from the ,google ,print project47 ,accents in ,spanish have changed since this work was written4 ,the original orthography has been preserved in making this etext4 7note of the etext transcriber7 ,,spanish ,,composition ,,by ,,edith ,j4 ,,broomhall ,,central ,,high ,,school1 ,,minneapolis ,,minnesota ,,allyn ,,and ,,bacon ,,boston ,,new ,,york ,,chicago ,,atlanta ,,san ,,francisco ,,copyright1 #aiba1 ,,by ,,edith ,j4 ,,broomhall4 ,norwood ,press ,j4 ,s4 ,cushing ,co4--,berwick ,smith ,co4 ,norwood1 ,mass41 ,u4,s4,a4 ,,preface ,this book aims to teach ,spanish idiom4 ,the greatest hindrance to the use of idiomatic ,spanish lies in the failure to realize that common ,english words have various ,spanish meanings4 ,to meet this difficulty1 the notes and exercises of ,spanish ,composition are focused on the errors beginners most frequently make4 ,for instance1 attention is drawn to the fact that words like up1 down1 out1 in1 away are usually included in the ,spanish verb1 which is often entirely different from the ,english expression4 ,thus1 while to get is obtener1 to get up is levantarse4 ,of course the treatment cannot be exhaustive1 but enough examples are given to show the pupil the necessity of thinking before translating even the commonest words and phrases4 ,the aim has been to give a simple and specific discussion of everyday expressions rather than to try to cover the entire field of ,spanish idiom4 ,about two hundred and fifty quotations from famous ,spanish authors illustrate the various idioms and acquaint the learner with the great names of ,spanish literature4 ,i wish to express my hearty thanks to ,dr4 ,harry ,kurz of ,carleton ,college1 and to my colleagues in the ,minneapolis ,high ,schools1 ,seor ,fernando ,garca and ,seor ,julius ,arrieta1 who have read the work either in manuscript or in proof4 ,,edith ,j4 ,,broomhall4 ,,central ,,high ,,school1 ,,minneapolis1 ,,minnesota4 ,january1 #aiba4 ,,contents ,,page ,,lesson ,i4 ,english to be #a ,,lesson ,,ii4 ,the verb to ask #d ,english for #e ,,lesson ,,iii4 ,the verb to have #g ,english to be to #h ,,lesson ,,iv4 ,english since #aj ,the verb to go #aj ,,lesson ,v4 ,english long #ac ,the word before #ad ,the verb to know #ad ,,lesson ,,vi4 ,english to get #af ,,lesson ,,vii4 ,review exercises #ai ,,lesson ,,viii4 ,the verb to look or look at #bj ,english little #bj ,english there #ba ,,lesson ,,ix4 ,the verb to grow #bc ,the word just #bc ,,lesson ,x4 ,english after #bf ,the verb to help #bg ,,lesson ,,xi4 ,english here #bi ,english well #bi ,the verb to hold #cj ,,lesson ,,xii4 ,the adverb so #cb ,english to keep #cc ,,lesson ,,xiii4 ,review exercises #ce ,,lesson ,,xiv4 ,english to leave #cg ,to let #ch ,,lesson ,,xv4 ,english now #dj ,english about #da ,to be about to #da ,the verb to feel #da ,,lesson ,,xvi4 ,english will #dc ,the word all #dc ,,lesson ,,xvii4 ,the word way #df ,the adjective hard #dg ,the verb to give #dg ,,lesson ,,xviii4 ,the verb to think #di ,the verb to make #di ,,lesson ,,xix4 ,the verb to miss #eb ,emphasis in ,spanish #eb ,,lesson ,,xx4 ,review exercises #ee ,,lesson ,,xxi4 ,english time #eg ,the verb to like #eh ,,lesson ,,xxii4 ,very as an adverb #fj ,the verb to play #fa ,the verb to need #fa ,,lesson ,,xxiii4 ,the verb to please #fc ,the verb to mean #fd ,without #fd ,,lesson ,,xxiv4 ,the word only #ff ,alone1 single #fg ,the verb to hear #fg ,,lesson ,,xxv4 ,english right #fi ,english must #gj ,,lesson ,,xxvi4 ,the verb to appear #gb ,the verb to succeed #gb ,the word even #gc ,toward #gc ,,lesson ,,xxvii4 ,review exercises #ge ,,lesson ,,xxviii4 ,the verb to sit #gg ,to stand #gg ,english corner #gh ,,lesson ,,xxix4 ,english self #hj ,last #hj ,the verb to tell #ha ,,lesson ,,xxx4 ,to save #hc ,to see #hc ,half #hd ,,lesson ,,xxxi4 ,the word as #hf ,,lesson ,,xxxii4 ,the verb to want #hi ,either1 or #hi ,neither #ij ,because #ij ,,lesson ,,xxxiii4 ,the verb to wonder #ib ,the one #ic ,,lesson ,,xxxiv4 ,review exercises #ie ,,lesson ,,xxxv4 ,the verb to take #ig ,,lesson ,,xxxvi4 ,the word ever #ajj ,the verb to pass #ajj ,the verb to pay or pay for #aja ,,lesson ,,xxxvii4 ,the verb to turn #ajc ,,lesson ,,xxxviii4 ,english can and could #ajf ,to ring #ajg ,english but #ajg ,,lesson ,,xxxix4 ,the verb to put #aji ,,lesson ,,xl4 ,to strike #aab ,spanish vez meaning time #aab ,the verb to start #aac ,,lesson ,,xli4 ,the verb to do #aae ,adverbial expressions #aae ,,lesson ,,xlii4 ,review exercises #aah ,,appendix #aba ,,spanish-,,english ,,vocabulary #a ,,english-,,spanish ,,vocabulary #ai ,,authors ,,quoted ,,cervantes ,don ,quijote ,,echegaray ,el ,poder de la ,impotencia1 ,siemore en ,ridculo1 ,el ,hijo de ,don ,juan ,,gil ,y ,z,,rate ,guzmn el ,bueno ,,campoamor ,poems ,,castelar ,recuerdos y ,esperanzas ,,alarc,n ,el ,capitn ,veneno1 ,short ,stories ,p,,rez ,,gald,s ,electra1 ,celia en los ,infiernos ,,pardo ,,baz,n ,la ,piedra ,angular1 ,short ,stories ,,valera ,pepita ,jimnez ,,benavente ,la ,princesa ,beb1 ,la ,malquerida1 ,el ,collar de ,estrellas ,,palacio ,,vald,s ,jos1 ,la ,hermana ,san ,sulpicio ,,eduardo ,,marquina ,el ,rey ,trovador ,,mart,,nez ,,sierra ,teatro de ,ensueo ,,los ,,quintero ,malvaloca1 ,doa ,clarines1 ,manana de ,sol1 ,los ,galeotes ,,escrich ,fortuna ,,de ,,larra ,partir a ,tiempo ,,blasco ,,iba,,ez ,los ,cuatro ,jinetes del ,apocalipse ,,jos ,m,,rmol ,amalia ,,ramos ,,carri,n ,zarageta1 ,la ,muela del ,juicio ,,spanish ,,composition ,,lesson ,i ,el trabajo es buen compaero de la esperanza4#a --,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 #a4 ,english to be is generally translated into ,spanish by ser or estar1 the former with the general idea of permanency1 the latter indicating temporary state4 ,location is always expressed by estar4 ,i1 who was white1 am also brown1 because the sun has kissed me4 ,yo1 que era blanca1 estoy tambin morena1 porque el sol me ha besado4--,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 7a7 ,in expressions referring to the weather to be is rendered by hacer1 to make1 the descriptive adjective becoming in ,spanish a noun of corresponding meaning4 ,it was suffocatingly hot4 ,haca un calor sofocante4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,it was very cold in the city to-day4 ,haca mucho fro hoy en la ciudad4 ,note4--,in all such expressions very must be translated mucho1 since calor1 fro1 etc41 are nouns4 7b7 ,when used with a predicate adjective indicating mental or physical state1 to be is translated by tener1 the adjective changing to a noun of corresponding meaning4 ,the commonest of these expressions are to be hungry1 thirsty1 hot1 cold1 sleepy1 afraid1 right1 careful1 jealous1 which are rendered tener hambre1 sed1 calor1 fro1 sueo1 miedo1 razn1 cuidado1 celos4 ,uncle is right4 ,that can't hurt him4 ,tiene razn el to4 ,eso no puede hacerle mal4--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,while ,i am so cold ,i don't want to go out4 ,mientras tengo tanto fro no quiero salir4 ,i wasn't hungry but ,i was very sleepy4 ,no tena hambre pero tena mucho sueo4 ,note4--,in all similar expressions so is rendered tanto4 ,cf4 note to 7a7 above4 7c7 ,many phrases consisting of the verb to be and an adjective denoting age or dimension are translated by tener and a noun4 ,such are to be old1 wide1 long1 high1 etc41 rendered tener edad1 anchura1 longitud1 altitud4 ,note also to be to blame1 one's fault1 tener la culpa2 to be successful1 tener xito4 ,how old are these children8 ,qu edad tienen estos nios8 ,the ribbon is two inches wide4 ,la cinta tiene dos pulgadas de anchura4 7d7 ,to be at meaning to attend is translated asistir a4 ,there were not many at the meeting last night4 ,no asistan muchos a la reunin de anoche4 7e7 ,to be worth is translated valer4 ,to be worth while is valer la pena4 ,i don't know how much it is and it isn't worth while to ask4 ,no s cuanto vale y no vale la pena de preguntar4 #b4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,haca tanto calor que no podamos dormir aunque tenamos mucho sueo4 #b4 ,ya no tenemos miedo de nada4 #c4 ,dice que tiene mucho fro4 #d4 ,nos preguntaron si tenamos hambre4 #e4 ,usted cree que este hombre tiene razn4 ,pues yo creo que no la tiene4 #f4 ,la mesa tiene cuatro pies de longitud y tres de anchura4 #g4 ,yo no tengo la culpa de que no asistieron al teatro anoche4 #h4 ,dgale que tendr mucho gusto en aceptar su amable invitacin y asistir al concierto4 #i4 ,ha hecho tanto fro hoy como si furamos en el mes de diciembre4 #aj4 ,estoy seguro de que usted tendr mucho xito4 7b7 #a4 ,don't be afraid of the dog4 ,he will not bite you4 #b4 ,how wide is this river8 #c4 ,if you are so hungry1 why don't you eat8 #d4 ,is it my fault that they are not here yet8 #e4 ,it is too cold in this room4 ,close the door4 #f4 ,the living-room is longer than the dining-room1 but it is not so wide4 #g4 ,i don't feel like 7am not desirous of7 studying to-night4 #h4 ,i wasn't at school the day that the ,president visited it4 #i4 ,i gave him the money although ,i knew that the thing wasn't worth it4 #aj4 ,it is cool to-day4 ,it was so warm yesterday4 ,,lesson ,,ii ,el da es para trabajar1 por eso hay luz4#b --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 #c4 ,the verb to ask has five common translations4 ,meaning to question or to inquire it is rendered preguntar4 ,are you asleep1 ,captain8 the widow asked1 greatly alarmed4 ,duerme ,vd41 ,capitn8--le pregunt muy alarmada la viuda4--,,pedro ,,de ,,alarc,n4 ,a girl came to the door asking for him4 ,vino a la puerta una muchacha preguntando por l4--,,los ,,quintero4 7a7 ,to ask for1 beg1 is translated pedir a4 ,he had slipped into the kitchen to ask the cook for something to eat4 ,se haba deslizado en la cocina para pedir algo que comer a la cocinera4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,note4--,with pedir the thing asked for is the direct object1 the person of whom it is asked is the indirect1 and is introduced by a4 ,cf4 ,english1 ,we begged a dollar from father4 7b7 ,to ask in the sense of to request is rendered by pedir or rogar1 the latter being the more formal4 ,both verbs require the subjunctive in the dependent verb4 ,i asked the children not to make so much noise4 ,ped a los nios que no hiciesen tanto ruido4 ,i asked ,mr4 ,blanco to come and see me4 ,le rogu al seor ,blanco que me viniese a ver 7a visitar74 7c7 ,to ask1 invite is rendered convidar or invitar4 ,they have asked us to dinner4 ,nos han convidado 7invitado7 a comer con ellos4 7d7 ,to ask questions is rendered hacer preguntas4 ,and finally he asked himself the same question1 wondering that it had not occurred to him before4 ,y por fin se hizo la misma pregunta1 extraando que no se le hubiera ocurrido antes la idea4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 #d4 ,english for as a preposition is rendered by para or por4 ,it is omitted before a non-emphatic personal pronoun object and after many verbs4 ,he bought it for me yesterday4 ,me lo compr ayer4 ,he bought it for me 7for my sake74 ,lo compr por m4 ,wait for me4 ,espreme4 ,ask for it4 ,pdalo4 ,look for them4 ,bsquelos4 7a7 ,for is rendered para when it expresses destination1 purpose1 use1 future time1 and to introduce a qualifying phrase4 ,this is the train for ,madrid4 ,este es el tren para ,madrid4 ,she has enough money for her clothes4 ,tiene bastante dinero para sus vestidos 7prendas de vestir74 ,this is a machine for cutting leather4 sta es una mquina para cortar cuero4 ,i have an appointment for to-morrow4 ,tengo cita para maana4 ,she plays the piano well for her age4 ,toca el piano bien para su edad4 7b7 ,expressing exchange1 cause1 motive1 or duration of time1 for is rendered por4 ,i gave him twenty-five dollars for his bicycle4 ,le d veinticinco duros por su bicicleta4 ,for months at a time we did not see him4 ,por meses enteros no le habamos visto4 ,they set fire to the house for fun4 ,por burla pegaron fuego a la casa4 ,we could not see the house for the smoke4 ,no podamos ver la casa por el humo4 #e4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,la seora pregunta por la seorita4 #b4 ,ruguele que me lo mande4 #c4 ,pdame ,vd4 todo lo que quiera4 #d4 ,cundo parte ,vd4 para ,europa8 #e4 ,para su edad es un muchacho muy intelligente4 #f4 ,no s contestar a todas las preguntas que me hacen estos chicos4 #g4 ,le d mi gramtica espaola por su libro de lectura4 #h4 ,para el almuerzo he comprado tocino4 #i4 ,lo hace todo por sus hermanos y no saben agradecrselo4 #aj4 ,muri por la patria como yo muriera por ella4 7b7 #a4 ,i shall ask them to come and see me in the country4 #b4 ,i promised my mother that ,i would ask you for some of your beautiful roses4 #c4 ,ask the children if they are hungry4 #d4 ,i will ask his mother to ask him for it4 #e4 ,shall we ask them to dinner for the day after to-morrow8 #f4 ,will you wait for me while ,i look for it8 7,for will you say ,quiere ,vd47 #g4 ,this is the book father bought for me in ,london4 #h4 ,it is a beautiful book for the price4 #i4 ,if it wasn't for the dust1 we could see the horses4 #aj4 ,some friends have asked me to go to the theater with them this evening4 #aa4 ,in ,spanish they call a typewriter a machine for writing4 #ab4 ,they will sing for joy when they receive this news4 ,,lesson ,,iii ,cada uno es como ,dios le ha criado4#c --,,pedro ,,de ,,alarc,n4 #f4 ,the verb to have denoting possession is rendered tener4 ,with auxiliary force it is haber4 ,i used to have it1 but ,i have it no longer4 ,lo tena s1 pero ya no lo tengo ms4 ,he says he has sold it1 but ,i don't know who has bought it4 ,dice que lo ha vendido1 pero no s quien lo ha comprado4 7a7 ,to have meaning to cause to be done or made1 let1 is rendered by hacer followed 7#a7 by a direct infinitive1 or 7#b7 by que with the subjunctive of indirect command4 ,have them get the trunks down at once4 ,hgales bajar los bales en seguida or ,haga ,vd4 que bajen los bales4 ,i like this book very much4 ,i will have the children read it4 ,me gusta mucho este libro4 ,har que lo lean los nios4 ,he has had a new house built for his newly married daughter4 ,ha hecho construir una nueva casa para su hija recin casada4 7b7 ,to have to denoting necessity or compulsion is translated tener que1 which is followed by the infinitive4 ,it is raining torrents4 ,we shall have to stay here till it stops4 ,llueve a cntaros4 ,tendremos que quedarnos aqu hasta que deje de llover4 ,i can't go with you because ,i have to study some lessons4 ,no puedo acompaarle porque tengo que estudiar unas lecciones4 7c7 ,to have on1 be wearing1 is rendered tener puesto1 or by llevar or vestir4 ,puesto is an adjective and agrees in gender and number with the thing worn4 ,she has on a simple dress and over her shoulders a wide black lace scarf4 ,viste un traje sencillo y trae sobre los hombros un amplio velo negro de encaje4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,they all had their hats on when they came out4 ,al salir todos tenan puestos los sombreros4 #g4 ,english to be to expressing futurity coupled with a vague necessity is rendered haber de followed by the infinitive4 ,i have read in the papers that the president is to visit the city4 ,he ledo en los diarios que el presidente ha de visitar la ciudad4 ,the teacher told us that we were to finish that lesson4 ,el maestro nos dijo que hubiramos de acabar aquella leccin4 #h4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,aquel da haba de ser glorioso para el pas4 #b4 ,yo quiero que nadie tenga noticia de nuestra conferencia4 #c4 ,quien lo haya quebrado tendr que remendarlo4 #d4 ,me haba ido1 pero he vuelto porque tengo que hablarle a ,vd4 #e4 ,pues ya no has de ver ms a ,paquita4 ,ella se casa4 #f4 ,lo compr esta maana y han de entregrmelo maana4 #g4 ,tengo que subir al palomar para dar de comer a mis palomitas4 #h4 ,ha mandado hacer un vestido nuevo para su hijita4 #i4 ,celebro tener el gusto de conocer a ,vd4 #aj4 ,tengo una viva satisfaccin en haber conocido a ,vd4 #aa4 ,dgales ,vd4 que me traigan pronto lo que les he pedido4 #ab4 ,tendrn que acostarse en cuanto lleguen4 7b7 #a4 ,this strap is good for nothing 7worth nothing74 ,i had it in my hand and it broke4 #b4 ,the trunks will have to be at the station at three o'clock4 #c4 ,what dress are you going to wear on the train8 ,the one that ,i have on4 #d4 ,have a new strap made when you return4 #e4 ,we are to wait for them here4 ,they have gone to look for the others4 #f4 ,the teacher had the pupil read the lesson aloud4 #g4 ,you will have to go with us because we don't know the way4 #h4 ,she had on a pair of white gloves that ,i had given her4 #i4 ,i am to tell her that he has broken the whip that she had made for him for his birthday4 #aj4 ,i will have the letter written at once4 ,,lesson ,,iv ,puesto que todo pasa1 gocmoslo todo mientras vive4#d --,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 #i4 ,the ,english since as a preposition is translated desde2 as an adverb it is rendered desde entonces or desde aquel tiempo1 literally1 since then and since that time4 ,as a conjunction of time it is desde que1 and as a conjunction of cause it is ya que1 puesto que1 or visto que 7cf4 ,english seeing that74 ,i have not seen him since yesterday4 ,no le he visto desde ayer4 ,he left the city last year and ,i have not seen him since4 ,parti de la ciudad el ao pasado y no le he visto desde entonces4 ,i have not seen him since he left the city4 ,no le he visto desde que parti de la ciudad4 ,i will speak to him once more since you desire it4 ,le hablar una vez ms ya que ,vd4 lo desea4--,,los ,,quintero4 #aj4 ,the verb to go is ir or irse1 the reflexive form being used when to be is not followed by a complementary infinitive or by a prepositional phrase denoting direction4 ,to go away may be translated irse1 marcharse1 or partir4 ,now ,i am going to explain it to you4 ,ya se lo voy a explicar4 ,i am going now4 ,do you want to go with me8 ,ya me voy4 ,quiere ,vd4 acompaarme8 ,we are going to the country to spend a few days4 ,vamos al campo a pasar unos pocos das4 7a7 ,to go in or into1 up1 down1 through1 are translated entrar 7en71 subir1 bajar1 pasar por1 the preposition being included in the meaning of the verb except that en and por are used with entrar and pasar when the object of the verb is expressed4 ,did you go into the house8 ,yes1 we went in4 ,we also went upstairs and went through all the rooms4 ,entraron ,vds4 en la casa8 ,s1 entramos4 ,tambin subimos la escalera y pasamos por todas las habitaciones4 7b7 ,to go out has two translations1 salir1 to leave1 and apagarse1 to be extinguished4 ,they have all gone out to take a walk4 ,todos han salido a dar un paseo4 ,all of a sudden all the lights in the house went out4 ,de repente se apagaron todas las luces en la casa4 7c7 ,to go on1 continue1 is rendered continuar or seguir4 ,he went on talking as if he had not seen me4 ,sigui 7continu7 hablando como si no me hubiera visto4 7d7 ,to go to bed is rendered acostarse2 to go to sleep1 dormirse4 ,i can't go to sleep when ,i go to bed so early4 ,no puedo dormirme cuando me acuesto tan temprano4 ,many other translations of to go may be obtained by paraphrasing4 ,so1 to go back1 return1 volver2 to go into1 investigate1 investigar2 to go by1 judge by1 juzgar por1 etc4 #aa4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,me voy un rato con este amigo4 #b4 ,ya se apag el fuego4 #c4 ,todos quedaron menos l1 que se fu en seguida4 #d4 ,puesto que llueve a cntaros no salimos esta maana4 #e4 ,ya es hora de volver1 no8 #f4 ,nos iremos maana si hace buen tiempo4 #g4 ,no hemos recibido noticias de ellos desde que se fueron4 #h4 ,entonces vimos que los nios se haban dormido4 #i4 ,siguen riendo y charlando mientras esperan la llegada de los otros4 #aj4 ,treme ac un fsforo4 ,se me ha apagado la lmpara4 7b7 #a4 ,since ,i can't come to see you1 ,i ask you to come to see me4 #b4 ,i lent him my fountain pen last week and ,i have not seen it since4 #c4 ,i am sleepy1 but ,i can't go to sleep4 #d4 ,go back at once6 ,the others have all gone4 #e4 ,don't go out until you see them go in4 #f4 ,it is very cold in this room since the fire went out4 #g4 ,i shall go on making preparations for their visit4 #h4 ,it was so warm in the room that we almost went to sleep4 #i4 ,he is ill and has had to go to bed4 ,he hasn't been well since he came home4 #aj4 ,are you going now8 ,well1 ,i will go with you4 ,,lesson ,v ,mientras uno es joven1 siempre hay esperanza de mejorar la fortuna4#e--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 #ab4 ,english long is usually rendered largo1 but in expressions of time it is often translated mucho4 ,this is the longest street in the city4 ,we lived here for a long time4 ,esta es la calle ms larga de la ciudad4 ,vivimos aqu por mucho tiempo4 ,i have not seen them for a long time4 ,no los he visto desde hace mucho tiempo4 ,note4--,when a phrase expressing duration of time introduced by for is equivalent to since 444 ago1 for is translated desde hace4 7a7 ,the phrase to be long 7in71 followed by a verbal in -ing1 expressed or understood1 is rendered tardar 7en71 followed by an infinitive expressed or understood4 ,have patience6 ,you will not be long in learning how to do it4 ,ten paciencia6 ,no tardars en aprender a hacerlo4 ,you go now4 ,i will follow4--,all right1 but don't be long4 ,vete ahora4 ,yo te seguir4--,bueno1 pero no tardes4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 7b7 ,tardar en may also be used to translate the expression before long4 ,they will be back before long4 ,no tardarn en volver4 7c7 ,the adverbial phrases no longer1 any longer are translated ya no4 ,i wonder why they are so long4 ,i can't wait any longer4 ,por qu tardarn tanto8 ,ya no puedo esperar ms4 7d7 ,the conjunctive phrase as long as is rendered mientras4 ,as long as it was raining we could not go out4 ,mientras llova no podamos salir4 #ac4 ,the word before as an adverb is rendered antes2 as a conjunction1 antes que2 as a preposition of time1 antes de2 as a preposition of place1 it is rendered delante de or ante1 the latter being used especially with the meaning of in the presence of4 ,i had never done that before4 ,no haba hecho eso antes4 ,before he went away he said that he would be back before long4 ,antes que se fu me dijo que no tardara en volver4 ,before taking it you ought to have spoken to me4 ,antes de cogerla debi usted hablar conmigo4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,he wanted to appear before them as a millionaire4 ,quera presentarse delante de ellos como millonario4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,they look at the gypsy who stops before them4 ,miran al hngaro que se para ante ellos4--,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 ,note4--,antes also translates ,english formerly4 #ad4 ,the verb to know1 meaning to be acquainted with1 is conocer2 otherwise to know and to know how are rendered saber4 ,i know the family1 but ,i don't know where they live4 ,conozco a la familia1 pero no s donde viven4 ,i know how to sew1 ,i know how to cook1 ,i know how to wash clothes4 ,yo s coser1 yo s guisar1 yo s lavar la ropa4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,note4--,conocer also translates ,english to make the acquaintance of4 #ae4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,no s como he vivido tanto tiempo con ellos4 #b4 ,bien ha tardado ,vd4 esta noche6 #c4 ,cunto tiempo espera ,vd4 pasar aqu8 #d4 ,dgales que yo quiero verlas antes que salgan4 #e4 ,no s leer el espaol pero conozco las obras de ,benavente en traduccin4 #f4 ,no tardamos en saber lo que haba hecho4 #g4 ,antes de escribir los ejercicios tenemos que estudiar las reglas4 #h4 ,antes era rico1 ya no lo es4 #i4 ,en el abecedario viene la a ante la be4 #aj4 ,puesto que no puedo quedarme ms tiempo1 tendr ,vd4 que acabarlo solo4 7b7 #a4 ,do you know the works of ,blasco ,ibez8 #b4 ,how long have you been here8 #c4 ,i don't know how to describe it to you4 #d4 ,i don't know how long he has been ill4 #e4 ,before ,i speak ,i want to know how much you know4 #f4 ,do you know this song8 ,yes1 but ,i don't know how to sing it4 #g4 ,before buying the house he told me that he had known the owner for a long time4 #h4 ,ask him if he knows who has lived in it since4 #i4 ,i knew him before he went to live there4 #aj4 ,i'm sure ,i shall see him before long4 ,,lesson ,,vi ,ya ves que no hay que fiar de sueos4#f --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 #af4 ,the ,english to get has so many different translations in ,spanish that it is always advisable to paraphrase it before translating4 ,so3 ,i am going to get 7buy7 some bread4 ,we are going to get 7fetch or bring7 our books4 ,he gets 7receives7 his money here4 ,the lion got out 7escaped74 ,we got back 7arrived1 returned7 this morning4 ,it gets 7grows1 becomes7 dark early4 ,in such examples as the last1 however1 the alternatives are also verbs that present some difficulty in translations3 and many of the compounds of get and a preposition must be learned literally4 ,he got 7obtained7 what he wanted4 ,obtuvo lo que quera4 ,there is no more sugar4 ,i shall have to go and get some4 ,no hay ms azcar4 ,tendr que ir a comprar ms4 ,have you sent the boy to get the car8 ,ha mandado usted al mozo a traer el automvil8 ,i get a letter from home every ,tuesday4 ,recibo carta de casa todos los martes4 ,there was a fire at the ,zological ,gardens yesterday and a lion got out 7away74 ,hubo incendio en los jardines zoolgicos ayer y se escap un len4 7a7 ,to get meaning to grow or become is translated ponerse or hacerse1 the former indicating a temporary change of state1 the latter a more permanent one4 ,she gets very cross if she has to wait for us4 ,se pone muy enojada 7enfadada7 si tiene que esperarnos4 ,he got rich quickly1 but his methods couldn't be admired4 ,se hizo rico pronto1 pero sus mtodos no podan admirarse4 7b7 ,to get along with1 speaking of persons1 may be rendered entenderse con1 or congeniar con3 when the object is a thing1 the translation is servirse de4 ,to get along without is translated pasarse sin4 ,he doesn't get along very well with his oldest brother4 ,no se entiende muy bien con su hermano mayor4 ,i shall have to get along with this knife since there is no other4 ,tendr que servirme de este cuchillo puesto que no hay otro4 ,i get along without a laundress now that my daughter is at home4 ,yo me paso sin lavandera ya que est en casa mi hija4 7c7 ,to get into and out of vehicles are rendered subir a and bajar de4 ,they get out of one automobile and into another4 ,bajaron de un automvil y subieron a otro4 7d7 ,to get out of the way may be rendered apartarse del camino or quitarse de en medio4 ,you know that to me she is always at home4 ,get out of the way6 ,sabe ,vd4 que para m siempre est4 ,qutese de en medio6 --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 7e7 ,to get up1 rise1 is rendered levantrse or ponerse de pie4 ,i got up very1 very early this morning4 ,esta maana me levant muy de madrugada4 ,when the teacher spoke to the pupil the latter got up4 ,cuando habl el maestro al discpulo se puso de pie ste4 #ag4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,el coche se detuvo delante de la puerta y bajaron dos seores4 #b4 ,primero tenemos que apartar del camino este montn de piedras4 #c4 ,se levant ,vd4 tarde hoy4 #d4 ,queremos deshacernos de nuestro viejo automvil4 #e4 ,los tejados se ponen blancos4 #f4 ,las abejas sacan la miel de las flores4 #g4 ,no se sabe como han logrado entrar en la casa los ladrones4 #h4 ,aunque cerramos la puerta con llave lograron salir4 #i4 ,le he mandado a traerme otro cuchillo1 porque ste no corta4 #aj4 ,baja de este muro en seguida si no quieres caer4 7b7 #a4 ,the fruit is getting ripe now4 #b4 ,you ought to get rid of the old house before you buy a new one4 #c4 ,we shall have to get up early to catch that train4 #d4 ,mother is in the kitchen getting dinner4 #e4 ,how dark the sky is getting4 ,i think there will be a storm4 #f4 ,as ,i was getting up this morning my mother called to me and said1 ,hurry up1 ,john1 ,i want you to go and get some milk for breakfast4 #g4 ,since there is no ink we shall have to get along with pencils4 #h4 ,my parents do not like to get letters written in pencil4 #i4 ,that company gets out beautiful illustrated books4 #aj4 ,he has been ill and has not been able to get out for a long time4 ,,lesson ,,vii ,vale ms una sola cosa buena que muchas medianas4#g --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #ah4 ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,we must not remain longer in this house4 #b4 ,i must go and ,i will go4 ,but1 where8 ,who knows8 #c4 ,if you want to know1 ask her4 #d4 ,he is here again and he knows that we are in this house4 #e4 ,man1 you are right4 ,you must be right sometimes4 #f4 ,i am not to blame because he is not here4 #g4 ,these are for me1 but ,i will give you these for those4 #h4 ,you don't know what you are asking for4 #i4 ,he is hungry and cold1 but not ashamed4 #aj4 ,send the maid to get some vegetables4 7b7 #a4 ,do you know how old he is8 #b4 ,how deep is this well8 #c4 ,it is not his fault that he has not been successful4 #d4 ,ask them if they are hungry8 #e4 ,father has gone out for a lamp because all the electric lights have gone out4 #f4 ,we shall get there before long4 #g4 ,have you ever been here before8 ,yes1 but not for a long time4 #h4 ,mother's going to get me a new hat4 #i4 ,this store always closes for an hour at noon4 #aj4 ,it's a pity this young man does not get along better with his parents4 #aa4 ,before you go1 go and ask ,john if he got the tickets for to-night4 ,,lesson ,,viii ,mira las estrellas6 ,cuentan cuentos dulces las estrellas y hacen compaa4#h--,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 #ai4 ,the verb to look or look at is rendered mirar1 the at remaining untranslated4 ,looking through the window1 ,i saw that my friend was looking at the flowers4 ,mirando por la ventana1 vi que mi amiga miraba las flores4 7a7 ,to look 7as if7 is rendered parecer4 ,the impersonal it looks as if may be translated segn parece1 or por lo visto4 ,you look very tired4 ,it looks as if you had been working too hard4 ,parece ,vd4 muy cansada4 ,ha trabajado ,vd4 demasiado segn parece4 ,it looks as if he had determined to stop our talking4 ,parece que se ha propuesto impedirnos hablar4--,,los ,,quintero4 7b7 ,to look for or look up is translated buscar4 ,i don't know where they went4 ,for my part ,i'm not looking for them4 ,yo no s a donde iban4 ,por mi parte no los busco4--,,jos ,m,,rmol4 #bj4 ,english little as an adjective of size is rendered pequeo1 chico1 or menudo4 ,we have just rented that little house across the street4 ,acabamos de alquilar esa casa pequea al otro lado de la calle4 ,are the little folks coming too8 ,vienen tambin la gente menuda8 7a7 ,denoting quantity little is rendered poco4 ,why1 you went to bed a little after ten6 ,si te acostaste a poco ms de las diez6--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,it is a matter of little importance4 ,es asunto de poca importancia4 7b7 ,as an adverb of degree little is rendered poco1 algo1 or un tanto4 ,the price is a little high1 isn't it8 ,a little1 yes4 ,es algo subido el precio1 no8 ,un tanto1 si4 #ba4 ,english there as an adverb is translated ah1 all1 or all1 the last being the form used with verbs of motion4 ,used with a verb that doesn't express motion1 all indicates approximate situation while all always indicates definite situation4 ,i wonder where my hat can be4 ,i left it there on the table4 ,dnde estar mi sombrero8 ,lo dej all en la mesa4 ,i don't know where he has gone1 but he went over there4 ,no se adnde habr ido1 pero se fu por all4 7a7 ,there is1 there was1 there will be1 etc41 are translated by the various tenses of haber1 the verb always being in the singular4 ,there is one here now4 ,there were two before4 ,hay uno aqu ahora4 ,antes haba dos4 ,there are absurdities in the spiritual life as in the natural4 ,hay absurdos en la vida del espritu como en la naturaleza4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 7b7 ,there as an exclamatory word has many renderings which can best be learned by observation4 ,note the following examples4 ,there1 there1 don't cry6 ,you'll wake mother4 ,vamos1 vamos1 no llores6 ,despertars a la madre4 ,there6 ,i told you you would break it4 ,ya se ve6 ,te dije que ibas a quebrarlo4 ,there's a beautiful house6 ,vaya una casa hermosa6 #bb4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,dgale que yo voy all en seguida4 #b4 ,vaya una muchacha guapa6 ,quin es8 #c4 ,parece que nunca van a terminar4 #d4 ,habr reunin all maana por la maana4 #e4 ,es muy chico4 ,me gustara ms si fuese un tantito ms grande4 #f4 ,parece que va a llover4 ,tal vez habr tempestad4 #g4 ,los chicos quieren ir a la playa1 pero ya es un poco tarde para eso4 #h4 ,he perdido un guante4 ,quieres volver a buscrmelo8 #i4 ,mire ,vd4 cunta gente hay en la calle6 #aj4 ,parece ms joven1 pero la verdad es que tiene algo ms edad que yo4 7b7 #a4 ,were you there when the accident occurred8 #b4 ,there were ten boys in the class4 ,how many are there in your class8 #c4 ,oh1 look6 ,there goes a deer4 ,there's a pretty little animal6 #d4 ,we shall be there for an hour4 ,we went there last year1 too4 #e4 ,how does it look to you8 ,i haven't looked at it well yet4 #f4 ,i need a little more milk4 ,who will go and get me some8 #g4 ,the little money that ,i had was not sufficient4 #h4 ,there had been a terrible storm and the little city had suffered not a little damage4 #i4 ,look up these words in the dictionary4 #aj4 ,look out6 7,cuidado67 ,there comes an automobile4 ,there's a reckless driver 7for you76 ,,lesson ,,ix ,las frutas se comen4 ,las flores se huelen1 nada ms4#i --,,los ,,quintero4 #bc4 ,the verb to grow1 meaning to cultivate or be cultivated1 is translated cultivar or cultivarse2 meaning to increase in size it is crecer or aumentarse2 meaning to become it is rendered ponerse or hacerse1 the first expressing temporary1 the second approximately permanent1 change4 ,to grow up is translated criarse4 ,in the ,argentine ,republic they grow much wheat4 ,en la ,repblica ,argentina cultivan 7se cultiva7 mucho trigo4 ,why6 ,how this child has grown6 ,vaya1 que ha crecido este nio6 ,the number grows year by year4 ,el nmero se aumenta de ao en ao4 ,she must be ill4 ,she is growing thinner day by day4 ,debe estar mala4 ,se pone ms delgada de da en da4 ,by means of gymnastic exercises he has grown very strong4 ,por medio de ejercicios gimnsticos se ha hecho muy fuerte4 ,this child grew up with her mother until she was five years old4 ,esta nia se cri junto a su madre hasta tener cinco aos4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #bd4 ,the word just has numerous renderings in ,spanish4 ,as an adjective it is justo4 ,since our cause is just1 we shall win4 ,puesto que es justa nuestra causa1 venceremos4 7a7 ,meaning only it may be translated by the adverb slo1 or by the phrases nada ms or no 444 ms que 7de before numerals74 ,nada ms is placed at the end of the sentence4 ,there were just twenty persons present4 ,asistieron slo veinte personas 7no ms de veinte personas2 veinte personas nada ms74 ,how much do you want8 ,i have just a pound4 ,cunto quiere usted8 ,no tengo ms que una libra4 ,note4--,if this sentence meant exactly a pound1 the translation would be una libra justa2 so always when just equals exactly4 ,we just came to look for a pencil and paper for ,patros4 ,no venimos ms que a buscar lpiz y papel para ,patros4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,for you must know1 my son1 that the dreaming of the old is just remembering4 ,porque has de saber1 hijo mo1 que el soar de los viejos es slo recordar4--,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 ,it was just the door closing4 ,era la puerta que se cerraba1 nada ms4 7b7 ,meaning at this or that moment1 just is translated en este or ese mismo momento2 or it may be implied in the present or imperfect tenses4 ,the door is just closing4 ,se cierra la puerta4 ,the door was just closing4 ,se cerraba la puerta4 ,the phrase en este mismo momento makes the just more emphatic4 7c7 ,in expressions of time of day just is rendered en punto2 just now is hace poco or hace un ratito1 referring to past time1 ahora or al momento when present time is understood2 just yet is rendered todava4 ,what time is it8 ,it is just eight o'clock4 ,qu hora es8 ,son las ocho en punto4 ,i saw them just now and they said they were coming4 ,los vi hace poco y dijeron que iban a venir4 ,i'm sorry ,i can't go with you1 but ,i'm very busy just now4 ,siento no poder acompaarle1 pero al momento estoy muy ocupado4 ,it isn't ready just yet4 ,i will call you as soon as it is4 ,no est listo todava4 ,le llamar en cuanto lo est4 7d7 ,have just and had just with a past participle are translated by the present and imperfect of the verb acabar followed by de and the infinitive of the verb that in ,english is in the participle4 ,he has just arrived4 ,acaba de llegar4 ,he had just gone4 ,acababa de marcharse4 #be4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,hacemos este viaje slo por placer4 #b4 ,el sol acababa de ponerse4 #c4 ,no poda soportar que su nica hija se criase como un muchacho4 #d4 ,hablbamos de la posibilidad de su llegada1 nada ms4 #e4 ,ya se ve6 ,crise sin madre casi sin nodriza4 #f4 ,esto ocurri hace un ao4 ,no1 hace tres meses justos4 #g4 ,un momento nada ms y sales dicindoles que tienes que hacer en la casa4 #h4 ,el tabaco no se cultiva en este estado4 #i4 ,estos nios crecen como la mala hierba4 #aj4 ,son las ocho en punto y dicen que acaban de llegar las distinguidas visitas4 7b7 #a4 ,i am just going4 ,do you want to go with me8 #b4 ,we grow just flowers in our garden4 #c4 ,what are you doing8 ,i'm just reading4 #d4 ,they have just come in and they say it is just beginning to rain4 #e4 ,when we got there he had just begun to speak4 #f4 ,that is just what ,i was going to say4 #g4 ,it was growing darker and we could only just see4 #h4 ,this is just for the little girls4 #i4 ,how you have grown6 ,the other day you were just a little boy4 #aj4 ,he is growing weaker every day4 ,,lesson ,x ,en ,dios confa quien adora la verdad4#aj --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #bf4 ,english after as a preposition of time is rendered despus de2 as a preposition of place or direction it is tras or en pos de2 as a conjunction it is despus que4 ,and so the boats kept on appearing one after the other4 ,y as fueron apareciendo unas tras otras las lanchas4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,the boats were disappearing one after the other behind the cape4 ,las lanchas se fueron ocultando una en pos de otra detrs del cabo4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,we will help you after dinner4 ,le ayudaremos despus de la comida4 ,after we have finished1 we will go4 ,despus que hayamos acabado1 nos iremos4 7a7 ,afterwards is despus4 ,the day after to-morrow is pasado maana4 ,afterwards ,i found out that he was earning his living as a public letter writer4 ,despus supe que ganaba la vida trabajando de memorialista4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,i have to see them the day after to-morrow4 ,tengo que verlos pasado maana4 #bg4 ,the verb to help meaning to assist1 aid1 is rendered ayudar or asistir4 ,i have so much to do and nobody wants to help me4 ,tengo tanto que hacer y nadie quiere ayudarme4 7a7 ,to help in the sense of to prevent1 avoid1 is rendered evitar4 ,i couldn't help his doing it1 but he couldn't help it either4 ,yo no poda evitar que l lo hiciese1 pero l no poda evitarlo tampoco4 7b7 ,can't help and couldn't help1 followed by an unmodified present participle1 are rendered by the present and the imperfect of the verb poder and the phrase menos de with the infinitive4 ,otherwise1 ,i can't help1 couldn't help1 etc41 may be rendered ,yo no tengo 7tena7 la culpa de que4 ,i can't help confessing that ,i am sorry4 ,no puedo menos de confesar que lo siento4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,i couldn't help knowing that you were talking of us4 ,no poda menos de saber que ,vd4 hablaba de nosotros4 ,note4--,when the verbal in -ing is modified by a possessive1 translate as in 7a74 7c7 ,it can't be helped is translated no hay remedio4 ,i thought it could be avoided1 but now it can't be helped4 ,cre que podra evitarse1 pero ya no hay remedio4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 #bh4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,vaya a buscarla despus de comer4 #b4 ,no querra hacerlo1 pero no haba otro remedio4 #c4 ,quisiera dejarlo para despus que oscurezca4 #d4 ,despus de acabar ,vd4 con ese libro dmelo a m4 #e4 ,la ayudaba1 s1 pero no poda menos de creer que lo haca sin querer4 #f4 ,no me gusta dejarlo hacer por manos ajenas1 pero no hay remedio4 #g4 ,despus que habamos caminado dos horas1 los alcanzamos4 #h4 ,no puedo menos de querer que vengan4 #i4 ,estaba todava muy dbil y tenamos que asistirle cuando querra andar4 #aj4 ,los nios llegan pasado maana y los padres unos das despus4 7b7 #a4 ,it isn't ready yet1 but ,i can't help it4 #b4 ,do you want me to help you8 #c4 ,i can't help feeling sorry that they have done that4 #d4 ,we knew that it couldn't be helped4 #e4 ,i have just seen him1 and ,i can't help thinking that he must be ill4 #f4 ,she couldn't help hoping that she would get what she wanted4 #g4 ,after a short time he could walk without our help4 #h4 ,the dog ran after his master after he succeeded in getting out of the house4 #i4 ,after the rain had ceased they went out and we did not see them afterwards4 #aj4 ,he knows it is not well done1 but he says he can't help it4 ,,lesson ,,xi ,cuando uno no quiere1 dos no rien4#aa --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 #bi4 ,english here is rendered aqu denoting place where and ac with a verb of motion4 ,here lived a member of my husband's family4 ,aqu habitaba un individuo de la familia de mi esposo4 --,,jos ,m,,rmol4 ,go and tell him to please come here4 ,ve y dile que tenga la bondad de venir ac4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,note4--,aqu is sometimes found with verbs of motion1 but ac is the commoner form4 7a7 ,here accompanying the offer of something may be rendered by the imperative of tomar1 to take1 or by aqu with the verb tener4 ,haven't you a pencil8 ,well1 here4 ,i have two4 ,no tiene usted lpiz8 ,pues1 tome4 ,yo tengo dos4 ,here's the money they gave me for you4 ,aqu tiene usted el dinero que me dieron para usted4 7b7 ,to be here in the sense of to arrive is translated llegar4 ,they will be here in time according to what they write me4 ,llegarn a tiempo segn me escriben4 #cj4 ,english well as an adverb is translated bien2 as an adjective it is bueno4 ,as an introductory word having no grammatical connection with the rest of the sentence it is rendered bien1 bueno1 or pues4 ,with exclamatory force it may be rendered vaya6 or toma6 ,it is very well made1 isn't it8 ,est muy bien hecho1 no8 ,he must stay here until he gets well4 ,debe quedar aqu hasta que se ponga bueno4 ,well1 that's done4 ,and now what else is there to do8 ,bueno 7bien71 ya est hecho eso4 ,y ahora1 qu ms hay que hacer8 ,well1 ,i feel ill1 very ill4 ,pues yo me siento mal1 muy mal4--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,well6 ,here am ,i to get everybody out of difficulties4 ,vaya6 ,aqu estoy yo para sacar de apuros a todo el mundo4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 #ca4 ,the verb to hold as a synonym of to have is translated tener2 meaning to contain it is contener4 ,when it indicates that a thing has a certain capacity it is translated caber en4 ,in this last sense the ,english subject becomes in ,spanish the object of the preposition en1 while the ,english object becomes the subject of caber4 ,he held his hat in his hand all the time4 ,tena el sombrero en la mano todo el tiempo4 ,this box holds all that ,i want4 ,este cajn contiene todo lo que yo necesito4 ,we shall have to get another sack4 ,this one holds only a pound4 ,tendremos que buscar otro saco4 ,en ste cabe solo una libra4 ,contiene solo una libra would mean there is only a pound in it4 ,note4--,a very common expression is no cabe duda1 which translates there is no doubt4 7a7 ,the phrase to hold out has many translations1 according to its meanings as here illustrated4 ,he held out 7offered7 his hand to me4 ,me ofreci la mano4 ,he held out his hand for the money4 ,extendi la mano para el dinero4 ,he held out 7persisted7 for a week4 ,se mantuvo firme por una semana4 ,the coffee held out 7there was enough74 ,hubo bastante cafe4 #cb4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,el vino ac en el tranva4 #b4 ,pues1 que lo haga tan bien como yo lo he hecho4 #c4 ,no caban en el barco ms de cuatro personas4 #d4 ,bsqueme un cesto ms grande4 ,en ste no caben las manzanas4 #e4 ,el cajn contena frutas y dulces4 #f4 ,y la familia8 ,estn todos buenos segn me escriben4 #g4 ,con tal que haya bastante harina1 no nos falta ms4 #h4 ,est cansadsimo4 ,no s si se le mantendrn las fuerzas hasta que llegue a casa4 #i4 ,vaya6 ,usted aqu8 ,y desde cundo8 7b7 #a4 ,this bottle will not hold all that ink4 #b4 ,well1 what shall ,i do with what is left8 #c4 ,put it here and get another bottle4 #d4 ,new countries hold out better opportunities to young men than to old ones4 #e4 ,well1 everything is ready for them when they get here4 #f4 ,he held out the sack to show me what it held4 #g4 ,i can't help thinking that he is too young for the office that he holds4 #h4 ,how much is it8 ,well1 here's the money4 #i4 ,how many books will this bookcase hold8 #aj4 ,there is not the least doubt that they knew that the box held money4 ,,lesson ,,xii ,dios no hace las cosas a medias4#ab --,,jos ,m,,rmol4 #cc4 ,the adverb so expressing manner is rendered as1 thus2 as an adverb of degree so is tan4 ,so much and so many are rendered tanto1 -a1 tantos1 -as1 when used adjectively or pronominally4 ,as an adverb so much is tanto4 ,and ,i am to live so1 as long as ,i am alone4 ,y as he de vivir mientras est solo4--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,i didn't know that it was so hard to do that4 ,yo no saba que era tan difcil hacer eso4 ,that's why they make so many mistakes 7are mistaken so many times74 ,de ah que se equivoquen tantas veces4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,i don't need so much4 ,you take what's left4 ,yo no necesito tanto4 ,tome usted lo que sobra4 7a7 ,used in the manner of a neuter pronoun so is rendered lo4 ,i asked him to call them and he did so at once4 ,le rogu los llamase y lo hizo en seguida4 7b7 ,in such expressions as ,i think so1 ,i believe so1 he says so1 where so stands for an affirmative clause1 it is translated que s4 ,is it going to snow8 ,john says so4 ,va a nevar8 ,juan dice que s4 ,i think so1 he said1 taking the instruments from the man's hands4 ,creo que s1 dijo1 tomando los instrumentos de las manos del hombre4 --,,jos ,m,,rmol4 7c7 ,the conjunctive phrase and so is rendered y as when it is equal to and therefore4 ,when it is equivalent to well1 then1 it is rendered conque4 ,we weren't busy1 and so we could help them4 ,nosotros no estbamos ocupados y as podamos ayudarlos4 ,and so you say they are to be here at five o'clock8 ,conque1 dice usted que han de estar aqu a las cinco8 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #cd4 ,english to keep in its simplest meaning of to retain is rendered guardar or quedarse con4 ,it has many other meanings1 most of which may be obtained by paraphrase4 ,so3 to keep 7observe7 a holiday2 to keep quiet 7be still1 stop talking72 to keep out 7not to enter72 to keep in 7not to let go out72 to keep on 7to continue1 or not to take off72 to keep from 7to hinder1 prevent1 abstain from74 ,well1 ,i'm going to keep what ,i have4 ,pues1 yo voy a quedarme con lo que tengo4 ,at home we keep all the national holidays4 ,en casa observamos todas las fiestas nacionales4 ,well1 ,i agree1 and ,i keep on sacrificing myself4 ,pues1 me conformo1 y sigo sacrificndome4--,,echegaray4 ,the noise of the street kept him from sleeping4 ,el ruido de la calle le impidi el dormir4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,tell them to come back4 ,i will keep them just a moment4 ,dgales que vuelvan4 ,los detendr un momento1 nada ms4 #ce4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,as es1 por desgracia4 ,no te espero hoy4 #b4 ,la cordera sigui corriendo y lleg a lo alto de las peas4 #c4 ,guard un asiento vaco junto al suyo4 #d4 ,ha retenido la mitad de lo que me debe4 #e4 ,su enfermedad le impidi que adelantara en sus estudios4 #f4 ,si todos nos mantenemos quietos1 no sabrn que estmos aqu4 #g4 ,yo le dije que callase1 pero sigui hablando4 #h4 ,conque1 se marchan ustedes hoy no8 7b7 #a4 ,i don't know why she wants so much to see me4 #b4 ,of course if she wants to go1 ,i can't keep her from it4 #c4 ,she keeps on writing to me1 asking me not to keep it4 #d4 ,has he kept back more than he should8 ,they say so4 #e4 ,he always keeps out of the house when he sees that the maid has just cleaned the floors4 #f4 ,in ,spain and ,south ,america they keep all the church holidays4 #g4 ,this lesson is not so hard 7difficult74 #h4 ,if it keeps on raining1 you must keep on your raincoats4 #i4 ,i tried to keep the children from making so much noise4 #aj4 ,keep them out of this room for just a few minutes4 ,,lesson ,,xiii ,mi opulencia es la sencillez2 mi lujo1 la sobriedad2 mi reposo1 el trabajo4#ac--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #cf4 ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,ask as many questions as you want to4 #b4 ,i have not been so busy for a long time4 #c4 ,i asked the young lady how much the hat was4 #d4 ,well1 we will look for it here and if we can't find it we will send him to get another4 #e4 ,we had been gone for an hour when they got here4 #f4 ,this is a situation that cannot last longer4 #g4 ,you will get better4 ,why 7si71 you are better6 #h4 ,did you know that man before8 ,yes1 ,i made his acquaintance last year4 #i4 ,i have just seen your parents go in4 ,it is just eight o'clock4 7b7 #a4 ,he can't help seeing that it is too large4 #b4 ,the poor girl looks ill4 #c4 ,i don't know how she has been able to work so long4 #d4 ,i am waiting for my brother2 ,i can't get in till he comes because ,i have lost my key4 #e4 ,ah1 here he comes4 ,i was just going to send some one to look for you4 #f4 ,even the teacher couldn't help laughing4 #g4 ,i have not seen the sun since morning4 ,i'm sure it will rain before night4 #h4 ,it is impossible to know how to speak a language well without practice4 #i4 ,shall you be here when we get back8 #aj4 ,if ,i can get him to lend me the money1 ,i will buy it from 7a7 you4 7c7 #a4 ,how long do you think they will be able to hold out8 #b4 ,in her arms she held a pretty little girl4 #c4 ,i have only a very little1 nevertheless this valise won't hold it4 #d4 ,this little basket just holds a dozen4 #e4 ,this pitcher holds just a quart4 #f4 ,keep a place for me near you4 #g4 ,i asked him who said so4 #h4 ,i don't know what to do with so many books and still you keep on buying more4 #i4 ,who says that8 ,he says so4 #aj4 ,is he ready8 ,he says so4 ,,lesson ,,xiv ,el hombre que se avergenza de ser feliz debe andar en cuatro pies4#ad--,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 #cg4 ,english to leave has three principal translations4 ,meaning to depart it is rendered partir2 meaning to go out of it is salir2 and meaning to allow to remain it is dejar4 ,he left for ,london yesterday4 ,parti para ,londres ayer4 ,for two months ,i haven't been able to leave the house4 ,hace dos meses que no puedo salir de la casa4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,the train had left him in the ,east station4 ,el tren le haba dejado en la estacin del ,este4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 7a7 ,in the sense of to let1 dejar is used4 ,leave the poor child alone6 ,he's not bothering you4 ,djale al pobre nio6 ,no te molesta a t4 7b7 ,to leave off in the sense of to stop is rendered dejar de or cesar de1 followed by the infinitive4 ,he left off coming when he found out that he was not congenial to us4 ,dej de venir cuando supo que no nos era simptico4 --,,benavente4 7c7 ,to have something left is translated quedar or sobrar4 ,i know you have no time left for social life4 ,ya s que no le sobra tiempo para la vida social4--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,i used to have a lot1 but ,i have very little left now4 ,antes tena mucho1 pero me queda muy poco ahora4 ,i gave him four1 but he has only two left now4 ,le d cuatro1 pero ya no le quedan ms de dos4 ,note4--,in this construction notice that the ,english subject becomes the indirect object of the verbs quedar and sobrar1 while the thing left is the subject4 ,the ,spanish says literally1 to him are left only two4 ,note also the order3 object1 verb1 subject4 #ch4 ,to let1 meaning to allow1 is rendered dejar4 ,the poor woman has died of fatigue4 ,let her rest in peace4 ,la pobre mujer ha muerto de fatiga4 ,dejadla que descanse en paz4--,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 7a7 ,when let is used with the third person in the sense of a command it is translated by que with the subjunctive4 ,when the verb is in the first person plural1 the que is omitted4 ,let ,john take these letters to the post-office at once4 ,que ,juan lleve estas cartas al correo en seguida4 ,let's go now4 ,no1 let us sit down here for a moment4 ,vmonos ahora4 ,no1 sentmonos aqu por unos momentos4 7b7 ,to let in1 out1 up1 down1 through are translated dejar entrar1 salir1 subir1 bajar1 pasar por4 ,don't let that dog in4 ,i have just put him out4 ,no dejes entrar a ese perro4 ,acabo de hacerle salir4 ,they couldn't open the door1 but they let me in through the window4 ,no podan abrir la puerta1 pero me dejaron entrar por la ventana4 #ci4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,salga ,vd4 de la sala y no vuelva ,vd4 a entrar4 #b4 ,si no han partido todava1 dgales que quiero verlos antes que se marchen4 #c4 ,no salimos de la casa antes que dej de llover4 #d4 ,no s si me dejarn acompaarla a usted4 #e4 ,que vayan a trarmelo en seguida4 #f4 ,les sobrar mucho8 ,creo que s4 #g4 ,partimos maana en el tren de la maana4 #h4 ,su madre no quiere dejarle acompaarnos4 #i4 ,las mujeres dejaban sus ocupaciones de la casa y salan a las puertas4 #aj4 ,todava me queda la pequea casa que me dej mi padre4 7b7 #a4 ,we will not let you leave until it leaves off raining4 #b4 ,they have all left their umbrellas at home4 #c4 ,when he had paid for his dinner he had two dollars left4 #d4 ,they left five minutes ago4 #e4 ,i have just one old umbrella left for myself4 #f4 ,let ,mary let them in through the kitchen door4 #g4 ,let's ask him how many he has left4 #h4 ,if ,i have any money left after ,i have bought all the things that they are asking me for1 ,i will let you take it4 #i4 ,we can't do much with what is left4 ,,lesson ,,xv ,la ley es ,dios--o debe serlo4#ae --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #dj4 ,english now is generally translated ahora1 but when it means already it is rendered ya4 ,i am going to take a walk through the village now4 ,voy a salir a dar una vuelta por el pueblo ahora4 --,,los ,,quintero4 ,i have been a workman in the shops for a week now4 ,soy operario de los talleres hace ya una semana4 --,,los ,,quintero4 7a7 ,the phrases well1 now1 and now1 then1 may be rendered ahora bien4 ,the exclamatory phrase come1 now6 is expressed vamos61 vaya61 or ea6 ,come now1 ,antonio dear1 a little patience6 ,ea1 ,antoito1 un poco de paciencia6--,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,come now6 ,tell me everything4 ,i am your friend4 ,vamos6 ,confemelo todo4 ,yo soy su amiga4 --,,mariano ,,jos ,,de ,,larra4 7b7 ,now 444 now 444 is translated ya 444 ya 444 or ora 444 ora 4444 ,now it was too hot1 now it was too cold for him4 ,ya haca demasiado calor1 ya demasiado fro4 ,note4--,the phrase from now on is translated de aqu en adelante4 #da4 ,english about as a preposition meaning of is translated de2 meaning in regard to or concerning it is rendered acerca de2 meaning almost1 nearly1 in the neighborhood of it is cerca de or ms o menos4 ,what are you talking about8 ,de qu habla usted8 ,i have to write to him about that matter4 ,tengo que escribirle acerca de ese asunto4 ,i have about a hundred4 ,tengo cerca de ciento 7ciento ms o menos74 #db4 ,to be about to is rendered estar al punto de or estar para4 ,when we arrived1 the others were about to leave4 ,al llegar nosotros1 estaban los otros para salir4 #dc4 ,the verb to feel meaning to experience1 perceive is rendered sentir2 meaning to be of the opinion1 think it is rendered pensar1 ser de la opinion1 parecerle a uno2 meaning to have the feeling of it is rendered ser 444 al tacto2 meaning to touch it is palpar or tentar4 ,i feel for this man a tremendous interest4 ,siento por este hombre un inters tremendo4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,do you feel ill8 ,just a little pain4 ,te sientes malo8 ,un dolorcillo1 nada ms4 --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,well1 ,i feel that it would be better to return now4 ,pues1 a m me parece que sera mejor volver ahora4 ,what's in this bag8 ,it is something that feels hard4 ,qu hay en este saco8 ,es algo que es muy duro al tacto4 ,feel this4 ,it's too hard1 isn't it8 ,palpe 7,tiente7 ste4 ,es demasiado duro1 no8 #dd4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,ahora tengo ganas de bailar4 #b4 ,pero ya no ha de ir usted1 verdad8 #c4 ,por desgracia ya me quedan pocos4 #d4 ,de aqu en adelante se ha de trocar mi adversa fortuna en prspera4 #e4 ,palpaba su chaqueta para ver si estaba mojada4 #f4 ,me gusta mucho esta tela4 ,es muy blanda al tacto4 #g4 ,eran cerca de las ocho cuando oimos sonar una campana4 #h4 ,ya es hora de acabar4 #i4 ,los viejos sienten el fro4 #aj4 ,ya lo vi y ya desapareci de nuevo4 7b7 #a4 ,he feels better now4 ,it's not necessary to call the doctor4 #b4 ,do you want to see them8 ,well1 they have come now4 #c4 ,he has about two hundred books in his library4 #d4 ,come now6 ,you know what ,i told you just now 7see ,section #bd 7c774 #e4 ,feel his hands4 ,how cold they are6 #f4 ,it was about six o'clock when we felt the first shock of the earthquake4 #g4 ,he was feeling his way 7to feel one's way1 andar a tientas7 in the dark corridor4 #h4 ,we do not feel safe here1 but father feels that it would be foolish to go out just now4 ,,lesson ,,xvi ,hacer bien a los villanos es echar agua en la mar4#af --,,cervantes4 #de4 ,english will as an auxiliary has two meanings4 ,as denoting simple futurity it is in ,spanish included in the future form of the verb4 ,as a synonym of to want to1 will is translated by the present tense of the verb querer4 ,they will get here to-morrow and then ,i will tell them4 ,llegarn maana y se lo dir entonces4 ,i will tell it to as many as 7all who7 will listen to me4 ,lo dir a cuantos quieran oirme4--,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,note4--,in case of doubt substitute is going to or wants to for will4 ,if the former keeps the sense1 use the future tense2 if the latter1 use querer4 7a7 ,shall1 denoting simple futurity1 is included in the future tense4 ,i shall not be able to come4 ,shall you be here8 ,yo no podr venir4 ,estar usted aqu8 ,expressing determination on the part of the speaker1 shall must be translated by a clause or by deber with the infinitive4 ,you say he has stolen your bicycle8 ,well1 he shall return it at once4 ,dice ,vd4 que se le ha robado su bicicleta8 ,pues1 yo har que se la devuelva en seguida1 or debe devolverla4 #df4 ,the word all1 commonly translated todo1 has many different translations which should be learned in the phrases in which they occur4 ,of these the commonest are3 all at once1 all of a sudden1 de repente2 all right1 bueno1 bien1 est bien2 all alone1 solo1 solito2 first of all1 en primer lugar1 ante todo2 not at all1 de ningn modo1 no hay de que 7an expression of courtesy in reply to the person who says thank you72 all over 7everywhere71 por todas partes4 7a7 ,all that or all the 444 that may be translated literally todo lo que or todos los 444 but they are frequently rendered by cuanto and cuantos4 ,up to now ,i did all that was in my power for you4 ,hasta ahora hice cuanto estaba en mis manos por vosotros4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,i have at my disposal all the money that ,i may need4 ,tengo a mi disposicin cuanto dinero pueda necesitar4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,i am very much obliged to you4 ,not at all1 sir1 not at all4 ,le estoy muy agradecido a usted4 ,no hay de que1 seor1 no hay de que4 ,note also the phrase it's all the same 7it makes no difference71 lo mismo da4 #dg4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,no es de ningn modo lo que se llama hombre rico4 #b4 ,ya es tarde4 ,tendr ganas de marcharse4 #c4 ,al decirme la seora ,muchas gracias1 yo respond ,no hay de que1 seora4 #d4 ,le hemos convidado a acompaarnos1 pero no quiere venir4 #e4 ,vendr maana y le prometemos a usted que haremos que vuelva en seguida4 #f4 ,no queremos dejarte solo solito4 ,ven t tambin4 #g4 ,no quiere callarse1 pero lo mismo da4 ,no le hacemos caso4 #h4 ,de repente se puso a buscarlo por todas partes de la casa4 #i4 ,en primer lugar debe devolver todo lo que necesita usted1 ante 7above7 todo los cuadernos4 #aj4 ,vamos a ver4 ,est bien la cuenta8 7b7 #a4 ,is that all you have to do8 ,well1 ,i'm going to look for another job for you4 #b4 ,he says he won't stay here all alone4 #c4 ,is your letter written8 ,well1 my son shall take it to the post-office with mine4 #d4 ,there will be a masked ball this evening4 ,shall you go8 #e4 ,what shall ,i tell them8 ,tell them that we shall not send the things till they ask for them4 #f4 ,all right4 ,tell me when it is all over 7to be all over1 acabarse74 #g4 ,he will give you all you want if you ask him for it4 #h4 ,i have already asked him many times1 but he will not listen to me4 #i4 ,all the brothers ,i have are older than ,i am4 #aj4 ,well1 since they say they will not do it1 ,i shall have to do it myself4 ,,lesson ,,xvii ,es difcil salvar a quien no quiere salvarse de ningn modo4#ag --,,benavente4 #dh4 ,the word way meaning road is translated camino2 meaning manner or mode it is rendered manera or modo4 ,our sailor was on the way to become rich4 ,nuestro marinero estaba en camino de hacerse rico4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,don't talk to me in that way if you don't want to make me cry4 ,no me hables de este modo si no quieres hacerme llorar4 --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 7a7 ,this way and that way indicating direction are rendered por aqu and por all4 ,at any rate 7any way7 ,i shall come this way to see your nephew4 ,de todos modos pasar por aqu para ver a su sobrino4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,when strongly demonstrative this way and that way are rendered as1 thus3 ,do you want me to do it this way or that way8 ,quiere usted que yo lo haga as o as8 7b7 ,my way1 your way1 etc41 meaning as ,i do it1 as you do it1 are rendered como lo hago yo1 como lo hace usted1 etc4 ,to do it your way ,i should need more time4 ,para hacerlo como lo hace usted yo necesitara ms tiempo4 7c7 ,to have one's own way is translated hacer su voluntad or hacer como quiere uno4 ,you don't want to do it8 ,well1 have your own way4 ,no quieres hacerlo8 ,bueno1 haz tu voluntad4 ,they spoil her by letting her have her own way all the time4 ,la miman dejndola hacer como quiere todo el tiempo4 #di4 ,the adjective hard is rendered duro when it means not soft2 difcil1 when it means not easy4 ,as an adverb meaning vigorously1 energetically1 diligently1 it should be rendered by the ,spanish adverb that fits best in the sentence4 ,so1 to study hard 7diligently72 to blow hard 7strongly72 to work hard 7diligently or much72 to think hard 7deeply1 intently74 ,this bread is so hard that it is hard to cut it4 ,este pan es tan duro que es difcil cortarlo4 ,the wind blew hard all night4 ,el viento sopl fuertemente toda la noche4 ,you will have to study harder if you want to pass4 ,tendr ,vd4 que estudiar ms diligentemente si quiere ser promovido4 ,he has had to work hard all his life4 ,ha tenido que trabajar mucho toda la vida4 #ej4 ,the verb to give is generally dar1 but it has many idiomatic translations4 ,so1 to give back 7return71 devolver2 to give in or give up 7consent1 yield71 consentir1 ceder1 rendir2 to give up 7renounce71 renunciar2 to give out 7publish2 fail71 publicar2 acabarse1 concluirse4 ,and now give me something to eat4 ,y ahora dame algo que comer4--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,this man never gives in4 ,este hombre no se rinde nunca4--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,after walking a very short distance1 her strength gave out4 ,despus de andar muy corta distancia1 se le acabaron las fuerzas4 #ea4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,se lo devolv ayer4 #b4 ,primero se acab la harina y despus al azcar4 #c4 ,se proclam 7public1 anunci7 que la reunin se verificara aquel mismo da4 #d4 ,estaba cansado de tanto correr4 #e4 ,habr que renunciar todo eso si quiere tener xito4 #f4 ,vamos por all4 ,es ms corto el camino4 #g4 ,quiere descansar despus de tanto trabajar4 #h4 ,de este modo nunca llegaremos4 #i4 ,hemos hecho lo posible para persuadirles1 pero no quieren ceder4 7b7 #a4 ,if he does it1 he will have to do it my way4 #b4 ,they have not yet given out the names of the committee4 #c4 ,my ink gave out and ,i had to use a pencil4 #d4 ,if you write it that way1 it will be hard to read it4 #e4 ,he gave up his family for his country4 #f4 ,well1 ,i expect to have my own way in regard to this matter4 #g4 ,we took the longest way to get home4 #h4 ,in that way you will never get to where you want to go4 #i4 ,come here6 ,don't get excited in that way4 #aj4 ,it's raining hard now2 if it doesn't stop soon1 it will be hard to get home4 #aa4 ,it's hard work for me to believe that 7say1 it costs me work74 ,,lesson ,,xviii ,yo nunca tengo miedo cuando hago lo que debo4#ah --,,echegaray4 #eb4 ,the verb to think in the sense of to reflect or intend is pensar 7en74 ,as a synonym of to believe it is creer4 ,where it seems to me1 to him1 etc41 may be substituted for ,i think1 he thinks1 etc41 the verb parecer in the third person is used1 the ,english subject becoming the ,spanish indirect object4 ,you will not think of returning to ,salamanca to-day4 ,usted no pensar en regresar a ,salamanca hoy4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,do you think ,i didn't understand8 ,cree usted que yo no lo he comprendido8 --,,jos ,,marm,l4 ,sir1 ,i think you have dropped something4 ,caballero1 me parece que se le ha cado algo4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 #ec4 ,the verb to make in its simplest use is rendered hacer4 ,it has1 however1 a very large number of idiomatic uses that call for other translations4 ,of these1 some of the commonest are3 to make haste1 darse prisa2 to make fun of1 burlarse de1 mofrse de2 to make the acquaintance of1 conocer2 to make up one's mind1 decidirse1 resolverse1 or1 in the perfect tenses1 tener determinado4 ,the machinery was making so much noise that we could not hear what he said4 ,haca tanto ruido la maquinaria que no podamos or lo que dijo4 ,make haste if you don't want to be late4 ,dese prisa si no quiere llegar con retraso4 ,i have come exclusively to make the acquaintance of this young lady4 ,he venido exclusivamente por conocer a esta seorita4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,her brothers1 on the other hand1 made fun of her4 ,sus hermanos en cambio se burlaban de ella4 --,,benavente4 ,when he makes up his mind to do something he does it1 and now he has made up his mind not to keep on helping them4 ,cuando se resuelve 7decide7 a hacer algo lo hace1 y ya tiene determinado que no seguir amparndolos4 7a7 ,to make up for may mean recuperate1 compensate1 or recompense1 and in these senses is translated by the cognate verbs recuperar1 compensar1 recompensar4 ,the money that he has just received from his father will make up for his losses4 ,el dinero que acaba de recibir de su padre le compensar por lo perdido4 ,i'm sorry ,i forgot to tell you4 ,how can ,i make up to you for it8 ,siento haberme olvidado de decrselo4 ,cmo puedo recompensrselo8 #ed4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,al pasar por su cuarto la vieron rezando y se burlaron de ella4 #b4 ,qu le parece mi protegido ya que le conoce usted8 #c4 ,ya tengo bastante en que pensar4 #d4 ,le parecen a usted bien las vendas de este ancho8 #e4 ,no creen ustedes que el trabajar tanto ser perjudicial para su salud8 #f4 ,dgale que se d prisa4 ,ya estamos para partir4 #g4 ,si no se mejora en unos das1 creo que debemos llamar al mdico4 #h4 ,tiene usted las manos limpias8 ,me parece que s4 #i4 ,le conoc el ao pasado en ,londres4 #aj4 ,ya se ha recuperado de sus grandes perdidos4 7b7 #a4 ,we have all made up our minds not to give away all that we possess4 #b4 ,do you think that what ,i want to do is all right8 #c4 ,if you don't make haste you will not have the pleasure of making the acquaintance of the famous author4 #d4 ,we shall have to make up to you what you have suffered through our carelessness4 #e4 ,we are thinking of making up a party to go to the theater to-night4 #f4 ,do you think they will go with us if we ask them8 #g4 ,they very often quarrel1 but they are never long in making up4 #h4 ,wait a minute4 ,i think ,i dropped something4 #i4 ,who made this8 ,it is very well made1 isn't it8 #aj4 ,they have had 7llevado7 a great disappointment1 but this kind offer will make up to them for it4 ,,lesson ,,xix ,los sabios en su vanidad suelen olvidarse de ,dios4#ai --,,benavente4 #ee4 ,the verb to miss has two translations4 ,meaning to feel the absence of it is rendered echar de menos2 meaning to note the absence of it is notar la falta de4 ,to be missing is translated faltar4 ,come6 ,go at once4 ,don't let them miss you4 ,ea6 ,vaya pronto6 ,que no le echen a ,vd4 de menos4 --,,echegaray4 ,when did you miss the things that your servant stole8 ,cundo ha notado usted la falta de las cosas que le rob su criado8 ,if ,i were missing1 it is possible that the ,king might suspect4 ,si yo faltara1 es posible que el ,rey sospechara4 --,,nu,,ez ,,de ,,arce4 ,one single boat was missing and that was not to come4 ,faltaba una sola lancha y sta no haba de llegar4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 #ef4 ,in ,english1 emphasis is usually expressed by additional stress on the word to be emphasized4 ,in ,spanish this is not so common1 emphasis being more generally expressed by the use of some emphatic word with the word to be emphasized4 ,such words are vaya61 toma61 mira61 s1 s4 ,let money talk1 ,i said4 ,and it did talk4 ,hable el dinero1 dije4 ,y toma si habl6 --,,mariano ,,jos ,,de ,,larra4 ,nobody knows it1 nobody6 ,but ,i know it4 ,nadie lo sabe1 nadie4 ,pero yo s lo s4--,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 ,what an ovation she received6 ,vaya si ha recibido una ovacin6--,,los ,,quintero4 ,do you remember8 ,do ,i remember6 ,se acuerda usted8 7,vaya7 si me acuerdo6 --,,los ,,quintero4 ,you are good6 ,you are an angel6 ,t s que eres buena6 ,t s que eres un ngel6 --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,emphasis in a negative sentence may be expressed by repeating the negative no at the end of the sentence or by using the phrase eso no at the end4 ,she hasn't stolen anything from me4 ,no me ha robado nada1 eso no4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,the journey didn't tire me4 ,el viaje no me cans1 eso no4 ,i will not let him go1 ,i tell you4 ,no le dejar ir1 te digo1 que no4 7a7 ,personal pronouns in the nominative case are usually omitted4 ,when emphasized1 they must be expressed4 ,i'll help you if ,i have time4 ,te ayudar si tengo el tiempo4 ,i would help you if ,i had time4 ,yo te ayudara si tuviera el tiempo4 ,in the objective case these pronouns are emphasized by adding the disjunctive1 or prepositional1 form of the pronoun to the sentence4 ,you may say all you want to to me1 but don't insult him4 ,a m puede ,vd4 decirme cuanto quiera1 pero no le ofenda a l4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 7b7 ,to assert emphatic belief in a statement the expressions ya lo creo61 cmo no61 s1 por cierto1 are used4 ,equivalent expressions in the negative form are de ningn mod61 no1 por cierto6 ,he's coming at once1 isn't he8 ,yes1 indeed 7certainly2 why1 of course74 ,viene en seguida1 no8 ,ya lo creo6--,,echegaray4 ,he's coming with us1 isn't he8 ,no1 indeed4 ,va a acompaarnos a nosotros1 no8 ,no1 por cierto4 #eg4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,i won't do that4 #b4 ,what a pretty flower6 #c4 ,you won't do that6 #d4 ,that is good4 #e4 ,will he come8 ,i should say so6 #f4 ,shall ,i give it to you8 #g4 ,no1 give it to them4 #h4 ,he hasn't missed the money yet4 #i4 ,i miss all the good friends who used to live near me4 #aj4 ,i don't know him1 but ,i do know his brother4 #aa4 ,is that door open8 ,i don't know1 but ,i do know that ,i am cold4 #ab4 ,my1 but this lesson is hard6 #ac4 ,do you want it now8 ,certainly4 #ad4 ,there's a pretty house6 #ae4 ,they say they miss us at home4 #af4 ,i miss three of my books 7say1 three of my books are missing to me74 #ag4 ,do you want to go with her8 ,i certainly do4 #ah4 ,i shall miss you1 but not the others4 #ai4 ,there is something missing here and you know what it is4 #bj4 ,i do not know4 ,,lesson ,,xx ,el topo no ve en lo que profundiza1 pero el hombre1 s4#bj --,,echegaray4 #eh4 ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,let's prepare for the worst4 #b4 ,let's go4 ,we mustn't let our presence here excite suspicion4 #c4 ,come now6 you ought to have more sense4 #d4 ,the man of whom we were speaking is here now4 #e4 ,all right4 ,but ,i can't see him just now4 #f4 ,come1 come6 ,leave me in peace4 #g4 ,look at the fire6 ,now it seems that it is dying out 7morirse71 now it flames up 7alzar7 again4 #h4 ,you ought to know now that they were deceiving you4 #i4 ,water the flower beds first of all4 #aj4 ,i paid my creditors and now ,i can leave the house without fear4 7b7 #a4 ,how long have you felt ill8 #b4 ,shall ,i take this away8 ,no1 leave it4 ,i'll eat it4 #c4 ,he shall eat nothing4 ,i will see to that4 #d4 ,has he hurt himself8 ,not at all4 #e4 ,he shall not leave the house if he will not tell me what he has done4 #f4 ,on the table were left only the knives1 forks1 and spoons4 #g4 ,provided their strength does not give out1 they will continue their journey to-day4 #h4 ,think well before you speak4 #i4 ,she has made up her mind to keep you in this afternoon4 #aj4 ,do you think this lesson is hard8 ,note4--,in the exercises above the italics indicate words which require especial care in translating4 ,in ,exercise ,c the italics indicate emphasis4 7c7 #a4 ,they don't miss him1 but they do miss her4 #b4 ,the electric light has gone out1 but the lamp hasn't4 #c4 ,do ,i think of them8 ,indeed ,i do think of them6 #d4 ,he has never written such a letter to me4 #e4 ,i feel ill1 but ,i shall not call the doctor4 #f4 ,that's not what ,i was talking about4 #g4 ,i won't do it for him6 #h4 ,why1 they are going to leave it here6 #i4 ,i don't want to go6 #aj4 ,he won't make haste4 ,,lesson ,,xxi ,la buena msica es como una espuela de las ideas perezosas4#ba --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #ei4 ,english time has various translations4 ,meaning time of day it is hora4 ,when it came time to go to bed he went toward the room4 ,cuando lleg la hora de acostarse fu hacia el cuarto4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,at this time of day and at this time of night are translated a estas horas4 ,i wonder where ,elise is going at this time of night8 ,adnde ir ,elisa a estas horas8--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7a7 ,denoting one time of a series1 time is always vez4 ,every time it rains the sky sows diamonds4 ,cada vez que llueve el cielo siembra diamantes4--,,campoamor4 7b7 ,denoting a period of time or length of time the word is translated tiempo4 ,this church has been here since the most remote times4 ,esta iglesia se halla aqu desde los tiempos ms remotos4 ,in this house ,i lose the idea of time4 ,en esta casa pierdo la nocin del tiempo4--,,echegaray4 #fj4 ,time occurs also in many idiomatic adverbial phrases4 ,the commonest of these are from time to time1 de vez en cuando1 de cuando en cuando2 from this time on1 de hoy en adelante1 de aqu en adelante2 from that time on1 de ah en adelante2 time after time1 time and time again1 una que otra vez4 ,he agreed to return from time to time4 ,se qued en volver de cuando en cuando4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,from time to time he stopped for a few minutes4 ,de vez en cuando se detena algunos instantes4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,note4--,de cuando en cuando and de vez en cuando translate also the ,english adverbial idioms every now and then or every once in a while4 #fa4 ,the verb to like meaning to be fond of 7persons7 is generally translated querer1 but sometimes gustar is used4 ,to like 7things7 is gustar4 ,we don't like our new neighbors very well4 ,no queremos mucho a nuestros nuevos vecinos4 ,i don't like this house as well as ,i did the other4 ,no me gusta esta casa tanto como me gust la otra4 ,he will like these4 ,let's see if there are any more here4 ,estos le gustarn4 ,a ver si hay ms por aqu4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,note4--,though the verb gustar may be used in the regular way with a personal subject1 it is more commonly used as in these examples1 the thing being considered as the subject and the person as the indirect object4 ,cf4 #ea1 note4 7a7 ,like used as a preposition of manner is translated como or cual4 ,the girl is charming1 like her mother4 ,la nia es1 cual su madre1 encantadora4--,,campoamor4 ,this boy sings like a bird4 ,este muchacho canta como un pjaro4 7b7 ,to feel like in the sense of to want1 desire1 is translated tener ganas de with the infinitive4 ,i don't feel like going to-day4 ,no tengo ganas de ir hoy4 7c7 ,in questions what's 444 like is translated qu tal 4448 ,what's the new professor like8 ,qu tal el nuevo profesor8 ,look at me4--,i'm looking4--,well1 what do ,i look like to you8 ,mrame4--,te miro4--,bueno1 qu tal te parezco8 --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 #fb4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,cules le gustan ms1 stos o aqullos8 #b4 ,hay tiempo para todo4 #c4 ,unas veces le trata usted bien y otras veces mal4 #d4 ,hace tiempo que noto eso4 #e4 ,de aqu en adelante necesitaremos ms tiempo4 #f4 ,de vez en cuando me habl4 #g4 ,una que otra vez bajaban al manantial4 #h4 ,ya es hora de irnos1 si no queremos llegar con retraso4 #i4 ,no me gusta escribir con plumatintero4 #aj4 ,quiere mucho a todos sus maestros4 #aa4 ,qu tal el tiempo en aquella regin8 ,a m no me gusta un clima fro4 7b7 #a4 ,i don't like this song1 ,i'm not going to learn it4 #b4 ,this time ,i'm sure you will like what ,i have brought you4 #c4 ,at that time there was only one school in the town4 #d4 ,i get letters from them from time to time4 #e4 ,i asked him what the new play was like and he said it was very interesting4 #f4 ,she had on a big hat that was like a bee-hive4 #g4 ,every time ,i see him he talks like that 7in that way74 #h4 ,the river encircles the city like a silver chain4 #i4 ,what time does the train arrive8 ,isn't it time to go to the station8 #aj4 ,well1 ,i don't like your new dress4 ,it looks like 7parecer7 an old lady's dress4 ,,lesson ,,xxii ,en cosas de fe1 para ver claro hay que ser ciego4#bb --,,campoamor4 #fc4 ,very as an adverb is muy4 ,as an adjective it is mismo1 -a4 ,when it stands alone it is mucho4 ,very much is always mucho or muchsimo4 ,he was a very intelligent man1 fortunate in his mining business4 ,era hombre muy inteligente1 afortunado en su comercio de minas4--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,this very afternoon ,i will go to his house4 ,esta misma tarde ir a su casa4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,i shall be very glad1 she said with a smile4 ,me alegrar mucho1--dijo con una sonrisa4--,,juan ,,valera4 ,it would be very much better to leave it for the present4 ,sera muchsimo mejor dejarlo por lo pronto4 7a7 ,emphatic very is often translated by the suffixes -simo and -ito4 ,there did not appear to be any internal injury1 but he did have a very high fever4 ,lesin interior no pareca que hubiese1 pero s tena fievre altsima4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,she fell ill1 very1 ,,very ill4 ,the doctor said she was going to die4 ,se puso mala1 muy malita4 ,el mdico dijo que iba a morir4 --,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 #fd4 ,the verb to play is translated jugar a when it means to play games or take a part in a drama4 ,to play instruments is rendered tocar4 ,the children were playing in the street4 ,they were playing ball4 ,los nios jugaban en la calle4 ,jugaban a la pelota4 ,and the woman1 what part does ,,she play in all this8 ,y la mujer1 qu papel juega ella en todo ello8 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,go and play the piano so that these gentlemen may hear you4 ,vete a tocar el pano para que estos seores te oigan4 --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #fe4 ,the verb to need is rendered either necesitar1 hacer falta1 or faltar4 ,what this boy needs is the pure air of the country4 ,lo que le hace falta a ese muchacho es el aire puro del campo4--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,i do not need to inform you that first ,i asked for the other one4 ,no necesito advertirle a ,vd4 que primero ped la otra4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,the tea isn't needed now4 ,you may take it away4 ,ya no hace falta el t4 ,puede ,ud4 llevrselo4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,less than this was necessary to satisfy the hearers4 ,menos de eso se necesitaba para satisfacer los oyentes4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,note the order in the first example and compare with ,sections #ea1 note1 and #fj4 #ff4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,a l no le hace falta 7no le falta7 mucho1 pero a m me hacen falta 7me faltan7 muchas cosas4 #b4 ,necesito un hombre que cuide de los caballos4 #c4 ,su casa es muchsimo ms grande que la nuestra4 #d4 ,quin ha jugado 7or hecho7 el papel de ,shylock en la representacin de anoche8 #e4 ,tan cansaditos estaban que se acostaron en cuanto llegaron4 #f4 ,llvatelo1 que a m no me hace ninguna falta4 #g4 ,los v esta misma maana4 ,parecan contentsimos4 #h4 ,en la casa siempre hay que hablar quedito porque siempre hay alguien que est durmiendo4 #i4 ,tom en la suya la manecita4 ,la temperatura estaba altsima4 #aj4 ,lo primero que hace falta para querer es el corazn4 7b7 #a4 ,you do not need to tell me that4 ,i know it already4 #b4 ,i heard somebody playing the violin4 #c4 ,that is the very book ,i need4 ,will you lend it to me8 #d4 ,she needs a nurse to take care of the children4 #e4 7,be7 very1 very quiet6 ,mother's asleep4 #f4 ,i do like that penknife1 but ,i don't need one4 #g4 ,the street is very long and very1 very narrow4 #h4 ,the little girls are very pretty4 ,my little daughter likes to play with them4 #i4 ,the last time they were here they gave me many things that ,i needed4 #aj4 ,are they satisfied with 7de7 what you have sent them8 ,oh1 yes1 very4 ,,lesson ,,xxiii ,debe estar el valor de acuerdo con la prudencia4#bc --,,nu,,ez ,,de ,,arce4 #fg4 ,the verb to please meaning to give pleasure to is rendered agradar a2 meaning to satisfy it is translated contentar2 meaning to want to1 be willing to it is usually rendered querer1 though it may be translated as in 7a74 ,it pleased him very much to hear that we had arrived safe and sound4 ,le agrad muchsimo saber que habamos llegado salvo y sano4 ,do what ,i may ,i never manage to please her4 ,haga lo que hiciere nunca logro contentarla4 ,ask him if he will please come and help me4 ,pregntele si quiere venir a ayudarme4 7a7 ,please used in the imperative is translated by one of the following expressions3 haga el favor de1 tenga la bondad de2 srvase4 ,of these the first two are considered the more formally courteous4 ,all are followed by the infinitive4 ,please be quiet4 ,hgame el favor de callar4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,waiter1 please open the window4 ,mozo1 srvase abrir la ventana4 ,note4--,in curter familiar speech1 the word favor alone may be used4 ,please answer at once4 ,favor de contestar en seguida4 #fh4 ,the verb to mean1 signifying to intend1 is rendered tener la intencin de or proponerse4 ,he means to finish the work without any one's helping him4 ,se propone 7tiene la intencin de7 acabar el trabajo sin que nadie le ayude4 7a7 ,in the sense of to wish to say1 mean is translated querer decir4 ,what does this word mean8 ,qu quiere decir esta palabra8 ,when ,i mean introduces a qualifying phrase1 it is often rendered digo1 ,i say4 ,they call her little ,pilar4 ,i wish they'd call me little ,pilar--,i mean1 little ,antonio4 ,la llaman ,pilarcita4 ,si me llamasen a m ,pilarcita--digo1 ,antoito6 --,,echegaray4 7b7 ,not to mean to do something is generally rendered by hacer algo sin querer4 ,i'm sorry ,i broke the window4 ,i didn't mean to4 ,yo siento haber quebrado el vidriero4 ,lo he hecho sin querer4 7c7 ,to mean in the sense of to dare is rendered atreverse4 ,what do you mean by talking to me in that way8 ,cmo se atreve ,vd4 hablarme de esta manera8 #fi4 ,without is translated sin1 except when it introduces a verbal noun in -ing1 modified by a possessive4 ,in this case1 without is rendered by the conjunction sin que1 the ,english verbal noun becomes in ,spanish a verb in the subjunctive mode and its possessive modifier becomes the subject of the clause4 ,he went away without looking at her and without her looking at him4 ,se march sin mirarla y sin que ella le mirara a l4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,i won't go without saying good-by to you4 ,no ir sin decirte adios4--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #gj4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,dgales que hagan el favor de pasar a la sala4 #b4 ,quiere ,vd4 hacerme el favor de plancharme este traje8 #c4 ,srvase ,vd4 decir al seor que yo le espero en mi despacho4 #d4 ,la representacin nos ha agradado muchsimo4 #e4 ,vaya un tonto6 ,tendr la intencin de quedar aqu8 #f4 ,sabe tocar el violin1 digo1 el piano4 #g4 ,este s que la contentar6 #h4 ,no debes llorar sin que yo sepa porqu lloras4 #i4 ,mientras llueve no salimos sin paraguas4 #aj4 ,no salgas sin que yo te d permiso4 7b7 #a4 ,please tell him that ,i'm waiting for him4 #b4 ,do you think this will please him8 #c4 ,don't go without me1 please4 #d4 ,what do you mean by eating all the candy6 #e4 ,it will be impossible for us to go without their seeing us4 #f4 ,they have three daughters1 ,i mean1 two daughters and one son4 #g4 ,please come as soon as you can if you can come without bringing the others4 #h4 ,i didn't mean to do that2 please forgive me4 #i4 ,he means that if you mean to do that without your father's knowing it you will have to hurry4 #aj4 ,he wrote without thinking that it was impossible for him to write without my knowing it4 ,,lesson ,,xxiv ,cuando empiezan las manos1 las lenguas suelen callar4#bd --,,juan ,,valera4 #ga4 ,the word only is both adjective and adverb4 ,as an adjective it is in ,spanish nico4 7,cf4 ,english unique47 ,you are the only person in whom ,i can confide4 ,tu eres la nica persona a quien puedo confiar4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 7a7 ,the only thing 7fact7 is rendered lo nico4 ,the only thing she knew was that he had taken that train4 ,lo nico que saba era que haba tomado aquel tren4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 7b7 ,as an adverb only is rendered slo1 solamente1 or1 modifying expressions of quantity1 no ms 444 que 7de before numbers74 ,for the order of the phrase in the sentence1 see the examples4 ,if ,i only had what my father gave me1 ,i shouldn't have enough to pay the baker4 ,si slo tuviera lo que me da el padre1 no tendra para pagar al panadero4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,they saw only soldiers on the platforms4 ,vean slo soldados en los andenes4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,i have only three4 7,i have but three4 ,i have just three47 ,tengo solo tres4 7,tengo tres solamente4 ,tengo tres1 nada ms4 ,no tengo ms de tres47 7c7 ,if only1 expressing a wish contrary to fact1 is rendered ojal with imperfect or pluperfect subjunctive4 ,if only he were here4 ,ojal que estuviera aqu6 #gb4 ,solo without the accent means alone1 or single4 ,the other compartment was occupied by a single man4 ,el otro compartamento estaba ocupado por un hombre solo4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,bernard loves me alone and ,i love only him4 ,bernardo me quiere a m sola y yo quiero slo a l4 --,,echegaray4 7a7 ,alone 7with7 is often rendered a solas 7con74 ,alone1 ,i weep much and am fearfully sorry for myself4 ,a sols lloro mucho y tengo compasin atroz de m mismo4 --,,echegaray4 ,we left him alone with his conscience4 ,le dejamos a solas con su conciencia4--,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 #gc4 ,the verb to hear is or when actual hearing is meant4 ,sometimes sentir is used in the same sense4 ,i put my ear to the lock and heard voices and laughter4 ,pegu el odo a la cerradura y o voces y risas4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,scarcely did she hear the noise and see us1 when she got up4 ,no bien sinti el ruido y nos vi1 se levant4--,,juan ,,valera4 7a7 ,when to hear has the force of to find out1 learn1 it is rendered saber4 ,you have heard from my father how much these orchards please me4 ,ha sabido por mi padre lo mucho que me gustan estas huertas4 --,,juan ,,valera4 #gd4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,yo no puedo trasnochar4 ,es lo nico que me hace dao4 #b4 ,un da le vieron solo y se acercaron para hablarle4 #c4 ,hablaba a solas con el ,argentino4 #d4 ,slo de oirle se puso ms animado4 #e4 ,supe por mi hermano que ustedes asistieron al teatro anoche4 #f4 ,solo aquel hombre podra adquirir tanto dinero en tan poco tiempo4 #g4 ,el to que haba sido el nico apoyo de la familia acababa de morir4 #h4 ,djele a este nio6 ,por qu se burla usted de l8 #i4 ,hay solamente tres aqu4 ,tres1 nada ms8 7b7 #a4 ,he alone knew what had been done for them4 #b4 ,i have heard from home only once this week4 #c4 ,he has many books in his library1 but only a few are good4 #d4 ,i think ,i hear a child crying4 ,well1 it's only the children playing in the yard4 #e4 ,leave the room4 ,i want to speak with your brother alone4 #f4 ,we heard something like a groan1 but ,i think it was only the wind4 #g4 ,did you hear what happened this morning8 ,you didn't8 7no87 ,well1 ,i meant to tell you when we were alone4 #h4 ,we drink only water4 #i4 ,the lesson wasn't hard4 ,it was only that ,i didn't have much time4 #aj4 ,this is the only time that ,i have been able to see you alone4 ,,lesson ,,xxv ,el miedo hace esclavos4 ,la esclavitud hace rebeldes4#be --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 #ge4 ,english right as a noun indicating that which is legal1 or permissible1 is translated derecho4 ,i haven't the right to take it away with me4 ,no tengo el derecho de llevrmelo4 7a7 ,to be right as the opposite of to be wrong or mistaken is rendered tener razn2 meaning to be just it is ser justo4 ,was it right to leave the boy in that deserted place8 ,era justo dejar al muchacho en aquel lugar desierto8 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,uncle is right4 ,we must send him to ,paris4 ,tiene razn el to4 ,debemos mandarle a ,pars4--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 7b7 ,as the opposite of left1 right is derecho4 ,in her right hand she held a lamp4 ,en la mano derecha tena una lmpara4 ,the phrases on the right and to the right are rendered a la derecha4 ,st4 ,mark's church is on the right4 ,la iglesia de ,san ,marcos se halla a la derecha4 7c7 ,all right is translated bueno or bien4 ,all right1 then4 ,i'll give you a dollar for it4 ,that's all right1 isn't it8 ,bueno1 entonces4 ,le dar un duro por l4 ,est bien1 no8 #gf4 ,when duty is expressed1 ,english must is translated deber4 ,when must expresses what is probably true1 deber de is the translation4 ,to express necessity1 tener que is used4 ,children must obey their parents4 ,los nios deben obedecer a sus padres4 ,he must have a high opinion of her4 ,debe de tener un alto concepto de ella4--,,juan ,,valera4 ,i must go to the city to-day4 ,tengo que ir a la ciudad hoy4 7a7 ,when must is followed by a passive infinitive1 hay que or ha de is used with the infinitive4 ,hay que also translates the impersonal one 7we1 you1 they1 people7 must4 ,it mustn't be said that this meeting was in vain4 ,no ha de decirse que este encuentro fu en vano4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,one must talk of that4 ,one must remember that4 ,hay que hablar de eso4 ,hay que acordarse de eso4 --,,fern,n ,,caballero4 7b7 ,expressing conjecture or probability must is often translated by the future and conditional of the verb which in ,english is the complementary infinitive with must4 ,the future translates the present1 and the conditional the perfect infinitive4 ,he must know something about it4 ,he must have worn something4 ,algo sabr de eso4 ,algo se pondra4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,it must be because she did it4 ,it must have been that4 ,ser porque ella lo haya hecho4 ,eso sera4 #gg4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,llaman a la puerta4 ,sern ellos4 #b4 ,su hermano debe de ser cmplice4 #c4 ,la hazaa debi de suceder anoche4 #d4 ,no debes llorar sin decirme por qu4 #e4 ,ha de perdonarme usted si soy un poco malicioso4 #f4 ,no hay que apurarse4 ,estar bueno en un momento4 #g4 ,usted debe de haber visto la casa en donde vivo4 #h4 ,debe de ser esa casa blanca a la derecha4 #i4 ,no hay que esperarlos hoy4 ,tienen razn en no venir4 #aj4 ,seran las tres cuando al fin llegaron4 7b7 #a4 ,i must write a letter to a friend who is ill4 #b4 ,that man must have a very poor memory4 #c4 ,i have brought you a dozen eggs4 ,is that all right8 #d4 ,it is not right to tell a child what he must do and not help him to do it4 #e4 ,on the right of the avenue was 7hallarse7 a beautiful park4 #f4 ,look what ,i have written4 ,it is all right1 isn't it8 #g4 ,the bell rang1 didn't it8 ,it must be the postman4 #h4 ,it must have been ,john who telephoned me last night4 #i4 ,is this bill right8 ,it must be4 ,it seems to be all right4 #aj4 ,i must telephone him and tell him that it must be done before night4 ,,lesson ,,xxvi ,santos hay donde menos se piensa4#bf --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #gh4 ,the verb to appear is rendered parecer when the meaning is to seem2 meaning to put in an appearance it is translated aparecer1 dejarse ver1 presentarse1 or asomar1 the last with the idea of just coming into view4 ,he appears to be absolutely tired out4 ,parece estar cansado a ms no poder4 ,the moon appears and paints blue shadows4 ,aparece 7asoma7 la luna y pinta sombras azules4 --,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 ,at the same moment the face of the ,catalan appeared through the window4 ,al mismo momento asom el rostro del ,cataln por la ventana4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,he tried to appear in public as little as possible4 ,procuraba presentarse en pblica lo menos posible4--,,alarc,n4 #gi4 ,the verb to succeed is rendered suceder when the meaning is to follow2 meaning to be able to1 manage to1 it is rendered lograr with the direct infinitive2 in the sense of to be successful it is translated tener xito4 ,edward ,,vii4 succeeded ,queen ,victoria4 ,eduardo ,sptimo sucedi a la reina ,victoria4 ,and so ,i'm lost if ,i don't succeed in escaping8 ,conque estoy perdido si no logro escaparme8--,,alarc,n4 ,he'll succeed4 ,indeed he will6 ,tendr xito4 ,vaya si lo tendr6 #hj4 ,the word even used adverbially is aun or hasta4 ,used to emphasize a noun it is generally hasta4 ,not even is translated hasta 444 no1 or ni 7siquiera72 and the phrase even if not is ya que no4 ,the landlady1 the tailor1 and even the night-watchman can wait4 ,la patrona1 el sastre1 y hasta el sereno pueden esperar4 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,not even so do ,i trust him4 ,ni aun as me fo de l4--,,gil ,y ,z,,rate4 ,i don't want anybody1 not even her1 to share this sacrifice with me4 ,yo no quiero que nadie1 ni siquiera ella1 comparta este sacrificio conmigo4--,,los ,,quintero4 ,even if not rich1 they are by no means poor4 ,ya que no ricos1 no son de ningn modo pobres4 #ha4 ,toward indicating direction is hacia4 ,denoting inclination it is rendered para con4 ,we saw that they were all walking toward the river4 ,vimos que todos caminaban hacia el ro4 ,toward his own children he was always unjust4 ,para con sus propios hijos fu siempre injusto4 #hb4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,pegaron fuego hasta a las iglesias4 #b4 ,le felicito a ,vd4 y aun ms a su familia4 #c4 ,todava no se ha dejado ver4 #d4 ,quin sucedi al ,presidente ,lincoln8 #e4 ,salt al agua y logr salvar al nio4 #f4 ,logr alcanzarlos hacia la noche4 #g4 ,era muy generoso para con sus amigos menos afortunados4 #h4 ,no tenan ni siquiera un duro4 #i4 ,hasta su padre no saba lo que haban hecho4 #aj4 ,parece que al momento de asomarse l a la puerta le dijeron que tena que presentarse ante el juez4 7b7 #a4 ,they appear to be very happy even if they are not rich4 #b4 ,toward morning a light appeared in the house4 #c4 ,even so1 ,i don't like his conduct towards his family4 #d4 ,i haven't even answered the letters that they wrote me4 #e4 ,he even shook hands with the beggars in the street4 #f4 ,i think he will succeed in getting the money4 #g4 ,he went toward the door without looking at us4 #h4 ,i don't feel any anger toward him4 #i4 ,they have succeeded in opening the door1 but even now they can't get in4 #aj4 ,even if not of as good material as mine1 it is very well made4 ,,lesson ,,xxvii ,de la mentira sale mucha veces la verdad4#bg --,,benavente4 #hc4 ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,i have known him only a short time4 #b4 ,they returned last night at the usual time4 #c4 ,they will always need me and so ,i shall keep on sacrificing myself for them4 #d4 ,she is very pretty1 isn't she8 ,yes1 very4 #e4 ,i don't feel like playing with them now4 #f4 ,the least that it had cost him was money and time4 #g4 ,in one of the houses a lady was playing the organ4 #h4 ,he sat down like one who is not in a hurry4 #i4 ,they congregate there every day at the same time4 #aj4 ,without the money1 ,i don't like to go to 7acudir a7 them4 #aa4 ,it must be time for them to arrive4 7b7 #a4 ,even so1 they know very little about that man4 #b4 ,from time to time he walked toward the door4 #c4 ,they have ordered him to appear before them to-morrow4 #d4 ,it appears that ,i was not right when ,i told you that4 #e4 ,don't go without me4 ,i can't go without asking permission4 #f4 ,it has grown very dark4 ,it must be going to rain4 #g4 ,tell them it must be done4 ,they must know that already4 #h4 ,we must get him what he needs even if it costs a lot of money4 #i4 ,we are very1 very tired4 ,we haven't had even a moment to rest all day4 #aj4 ,you need not explain4 ,i heard from your companions that you had been dismissed4 #aa4 ,it must be dinner time4 ,you must dine with us this evening4 7c7 #a4 ,please tell them that ,i haven't enough even now4 #b4 ,i need even more than that1 this very minute4 #c4 ,what's the weather like just now8 ,oh1 it rains every now and then4 #d4 ,you will have to give me more time4 ,i have only two made4 #e4 ,the only thing ,i need just now is a piece of soap4 #f4 ,the only thing ,i succeeded in getting from him was advice4 #g4 ,if only she were not so ill6 ,but ,i hear that she is getting better4 #h4 ,i heard a lady singing4 ,she sang like a nightingale4 #i4 ,if you mean that you like the way he acts 7say1 his manner of acting7 toward others1 you are crazy1 ,i mean1 you are not wise4 #aj4 ,you are right4 ,it must be he4 ,he must have arrived this morning4 #aa4 ,one mustn't think that all things are like these4 ,,lesson ,,xxviii ,cuando me habla el deber1 tan slo escucho su voz4#bh --,,gil ,y ,z,,rate4 #hd4 ,the verb to sit 7down7 is rendered sentarse4 ,to be sitting is rendered estar sentado4 ,i'm going1 ,i'm going1 you say1 and you sit down4 ,ya voy1 ya voy1 dices1 y te sientas4--,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,will you sit 7down7 here a moment1 please8 ,quiere usted sentarse aqu un momento8 ,don ,miguel is sitting in an armchair near the stove4 ,don ,miguel est sentado en un silln inmediato al brasero4 --,,los ,,quintero4 ,note4--,it is always well to paraphrase sit before translating4 ,so1 ,i sat 7sat down1 took a seat1 seated myself7 where they told me to2 ,i sat 7was sitting7 in the armchair4 #he4 ,to stand meaning to be on one's feet is rendered estar en pie or parado2 meaning to rise to one's feet it is ponerse de pie4 ,pardon me1 ,i am troubled with my heart4 ,i can't stand4 ,perdneme usted4 ,padezco del corazn4 ,no puedo estar en pie4--,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 ,when they saw the lady enter1 everybody stood4 ,al ver entrar a la seora todo el mundo se puso de pie4 7a7 ,meaning to be situated1 stand is translated hallarse or estar situado4 ,that church has stood there for years4 ,aquella iglesia se halla all desde hace muchos aos4 7b7 ,meaning to endure1 bear1 suffer1 stand is rendered aguantar1 sufrir1 soportar4 ,he couldn't stand the pain4 ,no poda soportar el dolor4 ,i can't stand this noise any longer4 ,no puedo sufrir ms este ruido4 #hf4 ,english corner has two translations4 ,meaning an exterior angle1 it is rendered esquina2 as an interior angle1 it is rincn4 ,at the corner of that street stands a house1 and in one corner of the garden of that house is a beautiful tree4 ,en la esquina de aquella calle se halla una casa1 y en un rincn del jardn de esa casa se halla un hermoso rbol4 #hg4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,la casa estaba situada en medio de grandes jardines4 #b4 ,junto a l nos sentbamos nosotros1 es decir1 el padre cura y yo4 #c4 ,se sentaron en torno de una mesa junta a la ventana4 #d4 ,ponte de pie cuando yo te hablo6 #e4 ,estamos muy bien en este rinconcito4 #f4 ,ha de saber usted que no puedo aguantar a este hombre4 #g4 ,en la obscuridad di contra la esquina de la mesa y me lastim el brazo4 #h4 ,no haba asientos para todos y algunos tenan que quedarse parados 7en pie74 #i4 ,cmo ha soportado el enfermo el largo viaje8 #aj4 ,aqu en el rincn hay un banco4 ,sentmonos aqu4 7b7 #a4 ,i am tired of sitting4 ,let's all stand up for a few minutes4 #b4 ,who is that boy who is still sitting down8 #c4 ,how long are we going to have to stand this8 #d4 ,we sat down to rest a few minutes because we were tired4 #e4 ,the house stands a little to the right of the church4 #f4 ,she has been sitting here so very1 very quiet that ,i had almost forgotten her4 #g4 ,you must always stand when a lady speaks to you4 #h4 ,turning the corner1 he found himself in a little square that he had never seen before4 #i4 ,put the table in the corner4 ,we want to sit there4 #aj4 ,there was a lady whom ,i didn't know standing by the window4 ,,lesson ,,xxix ,a quien se apresta a luchar no le abaten pesares4#bi --,,eduardo ,,marquina4 #hh4 ,english self used reflexively is rendered by the ,spanish reflexive pronouns me1 te1 se1 nos1 os1 se4 ,used as an emphatic modifier self is rendered mismo for all persons1 changing only for number and gender4 ,mismo may be used with a reflexive to emphasize it4 ,i hurt myself1 as you yourself can see4 ,me he lastimado1 como usted mismo puede ver4 ,give the letter to him himself4 ,entregue la carta a l mismo4--,,jos ,m,,rmol4 ,i am inclined to believe that the widow loves herself above all4 ,inclino a creer que la viuda ama a s misma sobre todo4 --,,juan ,,valera4 ,he hurts himself in order to annoy the rest4 ,es que se hace dao a s mismo para dar un disgusto a los dems4--,,echegaray4 ,note4--,mismo may take the emphatic ending -simo4 ,so l mismsmo 4441 the very 444 himself4 #hi4 ,last1 meaning the most recent of a series1 or the final one of a series1 is translated ltimo4 ,meaning the one just past1 it is translated pasado4 ,the last ,french invasion proves how difficult it is to attack our independence4 ,la ltima irrupcin francesa prueba cun difcil es atacar nuestra independencia4--,,emilio ,,castelar4 ,we ourselves were there last week4 ,nosotros mismos estbamos all la semana pasada4 ,i said to myself1 ,this will be the last time4 ,dije para m--,esta ser la ltima vez4 7a7 ,the verb to last is translated durar4 ,come6 ,be patient1 for this will not last long4 ,vamos6 ,tenga usted paciencia1 que esto no durar mucho4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7b7 ,last night is rendered anoche or ayer por la noche4 ,they must have stolen them from me last night4 ,debieron de robrmelas anoche4--,,alarc,n4 7c7 ,at last is translated al fin or1 more emphatically1 al fin y al cabo4 ,at last6 ,i was beginning to think that you were lost4 ,al fin y al cabo6 ,yo empezaba a creer que se haba perdido usted4 #ij4 ,the verb to tell has three common translations4 ,meaning simply to say to it is rendered decir4 ,meaning to relate it is contar4 ,meaning to be effective it is rendered producir efecto4 ,tell me1 grandfather1 what is the name of the queen in your story8 ,dime1 abuelito1 cmo se llama la reina de tu cuento8 --,,mart,,nez ,,sierra4 ,i told them the terrible story of the miner4 ,les cont la espantosa narracin del minero4--,,alarc,n4 ,it was a telling narrative4 ,fu una narracin que produjo efecto4 #ia4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,me dice que est lloviendo en este mismo momento4 #b4 ,contaba a los nios las aventuras de los conquistadores4 #c4 ,mara se cort hace poco con ese cuchillo4 #d4 ,lo hemos comprado para nosotros mismos1 no para ellos4 #e4 ,bien poda ver que sus palabras haban producido efecto4 #f4 ,esta es la ltima obra del insigne autor espaol ,prez ,galds4 #g4 ,muri el mes pasado4 #h4 ,al fin han venido a contarme lo ocurrido4 #i4 ,la mismsima madre de la nia no hubiera podido hacer ms para salvarla4 #aj4 ,respeto a la inteligencia de las hormigas se cuentan muchas ancdotas4 7b7 #a4 ,please tell them that this is not the book that ,i need4 #b4 ,i like to hear him tell how he learned to play the piano4 #c4 ,he knows how to tell it in such a way that every word tells4 #d4 ,i myself had forgotten all my troubles4 #e4 ,i was just saying to myself that it is time to go4 #f4 ,the very general himself could not have done more4 #g4 ,this is the last story that ,i am going to tell you4 ,last night you went to bed too late4 #h4 ,i was just wondering 7say1 asking myself7 whether ,i was dreaming or not4 #i4 ,i'm going to take her the roses4 ,i myself like the lilies best4 #aj4 ,at last1 last week1 ,i was able to buy the last one that ,i needed4 ,,lesson ,,xxx ,digan lo que quieran1 la alegra es muy barata4#cj --,,echegaray4 #ib4 ,to save in the sense of to rescue is salvar2 meaning to keep1 conserve1 it is ahorrar1 or conservar4 ,to save a child1 ,i am capable of throwing myself into the fire4 ,por salvar a un nio soy capaz de echarme en el fuego4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,it's a pity that he didn't save more while he was earning more4 ,es lstima que no haya ahorrado ms mientras ganaba ms4 ,we must save our strength4 ,debemos conservar 7ahorrar7 nuestras fuerzas4 #ic4 ,to see is usually ver1 but used in conjunction with certain prepositions it calls for other translations4 ,so to see to 7take charge of7 is rendered cuidar de1 or tomar a su cargo2 to see about 7ask or inquire about7 is translated informarse de or pedir informes sobre4 ,i'll see to the baggage4 ,yo cuidar del equipaje1 or yo tomar a mi cargo el equipaje4 ,what time do you want me to go and see about it8 ,a qu hora quiere usted que yo vaya a informarme de ello8 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7a7 ,to see through may be rendered 7llegar a7 comprender4 ,to see a thing through is rendered llevar algo a cabo4 ,there's a problem that ,i shall never be able to see through4 ,vaya un problema que yo nunca llegar a comprender 7or que yo nunca comprender76 ,we've begun it and we must see it through4 ,lo hemos empezado y debemos llevarlo a cabo4 7b7 ,the exclamatory see here6 is rendered mire ,vd46 and the imperative forms let's see and let me see are translated a ver or vamos a ver4 ,see here6 ,you'll have to hurry if you want to overtake them4 ,mire ,vd46 ,tendr que darse prisa si quiere ,vd4 alcanzarlos4 ,let's see if you with your talent can clear this up for me4 ,a ver si usted con su talento me aclara esto4--,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,let's see6 ,will you tell me what use flowers are8 ,vamos a ver6 ,quiere usted decirme que utilidad tienen las flores8--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,let's see6 ,what have you to declare8 ,a ver6 ,qu tiene ,vd4 que declarar8--,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 #id4 ,half as a noun is la mitad4 ,as an adjective it is medio1 which is also its adverbial form4 ,half-way there is translated a mitad del camino or en medio camino4 ,they offered me the half now1 said the old woman4 ,me ofrecieron la mitad ahora1--dijo la anciana4 --,,fern,n ,,caballero4 ,he always stopped when halfway there4 ,siempre se detuvo a la mitad del camino4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,halfway there1 there was an inn4 ,en medio del camino se hallaba una venta4 --,,fern,n ,,caballero4 #ie4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,si ,vd4 me da la mitad1 yo quedar satisfecho4 #b4 ,estbamos medio tristes y medio rabiosos4 #c4 ,queda a media milla de distancia de aqu4 #d4 ,a ver si ,vd4 puede hacerlo mejor4 #e4 ,ahorr mucho dinero en poco tiempo4 #f4 ,es muy hbil el mdico4 ,esperemos que salve al nio4 #g4 ,mira6 si no quieres que lleguemos con retraso1 date prisa4 #h4 ,yo tomar todo eso a m cargo4 #i4 ,a mitad del camino tuvieron que volver4 #aj4 ,estaba medio enojada porque no le haban dado ms que la mitad4 7b7 #a4 ,the firemen saved all the people in the house4 #b4 ,it is a strange affair4 ,i can't see through it at all4 #c4 ,half is for me and the other half for them4 #d4 ,let's see1 what's the good of this8 #e4 ,i'll see to the dinner4 #f4 ,to save time we sent a servant to see about the trains4 #g4 ,the bandits left their victims there half dead4 #h4 ,halfway there they all sat down to rest4 #i4 ,don't leave it half done4 ,see it through6 #aj4 ,the letter is half written4 ,let's see6 ,don't you want to finish it now8 ,,lesson ,,xxxi ,el que presta a un amigo pierde el dinero y el amigo4#ca --,,fern,n ,,caballero4 #if4 ,the word as as a conjunction of cause is rendered ya que1 puesto que1 or como4 ,as you have eaten nothing to-day1 it occurred to me to get a supper for you to-night4 ,como hoy no has comido nada1 se me ocurri prepararte una cena esta noche4--,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,as they won't go with us1 let's invite the others4 ,ya que no quieren acompaarnos ellos1 invitemos a los otros4 7a7 ,as a conjunction of time or comparison it is como1 but a temporal clause introduced by as may be rendered by al with the infinitive4 ,he had a slight acquaintance with foreign literature as many have to-day4 ,tena un ligero tinte de literatura extranjera como muchos lo tienen hoy4--,,fern,n ,,caballero4 ,as ,i entered the room1 they all stopped talking4 ,al entrar yo en la sala1 todos dejaron de hablar4 7b7 ,the correlative as 444 as is rendered tan 444 como1 but as much 444 as and as many 444 as are rendered tanto 444 como and tantos 444 como4 ,my father was as charmed as ever with her4 ,mi padre se mostr tan embelesado como siempre con ella4 --,,juan ,,valera4 ,i have as much time as ,i need1 and as many books as ,i want to read4 ,tengo tanto tiempo como necesito y tantos libros como quiero leer4 ,the second as in these phrases may be translated cuanto1 cuantos1 or these words may be used to translate both the first and the second as4 ,i will buy you as much 7as many7 as you need4 ,te comprar cuanto 7cuantos7 le hacen falta4 7c7 ,as soon as may be translated literally tan pronto como1 but it is also very frequently rendered as que1 en cuanto1 or luego que4 ,you are going to do it as soon as you know what ,i am going to tell you4 ,lo vas a hacer en cuanto sepas lo que yo te voy a decir4 --,,los ,,quintero4 ,as soon as night had closed in1 they went again to the judge's house4 ,as que se cerr la noche se dirigieron otra vez a la casa del juez4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7d7 ,as for1 as far as 444 is concerned1 as regards 4441 all may be translated en cuanto a or por lo que toca a4 ,otherwise1 as far as is translated hasta4 ,as for him1 he said that he had had them also4 ,en cuanto a l1 dijo que las haba tenido tambin4--,,juan ,,valera4 ,as for me1 said old ,peter1 ,i know it by heart4 ,por lo que me toca a m1--dijo el to ,perico1--lo s de memoria4 --,,fern,n ,,caballero4 7e7 ,when as introduces a clause the action of which is represented as occurring simultaneously with the action of the principal clause1 it is translated a medida que4 ,the children drew their grandmother toward them as they spoke4 ,los nios tiraron a su abuela hacia s a medida que hablaban4 --,,fern,n ,,caballero4 #ig4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,sabes tan bien como yo lo que tenemos4 #b4 ,en cuanto me den el dinero1 voy a ,madrid4 #c4 ,luego que venga la criada1 pdeselo ,vd4 #d4 ,a medida que las lanchas entraban en la ensenada1 el grupo iba mermando poco a poco4 #e4 ,al salir de la casa vieron al hombre que se escapaba4 #f4 ,como yo le vi por ltima vez el ao pasado1 no s si se acordar de m4 #g4 ,al fin y al cabo lo ha hecho como lo quiero yo4 #h4 ,quieren que yo las acompae hasta la iglesia4 #i4 ,por lo que le toca a ,juan1 ya ha prometido darme el suyo4 #aj4 ,tengo cuantos necesito por lo pronto4 7b7 #a4 ,as ,i was walking in the park this morning ,i met an old friend4 #b4 ,as for you1 some fine 7good7 day you are going to get what you deserve4 #c4 ,this is not so large as ,i wanted it4 #d4 ,save your money as much as you can while you are young4 #e4 ,as for me myself1 ,i spend as much as ,i earn4 #f4 ,will you go as far as the corner with me8 #g4 ,they are studying ,spanish as so many are doing now4 #h4 ,you must sign it as well as 7tan bien como1 or tanto como1 lo mismo que7 ,i4 #i4 ,as soon as ,i find the man who owes me all that money1 ,i will lend you some4 #aj4 ,as we approached the village1 the sky was getting darker4 ,,lesson ,,xxxii ,la libertad nunca puede ser por tiranos defendida ni propagada por esclavos4#cb--;,,emilio ,,castelar4 #ih4 ,the verb to want in the sense of to wish is translated by querer4 ,meaning to need1 be in want of1 it is rendered necesitar1 tener menester1 hacer falta a4 ,i want you to tell me at once4 ,yo quiero que usted me lo diga en seguida4--,,echegaray4 ,i want another book4 ,have you any more8 ,necesito 7tengo menester1 me hace falta7 otro libro4 ,tiene ,vd4 ms8 ,they want three more chairs4 ,necesitan otras tres sillas4 ,note4--,observe the position of otras4 ,the word otro regularly precedes a numeral4 #ii4 ,in the conjunctive phrase either 444 or1 either is translated o4 ,as a pronoun it is translated o el uno o el otro4 ,at the end of a negative sentence either is rendered tampoco4 ,either ,i'm much mistaken or this is going to cause talk4 ,o me engao mucho o esto va a dar que hablar4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,do you want this pen or the fountain pen8 ,either will do4 ,quiere ,vd4 esta pluma o la plumafuente8--,o la una o la otra servir4 ,and ,i don't think ,i'm a fool1 either4 ,y creo que no soy tonto1 tampoco4--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,when either at the end of a negative sentence is used merely for emphasis1 it is expressed by repeating the negative no4 ,i didn't do it1 either6 ,no lo he hecho1 no6 #ajj4 ,neither is ni as a conjunction and equal to and 444 either4 ,as a pronoun it is ni el uno ni el otro4 ,standing as the first word in a sentence neither is translated tampoco4 ,i do not look into the mirror1 neither to-day nor ever4 ,no miro en el espejo1 ni hoy ni nunca4--,,echegaray4 ,he wouldn't help him1 neither would he help me4 ,no quera ayudarle a l1 tampoco quera ayudarme a m4 ,i showed him the drawings4 ,neither of them pleased him4 ,le mostr los dibujos4 ,ni el uno ni el otro le ha contentado4 #aja4 ,the conjunction because is porque4 ,the prepositional phrase because of is translated a causa de4 ,por with the infinitive is often used for porque with a clause1 and may be used for a causa de when the object of the preposition is a participial phrase4 ,i won't give you any more because you have enough already4 ,no te dar ms porque ya tienes bastante4 ,because of the rain the country was flooded4 ,a causa de la lluvia estaba inundado el campo4 ,that tribe obeyed him and respected him because he was 7because of his being7 older4 ,aquella caterva le obedeca y respetaba por ser l mayor4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 #ajb4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,no quiero que ,vds4 me ofrezcan dinero4 #b4 ,no le he devuelto el dinero que tuvo a bien prestarme4--,ni yo tampoco4 #c4 ,o se lo ha llevado l o el hermano de l1 pero ni el uno ni el otro quiere confesarlo4 #d4 ,qu necesita usted8--,un martillo para arrancar estos clavos4 #e4 ,o el uno o el otro libro la contentar4 #f4 ,por haber cado tanta nieve no quiero que salgan los chicos esta maana4 #g4 ,a causa de la huelga de los empleados del tranva tuvimos que ir a pie4 #h4 ,o los nuevos o los viejos debe usted mandarme4 #i4 ,yo quisiera conocer a ese seor porque me dicen que es de gran talento4 #aj4 ,por ser tan tarde1 no queran los padres partir sin los nios4 7b7 #a4 ,well1 how many more do you want and how much do you want to pay for them8 #b4 ,do you want to see the picture that they were talking about8 #c4 ,either the father or the mother must be ill4 #d4 ,neither of my friends can speak ,spanish4 #e4 ,i have to serve as 7de7 interpreter because ,i speak the language fluently4 #f4 ,because of the illness of my father1 neither my mother nor ,i were able to go4 #g4 ,because ,i have a cold1 ,i want you to read this letter aloud to the others4 #h4 ,these plants want water4 ,do you want to water them now8 #i4 ,have you seen either of my sons to-day8 ,yes4 ,i just saw the older one with three other boys4 #aj4 ,i want you to tell me what you want1 either by telephone or by letter4 #aa4 ,neither her father nor her mother wanted her to go out1 because it is so cold4 ,she didn't want to go1 either4 ,,lesson ,,xxxiii ,cuando hay alegra1 todo se hace bien4#cc --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #ajc4 ,the verb to wonder is variously rendered4 ,in the sense of to be surprised it is generally extraar or admirarse4 ,as a synonym of should or would like to know it may be translated quisiera saber1 or tener curiosidad por saber4 ,in the sense of to be thinking or asking one's self1 the ,spanish uses preguntarse4 ,no one wondered at the girl's illness4 ,nadie extra la indisposicin de la nia4--,,juan ,,valera4 ,i don't wonder that they say certain things4 ,no me admiro de que digan ciertas cosas4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,i was wondering if ,i should have time to go before they came4 ,yo me preguntaba si tendra el tiempo de ir antes que llegasen ellos4 ,i wonder who did this4 ,yo quisiera saber quin habr hecho eso4 ,the verb to wonder is1 however1 often best translated by the future of probability1 as illustrated in the following examples3 ,has he come yet1 ,i wonder8 ,habr venido ya8 ,i wonder if it is time yet4 ,ser ya la hora8 ,i wonder who that man is4 ,quin ser ese hombre8 ,cisneros 7observing them curiously74 ,i wonder what's going on8 ,cisneros 7observndolos con curiosidad74 ,qu pasar8 --,,nu,,ez ,,de ,,arce4 ,this form is used when the ,english sentence would make complete sense without wonder4 #ajd4 ,in ,english the one has three translations4 ,when used in contrast with the other1 it is rendered el uno4 ,before the relative who or that it is el4 ,in adjective phrases such as the new one1 the old one1 etc41 the word one is omitted4 ,both boys were busy4 ,the one was helping his mother1 the other1 his father4 ,ambos muchachos estaban ocupados4 ,el uno ayudaba a su madre1 el otro a su padre4 ,you are not going from my house4 ,they are the ones that are going4 ,t no te vas de mi casa4 ,los que se van son ellos4 --,,los ,,quintero4 ,and the one that hurts most1 is it above or below8 ,y la que le duele ms1 es de arriba o de abajo8 --,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,you take the big ones4 ,the little one is mine4 ,tome usted los grandes4 ,el pequeo es mo4 #aje4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,no hay peor sordo que el que no quiere or4 #b4 ,el hombre se extra el no hallar a su hijo4 #c4 ,yo soy la que se va de aqu4 #d4 ,los relojes andan desacordes1 porque cuando el de la ,puerta del ,sol da las ocho el del ,palacio suele dar las ocho y media4 #e4 ,qu hora ser8 #f4 ,enveles a ellos los viejos y a m los nuevos4 #g4 ,se preguntaba si vala la pena de continuar4 #h4 ,vi que el paisano tena dos caballos1 el uno muy gordo y el otro muy flaco1 y se admiraba de la diferencia4 #i4 ,qu revista ser aqul que lee con tanto inters8 #aj4 ,llaman a la puerta4 ,quin ser a estas horas8 7b7 #a4 ,i was wondering if the dog was mad4 #b4 ,take the big one4 ,the little ones aren't worth anything4 #c4 ,who opened the door1 ,i wonder8 ,please shut it4 #d4 ,i don't wonder that you don't like that dress4 ,the other one is much prettier4 #e4 ,i don't mean that man4 ,i mean the one who was here before4 #f4 ,everybody wondered what he would be like4 #g4 ,will they want this before ,i return1 ,i wonder8 #h4 ,i wonder at their silence4 ,they must know that ,i am anxious to know how they stood the journey4 #i4 ,the one that you have in your hand is mine4 ,the one that you dropped is my sister's4 #aj4 ,they tell me that ,i must choose either this one or that one4 ,i wonder why ,i can't have the one that ,i like best4 ,,lesson ,,xxxiv ,lo que no puede hacer un gitano1 no hay quien lo haga sobre la tierra4#cd--;,,alarc,n4 #ajf4 ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,i couldn't help smiling when ,i saw him stand up4 #b4 ,who is that woman standing in the doorway8 #c4 ,while it lasted the boy kept 7tenia7 his eyes fixed on the judge's face4 #d4 ,the old man was sitting behind the counter1 reading aloud4 #e4 ,he is not to blame4 ,nor ,i either4 #f4 ,what do you want 7ask7 for the half of what you have brought8 #g4 ,i can't stand so much heat4 #h4 ,we sat down to wait until they came4 #i4 ,let's see6 ,you told him to come and see me as soon as he arrived1 didn't you8 #aj4 ,they looked very happy sitting there in the shade of the big trees4 7b7 #a4 ,that is the one who was at the door when the accident occurred4 #b4 ,i have half of the money saved already4 #c4 ,as he has read many histories1 he can cite many examples4 #d4 ,it will be better to put the larger ones in another place4 ,here in this corner4 #e4 ,i wonder if this one is as large as that one4 #f4 ,i heard from your companions that you had been dismissed4 #g4 ,have you heard from home lately8 #h4 ,as for those two houses1 neither is large enough for my family4 #i4 ,as ,i approached the man1 ,i saw that he was getting uneasy4 #aj4 ,because the horse was older than he had said1 they did not want to buy it4 7c7 #a4 ,well1 as the one that ,i want is not here1 ,i must take the one that ,i have4 #b4 ,will you see to the dessert while ,i am getting the rest of the dinner8 #c4 ,as either one is large enough1 will you take this one and leave me the other one8 #d4 ,i wonder if the postman has come yet4 #e4 ,they are erecting a large building at the corner of our street4 ,i wonder what it will be4 #f4 ,he wondered that you had not arrived yet4 #g4 ,tell him that he must do it himself4 #h4 ,they are tearing down the church that has stood at that corner for so many years4 #i4 ,i was in ,naples when the last eruption of ,vesuvius occurred4 ,that was last year4 #aj4 ,i heard last night that the governor himself would come as soon as he returned4 ,,lesson ,,xxxv ,no creer en nada es estar loco4#ce --,,campoamor4 #ajg4 ,the verb to take1 in its simplest meaning of to carry1 is rendered llevar or tomar4 ,i have to take this book to school4 ,tengo que llevar 7tomar7 este libro a la escuela4 7a7 ,in the sense of to use1 tomar is the correct translation4 ,the lemonade is rather sour4 ,take some mare sugar4 ,es algo agria la limonada4 ,tome usted ms azcar4 7b7 ,to take off1 meaning to remove1 is quitar7se72 meaning to imitate1 it is translated imitar or remedar4 ,to take out is sacar4 ,he took off his hat and from it took out a roll of banknotes4 ,se quit el sombrero y de l sac un rollo de billetes de banco4 --,,jos ,m,,rmol4 ,without taking his eyes off them1 he slowly continued his way4 ,sin quitarles de encima la vista1 sigui lentamente el camino4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 7c7 ,to take leave of is despedirse de2 to take steps is dar pasos2 to take for granted is dar por supuesto4 ,before taking leave of me1 she wanted to give me the letter4 ,antes de despedirse de m1 quiso darme la carta4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,i take it for granted that you will take the necessary steps to prevent it4 ,doy por supuesto que ,vd4 dar los pasos necesarios para impedirlo4 7d7 ,to take place is rendered tener lugar or verificarse2 to take possession of is translated apoderarse de4 ,the funeral took place yesterday and the heirs have now taken possession of the property of the deceased4 ,el entierro tuvo lugar 7se verific7 ayer y ya se han apoderado de los bienes del difunto los herederos4 7e7 ,to take up room is rendered ocupar lugar or espacio2 to take care of1 cuidar de4 ,i'm going to get rid of this table4 ,it takes up too much room4 ,voy a deshacerme de esta mesa4 ,ocupa demasiado lugar4 ,don't worry4 ,god will take care of you and of your family4 ,no te apures4 ,dios cuidar de ti y de los tuyos4 7f7 ,to take advantage of is rendered aprovecharse de4 ,take advantage of all the opportunities that come to you4 ,aprovchese ,vd4 de cuantas oportunidades se le presenten4 7g7 ,to take back in the sense of to return is translated devolver2 meaning to retract it is rendered retractar4 ,take this letter back to them and tell them that we want them to take back what they say in it4 ,devulvales ,vd4 esta carta y dgales que queremos que retracten lo que en ella escriben4 #ajh4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,dios que cuida de los insectos cuidar de m y de mi familia4 #b4 ,all haba muchas personas que se haban apoderado de la chimenea4 #c4 ,no se quite ,vd4 el abrigo que aqu en este cuarto hace mucho fro4 #d4 ,me aprovech de la oportunidad para contarle lo ocurrido4 #e4 ,el cuento de la desgracia ocup el primer plan del diario de la maana4 #f4 ,tenemos mucho gusto en mandarle lo que nos ha pedido4 #g4 ,la recepcin que se verific con motivo de la visita del insigne autor1 atraj una brillante asistencia4 #h4 ,cuidado6 tengo que devolver ese jarro a la vecina y no quiero que me lo quiebres antes4 #i4 ,el espacio delante de la plataforma fu ocupado por los bancos de los alumnos4 #aj4 ,llveselo6 pero ha de ser ahora mismo4 7b7 #a4 ,take this back and tell them that it is not the one ,i asked for4 #b4 ,i shall take advantage of your offer4 #c4 ,this will take up more room than that4 #d4 ,i think they are taking it for granted that we are going with them4 #e4 ,don't you think that you ought to take off your shoes8 #f4 ,the trunk took up so much room in the car that there was no room for me4 #g4 ,tell them that ,i will take charge 7cargarse7 of all this so that they may take advantage of this time to go and take leave of their friends4 #h4 ,it was evident that he took 7had7 great pleasure in telling the children stories when he took care of them4 #i4 ,i think he will take possession of the property next week4 ,,lesson ,,xxxvi ,nada existe en la tierra que no sirve para algo4#cf --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #aji4 ,the word ever is translated nunca in a negative sentence4 ,meaning at any time1 it is rendered una or alguna vez4 ,as a suffix it is -quiera1 and the compound word is followed by que and the subjunctive4 ,now ,i deserve you less than ever4 ,ahora te merezco menos que nunca4--,,juan ,,valera4 ,do you think he will ever come to see us8 ,cree usted que venga una vez a vernos8 ,i would follow her wherever she went4 ,la seguira adondequiera que fuese4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 #aaj4 ,the verb to pass meaning to go by 7through1 past7 is rendered pasar por delante de4 ,they passed me in groups4 ,pasaron en grupos por delante de m4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7a7 ,in reference to time1 pass is rendered transcurrir when used intransitively4 ,i slept confidently that night and let the next day pass4 ,confiado dorm aquella noche y dej transcurrir el da siguiente4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7b7 ,to pass on meaning to continue one's way is rendered seguir el camino2 meaning to hand to1 give to it is translated entregar or dar a4 ,when you have finished with it1 pass it on to your friend4 ,cuando ,vd4 haya acabado con l1 entrguelo a su amigo4 ,he stopped to speak to us1 but passed on immediately4 ,se detuvo a hablarnos1 pero sigui en seguida su camino4 7c7 ,to pass 7promote7 is rendered aprobar2 to pass 7be promoted7 is ser aprobado4 ,you will pass of course1 but let's see if that professor will pass me4 ,tu sers aprobado1 eso s1 pero a ver si aquel profesor me aprobar a m4 #aaa4 ,the verb to pay or pay for is usually pagar4 ,meaning to be profitable it is rendered ser provechoso4 ,there were many there that paid nothing because they had nothing4 ,muchos haba all que nada pagaron porque nada tenan4 ,everybody knows that his mines did not pay4 ,todo el mundo sabe que sus minas no le eran provechosas4 7a7 ,to pay attention to has two translations4 ,meaning to listen to it is poner atencin1 meaning to heed1 act upon1 mind it is hacer caso de4 ,they never paid any attention to him when he was talking to them4 ,nunca le ponan atencin cuando les hablaba4 ,she used to talk to his aunt without paying any attention to him4 ,hablaba con su ta sin hacer caso de l4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 #aab4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,de todo eso no hice caso sino que siguiera adelante4 #b4 ,ha pasado muchas noches entregado al trabajo4 #c4 ,no hay que afirmar que pasamos por la casa de ,pepita4 #d4 ,no queran nunca hacerlo sin que ,vd4 los ayudase8 #e4 ,por dondequiera que vayamos tenemos que llevarlos a ellos4 #f4 ,cmo quieres aprender si nunca pones atencin8 #g4 ,parece que no tienen la intencin de pagarle4 #h4 ,no le haga ,vd4 caso que se est burlando de ,vd41 nada ms4 #i4 ,transcurri la noche sin que nadie en la casa lograra dormirse4 #aj4 ,en plena noche los oimos pasar por delante de la casa4 7b7 #a4 ,we have never had the money to pay for the house although we have always wanted to buy it4 #b4 ,do you know that man who has just passed the house8 #c4 ,my son has written me that he has passed all his examinations4 #d4 ,i don't believe that he will ever finish what he is doing4 #e4 ,whoever did this knows how to do it well4 #f4 ,don't pay any attention to them4 #g4 ,whatever book you choose1 pay cash for it 7pagar al contado74 #h4 ,i have finished with this and now ,i am going to pass it on to my younger brother4 #i4 ,did you ever see the portrait of my father that that painter painted8 #aj4 ,and so a quarter of an hour passed1 and the procession passed the house again4 ,,lesson ,,xxxvii ,la fe en una gran idea es la vida de la inteligencia4#cg --,,emilio ,,castelar4 #aac4 ,the verb to turn has many translations4 ,to turn 7round7 is volver or volverse4 ,he turned and looked him straight in the face4 ,se volvio y le mir cara a cara4--,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,all heads turned towards him4 ,todas las cabezas se volvieron hacia l4--,,juan ,,valera4 7a7 ,in the sense of to grow1 get1 become1 to turn is rendered ponerse4 ,auntie turned all the colors of the rainbow 7literally1 twenty-five colors74 ,la ta se puso de veinticinco colores4--,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7b7 ,in the sense of to go round or to make go round1 turn is dar vuelta7s74 ,in the phrase1 to turn the corner1 the verb may be translated doblar4 ,he was turning the wheel4 ,daba vueltas a la rueda4 ,it was two o'clock when he turned 7the corner7 into ,reconquista ,street4 ,eran las dos cuando dobl por la calle ,reconquista4 --,,jos ,m,,rmol4 ,upon turning the corner he found himself in a small plaza4 ,al dar vuelta a la esquina se hall en una plazuela4 7c7 ,to turn to in the sense of to address1 appeal to1 have recourse to is rendered dirigirse a4 ,where the appeal is specifically for help1 recurrir a may be used4 ,now you have heard it1 he continued1 turning to the young lady4 ,ya lo ha oido ,vd41--prosigui dirigindose a la seorita4 --,,jos ,m,,rmol4 ,since my family will not help me1 ,i turn to my friends4 ,ya que mi familia no quiere ayudarme1 me dirijo a mis amigos4 7d7 ,to turn over 7invert7 is invertir2 meaning to revolve it is revolver4 ,when he turned the plate over he found what had been hidden4 ,al invertir el plato hall lo escondido4 ,but1 man alive1 ,i can hardly turn over myself6 ,pero1 hombre de ,dios1 si apenas puedo revolverme yo6 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 7e7 ,to turn out 7prove to be7 is rendered resultar ser or resultar alone4 ,it turns out that you are the father of a genius4 ,resulta que eres el padre de un genio4--,,echegaray4 ,meaning to put out1 expel1 dismiss1 it is rendered expeler1 echar1 poner de patitas en la calle1 or despedir4 ,this servant is absolutely worthless4 ,i am going to turn him out4 ,este criado no vale absolutamente nada4 ,voy a ponerle de patitas en la calle4 7f7 ,to turn into 7become7 is rendered convertirse en or cambiar7se7 en4 ,i told the children the story of the prince who turned into a dragon4 ,cont a los nios el cuento del principe que se cambi en un dragn4 ,the witch turned the princess into a cat4 ,la bruja cambi a la princesa en un gato4 ,we took the furniture out of the room and turned it into a gymnasium4 ,sacamos los muebles del cuarto y lo convertimos en 7un7 gimnasio4 7g7 ,to turn up in the sense of to appear is rendered aparecer1 llegar1 dejarse ver2 in the sense of to happen it may be rendered suceder1 ocurrir1 acaecer4 ,that man always turns up when he is least wanted4 ,i hope something will turn up to keep him from coming to-day4 ,aquel hombre aparece siempre cuando menos queremos verle4 ,ojal que suceda algo que le impida el venir hoy6 #aad4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,la alfombra se haba puesto roja donde la haba manchado el cido4 #b4 ,apenas hube dado vuelta a la esquina cuando vi al que buscaba4 #c4 ,dirigindome entonces a la seora que acababa de hablar1 vi que se haba puesto muy plida4 #d4 ,compramos un erial y result que el subsuelo era un inmenso almacn de carbn4 #e4 ,entonces se convirti en una hada con alas blancas4 #f4 ,al fin cuando bamos perdiendo la paciencia se dejaron ver4 #g4 ,tan pequea era la habitacin que apenas podamos revolvernos en ella4 #h4 ,me he puesto a revolver papeles4 #i4 ,mi buen deseo result ser intil4 7b7 #a4 ,i wonder how that affair will turn out4 #b4 ,he turned the glass upside down4 #c4 ,turn them all out if they bother you4 #d4 ,it is not worth while to do that1 because they will surely turn up again4 #e4 ,they have turned that building into a school for the blind4 #f4 ,when you turn the next corner you will see the building that you are looking for4 #g4 ,the poor woman does not know to whom to turn in her distress4 #h4 ,the leaves are turning yellow and red4 ,they will fall soon4 #i4 ,he was turning the handle of a little organ that belonged to a blind man4 #aj4 ,all eyes turned in the direction of the speaker4 ,,lesson ,,xxxviii ,vale ms errar por generosidad que acertar por egosmo4#ch --,,emilio ,,castelar4 #aae4 ,english can and could1 translated by the present and past tenses of poder when possibility is implied1 are differently translated to express conjecture4 ,in the latter case1 ,spanish uses the future and conditional of the verbs that in ,english are the complements of can and could4 ,the examples should be very carefully studied and compared with those given under section #ajb4 ,what can be the matter with the poor boy8 ,qu tendr el pobrecillo8--,,ramos ,,carri,n4 ,where could ,telmo be hidden8 ,dnde estara metido ,telmo8--,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,the first man who made a friend--what could he have been thinking about8 ,el primer hombre que se hizo amigo--en qu estara pensando8--,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,it wasn't ,peter apparently4 ,it wasn't8 ,who could it have been8 ,no era ,pedro a lo visto4--,no8 ,quin estara8 --,,tomayo ,y ,,baus4 ,note that the conditional translates both could be and could have been4 #aaf4 ,to ring is tocar as a transitive and sonar as an intransitive verb4 ,we rang twice before we heard the bell ring within the house4 ,tocamos dos veces antes de or sonar la campanilla dentro de la casa4 ,at that moment a shot rang out very close4 ,en aquel mismo instante son un tiro muy prximo4 --,,alarc,n4 #aag4 ,english but as a synonym of however is pero2 as an adversative conjunction it is rendered sino2 in the sense of only or except it may be rendered sino or no 444 ms de 7que74 ,he is not here at present1 but ,i am expecting him at any moment4 ,no est aqu en este momento1 pero le estoy esperando de un momento a otro4 ,she is not ,spanish1 but ,italian4 ,no es espaola sino italiana4 ,no one knows it but you4 ,nadie lo sabe sino t4 ,remember that now you have no father but this gentleman4 ,acurdate de que ya no tienes ms padre que este seor4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 #aah4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,quin ser8--exclam la joven que se haba puesto plida4 #b4 ,sera mi hermano el que ha hecho eso8 #c4 ,son la campanilla1 pero el viejo no la oy por ser l sordo4 #d4 ,sern ya las tres8 ,sonara la campanilla sin que nosotros la oysemos8 #e4 ,voy a mandarle todo lo que me ha pedido menos este libro1 que no puedo pasarme sin l4 #f4 ,me dijo que a las doce de la noche haba sonado la campanilla del telfono4 ,quin me telefonara a esas horas8 #g4 ,ya no le queda ms dinero que la pequea suma que hered de su padre el ao pasado4 #h4 ,sera el vecino que me rob el caballo8 #i4 ,es la primera vez que ha faltado a la cita4 ,estar mala8 #aj4 ,yo no saba de quien sera el bolsillo que acababa de hallar4 #aa4 ,no hay quien toque las campanas como usted4 7b7 #a4 ,ring the bell and when they open the door ask for him4 #b4 ,who can that man be8 ,there is no one here who knows him4 #c4 ,we heard the coins ring as they fell on the table4 #d4 ,he speaks no language but ,english1 but he reads ,spanish and ,french4 #e4 ,i have no friend but you in the whole city4 #f4 ,could it have been your father who telephoned you last night8 #g4 ,where can my brother be8 ,i hope he has not lost his way4 #h4 ,i was wondering if he could have taken them4 ,she could not have lifted them4 #i4 ,we had nothing but bread and butter to eat1 but it was enough as we were not hungry4 #aj4 ,what can he be reading that seems to interest him so much8 ,generally he reads nothing but the daily paper4 ,,lesson ,,xxxix ,no necesitamos ser serios para ser buenos4#ci --,p,,rez ,,gald,s4 #aai4 ,the verb to put in its simplest meaning of to place1 lay1 set1 is poner4 ,it has a very large number of idiomatic uses that call for different translations4 ,many of these may be learned easily by paraphrasing put4 ,so1 to put away1 put by 7save71 guardar1 ahorrar2 to put back 7retard71 retardar2 7return a thing to where it was71 volver a poner una cosa en donde estaba2 to put out 7extend71 extender2 7extinguish71 apagar2 7expel71 expeler1 echar2 7disturb1 trouble1 annoy71 estorbar1 molestar2 to put down 7make a note of71 apuntar1 poner por escrito2 7to suppress71 suprimir4 ,don't scold me4 ,put yourself in my place4 ,no me reprenda usted4 ,pngase en mi caso4 --,,los ,,quintero4 ,i picked up the money and put it in my pocket4 ,recog el dinero y lo guard en el bolsillo4--,,juan ,,valera4 ,they say that he has a lot of money put away4 ,dicen que tiene ahorrado muchsimo dinero4 ,we will put down the names in this little book4 ,apuntaremos los nombres en este librito4 ,i shall not be satisfied until they have put it down in writing4 ,no quedar satisfecho hasta que lo hayan puesto por escrito4 ,can it be the change of teachers that has put him back so much8 ,ser el cambio de maestros que le ha retardado tanto8 7a7 ,to put on is translated by the reflexive ponerse4 ,they are torn1 ,i know1 but ,i put them on fully aware of it4 ,estan rotas1 s1 pero me las he puesto con todo conocimiento4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,note4--,cf4 to have on1 tener puesto1 -a1 -os1 -as4 ,they had their hats on4 ,tenan puestos los sombreros4 7b7 ,to put in 7add7 is aadir2 to put in mind of is rendered recordar2 to put in time is gastar or pasar tiempo4 ,this house puts me in mind of the house where ,i was born4 ,i should like to put in a few weeks here4 ,esta casa me recuerda la casa en donde nac yo4 ,quisiera pasar unas semanas aqu4 ,the lemonade is not very sweet4 ,put in a little more sugar4 ,no es muy dulce la limonada4 ,aada usted un poco de azcar4 #abj4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,apunte usted todo lo que yo le voy a decir pues ya s que tiene ,vd4 corta memoria4 #b4 ,vuelva ,vd4 a poner todas esas cosas en donde estaban4 #c4 ,guarda tus libros en este cajn4 #d4 ,ya van a apagar las luces4 ,salgamos antes de que nos echen a la calle4 #e4 ,me olvid de poner por escrito sus seas en cuanto me las di4 #f4 ,ponte este vestido4 ,te cae ms bien que aqul4 #g4 ,la llegada inesperada de tantos amigos a la vez estorb no poco a la seora4 #h4 ,extendi la mano para recibir la limosna4 #i4 ,apaga esa luz que aqu se puede ver bastante bien sin ella4 #aj4 ,si1 fuera yo usted no me estorbara por ellos4 7b7 #a4 ,i must put it down before ,i forget it4 #b4 ,the children have gone to bed without putting their toys away4 #c4 ,put a little more water in 7a7 the tea4 #d4 ,there is much sickness in that family4 ,they put it down 7atribuir7 to the water from that well4 #e4 ,we hoped to finish before night1 but the rain has put us back4 #f4 ,shall ,i put the lamp on this table8 7,use present tense of verb47 #g4 ,if we don't let her know that we are coming1 we may put her out4 #h4 ,he put the knife back into his pocket when he saw that we didn't need to cut the string4 #i4 ,the wind had put out all the lights1 but it had not put out the fire4 #aj4 ,do you think they will be able to put down the revolution that has broken out in the southern provinces8 ,,lesson ,,xl ,do 7donde7 el honor muerto est no hay ya de vida esperanza4#dj --,,gil ,y ,z,,rate4 #aba4 ,to strike in the sense of to hit is pegar2 to strike against is dar contra2 to strike the hour is dar la hora2 to strike 7cease work7 is declararse en huelga4 ,it was ,i who struck him the blow with the ax4 ,yo fu quien le pegu el hachazo4--,,jos ,m,,rmol4 ,has it struck ten yet8 ,han dado ya las diez8 ,he struck his head against the door and hurt himself cruelly4 ,di con la cabeza contra la puerta y se lastim cruelmente4 ,all the employes of the railroads have struck4 ,todos los empleados de las empresas ferroviarias se han declarado en huelga4 #abb4 ,spanish vez meaning time 7see section #ei7 occurs in many adverbial phrases which in ,english do not always contain the word time4 ,so1 otra vez1 again2 a la vez1 at once1 at the same time1 together2 de una vez y para siempre1 once and for all2 tal vez1 perhaps2 en vez de1 instead of2 rara vez1 rarely1 seldom2 cada vez ms1 more and more4 ,that surprised me and at the same time amused me4 ,eso me sorprendi y a la vez me haca graca4 --,,palacio ,,vald,s4 ,of thirteen or fourteen stones all thrown together1 wouldn't one hit him8 ,de trece o catorce piedras todas lanzadas a la vez1 no haba de tocarle una8--,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,i will answer you once and for all4 ,yo os responder de una vez y para siempre4--,,escrich4 ,he rarely entered the ,casino4 ,he had no time to spare4 ,entr rara vez en el ,casino4 ,no le sobraba tiempo4 --,,emilia ,,pardo ,,baz,n4 ,instead of saying ,i'm not going1 ,i take my hat and go4 ,en vez de decir--no voy--tomo el sombrero y me voy4 --,,juan ,,valera4 ,and so once here he insisted that we should stay a few days4 ,con que una vez aqu1 se empe en que quedsemos unos pocos das4--,,echegaray4 #abc4 ,the verb to start is rendered comenzar1 empezar1 principiar1 ponerse a1 when the meaning is to begin4 ,meaning to set in motion it is translated poner en movimiento4 ,in the sense of to leave1 depart1 it is rendered ponerse en marcha or en camino1 or partir4 ,to start from is rendered arrancar de4 ,with much pleasure1 ,i said1 and ,i started to unload4 ,con mucho gusto1 dije1 y me puse a descargar4--,,alarc,n4 ,scarcely had he started the engine when it stopped again4 ,no bien hubo puesto en movimiento la mquina cuando volvi a pararse4 ,the train starts from the north station4 ,el tren arranca de la estacin del norte4 ,the vehicle started at full speed4 ,el vehculo se puso en marcha a toda velocidad4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 #abd4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,es necesario que no salgamos a la vez4 #b4 ,en vez de marcharse por la noche se larg de madrugada4 #c4 ,no necesita usted hablarle otra vez4 #d4 ,es algo que tal vez sea una alucinacin1 pero lo he notado4 #e4 ,me peg sin que yo le hubiera dicho nada4 #f4 ,en los ltimos meses del ao pasado se declararon en huelga ms de siete mil obreros4 #g4 ,el tren estaba para ponerse en marcha4 #h4 ,al or lo que le dijimos nosotros se puso a correr hacia la aldea4 #i4 ,antes arrancaba el tren de esta estacin1 pero ya no4 #aj4 ,al or que daban las tres en el reloj del cabildo1 todos se pusieron a caminar hacia el palacio4 7b7 #a4 ,it is not right for them to strike now4 #b4 ,starting from 7a partir de7 to-day ,i must start for school at eight o'clock4 #c4 ,half an hour later they succeeded in starting the machine4 #d4 ,perhaps you will have more time next time4 #e4 ,she became more and more tired as she approached the end of her journey4 #f4 ,do you remember the last time the coal miners struck8 #g4 ,it strikes me 7se me ocurre7 that it would be better to finish it now once and for all4 #h4 ,instead of starting at half-past seven they waited until after it had struck eight4 #i4 ,they all called me at once1 but ,i was more and more determined not to go with them4 #aj4 ,he struck him a blow with a whip1 but the horse would not start4 ,,lesson ,,xli ,para los grandes intentos son los grandes corazones4#da --,,nu,,ez ,,de ,,arce4 #abe4 ,the verb to do is generally hacer4 ,used as an auxiliary in interrogative or negative sentences it is untranslated4 ,now that he is here let him see what he has to do4 ,ya que est aqu que vea lo que tiene que hacer4 --,,benavente4 ,didn't ,i tell you8 ,do you think she is happy8 ,no te lo deca yo8 ,crees que sea feliz8--,,jos ,,de ,,larra4 7a7 ,in the sense of to be enough1 to do is rendered bastar4 ,meaning to serve as1 be good for1 it is translated servir 7de74 ,that will do4 ,you have taken too much time already4 ,basta4 ,ya ha ocupado usted demasiado tiempo4 ,i have no letter paper4 ,will this postcard do8 ,no tengo papel de cartas4 ,servir esta tarjeta postal8 ,if it rains1 this newspaper will do for an umbrella4 ,si llueve1 este diario nos servir de paraguas4 #abf4 ,in addition to the adverbial expressions given in the preceding lessons the following are important3 by day1 de da by night1 de noche at daybreak1 al amanecer at nightfall1 al anochecer in the morning1 por la maana in the afternoon1 por la tarde in the evening 7or at night71 por la noche day by day1 from day to day1 de da en da a week from to-day1 de hoy en ocho das two weeks from to-day1 de hoy en quince das at six o'clock1 a las seis at six o'clock sharp1 a las seis en punto at a little after six1 a eso de las seis1 or a las seis y pico about six o'clock1 como a las seis within a few minutes1 in a few minutes1 dentro de pocos minutos1 a los pocos minutos ,note4--,when the hour is mentioned1 the phrases in the morning1 in the afternoon1 etc41 are rendered de la maana1 de la tarde4 ,so at six in the morning1 a las seis de la maana4 ,at night there were banquets on board4 ,por la noche hubo banquetes abordo4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,within two months after entering the army he was a sergeant4 ,a los dos meses de haber entrado en el ejrcito era sargento4 --,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 ,one afternoon at a little after five the robbers returned4 ,una tarde a eso de las cinco los ladrones regresaron4 --,,alarc,n4 ,day by day he feared that she would find him out4 ,de da en da tema que le descubriese4--,,blasco ,,ib,,ez4 #abg4 ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,todas las noches a eso de las once me diriga hacia aquella calle4 #b4 ,a los pocos das supe que haban llegado4 #c4 ,qu te parece8 ,servir ste8 #d4 ,por la maana trabajo1 por la tarde y por la noche me divierto4 #e4 ,le dije que tendra mucho gusto en hacer lo que me acababa de pedir4 #f4 ,al amanecer lleg uno de los soldados para decirnos que la compaa se pondra en marcha a las ocho en punto4 #g4 ,como son malos de da y de noche no tienen ms que malos pensamientos4 #h4 ,los alimentos que tenemos son pocos y malos1 pero creo que bastarn para los que tienen mucha hambre4 #i4 ,lo han comprado ellos8 ,no quieren comprarlo8 #aj4 ,esta roca llana nos servir de mesa4 #aa4 ,tenemos que hacerlo antes de hoy en quince das4 7b7 #a4 ,i want him to be here about eight o'clock4 #b4 ,i shall not have time to do all that ,i wanted to do4 ,it is a little after one now4 #c4 ,i have only a small knife4 ,will that do8 #d4 ,it has struck four4 ,didn't they say that they would be here at four exactly8 #e4 ,this newspaper will do for a tablecloth4 #f4 ,at what time did the accident occur8 ,at a little after six in the morning4 #g4 ,day by day they had more to do4 ,they worked more by day than by night4 #h4 ,he wants to wait until a week from ,tuesday1 but that will never do 7never is here only an emphatic not74 #i4 ,this ink won't do4 ,it's green4 #aj4 ,they woke me a little bit after eight to ask me what they should do4 ,,lesson ,,xlii ,la mentira es siempre cobarde4#db --,,los ,,quintero4 ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,it is the one who told you a little while ago that you had dropped something4 #b4 ,i don't like children4 ,they turn everything upside down4 #c4 ,what can he be doing that he doesn't come8 #d4 ,can the dog be mad8 the man wondered4 #e4 ,who could have spilled the milk8 #f4 ,take this4 ,it takes up too much room in this drawer4 #g4 ,the boy took off his hat when the old man spoke to him4 #h4 ,don't you ever pass my house on the way to your office8 #i4 ,it is a pity that he will not take advantage of your offer4 #aj4 ,why do you never pay attention to what ,i say to you8 7b7 #a4 ,i advised him not to pay for it1 but he paid no attention to my advice4 #b4 ,it turned out that they wanted to start earlier4 #c4 ,they were small and at the same time they cost too much4 #d4 ,perhaps if you turn the glass over you will find what you are looking for4 #e4 ,at that very moment we saw him turn the corner and come toward us4 #f4 ,to whom shall ,i turn1 now that my best friend has deserted me8 #g4 ,has your purse turned up yet8 #h4 ,he arrived at twelve-thirty sharp1 and told us that he had taken steps to prevent any accident4 #i4 ,it is a good rule to work by day and rest by night4 #aj4 ,has it struck one yet8 ,well1 then1 we need not wait for them any longer4 7c7 #a4 ,this is the old man who used to ring the church bell4 #b4 ,the workmen in that factory are not satisfied with their pay4 ,it is feared that they will strike4 #c4 ,but do you think it could have been my book that was burned8 #d4 ,put the things here and don't put yourself out any more for me4 #f4 ,it's too bad that it is so cold4 ,this will put the crops back4 #g4 ,put your shoes on4 ,it is too cold to wear slippers4 #h4 ,are you going to put on your white dress8 ,i don't like the one you have on4 #i4 ,that will do for the present4 ,but we shall want a larger one later4 #aj4 ,i don't like to work at night when ,i am sleepy4 ,,general ,,review ,,exercises 7a7 #a4 ,here's my card4 ,and what is your name8 #b4 ,does the noise keep you from sleeping8 #c4 ,he hasn't any change1 nor ,i either4 #d4 ,i don't like velvet4 ,it isn't stylish any longer4 #e4 ,if ,i have made a mistake1 ,i ask you to pardon me4 #f4 ,there6 ,now everything is ready4 #g4 ,help yourself to vegetables4 #h4 ,we are taking this journey just for pleasure4 #i4 ,i think we shall get there in time if we hurry4 #aj4 ,she gets up now and goes out to take a walk in the garden when it is not too cold4 #aa4 ,what is her husband's mother like8 #ab4 ,i can't stand the life in the city when it is so hot4 7b7 #a4 ,i miss all that we used to have before we left our country home4 #b4 ,at each step that we took our shoes got dirtier4 #c4 ,the rain beats hard against the window panes4 #d4 ,have you known them long8 ,i have only known them a few months myself4 #e4 ,listen6 ,it's striking twelve4 ,we must go now4 #f4 ,my duties have kept me from going to see him4 #g4 ,have you a railroad guide8 ,yes4 ,here it is4 ,but it is an old one4 #h4 ,turn into the glass all that the bottle won't hold4 #i4 ,we are getting near the city now1 aren't we8 #aj4 ,will you please come this way1 gentlemen4 ,the others are waiting for you4 #aa4 ,now we have only two things left to ask for4 7c7 #a4 ,since his son went to war he has to take his morning walk alone4 #b4 ,they would never make fun of a poor young man who wanted to help them because he thought they were poor4 ,from day to day she was afraid he would discover it and go away from her4 #d4 ,two days after getting her letter he found out everything that had happened4 #e4 ,let them think what they will1 it doesn't matter to me4 #f4 ,he wants me now more than ever4 ,i will spend my whole life taking care of him4 #g4 ,you needn't do that again4 ,i will do it myself4 #h4 ,but ,i do appreciate this young man6 #i4 ,but even so he had succeeded in getting together the respectable sum of forty thousand francs4 #aj4 ,he got into the automobile hastily1 anxious to get away4 #aa4 ,the vehicle started at full speed because the driver knew that he would have to hurry if he wanted to get to the station before the train left4 7d7 #a4 ,within a few days he felt great esteem for the new employe4 #b4 ,do what you will but don't talk to me about them4 #c4 ,one day the oldest daughter appeared at the farm and said she wanted to see her mother4 #d4 ,one day when they saw him alone they went up to him and asked him where he was going4 #e4 ,it was useless to have teachers come for him4 ,nobody could get him to study4 #f4 ,he told his relatives of the great fortune that he had just inherited4 #g4 ,he wished to appear before them as a millionaire4 #h4 ,he couldn't stand it that his only daughter should grow up like a boy4 #i4 ,if ,i only had what my father gives me1 ,i shouldn't have much4 #aj4 ,and finally he asked me the same question1 wondering that the idea had not occurred to him before4 #aa4 ,can it be that this is the last sentence that we are to write8 ,,appendix ,,to ,,be to be1 estar when location or temporary state is expressed1 otherwise ser4 to be able to1 poder4 to be about to1 estar para4 to be accustomed to1 acostumbrarse a1 soler 7used only in the present and the imperfect1 rd4 ch474 to be astonished1 pasmarse4 to be at one's ease1 estar a sus anchas4 to be back1 estar de vuelta4 to be better to1 valer ms4 to be born1 nacer4 to be composed of1 constar de4 to be enough1 bastar4 to be for 7used for71 servir para4 to be glad1 alegrarse1 celebrar4 to be ignorant of1 ignorar4 to be out 7not at home71 no estar en casa4 to be out 7lights1 fires71 estar apagado4 to be out of1 without1 estar sin4 to be sorry1 sentir4 to be up 7in the morning71 estar levantado4 to be up 7not gone to bed71 no haberse acostado1 velar4 ,,to ,,do to do away with1 abolir1 deshacerse de4 to do for oneself 7earn one's living71 ganar la vida4 to do one's best1 esmerarse1 hacer lo posible4 to do well 7be prosperous71 prosperar4 to do without1 pasar sin4 ,,to ,,go to go astray1 extraviarse1 descarriarse4 to go beyond 7be more than71 pasar ms all de1 exceder4 to go crazy1 volverse loco4 to go hard with1 pasarle mal a uno4 to go into 7be contained in71 caber en4 to go off well or ill1 salir bien or mal4 to go on 7continue71 hacer progresos4 to go one's way1 seguir el camino4 to go over 7review71 repasar4 to go to ruin1 echarse a perder4 go on6 vaya6 anda6 quita6 how goes it8 qu tal8 ,,to ,,get to get a lesson1 aprender or estudiar una leccin4 to get at 7begin71 ponerse a1 meterse a4 to get behind 7lose ground71 perder terreno1 quedar atras4 to get hold of 7seize71 asir1 agarrar1 apoderarse de4 to get lost1 extraviarse1 perderse4 to get off 7start71 partir1 marcharse1 irse1 ponerse en marcha4 to get off 7escape71 escaparse4 to get off 7be exonerated71 lograr a exonerarse4 to get on 7be successful71 tener buena suerte1 tener xito4 to get on with 7continue71 seguir1 continuar 7see to get along with74 to get one's bearings1 orientarse4 to get over 7recover from71 recobrar de1 restablecerse de 7illnesses1 losses71 dejar 7timidity1 fear1 modesty1 etc474 to get ready1 preparar1 aparejarse 7said of people getting themselves ready74 to get time1 hallar el tiempo4 to get tired1 cansarse4 to get to be1 llegar a ser4 to get wind of1 llegar a saber de1 recibir informes de4 get up6 arriba6 7to people71 arre6 7to animals74 ,,to ,,give to give evidence1 atestiguar4 to give notice or warning1 avisar1 advertir1 7in sense of warn7 poner sobre aviso4 to give one's mind to a thing1 aplicarse bien a una cosa4 to give the slip to1 escapar4 to give trouble1 incomodar1 hacer que hacer a4 ,,to ,,grow to grow larger1 dilatarse1 ponerse ms grande4 to grow longer1 extenderse4 to grow richer1 enriquecer1 hacerse rico4 to grow young again1 remozarse4 ,,to ,,hold to hold 7be of the opinion71 juzgar1 mantener la opinin4 to hold 7possess71 tener1 poseer4 to hold 7be valid71 ser vlido4 to hold 7be strong enough not to give way71 tener fuerza1 tener solidez4 to hold on 7not to let go of a thing seized71 no dejar una cosa4 to hold off 7delay an action71 hesitar1 diferir una accin4 to hold one's tongue1 callarse4 to hold up 7raise71 alzar1 levantar4 ,,to ,,keep to keep accounts1 llevar cuentas4 to keep at1 persistir en1 perseverar en4 to keep awake 7not to go to sleep71 quedar despierto4 to keep somebody awake1 impedir el dormir a alguien4 to keep books 7commercial71 tener libros1 llevar libros4 to keep down 7keep in subjection71 sujetar4 to keep down 7keep in moderation71 moderar4 to keep house1 manejar la casa4 to keep hold of1 no dejar4 to keep in sight1 tener a la vista4 to keep in touch with1 no perder comunicacin con4 to keep out of sight1 no dejarse ver4 to keep to1 adherir a4 to keep watch1 velar1 vigilar4 to keep up1 no cesar1 continuar4 ,,to ,,let to let 7houses1 etc471 arrendar1 alquilar4 to let a word fall1 soltar una palabra4 to let go 7loosen hold on71 soltar4 to let off 7guns1 etc471 disparar4 to let off 7excuse71 excusar1 exonerar4 ,,to ,,make to make a long story short1 para abreviar4 to make amends1 compensar1 indemnizar4 to make a mistake1 equivocarse4 to make angry1 enfadar1 enojar1 poner rabioso1 dar rabia a4 to make a point clear1 sacar en limpio un punto4 to make believe1 fingir1 pretender4 to make for 7contribute toward71 contribuir a4 to make good 7be successful71 tener buena suerta1 tener buen xito4 to make good 7prove71 probar4 to make good a promise1 cumplir con una promesa4 to make head or tail of1 llegar a comprender4 to make known1 hacer saber1 dar a conocer1 enterar4 to make light of1 no hacer caso de1 menospreciar4 to make no difference1 no importar4 to make one's escape1 escaparse1 salvarse huyendo4 to make out 7come to understand71 llegar a comprender4 to make out 7be able to read71 descifrar4 to make sense of1 hallar sentido a4 to make use of1 servirse de1 emplear4 ,,to ,,miss to miss an opportunity1 perder una oportunidad4 to miss the mark1 no dar en el blanco1 errar el tiro4 to miss the significance of1 no llegar a comprender4 to miss the train1 perder el tren4 ,,to ,,put to put forward 7one's best foot71 hacer todo lo posible4 to put oneself forward 7try to attract notice71 tratar de atraer la atencin4 to put in 7insert71 insertar4 to put into words1 expresar en palabras4 to put off 7postpone71 posponer1 diferir1 dejar por otro tiempo4 to put a person off 7make him wait71 hacerle a una persona que espere4 to put out of joint1 dislocar4 to put to death1 matar1 quitarle a uno la vida4 to put to flight1 hacer huir4 to put together1 juntar1 acumular4 to put up 7put away temporarily71 guardar1 dejar4 to put up at 7stop at71 pararse en1 alojarse en4 to put up fruits1 conservar frutas1 hacer conservas4 to put up money1 avanzar dinero4 to put up to 7leave decision to71 dejar a4 to put up to 7incite to71 incitar a1 instigar a4 to put up with 7bear1 suffer71 sufrir1 aguantar1 tolerar4 ,,to ,,run to run1 correr4 to run across 7find71 dar con1 tropezar con4 to run a machine1 manejar una mquina4 to run against 7bump into71 dar contra1 chocar con4 to run against 7oppose71 oponer a4 to run ahead1 ir or correr adelante4 to run along 7be situated along71 extenderse a lo largo de4 to run away1 escaparse1 huirse4 to run away with a thing1 llevarse una cosa4 to run away with 7get the better of71 apoderarse de4 to run back1 volver corriendo4 to run down 7clock or machine71 parar4 to run down 7find1 overtake71 hallar1 alcanzar4 to run down 7speak ill of71 calumniar1 enviliar4 to run in the blood1 estar en el sangre4 to run out 7be all used up71 acabarse1 concluirse4 to run out of1 estar sin1 acabrsele a uno4 to run over a list1 repasar una lista1 mirar atentamente4 to run up an account1 incurrir una cuenta4 to run up figures1 sumar nmeros4 to run up prices1 aumentar precios4 to run up and down1 correr por todas partes4 ,,to ,,stand to stand the expense of1 pagar los gastos de4 to stand alone1 estar solo1 ser el nico de su clase4 to stand aloof1 mantenerse lejos4 to stand by 7be near71 estar cerca1 hallarse presente4 to stand by 7help71 ayudar1 auxiliar4 to stand for1 7represent71 representar4 to stand for 7signify1 indicate71 significar1 indicar4 to stand in one's light 7literally71 quitarle a uno la luz2 7figuratively71 causarle a uno perjuicio4 to stand in need of1 necesitar1 tener necesidad de4 to stand one in good stead1 ser til a uno1 ser de buen provecho a uno4 to stand off 7be at some distance71 mantenerse a algun distancia4 to stand on tip-toe1 ponerse de puntillas4 to stand to reason1 conformar a razn1 ser conforme a razn4 to stand up for 7defend71 defender1 apoyar4 to stand upon ceremony1 gastar ceremonias or cumplimientos1 hacer ceremonias4 to stand upon one's right1 insistir en sus derechos4 ,,to ,,set to set at naught1 tener en nada4 to set a time1 sealar un tiempo4 to set back 7retard71 atrasar4 to set forth1 show1 manifestar1 promulgar4 to set off 7beautify71 embellecer4 to set on 7incite71 incitar4 to set one thinking1 hacerle a uno pensar4 to set oneself against something1 oponerse a algo4 to set on fire1 pegar fuego a4 to set store by1 dar importancia a4 to set prices1 fijar precios4 to set right1 corregir1 rectificar4 to set up in business1 establecerse4 to set upon 7attack71 atacar1 acometer4 ,,to ,,see to see a joke1 caer en un chiste4 to see 7call upon1 visit71 visitar4 to see into 7investigate71 examinar1 investigar4 to see into 7understand71 comprender4 to see some one home1 acompaar a uno a casa4 ,,to ,,take to take after 7resemble71 salir a4 to take an oath1 jurar1 hacer juramento4 to take apart1 deshacer1 separar1 despegar4 to take a liking to1 aficionarse a1 llegar a querer4 to take a course in1 cursar4 to take a hint1 darse por entendido4 to take a photograph1 sacar una fotografa1 retratar4 to take fright1 asustarse4 to take a trip1 hacer un viaje4 to take care1 cuidar4 to take care of1 cuidar1 tener cuidado de4 to take charge of1 encargarse de1 tomar a su cargo4 to take down 7make a note of71 apuntar1 hacer apuntes4 to take for granted1 dar por supuesto4 to take hold 7seize71 agarrar1 asir4 to take hold 7assume responsibilities71 cargarse de1 tomar a su cargo4 to take in 7include71 incluir4 to take in 7deceive71 engaar4 to take something into one's head1 ponrsele a uno en la cabeza1 occurrrsele a uno4 to take long1 necesitar mucho tiempo1 tardar en4 to take notice1 poner atencin1 hacer caso de4 to take offense1 ofenderse1 picarse4 to take out1 sacar4 to take pains1 darse pena1 esmerarse en4 to take pleasure in1 tener gusto en4 to take to pieces1 hacer pedazos1 deshacer1 despegar4 ,,to ,,strike to strike one 7occur to one71 occurrrsele a uno4 to strike a bargain1 hacer un convenio1 cerrar un trato4 to strike a balance1 hacer un balance4 to strike at1 lanzar un golpe a4 to strike back1 dar golpe por golpe4 to strike home 7hit a sensitive spot71 dar en el hito4 to strike out 7cancel71 borrar1 cancelar4 to strike up a tune1 tocar or taer una melodia4 ,,to ,,turn to turn away 7refuse admission to71 no dejar entrar1 hacer a uno que se vaya4 to turn down 7refuse71 negar1 rehusar4 to turn down 7fold over71 doblar1 plegar4 to turn in 7deliver1 hand in71 entregar4 to turn off 7water1 gas1 etc471 cerrar la canilla or la llave del agua1 del gas1 etc4 to turn one's head1 trastornarle a uno la cabeza4 to turn over a new leaf1 enmendarse1 empezar a vivir vida nueva4 to turn over to1 traspasar a1 transferir a4 to turn to account or advantage1 sacar utilidad1 ventaja or provecho de4 to turn upon 7attack71 atacar4 to turn upon 7depend upon71 depender de1 fundarse en4 ,,to ,,look to look down upon 7despise71 menospreciar1 despreciar4 to look out 7be on one's guard71 estar sobre aviso4 to look over 7examine71 examinar1 repasar4 to look to 7for help1 favors1 etc471 esperar de4 to look up to 7respect71 respetar4 to look well 7seem to be in good health71 parecer estar bien de salud4 to look well 7have a pleasing appearance7 7clothes71 sentar bien1 caer bien4 to look well 7seem fitting or proper71 ser conveniente4 ,,to ,,pay to pay back 7take revenge for71 pagar en la misma moneda4 to pay cash1 pagar al contado4 to pay attention to a lady1 cortejar or galantear a una seora4 to pay a call1 hacer una visita4 to pay in full1 pagar por completo4 to pay on the installment plan1 pagar a plazos4 to pay off employees1 despedir or despachar empleados4 ,,to ,,pass to pass on to 7hand over to71 entregar a4 to pass off 7disappear71 disiparse4 to pass off as 7treat as71 tratar de4 to pass oneself off as1 darse por4 to pass sentence1 pronunciar sentencia4 ,,to ,,play to play a trick or joke1 hacer una mala pasada or jugada4 to play the fool1 hacer el tonto2 so also to play or act blind1 ciego2 deaf1 sordo2 lame1 cojo1 etc4 to play truant1 hacer novillos4 ,,spanish-,,english ,,vocabulary ,a a1 at1 to1 in1 by1 from4 abajo1 under1 below1 down4 abatir1 to overthrow1 defeat1 cast down4 abecedario1 m41 alphabet4 abeja1 f41 bee4 abordo1 on board4 abrigo1 m41 overcoat4 abrir1 to open4 absolutamente1 absolutely4 absurdo1 -a1 absurd4 absurdos1 m4 pl41 absurdities4 abuela1 f41 grandmother4 abuelito1 m41 granddaddy4 abuelo1 m41 grandfather4 ac1 here 7with verb of motion74 acabar1 to finish2 ---- de 7followed by the infin471 to have just2 --se1 to give out 7section #ej71 be exhausted4 acaecer1 to happen4 aceptar1 to accept4 acercarse1 to approach4 acertar1 to succeed4 cido1 m41 acid4 aclarar1 to clear up1 explain4 acompaar1 to accompany1 go with4 acordarse1 to remember4 acostarse1 to go to bed4 acuerdo1 m41 accord1 harmony2 de---- con1 in accord with4 adelante1 forward2 de ah en---- 1 from this time on2 en---- 1 henceforth1 from now on4 adis1 good-by4 admirarse 7de71 to wonder at 7section #ajc74 adnde81 where to8 adondequiera1 wherever4 adorar1 to adore1 love4 adquirir1 to acquire4 adverso1 -a1 adverse4 advertir1 to advise1 give notice of1 warn4 aficin 7a71 f41 fondness1 liking for1 inclination toward4 afirmar1 to affirm1 assert4 afortunado1 -a1 fortunate4 agradable1 agreeable4 agradar 7a71 to please 7section #fg74 agradecer1 to oblige4 agradecido1 -a1 obliged4 agrio1 -a1 sour4 agua1 f41 water4 aguantar1 to bear1 endure1 stand4 ah1 there4 ahora1 now4 ahorrar1 to save1 conserve4 aire1 m41 air4 ajeno1 -a1 strange1 belonging to some one else4 al1 contraction of a and el2 see a4 ala1 f41 wing4 alarmar1 to alarm4 alcanzar1 to overtake4 aldea1 f41 village4 alegrarse1 to be glad4 alegra1 f41 joy1 happiness4 alfrombra1 f41 carpet4 algo1 something1 anything1 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year4 apagar1 to put out1 extinguish2 --se1 to go out1 be extinguished 7section #aag74 aparecer1 to appear4 apartar1 to put aside2 --se1 to stand aside1 get out of the way4 apenas1 hardly1 scarcely4 apoderarse 7de71 to take possession of4 apoyo1 m41 help1 support4 aprender1 to learn4 aprestar1 to get ready1 prepare for4 aprobar1 to approve1 pass 7in examination74 aprovecharse 7de71 take advantage of4 apuntar1 to make a note of1 put down4 apurarse1 to worry4 apuro1 m41 trouble1 difficulty1 worry4 aquel1 aquella1 that 7demons4 adj474 aqul1 aqulla1 that1 that one 7demons4 pron474 aqu1 here 7section #bi74 rbol1 m41 tree4 argentino1 -a1 ,argentine4 arrancar1 to start 7from71 to pull out4 arriba1 up1 above4 asiento1 m41 seat4 asistencia1 f41 people present1 guests1 spectators4 asistir a1 to be present at1 attend4 asomar1 to appear4 asunto1 m41 affair1 business1 matter4 atacar1 to attack4 atraer1 to attract4 atreverse1 to dare4 atribuir1 to attribute1 put down to4 atroz1 m4 and f41 terrible1 atrocious4 aun1 yet1 still 7accented when it follows the word modified74 aunque1 although4 automvil1 m41 automobile4 autor1 m41 author4 aventura1 adventure4 avergonzarse1 to be ashamed4 ayer1 yesterday4 ayudar1 to help4 ayudo1 m41 aid1 help4 azcar1 m41 sugar4 azul1 m4 and f41 blue4 ,b bailar1 to dance4 bajar1 to go down1 get down1 pull down4 banco1 m41 bench1 seat1 bank 7financial institution74 banquete1 m41 banquet4 barato1 -a1 cheap4 barco1 m41 bark1 boat4 bastante1 enough4 bastar1 to be enough1 do 7section #abc74 bal1 m41 trunk4 ,benavente 7,jacinto71 ,spanish author4 besar1 to kiss4 bicicleta1 f41 bicycle4 bien1 well1 all right4 bienes1 m4 pl41 property1 possessions4 billete1 m41 ticket2 ---- de banco1 banknote4 blanco1 -a1 white4 blando1 -a1 soft4 bolsillo1 m41 purse1 pocket4 bondad1 f41 goodness2 tenga usted la---- 1 please 7section #fg74 brasero1 m41 charcoal stove4 brazo1 m41 arm4 brillante1 m4 and f41 brilliant4 bruja1 f41 witch4 bueno1 -a1 good1 well1 all right4 burla1 f41 fun1 mockery1 joke4 burlarse 7de71 to make fun of1 mock at1 joke about4 buscar1 to look for2 mandar a---- 1 to send for4 ,c caballero1 m41 gentleman1 sir4 caballo1 m41 horse4 caber 7en71 to hold1 be contained in 7section #ca74 cabeza1 f41 head4 cabildo1 m41 city hall4 cabo1 m41 cape1 headland2 llevar a---- 1 to carry out1 end1 finish1 conclude2 al fin y al---- 1 finally1 at last4 cada1 each4 caer1 to fall2 dejar---- 1 to drop4 caf1 m41 coffee1 caf1 restaurant4 cajn1 m41 box1 drawer4 calor1 m41 heat2 hacer---- 1 to be hot 7weather72 tener---- 1 to be hot 7persons74 callarse1 to be quiet1 stop talking4 calle1 f41 street4 cambiar1 to change2 --se en1 to turn into 7section #aac74 cambio1 m41 change4 caminar1 to walk4 camino1 m41 way 7section #dh74 campana1 f41 bell4 campanilla1 f41 little bell1 doorbell4 campo1 m41 country 7as opposed to city2 see pas74 cansadsimo1 -a1 very tired4 cansadito1 -a1 very tired4 cansado1 -a1 tired4 cansar1 to tire4 cantar1 to sing4 cntaro1 m41 pitcher2 llover a--s1 to rain torrents4 capaz1 m4 and f41 capable4 capitn1 m41 captain4 cara1 f41 face2 ---- a---- 1 face to face1 straight in the face4 carbn1 m41 coal4 cargo1 m41 charge4 carta1 f41 letter4 casa1 f41 house2 en---- 1 at home2 a---- 1 home 7with verbs of motion74 casado1 -a1 married4 casar1 to marry1 give in marriage2 --se con1 to be married to1 marry4 caso1 m41 case1 place2 hacer---- de1 to pay attention to4 ,cataln1 m41 ,catalonian 7a native of ,catalonia1 the northeast section of ,spain74 caterva1 f41 tribe1 band1 number4 causa1 f41 cause2 a---- de1 because of4 causar1 to cause4 ceder1 to yield1 give up 7section #ej74 celebrar1 to celebrate1 to be glad4 celos3 tener---- 1 to be jealous4 cena1 f41 supper4 cerca de1 near1 about4 cerradura1 f41 lock1 keyhole4 cerrar1 to close4 cesar 7de71 to cease1 stop4 cesto1 m41 basket4 ciego1 -a1 blind4 cielo1 m41 sky1 heaven4 ciento1 hundred4 cierto1 -a1 certain2 por---- 1 indeed1 certainly4 cinco1 five4 cinta1 f41 ribbon4 cita1 f41 quotation1 appointment4 ciudad1 f41 city4 claro1 -a1 clear4 clavo1 m41 nail4 clima1 m41 climate4 cobarde1 m4 and f41 cowardly4 cocina1 f41 kitchen4 cocinera1 f41 cook4 coche1 m41 carriage4 coger1 to take1 pick up4 color1 m41 color4 comer1 to eat4 comercio1 m41 business1 commerce4 comida1 f41 meal1 dinner4 como1 how1 as 7section #if72 cmo8 how8 compaero1 -a1 companion4 compaa1 f41 company4 compartamento1 m41 compartment4 compartir1 to share4 compasin1 f41 compassion4 compensar1 to compensate1 make up for4 cmplice1 m41 accomplice4 comprar1 to buy4 comprender1 to understand1 see through4 con1 with4 concepto1 m41 conception1 opinion4 conciencia1 f41 conscience4 concierto1 m41 concert4 concluirse1 to come to an end1 give out4 conferencia1 f41 conference4 confesar1 to confess4 confiado1 -a1 confident1 trusting in4 conformarse1 to agree4 congeniar 7con71 to agree1 get along well with4 conmigo1 with me4 conocer1 to know1 be acquainted with1 become acquainted with4 conocimiento1 m41 knowledge1 acquaintance4 conque1 and so4 conquistador1 m41 conqueror4 consentir 7en71 to consent to1 agree to4 construir1 to build1 construct4 contar1 to tell 7section #ij74 contener1 to hold1 contain4 contentar1 to please 7section #ff74 continuar1 to continue1 keep on 7section #cd74 contra1 against4 convertirse 7en71 to change into1 turn into 7section #aac74 convidar1 to invite4 corazn1 m41 heart4 cordero1 -a1 lamb4 cortar1 to cut4 corto1 -a1 short4 correo1 m41 mail1 post office4 correr1 to run4 cosa1 f41 thing4 coser1 to sew4 crecer1 to grow 7section #bc74 creer1 to believe1 think4 criado1 -a1 servant4 criar7se71 to grow1 grow up 7section #bc74 cruelmente1 cruelly4 cuaderno1 m41 note-book4 cunto1 -a8 how much8 cuntos1 -as8 how many8 cuarto1 m41 room4 cuatro1 four4 cuchillo1 m41 knife4 cuenta1 f41 bill4 cuento1 m41 story4 cuidado6 take care6 cuidarse1 to take care4 cura1 m41 priest4 ,,ch chaqueta1 f41 jacket4 charlar1 to chat4 chico1 -a1 small2 los--s1 the children4 chimenea1 f41 fireplace4 ,d dao1 m41 hurt1 harm2 hacerse--1 to hurt oneself4 dar1 to give2 ---- contra1 to bump into1 run into4 de1 of1 from1 by4 deber1 m41 duty4 deber1 must1 ought1 should 7section #gf74 dbil1 m4 and f41 weak4 decidirse1 to decide1 make up one's mind 7section #ec74 decir1 to say1 tell 7section #ij74 declarar1 to declare2 --se en huelga1 to strike 7section #aba74 defendido1 -a1 defended4 dejar1 to leave 7section #cg72 --de1 to cease1 stop2 let 7section #ch74 delante1 forward2 ---- de1 in front of2 de ah en---- 1 from now on4 delgado1 -a1 thin1 slender4 dems3 lo---- 1 the rest1 what's left2 los 7las7---- 1 the others4 demasiado1 too1 too much4 dentro de1 within4 derecho1 -a1 right 7section #ge74 desacorde1 m4 and f41 out of harmony1 not in agreement4 desaparecer1 to disappear4 descansar1 --se1 to rest4 descubrir1 to discover1 find out4 desde1 since 7prep472 ---- que1 since 7conj474 desear1 to desire4 deseo1 m41 desire4 desgracia1 f41 misfortune4 deshacerse 7de71 to get rid of4 desierto1 -a1 deserted4 deslizarse1 to slip4 despacho1 m41 office4 despedirse1 to say farewell1 take one's leave 7section #ajg74 despus1 afterwards4 despus de1 after 7prep472 ---- que1 after 7conj47 7section #bf74 detenerse1 to stop4 determinado1 -a3 tener---- 1 to have made up one's mind4 devolver1 to return1 give back4 da1 m41 day2 de---- en---- 1 from day to day4 diamante1 m41 diamond4 diario1 -a1 daily4 diario1 m41 newspaper4 dibujo1 m41 drawing4 diciembre1 m41 ,december4 diez1 ten4 diferencia1 f41 difference4 difcil1 m4 and f41 difficult4 diligente1 m4 and f41 diligent4 diligentemente1 diligently1 hard 7section #di74 dinero1 m41 money4 ,dios1 m41 ,god4 dirigirse1 to turn 7section #aac74 discpulo1 -a1 pupil4 disgusto1 m41 annoyance1 vexation4 disposicin1 f41 disposition1 disposal4 distancia1 f41 distance4 distinguido1 -a1 distinguished4 divertirse1 to amuse oneself1 have a good time1 enjoy oneself4 doblar1 to double1 turn 7section #aac74 doce1 twelve4 dolor1 m41 pain1 grief1 sorrow4 dolorcillo1 m41 a little pain4 dormir1 to sleep2 --se1 to go to sleep4 dos1 two4 dulce1 m4 and f41 sweet4 dulces1 m4 pl41 sweets1 candy4 duro1 -a1 hard 7section #di74 duro1 m41 dollar4 ,e ea6 come6 echar1 to throw1 to put out 7section #aai74 echar de menos1 to miss 7section #ee74 edad1 f41 age4 efecto1 m41 effect4 egosmo1 m41 egoism1 selfishness4 ejercicio1 m41 exercise4 ejrcito1 m41 army4 el1 m41 the4 l1 he4 ,elisa1 ,elise1 ,eliza4 ella1 she1 her4 embelesado1 -a1 charmed1 delighted4 empearse en1 to insist upon4 empezar1 to begin4 empleado1 -a1 employ4 empresa1 f41 undertaking2 company 7commercial or industrial74 en1 in1 on4 encaje1 m41 lace4 encantador1 -a1 charming1 delightful4 encuentro1 m41 meeting4 enfadado1 -a1 angry1 vexed1 annoyed4 enfermedad1 f41 illness1 sickness4 enfermo1 -a1 ill2 as noun1 invalid4 engaar1 to deceive1 take in2 --se1 to be deceived1 be mistaken4 enojado1 -a1 annoyed1 vexed4 ensenada1 f41 bay4 entenderse1 to understand one another1 agree4 entero1 -a1 entire1 whole2 das or meses--s1 days or months at a time4 entierro1 m41 funeral4 entrar1 to enter4 entregar1 to deliver1 hand over to4 enviar1 to send4 equipaje1 m41 baggage4 equivocarse1 to make a mistake1 be mistaken4 erial1 m41 uncultivated land4 errar1 to err4 escalera1 f41 stairs4 escaparse1 to escape1 get away 7section #af74 esclavitud1 f41 slavery4 esclavo1 -a1 slave4 escondido1 -a1 hidden4 escribir1 to write4 escrito3 por---- 1 in writing4 escuchar1 to listen1 listen to4 ese1 esa1 that 7demons4 adj472 se1 sa 7demons1 pron474 eso1 that 7neut4 demons4 pron472 a---- de 7in time expressions71 a little after4 espacio1 m41 space4 espantoso1 -a1 frightful4 espaol1 -a1 ,spanish1 ,spaniard4 espejo1 m41 mirror4 esperanza1 f41 hope4 esperar1 to hope1 wait1 expect4 espritu1 m41 spirit4 esposo1 -a1 husband1 wife4 espuela1 f41 spur4 esquina1 f41 corner 7exterior angle2 see rincn74 estacin1 f41 season1 station4 estado1 m41 state4 estar1 to be 7section #a74 este1 esta1 this 7demons4 adj472 ste1 sta 7demons4 pron474 esto1 this 7neut4 demons4 pron474 estorbar1 to disturb1 put out 7section #aah74 estrella1 f41 star4 estudiar1 to study4 estudio1 m41 study4 evitar1 to avoid1 help 7section #bg74 exclamar1 to exclaim4 exclusivamente1 exclusively4 existir1 to exist4 xito1 m41 outcome1 success4 explicar1 to explain4 extender1 to extend1 put out 7section #aai74 extranjero1 -a1 strange1 stranger1 foreign1 foreigner4 extraar1 to wonder 7section #ajc74 ,f falta1 f41 lack1 need2 hacer---- a1 to need1 want4 faltar 7a71 to need1 want 7sections #fe1 #ih74 familia1 f41 family4 fatiga1 f41 fatigue4 favor1 m41 favor2 please 7section #fg74 fe1 f41 faith4 felicitar1 to congratulate4 feliz1 m4 and f41 happy4 ferroviario1 -a1 pertaining to railroads4 fiar1 to trust4 fiesta1 f41 holiday4 fievre1 f41 fever4 fin1 m41 end1 conclusion2 al---- 1 at last2 por---- 1 finally4 flaco1 -a1 thin4 flor1 f41 flower4 fortuna1 f41 fortune4 fsforo1 m41 match4 fro1 m41 cold2 hacer---- 1 to be cold 7weather72 tener---- 1 to be cold 7persons74 fruta1 f41 fruit4 fuego1 m41 fire2 pegar---- a1 to set fire to4 fuerte1 m4 and f41 strong4 fuerza1 f41 strength4 ,g gana1 f41 desire2 tener--s de 7with infin471 to feel like4 ganar1 to earn4 gato1 m41 cat4 generoso1 -a1 generous4 genio1 m41 genius1 talent4 gente1 f41 people4 gimnasio1 m41 gymnasium4 gimnstico1 -a1 gymnastic4 gitano1 -a1 gipsy4 glorioso1 -a1 glorious4 gordo1 -a1 fat4 gozarse1 to rejoice1 enjoy4 gracia1 f41 favor1 jest1 joke4 gracias1 f4 pl41 thanks4 gramtica1 f41 grammar4 grande1 m4 and f41 large4 grupo1 m41 group4 guante1 m41 glove4 guapo1 -a1 pretty1 charming4 guardar1 to keep1 put away 7sections #cd1 #aai74 guisar1 to cook1 stew4 gustar1 to like 7section #fj74 gusto1 m41 pleasure4 ,h haber1 to have 7section #f72 ---- de1 must 7section #ge74 hbil1 m4 and f41 clever1 skillful4 habitacin1 f41 room4 habitar1 to live1 inhabit1 occupy4 hablar1 to speak1 talk4 hacer1 to make1 do 7section #abe72 --se1 to become1 grow 7section #bc74 hacia1 toward 7section #hj74 hachazgo1 m41 blow with an ax or hatchet4 hada1 f41 fairy4 hallar1 to find2 --se1 to be 7section #a74 hambre1 f41 hunger2 tener---- 1 to be hungry4 harina1 f41 flour4 hasta1 until 7prep472 even 7section #hj72 ---- que1 until 7conj474 hay1 there is1 there are2 ---- que1 one must1 it is necessary 7section #gf74 hazaa1 f41 adventure1 exploit4 heredar1 to inherit4 heredero1 -a1 heir4 hermano1 m41 brother4 hierba3 mala---- 1 f41 weed4 hija1 f41 daughter4 hijo1 m41 son4 hombre1 m41 man2 ---- de ,dios6 man alive6 hombro1 m41 shoulder4 honor1 m41 honor4 hora1 f41 hour1 time 7section #ei74 hormiga1 f41 ant4 huele1 see oler4 huelga1 f41 strike2 declararse en--1 to strike 7section #aba74 huerto1 m41 orchard4 humo1 m41 smoke4 hngaro1 -a1 ,hungarian1 gipsy4 ,i idea1 f41 idea4 iglesia1 f41 church4 impedir1 to hinder1 prevent1 keep 7section #cd74 importancia1 f41 importance4 importante1 m4 and f41 important4 incendio1 m41 fire1 conflagration4 inclinarse1 to be inclined4 independencia1 f41 independence4 indisposicin1 f41 illness4 individuo1 m41 individual1 person4 inesperado1 -a1 unexpected1 unhoped for4 injusto1 -a1 unjust4 insecto1 m41 insect4 inserto1 -a1 inserted1 included4 insigne1 m4 and f41 famous1 celebrated4 instrumento1 m41 instrument4 inteligencia1 f41 intelligence4 intencin1 f41 intention2 tener la--1 to mean 7section #fh74 intento1 m41 purpose1 intention4 inters1 m41 interest4 interior1 m41 interior4 intil1 useless4 inundado1 -a1 inundated1 flooded4 invertir1 to invert1 turn over 7section #aac74 investigar1 to investigate1 look into4 invitacin1 f41 invitation4 ,j jardn1 m41 garden4 jarro1 m41 pitcher1 jug4 joven1 m4 and f41 young person1 young man1 young woman4 juez1 m41 judge4 jugar1 to play 7section #fc74 junto 7-a7 a1 near to1 next to4 justo1 -a1 just1 right 7section #gd74 juzgar1 to judge4 ,l la1 the1 her4 lado1 m41 side4 ladrn1 m41 robber4 lmpara1 f41 lamp4 lancha1 f41 boat4 lanzar1 to lance1 throw4 lpiz1 m41 pencil4 largarse1 to run away1 skip4 largo1 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f41 mother4 madrugada1 f41 early morning2 de--1 early in the morning4 maestro1 m41 teacher4 mal1 badly2 bad 7before mas4 sing4 nouns74 malicioso1 -a1 malicious1 sharp4 malo1 -a1 bad1 ill4 manantial1 m41 spring 7of water74 manchar1 to spot1 blot4 manecita1 f41 little hand4 manera1 f41 manner1 way 7section #dh74 mano1 f41 hand4 mantenerse1 to keep 7section #cd74 manzana1 f41 apple4 maana1 f41 morning2 7as adv471 to-morrow4 mquina1 f41 machine4 maquinaria1 f41 machinery4 mar1 m4 and f41 sea4 ,marco1 m41 ,mark 7proper noun74 marcharse1 to go away1 leave 7section #cg74 marinero1 m41 sailor4 martes1 m41 ,tuesday4 martillo1 m41 hammer4 ms1 more2 no---- que1 just 7section #bd74 mayor1 m4 and f41 older1 greater4 me1 me1 to me1 for me4 mediano1 -a1 medium1 mediocre1 half-way4 medias1 a1 half-way1 by halves4 mdico1 m41 doctor4 medida3 a---- que1 in a measure as1 as 7section #if74 medio1 -a1 half 7section #ic72 en--de1 in the midst of4 mejor1 m4 and f41 better4 mejorarse1 to get better1 improve4 memoria1 f41 memory2 de---- 1 by heart4 memorialista1 m41 public letter writer4 menos1 less2 a---- que1 unless2 por lo---- 1 at least4 mentira1 f41 lie1 untruth4 menudo1 -a1 often4 merecer1 to merit1 deserve4 mermar1 to diminish4 mes1 m41 month4 mesa1 f41 table4 metido1 -a1 put1 hidden4 mtodo1 m41 method4 mi1 my4 m1 me 7with prep474 miedo1 m41 fear2 tener---- 1 to be afraid4 miel1 f41 honey4 mientras1 while1 as long as 7section #ab74 milla1 mile4 millonario1 -a1 millionaire4 mimar1 to pet1 spoil4 mina1 f41 mine4 minero1 m41 miner4 mo1 -a1 mine4 mirar1 to look 7section #ai74 mira6 see here6 mismo1 -a1 same1 very 7section #fb72 lo---- da1 it's all the same2 it doesn't matter4 mitad1 f41 half 7section #ic74 modo1 m41 mode1 manner1 way 7section #dc74 mofarse 7de71 to mock at1 make fun of 7section #ec74 mojar1 to wet1 soak4 molestar1 to trouble1 disturb1 put out 7section #aai74 momento1 m41 moment4 montn1 m41 heap1 pile4 moreno1 -a1 brown4 morir1 to die4 motivo3 con---- de1 on the occasion of1 because of4 movimiento1 m41 movement1 motion4 mozo1 -a1 young man1 young woman1 waiter4 muchacha1 f41 girl4 muchacho1 m41 boy4 mucho1 -a1 much4 muebles1 m4 pl41 furniture4 mujer1 f41 woman4 muerto1 -a1 dead4 mundo1 m41 world2 todo el---- 1 everybody4 muro1 m41 wall4 msica1 f41 music4 ,n nacer1 to be born4 nacional1 m4 and f41 national4 nada1 nothing2 ---- ms que 7de71 nothing but1 just 7section #bd74 narracin1 f41 narrative1 story4 naturaleza1 f41 nature4 necesario1 -a1 necessary4 necesitar1 to need1 want 7section #ih74 negro1 -a1 black4 nevar1 to snow4 nieve1 f41 snow4 ningn1 see ninguno4 ninguno1 -a1 no1 not any1 not one4 niera1 f41 nurse-maid4 nio1 -a1 child4 no1 no1 not4 nocin1 f41 notion1 idea4 noche1 f41 night4 nodriza1 f41 nurse4 nombre1 m41 name4 norte1 m41 north4 nos1 us1 ourselves4 nosotros1 -as1 we1 us 7with prep474 notar1 to notice1 note4 noticia1 f41 notice1 news4 nuestro1 -a1 our4 nuevo1 -a1 new4 nmero1 m41 number4 nunca1 never4 ,o obedecer1 to obey4 obra1 f41 work 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dovecote1 pigeon house4 palomita1 f41 little dove1 little pigeon4 palpar1 to feel 7section #dc74 pan1 m41 bread4 panadero1 m41 baker4 papel1 m41 paper2 hacer un---- 1 to play a part1 act a rle4 para1 for 7section #d72 ---- con1 toward 7section #ha72 ---- que1 in order that4 parado1 -a1 standing4 paraguas1 m41 umbrella4 parar1 to stop4 parecer1 to appear1 seem1 think 7section #eb74 parte1 f41 part4 partir1 to depart1 leave 7section #cg74 pasar1 to pass 7section #aaj72 --se sin1 to get along without1 do without4 paseo1 m41 walk1 promenade2 dar un---- 1 to take a walk4 patitas3 poner de---- en la calle1 to dismiss1 discharge1 turn out4 patria1 f41 native country2 see campo and pas4 patrona1 f41 landlady4 ,patros1 f41 proper noun1 name of woman4 paz1 f41 peace4 pedir1 to ask for1 beg 7section #c74 pegar1 to strike 7section #aba72 --fuego a1 to set fire to4 pena1 trouble2 valer la---- 1 to be worth while4 pensamiento1 m41 thought4 pensar1 to think 7section #eb74 pea1 f41 cliff4 ,pepita1 proper noun1 f4 pequeo1 -a1 small1 little 7section #bj74 perder1 to lose4 perdido1 m41 loss4 perdonar1 to pardon1 excuse4 perezoso1 -a1 lazy4 perjudicial1 m4 and f41 prejudicial1 harmful4 permiso1 m41 permission4 pero1 but 7section #aag74 perro1 m41 dog4 persona1 f41 person4 persuadir1 to persuade1 get 7section #af74 pesar3 a---- de1 in spite of4 piano1 m41 piano4 pie1 foot2 a---- 1 on foot2 de---- 1 standing4 piedad1 f41 pity1 piety4 piedra1 f41 stone4 pintar1 to paint4 placer1 m41 pleasure4 plan1 m41 plan1 page 7of newspaper74 planchar1 to iron1 press4 plataforma1 f41 platform4 playa1 f41 beach1 shore4 plaza1 f41 square4 plazuela1 f41 small square4 pluma1 f41 pen4 plumafuente1 f41 fountain pen 7also2 plumatintero1 m474 pobre1 m4 and f41 poor4 poco1 -a1 little 7quantity2 see section #bj74 pocos1 -as1 few4 poder1 to be able2 a ms no---- 1 to the utmost of one's ability1 as hard as one can4 poner1 to put 7section #aai72 --se1 to grow1 put on 7sections #bc and #aai72 --se de pie1 to stand up 7section #hd74 por1 by1 through1 in1 for 7section #d74 porque1 because4 por qu8 why8 posibilidad1 f41 possibility4 posible1 m4 and f41 possible2 lo---- 1 what is possible4 precio1 m41 price4 preguntar1 to ask 7section #c72 --se1 to wonder 7section #ajc74 prendas de vestir1 f4 pl41 clothes4 presentarse1 to appear 7section #gg74 presente1 m4 and f41 present4 presidente1 m41 president4 prestar1 to lend4 primero1 -a1 first4 primo1 -a1 cousin4 principiar1 to begin4 prisa1 f41 haste2 tener---- 1 estar de---- 1 to be in a hurry4 problema1 m41 problem4 proclamar1 to proclaim1 publish4 procurar1 to try4 producir1 to produce4 profesor1 m41 teacher1 professor4 profundizar1 to go deeply into a thing or a matter1 dig deeper4 prometer1 to promise4 promovido1 -a3 ser---- 1 to pass1 be promoted 7section #aaj74 pronto1 soon1 quickly4 pronto1 -a1 ready1 quick4 propagado1 -a1 propagated4 propio1 -a1 own4 proseguir1 to continue4 prospero1 -a1 prosperous1 fortunate4 protegido1 -a1 protg4 prximo1 -a1 next4 prudencia1 f41 prudence4 publicar1 to publish1 give out 7section #ej74 pblico1 -a1 public4 pueblo1 m41 town1 village4 puerta1 f41 door4 pues1 well 7section #cj71 then1 for 7conj474 puesto1 -a1 on 7section #aai72 ---- que1 since 7section #i74 pulgada1 f41 inch4 punto1 m41 point2 en---- 1 exactly 7with time expressions74 puro1 m4 and f41 pure4 ,q que1 what1 that1 who1 which1 whom4 qu8 what8 quebrar1 to break4 quedar1 to remain1 be left 7section #cg72 --se con1 to keep 7section #cd74 quedo1 -a1 quiet1 quietly2 -ito1 -a1 very quietly4 querer1 to love1 wish1 want 7section #ih74 quien1 who4 quin8 who8 quieto1 -a1 quiet4 quince1 fifteen2 ---- das1 two weeks1 a fortnight4 quitar1 to take away2 --se1 to take off 7section #ajf72 --se de en medio1 to get out of the way4 ,r rabioso1 -a1 rabid1 mad4 raro1 -a1 rare4 rato1 m41 while4 razn1 f41 reason1 right 7section #ge74 rebelde1 m41 rebel4 recepcin1 f41 reception4 recibir1 to receive1 get4 recin1 recently 7form used only to modify past participle74 recoger1 to pick up1 gather together4 recompensar1 to recompense1 make up for 7section #ec74 recordar1 to remember1 remind of4 recuperar1 to recuperate4 regin1 f41 region4 regla1 f41 rule4 regresar1 to return1 come back4 reina1 f41 queen4 rer1 to laugh4 reloj1 m41 watch1 clock4 remedar1 to imitate1 take off 7section #ajg74 remedio1 m41 remedy2 no hay---- 1 it can't be helped4 remendar1 to mend4 remoto1 -a1 remote4 rendir1 to give up 7section #ej74 renunciar1 to renounce1 give up 7section #ej74 reir1 to quarrel4 repente3 de---- 1 suddenly1 all at once4 reposo1 m41 repose1 rest4 reprender1 to censure1 scold4 representacin1 f41 performance4 repblica1 f41 republic4 resolver1 to resolve1 make up one's mind4 respeto a1 with regard to4 retardar1 to retard1 keep back 7section #cd74 retener1 to keep 7section #cd74 retirar1 to retire1 take back 7section #ajf74 retractar1 to retract1 take back 7section #ajf74 retraso3 con---- 1 late4 reunin1 f41 meeting4 revista1 f41 magazine4 revolver1 to turn 7section #aac74 rey1 m41 king4 rezar1 to pray4 rico1 -a1 rich4 rincn1 m41 corner 7inside angle2 see esquina74 ro1 m41 river4 risa1 f41 laughter4 robar1 to steal4 roca1 f41 rock4 rogar1 to ask 7section #c74 rojo1 -a1 red4 rollo1 m41 roll4 ropa1 f41 clothes4 rostro1 m41 face4 roto1 -a1 broken1 torn4 rueda1 f41 wheel4 ruido1 m41 noise4 ,s saber1 to know 7section #ad74 sabio1 -a1 wise4 sacar1 to take out 7section #ajg74 saco1 m41 sack1 bag4 sacrificar1 to sacrifice4 sacrificio1 m41 sacrifice4 sala1 f41 room1 living-room4 salir1 to go out1 leave 7section #cg74 saltar1 to leap1 spring4 salud1 f41 health4 salvar1 to save 7section #ib74 salvo y sano1 safe and sound4 santo1 -a1 saint4 sargento1 m41 sergeant4 satisfacer1 to satisfy4 satisfecho1 -a1 satisfied4 sastre1 m41 tailor4 se1 self 7reflexive pronoun of the third person1 also of the second person formal72 also used as pers4 pron41 #bnd and #crd pers41 ind4 obj41 before lo1 la1 los1 las4 sed1 f41 thirst4 seguida3 en---- 1 immediately1 at once4 segn1 according to4 seguro1 -a1 sure1 certain4 semana1 f41 week4 sembrar1 to sow4 sencillez1 f41 simplicity4 sencillo1 -a1 simple4 sentar mal a1 to disagree with 7physically74 sentarse1 to sit down 7section #hd74 sentir1 to be sorry1 feel 7section #dc74 seas1 f4 pl41 directions1 address4 seor1 m41 gentleman1 sir1 ,mr4 seora1 lady1 madam1 ,mrs4 seorita1 f41 young lady1 ,miss4 sptimo1 -a1 seventh4 ser1 to be 7section #a74 serio1 -a1 serious4 servir1 to serve2 ---- de1 to serve as2 ---- para1 to do for1 be good for 7section #abe74 si1 if4 s1 yes1 self 7used for se with a prep474 siempre1 always1 ever2 para--jams1 for ever and ever4 silla1 f41 chair4 silln1 m41 armchair4 sin1 without 7prep472 ---- que1 without 7conj42 section #fi74 sino1 except1 but 7section #aag74 siquiera1 even 7section #hj74 srvase1 please 7section #fg74 situado1 -a1 situated4 sobrar1 to be left over1 be superfluous1 be too much4 sobre1 m41 envelope4 sobre1 over1 above1 on 7prep474 sobriedad1 f41 sobriety4 sobrino1 m41 nephew4 social1 m4 and f41 social4 sociedad1 f41 society4 sofocante1 m4 and f41 suffocating4 sol1 m41 sun4 solamente1 only 7section #ga74 solas3 a---- con1 alone with 7section #gb74 soldado1 m41 soldier4 soler1 to be wont1 be accustomed4 solito1 -a1 all alone1 entirely alone4 solo1 -a1 alone 7section #gb74 slo1 only 7section #ga71 just 7section #bd74 sombra1 f41 shade1 shadow4 sombrero1 m41 hat4 sonar1 to ring 7section #aaf74 sonrisa1 f41 smile4 soplar1 to blow4 soportar1 to bear1 endure1 stand 7section #he74 sordo1 -a1 deaf4 sorprender1 to surprise4 sospechar1 to suspect4 su1 his1 her1 your1 their4 subir1 to go up 7section #aj71 take up 7section #ajg74 subsuelo1 m41 subsoil4 suceder1 to happen1 succeed 7section #gi74 suelen1 see soler4 sueo1 m41 sleep2 tener---- 1 to be sleepy4 sufrir1 to bear1 suffer1 stand 7section #he74 suma1 f41 sum4 supuesto3 por---- 1 of course4 suyo1 -a1 his1 hers1 yours1 theirs4 ,t tabaco1 m41 tobacco4 tacto1 m41 touch4 tal1 m4 and f41 such2 ---- vez1 perhaps2 qu--8 what's 444 like8 7section #fa74 talento1 m41 talent4 tambin1 too1 also4 tampoco1 either1 neither 7sections #ii and #ajj74 tan1 so 7section #cc74 tantito1 slightly1 rather1 a little bit 7section #bj74 tanto1 -a1 as much1 so much 7sections #cc and #if74 tardar1 to be long in 7section #ab74 tarde1 f41 afternoon4 tarde1 m4 and f41 late4 tarjeta1 f41 card2 ---- postal1 post card4 t1 m41 tea4 te1 7pron47 thyself1 thee1 you4 teatro1 m41 theater4 tela1 f41 cloth4 telefonar1 to telephone4 telfono1 m41 telephone4 temer1 to fear1 be afraid4 temperatura1 f41 temperature4 tempestad1 f41 tempest1 storm4 temprano1 early4 terminar1 to end4 ta1 f41 aunt4 tiempo1 m41 time 7section #ei74 tierra1 f41 earth1 land4 tinta1 f41 ink4 tirano1 -a1 tyrant4 tiro1 m41 shot4 tocar1 to touch1 play 7section #fd72 concern4 tocino1 m41 bacon4 todava1 yet1 still4 todo1 -a1 all 7section #df74 tomar1 to take 7section #ajg74 tonto1 -a1 foolish1 silly4 topo1 m41 mole4 trabajar1 to work4 trabajo1 m41 work4 traduccin1 f41 translation4 traer1 to bring1 get 7section #af74 traje1 m41 suit1 clothes4 transcurrir1 to pass 7section #aaj74 tranva1 m41 street car4 tras1 behind1 after 7section #bf74 trasnochar1 to sit up all night1 spend a sleepless night4 tratar1 to treat4 tremendo1 -a1 tremendous4 tren1 m41 train4 tres1 three4 trigo1 m41 wheat4 triste1 m4 and f41 sad4 trocar1 to exchange4 tu1 thy4 t1 thou4 ,u ltimo1 -a1 last 7of a series74 un1 see uno4 nico1 -a1 only 7section #ga74 un7o71 -a1 one 7section #ajc74 usted1 you4 utilidad1 f41 use1 usefulness4 ,v vacio1 -a1 empty4 valer1 to be worth4 valor1 m41 valor4 vanidad1 f41 vanity4 vamos6 come6 vano1 -a1 vain4 vaya6 come6 well6 why6 there6 7section #ef74 vecino1 -a1 neighbor4 vehculo1 m41 vehicle4 veinte1 twenty4 veinticinco1 twenty-five4 velo1 m41 veil4 velocidad1 f41 speed2 a toda---- 1 at full speed4 vencer1 to conquer1 overthrow4 venda1 f41 bandage4 vender1 to sell4 venir1 to come4 venta1 f41 inn1 tavern4 ventana1 f41 window4 ventanilla1 f41 small window4 ver1 to see 7section #ic74 verdad1 f41 truth4 verificarse1 to take place 7section #ajg74 vestido1 m41 dress4 vestir1 to dress1 wear2 --se1 to get dressed4 vez1 f41 time 7section #abb74 viaje1 m41 journey4 victoria1 f41 victory1 ,victoria 7proper noun74 vida1 f41 life4 viejo1 -a1 old1 old man1 old woman4 viento1 m41 wind4 villano1 -a1 evil1 wicked4 violn1 m41 violin4 visita1 f41 visit1 visitor4 visitar1 to visit1 call upon4 visto3 por lo---- 1 apparently4 viuda1 f41 widow4 vivir1 to live4 voluntad1 f41 will1 way 7section #dh74 volver1 to turn 7section #aac72 --a 7followed by the infin471 to do something again4 voz1 voice4 vuelta1 f43 dar una---- 1 to take a walk2 estar de---- 1 to be back2 dar--s a1 to turn 7section #aac74 ,y y1 and4 ya1 already2 ---- que1 since 7section #i72 ---- no1 no longer 7section #ab72 ---- que no1 even1 if not 7section #gi74 yo1 ,i4 ,z zoolgico1 -a1 zological4 ,,english-,,spanish ,,vocabulary ,a able1 to be1 poder4 about1 de1 acerca de 7concerning72 cerca de1 ms o menos 7nearly1 approximately7 7section #da74 above1 arriba1 sobre2 ---- all1 sobre todo1 ante todo4 abroad1 al extranjero1 en el extranjero4 absence1 ausencia1 f4 absolutely1 absolutamente4 absurdity1 absurdo1 m4 accident1 accidente1 m42 desgracia1 f4 accord3 in---- with1 de acuerdo con4 according to1 segn4 account3 on---- of1 a causa de1 por 7section #aja74 acquaintance3 to make the---- of1 conocer4 acquainted with1 to be1 conocer4 across1 al otro lado de4 act1 obrar1 portarse 7to behave74 admire1 to1 admirar4 advantage of1 to take1 aprovecharse de4 advice1 consejo1 m4 advise1 to1 aconsejar4 affair1 asunto1 m4 afraid1 to be1 tener miedo4 after1 tras1 despus de 7section #bf74 afternoon1 tarde1 f4 afterwards1 despus4 again1 otra vez1 de nuevo1 volver a1 with infinitive4 against1 contra4 age1 edad1 f4 ago1 hace1 ha 7the first precedes1 the second follows1 the expression of time2 hace is used when definite time is expressed1 ha when the time is indefinite74 agree with1 to1 sentar bien4 air1 aire1 m4 alarm1 to1 alarmar4 alive1 vivo1-a2 man--6 hombre6 all1 todo1-a2 ---- of a sudden1 de repente 7section #df74 almost1 cas4 alone1 solo1-a 7section #gb74 aloud1 en alta voz4 already1 ya4 also1 tambin4 although1 aunque4 among1 entre4 amused1 to be1 divertirse4 an1 un1 una4 and1 y4 angel1 ngel1 m4 anger1 ira1 clera1 f42 enojo1 m4 animal1 animal1 m4 another1 otro1-a4 answer1 to1 contestar1 responder4 answer1 contestacin1 f4 anxious1 ansioso1-a4 any1 algn1 alguno1-a4 apparently1 a lo visto1 segn parece1 segn pareca4 appear1 to1 aparecer1 parecer1 dejarse ver 7section #gh74 appearance1 to put in1 dejarse ver4 appreciate1 to1 estimar1 apreciar4 approach1 to1 acercarse4 ,argentine1 argentino1-a4 arm1 brazo1 m4 armchair1 silln1 m42 butaca1 f4 army1 ejrcito1 m4 arrive1 to1 llegar4 as1 como 7section #if74 ashamed1 to be1 tener vergenza4 ask1 to1 preguntar1 pedir1 rogar 7section #c74 asleep1 to be1 estar dormido1-a2 to be sleepy1 tener sueo4 at1 a1 en2 ---- once1 en seguida2 to be---- 7to attend71 asistir a4 attention1 atencin1 f4 aunt1 ta1 f4 author1 autor1-ra4 automobile1 automvil1 m4 avoid1 to1 evitar1 prevenir4 aware1 a sabiendas2 to be---- 1 saber4 away1 to be1 estar ausente4 7,this word should generally be looked for in connection with the verb with which it is used1 as it is in ,spanish usually included in the verb2 as1 marcharse1 to go---- 2 llevarse1 to take---- 1 etc47 ,b bad1 malo1-a4 back1 to be1 estar de vuelta4 7,ordinarily it is best to look for this word under the verb with which it is used2 as1 to give--1 devolver2 to go---- 1 volver1 etc47 bag1 saco1 m4 baggage1 equipaje1 m4 baker1 panadero1 m4 ball 7dance71 baile1 m4 bandit1 bandito1 m42 bandolero1 m4 bank1 banco1 m42 --note1 billete de banco4 banquet1 banquete1 m4 basket1 cesto1 m42 cesta1 f4 be1 to1 estar1 ser 7section #a74 beautiful1 hermoso1-a2 bello1-a4 because1 porque1 a causa de1 por 7section #aja74 become1 to1 ponerse 7to grow72 sentar bien 7to suit74 bed1 cama1 f42 to go to---- 1 acostarse4 bee-hive1 colmena1 f4 before1 antes1 ante1 delante de1 antes que 7section #ac74 beg1 to1 pedir1 rogar4 beggar1 pordiosero1-a2 mendigo1-a4 behind1 atrs1 atrasado1-a2 detrs de4 believe1 to1 creer4 bell1 campana1 f42 campanilla1 f4 belong1 to1 pertenecer4 below1 abajo4 best1 el or la mejor2 ms 7as adverb74 better1 mejor1 m4 and f4 bicycle1 bicicleta1 f4 big1 grande1 m4 and f4 bill1 cuenta1 f4 bird1 pjaro1 m4 birthday1 7da de7 cumpleaos1 m4 bit1 poquito 7a small quantity72 tanto1 tantito 7to a slight degree74 bite1 to1 morder4 blame1 culpa1 f42 to be to---- 1 tener la culpa4 blind1 ciego1-a4 blow1 to1 soplar4 blow with hatchet1 hachazo1 m42 ---- with whip1 latigazo1 m4 blue1 azul1 m4 and f4 boat1 bote1 m42 lancha1 f4 book1 libro1 m4 bookcase1 estante1 m4 born1 to be1 nacer4 both1 ambos1-as2 el uno 7la una7 y el otro 7la otra72 los or las dos4 bother1 to1 molestar4 bottle1 botella1 f4 box1 cajn1 m42 caja1 f4 boy1 muchacho1 m4 bread1 pan1 m4 break1 to1 romper1 quebrar4 breakfast1 desayuno1 m42 almuerzo1 m4 bring1 to1 traer4 brother1 hermano1 m4 brown1 moreno1-a4 building1 edificio1 m4 burn1 to1 quemar4 business1 comercio1 m42 negocio1 m4 busy1 ocupado1-a4 but1 pero1 sino 7section #aaf74 butter1 mantequilla1 f4 buy1 to1 comprar4 by1 por1 de4 ,c call1 to1 llamar4 can1 present tense of poder 7section #aae74 candy1 dulces1 m4 pl4 capable1 capaz1 m4 and f4 cape 7geographical71 cabo1 m4 captain1 capitn1 m4 car 7auto71 automvil1 m4 card1 tarjeta1 f4 care of1 to take1 cuidar2 take--6 cuidado6 careful1 cuidadoso1-a4 carelessness1 descuido1 m4 cash1 dinero1 m42 to pay---- 1 pagar al contado4 casino1 casino1 m4 7a social club74 cast down1 to1 abatir4 catch1 to1 coger4 cause1 to1 causar4 cause1 causa1 f4 cat1 gato1 m4 ,catalonian1 ,cataln1-a 7native of ,catalonia1 ,spanish ,catalua74 cease1 to1 cesar1 dejar de4 certainly1 ciertamente1 por cierto1 por supuesto 7section #ef b74 chain1 cadena1 f4 chair1 silla1 f42 arm--1 silln1 m42 butaca1 f4 change1 cambio1 m4 change1 to1 cambiar4 charge of1 to take1 cuidar1 tomar a su cargo4 charmed1 embelesado1-a4 charming1 encantador1-a2 simptico1-a4 cheap1 barato1-a4 child1 nio1-a4 choose1 to1 escoger4 church1 iglesia1 f4 cite1 to1 citar4 city1 ciudad1 f4 class1 clase1 f4 clean1 to1 limpiar4 clean1 limpio1-a4 clear up1 to1 aclarar4 close1 to1 cerrar4 close to1 cerca de1 junto 7-a7 a4 clothes1 ropa1 f42 prendas de vestir4 coal1 carbn1 m4 coat1 chaqueta1 f42 rain--1 impermeable1 m42 over--1 abrigo1 m4 coffee1 caf1 m4 coin1 moneda1 f4 cold1 fro1-a2 to be---- 1 tener fro 7persons72 to be---- 1 hacer fro 7weather72 to take---- 1 resfriarse1 coger un resfriado4 color1 color1 m4 come1 to1 venir4 committee1 comisin1 f4 companion1 compaero1-a4 company1 compaa1 f42 to keep one---- 1 hacer compaa a uno4 compartment1 compartamento1 m4 compel1 to1 compeler4 conduct1 conducto1 m4 confess1 to1 confesar4 confident1 confiado1-a4 congenial1 simptico1-a4 congregate1 to1 congregar4 conqueror1 conquistador1 m4 conscience1 conciencia1 f4 consent1 to1 consentir 7en74 contain1 to1 contener4 continue1 to1 continuar1 seguir4 cook1 to1 cocinar1 guisar4 cook1 cocinero1-a4 cool1 fresco1-a4 corner1 esquina1 rincn 7section #he74 corridor1 corredor1 m42 pasillo1 m4 cost1 to1 costar4 could1 past tenses and subjunctive of poder 7section #aae74 counter1 contador1 m4 country1 pas1 m4 7geographical division72 campo1 m4 7opposed to city72 native---- 1 patria4 course1 of1 por supuesto1 cmo no6 ya lo creo 7section #ef 7b774 cowardly1 cobarde1 m4 and f4 crazy1 loco1-a4 creditor1 acreedor1-ra4 crops1 mieses1 f4 pl4 cruelly1 cruelmente4 cry1 to1 llorar 7to weep72 gritar 7to call out74 curious1 curioso1-a4 cut1 to1 cortar4 ,d daily1 diario1-a2 7adv471 diariamente4 daily 7newspaper71 diario1 m4 damage1 dao1 m4 dark1 obscuro1-a4 darkness1 obscuridad1 f4 daughter1 hija1 f4 dawn1 amanecer1 m42 alba1 f4 day1 da1 m42 ---- after to-morrow1 pasado maana4 daybreak1 amanecer1 m4 dead1 muerto1-a4 dear1 querido1-a 7term of affection72 caro1-a 7expensive74 deceive1 to1 engaar4 declare1 to1 declarar4 deep1 hondo1-a4 deer1 ciervo1 m4 defend1 to1 defender4 depart1 to1 partir4 depths1 profundidad1 f4 describe1 to1 describir4 desert1 to1 abandonar4 deserted1 desierto1-a4 deserve1 to1 merecer4 desirous1 to be1 tener ganas4 dessert1 postre1 m4 determine1 to1 determinar4 devoted to1 to be1 estar dedicado 7-a7 a4 diamond1 diamante1 m4 dictionary1 diccionario1 m4 die1 to1 morir4 difficult1 difcil1 m4 and f4 difficulty1 dificultad1 f4 dine1 to1 comer4 dining-room1 comedor1 m4 dinner1 comida1 f42 ---- time1 la hora de comer4 direction1 direccin1 f4 dirty1 sucio1-a4 disagree1 to1 sentar mal a 7physical74 disappear1 to1 desaparecer4 disappointment1 chasco1 m4 discover1 to1 descubrir4 dismiss1 to1 despedir4 disposal1 disposicin1 f4 distance1 distancia1 f4 distress1 desgracia1 f42 afliccin1 f4 do1 to1 hacer1 servir 7section #abe74 doctor1 doctor1 m42 mdico1 m4 dog1 perro1 m4 dollar1 dlar1 m42 duro1 m42 peso1 m4 door1 puerta1 f4 doorway1 puerta1 f4 doubt1 duda1 f42 there is no---- 1 no cabe duda4 down1 abajo4 7,also often included in the meaning of the verb with which it is used2 as1 to take---- 1 to pull---- 1 bajar2 to run---- 1 bajar corriendo2 to put---- 1 to jot---- 1 apuntar1 etc47 dozen1 docena1 f4 dragon1 dragn1 m4 draw1 to1 tirar 7to pull72 dibujar 7to outline1 sketch74 drawing1 dibujo1 m4 dream1 to1 soar4 dress1 vestido1 m4 dress1 to1 vestir4 driver1 cochero1 m42 chauffeur1 m4 drop1 to1 dejar caer 7let fall72 caer 7to fall74 dust1 polvo1 m4 duty1 deber1 m4 ,e each1 cada uno1 7-a74 ear1 odo1 m4 7inner ear72 oreja1 f4 7outer ear74 early1 temprano1-a4 earn1 to1 ganar4 earth1 tierra1 f4 earthquake1 terremoto1 m4 eat1 to1 comer4 egg1 huevo1 m4 eight1 ocho4 either1 o2 o el 7la7 uno 7-a7 o el 7la7 otro 7-a72 tampoco 7section #ii74 electric1 elctrico1-a4 else1 ms2 or---- 1 si no4 employ1 empleado1-a4 encircle1 to1 rodear4 engine1 locomotora1 f42 mquina1 f4 ,english1 ingls1-a4 enjoy1 to1 gozarse en1 gozar 7en74 enough1 bastante4 enter1 to1 entrar4 erect1 to1 erigir1 edificar4 eruption1 erupcin1 f4 escape1 to1 escaparse4 esteem1 estimacin1 f4 even1 aun1 hasta1 siquiera 7section #hj74 evening1 tarde1 f4 ever1 jams1 nunca 7section #aji74 everybody1 todo el mundo4 everything1 todo4 evident1 evidente1 m4 and f4 evil1 malo1-a2 villano1-a4 exactly1 justo1 exacto1 exactamente1 en punto 7when naming the hour74 examination1 examen1 m4 example1 ejemplo1 m4 exercise1 ejercicio1 m4 excited1 to get1 animarse4 exclusively1 exclusivamente4 expect1 to1 esperar4 experience1 experiencia1 f4 expert1 experto1-a2 experimentado1-a4 explain1 to1 explicar4 eye1 ojo1 m4 ,f face1 cara1 f4 fact1 hecho1 m4 factory1 fbrica1 f4 fail1 to1 faltar1 dejar de4 faith1 fe1 f4 fall1 to1 caer4 fault1 culpa1 f42 to be one's---- 1 tener la culpa4 family1 familia1 f4 famous1 famoso1-a2 insigne1 m4 and f4 farm1 hacienda1 f4 father1 padre1 m4 fatigue1 fatiga1 f4 fear1 to1 temer4 fear1 temor1 m4 fearful1 terrible1 m4 and f42 atroz1 m4 and f4 feel1 to1 sentir1 palpar1 tocar 7section #dc74 feeling1 sentimiento1 m4 fever1 fiebre1 f4 few1 pocos1-as4 finally1 al fin1 por fin4 fine3 some---- day1 un buen da4 find1 to1 hallar1 encontrar2 to--out1 saber1 llegar a saber4 fire1 fuego1 m42 to set---- to1 pegar fuego a4 fireman1 bombero1 m4 first1 primero1-a2 ---- of all1 en primer lugar1 antes4 five1 cinco4 fixed1 fijado1-a4 flame1 llama1 f4 flooded1 inundado1-a4 floor1 suelo1 m4 flower1 flor1 f4 fluently1 corrientemente4 folks1 little1 los chicos1 la gente menuda4 follow1 to1 seguir4 fond of1 to be1 tener aficin a1 querer4 fool1 tonto1-a4 foolish1 tonto1-a4 foot1 pie1 m4 for1 por1 para 7section #dj74 foreign1 extranjero1-a4 forget1 to1 olvidar1 olvidarse de4 forgive1 to1 perdonar4 fork1 tenedor1 m4 forty1 cuarenta4 fountain pen1 plumafuente1 f42 plumatintero1 m4 four1 cuatro4 franc1 franco1 m4 ,french1 francs1-a4 friend1 amigo1-a4 fruit1 fruta1 f4 full1 lleno1-a2 at---- speed1 a todo escape1 a todo correr4 fully1 del todo4 fun1 diversin1 f42 burla1 f42 to make---- of1 burlarse de4 funeral1 entierro1 m4 ,g garden1 jardn1 m4 general1 general1 m4 general1 general1 m4 and f4 7adj474 generally1 generalmente2 por lo general4 genius1 genio1 m4 gentleman1 seor1 m42 caballero1 m4 get1 to1 obtener 7section #af74 gipsy1 gitano1-a4 girl1 muchacha1 f4 give1 to1 dar1 entregar 7section #ej74 glad1 to be1 alegrarse4 glass1 vaso1 m4 7for drinking72 vidriero1 m4 7of window74 glove1 guante1 m4 go1 to1 ir 7section #aj74 ,god1 ,dios1 m4 good1 bueno1-a4 good-by1 adis4 good-for-nothing1 que no vale nada4 governor1 gobernador1 m4 grandfather1 abuelo1 m4 grandmother1 abuela1 f4 great1 grande1 m4 and f4 green1 verde1 m4 and f4 groan1 gemido1 m4 groan1 to1 gemir4 group1 grupo1 m4 grow1 to1 crecer1 aumentar1 criarse 7section #bc74 guide1 guia1 m42 ---- book1 guia1 f4 gymnasium1 gimnasio1 m4 gymnastic1 gimnstico1-a4 ,h half1 medio1-a4 half1 mitad1 f4 half-way1 a medias2 ---- there1 en medio 7a la mitad7 del camino4 hand1 mano1 f4 handle1 manija1 f4 happen1 to1 acaecer1 acontecer1 ocurrir2 to---- to be1 hallarse4 happiness1 alegra1 f4 happy1 alegre1 m4 and f42 contento1-a4 hard1 duro1-a2 difcil1 m4 and f4 7section #di74 hardly1 apenas4 haste1 to make1 darse prisa4 hastily1 aceleradamente4 hat1 sombrero1 m4 have1 to1 tener1 haber1 hacer 7section #b74 he1 l4 head1 cabeza1 f4 hear1 to1 or1 entender1 sentir 7section #gc74 hearer1 oyente1 m4 and f4 heart1 corazn1 m42 to know by--1 saber de memoria4 heat1 calor1 m4 help1 ayuda1 f4 help1 to1 ayudar1 asistir1 amparar 7section #bg74 heir1 heredero1-a4 her1 su 7poss4 adj472 la1 le 7pers4 pron474 here1 aqu1 ac 7section #bi74 hide1 to1 esconder1 ocultar4 high1 alto1-a4 him1 le 7or lo74 himself1 se1 l mismo4 his1 su1 suyo1-a4 history1 historia1 f4 hit1 to1 pegar2 ---- against1 dar contra4 hold1 to1 contener1 detener1 caber en 7section #ba74 holiday1 da de fiesta1 f4 home1 a casa 7with verb of motion72 at---- 1 en casa4 honor1 honor1 m4 hope1 to1 esperar4 horse1 caballo1 m4 hot1 caliente1 m4 and f42 to be---- 1 tener calor 7persons72 hacer calor 7weather74 hour1 hora1 f4 house1 casa1 f4 how 7interr471 cmo8 to know---- 1 saber4 how 7excl471 cmo6 cun6 qu6 hundred1 ciento2 cien 7before nouns74 hungry1 to be1 tener hambre4 hurry1 to1 darse prisa4 hurry1 to be in a1 tener prisa1 estar de prisa4 hurt1 to1 lastimar1 hacer dao a4 husband1 marido1 m42 esposo1 m4 ,i ,i1 yo4 idea1 idea1 f4 if1 si4 ill1 malo1-a2 enfermo1-a4 illness1 enfermedad1 f4 illustrated1 ilustrado1-a4 imitate1 to1 imitar1 remedar4 immediately1 inmediatamente1 en seguida1 al momento4 importance1 importancia1 f4 important1 importante1 m4 and f4 impossible1 imposible1 m4 and f4 in1 en1 dentro de4 inch1 pulgada1 f4 inclined1 to be1 inclinar4 increase1 to1 aumentar4 indeed1 de veras8 yes---- 1 ya lo creo6 si por cierto6 7section #ed 7b774 independence1 independencia1 f4 inform1 to1 hacer saber1 enterar4 inherit1 to1 heradar4 initiate1 to1 iniciar1 empezar4 injury1 lesin1 f4 ink1 tinta1 f4 inn1 venta1 f42 posada1 f4 insist1 to1 empearse4 instead of1 en lugar de4 instrument1 instrumento1 m4 insult1 to1 ofender4 intelligence1 inteligencia1 f4 interest1 to1 interesar4 interesting1 interesante1 m4 and f4 internal1 interior1 m4 and f4 interpreter1 intrprete1 m4 and f4 invasion1 invasin1 f42 irrupcin1 f4 invitation1 invitacin1 f4 invite1 to1 invitar4 it1 lo1 la1 ello4 7,omitted when used as subject47 ,italian1 italiano1-a4 ,j job1 tarea1 f4 journey1 viaje1 m4 joy1 gozo1 m42 alegra1 f4 judge1 juez1 m4 just1 justo1-a2 nada ms de or que1 exactamente 7section #bd74 ,k keep1 to1 guardar1 quedarse con1 seguir 7section #cd74 key1 llave1 f4 kind1 amable1 m4 and f4 king1 rey1 m4 kiss1 to1 besar4 kitchen1 cocina1 f4 knife1 cuchillo1 m4 know1 to1 saber1 conocer 7section #ad74 ,l lace1 encaje1 m4 lady1 seora1 f4 lamp1 lmpara1 f4 landlady1 patrona1 f4 language1 idioma1 m4 large1 grande1 m4 and f4 late1 tarde4 lately1 recientemente4 latter1 the1 ste1 sta4 last1 ltimo1-a2 pasado1-a 7section #hi72 ---- night1 anoche4 last1 to1 durar4 laugh1 to1 rer2 to---- at1 rerse de4 laughter1 risa1 f4 lay1 to1 poner4 lazy1 perezoso1-a4 learn1 to1 aprender4 learned1 sabio1-a4 least1 menor1 m4 and f42 at---- 1 a lo menos1 por lo menos4 leather1 cuero1 m4 leave1 to1 dejar1 partir1 salir 7section #cg74 left1 izquierdo1-a4 left1 to be1 quedar1 sobrar 7section #cg74 lemonade1 limonada1 f4 lend1 to1 prestar4 less1 menos4 lesson1 leccin1 f4 let1 to1 dejar 7section #ch74 letter1 carta1 f4 liberty1 libertad1 f4 library1 biblioteca1 f4 life1 vida1 f4 lift1 to1 alzar1 levantar4 light1 luz1 f4 like1 to1 querer1 gustar a 7section #fa74 like1 como1 cual 7section #fj74 lily1 lirio1 m4 lion1 len1 m4 listen1 to1 escuchar4 literature1 literatura1 f4 little1 pequeo1-a2 chico1-a2 poco1-a1 7section #bj74 live1 to1 vivir4 living1 vida1 f4 living-room1 sala1 f4 lock1 cerradura1 f4 ,london1 ,londres4 long1 largo1-a2 ---- time1 mucho tiempo 7section #ab74 look1 to1 mirar1 aparecer2 ---- for1 buscar 7section #ai74 lose1 to1 perder4 loss1 perdido1 m4 lot of1 a1 mucho1-a1-os1-as4 love1 to1 amar1 querer4 luxury1 lujo1 m4 ,m machine1 mquina1 f4 machinery1 maquinaria1 f4 mad1 rabioso1-a2 loco1-a4 maid1 criada1 f4 make1 to1 hacer 7section #ec74 man1 hombre1 m4 manage1 to1 lograr1 manejar4 many1 muchos1-as 7section #bj74 masked 7ball71 de mscaras4 master1 amo1 m42 dueo1 m4 material1 materia1 f4 matter1 asunto1 m4 matter1 to1 importar4 me1 me1 m 7with preposition74 mean1 to1 querer decir1 tener la intencin de 7section #fh74 means of1 by1 por medio de4 mediocre1 mediano1-a4 meet1 to1 encontrar1 dar con4 meeting1 reunin1 f4 member1 miembro1 m42 individuo1 m4 memory1 memoria1 f4 method1 mtodo1 m4 milk1 leche1 f4 millionaire1 millonario1-a4 mind of1 to put in1 recordar a1 hacer pensar en4 mine1 mo1-a4 mine1 mina1 f4 miner1 minero1 m4 minute1 minuto1 m4 mirror1 espejo1 m4 miss1 to1 echar de menos1 faltar1 notar la falta de 7section #ee74 mistake1 equivocacin1 f42 error1 m42 falta1 f4 mistake1 to make a1 equivocarse1 hacer un error4 mistaken1 to be1 equivocarse4 mole1 topo1 m4 moment1 momento1 m4 money1 dinero1 m4 month1 mes1 m4 moon1 luna1 f4 more1 ms2 ---- and---- 1 cada vez ms2 no---- 7longer71 ya no2 once ---- 1 otra vez4 morning1 maana1 f4 mother1 madre1 f4 much1 mucho1-a4 music1 msica1 f4 must1 haber de1 deber1 tener que 7section #ge74 my1 mi2 vaya6 7with exclamatory force74 myself1 me1 mismo1-a 7section #hh74 ,n name1 nombre1 m4 narrative1 narracin1 f4 narrow1 estrecho1-a4 national1 nacional1 m4 and f4 natural1 natural1 m4 and f4 nature1 naturaleza1 f4 near1 cerca de1 junto 7-a7 a4 necessary1 necesario1-a4 need1 to1 necesitar4 neighbor1 vecino1-a4 neither1 ni2 ni el 7la7 uno 7-a7 ni el 7la7 otro 7-a72 tampoco 7section #i74 nephew1 sobrino1 m4 never1 nunca1 jams4 nevertheless1 sin embargo4 new1 nuevo1-a4 newly1 recientemente1 recin 7before past participles74 news1 noticias1 f4 pl4 newspaper1 peridico1 m42 diario1 m4 next1 prximo1-a2 que viene4 night1 noche1 f42 at---- 1 de noche1 por la noche2 last---- 1 anoche4 nightfall1 anochecer1 m4 nightingale1 ruiseor1 m4 night-watchman1 sereno1 m4 no1 no4 nobody1 nadie4 noise1 ruido1 m4 noon1 medio da1 m4 north1 norte1 m4 not1 no2 ---- at all1 de ningn modo1 no hay de que 7section #df74 note1 to1 notar1 fijarse en4 nothing1 nada4 notice1 noticia1 f4 now1 ahora1 ya 7section #dj72 every---- and then1 de vez en cuando4 number1 nmero1 m4 nurse-maid1 niera1 f4 ,o obey1 to1 obeir4 oblige1 to1 obligar a4 obliged to1 to be1 agradecer a4 observe1 to1 observar4 obtain1 to1 obtener4 occupy1 to1 ocupar4 occur1 to1 ocurrir1 acaecer4 o'clock3 it is one---- 1 es la una2 it is two1 three1 four---- 1 son las dos1 las tres1 las cuatro4 of1 de4 offer1 oferto1 m4 offer1 to1 ofrecer4 office1 despacho1 m4 7place of business72 oficio1 m4 7occupation74 often1 a menudo1 muchas veces4 old1 viejo1-a2 antiguo1-a4 oldest1 mayor1 m4 and f4 on1 en1 sobre4 once1 una vez2 ---- and for all1 una vez y para siempre2 at--1 inmediatamente1 en seguida2 all at---- 1 de repente 7suddenly72 a la vez 7all together74 one1 un1 uno1-a4 only1 slo1 solamente1 nada ms que 7section #ga74 open1 to1 abrir4 open1 abierto1-a4 opinion1 opinin1 f42 concepto1 m4 opportunity1 oportunidad1 f4 or1 o4 orchard1 huerta1 f4 order1 to1 mandar4 order to1 in1 para1 para que1 a fin de que4 organ1 rgano1 m4 other1 otro1-a4 ought1 deber4 our1 nuestro1-a4 ourselves1 nos1 nosotros 7-as7 mismos 7-as74 out1 fuera4 7,it is best usually to look for this word in connection with the verb with which it is used1 in which it is very often included2 as1 sacar1 to take---- 2 salir1 to go---- 2 apagar1 to put--1 etc47 owe1 to1 deber4 own1 propio1-a4 owner1 dueo1-a4 ovation1 ovacin1 f4 over1 sobre2 all---- 1 acabado1-a 7finished72 por todas partes 7everywhere1 in all directions74 ,p pain1 dolor1 m42 little---- 1 dolorcillo4 paint1 to1 pintar4 painter1 pintor1 m4 pair1 par1 m4 pane1 vidriero1 m4 paper1 papel1 m42 news--1 peridico1 m42 diario1 m4 pardon1 to1 perdonar4 parents1 padres1 m4 park1 parque1 m4 party1 partido1 m42 compaa1 f4 pass1 to1 pasar 7section #aaj74 past1 pasado1-a4 patient1 paciente1 m4 and f4 7adj472 enfermo1-a4 patience1 paciencia1 f4 ,patros1 proper name1 f4 pay1 to1 pagar1 ser provechoso1-a 7section #aaa74 pay1 pago1 m42 sueldo1 m4 peace1 paz1 f4 pen1 pluma1 f4 pencil1 lpiz1 m4 penknife1 cortaplumas1 m4 perhaps1 tal vez1 acaso4 people1 gente1 f4 perceive1 to1 percibir1 ver4 permission1 permiso1 m4 person1 persona1 f4 piano1 piano1 m4 pick up1 to1 coger1 recoger4 picture1 cuadro1 m42 pintura1 f4 7painting72 retrato1 m42 fotografa1 f4 7photograph74 piece1 pedazo1 m4 pitcher1 jarra1 f4 7wide-mouthed72 jarro1 m4 7narrow-mouthed74 pity1 lstima1 f4 place1 lugar1 m42 sitio1 m42 to take--1 tener lugar1 verificarse4 plant1 planta1 f4 plate1 plato1 m4 platform1 andn1 m4 7railway station72 plataforma1 f4 play1 to1 jugar 7games72 tocar 7musical instruments72 representar 7dramas72 to---- a part1 hacer or desempear un papel4 play1 drama1 m4 please1 to1 agradar1 contentar1 querer 7section #fg74 pleasure1 gusto1 m42 placer1 m4 pocket1 bolsillo1 m4 poor1 pobre1 m4 and f4 portrait1 retrato1 m4 possess1 to1 poseer4 possession1 posesin1 f42 to take---- of1 apoderarse de4 possible1 posible1 m4 and f4 postcard1 tarjeta postal1 f4 postman1 cartero1 m4 post office1 correo1 m4 pound1 libra1 f4 power1 poder1 m4 practice1 prctica1 f4 practice1 to1 practicar4 preparation1 preparacin1 f42 preparativo1 m4 prepare1 to1 preparar4 presence1 presencia1 f4 present1 presente1 m4 and f42 for the---- 1 a presente1 al momento1 por lo pronto4 present at1 to be1 asistir a4 president1 presidente1 m4 pretty1 bonito1-a4 prevent1 to1 evitar4 price1 precio1 m4 prince1 prncipe1 m4 princess1 princesa1 f4 problem1 problema1 m4 procession1 procesin1 f4 profession1 profesin1 f4 professor1 profesor1-ra4 promise1 to1 prometer4 propagate1 to1 propagar4 property1 bienes1 m4 pl4 prove1 to1 probar2 to---- to be1 resultar ser4 provided that1 con tal que4 province1 provincia1 f4 prudence1 prudencia1 f4 public1 pblico1-a2 ---- letter writer1 memorialista1 m4 publish1 to1 publicar1 dar a luz4 pupil1 discpulo1-a2 alumno1-a4 pure1 puro1-a4 purse1 bolsa1 f4 put1 to1 poner 7section #aai74 ,q quarrel1 to1 reir4 quart1 cuarta1 f4 quarter1 cuarto1-a4 queen1 reina1 f4 question1 pregunta1 f4 7to be answered72 cuestin1 f4 7to be discussed72 to ask---- 1 hacer preguntas4 quick1 pronto1-a2 rpido1-a4 quickly1 prontamente1 rpidamente4 quiet1 quieto1-a2 quedo1-a4 ,r railroad1 ferrocarril1 m4 rain1 to1 llover4 rain1 lluvia1 f4 rainbow1 arco iris1 m4 raincoat1 impermeable1 m4 rarely1 raramente1 raras veces4 rate1 at any1 de todos modos4 rather1 algo1 un tanto1 un poco2 ---- than1 ms bien que4 read1 to1 leer4 ready1 listo1-a4 rebel1 rebelde1 m4 receive1 to1 recibir4 reckless1 descuidado1-a4 red1 rojo1-a4 regard to1 in1 respeto a4 relative1 pariente1 m4 and f4 remain1 to1 quedar4 remember1 to1 acordarse de4 remove1 to1 quitar1 apartar4 rent1 to1 alquilar4 repeat1 to1 repetir4 republic1 repblica1 f4 rest1 to1 descansar4 respectable1 respetable1 m4 and f4 rest1 descanso1 m4 return1 to1 volver 7to come back72 devolver 7to give back74 revolution1 revolucin1 f4 rich1 rico1-a4 rid of1 to get1 deshacerse de4 right1 derecho1-a2 justo1-a2 to be---- 1 tener razn1 ser justo 7section #gd74 ring1 to1 tocar1 sonar 7section #aaf74 ripe1 maduro1-a4 river1 ro1 m4 road1 camino1 m4 robber1 ladrn1 m4 roll1 rollo1 m4 room1 cuarto1 m42 sala1 f42 habitacin1 f42 to take up---- 1 ocupar lugar or espacio2 there is---- 1 hay lugar4 rose1 rosa1 f4 rule1 to1 gobernar4 rule1 regla1 f4 run1 to1 correr4 ,s sack1 saco1 m4 sacrifice1 to1 sacrificar4 sacrifice1 sacrificio1 m4 safe1 seguro1-a2 ---- and sound1 sano y salvo4 sailor1 marinero1 m4 saint1 santo1-a2 san 7before masculine nouns74 sake of1 for the1 por4 same1 mismo1-a4 satisfied1 satisfecho1-a4 satisfy1 to1 satisfacer4 save1 to1 ahorrar1 salvar 7section #ib74 say1 to1 decir4 scarcely1 apenas4 scarf1 velo1 m4 school1 escuela1 f4 scold1 to1 reprender1 reir4 see1 to1 ver1 comprender 7section #ic74 self1 se1 mismo1-a 7section #hh74 selfishness1 egoismo1 m4 sell1 to1 vender4 send1 to1 mandar1 enviar4 sense1 sentido1 m42 inteligencia1 f4 sentence1 sentencia1 f42 oracin1 m4 sergeant1 sargento1 m4 serious1 serio1-a4 servant1 criado1-a4 serve1 to1 servir4 set1 to1 poner4 sew1 to1 coser4 shade1 sombra1 f4 shadow1 sombra1 f4 shake hands1 to1 dar la mano a4 shall1 expressed by the endings of the future tense 7section #df74 share1 to1 compartir4 shine1 to1 brillar4 shock 7earthquake71 sacudida1 f4 shoe1 zapato1 m4 shop 7work71 taller1 m4 short1 corto1-a4 shot1 tiro1 m4 shoulder1 espalda1 f42 hombro1 m4 show1 to1 mostrar1 ensear1 dejar ver4 shut1 to1 cerrar4 sickness1 enfermedad1 f4 sign1 seal1 m4 silver1 plata1 f4 simple1 sencillo1-a4 simplicity1 sencillez1 f4 sin1 pecado1 m4 since1 desde1 desde que1 ya que1 puesto que 7section #i74 sing1 to1 cantar4 single1 solo1-a4 sir1 seor4 sit1 to1 sentarse 7section #hd74 situated1 situado1-a4 situation1 situacin1 f4 six1 seis4 sky1 cielo1 m4 slave1 esclavo1-a4 slavery1 esclavitud1 f4 sleep1 to1 dormir2 to go to---- 1 dormirse4 sleepy1 to be1 tener sueo4 slipper1 chinela1 f42 babucha1 f4 small1 pequeo1-a4 smell1 to1 oler2 ---- of1 oler a4 smile1 to1 sonrer4 smile1 sonrisa1 f4 snow1 to1 nevar4 snow1 nieve1 f4 so1 as1 tan1 conque 7section #cc74 soap1 jabn1 m4 sobriety1 sobriedad1 f4 social1 social1 m4 and f4 soldier1 soldado1 m4 some1 unos1-as4 7,often omitted in ,spanish when used in the partitive sense2 so1 ,i have---- money1 yo tengo dinero47 something1 algo4 son1 hijo1 m4 song1 cancin1 f4 soon1 pronto4 sorry1 to be1 sentir4 sour1 agrio1-a4 south1 sur1 m4 southern1 sud1 m4 and f41 del sur4 ,spain1 ,espaa1 f4 ,spanish1 espaol1-a4 spare1 to1 tener de sobra1 sobrar1 dar4 speak1 to1 hablar4 speaker1 el 7la7 que habla4 speed1 at full1 a todo escape1 a todo correr4 spend1 to1 gastar4 spill1 to1 derramar4 spiritual1 espiritual1 m4 and f4 spoil1 to1 mimar 7children74 spoon1 cuchara1 f4 spur1 espuela1 f4 square1 plaza1 f41 little---- 1 plazuela1 f4 stairs1 escalera1 f4 stand1 to1 estar en pie1 ponerse de pie1 estar parado1-a 7section #he74 start1 to1 ponerse en marcha1 marcharse1 poner en movimiento 7section #abc74 station1 estacin1 f4 stay1 to1 quedar4 stop1 to1 parar1 cesar1 dejar de4 story1 cuento1 m4 strength1 fuerza1 f4 strike1 to1 pegar1 declarse en huelga 7section #aba74 string1 cuerda1 f4 succeed1 to1 suceder1 tener xito1 lograr a 7section #gi74 suffer1 sufrir4 sum1 suma1 f4 sun1 sol1 m4 suspicion1 sospecho1 m4 ,t table1 mesa1 f4 tablecloth1 mantel1 m4 tailor1 sastre1 m4 take1 to1 tomar1 llevar1 coger 7section #ajg74 tale1 cuento1 m4 talent1 talento1 m4 talk1 to1 hablar4 tea1 t1 m4 teacher1 maestro1-a4 tear down1 to1 derribar4 telephone1 to1 telefonar4 telephone1 telfono1 m4 tell1 to1 decir1 contar1 producir efecto 7section #ij74 ,telmo1 proper name1 m4 ten1 diez4 tennis1 tenis1 m4 terrible1 terrible1 m4 and f4 that1 que 7rel4 pron4 and conj471 aquel1 aquella2 ese1 esa 7demons4 adj472 aqul1 aqulla2 eso 7demons4 pron474 the1 el1 la1 los1 las4 theater1 teatro1 m4 their1 su1 sus 7adj472 suyo1-a 7pron474 them1 los1 las1 les2 ellos1-as 7with prep474 then1 entonces4 there1 all1 all1 ah1 vaya6 7section #ba74 these1 estos1-as 7demons4 adj472 stos1-as 7demons4 pron474 thin1 delgado1-a4 thing1 cosa1 f4 think1 to1 pensar1 creer1 parecer 7section #eb74 thirsty1 to be1 tener sed4 thirteen1 trece4 this1 este1 esta 7adj472 ste1 sta 7pron474 those1 aquellos1-as2 esos1-as 7adj472 aqullos1-as2 sos1-as 7pron474 though1 aunque4 thought1 pensamiento1 m4 thousand1 mil1 m4 three1 tres4 through1 por4 throw1 to1 echar1 tirar4 ticket1 billete1 m4 time1 tiempo1 m42 vez1 f42 hora1 f4 7section #ei74 tire1 to1 cansar4 tired-out1 cansado 7-a7 a ms no poder4 to1 a4 to-day1 hoy4 together1 juntos1-as4 to-morrow1 maana4 tongue1 lengua1 f4 to-night1 esta noche4 too1 demasiado1 tambin4 torn1 roto1-a4 torrents1 to rain1 llover a cntaros4 touch1 to1 tocar4 touch1 tacto1 m4 toward1 hacia1 para con 7section #ha74 town1 pueblo1 m42 ciudad1 f4 toy1 juguete1 m4 train1 tren1 m4 tree1 rbol1 m4 tremendous1 tremendo1-a4 tribe1 caterva1 f4 trouble1 to1 molestar1 afligir4 trouble1 pesar1 m4 trunk1 bal1 m4 trust1 to1 confiar1 fiar4 truth1 verdad1 f4 try1 to1 tratar de1 procurar4 ,tuesday1 martes1 m4 turn1 to1 volver1 ponerse1 dar vuelta a 7section #aac74 twelve1 doce4 twenty1 veinte4 twenty-five1 veinticinco4 twice1 dos veces4 two1 dos4 type1 tipo1 m42 ---- writer1 mquina de escribir1 f4 tyrant1 tirano1-a4 ,u umbrella1 paraguas1 m4 unable1 to be1 no poder4 uncle1 to1 m4 understand1 to1 comprender1 entender4 uneasy1 inquieto1-a2 intranquilo1-a4 unjust1 injusto1-a4 unload1 to1 descargar4 until1 hasta 7prep472 hasta que 7conjunction74 untruth1 mentira1 f4 up1 arriba4 7,this word is in ,spanish very often untranslatable1 being included in the meaning of the verb with which it is used2 as1 to pick ---- 1 recoger2 to look---- 1 buscar2 to get---- 1 levantarse1 etc47 upside-down1 de arriba abajo4 us1 nos1 nosotros1-as 7with prep474 use1 to1 usar1 emplear1 servirse de4 use1 utilidad1 f4 used to1 to be1 soler1 acostumbrarse4 usual1 usual1 m4 and f42 acostumbrado1-a4 ,v vain1 vanidoso1-a2 in---- 1 en vano4 valise1 maleta1 f4 valor1 valor1 m4 vanity1 vanidad1 f4 vegetable1 legumbre1 f42 verdura1 f4 vehicle1 vehculo1 m4 velvet1 terciopelo1 m4 very1 muy 7section #fc74 victim1 vctima1 f4 village1 aldea1 f42 pueblo1 m4 violin1 violn1 m4 visit1 visita1 f4 visit1 to1 visitar4 voice1 voz1 f4 ,w wait1 to1 esperar4 wake1 to1 despertar2 to---- up1 despertarse4 walk1 paseo1 m4 walk1 to1 andar1 caminar4 want1 to1 querer1 necesitar 7section #ih74 war1 guerra1 f4 warm1 to be1 tener calor 7persons72 hacer calor 7weather74 wash1 to1 lavar4 water1 agua1 f4 water1 to1 regar4 way1 camino1 m42 modo1 m4 7section #dh74 we1 nosotros1-as4 weak1 dbil1 m4 and f4 wealth1 riqueza1 f42 opulencia1 f4 wear1 to1 llevar1 vestir1 tener puesto1-a4 weather1 tiempo1 m4 week1 semana1 f4 well1 bien1 pues 7section #cj74 well1 pozo1 m4 what1 qu8 lo que 7conj472 ---- a6 qu6 ---- a lot of6 qu de6 cuntos1-as6 wheat1 trigo1 m4 wheel1 rueda1 f4 where1 donde2 --8 dnde8 whether1 si4 while1 to be worth1 valer la pena4 whip1 ltigo1 m4 white1 blanco1-a4 who1 quin8 el 7la7 cual2 el 7la7 que2 que4 whole1 entero1-a2 toda1-a4 whose1 cuyo1-a2 de quien4 whose8 cyo1-a2 de quin4 why8 por qu8 why6 vaya6 toma6 7section #ef74 wide1 ancho1-a4 widow1 viuda1 f4 will1 expressed in the future tense endings or by querer 7section #de74 will1 voluntad1 f4 win1 to1 ganar4 wind1 viento1 m4 window1 ventana1 f4 wise1 sabio1-a4 wish1 to1 querer2 ,i---- ojal6 7when the wish is unrealizable at the moment74 witch1 bruja1 f4 with1 con4 without1 sin1 sin que 7section #fi74 woman1 mujer1 f4 wonder1 to1 extraarse1 admirarse1 preguntarse 7section #ajc74 wont to1 to be1 soler1 acostumbrarse4 word1 palabra1 f4 work1 to1 trabajar4 work1 trabajo1 m4 7labor72 obra1 f4 7accomplishment74 workman1 operario1 m4 worry1 to1 apurarse4 worst1 peor1 m4 and f4 worth1 to be1 valer4 worthless1 sin valor1 que no vale nada4 would1 expressed in conditional endings or by past tenses of querer 7section #de74 written1 escrito1-a4 ,y yellow1 amarillo1-a4 yesterday1 ayer4 yet1 todava 7temporal72 aun 7concessive74 yield1 to1 ceder4 you1 usted1 ustedes 7abbreviated1 ,vd41 ,vds41 ,ud41 ,uds472 le1 les1 7obj4 case74 young1 joven1 m1 and f42 ---- lady1 seorita1 f4 your1 su4 yours1 suyo1-a4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,work is a good companion for hope4 #b ,the day is for work1 that is why 7for that7 there is light4 #c ,each one is as ,god has created him4 #d ,since everything passes away1 let us enjoy everything while it lasts4 #e ,while one is young there is always hope of bettering one's fortune4 #f ,now you see that one mustn't trust in dreams4 #g ,one good thing is worth more than many mediocre ones4 #h ,look at the stars6 ,they tell sweet tales1 the stars1 and keep one company4 #i ,fruits are eaten4 ,one just smells the flowers4 #aj ,he who loves truth1 trusts in ,god4 #aa ,when one is unwilling1 two don't quarrel4 #ab ,god doesn't do things by halves4 #ac ,my wealth is simplicity2 my luxury1 sobriety2 my rest1 work4 #ad ,the man who is ashamed of being happy ought to walk on four feet4 #ae ,law is ,god--or ought to be4 #af ,to do good to the evil is to cast water into the sea4 #ag ,it is hard to save some one who does not want to be saved at all4 #ah ,i'm never afraid when ,i am doing my duty 7what ,i ought to do74 #ai ,the learned in their vanity are wont to forget ,god4 #bj ,the mole doesn't see into what depths he's going1 but a man does4 #ba ,good music is like a spur to lazy ideas4 #bb ,in matters of faith in order to see clearly one must be blind4 #bc ,valor must be in accord with prudence4 #bd ,when hands begin1 tongues usually cease4 #be ,fear makes slaves1 slavery makes rebels4 #bf ,saints are found where least expected4 #bg ,truth often comes out of falsehood4 #bh ,when duty speaks1 ,i listen only to its voice4 #bi ,he who is preparing for a struggle1 is not cast down by troubles4 #cj ,let them say what they will1 happiness is very cheap4 #ca ,he who lends to a friend loses money and friend4 #cb ,liberty can never be defended by tyrants1 nor propagated by slaves4 #cc ,when there is happiness everything is well done4 #cd ,what a gipsy can't do nobody on earth can do4 #ce ,not to believe in anything is to be crazy4 #cf ,there is nothing in the world that is not good for something4 #cg ,faith in a great idea is the life of the intelligence4 #ch ,it is better to fail through generosity than to succeed through selfishness4 #ci ,we don't need to be serious to be good4 #dj ,where honor is dead there is no longer hope of life4 #da ,great hearts are for great undertakings4 #db ,untruth is always cowardly4