 #ef4 ,to drink wine and rejoice is my gospel of life4 ,to be as indifferent to heresy as to religion is my creed4 ,i asked the bride of the human race the world what her dowry was1 and she answered3 ,my dowry consists in the joy of my heart4 #eg4 ,i am worthy neither of ,hell nor a celestial abode2 ,god knows from what clay he has moulded me4 ,heretical as a dervish and foul as a lost woman1 ,i have neither wealth1 nor fortune1 nor hope of ,paradise4 #eh4 ,thy passion1 man1 resembles in all things a house dog which never leaves his kennel4 ,it has the slyness of the fox1 it lies low like a hare1 and to the rage of the tiger adds the voracity of a wolf4 #ei4 ,how beautiful they are1 these different greens which mingle on the edge of a brook6 ,one thinks they must have had their birth upon the lips of one divinely fair4 ,place not thy foot upon them with disdain2 they spring from dust which1 once a face1 was tinted with the colors of a rose4 #fj4 ,each heart that ,god illumines with the light of love1 as it frequents the mosque or synagogue1 inscribes its name upon the book of love1 and is set free from fear of ,hell while it awaits the joys of ,paradise4 #fa4 ,a cup of wine is better than the kingdom of ,kawous1 and preferable to ,kobad's throne or to the realm of ,thous4 ,the sighs to which1 at dawn1 a lover is the prey are sweeter than the groans of praying hypocrites4 #fb4 ,though sin hath made me ugly and forlorn1 not without hope am ,i like some idolater relying on his temple gods4 ,so1 on the morn ,i die of yesternight's carouse1 give me some wine and call the one ,beloved1 for ,hell and ,paradise are one to me4 #fc4 ,if ,i drink wine 'tis not for mere desire2 nor for the rousing of the mob or insult to the ,faith4 ,no1 'tis for a passing knowledge of relief from self4 ,no other motive could enwreath the cup4 #fd4 ,men claim fore-knowledge1 predicating ,hell or ,heaven4 ,how plain their fault6 ,how asinine their faith6 ,for know that if all lovers of the fair and of the cup deserve a ,hell1 then ,paradise will be a void4 #fe4 ,in ,cheeban a month ,i must not embrace the vine2 in ,redjeb ,i am consecrate to ,him4 ,by right these sixty suns to ,allah and his ,prophet are assigned3 let ,ramazan in mercy bring the cooling cup again4 #ff4 ,now ,ramazan has come1 the vintage passed1 and pledging of the cup and simple customs are afar4 ,yet full the wine pots are1 and still untouched1 and houris wait for us in fond suspense4 #fg4 ,this rolling hostelry we call the world1 where light and darkness alternate1 is but the ruin of a ,jamshid's entertainment of a hundred ,kings1 or e'en a faint memento of a host of hunters like to ,bahram's self4 #fh4 ,to-day when fortune's rose is burgeoning1 fill high the cup4 ,drink deep1 ,o friend1 drink deep1 for time is not thy friend or ever willingly repeats a day like this4 #fi4 ,this palace where great ,bahram loved to drink now herds the young gazelle1 and in it lions sleep4 ,where ,bahram snared the swift wild ass1 the snare of ,time has in its turn snared him4 #gj4 ,the clouds expand and weep upon the earth4 ,no longer can we live without the amaranthine cup4 ,the tender green glads weary eyes to-day1 but oh6 that emerald verdure growing from our dust1 whose sight will it rejoice8 #ga4 ,to-day1 which we call ,adine ,wednesday1 leave the tiny cup and drink wine from a bowl4 ,if other days you drank but one fair bowl1 to-day drink two1 for ,adine ranks its fellow days1 save one4 #gb4 ,o heart6 since this world makes you sad1 since souls so pure must leave the tenement of clay1 go1 sit upon the verdure of the field sometimes1 ere verdure springs in turn from your own dust4 #gc4 ,this wine1 which by its nature hath a multitude of forms1 which now is animal and now is plant1 can never cease to be1 for its imperishable self ordains a lasting life though forms may disappear4 #gd4 ,no smoke ascends above my holocaust of crime3 could man ask more8 ,this hand1 which man's injustice raises to my head1 no comfort brings1 even though it touch the hem of saintly robes4 #ge4 ,the one on whom you surely most rely1 will be your enemy1 if but you cleanse the eyes that are within4 ,far better1 for the short time which remains1 to count but little on our friends4 ,the talk of men to-day is but a broken reed4 #gf4 ,o heedless man6 this veil of flesh is naught2 this nine-fold vault of brilliant heaven is naught4 ,then give thyself to joy in this disordered place the world1 for life is but an instant wed to it1 and that is equally naught4 #gg4 ,now bring me dancers1 wine1 and a houri with charming1 ravishing features--if houris there be4 ,or find a beautiful brook within a green ravine1 if such there be4 ,ask nothing better2 think no more of ,hell's hot penalties1 for1 verily1 none is1 nor any ,paradise more fair than that ,i sing1 if ,paradise there be4 #gh4 ,came an old man from out the tavern drunk1 his prayer-rug on his shoulders and a bowl of wine in hand4 ,i said to him3 ,aged man6 what meaneth this8 ,he answered me3 ,drink wine1 my friend1 for this world is naught but wind4 #gi4 ,a nightingale1 inebriate with love of the rose1 within a garden saw the roses laughing with a cup of wine4 ,to me he came and whispered in my ear1 in tones appropriate to the circumstance3 ,be on thy guard1 my friend2 one cannot hold the life that slips away4 #hj4 ,naught is thy body but a tent1 ,khayyam1 thy soul is its inhabitant1 and its last1 long home annihilation is4 ,when thy soul leaves the tent1 the slaves arise and strike it ere they pitch it for the oncoming soul4 #ha4 ,khayyam1 who sewed the tents of philosophic lore1 is suddenly engulfed within the crucible of grief1 and there is burned4 ,the shears of ,fate have cut the thread of his existence2 the ,auctioneer of ,life has sold him for a song4 #hb4 ,in springtime let me sit upon the edge of a broad field with one fair girl1 and wine in plenty if wine is at hand4 ,though this may culpable be thought1 ,i should be worse than any dog did ,i not dream of ,paradise4 #hc4 ,rose-colored wine in crystal cups delights4 ,it charms when sipped to lutes' melodious airs or to the plaintive throbbing of the harp4 ,the devotee who knows not of the joy that is in wine is charming to himself or when a thousand miles between us yawn4 #hd4 ,the time we pass in this world has no worth without the wine-cup and the wine4 ,it also needs the swelling sound of ,irak's flute4 ,incessant watching of things here below has told me that in pleasure and in joy alone are worth3 the rest is naught4 #he4 ,be on thy guard1 my friend1 for soon thou wilt be separate from thy soul2 thou then shalt go behind the curtain of ,god's secrecy4 ,drink1 for thou knowest not whence thou here hast come2 make haste1 for thou art ignorant where thou shalt go4 #hf4 ,since we must die1 why do we live8 ,why agonize to reach a problematic bliss8 ,since1 for some unknown cause1 we may not here remain1 why not concern ourselves about the future pilgrimage8 ,why disregard our fate8 #hg4 ,occasion makes me sing the praise of wine when ,i surround myself with men and things ,i love4 ,o ,devotee6 canst thou be happy here below knowing that wisdom is your ,lord8 ,then know1 at least1 that wisdom is my slave4 #hh4 ,the world will ever count me as depraved4 ,natheless ,i am not guilty1 ,men of ,holiness6 ,look on yourselves and question what you are4 ,ye say ,i contravene the ,koran's law4 ,yet ,i have only known the sins of drunkenness1 debauchery and leasing4 #hi4 ,free yourselves from your own passions and insatiate greed and lo6 you shall go out poor as a mendicant4 ,look1 rather1 unto what you are1 whence you have come1 and learn what you are doing and where bound4 #ij4 ,the universe is but a point in our poor round of life2 the ,djeihoun ,oxus but a feeble trace of tears and blood2 ,hell but a spark of useless worry which we give ourselves1 and ,paradise an instant of repose1 which here below we rarely catch4 #ia4 ,a slave in dire revolt am ,i3 where is ,thy will8 ,black with all sin my heart3 where is ,thy light and ,thy control8 ,if ,thou giv'st ,paradise to our obedience alone to ,thy laws1 it is a debt of which ,thou quit'st ,thyself and in such case we need ,thy pity and benevolence4 #ib4 ,i know not at all whether ,he who created me belongs to a delicious ,paradise or a detestable ,hell4 ,but ,i do know that a cup of wine1 a charming girl and a zither at the edge of a green field are three things which ,i enjoy at present1 and that you will find them in the promise that is made you of a future ,paradise4 #ic4 ,i drink wine1 and those who are opposed to it come from the left and from the right to ask me to abstain from it1 because1 say they1 wine is an enemy of religion4 ,but1 for that very reason ,i would drink it1 now that ,i hold myself an adversary of faith1 because we are permitted by ,god to drink the blood of an enemy4 #id4 ,the light of the moon has cut the black robe of night3 drink then of wine1 for one finds not often moments so precious4 ,yes1 abandon thyself to joy1 for this same moon will shine over the surface of the earth a long time after our day4 #ie4 ,impute not to the wheel of the heavens all the good and all the bad which are in man1 all the joys and sorrows which come to us by destiny2 for this wheel1 friend1 is a thousand times more embarrassed than thou1 in the path of love divine4 #if4 ,there is no shield which is proof against an arrow hurled by ,destiny4 ,grandeur1 money1 gold all go for nothing4 ,the more ,i consider the things of this world1 the more ,i see that the only good is good1 all else is nothing4 #ig4 ,a heart which does not contain in itself complete abstinence from things here below is to be pitied1 for it is at all times the prey of regret4 ,it is only the heart free from care that can be joyous2 all that exists beyond this is but a subject of torment4 #ih4 ,he who has had the intelligence to sow joy in his heart has not lost a single day in sorrow2 he has employed his faculties in seeking the will of ,god1 or has procured repose for his soul by taking a cup of wine4 #ii4 ,when ,god fashioned the clay of my body1 he knew what would be the result of my acts4 ,it is not without ,his orders that ,i have committed the sins of which ,i am guilty2 in that case1 why should ,i burn in hell-fire at the last day8 #ajj4 ,if thou hast drunk wine every consecutive day of the week1 take care not to deprive thyself of it on ,wednesday1 for1 according to our religion1 there is no difference between this day and ,saturday4 ,be an adorer of the ,all-,powerful and not an adorer of days4 #aja4 ,o my ,god6 ,thou art merciful1 and mercy is kindness4 ,why then has the first sinner been thrown out of the terrestrial ,paradise8 ,if ,thou pardonest me when ,i obey ,thee1 it is not mercy4 ,mercy is present only when ,thou pardonest me as the sinner that ,i am4 #ajb4 ,leave knowledge and take the cup in thy hand4 ,disturb thyself not about ,paradise or ,hell1 but seek rather the ,koocer the celestial river of wine4 ,sell thy silken turban to buy wine and have no more fear4 ,rid thyself of that head-dress and envelop thy head in a simple woolen band emblem of ,sufism4 #ajc4 ,tell me1 friend1 have ,i acquired riches in this world8 ,no4 ,have ,i given myself up to time as it was slipping away8 ,no4 ,i am the torch of joy2 but that torch once extinguished1 ,i am nothing4 ,i am the cup of ,djem the royal cup1 but that cup once broken1 ,i am no longer anything4 #ajd4 ,where are the dancers8 ,where is the wine8 ,quick6 that ,i may do honor to the gourd6 ,happy the heart who remembers his morning cup6 ,oh6 there are three things in this world which are dear to me3 a head lost in wine1 an amorous girl1 and the noise of the dawn4 #aje4 ,since life so soon slips away1 what matters it whether it be sweet or bitter8 ,since the soul must pass through the lips1 what matters whether it be at ,nishapur or at ,balkh8 ,drink then of wine1 for after thee and me1 the moon will long pass on from its last quarter to its first1 and from the first to last4 #ajf4 ,this caravan of life passes in curious guise6 ,be on thy guard1 my friend1 for it is joy that thus escapes6 ,disturb not thyself with the sorrow which to-morrow waits our friends1 and bring me my cup quickly1 for the night fast slips away6 #ajg4 ,he who has made the foundations of the world1 the wheel of the heavens1 how ,he has crucified the heart of man with affliction6 ,how many ruby-colored lips has ,he buried in this little globe of earth6 ,how many locks of hair perfumed with musk has ,he hidden in the bosom of the dust6 #ajh4 ,o careless men6 be not duped by this world1 since you know its pursuits4 ,throw not to the wind your precious lives2 hasten to seek a friend ,god1 and quickly drink of wine4 #aji4 ,o my companions6 pour me some wine and thus change my face1 from yellow as amber1 to the color of the ruby4 ,when ,i am dead1 lave me in wine1 and of the wood of the vine make my coffin and bier4 #aaj4 ,the day when the celestial war-horse of the golden stars was saddled1 when the planet ,jupiter and the ,pleiades were created1 from that day the ,divan ,chief ,justice of destiny fixed our lot4 ,in what respect1 then1 are we guilty1 since such is the part that was made for us8 #aaa4 ,oh6 what damage may the vessels filled to flowing do1 and how incomplete are they who possess riches6 ,the eyes of beautiful ,turkish women are a feast to the heart1 yet they are simple learners from the slaves who own them4 #aab4 ,it is necessary that our existence be effaced from the book of life1 that we expire in the arms of death4 ,o charming cupbearer1 go1 gaily bring me wine since my poor earth to earth must come4 #aac4 ,at this moment1 when my heart is not yet deprived of life1 it seems to me that there are few problems that ,i have not solved4 ,however1 when ,i call intelligence to my aid1 when ,i examine myself with care1 ,i perceive that my existence has slipped away and that ,i have still defined nothing4 #aad4 ,those who adore the seddjadeh prayer-rug are asses1 since they throw themselves1 with full consent1 into the charge of devotees and hypocrites4 ,what is most singular about them is that they1 under a mantle of piety1 preach ,islamism and are1 in reality1 worse than idolaters4 #aae4 ,when the tree of my existence shall be cut down1 when my members shall be dispersed1 let them make pitchers of my dust and fill these pitchers with wine2 then shall my dust be revived through the wine contained in them4 #aaf4 ,o ,thou1 ,god1 before whom sin is without consequence1 tell him who possesses intelligence to proclaim this important point3 that in the eyes of a philosopher it is an absolute absurdity to make divine fore-knowledge in league with sin4 #aag4 ,in the first place1 my being was given me without my consent1 which makes my own existence a lasting problem to me4 ,then1 we leave this world with regret1 and without having accomplished the aim of our coming1 of our stay1 or our departure4 #aah4 ,when my sins come back to mind1 the fire which then burned in my heart makes my boldness stream forth2 for everywhere is it established that when a slave repents1 a generous master pardons him4 #aai4 ,these potters who constantly plunge their fingers into the clay1 who employ all their mind1 all their intelligence1 all their faculties to mould it1 even to the crushing of it with their feet and striking with their hands1 of what think they8 ,it is the same clay as the human body that they are treating thus4 #abj4 ,those who1 through knowledge1 are the cream of the world2 who1 with intelligence scan the heights of the heavens1 they also1 like the firmament1 have their heads turned in their search for divine knowledge1 and are taken with vertigo and dimness of sight4 #aba4 ,god has promised us wine in ,paradise4 ,in that case why should ,he prohibit it in this world8 ,one day an ,arab in a state of drunkenness cut the hams of ,hamzah's camel with his sword4 ,it is only for him that our ,prophet makes wine illicit4 #abb4 ,since at this moment there only remains to you the memory of pleasure passed away2 since for a perfect friend you have only a cup of wine2 finally1 since that is all you own1 rejoice at least in this possession and let the cup not slip from your hands4 #abc4 ,oh6 for the time when we shall be no more and the world shall still be here6 ,there will remain no fame or trace of us4 ,the world was not unfinished when we came2 naught will be changed when we have gone from it4 #abd4 ,those whose feet have trodden the world1 who have run over it for the sake of appropriating the riches of the two hemispheres to themselves1 they are not the ones1 ,i believe1 who have ever been able to explain the true state1 the real situation of things here below4 #abe4 ,o regret6 ,the capital of life has slipped from our hands4 ,alas6 many hearts have been through death drowned in blood1 and no one returns from the other world that ,i may ask him news of the travelers who have gone4 #abf4 ,these numerous great lords1 so proud of their titles1 are so gnawed by cares and sorrows that existence to them is a burden4 ,and most ridiculous it is that they deign not to call by the name of men those who1 unlike to them1 are not slaves to their passions4 #abg4 ,this lofty ,wheel1 whose trade it is to tyrannize1 has never loosed for man the knot of any difficulty4 ,wherever it has seen an ulcerated heart1 there has it come to add wound unto wound4 #abh4 ,alas6 the period of adolescence reaches home4 ,the springtime of our pleasures slips away6 ,that bird of gaiety which is called youth1 alas6 ,i know not when it came nor when it flew away6 #abi4 ,in the midst of this whirlpool of the world1 hasten to gather some fruit4 ,seat thyself upon the throne of gaiety and bring the cup to thy lips4 ,god is indifferent both to creed and sin2 enjoy then here below1 what pleases thee4 #acj4 ,do you see those two or three imbeciles who hold the world in their hands1 and who1 in their candid ignorance1 believe themselves the wisest in the universe8 ,do not disturb yourself for1 in their high content1 they deem all heretics who are not asses like themselves4 #aca4 ,would that the tavern could always be animated by the presence of drinkers1 that fire would reach the hem of the holy robe of devotees1 that their monk's frock might be torn to tatters and their blue woolen garment be trampled under the feet of the drinkers4 #acb4 ,how long wilt thou be a dupe to colors and perfumes8 ,when wilt thou cease to seek out good and bad8 ,thou mightest be the source of ,zemzem1 thou mightest even be the water of life since thou wouldst not know how to escape entering the bosom of the earth4 #acc4 ,renounce not the drinking of wine if you have any1 for a hundred repentances follow one such resolution4 ,the roses scatter their blossoms1 the nightingales fill the air with their song1 and would it be reasonable to renounce drinking in a moment like this8 #acd4 ,as long as the friend ,god will pour for me the wine which rejoices my soul1 as long as the heavens have not deposited a hundred kisses upon my head and feet1 whatever they may do1 when the moment comes1 to induce me to renounce drinking1 how can ,i renounce it1 ,god not having ordered me to8 #ace4 ,whoever has constancy will not renounce drinking wine1 for wine has within itself the virtue of the water of life4 ,if any one renounce it during the month of ,ramazan1 let him at least abstain from engagement in prayer4 #acf4 ,when ,i am dead1 smooth to the level of the soil the dust of my tomb1 that ,i may thus be an example to other men4 ,then1 mix with wine the earth of my body and make of it--a cover for a wine-jar4 #acg4 ,o ,khayyam6 although the ,wheel of the ,heavens has1 in setting up his tent1 closed the door to discussions1 it is evident1 nevertheless1 that the cupbearer of eternity ,god has produced1 in the form of globules of wine in the cup of creation1 a thousand other ,khayyams like thee4 #ach4 ,give thyself to gaiety1 for sorrow will be infinite4 ,the stars will continue movement in the firmament1 and the bricks which will be made of thy body will serve to construct palaces for others4 #aci4 ,pass joyously thy life1 for many other travelers will file through this world2 the soul will cry after the body from which it will be separated1 and the head1 the seat of the passions1 will be trampled under the potter's feet4 #adj4 ,happy the heart of him who has passed unknown1 who has not been clothed in a robe of ceremony1 nor in luxurious garments1 nor in stuffs of great price1 who1 like the simourg1 is lifted into the skies to the place of his delight as the owl sits among the ruins of this world4 #ada4 ,drinkers alone know how to appreciate the language of the roses and of wine1 and not the feeble in heart or the poor in spirit4 ,those who have no idea of what is occult1 to them ignorance is pardonable1 for drunkards alone can understand what belongs to such an order of of things4 #adb4 ,once in the tavern1 one can make his ablutions only with wine4 ,there1 when a name is soiled1 it cannot be restored4 ,bring1 then1 some wine1 since the veil of our shame is torn in such a manner that it cannot be repaired4 #adc4 ,pierced with a vain hope1 ,i have thrown to the wind a part of my existence1 and that without having known here below a day of happiness4 ,that which ,i fear now is that time will prevent me from seizing the opportunity to make amends for the past4 #add4 ,alas6 my heart has not been able to find any remedy for its grief1 my soul has arrived at the edge of my lips death1 without having attained the object of its love4 ,alas6 my life has passed in ignorance1 and the enigma of this love has not been explained4 #ade4 ,in the regions of the soul1 it is necessary to walk with discernment2 upon the things of this world1 it is well to be silent4 ,while we have our eyes1 our tongues1 and our ears1 we should be without eyes1 without tongues1 and without ears4 #adf4 ,in this world1 he who commands a loaf of bread and who can cover his body with any garment whatsoever1 he who is neither master nor servant1 tell him to live content1 for he has a sweet existence4 #adg4 ,one should not plant in his heart the tree of sadness4 ,on the contrary1 he should ever peruse the book of joy4 ,one should drink wine1 and follow the trend of his own heart1 for behold1 the length of time remaining to you in this world is quickly measured4 #adh4 ,has ,thy empire gained in splendor by my obeisance1 ,o ,god8 ,or have my sins retrenched in any degree ,thy immensity8 ,pardon1 ,o ,god1 and do not punish1 for ,i know well that ,thou punishest late and pardonest early4 #adi4 ,it would be troublesome if my hand1 accustomed to seize the cup1 took the ,koran and depended upon ,mohammedan diet4 ,with you it is different2 you are a dry devotee1 while ,i am a depraved one1 moist through drink1 and the only fire ,i know is kindled by wine4 #aej4 ,upon earth1 no one presses to his heart a charmer with cheeks of the tints of a rose without the time comes that he feels the sting of the thorn4 ,see the comb3 before it could caress the perfumed hair of the beauty1 it had to be cut into many teeth4 #aea4 ,would that ,i had constantly in my hand the juice of the vine6 ,would that my love for these beautiful idols1 that are like houris1 might never leave my heart6 ,they say to me3 ,god has ordered you to renounce these things4 ,oh6 should ,he give me such a command1 ,i would not obey it4 ,far be the thought6 #aeb4 ,behold1 ,i must go1 and life is saddened by my going2 for1 out of a hundred precious pearls but one have ,i pierced4 ,alas6 thanks to the ignorance of men1 a hundred thousand things of deepest import yet remain unheard4 #aec4 ,to-day the season smiles2 'tis neither hot nor cold4 ,the clouds have washed away the dust which dimmed the roses2 and nightingales seem whispering to the yellow flowers that wine is balm for all4 #aed4 ,the day when ,i shall know myself no more1 and when they will speak of me as of a fable1 then ,i desire do ,i dare say it8 that my clay be made into a jar for wine and destined to service at the tavern4 #aee4 ,drink thou of wine before thy name shall vanish from this world1 for1 when this nectar enters thy heart1 sorrow disappears4 ,unbind strand by strand the hair of thy charming idol1 before the jointure of thy frame itself is loosed4 #aef4 ,o idol6 ere sorrow comes to assail thee1 order rose-colored wine4 ,thou art not gold1 ,o imbecile6 to believe that after burial in the earth1 you can be drawn from it again4 #aeg4 ,this world has not derived any advantage from my coming here below4 ,its glory and its dignity are equally unaffected by my departure4 ,my two ears have never heard any one say why ,i have come1 or why ,i am forced to go again4 #aeh4 ,all thy secrets are known to the wisdom of ,heaven ,god ,he knows them hair by hair and vein by vein4 ,i admit that by power of hypocrisy you may be able to deceive men1 but what will you do before ,him who knows your misdeeds one by one in every detail8 #aei4 ,wine gives wings to those attacked by melancholy2 wine is a mole of beauty upon the cheek of intelligence1 we have not drunk of it during the ,ramazan which has passed1 but now the eve of the month of ,burak hath arrived and we shall make amends4 #afj4 ,live in joy1 for the time is coming when all the creatures that you see will disappear under the earth2 drink1 drink of wine1 and never abandon yourself to the sorrow of this world4 ,those who come after you only too soon become a prey to it4 #afa4 ,there is not a night when my mind is not in a state of stupefaction4 ,there is not one when my breast is not inundated with pearls that flow from my eyes4 ,the disquiet which possesses me keeps the bowl of my head from filling itself with wine1 can a bowl overturned ever be filled8 #afb4 ,when my nature has seemed disposed to fasting and prayer1 ,i have a moment's hope that ,i am going to attain the aim of my desires2 but alas6 a breath of wind has sufficed to destroy the efficacy of my ablutions1 and a mouthful of wine has annihilated my fast4 #afc4 ,all my being is attracted by the sight of beautiful1 rose-colored faces2 my hand is aye ready to seize a cup of wine4 ,oh1 ,i wish to enjoy for its part what belongs to each of my members1 ere these same members are lost in the ,whole4 #afd4 ,a worldly love knows not how to produce reflection4 ,it is like a fire half extinguished which no longer gives heat4 ,a true love should know neither tranquillity1 nor repose1 nor nourishment1 nor sleep for months and years1 day nor night4 #afe4 ,how long wilt thou pass thy life in adoring thyself1 and seeking the cause of annihilation of thy being8 ,drink wine1 for a life that is followed by death is better spent in sleep or drunkenness4 #aff4 ,to-morrow ,i shall have surmounted the mountain which separates us1 and with indescribable happiness take the cup in my hand4 ,my mistress longs for me1 the day is bright2 if ,i do not hasten to enjoy myself in such a moment1 when shall ,i find enjoyment8 #afg4 ,there are people who through outrageous presumption are sunk in pride2 and others who abandon themselves to the houris of celestial palaces4 ,when the curtain is raised1 we shall see that they have fallen far1 far1 far1 from ,thee ,o ,god6 #afh4 ,we are assured that there is a ,paradise for us peopled with houris1 and that we shall find there limpid wine and honey4 ,it must then be permitted us to love women and wine here below1 for is not this our end and aim8 #afi4 ,they pretend that there exists a ,paradise where there are houris1 where the ,koocer flows1 where there is limpid wine1 honey and sugar4 ,oh6 fill quickly a cup of wine and put it in my hand1 for one present joy is worth more than a thousand promised for the future4 #agj4 ,even a mountain would dance for joy if you soaked it in wine4 ,poor is the fool who scorns the cup4 ,you dare order me to renounce the juice of the vine6 ,know then that wine is a soul which helps to bring man to perfection4 #aga4 ,from time to time my heart finds itself much straitened in its cage4 ,shameful is it to be mixed with water and clay4 ,i have often thought of destroying this prison1 but my foot would come in contact with a stone and slip on the stirrup of the ,koran's law4 #agb4 ,they say that the moon of ,ramazan month of fasting is about to appear and that wine must no longer be thought of4 ,it is well2 but let me during the remainder of ,cheeban the month preceding drink such a quantity of it that ,i may remain drunk up to the day of the fast4 #agc4 ,cease1 if ye are my friends1 all vain discourse1 and1 to relieve my mental pains pour out the wine4 ,and when to dust my frame returns1 the self-same dust collect and make it brick to stop some crevice in the tavern wall4 #agd4 ,the beverage of our existence is sometimes limpid1 sometimes muddy4 ,our garments are at one time of coarse wool1 at another of finest fabric4 ,all this is insignificant to a clear mind2 but is it insignificant to die8 #age4 ,no one has penetrated the secrets of the ,principle ,first ,cause4 ,no one has taken a step outside himself4 ,i look about and see only insufficiency from pupil to master1 insufficiency in all that the mother brings forth4 #agf4 ,restrain thy envy of the things of this world if thou wishest to be happy2 break the bonds which enchain thee to the good and the bad here below2 live contented1 for the periodic movement of the heavens takes its course1 and this life will not be of long duration4 #agg4 ,no one has had access behind the curtain of destiny2 no one has knowledge of the secrets of ,providence4 ,for seventy-two years ,i have reflected day and night1 ,i have learned nothing anywhere1 and the enigma remains unexplained4 #agh4 ,they say that at the last day there will be judgments1 and that our dear ,friend ,god will be in anger4 ,but from pure goodness only goodness emanates4 ,be then without fear1 for finally you will see that ,he is full of gentleness4 #agi4 ,drink wine1 since it is that which will put an end to the disquiet of thy heart2 it will deliver thee from thy meditations upon the seventy-two sects of the globe4 ,do not abstain from this alchemy for1 if thou drinkest but a men a measure of it1 it will destroy for thee a thousand infirmities4 #ahj4 ,wine has been prohibited1 perhaps1 but it is only prohibited according to the person who drinks it1 according to the quantity drunk1 and according to the individual with whom we drink it4 ,these points once observed1 who would drink it if not the wise8 #aha4 ,for myself1 ,i should pour some wine into a cup that would contain a pint4 ,i should be content with two cups2 but first ,i should divorce myself thrice from religion and reason1 and then espouse the daughter of the vine4 #ahb4 ,yes1 ,i drink wine1 and whoever like me is far-seeing will find that this act is insignificant in the eyes of the ,divinity4 ,from all eternity ,god has known that ,i would drink wine4 ,if ,i did not drink it1 ,his prescience would be pure ignorance4 #ahc4 ,the drinker1 if he is rich1 ruins himself4 ,the disorder of his drunkenness provokes scandal in the world4 ,for this ,i should put an emerald in the bowl of my ruby pipe1 effectually to blind the serpent of my grief4 #ahd4 ,there are some ignorant beings who have never passed a night in quest of truth1 who have never taken a step outside themselves1 who show themselves clothed in the garments of great lords and who are pleased to slander those whose conduct is irreproachable4 #ahe4 ,when the azure of dawn shows itself1 have the sparkling cup in thine hand4 ,they say that truth is bitter in the mouth of mortals4 ,that is a plausible reason for wine being truth itself4 #ahf4 ,this is the moment when the verdure begins to ornament the world1 when1 like the hand of ,moses1 the buds begin to show themselves upon the branches2 when1 revivified1 as if by the breath of ,jesus1 the plants spring forth from the earth2 when finally the clouds begin to ope their eyes and weep4 #ahg4 ,keep from the trouble and vexation of aiming to acquire white silver or yellow gold4 ,eat with thy friend1 ere thy warm breath be cooled1 for after thee come enemies who will eat thee4 #ahh4 ,each mouthful of wine which the cupbearer pours into the cup helps to extinguish the fire of anger in thy burning eyes4 ,has it not been said1 ,o great ,god1 that wine is an elixir which drives from the heart a hundred sorrows that oppress it8 #ahi4 ,when the violet has tinted her cheeks1 when the zephyr has made the roses bloom1 then he who is wise in company with the fact will drink wine until he can dash the cup against a stone showing emptiness4 #aij4 ,the devotee knows not how to appreciate as well as we ,thy divine pity4 ,a stranger can never know ,thee as perfectly as a friend4 ,they pretend that ,thou hast said3 ,if you commit sin1 ,i will send you into ,hell4 ,go now--tell that to one who knows ,thee not4 #aia4 ,a cup of wine is worth the empire of the universe2 the brick which covers the jar is worth a thousand lives4 ,the napkin with which one wipes lips moistened with wine is indeed worth a thousand turbans4 #aib4 ,o ,friends6 meet together after my death4 ,once reunited1 rejoice in being together and1 when the cupbearer takes in his hand a cup of old wine1 remember poor ,khayyam and drink to his memory4 #aic4 ,not a single time has the ,wheel of ,heaven been propitious to me1 never for one instant has it allowed me to hear a sweet voice1 not a day has it given me a second of happiness but that very day it has plunged me into an abyss of grief4 #aid4 ,a cup of wine is worth a hundred hearts1 a hundred creeds1 a mouthful of this juice divine is worth the ,empire of ,china4 ,what is there1 truly1 on the earth preferable to wine8 ,it is a bitter that is a hundred times sweeter than life4 #aie4 ,the ,wheel of ,heaven only multiplies our griefs6 ,it places nothing here below that it does not soon bear away4 ,oh6 if those who have not yet come knew the suffering this world inflicts1 they would guard themselves well from coming here4 #aif4 ,drink1 drink this wine which gives eternal life2 drink1 for it is the source of youthful joy2 it burns like fire1 but1 like life's essence1 drives away your care4 ,then drink6 #aig4 ,o ,friend1 to what good art thou preoccupied with being8 ,why trouble thus thy heart1 thy soul with idle thoughts8 ,live happily1 pass thy time joyously1 for you were not asked your opinion about the making of things as they are4 #aih4 ,the inhabitants of the tomb are returned to earth in dust2 the atoms of which they are composed are scattered here and there1 separated one from the other4 ,alas6 what is this drink in which the human race is soaked and which holds it thus in dizzy ignorance of all things1 even to the day of doom8 #aii4 ,o heart6 act as if all the good things of this world belonged to you2 imagine that this house is provided with everything1 that it is richly furnished1 and live joyously in this domain of disorder4 ,realize that thou restest here for two or three days1 and that thereafter thou shalt rise and go away4 #bjj4 ,the dogmas of religion admit only that which places you under obligation to the ,divinity4 ,that morsel of bread that you have1 refuse not to others2 keep from speaking evil2 render evil to no one1 and it is ,i who promise you a future life3 bring wine4 #bja4 ,dragged through the rapid course of time1 which accords its favors only to the least worthy1 my life is passed in a gulf of grief and sorrow4 ,in this garden of being1 my heart is hard as is the green bud of a rose2 and like a tulip1 it is dipped in blood4 #bjb4 ,what belongs to youth is wine1 the limpid juice of the vine and the society of beauty2 and since water once brought ruin to this world by annihilating it1 it is our part to drown ourselves in wine1 to pass our life in drunkenness complete4 #bjc4 ,bring wine from this ruby vessel and pour it into a simple crystal cup2 bring that thing habitual and dear to every noble man4 ,since you know that all beings are but dust1 and that a two-day tempest makes them disappear1 bring wine4 #bjd4 ,o ,thou1 the quest of whom holds all in dizziness and distress1 the dervish and the rich are equally void of means of reaching ,thee4 ,thy name is in the speech of all1 but all are deaf2 ,thou art present to the eyes of all1 but all are blind4 #bje4 ,in company with one dear friend1 how pleasing to me is a cup of wine4 ,when ,i become the prey of care1 it is fitting that my eyes should be filled with tears4 ,oh6 this abject world has nothing lasting for us1 and best it is to dwell inebriate4 #bjf4 ,keep thyself from drinking wine in the company of a boorish1 violent character1 having no mind or self-control1 for such a man knows only how to cause unpleasantness4 ,for the time1 thou wouldst have to undergo the disorder of his drunkenness1 his vociferations1 his folly4 ,and the next day1 his prayers for excuse and pardon would come to weary thy head4 #bjg4 ,since you only possess what ,god has given you1 torment not yourself to obtain the object of your covetousness4 ,keep from burdening the heart too much1 for the final drama consists in leaving all and passing beyond4 #bjh4 ,o my soul6 drink this limpid nectar which has not been stirred2 drink it in memory of the charming idols which ravish the heart4 ,wine is the blood of the vine1 my friend1 and the vine says to thee3 ,drink of me1 since ,i render it lawful to you4 #bji4 ,in the season of flowers1 drink rose-colored wine2 drink to the plaintive sounds of the lute1 to the melodious noise of the harp4 ,as for me1 ,i drink and rejoice in it2 may it be salutary to me6 ,if you do not drink1 why not be willing that ,i should8 ,go1 then1 and eat pebbles6 #baj4 ,art thou sad8 ,take a piece of hasheesh as large as a grain of barley1 or drink a small measure of rose-colored wine4 ,then you will become a ,sufi4 ,but1 if you will not drink of this or partake of that1 nothing remains for you but to eat pebbles2 go1 eat some pebbles6 #baa4 ,but yesterday1 ,i saw a potter in a bazaar treading most vigorously the clay he was molding4 ,the clay seemed to say to him3 ,i also have been like thee2 treat me1 then1 with less harshness4 #bab4 ,if thou drinkest wine1 drink it with intelligent people1 drink it in company with thy ravishing idols1 with smiles upon their lips and their cheeks tinted with the colors of the tulip4 ,drink not too much or speak boastingly of it2 make it not a refrain1 but drink a little from time to time in quietude4 #bac4 ,wine should be drunk in the company of slender creatures who ravish the heart with the color of their cheeks4 ,art thou bitten by the serpent of grief1 friend--drink1 then1 of this antidote4 ,i myself drink of it and plume myself on the strength of it2 would that it might be propitious6 ,if you drink it not1 why not be willing that ,i should8 ,go1 eat some earth4 #bad4 ,here is the ,dawn2 arise1 ,o beardless youth1 and quickly fill this crystal cup with ruby wine1 for later1 you could seek long time ere finding such a moment of existence as is lent us in this world of nothingness4 #bae4 ',twixt wine and ,jemshid's throne1 give me the wine2 the bouquet of the cup is sweeter than the ,virgin's heaven-sent fruits4 ,the morning sigh of one inebriate the bygone night is more melodious than the longdrawn lamentations of ,adhem or ,bou-,sad4 #baf4 ,o my heart6 since the foundation1 even1 of the things of this world is only a fiction1 why do you venture thus in an infinite gulf of sorrow8 ,trust yourself to destiny1 endure the evil1 for the lot which the heavenly brush has traced for you will not be effaced4 #bag4 ,of all those who have taken the long road1 who is there now returned of whom ,i may ask news8 ,o friend6 beware of putting any hope whatever in this sordid world1 for1 know well that thou here shalt ne'er return4 #bah4 ,since each of these nights and each of these days cuts off a part of thy existence1 allow not the nights or the days to cover thee with dust4 ,pass them gaily1 for how long1 alas6 shalt thou be absent1 while the nights and days will still be here6 #bai4 ,this wheel of heaven which tells its secrets to no man1 has killed a thousand ,mahmouds ,sultans and a thousand ,ayaz favorites2 drink wine1 for the life of none shall ever be restored4 ,alas6 not one of all those who left the world can again return6 #bbj4 ,o ,thou who rulest the whole universe6 knowest ,thou what are the days when wine rejoices the soul8 ,they are3 ,sunday1 ,monday1 ,tuesday1 ,wednesday1 ,thursday1 ,friday and ,saturday1 all day long4 #bba4 ,o ,being1 exquisite in thy enticing and coquettish charm6 be seated3 rise no more and thus appease the fire of a thousand torments4 ,thou enjoinest me not to look upon ,thee2 but it is as if ,thou shouldst order me to incline the cup and forbid me spilling its contents4 #bbb4 ,better to be with ,thee in the tavern1 and there tell ,thee my secret thoughts1 than to go without ,thee and make a prayer in the mosque4 ,yea1 ,o ,creator of all that was and all that is6 such is my faith1 whether ,thou burnest me1 or accordest me ,thy favor4 #bbc4 ,consort with honest and intelligent men4 ,flee a thousand miles away from the ignorant4 ,if a man of mind give thee poison1 drink it2 if an ignorant one present thee an antidote1 pour it upon the ground4 #bbd4 ,the clouds are still spread out above the roses and seem to cover them as with a veil4 ,the desire for wine is not yet satiated in my heart4 ,then go not to rest1 it is not yet the hour4 ,o my soul1 drink of the wine2 drink1 for the sun is still upon the horizon4 #bbe4 ,like unto a sparrow-hawk1 ,i am flying away from this world of mysteries1 hoping to lift myself to a higher world2 but1 fallen1 here below1 and finding no one worthy to share my secret thoughts1 ,i go out through the door by which ,i entered4 #bbf4 ,thou hast put in us an irresistible passion which is equivalent to an order from ,thee1 and1 on the other hand1 forbiddest us to give way to it4 ,poor human beings are in extreme embarrassment between this order and this prohibition1 for it is as if ,thou commandest me to upset the cup but refrain from spilling the contents4 #bbg4 ,they are gone1 these transients1 and no one of them has returned to tell the secrets concealed behind the curtain4 ,o devotee6 it is by humility that spiritual affairs take favorable turn and not by prayer1 for1 what is prayer without sincerity and humility8 #bbh4 ,throw dust upon the vault of heaven and drink some wine2 seek out the fair1 for where see you a subject for pardon1 a subject for prayer1 since1 of all those who have gone away1 no one has returned8 #bbi4 ,although on my necklace of duty ,i have never strung the pearl of submission1 as is ,thy due1 although never in my heart have ,i swept the dust from ,thy steps1 ,i have never despaired reaching the sill of ,thy throne of pity1 for never have ,i importuned ,thee with my troubles4 #bcj4 ,let us recommence the course of our pleasures and say the tekbir farewell to the five prayers4 ,everywhere1 where the flask is present1 you will see1 like the neck of the flask itself1 our necks stretching out towards the cup4 #bca4 ,here below1 we are only the puppets with which the ,wheel of ,heaven is amused4 ,this is a truth and not a metaphor4 ,we are in fact the playthings upon this human checkerboard1 which finally we leave to enter one by one the coffin of annihilation4 #bcb4 ,you ask me what is this phantasmagoria of things here below4 ,to tell you the whole truth regarding it would be too long3 it is a fantastic image which comes out of a vast sea1 and which re-enters1 later1 the same vast sea4 #bcc4 ,to-day we are lost in love1 we are in deep distress1 and finally inebriate1 within the temple of our idols render to the cult of wine its due4 ,to-day1 entirely separate from our being1 we shall have attained the step of the eternal throne4 #bcd4 ,my well-beloved would that her life might last as long as my sorrows6 has commenced to be amiable to me again4 ,she cast in my eyes a sweet and furtive look and disappeared1 saying without doubt to herself3 ,do good and cast it on the waters4 #bce4 ,here is the ,dawn6 ,rise ,thou1 ,o ,source of all ,delight6 ,drink sweetly of the wine and let us listen to the harmonies of the harp1 for the life of those who sleep will not be long1 and of those who are no more1 not one will e'er return4 #bcf4 ,o ,thou1 who knowest the secrets hidden most deeply at the bottom of the heart of each1 ,thou who raisest with ,thy hand all those who fall in distress1 give me the power of renunciation and accept my excuses1 ,o ,god6--,thou who givest this power to all1 who acceptest the excuses of all6 #bcg4 ,i saw on the walls of the city of ,thous a bird hovering before the skull of ,kai-,kawous4 ,the bird said to the skull3 ,alas6 what has become of the noise of thy glory and the sound of the clarion8 #bch4 ,raise no question of the vicissitudes of this world1 nor of affairs of the future4 ,consider what a prize we have in the present moment1 and disturb not thyself with the past or question me about the future4 #bci4 ,let not the fear of future things yellow thy cheeks2 let not present affairs make thee tremble with fright2 rejoice1 in this world of annihilation1 at the portion of pleasure which comes to you1 and wait not for that which the kindness of heaven may withhold4 #bdj4 ,if you will listen to me1 ,i will give you some advice3 ,here it is ,for the love of ,god put not on the mantle of hypocrisy4 ,eternity is for all time1 and this world is but an instant4 ,then sell not for an instant the empire of eternity4 #bda4 ,how long can ,i hold you by my ignorance8 ,my own annihilation oppresses my heart4 ,straightway ,i gird my loins with the ephod of the priests4 ,do you know why8 ,because it is the fashion of the ,musulman1 and ,i am one4 #bdb4 ,o ,khayyam6 when intoxicate1 be happy2 when seated near a beauty1 joyous be4 ,since the end of things in this world is annihilation1 pretend that you are not1 but since you are1 give yourself up to pleasure4 #bdc4 ,yesterday1 ,i visited the workshop of a potter2 there ,i saw two thousand pitchers1 some speaking1 others silent4 ,each one of these seemed to say to me3 ,where is the potter8 ,where is the buyer of pitchers8 ,where the seller8 #bdd4 ,yesterday1 while passing drunk before an inn1 ,i met an old man overcome with wine and carrying a gourd of wine upon his back4 ,i said to him3 ,o aged man6 have you no fear of ,god8 ,he answered me3 ,pity comes from ,him2 go1 drink some wine4 #bde4 ,how long will lack of success in thy enterprises grieve thee8 ,torment is the portion of those who think of the future4 ,live then1 in joy1 grieve not thy heart with the cares of this world1 and know that wine increases not at all the bitterness of pain4 #bdf4 ,wine1 which the wise man knows how to appreciate1 is for me the water of life and ,i its prophet am4 ,it is balm for the heart1 an elixir which fortifies the soul4 ,has ,god ,himself not said3 ,the benefits of the human race are found in wine4 #bdg4 ,although wine be prohibited1 drink it without ceasing1 drink it in the evening and in the morning1 drink it to the noise of songs and to the sound of the harp4 ,when you can1 procure that which sparkles like the ruby1 throw a drop on the earth and drink all the rest4 #bdh4 ,diversity of creed divides the human race into about seventy-two sects4 ,amongst all these dogmas1 ,i have chosen that of ,thy love4 ,what signify these words3 ,impiety1 ,islamism1 creed1 sin8 ,my true aim is to seek ,thee4 ,far be from me all these vain1 indifferent pretexts4 #bdi4 ,enumerate my good qualities one by one2 my faults1 pass by in tens4 ,pardon each sin committed for the love of ,god4 ,fan not the fire of hatred by the breath of passion1 pardon1 rather1 in memory of the tomb of the ,prophet of ,god ,mohammed4 #bej4 ,in truth1 wine is a limpid spirit in the cup2 in the body of the flask1 it is a transparent soul4 ,no annoying person is worthy of my society4 ,it is only the cup of wine which can figure there1 for that is at once a solid and a diaphanous body4 #bea4 ,o ,wheel of ,heaven6 ,thou art complete in ,thy ingratitude4 ,thou keepest me constantly bare naked like a fish4 ,the weaver's loom weaves clothes for human beings2 more charitable is it than ,thou1 ,o ,wheel of ,heaven6 #beb4 ,o ,khayyam6 ,time is ashamed of him who allows his heart to be saddened by vicissitudes below2 drink1 then1 to the sound of the harp1 drink some wine from the crystal1 before the crystal broken be upon a stone4 #bec4 ,if the rose is not our portion1 do not the thorns remain8 ,if light divine does not reach us1 is there not the fire of hell8 ,if we have not the clerical mantle1 or that of the temple1 or the pontifical1 do not the bells1 the church1 and the ephod remain to us8 #bed4 ,if the ,wheel of ,heaven refuses me peace1 am ,i not ready for war8 ,if ,i have not an honorable reputation1 have ,i not shame for myself8 ,here is the cup full of wine the color of rubies2 he who will not drink of it1 has he not his head and a stone8 #bee4 ,see ,dawn appears4 ,already has it rent the veil of night4 ,arise1 then1 and empty the morning cup4 ,why this sadness8 ,drink1 ,o my heart6 drink1 for these dawns will succeed each other with face turned towards us1 when we shall have ours turned towards the earth4 #bef4 ,all that this world contains are but images and flourishes of fiction4 ,ill-advised is he who does not comprehend his place in the number of these images4 ,repose1 thou1 friend1 drink a cup of wine1 give thyself up to joy and thus be delivered from all these vain figures1 from these impossible reflections which come to assail thy mind4 #beg4 ,when you are in the company of a beauty with cypress-like figure and a color fresher than the newly-culled rose1 put not far from thee the flowers of the field1 nor let the cup escape from thy hand2 do this before the north-wind of death1 like a gale which disperses the leaves of the roses1 tears in tatters the envelope of thy being4 #beh4 ,how long these cries1 these groans against the things of this world8 ,rise1 rather1 and pass gaily every instant4 ,when the universe shall be re-dressed in green from end to end1 drink wine in a ruby cup1 full to the brim4 #bei4 ,give not vain thoughts free access to thy mind4 ,drink wine throughout the year1 and always cups filled to the brim4 ,pursue the daughter of the vine and aye rejoice1 for it is better to enjoy the daughter without leave of law than know the mother with her full consent4 #bfj4 ,my love is at the apogee of its flame4 ,the beauty of the one who captivates my soul the ,divinity is complete4 ,my heart speaks1 but my tongue remains mute1 refusing to express my sentiments4 ,great ,god6 ,has one ever seen aught more strange8 ,i am devoured by thirst1 and before me flows a fresh and limpid draught6 #bfa4 ,take a cup of wine in thy hand1 then mingle thy voice with that of the nightingale1 for1 if it were meet to drink this juice of the vine without accompaniment of harmonious sound1 the wine itself would make no noise in slipping out of the flask4 #bfb4 ,guard thyself from ever despairing for a crime committed1 and be mindful of the clemency of thy ,creator1 the pity of the ,master2 for1 should'st thou die to-day1 in a state of complete drunkenness1 to-morrow he would pardon thy decaying dust for all4 #bfc4 ,o ,wheel of ,heaven1 thy circular course does not satisfy me4 ,deliver me from it1 for ,i am unworthy of thy chain4 ,if thy good pleasure consists in according thy favors only to the poor in mind1 to idiots1 ,i am neither intelligent enough or wise enough to be confounded by it4 #bfd4 ,o mufti grand judge of the city6 ,i am more a worker than art thou4 ,drunk as ,i am1 ,i own more intelligence than thou2 for thou1 thou drinkest the blood of human beings and ,i that of the vine4 ,be just and tell me which is the more sanguinary of the two8 #bfe4 ,that which is wisest is to seek joy in our hearts in a cup of wine2 and not preoccupy ourselves too much with the present or the past2 and1 finally1 were it only for an instant1 to free from the shackles of reason that soul which has been loaned us and which groans in its prison4 #bff4 ,the moment ,i shall fly from death1 when1 like the dry leaves1 the particles of my body shall detach themselves from the centers of life1 oh1 then6 with what joy shall ,i pass across the universe1 as through a sieve1 before the mason comes to sift my own dust4 #bfg4 ,that vault of heaven1 under which we reel1 we might1 in thought1 liken to a lantern4 ,the universe is the lantern4 ,the sun represents the light1 and we1 like the images with which the lantern is ornamented1 dwell there in stupefaction4 #bfh4 ,thou hast formed me of earth and of water1 what can ,i do8 ,whether ,i be wool or silk1 it is ,thou that hast woven1 and what can ,i do8 ,the good that ,i do1 the evil that ,i am guilty of1 were alike predestined by ,thee2 what can ,i do8 #bfi4 ,o friend1 come to me1 and let us take no thought of to-day nor to-morrow1 but consider our short instant of existence as spoils4 ,to-morrow1 when we shall have abandoned this old tent the world1 we shall be the companions of those who left it seven thousand years ago6 #bgj4 ,never for a moment be deprived of wine1 for it is wine that gives reflection to intelligence1 to the heart of man and to religion4 ,if the devil had tasted it for one instant1 he would have adored ,adam and have made before him thousands of genuflections4 #bga4 ,arise1 dance1 and we shall clap our hands4 ,drink to the presence of beauties with the languorous eyes of the narcissus4 ,happiness is not very great when one has emptied but a score of cups2 it is strangely complete when one arrives at the sixtieth4 #bgb4 ,i have shut upon myself the door of avarice1 and am thus free from obligation to those who are men and those who do not merit the name4 ,since there exists but one friend ,god toward whom ,i can extend my hand1 ,i am what ,i am1 and that concerns only ,him and me4 #bgc4 ,i am constantly saddened by the motion of this ,wheel of the ,heavens4 ,i am in revolt against my vile nature4 ,i have neither enough knowledge to hide myself and not return to the world1 nor intelligence enough to live there without preoccupying myself with it4 #bgd4 ,how many people that ,i see upon the surface of the earth are plunged in sleep superstition6 ,how many ,i perceive that are already buried in its depths6 ,when ,i throw my eyes over this desert of ,not-being1 how many people ,i see who have not yet come--how many who have already departed6 #bge4 ,thy pity being promised me1 ,i have no fear of sin4 ,with the provision that ,thou possessest1 ,i have no disquiet about the journey4 ,thy benevolence renders my visage white and of the black book ,i have no fear4 #bgf4 ,be not led to believe that ,i fear the world1 or that ,i have fear of dying1 or of seeing my soul go its way4 ,death being a truth1 ,i have no fear of it4 ,what ,i fear is that ,i have not lived well4 #bgg4 ,how long shall we be slaves to reason and to every day8 ,what matters it whether we remain a hundred years in this world1 or whether we dwell here but a day8 ,go1 bring some wine in a bowl before we are transformed into pitchers in the workshop of some potter4 #bgh4 ,how long will you blame us1 ,o ignorant man of ,god6 ,we are the patrons of the tavern1 we are constantly overcome with wine4 ,you are given up entirely to your chaplet1 to your hypocrisy1 and your infernal machinations4 ,we1 cup in hand and always near the object of our love1 live in accordance with our desires4 #bgi4 ,let us sell the diadem of ,khan1 the crown of ,kai1 let us sell it and buy the sound of a flute let us sell the turban and the silken cassock1 yea1 for a cup of wine let us sell the chaplet which in itself contains naught but hypocrisy4 #bhj4 ,that day when the juice of the vine does not ferment in my head1 the universe could offer me an antidote which would be a poison to me4 ,yea1 sorrow over the things of this world is a poison1 and its antidote is wine4 ,i will take the antidote then that ,i may have no fear of the poison4 #bha4 ,how long shall we blush at the injustice of others8 ,how long shall we burn in the fire of this insipid world8 ,arise1 banish from thee the sorrow of the world1 if thou art a man2 to-day is a feast2 come1 drink rose-colored wine4 #bhb4 ,i am in continual war with my passions1 but what can ,i do8 ,the memory of my deeds causes me a thousand regrets1 but what can ,i do8 ,i admit that in ,thy clemency ,thou mayest pardon my faults1 but the shame of knowing that ,thou knowest what ,i have done1 that shame will remain1 and what can ,i do8 #bhc4 ,o my soul6 we two form together the parallel of a compass4 ,although we have two points1 we make but one body4 ,actually1 we turn upon the same point and describe a circle1 but the day will come finally1 when these two points shall be united4 #bhd4 ,since this world is not a place of permanent sojourn for us1 it would be an enormous error to deprive ourselves of wine and abstain from the favors of our well-beloved4 ,oh1 peaceable man6 how long these discussions upon the creation or upon the eternity of the world8 ,when ,i no longer am1 what will it matter to me whether it be ancient or modern4 #bhe4 ,although it may be through duty that ,i present myself at the mosque1 it certainly is not for the purpose of making a prayer4 ,one day ,i stole a sedjaddeh prayer-rug4 ,the sedjaddeh is worn out2 ,i have returned again1 and still again4 #bhf4 ,be not cast down by the troubles which we call vicissitudes here below4 ,let us occupy ourselves only in drinking pure wine1 limpid wine1 the color of a rose4 ,wine1 friend1 is the blood of the world4 ,the world is our murderer2 how shall we resist drinking the blood of the heart of him who spills ours8 #bhg4 ,for the love which ,i bring thee1 ,i am ready to undergo all sorts of blame1 and if ,i violate my vow1 ,i submit to the penalty4 ,oh6 had ,i to endure until the last day the torment that thou causest me1 that space of time would still seem too short4 #bhh4 ,we have arrived too late in this circle of being1 and have descended below human dignity4 ,oh6 since life is not passed in accordance with our vows1 it is better that it should be finished1 for we are glutted with it6 #bhi4 ,since the world is perishable1 ,i would devise some scheme for it2 ,i would think only of joy1 or only of the limpid wine4 ,they say to me3 ,would ,god might make thee renounce it6 ,nay1 would that ,he might not give such command1 for if ,he gave it1 ,i would not obey6 #bij4 ,when1 with bowed head1 ,i have fallen at the feet of death2 when this destroying angel shall have made me like a bird robbed of its plumage1 then of my dust make nothing other than a flask1 for the perfume of the wine that it contains might revive me for an instant4 #bia4 ,when ,i examine closely the things of this world1 what ,i see is that human beings in general appropriate to themselves1 without merit on their part1 the good it contains4 ,as for me1 ,o ,god ,all-,powerful6 ,i meet only the reverse of my desires in all that falls under my eyes6 #bib4 ,it is ,i who am the chief of habitual patrons of the tavern2 it is ,i who am plunged in rebellion against the law1 it is ,i who1 during the long nights1 soaked in pure wine1 cry out to ,god the griefs of my heart imbrued with blood4 #bic4 ,how grow the nights without which we could not close our eyes1 and before which a cruel fate comes first to sadden us6 ,arise1 and let us breathe an instant ere the breath of the morning stirs1 for1 very long1 alas6 will this ,dawn breathe when we no longer breathe6 #bid4 ,come1 see the ,dawn1 and1 with a full cup of rose-colored wine in hand1 let us breathe for an instant4 ,as for honor1 reputation1 that fragile crystal1 let us break it against a stone4 ,renounce insatiable desires1 and stroke the silken tresses of the fair and list the harmonies of the harp4 #bie4 ,in this world1 where each breath we breathe leads to a new sorrow1 it is better never to breathe an instant without a cup of wine in hand4 ,when the breath of ,aurora makes itself felt1 arise and1 time after time1 empty the cup1 for as ,i have told you this ,dawn will breathe for long1 long years when we no longer breathe4 #bif4 ,should ,i commit all the sins of the universe1 still ,thy pity1 ,i dare believe1 would extend its hand to me4 ,hast ,thou not promised to put off the day when ,i should be a prey to my infirmities8 ,accomplish ,thy promise and for that exact not a state more frightful than that in which ,thou seest me at this moment4 #big4 ,if ,i am drunk with old wine1 ah1 well6 ,i am4 ,if ,i am an infidel1 fire worshipper or idolater1 ah1 well6 that ,i am4 ,each group of individuals forms some idea on my account4 ,but what matters it8 ,i belong to myself and ,i am what ,i am4 #bih4 ,from the time since ,i am1 ,i have not been for an instant without drunkenness4 ,this night is that of ,kidr and ,i this night am drunk2 my lips are glued to that of the cup and1 leaning my breast against the jar1 ,i have held the neck of the flask in my hand until day4 #bii4 ,i am constantly attracted by the sight of limpid wine1 my ears are ever attentive to the melodious sounds of the flute and of the rubab viol4 ,oh1 if the potter make a pitcher of my dust1 would that that pitcher might constantly be full of wine6 #cjj4 ,i understand all that annihilation and being apparently mean2 ,i know the foundation of lofty thought4 ,ah1 well6 may all this knowledge be annihilated in me if ,i recognize in man a higher state than that of drunkenness6 #cja4 ,i indeed drink wine1 but ,i commit no disorder4 ,i stretch out my hand1 but it is only to seize the cup4 ,would you know why ,i am an adorer of wine8 ,it is because ,i do not wish to imitate you and be an adorer of myself4 #cjb4 ,are you discreet enough for me to tell you in a few words what man has been from the beginning8 ,a miserable creature1 moulded in the clay of chagrin4 ,he has1 for a few years1 eaten his morsel here below1 and then has raised his foot and gone away4 #cjc4 ,it is the rim of the wine-jar which we have chosen for our place of prayer2 it is in making use of wine that we are rendered worthy of the name of man2 it is in the tavern that we get back the time lost in the mosque4 #cjd4 ,it is we who are the true aim of universal creation2 it is we who1 in the eyes of wisdom1 are the essence of divine regard4 ,the circle of this world is like a ring and1 without doubt1 we are the jeweled signet of it4 #cje4 ,drunkenness has transported us from our own misery here below to untold joys2 from our humble condition1 it has raised our heads to the skies4 ,nevertheless1 behold us finally freed from our thraldom to the body6 ,behold us returned again to the earth1 whence we came6 #cjf4 ,if ,i have eaten during the days of ,ramazan1 do not believe ,i did it through inadvertence4 ,the fatiguing hardships of the fast have so turned about my days and nights the one for the other that ,i have always believed in eating the morning repast4 #cjg4 ,we have constantly heads overcome with wine2 the presence of wine alone animates our society4 ,then leave off thy counsel1 ,o ignorant penitent6 you see that we are the adorers of wine1 and that the lips of the object of our love are turned to our desires4 #cjh4 ,this is the season of roses4 ,oh6 ,i would now give rein to one of my desires4 ,i would commit an act which infringes on the law of the ,koran4 ,yea1 for some days1 in company of the fair with velvet and bright tinted cheeks spreading rose-colored wine over the green turf1 ,i would transform the plain into a field of tulips4 #cji4 ,when in this world joy seizes us1 when it gives to our complexion the brilliant lustre of the courser of the firmament the sun1 then ,i love to be in a green prairie in the midst of beauties with velvet cheeks1 and partake with them of this sweet green hasheesh ere going again myself under this earth covered with green sod4 #caj4 ,never have we tasted in happiness a drop of water without the hand of grief appearing to present to us its bitter beverage4 ,never have we dipped a piece of bread in salt without the salt returning to re-open half-healed wounds of the heart4 #caa4 ,take care1 take good care of making noise in a tavern6 ,pass the time there1 but avoid all agitation4 ,sell the turban1 sell the book the ,koran to buy wine4 ,finally1 let us pass through the medresseh school of the mosques1 but let us not stop there4 #cab4 ,every day1 at dawn1 ,i go to the tavern4 ,there ,i give myself to the company of kalendar hypocrites4 ,o ,thou1 who art the master of secrets most concealed1 give me faith1 if ,thou wishest me to apply myself to prayer4 #cac4 ,to the cares of this world1 let us not accord as much value1 even1 as to a grain of barley2 oh6 let us be happy6 ,if we have something for breakfast1 we may have nothing for dinner2 oh6 let us be happy6 ,although nothing well cooked comes to us from the kitchen1 let us not address our troublesome prayers to any one2 oh6 let us be happy6 #cad4 ,not a single day do ,i feel myself free from the troublesome bonds of this world2 not for a single instant do ,i breathe contented with my being4 ,i have long served an apprenticeship to human vicissitudes1 and ,i have not yet become master1 either in that which concerns this world1 or in what has to do with the other4 #cae4 ,we1 in one hand1 take the ,koran2 with the other we seize the cup3 sometimes you see us carried away with that which is lawful1 sometimes with what is prohibited4 ,we1 then1 beneath this azure vault1 are not completely infidel1 or absolutely ,musulman4 #caf4 ,present a salutation on my account to ,mostapha1 and afterward say to him with all the deference due3 ,o ,lord ,hachemite6 why1 in accordance with the law of the ,koran1 is the sharp doug whey lawful1 yet pure wine prohibited8 #cag4 ,present a salutation on my part to ,khayyam1 and then say to him3 ,o ,khayyam6 you are an ignorant man4 ,when have ,i said that wine was prohibited8 ,it is lawful for intelligent men2 it is prohibited only to the ignorant4 #cah4 ,o thou that lusteth night and day for the goods of this world1 dost thou not reflect upon the terrible day8 ,take into consideration thy last breath1 come back to self1 and see how time deals with others4 #cai4 ,o thou who art the summing up of the universal creation1 cease for an instant to occupy thyself with gain or loss2 take a cup of wine from the hand of the etern cupbearer1 and free thyself thus altogether from the cares of this world and from those of the other6 #cbj4 ,if you know to what to cling upon this walk around a circle without end1 you must recognize two classes of men3 those who understand perfectly its good and its bad side1 and those who have no notion either of themselves or of things here below4 #cba4 ,render light to my heart the weight of the vicissitudes of this world4 ,conceal from mortals my reprehensible actions4 ,render me happy to-day1 and to-morrow make me what thou deemest worthy of ,thy pity4 #cbb4 ,for him who makes account of human ills1 joy1 sorrow1 pain are all identical4 ,the good and the bad of this world must one day end4 ,what matters it whether all be torment or pleasure for us8 #cbc4 ,now that the nightingale has made its voice heard1 think no longer of anything1 but seize the ruby cup of wine from the hand of the drinkers2 arise1 come1 for the rose blossoms are breathing out joy2 avenge thyself1 avenge thyself for two or three days for the torments thou hast endured4 #cbd4 ,notice this cup made of clay2 it is possessed of a soul6 ,they say a jasmine produces the flowers of the ,judas-tree4 ,but what do ,i say8 ,the shining purity of wine is a cause of my error8 ,oh1 no it is not wine1 it is diaphanous water shot with a liquid fire4 #cbe4 ,arise1 leave the cares of this world which are fleeting2 be joyous1 pass gaily this life of a moment1 for if the favors of heaven had been constant to others1 this turn of joy would not have come to you4 #cbf4 ,listen to me1 ,o thou who hast not seen old friends of experience6 ,vex not thyself with this ,wheel of ,heaven which has neither surface nor foundation3 content thyself with what thou hast and1 as a peaceable spectator1 observe here below the various games to which men are destined4 #cbg4 ,employ all thy efforts to be agreeable to drinkers1 and follow the good counsel of ,khayyam4 ,o friend6 demolish the bases of prayer and of fasting1 drink wine1 steal if you will1 but do good4 #cbh4 ,justice is the soul of the universe1 the universe is the body4 ,the angels are the wit of the body1 the heavens the elements1 the creatures in it are the members2 behold here the eternal unity4 ,the rest is only trumpery4 #cbi4 ,yesterday evening1 in the tavern1 the object of my heart that ravishes my soul ,god presented me a cup with a ravishing air of sincerity and a desire to please me1 inviting me to drink4 ,no1 said ,i to him1 ,i will not drink4 ,drink1 he answered me1 for the love of my heart4 #ccj4 ,do you wish the universe to submit itself to your will8 ,occupy yourself without ceasing in fortifying your soul4 ,share my mood1 which consists in drinking wine and never taking to myself the cares of things here below4 #cca4 ,the sages who have well considered this world of dust1 this sojourn of inconstancy from one end to the other1 see nothing in it agreeable but wine in ruby cups and beautiful countenances4 #ccb4 ,thanks to the iniquity of this ,wheel of ,heaven which resembles a mirror1 thanks to the periodic motion of time which accords its favors only to the most abject1 my cheeks1 hollowed like a cup1 are bathed in tears2 but1 like a flask1 my heart is full of blood4 #ccc4 ,yesterday before day1 in company with a charming friend and a cup of rose-colored wine1 ,i was seated on the border of a brook4 ,before me stood the cup1 that shell1 of which the pearl contained in the cup shed such a brilliant light that the herald of the sun1 awaking with a start1 announced the ,dawn4 #ccd4 ,forget the day which has been cut off from thy existence2 disturb not thyself about to-morrow1 which has not yet come2 rest not upon that which is or that which is no more2 live happily one instant and throw not thy life to the winds4 #cce4 ,art not ashamed to give thyself to corruption8--to neglect thus both what is commanded and what is forbidden8 ,even if you succeed in appropriating all the goods of the earth to yourself1 what can you do with them except to abandon them in your turn8 #ccf4 ,i have seen a man betake himself to sterile soil4 ,he was neither a heretic nor a ,musulman2 he had neither riches nor religion1 nor ,god1 nor truth1 nor law1 nor certitude4 ,who in this world or in the other would have so much courage8 #ccg4 ,one host of men is pondering upon belief1 or on the faith2 others are hovering between doubt and certainty4 ,but suddenly behind the veil there's one will cry3 ,o ignorant ones6 the way that you seek is neither here nor there6 #cch4 ,there hangs in the heavens a bull called ,parwin ,pleiades1 and another bull is underneath the earth4 ,to the eyes of intelligence or those who live in certainty1 ,i show a herd of asses placed between two beeves4 #cci4 ,some said to me3 ,drink less of wine4 ,what reason have you for not giving it up8 ,the reason that ,i give is first the face of my friend ,god and secondly the morning cup4 ,be just and tell me1 ,is it possible to give a more luminous reason8 #cdj4 ,if ,i possessed in the heavens the power which ,god exercises there1 ,i would destroy the people of this world1 and others ,i would make in my own way1 so that man1 freed from the bonds of superstition1 could attain here below the desires of his heart4 #cda4 ,my poor heart1 full of grief and folly1 has not been able to free itself from drunkenness where passion for my well-beloved has plunged it4 ,oh6 the day when the wine of this love was distributed1 my portion was1 without doubt1 drawn from the blood of my heart6 #cdb4 ,to drink wine and seek beautiful faces is wiser than to practise hypocrisy and apparent devotion4 ,it is evident that if there exist a ,hell for lovers and drinkers1 no one would wish for ,paradise4 #cdc4 ,scorn the words of coquettish women1 but accept limpid wine from the hand of those whose mien is irreproachable4 ,you know that all those who have made their appearance in this world are partly of one kind and partly of the other1 and it is not given to any to see a single one that may come back4 #cdd4 ,it is not necessary to soften and disgrace a joyous heart by sorrow1 to break under the stones of torment our moments of delight4 ,as no one is able to tell what is to be1 what is necessary is some wine1 a beloved mistress the ,divinity1 and repose according to our desires4 #cde4 ,yes1 it is beautiful to enjoy good fame2 it is shameful to complain of the injustice of heaven2 it is better to become drunk with the juice of the grape1 than to be puffed up with false devotion4 #cdf4 ,o ,god6 be pitiful to my poor imprisoned heart2 show pity to my bosom1 susceptible to so much sorrow2 pardon my feet which lead me to the tavern2 pardon my hand which seizes the cup6 #cdg4 ,o ,god6 deliver me from calculating1 more or less1 upon the things of this world2 make me preoccupied with ,thee1 and free me from myself4 ,while ,i have my sound reason good and bad are known to me2 render me drunk and free me from this knowledge of good and bad4 #cdh4 ,this ,wheel of ,heaven runs after my death and thine1 my friend it conspires against my soul and thine4 ,come1 seat thyself upon the turf1 for1 indeed1 small time remains to us before new turf shall germinate from my dust and from thine4 #cdi4 ,when we shall have lost my soul and thine1 they will place bricks upon thy tomb and mine4 ,then1 in order to cover other tombs with bricks1 they will throw my dust and thine into the kiln of the brick-maker4 #cej4 ,in this castle which by its splendor rivals the heavens1 this castle to which sovereigns succeeded with delight1 we have seen a turtledove seated on the ruined battlements crying3 ,kou1 kou1 kou1 kou ,where8 ,where84 #cea4 ,what advantage has our coming into this world produced8 ,what advantage will result from our departure8 ,what remains to us of the heap of hopes that we have conceived4 ,where is the smoke of all the pure men who under the celestial fire have been consumed and become dust8 #ceb4 ,o ,thou whose lips secrete the water of life1 permit not those of the cup to come and kiss them6 ,oh1 if ,thou shouldst permit it1 may ,i lose the name of man if ,i am not soaked in the blood of the flask1 for what is it1 this cup1 to dare to touch its lips to ,thine8 #cec4 ,i am such as ,thy power has made me4 ,i have lived a hundred years filled with ,thy benevolence and benefits4 ,i would like still a hundred years to commit sin and to see if the sum of my faults outweighed ,thy pity4 #ced4 ,now take thy cup1 carry away the gourd1 ,o ,charm of my ,heart6 and go1 explore the plains1 the borders of the brooks1 for indeed idols1 like to the moon in the light of their beautiful countenances1 have a hundred times been transformed into cups1 a hundred times have they become gourds4 #cee4 ,it is we who buy old wine and new wine1 and it is we who sell the world for two grains of barley4 ,know where you will go after death8 ,bring me some wine and go where you will4 #cef4 ,who is the man who here below has not committed sin2 can you say8 ,had he not committed it1 could he have lived1 can you tell8 ,if1 because ,i do evil1 you punish me for evil1 what then is the difference between you and me1 can you say8 #ceg4 ,oh6 where is that one whose lips are of rubies1 where that precious stone of ,bedekhchan8 ,where is that wine full of perfume which gives repose to the soul8 ,they say that the religion of ,islam prohibits it2 drink1 friend1 and have no fear1 for where do you see ,islam8 #ceh4 ,best is it to abstain from all that is not joyful2 and best it is to receive the cup from the hands of odalisques shut up in the palaces of the princes2 but best of all is drunkenness1 indifference to the ,kalendars1 forgetfulness of self4 ,a mouthful of wine1 finally1 is worth more than all that exists in the space between ,mah and ,mahi4 #cei4 ,for thee1 that which is best is to flee from the seeking of knowledge and devotion2 to finger the tresses of thy ravishing friend2 to pour into the cup the blood of the vine ere time has spilled thine own4 #cfj4 ,o friend6 be in repose amidst human vicissitudes2 disturb not thyself in vain because of the march of time4 ,when the envelope of thy being shall be torn in tatters1 what matters what thou hast done1 what thou hast said1 or how defiled thou mayest be8 #cfa4 ,o thou who hast not done good1 but who hast done evil1 and who hast afterward sought refuge in the ,divinity1 guard thyself from relying upon pardon2 for he who has done nothing resembles no more him who has sinned than he who has sinned resembles him who has done nothing6 #cfb4 ,count upon life not longer than the sixtieth year4 ,place thy foot in no direction without being overcome with wine4 ,as long as thy skull hath not been made a pitcher1 go always on thy way1 nor take the wine-gourd from thy shoulder or the wine-cup from thy hand4 #cfc4 ,this firmament is a porringer overturned upon our heads4 ,wise men1 thereat1 humble and unpresumptuous are4 ,but see the friendship which obtains between the cup and the flask4 ,lip against lip are they1 and twixt them ever flows the blood4 #cfd4 ,i have swept the sill of the tavern with my hair4 ,yes1 ,i have given up reflecting upon the good and the bad in this world and the next4 ,i saw them1 like two bowls1 rolling in a ditch1 when ,i was sleeping overcome with wine1 and ,i no more occupied myself with them than if ,i had seen a grain of barley rolling along4 #cfe4 ,the drop of water began to weep on being separated from the ocean4 ,the ocean began to laugh1 saying to it3 ,it is we who are all2 in truth1 there is no other ,god beside us1 and if we are separated1 it is only by a simple point almost invisible4 #cff4 ,how long shall ,i trouble myself with the care of knowing whether ,i possess or do not possess--if ,i ought or ought not to pass life gaily8 ,fill ever the cup of wine1 ,o cupbearer6 for ,i do not know whether ,i shall breathe out this breath that ,i am actually breathing or not4 #cfg4 ,become not a prey to sorrow in this world of iniquity2 recall not to thy soul the memory of those who are no longer here2 give up thy heart only to a friend with sweet lips and fairy-like in form and never be deprived of wine1 or throw life to the winds4 #cfh4 ,how long will you speak to me of the mosque1 of prayer and fasting8 ,go rather to the tavern and intoxicate yourself1 and even for that ask alms4 ,o ,khayyam6 drink wine1 drink2 for this earth of which thou art composed will be made into cups1 bowls1 and pitchers4 #cfi4 ,so in this palace of brief being1 you ought1 ,o wise man1 to give yourself up to rose-colored wine4 ,then each atom of your dust that the wind carries away will fall on the sill of the tavern1 all saturate with wine4 #cgj4 ,note how the zephyrs have made the roses bloom6 ,note how their fragrant beauty glads the nightingale6 ,go1 then1 repose in the shadow of these flowers1 for very speedily they depart from the earth and very often ne'er return again4 #cga4 ,behold us re-united in the midst of lovers2 behold us freed from the pain which time inflicts2 having emptied the cup of ,his love1 behold us all free1 all tranquil1 all o'ercome with wine4 #cgb4 ,suppose that you have lived in this world in accordance with your desires2 ah1 well6 after that8 ,think to yourself that the end of your days has arrived2 ah1 well6 after that8 ,admitting that you have lived for a hundred years surrounded by all that your heart could desire1 imagine in your turn1 that you have another hundred years to live2 ah1 well6 after that8 #cgc4 ,do you know how the cypress and the lily have acquired the name for freedom which they enjoy among men8 ,it is because one has ten tongues but remains mute1 and the other possesses a hundred hands and keeps them all empty4 #cgd4 ,o cupbearer6 put into my hand some of that delicious wine1 some of that juice attractive as a charming idol1 some of that nectar1 in short1 which like a chain whose links1 turning and returning upon each other1 hold fools and sages alike in sweet captivity4 #cge4 ,o regret6 that life should be passed in pure loss6 ,how lawless all our eating and how defiled our bodies6 ,i have the blame1 ,o ,god6 of not having done what ,thou hast commanded4 ,what will come to me for having done what ,thou hast not commanded8 #cgf4 ,fret not thyself on account of the inconstancy of this world2 seek wine and draw near to thy caressing mistress1 for1 thou seest that he whom his mother brought forth to-day to-morrow disappears from the earth--to-morrow returns to annihilation4 #cgg4 ,i can renounce all else1 but wine never2 for ,i have the means of making amends for all else1 but of wine1 never4 ,o ,god6 could one like me become a ,musulman and renounce old wine8 ,never4 #cgh4 ,we are all lovers1 all drunkards1 all adorers of wine4 ,we are all united in the tavern1 having banished far from us all that is good1 all that is evil1 all reflection and revery4 ,oh6 expect not intelligence or reason of us1 for we are all overcome with wine4 #cgi4 ,it is we who have confidence in the divine goodness1 who have shaken off the ideas of obedience and sin2 for where ,thy benevolence exists1 ,o ,god1 he who has done nothing is equal to him who has done something4 #chj4 ,thou hast imprinted on our being1 ,o ,god1 such singular phantasma of inconsequence1 and hast made to rise such strange phenomena4 ,myself cannot be better than ,i am1 for ,thou hast taken me as ,i am from out creation's crucible4 #cha4 ,we have violated all the vows that we have made2 we have closed upon us the door of what is called good and what is called bad4 ,then blame me not if you see me committing senseless deeds1 for we are drunk with the wine of love1 and all are drunk as we4 #chb4 ,a mouthful of old wine is of more worth than a new empire4 ,the wise man will reject all that is not wine4 ,a cup of this nectar is a hundred times preferable to the kingdom of ,feridoun4 ,the lid which covers the wine-jar is more precious than the diadem of ,kai-,khosrou4 #chc4 ,o my heart6 thou canst not penetrate the enigmatical secrets of the heavens2 thou canst never reach the culminating point to which intrepid sages have attained4 ,be content1 then1 to organize a ,paradise here below1 in making daily use of cup and wine1 for wilt thou ever reach that future ,paradise8 ,thou never wilt4 #chd4 ,those who are gone before us1 ,o cupbearer6 are imbedded in the dust of pride4 ,go1 drink wine2 go1 listen to the truth that ,i tell you3 ,all those who have gone ahead are but as the wind2 know it well1 ,o cupbearer6 #che4 ,from afar has appeared a filthy shape4 ,it is said that its body was covered with a shirt made of the smoke of ,hell4 ,it was neither a man nor a woman4 ,it has broken our flask and spilled upon the earth the ruby wine it contained1 glorifying itself at having done a deed worthy of a man4 #chf4 ,o my heart6 when thou art admitted to sit at the banquet of this idol the ,divinity1 it is after thou hast gone out of thyself in order to re-enter thyself again4 ,when thou hast tasted a mouthful of the wine of annihilation1 thou art entirely separate from those that are and from those that are no more4 #chg4 ,yes1 ,i have found myself in close acquaintance with wine1 with drunkenness4 ,but why does the world blame me for it8 ,oh6 would to ,god that all which is illegal might produce drunkenness6 ,for then never here below should ,i have seen a shadow of sound reason4 #chh4 ,thou hast broken my pitcher of wine1 my ,god6 ,thou hast shut upon me the portals of joy1 my ,god6 ,thou hast poured upon earth my limpid wine1 my ,god6 ,oh6 would that my mouth were filled with earth6 couldst ,thou have been drunk1 my ,god8 #chi4 ,o thou who art the result of the four elements and the seven heavens1 ,i see you in perplexity amongst these four and seven4 ,drink wine1 for1 as ,i have said to you more than four times1 you will return no more2 once departed1 you are gone indeed4 #cij4 ,on one hand1 ,thou hast raised a hundred ambushes about us2 on the other1 ,thou sayest to us3 ,if ye put foot there1 ye shall be caught by death4 ,it is ,thou who spreadest snares1 and whoever falls there1 ,thou bringest to a stand6 ,thou givest him to death and callest him rebel6 #cia4 ,o ,thou whose mysterious essence is impenetrable to intelligence1 ,thou who carest no more for our obedience than our faults1 ,i am drunk with sin1 but the confidence that ,i have in ,thee renders it right for me4 ,know ,thou1 that ,i count upon ,thy pity4 #cib4 ,if this world's things were only based on show1 oh6 then each day would be a feast4 ,oh6 were it not for these vain threats1 each could attain below the aim of his desires1 without a fear4 #cic4 ,o ,wheel of ,heaven6 thou fillest constantly my heart with woe4 ,thou killest in me the germ of joy1 with water ladening the air which1 would breathe1 and changest into mud the water that ,i drink4 #cid4 ,o my heart6 if thou free thyself from the grief inherent in matter1 thou shalt become a soul in all its purity2 thou shalt mount to the heavens1 thy residence shall be the firmament4 ,oh6 how thou shouldst suffer from shame at inhabiting the earth6 #cie4 ,o potter6 be attentive1 if thou possessest sound reason6 ,how long wilt thou abase man in moulding his clay8 ,it is the finger of ,feridoun1 the hand of ,kai-,khosrou which you thus put upon your wheel4 #cif4 ,o rose6 thou art the face of some young ravishing fair6 ,o wine6 thou art the ruby whose brightness joys my soul6 ,o fateful fortune6 each instant thou appearest more strange to me1 and nevertheless ,i seem to know thee4 #cig4 ,from the cookery of this world1 thou only absorbest the smoke4 ,how long1 plunged in the search for being and annihilation1 wilt thou be the prey of sorrow8 ,this world contains only loss for those who attach themselves to it4 ,now disregard this loss1 and all for thee will benefit become4 #cih4 ,as for us1 let us not try to torment men in their sleep2 let us refrain from making them utter at midnight the lamentable cry ,o my ,god6 ,o my ,god6 as others do4 ,rest not upon riches or beauty1 for the one will take wings in the night1 and the other1 in the night also1 will be ravished4 #cii4 ,if from the commencement ,thou hadst wished to make me known to myself1 why later1 hast ,thou separated me from this myself8 ,if from the first day ,thy intention was to abandon me1 why hast ,thou thrown me1 all amazed1 into the midst of the world8 #djj4 ,oh6 would to ,god that there existed some place of repose--that the road we follow had some settled end6 ,would ,god that1 after a hundred thousand years1 we could conceive the hope of one new birth of heart upon the earth as the green turf is born again6 #dja4 ,while ,i was drawing a horoscope in the book of love1 suddenly1 from the burning heart of a wise man came these words4 ,happy is he who entertains in his dwelling a friend as beautiful as the moon1 and who has in prospect a night as long as a year6 #djb4 ,the constant sequence of springtime and autumn makes the leaves of our existence disappear4 ,drink wine1 my friend1 for sages have well said that grief in this world is a poison and its antidote is wine4 #djc4 ,o my heart6 drink of wine1 drink of it in a garden and enjoy the presence of thy friend the ,divinity2 renounce hypocrisy and show4 ,is it the doctrine of ,ahmed you follow8 ,in that case1 draw from the fountain-head a cup of wine into the bowl which ,ali1 in his round of cupbearing1 shall serve4 #djd4 ,but yesterday1 at eve1 ,i broke a china cup against a stone4 ,i was drunk when committing this senseless act4 ,this cup seemed to say to me3 ,i have been like thee2 thou wilt1 in thy turn1 be like me4 #dje4 ,the flowers are in blossom1 ,o cupbearer6 bring wine4 ,leave thy acts of worship1 ,o cupbearer6 ,ere the angel of death put a watch upon us1 come1 and with a cup of ruby wine in hand1 let us rejoice while yet there are some days with the sweet presence of the friend the ,divinity4 #djf4 ,arise1 get off thy bed1 ,o cupbearer6 and pour the limpid wine4 ,before they yet make pitchers of our skulls1 pour out some wine from pitcher into bowl1 ,o cupbearer6 #djg4 ,this hypocrisy which ,i everywhere see1 ,o cupbearer6 crushes my heart with weariness4 ,arise1 and gaily bring me wine1 ,o cupbearer6 and to procure it1 put in pawn the prayer-rug and the turban4 ,perhaps my arguments will then rest upon a solid basis4 #djh4 ,examine thyself1 if thou art intelligent1 and observe what thou hast brought in the beginning and what thou wilt carry away at the end4 ,thou sayest that thou dost not drink because one must die4 ,whether thou drinkest friend1 or dost not drink1 thou needs must die4 #dji4 ,open the door1 for it is only ,thou who canst open it2 show me the way1 for it is only ,thou who canst show a way of safety4 ,i will give my hand to none of those who wish to lead me1 for all are perishable1 and only ,thou eternal4 #daj4 ,all that you tell me emanates from hatred ,o mullah6 ,you never cease to treat me as an atheist1 a man without religion4 ,i am convinced of that which ,i am1 and ,i avow it2 and should ,i be right1 is it for you to lecture me thus8 #daa4 ,resign yourself to grief if you would find a remedy1 and do not complain of your suffering if you would cure it4 ,in poverty1 be thankful to ,providence1 if you wish some day to have riches for your portion4 #dab4 ,i have seen a wise man in the house of a drunken man at evening4 ,i asked him if he could give me some news of the absent4 ,he answered me3 ,drink wine1 friend1 for many like you have gone out but have never returned4 #dac4 ,i seek a flask of ruby wine1 a book of verse1 a momentary peace in life and bread enough4 ,and if with these1 my friend1 in some lone spot with thee ,i could repose1 'twould be a happiness above a ,sultan's regal joy4 #dad4 ,how long these arguments upon the five and the four1 ,o cupbearer8 ,in comprehending one1 ,o cupbearer6 it is difficult to grasp a hundred thousand4 ,we are all of earth1 ,o cupbearer6 strike the harp3 we are all as the wind1 bring the wine1 ,o cupbearer6 #dae4 ,how long will you speak of ,yassin and ,berat1 ,o cupbearer8 ,give me a treatise upon the tavern1 ,o cupbearer6 ,the day that it is closed will be for me the night of ,berat1 ,o cupbearer6 #daf4 ,while you have in your body bones1 veins1 and nerves1 place not your foot outside the limits of your destiny4 ,yield never to your enemy1 be that enemy ,rustum1 son of ,zal2 accept nothing which puts you under obligation to a friend1 be that friend ,hatim-tai4 #dag4 ,you may indeed be taken with lips tinted with the color of the ruby1 you may indeed appreciate the cup of wine1 you may indeed call for the noise of the drum1 the sound of the harp and of the flute1 but these are only trifles4 ,god is my witness1 while you do not break the bonds of this dark world1 you nothing are4 #dah4 ,bestir yourself1 since you are under this tyrannic vault2 drink wine1 since you are in this world1 a seat of woe4 ,and1 from beginning to the end1 being only earth1 act like a man who is upon the earth1 and not as if thou wert beneath the earth4 #dai4 ,since you all secrets know1 my friend1 why be a prey to so many vain torments8 ,suppose things do not fall in touch with your desires1 you can at least be gay while you still breathe4 #dbj4 ,everywhere ,i cast my eyes ,i believe ,i see the sod of ,paradise and the brook of ,koocer4 ,they say the field outside of ,hell is transformed into a celestial sojourn4 ,rest then in that celestial place near some celestial fair4 #dba4 ,follow no other way than that which the ,kalendar follows2 seek no other place than the tavern2 occupy yourself only with wine1 song and the friend the ,divinity2 place in your hand a cup of wine1 upon your back a gourd2 drink1 ,o dear object of my heart6 drink and speak not of foolish things4 #dbb4 ,do you wish life to rest upon a rock8 ,do you wish life for some time free to be from grief8 ,dwell for one instant without drinking wine1 then at each breath you'll find a new attraction in existence4 #dbc4 ,in this world1 this house of pilferers1 it is useless to count upon a friend4 ,listen to the counsel ,i give you1 and confide it to no one4 ,bear your suffering and seek no remedy here1 be happy in your sorrows and try not to divide them with another4 #dbd4 ,there are two things which are the foundation of wisdom and which ought to be put among the number of the most important unproclaimed revelations4 ,not to eat of anything which eats of other things1 and to keep oneself unsullied by all that lives4 #dbe4 ,how is it that at the commencement of springtime the verjuice of the vine is sharp8 ,and afterwards1 how does it become so sweet8 ,and then how do we find the wine so bitter8 ,if one makes viols of a piece of wood by means of a curvd knife1 who would say on seeing it that a flute could be fashioned by the same means8 #dbf4 ,know you why1 at the break of day1 the early-rising cock makes its voice heard each moment8 ,it is to tell you1 through the mirror of the morning1 that one more night has slipped away from your existence1 and that you are still in ignorance4 #dbg4 ,give me some of this ruby wine1 tinted like the tulip4 ,pour from the neck of the flask the pure blood it contains1 for1 to-day ,i can see1 outside this cup of wine1 no friend whose inner man is pure4 #dbh4 ,pour me1 ,o cupbearer6 some wine colored like the flowers of the ,judas-tree1 pour1 ,o cupbearer6 for grief comes to oppress my soul2 pour for me the nectar1 for it is possible that in making me a stranger to myself1 it will free me one instant from the vicissitudes of this world4 #dbi4 ,thy cup1 ,o my cupbearer6 contains liquid rubies2 give some to my soul1 ,o cupbearer6 ,let it reflect that precious stone2 put in my hand1 ,o cupbearer1 this incomparable cup1 for through this ,i will give new life unto my soul4 #dcj4 ,in philosophy1 if you are an ,aristotle or a ,bouzourdj-mehr2 in power1 if you are some ,roman emperor or some potentate of ,china1 drink ever1 drink wine from the cup of ,djem1 for the end of all is the tomb4 ,oh6 though you are ,bahram himself1 the coffin is your last sojourn4 #dca4 ,i entered the studio of a potter4 ,i watched him work at his wheel1 actively occupied in moulding the necks and handles of pitchers1 forming some of them like the heads of kings1 others like the feet of beggars4 #dcb4 ,go1 choose bliss1 if you are wise1 and finally you may be able to drink wine from the hand of the drinkers of eternity1 but you are one of the ignorant and joy is not in you1 it is not given to every ignorant one to taste the sweets that ignorance gives4 #dcc4 ,o idol1 while you are on your journey through this world1 draw from the fountain-head into the pitcher1 draw this salutary wine and1 ere the potter makes another pitcher of my dust and thine1 fill out a cup1 drink it and pass me one4 #dcd4 ,be attentive1 friend1 and while thou still art able1 lighten the grief of a loving heart1 for this kingdom of grace that now thou hast will not last always1 but1 like so many others thou shalt unexpectedly be called4 #dce4 ,before you are made drunk by the cup of death1 before the revolutions of time are full behind you1 endeavor to make a foundation here below1 for you will profit nothing by going away empty-handed4 #dcf4 ,it is ,thou who disposest of the lot of the living and of the dead4 ,it is ,thou who governest this unruly ,wheel of the ,heavens4 ,although ,i am bad1 ,i am only ,thy slave1 ,thou art my master4 ,who then is guilty here below8 ,art ,thou not the ,creator of all8 #dcg4 ,o my ,king6 how can such a man as ,i1 finding himself in the season of roses1 in the midst of joyous society1 surrounded by wine1 by dancers1 remain a passive spectator8 ,oh6 to find oneself in a garden with a flask of wine and a lute are things preferable to ,paradise with its houris and its ,koocer4 #dch4 ,see the clearness of the light1 the sparkle of the wine and of the moon1 ,o cupbearer6 ,see the ravishing beauty of the rose's face1 like a shining ruby1 ,o cupbearer6 ,recall nothing of what belongs to the earth to this heart that burns like fire1 throw it not to the wind1 but bring wine1 ,o cupbearer6 #dci4 ,o limpid wine1 wine full of sheen6 ,fool that ,i am1 ,i'd drink thee in such quantity1 that all perceiving me from far would my identity confound with thine1 and say to me3 ,o master wine6 tell me1 whence do you come8 #ddj4 ,be welcome1 ,thou1 who art the repose of my soul6 ,thou art here1 and nevertheless ,i cannot believe my eyes4 ,oh6 for the love of ,god1 and not for the love of my heart1 drink1 drink of wine1 drink to the point when ,i can doubt that it is ,thou4 #dda4 ,a ,sheikh said to a prostitute3 ,you are in wine4 ,each instant you are taken in the toils of law4 ,she answered him3 ,o ,sheikh1 ,i am all that you say2 but are you what you seem to be8 #ddb4 ,i have already said the entire world1 like a bowl1 was rolling in a hollow which1 when ,i slept dead drunk1 ,i noticed no more than if ,i saw a grain of barley rolling along4 ,yesterday1 at evening1 ,i put myself in pawn at the tavern for a cup of wine4 ,the wine merchant never ceased to say3 ,o excellent security that here ,i hold4 #ddc4 ,sometimes ,thou art concealed1 showing ,thyself to none2 sometimes ,thou revealest ,thyself in all things created4 ,it is for ,thyself1 without doubt1 and for ,thy pleasure that ,thou hast produced these marvellous effects1 for ,thou art at once the maker of the spectacle we see and ,thine own beholder4 #ddd4 ,should you come to people the whole earth1 that action would not make a saddened soul rejoice4 ,it would be more to thy advantage to enslave a free man1 through thy gentleness1 than to give freedom to a thousand slaves4 #dde4 ,they tell you not to drink1 that otherwise you shall become a prey to torment1 and that in the day of reckoning you will burn as fire4 ,that may be1 but the day in which wine makes you joyous is more precious than the goods of this world and those of the next4 #ddf4 ,if your own satisfaction consists in casting grief into a heart free from all care1 you could1 friend1 make mourning with your wisdom during your whole life4 ,go1 be unhappy1 then1 for you are a person strangely ignorant4 #ddg4 ,each time you can procure two mens of wine1 drink them1 in every circumstance1 in all society wherever you may be2 for he who does is freed from scornful looks or gestures of disdain4 #ddh4 ,with a loaf of wheaten bread1 two mens of wine and meat in plenty1 and seated in some desert spot with some young beauty decked with cheeks tinted with the tulip's blush1 man hath a joy not given to any ,sultan to procure4 #ddi4 ,if in a city you acquire renown1 you are thought to be the most wicked of men2 if you retire into a corner1 they regard you as a conspirator4 ,what then is best1 were you ,elias or ,saint ,jude1 is to live in the way of knowing none1 and being known by none4 #dej4 ,if ,i were free and were allowed to use my will1 if ,i were free from the torments of destiny and unembarrassed by any sentiment of the good and bad in this world where disorder resides1 oh6 ,i would prefer not to have lived here1 not to have existed1 than to be forced to go away6 #dea4 ,drink wine1 my friend1 for see it makes the perspiration flow upon the cheeks of the beauties of ,rhei1 the most beautiful creatures in the world6 ,oh6 how long shall ,i repeat it to you8 ,yes1 ,i have broken the bonds of all my vows4 ,is it not better to break the bonds of a thousand vows than to break a pitcher of wine8 #deb4 ,we have some wine1 ,o cupbearer6 ,let us rejoice in the presence of the well-beloved the ,divinity and in the noise of the morning4 ,expect not on our part the renunciation of ,nessouh1 ,o cupbearer6 ,how long shall ,i speak to you of the story of ,noe1 ,o cupbearer8 ,bring1 bring me happily the repose of my soul the wine1 ,o cupbearer6 #dec4 ,i see neither the means of joining myself to ,thee1 nor the possibility of living for the space of a breath separated from ,thee4 ,i have not the courage to drive out the torments ,i endure4 ,oh6 how difficult my plight1 how strange my grief1 how exquisite my pain6 #ded4 ,now is the time to drink the morning wine2 the noise makes itself heard1 ,o cupbearer6 ,now we are ready1 ,o cupbearer6 here is the wine1 behold the tavern4 ,could a moment like this be for prayer8 ,silence1 ,o cupbearer6 ,leave thy discourse upon tradition and upon devotion2 drink1 ,o cupbearer6 #dee4 ,here is the noise of the morning1 ,o idol1 whose coming brings happiness6 ,chant the refrain and bring the wine2 for you know it1 the constant sequence of these months of ,tir and ,di have overturned upon the earth a thousand potentates like ,djem1 a hundred thousand like to ,kai4 #def4 ,guard thyself from being coarse in the eyes of all drinkers1 guard thyself from acquiring a bad reputation before the sages1 and drink wine2 for1 whether you drink or not1 if you belong to the fire of ,hell1 you would not know how to enter ,paradise4 #deg4 ,i wish that ,god would reconstruct the world1 ,i wish that ,he would actually reconstruct it and that ,i might see ,him at the work4 ,i wish that ,he would blot my name from the register of life1 or that out of ,his mysterious treasure1 ,he would swell the joys of my existence4 #deh4 ,o ,god6 open to me the door of ,thy benefits4 ,make me come to my fortune finally1 that ,i may not be beholden to ,thy creatures4 ,oh6 render me drunk with wine1 to the point where1 freed from all knowledge1 the torments of my head may disappear4 #dei4 ,o thou who hast been burned and burned again1 and now deservest life anew6 thou who art worthy only of adding fuel to the fire of ,hell6 how long wilt thou pray the ,divinity to pardon ,omar8 ,what relation exists between thee and ,god8 ,what audacity drives thee to ask ,him to exercise ,his pity8 #dfj4 ,as for me1 without limpid wine ,i cannot live2 my body is a burden which ,i cannot carry without drinking of the juice of the vine4 ,oh6 might ,i be the slave of that delicious moment when the cupbearer said to me3 ,another cup6 and that ,i had no longer strength to take it6 #dfa4 ,there remains to me still a breath of life1 thanks to the care of the cupbearer4 ,but discord reigns still among men4 ,i know that there only remains to me about a men of wine from last evening1 but ,i am ignorant of the space of time that is still left me to live4 #dfb4 ,take a man who possesses bread sufficient to live upon for two days1 who can draw a drop of fresh water into a cracked pitcher1 why should such a man be commanded by another who is of no more worth1 or why should he serve one who should be his equal8 #dfc4 ,since the day when ,venus and the moon appeared in the sky1 no one has seen anything here below preferable to ruby wine4 ,i am truly astonished at the wine-merchants1 for how can they buy anything superior to that which they sell8 #dfd4 ,for those endowed with knowledge and virtue1 who through their wisdom have become as torches to their disciples1 even those have not progressed beyond this night profound4 ,they have left some fables and returned to death's long sleep4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,about #abgb ,a4,d4 #b ,this title is hard to determine without any acquaintance with the contents of the pamphlet4 #c ,c4,h4,a4 ,bjerregaard in ,the ,sufi ,omar4 ,j4,f4 ,taylor ,co41 ,n4,y41 #aijb4 #d ,some of ,omar's ,rubaiyat warn us of the danger of greatness1 the instability of fortune1 and while advocating charity to all men1 recommending us to be too intimate with none4 ,attar makes ,nizam ul ,mulk use the very words of his friend ,omar ,rub4 xxviii41 ,when ,nizam ul ,mulk was in the ,agony 7of ,death7 he said1 ',oh ,god6 ,i am passing away in the hand of the ,wind4' #e ,though all these1 like our ,smiths1 ,archers1 ,millers1 ,fletchers1 etc41 may simply regain the surname of an hereditary calling4 #f ,philosophe ,musulman qui a vcu en ,odeur de ,saintet dans sa ,religion1 vers la ,fin du premier et le ,commencement du second ,sicle1 no part of which1 except the ,philosophe can apply to our ,khayyam4 #g ,the ,rashness of the ,words1 according to ,d',herbelot1 consisted in being so opposed to those in the ,koran3 ,no ,man knows where he shall die4--,this story of ,omar reminds me of another so naturally--and when one remembers how wide of his humble mark the noble sailor aimed--so pathetically told by ,captain ,cook--not by ,doctor ,hawkesworth--in his ,second ,voyage 7i4 #cgd74 ,when leaving ,ulietea1 ,oreo's last request was for me to return4 ,when he saw he could not obtain that promise1 he asked the name of my ,marai 7burying-place74 ,as strange a question as this was1 ,i hesitated not a moment to tell him ',stepney'2 the parish in which ,i live when in ,london4 ,i was made to repeat it several times over till they could pronounce it2 and then ',stepney ,marai no ,toote' was echoed through an hundred mouths at once4 ,i afterwards found the same question had been put to ,mr4 ,forster by a man on shore2 but he gave a different1 and indeed more proper answer1 by saying1 ',no man who used the sea could say where he should be buried4' #h ,since this paper was written 7adds the ,reviewer in a note71 we have met with a ,copy of a very rare ,edition1 printed at ,calcutta in #ahcf4 ,this contains #dch ,tetrastichs1 with an ,appendix containing #ed others not found in some ,,mss4 #i ,professor ,cowell4 #aj ,this was written in #ahfh4 #aa ,perhaps he would have edited the ,poems himself some years ago4 ,he may now as little approve of my version on one side1 as of ,m4 ,nicolas' theory on the other4 #ab ,a note to ,quatrain #bcd admits that1 however clear the mystical meaning of such ,images must be to ,europeans1 they are not quoted without rougissant even by laymen in ,persia--,quant aux termes de tendresse qui commencent ce quatrain1 comme tant d'autres dans ce recueil1 nos lecteurs1 habitus maintenant l'tranget des expressions si souvent employes par ,khyam pour rendre ses penses sur l'amour divin1 et la singularit de ses images trop orientales1 d'une sensualit quelquefois rvoltante1 n'auront pas de peine se persuader qu'il s'agit de la ,divinit1 bien que cette conviction soit vivement discute par les moullahs musulmans et mme par beaucoup de laques1 qui rougissent vritablement d'une pareille licence de leur compatriote l'gard des choses spirituelles4 #ac ,two ,years' ,travel in ,persia1 etc41 i4 #afe4 #ad ,the precise degree to which ,fitz,gerald himself deemed it expedient to adhere to his original may be gathered by referring to quatrains of his which he has himself declared to be renderings of particular and isolated ruba'iyat4 #ae ,these references are to other ,,mss4 and printed texts and translations in which the cited quatrain is represented4 ,i say advisedly represented1 as the different texts differ a good deal4 ,often when a quatrain is repeated in the same text1 variations may be found in it4 ,the general scope of these variations may be appreciated by a glance at the notes to my translation of the ,ouseley ,,ms4 7,o474 ,i do not propose to deal with them here1 excepting where there are important differences between the ,calcutta ,,ms4 7,c47 and the ,ouseley1 both of which were before ,edward ,fitz,gerald and between which he had to choose4 #af i4e41 the ,saki1 or ,cupbearer1 or ,drawer 7generally a comely youth71 to whom a large proportion of ,omar's ruba'iyat are addressed4 #ag ,many parallels between these translations of ,hafiz and ,fitz,gerald's ruba'iyat may be found in the ,terminal ,essay to my former work4 #ah ,the sunnat1 or ,traditions of ,muhammad1 supplementing the ,qur'an1 and held in almost equal reverence4 #ai ,zendha deli-ra means the heart alive1 or initiated in the spiritual sense1 as opposed to the mere pleasure-seekers of the world4 #bj ,see ,fitz,gerald's notes to this quatrain4 #ba ,c4 reads verdure4 #bb ,c4 reads ,in the eyes of the clouds the veils are parted4 #bc ,see the ,terminal ,essay above referred to4 #bd ,the sweet voice of ,david recurs continually in ,persian poetry4 ,we find it in ,c4 #hi et passim4 #be ,pehlevi was the language of the ancient ,persians of pre-,muhammadan times4 ,fitz,gerald's description of it as old heroic ,sanskrit is erroneous4 #bf ,yellow is the colour indicative in ,persian literature of sickness or misery1 corresponding to our word sallow4 #bg i4e41 ,permit us to regret our repentance4 #bh ,numbers of quatrains distinguished by the asterisk indicate that the quatrains were not in ,fitz,gerald's first edition1 but made their appearance in the second or subsequent editions4 ,fitz,gerald may therefore have been reminded of them by 7and in some instances took them direct from7 the text and translation of ,nicolas1 referred to as ,n #bi ,c4 reads ,since life passes1 what is sweet and what is bitter8 #cj ,dai is the month that ushers in the winter quarter of the ,muhammadan year4 #ca i4e41 ,jamshyd the ,roi soleil of early ,persian history1 and the ,kaianian dynasty--,kai ,kobad1 ,kai ,kawus1 ,kai ,khosru1 etc4 #cb ,it will be observed that the introduction of ,zal in this line was made by ,fitz,gerald in the third edition for metrical effect4 ,the versions in the first edition ,let ,rustum lay about him as he will1 and in the second ,let ,rustum cry 'to battle' as he likes are closer to the phrase in the original ,rustum son of ,zal4 #cc ,feridun was the sixth king of the ,paish-dadian dynasty4 ,jamish is evidently an error for ,jam-ist4 ,vide the ,,ms4 #cd ,see ,fitz,gerald's note to this quatrain4 #ce ,literally a stopper of the last breath4 #cf ,kausar1 in ,persian mythology1 is the head-stream of the ,muhammadan ,paradise1 whence all other rivers are supposed to flow4 ,a whole chapter of the ,qur'an is devoted to this miraculous stream1 whose ,saki is ,ali1 the son-in-law of ,muhammad4 #cg ,this ,persian here is a quotation from a famous verse in the ,qur'an1 ,,xxv4 #aa1 ,blessed is ,he who1 if ,he pleaseth1 will make for thee a better provision than this1 namely1 gardens under which rivers flow1 and he will provide thee palaces4--,e4,b4,c4 #ch ,c4 reads for food and wine1 goblet and lute1 whence we get thou beside me singing in the wilderness4 #ci ,these two lines refer to the practice in the ,east of burying treasure to hide it when a night attack 7line #a7 of dacoits or robbers is anticipated4 #dj ,see ,fitz,gerald's note upon this hero1 and the following quatrain4 #da ,moles or beauty spots are very highly esteemed in the ,east4 #db i4e41 ,if life were eternal1 you could not take the place of others who have died before you4 ,l4 #b1 lit43 let the world pass1 etc4 #dc i4e41 the ,mystic ,road or ,way of ,salvation4 #dd ,burak was the winged mule of ,muhammad on which he is said to have journeyed from ,jerusalem to heaven4 #de ,this is a very difficult quatrain to translate4 ,the mystic soaring of the soul in search of enlightenment is compared to the flight of a falcon4 ,in l4 #c1 lit43 any partner of the secret4 #df ,c4 reads these two lines3-- ,these two or three days of the period of my existence pass by ,they pass as passes the wind in the desert4 #dg ,compare ,fitz,gerald's ,first ,morning of ,creation in q4 #gc4 #dh i4e41 the ,curtain that ,veils the ,mysteries of ,god1 a constantly recurring image in ,persian literature4 #di ,c4 reads of this juggling about of the soul4 ,e4,b4,c4 suggests of this chess-opening4 #ej ,c4 reads ,and was enslaved by the curly head of a sweetheart4 #ea i4e41 ,let us cease striving to earn salvation4 #eb ,c4 reads with love4 #ec ,fitz,gerald records in his note to this quatrain that had it not been for the advice of ,prof4 ,cowell1 this and the two following quatrains would have been withdrawn after the ,second ,edition4 ,it is impossible to conceive why1 for they are singularly fine and exceptionally authorized4 #ed ,fitz,gerald's rendering in the #ast edition 7,introduction71 in this clay suburb is a more literal rendering4 #ee i4e41 ,the ferrash of fate1 preparing for the next halting-place1 destroys this tent 7body7 when the ,sultan 7soul7 arises4 #ef ,i do not know the origin of ,n4's text1 but ,i have never seen this quatrain in any other ,,ms4 ,the same remark applies to ,n4 #abc1 cited under ,no4 #dg4 #eg ,c4 reads ,from my creation the ,age derived no advantage4 #eh ,harifan2 literally1 companions1 fellow-workers4 #ei i4e41 ,the ,one ,god4 ,compare ,hafiz 7,ode #daf71 ,he who knows the ,one1 knows all4 #fj ,prof4 ,cowell's translation4 ,v4 appends a note1 ,apparently the ,essence of ,life1 the ,ding an ,sich of ,kant1 and the ,wille of ,schopenhauer1 the ,platonic ,idea1 the abiding type of the perishable individuality2 possibly1 however1 the ,vedantic 'self' is meant4 ,for the word mah moon at the commencement of the quatrain1 some of the texts read badeh wine4 #fa ,literally1 discernment4 #fb ,the obscurity of the meaning here baffles satisfactory translation4 ,prof4 ,cowell says3 ,i would rather take it as a sarcasm1 ,those fools with their unripe grapes become 7in their own eyes7 pure wine4 #fc ,azal in ,persian dogma is eternity without beginning1 i4e41 from all time1 as opposed to abad1 eternity without end1 i4e41 to all eternity4 #fd ,in the ,east a man may divorce his wife twice and take her back again1 but the third time it is irrevocable--unless 7curiously enough7 she has been married to someone else in the meantime4 #fe i4e41 ,wine1 a recurrent ,persian metaphor4 ,comp43 ,arabic bint-ul-kerm4 #ff ,zahir exoteric1 as opposed to batin esoteric1 in line #b4 #fg ,c4 reads ,i am weary4 #fh ,the opening lines of ,fitz,gerald's quatrain refer to ,omar's reformation of the calendar1 and institution of the ,jalali era1 which ,gibbon describes as a computation of time which surpassed the ,julian1 and approached the accuracy of the ,gregorian style4 7,decline and ,fall of the ,roman ,empire1 ,gibbing's edition1 #ahij1 vol4 iv41 p4 #ahj47 #fi ,c4 reads ,so long as ,i live1 ,i will not grieve for two days4 #gj i4e41 ,wine4 #ga ,the ,lauh u ,kalam are the ,tablet and ,pen whereon and wherewith the ,divine decrees of what should be from all time were written4 ,compare ,koran1 ch4 lxviii1 #a4 ,by the ,pen and what they write1 ,o ,muhammad6 thou art not distracted4 #gb ,the river ,oxus4 #gc ,the editor of the ,calcutta ,review appends the following note at the foot of ,prof4 ,cowell's article 7,e4,c471 ,these lanthorns are very common in ,calcutta4 ,they are made of a tall cylinder with figures of men and animals cut out of paper and pasted on it4 ,the cylinder1 which is very light1 is suspended on an axis1 round which it easily turns4 ,a hole is cut near the bottom1 and the part cut out is fixed at an angle to the cylinder so as to form a vane4 ,when a small lamp or candle is placed inside1 a current of air is produced which keeps the cylinder slowly revolving4 #gd ,this refers to the game of ,polo4 ,in the ,first and ,second ,editions for ,here or ,there we read ,right or ,left as in the original4 #ge ,c4 reads ,upon the ,tablet4 #gf ,literally1 ,for the ,pen once gone comes not back4 #gg ,see ,fitz,gerald's note on this quatrain4 #gh i4e41 ,of reality as opposed to the dream existence of the present4 7,e4,b4,c47 #gi ,the ,mihrab is the spot in a ,mosque indicating the precise direction of ,mecca towards which all ,muhammadans turn in prayer4 #hj ,this metaphor recurs frequently in the ruba'iyat4 ,compare ,w4 #bfa 7,n4 #bba7 and ,w4 #bge 7,l4 #dbh74 #ha i4e41 it was quite problematical how ,i might turn out4 #hb ,here begins the section devoted especially to the talking pots in the workshop of the potter--it ends at quatrain ,no4 #ij4 ,in the first edition this section was entitled ,,kuza-,,nama the ,pot-book or ,book of ,pots4 ,it may be observed that the quatrains in this section are not so closely rendered from recognisable originals as the other quatrains composing ,fitz,gerald's poem4 ,this may be accounted for by the fact that the comparison between the human form--the ,personal ,ego--and a pot made of earth by the ,supreme ,potter 7if one may be allowed the phrase7 is constantly recurrent in all ruba'iyat attributed to ,omar ,khayyam4 ,the section is therefore to a great extent a poetical reflection upon this phase of the philosophy of the ruba'iyat4 ,the use ,fitz,gerald has made of ,o4 #ajc cannot fail to amaze the student4 ,vide his own ,note to quatrain #hi4 #hc ,ramazan 7or ,ramadan7 is the ninth month of the ,muhammadan year1 which is observed as a month of fasting and penance1 during which rigid ,moslems may neither eat1 drink1 wash1 nor caress their wives1 excepting so far as is necessary to support life4 ,sha'ban is the month immediately preceding it4 ,shawwal is the month that follows it1 which begins with the great feast of ,bairam1 the festival referred to in line #d4 #hd ,a very obscure distich to translate4 ,the sense is here1 however4 #he ,compare ,romans ch4 ix4 v4 #ba4 ,hath not the potter power over the clay1 of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour1 and another unto dishonour4 #hf i4e41 ,helping one another to raise their loads4 ,prof4 ,denison ,ross suggests that this refers to the cry of the porters and muleteers in the narrow streets of ,persian cities4 ,pusht6 ,pusht6 i4e41 ,mind your backs6 #hg ,kah-ruba means literally attracting straws2 hence amber1 the elektron of the ,greeks4 ,here it is used in the descriptive sense to mean yellow4 #hh ,wuzu1 the ceremonial ,ablution enjoined upon ,muhammadans to put them into a state of grace before prayer4 #hi ,wakt-i-gul the season of roses1 a common synonym for ,spring4 #ij ,literally has become ,dai1 the first winter-month2 translated ,december1 sub quatrain ,no4 #i4 #ia ,lit43 ,or from the invisible world increase my daily provision4 #ib ,c4 reads this heart full of melancholy 7or passion74 #ic ,it will be observed that this quatrain in the first edition came a good deal closer to the original than this4 #id ,maghanah means anything connected with the ,maghs or ,magians 7i4e41 the ,guebres or ,fire-worshippers71 and came to be a synonym for age1 superiority1 excellence1 in which sense it is used here4 ,s4 ,rousseau has a very interesting note upon the history of this word at p4 #agf of his ,flowers of ,persian ,literature 7,london1 #ahja74 #ie ,meaning ,fitz,gerald's ,introduction4 ,see ,page #a4 #if ,prof4 ,cowell says3 ,i am not sure1 but ,i fancy this hard verse really is3 ',o thou who art burned 7in sorrow7 for one burnt 7in hell7--thyself being doomed to be burnt4' ,if this is correct 7which is most probable7 the accuracy of ,fitz,gerald's translation is remarkable4 #ig ,the phrase gauhar suftan to thread pearls is used in ,persian to mean to write verses or to tell a story4 ,omar uses it here referring to the generally antinomian tendency of his ruba'iyat4 #ih ,in this line ,omar claims consideration on the ground that he has never questioned the ,unity of ,god4 ,tawhid kerdan to acknowledge ,one ,god4 ,muhammadanism is essentially ,unitarian4 ,fitz,gerald appears to have missed the meaning here1 reversing the doctrine1 unless he means ,i never misread ,one as ,two4 #ii ,l4 #a4 lit4 rubbed its side with heaven4 ,this is the quatrain that ,r4,b4,m4 ,binning found written upon a stone in the ruins of ,persepolis 7,a ,journal of ,two ,years' ,travel in ,persia1 ,ceylon1 etc41 ,london1 #aheg1 ,vol4 ii4 p4 #bj74 ,fitz,gerald quotes it in a letter to ,prof4 ,cowell1 under date #acth ,january1 #ahei4 7,letters and ,literary ,remains of ,edward ,fitz,gerald1 ,london1 #ahhi4 ,macmillan1 #c vols41 and #ahid1 #b vols47 ,the word ku in ,persian signifies ,where8 #ajj ,the fifth edition is identical with the fourth4 #aja ,see ,defrmery1 ,recherches sur le rgne de ,barkirok1 p4 #ea4 #ajb ,avicenna died in #dbh ,a4,h4