,,! ,,gods  ,by ,rob]t ,g4 ,+]soll      
,give ,me ,! ,/orm ,& ,tempe/ ,( ,?\ght 
,& ,action1 ,r ,?an ,! ,dead ,calm ,(   
,ignorance ,& ,fai?4 ,bani% ,me ,f ,ed5 
,:5 ,y ,w2 ,b ,fir/ ,let ,me ,eat ,( ,! 
,fruit ,( ,! ,tree ,( ,k4  #ahgh4   ,,to
  ,,eva ,a4 ,,+]soll  ,,my ,,wife1  ,a  
,,woman ,,)\t ,,sup]/ition1 ,,?is       
,,volume  ,,is ,,d$icat$4     ,,! ,,gods
  ,,an ,,hone/ ,,god ,,is ,,! ,,noble/  
,,"w ,,( ,,man4  ,,ea* nation has creat$
 a god1 & ! god has always resembl$ 8   
creators4 ,he hat$ & lov$ :at !y hat$ & 
lov$1 & he 0 inv>iably f\nd on ! side ( 
^? 9 p[]4 ,ea* god 0 int5sely patriotic1
 & dete/$ all nations b 8 own4 ,all ^!  
gods dem&$ praise1 flatt]y1 wor%ip4 ,mo/
 ( !m 7 pleas$ ) sacrifice1 & ! smell ( 
innoc5t blood has ev] be5 consid]$ a    
div9e p]fume4 ,all ^! gods h insi/$ ^u  
hav+ a va/ numb] ( prie/s1 & ! prie/s h 
always insi/$ ^u be+ support$ by ! p1 & 
! pr9cipal bus9ess ( ^! prie/s has be5  
to boa/ ab\t _! god1 & to insi/ t he    
c\ld easily vanqui% all ! o!r gods put  

toge!r4  ,^! gods h be5 manufactur$ aft]
 numb]less models1 & accord+ to ! mo/   
grotesque fa%ions4 ,"s h a ?\s& arms1 "s
 a hundr$ heads1 "s are adorn$ )        
necklaces ( liv+ snakes1 "s are arm$ )  
clubs1 "s ) sword & %ield1 "s ) buckl]s1
 & "s h w+s z a *]ub2 "s 7 invisible1 "s
 w\ld %[ !mselves entire1 & "s w\ld only
 %[ _! backs2 "s 7 jeal\s1 "s 7 fooli%1 
"s turn$ !mselves into m51 "s into      
swans1 "s into bulls1 "s into doves1 &  
"s into ,holy ,gho/s1 & made love to !  
beautiful daught]s ( m54 ,"s 7          
m>ri$--all ought to h be5--& "s 7       
consid]$ z old ba*elors f all et]nity4  
,"s _h *ildr51 & ! *ildr5 7 turn$ into  
gods & wor%ip$ z _! fa!rs _h be54 ,mo/ (
 ^! gods 7 rev5geful1 savage1 lu/ful1 & 
ignorant4 ,z !y g5]ally dep5d$ ^u _!    
prie/s = in=mation1 _! ignorance c h>dly
 excite our a/oni%m5t4  ,^! gods did n  
ev5 "k ! %ape ( ! worlds !y _h creat$1 b
 suppos$ !m p]fectly flat ,"s ?\ght !   
day c\ld be l5g!n$ by /opp+ ! sun1 t !  
bl[+ ( horns c\ld ?r[ d[n ! walls ( a   

city1 & all knew s little ( ! real      
nature ( ! p !y _h creat$1 t !y comm&$ !
 p to love !m4 ,"s 7 s ignorant z to    
suppose t man c\ld believe j z he might 
desire1 or z !y might comm&1 & t to be  
gov]n$ by obs]vation1 reason1 & exp]i5ce
 0 a mo/ f\l & damn+ s94 ,none ( ^! gods
 c\ld give a true acc\nt ( ! creation ( 
?is little e>?4 ,all 7 w(ully defici5t 9
 geology & a/ronomy4 ,z a rule1 !y 7 mo/
 mis]able legislators1 & z executives1  
!y 7 f> inf]ior to ! av]age ( ,am]ican  
presid5ts4  ,^! deities h dem&$ ! mo/   
abject & degrad+ ob$i5ce4 ,9 ord] to    
please !m1 man mu/ lay 8 v face 9 ! du/4
 ,( c\rse1 !y h always be5 p>tial to ! p
 :o creat$ !m1 & h g5]ally %[n _!       
p>tiality by assi/+ ^? p to rob & de/roy
 o!rs1 & to ravi% _! wives & daught]s4  
,no?+ is s pleas+ to ^! gods z ! but*]y 
( unbeliev]s4 ,no?+ s enrages !m1 ev5   
n[1 z to h "s "o d5y _! exi/5ce4  ,few  
nations h be5 s poor z to h b "o god4   
,gods 7 made s easily1 & ! raw mat]ial  
co/ s little1 t g5]ally ! god m>ket 0   

fairly glutt$1 & heav5 cramm$ ) ^!      
phantoms4 ,^! gods n only att5d$ to !   
skies1 b 7 suppos$ to int]f]e 9 all !   
affairs ( m54 ,!y presid$ ov] ev]ybody &
 ev]y?+4 ,!y att5d$ to e dep>tm5t4 ,all 
0 suppos$ to be "u _! imm$iate control4 
,no?+ 0 too small--no?+ too l>ge2 !     
fall+ ( sp>r[s & ! motions ( ! planets 7
 alike att5d$ to by ^! indu/ri\s &      
obs]v+ deities4 ,f _! />ry ?rones !y    
frequ5tly came to ! e>? = ! purpose (   
imp>t+ in=mation to man4 ,x is relat$ ( 
"o t he came amid ?und]+s & lightn+s 9  
ord] to tell ! p t !y %\ld n cook a kid 
9 its "m's milk4 ,"s left _! %9+ abodes 
to tell wom5 t !y %\ld1 or %\ld n1 h    
*ildr51 to in=m a prie/ h[ to cut & we> 
8 apron1 & to give directions z to !    
prop] mann] ( clean+ ! inte/9es ( a     
bird4  ,:5 ! p fail$ to wor%ip "o ( ^!  
gods1 or fail$ to fe$ & clo! 8 prie/s1  
7:i* 0 mu* ! same ?+17 he g5]ally visit$
 !m ) pe/il5ce & fam9e4 ,sometimes he   
all[$ "s o!r nation to drag !m into     
slav]y--to sell _! wives & *ildr52 b    

g5]ally he glutt$ 8 v5geance by murd]+  
_! fir/-born4 ,! prie/s always did _!   
:ole duty1 n only 9 pr$ict+ ^!          
calamities1 b 9 prov+1 :5 !y did happ51 
t !y 7 br\ght ^u ! p because !y _h n    
giv5 q en\gh to !m4  ,^! gods diff]$ j z
 ! nations diff]$2 ! greate/ & mo/      
p[]ful _h ! mo/ p[]ful gods1 :ile !     
weak] ones 7 oblig$ to cont5t !mselves )
 ! v (f-sc\r+s ( ! heav5s4 ,ea* ( ^!    
gods promis$ happ9ess "h & h]eaft] to   
all 8 slaves1 & ?reat5$ to et]nally     
puni% all :o ei!r disbeliev$ 9 8 exi/5ce
 or suspect$ t "s o!r god might be 8    
sup]ior2 b to d5y ! exi/5ce ( all gods  
01 & is1 ! crime ( crimes4 ,r$d5 y\r h&s
 ) human blood2 bla/ by sl&] ! fair fame
 ( ! innoc5t2 /rangle ! smil+ *ild ^u   
its "m's knees2 deceive1 ru9 & des]t !  
beautiful girl :o loves & tru/s y1 & y\r
 case is n hopeless4 ,= all ?is1 & = all
 ^! y may be =giv54 ,= all ?is1 & = all 
^!1 t bankrupt c\rt e/abli%$ by !       
gospel1 w give y a dis*>ge2 b d5y !     
exi/5ce ( ^! div9e gho/s1 ( ^! gods1 & !

 sweet & te>ful face ( ,m]cy becomes    
livid ) et]nal hate4 ,heav5's gold5     
gates are %ut1 & y1 ) an inf9ite curse  
r++ 9 y\r e>s1 ) ! br& ( infamy ^u y\r  
br[1 comm5ce y\r endless w&]+s 9 ! lurid
 gloom ( hell--an immortal vagrant--an  
et]nal outca/--a dea?less convict4  ,"o 
( ^! gods1 & "o :o dem&s our love1 our  
admiration & our wor%ip1 & "o :o is     
wor%ip$1 if m]e he>tless c]emony is     
wor%ip1 gave to 8 *os5 p = _! guidance1 
! foll[+ laws ( w>3 ,:5 ?\ come/ nigh   
unto a city to fight aga9/ x1 !n        
proclaim peace unto x4 ,& x %all be if x
 make !e answ]1 ( peace1 & op5 unto !e1 
!n x %all be t all ! p t is f\nd !re9   
%all be tribut>ies unto !e1 & !y %all   
s]ve !e4 ,& if x w make no peace ) !e1 b
 w make w> aga9/ !e1 !n ?\ %alt besiege 
x4  ,& :5 ! ,"l ?y ,god ha? deliv]$ x   
into ?y h&s1 ?\ %alt smite e male !re( )
 ! edge ( ! sword4 ,b ! wom5 & ! little 
ones1 & ! cattle1 & all t is 9 ! city1  
ev5 all ! spoil !re(1 %alt ?\ take unto 
?yself1 & ?\ %alt eat ! spoil ( ?9e     

enemies :i* ! ,"l ?y ,god ha? giv5 !e4  
,?us %alt ?\ d unto all ! cities :i* are
 v f> (f f !e1 :i* are n ( ! cities ( ^!
 nations4 ,b ( ! cities ( ^! p :i* ! ,"l
 ?y ,god do? give !e = an inh]itance1 ?\
 %alt save alive no?+ t brea!?8  ,is x  
possible = man to conceive ( any?+ m    
p]fectly infam\s8 ,c y believe t su*    
directions 7 giv5 by any be+ except an  
inf9ite fi5d8 ,rememb] t ! army receiv+ 
^! in/ructions 0 "o ( invasion4 ,peace 0
 (f]$ ^u condition t ! p submitt+ %\ld  
be ! slaves ( ! invad]2 b if any %\ld h 
! c\rage to def5d _! homes1 to fight = !
 love ( wife & *ild1 !n ! sword 0 to    
sp>e none--n ev5 ! prattl+1 dimpl$ babe4
  ,& we are call$ ^u to wor%ip su* a    
god2 to get ^u our knees & tell him t he
 is good1 t he is m]ciful1 t he is j1 t 
he is love4 ,we are ask$ to /ifle e     
noble s5tim5t ( ! s\l1 & to trample "u  
foot all ! sweet *>ities ( ! he>t       
,because we refuse to /ultify           
ourselves--refuse to become li>s--we are
 d5\nc$1 hat$1 traduc$ & o/raciz$ "h1 & 

?is same god ?reat5s to torm5t u 9      
et]nal fire ! mom5t dea? all[s him to   
fi]cely clut* our nak$ helpless s\ls4   
,let ! p hate1 let ! god ?reat5--we w   
educate !m1 & we w despise & defy him4  
,! book1 call$ ! bible1 is fill$ )      
passages equally horrible1 unju/ &      
atroci\s4 ,?is is ! book to be read 9   
s*ools 9 ord] to make our *ildr5 lov+1  
k9d & g5tle6 ,?is is ! book to be       
recogniz$ 9 our ,con/itution z ! s\rce (
 all au?ority & ju/ice6  ,/range6 t no  
"o has ev] be5 p]secut$ by ! *ur* =     
believ+ ,god bad1 :ile hundr$s (        
millions h be5 de/roy$ = ?9k+ him good4 
,! or?odox *ur* nev] w =give !          
,univ]sali/ = say+ ,god is love4 ,x has 
always be5 consid]$ z "o ( ! v highe/   
evid5ces ( true & undef9$ religion to   
insi/ t all m51 wom5 & *ildr5 des]ve    
et]nal damnation4 ,x has always be5     
h]esy to say1 ,god w at la/ save all4   
,we are ask$ to ju/ify ^! frightful     
passages1 ^! infam\s laws ( w>1 because 
! bible is ! ^w ( ,god4 ,z a matt] (    

fact1 !re nev] 01 & !re nev] c be1 an   
argum5t1 ev5 t5d+ to prove ! inspiration
 ( any book :atev]4 ,9 ! abs5ce (       
positive evid5ce1 analogy & exp]i5ce1   
argum5t is simply impossible1 & at ! v  
be/1 c am\nt only to a useless agitation
 ( ! air4 ,! in/ant we admit t a book is
 too sacr$ to be d\bt$1 or ev5 reason$  
ab\t1 we are m5tal s]fs4 ,x is inf9itely
 absurd to suppose t a god w\ld address 
a communication to intellig5t be+s1 &   
yet make x a crime1 to be puni%$ 9      
et]nal flames1 = !m to use _!           
intellig5ce = ! purpose ( und]/&+ 8     
communication4 ,if we h ! "r to use our 
reason1 we c]ta9ly h ! "r to act 9      
accordance ) x1 & no god c h ! "r to    
puni% u = su* action4  ,! doctr9e t     
future happ9ess dep5ds ^u belief is     
mon/r\s4 ,x is ! infamy ( infamies4 ,!  
notion t fai? 9 ,*ri/ is to be rew>d$ by
 an et]nity ( bliss1 :ile a dep5d5ce ^u 
reason1 obs]vation1 & exp]i5ce m]its    
ev]la/+ pa91 is too absurd = refutation1
 & c be reliev$ only by t unhappy       

mixture ( insanity & ignorance1 call$   
fai?4 ,:at man1 :o ev] ?9ks1 c believe t
 blood c appease ,god8 ,& yet1 our      
entire sy/em ( religion is bas$ ^u t    
belief4 ,! ,jews pacifi$ ,jehovah ) !   
blood ( animals1 & accord+ to ! ,*ri/ian
 sy/em1 ! blood ( ,jesus s(t5$ ! he>t ( 
,god a little1 & r5d]$ possible !       
salvation ( a =tunate few4 ,x is h>d to 
conceive h[ ! human m9d c give ass5t to 
su* t]rible ideas1 or h[ any sane man c 
read ! bible & /ill believe 9 ! doctr9e 
( inspiration4  ,:e!r ! bible is true or
 false1 is ( no consequ5ce 9 comp>ison )
 ! m5tal fre$om ( ! race4  ,salvation   
?r\gh slav]y is wor?less4 ,salvation f  
slav]y is ine/imable4  ,z long z man    
believes ! bible to be infallible1 t    
book is 8 ma/]4 ,! civilization ( ?is   
c5tury is n ! *ild ( fai?1 b (          
unbelief--! result ( free ?\ght4  ,all t
 is necess>y1 z x seems to me1 to       
conv9ce any reasonable p]son t ! bible  
is simply & purely ( human inv5tion--(  
b>b>ian inv5tion--is to read x4 ,read x 

z y w\ld any o!r book2 ?9k ( x z y w\ld 
( any o!r2 get ! b&age ( rev]5ce f y\r  
eyes2 drive f y\r he>t ! phantom ( fe>2 
pu% f ! ?rone ( y\r bra9 ! c[l$ =m (    
sup]/ition--!n read ! holy bible1 & y w 
be amaz$ t y ev]1 = "o mom5t1 suppos$ a 
be+ ( inf9ite wisdom1 goodness & purity1
 to be ! au?or ( su* ignorance & ( su*  
atrocity4  ,our ance/ors n only _h _!   
god-factories1 b !y made devils z well4 
,^! devils 7 g5]ally disgrac$ & fall5   
gods4 ,"s _h head$ unsuccessful revolts2
 "s _h be5 caught sweetly recl9+ 9 !    
%ad[y folds ( "s fleecy cl\d1 kiss+ !   
wife ( ! god ( gods4 ,^! devils g5]ally 
sympa?iz$ ) man4 ,!re is 9 reg>d to !m a
 mo/ wond]ful fact3 ,9 ne>ly all !      
!ologies1 my?ologies & religions1 !     
devils h be5 mu* m humane & m]ciful ?an 
! gods4 ,no devil ev] gave "o ( 8 g5]als
 an ord] to kill *ildr5 & to rip op5 !  
bodies ( pregnant wom54 ,su* b>b>ities 7
 always ord]$ by ! good gods4 ,!        
pe/il5ces 7 s5t by ! mo/ m]ciful gods4  
,! frightful fam9e1 dur+ :i* ! dy+ *ild 

) pallid lips suck$ ! )]$ bosom ( a dead
 "m1 0 s5t by ! lov+ gods4 ,no devil 0  
ev] *>g$ ) su* fi5di% brutality4  ,"o ( 
^! gods1 accord+ to ! acc\nt1 dr[n$ an  
entire _w1 ) ! exception ( eight p]sons4
 ,! old1 ! "y1 ! beautiful & ! helpless 
7 remorsely dev\r$ by ! %oreless sea4   
,?is1 ! mo/ fe>ful trag$y t ! imag9ation
 ( ignorant prie/s ev] conceiv$1 0 !    
act1 n ( a devil1 b ( a god1 s-call$1   
:om m5 ignorantly wor%ip unto ?is day4  
,:at a /a9 su* an act w\ld leave ^u ! "*
 ( a devil6 ,"o ( ! prophets ( "o ( ^!  
gods1 hav+ 9 8 p[] a captur$ k+1 hew$   
him 9 pieces 9 ! sight ( all ! p4 ,0 ev]
 any imp ( any devil guilty ( su*       
savag]y8  ,"o ( ^! gods is report$ to h 
giv5 ! foll[+ directions conc]n+ human  
slav]y3 ,if ?\ buy a ,hebrew s]vant1 six
 ye>s %all he s]ve1 & 9 ! sev5? he %all 
g out free = no?+4 ,if he came 9 by     
himself1 he %all g out by himself2 if he
 7 m>ri$1 !n 8 wife %all g out ) him4   
,if 8 ma/] h giv5 him a wife1 & %e h    
borne him sons or daught]s1 ! wife & h] 

*ildr5 %all be h] ma/]'s1 & he %all g   
out by himself4 ,& if ! s]vant %all     
pla9ly say1 ,i love my ma/]1 my wife &  
my *ildr52 ,i w n g out free4 ,!n 8 ma/]
 %all br+ him unto ! judges2 he %all    
also br+ him unto ! door1 or unto !     
door-po/2 & 8 ma/] %all bore 8 e> ?r\gh 
) an awl2 & he %all s]ve him =ev]4      
,accord+ to ?is1 a man 0 giv5 lib]ty ^u 
condition t he w\ld des]t =ev] 8 wife & 
*ildr54 ,did any devil ev] =ce ^u a     
husb&1 ^u a fa!r1 s cruel & s he>tless  
an alt]native8 ,:o c wor%ip su* a god8  
,:o c b5d ! knee to su* a mon/]8 ,:o c  
pray to su* a fi5d8  ,all ^! gods       
?reat5$ to torm5t =ev] ! s\ls ( _!      
enemies4 ,did any devil ev] make s      
infam\s a ?reat8 ,! base/ ?+ record$ ( !
 devil1 is :at he did conc]n+ ,job & 8  
family1 & t 0 done by ! express         
p]mission ( "o ( ^! gods1 & to decide a 
little diff]5ce ( op9ion betwe5 _! s]5e 
highnesses z to ! "* ( my s]vant ,job4  
,! fir/ acc\nt we h ( ! devil is f\nd 9 
t purely sci5tific book call$ ,g5esis1 &

 is z foll[s3 ,n[ ! s]p5t 0 m subtile   
?an any bea/ ( ! field :i* ! ,"l ,god _h
 made1 & he said unto ! woman1 ,yea1 ha?
 ,god said1 ,ye %all n eat ( ! fruit ( !
 trees ( ! g>d58 ,& ! woman said unto ! 
s]p5t1 ,we may eat ( ! fruit ( ! trees (
 ! g>d52 b ( ! fruit ( ! tree :i* is 9 !
 mid/ ( ! g>d5 ,god ha? said1 ,ye %all n
 eat ( x1 nei!r %all ye t\* x1 le/ ye   
die4 ,& ! s]p5t said unto ! woman1 ,ye  
%all n surely die4 ,= ,god do? "k t 9 ! 
day ye eat !re(1 !n y\r eyes %all be    
op5$ & ye %all be z gods1 kn[+ good &   
evil4 ,& :5 ! woman saw t ! tree 0 good 
= food1 & t x 0 pleasant to ! eyes1 & a 
tree to be desir$ to make "o wise1 %e   
took ( ! fruit !re( & did eat1 & gave   
also unto h] husb& ) h]1 & he did eat4  
99 99 ,& ! ,"l ,god said1 ,behold ! man 
is become z "o ( u1 to "k good & evil2 &
 n[1 le/ he put =? 8 h&1 & take also ( !
 tree ( life & eat1 & live =ev]4 ,!re=e 
! ,"l ,god s5t him =? f ! g>d5 ( ,ed5 to
 till ! gr\nd f :i* he 0 tak54 ,s he    
drove out ! man1 & he plac$ at ! ea/ ( !

 g>d5 ( ,ed5 *]ubim & a flam+ sword1 :i*
 turn$ e way to keep ! way ( ! tree (   
life4  ,accord+ to ?is acc\nt ! promise 
( ! devil 0 fulfill$ to ! v lett]4 ,adam
 & ,eve did n die1 & !y did become z    
gods1 kn[+ good & evil4  ,! acc\nt %[s1 
h[ev]1 t ! gods dread$ education & k !n 
j z !y d n[4 ,! *ur* /ill fai?fully     
gu>ds ! dang]\s tree ( k1 & has ex]t$ 9 
all ages h] utmo/ p[] to keep mank9d f  
eat+ ! fruit !re(4 ,! prie/s h nev]     
ceas$ repeat+ ! old falsehood & ! old   
?reat3 ,ye %all n eat ( x1 nei!r %all ye
 t\* x1 le/ ye die4 ,f e pulpit comes ! 
same cry1 born ( ! same fe>3 ,le/ !y eat
 & become z gods1 kn[+ good & evil4 ,=  
?is reason1 religion hates sci5ce1 fai? 
dete/s reason1 !ology is ! sworn enemy (
 philosophy1 & ! *ur* ) its flam+ sword 
/ill gu>ds ! hat$ tree1 & l its suppos$ 
f\nd]1 curses to ! l[e/ dep?s ! brave   
?9k]s :o eat & become z gods4  ,if !    
acc\nt giv5 9 ,g5esis is really true1   
ought we n1 aft] all1 to ?ank ?is s]p5t8
 ,he 0 ! fir/ s*oolma/]1 ! fir/ advocate

 ( le>n+1 ! fir/ enemy ( ignorance1 !   
fir/ to :isp] 9 human e>s ! sacr$ ^w    
lib]ty1 ! creator ( ambition1 ! au?or ( 
mode/y1 ( inquiry1 ( d\bt1 (            
inve/igation1 ( progress & (            
civilization4  ,give me ! /orm & tempe/ 
( ?\ght & action1 r ?an ! dead calm (   
ignorance & fai?6 ,bani% me f ,ed5 :5 y 
w2 b fir/ let me eat ( ! fruit ( ! tree 
( k6  ,"s nations h borr[$ _! gods2 (   
?is numb]1 we are compell$ to say1 is   
our own4 ,! ,jews hav+ ceas$ to exi/ z a
 nation1 & hav+ no fur!r use = a god1   
our ance/ors appropriat$ him & adopt$ _!
 devil at ! same "t4 ,?is borr[$ god is 
/ill an object ( "s adoration1 & ?is    
adopt$ devil /ill excites ! appreh5sions
 ( our p4 ,he is /ill suppos$ to be     
sett+ 8 traps & sn>es = ! purpose (     
cat*+ our unw>y s\ls1 & is /ill1 )      
reasonable success1 wag+ ! old w> aga9/ 
our god4  ,to me1 x seems easy to acc\nt
 = ^! ideas conc]n+ gods & devils4 ,!y  
are a p]fectly natural production4 ,man 
has creat$ !m all1 & "u ! same          

circum/ances w\ld create !m aga94 ,man  
has n only creat$ all ^! gods1 b he has 
creat$ !m out ( ! mat]ials by :i* he has
 be5 surr\nd$4 ,g5]ally he has model$ !m
 aft] himself1 & has giv5 !m h&s1 heads1
 feet1 eyes1 e>s1 & organs ( spee*4 ,ea*
 nation1 made its gods & devils speak   
its language n only1 b put 9 _! m\?s !  
same mi/akes 9 hi/ory1 geography1       
a/ronomy1 & 9 all matt]s ( fact1 g5]ally
 made by ! p4 ,no god 0 ev] 9 advance ( 
! nation t creat$ him4 ,! negroes       
repres5t$ _! deities ) black sk9s &     
curly hair4 ,! ,mongolian gave to 8 a   
yell[ complexion & d>k almond-%ap$ eyes4
 ,! ,jews 7 n all[$ to pa9t !irs1 or we 
%\ld h se5 ,jehovah ) a full be>d1 an   
oval face1 & an aquil9e nose4 ,zeus 0 a 
p]fect ,greek1 & ,jove look$ z ?\gh a   
memb] ( ! ,roman s5ate4 ,! gods ( ,egypt
 _h ! pati5t face & placid look ( ! lov+
 p :o made !m4 ,! gods ( nor!rn c\ntries
 7 repres5t$ w>mly clad 9 robes ( fur2  
^? ( ! tropics 7 nak$4 ,! gods ( ,india 
7 (t5 m\nt$ ^u elephants2 ^? ( "s isl&]s

 7 great swimm]s1 & ! deities ( !       
,arctic zone 7 passionately fond (      
:ale's blubb]4 ,ne>ly all p h c>v$ or   
pa9t$ repres5tations ( _! gods1 & ^!    
repres5tations 71 by ! l[] classes1     
g5]ally treat$ z ! real gods1 & to ^!   
images & idols !y address$ pray]s & (f]$
 sacrifice4  ,9 "s c\ntries1 ev5 at ?is 
day1 if ! p aft] long pray+ d n obta9 _!
 desires1 !y turn _! images (f z impot5t
 gods1 or upbraid !m 9 a mo/ reproa*ful 
mann]1 load+ !m ) bl[s & curses4 ',h[   
n[1 dog ( a _s1' !y say1 'we give y     
lodg+ 9 a magnific5t temple1 we gild y )
 gold1 fe$ y ) ! *oice/ food1 & (f]     
inc5se to y2 yet1 aft] all ?is c>e1 y   
are s ungrateful z to refuse u :at we   
ask4'  ,h]eupon !y w pull ! god d[n &   
drag him ?r\gh ! fil? ( ! /reet4 ,if1 9 
! meantime1 x happ5s t !y obta9 _!      
reque/1 !n1 ) a great deal ( c]emony1 !y
 wa% him clean1 c>ry him back & place   
him 9 8 temple aga91 :]e !y fall d[n &  
make excuses = :at !y h done4 ',( a     
tru?1' !y say1 'we 7 a little too ha/y1 

& y 7 a little too long 9 y\r grant4 ,:y
 %\ld y br+ ?is beat+ on y\rself4 ,b :at
 is done _c be undone4 ,let u n ?9k ( x 
any m4 ,if y w =get :at is pa/1 we w    
gild y ov] bright] aga9 ?an be=e4'  ,man
 has nev] be5 at a loss = gods4 ,he has 
wor%ip$ almo/ ev]y?+1 includ+ ! vile/ & 
mo/ disgu/+ bea/s4 ,he has wor%ip$ fire1
 e>?1 air1 wat]1 light1 />s1 & = hundr$s
 ( ages pro/rat$ himself be=e enorm\s   
snakes4 ,savage tribes (t5 make gods (  
articles !y get f civiliz$ p4 ,! ,to-das
 wor%ip a c[-bell4 ,! ,kotas wor%ip two 
silv] plates1 :i* !y reg>d z husb& &    
wife1 & ano!r tribe manufactur$ a god   
out ( a k+ ( he>ts4  ,man1 hav+ always  
be5 ! physical sup]ior ( woman1 acc\nts 
= ! fact t mo/ ( ! high gods h be5      
males4 ,_h woman be5 ! physical sup]ior1
 ! p[]s suppos$ to be ! rul]s ( ,nature 
w\ld h be5 wom51 & in/ead ( be+         
repres5t$ 9 ! app>el ( man1 !y w\ld h   
luxuriat$ 9 tra9s1 l[-neck$ dresses1    
laces & back-hair4  ,no?+ c be pla9] ?an
 t ea* nation gives to its god its      

peculi> *>act]i/ics1 & t e individual   
gives to 8 god 8 p]sonal peculi>ities4  
,man has no ideas1 & c h none1 except ^?
 sugge/$ by 8 surr\nd+s4 ,he _c conceive
 ( any?+ utt]ly unlike :at he has se5 or
 felt4 ,he c exagg]ate1 dim9i%1 comb9e1 
sep>ate1 de=m1 beautify1 improve1       
multiply & comp>e :at he sees1 :at he   
feels1 :at he he>s1 & all ( :i* he takes
 cognizance ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! s5ses2 b  
he _c create4 ,hav+ se5 exhibitions (   
p[]1 he c say1 omnipot5t4 ,hav+ liv$1 he
 c say1 immortality4 ,kn[+ some?+ ( "t1 
he c say1 et]nity4 ,conceiv+ some?+ (   
intellig5ce1 he c say1 ,god ,hav+ se5   
exhibitions ( malice1 he c say1 devil4  
,a few gleams ( happ9ess hav+ fall5     
a?w>t ! gloom ( 8 life1 he c say1 heav54
 ,pa91 9 its numb]less =ms1 hav+ be5    
exp]i5c$1 he c say1 hell4 ,yet all ^!   
ideas h a f\ndation 9 fact1 & only a    
f\ndation4 ,! sup]/ructure has be5 re>$ 
by exagg]at+1 dim9i%+1 comb9+1 sep>at+1 
de=m+1 beautify+1 improv+ or multiply+  
realities1 s t ! edifice or fabric is b 

! incongru\s gr\p+ ( :at man has p]ceiv$
 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! s5ses4 ,x is z ?\gh  
we %\ld give to a lion ! w+s ( an eagle1
 ! ho(s ( a bison1 ! tail ( a horse1 !  
p\* ( a kang>oo1 & ! trunk ( an         
elephant4 ,we h 9 imag9ation creat$ an  
impossible mon/]4 ,& yet ! v>i\s p>ts ( 
?is mon/] really exi/4 ,s x is ) all !  
gods t man has made4  ,beyond nature man
 _c g ev5 9 ?\ght--above nature he _c   
rise--bel[ nature he _c fall4  ,man1 9 8
 ignorance1 suppos$ t all ph5om5a 7     
produc$ by "s intellig5t p[]s1 & )      
direct ref]5ce to him4 ,to pres]ve      
fri5dly relations ) ^! p[]s 01 & /ill   
is1 ! object ( all religions4 ,man knelt
 ?r\gh fe> & to implore assi/ance1 or   
?r\gh gratitude = "s favor :i* he       
suppos$ _h be5 r5d]$4 ,he endeavor$ by  
supplication to appease "s be+ :o1 = "s 
reason1 _h1 z he believ$1 become enrag$4
 ,! lightn+ & ?und] t]rifi$ him4 ,9 !   
pres5ce ( ! volcano he sank ^u 8 knees4 
,! great =e/s fill$ ) wild & f]oci\s    
bea/s1 ! mon/r\s s]p5ts crawl+ 9 my/]i\s

 dep?s1 ! b\ndless sea1 ! flam+ comets1 
! s9i/] eclipses1 ! awful calmness ( !  
/>s1 &1 m ?an all1 ! p]petual pres5ce ( 
dea?1 conv9c$ him t he 0 ! sport & prey 
( unse5 & malignant p[]s4 ,! /range &   
frightful diseases to :i* he 0 subject1 
! freez+s & burn+s ( fev]1 ! contortions
 ( epilepsy1 ! sudd5 palsies1 ! d>kness 
( night1 & ! wild1 t]rible & fanta/ic   
dreams t fill$ 8 bra91 satisfi$ him t he
 0 haunt$ & pursu$ by c\ntless spirits (
 evil4 ,= "s reason he suppos$ t ^!     
spirits diff]$ 9 p[]--t !y 7 n all alike
 malevol5t--t ! high] controll$ ! l[]1 &
 t 8 v exi/5ce dep5d$ ^u ga9+ !         
assi/ance ( ! m p[]ful4 ,= ?is purpose  
he resort$ to pray]1 to flatt]y1 to     
wor%ip & to sacrifice4  ,^! ideas appe> 
to h be5 almo/ univ]sal 9 savage man4   
,= ages all nations suppos$ t ! sick &  
insane 7 possess$ by evil spirits4 ,=   
?\s&s ( ye>s ! practice ( m$ic9e consi/$
 9 fright5+ ^! spirits away4 ,usually ! 
prie/s w\ld make ! l\de/ & mo/          
discordant noises possible4 ,!y w\ld bl[

 horns1 beat ^u rude drums1 cla%        
cymbals1 & 9 ! meantime utt] ! mo/      
une>?ly yells4 ,if ! noise-rem$y fail$1 
!y w\ld implore ! aid ( "s m p[]ful _s4 
,to pacify ^! spirits 0 consid]$ (      
inf9ite importance4 ,! poor b>b>ian1    
kn[+ t m5 c\ld be s(t5$ by gifts1 gave  
to ^! spirits t :i* to him seem$ ( ! mo/
 value4 ,) bur/+ he>t he w\ld (f] !     
blood ( 8 de>e/ *ild4 ,x 0 impossible = 
him to conceive ( a god utt]ly unlike   
himself1 & he naturally suppos$ t ^!    
p[]s ( ! air w\ld be affect$ a little at
 ! sight ( s great & s deep a sorr[4 ,x 
0 ) ! b>b>ian !n z ) ! civiliz$ n[--"o  
class liv$ ^u & made m]*&ise ( ! fe>s ( 
ano!r4 ,c]ta9 p]sons took x ^u !mselves 
to appease ! gods1 & to in/ruct ! p 9 _!
 duties to ^! unse5 p[]s4 ,?is 0 ! orig9
 ( ! prie/hood4 ,! prie/ pret5d$ to /&  
betwe5 ! wra? ( ! gods & ! helplessness 
( man4 ,he 0 man's attorney at ! c\rt ( 
heav54 ,he c>ri$ to ! invisible _w a    
flag ( truce1 a prote/ & a reque/4 ,he  
came back ) a comm&1 ) au?ority & ) p[]4

 ,man fell ^u 8 knees be=e 8 own s]vant1
 & ! prie/1 tak+ advantage ( ! awe      
inspir$ by 8 suppos$ influ5ce ) ! gods1 
made ( 8 fell[-man a cr++ hypocrite &   
slave4 ,ev5 ,*ri/1 ! suppos$ son ( ,god1
 taught t p]sons 7 possess$ ( evil      
spirits1 & frequ5tly1 accord+ to !      
acc\nt1 gave pro( ( 8 div9e orig9 &     
mission by fright5+ droves ( devils out 
( 8 un=tunate c\ntrym54 ,ca/+ out devils
 0 8 pr9cipal employm5t1 & ! devils ?us 
bani%$ g5]ally took occasion to         
ackn[l$ge him z ! true ,messiah2 :i* 0 n
 only v k9d ( !m1 b q =tunate = him4 ,! 
religi\s p h always reg>d$ ! te/imony ( 
^! devils z p]fectly conclusive1 & !    
writ]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t quote ! words (
 ^! imps ( d>kness ) great satisfaction4
  ,! fact t ,*ri/ c\ld )/& ! temptations
 ( ! devil 0 consid]$ z conclusive      
evid5ce t he 0 assi/$ by "s god1 or at  
lea/ by "s be+ sup]ior to man4 ,/4      
,mat!w gives an acc\nt ( an attempt made
 by ! devil to tempt ! suppos$ son (    
,god2 & x has always excit$ ! wond] (   

,*ri/ians t ! temptation 0 s nobly &    
h]oically )/ood4 ,! acc\nt to :i* ,i    
ref] is z foll[s3  ,!n 0 ,jesus l$ up ( 
! _s into ! wild]ness to be tempt$ ( !  
devil4 ,& :5 ! tempt] came to him1 he   
said3 ',if ?\ be ! son ( ,god1 comm& t  
^! /ones be made bread4' ,b he answ]$1 &
 said3 ',x is writt53 man %all n live by
 bread alone1 b by e ^w t proce$e? out (
 ! m\? ( ,god4' ,!n ! devil take? him up
 into ! holy city & sette? him ^u a     
p9nacle ( ! temple & sai? unto him3 ',if
 ?\ be ! son ( ,god1 ca/ ?yself d[n1 = x
 is writt51 ,he %all give 8 angels *>ge 
conc]n+ !e1 le/ at any "t ?\ %alt da% ?y
 foot aga9/ a /one4' ,jesus said unto   
him3 ',x is writt5 aga91 ?\ %alt n tempt
 ! ,"l ?y ,god4' ,aga9 ! devil take? him
 up into an exce$+ high m\nta9 & %ewe?  
him all ! k+doms ( ! _w & ! glory ( !m1 
& sai? unto him3 ',all ^! w ,i give !e  
if ?\ wilt fall d[n & wor%ip me4'  ,!   
,*ri/ians n[ claim t ,jesus 0 ,god4 ,if 
he 0 ,god1 ( c\rse ! devil knew t fact1 
& yet1 accord+ to ?is acc\nt1 ! devil   

took ! omnipot5t ,god & plac$ him ^u a  
p9nacle ( ! temple1 & endeavor$ to      
induce him to da% himself aga9/ ! e>?4  
,fail+ 9 t1 he took ! creator1 own] &   
gov]nor ( ! univ]se up into an exce$+   
high m\nta91 & (f]$ him ?is _w--?is gra9
 ( s&--if he1 ! ,god ( all ! worlds1    
w\ld fall d[n & wor%ip him1 a poor      
devil1 )\t ev5 a tax title to "o foot ( 
dirt6 ,is x possible ! devil 0 su* an   
idiot8 ,%\ld any great cr$it be giv5 to 
?is deity = n be+ caught ) su* *aff8    
,?9k ( x6 ,! devil--! pr9ce ( %>p]s--!  
k+ ( cunn+--! ma/] ( f9esse1 try+ to    
bribe ,god ) a gra9 ( s& t belong$ to   
,god6  ,is !re 9 all ! religi\s         
lit]ature ( ! _w any?+ m grossly absurd 
?an ?is8  ,^! devils1 accord+ to !      
bible1 7 ( v>i\s k9ds--"s c\ld speak &  
he>1 o!rs 7 deaf & dumb4 ,all c\ld n be 
ca/ out 9 ! same way4 ,! deaf & dumb    
spirits 7 q difficult to deal )4 ,/4    
,m>k tells ( a g5tleman :o br\ght 8 son 
to ,*ri/ ,! boy1 x seems1 0 possess$ ( a
 dumb _s1 ov] :i* ! disciples _h no     

control4 ,jesus said unto ! _s3 ',?\    
dumb & deaf _s1 ,i *>ge !e come out (   
him1 & ent] no m into him4' ,:]eupon1 ! 
deaf _s 7hav+ he>d :at 0 said7 cri$ out 
7be+ dumb7 & imm$iately vacat$ !        
premises4 ,! ease ) :i* ,*ri/ controll$ 
?is deaf & dumb _s excit$ ! wond] ( 8   
disciples1 & !y ask$ him privately :y !y
 c\ld n ca/ t _s out4 ,to :om he repli$3
 ,?is k9d c come =? by no?+ b pray] &   
fa/+4 ,is !re a ,*ri/ian 9 ! :ole _w :o 
w\ld believe su* a /ory if f\nd 9 any   
o!r book8 ,! tr\ble is1 ^! pi\s p %ut up
 _! reason1 & !n op5 _! bible4  ,9 !    
old5 times ! exi/5ce ( devils 0         
univ]sally admitt$4 ,! p _h no d\bt ^u t
 subject1 & f su* belief x foll[$ z a   
matt] ( c\rse1 t a p]son1 9 ord] to     
vanqui% ^! devils1 _h ei!r to be a god1 
or to be assi/$ by "o4 ,all f\nd]s (    
religions h e/abli%$ _! claims to div9e 
orig9 by controll+ evil spirits &       
susp5d+ ! laws ( nature4 ,ca/+ out      
devils 0 a c]tificate ( div9ity4 ,a     
prophet1 unable to cope ) ! p[]s (      

d>kness 0 reg>d$ ) contempt ,! utt]ance 
( ! highe/ & noble/ s5tim5ts1 ! mo/     
blameless & holy life1 comm&$ b little  
respect1 unless accompani$ by p[] to "w 
miracles & comm& spirits4  ,?is belief 9
 good & evil p[]s _h its orig9 9 ! fact 
t man 0 surr\nd$ by :at he 0 pleas$ to  
call good & evil ph5om5a4 ,ph5om5a      
affect+ man pleasantly 7 ascrib$ to good
 spirits1 :ile ^? affect+ him           
unpleasantly or injuri\sly1 7 ascrib$ to
 evil spirits4 ,x be+ admitt$ t all     
ph5om5a 7 produc$ by spirits1 ! spirits 
7 divid$ accord+ to ! ph5om5a1 & !      
ph5om5a 7 good or bad z !y affect$ man4 
,good spirits 7 suppos$ to be ! au?ors (
 good ph5om5a1 & evil spirits ( !       
evil--s t ! idea ( a devil has be5 z    
univ]sal z ! idea ( a god4  ,_m writ]s  
ma9ta9 t an idea to become univ]sal mu/ 
be true2 t all univ]sal ideas are       
innate1 & t innate ideas _c be false4   
,if ! fact t an idea has be5 univ]sal   
proves t x is innate1 & if ! fact t an  
idea is innate proves t x is correct1 !n

 ! believ]s 9 innate ideas mu/ admit t !
 evid5ce ( a god sup]ior to nature1 & ( 
a devil sup]ior to nature1 is exactly ! 
same1 & t ! exi/5ce ( su* a devil mu/ be
 z self-evid5t z ! exi/5ce ( su* a god4 
,! tru? is1 a god 0 inf]r$ f good2 & a  
devil f bad1 ph5om5a4 ,& x is j z       
natural & logical to suppose t a devil  
w\ld cause happ9ess z to suppose t a god
 w\ld produce mis]y4 ,consequ5tly1 if an
 intellig5ce1 inf9ite & supreme1 is !   
imm$iate au?or ( all ph5om5a1 x is      
difficult to det]m9e :e!r su*           
intellig5ce is ! fri5d or enemy ( man4  
,if ph5om5a 7 all good1 we might say !y 
7 all produc$ by a p]fectly b5efic5t    
be+4 ,if !y 7 all bad1 we might say !y 7
 produc$ by a p]fectly malevol5t p[]2 b1
 z ph5om5a are1 z !y affect man1 bo?    
good & bad1 !y mu/ be produc$ by diff]5t
 & antagoni/ic spirits2 by "o :o is     
sometimes actuat$ by k9dness1 &         
sometimes by malice2 or all mu/ be      
produc$ ( necessity1 & )\t ref]5ce to _!
 consequ5ces ^u man4  ,! fooli% doctr9e 

t all ph5om5a c be trac$ to ! int]f]5ce 
( good & evil spirits1 has be51 & /ill  
is1 almo/ univ]sal4 ,t mo/ p /ill       
believe 9 "s _s t c *ange ! natural ord]
 ( ev5ts1 is prov5 by ! fact t ne>ly all
 resort to pray]4 ,?\s&s1 at ?is v      
mom5t1 are probably implor+ "s suppos$  
p[] to int]f]e 9 _! behalf4 ,"s want    
heal? re/or$2 "s ask t ! lov$ & abs5t be
 wat*$ ov] & protect$1 "s pray = ri*es1 
"s = ra91 "s want diseases /ay$1 "s     
va9ly ask = food1 "s ask = revivals1 a  
few ask = m wisdom1 & n[ & !n "o tells !
 ,"l to d z he may ?9k be/4 ,?\s&s ask  
to be protect$ f ! devil2 "s1 l ,david1 
pray = rev5ge1 & "s implore1 ev5 ,god1 n
 to lead !m into temptation4 ,all ^!    
pray]s re/ ^u1 & are produc$ by1 ! idea 
t "s p[] n only c1 b probably w1 *ange !
 ord] ( ! univ]se4 ,?is belief has be5  
among ! great majority ( tribes &       
nations4 ,all sacr$ books are fill$ ) ! 
acc\nts ( su* int]f]5ces1 & our own     
bible is no exception to ?is rule4  ,if 
we believe 9 a p[] sup]ior to nature1 x 

is p]fectly natural to suppose t su* p[]
 c & w int]f]e 9 ! affairs ( ?is _w4 ,if
 !re is no int]f]5ce1 ( :at practical   
use c su* p[] be8 ,! scriptures give u !
 mo/ wond]ful acc\nts ( div9e int]f]5ce3
 ,animals talk l m52 spr+s gurgle f dry 
bones2 ! sun & moon /op 9 ! heav5s 9    
ord] t ,g5]al ,jo%ua may h m "t to      
murd]2 ! %ad[ on a dial goes back t5    
degrees to conv9ce a petty k+ ( a b>b>\s
 p t he is n go+ to die ( a boil2 fire  
refuses to burn2 wat] positively decl9es
 to seek its level1 b /&s up l a wall2  
gra9s ( s& become lice2 common          
walk+-/icks1 to gratify a m]e freak1    
twi/ !mselves into s]p5ts1 & !n swall[  
ea* o!r by way ( ex]cise2 murmur+       
/reams1 laugh+ at ! attraction (        
gravitation1 run up hill = ye>s1 foll[+ 
w&]+ tribes f a pure love ( frolic2     
prophecy becomes altoge!r easi] ?an     
hi/ory2 ! sons ( ,god become enamor$ ( !
 _w's girls2 wom5 are *ang$ into salt = 
! purpose ( keep+ a great ev5t fre% 9 ! 
m9ds ( m52 an excell5t article (        

brim/one is import$ f heav5 free ( duty2
 clo!s refuse to we> out = =ty ye>s2    
birds keep re/aurants & fe$ w&]+        
prophets free ( exp5se2 be>s te> *ildr5 
9 pieces = laugh+ at old m5 )\t wigs2   
muscul> developm5t dep5ds ^u ! l5g? (   
"o's hair2 dead p come to life1 simply  
to get a joke on _! enemies & heirs2    
wit*es & wiz>ds conv]se freely ) ! s\ls 
( ! dep>t$1 & ,god himself becomes a    
/one-cutt] & engrav]1 aft] hav+ be5 a   
tailor & dressmak]4  ,! veil betwe5     
heav5 & e>? 0 always r5t or lift$4 ,!   
%ad[s ( ?is _w1 ! radiance ( heav51 & ! 
gl>e ( hell mix$ & m+l$ until man became
 unc]ta9 z to :i* c\ntry he really      
inhabit$4 ,man dwelt 9 an unreal _w4 ,he
 mi/ook 8 ideas1 8 dreams1 = real ?+s4  
,8 fe>s became t]rible & malici\s       
mon/]s4 ,he liv$ 9 ! mid/ ( furies &    
fairies1 nymphs & naiads1 gobl9s &      
gho/s1 wit*es & wiz>ds1 sprites &       
spooks1 deities & devils4 ,! obscure &  
gloomy dep?s 7 fill$ ) claw & w+--) beak
 & ho(--) le]+ looks & sne]+ m\?s--) !  

malice ( de=mity--) ! cunn+ ( hatr$1 & )
 all ! slimy =ms t fe> c draw & pa9t ^u 
! %ad[y canvas ( ! d>k4  ,x is en\gh to 
make "o almo/ insane ) pity to ?9k :at  
man 9 ! long night has suff]$2 ( !      
tortures he has endur$1 surr\nd$1 z he  
suppos$1 by malignant p[]s & clut*$ by !
 fi]ce phantoms ( ! air4 ,no wond] t he 
fell ^u 8 trembl+ knees--t he built     
alt>s & r$d5$ !m ev5 ) 8 own blood4 ,no 
wond] t he implor$ ignorant prie/s &    
impud5t magicians = aid4 ,no wond] t he 
crawl$ grovel+ 9 ! du/ to ! temple's    
door1 & !re1 9 ! insanity ( despair1    
bes\ght ! deaf gods to he> 8 bitt] cry (
 agony & fe>4  ,! savage1 z he em]ges f 
a /ate ( b>b>ism1 gradually loses fai? 9
 8 idols ( wood & /one1 & 9 _! place    
puts a multitude ( spirits4 ,z he       
advances 9 k1 he g5]ally disc>ds ! petty
 spirits1 & 9 _! /ead believes 9 "o1 :om
 he supposes to be inf9ite & supreme4   
,suppos+ ?is great _s to be sup]ior to  
nature1 he (f]s wor%ip or flatt]y 9     
ex*ange = assi/ance4 ,at la/1 f9d+ t he 

obta9s no aid f ?is suppos$ deity--f9d+ 
t e se>* aft] ! absolute mu/ ( necessity
 end 9 failure--f9d+ t man _c by any    
possibility conceive ( !                
conditionless--he beg9s to inve/igate ! 
facts by :i* he is surr\nd$1 & to dep5d 
^u himself ,! p are beg9n+ to ?9k1 to   
reason & to inve/igate4 ,sl[ly1         
pa9fully1 b surely1 ! gods are be+ driv5
 f ! e>?4 ,only ^u r>e occasions are !y1
 ev5 by ! mo/ religi\s1 suppos$ to      
int]f]e 9 ! affairs ( m54 ,9 mo/ matt]s 
we are at la/ suppos$ to be free4 ,s9ce 
! inv5tion ( /eam%ips & railways1 s t ! 
products ( all c\ntries c be easily     
int]*ang$1 ! gods h quit ! bus9ess (    
produc+ fam9e4 ,n[ & !n !y kill a *ild  
because x is idoliz$ by its p>5ts4 ,z a 
rule !y h giv5 up caus+ accid5ts on     
railroads1 explod+ boil]s1 & bur/+      
k]os5e lamps4 ,*ol]a1 yell[ fev]1 &     
small-pox are /ill consid]$ heav5ly     
weapons2 b measles1 it* & ague are n[   
attribut$ to natural causes4 ,z a g5]al 
?+1 ! gods h /opp$ dr[n+ *ildr51 except 

z a puni%m5t = violat+ ! ,sabba?4 ,!y   
/ill pay "s att5tion to ! affairs ( k+s1
 m5 ( g5ius & p]sons ( great weal?2 b   
ord9>y p are left to %irk = !mselves z  
be/ !y may4 ,9 w>s betwe5 great nations1
 ! gods /ill int]f]e2 b 9 prize fights1 
! be/ man ) an hone/ ref]ee1 is almo/   
sure to w94  ,! *ur* _c ab&on ! idea (  
special provid5ce4 ,to give up t doctr9e
 is to give up all4 ,! *ur* mu/ insi/ t 
pray] is answ]$--t "s p[] sup]ior to    
nature he>s & grants ! reque/ ( ! s9c]e 
& humble ,*ri/ian1 & t ?is same p[] 9 "s
 my/]i\s way provides = all4  ,a dev\t  
cl]gyman s\ght e opportunity to impress 
^u ! m9d ( 8 son ! fact1 t ,god takes   
c>e ( all 8 creatures2 t ! fall+ sp>r[  
attracts 8 att5tion1 & t 8 lov+ k9dness 
is ov] all 8 works4 ,happ5+1 "o day1 to 
see a crane wad+ 9 que/ ( food1 ! good  
man po9t$ out to 8 son ! p]fect         
adaptation ( ! crane to get 8 liv+ 9 t  
mann]4 ,see1 said he1 h[ 8 legs are =m$ 
= wad+6 ,:at a long sl5d] bill he has6  
,obs]ve h[ nicely he folds 8 feet :5    

putt+ !m 9 or draw+ !m out ( ! wat]6 ,he
 does n cause ! slighte/ ripple4 ,he is 
?us enabl$ to approa* ! fi% )\t giv+ !m 
any notice ( 8 arrival4 ,my son1 said   
he1 x is impossible to look at t bird   
)\t recogniz+ ! design1 z well z !      
goodness ( ,god1 9 ?us provid+ ! means (
 subsi/5ce4 ,yes1 repli$ ! boy1 ,i ?9k  
,i see ! goodness ( ,god1 at lea/ s f> z
 ! crane is conc]n$2 b aft] all1 fa!r1  
don't y ?9k ! arrangem5t a little t\gh  
on ! fi%8  ,ev5 ! advanc$ religioni/1   
al?\gh disbeliev+ 9 any great am\nt (   
int]f]5ce by ! gods 9 ?is age ( ! _w1   
/ill ?9ks1 t 9 ! beg9n+1 "s god made !  
laws gov]n+ ! univ]se4 ,he believes t 9 
consequ5ce ( ^! laws a man c lift a     
great] weight )1 ?an )\t1 a lev]2 t ?is 
god s made matt]1 & s e/abli%$ ! ord] ( 
?+s1 t two bodies _c occupy ! same space
 at ! same "t2 s t a body once put 9    
motion w keep mov+ until x is /opp$2 s t
 x is a great] di/ance ar\nd1 ?an across
 a circle2 s t a p]fect squ>e has f\r   
equal sides1 in/ead ( five or sev54 ,he 

insi/s t x took a direct int]position ( 
provid5ce to make ! :ole great] ?an a   
"p1 & t _h x n be5 = ?is p[] sup]ior to 
nature1 twice "o might h be5 m ?an twice
 two1 & /icks & /r+s might h _h only "o 
end apiece4 ,l ! old ,scot* div9e1 he   
?anks ,god t ,sunday comes at ! end     
in/ead ( 9 ! middle ( ! week1 & t dea?  
comes at ! close in/ead ( at !          
comm5cem5t ( life1 !reby giv+ u "t to   
prep>e = t holy day & t mo/ solemn ev5t 
,^! religi\s p see no?+ b design        
ev]y:]e1 & p]sonal1 intellig5t int]f]5ce
 9 ev]y?+4 ,!y insi/ t ! univ]se has be5
 creat$1 & t ! adaptation ( means to    
ends is p]fectly app>5t4 ,!y po9t u to !
 sun%9e1 to ! fl[]s1 to ! ,april ra91 & 
to all !re is ( beauty & ( use 9 ! _w4  
,did x ev] occur to !m t a canc] is z   
beautiful 9 its developm5t z is ! r$de/ 
rose8 ,t :at !y are pleas$ to call !    
adaptation ( means to ends1 is z app>5t 
9 ! canc] z 9 ! ,april ra98 ,h[         
beautiful ! process ( dige/ion6 ,by :at 
+5i\s me?ods ! blood is poison$ s t !   

canc] %all h food6 ,by :at wond]ful     
contrivances ! entire sy/em ( man is    
made to pay tribute to ?is div9e & *>m+ 
canc]6 ,see by :at admirable            
in/rum5talities x fe$s itself f !       
surr\nd+ quiv]+1 da9ty fle%6 ,see h[ x  
gradually b surely exp&s & gr[s6 ,by :at
 m>vel\s me*anism x is suppli$ ) long & 
sl5d] roots t rea* out to ! mo/ secret  
n]ves ( pa9 = su/5ance & life6 ,:at     
beautiful colors x pres5ts6 ,se5 ?r\gh !
 microscope x is a miracle ( ord] &     
beauty4 ,all ! +5uity ( man _c /op its  
gr[?4 ,?9k ( ! am\nt ( ?\ght x mu/ h    
requir$ to inv5t a way by :i* ! life (  
"o man might be giv5 to produce "o      
canc]8 ,is x possible to look ^u x &    
d\bt t !re is design 9 ! univ]se1 & t ! 
inv5tor ( ?is wond]ful canc] mu/ be     
inf9itely p[]ful1 +5i\s & good8  ,we are
 told t ! univ]se 0 design$ & creat$1 & 
t x is absurd to suppose t matt] has    
exi/$ f et]nity1 b t x is p]fectly      
self-evid5t t a god has4  ,if a god     
creat$ ! univ]se1 !n1 !re mu/ h be5 a "t

 :5 he comm5c$ to create4 ,back ( t "t  
!re mu/ h be5 an et]nity1 dur+ :i* !re  
_h exi/$ no?+--absolutely no?+--except  
?is suppos$ god4 ,accord+ to ?is !ory1  
?is god sp5t an et]nity1 s to speak1 9  
an inf9ite vacuum1 & 9 p]fect idl5ess4  
,admitt+ t a god did create ! univ]se1 !
 "q !n arises1 ( :at did he create x8 ,x
 c]ta9ly 0 n made ( no?+4 ,no?+1        
consid]$ 9 ! light ( a raw mat]ial1 is a
 mo/ decid$ failure4 ,x foll[s1 !n1 t ! 
god mu/ h made ! univ]se out ( himself1 
he be+ ! only exi/5ce4 ,! univ]se is    
mat]ial1 & if x 0 made ( god1 ! god mu/ 
h be5 mat]ial4 ,) ?is v ?\ght 9 8 m9d1  
,anaxim&] ( ,miletus said3 ,creation is 
! decomposition ( ! inf9ite4  ,x has be5
 demon/rat$ t ! e>? w\ld fall to ! sun1 
only = ! fact1 t x is attract$ by o!r   
worlds1 & ^? worlds mu/ be attract$ by  
o!r worlds /ill beyond !m1 & s on1 )\t  
end4 ,?is proves ! mat]ial univ]se to be
 inf9ite4 ,if an inf9ite univ]se has be5
 made out ( an inf9ite god1 h[ mu* ( !  
god is left8  ,! idea ( a creative deity

 is gradually be+ ab&on$1 & ne>ly all   
truly sci5tific m9ds admit t matt] mu/ h
 exi/$ f et]nity4 ,x is inde/ructible1 &
 ! inde/ructible _c be creat$4 ,x is !  
cr[n+ glory ( our c5tury to h demon/rat$
 ! inde/ructibility & ! et]nal p]si/5ce 
( =ce4 ,nei!r matt] nor =ce c be        
increas$ nor dim9i%$4 ,=ce _c exi/ ap>t 
f matt]4 ,matt] exi/s only 9 connection 
) =ce1 & consequ5tly1 a =ce ap>t f      
matt]1 & sup]ior to nature1 is a        
demon/rat$ impossibility4  ,=ce1 !n1 mu/
 h also exi/$ f et]nity1 & c\ld n h be5 
creat$4 ,matt] 9 its c\ntless =ms1 f    
dead e>? to ! eyes ( ^? we love1 & =ce1 
9 all its manife/ations1 f simple motion
 to ! gr&e/ ?\ght1 d5y creation & defy  
control4  ,?\ght is a =m ( =ce4 ,we walk
 ) ! same =ce ) :i* we ?9k4 ,man is an  
organism1 t *anges sev]al =ms ( =ce into
 ?\ght-=ce4 ,man is a ma*9e into :i* we 
put :at we call food1 & produce :at we  
call ?\ght4 ,?9k ( t wond]ful *emi/ry by
 :i* bread 0 *ang$ into ! div9e trag$y (
 ,hamlet6  ,a god mu/ n only be mat]ial1

 b he mu/ be an organism1 capable (     
*ang+ o!r =ms ( =ce into ?\ght-=ce4 ,?is
 is :at we call eat+4 ,!re=e1 if ! god  
?9ks1 he mu/ eat1 t is to say1 he mu/ ( 
necessity h "s means ( supply+ ! =ce )  
:i* to ?9k4 ,x is impossible to conceive
 ( a be+ :o c et]nally imp>t =ce to     
matt]1 & yet h no means ( supply+ ! =ce 
?us imp>t$4  ,if nei!r matt] nor =ce 7  
creat$1 :at evid5ce h we1 !n1 ( !       
exi/5ce ( a p[] sup]ior to nature8 ,!   
!ologian w probably reply1 ,we h law &  
ord]1 cause & effect1 & beside all ?is1 
matt] c\ld n h put itself 9 motion4     
,suppose1 = ! sake ( ! argum5t1 t !re is
 no be+ sup]ior to nature1 & t matt] &  
=ce h exi/$ f et]nity4 ,n[ suppose t two
 atoms %\ld come toge!r1 w\ld !re be an 
effect8 ,yes4 ,suppose !y came 9 exactly
 opposite directions ) equal =ce1 !y    
w\ld be /opp$1 to say ! lea/4 ,?is w\ld 
be an effect4 ,if ?is is s1 !n y h      
matt]1 =ce & effect )\t a be+ sup]ior to
 nature4 ,n[ suppose t two o!r atoms1 j 
l ! fir/ two1 %\ld come toge!r "u       

precisely ! same circum/ances1 w\ld n ! 
effect be exactly ! same8 ,yes4 ,l      
causes1 produc+ l effects1 is :at we    
mean by law & ord]4 ,!n we h matt]1 =ce1
 effect1 law & ord] )\t a be+ sup]ior to
 nature4 ,n[1 we "k t e effect mu/ also 
be a cause1 & t e cause mu/ be an       
effect4 ,! atoms com+ toge!r did produce
 an effect1 & z e effect mu/ also be a  
cause1 ! effect produc$ by ! collision (
 ! atoms1 mu/ z to some?+ else h be5 a  
cause4 ,!n we h matt]1 =ce1 law1 ord]1  
cause & effect )\t a be+ sup]ior        
to-nature4 ,no?+ is left = ! sup]natural
 b empty space4 ,8 ?rone is a void1 & 8 
boa/$ realm is )\t matt]1 )\t =ce )\t   
law1 )\t cause1 & )\t effect4  ,b :at   
put all ?is matt] 9 motion8 ,if matt] & 
=ce h exi/$ f et]nity1 !n matt] mu/ h   
always be5 9 motion4 ,!re c be no =ce   
)\t motion4 ,=ce is =ev] active1 & !re  
is1 & !re c be no cessation4 ,if1 !re=e1
 matt] & =ce h exi/$ f et]nity1 s has   
motion4 ,9 ! :ole univ]se !re is n ev5  
"o atom 9 a /ate ( re/4  ,a deity       

outside ( nature exi/s 9 no?+1 & is     
no?+4 ,nature embraces ) inf9ite arms   
all matt] & all =ce4 ,t :i* is beyond h]
 grasp is de/itute ( bo?1 & c h>dly be  
wor? ! wor%ip & adoration ev5 ( a man4  
,!re is b "o way to demon/rate ! exi/5ce
 ( a p[] indep5d5t ( & sup]ior to       
nature1 & t is by break+1 if only = "o  
mom5t1 ! cont9uity ( cause & effect     
,pluck f ! endless *a9 ( exi/5ce "o     
little l9k2 /op = "o in/ant ! gr&       
procession1 & y h %[n beyond all        
contradiction t nature has a ma/]4      
,*ange ! fact1 j = "o second1 t matt]   
attracts matt]1 & a god appe>s4  ,!     
rude/ savage has always kn[n ?is fact1 &
 = t reason always dem&$ ! evid5ce (    
miracle4 ,! f\nd] ( a religion mu/ be   
able to turn wat] into w9e--cure ) a ^w 
! bl9d & lame1 & raise ) a simple t\* ! 
dead to life4 ,x 0 necess>y = him to    
demon/rate to ! satisfaction ( 8 b>b>ian
 disciple1 t he 0 sup]ior to nature4 ,9 
times ( ignorance ?is 0 easy to d4 ,!   
cr$ulity ( ! savage 0 almo/ b\ndless4   

,to him ! m>vel\s 0 ! beautiful1 !      
my/]i\s 0 ! sublime4 ,consequ5tly1 e    
religion has = its f\ndation a          
miracle--t is to say1 a violation (     
nature--t is to say1 a falsehood4  ,no  
"o1 9 ! _w's :ole hi/ory1 ev] attempt$  
to sub/antiate a tru? by a miracle4     
,tru? scorns ! assi/ance ( miracle4     
,no?+ b falsehood ev] atte/$ itself by  
signs & wond]s4 ,no miracle ev] 0 p]=m$1
 & no sane man ev] ?\ght he _h p]=m$ "o1
 & until "o is p]=m$1 !re c be no       
evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( any p[] sup]ior   
to1 & indep5d5t ( nature4  ,! *ur* wi%es
 u to believe4 ,let ! *ur*1 or "o ( its 
intellectual sa9ts1 p]=m a miracle1 & we
 w believe4 ,we are told t nature has a 
sup]ior1 ,let ?is sup]ior1 =  "o s+le   
in/ant1 control nature1 & we w admit !  
tru? ( y\r ass]tions4  ,we h he>d talk  
en\gh4 ,we h li/5$ to all ! dr[sy1      
idealess1 vapid s]mons t we wi% to he>4 
,we h read y\r bible & ! works ( y\r be/
 m9ds4 ,we h he>d y\r pray]s1 y\r solemn
 groans & y\r rev]5tial am5s4 ,all ^!   

am\nt to less ?an no?+4 ,we want "o     
fact4 ,we beg at ! doors ( y\r *ur*es = 
j "o little fact ,we pass our hats along
 y\r pews & "u y\r pulpits & implore y =
 j "o fact ,we "k all ab\t y\r m\ldy    
wond]s & y\r /ale miracles4 ,we want a  
?is ye>'s fact ,we ask only "o4 ,give u 
"o fact = *>ity4 ,y\r miracles are too  
anci5t ,! witnesses h be5 dead = ne>ly  
two ?\s& ye>s4 ,_! reputation = tru? &  
v]acity 9 ! neighborhood :]e !y resid$  
is :olly unkn[n to u4 ,give u a new     
miracle1 & sub/antiate x by witnesses :o
 /ill h ! *e]ful habit ( liv+ 9 ?is _w4 
,d n s5d u to ,j]i*o to he> ! w9d+      
horns1 nor put u 9 ! fire ) ,%adra*1    
,me%e*1 & ,ab$nego4 ,d n compel u to    
navigate ! sea ) ,capta9 ,jonah1 nor d9e
 ) ,mr4 ,ezekiel4 ,!re is no sort ( use 
9 s5d+ u fox-hunt+ ) ,samson4 ,we h     
positively lo/ all int]e/ 9 t little    
spee* s eloqu5tly deliv]$ by ,balaam's  
inspir$ donkey4 ,x is worse ?an useless 
to %[ u fi%es ) money 9 _! m\?s1 & call 
our att5tion to va/ multitudes /uff+    

!mselves ) five crack]s & two s>d9es4   
,we dem& a new miracle1 & we dem& x n[4 
,let ! *ur* furni% at lea/ "o1 or =ev]  
aft] hold h] peace4  ,9 ! old5 "t1 !    
*ur*1 by violat+ ! ord] ( nature1 prov$ 
! exi/5ce ( h] ,god4 ,at t "t miracles 7
 p]=m$ ) ! mo/ a/oni%+ ease4 ,!y became 
s common t ! *ur* ord]$ h] prie/s to    
desi/4 ,& n[ ?is same *ur*--! p hav+    
f\nd "s little s5se--admits1 n only1 t  
%e _c p]=m a miracle1 b insi/s t !      
abs5ce ( miracle--! /eady1 unbrok5 m>* (
 cause & effect1 proves ! exi/5ce ( a   
p[] sup]ior to nature4 ,! fact is1      
h[ev]1 t ! indissoluble *a9 ( cause &   
effect proves exactly ! contr>y4  ,sir  
,william ,hamilton1 "o ( ! pill>s (     
mod]n !ology1 9 discuss+ ?is v subject1 
uses ! foll[+ language3 ,! ph5om5a (    
matt] tak5 by !mselves1 s f> f w>rant+  
any inf]5ce to ! exi/5ce ( a god1 w\ld  
on ! contr>y gr\nd ev5 an argum5t to 8  
negation4 ,! ph5om5a ( ! mat]ial _w are 
subject$ to immutable laws2 are produc$ 
& reproduc$ 9 ! same inv>iable          

succession1 & manife/ only ! bl9d =ce ( 
a me*anical necessity4  ,nature is b an 
endless s]ies ( effici5t causes4 ,%e _c 
create1 b %e et]nally trans=ms4 ,!re 0  
no beg9n+1 & !re c be no end4  ,! be/   
m9ds1 ev5 9 ! religi\s _w1 admit t 9    
mat]ial nature !re is no evid5ce ( :at  
!y are pleas$ to call a god4 ,!y f9d _! 
evid5ce 9 ! ph5om5a ( intellig5ce1 & v  
innoc5tly ass]t t intellig5ce is above1 
& 9 fact1 oppos$ to nature4 ,!y insi/ t 
man1 at lea/1 is a special creation2 t  
he has some:]e 9 8 bra9 a div9e sp>k1 a 
little portion ( ! ,great ,fir/ ,cause4 
,!y say t matt] _c produce ?\ght2 b t   
?\ght c produce matt]4 ,!y tell u t man 
has intellig5ce1 & !re=e !re mu/ be an  
intellig5ce great] ?an 84 ,:y n say1    
,god has intellig5ce1 !re=e !re mu/ be  
an intellig5ce great] ?an 88 ,s f> z we 
"k1 !re is no intellig5ce ap>t f matt]4 
,we _c conceive ( ?\ght1 except z       
produc$ )9 a bra94  ,! sci5ce1 by means 
( :i* !y demon/rate ! exi/5ce ( an      
impossible intellig5ce1 & an            

incompreh5sible p[] is call$1           
metaphysics or !ology4 ,! !ologians     
admit t ! ph5om5a ( matt] t5d1 at lea/1 
to disprove ! exi/5ce ( any p[] sup]ior 
to nature1 because 9 su* ph5om5a we see 
no?+ b an endless *a9 ( effici5t        
causes--no?+ b ! =ce ( a me*anical      
necessity4 ,!y !re=e appeal to :at !y   
d5om9ate ! ph5om5a ( m9d to e/abli% ?is 
sup]ior p[]4  ,! tr\ble is1 t 9 !       
ph5om5a ( m9d we f9d ! same endless *a9 
( effici5t causes2 ! same me*anical     
necessity4 ,e ?\ght mu/ h _h an effici5t
 cause4 ,e motive1 e desire1 e fe>1 hope
 & dream mu/ h be5 necess>ily produc$4  
,!re is no room 9 ! m9d ( man =         
provid5ce or *ance4 ,! facts & =ces     
gov]n+ ?\ght are z absolute z ^? gov]n+ 
! motions ( ! planets4 ,a poem is       
produc$ by ! =ces ( nature1 & is z      
necess>ily & naturally produc$ z m\nta9s
 & seas4 ,y w seek 9 va9 = a ?\ght 9    
man's bra9 )\t its effici5t cause4 ,e   
m5tal op]ation is ! necess>y result (   
c]ta9 facts & conditions4 ,m5tal ph5om5a

 are consid]$ m complicat$ ?an ^? (     
matt]1 & consequ5tly m my/]i\s4 ,be+ m  
my/]i\s1 !y are consid]$ bett] evid5ce (
 ! exi/5ce ( a god4 ,no "o inf]s a god f
 ! simple1 f ! kn[n1 f :at is und]/ood1 
b f ! complex1 f ! unkn[n1 &            
incompreh5sible4 ,our ignorance is ,god2
 :at we "k is sci5ce4  ,:5 we ab&on !   
doctr9e t "s inf9ite be+ creat$ matt] & 
=ce1 & enact$ a code ( laws = _!        
gov]nm5t1 ! idea ( int]f]5ce w be lo/4  
,! real prie/ w !n be1 n ! m\?-piece (  
"s pret5d$ deity1 b ! int]pret] (       
nature4 ,f t mom5t ! *ur* ceases to exi/
 ,! tap]s w die out ^u ! du/y alt>2 !   
mo?s w eat ! fad+ velvet ( pulpit & pew2
 ! ,bible w take its place ) ! ,%a/ras1 
,puranas1 ,v$as1 ,eddas1 ,sagas &       
,korans1 & ! fett]s ( a degrad+ fai? w  
fall f ! m9ds ( m54  ,b1 says !         
religioni/1 y _c expla9 ev]y?+2 y _c    
und]/& ev]y?+2 & t :i* y _c expla91 t   
:i* y d n compreh5d1 is my ,god4  ,we   
are expla9+ m e day4 ,we are und]/&+ m e
 day2 consequ5tly y\r ,god is gr[+      

small] e day4  ,no?+ daunt$1 !          
religioni/ !n insi/s t no?+ c exi/ )\t a
 cause1 except cause1 & t ?is uncaus$   
cause is ,god4  ,to ?is we aga9 reply3  
,e cause mu/ produce an effect1 because 
until x does produce an effect1 x is n a
 cause4 ,e effect mu/ 9 its turn become 
a cause4 ,!re=e1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 !re  
_c be a la/ cause1 = ! reason t a       
s-call$ la/ cause w\ld necess>ily       
produce an effect1 & t effect mu/ (     
necessity become a cause4 ,! conv]se (  
^! propositions mu/ be true4 ,e effect  
mu/ h _h a cause1 & e cause mu/ h be5 an
 effect4 ,!re=e1 !re c\ld h be5 no fir/ 
cause4 ,a fir/ cause is j z impossible z
 a la/ effect ,beyond ! univ]se !re is  
no?+1 & )9 ! univ]se ! sup]natural does 
n & _c exi/ ,! mom5t ^! great tru?s are 
und]/ood & admitt$1 a belief 9 g5]al or 
special provid5ce becomes impossible4 ,f
 t in/ant m5 w cease _! va9 ef=ts to    
please an imag9>y be+1 & w give _! "t & 
att5tion to ! affairs ( ?is _w4 ,!y w   
ab&on ! idea ( atta9+ any object by     

pray] & supplication4 ,! elem5t (       
unc]ta9ty w1 9 a great measure1 be      
remov$ f ! doma9 ( ! future1 & man1     
ga!r+ c\rage f a succession ( victories 
ov] ! ob/ructions ( nature1 w atta9 a   
s]5e gr&eur unkn[n to ! disciples ( any 
sup]/ition4 ,! plans ( mank9d w no long]
 be int]f]$ ) by ! f+] ( a suppos$      
omnipot5ce1 & no "o w believe t nations 
or individuals are protect$ or de/roy$  
by any deity :atev]4 ,sci5ce1 fre$ f !  
*a9s ( pi\s cu/om & evangelical         
prejudice1 w1 )9 h] sph]e1 be supreme4  
,! m9d w inve/igate )\t rev]5ce1 &      
publi% its conclusions )\t fe>4 ,agassiz
 w no long] hesitate to decl>e ! ,mosaic
 cosmogony utt]ly inconsi/5t ) !        
demon/rat$ tru?s ( geology1 & w cease   
pret5d+ any rev]5ce = ! ,jewi%          
scriptures4 ,! mom5t sci5ce succe$s 9   
r5d]+ ! *ur* p[]less = evil1 ! real     
?9k]s w be outspok54 ,! little flags (  
truce c>ri$ by timid philosoph]s w      
disappe>1 & ! c[>dly p>ley w give place 
to victory--la/+ & univ]sal4  ,if we    

admit t "s inf9ite be+ has controll$ !  
de/9ies ( p]sons & peoples1 hi/ory      
becomes a mo/ cruel & bloody f>ce4 ,age 
aft] age1 ! /rong h trampl$ ^u ! weak2 !
 crafty & he>tless h ensn>$ & enslav$ ! 
simple & innoc5t1 & n[h]e1 9 all !      
annals ( mank9d1 has any god succor$ !  
oppress$4  ,man %\ld cease to expect aid
 f on high4 ,by ?is "t he %\ld "k t     
heav5 has no e> to he>1 & no h& to help4
 ,! pres5t is ! necess>y *ild ( all !   
pa/4 ,!re has be5 no *ance1 & !re c be  
no int]f]5ce4  ,if abuses are de/roy$1  
man mu/ de/roy !m4 ,if slaves are fre$1 
man mu/ free !m4 ,if new tru?s are      
discov]$1 man mu/ discov] !m4 ,if ! nak$
 are clo!d2 if ! hungry are f$2 if      
ju/ice is done2 if labor is rew>d$2 if  
sup]/ition is driv5 f ! m9d2 if !       
def5seless are protect$1 & if ! "r      
f9ally triumphs1 all mu/ be ! "w ( man4 
,! gr& victories ( ! future mu/ be won  
by man1 & by man alone4  ,nature1 s f> z
 we c disc]n1 )\t passion & )\t         
int5tion1 =ms1 trans=ms1 & retrans=ms   

=ev]4 ,%e nei!r weeps nor rejoices4 ,%e 
produces man )\t purpose1 & oblit]ates  
him )\t regret4 ,%e kn[s no di/9ction   
betwe5 ! b5eficial & ! hurtful4 ,poison 
& nutrition1 pa9 & joy1 life & dea?1    
smiles & te>s are alike to h]4 ,%e is   
nei!r m]ciful nor cruel4 ,%e _c be      
flatt]$ by wor%ip nor melt$ by te>s4 ,%e
 does n "k ev5 ! attitude ( pray]4 ,%e  
appreciates no diff]5ce betwe5 poison 9 
! fangs ( snakes & m]cy 9 ! he>ts ( m54 
,only ?r\gh man does nature take        
cognizance ( ! good1 ! true1 & !        
beautiful2 &1 s f> z we "k1 man is !    
highe/ intellig5ce4 ,& yet man cont9ues 
to believe t !re is "s p[] indep5d5t ( &
 sup]ior to nature1 & /ill endeavors1 by
 =m1 c]emony1 supplication1 hypocrisy & 
sacrifice1 to obta9 its aid4 ,8 be/     
en]gies h be5 wa/$ 9 ! s]vice ( ?is     
phantom4 ,! horrors ( wit*craft 7 all   
born ( an ignorant belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( 
a totally deprav$ be+ sup]ior to nature1
 act+ 9 p]fect indep5d5ce ( h] laws2 &  
all religi\s sup]/ition has _h = its    

basis a belief 9 at lea/ two be+s1 "o   
good & ! o!r bad1 bo? ( :om c\ld        
arbitr>ily *ange ! ord] ( ! univ]se4 ,! 
hi/ory ( religion is simply ! /ory (    
man's ef=ts 9 all ages to avoid "o ( ^! 
p[]s1 & to pacify ! o!r4 ,bo? p[]s h    
inspir$ little else ?an1 abject fe>4 ,! 
cold1 calculat+ sne] ( ! devil1 & ! fr[n
 (1 ,god1 7 equally t]rible4 ,9 any     
ev5t1 man's fate 0 to be arbitr>ily fix$
 =ev] by an unkn[n p[] sup]ior to all   
law1 & to all fact4 ,until ?is belief is
 ?r[n aside1 man mu/ consid] himself !  
slave ( phantom ma/]s--nei!r ( :om      
promise lib]ty 9 ?is _w nor 9 ! next4   
,man mu/ le>n to rely ^u himself4 ,read+
 bibles w n protect him f ! bla/s (     
w9t]1 b h\ses1 fires1 & clo?+ w4 ,to    
prev5t fam9e1 "o pl[ is wor? a million  
s]mons1 & ev5 pat5t m$ic9es w cure m    
diseases ?an all ! pray]s utt]$ s9ce !  
beg9n+ ( ! _w4  ,al?\gh _m em95t m5 h   
endeavor$ to h>monize necessity & free  
w1 ! exi/5ce ( evil1 & ! inf9ite p[] &  
goodness ( ,god1 !y h succe$$ only 9    

produc+ le>n$ & +5i\s failures4 ,imm5se 
ef=ts h be5 made to reconcile ideas     
utt]ly inconsi/5t ) ! facts by :i* we   
are surr\nd$1 & all p]sons :o h fail$ to
 p]ceive ! pret5d$ reconciliation1 h be5
 d5\nc$ z infidels1 a!i/s & sc(f]s4 ,!  
:ole p[] ( ! *ur* has be5 br\ght to be> 
aga9/ philosoph]s & sci5ti/s 9 ord] to  
compel a d5ial ( ! au?ority (           
demon/ration1 & to induce "s ,judas to  
betray ,reason1 "o ( ! saviors ( mank9d4
  ,dur+ t frightful p]iod kn[n z ! ,d>k 
,ages ,fai? reign$1 ) sc>cely a         
rebelli\s subject4 ,h] temples 7 c>pet$ 
) knees1 & ! weal? ( nations adorn$ h]  
c\ntless %r9es4 ,! great pa9t]s         
pro/itut$ _! g5ius to immortalize h]    
vag>ies1 :ile ! poets en%r9$ !m 9 song4 
,at h] bidd+1 man cov]$ ! e>? ) blood4  
,! scales ( ,ju/ice 7 turn$ ) h] gold1 &
 = h] use 7 inv5t$ all ! cunn+ in/rum5ts
 ( pa94 ,%e built ca!drals = ,god1 &    
dungeons = m54 ,%e peopl$ ! cl\ds )     
angels & ! e>? ) slaves4 ,= c5turies !  
_w 0 retrac+ its /eps--go+ /eadily back 

t[>ds b>b>ic night6 ,a few infidels--a  
few h]etics cri$1 ,halt6 to ! great     
rabble ( ignorant devotion1 & made x    
possible = ! g5ius ( ! n9ete5? c5tury to
 revolutionize ! cruel cre$s &          
sup]/itions ( mank9d4  ,! ?\ghts ( man1 
9 ord] to be ( any real wor?1 mu/ be    
free4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( fe> ! bra9 is    
p>alyz$1 & in/ead ( bravely solv+ a     
problem = itself1 trembl+ly adopts !    
solution ( ano!r4 ,z long z a majority (
 m5 w cr+e to ! v e>? be=e "s petty     
pr9ce or k+1 :at mu/ be ! inf9ite       
abjectness ( _! little s\ls 9 ! pres5ce 
( _! suppos$ creator & ,god8 ,"u su*    
circum/ances1 :at c _! ?\ghts be wor?8  
,! orig9ality ( repetition1 & ! m5tal   
vigor ( acquiesc5ce1 are all t we h any 
"r to expect f ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,z long z 
e "q is answ]$ by ! ^w god1 sci5tific   
inquiry is simply impossible4 ,z fa/ z  
ph5om5a are satisfactorily expla9$ !    
doma9 ( ! p[]1 suppos$ to be sup]ior to 
nature mu/ decrease1 :ile ! horizon ( ! 
kn[n mu/ z con/antly cont9ue to enl>ge4 

,x is no long] satisfactory to acc\nt = 
! fall & rise ( nations by say+1 ,x is !
 w ( ,god4 ,su* an explanation puts     
ignorance & education ^u an exact       
equality1 & does away ) ! idea ( really 
acc\nt+ = any?+ :atev]4  ,w ! religioni/
 pret5d t ! real end ( sci5ce is to     
asc]ta9 h[ & :y ,god acts8 ,sci5ce1 f   
su* a /&po9t w\ld consi/ 9 inve/igat+ ! 
law ( arbitr>y action1 & 9 a gr&        
endeavor to asc]ta9 ! rules necess>ily  
obey$ by inf9ite caprice4  ,f a         
philosophical po9t ( view1 sci5ce is k (
 ! laws ( life2 ( ! conditions (        
happ9ess2 ( ! facts by :i* we are       
surr\nd$1 & ! relations we su/a9 to m5 &
 ?+s--by means ( :i*1 man1 s to speak1  
subjugates nature & b5ds ! elem5tal p[]s
 to 8 w1 mak+ bl9d =ce ! s]vant ( 8     
bra94  ,a belief 9 special provid5ce    
does away ) ! _s ( inve/igation1 & is   
inconsi/5t ) p]sonal ef=t ,:y %\ld man  
endeavor to ?w>t ! designs ( ,god8 ,:i* 
( y\r by tak+ ?\ght1 c add "o cubit to 8
 /ature8 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ?is belief1   

man1 bask+ 9 ! sun%9e ( a delusion1     
consid]s ! lilies ( ! field & refuses to
 take any-?\ght = ! morr[4 ,believ+     
himself 9 ! p[] ( an inf9ite be+1 :o c1 
at any mom5t1 da% him to ! l[e/ hell or 
raise him to ! highe/ heav51 he         
necess>ily ab&ons ! idea ( accompli%+   
any?+ by 8 own ef=ts4 ,z long z ?is     
belief 0 g5]al1 ! _w 0 fill$ )          
ignorance1 sup]/ition & mis]y4 ,!       
en]gies ( man 7 wa/$ 9 a va9 ef=t to    
obta9 ! aid ( ?is p[]1 suppos$ to be    
sup]ior to nature4 ,= c\ntless ages1 ev5
 m5 7 sacrific$ ^u ! alt> ( ?is         
impossible god4 ,to please him1 mo!rs h 
%$ ! blood ( _! own babes2 m>tyrs h     
*ant$ triumphant songs 9 ! mid/ ( flame2
 prie/s h gorg$ !mselves ) blood2 nuns h
 =sworn ! ec/acies ( love2 old m5 h     
trembl+ly implor$2 wom5 h sobb$ &       
entreat$2 e pa9 has be5 endur$1 & e     
horror has be5 p]petrat$4 ,?r\gh ! dim  
long ye>s t h fl$1 humanity has suff]$ m
 ?an c be conceiv$ ,mo/ ( ! mis]y has   
be5 endur$ by ! weak1 ! lov+ & ! innoc5t

 ,wom5 h be5 treat$ l poison\s bea/s1 & 
little *ildr5 trampl$ ^u z ?\gh !y _h   
be5 v]m94 ,numb]less alt>s h be5 r$d5$1 
ev5 ) ! blood ( babes2 beautiful girls h
 be5 giv5 to slimy s]p5ts2 :ole races ( 
m5 doom$ to c5turies ( slav]y1 & ev]y:]e
 !re has be5 outrage beyond ! p[] (     
g5ius to express4 ,dur+ all ^! ye>s !   
suff]+ h supplicat$2 ! )]$ lips ( fam9e 
h pray$2 ! pale victims h implor$1 &    
,heav5 has be5 deaf & bl9d4  ,( :at use 
h ! gods be5 to man8  ,x is no answ] to 
say t "s god creat$ ! _w1 e/abli%$ c]ta9
 laws1 & !n turn$ 8 att5tion to o!r     
matt]s1 leav+ 8 *ildr5 weak1 ignorant & 
unaid$1 to fight ! battle ( life alone4 
,x is no solution to decl>e t 9 "s o!r  
_w ?is god w r5d] a few1 or ev5 all1 8  
subjects happy4 ,:at "r h we to expect t
 a p]fectly wise1 good & p[]ful be+ w   
ev] d bett] ?an he has done1 & is do+8  
,! _w is fill$ ) imp]fections4 ,if x 0  
made by an inf9ite be+1 :at reason h we 
= say+ t he w r5d] x ne>] p]fect ?an x  
n[ is8 ,if ! inf9ite ,fa!r all[s a      

majority ( 8 *ildr5 to live 9 ignorance 
& wret*$ness n[1 :at evid5ce is !re t he
 w ev] improve _! condition8 ,w ,god h m
 p[]8 ,w he become m m]ciful8 ,w 8 love 
= 8 poor creatures increase8 ,c !       
conduct ( inf9ite wisdom1 p[] & love ev]
 *ange8 ,is ! inf9ite capable ( any     
improvem5t :atev]8  ,we are in=m$ by !  
cl]gy t ?is _w is a k9d ( s*ool2 t !    
evils by :i* we are surr\nd$ are = !    
purpose ( develop+ our s\ls1 & t only by
 suff]+ c m5 become pure1 /rong1 virtu\s
 & gr&4  ,suppos+ ?is to be true1 :at is
 to become ( ^? :o die 9 infancy8 ,!    
little *ildr51 accord+ to ?is           
philosophy1 c nev] be develop$4 ,!y 7 s 
un=tunate z to escape ! ennobl+         
influ5ces ( pa9 & mis]y1 & z a          
consequ5ce1 are doom$ to an et]nity (   
m5tal inf]iority4 ,if ! cl]gy are "r on 
?is "q1 none are s un=tunate z ! happy1 
& we %\ld envy only ! suff]+ & di/ress$4
 ,if evil is necess>y to ! developm5t ( 
man1 9 ?is life1 h[ is x possible = !   
s\l to improve 9 ! p]fect joy ( p>adise8

  ,s9ce ,paley f\nd 8 wat*1 ! argum5t ( 
design has be5 reli$ ^u z unansw]able4  
,! ,*ur* tea*es t ?is _w1 & all t x     
conta9s1 7 creat$ sub/antially z we n[  
see !m2 t ! grasses1 ! fl[]s1 ! trees1 &
 all animals1 includ+ man1 7 special    
creations1 & t !y su/a9 no necess>y     
relation to ea* o!r4 ,! mo/ or?odox w   
admit t "s e>? has be5 wa%$ into ! sea2 
t ! sea has encroa*$ a little ^u ! l&1 &
 t "s m\nta9s may be a trifle l[] ?an 9 
! morn+ ( creation4 ,! !ory ( gradual   
developm5t 0 unkn[n to our fa!rs2 ! idea
 ( evolution did n occur to !m4 ,our    
fa!rs look$ ^u ! !n arrangem5t ( ?+s z !
 primal arrangem5t ,! e>? appe>$ to !m  
fre% f ! h&s ( a deity4 ,!y knew no?+ ( 
! sl[ evolutions ( c\ntless ye>s1 b     
suppos$ t ! almo/ inf9ite v>iety (      
vegetable & animal =ms _h exi/$ f !     
fir/4 ,suppose t ^u "s isl& we %\ld f9d 
a man a million ye>s ( age1 & suppose t 
we %\ld f9d him 9 ! possession ( a mo/  
beautiful c>riage1 con/ruct$ ^u ! mo/   
p]fect model4 ,& suppose1 fur!r1 t he   

%\ld tell u t x 0 ! result ( sev]al     
hundr$ ?\s& ye>s ( labor & ( ?\ght2 t = 
fifty ?\s& ye>s he us$ z flat a log z he
 c\ld f9d1 be=e x occurr$ to him1 t by  
splitt+ ! log1 he c\ld h ! same surface 
) only half ! weight2 t x took him _m   
?\s& ye>s to inv5t :eels = ?is log2 t ! 
:eels he fir/ us$ 7 solid1 & t fifty    
?\s& ye>s ( ?\ght sugge/$ ! use ( spokes
 & tire2 t = _m c5turies he us$ ! :eels 
)\t l9*-p9s2 t x took a hundr$ ?\s& ye>s
 m to ?9k ( us+ f\r :eels1 in/ead ( two2
 t = ages he walk$ beh9d ! c>riage1 :5  
go+ d[n hill1 9 ord] to hold x back1 & t
 only by a lucky *ance he inv5t$ !      
tongue2 w\ld we conclude t ?is man1 f ! 
v fir/1 _h be5 an inf9itely +5i\s &     
p]fect me*anic8 ,suppose we f\nd him    
liv+ 9 an elegant mansion1 & he %\ld    
in=m u t he liv$ 9 t h\se = five hundr$ 
?\s& ye>s be=e he ?\ght ( putt+ on a    
ro(1 & t he _h b rec5tly inv5t$ w9d[s & 
doors2 w\ld we say t f ! beg9n+ he _h   
be5 an inf9itely accompli%$ & sci5tific 
ar*itect8  ,does n an improvem5t 9 ! ?+s

 creat$1 %[ a correspond+ improvem5t 9 !
 creator8  ,w\ld an inf9itely wise1 good
 & p[]ful ,god1 int5d+ to produce man1  
comm5ce ) ! l[e/ possible =ms ( life2 ) 
! simple/ organism t c be imag9$1 & dur+
 immeasurable p]iods ( "t1 sl[ly & almo/
 imp]ceptibly improve ^u ! rude beg9n+1 
until man 0 evolv$8 ,w\ld c\ntless ages 
?us be wa/$ 9 ! production ( awkw>d =ms1
 aft]w>ds ab&on$8 ,c ! intellig5ce ( man
 discov] ! lea/ wisdom 9 cov]+ ! e>? )  
crawl+1 creep+ horrors1 t live only ^u !
 agonies & pangs ( o!rs8 ,c we see !    
propriety ( s con/ruct+ ! e>?1 t only an
 insignificant portion ( its surface is 
capable ( produc+ an intellig5t man8 ,:o
 c appreciate ! m]cy ( s mak+ ! _w t all
 animals dev\r animals2 s t e m\? is a  
slaught]h\se1 & e /oma* a tomb8 ,is x   
possible to discov] inf9ite intellig5ce 
& love 9 univ]sal & et]nal c>nage8  ,:at
 w\ld we ?9k ( a fa!r1 :o %\ld give a   
f>m to 8 *ildr51 & be=e giv+ !m         
possession %\ld plant ^u x ?\s&s (      
deadly %rubs & v9es2 %\ld /ock x )      

f]oci\s bea/s1 & poison\s reptiles2 %\ld
 take pa9s to put a few swamps 9 !      
neighborhood to bre$ mal>ia2 %\ld s     
arrange matt]s1 t ! gr\nd w\ld          
occasionally op5 & swall[ a few ( 8     
d>l+s1 & besides all ?is1 %\ld e/abli% a
 few volcanoes 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity1 t  
might at any mom5t ov]:elm 8 *ildr5 )   
riv]s ( fire8 ,suppose t ?is fa!r       
neglect$ to tell 8 *ildr5 :i* ( ! plants
 7 deadly2 t ! reptiles 7 poison\s2     
fail$ to say any?+ ab\t ! e>?quakes1 &  
kept ! volcano bus9ess a pr(\nd secret2 
w\ld we pron\nce him angel or fi5d8  ,& 
yet ?is is exactly :at ! or?odox ,god   
has done4  ,accord+ to ! !ologians1 ,god
 prep>$ ?is globe expressly = !         
habitation ( 8 lov$ *ildr51 & yet he    
fill$ ! =e/s ) f]oci\s bea/s2 plac$     
s]p5ts 9 e pa?2 /uff$ ! _w ) e>?quakes1 
& adorn$ its surface ) m\nta9s ( flame4 
,not)/&+ all ?is1 we are told t ! _w is 
p]fect2 t x 0 creat$ by a p]fect be+1 & 
is !re=e necess>ily p]fect4 ,! next     
mom5t1 ^! same p]sons w tell u t ! _w 0 

curs$2 cov]$ ) brambles1 ?i/les & ?orns1
 & t man 0 doom$ to disease & dea?1     
simply because our poor1 de> "m ate an  
apple contr>y to ! comm& ( an arbitr>y  
,god4  ,a v pi\s fri5d ( m9e1 hav+ he>d 
t ,i _h said ! _w 0 full ( imp]fections1
 ask$ me if ! report 0 true4 ,^u be+    
in=m$ t x 01 he express$ great surprise 
t any "o c\ld be guilty ( su*           
presumption4 ,he said t1 9 8 judgm5t1 x 
0 impossible to po9t out an imp]fection4
 ,be k9d en\gh1 said he1 to "n ev5 "o   
improvem5t t y c\ld make1 if y _h ! p[]4
 ,well1 said ,i1 ,i w\ld make good heal?
 cat*+1 in/ead ( disease4 ,! tru? is1 x 
is impossible to h>monize all ! ills1 & 
pa9s1 & agonies ( ?is _w ) ! idea t we 7
 creat$ by1 & are wat*$ ov] & protect$  
by an inf9itely wise1 p[]ful & b5efic5t 
,god1 :o is sup]ior to & indep5d5t (    
nature4  ,! cl]gy1 h[ev]1 balance all ! 
real ills ( ?is life ) ! expect$ joys ( 
! next ,we are assur$ t all is p]fection
 9 heav5--!re ! skies are cl\dless--!re 
all is s]5ity & peace4 ,"h empires may  

be ov]?r[n2 dyna/ies may be ext+ui%$ 9  
blood2 millions ( slaves may toil 'nea? 
! fi]ce rays ( ! sun1 & ! cruel /rokes (
 ! la%2 yet all is happ9ess 9 heav54    
,pe/il5ces may /rew ! e>? ) corpses ( ! 
lov$2 ! survivors may b5d above !m 9    
agony--yet ! placid bosom ( heav5 is    
unruffl$4 ,*ildr5 may expire va9ly ask+ 
= bread2 babes may be dev\r$ by s]p5ts1 
:ile ! gods sit smil+ 9 ! cl\ds4 ,!     
innoc5t may langui% unto dea? 9 !       
obscurity ( dungeons2 brave m5 & h]oic  
wom5 may be *ang$ to a%es at ! bigot's  
/ake1 :ile heav5 is fill$ ) song & joy4 
,out on ! wide sea1 9 d>kness & 9 /orm1 
! %ipwreck$ /ruggle ) ! cruel waves :ile
 ! angels play ^u _! gold5 h>ps4 ,!     
/reets ( ! _w are fill$ ) ! diseas$1 !  
de=m$ & ! helpless2 ! *amb]s ( pa9 are  
cr[d$ ) ! pale =ms ( ! suff]+1 :ile !   
angels float & fly 9 ! happy realms (   
day4 ,9 heav5 !y are too happy to h     
sympa?y2 too busy s++ to aid ! implor+ &
 di/ress$4 ,_! eyes are bl9d$2 _! e>s   
are /opp$ & _! he>ts are turn$ to /one  

by ! inf9ite selfi%ness ( joy4 ,! sav$  
m>9] is too happy :5 he t\*es ! %ore to 
give a mom5t's ?\ght to 8 dr[n+ bro!rs4 
,) ! indiff]5ce ( happ9ess1 ) ! contempt
 ( bliss1 heav5 b>ely glances at !      
mis]ies ( e>?4 ,cities are dev\r$ by !  
ru%+ lava2 ! e>? op5s & ?\s&s p]i%2 wom5
 raise _! clasp$ h&s t[>ds heav51 b !   
gods are too happy to aid _! *ildr54 ,! 
smiles ( ! deities are unacqua9t$ ) !   
te>s ( m54 ,! %\ts ( heav5 dr[n ! sobs (
 e>?4  ,hav+ %[n h[ man creat$ gods1 &  
h[ he became ! trembl+ slave ( 8 own    
creation1 ! que/ions naturally arise3   
,h[ did he free himself ev5 a little1 f 
^! mon>*s ( ! sky1 f ^! despots ( !     
cl\ds1 f ?is ari/ocracy ( ! air8 ,h[ did
 he1 ev5 to ! ext5t t he has1 outgr[ 8  
ignorant1 abject t]ror1 & ?r[ (f ! yoke 
( sup]/ition8  ,probably1 ! fir/ ?+ t   
t5d$ to disabuse 8 m9d 0 ! discov]y (   
ord]1 ( regul>ity1 ( p]iodicity 9 !     
univ]se4 ,f ?is he began to suspect t   
ev]y?+ did n happ5 purely ) ref]5ce to  
him4 ,he notic$1 t :atev] he might d1 ! 

motions ( ! planets 7 always ! same2 t  
eclipses 7 p]iodical1 & t ev5 comets    
came at c]ta9 int]vals4 ,?is conv9c$ him
 t eclipses & comets _h no?+ to d ) him1
 & t 8 conduct _h no?+ to d ) !m4 ,he   
p]ceiv$ t !y 7 n caus$ = 8 b5efit or    
injury4 ,he ?us le>n$ to reg>d !m )     
admiration in/ead ( fe>4 ,he began to   
suspect t fam9e 0 n s5t by "s enrag$ &  
rev5geful deity1 b result$ (t5 f !      
neglect & ignorance ( man4 ,he le>n$ t  
diseases 7 n produc$ by evil spirits4   
,he f\nd t sickness 0 occasion$ by      
natural causes1 & c\ld be cur$ by       
natural means4 ,he demon/rat$1 to 8 own 
satisfaction at lea/1 t pray] is n a    
m$ic9e4 ,he f\nd by sad exp]i5ce t 8    
gods 7 ( no practical use1 z !y nev]    
assi/$ him1 except :5 he 0 p]fectly able
 to help himself4 ,at la/1 he began to  
discov] t 8 individual action _h no?+   
:atev] to d ) /range appe>ances 9 !     
heav5s2 t x 0 impossible = him to be bad
 en\gh to cause a :irlw9d1 or good en\gh
 to /op "o4 ,aft] _m c5turies ( ?\ght1  

he ab\t half conclud$ t mak+ m\?s at a  
prie/ w\ld n necess>ily cause an        
e>?quake4 ,he notic$1 & no d\bt )       
consid]able a/oni%m5t1 t v good m5 7    
occasionally /ruck by lightn+1 :ile v   
bad ones escap$4 ,he 0 frequ5tly =c$ to 
! pa9ful conclusion 7& x is ! mo/ pa9ful
 to :i* any human be+ ev] 0 =c$7 t ! "r 
did n always prevail4 ,he notic$ t !    
gods did n int]f]e 9 behalf ( ! weak &  
innoc5t4 ,he 0 n[ & !n a/oni%$ by see+  
an unbeliev] 9 ! enjoym5t ( mo/ excell5t
 heal?4 ,he f9ally asc]ta9$ t1 !re c\ld 
be no possible connection betwe5 an     
unusually sev]e w9t] & 8 failure to give
 a %eep to a prie/4 ,he began to suspect
 t ! ord] ( ! univ]se 0 n con/antly be+ 
*ang$ to assi/ him because he repeat$ a 
cre$4 ,he obs]v$ t "s *ildr5 w\ld /eal  
aft] hav+ be5 regul>ly baptiz$4 ,he     
notic$ a va/ diff]5ce betwe5 religion & 
ju/ice1 & t ! wor%ip]s ( ! same ,god1   
took delight 9 cutt+ ea* o!r's ?roats4  
,he saw t ^! religi\s disputes fill$ !  
_w ) hatr$ & slav]y4 ,at la/ he _h !    

c\rage to suspect1 t no ,god at any "t  
int]f]es ) ! ord] ( ev5ts4 ,he le>n$ a  
few facts1 & ^! facts positively refus$ 
to h>monize ) ! ignorant sup]/itions ( 8
 fa!rs4 ,f9d+ 8 sacr$ books incorrect & 
false 9 "s p>ticul>s1 8 fai? 9 _!       
au!nticity began to be %ak52 f9d+ 8     
prie/s ignorant ^u "s po9ts1 he began to
 lose respect = ! clo?4 ,?is 0 !        
comm5cem5t ( intellectual fre$om4  ,!   
civilization ( man has increas$ j to !  
same ext5t t religi\s p[] has decreas$4 
,! intellectual advancem5t ( man dep5ds 
^u h[ (t5 he c ex*ange an old sup]/ition
 = a new tru?4 ,! ,*ur* nev] enabl$ a   
human be+ to make ev5 "o ( ^! ex*anges2 
on ! contr>y1 all h] p[] has be5 us$ to 
prev5t !m4 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,*ur*1  
man f\nd t "s ( 8 religi\s conceptions 7
 wrong4 ,by read+ 8 bible1 he f\nd t !  
ideas ( 8 ,god 7 m cruel & brutal ?an ^?
 ( ! mo/ deprav$ savage4 ,he also       
discov]$ t ?is holy book 0 fill$ )      
ignorance1 & t x mu/ h be5 writt5 by    
p]sons :olly unacqua9t$ ) ! nature ( !  

ph5om5a by :i* we are surr\nd$2 & n[ &  
!n1 "s man _h ! goodness & c\rage to    
speak 8 hone/ ?\ghts4 ,9 e age "s ?9k]1 
"s d\bt]1 "s inve/igator1 "s hat] (     
hypocrisy1 "s despis] ( %am1 "s brave   
lov] ( ! "r1 has gladly1 pr\dly &       
h]oically brav$ ! ignorant fury (       
sup]/ition = ! sake ( man & tru?4 ,^!   
div9e m5 7 g5]ally torn 9 pieces by !   
wor%ip]s ( ! gods4 ,socrates 0 poison$  
because he lack$ rev]5ce = "s ( !       
deities4 ,*ri/ 0 crucifi$ by a religi\s 
rabble = ! crime ( blasphemy4 ,no?+ is m
 gratify+ to a religioni/ ?an to de/roy 
8 enemies at ! comm& ( ,god4 ,religi\s  
p]secution spr+s f a due admixture (    
love t[>ds ,god & hatr$ t[>ds man4  ,!  
t]rible religi\s w>s t inundat$ ! _w )  
blood t5d$ at lea/ to br+ all religion  
into disgrace & hatr$4 ,?\ghtful p began
 to "q ! div9e orig9 ( a religion t made
 its believ]s hold ! rights ( o!rs 9    
absolute contempt4 ,a few began to      
comp>e ,*ri/ianity ) ! religions ( hea!n
 p1 & 7 =c$ to admit t ! diff]5ce 0     

h>dly wor? dy+ =4 ,!y also f\nd t o!r   
nations 7 ev5 happi] & m prosp]\s ?an _!
 own4 ,!y began to suspect t _!         
religion1 aft] all1 0 n ( mu* real      
value4  ,= ?ree hundr$ ye>s ! ,*ri/ian  
_w endeavor$ to rescue f ! ,infidel !   
empty sepul*re ( ,*ri/ ,= ?ree hundr$   
ye>s ! armies ( ! cross 7 baffl$ & beat5
 by ! victori\s ho/s ( an impud5t       
impo/or4 ,?is imm5se fact s[$ ! se$s (  
di/ru/ ?r\gh\t all ,*ri/5dom1 & millions
 began to lose confid5ce 9 a ,god :o _h 
be5 vanqui%$ by-,mohamm$4 ,! p also f\nd
 t comm]ce made fri5ds :]e religion made
 enemies1 & t religi\s zeal 0 utt]ly    
incompatible ) peace betwe5 nations or  
individuals4 ,!y discov]$ t ^? :o lov$ !
 gods mo/ 7 apt to love m5 lea/2 t !    
arrogance ( univ]sal =giv5ess 0 amaz+2 t
 ! mo/ malici\s _h ! effront]y to pray =
 _! enemies1 & t humility & tyranny 7 ! 
fruit ( ! same tree4 ,= ages1 a deadly  
conflict has be5 wag$ betwe5 a few brave
 m5 & wom5 ( ?\ght & g5ius ^u ! "o side1
 & ! great ignorant religi\s mass on !  

o!r4 ,?is is ! w> betwe5 ,sci5ce &      
,fai?4 ,! few h appeal$ to reason1 to   
honor1 to law1 to fre$om to ! kn[n1 & to
 happ9ess "h 9 ?is _w4 ,! _m h appeal$  
to prejudice1 to fe>1 to miracle1 to    
slav]y1 to ! unkn[n1 & to mis]y h]eaft]4
 ,! few h said1 ,?9k6 ,! _m h said1     
,believe6  ,! fir/ d\bt 0 ! womb &      
cradle ( progress1 & f ! fir/ d\bt1 man 
has cont9u$ to advance4 ,m5 began to    
inve/igate1 & ! *ur* began to oppose4 ,!
 a/ronom] scann$ ! heav5s1 :ile ! *ur*  
br&$ 8 gr& =ehead ) ! ^w1 ,infidel2 &   
n[1 n a glitt]+ /> 9 all ! va/ expanse  
be>s a ,*ri/ian "n4 ,9 spite ( all      
religion1 ! geologi/ p5etrat$ ! e>?1    
read h] hi/ory 9 books ( /one1 & f\nd1  
hidd5 )9 h] bosom1 s\v5irs ( all ! ages4
 ,old ideas p]i%$ 9 ! retort ( ! *emi/1 
& useful tru?s took _! places4 ,"o by "o
 religi\s conceptions h be5 plac$ 9 !   
crucible ( sci5ce1 & ?us f>1 no?+ b     
dross has be5 f\nd4 ,a new _w has be5   
discov]$ by ! microscope2 ev]y:]e has   
be5 f\nd ! inf9ite2 9 e direction man   

has inve/igat$ & explor$1 & n[h]e1 9 e>?
 or />s1 has be5 f\nd ! foot/ep ( any   
be+ sup]ior to or indep5d5t ( nature4   
,n[h]e has be5 discov]$ ! slighte/      
evid5ce ( any int]f]5ce f )\t4  ,^! are 
! sublime tru?s t enabl$ man to ?r[ (f !
 yoke ( sup]/ition4 ,^! are ! spl5did   
facts t snat*$ ! sceptre ( au?ority f ! 
h&s ( prie/s4  ,9 t va/ cemet]y1 call$ !
 pa/1 are mo/ ( ! religions ( m51 & !re1
 too1 are ne>ly all _! gods4 ,! sacr$   
temples ( ,india 7 ru9s long ago4 ,ov]  
column & cornice2 ov] ! pa9t$ & pictur$ 
walls1 cl+ & creep ! trail+ v9es4       
,brahma1 ! gold51 ) f\r heads & f\r     
arms2 ,vi%nu1 ! sombre1 ! puni%] ( !    
wick$1 ) 8 ?ree eyes1 8 cresc5t1 & 8    
necklace ( skulls2 ,siva1 ! de/roy]1 r$ 
) seas ( blood2 ,kali1 ! goddess2       
,draupadi1 ! :ite-arm$1 & ,*ri%na1 !    
,*ri/1 all pass$ away & left ! ?rones ( 
heav5 desolate4 ,along ! banks ( ! sacr$
 ,nile1 ,isis no long] w&]+ weeps1 se>*+
 = ! dead ,osiris4 ,! %ad[ ( ,typhon's  
sc[l falls no m ^u ! waves4 ,! sun rises

 z ( yore1 & 8 gold5 beams /ill smite ! 
lips ( ,memnon1 b ,mem-non is z         
voiceless z ! ,sph9x4 ,! sacr$ fanes are
 lo/ 9 des]t s&s2 ! du/y mummies are    
/ill wait+ = ! resurrection promis$ by  
_! prie/s1 & ! old beliefs1 wr\ght 9    
curi\sly sculptur$ /one1 sleep 9 ! my/]y
 ( a language lo/ & dead4 ,od91 ! au?or 
( life & s\l1 ,vili & ,ve1 & ! mighty   
giant ,ymir1 /rode long ago f ! icy     
halls ( ! ,nor?2 & ,?or1 ) iron glove & 
glitt]+ hamm]1 da%es m\nta9s to ! e>? no
 m4 ,brok5 are ! circles & cromle*s ( ! 
anci5t ,druids2 fall5 ^u ! summits ( !  
hills1 & cov]$ ) ! c5turies' moss1 are !
 sacr$ cairns4 ,! div9e fires ( ,p]sia &
 ( ! ,aztecs1 h di$ out 9 ! a%es ( !    
pa/1 & !re is none to rek9dle1 & none to
 fe$ ! holy flames4 ,! h>p ( ,orpheus is
 /ill2 ! dra9$ cup ( ,bac*us has be5    
?r[n aside2 ,v5us lies dead 9 /one1 & h]
 :ite bosom heaves no m ) love4 ,!      
/reams /ill murmur1 b no naiads ba!2 !  
trees /ill wave1 b 9 ! =e/ aisles no    
dryads dance4 ,! gods h fl[n f high     

,olympus4 ,n ev5 ! beautiful wom5 c lure
 !m back1 & ,danse lies unnotic$1 nak$  
to ! />s4 ,hu%$ =ev] are ! ?und]s (     
,s9ai2 lo/ are ! voices ( ! prophets1 & 
! l& once fl[+ ) milk & honey1 is b a   
des]t wa/e4 ,"o by "o1 ! my?s h fad$ f !
 cl\ds2 "o by "o1 ! phantom ho/ has     
disappe>$1 & "o by "o1 facts1 tru?s &   
realities h tak5 _! places4 ,!          
sup]natural has almo/ gone1 b ! natural 
rema9s4 ,! gods h fl$1 b man is "h4     
,nations1 l individuals1 h _! p]iods (  
y\?1 ( manhood & decay4 ,religions are !
 same4 ,! same inexorable de/9y awaits  
!m all4 ,! gods creat$ by ! nations mu/ 
p]i% ) _! creators4 ,!y 7 creat$ by m51 
& l m51 !y mu/ pass away4 ,! deities (  
"o age are ! by-words ( ! next4 ,!      
religion ( our day1 & c\ntry1 is no m   
exempt f ! sne] ( ! future ?an ! o!rs h 
be54 ,:5 ,india 0 supreme1 ,brahma sat  
^u ! _w's ?rone4 ,:5 ! sceptre pass$ to 
,egypt1 ,isis & ,osiris receiv$ ! homage
 ( mank9d4 ,greece1 ) h] fi]ce valor1   
swept to empire1 & ,zeus put on ! purple

 ( au?ority4 ,! e>? trembl$ ) ! tread ( 
,rome's intrepid sons1 & ,jove grasp$ ) 
mail$ h& ! ?und]bolts ( heav54 ,rome    
fell1 & ,*ri/ians f h] t]ritory1 ) ! r$ 
sword ( w>1 c>v$ out ! rul+ nations ( ! 
_w1 & n[ ,*ri/ sits ^u ! old ?rone4 ,:o 
w be 8 successor8  ,day by day1 religi\s
 conceptions gr[ less & less int5se4    
,day by day1 ! old _s dies out ( book & 
cre$4 ,! burn+ en?usiasm1 ! qu5*less    
zeal ( ! e>ly *ur* h gone1 nev]1 nev] to
 return4 ,! c]emonies rema91 b ! anci5t 
fai? is fad+ out ( ! human he>t4 ,!     
worn-out argum5ts fail to conv9ce1 &    
d5unciations t once blan*$ ! faces ( a  
race1 excite 9 u only d]ision & disgu/4 
,z "t rolls on1 ! miracles gr[ mean &   
small1 & ! evid5ces our fa!rs ?\ght     
conclusive utt]ly fail to satisfy u4    
,!re is an irrepressible conflict betwe5
 religion & sci5ce1 & !y _c peaceably   
occupy ! same bra9 nor ! same _w4  ,:ile
 utt]ly disc>d+ all cre$s1 & d5y+ ! tru?
 ( all religions1 !re is nei!r 9 my he>t
 nor ^u my lips a sne] = ! hopeful1 lov+

 & t5d] s\ls :o believe t f all ?is     
discord w result a p]fect h>mony2 t e   
evil w 9 "s my/]i\s way become a good1 &
 t above & ov] all !re is a be+ :o1 9 "s
 way1 w reclaim & glorify e "o ( !      
*ildr5 ( m52 b = ^? :o he>tlessly try to
 prove t salvation is almo/ impossible2 
t damnation is almo/ c]ta92 t ! highway 
( ! univ]se leads to hell2 :o fill life 
) fe> & dea? ) horror2 :o curse ! cradle
 & mock ! tomb1 x is impossible to      
ent]ta9 o!r ?an feel+s ( pity1 contempt 
& scorn4  ,reason1 ,obs]vation &        
,exp]i5ce--! ,holy ,tr9ity ( ,sci5ce--h 
taught u t happ9ess is ! only good2 t ! 
"t to be happy is n[1 & ! way to be     
happy is to make o!rs s4 ,?is is en\gh =
 u4 ,9 ?is belief we are cont5t to live 
& die4 ,if by any possibility ! exi/5ce 
( a p[] sup]ior to1 & indep5d5t (1      
nature %all be demon/rat$1 !re w !n be  
"t en\gh to kneel4 ,until !n1 let u /&  
erect4  ,not)/&+ ! fact t infidels 9 all
 ages h battl$ = ! rights ( man1 & h at 
all times be5 ! fe>less advocates (     

lib]ty & ju/ice1 we are con/antly *>g$  
by ! ,*ur* ) te>+ d[n )\t build+ aga94  
,! ,*ur* %\ld by ?is "t "k t x is utt]ly
 impossible to rob m5 ( _! op9ions4 ,!  
hi/ory ( religi\s p]secution fully      
e/abli%es ! fact t ! m9d necess>ily     
resi/s & defies e attempt to control x  
by viol5ce4 ,! m9d necess>ily cl+s to   
old ideas until prep>$ = ! new4 ,! mom5t
 we compreh5d ! tru?1 all errone\s ideas
 are ( necessity ca/ aside4  ,a surgeon 
once call$ ^u a poor cripple & k9dly    
(f]$ to r5d] him any assi/ance 9 8 p[]4 
,! surgeon began to disc\rse v le>n$ly  
^u ! nature & orig9 ( disease2 ( !      
curative prop]ties ( c]ta9 m$ic9es2 ( ! 
advantages ( ex]cise1 air & light1 & ( !
 v>i\s ways 9 :i* heal? & /r5g? c\ld be 
re/or$4 ,^! rem>ks 7 s full ( good s5se1
 & discov]$ s mu* pr(\nd ?\ght &        
accurate k1 t ! cripple1 becom+ ?or\ghly
 al>m$1 cri$ out1 ,d n1 ,i pray y1 take 
away my crut*es4 ,!y are my only        
support1 & )\t !m ,i %\ld be mis]able   
inde$6 ,i am n go+1 said ! surgeon1 to  

take away y\r crut*es4 ,i am go+ to cure
 y1 & !n y w ?r[ ! crut*es away y\rself4
  ,= ! vag>ies ( ! cl\ds ! infidels     
propose to sub/itute ! realities ( e>?2 
= sup]/ition1 ! spl5did demon/rations & 
a*ievem5ts ( sci5ce2 & = !ological      
tyranny1 ! *a9less lib]ty ( ?\ght4  ,we 
d n say t we h discov]$ all2 t our      
doctr9es are ! all 9 all ( tru?4 ,we "k 
( no end to ! developm5t ( man4 ,we _c  
unravel ! inf9ite complications ( matt] 
& =ce4 ,! hi/ory ( "o monad is z unkn[n 
z t ( ! univ]se2 "o drop ( wat] is z    
wond]ful z all ! seas2 "o leaf1 z all ! 
=e/s2 & "o gra9 ( s&1 z all ! />s4  ,we 
are n endeavor+ to *a9 ! future1 b to   
free ! pres5t4 ,we are n =g+ fett]s =   
our *ildr51 b we are break+ ^? our fa!rs
 made = u4 ,we are ! advocates (        
inquiry1 ( inve/igation & ?\ght4 ,?is ( 
itself1 is an admission t we are n      
p]fectly satisfi$ ) all our conclusions4
 ,philosophy has n ! egotism ( fai?4    
,:ile sup]/ition builds walls & creates 
ob/ructions1 sci5ce op5s all ! highways 

( ?\ght4 ,we d n pret5d to h            
circumnavigat$ ev]y?+1 & to h solv$ all 
difficulties1 b we d believe t x is     
bett] to love m5 ?an to fe> gods2 t x is
 gr&] & nobl] to ?9k & inve/igate =     
y\rself ?an to repeat a cre$4 ,we are   
satisfi$ t !re c be b little lib]ty on  
e>? :ile m5 wor%ip a tyrant 9 heav54 ,we
 d n expect to accompli% ev]y?+ 9 our   
day2 b we want to d :at good we c1 & to 
r5d] all ! s]vice possible 9 ! holy     
cause ( human progress4 ,we "k t do+    
away ) gods & sup]natural p]sons & p[]s 
is n an end4 ,x is a means to an end3 ! 
real end be+ ! happ9ess ( man4  ,fell+  
=e/s is n ! end ( agriculture4 ,driv+   
pirates f ! sea is n all !re is (       
comm]ce4  ,we are lay+ ! f\ndations ( ! 
gr& temple ( ! future--n ! temple ( all 
! gods1 b ( all ! p--:]e91 ) appropriate
 rites1 w be celebrat$ ! religion (     
,humanity4 ,we are do+ :at little we c  
to ha/5 ! com+ ( ! day :5 society %all  
cease produc+ millionaires &            
m5dicants--gorg$ indol5ce & fami%$      

indu/ry--tru? 9 rags1 & sup]/ition rob$ 
& cr[n$4 ,we are look+ = ! "t :5 !      
useful %all be ! honorable2 & :5        
,reason1 ?ron$ ^u ! _w's bra91 %all be !
 ,k+ ( ,k+s1 & ,god ( ,gods4