file :i* includes ! orig9al illu/rations4 ,see #chdcg-;h4htm or #chdcg-;h4zip3 7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/ca*e_/epub_/ #chdcg_/pg#chdcg-;images4html7 or 7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/files_/#chdc g_/chdcg-;h4zip7 ,images ( ! orig9al pages are available ?r\gh ,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,see http3_/_/www4ar*ive4org_/details_/womans p>t>ecor#jjyate ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,manufacture ,,( #d4e-;,,in* ,,c>tridge ,,cases3 ,,op]at+ ,,! ,,draw+ ,,press ,,! ,,woman',s ,,"p ,a ,record ( ,munitions ,"w by ,l4 ,k4 ,,yates ,new ,york ,george ,h4 ,doran ,company ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,adv5t ,,( ,,wom5 ,,9 ,,eng9e]+ ,,trades #g ,,%>+ ,a ,,common ,,task #i ,,dilution #aa ,,h]oism ,,9 ,,! ,,work%op #ab ,,ii4 ,,tra9+ ,,! ,,munition ,,work] #ad ,,! ,,qu9tess5ce ,,( ,,! ,,"w #ae ,,! ,,in/ructional ,,factory #ag ,,fir/ ,,/eps ,,9 ,,indu/rial ,,life #ah ,,iii4 ,,at ,,"w--,i4 #bj ,,%ells ,,& ,,%ell ,,cases #ba ,,9 ,,! ,,fuse-,,%op #bc ,,c>tridges ,,& ,,bullets #be ,,iv4 ,,at ,,"w--,,ii4 #bh ,,! ,,mak+ ,,( ,,aircraft #bh ,,optical ,,in/rum5ts #cj ,,9 ,,! ,,%ipy>ds #cc ,v4 ,,com=t ,,& ,,safety #cg ,,welf>e ,,sup]vision #cg ,,protective ,,clo?+ #da ,,re/-,,rooms ,,& ,,fir/ ,,aid #db ,,wom5 ,,police #dc ,,vi4 ,,outside ,,welf>e #de ,,recreation #de ,,mo!rhood #dg ,,! ,,factory ,,nurs]y #dh ,,vii4 ,,gr[? ,,( ,,! ,,indu/rial ,,cante5 #eb ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples #ed ,,! ,,work]',s ,,oasis #ee ,,viii4 ,,h\s+ #eg ,,billet+ #eh ,,tempor>y ,,accommodation #ei ,,p]man5t ,,accommodation #fa ,,illu/rations ,,! ,,manufacture ,,( #d4e-;,,in* ,,c>tridge ,,cases3 ,,op]at+ ,,! ,,draw+ ,,press ,frontispiece ,,page ,,turn+ ,,! ,,copp] ,,b& ,,( ,a #i4b-;,,in* ,,high-,,explosive ,,%ell #af ,,drill+ ,,safety-,,p9 ,,hole ,,9 ,,fuse #af ,,inspect+ ,,& ,,gaug+ ,,fuses #ag ,,turn+ ,,! ,,outside ,,& ,,=m+ ,,! ,,nose-,,end ,,( ,a #i4b-;,,in* ,,high-,,explosive ,,%ell #ag ,,assembl+ ,,fuses #bj ,,cool+ ,,%ell ,,=g+s #bj ,,op]at+ ,a ,,lumsd5 ,,pla9 ,,gr9d]3 ,,re-,,=m+ #h-;,,in* ,,high-,,explosive ,,cutt]s #ba ,,engrav+ ,,metal ,,p>ts ,,= ,,compasses #bh ,,col\r+ ,,a]oplane ,,planes #bh ,,*ipp+ ,,& ,,gr9d+ ,,blades ,,( ,,ca/ ,,iron ,,propell] ,,) ,,portable ,,tools #bi ,,woman ,,act+ ,,z ,,mate ,,to ,,jo9] ,,mak+ ,,sea-,,plane ,,floats #bi ,,cutt+ ,,fray$-,,edge ,,tape #cf ,,braz+ ,,turb9e ,,rotor ,,segm5t #cf ,,m\nt+ ,,c>ds ,,= ,,dry ,,compasses #cg ,,treadle ,,poli%+-,,ma*9es1 ,,= ,,smoo?+ ,,l5ses #cg ,,slitt+ ,,& ,,r\gh+ ,,optical ,,glass #dd ,,view ,,( ,,cante5 ,,kit*5 #dd ,,weigh+ ,,f]ro ,,*rome ,,= ,,analysis #de ,,balsam+ ,,l5ses #eb ,,mak+ ,,in/rum5t ,,scales #ec ,,pa9t+ ,a ,,%ip',s ,,side ,,9 ,,dry ,,dock #fj ,,g5]al ,,view ,,( ,,wom5 ,,at ,,"w ,,on ,,aircraft ,,fabric #fa ,,! ,,cante5 #fa ,,! ,,woman',s ,,"p ,,*apt] ,i3 ,,! ,,adv5t ,,( ,,wom5 ,,9 ,,eng9e]+ ,,trades ,,%>+ ,a ,,common ,,task--,,dilution--,,h]oism ,,9 ,,! ,,work%op ,9 a p]iod ( titanic ev5ts x is difficult to *>act]ize a s+le gr\p ( happ5+s z ( special significance1 yet at ! end ( ! w> x is likely t ,great ,brita9 w look back to ! trans=mation ( h] home indu/ries = w> purposes z "o ( ! greate/ feats %e has ev] accompli%$4 ,! ar\s+ ( a nation to fight to ! dea? = ! pr9ciple ( ,lib]ty is d\btless "o ( ! mo/ /irr+ ( spectacles 9 ! human drama2 x has repeat$ itself ?r\gh\t hi/ory2 b x has be5 left to ?is c5tury to witness 9 ! mid/ ( su* an upheaval ! complete reorganization ( a nation's indu/ry1 built up sl[ly & pa9fully by a mod]n civilization = its mat]ial support & utility4 ,be=e ! outbreak ( ho/ilities ,great ,brita9 0 supply+ ! _w ) ! products ( h] work%ops1 b ^! products 7 ma9ly ^? ne$$ by nations at peace4 ,! coal m9es ( ,nor?umb]l&1 ! f\ndries ( ! ,midl&s1 ! cotton mills ( ,lanca%ire 7 aid+ va/ populations 9 _! daily human /ruggle1 b ! dem& ( #aiad = va/ requirem5ts = w> purposes f\nd ,great ,brita9 unprep>$4 ,! in/antane\s re>rangem5t ( indu/ries = w> purposes1 possible to ,g]many by reason ( =ty ye>s ( /eal?y w> prep>ations1 0 out ( ! "q = a nation t nei!r contemplat$ nor prep>$ = a ,european conflagration4 ,eight or n9e mon?s _h to elapse be=e ! p ( ,great ,brita9 7 ar\s$ to ! realities ( mod]n w>f>e4 ,x 0 !n only t a l>ge public became aw>e t ! ,h]culean /ruggle 0 n m]ely a conflict betwe5 armies & navies1 b betwe5 ,briti% sci5ce & ,g]man sci5ce1 betwe5 ,briti% *emi/s & ,g]man *emi/s1 betwe5 ,briti% work%ops & ! work%ops ( ,g]many4 ,! realization ( ^! facts l$ to ! creation ( ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions 9 ,may #aiae & ! rapid re>rangem5t ( indu/ries & indu/rial conditions4 ,be=e ! w>1 ?ree ,national factories 9 ,great ,brita9 7 suffici5t to fulfil ! dem& = output = possible w> purposes2 to-day1 !re are m ?an #aej ,national factories & ov] #e1jjj ,controll$ ,e/abli%m5ts1 scatt]$ up & d[n ! c\ntry1 all produc+ munitions ( w>4 ,! :ole ( ! ,nor? ,c\ntry & ! :ole ( ! ,midl&s h1 9 fact1 become a va/ ars5al4 ,/&+ on an em95ce 9 ! ,nor?1 "o may by day wat* asc5d+ ! smoke ( f #djj to #ejj munition factories1 & by night at _m a po9t 9 ! ,midl& c\nties "o may survey an encircl+ zone ( flames z !y bel* =? f ! *imneys ( ! eng9e]+ works ( w>4 ,! va/ majority ( ^! work%ops _h previ\sly to ! w> nev] produc$ a gun1 a %ell1 or a c>tridge4 ,to-day1 mak]s ( agricultural & textile ma*9]y are engag$ on munitions1 produc]s ( lead p5cils are turn+ out %rapnel2 a manufactur] ( gramophones is produc+ fuses2 a c\rt jewell] is engag$ 9 ! manufacture ( optical in/rum5ts2 a mak] ( cream sep>ators has n[ an output ( prim]s4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,new indu/ries h be5 />t$ & langui%+ trades h be5 reviv$4 ,! "w ( reorganization has be5 prodigi\s1 & :5 ! hi/ory ( ,brita9's %>e 9 ! w> comes to be writt5 9 ! leisur$ days ( peace1 x is unlikely t ! record w transmit to a future g5]ation h[ mu* ef=t x has tak5 to produce ! prepond]ance 9 munitions n[ a*iev$4 ,) ! huge task ( secur+ an adequate supply ( raw mat]ial has gone h& 9 h& ! production ( a suffici5cy ( suitable ma*9]y & ma*9e tools1 ! equipm5t ( laboratories = *emical rese>*1 ! erection1 or adaptation1 ( accommodation 9 :i* to h\se ! new 'plant'1 & ! supply ( a cont9u\s /ream ( suitable lab\r4 ,9 face ( ! gr[+ ne$s ( ! ,navy & ,army ?is lab\r "q has be5 a crucial te/2 x is a te/imony to ! 'w to w9' ( ! :ole p t ! problem f ! outset has f\nd its solution4 ,z soon z ! importance ( ! dem& = munitions work]s 0 widely und]/ood1 a supply ( lab\r has cont9u\sly /ream$ into ! factory gates4 ,!re are n[ #b1jjj1jjj p]sons employ$ 9 munitions indu/ries--exclusive ( ,admiralty "w--( :i* "o-?ird are wom54 ,! adv5t ( ! wom5 9 ! eng9e]+ %ops & _! success 9 a gr\p ( fre% trades may be acc\nt$ z an om5 ( deep significance4 ,wom5 9 ?is c\ntry h1 x is true1 tak5 _! place 9 factory life f ! mom5t t ma*9]y swept away ! sp9n+-:eel f ! dome/ic he>?1 & x is m (t5 ! woman mill-h&1 or factory 'lass'1 :o is ! weal?i] p>tn] 9 _m a ,lanca%ire home4 ,wom5 be=e ! w>1 to be sure1 took "p 9 factory life :]e su* commodities z textiles1 clo?+1 food1 h\sehold goods1 c41 7 produc$1 b by cons5sus ( op9ion--fem99e z well z mascul9e--h] pres5ce 9 ,eng9e]+ ,works1 save on m]e r\t9e "w1 or on a few delicate processes1 0 consid]$ 9 ! pre-w> p]iod z unsuitable & undesirable4 ,%>+ a ,common ,task ,at ! outbreak ( ho/ilities1 a few ( ! mo/ f>-sight$ employ]s1 contemplat+ a %ortage ( lab\r ?r\gh ! recruitm5t ( m5 = milit>y s]vice1 haz>d$ ! op9ion t wom5 might be employ$ on all k9ds ( simple repetition "w 9 ! ,eng9e]+ ,%ops4 ,fur!r ?an t ev5 ! optimi/ did n g4 ,!re 0 also no indication t wom5 w\ld be will+ to adv5ture into a _w :]e long h\rs & night-"w prevail$1 f :i* evils !y 7 protect$ 9 ! days ( peace by /r+5t ,factory ,acts4 ,ev5ts h prov$ t ! wom5 ( ,great ,brita9 are z ready z _! m5folk to sacrifice com=t & p]sonal conv5i5ce to ! dem&s ( a great cause1 & z soon z x 0 made kn[n t _! s]vices 7 requir$1 !y came =w>d 9 _! hundr$s ( ?\s&s4 ,!y h come f ! (fice & ! %op1 f dome/ic s]vice & ! dressmak]'s room1 f ! ,high ,s*ools & ! ,colleges1 & f ! quietude ( ! /ately homes ( ! leisur$ ri*4 ,!y h travell$ f f>-(f corn]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom z well z f home/eads 9 ,au/ralia & ,new ,zeal&1 & f lonely f>ms 9 ,s\? ,africa & ,canada4 ,e /ratum ( society has provid$ its %>e ( will+ wom5 work]s eag] f "o cause or ano!r to 'd _! bit'4 ,ev5 9 ! e>ly days ( ! adv5t ( wom5 9 ! munitions %ops1 ,i h se5 work+ toge!r1 side by side1 ! daught] ( an e>l1 a %opkeep]'s wid[1 a graduate f ,girton1 a dome/ic s]vant & a "y woman f a lonely f>m 9 ,rhodesia1 ^: husb& _h jo9$ ! col\rs4 ,social /atus1 s /iff a b>ri] 9 ?is c\ntry 9 pre-w> days1 0 =gott5 9 ! factory1 z 9 ! tr5*es1 & !y 7 all work+ toge!r z happily z ! memb]s ( a unit$ family4 ,employ]s & =m] employees likewise (t5 %>e a common task 9 ! work%ops ( ! w>4 ,at ,woolwi*1 = example1 a lady ( delicate upbr++ c\ld1 at "o p]iod1 h be5 se5 arriv+ at ! ,ars5al 9 ! e>ly h\rs ( ea* morn+1 accompani$ by h] =m] maid1 bo? be+ ! :ile 'h&s' 9 ! employ ( ! ,/ate4 ,x is well kn[n 9 c]ta9 circles h[ ,lady ,scott1 ! wid[ ( ! fam\s ,ant>ctic explor]1 put aside all private int]e/s to take up "w 9 a munitions factory1 h[ ,lady ,g]trude ,craw=d became an (ficial1 sup]vis+ wom5's "w 9 %ipy>ds1 & h[ ,lady ,m>y ,hamilton 7n[ ,mrs4 ,k5yon ,slaney71 ! elde/ daught] ( ! ,duke ( ,ab]corn1 & ,miss ,/ella ,drummond1 daught] ( ,g5]al ,drummond1 h won di/9ction z work]s 9 'advanc$' processes ( munitions production4 ,^! are b a few di/+ui%$ names among/ a cr[d ( wom5 ( all degrees ( society :o h a*iev$ unexpect$ success 9 "w to :i* !y 7 entirely unaccu/om$4 ,among/ ?is nameless multitude1 att5tion has be5 call$ f "t to "t to ! rem>kable feats 9 ! eng9e]+ & *emical trades1 9 electrical works1 & 9 ! %ipy>ds1 ( kit*5-maids & ( dressmak]s1 ( gov]nesses & *ildr5's nurses4 ,! und]ly+ motives1 all actuat$ by w> conditions1 :i* h turn$ ! tide ( wom5's "w into new & unfamili> occupations1 are1 h[ev]1 m div]se ?an is g5]ally suppos$4 ,unque/ionably1 ! two ma9 driv+ =ces h be5 patriotism & economic pressure1 & ( ^! patriotism1 ! love ( c\ntry1 ! pride ( ,empire1 acc\nts = a l>ge proportion ( wom5 recruits4 ,yet !re are o!r motives at "w3 ! old human =ces ( family love & self-sacrifice1 pride1 ang]1 hatr$1 & ev5 hum\r4 ,i h que/ion$ work]s at ! la!s & 9 dop+ rooms1 9 ,fill+ ,factories1 & 9 wood-work]s' %ops1 & f9d ! mass ( new lab\r 9 ! munitions works is !re f di/9ctive individual reasons4 ,x is only by ! recognition ( all ^! =ces t successful managem5t ( a new factor 9 ! lab\r problem is possible4 ,an indication ( ! life-hi/ory ( "o or two individual munitions work]s may exemplify ! po9t4 ,!re is ! case ( a girl tool-sett] 9 a factory ne> ,london4 ,%e is ! only *ild ( an old ,army family4 ,:5 w> broke out1 %e realiz$ t = ! fir/ "t 9 _m g5]ations h] family c\ld s5d no repres5tative to fight ! c\ntry's battles4 ,h] fa!r 0 an old man1 long pa/ milit>y age4 ,! girl1 al?\gh 9 mu* reque/ at home1 took up "w 9 a base hospital 9 ,france1 b at ! end ( a ye>1 :5 brok5 d[n f ov]-/ra91 0 ord]$ six mon?s' re/ 9 ,engl&4 ,recov]y foll[$ 9 two mon?s1 & aga91 spurr$ by ! ?\ght ( inaction 9 a "t ( national p]il1 %e ent]$ a munitions factory z an ord9>y employee4 ,aft] n9e mon?s' "w %e _h only lo/ five m9utes' "t4 ,ano!r factory work] is a "m ( sev5 sons1 pr\d-spirit$1 effici5t1 & accu/om$ to rule h] family4 ,! sev5 sons enli/$ & %e felt h] claim to head%ip 0 endang]$4 ,%e ent]$ a munitions factory &1 to soo! h] pride1 s5t weekly to ea* son a detail$ acc\nt ( h] indu/rial "w4 ,at l5g?1 ! elde/ son wrote t he ?\ght 8 "m 0 probably kill+ m ,g]mans ?an any ( ! family4 ,s9ce !n1 %e says1 %e has _h peace ( m9d4 ,9 ano!r factory1 9 ! ,we/ ( ,engl&1 !re is an ardu\s munitions mak] :o works tirelessly ?r\gh ! longe/ %ifts4 ,be=e h] entry into ! indu/rial _w %e 0 a /ew>dess on a pass5g]-%ip4 ,! vessel 0 torp$o$ by a ,g]man subm>9e1 & %e 0 "o ( ! few survivors4 ,daily %e works (f h] hatr$ on a cap/an la!1 hop+1 z %e tells ! visitors1 "s day to get equal ) ! unspeakable ,huns4 ,!n !re is a typical case ( a wife :o has le>n$ "s ( life's little ironies ?r\gh h] "w on munitions production4 ,h] husb&1 an old sailor1 work$ = ! same firm be=e ! w>4 ,he us$ to come home daily & compla9 ( ! h>dness ( 8 lot4 ,x 0 'a dog's life'1 he con/antly reit]at$1 & 8 wife 0 c>eful to make rep>ation at home4 ,w> broke out & ! naval res]ve man 0 recall$ to sea4 ,! firm 7 put to x1 9 ! lab\r %ortage1 = a sub/itute1 & invit$ ! wife's aid4 ,hav+ he>d s mu* ( ! h>d%ips ( ! "w1 %e refus$1 b aft] "s p]suasion agre$ to give ! job a trial4 ,at ! end ( a week1 %e surmis$ ! task 0 n s h>d z %e contemplat$2 aft] a mon? _h pass$ %e realiz$ ! position4 ,! job _h be5 a capital excuse to ensure =giv5ess = dome/ic %ort-com+s4 ,! wife awaits h] husb&'s return ) a c]ta9 grim hum\r4 ,hav+ arriv$ 9 ! eng9e]+ trades1 actuat$ by :atev] motives1 ! woman munitions mak] has m ?an ju/ifi$ ! hopes ( ! pione] employ]s :o sponsor$ h] cause4 ,z soon z organiz$ lab\r agre$ t trade union rules & pre-w> %op practice %\ld be susp5d$ = ! duration ( ! w>1 wom5 7 rapidly initiat$ 9 ! simple repetition processes ( %ell-mak+ & %ell-fill+4 ,ma*9]y 0 adapt$ to ! new-com]s1 & ! skill$ m5 work]s 7 di/ribut$ among/ ! factories to und]take ! jobs possible only to exp]i5c$ h&s4 ,dilution ,?us1 ! pr9ciple ( dilution1 z old z ,plato's ,republic1 :i* z a !ory 0 re9troduc$ to ,briti% /ud5ts by ,adam ,smi?1 has widely come into practice ?r\gh ! urg5cy ( ! w>4 ,wom5 h be5 successfully introduc$ into a new gr\p ( occupations1 m5 h be5 'upgrad$'1 s t _m semi-skill$ m5 h become skill$2 & ! skill$ m5 h be5 allocat$ entirely to employm5t on skill$ jobs4 ,once introduc$ to ! munitions %ops1 wom5 soon ma/]$ ! repetition processes1 su* z 'turn+'1 'mill+' & 'gr9d+'1 z well z ! simpl] op]ations connect$ ) %ell-fill+4 ,! ke5e/ among/ !m 7 !n f\nd fit = m 'advanc$' "w :]e accuracy1 a nice judgm5t1 & deftness ( manipulation are ess5tial4 ,su* are ! processes connect$ ) tool & gauge-mak+1 :]e ! "w mu/ be f9i%$ to )9 ! f9e/ limits--a fraction ( ! wid? ( a human hair2 su* are ! requirem5ts = ! "w ( ov]look+1 or inspection ( output2 & su* are ! _m processes ( a]oplane manufacture & optical glass production1 ^u :i* wom5 are be+ increas+ly employ$4 ,!y are also und]tak+ op]ations dep5d5t on physical /r5g?1 :i* 9 pre-w> days w\ld h be5 reg>d$ z :olly unsuitable to female capacity4 ,w> necessity has1 h[ev]1 kill$ old-"t prejudice & has prov$ h[ readily wom5 adapt !mselves to any task )9 _! physical p[]s4 ,"o may1 = example1 to-day wat* wom5 9 ! %ipy>ds ( ! ,nor? h>d at "w1 *ipp+ & clean+ ! %ips' decks1 repair+ hulls1 or lay+ electric wire on bo>d ,h4,m4 battle%ips4 ,high up 9 ! gantry cranes :i* move maje/ically across ! vault$ factory ro(1 "o may see wom5 sitt+ al(t guid+ ! movem5t ( ! huge molt5 +ots2 9 ! f\ndries1 "o may run across a woman smi?2 9 ! a]oplane factories1 wom5 weld]s "w be-goggl$ at ! anvils4 ,an eng9e]+ %op is n[ sometimes /aff$ almo/ entirely by wom5 'h&s'1 & x is no uncommon sight to f9d 9 ! c5tre ( ! %op wom5 op]ators at "w on ! ma*9es2 at "o end a gr\p ( wom5 tool-sett]s1 & at ano!r wom5 gaug]s :o te/ ! products ( ?is comb9$ wom5's lab\r4 ,9 ! pack+-rooms ! lu/i] types ( wom5 may be se5 dispat*+ f9i%$ %ells1 & on ! factory plat=ms g>t]$ wom5 9 tunic suits pu% ! load$ trollies to wait+ railway-trucks = conveyance to ! front4 ,"o ( ! mo/ surpris+ revelations ( ! w> 9 ?is c\ntry has1 inde$1 be5 ! capacity ( wom5 = eng9e]+ "w1 & to none has ! discov]y be5 m surpris+ & m exhil>at+ ?an to ! wom5 !mselves4 ,h]oism 9 ! ,work%op ,! "w has1 9 fact1 call$ = p]sonal qualities usually ?\ght to be abnormal 9 wom54 ,! wom5 9 ! eng9e]+ %ops h disprov$ any su* surmise4 ,:]e occasion has dem&$ physical c\rage f ! work]s1 ! virtue has leap$ =? f ! av]age woman1 z f ! av]age man4 ,:]e circum/ances call = grit & endurance1 !re has be5 no %irk+ 9 ! factories by ! majority ( ! op]ators ( ei!r sex4 ,! h]oism ( ! battlefields has frequ5tly be5 equall$ by ! ord9>y civilian 9 ! factory1 :e!r man or woman4 ,sometimes incid5ts ( wom5's c\rage 9 ! works h be5 report$ 9 ! press z matt]s = surprise4 ,!y are m]ely typical in/ances ( ! _s t animates ! g5]al mass ( ! work]s 9 ,great ,brita94 ,a few examples may be add$ 9 illu/ration4 ,on a rec5t occasion1 a woman lo/ ! fir/ f+] & ?umb ( h] left h& ?r\gh ! jamm+ ( a piece ( metal 9 a press4 ,aft] an abs5ce ( six weeks1 %e return$ to "w & 0 soon gett+ an ev5 great] output ?an be=e4 ,ano!r in/ance relates to a s]i\s accid5t 9 an explosives factory1 :5 sev]al wom5 7 kill$ & _m 7 injur$4 ,)9 a few days a consid]able numb] ( ! rema9+ female op]ators appli$ & 7 accept$ = positions 9 ! ,dang] ,zone at ano!r factory4 ,ano!r incid5t is report$ f "s *emical works 9 ! ,nor?4 ,! key controll+ a valve fell (f & dropp$ into a pit bel[1 r5d]+ ! woman 9 *>ge unable to control ! /eam4 ,an accid5t seem$ imm95t & ! woman1 9 spite ( ! likelihood ( dang]\s results to h]self1 got d[n to ! pit1 rega9$ ! key & av]t$ disa/]4 ,9 a %ipy>d on ! ,nor?-,ea/ coa/1 a woman ( #bc ye>s _h be5 engag$ = "s "t 9 electric-wir+ a l>ge battle%ip4 ,"o day1 :5 work+ ov]head1 a drill came ?r\gh f ! deck1 pi]c+ h] cotton cap & ent]+ h] head4 ,%e 0 att5d$ to 9 ! firm's ,fir/ ,aid room & s5t home4 ,to ! surprise ( e "o conc]n$1 %e return$ to "w at #f a4m4 on ! foll[+ day1 & laugh+ly rem>k$ t %e 0 q satisfi$ t x 0 bett] to lose a little hair ?an h] head4 ,9 ! trivial accid5ts :i* are1 ( c\rse1 ( m frequ5t occurr5ce1 ! wom5 display simil> calmness & w /& unfl9*+ly :ile p>ticles ( grit1 or metal1 are remov$ f ! eyes1 or :ile small w\nds--(t5 due to _! own c>elessness--are dress$ & b\nd4 ,! endurance display$ dur+ ! e>ly p]iod ( munitions production1 :5 holidays 7 volunt>ily ab&on$ & "w cont9u$ ?r\gh ,sundays1 & 9 _m h\rs ( ov]time1 0 no less rem>kable 9 ! wom5 ?an 9 ! m54 ,action is cont9u\sly tak5 by ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions to r$uce ! h\rs ( ov]time1 to aboli% ,sunday lab\r1 & to promote ! well-be+ ( ! work]s1 b )\t ! zeal & c\rage ( ! wom5 munitions mak]s ! val\r ( ! soldi]s at ! ,front w\ld (t5 be 9 va94 ,z ! ,premi] rem>k$ 9 a rec5t spee*3 ',i d n "k :at w\ld h happ5$ to ?is l& :5 ! m5 _h to g away fight+ if ! wom5 _h n come =w>d & done _! %>e ( ! "w4 ,x w\ld h be5 utt]ly impossible = u to h wag$ a successful w>1 _h x n be5 = ! skill & ard\r1 en?usiasm & indu/ry1 :i* ! wom5 ( ! c\ntry h ?r[n into ! "w ( ! w>'4 ,,*apt] ,,ii3 ,,tra9+ ,,! ,,munition ,,work] ,,! ,,qu9tess5ce ,,( ,,! ,,"w--,,! ,,in/ructional ,,factory--,,fir/ ,,/eps ,,9 ,,indu/rial ,,life ,:51 9 answ] to ! dem& = %ells & m %ells1 factories 7 built1 or adapt$ to ! requirem5ts ( w>1 x 0 soon f\nd t a supply ( suitable lab\r mu/ be ensur$1 if ! maximum output 0 to be ma9ta9$4 ,! exi/+ practice ( ! eng9e]+ %ops1 by :i* a boy arriv$ by gradual /eps1 c\nt$ 9 ye>s1 f appr5tice%ip to ! "w ( a skill$ op]ator1 0 obvi\sly impossible :]e an imm$iate dem& = ?\s&s ( employees ( v>y+ effici5cy _h to be fulfill$4 ,! ne$s ( ! ,navy & ,army fur!r complicat$ ! problem by ! )drawal ( m5 ( all degrees ( skill f factory to battlefield4 ,! discov]y ( an untapp$ res]voir ( lab\r 9 wom5's "w1 & ! adaptation ( a l>g] proportion ( ma*9es to a 'fool-pro(' /&>d1 c]ta9ly eas$ ! situation1 yet ! problem rema9$ ( ! imm$iate provision ( work]s able to und]take 'advanc$'1 z well z simple "w1 9 ! eng9e]+ %ops4 ,factory employ]s 7 f ! outset alive to ! situation1 & at once adopt$ measures = ! tra9+ ( new-com]s )9 _! %ops1 b h>ass$ z ! manag]s 7 by ! supreme ne$ = output1 x 0 h>dly possible to develop ext5sive s*emes = tra9+ )9 ! factory gates4 ,h5ce1 arose a movem5t ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,k+dom among ! gov]n+ bodies ( _m in/itutions ( ,univ]sity rank1 among ,local ,education ,au?orities1 & among v>i\s fem9i/ gr\ps1 to make use ( exi/+ ,te*nical ,s*ools & ,in/itutions = ! tra9+ ( recruits 9 eng9e]+ "w4 ,! ef=t 0 at fir/ ma9ly conf9$ to ! in/ruction ( m5 9 elem5t>y ma*9e "w1 & ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil may fairly claim to h act$ z pione] 9 ?is connexion4 ,yet1 z e>ly z ,augu/ #aiae1 a gr\p ( wom5 connect$ ) ! ,national ,union ( ,wom5's ,suffrage ,societies 7( :i* ,mrs4 ,fawcett1 wid[ ( a =m] ,po/ma/]-,g5]al1 is ! presid5t7 decid$ to f9ance a s*eme = ! tra9+ ( wom5 oxy-acetyl5e weld]s1 conv]t+ = ?is purpose a small work%op run by a woman silv]smi?4 ,x 0 soon obs]v$ by ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions t ^! sporadic ef=ts--sometimes successful beyond expectation1 & sometimes fail+ = want ( funds1 or = lack ( intimacy betwe5 tra9+-gr\nd & factory employ]--mu/ be co-ord9at$1 if !y 7 to tackle successfully ! gr[+ task impos$ by w> conditions4 ,! conception ( a ,tra9+ ,section = factory work]s )9 ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions arose1 took root4 ,! section 0 e/abli%$ 9 ! e>ly autumn ( #aiae4 ,9 ! ,octob] ( t ye>1 au?ority to f9ance approv$ tra9+ s*emes ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry 0 giv5 to ! new dep>tm5t4 ,"s fifty colleges & s*ools1 und]tak+ indep5d5t s*emes1 7 !n br\ght into t\* ) ! ,m9i/ry1 & /eps 7 tak5 to develop ! exi/+ sy/ems4 ,equipm5t 0 !reby improv$1 recruit+ ( /ud5ts /imulat$1 & a s*eme = ! paym5t ( ma9t5ance dur+ tra9+--su* z ! ,manhattan ,s*ools 9 ,new ,york _h previ\sly introduc$ to social inve/igators 9 ?is c\ntry--0 e/abli%$4 ,! ext5sion ( ! c\rses ( tra9+ f in/ruction 9 simple processes to su* advanc$ eng9e]+ "w z lead-burn+1 tool-sett+1 & gauge-mak+ soon foll[$1 & 0 accompani$ by necess>y !oretical in/ruction 9 ! me?ods ( calculation ( f9e measurem5ts4 ,! ,qu9tess5ce ( ! ,"w ,= ^! advanc$ classes1 m5 alone 7 at fir/ eligible z /ud5ts1 wom5 be+ only in/ruct$ at ! outset 9 elem5t>y p>ts ( ! "w4 ,9 ! e>ly days1 ! wom5 7 invit$ 'to d _! bit'1 by le>n+ h[ to bore1 h[ to drill1 h[ to plane1 h[ to %ape1 & above all1 h[ to "w to size4 ,! *ief battle ( ! ,tra9+ ,c5tre ) reg>d to ! in/ruction ( wom5 0 !n1 & /ill rema9s1 ! implant+ ( a feel+ = exactitude 9 p]sons accu/om$ to measure ribbons or lace )9 a m>g9 ( a qu>t] ( a y>d or s1 or to prep>e food by a guess-"w mixture ( +r$i5ts4 ,i rememb]1 at ! beg9n+ ( a c\rse ( tra9+ = wom51 h[ an in/ructor at a l>ge metropolitan ,c5tre rem>k$ t 'n9ety-n9e p] c5t4 ( ! new /ud5ts d n "k :at accuracy means'1 & he detail$ h[ difficult x 0 to in/il into _! m9d 't qu9tess5ce ( _! "w'4 ,sci5tific me?ods ( tuition1 help$ no d\bt by wom5's prov]bial pati5ce1 h1 h[ev]1 enabl$ ! lesson to be le>n$ aft] a few weeks' int5sive tra9+4 ,! c\rses la/ b six to eight weeks &1 at ! conclusion ( ! c>efully graduat$ tasks1 x is n too mu* to say t ! success ( ! wom5 has be51 9 an ov]:elm+ numb] ( cases1 surpris+ bo? to tea*]s & pupils4 ,i h be=e me a bat* ( lett]s f factory employ]s1 writt5 9 ! e>ly p]iod ( ! tra9+ s*emes4 ,!y all be> te/imony to ! value ( ! outside in/ruction4 ,"o manag] notes h[ ! tra9$ wom5 f ! ,s*ools 7 able 'to become produc]s almo/ at once'2 ano!r /ates t ! draft+ ( ! wom5 /ud5ts f ,s*ool to factory has enabl$ ! "w ( munitions to be c>ri$ on ') great] exp$ition ?an w\ld o!rwise h be5 ! case'1 & yet ano!r1 ) a sc>cely conceal$ note ( a/oni%m5t1 relates t 8 /ud5ts 7 able to be engag$ at once on 'all k9ds ( ma*9]y1 cap/an la!s1 turn+ la!s1 mill+ & :eel cutt+ ma*9]y'4 ,?is discov]y ( ! employ]1 ( ! pot5tialities ( wom5's "w 9 ! eng9e]+ trades1 soon l$ to a developm5t ( ! in/ruction ( female /ud5ts 9 ! ,tra9+ ,c5tres2 m advanc$ ma*9e "w 0 add$ to ! curriculum1 z well z tuition 9 a]oplane woodwork & con/ruction1 9 core-mak+ & m\ld+1 9 draughtsman%ip & electrical "w1 9 optical-in/rum5t mak+1 includ+ ! delicate & highly-skill$ "w ( l5s & prism mak+4 ,new ,tra9+ ,c5tres are con/antly be+ op5$ 9 prov9cial areas1 ! in/ruction be+ adapt$ to ! ne$s ( local factories4 ,!re are n[ 7,decemb]1 #aiag7 ov] =ty tra9+ s*ools = eng9e]+ "w 9 ,great ,brita91 z well z n9e in/ructional factories & work%ops1 & ! proportion ( wom5 to m5 tra9$ 9 all ! processes may be reckon$ r\ghly z two to "o4 ,! sy/em ( in/ruction is bas$1 9 "s ( ! ,c5tres1 on ! g5]al pr9ciple t ! ,s*ool und]takes ! prelim9>y "w ( tuition 9 ! simpl] eng9e]+ processes2 ! ,in/ructional ,factory1 or work%op1 specializ+ 9 ! m skill$ processes1 acts z a cle>+-h\se = promis+ /ud5ts f ! s*ools4 ,! urg5cy ( w>f>e does n1 h[ev]1 p]mit ! application ( any h>d-&-fa/ rules4 ,i h se5 specim5s ( "s ( ! mo/ 'advanc$' "w produc$ 9 a ,s*ool2 inde$1 ! delicate "w ( l5s poli%+ & c5tr+1 ! intricacies ( eng9e]+ draughtsman%ip1 ! precise art ( tool-sett+ & gauge-mak+ h become specialisms ( ! ,s*ools 9 c]ta9 localities4 ,illu/ration3 ,,turn+ ,,! ,,copp] ,,b& ,,( ,a #i4b-;,,in* ,,high-,,explosive ,,%ell ,illu/ration3 ,,drill+ ,,safety-,,p9 ,,hole ,,9 ,,fuse ,illu/ration3 ,,inspect+ ,,& ,,gaug+ ,,fuses ,illu/ration3 ,,turn+ ,,! ,,outside ,,& ,,=m+ ,,! ,,nose-,,end ,,( ,a #i4b-;,,in* ,,high-,,explosive ,,%ell ,z ,i write1 ! face ( an eag] girl ( #ba ye>s recurs to memory4 ,%e 0 %[+ me1 ! o!r day1 a ma/] gauge produc$ at a ,s*ool 9 ! ,ea/]n c\nties4 ',i made x all myself1' %e said joyfully1 'dead exact1 & all ! o!r gauges ( ?is size 9 ! ,s*ool are made f x4 ,i h j be5 appo9t$ assi/ant in/ructor 9 gauge-mak+4' ,:5 x is recall$ t ! deviation 9 ! measurem5ts ( a gauge is only tol]at$ )9 su* limits z a #c_/ajjjj "p ( an in*1 ! production 9 a ,s*ool ( a ma/] gauge1 'dead exact' 9 all its dim5sions1 is a pro( t ! /ud5t has already gone "s way 9 ! ma/]y ( ! craft ( ! eng9e]4 ,! ,in/ructional ,factory ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,in/ructional ,factory is (t5 =c$ by w> conditions to enrol raw recruits :o seem likely mat]ial = ! urg5t ne$s ( surr\nd+ factories4 ,9 su* cases1 ! c&idate is plac$ on trial = a week or two 9 ! ,in/ructional ,work%op1 z 9 ! ,s*ool4 ,if1 at ! close ( ! p]iod ( probation1 %e is deem$ unsuitable1 %e is advis$ at t prelim9>y /age to return to h] =m] occupation4 ,speak+ g5]ally1 ! rejects are extraord9>ily few1 & al?\gh x w\ld be premature to draw def9ite conclusions1 ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,tra9+ ,section sugge/s t !re is consid]able lat5t capacity = eng9e]+ "w 9 a l>ge numb] ( wom54 ,a t\r ( ! ,in/ructional ,work%ops emphasizes ! po9t2 ev]y:]e1 wom5 may be se5 ma/]+ 9 ! %ort int5sive c\rse ! "o advanc$ job = :i* ea* is be+ tra9$4 ,9 ! ,in/ructional ,work%op1 ! atmosph]e ( a ,s*ool is ex*ang$ = t ( a factory1 ! conditions ( a mod]n eng9e]+ %op be+ reflect$ )9 its prec9cts4 ,?us ! /ud5ts 'clock on & (f' on arrival & on dep>ture1 obs]ve factory %ifts1 "w on actual comm]cial jobs1 obta9 _! tools f an atta*$ /ore1 & s on4 ,! "w v>ies 9 ^! ,in/ructional ,factories z 9 ! eng9e]+ %op ( ! comm]cial _w4 ,9 "o section ( su* a hall ( tuition y may see ! wom5 int5t on ! production ( screws1 or bolts1 or nuts2 9 ano!r "p1 su* objects z fuse ne$les may be 9 ! c\rse ( manufacture4 ,y /op to see ! magic :i* is answ]able = ! bir? ( ! t9y factor :i* %all detonate ! explosive1 & y are amaz$ to f9d t a fuse ne$le requires six tools = its production & eight to n9e gauges = te/+ ! accuracy ( its measurem5ts4 ,or1 y may p]haps pause be=e a ma*9e :i* is turn+ out t9y grub screws4 ,to see a rod ( /eel (f] itself1 z x 71 to ! rightful in/rum5ts on a complicat$ ma*9e to impress ! ?read & slit1 to wat* x proce$+ on its way until a t9y section is divid$ & a complete screw is h&$ ov] to a tray outside ! ma*9e1 is1 to ! un9itiat$1 a miracle 9 itself4 ,to see ! :ole ( ^! complicat$ processes guid$ & op]at$ by a smil+ girl makes "o hopeful = ! national indu/ries ( ! future4 ,sett]s-up ( tools are at "w 9 ano!r section ( ! same ,in/ructional ,factory & at o!r ma*9es are /ud5ts gr9d+1 mill+1 or pr(il+4 ,y may !n visit ano!r ,in/ructional ,factory to f9d t aircraft is ! specialty4 ,i recall "o su* tra9+-gr\nd 9 a bay ( an a]oplane factory4 ,!re ! girls le>n almo/ e "p ( aircraft production1 f ! h&l+ ( ! t9y hamm]s us$ on ! woodwork = ! body & w+s1 to ! assembl+1 or putt+ toge!r ! te/$ p>ts4 ,9 ?is tra9+ factory1 a sy/em prevails ( lectures by ! practical in/ructors on ! use ( necess>y tools2 que/ions f ! /ud5ts are enc\rag$ at ! close ( ! lecture1 &1 ,i 0 in=m$1 :5 on "o occasion ,i 0 "o ( ! audi5ce1 t ! sav+ ( ! in/ructor's "t by ! adoption ( ?is me?od 0 beyond expect$ results4 ,aga91 y may visit an ,in/ructional ,factory :]e f\ndry "w is includ$ 9 ! curriculum1 or :]e advanc$ ma*9e "w is a feature4 ,i h /ood 9 "o ,in/ructional ,work%op :]e "s #fjj ma*9es 7 :irr+ simultane\sly1 & :]e ! _s ( en]gy & goodwill ( bo? /ud5ts & in/ructors seem$ z tangible z ! metal objects produc$4 ,9 ?is in/itution all ! accompli%$ "w is = production2 night z well z day %ifts are work$1 & ! ne$s ( our armies1 or ^? ( our ,allies1 are frankly discuss$ ) ! op]ators4 ,!re is no occasion = o!r inc5tive3 raw recruits1 /ud5ts f ! ,s*ools1 dis*>g$ soldi]s f ! ,front1 m5 unfit = active s]vice1 all ^! d5iz5s ( ! tra9+-%op vie ) ea* o!r to produce a maximum output4 ,x speaks volumes = ?is work%op t 9 spite ( ! cont9ual *anges ( op]ators--ea* set ( /ud5ts rema9+ only = a c\rse ( six to eight weeks--x is entirely ma9ta9$ on a comm]cial basis4 ,to rea* su* a /&>d 9 ^! circum/ances is to imply t ! h]oism ( ! work%op has become an +ra9$ habit 9 op]ators & /aff4 ,fir/ ,/eps 9 ,indu/rial ,life ,i rememb] wat*+ 9 ?is tra9+-gr\nd ! manufacture ( small a]o-eng9e p>ts1 exact 9 dim5sions to )9 ! smalle/ limits ( tol]ance4 ,i put a qu]y z to ! wa/age ( mat]ial 9 su* an op]ation1 :5 h&l$ by comp>ative new-com]s4 ',scrapp+ f ?is process'1 repli$ ! production manag] ) pride1 'does n exce$ a total av]age ( "o p] c5t4' ,! wom5 at "w at ! "t _h come f ! mo/ v>i$ occupations4 ,a l>ge proportion _h nev] work$ outside _! own home1 o!rs 7 dome/ic s]vants1 cooks1 h\semaids1 & s on1 o!rs 7 dressmak]s f small t[ns1 & "o1 ,i recall1 0 an assi/ant f a spa1 :]e %e _h be5 engag$ h&+ out 'wat]s' to invalids4 ',x is n ! rank ( society f :i* ! /ud5t is drawn t matt]s1' rem>k$ an in/ructor2 'x is ! p]sonality ( ! individual t c\nts4' ,e c>e has be5 tak5 by ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions to make x easy = wom5 ( all classes to p>ticipate 9 _! s*emes ( in/ruction4 ,! middle class girl :o has nev] und]tak5 indep5d5t "w1 ! woman :o has always liv$ & work$ )9 ! %elt] ( h] own home1 und\bt$ly felt 9 _m cases deb>r$ f ent]+ indu/rial life4 ,! necessity ( liv+ away f h] family1 9 ord] to ent] a ,tra9+-,s*ool1 ! abs5ce ( home conditions 9 s*ool or factory1 ! dread ( an entirely mascul9e sup]9t5d5ce1 all help$ to /r5g!n artificial b>ri]s betwe5 pot5tial /ud5ts & ! ne$$ eng9e]+ "w4 ,! ,tra9+ ,section1 wat*+ ! developm5t ( its s*emes1 became aw>e ( ! necessity ( mak+ arrangem5ts = /ud5ts f ! ,welf>e po9t ( view1 & an organization has ?us develop$ by :i* ! fir/ /eps 9 indu/rial life are made easy = ! mo/ appreh5sive ( new-com]s4 ,girl /ud5ts by rail are met by a responsible woman (ficial & are accompani$ to suitable lodg+s1 or to ho/els4 ,9 ! ev5t ( pressure 9 accommodation1 ! new /ud5t is introduc$ to tempor>y ap>tm5ts1 or to a ',cle>+ ,ho/el'1 :]e %e awaits 9 com=t a vacancy4 ,9 ! l>ge ,tra9+ ,c5tres1 a woman sup]visor is 9 *>ge4 ,%e makes all arrangem5ts z to ! provision ( meals1 re/-rooms1 cloak-rooms1 ,fir/-,aid c5tres1 & s on1 & is ready to advise ! wom5 /ud5ts on all po9ts relat+ to _! p]sonal int]e/s4 ,wom5 /ud5ts are also enabl$ to we> a khaki uni=m1 z memb]s ( ! ,me*anical ,unit ( ! ,wom5's ,legion1 a privilege f\nd to be ( di/9ct value to girls unaccu/om$ to /e]+ an indep5d5t c\rse 9 ! m boi/]\s /reams ( life4 ,! appreciation ( ! /ud5ts ( ! safe-gu>d+ ( _! individual desires crops out 9 unexpect$ places4 ,9 a h&ful ( correspond5ce f /ud5ts1 "o gleans su* rem>ks z ! foll[+3 ',mrs4 ,h4 nev] sp>es h]self any tr\ble z long z %e c make ?+s pleasant = me1 %e consid]s x h] w> "w to make munition work]s happy1 & x is v nice to meet p t appreciate :at we are do+ = our c\ntry4'444 ',we 7 met at ! /ation by ! works motor4 ,all at once we turn$ up an av5ue ( lime-trees & drew up at ! door ( our c\ntry e/ate4 ,x is a real lovely h\se & we revel 9 ! glories ( fre% air1 lawns & g>d5s1 good b$s & well-spread tables4 ,we cross a field to ! works4 ,d9n] & tea await u :5 we get "h1 & !re is a well-/ock$ vegetable g>d5 to give u fre% vegetables1 s we all feel inde$ t our l9es are fall5 9 pleasant places1 & we are v grateful4' ,9 ^! ways a bridge has be5 built by ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions betwe5 ! normal life ( ! wom5 9 ?is c\ntry & ! "w 9 ! munitions factory4 ,,*apt] ,,iii3 ,,at ,,"w--,i ,,%ells ,,& ,,%ell ,,cases--,,9 ,,! ,,fuse ,,%op--,,c>tridges ,,& ,,bullets ,arriv$ 9 ! munitions factory1 ! new-com]1 :e!r f a ,gov]nm5t ,tra9+ ,c5tre1 or f ano!r occupation1 is giv5 two or ?ree weeks' trial on ! task %e has come to und]take4 ,only a v small proportion ( ! wom5 (f]+ _! s]vices--"o exp]i5c$ manag] puts x at #e p] c5t4--are f\nd unsuitable1 & ^! are dis*>g$ dur+ ! probation>y p]iod4 ,except 9 ! case ( ^? :o h receiv$ a prelim9>y tra9+1 or ( ^? :o h m]ely transf]r$ _! en]gies f o!r factory "w1 ! av]age woman has1 at ! initial /age 9 ! munitions %ops1 to ov]come an in/9ctive fe> ( ! ma*9e4 ,occasionally1 ! fe> is int5sifi$ into an unreason+ phase ( t]ror4 ',"o has to coax ! wom5 to /ay ) su* z ^!1' said "o und]/&+ =eman1 po9t+ to a mon/] ma*9e ) huge-too!d :eels4 ',we don't ask a woman to sit alone ) ^! at fir/1 = %e w\ldn't d x1 s we put a man ) h]1 & let h] sit & wat* a bit1 & aft] a :ile %e loses h] fe> & won't "w any?+ else1 if %e c help x4' ,! wom51 9 fact1 soon get atta*$ to ! ma*9es !y are work+1 9 a mann] probably unkn[n to ! m54 ',i've be5 "h a ye> on ?is ma*9e1 & ,i c't d ne> s well on any o!r1' is a rem>k _m a girl has made to me z ,i h wat*$ h] on a difficult job4 ,f "t to "t1 a girl w ev5 confess t %e 'c't be> to ?9k ( "s "o on ! night-%ift work+ h] ma*9e'4 ,an und]/&+ has aris5 betwe5 ! ma*9e & ! op]ator :i* am\nts almo/ to affection4 ,i h (t5 notic$ ! expression ( ?is emotion 9 ! work%ops2 ! c>ess+ t\* ( a woman's f+]s1 = in/ance1 z a bore is be+ urg$ on to ! job on ! ma*9e4 ,?is t\*1 :i* _c be taught1 or imp>t$1 enables ! op]ation to be />t$ 9 ! mo/ effective me?od possible1 & goes to ! mak+ ( an excell5t & accurate work]4 ,! fem99ity ( ! work] has1 h[ev]1 its drawbacks1 & = ! sake ( successful h&l+ ( wom5 9 ! munitions factory1 x is z well t ^! psy*ological po9ts %\ld be not$4 ,if1 = example1 a ma*9e is out ( ge>1 or if ! op]ation is held up = any o!r cause1 ! wom5 munition mak]s w sometimes behave 9 an unreasonable mann]1 q bewild]+ to a =eman accu/om$ only to deal+ ) m54 ,! tempor>y cessation ( "w may make only a slight money diff]5ce to ! woman op]ator by ! end ( ! week3 'n en\gh to fuss ab\t1' z ! =eman judges4 ,b ! woman nev]!less (t5 does fuss1 because 9 h] eyes ! wages d n loom s l>ge z ! int]ruption to h] "w4 ,%e 'hates /&+-by'1 %e w say1 = %e _c express ! emotion ( :i* %e is b dimly consci\s1 t a woman's deep in/9ct is to give freely ( h] fullness1 & x frets h] v s\l to be balk$ 9 ! middle ( a job4 ,illu/ration3 ,,assembl+ ,,fuses ,illu/ration3 ,,cool+ ,,%ell ,,=g+s ,illu/ration3 ,,op]at+ ,a ,,lumsd5 ,,pla9 ,,gr9d]3 ,,re-,,=m+ #h-;,,in* ,,high-,,explosive ,,cutt]s ,o!r initial ob/acles 9 ! employm5t ( 'new' female lab\r 9 ! factories result f ! ex*ange ( ! manifold duties ( ! woman 9 h] own home = repetition "w p]=m$ 9 ! company ( hundr$s ( o!r human be+s4 ,^! difficulties are1 h[ev]1 soon ov]come1 & ! new-com]1 g5]ally speak+1 rapidly becomes "o ( a l>ge & m]ry company4 ,! :irr ( ! :eels & ! p]si/5t ?rob ( ! ma*9]y may at fir/ di/ract h]1 b aft] a %ort "t ! factory noises are unnotic$1 save z an accompanim5t to h] ?\ghts1 h] laught]1 or h] song4 ,i h inde$ met 9 ! ,engl& ( to-day no?+ m inspirit+1 outside ! soldi]s' camps1 ?an ! wom5 munition work]s at "w or at play4 ,9 ,augu/ #aiaf1 !re 7 "s #ejj diff]5t munitions processes ^u :i* wom5 7 engag$4 ,to-day1 !y are employ$ ^u practically e op]ation 9 factory1 9 f\ndry1 9 laboratory1 & *emical works1 ( :i* !y are physically capable4 ,)9 ! limits ( ?is publication x is n possible to foll[ !m into e field ( _! endeav\rs1 yet a glance at _! "w 9 a few typical products may give "s slight indication ( wom5's contribution to ,brita9's ef=t 9 ! ,_w ,w>4 ,%ells & ,%ell ,cases ,( ! numb]s ( op]ations t g to ! mak+ ( a %ell1 wom5 n[ und]take e process1 9 "s works1 includ+ ev5 ! =g+ ( ! billets 9 ! f\ndry4 ,x 0 ! urg5t ne$ ( a greatly increas$ output ( %ells 9 #aiae :i* l$ to ! widespread introduction into ! eng9e]+ %ops ( female lab\r1 & ! wom5 h repaid ?is unique opportunity by _! unqualifi$ success4 ,s rapid1 & s m>k$1 has be5 _! progress 9 %ell production t by ! spr+ ( #aiag ! (ficial ann\ncem5t 0 ju/ifi$1 t1 by ,m>* #ca ( t ye>1 ,gov]nm5t contracts = %ells ( c]ta9 dim5sions w\ld only be giv5 :]e #hj p] c5t4 ( ! employees 7 wom54 ,at fir/1 ! wom5 7 ma9ly engag$ 9 simple ma*9e op]ations1 su* z bor+1 drill+1 & turn+1 or 9 fill+ ! %ells4 ,!y are1 at pres5t1 work+ hydraulic presses1 guid+ huge ov]head cranes1 'tong+'1 or lift+ ! molt5 billets1 'sett+'1 or fitt+ ! tools 9 ! ma*9es1 inspect+ & gaug+1 pa9t+ ! f9i%$ %ell cases1 mak+ ! boxes = dispat* ( ! f9i%$ product1 & truck+ ^! :5 f9ally screw$ up & ready = exit f ! factory to ! ,front4 ,x is n possible to describe "h 9 detail wom5's entire contribution to ! production ( a %ell1 b1 f f\ndry to railway truck1 %e has become an al]t & promis+ work]4 ,9 ! f\ndry1 h] appe>ance is z yet exceptional1 yet 9 ! ,nor? c\ntry x is no unusual sight to f9d a woman 9 ! cage susp5d$ f ! ov]head travell+ crane1 op]at+ its protrud+ arm4 ,n[1 %e w pick up ) ! clumsy iron f+]s a pig ( iron & ?ru/ x into ! gl[+ dep?s ( a furnace1 or %e w lift ! r$-hot billet & br+ x to ! hydraulic press1 :]e x is r\ghly holl[$ into its pr$e/9$ %ape4 ,9 ! %ell %op prop] y may wat* ! woman op]ator on "s scores ( processes2 at "o ma*9e1 %e may be attack+ ! c5tre ( ! billet ) a revolv+ nose1 at ano!r %e may be 'turn+' ! outside ( a %ell4 ,! %av+s curl (f 9 ?is process l hot bacon r9d & fall 9 iridesc5t r+s ar\nd h]3 blue1 purple1 peacock1 or gleam+ silv]4 ,or1 y may wat* ! woman work] '?read+' ! %ell1 a process by :i* ! screw ?reads are provid$1 into :i* ! nose ( ! %ell is aft]w>ds fitt$2 or1 y may /& & m>vel at ! skill ( ! work] :o s deftly rivets ! base-plate into ! %ell's l[] end4 ,b1 p]haps1 ! mo/ attractive op]ation to ! visitor to ! %ell %op is ! fitt+ & groov+ ( ! %ell's copp] b&1 a process :i* leaves ! ma*9e & work] half-hidd5 9 ! glory ( sunset t9ts1 z ! copp] scrap falls ?ickly f ! ma*9e4 ,at e /age1 ! %ell is gaug$ & te/$1 exam9$ & re-exam9$1 s9ce accuracy is ! wat*-^w ( its production4 ,sometimes1 ! ma*9e-op]ator w gauge h] own product2 at o!r /ages1 ! %ell passes into ! h&s ( wom5 ov]look]s ( ! factory1 ! f9al te/s be+ made by ,gov]nm5t 'view]s'4 ,! inside1 z well z ! outside ( ! %ell is submitt$ to su* inspection1 & y may see wom5 pe]+ into ! int]ior ( ! %ells1 aid$ by ! light f a t9y electric bulb1 m\nt$ on a /ick4 ,?is contrivance is ?ru/ successively into r[s & r[s ( %ells4 ,wom5 are n[ exclusively us$ = ! pa9t+ ( ! %ells1 a process accompli%$1 n by means ( a bru% & pa9t-pot1 b by ! op]ator play+ a f9e electrically-work$ syr+e on to ! surface ( ! %ell4 ,?is process is und]tak5 9 :at is (t5 call$ '! but*]'s %op'1 ! %ells1 9 pairs1 be+ swung up on a rope into a comp>tm5t :]e ! op]ator works f beh9d a protective iron scre54 ,9 ! ,fill+ %ops1 wom5's devotion to _! "w has be5 prov$ once & aga94 ,:e!r ! process und]tak5 be 9 company ( a few comrades1 or 9 isolat$ huts :]e lonely vigils are kept ov] /ores ( explosives1 ! munition-girls are h>dly kn[n to fl9* 9 _! duty4 ,sometimes1 !y h volunte]$ to "w ?r\gh\t ! night :5 air-raids are 9 progress1 at o!r times1 wom5-work]s h return$ to ! ,dang] ,zone imm$iately aft] "s bad exp]i5ce !re2 &1 9 e case1 ! woman work] 9 ! ,fill+ ,factory *e]fully sacrifices mu* :i* %e holds de> 9 life4 ,x may signify b little to a man to give up 8 small p]sonal possessions :il/ at "w 9 ! dang] areas1 b to _m a woman work] x means mu*1 t %e may n we> a broo*1 or a fl[]1 :ile on duty1 & t h] w$d+-r+1 ! only all[able tr9ket1 mu/ be b\nd ) ?read :ile %e works4 ,h] tresses1 :i* %e normally loves to braid1 or twi/ into v>y+ fa%ions1 mu/ also be left hairp9less b5ea? h] cap4 ,%e mu/ rel9qui% h] p]sonal belong+s be=e go+ to h] allott$ task2 no cro*et-hook or knitt+-p9 may accompany h] into ! zone :]e friction ( /eel1 or h>d metal1 might spell dea? to a multitude ( employees4 ,yet ?is sacrifice ( individuality is giv5 freely by ! woman 9 ! ,fill+ %op1 & %e is /ill m]ry-he>t$ & bli! z %e fills ! small bags ) deadly p[d]1 or b9ds ! *>ge :i* %all fire ! %ell4 ,:5 ! %ell is f9ally fill$ & pass$ ',o4,k4'1 or p]fect1 x is a woman :o packs x into its box & :o :eels x on a truck1 sometimes = a mile or m ov] n>r[ plat=ms1 to h& x to ano!r woman :o /acks x into ! wait+ railway-wagon4 ,any "o :o has wat*$ ?r\gh\t ! production ( a %ell 9 a factory ( to-day c only e*o a well-kn[n au?or's rec5t salute3 ',hats (f to ! ,wom5'4 ,9 ! ,fuse ,%op ,! fuse1 t small & complicat$ object :i* explodes ! %ell1 is a w>-product n[ l>gely produc$ by wom5's lab\r4 ,a few in*es 9 l5g?1 x requires "s hundr$s ( op]ations = its manufacture1 ev5 if ! initial processes on ! metal are exclud$ f ! c\nt4 ,9 section1 x looks l a complicat$ metal jig-saw puzzle ( exquisite f9i% & cohesion3 view+ x ext]nally1 a *ild might mi/ake x = a conjur]'s 'prop]ty'1 a bright metal egg1 or roll (t5 surr\nd$ by a metal r+ m>k$ ) "t measurem5ts4 ,! c>e & accuracy necess>y = ! production ( ?is small object c h>dly be imag9$ by ! un9itiat$3 x is measur$ & re-measur$ 9 e diamet]1 s9ce on its p]fection dep5ds ! life ( ! gunn] & 8 team4 ,! fuse %op is usually *>act]iz$ by its cleanl9ess & quietude4 ,i recall "o su* %op /ret*+ f> away into di/ance bo? 9 l5g? & bread?4 ,"u its ro( "s #a1ejj wom5 7 at "w4 ,conv]sation c\ld be held 9 any "p ( ! %op1 undi/urb$ by ! usual factory noises4 ,! fuse p>ts are1 inde$1 s small t ! ma*9]y is necess>ily light1 & 9 su* a %op x is dext]ity & accuracy t tell1 r ?an physical /r5g?4 ,r[s ( graceful wom5 & girls 7 /&+ at _! ma*9es1 & ,i recall h[ _! ov]alls & caps ( v>i$ hues made a ra9b[ effect1 z "o wat*$ f a di/ant corn]4 ,"s 7 9 cream col\r & "s 9 russet-br[n1 or apple gre51 ! caps sometimes mat*+ ! ov]all & sometimes (f]+ a /rong contra/4 ,a spla% ( purple1 or a deep mag5ta1 m+l$ ) ! head-dresses ( s(t] hue1 = 9 ?is %op1 away f ! ,dang] ,zone1 no insi/5ce 0 made on uni=mity ( factory co/ume4 ,o!r wom51 we>+ a di/9ctive armlet1 7 pass+ 9 & out betwe5 ! r[s ( work]s1 n[ /opp+ & b5d+ ov] a ma*9e1 n[ mak+ "s bright rem>k to ! op]ator1 z a ripple ( laught] indicat$1 or aga91 po9t+ out 9 /]n] wise "s dang]1 or "s error 9 ! job4 ,^! it9]>y wom5 are ! ov]look]s1 :o s9ce ! w> h p]fect$ !mselves 9 _! special job & c n[ sup]vise ! op]ators4 ,at long tables1 o!r wom5 7 sitt+2 "s q eld]ly & grey-hair$1 "s m]e girls4 ,!y 7 measur+ ) small gauges p>ts ( ! fuse1 "s ! size ( a good-siz$ bead4 ,!re are #aej diff]5t gauges au?oriz$ = ! measurem5t ( "o type ( fuse1 & 9 practice ev5 m are us$1 to ensure p]fection ( accuracy4 ,i /ood spell-b\nd at "o ( ^! gaug+ tables & wat*$ ! exam9ation ( small screws & fla% plugs4 ,!re 7 six little squ>es ( felt on ! table1 on :i* ! exam9] plac$ rejects1 classifi$ accord+ to ! detect$ flaw4 ,! "w proce$$ ) ! utmo/ dispat*1 ! 'accept$' or 'p]fect' heap gr[+ z if by magic4 ,at ano!r table1 a girl 0 te/+ spr+s ( ab\t an in* long4 ,if any ( ^! %[$ ! smalle/ fraction too mu* l5g? aft] be+ submitt$ to a giv5 pressure1 !y 7 put aside z 'scrap'4 ,at yet ano!r table1 t9y fuse ne$les 7 be+ exam9$ = l5g?1 ?ickness ( phlange1 & accuracy ( po9t1 & on a high flat desk1 ne> a ma*9e1 ,i notic$ sev5te5 diff]5t gauges 7 rang$ = ! exam9ation ( ! p]cussion end ( ! fuse-body1 "o t5-?\s&? "p ( an in* be+ ! limitation or v>iation all[$ 9 su* p>ts4 ,:5 all ! p>ts h be5 exam9$ !y are pass$ to o!r tables = assembl+1 or putt+ toge!r4 ,9 ?is op]ation almo/ sup]human c>e is requir$1 & ! "w is res]v$ = ! be/ op]ators & "t-keep]s z a rew>d = long s]vice4 ',assembl+' is reg>d$ z ! plum ( ! fuse-room4 ,! op]ators are well aw>e ( ! importance ( ! task1 z !y /[ away 9 ! "t fuses ! pea-ball1 pellet1 spr+1 /irrup1 f]rule1 & o!r compon5ts ( ! fuse4 ,! ne$le is fix$ by bl[s f a small hamm]1 & at l5g? ! fuse is complet$ & passes out ( ! room ( its creation to receive its 'fill+' f o!r h&s4 ,c>tridges & ,bullets ,! production ( c>tridges & bullets is ano!r bran* ( munitions production 9 :i* wom5 are ma9ly employ$4 ,^! objects1 :i*1 :5 complet$1 are toge!r no long] ?an a ball-room p5cil1 make 9 _! manufacture no great dem& on physical /r5g?4 ,on ent]+ a c>tridge & bullet %op1 "o is at once /ruck ) its individuality4 ,!re is m /ir & movem5t ?an 9 a fuse-room1 b less ( ! imp]i\sness ( ! ma*9]y ?an 9 ! %ell or gun %op4 ,!re is 9 ! c>tridge & bullet room /ill ! :irr ( :eels &1 above t1 ! deep con/ant ?rob ( ! driv+-=ce1 t makes conv]sation almo/ inaudible to ! new-com]4 ,b b5ea? ?is bass accompanim5t1 "o c he> ! less] s\nds belong+ to ! c>tridge & bullet-room alone4 ,!re may be ! buzz ( ! circulat+ gas ma*9es--:i* resemble m9iature m]ry-g-r\nds--! tap1 tap1 ( ! c>tridges z !y are ?r[n out ( ! ma*9e into a box bel[1 & ! t9kle ( bullets z !y are p\r$ into weigh+ ma*9es1 or on to tables1 or into huge b>rels1 su* z are us$ on ! :>ves = ! transport ( h]r+s4 ,a c>tridge & bullet-%op sometimes is z animat$ & z picturesque z an op5-air m>ket "u a s\!rn sky4 ,i rememb] su* a %op :]e ! girls 7 9 v>i\s factory co/umes1 "s at ! ma*9es 9 khaki & "s 9 cream-col\r$ ov]alls & caps2 "s1 :o 7 'truck+'1 or remov+ ! product 9 boxes1 7 9 cream tr\s]-suits1 ) sm>t head-dresses fa%ion$ f brightly-col\r$ ori5tal h&k]*iefs4 ,9 betwe5 ! r[s ( girls m5 9 d>k suits 7 pass+ to & fro1 n[ /opp+ to exam9e1 or alt] a ma*9e & n[ tak+ up a box ( bullets & p\r+ out its glitt]+ cont5ts l a silv] /ream1 s t ! output f ea* work] might be weigh$ & assess$4 ,?r\gh an op5 door1 at "o side ( ! %op1 "o c\ld see o!r m51 l /]n magicians1 dropp+ c>tridges into vats ( acid1 & j to ! side ( ! vats ,i caught sight ( two girls vigor\sly %ak+ a sack ( c>tridges1 hot f ! furnace4 ,z !y %ook1 !y sang an army refra93 ',take me back to de> old ,blighty1' ) a *orus ( laught]4 ,at ! extreme end ( ! %op1 ne> ! door :5ce ! product made its exit1 7 long n>r[ tables1 pil$ ) bullets1 rem9d+ "o ( a haul ( silv] sprats on ! quay-side4 ,^! 7 ! inspect+ tables :]e ! bullets receive m9ute att5tion f wom5 view]s4 ,! wom5's "w 9 ! bullet-%op is ( extraord9>y int]e/ to ! onlook]1 al?\gh _m ( ! processes mu/ be inf9itely m monoton\s1 f ! work]'s /&po9t1 ?an op]ations 9 o!r munitions productions4 ,! elongation ( ! little metal vessel1 resembl+ an acorn-cup1 into a full-l5g? c>tridge1 or bullet1 necessitates _m op]ations 9 :i* ! dext]ity ( human f+]s & ! +5uity ( ! ma*9e bo? come into play4 ,9 ! %op ,i recall1 9 "o ma*9e employ$ = semi-anneal+1 ! c>tridge 0 be+ 'f$' into a metal revolv+ plate4 ,?is pass$ beh9d an asbe/os scre5 into a d\ble r[ ( gas jets1 :]e ! semi-anneal+ or h>d5+ process 0 be+ accompli%$4 ,! dext]ity ( ! op]ators 0 s great t "o woman 0 (t5 fe$+ two ma*9es1 app>5tly )\t ef=t1 & nev] miss$ plac+ ! c>tridge into ! correct ap]ture 9 ! revolv+ plate4 ,9 ano!r process1 ,i wat*$ "y girls sitt+ r\nd a table & plac+ bullets into circul> ap]tures 9 small trays1 resembl+ solitaire-bo>ds4 ,_m ( ! girls 7 work+ ) su* spe$ t x 0 impossible to foll[ ! movem5ts ( _! f+]s1 b !y1 unconsci\s ( _! pr[ess1 work$ ) av]t$ heads1 smil+ 9 amusem5t at ! visitor's a/oni%m5t4 ,9 yet ano!r op]ation1 x 0 ! ma*9e t held "o's att5tion4 ,! op]ator 0 fe$+ c>tridges into a metal b& :i* slipp$ out ( view :ile ! process ( 'tap]+' 0 p]=m$4 ,:5 f9i%$1 a metal ?umb & index f+] appe>$1 :i* delicately pick$ up ! c>tridges1 "o by "o1 & ?rew !m aside4 ,! displac$ c>tridge !n hopp$ out ( ! ma*9e into a box at ! side ( ! ma*9e4 ,entranc$ by ! _m my/]ies 9 ! production ( c>tridges & bullets 9 ! %op ,i am recall+1 ,i _h n notic$ t ! tea-int]val _h arriv$1 & sudd5ly f\nd t ! "w-room 0 almo/ empty ( human be+s4 ,only two girls rema9$4 ,!y 7 sitt+ sew+1 :il/ !y dev\r$ ?ick slices ( bread & butt] out ( a newspap] packet4 ,! woman inspector1 :o 0 my guide1 turn$ %>ply4 ',:at are y do+ "h8' %e said1 ',eat+ y\r tea 9 ! work%op1 in/ead ( outside1 or 9 ! cante54 ,be (f at once into ! fre% air4' ,!n1 ) ! indignation fad+ out ( a good-hum\r$ face3 ',:at next8' %e said4 ,look+ out ( ! op5 door at ! /reams ( bright & happy girls laugh+1 s++1 danc+1 & runn+1 z only heal?y y\? c d 9 ! mid/ ( ^! d>k days ( w>1 ,i seem$ to see o!r & bright] days ahead /ret*+ out into ! ye>s ( ! future1 :5 ! workfolk w\ld all ta/e a full] joy 9 life4 ,) r5ew$ hope1 ,i gave h] back h] *all5ge3 ',well6 & :at next8' ,,*apt] ,,iv3 ,,at ,,"w--,,ii ,,! ,,mak+ ,,( ,,aircraft--,,optical ,,in/rum5ts--,,9 ,,! ,,%ipy>ds ,! ,mak+ ( ,aircraft ,! production ( aircraft1 und]tak5 9 ?is c\ntry on a l>ge scale only s9ce ! outbreak ( ! w>1 has fall5 m naturally into ! h&s ( wom54 ,! "w is = ! mo/ "p light1 & ! new factories1 (t5 erect$ 9 op5 c\ntry1 are bright1 airy1 & l>gely free f ! noise ( ma*9]y4 ,add$ to ^! special attractions to ! woman work]1 !re is app>5tly a di/9ct appeal to ! y\? ( bo? sexes & to wom5 ( all ages 9 any?+ connect$ ) ! art ( fly+4 ,x is no secret t our output ( aircraft is /eadily increas+1 & t dur+ #aiag x has be5 d\bl$4 ,9 "o factory 9 ,london1 ! output has be5 trebl$ )9 ?ree mon?s2 9 ,lanca%ire1 !re are in/ances 9 :i* x has be5 d\bl$1 & o!r areas %[ an improv$ production v>y+ f #be to #ej p] c5t4 ,yet ! increas$ dem& = lab\r = ?is "w has always be5 imm$iately answ]$1 & !re is a /eady fl[ into ! factories ( ! be/ type ( wom5 work]s f e class ( society4 ,"h & !re1 "o already meets a woman :o1 dur+ ! %ort p]iod ( ! w>1 has ris5 to be manag] or p>tn] 9 an aircraft factory4 ,unconsci\sly1 su* a "o emphasizes ! fact t ! ma/]y ( ! elem5t ( ! future is likely to be an affair ( bo? ! sexes4 ,a visit to any a]oplane factory repeats ! h9t1 & reveals ! extraord9>y v]satility ( skill lat5t 9 wom51 :i* c well be appli$ to ?is =m ( indu/ry4 ',wom5 mu/ h be5 cab9'd1 cribb$1 & conf9$ be=e ! w>'1 said a =eman 9 tak+ me ov] 8 %op 9 an aircraft works4 ',look :at !y c d at ?is k9d ( job1 & yet _m ( !m are ladies1 f homes :]e !y sat ab\t & 7 wait$ ^u4' ,! wond] ( x _c fail to impress a visitor1 s9ce only f\r ye>s ago wom5 7 all[$ to und]take 9 aircraft con/ruction m]ely ^? p>ts :i* conv5tion deem$ suitable = fem99e f+]s3 su* processes1 = in/ance1 z ! sew+ ( ! w+s by h&1 or by ma*9e1 or ! pa9t+ ( ! woodwork4 ,illu/ration3 ,,engrav+ ,,metal ,,p>ts ,,= ,,compasses ,illu/ration3 ,,col\r+ ,,a]oplane ,,planes ,illu/ration3 ,,*ipp+ ,,& ,,gr9d+ ,,blades ,,( ,,ca/ ,,iron ,,propell] ,,) ,,portable ,,tools ,illu/ration3 ,,woman ,,act+ ,,z ,,mate ,,to ,,jo9]4 ,,mak+ ,,sea-,,plane ,,floats ,to-day1 !y und]take almo/ e o!r process bo? at ! c>p5t]'s b5* & 9 ! eng9e]+ %op1 & ! *ief impression y c>ry away f a /roll ?r\gh su* a factory is t ! wom5 are ?or\ghly at home 9 ! "w4 ,! op]ations are (t5 s clean t ! work]s' ov]alls & caps ( ! da9tie/ %ades ( p9k1 blue1 :ite1 & heliotrope1 rema9 fre%2 ! mat]ial = a]oplane p>ts is usually s light t ! h&l+ ( x pres5ts no difficulty to a slip ( a girl4 ,:5 )9 ! works1 ! visitor is con/antly /imulat$ to ! ?\ght t ! h& :i* rocks ! cradle %\ld obvi\sly be ! "o to make ! air-ma*9e4 ,"o expects1 ( c\rse1 wom5's famili>ity ) ! occupation 9 ! room :]e ! f9e ,iri% l95 is cut out & fa%ion$ into w+s4 ,"o is n surpris$ at ! facility ) :i* ! measur+ & cutt+ out are accompli%$1 &1 maybe1 an emotion ( admiration arises1 simil> to t evok$ by ! contemplation ( old tape/ries1 :5 "o wat*es ! h&-sew+ ( a seam 9 a w+ ( "s #aj feet 9 l5g?4 ,n a /it* ( ! button-hol+ ( su* a seam deviates by a hairbread? f its fell[s4 ,su* "w has1 h[ev]1 be5 wom5's prov9ce ?r\gh ! ages4 ,b a new s5sation is awak5$ 9 ! c>p5t]'s %op :]e wom5 are work+ ) dext]ity at ! b5*1 h&l+ woodwork l ! m51 n[ deal+ ) delicate wood5 ribs1 or aga91 fa%ion+ propell]s out ( mahogany or walnut ) su* nicety t !re is n ! slighte/ deviation betwe5 ! dim5sions ( a pair4 ,9 ! room :]e ! l95 is /ret*$ ov] ! wood5 ribs1 ,i h se5 wom5 work+ ) t9y hamm]s1 giv+ fairy bl[s t nev] miss _! m>k on t9y nails4 ,x is ) fasc9ation t a visitor /&s by be-goggl$ wom5 z !y und]take ! weld+ ( metal jo9ts by ! oxy-acetyl5e process4 ,"h1 consci5ti\sness is a vital quality 9 ! op]ator1 s9ce an undetect$ flaw 9 ! weld1 z a works =eman rec5tly rem>k$1 'might easily s5d an airman to ,k+dom ,come'4 ,= ?is process1 wom5 ( education are m (t5 select$4 ,x is ) awe t y wat* ! wom5 at "w on ! metal p>ts ( ! a]oplane1 drill+1 gr9d+1 bor+1 mill+ on ! ma*9e1 or sold]+ t9y alum9um p>ts = ! fuselage1 & 9 ea* process gaug+ & re-gaug+1 measur+ & re-measur+4 ,wom5 also "w on a]o-eng9es1 & help 9 ! manufacture ( ! magneto1 ! v he>t ( ! ma*9e4 ,!y ev5 und]take special processes1 :i* be=e ! w> 7 only entru/$ to a select body ( m54 ,i /ood "o day1 = example1 wat*+ a woman splic+ /eel rope1 a process und]tak5 9 pre-w> days by sailors4 ,%e 0 work+ ) extraord9>y spe$ & unconc]n1 & _h le>n$ ! job 9 ?ree or f\r days4 ,be=e !n1 %e told me1 %e _h be5 h] employ]'s cook4 ,b ! mo/ allur+ sc5e ( all is ! assembl+ ( aircraft4 ,! inf9ite numb] ( sep>ate p>ts are n[ ready2 !y h be5 te/$ by factory ov]look]s & rete/$ by ,gov]nm5t inspectors4 ,! greate/ c>e is tak5 9 ^! exam9ations3 x is ! only possible insurance ( ! lives ( ! brave y\?s on _! j\rney above ! cl\ds4 ,all ! work]s "k ?is1 & ! s]i\sness ( ! job is reflect$ on _! faces4 ,b n[ all ! p>ts are ready & to h& 9 ! ,erect+ %op4 ,!n w+s & propell] are add$ to body1 ! eng9e & lea!r-uphol/]$ seats introduc$1 ! electric app>atus fitt$ up1 ! compass1 ammunition box & o!r in/rum5ts & weapons plac$ 9 position4 ,! a]oplane is at l5g? complete1 & /&s 9 ! hang> l "s great bird1 ) out/ret*$ p9ions1 await+ its fir/ flight into ! ,unkn[n4 ,wom5 und]take e process ( ?is assembl+1 & h acquir$ famili>ity ) all ! p>ts4 ,?is 0 put to ! te/ rec5tly 9 a c]ta9 works :5 a woman op]ator 0 direct$ to dismantle a ma*9e4 ,)\t hesitation1 %e /ripp$ ! complex network ( ! /ructural /ay-wires & ! control wires1 & !n re-assembl$ !m1 correct 9 e p>ticul>1 at ! fir/ attempt4 ,optical ,in/rum5ts ,( ! _m indu/ries develop$ by ! w>1 ! production ( optical in/rum5ts (f]s a /rik+ example ( rapid progress4 ,be=e #aiad1 ! optical glass indu/ry ( ,europe 0 l>gely 9 ! h&s ( ,g]many & ,au/ria1 & ! outbreak ( ho/ilities meant ! total clos+ ( t m>ket to ! ,allies4 ,! lack ( optical in/rum5ts ?us occasion$ 0 at fir/ a s\rce ( grave national p]il1 s9ce optical glass provides1 z x 71 eyes = bo? ,navy & ,army4 ,! eyes ( ! guns are ! range-f9d]1 ! director1 ! sight+ telescope1 p]iscope1 prism b9ocul>s1 & o!r in/rum5ts = obs]v+ fire & correct+ ! aim2 ! tank w\ld be bl9d )\t its p]iscope1 & obs]vations are made f aircraft by means ( photographic cam]as & l5ses4 ,at sea1 ! tale is repeat$2 ! subm>9e requires at lea/ "o eye1 & ! subm>9e *as] ne$s _m1 :ile1 by means ( optical in/rum5ts1 ! naval gunn] c fire at a t>get :i* is ab\t #ae to #bj miles away4 ,! v heal? ( ! army dep5ds1 9 great measure1 on optical glass1 s9ce ! ,royal ,army ,m$ical ,corps fights mal>ia & o!r diseases due to p>asites1 :i* mu/ be magnifi$ by a microscope a ?\s& times be=e !y c be id5tifi$4 ,h5ce1 ! solution ( ! problem ( optical munitions 0 a vital matt] 9 ! e>ly days ( ! w>4 ,) *>act]i/ic en]gy1 ,great ,brita9 set to "w & soon re/or$ a langui%+ trade4 ,! task 0 enorm\s2 ! indu/ry _h to be reviv$ f its v f\ndations4 ,! production ( ! peculi> types ( glass requir$ = optical in/rum5ts 9 itself pres5t$ a =midable ob/acle1 ev5 its pr9cipal +r$i5t1 a special quality ( s&1 be+ =m]ly d]iv$ ma9ly f ,fonta9ebleau & ,belgium4 ,b by widespread inve/igation effici5t sub/itutes 7 soon discov]$1 ! problem ( mix+ ! +r$i5ts 0 at l5g? solv$1 =mulae = special glasses devis$1 & we are n[ produc+ l>ge quantities ( optical glass ( p]fect quality4 ,! production ( ! raw mat]ial 01 h[ev]1 only a fir/ /ep 9 obta9+ an adequate supply ( optical in/rum5ts4 ,numb]s ( delicate processes /& betwe5 ! r\gh glass & ! f9i%$ implem5t4 ,! glass mu/ be cut1 gr\nd1 & curv$ exactly to ! requisite design1 :i* 9 itself takes _m days ( high ma!matical computation2 x mu/ be smoo!d & poli%$1 clean$ ) meticul\s c>e1 & adju/$ to a nicety 9 ! p>ticul> in/rum5t = :i* x is fa%ion$4 ,! difficulties & pitfalls are incalculable2 f />t to f9i% ! glass obeys no fix$ laws1 b answ]s only to ! skill$ h&l+ ( ! sci5ti/ & craftsman4 ',optical glass is ! mule ( mat]ials'1 comm5ts a rec5t writ] ) s9c]ity4 ,! abs5ce ( requisite lab\r = :at 0 practically a new indu/ry 0 a s]i\s m5ace1 & x is to ! cr$it ( ,engli%wom5 t1 z soon z ! ne$ = _! s]vices 9 ?is direction 0 made kn[n1 !y /epp$ )\t hesitation into ?is unfamili> & highly skill$ indu/ry4 ,_! success !re9 is rem>kable1 & _m1 f su* call+s z high-class dome/ic s]vice1 k9d]g>t5 in/ruction1 music tea*+1 bl\se & dressmak+1 h a*iev$ a wond]ful record 9 ! delicate & highly te*nical processes ( l5s-smoo?+ & poli%+ & 9 ! production ( prisms ( faultless poli% & cut4 ,!re is1 ,i take x1 no m int]e/+ munitions developm5t ?an 9 factories :]e ^! l5ses & prisms are produc$4 ,! "w is s f9e & s delicate t "o feels x might be m suitably transf]r$ = manipulation to elves1 or fairy folk1 :o might und]take ! v>i\s processes /&+ at a l>ge-siz$ toad-/ool4 ,b ) ! /]n reality ( w> ^u u1 will+ fem99e f+]s h _h to be tra9$ to h&le ^! l5ses1 ! smalle/ ( :i*1 :5 rang$ 9 trays1 resemble a collection ( dewdrops1 & ! l>ge/ ( :i* w\ld easily fill ! port-hole ( an ocean-l9]4 ,optical glass :5 x comes into ! work%op has ! appe>ance ( small blocks ( r\gh ice ( a greyi% hue4 ,^! blocks are r\ghly slic$ & cut into %ape by a rotat+ metal disk *>g$ ) diamond du/4 ,! prisms & l5ses 9 _! initial /age are !n h&$ on to wom51 :o complete ! "w on _! surfaces4 ,ea* process has its p>ticul> lure = ! int]e/$ visitor4 ,y may wat* ! slices ( glass be+ %ap$ into prisms by h&work aga9/ ! tool2 y may foll[ ^! embryo prisms ?r\gh ! v>i\s processes ( smoo?+ & poli%+ until a small magnify+ prism is obta9$ = use 9 a magnetic compass1 or until a l>ge prism is complet$ suitable = a subm>9e p]iscope4 ,y may foll[ ! creation ( a l5s f ! r\gh+ & gr9d+ ( ! glass slices ) em]y1 or c>borundum1 until ! approximate %ape is giv51 or y may foll[ a lat] process ( /ick+ ! small] l5ses on to pit*1 s t !y may =m a s+le surface = smoo?+ & poli%+4 ,aga91 y may wat* ! sup]latively difficult op]ation ( c5tr+ a l5s4 ,?is task is necess>y to ensure ! poli%$ surfaces ( ! l5s runn+ p]fectly true & x requires a skill$ t\* & a tra9$ eye to und]take x satisfactorily4 ,9 a %op 9 a c]ta9 optical munitions factory ,i met ! fir/ woman :o work$ a c5tr+ ma*9e 9 t area4 ,%e 0 =m]ly a h\semaid1 & told me t1 at fir/1 all ! m5 _h disc\rag$ h] f ! job & _h said x 0 'impossible = a woman to d su* "w'4 ,b %e '/uck x'--s %e said--& 9 a few weeks1 to h] own surprise & ! m5's dismay1 ?is peculi>ly skill$ job became famili> to h]4 ',n[ ,i feel ,i am do+ some?+1' %e said 9 triumph4 ,?is s5tim5t 0 e*o$ by ano!r work] 9 t factory :o 0 accompli%+ ! surpris+ task ( '*amf]+'1 or putt+ a t9y bevel onto ! edge ( a l5s4 ,! l>ge l5ses measure only #b in*es 9 diamet]2 ! small] ones are ab\t ! size ( a ?reep5ny bit1 & e op]ation1 :e!r gr9d+1 true+1 smoo?+1 poli%+1 or c5tr+1 mu/ be accompli%$ ) ! utmo/ c>e4 ,ev5 ! f9al process 9 ! manufacture ( ! l5s or prism1 'wip+ (f'1 is fraught ) responsibility to ! op]ator4 ',wip+ (f1' or clean+ ! l5s1 c only be done ) a silk5 du/]1 = ! f9i%$ glass1 l a da9ty lady1 w tol]ate ! t\* ( no?+ co>se4 ,9 cases :]e ! glass is graticulat$1 or m>k$ ) f9e l9es = measurem5t purposes1 ! task ( 'wip+ (f' is ( extraord9>y difficulty2 9 ! op9ion ( at lea/ "o =eman ) :om ,i h discuss$ ?is "q1 ! op]ation is only p]fectly successful :5 p]=m$ by a girl's f+]s4 ,x is ( supreme importance t no speck ( dirt or h9t ( grease f a f+]-m>k be left on ! glass :5 f9ally adju/$1 or ! in/rum5t w\ld become a s\rce ( dang] to ! us]4 ,no wond] t ! feel+ ( ! optical in/rum5t work%op expresses itself 9 ! words3 ',cleanl9ess is m ?an godl9ess at ?is job4' ,! complet$ glass at l5g? rea*es ! /age :]e x is set 9 its in/rum5t1 be x p]iscope1 dial-sight1 telescope1 & s on4 ,al?\gh ! mo/ exact measurem5ts h be5 obs]v$ bo? 9 ! metal "p & on ! glass1 small adju/m5ts are necess>y2 = ! fit mu/ be s p]fect t ev5 if ! metal case suff]s %ell-%ock1 ! glass mu/ /ill n rattle4 ,b x is ! metal alone :i* is submitt$ to alt]ation1 & x is wond]ful h[ wom5 h be5 able to obta9 suffici5t dext]ity to make ^! inf9itesimal *anges 9 ! metal p>ts4 ,"o c see a m]e girl und]tak+ su* a task by giv+ ! metal ?ree or f\r delicate /rokes f a file s f9e t x w\ld n hurt a baby's sk94 ,meantime1 ! l5s or prism is f9ally exam9$ 7also by wom57 = size1 scrat*es1 & o!r imp]fections1 & is !n re-clean$4 ,girls & wom5 take a full %>e 9 ! production ( ! metal p>ts = ! optical in/rum5ts & also assemble1 or collect ! p>ts1 = ! adju/m5t ( ! glass1 b s f> !y d n g5]ally adju/ or te/ ! complet$ in/rum5t4 ,! op]ations us$ 9 ! production ( optical in/rum5ts = w> purposes are1 ( c\rse1 simil> to ^? requir$ 9 ! manufacture ( implem5ts us$ 9 peace-"t1 su* z op]a-glasses1 telescopes1 microscopes1 survey+ in/rum5ts1 photographic & c9ematograph app>atus1 c41 & x is expect$ t wom5 :o h ent]$ ! new w>-"t indu/ry w happily f9d !mselves1 :5 peace dawns1 9 possession ( a p]man5t means ( livelihood 9 a skill$ occupation4 ,9 ! ,%ipy>ds ',%ips1 %ips1 & /ill %ips'3 su* is ! ma9 ne$ ( ! ,allies 9 ?is1 ! f\r? ye> ( ! w>4 ,to answ] ?is dem&1 e docky>d 9 ! c\ntry is work+ at ! highe/ pressure4 ,into ?is "w1 /range z x may seem to ^? famili> ) ! r\gh-&-tumble life ( a %ipy>d1 wom5 h p5etrat$ & h s f> surm\nt$ all ob/acles 9 ! tasks to :i* !y h be5 allocat$4 ,at fir/1 dilution 9 %ipy>ds 0 look$ ^u z a haz>d\s exp]im5t4 ,! "w is mo/ly heavy & clumsy1 & ! type ( m5 und]tak+ x1 spl5did fell[s en\gh 9 _! physique & g5]al outlook1 are ma9ly accu/om$ to deal+s ) ! boi/]\s elem5ts & ) m5 comrades ( _! own patt]n4 ,_! attitude t[>ds wom51 x 0 fe>$1 w\ld make = tr\ble imm$iately t ! o!r sex 0 introduc$ z fell[-work]s4 ,ev5 ! mo/ optimi/ic among/ %ipbuild]s 7 agha/ at ! idea ( wom5 work+ %\ld] to %\ld] ) m5 on bo>d %ip4 ,yet "h & !re a pione] employ] has aris51 & ! exp]im5t has be5 tri$4 ,x is succe$+ unque/ionably4 ,i h be5 into ! %ipy>ds & se5 ! amaz+ sight & am conv9c$ ( its exp$i5cy1 at all ev5ts z a w>-"t measure4 ,special c>e mu/1 ( c\rse1 be tak5 9 ! plann+ & ! sup]vision ( wom5's "w on bo>d %ip1 b giv5 ! "r type ( inspectress1 *>ge h&1 & work]s1 !re is no reason :y wom5 %\ld n1 9 increas+ numb]s1 fill ! gaps 9 ! %ipy>ds1 z 9 ! factories4 ,! wom5 *os5 to und]take su* tasks are well aw>e ( ! s]vice !y are r5d]+ to ! nation at ?is juncture1 & to ! wom5 work]s ! fir/ day on bo>d %ip is "o ( supreme happ9ess4 ',!y are s excit$ :5 !y actually get on bo>d1' said a docky>d inspectress to me rec5tly 't !y =get all ab\t ! difficulties & objections to ! "w4' ,x is well t ?is is s1 = x is n too easy = ! novice to move ab\t bel[1 ev5 on a big battle%ip4 ,i 0 tak5 ov] "o :]e ! wom5 7 work+4 ,x 0 9 a big y>d cramm$ ) %ipp+ ( e k9d--s full t "o c\ld e*o ! words ( ! old ,elizabe?an1 :o said ( a cr[d3 ',!re 0 n room = a snail to put out its horns4' ,a /iff breeze 0 bl[+1 & ! sea beyond ran full & blue4 ,! great battle%ip along ! dock lay s]5e & /ately1 be>+1 z x 71 ) grim hum\r ! m$dlesome tapp+s & *ipp+s ( imp]t95t human be+s1 :o presum$ to furbi% h] up4 ,!re 7 m5 on ! conn+-t[]1 busy ) pa9t-pots1 & !re 0 a tangle ( ropes & pots on ! upp] decks :]e ! guns 7 bid+ _! "t4 ,m5 7 call+ lu/ily to ea* o!r1 & 7 d>t+ "h & !re z brisk & :olesome z ! breeze4 ',we g d[n "h1' said ! inspectress1 po9t+ to a ladd] z /eep z ! side ( a h\se4 ,%e b\nd$ d[n ) ! ease ( an antelope4 ,ano!r ladd]1 & yet ano!r4 ,! inspectress seem$ to h =gott5 _! /eep incl9e & ,i 0 left1 a helpless l&lubb]1 cauti\sly desc5d+ /ep by /ep4 ,:5 ,i jo9$ h] 9 ! eng9e-room %e 0 already deep 9 conv]sation ) "o ( h] /aff4 ,& !n ,i notic$ ! secret aid to h] agility4 ,all ! wom5 abo>d %ip 7 dress$ 9 tr\s] suits4 ,! suits1 ( blue drill = ! sup]visors1 & ( a simil> mat]ial 9 br[n = ! lab\r]s1 7 made ) a %ort tunic1 & ! tr\s]s 7 buckl$ securely at ! ankle4 ,a tight-fitt+ cap to mat* complet$ ! sm>t workmanlike co/ume :i* p]mits ( p]fect fre$om ( movem5t 9 conf9$ places4 ,)\t su* a co/ume x w\ld be h>dly possible = wom5 to "w on bo>d4 ,! wom5 work]s on ?is p>ticul> battle%ip 7 engag$ 9 r5ew+ electric wires & fitt+s1 a job :i* requires a good deal ( c>e & accuracy4 ,on ! l[] deck1 !y 7 fitt+ up new cables & 7 p]*$ 9 high places1 "h 'sweat+ 9' a di/ribution box1 !re m>k+ (f ! position = ! wires4 ,o!rs 7 drill+ holes1 o!rs aga9 7 'tapp+'1 or mak+ a ?read 9 ! holes4 ,9 ! eng9e-room ! wom5 7 busy /ripp+ worn-out electric wir+ & 7 work+ by ! light ( tall c&les1 z m]ry z a p>ty prep>+ a ,*ri/mas tree4 ,ev]y:]e ! wom5 7 work+ 9 pairs1 an arrangem5t f\nd especially advisable on bo>d4 ,beh9d a small iron door we f\nd "o c\ple work+ on a fire-control 9 a nook :]e ! entrance ( a s+le visitor caus$ bad ov]cr[d+4 ',^! are my mice'1 said ! inspectress2 '!y always get away into ! cupbo>d-jobs1 & v well !y "w !re too4 ,b we h to ma9ta9 a /rict discipl9e on bo>d1 f> /rict] ?an any?+ kn[n 9 ! factories4' ,no talk+1 ,i 0 in=m$1 is all[$ 9 t docky>d1 dur+ ! work+ h\rs on bo>d1 betwe5 ! sailors or m5 lab\r]s & ! wom5 & !re is con/ant sup]vision ( ! wom5 employ$4 ,^! "w on bo>d 9 p>ties ( #bj-bb1 ea* p>ty be+ "u ! c>e ( a *>ge h&4 ,:5 ! /aff includ$ ?ree *>ge h&s = sup]vision on bo>d1 an inspectress 0 appo9t$ = ?is special bran* ( ! "w4 ,! sy/em seems to "w well1 & ,i notic$ h[ ! m5 & wom5 _h evid5tly accept$ ea* o!r z comrades4 ,com+ into a seclud$ gangway a man-lab\r]1 :o _h f9i%$ 8 job1 0 unconc]n$ly %av+ be=e a squ>e ( mirror1 :ile two or ?ree wom5 j beyond w5t on1 j z unconc]n$ly1 tap1 tapp+ at ! electric fitt+s4 ,!re 0 no *aff+1 no 'l>k+'1 betwe5 ! m5 & wom51 b a s5se ( comrade%ip1 su* z "o notices 9 a ,co-education ,s*ool4 ,! wom5 on electric-wir+ receive1 9 t docky>d1 "o mon?'s in/ruction on dummy bulk-heads be=e go+ on bo>d2 _! in/ructors--exp]t m5--accompany !m to ! numb] ( two to e p>ty ( tw5ty or s1 & rema9 ) !m = t5 to twelve mon?s4 ,aft] t1 ! wom5 are able to "w )\t an in/ructor1 & ,i 0 an eyewitness to ?is arrangem5t on a c>go vessel1 :]e electric wir+ 0 also be+ und]tak54 ,besides ! "w on bo>d1 wom5 9 docky>ds are employ$ 9 ! v>i\s eng9e]+ %ops :]e almo/ e description ( con/ruction & repair "w = vessels is und]tak54 ,i h se5 numb]s ( wom5 at "w 9 su* an electrical dep>tm5t1 w9d+ armatures1 mak+ p>ts = fir+-ge>1 poli%+1 or buff+ & repair+ electrical app>atus1 c4 ,! "w 9 su* a repair section is full ( int]e/ & v>iety4 ,f day to day ! op]ators receive consignm5ts ( electrical app>atus damag$ on bo>d by ! elem5ts1 or worse4 ,great dispat* is ne$$1 & ! wom5 "w ) ! utmo/ zeal & effici5cy4 ,i notic$ !m und]tak+ su* v>y+ op]ations z lack]+ gu>ds = lamps & radiator fronts1 repair+ junction & section boxes1 fire-control in/rum5ts1 automatic se>*lights1 c41 & !y 7 turn+ out _! "w1 ! =eman said1 j l m54 ,9 ! con/ructional dep>tm5t1 wom5 are n[ employ$ 9 mak+ bulkhead pieces1 or metal-"w ( v>i\s k9ds1 9 oxy-acetyl5e weld+1 & occasionally 9 ! f\ndry4 ,:5 x is recollect$ t be=e ! w> only eld]ly wom5--! gr&mo!rs--71 g5]ally speak+1 employ$ 9 ! docky>ds1 & ^? only on su* ornam5tal tasks z flag-mak+ or uphol/]y = ya*ts1 x is h>dly cr$ible t ! gr&daught]s are n[ work+ successfully on intricate processes & ev5 at jobs :]e physical /r5g? is a qualification4 ',we c h>dly believe our eyes1' said a =eman rec5tly1 ':5 we see ! heavy /uff br\ght to & f ! %ops 9 motor lorries driv5 by girls4 ,be=e ! w> x 0 all c>t$ by horses & m54 ,! girls d ! job all "r ?\gh1 & ! only ?+ !y ev] compla9 ab\t is t _! toes get cold4' ',!y don't n['1 said a /rapp+ "y woman-driv]1 ov]he>+ ! conv]sation4 ',we've got hot-wat] t9s4' ,!n1 9 a l[ voice1 = my e>s alone1 ',i love my "w1 x's ev] s int]e/+4' ,x is ?is note t "o f9ds above all1 among/ ! wom5 9 ! docky>ds4 ,! _s ( ! sea1 ! almo/ =gott5 h]itage ( an isl& population1 has be5 /irr$ once m1 & ! sight ( ! good %ips 9 h>b\r ?rills ! woman-work]1 z ! man1 ) a s5se ( indep5d5ce1 fre$om1 & love = '?is ,engl&1 444 ?is preci\s /one set 9 ! silv] sea'4 ,no wond] t ,engli%wom5 f9d _! "w 9 ! docky>ds 'ev] s int]e/+'4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cutt+ ,,fray$-,,edg$ ,,tape ,illu/ration3 ,,braz+ ,,turb9e ,,rotor ,,segm5t ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt+ ,,c>ds ,,= ,,dry ,,compasses ,illu/ration3 ,,treadle ,,poli%+-,,ma*9es1 ,,= ,,smoo?+ ,,l5ses ,,*apt] ,v3 ,,com=t ,,& ,,safety ,,welf>e ,,sup]vision--,,protective ,,clo?+--,,re/-,,rooms ,,& ,,fir/ ,,aid--,,wom5 ,,police ,! problems aris+ f ! sudd5 employm5t ( ?\s&s ( wom5 9 ! factories h obvi\sly be5 connect$ n only ) ! te*nical tra9+ ( ! work]s & ) ! adaptation ( ma*9]y to _! physical /r5g?4 ,some?+ _h to be done1 & t )\t delay1 to ensure ! com=t & safety 9 ! work%ops ( ^! new-com]s to indu/rial life4 ,9 ! fir/ great ru% = an increas$ munitions supply1 w> em]g5cy dictat$ ! tempor>y suppression ( ! ,factory ,acts4 ,!re 0 no demur )9 ! factory gates4 ,wom5 work$ )\t hesitation f twelve to f\rte5 h\rs a day1 or a night1 = sev5 days a week1 & ) ! volunt>y sacrifice ( public holidays4 ,_! home conditions 9 a va/ numb] ( cases (f]$ no drop ( consolation4 ,_m ( ^! wom5 7 immigrants f remote corn]s ( ! ,empire1 or f f>away t[ns & villages ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 ,h\s+ accommodation 9 cr[d$ indu/rial areas1 or 9 a ?9ly populat$ c\ntryside1 0 /ra9$ to break+-po9t4 ,undaunt$1 ^! work]s--_m ( :om _h previ\sly l$ an entirely %elt]$ life--rose be=e dawn to travel long di/ances to ! factory1 & return$ to take alt]native possession ) a night-%ift work] ( a "p %>e ( a b$room4 ,! %ameful conditions to :i* ! factory *ildr5 7 subject$ at ! p]iod ( ! ,indu/rial ,revolution seem$ ab\t to return4 ,welf>e ,sup]vision ,su* a /ate ( ?+s c\ld n be tol]at$1 & ,mr4 ,lloyd ,george1 !n ,m9i/] ( ,munitions1 grasp$ ! situation4 ',! work]s ( to-day'1 he said1 'are ! mo!rs ( to-morr[4 ,9 a w> ( work%ops ! wom5 ( ,brita9 7 ne$$ to save ,brita92 x 0 = ,brita9 to protect !m4' ,measures 7 imm$iately adopt$ to improve ! conditions ( ! work]s 9 ! factory4 ,a ,dep>tm5tal ,committee 0 appo9t$ to consid] all que/ions relat+ to ! heal? ( munition work]s1 & at ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions1 on _! recomm5dation1 a ,welf>e & ,heal? ,dep>tm5t 0 e/abli%$1 *>g$ ) 'secur+ a high /&>d ( conditions = all work]s 9 munitions factories & m especially = ! wom5 & juv5ile employees'4 ,s9ce !n1 /ep by /ep ! ma*9]y is be+ set 9 motion = improv+ ! conditions ( life ( munition work]s4 ,yet ,welf>e "w 9 ! factory is no new ?+ 9 ,engl&4 ,9 pre-w> days x _h n1 x is true1 rea*$ z widespread a developm5t z 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b z long ago z #agib x 0 9 practice 9 ?is c\ntry "u ano!r "n4 ,x is record$ ( t p]iod ( "o ,david ,dale1 ^: factory 0 a model to 8 contempor>ies1 t he 'gave 8 money by %ovelfuls to 8 employees' to f9d t ',god %ovell$ x back aga94' ,f ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 sporadic attempts 7 successfully made to improve ! conditions ( ! factory work]s ov] & above ! requirem5ts ( legislation1 & be=e #aiad a numb] ( enlight5$ factory own]s _h won r5[n by ! practice ( ,welf>e "w )9 _! prec9cts4 ,! seal ( (ficial sanction has1 h[ev]1 only be5 ga9$ s9ce ! w>1 ?r\gh ! influx ( wom5 into munitions trades4#a ,! ,heal? ( ,munitions ,work]s ,committee has1 s9ce its inception1 inve/igat$ at factory aft] factory su* que/ions z ! employm5t ( wom51 h\rs ( lab\r1 ,sunday lab\r1 juv5ile employm5t1 indu/rial fatigue1 cante5 equipm5t1 ! diet>y ( work]s4 ,x has publi%$ its conclusions 9 memor&a1 /ripp$ b>e ( (ficialism1 s z to reveal ) frankness facts acquir$ by sci5ti/s 9 t\* ) reality4 ,work+ 9 connexion ) ?is ,committee is ! ,welf>e & ,heal? ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions4 ,x foll[s closely ! sugge/ions ( ! exp]ts1 its ,welf>e (fic]s mov+ up & d[n ! c\ntry1 n[ (f]+ a sugge/ion to ! managem5t ( a factory1 & aga91 assimilat+ "s practical exp]im5t 9 ,welf>e "w1 orig9at$ by a progressive factory-directorate4 ,?us1 a pool+ ( ideas is be+ effect$1 & isolat$ exp]im5ts ( value are n[ be+ propagat$ ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,b possibly "o ( ! mo/ valuable tasks ( ! ,welf>e & ,heal? ,dep>tm5t is ! selection & tra9+ ( c&idates = ! "w ( ,welf>e ,sup]vision 9 ! factories4 ,a panel ( approv$ c&idates is kept 9 read9ess1 s t a busy factory-manag] may h at h& a *oice ( ,welf>e work]s :o w1 if necess>y1 und]take ! entire sup]vision ( ! p]sonal int]e/s ( 8 female1 or juv5ile /aff4 ,^! (fic]s1 aft] engagem5t by ! factory managem5t1 are responsible solely to ! firms t employ !m & n to ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions4 ,9 e/abli%m5ts :]e ,t4,n4,t4 7,tri-nitro-tolu5e7 is h&l$1 ! pres5ce ( a lady ,welf>e ,sup]visor is compulsory2 9 all ,national factories su* an (fic] is recogniz$ z a necess>y "p ( ! /aff2 & 9 ,controll$ ,e/abli%m5ts1 :]e a numb] ( female op]ators are employ$1 ! managem5t is (ficially enc\rag$ to make su* an appo9tm5t4 ,9 _m cases1 eng9e]+ %ops are = ! fir/ "t employ+ female op]ators1 & ! managem5t depute ) relief all que/ions z to ! p]sonal requirem5ts ( ! 'new lab\r' to ! lady sup]9t5d5t2 9 o!r in/ances1 su* matt]s z ! engagem5t ( ! employees1 cante5 arrangem5ts1 & s on1 are plac$ 9 ! h&s ( o!r (ficials4 ,h5ce1 ! duties ( ! lady ,welf>e ,sup]visor diff] f factory to factory4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! sup]visor1 or lady sup]9t5d5t )9 ! factory is made responsible = "s1 or all1 ( ! foll[+ matt]s3 #a4 ,%e aids1 or is entirely responsible =1 ! selection ( wom51 girls1 & boys = employm5t4 #b4 ,! g5]al behavi\r ( ! wom5 & girls inside ! factory falls "u h] purview4 #c4 ,! transf] ( a woman employee f "o process to ano!r is sugge/$ by ! ,welf>e ,sup]visor :]e heal? consid]ations make su* an alt]ation advisable4 #d4 ,%e is consult$ on g5]al gr\nds ) reg>d to ! dismissal ( wom5 & girls4 #e4 ,factory conditions come "u h] obs]vation1 & reports are made1 :5 necess>y1 to ! managem5t1 on ! cleanl9ess1 v5tilation1 or w>m? ( ! e/abli%m5t4 #f4 ,! necessity ( ! provision ( seats is sugge/$1 :]e ?is is possible4 #g4 ,9 l>ge factories1 :]e ! cante5 is "u sep>ate managem5t1 ! ,welf>e ,sup]visor reports z to :e!r ! necess>y facilities are available = ! wom5 employees4 ,9 small] factories1 ! ,welf>e ,sup]visor may be call$ ^u to manage ! cante54 #h4 ,:ile n responsible1 except 9 small factories1 = actual att5tion to accid5ts1 ! ,welf>e ,sup]visor works 9 close t\* ) ! factory doctors & nurses4 ,%e also helps 9 ! selection ( ! nurses1 & %\ld see t _! "w is c>ri$ out promptly4 ,%e sup]vises ! keep+ ( all records ( accid5ts & illness 9 ! ambulance room1 & ( all mat]nity cases not$ 9 ! factory4 ,%e keeps 9 t\* ) all cases ( s]i\s accid5t or illness & ) ! ,comp5sation ,dep>tm5t inside ! works4 #i4 ,%e sup]vises cloak-rooms & selects ! /aff ( att5dants necess>y = ^!4 #aj4 ,! protective clo?+ suppli$ to ! wom5 at "w comes "u h] sup]vision4 ,9 l>ge e/abli%m5ts :]e ! female & juv5ile /aff is c\nt$ by ! ?\s&1 ^! multif>i\s duties are necess>ily divid$ among _m individuals1 & ! ,welf>e "w )9 ! factory 7,intra-mural ,welf>e1 z x is n[ t]m$7 develops into a ,dep>tm5t4 ,a typical example ( su* an evolution may be se5 at ! ,royal ,ars5al1 ,woolwi*4 ,9 pre-w> days1 ! female /aff numb]$ #abe2 to-day "s #be1jjj wom5 are !re at "w4 ,! ,welf>e sup]vision is happily 9 *>ge ( a sup]-woman4 ,9 addition to h] manifold duties %e has tra9$ a /aff ( assi/ants :o1 l h]self1 sp>e no ef=t to promote ! heal? & happ9ess ( ^? "u _! c>e4 ,i h /ood _m an h\r 9 ?is sup]-woman's (fice & wat*$ h]1 surr\nd$ by a ?rong ( work]s1 fitt+ new-com]s into vacancies1 li/5+ to reasons f o!rs = a desir$ transf]5ce1 or advis+ z to "w1 or meals1 heal?1 or recreation4 ,no girl 0 refus$ a he>+1 h[ev] trivial ! difficulty1 & a grievance z to ! col\r ( a factory cap 0 discuss$ ) z mu* att5tion ) "o employee z ! causes ( a '%op' disagreem5t 0 ) ano!r compla9ant4 ,i h accompani$ h] on visits ?r\gh ! works 7! entire t\r w\ld take almo/ a week to accompli%71 & h not$ ! diplomacy ) :i* a sugge/$ improvem5t 9 v5tilation1 or a ne$$ cloak-room alt]ation1 0 discuss$ ) ! (ficial 9 *>ge1 & c>ri$ ?r\gh4 ,i h se5 ! faces ( r[s ( work]s light up z ?is mod]n ,flor5ce ,night+ale pass$ ?r\gh _! %op1 & h walk$ ?r\gh ! ,dang] ,zone amaz$ at ! arrangem5ts = ! protection ( ! work]4 ,:at is true ( ! life 9 su* l>ge conc]ns z ,woolwi* ,ars5al1 or ,8 ,maje/y's ,factory1 ,gretna1 is typical on a l>ge scale ( ! developm5t ( ,welf>e "w 9 _m a munitions factory ?r\gh\t ! k+dom4 ,protective clo?+ has be5 univ]sally adopt$1 ambulance-rooms & re/-rooms h be5 op5$1 cloak-room accommodation improv$1 cante5s e/abli%$1 sane recreation enc\rag$1 & ! protection ( a wom5-police s]vice introduc$4 ,9 %ort1 an atmosph]e is be+ introduc$ by :i* ! old-"t b>ri] betwe5 employ] & employ$ is be+ help$ to disappe>4 ,protective ,clo?+ ,s mu* has be5 accompli%$ s9ce ! adv5t ( wom5 9 ! munitions factories ) reg>d to protective clo?+ = ! work] t ! subject might well fill a *apt] to itself4 ,a sep>ate ,dep>tm5t 9 ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions n[ conc]ns itself solely ) its supply1 & is cont9ually exp]im5t+ ) improvem5ts 9 aprons1 gloves1 boots1 caps1 & tunics4 ,cotton ov]alls are n[ g5]ally worn by ! wom5 employees & mu* ?\ght has be5 giv5 to ! production ( ^! g>m5ts 9 suitable mat]ials & design4 ,!y are made ) firmly /it*$ belts & ) inset pockets1 s z to av]t accid5ts by contact ( loose ends 9 ! ma*9]y1 & are m (t5 9 ! popul> %ades ( khaki1 or br[n1 ) sc>let fac+s1 or d>k blue fac$ ) crimson4 ,b !re is no set rule ei!r z to col\r1 or design1 s long z ! pr9ciple ( protection is foll[$4 ,caps1 :i* at fir/ 7 mu* dislik$ by ! work]s1 h at l5g? f\nd g5]al fav\r1 n1 x is true1 by reason ( ! immunity !y (f] aga9/ accid5t1 b because !y h be5 fa%ion$ s z to add '*ic' to ! we>]4 ,!y are usually ( ! ',mob1' or ',dut*' v>iety1 & mat* ! ov]all 9 col\r & texture2 !y are all design$ s t !re is no pressure r\nd ! head4 ,sometimes1 ! cap ( safety has be5 skilfully us$ z a m>k ( di/9ction1 & "o may see1 9 a %op /aff$ by wom51 ! op]ators at ! ma*9es 9 khaki headge>1 ! sett]s-up ( ma*9es 9 sc>let caps1 & ! ov]look]s or inspectors ( ! product 9 bright blue head-dress4 ,= wet & du/y "w !re are tr\s] suits 9 cotton1 wooll51 or mack9to%1 or tunic suits ) knee bree*es & legg+s1 or gait]s4 ,mack9to% coats are also provid$ = outdoor "w 9 %ipy>ds1 or = truck+ & lorry+1 or = ov]head crane-"w )9 ! factory4 ,acid-pro( & oil-pro( aprons are n[ furni%$ = c]ta9 op]ations1 & = o!r processes specially prep>$ gloves are suppli$4 ,! v>ieties 9 work%op gloves are n[ v great2 !y are made 9 su* mat]ials z india-rubb]1 canvas1 or lea!r1 or a union ( ^! ?ree1 or 9 teon-fac$ canvas or teon-fac$ lea!r4 ,"s are cuffless2 o!rs1 = "w 9 acids1 h turn$-up cuffs1 & o!rs aga9 are gauntlets rea*+ ! elb[4 ,9 e case1 ! process = :i* !y are provid$ is m9utely /udi$1 & ! fa%ion adopt$ is dictat$ by utility4 ,footge> has also receiv$ a consid]able am\nt ( att5tion1 & !re are n[ available ,well+ton boots1 or half-,well+tons1 = outdoor "w1 or wood5 clogs = processes 9 ! %ops :]e ! floor+ is apt to become p]si/5tly wet4 ,b1 possibly1 factory fa%ions receive mo/ c>e :5 design$ = we>]s 9 ,fill+ %ops4 ,= ^!1 suits 9 wool la/+-clo? are f\nd satisfactory1 ! mo/ popul> & sm>te/ be+ 9 cream-col\r1 fac$ ) sc>let4 ,fire-pro($ blue s]ge ov]alls & asbe/os coats ) caps ( ! same mat]ial are also employ$ 9 c]ta9 ( ^! factories4 ,= "w 9 ! ,dang] ,zone no metal fa/5]s are p]missible1 & ! coat1 or ov]all1 is cut s z to protect ! neck & ?roat f contact ) ! p[d] us$ 9 ! process4 ,boots & %oes = ?is type ( "w are also specially design$4 ,no iron mu/ ent] into _! composition1 ! soles be+ ei!r ma*9e-sewn1 or rivet$ ) brass4 ,sometimes1 clo? & india-rubb] ov]-%oes are ! *os5 footwe> ( ! ,dang] ,zone1 & 9 ?is case ! fa/5]s mu/ also be free f iron4 ,^! precautions are no m]e fad1 b ess5tial safegu>ds :]e friction betwe5 a fragm5t ( iron & a combu/ible p[d] might lead to an explosion4 ,respirators1 & 9 "s cases veils1 are also ne$ful accessories ( ! ,fill+ factory1 & ^! too are provid$ = ! work]s4 ,a complete factory uni=m has ?us evolv$ s9ce ! w>3 x is a model ( suitable clo?+ = indu/rial "w4 ,aris+ f )9 ! work%ops to meet ess5tial ne$s1 ^! fa%ions are n only free f vulg>ity1 or ecc5tricity1 b h a di/9ct beauty ( _! own4 ,x is unlikely t wom51 once accu/om$ to ! com=t & cleanl9ess ( su* g>m5ts1 w desire to return to ! discr$it$ habit ( t>ni%$ f9]y worn at "w4 ,re/-,rooms & ,fir/ ,aid ,ambulance & ,fir/-,aid "w )9 ! factory 0 n unusual ev5 9 pre-w> days4 ,s9ce ! developm5t ( munitions production x has become almo/ a commonplace1 & f ,decemb] #a1 #aiag1 its provision has be5 obligatory 9 bla/ furnaces1 f\ndries1 copp]-mills1 iron-mills1 & metal works4 ,:]e ,t4,n4,t4 is h&l$1 ! employm5t ( at lea/ "o :ole-"t m$ical (fic] is compulsory1 if ! employees numb] #b1jjj1 &1 if 9 excess ( t figure1 at lea/ "o additional m$ical (fic] mu/ be employ$4 ,! pr(essional "w ( ^! doctors is sup]vis$ by ! m$ical (fic]s ( ! ,welf>e & ,heal? ,dep>tm5t1 :o also 9 a simil> way sup]vise ! safety ( work]s employ$ ^u ! manufacture ( le?al gases4 ,! extra exp5se involv$ 9 ! provision ( su* safegu>ds is by no means unproductive4 ,9 "o factory1 = example1 x has be5 e/imat$ t #b1ejj h\rs 7 sav$ 9 a s+le week by prompt att5tion to m9or ailm5ts2 9 ano!r factory1 :]e ! firm meets all small] claims = ,workm5's ,comp5sation1 x 0 f\nd t 9 a p]iod ( eighte5 mon?s foll[+ ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,fir/-,aid organization1 a cr$it balance ( ne>ly ,l#ejj accru$ to ! managem5t aft] all exp5ses connect$ ) ! factory doctor & ! nurses _h be5 defray$4 ,tribute %\ld be paid to ! m$ical /aff = _! %>e 9 ! triumph ( ,fir/-,aid "w )9 ! munitions factory1 = )\t _! extraord9>y devotion ! record ( misadv5ture w\ld und\bt$ly be high]4 ,"o he>s f "t to "t h[1 9 a tempor>y breakd[n ( su* a /aff1 a s+le work] w hold ! =t4 ,a typical case is record$ 9 ! press z ,i write4 ,x tells ( a "y nurse :o work$ %ifts ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs at a /ret*1 = a =tnight1 dur+ ! abs5ce ( h] colleagues4 ,! developm5t ( ! factory re/-room & cloak-room has also be5 a m>k$ feature 9 ! munitions factories :]e wom5 are employ$4 ,=m]ly1 x 0 usual to see ! wom5 work]s' outdoor g>m5ts hung r\nd ! work%op walls2 to-day1 9 numb]s ( munitions works1 ! wom5's cloak-rooms are provid$ ) cupbo>ds :]e hot pipes dry wet boots & clo?+1 :]e ea* girl has h] own lock] ) lock & key1 & :]e ! maximum ( wa%-h& bas9s suppli$ ) hot & cold wat] are set up4 ,9 ,t4,n4,t4 work%ops compulsory wa%+ facilities are ev5 m elaborate4 ,ba?-rooms are available1 z well z a g5]\s supply ( t[els1 & face o9tm5t1 or p[d]1 are suppli$ z prev5tatives to any ill effects f h&l+ explosives4 ,inside ! work%ops ! _s ( re=m is equally app>5t2 seats are provid$ :]e possible1 & lift+-tackle1 or slid+ bo>ds1 are introduc$ to m9imize /ra9 :5 deal+ ) heavy weights4 ,sometimes1 "o he>s h[ su* improvem5ts1 sugge/$ = ! wom5 employees1 are ext5d$ to ! m54 ,at a c]ta9 eng9e]+ works1 = example1 :]e 9 pre-w> days wom5 _h nev] be5 employ$1 x 0 sugge/$ by a ,gov]nm5t (ficial t seats %\ld be suppli$ = ! wom54 ,! managem5t look$ askance4 ,x w\ld be 'su* a bad example to ! appr5tices'1 x 0 said4 ,! po9t 01 h[ev]1 press$1 & aft] a %ort "t ! sugge/ion mat]ializ$4 ,! manag] !n /at$1 ) surpris$ satisfaction1 t ! seats 'seem$ to r5ew p'1 & he _h accord+ly ext5d$ ! improvem5t to ! m54 ,wom5 ,police ,"o ( ! mo/ rec5t developm5ts 9 ! protection ( wom5 9 ! factories is ! employm5t ( wom5 police4 ,9 ! summ] ( #aiaf1 :5 x 0 f\nd necess>y to obta9 fur!r control & sup]vision ( ! wom5 employees 9 munitions works1 ,sir ,edw>d ,h5ry1 ! ,*ief ,commission] ( ,police1 recomm5d$ t ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions %\ld apply to ! ,wom5 ,police ,s]vice = a supply ( tra9$ wom5 police4 ,?is reque/ has n[ creat$ an ext5sive developm5t ( su* "w1 & to-day wom5 police are und]tak+ num]\s duties 9 munitions works4 ,!y *eck ! entry ( wom5 into ! factory2 exam9e passports2 se>* = su* contrab& z mat*es1 cig>ettes1 & alcohol2 deal ) compla9ts ( petty (f5ces2 assi/ ! magi/rates at ! police c\rt1 & patrol ! neighb\rhood ( ! factory ) a view to ! protection ( ! wom5 employ$4 ,z _m ( ! works h be5 erect$ 9 lonely places1 & z ! %ifts are work$ by night z well z by day1 x c easily be imag9$ :at a safegu>d to ! "y employee is ! pres5ce ( ^! female gu>dians ( ! peace4 ,ev5 )9 ! prec9cts ( ! factory1 ! security assur$ by ! patroll+ police-wom5 is ( great importance1 s9ce _m ( ! factories are built on isolat$ plots ext5d+ p]haps six miles f b>ri] to b>ri]1 & )9 ^! b\nd>ies wom5 are (t5 employ$ 9 isolat$ huts1 %\ld !y be engag$ on ! production ( explosives4 ,! prev5tive "w ( ! wom5 police is1 9 ^! areas1 incalculable4 ,9 su* ways1 ,welf>e "w has tak5 root 9 ! factories ( ,brita91 & 9 ! words ( ,mr4 ,lloyd ,george1 'x is a /range irony1 b no small comp5sation1 t ! mak+ ( weapons ( de/ruction %\ld af=d ! occasion to humanize indu/ry4 ,yet su* is ! case4' ,illu/ration3 ,,slitt+ ,,& ,,r\gh+ ,,optical ,,glass ,illu/ration3 ,,view ,,( ,,cante5 ,,kit*5 ,illu/ration3 ,,weigh+ ,,f]ro ,,*rome ,,= ,,analysis ,,*apt] ,,vi3 ,,outside ,,welf>e ,,recreation--,,mo!rhood--,,! ,,factory ,,nurs]y ,recreation ,! gift 9 ! e>ly days ( munitions developm5t ( sev]al ?\s&s ( p\nds f an ,indian pr9ce1 ! ,mah>ajah ( ,gwalior1 = ! b5efit ( munitions employees1 help$ to focus att5tion f ! outset on _! ne$ful recreation4 ,! necessity = a maximum output1 br++ 9 its tra9 long %ifts1 ov]time1 & a m9imum ( holidays1 at fir/ left scant leisure at ! munition girl's disposal1 yet x 0 at once app>5t t "s ef=t mu/ be made to r5d] t leisure heal?ful & invigorat+4 ,z soon z ! ,welf>e ,sup]visors took up _! positions 9 ! factories & came into liv+ t\* ) ! ne$s ( ! wom5 employ$1 reque/s f\nd _! way to ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions = grants = recreation purposes f ! ,mah>ajah's fund4 ,at fir/1 'a piano = ! recreation-room or cante5' 0 ! m g5]al appeal2 =1 /rangely en\gh1 aft] ! long h\rs 9 ! eng9e]+ %ops ! normal munitions girl craves mo/1 n = passive amusem5t1 su* z '! pictures'1 b = free movem5ts ( h] own body4 ,above all1 %e desires to dance1 or to enjoy ! rhy?m ( physical drill1 or1 9 ! summ]1 to swim or dive1 or to *ase a ball 9 "o or o!r ( ! popul> team games4 ,)9 doors1 ! piano provides1 z x 71 a spr+-bo>d f :i* %e c jump into a leisure-"t atmosph]e ( m]rim5t2 x is ! s5d-(f to h] dance1 ! guide to h] song1 & ! backbone to ! joy f\nd 9 ! unit$ action ( physical drill4 ,! piano once provid$ 9 cante51 or recreation-room1 y w f9d ! munition girl foot+ x 9 ! d9n]-h\r1 or tea-int]val1 or 9 any o!r p]iod :5 %e is (f duty4 ,s long z ! tune be bright1 ! m]ry-he>t$ munition-mak] w dance ! old dances1 or ! m complicat$ mod]n /eps1 z h] mood sugge/s4 ,f self-taught danc+1 ! desire = a m p]fect expression 9 movem5t is a natural evolution1 & 9 c]ta9 cases grants f ! ,mah>ajah's fund h defray$ ! fees ( danc+ mi/ress1 or sports in/ructor4 ,sums f ! same s\rce h be5 paid to assi/ ! organization ( a club1 = ! provision ( a recreation-room1 = ! erection ( sw+s & see-saws1 = ! in/allation ( a swimm+-ba?1 = tools & se$s = factory girls' g>d5s1 = dramatic ent]ta9m5ts1 = lectures = ! in/ruction ( appr5tices1 & 9 ,irel&1 = ! enl>gem5t ( s*ools = *ildr5 ( wom5 munition work]s4 ,side by side ) ^! endeav\rs1 o!r ef=ts to promote sane amusem5t = munition mak]s h be5 fructify+4 ,_m an enlight5$ factory employ]1 /udy+ ! problem ( woman-lab\r )9 8 own works1 has come to ! conclusion t 'if wom5 are call$ ^u to "w cont9u\sly1 especially at repetition jobs1 _! pleasure 9 life mu/ be kept alive'4 ,be+ bus9ess m51 !y h soon turn$ ! !ory into practice1 & h enc\rag$1 />t$1 & f9anc$ recreation s*emes = _! own employees4 ,9 ,%effield1 = example1 successful dramatic ent]ta9m5ts h be5 giv51 ! actors & actresses em]g+ f ! eng9e]+ %ops2 ne> ,birm+ham1 a firm has provid$ a c9ema1 an or*e/ra1 & a danc+-room = _! workpeople1 & on ,saturday ev5+s1 free conveyance 9 an omnibus is arrang$ = ^? work]s resid5t 9 outly+ ho/els & m>ri$ qu>t]s4 ,at ,norwi*1 ano!r firm has appo9t$ a woman recreation (fic] to tea* ! girls physical drill1 danc+1 t5nis1 & o!r games4 ,dances & a fancy-dress ball h be5 organiz$ !re1 & 9 ! summ]1 t5nis1 b[ls1 & cricket are play$ 9 a l>ge recreation gr\nd4 ,^! are b a few in/ances1 typical ( ! gr[+ und]/&+ among/ employ]s 9 ?is c\ntry ( ! value ( playtime to a wom5's /aff4 ,outside ! factory o!r ag5cies h be5 at "w1 volunt>ily attempt+ to provide re/ & refre%m5t = ! wom5 ^: sacrifices = ! w> are s great & s pati5tly endur$4 ,su* bodies z ! ,"y ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,association or local ,civic ,associations h op5$ recreation clubs--sometimes = girls only & sometimes 'mix$'--:]e conc]ts1 dramatic ent]ta9m5ts1 & lectures are giv51 & classes 9 useful arts or games are held4 ,wom5 f ! ari/ocracy & work+ wom51 civic au?orities & ! cl]gy1 h jo9$ h&s ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry to help =w>d ?is ef=t = ! physical1 spiritual & intellectual recreation ( ! munitions work]4 ,! v spontaneity & eag]ness ( ! movem5t h naturally l$ "h & !re to ov]lapp+1 & 9 ! spr+ ( #aiag x 0 f\nd advisable to co-ord9ate local /reams ( goodwill & en]gy4 ,a bran* ( ! ,welf>e & ,heal? ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions 0 ?us e/abli%$ to keep 9 t\* ) all ag5cies outside ! factory :i* deal ) s*emes reg>d+ recreation1 sickness1 mat]nity-cases1 cre*es1 h\s+1 & transit facilities4 ,extra-mural ,welf>e (fic]s h s9ce be5 appo9t$ to und]take su* duties 9 v>i\s localities4 ,^! act z liaison (fic]s betwe5 exi/+ associations ( e d5om9ation 9 a giv5 di/rict1 & c5tralize all outside ef=ts = ! protection & relaxation ( ! munition wom5 ( t area4 ,! ,welf>e (fic] at fir/ surveys c>efully ! ne$s ( ! di/rict1 & in/itutes an inquiry z to provisions = _! satisfaction4 ,if necess>y1 a conf]5ce is !n call$ ( individuals & repres5tatives ( local bodies deal+ ) ^! matt]s1 & sub-committees are appo9t$ = ea* "p ( ! "w4 ,:5 ! numb]s ( wom5 work]s are comp>atively small 9 a giv5 area & no adequate provision has be5 made = _! recreation1 a c5tral club is (t5 op5$4 ,9 o!r localities1 exi/+ clubs1 or in/itutions1 are adapt$ to new requirem5ts1 or new ones are add$1 accord+ to local ne$s4 ,:]e night %ifts are work$ 9 ! local factories1 x is usual to arrange ! op5 h\rs ( ! club to suit ! work%op leisure h\rs4 ,?us1 a club may be op5 f #f to #h a4m42 at midday1 = two h\rs1 & aga9 f #d4cj to #i4cj p4m4 ,9 su* cases1 x is (t5 necess>y to employ paid club manag]s1 z well z local volunt>y help4 ,! clubs1 h[ev]1 v>y1 bo? 9 scope & managem5t1 ! g5]al pr9ciple foll[$ by ! ,welf>e (fic] be+ to ensure provision = recreation1 & !n to leave ! adm9i/ration to local ef=t4 ,enc\ragem5t is giv5 by ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions to employ]s ( ,controll$ ,e/abli%m5ts & to ! managem5t ( ,national factories to help =w>d ! movem5t = recreation = _! /affs by all[+ ,treasury grants out ( excess pr(its to be made t[>ds approv$ s*emes4 ,9 _m di/ricts ! grants are 'pool$' = recreation purposes = ! :ole area4 ,recreation = ! munition work] ?us re/s on a secure basis4 ,9 ! w9t] mon?s1 danc+1 physical drill1 !atricals1 games1 & classes are 9 full sw+ 9 ! pr9cipal munitions areas1 & 9 ! summ]1 outdoor sports are enc\rag$1 z well z ! t5d+ ( vegetable plots & fl[] g>d5s4 ,mo!rhood ,a m difficult task fall+ to ! ',outside ,welf>e' (fic] is ! sup]vision ( mat]nity cases aris+ among munition work]s4 ,! all-important "q ( mo!rhood necess>ily crops up 9 ! factories :]e hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( wom5 are 9 daily employm5t4 ,numb]s ( !m are wives ( m5 h>d at "w 9 w> indu/ries at home2 o!rs are w>-wid[s1 & :ile ! illegitimate bir?-rate has n gone up disproportionately 9 munitions areas1 ! unm>ri$ "m1 f "t to "t1 pres5ts a special problem4 ,! c>e ( ! expectant "m necess>ily beg9s )9 ! factory gates4 ,we h s f> no publi%$ conclusions f an au?oritative survey ( ?is "q1 su* z ,dr4 ,bonnaire 7,*ief ,pr(essor ( ,midwif]y at ! ,mat]nity ,hospital1 ,p>is7 has provid$ = ,france1 yet sci5tific inve/igations & exp]im5ts und]tak5 by ! ,heal? ( ,munition ,work]s' ,committee are 9 progress4 ,z f> z possible1 ! wom5 ,welf>e ,sup]visors )9 ! works keep _! managem5t in=m$ ( mat]nity cases z !y are not$1 &1 :]e possible1 ! expectant "m is plac$ on light] "w4 ,no woman kn[n to be 9 t condition is1 aft] a c]ta9 p]iod1 kept on at night "w1 nor is %e all[$ to "w 9 an explosives factory1 nor yet to h&le ,t4,n4,t4 ',we s5d ! girl to ! doctor & we act on 8 advice4 ,if we c keep h]1 we always take h] (f night "w & heavy ma*9es & :]e !re is a good deal ( ex]tion1' is a report typical ( ! proc$ure 9 su* cases 9 _m factories4 ',x is too risky = an expectant "m to /ay on at all1' is a *>act]i/ic op9ion f a ,fill+ ,factory2 & f a high-explosives factory comes ! v]dict t an expectant "m %\ld1 aft] a c]ta9 p]iod1 be dis*>g$ f ! works 9 view ( ! occasional occurr5ce !re ( small explosions4 ,su* mat]nity cases are1 :5 possible1 transf]r$1 ?r\gh local ag5cies1 to light] national "w outside ! factory4 ,! ,factory ,nurs]y ,closely connect$ ) ! safegu>d+ ( mo!rhood is ! case ( ! munition work]s' *ildr5 ( pre-s*ool age4 ,aft] two mon?s' int]val f ! baby's bir?1 _m ( ! mat]nity cases f ! factory return to _! previ\s "w1 & ! infant mu/1 9 ! "m's abs5ce1 be nurs$ by o!rs4 ,a simil> condition applies to ! "w ( o!r mo!rs ^: lab\r is requir$ = munitions production4 ,x sometimes happ5s t 9 a giv5 area ! call to ! munitions factories has be5 answ]$ by practically all ! available wom5 9 ! neighb\rhood ^: home ties are light1 & ! local lab\r res]ve is f\nd among/ ! wom5 ) "o or two "y *ildr54 ,if ^! wom5 are to (f] _! s]vices1 x is ess5tial t _! "y family %\ld n be neglect$4 ,sometimes1 ! mo!rs are able to make _! own arrangem5ts & a 'm9d]'1 ei!r a relative1 or a neighb\r1 is =?com+1 b1 g5]ally speak+1 su* a plan is n satisfactory 9 a locality :]e e active individual is und]tak+ urg5t w> "w4 ,?us has aris5 9 _m di/ricts ! claim t a nurs]y = munition work]s' *ildr5 %\ld be e/abli%$4 ,a local association1 or an individual1 (t5 f9ds x possible to f9ance su* a s*eme2 9 o!r cases1 monet>y aid is requir$ & obta9$ f ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions4 ,9 ! latt] circum/ances1 ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions1 co-op]at+ ) ! ,bo>d ( ,education1 grants #ge p] c5t4 ( ! approv$ exp5diture on ! initial provision & equipm5t ( ! nurs]y1 z well z #g;d4 a day = ea* att5dance ( a *ild1 ! balance ( ! exp5ses be+ met p>tly by fees 7v>y+ f #g;d4 to #as4 a day1 or f #gs4 #f;d4 to #is4 #f;d4 a week7 *>g$ to ! mo!rs1 & p>tly by contributions f ! local orig9ators ( ! s*eme4 ,:]e night %ifts are work$1 ! munition work]s may claim night accommodation = _! *ildr52 arrangem5ts are also made to bo>d ! infants by ! week4 ,9 ! s*emes approv$ by ! ,m9i/ry x has g5]ally be5 f\nd possible to adapt exi/+ build+s1 b :]e no suitable accommodation is available )9 reasonable di/ance ( ! mo!rs' homes a new build+ is erect$4 ,su* a nurs]y has be5 erect$ ne> ,woolwi* & provides a useful model = ?is c\ntry4 ,x is a long l[ build+ ( bungal[ type1 surr\nd$ by a small g>d54 ,! ma9 room1 ! babies' p>l\r1 is a long ap>tm5t enclos$ on two sides by a v]&ah1 & on ! ?ird1 by a wide passage well v5tilat$ at ea* end4 ,! room itself is full ( light & air1 !re is pl5ty ( play room1 & no awkw>d corn]s to inflict bruises unaw>es4 ,a l5g?y crawl br+s a baby-bo>d] into ! sun%9e ( ! v]&ah & ! safe seclusion ( its play-p5s1 & a long] crawl & a hop is rew>d$ by entrance into ! surr\nd+ g>d51 :]e a delectable s&-pit is a p]man5t feature4 ,brightly-col\r$ fl[]s enliv5 ! g>d5 9 spr+ & 9 summ] & attract bird & insect visitors1 companions (t5 m int]e/+ to a two-ye>-old ?an ! mo/ sprightly ( humans4 ,mattresses occupy "p ( ! floor space ( ! nurs]y1 & at night-"t are develop$ into full-fl$g$ b$s4 ,at "o end ( ! room are cupbo>ds let into ! walls1 at ! o!r1 furniture fa%ion$ = ! ne$s ( ea* 'two feet no?+'4 ,!re1 in/ead ( be+ p]*$ on a high *air to fe$ ) giants f an elevat$ table-l&1 ! infant visitor sits on a m9iature arm-*air at a table br\ght to ! level ( *ildhood4 ,! l[ tables are1 9 fact1 kidney-%ap$ & holl[$ on ! inside1 s t a nurse1 or att5dant1 seat$ 9 ! c5tre1 may fe$ half a doz5 *ildr5 9 turn4 ,! toddl]'s d9n] 9 ?is retreat recalls ! fe$+ "t 9 a ne/4 ,a smil+ nurse 9 ! c5tre fe$s1 turn by turn1 h] op5-m\!d *>ges ^: satisfaction is express$ 9 human 'coos'4 ,ano!r room 9 ?is delightful babies' h\se is devot$ to infants3 a brigade 9 cots1 ( :i* ! advance-gu>d1 dur+ f9e wea!r1 invade ! v]&ah4 ,! da9t9ess ( ! room ) its blue curta9s & cot-hang+s & ! *ubby satisfaction ( ! cot-dwell]s mu/ be a con/ant inspiration to ! visit+ work+ mo!rs4 ,spotless kit*5s = ! prep>ation ( ! *ildr5's meals are situat$ 9 ! re> ( ! nurs]ies2 !re is also an isolation room :]e suspect infecti\s cases are deta9$1 & a laundry ) an indefatigable laundress4 ,! ba?+ room1 fitt$ ) mod]n appliances1 is 9 _m respects excell5t4 ,! :ole e/abli%m5t is w>m$ by a c5tral-heat+ in/allation1 ! radiators be+ well protect$ ) gu>ds4 ,x may n always be possible1 ?r\gh lack ( funds1 to reproduce ^! ideal conditions1 b :]e ! accommodation is less & ! gr\nd space m limit$1 e c>e is tak5 t ! factory nurs]y %all h an ample provision ( fre% air4 ,ef=ts are also made to obta9 z mu* local support z possible4 ,9 "s di/ricts1 ! :ole ( ! clo?+ provid$ at ! nurs]y is made by ! little girls f a neighb\r+ ,elem5t>y ,s*ool4 ,at ,acton1 ,middlesex1 = example1 ,i 0 %[n piles ( ! da9tie/ little und]we>1 dim9utive %oes & *>m+ cotton frocks1 all made 9 ! sew+ classes at _! s*ool1 by pupils ( elev5 to ?irte5 ye>s ( age4 ,! boys ( ! local manual s*ools--n to be outdone--contribut$ to ?is nurs]y all ! c>p5try = ! cots = ! eld] babies4 ,^! small b$s1 fa%ion$ out ( hessian clo?1 swung on long broom poles1 ) a wood5 bo>d at head & foot1 seem$ ( a p>ticul>ly economical & practical patt]n4 ,! factory nurs]y is c]ta9ly ga9+ popul>ity z a w>-"t measure2 z a p]man5cy 9 peace times x is recogniz$ t !re are "s objections to its e/abli%m5t4 ,an alt]native s*eme1 ev5 9 ! w> p]iod1 is be+ moot$4 ,! sugge/ion is made t babies %\ld be 'billet$'1 or bo>d$ out 9 ! munitions area among/ wom5 :o are n employ$ outside _! home4 ,sup]vision ( ! baby bo>d]s1 x is ?\ght1 might be und]tak5 by inspectors "u ! ,local ,au?ority4 ,?is s*eme might1 x is true1 l>gely prev5t ! congregation ( _m *ildr5 9 "o nurs]y & ! resultant dang] ( ! spread ( contagi\s infantile disease4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! proposal1 if accept$1 might op5 ! doors to ov]cr[d+ 9 ?ickly populat$ areas & to ! neglect ( ! baby bo>d]1 undetect$ by a local inspectorate1 already ov]/ra9$ by w>-"t conditions4 ,! s*eme is1 h[ev]1 only at ! discussion /age1 z ,i write4 ,9 any case1 ! c>e ( ! munition work]s' *ildr5 is attract+ consid]able public att5tion1 s9ce 9 spite ( ! w>1 or because ( x1 ! importance ( ! heal? & well-be+ ( ! ord9>y individual1 & m especially ( ! "y1 is becom+ "p ( ! cre$ ( ! av]age citiz54 ,,*apt] ,,vii3 ,,gr[? ,,( ,,! ,,indu/rial ,,cante5 ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples--,,! ,,work]',s ,,oasis ',money h>dly c\nts2 x is lab\r we h to consid] n[adays'1 rec5tly rem>k$ ! manag+ director ( a l>ge munitions works4 ,x is ?is new conception t has giv5 impetus to ! developm5t ( ! indu/rial cante51 n[ a feature ( ! munitions factory4 ,9 ! op9ion ( ,mr4 ,john ,hodge1 ,m4,p41 ,m9i/] ( ,p5sions1 :o s9ce ! w> has act$ = a long p]iod z ,m9i/] ( ,lab\r1 cante5s 9 ! eng9e]+ %ops 7 'necess>y f ! />t'1 & "o ( ! e>lie/ inve/igations ( ! ,heal? ( ,munition ,work]s' ,committee 0 on ! subject ( ! provision ( employees' meals4 ,! results ( ! inquiry are embodi$ 9 ?ree valuable ,:ite ,pap]s4#b ,i h s9ce be5 into _m cante5s connect$ ) munitions works1 & s f> ,i h n met a factory manag] :o has regrett$ _! introduction4 ,yet1 only ?ree or f\r ye>s ago1 ! av]age employ] w\ld h told y t a d9n] br\ght by a work] 9 a newspap]1 or ti$ up 9 a r$ h&k]*ief1 /or$ 9 ! works1 heat$ any:]e1 & eat5 ne> ! ma*9es1 0 'q all "r'3 &1 z = ! boys 9 ! factory1 x 0 consid]$ %ameful to 'coddle !m'2 if necess>y1 a factory lad %\ld 'eat 8 d9n] on a clo!s l9e'4 ,to-day1 :5 ! utmo/ ounce ( en]gy is ne$$ f man & woman1 & boy & girl1 :]ev] munitions production is conc]n$1 x is recogniz$ t ! quality & quantity ( ! work]s' food matt]s1 & t ev5 ! surr\nd+s :]e ! meal is p>tak5 ( c\nts 9 ! cons]vation ( ! ess5tial res]ve ( human en]gy & p[] ( w4 ,?us1 ! be/ type ( indu/rial cante5 is design$ n only 'to fe$ ! brute'1 b to re/ 8 m9d4 ,?is is especially ! case 9 c]ta9 ,fill+ ,factories1 :]e immunity f ill-effects f ! h&l+ ( ,t4,n4,t4 has be5 f\nd to dep5d l>gely on ! physical fitness ( ! work]s4 ,9 su* factories1 z well z 9 e/abli%m5ts :]e wom5 are employ$ on night %ifts1 ! provision ( cante5s is obligatory on employ]s &1 inde$1 rec5t legislation 7! ,police1 ,factories1 c4 7,miscellane\s ,provisions7 ,act1 #aiaf7 has emp[]$ ! ,home ,secret>y to require ! occupi]s ( work%ops & factories to make arrangem5ts1 :]e necess>y1 = ! supply ( meals = _! employees4 ,9 ! /ress ( w>f>e1 :5 ! dem& = a maximum output is necess>ily ! pre-occupation ( ! factory manag]1 x 01 h[ev]1 recogniz$ t ! cante5 mu/ be ,/ate-aid$4 ,a ,cante5 ,committee 0 !re=e appo9t$ "u ! ,c5tral ,control ,bo>d 7,liquor ,traffic74 ,! "w ( ?is committee is tw(old3 x aids ! factory managem5t to op5 its own cante5 or cante5s1 & x sup]vises & helps approv$ d9+-rooms manag$ by volunt>y bodies4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 ! exp5se = any necess>y cante5 is entirely borne by ! ,gov]nm5t1 if ! factory is a ',national' "o4 ,9 ,controll$ ,e/abli%m5ts1 ! employ] is all[$ to *>ge ! co/ ( ! cante5 z 'a trade exp5se'1 a concession by :i* ! ,/ate practically be>s ! exp5se out ( funds :i* w\ld o!rwise rea* ! ,ex*equ]4 ,9 ! case ( cante5s provid$ by volunt>y bodies1 su* z ! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association1 ! ,"y ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,association1 ! ,*ur* ,army1 ! ,salvation ,army1 ! ,national ,p's ,palace ,association1 ,ltd41 c41 ! ,bo>d pays half ! capital exp5diture1 :]e approv$4#c ,illu/ration3 ,,balsm+ ,,l5ses ,illu/ration3 ,,mak+ ,,in/rum5t ,,scales ,! ef=ts ( ^! volunt>y bodies h be5 ( ! utmo/ s]vice1 especially at ! outset ( munitions production on a va/ scale1 :5 ! factory proprietors1 or directors1 7 unable to devote ev5 a fraction ( _! "t to matt]s n obvi\sly connect$ ) output4 ,! devotion ( ! unpaid work]s 9 ! volunt>y cante5 has ?r\gh ! turmoil ( w> h>dly receiv$ due recognition1 b x is no less ?an t ( ! nurses 9 ! milit>y hospitals1 or ( ! munitions work]s !mselves4 ,wom5 ( ari/ocratic families1 accu/om$ to p]sonal s]vice f a l>ge /aff ( dome/ic s]vants1 & entirely unus$ to physical lab\r1 z well z wom5 h>d-work$ 9 _! own homes or 9 livelihood occupations1 h1 s9ce ! ne$ ( ! cante5 0 decl>$1 come1 by day & by night1 to und]take ! ardu\s duties ( cook+ & scrubb+ = va/ numb]s ( work+-p4 ,mr4 ,pun*'s delightful illu/ration1 ',w>1 ! ,levell]'1 :]e ! r\gh scull]y-maid f ! slums is depict$ issu+ ! emphatic ord] to ! well-br$ m>*ioness1 ',nah !n1 ,lady ,montgumm]y ,wilb]=ce1 'urry up ) !m plates'1#d is by no means a fancy picture ( ! hi!r side ( cante5-life4 ,9 "o factory1 sub/antial meals h be5 provid$ daily by #ag volunt>y assi/ants = "s #a1bjj work]s2 9 ano!r locality1 ! food ( #b1jjj to #c1jjj munitions employees has be5 arrang$ by #bc volunte]s2 & 9 ano!r e/abli%m5t1 #f1jjj work]s h be5 provid$ ) /&+-up refre%m5ts by #ag volunt>y help]s4 ,! rapid gr[? ( ! cante5 sy/em dur+ ! pa/ fifte5 mon?s1 accompani$ by ! increas+ difficulties ( cat]+ = va/ numb]s "u w>-"t conditions1 has1 h[ev]1 l$ to ! transf]5ce ( numb]s ( volunt>y cante5s to ! c>e ( ! factory managem5t4 ,g5]al ,pr9ciples ,indu/rial cante5s diff] f "o ano!r 9 _m respects1 p>tly because !re 0 at fir/ no fund ( common exp]i5ce 9 ?is c\ntry f :i* to draw1 & p>tly because h\rs ( "w1 ta/es & cu/oms 9 indu/rial areas v>y consid]ably4 ,h5ce1 me?ods ( adm9i/ration & cat]+1 f\nd possible or popul> 9 "o cante51 are sometimes a complete failure :5 tri$ 9 o!r di/ricts4 ,9 "o cante51 ) a seat+ capacity = #b1jjj wom51 ,i f\nd t ?ree gallons ( pickles 7 sold 9 p5nywor?s daily2 9 ano!r di/rict1 ! popul> ta/e ran 9 ! direction ( jam t>ts4 ,yet1 ev5 ) ! small /ore ( exp]i5ce s f> accumulat$1 c]ta9 g5]al pr9ciples at lea/ z reg>ds site1 con/ruction1 equipm5t1 & adm9i/ration ( ! cante5 h be5 evolv$4 ,= in/ance1 z reg>ds site1 a gloomy d9+-room is nev] popul>4 ,if possible1 a g>d5 outlook %\ld be arrang$1 & at ! lea/1 ! cante5 walls %\ld be ( a re/ful col\r4 ,x seems obvi\s t if pictures are introduc$1 !y %\ld be v>i$ & bright1 yet ,i h se5 "o cante5 ( :i* ! walls 7 cov]$ at int]vals ) reproductions ( ! same un9t]e/+ pr9t4 ,ano!r obvi\s po9t1 too (t5 neglect$1 is ! insurance ( good v5tilation 9 cante5 & kit*54 ,! d9+-room %\ld1 if possible1 provide sep>ate accommodation = m5 & wom51 & %\ld h a buffet-b> & s]v+-c\nt] ) sep>ate hat*m5ts = diff]5t items ( ! m5u4 ,aga91 x is a matt] ( common cons5t t ! 'ticket sy/em' ( paym5t = ! food h&$ ov] ! c\nt] is ! be/4 ,ticket-(fices1 :]e ! '*ecks' are obta9able = ca%1 %\ld be c>efully plac$ ) reg>d to entrance doors1 s]v+-c\nt]s & d9+-tables1 s t ! m9imum "t is exp5d$ 9 prelim9>ies by a cli5tele :o has b a /rict d9n]-h\r at its disposal4 ,9 a well-organiz$ cante5 ,i h se5 ov] a ?\s& work]s seat$ & s]v$ )9 t5 m9utes ( ! ann\ncem5t ( ! d9n]-h\r )9 ! factory %ops4 ,9 ! l>g] cante5s1 developm5ts1 z may be expect$1 run *iefly along ! l9es ( lab\r-sav+ appliances4 ,electric wa%+-up ma*9es1 electric bacon-cutt]s1 z well z electric bread-cutt]s1 tea-measur+ ma*9es1 c\nt] hot-closets = w>m+ food br\ght by employees may n[ be se5 9 _m kit*5s :]e ! ne$s ( ?\s&s ( d9]s mu/ be consid]$4 ,b x is p]haps 9 ! small] conc]ns t ! developm5t ( ! indu/rial cante5 is mo/ assur$4 ,exp]im5ts c !re be m easily tri$1 & if necess>y1 disc>d$1 :]e ! cu/om]s are c\nt$ by hundr$s1 r ?an by ?\s&s4 ,f a t\r ( cante5s1 ,i select a c\ple ( su* in/ances4 ,! o!r day ,i happ5$1 dur+ ! d9n]-h\r1 to be 9 a new munitions factory conc]n$ ) ! production ( magnetos1 a]o-eng9es1 electric swit*es1 & s on1 "w und]tak5 by m5 & wom51 boys & girls4 ,! manag] ( ?is works has /udi$ ! lab\r "q up & d[n ! c\ntry1 & has set d[n 8 conclusions1 n on m9ute %eets1 b 9 ! bricks & mort> ( new build+s1 9 gre5 lawns & fl[] b$s bright ) col\r1 & 9 allotm5ts r\nd 8 %ops4 ,! ,work]'s ,oasis ,! cante5 is a feature ( ! place4 ,x /&s ap>t f ! factory1 a long l[ build+1 "o side look+ on to a t5nis c\rt & ! o!r on to homely b delightful vegetable plots4 ,! work]s' d9+-room is divid$ d[n ! c5tre3 "o side = ! m51 ! o!r = ! wom54 ,a s]v+-table1 b no p>tition-wall1 sep>ates x f ! kit*51 :i*1 9 its turn1 is divid$ by fur!r s]v+-tables f mess-rooms = ! eng9e]s & /aff employees4 ,! kit*51 9 reality a s]ies ( ov5s1 /oves1 & /eam]s1 is a revelation ( lab\r-sav+ appliances1 heat$ by electricity4 ,on ! day ( my visit !re 0 n ! slighte/ od\r ( cook+ f ^! v>i\s ut5sils1 al?\gh hot meals = "s #bej p]sons 7 9 prep>ation4 ,! factory hoot] 'buzz$'4 ,! d9n] h\r1 ! work]s' oasis1 _h arriv$1 yet !re 0 no clatt] ( di%es1 or bu/le ( s]v+-maids1 9 ! cante5s4 ,an atmosph]e ( repose 0 z manife/ z 9 a well-appo9t$ reception-room ( "s /ately ,engli% home4 ,! work]s evid5tly react to ^! conditions1 & /&+ at ! back ( ! kit*5 ,i 0 q unaw>e ( ! d9]'s entry4 ',:5 d ! p come 98' ,i ask$ f my %elt] beh9d a huge /eam] :]e pudd+s 7 ris+ to ! occasion4 ',a hundr$ m5 are already seat$ & s]v$'1 0 ! amaz+ reply4 ,!y _h ent]$ ?r\gh a side door lead+ out ( ! g>d51 _h !re pur*as$ a '*eck' = ! value ( ! d9n] requir$1 & pres5t+ ! '*eck' at ! s]v+-c\nt]1 _h receiv$ _! portion1 pip+ hot f ! hot %elves fitt$ b5ea?4 ,pick+ up ! necess>y cutl]y f an adjo9+ table1 ! cu/om]s _h seat$ !mselves at any special small m>ble-topp$ table ( _! fancy4 ,waitresses1 "s volunt>y work]s g>b$ 9 rose-col\r$ ov]alls & mob-caps1 & "s /aff employees 9 :ite or blue uni=ms1 mov$ ab\t among/ ! tables1 supply+ small wants4 ,?r\gh ! op5 w9d[s float$ ! sc5t ( hay & fl[]s2 x seem$ almo/ ludicr\s to connect ! sc5e ) w> & ! manufacture ( its eng9es ( de/ruction4 ,! quality ( ! food 0 excell5t & ! v>iety great4 ,a d9n] h\r sp5t 9 su* a cante5 is a refre%m5t to bo? body & s\l ( ! employees4 ,9 ano!r in/ance1 ! firm h h&$ ov] ! cante5 & its managem5t to a work]s' committee ^u :i* ! manag+ director also sits4 ,i notic$ 9 ?is cante5 v>i\s devices wor?y ( imitation1 :]e cat]+ is und]tak5 = l>ge numb]s4 ,! me?od adopt$1 = example1 ( divid+ ! s]v+-c\nt] into hat*m5ts = ! v>i\s items on ! m5u1 & sep>at+ by rails ! floor-space 9 front ( ea* comp>tm5t1 seems to economize bo? ! "t & pati5ce ( ! cu/om]s4 ,! note ( economy ) effici5cy is emphasiz$ 9 ?is1 z 9 _m cante5s1 & ,i 0 %[n ) pride "s 'little bro!rs' on an adjo9+ piece ( l&--pigs t 7 fatt5+ on ! cante5 'wa/e'4 ,^! developm5ts1 />t$ 9 munitions areas dur+ ! urg5cy ( w>f>e1 w1 )\t d\bt1 h p]man5t importance 9 ! days ( peace1 & x is probable t ! munition work]s' cante51 d\bt+ly adopt$ by employ]s "s two ye>s ago1 is symptomatic ( a revolution 9 ! home life ( ! indu/rial work]1 z well z ( new me?ods ( economy 9 ! national supply ( fuel & food4 ,,*apt] ,,viii3 ,,h\s+ ,,billet+--,,tempor>y ,,accommodation--,,p]man5t ,,accommodation ,( ! indirect problems aris+ f a prolific output ( munitions ! mo/ acute has und\bt$ly be5 ! affair ( ! h\s+ ( ! work]s4 ,! op5+ ( a new factory1 or ! conv]sion ( exi/+ works to ! ne$s ( ! ,/ate1 (t5 involve ! transf]5ce ( ?\s&s ( work]s1 & 9 "s cases ! di/ricts to :i* ! /ream ( immigration is direct$ are already conge/$1 & already suff]+ f inadequate h\s+ accommodation4 ,9 "o t[n 9 ! ,nor?1 = example1 ! population has s9ce #aiad increas$ by immigration f #af1jjj to #ce1jjj2 9 ano!r t[n1 :]e ! #aiaa c5sus %[$ a population ( #ajg1hba1 an unexagg]at$ e/imate gives ! figure = ! end ( #aiag z #abj1jjj2 9 o!r munition areas a simil> inflation ( population has tak5 place4 ,! h\s+ problem has be5 fur!r complicat$ by ! almo/ total prohibition ( build+ dur+ ! w> p]iod1 save = ,gov]nm5t purposes4 ,! effect ( ^! conditions 9 ! e>ly days ( ! w> 01 z may be imag9$1 highly unsatisfactory to ! resid5ts 9 c]ta9 munition areas1 z well z to ! immigrant "w-p4 ,ov]cr[d+ became rife2 lodg]s 7 at ! m]cy ( unscrupul\s l&ladies1 & all ! evils associat$ ) bad h\s+ conditions began to make _! appe>ance4 ,!n ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions came to grips ) ! "q1 & al?\gh x rema9s a ?orny subject1 ! activities ( ! ,dep>tm5t may be fairly said to h accompli%$ a miracle 9 "s areas 9 ! h\s+ ( ! munition work]s4 ,! inf9ite v>iety ( local conditions1 z well z ! humanness ( ! work]s1 obvi\sly complicate ! matt]1 & :ile x has be5 f\nd possible to syn!size ! factory sy/em ( a giv5 area1 no /]eotyp$ regulations c conceivably be produc$ to cov] ! accommodation ( its employees4 ,! problem is !re=e attack$ piece-meal1 ea* local proposition be+ decid$ on its own m]its4 ,a broad guid+ pr9ciple has1 h[ev]1 be5 educ$ :]ev] ! h\s+ situation occasion$ by ! output ( munitions dem&s ,/ate int]v5tion4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is decid$ :e!r ! ne$$ accommodation c be met 9 "p1 or altoge!r1 by exi/+ h\ses--a sy/em n[ sanction$ by ! ,billet+ ,act ( ,may #aiag4 ,secondly1 :5 x is f\nd necess>y to provide fur!r h\s+ room1 consid]ation is giv5 z to :e!r new build+s %all be ( a tempor>y or ( a p]man5t type4 ,billet+ ,*ronologically1 an au?oriz$ sy/em ( billet+ munition work]s has be5 ! late/ developm5t 9 ! ,/ate h\s+ s*emes1 b ev5 9 ! e>ly days ( ! w> ?is arrangem5t exi/$ 9 embryo4 ,local committees 7 !n appo9t$ :i*1 ) ! aid ( ! ,employm5t ,bureaux1 compil$ li/s ( suitable lodg+s = immigrant wom5 work]s4 ,f ! e>lie/ w> p]iod1 too1 provision 0 made to meet "y wom5 new-com]s at railway /ations & to place !m1 if necess>y1 9 tempor>y unimpea*able lodg+s1 until p]man5t accommodation 0 available4 ,?is s*eme has n[ develop$ into ! regul>iz$ activities ( a ,billet+ ,bo>d 7e/abli%$ ,augu/ #aiag71 work+ "u p[]s giv5 by ! ,billet+ ,act4 ,"u ?is enactm5t1 compulsory billet+ is provid$ =1 b 9 practice is n adopt$1 suffici5t facilities hav+ s f> be5 =?com+ f volunt>y s\rces4 ,! ,billet+ ,bo>d works 9 he>ty co-op]ation ) local au?orities & individuals1 & has met ) extraord9>y success4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance1 two executive memb]s ( ! ,bo>d proce$ to a conge/$ munitions area &1 ) local aid1 in/itute an inquiry z to :e!r billet+ c be successfully c>ri$ out4 ,9 su* areas z ! ,clyde1 or ,woolwi*1 billet+ w\ld1 = example1 be out ( ! "q1 b 9 o!r localities1 su* z ,b>r[ & ,h]e=d1 :]e public op9ion ran t !re 0 no fur!r accommodation ev5 = a /ray cat1 ! ,bo>d has yet f\nd suitable billets = #ijj p]sons 9 ,b>r[ & #a1bjj 9 ,h]e=d4 ,! "q ( transit1 x is true1 is intimately connect$ ) ! h\s+ problem1 & ?r\gh ! action ( ! ,billet+ ,bo>d x has 9 _m cases be5 possible to remove difficulties ( locomotion1 & h5ce to br+ fur!r accommodation )9 rea* ( ! factories4 ,! ,bo>d has also be5 enabl$ to =m local committees on :i* sit repres5tatives ( ea* h\s+ int]e/ 7e4 g4 l&lady1 locality1 lodg]71 & x has au?ority to recov] r5t f default+ t5ants4 ,^!1 & o!r p[]s1 h result$ 9 ?r[+ _m additional ap>tm5ts on to ! m>ket4 ,yet difficulties rema9 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,act 9 t ! indu/rial work]s are "u no discipl9e su* z t appli$ to soldi]s1 & !re is no local au?ority to compel a munitions work] ei!r to g into a giv5 billet1 or to rema9 !re :5 plac$4 ,! goodwill ( ! locality & ( ! employees has1 h[ev]1 be5 s great t ! sy/em works smoo?ly1 & f ,augu/ #aiag to ,decemb] #ca1 #aiag1 #c1jjj to #e1jjj munition work]s h be5 plac$ 9 exi/+ h\ses4 ,9 a conge/$ di/rict :]e lodg+ accommodation is exhau/$1 ! ,billet+ ,bo>d reports on ! ne$ = fur!r h\ses1 & at su* c5tres z ,b>r[ & ,l9coln new h\ses are n[ be+ erect$ on _! recomm5dation4 ,tempor>y ,accommodation ,exclud+ ! utilization ( local lodg+s & ! adaptation ( exi/+ build+s su* z ,poor-,law /ructures1 ,elem5t>y ,s*ools1 *>itable in/itutions1 ?ree di/9ct types ( provisional accommodation = munition work]s h made _! appe>ance3 tempor>y cottages1 ho/els1 & colonies4 ,! tempor>y cottage corresponds fairly closely to ! ord9>y type ( p]man5t indu/rial cottage1 save t ! =m] is built ( wood or concrete & is usually "o /ory in/ead ( two2 x conta9s ?ree to five rooms1 & is r5t$ on ! basis ( ab\t #es4 #f;d4 to #gs4 #f;d4 p] week = a ?ree-room$ abode4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ^! rooms are allocat$ to m>ri$ r ?an to s+le wom52 sometimes ! wife1 z well z ! husb&1 works 9 ! neighb\r+ factory1 b m usually ! wife1 h\s$ 9 ! tempor>y cottage1 rema9s at home1 h\sekeep+ = ! man work]4 ,! unm>ri$ girls & wom5 work]s 9 cr[d$ di/ricts are g5]ally accommodat$ 9 ho/els1 or 9 colonies1 ! t]m us$ = a gr\p ( ho/els4 ,! ho/el1 :i* is design$ to accommodate f #cj to #ajj p]sons1 is provid$ ) its own kit*51 d9+-room1 & common-room1 & to a c]ta9 ext5t life !re9 approximates to t ( a l>ge family4 ,! ,colony1 or gr\p ( ho/els1 has be5 f\nd conv5i5t :]e a l>ge numb] ( wom5 mu/ be h\s$4 ,ea* ho/el1 or hutm5t1 9 ! gr\p is arrang$ = ! sleep+ accommodation ( #ajj-acj p]sons1 ! dormitories be+ divid$ into cubicles 7"s s+le1 "s d\ble71 accommodation = ba?-rooms be+ always made 9 ^! dormitory blocks4 ,"u ! ,colony sy/em1 meals are usually p>tak5 ( 9 a sep>ate build+ or build+s4 ,! resid5ts f all ! hutm5ts also meet 9 ! recreation-room & 9 ! laundry1 common to all4 ,exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 tea*es t ea* ho/el %\ld h its own common room & t a ,colony %\ld n %elt] v l>ge numb]s4 ,ab\t #ejj girls1 9 five ho/els1 seems to be ! ideal numb] = effective home-mak+1 yet we h l>ge h\s+ s*emes = ! accommodation ( _m ?\s&s :i* are at pres5t answ]+ _! purpose z a w>-"t measure4 ,= ! managem5t ( ! ,colony an exceptionally capable lady sup]9t5d5t is ne$$1 into ^: h&s usually falls ! selection ( ! hutm5t matrons & _! /affs1 z well z ! cante5 manag]s & _! subord9ates4 ,9 ! mo/ develop$ ,colonies a recreation (fic] is (t5 appo9t$4 ,i recall a visit to "o ( ! l>ge/ ,colonies = munition work]s 9 ! ,midl&s4 ,! s*eme embraces ! h\s+ & fe$+ ( "s #f1jjj wom51 drawn f e "p ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 inde$1 possibly f e corn] ( ! ,empire4 ,! /aff1 9 all1 comprises "s #cjj p]sons4 ,p]fect h>mony reign$1 & ! girls seem$ ?or\ghly at home 9 _! novel surr\nd+s4 ,ea* girl c claim a sep>ate cubicle1 :i* is divid$ f ! adjo9+ comp>tm5t by a wall & door4 ,"h & !re1 inde$1 ! arrangem5t 0 v>i$ & two fri5ds--t]rifi$ at sleep+ alone--_h secur$ p]mission to pool _! b$rooms & to arrange a d\ble sleep+-room & dress+-room4 ,! cubicle sy/em is1 not)/&+1 mu* appreciat$ by ! woman1 :o1 work+ 9 company ( hundr$s ( h] fell[s1 & %>+ p]haps a common life = ! fir/ "t1 rejoices 9 ! possession ( "s spot 9 :i* to express h] inn] self4 ,9 "s cubicles 9 t ,colony a desire = beauty ass]t$ itself & ! walls 7 gay ) pr9ts f illu/rat$ pap]s2 9 o!rs1 da9ty col\r$ curta9s _h be5 introduc$ & ! lock] 0 cov]$ ) a clo? to mat*4 ,9 ano!r room1 ! own] _h evid5tly a ta/e = embroid]y1 & all ! toilet accessories bore ?is fem99e t\*4 ,b1 g5]ally speak+1 ! *ief feature ,i notic$ 9 t1 z well z 9 o!r ,colonies :]e ! cubicle sy/em prevails1 0 ! cleanl9ess & ord] ( ! ap>tm5ts4 ,a ta/e = purity is infecti\s1 & x is unlikely t girls1 hav+ once come "u an influ5ce t induces !m to leave _! sleep+ ap>tm5t immaculate be=e go+ to "w be=e dawn1 w ev] aga9 tol]ate slum conditions4 ,! _m problems involv$ 9 ! h\s+ ( ^! girls ( v>i\s types are inde$ almo/ lo/ sight ( by ! visitor1 b1 z a lady sup]9t5d5t once rem9d$ me1 !re are difficulties inh]5t 9 ! job4 ,"s girls w arrive ) uncleanly habits1 ev5 :5 ! m$ical (fic] has sort$ out ^? unclean 9 p]son2 o!rs w1 at fir/1 %[ signs ( viol5t antipa?ies & /range fe>s1 & !re is always ! ne$ = uphold+ an atmosph]e ( religi\s & racial tol]ation4 ,9 ! ,midl&s ,colony a sy/em has be5 adopt$ ( plac+ ! b$rooms ( girls f "o "p ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom 9 ! same corridor1 ! ,iri% 9 "o w+1 ! ,scot* 9 ano!r1 & s on1 b 9 ! o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry ,i h f\nd p]fect h>mony :]e su* classification is n obs]v$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pa9t+ ,a ,,%ip',s ,,side ,,9 ,,dry ,,dock ,illu/ration3 ,,g5]al ,,view ,,( ,,wom5 ,,at ,,"w ,,on ,,aircraft ,,fabric ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,cante5 ,! fe$+ ( ! ho/el resid5ts pres5ts its own difficulties1 especially 9 ^! days ( w>4 ,9 "s ho/els & colonies1 su* z ! "o 9 ! ,midl&s1 ! resid5ts take _! meals 9 _! own cante52 x be+ possible to supply ! ne$s ( a %ift 9 ! int]val f "w4 ,9 o!r ho/els1 arrangem5ts are made by :i* meals c be _h ei!r at ! ho/el or ! factory cante54 ,9 ^! days ( fluctuat+ food prices1 x is difficult to indicate ! co/ ( up-keep ( a munition-work]s' ho/el1 b1 9 g5]al1 x has n be5 f\nd practicable to put ! ho/el on an entirely self-support+ basis4 ,?is is especially ! case 9 ! ,gov]nm5t e/abli%m5ts1 :]e ! return on exp5d$ capital is at pres5t only s\ght 9 increas$ munitions output4 ,p]man5t ,accommodation ,at fir/ sight1 ! provision ( tempor>y accommodation alone may appe> ! obvi\s me?od = ! h\s+ ( munition work]s4 ,*eap] & m rapid con/ruction is obta9able by ?is me?od1 & exi/+ build+s may be adapt$4 ,b if1 9 an area ( pre-w> h\s+ %ortage1 !re is good prospect ( p]man5t manufactur+ activity1 x is m (t5 decid$ t p]man5t1 r ?an tempor>y1 /ructures are provid$4 ,x may be ( int]e/ to note ! me?ods t h be5 adopt$ by ! ,/ate 9 ! provision ( p]man5t accommodation4 ,^! may be detail$ "u f\r heads3 #a4 ,9 a c]ta9 numb] ( cases loans h be5 made to ,public ,utility ,societies = ! con/ruction ( dwell+s = munition work]s4 ,su* loans are condition$ aft] ! mann] already made famili> to ! public by ,g>d5 ,suburb & o!r ,associations4 #b4 ,loans h be5 made directly to c]ta9 individual firms to enable !m to h\se _! immigrant employees4 ,^! loans h be5 issu$ at ! curr5t rate ( int]e/--usually #e p] c5t4--& run1 g5]ally speak+1 = a p]iod ( =ty ye>s4 #c4 ,9 a few exceptional cases1 c]ta9 private firms--n[ ,controll$ ,e/abli%m5ts--are p]mitt$ to *>ge a "p ( ! increase on ! co/ ( build+ 7due to w> conditions7 to t portion ( ! firm's pr(its :i* w\ld o!rwise h gone to ! ,ex*equ]4 #d4 ,a contribution is1 9 "s in/ances1 made by ! ,/ate to c]ta9 local au?orities ( a "p ( ! capital co/ ( build+4 ,9 all cases ?is contribution is less ?an ! e/imat$ increase due to w> conditions4 ,! type ( p]man5t build+ erect$ by su* means is t :i* *>act]izes _m ( our new] indu/rial di/ricts1 namely a two-/ory brick cottage1 conta9+ two or ?ree b$rooms1 a liv+-room & a kit*51 a ba?1 9 "s cases a ba?-room4 ,sometimes a complete village or t[n%ip has aris51 z x 7 f ! e>?1 to %elt] ! work+ population :o h s will+ly left _! homes to fur!r ! common cause by l& & sea4 ,9 ano!r in/ance1 a l>ge ,national factory has be5 erect$ on an isolat$ wa/e 9 ! ,nor? c\ntry4 ,! work]s come f long di/ances1 & n only ne$ accommodation1 b "s reasonable provision = recreation & ! am5ities ( life4 ,beyond ! great high road sweep+ on to ,scotl&1 "s "o- or two-room$ cottages1 a village %op or two1 & a few m impos+ resid5ces !re 01 9 ,june #aiae1 no?+ b bogl& 9 ! imm$iate neighb\rhood ( ! site ( ?is new factory4 ,! l&scape pres5t$ a view ( co>se grass & bracki% wat]2 beyond t1 bea* & sea1 & a horizon b\nd$ by rugg$ m\nta9s1 capp$ 9 w9t] by sn[4 ,x ne$$ c\rage1 z well z g5ius1 to und]take ! trans=mation ( su* a desolate wa/e into surr\nd+s :i* %\ld (f] a lure to indu/rial work]s4 ,b ! "w has be5 done 9 sil5ce1 quickly z well z effici5tly1 ) imag9ation1 z well z ?or\ghness1 & ) an eye to ! future de/9y ( ! place4 ,by ,july #aiae1 ! fir/ huts 7 occupi$1 & by ,decemb] #aiag1 :5 ,i 0 a privileg$ visitor1 !re _h aris5 a ?riv+ busy t[n%ip & a village "s five miles beyond4 ,excell5t railway communication betwe5 t[n%ip1 village1 & factory has be5 e/abli%$1 _m good roads h be5 built1 !re are p]man5t cottages1 *ur*es1 a s*ool1 %ops1 a /aff club1 an in/itute1 a l>ge ent]ta9m5t hall1 a c9ema h\se1 & a c5tral kit*51 provid+ cook$ meals = all ! work]s 9 ! factories1 & raw food-/uff = ho/els & huts4 ,little g>d5s surr\nd ! h\ses big & small1 tempor>y or p]man5t1 & allotm5ts are 9 great reque/1 & !re is also provision = outdoor recreation1 su* z b[ls1 t5nis1 cricket1 c4 ,! p]man5t brick cottages are built 9 blocks ( twelve1 :i* are n[ ?r[n toge!r to =m a ho/el4 ,! con/ruction is s plann$ t ultimately ^! cottages c be re-sep>at$ = family use4 ,!re is h\s+ accommodation = ov] #f1jjj wom5 op]ators1 :i* 0 practically all 9 use4 ,! task ( sup]vis+ ! home conditions ( ?is army ( wom5 falls into ! h&s ( a lady ,welf>e ,sup]9t5d5t1 :o keeps all ! complicat$ ma*9]y ( ho/els1 huts1 & lodg+s 9 runn+ ord]4 ,! possibilities 9 ! h\s+ ( indu/rial wom5 away f _! own homes h1 ,i believe1 nev] be5 s cle>ly demon/rat$ z 9 ?is t[n on ! m>%es4 ,! lady sup]9t5d5t :o has pione]$ ?is movem5t is ( ! op9ion t its success is b\nd up ) ! fact t ! ho/els are limit$ to ! accommodation ( f #gj to #ajj girls 9 ea*4 ,o!r key-notes to ! prevail+ happ9ess ( ! wom5 resid5ts are1 ,i ga!r$1 t a m9imum numb] ( rules are en=c$ & t ! wom5 are treat$ z responsible human be+s4 ,! eld] wom5 are (t5 h\s$ 9 bungal[s "u ! c>e ( a h\sekeep]-cook1 & !y greatly enjoy ! great] indep5d5ce & ! appeal to _! individuality possible 9 su* surr\nd+s4 ,! ho/els1 at ! "t ( my visit1 7 9 mo/ hospitable mood4 ,x 0 ! eve ( ,*ri/mas1 & fe/ivities1 temp]$ to w>-"t ne$s1 7 ! ord] ( ! day4 ,! s\nd ( a piano & s++ outside a c]ta9 ho/el sugge/$ a frolic )94 ,we ent]$1 ! lady sup]9t5d5t & myself4 ,! l[] floor _h be5 conv]t$ into reception-rooms & supp] 0 laid out on tables decorat$ ) spoils f ! h$ge4 ,gleam+ r$ b]ries & gli/5+ holly-leaves 7 on walls & brackets & "h & !re a sprig ( mi/letoe plac$ 9 suitable places = 'auld lang syne'4 ,!re 7 pres5t "y m51 z well z girls1 & a lively game1 '! ,duke ( ,york'1 0 9 progress4 ,sudd5ly ! s++ & accompanim5t came to a sudd5 halt & ! :ole ( ! company tr\p$ 9 f adjo9+ rooms4 ,a "y girl came =w>d4 ',we wi% to take ?is opportunity'1 %e said1 '( ?ank+ our matron & our secret>y = ! mo/ happy "t we h _h "u ?is ro(4 ,we d x n[ because we hope n to be "h next ye>1 b in/ead to be welcom+ our boys home f ! ,front'4 ,x 0 a simple1 spontane\s expression ( ! g5]al emotion ( ! ho/el resid5ts 9 t area4 ,ev]y:]e ,i f\nd a simil> joy ( life among ! work]s3 9 ! ,in/itute clubs1 :]e bo? girls & m5 7 read+1 /udy+1 s++1 & danc+2 9 ! c9ema hall1 :]e ! ev]-popul> 'movies' 7 tak+ place2 & 9 ! big recreation hall1 :]e a weekly 'social' 0 be+ held4 ,!re1 two girls provid$ ! b&1 to :i* o!r girls danc$ ) girls1 or ) m5 9 khaki1 or ) factory work]s 9 civilian dress4 ,!re 0 a heal?y comrade%ip betwe5 girls & m5 &1 :5 ! h\r ( p>t+ came !re 7 leave-tak+s ( :i* no "o c\ld be a%am$4 ,laught] & jollity 9 pl5ty1 & snat*es ( song up & d[n ! d>k5$ /reets1 z gr\p aft] gr\p f\nd its way home1 b self-respect & dignity noticeably pres5t4 ,9 a new t[n1 em]g+ dur+ ! hurry & bu/le ( ! w>1 among/ new occupations1 at :i* wom5 ne$s mu/ we> a mascul9e co/ume1 we h at lea/ accompli%$ ?is3 t ! _s ( home-life1 ( joy1 & ( love has n be5 disc\rag$3 r has x be5 fo/]$1 or rek9dl$1 9 ^! unaccu/om$ homes provid$ by ! ,/ate4 ,inde$1 _m ( ! girls pass+ ?r\gh ?is /range w>-"t adv5ture h assur$ly ga9$ by _! pilgrimage precisely 9 ^? qualities mo/ ne$$ by ! wives & mo!rs ( ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,x 0 an inspir+ glimpse into a new indu/rial _w1 a port5t1 maybe1 ( ! "t to come4 ,! words ( a gold5 sonnet well$ up3 ,!n felt ,i l "s wat*] ( ! skies ,:5 a new planet swims into 8 k52 ,or l /\t ,cortez :51 ) eagle eyes1 ,he />$ at ! ,pacific--& all 8 m5 ,look$ at ea* o!r ) a wild surmise-- ,sil5t1 ^u a peak 9 ,d>i54 ,,footnotes3 #a ,welf>e "w has s9ce be5 (ficially ext5d$ to factories o!r ?an ^? engag$ 9 munitions production by ,clause #g ( ! ,police1 ,factories1 c4 7,miscellane\s ,provisions7 ,act 7#aiaf74 #b ,heal? ( ,munition ,work]s ,committee1 ,memor&um ,no4 #c1 ,report on ,indu/rial ,cante5s 7,cd4 #hacc72 ,memor&um ,no4 #f1 ,app5dix to ,memor&um ,no4 #c1 ,cante5 ,con/ruction & ,equipm5t 7,cd4 #haii72 ,memor&um ,no4 #ai1 ,inve/igation ( ,work]s' ,food & ,sugge/ions z to ,diet>y3 ,report by ,leon>d ,e4 ,hill1 ,m4,b41 ,f4,r4,s4 7,cd4 #hgih74 #c ,a ,food ,section ( ! ,m9i/ry ( ,munitions has s9ce be5 e/abli%$ to c>ry on ! "w ( ! ,c5tral ,control ,bo>d 7,liquor ,traffic74 #d ,pun*1 ,septemb] #f1 #aiaf4