,,natural ,,& ,,artificial ,,duck ,,culture ,,james ,,rank9 ,price #ej ,c5ts4 ,,fif? ,,edition1 ,,revis$ ,,& ,,enl>g$ ,,s\? ,,ea/on1 ,,mass4 #aijf ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aijf1 by ,,james ,,rank91 ,9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress1 at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,,all ,,rights ,,res]v$4 ,,design$ ,,& ,,compil$ ,,by ,h4 ,a4 ,,summ]s ,,bo/on1 ,,mass4 ,illu/ration3 ,,birds-,,eye ,,view ,,maplewood ,,f>m4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,,proprietor4 ,,introduction4 ,our orig9al motive 9 publi%+ ?is little book1 0 "o ( self-def5se1 to relieve ourselves1 9 a measure1 ( a correspond5ce :i* 0 becom+ mu* too l>ge = ! "t at our disposal4 ,aft] read+ f fifty to "o hundr$ lett]s p] day1 f p1 ask+ all mann] ( que/ions conc]n+ ! hat*+1 gr[+ & m>ket+ ( ducks1 9 detail1 !re 7 n h\rs en\gh 9 ! tw5ty-f\r to answ] !m4 ,?is book 0 publi%$ to s5d out ) our ma*9es to meet ^! qu]ies & give our patrons our me?od ( gr[+1 suppos+ x w\ld cov] all ! po9ts 9 duck-culture1 b x does n z yet answ] ! ends4 ,! que/ions /ill come 9 f> beyond our ability to answ]1 & z our f\r? edition is ab\t exhau/$1 we n[ publi% a fif?1 revis$1 enl>g$ & illu/rat$2 also add+ a ,"q ,bureau1 :i* w answ] _m ( ! que/ions :i* h rea*$ u dur+ ! pa/ few ye>s conc]n+ ! gr[+1 z well z ! diseases to :i* ! ,pek9 duck is subject4 ,?\gh we h be5 9 ?is bus9ess = ne>ly =ty ye>s1 & h be5 em95tly successful1 we d n claim to "k all ab\t x2 b by p]si/5t ef=t1 c>eful selection & bre$+1 h succe$$ 9 develop+ a mammo? /ra9 ( ,pek9 ducks1 :i*1 = symmetry1 precocity & fecundity 7exp]ts :o h visit$ our place f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry tell u71 /& unrivall$ on ?is cont95t4 ,_m ( our cu/om]s write u t _! birds av]age f #aej to #afe eggs p] season4 ,we w\ld say t !re is no dome/ic bird "u s p]fect control1 s free f diseases ( all k9ds1 or f insect p>asites z ! ,pek9 duck4 ,f ! "t ! little bird is hat*$ until x is full gr[n & ready to reproduce its own species1 x is "u ! p]fect control ( ! intellig5t op]ator1 :o c produce fea!rs1 fle% or bone at w1 & ev5 mature ! bird & compel x to lay at f\r-&-a-half mon?s old4 ,!re is no bird 9 exi/5ce t w respond to k9d treatm5t1 g5]\s c>e & fe$ z ! ,pek9 duck4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re is no bird m susceptible to improp] fe$ or neglect1 & a sad mortality is sure to foll[ among ! little ones1 :]e prop] food & sy/em are want+4 ,x may surprise "s "o to "k t ! pr$isposition to disease may exi/ 9 ! egg f :i* ! little bird is hat*$1 or ev5 9 ! condition ( ! p>5t bird :i* produces ! egg4 ,/rong physique 9 animal life1 z 9 man1 are l exotics1 requir+ ! mo/ assidu\s c>e & cultivation1 & are ! mo/ difficult to transmit4 ,defects1 l we$s1 seem indig5\s to ! soil & w reproduce ) un]r+ regul>ity1 & w (t5 crop out 9 all directions1 g5]ations aft] y ?9k y h wip$ x all out4 ,s x is "o ?+ to produce an egg f good1 /rong1 vigor\s /ock dur+ ! w9t] 9 inclem5t wea!r1 :5 all nature is aga9/ y1 & s poorly f]tiliz$ t if x hat*es at all1 w hat* a *ick s enfeebl$ 9 con/ruction t no am\nt ( pett+ or coax+ c induce x to live1 b q ano!r to produce an egg s highly vitaliz$1 t x w be sure to hat* a heal?y "y bird1 b\nd to live "u all circum/ances4 ,b ?is is n all ! dang]4 ,! op]ator1 ?\gh he may h good eggs1 may be neglectful or ignorant1 & ! heal? ( ! "y birds s]i\sly injur$ dur+ ! h\rs ( incubation2 or he may h a defective ma*9e :i* "u no condition c turn out heal?y birds4 ,) heal?y1 vigor\s p>5t /ock1 judici\s c>e & food1 !re is no reason :y good hat*es ( /rong1 heal?y "y birds may n be obta9$1 & ! same matur$ ) v little loss4 ,natural & ,artificial ,duck ,culture4 ,x is only )9 a few ye>s t ! public at l>ge h become awake to ! importance ( ! p\ltry int]e/s 9 ! c\ntry4 ,=m]ly x 0 suppos$ to be ( insignificant proportions comp>$ to ! beef & pork product4 ,b rec5t /ati/ics %[ t ! p\ltry int]e/s 9 magnitude n only exce$ ei!r ( ! above1 b are va/ly on ! increase ye> by ye>4 ,yet1 /range to say1 ! supply1 enorm\s z x is1 does n keep pace ) ! dem&4 ,z a natural consequ5ce1 we are oblig$ to import millions ( doz5s ( eggs f ,europe1 & c>loads ( p\ltry ( all descriptions f ,canada4 7,decemb] #ba1 #ahhh1 a tra9 ( tw5ty refrig]ator c>s load$ ) dress$ p\ltry1 aggregat+ #bjj tons1 arriv$ 9 ,bo/on f ,canada1--#ej1jjj wor? ( dress$ p\ltry at "o %ipm5t47 ,/ill ! dem& goes on4 ,our l>ge cities1 :i* =m ! pr9cipal m>ket = p\ltry & eggs1 are gr[+ l>g] e ye>4 ,! ri* m5 :o inhabit !m are gr[+ ri*] & m num]\s1 & are always ready to pay ! p\lt]] a good r\nd price = a fir/-class article4 ,good p\ltry has n only become an e day necessity to ! well-to-d classes1 b is a common article ( diet at lea/ six mon?s ( ! ye> on ! work+man's table4 ,x is ev]y:]e recogniz$ by physicians z ! be/ & mo/ palatable1 z well z ! mo/ :olesome & nutriti\s1 ( all our fle% diets4 ,duck ,culture an ,important ,indu/ry4 ,duck culture n[ assumes a mo/ important "p 9 ! p\ltry bus9ess1 & yet1 until )9 a few ye>s1 p did n suppose t ducks 7 fit to eat4 ,b n[ ! public appetite is fa/ becom+ educat$ to ! fact t a nice1 crispy1 roa/$ duckl+ ( t5 weeks old is n only a di% fit = an epicure1 b is f> ahead ( ei!r turkey1 *ick5 or goose4 ,z a natural consequ5ce1 ! dem& = good ducks is rapidly increas+4 ,"o ( ! pr9cipal p\ltry deal]s 9 ,bo/on assur$ me t 8 sales ( ducks _h ne>ly d\bl$ ea* season = ! pa/ five ye>s4 ,tw5ty ye>s ago1 :5 gr[+ less ?an #aejj ducks ye>ly1 ,i 0 oblig$ to visit ! city m>kets p]sonally & tease ! deal]s to pur*ase my birds 9 ord] to secure any?+ l satisfactory prices4 ,n[1 ) a ran* capacity ( ne>ly #bj1jjj ducks ye>ly1 ,i _c fill my ord]s4 ,pond or ,lake ,n ,necess>y4 ,! reason is v pla94 ,=m]ly p suppos$ t ducks c\ld n be successfully gr[n )\t access to ei!r pond1 /ream or coa/ l9e4 ,z a natural consequ5ce1 a l>ge %>e ( ! birds sold 9 ! m>kets 7 gr[n on or ne> ! coa/s1 f$ l>gely on fi%1 p>tially fatt5$1 & 7 any?+ b a tempt+ morsel4 ,= ye>s !re h be5 l>ge e/abli%m5ts on ! ,long ,isl& %ores devot$ to duck-culture4 ,l>ge se9es & nets 7 us$ regul>ly to secure ! fi% on :i* ! "y birds 7 f$ & fatt5$4 ,^! birds grew to a l>ge size & atta9$ a f9e plumage1 b1 z might be surmis$1 _! fle% 0 co>se & fi%y4 ,occasionally a p]son 0 f\nd :o reli%$ ^! birds1 b ! majority ( p pref]r$ to eat _! fi% & fle% sep>ately4 ,n[ ?is is all *ang$4 ,duck-culture ( today is q a diff]5t ?+ f ! days ( yore4 ,!n1 ! "y birds 7 confid$ to ! t5d] m]cies ( ! old h54 ,n[1 ! bus9ess is all done artificially4 ,! artificially-gr[n1 scrap-f$ duckl+ ( ! int]ior is a f> diff]5t bird f 8 fi%y-f$ bro!r ( ! coa/4 ,he has be5 educat$ to a complete indiff]5ce to wat] except to satisfy 8 ?ir/4 ,taught to take on fle% & fat in/ead ( fea!rs1 8 body is wid5$ out & r\nd$ (f1 &1 :5 prop]ly d5ud$ ( 8 fea!rs1 is a ?+ ( beauty4 ,ducks ,9 ,great ,dem& = ,food4 ,?is sudd5 popul>ity ( ! duck 9 our m>kets1 ! great dem& = !m on ! tables ( our epicures1 toge!r ) ! imm5se pr(its realiz$ f gr[+ !m1 has naturally creat$ q an int]e/ among p\ltry m52 s mu* s t ,i am con/antly flood$ ) lett]s fill$ ) inquiries z to :i* is ! be/ v>iety to raise1 :i* are ! be/ lay]s1 if !y c be hat*$ 9 incubators1 :at k9d ( build+s are necess>y1 ! am\nt ( pr(it realiz$1--9 %ort1 wi%+ me to give !m ! :ole ?+ 9 detail1 :i*1 7 "o will+1 x w\ld be completely out ( "o's p[] to d4 ,z !re seems to be no "w publi%$ 9 ! c\ntry to meet ?is case & answ] ^! qu]ies1 9 pure self-def5se1 & ?r\gh e>ne/ p]suasion ( _m fri5ds1 ,i %all1 to ! be/ ( my ability1 ?r\gh ?is little treatise1 endeavor to answ] !m1 toge!r ) _m o!r po9ts :i* w naturally sugge/ !mselves4 ,i %all conf9e myself almo/ entirely to an exposition ( ! artificial me?od1 giv+ my own exp]i5ce 9 ! bus9ess = ! la/ ?irty ye>s 9 detail4 ,9 do+ ?is1 ! mo/ approv$ build+s w be 7bo? = brood+ & bre$+7 describ$ 9 full1 toge!r ) cuts ( ! egg 9 diff]5t /ages ( incubation1 & ! liv+ & dead g]m comp>$1 & h[ to di/+ui% ea*1 pla9ly told4 ,j "h let me say t a great deal ( skepticism prevails among p 9 g5]al & f>m]s 9 p>ticul>4 ,!y d n believe 9 ! success ( artificial p\ltry gr[+1 or1 inde$1 ( gr[+ x 9 l>ge numb]s 9 any o!r way4 ,z a pro( ( _! ass]tions !y w tell y t m ?an ?ree-f\r?s ( ! p :o attempt ! bus9ess on a l>ge scale make a complete failure ( x4 ,& x is ! pla9 tru?4 ,!re are few communities 9 ?is c\ntry1 l>ge z x is1 b t1 at "s "t 9 ! pa/1 has _h a bogus incubator )9 its limits1 or a good "o t has be5 badly manag$4 ,! un=tunate exp]i5ce ( ^! m5 has spread = miles 9 all directions4 ,!re is b "o v]dict4 ,! man is nev] condemn$4 ,! sy/em is s d5\nc$ t a /rong prejudice exi/s aga9/ all incubators1 :i* x is difficult to combat4 ,e t[n1 too1 has _h its repres5tative p\ltry man :o has erect$ ext5sive build+'s ) a view to gr[+ p\ltry on a l>ge scale 9 ! natural way4 ,he1 too1 has met ) disa/]4 ,failure has att5d$ 8 ef=ts1 & ! community is /ill m embitt]$ aga9/ ! :ole ?+1 & ! emphatic ,x c't be done1 meets y on e side4 ,n[1 !re is a cause = all ?is4 ,:]e is x8 ,9 ! m54 ,!y d n comply ) ! conditions ( success1 & failure is ! result4 ,we w endeavor to give "s ( ! reasons :y3 ,ne>ly ?ree-f\r?s ( ^! p come f ! city4 ,n[1 city p h un=tunately imbib$ ! impression t ! necess>y am\nt ( bra9s & executive ability requir$ to successfully run a m]cantile1 manufactur+ or brok]'s bus9ess 9 ! city is l>gely 9 excess ( t requir$ to run a successful p\ltry or agricultural ran* 9 ! c\ntry4 ,rais+ ,p\ltry 9 ! ,c\ntry4 ,m5 :o h impov]i%$ !mselves by repeat$ failures 9 ! city come out to retrieve _! =tunes by rais+ p\ltry 9 ! c\ntry4 ,!y visit y\r place & see ?\s&s ( "y duckl+s ( all sizes & ages1 ea* "o vie+ ) ! o!r z to :i* w consume ! mo/ food4 ,!y are completely c>ri$ away ) ! sight4 ,!y "q y closely 9 reg>d to ! pr(it d]iv$ f ! bus9ess1 & !n op5ly av[ _! int5tion ( do+ ! same ?+ !mselves4 ,y advise beg9n+ small1 & meekly sugge/ ! possibility ( failure ?r\gh inexp]i5ce4 ,! incr$ul\s smile t plays ov] _! features in=ms y t advice is wa/$4 ,:y1 hav5't ,i read up all ! p\ltry j\rnals & got ! :ole ?+ d[n f9e8 ,o!rs1 /ill1 :o1 f close conf9em5t at s$5t>y "w 9 ! city1 are anxi\s to engage 9 a bus9ess :i* promises equally to re/ore _! heal? z well z to provide !m a livelihood4 ,^! invalids come out ) _! exhau/$ en]gies & dilapidat$ con/itutions to engage 9 a bus9ess :i*1 to insure success1 requires a m9ut5ess ( detail & int5sity ( application second to none4 ,!y are unequal to ! six or eight h\rs requir$ ( !m on a revolv+ /ool 9 ! c\nt+-room 9 ! city1 b are equal to ! f\rte5 & sixte5 h\rs indisp5sable to ! p\ltry bus9ess 9 ! c\ntry4 ,is x /range t a l>ge proportion ( ^! m5 fail8 ,o!rs1 /ill1 come to u wi%+ to engage 9 ! bus9ess1 at ! same "t c&idly ackn[l$g+ _! complete ignorance & inexp]i5ce4 ,!y frankly /ate _! circum/ances4 ,!y are poor1 ) families to support1 & are n afraid ( "w1 ?r[+ !mselves1 z x 71 ^u "o's m]cy4 ,!y seek a good1 heal?y & fairly pr(itable occupation 9 :i* !y c cultivate ! physique & morals ( _! *ildr5 away f ! temptations ( city life4 ,n[ y take k9dly to su* m52 readily =feit any advantages :i* may accrue to y\rself ?r\gh want ( c&or on y\r "p1 gauge _! calibre1 & to ! be/ ( y\r ability measure _! *ances ( success1 & give !m ! be/ advice y c1 :i* advice usually is to beg9 small1--say ) "o ma*9e1 build+s 9 proportion1 & increase _! plant z _! exp]i5ce & judgm5t dictates4 ,raise ,ducks & ,*icks4 ,b ! read] w say3 ,:at has all ?is to d ) duck-culture8 ,simply ?is3 ,x is to give ! w\ld-be p\ltry en?usia/ "s idea ( :at he has to cont5d ) be=e he beg9s4 ,to conv9ce him t ?is is no *ild's play--t ! c>e ( "y ducks & *icks means e>ly h\rs & late4 ,! close/ conf9em5t & application is requir$ = at lea/ six mon?s ( ! ye>1 & if he is at all afraid ( h>d "w or ( soil+ 8 f+]s1 he _h bett] /op :]e he is4 ,! !ory t ! p\ltry bus9ess furni%es a good occupation = little boys & girls1 sup]annuat$ old m5 & invalids1 has long s9ce explod$4 ,we advise p to secure a fair %>e ( heal? be=e !y beg9 & !n !y w be sure to keep x4 ,z an inducem5t to all1 ,i w\ld say t !re is no?+ 9 ! way ( f>m indu/ry or any o!r legitimate occupation :i* w at all comp>e ) ! pr(its obta9$ f p\ltry :5 artificially conduct$4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 a few notable exceptions 9 favor ( wat]$ railroad /ock1 bogus m9+ %>es1 pat5t m$ic9es1 & ! bus9ess done by our bank ca%i]s :5 gu>ante$ a safe transit ?r\gh to ,canada4 ,i w\ld advise all contemplat+ ! p\ltry bus9ess to comb9e ! gr[+ ( ducks & *icks toge!r1 = ! reason t m pr(it c be realiz$ f bo? ?an f ei!r alone1 because !y d n necess>ily int]f]e ) ea* o!r1 & ! same build+s & ma*9]y c be utiliz$ = bo?4 ,! brood+-h\se %\ld be fill$ ) *icks 9 ,novemb] & ,decemb]1 :i* !y w h outgr[n by ,febru>y1 :5 ! build+ w be requir$ = duckl+s4 ,! duckl+s1 /range to say1 ?\gh two mon?s y\ng]1 w be ready = m>ket z soon z ! *icks 7provid$ ! latt] are held = roa/]s1 z !y %\ld be7 & !y w bo? be 9 ! m>ket 9 "t to comm& ! highe/ prices4 ,?is is :at ! p\lt]] %\ld always cat] =1 & ma*9]y alone w enable him to d x4 ,he :o expects to incubate ) old h5s dur+ ! w9t] w surely get left4 ,b m ( ?is h]eaft]4 ,select ,a ,good ,site4 ,! fir/ ?+ = "o to d 7if he is n already locat$71 is to select a good site4 ,x %\ld h a gradual slope to ! ea/ or s\?1 en\gh = natural dra9age4 ,no matt] h[ poor ! l&1 x w be ri* en\gh be=e y\r f[ls get ?r\gh ) x4 ,i ne$ n say t 9 ^? regions :]e sn[ lies ^u ! gr\nd f\r or five mon?s ( ! ye>1 ! conditions are n z favorable = ! p\ltry gr[] z ne> ! coa/ l9e1 :]e sn[1 ?\gh a frequ5t visitor1 rema9s b a few weeks or days at a "t4 ,9 ! "o case x means close conf9em5t to ! f[ls a great "p ( ! w9t]1 ) want ( ex]cise & consequ5t want ( action 9 ! dige/ive organs4 ,! food is n assimilat$1 ! f[ls become debilitat$1 & ?\gh !y may give a fair %>e ( eggs1 ^! eggs c seldom be dep5d$ ^u to hat*4 ,x is true1 ! active p\lt]] may ov]come ?is 9 a measure by cle>+ away ! sn[ = t5 or fifte5 feet 9 front ( 8 build+s aft] ea* /orm1 & by a free use ( b>n *aff & *opp$ /raw induce 8 f[ls to g out on sunny days1 b all ?is increases 8 "w & makes ! conditions aga9/ him4 ,i simply m5tion ^! facts1 assum+ t :]e a man has 8 *oice ( locations1 ^! h9ts may h _! prop] weight 9 ! matt]4 ,advantages ) ,ducks4 ,! same rule holds good 9 a measure ) bre$+ ducks1 ?\gh n 9 s great a degree4 ,= in/ance1 y\r h5 :5 closely conf9$ seems to lose h] ambition1 & sp5ds a l>ge "p ( h] "t on ! p]*es1 app>5tly indiff]5t to all sublun>y ?+s4 ,n s y\r duck4 ,%e is 9 con/ant motion1 no matt] h[ small h] qu>t]s4 ,no m$itation = h]4 ,inde$1 ! days seem too %ort = h] to ex]cise 91 & s %e keeps x up ?r\gh a great "p ( ! night4 ,h] greate/ ambition seems to be to di/ribute ! few qu>ts ( wat] y h giv5 h] = dr9k1 ev5ly all ov] ! p5 y h j cov]$ ) dry1 f9ely-*opp$ /raw1 & make x z sloppy z possible1 & x is a/oni%+ 9 h[ %ort a space ( "t %e w succe$ 9 do+ x4 ,aga91 sn[ & ice are ! av]sion ( ! h54 ,%e _c be induc$ to /ep 9 ei!r except "u pressure ( circum/ances4 ,n s y\r duck4 ,%e likes no?+ bett] ?an to be out 9 a sn[ bank dur+ a ?aw1 & if %e c only "w x up into ! color & consi/5cy ( mud x suits h] exactly4 ,%e does n m9d ! cold if %e c only keep h] feet w>m4 ,%e is clo!d ) an imp5etrable coat ( fea!rs & an equally ?ick coat ( d[n4 ,%e does n take k9dly to conf9em5t 9 a build+ & w utt] h] con/ant prote/1 & l ! av]age s*ool boy ( t5 pref]s to suff] f ! cold outside to be+ com=table 94 ,!re=e1 ! ma9 po9t 9 bre$+ e>ly ducks & erect+ build+s = ! same1 next to supply+ !m ) ! "r k9d ( food1 is to keep _! feet w>m4 ,cold feet affect ! w9t] lay+ ( ! duck ! same z a froz5 comb affects ! h54 ,x /ops ! egg production at once4 ,locate ,ne> a ,railroad4 ,y\r plant %\ld be locat$ on a l9e ( railroad1 9 direct communication ) "o or m ( our great city m>kets1 & n too f> f ! /ation1 z y w necess>ily be 9 frequ5t & close communication ) t4 ,arrange ! ,build+s4 to secure good room 9 front1 also good dra9age1 & especially ) a view to r$uc+ ! labor to a m9imum1 bo? inside & out4 ,always rememb] t ! labor is ! mo/ exp5sive "p ( ! p\ltry bus9ess4 ,n[ is ! "t = =e?\ght & caution--save all ! /eps1 all ! "w y c4 ,y w nev] suff] f want ( ex]cise1 if y\r f[ls d4 ,i nev] knew a case ( g\t 9 a man 9 ! p\ltry bus9ess 9 my life4 ,x is well1 also1 :5 arrang+ a p\ltry plant1 to make provision = future cont+5cies1 s t %\ld "o 9 ! c\rse ( "t & exp]i5ce wi% to increase 8 plant & ! size ( 8 build+s longitud9ally he w h pl5ty ( room to d x1 by simply mov+ ! end ( 8 build+ out z f> z he wi%es & fill+ 9 betwe54 ,i h be5 oblig$ to d ?is sev]al times 9 ! c\rse ( my exp]i5ce1 & h ! pa/ ,fall built a d\ble brood+ h\se #bej feet long by #af feet wide4 ,"o important po9t 9 erect+ p\ltry build+s is ! difficulty 9 build+ !m1 ,w>m1 ,*eap1 & ,rat-pro(4 ,=m]ly ,i built /one f\ndations on :i* 7 plac$ ! build+s1 cem5t+ ! /one "w to ! sill c>efully inside & out4 ,?is prov$ 9 ! end n only an exp5sive b a v unsatisfactory arrangem5t1 = cem5t x z "o w\ld ! action ( ! fro/ w\ld always "p ! sill f ! f\ndation & admit ! cold air f all ar\nd j :]e x %\ld be kept w>m4 ,i h s9ce hit ^u a plan :i* has n only met ! case b is comp>atively inexp5sive4 ,place po/s1 ) "o squ>e side to !m1 ab\t f\r feet ap>t1 on :i* place ! #bx#d in* sill4 ,set ^! po/s 9 ! gr\nd s t ! tops rise b "o in* above ! surface1 ) ! flat side exactly horizontal & p]p5dicul> to ! inside ( ! sill4 ,!n s9k a hemlock bo>d twelve or f\rte5 in*es wide into ! gr\nd inside ( ! build+1 & imm$iately 9 front ( ! two-in* sill1 until ! upp] edge is flu% ) ! upp] side ( ! sill1 nail+ x firmly !reto1 fill+ up inside ne>ly to a level ( ! top ( ! sill4 ,?is gives a w>m1 *eap f\ndation on :i* ! fro/ does n act4 ,hemlock1 too1 seems to h an aff9ity = moi/ure & w la/ 9 t condition f eight to t5 ye>s1 :5 x c be easily r5ew$4 ,?is arrangem5t is also comp>atively rat-pro(1 z a hemlock bo>d is a rat's av]sion4 ,x does n agree ) _! tee?4 ,!y _c possibly dig "u dur+ ! froz5 mon?s ( ! ye>1 & z x af=ds !m no concealm5t !y d n c>e to1 dur+ ! w>m season4 ,! ,outside ,plan ( a ,bre$+ & ,brood+ ,h\se ) ! exception ( a little m glass 9 ! latt]1 %\ld be precisely ! same bo? = ducks & duckl+s4 ,! int]nal arrangem5ts c be made to suit4 ,z ,i %all give a full description ) cuts ( ?is build+ lat]1 ,i w n[ m]ely give ! mann] 9 :i* x %\ld be arrang$ z a good bre$+-h\se = ducks4 ,?is build+ %\ld be fifte5 feet wide & any l5g? requir$4 ,x %\ld h an unev5 d\ble ro(1 five-foot po/s 9 ! re> & f\r foot 9 front4 ,ab\t "o-qu>t] ( ?is front %\ld be glass4 ,!re %\ld be a walk ! entire l5g? ( ! build+ ?ree & "o-half feet wide4 ,! ma9 body ( ! build+ %\ld be divid$ into p5s tw5ty feet long1 by ei!r la? or wire two feet high4 ,! walk %\ld be sep>at$ f ! p5s by la?s ?ree in*es ap>t1 to all[ ! birds to fe$ & wat] f ! walk4 ,?is me?od simplifies ! labor v mu*1 z x enables ! op]ator to load 8 b>r[1 travel ! :ole l5g? ( a #bjj-;foot build+ & fe$ & wat] #ejj ducks 9 a few m9utes4 ,?is arrangem5t has _m o!r advantages besides1 z x p]mits ! birds to fe$ & wat] readily f ! walk )\t be+ able to wa/e ei!r1 or mix ! cont5ts ( food & wat]-di%es ) fil?4 ,x also prev5ts ! birds f sopp+ ! /raw 9 ! bottom ( _! p5s1 or ( soil+ _! :ite plumage1 bo? ( :i* !y are b\nd to d if possible1 & z ! duck1 especially ! ,pek91 is a v timid bird1 ?is plan famili>izes h] ) ! appe>ance ( ! att5dant )\t br++ h] into actual contact ) him4 ,use ,half ! ,p5s = ,fe$+ ,purposes4 ,"o-half or t5 feet ( ! tw5ty-foot p5s %\ld be utiliz$ = fe$+ purposes4 ,! l[] bo>d ( ?is slat p>tition %\ld n be m ?an ?ree in*es wide & %\ld re/ ^u ! gr\nd s ! birds c readily fe$ ov] x4 ,z ?is t5-foot p>tition is b two feet high1 ! att5dant c readily /ep ov] x to pick up a /ray egg occasionally4 ,six feet ( ?is p>tition %\ld be portable & secur$ ) a groove or button s x c be easily remov$ to all[ ! entrance ( a b>r[ 9 clean+ out ! p5s2 ?is %\ld be done :5 ! birds are out1 nev] :5 !y are 94 ,! rema9+ t5 feet ( ! p5 %\ld be us$ = ne/ boxes1 :i* c be fifte5 in*es squ>e & "o foot high4 ,a bo>d f\r in*es wide may be fa/5$ 9 front to prev5t ! ne/ mat]ial f be+ drawn out4 ,?is latt] may be compos$ ( f9ely cut hay or *aff4 ,?is mu/ be p]fectly dry1 z ! duck :ile lay+ w "w x all ov] & cov] h] eggs c>efully1 :i* z !y are pure :ite1 become easily soil$ & /a9$2 ?is w necessitate wa%+ unless ?+s are kept dry & clean4 ,?is is a vital po9t ) u1 z x nev] did seem z if a fil?y egg w\ld hat* z well z a clean "o4 ,i abom9ate a ma*9e fill$ ) fil?y eggs2 x actually hurts my feel+s to h&le !m4 ,^! ne/s %\ld be cov]$ closely & ! p>tition above !m be correspond+ly high1 z ! birds w (t5 m\nt ^u ! boxes4 ,! back ( ! ne/ boxes next ! walk %\ld be clos$ ) a bo>d h+$ bel[ s t ! att5dant c let x d[n readily & secure ! eggs f ! walk4 ,! ,room = ,mix+ ,fe$4 ,"s twelve feet ( ?is bre$+-h\se may be utiliz$ z a cook & mix+ room1 & mu/ necess>ily be a little high] po/$ ?an ! re/ ( ! build+1--say1 two feet high]4 ,?is cookroom1 ) boil]1 is an ess5tial ?+ 9 a duck-h\se4 ,unlike h5s1 !y d n take k9dly to h>d food & :ole gra94 ,_! dige/ive organs1 9 _m po9ts1 are diff]5t f ! h5s1 & !y d n assimilate h>d food readily4 ,!y require m vegetable food1 & ^? vegetables mu/ be cook$1--b m ab\t ?is h]eaft]4 ,( c\rse1 ?is build+ %\ld be sweet & clean1 & mu/ be well deodoriz$2 =1 ?\gh ducks d n g5]ate v]m9 l o!r f[l1 & are n subject to z _m diseases1 or z readily affect$ by !rmal *anges1--9 fact1 a good driv+ ra9/orm is _! delight1--yet !y w n ?rive :5 conf9$ 9 fil?y qu>t]s4 ,x eng5d]s a morbid appetite1 impairs dige/ion1 & y\r bird is poor be=e y "k x4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 arre/s ! egg production at once4 ,i wi% "h to impress ^u ! bre$] ! absolute necessity ( ! c>eful h&l+ & fe$+ ( 8 birds2 &1 :5 necess>y1 h&le v g5tly1 always tak+ ! bird by ! neck4 ,?is is v ess5tial1 because ! bones ( a well-br$1 well-fatt$ duck seem :olly disproportion$ to ! size & weight ( 8 body1 & we h (t5 se5 a w+ brok5 or a leg disjo9t$ by ! convulsive ef=ts ( ! bird to escape :5 caught by ^? memb]s ?r\gh ! c>elessness ( ! att5dant4 ,! timidity ( ! ,pek9 is prov]bial4 ,y %\ld move quietly among y\r lay]s if y w\ld h !m ?rive1 z con/ant agitation & disquietude w surely debilitate !m & r$uce _! fle%4 ,i h kn[n a pair ( heavy exhibition birds to lose a p\nd p] day dur+ _! conf9em5t ! fir/ f\r days ( exhibition1 & to be eight p\nds light] ?an !y 7 t5 days be=e :5 />t$ = ! %[4 ,_! recup]ative p[]s are equally wond]ful4 ,i h (t5 se5 ,pek9 ducks1 aft] hav+ produc$ "o hundr$ eggs 9 ne>ly z _m days1 on ev9c+ a desire to sit1 & be+ some:at r$uc$ 9 fle%1 :5 %ut up 9 a y>d ) drakes & well f$1 9 less ?an a week comm5ce h] regul> contribution ( an egg p] day4 ,wat] ,n ,ne$$4 ,! majority ( p h ! impression t wat] to ba! 9 is ess5tial to secure f]tility 9 duck eggs1 b x is a great mi/ake4 ,my ducks nev] see wat]1 ! ye> r\nd1 except to dr9k4 ,!y are conf9$ 9 y>ds #bdx#ajj feet1 "s =ty 9 ea* y>d1 tw5ty-f\r feet be+ ! size ( ! p5s inside ( ! bre$+ h\se4 ,!y are conf9$ 9 ^! y>ds = n9e mon?s1 or till ,augu/ #a1 :5 !y are remov$ 9 ord] t ! l& may be dis9fect$4 ,?is is done by pl[+ & gr[+ a crop ( b>ley or rye1 :5 ! l& is ready = ! ducks aga94 ,free ,range ,unnecess>y4 ,i am con/antly exp]im5t+ to see if !re are defects 9 my sy/em4 ,a few ye>s ago ,i _h ?irty bre$+-y>ds devot$ to ducks4 ,i wi%$ to asc]ta9 ! diff]5ce 9 egg production & p]c5tage ( f]tility betwe5 ducks y>d$ close & ^? ) free range1 ! fe$ & o!r conditions be+ ! same4 ,"o lot ( fifty ducks 7 all[$ ! range ( a five-acre lot1 9 addition to _! own y>d4 ,!y rang$ 9 common ) our c[s1 !re be+ pl5ty ( grass4 ,ano!r lot ( sev5ty-five 7 all[$ ! range ( ! :ole premises1 ) ! same fe$ & c>e z ! eight y>ds conf9$4 ,! latt] 7 lib]ally suppli$ ) all ! gre5 & vegetable food ne$$4 ,! egg production & ! f]tility ( ea* 7 c>efully not$4 ,i 0 mu* surpris$ to f9d t ! diff]5ce 0 v little1 & t 9 favor ( ! birds conf9$4 ,! ,mode ( ,fe$+4 diff]s ) ! season ( ! ye>4 ,dur+ ! autumn & e>ly w9t] mon?s fe$ twice ea* day ab\t equal quantities ( corn-meal1 :eat-bran1 & boil$ turnips & potatoes1 ) ab\t t5 p] c5t4 ( gr\nd beef scrap ?r[n 94 ,at noon1 give a small am\nt ( dry food1 compos$ ( equal quantities ( crack$ corn1 oats1 & :eat4 ,:5 ! birds comm5ce lay+1 z !y w ab\t ,janu>y #a/1 gradually increase ! quantity ( meal & animal food1 proportionally decreas+ ! am\nt ( bran4 ,! ,pek9 ,duck4 is my favorite4 ,i h exp]im5t$ c>efully dur+ ! la/ ?irty ye>s ) all ! l>g] bre$s1 cross+ !m 9 e conceivable way to obta9 ! be/ results1 & am p]fectly satisfi$ ) ! ,pek9s4 ,i am n[ ?r\gh exp]im5t+1 & z ,i gr[ ne>ly #bj1jjj duckl+s ye>ly1 c h>dly af=d to guess at x1 z "o c5t p] bird makes a diff]5ce ( ov] #bjj4 9 my receipts1--"o c5t p] p\nd1 a diff]5ce ( ov] #abjj4 ,x is readily se5 t ,i c only af=d to use ! bird t w gr[ ! greate/ numb] ( p\nds ( fle% 9 ! %orte/ space ( "t4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,x mu/ be ! bird t w give y ! fir/ eggs ( ! season1 z ?is w enable y to get y\r birds on ! m>ket :5 !y w comm& ! highe/ price1 z !re is m cle> pr(it f "o e>ly bird ?an f ?ree lat] ones4 ,?is w be ! m readily und]/ood :5 x is kn[n t ! maximum price paid = e>ly birds is ?irty c5ts p] p\nd 9 ,bo/on & ,new ,york1 ! m9imum price = late ones eighte5 c5ts1 ! co/ ( production be+ ! same = bo?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pek9 ,,ducks4 ,! ,pek9 ,comb9es ! ,be/ ,po9ts4 ,! ,pek9 is ! only bird t w cov] all ^! po9ts4 ,x has two slight defects1--its extreme timidity & its heavy1 co>se voice1 :i* x does n scruple to use :5 congregat$ 9 l>ge numb]s4 ,! =m] c be easily ov]come by c>eful h&l+4 ,b to (f-set ^! defects ! ,pek9 w n only produce ! fir/ eggs ( ! season1 b by f> ! greate/ numb] ( any ( ! bre$s1 ) "o exception1 ! ,indian ,runn]4 ,!y mature e>li]1 are m h>dy & dome/ic 9 _! habits1 nev] w&]+ f>1 & always return+ to ! coops at night4 ,!y are n mis*iev\s1 & require less wat] ?an ei!r ( ! o!r bre$s4 ,my birds h = g5]ations be5 br$ 9 dry y>ds1 ) simply wat] to dr9k1 & all desire = x = o!r purposes seems to h be5 br$ out ( !m4 ,:5 all[$ _! fre$om 9 ! fall1 ! flocks nev] visit ! brook1 fifte5 or tw5ty rods di/ant1 & :5 driv5 !re occasionally = ! purpose ( purify+ _! fea!rs1 get out aga9 j z soon z possible4 ,inde$1 aft] a wat] ba? _! fea!rs cl+ to _! bodies1 & !y pres5t ! same b$raggl$ appe>ance t ! old h5 did _m ye>s ago aft] "o _h imm]s$ h] 9 a wat]-b>rel to cure h] prop5sity = sitt+4 ,a weal?y ,new ,york] ord]$ a doz5 ( my be/ ducks1 a ye> or two ago4 ,9 a few weeks he wrote t he wi%$ to return !m1 z !y did n answ] 8 purpose2 =1 said he1 ,i h an artificial lake on my lawn1 ne> my piazza1 & ,i want$ ^! ducks to disport 9 ! wat] = ! pleasure ( my wife & *ildr51 & !y w n g 9 ! wat] at all unless ,i drive !m 9 ) a :ip1 & ,i h to /& gu>d ov] !m all ! "t1 z !y get out ! mom5t my back is turn$4 ,i wrote him 9 return t _h ,i kn[n he want$ ! ducks = _! aquatic p]=mances1 ,i %\ld h recomm5d$ ! common puddle duck1 :5 he w\ld h _h z mu* tr\ble to get !m out ( ! wat] z he _h to get ! ,pek9s 94 ,fea!rs are ,pure ,:ite4 ,ano!r advantage ( ! ,pek9 ov] ! o!r bre$s is _! pure :ite1 ela/ic fea!rs :i* are l>gely mix$ ) d[n4 ,^! fea!rs readily comm& f =ty to fifty c5ts p] p\nd1 & z ! read] c see1 are no mean s\rce ( income1 especially :5 ! birds are gr[n 9 l>ge numb]s4 ,^! birds1 z _! "n indicates1 orig9at$ 9 ,*9a4 ,!y are l>ge1 beautiful birds1 ( a pr\d1 erect c>riage1 ) pure :ite plumage outside4 ,! inside fea!rs are slightly cream color$4 ,! neck is long & gracefully curv$2 ! head long & f9ely %ap$1 ) a full bright eye4 ,! legs & beak are ( a v d>k orange1 & =m a f9e contra/ to ! pure :ite fea!rs4 ,! m9imum weight ( our birds :5 matur$ is ab\t f\rte5 p\nds p] pair1 :ile ! v heavie/ w tip ! scales at tw5ty-two p\nds4 ,my fir/ exp]i5ce ) ducks comm5c$ m ?an =ty ye>s ago4 ,we us$ ! common puddle ducks & grew !m = ! city m>ket4 ,! ducks 7 v small & s 7 ! pr(its4 ,!y 7 f$ b little & all[$ full range1 consequ5tly ! home ties 7 n /rong4 ,^? ducks foll[$ ! little brook 9 ! pa/ure ?r\gh swamps & m>%es = half a mile 9 ei!r direction1 :olly reg>dless ( f>m limits4 ,if we expect$ any eggs f ^? ducks !y %\ld h be5 safely h\s$ at night4 ,?is task devolv$ ^u ! boys4 ,n[ our pat]nal head1 ?\gh a k9d & indulg5t p>5t 7un=tunately = u71 _h ! impression t boys 7 made to "w1 & "w we did4 ,n[1 :at boy ( t5 or twelve ye>s _h n r *ase ducks ?r\gh ! mud 9 ! swamp ?an to wield ! hoe among ! we$s 9 ! corn field8 ,x 0 our recreation1 our *ief solace & delight ?r\gh ^? long1 hot summ] days--! anticipation ( t duck hunt 9 ! ev5+4 ,i ?9k our extraord9>y love = ! duck hail$ f ?is date4 ,lat] on we us$ a cross betwe5 a ,r\5 & ,cayuga4 ,?is cross made a mu* l>g] & bett] m>ket bird4 ,! fle% 0 bett] flavor$4 ,!y produc$ m eggs & began e>li] 9 ! spr+1 consequ5tly prices & pr(its slightly improv$4 ,^! birds did n /ray z f>1 b 7 z fond ( mud & wat] z _! little pr$ecessors4 ,x 0 a pleas+ & comical sight to see ?ree or f\r hundr$ ( ^! duckl+s ( all ages1 :5 fir/ let out 9 ! morn+1 run d[n ! hill 9 _! eag] ha/e to rea* ! swamp1 a "p ( !m "r side up1 !n roll+ ov] & ov] on _! broadsides2 o!rs /ill rev]s+ !mselves end = end d[n ! /eep incl9e1 app>5tly a matt] ( supreme indiff]5ce h[1 s long z !y rea*$ ! mud fir/4 ,^! duckl+s always return$ at night ) _! numb]s m or less deplet$1 z !y 7 ! legitimate prey ( skunks1 m9ks1 weasels & mud turtles2 & if we rea*$ ! summ]'s end ) sixty p] c5t4 ( ! orig9al numb] we 7 well satisfi$4 ,all ?is has be5 *ang$4 ,we h le>n$ a numb] ( po9ts on duck culture s9ce !n4 ,fir/1 t all losses by v]m9 c be easily avoid$ by y>d+ y\r little birds at home & keep+ !m "u y\r own eye4 ,second1 t mud & wat] ext]nally appli$ are n ess5tial to _! gr[? & well-be+1 & t 9 fact !y w ?rive bett] )\t4 ,ready = ,m>ket #c ,mon?s ,e>li]4 ,?ird1 t x is n necess>y to keep y\r birds till !y are six mon?s old 9 ! fall & !n put !m on ! m>ket :5 x is sure to be glutt$1 b mu* bett] to m>ket !m at t5 weeks1 :5 !y are ne>ly z heavy1 & y are sure to get m ?an d\ble ! price1 z well z save ?ree or f\r mon?s extra fe$4 ,!re are _m o!r po9ts connect$ ) ?is ?+ :i* ! novice mu/ pond] c>efully be=e he beg9s1 z a slight mi/ake 9 ! beg9n+ (t5 means a great loss 9 ! end4 ,z pione]s 9 ! bus9ess we h = _m ye>s be5 c>efully exp]im5t+ ) ! diff]5t bre$s1 diff]5t treatm5t & v>iety ( food4 ,we h met ) _m failures1 suff]$ "s loss1 b ) a gradual improvem5t ?r\gh x all1 :i* has be5 v enc\rag+ to u1 & ?\gh we d n claim p]fection1 yet we are n[ reap+ a ri* h>ve/ comp>$ to :i* our =m] losses are simply insignificant4 ,x is a s\rce ( gratification to "k t success has at la/ cr[n$ our ef=ts4 ,:5 we look back =ty ye>s--:5 ye> aft] ye> *ronicl$ failure & our be/ ef=ts met ) loss--:5 we 7 ! butt1 ridicule1 & laugh+ /ock ( ! :ole community2 :5 we 7 assur$ aga9 & aga9 t we 7 fight+ aga9/ nature & nev] c\ld succe$1 & repeat$ failures only seem$ to confirm t ass]tion1--& comp>e x ) ! pres5t1 :5 we c gr[ our birds by ! ?\s&s1 regulate ! gr[?1 control ! mortality1 & gr[ fle% or fea!rs at w2 h %ort5$ ! precocity1 increas$ fecundity1 & ev5 educat$ ! birds to an av]sion = wat]1 :i* 0 =m]ly _! home2 we h completely rev]s$ ! ord] ( ?+s & taught our birds to reproduce at a season ( ! ye> :5 all nature is aga9/ !m1 we c safely feel ! victory is won4 ,we hope t our read]s w n only b5efit by ! exp]i5ce we %all pres5t1 b t _m ( !m w be able to take ?is & c>ry x on :]e1 accord+ to ! natural c\rse ( ?+s1 we %all be oblig$ to leave x4 ,we are no long] "y1 ! infirmities & decrepitude ( age are sl[ly creep+ ^u u & admoni% u t our days ( rese>* are ne>ly ov]1 & we f9d t our life is all too %ort4 ,b !re is a satisfaction 9 kn[+ t o!rs w take ?is ?+ up :]e we leave (f & c>ry x on to ! end4 ,! ,sup]iority ( ,artificial ,p\ltry ,gr[+4 ,we pr$ict a great future = artificial p\ltry gr[+4 ,x is yet 9 its infancy4 ,! "t w come :5 x w gradually sup]s$e _m ( ! regul> f>m crops on ! /]ile soil ( ,new ,engl&1 :5 e f>m] w h 8 prop] complem5t ( p\ltry appliances1 & :5 y c prove to ! av]age f>m] t ! capital necess>y to run a p\ltry plant 7:i* w ) less labor ensure him a great] income ?an t f 8 :ole f>m7 is less ?an "o-f\r? ( t requir$ = any o!r f>m inve/m5t4 ,y w beg9 to see him scrat* 8 head to evolve ideas4 ,! beg9n] 9 />t+1 %\ld recollect t ?is is a bus9ess ( detail & t small ?+s mu/ be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,x is n only a v ess5tial ?+ to *oose ! be/ bre$+ /ock t c be _h1 b1 all o!r conditions be+ ! same1 to select ! color ( _! fea!rs4 ,we h always _h a pr$ilection 9 favor ( :ite birds1 = ! fea!rs 7:i* are no small item 9 ducks7 comm& ne>ly d\ble ! price ( color$ ones1 & are always m saleable4 ,aga91 we mu/ cat] = ! m>ket ) "y birds1 & e "o kn[s t "y birds are m or less addict$ to p9fea!rs1 _m ( :i* x is v difficult to remove1 z !y h secur$ a lodgm5t j "u ! sk91 b h n f\nd _! way ?r\gh4 ,n[ a d>k p9fea!r is a blot ^u ! fair surface ( a f9e *ick5 or duck1 & ! ?rifty h\sewife 9 select+ h] d9n] w always leave ! p9s beh9d4 ,%e does n l a v>iety ( colors 9 h] duckl+1 if %e does 9 h] dress4 ,! deal]1 aw>e ( ?is peculi>ity ( ! ladies 7:o1 by ! way1 =m a l>ge %>e ( 8 cu/om]s7 w1 if he buys at all1 cut y on ! price4 ,un=tunately we />t$ 9 ) d>k birds1 b x did n matt] at t "t1 z ! ,pek9 _h n be5 import$1 & !re 7 v few ,aylesburys 9 ! c\ntry4 ,we 7 surr\nd$ by v]m9 ( all k9ds4 ,our "y birds disappe>$ my/]i\sly1 & 9 su* l>ge numb]s t we 7 ne>ly disc\rag$4 ,hawks d n tr\ble ducks1 b rats1 weasels & m9ks develop$ su* a fondness = !m z to completely atone = any neglect on _! "p4 ,we made a free use ( /eel traps1 guns1 & phosphoretic poison4 ,! battle rag$ = two ye>s2 at ! end ( t "t ,i ?9k x w\ld be difficult to f9d "o ( ! above-m5tion$ v]m9 "o-f\r? ( a mile f ! place4 ,x 0 a great relief2 our duckl+s c\ld range at w1 ev5 be left out dur+ ! night1 & /ill ! full complem5t appe> at ! d\gh-tr\ghs 9 ! morn+4 ,d ,n ,h ,neighbors ,too ,ne>4 ,ano!r s\rce ( discom=t 0 our neighbors' cats4 ,n[1 we are em95tly social 9 our disposition1 & enjoy our neighbors' company v mu*4 ,we l to sp5d a social ev5+ ) !m & h !m d ! same by u4 ,b n s _! cats4 ,we nev] int]*ang$ civilities ) !m1 _! visits 7 too ill tim$ & frequ5t4 ,our duckl+s 7 c>ri$ (f 9 l>ge numb]s1 & 9 pure self-def5se we %ot ! cats4 ,( c\rse1 ?is made tr\ble 9 our neighbors' families1 especially ! female portion1 by :om x 0 promptly res5t$4 ,! pr9ciple ( t\* my dog1 t\* me1 0 illu/rat$ "h 9 all its =ce4 ,no am\nt ( provocation ev] ju/ifi$ u 9 _! eyes 9 kill+ _! cats4 ,) pat] familias x 0 diff]5t4 ,8 affections 7 n engag$4 ,he recogniz$ ! necessity ( ! ?+1 laugh$ x (f1 & said x 0 all "r4 ,n[1 cats bre$ fa/ & are v prolific1 & our neighbors 7 pl5ty1 & we are unwill+ to /ate ! am\nt ( our losses f ^? s\rces1 = fe> our v]acity w\ld be d\bt$4 ,we endur$ ?is sort ( annoyance = "s twelve ye>s1 b made up our m9ds t if we ev] select$ ano!r p\ltry ran* we w\ld locate our neighbors at a di/ance4 ,we h done s1 & n[ h no tr\ble f ?is s\rce4 ,we f\nd t ! ,cayuga duck 0 a m precoci\s bird ?an ! ,r\51 & 7 bett] lay]s4 ,! eggs 7 m f]tile4 ,!y 7 also mu* h>di]1 &1 z a consequ5ce1 !re 0 less mortality among ! "y4 ,b !y 7 r small 9 size1 dress+ only sev5 to n9e p\nds p] pair4 ,! ,r\5s 7 ne>ly f\r p\nds heavi]1 b _h _! disadvantages4 ,!y 7 n s productive 9 eggs1 & ^? did n give u ! same p]c5tage ( hat*1 :ile ! mortality among ! little ones 0 mu* great]4 ,we d n l to condemn any v>iety ( birds on "o trial1 z we may be un=tunate 9 our selection ( a /ra91 b our subsequ5t exp]i5ce ) ^! birds fully confirms ! above2 & ?\gh !y are a l>ge1 attractive bird1 we d n consid] !m z h>dy z ei!r ,pek91 ,aylesbury or ,cayuga4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cayuga ,,ducks4 ,we conceiv$ ! plan ( cross+ ?is bird ) ! ,cayuga1 ) a view ( increas+ ! size1 n kn[+ :e!r ! good or ! negative qualities ( ! two birds w\ld prevail4 ,we 7 v mu* pleas$ ) ! results ( ?is cross1 z x gave u all ! good qualities ( ! ,cayuga ) ! l>gely increas$ size ( ! ,r\54 ,x gave u also a good table bird1 ! fle% ( :i* 0 f> bett] flavor$ ?an t ( ! puddle duck4 ,we made ! duck bus9ess !n supplem5t>y to t ( gr[+ *ick5s4 ,our *icks 7 hat*$ out e>ly 9 ! w9t] 9 ord] to secure ! high prices4 ,our ducks dur+ ! spr+ & summ] 7 n m>ket$ until fall4 ,we did n expect ^? ducks to lay till ! fir/ ( ,april1 & !y did n disappo9t u4 ,if anyone _h told u t "y ducks c\ld be made to lay at f\r or five mon?s old1 & t we c\ld h our "y broods out by ! ?\s&s at t "t1 we %\ld h call$ him insane4 ,we !n gave our duckl+s free range1 &1 z a consequ5ce1 lo/ l>ge numb]s ( !m f eat+ injuri\s insects1 :i*1 9 _! ha/e1 !y did n /op to kill1 & paid ! p5alty ) _! lives4 ,illu/ration3 ,,r\5 ,,ducks4 ,n[1 ! g5u9e duckl+ is prov]bially /upid4 ,he has an imm5se faculty = gett+ himself into tr\ble1 )\t ! fir/ idea z to h[ he %all get out4 ,z1 = in/ance1 we _h tak5 up "s old f5ce-po/s "o day1 & c>elessly left ! holes 7"s two feet deep7 unfill$4 ,:5 fe$+ "t came at night we miss$ _m ( our little duckl+s1 &1 at ! same "t1 he>d a great squeak+1 :i* we c\ld n locate4 ,we f9ally trac$ x to ! po/-holes1 :i* we f\nd ne>ly full ( "y duckl+s1 n mu* ! worse = ! adv5ture4 ,:5 we look back at ! difficulties ) :i* we _h to cont5d1 & ! losses we su/a9$ 9 consequ5ce1 ,i (t5 wond] t we 7 n disc\rag$4 ,x 0 blund] aft] blund]1 repeat$ always ) ! same results4 ,we _h v little idea ( ! sy/ematic c>e & regul> food requir$ to ensure aga9/ loss & enable ! "y birds to atta9 a weight 9 a few weeks :i* we suppos$ requir$ almo/ z _m mon?s4 ,we /ill _h ! impression t wat] 0 ess5tial to ! welf>e ( ! birds1 bo? old & "y1 & t eggs w\ld n be f]tile unless copulation took place 9 ! wat]4 ,s we built a tank = use dur+ ! dry season ( ! ye> 7:i* held ab\t a hog%ead71 & cem5t$ x ?or\ghly4 ,?is tank we labori\sly fill$ ) wat] = ! birds to sport 91 b x did n "w1 z x soon became s (f5sive t we 7 oblig$ to r5ew x at lea/ e ?ree days1 s t we soon became tir$ ( x1 & once m all[$ ! ducks ! lib]ty ( ! swamp4 ,we nev] obta9$ m ?an half ( ! numb] ( eggs t we n[ get f our ,pek9s4 ,ab\t ?is "t ! ,aylesbury duck came "u our notice1 & we procur$ a numb] ( !m at once1 z !y came highly recomm5d$1 b !y did n meet our expectations4 ,!y 7 a v pretty bird to look at1 & _! fea!rs 7 m valuable1 b !re ! advantage end$1 = ! /ra9 we obta9$ 0 a trifle small] ?an ! mongrels we _h be5 bre$+1--r m delicate to re>1 &1 worse ?an all1 we f\nd x almo/ impossible to pick !m4 ,9 all our exp]i5ce be=e or s9ce we h nev] se5 any?+ to equal ^? birds4 ,! t5acity ( ^? fea!rs 0 exasp]at+4 ,e "o 0 b\nd to reta9 its complem5t ( fle%4 ,( c\rse ! birds 7 s disfigur$ t ! mo/ ( !m 7 reta9$ = family use4 ,x 0 no use to ?9k ( scald+ !m1--t w\ld n only s]i\sly injure ! fea!rs1 b w\ld completely spoil ! birds = ,bo/on m>ket1 z scald$ birds are reject$ at once & class$ ) *eap ,we/]n f[ls4 ,:ile go+ ! r\nds ( ,bo/on m>ket "o pleasant ,june day1 %ortly aft] our exp]i5ce ) ! ,aylesburys1 we notic$ "s f9e "y birds nicely dress$1 t _h evid5tly sn[-:ite plumage4 ,z ?is 0 be=e ! adv5t ( ic$ p\ltry1 we suppos$ ! birds _h come f ! regions ( ! f> ,s\?1 & our curiosity 0 excit$4 ,we int]view$ ! deal] & 0 surpris$ to le>n t ! birds 7 gr[n to ! nor? ( u1 & t !y 7 ! ,pek9 ducks we _h he>d ( = a ye> or two1 b _h tak5 no /ock 94 ,yet "h !y 7 9 ! m>ket1 :ile ours 7 toddl+ ab\t at home less ?an half gr[n4 ,"h 0 a revelation4 ,we procur$ "s eggs ( ?is p>ty1 at once1 & 9 due "t hat*$ out sixty lively "y duckl+s4 ,!y 7 t5d$ ) ! utmo/ c>e & n "o 0 lo/4 ,we 7 v mu* int]e/$ 9 ^! little fell[s1 !y 7 s h>dy1 & y c\ld fairly see !m gr[4 ,x occurr$ to me at ?is "t to try & exp]im5t ) ^! duckl+s1 keep a correct acc\nt ( all food consum$ by !m1 & asc]ta9 :at !y co/ p] p\nd :5 ready = m>ket4 ,! av]age weight 0 tak5 f ! reject$ drakes :i* we did n ne$ = bre$+ purposes1 & :i* 7 cull$ out & s5t to m>ket at t5 weeks old4 ,we 7 v mu* surpris$ to f9d ! co/ to u 7exclusive ( ! co/ ( eggs7 0 ab\t #d-c_/d c5ts p] p\nd4 ,we c\ld h>dly cr$it our own eyes4 ,! calculation 0 made aga9 & aga9 ) ! same result4 ,! same calculation 0 made a ye> lat] on two y>ds ( "s ?ree hundr$ duckl+s ) a result obta9$1 :5 ready = m>ket1 ( #e-a_/d c5ts p] p\nd1 includ+ co/ ( eggs4 ,illu/ration3 ,,aylesbury ,,ducks4 ,z ,i _h long s9ce left ! pat]nal abode1 & = ye>s _h ceas$ to sup]9t5d ! e/abli%m5ts ( o!rs1 & z ! foll[+ exp]i5ce w be entirely my own1 ,i %all h]eaft] use ! p]sonal ,i4 ,x is ne$less to say t ! figures arriv$ at f ! calculations made ( ^? ducks 7 />tl+4 ,:at6 c ,i gr[ ducks 9 ?ree mon?s z *eaply z ,i c gr[ pork 9 a ye>1 or beef 9 two ye>s1 & !n get six times z mu* p] p\nd = x aft] x is gr[n8 ,yes1 if figures tell ! tru?4 ,c ,i af=d long] to gr[ l>ge crops ( fruit & vegetables1 work+ e>ly & late1 risk+ fro/s & dr\?s1 mak+ a b>e livelihood1 :5 ) "o-t5? "p ( ! labor & capital involv$ ,i c gr[ a crop :i* dr\?s & fro/s d n injure1 & make five times z mu*8 ,no6 ,i h n _h a hog on my f>m s9ce ,i kept a ,kemp's spread] to "w ov] ! manure1 & simply gr[ fruit & vegetables en\gh = fea!r$ ?ieves & home consumption4 ,ano!r "q arose3 ,:at %all ,i d ) my c[s8 "s sixte5 or eighte5 9 numb]1 bull1 "y /ock1 etc4 ,my ,f>m4 ,n[1 ,i _h become some:at pr\d ( my f>m1 z :at man does n :o _h quadrupl$ its increase )9 t5 ye>s8 ,i 0 cutt+ ye>ly "s two hundr$ tons ( hay on less ?an half t numb] ( acres1 & ,i knew t if ,i sold my c[s ,i %\ld1 9 "s way1 be oblig$ to get rid ( my hay & t w\ld mean disa/] to ! f>m4 ,!re might be no decrease 9 acres1 b !re w\ld be a sad dim9ution 9 ! tons ( hay4 ,! result is1 ,i keep c[s = my own use4 ,h built two new b>ns1 ea* "o hundr$ feet long1 ! basem5ts ( :i* are utiliz$ = box /alls1 accommodat+ sixty bo>d+ horses4 ,^! conv]t my hay & gra9 7= :i* ,i receive ! m>ket price7 into manure4 ,?is is all ,i expect & all ,i get4 ,a :ile ago a g5tleman f ,new ,york caught me hoe+ 9 my onion pat*4 ,he express$ 8 a/oni%m5t at ! size ( ! onions4 7,i n[ gr[ two or ?ree hundr$ bu%els ye>ly to supply my own & neighbors' wants1 & j to keep my h& 947 ,said he3 ,y\r l& seems well adapt$ to ?is crop4 ,yes1 ,i h "s tw5ty or ?irty acres t are level1 ! soil is easily work$ & friable1 n tr\bl$ mu* ) maggot1 &1 if prop]ly h&l$1 is ab\t sure ( a crop4 ,:y don't y put x all into onions8 ,i _c af=d to4 ,:y1 said he1 if our ,new ,york f>m]s _h t l& )9 tw5ty or ?irty miles ( ,new ,york city x w\ld be wor? #a1jjj an acre1 & !y w\ld make x pay tw5ty-five p] c5t4 ( t1 too1 e ye>4 ,possibly !y c\ld1 b ) "o-t5? ( ! labor & capital employ$ ,i c raise ducks en\gh on "o acre to buy all ! onions ,i c raise on t54 ,if ,i am go+ to increase my capital & labor 9 any direction ,i %\ld put x into ducks1 n onions4 ,he ackn[l$g$ t p]haps ,i 0 "r1 b at ! same "t ?\ght x 0 poor economy to gr[ no?+ b hay on su* l& z t4 ,! ,muscovy ,duck4 ,! ,muscovy duck z its "n implies is a d5iz5 ( ! ,m$it]ranean & is a beautiful bird1 quiet & in(f5sive 9 its habits1 b _c comp>e ) ! ,pek9 ei!r 9 fecundity or 9 m>ket value4 ,x _c be induc$ to lay s e>ly 9 ! season z ! ,pek91 ?us =feit+ ! high ,spr+ prices4 ,! eggs require ab\t ! same "t to incubate z ! goose egg 7five weeks7 & !y d n hat* well 9 an incubator4 ,x is "s ?ree weeks long] 9 matur+ ?an ! ,pek9 & does n comm& z high a price 9 ! m>ket by two c5ts p] p\nd4 ,i ask$ a prom95t ,bo/on m>ket man ye/]day ! reason = x4 ,he said t ! fle% 0 co>s] ?an t ( ! ,pek9 :ile ! disp>ity 9 ! size ( ! sexes made !m v unpopul>1 = in/ance1 :ile ! drake w dress f eight to t5 p\nds ! duck w rate b f\r or five p\nds4 ,said he1 ,i want none ( !m4 ,!re are two v>ieties ( ?is bird1 :ite & color$4 ,! ,indian ,runn] ,duck4 ,?is bird is ( rec5t introduction1 & :ile x c nev] be a fir/-class m>ket bird on acc\nt ( its small size & d>k p9s1 x has _m good po9ts4 ,its fecundity is wond]ful4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 no bird t w excel x z an egg produc] = m>ket4 ,its patrons are en?usia/ic 9 its praise & claim an av]age yield ( "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five to two hundr$ eggs p] ye> f ea* ( _! birds1 b _! small size1 f\r to f\r & a half p\nds1 toge!r ) _! d>k p9s1 militates aga9/ _! value z a m>ket bird4 ,i h always emphasiz$ ! po9t t size z well z fecundity is a necess>y adjunct to a pr(itable m>ket bird4 ,x is no m tr\ble or risk to gr[ a l>ge bird ?an a small "o1 :ile ! m>ket returns are (t5 d\ble4 ,! l>ge bird w always comm& at lea/ two or ?ree c5ts p] p\nd m ?an a small "o1 z well z a m ready sale4 ,! ,runn] is a p>ti-color$ bird4 ,i 0 v mu* pleas$ ) ! ,pek9 ducks4 ,!y n only lay$ "s weeks e>li] ?an any o!r bre$ ,i _h ev] kept1 b 7 precoci\s1 matur+ e>li] ?an ei!r ( ! o!r bre$s1 except+ ! ,cayugas1 !re be+ b little diff]5ce betwe5 ! latt] & ! ,pek9s1 b ! ,pek9s lay+ "s weeks soon]1 x gave u control ( ! e>ly spr+ m>kets1 :i* are by f> ! mo/ pr(itable ( ! ye>4 ,dis9fect+4 ,my neighbors _h become mu* int]e/$ 9 ! bus9ess & (t5 visit$ me1 & 7 n backw>d 9 giv+ _! op9ions4 ,!y pr$ict$ failure = me1 giv+ z reasons t ! m>ket w\ld soon be glutt$ ) s mu* ( t k9d ( /uff1 = p\ltry nev] c\ld be z good gr[n 9 t unnatural way1 & t if ,i kept on gr[+ ^? ducks 9 ! same y>d1 ye> aft] ye>1 ! l& w\ld ev5tually get poison$1 & !n disease w\ld clean me out4 ,b ,i _h ?\ght ?is ?+ all ov] be=e lay+ out my y>ds4 ,i knew t rev]s+ l& & cropp+ x w\ld dis9fect x1 s a crop ( ducks is always foll[$ by a crop ( some?+ else2 & ?us ,i succe$ ea* season 9 gett+ two crops ( ducks & two crops ( ei!r rye1 b>ley1 or oats1 s t ! l& has n be5 poison$1 & is /ill gr[+ its complem5t ( l>ge1 fat ducks e ye>1 & z ,i h set x to plum trees1 x is beg9n+ to yield f9e1 lusci\s plums4 ,nei!r is ! m>ket glutt$1 z ! dem& is f> 9 excess ( ! supply4 ,! way ( gr[+ does n seem to be any objection1 z ! m>ketm5 are will+ to pay me1 at lea/1 two to f\r c5ts p] p\nd m ?an !y c possibly get = ^? gr[n 9 ! natural way4 ,p]haps a ^w "h w\ld n be amiss reg>d+ ! m]its ( artificially & naturally-gr[n p\ltry = fancy & m>ket purposes4 ,?is is a vital "q1 & x is z well = ! public to fully und]/& ?is ?+ n[1 z well z its orig94 ,!re is _m a p]son :o has be5 ?or\ghly conv9c$ ( ! great advantages & ! economy ( ! artificial ov] ! natural way ( do+ x1 & :o w\ld gladly h />t$ 9 ! bus9ess1 b 0 det]r$ by ! prevail+ op9ion t artificially-gr[n birds 7 always defici5t 9 plumage1 & c\ld nev] w9 at a %[1 & t ! fle% 0 inf]ior = table use & c\ld n f9d a ready sale4 ,x is z well to explode ?is ?+ n[1 & expose its utt] fallacy4 ,!re is n a %ad[ ( d\bt b t mu* poor p\ltry has be5 put ^u ! m>ket by p :o h attempt$ its culture 9 ! artificial way by gr[+ hundr$s ( ducks & *icks 9 ! same limit$ space t !y =m]ly us$ = a doz5 ) an old h54 ,^!1 ( c\rse1 c\ld n be o!rwise ?an poor & ! mortality great4 ,ano!r reason3 ! fancy bus9ess 9 p\ltry is fa/ be+ ov]done4 ,! be/ bre$s are n[ scatt]$ f> & wide ov] ! entire c\ntry4 ,!re is n ! dem& = !m t !re has be51 because good birds c be obta9$ ne>] home4 ,_m ( our old & well-kn[n fanci]s are mak+ frantic b va9 ef=ts to keep _! bus9ess up to its =m] /&>d4 ,!y h suff]$ consid]ably f competition ) artificially-gr[n birds1 & !y r\ndly ass]t t x is an unnatural me?od1 t ! conditions are n "r1 t x affects ! gr[? & plumage ( ! bird 9 su* a mann] z to preclude its ev] tak+ a fir/-class premium at our %[s4 ,n[ if !y c conv9ce ! public t naturally gr[n birds c capture premiums1 & !y gr[ all _! birds 9 ! natural way1 x is easy to see h[ _! trade w\ld be increas$4 ,n[1 ,i nev] c\ld see h[ ! old h5 c\ld imp>t vigor to h] *icks by imp>t+ lice1 or h[ ! increas$ contributions ( fil? f ! old h51 unit$ to t f ! *icks1 c\ld ev] make ! conditions m favorable ?an t f ! *icks alone4 ,x c no long] be d5i$ t ! artificially-gr[n f[ls are fa/ com+ to ! front1--a place :i* !y already occupy 9 ! m>ket4 ,knapp ,bros41 ,fabius1 ,n4 ,y41 ! greate/ prize w9n]s on ,:ite ,leghorns 9 ! c\ntry1 gr[ _! birds artificially4 ,we c\ld m5tion _m o!rs :o are do+ equally well4 ,our own ,pek9 ducks h1 = _m g5]ations1 be5 hat*$ & gr[n artificially1 & today1 = size1 symmetry1 & beauty ( plumage !y /& unrival$ 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,!y h won fir/ f ,canada to ! ,gulf1 & h nev] be5 defeat$4 ,?ree times dur+ ! pa/ t5 ye>s we h be5 oblig$ to enl>ge m>ket boxes to accommodate ! increas$ size ( our birds2 & yet we h br$ only f our own /ock4 ,a numb] ( times ,i h procur$ w9n+ birds at ! ,p5nsylvania & ,we/]n ,/ate ,fairs1 ) a view to a *ange ( blood1 only to ca/ ! birds aside on _! arrival "h1 z ,i c\ld n bre$ f !m )\t det]iorat+ my flock 9 size4 ,if ?is is ! result ( artificial gr[+ & ( 9-bre$+1 ,i %all keep "r on4 ,9-,bre$+4 ,i h always select$ ! v *oice/ & be/ f ! _m ,i rais$ = bre$+ /ock1 & ! result has be5 a gradual increase ( size4 ,i h se5 _m p]sons :o1 f a mi/ak5 idea ( introduc+ new blood1 h r$uc$ bo? ! size & quality ( _! /ock4 ,let x be "h und]/ood t a man :o keeps b "o drake & a few ducks is bre$+-9 fa/4 ,b ! "o :o keeps a ?\s& 9 diff]5t y>ds c bre$ _m ye>s ) impunity1 because ! int]m+l+ ( blood is exactly 9 inv]se ratio to ! numb]s kept4 ,i h repeat$ly he>d prom95t m>ketm5 9 ,new ,york & ,bo/on say t my artificially-gr[n p\ltry1 bo? 9 *icks & ducks1 7 ! be/ t !y ev] h&l$4444 ,i w endeavor to secure _! signatures to t effect1 z conv9c+ pro( ( ?is1 z ,i wi% ! public to "k ! tru? z x is4 ,i 0 !n bre$+ ,pek9s exclusively1 & f\nd ! bus9ess :ile gr[+ !m 0 f> m pr(itable ?an ev] be=e1 & accord+ly increas$ my incubat+ & brood+ capacity1 & in/ead ( gr[+ #a1ejj to #b1jjj duckl+s1 grew f #aj1jjj to #bj1jjj4 ,?is 0 done dur+ ! e>ly spr+ & summ]1 ! ma*9es & brood]s be+ us$ = e>ly *icks dur+ ! w9t]4 ,i _h obs]v$ t1 dur+ my exp]i5ce ) *icks1 t cross+ ) ! be/ bre$s always made bett] lay]s & bett] m>ket birds ?an ei!r ( ! bre$s f :i* !y orig9at$2 also1 t ! fir/ cross 0 always ! be/1 & t cont9u$ bre$+ f crosses is sure to det]iorate bo? 9 size & quality4 ,cross+4 ,i conceiv$ ! idea ( procur+ "s ( ! be/ /ock possible ( ,r\5s1 ,aylesburys1 ,cayugas1 & cross+ !m on ! ,pek9s1 ) ! object ( increas+ ! size & precocity4 ,i exp]im5t$ fir/ ) ,cayugas1 & cross$ bo? ways1 us+ bo? ,pek9 & ,cayuga drakes1 &1 9 ord] to te/ ! exp]im5t fairly1 ! mongrel eggs 7 hat*$ 9 ! same ma*9e1 ! "y birds gr[n 9 ! same y>ds1 subject$ to ! same c>e & fe$1 ) ! ,pek9s4 ,! ,cayuga cross 0 v satisfactory1 ) two exceptions4 ,!y 7 f9e1 plump birds1 took on fat readily1 & matur$ z e>ly z ! ,pek9s1 :ile ! mortality 0 n m ?an "o p] c5t4 on ei!r1 b we f\nd t ! sk9 0 d>k1 ! d>k p9s1 :5 !re 7 any1 %[+ v pla9ly b5ea?4 ,^! birds 7 s5t to m>ket 9 ! same boxes ) ! ,pek9s4 ,our deal]s to :om we %ipp$ all[$ u ! same price = !m z = ! ,pek9s1 z !re 7 b few ( !m1 b _h !y all be5 ( t color w\ld h be5 oblig$ to cut !m two c5ts p] p\nd on ! price4 ,?is 0 en\gh = me1 especially z ,i f\nd t ! fea!rs comm&$ b little m ?an half ! price ( ! pure :ite fea!rs ( ! ,pek9s4 ,! exp]im5t1 ?\gh conduct$ 9 ! same mann]1 ) ! ,r\5s1 0 some:at diff]5t 9 result4 ,!re 0 a great loss f ^? mongrels4 ,!y evid5tly inh]it$ ! same weak con/itutions ( ! ,r\5s4 ,!y _h n ! vitality ( ! ,pek9s1 :ile !y requir$ at lea/ ?ree weeks long] to mature4 ,?is latt] alone 0 suffici5t to condemn !m = all m>ket purposes1 especially :5 subject$ to ! same disc\nt on d>k p9s & fea!rs z ! ,cayugas4 ,?is 0 suffici5t to disc>d bo? bre$s = my use z m>ket birds4 ,aylesburys4 ,b ,i expect$ great ?+s f ! ,aylesburys4 ,i procur$ ! be/ ducks to be _h 9 ! c\ntry1 :ile ,i us$ import$ drakes f ! be/ prize-w9n]s 9 ,engl&1 & ,i h nev] yet se5 ^? drakes equal$ 9 size2 & ,i 0 unusually c>eful 9 ?is exp]im5t1 because ,i knew t ! ,engli% bre$]s claim$ = _! birds a sup]iority 9 all ! po9ts ess5tial = a good m>ket bird1 namely1 delicacy & flavor ( fle%1 size1 precocity1 & great] egg production1--lay+ special /ress on _! h>d9ess & vitality4 ,i br$ ^? birds cle> & cross$ !m1 c>efully not+ ! result4 ,our fir/ bat* ( ,pek9s & ^? crosses numb]$ ab\t #cjj1 ne>ly equally divid$4 ,^! 7 mix$ & conf9$ 9 two y>ds4 ,= ! fir/ two weeks !re 0 no p]ceptible diff]5ce1 :5 gradually ! "y ,pek9s began to outgr[ ! crosses1 ! diff]5ce increas+ ) age4 ,! =m] 7 v ev5 9 size1 ! latt] irregul>1 :ile ! mortality 0 z six to "o 9 favor ( ! ,pek9s4 ,:5 we began to kill ^? birds ! ,pek9s 7 all 9 ! m>ket at ! end ( elev5 weeks1 :ile ! crosses rema9$ 9 ! y>ds fully "o week beh9d4 ,! weight 0 9 favor ( ! ,pek9s ab\t "o p\nd p] pair4 ,! same difficulty exi/$ z 9 =m] ye>s--! t5acity ( ! fea!rs4 ,! pick]s grumbl$1 :ile ! birds 7 m or less disfigur$4 ,i notifi$ ! deal]s ( ! bre$s ( ^? ducks1 & ( ! claim made by ! ,engli% bre$]s1 & wi%$ !m to asc]ta9 if possible if !re 0 any diff]5ce 9 favor ( ! ,aylesburys4 ,!y said _! cu/om]s f\nd no pref]5ce1 = !mselves !y pref]r$ ! ,pek9s on acc\nt ( ! l>g] size & f9] appe>ance ( ! dress$ birds4 ,b ,i f\nd x made a va/ deal m diff]5ce ?an t to me4 ,"o p\nd p] pair on #b1jjj pairs ( duckl+s1 at an av]age price ( tw5ty-five c5ts p] p\nd1 made a diff]5ce ( m ?an #ejj to me2 especially ! extra t5 days requir$ to mature ! ,aylesburys co/ m ?an ! fe$ = extra p\nd ( fle% gr[n ^u ! ,pek9s4 ,i d n keep ,aylesburys n[1 & h n s9ce t exp]im5t2 ,i nev] %all aga94 ,precocity4 ,!re is "o po9t :i* ,i wi% to impress1 :i* is too (t5 ov]look$1 & yet is ( ! mo/ vital importance to ! p\ltry gr[]1 & t is ! e>ly maturity ( 8 m>ket birds4 ,i (t5 he> gr[]s say t z !re is v little *ange 9 ! p\ltry m>ket dur+ n9e mon?s ( ! ye>1 & z !y d n cont5d = ! e>ly spr+ prices anyway1 if _! birds are ?ree or f\r weeks long] 9 matur+ x does n matt]4 ,does is n8 ,i h always cont5d$ t x requires j s mu* to su/a9 life 9 ei!r bird or animal1 & ! pr(it consi/s 9 :at we c get !m to consume & dige/ ov] & above t2 & if ! "t requir$ to d ?is is protract$ long] ?an is necess>y1 x is done at ! exp5se ( ! gr[]4 ,if x takes t5 weeks to gr[ five p\nds ( fle% on "o bird & f\rte5 weeks on ano!r ! "o mu/ necess>ily co/ m ?an ! o!r p] p\nd1 simply because y h to su/a9 life f\r weeks long] 9 "o case ?an 9 ! o!r1 & t _c be done = no?+4 ,t is :y1 ?\gh ,i c easily gr[ a p\nd ( duck = six c5ts1 ,i mu/ h eight c5ts to gr[ a p\nd ( *ick51 because ! ducks w take on six p\nds ( fle% 9 t5 weeks1 :ile ! *ick5 requires tw5ty weeks to obta9 ! same size4 ,^! appe> trivial matt]s :5 a p]son gr[s only a few doz5 f[ls ye>ly1 b :5 he makes a life bus9ess ( x & gr[s f[ls by ! ?\s&s1 x is ( ! utmo/ importance4 ,fir/-,class ,bre$+ ,/ock4 ,! above %[s ! necessity ( fir/-class bre$+ /ock to />t )4 ,i d n mean fancy /ock at all1 z _m ( ! po9ts ( excell5ce claim$ by ! ,am]ican /&>d militate directly aga9/ ! m>ket value ( ! birds4 ,a few ye>s ago sev]al m5 came "h to buy ,pek9 ducks = bre$+ /ock4 ,on look+ at ! birds & gett+ ! price1 "o man said3 ,^? are ! be/ birds ,i ev] saw4 ,i want ?irty ( ! be/ birds y h4 ,ano!r said3 ,!y are f9e birds1 b ,i _c af=d to pay two doll>s = a duck2 h y no *eap] birds8 ,yes1 ,i h "s lat] birds--culls f :i* ! re/ h be5 select$4 ,!y are n z l>ge z ^!4 ,my late birds nev] atta9 ! size ( ! e>li]-hat*$ ones1 & !y w n lay q z e>ly4 ,y c h y\r *oice ( ^! at "o doll> ea*1 :i* is ab\t _! m>ket value4 ,he took ^? birds1 & ,i consid] :5 he made t *oice t he ?rew away m ?an #ajj ( 8 fir/ season's "w alone1 =1 ) a fair %>e ( success he might easily expect to raise #ajj "y birds f ea* ( 8 bre$+ ducks1 & z ! birds he *ose 7 at lea/ "o-?ird light] ?an ^? he reject$1 _! prog5y w\ld n be z heavy at a m>ketable age by at lea/ "o p\nd p] bird4 ,! excess 9 co/ to him1 _h he b\ght ! bett] birds1 w\ld h be5 b "o c5t on ea* ( ! "y birds he rais$4 ,he lo/1 on mak+ ! *oice he did1 m ?an tw5ty c5ts on ea* bird1 & ?is is n all2 ^? birds w be small = g5]ations to come4 ,he nev] c get !m up to ! /&>d ( ! o!rs4 ,!y w g ^u ! m>ket z small birds1 & z su*1 comm& at lea/ two c5ts p] p\nd less ?an ! l>g] ones2 9 fact1 8 losses 9 ?is transaction w repres5t a l>ge %>e ( ! pr(its4 ,h[ to ,beg94 ,i w n[ suppose t ! bre$] has secur$ 8 /ock1 erect$ 8 build+1 & is ready = bus9ess4 ,! next ?+ is to fe$ !m well1 keep !m w>m & com=table1 giv+ !m z great a v>iety ( gre5 food z is obta9able dur+ ! w9t] mon?s1 9 ord] to induce w9t] lay+ & insure f]tility ( ! eggs4 ,?is matt] requires close att5tion1 because ! pr(its 9 "o week ( ! e>ly m>ket w always equal ! pr(its 9 f\r or five ( ! late4 ,! proportion ( ! sexes 9 ! e>ly spr+ %\ld be ab\t "o drake to five or six ducks4 ,"o po9t "h ,i wi% to emphasize p>ticul>ly & t is 9 ! selection ( drakes4 ,! drakes %\ld be1 at lea/1 two mon?s old] ?an ! ducks1 z ! latt] w mature "s two or ?ree mon?s e>li] & beg9 _! egg production two or ?ree mon?s be=e ! drakes are ready = bre$+4 ,z a consequ5ce1 we always select our ,febru>y hat*$ drakes = bre$+ purposes4 ,?is comes a little h>d1 z ^! birds w av]age to dress sev5 to n9e p\nds at t5 weeks old & w always br+1 at lea/1 #cj;c p] p\nd at t "t 9 ! m>ket1 mak+ !m wor? ab\t #b4ej ea*4 ,w\ld-be pur*as]s ?9k we are crazy :5 we *>ge #c ea* = ^! birds at eight mon?s old1 expect+ u to keep !m = six mon?s & coop !m = less ?an fifty c5ts4 ,n[ ?is selection ( e>ly hat*$ birds is absolutely necess>y = good pr(its1 z e>ly hat*$1 means e>ly reproduction & ^! great pr(its c h>dly be ignor$4 ,we sold ?\s&s ( birds ! pa/ spr+ = #cj;c p] p\nd1 hav+ almo/ complete control ( ,bo/on & ,new ,york m>kets = at lea/ six weeks4 ,lat] 9 ! season1 :5 _m ( ! ducks are (f duty f a desire to incubate1 ! proportion %\ld be ab\t "o drake to t5 ducks4 ,be p>ticul> ab\t ?is1 z ! eggs w be mu* m f]tile if a "p ( ! drakes are remov$4 ,! fe$+ boxes %\ld be long & roomy2 m9e are #fx#g feet long1 eight in*es wide & ?ree in*es high4 ,?is is ess5tial1 z ! birds are rapid eat]s1 & if !re is n room1 "s w gorge !mselves to repletion1 :ile o!rs w get b little4 ,d n keep food by !m1 z t w clog _! appetites1 & always effects ! egg production1 z well z ! condition ( ! birds4 ,keep ! ,fe$ ,clean4 ,i h (t5 visit$ p\ltry e/abli%m5ts :]e ! food 0 ly+ ar\nd 9 all conditions1--9 tr\ghs1 on ! gr\nd1 trodd5 ^u1 mix$ ) excrem5t & fil?2 _h become s\r & (f5sive1 s t ! birds w\ld n eat x4 ,! att5dant w\ld g 8 r\nds p]iodically & ?r[ m food ^u ! already (f5sive mass2 ! own] look+ on1 passively compla9+ t 8 ducks did n lay & 8 duckl+s w\ld n fat4 ,i require my m5 to g ! r\nds aft] fe$+1 & if !re is any food left1 to take x up clean4 ,if ?is is insi/$ on !y w soon le>n to fe$ j :at is requir$ & no m4 ,clean fe$+ is ( ! utmo/ importance1 bo? = "y & old birds1 z nei!r w ?rive f ov]fe$+1 z x de/roys ! appetite completely4 ,ano!r ess5tial ?+ is t ducks w n produce _! prop] quota ( f]tile eggs on h>d food alone4 ,! natural food ( ! duck is pr9cipally vegetable & animal1 & is obta9$ 9 brooks1 puddles1 swales1 & consi/s ( flag1 grass roots1 small fi%1 pollywogs1 etc4 ,unlike ! h51 ! duck has no crop1--! passage or duct lead+ f ! ?roat to gizz>d direct1 is v small comp>$ to ! size ( ! bird4 ,consequ5tly x does n assimilate or ?rive on h>d food4 ,i am cont9ually receiv+ lett]s f amateurs dur+ ! mon?s ( ,m>* & ,april1 compla9+ t _! ducks d n lay1 at ! same "t say+ t !y give !m all ! corn !y w eat4 ,i write back sugge/+ s(t food1 giv+ +r$i5ts & proportions4 ,9 an incr$ibly %ort space ( "t a po/al w come to h& say+1 ,?anks1 my ducks are all lay+4 ,success or failure 9 ! p\ltry bus9ess (t5 date _! orig9 f j su* trivial ?+s z ! above4 ,s insignificant 9 !mselves z to be entirely ov]look$ by ! novice :o1 if he is p]sev]+1 w ev5tually discov] bo? cause & rem$y2 b only ?r\gh ye>s ( co/ly exp]im5t & a loss ( valuable "t :i* he c nev] recall4 ,h[ to ,fe$ ,bre$+ ,ducks = ,eggs4 ,!re %\ld be q a di/9ction betwe5 fe$+ ducks to obta9 a supply ( eggs & fe$+ !m = m>ket1 z 9 "o case ! object is to lay on fat & ! o!r is to furni% ! mo/ available supply ( egg mat]ial4 ,z be=e h9t$1 s(t food is mu* m readily utiliz$ 9 a duck's organization ?an a h5's4 ,we make a habit ( turn+ out our bre$+ ducks to pa/ure dur+ ! m\lt+ season1 h\s+ !m 9 ! fall accord+ to ! nature ( ! season1 say1 f ! middle ( ,novemb] to ! fir/ ( ,decemb]4 ,we fe$ s(t food morn+ & ev5+ compos$ l>gely ( bran ) a little meal1 keep+ !m purposely %ort to induce !m to =age = !mselves1 b :5 ! birds are h\s$ ?is is all *ang$4 ,!y are !n f$ on equal p>ts ( corn meal1 :eat-bran & l[-grade fl\r1 ) ab\t twelve or fifte5 p] c5t4 ( animal food4 ,"o f\r? ( ?is food %\ld be compos$ ( vegetables cook$--say1 small potatoes1 turnips1 etc41 ) all ! gre5 rye & refuse cabbage !y w eat4 ,we fe$ ?is comp\nd morn+ & ev5+ ) a little corn1 :eat & oats at noon4 ,fe$ all ! birds w eat clean & no m4 ,! birds1 "y & old1 may be expect$ to lay 9 ?ree weeks f ! "t !y are h\s$4 ,?is "p ( ! ?+ seems to be "u p]fect control4 ,y turn 9 ! prop] v>iety ( food & !y _c help turn+ out a g5]\s supply ( eggs4 ,! f]tility h[ev]1 _c1 at ?is season ( ! ye> be s p]fectly controll$1 z ! /&>d ( f]tility 9 ! fir/ eggs is apt to be v l[1 b soon comes to a high po9t4 ,! fecundity ( ^! birds is wond]ful4 ,z a g5]al ?+ ea* bird c be dep5d$ ^u = #adj eggs ea* season1 & z ! eggs always comm& f #e to #aj c5ts p] doz5 m ?an ^? f h5s x makes ! ,pek9 ducks m pr(itable = eggs alone ?an any o!r f[l4 ,incubators4 ,) ! necess>y build+s con/ruct$ & ! /ock select$1 ! next ?+ requir$ is ! incubator1 = ,i d n suppose ! mod]n p\ltry gr[] is go+ to d 8 incubat+ ) h5s1 = ! simple reason t he _c af=d to4 ,h5s %[ no desire to incubate :5 y want !m to ! mo/1 or 9 "t to comm& ! high prices = ducks & *icks 9 ! e>ly spr+1 & ?is is att5d$ ) a loss ( at lea/ "o-half ( ! season's pr(its4 ,i (t5 h lett]s fill$ ) que/ions conc]n+ incubators4 ,:i* is ! be/ incubator8 ,c a p]son ( ord9>y intellig5ce run "o successfully8 ,d !y require wat*+ dur+ ! night8 ,is !re an incubator 9 ! m>ket today t w hat* z well z ! av]age h58 & _m m ( l import4 ,to ! fir/ ,i w\ld say t mode/y =bids a c&id answ]4 ,!re are objections to _m ma*9es1 ?\gh ! same d n apply to all4 ,x does n become me to m5tion _! fail+s4 ,b fir/ ( all d n buy a *eap incubator1 z ! conditions to :i* ! mat]ial ( an incubator is expos$ are ( ! sev]e/ k9d4 ,x mu/ be expos$ con/antly to a temp]ature ( #ajc degrees1 & t 9 an atmosph]e sur*>g$ ) moi/ure2 & unless ! mat]ial ( :i* ! ma*9e is con/ruct$ is ( ! *oice/ k9d1 well kiln-dri$ & put toge!r1 ! *ances are t x w w>p out ( %ape1 admit drafts ( air & injure1 if n de/roy1 ! regulation4 ,i d n ?9k an incubator c ev] be complete unless x is a d\ble-cas$ ma*9e4 ,x requires t to effectually resi/ !rmal *anges4 ,ye>s ( c>eful exp]im5t1 & ( exp]i5ce 9 ! competitive %[ room h conv9c$ me ( ! tru? ( ?is4 ,extreme cold w affect ! uni=mity ( heat 9 ! egg-*amb] ( s+le-cas$ ma*9es4 ,imag9e if y c a s+le-cas$ ma*9e con/ruct$ ( five-eigh? in* /uff1 ) a temp]ature ( #ajc degrees inside1 & t ( freez+ outside4 ,h[ c ! eggs at ! extreme corn]s & ! ?9 cold sides ( t ma*9e be z w>m z ^? 9 ! c5tre8 ,( c\rse t diff]5ce does n exi/ 9 w>m wea!r1 b t is ! "t :5 incubators are usually let alone & ! bus9ess is giv5 up to ! old h54 ,n[1 ,i say ?is frankly1 z mu* = ! b5efit ( incubator manufactur]s z = _! cu/om]s4 ,i h lett]s e day f p>ties ord]+ circul>s & say+ t !y h us$ f "o to ?ree ma*9es ( diff]5t makes1 d5\nc+ ! ma*9es & _! mak]s 9 ! mo/ emphatic t]ms z frauds4 ,n[1 ?is is all wrong2 "o-half ( ! "t y w f9d t x is ! pur*as]s1 n ! mak]s1 :o are at fault4 ,!re are probably j z _m hone/ incubator mak]s z !re are 9 any o!r bran* ( bus9ess4 ,b !re is su* a ?+ z a man be+ hone/ & yet ignorant4 ,_m ( ! manufactur]s ( incubators "k v little ab\t ! fir/ pr9ciples ( artificial incubation4 ,!y h ! idea t a simple heat regulator is all t is necess>y to insure ! success ( an incubator1 :5 9 reality x is only "o ( ! _m requirem5ts4 ,i w enum]ate "s ( ! mo/ ess5tial po9ts1 viz43 heat regulation2 uni=mity ( heat 9 egg-*amb]2 absolute control ( heat by ! op]ator on any giv5 egg-tray2 automatic moi/ure supply2 accurate !rmomet]s2 ?or\gh con/ruction & good mat]ial to avoid w>p+ & %r9kage1 toge!r ) a safe lamp adju/m5t4 ,!re are _m o!r m9or po9ts :i* w come up ) c>e ( ma*9es4 ,i am (t5 ask$1 ,:y d s _m fail to hat* ) incubators8 ,i w answ] by say+3 ,n because x is difficult2 = ,i h always f\nd x a f> m difficult ?+ to gr[ ducks & *icks successfully aft] !y are hat*$1 ?an x is to hat* !m4 ,d\btless ev]yone kn[s t an incubator1 diff]5t f o!r ma*9es1 mu/ run ?ree weeks cont9ually night & day1 7& :5 fill$ ) duck eggs1 f\r weeks17 & pres]ve an ev5 temp]ature all ! :ile4 ,"s ma*9es z describ$ above1 are n adapt$ to ?is bus9ess1 & "s m5 are n adapt$ to ! use ( ma*9es ev5 :5 !y are good ones4 ,!y are n will+ to be/[ ! little b intellig5t & regul> c>e requir$1 & _m times dur+ ! f\r weeks !y w =get "s ( ! mo/ ess5tial po9ts1 su* z repl5i%+ _! lamps1 or =get to atta* ! ext+ui%]s1 ?us depriv+ ! ma*9e ( all self-control1 or !y neglect to trim ! lamps = days1 & p]haps a week1 all[+ ! wick to cru/ & ! heat to decrease4 ,o!rs ( n]v\s temp]am5t w op5 _! ma*9es e fifte5 m9utes dur+ ! day & get up _m times dur+ ! night to d ! same ?+1 necess>ily creat+ a great v>iation 9 ! temp]ature ( ! ma*9e4 ,n[1 all ^!1 :5 repeat$ (t5 en\gh1 mean disa/] & grief4 ,"o man :o _h be5 v successful1 said he lik$ ! hat*+ v well1 b !re 0 too mu* conf9em5t gr[+ *icks & ducks1 & he 0 n go+ to make a slave ( himself any long]4 ,ano!r v "y man :o has be5 uni=mly successful1 & is runn+ f\r l>ge ma*9es1 said t ! hat*+ & c>e ( incubators 0 no?+1 z he simply look$ at 8 ma*9es twice p] day1 b t ! c>e ( *icks & ducks 0 h>d "w2 b !re 0 m money 9 x ?an any?+ else he c\ld d1 & he %\ld /ick to x4 ,ano!r man1 because 8 ma*9e did n run to suit him1 ?rew 8 boot at x1 knock+ ! regulation all (f1 :i* he call$ ^u me to duplicate4 7,?is man has done bett] s9ce & increas$ ! numb] ( 8 ma*9es74 ,s ! read] w see t !re are cranks ev5 among ! p\ltry m51 & t _m ( !m ent] ! p\ltry bus9ess simply because !y are look+ = an easy job1--a sad mi/ake on _! "p4 ,i h always notic$ t ! man :o kn[s ! lea/1 b is will+ to acquire k & foll[ in/ructions implicitly1 is ! man :o g5]ally succe$s4 ,be/ ,place = ,incubators4 ,hav+ secur$ a good ma*9e1 ! next ?+ is to locate x :]e x w give y ! lea/ tr\ble to run x1 & at ! same "t d y ! mo/ good4 ,! be/ place = ?is is ei!r 9 a b>n or h\se cell> or 9 "s build+ p>tly "u gr\nd1 = obvi\s reasons4 ,?\gh a good ma*9e c be regulat$ to run 9 any temp]ature 7provid$ x c g5]ate heat en\gh71 yet con/ant !rmal *anges ( #cj or #dj degrees betwe5 night & day w necessitate regulat+ to meet !m1--z ! am\nt ( flame requir$ to run a ma*9e 9 a temp]ature ( #dj degrees1 w be f> 9 excess ( t ne$$ to run x 9 "o ( #gj degrees1 =1 ?\gh ! *ange w be v sl[ 9 a nicely pack$ d\ble cas$ ma*9e1 yet 9 "t ev5 t *ange w affect4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 c\ld be easily ov]come ) a little c>e1 yet x is j z well to avoid all unnecess>y c>e & tr\ble 9 ! beg9n+2 !re w be /ill en\gh left to keep y ?9k+4 ,9 a common build+ above gr\nd dur+ ! w9t] mon?s x w (t5 freeze ar\nd y\r ma*9e1 & 9 turn+ eggs 9 a freez+ atmosph]e d x z quickly z y c1 z x w always cool y\r eggs p]ceptibly1 & m or less d]ange ! temp]ature ( y\r ma*9e4 ,?is is ( c\rse decid$ly injuri\s & w m or less impair ! hat*4 ,n[1 ?is is a v important matt]1 & p d n give x suffici5t consid]ation4 ,x is ev5 advocat$ by "s incubator manufactur]s1 t eggs %\ld be cool$ e day to #gj degrees1 = ! simple reason t ! old h5 does4 ,!y d n take into consid]ation t x is a necessity = ! old h51 b may n be = ! embryo *ick4 ,:5 ! h5 leaves h] eggs to fe$1 & !y become p>tially cold1 :5 %e recov]s !m & br+s ^? eggs 9 imm$iate contact ) ! rapidly-pulsat+ art]ies ( h] body1 9 fifte5 m9utes !y h acquir$ _! normal heat4 ,) ! ma*9e x w require an h\r or two4 ,to meet ?is difficulty1 suitable in/ructions %\ld be giv5 ) & to suit diff]5t ma*9es4 ,:]e ! eggs are turn$ automatically inside ! ma*9e1 x is necess>y t !y %\ld be cool$ at lea/ once a day dur+ ! la/ two weeks ( ! hat*4 ,tak+ ! eggs out to turn twice ea* day1 z 9 ! ,mon>*1 cools !m suffici5tly dur+ ! w9t] mon?s2 9 w>m wea!r1 leav+ ! outside & inside doors op5 :ile turn+ cools !m suffici5tly4 ,"s incubator manufactur]s w tell y t !rmal *anges1 h[ev] great1 w n affect _! ma*9es4 ,_! patrons tell a diff]5t /ory4 ,no ma*9e 0 ev] made1 or ev] w be1 t w run z well or give z good results amid con/ant !rmal *anges z 9 an ev5 temp]ature4 ,x is true t !y r$uce ! heat1 b x is by admitt+ l>ge draughts ( air1 runn+ (f ! moi/ure & completely de/roy+ ! humidity ( atmosph]e 9 _! ma*9es4 ,!n1 h[ ab\t ^? little duckl+s :i* h be5 pipp$ =ty-eight h\rs8 ,!y c nev] get out unless y help !m4 ,suitable ,build+s4 ,_m insurance companies object to incubators be+ run 9 build+s cov]$ by _! policies1 & w (t5 cancel !m4 ,?is orig9at$ f ! fact t s _m fire-traps1 :i* 7 ?ru/ ^u ! public 9 ! %ape ( incubators1 _h consum$ ! build+s 9 :i* !y 7 op]at$4 ,! insurance companies 7 oblig$ 9 self-def5ce to prohibit _! use 9 insur$ build+s4 ,b ! int]diction is usually remov$ ^u ! repres5tation t ! ma*9e is safe4 ,sometimes a slight premium is exact$4 ,9 ! ev5t ( insurance companies be+ obdurate1 x is v easy to excavate a place 9 a side hill1 or on level gr\nd4 ,/one x up five feet high at ! sides4 ,x is n necess>y to dig m ?an two or ?ree feet deep1 z ! excavat$ dirt c be us$ to bank up ) on ! outside4 ,^u ?is /one-"w put a simple ro(4 ,i use a build+ ( ?is description4 ,! orig9al co/1 exclusive ( labor1 0 #ae4 ,x 0 l>ge en\gh = two ma*9es4 ,my new incubator room is t5 times z l>ge1 b ! co/ 0 9 proportion4 ,?is build+ nev] freezes 9 w9t]1 & is always "s t5 or fifte5 degrees cold] ?an ! outside temp]ature 9 summ]1 mak+ a v h&y place to keep eggs = incubat+ purposes4 ,x is well to run y\r ma*9e a few days & get ! control ( x4 ,! next ?+ is to fill x ) fre% f]tile eggs4 ,9 ! w9t] "t1 if "o does n h eggs himself1 ?is is sometimes a v difficult ?+ to d1 = ! eggs mu/ n only be fre%1 b f]tile4 ,! "y beg9n] is (t5 oblig$ to dep5d ^u o!rs = 8 eggs :5 fir/ />t+ 9 ! bus9ess1 b ! p\lt]]1 z a rule1 _c af=d to d ?is1 because he c gr[ !m a good deal *eap] ?an he c buy2 & n only ?is1 & :at is m to ! po9t1 he1 by prop] c>e & fe$ dur+ ! w9t] mon?s1 c make 8 own eggs a great deal m f]tile ?an any he c buy ( o!rs4 ,usually ab\t "o-?ird ( our novices g "r to ! /ores & pur*ase eggs to fill _! ma*9es )4 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,incubator ,,h\se4 ,?is is runn+ a great risk1 especially dur+ ! w9t] mon?s1 b w give ! read] an idea ( ! am\nt ( k t _m ( our w\ld-be p\ltry m5 h acquir$ to beg9 )1 & :5 he kn[s t ! incubator has to %\ld] all ^! mi/akes1 he w naturally h a little sympa?y = ! mak]4 ,sev]al ye>s ago ,i sold a six hundr$-egg ma*9e to a lady1 :o1 on receiv+ x1 fill$ x promptly ) eggs obta9$ f ! groc]s4 ,n[1 z ?is 0 9 ! mon? ( ,decemb]1 x 01 to say ! lea/1 an exce$+ly d\btful op]ation4 ,z %e only got ab\t =ty *icks %e 0 naturally v mu* dissatisfi$1 & /rongly d5\nc$ bo? ! ma*9e & ! mak]4 ,h] husb& sugge/$ t possibly ! ma*9e 0 n to blame1 & t ! eggs might h some?+ to d ) x4 ,!y w5t to ! groc] to enquire ab\t x4 ,he told !m t he _h _h "s ( ^? eggs on h& = sev]al weeks1 & t !y _h be5 expos$ to ! cold & freez+ wea!r1 & t probably ! f>m]s f :om he _h obta9$ !m _h held !m = high prices4 ,!y f\nd on enquiry t ?is 0 ! case1 & "o p>ty especially1 :o kept a l>ge numb] ( h5s1 & f :om he _h collect$ ! l>ge/ %>e ( 8 eggs1 kept no cr[]s ) 8 h5s4 ,?is ?rew "s light on ! subject1 & /ock on t incubator w5t up at once4 ,! next "t %e _h p>ties save _! eggs = h]1 tak+ !m 9 sev]al times ea* day4 ,%e !n obta9$ a hat* ( n9ety p] c5t1 & 0 uni=mly successful aft]w>ds1 gett+ out "s #c1jjj *icks & ducks dur+ ! season ) h] ma*9e4 ,h[ to ,keep ,eggs = ,incubation4 ,! above is only "o case out ( _m t are con/antly tak+ place4 ,9 n9e cases out ( t51 failure ) good ma*9es may be trac$ directly to ! op]ator or ! eggs4 ,occasionally !re is a defect 9 a ma*9e ov]look$ by ! mak]1 :i* he is 9 honor b\nd to make good4 ,! be/ way to secure good eggs is to engage !m be=eh& f reliable p>ties1 :o w ga!r !m c>efully sev]al times ea* day 9 cold wea!r to prev5t !m *ill+1 & turn !m at lea/ e o!r day4 ,if ^! eggs are kept on end x is n necess>y to turn !m z (t54 ,i h egg boxes = ! purpose1 9 :i* ! eggs are set on end1 l ! common m>ket box4 ,^! boxes & cont5ts c be turn$ z readily ) a doz5 z :5 full4 ,eggs int5d$ = incubation %\ld always be kept 9 a cool place1--duck eggs especially1--z ! f]tile eggs w *ange at a temp]ature ( eighty-five to n9ety degrees1 & spoil )9 ?ree or f\r days4 ,"o may safely calculate on "o-half ( !m be+ spoil$ 9 a week at a temp]ature ( #hj degrees4 ,all k9ds ( eggs c be safely kept ?ree weeks = purposes ( incubation1 say1 at =ty-five to fifty degrees1 ?\gh ,i always l to h !m z fre% z possible4 ,9 fill+ ord]s = eggs at a di/ance ,i make x a po9t nev] to s5d eggs m ?an f\r days old1 or ) less ?an sev5ty-five p] c5t ( f]tility4 ,transportation1 ev5 ov] r\gh roads1 does n affect _! hat*+1 except 9 extreme w>m wea!r1 :5 ! cont5ts1 becom+ ?9 & slightly evaporat$ ?r\gh ! heat1 are apt to mix1 :5 !y w surely cl\d & rot4 ,i h (t5 s5t eggs #b1jjj miles1 ) ! report t e egg produc$ a duckl+4 ,) ma*9e ready & runn+ /eadily ! eggs may be introduc$ at once4 ,!y ne$ no moi/ure n[1 & x is n necess>y to di/urb !m = ! fir/ =ty-eight h\rs4 ,h[ to ,*oose & ,use ,!rmomet]s4 ,place y\r !rmomet] on ! eggs 9 middle ( egg-tray4 ,be sure1 9 ! fir/ place1 t y get a good glass1 z all dep5ds ^u its accuracy4 ,d n use "o ) ! m]cury bulb ly+ ^u a solid metal plate1 z ! refraction ( heat ^u ! plate f ! tank above w always run t glass "o or two degrees high] ?an ! heat 9 ! egg-*amb]1 b get "o1 if possible1 ) a hole 9 ! plate opposite ! bulb1 s t ! heat c play ar\nd ! bulb & ?r\gh ! plate1 giv+ ! correct heat ( eggs & *amb]4 ,d n hang y\r glass up ov] ! eggs1 or put x d[n betwe5 ! eggs1 b lay x on !m1 = ! reason t1 ?\gh ei!r ( ^! positions may be all "r dur+ ! fir/ twelve days ( ! hat* 7if y\r eggs are f]tile71 !y w surely be all wrong dur+ ! la/ "p4 ,i w endeavor to expla9 ?is ?+1 s t ! novice w und]/& h[ important x is4 ,be=e circulation beg9s 9 ! embryo *ick or duck1 & !re is no animal heat 9 ! egg1 ! temp]ature ( ! egg *amb] regulates t ( ! eggs4 ,b aft] circulation beg9s1 & especially dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! hat*1 :5 ! rapidly-develop+ "y bird ?r[s out a great deal ( heat1 ! ?+ is (t5 completely rev]s$4 ,= in/ance1 a glass may be hung "o in* above ! eggs & ano!r plac$ imm$iately on ! eggs b5ea?4 ,! "o above may regi/] #ajb degrees2 ! "o bel[1 on ! eggs1 w regi/] #aje degrees1--conclusively %[+ t ! eggs are n[1 by _! own caloric1 heat+ ! egg-*amb]4 ,i h (t51 dur+ ! la/ "p ( a hat*1 :5 ! !rmomet] 0 rang+ f #gj to #hj degrees outside ( ma*9e1 plac$ a glass on ! hotte/ "p ( ! boil]1 :]e b "o lamp 0 dimly burn+1 c>efully cov]+ ! glass4 ,9 t position x w\ld regi/] p]haps #if to #ih degrees1 :ile a glass inside ! ma*9e1 & on ! eggs1 w\ld regi/] #ajc degrees1 prov+ beyond a d\bt t ! eggs1 by _! own caloric1 7 n only heat+ ! egg-*amb]1 b contribut+ _! quota t[>ds heat+ ! wat] 9 ! tank4 ,n[1 :o w pret5d to say t a glass hang+ above ! eggs w give ! correct heat ( ! egg aft] circulation beg9s4 ,s t1 ev5 9 cold wea!r1 ! am\nt ( oil consum$ dur+ ! la/ week ( ! hat* is less ?an half ! am\nt requir$ dur+ ! fir/ "p4 ,! op]ator mu/ n expect ! eggs to heat up at once4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y w cool ! air 9 ! egg-*amb] v s5sibly1 ?\gh !y w n affect ! heat ( ! wat] 9 ! tank4 ,x w be f five to eight h\rs be=e !y arrive at _! normal heat4 ,h[ to ,turn ,eggs4 ,at ! end ( =ty-eight h\rs !y may be turn$4 ,?is %\ld be done by ga!r+ up ! eggs at ! end ( egg-tray & plac+ !m ^u ! eggs 9 c5tre ( ! tray1 roll+ ! c5tre ones back to ! end ( ! tray4 ,! tray %\ld be rev]s$1 & ! same ?+ done to ! o!r end4 ,x is n necess>y t ! eggs %\ld be completely rev]s$1--simply *ange ! position1 roll+ ov] "o-half or "o-?ird4 ,! egg-trays %\ld always be turn$ end = end1 & *ang$ f end to c5tre ( ma*9e4 ,?is is necess>y 9 case !re %\ld n be a uni=m heat 9 egg-*amb]1 z x w equalize matt]s1 &1 9 a measure1 obviate ! difficulty4 ,n[1 all ?is1 ?\gh x takes "s "t to describe x1 c be done v quickly1 requir+ only a few mom5ts = ea* ma*9e4 ,i usually all[ ab\t t5 m9utes = ea* #a1jjj eggs1 ?\gh x c be done mu* quick] if "o is 9 a hurry4 ,i am (t5 reque/$ by p to put 9 pat5t automatic egg-turn+ trays 9 my ma*9es1 x w\ld s simplify matt]s4 ,i reply3 ,s x w\ld2 & :5 y c produce a ma*9e ) a p]fect uni=mity ( heat 9 ! egg-*amb]1 ,i %\ld be mo/ happy to use an automatic tray1 b ,i h nev] yet se5 t ma*9e4 ,9 our own d\ble-cas$ ,mon>*1 9 cold wea!r1 !re is at lea/ "o degree diff]5ce betwe5 ! end & c5tre ( egg-tray4 ,9 s+le-cas$ ma*9es ?is diff]5ce mu/ be l>gely increas$1 & 9 automatic trays ! eggs mu/ necess>ily rema9 :]e !y are plac$ ?r\gh ! entire hat*4 ,n[1 "u ^! conditions1 if ! heat is "r 9 ! c5tre ( trays x mu/ be all wrong 9 ! ends4 ,! hat* w be protract$ long aft] ! prop] "t1 & if ^? on ! ends ( trays come out at all x w be =ty-eight h\rs beh9d "t & ) weak5$ con/itutions1 keep+ "o 9 con/ant /ir ) _! sickly pla9ts4 ,x is ne$less to say t !re is a great mortality among birds ( t description1 & at ! end ( t5 days !y are usually among ! ?+s t 74 ,hat*+ ! ,eggs4 ,! next ?+ is te/+ ! eggs4 ,?is matt] is ess5tial z well z economical1 ) bo? h5s & incubators4 ,i once knew a man :o ran a six hundr$-egg ma*9e = ?ree weeks on "o f]tile egg4 ,! o!r #eii prov$ inf]tile1 & he did n "k x until !y refus$ to hat* at ! end ( ?ree weeks--a great wa/e ( oil1 b a great] wa/e ( "t1--?ree :ole weeks 9 ! be/ "p ( ! season4 ,ano!r man kept =ty h5s sitt+ ?ree weeks ) an av]age ( "o f]tile egg to ea* bird1 :5 ?ree ( !m c\ld h done all ! hat*+ j z well1 & !n1 at ! end ( f\r days1 c\ld h _h ! re/ put ^u bett] eggs4 ,a great wa/e ( h5 p[]1 y w say1 ) "t lo/1 toge!r ) =ty doz5 eggs1 :i* w\ld h be5 j z good = table use _h !y be5 te/$ out 9 f\r days4 ,x (t5 happ5s 9 ! w9t]1 :5 eggs are apt to be inf]tile1 t1 aft] te/+ ! cont5ts ( f\r trays1 !y c be conta9$ 9 ?ree1 :5 ! o!r c be fill$ ) fre% eggs4 ,"h is :]e ! advantage ( adju/able trays comes 94 ,(t5 ! op]ator runn+ a l>ge ma*9e has n eggs en\gh to fill x )\t a "p ( ! eggs becom+ v old1 & also los+ t5 or twelve days ( valuable "t2 ) ! adju/able tray1 eggs c be introduc$ at any "t1 & ! same heat pres]v$ on all4 ,i usually te/ duck eggs at ! end ( ! ?ird day4 ,! f]tile g]m is !n pla9ly visible1 & ! eggs c be pass$ be=e ! light1 sev]al at a "t4 ,! novice _h bett] po/pone ! op]ation till ! f\r? day1 :5 he1 too1 w h no tr\ble 9 detect+ ! g]m4 ,! same rule w hold good ) all :ite eggs1 b d>k-br[n eggs %\ld n be te/$ till ! six? or sev5? day4 ,?is c be done mu* soon]1 b a l>ge ma*9e full _c be te/$ 9 a m9ute1 & ! eggs %\ld be f> en\gh advanc$ s t ! op]ator c take two or ?ree 9 8 h& at once1 & pass+ !m be=e ! flame1 readily detect ! g]m4 ,i nev] use a te/] = duck eggs1 z a simple flame is suffici5t1 ! egg be+ transluc5t4 ,dur+ ! fir/ /ages ( incubation ! g]m is v di/9ct1 ev5 at ! ?ird day4 ,! cle> eggs are res]v$ = family use or dispos$ ( to bak]s4 ,an exp]t _c di/+ui% !m f a fre%-laid egg1 ei!r 9 ta/e or appe>ance4 ,!re is usually a small p]c5tage ( ! eggs t are slightly f]tiliz$1 9 :i* ! g]m w die dur+ ! second or ?ird day4 ,^! c be readily detect$ at ! end ( ! fif? day1 & %\ld be tak5 f ! ma*9e1 & res]v$ z food = ! "y duckl+s4 ,ano!r & pot5t reason :y all inf]tile eggs1 & ^? ) dead *icks 9 !m1 %\ld be tak5 out ( ! ma*9e1 is t aft] ! circulation beg9s 9 ! egg1 especially dur+ ! la/ "p ( ! hat*1 ! temp]ature ( a live egg is sev]al degrees high] ?an t ( a dead "o4 ,! "o radiates heat1 ! o!r absorbs x2 s t if ! op]ator is runn+ 8 ma*9e #ajb degrees1 ) 8 glass on a dead egg1 he may be all unconsci\sly runn+ x at #ajd or #aje degrees on a live "o4 ,i _h a lett] f a man "s "t ago /at+ t 8 !rmomet]s 7 develop+ /range freaks1--t ?\gh !y regi/]$ ! same :ile 9 wat]1 at #ajc degrees1 :5 ly+ on ! eggs a few in*es f ea* o!r 9 ! ma*9e1 !y 7 sev]al degrees ap>t1 & wi%+ to "k by :i* he %\ld run1 ! high] or l[]4 ,i wrote him t 8 glasses 7 all "r1 & t he 0 ! "o at fault1 & _h he foll[$ in/ructions & te/$ 8 eggs he w\ld h _h no su* tr\ble4 ,he wrote t z 8 ma*9e 0 n q full1 & z he _h pl5ty ( room1 he neglect$ to te/ !m1 ?9k+ x w\ld make no diff]5ce4 ,i d n propose "h to give my exp]i5ce1 toge!r ) ! _m exp]im5ts made dur+ ! la/ tw5ty ye>s1 b %all aim to give ! read] simple in/ructions = hat*+ & gr[+ ducks = m>ket & selection ( bre$+ /ock4 ,i w\ld say "h t ! fir/ ?+ = ! op]ator to le>n 9 turn+ ! eggs is to d x c>efully & well1 )\t break+ or unnecess>ily j>r+ !m2 & !n1 to d x z quickly z possible1 especially if done 9 a cold atmosph]e1 s z n to d]ange ! heat 9 ! egg-*amb]4 ,! next ?+ is to ma9ta9 z ev5 a temp]ature z possible dur+ ! hat*4 ,i d n ?9k t a v>iation ( "o degree is at all detrim5tal4 ,b diff]5t p h diff]5t ideas ( regul>ity4 ,a man :o did n h a fir/-class hat*1 wrote me t he _h kept ! ma*9e "r to bus9ess1 z x _h run betwe5 #ij & #aaj degrees dur+ ! entire hat*4 ,ano!r man wrote t 8 ma*9e _h be5 z l[ z #ajj degrees1 & once up to #ajc degrees1 & wi%+ to "k if ,i ?\ght x w\ld be fatal to 8 hat*4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z accuracy 9 ! composition ( "s m51 ?+s are run hap-haz>d1 failure & mis=tune are always attribut$ to conditions1 circum/ances1 or h>d luck1--nev] to !mselves1--& 9 case ( a poor hat*1 always ! incubator4 ,in/ructions g = no?+ ) !m4 ,an ent]pris+ incubator mak] told me "o day t he believ$ t ! _w 0 compos$ ( cranks & fools 7at lea/ ! p\ltry "p ( x74 ,! "o-half did n "k any?+1 :ile ! o!r half _h all t 0 wor? kn[+ & despis$ all in/ructions & common-s5se4 ,9 runn+ y\r ma*9e1 ! fir/ /ep is to set x level & see t ! glasses regi/] alike 9 bo? ends ( ! ma*9e4 ,next1 procure good oil1 #aej te/ 7z poor oil w necessitate frequ5t trimm+1 besides cru/+ ! wick74 ,d n use m flame ?an is necess>y1 z x w only be a wa/e ( oil1 & ) "s ma*9es w increase ! v5tilation1 & at ! same "t decrease ! moi/ure4 ,be regul> 9 bo? fill+ lamps & trimm+ !m1 z irregul>ity frequ5tly involves =getfulness1 & t sometimes means disa/] to ! hat*4 ,9 trimm+1 x is well to turn on ! same am\nt ( flame 9 relight+ y\r lamp z x _h previ\sly4 ,9 ! ,mon>* ,incubator ?is requir$ am\nt c readily be se5 at once by ! action ( ! regulat+ b>4 ,x in=ms ! op]ator j :5 he has en\gh1--:5 too mu* & :5 too little4 ,keep bo? lamps & *imneys clean1 & h /at$ p]iods = turn+ y\r eggs1 :i* %\ld be done twice ea* day4 ,z ,i said be=e1 an egg-te/] is n requir$ ) duck eggs1 z !y are s transp>5t t ! :ole process c be pla9ly se5 )\t 9 ! flame ( a common k]os5e lamp4 ,if a duck egg is c>efully exam9$1 aft] be+ subject$ to a heat ( #ajb degrees = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 a small d>k spot w be se5 ab\t ! size ( a l>ge p9-head4 ,?is little spot1 if ! egg is gradually turn$1 w always float ov] ! upp] surface ( ! egg4 ,?is is ! life g]m1 & ! fir/ indication ( f]tility 9 ! egg1 & is repres5t$ 9 ,figure #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #a4--,,%[+ ,,fir/ ,,indication ,,( ,,f]tility4 ,at ! end ( =ty-eight h\rs ?is d>k spot w h ne>ly d\bl$ its size1 & a fa9t haze w appe> ar\nd its edges a %ade d>k] ?an ! surr\nd+ cont5ts ( ! egg4 ,?is haze is ! fir/ appe>ance ( ! blood ve9s radiat+ out f ! g]m4 ,figure #b %[s h[ ! egg appe>s at ?is /age ) ! air-cell slightly enl>g$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #b4--;,,egg ,,at ,,end ,,( #dh ,,h\rs4 ,at ! end ( ! ?ird day ! d>k spot1 :i* is ! he>t ( ! embryo duck1 c /ill be se52 b n s di/9ctly1 because a d>k circle "s ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* 9 diamet] w n[ appe> 9 ! upp] surface ( ! egg1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* ! d>k spot is visible4 ,?is circle is sev]al %ades d>k] ?an ! re/ ( ! egg1 & no matt] h[ ! egg is turn$ w always float 9 its upp] surface4 ,figure #c repres5ts ! egg at ?is /age1 ) its enl>g$ air-cell4 ,figure #d repres5ts ! egg z x appe>s at ! end ( ! f\r? day4 ,! circle surr\nd+ & inclos+ ! g]m w h ne>ly d\bl$ 9 size1 & is ( a /ill d>k] hue2 inde$1 ! :ole cont5ts ( ! egg is p]ceptibly d>k5$4 ,if ! egg is brok5 c>efully at ?is date a delicate trac]y ( ve9s w be f\nd to h envelop$ ! entire yolk ( ! egg1 all orig9at+ f ! c5tre or he>t ( ! embryo2 ! pulsations ( :i* 7if ! %ell is remov$7 c n[ be pla9ly se5 ) ! nak$ eye4 ,?is net "w ( ve9s _c be pla9ly se5 ) a common lamp1 b ) a p[]ful glass are v di/9ct4 ,?is latt] is n at all necess>y 9 te/+ ! egg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #c4--;,,egg ,,at ,,end ,,( #gb ,,h\rs4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #d4--;,,egg ,,at ,,end ,,( #if ,,h\rs4 ,! discov]y & locations ( ! m9ute organisms may be int]e/+ to ! sci5ti/1 b n at all necess>y to ! op]ator1 :o simply wants to be assur$ ( ! life & heal? ( ! g]m4 ,?is he c readily det]m9e f ! increas$ size & gradual developm5t ( ! circle2 x1 & ! cont5ts ( ! egg1 n[ assume a d>k] %ade4 ,up to ?is "t ,i use no moi/ure1 & ! cont5ts ( ! eggs h gradually evaporat$ & ! air-cell proportionately enl>g$4 ,?is air-cell is slightly enl>g$ till ! t5? day1 :5 no fur!r evaporation %\ld take place4 ,ab\t ?ree days be=e hat*+ ! rapidly develop+ duck w gradually dim9i% ! size ( ! air-cell1 leav+ himself j room en\gh to "w out4 ,nature1 9 ! case ( ! old h51 provides = h] own cont+5cies1 :ile we mu/ resort to art to obta9 ! same conditions4 ,:ile incubat+ "u ! h5 dur+ ! fir/ few days1 ! egg evaporates rapidly4 ,!n ! pores gradually become coat$ ) an oily secretion f ! fea!rs ( ! h5 until evaporation ceases4 ,n[1 we _c successfully fill ! pores ( ! eggs1 x is too delicate an op]ation to attempt2 b we c easily obta9 ! same conditions 9 ano!r way1 & t is to prev5t ! fur!r evaporation ( ! egg by vaporiz+ wat] 9 ! egg-*amb]1 s t evaporation w n take place4 ,exactly :5 ?is %\ld be done is already kn[n1 b exactly h[ mu* is q ano!r ?+1 & dep5ds l>gely ^u ! conditions ( ! atmosph]e outside4 ,! po9t is ?is3 ! humidity inside ! egg-*amb] mu/ be ! same1 :atev] ! conditions are outside4 ,if y\r ma*9e is 9 a w>m1 dry room1 heat$ by a fire1 f> m evaporat+ surface w be requir$ ?an 9 a cool1 dry cell>1 = ! reason t wat] vaporizes j 9 proportion to its heat2 & z ! circulat+ pipes ^u :i* ! wat]-pans re/ mu/ necess>ily be mu* w>m] 9 a cold room ?an 9 a w>m "o1 ( c\rse m surface mu/ be expos$ 9 a w>m ?an 9 a cold "o4 ,! op]ator w always h to use 8 judgm5t m or less 9 t4 ,x may p]plex ! novice some:at1 b x is easily und]/ood :5 "o becomes accu/om$ to x4 ,z a rule1 9 our ma*9es1 we introduce "o moi/ure pan ab\t ! #ah? day = bo? duck's & h5's eggs4 ,x makes "s diff]5ce :e!r a ma*9e is run 9 a humid atmosph]e ne> ! sea%ore or 9 a dry1 r>ifi$ atmosph]e at an altitude 9 ! c\ntry4 ,figure #e repres5ts ! egg at ! end ( ! fif? day1 ! circle enl>g$1 %ad$ d>k] 9 color2 ! :ole egg be+ slightly d>k] 9 hue4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #e4--;,,egg ,,at ,,end ,,( #abj ,,h\rs4 ,figure #f1 at ! end ( ! six? day1 %[s /ill m pla9ly ! g]m und]go+ a gradual *ange 9 ! egg1 enl>g+ & assum+ a d>k] hue4 ,! outl9e ( ! circle is n[ gradually acquir+ ! =m ( an ellipse1 & 9 a live embryo ! l9e ( dem>kation %\ld be di/9ct4 ,if x is at all wavy & irregul> 9 its outl9e1 & in/ead1 rema9+ intact1 ! cont5ts ( ?is ellipse %[ a disposition to assimilate ) ! surr\nd+ liquids :5 ! egg is revolv$1 x c be safely remov$ z a dead duck4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #f4--;,,egg ,,at ,,end ,,( #add ,,h\rs4 ,figure #g repres5ts a dead embryo1 z x w appe> f ! sev5? to ! twelf? day4 ,! g]m be+ sep>at$ & appe>+ 9 d>k irregul> blot*es ov] ! entire surface ( ! egg2 ! egg hav+ become ne>ly opaque ov] its entire surface4 ,at ?is /age ! egg1 if x has n already become s1 w soon be v (f5sive4 ,^! %\ld be remov$ at once & h&l$ c>efully ! :ile1 z !y are apt to explode & unpleasant consequ5ces ensue4 ,! op]ator %\ld run no risks1 z discoloration on ! outside %ell ( a duck egg is a sure sign ( decay1 & !y c safely be tak5 f ! ma*9e4 ,!re are always a c]ta9 numb] ( duck eggs 7especially dur+ ! mon? ( ,augu/ & ! latt] "p ( ,july7 t h ! appe>ance ( f]tility dur+ ! fir/ ?ree or f\r days ( ! hat*1 b d n possess vitality en\gh to c>ry !m ?r\gh4 ,^! die at all /ages ( ! hat*2 nei!r op]ator nor ma*9e is responsible = !m4 ,?is is caus$ by ! condition ( ! "m bird4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #g4--;,a ,,dead ,,embryo4 ,9 ord] to economize ! room ?us made by ! removal ( ! f]tile eggs1 ,i run a small #aej-;egg ma*9e1 9 connection ) tw5ty-"o ( ! l>ge/ size1 us+ x1 z x 71 z a t5d]4 ,:5 fill+ "o ( ! l>g] ma*9es1 ,i always fill "o tray 9 ! small] "o s t :5 ! eggs 9 ! l>ge "o are te/$1 aft] ! ?ird day1 !re w usually be eggs en\gh 9 ! small tray to replace ^? remov$ z inf]tile1 s t ! l>ge ma*9es are kept full dur+ ! entire hat* by ! little "o4 ,?us ! small ma*9e is made to accompli% f> m ?an x w\ld 7 x run ?r\gh ! hat*4 ,i am ?us enabl$ to h a hat* come (f ne>ly e day1 consequ5tly our eggs are nev] old] ?an t :5 introduc$ into ! ma*9e4 ,always date ea* day's quota ( eggs--keep !m by !mselves1 !n !re w be no mi/akes made4 ,i h kn[n p>ties to keep "o g5]al receptacle = _! eggs1 & :5 fill+ _! ma*9e take !m f ! top1 :ile ! bottom ones 7 nev] di/urb$1 n ev5 turn$1 & ( c\rse soon became wor?less = any purpose4 ,figure #h d5otes ! appe>ance ( ! egg dur+ ! eigh? day ( incubation4 ,if portions ( ! %ell are c>efully remov$ at ?is /age1 ! rudim5t>y inte/9es may be pla9ly se51 toge!r ) ! gradual developm5t ( ! beak & eyes1 z well z ! trembl+ ( ! pulsat+ art]ies ?r\gh ! :ole embryo4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #h4--;,,egg ,,aft] #aib ,,h\rs4 ,at ?is /age ! op]ator %\ld m>k all d\btful eggs & return !m to ! ma*9e1 z he w f9d pl5ty ( room !re4 ,he w soon become exp]t1 & c detect life & dea? 9 ! g]m at a glance4 ,exp]i5ce alone w give ! op]ator an insight into ?is bus9ess4 ,! incipi5t /ages ( decay1 ?\gh easily detect$ by ! exp]t1 _c be intellig5tly describ$ by him4 ,! application ( a little heat = ! %ort space ( tw5ty days to an in]t mass1 develop+ x into active1 intellig5t life1 is simply wond]ful4 ,! process & effect he c easily describe1 b ! procreative p[] beh9d x all is beyond 8 k54 ,%\ld a little duckl+ be tak5 f ! %ell on ! ?irte5? or f\rte5? day x w resemble ,figure #i4 ,x w kick & /ruggle sev]al mom5ts aft] its removal4 ,! yolk is n yet absorb$1 b ! process is j beg9n+ & w cont9ue until ! tw5ty-f\r? day1 :5 x w be ne>ly absorb$4 ,! egg1 f ! f\rte5? day rapidly assumes a d>k] hue4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #i4 ,! extremities ( ! little bird gradually develop1 ! fea!rs gr[1 & at ! tw5tie? day ! egg is opaque4 ,at ?is /age ! embryo w endure great] extremes ( heat or cold ?an at ! e>li] /age ( ! hat*4 ,i %\ld n advise ! op]ator to presume ^u ?is1 h[ev]1 b j make ! conditions z favorable z he c1 s t ! little bird w h ! /r5g? to free himself f ! %ell4 ,i ne$ n say t ?is is ! mo/ critical "t dur+ ! :ole process1 & matt]s %\ld be made z favorable = ! little duckl+ z possible4 ,ab\t ! tw5ty-f\r? day he w be already to break ! %ell1 b1 unlike ! *ick1 :o w make 8 way out ( ! %ell a few h\rs aft] he has pipp$1 ! duckl+ w lay = =ty-eight h\rs be=e he is ready to come out4 ,at ?is "t !re %\ld be pl5ty ( moi/ure 9 ! egg-*amb]1 = %\ld ! orifice or brok5 p>ts become dry1 & ! little duckl+1 9 consequ5ce1 be atta*$ to ! inside l9+ s t he _c turn1 he c nev] get out )\t help4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #aj4 ,:5 ! hat* is well und]way a little m air %\ld be all[$ to circulate 9 ! egg-*amb]1 & a "p ( ! evaporat+ surface c be remov$1 = z ea* duckl+ makes its appe>ance he becomes a little sponge1 until dri$ (f1 & furni%es pl5ty ( moi/ure = ! ma*9e4 ,:5 ne>ly dri$ (f ! duckl+ %\ld be dropp$ into ! nurs]y bel[ ! egg-trays4 ,:ile hat*+1 ! eggs %\ld be kept pipp$ side up 9 ! trays1 z ! birds sometimes get smo!r$ :5 ! orifice is und]nea?4 ,! dry birds %\ld be dropp$ bel[ ab\t once 9 f\r h\rs1 =1 if all[$ to accumulate1 !y w roll ! egg upside d[n1 cr[d ! egg-%ells ov] ! pipp$ eggs1 or pile !mselves ov] ! egg1 smo!r+ ! "y birds4 ,?is "w %\ld be done v quickly1 s z n to d]ange ! temp]ature ( ! ma*9e4 ,be sure to keep ! heat up 9 y\r ma*9e1 = its t5d5cy is always to g d[n dur+ hat*+1 = ! reason t ! egg radiates a great deal ( heat1 :ile ! little duckl+1 ) its woolly cov]+ 7:i* is a non-conductor71 reta9s x4 ,_m p advocate all[+ ! little fl$gl+s to rema9 ) ! eggs until all are hat*$1 b ?is is all wrong1 n only = ! above reasons1 b = "o :i* is f> m important ?an ei!r4 ,! am\nt ( heat requisite to hat* ! eggs is too mu* = ! "y birds already hat*$ & dri$ (f4 ,) *amb] at #ajb degrees1 !y w be se5 cr[d+ ar\nd ! sides ( ma*9e ) _! little bills wide op51 gasp+ = brea?1 :51 _h !y be5 plac$ bel[1 ! prop] temp]ature c be ma9ta9$ 9 bo?1 z ! bottom ( ma*9e runs at lea/ five degrees l[] ?an ! egg-trays4 ,be sure & ,foll[ ,in/ructions4 ,ano!r f]tile s\rce ( tr\ble is remov+ duckl+s f ma*9e1 putt+ !m beh9d ! /ove1 or some:]e else to dry (f4 ,= e fifte5 birds remov$1 ! heat 9 egg-*amb] is r$uc$ at lea/ "o degree1 z y are remov+ s _m little /oves1 & if ! ma*9e is n gaug$ high]1 to correspond ) ! numb] ( duckl+s tak5 out1 ! result w be fatal to ! unhat*$ eggs4 ,i correspond$ a :ole summ] ) "o man on ?is v po9t be=e ,i f\nd out :at he 0 do+4 ,he said he _h nev] be5 able to get out m ?an fifty p] c5t4 ( f]tile eggs4 ,8 ma*9e ran spl5didly until 8 *icks 7 ab\t half hat*$1 :5 x w\ld drop d[n to #ij degrees1 & ! re/ w\ld die 9 ! %ell1 aft] !y 7 ne>ly all pipp$4 ,at la/ a lett] came f him /at+ t he _h j _h a worse exp]i5ce ?an ev]4 ,he _h a mo/ promis+ hat* ( ?ree hundr$ f]tile eggs1 ne>ly all ( :i* 7 pipp$1 & t1 aft] a little m ?an half 7 hat*$1 he took !m out z usual1 ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty 9 numb]1 & put !m beh9d ! /ove to dry (f1 & 8 ma*9e dropp$ to #ij degrees at once1 & n ano!r *ick came out4 ,! cat 0 out ( ! bag4 ,i wrote him at once t = e fifte5 *icks he _h tak5 out he _h tak5 "o degree ( heat f 8 ma*9e1 & _h he foll[$ in/ructions he w\ld n h suff]$ loss4 ,he wrote back t he _h %ut up 8 ma*9e = ! season1 b t he %\ld run x "o m hat* j to prove t ,i 0 wrong4 ,at ! end ( ?ree weeks a lett] 0 receiv$ say+1 ,i t5d] y my hat4 ,i got a spl5did hat* ( #hh-a_/b p] c5t4 ,prov+ t occasionally !re is dang] ( ! op]ator kn[+ too mu*4 ,aft] ! duckl+s are all out1 ! egg-trays %\ld be remov$1 ! valves op5$1 & ! ma*9e cool$ d[n to #ij degrees1 & ! birds all[$ to rema9 9 ! ma*9e = at lea/ tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,i always cov] ! bottom ( ma*9e ) an in* ( f9e :eat-bran1 o!rwise ! duckl+s w\ld soon make x fil?y & (f5sive4 ,?is acts bo? z absorb5t & dis9fectant4 ,aft] ea* hat* !re w be m or less f]tile eggs left 9 ! trays ) dead duckl+s 9 !m4 ,!re w be1 comp>atively1 b few ( ^! 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 b dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! summ] !re w be m ( !m1 & _m ( ! eggs w h b little vitality 9 !m4 ,=c+ ! ,bird ,r$uces ! ,vitality ( ! ,egg4 ,! reason is ?is3 ! bird 9 its natural condition does n produce h] eggs 9 our climate until ,april4 ,%e w lay tw5ty-five to ?irty eggs1 !n %[ a desire to incubate1 !n w recup]ate1 & set a second "t1 p]haps giv+ a total ( ?irty-five or =ty eggs4 ,n[1 we h completely rev]s$ nature 9 ?is respect4 ,by judici\s fe$+1 good c>e1 w>m qu>t]s1 & c>eful bre$+1 we h induc$ ! bird to produce h] eggs 9 w9t] in/ead ( summ]1 &1 n only t1 we compel h] to lay ?ree or f\r times z _m ( !m2 & :5 ! poor bird %[s a desire to incubate & recup]ate h] exhau/$ frame1 we induce a *ange ( m9d1 z soon z possible1 & set h] at x aga94 ,z a natural consequ5ce1 z ! w>m season advances _m ( ! birds are (f duty1 z x 71 & ! eggs n only decrease 9 numb]s b 9 size z well1 & dur+ ! extreme heat ( summ]1 ! lat] "p ( ,july & ,augu/ especially1 ! eggs %[ a decid$ want ( vitality4 ,i nev] expect1 at ?is season1 to realize m ?an "o duckl+ f two eggs4 ,! same ma*9e full ( eggs t w\ld give a hat* ( #cej duckl+s 9 ! e>ly spr+1 at ?is season w n give m ?an #age to #bjj4 ,! eggs appe> to be z well f]tiliz$ dur+ ! fir/ two or ?ree days z 9 ! e>ly spr+ b evid5tly !re is n vitality en\gh to c>ry !m ?r\gh1 z ! g]ms soon beg9 to die1 & be=e ! hat* is out y h tak5 ne>ly "o-half ( ! eggs away z wor?less4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,!re is always a f> great] mortality among ! lat] hat*$ birds ?an 9 ^? got out e>li]4 ,!y are m unev5 9 appe>ance1 & nev] atta9 ! size ( ^? hat*$ e>li] 9 ! season1--conv9c+ evid5ce t ! old birds h transmitt$ _! enfeebl$1 debilitat$ con/itutions ?r\gh ! egg to ! "y ones4 ,! natural laws ( cause & effect are pla9ly repres5t$ "h4 ,i h tri$ repeat$ly to ov]come ?is difficulty by *ang+ ! fe$ & qu>t]s ( ! old birds1 divid+ _! numb]s1 b )\t effect4 ,?is %[s ! absolute necessity ( select+ l>ge1 vigor\s bre$+ /ock4 ,?is pr9ciple applies equally to bo? l& & wat] f[l4 ,! ,absolute ,necessity ( ,good ,bre$+ ,/ock4 ,debilitat$1 deg5]ate /ock w n produce heal?y & vigor\s "y4 ,?is is a prime cause ( failure ) _m ( our p\ltry bre$]s4 ,!y say t !y _c af=d to bre$ f _! e>ly-hat*$ /ock4 ,!y are wor? too mu* 9 ! m>ket1 s !y are s5t to ! %ambles1 & _! own]s bre$ f ! lat]-hat*$1 inf]ior birds4 ,a few ye>s practice ( ?is k9d soon deg5]ates ! /ock s t y w h>dly recognize ! orig9al 9 x1 & bo? birds & eggs are n only ?us1 b a v small p] c5t4 ( ^? eggs c be induc$ to hat*1 & no am\nt ( pett+ & coax+ c induce ^? t are hat*$ to live4 ,e "y bre$] ( p\ltry %\ld in=m himself ( ^! facts be=e he />ts 91 = no liv+ man c af=d to bre$ f inf]ior /ock4 ,i pass$ ?r\gh exp]i5ces ( ?is k9d _m ye>s ago1 & always f\nd t ! laws ( primog5iture _c be lightly set aside4 ,i inv>iably select ! *oice/ ( my e>ly hat*$ birds = bre$+ /ock1 & no matt] h[ high ! price 9 m>ket1 ,i _c af=d to sell !m4 ,a g5tleman1 :o is a l>ge bre$]1 said to me ! pa/ spr+3 ,h[ is x t y\r ducks are s mu* l>g] ?an m9e8 ,i b\ght /ock f y f\r ye>s ago1 & h be5 bre$+ f x ev] s9ce1 & n[ y\r birds are six or eight p\nds p] pair heavi] ?an m9e4 ,true1 b y b\ght my late/-hat*$ birds1 because !y 7 *eap1 & h be5 bre$+ f y\r late/-hat*$ birds ev] s9ce1 :ile ,i h be5 bre$+ only f ! *oice/ ( my e>ly birds4 ,y h be5 /eadily bre$+ y\r /ock d[n1 :ile ,i h be5 bre$+ m9e up4 ,!re is n[ a wide gap betwe5 !m4 ,c>+ = ! ,duckl+s :5 ,hat*$4 ,! little duckl+s %\ld be left 9 ! ma*9e = at lea/ tw5ty-f\r h\rs long]4 ,be sure & op5 ! air-valves & give !m pl5ty ( air1 s t !y may be well dri$ (f4 ,a uni=m heat ( #ij degrees %\ld be held 9 ! egg-*amb]4 ,! out] doors ( ! ma*9e %\ld be clos$ & ! little fell[s kept 9 d>kness ! fir/ twelve h\rs4 ,aft] t ! out] doors %\ld be let d[n4 ,!n y w see "s fun1 = ! little duckl+s are f> m active ?an *icks1 & w beg9 to play at once4 ,9 ! meantime ! brood+-h\se %\ld be prep>$ = ! reception ( ! "y brood4 ,! heat %\ld be />t$ "s tw5ty-f\r h\rs previ\s to use4 ,! brood+-h\se %\ld be ! same :e!r y are gr[+ on a small scale or a l>ge "o1 ) simply ! l5g? proportion$ to y\r ne$s4 ,b always recollect t heat %\ld radiate f above on y\r duckl+s1 z bottom heat w soon cripple !m 9 ! legs & r5d] !m helpless4 ,9 fact1 ,i d n consid] bottom heat z ess5tial ev5 = *icks4 ,! mo/ successful gr[] ,i "k (1 :o gr[s #c1jjj *icks ea* spr+1 gett+ !m all out betwe5 ,janu>y #a/ & ,m>* #a/1 & closes up ! :ole bus9ess by ,july #a/1 uses top heat exclusively4 ,he has exp]im5t$ fairly ) bo?1 & says he wants no m bottom heat4 ,if ! bre$] is gr[+ on a small scale x w be economy = him to use brood]s in/ead ( a heat]4 ,figure #aa repres5ts ! be/ duck brood] ,i "k (4 ,z !re is no pat5t on x anyone c make x :o has ! conv5i5ces4 ,?is brood] is six & a half feet long by ?ree feet wide1 & w accommodate #aej duckl+s4 ,^! brood]s are ( ! mo/ improv$ con/ruction1 are int5d$ = bo? indoor & outdoor "w1 keep+ ! "y ducks dry & w>m 9 cold1 /ormy wea!r1 ev5 :5 locat$ out ( doors4 ,! heat is g5]at$ 9 copp] boil]s1 ! wat] fl[+ ?r\gh a galvaniz$ iron tank1 "u :i* ! "y duckl+s hov]4 ,?is tank is five feet long1 twelve in*es wide1 & ab\t an in* ?ick1 & is hung ab\t eight in*es f ends & back ( brood]1 leav+ ne>ly eighte5 in*es 9 front ! entire l5g? ( brood]1 9 :i* to fe$ ! fir/ day or two4 ,! case ( ?is brood] is made ( mat*$ bo>ds & ?or\ghly v5tilat$ & furni%$ ) glass doors to admit light4 ,?is brood] %\ld be us$ 9 ! brood+-h\se dur+ w9t] & e>ly spr+1 aft] :i* x c be us$ to bett] advantage out ( doors4 ,illu/ration3 ,,figure #aa4--;,,brood]4 ,let x be und]/ood t a good brood] is1 next to ! incubator1 ! mo/ important ?+ 9 ! bus9ess4 ,x is worse ?an useless to get out l>ge hat*es ( /rong1 heal?y birds1 only to h !m smo!r$ or *ill$ 9 wor?less brood]s4 ,numb]s ( ! pat5t brood]s n[ on ! m>ket are made by m5 :o nev] rais$ a *ick or duck 9 _! lives1 & are regul> fire & dea? traps4 ,_m in/ances h come "u my p]sonal notice :]e n only ducks1 *icks1 & brood]s1 b ! build+s !mselves h be5 entirely consum$ by ^! fire traps4 ,aga91 ^? brood]s are always rat$ = high] ?an _! actual capacity4 ,ignorant p>ties buy !m1 fill !m up accord+ to in/ructions1 :5 a sad mortality is sure to foll[ f ov]cr[d+ & consequ5t ov]heat+4 ,?is is especially ! case ) *icks4 ,duckl+s nev] smo!r ea* o!r f ov]cr[d+1 b1 ( c\rse1 w n ?rive :5 too closely pack$4 ,^! #aej-;duck brood]s c be run at an exp5se ( two c5ts p] day = oil4 ,9 extreme cold wea!r artificial heat %\ld be kept up 9 ^! brood]s = ?ree weeks2 9 w>m wea!r1 a week is suffici5t4 ,! same brood]s c be us$ ov] & ov] z fa/ z ! new hat*es come out4 ,:5 brood]s are remov$1 clos$ boxes c be us$ in/ead4 ,:5 ! op]ator does bus9ess l>ge en\gh to require ! use ( five or six brood]s1 x w\ld be *eap] = him to put 9 a heat] at once1 z ! orig9al co/ ( ! heat] w\ld be less ?an t ( ! brood]s4 ,ye>s ago1 :5 ! "q ( heat]s 0 fir/ agitat$1 ! co/ 0 enorm\s1 & ! consumption ( coal 9 proportion4 ,l>ge hot-h\se boil]s 7 us$1 (t5 at a co/ ( sev]al hundr$ doll>s be=e ! ?+ 0 ready = use4 ,n[ a good heat+ sy/em c be arrang$ = a build+ "o hundr$ feet long at an exp5se n exce$+ #ajj4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 w\ld be mu* less ?an a complem5t ( brood]s = ! same build+4 ,advantages ( ! ,heat+ ,sy/em4 ,! heat+ sy/em has sev]al m>k$ advantages ov] ! brood]s4 ,"o is1 t dur+ ! extreme cold ( w9t] ! build+ is always w>m en\gh = ! little birds1 :ile ) no?+ b brood]s x w\ld (t5 freeze ar\nd !m1 necessitat+ fe$+ inside ! brood]s1 :i* w\ld n be z heal?y = ! duckl+s4 ,aga9 !re w\ld be a great sav+ ( labor1 z a self-regulat+ heat] w\ld require no m c>e ?an a s+le brood]1 :ile ! oil consum$ 9 ! brood]s w\ld fully equal ! co/ ( coal requir$ = ! heat]4 ,!re is "o po9t "h :i* ! beg9n] %\ld always take into consid]ation 9 ! selection ( a heat]1 & t is1 be sure & get "o t w give y ! greate/ am\nt ( heat = ! fuel consum$4 ,! pat5t /eam & wat] heat]s n[ ^u ! m>ket are too num]\s to m5tion4 ,b !re is a va/ diff]5ce 9 ! economy ( ^! heat]s4 ,:5 contemplat+ ! pur*ase ( a heat]1 sev]al ye>s ago1 ,i call$ ^u a p>ty :o 0 runn+ a newly-pur*as$ heat]4 ,he seem$ v mu* pleas$ ) x1 & said x ran admirably1--w>m$ 8 build+s nicely1 & only co/ ab\t "o doll> p] day = coal4 ,i made up my m9d !n & !re t ,i %\ld run my brood]s a :ile long]4 ,b on int]rogat+ ano!r p>ty us+ "o ( a diff]5t patt]n1 he assur$ me t 8 heat]s w>m$ bo? brood]s & build+s 9 good %ape at a co/ ( fifte5 c5ts p] day4 ,?is 0 pres5t+ ! matt] 9 a new phase4 ,! diff]5ce 9 co/ ( runn+ ^! heat]s "o ye> w\ld pur*ase two4 ,i am n[ runn+ ?ree heat]s call$ ! ,bramhall-,deane ,heat] & am heat+ two brood+ h\ses 7"o #bej feet long1 ! o!r #age feet long71 at half ! co/ p] day4 ,ei!r /eam or wat] may be us$4 ,i pref] wat] = bo? safety & economy4 ,= in/ance1 %\ld ! fire g out accid5tally ! heat w\ld cease at once :]e /eam 0 us$1 :ile wat] w\ld hold its heat = h\rs1 & w\ld cont9ue to circulate j s long z ! wat] 9 ! boil] 0 hott] ?an t 9 ! pipes4 ,i d n "k b !re are o!r heat]s 9 ! m>ket j z economical z ! ,bramhall-,deane1 b ,i "k ( sev]al prom95t p\ltry m5 :o are *ang+ _! heat+ pr9ciple1 n because !y are dissatisfi$ ) ! "w done by t n[ 9 use1 b solely on acc\nt ( ! exp5se att5d+ x4 ,figure #ab repres5ts our brood+-h\se z x appe>s outside4 ,its dim5sions h already be5 giv54 ,x is bo>d$ 9 ) closely-fitt+ hemlock bo>ds1 ! :ole be+ cov]$ on ! outside ) ! heavie/ quality ( ,p>oid ,ro(+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,brood+ ,,h\se4 7,,fig4 #ab47 ,?is ro(+ is manufactur$ by ,f4 ,w4 ,bird ,son1 ,ea/ ,walpole1 ,mass4 ,we h m ?an an acre "u ro(+1 a l>ge proportion ( :i* is cov]$ ) ,p>oid4 ,we f9d x /rong1 pliable1 insusceptible to ei!r heat or cold & to all appe>ances w be m durable ?an any?+ we h ev] us$4 ,i h _m build+s cov]$ ) ?is ro(+4 ,9 apply+ x1 beg9 at ! eaves1 lapp+ x #a-a_/b in*es4 ,x is s heavy t x does n require wood5 /rips to hold x d[n1 simply nails & t9 caps1 :i* %\ld be ab\t an in* ap>t4 ,a coat ( ! liquid1 :i* goes ) x1 w glaze x ov] 9 good %ape4 ,= a flat ro(1 x is f> bett] ?an %+les at less ?an half ! co/4 ,int]ior ,arrangem5t ( ,brood+-,h\se4 ,z ! con/ruction ( ?is build+ has be5 already notic$1 ,i w proce$ to describe its int]ior arrangem5t = a brood+-h\se4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 z 9 ! bre$+-h\se1 !re %\ld be a walk ?ree feet wide ! entire l5g? ( ! build+ on ! back side4 ,next to ! walk1 & p>allel ) x1 ! brood] box %\ld run4 ,?is box w be ?irty in*es wide1 & l ! walk1 ! entire l5g? ( ! build+4 ,9 my build+ ! brood+ arrangem5t is v simple1 be+ a box ) two sides re/+ on ! gr\nd1 eight in*es high 9 ! cle>1 ! gr\nd be+ utiliz$ z ! bottom ( brood]4 ,?is brood+-box consi/s ( two p>ts4 ,! sides1 sev5 in*es wide1 are nail$ securely1 & con/itute ! sides ( ! pipe-/&4 ,! cov] is portable1 ) cleats nail$ across ! top to /r5g!n x1 & ) /rips an in* wide nail$ und]nea?1 9 front & 9 back1 to keep x 9 position4 ,^! /rips are suppos$ to re/ on ! sev5-in* /rips 9 ! sides1 &1 :5 ! cov] is on1 make a tight brood]4 ,figure #ac repres5ts ! int]ior ( brood+-h\se1 ) ^! cov]s on ! brood]s & ready = use4 ,also1 ) two ( ! cov]s remov$ %[+ ! heat+ pipes4 ,^! consi/ ( a two-in* fl[ & return1 runn+ p>allel ) ea* o!r ! entire l5g? ( ! build+1 & ly+ t5 in*es ap>t f c5tre to c5tre4 ,^! pipes re/ ^u cross bo>ds1 ^: l5g? corresponds ) ! wid? ( ! brood]1 & to :i* ! sides are nail$2 two-in* holes are cut out 9 ! top ( ^! bo>ds into :i* ! pipes are laid1 ! upp] surface ( :i* comes flu% ) ! top ( ! bo>ds1 s t :5 ! cov] ( brood]s is 9 position x re/s equally on pipes & bo>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plan ,,( ,,brood+ ,,h\se4 7,,fig4 #ac47 ,! di/ance betwe5 ^! bo>ds corresponds ) ! wid? ( p5s outside ( brood]1 & con/itute p>titions = ! same4 ,! p>titions are simply in* bo>ds1 twelve or f\rte5 in*es wide1 fitt+ into gr\nd 9 front ( build+ to keep !m upright & 9 position4 ,! front ( ! brood] lead+ into ! p5s is cut out 9 c5tre ( brood] f\r feet long & f\r in*es deep to all[ ! free passage ( ! duckl+s4 ,^! op5+s 9 ! fir/ f\r p5s are fr+$ ) wool5 clo?1 cut up e f\r in*es1 to keep ! brood] w>m] 9 cold wea!r4 ,! rema9+ brood]s are n fr+$1 = reasons :i* w appe> h]eaft]4 ,! heat] c be locat$ 9 ! end ( build+ mo/ conv5i5t to ! op]ator4 ,! bottom ( ! p5s %\ld consi/ ( s& :i*1 :5 x becomes wet1 & be=e x becomes (f5sive1 %\ld be cov]$ ) f9e sawdu/4 ,?is is a good absorb5t & dis9fectant z well4 ,! inside ( ! f\r brood]s next ! heat] %\ld be fill$ up ) hay *aff to )9 f\r in*es ( ! pipes1 ! di/ance be+ gradually increas$ z y ne> ! o!r end ( ! build+1 until ! :ole eight in*es 9 height w be requir$1 us+ simply sawdu/ en\gh to dis9fect ! bottom ( brood]4 ,?is is my pres5t brood+ arrangem5t1 ) ! exception ( a common door h&le screw$ on ea* brood] cov] to facilitate h&l+4 ,x may n suit e "o2 "s may want x m ornam5tal1 m exp5sive2 o!rs may wi% to simplify x /ill m4 ,b su* z x is1 x is n[ all ready = use1 ) heat appli$4 ,b ^? little duckl+s1 :o h be5 wait+ all ?is "t 9 ! ma*9e1 are gett+ bo? hungry & impati5t1 & require imm$iate att5tion4 ,! food :i* has already be5 prep>$ consi/s ( a =mula compos$ ( f\r p>ts :eat-bran1 "o "p corn-meal ) en\gh ( l[ grade fl\r to connect ! mass )\t mak+ x /icky or pa/y1 9 fact1 x %\ld be crumbly s t ! little birds c eat x readily4 ,ab\t five p] c5t4 ( f9e1 %>p grit %\ld be mix$ into _! fir/ fe$1 aft] t1 "o or two p] c5t4 is all suffici5t4 ,?is grit %\ld be increas$ 9 size z ! birds gr[ old]4 ,ab\t ! ?ird day1 a little f9e beef-scrap %\ld be introduc$1 soak+ x a little be=e mix+4 ,:5 a few days old1 a little gre5 rye1 if obta9able1 %\ld be giv5 !m1 or z a sub/itute1 f9ely *opp$ cabbage or lettuce4 ,:5 ! birds are two weeks old1 "o "p corn-meal to ?ree p>ts bran %\ld be us$4 ,?is food %\ld be scatt]$ ^u ! fe$+-tr\ghs1 :i* are simply "o-half in* bo>ds1 n9e or t5 in*es wide1 by ?ree or f\r feet long1 ) la?s nail$ on ! sides & ends4 ,small wat]-cans1 inv]t$ 9 t9 sauc]s1 s t ! duckl+s c dr9k readily )\t gett+ wet1 %\ld /& conv5i5t to ! food4 ,h[ to ,remove ! ,duckl+s ,)\t ,injury4 ,to facilitate ! removal ( duckl+s f ! ma*9e1 ,i h a squ>e basket "s two & "o-half feet long1 by fifte5 in*es wide & "o foot high1 ) close cov]s1 h+$ 9 ! c5tre4 ,9 ord] to secure ! duckl+s1 usually all t is necess>y is to op5 "o door ( ma*9e1 hold ?is basket "u x & make a little *uckl+ noise1 & /range to say1 ! little fell[s w run out ov] ! pipes1 ov] ! glass door1 d[n into ! basket 9 doz5s z fa/ z _! little legs & w+s c c>ry !m4 ,?is basket w hold #ajj duckl+s conv5i5tly4 ,:5 full1 x %\ld be c>ri$ to ! brood+-h\se & c>efully inv]t$ ov] ! fe$+-bo>ds4 ,! little birds w beg9 eat+ at once4 ,?is process c be repeat$ until ! ma*9e is empti$4 ,!re w be "s ( ! lat]-hat*$ ones t %\ld be all[$ to rema9 9 ! ma*9e t5 or twelve h\rs long]1 z !y c be c>$ = bett] !re4 ,^! c be readily detect$1 z !y are n z active z ! o!rs1 & p]haps n completely dri$ (f4 ,! duckl+s %\ld be put out1 if possible1 dur+ ! middle ( ! day1 & :ile ! sun %9es ?r\gh ! w9d[s1 z !y c be f$ 9 ! sun & put "u ! brood] lat] 9 ! day4 ,9 ev5t ( !re be+ no sun1 x w n d to fe$ "u ! brood+-box1 z x is too d>k4 ,i !n take a "o-half in* bo>d1 f\r feet long 7to correspond ) ! l5g? ( op5+ 9 front ( brood]7 & six in*es wide4 ,i nail two pieces ( ! same wid? & height1 "o foot long1 on to ea* end ( ?is bo>d1 =m+ a p>allelogram f\r feet long & "o foot wide1 m9us "o side4 ,?is is set up 9 front ( ! op5+ 9 brood]1 & be+ ( ! same l5g?1 =ms a little p5 9 front ( brood] "o foot wide1 9 :i* ! fe$+-tr\gh c be plac$ ) dr9k+ f\nt4 ,! duckl+s c !n run out & 9 & fe$ :5 !y wi%4 ,?is bo>d w only be ne$$ = a day or two1 :5 x c be tak5 up & res]v$ = ! next brood4 ,! duckl+s %\ld be f$ once 9 two h\rs1 scatt]+ a little food on ! tr\ghs4 ,be sure t !y eat clean be=e m is giv54 ,at ! end ( a week ! regul> fe$ %\ld be f\r meals ea* day4 ,h[ to ,fe$4 ,:5 ,i c get /ale bak]'s bread ,i use t 9 connection )1 & in/ead (1 bran4 ,x c be pr(itably mix$ ) milk1 n too s\r1 :5 x c be _h = a c5t a qu>t4 ,b d n give milk z dr9k1--! "y birds w sme> !mselves all ov] ) x1 _! beaks & eyes w be /uck up1 ! d[n w come (f _! little bodies 9 l>ge pat*es1 & !y w be a con/ant aggravation4 ,i 0 once call$ ^u to visit an e/abli%m5t1 ! own] ( :i* compla9$ t 8 duckl+s did n gr[1 & he 0 v anxi\s = me to locate ! tr\ble4 ,i f\nd six to eight hundr$ duckl+s !re ( all ages1 &1 /range to say1 ne>ly ( "o size2 & "o lot ( ne>ly ?ree hundr$ duckl+s eight weeks old w\ld n av]age "o p\nd ea*1 :5 !y %\ld h weigh$ f\r p\nds4 ,illu/ration ,su* a sight ,i nev] saw be=e1 & hope nev] to see aga94 ,( all ! mis]able1 squalid1 contemptible look+ objects1 ^? duckl+s took ! lead4 ,?is man _h n only mix$ _! food ) milk1 b _h kept x by !m 9 op5 tr\ghs1 & ! birds _h ba!d 9 x & spatt]$ x ov] ea* o!r until !re 0 h>dly a fea!r left on _! emaciat$ bodies2 & yet ?is man did n "k :at ail$ 8 ducks4 ,is x /range t "s p fail 9 ! p\ltry bus9ess8 ,:5 9 full op]ation1 we run tw5ty-"o l>ge ma*9es1 & z x requires tw5ty-sev5 days to close up ea* hat*1 ( c\rse we h a hat* come (f ne>ly e day4 ,n[ z ea* hat* is suppos$ to occupy two brood]-p5s ) ! correspond+ y>ds1 9 ! c\rse ( five or six weeks t brood+-h\se w be fill$ ) its complem5t ( #c1jjj duckl+s4 ,^! w be ( all ages1 f ! little puff-balls j f ! ma*9e1 to ! half-gr[n bird ( six weeks old4 ,! brood+ pipes are suppos$ to radiate ! same am\nt ( heat at ! extreme end ( ! build+ z !y d next ! heat]1 consequ5tly ! brood]s are ( ! same temp]ature 9 all _! p>ts4 ,n s ! build+4 ,z ! heat] radiates a great deal ( heat1 ! end 9 :i* ?is is locat$ is always #ab or #ae degrees w>m] ?an ! o!r & is ?us bett] adapt$ to ! com=t ( ! newly hat*$ duckl+s ?an ! o!r1 s ,i always put ! birds fre% f ! ma*9e next ! heat]1 :ile ! old] ones are pass$ d[n ! build+4 ,?is is a v simple process4 ,"o end ( ! p>tition bo>d is lift$ up a little1 food scatt]$ 9 a tr\gh 9 ! empty p5 adjo9+1 ! duckl+s w ru% "u 9 a mom5t1 !n ! bo>d is dropp$4 ,! same process is cont9u$ until all are mov$ & ! build+ fill$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,inside ,,plan ,,( ,,d\ble ,,brood+ ,,h\se4 ,! build+ j describ$ we t]m our nurs]y1 & has a capacity ( ab\t #b1ejj birds4 ,:5 full1 ! old] birds are probably ab\t two weeks old1 & ( c\rse ^! old] ones mu/ be remov$ to make room = successive hat*es ( y\ng] birds4 ,= ?is purpose1 we con/ruct$ a build+ #abe feet long1 #cb feet wide1 :i* we /yle our d\ble brood+ h\se4 ,x runs ea/ & we/ ) a walk f\r feet wide ?r\gh ! c5tre1 ) brood+-p5s on ea* side4 ,?is build+ has ! same capacity ( a s+le build+ #bej feet long1 & accommodates ab\t #e1jjj birds4 ,on ! s\? side ( ?is walk our brood] boxes are arrang$4 ,at "o end ( ! build+ is a heat]1 f :i* an in*-&-a-half fl[ & return pipe runs "u ! brood] boxes ! entire l5g? ( ! build+ & furni%es heat = ! little birds4 ,! brood]-boxes are locat$ tw5ty in*es f ! side ( ! walk4 ,! duckl+s are f$ & wat]$ 9 ?is space1 & are n all[$ 9 x except = t purpose4 ,to effect ?is1 ! cov]s ( ! brood+-boxes1 :i* are six feet long by two feet wide1 are cut 9 ! c5tre ! entire l5g?1 & h+$ ) a p]p5dicul> lip1 :i* :5 clos$1 meets an upright bo>d bel[1 "s two in*es high1 %utt+ brood]s tight1 exclud+ duckl+s f fe$+ ap>tm5t1 s t x is always sweet & clean4 ,by ?is arrangem5t1 ! duckl+s are all f$ & wat]$ f ! walk1 ?us r$uc+ ! labor to a m9imum1 :ile !re is no dang] ( cru%+ ! little birds "u foot or "u ! tr\ghs4 ,! att5dant is n hamp]$ 9 8 movem5ts1 b c "w z quickly z he likes4 ,all he has to d is to di/ribute ! food & wat]1 ?r[+ ! cov]s back z he goes1 :5 ! duckl+s1 :i* are always wait+1 ru% 9 & soon fill !mselves4 ,tw5ty m9utes is all t is requir$ = !m to eat & dr9k4 ,a p]son ( good judgm5t c easily det]m9e ab\t h[ mu* ! birds w consume1 ?\gh x is well = him to pass along ! walk1 giv+ a little m food :]e _! wants are n satisfi$1 or tak+ up :at is left ov]1 %utt+ ! cov]s d[n :5 ! birds are ?r\gh4 ,z ?is build+ is well pip$1 di/ribut+ wat] at bo? ends1 z well z at ! mix+-box & heat]1 x makes ! fe$+ almo/ a pa/ime1 ! "w is done s easily4 ,?is build+ is j :at we h be5 look+ =4 ,!re are none on ! place t pleases u s well4 ,its _m advantages ov] a s+le build+ mu/ be evid5t to all4 ,! increas$ facility = do+ ! "w1 z well z its economy 9 h\s+ _m m birds = ! money inve/$1 are n ! lea/4 ,:5 plann+ ?is build+1 we _h "s misgiv+ ab\t runn+ x ea/ & we/ z ! lay ( ! l& requir$1 ?9k+ t ! exposure on ! nor? side dur+ ! inclem5t wea!r ( ! e>ly spr+1 w\ld conf9e ! "y birds to ! build+ & !y w\ld suff] = want ( ex]cise1 b we 7 agreeably disappo9t$ z we f\nd t !y ?riv$ equally z well1 if n bett]1 on ! nor? side z on ! s\?1 prov+ :at ,i h always kn[n 9 duck culture1 t ! extreme heat ( summ] is m debilitat+ to "y birds ?an ! cold ( w9t]1 & t e>ly hat*$ birds w always be ( l>g] size & m robu/ physique ?an late ones4 ,t is :y ,i h always made x a po9t to select my e>ly hat*$ birds = bre$+ purposes4 ,i h nev] kn[n any too good = t4 ,i ins]t cuts ( ?is d\ble build+1 ) ! old] duckl+s on ! nor? side & ! y\ng] ones on ! s\?4 ,7 ,i to build ano!r1 ,i %\ld duplicate x 9 e respect4 ,illu/ration ,regulation ( ,heat 9 ,brood]s4 ,n[1 z ! birds gr[ l>g]1 !y naturally ne$ less heat1 & we mu/ contrive to fix x s !y d n get s mu*4 ,z /at$ be=e1 no fr+e is us$ beyond ! fir/ f\r brood]s1--! space 9 front be+ left op52 & n only t1 b we gradually raise ! back ( ! cov] next ! walk until x op5s an in* or m ! entire l5g? ( ! p54 ,^? duckl+s1 be=e !y rea* ! o!r end ( ?is brood+-h\se1 w weigh 7if well c>$ =7 ov] a p\nd ea*4 ,! brood] w n !n be l>ge en\gh to hold !m1 nei!r d !y require ! heat1 9 fact x w\ld be injuri\s at ?is age2 s be=e ! birds rea* ! extreme end ( ! build+ ,i %ut !m (f f ! brood]s entirely by plac+ a bo>d 9 front ( ! op5+4 ,! "y birds w always ?rive bett] out ( doors ?an 92 & :5 two weeks old ,i always let !m out dur+ ! sunny days ( ,april1 by op5+ ! slides 9 front4 ,at ?is /age ( gr[? :5 ! birds are f two to f\r weeks old1 especially ) ! e>ly hat*es :5 conf9$ z !y usually are dur+ ! inclem5t wea!r 9 w9t]1 unless extreme c>e is tak51 a sad mortality is sure to foll[4 ,!re is a great t5d5cy at ?is /age ( gr[?1 :5 ! birds are conf9$1 to ov]fe$ z well z to ov]heat 9 ! brood]s4 ,?is1 c\pl$ ) too little ex]cise is sure to cripple ! birds1 weak5 _! legs & r5d] !m helpless4 ,ev5 exp]i5c$ gr[]s sometimes get a little c>eless & lose :ole hat*es4 ,we h num]\s lett]s f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* p write ,my duckl+s are all crippl$1 _c walk & are dy+ (f fa/4 ,:at %all ,i d8 ,!re is only "o ?+2 fe$ sp>+ly1 & give all ! ex]cise possible4 ,(t51 ! want ( grit w cause ! same tr\ble4 7,our y>ds h be5 prep>$ = ?is ! previ\s autumn1 & are n[ cov]$ ) a ?ick coat ( gre5 rye five or six in*es high47 ,to accompli% ?is1 ,i make p5s outside ! build+ 9 front1 t5 feet long1 & ( a wid? to correspond ) ! p5s inside4 ,i simply use old bo>ds a foot wide1 tack+ !m toge!r ) wire nails1 z x is only a tempor>y arrangem5t4 ,:5 sn[ falls x mu/ be %ovel$ out at once4 ,j z soon z ! wea!r & ! condition ( ! gr\nd w all[1 ,i set up ! p>tition wire outside to correspond ) ! wid? ( p5s inside4 ,?is wire p>tition runs ! :ole l5g? ( ! y>d2 & z ! y>ds are #ajj feet deep1 x gives ! duckl+s a y>d #fx#ajj feet4 ,i always fe$ outside :5ev] ! wea!r w p]mit4 ,x is ne$less to say t ! sanit>y arrangem5ts 9 ?is build+ are ( ! utmo/ importance4 ,inde$1 x w require con/ant wat*fulness & c>e on ! "p ( ! att5dant4 ,! ,sanit>y ,arrangem5ts4 ,) sev]al ?\s& duckl+s conf9$ 9 "o build+1 ! t5d5cy is decid$ly fil?y4 ,! capacity ( ! duckl+ = fil? is wond]ful1 & he comes hone/ly by x4 ,x is simply a/oni%+ h[ soon he w manage to mix ! cont5ts ( 8 wat]-tank ) t ( 8 y>d & make bo? sloppy & (f5sive4 ,! *ick is n[h]e 9 comp>ison4 ,x is true1 ! duck is n s easily affect$ by x z ! *ick1 b x w n d to presume too mu* ^u t4 ,at ?is /age ! att5dant w be kept busy e mom5t f daylight to d>k4 ,n only ! regul> fe$+ f\r times a day requires 8 att5tion1 b ! simple mix+ ( sev5ty-five to "o hundr$ bu%els ( fe$ ea* day is q a little job ( itself1 especially :5 ! diff]5t +r$i5ts %\ld be exact4 ,! wat] tanks also mu/ be regul>ly clean$ & fill$4 ,! tr\ghs %\ld be c>efully clean$ be=e fe$+1 z ! ducks w readily eat all =eign matt] toge!r ) ! food4 ,9 %ort1 ! :ole bus9ess mu/ be sy/ematiz$ all ! way ?r\gh1 & ! att5dant %\ld und]/& t x is nev] safe to neglect a s+le detail4 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,d\ble ,,brood+ ,,h\se4 7,s\? side47 ,i _h always made a po9t ( do+ ?is duty myself4 ,a few ye>s ago1 n feel+ well & hav+ o!r bus9ess requir+ my att5tion1 ,i engag$ a man :om ,i consid]$ compet5t to d ?is bus9ess = me4 ,i took him ov] ! y>ds1 %[$ & told him j h[ ! ?+ mu/ be done2 wat*$ him to see t he did ! "w fai?fully & compli$ ) all its details4 ,?+s w5t on app>5tly well = a week or two1 :51 go+ home "o day1 ,i notic$ a numb] ( dead duckl+s ly+ ar\nd1 & look+ "u ! brood] ,i f\nd q a numb] m4 ,i at once int]view$ ! man & caution$ him4 ,he insi/$ t he _h foll[$ ! in/ructions to ! lett]4 ,b ! mortality did n abate1 on ! contr>y x increas$ to an al>m+ ext5t2 & ,i _h lo/ m duckl+s 9 "o mon? ?an ,i _h lo/ = t5 ye>s previ\s4 ,i wat*$ him & f\nd t ! fe$+-tr\ghs 7 n clean$ at all1 & :5 ! birds scatt]$ ! sawdu/ 9 !m ! food 0 ?r[n on t1 ! duckl+s consum+ bo?4 ,! food 0 ?r[n p>tly 9 ! tr\gh & p>tly on ! gr\nd2 app>5tly a matt] ( p]fect indiff]5ce to him4 ,! wat]-tanks 7 n r9s$ out4 ,in/ead ( /epp+ ov] ! eighte5-in* p>tition wires he /epp$ on !m1 break+ d[n ! /&>ds & flatt5+ d[n ! wire1 s t ! birds 7 all mix$ toge!r promiscu\sly1--duckl+s two weeks old ) ^? ( six weeks4 ,! little ones 7 trodd5 d[n by ! old] ones & almo/ d5ud$ ( _! fea!rs1 & !re 0 no ?rift to be se5 any:]e4 ,to say t ,i 0 indignant does n express x4 ,i _h (t5 se5 su* a condition ( ?+s else:]e1 b n be=e on my own ran*2 ,i 0 absolutely a%am$ to %[ visitors ar\nd ! y>ds z long z ?is /ate ( ?+s exi/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,d\ble ,,brood+ ,,h\se4 7,nor? side47 ,t man 0 promptly dis*>g$1 & ,i und]took ! fe$+ myself4 ,! birds 7 sort$ out & return$ to _! own y>ds1 ! wire replac$1 ! fe$+-tr\ghs clean$1 ! p5s c>efully dis9fect$4 ,9 f\r days d\ble ! am\nt ( food 0 consum$ & ?+s 7 decid$ly improv$4 ,b ^? birds nev] acquir$ t uni=mity ( size & appe>ance :i* _h always *>act]iz$ my m>ket birds4 ,! be/ mat]ial to use 9 ! p5s inside ! brood+-h\se is dry1 f9e sawdu/1 if x c be obta9$4 ,x is by f> ! be/ ?+ ,i "k ( = ! purpose4 ,! next be/ is f9ely *opp$ /raw or hay1 tanb>k1 etc4 ,! brood]s1 l ! p5s1 require close att5tion4 ,! top %\ld be scrap$ (f be=e x becomes (f5sive1 & new mat]ial appli$4 ,?is c be easily done by simply lift+ ! edge ( ! cov] next ! walk & draw+ x ov] into ! walk1 :5 x c be tak5 9 a b>r[ or basket4 ,! ,necessity ( ,gre5 ,food4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t z ! broods gr[ old] ! clean+ process mu/ be repeat$ (t5]1 z _! capacity = g5]at+ fil? w always be 9 proportion to _! size4 ,^? unacqua9t$ ) duck-culture h little idea h[ fa/ ^! birds w gr[2 h[ soon !y w successively outgr[ brood]s1 p5s & y>ds1 & h[ soon e ve/ige ( gre5 w disappe> f y>ds t 7 ?ickly cov]$ ) rye4 ,b ! duckl+s mu/ be kept gr[+ at all haz>ds1 & a vegetable supply mu/ be procur$ f outside4 ,illu/ration3 ,,we/ ,,side ,,( ,,lane4 ,rye comes fir/ 9 ! season 7,i always cultivate x = ! purpose1 & :5 co>se1 x mu/ be cut s t x c be readily eat572 !n grass2 & next corn fodd]1 :i* is be/ ( all4 ,x is a/oni%+ h[ mu* ( ! latt] ^! birds w consume--hundr$s ( p\nds ea* day4 ,x %\ld be cut v f9e1 n m ?an "o-?ird ( an in* 9 l5g?4 ,unlike ! h51 ! birds pref] ! /alk to ! leaf4 ,give !m all !y w eat1 once ea* day4 ,b we h =gott5 t empty ma*9e4 ,aft] ! duckl+s are tak5 out x w be f\nd runn+ at #he to #ij degrees4 ,i gauge x up to #ajb & fill x ) fre% eggs at once1 n =gett+ to fill "o tray 9 ! little t5d]4 ,!re is "o bad habit to :i* duckl+s ( f\r or five weeks old are addict$1 & t is fea!r eat+4 ,fir/ ! d[n w beg9 to disappe> f _! backs2 next1 z ! birds gr[ old]1 ! quills :i* gr[ out f ! end ( ! w+s w disappe>1 & !y are all expos$ = tempt+ morsels4 ,^! quills ble$ pr(usely :5 di/urb$1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 s]i\sly ret>ds ! gr[? & progress ( ! birds4 ,?is vice %\ld be *eck$ at once1 = vice x is1--sup]9duc$ by idl5ess & close conf9em5t4 ,:5 ! fir/ indications ( ^! tr\bles appe>1 ! att5dant %\ld wat* ! birds closely = a few mom5ts1 :5 ! aggressors c soon be detect$4 ,!y %\ld be remov$ at once & conf9$ by !mselves1 or plac$ 9 y>ds ) old] birds already fea!r$ out1 :i* af=ds !m no temptation to practice _! newly acquir$ art4 ,if ?is is n done at once ! vice becomes g5]al1 & disa/r\s consequ5ces are sure to foll[4 ,if x has already atta9$ headway1 be=e ! novice detects x1 he mu/ *ange !m to new qu>t]s2 a grassy area is be/1 :]e !y usually =get all ab\t x4 ,?is c be readily done1 z ! op]ator %\ld always h a sp>e roll ( eighte5-in* wire nett+ on h& ) :i* he c enclose a giv5 area 9 a few mom5ts4 ,too mu* _c be said 9 favor ( ?is wire1 x is s *eap1 portable & conv5i5t4 ,x c be tak5 up & remov$ 9 an incr$ibly %ort "t to facilitate pl[+ & dis9fect+ ! y>ds4 ,:ile x effectually sep>ates ! birds1 x af=ds little or no imp$im5t to ! att5dant dur+ ! process ( wat]+ & fe$+4 ,i fa/5 ?is wire up to %ort /akes driv5 9 ! gr\nd1 us+ small /aples = ! purpose4 ,:5 remov$ x c be roll$ up1 /akes & all1 )\t di/urb+ ! /aples4 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,tw5ty-,,five ,,hundr$ ,,bre$+ ,,ducks4 ,kodak /&+ 9 c5tre ( y>d4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,x is !n ready = resett+ or /[+ away = next season's "w4 ,?is wire is n[ ! *eape/ ( all f5c+ = p\ltry "w1--mu* m s1 ev51 ?an la?-f5c+2 & has ! great advantage ( be+ portable & f> m durable ?an any o!r mat]ial4 ,two-in* me%1 ,no4 #ai wire1 c be _h n[ = ?ree-qu>t]s c5t a squ>e foot by ! s+le roll1 & proportionately *eap] by ! quantity4 ,nev] pur*ase ,no4 #bj wire1 z x w prove unsatisfactory 9 ! end4 ,x is n self-support+ & c only be kept 9 position by bo>ds1 bo? above & bel[4 ,!re is great diff]5ce 9 ! quality ( ?is wire2 t made by "s firms be+ ( s s(t mat]ial t x w n /& alone4 ,! squ>es soon become ellipses1 & y\r eighte5-in* wire settles to a foot4 ,! be/ ,i h ev] us$ is t made by ! ,gilb]t ,b5nett ,manufactur+ ,company1 ,georget[n1 ,conn4 ,previ\s to ?is our olde/ duckl+s w h rea*$ ! extreme end ( ! brood+-h\se1 & x w be fill$ to its utmo/ capacity4 ,9 ord] to make room = ! successive hat*es ,i drive ! old] hat*es out & r\nd to my cold build+s1 two 9 numb]4 ,^! build+s are ea* sev5ty-five feet long1 ) contigu\s y>ds "o hundr$ feet deep4 ,! slides 9 ! build+s are left op51 & ! duckl+s are at lib]ty to g out or 9 z !y see fit1--a privilege ( :i* !y avail !mselves z ! /ate ( ! atmosph]e incl9es4 ,^! y>ds always h a ?ick mat ( rye gr[+ on !m4 ,! p>tition wires h be5 set up & ! "y birds are quietly driv5 to _! respective qu>t]s4 ,aft] duckl+s rea* ! age ( six weeks1 x is n necess>y to conf9e !m 9 build+s dur+ ! night4 ,inde$1 !y are f> bett] n1 unless x is extremely cold1 or !re is dang] f v]m94 ,ev5 sev]e ra9/orms w n injure !m4 ,!y %\ld be wat*$ c>efully1 h[ev]1 z !y are apt1 dur+ _! antics1 to fall ov] on _! backs1 :51 ?r\gh suction f ! wet & muddy gr\nd1 !y are seldom able to turn back aga94 ,prompt assi/ance %\ld be r5d]$1 or x w surely be too late1 z ! back ( a duckl+ is 8 mo/ susceptible "p4 ,aft] ! birds are six weeks old x w n be necess>y to fe$ m ?an ?ree times p] day1 gradually sub/itut+ meal = bran1 until ! birds are eight weeks old1 :5 _! food %\ld be1 at lea/1 ?ree-qu>t]s meal4 ,!re %\ld also be a /eady increase ( animal food aft] ! sev5? week4 ,c>eful ,wat]+ ,ev5 ,m ,ess5tial ,?an ,food4 ,p>ticul> c>e %\ld be tak5 at ?is "t to give ! birds all !y ne$ to dr9k1 or y\r food w be ?r[n away1 z !y require m wat] dur+ ! w>m wea!r4 ,!y w consume & wa/e va/ quantities1 & ! wat] supply %\ld be made z conv5i5t z possible1 to facilitate ! bus9ess4 ,our wat] is =c$ by a w9dmill into a two hundr$-b>rel tank1 & leads f !re ?r\gh pipes into brood+ & bre$+ h\ses1 into ! y>ds & mix+ room1--all ) a view to sav+ labor & "t4 ,! wat]-pans 9 ! build+s are rais$ six or eight in*es f ! gr\nd to prev5t ! birds gett+ 9 or wa/+ ! wat]4 ,at ?is /age1 dur+ w>m1 dry spells1 ! dri$ excrem5t ( ! birds w accumulate on ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,?is1 z a matt] ( economy1 z well z a sanit>y necessity1 %\ld be c>efully swept up be=e a ra91 z ! birds w sometimes dr9k wat] f ! puddles /&+ ar\nd1 & x w (t5 s]i\sly affect _! appetites1 z bo? y>ds & dropp+s are v (f5sive :5 wet4 ,%ade is absolutely necess>y at ?is age dur+ w>m wea!r1 z duckl+s c nev] be made 9 good condition :5 expos$ to ! sun dur+ ! extreme heat ( summ]4 ,x affects _! appetites at once1 r$uc+ ! consumption ( food by "o-half4 ,x is always well1 if possible1 to locate y\r y>ds s t ! birds c h access to %ade4 ,if n1 artificial %ade mu/ be con/ruct$ to meet ! ends4 ,my plan is to set up f\r /akes1 ab\t #fx#aj feet1 =m+ a p>allelogram4 ,sidebo>ds %\ld be nail$ on ^! /akes ab\t two feet high4 ,^! c be cov]$ ) old bo>ds1 p9e b\ghs1 bu%es1 or ?at*$ ov] ) mead[ hay1--:atev] is mo/ conv5i5t to ! gr[]4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 9 fe$+ by giv+ all ! conc5trat$ food ! birds c be made to eat1 & no m1 z ! l>ge/ ( !m w be ready = m>ket :5 n9e weeks old4 ,fright5 & excite ! birds z little z possible :ile sort+ !m4 ,! be/ way to d ?is is to use a wide bo>d "s t5 feet long1 ) two holes cut 9 ! upp] side ne> ! middle4 ,^! holes %\ld be two feet ap>t1 & l>ge en\gh to admit ! h&s = conv5i5t h&l+4 ,fifte5 or tw5ty ( ! birds %\ld be driv5 9 a corn] & conf9$ ) ?is bo>d4 ,! birds %\ld n[ be tak5 by ! neck1 "o at a "t1 ! l>ge/ & *oice/ select$ = m>ket1 ! reject$ ones put 9 a tempor>y y>d by !mselves4 ,illu/ration ,?is process %\ld be repeat$ until ! :ole hat* is sort$1 :5 ! culls c be return$ to _! old qu>t]s4 ,!y w h a bett] *ance ?an be=e1 & 9 a few days w be z good z ! o!rs4 ,! olde/ hat*es1 :i* usually come out 9 ,febru>y & ,m>*1 are all s5t to m>ket4 ,! price is too high to save = bre$]s1 b f subsequ5t hat*es1 ^? t come out 9 ,april & ,may1 we select our bre$+ /ock4 ,h[ to ,select ,bre$+ ,/ock4 ,ev5 ^! birds w comm& a high price1 b ,i _c af=d to wait long]4 ,i am v p>ticul> 9 ?is selection4 ,! birds mu/ n only be ( ! l>ge/ size1 b ( ! mo/ p]fect =m4 ,! cont\r ( head & neck1 size & %ape ( bill1 l5g? & wid? ( body1 all are tak5 into consid]ation4 ,z a consequ5ce1 n m ?an "o 9 t5 w be f\nd to fill ! bill1 & my #b1ejj bre$+ birds w be select$ f _m ?\s&s4 ,! result ( all ?is c>e & solicitude on my "p has be5 extremely gratify+1 z x has n only giv5 me ! control ( ! fancy m>ket1 b ! birds h always comm&$ a high] price 9 ! g5]al m>ket on acc\nt ( _! l>ge size & fatt5+ prop]ties4 ,z ! duckl+s are n[ ready = m>ket1 x is necess>y t ! gr[] %\ld make "s arrangem5ts = dispos+ ( !m4 ,he _c af=d to sell !m alive to ! c>ts1 = ?\gh ?is may be a great conv5i5ce to p]sons :o gr[ a few f[ls1 ! pr(its :i* enable ^! p>ties to run _! collect+ c>ts all ov] ! c\ntry1 & hire m5 to pick & dress _! f[ls1 w be q an item 9 ! pocket ( ! "o :o gr[s on a l>ge scale4 ,! be/ plan = him is to hire an exp]t to d 8 pick+ = him1 & if he _c get "o1 to take lessons ( "o s t he c d x himself4 ,?is is a v p>ticul> bus9ess1 z !re is a great knack 9 x4 ,ye>s ago ,i ?\ght ,i knew some?+ ab\t pick+ ducks1 b aft] wat*+ an exp]t = ?irty m9utes ,i 0 enabl$ to d\ble my day's "w4 ,illu/ration ,?is usually has ! same effect ^u o!rs4 ,= ?\gh x may be weeks be=e ! tyro w be able to d :at w\ld be call$ a fair day's "w1 yet if he keeps 8 wits ab\t him1 & is end[$ ) a fair %>e ( en]gy1 !re w be con/ant improvem5t4 ,i receiv$ a lett] a %ort "t s9ce f a lady 9 ,ohio1 say+ t %e 0 v mu* int]e/$ 9 gr[+ duckl+s1 & 0 satisfi$ t !re 0 money 9 x1 b t h] greate/ tr\ble 0 9 gett+ !m pick$1 z x cancell$ a l>ge %>e ( ! pr(its1 & t %e hir$ a woman = ! purpose & paid h] tw5ty-five c5ts apiece = pick+2 at ! same "t say+ t %e c\ld n be> to pay ! woman less1 z x took h] a half day to pick "o duck4 ,me?od ( ,dress+ ,duckl+s4 ,a fair day's "w = an exp]t is =ty ducks p] day1 ?\gh ,i h _h m5 :o c\ld pick sev5ty-five & d x well4 ,! process is v simple4 ,all t is necess>y is a *air1 a box #bx#c feet & #b feet high = ! fea!rs1 a few knives1 & a sm>t man to h&le !m4 ,"o knife %\ld be d\ble-edg$ & %>p-po9t$1 = ble$+4 ,! bird %\ld be held betwe5 ! knees1 ! bill held op5 ) ! left h&1 & a cut made across ! ro( ( ! m\? j bel[ ! eyes4 ,! bird %\ld !n be /unn$ by /rik+ its head aga9/ a po/1 or "s h>d sub/ance4 ,illu/ration ,! pick] seats himself 9 ! *air1 ) ! bird 9 8 lap1 its head held firmly betwe5 "o knee & ! box4 ,! soon] he gets at x ! bett]1 & if he is sm>t he w h ! bird well pluck$ by ! "t life is ext9ct4 ,! fea!rs %\ld be c>efully sort$ :ile pick+2 ! w+ & tail-fea!rs & p9s ?r[n away & ! body fea!rs1 ) ! d[n1 ?r[n into ! box4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 ab\t ?is1 z ! fea!rs are no mean s\rce ( income1 & w always pay = ! pick+4 ,a dull knife %\ld be us$ 9 connection ) ! ?umb 9 remov+ ! long p9s1 &1 9 fact1 all t c be remov$ )\t te>+ ! sk94 ,! d[n c usually be rubb$ (f by slightly moi/5+ ! h& & hold+ ! sk9 tight4 ,z !re are (t5 "s p9s :i* _c be tak5 out )\t te>+ & disfigur+ ! sk91 & "s d[n t w n rub (f1 !y mu/ be %av$ (f4 ,a knife %\ld be kept = ! purpose4 ,?is knife %\ld be made ( ! f9e/ oil-temp]$ /eel1 & mu/ be %>p] ?an ! be/ razor4 ,! tops ( ! w+s %\ld be left on1 & ! bird pick$ half way d[n ! neck4 ,! bird %\ld n be drawn nor ! head remov$4 ,all ?is is 9 reality done 9 mu* %ort] "t ?an is requir$ to describe x4 ,! exp]t p]=ms 8 duties me*anically4 ,! fea!rs actually seem to /ick to 8 f+]s1 & he w 9 sev5 m9utes pick a duck 9 f> bett] %ape ?an a novice w\ld 9 an h\r4 ,! bird on be+ pick$1 %\ld1 aft] ! blood is wa%$ c>efully f ! head1 be ?r[n into a b>rel or tank ( float+ ice4 ,x w h>d5 up s t its rotundity ( outl9e w be pres]v$4 ,?is me?od is f> bett] ?an t practic$ by "s p>ties1 :o pack _! birds 9 ice at once1 :]e ! bodies are compress$ into all mann] ( %apes & h>d5 up 9 t position1 & nev] aga9 c acquire t attractive appe>ance & r\nd$ outl9e :i* a well-fatt5$ duckl+ %\ld pres5t4 ,aft] ! birds are h>d5$ !y %\ld be pack$ close 9 light boxes1 back d[n1 ) ! head "u ! w+1 & if y\r m>ket is )9 twelve h\rs ride1 c be safely %ipp$ )\t ice1 & !y w always arrive 9 good condition4 ,deal]s l to h !m come 9 ?is way1 !y look s mu* nic] & are f> m saleable4 ,i h boxes = ! purpose1 ( diff]5t sizes1 hold+1 :5 closely pack$1 twelve1 eighte5 & ?irty-six pairs ( birds4 ,^! boxes are light1 made ( five-eigh? in* p9e1 are /rongly cleat$ at ! corn]s & ends1 & are fitt$ ) h+$ cov]s1 fa/5$ d[n ) clasps & screws4 ,i f9d ?is mu* ! be/ way1 z ! birds always pres]ve _! %ape & arrive 9 good condition1 :ile express companies return ! empty boxes free1 & :5 !y get ! hang ( x soon le>n to deliv] promptly & h&le c>efully4 ,h[ to ,%ip ,p\ltry4 ,9 %ipp+ p\ltry ! fir/ ?+ ! "y p\lt]] %\ld d is to e/abli% a reputation among ! fir/-class deal]s 9 8 vic9ity4 ,?is c only be done by %ipp+ fir/-class /ock4 ,nev] kill a bird unless x is 9 good condition4 ,pick & dress !m neatly1 box !m c>efully1 & !y w always comm& a good price & a ready sale2 :ile equally z good /ock1 slov5ly & c>elessly ?r[n toge!r1 w g begg+4 ,i h (t5 se5 good /ock cut sev]al c5ts p] p\nd1 ow+ to ! %ipp]'s c>elessness4 ,a prom95t deal] 9 ,bo/on said to me "o day1 po9t+ to a b>rel ( p\ltry1 ,! man :o %ipp$ t /uff is a fool6 ,look "h6 ,he op5$ ! b>rel1--x 0 half full ( ducks fairly well fatt$ & pick$4 ,b h[ ^? ducks look$4 ,! %ipp] _h evid5tly ?r[n ^? birds 9 head fir/1 or any way to suit1 & !n _h ?r[n a lot ( ice on ! top4 ,! b>rel n be+ v clean1 he _h introduc$ blue pap] betwe5 ! ducks & b>rel4 ,! ice _h melt$1 ! b>rel _h be5 capsiz$ repeat$ly dur+ transit1 & ! pap] _h be5 completely dis9tegrat$4 ,x 0 /uck all ov] ! ducks 9 little pat*es & rubb$ 91 :ile ! birds _h acquir$ a f9e t9t ( blue t w\ld h done cr$it to a laundryman4 ,!re1 said ! deal]1 ,i %all h to cut t man f\r c5ts p] p\nd4 ,if occasionally y %\ld h poor /ock always %ip x by itself1 & notify y\r deal] ( its quality4 ,he w "k x soon en\gh )\t y tell+ him1 b1 at ! same "t1 he w "k t y are n try+ to put a poor article on him = a good "o4 ,"o or two pairs ( poor birds 9 a box ( good ones w (t5 affect ! price ( ! :ole4 ,nev] pack a bird till aft] ! animal heat is out4 ,by a close obs]vance ( ! above1 ! "t w soon come :5 y w h no tr\ble 9 sell+ y\r /ock4 ,y w h m ord]s ?an y w be able to fill4 ,! pa/ season has be5 a v satisfactory "o to u1 z we h n only l>gely increas$ our bus9ess1 b ! prices obta9$ h be5 bett] ?an ev] be=e1 :ile we h be5 ov]:elm$ ) ord]s f deal]s 9 ,new ,york & ,bo/on :i* we h be5 :olly unable to fill4 ,b to return to ! fea!rs4 ,!y %\ld be tak5 up e day & spread out ?9ly on a dry floor1 turn$ occasionally1 &1 9 a few days1 :5 ?or\ghly dry1 c be ?r[n 9 a heap4 ,d n neglect ?is1 = if all[$ to accumulate !y soon become (f5sive1 & no?+ b sup]heat$ /eam w ev] deordize !m1 & be sure t ! fea!r firms w always take advantage ( ?is & *>ge y r\ndly = do+ x4 ,dis9fect+ ! ,gr\nd a ,necessity4 ,:5 we fir/ beg9 %ipp+ = m>ket1 our y>ds are usually fill$ to _! utmo/ capacity1 & we are (t5 cr[d$ = room4 ,z fa/ z ! y>ds are empti$1 !y %\ld be dis9fect$ by turn+ !m & s[+ a crop ( oats at once4 ,by ! "t ^! oats are two or ?ree in*es high !y c be reoccupi$ by "y birds1 s t two crops c be gr[n ^u ! same gr\nd ea* season4 ,my plan is ?is3 ,i d n heat my brood+-h\se artificially aft] ! fir/ ( ,june1 z ! build+ w always be w>m en\gh at t date = duckl+s t5 days old1 )\t artificial heat4 ,i locate "s ( my l>ge duck-brood]s a %ort di/ance ap>t out-(-doors1 build+ a squ>e p5 9 front ( !m1 #hx#ab feet1 ) bo>ds a foot wide4 ,into ^! brood]s ,i put ! newly-hat*$ duckl+s z !y come out4 ,!y ne$ artificial heat ! fir/ few days4 ,( c\rse x w\ld be poor policy to run ! heat] = ! b5efit ( a few :5 x w\ld be a decid$ injury to ?\s&s4 ,:5 ! duckl+s no long] require heat1 :i* w be 9 a v few days1 ,i remove !m at once1 ei!r to ! brood+-h\se or to ! vacat$ y>ds above m5tion$1 :5 by ?is "t ! oats w be high en\gh to furni% !m ) gre5 food4 ,! bus9ess is manag$ 9 ?is way z long z !re are eggs to hat*4 ,i use ! eggs = incubat+ long aft] ,i cease putt+ !m out2 =1 if !re is b "o-?ird f]tile1 x is m pr(itable to hat* !m ?an to m>ket !m1 z ! prices on "y duckl+s aft] ! middle ( ,octob] usually rule "s ?ree or f\r c5ts high] p] p\nd ?an dur+ ,augu/ & ,septemb]4 ,dur+ ! spr+ & summ] mon?s1 :5 ?+s are "u full headway1 !re is naturally great c>e & responsibility4 ,x w n d to make too _m mi/akes or neglect necess>y duties4 ,! "y birds mu/ be f$ regul>ly & giv5 ! diff]5tly prep>$ foods accord+ to age1--wat] suppli$1 grass & corn fodd] cut & di/ribut$ accord+ to ne$4 ,lamps to trim & repl5i%1 eight ?\s& eggs to turn twice ea* day2 a new hat* ( duckl+s com+ (f ne>ly e day2 ! ma*9e to be fill$ ) nicely wa%$ eggs2 "o to two ?\s& p\nds ( duckl+s dress$ & pack$ = m>ket daily2 clean+ & dis9fect+ y>ds2 ent]ta9+ visitors1 :o flock "h by doz5s1--furni% all ! occupation we ne$4 ,inde$1 7 x n = ! imm5se pr(its att5d+ ! bus9ess1 we might consid] x r m ?an we ought to d4 ,i dis9fect my duck y>ds ) rye ab\t ,sept4 #a4 ,:51 9 ?is climate1 fro/ has de/roy$ all gre5 vegetable life1 !n rye is 9 its prime4 ,if s[$ ,septemb] #a1 9 duck y>ds1 x w atta9 a height ( eighte5 in*es1 & if s[$ ?ickly w crop _m tons to ! acre4 ,:5 corn-fodd] is gone1 we use gre5 clov]1 !n turnip1 cabbage & gre5 rye 9 turn & !n j be=e a sn[ /orm we cut a l>ge quantity ( ! froz5 rye & pile x up 9 ! %ade1 :]e1 ( c\rse1 x w nei!r heat or ?aw4 ,%\ld we get out be=e ! sn[ is gone1 we always h surplus ( clov]-r[5 cur$ = ! purpose4 ,?is1 toge!r ) refuse cabbage & boil$ turnips1 small potatoes1 etc41 makes a f9e w9t] diet on :i* bre$+ ducks w always ?rive if ! o!r +r$i5ts are prop]ly mix$1--a diet ^u :i*1 comb9$ ) h\s+ & pl5ty ( ex]cise1 ! birds are b\nd to contribute a good quota ( /rong f]tile eggs4 ,i m5tion ?is p>ticul>ly "h1 because ! mortality among "y birds w dep5d l>gely ^u ! /r5g? & vitality ( ! eggs f :i* !y come4 ,natural ,duck-,culture4 ,d\btless "s ( my read]s are gett+ impati5t & say+ to !mselves1 ,:y d y n give u "s ideas h[ to d ?is bus9ess 9 ! natural way8 ,_m ( u wi% to beg9 small4 ,e "o has n ! conv5i5ces to use or ! means to comm& incubators4 ,i am com+ to t4 ,i h a vivid recollection ( us+ h5s to incubate ) "s tw5ty ye>s ago2 & ! p]si/5t ob/9acy ( ! p]v]se birds1 ! l>ge proportion ( valuable eggs spoil$ & brok51 z well z ! "t consum$ 9 c>+ = !m1 are /ill fre% 9 my memory4 ,x 0 :olesome discipl9e = me4 ,x w be ! same to ! read]1 & enable him to appreciate a good incubator lat] on4 ,a good1 quiet h51 :o att5ds closely to h] bus9ess1 w always hat* z l>ge a proportion ( h] eggs z a good incubator2 b !re are s _m ) dispositions q ! opposite ( ?is t x leaves ! odds l>gely 9 favor ( ! ma*9e4 ,success ) h5s dep5ds q z mu* ) ! op]ator z ) ma*9es4 ,he mu/ beg9 "r & hold out to ! end4 ,z ducks seldom make good incubators1 he w h to rely ^u h5s to d t bus9ess = him4 ,! be/ bre$s = t purpose ,i h f\nd to be ! ,brahma or ,plym\? ,rock4 ,a cross ( ^! birds makes a good quiet sitt]4 ,! birds mu/ be got out e>ly s t !y w beg9 lay+ 9 ! fall & be ready to incubate by ! "t y want !m4 ,x is well to h a room = ! purpose & h ! sitt]s by !mselves4 ,! ne/s %\ld be 9 r[s ar\nd ! room1 ! fe$+ & wat]-tr\ghs 9 ! c5tre1 ) ! du/-ba? at "o end4 ,! ne/ boxes %\ld be "s f\rte5 in*es squ>e & ab\t a foot high4 ,ea* "o %\ld be furni%$ ) a slide s t ! bird c be conf9$ :5 necess>y4 ,if ! slide is plan$1 all ! bett]1 z ! date ( ! sitt] c !n be m>k$ on x4 ,! fir/ ?+ is to prep>e ! ne/s4 ,!re is q a knack 9 ?is2 inde$1 success l>gely dep5ds ^u ?is "o ?+4 ,! be/ mat]ial = ?is is s(t hay or /raw1 cut six or eight in*es long1 plac$ ^u a soil bottom4 ,! sides ( ?is ne/ %\ld be pack$ h>d1 ! bottom smoo? & slightly concav$1 n too mu*1 z ! t5d5cy !n w\ld be to break ! eggs if !y cr[d$ t[>ds ! c5tre4 ,!re %\ld be pl5ty ( room 9 ! ne/ = ! bird's feet & legs & ! eggs too1 s t %e c turn at w )\t dang] ( break+ !m4 ,a piece ( t>r$ pap] five or six in*es squ>e1 %\ld be plac$ on ! soil 9 ! bottom ( ! ne/2 ! :ole cov]$ ) a half in* ( f9ely cut /raw4 ,a few porcela9 eggs %\ld be plac$ 9 ! ne/1 & :5 a h5 %[s a /rong desire to incubate %e %\ld be plac$ ^u ! ne/ & ! slide clos$1 giv+ ! bird all ! air %e ne$s4 ,?is removal %\ld be made aft] d>k z ! birds are always m g5tle !n4 ,x is well to set a numb] ( h5s at once1 if !y c be _h1 = reasons t w %ortly appe>4 ,if ! birds take k9dly to ! porcela9 eggs !y c be remov$ ! next ev5+ & replac$ ) ducks' eggs4 ,z !y are mu* l>g] ?an h5's eggs1 n9e or t5 w be en\gh 9 cold wea!r & elev5 or twelve 9 w>m2 proportion$1 ( c\rse1 some?+ to ! size ( ! bird4 ,i always take ! birds f _! ne/s at a c]ta9 "t e day2 !y w le>n to expect x4 ,?is %\ld be done dur+ ! w>me/ "p ( ! day4 ,h&le ,y\r ,h5s ,c>efully4 ,n[ is ! "t to ex]cise caution4 ,take y\r birds (f c>efully sev]al at a "t4 ,if "o %\ld fly 9 y\r face1 break h] eggs & spatt] ! cont5ts ov] y\r p]son1 & y %\ld feel l wr++ h] neck1 don't d x2 y w\ld only be s mu* out4 ,take ?+s easy1 don't get mad2 %e may d bett] next "t1 if n1 replace h] ) "o t w4 ,:5 tak+ y\r birds (f 9 cold wea!r cov] ! eggs at once ) a circul> piece ( heavy pap] previ\sly prep>$1 & !y w n cool p]ceptibly dur+ ! fifte5 m9utes ! birds are (f4 ,be sure & return ea* bird to h] own ne/1 = if y h an uneasy sitt]1 ?\gh %e may spoil h] own eggs1 %e %\ld h no opportunity to spoil ^? ( o!rs4 ,besides1 if y d n1 h5s t h be5 sitt+ b a day or two may be plac$ ^u eggs j ready to hat* :5 %e w n take k9dly to ! "y birds z !y hat*1 & a great mortality is sure to foll[4 ,if y %\ld be runn+ #ajj sitt]s1 ! m y c take (f at a "t ! soon] y w get ?r\gh4 ,h a sponge & w>m wat] h&y z y w h m or less brok5 eggs4 ,! re/ %\ld be wa%$ clean at once & return$ to ! ne/4 ,:5 hat*+ out be sure & remove ! little duckl+s1 z fa/ z !y come out1 to a w>m place to dry (f1 z ow+ to _! long necks & peculi> %ape ! "m h5 w unconsci\sly cru% _m m ( !m ?an %e w\ld ( *icks4 ,9 fact1 !y %\ld nev] see ! h5 aft] be+ tak5 away1 z !y c be gr[n to mu* bett] advantage1 & ) f> less mortality1 9 brood]s4 ,& j "h is ! great economy ( sett+ six or eight h5s at ! same "t2 ! "y duckl+s c be all put toge!r 9 "o brood] & c>$ = ) less tr\ble & ) less mortality ?an t result+ f "o h5 ) h] brood4 ,! duckl+s %\ld be conf9$ 9 y>ds1 ! same c>e & fe$ giv5 !m z already recomm5d$ = artificially hat*$ birds4 ,allusion has already be5 made to ! prov]bial timidity ( ! ,pek9 duck4 ,?is sometimes causes tr\ble to ! gr[] :5 ! birds are conf9$ toge!r 9 l>ge numb]s4 ,:5 six or eight weeks old1 & ev5 aft] !y are full gr[n1 !y (t5 get fright5$1 or galli$ z x 71 9 d>k nights4 ,be+ unable to see1 "o bird w t\* ano!r1 he w spr+ away & come 9 contact ) sev]al m4 ,9 an in/ant ! :ole are 9 ! mo/ viol5t commotion1 :irl+ & tread+ ea* o!r d[n4 ,x w be a p]fect /amp$e & w sometimes be kept up ! entire night4 ,aft] a night ( su* dissipation _m ( ! birds w appe> completely jad$ out1 & "s ( !m unable to rise4 ,( c\rse1 ?is mu/ be /opp$ at once or ! gr[] may bid f>ewell to all fatt5+ or lay+ on ! "p ( ! birds4 ,hang+ lant]ns 9 ! y>ds at /at$ di/ances w usually re/ore ord]4 ,x w n be ne$$ :5 !re is a moon4 ,see t !re are no %>p projections 9 ei!r y>ds or bre$+-p5s1 z bo? old & "y birds are (t5 lam$ = life by simply com+ 9 contact ) !m 9 ! night4 ,too mu* c>e _c be ex]cis$ on ?is po9t1 z ! bones ( ! birds are s small & _! bodies s frail4 ,z has be5 intimat$ be=e1 ducks are n subject to s _m diseases z h5s1--:ile !y are entirely free f lice or body p>asites ( any k9d4 ,inde$1 ,i nev] saw a l\se on a duck 9 all my exp]i5ce4 ,/ill1 x _c be d5i$ t good sanit>y conditions1 toge!r ) pl5ty ( pure air & wat]1 w n only greatly increase ! egg-production1 b facilitate ! gr[? & improve ! prop]ties ( ! duckl+4 ,duckl+s :5 conf9$ to y>ds are sometimes tr\bl$ ) sore eyes4 ,! adjac5t p>ts become inflam$1 ! head slightly swell$4 ,?is is caus$ by fe$+ sloppy food1 & f fil?y qu>t]s4 ,! fea!rs ar\nd ! eyes become fill$ ) ! food1 ! du/ adh]es to !m4 ,! eye is naturally inflam$4 ,wa%+ out ?or\ghly & ba?+ ! eye ) a little sweet oil w usually effect a cure4 ,di>rhoea4 ,"y duckl+s are sometimes afflict$ ) di>rhoea4 ,?is disease is caus$ m by ov]heat+ brood]s & ! exhau/$ condition ( ! "m bird ?an f improp] food4 ,d n ov]fe$ or ov]heat ! duckl+s4 ,fe$ bread or crack] crumbs1 moi/5$ ) boil$ milk1 into :i* a little p[d]$ *alk has be5 du/$4 ,abnormal ,liv]s4 ,?is disease is ! mo/ dang]\s to :i* "y ducks are subject4 ,x is seldom preval5t except dur+ ! w>m wea!r1 & usually 9 "y birds ( f two to six weeks ( age4 ,! liv]s ( ! "y birds enl>ge to su* an ext5t z to =ce up _! backs1--a de=mity :i* w cl+ to !m ?r\gh life4 ,x is caus$ by a complete /agnation ( ! dige/ive organs1 & (t5 makes its appe>ance aft] a heavy ra91 or long wet spell1 :5 ! y>ds are inv>iably wet1 sloppy & (f5sive4 ,! "y birds w1 :ile 9 con/ant contact ) ?is mud1 absorb m or less ( x1 clogg+ ! dige/ive organs1 & d]ang+ _! appetites4 ,remove ! birds to "s dry1 %ady place1 fe$ sp>+ly1 & give a little ( ! ,d\glas mixture 9 ! dr9k+ wat]4 ,duckl+s mu/ be ,c>efully ,y>d$ ,:ile ,"y4 ,a great mortality (t5 occurs to "y duckl+s :5 all[$ free range dur+ w>m wea!r1 f dev\r+ injuri\s insects4 ,bees1 wasps1 hornets1 bugs ( all descriptions1 are eag]ly swall[$ alive b n always ) impunity1 & ! birds (t5 pay ! p5alty ) _! lives4 ,always conf9e !m1 ev5 :5 design$ = bre$+ purposes1 until !y are six weeks old1 :5 !y c be all[$ _! lib]ty4 ,! mo/ ( ! diseases to :i* ducks & f[ls are subject c usually be trac$ to "s infraction ( conditions1 & ( c\rse are always m or less "u ! control ( ! c>eful op]ator4 ,two "y m5 call$ "h a %ort "t ago wi%+ to "k :at 0 ! tr\ble ) _! f[ls4 ,hi!rto !y _h occupi$ a cold build+1 s op5 t ! sn[ sift$ ?r\gh on !m1 & !y _h nev] to _! recollection _h a diseas$ f[l4 ,)9 a ye> !y _h put up a nice1 w>m build+ ) a glass front1 & _! f[ls _h be5 diseas$ ev] s9ce4 ,!y _h %ut _! birds 9 a build+ t w\ld run up to #ajj degrees dur+ ! day & t w\ld g d[n ne>ly to z]o at night1 subject+ _! f[ls to !rmal *anges1 "u :i* nei!r animal or vegetable life c\ld possibly live1 & !n expect !m to ?rive4 ,! amateur p\lt]] %\ld und]/& 9 ! beg9n+ t x is f> easi] to anticipate disease 9 p\ltry ?an to cure x4 ,:]e f[ls are kept 9 l>ge numb]s1 _! heal? & well-be+ c only be insur$ by extreme c>e & cleanl9ess1 toge!r ) a free use ( dis9fectants4 ,build+s %\ld be kept dry1 clean & sweet1 & n too w>m4 ,! great] ! v>iety ( food ! bett]1 s long z x is heal?y & nutriti\s2 :ile gravel1 s&1 %ell & granulat$ *>coal %\ld be kept by !m dur+ conf9em5t 9 w9t]4 ,i am (t5 ask$ by p>ties1 ,:y d s _m w\ld-be p\lt]]s fail if x is a legitimate bus9ess & fairly pr(itable8 ,i reply1 ,i am n prep>$ to conc$e ! po9t t ! proportional numb] ( failures 9 ! p\ltry bus9ess is great] ?an among o!r vocations 9 life4 ,hundr$s ( m5 fail e ye> 9 m]cantile1 manufactur+ & brok]age pursuits4 ,p d n decry any legitimate bus9ess f ?is cause1 because !y "k !re are hundr$s :o are n only gett+ a livelihood1 b are amass+ =tunes at !m4 ,!re are hundr$s1 yes ?\s&s1 ( f>ms on ! m>ket 9 ,new ,engl& today1 = less ?an ! value ( ! build+s1 because _! own]s h made failures ( !m4 ,d m5 d5\nce agriculture8 ,no6 ,because !y "k t f "t immemorial m5 h n only secur$ an hone/ liv+1 b h ga9$ a compet5ce f till+ ! soil4 ,y simply say t x is ! m54 ,:y n be equally frank ) ! p\ltry bus9ess8 ,!y say ! :ole ?+ is contr>y to nature1 & y c't improve ^u nature4 ,c't we8 ,t is j :at man is plac$ ^u ?is sublun>y sph]e =1 & he mu/ beg9 by improv+ himself4 ,) ! pres5t opportunities = obta9+ in=mation1 no "o has a "r to rema9 ignorant because he beg9s by mak+ a failure ( himself2 & :5 a man has fail$ 9 ! p\ltry bus9ess or else:]e1 x is simply want ( t indomitable pluck1 en]gy1 & p]sev]5ce1 :i* are ! requisites ( success ev]y:]e1 c\pl$ ) a dis9cl9ation to sacrifice 8 com=t & ease1 or con=m 8 life to 8 bus9ess requirem5ts4 ,aga91 we he> t artificially gr[n f[ls are /unt$ & small1 ! fle% ta/eless & insipid1 & _m o!r ?+s :i* h no %ad[ ( tru? 9 !m4 ,i app5d ! te/imonials ( "s ( ! l>ge/ p\ltry deal]s bo? 9 ,bo/on & ,new ,york cities1 :o *e]fully & volunt>ily te/ify to ! sup]iority ( our artificially-gr[n birds4 ,^! firms are squ>e & hone/ deal]s1 & we he>tily recomm5d !m to any :o /& 9 ne$ ( _! s]vices4 ,i h endeavor$ 9 ?is little book to imp>t :at little k ,i possess on ?is important subject to ! read]4 ,if he c le>n wisdom by my exp]i5ce & avoid ! errors into :i* ,i fell1 x is all ,i ask4 ,! bus9ess1 z ,i h le>n$ its details1 has become m pr(itable ea* ye>2 :ile ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ season has be5 highly satisfactory1 z ! dem& has be5 great] ?an ev] be=e4 ,,=mulas ,,= ,,fe$+ ,,ducks4 ,= ,bre$+ ,birds4 7,old & "y1 dur+ ! ,fall47 ,we turn !m out to pa/ure1 :5 we c1 9 lots ( #bjj4 ,fe$ ?ree p>ts :eat-bran2 "o "p l[ grade fl\r2 "o "p corn meal2 five p] c5t4 ( beef-scrap2 ?ree p] c5t4 ( grit1 & all ! gre5 fe$ !y w eat1 9 ! %ape ( corn-fodd]1 cut f9e1 clov] or oat-fodd]4 ,fe$ ?is mixture twice a day1 all !y w eat4 ,= ,lay+ ,birds4 ,equal p>ts ( :eat-bran & corn meal2 t5 p] c5t4 beef-scrap2 tw5ty p] c5t4 ( l[ grade fl\r2 t5 p] c5t4 ( boil$ turnips or potatoes2 fifte5 p] c5t4 ( clov]-r[51 gre5 rye or refuse cabbage1 *opp$ f9e2 ?ree p] c5t4 ( grit4 ,fe$ twice a day1 all !y w eat1 ) a lun* ( corn & oats at noon4 ,keep grit & gr\nd oy/] %ells con/antly by !m4 ,we nev] cook ! food = our ducks1 b mix x ) cold wat]4 ,= ,fe$+ at ,diff]5t ,/ages ( ,gr[?4 ,! fir/ f\r days1 fe$ f\r p>ts :eat-bran2 "o "p corn-meal2 "o "p l[ grade fl\r2 five p] c5t4 f9e grit4 ,fe$ f\r times a day1 :at !y w eat clean4 ,:5 f f\r days to f\r weeks old1 fe$ f\r p>ts :eat-bran2 "o "p corn-meal2 "o "p l[-grade fl\r2 ?ree p] c5t4 f9e grit2 five p] c5t4 ( f9e gr\nd beef-scrap1 soak$4 ,f9ely cut gre5 clov]1 rye or cabbage4 ,fe$ f\r times a day4 ,:5 f f\r to eight weeks old1 fe$ ?ree p>ts :eat-bran2 "o "p corn-meal2 "o "p l[-grade fl\r2 five p] c5t4 ( f9e grit2 five p] c5t4 ( beef-scrap4 ,mix 9 gre5 food4 ,"o p] c5t4 f9e oy/] %ells4 ,fe$ f\r times a day4 ,:5 f six to eight weeks old1 fe$ equal p>ts corn-meal2 :eat-bran & fifte5 p] c5t4 l[ grade fl\r2 t5 p] c5t4 ( beef-scrap2 t5 p] c5t4 ( gre5 food2 ?ree p] c5t4 ( grit4 ,fe$ ?ree times a day4 ,:5 f eight to t5 weeks old1 fe$ "o half corn-meal2 equal p>ts ( :eat-bran & l[ grade fl\r2 t5 p] c5t4 ( beef-scrap2 ?ree p] c5t4 ( grit4 ,oy/] %ells & less gre5 food4 ,fe$ ?ree times a day4 ,!y %\ld n[ be ready = m>ket4 ,note4--,! above +r$i5ts %\ld be made into a ma%1 & %\ld be crumbly1 n pa/y4 ,proportions by measure1 n weight4 ,,"q ,,bureau4 ,,"q #a4--,:y d my ducks n lay8 ,i fe$ !m all ! corn !y w eat4 ,,answ]4--,ducks w n lay on h>d gra9 alone4 ,!y %\ld h a ma% compos$ ( equal p>ts :eat-bran1 corn-meal1 & tw5ty p] c5t4 l[ grade fl\r1 ) ab\t "o-qu>t] gre5 food & vegetables2 t5 p] c5t4 ( beef-scrap1 ) grit & oy/] %ells4 ,,"q #b4--,my duckl+s are weak 9 ! legs1 _c /&1 & soon die4 ,:at is ! matt]8 ,,answ]4--,y\r tr\ble is too highly conc5trat$ food & too mu* ( x4 ,fe$ on ma% compos$ l>gely ( :eat-bran1 l[-grade fl\r & ab\t fifte5 p] c5t4 ( corn-meal4 ,mix 9 pl5ty ( gre5 food1 z gre5 rye1 clov]1 corn-fodd]1 etc4 ,t5 p] c5t4 ( gr\nd beef-scrap1 or o!r animal food2 five p] c5t4 ( co>se s&4 ,?is diet is absolutely necess>y to prop]ly develop ! bird & =m fle%1 bone & fea!rs4 ,fe$ sp>+ly4 ,?is is ess5tial1 z x invites ex]cise1 :i* is mu* ne$$ dur+ close conf9em5t 9 inclem5t wea!r4 ,,"q #c4--,my duckl+s are tr\bl$ ) sore eyes & d n seem to ?rive1 :at c ,i d = !m8 ,,answ]4--,?is disease savors ( fil?y qu>t]s1 & yet x is n always attribut$ to t4 ,improp] assimilation ( food ?r\gh want ( grit & o!r +r$i5ts w h a t5d5cy 9 ! same direction4 ,a gummy secretion exudes f ! eyes1 h>d5+ up among ! fea!rs ar\nd !m1 s]i\sly ret>d+ ! gr[? & developm5t ( ! bird4 ,fe$ sp>+ly ( light food ) pl5ty ( grit1 & spr9kle a little g+] 9 _! food4 ,remove ! bird to clean qu>t]s & a few days w usually effect a cure4 ,,"q #d4--;,i am los+ my duckl+s f di>rhoea4 ,h b tw5ty left out ( eighty1 & !y are n t5 days old4 ,please c\nsel me8 ,,answ]4--,?is disease may h sev]al causes1 ?\gh ,i am conv9c$ t ! food has b little to d ) x4 ,x may orig9ate ?r\gh ! deg5]ate condition ( ! p>5t bird1 & consequ5t want ( vitality 9 ! egg f :i* ! little bird comes out 9 no %ape to live2 or f ! extremes ( heat & cold to :i* ! eggs h be5 subject$ dur+ ! process ( incubation2 or f ! same cause aft] ! little duckl+ has be5 plac$ 9 ! brood]4 ,i am conv9c$ t ) a c>eful selection ( ! prop] +r$i5ts 9 fe$+ ! old bird1 & a reasonable control ( ! heat 9 ! incubator & brood] 7if !y are good ones71 !re ne$ be b little appreh5sion f ?is disease4 ,,"q #e4--,my bre$+ birds h ! gapes4 ,!y /ret* _! necks & gape1 eat no?+1 & die 9 a few days4 ,c y diagnose ! case & help me8 ,,answ]4--,?is is und\bt$ly a lung tr\ble1 = on dissect+ ! birds1 ,i h always f\nd ! lungs n only highly inflam$ b ne>ly gone4 ,= ye>s ,i _h suppos$ ?is disease incurable1 & incid5tal to bird & clime1 b lat] exp]i5ce has conv9c$ me t x is n only l>gely "u control b easily anticipat$4 ,fir/1 ,i nev] knew a case 9 summ] or e>ly spr+1 :5 ! birds 7 n conf9$ to build+s b _h free & op5 range1 & only :5 conf9$ dur+ inclem5t wea!r1 s t x is m or less a d5iz5 ( f\l air & fil?y qu>t]s4 ,i w\ld mu* r h my bre$+ h\ses freeze a little ?an to h !m fill$ ) foetid air1 & ! birds brea! ov] & ov] aga9 ! ammonia aris+ f _! own excrem5ts4 ,x is "o ?+ = ! birds to be conf9$ ov] _! own ordure1 _! no/rils b a few in*es f x1 b q ano!r ) ! att5dant 9 ! walk ) 8 nose six feet away4 ,he may ?9k 8 build+s q clean & free f noxi\s gases1 b c\ld 8 ducks speak !y w\ld tell him a diff]5t /ory4 ,?is disease1 if tak5 9 ! e>ly /ages1 c usually be cur$4 ,isolate ! bird ) ! fir/ appe>ance ( tr\ble1 9 a w>m1 dry place4 ,fe$ on food =mula = little duckl+s4 ,mix a little cay5ne pepp] 9 ! food1 a little ,d\glas ,mixture 9 ! dr9k+ wat]1 & a l>ge proportion ( ! affect$ birds may be sav$4 ,keep y\r bre$+ birds dry & clean :5 conf9$4 ,,"q #f4--;,i turn$ my duckl+s out 9 a grass plot today & h lo/ ne>ly "o-?ird ( !m4 ,:at is ! cause8 ,,answ]4--,?is may result f two causes4 ,duckl+s f two to f\r weeks old are rav5\s birds & w dev\r all mann] ( insects )9 _! rea*1 :i* !y d n /op to kill4 ,bees1 wasps1 hornets & beetles ( all descriptions are acceptable1 & ! little birds1 !mselves1 (t5 pay ! p5alty ) _! lives4 ,aga91 at t age1 !y are extremely s5sitive to ! heat ( ! sun1 & !y mu/ h %ade4 ,ye>s ago1 we sometimes lo/ tw5ty birds out ( a hundr$ 9 ?irty m9utes1 be=e we knew ! cause4 ,,"q #g4--;,h[ _m birds %\ld con/itute a bre$+-y>d8 ,,answ]4--,tw5ty-five is en\gh unless ! birds h free range1 !n fifty may run toge!r ) safety4 ,,"q #h4--;,h[ %all ,i proportion ! sexes = ! be/ results8 ,,answ]4--,five ducks to "o drake4 ,lat] 9 ! season1 six or eight ducks to "o drake4 ,,"q #i4--;,h[ c ,i di/+ui% ! sexes8 ,,answ]4--,x is easy = ! exp]t to detect ! sex ( ! bird :5 v "y4 ,! drake has a long] bill1 neck & body1 ) a m upright c>riage4 ,at two mon?s old ! duck may be di/+ui%$ by h] co>se quack1 ! drake by a f9e1 rasp+ noise1 & lat] on by ! curl$ fea!rs 9 8 tail4 ,,"q #aj4--;,h[ soon w a "y duck beg9 lay+8 ,,answ]4--,at ab\t five mon?s old1 (t5 at f\r & a half mon?s old4 ,at pres5t1 ,septemb] #a/1 we are gett+ "s ?ree doz5 eggs p] day f our "y birds1 & we are try+ to hold !m back all we c by light fe$+4 ,,"q #aa4--,:i* w lay fir/1 old or "y birds8 ,,answ]4--,"y birds w usually lay f two to ?ree weeks be=e ! old ones1 b z ! fir/ eggs ( ! old birds are usually m f]tile ?an eggs f ! "y ones1 !re is v little discrepancy 9 ! result4 ,,"q #ab4--;,h[ _m eggs w a ,pek9 duck lay 9 a season8 ,,answ]4--,ab\t "o hundr$ & =ty4 ,_! fecundity is wond]ful1 excell+ t ( any o!r duck4 ,we h birds 9 "s y>ds ) a record ( "o hundr$ & sixty-five eggs to ea* bird4 ,,"q #ac4--,to :at age is x pr(itable to keep a duck8 ,,answ]4--,we h kept !m till f\r ye>s old ) good results4 ,if n =c$ !y may be kept long] to advantage4 ,,"q #ad4--;,is !re a m>ket = _! eggs1 & at :at price8 ,,answ]4--,pek9 duck eggs sell readily 9 m>ket1 z !y are mu* l>g] ?an ! o!r duck eggs4 ,!y comm& f five to t5 c5ts p] doz5 m ?an h5's eggs4 ,,"q #ae4--;,h[ mu* does x co/ to keep a duck ea* season8 ,,answ]4--,f #a4ge to #b4jj4 ,!y are gross fe$]s1 ( bulky food1 b ! great] numb] & value ( ! eggs 9 m>ket ov] ! av]age h51 makes ! duck m pr(itable z an egg-produc] ?an ! h54 ,,"q #af4--;,at :at season are ! eggs ( a duck mo/ f]tile8 ,,answ]4--,dur+ ! mon?s ( ,febru>y1 ,m>*1 ,april & ,may1 ?\gh !y are usually f]tile ) u dur+ ,janu>y1 ,june1 & ev5 ,july4 ,,"q #ag4--,:at p] c5t4 ( ! eggs w usually hat*8 ,,answ]4--,t dep5ds entirely ^u h[ ! "m-bird is c>$ = & f$4 ,see =mula = lay+ birds4 ,,"q #ah4--,:at is ! av]age loss su/a9$ 9 gr[+ duckl+s8 ,,answ]4--,n m ?an two p] c5t4 ) u1 b x dep5ds l>gely ^u h[ ! old birds are f$2 h[ ! eggs are incubat$1 & ! "y birds c>$ =4 ,,"q #ai4--;,h[ _m birds c be safely kept 9 "o brood] & "o y>d8 ,,answ]4--,ab\t "o hundr$1 & z !y gr[ old]1 unless ! y>ds are ( good size1 a less numb] w\ld gr[ & fat bett]4 ,,"q #bj4--;,at :at age %\ld ! "y birds be put ^u ! m>ket8 ,,answ]4--,:5 ! prices are v high 9 ! e>ly spr+ we m>ket !m at ab\t n9e weeks old1 :5 !y w dress f t5 to elev5 p\nds p] pair4 ,lat] on1 :5 prices are l[]1 we m>ket !m at t5 to elev5 weeks old1 :5 !y w dress f twelve to ?irte5 p\nds p] pair4 ,,"q #ba4--,:5 & h[ d y select y\r bre$+ birds8 ,,answ]4--,z soon z we c di/+ui% ! quality & m]its ( ! bird1 & f our e>lie/ hat*es1 z !y always develop into l>g] & bett] birds4 ,,"q #bb4--;,h[ d y treat ! "y birds = bre$+ purposes8 ,,answ]4--,turn !m out to pa/ure1 & fe$ lightly on food calculat$ to develop bone1 muscle & fea!rs4 ,,"q #bc4--,:at %all ,i d to keep my ducks /ill 9 ! night1 :5 !y make a great noise & commotion8 ,"s ( !m are brok5 d[n & _c /&4 ,,answ]4--,hang a lant]n 9 _! y>d4 ,y mu/ keep !m /ill4 ,,"q #bd4--;,c ducks be %ipp$ safely any di/ance8 ,,answ]4--,we %ip ducks safely all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,canada & ,europe4 ,,"q #be4--,w\ld y recomm5d incubator or h5s = hat*+ duck's eggs8 ,,answ]4--,incubator1 by all means1 if hat*$ 9 l>ge quantities4 ,,"q #bf4--,w\ld y use brood]s1 if hat*$ "u h5s8 ,,answ]4--,brood]s are bett] ?an h5s1 = two reasons4 ,x is less tr\ble to c>e = !m4 ,h5s cru% l>ge numb]s ( !m :5 small4 ,,"q #bg4--;,h[ long c ! eggs be kept = hat*+8 ,,answ]4--,!y c be kept ?ree weeks1 safely1 if kept on end1 9 a cool place1 b %\ld pref] !m fre%]4 ,,"q #bh4--;,c ,pek9 ducks be cross$ ) o!r bre$s pr(itably8 ,,answ]4--,f our exp]i5ce1 we c say no4 ,9 e case x has requir$ long] "t to mature ! mongrels1 & z ! prices decl9e 9 ! e>ly spr+1 ?is is q an item1 besides ! introduction ( color$ fea!rs injures ! appe>ance ( ! dress$ bird1 z well z ! quality ( ! fea!rs1 :i* is also q an item4 ,,"q #bi4--,:at is ! price ( duck's fea!rs 9 ! m>ket8 ,,answ]4--,=m]ly1 :ite duck fea!rs comm&$ fifty c5ts p] p\nd1 b s9ce :ite fea!rs h be5 import$ f ,russia 9 su* quantities1 ours av]age ab\t =ty-five c5ts p] p\nd4 ,,"q #cj4--,:at makes _! w+s turn out f _! bodies8 ,,answ]4--,?is is (t5 caus$ by ! rapid developm5t ( ! bird4 ,! re/+ fea!rs on ! sides "u ! w+s1 d n keep pace ) ! rapid gr[? ( ! bird1 & ! con/ant ef=ts ( ! bird to keep ! w+s 9 place1 t5ds to turn ! w+s outw>d4 ,we h always notic$ t ^! are inv>iably ! be/ birds4 ,,"q #ca4--,:i* are ! mo/ pr(itable1 ducks or *ick5s8 ,,answ]4--,?is w dep5d ^u :e!r ! gr[] is a c>e-tak]1 or :e!r he is c>eless1 lazy or untidy4 ,we ?9k t ducks w be> m neglect ?an *icks1 b x w n d to presume ^u t1 z ducks w n ?rive 9 fil? m ?an *icks4 ,we ?9k t ! av]age price ( *icks 9 m>ket is r high] ?an t ( ducks1 b z x co/s at lea/ two c5ts less p] p\nd to produce duck fle%1 ?an t ( ! *ick1 !re is v little diff]5ce4 ,,"q #cb4--,:]e are ! be/ m>kets = ducks8 ,,answ]4--,good m>kets may be f\nd 9 all ( our l>ge cities1 ?\gh we ?9k ,new ,york & ,bo/on ! be/4 ,sometimes1 :5 l>ge %ipm5ts produce a glut 9 ! ,new ,york m>kets1 ! surplus is %ipp$ to ,bo/on1 :]e x may be a c5t or two high]4 ,!n 9 a few days ?+s may be rev]s$ & ! exodus be ! o!r way1 & z ! freight is only "o-half c5t p] p\nd betwe5 ! two cities1 ,i h kn[n tons to be %ipp$ at a "t4 ,,"q #cc4--,:at w\ld a plant co/1 ) a capacity ( #e1jjj duckl+s1 p] ye>8 ,,answ]4--,) good ma*9es1 & build+s b>ely practical1 #a1ejj 7if economically exp5d$7 w\ld cov] co/1 indep5d5t ( l&4 ,,"q #cd4--,:at effect does extremes ( heat & cold h ^u "y duckl+s8 ,,answ]4--,aft] !y are a week old !y w /& mu* m ( ei!r ?an *icks4 ,,"q #ce4--;,is ! fle% ( birds artificially gr[n1 z good z t gr[n 9 ! natural mann]8 ,,answ]4--,j z good4 ,! quality ( ! fle% dep5ds entirely ^u ! c>e & fe$ giv5 ! birds4 ,,"q #cf4--;,h[ l>ge %\ld ! y>ds be 9 :i* ! bre$+ birds are kept8 ,,answ]4--,at lea/ "o hundr$ feet long1 :]e ! build+s are long1 & ! wid? ( ! p5s 9 :i* ! birds are h\s$4 ,,"q #cg4--;,d y ?9k x w pay to gr[ cel]y to flavor ! fle% ( ! birds8 ,,answ]4--,we h nev] done s1 & p>ties :o h gr[n cel]y = t purpose1 h discont9u$ x z be+ unpr(itable 9 ! end1 z !y 7 n able to obta9 increas$ prices = _! product4 ,,"q #ch4--,:at is ! be/ gre5 food = ducks1 old & "y8 ,,answ]4--,gre5 clov]1 gre5 corn-fodd]1 rye1 oats & clov]-r[5 cur$ nicely1 ) gre5 rye1 9 w9t] :5 gr\nd is b>e4 ,,"q #ci4--,%\ld ,pek9 duck eggs be pure :ite8 ,,answ]4--,yes4 ,,"q #dj4--,%\ld a pure br$ ,pek9 h any black fea!rs8 ,,answ]4--,no4 ,! fea!rs %\ld be a creamy :ite4 ,d>k fea!rs are a sign ( mongrel /ock4 ,,"q #da4--,w ra9 injure "y duckl+s8 ,,answ]4--,!y are z susceptible to ra9 z *icks up to ?ree weeks ( age1 b aft] t1 w endure m1 & at eight or t5 weeks old1 w really enjoy a good ra9 /orm4 ,,"q #db4--;,h[ l>ge d ,pek9 ducks gr[8 ,,answ]4--,we h _h drakes to tip ! scales at #ac p\nds ea*1 ?\gh ?is is some:at r>e4 ,! pa/ season1 "o ( our drakes weigh$ #i-a_/b p\nds1 dress$1 at #aj weeks old4 ,,"q #dc4--,:at is ! weight ( ,pek9 duck eggs8 ,,answ]4--,9 ! height ( ! season1 ours weigh ab\t #c p\nds to ! doz54 ,,"q #dd4--;,is wet1 m>%y l& suitable = ducks8 ,,answ]4--,%\ld pref] dry l& contigu\s to a /ream or pond4 ,,"q #de4--;,h[ _m duck eggs %\ld be plac$ "u "o h58 ,,answ]4--,f n9e to elev51 dep5d+ ^u ! size ( ! h54 ,,"q #df4--;,h[ long does x require to incubate duck eggs8 ,,answ]4--,pek9 eggs tw5ty-sev5 days4 ,muscovy eggs ?irty-two days1 same z geese4 ,,"q #dg4--;,d ,pek9 ducks sit well on eggs8 ,,answ]4--,no4 ,!y are unreliable4 ,h5s are bett]4 ,a good incubator /ill bett]4 ,,"q #dh4--;,if y 7 a "y man1 ) ! same exp]i5ce y h n[1 w\ld y ent] ! p\ltry bus9ess8 ,,answ]4--,i c]ta9ly w\ld1 = two reasons4 ,fir/1 because x is a cong5ial occupation to me2 second1 x is by f> ! mo/ pr(itable ( any bran* ( f>m indu/ry4 ,,"q #di4--,:o is ! be/ commission deal] 9 ,bo/on m>ket to :om ,i c\ld consign my product8 ,,answ]4--,we consid] ,adams & ,*apman1 ,nor? ,m>ket ,/41 safe & reliable1 & a fir/-class firm 9 e respect4 ,,"q #ej4--,:o is ! be/ retail deal]8 ,,answ]4--,we consid] ,na?an ,robb9s ,co41 ,qu9cy ,m>ket1 z ,a-#a4 ,!y h h&l$ a l>ge "p ( our product = _m ye>s1 & we w\ld he>tily recomm5d !m4 ,our ,imp]ial ,pek9 ,ducks4 ,we run "o ( ! l>ge/ duck f>ms 9 ,am]ica2 & ! birds 9 our bre$+ p5s are ! v *oice/1 c>efully select$1 f ! ?\s&s we raise1 & are all br$ f our premium y>ds4 ,we feel ju/ly pr\d ( our birds2 = n only h !y won all ! premiums at ,new ,engl& ,/ate ,fairs1 b ?r\gh\t ! ,we/1 ,s\? & ,canada4 ,our birds _c be duplicat$ 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,we confid5tly *all5ge competition2 &1 /range to say1 ! birds 9 our y>ds are n[ f> sup]ior to our be/ import$ birds4 ,!y ?rive bett] on our fe$ & 9 our climate ?an 9 t 9 :i* !y orig9at$4 ,! ,bo/on & ,new ,york m>ketm5 h repeat$ly assur$ u t our ducks are ! be/ t come into ! m>ket1 & z a natural consequ5ce we h n be5 able to fill our ord]s = m>ket ducks4 ,our birds h dress$1 on an av]age1 ! pa/ season1 twelve p\nds p] pair1 at n9e & t5 weeks old4 ,we h n[ #b1ejj ( ^! mammo? birds 9 our bre$+ p5s1 & we are prep>$ to fill all ord]s = bo? birds & eggs at reasonable prices4 ,our "y birds comm5ce lay+ at five mon?s old1 lay ?r\gh ! fall mon?s1 m\lt slightly dur+ ! fir/ ( ,decemb]1 & ab\t ! middle ( ,decemb] beg9 aga94 ,! av]age numb] ( eggs laid by our ducks we f9d1 aft] c>eful computation1 to be ab\t #adj ea* ye>--m ?an our be/ h5s4 ,our birds & eggs h giv5 univ]sal satisfaction :]ev] !y h gone2 & we h num]\s lett]s f our patrons1 express+ !mselves z m ?an satisfi$ ) _! b>ga9s4 ,our prices range z foll[s3 ,p] pair1 accord+ to size & quality1 f #d4jj to #f4jj ,p] trio1 accord+ to size & quality1 f #f4jj to #i4jj ,exhibition birds1 ea* #e4jj1 or #aj4jj p] pair ,eggs f our *oice y>ds1 p] sett+ ( #ae #b4jj ,eggs f our p] two sett+s #c4ej ,eggs f our p] fifty #e4jj ,eggs f our p] hundr$ #h4jj ,eggs f our p] ?\s& #gj4jj ,! above prices may seem l>ge to "s1 b :5 x is kn[n t _m ( ! birds we n[ (f] = sale 7 wor? ,june #a/1 #a4ej ea* 9 ! m>ket1 & t we h kept !m = ! la/ six mon?s at a co/ ( n less ?an fifty c5ts ea*1 x is easy to see t ! pr(its are n l>ge4 ,our maximum price = m>ket birds ! pres5t season 0 ?irty c5ts p] p\nd2 ! m9imum1 eighte5 c5ts4 ,our ducks are all hat*$ & rais$ artificially1 & are put ^u ! m>ket at a co/ n exce$+ six c5ts p] p\nd4 ,,te/imonials4 ,,pek9 ,,ducks4 ,,niles1 ,ohio1 ,oct4 #bh1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ducks arriv$ safely & prompt1 & ,i ?ank y v mu* = s5d+ su* f9e l>ge ducks--:y !y are m l geese z f> z size4 ,i also ?ank y = ! prompt att5tion giv5 my ord]4 ,! poor little duck ,i kept ( ! ones rais$ by me ?is ye> looks v small--only ab\t "o-?ird ! size ( ^? receiv$ f y1 & ,i ?\ght h] q a respectable size be=e4 ,i've long want$ "s ( y\r ducks1 & ,i'm v mu* pleas$ ) !m4 ,wi%+ y great] success1 ,i rema91 ,respectfully y\rs1 ,,cl>a ,g4 ,,c>atu4 ,r4 ,f4 ,d4 #a1 ,niles1 ,ohio4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rusl]/[n1 ,md41 ,sept4 #ba1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,jas4 ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,i beg to advise t ! ducks h be5 receiv$1 & ) !m ,i am v mu* pleas$4 ,am build+ a home = !m 9 accordance ) y\r plans1 & :5 x is complet$ ,i %all want m ducks4 ,y\rs v truly1 ,h4 ,d4 ,,ow54 99 99 99 99 99 ,,cambridge ,,spr+s1 ,pa41 ,sept4 #ah1 #aije4 ,de> ,sir-- ,receiv$ ! ducks all "r4 ,am well pleas$ ) !m4 ,y\rs truly1 ,m4 ,f4 ,,tra9]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,mt4 ,,holly1 ,sept4 #bh1 #aije4 ,de> ,sir-- ,i receiv$ ! ducks today1 & ,i am well satisfi$ ) !m4 ,?ank+ y = y\r promptness1 ,i rema9 ,,j]emiah ,,donovan4 ,r4 ,f4 ,d4 ,no4 #a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,tradesm5',s ,,national ,,bank4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,depository ( ,pittsburgh4 ,may #bj1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,! f\r 7#d7 ducks y s5t me arriv$ on ! #af?1 & ,i want to ?ank y = s promptly & satisfactorily fill+ my ord]4 ,i am v highly pleas$ ) !m4 ,s9c]ely y\rs1 ,t4 ,b4 ,,b>nes4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,:ite ,,pla9s1 ,md41 ,m>4 #bg1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,we are pleas$ to say t duck eggs arriv$ safe1 only f\r brok54 ,we te/$ !m & got #if p] c5t4 f]tile4 ,v good4 ,?anks = promptness4 ,may s5d = ano!r #ajj soon4 ,y\rs v respectfully1 ,,g\gh ,,bros4 ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,baltimore1 ,md41 ,saturday1 ,jan4 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,rank93 ,! duck arriv$ safely ye/]day4 ,v _m ?anks4 ,%e is a lovely l>ge bird4 ,,mrs4 ,e4 ,c4 ,,rob9son4 ,elg94 99 99 99 99 99 ,,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y41 ,may #c1 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ,pek9 duck eggs y %ipp$ me arriv$ safely1 n "o brok54 ,w\ld h writt5 soon]1 b wait$ to see result ( ! hat*4 ,i h t5 little beauties4 ,%\ld h _h ?irte51 b ! *ick5 cru%$ ?ree1 two 7 unf]tile4 ,b ,i am v well pleas$4 ,?ank y = su* fair treatm5t4 ,wi%+ y e success1 y\rs s9c]ely1 ,b4 ,,nicklaus4 ,vi5na ,ave4 & ,b>by ,/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,arl+ton ,,heights1 ,mass41 ,jan4 #ag1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,receiv$ ! drake & ducks all "r1 & ,i mu/ 9 c&or tell y h[ pleas$ my wife & daught] 7 ) !m4 ,i h two ducks ,i 0 told 7 y\r /ra91 b !y are eclips$ by ^? y s5t me4 ,i hope lat] on1 ,i may s5d = m1 z ,i am highly pleas$ ) !m4 ,y\rs respectfully1 ,r4 ,,p>k4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,common ,,pleas ,,c\rt1 #aj? ,di/rict4 ,,bucyrus1 ,ohio1 ,may #g1 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,we receiv$ ! ducks & !y are good 9 e respect1 & beside ,mr4 ----1 make 8 look l culls4 ,if he s5ds ! same k9d to e p]son1 he is c]ta9ly a detrim5t to ! bus9ess4 ,he excus$ himself by say+ t he 0 away f home2 !n he reta9s incompet5t help4 ,no criticism :atev] c be made ( y\r selection1 & ! ducks y s5t u are z good z y\r reputation1 & ! latt] is ! be/ 9 ?is "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,we %all probably want a few %[ birds ?is fall1 & w write y lat]4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,james ,c4 ,,tobias4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,owosso1 ,mi*41 ,oct4 #ba1 #aijd4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,s4 ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,i ov]look$ writ+ y 9 reg>d to ! drakes4 ,! fir/ lot arriv$ nicely1 except two4 ,"o seem$ to be q badly lam$1 & ! o!r a little4 ,we took !m out imm$iately on arrival1 & ! "o t 0 slightly lam$ has come out all "r4 ,! o!r fell[ di$4 ,probably got h>d usage some:]e on ! road4 ,! lot "r ?r\gh 0 a v nice lot4 ,! second lot arriv$ 9 f9e condition1 & ! two lots toge!r are entirely satisfactory e way4 ,d n see h[ any "o c\ld ask = any?+ nic]4 ,! hundr$ we _h f y la/ ye> 7 equally z good1 h[ev]1 9 fact1 c see no diff]5ce4 ,ei!r ! drakes or ! ducks ought to be satisfactory to any reasonable p]son4 ,y\rs truly1 ,e4 ,f4 ,,dudley4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,gl5 ,,wild ,p4 ,o41 ,sullivan ,co41 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! trio ( ,pek9 ,ducks arriv$ safe on ,monday1 ,oct4 #c;d4 ,!y are exactly z repres5t$4 ,i l !m v mu*4 ,!y seem to be v tame & easy to get along )4 ,v truly1 7,mrs47 ,,edg> ,,ket*am4 99 99 99 99 99 ,u4 ,s4 ,s4 ,=w>d41 ,,key ,,we/1 ,fla41 ,may #bc1 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,j4 ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,sitt+ ( eggs duly receiv$ la/ mon?4 ,got n[ t5 lively duckl+s1 _h elev51 b "o got kill$4 ,?ank+ y = prompt att5tion1 ,i rema91 ,v truly y\rs1 ,,geo4 ,,s*opf]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,hill ,,city1 ,s\? ,dakota1 ,june #aa1 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,,rank93 ,i receiv$ ducks ,o4 ,k4 ,my o!r ducks are lay+ f9e4 ,!y are all f9e ones2 al?\gh !y co/ me #d4ib #a-b apiece ,i w\ld n take ! money back = !m4 ,g4 ,w4 ,,wallace4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,portage ,,la ,,prairie1 ,manitoba1 ,nov4 #c1 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,i am v mu* pleas$ ) ! ducks y s5t me1 !y are ! f9e/ pair ,i ev] saw4 ,! p "h say !y are l geese4 ,?ank y = ! spl5did selection y made = me4 ,,geo4 ,e4 ,,/acey4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,nor? ,,detroit1 ,mi*41 ,r4 ,f4 ,d4 ,no4 #b1 ,jan4 #i1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ducks arriv$ safe ,saturday ev5+1 ,jan4 #g1 9 good condition4 ,i am v mu* pleas$ ) y\r selection4 ,!y are c]ta9ly two f9e birds4 ,i rema91 ,y\rs truly1 ,,*as4 ,,gl>bon4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,morris1 ,ill41 ,jan4 #bd1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ducks arriv$ 9 good condition1 & !y are ! l>ge/ ducks ,i h ev] se54 ,?ank y = y\r satisfactory %ipm5t4 ,y\rs truly1 ,l4 ,l4 ,,ness4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ea/ ,,b]l91 ,conn41 ,m>* #bi1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,rank93 ,i receiv$ ! duck eggs ?is aft]noon 9 f9e ord]1 & ,i am delight$ ) !m4 ,!y are beautiful eggs1 & ,i feel sure ( a good hat*+4 ,i only expect$ n9e1 z my fri5ds all told me t n9e 0 a sitt+4 ,i am m ?an pleas$ to receive #ae4 ,i w let y "k h[ _m birds ,i get lat]4 ,y\rs ) _m ?anks1 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,mc,c,r,u,m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,monroe1 ,n4 ,y41 ,june #f1 #aijd4 ,,mr4 ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,excuse me = n writ+ to y soon]4 ,i h be5 s busy t ,i h n tak5 ! "t1 b ,i receiv$ ! duck eggs 9 due "t1 also ! little book1 = :i* ,i ?ank y v mu*4 ,receiv$ #ae eggs1 m ?an ,i expect$ = a sitt+4 ,two 7 crack$1 z ! basket look$ z if x _h be5 h&l$ r\ghly by ! ,express ,co4 ,out ( ! ?irte5 7#ac7 rema9d]1 7 hat*$ elev5 ducks1 b ! h5 kill$ two ( !m on ! ne/4 ,t left n9e 7#i7 f9e little ducks1 :i* are all alive at pres5t & do+ nicely--! l>ge/ ,i ev] saw = _! age4 ,!y are n[ b t5 days old1 b ,i w\ld n take five doll>s = !m1 z !y look z if !y 7 go+ to make f9e big fell[s4 ,i don't m9d buy+ eggs f a man l y1 z y are sure to get y\r money's wor?4 ,wi%+ y a prosp]\s season1 ,,*as4 ,g4 ,,re9h>dt4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,elwood1 ,ind41 ,jan4 #ac1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! trio ( ,pek9 ducks receiv$ 9 good condition4 ,am well pleas$4 ,also ! book on ,duck ,culture receiv$ & read1 :i* 0 mu* enjoy$4 ,le>n$ _m new po9ts 9 duck rais+4 ,?ank+ y1 ,i am ,y\rs respectfully1 ,mrs4 ,a4 ,t4 ,,cox4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,elkton1 ,md41 ,jan4 #i1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,receiv$ ducks ye/]day 9 good condition1 & ,i am pleas$ ) !m4 ,c y let me h two m ducks at same price & z nice z ^!8 ,if s1 let me he> f y1 & oblige1 ,y\rs respectfully1 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,b4 ,,conn]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ea/ ,,b]l91 ,ct41 ,may #d1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,i want to tell y h[ delight$ ,i am ) my little ducks4 ,i _h #ac out ( #ae eggs4 ,only "o egg t 0 bad1 z !re 0 "o duckl+ 9 ! egg1 b 0 n /rong en\gh to come out4 ,b ,i am m ?an pleas$ ) my #ac4 ,i feel sure !y w gr[ to be f9e1 l>ge ducks4 ,y\rs respectfully1 ,mrs4 ,s4 ,mc,c,r,u,m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rockaway1 ,n4 ,j41 ,jan4 #i1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! two ducks & a drake y %ipp$ me arriv$ 9 good condition4 ,!y are ! f9e/ birds ( _! class ,i ev] saw4 ,diff]5t p :o h exam9$ !m say !y are ! bigge/ & be/ ducks !y ev] look$ at4 ,y\rs resptfully ,,george ,s4 ,,/one4 ,morris ,c\nty4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lynbrook1 ,long ,isl&1 ,oct4 #af1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,j4 ,,rank93 ,sir-- ,! drake & duck arriv$ on ,friday1 ,p4,m4 9 ! v f9e/ ( %ape4 ,?ank+ y = ! selection y made = me1 ,i rema91 ,respectfully1 ,w4 ,h4 ,,"y4 99 99 99 99 99 #cj ,b]n>d ,/41 ,,ea/ ,,orange1 ,n4 ,j41 ,oct4 #ah1 #aije4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,esq41 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,y\r %ipm5t ( "o duck & "o drake came to h& today1 & !y are a f9e pair ( birds4 ,?anks = y\r promptness 9 ?is matt]4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,*as4 ,h4 ,,w>+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,suffolk1 ,va41 ,june #b;d1 #aije4 ,,mr4 ,,jas4 ,,rank91 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,j z ! ducks came to h& ,i 0 call$ away f home1 h5ce ! delay 9 ackn[l$g+ receipt ( !m4 ,!y arriv$ safe & well1 & x is b due to y to say1 9 size & beauty !y exce$$ my mo/ sangu9e expectations4 ,!y are inde$ h&some birds4 ,_m p]sons :o saw !m took !m to be geese4 ,i ?ank y = y\r promptness 9 fill+ my ord]1 etc4 ,y\rs truly1 ,v4 ,s4 ,,kilby4 ,i4 ,w4 ,morgan1 ,sr41 ,sec'y-,treas4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,bo>d ,,( ,,education ( ! ,t[n ( ,port ,ar?ur4 ,,port ,,ar?ur1 ,,ont41 ,aug4 #cj1 #aije4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,esq41 ,s\? ,ea/on1 ,mass43 ,de> ,sir-- ,! drake & two ducks y %ipp$ to me on ! #bf? in/4 arriv$ ?is ev5+1 & are app>5tly 9 v good trim aft] _! f\r days' j\rney4 ,!y are ! f9e/ look+ ducks ,i ev] saw & ,i h se5 _m ?\s&s4 ,i am m ?an pleas$ ) !m4 ,?ank+ y = y\r prompt & fair deal+ ) me ,i am s9c]ely y\rs1 ,j4 ,w4 ,,morgan1 ,sr41 ,port ,ar?ur1 ,ont41 ,canada4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,commission ,,h\se ,,( ,w4 ,h4 ,,rudd ,,son1 ,no4 #aj ,m]*ants' ,r[1 ,bo/on4 ,fri5d ,rank9--,) ! exception ( y\rself1 we d\btless hat* & raise m p\ltry1 by actual c\nt1 ?an any "o on ?is cont95t4 ,we d x entirely by artificial means1 & %all nev] employ any o!r s long z we raise p\ltry at all & reta9 our s5ses4 ,at our headqu>t]s1 9 ,bo/on1 we receive & h&le1 to say ! v lea/1 z _m m>ket ducks z any firm 9 ! city1 & unless we are dull s*ol>s1 we ought to =m a pretty accurate op9ion ( ! relative m]its ( natural & artificial me?ods ( incubation2 or p]haps bett] express$1 ! comp>ative quality ( p\ltry rais$ by ea*1 :e!r design$ = m>ket or o!r purposes4 ,we 7 look+ ov] our bre$+ /ock ! o!r day1 & c]ta9ly nev] saw s h&some a lot = s l>ge numb]s1 & we %\ld h to travel z f> z ,s\? ,ea/on to f9d z f9e a flock ( ducks4 ,! be/ m>ket ducks t rea* ,bo/on 7pres5t company except$1 ( c\rse71 are s5t !re by y\rself & y\r bro!r1 ,william ,rank9 ( ,brockton2 n only are !y two or ?ree weeks 9 advance ( o!rs1 b be+ gr[n ) s great rapidity gives !m t f95ess & firmness ( fle%1 a sup]ior flavor1 & excell5ce 9 g5]al appe>ance :i* _c be f\nd--or at lea/ nev] is f\nd--9 ducks rais$ 9 ! natural way1 & :i* mu/ necess>ily be kept mu* long] to atta9 ! same height4 ,we c\ld ref] y to ! proprietors ( five ( ! lead+ hotels 9 ! city1 :o /ate t ! artificially-hat*$ ducks furni%$ by u dur+ ! la/ few ye>s are by f> ! be/ !y ev] us$1 & t s9ce ! rais+ ( ducks _h ?us be5 r$uc$ to a sci5ce1 fully twice z _m z =m]ly are n[ daily call$ = by ! gue/s1 & consequ5tly ! dem& is correspond+ly increas$1 & we pr$ict x w cont9ue to increase indef9itely4 ,y\r ducks sell quick] & br+ m p] p\nd ?an any we get4 ,next come ^? rais$ & s5t by ,mr4 ,c>p5t] & ,mr4 ,otis1 bo?1 l ourselves1 us+ y\r ma*9es4 ,by ! way1 we h n[ secur$ ,mr4 ,otis = our sup]9t5d5t at ! ,brighton f>m1 & 8 well-kn[n skill & exp]i5ce1 comb9$ ) our own1 w r5d] x necess>y = y to keep y\r eye peel$ & look to y\r laurels1 le/ y f9d y\rself play+ second fiddle4 ,frat]nally & v truly1 ,w4 ,h4 ,,rudd ,,son4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:at ! ,bo/on ,m>ketm5 ,say ,ab\t ,our ,ducks4 ,,bo/on1 ,aug4 #h1 #ahih4 ,! ducks we receiv$ f ,maple ,f>m ,duck ,y>ds are ! l>ge/ & be/ we f9d 9 ! m>ket4 ,,na?an ,,robb9s ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bo/on1 ,aug4 #f1 #ahih4 ,we give ! pref]5ce to ducks %ipp$ u f ,maple ,f>m ,duck ,y>ds ov] all o!rs1 z we consid] !m ! l>ge/ & fatte/ on ! m>ket4 ,we readily pay a high] price = !m4 ,b4 ,s4 ,,cole4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bo/on1 ,aug4 #i1 #ahih4 ,we h h&l$ ducks f ,mr4 ,rank9's duck y>ds = _m ye>s1 & f9d !m sup]ior 9 size & condition to all o!rs1 & readily comm& a high] price4 ,,na?an ,a4 ,,fit*4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bo/on1 ,aug4 #h1 #ahih4 ,we will+ly pay a high] price = ducks %ipp$ to u f ,maple ,f>m ,duck ,y>ds1 z we consid] !m ! be/ on ! m>ket4 ,,geo4 ,w4 ,,kimball ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bo/on1 ,aug4 #e1 #ahih4 ,we will+ly ackn[l$ge t ! ducks receiv$ f ,j4 ,rank9's duck y>ds n only comm& ! highe/ price1 b are l>ge/ & f9e/ t come into ,bo/on m>ket1 & h&le no o!rs :5 we c get ^?4 ,,william ,h4 ,,jones ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bo/on1 ,aug4 #f1 #ahih4 ,we c]tify t ! ducks %ipp$ u f ,maple ,f>m ,duck ,y>ds are ! l>ge/ & be/ we h h&l$4 ,h4 ,l4 ,,lawr5ce ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,columbia ,,/a41 ,o41 ,sept4 #ae1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,i receiv$ ! pair ( ,pek9 ,ducks y s5t me 9 good condition4 ,p at ! /ation ?\ght !y 7 geese4 ,am well pleas$ ) !m2 w write y lat]4 ,y\rs v truly1 ,,!ron ,d4 ,,goodw94 99 99 99 99 99 ,,laceyville1 ,pa41 ,sept4 #a1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ducks arriv$ "h safely ,saturday morn+4 ,i 0 m ?an pleas$ ) !m4 ,i h ab\t "o hundr$ ducks :i* ,i ?\ght 7 l>ge & 7 ! admiration ( all :o saw !m1 b ! ones f y beat any?+ ,i ev] saw4 ,q a numb] ask$ me :at ,i 0 go+ to d ) ! geese1 & c\ld h>dly believe !y 7 ducks4 ,:5 9 want ( any m ducks w s5d direct to y4 ,y\rs truly1 ,w4 ,e4 ,,%oemak]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,burl+ton1 ,vt41 ,aug4 #bd1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,drake came today1 & is v satisfactory4 ,ha/ily1 ,,rob]t ,h4 ,,wilson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bay ,,city1 ,mi*41 ,july #g1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! eggs receiv$ 9 good ord]4 ,_h a nice hat* ( t5 /rong ducks2 "o dead 9 %ell1 h n lo/ "o ( ! t52 am well pleas$ & satisfi$4 ,truly y\rs1 ,w4 ,p4 ,,latl94 99 99 99 99 99 ,,alex&ria1 ,va41 ,may #bg1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,i am s pleas$ ) ! good hat* ,i _h f ! two sitt+s ,i b\ght ( y ?is spr+ ,i want$ to let y "k4 ,f fifte5 h5 eggs ,i h fifte5 nice1 l>ge1 /rong *icks1 & f fifte5 duck eggs hat*$ t5 lovely duckl+s4 ,!y are s l>ge !y are almo/ l gosl+s4 ,?ank+ y = y\r k9dness & ! fea!r1 ,i am1 ,v respectfully1 ,mrs4 ,,l5a ,,c>t]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,casawood1 ,/ation ,r1 ,n4 ,y4 ,city1 ,jan4 #i1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! trio ( h&some ,pek9 ,ducks y s5t me 7 promptly receiv$4 ,!y seem$ to me to be equal 9 size & beauty to ^? ducks :i* receiv$ prizes at ! late ,p\ltry ,%[ 9 ,madison ,squ>e ,g>d51 & ,i regret n[ t ,i _h n ent]$ !m4 ,y\rs truly1 ,,grace ,mc,v,a,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,nantucket1 ,jan4 #h1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,ducks receiv$ 9 f9e %ape4 ,!y weigh$ j tw5ty p\nds = ! pair ! day !y arriv$4 ,a numb] ( p ?\ght !y 7 geese4 ,please s5d me y\r catalogue & oblige1 ,y\rs truly1 ,h4 ,g4 ,,wor?4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rock=d1 ,ill41 ,jan4 #b1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! drakes ord]$ ( y a few days ago arriv$ 9 f9e %ape1 & give p]fect satisfaction 9 e way4 ,y\rs respectfully1 ,j4 ,a4 ,,breck5bridge4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,georget[n1 ,dec4 #cj1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ducks arriv$ safe & 9 good condition4 ,i am v well pleas$ ) y\r selection1 & to %[ y ,i appreciate x1 ,i add my te/imonial4 ,respectfully y\rs1 ,,leon ,s4 ,,gif=d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,fall ,,riv]1 ,may #a1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,= t sett+ ( duck eggs ,i receiv$ f y ,april #a/1 ,i want to ?ank y n[ = giv+ me sixte5 eggs :5 ,i did n expect b twelve4 ,i %\ld h writt5 be=e1 b ,i want$ to tell y h[ _m ,i hat*$ out4 ,!y />t$ to hat* out two days be=e ,i look$ = !m1 s t n[1 ,may #a/1 ,i h twelve little beauties4 ,i am well satisfi$ ) my deal+s ) y4 ,i rema9 y\rs truly1 ,mrs4 ,f4 ,e4 ,,palm]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,riv]view ,p\ltry ,y>ds1 ,,woodsville1 ,n4 ,h41 ,jan4 #be1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! ducks arriv$ all "r ?is ,a4 ,m41 & !y are beauties4 ,we are v mu* pleas$ ) !m & ?ank y = ! selection4 ,y\rs respectfully1 ,s4 ,s4 ,,evans ,,son4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,pocomoke ,,city1 ,md41 ,m>4 #bc1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,i am mu* indebt$ to y = ! prompt & satisfactory way 9 :i* y fill$ my rec5t ord] = duck eggs4 ,!y arriv$ safe1 & are ! l>ge/ duck eggs t ,i h ev] se54 ,i enclose "h fifty c5ts1 = :i* please s5d me y\r book on ,duck ,culture1 ,y\rs truly1 ,j4 ,,phillis ,,crockett4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,spr+field1 ,ill41 ,oct4 #bh1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,ducks arriv$ ,monday ev5+ 7#bf?71 9 good %ape4 ,am well satisfi$ ) my b>ga94 ,also receiv$ y\r book1 ,duck ,culture1 = same ,i am v ?ankful4 ,respectfully y\rs1 ,,john ,h4 ,,rock=d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,new ,,hav51 ,conn41 ,april #aj1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,i receiv$ ! eggs ye/]day1 & am m ?an pleas$ ) _! size & appe>ance4 ,i also appreciate y\r me?od ( do+ bus9ess4 ,y s5t me =ty-five eggs1 :5 ,i ord]$ ?ree doz51 a surplus = breakage1 etc41 ( n9e eggs1 five ( :i* 7 brok5 9 %ipp+4 ,?is alone %[s y\r bus9ess capacity4 ,hop+ t we %all be able to d m bus9ess 9 ! ne> future1 ,i rema91 ,y\rs v truly1 ,j4 ,j4 ,,tomk9s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,/]l+1 ,,lu$[n ,,co41 ,va41 ,oct4 #ca1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,ducks arriv$ ,o4 ,k4 & am v mu* pleas$ ) !m1 z is ev]yone else4 ,i %all let y he> f me v soon 9 reg>d to incubator4 ,y\rs truly1 ,r4 ,s4 ,,van ,,dev5tor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,hull1 ,p4 ,q41 ,c41 ,dec4 #d1 #ahif4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,! trio ( ,imp]ial ,pek9 ,ducks t y s5t me arriv$ ,dec4 #b;d at ,ottawa all "r1 & ,i mu/ say !y are beautiful birds ( l>ge size4 ,! g5tleman 9 *>ge ( ! ,cu/oms ,exam9+ ,w>eh\se at ,ottawa1 says he nev] saw "o l !m be=e4 ,he took y\r "n & address4 ,i _h a numb] ( visitors & !y all admir$ !m4 ,i ?9k ,i w s5d = "o m drake4 ,i ?ank y = y\r selection4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,no4 ,,duxbury1 ,mass41 ,april #aj1 #ahig4 ,,mr4 ,,james ,,rank93 ,de> ,sir-- ,inclos$ f9d #aj4jj4 ,please =w>d m ,pek9 duck eggs4 ,y\rs are ! mo/ f]tile & produce ! /ronge/ ducks t ,i ev] saw4 ,bill eggs--,a4 ,m4 ,flet*]1 ,mansfield1 & oblige1 ,y\rs1 ,a4 ,m4 ,,flet*]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,incubator ,,& ,,its ,,use ,by ,,james ,,rank9 ,a "w compil$ f ov] #cj ye>s' exp]i5ce by ! au?or1 tell+ ! novice j h[ to manage 8 incubator1 hat* 8 eggs & gr[ 8 *icks successfuly4 ,,price1 ,,by ,,mail #be ,,c5ts ,we obta9 ! mo/ ( our c]eals f ! ,wa%burn ,crosby ,co41 ,,*amb] ,,( ,,comm]ce ,,build+1 ,,bo/on1 ,,mass4 ,we f9d !m a reliable firm always hav+ a fir/-class article on h&1 at reasonable rates4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:at is ,wor? ,cr[+ ,ov] ,,mico-,,sp> ,,cubical ,,grit8 ,mico-,sp> ,cubical ,grit is a h>d m9]al product conta9+ sodium1 alum9um1 magnesium1 lime & iron1 natural *emical prop]ties :i* e p\ltry rais] kn[s are necess>y to produce pay+ h5s4 ,pay+ h5s lay _! %>e ( eggs regul>ly & will+ly1 nev] ne$+ to be =c$ because !y are well & /rong4 ,^! are ! sl[ b sure k9d1 ! k9d t helps raise ! mortgage4 ,illu/ration ,mico-,sp> ,cubical ,grit produces ?is k9d ( pay+ h5s because x makes & keeps h5s heal?y4 ,x creates p]fect dige/ion because x keeps ?+s 9 ! crop on ! move1 ow+ to ! fact t ! corn]s ( ! cube always rema9 %>p4 ,hone/1 practical te/s h %[n t ,mico ,sp> ,cubical ,grit is ! h5's *oice1 & t ! m9ute/ cube left 9 ! crop reta9s its %>p corn]s4 ,mico-,sp> ,cubical ,grit is n a h5 food or p[d]4 ,its use is to tone naturally ! entire sy/em4 ,x is an economical ,grit because x does n cru% 9 h&l+1 because its bright %9+ surface 9 ! scrat*+ p5 attracts ! h51 !reby prev5t+ loss1 & because no oy/] %ells are ne$$4 ,if y are a h5 rais] put ,mico-,sp> ,cubical ,grit on ! h5 y>d m5u & y w prove t ,mico ,sp> ,cubical ,grit is wor? cr[+ ov]4 ,,int]national ,,m9]al ,,co4 - - #abj ,,tremont ,,/41 ,,bo/on ,,mica ,,cry/al ,,grit ,we buy ?is ,grit by ! c>load & f9d x ! be/ we h ev] us$4 ,x is clean1 %>p & economical1 & we he>tily recomm5d x to all4 ,,james ,,rank91 ,,s\? ,,ea/on1 ,,mass4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,p>oid ,,ro(+ ,,x ,,la/s ,illu/ration3 ,,p>oid ,,ro(+ ,,x ,,la/s ,don't cov] y\r b>n ) a mortgage4 ,use ,p>oid ,ro(+ ! unexcell$ p]man5t ro(+ = build+s ( all k9ds4 ,economical1 durable & easy to apply4 ,any "o c put x on & x /ays :]e y put x4 ,complete ro(+ kit ) ea* roll4 ,our book1 ,build+ ,economy1 tells all ab\t inexp5sive build+s4 ,x's free to y4 ,p>oid conta9s no t>4 ,x is made ( /rong felt1 ?or\ghly saturat$ & coat$4 ,x is pro( aga9/ climatic *anges--c be appli$ by anyone & does n require pa9t+ :5 fir/ laid4 ,p>oid1 us$ z a sid+1 makes a neat] job1 keeps build+s w>m]1 & is less exp5sive ?an %+les & clapbo>ds4 ,,made ,,9 #a1 #b1 ,,& #c ,,ply ,put up 9 rolls #cf in*es wide1 conta9+ #baf & #ajh squ>e feet4 ,complete kit = apply+1 inside ( ea* roll4 ,we h ne>ly "o-half acre ( ro( cov]$ ) ,p>oid4 ,x appe>s to be ela/ic & v /rong1 & unaffect$ by heat or cold1 & we believe x w be v durable1 & ! *eape/ ?+ on ! m>ket4 ,we h "o /able #ajj feet long1 #cb feet wide1 cov]$ ) x4 ,,james ,,rank9 ,,s\? ,,ea/on1 ,,mass4 ,,s5d ,,= ,,price ,,li/