,,exempt+ ,,! ,,*ur*es ,an ,argum5t = ! ,abolition ( ,?is ,unju/ & ,uncon/itutional ,practice ,by ,james ,f4 ,morton4 ,jr4 ,no p]son %all be requir$ to support any m9i/ry or place ( wor%ip aga9/ 8 cons5t--,! accept$ ,am]ican pr9ciple4 ,to relieve ! prop]ty ( a *ur* f taxation is to appropriate money1 to ! ext5t ( t tax1 = ! support ( t *ur*4444 ,to exempt ! *ur* f taxation is to pay a "p ( ! prie/'s sal>y4--,+]soll4 #aiaf4 ,,exempt+ ,,! ,,*ur*es ,,an ,,argum5t ,,= ,,! ,,abolition ,,( ,,?is ,,unju/ ,,& ,,uncon/itutional ,,practice4 ,! hi/ory ( ! democratic _s1 f its fir/ inception to ! pres5t day1 is t ( a ceaseless /ruggle ) special privilege4 ,! pr9ciple ( ca/e1 9 its num]\s manife/ations1 is con/antly at w> ) ! "r's ( man4 ,aft] c5turies ( incessant conflict1 ! advance ( democracy is beyond all "q2 & its ultimate triumph c be d5i$ only by ^? :o hold t progress is de/9$ to cease & civilization to decay4 ,x has become evid5t t :at is democratic is good & b5eficial to mank9d1 t :at is undemocratic is evil & h>mful to ! human race4 ,k+s1 kais]s1 emp]ors1 cz>s1 h]$it>y ari/ocracies & olig>*ies ( e k9d1 h[ev] necess>y or useful factors !y may h be5 9 c]ta9 e>ly /ages ( ! transition f b>b>ism to civilization1 are n[ recognizable z drags on ! *>iot :eel ( progress4 ,! _w has begun to rid itself ( all ^! ana*ronisms2 & ! day ( _! entire & p]man5t disappe>ance c n[ be =ese5 9 ! n extremely di/ant future4 ,complete autocracies h practically ceas$ to exi/4 ,mon>*y by div9e "r is recogniz$ = ! mon/r\s lie :i* x always 02 & ! few atavi/ic survivals :o cont9ue to m\? t once rev]$ phrase are abhorr$1 piti$ or despis$ by all sane m5 & wom54 ,mix$ gov]nm5ts are ! g5]al rule1 s9ce ! old & explod$ fallacies ( p]sonal gov]nm5t yield unwill+ly to ! m>* ( progress & ju/ice2 b 9 ea* case ! au?ority is sl[ly b surely pass+ m & m into ! h&s ( ! p2 & ! h]$it>y rul]s are becom+ m]e figureheads or subsidi>y ag5ts ( popul> gov]nm5t1 p5d+ _! f9al disappe>ance4 ,9 our own & a few o!r l&s1 we are happily rid ( !m long s9ce1 & we wi% ! same good =tune at an e>ly date to ! re/ ( ! nations4 ,! reaction>ies ( ! diff]5t c\ntries va9ly decl>e t democratic triumph is a sign ( deg5]acy4 ,on ! contr>y1 :]e democracy fl\ri%es1 all =ms ( progress are f\nd to ?rive be/4 ,ea* new /ep 9 ! direction ( human lib]ty has be5 bitt]ly oppos$ by ! wor%ip]s ( ! pa/4 ,!y h p\r$ =? eloqu5t j]emiads1 & vehem5tly pr$ict$ ! collapse ( society & ! det]ioration ( ! race1 :5ev] religi\s lib]ty1 fre$om ( ! press or ( spee* & assembly1 a republican =m ( gov]nm5t1 ! abolition ( h]$it>y (fice & titles ( nobility1 ! ov]?r[ ( slav]y or any o!r great =w>d /ep 0 propos$2 & 9 e s+le in/ance ! result ( ! increase ( lib]ty prov$ s b5eficial to ! human race z to give ! lie mo/ unequivocally to ! false prophets ( evil4 ,nev] has autocracy be5 prov$ to be sup]ior to democracy 9 any s+le p>ticul> ( a fundam5tal nature4 ,,! ,,mean+ ,,( ,,! ,,pr9ciple4 ,read+ ! future 9 ! light ( ! pa/1 we may safely ma9ta9 t a full] application ( ! democratic pr9ciple 9 our own republic c be fraught ) no?+ b bless+s to our p4 ,democracy does n mean m]ely ! election ( (ficials by popul> fran*ise1 nor is x synonym\s ) unlimit$ majority rule4 ,/>t+ f ! premise ( ! equal rights ( all m5 & wom51 x necess>ily signifies ! p>am\nt importance ( ! individual1 & next to ! individual1 ! rights ( ! collective community4 ,x mu/ protect ! individual to ! fulle/ possible ext5t 9 8 inali5able rights ( life1 lib]ty & ! pursuit ( happ9ess4 ,x is only :5 he alleges ! pursuit ( ^! rights z a pretext = m$dl+ ) ! equally fundam5tal rights ( 8 fell[s t ! community1 z ! repres5tative ( ! total rights ( all its memb]s1 f9ds w>rant = int]f]5ce1 & = re/ra9+ ! invad]4 ,!re c be no "q z to ?is g5]al pr9ciple4 ,! difficulties 9 application arise only f ! facts t ! relative rights ( individuals are n ma!matically det]m9able & t human judgm5t is n infallible4 ,lawmak+ is an attempt1 m or less successful1 to rea* a workable approximation ( absolute ju/ice1 bas$ on ! g5]al democratic pr9ciple4 ,! anti!sis ( democracy is special privilege4 ,?is is ! ext5sion ( c]ta9 p[]s to "o or m individuals1 at ! exp5se ( "o or m o!r individuals1 )\t prop] comp5sation & 9 violation ( equal ju/ice4 ,:atev] int]f]es ) equality ( initial opportunity falls "u ?is head4 ,democracy abhors all =ms ( favoritism4 ,!re is no inju/ice 9 unequal remun]ation = diff]+ degrees ( social s]vice2 b !re is grave wrong 9 rew>d+ equal s]vices unequally or unequal s]vices equally4 ,all !ories ( social re=m are bas$ on a m or less cle> realization ( ?is tru?1 & on ! supposition1 :e!r correct or incorrect1 t conditions exi/ at pres5t :i* conf] undue advantage on a favor$ class or on favor$ classes4 ,,prec$5ce ,,( ,,individual ,,rights4 ,:at is true ( mat]ial advantage is equally true ( pr]ogatives ( e description4 ,! /ate _c legitimately re/rict any =m ( p]sonal lib]ty1 unless its indulg5ce involves "s def9ite injury to ! lib]ties ( o!rs1 & t s great z to ov]balance ! int]e/s ( individuals 9 ma9ta9+ ! lib]ty 9 "q4 ,:]e !re is a reasonable d\bt1 democracy dem&s t x be resolv$ 9 favor ( ! individual4 ,m]e majorities _c decide ! issue4 ,r$head$ m5 & wom5 =m a v small p]c5tage ( ! population2 b ! ov]:elm+ majority ( o!rs h no "r :atev]1 "u ! democratic pr9ciple1 to decree t ?is small gr\p %all be ext]m9at$1 or ev5 t x %all be subject to a special tax or to any o!r burd5some re/ra9t n appli$ to all ! p4 ,fre$om ( ! press is a vital democratic pr9ciple1 :i* becomes absolutely wor?less1 unless x be recogniz$ z a "r ( ev5 ! smalle/ m9ority1 no less ?an ( ! l>ge/ majority4 ,! humble/ citiz5 is entitl$ to trial by jury & ! use ( ! writ ( habeas corpus1 al?\gh 8 enemies & accus]s con/itute ! great mass ( ! p4 ,majority tyranny is 9 no s5se g5u9e democracy1 b is a wret*$ c\nt]feit4 ,z a practical necessity1 ! majority mu/ be held to gov]n 9 all matt]s ( /rictly collective conc]n2 b x has no "r to m$dle ) t :i* is /rictly ( a private nature4 ,! absolute & p]petual sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate is among ! mo/ imp]ative requirem5ts ( ! democratic pr9ciple4 ,no?+ c be s ess5tially ! private conc]n ( ! individual z 8 p]sonal beliefs on subjects ( ab/ract speculation4 ,"h1 ( all places1 ! /ate _c intrude )\t r5d]+ itself guilty ( ! f\le/ conceivable crime aga9/ its citiz5s4 ,religi\s conviction c nev] be a collective matt]4 ,only if all ! bra9s 9 a gr\p ( p]sons c\ld be fus$ into "o1 w\ld x be possible = su* gr\p to hold an op9ion ( its own4 ,ea* ( t5 m5 may accept ! doctr9es ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*2 b ! mom5t an elev5? man1 :o is ( ano!r way ( ?9k+1 jo9s ! gr\p1 x c no long] be said t ! gr\p believes 9 ! t5ets ( ,ca?olicism4 ,a majority ( ! individuals compos+ ! gr\p s believe2 b !re is no "o m9d ?9k+ = all4 ,app>5t exceptions exi/ only 9 ! case ( mobs1 9 :i* ! free play ( individuality is tempor>ily susp5d$1 ! memb]s ( ! cr[d be+ hypnotiz$ & madd5$ out ( ! capacity = intellig5t ?\ght or action by "s influ5ce :i* has be5 br\ght to be> on !m4 ,?is is n a collective m9d1 b ! tempor>y surr5d] ( a gr\p ( individuals to an ov]p[]+ & irrational impulse4 ,! mob _s is at ! opposite pole f ! _s ( democracy4 ,,op9ion ,,n ,,subject ,,to ,,majority ,,rule4 ,n only c a gr\p or a nation n hold a collective religi\s op9ion1 b no majority 9 x1 h[ev] great1 c *ange ! op9ion ( a s+le individual by any =m ( co]cion4 ,x may suppress ! outw>d manife/ation ( op9ion1 & may indirectly pres5t consid]ations to ! m9d ( ! individual :i* w lead him ultimately to reca/ 8 views 9 "s respects2 b x _c directly comm& ! humble/ or mo/ docile ( its memb]s to *ange 8 mode ( ?9k+ on ! in/ant4 ,! pret5se ( uni=mity ( fai? 9 a p mu/1 !re=e1 be ! %e]e/ humbug4 ,c\ld belief be collective1 & made to cont9ue s1 !re w\ld be "s pretext = ! advocacy ( a /ate *ur*4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 !re is no way ( mak+ e individual an organic "p ( a believ+ :ole1 a real /ate *ur* is an unqualifi$ impossibility4 ,a dom9ant p>ty or numb] ( individuals may by %e] brute =ce compel ! re/ ( ! community to pay lip-s]vice to a =mal organization label$ a /ate *ur*2 b ! total am\nt ( belief 9 ! dogmas ( su* an in/itution w n be increas$ 9 ! slighte/ degree by ! false label :i* seeks to repres5t x z an expression ( community-belief4 ,a /ate *ur* _c become a c5tre = collective wor%ip1 s9ce no su* ?+ is possible2 x c only br+ toge!r = jo9t outw>d expression ( wor%ip a mass ( individuals1 ! real believ]s among :om w engage 9 actual wor%ip1 :ile o!rs1 "u p]suasion or co]cion1 w g ?r\gh c]ta9 me*anical =ms ( no value to !mselves or to o!rs1 9 simulation ( ! rev]5ce :i* !y d n feel1 & )\t :i* _! p>ticipation 9 ! ext]nal rites ( religion is mean+less4 ,,union ,,( ,,*ur* ,,& ,,/ate--,,its ,,orig94 ,hi/ory jo9s =ces ) reason 9 prov+ t union ( *ur* & /ate is an intol]able evil4 ,! /ate religions ( antiquity 7 ei!r ! ag5ts ( political despotism1 or !mselves1 z 9 ,egypt1 =m$ a special despotism "u :i* bo? rul]s & p 7 cru%$ to ! e>?4 ,s9ce ! adv5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! rule ( ! *ur* has nev] fail$ to br+ disa/]4 ,! beg9n+ ( ! calamity is traceable to ! reign ( ! ,roman emp]or ,con/ant9e1 sometimes misnam$ ,! ,great4 ,( _m bad emp]ors1 ?is man /&s out conspicu\sly among ! wor/4 ,usurp]1 li>1 p]jur]1 ?ief1 murd]]1 & villa9 9 _m o!r reg>ds1 he adopt$ ,*ri/ianity z a /ate religion f motives ( an unusually crafty policy4 ,s little did 8 newly pr(ess$ fai? influ5ce 8 und]ly+ "*1 t 8 crimes ( ! blacke/ type cont9u$ unabat$ aft] 8 pr(ess$ conv]sion4 ,he did n ev5 respect ! f\ndation pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity suffici5tly to become baptiz$ until he lay on 8 dea?b$1 :5 8 grossly sup]/iti\s m9d delud$ itself ) ! fantasy t a few drops ( wat] & a few mumbl$ incantations w\ld h ! magical effect ( aton+ = a lifetime ( infamy1 & w\ld c>ry him /raightway into a region ( et]nal gratification ( e desire4 ,dur+ ,con/ant9e's reign1 organiz$ ,*ri/ianity began by divid+ (ficial honors ) ! m anci5t ,roman religion1 & end$ by usurp+ ! entire au?ority1 & by p]secut+ ^? :o /ill clung to ! fai? ( _! fa!rs4 ,lat] emp]ors c>ri$ ! process /ill fur!r1 o/5tati\s piety & unb\nd$ corruption go+ h& 9 h&1 until ,rome became a synonym ( utt] rott5ness1 & fell an easy prey to ! b>b>ian hordes :i* p\r$ d[n f nor!rn ,europe4 ,) ! union ( *ur* & /ate "u ,con/ant9e began a p]iod ( m5tal & moral /agnation1 :i* cont9u$ = ab\t t5 c5turies4 ,x 0 an anti-mill5nium1 a ?\s& ye>s ( di/9ctively ,*ri/ian rule1 productive ( e conceivable evil1 ) sc>cely a r$eem+ feature4 ,s black a night settl$ d[n on ! human race t by common cons5t ! epo* is appropriately kn[n z t ( ! ,d>k ,ages4 ,! *ur* 0 sole ma/]1 & indep5d5ce ( ?\ght 0 visit$ ) torture & dea?4 ,p]secution1 massacre1 religi\s w>s )\t end1 & ext]m9ation ( :ole populations & ! m]ciless slaught] ( ! noble/ ( ! race 7 its *>act]i/ics4 ,rome1 ! alleg$ holy city1 ! c5tre ( *ur* p[]1 0 a pe/il5tial swamp ( vice & crime beyond ! ability ( words to describe4 ,n a ray ( hope appe>$ 9 ! blackness until ! rais+ ( voices aga9/ ! extreme control ( ! *ur*4 ,! human m9d refus$ to rema9 =ev] 9 fett]s1 & ! ris+ movem5ts ( humanism & ! r5aissance witness$ ! beg9n+s ( ! great revolt4 ,! ,prote/ant ,re=mation1 an attempt to purify ,*ri/ianity f )91 succe$$ 9 r5d+ ! *ur* asund]1 b fail$ to r$eem x f ! wor/ ( its inh]5t evils4 ,its lead]s lov$ religi\s lib]ty z little z did _! ,ca?olic rivals4 ,calv9ism prov$ to be z ready to murd] 9 ! "n ( ,god z ev] ,romanism has be54 ,p]secution ( h]etics1 wit*-hunt+ & ! oppression ( ! :ole p = ! pr(it ( ecclesia/icism w5t m]rily on 9 all l&s4 ,! gradual fad+ out ( ^! horrors has be5 br\ght ab\t /ep by /ep by no o!r ag5cy ?an by ! gradual emancipation ( ! /ate f ! clut*es ( ! *ur*4 ,,religi\s ,,lib]ty ,,! ,,te/ ,,( ,,progress4 ,look+ ar\nd ! _w today1 x is easy to measure ! progress ( ! diff]5t peoples by ! degree 9 :i* !y h atta9$ religi\s lib]ty4 ,! /rictly ,ca?olic c\ntries1 :]e lea/ light has p5etrat$1 & :]e ! "r ( ! *ur* to control ! lawmak+ p[] & to dom9ate public education has be5 longe/ recogniz$1 are precisely ^? mo/ backw>d 9 all ! ess5tials ( civilization2 & 9 ea* ( ^! l&s1 any upris+ ( ! p on behalf ( lib]ty & progress is inv>iably accompani$ by an op5 w> aga9/ ! special privileges ( ! *ur*4 ,?us ,france & ,portugal h f\nd x impossible to w9 & hold _! fundam5tal lib]ties except by %ak+ (f ! ecclesia/ical yoke2 & 9 ^! l&s ! cl]ical elem5t is =emo/ 9 ! evil "w ( plott+ ! re/oration ( ! mon>*y & ! annihilation ( ! rights ( man4 ,9 ,mexico1 ! prie/hood has be5 fully recogniz$ z ! mo/ deadly enemy ( ! p4 ,9 ,spa91 ! f\nd] ( secul> education1 ,francisco ,f]r]1 0 brutally murd]$ at ! behe/ ( ! cl]ics2 & _! associates 9 ?is & e l& h n ceas$ to spread abroad lies t are int5d$ to black5 8 memory & to excuse 8 assass9s4 ,! anti-cl]ical & republican movem5ts 9 ,spa9 & ,italy g h& 9 h&4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica />t$ "r 9 !ory1 al?\gh x has n be5 always firm & loyal to ! democratic pr9ciple4 ,obs]v+ ! evils ( a /ate *ur*1 z !y _h exi/$ 9 ,europe & 9 ! ,am]ican colonies1 our =efa!rs wisely incorporat$ into ! f$]al ,con/itution /rong provisions int5d$ to save our l& f religi\s tyranny4 ,by ?is fundam5tal docum5t1 ! "r ( political organization is expressly d]iv$ f ! p1 & n f any suppos$ div9e sanction4 ,no recognition ( any religi\s doctr9e appe>s any:]e 9 ! in/rum5t4 ,to make p]fectly cle> ! democratic purpose ( ! ,con/itution1 a bill ( rights1 consi/+ ( elev5 am5dm5ts1 0 add$ z a condition ( ! ratification ( ! in/rum5t by ! orig9al /ates4 ,to ! et]nal honor ( ! fram]s ( ?is bill ( rights1 ! fir/ words ( its fir/ article are3 ,congress %all make no law respect+ an e/abli%m5t ( religion1 or prohibit+ ! free ex]cise !re(4 ,! ,con/itution itself conta9s ! no less highly significant clause3 ,no religi\s te/ %all ev] be requir$ z a qualification to any (fice or public tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! v>i\s /ate con/itutions1 :ile n s ?or\ghly & consi/5tly secul>i/ic z ! fundam5tal docum5t ( ! nation1 9 practically e in/ance conta9 a g5]al provision gu>antee+ religi\s lib]ty4 ,! legislatures & c\rts h (t5 en\gh betray$ _! tru/1 & h impos$ on ! p ( ! respective /ates measures ( ! grosse/ uncon/itutionality & ( ! mo/ %ock+ disreg>d ( private "r 9 ?is reg>d4 ,r>ely1 h[ev]1 is w>rant to be f\nd 9 a /ate con/itution = legislation look+ t[>d ! patronage ( any =m ( religion by ! /ate4 ,! num]\s exi/+ encroa*m5ts on our lib]ties are z unlawful z !y are immoral4 99 ,= a full] discussion ( ! pr9ciples ( ,secul>ism 7! democratic doctr9e ( absolute sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate7 & ( improp] religi\s legislation 9 ?is c\ntry1 see ,! ,am]ican ,secul> ,union 7,j4 ,f4 ,morton1 ,jr41 #e c5ts71 ,*ri/ian ,sabba? 7,j4 ,e4 ,remsburg1 #c c5ts71 ,congress & ,sunday ,laws 7#c c5ts71 ,! ,f\r? ,dem& 7,woolsey ,tell]1 #aj c5ts74 ,all = tale by ,! ,tru? ,seek] ,co4 ,,! ,,p ,,great] ,,?an ,,any ,,con/itution4 ,ev5 7 ! facts o!rwise1 democracy is great] ?an any con/itution2 & its vital pr9ciples w\ld rema9 valid4 ,f a democratic po9t ( view1 ! /ate has no "r to impose any religi\s obs]vance on a s+le individual1 nor to limit any ( 8 actions 9 accordance ) ! doctr9es ( any religion2 x has no "r to appropriate a s+le c5t ( public money = any religi\s purpose1 nor to ca/ its moral influ5ce = or aga9/ any religion or religi\s sect4 ,its pla9 duty t[>d all =ms ( op9ion conc]n+ religion is to ma9ta9 a p]fect neutrality1 & to treat all citiz5s on a plane ( absolute equality 9 ?is respect4 ,! /ate is (ficially nei!r ,*ri/ian nor anti-,*ri/ian4 ,x is simply an organization ( individuals = mutual protection & = ! m effective =w>d+ ( _! /rictly collective aims & int]e/s1 :i* are exclusively secul>4 ,! mom5t x passes beyond ^! b\nd>ies1 its actions become ultra vires & tyrannical4 ,z already %[n1 no?+ c be m completely & ess5tially a private matt] ?an religion4 ,:]e ! beliefs1 words or acts ( an individual d n affect ! equal rights ( any ( 8 fell[s1 s+ly or collectively1 ! /ate c "u no legitimate pretext int]f]e ) !m4 ,n only may x n int]f]e ) ! free ex]cise ( any =m ( religi\s wor%ip or ! p]=mance ( any religi\s acts n prop]ly prohibit$ on gr\nds ( public policy indep5d5t ( _! connection ) religion1 b x is guilty ( a flagrant d5ial ( equal ju/ice1 if x %[s ! slighte/ p>tiality to any =m ( religi\s or anti-religi\s belief1 or practices any discrim9ation aga9/ any su*4 ,x has no "r to help or enc\rage any or all =ms ( religion1 any m ?an to hamp] or disc\rage !m4 ,! "o ?+ to :i* !y are all1 f ,roman ,ca?olicism to ,a!ism1 entitl$ to receive f ! /ate on precisely equal t]ms1 is protection 9 ! peaceable ex]cise ( _! rights1 involv+ full lib]ty to spread _! respective doctr9es at _! own co/4 ,no hone/ cult w\ld ask = m1 & no self-respect+ s*ool ( ?\ght w\ld accept less4 ,:e!r any p>ticul> religion or religion z a :ole ?rives or decays1 is none ( ! /ate's bus9ess4 ,all x has to d is to give a free field to all1 & let !m succe$ or fail 9 proportion to _! own m]its & _! ability to conv9ce m5 & wom5 ( _! tru? & ( _! claim to support at ! h&s ( individuals4 ,,! ,,inequality ,,( ,,exemptions4 ,! exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation is a direct & unqualifi$ violation ( e "o ( ! =ego+ pr9ciples4 ,x is a d5ial ( ! f\ndation tru?s ( democratic gov]nm5t4 ,x is a mean & und]h&$ attempt to d indirectly :at _c be done m directly4 ,9 its ess5ce x is no?+ m or less ?an ! indirect support ( ! *ur* by ! /ate4 ,x is ! connivance ( ! /ate 9 ! pick+ ( ! pockets ( its citiz5s by ! *ur*4 ,e doll> ( taxation :i* ! *ur* is all[$ to dodge is "o doll> m laid on ! %\ld]s ( ! hone/ taxpay]s4 ,to exempt ! *ur* f taxation means to light5 its load at ! exp5se ( ! p4 ,x means t ! /ate helps to proselytize 9 ! int]e/s ( special cults4 ,! small] or incipi5t sects1 :i* own no l& or build+s1 are plac$ at a relative disadvantage1 reg>dless ( _! m]its comp>$ to ! old] & /rong] religi\s bodies4 ,! /ate rew>ds m]e acquisition 9 su* a way z to facilitate great] acquisition4 ,x helps ! /rong z aga9/ ! weak1 ! weal?y z aga9/ ! poor4 ,! trifle sav$ by ! small c\ntry *ur*1 ) its *eap /ructure locat$ on l& ( a nom9al value1 is relatively ( immeasurably less help to x ?an t giv5 to ! ri* city *ur*1 ) its magnific5t edifice erect$ on a plot wor? its t5s ( ?\s&s ( doll>s & con/antly appreciat+ 9 value4 ,ev5 z among ! *ur*es !mselves1 ! sy/em ( exemption works ?us unfairly & 9 ! direction ( conc5tration ( weal?4 ,x af=ds temptation to ! *ur*es to procure & hold mu* m l& ?an !y really ne$1 reg>dless ( ! gr[+ wants ( ! community4 ,talk ( ! e?ical & educational attributes claim$ = ! *ur* is :olly beside ! "q4 ,x is n ! bus9ess ( ! /ate to raise its rev5ues only f ! bas] elem5ts ( ! population4 ,z its private citiz5s d n pay taxes 9 proportion to _! lack ( virtu\s qualities1 s nei!r %\ld ! in/itutions :i* enjoy /ate protection4 ,our great philan?ropi/s1 sci5ti/s1 inv5tors & educators are n exempt f taxation on ! gr\nd ( ! great good !y are do+4 ,z citiz5s ( ! /ate & nation1 !y receive _! %>e ( social advantages1 & d n :9e ov] ! fact t !y are ask$ to pay _! quota t[>d ! ma9t5ance ( ^? advantages = ! common good4 ,_! good de$s 9 addition are volunt>y1 & n p]=m$ 9 ! expectation ( be+ p]mitt$ to %irk _! social obligations by way ( rew>d4 ,,*ur*es ,,doctr9al1 ,,n ,,moral4 ,no am\nt ( sophi/ry c disguise ! fact t ! *ur* is prim>ily a doctr9al organization4 ,no !ories ( sup]naturalism are ne$$1 9 ord] to tea* a pure morality1 f\nd$ on ! social relations ( human be+s4 ,if ! *ur* exi/$ prim>ily = e?ical purposes1 we %\ld n h ! spectacle ( "s hundr$s ( /ruggl+ sects1 ea* l\dly proclaim+ itself z ! great repository ( fundam5tal tru?4 ,! religi\s d5om9ations1 at _! be/1 are rival e/abli%m5ts1 vocif]\sly compet+ = public favor4 ,to say ?is1 is to ca/ no reflection on _! s9c]ity4 ,b ev5 ! highe/ degree ( s9c]ity does n necess>ily involve fre$om f error4 ,z mutually de/ructive !ories _c be alike true1 x foll[s z an imp]ative conclusion t n m ?an "o religi\s body c be entirely correct 9 its doctr9al =mulas4 ,all may be wrong2 all b "o mu/ be4 ,& if ! tru? re/s 9 a s+le religi\s sect1 !re exi/s no compet5t & :olly imp>tial arbit] to settle ! dispute 9 ! eyes ( ev]ybody4 ,ev5 if x 7 n a fact t majorities _c det]m9e tru?1 no "o d5om9ation has any?+ l a majority4 ,! l>ge/ s+le body is ! ,roman ,ca?olic4 ,yet ev5 ?is p[]ful body numb]s less ?an a six? ( ! population ( our c\ntry4 ,f> beh9d x comes ! ,me?odi/1 a mu* subdivid$ body4 ,ev5 if all its bran*es be c\nt$ z "o unit$ organization1 x includes less ?an "o 9 t5 ( ! population1 & is f> f conta9+ ev5 a majority ( ! ,prote/ant ,*ri/ians4 ,exemption f taxation is prim>ily assi/ance t[>d ! spread+ ( doctr9e4 ,inasmu* z only "o ( ! b5efici>ies ( ?is disguis$ /ate aid 7if ev5 "o7 is ! repository ( basic tru? unmix$ ) gl>+ error1 x foll[s t1 no matt] :]e ! tru? may lie1 at lea/ five-six?s & possibly an enorm\sly high] proportion ( ! money ?us releas$ = doctr9al proselytism repres5ts ! subsidiz+ by ! /ate ( :at is ma!matically prov$ to be false tea*+4 ,on ?is simple proposition all mu/ agree4 ,,! ,,prepond]ance ,,( ,,error4 ,if all religi\s bodies are exempt f taxation1 no memb] ( any "o ( !m c dispute ! fact t = e doll> :i* ! /ate indirectly contributes to ! cause ( tru?1 x gives f five to a ?\s& times z mu* to error4 ,if all b a m]e h&ful ( ! p accept$ "s "o cre$ z div9ely inspir$1 :ile exemption f taxation w\ld /ill be an unju/ifiable infr+em5t on ! rights ( ! m9ority1 !re w\ld at lea/ be "s plausibility 9 ! attempt to ju/ify x on ! gr\nd t ! balance ( probability might fairly be claim$ = ! views ( ! ov]:elm+ majority4 ,uns\nd z su* an argum5t w\ld be1 x w\ld possess an ov]:elm+ weight 9 comp>ison ) ! pres5t position ( ! tax exemptioni/s1 :o w\ld n m]ely leave ! enemy to s[ t>es amid ! :eat1 b w\ld !mselves fairly *oke ! good se$ ) a cru%+ prepond]ance ( f\l we$s4 ,if ! democratic pr9ciple ( sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate =bids ! manipulation ( public funds1 & by an obvi\s p>ity ( reason+ ! tax+ p[] ( ! /ate1 = ! promotion ( any giv5 sect :i* may possess ! :ole tru?1 ! g5]al subsidiz+ ( all sects1 s f> f be+ less obnoxi\s to objection f ! /&po9t ( hone/ adm9i/ration1 is ev5 m s1 s9ce x ensures ! survival ( a mass ( falsehood1 incapable ( be+ su/a9$ by its own unaid$ ef=ts4 ,x fo/]s ! less wor?y among ! sects1 :i* c\ld n w9 _! way by m]it2 & x insidi\sly corrupts ! m wor?y1 by invit+ !m to ?rive by p>asitism1 r ?an by appeal+ to ! =ce :i* resides 9 tru? & 9 ! consi/5t devotion to high ideals4 ,,! ,,p>tiality ,,( ,,exemption4 ,9 ?us grant+ an indiscrim9ate subsidy to a va/ numb] ( doctr9al bodies1 ! /ate violates ! fundam5tal doctr9e ( democratic neutrality & imp>tiality4 ,x favors a portion ( ! community at ! exp5se ( all ! re/4 ,! millions ( doll>s :i* are ?us giv5 back to ! *ur*es d n come out ( ! air1 b out ( ! pockets ( ! taxpay+ citiz5s4 ,x is ! wor/ =m ( taxation )\t repres5tation4 ,x places a premium on dogmatic fai?4 ,x is an e/abli%m5t ( religion 9 direct defiance ( ! _s ( ! ,con/itution4 ,contr>y to ! rudim5t>y pr9ciples ( democracy1 x places ! /ate 9 ! position ( =mally endors+ ! proposition t religion is a public function & n an affair ( ! private consci5ce4 ,x diff]s f m$ievalism only 9 degree1 b n a :it 9 k9d4 ,x is worse ?an robb+ ,pet] to pay ,paul2 x is robb+ ,pet] & ,paul to pay ,judas4 ,rights ( ,consci5ce ,disreg>d$4 ,n only is exemption f taxation a cov]t subsidy = ! spread ( doctr9al proselytism2 n only does x place ! /ate 9 ! position ( pay+ = ! circulation ( incomp>ably m error ?an tru?2 n only does x rob "p ( ! community = ! b5efit ( ano!r "p2 n only does x violate ! pr9ciples ( ju/ice & ( imp>tiality z among ! conflict+ beliefs ( its v>i\s citiz5s2 n only does x =ce ! taxpay]s to support religion1 :e!r !y wi% to d s or n2 n only does x unite *ur* & /ate 9 defiance ( democracy & equal lib]ty2 b x con/itutes a direct & delib]ate violation ( ! fundam5tal rights ( consci5ce4 ,x is n a m]e matt] ( mak+ individuals pay = t t[>d :i* !y are indiff]5t2 x is /eal+ _! money to assi/ 9 ! circulation ( dogmas :i* !y reg>d z positively p]nici\s & evil4 ,9 a democracy1 all citiz5s possess ! same rights1 & c lawfully be call$ ^u to surr5d] no fre$om or pr]ogative except = "s public end ( p>am\nt consequ5ce4 ,no majority1 h[ev] l>ge1 c (f] ! fa9te/ valid excuse = trampl+ on ! private convictions ( ! humble/ memb] ( society4 ,by all uncorrupt$ m9ds1 x w\ld be at once recogniz$ z ! mo/ gl>+ tyranny to dem& t any individual be compell$ to make public or private pr(ession ( a fai? 9 :i* he did n actually believe1 or t he be requir$ to p>ticipate 9 public wor%ip aga9/ ! dictates ( 8 own reason & consci5ce4 ,su* infamies h be5 p]petrat$ 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d2 b !y are n[ ju/ly abhorr$ by all :o h assimilat$ ! elem5t>y lessons ( civilization4 ,no long] are m5 & wom5 hunt$ d[n z h]etics = _! hone/ inability to believe t a mutt]$ prie/ly conjuration c turn a crack] into ! fle% ( a deity or a cup ( w9e into 8 blood4 ,no long] are ! fires ( p]secution k9dl$ = ^? ^: ma!matical tra9+ has made !m incapable ( accept+ ! p>adox t "o is ?ree & ?ree are "o4 ,! ?umbscrew & ! rack no long] puni% ) a hell on e>? all :o h too high an op9ion ( any ,god :om !y c conceive z exi/+ to believe t he is s vile a mon/] z to h prep>$ a hell beyond ! grave = any ( 8 own *ildr54 ,ev5 9 ! backw>d c\ntries :]e democracy & religi\s lib]ty are equally obnoxi\s to ! p[]s t make _! rule a curse to _! subjects1 & :]e ! mis]able ?+ kn[n z a /ate *ur* ?rives to ! fulle/ ext5t1 su* concessions to ! gr[+ dec5cy ( ! _w h be5 =c$ ^u a reluctant prie/craft1 t its v5om is l>gely drawn4 ,once 9 a long "t1 aft] ye>s ( pati5t & incalculably subtle plott+ = its nef>i\s end1 x may a*ieve a cr[n+ infamy1 su* z ! murd] ( a ,francisco ,f]r]2 & ev5 = ?is triumph x pays de>ly 9 ! end1 by ar\s+ aga9/ itself ! loa?+ ( all t is honorable on e>?4 ,9 ! ma91 h[ev]1 prie/craft1 gr[l z x may1 ev5 9 ! l&s :]e its /r5g? = mis*ief is greate/1 c only suppress free spee*1 free press & free assemblage2 indulge 9 acts ( petty p]secution1 :i* ar\se res5tm5t r ?an inspire t]ror2 puni% refusal to b[ to a religi\s procession or indulg5ce 9 ! expression ( hone/ op9ion ) f9e or relatively brief imprisonm5t4 ,x c annoy1 b x c no long] cru%4 ,,abuse ,,( ,,economic ,,p[]4 ,9 a l& ( democracy1 ev5 ^! la/ remnants ( ! sc\rge ( m$ievalism are wip$ out4 ,we look ) indignation & disgu/ at ! prie/-ridd5 c\ntries :]e a slavi% population submits to ! la% ( bigot$ despots1 & rejoice t our lot is ca/ "u a free] heav54 ,su* religi\s p]secution z may /ill be f\nd among u f9ds no w>rant 9 law4 ,x consi/s ( ! abuse by individuals ( _! economic p[] ov] o!rs4 ,9 any community :]e human be+s are f\nd vile en\gh to wi% to de/roy :at !y c ( ! happ9ess ( all :o d n pron\nce _! %ibbole?1 !y c only resort to private activity 9 ! way ( o/racism1 boycott1 blackli/+ & o!r weapons ( c[>dly malignance2 & ! /ate gives !m no c\nt5ance 9 _! crim9al ent]prises4 ,x is our pr\d boa/ t 9 ?is l& ( fre$om ! /ate protects e p]son 9 ! full ex]cise ( 8 "r to *oose 8 own religion1 & to ab/a9 f recognition ( any o!r4 ,:at a pity t words are n always equival5t to de$s6 ,s curi\sly comp\nd$ is ! human m9d t few are capable ( c>ry+ a pr9ciple to its logical conclusion4 ,9 "s matt]s1 a middle gr\nd is possible2 b !re c be no compromise 9 cases :]e ! slighte/ concession vitiates ! entire cont5tion ( "o side or ! o!r4 ,9 matt]s ( policy or ( tactics1 x is (t5 feasible & j t ea* ( ! cont5d+ p>ties %\ld rec$e some:at f its extreme dem&s1 9 ord] to break a deadlock1 or to promote good feel+2 & refusal to yield a non-ess5tial po9t may be ju/ly condemn$ z ob/9acy4 ,ev5 9 matt]s ( pr9ciple1 !re is no sacrifice ( "o's own sacr$ convictions 9 manife/+ respect = ! convictions ( o!rs4 ,b betwe5 manife/+ respect = ! views ( an oppon5t & surr5d]+ "o's own consci5ce to him1 !re is a great gulf fix$4 ,we may agree t tru? ne$s no artificial props1 & t no?+ c be saf] ?an to all[ ev5 ! mo/ flagrant error full lib]ty ( expression4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is some?+ v diff]5t f ourselves furni%+ ! m$ium ( expression = t :i* we believe to be false & p]nici\s1 & giv+ x ! unm]it$ advantage ( our moral sanction4 ,:5 we realize t exemption f taxation is z palpable a subsidy z direct appropriation ( funds = ! propagation ( ! doctr9es ( ! exempt$ in/itution1 & t e taxpay] mu/ n only be> a heavi] burd5 9 consequ5ce ( su* exemption1 b mu/ also1 ) or aga9/ 8 w1 be c\nt$ z "p ( ! organic social :ole :i* (ficially pron\nces 9 favor ( ! m]its ( su* doctr9es1 we imm$iately p]ceive t ! wrong done to ! citiz5s is n to be measur$ 9 doll>s & c5ts4 ,/&+ at ! p>t+ ( ! ways1 ! /ate delib]ately *ooses to foll[ ! pa? :i* leads 9 ! direction ( ecclesia/ical dom9ation ( ! prote/+ individual4 ,x d5ies ! sacr$ & blood-b\ght pr9ciple ( full religi\s lib]ty4 ,x ass]ts t ! private consci5ce ( ! individual is ! prop]ty ( ! community4 ,?is is ! !ory ( ! ,spani% ,inquisition1 & is diametrically ho/ile to democracy4 ,if ! /ate has ! "r to decree t its citiz5s1 reg>dless ( _! desires & convictions1 %all be =c$ to contribute to ! support ( ! *ur*1 x has an equal "r to decl>e t !y %all give _! "t z well z _! money to its upbuild+2 t !y %all att5d its s]vices & give x ! b5efit ( _! memb]%ip2 t !y %all refra9 f any ^w or de$1 public or private1 :i* may t5d to weak5 its influ5ce2 t !y %all submit all _! affairs to its guidance1 & %all obey its m9i/]s 9 all ?+s4 ,!re is no logical /opp+-po9t %ort ( ?is consi/5t application ( ! doctr9e t religion is a matt] ( public conc]n4 ,if ?is doctr9e be true1 e /ep away f ! ,middle ,ages has be5 a gha/ly mi/ake2 & we %\ld return 9 all rev]5ce & humility to ! ideas & ef=ts ( ,torquemada & ,simon de ,mont=t4 ,no p]son has a logical "r to condemn m$ievalism1 :o does n fully & consi/5tly accept ! democratic pr9ciple t religion is a /rictly private affair & t x is 9 no way ! bus9ess ( ! /ate to conc]n itself ) ! "q :e!r ! *ur* is to live or to die4 ,f ! democratic /&po9t1 ! *ur* is simply a volunt>y gr\p ( individuals1 :o hold c]ta9 beliefs & aims 9 common1 & :o h ! same "r z all simil> gr\ps to associate = ! c>ry+ out ( su* aims1 provid$ t !y d n involve lawlessness ( any k9d1 & to use _! own means 9 propagat+ _! ideas among su* m5 & wom5 z *oose to l5d a he>+ to !m4 ,l all o!r gr\ps ( law-abid+ m5 & wom51 x is entitl$ to protection aga9/ lawless int]f]5ce ) its peaceful & lawful activities1 :e!r ! majority ( ! community may approve or disapprove ( its specific doctr9es2 & x is b\nd1 9 its turn1 to refra9 f int]f]+ ) ! equal fre$om ( o!r gr\ps or individuals4 ,9 case ( a dispute1 ! /ate is ! prop] umpire1 n ) ref]5ce to ! tru? or ! :olesom5ess ( ! doctr9es pr(ess$ by ! *ur* or by its oppon5ts1 b solely ) ref]5ce to ! "q :e!r ! civil rights ( ei!r faction h be5 infr+$ by repres5tatives ( ! contr>y p>ty4 ,!re is no room "h = ! favoritism inh]5t 9 tax exemption4 ,?is measure _c satisfy ! claims ( ei!r democracy or m$ievalism4 ,x gives to prie/craft ei!r too mu* or too little4 ,,! ,,enemy ,,9 ,,disguise4 ,if ! *ur* is entitl$ to put its h&s 9 ! pockets ( individuals to fur!r its own purposes1 tax exemption is a c[>dly subt]fuge2 & ! honorable way w\ld be to ann\nce op5ly ! abrogation ( religi\s lib]ty & democracy1 z prov5 incompatible ) ! high] tru?1 & to require e individual1 z a lawful tribut>y ( ! *ur*1 to contribute directly to its support4 ,if ! *ur* has rightful au?ority ov] u all1 ! soon] we "k x ! bett]4 ,let u !n cease to prate ( fre$om1 & b[ our necks meekly to ! yoke4 ,let x be di/9ctly recogniz$ t ! prie/s are absolute ma/]s1 & t we ( ! common h]d h no human rights b ! duty simply ( passive submission4 ,9 su* a rev]sion to ! ,d>k ,ages1 !re w\ld at lea/ be ! m]it t we %\ld at la/ h done ) ! mis]able hypocrisy :i* pays lip-s]vice to democracy1 :ile insidi\sly mak+ ! /ate ! tool ( ecclesia/ical influ5ces4 ,we %\ld "k ! wor/1 & c\ld *oose :e!r to submit or to raise ! bann] ( op5 revolt aga9/ an undisguis$ enemy & usurp+ despot4 ,z ?is happ5s to be ! tw5tie? c5tury1 & z ! pet dream ( ! ,vatican t 9 "s way ! _w may be br\ght to return to ! degradation & s]vitude ( ! t5? c5tury is "o =tunately doom$ to disappo9tm5t1 few beyond an occasional ,spani% ,jesuit or an irresponsible ,billy ,sunday w reg>d ! =ego+ program z possible or desirable ( realization4 ,no matt] h[ untrue we may be to our democratic ideals1 we "k 9 our inmo/ m9ds & he>ts t ! progress & well-be+ ( humanity dep5d on _! realization4 ,we d n propose to take a s+le /ep backw>d into ! d>kness ( ! pa/1 or to =feit any ( ! lib]ties already won ?r\gh c5turies ( /ruggle4 ,x is too late 9 ! _w's hi/ory to dispute ! "r ( private consci5ce4 ,all t is necess>y is to realize h[ f> t "r actually ext5ds1 & n to be *eat$ by a remnant ( reaction>y tradition4 ,?is be+ true1 tax exemption is at once doom$ 9 ! c\rt ( enlight5$ morality1 s9ce we unite 9 reject+ its logical implications4 ,if prie/hood has no lawful p[] ov] our private actions1 x has no "r to claim a subsidy at our exp5se4 ,:at x may n d directly1 x has no "r to d indirectly4 ,if we may n be compell$ to a full support ( ! *ur*1 x is no?+ %ort ( l>c5y to require u to r5d] ev5 a p>tial assi/ance to its propag&a4 ,we ask no discrim9ation aga9/ x1 b simply t x be requir$ to ex]cise its functions at its own co/1 support$ by ! volunt>y contributions ( ^?1 & ^? only1 :o believe 9 its doctr9es & its me?ods1 & :o desire to help x4 ,?is is simply common hone/y1 to :i* ! *ur*1 z ! pr(ess$ expon5t ( ! high] e?ics1 %\ld be ! fir/ to give its en?usia/ic adhesion4 ,,pay+ ,,tribute ,,to ,,positive ,,evils4 ,! s9 aga9/ private consci5ce becomes ! m gl>+1 :5 x is consid]$ t 9 ! eyes ( _m individual citiz5s ! cre$s & conduct ( c]ta9 at lea/ ( ! *ur*es repres5t n m]ely error1 b positive evil4 ,x is irrelevant to ass]t t ^! citiz5s are :olly mi/ak54 ,none ( u be+ infallible1 _! op9ion is entitl$ to ! same consid]ation z t ( anybody else4 ,! exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation =ces !m1 z citiz5s ( a secul> /ate1 to pay tribute to :at _! consci5ces condemn z organiz$ vice4 ,! tea*+s ( ! ,mormon *ur* are ana!ma to _m1 s mu* s t 9 m ?an "o o!rwise law-abid+ community mission>ies ( ?is fai? are ev5 d5i$ a he>+ & are subject to p]secution1 :i* naturally /r5g!ns !m 9 ! conviction t !y are suff]+ = righte\sness' sake4 ,yet ! ,mormon *ur* is a b5efici>y ( tax exemption1 no less ?an any o!r ,*ri/ian sect2 & e citiz5 mu/ pay a high] tax1 9 ord] to put money into ! treasury ( ?is gigantic fraud & to enable x to c>ry on its propag&a m fruitfully4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic confessional1 its celibate prie/hood1 its non-produc+ & p>asitical monks & nuns1 are held 9 holy horror by _m consci5ti\s ,prote/ants1 :o look ^u ^! features z conducive to vice & z reek+ ) immorality4 ,e "o ( ^! ,prote/ants1 h[ev]1 is =c$ by ! /ate to pres5t ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur* ) a portion ( 8 e>n+s1 & ?us to provide x ) ! means ( increas+ its p[] = evil4 ,9 l mann]1 ! zeal\s ,ca?olic1 :o is c]ta9 t ,prote/antism is dragg+ millions ( s\ls to hell1 & :o e>ne/ly believes t m>ri$ pa/ors s9 aga9/ ,god & lead o!rs away on ! road to p]dition1 mu/ help pay = ! p]petuation ( ?is m9i/ry ( ,satan4 ,! lib]al sects1 :i* ?und] aga9/ ! villa9y ( cre$s t drive human be+s mad ) despair by visions ( an imag9>y hell & fi]y devils1 _c protect _! adh]5ts f be+ compell$ to enri* ! purveyors ( ^! hateful & injuri\s dogmas4 ,nor c ! or?odox d5om9ations1 on ! o!r h&1 escape f ! outrage\s condition :i* requires _! memb]s to pay = ! circulation ( ,unit>ian & ,univ]sali/ tea*+s1 :i* !y reg>d z ! mo/ hide\s & s\l-de/roy+ blasphemy4 ,9 ! logroll+ attempt to give e hog a *ance at ! tr\gh1 ! only result is t nobody's consci5ce is free f violation4 ,,t\*+ ,,! ,,pocket ,,n]ve4 ,z = ! va/ numb] ( ! un*ur*$1 !y might z well h no civic rights :atev]1 = all ! att5tion t is paid to _! s9c]e convictions4 ,9 defiance ( ! elem5t>y "r ( religi\s lib]ty1 s s$ul\sly pr(ess$ by politician & prie/1 millions ( our citiz5s are in=m$ t if !y are n memb]s ( "s *ur*1 & s gett+ _! %>e ( access to ! swag1 x is _! own fault2 & t !y h no "r to compla9 ( ! robb]y ( :i* !y are victims4 ,s9ce x is impossible to apply direct =ce1 9 ord] to make e individual become a *ur*man1 ! next be/ ecclesia/ical s*eme is to soak him 9 ! pocketbook = n do+ s4 ,9 o!r words1 ! /ate is us$ z a tool to =ce m5 & wom5 into ! *ur* on ! gr\nd ( pecuni>y self-int]e/4 ,! proposition is a brutally pla9 "o4 ,if !y jo9 ! *ur*1 !y get some?+ = ! money /ol5 f !m 9 ! %ape ( increas$ taxation2 if !y rema9 outside1 ! add$ tax is a dead loss4 ,! idea is wor?y ( corrupt political hirel+s ( a deg5]ate *ur*1 :i* is out = no?+ b pr(it4 ,if ?is is mod]n ,*ri/ianity1 x is fit only = p]sons dead to all s5se ( honor & ( %ame4 ,if all in/itutions or gr\ps ( l-m9d$ individuals receiv$ ! b5efit ( tax exemption1 a bett] def5se might be made ( ! practice1 al?\gh x w\ld /ill involve an inju/ice t[>d ^? :o are p]fectly good & useful citiz5s1 9 spite ( _! *oice n to p>ticipate 9 ! affairs ( any organization4 ,b ! favoritism ext5d$ to bodies ( a religi\s nature is at once invidi\s & unju/4 ,:ile ! :ole !ory ( our gov]nm5t is ho/ile to special privilege1 ! *ur* arrogates to itself ! "r to be made an exception1 & to become a p>ticul> pet4 ,x ard5tly craves p>asitism1 & is n d5i$ its wi%4 ,:5 o!r gr\ps ( citiz5s meet toge!r to consult ov] _! common affairs1 or to engage 9 common activities1 !y are n paup]iz$ by ! community4 ,if !y occupy l& & build ^u x1 !y pay _! %>e ( ! public burd51 bas$ on ! prop]ty !y possess1 j l any o!r p]son or p]sons1 & d n sell _! self-respect = ! sake ( sav+ a few doll>s4 ,x rema9s = ! "o in/itution :i* con/antly puts on airs ( sup]ior virtue1 & :i* expects to take front seats on all occasions & to h ev]ybody k[t[ to x1 to come ) ! begg>'s :9e1 & to dem& *>ity ( ! /ate4 ,its di%one/y is only excell$ by its impud5ce4 ,,*ur*es ,,n ,,public ,,in/itutions4 ,! *ur* _c be he>d to claim t x is a public or a quasi-public in/itution4 ,x ex]cises no public function ( any description :i* %\ld w>rant grant+ x immunity f ! g5]al laws b9d+ on all memb]s ( ! community4 ,its mission is to prea* some?+ :i* x calls ! gospel4 ,by its own insi/5t decl>ation1 x d]ives its au?ority to tea* solely f ! be+ :om x wor%ips z its deity499 ,x is n 9 any s5se commission$ by ! /ate or by ! p1 & asks no p]mission ( ei!r to c>ry out its purposes4 ,its memb]s are held toge!r by a body ( doctr9e accept$ by !m all2 & !y ma9ta9 a =m ( wor%ip :i* !y c\nt pleas+ 9 ! sight ( _! ,god4 ,if !y are mi/ak51 x is labor & devotion ?r[n away2 if !y are "r1 !y w be individually & collectively rew>d$ by heav51 ei!r 9 ?is life or 9 "s o!r4 ,all ?is is /rictly _! own bus9ess & t ( _! deity4 ,x does n conc]n ! /ate 9 any way :atev]4 ,! /ate has no means ( kn[+ :e!r !y are "r or wrong1 & is n be+ s]v$ 9 any way by _! c]emonials4 ,its "w & !irs d n lie p>allel 9 a s+le respect4 ,! fur!r function ( ! *ur*1 z a *ur*1 is simply to seek to conv]t o!rs to ! body ( dogma :i* x puts =w>d z ! message ( ,god to man & ! revelation ( ! div9e w4 ,"h1 aga91 ! /ate is 9 no way conc]n$1 provid$ ! alleg$ div9e w is n an incitem5t to any =m ( lawlessness or crime4 ,if ! attempt at proselytism fails1 ! community is 9 no way affect$2 & if x succe$s1 ! /ate receives no possible b5efit1 & owes ! *ur* no?+ = ! putt+ =? ( its activities4 ,z ,god is ! only possible b5efici>y ( ! *ur*'s ef=ts1 x is = him to pay its taxes991 if x is itself unable to d s4 ,! /ate is "u no moral compulsion to dis*>ge 8 obligations4 ,if he does n see fit to come to ! rescue ( 8 ne$y repres5tatives1 _! conclusion mu/ logically be t he expects !m to pay _! own bills4 ,! *ur*1 l e o!r organiz$ or unorganiz$ gr\p ( human be+s1 receives c]ta9 def9ite & regul> s]vices f ! /ate1 :i* co/ money to r5d]1 & :i* create a debt j z palpable z ! debt to ! c>p5t] :o builds ! meet+ h\se or ! coalman :o furni%es fuel to keep x w>m4 ,if ! *ur* _h any adequate conception ( common hone/y1 x w\ld pay its taxes )\t a :imp] & z a matt] ( c\rse991 j z x pays its gas bills or settles any ( its acc\nts ) individuals4 ,x does n in=m its private cr$itors t x %\ld be exempt f paym5t = s]vices r5d]$1 j because x is a religi\s body2 & x w\ld be giv5 small %rift by any c\rt1 %\ld x attempt to evade su* claims on su* a gr\nd4 ,z little has x a moral "r to take f ! public )\t return+ an equival5t 9 mat]ial remun]ation4 99 ,ev5 by a miracle if necess>y4 ,x is record$ t :5 ,jesus 0 call$ ^u to pay taxes 9 ,cap]naum 7,matt1 xvii7 he made no argum5t = exemption1 b /raightway dispat*$ 8 disciple ,pet] aft] ! didra*ma1 ) :i*1 x is assum$1 ! debt to ! community 0 dis*>g$4 ,,! ,,no-,,pr(it ,,sophi/ry4 ,a weak attempt to ju/ify *ur* graft consi/s 9 ! affirmation t x is engag$ 9 purely altrui/ic labors1 & is n a pr(itmak+ in/itution4 ,x is n engag$ 9 any op5ly comm]cial und]tak+4 ,salvation is free1 & all are welcome to its ine/imable bless+s4 ,! sophi/ry & lack ( +5u\sness :i* make x possible to pres5t su* an argum5t ) a /raight face c sc>cely be *>act]iz$ 9 p>liam5t>y language4 ,x fairly reeks ) self-evid5t fallacies4 ,fir/ ( all1 if ! *ur* *ooses to run its affairs on a non-pr(it basis1 t is /rictly its own bus9ess1 & does n conc]n ! /ate 9 any way4 ,if x has no prop]ty1 x escapes taxation z a matt] ( c\rse1 l ! individual :o has no?+4 ,b if x is able to own prop]ty1 x imm$iately incurs a specific obligation to ! /ate1 :i* is totally indep5d5t ( ! use x makes ( its prop]ty4 ,! man :o retires f bus9ess1 & lives on 8 income1 is n !nce=w>d exempt$ f all taxation1 because he is no long] mak+ money4 ,nor does x s]ve z an excuse t he is mak+ no pr(itable inve/m5ts1 b is us+ up 8 b>e capital1 & is sp5d+ 8 "t & "p ( 8 means 9 philan?ropic "w4 ,9 spite ( all ?is1 he is a memb] ( society1 & mu/ meet 8 obligations z su*1 :5ev] ! tax collector comes ar\nd4 ,! same is true ( an organization4 ,! *ur* takes up j z mu* space1 receives z mu* social protection & z mu* b5efit f e civic improvem5t1 :e!r x is mak+ money or n4 ,! /ate does n =bid x to make money or to engage 9 comm]cial ent]prises2 & its failure to d s is purely volunt>y1 & is entirely irrelevant to ! dis*>ge ( its pecuni>y obligation to organiz$ society4 ,its privileges may be free2 b :at does t mean to ^? :o c\nt !m z wor?less8 ,x is a *eap evasion ( responsibility to (f] 9 lieu ( ! specific paym5t ( a debt1 to r5d] ! cr$itor "s =m ( alleg$ s]vice = :i* he has no possible use1 & :i* means no?+ :atev] to him4 ,?is rema9s true1 ev5 if ! unbeliev] is "u ! spell ( error1 & ought to appreciate ! bless+s ( religi\s c\nsel4 ,! dance may be "o ( ! mo/ beautiful =ms ( art2 b if ,v]non ,ca/le (f]$ to dis*>ge a monet>y obligation to a bl9d cr$itor by ! execution ( ! mo/ wond]ful ,t]psi*orean evolutions 9 8 pres5ce1 !re w\ld be no paym5t ( ! debt1 ev5 ?\gh ! arti/ic p]=mance might be intr9sically wor? f> m ?an ! sum ow$1 & w\ld be readily s apprais$ by all :o _h _! eyes4 ,no matt] h[ valuable religi\s ex]cises may be 9 !mselves1 nor h[ mu* satisfaction !y may give ^? :o believe 9 !m1 ! civil rights ( ! unbeliev] rema9 on a p> ) ^? ( ! believ]2 & x rema9s true t ! (f] by ! *ur* ( un-desir$ s]vices c 9 no way con/itute an obligation4 ,let ! *ur* be support$ by ^? :o accept its (f]1 & :o desire to pr(it by its privileges1 su* z !y are4 ,?is rema9s no affair ( o!r p]sons1 or ( ! /ate4 ,! b5efits ( religion are subjective & /rictly p]sonal2 & ! /ate is 9 no way qualifi$ to pass on _! value4 ,to say t non-*ur*m5 %\ld help pay ! exp5ses ( ! *ur* because !y c become *ur*m5 if !y wi% to d s1 is to say t a debt c be contract$ )\t a consid]ation4 99 ,n t ! *ur* always reg>ds ! paym5t ( its private debt z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,hunt+ton ( ,grace ,episcopal ,*ur*1 ,new ,york city1 & ,william ,r4 ,/ew>t1 "o ( ! *ur* w>d5s1 9 #aijh ask$ an ar*itect1 ,j4 ,/ew>t ,b>ney by "n1 to prep>e plans = ext5sive & exp5sive alt]ations 9 ! *ur* build+4 ,! ar*itect did ! "w 9 good fai? & to ! full satisfaction ( ! *ur*1 b 0 delib]ately *eat$ out ( 8 pay on ! pretext t1 ?\gh ! *ur* want$ ! "w done1 knew & approv$ ( its be+ done1 receiv$ & 0 fully pleas$ ) ! b5efits ( x1 yet x _h n te*nically au?oriz$ its pa/or & w>d5 to give ! ord]6 ,grace *ur* is "o ( ! weal?ie/ religi\s bodies 9 ,new ,york4 ,su* is ,*ri/ian honor & morality1 ! exalt$ "* ( :i* is suppos$ to lay ! community "u a burd5 ( gratitude t[>d ! *ur*6 ,,! ,,*ur*',s ,,comm]cial ,,aspects4 ,x is n /rictly true1 h[ev]1 t ! *ur* is 9 no s5se a pr(it-mak+ in/itution1 or t x has no comm]cial aspects4 ,if ! *ur* 7 n successful 9 a bus9ess s5se1 x c\ld n accumulate prop]ty or capital1 & w\ld n h to worry ab\t exemption4 ,!re are m ways ( mak+ pr(its ?an by /raight buy+ & sell+4 ,an organization :i* is able to play on ! hopes & fe>s1 ! sup]/itions & s5tim5ts1 ! beliefs & en?usiasms ( its memb]s & ( ^? :o come "u its spell1 & !reby to secure ! means ( buy+ l&1 erect+ build+s & pay+ v curr5t exp5ses1 _c hone/ly pret5d to be a purely b5evol5t society4 ,let its tea*+s be true or false1 good or bad1 ! pr9ciple is precisely ! same4 ,x receives money f individuals1 :o believe t !y receive1 9 spiritual1 to "s ext5t 9 intellectual & e/hetic & ev5 9 physical values1 an adequate return = :at !y pay4 ,?is is a pla9 bus9ess proposition1 :e!r ! value is really !re or n4 ,! fact t no def9ite price is fix$ = ! s]vices1 b t paym5t is at lea/ nom9ally volunt>y1 is :olly irrelevant4 ,a re/aurant conduct$ on ! lib]al plan ( eat :at y l1 & pay :at y ?9k x is wor?1 w\ld be no less a bus9ess ent]prise1 & its prop]ty taxable z su*4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 bus9ess m5 9 "s l9es h actually be5 kn[n to foll[ a simil> plan4 ,h[ successful ! *ur* has be5 9 ?is reg>d may be se5 by ! enorm\s weal? :i* v>i\s *ur* corporations h acquir$1 always "u ! claim ( be+ non-pr(it-mak+ in/itutions4 ,tr9ity ,*ur* corporation ( ,new ,york owns hundr$s ( h\ses1 & pays taxes on "s #ae1-jjj1jjj wor? ( prop]ty1 :i* x _c d5y t x uses = purely comm]cial purposes1 besides its imm5se hold+s ( valuable l& & build+s claim$ to be us$ by x only = wor%ip & h5ce exempt f taxation1 am\nt+ to approximately an equal value4 ,:]e did ,tr9ity *ur*1 :i* keeps up ! %am ( repres5t+ ! fai? ( ! poor ,naz>5e re=m]1 :o _h n :]e to lay 8 head1 & :o liv$ ma9ly by h&-to-m\? *>ity1 get ! means ( pur*as+ "s #cj1jjj1jjj wor? ( prop]ty1 if x is a purely non-pr(it-mak+ in/itution1 :i* has hone/ly foll[$ its alleg$ ma/]'s express injunction to take no ?\ght = ! morr[1 & to lay n up treasure on e>?8 ,exemption on t "p ( its prop]ty us$ exclusively = wor%ip1 by sett+ free a l>ge proportion ( ! moneys accru+ to x f its memb]s & b5efactors1 :i* w\ld o!rwise h be5 us$ 9 pay+ its debt to ! community1 enabl$ x to use its surplus 9 inve/m5ts :i* 7 ( a directly comm]cial nature4 ,"o h& wa%es ! o!r1 & ! /ate is ! dupe ( ! pi\s leg]dema94 ,a ,,/rictly ,,ca% ,,bus9ess4 ,ev5 ! religi\s & c]emonial features ( ! *ur* are n free f comm]cialism4 ,! ,roma9 ,ca?olic *ur* repres5ts ! extreme example ( ! money-mak+ aspect ( religion4 ,its audacity 9 pret5d+ to des]ve consid]ation z an organization devot$ purely to wor%ip1 & 9 no s5se to pr(it1 is beyond ! p[] ( words to *>act]ize z x des]ves4 ,! dupe ( papi/ry pays1 9 good1 h>d1 curr5t co91 = all t he gets1 & = a great deal m ?an ! actual value t he receives4 ,= ! pi\s & cr$ul\s ,ca?olic1 life is "o long litany ( pay1 pay1 pay1 :]ev] ! prie/ & ! *ur* are conc]n$4 ,! %\t+ ,me?odi/ may be satisfi$ to yell t salvation is free1 & to take a *ance on ! collection z a means ( defray+ ! high co/ ( deliv]y on ! free article2 b ! ,roman ,ca?olic prie/ kn[s a bett] trick4 ,x is /rictly a ca% bus9ess ) him4 ,! ,ca?olic believ] mu/ pay 8 little t5 c5ts e ,sunday = ! privilege ( sitt+ on a h>d b5*1 & li/5+ to a c]emony v little ( :i* is intelligible to him4 ,9 ord] to cat* him 9 all ! relations ( life1 & to entangle him 9 a network f :i* !re is n ev5 a mom5t>y escape1 ! a/ute hi]>*y has devis$ a s]ies ( no less ?an sev5 sacram5ts4 ,s clev]ly is ! s*eme arrang$ = ! trapp+ ( cr$ul\s flies t a consi/5t ,ca?olic c take sc>cely an important /ep 9 life )\t incid5tally pay+ tribute 9 "s =m to ! *ur*1 ! mo/ monum5tal begg> hi/ory has kn[n4 ,e real or pret5d$ s]vice ( ! *ur* has its price1 & no evasion is tol]at$4 ,! confessional & ! sy/em ( p5ance are f9ely con/ruct$ to :e$le or fright5 m money out ( ! ignorant & susceptible4 ,! gre$y prie/ hov]s ab\t ! sickb$1 ready to take any possible advantage ( human weakness4 ,! pati5t or 8 relatives may be r$uc$ to a suffici5t /ate ( imbecility to seek ! aid ( ! *ur*'s pret5d$ miracle sy/em or ( "s ( its holy relics4 ,if recov]y seems hopeless1 !re is always ! pleas+ possibility ( coax+ or bulldoz+ ! half dead & m5tally decay$ victim to make a w 9 favor ( ! *ur*1 no matt] :at cruel & unju/ deprivations are !reby impos$ on helpless dep5d5ts4 ,:at w\ld be bas5ess 9 any o!r human be+1 becomes transmut$ into ! mo/ exalt$ virtue on ! "p ( ! prie/2 & any graft is p]missible & comm5dable1 f ! ,romi% viewpo9t1 if ! *ur* is ! b5efici>y4 ,an imm5se traffic is c>ri$ on 9 all sorts ( consecrat$ objects = ! greate/ v>iety ( purposes4 ,ev5 at dea?1 ! *ur* does n relax its hold1 b has concoct$ ! prepo/]\s fable ( purgatory1 9 ord] to keep its fooli% dupes cont9ually pay+ out money = :i* no?+ :atev] is giv5 9 return4 ,!n !re are all sorts ( indulg5ces & disp5sations = ^? able & will+ to pay = !m1 besides ! practical co]cion by :i*1 "u ! guise ( volunt>y b5efic5ce1 ! slave ( sup]/ition is cont9ually mulct$ = v>i\s alleg$ ne$s ( ! *ur*4 ,,free-,,w ,,(f]+s ,,n ,,always ,,volunt>y4 ,! ,prote/ant *ur*es adopt a diff]5t me?od1 n q s successful 9 dragg+ ! h>d-e>n$ dimes out ( ! worn purse ( ! poor wa%]woman or 9 /eal+ ! copp]s (f ! eyes ( ! corpse1 b reasonably efficaci\s4 ,!y1 too1 to at lea/ "s ext5t make m]*&ise out ( ! h\se ( ! ,"l4 ,! pew r5t sy/em is z pla9 a bus9ess affair z ! buy+ ( seats 9 a !atre4 ,! collection is ! mo/ important item 9 almo/ e ,prote/ant religi\s s]vice4 ,x is nom9ally volunt>y1 b !re are num]\s ways ( inflict+ acute m5tal discom=t on ^? :o d n come up lib]ally to ! help ( ! ,"l4 ,by skillfully play+ on ! emotions ( ! congregation1 & if possible induc+ 9 !m a /ate ( hy/]ia1 an a/ute moneyseek] l ,simpson ( ! ,*ri/ian ,alliance or ,billy ,sunday ( ! gutt] gospel c induce a sc>$1 madly excit$1 hypnotiz$ cr[d to help ! ,"l to ! ext5t ( ?\s&s ( doll>s1 none ( :i* c be recov]$ by ! victims on ! next day1 :5 !y h become sob]$ & a%am$ ( _! fit ( spiritual intoxication4 ,& ! *ur* has ! ph5om5al impud5ce to boa/ t ! money ?us trick$ out ( p]sons r$uc$ to a fr5zy 9 :i* !y did n "k :at !y 7 do+ 0 volunt>ily donat$6 ,l>ge funds are also secur$ by ?is non-comm]cial in/itution ?r\gh *ur* fairs1 grab bags1 special ent]ta9m5ts & o!r devices :i* are held to be decid$ly comm]cial :5 c>ri$ on by worldly p1 b :i* become my/]i\sly sanctifi$ :5 conduct$ = ! b5efit ( ! *ur*4 ,! claim t ! *ur*1 z a non-comm]cial in/itution1 is entitl$ to ! k9d *ap]onage ( ! /ate 9 ! %ape ( exemption f ! obligation ( pay+ its hone/ debts1 besides be+ bad & invalid 9 itself1 has n ev5 ! poor m]it ( re/+ on a basis ( fact4 ,moreov]1 s9ce !re are pl5ty ( o!r noncomm]cial in/itutions1 :i* pay taxes l any o!r conc]n1 no reason is giv5 :y ! *ur* %\ld be ! "o special pet4 ,social & recreative in/itutions are n conduct$ = pr(it1 nor are ,sociali/ic or ,an>*i/ic gr\ps1 ! prop]ty ( :i* is n exempt f taxation4 ,all ( ^!1 l ! *ur*1 meet ! desires or gratify ! ta/es ( individuals1 & are ( ! greate/ subjective value to ^? to :om !y appeal1 :ile wor?less to ev]ybody else1 & 9 no way connect$ ) ! legitimate functions ( society 9 its collective aspect4 ,h5ce none ( !m c ju/ly make ! slighte/ claim to be exempt$ f ! duty ( r5d]+ to ,caes> t :i* is ,caes>'s4 ,,t[>d ,,! ,,conc5tration ,,( ,,weal?4 ,exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation is a delib]ate invitation to ! conc5tration ( weal?1 9 opposition to its equitable di/ribution4 ,:ile social re=m]s are /ra9+ e n]ve to devise & apply effective me?ods = ! break+ d[n ( monopoly1 ! policy ( favoritism t[>d ecclesia/ical bodies is build+ up ! evil 9 its mo/ aggravat$ =m4 ,if ! *ur*es really reg>d$ !mselves z simply tru/ees ( ! res\rces plac$ 9 _! h&s by private b5evol5ce & /ate favor1 & sp5t all or practically all t !y receiv$ = ! b5efit ( humanity1 "s def5se1 ?\gh ev5 !n an insuffici5t "o1 might be made ( ! practice ( tax exemption4 ,! t5d5cy1 h[ev]1 is :olly 9 ! rev]se direction4 ,! m ! *ur*es receive1 ! m prop]ty !y accumulate1 he$less ( ! /]n w>n+ ( ,isaiah1 ! iconocla/ic ,hebrew re=m]1 :o1 accord+ to tradition1 0 sawn asund] = (f5d+ ! prie/s & ! k+ by ! h]etical doctr9e t ,jehovah w\ld h m]cy & n sacrifice & pref]r$ social ju/ice to religi\s c]emonialism4 ,woe1 cri$ ! prophet1 unto !m t jo9 h\se to h\se1 t lay field to field1 till !re be no room1 & ye be made to dwell alone 9 ! mid/ ( ! l&6 ,x ne$s no exp]t k ( political economy to compreh5d h[ readily untax$ prop]ty c be made to multiply4 ,%>+ all ! social advantages1 & be>+ none ( ! social burd51 its own]s c bide _! "t ?r\gh all ! tips & d[ns ( ! m>ket1 sure to ga9 9 ! end4 ,all ?+s come to him :o is 9 a position to wait longe/4 ,:ile ! possessions ( o!rs are automatically limit$ by ! effective li5 plac$ on !m by ! tax+ p[]1 ! *ur*es c placidly increase _! hold+s to _! he>ts' cont5t4 ,9 ! long run1 !y c outbid competitors1 :o mu/ add ! co/ ( annual taxation to ! orig9al paym5t = ! prop]ty acquir$4 ,safe 9 ! evasion ( _! civic duties1 !y h no?+ to d b to gr[ ri*] & ri*]4 ,pay+ no taxes1 !y become indep5d5t ( ! /ate1 an imp]ium 9 imp]io1 a p[] rival+ t ( organiz$ society itself4 ,,weal?y ,,*ur*es1 ,,impov]i%$ ,,p4 ,no class 9 ! community c gr[ /eadily ri*] )\t caus+ o!r classes to gr[ relatively poor]4 ,! two t5d5cies are halves ( ! same process4 ,if a l>g] & l>g] p]c5tage ( ! l& falls into ! possession ( a giv5 in/itution1 x is ma!matically demon/rable t a great] numb] ( individuals mu/ rema9 l&less & homeless1 & t ! co/ ( access to ! rema9+ l& 9 ! community mu/ become great] & great]1 mak+ x h>d] & h>d] = ! common citiz5 to live4 ,untax$ prop]ty 9 any community adds heavily to ! common burd54 ,t ?is is n m]e speculation may be se5 by a glance at hi/ory1 :]e x w be f\nd 9 l& aft] l&1 & 9 c5tury aft] c5tury1 t favoritism to ! *ur*1 :]ev] tol]at$1 has wr\ght incalculable evil to ! p1 l>gely ?r\gh ! heavy accumulation ( weal? by ! ecclesia/ical body4 ,s un5durable has ! condition become t 9 c\ntry aft] c\ntry ! only possible relief 0 f\nd to be ?r\gh :olesale confiscation1 ?us settl+ acc\nts at "o /roke4 ,?us1 ,h5ry ,,viii ( ,engl& became a re=m] 9 spite ( himself1 & ?\gh p]sonally a di%one/ tyrant ) few if any r$eem+ features1 at lea/ conf]r$ a la/+ bless+ on ! p ( ,engl& by =c+ ! *ur* p>asites to disgorge enorm\s values :i* _h become means ( ! mo/ intol]able oppression4 ,france & ,portugal1 ?\gh = c5turies /aun* ,ca?olic c\ntries1 f\nd ! weal? ( ! *ur* & ! impov]i%m5t ( ! p to g regul>ly h& 9 h&1 & 7 f9ally =c$1 9 decree+ ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate1 to adopt /r+5t measures = break+ ! monopoli/ic p[] ( ! hi]>*y4 ,! ,philipp9e insurrection aga9/ ,spa9 0 l>gely an upris+ ( an outrag$ p aga9/ ! prie/s & fri>s1 :o 7 com+ to own ev]y?+1 & to r$uce ! population to a /ate ( vassalage4 ,! "p play$ by ! prie/hood ( ,mexico 9 ! impov]i%m5t ( ! p1 :ile ! *ur* rev5ues wax$ great] & great]1 is famili> to all :o are acqua9t$ ) ! causes :i* h br\ght t unhappy l& to a /ate ( *aos & :olesale blood%$4 ,,"s ,,results ,,( ,,! ,,sy/em4 ,l t5d5cies are to be obs]v$ z a result ( exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation1 :]ev] ! false pr9ciple is 9 vogue1 ! only v>iance be+ "o ( degree4 ,9 ,montreal1 = in/ance1 we h a /rik+ example ( ! effect ( :olesale exemptions4 ,9 #aiac1 :5 ! evil _h rea*$ its height1 & relief 0 imp]atively dem&$1 ! *ur* _h already come to own no less ?an "o-f\r? ( ! real e/ate 9 ! community4 ,?is 0 simply ! logical outcome ( favor+ ?is class ( l&hold]s at ! exp5se ( all o!rs4 ,! ,montreal provisions 7 unusually lax1 ?us ha/5+ ! inevitable result2 b !y did n diff] 9 pr9ciple f ^? ( ! ,am]ican /ates :i* favor monopoly by leav+ *ur* prop]ty untax$4 ,! case ( ,tr9ity ,*ur* ( ,new ,york city1 already cit$1 ) an accumulation ( ab\t #cj1jjj1jjj 9 prop]ty1 is om9\s ( ! fe>ful possibilities ( an indef9ite cont9uance ( ! policy ( p]mitt+ "o gr\p ( citiz5s to prey ^u all ! re/4 ,! "o mission>y society nam$ = ,/4 ,paul ! ,apo/le1 9 ! same city1 owns n less ?an fifte5 lots ( l&1 apprais$ at v>i\s am\nts f #bejj to #aa1jjj ea*1 & is /ill add+ to its accumulations4 ,x w\ld be h>d to conceive ( a m un:olesome /ate ( affairs2 & ! process cont9ues ) unabat$ cel]ity4 ,! p]il aga9/ :i* ,engl& f\nd x necess>y to provide 9 ! ,/atute ( ,mortma9 is a v pres5t "o4 ,if *ur* prop]ty is to be p]man5tly exempt$ f taxation1 x is n difficult to see h[ an enorm\s p]c5tage ( all ! prop]ty ( ! community may ultimately come to be ti$ up 9 ! h&s ( ^! weal?y ecclesia/ical corporations :i* h already made s sub/antial a beg9n+ 9 ?is direction4 ,we are jeop>diz+ ! rights & lib]ties ( future g5]ations4 ,9 ?is connection1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t no?+ is /ation>y4 ,! m9ds ( m5 *ange f age to age2 & t :i* appe>s to "o g5]ation to be ! mo/ root$ly e/abli%$ tru?1 is 9 ! c\rse ( a few decades completely reject$4 ,religion is no exception to ! g5]al rule4 ,! ,greek1 ! ,roman1 ! anci5t ,norse gods h _h _! day2 & n a wor%ip] rema9s on e>? to b[ be=e _! alt>s4 ,*ri/ianity may likewise pass2 already its active devotees =m b a m9ority ( ! population4 ,& if ,*ri/ianity z a :ole may ultimately rel9qui% ! field altoge!r1 x is /ill m unlikely t ! t5ets ( any p>ticul> sect kn[n today %\ld hold p]man5t sway ov] ! m9ds & consci5ces ( s9c]e m5 & wom54 ,we are all[+ hundr$s ( millions ( doll>s ( prop]ty to be insidi\sly )drawn f ! community1 & ti$ up 9 ! h&s ( great corporations :i* 9 fifty or a hundr$ ye>s w be ! m]e %ells ( s\lless organizations4 ,we are mak+ x possible = !m to become our economic ma/]s1 long aft] m5 & wom5 %all h ceas$ to f9d spiritual nutrim5t 9 any "p ( _! cre$s4 ,by :at species ( casui/ry does any p]son ?9k x possible to put ?is =w>d z sane public policy8 ,o judgm5t1 ?\ art fl$ to bruti% bea/s1 ,& m5 h lo/ _! reason6 ,,tru? ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,is ,,no ,,te/4 ,if ! argum5t has ?us f> be5 conduct$ f ! /&po9t ( ! outsid]1 x is n int5d$ to imply t ! case aga9/ ! exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation re/s 9 any fundam5tal way on ! assumption t ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/ianity or ev5 ! cre$s ( ! *ur*es are false4 ,on ! contr>y1 e mo/ mat]ial gr\nd = condemnation ( ! practice 9 "q w\ld cont9ue to be valid1 ev5 if ! tru? ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e 7 assum$ z a />t+-po9t4 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 is ! express utt]ance put into ! m\? ( ,jesus by 8 biograph]4 ,?is obvi\sly implies ! pr9ciple ( absolute religi\s lib]ty1 s f> z ! secul> /ate is conc]n$4 ,! ,*ri/ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t disclaim$ ! int5tion ( con/ra9+ ! actions ( unwill+ foll[]s4 ,ev5 ! man :o _h resolv$ to betray him 0 suff]$ to g =? 9 peace ) ! exhortation3 ,:at ?\ doe/1 d quickly4 ,9 no "p ( 8 tea*+ is !re w>rant = religi\s dom9ation ( ! /ate1 or = control ov] ! private actions ( individuals4 ,! only p5alty = disob$i5ce 0 )drawal f ! privilege ( communion ) him4 ,ev5 ! passage ( dubi\s au!nticity :i* smacks mo/ ( ecclesia/ical judgm5t ( ! individual1 goes no f>!r ?an to prescribe excommunication f ! fell[%ip ( ! sa9ts4 ,let him be to !e z ! ,g5tile & ! publican1 involves at mo/ no m ?an an injunction to )draw p]sonal companion%ip f ! unwor?y4 ,x is by man's own consci5ce & by ! judgm5t ( ,god 9 ano!r _w t ,jesus expects evildo+ to be puni%$4 ,x nev] occurs to him to make religion a /ate affair4 ,nay1 x is possible to come clos] home to ! pres5t subject4 ,unlike ! *ur*1 :i* mutt]s ,"l1 ,"l1 b dep>ts f 8 tea*+ & example :5ev] its conv5i5ce is promot$ by do+ s1 ,jesus decid$ ?is v "q on ! side ( hone/y & ju/ice4 ,:5 ?is exact issue 0 plac$ be=e him1 he n only paid 8 taxes1 b pla9ly decl>$ ! duty ( s do+1 ev5 ?\gh ! exi/+ gov]nm5t 0 "o impos$ by ali5s4 ,t1 unlike ! *ur* :i* mocks tru? by misus+ 8 "n to cov] its utt] antagonism to all t 0 vital 9 8 tea*+s1 he 0 s poor t he mu/ ne$s "w a miracle 9 ord] to obta9 ! tribute money1 9 no way t\*es ! po9t at issue4 ,! fact rema9s t he refus$ to take advantage ( 8 exceptional position1 b set ! example ( pay+ 8 tax to organiz$ society4 ,if ! ,"l ( ! *ur* recogniz$ ! obligation ( p]=m+ 8 civic duty1 despite ! fact t he 0 ! exemplification ( ! religi\s pr9ciple1 by :at "r does 8 *ur* make itself m highly privileg$ ?an its ma/]1 & seek to set itself above ! /ate8 ,,h[ ,,jesus ,,met ,,! ,,dem& ,,= ,,taxes4 ,n satisfi$ ) example1 ,jesus is quot$ z sett+ =? ! pr9ciple specifically & unequivocally 9 pla9 words4 ,! repres5tatives ( ,judaism put ! "q to him pla9ly4 ,is x lawful to give tribute unto ,caes>1 or n8 ,!re c\ld be no dodg+ ! issue4 ,!y :o inquir$ ( him /ood = ! *ur* ( 8 p]iod1 ! *ur* :i* he himself recogniz$ z su*4 ,!y 7 intru/$1 said ,paul1 ) ! oracles ( ,god4 ,jesus himself ref]r$ to _! temple z ! h\se ( ,god1 & indignantly drove f its prec9cts ! trad]s :o s\ght to comm]cialize ! sacr$ enclosure4 ,x 0 8 cu/om to att5d ! synagogue1 & occasionally to take an active "p 9 ! s]vice4 ,if ! m9i/]s ( sacr$ ?+s are rightfully exempt f taxation1 ! ,jewi% nation1 con/itut+ z a :ole a prie/hood to ,god1 z ! *annel ( 8 revelation to man1 might surely1 f ! /&po9t ( ! fai?ful ,bible believ]1 claim t exemption4 ,nor 7 indications want+ t !y !mselves felt s1 & look$ ^u x z blasphemy to ass]t ! contr>y4 ,9 ! hope to fa/5 a *>ge ( ei!r blasphemy on ! "o h&1 or s$ition on ! o!r1 on ! w&]+ tea*]1 !y eag]ly await$ 8 answ]4 ,:5 x came1 x 0 unansw]able4 ,r5d] unto ,caes> ! ?+s t are ,caes>'s1 & unto ,god ! ?+s t are ,god's4 ,caes> 0 ! "l ( ! co9age :i* bore 8 image & sup]scription1 ,god ( ! ?\ghts ( _! he>ts & _! private lives4 ,h5ce1 ! =m] rightfully laid claim to ! tribute :i* enabl$ ! public treasury to c>ry on n only ! "w ( ! co9age1 b all o!r public works ( a secul> "*2 :ile ! latt] w\ld hold !m 9 ! end acc\ntable = _! failure to obey 8 comm&m5ts1 summ$ up 9 ! injunction to love ! ,"l ?y ,god ) all ?y he>t1 & ) all ?y s\l1 & ) all ?y /r5g?1 & ) all ?y m9d2 & ?y neighbor z ?yself4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,ph>isees1 to :om ,jesus laid d[n ! law 9 favor ( ! paym5t ( hone/ taxes1 & ! *ur*es1 :o are call$ ^u to-day to p]=m ?is elem5t>y civic obligation1 lies simply 9 ! great] impud5ce ( ! latt]4 ,! int]locutors ( ,jesus1 says ! text1 m>vel$1 & left him1 & w5t away4 ,x is n /at$ t !y proce$$ to m5d _! ways1 & to become hone/2 b !y at lea/ _h ! dec5cy n to attempt to bluff !mselves out ( a false position4 ,confront$ ) ! same issue1 ! *ur*es ( our "t reject ! comm&s ( _! alleg$ "l & ma/]1 & consult only _! own gre$ ( pr(it4 ,!y w *eat bo? ,caes> & ,god out ( :at is due4 ,t :i* !y !mselves hypocritically pret5d to adore z ! ^w ( ,god !y spit on 9 _! actual p]=mance1 by delib]ate disob$i5ce4 ,9 spite ( ! almo/ unlimit$ capacity ( human nature to deceive itself1 x is practically incr$ible t !y c s]i\sly believe 9 ! pu]ile sophi/ry by :i* !y seek to conjure up pretexts = /eal+ ! public rev5ues4 ,! "o pla9 reason is t !y want ! money1 & are n hone/ en\gh to d _! duty to ! /ate :i* %elt]s & fo/]s !m4 ,!y "k ?is p]fectly well1 h[ev] glib !y may be 9 try+ to p]suade ! cr$ul\s t 9 *eat+ ! community out ( "p ( its rev5ues !y are actuat$ only by ! highe/ & holie/ motives1 & t ! fact t !y happ5 to be b5efici>ies ( ! /eal is m]ely an irrelevant co9cid5ce4 ,x is possible t !re are /ill m>9es1 to :om su* a tale c be told4 ,9 ju/ice to s9c]e believ]s 9 ,*ri/ianity1 :o d n make _! piety a cloak = gre$ & di%one/y1 x %\ld be /at$ t a consci5ti\s m9ority 9 ! *ur*es has consi/5tly accept$ ! pr9ciple ( religi\s lib]ty & ( equal ju/ice & has /eadily prote/$ aga9/ e infr+em5t ( ! secul> pr9ciple1 ev5 :5 ! abuse seem$ to favor _! own int]e/s4 ,,am]ica',s ,,fir/ ,,secul>i/4 ,! fir/ great voice rais$ on ^! %ores = ! complete sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate 0 t ( ! ,bapti/ prea*] ,rog] ,williams1 f\nd] ( ! ,rhode ,isl& colony1 :i* z a /ate has prov$ 9 ! latt] days "o ( ! wor/ traitors to ! _s ( democratic ju/ice4 ,:ile ! ,bapti/ *ur* z a :ole has become no m loyal to religi\s fre$om ?an any o!r1 & has ?us *eaply & basely surr5d]$ its once glori\s h]itage1 x has always embosom$ individual memb]s :o c\ld n =get t ! f\nd]s ( _! sect suff]$ p]secution to ! dea? = proclaim+ full fre$om ( consci5ce1 & = decl>+ t ! /ate c\ld n lawfully m$dle ) affairs ( religion4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,alvah ,hovey1 = _m ye>s head ( ! fam\s ,newton 7,mass47 ,!ological ,sem9>y1 wrote m ?an "o book 9 :i* ! pr9ciples ( ,secul>ism 7 proclaim$ 9 full measure f ! /&po9t ( or?odox religion1 & en=c$ by numb]less argum5ts drawn f ! ,bible & f !ological lore4 ,! relatively small sect ( ,sev5? ,day ,adv5ti/s is con/antly active 9 fight+ = ! complete sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate1 ma9ta9+ ) ardor t ,*ri/ianity /&s 9 no ne$ ( patronage f human gov]nm5t4 ,inde$1 x is amaz+ t any ,*ri/ian1 :o is n play+ a "p1 b truly believes 9 ! div9e orig9 ( 8 fai?1 c come to any o!r conclusion4 ,if ! *ur* is ( ,god1 x w live & conqu]1 ?\gh all m5 =sake x1 & ne$s n ! feeble prop ( political favor2 if x is ( man1 & mu/ !re=e risk failure unless bol/]$ up by artificial aid & by /ate subsidy1 !re is no reason :y anybody n directly int]e/$ 9 its prosp]ity %\ld wi% to pres]ve x4 ,:e!r ( ,god or ( man1 x is 9 no legitimate s5se ! w>d ( ! /ate4 ,9 rec5t ye>s1 num]\s *ur* memb]s are beg9n+ to h "s inkl+ ( ^! tru?s1 & to express _! will+ness to r5\nce ! adult]\s union ) ! politicians4 ,at ! he>+s be=e ! ,committee on ,taxation ( ! ,new ,york ,con/itutional ,conv5tion1 9 ,june1 #aiae1 = example1 prea*]s & laym51 repres5tatives ( individual *ur*es & ( ,m5's ,*ri/ian clubs1 appe>$ 9 favor ( aboli%+ ! exemption f taxation enjoy$ by ! *ur*es4 ,!y did s1 n z enemies ( ! *ur*1 b z its mo/ f>-sight$ fri5ds4 ,?or\ghly believ+ 9 its div9e mission1 !y 7 conv9c$ t x c\ld n af=d to make itself dep5d5t on graft = its v life4 ,,! ,,g5u9e ,,%\ld ,,be ,,consci5ti\s4 ,f ! ,*ri/ian /&po9t1 ! argum5t aga9/ *ur* exemption is z unansw]able z t f ! /&po9t ( ! indep5d5t citiz54 ,a %am ,*ri/ian1 to :om ! *ur* is a means ( gett+ ahead 9 ! _w1 & ^: pr(ession ( fai? is a cloak to cov] 8 gre$ & egotism1 or a means ( pur*as+ popul>ity & bus9ess success at any easy rate1 may f9d x natural to c>ry ov] into 8 religi\s life ! _s ( comm]cialism ) :i* he g\ges 8 fell[m5 e day 9 8 bus9ess relations4 ,x is only natural t su* a "o %\ld be impati5t ( any attempt to introduce e?ical consid]ations into a "q ( self-advantage2 = to him x is axiomatic t any way ( gett+ money )\t be+ arre/$ is good en\gh = himself & !re=e good en\gh = ! *ur*1 hone/y be+ m]ely a "q ( keep+ out ( ! clut*es ( ! police4 ,he is s ignorant ( ! v elem5ts ( morality t he does n ev5 "k t he is a hypocrite1 & t ! k9d ( ?+ :i* /&s = religion to him is z wor?less z ! *eap v>ni% :i* con/itutes 8 imag9>y respectability4 ,to su* z he1 *ur* exemption is ju/ifi$ by ! fact t ! *ur* is clev] en\gh to get away ) x4 ,a g5u9e believ] 9 ! ,*ri/ian revelation1 h[ev]1 w wi% ! *ur*1 z its div9ely commission$ repository1 to keep itself unspott$ f ! _w4 ,he w insi/ t1 s f> f seek+ its private advantage by que/ionable means1 :i* may by casui/ry be made to appe> def5sible1 x %all conceive ( itself z a city set on a hill1 :i* _c be hid1 & %all1 9 all ?+s & at any sacrifice1 let its light %9e be=e m51 t by reason ( its good works & spotless "* x may prove t x is ( ,god1 & n ( m54 ,9 case ( d\bt1 he w dem& t x refuse to set an example :]eby ! weake/ obs]v] may be caus$ to /umble4 ,) a ke5] jeal\sy = its purity ?an t ascrib$ to ! anci5t ,roman1 :o decl>$ t ,caes>'s wife mu/ be above suspicion1 he w insi/ t x avoid ! v appe>ance ( evil4 ,su* a believ] w nev] be f\nd 9 ! halls ( legislation1 h[l+ = ! loaves & fi%es1 & ask+ t a secul> /ate /ultify itself by /eal+ money f its individual taxpay]s1 9 ord] to subsidize ! proselytism ( ! sects4 ,& a *ur* compos$ ( su* s9c]e believ]s w n give occasion to ! enemy to blaspheme by evad+ its obligations ?r\gh %all[ quibbles ab\t its moral influ5ce 9 ! community1 b w pref] to give a practical demon/ration ( its boa/$ moral quality by will+ly pay+ its hone/ debts4 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,h>m$ ,,by ,,graft4 ,l all false pr9ciples1 ! habit ( accept+ a subsidy f ! /ate does n fail to br+ h>m to ! *ur* itself1 z ! intellig5t & high-m9d$ among its fri5ds are beg9n+ to realize4 ,x is n ) impunity t an individual or in/itution adopts p>asitism z a basic condition ( exi/5ce4 ,at ! ,new ,york he>+ already ref]r$ to ! ,rev4 ,*>les ,t4 ,t]ry1 pa/or ( ! ,brick ,presbyt]ian *ur* ( ,new ,york ,city1 did n hesitate to av] t ! removal ( ! exemption graft w\ld kill _m *ur*es4 ,a div9ely orda9$ in/itution is inde$ 9 a p>l\s /ate :5 x has no %ame 9 confess+ t x is dep5d5t = its v life on ! favor ( ! politicians1 its ,god hav+ totally =sak5 x4 ,su* an organization is bett] dead4 ,if ! alleg$ div9e head ( ! *ur* is n able or will+ to pres]ve x1 9 accordance ) 8 emphatic promise1 ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w1 x is pla9 ei!r t 8 promises are spuri\s1 & h5ce ! :ole ,*ri/ian fabric re/s ^u impo/ure & des]ves to p]i%2 or t ! *ur* :i* fails = lack ( div9e aid is a pret5d] & n ! real body ( believ]s :om he is pl$g$ nev] to =sake4 ,let ^? s-call$ ,*ri/ians1 :o cl+ frantically to ! legislature in/ead ( to ,*ri/ = ! pres]vation ( ! ag5cy = prea*+ 8 gospel1 take :i* horn ( ! dilemma !y please4 ,e =m ( union ) ! /ate has n m]ely made ( ! *ur* an in/rum5t ( oppression by reason ( its pref]r$ position & ! artificial p[] ?us conf]r$ on x1 b has be5 poison to ! *ur* itself4 ,its political alliance inv>iably sullies :atev] primitive purity x may be believ$ to possess4 ,no p]son hav+ fai? 9 its spiritual mission & anxiety to see x kept unspott$ f ! _w & fai?ful to its high call+ c fail to oppose e entangl+ alliance :i* may t5d to corrupt x 9 ev5 ! smalle/ degree4 ,9 !ory1 ! *ur* %\ld be purg$ ( all motives ( self-int]e/1 & devot$ solely to ! good ( mank9d4 ,exemption f taxation & ! lobby+ necess>y to ma9ta9 ?is special privilege infallibly defeat its alleg$ aims4 ,9 ! scramble = political favors1 x le>ns ! tricks ( practical politics at ! exp5se ( ! unselfi% devotion by :i* alone x c\ld ju/ify its claims to spiritual lead]%ip4 ,x ga9s mat]ial weal? at ! co/ ( its own high] purpose4 ,x unconsci\sly le>ns to reg>d money z ! *ief object ( atta9m5t1 & to compromise its /]n] pr9ciples = self-advantage4 ,facilis desc5sus ,av]no is ! motto ov] its d[nw>d pa?4 ,,arm+ ,,*ur* ,,oppon5ts4 ,ev5 if ! *ur* c\ld1 by "s miracle :i* has nev] yet be5 v\*saf$ to x1 reta9 its purity ( "* :ile rema9+ ! recipi5t ( /ate graft1 ! crippl+ ( its influ5ce w\ld cont9ue4 ,if x wi%es to w9 ! _w to its gospel1 x does ill to put ! mo/ pot5t ( argum5ts 9 ! m\?s ( its enemies4 ,let ,*ri/ians make no mi/ake on ?is po9t4 ,s long z ! *ur* cont9ues to mulct ! taxpay]s = its own pr(it ?r\gh ! exemption ( its prop]ty f taxation1 x w be held by ! multitude to give ! lie to its own pr(essions2 & x w drive ?\s&s ( e>ne/ seek]s = tru? away f its doors4 ,we d n g to a ?ief = lessons 9 ! high] morality4 ,if rejection ( ! ,*ri/ian message means ! loss ( immortal s\ls1 _! de/ruction lies on ! heads ( ^? repres5tatives ( ,*ri/ianity :o prize a few doll>s /ol5 f ! p at a high] rate ?an ! privilege ( com+ =w>d ) clean h&s1 & be+ li/5$ to ) respect & 9 a tea*able _s by ^? ^: e>s are n[ seal$ aga9/ ! admission ( ! gospel message by _! unconqu]able di/ru/ & contempt = ^? :o come ) lessons ( moral & spiritual uplift1 b ^: h&s are ta9t$ by ! acceptance ( graft f politicians :o nev] give )\t expect+ an equival5t 9 return4 ,9 receiv+ ?is di%one/ money ! *ur* is n only guilty ( an immoral act1 b is legitimately subject to _m suspicions ( unwor?y conduct ( :i* x may be innoc5t1 b :i* x has deb>r$ itself f be+ 9 a position to refute4 ,x has ?us ti$ its own h&s ) ref]5ce to its real "w ( b5efit+ ! spiritual natures ( human be+s4 ,:e!r ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/ianity are true or false1 ! adult]\s union ( *ur* & /ate creates a reasonable & j bias aga9/ !m1 & prev5ts !m f hav+ a fair he>+4 ,^? :o believe t ! et]nal salvation ( mank9d hangs on ! acceptance ( ^! tea*+s are1 f _! own /&po9t1 incurr+ a fe>ful responsibility 9 plac+ s huge a /umbl+-block 9 ! way ( inquir+ m9ds4 ,!y h no reply1 & c only hang _! heads 9 %ame1 :5 we outsid]s %>ply dem& :at value a religion c h = mank9d if x _c bre$ common hone/y ev5 9 ! in/itution :i* embodies x & :i* has no o!r function ?an to spread its tea*+s4 ,,*ief ,,def5se ,,( ,,*ur* ,,subsidies4 ,s9ce no corrupt condition has ev] want$ = apologi/s1 x is n surpris+ t self-int]e/ has prompt$ _m voluble spokesm5 = ! *ur*es to ca/ ab\t = plausible argum5ts 9 favor ( a sy/em by :i* !y fatt5 on avoidance ( responsibility4 ,:ile mo/ ( su* attempts to excuse ! inexcusable h already be5 refut$ 9 advance1 a brief summ>y ( ^? curr5tly employ$ is desirable1 z reveal+ _! utt] ineptitude4 ,9 practically e case1 x becomes self-evid5t t !y are n ! true reasons = *ur* exemption1 b work$ up by way ( aft]?\ght4 ,hav+ already decid$ to rob u1 on q o!r gr\nds1 our plund]]s sit d[n to devise speci\s phrases :i* may s]ve to cajole _! victims4 ,9 reality1 ! exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation is1 ( c\rse1 a survival f ! times :5 x 0 frankly reg>d$ z ! duty ( ! /ate to support ! *ur* & to en=ce ! dogmas ( religion4 ,?is m$ieval view hav+ pass$ away1 s f> z ! enlight5$ memb]s ( ! community are conc]n$1 ! subsidiz+ ( ! *ur* by ! /ate %\ld h p]i%$ ) x2 b s9ce ! *ur*es d n wi% to lose _! easy money1 !y h manufactur$ pretexts = ! cont9uance ( ! favoritism to :i* !y are self-evid5tly n entitl$ 9 a l& & an age ( religi\s lib]ty & equality4 ,! *ief def5se ( *ur* graft is bas$ on ! claim t religion is ! supreme moral ag5cy ( ! community4 ,?is argum5t is f\nd 9 _m =ms1 & is highly elaborat$ by ^? :o put x =w>d4 ,boil$ d[n1 x expresses ! po9t ( view t ! *ur* is a volunt>y adjunct ( ! police p[]2 t x less5s crime1 & !re=e directly saves exp5se & tr\ble to society1 = :i* exemption f taxation is only a reasonable return4 ,9 "p1 ?is argum5t has already be5 te/$ & f\nd valueless4 ,! *ur* claims a k+dom1 :i* is n ( ?is _w1 & its ma9 bus9ess is to create subjects = t k+dom4 ,to receive salvation1 fai? is all-ess5tial1 moral "* be+ subsidi>y4 ,a s+le act ( p5it5ce may atone = a lifetime ( crime4 ,! great "w ( ! *ur* is to develop fai?1 )\t :i* ! righte\s de$s ( ! pure/ & be/ man on e>? are no?+ b fil?y rags4 ,! vile/ murd]]1 conv]t$ "u ! fe> ( be+ pres5tly precipitat$ into a yawn+ hell1 & hav+ no fur!r opportunity to enjoy life on ?is e>?1 may pass directly f ! gall[s or ! electric *air to ! bosom ( ,jesus1 :ile 8 innoc5t victim1 /ruck sudd5ly dead )\t a *ance to reflect on possibilities beyond ! grave1 has sunk to ev]la/+ p]dition 9 spite ( possess+ a "* above reproa*4 ,is ?is ! =m ( doctr9e calculat$ to raise ! moral tone ( ! community8 ,let x n be repli$ t ?is is ! antiquat$ !ology :i* ! lib]al & mo/ ( ! or?odox *ur*es h long s9ce outgr[n4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is ! tea*+ ( ! entire ,roman ,ca?olic *ur* & ( ! l>ge/ section ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*4 ,9 its co>se/ & crude/ =m1 x has 9 our own day be5 prea*$ to huge audi5ces f "o end ( ! c\ntry to ! o!r by ! spectacul> evangeli/1 ,billy ,sunday1 z ! only true ,*ri/ianity2 & ?is o!rwise negligible religi\s m\ntebank has receiv$ ! explicit endorsem5t ( ! pr9cipal evangelical organizations & an ov]:elm+ majority ( ! or?odox prea*]s 9 e "o ( ! l>ge/ & a multitude ( ! less] cities ( our l&4 ,! *ur*es 9 :i* ?is repulsive & vici\s doctr9e is taught receive mu* ! l>g] %>e ( ! b5efit f tax exemption4 ,,d\ble ,,price ,,= ,,salvation4 ,b f a social po9t ( view ! case is ev5 m s]i\s4 ,x is n ! mo/ intellectual & ref9$ classes :i* ev5 ! wilde/ zealot w claim to /& 9 special ne$ ( religion to re/ra9 !m f crime & f all =ms ( conduct calculat$ to injure _! neighbors 9 ! community1 b ! mo/ ignorant & crude2 & x is precisely ^! latt] types :i* rema9 totally imp]vi\s to highly develop$ =ms ( religi\s expression1 & ?rong to ! ,ca?olic ca!drals & ! revival meet+s ( ! ,billy ,sundays & ,gipsy ,smi?s1 :]e belief is emphasiz$ above integrity ( "*4 ,j ^? p]sons :o may be assum$ to ne$ :atev] e?ical elem5t is to be f\nd 9 religion are ^? :o receive ! lea/ ( x4 ,if1 9 spread+ its gospel ( fai? & ob$i5ce to ecclesia/ical sup]iors1 ! *ur*es incid5tally lead an occasional individual to a m hone/ & upright social life1 ?is result is simply a by-product ( ! religi\s op]ation1 & creates no claim on ! /ate4 ,9 reclaim+ ! d[n-fall51 ! *ur* w9s ano!r support] = itself1 & adds a s\l to ! k+dom4 ,9 seek+ a subsidy f ! /ate1 x =egoes its high] pret5sions1 & seeks to be paid d\ble = a "w :i* x und]took on its own acc\nt4 ,if x is "p ( ! function ( ! *ur* to tea* morality1 s is x "p ( ! function ( ! home2 & 9 ! av]age dec5t home !re is mu* m specific1 concrete & effective tea*+ ( good morals1 br\ght closely home to ! individual1 ?an !re is 9 ! be/ ( *ur*es4 ,yet ! home does n claim exemption f taxation because ( its moral influ5ce4 ,z has be5 sugge/$ else:]e1 ! argum5t z to moral influ5ce spe$ily leads to a r$uctio ad absurdum1 imply+1 z x does1 t all taxes %\ld be rais$ f ! vici\s & immoral elem5ts 9 ! community--t crim9als %\ld be ! only taxpay]s1 or t taxes %\ld be levi$ on citiz5s & in/itutions 9 inv]se ratio to ! moral "* & e?ical influ5ce ( ea*6 ,e legitimate ent]prise ( any description ex]cises a :olesome moral influ5ce 9 ! community1 & directly b5efits society 9 "o way or ano!r2 & ! *ur*1 ev5 tak+ x at its own valuation1 is b "o ( _m in/itutions :i*1 :ile exi/+ prim>ily = ends ( _! own1 are incid5tally ( b5efit to society z a :ole4 ,:y %\ld x be ! only "o to dem& a favoritism incompatible ) self-respect or ) ju/ice to its fell[s8 ,! "q z to ! exemption ( educational1 *>itable & c]ta9 o!r in/itutions ne$ n "h be rais$ to confuse ! issue4 ,ea* ( ^! mu/ be settl$ on its own m]its4 ,x is en\gh to sugge/ t :]e _! prim>y function1 l t ( ! *ur*1 is some?+ ) :i* ! /ate is n directly conc]n$1 !y fall 9 ! same category1 & h no "r to any subsidy4 ,:]e1 h[ev]1 _! entire "w is direct$ t[>d meet+ a recogniz$ly collective ne$1 :i* ! /ate f9ds x less practical or satisfactory to dis*>ge 9 a m direct mann]1 exemption f taxation is prop]ly invok$ z an indirect means ( accompli%+ ! social end4 ,! impropriety ( exempt+ any sect>ian or p>tisan in/itution results f ! entire argum5t h]e9 conta9$4 ,z to non-p>tisan & non-sect>ian in/itutions1 ! "q ( propriety is "o ( fact1 to be det]m9$ by ! be/ public judgm5t 9 accordance ) ! =ego+ pr9ciple4 ,,belief ,,& ,,crim9ality4 ,:ile ! argum5t has ?us f> proce$$ on ! assumption t ! *ur*1 9 spite ( c]ta9 que/ionable tea*+s1 is to be tak5 at its own valuation z a moral ag5cy1 fidelity to tru? dem&s ! pla9 /atem5t ( ! fact t su* def9ite p>ticul>s z are available fail to be> out ! claims s positively put =w>d4 ,?is is especially true ( our crim9al /ati/ics4 ,ev5 on ! mo/ g5]\s calculations1 ! *ur* memb]%ip ( ! c\ntry embraces consid]ably less ?an half ( ! population4 ,if ! *ur* 7 s p[]ful a moral factor z its support]s decl>e x to be1 we %\ld expect to f9d ! av]age crim9al a :olly irreligi\s be+1 ) no contact or sympa?y ) ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,:at we actually obs]ve is t ( all ! crim9als 9 p5it5ti>ies 9 ?is c\ntry1 n less ?an #ge p] c5t1 are ( ,*ri/ian antec$5ts & pr(ess a belief 9 religi\s dogmas2 :ile ! numb] ( ,*ri/ian prea*]s convict$ ( crime is s l>ge z to be almo/ incr$ible1 9 spite ( ! fact t mo/ cases ( m9or cl]ical (f5ses & "s ( ! m s]i\s ones are sy/ematically hu%$ up1 to avoid public sc&al = ! *ur*499 99 ,see ,religion & ,rogu]y1 by ,frankl9 ,/e9]4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by ,! ,tru? ,seek] ,co4 ,also ,crimes ( ,prea*]s1 = sale by ! same4 ,price1 #ce c5ts1 ,b5efit ( cl]gy1 ?\gh !oretically z obsolete z x is inexcusable 9 a secul> democracy1 is kn[n to all :o are on ! inside to be a tangible fact 9 our l& today4 ,x is "o ( ! =ms ( indec5t favoritism ( :i* ! *ur* & its ag5ts are always eag] to avail !mselves4 ,9 any "o ( ! annual reports ( ! ,society = ! ,suppression ( ,vice1 ! read] may obs]ve t ! late ,an?ony ,com/ock1 ?\gh an excessively pi\s ,*ri/ian & hat] ( all =ms ( unbelief1 be>s reluctant te/imony 9 tabul> =m to ! ov]:elm+ prepond]ance ( religi\s (f5d]s among ^? ^: convictions he has secur$4 ,= example1 ! total numb] ( arre/s = crimes aga9/ ! obsc5ity & lott]y laws f ,m>*1 #ahgb1 to ,janu>y1 #aiae1 0 #c1fda4 ,( ^! 7annual report = #aiad7 #ajgh 7 ,jews1 #ifd ,ca?olics1 #ied ,prote/ants1 & #efd ( no kn[n religion1 leav+ only #hj to be di/ribut$ among ! sev]al classes ( ,free?9k]s1 ,spirituali/s & hea!n4 ,! figures speak = !mselves4 ,turn+ f /ati/ics to sci5tific crim9ology1 we f9d abundant confirmation ( ! close relation betwe5 religion & crime4 ,s f> f be+ a re/ra9t1 religi\s fai? ( a v int5se sort is commonly f\nd closely associat$ ) crim9al t5d5cies1 & is "o ( ! mo/ m>k$ *>act]i/ics ( ! typical crim9al4 ,?is conclusion1 unpalatable ?\gh x is to ! def5d]s ( ! *ur*es1 is irrefutably prov5 valid by ! mo/ compet5t obs]v]s4 7,see ,! ,crim9al1 by ,havelock ,ellis1 f\r? edition1 pages #ahe-aij1 ) facts & citations f ,f]ri1 ,g>(alo1 ,casanova1 et al47 ,let x n be ?\ght t ! writ] is "h attempt+ to prove t religion is a frequ5t cause ( crime4 ,x is en\gh to %[ t x is practically inop]ative z an inhibition4 ,! _m good m5 & wom5 :o are also pi\s put ! c>t be=e ! horse 9 cr$it+ _! religion ) _! moral "*4 ,:atev] e?ical elem5ts ! high] =ms ( religion conta9 9 !ory1 x is n ^! on :i* ! incid5ce is laid 9 religi\s tea*+ or 9 ! p]=mance ( religi\s c]emonies4 ,consequ5tly1 no matt] h[ mu* is said 9 ! *ur*es ( righte\sness1 z an obs]v$ sociological fact religion has little to d ) x1 "o way or ! o!r4 ,! good man or woman1 on becom+ religi\s1 rema9s good2 ! bad man or woman does n cease to be bad because ( possess+ a /rong religi\s fai? & p>ticipat+ 9 religi\s ex]cises4 ,^? :o h be5 bo? virtu\s & religi\s all _! lives w\ld h be5 no less virtu\s if !y _h nev] he>d ( religion4 ,ev5 ! tyro 9 ! /udy ( ! evolution ( religi\s belief kn[s t primitive =ms ( religion are entirely void ( e?ical cont5t4 ,! moral imp]ative is a gradual developm5t ( ! social in/9ct2 :ile ! religi\s in/9ct is ! reaction ( ! individual to ext]nal influ5ces :i* inspire him1 9 8 ignorance ( _! real nature & ( _! subjection to iron laws ( cause & effect1 ) fe> & wond]4 7,admiration1 gratitude = imag9$ favors1 hope = protection & support1 & o!r =ms ( m5tal or emotional reaction1 come some:at lat]1 & are effici5t 9 re%ap+ ! primitive phases ( religion into m specific conceptions ( an?ropomorphic deities47 ,9 ! c\rse ( "t1 x becomes natural t ! wor%ip] ( be+s above himself1 to :om 8 supreme rev]5ce is due1 %\ld come to end[ ^? be+s ) ! highe/ qualities he is capable ( conceiv+1 & h5ce %\ld repres5t !m z au?ors ( ! moral law :i* has become an +ra9$ "p ( 8 p]sonal & social exi/5ce4 ,yet x rema9s a fact ) bo? ! savage & ! civiliz$ man t 8 moral conceptions *ange f age to age1 & t 8 attribution ( any p>ticul> e?ical m&ate to 8 deity is always an aft]?\ght4 ,9 o!r words1 bo? 9 g5]al & 9 detail1 morality caus$ & det]m9$ by social ne$s & ! gr[? ( ! social _s prec$es morality "u a religi\s sanction1 & w\ld p]si/1 ev5 if all =ms ( religion %\ld be annihilat$4 ,! *ur* does n create moral /&>ds = ! community1 b is at mo/ a regi/] ( !m4 ,)\t ! *ur*1 x is probable t few individuals w\ld be ei!r m or less moral ?an ) x2 !y w\ld simply use o!r t]ms 9 :i* to int]pret _! moral s5tim5ts to !mselves & o!rs4 ,!re ne$ !n be no fe> ( ! consequ5ces ( recall+ ! *ur*es to ! ex]cise ( common hone/y4 ,z recipi5ts ( graft1 !y c c]ta9ly n claim to exemplify ! morality :i* !y pr(ess to tea*4 ,su* ( !m z _c live )\t !ft f ! taxpay]s are bett] dead1 s9ce _! dep5d5ce on di%one/y = exi/5ce mu/ m ?an nullify any conceivable good :i* !y c d ! community by ! holl[ mock]y ( tea*+ a morality :i* !y d n practice4 ,on ! o!r h&1 su* *ur*es z f9d x possible to live on an honorable basis1 )\t claim+ a subsidy1 w /& "s *ance ( be+ li/5$ to :5 !y seek to prea* morality to o!rs4 ,,in/itutional ,,"w ,,n ,,m5ac$4 ,x is fur!r claim$ t ! *ur* is directly engag$ 9 social & philan?ropic activities1 :i* w\ld become sorely crippl$ by a =c$ dim9ution ( rev5ue4 ,advocates ( ?is view h decl>$ t ! *ur* is specially fitt$ = _m bran*es ( social s]vice1 be+ able to comm& invaluable volunte] assi/ance1 :i* ! /ate c\ld n hire at any price4 ,h5ce !y conclude t ! elim9ation ( ! *ur*es w\ld ?r[ on ! /ate a burd5 f> 9 excess ( ! am\nt n[ conc$$ to ^! in/itutions 9 exemption f taxation4 ,x w be se5 t ! =ego+ claim ( ! *ur* re/s entirely on assumptions ( ! mo/ gratuit\s nature4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 only a m9ority ( ! *ur*es are ( ! in/itutional ord]1 & practically engag$ 9 social welf>e "w2 & 9 ! exemption laws no di/9ction is made betwe5 ?is m9ority & ! l>ge majority ( *ur*es :i* r5d] no su* public s]vice4 ,9 fact1 ! law works entirely 9 favor ( ! p>asitic *ur*es1 ! m]e accumulators ( weal?4 ,! in/itutional *ur*es attract to !mselves ! support ( individuals :o wi% to see ! "w done1 & :o w /& by !m to any ext5t ne$$2 :ile ! o!r class ( ecclesia/ical bodies1 :i* exi/ ma9ly = ! promulgation ( effete dogmas1 lean on ! /ate = a mu* l>g] proportion ( _! total rev5ue4 ,) /ate help1 !y fatt5 & become ri*2 :ile ! few socializ$ *ur*es sp5d _! rev5ues z fa/ z !y come 94 ,! repeal ( exemption laws w\ld n kill any *ur*es :i* are do+ a "w felt 9 ! community to be "o ( public necessity2 x is ! socially useless *ur*es :i* w\ld be =c$ to p]i%1 if !y c\ld n w9 suffici5t volunt>y support by %[+ "s indication ( des]v+ x4 ,! fallacy t ! repeal ( exemption laws means ! kill+ ( ! in/itutional *ur*es or ! crippl+ ( _! "w is a mo/ gl>+ "o4 ,x is fur!r n true t ! support]s ( ! social "w n[ done ?r\gh ! high] type ( *ur*es w\ld lose all int]e/ 9 x if ! *ur* 7 to disappe> f ! sc5e4 ,su* a claim is an insult to human nature & a fatal confession ) ref]5ce to ! quality ( ! religion :i* is ?us assum$ to tea* its foll[]s to labor only = ! sake ( ! *ur* & n = ! love ( mank9d4 ,! desire to m9i/] to social ne$s1 f\nd among ! nobl] m5 & wom5 ( all =ms ( fai? & ( unbelief1 w\ld p]si/ 9 undim9i%$ degree4 ,if ! *ur* 7 gone1 x w\ld simply use o!r *annels ?r\gh :i* to "w4 ,!y w\ld likewise be jo9$ by o!rs1 :o _c consci5ti\sly assi/ 9 ! promulgation ( dogmas !y consid] false & p]nici\s1 ev5 ?\gh ! doctr9al tea*+ is subtly int]bl5d$ ) philan?ropic "w2 & by /ill o!rs1 ^: e>ne/ly pr(f]$ s]vices are reject$ by ! religi\s bodies1 because1 al?\gh eag] to help 9 social s]vice1 !y _c pron\nce ! doctr9al %ibbole?s ( ecclesia/icism4 ,! spontane\s response ( m5 & wom5 to prov5 human ne$ has be5 demon/rat$ aga9 & aga91 & nev] m ?an dur+ ! great _w w>1 9 ! imm5se sums ( money & quantities ( ne$ful articles eag]ly pr(f]$ & ! va/ am\nt ( p]sonal s]vice freely r5d]$1 sometimes at ! risk or co/ ( life itself1 to alleviate ! suff]+s ( milit>y & civil victims resid5t 9 ali5 l&s & totally unkn[n to ! millions ( volunte] help]s4 ,no *ur* activity 0 ne$$ to /ir all ?is active & uncalculat+ b5evol5ce into life2 & none is requir$ to ar\se ! high] s5tim5t 9 ! community to co-op]ate 9 combat+ its pov]ty1 illness & degradation4 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,%[s ,,ult]ior ,,motives4 ,moreov]1 ! *ur* is f> f be+ ! be/ ag5t = ! c>ry+ on ( social s]vice4 ,! tr\ble is t x has its own axe to gr9d4 ,its eye is n s+le to ! relief ( human suff]+1 b x has also to ?9k ( conv]t+ ! suff]]s to its cre$4 ,x is con/antly tempt$ to play ^u ! gratitude ( ^? :om x helps1 to induce _! att5dance at its s]vices1 if n to dragoon ^! helpless dep5d5ts into an outw>d expression ( belief4 ,ev5 :]e x does n discrim9ate aga9/ non-believ]s 9 its cre$1 or seek 9 any way to abuse its position 9 ord] to proselyte !m directly1 x too (t5 does its alms to be se5 ( m51 & turns its social "w into a huge adv]tis+ s*eme1 aft] ! fa%ion ( an o/5tati\sly philan?ropic ,rockefell]1 :o gives ) "o h& & ) ! utmo/ publicity ab\t "o-hundr$? "p ( :at he extorts f ! masses ) ! o!r h&4 ,at be/1 its activities are su* z to g5]ate a reasonable suspicion t its aims are n :olly pure1 nor its "w ( unmix$ quality2 & ! net result is n a :olesome "o4 ,= ! be/ good ( ! community1 social s]vice ne$s to be entirely divorc$ f dogma1 :e!r p]=m$ by ! /ate z "p ( its duty t[>ds its memb]s1 or by private individuals or gr\ps z a volunt>y ef=t to less5 ! sorr[s & evils ( humanity4 ,if ! *ur* insi/s on do+ a "p ( ?is community "w1 let x1 l o!rs engag$ 9 su* "w1 d s at its own co/4 ,if x is s9c]e 9 its wi% to help mank9d1 x w n balk at ?is condition2 if n1 x betrays ! selfi%ness ( its aims4 ,! argum5t 9 favor ( exempt+ f taxation organizations do+ no?+ b philan?ropic "w1 & organiz$ = no o!r purpose1 _c be honorably /ret*$ to embrace bodies =m$ to propagate p>ticul> cre$s1 :i* simply take on philan?ropic activities z a side l9e4 ,if ?is 7 o!rwise1 e factory :i* introduces a welf>e dep>tm5t %\ld by a p>ity ( argum5t imm$iately h all its prop]ty exempt$ f contribution to ! public rev5ues4 ,,*ur*es ,,z ,,enhanc]s ,,( ,,real ,,e/ate ,,values4 ,! curi\s argum5t has sometimes be5 urg$ t *ur*es raise ! value ( adjac5t prop]ty1 & %\ld !re=e escape taxation4 ,if ?is be inde$ a fact1 x proves ei!r no?+ to ! purpose or a great deal too mu* = ! com=t ( ^? :o put x =w>d4 ,x is difficult to see :y ! taxpay]s ( an entire city %\ld rew>d ! *ur* = enri*+ ! few prop]ty-own]s canny en\gh to secure l& adjo9+ cl]ically own$ prop]ty4 ,by m]ely increas+ ! value ( c]ta9 pieces ( prop]ty at ! exp5se ( l& less =tunately locat$1 ! community z a :ole is n made a sub/antial ga9]4 ,ev5 tak+ ! mo/ favorable view1 x is c]ta9 t ! une>n$ increm5t ( ! prop]ty adjo9+ ! *ur* w nev] rise s high z to ov]balance ! total value ( ! *ur* prop]ty )drawn f taxation2 & h5ce ! enc\rag+ ( *ur*-build+ by tax exemption mu/ repres5t a net f9ancial loss to ! community4 ,moreov]1 e improvem5t on l& increases ! value ( neighbor+ prop]ty2 h5ce ! argum5t1 if valid at all1 w>rants ! exemption ( all improvem5ts f taxation1 & ! equal taxation ( all l& values1 :e!r ! l& is built on by *ur*es or o!rwise utiliz$1 or left :olly unimprov$4 ,! fact %\ld also be recogniz$ t to _m ! exi/5ce ( *ur*es adjac5t to _! prop]ty is any?+ b a b5efit4 ,s f> f reg>d+ ! value ( _! prop]ty z increas$ by ! com+ ( a *ur*1 _m an own] w res5t ! intrusion1 & sell out at a loss1 r ?an be expos$ to "s ( ! features ( *ur* activity 9 8 imm$iate vic9ity4 ,to _m1 ! r++ ( *ur* bells is an intol]able nuisance & a positive grievance4 ,! collection ( cr[ds1 ev5 ( ! mo/ decor\s nature1 is mo/ objectionable to o!rs4 ,9 ,new ,york & o!r cities1 prop]ty 9 c]ta9 sections is highly re/rict$ by de$s :i* provide aga9/ ! erection ( *ur*es1 no less ?an ( liv]y /ables & o!r /ructures consid]$ undesirable 9 a resid5tial neighborhood4 ,real e/ate m5 d n be> out ! claim t ! inevitable or ev5 ! usual result ( ! erection ( *ur*es is to increase ! value ( prop]ty 9 ! vic9ity4 ,,sophi/ry ,,at ,,! ,,new ,,york ,,he>+4 ,! weakness ( ! case = ! exemption ( *ur* prop]ty is app>5t f ! fact t ! =ego+ easily refut$ claims repres5t sub/antially ! entire case 9 its favor4 ,at ! ,new ,york he>+ ( #aiae1 & at all o!r he>+s be=e ! v>i\s legislative bodies ( our l&1 !y h be5 ! only po9ts on :i* /ress 0 s\ght to be laid4 ,incid5tally1 ( c\rse1 m9or ass]tions h be5 made1 su* z ! alleg$ fact t ! *ur* is a public utility1 9 ! ma9t5ance ( :i* ! community has a direct int]e/4 ,?is plea1 on :i* small reliance is usually plac$1 has be5 fully dispos$ ( by ! analysis on a prec$+ page ( ! function ( ! *ur*4 ,sometimes att5tion is call$ to ! app>5t prepond]ance ( int]e/ 9 favor ( exemption1 z witness$ by ! numb] ( speak]s :o appe> 9 its favor at committee he>+s & by ! numb] & size ( ! organizations :i* !y repres5t4 ,?is is obvi\sly ! mo/ transp>5t sophi/ry4 ,pr9ciples are n to be gaug$ by numb]s4 ,a c\ntry 9 :i* ! mob may dispose at its lighte/ :im ( ! rights & lib]ties ( ! individual or ( ! m9ority is a l& ( tyranny1 & _c prosp] 9 ! end4 ,moreov]1 ! alleg$ prepond]ance does n ev5 prove t ! majority ( ! citiz5s are 9 favor ( ! special privilege di%one/ly dem&$ by ! *ur*es4 ,x m]ely furni%es fre% evid5ce ( ! well-kn[n fact t p>ties ) special int]e/s to be subs]v$ by class legislation w organize m effici5tly ?an ^? appe>+ = ! g5]al int]e/ ( ! citiz5s1 b n back$ by p[]ful exi/+ organizations well suppli$ ) funds & hav+ mu* to ga9 or lose 9 a f9ancial way by ! passage or defeat ( ! propos$ legislation4 ,x is h>d to /ir up popul> int]e/ to ! po9t ( action 9 matt]s t involve ! civic consci5ce4 ,nev]!less1 ! p are sl[ly awak5+ to a realization ( ! iniquity ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! *ur*es1 = _! own pr(it1 h play$ ^u ! religi\s emotions ( ^? "u _! influ5ce2 & a day ( reckon+ is imm95t4 ,! s5tim5t 9 behalf ( ! repeal ( ! di%one/ exemption laws is gr[+ cont9ually /rong]1 & mu/ f9ally become irresi/ible4 ,x has sometimes be5 ass]t$ t prec$5t is aga9/ ! tax+ ( *ur*es4 ,at ! ,new ,york he>+1 ?is 0 gravely put =? by a ,presbyt]ian prea*] z a s]i\s argum5t2 & he s\ght to dismiss ! proposition by cavali]ly rem>k+ t x 0 "p ( ! pres5t craze = new taxes ( all sorts4 ,8 deliv]ance 0 e*o$ by a lawy] hir$ to repres5t ,grace ,episcopal *ur*1 ! *ur* :i* %[$ its moral /&>ds by *eat+ its ar*itect out ( 8 fee on a contemptible legal te*nicality4 ,i am old-fa%ion$ en\gh1 rem>k$ ! lawy]1 metaphorically patt+ himself on ! back = 8 a/ute appeal to religi\s prejudice1 to believe t ! h\se ( ,god %\ld n be tax$4 ,9 o!r words1 :atev] is1 is "r4 ,no old abuse mu/ ev] be aboli%$1 & e new idea mu/ be wrong4 ,c\ld !re be a f9] admission t ! b5t ( ! *ur*ly tra9$ m9d is aga9/ all progress1 & prone to resi/ *ange m]ely because x is new8 ,,confess$ ,,treason ,,to ,,am]ican ,,pr9ciples4 ,! def5d]s ( *ur* graft nev] fail 9 ! end to reveal _! real position4 ,at no public he>+ has x ev] happ5$ t ! %rewd] repres5tatives ( ! *ur* 7 able to re/ra9 _! less subtle colleagues f av[+ _! disbelief 9 ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate1 & _! conviction t ! gov]nm5t %\ld consid] ! support ( religion z "p ( its bus9ess4 ,! important he>+ s (t5 quot$ _h sev]al su* confessions ( treason to ,am]ican pr9ciples4 ,! ,rev4 ,*>les ,t4 ,t]ry ( ! ,brick ,presbyt]ian *ur* ( ,new ,york city1 :5 ask$ :e!r he w\ld ?9k x prop] = ! /ate to appropriate money directly = ! support ( ! *ur*es1 s9ce exemption 0 b an indirect way ( accompli%+ ! same result1 completely miss$ ! object ( ! "q1 & in/ead ( attempt+ to di/+ui% ! two me?ods 9 pr9ciple calmly assum$ t !re c\ld be no "q ( impropriety 9 ei!r1 & expla9$ t he pref]r$ ! exemption me?od z m dignifi$4 ,if he _h be5 entirely frank1 he might h confess$ 8 d\bt :e!r a direct !ft f ! taxpay]s w\ld be tol]at$ 9 ?is enlight5$ p]iod4 ,! ,am]ican *ur*es w\ld be only too glad to adopt ! ,engli% me?od ( op5 & unaba%$ robb]y ( diss5t+ citiz5s = ! support ( ! *ur*es 9 ^: doctr9es !y d n believe4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 has become an impossibility4 ,9 our colonial p]iod we pass$ ?r\gh ! m5tal condition 9 :i* *ur* & /ate 7 consid]$ z "o1 & neglect ( religi\s duty 0 puni%$ z an (f5se aga9/ ! community4 ,9 default ( a return to ^? days1 s bless$ 9 ! view ( ! enemies ( religi\s lib]ty1 ! *ur*es are will+ to accept ! indirect contribution ( ! /ate to _! private exp5ses incurr$ 9 ! int]e/ ( sect>ian proselytism4 ,true ,am]icanism1 h[ev]1 f9ds no logical di/9ction betwe5 ! "o me?od & ! o!r4 ,a diff]5ce ( degree may exi/1 b n "o ( k9d4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,d4 ,c4 ,pott]99 ( ,brooklyn1 :o att5d$ ! he>+1 scorn$ to argue ) unbeliev]s 9 any way except by ejaculations4 ,he fairly scree*$ 8 horror ( ! idea t anybody %\ld propose to tax ! h\se ( ,god4 ,! f9ely-spun fallacies ( 8 colleagues1 :o talk$ ( ! social s]vices ( ! *ur*es & _! alleg$ protection to ! community f a flood ( vice & crime1 w5t d[n 9 ! w9d be=e 8 angui%$ yells at ! ?\ght t religi\s lib]ty & ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate 7 9 dang] ( becom+ complete realities 9 a democracy nom9ally pl$g$ to ! unwav]+ support ( ^! great pr9ciples4 ,9 ! same _s1 ,h]man ,metz1 a politician & =m] (ficehold]1 irrelevantly rem>k$ t ! plea t non-*ur*go]s %\ld n be =c$ to meet ! exp5ses ( an in/itution :i* is ( no value to !m is l ! objection to pay+ taxes = s*ools if we happ5 to h no *ildr51 or = ! fire dep>tm5t if our h\se has nev] be5 on fire6 ,! utt] lack ( di/9ction betwe5 ! m9i/]+ to private wants & ! p]=mance ( a public function w\ld d discr$it to an imbecile4 ,/ill worse1 because less excusable1 0 ! ass]tion ( ,ni*olas ,murray ,butl]1 presid5t ( ,columbia ,univ]sity1 a man ( education & =mal culture1 t a p]son :o did n believe 9 religion %\ld be tax$ to support ! *ur*es j z an ,an>*i/ %\ld be tax$ to support ! gov]nm5t6 ,) great] suavity & %rewdness1 b no less indiff]5ce to hi/oric fact & democratic pr9ciple1 ,william ,d4 ,gu?rie1 appe>+ z attorney = ! ,roman ,ca?olic int]e/s1 reject$ ! easy way out ( pret5d+ t ! *ur*es subs]v$ "s civic function1 & def5d$ _! claims on ! gr\nd t immemorial practice sanction$ ! exemption graft4 ,9 o!r words1 a wrong becomes "r1 an abuse a virtue1 if x is only cont9u$ long en\gh6 ,mr4 ,gu?rie w5t s f> z to ass]t t ,*ri/ianity is "p ( ! common law ( ! l&4 ,if ?is be true1 our case ev5 yet is n hopeless1 = ! common law ( ,engl&1 f :i* ,am]ican jurisprud5ce is d]iv$1 did n drop d[n f heav5 z a sacr$ deposit1 =ev] p]fect & un*angeable4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 mo/ ( x has long s9ce be5 sup]s$$ by ! con/itutional law ( ! nation & ! /ates1 & by innum]able /atutes4 ,f ! mom5t ( ! adoption ( our ,f$]al ,con/itution1 expressly =bidd+ an e/abli%m5t ( religion1 ,*ri/ianity1 :atev] its /atus "u ! common law1 ceas$ to =m an integral "p ( ! law ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & became simply "o ( _m =ms ( private belief1 ! relative numb] ( its adh]5ts be+ totally immat]ial4 ,9 ! treaty ) ,tripoli1 secur$ dur+ ! adm9i/ration ( ,george ,wa%+ton1 our fir/ great ,presid5t plac$ 8 signature to ! specific /atem5t t ! gov]nm5t ( ?is l& is 9 no s5se f\nd$ on ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,! =5am$ g5tlem51 "o & all1 f> f l5d+ /r5g? to _! cause by invok+ ! outworn traditions ( ! pa/ & by appeal+ to ! brute =ce ( religi\s bigotry aga9/ ! equal civic rights ( all citiz5s1 h turn$ /ate's evid5ce aga9/ _! accomplices by ! un?9k+ confession t ! case = *ur* exemption re/s 9 ! la/ analysis on treason to ! ,con/itution & to ! pr9ciple ( sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate4 ,:5 ! enemies ( religi\s lib]ty & ! rights ( man ?us come out 9 _! true colors we "k h[ to meet !m4 ,x is ! insidi\s me?od ( seek+ to %elt] *ur* graft "u pret5sions ( ! common weal t is able to deceive ! public = a "t4 99 ,see ,crimes ( ,prea*]s4 ,,*ur* ,,& ,,/ate ,,9 ,,am]ican ,,hi/ory4 ,our fight aga9/ *ur* graft is n new1 = ?r\gh ! ages ( human hi/ory m5 sl[ 9 le>n+ ! lesson ( equal lib]ty h made ?is w>f>e inevitable4 ,ev5 ^? hone/ly desir\s to be fair h f\nd x easy to *eat !mselves ) conv5i5t sophi/ry1 & to frame fanta/ic reasons = deem+ ! public weal insep>ably b\nd up ) _! p>ticul> gr\p ( dogmas1 s t ! good ( mank9d mu/ require ! submission ( diss5t]s to ! popul> cre$4 ,t ! :ole community %\ld be =c$ to support ! *ur* appe>$ axiomatic to ! ,new ,engl& ( ,gov]nor ,brad=d1 ,cotton ,ma!r & ,jona?an ,edw>ds4 ,! settlem5t ( ,rhode ,isl& by ,rog] ,williams & 8 associates1 on ! basis ( complete religi\s lib]ty1 0 ! fir/ ev5t to />tle ,puritanism into a realization t ! "r ( ! *ur* to control ! /ate 0 n z self-evid5t z _h be5 ?\ght4 ,lat] 7 he>d bold voices to dem& t ! *ur* take its prop] position 9 ! community z a volunt>y body ( believ]s1 free to wor%ip 9 its own fa%ion1 & leav+ all o!rs free to d likewise or n to wor%ip at all4 ,& f9ally ! =emo/ & bolde/ ?9k]s began to see t !re c\ld be no equal ju/ice :ile unbeliev]s 7 mulct$ 9 taxation to support ! *ur*es4 ,"o ( ! fir/ prote/s aga9/ ! wrong :i* /ill prevails1 al?\gh n[ disguis$ "u ! =m ( exemption1 took ! %ape ( a memorial to ! g5]al c\rt 7legislature7 ( ,massa*usetts 9 #agge4 ,! core ( ! argum5t is conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ p>agraph3 ,= a civil legislature to impose religi\s tax is1 we conceive1 a p[] :i* _! con/itu5ts nev] _h to give1 & !re=e go+ entirely out ( _! jurisdiction4 ,we are p]suad$ t an entire fre$om f be+ tax$ by civil rul]s to religi\s wor%ip is n a m]e favor f any man or m5 9 ! _w1 b a "r & prop]ty grant$ u by ,god1 :o comm&s u to /& fa/ to x4 ,we %\ld wrong our consci5ces by all[+ t p[] to m5 :i* we believe belongs only to ,god4 ,9 ! same _s1 ! pi\s & le>n$ ,rev4 ,dr4 ,wayl&1 9 8 ,political ,economy1 wrote3 ,all t religi\s societies h a "r to ask ( ! civil gov]nm5t is ! same privileges = transact+ _! own affairs :i* societies ( e o!r sort possess4 ,?is !y h a "r to dem&1 n because !y are religi\s societies1 b because ! ex]cise ( religion is an innoc5t mode ( pursu+ happ9ess4 ,if x happ5s accid5tally t o!rs are b5efit$1 x does n foll[ t !y are oblig$ to pay = ?is b5efit4 ,x _c be prov$ t ! ,*ri/ian religion ne$s ! support ( ! civil gov]nm5t1 s9ce x has exi/$ & fl\ri%$ :5 entirely depriv$ ( ?is support4 ,,an ,,op9ion ,,by ,,frankl94 ,aft] ! !ologian1 ! philosoph]4 ,^! are ! words ( ! tru?-lov+ fri5d ( ju/ice1 ,b5jam9 ,frankl93 ,:5 a religion is good1 ,i conceive t x w support itself2 & :5 x _c support itself1 & ,god does n take c>e to support x1 s its pr(essors are oblig$ to call = help f ! civil p[]1 x is a sign1 ,i appreh5d1 ( its be+ a bad "o4 ,! s\ndness ( ,frankl9's te/ _c be successfully disput$4 ,if ! *ur*es mu/ look to ! /ate1 in/ead ( to _! ,god1 = cont9u$ life & prosp]ity1 x is a sign1 indisputable z a voice f heav51 t !y are n div9ely commission$1 b are impo/ors4 ,! dem& = exemption f taxation is a confession ( lo/ spiritual values4 ,,:at ,,grant ,,& ,,g>field ,,said4 ,two presid5ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 brav+ ecclesia/ical c5sure1 h _h ! moral c\rage to speak out on ! pres5t "q4 ,"o ( !m1 ! h]oic ,grant1 0 h]etical 9 8 religi\s views2 ! o!r1 ! m>tyr$ ,g>field1 0 an or?odox ,*ri/ian1 & _h be5 a cl]gyman & presid5t ( a religi\s college4 ,9 ,grant's presid5tial message 9 #ahge1 he said3 ,9 connection ) ?is important "q1 ,i w\ld also call y\r att5tion to ! importance ( correct+ an evil t1 if p]mitt$ to cont9ue1 w probably lead to great tr\ble 9 our l& be=e ! close ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,x is ! acquisition ( va/ am\nts ( untax$ *ur* prop]ty4 ,9 #ahej1 ,i believe1 ! *ur* prop]ty ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* paid no tax1 municipal or /ate1 am\nt$ to #hg1jjj1jjj4 ,9 #ahfj ! am\nt _h d\bl$4 ,9 #ahgj x 0 #ced1dhc1ehg4 ,by #aijj1 )\t a *eck1 x is safe to say1 ?is prop]ty w rea* a sum exce$+ #c1jjj1jjj1jjj4 ,s va/ a sum1 receiv+ all ! protection & b5efits ( gov]nm5t1 )\t be>+ its proportion ( ! burd5s & exp5ses ( ! same1 w n be look$ ^u acquiesc5tly by ^? :o h to pay ! taxes4 ,9 a gr[+ c\ntry1 :]e real e/ate enhances s rapidly ) "t z 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !re is sc>cely a limit to ! weal? t may be acquir$ by corporations1 religi\s or o!rwise1 if all[$ to reta9 real e/ate )\t taxation4 ,! contemplation ( s va/ a prop]ty z "h allud$ to1 )\t taxation1 may lead to seque/ration )\t con/itutional au?ority1 & ?r\gh blood4 ,i w\ld sugge/ ! taxation ( all prop]ty equally4 ,) no less emphasis ,presid5t ,g>field put himself on record 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,! divorce betwe5 *ur* & /ate ought to be absolute4 ,x ought to be s absolute t no *ur* prop]ty any:]e1 9 any /ate1 or 9 ! nation1 %\ld be exempt f equal taxation2 = if y exempt ! prop]ty ( any *ur* organization1 to t ext5t y impose a tax ^u ! :ole community4 ,,weighty ,,press ,,utt]ances4 ,! ,new ,york ,ev5+ ,po/ 9 its greate/ days1 :5 edit$ by ,william ,cull5 ,bryant1 spoke boldly on ! subject ( *ur* exemption4 ,he> x3 ,! ,ev5+ ,po/ has long be5 ( ! op9ion t ! ,am]ican !ory ( a self-support+ *ur* ought to be c>ri$ out to its full & legitimate conclusion1 & t ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate ought to be complete4 ,x %\ld include ! total discont9uance ( contributions ( public money1 direct or indirect1 to ! support ( any religi\s e/abli%m5t4 ,we h nev] be5 able to see ! slighte/ diff]5ce 9 pr9ciple betwe5 ! appropriation ( a c]ta9 sum ( money rais$ by tax to a p>ticul> *ur*1 & a release ( t *ur* f a tax on its prop]ty to ! same am\nt4 ,! co/ ( ! act 9 ei!r case falls ^u ! taxpay]s g5]ally4 ,an admirable summ>y ( ! vital pr9ciples involv$ is conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ editorial f ! ,san ,antonio ,express3 ,! ,express is n antagoni/ic to ! *ur*es4 ,x believes t _m ( !m are do+ a great & noble "w2 b x does n believe 9 exempt+ sect>ian prop]ty f taxation 9 a l& ( alleg$ religi\s lib]ty at ! exp5se ( m5 :o reg>d ! *ur* z a brake on ! :eels ( progress1 an incubus on civilization1 ! pres]vator ( antique ignorance1 ! /oreh\se ( fooli% sup]/ition4 ,x does n approve ( ! *ur* pos+ z an almon] :ile ! ?9 purse ( labor is annually mulct to make x a pres5t ( sev]al millions4 ,let x be j be=e x attempts to be g5]\s4 ,let x assume its due proportion ( ! public burd5s1 & p]*ance !re w n be s mu* ne$ ( its dole4 ,! *ur* %\ld n pr(it at ! exp5se ( ! poor2 x c]ta9ly %\ld n fatt5 at ! co/ ( ^? :o despise x4 ,ev5 ! ,new ,york ,indep5d5t1 :5 x 0 a di/9ctly cl]ical magaz9e1 all[$ ! foll[+ cle> /atem5t ( pr9ciple to appe>3 ,! "t has come :5 all religi\s d5om9ations mu/ affirm t no public moneys %all be us$ = sect>ian in/ruction2 ! "t-honor$ pr9ciple ( ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate mu/ be aga9 emphasiz$4 ,if a *ur* is n will+ to support its own s*ools1 x _c come to ! /ate = aid4 ,i w\ld g s f> 9 ! application ( ?is pr9ciple z to be will+ to see all our *ur*es tax$ z is o!r prop]ty4 ,we h no "r to tax unbeliev]s t *ur*es may be ma9ta9$2 no m "r ?an !y w\ld h to tax *ur*es = ! support ( ,infidel clubs4 ,,expressions ,,by ,,+]soll4 ,! efficacy ( ! argum5ts conta9$ 9 ! =ego+ expressions1 *os5 f among _m o!rs1 is indep5d5t ( ! weight atta*able to ^? :o utt]$ !m4 ,"o & all1 !y express ! attitude ( all :o view ! subject )\t bias1 & :o refuse to all[ self-int]e/ to sw]ve !m f a frank recognition ( :at is due to ! pr9ciple ( civic ju/ice4 ,no bett] summ>y ( ! ma9 issue c\ld be f\nd ?an ! vigor\s answ] ( ,rob]t ,g4 ,+]soll to an int]view]4 ,t ! great ,agno/ic orator %\ld %[ /rong feel+ on ! subject1 is n surpris+1 nor does x 9 any s5se weak5 ! logical =ce ( 8 prote/4 ,x is only natural t ! victim ( a burgl>y %\ld be m en]getic 9 8 compla9t ?an a ?ird p]son :o has slight int]e/ 9 ! matt]4 ,! *ur*es h _h _m a fl+ at ! pe]less *ampion ( fre$om ( ?\ght2 b !y w f9d x easi] to slur 8 memory ?an to refute 8 argum5ts4 ,he says3 ,i h se5 a memorial ask+ t *ur* prop]ty be tax$ l o!r prop]ty4444 ,su* memorials ought to be address$ to ! legislatures ( all ! /ates4 ,! money ( ! public %\ld only be us$ = ! b5efit ( ! public4 ,public money %\ld n be us$ = :at a few g5tlem5 ?9k is = ! b5efit ( ! public4 ,p]sonally1 ,i ?9k x w\ld be = ! b5efit ( ! public to h ,infidel or sci5tific--:i* is ! same ?+--lectures deliv]$ 9 e t[n1 9 e /ate1 on e ,sunday2 b1 kn[+ t a great _m m5 disagree ) me on ?is po9t1 ,i d n claim t su* lectures ought to be paid = ) public money4 ,! ,me?odi/ *ur* ought n to be su/a9$ by taxation1 nor ! ,ca?olic1 nor any o!r *ur*4 ,to relieve _! prop]ty f taxation is to appropriate money1 to ! ext5t ( t tax1 = ! support ( t *ur*4 ,:5ev] a burd5 is lift$ f "o piece ( prop]ty1 x is di/ribut$ ov] ! re/ ( ! prop]ty ( ! /ate2 & to release "o k9d ( prop]ty is to increase ! tax on all o!r k9ds4444 ,to exempt ! *ur* f taxation is to pay a "p ( ! prie/'s sal>y4 ,! ,ca?olic n[ objects to be+ tax$ to support a s*ool 9 :i* 8 religion is n taught4 ,he is n satisfi$ ) ! s*ool t says no?+ on ! subject ( religion4 ,he insi/s t x is an outrage to tax him to support a s*ool :]e ! tea*] simply tea*es :at he kn[s4 ,& yet ?is same ,ca?olic wants 8 *ur* exempt$ f taxation1 & ! tax ( an ,a!i/ or ( a ,jew increas$1 :5 he tea*es 9 8 untax$ *ur* t ! ,a!i/ & ! ,jew w bo? be et]nally damn$6 ,is x possible = impud5ce to g fur!r8444 ,9 my judgm5t ! *ur* %\ld be tax$ precisely ! same z o!r prop]ty4 ,! *ur* may claim t x is "o ( ! in/rum5ts ( civilization & !re=e %\ld be exempt4 ,if y exempt t :i* is useful1 y exempt e trade & e pr(ession4444 ,!re 0 a "t :5 m9i/]s 7 suppos$ to be 9 ! employ ( ,god1 & x 0 ?\ght t ,god select$ !m ) great c>e--t _! pr(ession _h some?+ sacr$ ab\t x4 ,^! ideas are no long] ent]ta9$ by s5sible p4 ,m9i/]s %\ld be paid l o!r pr(essional m51 & ^? :o l _! prea*+ %\ld pay ! prea*]4 ,!y %\ld dep5d1 z actors d1 ^u _! popul>ity1 ^u ! am\nt ( s5se1 or nons5se1 t !y h = sale4 ,!y %\ld dep5d ^u ! m>ket l o!r p2 & if p d n want to he> s]mons badly en\gh to build *ur*es & pay = !m1 & pay ! taxes on !m1 & hire ! prea*]1 let ! money be div]t$ to "s o!r use4 ,! pulpit %\ld no long] be a paup]4 ,i d n believe 9 c>ry+ on any bus9ess ) ! contribution box4 ,all ! sect>ian in/itutions ought to support !mselves4 ,,! ,,magnitude ,,( ,,! ,,wrong4 ,! =ego+ *apt]s hav+ demon/rat$ ! iniquity & indef5sibility ( ! exemption ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation1 ! sole rema9+ po9t ( int]e/ conc]ns ! am\nt ( ! wrong inflict$ on ! community by legaliz$ *ur* graft4 ,t x is v consid]able1 a b>e inspection ( ! weal? ( ! m favor$ *ur*es makes abundantly pla94 ,! enorm\s hold+s1 = example1 ( ,tr9ity ,*ur* corporation 9 ,new ,york city prove ! imm5se possibilities 9 ?is direction4 ,incid5tally1 x is an int]e/+ fact1 po9t$ out 9 detail "s ye>s ago by ,john ,e4 ,remsburg1 t exemption is n only unfair to ! g5]al public1 b a means ( favor+ ! city *ur*es1 already ri* & well-support$1 z contra/$ ) ! relatively poor & weak c\ntry *ur*es4 ,! latt] h c]ta9ly good gr\nd to compla9 t !y d n get _! fair %>e ( ! swag4 ,9 ! c\ntry1 l& is *eap & abundant1 & "u normal conditions does n *ange mu* 9 value ov] a long p]iod ( ye>s1 :ile g5]al taxes are comp>atively l[4 ,x is ! cities t pay ! mass ( ! taxes2 & x is 9 ! cities t ! rapidly gr[+ population causes frightful conge/ion1 & all[s ! mo/ unscrupul\s l& speculation to return ! l>ge/ pr(its4 ,9 ! g5]al scramble = une>n$ increm5ts1 prop]ty hold]s :o are exempt f ! paym5t ( taxes are giv5 an ov]:elm+ advantage4 ,!y take no risk1 c wait z long z !y please = ! expect$ rise1 & pocket ! entire am\nt ( ! increase 9 l& values1 to :i* !y h made no important contribution4 ,! /ate actually enc\rages & urges ! *ur*es to become l& gambl]s1 & to enri* !mselves at ! exp5se ( ! p4 ,z ! city gr[s1 ! *ur*es gradually f9d excuses to move away f _! e>li] locations1 sell+ out _! sites at huge pr(its1 n "o doll> ( :i* is re/or$ to ! community z consci5ce money1 & to buy less co/ly l& ) "p ( ! proce$s1 inve/+ ! balance :]e x w br+ sub/antial returns4 ,no wond] !y gr[ ri* :ile ! pov]ty ( ! t5em5t dwell]s proportionately increases6 ,& no wond] ! city *ur*es1 luxuriat+ 9 _! bloat$ prosp]ity1 are able to "l x ov] _! c\ntry associates1 & to rule ! affairs ( _! sect ) an iron h&1 despite _! gross num]ical inf]iority4 ,no wond] t ! g5]al assemblies1 synods & ! l ( ! v>i\s d5om9ations are s frequ5tly *>act]iz$ by peanut politics :i* w\ld disgrace a w>d caucus1 & by bitt] wrangl+ & exhibitions ( ill-w :i* contra/ /rik+ly ) ! pr(essions ( ,*ri/ian love4 ,,urban ,,monopoly ,,& ,,unfairness4 ,z ,mr4 ,remsburg's article 7,tru? ,seek]1 ,jan4 #ad1 #aiaa1 p4 #bb17 is n n[ available except to ^? possess+ files ( ! pap]1 no apology is requir$ = reproduc+ ! foll[+ p>agraph f x3 ,ecclesia/ical prop]ty is conf9$ *iefly to cities4 ,"o city 9 ,massa*usetts owns ne>ly "o-?ird ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,massa*usetts2 "o city ( ,p5nsylvania owns ne>ly "o-?ird ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,p5nsylvania2 "o city 9 ,miss\ri owns ne>ly "o-?ird ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( t /ate2 "o city 9 ,nebraska owns ne>ly "o-?ird ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( t /ate4 ,"o city 9 ,ill9ois1 ,*icago1 owns m ?an ?ree-eigh?s ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,ill9ois4 ,/4 ,paul & ,m9neapolis1 practically "o city1 own "o-half ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,m9nesota4 ,"o city 9 ,l\isiana owns m ?an "o-half ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,l\isiana4 ,"o /ate1 ,new ,york1 owns ne>ly "o-f\r? ( ! ecclesia/ical prop]ty ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 :ile "o city 9 ,new ,york owns m ?an "o-half ( ! *ur* prop]ty 9 t /ate4 ,"o city 9 ,rhode ,isl& owns ne>ly ?ree-fif?s ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,rhode ,isl&2 "o city 9 ,delaw>e owns ne>ly ?ree-fif?s ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,delaw>e2 "o city 9 ,colorado owns ne>ly ?ree-fif?s ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,colorado2 :ile "o city 9 ,m>yl& owns ne>ly two-?irds ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ,m>yl&4 ,?us1 a doz5 cities own "o-half ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( _! respective /ates4 ,?is prop]ty includes only *ur* build+s4 ,! proportion ( ecclesia/ical prop]ty o!r ?an *ur* build+s own$ by ! *ur*es ( ^! cities is mu* great]4 ,two-?irds ( ! ecclesia/ical prop]ty ( ^! /ates is conf9$ to ^! cities4 ,& yet1 n9e-t5?s ( ! *ur*es 9 ^! /ates are outside ( ^! cities4 ,"o-t5? ( ! *ur*es 9 ^! /ates1 !re=e1 own two-?irds ( ! *ur* prop]ty ( ^! /ates4 ,add+ ! o!r cities & l>ge t[ns ( ^! /ates1 x is safe to say t "o-fif? ( ! *ur*es own f\r-fif?s ( ! *ur* prop]ty4 ,! prop]ty own$ by f\r-fif?s ( ! *ur* organizations consi/s pr9cipally ( mode/1 inexp5sive *ur* build+s4 ,if *ur* prop]ty 0 tax$1 ! am\nt ( taxes levi$ on ^! *ur*es w\ld n be great4 ,! great] portion ( taxes w\ld come f ! co/ly *ur*es & f ! real e/ate own$ by weal?y *ur* corporations 9 ! cities2 & ev5 ! advocates ( *ur* exemption _c d5y ! ju/ice ( tax+ ?is prop]ty4 ,municipal taxes are enorm\sly high2 & ! exemption ( s l>ge a prop]ty imposes an unju/ burd5 on ^? :o h to pay ^! taxes4 ,9 e city is to be f\nd prop]ty t taxes h dev\r$--families :o h be5 r5d]$ homeless by excessive taxation4 ,a ,,*ur* ,,masks ,a ,,saloon4 ,( ! _m que] ?+s t c be done by virtue ( tax exemption laws1 a rec5t episode 9 ,new ,york city furni%es an apt illu/ration4 ,a saloon keep] _h = "s "t a monopoly ( trade 9 "o ( ! less settl$ b gr[+ di/ricts4 ,) ! op5+ ( a new b\lev>d1 h\ses began to g up2 & a rival 0 n sl[ 9 tak+ advantage ( ! opportunity to set up 9 opposition to ! fir/ com]4 ,! newcom] 0 an en]getic bus9ess man1 & knew h[ to draw cu/om1 s t he at once made consid]able inroads on ! patronage ( 8 old] competitor4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 0 a man ( res\rces4 ,among ! few lots ( l& n yet occupi$ = build+ purposes 0 "o 9 ! neighborhood ( ! second saloon4 ,?is 0 quietly pur*as$ by ! old] salooni/1 & ! o!r await$ results1 expect+ to see a ?ird saloon e/abli%$ ) a view to /eal+ "s ( 8 trade4 ,8 wily rival1 h[ev]1 knew a trick wor? two ( t4 ,almo/ ov] night1 a rude %ack 0 erect$1 ) a slight /eeple :i* po9t$ heav5w>d1 ?\gh n ) :at usually pass = heav5ly aims4 ,?is 0 turn$ ov] free ( *>ge to a h&ful ( p]sons1 to hold meet+s ( a nom9ally religi\s nature4 ,hav+ no taxes to pay on prop]ty ?us d$icat$ to holy uses1 & be+ ?us able to hold x indef9itely at practically no exp5se1 ! orig9al saloon keep] /raightway appeal$ to ! police dep>tm5t to en=ce ! law =bidd+ ! exi/5ce ( a saloon )9 a c]ta9 di/ance ( a *ur*1 & ?us1 at ! late/ report1 0 on ! eve ( triumphantly driv+ 8 rival f ! field4 ,! next move w\ld naturally be to pur*ase ! ab&on$ saloon at a l[ figure1 all[ ! *ur*1 hav+ s]v$ its purpose1 to give up ! gho/ 9 an unobtrusive mann]1 & to resume bus9ess ) ! second saloon1 :]e ! discomfit$ competitor _h be5 compell$ to leave x (f4 ,:e!r ! +5i\s s*eme work$ out to ! f9i% or n1 ! writ] is n in=m$4 ,at lea/1 x w5t f> en\gh to demon/rate ! rem>kable possibilities "u legislation enc\rag+ ! juggl+ ) religi\s ?+s = purposes ( private advantage4 ,,ano!r ,,vuln]able ,,def5se4 ,! apologi/s = *ur* exemption f9d !mselves 9 a position ( great emb>rassm5t :5 ! nature & am\nt ( ! exempt$ prop]ty are call$ into "q4 ,9 ! difficulty ( secur+ accurate & complete figures !y attempt at once to m9imize & to magnify ! am\nt involv$4 ,9 plead+ = ! c\ntry *ur*es1 !y raise ! cry ( pov]ty1 & solemnly av] t ^! feeble in/itutions are s dep5d5t on /ate help = _! exi/5ce t )\t x !y mu/ inevitably p]i%4 ,! claim is bo? false & irrelevant4 ,x is false1 because ! taxable prop]ty ( ! c\ntry *ur*es1 z may be readily se5 f ! prec$+ discussion1 & may be le>n$ by any p]son ?r\gh direct obs]vation1 is ( extremely l[ value1 & be>s f> less proportion to ! available income ( _! aggregate memb]%ip ?an ! hold+s ( ! city *ur*es4 ,! few doll>s ( taxes :i* an hone/ fiscal policy w\ld impose on ! av]age c\ntry *ur* w\ld be rais$ )\t ! slighte/ difficulty4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 x is n ! poor & /ruggl+ c\ntry *ur*es :i* are lobby+ aga9/ ! removal ( exemption2 x is ! weal?y city corporations1 :i* use ! poor c\ntry *ur* argum5t z a means ( draw+ a r$ h]r+ across ! track1 & div]t+ att5tion f _! own h&some pick+s4 ,! claim1 ev5 if true1 w\ld obvi\sly be irrelevant1 s9ce x is n ! bus9ess ( ! /ate to keep *ur*es alive4 ,=getful ( _! pr(ess$ fe> on behalf ( ! /ruggl+ c\ntry *ur*es1 h[ev]1 ! apologi/s = religi\s graft lay trem5d\s /ress on ! ass]tion t ! am\nt :i* ! /ate loses ?r\gh ! *ur*es is a m]e bagatelle1 & t ! taxpay]s w\ld n ga9 en\gh to help !m mu*1 if x 7 reclaim$4 ,a pat retort1 ( c\rse1 is t if ?is be ! case1 x is amaz+ t ! *ur*es h become s t]rifi$ at ! idea ( h&+ ov] s small an am\nt to ! /ate4 ,weal?y z !y are1 if ! sum is z trivial z !y say1 !y w nev] miss x1 & c af=d to be hone/1 & to conciliate ! favor ( ^? :o are n[ driv5 away f ! gospel by ! gre$ & graft+ _s ( ! ag5cies :i* repres5t x4 ,l ! fiction ( ! dy+ c\ntry *ur*es1 h[ev]1 ! claim is bo? false & irrelevant4 ,x is false1 z w pres5tly be %[n by "s ( ! figures :i* h become available2 & x is irrelevant1 because ! moral "* ( a ?ief is n to be grad$ accord+ to ! am\nt ( loot :i* he has succe$$ 9 acquir+4 ,! recognition ( ! "r ( ! *ur* to receive a subsidy f ! /ate1 & ?us to make ! sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate a dead lett]1 w\ld rema9 z s]i\s a crime aga9/ ! democratic pr9ciple1 if n m ?an a s+le doll> 7 involv$4 ,,new ,,york',s ,,blanket ,,exemption ,,law4 ,be=e tak+ up ! subject ( /ati/ics1 x w n be amiss to quote ! exemption law ( ,new ,york z typical ( *ur* graft at its wor/4 ,x w be se5 t ref]5ces to religi\s uses & purposes are +5i\sly smuggl$ 91 side by side ) mu* v]biage z to in/itutions s]v+ a public purpose1 s t !y may appe> to fit naturally among su* bodies z s m9i/] to ! collective ne$s ( ! community t !y des]ve to be subsidiz$ by ! /ate4 ,= ?is reason1 x is be/ to cite ! g]mane portions ( ! /atute 9 full1 in/ead ( isolat+ ^? t relate solely to ! *ur*es4 ,incid5tally1 x w be not$ t ! *ur*es are n once m5tion$ by "n4 ,x is ! nature ( graft to seek %elt] "u evasion1 & to avoid cle> expression ( its int5tions4 ,! foll[+1 !n1 is drawn f ,section #d1 subdivision #g1 ( ! ,tax ,law ( ,new ,york3 ,! real prop]ty ( a corporation or association organiz$ exclusively = ! moral or m5tal improvem5t ( m5 or wom51 or = religi\s1 bible1 tract1 *>itable1 b5evol5t1 mission>y1 hospital1 infirm>y1 educational1 sci5tific1 lit]>y1 libr>y1 patriotic1 hi/orical or cemet]y purposes444 & ! p]sonal prop]ty ( any su* corporation %all be exempt f taxation4 ,b no su* corporation %all be entitl$ to any su* exemption1 if any memb] or employee !re( %all receive or may be lawfully entitl$ to receive any pecuni>y pr(it f ! op]ations !re( except reasonable comp5sation = s]vices 9 effect+ "o or m ( su* purposes1 or z prop] b5efici>ies ( its /rictly *>itable purposes2 or if ! organization !re(1 = any ( su* av[$ purposes1 be a guise or pret5ce = pr(it444 or if x be n 9 good fai? organiz$ or conduct$ exclusively = "o or m ( su* purposes4 ,! real prop]ty ( any su* corporation or association entitl$ to su* exemption held by x exclusively = "o or m ( su* purposes1 & f :i* no r5ts1 pr(its or income are d]iv$1 %all be s exempt1 al?\gh n 9 actual use !re= by reason ( ! abs5ce ( suitable build+s or improvem5ts !reon1 if ! con/ruction ( su* build+s is 9 progress1 or is 9 good fai? contemplat$ by su* corporation or association4444 ,prop]ty held by any (fic] ( a religi\s d5om9ation %all be entitl$ to ! same exemption1 subject to ! same conditions & exceptions1 z prop]ty held by a religi\s corporation4 ,9 ! compreh5sive li/ ( exempt$ classes ( prop]ty enum]at$ above1 x w be obs]v$ t all save ^? ( a religi\s nature h at lea/ "s %[ ( claim to be reg>d$ z m9i/]+ to public aims1 or z ess5tial to ! exi/5ce ( a civiliz$ community1 & !re=e des]v+ ( public enc\ragem5t4 ,:e!r ! claim is 9 all cases suffici5t to w>rant exemption f taxation1 ne$ n be "h discuss$4 ,9 ! op9ion ( _m /ud5ts ( ! problem1 ne>ly all exemptions are illicit4 ,:e!r t be ! case or n1 x has be5 made cle> t ! argum5t = tax+ *ur*es is /rong] ?an t = tax+ any ( ! o!r classes1 & ! argum5t aga9/ x weak]4 ,?is results f ! fact t religion is m di/9ctly a matt] ( ! individual ?an is lit]ature1 sci5ce1 education or philan?ropy4 ,h5ce1 ev5 if x be good public policy to subsidize ^! ag5ts ( social progress1 x by no means foll[s t ! same is true ( ! *ur*es2 :ile1 conv]sely1 ! taxation ( *ur*es ne$ n logically embrace ! taxation ( any ( ! o!r classes4 ,ea* mu/ /& on its own m]its2 & 9 ea* case ent] consid]ations t make x improp] to draw ! fate ( any "o ( !m into t ( any o!r4 ,t a mis*iev\s & loosely drawn /atute has bracket$ !m all toge!r %\ld n bl9d u to ! radical diff]5ces t exi/ among !m1 or to ! fact t none ( ! gr\nds on :i* exemption ( mo/ ( ! o!rs is def5d$ apply 9 any degree to ! *ur*es4 ,,l& ,,speculation ,,invit$4 ,! recklessness ( ! enactors ( ! ,new ,york tax law is visible 9 its blanket nature4 ,n satisfi$ ) exempt+ prop]ty 9 actual use1 ! /atute conta9s a provision by :i* ! tax assessor is call$ ^u to become a telepa?ic exp]t1 & to div9e ! int5tions ( a corporation hold+ l& out ( use6 ,n only prop]ty actually us$ = religi\s purposes is to g untax$1 b also l& :]e ! con/ruction ( build+s = ! purpose ( wor%ip is 9 good fai? contemplat$6 ,no me?od = te/+ ! good fai? is provid$1 nor any safegu>d aga9/ abuse ( ! good fai? clause4 ,no m op5 invitation to fraud c\ld be devis$4 ,no p5alty = evasion is provid$1 & no means ( collect+ back taxes1 9 case ! *ur* corporation1 aft] grabb+ l& f ! he>t ( ! city1 & hold+ x t5 or tw5ty ye>s "u ! pret5se ( int5d+ to build on x at "s future "t1 %all f9d x impracticable or undesirable to c>ry out ! contemplat$ action1 & %all sell ! l& at an increas$ valuation1 & put a h&some am\nt ( money into its treasury ?r\gh ! k9dness ( gov]nm5t 9 promot+ ?is species ( l& speculation )\t risk4 ,%\ld ! prop]ty depreciate in/ead ( ris+1 !re is /ill "t to use x = *ur* purposes1 & no?+ is lo/4 ,e o!r l& speculator mu/ at lea/ take "s risk2 b ! *ur* is play+ a sure game & _c lose4 ,! community pays ! bill = ! b5efit ( ! sure-?+ gambl]4 ,if x be urg$ t ?is p>ticul> clause all[s ! same abuse by any o!r =m ( exempt$ corporation1 ! answ] is t ?is only makes ! evil all ! great]4 ,! clause w\ld be bad1 ev5 if x appli$ only to corporations rightfully held exempt f taxation on ! prop]ty 9 actual use by !m = public purposes2 & ! wrong is multipli$ by its application to ! *ur*es1 :i* h no legitimate claim to exemption "u any conditions4 ,turn n[ to ! la/ s5t5ce 9 ! law z quot$4 ,?is works 9 two ma9 ways4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is special legislation 9 favor ( ! policy ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur* ( plac+ *ur* prop]ties 9 ! h&s ( bi%ops1 ov] :om !re is no adequate *eck4 ,! congregation might z well be s _m cattle = all ! rights !y h ov] ! *ur* prop]ty accumulat$ ?r\gh _! sacrifices4 ,all !y are =1 9 ! eyes ( ! hi]>*y1 to :i* !y submit ) ! docility ( %eep1 & less ?an a %eep's intellig5ce1 is to pay4 ,contr>y to ! entire _s ( self-gov]nm5t1 ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york endorses ?is exploitation & tyranny1 & orda9s t ! irresponsible bi%ops %all hold o!r p's prop]ty free f all taxation1 to use or abuse z !y see fit4 ,! provision also makes x possible = any individual to />t a *ur* on 8 own hook1 = any ult]ior ends he may see fit1 & to ma9ta9 sole au?ority ov] ! prop]ty z an (fic] ( a religi\s d5om9ation1 ?us "u ! color ( religion to claim div9e sanction = ! mo/ anti-social ends1 & to receive a subsidy f ! /ate :ile do+ s4 ,its second use is to complete ! p>asitical /atus ( ! ord9>y p>son by exempt+ 8 h\se & l& f taxation1 provid$ only he is n us+ x to buy & sell goods1 b only = ! pret5d$ s]vice ( ,god4 ,:5 ! l& appreciates1 he may sell at a pr(it1 & />t to s]ve ,god 9 a br& new p>sonage1 putt+ into 8 own pocket ! surplus ca% ?us sweat$ f ! community4 ,l ! *ur*1 he may gamble 9 l& values to 8 he>t's cont5t4 ,z he pays no taxes1 he _c lose1 & c hold on indef9itely1 :]e ! ord9>y real e/ate deal] mu/ let g 8 hold+s if ! m>ket runs aga9/ him4 ,! /ate ?us int]poses to favor "o l& speculator above ano!r1 & to tempt ! cl]gyman to neglect 8 spiritual duties = f9ancial pr(it4 ,! provision is ?us an outrage on ! community1 an unfairness to ! real e/ate int]e/s1 & an injury to :atev] is good 9 religion4 ,a ,,few ,,figures4 ,! am\nt ( ! indirect subsidy annually paid to ! *ur*es by our gov]nm5t :i* pret5ds to sep>ation ( *ur* & /ate _c be exactly det]m9$4 ,/ati/ics ( ! value ( *ur* prop]ty are inaccurately ga!r$1 ) a t5d5cy to und]e/imate2 & tax rates1 ( c\rse1 v>y )9 v wide limits4 ,tak+ ! figures z we f9d !m1 h[ev]1 & assum+ an av]age tax rate ( #a4ej p] #ajj1 we %all /ill arrive at /rik+ results4 ,z we h se51 ,presid5t ,grant1 9 8 presid5tial message = #ahge1 quotes ! am\nt ( *ur* prop]ty exempt f taxation 9 #ahej z approximately #hg1jjj1jjj4 ,?is _h d\bl$1 he /ates1 9 #ahfj2 & ! (ficial figures = #ahgj 7 #ced1dhc1ehg4 ,?is t]rific rate ( gr[?1 f> 9 excess ( ! gr[? ( any o!r =m ( weal?1 c\ld n1 ( c\rse1 be ma9ta9$ 9 full2 b ! actual increase has1 none ! less1 be5 enorm\s & al>m+4 ,9 #ahij1 ! admitt$ value ( *ur* prop]ty1 z compil$ by ,h4 ,k4 ,c>roll1 ,,ll4,d41 ! well-kn[n au?ority on religi\s /ati/ics1 _h ris5 to #fgi1fid1dci4 ,! late/ available figures ( ! pres5t "t are ^? ( #aijf1 9 :i* ye> ! *ur* prop]ty ( ! c\ntry 0 valu$ at #a1beg1ege1hfg4 ,keep+ well )9 b\nds 9 e/imat+ ! value ( ?is favor$ class ( prop]ty 9 ! pres5t ye> 7#aiae71 we %all be m ?an safely cons]vative 9 call+ x at lea/ #a1ejj1jjj1jjj2 & x is /ill rapidly increas+4 ,?us1 f #ahej to #aiae1 ! value ( *ur* prop]ty 0 multipli$ n less ?an f\rte5fold4 ,9 ! same space ( "t1 ! population _h increas$ less ?an f\rfold2 & *ur* memb]%ip has j ab\t kept pace ) ! population2 %[+ a gr[+ t5d5cy to fall beh9d4 ,9 o!r words1 ! *ur*es are mak+ money f ?ree to f\r times z fa/ z !y are ga9+ memb]s 7w9n+ s\ls 9 _! own phrase71 & ! same numb] ( times z rapidly z ! population is gr[+4 ,!y are lay+ up treasures on e>? fa/] ?an any o!r class 9 ! community & at ! exp5se ( ! :ole community2 & x is no wond] t _! clut* on ! ?+s ( ?is _w & _! opposition to any *eck on _! graft prove !m am5able to ! say+3 ,:]e ?y treasure is1 !re w ?y he>t be also4 ,:5 an organization s rapidly absorbs ! weal? ( ! nation x _c res5t ! imputation t acquir+ weal? is its *ief conc]n4 ,at ! assum$ rate ( taxation 7#a4ej p] #ajj71 ! money actually fil*$ f ! public treasury by ! *ur*es is at lea/ #bb1ejj1jjj a ye>2 & ?is m9imum calculation1 f> bel[ ! actual am\nt1 is increas+ swiftly f ye> to ye>4 ,9 all ! talk ( economy 9 taxation1 & ( seek+ new s\rces ( rev5ue1 :5 w our /atesm5 h ! intellig5ce to /op ?is frightful leak8 ,! *ur*es owe ! money1 !y c af=d to pay1 & !y %\ld be made to pay4 ,did !y n set ! satisfaction ( selfi% gre$ above moral & civic consid]ations1 !y w\ld d _! duty )\t compulsion4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 !y w d no?+ = ! community1 except :5 !y are =c$ to obey ! p's w1 ! problem is only t ( enlight5+ ! public z to ! mann] & degree 9 :i* x is robb$4 ,if legislatures _c be f\nd ) moral c\rage to )/& ! ?reats ( ! *ur* lobby1 & ) s5se to p5etrate ! sophi/ries ( ! hir$ lawy]s argu+ 9 behalf ( ! *ur*'s dem&s1 a c\nt] =ce mu/ be provid$ 9 an enlight5$ public s5tim5t s /rong t ! politician w f9d 8 political future dep5d5t on 8 deafness to ! ecclesia/ical sir5s & 8 support ( full ju/ice to ! taxpay+ citiz5s z aga9/ ! pi\s h>pies n[ p]mitt$ to prey ^u !m4 ,to ent] ^u ! figures = ea* ( ! diff]5t /ates & = ! pr9cipal cities w\ld savor ( it]ation4 ,9 no case w analysis ( ! figures = any /ate or city negative ! =ego+ facts or conclusions4 ,^? int]e/$ 9 pursu+ ! "q ( /ati/ical detail may f9d food = /udy & reflection 9 ! "w ( ,h4 ,k4 ,c>roll1 ,,ll4,d41 ,religi\s ,=ces 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 edition ( #aiab1 pages #cgh-cha & #dah-dba4 ,dr4 ,c>roll 0 9 (ficial *>ge ( ! dep>tm5t ( *ur*es 9 ! c5sus ( #ahij & is a recogniz$ au?ority on *ur* /ati/ics4 ,active 9 ,me?odi/ circles all 8 life1 he may be tru/$ to resolve all d\bts 9 favor ( ! *ur*1 & 8 te/imony _c be put aside by *ur* apologi/s4 ,,weal? ,,increases ,,fa/] ,,?an ,,*ur*es4 ,illu/ration ( ! loot+ ( ! public treasury by *ur* exemption may be drawn f ,new ,york4 ,9 ?is /ate *ur* prop]ty 9 #ahij 0 valu$ at #adj1abc1jjh4 ,9 #aijf1 a p]iod ( f\rte5 ye>s1 x _h ris5 to #bee1aff1bhd4 ,"h1 z else:]e 9 ! c\ntry1 ,dr4 ,c>roll po9ts out 7,religi\s ,=ces ,introduction1 p4 #ei7 t ! increase 9 *ur* build+s comes n[h]e ne> keep+ pace ) ! increase 9 values4 ,9 ! c\ntry z a :ole ! increase 9 values f #ahij to #aijf 0 #he4a p] c5t41 :ile ! increase 9 *ur* edifices 0 only #ce4c p] c5t4 ,9 ,new ,york1 ! increase 9 ! numb] ( build+s )9 ! p]iod giv5 0 only f #g1idb to #i1aic1 or less ?an #af p] c5t41 z comp>$ to ! increase 9 value ( m ?an #hb p] c5t4 ,ev5 ) ?is small increase ( *ur*es1 x is notori\s t m build+s exi/ ?an are ne$$ or us$4 ,b tak+ ! figures z !y are1 x is self-evid5t t = ?is huge increm5t ( value ! community gets no?+4 ,ev5 ! fri5dly ,dr4 ,c>roll is =c$ to admit ?is1 & to draw ! inevitable conclusion 7,int41 p4 #fj7 t ! increase results f m co/ly edifices & ! natural increase 9 values1 :i* c mean no?+ b speculative l& values4 ,?is removes ! la/ fa9t pretext = exemption4 ,ev5 suppos+ t ! s]vices r5d]$ by ! *ur*es 7 indisp5sable to ! community1 x is palpable t ! p]=mance ( su* s]vice draws ^u only a fraction ( ! weal? possess$ by ^! bodies4 ,out ( ! imm5se m>g9 !y c\ld well af=d to be> _! hone/ %>e ( civic burd5s1 & w\ld n be compell$ to curtail _! b5efic5t activities 9 ord] to d s4 ,hone/ *ur* taxation w\ld m]ely prev5t ! /or+ up ( sup]flu\s weal? at ! exp5se ( ! :ole p4 ,s9ce ! mo/ valuable *ur* prop]ty is conc5trat$ 9 ! cities1 a glance at _! /ati/ics %\ld n be omitt$4 ,figures = #ahij are giv5 by ,dr4 ,c>roll 9 ! volume cit$1 pages #djj-dae4 ,f ^!1 x appe>s t 9 t ye> #cac1ecg1bdg ( ! total previ\sly giv5 0 situat$ 9 ! #abd cities ( ! fir/1 second & ?ird class4 ,! population ( ^! cities am\nt$ to #ac1ihh1ich 9 #ahij2 t ( ! :ole c\ntry to #fb1fbb1bej4 ,?us 7 ! enorm\s pr(its f ! exemption graft p\r$ ma9ly into ! swoll5 c(f]s ( ! city *ur*es4 ,:ile s]v+ consid]ably less ?an "o-f\r? ( ! population1 !y _h amass$ ne>ly "o-half ( ! prop]ty own$ by all ! *ur*es ( ! c\ntry4 ,! *ur*es ( ,new ,york city alone own$ 9 ! ye> /at$ prop]ty to ! value ( #gc1ceb1dcg1 m t a t5? ( all ! *ur* prop]ty 9 ! c\ntry1 al?\gh !n1 z n[1 conta9+ only ab\t "o-tw5tie? ( ! population4 ,:ile no exact figures are at pres5t available z to ! value ( *ur* prop]ty 9 ! metropolis to-day ! am\nt _c be mu* %ort ( a qu>t] ( a million doll>s4 ,9 a pr9t$ brief pres5t$ to ! ,committee on ,taxation on ! ,new ,york ,con/itutional ,conv5tion1 ,william ,d4 ,gu?rie1 reta9$ z attorney = ! ,roman ,ca?olic int]e/s1 e/imates1 accord+ to figures z ( ,may1 #aiad1 ! am\nt at #agj1dde1gbe499 ,z 8 :ole aim 0 to m9imize ! am\nt ( exemptions ?is is c]ta9ly none too high a figure1 & is probably mu* too l[4 ,all[+ x to /&1 h[ev]1 a comp>ison ) ! =ego+ data w %[ t ei!r ,new ,york *ur*es are at a fe>ful rate gr[+ ri*] & ri*] at ! exp5se ( ! o!r *ur*es ( ! c\ntry1 or t ! total ( *ur* prop]ty 9 ! l& has ris5 to ! appall+ figure ( at lea/ #a1gjj1jjj1jjj4 99 ,9 #aiac an analysis ( ! (ficial figures giv5 9 ! ,city ,record to %[ ! am\nt ( exempt prop]ty 9 ,new ,york ,city 0 made = ,! ,tru? ,seek]4 ,! exempt$ *ur* prop]ty li/$ 0 apprais$ at #bdd1-dde1iee4 ,,population ,,& ,,pr(its4 ,tak+ ! *ur* population in/ead ( ! g5]al population z1 f "s po9ts ( view1 a fair] measure ( ! degree to :i* ! city *ur*es amass weal? at ! exp5se ( ! c\ntry *ur*es1 we f9d t ! total numb] ( communicants 9 #ahij 0 #bj1fah1cjg 9 ! entire c\ntry4 ,9 ! #abd cities ( importance1 ! numb] 0 #e1cjb1jah4 ,x %\ld fur!r be rememb]$ t ! ,roman ,ca?olics are conc5trat$ 9 ! cities1 ab\t "o-t5? ( all ! ,ca?olics 9 ! c\ntry be+ 9 ! s+le city ( ,new ,york2 & t ?is sect does n keep hone/ records ( its communicants1 b practically =ces all ! *ildr5 ( n9e ye>s ( age & above1 born 9 ,ca?olic families1 to become communicants1 & !n on ! basis ( once a ,ca?olic1 always a ,ca?olic1 c\nts !m =ev] aft] 9 its doctor$ figures4 ,?us ! hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( born ,ca?olics :o h turn$ ,prote/ants are c\nt$ twice 9 mak+ up religi\s /ati/ics1 once z ,ca?olics & once z memb]s ( ! d5om9ation to :i* !y h transf]r$ _! allegiance2 :ile ! ex-,ca?olics :o h left ! *ur* altoge!r are /ill c\nt$ 9 to swell ! total4 ,?us ?r\gh accept+ ! crook$ ,roman ,ca?olic /ati/ics1 ! o/5sible numb] ( *ur* memb]s 9 ! c\ntry is greatly ov]e/imat$ by ,dr4 ,c>roll & o!rs1 :ile ! proportion ( ,ca?olics to ! :ole numb] is likewise imm5sely exagg]at$4 ,c\ld we squeeze out ! wat] f ! religi\s /ati/ics1 x w\ld be f\nd t ! actual p]c5tage ( g5u9e communicants 9 ! cities is mu* less ?an "o 9 f\r4 ,ev5 f ,dr4 ,c>roll's figures1 h[ev]1 x is b little m4 ,?us a *ur* memb] 9 "o ( ! cities is a p>tn] 9 twice ! weal? ( a *ur* memb] 9 ! c\ntry2 & :]e ! treasure is1 !re w ! he>t be also4 ,by ! same c5sus1 ! numb] ( communicants 9 ,new ,york city 0 only #hff1efd1 or less ?an "o-tw5ty-?ird ( ! total1 & ?is 9 spite ( hav+ mu* m ?an its %>e ( p]sons di%one/ly c\nt$ z ,ca?olic communicants4 ,s1 accord+ to ! sy/em ( *ur* exemption1 ! ri* ,new ,york *ur*es1 ) less ?an "o *ur* memb] 9 e tw5ty-?ree 9 ! c\ntry z a :ole1 h swept into _! h&s1 by ! me?od attribut$ by ! au?or ( ! ,prov]bs to ! daught]s ( ! horselee*1 m ?an "o-t5? ( all ! *ur* weal?4 ,no wond] !y c af=d to hire exp5sive c\nsel to appe> be=e ! /ate legislature & ! ,con/itutional ,conv5tion to dem& t !y be left undi/urb$ 9 ! pr(itable ent]prise ( impov]i%+ ! community to provide m luxury = !mselves4 ,,prepond]ance ,,( ,,city ,,prop]ty4 ,a f9al comp>ison w prove ev5 m />tl+ ?an :at has gone be=e4 ,9 #ahij1 ! total numb] ( *ur* build+s 9 ! c\ntry 0 #adb1fci2 9 ! cities ref]r$ to1 ! numb] 0 #i1gbb2 & 9 ,new ,york city x 0 #iag4 ,t is to say1 #abd cities1 ) less ?an "o-f\rte5? ! numb] ( *ur* build+s1 possess$ practically "o-half ( ! *ur* weal?2 :ile ! s+le city ( ,new ,york1 :i* absorb$ m ?an "o-t5? ( ! weal?1 _h less ?an "o out ( e #aee ( ! *ur* build+s ( ! c\ntry6 ,no wond] ! *ur*es ( ! l>ge cities1 & ( ,new ,york 9 p>ticul>1 h[l bloody murd] :5 ask$ to "p ) "s ( _! popul> graft & pay _! debts6 ,to !m1 at lea/1 ,*ri/ianity is no long] a religion = ! poor & dis9h]it$ ( e>?1 b ! special enjoym5t ( idle weal? & he>tless vanity4 ,:at ,new ,york lacks 9 numb] ( *ur*es to ! population1 x makes up 9 ! luxuri\s elegance ( ^? x does possess4 ,its h\ses ( wor%ip are magnific5t religi\s clubs = wor%ip on ! de luxe plan4 ,:at ! poor1 w&]+ ,naz>5e1 if any cr$5ce is to be plac$ 9 ! /ory ( 8 life1 w\ld h said to ?is cynical burlesque ( 8 tea*+s1 may be left to ! imag9ation4 ,7 !re any hone/ excuse = ask+ ! /ate to be> "p ( ! burd5s ( ! *ur*1 x w\ld apply 9 a t5fold degree to ! /ruggl+ c\ntry *ur*es1 :i* =m a mu* m organic life ( ! community ?an d ! city ones1 & may mu* m plausibly be cr$it$ ) g5u9e & community-wide social s]vice4 ,z has be5 se51 h[ev]1 tax exemption go+ 9 ! ma9 to multiply ! sup]flu\s weal? ( ! city *ur*es1 does next to no?+ = !m4 ,,! ,,ri* ,,aga9/ ,,! ,,poor4 ,9 addition to all ! o!r unansw]able objections to ! exemption sy/em1 x is ?us irrepealably convict$ ( a sy/ematic discrim9ation 9 favor ( ! ri* z aga9/ ! poor4 ,?is1 9 a nut%ell1 is ! _s ( pres5t-day ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ple?oric *ur*es ( ! cities are ! ma9 foes ( economic hone/y4 ,x is !y1 r ?an ! c\ntry *ur*es1 :i*1 fee+ exp5sive lawy]s & ma9ta9+ elaborate lobbies at our /ate capitals1 m5ace our politicians ) ru9 & br+ all =ms ( pressure to be> to t]rorize our legislatures1 9 ord] to prev5t ! )drawal ( ! special privilege t heaps up 9 _! h&s ! e>n+s wr5*$ f o!rs by legal favoritism2 & 9 all ?is !y are n seek+ to protect _! exi/5ce aga9/ ?reat5$ de/ruction1 nor to keep !mselves f be+ crippl$ 9 _! legitimate "w1 b to add m millions to ! sup]flu\s treasure !y h already extort$ f ! p1 & to cat] to ! decad5t dem& = extravagant display4 ,isolat$ in/ances ( *ur*es engag$ 9 s]i\s attempts to grapple ) ! l>g] social ne$s prove no?+ to ! purpose4 ,su* *ur*es ne$ no graft to w9 ! coop]ation ( devot$ work]s & b5efactors4 ,if !y jo9 9 ! cry = exemption1 x is because !y are made catspaws by ! p>asitic *ur*es1 & h n en\gh fai? 9 righte\sness to %un ! practice ( do+ evil t good may come4 ,9 ord] t ! issue might be made z cle> z possible1 ! discussion has be5 conf9$ directly to *ur*es & *ur* prop]ty4 ,( ! prop]ty ( religi\s & semi-religi\s bodies o!r ?an *ur*es1 & ( ! educational1 hospital1 philan?ropic1 re=matory & o!r in/itutions controll$ by religi\s bodies & exempt f taxation--al?\gh 9 _m cases mak+ _! o/5sible activities a cov] = sect>ian proselytism1 & 9 all cases us+ _! o!rwise excell5t "w z a means ( adv]tis+ _! sects--little has be5 said4 ,! reasons aga9/ exemption ( *ur* prop]ty apply l>gely1 if n fully1 to ^! z well1 al?\gh !y h at lea/ c]ta9 speci\s gr\nds = favor :i* ! *ur*es _c %[4 ,x _c be d\bt$1 at lea/1 t ! m completely society1 9 city1 /ate & nation1 p]=ms all its collective functions directly1 r ?an ?r\gh ! m$ium ( any semi-private in/itution p>tly )drawn f its direct sup]vision & control1 ! bett]4 ,if "s compromise is f\nd necess>y1 x %\ld be look$ ^u only z a tempor>y exp$i5t1 & n z a p]man5t policy4 ,! evils att5dant ^u subsidiz+ any =m ( sect>ian in/itution1 :atev] its social s]vices1 are too great to be ignor$4 ,yet1 mak+ ! l>ge/ possible concessions to ^! bodies1 su* gr\nds ( exp$i5cy z may at pres5t be held to ju/ify _! exemption f taxation _c legitimately be ext5d$ to ! *ur*es1 ^: mission is 9 no way alli$ to any function ( organiz$ society4 ,! taxation ( *ur* prop]ty is dem&$ by e consid]ation ( s\nd public policy1 common s5se1 democracy & ju/ice4 ,9 ! day :5 ^! pr9ciples are he$$1 ! p w come into _! own4 ,! matt] 9 ?is pamphlet is an expansion ( ! argum5t made by ! au?or1 ,june #a1 #aiae1 at a he>+ held 9 ! ,s5ate ,*amb] at ,albany1 ,new ,york1 be=e ! ,committee on ,taxation ( ! ,con/itutional ,conv5tion1 9 support ( an am5dm5t (f]$ by ,james ,l4 ,nixon ( ,buffalo1 to aboli% all exemptions ( *ur* prop]ty f taxation4