,,?\ghts ,,out ,,( ,,season ,,"p ,,ii ,,! ,,use ,,& ,,abuse ,,( ,,hi/ory ,,s*op5hau] ,,z ,,educator ,by ,,fri$ri* ,,nietzs*e ,,translat$ ,,by ,,adrian ,,coll9s1 ,m4,a4 ,illu/ration ,! ,complete ,works ( ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e ,! ,fir/ ,complete & ,au?oris$ ,engli% ,translation ,edit$ by ,dr ,osc> ,levy ,volume ,five ,t4,n4 ,,f\lis #ac #ae ,,fr$]ick ,,/reet ,,ed9burgh3 ,,& ,,london #aiaj ,,to ,l4 ,p4 ,,f ,,! ,,translator4 ,,en ,,reconnaissance4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,introduction ,,! ,,use ,,& ,,abuse ,,( ,,hi/ory ,,s*op5hau] ,,z ,,educator ,,introduction4 ,! two essays translat$ 9 ?is volume =m ! second & ?ird p>ts ( ! ,unzeitgemsse ,betra*tung54 ,! essay on hi/ory 0 complet$ 9 ,janu>y1 t on ,s*op5hau] 9 ,augu/1 #ahgd4 ,bo? 7 writt5 9 ! few mon?s ( fev]i% activity t ,nietzs*e c\ld sp>e f 8 duties z ,pr(essor ( ,classical ,philology 9 ,ble4 ,nietzs*e1 :o s]v$ 9 an ambulance corps 9 '#ga1 _h se5 some?+ ( ! ,franco-,g]man ,w>1 & to him x 0 ! hone/ ,g]man brav]y t _h won ! day4 ,b to ! re/ ( 8 c\ntrym5 x 0 a victory = ,g]man culture z well2 ?\gh !re 7 /ill a few elegancies1 a few ref9em5ts ( mann]s1 t might v5e] ! new culture1 & 9 ?is reg>d ! conqu]$ might be all[$ ! traditional privilege ( conqu]+ ! conqu]ors4 ,nietzs*e answ]$ r\ndly1 ! ,g]man does n yet "k ! mean+ ( ! ^w culture1 & 9 ! essay on hi/ory set himself to %[ t ! s-call$ culture 0 a morass into :i* ! ,g]man _h be5 l$ by a six? s5se he _h develop$ dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury--! hi/orical s5se3 he _h be5 br\ght by 8 spiritual tea*]s to believe t he 0 ! cr[n ( ! _w-process & t 8 highe/ duty lay 9 surr5d]+ himself to x4 ,) ,nietzs*e1 ! hi/orical s5se became a malady f :i* m5 suff]1 ! _w-process an illusion1 evolution>y !ories a subtle excuse = inactivity4 ,hi/ory is = ! few n ! _m1 = ! man n ! y\?1 = ! great n ! small--:o are brok5 & bewild]$ by x4 ,x is ! lesson ( remembrance1 & few are /rong en\gh to be> t lesson4 ,hi/ory has no mean+ except z ! s]vant ( life & action3 & mo/ ( u c only act if we =get4 ,?is is ! burd5 ( ! fir/ essay2 & turn+ f hi/ory to ! hi/orian he condemns ! noisy little fell[s :o measure ! motives ( ! great m5 ( ! pa/ by _! own1 & use ! pa/ to ju/ify _! pres5t4 ,b :o are ! m5 t c use hi/ory rightly1 & = :om x is a help & n a h9drance to life8 ,!y are ! great m5 ( action & ?\ght1 ! lonely giants amid ! pigmies4 ,to !m alone c ! record ( _! great =ebe>s be a consolation z well z a lesson4 ,9 ! realm ( ?\ght1 !y are ( ! type ( ! ideal philosoph] sket*$ 9 ! second essay4 ,to ,nietzs*e ! only hope ( ! race lies 9 ! production ( ! g5ius1 ( ! man :o c be> ! burd5 ( ! future & n be swamp$ by ! pa/3 he f\nd ! p]sonal expression ( su* a man1 = ! "t be+1 9 ,s*op5hau]4 ,s*op5hau] "h /&s1 z a p]sonality1 = all t makes = life 9 philosophy1 aga9/ ! /agnation ( ! pr(essional philosoph]4 ,! la/ "p ( ! essay is a fi]ce polemic aga9/ /ate-aid$ philosophy & ! (ficial position ( ! pr(essors1 :o =m$1 & /ill =m1 ! intellectual ari/ocracy ( ,g]many1 ) a ca!dral au?ority on all _! pron\ncem5ts4 ,b !re has nev] be5 a eulogy on a philosoph]1 says ,dr4 ,kgel1 t has _h s little to say ab\t 8 philosophy4 ,! essay on ,s*op5hau] is ( value precisely because x has no?+ to d ) ,s*op5hau]4 ,we ne$ n be di/urb$ by ! ?\ght t ,nietzs*e aft]w>ds turn$ f him4 ,he truly recognis$ t ,s*op5hau] 0 "h m]ely a "n = himself1 t n ,s*op5hau] z educator is 9 "q1 b 8 opposite1 ,nietzs*e z educator 7,ecce ,homo74 ,he c\ld reg>d ,s*op5hau]1 lat]1 z a sir5 t call$ to dea?2 he put him among ! great arti/s t lead d[n--:o are worse ?an ! bad arti/s t lead n[h]e4 ,we mu/ g fur!r 9 ! pessimi/ic logic ?an ! d5ial ( ! w1 he says 9 ! ,gtz5dmm]ung2 we mu/ d5y ,s*op5hau]4 ,! pessimism & d5ial ( ! w1 ! blank despair be=e suff]+1 7 ! %oals on :i* ,nietzs*e's rev]5ce f9ally broke4 ,!y c\ld n /& be=e ! ,dionysian outlook1 ^: pessimism sprang n f weakness b /r5g?1 & 9 :i* ! joy ( will+ & be+ c ev5 welcome suff]+4 ,9 ?is essay we he> little ( ! pessimism1 save z ! imp]fect & all-too-human side ( ,s*op5hau]1 t actually br+s u ne>] to him4 ,lat]1 he c\ld "p ! man & 8 "w1 & speak ( ,s*op5hau]'s view z ! ,evil eye4 ,b z yet he is a "y man :o has kept 8 illusions1 &1 l ,ognib51 he judges m5 by :at !y might be4 ,aft]w>ds1 he judg$ himself too 9 ^! essays by :at he might be4 ,to me1 he said 9 ,ecce ,homo1 !y are promises3 ,i "k n :at !y mean to o!rs4 ,x is also 9 ! belief !y are promises t !y are "h translat$ = o!rs4 ,! ,?\ghts out ( ,season are ! fir/ ann\ncem5t ( ! complex !me ( ! ,z>a?u/ra4 ,!y =m ! be/ possible introduction to ,nietzs*ean ?\ght4 ,nietzs*e is already ! knight-errant ( philosophy3 b 8 adv5ture is j beg9n+4 ,a4 ,c4 ,,! ,,use ,,& ,,abuse ,,( ,,hi/ory4 ,,preface4 ,i hate ev]y?+ t m]ely in/ructs me )\t increas+ or directly quick5+ my activity4 ,^! words ( ,goe!1 l a s9c]e cet]um c5seo1 may well /& at ! head ( my ?\ghts on ! wor? & ! wor?lessness ( hi/ory4 ,i w %[ 9 !m :y in/ruction t does n quick51 k t slack5s ! re9 ( activity1 :y 9 fact hi/ory1 9 ,goe!'s phrase1 mu/ be s]i\sly hat$1 z a co/ly & sup]flu\s luxury ( ! und]/&+3 = we are /ill 9 want ( ! necess>ies ( life1 & ! sup]flu\s is an enemy to ! necess>y4 ,we d ne$ hi/ory1 b q diff]5tly f ! jad$ idl]s 9 ! g>d5 ( k1 h[ev] gr&ly !y may look d[n on our rude & unpicturesque requirem5ts4 ,9 o!r words1 we ne$ x = life & action1 n z a conv5i5t way to avoid life & action1 or to excuse a selfi% life & a c[>dly or base action4 ,we w\ld s]ve hi/ory only s f> z x s]ves life2 b to value its /udy beyond a c]ta9 po9t mutilates & degrades life3 & ?is is a fact t c]ta9 m>k$ symptoms ( our "t make x z necess>y z x may be pa9ful to br+ to ! te/ ( exp]i5ce4 ,i h tri$ to describe a feel+ t has (t5 tr\bl$ me3 ,i rev5ge myself on x by giv+ x publicity4 ,?is may lead "s "o to expla9 to me t he has also _h ! feel+1 b t ,i d n feel x purely & elem5tally en\gh1 & _c express x ) ! ripe c]ta9ty ( exp]i5ce4 ,a few may say s2 b mo/ p w tell me t x is a p]v]t$1 unnatural1 horrible1 & altoge!r unlawful feel+ to h1 & t ,i %[ myself unwor?y ( ! great hi/orical movem5t :i* is especially /rong among ! ,g]man p = ! la/ two g5]ations4 ,i am at all co/s go+ to v5ture on a description ( my feel+s2 :i* w be decid$ly 9 ! int]e/s ( propriety1 z ,i %all give pl5ty ( opportunity = pay+ complim5ts to su* a movem5t4 ,& ,i ga9 an advantage = myself t is m valuable to me ?an propriety--! atta9m5t ( a correct po9t ( view1 ?r\gh my critics1 ) reg>d to our age4 ,^! ?\ghts are out ( season1 because ,i am try+ to repres5t some?+ ( :i* ! age is rightly pr\d--its hi/orical culture--z a fault & a defect 9 our "t1 believ+ z ,i d t we are all suff]+ f a malignant hi/orical fev] & %\ld at lea/ recognise ! fact4 ,b ev5 if x be a virtue1 ,goe! may be "r 9 ass]t+ t we _c help develop+ our faults at ! same "t z our virtues2 & an excess ( virtue c obvi\sly br+ a nation to ru91 z well z an excess ( vice4 ,9 any case ,i may be all[$ my say4 ,b ,i w fir/ relieve my m9d by ! confession t ! exp]i5ces :i* produc$ ^? di/urb+ feel+s 7 mo/ly drawn f myself1--& f o!r s\rces only = ! sake ( comp>ison2 & t ,i h only rea*$ su* unseasonable exp]i5ce1 s f> z ,i am ! nursl+ ( old] ages l ! ,greek1 & less a *ild ( ?is age4 ,i mu/ admit s mu* 9 virtue ( my pr(ession z a classical s*ol>3 = ,i d n "k :at mean+ classical s*ol>%ip may h = our "t except 9 its be+ unseasonable1--t is1 contr>y to our "t1 & yet ) an influ5ce on x = ! b5efit1 x may be hop$1 ( a future "t4 ,i4 ,consid] ! h]ds t are fe$+ yond]3 !y "k n ! mean+ ( ye/]day or to-day1 !y graze & rum9ate1 move or re/1 f morn+ to night1 f day to day1 tak5 up ) _! little loves & hates1 at ! m]cy ( ! mom5t1 feel+ nei!r melan*oly nor satiety4 ,man _c see !m )\t regret1 = ev5 9 ! pride ( 8 humanity he looks envi\sly on ! bea/'s happ9ess4 ,he wi%es simply to live )\t satiety or pa91 l ! bea/2 yet x is all 9 va91 = he w n *ange places ) x4 ,he may ask ! bea/--,:y d y look at me & n speak to me ( y\r happ9ess8 ,! bea/ wants to answ]--,because ,i always =get :at ,i wi%$ to say3 b he =gets ?is answ] too1 & is sil5t2 & ! man is left to wond]4 ,he wond]s also ab\t himself1 t he _c le>n to =get1 b hangs on ! pa/3 h[ev] f> or fa/ he run1 t *a9 runs ) him4 ,x is matt] = wond]3 ! mom5t1 t is "h & gone1 t 0 no?+ be=e & no?+ aft]1 returns l a spectre to tr\ble ! quiet ( a lat] mom5t4 ,a leaf is cont9ually dropp+ out ( ! volume ( "t & flutt]+ away--& sudd5ly x flutt]s back into ! man's lap4 ,!n he says1 ,i rememb]4441 & envies ! bea/1 t =gets at once1 & sees e mom5t really die1 s9k into night & mi/1 ext+ui%$ = ev]4 ,! bea/ lives unhi/orically2 = x goes into ! pres5t1 l a numb]1 )\t leav+ any curi\s rema9d]4 ,x _c dissimulate1 x conceals no?+2 at e mom5t x seems :at x actually is1 & ?us c be no?+ t is n hone/4 ,b man is always resi/+ ! great & cont9ually increas+ weight ( ! pa/2 x presses him d[n1 & b[s 8 %\ld]s2 he travels ) a d>k invisible burd5 t he c plausibly dis[n1 & is only too glad to dis[n 9 conv]se ) 8 fell[s--9 ord] to excite _! envy4 ,& s x hurts him1 l ! ?\ght ( a lo/ ,p>adise1 to see a h]d graz+1 or1 ne>] /ill1 a *ild1 t has no?+ yet ( ! pa/ to dis[n1 & plays 9 a happy bl9dness betwe5 ! walls ( ! pa/ & ! future4 ,& yet its play mu/ be di/urb$1 & only too soon w x be summon$ f its little k+dom ( oblivion4 ,!n x le>ns to und]/& ! words once ^u a "t1 ! op5 sesame t lets 9 battle1 suff]+ & we>9ess on mank9d1 & rem9ds !m :at _! exi/5ce really is1 an imp]fect t5se t nev] becomes a pres5t4 ,& :5 dea? br+s at la/ ! desir$ =getfulness1 x aboli%es life & be+ toge!r1 & sets ! seal on ! k t be+ is m]ely a cont9ual has be51 a ?+ t lives by d5y+ & de/roy+ & contradict+ itself4 ,if happ9ess & ! *ase = new happ9ess keep alive 9 any s5se ! w to live1 no philosophy has p]haps m tru? ?an ! cynic's3 = ! bea/'s happ9ess1 l t ( ! p]fect cynic1 is ! visible pro( ( ! tru? ( cynicism4 ,! smalle/ pleasure1 if x be only cont9u\s & make "o happy1 is incomp>ably a great] happ9ess ?an ! m int5se pleasure t comes z an episode1 a wild freak1 a mad int]val betwe5 ennui1 desire1 & privation4 ,b 9 ! smalle/ & greate/ happ9ess !re is always "o ?+ t makes x happ9ess3 ! p[] ( =gett+1 or1 9 m le>n$ phrase1 ! capacity ( feel+ unhi/orically ?r\gh\t its duration4 ,"o :o _c leave himself beh9d on ! ?re%old ( ! mom5t & =get ! pa/1 :o _c /& on a s+le po9t1 l a goddess ( victory1 )\t fe> or gidd9ess1 w nev] "k :at happ9ess is2 &1 worse /ill1 w nev] d any?+ to make o!rs happy4 ,! extreme case w\ld be ! man )\t any p[] to =get1 :o is condemn$ to see becom+ ev]y:]e4 ,su* a man believes no m 9 himself or 8 own exi/5ce1 he sees ev]y?+ fly pa/ 9 an et]nal succession1 & loses himself 9 ! /ream ( becom+4 ,at la/1 l ! logical disciple ( ,h]aclitus1 he w h>dly d>e to raise 8 f+]4 ,=getfulness is a prop]ty ( all action2 j z n only light b d>kness is b\nd up ) ! life ( e organism4 ,"o :o wi%$ to feel ev]y?+ hi/orically1 w\ld be l a man =c+ himself to refra9 f sleep1 or a bea/ :o _h to live by *ew+ a cont9ual cud4 ,?us ev5 a happy life is possible )\t remembrance1 z ! bea/ %[s3 b life 9 any true s5se is absolutely impossible )\t =getfulness4 ,or1 to put my conclusion bett]1 !re is a degree ( sleeplessness1 ( rum9ation1 ( hi/orical s5se1 t injures & f9ally de/roys ! liv+ ?+1 be x a man or a p or a sy/em ( culture4 ,to fix ?is degree & ! limits to ! memory ( ! pa/1 if x is n to become ! grav$igg] ( ! pres5t1 we mu/ see cle>ly h[ great is ! pla/ic p[] ( a man or a community or a culture2 ,i mean ! p[] ( specifically gr[+ out ( "o's self1 ( mak+ ! pa/ & ! /range "o body ) ! ne> & ! pres5t1 ( heal+ w\nds1 replac+ :at is lo/1 repair+ brok5 m\lds4 ,!re are m5 :o h ?is p[] s slightly t a s+le %>p exp]i5ce1 a s+le pa91 (t5 a little inju/ice1 w lac]ate _! s\ls l ! scrat* ( a poison$ knife4 ,!re are o!rs1 :o are s little injur$ by ! wor/ mis=tunes1 & ev5 by _! own spiteful actions1 z to feel tol]ably com=table1 ) a fairly quiet consci5ce1 9 ! mid/ ( !m1--or at any rate %ortly aft]w>ds4 ,! deep] ! roots ( a man's inn] nature1 ! bett] w he take ! pa/ into himself2 & ! greate/ & mo/ p[]ful nature w\ld be kn[n by ! abs5ce ( limits = ! hi/orical s5se to ov]gr[ & "w h>m4 ,x w\ld assimilate & dige/ ! pa/1 h[ev] =eign1 & turn x to sap4 ,su* a nature c =get :at x _c subdue2 !re is no break 9 ! horizon1 & no?+ to rem9d x t !re are /ill m51 passions1 !ories & aims on ! o!r side4 ,?is is a univ]sal law2 a liv+ ?+ c only be heal?y1 /rong & productive )9 a c]ta9 horizon3 if x be incapable ( draw+ "o r\nd itself1 or too selfi% to lose its own view 9 ano!r's1 x w come to an untimely end4 ,*e]fulness1 a good consci5ce1 belief 9 ! future1 ! joyful de$1 all dep5d1 9 ! individual z well z ! nation1 on !re be+ a l9e t divides ! visible & cle> f ! vague & %ad[y3 we mu/ "k ! "r "t to =get z well z ! "r "t to rememb]2 & in/9ctively see :5 x is necess>y to feel hi/orically1 & :5 unhi/orically4 ,?is is ! po9t t ! read] is ask$ to consid]2 t ! unhi/orical & ! hi/orical are equally necess>y to ! heal? ( an individual1 a community1 & a sy/em ( culture4 ,e "o has notic$ t a man's hi/orical k & range ( feel+ may be v limit$1 8 horizon z n>r[ z t ( an ,alp9e valley1 8 judgm5ts incorrect & 8 exp]i5ce falsely suppos$ orig9al1 & yet 9 spite ( all ! incorrectness & falsity he may /& =? 9 unconqu]able heal? & vig\r1 to ! joy ( all :o see him2 :]eas ano!r man ) f> m judgm5t & le>n+ w fail 9 comp>ison1 because ! l9es ( 8 horizon are cont9ually *ang+ & %ift+1 & he _c %ake himself free f ! delicate network ( 8 tru? & righte\sness = a d[nright act ( w or desire4 ,we saw t ! bea/1 absolutely unhi/orical1 ) ! n>r[e/ ( horizons1 has yet a c]ta9 happ9ess1 & lives at lea/ )\t hypocrisy or ennui2 & s we may hold ! capacity ( feel+ 7to a c]ta9 ext5t7 unhi/orically1 to be ! m important & elem5tal1 z provid+ ! f\ndation ( e s\nd & real gr[?1 ev]y?+ t is truly great & human4 ,! unhi/orical is l ! surr\nd+ atmosph]e t c alone create life1 & 9 ^: annihilation life itself disappe>s4 ,x is true t man c only become man by fir/ suppress+ ?is unhi/orical elem5t 9 8 ?\ghts1 comp>isons1 di/9ctions1 & conclusions1 lett+ a cle> sudd5 light break ?r\gh ^! mi/y cl\ds by 8 p[] ( turn+ ! pa/ to ! uses ( ! pres5t4 ,b an excess ( hi/ory makes him flag aga91 :ile )\t ! veil ( ! unhi/orical he w\ld nev] h ! c\rage to beg94 ,:at de$s c\ld man ev] h done if he _h n be5 envelop$ 9 ! du/-cl\d ( ! unhi/orical8 ,or1 to leave metaphors & take a concrete example1 imag9e a man sway$ & driv5 by a /rong passion1 :e!r = a woman or a !ory4 ,8 _w is q alt]$4 ,he is bl9d to ev]y?+ beh9d him1 new s\nds are muffl$ & mean+less2 ?\gh 8 p]ceptions 7 nev] s intimately felt 9 all _! col\r1 light & music1 & he ,seems to grasp !m ) 8 five s5ses toge!r4 ,all 8 judgm5ts ( value are *ang$ = ! worse2 !re is mu* he c no long] value1 z he c sc>cely feel x3 he wond]s t he has s long be5 ! sport ( /range words & op9ions1 t 8 recollections h run ar\nd 9 "o unwe>y+ circle & are yet too weak & we>y to make a s+le /ep away f x4 ,8 :ole case is mo/ indef5sible2 x is n>r[1 ungrateful to ! pa/1 bl9d to dang]1 deaf to w>n+s1 a small liv+ eddy 9 a dead sea ( night & =getfulness4 ,& yet ?is condition1 unhi/orical & antihi/orical ?r\gh\t1 is ! cradle n only ( unju/ action1 b ( e j & ju/ifiable action 9 ! _w4 ,no arti/ w pa9t 8 picture1 no g5]al w9 8 victory1 no nation ga9 its fre$om1 )\t hav+ /riv5 & ye>n$ = x "u ^? v unhi/orical conditions4 ,if ! man ( action1 9 ,goe!'s phrase1 is )\t consci5ce1 he is also )\t k3 he =gets mo/ ?+s 9 ord] to d "o1 he is unju/ to :at is beh9d him1 & only recognises "o law1 ! law ( t :i* is to be4 ,s he loves 8 "w inf9itely m ?an x des]ves to be lov$2 & ! be/ works are produc$ 9 su* an ec/asy ( love t !y mu/ always be unwor?y ( x1 h[ev] great _! wor? o!rwise4 ,%\ld any "o be able to dissolve ! unhi/orical atmosph]e 9 :i* e great ev5t happ5s1 & brea! aft]w>ds1 he might be capable ( ris+ to ! sup]-hi/orical /&po9t ( consci\sness1 t ,niebuhr has describ$ z ! possible result ( hi/orical rese>*4 ,hi/ory1 he says1 is useful = "o purpose1 if /udi$ 9 detail3 t m5 may "k1 z ! greate/ & be/ spirits ( our g5]ation d n "k1 ! accid5tal nature ( ! =ms 9 :i* !y see & insi/ on o!rs see+1--insi/1 ,i say1 because _! consci\sness ( !m is exceptionally int5se4 ,any "o :o has n grasp$ ?is idea 9 its diff]5t applications w fall "u ! spell ( a m p[]ful _s :o reads a deep] emotion into ! giv5 =m4 ,su* a /&po9t might be call$ sup]-hi/orical1 z "o :o took x c\ld feel no impulse f hi/ory to any fur!r life or "w1 = he w\ld h recognis$ ! bl9dness & inju/ice 9 ! s\l ( ! do] z a condition ( e de$3 he w\ld be cur$ h5ce=? ( tak+ hi/ory too s]i\sly1 & h le>nt to answ] ! "q h[ & :y life %\ld be liv$1--= all m5 & all circum/ances1 ,greeks or ,turks1 ! fir/ c5tury or ! n9ete5?4 ,:oev] asks 8 fri5ds :e!r !y w\ld live ! la/ t5 or tw5ty ye>s ov] aga91 w easily see :i* ( !m is born = ! sup]-hi/orical /&po9t3 !y w all answ] no1 b w give diff]5t reasons = _! answ]4 ,"s w say !y h ! consolation t ! next tw5ty w be bett]3 !y are ! m5 ref]r$ to satirically by ,david ,hume3-- ,& f ! dregs ( life hope to receive1 ,:at ! fir/ sprightly runn+ c\ld n give4 ,we w call !m ! hi/orical m54 ,_! vision ( ! pa/ turns !m t[>ds ! future1 enc\rages !m to p]sev]e ) life1 & k9dles ! hope t ju/ice w yet come & happ9ess is beh9d ! m\nta9 !y are climb+4 ,!y believe t ! mean+ ( exi/5ce w become ev] cle>] 9 ! c\rse ( its evolution1 !y only look backw>d at ! process to und]/& ! pres5t & /imulate _! long+ = ! future4 ,!y d n "k h[ unhi/orical _! ?\ghts & actions are 9 spite ( all _! hi/ory1 & h[ _! preoccupation ) x is = ! sake ( life r ?an m]e sci5ce4 ,b t "q to :i* we h he>d ! fir/ answ]1 is capable ( ano!r2 also a no1 b on diff]5t gr\nds4 ,x is ! no ( ! sup]-hi/orical man :o sees no salvation 9 evolution1 = :om ! _w is complete & fulfils its aim 9 e s+le mom5t4 ,h[ c\ld ! next t5 ye>s tea* :at ! pa/ t5 7 n able to tea*8 ,:e!r ! aim ( ! tea*+ be happ9ess or resignation1 virtue or p5ance1 ^! sup]-hi/orical m5 are n agre$2 b z aga9/ all m]ely hi/orical ways ( view+ ! pa/1 !y are unanim\s 9 ! !ory t ! pa/ & ! pres5t are "o & ! same1 typically alike 9 all _! div]sity1 & =m+ toge!r a picture ( et]nally pres5t imp]i%able types ( un*angeable value & significance4 ,j z ! hundr$s ( diff]5t languages correspond to ! same con/ant & elem5tal ne$s ( mank9d1 & "o :o und]/ood ! ne$s c\ld le>n no?+ new f ! languages2 s ! sup]-hi/orical philosoph] sees all ! hi/ory ( nations & individuals f )94 ,he has a div9e insight into ! orig9al mean+ ( ! hi]oglyphs1 & comes ev5 to be we>y ( ! lett]s t are cont9ually unroll$ be=e him4 ,h[ %\ld ! endless ru% ( ev5ts n br+ satiety1 surfeit1 loa?+8 ,s ! bolde/ ( u is ready p]haps at la/ to say f 8 he>t ) ,giacomo ,leop>di3 ,no?+ lives t 7 wor? ?y pa9s1 & ! e>? des]ves n a sigh4 ,our be+ is pa9 & we>9ess1 & ! _w is mud--no?+ else4 ,be calm4 ,b we w leave ! sup]-hi/orical m5 to _! loa?+s & _! wisdom3 we wi% r to-day to be joyful 9 our unwisdom & h a pleasant life z active m5 :o g =w>d1 & respect ! c\rse ( ! _w4 ,! value we put on ! hi/orical may be m]ely a ,we/]n prejudice3 let u at lea/ g =w>d )9 ?is prejudice & n /& /ill4 ,if we c\ld only le>n bett] to /udy hi/ory z a means to life6 ,we w\ld gladly grant ! sup]-hi/orical p _! sup]ior wisdom1 s long z we are sure ( hav+ m life ?an !y3 = 9 t case our unwisdom w\ld h a great] future be=e x ?an _! wisdom4 ,to make my opposition betwe5 life & wisdom cle>1 ,i w take ! usual road ( ! %ort summ>y4 ,a hi/orical ph5om5on1 completely und]/ood & r$uc$ to an item ( k1 is1 9 relation to ! man :o kn[s x1 dead3 = he has f\nd out its madness1 its inju/ice1 its bl9d passion1 & especially ! e>?ly & d>k5$ horizon t 0 ! s\rce ( its p[] = hi/ory4 ,?is p[] has n[ become1 = him :o has recognis$ x1 p[]less2 n yet1 p]haps1 = him :o is alive4 ,hi/ory reg>d$ z pure k & all[$ to sway ! intellect w\ld mean = m5 ! f9al balanc+ ( ! l$g] ( life4 ,hi/orical /udy is only fruitful = ! future if x foll[ a p[]ful life-giv+ influ5ce1 = example1 a new sy/em ( culture2 only1 !re=e1 if x be guid$ & dom9at$ by a high] =ce1 & d n itself guide & dom9ate4 ,hi/ory1 s f> z x s]ves life1 s]ves an unhi/orical p[]1 & ?us w nev] become a pure sci5ce l ma!matics4 ,! "q h[ f> life ne$s su* a s]vice is "o ( ! mo/ s]i\s que/ions affect+ ! well-be+ ( a man1 a p & a culture4 ,= by excess ( hi/ory life becomes maim$ & deg5]ate1 & is foll[$ by ! deg5]ation ( hi/ory z well4 ,,ii4 ,! fact t life does ne$ ! s]vice ( hi/ory mu/ be z cle>ly grasp$ z t an excess ( hi/ory hurts x2 ?is w be prov$ lat]4 ,hi/ory is necess>y to ! liv+ man 9 ?ree ways3 9 relation to 8 action & /ruggle1 8 cons]vatism & rev]5ce1 8 suff]+ & 8 desire = deliv]ance4 ,^! ?ree relations answ] to ! ?ree k9ds ( hi/ory--s f> z !y c be di/+ui%$--! monum5tal1 ! antiqu>ian1 & ! critical4 ,hi/ory is necess>y above all to ! man ( action & p[] :o fights a great fight & ne$s examples1 tea*]s & com=t]s2 he _c f9d !m among 8 contempor>ies4 ,x 0 necess>y 9 ?is s5se to ,s*ill]2 = our "t is s evil1 ,goe! says1 t ! poet meets no nature t w pr(it him1 among liv+ m54 ,polybius is ?9k+ ( ! active man :5 he calls political hi/ory ! true prep>ation = gov]n+ a /ate2 x is ! great tea*]1 t %[s u h[ to be> /eadfa/ly ! rev]ses ( =tune1 by rem9d+ u ( :at o!rs h suff]$4 ,:oev] has le>n$ to recognise ?is mean+ 9 hi/ory mu/ hate to see curi\s t\ri/s & labori\s beetle-hunt]s climb+ up ! great pyramids ( antiquity4 ,he does n wi% to meet ! idl] :o is ru%+ ?r\gh ! picture-gall]ies ( ! pa/ = a new di/raction or s5sation1 :]e he himself is look+ = example & enc\ragem5t4 ,to avoid be+ tr\bl$ by ! weak & hopeless idl]s1 & ^? ^: app>5t activity is m]ely neurotic1 he looks beh9d him & /ays 8 c\rse t[>ds ! goal 9 ord] to brea!4 ,8 goal is happ9ess1 n p]haps 8 own1 b (t5 ! nation's1 or humanity's at l>ge3 he avoids quietism1 & uses hi/ory z a weapon aga9/ x4 ,= ! mo/ "p he has no hope ( rew>d except fame1 :i* means ! expectation ( a ni*e 9 ! temple ( hi/ory1 :]e he 9 8 turn may be ! consol] & c\nsellor ( po/]ity4 ,= 8 ord]s are t :at has once be5 able to ext5d ! conception man & give x a fair] cont5t1 mu/ ev] exi/ = ! same (fice4 ,! great mom5ts 9 ! individual battle =m a *a91 a high road = humanity ?r\gh ! ages1 & ! highe/ po9ts ( ^? vani%$ mom5ts are yet great & liv+ = m52 & ?is is ! fundam5tal idea ( ! belief 9 humanity1 t f9ds a voice 9 ! dem& = a monum5tal hi/ory4 ,b ! fi]ce/ battle is f\ght r\nd ! dem& = greatness to be et]nal4 ,e o!r liv+ ?+ cries no4 ,away ) ! monum5ts1 is ! wat*-^w4 ,dull cu/om fills all ! *amb]s ( ! _w ) its meanness1 & rises 9 ?ick vap\r r\nd any?+ t is great1 b>r+ its way to immortality1 bl9d+ & /ifl+ x4 ,& ! way passes ?r\gh mortal bra9s6 ,?r\gh ! bra9s ( sick & %ort-liv$ bea/s t ev] rise to ! surface to brea!1 & pa9fully keep (f annihilation = a little space4 ,= !y wi% b "o ?+3 to live at any co/4 ,:o w\ld ev] dream ( any monum5tal hi/ory among !m1 ! h>d tor*-race t alone gives life to greatness8 ,& yet !re are always m5 awak5+1 :o are /r5g!n$ & made happy by gaz+ on pa/ greatness1 z ?\gh man's life 7 a lordly ?+1 & ! faire/ fruit ( ?is bitt] tree 7 ! k t !re 0 once a man :o walk$ /]nly & pr\dly ?r\gh ?is _w1 ano!r :o _h pity & lov+-k9dness1 ano!r :o liv$ 9 contemplation1--b all leav+ "o tru? beh9d !m1 t 8 life is ! faire/ :o ?9ks lea/ ab\t life4 ,! common man snat*es gre$ily at ?is little span1 ) tragic e>ne/ness1 b !y1 on _! way to monum5tal hi/ory & immortality1 knew h[ to greet x ) ,olympic laught]1 or at lea/ ) a l(ty scorn2 & !y w5t d[n to _! graves 9 irony--= :at _h !y to bury8 ,only :at !y _h always treat$ z dross1 refuse1 & vanity1 & :i* n[ falls into its true home ( oblivion1 aft] be+ s long ! sport ( _! contempt4 ,"o ?+ w live1 ! sign-manual ( _! inmo/ be+1 ! r>e fla% ( light1 ! de$1 ! creation2 because po/]ity _c d )\t x4 ,9 ?is spiritualis$ =m fame is some?+ m ?an ! sweete/ morsel = our egoism1 9 ,s*op5hau]'s phrase3 x is ! belief 9 ! on5ess & cont9uity ( ! great 9 e age1 & a prote/ aga9/ ! *ange & decay ( g5]ations4 ,:at is ! use to ! mod]n man ( ?is monum5tal contemplation ( ! pa/1 ?is preoccupation ) ! r>e & classic8 ,x is ! k t ! great ?+ exi/$ & 0 !re=e possible1 & s may be possible aga94 ,he is he>t5$ on 8 way2 = 8 d\bt 9 weak] mom5ts1 :e!r 8 desire be n = ! impossible1 is /ruck aside4 ,suppose "o believe t no m ?an a hundr$ m51 br\ght up 9 ! new _s1 effici5t & productive1 7 ne$$ to give ! dea?bl[ to ! pres5t fa%ion ( education 9 ,g]many2 he w ga!r /r5g? f ! remembrance t ! culture ( ! ,r5aissance 0 rais$ on ! %\ld]s ( su* ano!r b& ( a hundr$ m54 ,& yet if we really wi% to le>n some?+ f an example1 h[ vague & elusive d we f9d ! comp>ison6 ,if x is to give u /r5g?1 _m ( ! diff]5ces mu/ be neglect$1 ! individuality ( ! pa/ =c$ into a g5]al =mula & all ! %>p angles brok5 (f = ! sake ( correspond5ce4 ,ultimately1 ( c\rse1 :at 0 once possible c only become possible a second "t on ! ,py?agorean !ory1 t :5 ! heav5ly bodies are 9 ! same position aga91 ! ev5ts on e>? are reproduc$ to ! smalle/ detail2 s :5 ! />s h a c]ta9 relation1 a ,/oic & an ,epicurean w =m a conspiracy to murd] ,cs>1 & a diff]5t conjunction w %[ ano!r ,columbus discov]+ ,am]ica4 ,only if ! e>? always began its drama aga9 aft] ! fif? act1 & x 7 c]ta9 t ! same int]action ( motives1 ! same deus ex ma*9a1 ! same cata/rophe w\ld occur at p>ticul> int]vals1 c\ld ! man ( action v5ture to look = ! :ole ar*etypic tru? 9 monum5tal hi/ory1 to see ea* fact fully set out 9 its uniqu5ess3 x w\ld n probably be be=e ! a/ronom]s became a/rolog]s aga94 ,till !n monum5tal hi/ory w nev] be able to h complete tru?2 x w always br+ toge!r ?+s t are incompatible & g5]alise !m into compatibility1 w always weak5 ! diff]5ces ( motive & occasion4 ,its object is to depict effects at ! exp5se ( ! causes--monum5tally1 t is1 z examples = imitation3 x turns aside1 z f> z x may1 f reasons1 & might be call$ ) f> less exagg]ation a collection ( effects 9 !mselves1 ?an ( ev5ts t w h an effect on all ages4 ,! ev5ts ( w> or religion *]i%$ 9 our popul> celebrations are su* effects 9 !mselves2 x is ^! t w n let ambition sleep1 & lie l amulets on ! bold] he>ts--n ! real hi/orical nexus ( cause & effect1 :i*1 rightly und]/ood1 w\ld only prove t no?+ q simil> c\ld ev] be ca/ aga9 f ! dice-boxes ( fate & ! future4 ,z long z ! s\l ( hi/ory is f\nd 9 ! great impulse t x gives to a p[]ful _s1 z long z ! pa/ is pr9cipally us$ z a model = imitation1 x is always 9 dang] ( be+ a little alt]$ & t\*$ up1 & br\ght ne>] to fiction4 ,sometimes !re is no possible di/9ction betwe5 a monum5tal pa/ & a my?ical romance1 z ! same motives = action c be ga!r$ f ! "o _w z ! o!r4 ,if ?is monum5tal me?od ( survey+ ! pa/ dom9ate ! o!rs1--! antiqu>ian & ! critical1--! pa/ itself suff]s wrong4 ,:ole tracts ( x are =gott5 & despis$2 !y fl[ away l a d>k unbrok5 riv]1 ) only a few gaily col\r$ isl&s ( fact ris+ above x4 ,!re is some?+ beyond nature 9 ! r>e figures t become visible1 l ! gold5 hips t 8 disciples attribut$ to ,py?agoras4 ,monum5tal hi/ory lives by false analogy2 x entices ! brave to ra%ness1 & ! en?usia/ic to fanaticism by its tempt+ comp>isons4 ,imag9e ?is hi/ory 9 ! h&s--& ! head--( a gift$ egoi/ or an inspir$ sc\ndrel2 k+doms w be ov]?r[n1 pr9ces murd]$1 w> & revolution let loose1 & ! numb] ( effects 9 !mselves--9 o!r words1 effects )\t suffici5t cause--increas$4 ,s mu* = ! h>m done by monum5tal hi/ory to ! p[]ful m5 ( action1 be !y good or bad2 b :at if ! weak & ! inactive take x z _! s]vant--or _! ma/]6 ,consid] ! simple/ & commone/ example1 ! in>ti/ic or half arti/ic natures :om a monum5tal hi/ory provides ) sword & buckl]4 ,!y w use ! weapons aga9/ _! h]$it>y enemies1 ! great arti/ic spirits1 :o alone c le>n f t hi/ory ! "o real lesson1 h[ to live1 & embody :at !y h le>nt 9 noble action4 ,_! way is ob/ruct$1 _! free air d>k5$ by ! idolatr\s--& consci5ti\s--dance r\nd ! half und]/ood monum5t ( a great pa/4 ,see1 t is ! true & real art1 we seem to he>3 ( :at use are ^! aspir+ little p ( to-day8 ,! danc+ cr[d has app>5tly ! monopoly ( good ta/e3 = ! creator is always at a disadvantage comp>$ ) ! m]e look]-on1 :o nev] put a h& to ! "w2 j z ! arm-*air politician has ev] _h m wisdom & =esight ?an ! actual /atesman4 ,b if ! cu/om ( democratic suffrage & num]ical majorities be transf]r$ to ! realm ( art1 & ! arti/ put on 8 def5ce be=e ! c\rt ( /hetic dilettanti1 y may take y\r oa? on 8 condemnation2 al?\gh1 or r because1 8 judges _h proclaim$ solemnly ! canon ( monum5tal art1 ! art t has _h an effect on all ages1 accord+ to ! (ficial def9ition4 ,9 _! eyes no ne$ nor incl9ation nor hi/orical au?ority is 9 fav\r ( ! art :i* is n yet monum5tal because x is contempor>y4 ,_! in/9ct tells !m t art c be sla9 by art3 ! monum5tal w nev] be reproduc$1 & ! weight ( its au?ority is invok$ f ! pa/ to make x sure4 ,!y are connoisseurs ( art1 prim>ily because !y wi% to kill art2 !y pret5d to be physicians1 :5 _! real idea is to dabble 9 poisons4 ,!y develop _! ta/es to a po9t ( p]v]sion1 t !y may be able to %[ a reason = cont9ually reject+ all ! n\ri%+ arti/ic f>e t is (f]$ !m4 ,= !y d n want greatness1 to arise3 _! me?od is to say1 ,see1 ! great ?+ is already "h6 ,9 reality !y c>e z little ab\t ! great ?+ t is already "h1 z t :i* is ab\t to arise3 _! lives are evid5ce ( t4 ,monum5tal hi/ory is ! cloak "u :i* _! hatr$ ( pres5t p[] & greatness masqu]ades z an extreme admiration ( ! pa/3 ! real mean+ ( ?is way ( view+ hi/ory is disguis$ z its opposite2 :e!r !y wi% x or no1 !y are act+ z ?\gh _! motto 71 let ! dead bury !--liv+4 ,ea* ( ! ?ree k9ds ( hi/ory w only fl\ri% 9 "o gr\nd & climate3 o!rwise x gr[s to a noxi\s we$4 ,if ! man :o w produce some?+ great1 h ne$ ( ! pa/1 he makes himself its ma/] by means ( monum5tal hi/ory3 ! man :o c re/ cont5t ) ! traditional & v5]able1 uses ! pa/ z an antiqu>ian hi/orian3 & only he ^: he>t is oppress$ by an in/ant ne$1 & :o w ca/ ! burd5 (f at any price1 feels ! want ( critical hi/ory1 ! hi/ory t judges & condemns4 ,!re is mu* h>m wr\ght by wrong & ?\ghtless plant+3 ! critic )\t ! ne$1 ! antiqu>y )\t piety1 ! kn[] ( ! great de$ :o _c be ! do] ( x1 are plants t h gr[n to we$s1 !y are torn f _! native soil & !re=e deg5]ate4 ,,iii4 ,secondly1 hi/ory is necess>y to ! man ( cons]vative & rev]5t nature1 :o looks back to ! orig9s ( 8 exi/5ce ) love & tru/2 ?r\gh x1 he gives ?anks = life4 ,he is c>eful to pres]ve :at survives f anci5t days1 & w reproduce ! conditions ( 8 own upbr++ = ^? :o come aft] him2 ?us he does life a s]vice4 ,! possession ( 8 ance/ors' furniture *anges its mean+ 9 8 s\l3 = 8 s\l is r possess$ by x4 ,all t is small & limit$1 m\ldy & obsolete1 ga9s a wor? & inviolability ( its own f ! cons]vative & rev]5t s\l ( ! antiqu>y migrat+ into x1 & build+ a secret ne/ !re4 ,! hi/ory ( 8 t[n becomes ! hi/ory ( himself2 he looks on ! walls1 ! turret$ gate1 ! t[n c\ncil1 ! fair1 z an illu/rat$ di>y ( 8 y\?1 & sees himself 9 x all--8 /r5g?1 indu/ry1 desire1 reason1 faults & follies4 ,"h "o c\ld live1 he says1 z "o c live "h n[--& w g on liv+2 = we are t\gh folk1 & w n be uproot$ 9 ! night4 ,& s1 ) 8 we1 he surveys ! m>vell\s individual life ( ! pa/ & id5tifies himself ) ! _s ( ! h\se1 ! family & ! city4 ,he greets ! s\l ( 8 p f af> z 8 own1 across ! dim & tr\bl$ c5turies3 8 gifts & 8 virtues lie 9 su* p[] ( feel+ & div9ation1 8 sc5t ( a half-vani%$ trail1 8 in/9ctive correctness 9 read+ ! scribbl$ pa/1 & und]/&+ at once its palimpse/s--nay1 its polypse/s4 ,goe! /ood ) su* ?\ghts be=e ! monum5t ( ,erw9 von ,/e9ba*3 ! /orm ( 8 feel+ r5t ! hi/orical cl\d-veil t hung betwe5 !m1 & he saw ! ,g]man "w = ! fir/ "t com+ f ! /]n1 r\gh1 ,g]man s\l4 ,?is 0 ! road t ! ,italians ( ! ,r5aissance travell$1 ! _s t reawak5$ ! anci5t ,italic g5ius 9 _! poets to a wondr\s e*o ( ! immemorial lyre1 z ,jacob ,burckh>dt says4 ,b ! greate/ value ( ?is antiqu>ian _s ( rev]5ce lies 9 ! simple emotions ( pleasure & cont5t t x l5ds to ! drab1 r\gh1 ev5 pa9ful circum/ances ( a nation's or individual's life3 ,niebuhr confesses t he c\ld live happily on a moor among free peasants ) a hi/ory1 & w\ld nev] feel ! want ( art4 ,h[ c\ld hi/ory s]ve life bett] ?an by an*or+ ! less gift$ races & peoples to ! homes & cu/oms ( _! ance/ors1 & keep+ !m f rang+ f> afield 9 se>* ( bett]1 to f9d only /ruggle & competition8 ,! influ5ce t ties m5 d[n to ! same companions & circum/ances1 to ! daily r\nd ( toil1 to _! b>e m\nta9-side1--seems to be selfi% & unreasonable3 b x is a heal?y unreason & ( pr(it to ! community2 z e "o kn[s :o has cle>ly realis$ ! t]rible consequ5ces ( m]e desire = migration & adv5ture1--p]haps 9 :ole peoples1--or :o wat*es ! de/9y ( a nation t has lo/ confid5ce 9 its e>li] days1 & is giv5 up to a re/less cosmopolitanism & an unceas+ desire = novelty4 ,! feel+ ( ! tree t cl+s to its roots1 ! happ9ess ( kn[+ "o's gr[? to be "o n m]ely arbitr>y & =tuit\s1 b ! inh]itance1 ! fruit & blossom ( a pa/1 t does n m]ely ju/ify b cr[n ! pres5t--?is is :at we n[adays pref] to call ! real hi/orical s5se4 ,^! are n ! conditions mo/ fav\rable to r$uc+ ! pa/ to pure sci5ce3 & we see "h too1 z we saw 9 ! case ( monum5tal hi/ory1 t ! pa/ itself suff]s :5 hi/ory s]ves life & is direct$ by its end4 ,to v>y ! metaphor1 ! tree feels its roots bett] ?an x c see !m3 ! greatness ( ! feel+ is measur$ by ! greatness & /r5g? ( ! visible bran*es4 ,! tree may be wrong "h2 h[ f> m wrong w x be 9 reg>d to ! :ole =e/1 :i* x only kn[s & feels s f> z x is h9d]$ or help$ by x1 & n o!rwise6 ,! antiqu>ian s5se ( a man1 a city or a nation has always a v limit$ field4 ,_m ?+s are n notic$ at all2 ! o!rs are se5 9 isolation1 z ?r\gh a microscope4 ,!re is no measure3 equal importance is giv5 to ev]y?+1 & !re=e too mu* to any?+4 ,= ! ?+s ( ! pa/ are nev] view$ 9 _! true p]spective or receive _! j value2 b value & p]spective *ange ) ! individual or ! nation t is look+ back on its pa/4 ,!re is always ! dang] "h1 t ev]y?+ anci5t w be reg>d$ z equally v5]able1 & ev]y?+ )\t ?is respect = antiquity1 l a new _s1 reject$ z an enemy4 ,! ,greeks !mselves admitt$ ! ar*aic /yle ( pla/ic art by ! side ( ! fre] & great] /yle2 & lat]1 did n m]ely tol]ate ! po9t$ nose & ! cold m\?1 b made !m ev5 a canon ( ta/e4 ,if ! judgm5t ( a p h>d5 9 ?is way1 & hi/ory's s]vice to ! pa/ life be to und]m9e a fur!r & high] life2 if ! hi/orical s5se no long] pres]ve life1 b mummify x3 !n ! tree dies1 unnaturally1 f ! top d[nw>ds1 & at la/ ! roots !mselves )]4 ,antiqu>ian hi/ory deg5]ates f ! mom5t t x no long] gives a s\l & inspiration to ! fre% life ( ! pres5t4 ,! spr+ ( piety is dri$ up1 b ! le>n$ habit p]si/s )\t x & revolves complaisantly r\nd its own c5tre4 ,! horrid spectacle is se5 ( ! mad collector rak+ ov] all ! du/-heaps ( ! pa/4 ,he brea!s a m\ldy air2 ! antiqu>ian habit may degrade a consid]able tal5t1 a real spiritual ne$ 9 him1 to a m]e insatiable curiosity = ev]y?+ old3 he (t5 s9ks s l[ z to be satisfi$ ) any food1 & gre$ily dev\r all ! scraps t fall f ! bibliographical table4 ,ev5 if ?is deg5]ation d n take place1 & ! f\ndation be n )]$ on :i* antiqu>ian hi/ory c alone take root ) pr(it to life3 yet !re are dang]s en\gh1 if x become too p[]ful & invade ! t]ritories ( ! o!r me?ods4 ,x only und]/&s h[ to pres]ve life1 n to create x2 & ?us always und]values ! pres5t gr[?1 hav+1 unlike monum5tal hi/ory1 no c]ta9 in/9ct = x4 ,?us x h9d]s ! mighty impulse to a new de$ & p>alyses ! do]1 :o mu/ always1 z do]1 be graz+ "s piety or o!r4 ,! fact t has gr[n old c>ries ) x a dem& = its own immortality4 ,= :5 "o consid]s ! life-hi/ory ( su* an anci5t fact1 ! am\nt ( rev]5ce paid to x = g5]ations--:e!r x be a cu/om1 a religi\s cre$1 or a political pr9ciple1--x seems presumptu\s1 ev5 impi\s1 to replace x by a new fact1 & ! anci5t congregation ( pieties by a new piety4 ,"h we see cle>ly h[ necess>y a ?ird way ( look+ at ! pa/ is to man1 beside ! o!r two4 ,?is is ! critical way2 :i* is also 9 ! s]vice ( life4 ,man mu/ h ! /r5g? to break up ! pa/2 & apply x too1 9 ord] to live4 ,he mu/ br+ ! pa/ to ! b> ( judgm5t1 int]rogate x remorselessly1 & f9ally condemn x4 ,e pa/ is wor? condemn+3 ?is is ! rule 9 mortal affairs1 :i* always conta9 a l>ge measure ( human p[] & human weakness4 ,x is n ju/ice t sits 9 judgm5t "h2 nor m]cy t proclaims ! v]dict2 b only life1 ! dim1 driv+ =ce t insatiably desires--itself4 ,its s5t5ce is always unm]ciful1 always unju/1 z x nev] fl[s f a pure f\nta9 ( k3 ?\gh x w\ld g5]ally turn out ! same1 if ,ju/ice h]self deliv]$ x4 ,= ev]y?+ t is born is wor?y ( be+ de/roy$3 bett] 7 x !n t no?+ %\ld be born4 ,x requires great /r5g? to be able to live & =get h[ f> life & inju/ice are "o4 ,lu!r himself once said t ! _w only arose by an ov]sight ( ,god2 if he _h ev] dream$ ( heavy ordnance1 he w\ld nev] h creat$ x4 ,! same life t ne$s =getfulness1 ne$s sometimes its de/ruction2 = %\ld ! inju/ice ( some?+ ev] become obvi\s--a monopoly1 a ca/e1 a dyna/y = example--! ?+ des]ves to fall4 ,its pa/ is critically exam9$1 ! knife put to its roots1 & all ! pieties are grimly trodd5 "u foot4 ,! process is always dang]\s1 ev5 = life2 & ! m5 or ! times t s]ve life 9 ?is way1 by judg+ & annihilat+ ! pa/1 are always dang]\s to !mselves & o!rs4 ,= z we are m]ely ! resultant ( previ\s g5]ations1 we are also ! resultant ( _! errors1 passions1 & crimes3 x is impossible to %ake (f ?is *a94 ,?\gh we condemn ! errors & ?9k we h escap$ !m1 we _c escape ! fact t we spr+ f !m4 ,at be/1 x comes to a conflict betwe5 our innate1 inh]it$ nature & our k1 betwe5 a /]n1 new discipl9e & an anci5t tradition2 & we plant a new way ( life1 a new in/9ct1 a second nature1 t )]s ! fir/4 ,x is an attempt to ga9 a pa/ a po/]iori f :i* we might spr+1 z aga9/ t f :i* we d spr+2 always a dang]\s attempt1 z x is difficult to f9d a limit to ! d5ial ( ! pa/1 & ! second natures are g5]ally weak] ?an ! fir/4 ,we /op too (t5 at kn[+ ! good )\t do+ x1 because we also "k ! bett] b _c d x4 ,"h & !re ! victory is won1 :i* gives a /range consolation to ! fight]s1 to ^? :o use critical hi/ory = ! sake ( life4 ,! consolation is ! k t ?is fir/ nature 0 once a second1 & t e conqu]+ second nature becomes a fir/4 ,,iv4 ,?is is h[ hi/ory c s]ve life4 ,e man & nation ne$s a c]ta9 k ( ! pa/1 :e!r x be ?r\gh monum5tal1 antiqu>ian1 or critical hi/ory1 accord+ to 8 objects1 p[]s1 & necessities4 ,! ne$ is n t ( ! m]e ?9k]s :o only look on at life1 or ! few :o desire k & c only be satisfi$ ) k2 b x has always a ref]5ce to ! end ( life1 & is "u its absolute rule & direction4 ,?is is ! natural relation ( an age1 a culture & a p to hi/ory2 hung] is its s\rce1 necessity its norm1 ! inn] pla/ic p[] assigns its limits4 ,! k ( ! pa/ is only desir$ = ! s]vice ( ! future & ! pres5t1 n to weak5 ! pres5t or und]m9e a liv+ future4 ,all ?is is z simple z tru? itself1 & q conv9c+ to any "o :o is n 9 ! toils ( hi/orical d$uction4 ,& n[ to take a quick glance at our "t6 ,we fly back 9 a/oni%m5t4 ,! cle>ness1 naturalness1 & purity ( ! connection betwe5 life & hi/ory has vani%$2 & 9 :at a maze ( exagg]ation & contradiction d we n[ see ! problem6 ,is ! guilt ours :o see x1 or h life & hi/ory really alt]$ _! conjunction & an inauspici\s /> ris5 betwe5 !m8 ,o!rs may prove we h se5 falsely2 ,i am m]ely say+ :at we believe we see4 ,!re is su* a />1 a bright & lordly />1 & ! conjunction is really alt]$--by sci5ce1 & ! dem& = hi/ory to be a sci5ce4 ,life is no m dom9ant1 & k ( ! pa/ no long] its ?rall3 b\nd>y m>ks are ov]?r[n ev]y?+ bur/s its limits4 ,! p]spective ( ev5ts is blurr$1 & ! blur ext5ds ?r\gh _! :ole immeasurable c\rse4 ,no g5]ation has se5 su* a panoramic com$y z is %[n by ! sci5ce ( univ]sal evolution1 hi/ory2 t %[s x ) ! dang]\s audacity ( its motto--,fiat v]itas1 p]eat vita4 ,let me give a picture ( ! spiritual ev5ts 9 ! s\l ( ! mod]n man4 ,hi/orical k /reams on him f s\rces t are inexhau/ible1 /range incoh]5cies come toge!r1 memory op5s all its gates & yet is nev] op5 wide en\gh1 nature busies h]self to receive all ! =eign gue/s1 to hon\r !m & put !m 9 _! places4 ,b !y are at w> ) ea* o!r3 viol5t measures seem necess>y1 9 ord] to escape de/ruction "o's self4 ,x becomes second nature to gr[ gradually accu/om$ to ?is irregul> & /ormy home-life1 ?\gh ?is second nature is unque/ionably weak]1 m re/less1 m radically uns\nd ?an ! fir/4 ,! mod]n man c>ries inside him an enorm\s heap ( indige/ible k-/ones t occasionally rattle toge!r 9 8 body1 z ! fairy-tale has x4 ,& ! rattle reveals ! mo/ /rik+ *>act]i/ic ( ^! mod]n m51 ! opposition ( some?+ inside !m to :i* no?+ ext]nal corresponds2 & ! rev]se4 ,! anci5t nations knew no?+ ( ?is4 ,k1 tak5 9 excess )\t hung]1 ev5 contr>y to desire1 has no m ! effect ( trans=m+ ! ext]nal life2 & rema9s hidd5 9 a *aotic inn] _w t ! mod]n man has a curi\s pride 9 call+ 8 real p]sonality4 ,he has ! sub/ance1 he says1 & only wants ! =m2 b ?is is q an unreal opposition 9 a liv+ ?+4 ,our mod]n culture is = t reason n a liv+ "o1 because x _c be und]/ood )\t t opposition4 ,9 o!r words1 x is n a real culture b a k9d ( k ab\t culture1 a complex ( v>i\s ?\ghts & feel+s ab\t x1 f :i* no decision z to its direction c come4 ,its real motive =ce t issues 9 visible action is (t5 no m ?an a m]e conv5tion1 a wret*$ imitation1 or ev5 a %ameless c>icature4 ,! man probably feels l ! snake t has swall[$ a rabbit :ole & lies /ill 9 ! sun1 avoid+ all movem5t n absolutely necess>y4 ,! inn] life is n[ ! only ?+ t matt]s to education1 & all :o see x hope t ! education may n fail by be+ too indige/ible4 ,imag9e a ,greek meet+ x2 he w\ld obs]ve t = mod]n m5 education & hi/orical education seem to mean ! same ?+1 ) ! diff]5ce t ! "o phrase is long]4 ,& if he spoke ( 8 own !ory1 t a man c be v well educat$ )\t any hi/ory at all1 p w\ld %ake _! heads & ?9k !y _h n he>d aright4 ,! ,greeks1 ! fam\s p ( a pa/ /ill ne> to u1 _h ! unhi/orical s5se /rongly develop$ 9 ! p]iod ( ! greate/ p[]4 ,if a typical *ild ( ?is age 7 transport$ to t _w by "s en*antm5t1 he w\ld probably f9d ! ,greeks v un$ucat$4 ,& t discov]y w\ld betray ! closely gu>d$ secret ( mod]n culture to ! laught] ( ! _w4 ,= we mod]ns h no?+ ( our own4 ,we only become wor? notice by fill+ ourselves to ov]fl[+ ) =eign cu/oms1 arts1 philosophies1 religions & sci5ces3 we are w&]+ encyclopdias1 z an anci5t ,greek :o _h /ray$ into our "t w\ld probably call u4 ,b ! only value ( an encyclopdia lies 9 ! inside1 9 ! cont5ts1 n 9 :at is writt5 outside1 9 ! b9d+ or ! wrapp]4 ,& s ! :ole ( mod]n culture is ess5tially int]nal2 ! bookb9d] pr9ts some?+ l ?is on ! cov]3 ,manual ( int]nal culture = ext]nal b>b>ians4 ,! opposition ( inn] & out] makes ! out] side /ill m b>b>\s1 z x w\ld naturally be1 :5 ! outw>d gr[? ( a rude p m]ely develop$ its primitive inn] ne$s4 ,= :at means has nature ( repress+ too great a luxuriance f )\t8 ,only "o1--to be affect$ by x z little z possible1 to set x aside & /amp x out at ! fir/ opportunity4 ,& s we h ! cu/om ( no long] tak+ real ?+s s]i\sly1 we get ! feeble p]sonality on :i* ! real & ! p]man5t make s little impression4 ,m5 become at la/ m c>eless & accommodat+ 9 ext]nal matt]s1 & ! consid]able cleft betwe5 sub/ance & =m is wid5$2 until !y h no long] any feel+ = b>b>ism1 if only _! memories be kept cont9ually titillat$1 & !re fl[ a con/ant /ream ( new ?+s to be kn[n1 t c be neatly pack$ up 9 ! cupbo>ds ( _! memory4 ,! culture ( a p z aga9/ ?is b>b>ism1 c be1 ,i ?9k1 describ$ ) ju/ice z ! unity ( arti/ic /yle 9 e outw>d expression ( ! p's life4 ,?is mu/ n be misund]/ood1 z ?\gh x 7 m]ely a "q ( ! opposition betwe5 b>b>ism & f9e /yle4 ,! p t c be call$ cultur$1 mu/ be 9 a real s5se a liv+ unity1 & n be mis]ably cleft asund] into =m & sub/ance4 ,if "o wi% to promote a p's culture1 let him try to promote ?is high] unity fir/1 & "w = ! de/ruction ( ! mod]n educative sy/em = ! sake ( a true education4 ,let him d>e to consid] h[ ! heal? ( a p t has be5 de/roy$ by hi/ory may be re/or$1 & h[ x may recov] its in/9cts ) its hon\r4 ,i am only speak+1 directly1 ab\t ! ,g]mans ( ! pres5t day1 :o h _h to suff] m ?an o!r p f ! feebl5ess ( p]sonality & ! opposition ( sub/ance & =m4 ,=m g5]ally implies = u "s conv5tion1 disguise or hypocrisy1 & if n hat$1 is at any rate n lov$4 ,we h an extraord9>y fe> ( bo? ! ^w conv5tion & ! ?+4 ,?is fe> drove ! ,g]man f ! ,fr5* s*ool2 = he wi%$ to become m natural1 & !re=e m ,g]man4 ,b he seems to h come to a false conclusion ) 8 !re=e4 ,fir/ he ran away f 8 s*ool ( conv5tion1 & w5t by any road he lik$3 he has come ultimately to imitate volunt>ily 9 a slov5ly fa%ion1 :at he imitat$ pa9fully & (t5 successfully be=e4 ,s n[ ! lazy fell[ lives "u ,fr5* conv5tions t are actually incorrect3 8 mann] ( walk+ %[s x1 8 conv]sation & dress1 8 g5]al way ( life4 ,9 ! belief t he 0 return+ to ,nature1 he m]ely foll[$ caprice & com=t1 ) ! smalle/ possible am\nt ( self-control4 ,g ?r\gh any ,g]man t[n2 y w see conv5tions t are no?+ b ! negative aspect ( ! national *>act]i/ics ( =eign /ates4 ,ev]y?+ is col\rless1 worn out1 %oddy & ill-copi$4 ,e "o acts at 8 own sweet w--:i* is n a /rong or s]i\s w--on laws dictat$ by ! univ]sal ru% & ! g5]al desire = com=t4 ,a dress t made no head a*e 9 its inv5t+ & wa/$ no "t 9 ! mak+1 borr[$ f =eign models & imp]fectly copi$1 is reg>d$ z an important contribution to ,g]man fa%ion4 ,! s5se ( =m is ironically disclaim$ by ! p--= !y h ! s5se ( sub/ance3 !y are fam\s = _! cult ( inw>dness4 ,b !re is also a fam\s dang] 9 _! inw>dness3 ! int]nal sub/ance _c be se5 f ! outside1 & s may "o day take ! opportunity ( vani%+1 & no "o notice its abs5ce1 any m ?an its pres5ce be=e4 ,"o may ?9k ! ,g]man p to be v f> f ?is dang]3 yet ! =eign] w h "s w>rant = 8 reproa* t our inw>d life is too weak & ill-organis$ to provide a =m & ext]nal expression = itself4 ,x may 9 r>e cases %[ itself f9ely receptive1 e>ne/ & p[]ful1 ri*] p]haps ?an ! inw>d life ( o!r peoples2 b1 tak5 z a :ole1 x rema9s weak1 z all its f9e ?reads are n ti$ toge!r 9 "o /rong knot4 ,! visible action is n ! self-manife/ation ( ! inw>d life1 b only a weak & crude attempt ( a s+le ?read to make a %[ ( repres5t+ ! :ole4 ,& ?us ! ,g]man is n to be judg$ on any "o action1 = ! individual may be z completely obscure aft] x z be=e4 ,he mu/ obvi\sly be measur$ by 8 ?\ghts & feel+s1 :i* are n[ express$ 9 8 books2 if only ! books did n1 m ?an ev]1 raise ! d\bt :e!r ! fam\s inw>d life is /ill really sitt+ 9 its inaccessible %r9e4 ,x might "o day vani% & leave beh9d x only ! ext]nal life1--) its vulg> pride & va9 s]vility1--to m>k ! ,g]man4 ,fe>ful ?\ght6--z fe>ful z if ! inw>d life /ill sat !re1 pa9t$ & r\g$ & disguis$1 become a play-actress or some?+ worse2 z 8 !atrical exp]i5ce seems to h taught ! quiet obs]v] ,grillp>z]1 /&+ aside z he did f ! ma9 press4 ,we feel by !ory1 he says4 ,we h>dly "k any m h[ our contempor>ies give expression to _! feel+s3 we make !m use ge/ures t are impossible n[adays4 ,%akespe>e has spoilt u mod]ns4 ,?is is a s+le example1 its g5]al application p]haps too ha/ily assum$4 ,b h[ t]rible x w\ld be 7 t g5]alisation ju/ifi$ be=e our eyes6 ,!re w\ld be !n a note ( despair 9 ! phrase1 ,we ,g]mans feel by !ory1 we are all spoilt by hi/ory2--a phrase t w\ld cut at ! roots ( any hope = a future national culture4 ,= e hope ( t k9d gr[s f ! belief 9 ! g5u95ess & imm$iacy ( ,g]man feel+1 f ! belief 9 an unt>ni%$ inw>d life4 ,:]e is our hope or belief1 :5 its spr+ is muddi$1 & ! inw>d quality has le>n$ ge/ures & dances & ! use ( cosmetics1 has le>n$ to express itself ) due reflection 9 ab/ract t]ms1 & gradually lose itself8 ,& h[ %\ld a great productive _s exi/ among a nation t is n sure ( its inw>d unity & is divid$ into educat$ m5 ^: inn] life has be5 drawn f ! true pa? ( education1 & un$ucat$ m5 ^: inn] life _c be approa*$ at all8 ,h[ %\ld x exi/1 ,i say1 :5 ! p has lo/ its own unity ( feel+1 & kn[s t ! feel+ ( ! "p call+ itself ! educat$ "p & claim+ ! "r ( controll+ ! arti/ic _s ( ! nation1 is false & hypocritical8 ,"h & !re ! judgm5t & ta/e ( individuals may be high] & f9] ?an ! re/1 b t is no comp5sation3 x tortures a man to h to speak only to "o section & be no long] 9 sympa?y ) 8 p4 ,he w\ld r bury 8 treasure n[1 9 disgu/ at ! vulg> patronage ( a class1 ?\gh 8 he>t be fill$ ) t5d]ness = all4 ,! in/9ct ( ! p c no long] meet him half-way2 x is useless = !m to /ret* _! arms out to him 9 ye>n+4 ,:at rema9s b to turn 8 quick5$ hatr$ aga9/ ! ban1 /rike at ! b>ri] rais$ by ! s-call$ culture1 & condemn z judge :at bla/$ & degrad$ him z a liv+ man & a s\rce ( life8 ,he takes a pr(\nd insight into fate 9 ex*ange = ! godlike desire ( creation & help1 & ends 8 days z a lonely philosoph]1 ) ! wisdom ( disillusion4 ,x is ! pa9fulle/ com$y3 he :o sees x w feel a sacr$ obligation on him1 & say to himself1--,help mu/ come3 ! high] unity 9 ! nature & s\l ( a p mu/ be br\ght back1 ! cleft betwe5 inn] & out] mu/ aga9 disappe> "u ! hamm] ( necessity4 ,b to :at means c he look8 ,:at rema9s to him n[ b 8 k8 ,he hopes to plant ! feel+ ( a ne$1 by speak+ f ! bread? ( t k1 giv+ x freely ) bo? h&s4 ,f ! /rong ne$ ! /rong action may "o day arise4 ,& to leave no d\bt ( ! in/ance ,i am tak+ ( ! ne$ & ! k1 my te/imony %all /&1 t x is ,g]man unity 9 its highe/ s5se :i* is ! goal ( our endeav\r1 f> m ?an political union3 x is ! unity ( ! ,g]man _s & life aft] ! annihilation ( ! antagonism betwe5 =m & sub/ance1 inw>d life & conv5tion4 ,v4 ,an excess ( hi/ory seems to be an enemy to ! life ( a "t1 & dang]\s 9 five ways4 ,fir/ly1 ! contra/ ( inn] & out] is emphasis$ & p]sonality weak5$4 ,secondly1 ! "t comes to imag9e t x possesses ! r>e/ ( virtues1 ju/ice1 to a high] degree ?an any o!r "t4 ,?irdly1 ! in/9cts ( a nation are ?w>t$1 ! maturity ( ! individual arre/$ no less ?an t ( ! :ole4 ,f\r?ly1 we get ! belief 9 ! old age ( mank9d1 ! belief1 at all times h>mful1 t we are late survivals1 m]e ,epigoni4 ,la/ly1 an age rea*es a dang]\s condition ( irony ) reg>d to itself1 & ! /ill m dang]\s /ate ( cynicism1 :5 a cunn+ egoi/ic !ory ( action is matur$ t maims & at la/ de/roys ! vital /r5g?4 ,to return to ! fir/ po9t3 ! mod]n man suff]s f a weak5$ p]sonality4 ,! ,roman ( ! ,empire ceas$ to be a ,roman ?r\gh ! contemplation ( ! _w t lay at 8 feet2 he lo/ himself 9 ! cr[d ( =eign]s t /ream$ into ,rome1 & deg5]at$ amid ! cosmopolitan c>nival ( arts1 wor%ips & moralities4 ,x is ! same ) ! mod]n man1 :o is cont9ually hav+ a _w-panorama unroll$ be=e 8 eyes by 8 hi/orical arti/s4 ,he is turn$ into a re/less1 dilettante spectator1 & arrives at a condition :5 ev5 great w>s & revolutions _c affect him beyond ! mom5t4 ,! w> is h>dly at an end1 & x is already conv]t$ into ?\s&s ( copies ( pr9t$ matt]1 & w be soon s]v$ up z ! late/ means ( tickl+ ! jad$ palates ( ! hi/orical g\rmets4 ,x seems impossible = a /rong full *ord to be prolong$1 h[ev] p[]fully ! /r+s are swept3 x dies away aga9 ! next mom5t 9 ! s(t & /r5g?less e*o ( hi/ory4 ,9 e?ical language1 "o nev] succe$s 9 /ay+ on a height2 y\r de$s are sudd5 cra%es1 & n a long roll ( ?und]4 ,"o may br+ ! greate/ & mo/ m>vell\s ?+ to p]fection2 x mu/ yet g d[n to ,orcus unhon\r$ & unsung4 ,= art flies away :5 y are ro(+ y\r de$s ) ! hi/orical awn+4 ,! man :o wi%es to und]/& ev]y?+ 9 a mom5t1 :5 he ought to grasp ! un9telligible z ! sublime by a long /ruggle1 c be call$ intellig5t only 9 ! s5se ( ,s*ill]'s epigram on ! reason ( reasonable m54 ,!re is some?+ ! *ild sees t he does n see2 some?+ ! *ild he>s t he does n he>2 & ?is some?+ is ! mo/ important ?+ ( all4 ,because he does n und]/& x1 8 und]/&+ is m *ildi% ?an ! *ild's & m simple ?an simplicity itself2 9 spite ( ! _m clev] wr9kles on 8 p>*m5t face1 & ! ma/]ly play ( 8 f+]s 9 unravell+ ! knots4 ,he has lo/ or de/roy$ 8 in/9ct2 he c no long] tru/ ! div9e animal & let ! re9s hang loose1 :5 8 und]/&+ fails him & 8 way lies ?r\gh ! des]t4 ,8 individuality is %ak51 & left )\t any sure belief 9 itself2 x s9ks into its own inn] be+1 :i* only means "h ! disord]$ *aos ( :at x has le>n$1 :i* w nev] express itself ext]nally1 be+ m]e dogma t _c turn to life4 ,look+ fur!r1 we see h[ ! bani%m5t ( in/9ct by hi/ory has turn$ m5 to %ades & ab/ractions3 no "o v5tures to %[ a p]sonality1 b masks himself z a man ( culture1 a savant1 poet or politician4 ,if "o take hold ( ^! masks1 believ+ he has to d ) a s]i\s ?+ & n a m]e puppet-%[--= !y all h an appe>ance ( s]i\sness--he w f9d no?+ b rags & col\r$ /ream]s 9 8 h&s4 ,he mu/ deceive himself no m1 b cry al\d1 ,(f ) y\r jackets1 or be :at y seem6 ,a man ( ! royal /ock ( s]i\sness mu/ no long] be ,don ,quixote1 = he has bett] ?+s to d ?an to tilt at su* pret5d$ realities4 ,b he mu/ always keep a %>p look ab\t him1 call 8 ,halt6 :o goes !re8 to all ! %r\d$ figures1 & te> ! masks f _! faces4 ,& see ! result6 ,"o might h ?\ght t hi/ory enc\rag$ m5 above all to be hone/1 ev5 if x 7 only to be hone/ fools3 ?is us$ to be its effect1 b is s no long]4 ,hi/orical education & ! uni=m frock-coat ( ! citiz5 are bo? dom9ant at ! same "t4 ,:ile !re has nev] be5 su* a full-?roat$ *att] ab\t free p]sonality1 p]sonalities c be se5 no m 7to say no?+ ( free ones72 b m]ely m5 9 uni=m1 ) _! coats anxi\sly pull$ ov] _! e>s4 ,individuality has )drawn itself to its recesses2 x is se5 no m f ! outside1 :i* makes "o d\bt if x be possible to h causes )\t effects4 ,or w a race ( eunu*s prove to be necess>y to gu>d ! hi/orical h>em ( ! _w8 ,we c und]/& ! reason = _! alo(ness v well4 ,does x n seem z if _! task 7 to wat* ov] hi/ory to see t no?+ comes out except o!r hi/ories1 b no de$ t might be hi/orical2 to prev5t p]sonalities becom+ free1 t is1 s9c]e t[>ds !mselves & o!rs1 bo? 9 ^w & de$8 ,only ?r\gh ?is s9c]ity w ! inn] ne$ & mis]y ( ! mod]n man be br\ght to ! light1 & art & religion come z true help]s 9 ! place ( t sad hypocrisy ( conv5tion & masqu]ade1 to plant a common culture :i* w answ] to real necessities1 & n tea*1 z ! pres5t lib]al education tea*es1 to tell lies ab\t ^! ne$s1 & ?us become a walk+ lie "o's self4 ,9 su* an age1 t suff]s f its lib]al education1 h[ unnatural1 artificial & unwor?y w be ! conditions "u :i* ! s9c]e/ ( all sci5ces1 ! holy nak$ goddess ,philosophy1 mu/ exi/6 ,%e rema9s1 9 su* a _w ( compulsion & outw>d con=mity1 ! subject ( ! deep monologue ( ! lonely w&]] or ! *ance prey ( any hunt]1 ! d>k secret ( ! *amb] or ! daily talk ( ! old m5 & *ildr5 at ! univ]sity4 ,no "o d>e fulfil ! law ( philosophy 9 himself2 no "o lives philosophically1 ) t s+le-he>t$ virile fai? t =c$ "o ( ! old5 "t to be> himself z a ,/oic1 :]ev] he 0 & :atev] he did1 if he _h once sworn allegiance to ! ,/oa4 ,all mod]n philosophis+ is political or (ficial1 b\nd d[n to be a m]e phantasmagoria ( le>n+ by our mod]n gov]nm5ts1 *ur*es1 univ]sities1 moralities & c[>dices3 x lives by sigh+ if only4444 & by kn[+ t x happ5$ once ^u a "t4444 ,philosophy has no place 9 hi/orical education1 if x w be m ?an ! k t lives indoors1 & c h no expression 9 action4 ,7 ! mod]n man once c\rage\s & det]m9$1 & n m]ely su* an indoor be+ ev5 9 8 hatr$s1 he w\ld bani% philosophy4 ,at pres5t he is satisfi$ ) mode/ly cov]+ h] nak$ness4 ,yes1 m5 ?9k1 write1 pr9t1 speak & tea* philosophically3 s mu* is p]mitt$ !m4 ,x is only o!rwise 9 action1 9 life4 ,only "o ?+ is p]mitt$ !re1 & ev]y?+ else q impossible3 su* are ! ord]s ( hi/orical education4 ,are ^! human be+s1 "o might ask1 or only ma*9es = ?9k+1 writ+ & speak+8 ,goe! says ( ,%akespe>e3 ,no "o has m despis$ correctness ( co/ume ?an he3 he kn[s too well ! inn] co/ume t all m5 we> alike4 ,y he> t he describes ,romans wond]fully2 ,i d n ?9k s3 !y are fle%-&-blood ,engli%m52 b at any rate !y are m5 f top to toe1 & ! ,roman toga sits well on !m4 ,w\ld x be possible1 ,i wond]1 to repres5t our pres5t lit]>y & national h]oes1 (ficials & politicians z ,romans8 ,i am sure x w\ld n1 z !y are no m51 b inc>nate comp5dia1 ab/ractions made concrete4 ,if !y h a "* ( _! own1 x is s deeply sunk t x c nev] rise to ! light ( day3 if !y are m51 !y are only m5 to a physiologi/4 ,to all o!rs !y are some?+ else1 n m51 n bea/s or gods1 b hi/orical pictures ( ! m>* ( civilisation1 & no?+ b pictures & civilisation1 =m )\t any asc]ta9able sub/ance1 bad =m un=tunately1 & uni=m at t4 ,& 9 ?is way my !sis is to be und]/ood & consid]$3 only /rong p]sonalities c endure hi/ory1 ! weak are ext+ui%$ by x4 ,hi/ory unsettles ! feel+s :5 !y are n p[]ful en\gh to measure ! pa/ by !mselves4 ,! man :o d>e no long] tru/ himself1 b asks hi/ory aga9/ 8 w = advice h[ he ought to feel n[1 is ins5sibly turn$ by 8 timidity into a play-actor1 & plays a "p1 or g5]ally _m p>ts1--v badly !re=e & sup]ficially4 ,gradually all connection ceases betwe5 ! man & 8 hi/orical subjects4 ,we see noisy little fell[s measur+ !mselves ) ! ,romans z ?\gh !y 7 l !m3 !y burr[ 9 ! rema9s ( ! ,greek poets1 z if ^! 7 corpora = _! dissection--& z vilia z _! own well-educat$ corpora might be4 ,suppose a man is work+ at ,democritus4 ,! "q is always on my tongue1 :y precisely ,democritus8 ,:y n ,h]aclitus1 or ,philo1 or ,bacon1 or ,desc>tes8 ,& !n1 :y a philosoph]8 ,:y n a poet or orator8 ,& :y especially a ,greek8 ,:y n an ,engli%man or a ,turk8 ,is n ! pa/ l>ge en\gh to let y f9d "s place :]e y may disport y\rself )\t becom+ ridicul\s8 ,b1 z ,i said1 !y are a race ( eunu*s3 & to ! eunu* "o woman is ! same z ano!r1 m]ely a woman1 woman 9 h]self1 ! ,ev]-unapproa*able4 ,& x is indiff]5t :at !y /udy1 if hi/ory itself always rema9 beautifully objective to !m1 z m51 9 fact1 :o c\ld nev] make hi/ory !mselves4 ,& s9ce ! ,et]nal ,fem99e c\ld nev] draw y upw>d1 y draw x d[n to y1 & be+ neut] y\rselves1 reg>d hi/ory z neut] also4 ,b 9 ord] t no "o may take any comp>ison ( hi/ory & ! ,et]nal ,fem99e too s]i\sly1 ,i w say at once t ,i hold x1 on ! contr>y1 to be ! ,et]nal ,mascul9e3 ,i only add t = ^? :o are hi/orically tra9$ ?r\gh\t1 x mu/ be q indiff]5t :i* x is2 = !y are !mselves nei!r man nor woman1 nor ev5 h]maphrodite1 b m]e neut]s1 or1 9 m philosophic language1 ! ,et]nal ,objective4 ,if ! p]sonality be once empti$ ( its subjectivity1 & come to :at m5 call an objective condition1 no?+ c h any m effect on x4 ,some?+ good & true may be done1 9 action1 poetry or music3 b ! holl[ culture ( ! day w look beyond ! "w & ask ! hi/ory ( ! au?or4 ,if ! au?or h already creat$ some?+1 our hi/orian w set out cle>ly ! pa/ & ! probable future c\rse ( 8 developm5t1 he w put him ) o!rs & comp>e !m1 & sep>ate by analysis ! *oice ( 8 mat]ial & 8 treatm5t2 he w wisely sum ! au?or up & give him g5]al advice = 8 future pa?4 ,! mo/ a/oni%+ works may be creat$2 ! sw>m ( hi/orical neut]s w always be 9 _! place1 ready to consid] ! au?ors ?r\gh _! long telescopes4 ,! e*o is he>d at once3 b always 9 ! =m ( criticism1 ?\gh ! critic nev] dream$ ( ! "w's possibility a mom5t be=e4 ,x nev] comes to h an influ5ce1 b only a criticism3 & ! criticism itself has no influ5ce1 b only bre$s ano!r criticism4 ,& s we come to consid] ! fact ( _m critics z a m>k ( influ5ce1 t ( few or none z a m>k ( failure4 ,actually ev]y?+ rema9s 9 ! old condition1 ev5 9 ! pres5ce ( su* influ5ce3 m5 talk a little :ile ( a new ?+1 & !n ( "s o!r new ?+1 & 9 ! meantime !y d :at !y h always done4 ,! hi/orical tra9+ ( our critics prev5ts _! hav+ an influ5ce 9 ! true s5se1 an influ5ce on life & action4 ,!y put _! blott+ pap] on ! blacke/ writ+1 & _! ?ick bru%es ov] ! gracefulle/ designs2 ^! !y call corrections2--& t is all4 ,_! critical p5s nev] cease to fly1 = !y h lo/ p[] ov] !m2 !y are driv5 by _! p5s in/ead ( driv+ !m4 ,! weakness ( mod]n p]sonality comes out well 9 ! measureless ov]fl[ ( criticism1 9 ! want ( self-ma/]y1 & 9 :at ! ,romans call$ impot5tia4 ,,vi4 ,b leav+ ^! weakl+s1 let u turn r to a po9t ( /r5g? = :i* ! mod]n man is fam\s4 ,let u ask ! pa9ful "q :e!r he has ! "r 9 virtue ( 8 hi/orical objectivity to call himself /rong & j 9 a high] degree ?an ! man ( ano!r age4 ,is x true t ?is objectivity has its s\rce 9 a height5$ s5se ( ! ne$ = ju/ice8 ,or1 be+ really an effect ( q o!r causes1 does x only h ! appe>ance ( com+ f ju/ice1 & really lead to an unheal?y prejudice 9 fav\r ( ! mod]n man8 ,socrates ?\ght x ne> madness to imag9e "o possess$ a virtue )\t really possess+ x4 ,su* imag9ation has c]ta9ly m dang] 9 x ?an ! contr>y madness ( a positive vice4 ,= ( ?is !re is /ill a cure2 b ! o!r makes a man or a "t daily worse1 & !re=e m unju/4 ,no "o has a high] claim to our rev]5ce ?an ! man ) ! feel+ & ! /r5g? = ju/ice4 ,= ! highe/ & r>e/ virtues unite & are lo/ 9 x1 z an unfa?omable sea absorbs ! /reams t fl[ f e side4 ,! h& ( ! j man1 :o is call$ to sit 9 judgm5t1 trembles no m :5 x holds ! scales3 he piles ! weights inexorably aga9/ 8 own side1 8 eyes are n dimm$ z ! balance rises & falls1 & 8 voice is nei!r h>d nor brok5 :5 he pron\nces ! s5t5ce4 ,7 he a cold demon ( k1 he w\ld ca/ r\nd him ! icy atmosph]e ( an awful1 sup]human maje/y1 t we %\ld fe>1 n rev]5ce4 ,b he is a man1 & has tri$ to rise f a c>eless d\bt to a /rong c]ta9ty1 f g5tle tol]ance to ! imp]ative ?\ mu/2 f ! r>e virtue ( magnanimity to ! r>e/1 ( ju/ice4 ,he has come to be l t demon )\t be+ m ?an a poor mortal at ! outset2 above all1 he has to atone to himself = 8 humanity & tragically %att] 8 own nature on ! rock ( an impossible virtue4--,all ?is places him on a lonely height z ! mo/ rev]5d example ( ! human race4 ,= tru? is 8 aim1 n 9 ! =m ( cold intellectual k1 b ! tru? ( ! judge :o puni%es accord+ to law2 n z ! selfi% possession ( an individual1 b ! sacr$ au?ority t removes ! b\nd>y /ones f all selfi% possessions2 tru?1 9 a ^w1 z ! tribunal ( ! _w1 & n z ! *ance prey ( a s+le hunt]4 ,! se>* = tru? is (t5 ?\ghtlessly prais$3 b x only has any?+ great 9 x if ! seek] h ! s9c]e unconditional w = ju/ice4 ,its roots are 9 ju/ice alone3 b a :ole cr[d ( diff]5t motives may comb9e 9 ! se>* = x1 t h no?+ to d ) tru? at all2 curiosity1 = example1 or dread ( ennui1 envy1 vanity1 or amusem5t4 ,?us ! _w seems to be full ( m5 :o s]ve tru?3 & yet ! virtue ( ju/ice is seldom pres5t1 m seldom kn[n1 & almo/ always mortally hat$4 ,on ! o!r h& a ?rong ( %am virtues has ent]$ 9 at all times ) pomp & hon\r4 ,few 9 tru? s]ve tru?1 z only few h ! pure w = ju/ice2 & v few ev5 ( ^! h ! /r5g? to be j4 ,! w alone is n en\gh3 ! impulse to ju/ice )\t ! p[] ( judgm5t has be5 ! cause ( ! greate/ suff]+ to m54 ,& ?us ! common good c\ld require no?+ bett] ?an = ! se$ ( ?is p[] to be /rewn z widely z possible1 t ! fanatic may be di/+ui%$ f ! true judge1 & ! bl9d desire f ! consci\s p[]4 ,b !re are no means ( plant+ a p[] ( judgm5t3 & s :5 "o speaks to m5 ( tru? & ju/ice1 !y w be ev] tr\bl$ by ! d\bt :e!r x be ! fanatic or ! judge :o is speak+ to !m4 ,& !y mu/ be p>don$ = always treat+ ! s]vants ( tru? ) special k9dness1 :o possess nei!r ! w nor ! p[] to judge & h set be=e !m ! task ( f9d+ pure k )\t ref]5ce to consequ5ces1 k1 9 pla9 t]ms1 t comes to no?+4 ,!re are v _m tru?s :i* are unimportant2 problems t require no /ruggle to solve1 to say no?+ ( sacrifice4 ,& 9 ?is safe realm ( indiff]5ce a man may v successfully become a cold demon ( k4 ,& yet--if we f9d :ole regim5ts ( le>n$ inquir]s be+ turn$ to su* demons 9 "s age specially fav\rable to !m1 x is always un=tunately possible t ! age is lack+ 9 a great & /rong s5se ( ju/ice1 ! noble/ spr+ ( ! s-call$ impulse to tru?4 ,consid] ! hi/orical virtuoso ( ! pres5t "t3 is he ! ju/e/ man ( 8 age8 ,true1 he has develop$ 9 himself su* a delicacy & s5sitiv5ess t no?+ human is ali5 to him4 ,times & p]sons mo/ widely sep>at$ come toge!r 9 ! concords ( 8 lyre4 ,he has become a passive in/rum5t1 ^: tones f9d an e*o 9 simil> in/rum5ts3 until ! :ole atmosph]e ( a "t is fill$ ) su* e*oes1 all buzz+ 9 "o s(t *ord4 ,yet ,i ?9k "o only he>s ! ov]tones ( ! orig9al hi/orical note3 its r\gh p[]ful quality c be no long] guess$ f ^! ?9 & %rill vibrations4 ,! orig9al note sang ( action1 ne$1 & t]ror2 ! ov]tone lulls u into a s(t dilettante sleep4 ,x is z ?\gh ! h]oic symphony _h be5 arrang$ = two flutes = ! use ( dream+ opium-smok]s4 ,we c n[ judge h[ ^! virtuosi /& t[>ds ! claim ( ! mod]n man to a high] & pur] conception ( ju/ice4 ,?is virtue has nev] a pleas+ quality2 x nev] *>ms2 x is h>% & /rid5t4 ,g5]osity /&s v l[ on ! ladd] ( ! virtues 9 comp>ison2 & g5]osity is ! m>k ( a few r>e hi/orians6 ,mo/ ( !m only get z f> z tol]ance1 9 o!r words !y leave :at _c be expla9$ away1 !y correct x & t\* x up condesc5d+ly1 on ! tacit assumption t ! novice w c\nt x z ju/ice if ! pa/ be n>rat$ )\t h>%ness or op5 expressions ( hatr$4 ,b only sup]ior /r5g? c really judge2 weakness mu/ tol]ate1 if x d n pret5d to be /r5g? & turn ju/ice to a play-actress4 ,!re is /ill a dreadful class ( hi/orians rema9+--clev]1 /]n & hone/1 b n>r[-m9d$3 :o h ! good w to be j ) a pa!tic belief 9 _! actual judgm5ts1 :i* are all false2 = ! same reason1 almo/1 z ! v]dicts ( ! usual juries are false4 ,h[ difficult x is to f9d a real hi/orical tal5t1 if we exclude all ! disguis$ egoi/s1 & ! p>tisans :o pret5d to take up an imp>tial attitude = ! sake ( _! own unholy game6 ,& we also exclude ! ?\ghtless folk :o write hi/ory 9 ! nave fai? t ju/ice resides 9 ! popul> view ( _! "t1 & t to write 9 ! _s ( ! "t is to be j2 a fai? t is f\nd 9 all religions1 & :i*1 9 religion1 s]ves v well4 ,! measurem5t ( ! op9ions & de$s ( ! pa/ by ! univ]sal op9ions ( ! pres5t is call$ objectivity by ^! simple p3 !y f9d ! canon ( all tru? "h3 _! "w is to adapt ! pa/ to ! pres5t triviality4 ,& !y call all hi/orical writ+ subjective t does n reg>d ^! popul> op9ions z canonical4 ,might n an illusion lurk 9 ! highe/ int]pretation ( ! ^w objectivity8 ,we und]/& by x a c]ta9 /&po9t 9 ! hi/orian1 :o sees ! procession ( motive & consequ5ce too cle>ly = x to h an effect on 8 own p]sonality4 ,we ?9k ( ! /hetic ph5om5on ( ! deta*m5t f all p]sonal conc]n ) :i* ! pa9t] sees ! picture & =gets himself1 9 a /ormy l&scape1 amid ?und] & lightn+1 or on a r\gh sea3 & we require ! same arti/ic vision & absorption 9 8 object f ! hi/orian4 ,b x is only a sup]/ition to say t ! picture giv5 to su* a man by ! object really %[s ! tru? ( ?+s4 ,unless x be t objects are expect$ 9 su* mom5ts to pa9t or photograph !mselves by _! own activity on a purely passive m$ium6 ,b ?is w\ld be a my?1 & a bad "o at t4 ,"o =gets t ?is mom5t is actually ! p[]ful & spontane\s mom5t ( creation 9 ! arti/1 ( composition 9 its highe/ =m1 ( :i* ! result w be an arti/ically1 b n an hi/orically1 true picture4 ,to ?9k objectively1 9 ?is s5se1 ( hi/ory is ! "w ( ! dramati/3 to ?9k "o ?+ ) ano!r1 & weave ! elem5ts into a s+le :ole2 ) ! presumption t ! unity ( plan mu/ be put into ! objects if x be n already !re4 ,s man veils & subdues ! pa/1 & expresses 8 impulse to art--b n 8 impulse to tru? or ju/ice4 ,objectivity & ju/ice h no?+ to d ) ea* o!r4 ,!re c\ld be a k9d ( hi/orical writ+ t _h no drop ( common fact 9 x & yet c\ld claim to be call$ 9 ! highe/ degree objective4 ,grillp>z] goes s f> z to say t hi/ory is no?+ b ! mann] 9 :i* ! _s ( man appreh5ds facts t are obscure to him1 l9ks ?+s toge!r ^: connection heav5 only kn[s1 replaces ! un9telligible by some?+ intelligible1 puts 8 own ideas ( causation into ! ext]nal _w1 :i* c p]haps be expla9$ only f )93 & assumes ! exi/5ce ( *ance1 :]e ?\s&s ( small causes may be really at "w4 ,ea* man has 8 own individual ne$s1 & s millions ( t5d5cies are runn+ toge!r1 /raight or crook$1 p>allel or across1 =w>d or backw>d1 help+ or h9d]+ ea* o!r4 ,!y h all ! appe>ance ( *ance1 & make x impossible1 q ap>t f all natural influ5ces1 to e/abli% any univ]sal l9es on :i* pa/ ev5ts mu/ h run4 ,b z a result ( ?is s-call$ objective way ( look+ at ?+s1 su* a mu/ ought to be made cle>4 ,x is a presumption t takes a curi\s =m if adopt$ by ! hi/orian z a dogma4 ,s*ill] is q cle> ab\t its truly subjective nature :5 he says ( ! hi/orian1 "o ev5t aft] ! o!r beg9s to draw away f bl9d *ance & lawless fre$om1 & take its place z ! memb] ( an h>moni\s :ole--:i* is ( c\rse only app>5t 9 its pres5tation4 ,b :at is "o to ?9k ( ! innoc5t /atem5t1 wav]+ betwe5 tautology & nons5se1 ( a fam\s hi/orical virtuoso8 ,x seems t all human actions & impulses are subord9ate to ! process ( ! mat]ial _w1 t works unnotic$1 p[]fully & irresi/ibly4 ,9 su* a s5t5ce "o no long] f9ds obscure wisdom 9 ! =m ( obvi\s folly2 z 9 ! say+ ( ,goe!'s g>d5]1 ,nature may be =c$ b n compell$1 or 9 ! notice on ! side-%[ at a fair1 9 ,swift3 ,! l>ge/ elephant 9 ! _w1 except himself1 to be se5 "h4 ,= :at opposition is !re betwe5 human action & ! process ( ! _w8 ,x seems to me t su* hi/orians cease to be in/ructive z soon z !y beg9 to g5]alise2 _! weakness is %[n by _! obscurity4 ,9 o!r sci5ces ! g5]alisations are ! mo/ important ?+s1 z !y conta9 ! laws4 ,b if su* g5]alisations z ^! are to /& z laws1 ! hi/orian's lab\r is lo/2 = ! residue ( tru?1 aft] ! obscure & insoluble "p is remov$1 is no?+ b ! commone/ k4 ,! smalle/ range ( exp]i5ce w tea* x4 ,b to worry :ole peoples = ! purpose1 & sp5d _m h>d ye>s ( "w on x1 is l cr[d+ "o sci5tific exp]im5t on ano!r long aft] ! law c be d$uc$ f ! results already obta9$3 & ?is absurd excess ( exp]im5t has be5 ! bane ( all natural sci5ce s9ce ,zolln]4 ,if ! value ( a drama lay m]ely 9 its f9al sc5e1 ! drama itself w\ld be a v long1 crook$ & labori\s road to ! goal3 & ,i hope hi/ory w n f9d its :ole significance 9 g5]al propositions1 & reg>d !m z its blossom & fruit4 ,on ! contr>y1 its real value lies 9 inv5t+ +5i\s v>iations on a probably commonplace !me1 9 rais+ ! popul> melody to a univ]sal symbol & %[+ :at a _w ( dep?1 p[] & beauty exi/s 9 x4 ,b ?is requires above all a great arti/ic faculty1 a creative vision f a height1 ! lov+ /udy ( ! data ( exp]i5ce1 ! free elaborat+ ( a giv5 type1--objectivity 9 fact1 ?\gh ?is "t z a positive quality4 ,objectivity is s (t5 m]ely a phrase4 ,in/ead ( ! quiet gaze ( ! arti/ t is lit by an inw>d flame1 we h an affectation ( tranquillity2 j z a cold deta*m5t may mask a lack ( moral feel+4 ,9 "s cases a triviality ( ?\ght1 ! ev]yday wisdom t is too dull n to seem calm & dis9t]e/$1 comes to repres5t ! arti/ic condition 9 :i* ! subjective side has q sunk out ( sight4 ,ev]y?+ is fav\r$ t does n r\se emotion1 & ! drie/ phrase is ! correct "o4 ,!y g s f> z to accept a man :o is n affect$ at all by "s p>ticul> mom5t 9 ! pa/ z ! "r man to describe x4 ,?is is ! usual relation ( ! ,greeks & ! classical s*ol>s4 ,!y h no?+ to d ) ea* o!r--& ?is is call$ objectivity6 ,! int5tional air ( deta*m5t t is assum$ = effect1 ! sob] art ( ! sup]ficial motive-hunt] is mo/ exasp]at+ :5 ! highe/ & r>e/ ?+s are 9 "q2 & x is ! vanity ( ! hi/orian t drives him to ?is attitude ( indiff]5ce4 ,he goes to ju/ify ! axiom t a man's vanity corresponds to 8 lack ( wit4 ,no1 be hone/ at any rate6 ,d n pret5d to ! arti/'s /r5g?1 t is ! real objectivity2 d n try to be j1 if y are n born to t dread vocation4 ,z if x 7 ! task ( e "t to be j to ev]y?+ be=e x6 ,ages & g5]ations h nev] ! "r to be ! judges ( all previ\s ages & g5]ations3 only to ! r>e/ m5 9 !m c t difficult mission fall4 ,:o compels y to judge8 ,if x is y\r wi%--y mu/ prove fir/ t y are capable ( ju/ice4 ,z judges1 y mu/ /& high] ?an t :i* is to be judg$3 z x is1 y h only come lat]4 ,! gue/s t come la/ to ! table %\ld rightly take ! la/ places3 & w y take ! fir/8 ,!n d "s great & mighty de$3 ! place may be prep>$ = y !n1 ev5 ?\gh y d come la/4 ,y c only expla9 ! pa/ by :at is highe/ 9 ! pres5t4 ,only by /ra9+ ! noble/ qualities y h to _! highe/ p[] w y f9d out :at is greate/ 9 ! pa/1 mo/ wor? kn[+ & pres]v+4 ,l by l6 o!rwise y w draw ! pa/ to y\r own level4 ,d n believe any hi/ory t does n spr+ f ! m9d ( a r>e _s4 ,y w "k ! quality ( ! _s1 by its be+ =c$ to say some?+ univ]sal1 or to repeat some?+ t is kn[n already2 ! f9e hi/orian mu/ h ! p[] ( co9+ ! kn[n into a ?+ nev] he>d be=e & proclaim+ ! univ]sal s simply & pr(\ndly t ! simple is lo/ 9 ! pr(\nd1 & ! pr(\nd 9 ! simple4 ,no "o c be a great hi/orian & arti/1 & a %all[pate at ! same "t4 ,b "o mu/ n despise ! work]s :o sift & ca/ toge!r ! mat]ial because !y c nev] become great hi/orians4 ,!y mu/1 /ill less1 be conf\nd$ ) !m1 = !y are ! necess>y bricklay]s & appr5tices 9 ! s]vice ( ! ma/]3 j z ! ,fr5* us$ to speak1 m navely ?an a ,g]man w\ld1 ( ! hi/ori5s de ,m4 ,?i]s4 ,^! workm5 %\ld gradually become extremely le>n$1 b nev]1 = t reason1 turn to be ma/]s4 ,great le>n+ & great %all[ness g toge!r v well "u "o hat4 ,?us1 hi/ory is to be writt5 by ! man ( exp]i5ce & "*4 ,he :o has n liv$ ?r\gh some?+ great] & nobl] ?an o!rs1 w n be able to expla9 any?+ great & noble 9 ! pa/4 ,! language ( ! pa/ is always oracul>3 y w only und]/& x z build]s ( ! future :o "k ! pres5t4 ,we c only expla9 ! extraord9>ily wide influ5ce ( ,delphi by ! fact t ! ,delphic prie/s _h an exact k ( ! pa/3 &1 simil>ly1 only he :o is build+ up ! future has a "r to judge ! pa/4 ,if y set a great aim be=e y\r eyes1 y control at ! same "t ! it* = analysis t makes ! pres5t into a des]t = y1 & all re/1 all peaceful gr[? & rip5+1 impossible4 ,h$ge y\rselves ) a great1 all-embrac+ hope1 & /rive on4 ,make ( y\rselves a mirror :]e ! future may see itself1 & =get ! sup]/ition t y are ,epigoni4 ,y h en\gh to pond] & f9d out1 9 pond]+ ! life ( ! future3 b d n ask hi/ory to %[ y ! means & ! in/rum5t to x4 ,if y live y\rselves back into ! hi/ory ( great m51 y w f9d 9 x ! high comm& to come to maturity & leave t blight+ sy/em ( cultivation (f]$ by y\r "t3 :i* sees its own pr(it 9 n all[+ y to become ripe1 t x may use & dom9ate y :ile y are yet unripe4 ,& if y want biographies1 d n look = ^? ) ! leg5d ,mr4 ,s-&-s & 8 times1 b = "o ^: title-page might be inscrib$ a fight] aga9/ 8 "t4 ,fea/ y\r s\ls on ,plut>*1 & d>e to believe 9 y\rselves :5 y believe 9 8 h]oes4 ,a hundr$ su* m5--educat$ aga9/ ! fa%ion ( to-day1 made famili> ) ! h]oic1 & come to maturity--are en\gh to give an et]nal quietus to ! noisy %am education ( ?is "t4 ,,vii4 ,! unre/ra9$ hi/orical s5se1 pu%$ to its logical extreme1 uproots ! future1 because x de/roys illusions & robs exi/+ ?+s ( ! only atmosph]e 9 :i* !y c live4 ,hi/orical ju/ice1 ev5 if practis$ consci5ti\sly1 ) a pure he>t1 is !re=e a dreadful virtue1 because x always und]m9es & ru9s ! liv+ ?+3 its judgm5t always means annihilation4 ,if !re be no con/ructive impulse beh9d ! hi/orical "o1 if ! cle>ance ( rubbi% be n m]ely to leave ! gr\nd free = ! hopeful liv+ future to build its h\se1 if ju/ice alone be supreme1 ! creative in/9ct is sapp$ & disc\rag$4 ,a religion1 = example1 t has to be turn$ into a matt] ( hi/orical k by ! p[] ( pure ju/ice1 & to be sci5tifically /udi$ ?r\gh\t1 is de/roy$ at ! end ( x all4 ,= ! hi/orical audit br+s s mu* to light :i* is false & absurd1 viol5t & inhuman1 t ! condition ( pi\s illusion falls to pieces4 ,& a ?+ c only live ?r\gh a pi\s illusion4 ,= man is creative only ?r\gh love & 9 ! %ad[ ( love's illusions1 only ?r\gh ! unconditional belief 9 p]fection & righte\sness4 ,ev]y?+ t =ces a man to be no long] uncondition$ 9 8 love1 cuts at ! root ( 8 /r5g?3 he mu/ )]1 & be di%on\r$4 ,art has ! opposite effect to hi/ory3 & only p]haps if hi/ory suff] trans=mation into a pure "w ( art1 c x pres]ve in/9cts or ar\se !m4 ,su* hi/ory w\ld be q aga9/ ! analytical & in>ti/ic t5d5cies ( our "t1 & ev5 be consid]$ false4 ,b ! hi/ory t m]ely de/roys )\t any impulse to con/ruct1 w 9 ! long-run make its in/rum5ts tir$ ( life2 = su* m5 de/roy illusions1 & he :o de/roys illusions 9 himself & o!rs is puni%$ by ! ultimate tyrant1 ,nature4 ,= a "t a man c take up hi/ory l any o!r /udy1 & x w be p]fectly h>mless4 ,rec5t !ology seems to h ent]$ q innoc5tly into p>tn]%ip ) hi/ory1 & sc>cely sees ev5 n[ t x has unwitt+ly b\nd itself to ! ,voltairean crasez6 ,no "o ne$ expect f t any new & p[]ful con/ructive impulse3 !y might z well h let ! s-call$ ,prote/ant ,union s]ve z ! cradle ( a new religion1 & ! juri/ ,holtz5dorf1 ! editor ( ! f> m dubi\sly nam$ ,prote/ant ,bible1 be its ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,?is /ate ( innoc5ce may be cont9u$ = "s "t by ! ,hegelian philosophy1--/ill see?+ 9 "s ( ! old] heads1--by :i* m5 c di/+ui% ! idea ( ,*ri/ianity f its v>i\s imp]fect manife/ations2 & p]suade !mselves t x is ! self-movem5t ( ! ,idea t is ev] p>ticul>is+ itself 9 pur] & pur] =ms1 & at la/ becomes ! pure/1 mo/ transp>5t1 9 fact sc>cely visible =m 9 ! bra9 ( ! pres5t !ologus lib]alis vulg>is4 ,b to li/5 to ?is pure ,*ri/ianity speak+ its m9d ab\t ! e>li] impure ,*ri/ianity1 ! un9itiat$ he>] w\ld (t5 get ! impression t ! talk 0 n ( ,*ri/ianity at all b ( 444--:at are we to ?9k8 if we f9d ,*ri/ianity describ$ by ! greate/ !ologians ( ! c5tury z ! religion t claims to f9d itself 9 all real religions & "s o!r b>ely possible religions1 & if ! true *ur* is to be a ?+ :i* may become a liquid mass ) no fix$ outl9e1 ) no fix$ place = its diff]5t p>ts1 b ev]y?+ to be peacefully weld$ toge!r--:at1 ,i ask aga91 are we to ?9k8 ,*ri/ianity has be5 d5aturalis$ by hi/orical treatm5t--:i* 9 its mo/ complete =m means j treatm5t--until x has be5 resolv$ into pure k & de/roy$ 9 ! process4 ,?is c be /udi$ 9 ev]y?+ t has life4 ,= x ceases to h life if x be p]fectly dissect$1 & lives 9 pa9 & angui% z soon z ! hi/orical dissection beg9s4 ,!re are "s :o believe 9 ! sav+ p[] ( ,g]man music to revolutionise ! ,g]man nature4 ,!y angrily exclaim aga9/ ! special inju/ice done to our culture1 :5 su* m5 z ,moz>t & ,bee?ov5 are beg9n+ to be spatt]$ ) ! le>n$ mud ( ! biograph]s & =c$ to answ] a ?\s& se>*+ que/ions on ! rack ( hi/orical criticism4 ,is x n premature dea?1 or at lea/ mutilation1 = any?+ ^: liv+ influ5ce is n yet exhau/$1 :5 m5 turn _! curi\s eyes to ! little m9uti ( life & art1 & look = problems ( k :]e "o ought to le>n to live1 & =get problems8 ,set a c\ple ( ^! mod]n biograph]s to consid] ! orig9s ( ,*ri/ianity or ! ,lu!ran re=mation3 _! sob]1 practical inve/igations w\ld be q suffici5t to make all spiritual action at a di/ance impossible3 j z ! smalle/ animal c prev5t ! gr[? ( ! mightie/ oak by simply eat+ up ! acorn4 ,all liv+ ?+s ne$ an atmosph]e1 a my/]i\s mi/1 ar\nd !m4 ,if t veil be tak5 away & a religion1 an art1 or a g5ius condemn$ to revolve l a /> )\t an atmosph]e1 we mu/ n be surpris$ if x becomes h>d & unfruitful1 & soon )]s4 ,x is s ) all great ?+s t nev] prosp] )\t "s illusion1 z ,hans ,sa*s says 9 ! ,mei/]s+]4 ,e p1 e man ev51 :o w\ld become ripe1 ne$s su* a veil ( illusion1 su* a protect+ cl\d4 ,b n[ m5 hate to become ripe1 = !y hon\r hi/ory above life4 ,!y cry 9 triumph t sci5ce is n[ beg9n+ to rule life4 ,possibly x might2 b a life ?us rul$ is n ( mu* value4 ,x is n su* true life1 & promises mu* less = ! future ?an ! life t us$ to be guid$ n by sci5ce1 b by in/9cts & p[]ful illusions4 ,b ?is is n to be ! age ( ripe1 al]t & h>moni\s p]sonalities1 b ( "w t may be ( mo/ use to ! commonweal?4 ,m5 are to be fa%ion$ to ! ne$s ( ! "t1 t !y may soon take _! place 9 ! ma*9e4 ,!y mu/ "w 9 ! factory ( ! common good be=e !y are ripe1 or r to prev5t !m becom+ ripe2 = ?is w\ld be a luxury t w\ld draw away a deal ( p[] f ! lab\r m>ket4 ,"s birds are bl9d$ t !y may s+ bett]2 ,i d n ?9k m5 s+ to-day bett] ?an _! gr&fa!rs1 ?\gh ,i am sure !y are bl9d$ e>ly4 ,b light1 too cle>1 too sudd5 & dazzl+1 is ! infam\s means us$ to bl9d !m4 ,! "y man is kick$ ?r\gh all ! c5turies3 boys :o "k no?+ ( w>1 diplomacy1 or comm]ce are consid]$ fit to be introduc$ to political hi/ory4 ,we mod]ns also run ?r\gh art gall]ies & he> conc]ts 9 ! same way z ! "y man runs ?r\gh hi/ory4 ,we c feel t "o ?+ s\nds diff]5tly f ano!r1 & pron\nce on ! diff]5t effects4 ,& ! p[] ( gradually los+ all feel+s ( /rang5ess or a/oni%m5t1 & f9ally be+ pleas$ at any?+1 is call$ ! hi/orical s5se1 or hi/orical culture4 ,! cr[d ( influ5ces /ream+ on ! "y s\l is s great1 ! clods ( b>b>ism & viol5ce flung at him s /range & ov]:elm+1 t an assum$ /upidity is 8 only refuge4 ,:]e !re is a subtl] & /rong] self-consci\sness we f9d ano!r emotion too--disgu/4 ,! "y man has become homeless3 he d\bts all ideas1 all moralities4 ,he kn[s x 0 diff]5t 9 e age1 & :at y are does n matt]4 ,9 a heavy apa?y he lets op9ion on op9ion pass by him1 & und]/&s ! mean+ ( ,hld]l9's words :5 he read ! "w ( ,diog5es ,la]tius on ! lives & doctr9es ( ! ,greek philosoph]s3 ,i h se5 "h too :at has (t5 occurr$ to me1 t ! *ange & wa/e 9 m5's ?\ghts & sy/ems is f> m tragic ?an ! fates t ov]take :at m5 are accu/om$ to call ! only realities4 ,no1 su* /udy ( hi/ory bewild]s & ov]:elms4 ,x is n necess>y = y\?1 z ! anci5ts %[1 b ev5 9 ! highe/ degree dang]\s1 z ! mod]ns %[4 ,consid] ! hi/orical /ud5t1 ! heir ( ennui1 t appe>s ev5 9 8 boyhood4 ,he has ! me?ods = orig9al "w1 ! correct ideas & ! airs ( ! ma/] at 8 f+]s' ends4 ,a little isolat$ p]iod ( ! pa/ is m>k$ out = sacrifice4 ,he clev]ly applies 8 me?od1 & produces some?+1 or r1 9 pr\d] phrase1 creates some?+4 ,he becomes a s]vant ( tru? & a rul] 9 ! great doma9 ( hi/ory4 ,if he 0 :at !y call ripe z a boy1 he is n[ ov]-ripe4 ,y only ne$ %ake him & wisdom w rattle d[n into y\r lap2 b ! wisdom is rott51 & e apple has its worm4 ,believe me1 if m5 "w 9 ! factory ( sci5ce & h to make !mselves useful be=e !y are really ripe1 sci5ce is ru9$ z mu* z ! slaves :o h be5 employ$ too soon4 ,i am sorry to use ! common j>gon ab\t slave-own]s & taskma/]s 9 respect ( su* conditions1 t might be ?\ght free f any economic ta9t3 b ! words factory1 lab\r-m>ket1 auction-sale1 practical use1 & all ! auxili>ies ( egoism1 come involunt>ily to ! lips 9 describ+ ! y\ng] g5]ation ( savants4 ,successful m$iocrity t5ds to become /ill m m$iocre1 sci5ce /ill m useful4 ,our mod]n savants are only wise on "o subject1 9 all ! re/ !y are1 to say ! lea/1 diff]5t f ^? ( ! old /amp4 ,9 spite ( t !y dem& hon\r & pr(it = !mselves1 z if ! /ate & public op9ion 7 b\nd to take ! new co9age = ! same value z ! old4 ,! c>t]s h made a trade-compact among !mselves1 & settl$ t g5ius is sup]flu\s1 = e c>ri] is be+ re-/amp$ z "o4 ,& probably a lat] age w see t _! edifices are only c>t$ toge!r & n built4 ,to ^? :o h ev] on _! lips ! mod]n cry ( battle & sacrifice--,division ( lab\r6 fall into l9e6 we may say r\ndly3 ,if y try to fur!r ! progress ( sci5ce z quickly z possible1 y w end by de/roy+ x z quickly z possible2 j z ! h5 is worn out :i* y =ce to lay too _m eggs4 ,! progress ( sci5ce has be5 amaz+ly rapid 9 ! la/ decade2 b consid] ! savants1 ^? exhau/$ h5s4 ,!y are c]ta9ly n h>moni\s natures3 !y c m]ely cackle m ?an be=e1 because !y lay eggs (t5]3 b ! eggs are always small]1 ?\gh _! books are bigg]4 ,! natural result ( x all is ! fav\rite popul>is+ ( sci5ce 7or r its fem9is+ & infantis+71 ! villa9\s habit ( cutt+ ! clo? ( sci5ce to fit ! figure ( ! g5]al public4 ,goe! saw ! abuse 9 ?is1 & dem&$ t sci5ce %\ld only influ5ce ! out] _w by way ( a nobl] ideal ( action4 ,! old] g5]ation ( savants _h good reason = ?9k+ ?is abuse an oppressive burd53 ! mod]n savants h an equally good reason = welcom+ x1 because1 leav+ _! little corn] ( k out ( acc\nt1 !y are "p ( ! g5]al public !mselves1 & its ne$s are !irs4 ,!y only require to take !mselves less s]i\sly to be able to op5 _! little k+dom successfully to popul> curiosity4 ,?is easy-go+ behavi\r is call$ ! mode/ condesc5sion ( ! savant to ! p2 :]eas 9 reality he has only desc5d$ to himself1 s f> z he is n a savant b a plebeian4 ,rise to ! conception ( a p1 y le>n$ m52 y c nev] h "o noble or high en\gh4 ,if y ?\ght mu* ( ! p1 y w\ld h compassion t[>ds !m1 & %r9k f (f]+ y\r hi/orical aqua=tis z a refre%+ dr9k4 ,b y really ?9k v little ( !m1 = y d>e n take any reasonable pa9s = _! future2 & y act l practical pessimi/s1 m5 :o feel ! com+ cata/rophe & become indiff]5t & c>eless ( _! own & o!rs' exi/5ce4 ,if only ! e>? la/ = u3 & if x d n la/1 x is no matt]4 ,?us !y come to live an ironical exi/5ce4 ,,viii4 ,x may seem a p>adox1 ?\gh x is none1 t ,i %\ld attribute a k9d ( ironical self-consci\sness to an age t is g5]ally s hone/ly1 & clamor\sly1 va9 ( its hi/orical tra9+2 & %\ld see a suspicion hov]+ ne> x t !re is really no?+ to be pr\d (1 & a fe> le/ ! "t = rejoic+ at hi/orical k may soon h gone by4 ,goe! has %[n a simil> riddle 9 man's nature1 9 8 rem>kable /udy ( ,newton3 he f9ds a tr\bl$ feel+ ( 8 own error at ! base--or r on ! height--( 8 be+1 j z if he 0 consci\s at times ( hav+ a deep] insight into ?+s1 t vani%$ ! mom5t aft]4 ,?is gave him a c]ta9 ironical view ( 8 own nature4 ,& "o f9ds t ! great] & m develop$ hi/orical m5 are consci\s ( all ! sup]/ition & absurdity 9 ! belief t a p's education ne$ be s extremely hi/orical z x is2 ! mightie/ nations1 mightie/ 9 action & influ5ce1 h liv$ o!rwise1 & _! y\? has be5 tra9$ o!rwise4 ,! k gives a sceptical turn to _! m9ds4 ,! absurdity & sup]/ition1 ^! sceptics say1 suit m5 l ourselves1 :o come z ! late/ )]$ %oots ( a gladd] & mighti] /ock1 & fulfil ,hesiod's prophecy1 t m5 w "o day be born gray-head$1 & t ,zeus w de/roy t g5]ation z soon z ! sign be visible4 ,hi/orical culture is really a k9d ( inh]it$ grayness1 & ^? :o h borne its m>k f *ildhood mu/ believe in/9ctively 9 ! old age ( mank9d4 ,to old age belongs ! old man's bus9ess ( look+ back & ca/+ up 8 acc\nts1 ( seek+ consolation 9 ! memories ( ! pa/1--9 hi/orical culture4 ,b ! human race is t\gh & p]si/5t1 & w n admit t ! lapse ( a ?\s& ye>s1 or a hundr$ ?\s&1 entitles any "o to sum up its progress f ! pa/ to ! future2 t is1 x w n be obs]v$ z a :ole at all by t inf9itesimal atom1 ! individual man4 ,:at is !re 9 a c\ple ( ?\s& ye>s--! p]iod ( ?irty-f\r consecutive human lives ( sixty ye>s ea*--to make u speak ( y\? at ! beg9n+1 & ! old age ( mank9d at ! end ( !m8 ,does n ?is p>alys+ belief 9 a fa/-fad+ humanity cov] ! misund]/&+ ( a !ological idea1 inh]it$ f ! ,middle ,ages1 t ! end ( ! _w is approa*+ & we are wait+ anxi\sly = ! judgm5t8 ,does n ! increas+ dem& = hi/orical judgm5t give u t idea 9 a new dress8 z if our "t 7 ! late/ possible "t1 & comm&$ to hold t univ]sal judgm5t ( ! pa/1 :i* ! ,*ri/ian nev] expect$ f a man1 b f ! ,son ( ,man4 ,! mem5to mori1 spok5 to humanity z well z ! individual1 0 a /+ t nev] ceas$ to pa91 ! cr[n ( m$ival k & consci\sness4 ,! opposite message ( a lat] "t1 mem5to viv]e1 is spok5 r timidly1 )\t ! full p[] ( ! lungs2 & !re is some?+ almo/ di%one/ ab\t x4 ,= mank9d /ill keeps to its mem5to mori1 & %[s x by ! univ]sal ne$ = hi/ory2 sci5ce may flap its w+s z x w1 x has nev] be5 able to ga9 ! free air4 ,a deep feel+ ( hopelessness has rema9$1 & tak5 ! hi/orical col\r+ t has n[ d>k5$ & depress$ all high] education4 ,a religion t1 ( all ! h\rs ( man's life1 ?9ks ! la/ ! mo/ important1 t has prophesi$ ! end ( e>?ly life & condemn$ all creatures to live 9 ! fif? act ( a trag$y1 may call =? ! subtle/ & noble/ p[]s ( man1 b x is an enemy to all new plant+1 to all bold attempts or free aspirations4 ,x opposes all flight into ! unkn[n1 because x has no life or hope !re itself4 ,x only lets ! new bud press =? on suff]ance1 to blight x 9 its own good "t3 x might lead life a/ray & give x a false value4 ,:at ! ,flor5t9es did "u ! influ5ce ( ,savon>ola's exhortations1 :5 !y made ! fam\s holocau/ ( pictures1 manuscripts1 masks & mirrors1 ,*ri/ianity w\ld l to d ) e culture t allur$ to fur!r ef=t & bore t mem5to viv]e on its /&>d4 ,& if x _c take ! direct way--! way ( ma9 =ce--x ga9s its end all ! same by ally+ itself ) hi/orical culture1 ?\gh g5]ally )\t its connivance2 & speak+ ?r\gh its m\?1 turns away e fre% bir? ) a %rug ( its %\ld]s1 & makes u feel all ! m t we are late-com]s & ,epigoni1 t we are1 9 a ^w1 born ) gray hair4 ,! deep & s]i\s contemplation ( ! unwor?9ess ( all pa/ action1 ( ! _w ripe = judgm5t1 has be5 :ittl$ d[n to ! sceptical consci\sness t x is anyh[ a good ?+ to "k all t has happ5$1 z x is too late to d any?+ bett]4 ,! hi/orical s5se makes its s]vants passive & retrospective4 ,only 9 mom5ts ( =getfulness1 :5 t s5se is dormant1 does ! man :o is sick ( ! hi/orical fev] ev] act2 ?\gh he only analyses 8 de$ aga9 aft] x is ov] 7:i* prev5ts x f hav+ any fur!r consequ5ces71 & f9ally puts x on ! dissect+ table = ! purposes ( hi/ory4 ,9 ?is s5se we are /ill liv+ 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 & hi/ory is /ill a disguis$ !ology2 j z ! rev]5ce ) :i* ! unle>n$ layman looks on ! le>n$ class is inh]it$ ?r\gh ! cl]gy4 ,:at m5 gave =m]ly to ! ,*ur* !y give n[1 ?\gh 9 small] measure1 to sci5ce4 ,b ! fact ( giv+ at all is ! "w ( ! ,*ur*1 n ( ! mod]n _s1 :i* among its o!r good qualities has some?+ ( ! mis] 9 x1 & is a bad h& at ! excell5t virtue ( lib]ality4 ,^! words may n be v acceptable1 any m ?an my d]ivation ( ! excess ( hi/ory f ! m$ival mem5to mori & ! hopelessness t ,*ri/ianity be>s 9 its he>t t[>ds all future ages ( e>?ly exi/5ce4 ,b y %\ld always try to replace my hesitat+ explanations by a bett] "o4 ,= ! orig9 ( hi/orical culture1 & ( its absolutely radical antagonism to ! _s ( a new "t & a mod]n consci\sness1 mu/ itself be kn[n by a hi/orical process4 ,hi/ory mu/ solve ! problem ( hi/ory1 sci5ce mu/ turn its /+ aga9/ itself4 ,?is ?reefold mu/ is ! imp]ative ( ! new _s1 if x is really to conta9 some?+ new1 p[]ful1 vital & orig9al4 ,or is x true t we ,g]mans--to leave ! ,romance nations out ( acc\nt--mu/ always be m]e foll[]s 9 all ! high] rea*es ( culture1 because t is all we c be8 ,! words ( ,wilhelm ,wack]nagel are well wor? pond]+3 ,we ,g]mans are a nation ( 'foll[]s1' & ) all our high] sci5ce & ev5 our fai?1 are m]ely ! successors ( ! anci5t _w4 ,ev5 ^? :o are oppos$ to x are cont9ually brea?+ ! immortal _s ( classical culture ) t ( ,*ri/ianity3 & if any "o c\ld sep>ate ^! two elem5ts f ! liv+ air surr\nd+ ! s\l ( man1 !re w\ld n be mu* rema9+ = a spiritual life to exi/ on4 ,ev5 if we w\ld re/ cont5t ) our vocation to foll[ antiquity1 ev5 if we decid$ to take x 9 an e>ne/ & /r5u\s _s & to %[ our high pr]ogative 9 our e>ne/ness1--we %\ld yet be compell$ to ask :e!r x 7 our et]nal de/9y to be pupils ( a fad+ antiquity4 ,we might be all[$ at "s "t to put our aim high] & fur!r above u4 ,& aft] congratulat+ ourselves on hav+ br\ght t second>y _s ( ,alex&rian culture 9 u to su* m>vell\s productiv5ess--?r\gh our univ]sal hi/ory--we might g on to place be=e u1 z our noble/ prize1 ! /ill high] task ( /riv+ beyond & above ?is ,alex&rian _w2 & bravely f9d our prototypes 9 ! anci5t ,greek _w1 :]e all 0 great1 natural & human4 ,b x is j !re t we f9d ! reality ( a true unhi/orical culture--& 9 spite ( t1 or p]haps because ( x1 an unspeakably ri* & vital culture4 ,7 we ,g]mans no?+ b foll[]s1 we c\ld n be any?+ great] or pr\d] ?an ! l9eal inh]itors & foll[]s ( su* a culture4 ,?is h[ev] mu/ be add$4 ,! ?\ght ( be+ ,epigoni1 t is (t5 a torture1 c yet create a spr+ ( hope = ! future1 to ! individual z well z ! p3 s f>1 t is1 z we c reg>d ourselves z ! heirs & foll[]s ( ! m>vell\s classical p[]1 & see !re9 bo? our hon\r & our spur4 ,b n z ! late & bitt] fruit ( a p[]ful /ock1 giv+ t /ock a fur!r spell ( cold life1 z antiqu>ies & grave-digg]s4 ,su* late-com]s live truly an ironical exi/5ce4 ,annihilation foll[s _! halt+ walk on tiptoe ?r\gh life4 ,!y %udd] be=e x 9 ! mid/ ( _! rejoic+ ov] ! pa/4 ,!y are liv+ memories1 & _! own memories h no mean+2 = !re are none to inh]it !m4 ,& ?us !y are wrapp$ 9 ! melan*oly ?\ght t _! life is an inju/ice1 :i* no future life c set "r aga94 ,suppose t ^! antiqu>ies1 ^! late arrivals1 7 to *ange _! pa9ful ironic mode/y = a c]ta9 %amelessness4 ,suppose we he>d !m say+1 al\d1 ,! race is at its z5i?1 = x has manife/$ itself consci\sly = ! fir/ "t4 ,we %\ld h a com$y1 9 :i* ! d>k mean+ ( a c]ta9 v celebrat$ philosophy w\ld unroll itself = ! b5efit ( ,g]man culture4 ,i believe !re has be5 no dang]\s turn+-po9t 9 ! progress ( ,g]man culture 9 ?is c5tury t has n be5 made m dang]\s by ! enorm\s & /ill liv+ influ5ce ( ?is ,hegelian philosophy4 ,! belief t "o is a late-com] 9 ! _w is1 anyh[1 h>mful & degrad+3 b x mu/ appe> frightful & deva/at+ :5 x raises our late-com] to godhead1 by a neat turn ( ! :eel1 z ! true mean+ & object ( all pa/ creation1 & 8 consci\s mis]y is set up z ! p]fection ( ! _w's hi/ory4 ,su* a po9t ( view has accu/om$ ! ,g]mans to talk ( a _w-process1 & ju/ify _! own "t z its necess>y result4 ,& x has put hi/ory 9 ! place ( ! o!r spiritual p[]s1 art & religion1 z ! "o sov]eign2 inasmu* z x is ! ,idea realis+ itself1 ! ,dialectic ( ! _s ( ! nations1 & ! tribunal ( ! _w4 ,hi/ory und]/ood 9 ?is ,hegelian way has be5 contemptu\sly call$ ,god's soj\rn ^u e>?1--?\gh ! ,god 0 fir/ creat$ by ! hi/ory4 ,he1 at any rate1 became transp>5t & intelligible inside ,hegelian skulls1 & has ris5 ?r\gh all ! dialectically possible /eps 9 8 be+ up to ! manife/ation ( ! ,self3 s t = ,hegel ! highe/ & f9al /age ( ! _w-process came toge!r 9 8 own ,b]l9 exi/5ce4 ,he ought to h said t ev]y?+ aft] him 0 m]ely to be reg>d$ z ! musical coda ( ! great hi/orical rondo1--or r1 z simply sup]flu\s4 ,he has n said x2 & ?us he has implant$ 9 a g5]ation leav5$ ?r\gh\t by him ! wor%ip ( ! p[] ( hi/ory1 t practically turns e mom5t into a %e] gap+ at success1 into an idolatry ( ! actual3 = :i* we h n[ discov]$ ! *>act]i/ic phrase to adapt ourselves to circum/ances4 ,b ! man :o has once le>nt to crook ! knee & b[ ! head be=e ! p[] ( hi/ory1 nods yes at la/1 l a ,*9ese doll1 to e p[]1 :e!r x be a gov]nm5t or a public op9ion or a num]ical majority2 & 8 limbs move correctly z ! p[] pulls ! /r+4 ,if ea* success h come by a rational necessity1 & e ev5t %[ ! victory ( logic or ! ,idea1 !n--d[n on y\r knees quickly1 & let e /ep 9 ! ladd] ( success h its rev]5ce6 ,!re are no m liv+ my?ologies1 y say8 ,religions are at _! la/ gasp8 ,look at ! religion ( ! p[] ( hi/ory1 & ! prie/s ( ! my?ology ( ,ideas1 ) _! sc>r$ knees6 ,d n all ! virtues foll[ 9 ! tra9 ( ! new fai?8 ,& %all we n call x unselfi%ness1 :5 ! hi/orical man lets himself be turn$ into an objective mirror ( all t is8 ,is x n magnanimity to r5\nce all p[] 9 heav5 & e>? 9 ord] to adore ! m]e fact ( p[]8 ,is x n ju/ice1 always to hold ! balance ( =ces 9 y\r h&s & obs]ve :i* is ! /rong] & heavi]8 ,& :at a s*ool ( polit5ess is su* a contemplation ( ! pa/6 ,to take ev]y?+ objectively1 to be angry at no?+1 to love no?+1 to und]/& ev]y?+--makes "o g5tle & pliable4 ,ev5 if a man br\ght up 9 ?is s*ool w %[ himself op5ly (f5d$1 "o is j z pleas$1 kn[+ x is only meant 9 ! arti/ic s5se ( ira et /udium1 ?\gh x is really s9e ira et /udio4 ,:at old-fa%ion$ ?\ghts ,i h on su* a comb9ation ( virtue & my?ology6 ,b !y mu/ out1 h[ev] "o may laugh at !m4 ,i w\ld ev5 say t hi/ory always tea*es--x 0 once1 & morality--x ought n to be1 or h be54 ,s hi/ory becomes a comp5dium ( actual immorality4 ,b h[ wrong w\ld "o be to reg>d hi/ory z ! judge ( ?is actual immorality6 ,morality is (f5d$ by ! fact t a ,raphael _h to die at ?irty-six2 su* a be+ ought n to die4 ,if y came to ! help ( hi/ory1 z ! apologi/s ( ! actual1 y w\ld say3 he _h spok5 ev]y?+ t 0 9 him to speak1 a long] life w\ld only h enabl$ him to create a simil> beauty1 & n a new beauty1 & s on4 ,?us y become an advocatus diaboli by sett+ up ! success1 ! fact1 z y\r idol3 :]eas ! fact is always dull1 at all times m l calf ?an a god4 ,y\r apologies = hi/ory are help$ by ignorance3 = x is only because y d n "k :at a natura naturans l ,raphael is1 t y are n on fire :5 y ?9k x exi/$ once & c nev] exi/ aga94 ,"s "o has lately tri$ to tell u t ,goe! _h out-liv$ himself ) 8 eighty-two ye>s3 & yet ,i w\ld gladly take two ( ,goe!'s out-liv$ ye>s 9 ex*ange = :ole c>tloads ( fre% mod]n lifetimes1 to h ano!r set ( su* conv]sations z ^? ) ,eck]mann1 & be pres]v$ f all ! mod]n talk ( ^! esquires ( ! mom5t4 ,h[ few liv+ m5 h a "r to live1 z aga9/ ^? mighty dead6 ,t ! _m live & ^? few live no long]1 is simply a brutal tru?1 t is1 a piece ( unalt]able folly1 a blank wall ( x 0 once s aga9/ ! moral judgm5t x ought n to h be54 ,yes1 aga9/ ! moral judgm5t6 ,= y may speak ( :at virtue y w1 ( ju/ice1 c\rage1 magnanimity1 ( wisdom & human compassion1--y w f9d ! virtu\s man w always rise aga9/ ! bl9d =ce ( facts1 ! tyranny ( ! actual1 & submit himself to laws t are n ! fickle laws ( hi/ory4 ,he ev] swims aga9/ ! waves ( hi/ory1 ei!r by fight+ 8 passions1 z ! ne>e/ brute facts ( 8 exi/5ce1 or by tra9+ himself to hone/y amid ! glitt]+ nets spun r\nd him by falsehood4 ,7 hi/ory no?+ m ?an ! all-embrac+ sy/em ( passion & error1 man w\ld h to read x z ,goe! wi%$ ,w]!r to be read2--j z if x call$ to him1 ,be a man & foll[ me n6 ,b =tunately hi/ory also keeps alive = u ! memory ( ! great fight]s aga9/ hi/ory1 t is1 aga9/ ! bl9d p[] ( ! actual2 x puts itself 9 ! pillory j by glorify+ ! true hi/orical nature 9 m5 :o tr\bl$ !mselves v little ab\t ! ?us x is1 9 ord] t !y might foll[ a ?us x mu/ be ) great] joy & great] pride4 ,n to drag _! g5]ation to ! grave1 b to f\nd a new "o--t is ! motive t ev] drives !m onw>d2 & ev5 if !y are born late1 !re is a way ( liv+ by :i* !y c =get x--& future g5]ations w "k !m only z ! fir/-com]s4 ,,ix4 ,is p]haps our "t su* a fir/-com]8 ,its hi/orical s5se is s /rong1 & has su* univ]sal & b\ndless expression1 t future times w comm5d x1 if only = ?is1 z a fir/-com]--if !re be any future "t1 9 ! s5se ( future culture4 ,b "h comes a grave d\bt4 ,close to ! mod]n man's pride !re /&s 8 irony ab\t himself1 8 consci\sness t he mu/ live 9 a hi/orical1 or twilit1 atmosph]e1 ! fe> t he c reta9 none ( 8 y\?ful hopes & p[]s4 ,"h & !re "o goes fur!r into cynicism1 & ju/ifies ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 nay1 ! :ole evolution ( ! _w1 z simply lead+ up to ! mod]n man1 accord+ to ! cynical canon3--:at y see n[ _h to come1 man _h to be ?us & n o!rwise1 no "o c /& aga9/ ?is necessity4 ,he :o _c re/ 9 a /ate ( irony flies = refuge to ! cynicism4 ,! la/ decade makes him a pres5t ( "o ( its mo/ beautiful inv5tions1 a full & well-r\nd$ phrase = ?is cynicism3 he calls 8 way ( liv+ ?\ghtlessly & aft] ! fa%ion ( 8 "t1 ! full surr5d] ( 8 p]sonality to ! _w-process4 ,! p]sonality & ! _w-process6 ,! _w-process & ! p]sonality ( ! e>?worm6 ,if only "o did n et]nally he> ! ^w _w1 _w1 _w1 t hyp]bole ( all hyp]boles2 :5 we %\ld only speak1 9 a dec5t mann]1 ( man1 man1 man6 ,heirs ( ! ,greeks & ,romans1 ( ,*ri/ianity8 ,all t seems no?+ to ! cynics4 ,b heirs ( ! _w-process2 ! f9al t>get ( ! _w-process2 ! mean+ & solution ( all riddles ( ! univ]se1 ! ripe/ fruit on ! tree ( k6--t is :at ,i call a "r noble ?\ght3 by ?is tok5 are ! fir/l+s ( e "t to be kn[n1 al?\gh !y may h arriv$ la/4 ,! hi/orical imag9ation has nev] fl[n s f>1 ev5 9 a dream2 = n[ ! hi/ory ( man is m]ely ! cont9uation ( t ( animals & plants3 ! univ]sal hi/orian f9ds traces ( himself ev5 9 ! utt] dep?s ( ! sea1 9 ! liv+ slime4 ,he /&s a/\nd$ 9 face ( ! enorm\s way t man has run1 & 8 gaze quiv]s be=e ! mighti] wond]1 ! mod]n man :o c see all ?is way6 ,he /&s pr\dly on ! pyramid ( ! _w-process3 & :ile he lays ! f9al /one ( 8 k1 he seems to cry al\d to li/5+ ,nature3 ,we are at ! top1 we are ! top1 we are ! completion ( ,nature6 ,o ?\ too pr\d ,european ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 art ?\ n mad8 ,?y k does n complete ,nature1 x only kills ?9e own nature6 ,measure ! height ( :at ?\ kn[e/ by ! dep?s ( ?y p[] to d4 ,?\ climbe/ ! sunbeams ( k up t[>ds heav5--b also d[n to ,*aos4 ,?y mann] ( go+ is fatal to !e2 ! gr\nd slips f "u ?y feet into ! unkn[n2 ?y life has no o!r /ay1 b only spid]'s webs t e new /roke ( ?y k te>s asund]4--,b n ano!r s]i\s ^w ab\t ?is1 = !re is a light] side to x all4 ,! morali/1 ! arti/1 ! sa9t & ! /atesman may well be tr\bl$1 :5 !y see t all f\ndations are break+ up 9 mad unconsci\s ru91 & resolv+ !mselves into ! ev] fl[+ /ream ( becom+2 t all creation is be+ tirelessly spun into webs ( hi/ory by ! mod]n man1 ! great spid] 9 ! me% ( ! _w-net4 ,we ourselves may be glad = once 9 a way t we see x all 9 ! %9+ magic mirror ( a philosophical p>odi/1 9 ^: bra9 ! "t has come to an ironical consci\sness ( itself1 to a po9t ev5 ( wick$ness1 9 ,goe!'s phrase4 ,hegel once said1 :5 ! _s makes a fre% />t1 we philosoph]s are at h&4 ,our "t did make a fre% />t--into irony1 & lo6 ,edw>d von ,h>tmann 0 at h&1 ) 8 fam\s ,philosophy ( ! ,unconsci\s--or1 m pla9ly1 8 philosophy ( unconsci\s irony4 ,we h seldom read a m jovial production1 a great] philosophical joke ?an ,h>tmann's book4 ,any "o :om x does n fully enlight5 ab\t becom+1 :o is n swept & g>ni%$ ?r\gh\t by x1 is ready to become a monum5t ( ! pa/ himself4 ,! beg9n+ & end ( ! _w-process1 f ! fir/ ?rob ( consci\sness to its f9al leap into no?+ness1 ) ! task ( our g5]ation settl$ = x2--all drawn f t clev] f\nt ( inspiration1 ! ,unconsci\s1 & glitt]+ 9 ,apocalyptic light1 imitat+ an hone/ s]i\sness to ! life1 z if x 7 a s]i\s philosophy & n a huge joke1--su* a sy/em %[s its creator to be "o ( ! fir/ philosophical p>odi/s ( all "t4 ,let u !n sacrifice on 8 alt>1 & (f] ! inv5tor ( a true univ]sal m$ic9e a lock ( hair1 9 ,s*lei]ma*]'s phrase4 ,= :at m$ic9e w\ld be m salut>y to combat ! excess ( hi/orical culture ?an ,h>tmann's p>ody ( ! _w's hi/ory8 ,if we wi%$ to express 9 ! fewe/ words :at ,h>tmann really has to tell u f 8 mephitic tripod ( unconsci\s irony1 x w\ld be some?+ l ?is3 our "t c\ld only rema9 z x is1 if m5 %\ld become ?or\ghly sick ( ?is exi/5ce4 ,& ,i f]v5tly believe he is "r4 ,! frightful petrifaction ( ! "t1 ! re/less rattle ( ! gho/ly bones1 held navely up to u by ,david ,/rauss z ! mo/ beautiful fact ( all--is ju/ifi$ by ,h>tmann n only f ! pa/1 ex causis effici5tibus1 b also f ! future1 ex causa f9ali4 ,! rogue let light /ream ov] our "t f ! la/ day1 & saw t x 0 v good1--= him1 t is1 :o wi%es to feel ! indige/ibility ( life at its full /r5g?1 & = :om ! la/ day _c come quickly en\gh4 ,true1 ,h>tmann calls ! old age ( life t mank9d is approa*+ ! old age ( man3 b t is ! bless$ /ate1 accord+ to him1 :]e !re is only a successful m$iocrity2 :]e art is ! ev5+'s amusem5t ( ! ,b]l9 f9anci]1 & ! "t has no m ne$ = g5iuses1 ei!r because x w\ld be ca/+ pe>ls be=e sw9e1 or because ! "t has advanc$ beyond ! /age :]e ! g5iuses are f\nd1 to "o m important1 to t /age ( social evolution1 9 fact1 9 :i* e work] leads a com=table exi/5ce1 ) h\rs ( "w t leave him suffici5t leisure to cultivate 8 intellect4 ,rogue ( rogues1 y say well :at is ! aspiration ( pres5t-day mank9d3 b y "k too :at a spectre ( disgu/ w arise at ! end ( ?is old age ( mank9d1 z ! result ( ! intellectual culture ( /olid m$iocrity4 ,x is v pitiful to see1 b x w be /ill m pitiful yet4 ,anti*ri/ is visibly ext5d+ 8 arms3 yet x mu/ be s1 = aft] all we are on ! "r road--( disgu/ at all exi/5ce4 ,=w>d !n1 boldly1 ) ! _w-process1 z work]s 9 ! v9ey>d ( ! ,"l1 = x is ! process alone t c lead to r$emption6 ,! v9ey>d ( ! ,"l6 ,! process6 ,to r$emption6 ,:o does n see & he> 9 ?is h[ hi/orical culture1 t only kn[s ! ^w becom+1 p>odies itself on purpose & says ! mo/ irresponsible ?+s ab\t itself ?r\gh its grotesque mask8 ,= :at does ! rogue mean by ?is cry to ! work]s 9 ! v9ey>d8 ,by :at "w are !y to /rive boldly =w>d8 ,or1 to ask ano!r "q3--:at fur!r has ! hi/orically educat$ fanatic ( ! _w-process to d1--swimm+ & dr[n+ z he is 9 ! sea ( becom+1--t he may at la/ ga!r 9 t v9tage ( disgu/1 ! preci\s grape ( ! v9ey>d8 ,he has no?+ to d b to live on z he has liv$1 love :at he has lov$1 hate :at he has hat$1 & read ! newspap]s he has always read4 ,! only s9 is = him to live o!rwise ?an he has liv$4 ,we are told h[ he has liv$1 ) monum5tal cle>ness1 by t fam\s page ) its l>ge typ$ s5t5ces1 on :i* ! :ole rabble ( our mod]n cultur$ folk h ?r[n !mselves 9 bl9d ec/asy1 because !y believe !y read _! own ju/ification !re1 halo$ ) an ,apocalyptic light4 ,= ! unconsci\s p>odi/ has dem&$ ( e "o ( !m1 ! full surr5d] ( 8 p]sonality to ! _w-process1 = ! sake ( 8 end1 ! r$emption ( ! _w3 or /ill m cle>ly1--! ass]tion ( ! w to live is proclaim$ to be ! fir/ /ep on ! "r road3 = x is only 9 ! full surr5d] to life & its sorr[1 & n 9 ! c[>dice ( p]sonal r5unciation & retreat1 t any?+ c be done = ! _w-process4444 ,! /riv+ = ! d5ial ( ! individual w is z fooli% z x is useless1 m fooli% ev5 ?an suicide4444 ,! ?\ghtful read] w und]/& )\t fur!r explanation h[ a practical philosophy c be erect$ on ^! pr9ciples1 & t su* a philosophy _c endure any disunion1 b only ! fulle/ reconciliation ) life4 ,! ?\ghtful read] w und]/&6 ,!n "o really c\ld misund]/& ,h>tmann6 ,& :at a spl5did joke x is1 t he %\ld be misund]/ood6 ,:y %\ld ! ,g]mans ( to-day be p>ticul>ly subtle8 ,a valiant ,engli%man looks 9 va9 = delicacy ( p]ception & d>es to say t 9 ! ,g]man m9d !re does seem to be some?+ splay1 some?+ blunt-edg$1 unh&y & infelicit\s4 ,c\ld ! great ,g]man p>odi/ contradict ?is8 ,accord+ to him1 we are approa*+ t ideal condition 9 :i* ! human race makes its hi/ory ) full consci\sness3 b we are obvi\sly f> f ! p]haps m ideal condition1 9 :i* mank9d c read ,h>tmann's book ) full consci\sness4 ,if we once rea* x1 ! ^w _w-process w nev] pass any man's lips aga9 )\t a smile4 ,= he w rememb] ! "t :5 p li/5$ to ! mock gospel ( ,h>tmann1 suck$ x 91 attack$ x1 rev]5c$ x1 ext5d$ x & canonis$ x ) all ! hone/y ( t ,g]man m9d1 ) ! uncanny s]i\sness ( an owl1 z ,goe! has x4 ,b ! _w mu/ g =w>d1 ! ideal condition _c be won by dream+1 x mu/ be f\ght & wre/l$ =1 & ! way to r$emption lies only ?r\gh joy\sness1 ! way to r$emption f t dull1 owli% s]i\sness4 ,! "t w come :5 we %all wisely keep away f all con/ructions ( ! _w-process1 or ev5 ( ! hi/ory ( man2 a "t :5 we %all no m look at masses b at individuals1 :o =m a sort ( bridge ov] ! wan /ream ( becom+4 ,!y may n p]haps cont9ue a process1 b !y live out ( "t1 z contempor>ies3 & ?anks to hi/ory t p]mits su* a company1 !y live z ! ,republic ( g5iuses ( :i* ,s*op5hau] speaks4 ,"o giant calls to ! o!r across ! wa/e spaces ( "t1 & ! high _s-talk goes on1 undi/urb$ by ! wanton noisy dw>fs :o creep among !m4 ,! task ( hi/ory is to be ! m$iator betwe5 ^!1 & ev5 to give ! motive & p[] to produce ! great man4 ,! aim ( mank9d c lie ultimately only 9 its highe/ examples4 ,our l[ com$ian has 8 ^w on ?is too1 ) 8 wond]ful dialectic1 :i* is j z g5u9e z its admir]s are admirable4 ,! idea ( evolution _c /& ) our giv+ ! _w-process an endless duration 9 ! pa/1 = ?us e conceivable evolution mu/ h tak5 place1 :i* is n ! case 7,o rogue672 & s we _c all[ ! process an endless duration 9 ! future4 ,bo? w\ld raise ! conception ( evolution to a m]e ideal 7,& aga9 rogue671 & w\ld make ! _w-process l ! sieve ( ! ,danaides4 ,! complete victory ( ! logical ov] ! illogical 7,o ?\ complete rogue67 mu/ co9cide ) ! la/ day1 ! end 9 "t ( ! _w-process4 ,no1 ?\ cle>1 scornful _s1 s long z ! illogical rules z x does to-day1--s long1 = example1 z ! _w-process c be spok5 ( z ?\ speake/ ( x1 amid su* deep-?roat$ ass5t1--! la/ day is yet f> (f4 ,= x is /ill too joyful on ?is e>?1 _m an illusion /ill blooms "h--l ! illusion ( ?y contempor>ies ab\t !e4 ,we are n yet ripe to be hurl$ into ?y no?+ness3 = we believe t we %all h a /ill m spl5did "t1 :5 m5 once beg9 to und]/& !e1 ?\ misund]/ood1 unconsci\s "o6 ,b if1 9 spite ( t1 disgu/ %all come ?ron$ 9 p[]1 z ?\ ha/ prophesi$ to ?y read]s2 if ?y portrayal ( ! pres5t & ! future %all prove to be "r1--& no "o has despis$ !m ) su* loa?+ z ?\1--,i am ready !n to cry ) ! majority 9 ! =m prescrib$ by !e1 t next ,saturday ev5+1 punctually at twelve o'clock1 ?y _w %all fall to pieces4 ,& our decree %all conclude ?us--f to-morr[ "t %all n exi/1 & ! ,times %all no m be publi%$4 ,p]haps x w be 9 va91 & our decree ( no avail3 at any rate we h /ill "t = a f9e exp]im5t4 ,take a balance & put ,h>tmann's ,unconsci\s 9 "o ( ! scales1 & 8 ,_w-process 9 ! o!r4 ,!re are "s :o believe !y weigh equally2 = 9 ea* scale !re is an evil ^w--& a good joke4 ,:5 !y are once und]/ood1 no "o w take ,h>tmann's words on ! _w-process z any?+ b a joke4 ,x is1 z a fact1 high "t to move =w>d ) ! :ole battalion ( satire & malice aga9/ ! excesses ( ! hi/orical s5se1 ! wanton love ( ! _w-process at ! exp5se ( life & exi/5ce1 ! bl9d confusion ( all p]spective4 ,& x w be to ! cr$it ( ! philosoph] ( ! ,unconsci\s t he has be5 ! fir/ to see ! hum\r ( ! _w-process1 & to succe$ 9 mak+ o!rs see x /ill m /rongly by ! extraord9>y s]i\sness ( 8 pres5tation4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! _w & humanity ne$ n tr\ble u = "s "t1 except to provide u ) a good joke3 = ! presumption ( ! small e>?worm is ! mo/ upro>i\sly comic ?+ on ! face ( ! e>?4 ,ask ?yself to :at end ?\ art "h1 z an individual2 & if no "o c tell !e1 try !n to ju/ify ! mean+ ( ?y exi/5ce a po/]iori1 by putt+ be=e ?yself a high & noble end4 ,p]i% on t rock6 ,i "k no bett] aim = life ?an to be brok5 on some?+ great & impossible1 anim magn prodigus4 ,b if we h ! doctr9es ( ! f9ality ( becom+1 ( ! flux ( all ideas1 types1 & species1 ( ! lack ( all radical diff]5ce betwe5 man & bea/ 7a true b fatal idea z ,i ?9k71--if we h ^! ?ru/ on ! p 9 ! usual mad way = ano!r g5]ation1 no "o ne$ be surpris$ if t p dr[n on its little mis]able %oals ( egoism1 & petrify 9 its self-seek+4 ,at fir/ x w fall asund] & cease to be a p4 ,9 its place p]haps individuali/ sy/ems1 secret societies = ! ext]m9ation ( non-memb]s1 & simil> utilit>ian creations1 w appe> on ! !atre ( ! future4 ,are we to cont9ue to "w = ^! creations & write hi/ory f ! /&po9t ( ! masses2 to look = laws 9 x1 to be d$uc$ f ! ne$s ( ! masses1 ! laws ( motion ( ! l[e/ loam & clay /rata ( society8 ,! masses seem to be wor? notice 9 ?ree aspects only3 fir/ z ! copies ( great m51 pr9t$ on bad pap] f worn-out plates1 next z a contra/ to ! great m51 & la/ly z _! tools3 = ! re/1 let ! devil & /ati/ics fly away ) !m6 ,h[ c\ld /ati/ics prove t !re are laws 9 hi/ory8 ,laws8 ,yes1 !y may prove h[ common & abom9ably uni=m ! masses are3 & %\ld we call ! effects ( lead5 folly1 imitation1 love & hung]--laws8 ,we may admit x3 b we are sure ( ?is too--t s f> z !re are laws 9 hi/ory1 ! laws are ( no value & ! hi/ory ( no value ei!r4 ,& lea/ valuable ( all is t k9d ( hi/ory :i* takes ! great popul> movem5ts z ! mo/ important ev5ts ( ! pa/1 & reg>ds ! great m5 only z _! cle>e/ expression1 ! visible bubbles on ! /ream4 ,?us ! masses h to produce ! great man1 *aos to br+ =? ord]2 & f9ally all ! hymns are naturally sung to ! teem+ *aos4 ,ev]y?+ is call$ great t has mov$ ! masses = "s long "t1 & becomes1 z !y say1 a hi/orical p[]4 ,b is n ?is really an int5tional confusion ( quantity & quality8 ,:5 ! bruti% mob h f\nd "s idea1 a religi\s idea = example1 :i* satisfies !m1 :5 !y h def5d$ x ?r\gh ?ick & ?9 = c5turies !n1 & !n only1 w !y discov] its inv5tor to h be5 a great man4 ,! highe/ & noble/ does n affect ! masses at all4 ,! hi/orical consequ5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 its hi/orical p[]1 t\ghness & p]si/5ce prove no?+1 =tunately1 z to its f\nd]'s greatness1 ,!y w\ld h be5 a witness aga9/ him4 ,= betwe5 him & ! hi/orical success ( ,*ri/ianity lies a d>k heavy weight ( passion & error1 lu/ ( p[] & hon\r1 & ! cru%+ =ce ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,f ?is1 ,*ri/ianity _h its e>?ly ta/e1 & its e>?ly f\ndations too1 t made its cont9uance 9 ?is _w possible4 ,greatness %\ld n dep5d on success2 ,demo/h5es is great )\t x4 ,! pure/ & noble/ adh]5ts ( ,*ri/ianity h always d\bt$ & h9d]$1 r ?an help$1 its effect 9 ! _w1 its s-call$ hi/orical p[]2 = !y 7 accu/om$ to /& outside ! _w1 & c>$ little = ! process ( ! ,*ri/ian ,idea4 ,h5ce !y h g5]ally rema9$ unkn[n to hi/ory1 & _! v names are lo/4 ,9 ,*ri/ian t]ms ! devil is ! pr9ce ( ! _w1 & ! "l ( progress & consequ5ce3 he is ! p[] beh9d all hi/orical p[]1 & s w x rema91 h[ev] ill x may s\nd to-day 9 e>s t are accu/om$ to canonise su* p[] & consequ5ce4 ,! _w has become skill$ at giv+ new names to ?+s & ev5 baptiz+ ! devil4 ,x is truly an h\r ( great dang]4 ,m5 seem to be ne> ! discov]y t ! egoism ( individuals1 gr\ps or masses has be5 at all times ! lev] ( ! hi/orical movem5ts3 & yet !y are 9 no way di/urb$ by ! discov]y1 b proclaim t egoism %all be our god4 ,) ?is new fai? 9 _! he>ts1 !y beg9 q int5tionally to build future hi/ory on egoism3 ?\gh x mu/ be a clev] egoism1 "o t all[s ( "s limitation1 t x may /& firm]2 "o t /udies hi/ory = ! purpose ( recognis+ ! fooli% k9d ( egoism4 ,_! /udy has taught !m t ! /ate has a special mission 9 all future egoi/ic sy/ems3 x w be ! patron ( all ! clev] egoisms1 to protect !m ) all ! p[] ( its milit>y & police aga9/ ! dang]\s outbreaks ( ! o!r k9d4 ,!re is ! same idea 9 introduc+ hi/ory--natural z well z human hi/ory--among ! lab\r+ classes1 ^: folly makes !m dang]\s4 ,= m5 "k well t a gra9 ( hi/orical culture is able to break d[n ! r\gh1 bl9d in/9cts & desires1 or to turn !m to ! s]vice ( a clev] egoism4 ,9 fact !y are beg9n+ to ?9k1 ) ,edw>d von ,h>tmann1 ( fix+ !mselves ) an eye to ! future 9 _! e>?ly home1 & mak+ !mselves com=table !re4 ,h>tmann calls ?is life ! manhood ( humanity ) an ironical ref]5ce to :at is n[ call$ manhood2--z if only our sob] models ( selfi%ness 7 embrac$ by x2 j z he prophesies an age ( graybe>ds foll[+ on ?is /age1--obvi\sly ano!r ironical glance at our anci5t "t-s]v]s4 ,= he speaks ( ! ripe discretion ) :i* !y view all ! /ormy passions ( _! pa/ life & und]/& ! vanity ( ! ends !y seem to h /riv5 =4 ,no1 a manhood ( crafty & hi/orically cultur$ egoism corresponds to an old age t hangs to life ) no dignity b a horrible t5acity1 :]e ! la/ sc5e ( all ,t ends ?is /range ev5tful hi/ory1 ,is second *ildi%ness & m]e oblivion1 ,sans tee?1 sans eyes1 sans ta/e1 sans ev]y?+4 ,:e!r ! dang]s ( our life & culture come f ^! dre>y1 too?less old m51 or f ! s-call$ m5 ( ,h>tmann1 we h ! "r to def5d our y\? ) too? & claw aga9/ bo? ( !m1 & nev] tire ( sav+ ! future f ^! false prophets4 ,b 9 ?is battle we %all discov] an unpleasant tru?--t m5 int5tionally help1 & enc\rage1 & use1 ! wor/ ab]rations ( ! hi/orical s5se f :i* ! pres5t "t suff]s4 ,!y use x1 h[ev]1 aga9/ y\?1 9 ord] to trans=m x into t ripe egoism ( manhood !y s long =3 !y use x to ov]come ! natural reluctance ( ! "y by its magical spl5d\r1 :i* unmans :ile x enlight5s !m4 ,yes1 we "k only too well ! k9d ( asc5d5cy hi/ory c ga92 h[ x c uproot ! /ronge/ in/9cts ( y\?1 passion1 c\rage1 unselfi%ness & love2 c cool its feel+ = ju/ice1 c cru% or repress its desire = a sl[ rip5+ by ! contr>y desire to be soon productive1 ready & useful2 & ca/ a sick d\bt ov] all hone/y & d[nrightness ( feel+4 ,x c ev5 coz5 y\? ( its faire/ privilege1 ! p[] ( plant+ a great ?\ght ) ! fulle/ confid5ce1 & lett+ x gr[ ( itself to a /ill great] ?\ght4 ,an excess ( hi/ory c d all t1 z we h se51 by no long] all[+ a man to feel & act unhi/orically3 = hi/ory is cont9ually %ift+ 8 horizon & remov+ ! atmosph]e surr\nd+ him4 ,f an inf9ite horizon he )draws into himself1 back into ! small egoi/ic circle1 :]e he mu/ become dry & )]$3 he may possibly atta9 to clev]ness1 b nev] to wisdom4 ,he lets himself be talk$ ov]1 is always calculat+ & p>ley+ ) facts4 ,he is nev] en?usia/ic1 b bl9ks 8 eyes1 & und]/&s h[ to look = 8 own pr(it or 8 p>ty's 9 ! pr(it or loss ( somebody else4 ,he unle>ns all 8 useless mode/y1 & turns little by little into ! man or ! graybe>d ( ,h>tmann4 ,& t is :at !y want him to be3 t is ! mean+ ( ! pres5t cynical dem& = ! full surr5d] ( ! p]sonality to ! _w-process--= ! sake ( 8 end1 ! r$emption ( ! _w1 z ! rogue ,e4 von ,h>tmann tells u4 ,?\gh r$emption c sc>cely be ! consci\s aim ( ^! p3 ! _w 7 bett] r$eem$ by be+ r$eem$ f ^! m5 & graybe>ds4 ,= !n w\ld come ! reign ( y\?4 ,x4 ,& 9 ?is k+dom ( y\? ,i c cry ,l&6 ,l&6 ,en\gh1 & m ?an en\gh1 ( ! wild voyage ov] d>k /range seas1 ( et]nal se>* & et]nal disappo9tm5t6 ,! coa/ is at la/ 9 sight4 ,:atev] x be1 we mu/ l& !re1 & ! wor/ hav5 is bett] ?an toss+ aga9 9 ! hopeless waves ( an inf9ite scepticism4 ,let u hold fa/ by ! l&3 we %all f9d ! good h>b\rs lat] & make ! voyage easi] = ^? :o come aft] u4 ,! voyage 0 dang]\s & excit+4 ,h[ f> are we ev5 n[ f t quiet /ate ( contemplation ) :i* we fir/ saw our %ip laun*$6 ,9 track+ out ! dang]s ( hi/ory1 we h f\nd ourselves especially expos$ to !m4 ,we c>ry on u ! m>ks ( t sorr[ :i* an excess ( hi/ory br+s 9 its tra9 to ! m5 ( ! mod]n "t4 ,& ?is pres5t treatise1 z ,i w n attempt to d5y1 %[s ! mod]n note ( a weak p]sonality 9 ! intemp]at5ess ( its criticism1 ! unrip5ess ( its humanity1 9 ! too frequ5t transitions f irony to cynicism1 f arrogance to scepticism4 ,& yet ,i tru/ 9 ! inspir+ p[] t directs my vessel in/ead ( g5ius2 ,i tru/ 9 y\?1 t has br\ght me on ! "r road 9 =c+ f me a prote/ aga9/ ! mod]n hi/orical education1 & a dem& t ! man mu/ le>n to live1 above all1 & only use hi/ory 9 ! s]vice ( ! life t he has le>n$ to live4 ,he mu/ be "y to und]/& ?is prote/2 & consid]+ ! premature grayness ( our pres5t y\?1 he c sc>cely be "y en\gh if he w\ld und]/& its reason z well4 ,an example w help me4 ,9 ,g]many1 n m ?an a c5tury ago1 a natural in/9ct = :at is call$ poetry 0 awak5$ 9 "s "y m54 ,are we to ?9k t ! g5]ations :o _h liv$ be=e t "t _h n spok5 ( ! art1 h[ev] really /range & unnatural x may h be5 to !m8 ,we "k ! contr>y2 t !y _h ?\ght1 writt51 & qu>rell$ ab\t x ) all _! might--9 words1 words1 words4 ,giv+ life to su* words did n prove ! dea? ( ! ^w-mak]s2 9 a c]ta9 s5se !y are liv+ /ill4 ,= if1 z ,gibbon says1 no?+ b "t--?\gh a long "t--is ne$$ = a _w to p]i%1 s no?+ b "t--?\gh /ill m "t--is ne$$ = a false idea to be de/roy$ 9 ,g]many1 ! ,l& ( ,little-by-little4 ,9 any ev5t1 !re are p]haps a hundr$ m5 m n[ ?an !re 7 a c5tury ago :o "k :at poetry is3 p]haps 9 ano!r c5tury !re w be a hundr$ m :o h le>n$ 9 ! meantime :at culture is1 & t ! ,g]mans h _h z yet no culture1 h[ev] pr\dly !y may talk ab\t x4 ,! g5]al satisfaction ( ! ,g]mans at _! culture w seem z fooli% & incr$ible to su* m5 z ! once laud$ classicism ( ,gotts*$1 or ! reputation ( ,raml] z ! ,g]man ,p9d>1 seem$ to u4 ,!y w p]haps ?9k ?is culture to be m]ely a k9d ( k ab\t culture1 & a false & sup]ficial k at t4 ,false & sup]ficial1 because ! ,g]mans endur$ ! contradiction betwe5 life & k1 & did n see :at 0 *>act]i/ic 9 ! culture ( really educat$ peoples1 t x c only rise & bloom f life4 ,b by ! ,g]mans x is worn l a pap] fl[]1 or spread ov] l ! ic+ on a cake2 & s mu/ rema9 a useless lie = ev]4 ,! education ( y\? 9 ,g]many />ts f ?is false & unfruitful idea ( culture4 ,its aim1 :5 fac$ squ>ely1 is n to =m ! lib]ally educat$ man1 b ! pr(essor1 ! man ( sci5ce1 :o wants to be able to make use ( 8 sci5ce z soon z possible1 & /&s on "o side 9 ord] to see life cle>ly4 ,! result1 ev5 f a ru?lessly practical po9t ( view1 is ! hi/orically & /hetically tra9$ ,phili/9e1 ! babbl] ( old saws & new wisdom on ,*ur*1 ,/ate & ,art1 ! s5sorium t receives a ?\s& impressions1 ! insatiable belly t yet kn[s n :at true hung] & ?ir/ is4 ,an education ) su* an aim & result is aga9/ nature4 ,b only he :o is n q dr[n$ 9 x c feel t2 only y\? c feel x1 because x /ill has ! in/9ct ( nature1 t is ! fir/ to be brok5 by t education4 ,b he :o w break ?r\gh t education 9 8 turn1 mu/ come to ! help ( y\? :5 call$ ^u2 mu/ let ! cle> light ( und]/&+ %9e on its unconsci\s /riv+1 & br+ x to a full1 vocal consci\sness4 ,h[ is he to atta9 su* a /range end8 ,pr9cipally by de/roy+ ! sup]/ition t ?is k9d ( education is necess>y4 ,p ?9k no?+ b ?is tr\blesome reality ( ours is possible4 ,look ?r\gh ! lit]ature ( high] education 9 s*ool & college = ! la/ t5 ye>s1 & y w be a/oni%$--& pa9$--to f9d h[ mu* alike all ! proposals ( re=m h be52 9 spite ( all ! hesitations & viol5t controv]sies surr\nd+ !m4 ,y w see h[ bl9dly !y h all adopt$ ! old idea ( ! educat$ man 79 our s5se7 be+ ! necess>y & reasonable basis ( ! sy/em4 ,! monoton\s canon runs ?us3 ! "y man mu/ beg9 ) a k ( culture1 n ev5 ) a k ( life1 /ill less ) life & ! liv+ ( x4 ,?is k ( culture is =c$ into ! "y m9d 9 ! =m ( hi/orical k2 :i* means t 8 head is fill$ ) an enorm\s mass ( ideas1 tak5 second-h& f pa/ times & peoples1 n f imm$iate contact ) life4 ,he desires to exp]i5ce some?+ = himself1 & feel a close-knit1 liv+ sy/em ( exp]i5ces gr[+ )9 himself4 ,b 8 desire is dr[n$ & dizzi$ 9 ! sea ( %ams1 z if x 7 possible to sum up 9 a few ye>s ! highe/ & notable/ exp]i5ces ( anci5t times1 & ! greate/ times too4 ,x is ! same mad me?od t c>ries our "y arti/s (f to picture-gall]ies1 in/ead ( ! /udio ( a ma/]1 & above all ! "o /udio ( ! only ma/]1 ,nature4 ,z if "o c\ld discov] by a ha/y ru% ?r\gh hi/ory ! ideas & te*nique ( pa/ times1 & _! individual outlook on life6 ,= life itself is a k9d ( h&icraft t mu/ be le>n$ ?or\ghly & indu/ri\sly1 & dilig5tly practis$1 if we are n to h m]e bot*]s & babbl]s z ! issue ( x all6 ,plato ?\ght x necess>y = ! fir/ g5]ation ( 8 new society 79 ! p]fect /ate7 to be br\ght up ) ! help ( a mighty lie4 ,! *ildr5 7 to be taught to believe t !y _h all la9 dream+ = a long "t "u ! e>?1 :]e !y _h be5 m\ld$ & =m$ by ! ma/]-h& ( ,nature4 ,x 0 impossible to g aga9/ ! pa/1 & "w aga9/ ! "w ( gods6 ,& s x _h to be an unbreakable law ( nature1 t he :o is born to be a philosoph] has gold 9 8 body1 ! fight] has only silv]1 & ! workman iron & bronze4 ,z x is n possible to bl5d ^! metals1 accord+ to ,plato1 s !re c\ld nev] be any confusion betwe5 ! classes3 ! belief 9 ! t]na v]itas ( ?is arrangem5t 0 ! basis ( ! new education & ! new /ate4 ,s ! mod]n ,g]man believes also 9 ! t]na v]itas ( 8 education1 ( 8 k9d ( culture3 & yet ?is belief w fail--z ! ,platonic /ate w\ld h fail$--if ! mighty ,g]man lie be ev] oppos$ by ! tru?1 t ! ,g]man has no culture because he _c build "o on ! basis ( 8 education4 ,he wi%es = ! fl[] )\t ! root or ! /alk2 & s he wi%es 9 va94 ,t is ! simple tru?1 a rude & unpleasant tru?1 b yet a mighty "o4 ,b our fir/ g5]ation mu/ be br\ght up 9 ?is mighty tru?1 & mu/ suff] f x too2 = x mu/ educate itself ?r\gh x1 ev5 aga9/ its own nature1 to atta9 a new nature & mann] ( life1 :i* %all yet proce$ f ! old4 ,s x might say to itself1 9 ! old ,spani% phrase1 ,defi5da me ,dios de my1 ,god keep me f myself1 f ! "*1 t is1 :i* has be5 put into me4 ,x mu/ ta/e t tru? drop by drop1 l a bitt]1 p[]ful m$ic9e4 ,& e man 9 ?is g5]ation mu/ subdue himself to pass ! judgm5t on 8 own nature1 :i* he might pass m easily on 8 :ole "t3--,we are )\t in/ruction1 nay1 we are too corrupt to live1 to see & he> truly & simply1 to und]/& :at is ne> & natural to u4 ,we h n yet laid ev5 ! f\ndations ( culture1 = we are n ourselves conv9c$ t we h a s9c]e life 9 u4 ,we crumble & fall asund]1 our :ole be+ is divid$1 half me*anically1 into an inn] & out] side2 we are s[n ) ideas z ) dragon's tee?1 & br+ =? a new dragon-brood ( !m2 we suff] f ! malady ( words1 & h no tru/ 9 any feel+ t is n /amp$ ) its special ^w4 ,& be+ su* a dead fabric ( words & ideas1 t yet has an uncanny movem5t 9 x1 ,i h /ill p]haps ! "r to say cogito ergo sum1 ?\gh n vivo ergo cogito4 ,i am p]mitt$ ! empty esse1 n ! full gre5 viv]e4 ,a prim>y feel+ tells me t ,i am a ?9k+ be+ b n a liv+ "o1 t ,i am no animal1 b at mo/ a cogital4 ,give me life1 & ,i w soon make y a culture out ( x--w be ! cry ( e man 9 ?is new g5]ation1 & !y w all "k ea* o!r by ?is cry4 ,b :o w give !m ?is life8 ,no god & no man w give x--only _! own y\?4 ,set ?is free1 & y w set life free z well4 ,= x only lay conceal$1 9 a prison2 x is n yet )]$ or dead--ask y\r own selves6 ,b x is sick1 ?is life t is set free1 & mu/ be heal$4 ,x suff]s f _m diseases1 & n only f ! memory ( its *a9s4 ,x suff]s f ! malady :i* ,i h spok5 (1 ! malady ( hi/ory4 ,excess ( hi/ory has attack$ ! pla/ic p[] ( life1 t no m und]/&s h[ to use ! pa/ z a means ( /r5g? & n\ri%m5t4 ,x is a fe>ful disease1 & yet1 if y\? _h n a natural gift = cle> vision1 no "o w\ld see t x is a disease1 & t a p>adise ( heal? has be5 lo/4 ,b ! same y\?1 ) t same natural in/9ct ( heal?1 has guess$ h[ ! p>adise c be rega9$4 ,x kn[s ! magic h]bs & simples = ! malady ( hi/ory1 & ! excess ( x4 ,& :at are !y call$8 ,x is no m>vel t !y be> ! names ( poisons3--! antidotes to hi/ory are ! unhi/orical & ! sup]-hi/orical4 ,) ^! names we return to ! beg9n+ ( our inquiry & draw ne> to its f9al close4 ,by ! ^w unhi/orical ,i mean ! p[]1 ! art ( =gett+1 & ( draw+ a limit$ horizon r\nd "o's self4 ,i call ! p[] sup]-hi/orical :i* turns ! eyes f ! process ( becom+ to t :i* gives exi/5ce an et]nal & /able "*1 to art & religion4 ,sci5ce--= x is sci5ce t makes u speak ( poisons--sees 9 ^! p[]s contr>y p[]s3 = x consid]s only t view ( ?+s to be true & "r1 & !re=e sci5tific1 :i* reg>ds some?+ z f9i%$ & hi/orical1 n z cont9u+ & et]nal4 ,?us x lives 9 a deep antagonism t[>ds ! p[]s t make = et]nity--art & religion1--= x hates ! =getfulness t is ! dea? ( k1 & tries to remove all limitation ( horizon & ca/ m5 into an inf9ite b\ndless sea1 ^: waves are bright ) ! cle> k--( becom+6 ,if !y c\ld only live !re96 ,j z t[ns are %ak5 by an avalan*e & become desolate1 & man builds 8 h\se !re 9 fe> & = a season only2 s life is brok5 9 sund] & becomes weak & spiritless1 if ! avalan*e ( ideas />t$ by sci5ce take f man ! f\ndation ( 8 re/ & security1 ! belief 9 :at is /able & et]nal4 ,mu/ life dom9ate k1 or k life8 ,:i* ( ! two is ! high]1 & decisive p[]8 ,!re is no room = d\bt3 life is ! high]1 & ! dom9at+ p[]1 = ! k t annihilat$ life w\ld be itself annihilat$ too4 ,k presupposes life1 & has ! same int]e/ 9 ma9ta9+ x t e creature has 9 its own pres]vation4 ,sci5ce ne$s v c>eful wat*+3 !re is a hygi5e ( life ne> ! volumes ( sci5ce1 & "o ( its s5t5ces runs ?us3--,! unhi/orical & ! sup]-hi/orical are ! natural antidotes aga9/ ! ov]p[]+ ( life by hi/ory2 !y are ! cures = ! hi/orical disease4 ,we :o are sick ( ! disease may suff] a little f ! antidote4 ,b ?is is no pro( t ! treatm5t we h *os5 is wrong4 ,& "h ,i see ! mission ( ! y\? t =ms ! fir/ g5]ation ( fight]s & dragon-slay]s3 x w br+ a m beautiful & bless$ humanity & culture1 b w h itself no m ?an a glimpse ( ! promis$ l& ( happ9ess & wondr\s beauty4 ,?is y\? w suff] bo? f ! malady & its antidotes3 & yet x believes 9 /r5g? & heal? & boa/s a nature clos] to ! great ,nature ?an its =ebe>s1 ! cultur$ m5 & graybe>ds ( ! pres5t4 ,b its mission is to %ake to _! f\ndations ! pres5t conceptions ( heal? & culture1 & erect hatr$ & scorn 9 ! place ( ?is rococo mass ( ideas4 ,& ! cle>e/ sign ( its own /r5g? & heal? is j ! fact t x c use no idea1 no p>ty-cry f ! pres5t-day m9t ( words & ideas to symbolise its own exi/5ce3 b only claims conviction f ! p[] 9 x t acts & fights1 breaks up & de/roys2 & f an ev] height5$ feel+ ( life :5 ! h\r /rikes4 ,y may d5y ?is y\? any culture--b h[ w\ld y\? c\nt t a reproa*8 ,y may speak ( its rawness & intemp]at5ess--b x is n yet old & wise en\gh to be acquiesc5t4 ,x ne$ n pret5d to a ready-made culture at all2 b enjoys all ! rights--& ! consolations--( y\?1 especially ! "r ( brave un?9k+ hone/y & ! consolation ( an inspir+ hope4 ,i "k t su* hopeful be+s und]/& all ^! truisms f )91 & c translate !m into a doctr9e = _! own use1 ?r\gh _! p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,to ! o!rs !re w appe>1 9 ! meantime1 no?+ b a r[ ( cov]$ di%es1 t may p]haps seem empty3 until !y see "o day ) a/oni%$ eyes t ! di%es are full1 & t all ideas & impulses & passions are mass$ toge!r 9 ^! truisms t _c lie cov]$ = long4 ,i leave ^? d\bt+ ones to "t1 t br+s all ?+s to light2 & turn at la/ to t great company ( hope1 to tell !m ! way & ! c\rse ( _! salvation1 _! rescue f ! disease ( hi/ory1 & _! own hi/ory z well1 9 a p>able2 :]eby !y may aga9 become heal?y en\gh to /udy hi/ory anew1 & "u ! guidance ( life make use ( ! pa/ 9 t ?reefold way--monum5tal1 antiqu>ian1 or critical4 ,at fir/ !y w be m ignorant ?an ! educat$ m5 ( ! pres5t3 = !y w h unle>nt mu* & h lo/ any desire ev5 to discov] :at ^? educat$ m5 especially wi% to "k3 9 fact1 _! *ief m>k f ! educat$ po9t ( view w be j _! want ( sci5ce2 _! indiff]5ce & inaccessibility to all ! good & fam\s ?+s4 ,b at ! end ( ! cure1 !y are m5 aga9 & h ceas$ to be m]e %ad[s ( humanity4 ,t is some?+2 !re is yet hope1 & d n ye :o hope laugh 9 y\r he>ts8 ,h[ c we rea* t end8 y w ask4 ,! ,delphian god cries 8 oracle to y at ! beg9n+ ( y\r w&]+s1 ,"k ?yself4 ,x is a h>d say+3 = t god tells no?+ & conceals no?+ b m]ely po9ts ! way1 z ,h]aclitus said4 ,b :i!r does he po9t8 ,9 c]ta9 epo*s ! ,greeks 7 9 a simil> dang] ( be+ ov]:elm$ by :at 0 pa/ & =eign1 & p]i%+ on ! rock ( hi/ory4 ,!y nev] liv$ pr\d & unt\*$4 ,_! culture 0 = a long "t a *aos ( =eign =ms & ideas1--,semitic1 ,babylonian1 ,lydian & ,egyptian1--& _! religion a battle ( all ! gods ( ! ,ea/2 j z ,g]man culture & religion is at pres5t a dea?-/ruggle ( all =eign nations & bygone times4 ,& yet1 ,hell5ic culture 0 no m]e me*anical unity1 ?anks to t ,delphic oracle4 ,! ,greeks gradually le>n$ to organise ! *aos1 by tak+ ,apollo's advice & ?9k+ back to !mselves1 to _! own true necessities1 & lett+ all ! %am necessities g4 ,?us !y aga9 came into possession ( !mselves1 & did n rema9 long ! ,epigoni ( ! :ole ,ea/1 burd5$ ) _! inh]itance4 ,aft] t h>d fight1 !y increas$ & enri*$ ! treasure !y _h inh]it$ by _! ob$i5ce to ! oracle1 & !y became ! ance/ors & models = all ! cultur$ nations ( ! future4 ,?is is a p>able = ea* "o ( u3 he mu/ organise ! *aos 9 himself by ?9k+ himself back to 8 true ne$s4 ,he w want all 8 hone/y1 all ! /urd9ess & s9c]ity 9 8 "* to help him to revolt aga9/ second-h& ?\ght1 second-h& le>n+1 second-h& action4 ,& he w beg9 !n to und]/& t culture c be some?+ m ?an a decoration ( life--a concealm5t & disfigur+ ( x1 9 o!r words2 = all adornm5t hides :at is adorn$4 ,& ?us ! ,greek idea1 z aga9/ ! ,roman1 w be discov]$ 9 him1 ! idea ( culture z a new & f9] nature1 )\t di/9ction ( inn] & out]1 )\t conv5tion or disguise1 z a unity ( ?\ght & w1 life & appe>ance4 ,he w le>n too1 f 8 own exp]i5ce1 t x 0 by a great] =ce ( moral "* t ! ,greeks 7 victori\s1 & t ev]y?+ :i* makes = s9c]ity is a fur!r /ep t[>ds true culture1 h[ev] ?is s9c]ity may h>m ! ideals ( education t are rev]5c$ at ! "t1 or ev5 h p[] to %att] a :ole sy/em ( m]ely decorative culture4 ,,s*op5hau] ,,z ,,educator4 ,i4 ,:5 ! travell]1 :o _h se5 _m c\ntries & nations & cont95ts1 0 ask$ :at common attribute he _h f\nd ev]y:]e exi/+ among m51 he answ]$1 ,!y h a t5d5cy to slo?4 ,_m may ?9k t ! full] tru? w\ld h be51 ,!y are all timid4 ,!y hide !mselves beh9d mann]s & op9ions4 ,at bottom e man kn[s well en\gh t he is a unique be+1 only once on ?is e>?2 & by no extraord9>y *ance w su* a m>vell\sly picturesque piece ( div]sity 9 unity z he is1 ev] be put toge!r a second "t4 ,he kn[s ?is1 b hides x l an evil consci5ce2--& :y8 ,f fe> ( 8 neighb\r1 :o looks = ! late/ conv5tionalities 9 him1 & is wrapp$ up 9 !m himself4 ,b :at is x t =ces ! man to fe> 8 neighb\r1 to ?9k & act ) 8 h]d1 & n seek 8 own joy8 ,%yness p]haps1 9 a few r>e cases1 b 9 ! majority x is idl5ess1 ! tak+ ?+s easily1 9 a ^w ! t5d5cy to slo?1 ( :i* ! travell] spoke4 ,he 0 "r2 m5 are m slo?ful ?an timid1 & _! greate/ fe> is ( ! burd5s t an uncompromis+ hone/y & nak$ness ( spee* & action w\ld lay on !m4 ,x is only ! arti/s :o hate ?is lazy w&]+ 9 borr[$ mann]s & ill-fitt+ op9ions1 & discov] ! secret ( ! evil consci5ce1 ! tru? t ea* human be+ is a unique m>vel4 ,!y %[ u1 h[ 9 e little movem5t ( 8 muscles ! man is an individual self1 & fur!r--z an analytical d$uction f 8 individuality-- a beautiful & int]e/+ object1 a new & incr$ible ph5om5on 7z is e "w ( nature71 t c nev] become t$i\s4 ,if ! great ?9k] despise mank9d1 x is = _! laz9ess2 !y seem m]e indiff]5t bits ( pott]y1 n wor? any comm]ce or improvem5t4 ,! man :o w n belong to ! g5]al mass1 has only to /op tak+ himself easily2 to foll[ 8 consci5ce1 :i* cries out to him1 ,be ?yself6 all t ?\ doe/ & ?9ke/ & desire/1 is n--?yself6 ,e y\?ful s\l he>s ?is cry day & night1 & quiv]s to he> x3 = %e div9es ! sum ( happ9ess t has be5 f et]nity de/9$ = h]1 if %e ?9k ( h] true deliv]ance2 & t[>ds ?is happ9ess %e c 9 no wise be help$1 s long z %e lies 9 ! *a9s ( ,op9ion & ( ,fe>4 ,& h[ com=tless & unmean+ may life become )\t ?is deliv]ance6 ,!re is no m desolate or ,i%maeliti% creature 9 nature ?an ! man :o has brok5 away f 8 true g5ius1 & does no?+ b pe] aimlessly ab\t him4 ,!re is no reason to attack su* a man at all1 = he is a m]e husk )\t a k]nel1 a pa9t$ clo?1 tatt]$ & sagg+1 a sc>ecr[ gho/1 t c r\se no fe>1 & c]ta9ly no pity4 ,& ?\gh "o be "r 9 say+ ( a slugg>d t he is kill+ "t1 yet 9 respect ( an age t re/s its salvation on public op9ion1--t is1 on private laz9ess1--"o mu/ be q det]m9$ t su* a "t %all be kill$1 once & = all3 ,i mean t x %all be blott$ f life's true ,hi/ory ( ,lib]ty4 ,lat] g5]ations w be greatly disgu/$1 :5 !y come to treat ! movem5ts ( a p]iod 9 :i* no liv+ m5 rul$1 b %ad[-m5 on ! scre5 ( public op9ion2 & to "s f> po/]ity our age may well be ! d>ke/ *apt] ( hi/ory1 ! mo/ unkn[n because ! lea/ human4 ,i h walk$ ?r\gh ! new /reets ( our cities1 & ?\ght h[ ( all ! dreadful h\ses t ^! g5tlem5 ) _! public op9ion h built = !mselves1 n a /one w rema9 9 a hundr$ ye>s1 & t ! op9ions ( ^! busy masons may well h fall5 ) !m4 ,b h[ full ( hope %\ld !y all be :o feel t !y are no citiz5s ( ?is age6 ,if !y 71 !y w\ld h to help on ! "w ( kill+ _! "t1 & ( p]i%+ ) x1--:5 !y wi% r to quick5 ! "t to life1 & 9 t life !mselves to live4 ,b ev5 if ! future leave u no?+ to hope =1 ! wond]ful fact ( our exi/+ at ?is pres5t mom5t ( "t gives u ! greate/ enc\ragem5t to live aft] our own rule & measure2 s inexplicable is x1 t we %\ld be liv+ j to-day1 ?\gh !re h be5 an inf9ity ( "t :]e9 we might h aris52 t we own no?+ b a span's l5g? ( x1 ?is to-day1 & mu/ %[ 9 x :]e=e & :]eunto we h aris54 ,we h to answ] = our exi/5ce to ourselves2 & w !re=e be our own true pilots1 & n admit t our be+ resembles a bl9d =tuity4 ,"o mu/ take a r impud5t & reckless way ) ! riddle2 especially z ! key is apt to be lo/1 h[ev] ?+s turn out4 ,:y cl+ to y\r bit ( e>?1 or y\r little bus9ess1 or li/5 to :at y\r neighb\r says8 ,x is s prov9cial to b9d oneself to views :i* are no long] b9d+ a c\ple ( hundr$ miles away4 ,ea/ & ,we/ are signs t somebody *alks up 9 front ( u to fool su* c[>ds z we are4 ,i w make ! attempt to ga9 fre$om1 says ! y\?ful s\l2 & w be h9d]$1 j because two nations happ5 to hate ea* o!r & g to w>1 or because !re is a sea betwe5 two p>ts ( ! e>?1 or a religion is taught 9 ! vic9ity1 :i* did n exi/ two ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,& ?is is n--?yself1 ! s\l says4 ,no "o c build !e ! bridge1 ov] :i* ?\ mu/ cross ! riv] ( life1 save ?yself alone4 ,!re are pa?s & bridges & demi-gods )\t numb]1 t w gladly c>ry !e ov]1 b only at ! price ( ?9e own self3 ?y self w\ld/ ?\ h to give 9 pawn1 & !n lose x4 ,!re is 9 ! _w "o road :]eon none may g1 except ?\3 ask n :i!r x lead1 b g =w>d4 ,:o 0 x t spake t true ^w--',a man has nev] ris5 high] ?an :5 he kn[e? n :i!r 8 road may yet lead him'8 ,b h[ c we f9d ourselves aga91 & h[ c man "k himself8 ,he is a ?+ obscure & veil$3 if ! h>e h sev5 sk9s1 man c ca/ f him sev5ty times sev51 & yet w n be able to say ,"h art ?\ 9 v tru?2 ?is is out] %ell no m4 ,also ?is digg+ into "o's self1 ?is /raight1 viol5t desc5t into ! pit ( "o's be+1 is a tr\blesome & dang]\s bus9ess to />t4 ,a man may easily take su* hurt1 t no physician c heal him4 ,& aga91 :at 7 ! use1 s9ce ev]y?+ be>s witness to our ess5ce1--our fri5d%ips & enmities1 our looks & greet+s1 our memories & =getfulnesses1 our books & our writ+6 ,?is is ! mo/ effective way3--to let ! y\?ful s\l look back on life ) ! "q1 ,:at ha/ ?\ up to n[ truly lov$1 :at has drawn ?y s\l upw>d1 ma/]$ x & bless$ x too8 ,set up ^! ?+s t ?\ ha/ hon\r$ be=e !e1 &1 maybe1 !y w %[ !e1 9 _! be+ & _! ord]1 a law :i* is ! fundam5tal law ( ?9e own self4 ,comp>e ^! objects1 consid] h[ "o completes & broad5s & transc5ds & expla9s ano!r1 h[ !y =m a ladd] on :i* ?\ ha/ all ! "t be5 climb+ to ?y self3 = ?y true be+ lies n deeply hidd5 9 !e1 b an inf9ite height above !e1 or at lea/ above t :i* ?\ do/ commonly take to be ?yself4 ,! true educators & m\ld]s reveal to !e ! real gr\ndwork & import ( ?y be+1 some?+ t 9 itself _c be m\ld$ or educat$1 b is anyh[ difficult ( approa*1 b\nd & crippl$3 ?y educators c be no?+ b ?y deliv]]s4 ,& t is ! secret ( all culture3 x does n give artificial limbs1 wax noses1 or spectacles = ! eyes--a ?+ t c\ld buy su* gifts is b ! base co9 ( education4 ,b x is r a lib]ation1 a removal ( all ! we$s & rubbi% & v]m9 t attack ! delicate %oots1 ! /ream+ =? ( light & w>m?1 ! t5d] dropp+ ( ! night ra92 x is ! foll[+ & ! ador+ ( ,nature :5 %e is pitifully-m9d$ z a "m2--h] completion1 :5 x b5ds be=e h] fi]ce & ru?less bla/s & turns !m to good1 & draws a veil ov] all expression ( h] tragic unreason--= %e is a /ep-"m too1 sometimes4 ,!re are o!r means ( f9d+ ourselves1 ( com+ to ourselves out ( ! confusion :]e9 we all w&] z 9 a dre>y cl\d2 b ,i "k none bett] ?an to ?9k on our educators4 ,s ,i w to-day take z my !me ! h>d tea*] ,ar?ur ,s*op5hau]1 & speak ( o!rs lat]4 ,,ii4 ,9 ord] to describe prop]ly :at an ev5t my fir/ look into ,s*op5hau]'s writ+s 0 = me1 ,i mu/ dwell = a m9ute on an idea1 t recurr$ m con/antly 9 my y\?1 & t\*$ me m ne>ly1 ?an any o!r4 ,i w&]$ !n z ,i pleas$ 9 a _w ( wi%es1 & ?\ght t de/9y w\ld relieve me ( ! dreadful & we>isome duty ( educat+ myself3 "s philosoph] w\ld come at ! "r mom5t to d x = me1--"s true philosoph]1 :o c\ld be obey$ )\t fur!r "q1 z he w\ld be tru/$ m ?an "o's self4 ,!n ,i said )9 me3 ,:at w\ld be ! pr9ciples1 on :i* he might tea* !e8 ,& ,i pond]$ 9 my m9d :at he w\ld say to ! two maxims ( education t hold ! field 9 our "t4 ,! fir/ dem&s t ! tea*] %\ld f9d out at once ! /rong po9t 9 8 pupil1 & !n direct all 8 skill & w1 all ! moi/ure & all ! sun%9e1 to br+ ! fruit ( t s+le virtue to maturity4 ,! second requires him to raise to a high] p[] all ! qualities t already exi/1 *]i% !m & br+ !m into a h>moni\s relation4 ,b1 we may ask1 %\ld "o :o has a decid$ tal5t = work+ 9 gold be made = t reason to le>n music8 ,& c we admit t ,b5v5uto ,cell9i's fa!r 0 "r 9 cont9ually =c+ him back to ! de> little horn--! curs$ pip+1 z 8 son call$ x8 ,we _c ?9k s 9 ! case ( su* a /rong & cle>ly m>k$ tal5t z 81 & x may well be t ?is maxim ( h>moni\s developm5t applies only to weak] natures1 9 :i* !re is a :ole sw>m ( desires & incl9ations1 ?\gh !y may n am\nt to v mu*1 s+ly or toge!r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :]e d we f9d su* a bl5d+ ( h>moni\s voices--nay1 ! s\l ( h>mony itself--z we see 9 natures l ,cell9i's1 :]e ev]y?+--k1 desire1 love & hate--t5ds t[>ds a s+le po9t1 ! root ( all1 & a h>moni\s sy/em1 ! resultant ( ! v>i\s =ces1 is built up ?r\gh ! irresi/ible dom9ation ( ?is vital c5tre8 ,& s p]haps ! two maxims are n contr>y at all2 ! "o m]ely say+ t man mu/ h a c5tre1 ! o!r1 a circumf]5ce z well4 ,! philosophic tea*] ( my dream w\ld n only discov] ! c5tral =ce1 b w\ld "k h[ to prev5t its be+ de/ructive ( ! o!r p[]s3 8 task1 ,i ?\ght1 w\ld be ! weld+ ( ! :ole man into a sol> sy/em ) life & movem5t1 & ! discov]y ( its p>aphysical laws4 ,9 ! meantime ,i c\ld n f9d my philosoph]1 h[ev] ,i tri$2 ,i saw h[ badly we mod]ns comp>e ) ! ,greeks & ,romans1 ev5 9 ! s]i\s /udy ( educational problems4 ,y c g ?r\gh all ,g]many1 & especially all ! univ]sities1 ) ?is ne$ 9 y\r he>t1 & w n f9d :at y seek2 _m humbl] wi%es ?an t are /ill unfulfill$ !re4 ,= example1 if a ,g]man s]i\sly wi% to make himself an orator1 or to ent] a s*ool = au?ors1 he w f9d nei!r ma/] nor s*ool3 no "o yet seems to h ?\ght t speak+ & writ+ are arts :i* _c be le>nt )\t ! mo/ c>eful me?od & untir+ application4 ,b1 to _! %ame1 no?+ %[s m cle>ly ! insol5t self-satisfaction ( our p ?an ! lack ( dem& = educators2 x comes p>tly f meanness1 p>tly f want ( ?\ght4 ,any?+ w d z a s-call$ family tutor1 ev5 among our mo/ em95t & cultur$ p2 & :at a m5ag]ie ( crazy heads & m\ldy devices mo/ly g to make up ! belaud$ ,gymnasium6 ,& consid] :at we are satisfi$ ) 9 our f9i%+ s*ools1--our univ]sities4 ,look at our pr(essors & _! in/itutions6 ,& comp>e ! difficulty ( ! task ( educat+ a man to be a man6 ,above all1 ! wond]ful way 9 :i* ! ,g]man savants fall to _! di% ( k1 %[s t !y are ?9k+ m ( ,sci5ce ?an mank9d2 & !y are tra9$ to lead a =lorn hope 9 h] s]vice1 9 ord] to enc\rage ev] new g5]ations to ! same sacrifice4 ,if _! traffic ) k be n limit$ & controll$ by any m g5]al pr9ciples ( education1 b all[$ to run on indef9itely1--! m ! bett]1--x is z h>mful to le>n+ z ! economic !ory ( laiss] faire to common morality4 ,no "o recognises n[ t ! education ( ! pr(essors is an exce$+ly difficult problem1 if _! humanity is n to be sacrific$ or %rivell$ up3--?is difficulty c be actually se5 9 c\ntless examples ( natures w>p$ & twi/$ by _! reckless & premature devotion to sci5ce4 ,!re is a /ill m important te/imony to ! complete abs5ce ( high] education1 po9t+ to a great] & m univ]sal dang]4 ,x is cle> at once :y an orator or writ] _c n[ be educat$1--because !re are no tea*]s2 & :y a savant mu/ be a di/ort$ & p]v]t$ ?+1--because he w h be5 tra9$ by ! inhuman ab/raction1 sci5ce4 ,?is be+ s1 let a man ask himself3 ,:]e are n[ ! types ( moral excell5ce & fame = all our g5]ation--le>n$ & unle>n$1 high & l[--! visible ab/ract ( con/ructive e?ics = ?is age8 ,:]e has vani%$ all ! reflection on moral que/ions t has occupi$ e great develop$ society at all epo*s8 ,!re is no fame = t n[1 & !re are none to reflect3 we are really draw+ on ! inh]it$ moral capital :i* our pr$ecessors accumulat$ = u1 & :i* we d n "k h[ to increase1 b only to squ&]4 ,su* ?+s are ei!r n m5tion$ 9 our society1 or1 if at all1 ) a nave want ( p]sonal exp]i5ce t makes "o disgu/$4 ,x comes to ?is1 t our s*ools & pr(essors simply turn aside f any moral in/ruction or cont5t !mselves ) =mul2 virtue is a ^w & no?+ m1 on bo? sides1 an old-fa%ion$ ^w t !y laugh at--& x is worse :5 !y d n laugh1 = !n !y are hypocrites4 ,an explanation ( ?is fa9t-he>t$ness & ebb+ ( all moral /r5g? w\ld be difficult & complex3 b :oev] is consid]+ ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity 9 its h\r ( victory on ! morality ( ! m$ival _w1 mu/ n =get t x reacts also 9 its defeat1 :i* is app>5tly its position to-day4 ,by its l(ty ideal1 ,*ri/ianity has outbidd5 ! anci5t ,sy/ems ( ,e?ics & _! inv>iable naturalism1 ) :i* m5 came to feel a dull disgu/3 & aft]w>ds :5 !y did rea* ! k ( :at 0 bett] & high]1 !y f\nd !y _h no long] ! p[]1 = all _! desire1 to return to its embodim5t 9 ! antique virtues4 ,& s ! life ( ! mod]n man is pass$ 9 see-saw+ betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism1 betwe5 a furtive or hypocritical approa* to ,*ri/ian morality1 & an equally %y & spiritless dally+ ) ! antique3 & he does n ?rive "u x4 ,8 inh]it$ fe> ( naturalism1 & its m rec5t attraction = him1 8 desire to come to re/ some:]e1 :ile 9 ! impot5ce ( 8 intellect he sw+s backw>ds & =w>ds betwe5 ! good & ! bett] c\rse--all ?is argues an in/ability 9 ! mod]n m9d t condemns x to be )\t joy or fruit4 ,nev] 7 moral tea*]s m necess>y & nev] 7 !y m unlikely to be f\nd3 physicians are mo/ 9 dang] !mselves 9 times :5 !y are mo/ ne$$ & _m m5 are sick4 ,= :]e are our mod]n physicians :o are /rong & sure-foot$ en\gh to hold up ano!r or lead him by ! h&8 ,!re lies a c]ta9 heavy gloom on ! be/ m5 ( our "t1 an et]nal loa?+ = ! battle t is f\ght 9 _! he>ts betwe5 hone/y & lies1 a wav]+ ( tru/ 9 !mselves1 :i* makes !m q incapable ( %[+ to o!rs ! way !y mu/ g4 ,s ,i 0 "r 9 speak+ ( my w&]+ 9 a _w ( wi%es :5 ,i dreamt ( f9d+ a true philosoph] :o c\ld lift me f ! sl\gh ( insuffici5cy1 & tea* me aga9 simply & hone/ly to be 9 my ?\ghts & life1 9 ! deepe/ s5se ( ! ^w1 out ( season2 simply & hone/ly--= m5 h n[ become su* complicat$ ma*9es t !y mu/ be di%one/1 if !y speak at all1 or wi% to act on _! words4 ,) su* ne$s & desires )9 me did ,i come to "k ,s*op5hau]4 ,i belong to ^? read]s ( ,s*op5hau] :o "k p]fectly well1 aft] !y h turn$ ! fir/ page1 t !y w read all ! o!rs1 & li/5 to e ^w t he has spok54 ,my tru/ 9 him sprang to life at once1 & has be5 ! same = n9e ye>s4 ,i und]/ood him z ?\gh he _h writt5 = me 7?is is ! mo/ intelligible1 ?\gh a r fooli% & conceit$ way ( express+ x74 ,h5ce ,i nev] f\nd a p>adox 9 him1 ?\gh occasionally "s small errors3 = p>adoxes are only ass]tions t c>ry no conviction1 because ! au?or has made !m himself )\t any conviction1 wi%+ to appe> brilliant1 or to mislead1 or1 above all1 to pose4 ,s*op5hau] nev] poses3 he writes = himself1 & no "o likes to be deceiv$--lea/ ( all a philosoph] :o has set ?is up z 8 law3 deceive nobody1 n ev5 ?yself1 nei!r ) ! :ite lies ( all social int]c\rse1 :i* writ]s almo/ unconsci\sly imitate1 /ill less ) ! m consci\s deceits ( ! plat=m1 & ! artificial me?ods ( rhetoric4 ,s*op5hau]'s spee*es are to himself alone2 or if y l to imag9e an auditor1 let x be a son :om ! fa!r is in/ruct+4 ,x is a r\gh1 hone/1 good-hum\r$ talk to "o :o he>s & loves4 ,su* writ]s are r>e4 ,8 /r5g? & sanity surr\nd u at ! fir/ s\nd ( 8 voice3 x is l ent]+ ! heights ( ! =e/1 :]e we brea! deep & are well aga94 ,we feel a brac+ air ev]y:]e1 a c]ta9 c&\r & naturalness ( 8 own1 t belongs to m5 :o are at home ) !mselves1 & ma/]s ( a v ri* home inde$3 he is q diff]5t f ! writ]s :o are surpris$ at !mselves if !y h said some?+ intellig5t1 & ^: pron\ncem5ts = t reason h some?+ n]v\s & unnatural ab\t !m4 ,we are j z little rem9d$ 9 ,s*op5hau] ( ! pr(essor ) 8 /iff jo9ts worse = want ( ex]cise1 8 n>r[ *e/ & scraggy figure1 8 sl9k+ or /rutt+ gait4 ,& aga9 8 r\gh & r grim s\l leads u n s mu* to miss z to despise ! suppl5ess & c\rtly grace ( ! excell5t ,fr5*m52 & no "o w f9d 9 him ! gild$ imitations ( pseudo-gallicism t our ,g]man writ]s prize s highly4 ,8 /yle 9 places rem9ds me a little ( ,goe!1 b is n o!rwise on any ,g]man model4 ,= he kn[s h[ to be pr(\nd ) simplicity1 /rik+ )\t rhetoric1 & sev]ely logical )\t p$antry3 & ( :at ,g]man c\ld he h le>nt t8 ,he also keeps free f ! hair-splitt+1 j]ky & 7) all respect7 r un-,g]man mann] ( ,less+3 no small m]it 9 him1 = ,less+ is ! mo/ tempt+ ( all models = prose /yle4 ,! highe/ praise ,i c give 8 mann] ( pres5tation is to apply 8 own phrase to himself3--,a philosoph] mu/ be v hone/ to avail himself ( no aid f poetry or rhetoric4 ,t hone/y is some?+1 & ev5 a virtue1 is "o ( ^? private op9ions :i* are =bidd5 9 ?is age ( public op9ion2 & s ,i %all n be prais+ ,s*op5hau]1 b only giv+ him a di/+ui%+ m>k1 :5 ,i repeat t he is hone/1 ev5 z a writ]2 s few ( !m are1 t we are apt to mi/ru/ e "o :o writes at all4 ,i only "k a s+le au?or t ,i c rank ) ,s*op5hau]1 or ev5 above him1 9 ! matt] ( hone/y2 & t is ,montaigne4 ,! joy ( liv+ on ?is e>? is increas$ by ! exi/5ce ( su* a man4 ,! effect on myself1 at any rate1 s9ce my fir/ acqua9tance ) t /rong & ma/]ful _s1 has be51 t ,i c say ( him z he ( ,plut>*--,z soon z ,i op5 him1 ,i seem to gr[ a pair ( w+s4 ,if ,i _h ! task ( mak+ myself at home on ! e>?1 ,i w\ld *oose him z my companion4 ,s*op5hau] has a second *>act]i/ic 9 common ) ,montaigne1 besides hone/y2 a joy t really makes o!rs joyful4 ,aliis ltus1 sibi sapi5s4 ,!re are two v diff]5t k9ds ( joyfulness4 ,! true ?9k] always communicates joy & life1 :e!r he is %[+ 8 s]i\s or comic side1 8 human insight or 8 godlike =be>ance3 )\t surly looks or trembl+ h&s or wat]y eyes1 b simply & truly1 ) fe>lessness & /r5g?1 a little cavali]ly p]haps1 & /]nly1 b always z a conqu]or3 & x is ?is t br+s ! deepe/ & int5se/ joy1 to see ! conqu]+ god ) all ! mon/]s t he has f\ght4 ,b ! joyfulness "o f9ds "h & !re 9 ! m$iocre writ]s & limit$ ?9k]s makes "s ( u mis]able2 ,i felt ?is1 = example1 ) ! joyfulness ( ,david ,/rauss4 ,we are g5]ally a%am$ ( su* a quality 9 our contempor>ies1 because !y %[ ! nak$ness ( our "t1 & ( ! m5 9 x1 to po/]ity4 ,su* fils de joie d n see ! suff]+s & ! mon/]s1 t !y pret5d1 z philosoph]s1 to see & fight2 & s _! joy deceives u1 & we hate x2 x tempts to ! false belief t !y h ga9$ "s victory4 ,at bottom !re is only joy :]e !re is victory3 & ?is applies to true philosophy z mu* z to any "w ( art4 ,! cont5ts may be =bidd+ & s]i\s1 z ! problem ( exi/5ce always is2 ! "w w only prove tiresome & oppressive1 if ! slip-%od ?9k] & ! dilettante h spread ! mi/ ( _! insuffici5cy ov] x3 :ile no?+ happi] or bett] c come to man's lot ?an to be ne> "o ( ^? conqu]+ spirits ^: pr(\nd ?\ght has made !m love :at is mo/ vital1 & ^: wisdom has f\nd its goal 9 beauty4 ,!y really speak3 !y are no /amm]]s or babbl]s2 !y live & move1 & h no "p 9 ! danse macabre ( ! re/ ( humanity4 ,& s 9 _! company "o feels a natural man aga91 & c\ld cry out ) ,goe!--,:at a wondr\s & priceless ?+ is a liv+ creature6 ,h[ fitt$ to 8 surr\nd+s1 h[ true1 & real6 ,i h be5 describ+ no?+ b ! fir/1 almo/ physiological1 impression made ^u me by ,s*op5hau]1 ! magical emanation ( inn] =ce f "o plant ( ,nature to ano!r1 t foll[s ! slighte/ contact4 ,analys+ x1 ,i f9d t ?is influ5ce ( ,s*op5hau] has ?ree elem5ts1 8 hone/y1 8 joy1 & 8 consi/5cy4 ,he is hone/1 z speak+ & writ+ = himself alone2 joyful1 because 8 ?\ght has conqu]$ ! greate/ difficulties2 consi/5t1 because he _c help be+ s4 ,8 /r5g? rises l a flame 9 ! calm air1 /raight up1 )\t a tremor or deviation4 ,he f9ds 8 way1 )\t our notic+ t he has be5 seek+ x3 s surely & clev]ly & inevitably does he run 8 c\rse1 z if by "s law ( gravitation4 ,if any "o h felt :at x means to f9d1 9 our pres5t _w ( ,c5taurs & ,*imras1 a s+le-he>t$ & unaffect$ *ild ( nature :o moves uncon/ra9$ on 8 own road1 he w und]/& my joy & surprise 9 discov]+ ,s*op5hau]3 ,i knew 9 him ! educator & philosoph] ,i _h s long desir$4 ,only1 h[ev]1 9 8 writ+s3 :i* 0 a great loss4 ,all ! m did ,i ex]t myself to see beh9d ! book ! liv+ man ^: te/am5t x 01 & :o promis$ 8 inh]itance to su* z c\ld1 & w\ld1 be m ?an 8 read]s--8 pupils & 8 sons4 ,,iii4 ,i get pr(it f a philosoph]1 j s f> z he c be an example to me4 ,!re is no d\bt t a man c draw :ole nations aft] him by 8 example2 z is %[n by ,indian hi/ory1 :i* is practically ! hi/ory ( ,indian philosophy4 ,b ?is example mu/ exi/ 9 8 outw>d life1 n m]ely 9 8 books2 x mu/ foll[ ! way ( ! ,grecian philosoph]s1 ^: doctr9e 0 9 _! dress & be>+ & g5]al mann] ( life r ?an 9 _! spee* or writ+4 ,we h no?+ yet ( ?is brea?+ te/imony 9 ,g]man philosophical life2 ! _s has1 app>5tly1 long complet$ its emancipation1 :ile ! fle% has h>dly begun2 yet x is fooli% to ?9k t ! _s c be really free & indep5d5t :5 ?is victory ov] limitation--:i* is ultimately a =mative limit+ ( "o's self--is n embodi$ anew 9 e look & movem5t4 ,kant held to 8 univ]sity1 submitt$ to its regulations1 & belong$1 z 8 colleagues & /ud5ts ?\ght1 to a def9ite religi\s fai?3 & naturally 8 example has produc$1 above all1 ,univ]sity pr(essors ( philosophy4 ,s*op5hau] makes small acc\nt ( ! le>n$ tribe1 keeps himself exclusive1 & cultivates an indep5d5ce f /ate & society z 8 ideal1 to escape ! *a9s ( circum/ance "h3 t is 8 value to u4 ,_m /eps 9 ! enfran*isem5t ( ! philosoph] are unkn[n 9 ,g]many2 !y _c always rema9 s4 ,our arti/s live m bravely & hon\rably ?an our philosoph]s2 & ,ri*>d ,wagn]1 ! be/ example ( all1 %[s h[ g5ius ne$ n fe> a fight to ! dea? ) ! e/abli%$ =ms & ord9ances1 if we wi% to br+ ! high] tru? & ord]1 t lives 9 him1 to ! light4 ,! tru?1 h[ev]1 ( :i* we he> s mu* f our pr(essors1 seems to be a f> m mode/ be+1 & no k9d ( di/urbance is to be fe>$ f h]2 %e is an easy-go+ & pleasant creature1 :o is cont9ually assur+ ! p[]s t be t no "o ne$ fe> any tr\ble f h] qu>t]3 = man is only pure reason4 ,& !re=e ,i w say1 t philosophy 9 ,g]many has m & m to le>n n to be pure reason3 & x may well take z its model ,s*op5hau] ! man4 ,x is no less ?an a m>vel t he %\ld h come to be ?is human k9d ( example3 = he 0 beset1 )9 & )\t1 by ! mo/ frightful dang]s1 t w\ld h cru%$ & brok5 a weak] nature4 ,i ?9k !re 0 a /rong likelihood ( ,s*op5hau] ! man go+ "u1 & leav+ at be/ a residue ( pure reason3 & only at be/--x 0 m probable t nei!r man nor reason w\ld survive4 ,a mod]n ,engli%man sket*es ! mo/ usual dang] to extraord9>y m5 :o live 9 a society t wor%ips ! ord9>y1 9 ?is mann]3--,su* uncommon *>act]s are fir/ c[$1 !n become sick & melan*oly1 & !n die4 ,a ,%elley c\ld nev] h liv$ 9 ,engl&3 a race ( ,%elleys w\ld h be5 impossible4 ,our ,hld]l9s & ,klei/s 7 undone by _! unconv5tionality1 & 7 n /rong en\gh = ! climate ( ! s-call$ ,g]man culture2 & only iron natures l ,bee?ov51 ,goe!1 ,s*op5hau] & ,wagn] c\ld hold out aga9/ x4 ,ev5 9 !m ! effect ( ?is we>y toil+ & moil+ is se5 9 _m l9es & wr9kles2 _! brea?+ is h>d] & _! voice is =c$4 ,! old diplomati/ :o _h only j se5 & spok5 to ,goe!1 said to a fri5d--,voil un homme qui a eu de gr&s *agr9s6 :i* ,goe! translat$ to mean ,t is a man :o has tak5 great pa9s 9 8 life4 ,& he adds1 ,if ! trace ( ! sorr[ & activity we h gone ?r\gh _c be wip$ f our features1 x is no wond] t all t survives ( u & our /ruggles %\ld be> ! same impress4 ,& ?is is ! ,goe! to :om our cultur$ ,phili/9es po9t z ! happie/ ( ,g]mans1 t !y may prove _! !sis1 t x mu/ be possible to be happy among !m--) ! unexpress$ coroll>y t no "o c be p>don$ = feel+ unhappy & lonely among !m4 ,h5ce !y pu% _! doctr9e1 9 practice1 to its m]ciless conclusion1 t !re is always a secret guilt 9 isolation4 ,poor ,s*op5hau] _h ?is secret guilt too 9 8 he>t1 ! guilt ( *]i%+ 8 philosophy m ?an 8 fell[-m52 & he 0 s unhappy z to h le>nt f ,goe! t he mu/ def5d 8 philosophy at all co/s f ! neglect ( 8 contempor>ies1 to save its v exi/5ce3 = !re is a k9d ( ,gr& ,inquisitor's ,c5sure 9 :i* ! ,g]mans1 accord+ to ,goe!1 are great adepts3 x is call$--inviolable sil5ce4 ,?is mu* at lea/ 0 accompli%$ by x2--! great] "p ( ! fir/ edition ( ,s*op5hau]'s ma/]piece _h to be turn$ into wa/e pap]4 ,! imm95t risk t 8 great "w w\ld be undone1 m]ely by neglect1 br$ 9 him a /ate ( unre/--p]il\s & uncontrollable2--= no s+le adh]5t ( any note pres5t$ himself4 ,x is tragic to wat* 8 se>* = any evid5ce ( recognition3 & 8 pi]c+ cry ( triumph at la/1 t he w\ld n[ really be read 7legor et leg>71 t\*es u ) a ?rill ( pa94 ,all ! traits 9 :i* we d n see ! great philosoph] %[ u ! suff]+ man1 anxi\s = 8 noble/ possessions2 he 0 tortur$ by ! fe> ( los+ 8 little prop]ty1 & p]haps ( no long] be+ able to ma9ta9 9 its purity 8 truly antique attitude t[>ds philosophy4 ,he (t5 *ose falsely 9 8 desire to f9d real tru/ & compassion 9 m51 only to return ) a heavy he>t to 8 fai?ful dog aga94 ,he 0 absolutely alone1 ) no s+le fri5d ( 8 own k9d to com=t him2 & betwe5 "o & none !re lies an inf9ity--z ev] betwe5 some?+ & no?+4 ,no "o :o has true fri5ds kn[s :at real lonel9ess means1 ?\gh he may h ! :ole _w 9 antagonism r\nd him4 ,ah1 ,i see well ye d n "k :at isolation is6 ,:5ev] !re are great societies ) gov]nm5ts & religions & public op9ions--:]e !re is a tyranny1 9 %ort1 !re w ! lonely philosoph] be hat$3 = philosophy (f]s an asylum to mank9d :]e no tyranny c p5etrate1 ! inn] sanctu>y1 ! c5tre ( ! he>t's labyr9?3 & ! tyrants are gall$ at x4 ,"h d ! lonely m5 lie hid3 b "h too lurks _! greate/ dang]4 ,^! m5 :o h sav$ _! inn] fre$om1 mu/ also live & be se5 9 ! out] _w3 !y /& 9 c\ntless human relations by _! bir?1 position1 education & c\ntry1 _! own circum/ances & ! importunity ( o!rs3 & s !y are presum$ to hold an imm5se numb] ( op9ions1 simply because ^! happ5 to prevail3 e look t is n a d5ial c\nts z an ass5t1 e motion ( ! h& t does n de/roy is reg>d$ z an aid4 ,^! free & lonely m5 "k t !y p]petually seem o!r ?an !y are4 ,:ile !y wi% = no?+ b tru? & hone/y1 !y are 9 a net ( misund]/&+2 & t ard5t desire _c prev5t a mi/ ( false op9ions1 ( adaptations & wrong conclusions1 ( p>tial misappreh5sion & int5tional retic5ce1 f ga!r+ r\nd _! actions4 ,& !re settles a cl\d ( melan*oly on _! br[s3 = su* natures hate ! necessity ( pret5ce worse ?an dea?3 & ! cont9ual bitt]ness gives !m a ?reat5+ & volcanic "*4 ,!y take rev5ge f "t to "t = _! =c$ concealm5t & self-re/ra9t3 !y issue f _! d5s ) l[]+ looks3 _! words & de$s are explosive1 & may lead to _! own de/ruction4 ,s*op5hau] liv$ amid dang]s ( ?is sort4 ,su* lonely m5 ne$ love1 & fri5ds1 to :om !y c be z op5 & s9c]e z to !mselves1 & 9 ^: pres5ce ! dead5+ sil5ce & hypocrisy may cease4 ,take _! fri5ds away1 & !re is left an increas+ p]il2 ,he9ri* von ,klei/ 0 brok5 by ! lack ( love1 & ! mo/ t]rible weapon aga9/ unusual m5 is to drive !m into !mselves2 & !n _! issu+ =? aga9 is a volcanic eruption4 ,yet !re are always "s demi-gods :o c be> life "u ^! fe>ful conditions & c be _! conqu]ors3 & if y w\ld he> _! lonely *ant1 li/5 to ! music ( ,bee?ov54 ,s ! fir/ dang] 9 ^: %ad[ ,s*op5hau] liv$ 0-- isolation4 ,! second is call$--d\bt+ ( ! tru?4 ,to ?is e ?9k] is liable :o sets out f ! philosophy ( ,kant1 provid$ he be /rong & s9c]e 9 8 sorr[s & 8 desires1 & n a m]e t9kl+ ?\ght-box or calculat+ ma*9e4 ,we all "k ! %ameful /ate ( ?+s impli$ by ?is la/ res]vation1 & ,i believe x is only a v few m5 t ,kant has s vitally affect$ z to *ange ! curr5t ( _! blood4 ,to judge f :at "o reads1 !re mu/ h be5 a revolution 9 e doma9 ( ?\ght s9ce ! "w ( ?is unobtrusive pr(essor3 ,i _c believe x myself4 ,= ,i see m51 ?\gh d>kly1 z !mselves ne$+ to be revolutionis$1 be=e any doma9s ( ?\ght c be s4 ,9 fact1 we f9d ! fir/ m>k ( any influ5ce ,kant may h _h on ! popul> m9d1 9 a corrosive scepticism & relativity4 ,b x is only 9 noble & active spirits :o c\ld nev] re/ 9 d\bt t ! %att]+ despair ( tru? itself c\ld take ! place ( d\bt4 ,?is 01 = example1 ! effect ( ! ,kantian philosophy on ,he9ri* von ,klei/4 ,x 0 only a %ort "t ago1 he writes 9 8 poignant way1 t ,i became acqua9t$ ) ! ,kantian philosophy2 & ,i w tell y my ?\ght1 ?\gh ,i _c fe> t x w rack y to y\r inmo/ s\l1 z x did me4--,we _c decide1 :e!r :at we call tru? is really tru?1 or :e!r x only seems s to u4 ,if ! latt]1 ! tru? t we amass "h does n exi/ aft] dea?1 & all our /ruggle to ga9 a possession t may foll[ u ev5 to ! grave is 9 va94 ,if ! blade ( ?is ?\ght d n cut y\r he>t1 yet laugh n at ano!r :o feels himself w\nd$ by x 9 8 ,holy ( ,holies4 ,my "o highe/ aim has vani%$1 & ,i h no m4 ,yes1 :5 w m5 feel aga9 deeply z ,klei/ did1 & le>n to measure a philosophy by :at x means to ! ,holy ( ,holies8 ,& yet we mu/ make ?is e/imate ( :at ,s*op5hau] c mean to u1 aft] ,kant1 z ! fir/ pione] to br+ u f ! heights ( sceptical disillusionm5t or critical r5unciation1 to ! great] height ( tragic contemplation1 ! nocturnal heav5 ) its endless cr[n ( />s4 ,8 greatness is t he c /& opposite ! picture ( life1 & int]pret x to u z a :ole3 :ile all ! clev] p _c escape ! error ( ?9k+ "o comes ne>] to ! int]pretation by a labori\s analysis ( ! col\rs & mat]ial ( ! picture2 ) ! confession1 probably1 t ! texture ( ! canvas is v complicat$1 & ! *emical composition ( ! col\rs undiscov]able4 ,s*op5hau] knew t "o mu/ guess ! pa9t] 9 ord] to und]/& ! picture4 ,b n[ ! :ole le>n$ frat]nity is engag$ on und]/&+ ! col\rs & canvas1 & n ! picture3 & only he :o has kept ! univ]sal panorama ( life & be+ firmly be=e 8 eyes1 w use ! individual sci5ces )\t h>m to himself2 =1 )\t ?is g5]al view z a norm1 !y are ?reads t lead n[h]e & only confuse /ill m ! maze ( our exi/5ce4 ,"h we see1 z ,i said1 ! greatness ( ,s*op5hau]1 t he foll[s up e idea1 z ,hamlet foll[s ! ,gho/1 )\t all[+ himself to turn aside = a le>n$ digression1 or be drawn away by ! s*ola/ic ab/ractions ( a rabid dialectic4 ,! /udy ( ! m9ute philosoph]s is only int]e/+ = ! recognition t !y h rea*$ ^? /ages 9 ! great edifice ( philosophy :]e le>n$ disquisitions = & aga9/1 :]e hair-splitt+ objections & c\nt]-objections are ! rule3 & = t reason !y evade ! dem& ( e great philosophy to speak sub specie t]nitatis--?is is ! picture ( ! :ole ( life3 le>n !nce ! mean+ ( ?9e own life4 ,& ! conv]se3 read ?9e own life1 & und]/& !nce ! hi]oglyphs ( ! univ]sal life4 ,9 ?is way mu/ ,s*op5hau]'s philosophy always be int]pret$2 z an individuali/ philosophy1 />t+ f ! s+le man1 9 8 own nature1 to ga9 an insight into 8 p]sonal mis]ies1 & ne$s1 & limitations1 & f9d out ! rem$ies t w console !m3 namely1 ! sacrifice ( ! ego1 & its submission to ! nobl] ends1 especially ^? ( ju/ice & m]cy4 ,he tea*es u to di/+ui% betwe5 ! true & ! app>5t fur!rance ( man's happ9ess3 h[ nei!r ! atta9m5t ( ri*es1 nor hon\r1 nor le>n+1 c raise ! individual f 8 deep despair at 8 unwor?9ess2 & h[ ! que/ = ^! good ?+s c only h mean+ ?r\gh a univ]sal end t transc5ds & expla9s !m2--! ga9+ ( p[] to aid our physical nature by !m &1 z f> z may be1 correct its folly & awkw>dness4 ,= "o's self only1 9 ! fir/ in/ance3 & f9ally1 ?r\gh "o's self1 = all4 ,x is a task t leads to scepticism3 = !re is s mu* to be made bett] yet1 9 "o & all6 ,apply+ ?is to ,s*op5hau] himself1 we come to ! ?ird & mo/ intimate dang] 9 :i* he liv$1 & :i* lay deep 9 ! m>r[ ( 8 be+4 ,e "o is apt to discov] a limitation 9 himself1 9 8 gifts ( intellect z well z 8 moral w1 t fills him ) ye>n+ & melan*oly2 & z he /rives aft] hol9ess ?r\gh a consci\sness ( s91 s1 z an intellectual be+1 he has a deep long+ aft] ! g5ius 9 himself4 ,?is is ! root ( all true culture2 & if we say ?is means ! aspiration ( man to be born aga9 z sa9t & g5ius1 ,i "k t "o ne$ n be a ,buddhi/ to und]/& ! my?4 ,we feel a /rong loa?+ :5 we f9d tal5t )\t su* aspiration1 9 ! circle ( ! le>n$1 or among ! s-call$ educat$2 = we see t su* m51 ) all _! clev]ness1 are no aid b a h9drance to ! beg9n+s ( culture1 & ! blossom+ ( g5ius1 ! aim ( all culture4 ,!re is a rigidity 9 !m1 p>allel to ! cold arrogance ( conv5tional virtue1 :i* also rema9s at ! opposite pole to true hol9ess4 ,s*op5hau]'s nature conta9$ an extraord9>ily dang]\s dualism4 ,few ?9k]s h felt z he did ! complete & unmi/akable c]ta9ty ( g5ius )9 !m2 & 8 g5ius made him ! highe/ ( all promises1--t !re c\ld be no deep] furr[ ?an t :i* he 0 pl\gh+ 9 ! gr\nd ( ! mod]n _w4 ,he knew "o half ( 8 be+ to be fulfill$ accord+ to its /r5g?1 ) no o!r ne$2 & he foll[$ ) greatness & dignity 8 vocation ( consolidat+ 8 victory4 ,9 ! o!r half !re 0 a gnaw+ aspiration1 :i* we c und]/&1 :5 we he> t he turn$ away ) a sad look f ! picture ( ,ranc1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,trappi/s1 ) ! words3 ,t is a matt] ( grace4 ,= g5ius ev]more ye>ns aft] hol9ess z x sees fur!r & m cle>ly f its wat*-t[] ?an o!r m51 deep into ! reconciliation ( ,?\ght & ,be+1 ! k+dom ( peace & ! d5ial ( ! w1 & up to t o!r %ore1 ( :i* ! ,indians speak4 ,! wond] is1 t ,s*op5hau]'s nature %\ld h be5 s inconceivably /able & un%akable t x c\ld nei!r be de/roy$ nor petrifi$ by ?is ye>n+4 ,e "o w und]/& ?is aft] ! measure ( 8 own "* & greatness3 none ( u w und]/& x 9 ! fulness ( its mean+4 ,! m "o consid]s ^! ?ree dang]s1 ! m extraord9>y w appe> 8 vig\r 9 oppos+ !m & 8 safety aft] ! battle4 ,true1 he ga9$ _m sc>s & op5 w\nds3 & a ca/ ( m9d t may seem some:at too bitt] & pugnaci\s4 ,b 8 s+le ideal transc5ds ! highe/ humanity 9 him4 ,s*op5hau] /&s z a patt]n to m51 9 spite ( all ^? sc>s & scrat*es4 ,we may ev5 say1 t :at 0 imp]fect & all too human 9 him1 br+s u ne>] to him z a man1 = we see a suff]] & a k9sman to suff]+1 n m]ely a dwell] on ! unatta9able heights ( g5ius4 ,^! ?ree con/itutional dang]s t ?reat5$ ,s*op5hau]1 ?reat5 u all4 ,ea* "o ( u be>s a creative solitude )9 himself & 8 consci\sness ( x =ms an exotic aura ( /rang5ess r\nd him4 ,mo/ m5 _c endure x1 because !y are slo?ful1 z ,i said1 & because _! solitude hangs r\nd !m a *a9 ( tr\bles & burd5s4 ,no d\bt1 = ! man ) ?is heavy *a91 life loses almo/ ev]y?+ t "o desires f x 9 y\?--joy1 safety1 hon\r3 8 fell[-m5 pay him 8 due (--isolation6 ,! wild]ness & ! cave are ab\t him1 :]ev] he may live4 ,he mu/ look to x t he be n enslav$ & oppress$1 & become melan*oly !reby4 ,& let him surr\nd himself ) ! pictures ( good & brave fight]s su* z ,s*op5hau]4 ,! second dang]1 too1 is n r>e4 ,"h & !re we f9d "o d[]$ by nature ) a ke5 vision2 8 ?\ghts dance gladly 9 ! wit*es' ,sabba? ( dialectic2 & if he uncauti\sly give 8 tal5t ! re91 x is easy to lose all humanity & live a gho/ly life 9 ! realm ( pure reason3 or ?r\gh ! con/ant se>* = ! pros & cons ( ?+s1 he may g a/ray f ! tru? & live )\t c\rage or confid5ce1 9 d\bt1 d5ial & discont5t1 & ! sl5d] hope t waits on disillusion3 ,no dog c\ld live long ?us6 ,! ?ird dang] is a moral or intellectual h>d5+3 man breaks ! bond t unit$ him to 8 ideal3 he ceases to be fruitful & reproduce himself 9 ?is or t prov9ce1 & becomes an enemy or a p>asite ( culture4 ,! solitude ( 8 be+ has become an indivisible1 unrelat$ atom1 an icy /one4 ,& "o c p]i% ( ?is solitude z well z ( ! fe> ( x1 ( "o's self z well z "o's self-sacrifice1 ( bo? aspiration & petrifaction3 & to live is ev] to be 9 dang]4 ,beside ^! dang]s to :i* ,s*op5hau] w\ld h be5 con/itutionally liable1 9 :atev] c5tury he _h liv$1 !re 7 also "s produc$ by 8 own "t2 & x is ess5tial to di/+ui% betwe5 ^! two k9ds1 9 ord] to grasp ! typical & =mative elem5ts 9 8 nature4 ,! philosoph] ca/s 8 eye ov] exi/5ce1 & wi%es to give x a new /&>d value2 = x has be5 ! peculi> task ( all great ?9k]s to be law-giv]s = ! weight & /amp 9 ! m9t ( reality4 ,& 8 task w be h9d]$ if ! m5 he sees ne> him be a weakly & worm-eat5 gr[?4 ,to be correct 9 8 calculation ( exi/5ce1 ! unwor?9ess ( ! pres5t "t mu/ be a v small item 9 ! addition4 ,! /udy ( anci5t or =eign hi/ory is valuable1 if at all1 = a correct judgm5t on ! :ole de/9y ( man2 :i* mu/ be drawn n only f an av]age e/imate b f a comp>ison ( ! highe/ de/9ies t c befall individuals or nations4 ,! pres5t is too mu* ) u2 x directs ! vision ev5 aga9/ ! philosoph]'s w3 & x w inevitably be reckon$ too high 9 ! f9al sum4 ,& s he mu/ put a l[ figure on 8 own "t z aga9/ o!rs1 & suppress ! pres5t 9 8 picture ( life1 z well z 9 himself2 mu/ put x into ! backgr\nd or pa9t x ov]2 a difficult1 & almo/ impossible task4 ,! judgm5t ( ! anci5t ,greek philosoph]s on ! value ( exi/5ce means s mu* m ?an our own1 because !y _h ! full bloom ( life itself be=e !m1 & _! vision 0 untr\bl$ by any felt dualism betwe5 _! wi% = fre$om & beauty on ! gr& scale1 & _! se>* aft] tru?1 ) its s+le "q ,:at is ! real wor? ( life8 ,emp$ocles liv$ :5 ,greek culture 0 full to ov]fl[+ ) ! joy ( life1 & all ages may take pr(it f 8 words2 especially z no o!r great philosoph] ( t great "t v5tur$ to contradict !m4 ,emp$ocles is only ! cle>e/ voice among !m--!y all say ! same ?+1 if a man w b op5 8 e>s4 ,a mod]n ?9k] is always 9 ! ?roes ( an unfulfill$ desire2 he is look+ = life1--w>m1 r$ life1--t he may pass judgm5t on x3 at any rate he w ?9k x necess>y to be a liv+ man himself1 be=e he c believe 9 8 p[] ( judg+4 ,& ?is is ! title ( ! mod]n philosoph]s to sit among ! great aid]s ( ,life 7or r ( ! w to live71 & ! reason :y !y c look f _! own out-we>i$ "t & aspire to a tru] culture1 & a cle>] explanation4 ,_! ye>n+ is1 h[ev]1 _! dang]2 ! re=m] 9 !m /ruggles ) ! critical philosoph]4 ,& :i*ev] way ! victory incl9e1 x also implies a defeat4 ,h[ 0 ,s*op5hau] to escape ?is dang]8 ,we l to consid] ! great man z ! noble *ild ( 8 age1 :o feels its defects m /rongly & intimately ?an ! small] m53 & !re=e ! /ruggle ( ! great man aga9/ 8 age is app>5tly no?+ b a mad fight to ! dea? ) himself4 ,only app>5tly1 h[ev]3 he only fights ! elem5ts 9 8 "t t h9d] 8 own greatness1 9 o!r words 8 own fre$om & s9c]ity4 ,& s1 at bottom1 he is only an enemy to t elem5t :i* is n truly himself1 ! irreconcilable antagonism ( ! temporal & et]nal 9 him4 ,! suppos$ *ild ( 8 age proves to be b a /ep-*ild4 ,f boyhood ,s*op5hau] /rove ) 8 "t1 a false & unwor?y "m to him1 & z soon z he _h bani%$ h]1 he c\ld br+ back 8 be+ to its native heal? & purity4 ,= ?is v reason we c use 8 writ+s z mirrors ( 8 "t2 x is no fault ( ! mirror if ev]y?+ contempor>y appe> 9 x /rick5 by a ravag+ disease1 pale & ?91 ) tir$ looks & holl[ eyes1--! /ep-*ild's sorr[ made visible4 ,! ye>n+ = natural /r5g?1 = a heal?y & simple humanity1 0 a ye>n+ = himself3 & z soon z he _h conqu]$ 8 "t )9 him1 he 0 face to face ) 8 own g5ius4 ,! secret ( nature's be+ & 8 own lay op51 ! /ep-"m's plot to conceal 8 g5ius f him 0 foil$4 ,& n[ he c\ld turn a fe>less eye t[>ds ! "q1 ,:at is ! real wor? ( life8 )\t hav+ any m to weigh a bloodless & *aotic age ( d\bt & hypocrisy4 ,he knew t !re 0 some?+ high] & pur] to be won on ?is e>? ?an ! life ( 8 "t1 & a man does bitt] wrong to exi/5ce :o only kn[s x & criticises x 9 ?is hateful =m4 ,g5ius1 itself ! highe/ product ( life1 is n[ summon$ to ju/ify life1 if x c3 ! noble creative s\l mu/ answ] ! "q3--,do/ ?\ 9 ?y he>t say ',yea6' unto ?is exi/5ce8 ,is x en\gh = !e8 ,wilt ?\ be its advocate & its r$eem]8 ,"o true ',yea6' f ?y lips1 & ! sorely accus$ life %all g free4 ,h[ %all he answ]8 ,9 ! words ( ,emp$ocles4 ,,iv4 ,! la/ h9t may well rema9 obscure = a "t3 ,i h some?+ m easy to expla91 namely h[ ,s*op5hau] c help u to educate ourselves 9 opposition to our age1 s9ce we h ! advantage ( really kn[+ our age1 ?r\gh him2--if x be an advantage6 ,x may be no long] possible 9 a c\ple ( hundr$ ye>s4 ,i sometimes amuse myself ) ! idea t m5 may soon gr[ tir$ ( books & _! au?ors1 & ! savant ( to-morr[ come to leave directions 9 8 w t 8 body be burn$ 9 ! mid/ ( 8 books1 includ+ ( c\rse 8 own writ+s4 ,& 9 ! gradual cle>+ ( ! =e/s1 might n our libr>ies be v reasonably us$ = /raw & bru%wood8 ,mo/ books are born f ! smoke & vap\r ( ! bra93 & to vap\r & smoke may !y well return4 ,= hav+ no fire )9 !mselves1 !y %all be visit$ ) fire4 ,& possibly to a lat] c5tury our own may c\nt z ! ,d>k age1 because our productions heat$ ! furnace hott] & m cont9u\sly ?an ev] be=e4 ,we are anyh[ happy t we c le>n to "k our "t2 & if !re be any s5se 9 busy+ ourselves ) our "t at all1 we may z well d x z ?or\ghly z we c1 s t no "o may h any d\bt ab\t x4 ,! possibility ( ?is we owe to ,s*op5hau]4 ,our happ9ess w\ld ( c\rse be inf9itely great]1 if our inquiry %[$ t no?+ s hopeful & spl5did z our pres5t epo* _h ev] exi/$4 ,!re are simple p 9 "s corn] ( ! e>? to-day--p]haps 9 ,g]many--:o are dispos$ to believe 9 all s]i\sness t ! _w 0 put "r two ye>s ago1#a & t all /]n & gloomy views ( life are n[ contradict$ by facts4 ,! f\ndation ( ! ,new ,g]man ,empire is1 to !m1 ! decisive bl[ t annihilates all ! pessimi/ic philosophis]s1--no d\bt ( x4 ,to judge ! philosoph]'s significance 9 our "t1 z an educator1 we mu/ oppose a widespread view l ?is1 especially common 9 our univ]sities4 ,we mu/ say1 x is a %ameful ?+ t su* abom9able flatt]y ( ! ,"t-,feti% %\ld be utt]$ by a h]d ( s-call$ reflective & hon\rable m52 x is a pro( t we no long] see h[ f> ! s]i\sness ( philosophy is remov$ f t ( a newspap]4 ,su* m5 h lo/ ! la/ remnant ( feel+1 n only = philosophy1 b also = religion1 & h put 9 its place a _s n s mu* ( optimism z ( j\rnalism1 ! evil _s t broods ov] ! day--& ! daily pap]4 ,e philosophy t believes ! problem ( exi/5ce to be %elv$1 or ev5 solv$1 by a political ev5t1 is a %am philosophy4 ,!re h be5 innum]able /ates f\nd$ s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w2 t is an old /ory4 ,h[ %\ld a political innovation manage once & = all to make a cont5t$ race ( ! dwell]s on ?is e>?8 ,if any "o believe 9 8 he>t t ?is is possible1 he %\ld report himself to our au?orities3 he really des]ves to be ,pr(essor ( ,philosophy 9 a ,g]man univ]sity1 l ,h>ms 9 ,b]l91 ,jurg5 ,mey] 9 ,bonn1 & ,c>rire 9 ,muni*4 #a ,?is 0 writt5 9 #ahgc4--,,tr4 ,we are feel+ ! consequ5ces ( ! doctr9e1 prea*$ lately f all ! h\setops1 t ! /ate is ! highe/ end ( man & !re is no high] duty ?an to s]ve x3 ,i reg>d ?is n a relapse into paganism1 b into /upidity4 ,a man :o ?9ks /ate-s]vice to be 8 highe/ duty1 v possibly kn[s no high] "o2 yet !re are bo? m5 & duties 9 a region beyond1--& "o ( ^! duties1 t seems to me at lea/ ( high] value ?an /ate-s]vice1 is to de/roy /upidity 9 all its =ms--& ?is p>ticul> /upidity among !m4 ,& ,i h to d ) a class ( m5 ^: teleological conceptions ext5d fur!r ?an ! well-be+ ( a /ate1 ,i mean ) philosoph]s--& only ) !m 9 _! relation to ! _w ( culture1 :i* is aga9 almo/ indep5d5t ( ! good ( ! /ate4 ,( ! _m l9ks t make up ! twi/$ *a9 ( humanity1 "s are ( gold & o!rs ( pewt]4 ,h[ does ! philosoph] ( our "t reg>d culture8 ,q diff]5tly1 ,i assure y1 f ! pr(essors :o are s cont5t ) _! new /ate4 ,he seems to see ! symptoms ( an absolute uproot+ ( culture 9 ! increas+ ru% & hurry ( life1 & ! decay ( all reflection & simplicity4 ,! wat]s ( religion are ebb+1 & leav+ swamps or /agnant pools3 ! nations are draw+ away 9 enmity aga91 & long to te> ea* o!r 9 pieces4 ,! sci5ces1 bl9dly driv+ along1 on a laiss] faire sy/em1 )\t a common /&>d1 are splitt+ up1 & los+ hold ( e firm pr9ciple4 ,! educat$ classes are be+ swept along 9 ! contemptible /ruggle = weal?4 ,nev] 0 ! _w m worldly1 nev] poor] 9 goodness & love4 ,m5 ( le>n+ are no long] beacons or sanctu>ies 9 ! mid/ ( ?is turmoil ( worldl9ess2 !y !mselves are daily becom+ m re/less1 ?\ghtless1 loveless4 ,ev]y?+ b[s be=e ! com+ b>b>ism1 art & sci5ce includ$4 ,! educat$ m5 h deg5]at$ into ! greate/ foes ( education1 = !y w d5y ! univ]sal sickness & h9d] ! physician4 ,!y become peevi%1 ^! poor n]veless creatures1 if "o speak ( _! weakness & combat ! %ameful _s ( lies 9 !m4 ,!y w\ld gladly make "o believe t !y h out/ripp$ all ! c5turies1 & !y walk ) a pret5ce ( happ9ess :i* has some?+ pa!tic ab\t x1 because _! happ9ess is s inconceivable4 ,"o w\ld n ev5 ask !m1 z ,tannhus] did ,bit]olf1 ,:at ha/ ?\1 poor wret*1 enjoy$6 ,=1 alas6 we "k f> bett] ourselves1 9 ano!r way4 ,!re is a w9try sky ov] u1 & we dwell on a high m\nta91 9 dang] & 9 ne$4 ,%ort-liv$ is all our joy1 & ! sun's rays /rike palely on our :ite m\nta9s4 ,music is he>d2 an old man gr9ds an organ1 & ! danc]s :irl r\nd1 & ! he>t ( ! w&]] is %ak5 )9 him to see x3 ev]y?+ is s disord]$1 s drab1 s hopeless4 ,ev5 n[ !re is a s\nd ( joy1 ( cle> ?\ghtless joy6 b soon ! mi/ ( ev5+ closes r\nd1 ! note dies away1 & ! w&]]'s foot/eps are he>d on ! gravel2 z f> z 8 eye c rea* !re is no?+ b ! grim & desolate face ( nature4 ,x may be "o-sid$1 to insi/ only on ! blurr$ l9es & ! dull col\rs 9 ! picture ( mod]n life3 yet ! o!r side is no m enc\rag+1 x is only m di/urb+4 ,!re is c]ta9ly /r5g? !re1 enorm\s /r5g?2 b x is wild1 primitive & m]ciless4 ,"o looks on ) a *ill expectancy1 z ?\gh into ! caldron ( a wit*'s kit*52 e mom5t !re may arise sp>ks & vap\r1 to h]ald "s fe>ful app>ition4 ,= a c5tury we h be5 ready = a _w-%ak+ convulsion2 & ?\gh we h lately be5 try+ to set ! cons]vative /r5g? ( ! s-call$ national /ate aga9/ ! great mod]n t5d5cy to volcanic de/ructiv5ess1 x w only be1 = a long "t yet1 an aggravation ( ! univ]sal unre/ t hangs ov] u4 ,we ne$ n be deceiv$ by individuals behav+ z if !y knew no?+ ( all ?is anxiety3 _! own re/lessness %[s h[ well !y "k x4 ,!y ?9k m exclusively ( !mselves ?an m5 ev] ?\ght be=e2 !y plant & build = _! little day1 & ! *ase = happ9ess is nev] great] ?an :5 ! qu>ry mu/ be caught to-day or to-morr[3 ! next day p]haps !re is no m hunt+4 ,we live 9 ! ,atomic ,age1 or r 9 ! ,atomic ,*aos4 ,! oppos+ =ces 7 practically held toge!r 9 m$ival times by ! ,*ur*1 & 9 "s measure assimilat$ by ! /rong pressure :i* %e ex]t$4 ,:5 ! common tie broke & ! pressure relax$1 !y rose once m aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,! ,re=mation taught t _m ?+s 7 adiaphora--dep>tm5ts t ne$$ no guidance f religion3 ?is 0 ! price paid = its own exi/5ce4 ,*ri/ianity paid a simil> "o to gu>d itself aga9/ ! f> m religi\s antiquity3 & laid ! se$s ( discord at once4 ,ev]y?+ n[adays is direct$ by ! fools & ! knaves1 ! selfi%ness ( ! money-mak]s & ! brute =ces ( milit>ism4 ,! /ate 9 _! h&s makes a good %[ ( reorganis+ ev]y?+1 & ( becom+ ! bond t unites ! w>r+ elem5ts2 9 o!r words1 x wi%es = ! same idolatry f mank9d z !y %[$ to ! ,*ur*4 ,& we %all yet feel ! consequ5ces4 ,we are ev5 n[ on ! ice-floes 9 ! /ream ( ! ,middle ,ages3 !y are ?aw+ fa/1 & _! movem5t is om9\s3 ! banks are flood$1 & giv+ way4 ,! revolution1 ! atomi/ic revolution1 is inevitable3 b :at are ^? smalle/ indivisible elem5ts ( human society8 ,!re is surely f> m dang] to mank9d 9 transitional p]iods l ^! ?an 9 ! actual "t ( revolution & *aos2 !y are tortur$ by wait+1 & snat* gre$ily at e mom5t2 & ?is bre$s all k9ds ( c[>dice & selfi%ness 9 !m3 :]eas ! true feel+ ( a great & univ]sal ne$ ev] inspires m51 & makes !m bett]4 ,9 ! mid/ ( su* dang]s1 :o w provide ! gu>dians & *ampions = ,humanity1 = ! holy & inviolate treasure t has be5 laid up 9 ! temples1 little by little1 by c\ntless g5]ations8 ,:o w set up aga9 ! ,image ( ,man1 :5 m5 9 _! selfi%ness & t]ror see no?+ b ! trail ( ! s]p5t or ! cur 9 !m1 & h fall5 f _! high e/ate to t ( ! brute or ! automaton8 ,!re are ?ree ,images ( ,man fa%ion$ by our mod]n "t1 :i* = a long :ile yet w urge mortal m5 to transfigure _! own lives2 !y are ! m5 ( ,r\sseau1 ,goe!1 & ,s*op5hau]4 ,! fir/ has ! greate/ fire1 & is mo/ calculat$ to impress ! p3 ! second is only = ! few1 = ^? contemplative natures 9 ! gr& /yle :o are misund]/ood by ! cr[d4 ,! ?ird dem&s ! highe/ activity 9 ^? :o w foll[ x3 only su* m5 w look on t image )\t h>m1 = x breaks ! _s ( t m]ely contemplative man1 & ! rabble %udd] at x4 ,f ! fir/ has come =? a /r5g? t l$ & /ill leads to fe>ful revolution3 = 9 all sociali/ic upheavals x is ev] ,r\sseau's man :o is ! ,typhoeus "u ! ,etna4 ,oppress$ & half cru%$ to dea? by ! pride ( ca/e & ! pitilessness ( weal?1 spoilt by prie/s & bad education1 a laugh+-/ock ev5 to himself1 man cries 9 8 ne$ on holy "m ,nature1 & feels sudd5ly t %e is z f> f him z any god ( ! ,epicureans4 ,8 pray]s d n rea* h]2 s deeply sunk is he 9 ! ,*aos ( ! unnatural4 ,he contemptu\sly ?r[s aside all ! f9]y t seem$ 8 true/ humanity a little :ile ago--all 8 arts & sci5ces1 all ! ref9em5ts ( 8 life1--he beats ) 8 fi/s aga9/ ! walls1 9 ^: %ad[ he has deg5]at$1 & goes =? to seek ! light & ! sun1 ! =e/ & ! crag4 ,& cry+ out1 ,nature alone is good1 ! natural man alone is human1 he despises himself & aspires beyond himself3 a /ate :]e9 ! s\l is ready = a fe>ful resolve1 b calls ! noble & ! r>e z well f _! utt] dep?s4 ,goe!'s man is no su* ?reat5+ =ce2 9 a c]ta9 s5se he is a corrective & a s$ative to ^? dang]\s agitations ( :i* ,r\sseau's man is a prey4 ,goe! himself 9 8 y\? foll[$ ! gospel ( k9dly ,nature ) all ! ard\r ( 8 s\l3 8 ,fau/ 0 ! highe/ & bolde/ picture ( ,r\sseau's man1 s f> at any rate z 8 hung] = life1 8 discont5t & ye>n+1 8 int]c\rse ) ! demons ( ! he>t c\ld be repres5t$4 ,b :at comes f ^! congregat$ /orm-cl\ds8 ,n a s+le lightn+ fla%6 ,& "h beg9s ! new ,image ( man--! man accord+ to ,goe!4 ,"o might h ?\ght t ,fau/ w\ld h liv$ a cont9ual life ( suff]+1 z a revolution>y & a deliv]]1 z ! negative =ce t proce$s f goodness1 z ! g5ius ( ru91 alike religi\s & dmonic1 9 opposition to 8 utt]ly undmonic companion2 ?\gh ( c\rse he c\ld n be free ( ?is companion1 & _h at once to use & despise 8 evil & de/ructive scepticism--:i* is ! tragic de/9y ( all revolution>y deliv]]s4 ,"o is wrong1 h[ev]1 to expect any?+ ( ! sort3 ,goe!'s man "h p>ts company ) ,r\sseau's2 = he hates all viol5ce1 all sudd5 transition--t is1 all action3 & ! univ]sal deliv]] becomes m]ely ! univ]sal travell]4 ,all ! ri*es ( life & nature1 all antiquity--arts1 my?ologies & sci5ces--pass be=e 8 eag] eyes1 8 deepe/ desires are ar\s$ & satisfi$1 ,hel5 h]self c hold him no m--& ! mom5t mu/ come = :i* 8 mock+ companion is wait+4 ,at a fair spot on ! e>?1 8 flight comes to an end3 8 p9ions drop1 & ,mephi/opheles is at 8 side4 ,:5 ! ,g]man ceases to be ,fau/1 !re is no dang] great] ?an ( becom+ a ,phili/9e & fall+ into ! h&s ( ! devil--heav5ly p[]s alone c save him4 ,goe!'s man is1 z ,i said1 ! contemplative man 9 ! gr& /yle1 :o is only kept f dy+ ( ennui by fe$+ on all ! great & memorable ?+s t h ev] exi/$1 & by liv+ f desire to desire4 ,he is n ! active man2 & :5 he does take a place among active m51 z ?+s are1 y may be sure t no good w come ( x 7?9k1 = example1 ( ! zeal ) :i* ,goe! wrote = ! /age672 & fur!r1 y may be sure t ?+s z !y are w suff] no *ange4 ,goe!'s man is a conciliatory & cons]vative _s1 ?\gh 9 dang] ( deg5]at+ into a ,phili/9e1 j z ,r\sseau's man may easily become a ,catil9e4 ,all 8 virtues w\ld be ! bett] by ! addition ( a little brute =ce & elem5tal passion4 ,goe! appe>s to h se5 :]e ! weakness & dang] ( 8 creation lay1 z is cle> f ,j>no's ^w to ,wilhelm ,mei/]3 ,y are bitt] & ill-temp]$--:i* is q an excell5t ?+3 if y c\ld once become really angry1 x w\ld be /ill bett]4 ,to speak pla9ly1 x is necess>y to become really angry 9 ord] t ?+s may be bett]4 ,! picture ( ,s*op5hau]'s man c help u "h4 ,s*op5hau]'s man volunt>ily takes ^u himself ! pa9 ( tell+ ! tru?3 ?is pa9 s]ves to qu5* 8 individual w & make him ready = ! complete trans=mation ( 8 be+1 :i* x is ! inn] mean+ ( life to realise4 ,?is op5ness 9 him appe>s to o!r m5 to be an effect ( malice1 = !y ?9k ! pres]vation ( _! %ifts & pret5ces to be ! fir/ duty ( humanity1 & any "o :o de/roys _! play?+s to be m]ely malici\s4 ,!y are tempt$ to cry out to su* a man1 9 ,fau/'s words to ,mephi/opheles3-- ,s to ! active & et]nal ,creative =ce1 9 cold disda9 ,y n[ oppose ! fi/ inf]nal-- & he :o w\ld live accord+ to ,s*op5hau] w\ld seem to be m l a ,mephi/opheles ?an a ,fau/--t is1 to our weak mod]n eyes1 :i* always discov] signs ( malice 9 any negation4 ,b !re is a k9d ( d5ial & de/ruction t is ! effect ( t /rong aspiration aft] hol9ess & deliv]ance1 :i* ,s*op5hau] 0 ! fir/ philosoph] to tea* our pr(ane & worldly g5]ation4 ,ev]y?+ t c be d5i$1 des]ves to be d5i$2 & real s9c]ity means ! belief 9 a /ate ( ?+s :i* _c be d5i$1 or 9 :i* !re is no lie4 ,! s9c]e man feels t 8 activity has a metaphysical mean+4 ,x c only be expla9$ by ! laws ( a diff]5t & a high] life2 x is 9 ! deepe/ s5se an affirmation3 ev5 if ev]y?+ t he does seem utt]ly oppos$ to ! laws ( our pres5t life4 ,x mu/ lead !re=e to con/ant suff]+2 b he kn[s1 z ,mei/] ,eckh>d did1 t ! quicke/ bea/ t w c>ry y to p]fection is suff]+4 ,e "o1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 :o has su* an ideal be=e him1 mu/ feel a wid] sympa?y2 & he w h a burn+ desire to become a ,s*op5hau] man2--pure & wond]fully pati5t1 on 8 intellectual side full ( a dev\r+ fire1 & f> remov$ f ! cold & contemptu\s neutrality ( ! s-call$ sci5tific man2 s high above any w>p$ & morose outlook on life z to (f] himself z ! fir/ victim ( ! tru? he has won1 ) a deep consci\sness ( ! suff]+s t mu/ spr+ f 8 s9c]ity4 ,8 c\rage w de/roy 8 happ9ess on e>?1 he mu/ be an enemy to ! m5 he loves & ! in/itutions 9 :i* he grew up1 he mu/ sp>e nei!r p]son nor ?+1 h[ev] x may hurt him1 he w be misund]/ood & ?\ght an ally ( =ces t he abhors1 9 8 se>* = righte\sness he w seem unrighte\s by human /&>ds3 b he mu/ com=t himself ) ! words t 8 tea*] ,s*op5hau] once us$3 ,a happy life is impossible1 ! highe/ ?+ t man c aspire to is a h]oic life2 su* z a man lives1 :o is always fight+ aga9/ unequal odds = ! good ( o!rs2 & w9s 9 ! end )\t any ?anks4 ,aft] ! battle is ov]1 he /&s l ! ,pr9ce 9 ! re corvo ( ,gozzi1 ) dignity & nobility 9 8 eyes1 b turn$ to /one4 ,8 memory rema9s1 & w be rev]5c$ z a h]o's2 8 w1 t has be5 mortifi$ all 8 life by toil+ & /ruggl+1 by evil paym5t & +ratitude1 is absorb$ into ,nirvana4 ,su* a h]oic life1 ) its full mortification-- corresponds v little to ! paltry ideas ( ! p :o talk mo/ ab\t x1 & make fe/ivals 9 memory ( great m51 9 ! belief t a great man is great 9 ! s5se t !y are small1 ei!r ?r\gh ex]cise ( 8 gifts to please himself or by a bl9d me*anical ob$i5ce to ?is inn] =ce2 s t ! man :o does n possess ! gift or feel ! compulsion has ! same "r to be small z ! o!r to be great4 ,b gift & compulsion are contemptible words1 m]e means ( escape f an inn] voice1 a sl&] on him :o has li/5$ to ! voice--! great man2 he lea/ ( all w all[ himself to be giv5 or compell$ to any?+3 = he kn[s z well z any small] man h[ easily life c be tak5 & h[ s(t ! b$ :]eon he might lie if he w5t ! pleasant & conv5tional way ) himself & 8 fell[-creatures3 all ! regulations ( mank9d are turn$ to ! end t ! int5se feel+ ( life may be lo/ 9 cont9ual di/ractions4 ,n[ :y w he s /rongly *oose ! opposite1 & try to feel life1 :i* is ! same z to suff] f life8 ,because he sees t m5 w tempt him to betray himself1 & t !re is a k9d ( agreem5t to draw him f 8 d54 ,he w prick up 8 e>s & ga!r himself toge!r1 & say1 ,i w rema9 m9e own4 ,he gradually comes to und]/& :at a fe>ful decision x is4 ,= he mu/ g d[n into ! dep?s ( be+1 ) a /r+ ( curi\s que/ions on 8 lips--,:y am ,i alive8 :at lesson h ,i to le>n f life8 h[ h ,i become :at ,i am1 & :y d ,i suff] 9 ?is exi/5ce8 ,he is tr\bl$1 & sees t no "o is tr\bl$ 9 ! same way2 b r t ! h&s ( 8 fell[-m5 are passionately /ret*$ out t[>ds ! fanta/ic drama ( ! political !atre1 or !y !mselves are tread+ ! bo>ds "u _m disguises1 y\?s1 m5 & graybe>ds1 fa!rs1 citiz5s1 prie/s1 m]*ants & (ficials1--busy ) ! com$y !y are all play+1 & nev] ?9k+ ( _! own selves4 ,to ! "q ,to :at end do/ ?\ live8 !y w\ld all imm$iately answ]1 ) pride1 ,to become a good citiz5 or pr(essor or /atesman1--& yet !y are some?+ :i* c nev] be *ang$3 & :y are !y j--?is8 ,ah1 & :y no?+ bett]8 ,! man :o only reg>ds 8 life z a mom5t 9 ! evolution ( a race or a /ate or a sci5ce1 & w belong m]ely to a hi/ory ( becom+1 has n und]/ood ! lesson ( exi/5ce1 & mu/ le>n x ov] aga94 ,?is et]nal becom+ some?+ is a ly+ puppet-%[1 9 :i* man has =got himself2 x is ! =ce t scatt]s individuality to ! f\r w9ds1 ! et]nal *ildi% game t ! big baby "t is play+ 9 front ( u--& ) u4 ,! h]oism ( s9c]ity lies 9 ceas+ to be ! play?+ ( "t4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ! process ( becom+ is a holl[ %am1 contemptible & %all[3 man c only f9d ! solution ( 8 riddle 9 be+ some?+ def9ite & un*angeable4 ,he beg9s to te/ h[ deep bo? becom+ & be+ are root$ 9 him--& a fe>ful task is be=e 8 s\l2 to de/roy ! fir/1 & br+ all ! falsity ( ?+s to ! light4 ,he wi%es to "k ev]y?+1 n to fe$ a delicate ta/e1 l ,goe!'s man1 to take delight1 f a safe place 9 ! multiplicity ( exi/5ce3 b he himself is ! fir/ sacrifice t he br+s4 ,! h]oic man does n ?9k ( 8 happ9ess or mis]y1 8 virtues or 8 vices1 or ( 8 be+ ! measure ( ?+s2 he has no fur!r hopes ( himself & w accept ! utt] consequ5ces ( 8 hopelessness4 ,8 /r5g? lies 9 8 self-=getfulness3 if he h a ?\ght = himself1 x is only to measure ! va/ di/ance betwe5 himself & 8 aim1 & to view :at he has left beh9d him z s mu* dross4 ,! old philosoph]s s\ght = happ9ess & tru?1 ) all _! /r5g?3 & !re is an evil pr9ciple 9 nature t n "o %all f9d t :i* he _c help seek+4 ,b ! man :o looks = a lie 9 ev]y?+1 & becomes a will+ fri5d to unhapp9ess1 %all h a m>vell\s disillusion+3 !re hov]s ne> him some?+ unutt]able1 ( :i* tru? & happ9ess are b idolatr\s images born ( ! night2 ! e>? loses h] dragg+ weight1 ! ev5ts & p[]s ( e>? become z a dream1 & a gradual cle>ness wid5s r\nd him l a summ] ev5+4 ,x is z ?\gh ! behold] ( ^! ?+s began to wake1 & x _h only be5 ! cl\ds ( a pass+ dream t _h be5 weav+ ab\t him4 ,!y w at "s "t disappe>3 & !n w x be day4 ,v4 ,b ,i h promis$ to speak ( ,s*op5hau]1 z f> z my exp]i5ce goes1 z an educator1 & x is f> f be+ suffici5t to pa9t ! ideal humanity :i* is ! ,platonic idea 9 ,s*op5hau]2 especially z my repres5tation is an imp]fect "o4 ,! mo/ difficult task rema9s2--to say h[ a new circle ( duties may spr+ f ?is ideal1 & h[ "o c reconcile su* a transc5d5t aim ) ord9>y action2 to prove1 9 %ort1 t ! ideal is educative4 ,"o might o!rwise ?9k x to be m]ely ! blissful or intoxicat+ vision ( a few r>e mom5ts1 t leaves u aft]w>ds ! prey ( a deep] disappo9tm5t4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! ideal beg9s to affect u 9 ?is way :5 we come sudd5ly to di/+ui% light & d>kness1 bliss & abhorr5ce2 ?is is an exp]i5ce t is z old z ideals !mselves4 ,b we ought n to /& 9 ! doorway = long2 we %\ld soon leave ! fir/ /ages1 & ask ! "q1 s]i\sly & def9itely1 ,is x possible to br+ t incr$ibly high aim s ne> u1 t x %\ld educate u1 or 'lead u out1' z well z lead u upw>d8--9 ord] t ! great words ( ,goe! be n fulfill$ 9 our case--,man is born to a /ate ( limitation3 he c und]/& ends t are simple1 pres5t & def9ite1 & is accu/om$ to make use ( means t are ne> to 8 h&2 b z soon z he comes into ! op51 he kn[s nei!r :at he wi%es nor :at he ought to d1 & x is all "o :e!r he be confus$ by ! multitude ( objects or set beside himself by _! greatness & importance4 ,x is always 8 mis=tune to be l$ to /rive aft] some?+ :i* he _c atta9 by any ord9>y activity ( 8 own4 ,! objection c be made ) app>5t reason aga9/ ,s*op5hau]'s man1 t 8 greatness & dignity c only turn our heads1 & put u beyond all community ) ! active m5 ( ! _w3 ! common r\nd ( duties1 ! noiseless t5or ( life has disappe>$4 ,"o man may possibly get accu/om$ to liv+ 9 a reluctant dualism1 t is1 9 a contradiction ) himself2-- becom+ un/able1 daily weak] & less productive3--:ile ano!r w r5\nce all action on pr9ciple1 & sc>cely endure to see o!rs active4 ,! dang] is always great :5 a man is too heavy-lad51 & _c really accompli% any duties4 ,/rong] natures may be brok5 by x2 ! weak]1 :i* are ! majority1 s9k into a speculative laz9ess1 & at la/1 f _! laz9ess1 lose ev5 ! p[] ( speculation4 ,) reg>d to su* objections1 ,i w admit t our "w has h>dly begun1 & s f> z ,i "k1 ,i only see "o ?+ cle>ly & def9itely--t x is possible = t ideal picture to provide y & me ) a *a9 ( duties t may be accompli%$2 & "s ( u already feel its pressure4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to be able to speak 9 pla9 language ( ! =mula "u :i* ,i may ga!r ! new circle ( duties1 ,i mu/ beg9 ) ! foll[+ consid]ations4 ,! deep] m9ds ( all ages h _h pity = animals1 because !y suff] f life & h n ! p[] to turn ! /+ ( ! suff]+ aga9/ !mselves1 & und]/& _! be+ metaphysically4 ,! sight ( bl9d suff]+ is ! spr+ ( ! deepe/ emotion4 ,& 9 _m qu>t]s ( ! e>? m5 h suppos$ t ! s\ls ( ! guilty h ent]$ into bea/s1 & t ! bl9d suff]+ :i* at fir/ sight calls = su* pity has a cle> mean+ & purpose to ! div9e ju/ice1--( puni%m5t & atonem5t3 & a heavy puni%m5t x is1 to be condemn$ to live 9 hung] & ne$1 9 ! %ape ( a bea/1 & to rea* no consci\sness ( "o's self 9 ?is life4 ,i c ?9k ( no h>d] lot ?an ! wild bea/'s2 he is driv5 to ! =e/ by ! fi]ce pang ( hung]1 t seldom leaves him at peace2 & peace is itself a torm5t1 ! surfeit aft] horrid food1 won1 maybe1 by a deadly fight ) o!r animals4 ,to cl+ to life1 bl9dly & madly1 ) no o!r aim1 to be ignorant ( ! reason1 or ev5 ! fact1 ( "o's puni%m5t1 nay1 to ?ir/ aft] x z if x 7 a pleasure1 ) all ! p]v]t$ desire ( a fool--?is is :at x means to be an animal4 ,if univ]sal nature leads up to man1 x is to %[ u t he is necess>y to r$eem h] f ! curse ( ! bea/'s life1 & t 9 him exi/5ce c f9d a mirror ( itself :]e9 life appe>s1 no long] bl9d1 b 9 its real metaphysical significance4 ,b we %\ld consid] :]e ! bea/ ends & ! man beg9s--! man1 ! "o conc]n ( ,nature4 ,z long z any "o desires life z a pleasure 9 itself1 he has n rais$ 8 eyes above ! horizon ( ! bea/2 he only desires m consci\sly :at ! bea/ seeks by a bl9d impulse4 ,x is s ) u all1 = ! great] "p ( our lives4 ,we d n %ake (f ! bea/1 b are bea/s ourselves1 suff]+ we "k n :at4 ,b !re are mom5ts :5 we d "k2 & !n ! cl\ds break1 & we see h[1 ) ! re/ ( nature1 we are /ra9+ t[>ds ! man1 z to some?+ t /&s high above u4 ,we look r\nd & beh9d u1 & fe> ! sudd5 ru% ( light2 ! bea/s are transfigur$1 & ourselves ) !m4 ,! enorm\s migrations ( mank9d 9 ! wild]nesses ( ! _w1 ! cities !y f\nd & ! w>s !y wage1 _! ceaseless ga!r+s & disp]sions & fusions1 ! doctr9es !y bl9dly foll[1 _! mutual frauds & deceits1 ! cry ( di/ress1 ! %riek ( victory--are all a cont9uation ( ! bea/ 9 u3 z if ! education ( man has be5 int5tionally set back1 & 8 promise ( self-consci\sness fru/rat$2 z if1 9 fact1 aft] ye>n+ = man s long1 & at la/ rea*+ him by h] lab\r1 ,nature %\ld n[ recoil f him & wi% to return to a /ate ( unconsci\s in/9ct4 ,ah6 %e has ne$ ( k1 & %r9ks be=e ! v k %e ne$s3 ! flame flick]s un/eadily & fe>s its own brightness1 & takes hold ( a ?\s& ?+s be=e ! "o ?+ = :i* k is necess>y4 ,!re are mom5ts :5 we all "k t our mo/ elaborate arrangem5ts are only design$ to give u refuge f our real task 9 life2 we wi% to hide our heads some:]e z if our ,argus-ey$ consci5ce c\ld n f9d u out2 we are quick to s5d our he>ts on /ate-s]vice1 or money-mak+1 or social duties1 or sci5tific "w1 9 ord] to possess !m no long] ourselves2 we are m will+ & in/9ctive slaves ( ! h>d day's "w ?an m]e liv+ requires1 because x seems to u m necess>y n to be 9 a position to ?9k4 ,! hurry is univ]sal1 because e "o is flee+ be=e himself2 its concealm5t is j z univ]sal1 z we wi% to seem cont5t$ & hide our wret*$ness f ! ke5] eyes2 & s !re is a common ne$ = a new c>illon ( words to hang 9 ! temple ( life1 & peal = its noisy fe/ival4 ,we all "k ! curi\s way 9 :i* unpleasant memories sudd5ly ?rong on u1 & h[ we d our be/ by l\d talk & viol5t ge/ures to put !m out ( our m9ds2 b ! ge/ures & ! talk ( our ord9>y life make "o ?9k we are all 9 ?is condition1 fright5$ ( any memory or any inw>d gaze4 ,:at is x t is always tr\bl+ u8 :at is ! gnat t w n let u sleep8 ,!re are spirits all ab\t u1 ea* mom5t ( life has some?+ to say to u1 b we w n li/5 to ! _s-voices4 ,:5 we are quiet & alone1 we fe> t some?+ w be :isp]$ 9 our e>s1 & s we hate ! quiet1 & dull our s5ses 9 society4 ,we und]/& ?is sometimes1 z ,i say1 & /& amaz$ at ! :irl & ! ru% & ! anxiety & all ! dream t we call our life2 we seem to fe> ! awak5+1 & our dreams too become vivid & re/less1 z ! awak5+ draws ne>4 ,b we feel z well t we are too weak to endure long ^? intimate mom5ts1 & t we are n ! m5 to :om univ]sal nature looks z h] r$eem]s4 ,x is some?+ to be able to raise our heads b = a mom5t & see ! /ream 9 :i* we are sunk s deep4 ,we _c ga9 ev5 ?is transitory mom5t ( awak5+ by our own /r5g?2 we mu/ be lift$ up--& :o are !y t w uplift u8 ,! s9c]e m5 :o h ca/ out ! bea/1 ! philosoph]s1 arti/s & sa9ts4 ,nature--qu nunquam facit saltum--has made h] "o leap 9 creat+ !m2 a leap ( joy1 z %e feels h]self = ! fir/ "t at h] goal1 :]e %e beg9s to see t %e mu/ le>n n to h goals above h]1 & t %e has play$ ! game ( transition too long4 ,! k transfigures h]1 & !re re/s on h] face ! g5tle we>9ess ( ev5+ t m5 call beauty4 ,h] words aft] ?is transfiguration are z a great light %$ ov] exi/5ce3 & ! highe/ wi% t mortals c rea* is to li/5 cont9ually to h] voice ) e>s t he>4 ,if a man ?9k ( all t ,s*op5hau]1 = example1 mu/ h he>d 9 8 life1 he may well say to himself--,! deaf e>s1 ! feeble und]/&+ & %runk5 he>t1 ev]y?+ t ,i call m9e1--h[ ,i despise !m6 ,n to be able to fly b only to flutt] "o's w+s6 ,to look above "o's self & h no p[] to rise6 ,to "k ! road t leads to ! wide vision ( ! philosoph]1 & to reel back aft] a few /eps6 ,7 !re b "o day :5 ! great wi% might be fulfill$1 h[ gladly w\ld we pay = x ) ! re/ ( life6 ,to rise z high z any ?9k] yet into ! pure icy air ( ! m\nta91 :]e !re are no mi/s & veils1 & ! inn] con/itution ( ?+s is %[n 9 a />k & pi]c+ cl>ity6 ,ev5 by ?9k+ ( ?is ! s\l becomes inf9itely alone2 b 7 its wi% fulfill$1 did its glance once fall /raight z a ray ( light on ! ?+s bel[1 7 %ame & anxiety & desire gone = ev]--"o c\ld f9d no words = its /ate !n1 = ! my/ic & tranquil emotion ) :i*1 l ! s\l ( ,s*op5hau]1 x w\ld look d[n on ! mon/r\s hi]oglyphics ( exi/5ce & ! petrifi$ doctr9es ( becom+2 n z ! brood+ night1 b z ! r$ & gl[+ day t /reams ov] ! e>?4 ,& :at a de/9y x is only to "k en\gh ( ! fixity & happ9ess ( ! philosoph] to feel ! complete unfixity & unhapp9ess ( ! false philosoph]1 ':o )\t hope lives 9 desire'3 to "k "o's self to be ! fruit ( a tree t is too mu* 9 ! %ade ev] to rip51 & to see a _w ( sun%9e 9 front1 :]e "o may n g6 ,!re 7 sorr[ en\gh "h1 if ev]1 to make su* a man envi\s & spiteful3 b he w turn aside1 t he may n de/roy 8 s\l by a va9 aspiration2 & w discov] a new circle ( duties4 ,i c n[ give an answ] to ! "q :e!r x be possible to approa* ! great ideal ( ,s*op5hau]'s man by any ord9>y activity ( our own4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! new duties are c]ta9ly n ^? ( a h]mit2 !y imply r a va/ community1 held toge!r n by ext]nal =ms b by a fundam5tal idea1 namely t ( culture2 ?\gh only s f> z x c put a s+le task be=e ea* ( u--to br+ ! philosoph]1 ! arti/ & ! sa9t1 )9 & )\t u1 to ! light1 & to /rive !reby = ! completion ( ,nature4 ,= ,nature ne$s ! arti/1 z %e ne$s ! philosoph]1 = a metaphysical end1 ! explanation ( h]self1 :]eby %e may h a cle> & %>p picture ( :at %e only saw dimly 9 ! tr\bl$ p]iod ( transition1--& s may rea* self-consci\sness4 ,goe!1 9 an arrogant yet pr(\nd phrase1 %[$ h[ all ,nature's attempts only h value 9 s f> z ! arti/ int]prets h] /amm]+ words1 meets h] half-way1 & speaks al\d :at %e really means4 ,i h (t5 said1 & w (t5 repeat1 he exclaims 9 "o place1 ! causa f9alis ( natural & human activity is dramatic poetry4 ,o!rwise ! /uff is ( no use at all4 ,f9ally1 ,nature ne$s ! sa9t4 ,9 him ! ego has melt$ away1 & ! suff]+ ( 8 life is1 practically1 no long] felt z individual1 b z ! spr+ ( ! deepe/ sympa?y & intimacy ) all liv+ creatures3 he sees ! wond]ful trans=mation sc5e t ! com$y ( becom+ nev] rea*es1 ! atta9m5t1 at l5g?1 ( ! high /ate ( man aft] :i* all nature is /riv+1 t %e may be deliv]$ f h]self4 ,)\t d\bt1 we all /& 9 close relation to him1 z well z to ! philosoph] & ! arti/3 !re are mom5ts1 sp>ks f ! cle> fire ( love1 9 ^: light we und]/& ! ^w ,i no long]2 !re is some?+ beyond our be+ t comes1 = ^? mom5ts1 to ! hi!r side ( x3 & ?is is :y we long 9 our he>ts = a bridge f "h to !re4 ,9 our ord9>y /ate we c d no?+ t[>ds ! production ( ! new r$eem]1 & s we hate ourselves 9 ?is /ate ) a hatr$ t is ! root ( ! pessimism :i* ,s*op5hau] _h to tea* aga9 to our age1 ?\gh x is z old z ! aspiration aft] culture4--,its root1 n its fl[]2 ! f\ndation1 n ! summit2 ! beg9n+ ( ! road1 n ! end3 = we h to le>n at "s "t to hate some?+ else1 m univ]sal ?an our own p]sonality ) its wret*$ limitation1 its *ange & its unre/--& ?is w be :5 we %all le>n to love some?+ else ?an we c love n[4 ,:5 we are ourselves receiv$ into t high ord] ( philosoph]s1 arti/s & sa9ts1 9 ?is life or a re9c>nation ( x1 a new object = our love & hate w also rise be=e u4 ,z x is1 we h our task & our circle ( duties1 our hates & our loves4 ,= we "k t culture requires u to make ready = ! com+ ( ! ,s*op5hau] man2--& ?is is ! use we are to make ( him2--we mu/ "k :at ob/acles !re are & /rike !m f our pa?--9 fact1 wage unceas+ w> aga9/ ev]y?+ t h9d]$ our fulfilm5t1 & prev5t$ u f becom+ ,s*op5hau]'s m5 ourselves4 ,,vi4 ,x is sometimes h>d] to agree to a ?+ ?an to und]/& x2 _m w feel ?is :5 !y consid] ! proposition--,mank9d mu/ toil unceas+ly to br+ =? individual great m53 ?is & no?+ else is its task4 ,"o w\ld l to apply to society & its ends a fact t holds univ]sally 9 ! animal & vegetable _w2 :]e progress dep5ds only on ! high] individual types1 :i* are r>]1 yet m p]si/5t1 complex & productive4 ,b traditional notions ( :at ! end ( society is1 absolutely b> ! way4 ,we c easily und]/& h[ 9 ! natural _w1 :]e "o species passes at "s po9t into a high] "o1 ! aim ( _! evolution _c be held to lie 9 ! high level atta9$ by ! mass1 or 9 ! late/ types develop$2--b r 9 :at seem accid5tal be+s produc$ "h & !re by fav\rable circum/ances4 ,x %\ld be j z easy to und]/& t x is ! duty ( mank9d to provide ! circum/ances fav\rable to ! bir? ( ! new r$eem]1 simply because m5 c h a consci\sness ( _! object4 ,b !re is always some?+ to prev5t !m4 ,!y f9d _! ultimate aim 9 ! happ9ess ( all1 or ! greate/ numb]1 or 9 ! expansion ( a great commonweal?4 ,a man w v readily decide to sacrifice 8 life = ! /ate2 he w be mu* sl[] to respond if an individual1 & n a /ate1 ask = ! sacrifice4 ,x seems to be out ( reason t "o man %\ld exi/ = ! sake ( ano!r3 ,let x be r = ! sake ( e o!r1 or1 at any rate1 ( z _m z possible6 ,o upright judge6 ,z if x 7 m 9 reason to let ! majority decide a "q ( value & significance6 ,= ! problem is--,9 :at way may y\r life1 ! individual life1 reta9 ! highe/ value & ! deepe/ significance8 & h[ may x lea/ be squ&]$8 ,only by y\r liv+ = ! good ( ! r>e/ & mo/ valuable types1 n = t ( ! majority1--:o are ! mo/ wor?less types1 tak5 z individuals4 ,?is way ( ?9k+ %\ld be implant$ & fo/]$ 9 e "y man's m9d3 he %\ld reg>d himself bo? z a failure ( ,nature's h&iwork & a te/imony to h] l>g] ideas4 ,%e has succe$$ badly1 he %\ld say2 b ,i w d hon\r to h] great idea by be+ a means to its bett] success4 ,) ^! ?\ghts he w ent] ! circle ( culture1 :i* is ! *ild ( e man's self-k & dissatisfaction4 ,he w approa* & say al\d3 ,i see some?+ above me1 high] & m human ?an ,i3 let all help me to rea* x1 z ,i w help all :o "k & suff] z ,i d1 t ! man may arise at la/ :o feels 8 k & love1 vision & p[]1 to be complete & b\ndless1 :o 9 8 univ]sality is "o ) nature1 ! critic & judge ( exi/5ce4 ,x is difficult to give any "o ?is c\rage\s self-consci\sness1 because x is impossible to tea* love2 f love alone ! s\l ga9s1 n only ! cle> vision t leads to self-contempt1 b also ! desire to look to a high] self :i* is yet hidd51 & /rive upw>d to x ) all its /r5g?4 ,& s he :o re/s 8 hope on a future great man1 receives 8 fir/ initiation into culture4 ,! sign ( ?is is %ame or vexation at "o's self1 a hatr$ ( "o's own n>r[ness1 a sympa?y ) ! g5ius t ev] raises its head aga9 f our mi/y wa/es1 a feel+ = all t is /ruggl+ into life1 ! conviction t ,nature mu/ be help$ 9 h] h\r ( ne$ to press =w>d to ! man1 h[ev] ill %e seem to prosp]1 :atev] success may att5d h] m>vell\s =ms & projects3 s t ! m5 ) :om we live are l ! dbris ( "s preci\s sculptures1 :i* cry out--,come & help u6 ,put u toge!r1 = we long to become complete4 ,i call$ ?is inw>d condition ! fir/ initiation into culture4 ,i h n[ to describe ! effects ( ! second initiation1 a task ( great] difficulty4 ,x is ! passage f ! inn] life to ! criticism ( ! out] life4 ,! eye mu/ be turn$ to f9d 9 ! great _w ( movem5t ! desire = culture t is kn[n f ! imm$iate exp]i5ce ( ! individual2 :o mu/ use 8 own /riv+s & aspirations z ! alphabet to int]pret ^? ( humanity4 ,he _c re/ "h ei!r1 b mu/ g high]4 ,culture dem&s f him n only t inn] exp]i5ce1 n only ! criticism ( ! out] _w surr\nd+ him1 b action too to cr[n !m all1 ! fight = culture aga9/ ! influ5ces & conv5tions & in/itutions :]e he _c f9d 8 own aim1--! production ( g5ius4 ,any "o :o c rea* ! second /ep1 w see h[ extremely r>e & imp]ceptible ! k ( t end is1 ?\gh all m5 busy !mselves ) culture & exp5d va/ lab\r 9 h] s]vice4 ,he asks himself 9 amazem5t--,is n su* k1 aft] all1 absolutely necess>y8 ,c ,nature be said to atta9 h] end1 if m5 h a false idea ( ! aim ( _! own lab\r8 ,& any "o :o ?9ks a great deal ( ,nature's unconsci\s adaptation ( means to ends1 w probably answ] at once3 ,yes1 m5 may ?9k & speak :at !y l ab\t _! ultimate end1 _! bl9d in/9ct w tell !m ! "r road4 ,x requires "s exp]i5ce ( life to be able to contradict ?is3 b let a man be conv9c$ ( ! real aim ( culture--! production ( ! true man & no?+ else2--let him consid] t amid all ! pageantry & o/5tation ( culture at ! pres5t "t ! conditions = 8 production are no?+ b a cont9ual battle ( ! bea/s3 & he w see t !re is great ne$ = a consci\s w to take ! place ( t bl9d in/9ct4 ,!re is ano!r reason also2--to prev5t ! possibility ( turn+ ?is obscure impulse to q diff]5t ends1 9 a direction :]e our highe/ aim c no long] be atta9$4 ,= we mu/ bew>e ( a c]ta9 k9d ( misappli$ & p>asitical culture2 ! p[]s at pres5t mo/ active 9 its propagation h o!r ca/s ( ?\ght t prev5t _! relation to culture f be+ pure & dis9t]e/$4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is ! self-int]e/ ( ! bus9ess m54 ,?is ne$s ! help ( culture1 & helps h] 9 return1 ?\gh at ! price ( prescrib+ h] ends & limits4 ,& _! fav\rite sorites is3 ,we mu/ h z mu* k & education z possible2 ?is implies z great a ne$ z possible = x1 ?is aga9 z mu* production1 ?is aga9 z mu* mat]ial weal? & happ9ess z possible4--,?is is ! s$uctive =mula4 ,its prea*]s w\ld def9e education z ! insight t makes man ?r\gh & ?r\gh a *ild ( 8 age 9 8 desires & _! satisfaction1 & gives him comm& ov] ! be/ means ( mak+ money4 ,its aim w\ld be to make curr5t m51 9 ! same s5se z "o speaks ( ! curr5cy 9 money2 & 9 _! view1 ! m curr5t m5 !re are1 ! happi] ! p4 ,! object ( mod]n educational sy/ems is !re=e to make ea* man z curr5t z 8 nature w all[ him1 & to give him ! opportunity = ! greate/ am\nt ( success & happ9ess t c be got f 8 p>ticul> /ock ( k4 ,he is requir$ to h j s mu* idea ( 8 own value 7?r\gh 8 lib]al education7 z to "k :at he c ask ( life2 & he is assur$ t a natural & necess>y connection betwe5 intellig5ce & prop]ty n only exi/s1 b is also a moral necessity4 ,all education is dete/$ t makes = lonel9ess1 & has an aim above money-mak+1 & requires a long "t3 m5 look askance on su* s]i\s education1 z m]e ref9$ egoism or immoral ,epicureanism4 ,! conv]se ( c\rse holds1 accord+ to ! ord9>y morality1 t education mu/ be soon ov] to all[ ! pursuit ( money to be soon begun1 & %\ld be j ?or\gh en\gh to all[ ( mu* money be+ made4 ,! am\nt ( education is det]m9$ by comm]cial int]e/s4 ,9 %ort1 man has a necess>y claim to worldly happ9ess2 only = t reason is education necess>y4 ,!re is1 secondly1 ! self-int]e/ ( ! /ate1 :i* requires ! greate/ possible bread? & univ]sality ( culture1 & has ! mo/ effective weapons to c>ry out its wi%es4 ,if x be firmly en\gh e/abli%$ n only to initiate b control education & be> its :ole weight1 su* bread? w m]ely pr(it ! competition ( ! /ate ) o!r /ates4 ,a highly civilis$ /ate g5]ally implies1 at ! pres5t "t1 ! task ( sett+ free ! spiritual =ces ( a g5]ation j s f> z !y may be ( use to ! exi/+ in/itutions1--z a m\nta9 /ream is split up by embankm5ts & *annels1 & its dim9i%$ p[] made to drive mill-:eels1 its full /r5g? be+ m dang]\s ?an useful to ! mills4 ,& ?us sett+ free comes to mean r *a9+ up4 ,comp>e1 = example1 :at ! self-int]e/ ( ! /ate has done = ,*ri/ianity4 ,*ri/ianity is "o ( ! pure/ manife/ations ( ! impulse t[>ds culture & ! production ( ! sa9t3 b be+ us$ 9 c\ntless ways to turn ! mills ( ! /ate au?orities1 x gradually became sick at he>t1 hypocritical & deg5]ate1 & 9 antagonism ) its orig9al aim4 ,its la/ phase1 ! ,g]man ,re=mation1 w\ld h be5 no?+ b a sudd5 flick]+ ( its dy+ flame1 _h x n tak5 new /r5g? & light f ! cla% & conflagration ( /ates4 ,9 ! ?ird place1 culture w be fav\r$ by all ^? p :o "k _! own "* to be (f5sive or tiresome1 & wi% to draw a veil ( s-call$ good =m ov] !m4 ,words1 ge/ures1 dress1 etiquette1 & su* ext]nal ?+s1 are meant to produce a false impression1 ! inn] side to be judg$ f ! out]4 ,i sometimes ?9k t mod]n m5 are et]nally bor$ ) ea* o!r & look to ! arts to make !m int]e/+4 ,!y let _! arti/s make sav\ry & invit+ di%es ( !m2 !y /eep !mselves 9 ! spices ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/1 & h a v int]e/+ aroma aft] x all4 ,!y are ready to suit all palates3 & e "o w be s]v$1 :e!r he want some?+ ) a good or bad ta/e1 some?+ sublime or co>se1 ,greek or ,*9ese1 trag$y or gutt]-drama4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ *efs among ! mod]ns :o wi% to int]e/ & be int]e/$ at any price1 are ! ,fr5*2 ! wor/ are ! ,g]mans4 ,?is is really m com=t+ = ! latt]1 & we h no reason to m9d ! ,fr5* despis+ u = our want ( int]e/1 elegance & polit5ess1 & be+ rem9d$ ( ! ,indian :o longs = a r+ ?r\gh 8 nose1 & !n proce$s to tattoo himself4 ,"h ,i mu/ digress a little4 ,_m ?+s 9 ,g]many h evid5tly be5 alt]$ s9ce ! late w> ) ,france1 & new requirem5ts = ,g]man culture br\ght ov]4 ,! w> 0 = _m _! fir/ v5ture into ! m elegant half ( ! _w3 & :at an admirable simplicity ! conqu]or %[s 9 n scorn+ to le>n some?+ ( culture f ! conqu]$6 ,! appli$ arts especially w be re=m$ to emulate our m ref9$ neighb\rs1 ! ,g]man h\se furni%$ l ! ,fr5*1 a s\nd ta/e appli$ to ! ,g]man language by means ( an ,academy on ! ,fr5* model1 to %ake (f ! d\btful influ5ce ( ,goe!--?is is ! judgm5t ( our new ,b]l9 ,academician1 ,dubois-,raymond4 ,our !atres h be5 gradually mov+1 9 a dignifi$ way1 t[>ds ! same goal1 ev5 ! elegant ,g]man savant is n[ discov]$--& we mu/ n[ expect ev]y?+ t does n con=m to ?is law ( elegance1 our music1 trag$y & philosophy1 to be ?ru/ aside z un-,g]man4 ,b !re 7 no ne$ to raise a f+] = ,g]man culture1 did ,g]man culture 7:i* ! ,g]mans h yet to f9d7 mean no?+ b ! little am5ities t make life m decorative--includ+ ! arts ( ! danc+-ma/] & ! uphol/]]2--or 7 !y m]ely int]e/$ 9 academic rules ( language & a g5]al atmosph]e ( polit5ess4 ,! late w> & ! self-comp>ison ) ! ,fr5* d n seem to h ar\s$ any fur!r desires1 & ,i suspect t ! ,g]man has a /rong wi% = ! mom5t to be free ( ! old obligations laid on him by 8 wond]ful gifts ( s]i\sness & pr(undity4 ,he w\ld mu* r play ! buffoon & ! monkey1 & le>n ! arts t make life amus+4 ,b ! ,g]man _s _c be m di%on\r$ ?an by be+ treat$ z wax = any elegant m\ld4 ,& if1 un=tunately1 a good _m ,g]mans w all[ !mselves to be ?us m\ld$1 "o mu/ cont9ually say to !m1 till at la/ !y li/53--,! old ,g]man way is no long] y\rs3 x 0 h>d1 r\gh1 & full ( resi/ance2 b x is /ill ! mo/ valuable mat]ial--"o :i* only ! greate/ modell]s c "w )1 = !y alone are wor?y to use x4 ,:at y h 9 y n[ is a s(t pulpy /uff3 make :at y w out ( x1--elegant dolls & int]e/+ idols--,ri*>d ,wagn]'s phrase w /ill hold good1 ',! ,g]man is awkw>d & unga9ly :5 he wi%es to be polite2 he is high above all o!rs1 :5 he beg9s to take fire4' ,all ! elegant p h reason to bew>e ( ?is ,g]man fire2 x may "o day dev\r !m ) all _! wax dolls & idols4--,! prevail+ love ( good =m 9 ,g]many may h a deep] cause 9 ! brea?less seiz+ at :at ! mom5t c give1 ! ha/e t plucks ! fruit too gre51 ! race & ! /ruggle t cut ! furr[s 9 m5's br[s & /amp ! same m>k on all _! actions4 ,z if !re 7 a poison 9 !m t w\ld n let !m brea!1 !y ru% ab\t 9 disord]1 anxi\s slaves ( ! ?ree m's1 ! mom5t1 ! mode & ! mob3 !y see too well _! want ( dignity & fitness1 & ne$ a false elegance to hide _! gallop+ consumption4 ,! fa%ionable desire ( good =m is b\nd up ) a loa?+ ( man's inn] nature3 ! "o is to conceal1 ! o!r to be conceal$4 ,education means n[ ! concealm5t ( man's mis]y & wick$ness1 8 wild-bea/ qu>rels1 8 et]nal gre$1 8 %amelessness 9 fruition4 ,9 po9t+ out ! abs5ce ( a ,g]man culture1 ,i h (t5 _h ! reproa* flung at me3 ,?is abs5ce is q natural1 = ! ,g]mans h be5 too poor & mode/ up to n[4 ,once ri* & consci\s ( !mselves1 our p w h a culture too4 ,fai? may (t5 produce happ9ess1 yet ?is p>ticul> fai? makes me unhappy1 = ,i feel t ! culture ^: future raises su* hopes--! culture ( ri*es1 polit5ess1 & elegant concealm5ts-- is ! bitt]e/ foe ( t ,g]man culture 9 :i* ,i believe4 ,e "o :o has to live among ,g]mans suff]s f ! dreadful grayness & apa?y ( _! lives1 _! =mlessness1 torpor & clums9ess1 /ill m _! envy1 secretiv5ess & impurity3 he is tr\bl$ by _! innate love ( ! false & ! ignoble1 _! wret*$ mimicry & translation ( a good =eign ?+ into a bad ,g]man "o4 ,b n[ t ! fev]i% unre/1 ! que/ ( ga9 & success1 ! int5se priz+ ( ! mom5t1 is add$ to x all1 x makes "o furi\s to ?9k t all ?is sickness c nev] be cur$1 b only pa9t$ ov]1 by su* a cult ( ! int]e/+4 ,& ?is among a p t has produc$ a ,s*op5hau] & a ,wagn]6 & w produce o!rs1 unless we are bl9dly deceiv+ ourselves2 = %\ld n _! v exi/5ce be a gu>antee t su* =ces are ev5 n[ pot5tial 9 ! ,g]man _s8 ,or w !y be exceptions1 ! la/ inh]itors ( ! qualities t 7 once call$ ,g]man8 ,i c see no?+ to help me "h1 & return to my ma9 argum5t aga91 f :i* my d\bts & anxieties h made me digress4 ,i h n yet enum]at$ all ! =ces t help culture )\t recognis+ its end1 ! production ( g5ius4 ,?ree h be5 nam$2 ! self-int]e/ ( bus9ess1 ( ! /ate1 & ( ^? :o draw ! cloak ( good =m ov] !m4 ,!re is f\r?ly ! self-int]e/ ( sci5ce1 & ! peculi> nature ( h] s]vants--! le>n$4 ,sci5ce has ! same relation to wisdom z curr5t morality to hol9ess3 %e is cold & dry1 loveless1 & ignorant ( any deep feel+ ( dissatisfaction & ye>n+4 ,%e injures h] s]vants 9 help+ h]self1 = %e impresses h] own "* on !m & dries up _! humanity4 ,z long z we actually mean by culture ! progress ( sci5ce1 %e w pass by ! great suff]+ man & h>d5 h] he>t1 = sci5ce only sees ! problems ( k1 & suff]+ is some?+ ali5 & un9telligible to h] _w--?\gh no less a problem = t6 ,if "o accu/om himself to put d[n e exp]i5ce 9 a dialectical =m ( "q & answ]1 & translate x into ! language ( pure reason1 he w soon )] up & rattle 8 bones l a skeleton4 ,we all "k x3 & :y is x t ! "y d n %udd] at ^! skeletons ( m51 b give !mselves bl9dly to sci5ce )\t motive or measure8 ,x _c be ! s-call$ impulse to tru?3 = h[ c\ld !re be an impulse t[>ds a pure1 cold & objectless k8 ,! unprejudic$ eye c see ! real driv+ =ces only too pla9ly4 ,! vivisection ( ! pr(essor has mu* to recomm5d x1 z he himself is accu/om$ to f+] & analyse all ?+s--ev5 ! wor?ie/6 ,to speak hone/ly1 ! savant is a complex ( v v>i\s impulses & attractive =ces--he is a base metal ?r\gh\t4 ,take fir/ a /rong & increas+ desire = intellectual adv5ture1 ! attraction ( ! new & r>e z aga9/ ! old & t$i\s4 ,add to t a c]ta9 joy 9 nos+ ! trail ( dialectic1 & beat+ ! cov] :]e ! old fox1 ,?\ght1 lies hid2 ! desire is n s mu* = tru? z ! *ase ( tru?1 & ! *ief pleasure is 9 surr\nd+ & arti/ically kill+ x4 ,add ?irdly a love ( contradiction :]eby ! p]sonality is able to ass]t itself aga9/ all o!rs3 ! battle's ! ?+1 & ! p]sonal victory its aim1--tru? only its pretext4 ,! impulse to discov] p>ticul> tru?s plays a great "p 9 ! pr(essor1 com+ f 8 submission to def9ite rul+ p]sons1 classes1 op9ions1 *ur*es1 gov]nm5ts1 = he feels x a pr(it to himself to br+ tru? to _! side4 ,! foll[+ *>act]i/ics ( ! savant are less common1 b /ill f\nd4--,fir/ly1 d[nrightness & a feel+ = simplicity1 v valuable if m ?an a m]e awkw>dness & inability to deceive1 deception requir+ "s "m-wit4--7,actually1 we may be on our gu>d aga9/ too obvi\s clev]ness & res\rce1 & d\bt ! man's s9c]ity47--,o!rwise ?is d[nrightness is g5]ally ( little value1 & r>ely ( any use to k1 z x foll[s tradition & speaks ! tru? only 9 adiaphora2 x be+ lazi] to speak ! tru? "h ?an ignore x4 ,ev]y?+ new means some?+ to be unle>nt1 & y\r d[nright man w respect ! anci5t dogmas & accuse ! new evangeli/ ( fail+ 9 ! s5sus recti4 ,!re 0 a simil> opposition1 ) probability & cu/om on its side1 to ! !ory ( ,cop]nicus4 ,! pr(essor's frequ5t hatr$ ( philosophy is pr9cipally a hatr$ ( ! long tra9s ( reason+ & artificiality ( ! pro(s4 ,ultimately ! savants ( e age h a fix$ limit2 beyond :i* +5uity is n all[$1 & ev]y?+ suspect$ z a conspirator aga9/ hone/y4 ,secondly1 a cle> vision ( ne> objects1 comb9$ ) great %ortsight$ness = ! di/ant & univ]sal4 ,! pr(essor's range is g5]ally v small1 & 8 eye mu/ be kept close to ! object4 ,to pass f a po9t already consid]$ to ano!r1 he has to move 8 :ole optical app>atus4 ,he cuts a picture into small sections1 l a man us+ an op]a-glass 9 ! !atre1 & sees n[ a head1 n[ a bit ( ! dress1 b no?+ z a :ole4 ,! s+le sections are nev] comb9$ = him1 he only inf]s _! connection1 & consequ5tly has no /rong g5]al impression4 ,he judges a lit]>y "w1 = example1 by c]ta9 p>agraphs or s5t5ces or errors1 z he c d no?+ m2 he w be driv5 to see 9 an oil pa9t+ no?+ b a mass ( daubs4 ,?irdly1 a sob] conv5tionality 9 8 likes & dislikes4 ,?us he especially delights 9 hi/ory because he c put 8 own motives into ! actions ( ! pa/4 ,a mole is mo/ com=table 9 a mole-hill4 ,he is on 8 gu>d aga9/ all +5i\s & extravagant hypo!ses2 b digs up indu/ri\sly all ! commonplace motives ( ! pa/1 because he feels 9 sympa?y ) !m4 ,he is g5]ally q incapable ( und]/&+ & valu+ ! r>e or ! uncommon1 ! great or ! real4 ,f\r?ly1 a lack ( feel+1 :i* makes him capable ( vivisection4 ,he kn[s no?+ ( ! suff]+ t br+s k1 & does n fe> to tread :]e o!r m5 %udd]4 ,he is cold & may easily appe> cruel4 ,he is ?\ght c\rage\s1 b he is n1--any m ?an ! mule :o does n feel gidd9ess4 ,fif?ly1 diffid5ce1 or a l[ e/imate ( himself4 ,?\gh he live 9 a mis]able alley ( ! _w1 he has no s5se ( sacrifice or surr5d]2 he appe>s (t5 to "k 9 8 inmo/ he>t t he is n a fly+ b a crawl+ creature4 ,& ?is makes him seem ev5 pa!tic4 ,six?ly1 loyalty to 8 tea*]s & lead]s4 ,f 8 he>t he wi%es to help !m1 & kn[s he c d x be/ ) ! tru?4 ,he has a grateful disposition1 = he has only ga9$ admittance ?r\gh !m to ! high hall ( sci5ce2 he w\ld nev] h ent]$ by 8 own road4 ,any man to-day :o c ?r[ op5 a new prov9ce :]e 8 less] disciples c "w to "s purpose1 is fam\s at once2 s great is ! cr[d t presses aft] him4 ,^! grateful pupils are c]ta9ly a mis=tune to _! tea*]1 z !y all imitate him2 8 faults are exagg]at$ 9 _! small p]sons1 8 virtues correspond+ly dim9i%$4 ,sev5?ly1 he w foll[ ! usual road ( all ! pr(essors1 :]e a feel+ = tru? spr+s f a lack ( ideas1 & ! :eel once />t$ goes on4 ,su* natures become compil]s1 comm5tators1 mak]s ( indices & h]b>ia2 !y rummage ab\t "o special dep>tm5t because !y h nev] ?\ght !re are o!rs4 ,_! indu/ry has some?+ ( ! mon/r\s /upidity ( gravitation2 & s !y c (t5 br+ _! lab\rs to an end4 ,eigh?ly1 a dread ( ennui4 ,:ile ! true ?9k] desires no?+ m ?an leisure1 ! pr(essor fe>s x1 n kn[+ h[ x is to be us$4 ,books are 8 com=t2 he li/5s to ev]ybody's diff]5t ?\ghts & keeps himself amus$ all day4 ,he especially *ooses books ) a p]sonal relation to himself1 t make him feel "s emotion ( l or dislike2 books t h to d ) himself or 8 position1 8 political1 /hetic1 or ev5 grammatical doctr9es2 if he h ma/]$ ev5 "o bran* ( k1 ! means to flap away ! flies ( ennui w n fail him4 ,n9?ly1 ! motive ( ! bread-w9n]1 ! cry ( ! empty /oma*1 9 fact4 ,tru? is us$ z a direct means ( pref]m5t1 :5 %e c be atta9$2 or z a way to ! good graces ( ! f\nta9s ( hon\r--& bread4 ,only1 h[ev]1 9 ! s5se ( ! p>ticul> tru?3 !re is a gulf betwe5 ! pr(itable tru?s t _m s]ve1 & ! unpr(itable tru?s to :i* only ^? few p devote !mselves ^: motto is n +5ii l>gitor v5t]4 ,t5?ly1 a rev]5ce = _! fell[-pr(essors & a fe> ( _! displeasure--a high] & r>] motive ?an ! la/1 ?\gh n uncommon4 ,all ! memb]s ( ! guild are jeal\sly on gu>d1 t ! tru? :i* means s mu* bread & hon\r & position may really be baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( its discov]]4 ,! "o pays ! o!r rev]5ce = ! tru? he has f\nd1 9 ord] to exact ! toll aga9 if he %\ld f9d "o himself4 ,! ,untru?1 ! ,error is l\dly explod$1 t ! work]s may n be too _m2 "h & !re ! real tru? w be explod$ to let a few bold & /iff-neck$ errors be on %[ = a "t2 !re is nev] a lack ( moral idiosyncrasies1--=m]ly call$ rascalities4 ,elev5?ly1 ! savant = vanity1 n[ r r>e4 ,he w get a dep>tm5t = himself someh[1 & inve/igate curiosities1 especially if !y dem& unusual exp5diture1 travel1 rese>*1 or communication ) all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,he is q satisfi$ ) ! hon\r ( be+ reg>d$ z a curiosity himself1 & nev] dreams ( e>n+ a liv+ by 8 erudite /udies4 ,twelf?ly1 ! savant = amusem5t4 ,he loves to look = knots 9 k & to untie !m2 n too en]getically h[ev]1 le/ he lose ! _s ( ! game4 ,?us he does n p5etrate ! dep?s1 ?\gh he (t5 obs]ves some?+ t ! microscopic eyes ( ! bread-&-butt] sci5ti/ nev] see4 ,if ,i speak1 la/ly1 ( ! impulse t[>ds ju/ice z a fur!r motive ( ! savant1 ,i may be answ]$ t ?is noble impulse1 be+ metaphysical 9 its nature1 is too indi/+ui%able f ! re/1 & really incompreh5sible to mortal m9d2 & s ,i leave ! ?irte5? head+ ) ! pi\s wi% t ! impulse may be less r>e 9 ! pr(essor ?an x seems4 ,= a sp>k 9 8 s\l f ! fire ( ju/ice is suffici5t to irradiate & purify x1 s t he c re/ no m & is driv5 = ev] f ! cold or lukew>m condition 9 :i* mo/ ( 8 fell[s d _! daily "w4 ,all ^! elem5ts1 or a "p ( !m1 mu/ be reg>d$ z fus$ & p\nd$ toge!r1 to =m ! ,s]vant ( ,tru?4 ,= ! sake ( an absolutely inhuman ?+--m]e purposeless1 & !re=e motiveless1 k--a mass ( v human little motives h be5 *emically comb9$1 & z ! result we h ! pr(essor1--s transfigur$ 9 ! light ( t pure une>?ly object t ! mix+ & p\nd+ :i* w5t to =m him are all =gott56 ,x is v curi\s4 ,yet !re are mom5ts :5 !y mu/ be rememb]$1--:5 we h to ?9k ( ! pr(essor's significance to culture4 ,any "o ) obs]vation c see t he is 9 8 ess5ce & by 8 orig9 unproductive1 & has a natural hatr$ ( ! productive2 & ?us !re is an endless feud betwe5 ! g5ius & ! savant 9 idea & practice4 ,! latt] wi%es to kill ,nature by analys+ & compreh5d+ x1 ! =m] to increase x by a new liv+ ,nature4 ,! happy age does n ne$ or "k ! savant2 ! sick & sluggi% "t ranks him z its highe/ & wor?ie/4 ,:o 7 physician en\gh to "k ! heal? or sickness ( our "t8 ,x is cle> t ! pr(essor is valu$ too highly1 ) evil consequ5ces = ! future g5ius1 = :om he has no compassion1 m]ely a cold1 contemptu\s criticism1 a %rug ( ! %\ld]s1 z if at some?+ /range & p]v]t$ = :i* he has nei!r "t nor incl9ation4 ,& s he too kn[s no?+ ( ! aim ( culture4 ,9 fact1 all ^! consid]ations g to prove t ! aim ( culture is mo/ unkn[n precisely :]e ! int]e/ 9 x seems livelie/4 ,! /ate may trumpet z x w its s]vices to culture1 x m]ely helps culture 9 ord] to help itself1 & does n compreh5d an aim t /&s high] ?an its own well-be+ or ev5 exi/5ce4 ,! bus9ess m5 9 _! cont9ual dem& = education m]ely wi% =--bus9ess4 ,:5 ! pione]s ( good =m pret5d to be ! real help]s ( culture1 imag9+ t all art1 = example1 is m]ely to s]ve _! own ne$s1 !y are cle>ly affirm+ !mselves 9 affirm+ culture4 ,( ! savant en\gh has already be5 said4 ,all f\r are emul\sly ?9k+ h[ !y c b5efit !mselves ) ! help ( culture1 b h no ?\ghts at all :5 _! own int]e/s are n engag$4 ,& s !y h done no?+ to improve ! conditions = ! bir? ( g5ius 9 mod]n times2 & ! opposition to orig9al m5 has gr[n s f> t no ,socrates c\ld ev] live among u1 & c]ta9ly c\ld nev] rea* ! age ( sev5ty4 ,i rememb] say+ 9 ! ?ird *apt] t our :ole mod]n _w 0 n s /able t "o c\ld prophesy an et]nal life to its conception ( culture4 ,x is likely t ! next mill5nium may rea* two or ?ree new ideas t might well make ! hair ( our pres5t g5]ation /& on end4 ,! belief 9 ! metaphysical significance ( culture w\ld n be su* a horrify+ ?+1 b its effects on educational me?ods might be s4 ,x requires a totally new attitude ( m9d to be able to look away f ! pres5t educational in/itutions to ! /rangely diff]5t ones t w be necess>y = ! second or ?ird g5]ation4 ,at pres5t ! lab\rs ( high] education produce m]ely ! savant or ! (ficial or ! bus9ess man or ! ,phili/9e or1 m commonly1 a mixture ( all f\r2 & ! future in/itutions w h a h>d] task2--n 9 itself h>d]2 z x is really m natural1 & s easi]2 & fur!r1 c\ld any?+ be h>d] ?an to make a y\? into a savant aga9/ nature1 z n[ happ5s8--,b ! difficulty lies 9 unle>n+ :at we "k & sett+ up a new aim2 x w be an endless tr\ble to *ange ! fundam5tal idea ( our pres5t educational sy/em1 t has its roots 9 ! ,middle ,ages & reg>ds ! m$ival savant z ! ideal type ( culture4 ,x is already "t to put ^! objects be=e u2 = "s g5]ation mu/ beg9 ! battle1 ( :i* a lat] g5]ation w reap ! victory4 ,! solit>y man :o has und]/ood ! new fundam5tal idea ( culture is at ! p>t+ ( ! ways2 on ! "o he w be welcom$ by 8 age1 laurels & rew>ds w be 81 p[]ful p>ties w uphold him1 he w h z _m 9 sympa?y beh9d him z 9 front1 & :5 ! lead] speaks ! ^w ( deliv]ance1 x w e*o ?r\gh all ! ranks4 ,! fir/ duty is to fight 9 l9e1 ! second to treat z foes all :o w n fall 94 ,on ! o!r way he w f9d few] companions2 x is /eep] & m tortu\s4 ,! travell]s on ! fir/ road laugh at him1 z 8 way is ! m tr\blesome & dang]\s2 & !y try to entice him ov]4 ,if ! two ways cross1 he is ill-treat$1 ca/ aside or left alone4 ,:at significance has any p>ticul> =m ( culture = ^! sev]al travell]s8 ,! enorm\s ?rong t press to _! end on ! fir/ road1 und]/& by x ! laws & in/itutions t enable !m to g =w>d 9 regul> fa%ion & rule out all ! solit>y & ob/9ate p :o look t[>ds high] & remot] objects4 ,to ! small company on ! o!r road x has q a diff]5t (fice3 !y wi% to gu>d !mselves1 by means ( a /rong organisation1 f be+ swept away by ! ?rong1 to prev5t _! individual memb]s f fa9t+ on ! way or turn+ 9 _s f _! great task4 ,^! solit>y m5 mu/ f9i% _! "w2 t is :y !y %\ld all hold toge!r2 & ^? :o h _! "p 9 ! s*eme w take ?\ght to prep>e !mselves ) ev]-increas+ purity ( aim = ! bir? ( ! g5ius1 & ensure t ! "t be ripe = him4 ,_m are de/9$ to help on ! lab\r1 ev5 among ! second-rate tal5ts1 & x is only 9 submission to su* a de/9y t !y c feel !y are liv+ = a duty1 & h a mean+ & an object 9 _! lives4 ,b at pres5t ^! tal5ts are be+ turn$ f ! road _! in/9ct has *os5 by ! s$uctive tones ( ! fa%ionable culture1 t plays on _! selfi% side1 _! vanities & weaknesses2 & ! "t-_s ev] :isp]s 9 _! e>s its flatt]+ c\nsel3--,foll[ me & g n ?i!r6 ,!re y are only s]vants & tools1 ov]-%ad[$ by high] natures ) no scope = y\r own1 drawn by ?reads1 hung ) fett]s1 slaves & automatons4 ,) me y may enjoy y\r true p]sonality1 & be ma/]s1 y\r tal5ts may %9e ) _! own light1 & y\rselves /& 9 ! front ranks ) an imm5se foll[+ r\nd y2 & ! acclamation ( public op9ion w rejoice y m ?an a w&]+ brea? ( approval s5t d[n f ! cold e!real heights ( g5ius4 ,ev5 ! be/ m5 are sn>$ by su* allurem5ts1 & ! ultimate diff]5ce comes n s mu* f ! r>ity & p[] ( _! tal5t1 z ! influ5ce ( a c]ta9 h]oic disposition at ! base ( !m1 & an inn] feel+ ( k9%ip ) g5ius4 ,= !re are m5 :o feel x z _! own mis]y :5 !y see ! g5ius 9 pa9ful toil & /ruggle1 9 dang] ( self-de/ruction1 or neglect$ by ! %ort-sight$ selfi%ness ( ! /ate1 ! sup]ficiality ( ! bus9ess m51 & ! cold arrogance ( ! pr(essors2 & ,i hope !re may be "s to und]/& :at ,i mean by my sket* ( ,s*op5hau]'s de/9y1 & to :at end ,s*op5hau] c really educate4 ,,vii4 ,b sett+ aside all ?\ghts ( any educational revolution 9 ! di/ant future2--:at provision is requir$ n[1 t our future philosoph] may h ! be/ *ance ( op5+ 8 eyes to a life l ,s*op5hau]'s--h>d z x is1 yet /ill livable8 ,:at1 fur!r1 mu/ be discov]$ t may make 8 influ5ce on 8 contempor>ies m c]ta98 ,& :at ob/acles mu/ be remov$ be=e 8 example c h its full effect & ! philosoph] tra9 ano!r philosoph]8 ,"h we desc5d to be practical4 ,nature always desires ! greate/ utility1 b does n und]/& h[ to f9d ! be/ & h&ie/ means to h] end2 t is h] great sorr[1 & ! cause ( h] melan*oly4 ,! impulse t[>ds h] own r$emption %[s cle>ly h] wi% to give m5 a significant exi/5ce by ! g5]ation ( ! philosoph] & ! arti/3 b h[ uncle> & weak is ! effect %e g5]ally obta9s ) h] arti/s & philosoph]s1 & h[ seldom is !re any effect at all6 ,%e is especially p]plex$ 9 h] ef=ts to make ! philosoph] useful2 h] me?ods are casual & t5tative1 h] failures innum]able2 mo/ ( h] philosoph]s nev] t\* ! common good ( mank9d at all4 ,h] actions seem ^? ( a sp5d?rift2 b ! cause lies 9 no prodigal luxury1 b 9 h] inexp]i5ce4 ,7 %e human1 %e w\ld probably nev] cease to be dissatisfi$ ) h]self & h] bungl+4 ,nature %oots ! philosoph] at mank9d l an arr[2 %e does n aim1 b hopes t ! arr[ w /ick some:]e4 ,%e makes c\ntless mi/akes t give h] pa94 ,%e is z extravagant 9 ! sph]e ( culture z 9 h] plant+ & s[+4 ,%e fulfils h] ends 9 a l>ge & clumsy fa%ion1 us+ up f> too mu* ( h] /r5g?4 ,! arti/ has ! same relation to ! connoisseurs & lov]s ( 8 art z a piece ( heavy artill]y to a flock ( sp>r[s4 ,x is a fool's "p to use a great avalan*e to sweep away a little sn[1 to kill a man 9 ord] to /rike ! fly on 8 nose4 ,! arti/ & ! philosoph] are witnesses aga9/ ,nature's adaptation ( h] means1 h[ev] well !y may %[ ! wisdom ( h] ends4 ,!y only rea* a few & %\ld rea* all--& ev5 ^! few are n /ruck ) ! /r5g? !y us$ :5 !y %ot4 ,x is sad to h to value art s diff]5tly z cause & effect2 h[ huge 9 its inception1 h[ fa9t ! e*o aft]w>ds6 ,! arti/ does 8 "w z ,nature bids him1 = ! b5efit ( o!r m5--no d\bt ( x2 b he kn[s t none ( ^? m5 w und]/& & love 8 "w z he und]/&s & loves x himself4 ,t lonely height ( love & und]/&+ is necess>y1 by ,nature's clumsy law1 to produce a l[] type2 ! great & noble are us$ z ! means to ! small & ignoble4 ,nature is a bad manag]2 h] exp5ses are f> great] ?an h] pr(its3 = all h] ri*es %e mu/ "o day g bankrupt4 ,%e w\ld h act$ m reasonably to make ! rule ( h] h\sehold--small exp5se & hundr$fold pr(it2 if !re _h be51 = example1 only a few arti/s ) mod]ate p[]s1 b an imm5se numb] ( he>]s to appreciate !m1 /rong] & m p[]ful *>act]s ?an ! arti/s !mselves2 !n ! effect ( ! art-"w1 9 comp>ison ) ! cause1 might be a hundr$-tongu$ e*o4 ,"o might at lea/ expect cause & effect to be ( equal p[]2 b ,nature lags inf9itely beh9d ?is consummation4 ,an arti/1 & especially a philosoph]1 seems (t5 to h dropp$ by *ance into 8 age1 z a w&]+ h]mit or /raggl] cut (f f ! ma9 body4 ,?9k h[ utt]ly great ,s*op5hau] is1 & :at a small & absurd effect he has _h6 ,an hone/ man c feel no great] %ame at ! pres5t "t ?an at ! ?\ght ( ! casual treatm5t ,s*op5hau] has receiv$ & ! evil p[]s t h up to n[ kill$ 8 effect among m54 ,fir/ !re 0 ! want ( read]s1--to ! et]nal %ame ( our cultivat$ age2--!n ! inadequacy ( 8 fir/ public adh]5ts1 z soon z he _h any2 fur!r1 ,i ?9k1 ! crassness ( ! mod]n man t[>ds books1 :i* he w no long] take s]i\sly4 ,z an outcome ( _m attempts to adapt ,s*op5hau] to ?is en]vat$ age1 ! new dang] has gradually aris5 ( reg>d+ him z an odd k9d ( pung5t h]b1 ( tak+ him 9 gra9s1 z a sort ( metaphysical pepp]4 ,9 ?is way he has gradually become fam\s1 & ,i %\ld ?9k m h he>d 8 "n ?an ,hegel's2 &1 = all t1 he is /ill a solit>y be+1 :o has fail$ ( 8 effect4--,?\gh ! hon\r ( caus+ ! failure belongs lea/ ( all to ! b>k+ ( 8 lit]>y antagoni/s2 fir/ because !re are few m5 ) ! pati5ce to read !m1 & secondly1 because any "o :o does1 is s5t imm$iately to ,s*op5hau] himself2 = :o w let a donkey-driv] prev5t him f m\nt+ a f9e horse1 h[ev] mu* he praise 8 donkey8 ,:oev] has recognis$ ,nature's unreason 9 our "t1 w h to consid] "s means to help h]2 8 task w be to br+ ! free spirits & ! suff]]s f ?is age to "k ,s*op5hau]2 & make !m tribut>ies to ! flood t is to ov]be> all ! clumsy uses to :i* ,nature ev5 n[ is accu/om$ to put h] philosoph]s4 ,su* m5 w see t ! id5tical ob/acles h9d] ! effect ( a great philosophy & ! production ( ! great philosoph]2 & s w direct _! aims to prep>e ! reg5]ation ( ,s*op5hau]1 :i* means t ( ! philosophical g5ius4 ,! real opposition to ! fur!r spread ( 8 doctr9e 9 ! pa/1 & ! reg5]ation ( ! philosoph] 9 ! future1 is ! p]v]sity ( human nature z x is2 & all ! great m5 t are to be mu/ sp5d inf9ite pa9s 9 free+ !mselves f x4 ,! _w !y ent] is pla/]$ ov] ) pret5ce1--includ+ n m]ely religi\s dogmas1 b su* juggl+ conceptions z progress1 univ]sal education1 nationalism1 ! mod]n /ate2 practically all our g5]al t]ms h an artificial v5e] ov] !m t w br+ a cle>]-sight$ po/]ity to reproa* our age bitt]ly = its w>p$ & /unt$ gr[?1 h[ev] l\dly we may boa/ ( our heal?4 ,! beauty ( ! antique vases1 says ,s*op5hau]1 lies 9 ! simplicity ) :i* !y express _! mean+ & object2 x is s ) all ! anci5t implem5ts2 if ,nature produc$ amphor1 lamps1 tables1 *airs1 helmets1 %ields1 brea/plates & ! l1 !y w\ld resemble ^!4 ,&1 z a coroll>y1 :oev] consid]s h[ we all manage our art1 politics1 religion & education--to say no?+ ( our vases6--w f9d 9 !m a b>b>ic exagg]ation & arbitr>9ess ( expression4 ,no?+ is m unfav\rable to ! rise ( g5ius ?an su* mon/rosities4 ,!y are unse5 & undiscov]able1 ! lead5 weights on 8 h& :5 he w set x to ! pl\gh2 ! weights are only %ak5 (f ) viol5ce1 & 8 highe/ "w mu/ to an ext5t always be> ! m>k ( x4 ,9 consid]+ ! conditions t1 at be/1 keep ! born philosoph] f be+ oppress$ by ! p]v]sity ( ! age1 ,i am surpris$ to f9d !y are p>tly ^? 9 :i* ,s*op5hau] himself grew up4 ,true1 !re 0 no lack ( oppos+ influ5ces2 ! evil "t drew p]il\sly ne> him 9 ! p]son ( a va9 & pret5ti\s "m4 ,b ! pr\d republican "* ( 8 fa!r rescu$ him f h] & gave him ! fir/ quality ( a philosoph]--a rude & /rong virility4 ,8 fa!r 0 nei!r an (ficial nor a savant2 he travell$ mu* abroad ) 8 son1--a great help to "o :o mu/ "k m5 r ?an books1 & wor%ip tru? be=e ! /ate4 ,9 "t he got accu/om$ to national peculi>ities3 he made ,engl&1 ,france & ,italy equally 8 home1 & felt no little sympa?y ) ! ,spani% "*4 ,on ! :ole1 he did n ?9k x an hon\r to be born 9 ,g]many1 & ,i am n sure t ! new political conditions w\ld h made him *ange 8 m9d4 ,he held q op5ly ! op9ion t ! /ate's "o object 0 to give protection at home & abroad1 & ev5 protection aga9/ its protectors1 & to attribute any o!r object to x 0 to endang] its true end4 ,& s1 to ! con/]nation ( all ! s-call$ lib]als1 he left 8 prop]ty to ! survivors ( ! ,prussian soldi]s :o fell 9 #ahdh 9 ! fight = ord]4 ,to und]/& ! /ate & its duties 9 ?is s+le s5se may seem m & m h5ce=? ! sign ( intellectual sup]iority2 = ! man ) ! furor philosophicus 9 him w no long] h "t = ! furor politicus1 & w wisely keep f read+ ! newspap]s or s]v+ a p>ty2 ?\gh he w n hesitate a mom5t to take 8 place 9 ! ranks if 8 c\ntry be 9 real ne$4 ,all /ates are badly manag$1 :5 o!r m5 ?an politicians busy !mselves ) politics2 & !y des]ve to be ru9$ by _! political amateurs4 ,s*op5hau] _h ano!r great advantage--t he _h nev] be5 educat$ = a pr(essor1 b work$ = "s "t 7?\gh aga9/ 8 w7 z a m]*ant's cl]k1 & ?r\gh all 8 e>ly ye>s brea!d ! fre] air ( a great comm]cial h\se4 ,a savant c nev] become a philosoph]3 ,kant himself c\ld n1 b rema9$ 9 a *rysalis /age to ! end1 9 spite ( ! innate =ce ( 8 g5ius4 ,any "o :o ?9ks ,i d ,kant wrong 9 say+ ?is does n "k :at a philosoph] is--n only a great ?9k]1 b also a real man2 & h[ c\ld a real man h sprung f a savant8 ,he :o lets conceptions1 op9ions1 ev5ts1 books come betwe5 himself & ?+s1 & is born = hi/ory 79 ! wide/ s5se71 w nev] see any?+ at once1 & nev] be himself a ?+ to be se5 at once2 ?\gh bo? ^! p[]s %\ld be 9 ! philosoph]1 z he mu/ take mo/ ( 8 doctr9e f himself & be himself ! copy & comp5dium ( ! :ole _w4 ,if a man look at himself ?r\gh a veil ( o!r p's op9ions1 no wond] he sees no?+ b--^? op9ions4 ,& x is ?us t ! pr(essors see & live4 ,b ,s*op5hau] _h ! r>e happ9ess ( see+ ! g5ius n only 9 himself1 b also outside himself--9 ,goe!2 & ?is d\ble reflection taught him ev]y?+ ab\t ! aims & culture ( ! le>n$4 ,he knew by ?is exp]i5ce h[ ! free /rong man1 to :om all arti/ic culture 0 look+1 mu/ come to be born2 & c\ld he1 aft] ?is vision1 h mu* desire to busy himself ) ! s-call$ art1 9 ! le>n$1 hypocritical mann] ( ! mod]ns8 ,he _h se5 some?+ high] ?an t--an awful une>?ly judgm5t-sc5e 9 :i* all life1 ev5 ! highe/ & complete/1 0 weigh$ & f\nd too light2 he _h beheld ! sa9t z ! judge ( exi/5ce4 ,we _c tell h[ e>ly ,s*op5hau] rea*$ ?is view ( life1 & came to hold x ) su* int5sity z to make all 8 writ+s an attempt to mirror x2 we "k t ! y\? _h ?is great vision1 & c well believe x ( ! *ild4 ,ev]y?+ t he ga9$ lat] f life & books1 f all ! realms ( k1 0 only a means ( col\r & expression to him2 ! ,kantian philosophy itself 0 to him an extraord9>y rhetorical in/rum5t = mak+ ! utt]ance ( 8 vision1 z he ?\ght1 cle>]2 ! ,buddhi/ & ,*ri/ian my?ologies occasionally s]v$ ! same end4 ,he _h "o task & a ?\s& means to execute x2 "o mean+1 & innum]able hi]oglyphs to express x4 ,x 0 "o ( ! high conditions ( 8 exi/5ce t he really c\ld live = su* a task--accord+ to 8 motto vitam imp5d]e v]o--& none ( life's mat]ial ne$s c\ld %ake 8 resolution2 & we "k ! spl5did return he made 8 fa!r = ?is4 ,! contemplative man 9 ,g]many usually pursues 8 sci5tific /udies to ! detrim5t ( 8 s9c]ity1 z a consid]ate fool1 9 se>* ( place & hon\r1 circumspect & obsequi\s1 & fawn+ on 8 influ5tial sup]iors4 ,no?+ (f5d$ ! savants m ?an ,s*op5hau]'s unlik5ess to !m4 ,,viii4 ,^! are a few ( ! conditions "u :i* ! philosophical g5ius c at lea/ come to light 9 our "t1 9 spite ( all ?w>t+ influ5ces2--a virility ( "*1 an e>ly k ( mank9d1 an abs5ce ( le>n$ education & n>r[ patriotism1 ( compulsion to e>n 8 livelihood or dep5d on ! /ate1--fre$om 9 fact1 & aga9 fre$om2 ! same m>vell\s & dang]\s elem5t 9 :i* ! ,greek philosoph]s grew up4 ,! man :o w reproa* him1 z ,niebuhr did ,plato1 ) be+ a bad citiz51 may d s1 & be himself a good "o2 s he & ,plato w be "r toge!r6 ,ano!r may call ?is great fre$om presumption2 he is also "r1 z he c\ld n himself use ! fre$om prop]ly if he desir$ x1 & w\ld c]ta9ly presume too f> ) x4 ,?is fre$om is really a grave burd5 ( guilt2 & c only be expiat$ by great actions4 ,e ord9>y son ( e>? has ! "r ( look+ askance on su* end[m5ts2 & may ,provid5ce keep him f be+ s end[$-- burd5$1 t is1 ) su* t]rible duties6 ,8 fre$om & 8 lonel9ess w\ld be 8 ru91 & ennui w\ld turn him into a fool1 & a mis*iev\s fool at t4 ,a fa!r may possibly le>n some?+ f ?is t he may use = 8 son's private education1 ?\gh "o mu/ n expect fa!rs to h only philosoph]s = _! sons4 ,x is possible t !y w always oppose _! sons becom+ philosoph]s1 & call x m]e p]v]sity2 ,socrates 0 sacrific$ to ! fa!rs' ang]1 = corrupt+ ! y\?1 & ,plato ev5 ?\ght a new ideal /ate necess>y to prev5t ! philosoph]s' gr[? f be+ dep5d5t on ! fa!rs' folly4 ,x looks at pres5t z ?\gh ,plato _h really accompli%$ some?+2 = ! mod]n /ate c\nts ! enc\ragem5t ( philosophy z "o ( its duties & tries to secure = a numb] ( m5 at a "t ! sort ( fre$om t conditions ! philosoph]4 ,b1 hi/orically1 ,plato has be5 v unlucky2 z soon z a /ructure has ris5 correspond+ actually to 8 proposals1 x has always turn$1 on a clos] view1 into a gobl9-*ild1 a mon/r\s *angel+2 comp>e ! ecclesia/ical /ate ( ! ,middle ,ages ) ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,god-born k+ ( :i* ,plato dream$6 ,! mod]n /ate is fur!/ remov$ f ! idea ( ! ,philosoph]-k+ 7,?ank ,heav5 = t6 ! ,*ri/ian w say72 b we mu/ ?9k :e!r x takes t v enc\ragem5t ( philosophy 9 a ,platonic s5se1 ,i mean z s]i\sly & hone/ly z if its highe/ object 7 to produce m ,platos4 ,if ! philosoph] seem1 z usual1 an accid5t ( 8 "t1 does ! /ate make x its consci\s bus9ess to turn ! accid5tal into ! necess>y & help ,nature "h also8 ,exp]i5ce tea*es u a bett] way--or a worse3 x says t no?+ s /&s 9 ! way ( ! bir? & gr[? ( ,nature's philosoph] z ! bad philosoph]s made by ord]4 ,a poor ob/acle1 isn't x8 & ! same t ,s*op5hau] po9t$ out 9 8 fam\s essay on ,univ]sity philosophy4 ,i return to ?is po9t1 z m5 mu/ be =c$ to take x s]i\sly1 to be driv5 to activity by x2 & ,i ?9k all writ+ is useless t does n conta9 su* a /imulus to activity4 ,& anyh[ x is a good ?+ to apply ,s*op5hau]'s et]nal !ories once m to our own contempor>ies1 z "s k9dly s\l might ?9k t ev]y?+ has *ang$ = ! bett] 9 ,g]many s9ce 8 fi]ce diatribes4 ,un=tunately 8 "w is incomplete on ?is side z well1 unimportant z ! side may be4 ,! fre$om t ! /ate1 z ,i said1 be/[s on c]ta9 m5 = ! sake ( philosophy is1 prop]ly speak+1 no fre$om at all1 b an (fice t ma9ta9s its hold]4 ,! enc\ragem5t ( philosophy means t !re are to-day a numb] ( m5 :om ! /ate enables to make _! liv+ out ( philosophy2 :]eas ! old sages ( ,greece 7 n paid by ! /ate1 b at be/ 7 pres5t$1 z ,z5o 01 ) a gold5 cr[n & a monum5t 9 ! ,c]amicus4 ,i _c say g5]ally :e!r tru? is s]v$ by %[+ ! way to live by h]1 s9ce ev]y?+ dep5ds on ! "* ( ! individual :o %[s ! way4 ,i c imag9e a degree ( pride 9 a man say+ to 8 fell[-m51 take c>e ( me1 z ,i h some?+ bett] to d--namely to take c>e ( y4 ,we %\ld n be angry at su* a height5$ mode ( expression 9 ,plato & ,s*op5hau]2 & s !y might prop]ly h be5 ,univ]sity philosoph]s1--z ,plato1 = example1 0 a c\rt philosoph] = a :ile )\t l[]+ ! dignity ( philosophy4 ,b 9 ,kant we h ! usual submissive pr(essor1 )\t any nobility 9 8 relations ) ! /ate2 & ?us he c\ld n ju/ify ! ,univ]sity philosophy :5 x 0 once assail$4 ,if !re be natures l ,s*op5hau]'s & ,plato's1 :i* c ju/ify x1 ,i fe> !y w nev] h ! *ance1 z ! /ate w\ld nev] v5ture to give su* m5 ^! positions1 = ! simple reason t e /ate fe>s !m1 & w only fav\r philosoph]s x does n fe>4 ,! /ate obvi\sly has a special fe> ( philosophy1 & w try to attract m philosoph]s1 to create ! impression t x has philosophy on its side1--because x has ^? m5 on its side :o h ! title )\t ! p[]4 ,b if !re %\ld come "o :o really proposes to cut ev]y?+ to ! quick1 ! /ate includ$1 ) ! knife ( tru?1 ! /ate1 t affirms its own exi/5ce above all1 is ju/ifi$ 9 bani%+ him z an enemy1 j z x bans a religion t exalts itself to be its judge4 ,! man :o cons5ts to be a /ate philosoph]1 mu/ also cons5t to be reg>d$ z r5\nc+ ! se>* = tru? 9 all its secret retreats4 ,at any rate1 s long z he enjoys 8 position1 he mu/ recognise some?+ high] ?an tru?--! /ate4 ,& n only ! /ate1 b ev]y?+ requir$ by x = exi/5ce--a def9ite =m ( religion1 a social sy/em1 a /&+ army2 a noli me tang]e is writt5 above all ^! ?+s4 ,c a ,univ]sity philosoph] ev] keep cle>ly be=e him ! :ole r\nd ( ^! duties & limitations8 ,i d n "k4 ,! man :o has done s & rema9s a /ate-(ficial1 is a false fri5d to tru?2 if he has n1--,i ?9k he is no fri5d to tru? ei!r4 ,b g5]al consid]ations l ^! are always ! weake/ 9 _! influ5ce on mank9d4 ,mo/ p w f9d x en\gh to %rug _! %\ld]s & say1 ,z if any?+ great & pure has ev] be5 able to ma9ta9 itself on ?is e>? )\t "s concession to human vulg>ity6 ,w\ld y r ! /ate p]secut$ philosoph]s ?an paid !m = (ficial s]vices8 ,)\t answ]+ ?is la/ "q1 ,i w m]ely say t ^! concessions ( philosophy to ! /ate g r f> at pres5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! /ate *ooses its own philosophical s]vants1 z _m z its in/itutions require2 x !re=e pret5ds to be able to di/+ui% ! good & ! bad philosoph]s1 & ev5 assumes !re mu/ be a suffici5t supply ( good ones to fill all ! *airs4 ,! /ate is ! au?ority n only = _! goodness b _! numb]s4 ,secondly1 x conf9es ^? x has *os5 to a def9ite place & a def9ite activity among p>ticul> m52 !y mu/ in/ruct e und]graduate :o wants in/ruction1 daily1 at /at$ h\rs4 ,! "q is :e!r a philosoph] c b9d himself1 ) a good consci5ce1 to h some?+ to tea* e day1 to any "o :o wi%es to li/54 ,mu/ he n appe> to "k m ?an he does1 & speak1 be=e an unkn[n audi5ce1 ( ?+s t he c\ld m5tion )\t risk only to 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds8 ,& above all1 does he n surr5d] ! preci\s fre$om ( foll[+ 8 g5ius :5 & :]ev] x call him1 by ! m]e fact ( be+ b\nd to ?9k at /at$ times on a fix$ subject8 ,& be=e "y m51 too6 ,is n su* ?9k+ 9 its nature emasculate8 ,& suppose he felt "s day t he _h no ideas j !n--& yet mu/ be 9 8 place & appe> to be ?9k+6 ,:at !n8 ,b1 "o w say1 he is n a ?9k] b ma9ly a depository ( ?\ght1 a man ( great le>n+ 9 all previ\s philosophies4 ,( ^! he c always say some?+ t 8 s*ol>s d n "k4 ,?is is actually ! ?ird1 & ! mo/ dang]\s1 concession made by philosophy to ! /ate1 :5 x is compell$ to appe> 9 ! =m ( erudition1 z ! k 7m specifically7 ( ! hi/ory ( philosophy4 ,! g5ius looks purely & lov+ly on exi/5ce1 l a poet1 & _c dive too deep into x2--& no?+ is m abhorr5t to him ?an to burr[ among ! innum]able /range & wrong-head$ op9ions4 ,! le>n$ hi/ory ( ! pa/ 0 nev] a true philosoph]'s bus9ess1 9 ,india or ,greece2 & a pr(essor ( philosophy :o busies himself ) su* matt]s mu/ be1 at be/1 cont5t to he> x said ( him1 ,he is an able s*ol>1 antiqu>y1 philologi/1 hi/orian1--b nev]1 ,he is a philosoph]4 ,i said1 at be/3 = a s*ol> feels t mo/ ( ! le>n$ works writt5 by ,univ]sity philosoph]s are badly done1 )\t any real sci5tific p[]1 & g5]ally are dreadfully t$i\s4 ,:o w bl[ aside1 = example1 ! ,le!an vap\r ) :i* ! hi/ory ( ,greek philosophy has be5 envelop$ by ! dull ?\gh n v sci5tific works ( ,ritt]1 ,br&is & ,zell]8 ,i1 at any rate1 w\ld r read ,diog5es ,la]tius ?an ,zell]1 because at lea/ ! _s ( ! old philosoph]s lives 9 ,diog5es1 b nei!r t nor any o!r _s 9 ,zell]4 ,&1 aft] all1 :at does ! hi/ory ( philosophy matt] to our "y m58 ,are !y to be disc\rag$ by ! welt] ( op9ions f hav+ any ( _! own2 or taught to jo9 ! *orus t approves ! va/ness ( our progress8 ,are !y to le>n to hate or p]haps despise philosophy8 ,"o might expect ! la/1 kn[+ ! torture ! /ud5ts endure = _! philosophical exam9ations1 9 hav+ to get into _! un=tunate heads ! madde/ ef=ts ( ! human m9d z well z ! greate/ & pr(\nde/4 ,! only me?od ( criticis+ a philosophy t is possible & proves any?+ at all--namely to see :e!r "o c live by x--has nev] be5 taught at ! univ]sities2 only ! criticism ( words1 & aga9 words1 is taught !re4 ,imag9e a "y head1 )\t mu* exp]i5ce ( life1 be+ /uff$ ) fifty sy/ems 79 ! =m ( words7 & fifty criticisms ( !m1 all mix$ up toge!r1--:at an ov]gr[n wild]ness he w come to be1 :at contempt he w feel = a philosophical education6 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 n an education 9 philosophy at all1 b 9 ! art ( pass+ a philosophical exam9ation3 ! usual result be+ ! pi\s ejaculation ( ! we>i$ exam9ee1 ,?ank ,god ,i am no philosoph]1 b a ,*ri/ian & a good citiz56 ,:at if ?is cry 7 ! ultimate object ( ! /ate1 & ! education or lead+ to philosophy 7 m]ely a lead+ f philosophy8 ,we may well ask4--,b if s1 !re is "o ?+ to fe>--t ! y\? may "s day f9d out to :at end philosophy is ?us mis-h&l$4 ,is ! highe/ ?+ ( all1 ! production ( ! philosophical g5ius1 no?+ b a pretext1 & ! ma9 object p]haps to h9d] 8 production8 ,& is ,reason turn$ to ,unreason8--,!n woe to ! :ole ma*9]y ( political & pr(essorial trick]y6 ,w x soon become notori\s8 ,i d n "k2 b anyh[ univ]sity philosophy has fall5 into a g5]al /ate ( d\bt+ & despair4 ,! cause lies p>tly 9 ! feebl5ess ( ^? :o hold ! *airs at pres5t3 & if ,s*op5hau] _h to write 8 treatise on univ]sity philosophy to-day1 he w\ld f9d ! club no long] necess>y1 b c\ld conqu] ) a bulru%4 ,!y are ! heirs & successors ( ^? slip-%od ?9k]s ^: crazy heads ,s*op5hau] /ruck at3 _! *ildi% natures & dw>fi% frames rem9d "o ( ! ,indian prov]b3 m5 are born accord+ to _! de$s1 deaf1 dumb1 mis%ap54 ,^? fa!rs des]v$ su* sons1 accord+ to _! de$s1 z ! prov]b says4 ,h5ce ! /ud5ts w1 no d\bt1 soon get on )\t ! philosophy taught at _! univ]sity1 j z ^? :o are n univ]sity m5 manage to d )\t x already4 ,?is c be te/$ f "o's own exp]i5ce3 9 my /ud5t-days1 = example1 ,i f\nd ! univ]sity philosoph]s v ord9>y m5 inde$1 :o _h collect$ toge!r a few conclusions f ! o!r sci5ces1 & 9 _! leisure h\rs read ! newspap]s & w5t to conc]ts2 !y 7 treat$ by _! academic colleagues ) politely veil$ contempt4 ,!y _h ! reputation ( kn[+ v little1 b ( nev] be+ at a loss = obscure expressions to conceal _! ignorance4 ,!y _h a pref]5ce = ^? obscure regions :]e a man c\ld n walk long ) cle> vision4 ,"o said ( ! natural sci5ces1--,n "o ( !m c fully expla9 to me ! orig9 ( matt]2 !n :at d ,i c>e ab\t !m all8--,ano!r said ( hi/ory1 ,x tells no?+ new to ! man ) ideas3 9 fact1 !y always f\nd reasons = its be+ m philosophical to "k no?+ ?an to le>n any?+4 ,if !y let !mselves be drawn to le>n1 a secret in/9ct made !m fly f ! actual sci5ces & f\nd a dim k+dom amid _! gaps & unc]ta9ties4 ,!y l$ ! way 9 ! sci5ces 9 ! s5se t ! qu>ry leads ! way = ! hunt]s :o are beh9d him4 ,rec5tly !y h amus$ !mselves ) ass]t+ !y are m]ely ! wat*]s on ! fronti] ( ! sci5ces4 ,! ,kantian doctr9e is ( use to !m "h1 & !y indu/ri\sly build up an empty scepticism on x1 ( :i* 9 a %ort "t nobody w take any m notice4 ,"h & !re "o w rise to a little metaphysic ( 8 own1 ) ! g5]al accompanim5t ( heada*es & gidd9ess & ble$+ at ! nose4 ,aft] ! usual ill-success ( _! voyages into ! cl\ds & ! mi/1 "s h>d-head$ "y /ud5t ( ! real sci5ces w pluck !m d[n by ! skirts1 & _! faces w assume ! expression n[ habitual to !m1 ( (f5d$ dignity at be+ f\nd out4 ,!y h lo/ _! happy confid5ce1 & n "o ( !m w v5ture a /ep fur!r = ! sake ( 8 philosophy4 ,"s us$ to believe !y c\ld f9d out new religions or re9/ate old ones by _! sy/ems4 ,!y h giv5 up su* pret5sions n[1 & h become mo/ly mild1 muddl$ folk1 ) no ,lucretian boldness1 b m]ely "s spiteful compla9ts ( ! dead weight t lies on ! intellects ( mank9d6 ,no "o c ev5 le>n logic f !m n[1 & _! obvi\s k ( _! own p[]s has made !m discont9ue ! dialectical disputations common 9 ! old days4 ,!re is mu* m c>e & mode/y1 logic & inv5tiv5ess1 9 a ^w1 m philosophical me?od 9 ! "w ( ! special sci5ces ?an 9 ! s-call$ philosophy1 & e "o w agree ) ! temp]ate words ( ,bagehot#b on ! pres5t sy/em build]s3 ,unprov$ ab/ract pr9ciples )\t numb] h be5 eag]ly caught up by sangu9e m51 & !n c>efully spun out into books & !ories1 :i* 7 to expla9 ! :ole _w4 ,b ! _w goes cle> aga9/ ^! ab/ractions1 & x mu/ d s1 z !y require x to g 9 antagoni/ic directions4 ,! mass ( a sy/em attracts ! "y & impresses ! unw>y2 b cultivat$ p are v dubi\s ab\t x4 ,!y are ready to receive h9ts & sugge/ions1 & ! smalle/ real tru? is ev] welcome4 ,b a l>ge book ( d$uctive philosophy is mu* to be suspect$4 ,:o is n almo/ sure be=eh& t ! premises w conta9 a /range mixture ( tru? & error1 & !re=e t x w n be wor? :ile to sp5d life 9 reason+ ov] _! consequ5ces8 ,! philosoph]s1 especially 9 ,g]many1 us$ to s9k into su* a /ate ( ab/raction t !y 7 9 cont9ual dang] ( runn+ _! heads aga9/ a beam2 b !re is a :ole h]d ( ,laputan flapp]s ab\t !m to give !m 9 "t a g5tle /roke on _! eyes or any:]e else4 ,sometimes ! bl[s are too h>d2 & !n ^! scorn]s ( e>? =get !mselves & /rike back1 b ! victim always escapes !m4 ,fool1 y d n see ! beam1 says ! flapp]2 & (t5 ! philosoph] does see ! beam1 & calms d[n4 ,^! flapp]s are ! natural sci5ces & hi/ory2 little by little !y h s ov]aw$ ! ,g]man dream-craft :i* has long tak5 ! place ( philosophy1 t ! dream] w\ld be only too glad to give up ! attempt to run alone3 b :5 !y unexpect$ly fall into ! o!rs' arms1 or try to put lead+-/r+s on !m t !y may be l$ !mselves1 ^? o!rs flap z t]ribly z !y c1 z if !y w\ld say1 ,?is is all t is want+1--t a philosopha/] l ?is %\ld lay 8 impure h&s on u1 ! natural sci5ces & hi/ory6 ,away ) him6 ,!n !y />t back1 kn[+ n :]e to turn or to ask ! way4 ,!y want$ to h a little physical k at _! back1 possibly 9 ! =m ( empirical psy*ology 7l ! ,h]b>tians71 or p]haps a little hi/ory2 & !n !y c\ld at lea/ make a public %[ ( behav+ sci5tifically1 al?\gh 9 _! he>ts !y may wi% all philosophy & all sci5ce at ! devil4 #b ,physics & ,politics1 *ap4 v4 ,nietzs*e has alt]$ ! ord] ( ! s5t5ces )\t any app>5t b5efit to 8 own argum5t1 & to ! disadvantage ( ,bagehot's4 ,i h re/or$ ! orig9al ord]4--,,tr4 ,b grant$ t ?is h]d ( bad philosoph]s is ridicul\s--& :o w d5y x8--h[ f> are !y also h>mful8 ,!y are h>mful j because !y make philosophy ridicul\s4 ,z long z ?is imitation-?9k+ cont9ues to be recognis$ by ! /ate1 ! la/+ effect ( a true philosophy w be de/roy$1 or at any rate circumscrib$2 no?+ does ?is s well z ! curse ( ridicule t ! repres5tatives ( ! great cause h drawn on !m1 = x attacks t cause itself4 ,& s ,i ?9k x w enc\rage culture to deprive philosophy ( its political & academic /&+1 & relieve /ate & univ]sity ( ! task1 impossible = !m1 ( decid+ betwe5 true & false philosophy4 ,let ! philosoph]s run wild1 =bid !m any ?\ghts ( (fice or civic position1 hold !m out no m bribes1--nay1 r p]secute !m & treat !m ill1--y w see a wond]ful result4 ,!y w flee 9 t]ror & seek a ro( :]e !y c1 ^! poor phantasms2 "o w become a p>son1 ano!r a s*oolma/]1 ano!r w creep into an editor%ip1 ano!r write s*ool-books = "y ladies' colleges1 ! wise/ ( !m w pl\gh ! fields1 ! va9e/ g to c\rt4 ,ev]y?+ w be left sudd5ly empty1 ! birds fl[n3 = x is easy to get rid ( bad philosoph]s1--"o only has to cease pay+ !m4 ,& t is a bett] plan ?an ! op5 patronage ( any philosophy1 :atev] x be1 = /ate reasons4 ,! /ate has nev] any conc]n ) tru?1 b only ) ! tru? useful to x1 or r1 ) any?+ t is useful to x1 be x tru?1 half-tru?1 or error4 ,a coalition betwe5 /ate & philosophy has only mean+ :5 ! latt] c promise to be unconditionally useful to ! /ate1 to put its well-be+ high] ?an tru?4 ,x w\ld c]ta9ly be a noble ?+ = ! /ate to h tru? z a paid s]vant2 b x kn[s well en\gh t x is ! ess5ce ( tru? to be paid no?+ & s]ve no?+4 ,s ! /ate's s]vant turns out to be m]ely false tru?1 a mask$ actor :o _c p]=m ! (fice requir$ f ! real tru?--! affirmation ( ! /ate's wor? & sanctity4 ,:5 a m$ival pr9ce wi%$ to be cr[n$ by ! ,pope1 b c\ld n get him to cons5t1 he appo9t$ an antipope to d ! bus9ess = him4 ,?is may s]ve up to a c]ta9 po9t2 b n :5 ! mod]n /ate appo9ts an anti-philosophy to legitimise x2 = x has true philosophy aga9/ x j z mu* z be=e1 or ev5 m s4 ,i believe 9 all s]i\sness t x is to ! /ate's advantage to h no?+ fur!r to d ) philosophy1 to dem& no?+ f x1 & let x g its own way z mu* z possible4 ,)\t ?is indiff]5t attitude1 philosophy may become dang]\s & oppressive1 & w h to be p]secut$4--,! only int]e/ ! /ate c h 9 ! univ]sity lies 9 ! tra9+ ( ob$i5t & useful citiz5s2 & x %\ld hesitate to put ?is ob$i5ce & usefulness 9 d\bt by dem&+ an exam9ation 9 philosophy f ! "y m54 ,to make a bogey ( philosophy may be an excell5t way to fright5 ! idle & incompet5t f its /udy2 b ?is advantage is n en\gh to c\nt]balance ! dang] t ?is k9d ( compulsion may ar\se f ! side ( ! m reckless & turbul5t spirits4 ,!y le>n to "k ab\t =bidd5 books1 beg9 to criticise _! tea*]s1 & f9ally come to und]/& ! object ( univ]sity philosophy & its exam9ations2 n to speak ( ! d\bts t may be fo/]$ 9 ! m9ds ( "y !ologians1 z a consequ5ce ( :i* !y are beg9n+ to be ext9ct 9 ,g]many1 l ! ibexes 9 ! ,tyrol4 ,i "k ! objections t ! /ate c\ld br+ aga9/ all ?is1 z long z ! lovely ,hegel-corn 0 yell[+ 9 all ! fields2 b n[ t hail has de/roy$ ! crop & all m5's hopes ( x1 n[ t no?+ has be5 fulfill$ & all ! b>ns are empty1--!re are no m objections to be made1 b r rejections ( philosophy itself4 ,! /ate has n[ ! p[] ( rejection2 9 ,hegel's "t x only wi%$ to h x--& t makes a great diff]5ce4 ,! /ate ne$s no m ! sanction ( philosophy1 & philosophy has ?us become sup]flu\s to x4 ,x w f9d advantage 9 ceas+ to ma9ta9 its pr(essors1 or 7z ,i ?9k w soon happ57 9 m]ely pret5d+ to ma9ta9 !m2 b x is ( /ill great] importance t ! univ]sity %\ld see ! b5efit ( ?is z well4 ,at lea/ ,i believe ! real sci5ces mu/ see t _! int]e/ lies 9 free+ !mselves f all contact ) %am sci5ce4 ,& fur!r1 ! reputation ( ! univ]sities hangs too mu* 9 ! balance = !m n to welcome a sev]ance f me?ods t are ?\ght little ( ev5 9 academic circles4 ,! out] _w has good reason = its widespread contempt ( univ]sities2 !y are reproa*$ ) be+ c[>dly1 ! small fe>+ ! great1 & ! great fe>+ public op9ion2 x is said t !y d n lead ! high] ?\ght ( ! age b hobble sl[ly beh9d x1 & cleave no long] to ! fundam5tal ideas ( ! recognis$ sci5ces4 ,gramm>1 = example1 is /udi$ m dilig5tly ?an ev] )\t any "o see+ ! necessity ( a rigor\s tra9+ 9 spee* & writ+4 ,! gates ( ,indian antiquity are be+ op5$1 & ! s*ol>s h no m idea ( ! mo/ imp]i%able works ( ! ,indians--_! philosophies--?an a bea/ has ( play+ ! h>p2 ?\gh ,s*op5hau] ?9ks t ! acqua9tance ) ,indian philosophy is "o ( ! greate/ advantages possess$ by our c5tury4 ,classical antiquity is ! fav\rite playgr\nd n[adays1 & its effect is no long] classical & =mative2 z is %[n by ! /ud5ts1 :o are c]ta9ly no models = imitation4 ,:]e is n[ ! _s ( ,fri$ri* ,augu/ ,wolf to be f\nd1 ( :om ,franz ,pass[ c\ld say t he seem$ a loyal & humani/ic _s ) =ce en\gh to set half ! _w aflame8 ,in/ead ( t a j\rnali/ic _s is aris+ 9 ! univ]sity1 (t5 "u ! "n ( philosophy2 ! smoo? deliv]y--! v cosmetics ( spee*--) ,fau/ & ,na?an ! ,wise = ev] on ! lips1 ! acc5t & ! outlook ( our wor/ lit]>y magaz9es &1 m rec5tly1 mu* *att] ab\t our holy ,g]man music1 & ! dem& = lectures on ,s*ill] & ,goe!1--all ?is is a sign t ! univ]sity _s is beg9n+ to be confus$ ) ! ,_s ( ! ,age4 ,?us ! e/abli%m5t ( a high] tribunal1 outside ! univ]sities1 to protect & criticise !m ) reg>d to culture1 w\ld seem a mo/ valuable ?+1 & z soon z philosophy c sev] itself f ! univ]sities & be purifi$ f e unwor?y motive or hypocrisy1 x w be able to become su* a tribunal4 ,x w d its "w )\t /ate help 9 money or hon\rs1 free f ! _s ( ! age z well z f any fe> ( x2 be+ 9 fact ! judge1 z ,s*op5hau] 01 ( ! s-call$ culture surr\nd+ x4 ,& 9 ?is way ! philosoph] c also be useful to ! univ]sity1 by refus+ to be a "p ( x1 b criticis+ x f af>4 ,di/ance w l5d dignity4 ,b1 aft] all1 :at does ! life ( a /ate or ! progress ( univ]sities matt] 9 comp>ison ) ! life ( philosophy on e>?6 ,=1 to say q frankly :at ,i mean1 x is inf9itely m important t a philosoph] %\ld arise on ! e>? ?an t a /ate or a univ]sity %\ld cont9ue4 ,! dignity ( philosophy may rise 9 proportion z ! submission to public op9ion & ! dang] to lib]ty increase2 x 0 at its highe/ dur+ ! convulsions m>k+ ! fall ( ! ,roman ,republic1 & 9 ! "t ( ! ,empire1 :5 ! names ( bo? philosophy & hi/ory became +rata pr9cipibus nom9a4 ,brutus %[s its dignity bett] ?an ,plato2 8 0 a "t :5 e?ics cease to h commonplaces4 ,philosophy is n mu* reg>d$ n[1 & we may well ask :y no great soldi] or /atesman has tak5 x up2 & ! answ] is t a ?9 phantom has met him "u ! "n ( philosophy1 ! cauti\s wisdom ( ! le>n$ pr(essor2 & philosophy has soon come to seem ridicul\s to him4 ,x ought to h seem$ t]rible2 & m5 :o are call$ to au?ority %\ld "k ! h]oic p[] t has its s\rce !re4 ,an ,am]ican may tell !m :at a c5tre ( mighty =ces a great ?9k] c prove on ?is e>?4 ,bew>e :5 ! great ,god lets loose a ?9k] on ?is planet1 says ,em]son4#c ,!n all ?+s are at risk4 ,x is z :5 a conflagration has brok5 out 9 a great city1 & no man kn[s :at is safe1 or :]e x w end4 ,!re is n a piece ( sci5ce1 b its flank may be turn$ to-morr[2 !re is n any lit]>y reputation1 n ! s-call$ et]nal names ( fame1 t may n be revis$ & condemn$4444 ,! ?+s :i* are de> to m5 at ?is h\r are s on acc\nt ( ! ideas :i* h em]g$ on _! m5tal horizon1 & :i* cause ! pres5t ord] ( ?+s z a tree be>s its apples4 ,a new degree ( culture w\ld in/antly revolutionise ! entire sy/em ( human pursuits4 ,if su* ?9k]s are dang]\s1 x is cle> :y our univ]sity ?9k]s are n dang]\s2 = _! ?\ghts bloom z peacefully 9 ! %ade ( tradition z ev] tree bore its apples4 ,!y d n fright52 !y c>ry away no gates ( ,gaza2 & to all _! little contemplations "o c make ! answ] ( ,diog5es :5 a c]ta9 philosoph] 0 prais$3 ,:at great result has he to %[1 :o has s long practis$ philosophy & yet has hurt nobody8 ,yes1 ! univ]sity philosophy %\ld h on its monum5t1 ,x has hurt nobody4 ,b ?is is r ! praise "o gives to an old woman ?an to a goddess ( tru?2 & x is n surpris+ t ^? :o "k ! goddess only z an old woman are ! less m5 = t1 & are naturally neglect$ by ! real m5 ( p[]4 #c ,essay on ,circles4 ,if ?is be ! case 9 our "t1 ! dignity ( philosophy is trodd5 9 ! mire2 & %e seems h]self to h become ridicul\s or insignificant4 ,all h] true fri5ds are b\nd to be> witness aga9/ ?is trans=mation1 at lea/ to %[ t x is m]ely h] false s]vants 9 philosoph]'s clo?+ :o are s4 ,or bett]1 !y mu/ prove by _! own de$ t ! love ( tru? has itself awe & p[]4 ,s*op5hau] prov$ ?is & w cont9ue to prove x1 m & m4