,curi\s ,arts4 ,illu/ration3 ,sket*es ( ,l&scapes4 ,see page #ca ,a ,,select ,,collection ,,( ,,valuable ,,& ,,curi\s ,,arts1 ,,& ,,int]e/+ ,,exp]im5ts1 ,,:i* ,,are ,,well ,,expla9$ ,,& ,,w>rant$ ,,g5u9e ,,& ,,may ,,be ,,p]=m$ ,,easily1 ,,safely1 ,,& ,,at ,,little ,,exp5se4 ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,,concord3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,rufus ,,port]4 ,j4 ,b4 ,moore1 ,pr9t]4 #ahbf4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,"s ( ! articles 9 ! ,app5dix d n li/ a price4 ,,di/rict ,,( ,,new-,,hamp%ire1 to wit4 ,di/rict ,cl]k's ,(fice4 ,sid5ote3 ,l4 ,s4 ,be x rememb]$1 t on ! tw5ty-second day ( ,octob]1 ,a4,d4 #ahbe1 & 9 ! fiftie? ye> ( ! ,indep5d5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 ,,rufus ,,port]1 ( ! said ,di/rict1 has deposit$ 9 ?is ,(fice ! title ( a book1 ! "r :]e( he claims z proprietor1 9 ! words foll[+1 to wit3-- ,a ,select ,collection ( valuable & curi\s ,arts & int]e/+ ,exp]im5ts1 :i* are well expla9$ & w>rant$ g5u9e1 & may be p]=m$ easily1 safely1 & at little exp5se4 ,9 con=mity to ! act ( ! ,congress ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 entitl$1 ,an act = ! enc\ragem5t ( le>n+1 by secur+ ! copies ( ,maps1 ,*>ts & ,books1 to ! ,au?ors & ,proprietors ( su* copies1 dur+ ! "t !re9 m5tion$2 & also to an act1 entitl$1 ,an act supplem5t>y to an act1 entitl$1 an act = ! enc\ragem5t ( le>n+1 by secur+ ! copies ( ,maps1 ,*>ts & ,books to ! ,au?ors & ,proprietors ( su* copies1 dur+ ! times !re9 m5tion$1 & ext5d+ ! b5efits !re( to ! arts ( design+1 engrav+ & et*+ hi/orical & o!r pr9ts4 ,,samuel ,,cu%man1 ,cl]k ( ! ,di/rict ( ,new-,hamp%ire4 ,a true copy ( record3-- ,atte/1 ,,samuel ,,cu%man1 ,cl]k4 ,,adv]tisem5t4 ,x is n s mu* ! object ( ! au?or1 ) reg>d to ! v>i\s arts treat$ ( 9 ! foll[+ pages1 to convey to pr(ess$ arti/s1 a m accurate & ext5sive k ( ^? arts1 z to expla9 "s ( ! fir/ l9es & pr9ciples ( !m1 = ! advantage ( ^?1 :o may be induc$ to practice !m occasionally1 ei!r = pr(it or amusem5t4 ,! *emical exp]im5ts are su* z are calculat$ to comb9e recreation1 ) improvem5t 9 useful k--a k ( "s ( ! lead+ pr9ciples ( *emi/ry4--,! true *emical t]ms1 accord+ to ! new nom5clature 7:i*1 p]haps1 may n be s readily und]/ood1 by "s1 z ! m common & famili> names1 b w be f\nd suffici5tly expla9$ 9 ! app5dix7 h1 9 ?is "w1 be5 appli$ to ! v>i\s articles occasionally m5tion$4 ,v few sub/ances h be5 m5tion$1 :i* are g5]ally consid]$ poison\s1 or o!rwise dang]\s2 b x may be prop]1 h[ev]1 = ^? :o may attempt any ( ! *emical exp]im5ts1 to proce$ ) caution1 & c>efully avoid ! fumes produc$ by *emical action1 especially 9 metallic solutions 9 nitric acid1 & sublimation ( m]cury4 ,sev]al articles 9 ?is little collection1 w probably be f\nd to conta9 "s improvem5ts1 & if x prove z int]e/+ to o!rs1 z a simil> "w w\ld =m]ly h be5 to ! au?or1 8 object w h be5 atta9$4 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts4 ,page4 #a4 ,wat]-pro( gild+ & silv]+1 #i #b4 ,! art ( burni% gild+1 #aa #c4 ,ornam5tal bronze gild+1 #ac #d4 ,to enamel picture glasses ) gold1 #ae #e4 ,to wa% iron or /eel ) gold1 #ae #f4 ,to wa% brass or copp] ) silv]1 #af #g4 ,to give wood a gold1 silv]1 or copp] lu/re1 #ag #h4 ,to pr9t gold lett]s on morocco1 #ah #i4 ,to dye silk a brilliant gold col\r1 #ah #aj4 ,to dye silk a brilliant silv] col\r1 #ai #aa4 ,to silv] look+ glasses1 #bj #ab4 ,to write on pap] ) gold or silv]1 #bb #ac4 ,to make good %9+ black ink1 #bc #ad4 ,blue ink1 #bc #ae4 ,r$ ink1 #bd #af4 ,yell[ ink1 #bd #ag4 ,gre5 ink1 #be #ah4 ,purple ink1 #be #ai4 ,to write 9 v>i\s col\rs ) ! same p51 ink & pap]4 #be #bj-bf4 ,sympa!tic inks = secret correspond5ce1 #bg #bg4 ,lum9\s ink t w %9e 9 ! d>k1 #bh #bh4 ,to make a writ+ appe> & disappe> at pleasure1 #bi #bi4 ,to make a writ+ vani% & ano!r appe> 9 its place1 #bi #cj4 ,to re/ore old writ+ t is ne>ly defac$1 #cj #ca4 ,to pa9t a picture t w appe> & disappe> occasionally1 #cj #cb4 ,l&scape pa9t+ on walls ( rooms1 #ca #cc4 ,to pa9t 9 figures = c>pets or bord]s1 #cd #cd4 ,to pa9t 9 imitation ( mahogany & maple1 #ce #ce4 ,! art ( pa9t+ on glass1 #cf #cf4 ,be/ me?od ( poli%+ /eel1 #cg #cg4 ,to make lett]s ( blue on poli%$ /eel1 #ch #ch4 ,to pres]ve ! brightness ( poli%$ /eel1 #ci #ci4 ,to give /eel a temp] to cut m>ble1 #dj #dj4 ,to wa% iron or /eel ) copp]1 #da #da4 ,to give iron ! :it5ess ( silv]1 #db #db4 ,to wa% iron ) t91 #db #dc4 ,to give t9 ! :it5ess & brilliancy ( silv]1 #dd #dd4 ,to cry/allize t91 #dd #de4 ,to make a gold col\r$ v>ni% = t91 #de #df4 ,to make %ellac v>ni% = japann+1 #df #dg4 ,to make ! be/ copal v>ni%1 #dg #dh4 ,to make a _s v>ni% = maps1 #dh #di4 ,to make ela/ic v>ni% = umbrellas1 #di #ej4 ,to v>ni% maps & pictures1 #di #ea4 ,to make brunswick black+1 #ej #eb4 ,to make a pr9t appe> on a gold gr\nd1 #ea #ec4 ,be/ me?od ( trac+ or copy+ a picture1 #eb #ed4 ,! con/ruction & use ( a copy+ ma*9e1 #ec #ee4 ,to produce ! exact lik5ess ( any object in/antly1 #ed #ef4 ,copp] plate engrav+1 #eg #eg4 ,et*+ on copp] plates1 #fj #eh4 ,engrav+ & scrap+ 9 mezzot9to1 #fc #ei4 ,et*+ 9 aqua-t9ta1 #fd #fj4 ,copp] plate pr9t+1 #fe #fa4 ,et*+ lett]s & fl[]s on glass1 #fg #fb4 ,to pr9t figures ) a smoo? /one1 #fh #fc4 ,to cut glass ) a piece ( iron1 #fi #fd4 ,be/ cem5t = jo9+ glass1 #gj #fe4 ,be/ cem5t = jo9+ *9a or crock]y1 #gj #ff4 ,to make a /rong wat] pro( glue1 #ga #fg4 ,! art ( m\ld+ figures 9 relief1 #gb #fh4 ,to ca/ images 9 pla/]1 #gc #fi4 ,to produce emboss$ lett]s on m>ble1 #gd #gj4 ,to s(t5 /one1 #ge #ga4 ,to *ange wood1 app>5tly1 to /one1 #gf #gb4 ,to r5d] wood1 clo? or pap]1 fire pro( #gg #gc-ge4 ,to produce fire readily1 #gg #gf4 ,to make sup]-combu/ible mat*es1 #gh #gg4 ,to make gun p[d]1 #gi #gh4 ,to make ! common fulm9at+ p[d]1 #hj #gi4 ,to make m]curial fulm9at+ p[d]1 #hj #hj4 ,to k9dle a fire "u wat]1 #hb #ha4 ,to light a c&le by application ( ice1 #hb #hb4 ,to =m lett]s or fl[]s ( real flame1 #hc #hc4 ,to produce flame ( v>i\s col\rs1 #hd #hd4 ,to make sky rockets & fire :eels1 #he #he4 ,to produce detonat+ balloons1 #hg #hf4 ,to prep>e a phial t w give light 9 ! d>k1 #hi #hg4 ,to make a p]son's face appe> lum9\s 9 ! d>k1 #hi #hh4 ,to freeze wat] 9 w>m wea!r1 #ij #hi4 ,to *ange ! col\rs ( animals1 #ia #ij4 ,to give lea!r a beautiful metallic lu/re1 #ib #ia4 ,an easy me?od ( extract+ ! ess5ce ( roses1 #ib #ib4 ,to prep>e v>i\s k9ds ( ess5ces1 #ic #ic4 ,to prep>e soda wat]1 #id #id-ie4 ,to produce metallic trees1 #ie #if4 ,to t9 copp] by boil+1 #if #ig4 ,a metal t w melt 9 hot wat]1 #if #ih4 ,illu/ration ( calico pr9t+1 #if #ii4 ,to prep>e an imitation ( gold bronze1 #ii #ajj4 ,to procure ! exhil>at+ gas1 #ii #aja4 ,con/ruction ( ! galvanic pile or batt]y1 #aja #ajb4 ,con/ruction ( ! oxy-hydrog5 bl[-pipe1 #ajb #ajc4 ,to make a dry phosphoresc5t p[d]1 #ajd #ajd4 ,curi\s exp]im5t ( precipitation1 #aje #aje4 ,to make a beautiful s(t glass = jewelry1 #aje #ajf4 ,composition ( v>i\s k9ds ( glass1 #ajf #ajg4 ,composition ( v>i\s alloys1 #ajg #ajh4 ,to produce v>i\s k9ds ( gas1 #ajh #aji4 ,v>i\s *emical te/s1 #aaj #aaj4 ,to produce a picture in/antly1 #aaa #aaa4 ,a *eap imitation ( silv] bronze1 #aab #aab4 ,to make crayons ( v>i\s col\rs1 #aac #aac4 ,to make h>d seal+ wax1 #aae #aad4 ,! art ( manufactur+ pap] hang+s1 #aaf #aae4 ,to make ela/ic black+ = lea!r1 #aah #aaf4 ,sundry exp]im5ts1 #aai ,,curi\s ,,arts4 #a4 ,,wat]-,,pro( ,,gild+ ,,& ,,silv]+4--,?is k9d ( gild+1 usually t]m$ oil gild+1 be+ ! *eape/ & mo/ durable1 is 9 g5]al use = gild+ or silv]+ lett]s on signs1 labels1 c4 & may be p]=m$ z foll[s3--,gr9d "o ounce ( :ite lead & two ounces ( li?>ge1 v f9e1 9 a gill ( old l9se$ oil1 & if conv5i5t1 add ne>ly "o-f\r? ( a gill ( old copal v>ni%1 & half an ounce ( /one yell[2 b nei!r ( ^! la/1 are v ess5tial +r$i5ts4 ,expose ?is composition to ! rays ( ! sun = a week or m 9 a broad op5 vessel1 obs]v+1 h[ev]1 to keep x free f du/4 ,!n p\r (f ! f9e/ "p1 & dilute x ) z mu* spirits ( turp5t9e z w make x "w freely ) a bru% or camel-hair p5cil4 7,oil t w answ] exce$+ly well = ?is purpose1 may sometimes be collect$ f ! top ( oil pa9ts t h be5 long /&+1 & may be us$ directly1 )\t be+ expos$ to ! sun z direct$ above47 ,:atev] lett]s or figures y w\ld gild1 mu/ be fir/ drawn or pa9t$ ) ?is siz+1 ! gr\nd hav+ be5 previ\sly pa9t$ & v>ni%$2 & :5 ! siz+ is s dry z to be h>d1 b yet rema9s slightly adhesive1 or /icky1 lay on gold or silv] leaves smoo?ly ov] ! :ole1 press+ !m d[n g5tly ) a s(t ball ( cotton4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t mann] ( p]=m+ ?is1 is to lay ! leaves ( gold or silv]1 fir/ on a piece ( de]-sk9 or glove-lea!r1 & cut !m into pieces ( a conv5i5t size1 by draw+ a smoo? 7n %>p7 edg$ knife ov] !m4 ,!n take a small block ( wood1 ( a triangul> =m1 ab\t half an in* ?ick1 & two in*es 9 diamet]1 & b9d a /rip ( f9e flannel r\nd ! edges2--brea! on ?is1 & press x g5tly on a piece ( ! leaf1 :i* by ?is may be tak5 f ! lea!r1 & c>ri$ to any "p ( ! siz+ :]e x w be/ fit1 & to :i* x w readily adh]e3 ?us ! siz+ may be readily cov]$ ) ! leaf1 v little ( :i* w be wa/$4 ,aft]w>d ! :ole may be bru%$ ov] lightly ) cotton1 or a s(t bru%1 & ! sup]flu\s gold or silv] w be bru%$ (f1 leav+ ! lett]s or figures entire4 ,:5 ! "w has ?us rema9$ two or ?ree days1 x may be rubb$ ) a piece ( silk1 :i* w increase its metallic lu/re4 ,note4--,x is v ess5tial t ! v>ni% ( ! gr\nd %\ld be ?or\ghly dry1 t x may n be adhesive 9 ! lea/ degree1 o!rwise ! leaf w /ick :]e x %\ld n1 & mat]ially injure ! "w4 ,:5 pla9 gild+ is requir$ = vanes1 balls1 c4 ! leaves ( gold or silv] may be appli$ to ! "w directly f ! book1 )\t cutt+ or divid+ !m4 #b4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,burni% ,,gild+4--,make a siz+ by boil+ ! sk9s ( beav] & musk rats1 7:i* may be readily procur$ at a hat manufactory17 9 wat]1 till x is ( suffici5t /r5g? t by cool+ x w become a /iff jelly2 /ra9 ! liquor :ile w>m1 & give y\r "w "o coat ( x ) a bru%2 :5 ?is is dry1 add a little f9e :it+ to ! siz+1 & give ! "w "o coat ( ?is4 ,!n add z mu* :it+ z w "w freely "u ! bru%1 & lay on five or six coats ( ?is1 all[+ ea* a suffici5t "t to dry4 ,smoo? ! "w by wett+ x1 & rubb+ x ) a piece ( pumice /one1 :i* %\ld be previ\sly cut & fitt$ to ! m\ld+ or o!r "w t is to be gilt2 aft]w>d1 :5 ! "w is dry1 rub x ) "s f9e s& pap]4 ,!n take "s burni%-gold-size 7:i* is compos$ ( pipe-clay1 plumbago1 beef tall[ & ca/ile soap1 b may be easily procur$ ready made17 & dilute x ) wat] till x is ( ! consi/5ce ( v s(t putty1 & aft]w>d ) ! above m5tion$ siz+ till x w fl[ freely f a bru%1 & give ! "w ?ree successive coats ( ?is2 :5 ! la/ is dry1 dip a camel-hair p5cil 9 a mixture ( equal quantities ( rum & wat]1 & ) x wet a small "p ( ! "w1 & imm$iately1 :ile x is fl[+1 lay on a leaf ( gold1 bru%+ x d[n ) a v s(t1 flat camel-hair bru%1 ) :i* also1 ! leaf is usually convey$ f ! book to ! siz+2 proce$ ?us till ! :ole is gilt1 & let x dry4 ,:5 ! "w is suffici5tly dry to take a fair poli% by burni%+1 7:i* c be only asc]ta9$ by apply+ ! burni%] to diff]5t p>ts ( ! "w occasionally :ile x is dry+17 rub ov] ! :ole c>efully ) a fl9t burni%]1 or ) ! too? ( a wolf or dog1 be+ fix$ 9 a conv5i5t h&le1 till ! :ole acquires a brilliant poli%1 except su* p>ts z are requir$ to rema9 9 a r\gh-gilt /ate1 :i* p>ts are usually flatt$ by a coat ( ?9 siz+4 ,su* are ! pr9cipal rules ( ! art ( burni% gild+2 b z ?is bus9ess requires "s v>iation ( managem5t1 accord+ to ! /ate ( ! wea!r & o!r circum/ances1 x may n be expect$ t any p]son %\ld become v exp]t 9 ! art1 )\t ! advantage ( "s exp]i5ce & practice4 #c4 ,,ornam5tal ,,bronze ,,gild+4--,?is is p]=m$ by means ( gold or silv]1 r$uc$ to an impalpable p[d]1 call$ bronze4 ,"o me?od ( prep>+ x1 is to levigate any quantity ( gold or silv] leaves on a /one1 ) "s cl>ifi$ honey2 dilute ! honey ) cle> wat]1 t ! bronze may settle2 p\r (f ! wat] & honey1 & add fre% wat] to ! bronze1 :i*1 aft] be+ ?us ?or\ghly wa%$1 may be dri$ on pap]1 & is ready = use4 ,ano!r me?od ( prep>+ ! gold bronze1 is to precipitate ! gold f its solution 9 nitro-muriatic acid1 7see #e17 by add+ sulphate ( iron to ! solution2--!n wa%+ x1 z direct$ above4 ,b 9 g5]al x w be f\nd mu* *eap] to buy ! bronze ready prep>$4 ,! gr\nd = ?is "w mu/ be v>ni%$ ) a mixture ( copal v>ni%1 ) an equal quantity ( old l9se$ oil2 & :atev] figures are to be =m$ 9 bronz+1 mu/ be repres5t$ by holes cut ?r\gh pieces ( pap]4 ,lay ^! patt]ns on ! "w1 :5 ! v>ni% is s dry z to be b slightly adhesive1 b n press !m d[n any m ?an is requisite to keep ! pap] 9 its place4 ,!n take a piece ( s(t glove-lea!r1 moi/5 x a little by brea?+ on x1 & dip x 9 "s dry bronze1 & apply x to ! figures1 beg9n+ at ! edges2--tap ! figure g5tly ) ! lea!r1 & ! bronze w /ick to ! v>ni% accord+ to ! patt]n4 ,?us any figure may be produc$ 9 a v>iety ( %ades1 by apply+ ! bronze m freely to "s p>ts ( ! "w ?an to o!rs4 ,if "s int]nal p>ts ( ! figures require to be m di/9ct ?an o!rs1 !y may be wr\ght by _! peculi> patt]ns1 or may be edg$ ) d>k col\r$ pa9t4 ,9 "s "w x may be well to ext5d ! v>ni% no f>!r ?an ! int5d$ figures1 9 :i* case1 any project+ or bran*+ p>ts ( ! figures1 may be drawn ) a camel-hair p5cil1 & ! patt]ns may 9 "s measure be disp5s$ )4 ,9 ei!r case1 ! "w mu/ aft]w>ds h "o or m coats ( copal or %ellac v>ni%4 #d4 ,,to ,,enamel ,,picture ,,glasses ,,) ,,gold4--,! glass mu/ fir/ be wa%$ p]fectly clean & dri$2 !n damp x by brea?+ on x1 or wet x ) ! tongue1 & imm$iately lay on a leaf ( gold1 & bru% x d[n smoo?4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 draw any lett]s or fl[]s on ! gold ) ,brunswick black+1 7see #ea7 & :5 dry1 ! sup]flu\s gold may be bru%$ (f ) cotton1 leav+ ! figures entire4 ,aft]w>d ! :ole may be cov]$ ) black+1 or pa9t$ 9 any col\r1 :ile ! gold figures w appe> to advantage on ! opposite side ( ! glass4 ,?is "w may be elegantly %ad$ by scrat*+ ?r\gh ! gold ) a small /eel in/rum5t1 79 ! end ( :i* _m %>p po9ts are =m$17 previ\s to lay+ on ! black+4 ,oil pa9ts ( any k9d may be sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( ! black+1 b w n dry s quick4 #e4 ,,to ,,wa% ,,iron ,,or ,,/eel ,,) ,,gold4--,mix toge!r 9 a phial1 "o "p ( nitric acid1 ) two p>ts ( muriatic acid1 & add z mu* f9e gold z ! acid w dissolve4 ,= ?is purpose gold leaf is ! mo/ conv5i5t1 z x w be ! mo/ readily dissolv$4 7,?is solution is call$ ! nitro-muriate ( gold47 ,p\r ov] ?is solution1 cauti\sly1 ab\t half z mu* sulphuric e!r2--%ake ! mixture1 & !n all[ x to settle4 ,! e!r w take ! gold f ! acid1 & w sep>ate itself f x also1 & =m an upp] /ratum 9 ! phial4 ,c>efully p\r (f ?is aurif]\s e!r into ano!r phial1 & cork x close4 ,wa% any piece ( /eel or iron ) ?is e!r1 & imm$iately plunge x 9 cold wat]1 & x w h acquir$ a coat ( pure gold4 ,) ?is also1 any fl[]s or lett]s may be drawn or writt51 ev5 ) a p51 & w appe> p]fectly gilt4 ,! /eel or iron %\ld aft]w>d be heat$ z mu* z x w be> )\t *ang+ col\r1 & if ! /eel be previ\sly poli%$1 ! beauty ( ! gild+ may be mu* increas$ by burni%+ ) a cornelian or blood /one4 #f4 ,,to ,,wa% ,,brass ,,or ,,copp] ,,) ,,silv]4--,to half an ounce ( nitric acid 9 a phial1 add "o ounce ( wat]1 & "o f\r? ( an ounce ( good silv]4 ,x w soon be dissolv$1 & if ! acid & metal are bo? pure1 ! solution1 7:i* is call$ nitrate ( silv]7 w be transp>5t & col\rless4 ,add to ?is a solution ( ne>ly two dra*ms ( muriate ( soda1 9 any quantity ( wat]2 ?is w precipitate ! silv] 9 a :ite opaque mass4 ,p\r (f ! wat] ) ! acid1 & add to ! silv] an equal quantity ( sup]-t>trate ( potass1 ?us =m+ a s(t pa/e2--dip a piece ( s(t lea!r 9 8 pa/e1 & rub x on ! metal to be silv]$2 cont9ue rubb+ x till x is ne>ly dry2 !n wa% x ) wat]1 & poli% by rubb+ x h>d ) a piece ( dry lea!r4 ,ano!r me?od is1 to add sub-c>bonate ( potass to ! nitrate ( silv]1 z long z ebulition ensues2 !n ! acid is p\r$ (f1 & ! precipitate1 7:i* is :ite at fir/1 b becomes gre5 :5 dry17 is mix$ ) d\ble its quantity ( muriate ( soda1 & sup]-t>trate ( potass4 ,) ?is composition1 be+ moi/5$1 ! metal is rubb$ ov]1 c4 #g4 ,,to ,,give ,,wood ,a ,,gold1 ,,silv]1 ,,or ,,copp] ,,lu/re4--,gr9d ab\t two ounces ( :ite bea* s& 9 a gill ( wat]1 9 :i* half an ounce ( gum-arabic has be5 dissolv$1 & bru% ov] ! "w ) x4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 ! "w may be rubb$ ov] ) a piece ( gold1 silv] or copp]1 & w 9 a measure1 assume _! respective col\rs & brilliancy4 ,?is "w may be poli%$ by a fl9t burni%]1 b %\ld n be v>ni%$4 #h4 ,,to ,,pr9t ,,gold ,,lett]s ,,on ,,morocco4--,fir/ wet ! morocco ) ! :ites ( eggs2 :5 ?is is dry1 rub ! "w ov] ) a little olive oil1 & lay on gold leaves4 ,!n take "s common pr9t+ types1 & heat !m to ! temp]ature ( boil+ wat]1 & impress ! lett]s on ! gold2--rub ! :ole ) a piece ( flannel1 & ! sup]flu\s gold w come (f1 leav+ ! lett]s h&somely gilt4 ,ano!r me?od is1 to /rew p[d]$ ros9 ov] ! morocco previ\s to lay+ on ! leaf2 ! heat ( ! types melts ! ros91 :i* occasions ! gold to adh]e 9 ! impressions1 :ile ! o!r may be bru%$ (f4 #i4 ,,to ,,dye ,,silk ,a ,,brilliant ,,gold ,,col\r4--,take any quantity ( nitro-muriate ( gold1 7see #e7 & evaporate by expos+ x to a g5tle heat 9 a glass tumbl] or phial2 ! gold w =m itself 9 cry/als on ! bottom & sides ( ! vessel2 collect ^! cry/als & dissolve !m 9 t5 times _! weight ( pure wat]4 ,!n put a gill ( wat] into a common flask1 & add "o ounce ( granulat$ z9c1 & "o-f\r? ( an ounce ( sulphuric acid4 ,hydrog5 gas w be evolv$1 & rise ?r\gh ! neck ( ! flask1 :i* mu/ n be /opp$4 ,imm]se a piece ( :ite silk 9 ! above m5tion$ aque\s solution ( gold1 & expose x1 :ile wet1 to ! curr5t ( gas z x rises f ! flask2 ! gold w soon be reviv$1 & ! silk w become beautifully & p]man5tly gilt4 ,any lett]s or fl[]s may be drawn on ! silk ) a camel-hair p5cil dipp$ 9 ! solution1 & on be+ expos$ to ! action ( ! gas1 w be reviv$ & %9e ) metallic brilliancy4 ,note4--,! silk mu/ be kept moi/ ) wat] till ! gold is reviv$4 ,z9c may be prep>$ = ! above purpose1 by melt+ x1 & /irr+ x cont9ually ) a /ick or iron rod :ile x is cool+2 or x may be pulv]iz$ ) a hamm] z soon z x becomes solid4 #aj4 ,,to ,,dye ,,silk ,a ,,brilliant ,,silv] ,,col\r4--,proce$ z direct$ 9 ! la/ exp]im5t1 only use ! nitrate ( silv]1 7see #f7 in/ead ( nitro-muriate ( gold4 ,! process ( cry/aliz+1 re-dissolv+1 c4 is ! same4 ,b ! cry/als ( silv] diff] 9 col\r1 be+ :ite1 :]eas ^? produc$ f gold are yell[4 ,if a j>1 or box be fill$ ) hydrog5 gas1 & ! silk susp5d$ 9 x1 ! action ( ! gas1 & consequ5tly ! revivification ( ! metals w be m uni=m4 ,= small figures1 h[ev]1 x may be z well to fix a /opp] 9 ! flask1 hav+ a small orifice ?r\gh x1 t ! gas may be ?r[n ) "s =ce on ! silk1 & w h a m c]ta9 effect4 ,a solution ( muriate ( t9 may be manag$ 9 a simil> mann]1 b none ( ^! solutions c be ?us reviv$ on pap]4 #aa4 ,,to ,,silv] ,,look+ ,,glasses4--,lay on a smoo? bo>d1 a piece ( s(t de]-sk9 lea!r1 r l>g] ?an ! glass t is to be silv]$2 & on ! lea!r1 hav+ spr9kl$ a little f9e :it+1 spread a piece ( t9 foil ( ! same size4 ,p\r on a few drops ( m]cury1 & bru% x ov] ! t9 ) a smoo? bru%1 till e "p ( ! t9 becomes bright4 ,!n add z mu* m]cury z w lay on ! t91 & ^u ?is lay ! glass to be silv]$3 on ! glass lay ano!r piece ( lea!r1 ( ! same size1 & on t ano!r bo>d4--,take up ! bo>ds ) ! glass1 & press+ ! bo>ds toge!r1 turn !m ) ! glass1 ! o!r side up2 take (f ! upp] bo>d1 & pass ! glass ) ! t9 & lea!r1 betwe5 two roll]s1 simil> to ^? ( a roll+ press1 = copp]-plate pr9t+2 ?us to press out ! m]cury f betwe5 ! t9 & ! glass4 ,!n place ! glass betwe5 ! bo>ds aga9 z be=e1 & place a heavy weight 7:i* _c be too heavy1 unless x breaks ! glass7 on ! upp] bo>d1 :i* mu/ rema9 two or ?ree days4 ,! glass may !n be tak5 up4 ,! practice ( "s is1 to lay ?9 pap] on ! m]cury previ\s to lay+ on ! glass2 ?is pap]1 be+ c>efully drawn out1 aft] ! glass is laid on1 s]ves to remove ! sup]flu\s m]cury1 t ! t9 may come m ne>ly 9 contact ) ! glass4 ,9 ?is case1 no roll]s are us$4 ,concave or o!r fancy glasses may be silv]$1 by mak+ an impression ) ! glass1 9 a k9d ( putty1 made ( f9e sulphate ( lime & wat]2 & plac+ ! glass 9 ! impression aga9 ) ! t9 foil & m]cury1 :5 ! pla/] is dry1 & subject+ x to pressure two or ?ree days 9 t situation4 ,! exp]im5t ( silv]+ glass may be p]=m$ by rubb+ a drop ( m]cury on a small piece ( t9 foil1 & press+ x ^u a piece ( glass ) ! f+]1 or a piece ( s(t lea!r4 ,9 ?is case1 ! glass w h acquir$ ! reflective prop]ty ( a mirror2 & if a simil> pressure be cont9u$ a few h\rs1 ! t9 w adh]e p]man5tly4 #ab4 ,,to ,,write ,,on ,,pap] ,,) ,,gold ,,or ,,silv]4--,make a siz+ z /rong z w fl[ freely f ! p51 by dissolv+ equal quantities ( gum-arabic & loaf sug> 9 wat]2 write ) ?is on pap] & let x dry2 !n moi/5 ! pap] by brea?+ on x1 or by hold+ x ov] hot wat]1 & imm$iately lay pieces ( gold or silv] leaf on ! l9es ( ! writ+1 press+ !m d[n g5tly ) a dry hair p5cil4 ,o!rwise1 bru% gold or silv] bronze lightly ov] ! writ+2 b ?is w n h s brilliant an appe>ance4 ,all[ ! siz+ to dry aga91 & !n bru% (f ! r$undant gold or silv] ) cotton4 ,?is writ+1 7if p]=m$ ) leaf gold or silv]7 may be burni%$ ) a fl9t burni%] or a cornelian or blood-/one4 ,gold lett]s may also be writt5 or drawn ) a hair p5cil by means ( gold bronze1 mix$ ) weak gum-wat]1 to :i* may be add$ a little solution ( soap1 :i* w make x run m freely4 ,b no prep>ation ( solution ( gold has yet be5 discov]$1 :i* may be easily reviv$ on pap]4 #ac4 ,,to ,,make ,,good ,,%9+ ,,black ,,ink4--,take two ounces ( nut-galls 9 co>se p[d]2 "o ounce ( logwood 9 ?9 *ips2 "o ounce ( sulphate ( iron2 ?ree-f\r?s ( an ounce ( gum-arabic2 "o-f\r? ( an ounce ( sulphate ( copp]2 & "o-f\r? ( an ounce ( loaf sug>4 ,boil ! galls & logwood toge!r 9 ?ree p9ts ( wat]1 till ! quantity is r$uc$ to "o half4 ,!n ! liquor mu/ be /ra9$ ?r\gh a flannel into a prop] vessel1 & ! rema9d] ( ! +r$i5ts be add$ to x4 ,! mixture is !n to be frequ5tly /irr$ till ! :ole is dissolv$2 aft] :i* x mu/ be left at re/ = tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,! ink may !n be decant$ f ! gross s$im5t1 & mu/ be pres]v$ 9 a glass bottle well cork$4 #ad4 ,,blue ,,ink4--,dissolve "o ounce ( gum-arabic 9 a p9t ( wat]4 ,9 a "p ( ?is gum-wat]1 gr9d a small quantify ( be/ prussian blue2 y may ?us br+ x to any dep? ( col\r y *oose4 ,indigo w answ] ?is purpose v well1 b is n s f9e a col\r1 nor w x rema9 susp5d$ s uni=mly 9 ! wat]4 #ae4 ,,r$ ,,ink4--,9 ! above m5tion$ gum-wat]1 gr9d v f9e1 ?ree p>ts ( v]million ) "o ( lake or c>m9e4 ,?is is a v p]fect col\r1 b may require to be %ak5 up occasionally4 ,to make ! common r$ ink1 su* z is us$ by book b9d]s = rul+1 c4 infuse half a p\nd ( rasp$ brazil-wood1 = two or ?ree days 9 a p9t ( v9eg>2 !n filt] or /ra9 x1 & add "o ounce ( gum-arabic1 & "o ounce ( alum4 ,x may aft]w>d be dilut$ occasionally ) wat]4 #af4 ,,yell[ ,,ink4--,/eep "o ounce ( turm]ic1 9 p[d]1 9 half a gill ( alcohol2 let x re/ tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & !n add an equal quantity ( wat]2--?r[ ! :ole on a clo?1 & express ! col\r$ liquor1 :i* mix ) gum-wat]4 ,rum or o!r spirits may be sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( alcohol4 ,a solution ( gamboge 9 wat]1 writes a full yell[1 b comes f> %ort ( turm]ic 9 brightness4 #ag4 ,,gre5 ,,ink4--,to ! t9cture ( turm]ic1 prep>$ z above1 add a little prussian blue4 ,a v>iety ( t9ts may be =m$1 by v>y+ ! proportions ( ^! two +r$i5ts1 & no artificial col\r c excel x 9 beauty4 #ah4 ,,purple ,,ink4--,to ! blue ink1 describ$ at #ad1 add "s f9ely gr\nd lake2 or in/ead ( ?is1 ! express$ juice ( ! deepe/ col\r$ beets may be sub/itut$1 b is m liable to fade4 ,) ei!r ( ^! a v>iety ( t9ts may be =m$1 by v>y+ ! proportions4 #ai4 ,,to ,,write ,,9 ,,v>i\s ,,col\rs ,,) ,,! ,,same ,,p51 ,,ink ,,& ,,pap]4--,take a %eet ( :ite pap]1 & wet "s p>ts ( x ) a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 :i* mu/ be dilut$ ) wat] s z n to appe> on ! pap] :5 dry4 ,wet "s o!r p>ts ) dilut$ muriatic acid1 or ) juice ( lemons4--,"s o!r p>ts may be wet ) a dilute solution ( alum2 & o!rs ) an infusion ( nut-galls 7wat] 9 :i* bruis$ or pulv]iz$ nut-galls h be5 /eep$47 ,none ( ^! prep>ations mu/ be s /rong z to col\r ! pap] any4 ,:5 ^! are dry1 take "s f9ely p[d]$ sulphate ( iron1 & rub x lightly on "s p>ts ( ! pap]1 t h be5 wet ) ! sub-c>bonate ( potass1 & infusion ( galls4 ,!n ) ! juice ( violets1 or ( ! leaves ( r$ cabbage1 write on ! pap] z usual ) a p54 ,! ink is1 ( itself1 a fa9t purple2 :]e ! pap] 0 wet ) acid1 ! writ+ w be bright r$2 on ! sub-c>bonate ( potass1 x w take a beautiful gre52 on ! alum x w be br[n2 on ! sub-c>bonate ( potass t 0 rubb$ ) p[d]$ sulphate ( iron1 x w be deep yell[2 & on ! infusion ( galls t 0 rubb$ ) ! p[d]1 x w be black4--,! juice ( violets w sometimes take a brilliant yell[ on ! alkali if x be v /rong4 ,! juice ( violets or r$ cabbage may be kept a long "t by means ( ! addition ( a few drops ( alcohol2 or ! leaves may be dry$ by ! fire1 & ?us may be kept ready = use2 & x is only requisite to /eep !m 9 hot wat]1 9 ord] to prep>e ! ink at any "t4 ,note4--,! yell[ ink1 describ$ at #af1 writes a full r$ :]e ! pap] has be5 wet ) ! solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass2 :ile ! solution ( sulphate ( iron1 :i* has no col\r ( itself1 writes a deep yell[ on ! alkali1 & black on ! infusion ( galls4 #bj4 ,,sympa!tic ,,inks ,,= ,,secret ,,correspond5ce4--,process #a4--;,dissolve muriate ( ammonia 9 wat]1 & write2--! writ+ w be invisible4 ,:5 y w\ld make ! writ+ appe>1 heat ! pap] by ! fire1 & ! writ+ w become black4 #ba4 ,process #b4--,write ) a solution ( sulphate ( iron--! writ+ w be invisible4 ,dip a fea!r 9 an infusion ( nut-galls1 & ) x wet ! pap]1 & ! writ+ w become black4 #bb4 ,process #c4--,write ) a dilute infusion ( galls1--x w be invisible4 ,dip a fea!r 9 a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 & moi/5 ! pap] ) x & ! writ+ w become black4 #bc4 ,process #d4--,write ) a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass2 wet ?is writ+ ) a solution ( sulphate ( iron1--x w take a deep yell[ col\r4 #bd4 ,process #e4--,write ) a solution ( sulphate ( copp]1--no writ+ w be visible4 ,wa% ! pap] ) a solution ( prussiate ( potass1--! writ+ w !n get a r$di% br[n col\r4 #be4 ,process #f4--,write ) a solution ( sup]-c>bonate ( soda2--moi/5 ! pap] ) a solution ( sulphate ( copp]1 & ! writ+ w become gre54 #bf4 ,process #g4--,write ) dilut$ nitrate ( silv]1 & let ! writ+ dry 9 ! d>k--x w be invisible2 b expose ! pap] to ! rays ( ! sun1 & ! writ+ w become black4 #bg4 ,,lum9\s ,,ink ,,t ,,w ,,%9e ,,9 ,,! ,,d>k4--,to half an ounce ( ess5tial oil ( c9namon1 9 a phial1 add half a dra*m ( phosphorus4 ,cork ! phial slightly1 & set x1 or susp5d x ne> a fire1 :]e ! heat may be ne>ly equal to boil+2 cont9ue ! heat f\r or five h\rs1 %ak+ ! phial frequ5tly1 b cauti\sly le/ any ( ! oil %\ld escape1 or come 9 contact ) atmosph]ic air1 9 :i* case x w\ld take fire4 ,! cork %\ld be set suffici5tly tight to exclude atmosph]ic air1 b n s z to prev5t ! escape ( any vap\r t might be produc$ by excess ( heat4 ,! phial may be aft]w>d remov$ f ! fire & suff]$ to cool4 ,) ?is phosphoris$ oil1 any lett]s may be writt5 on pap]1 & if c>ri$ into a d>k room1 w appe> v bright1 resembl+ fire4 ,! phial %\ld be kept cork$ close1 except :5 us$4 #bh4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,writ+ ,,appe> ,,& ,,disappe> ,,at ,,pleasure4--,dissolve equal p>ts ( sulphate ( copp] & muriate ( ammonia 9 wat]1 & write4 ,:5 y w\ld make ! writ+ appe>1 w>m ! pap] g5tly by ! fire2 ! writ+ w appe> 9 a yell[ col\r2 b z soon z y take ! pap] into ! cold air1 ! writ+ w vani%4 ,?is may be (t5 repeat$4 #bi4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,writ+ ,,vani% ,,& ,,ano!r ,,appe> ,,9 ,,its ,,place4--,write on pap] ) a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1--! writ+ w be invisible4 ,mix toge!r equal p>ts ( solution ( sulphate ( iron1 & infusion ( galls2 write ) ?is mixture 7:i* is black7 on ! same pap]4 ,!n add to ! black liquor a little sulphuric acid1 suffici5t to deprive x ( col\r4 ,wet ! pap] ) ?is comp\nd2 ! acid w dis*>ge ! col\r f ! la/ writ+1 :ile ! alkali ( ! fir/1 w precipitate ! gallate ( iron1 & ! writ+ w become black4 #cj4 ,,to ,,re/ore ,,old ,,writ+ ,,t ,,is ,,ne>ly ,,defac$4--,boil "o ounce ( p[d]$ nut-galls1 = an h\r or m 9 a p9t ( :ite w9e2 filt] ! liquor1 & :5 cold1 wet ! pap] ) x1 or pass x on ! l9es ) a camel hair p5cil1 & ! writ+ w be mu* reviv$4 #ca4 ,,to ,,pa9t ,a ,,picture ,,t ,,w ,,appe> ,,& ,,disappe> ,,occasionally4--,to half an ounce ( nitric acid1 add "o dra*m ( cobalt1 "o dra*m ( muriate ( soda1 & two ounces ( wat]2 set x 9 a s& ba? or on w>m a%es1 :]e x mu/ rema9 five or six h\rs4 ,!n filt] ! solution1 7:i* is nitro-muriate ( cobalt17 & ) x draw ! trees1 & %rubb]y ( a design$ picture4 ,!n ) a solution ( oxide ( cobalt 9 acetic acid1 draw "s di/ant m\nta9s1 f5ces1 c4 & ) muriate ( copp]1 7! comp\nd solution describ$ at #bh17 draw "s fl[]s1 build+s1 c4 ,^! w all be invisible :5 dry2 b w>m ! pap] & ! picture w appe> 9 gre51 blue & yell[4 ,x w disappe> aga9 :5 ! pap] becomes cold4 #cb4 ,,l&scape ,,pa9t+ ,,on ,,walls ,,( ,,rooms4--,dissolve half a p\nd ( glue 9 a gallon ( wat]1 & ) ?is siz+1 mix :atev] col\rs may be requir$ = ! "w4 ,/rike a l9e r\nd ! room1 ne>ly brea/ high2 ?is is call$ ! horizon l9e3 pa9t ! walls f ! top to )9 six in*es ( ! horizon l9e1 ) sky blue1 7compos$ ( ref9$ :it+ & indigo1 or slip blue17 & at ! same "t1 pa9t ! space f ! horizon l9e to ! blue1 ) horizon r$1 7:it+1 col\r$ a little ) orange lead & yell[ o*re17 & :ile ! two col\rs are wet1 incorporate !m p>tially1 ) a bru%4 ,ris+ cl\ds may be repres5t$ by /rik+ ! horizon r$ col\r ^u ! blue1 be=e x is dry1 ) a l>ge bru%4 ,*ange "s sky blue ab\t two %ades ) slip blue & pa9t y\r design = riv]s1 lakes or ! ocean4 ,*ange "s sky blue "o %ade ) =e/ gre51 7slip blue & *rome yell[17 & pa9t ! mo/ di/ant m\nta9s & highl&s2 %ade !m :ile wet1 ) blue1 & height5 !m ) :ite1 obs]v+ always to height5 ! side t is t[>ds ! pr9cipal light ( ! room4 ,! upp] surface ( ! ocean mu/ be pa9t$ z high z ! horizon l9e1 & ! di/ant highl&s mu/ rise f t5 to tw5ty in*es above x4--,pa9t ! highl&s1 isl&s1 c4 ( ! second di/ance1 :i* %\ld appe> f f\r to six miles di/ant1 ) m\nta9 gre51 7two p>ts sky blue ) "o ( =e/ gre517 height5 !m1 :ile wet1 ) sulphur yell[1 7?ree p>ts :it+ ) "o ( *rome yell[17 & %ade ) blue-black1 7slip blue & lamp black equal47 ,pa9t ! l&s ( ! fir/ di/ance1 su* z %\ld appe> )9 a mile or two1 ) =e/ gre52 height5 ) *rome yell[ & %ade ) black2 occasionally incorporat+ r$ o*re1 fr5* gre5 or :it+4 ,! ne>e/ "p1 or =e gr\nd1 h[ev]1 %\ld be pa9t$ v bold ) yell[ o*re1 /one br[n1 7r$ & yell[ o*res & lamp black equal17 & black4 ,pa9t ! %ores & rocks ( ! fir/ di/ance ) /one br[n2 height5 ) horizon r$1 %ade ) black4 ,= ^? ( ! second di/ance1 ea* col\r mu/ be mix$ ) sky blue4--,! wood l&s1 h$ges & trees ( ! second di/ance are =m$ by /rik+ a small flat /iff bru% end-wise1 7:i* op]ation is call$ bu%+1 & is appli$ to ! height5+ & %ad+ all trees & %rubb]y ( any di/ance17 ) m\nta9 gre51 deep5$ a little ) slip blue2 ) :i* also ! gr\nd "w = trees ( ! fir/ di/ance is pa9t$2 & ) ?is col\r ! wat] may be %ad$ a little "u ! capes & isl&s1 ?us repres5t+ ! reflection ( ! l& 9 ! wat]4 ,trees ( ! fir/ di/ance are height5$ ) sulphur yell[ or fr5* gre52 & %ad$ ) blue-black4 ,e object mu/ be pa9t$ l>g] or small]1 accord+ to ! di/ance at :i* x is repres5t$2 ?us ! prop] height ( trees 9 ! second di/ance1 is f "o to two in*es1 & o!r objects 9 proportion4 ,^? 9 ! fir/ di/ance f six to t5 in*es g5]ally2 b ^? 9 ! =e gr\nd1 :i* are ne>e/1 are frequ5tly pa9t$ z l>ge z ! walls w admit4 ,! col\rs also = di/ant objects1 h\ses1 %ips1 c41 mu/ be v>i$1 be+ mix$ ) m or less sky blue1 accord+ to ! di/ance ( ! object4 ,by ^! means ! view w app>5tly rec$e f ! eye1 & w h a v /rik+ effect4 #cc4 ,,to ,,pa9t ,,9 ,,figures ,,= ,,c>pets ,,or ,,bord]s4--,take a %eet ( pa/ebo>d or /rong pap]1 & pa9t !reon ) a p5cil1 any fl[] or figure t w\ld be elegant = a bord] or c>pet figure2 !n ) small g\ges & *isels1 or a %>p p5 knife1 cut out ! figure completely1 t x be repres5t$ by ap]tures cut ?r\gh ! pap]4 ,lay ?is patt]n on ! gr\nd int5d$ to receive ! figure1 :e!r a floor or pa9t$ clo?1 & ) a /iff smoo? bru%1 pa9t ) a quick vibrative motion ov] ! :ole figure4--,!n take up ! pap] & y w h an entire figure on ! gr\nd4 ,note4--,if a floor is to be ?us pa9t$1 9 imitation ( a c>pet1 ! patt]n mu/ be p]fectly squ>e1 & ! figure s design$1 t :5 sev]al ( !m come toge!r1 !y may completely mat* ea* o!r2 & :5 diff]5t col\rs are us$ 9 ! same figure1 !y mu/ be kept a little sep>ate f ea* o!r1 & wr\ght ) diff]5t bru%es4 #cd4 ,,to ,,pa9t ,,9 ,,imitation ,,( ,,mahogany ,,& ,,maple4--,fir/ give ! "w "o or two coats ( /raw col\r$ pa9t1 compos$ ( :ite lead & yell[ o*re1 gr\nd 9 l9se$ oil1 to :i* may be add$ a little f9e li?>ge1 t ! pa9t may ! soon] dry2 :5 ?is is dry1 rub x smoo? ) s&-pap]4 ,!n if mahogany is to be imitat$1 /a9 ! "w ov] ) boil$ l9se$ oil1 col\r$ a little ) v5etian r$ & burnt t]ra-de-si5na1 equal quantities4 ,?is %\ld be appli$ ) a %ort /iff bru%1 & spread v ?9 t x may n run1 or drip (f4 ,!n ) t]ra-de-si5na1 gr\nd v ?ick 9 oil1 =m ! d>k %ades ( ! gra9+ accord+ to y\r design1 ) a small flat bru%4 ,= ?is purpose a common sa%-bru% may be made flat1 by hav+ a small piece ( wire1 or wood1 b\nd on ea* side ne> ! h&le4 ,"s ( ! d>k] %ades may be drawn ) burnt umb] & black1 gr\nd toge!r1 :i* may be appli$ ) a camel hair p5cil4 ,if any "p is to be made v light1 ! /a9+ may be wip$ (f c>efully ) a ball ( cotton4 ,light /ripes1 or l9es may be produc$ by draw+ a piece ( cork or s(t wood ov] ! "w1 ?us tak+ (f or remov+ ! d>k col\rs1 t ! orig9al gr\nd may appe>4--,to imitate maple1 ! "w mu/ be /a9$ ) yell[ o*re1 & burnt umb]1 gr\nd toge!r 9 boil$ oil4 ,in/ead ( burnt umb]1 t]ra-de-si5na 7unburnt7 is sometimes us$1 b z diff]5t k9ds1 or p>cels ( x1 v>y 9 col\r1 f yell[ to br[n1 x may n be dep5d$ on uni=mly4 ,! birds' eyes & curls are =m$ by remov+ ! /a9+ f ! gr\nd ) a piece ( /iff lea!r1 ! edges ( :i* are cut 9 not*es s t ! sev]al po9ts w t\* ! "w at ! same "t4 #ce4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,on ,,glass4--,if ! common cakes ( wat]-col\rs are to be us$ 9 ?is "w1 !y %\ld be mix$ ) wat] 9 :i* a little muriate ( soda has be5 dissolv$4 ,o!r pa9ts may be gr\nd 9 %ellac v>ni%2 or 9 l9se$ oil1 b ?is w n dry s quick4 ,! mo/ prop] col\rs = ?is "w1 on acc\nt ( _! transp>5cy1 are india ink1 or lamp black1 burnt umb]1 burnt t]ra-de-si5na1 lake & gamboge or *rome yell[4 ,^! mu/ be laid on v ?91 t !y may be ! m transp>5t4 ,set up ! glass on its edge1 aga9/ a w9d[1 or place a lamp on ! opposite side t ! light may %9e ?r\gh1 & ) a f9e hair p5cil1 draw ! out l9es ( y\r design on ! glass ) black2 aft]w>d %ade & pa9t x ) ! above m5tion$ col\rs1 obs]v+ to pa9t t "p ( ! "w fir/1 :i* 9 o!r pa9t+ w\ld be done la/4 ,! %ad+ may be p]=m$ by lay+ on two or m coats ( ! col\r1 :]e y want x d>k]4 ,if transp>5cy is n requir$1 a great] v>iety ( col\rs may be us$1 & laid on 9 full heavy coats4 ,any writ+ or lett]+ 9 ?is "w1 mu/ be writt5 f "r to left1 contr>y to ! usual ord]4 ,9 "s pieces1 ! body ( "s ( ! pr9cipal objects1 may be left blank1 s t by plac+ pieces ( silk or pap] ( diff]5t col\rs1 on ! opposite side ( ! glass ! picture w also appe> 9 diff]5t col\rs1 & may be *ang$ f "o col\r to ano!r at pleasure4 #cf4 ,,be/ ,,me?od ,,( ,,poli%+ ,,/eel4--,= ?is purpose a :eel mu/ be provid$ t is p]fectly r\nd1 & ! rim ( x cov]$ ) de]-sk91 or buff-lea!r4 ,! diamet] ( ! :eel1 = common purposes may be ab\t two feet2 b = poli%+ razors1 & "s o!r simil> in/rum5ts1 ! :eel %\ld n be m ?an five or six in*es 9 diamet]1 & two in*es ?ick4 ,! /eel mu/ fir/ be gr\nd smoo? z possible on a common1 or f9e gra9$ /one2 x may !n be appli$ to ! poli%+ :eel1 :i* mu/ be turn$ ) su* velocity t ! surface1 or rim1 may move at ! rate ( f =ty to sixty feet 9 a second2 & ! lea!r mu/ frequ5tly h a p[d] appli$1 call$ crocus ( iron1 :i* is prep>$ by calc9+ sulphate ( iron 9 a crucible till x becomes a f9e r$ oxide resembl+ ru/4 ,= ord9>y "w1 ! lea!r may be moi/5$ ) olive oil1 t x may ! bett] reta9 ! p[d]2 b x w give a m p]fect poli% if kept dry4 ,if any p]fectly pla9 surfaces1 su* z mirrors are to be poli%$1 !y mu/ be appli$ to ! sides ( a :eel1 & n to ! edge or rim1 9 ! mann] ( o!r "w4 #cg4 ,,to ,,make ,,lett]s ,,or ,,fl[]s ,,( ,,blue1 ,,on ,,poli%$ ,,/eel4--,hold ! /eel ov] a *>coal fire till x becomes blue2--let x cool4 ,!n ) equal p>ts ( ros9 & bees wax1 melt$ toge!r1 col\r$ a little ) lamp black1 & dilut$ ) spirits ( turp5t9e1 s z to "w freely ) a camel hair p5cil1 draw any lett]s or figures on ! /eel1 :ile x is a little w>m4 ,:5 ! /eel has become cold1 wa% x ov] ) muriatic acid1 dilut$ ) two p>ts wat]1 to "o ( acid2 ?us take (f ! blue col\r1 & !n wa% x ) cle> wat]4 ,aft]w>d ! v>ni%1 be+ w>m$ a little1 may be readily wa%$ (f ) spirits ( turp5t9e1 & ! lett]s or fl[]s w rema9 blue4 ,note4--,if lett]s are =m$ ( poli%$ /eel ) ?is v>ni%1 & ! body ( ! metal be also cov]$ ) x1 except a small space r\nd ! lett]s1 & !n ba!d ) muriatic acid1 ! space r\nd ! lett]s1 w become a dull iron col\r1 :ile ! lett]s & ! body ( ! /eel w reta9 _! poli%$ surface & brilliancy4 #ch4 ,,to ,,pres]ve ,,! ,,brightness ,,( ,,poli%$ ,,/eel4--,gr9d an ounce ( native plumbago1 7su* z is us$ = mak+ lead p5cils17 v f9e 9 a gill ( spirits ( turp5t9e2 !n add an ounce ( clean bees wax2 apply a g5tle heat1 till ! wax is melt$1 & cont9ue /irr+ x till x is ne>ly cold4 ,bru% ov] ! /eel ) ?is composition1 & :5 ! spirits h evaporat$1 rub ! "w h>d ) a piece ( glove lea!r1 & wipe (f ne>ly all ! wax1 t ! metal may reta9 its brightness4 ,?is may be appli$ to iron or /eel 9 ma*9]y1 or o!r "w1 & w be f\nd to answ] a mu* bett] purpose ?an oil1 z x is less liable to collect du/ f ! atmosph]e1 & is1 9 g5]al1 mu* m durable4 #ci4 ,,to ,,give ,,/eel ,a ,,temp] ,,to ,,cut ,,m>ble4--,no temp] c be giv5 to /eel1 9 :i* h>dness is comb9$ ) t5acity1 m ?an 9 t giv5 to files1 at ! file manufactories1 :i* is accompli%$ by ! foll[+ process4--,to boil+ wat]1 add ab\t twice z mu* f9ely gr\nd muriate ( soda1 z ! wat] w dissolve1 & z mu* rye fl\r z w1 ) ! o!r1 make a ?ick pa/e2 lay a coat ( ?is pa/e ov] ! /eel1 7:i* mu/ be gr\nd1 or fil$ previ\s to temp]+17 & subject x to a full r$ heat1 9 a fire ( *>coal1 mix$ ) ab\t a ?ird "p ( animal coal1 7coal ( bones1 horns1 lea!r1 c47 & !n sudd5ly plunge x ?ree or f\r feet deep1 9 exce$+ cold wat]4 ,by ?us imm]s+ ! /eel r deep 9 ! wat] !re is a d\ble advantage2 = ! wat] :i* becomes heat$1 by contact ) ! /eel1 w rise & its place be suppli$ cont9ually by fre% cold wat]2 & at ! same "t1 ! pressure ( ! wat] on ! coat+ ( pa/e1 w make x adh]e m closely to ! /eel :ile x is cool+4 ,! pa/e may !n be %ell$ (f1 & ! /eel w be f\nd z bright z be=e1 or at lea/1 w n h be5 ess5tially oxydiz$ by ! op]ation4 #dj4 ,,to ,,wa% ,,iron ,,or ,,/eel ,,) ,,copp]4--,dissolve sulphate ( copp] 9 wat]1 9 ! proportion ( "o to ?ree2 wa% ! iron or /eel ) x1 & x w in/antly be cov]$ ) r$uc$ copp]4 ,?is is be/ p]=m$ by apply+ ! solution ) a bru%1 :i* mu/ be foll[$ directly ) a sponge ( cle> wat]4 ,9 ?is mann] any lett]s or figures may be drawn ) a camel-hair p5cil1 or a p51 & if x be on poli%$ /eel1 ! lett]s or fl[]s w assume ! brilliancy ( ! /eel & appe> l highly poli%$ copp]4 ,x may sometimes be requisite to cleanse ! metal by wa%+ x ) dilut$ muriatic acid1 t ! copp] may adh]e ! m readily4 ,if ! /eel ?us ornam5t$1 be held ov] a *>coal fire1 ! copp] figures become blue fir/2 & :5 ! /eel becomes blue1 ! copp] takes a gold col\r2 b is re/or$ aga9 to its orig9al col\r1 by dilut$ muriatic acid4 #da4 ,,to ,,give ,,iron ,,! ,,:it5ess ,,( ,,silv]4--,to nitric acid1 dilut$ ) an equal quantity ( wat]1 add z mu* m]cury z ! acid w dissolve2 !n add to ! solution1 ?ree or f\r times z mu* wat]1 & hav+ giv5 ! iron a coat ( copp]1 z direct$ 9 ! la/ exp]im5t1 bru% x ov] 9 ! same mann] ) ! dilut$ nitrate ( m]cury2 its appe>ance w be equal1 if n sup]ior to t ( real silv]4 ,9 ?is mann] any common1 or r\gh iron "w1 may be app>5tly silv]$ at a mo/ insignificant exp5se4 #db4 ,,to ,,wa% ,,iron ,,) ,,t94--,small pieces ( iron may be t9n$1 aft] be+ fil$ bright1 by wa%+ !m ) a saturat$ solution ( muriate ( ammonia 9 wat] & dipp+ !m1 :ile moi/1 9 a vessel ( melt$ t94 ,if ! iron is ( su* =m z _c be conv5i5tly fil$1 x may be imm]s$ 9 nitric acid1 dilut$ ) z mu* wat] z acid2 :5 ! acid beg9s to act s5sibly on e "p1 x may be wa%$ ) wat]1 & !n ) ! muriate ( ammonia1 & if a little f9e ros9 be spr9kl$ on x previ\s to dipp+ x 9 ! t91 x may be an advantage4 ,! iron mu/ rema9 9 ! t9 till x becomes ne>ly z hot z ! t91 o!rwise x w be coat$ too ?ick4 ,muriatic acid may sometimes be us$1 in/ead ( muriate ( ammonia1 & if ! iron is n fil$1 x w answ] a bett] purpose4 ,! inside ( ca/ iron vessels may be t9n$ z foll[s3 ,cleanse ! iron by sc\r+ or rubb+ x ) a %>p gra9$ /one1 keep+ ! iron wet ) dilut$ nitric acid4 ,z ! mo/ prom95t p>ts ( ! iron w be fir/ bright5$ by ! /one1 ! acid w also comm5ce its action on ! same p>ts1 :i* w v mu* facilitate ! "w1 :ile ! holl[s1 & deep] p>ts ( ! surface1 w rema9 unt\*$ till ! iron is ne>ly smoo?4 ,:5 ?is is accompli%$1 wa% ! iron ) wat]1 & !n ) cle> muriatic acid2 turn ! vessel ov] to dra9 (f ! sup]flu\s acid2 !n set x upright1 & fill x ) melt$ t91 :i* mu/ be p\r$ 9 cauti\sly1 directly on ! bottom ( ! vessel fir/1 & ! /ream ( t9 increas$ till ! vessel is full2 !n p\r out ! t9 sudd5ly1 & inv]t ! vessel till x is cold4 ,%eets ( iron are t9n$1 9 ! manufactories ( t9 plate1 by imm]s+ ! %eets1 endwise1 9 a pot ( melt$ t91 ! top ( :i* is cov]$ ) ab\t two in*es dep? ( tall[4 ,?is tall[ answ]s a bett] purpose1 aft] x has become br[n by use1 ?an x does at fir/4 ,! only prep>ation ( ! iron %eets is1 to sc\r !m p]fectly clean & bright4 #dc4 ,,to ,,give ,,t9 ,,! ,,:it5ess ,,& ,,brilliancy ,,( ,,silv]4--,to an ounce ( nitric acid1 dilut$ ) an equal quantity ( wat]1 add ne>ly an ounce ( m]cury1 or z mu* z ! acid w dissolve4 ,:5 ?is is dissolv$1 add to ! solution1 gradually1 half an ounce ( sulphuric acid2 ?is w precipitate ! m]cury 9 ! =m ( a :ite p[d]2 :5 ?is has subsid$1 p\r (f ! acid & add cle> wat]2 ?us wa% ! p[d] f ! acid1 !n p\r (f ! wat]1 & :ile ! precipitate is moi/1 7or if x be suff]$ to dry1 x may be aga9 moi/5$ ) wat]17 rub x ov] ! t9 ) a piece ( glove lea!r4--,!n wa% ! t9 ) wat]1 & :5 x is dry1 rub x pretty h>d ) a piece ( f9e wooll5 clo?2 x w resemble poli%$ silv]4 #dd4 ,,to ,,give ,,t9 ,a ,,*angeable ,,cry/all9e ,,appe>ance4--,cleanse ! t9 by wa%+ x ) w>m soap & wat]1 & r9se x 9 cle> wat]4 ,!n heat ! t9 to ! temp]ature ( b>e suff]ance to ! h&1 & p\r on x1 or apply ) a bru% or sponge1 a mixture ( "o ounce ( muriatic acid1 ) "o f\r? ( an ounce ( sulphuric acid1 & two ounces ( wat]2 !n imm$iately wa% ! t9 9 cle> wat]4 ,ano!r me?od is1 to apply 9 ! same mann] a solution ( two ounces ( muriate ( soda1 9 f\r ounces ( wat]1 ) "o ounce ( nitric acid4 ,9 ei!r case1 if ! cry/all9e figures are n bold en\gh1 ! op]ation may be repeat$4 ,if a v small figure is requir$1 ! t9 may be heat$ ne>ly to fl[+1 & plung$ into cold wat]1 slightly acidulat$ ) nitric & muriatic acids4 ,if a little sold] is drawn ov] ! t9 ) a hot iron or copp]1 9 su* mann] z to =m a cross1 or circle1 & ! opposite side ( ! t9 be aft]w>ds cry/alliz$1 x w h a beautiful effect4 #de4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,gold ,,col\r$ ,,v>ni% ,,= ,,t94--,to half a p9t ( alcohol1 9 a flask1 add "o ounce ( gum-%ellac1 & half an ounce ( turm]ic1 bo? 9 p[d]2 set ! flask 9 a w>m place1 frequ5tly %ak+ x1 = twelve h\rs or m2 !n filt] or /ra9 (f ! liquor1 :i* may be occasionally dilut$ ) new rum4--,if a col\r is requir$ resembl+ dut* gold1 a small quantity ( dragon's blood may be add$1 or sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( turm]ic4--,:5 ?is v>ni% is us$1 x mu/ be appli$ to ! "w freely & fl[+1 & mu/ n be bru%$ or rubb$ :ile x is dry+4 ,"o or m coats ( ?is v>ni% 7or laqu] z x is sometimes call$7 may be laid on ! "w1 z ! col\r is requir$ to be deep] or light]4 ,note4--,to make a rose col\r$ v>ni%1 proce$ z above direct$1 only sub/itute "o-f\r? ( an ounce ( ! be/ lake1 f9ely gr\nd1 9 ! place ( turm]ic4 ,a transp>5t blue v>ni% may also be made by means ( prussian blue2 & purple or gre51 by add+ a little blue to ! gold1 or rose col\r$ v>ni%es4 ,^! laqu]s are frequ5tly employ$ = wa%+ silv] bronz$ ornam5ts1 to give !m ! appe>ance ( gold or copp]4 #df4 ,,to ,,make ,,%ellac ,,v>ni% ,,= ,,japann+4--,to "o qu>t ( ! be/ alcohol1 add half a p\nd ( ! ?9ne/ & mo/ transp>5t gum-%ellac2 mix & %ake ^! toge!r1 & let !m /& 9 a w>m place = two or ?ree days2 !n /ra9 ! v>ni% ?r\gh a f9e flannel1 & bottle x4 ,%ellac v>ni% is us$ = japann+ lamps1 tea trays1 c4 ,any ( ! col\rs commonly us$ = oil pa9t+1 may be gr\nd 9 ?is v>ni% & %\ld be appli$ to ! "w ) a smoo? bru%1 & 9 a w>m place2 & ! "w to be japann$1 %\ld be p]fectly dry & w>m4 ,note4--,mo/ ( ! writ]s on ! subject ( japann+1 h recomm5d$ se$-lac v>ni%2 b x is a fact1 ?\gh n s g5]ally kn[n z x ought to be1 t %ellac & se$-lac are ! same sub/ance2 ! only diff]5ce is1 t %ellac is 9 a m cl>ifi$ & ref9$ /ate1 ?an t :i* is call$ se$-lac4 #dg4 ,,to ,,make ,,! ,,be/ ,,copal ,,v>ni%4--,take "o p\nd ( gum-copal1 & melt 9 a flask ov] a brisk fire ( *>coal2 at ! same "t 9 ano!r flask1 boil1 or heat to ! po9t ( boil+1 "o p9t ( l9se$ oil2 z soon z ! gum is melt$1 take x f ! fire1 & add ! hot oil 9 small quantities1 at ! same "t /irr+ or %ak+ x till !y are ?or\ghly incorporat$4 ,all[ ! mixture to cool bel[ ! boil+ po9t ( wat]1 & !n add ne>ly a qu>t ( spirits ( turp5t9e2--cork ! flask slightly1 & expose x = a few days to ! rays ( ! sun1 :i* w make x "w m smoo? & %9+4 ,if a l>g] quantity is to be made1 a copp] boil]1 t is small at ! top w answ] to melt ! gum 94 ,= ord9>y or co>se "w1 a l>g] proportion ( oil & a little ros9 may be add$4 ,if oil is us$ 9 :i* r$ lead & li?>ge 79 ! proportion ( half a p\nd ( ea* to a gallon ( oil7 h be5 previ\sly boil$1 ! v>ni% w ! soon] dry4 #dh4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,_s ,,v>ni% ,,= ,,pictures ,,& ,,fancy ,,boxes4--,to a p9t ( alcohol1 9 a flask1 add f\r ounces ( gum-ma/ic1 & "o ounce ( gum-s&>ac1 bo? 9 p[d]2 expose ! mixture to a g5tle heat1 suffici5t to produce a slight ebulition = a few m9utes1 frequ5tly %ak+ x1 & ! gums w be dissolv$2 /ra9 ! v>ni% ?r\gh a f9e flannel1 bottle & cork x4 ,"s recomm5d ! addition ( v5ice turp5t9e1 by means ( :i*1 a small quantity ( gum-copal1 f9ely p[d]$1 may also be dissolv$1 b z v5ice turp5t9e conta9s a portion ( spirits ( turp5t9e1 x r5d]s ! v>ni% too p5etrat+ = _m purposes2 & ev5 ! gum-s&>ac may be omitt$ )\t any ess5tial disadvantage4 ,?is v>ni% %\ld be a little w>m :5 us$4 #di4 ,,to ,,make ,,ela/ic ,,v>ni% ,,= ,,umbrellas1 ,,or ,,hat ,,cases4--,to a p9t ( spirits ( turp5t9e1 9 a flask1 add "o ounce ( gum-ela/ic1 cut into v small pieces2 put 9 ! cork slightly & set ! flask 9 a w>m place1 :]e ! heat may n be equal to t ( boil+ wat]1 till ! gum-ela/ic is dissolv$1 :i* may be effect$ 9 f\r or five h\rs4 ,!n /ra9 ! solution ?r\gh a /rong l95 or cotton clo?1 & add half a p9t ( boil$ l9se$ oil4 ,note4--,a l>g] proportion ( gum-ela/ic may be dissolv$1 & a less quantity ( oil add$1 by :i* means ! v>ni% w be m ela/ic1 b w n h s smoo? & p]man5t a gloss4 #ej4 ,,to ,,v>ni% ,,maps ,,& ,,pictures4--,take a piece ( l951 or cotton cambric1 r l>g] ?an ! map or picture to be v>ni%$1 & draw x /raight ^u a frame ( conv5i5t size1 & conf9e x at ! edges by small tacks or nails4 ,lay a ?9 coat ( f9e rye fl\r pa/e on ?is1 & on ! back ( ! pap] t is to be v>ni%$2 lay ! pap] on ! cambric & press !m toge!r till ! pap] adh]es firmly 9 e "p4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 give ! face ( ! pr9t two or ?ree coats ( a /rong solution ( gum-arabic 9 wat]1 all[+ ea* suffici5t "t to become p]fectly dry4 ,?is siz+ mu/ be appli$ ) a l>ge smoo? bru%1 & mu/ be spread ov] ! "w v quickly1 & ) z little bru%+ z possible4 ,aft]w>ds1 give ! "w "o or m coats ( ! v>ni% describ$ at #dh4 ,note4--,v small pr9ts may n require to be pa/$ on cambric2 & if ! pap] be v ?ick1 ! v>ni% may be appli$ )\t ! previ\s siz+4 ,is+-glass1 7:i* may be readily dissolv$ 9 boil+ wat]7 is sometimes add$ to ! gum-arabic1 & increases ! /r5g? ( ! siz+1 b is some:at less transp>5t ?an pure gum-arabic4 ,a m simple me?od ( v>ni%+ pr9ts1 is to size !m ) a solution ( loaf sug>1 & f9i% ) a solution ( ros9 9 spirits ( turp5t9e4 #ea4 ,,to ,,make ,,brunswick ,,black+ ,,= ,,picture ,,glasses4--,take "o p\nd ( gum-asphaltum & melt x ov] a sl[ fire2 !n take x f ! fire & add spirits ( turp5t9e 9 small quantities1 /irr+ x briskly till x is ( ! consi/5ce ( v>ni%4 ,z !re is "s dang] ( its tak+ fire :5 ! spirits ( turp5t9e is add$1 x may be well to be provid$ ) a piece ( wet flannel1 to ?r[ ov] x if t %\ld happ54 ,:5 x is ne>ly cold1 /ra9 x ?r\gh a flannel1 & bottle x = use4 ,?is black+ is us$ = bord]+ picture glasses1 & is probably ! mo/ p]fect black 9 nature4 ,x is wat] pro( & dries v quick4 #eb4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,pr9t ,,appe> ,,on ,a ,,gold ,,gr\nd4--,dilute v5ice turp5t9e ) spirits ( turp5t9e till x works freely ) a camel-hair p5cil2 lay a coat ( ?is v>ni% on any "p ( a pr9t or picture1 obs]v+ to keep ! p5cil )9 ! l9es1 t ! v>ni% may n spread beyond4 ,!n lay a coat ( ! v>ni% on ! same "p ( ! back ( ! pap] & lay on a leaf ( gold ov] ! v>ni%$ "p2 press d[n ! gold v g5tly ) cotton1 & ! v>ni% hav+ r5d]$ ! pap] transp>5t1 ! face ( ! picture w appe> z if ^? p>ts 7 pr9t$ 9 gold4 ,by ?is v>ni% 7:i* is less liable to spread 9 ! pap] ?an oil7 pictures may be s prep>$1 t ! col\rs ( v>i\s p>ts ( !m1 may be v>i$ & *ang$ at pleasure1 by plac+ pieces ( silk or pap] ( diff]5t col\rs on ! back ( !m4 #ec4 ,,be/ ,,me?od ,,( ,,trac+ ,,or ,,copy+ ,a ,,picture4--,p]haps ! mo/ simple me?od ( copy+ ! outl9es ( a picture1 is to place ! picture aga9/ a w9d[1 ) ! pap] ov] x1 on :i* ! copy is to be drawn2 ! pr9cipal l9es ( ! picture w be se5 ?r\gh ! o!r pap]1 & may readily be trac$ ) a lead p5cil4 ,b ! usual mann] ( copy+1 9 l&scape pa9t+1 & :i* w answ] = pictures ( any size1 is to rub ov] ! back ( ! picture ) plumbago1 or r$ o*re2 !n lay ! picture on ! gr\nd t is to receive ! copy1 & trace ! l9es ) a smoo? po9t$ /eel1 or piece ( h>d wood4 ,! gr\nd w ?us be v accurately & di/9ctly m>k$1 by ! plumbago or o*re adh]+ to ! gr\nd 9 ! l9es t are trac$4 ,:5 sev]al copies are to be tak5 f ! same patt]n1 7:i* frequ5tly occurs 9 ornam5tal pa9t+17 ! outl9es ( ! fir/ copy may be p]=at$ ) "s po9t$ in/rum5t1 s t be+ laid on ! o!r gr\nds t are to receive ! copies1 & bru%$ ov] ) a little f9e dry :it+1 or r$ o*re1 7z ! case may require7 ! :it+ or o*re w p5etrate ! p]=at$ l9es ( ! patt]n1 & ?us m>k ! gr\nd on :i* x is laid4 #ed4 ,,! ,,con/ruction ,,& ,,use ,,( ,a ,,copy+ ,,ma*9e4--,take two /rips ( wood1 :i* may be ab\t ?ree feet long1 "o in* wide1 & "o-f\r? ( an in* ?ick2 lay !m on a table1 p>allel to ea* o!r1 & eighte5 in*es ap>t4 ,across ^!1 lay ?ree o!r /rips1 :i* mu/ be eighte5 in*es long1 t ea* end ( ea* piece may re/ on "o ( ! long] /rips4 ,two ( ^! mu/ lie across ! opposite ends ( ! long] pieces1 & ! o!r across ! c5tre1 ?us =m+ two squ>es4 ,drive a p9 ?r\gh ! ends ( ! %ort pieces1 or conf9e !m by rivets to ! o!rs1 b n s z to prev5t _! play+ circul>ly on ! rivets4 ,!n drive a p9 or pivot ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! middle cross-b> into ! table1 or bo>d on :i* ! "w lies4 ,9 "o end ( "o ( ! long /rips 7:i* may project a little ov] ! cross-b>7 fix a lead p5cil1 ) ! po9t d[nw>d1 s t x may be> lightly on ! bo>d2 & "u ?is p5cil1 place ! pap] t is to receive ! copy4 ,& 9 ! opposite end ( ! o!r piece1 fix a smoo? iron po9t1 9 a mann] simil> to t ( ! p5cil1 & "u ?is po9t place ! picture t is to be copi$4 ,!n ) ! iron po9t1 c>efully trace ! l9es ( ! picture1 & ! p5cil 9 ! opposite corn] w move 9 a transv]se direction1 & draw ! same picture v accurately on ! o!r pap]4 ,if y fix ! p5cil half way betwe5 its =m] place & ! middle cross-b>1 & remove ! pivot to a po9t t is directly 9 a l9e ) ! p5cil & ! iron po9t1 x w give a copy 9 exact proportion1 b only "o f\r? "p z l>ge z ! picture t is copi$4 ,?us ! copy may be decreas$ or increas$ to any size1 & /ill reta9 its regul> proportions4 ,9 ?is mann]1 pa9t+ on wood or canvas may be copi$1 :i* c\ld n readily be done 9 any o!r way4 #ee4 ,,to ,,produce ,,! ,,exact ,,lik5ess ,,( ,,any ,,object1 ,,in/antly ,,on ,,pap]4--,?is may be readily effect$ by lay+ ! pap] on a table1 & hold+ a d\ble convex l5s 7a common sun-glass7 ov] x1 & !n plac+ a mirror ov] ! l5s1 9 an oblique position s z to face p>tly d[nw>d1 & p>tly t[>ds ! object t is to be repres5t$4 ,! rays ( light pass+ f ! object to ! mirror1 w be reflect$ d[nw>d ?r\gh ! l5s1 & produce ! lik5ess ( ! object 9 full col\rs on ! pap]4 ,?is exp]im5t may be easily made 9 ! ev5+1 by reflect+ ! flame ( a c&le 9 ?is mann]1 :i* w appe> v brilliant on ! pap]4 ,b 9 ord] to r5d] ! reflection ( an object di/9ctly visible by day light1 x may be requisite to exclude ne>ly all ! light f ! pap]1 except :at falls ?r\gh ! l5s4 ,9 all cases1 ! l5s mu/ be plac$ at a di/ance above ! pap]1 accord+ to its focus1 or ! di/ance at :i* x w\ld contract ! rays ( ! sun to ! smalle/ po9t4 ,a v conv5i5t cam]a obscura1 = draw+ l&scapes1 or ev5 portraits may be con/ruct$ z foll[s3 ,make a box ( bo>ds1 9 ! =m ( a regul> cube1 be+ "o foot 9 l5g?1 bread? & height2 bore a hole ( "o in* diamet]1 ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! top2 & on ?is1 fix a d\ble convex l5s1 ! focus ( :i* mu/ rea* ! bottom ( ! box4 ,make an ap]ture ( ab\t six in*es 9 l5g?1 & "o 9 bread?1 ?r\gh "o side ( ! box at ! top1 by %av+ (f1 or holl[+ ! edge 9 su* mann] t :5 y put y\r face to ! ap]ture to look into ! box1 x w exclude all ! light except :at falls ?r\gh ! l5s4 ,make a hole ?r\gh ea* end ( ! box1 ne> ! bottom1 l>ge en\gh to put 9 ! h&s1 ) pap] & p5cil4 ,on ! top ( ! box1 on ! "r & left sides ( ! l5s1 fix two pieces ( bo>ds1 :i* may be ab\t f\r in*es high1 eight in*es long1 & ?ree in*es di/ant f ea* o!r4 ,betwe5 ^! bo>ds1 fix a piece ( look+ glass1 ?ree in*es squ>e1 & fac+ f y2 ! l[] edge ( ! glass1 be+ ne> ! l5s1 on ! side t[>ds y2 & ! upp] edge incl9+ t[>ds y ab\t ?irty degrees f a p]p5dicul>4 ,directly ov]1 & ne>ly f\r in*es above ! l5s1 place ano!r mirror1 ! c5tre ( :i* mu/ face directly t[>ds ! l[] edge ( ! fir/4 ,cov] ! glass-box s z to exclude all ! light f ! glasses except :at falls on !m horizontally f objects directly 9 front ( y1 & place a %eet ( pap] on ! bottom ( ! box inside4 ,! rays ( light1 pass+ f objects 9 front1 w be reflect$ f ! fir/ mirror to ! second1 & f ! second1 ?r\gh ! l5s to ! pap]1 :]e y w h a p]fect similitude ( ! objects 9 view1 9 full col\rs1 & true p]spective1 & may trace !m on ! pap]1 ) a p5cil or p54 #ef4 ,,copp]-,,plate ,,engrav+4--,= ?is purpose1 provide a plate ( copp]1 r l>g] ?an ! design t is to be engrav$1 & may be ab\t "o sixte5? ( an in* ?ick2 plani% by rubb+ x1 fir/1 directly l5g?-wise1 & aft]w>ds bread?-wise ) a piece ( pumice-/one1 :i* may be dipp$ occasionally 9 a mixture ( "o "p nitric acid1 ) six or sev5 p>ts wat]4--,!n wa% ! copp] ) cle> wat]1 & rub x ) an oil /one t has a plane surface2 & !n poli% x ) a piece ( *>coal1 t has be5 ignit$ to r$ness & qu5*$ 9 cold wat]4 ,aft]w>ds burni% ! copp] by rubb+ x ) poli%$ /eel4 ,lay a piece ( transp>5t pap] on ! design t is to be engrav$1 & trace ! pr9cipal l9es ) a lead p5cil2--!n bru% ov] ! copy or trac+ ) dry r$ o*re1 & hav+ rubb$ ! copp] plate ) a piece ( bees-wax1 lay ! r$ side ( ! trac+ on ! plate2 !n ) a smoo? iron po9t1 trace ! same l9es aga91 t !y may ?us be transf]r$ to ! plate by means ( ! r$ o*re & wax4 ,take up ! pap] & trace ! l9es on ! plate ) a ne$le1 ?us scor+ ! l9es slightly on ! copp]4 ,!n w>m ! plate & wipe (f ! wax1 or wa% x (f ) spirits ( turp5t9e1 & rub ! plate ) f9e dry :it+4 ,! next in/rum5t to proce$ ) is ! grav]2 consi/+ ( a blade ( /eel ab\t ?ree in*es long1 :i* is fix$ 9 a conv5i5t h&le l an awl4 ,! =m ( ! grav] %\ld be triangul>1 or betwe5 a triangle & loz5ge1 hav+ two sides plane & ! o!r r\nd or swell$2 & %\ld tap] regul>ly f ! h&le to ! po9t1 or ne>ly s1 b ! po9t mu/ be gr\nd (f obliquely s t ! edge may ext5d a little f>!r ?an ! back2 & ! edge %\ld rise a little r\nd+ t[>ds ! po9t4 ,x is v ess5tial t ! edge & po9t ( ! grav] %\ld be kept v %>p4 ,! mann] ( hold+ ! grav]1 is to take ! h&le into ! holl[ ( ! h&1 press+ x ) ?ree f+]s1 on "o side1 & ! ?umb on ! o!r1 & ext5d ! =e f+] on ! back ( ! blade t[>ds ! po9t4--,! edge ( ! grav] mu/ re/ on ! plate1 & its motion :5 cutt+ mu/ be endwise 9 all cases2 ?\gh !re evid5tly might be a grav] con/ruct$1 :i* might1 9 "s cases1 be h&l$ 9 a mann] m simil> to t ( a p5 or p5cil4 ,a grav] ( a squ>e =m may also be requisite1 = cutt+ l>ge & broad l9es occasionally4 ,9 proce$+ to engrave ! plate1 beg9 ) ! outl9es1 obs]v+ to press h>d] or light] on ! grav]1 z ! l9es require to be l>g] or small]1 & f9i% ea* l9e ) ! same motion if possible1 )\t tak+ ! grav] (f ! plate4 ,hav+ cut ! outl9es1 proce$ to fill up1 & %ade ! "w discretionally1 accord+ to ! design4 ,x may be requisite1 aft] "p ( ! "w is engrav$1 to scrape x lightly ) ! edge ( ! grav]1 to take (f any r\ghness1 t may h be5 =m$ on ! "p engrav$4 ,if aft] f9i%+ ! design1 any "p appe>s to h be5 improp]ly execut$1 su* p>ts may be eras$ by ! burni%]1 & may be re-engrav$ ) ! requisite am5dm5ts4 #eg4 ,,et*+ ,,on ,,copp] ,,plates4--,melt toge!r two ounces ( bees-wax1 & "o ounce ( v5ice turp5t9e1 & :5 ! wax is melt$ & boils1 add by small quantities1 two ounces ( gum-asphaltum1 /irr+ ! mixture briskly at ! same "t2 & :5 ! mixture is well incorporat$1 take x f ! fire1 let x cool a little1 & !n p\r x into w>m wat]1 & by work+ x ) ! h&s1 =m x into balls ( ab\t an in* 9 diamet]1 & wrap ea* ( !m 9 a piece ( taffety1 or ?9 silk4 ,!n1 hav+ prep>$ & poli%$ a plate ( copp]1 z direct$ = copp]-plate engrav+1 w>m ! plate suffici5tly to melt ! balls ( wax v>ni%1 & rub "o ( !m ov] x1 till e "p ( ! poli%$ side is cov]$ ) ! v>ni%2 !n ) a ball ( cotton1 wrapp$ or ti$ up 9 taffety1 beat e "p ( ! v>ni%$ plate g5tly1 :ile ! v>ni% is yet fl[+1 t x may spread ! m ev5 & uni=mly4 ,!n hold ! plate 9 a horizontal position1 ) ! v>ni%$ side d[n1 & hold ! flame ( a wax c&le "u x1 or a small roll ( pap] t has be5 dipp$ 9 melt$ wax1 & ?us black5 ! v>ni% :ile ! plate is yet w>m en\gh to keep x 9 a melt$ /ate4 ,:5 ! v>ni% has become suffici5tly & uni=mly black1 let ! plate cool1 & hav+ drawn ! design on transp>5t pap]1 rub ov] ! face ( x ) *alk2 !n wipe (f mo/ ( ! *alk ) a piece ( flannel1 lay ! *alk$ side on ! v>ni%1 & trace ! l9es1 some:at m9utely1 ) a smoo? r\nd po9t$ ne$le4 ,!n take up ! pap]1 & proce$ to scor+ ! l9es 9 ! v>ni%4 ,= ?is purpose y mu/ be provid$ ) sev]al ne$les ( diff]5t sizes1 & fix$ 9 h&les1 :i* may be ab\t f\r in*es long1 & ne>ly half an in* 9 diamet]1 & ! ne$le may project ?ree f\r?s ( an in* f ! h&le4 ,"s ( ^! may be gr\nd a little flat on "o side1 & o!rs may be r\nd1 b tap] m abruptly at ! po9t4 ,^! ne$les may be held1 & manag$ mu* ! same z a p54 ,beg9 scor+ ) ! out l9es1 obs]v+ to cut completely ?r\gh ! v>ni%1 b x is n requisite to scrat* ! copp]1 except 9 mak+ v heavy l9es1 :5 x _c well be avoid$4 ,hav+ f9i%$ scor+ ! v>ni% accord+ to ! design1 fix a bord] ( wax 7compos$ ( two p>ts bees-wax & "o ( v5ice turp5t9e7 r\nd ! "w1 on ! m>g9 ( ! plate4 ,?is bord] may be ab\t half an in* high1 & mu/ be fix$ to ! plate :ile w>m4 ,!n p\r on z mu* nitric acid1 dilut$ ) an equal quantity ( wat]1 z ! plate ) ! bord] w conta94 ,9 ab\t fifte5 m9utes p\r (f ! acid1 & exam9e :e!r x has suffici5tly corrod$ any "p ( ! "w2 if s1 lay a mixture ( w>m tall[ & l9se$ oil ov] su* p>ts ) a hair p5cil1 & aga9 p\r on ! acid4 ,9 half an h\r m ! acid may be p\r$ (f1 & ! plate be+ w>m$1 ! bord] may be remov$1 & ! v>ni% may be wip$ (f ) a piece ( l95 clo?2--! plate may !n be wa%$ ) olive oil1 & cleans$ z be=e ) dry f9e :it+4 ,note--,diff]5t arti/s use a v>iety ( diff]5t prep>ations ( v>ni% = ! purpose ( et*+4 ,9 "s old recipes1 virg9 wax1 calc9$ asphaltum1 gum ma/ic1 amb]1 colophony1 greek pit*1 burgundy pit*1 black pit*1 res91 %oe mak]s' wax1 c4 c4 are m5tion$4 ,b x is believ$ t ! above describ$ v>ni%1 :ile x is mu* m simple1 w answ] equally z well = "y practition]s2 & x is n expect$ t any w attempt v nice "w1 )\t fur!r in=mation ?an !y c\ld expect to obta9 f ! sket*es 9 ?is little collection4 #eh4 ,,engrav+ ,,& ,,scrap+ ,,9 ,,mezzot9to4--,hav+ prep>$ a plate ( copp]1 proce$ to score x s full ( l9es1 cross-l9es & diagonal l9es1 t :5 !y are fill$ ) ink1 ! plate may appe> q black4 ,= ?is purpose an in/rum5t w be requisite t is fa%ion$ simil> to a *isel1 ! r\nd or slop+ side be+ scor$ or fil$ ne> ! po9t1 ) l9es or not*es v ne> to ea* o!r1 s z to =m a set ( %>p uni=m tee? at ! edge2 ?is in/rum5t is call$ a cradle1 & %\ld be a little r\nd at ! corn]s4 ,?is cradle mu/ be mov$ ov] ! plate1 9 ! mann] ( a grav]1 scor+ ! plate uni=mly 9 v>i\s directions4 ,:5 ! scor+ is f9i%$1 take a scrap]1 :i* may be simil> to a knife1 hav+ two edges1 & slop+ on ea* side t[>ds ! po9t2 ) ?is1 scrape (f ! r\ghness ( ! plate1 9 su* places z is requir$ to be ! lighte/ 9 ! pr9t2 su* p>ts z require to be %ad$ p>tially1 may n be scrap$ s deep1 :ile ! po9ts t are to be ! brighte/ may be burni%$ q smoo? ) ! poli%$ end ( a piece ( /eel1 ab\t ! size ( a l>ge nail1 & "s ( ! heavie/ out-l9es may be cut ) a grav]4 ,?us any portraits or o!r figures may be =m$ on ! plate1 ) due proportion ( light & %ade1 & w1 if prop]ly-manag$1 give an impression on pap]1 equal 9 elegance to any t might be produc$ by o!r means4 #ei4 ,,et*+ ,,9 ,,aqua-,,t9ta4--,poli% ! plate ( copp]1 ! same z = engrav+2 moi/5 ! plate ) wat] & sift on f9ely p[d]$ ros9 & gum-asphaltum1 s z to ne>ly cov] ! plate2 !n w>m ! plate suffici5t to make ! p[d] adh]e1 b n to melt x entirely4 ,transf] ! design to ! plate1 & cov] su* p>ts z are int5d$ to rema9 :ite1 ) a v>ni% compos$ ( bees wax & l9se$ oil1 :i* may be col\r$ a v little ) black1 & mu/ be appli$ to ! "w1 :ile w>m1 ) a camel hair p5cil4 ,!n fix a bord] ( wax r\nd ! plate1 & p\r on dilut$ nitric acid4 ,9 ab\t "o m9ute1 p\r (f ! acid1 & wa% ! plate ) cle> wat]1 b )\t effect+ ! v>ni%2--dry ! plate1 & apply ! v>ni% to su* p>ts ( ! design z are int5d$ to h b a fa9t %ade2 !n apply ! acid = a m9ute or two long]4 ,?us proce$ bit+ 91 & /opp+ out alt]nately1 till e "p ( ! design has acquir$ its prop] %ade4 ,b if any "p requires a d>k] %ade ?an ! gr\nd1 ! p[d]$ ros9 may be remov$ f su* p>ts ) a scrap]4 ,:5 ! plate has become suffici5tly corrod$1 ! v>ni% may be wa%$ (f ) oil1 or spirits ( turp5t9e1 & ! plate may be cleans$ ) :it+4 #fj4 ,,copp]-,,plate ,,pr9t+4--,! pap] on :i* impressions f a copp]-plate are to be tak51 %\ld be moi/5$1 or wet d[n two or ?ree days previ\s to pr9t+2 ?is is p]=m$ by dipp+ ! %eets 9 wat] sev]ally1 & !n lay+ !m all toge!r "u a heavy weight till !y are us$4 ,:5 ! pap] is ready1 ! copp]-plate may be w>m$ ov] a *af+ di% ( coals1 & ! engrav$ side completely cov]$ & all ! l9es fill$ ) common pr9t+ ink1 or ink made ( ,frank=t black1 f9ely gr\nd 9 old l9se$ oil4 ,?is may be done by means ( a pr9t+ ball1 or ! ink may be spread on ! plate ) a smoo? /iff bru%4 ,! plate may !n be wip$ ) a piece ( l95 or cotton clo?1 & aft]w>d ) ! h&1 be+ pass$ sl[ly b h>dly ov] ! plate to take (f all ! ink except :at rema9s 9 ! l9es ( ! engrav+2 to accompli% :i* m effectually1 ! h& may be rubb$ occasionally ) dry :it+4 ,:5 ! plate is ?or\ghly clean$ ( ! r$undant ink1 x may be laid on ! table ( a roll+ press1 & hav+ a %eet ( ! moi/5$ pap] laid ^u ! face ( x1 & a piece ( f9e broad-clo? ov] ! pap]1 ! :ole may be pass$ ?r\gh ! press4 ,!n on tak+ up ! pap]1 x w be f\nd to h receiv$ a black impression f ! plate1 accord+ to ! engrav+ or et*+1 & ! plate may be aga9 c>ri$ to ! fire1 to be black$ aga9 z be=e4 ,?is is ! usual mann] ( pr9t+2 b :5 a roll+ press is n at h&1 ! plate & moi/5$ pap] may by o!r means1 be press$ h>d & firmly toge!r1 & ! pap] w h receiv$ ! impression equally z fair4 ,any ( ! col\rs1 commonly us$ 9 oil pa9t+1 be+ gr\nd v ?ick 9 oil may be sub/itut$ = ink 9 copp]-plate pr9t+4 ,! plate1 aft] be+ us$1 %\ld be wip$ clean ) a piece ( flannel1 moi/5$ ) olive oil4 #fa4 ,,et*+ ,,lett]s ,,or ,,fl[]s ,,on ,,glass4--,select a piece ( glass t is ?ick & /raight1 & lay a coat ( melt$ bees-wax on ! faire/ side2 !n ) a ne$le1 p5-knife1 or any o!r conv5i5t po9t$ in/rum5t1 trace any design1 or picture1 :i* be+ plac$ "u ! glass1 may be se5 ?r\gh ! wax2 or =m any lett]s or figures on ! glass1 c>efully cutt+ or scor+ q ?r\gh ! wax1 & mak+ ! l9es l>ge or small z occasion may require4 ,!n w>m a piece ( ! wax1 s z to =m x into a roll1 ab\t "o f\r? ( an in* 9 diamet]2 lay ?is roll r\nd ! "w ^u ! glass1 & press x d[n s z to make x adh]e to ! glass1 ?us =m+ a bord]4 ,!n take "s f9ely p[d]$ fluate ( lime1 & /rew x ev5ly ov] ! glass1 on ! wax$ side1 t x may fill all ! l9es 9 ! wax2 & !n g5tly p\r ^u x1 s z n to displace ! p[d]1 z mu* sulphuric acid1 dilut$ ) ?rice its weight ( wat]1 z is suffici5t to cov] ! p[d]$ fluate ( lime4 ,let e ?+ rema9 9 ?is /ate = ?ree h\rs2 !n p\r (f ! mixture1 & clean ! glass by wa%+ x ) spirits ( turp5t9e4 ,! figures :i* 7 scor$ 9 ! wax1 w be f\nd engrav5 on ! glass2 :ile ! p>ts :i* ! wax cov]$1 w be uncorrod$4--,?is glass plate may be *>g$ ) ink1 7or any ?ick oil pa9t7 & impressions may be tak5 f x on pap]1 ! same z f copp] plates1 only caution is requisite1 t ! glass be n brok5 by ! pressure4 ,note4--,! fluoric acid1 :i* is p>tly absorb$ by ! wat]1 9 ! above process1 be+ v corrosive1 %\ld n be suff]$ to t\* ! h&s1 nor any valuable vessel :atev]4 #fb4 ,,to ,,pr9t ,,figures ,,) ,a ,,smoo? ,,/one4--,take a piece ( m>ble or slate1 & =m a smoo? plane surface on "o side1 & on ?is1 pa9t any lett]s or figures ) common oil pa9t ( any col\r4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 wet ! /one ) wat]1 :i* w n adh]e to ! pa9t$ figures1 especially if ! pa9ts 7 mix$ ) old l9se$ oil1 t w produce a %>p gloss4 ,!n apply a pr9t]'s ink-ball to ! plane surface1 by :i* means ! dry pa9t$ figures w be cov]$ ) ! ink1 :ile ! b>e surface ( ! /one1 be+ wet1 w n be black5$ or affect$ by x4 ,press ! figur$ surface ^u "s moi/5$ pap]1 & x w give a fair impression ( ! pa9t$ figures1 on ! pap]4 ,! block ( /one mu/ be !n dipp$ 9 ! wat]1 & aga9 ink$ z be=e1 ,?us _m impressions may be tak5 ) a tol]able degree ( accuracy4 #fc4 ,,to ,,cut ,,glass ,,) ,a ,,piece ,,( ,,iron4--,draw ) a p5cil on pap]1 any patt]n to :i* y w\ld h ! glass con=m2 place ! patt]n "u ! glass1 hold+ bo? toge!r 9 ! left h&1 7= ! glass mu/ n re/ on any plane surface27 !n take a common spike or "s simil> piece ( iron1--heat ! po9t ( x to r$ness1 & apply x to ! edge ( ! glass2 draw ! iron sl[ly =w>d1 & ! edge ( ! glass w imm$iately crack2 cont9ue mov+ ! iron sl[ly ov] ! glass1 trac+ ! patt]n1 & ! *9k 9 ! glass w foll[ at ! di/ance ( ab\t half an in*1 9 e direction accord+ to ! motion ( ! iron4 ,x may sometimes be f\nd requisite1 h[ev]1 especially 9 =m+ corn]s1 to apply a wet f+] to ! opposite side ( ! glass4 ,tumbl]s & o!r glasses may be cut or divid$ v fancifully by simil> means4 ,! iron mu/ be reheat$ z (t5 z ! crevice 9 ! glass ceases to foll[4 #fd4 ,,be/ ,,cem5t ,,= ,,jo9+ ,,glass4--,if ! glass is n likely to be expos$ to moi/ure1 ! pieces may be jo9$ by a solution ( equal p>ts ( gum-arabic & loaf sug> 9 wat]2 or if ^! are n at h&1 ! :ite ( an egg may answ] ne>ly z well4 ,b a /rong wat] pro( cem5t t is equally transp>5t1 may be made by dige/+ f9ely p[d]$ gum-copal1 9 ?rice its weight ( sulphuric e!r till x is dissolv$4 ,?is solution may be appli$ to ! edges ( ! brok5 glass1 ) a camel hair p5cil1 & ! pieces mu/ be put toge!r imm$iately & press$ close till !y adh]e4 #fe4 ,,be/ ,,cem5t ,,= ,,jo9+ ,,*9a ,,or ,,crock]y4--,heat a piece ( *alk to a full r$ heat 9 a fire2 & :ile ?is is heat+1 take ! :ite ( an egg1 & mix & beat toge!r ) x1 "o f\r? ( its weight ( pond]$ or scrap$ *eese1 7su* z is mo/ void ( cream1 or oily matt] is pref]able7 or ! curd t is =m$ by add+ v9eg> to skimm$ milk2--take ! *alk f ! fire1 & be=e x is cold1 r$uce x to p[d]1 & add z mu* ( x to ! mixture z w =m a ?ick pa/e1 & beat !m anew all toge!r1 & use ! composition imm$iately4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 x w resi/1 9 a great measure1 ei!r heat or moi/ure4 ,a semi-transp>5t cem5t1 suitable = *9a w>e1 may be made by g5tly boil+ ! fl\r ( rice ) wat]4 #ff4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,/rong ,,wat] ,,pro( ,,glue4--,dissolve common glue 9 wat] 9 ! usual way1 & dip into x "s clean pap]1 suffici5t to take up an ounce or m ( ! glue4 ,:5 ! pap] is ne>ly dry1 roll x up1 or cut x into /rips & put !m into a wide m\!d phial or flask1 ) ab\t f\r ounces ( alcohol2 susp5d ?is ov] a fire s z to boil x g5tly = an h\r1 hav+ ! cork set 9 slightly to prev5t its tak+ fire1 b n s z to prev5t ! vap\r entirely4 ,!n take out ! pap] 7! only use ( :i* is to give ! glue m surface = ! action ( ! alcohol7 & add "o ounce ( gum-%ellac 9 p[d]2 cont9ue ! heat1 (t5 %ak+ ! mixture till ! %ellac is dissolv$4 ,!n evaporate x to ! prop] consi/5ce = use4 ,note4--,_m exp]im5ts h be5 made1 9 ord] to discov] "s aque\s size1 t :5 dry1 w\ld resi/ moi/ure3 & "s h recomm5d$ skimm$ milk1 & o!rs v9eg> z a m5/ruum = ! glue4 ,b x does n appe> f trial1 t ei!r ( ^! are b v little bett] = ?is purpose ?an wat]2 nor is x probable t any simil> composition ( size w resi/ moi/ure mu* bett] ?an common glue1 especially if x be mix$ ) sulphate ( lime1 or "s simil> sub/ance by way ( support4 #fg4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,m\ld+ ,,figures ,,9 ,,relief4--,mix toge!r & temp] ) a solution ( gum-arabic 9 wat]1 "o "p ( clean1 sift$ wood-a%es1 & two p>ts ( f9e sulphate ( lime4 ,knead ?is composition on a bo>d1 till x has ! consi/5ce ( putty4 ,press a ball ( ?is putty on any m$al1 co9 or c>v$ "w 9 relief1 7:i* mu/ be previ\sly oil$7 & let x dry2 !n take (f ! m\ld ?us =m$1 & oil ! "p t has receiv$ ! impression ( ! figure1 ) olive oil2--make a small orifice ?r\gh ! m\ld1 f ! c5tre1 or deepe/ "p ( ! impression2 also1 p>e (f ! bord] ( ! m\ld1 to )9 half an in* ( ! impress$ figure4 ,!n lay a small piece ( ! putty on ! bo>d & press ! m\ld d[n h>d ^u x1 t x may n only fill ! m\ld1 b t ! r$undant "p may be press$ out beyond ! bord] ( ! m\ld3 raise ! m\ld a little & bl[ ?r\gh ! orifice1 to deta* ! new m\ld$ figure f ! m\ld4 ,?us any numb] ( figures may be readily produc$1 suitable = ornam5t+ *imney pieces1 or m\ld+s1 & :i* w be v h>d :5 dry1 & may be pa9t$ ) any col\r$ oil pa9ts1 :i* w also pres]ve !m f moi/ure4 #fh4 ,,to ,,ca/ ,,images ,,9 ,,pla/]4--,= ?is purpose a model ( ! figure t is to be ca/1 mu/ be provid$1 & susp5d$ by a rod or /aff1 "o in* 9 diamet]1 & fix$ 9 ! top ( ! head4 ,?is model may be made ( wood1 *alk1 or any o!r sub/ance t is smoo?1 & suffici5tly cohesive to support itself4 ,?is be+ prep>$1 mix f9e sulphate ( lime ) wat]1 to ! consi/5ce ( s(t putty1 & hav+ bru%$ "s olive oil ov] ! model1 cov] x completely ) ! pla/]1 :i* mu/ be appli$1 & spread ov] x ) ! h&s1 to ! dep? ( two in*es or m4 ,:5 ! pla/] is ne>ly dry1 divide x into sev]al p>ts ) a ?9 blade1 s z to take x (f f ! model )\t break+ any "p4 ,:5 ! sev]al p>ts ( ! m\ld are dry1 oil !m inside & put !m toge!r z be=e1 & b9d !m ) pieces ( tape or tw9e2 set ! m\ld upright1 & fill x ) a fre% mixture ( sulphate ( lime & wat]1 ( z mu* consi/5ce z may be p\r$ 9 ?r\gh ! ap]ture at ! head4 ,?is pla/] %\ld be p\r$ into ! m\ld z quick z possible aft] be+ mix$2 o!rwise x w\ld become too /iff1 & be spoil$4 ,! pla/] 9 ! m\ld w soon coh]e1 s t ! m\ld may be tak5 (f1 & ! figures may be set up to dry2 & ! m\ld be+ oil$ & put toge!r aga91 is ready = ano!r ca/4 #fi4 ,,to ,,produce ,,emboss$ ,,lett]s1 ,,or ,,figures ,,on ,,m>ble4--,take "s ( ! col\r$ v>ni% describ$ at #cg1 & ) a hair p5cil1 draw ! lett]s1 c4 on ! m>ble1 7:i* %\ld be previ\sly well poli%$17 & also cov] ) ! v>ni%1 e "p ( ! face ( ! m>ble t is to rema9 pla94 ,lay ! m>ble 9 a horizontal position & make a bord] ( oil putty r\nd x1 & p\r on muriatic acid to ! dep? ( half an in* on ! m>ble4 ,:5 ebulition ceases1 ! acid may be dra9$ (f1 & ! "w exam9$2 & if ! lett]s are n suffici5tly prom95t1 a fre% quantity ( ! acid may be add$4 ,:5 ! "w has be5 ?us corrod$ to ! dep? requir$1 ! v>ni% may be wa%$ (f ) spirits ( turp5t9e4 ,! acid t has be5 ?us employ$ ne$ n be lo/1 = a muriate ( lime be+ ?us =m$1 may be cry/alliz$ by a slight evaporation1 & pres]v$ = o!r purposes2 or by ! addition ( a small quantity ( sulphuric acid a sulphate ( lime is precipitat$1 & ! muriatic may be p\r$ (f & be us$ aga9 = ! same or a simil> purpose4 #gj4 ,,to ,,s(t5 ,,/one4--,m>ble or granite may be depriv$ 9 "s measure1 ( ! prop]ty ( cohesion by be+ heat$ r$ hot & !n qu5*$ 9 oil4 ,9 ?is case1 ! c>bonic acid :i* con/itutes ! cohesive prop]ty ( ! /one1 is expell$ by ! heat2 & ! vacuum ?us produc$ 9 its pores1 are 9 "s measure1 fill$ by ! oil by ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e2 by :i* means ! /one acquires a texture q diff]5t f :at x _h previ\sly4 ,?is h[ev]1 is n (t5 appli$ to any valuable purpose4 #ga4 ,,to ,,*ange ,,wood ,,app>5tly1 ,,to ,,/one4--,provide a block1 or plank ( s(t wood1 ( ! dim5sions requir$1 & give x two or ?ree coats ( l9se$ oil1 all[+ ea* to dry4 ,!n hav+ prep>$ "s pieces ( m>ble or granite z direct$ 9 ! la/ exp]im5t1 pulv]ize !m to a gross p[d]2 bru% ov] ! wood ) a heavy coat ( copal v>ni% 7see #dg7 mix$ ) an equal quantity ( v5ice turp5t9e2 let ?is re/ ab\t an h\r1 & !n /rew ! /one p[d] ov] e "p ( x1 s z to cov] ! surface completely4 ,if m>ble is to be imitat$1 ! p[d] ( diff]5t col\rs1 especially ! :ite & blue1 may be prep>$ sep>ately1 & may be /rew$ on ! "w 9 su* %ades z w appe> ! mo/ natural4 ,granite may also be cross$ or /rip$ occasionally ) /reaks ( a co>s] gra91 :i* w give x a v deceptive effect4 ,:5 ! v>ni% is ?us cov]$ ) /one1 a heavy roll]1 or r\nd log ( wood1 hav+ a blanket fold$ & wrapp$ r\nd x1 %\ld be roll$ ov] ! "w1 t ! l>g] gra9s1 7:i* ( c\rse w be ! mo/ expos$17 may ! m firmly adh]e4 ,9 ?is mann]1 a v p]fect imitation ( /one may be giv51 & ! wood ?us prep>$ w be exce$+ly durable1 & w answ] = _m purposes1 z well z real /one4 #gb4 ,,to ,,r5d] ,,wood1 ,,clo? ,,or ,,pap] ,,fire-,,pro(4--,dissolve "o ounce ( alum1 half an ounce ( sub-borate ( soda & half an ounce ( *]ry tree gum1 9 half a p9t ( v9eg>4 ,dip any clo? or pieces ( pap]1 or wood1 9 ?is mixture & let !m dry2--!y _c aft]w>ds be ignit$ s z to blaze1 b may be consid]$ safe ) reg>d to _! tak+ fire by accid5t4 ,note4--,?\gh ?is composition is a v p[]ful prev5tive aga9/ fire1 x is too complex = common use1 & has too mu* col\r = :ite clo?s or pap]s2 b a solution ( "o ounce ( sub-borate ( soda 9 a p9t ( wat] is v transp>5t & h>mless1 & w answ] 9 mo/ cases ne>ly z well4 #gc4 ,,to ,,produce ,,fire ,,readily4--,process #a4 ,mix toge!r g5tly b intimately1 two or ?ree gra9s ( *lorate ( potass1 & an equal quantity ( loaf sug>1 bo? previ\sly r$uc$ to f9e p[d]3--dip ! end ( a /rip ( glass1 or a /raw 9 sulphuric acid1 & ) x g5tly t\* ! p[d]1--x w in/antly bur/ into flame4 #gd4 ,process #b4--,^u "o dra*m ( spirits ( turp5t9e1 9 a glass1 p\r an equal quantity ( a mixture ( ?ree p>ts ( nitric1 ) "o ( sulphuric acid4 ,in/antane\s inflammation1 accompani$ by ! production ( a l>ge quantity ( black smoke1 w be ! result4 #ge4 ,,process #c4--,take a piece ( phosphorus ( ! size ( a p9's head1 & wrap x 9 a piece ( dry br[n pap]3 rub ! pap] ) a piece ( wood1 or any h>d body1 & x w in/antly inflame4 ,note4--,9 h&l+ phosphorus1 x is prop] to h a piece ( pap] or clo? int]v5e betwe5 ! /ick ( phosphorus & ! f+]s2 & ! phosphorus %\ld be kept "u wat] except :5 want$ = use4 #gf4 ,,to ,,make ,,sup]-,,combu/ible ,,mat*es4--,prep>e any numb] ( small /rips or spl9t]s ( p9e or o!r light wood1 :i* may be ab\t two in*es 9 l5g? & "o twelf? ( an in* 9 diamet]2 dip "o end ( ea* 9 melt$ sulphur to ! dep? ( "o f\r? ( an in*4 ,:5 !y are cold1 scrape (f mo/ ( ! sulphur1 & dip ! ends ( !m slightly 9 a pa/e made ( t5 p>ts ( *lorate ( potass1 five p>ts ( loaf sug> & "o "p ( r$ lead1 mix$ & gr\nd toge!r 9 alcohol4 ,aft]w>ds !y may be readily ignit$ or k9dl$ at any "t by application ( ! smalle/ quantity ( sulphuric acid4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! ends ( !m may be dipp$ or r b>ely t\*$ to ! acid 9 a phial1 or1 :i* is a bett] way1 a /rip ( glass1 or ev5 wood may be dipp$ 9 ! acid & appli$ to ! mat*4 #gg4 ,,to ,,make ,,gun ,,p[d]4--,pulv]ize sep>ately1 five dra*ms ( nitrate ( potass1 "o ( sulphur1 & "o ( newly burnt *>coal4 ,mix !m toge!r ) a little wat]1 s z to make ! comp\nd into a d\gh2 =m ?is d\gh into rolls ( ! size ( a small wire1 :i* may be done by roll+ small quantities betwe5 two bo>ds4 ,lay a few ( ^! rolls toge!r1 & cut !m into v small gra9s1 & place !m on a %eet ( pap]1 9 a w>m place1 to dry4 ,! d\gh may be prev5t$ /ick+ to ! bo>d :ile roll+ x1 by rubb+ on ! bo>d1 a little ( ! dry comp\nd p[d]4 ,:5 ! gra9s are ?or\ghly dry1 !y are ready = use or exp]im5t4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 gun p[d] is manufactur$ on ! l>ge scale1 b !n ! sev]al p>ts ( ! op]ation1 are p]=m$ by ma*9]y1 o!rwise x w\ld be a v exp5sive commodity4 #gh4 ,,to ,,make ,,! ,,common ,,fulm9at+ ,,p[d]s4--,gr9d & mix intimately1 ?ree p>ts ( nitrate ( potass1 ) two ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 & "o ( sulphur4 ,if half a dra*m ( ?is comp\nd be plac$ on a %ovel1 & held ov] a g5tle fire1 x w soon explode ) a l\d report4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 att5d$ ) any dang]4 ,if two gra9s ( *lorate ( potass 9 p[d] & "o ( sulphur be mix$ toge!r1 & wrapp$ 9 a piece ( /rong pap]1 & ! pap] be !n /ruck ) a hamm]1 x w also explode ) detonation4 ,?is exp]im5t may require "s caution4 ,note4--,! p]cussion p[d]1 su* z is us$ = prim+ ! pat5t p]cussion rifles1 is compos$ ( *lorate ( potass1 & fl\r ( sulphur1 ) a trifl+ proportion ( *>coal & loaf sug>1 be+ made into a pa/e or d\gh ) alcohol1--!n gra9$ & dri$4 #gi4 ,,to ,,make ,,! ,,m]curial ,,fulm9at+ ,,p[d]4--,dissolve half an ounce ( m]cury 9 ?ree ounces ( nitric acid1 assi/+ ! solution by a g5tle heat4 ,:5 ! solution is cold1 p\r x ^u an equal quantity ( /rong alcohol previ\sly introduc$ into a flask1 & apply a mod]ate heat till eff]vesc5ce is excit$4 7,d n =get t ! m]curial solution mu/ be p\r$ ^u ! alcohol1 & n ! alcohol ^u ! solution47 ,a :ite fume w soon beg9 to undulate on ! surface ( ! liquor1 & fl[ ?r\gh ! neck ( ! flask1 & a :ite p[d] w be gradually precipitat$4 ,z soon z any precipitate ceases to fall1 quickly p\r ! cont5ts ( ! flask on a filt]2 wa% ! p[d] ) pure wat]1 & cauti\sly dry x by a heat n exce$+ t ( boil+ wat]4 ,! imm$iate wa%+ ! p[d] is mat]ial1 because x is liable to ! re-action ( ! nitric acid2 & :ile any ( t acid adh]es to x1 x is v subject to be decompos$ by ! action ( light4 ,?is p[d]1 if v pure & nicely made1 explodes by p]cussion1 or a mod]ate degree ( heat4 ,exp]im5t4--,place "o-f\r? ( a gra9 ( ?is p[d]1 betwe5 ! ends ( two slips ( pa/e-bo>d1 & pa/e1 or b9d !m firmly toge!r2--hold ! ends ( ! slips ov] ! flame ( a c&le1 & z soon z x becomes w>m1 x w explode ) a l\d report4 ,?is composition is less dang]\s ?an ! fulm9at+ comp\nds ( gold or silv]1 z x nev] explodes spontane\sly2 b yet x _c be h&l$ ) too mu* caution4 ,note4--,! silv] p[d]1 or fulm9at+ silv]1 ) :i* torp$oes & wat]loo crack]s are *>g$1 is prep>$ 9 a simil> mann]2 pure silv] be+ dissolv$ in/ead ( m]cury1 b x is too dang]\s to be trifl$ )4 #hj4 ,,to ,,k9dle ,a ,,fire ,,"u ,,wat]4--,put into a deep w9e-glass1 t is small at ! bottom1 ?ree or f\r bits ( phosphorus1 ab\t ! size ( flax se$s1 & two or ?ree times ! quantity ( *lorate ( potass1 9 gra9s or cry/als1 & fill ! glass ne>ly full ( wat]4 ,!n place ! end ( a tobacco-pipe /em directly on1 or ov] ! *lorate & phosphorus1 & p\r ne>ly a tea-spoon full ( sulphuric acid into ! b[l ( ! pipe1 t x may fall directly on ! phosphorus2 a viol5t action w ensue1 & ! phosphorus w burn vividly1 ) a v curi\s light "u ! wat]4 #ha4 ,,to ,,light ,a ,,c&le ,,by ,,application ,,( ,,ice4--,atta* to ! wick ( a c&le1 a small piece1 or globule ( potassium 7! metallic base ( potass7 ( ! size ( a small %ot4 ,apply an icicle or po9t ( ice to ! metal1 & x w in/antly inflame4 ,note4--,?is curi\s sub/ance1 :i* has ! peculi> prop]ty ( be+ ignit$ by com+ 9 contact ) ice or wat]1 has be5 lately discov]$ by ,sir ,humphrey ,davy4 ,x is produc$ by mak+ pure potass a "p ( ! circuit ( a p[]ful ,voltaic batt]y4 ,x _c be pres]v$ b by be+ kept imm]s$ 9 nap?a1 a k9d ( oil ( :i* oxyg5 is n a con/itu5t4 #hb4 ,,to ,,=m ,,lett]s ,,or ,,fl[]s ,,( ,,real ,,flame4--,provide a t9 *e/ ( ab\t eighte5 in*es 9 l5g?1 equal 9 height & "o in* 9 bread?4 ,*alk any design1 ( lett]s or fl[]s on ! face ( ?is *e/1 & pi]ce ea* l9e ) r[s ( small holes1 :i* %\ld be ab\t half an in* di/ant f ea* o!r4--,make an ap]ture at ! top1 ?r\gh :i* p\r ab\t a p9t ( a mixture ( rum & spirits ( turp5t9e4 ,place two or ?ree lamps "u ! bottom ( ! *e/ 7:i* mu/ be rais$ a little f ! floor = t purpose7 to w>m ! spirits1 b n s z to cause !m to boil4 ,/op ! ap]ture at ! top & aft] eight or t5 m9utes 7:i* "t %\ld be all[$ = ! vap\r to expel ! atmosph]ic air1 :i* o!rwise w\ld cause an explosion7 apply ! flame ( a lamp to ! pi]c$ l9es2--9 an in/ant1 all ! l9es w be cov]$ ) flame1 :i* w cont9ue till ! spirits are exhau/$4 #hc4 ,,to ,,produce ,,flame ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,col\rs4--,?is may be effect$ by mix+ c]ta9 sub/ances ) burn+ alcohol1 or by apply+ !m ) ! po9t ( a p5-knife1 to ! wick ( a burn+ lamp or c&le4 ,?us a beautiful rose or c>m9e col\r$ flame may be produc$ by muriate ( /rontia3 ?is is prep>$ by dissolv+ c>bonate ( /rontia 9 muriatic acid1 & evaporat+ x to dryness4 ,! prep>ation = an orange col\r1 is muriate ( lime2 7a solution ( m>ble 9 muriatic acid1 evaporat$ to cry/allization7 :i* %\ld be expos$ to a mod]ate heat till x is depriv$ ( its wat] ( cry/allization & falls to p[d]4 ,a f9e gre5 t+e is produc$ by acetate ( copp]1 or boracic acid2 :i* la/ is procur$ by add+ sulphuric acid to a solution ( borate ( soda 79 hot wat]7 till x has a s5sibly acid ta/e2 z x cools1 ! boracic acid is deposit$ 9 cry/als on ! sides ( ! vessel4 ,camphor gives to flame a blue col\r2 & nitrate ( /rontia 7prep>$ ! same z ! muriate7 a purple4 ,a brilliant yell[ may also be produc$ by muriate ( soda4 ,any ( ^! prep>ations be+ r$uc$ to p[d]1 may be ignit$ ) ?ree or f\r times _! weight ( alcohol1 :i* %\ld be previ\sly w>m$2 & if ! vessel t conta9s x be kept heat$ also1 ! combu/ion w be ! m brilliant4 #hd4 ,,to ,,make ,,sky-,,rockets ,,& ,,fire ,,:eels4--,gr9d & mix toge!r1 7dry7 "o p\nd ( gun p[d]1 two ounces ( sulphur1 two ounces ( nitrate ( potass1 & f\r ounces ( newly burnt *>coal4 ,!n make sev]al /rong pap] cases or c>tridges1 by wrapp+ "s /rong pap] 7be+ moi/5$ ) pa/e17 fifte5 or tw5ty times r\nd a m\ld made ( wood1 :i* may be "o in* 9 diamet]1 & t5 in*es 9 l5g?4 ,"o end ( ?is m\ld mu/ be made small]1 be+ only "o f\r? ( an in* 9 diamet] = ! space ( an in* ( its l5g?4 ,! pap] mu/ be drawn up close r\nd ?is neck1 & /rongly b\nd ) tw9e1 be+ ?us br\ght to a %ape simil> to ! neck ( a phial4 ,?is neck is call$ ! *oke ( ! c>tridge4 ,take ! pap] f ! m\ld1 & proce$ 9 ! same mann] ) ano!r4 ,:5 a suffici5t numb] ( c>tridges are ?us made & dry1 place "o ( !m 9 a socket :i* x w fill up closely1 & !n fill ! c>tridge ) ! above describ$ comp\nd p[d]1 :i* mu/ be ?r[n into ! c>tridge 9 small quantities1 & ea* sev]al quantity mu/ be ramm$ or beat d[n v h>d1 ) a suitable siz$ ramm] & mallet4 ,9 fill+ ! c>tridge1 small quantities ( any ( ! flame-col\r+ prep>ations1 describ$ 9 ! prec$+ article1 may be add$ occasionally4 ,:5 ! c>tridge is ne>ly full1 "s small balls ( cotton1 dipp$ 9 spirits ( turp5t9e1 may be add$1 to produce ! appe>ance call$ />s4--,^! also1 may h "s muriate ( /rontia1 or boracic acid /rew$ on !m4 ,!n place a circul> piece ( ?ick pa/e bo>d on ! mat]ials 9 ! c>tridge1 hav+ a small hole ?r\gh x1 communicat+ ) ! p[d] bel[2 lay ^u ?is1 half an ounce ( f9e gun p[d]1 & fold ! pap] d[n ^u x f all sides1 cem5t+ ! folds firmly ) glue1 ?us giv+ ! end ( ! c>tridge a conical =m4 ,!n bore a hole ab\t two ?irds ( ! l5g? ( ! c>tridge f ! *oke ) a gimblet or bit4 ,fill ?is hole 7:i* mu/ be z l>ge z ! *oke1 b tap]+ t[>ds ! o!r end7 ) f9e gun p[d]1 to ! *oke1 & fill ! *oke ) ! comp\nd1 ! outside ( :i* may be moi/5$ a little1 ! bett] to keep x 9 its place4 ,f9i% ! o!rs 9 ! same mann]1 & keep !m 9 a w>m dry place till us$4 ,!y are !n to be la%$ firmly to ! end ( a light p9e rod1 ) ! *oke t[>ds ! opposite end4 ,! l5g? ( ! rod1 %\ld be ab\t n9e times t ( ! c>tridge4 ,! rocket !n be+ elevat$ by ! rod1 & be+ ignit$ at ! *oke1 ! comp\nd inside burn+ int5sely1 acts ^u ! air1 & causes x to asc5d4 ,! c>tridges = fire :eels1 are prep>$ 9 ! same mann]1 b are g5]ally small]2 & in/ead ( be+ la%$ to a rod1 !y are la%$ to ! arms ( a :eel1 9 su* mann]1 t a viol5t rot>y motion is produc$ by _! combu/ion4 #he4 ,,to ,,produce ,,detonat+ ,,balloons4--,moi/5 & compress a bladd] till no air rema9s 9 x1 & tie ! neck ( x ^u a p]=at$ cork2 set ! cork 9 a flask conta9+ ! mat]ials = produc+ hydrog5 gas 7see #i47 ,?us convey into ! bladd] a quantity ( ! gas1 & !n remove ! cork to ano!r flask1 conta9+ two or ?ree ounces ( black oxide ( manganese1 moi/5$ ) sulphuric acid1 suffici5t to =m ) x a s(t pa/e2 apply ! heat ( a lamp1 & oxyg5 gas w be evolv$1 & w also rise ?r\gh ! neck ( ! flask2 9 ?is mann]1 convey into ! bladd]1 ne>ly half z mu* oxyg5 gas1 z x previ\sly conta9$ ( hydrog54 ,!n tie ! /em ( a tobacco-pipe 9 ! neck ( ! bladd]1 & dip ! b[l ( ! pipe 9 a solution ( soap 9 wat]1 7soap-suds7 & compress ! bladd] a little1 s z to swell a bubble f ! b[l ( ! pipe2--%ake (f ! bubble1 :i* be+ light] ?an atmosph]ic air w naturally rise1 or float horizontally 9 ! air4 ,if ! flame ( a c&le be br\ght 9 contact ) "o ( ^! balloons1 or float+ bubbles1 x w explode ) a viol5t detonation1 resembl+ ! report ( a pi/ol4 ,if ?is comp\nd gas be =c$ into ! wat]1 s z to =m sev]al bubbles on ! surface1 & flame be !n appli$ to !m1 a volley ( explosions w be ! result4 ,caution is requisite 9 ^! exp]im5ts1 t ! fire be n communicat$ to ! bladd]1 z su* an explosion might n be safe4 #hf4 ,,to ,,prep>e ,a ,,phial ,,t ,,w ,,give ,,light ,,9 ,,! ,,d>k4--,fill a small phial ab\t "o ?ird full ( olive oil2 add to ?is a piece ( phosphorus equal to "o t5? ( ! weight ( ! oil4 ,cork ! phial & wrap x 9 pap] to exclude ! light1 & set x1 or susp5d x 9 a w>m place1 b :]e ! heat may n be equal to t ( boil+ wat]1 till ! phosphorus appe>s to be dissolv$4 ,?is phial may be c>ri$ 9 ! pocket1 & :5ev] ! cork is />t$ 9 ! night1 ! phial w evolve light en\gh to %[ ! h\r on a wat*4 #hg4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,p]son',s ,,face ,,appe> ,,lum9\s ,,9 ,,! ,,d>k4--,prep>e "s phosphoriz$ oil1 7z direct$ #bg17 & rub x ov] ! face4 ,?is oil1 ?\gh x appe>s lum9\s 9 ! d>k has n p[] to burn any ?+1 s t x may be rubb$ on ! face or h&s )\t dang]2 & ! appe>ance !reby produc$1 is mo/ hide\sly frightful4 ,all ! p>ts ( ! face t h be5 rubb$1 appe> to be cov]$ ) a lum9\s blui% flame1 & ! m\? & eyes appe> z black spots4--,! lum9\s appe>ance may also be repeat$ly height5$1 by ! friction ( a h&k]*ief1 be+ rubb$ ov] ! lum9\s "p4 #hh4 ,,to ,,freeze ,,wat] ,,9 ,,w>m ,,wea!r4--,draw a ?read ?r\gh a small glass tube2 close "o end & !n fill ! tube ) wat]4 ,mix toge!r equal p>ts ( nitrate ( ammonia & wat]1 & imm]se ! tube 9 ?is mixture4 ,! wat] 9 ! tube w be froz5 imm$iately1 & may be drawn out by ! ?read4 ,! same effect may be produc$ by a mixture ( "o "p muriate ( ammonia1 "o "p nitrate ( potass1 & ?ree p>ts ( wat]4 ,= ^! exp]im5ts1 ! above m5tion$ salts %\ld be fre%1 dry & f9ely pulv]iz$ previ\s to mix+2 ! mixture %\ld be made 9 a t9 vessel t is coat$ inside ) bees-wax1 & has a flannel wrapp] r\nd ! outside1 & ! tube %\ld be imm]s$ quickly1 z soon z ! +r$i5ts are mix$4 ,to produce a great]1 or int5se degree ( cold1 a small vessel ( wat] is fir/ set 9 "o ( ^? freez+ mixtures till x becomes v cold1 & !n ! due proportion ( ! salts are add$ to t1 & ! tube1 c4 imm]s$ 9 x4 ,! wat] 9 ! tube may also be froz51 by cont9ually ba?+ ! outside ( x ) sulphuric e!r3 ! evaporation ( ! e!r1 c>ries (f ! caloric ( fluidity1 & ! wat] congeals4 #hi4 ,,to ,,*ange ,,! ,,col\rs ,,( ,,animals4--,any black1 or d>k col\r$ spots on "s animals1 especially horses1 may be effectually *ang$ to :ite1 by means ( any sub/ance t w *afe or bli/] ! sk92 ?us a :ite spot ( any %ape may be produc$ on a black horse1 by %av+ (f ! hair f ! "p t is to be ?us m>k$1 & apply+ a pla/] ( spani% flies1 or ( quick lime moi/5$ ) v9eg>2 ?is pla/] mu/ be cut to ! size & =m requir$ = ! m>k1 & mu/ be kept b\nd on1 till ! sk9 is bli/]$1 or ne>ly s4 ,! next coat ( hair w infallibly be :ite4 ,:ite spots c be *ang$ to black or br[n1 only by means ( oils or grease4 ,bacon fat has be5 recomm5d$ = ?is purpose1 b if ! oil or fat ( a be> c be procur$1 x w prove m efficaci\s1 z ?is fat is well kn[n to h a rem>kable t5d5cy to d>k5 ! col\r ( animals & ev5 complexions4 ,b ei!r ( ^!1 & 9 fact1 _m o!r k9ds1 w answ] ?is purpose if prop]ly appli$1 & frequ5tly repeat$4 #ij4 ,,to ,,give ,,lea!r ,a ,,beautiful ,,metallic ,,lu/re4--,levigate "o ounce ( s(t lead-col\r$ plumbago1 & an equal quantity 79 bulk7 ( lamp-black1 9 a gill ( alcohol2 !n add half an ounce ( loaf sug>1 moi/5$ ) wat] & gr9d all toge!r4 ,! lea!r mu/ fir/ be bru%$ ov] smoo?ly ) ?is composition1 & :5 dry1 x mu/ be bru%$ h>d & quickly ) a dry smoo? bru%2 or may be rubb$ ) a piece ( wooll5 clo?4 ,?is black+ w be f\nd useful = "s ornam5tal purposes1 b may be r too brilliant = boots & %oes4 ,?is composition1 h[ev]1 may be mix$ occasionally ) o!r k9ds ( black+1 & w t5d to increase _! brightness4 #ia4 ,,an ,,easy ,,me?od ,,( ,,extract+ ,,! ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,roses4--,take ! leaves ( roses1 & p\nd or bruise !m3 !n /ratify !m ) an equal weight ( muriate ( soda1 9 a glaz$ e>!rn vessel3--:5 ?us fill$ to ! top1 cov] x well1 & set x 9 ! cell>1 & let x rema9 at re/ a mon? or m4 ,aft]w>ds1 /ra9 (f ! ess5ce !refrom1 ?r\gh a /rong clo? by pressure4 ,! ess5ce ?us procur$1 is q equal if n sup]ior = cul9>y purposes1 to t :i* is procur$ by di/illation4 #ib4 ,,to ,,prep>e ,,v>i\s ,,k9ds ,,( ,,ess5ces4--,! mann] ( extract+ ! ess5tial oils1 be+ att5d$ ) consid]able exp5se ( prep>ations1 ( /ills1 c4 a p>ticul> description ( ! process1 w\ld n1 x is presum$1 be suffici5tly int]e/+ to w>rant its ins]tion4 ,b ! mann] ( r$uc+ ! oils to ! /ate 9 :i* !y are m g5]ally sold1 & is di/+ui%$ by ! t]m ess5ces is z foll[s4 ,to half a p9t ( alcohol1 add "o ounce ( any ( ! ess5tial oils1 7lemon1 c9namon1 foxb]ry1 pepp]m9t1 c47 & %ake !m toge!r2 set ! mixture 9 a w>m place = a few m9utes1 & if !n any opaque or milky appe>ance rema9s1 a little m alcohol mu/ be add$4 ,:5 ?is has become cle>1 x may be dilut$ occasionally ) new rum4 ,! ess5ces ( foxb]ry & c9namon are col\r$ ) a few drops ( t9cture ( r$ saund]s2 & ! ess5ce ( lemon1 ) t9cture ( turm]ic4 #ic4 ,,to ,,prep>e ,,soda ,,wat]4--,only two articles are requisite = ?is prep>ation2 "o ( :i* is sup]-c>bonate ( soda1 or ( potass 7sal eratus17 & ! o!r is citric or t>t>ic acid4 ,! sup]-c>bonates are =m$ by pass+ a /ream ( c>bonic acid gas 7:i* is produc$ by add+ muriatic acid to pulv]iz$ m>ble7 ?r\gh a solution ( soda or potass 9 wat]2--!n evaporat+ till x cry/allizes4 ,citric acid is prep>$ f ! juice ( lemons2 & t>t>ic acid 7:i* is m g5]ally employ$7 is procur$ f sup]-t>trate ( potass4 ,b ^! be+ common articles ( comm]ce1 a m m9ute description ( ! process ( prep>+ !m1 may n1 9 ?is place1 be exp$i5t4 ,! comp\nd call$ soda p[d]s1 consi/s ( ab\t t5 gra9s ( ei!r ( ! sup]-c>bonates1 ) an equal quantity ( ei!r ( ! acids1 9 ea* pap]2 ?is comp\nd be+ dissolv$ 9 a glass ( wat]1 produces viol5t eff]vesc5ce1 & if drank (f at ! "t1 gives ! wat] a sm>t & agreeable acid ta/e4 ,! salt & acid1 if mix$ 9 p[d]1 mu/ be kept p]fectly dry2 o!rwise1 !y w\ld act on ea* o!r1 & soon be spoil$4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 !y are frequ5tly prep>$ 9 sep>ate pap]s1 & sold by sets4 ,soda wat] is simil>ly prep>$ on ! l>g] scale2 ! salts & acid be+ put into a cask ( wat]1 :i* is s conf9$1 t ! c>bonic acid c h no o!r v5t ?an by =c+ out ! wat] ?r\gh a pipe fix$ = ! purpose ) a tube1 c4 #id4 ,,to ,,produce ,,metallic ,,trees4 ,process #a4--,mix "o "p ( a saturat$ solution ( nitrate ( silv]1 ) tw5ty p>ts ( pure wat]1 & p\r ! mixture ^u two p>ts ( m]cury 9 a phial4 ,aft] "s "t 7! m]cury be+ left /&+ quietly17 ! bran*es & ! figure ( a tree1 =m$ ( brilliant silv]1 w appe> to gr[ f ! m]cury 9 a v beautiful mann]4 ,! silv] 9 solution be+ ?us robb$ ( its oxyg5 by ! metallic m]cury1 & consequ5tly precipitat$4 #ie4 ,process #b4--;,dissolve two dra*ms ( acetate ( lead1 9 six ounces ( wat]2 filt] ! solution1 & p\r x into a clean wide phial4 ,!n susp5d a granule ( z9c1 by a ?read or wire fa/5$ to ! cork ( ! phial1 9 ! middle ( ! solution1 & place ! phial :]e x w n be di/urb$4 ,aft] a few h\rs ! lead1 be+ de-oxydiz$ by ! z9c1 w be precipitat$ on ! z9c1 9 ! %ape ( leaves1 :i* w h a v brilliant appe>ance4 #if4 ,,to ,,t9 ,,copp] ,,by ,,boil+4--,boil half a p\nd ( granulat$ t91 & six ounces ( sup] t>trate ( potass 9 ?ree p9ts ( wat]2 :5 !y h boil$ half an h\r1 put 9 any piece ( copp] w>e1 & cont9ue ! boil+ fifte5 m9utes long]4 ,! copp] may !n be tak5 out1 & w h be5 h&somely coat$ ) t94 #ig4 ,a ,,metal ,,t ,,w ,,melt ,,9 ,,hot ,,wat]4--,melt toge!r eight p>ts ( bismu?1 five ( lead & ?ree ( t94 ,?is alloy1 ?\gh h>d & brilliant1 :5 cold1 is s easily fusible t x may be melt$ on a pap]1 be+ held ov] ! flame ( a c&le4 ,tea spoons may be made ( ?is comp\nd metal1 :i* may be melt$ by putt+ !m 9 a cup ( hot tea4 #ih4 ,,illu/ration ,,( ,,calico ,,pr9t+4--,x frequ5tly occurs1 t sub/ances ( diff]5t col\rs1 or ev5 )\t col\r1 by com+ 9 contact1 produce col\rs v diff]5t f t ( ei!r ( ! +r$i5ts :5 sep>ate2 ?us1 if a %eet ( pap] be /rip$ 9 "o direction ) a hair p5cil dipp$ 9 a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass2 & !n cross$ ) a solution ( sulphuric acid1 dilut$ ) five times z mu* wat]1 x w be col\rless2 b dip x 9 a mixture ( a weak solution ( sulphate ( iron1 & infusion ( nut galls1 & x w in/antly become a beautiful plaid2 ! gr\nd be+ purple1 /rip$ "o way ) black & cross$ ) :ite4 ,if a simil> pap] be /rip$ ) sub-c>bonate ( potass1 & cross$ ) infusion ( galls1 & aft]w>d dipp$ 9 a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 x w become purple1 yell[1 black & :ite4 ,dip a piece ( :ite calico 9 a cold solution ( sulphate ( iron & let x dry4 ,!n impr9t any figures ^u x ) a /rong solution ( col\rless citric acid1 & let ?is dry also4 ,if ! piece be !n well wa%$ 9 w>m wat]1 & aft]w>ds boil$ 9 a decoction ( log-wood1 ! gr\nd w be dy$ ei!r a slate or a black col\r1 accord+ to ! /r5g? ( ! metallic solution1 :ile ! pr9t$ figures w rema9 beautifully :ite4 ,/a9 "s p>ts ( a %eet ( pap] a purple br[n1 ) a mixture ( infusion ( galls & sulphate ( iron2 /a9 o!r p>ts gre5 ) a mixture ( t9ctures ( turm]ic & litmus2 /a9 o!r p>ts purple ) juice ( r$ cabbage2 o!r p>ts r$ ) t9cture ( litmus & muriatic acid2 o!r p>ts yell[ ) t9cture ( turm]ic2 wa% ! rema9d] ( ! %eet ) a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 :i* w rema9 :ite4 ,!n pr9t1 or draw ) a camel-hair p5cil1 any figure or figures on e "p ( ! pap]1 ) a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass4 ,on ! purple br[n1 ! figure w be black2 on ! gre5 x w be purple2 on ! purple x w be gre52 on ! r$ x w be blue2 on ! yell[1 r$2 & on ! :ite1 x w take a yell[ col\r4 ,?us ! figure w appe> 9 colors diff]5t f ! gr\nd 9 e "p4 ,imm]se a piece ( :ite cotton 9 a solution ( sulphate ( iron--x w rema9 :ite2 dip ano!r piece 9 t9cture ( turm]ic1 x w take a yell[2 wet ano!r piece ) juice ( r$ cabbage1 conta9+ also1 a few drops ( muriatic acid1--x w be r$2 dye ano!r piece gre51 by imm]s+ x 9 a mixture ( t9cture ( turm]ic & litmus2 & ano!r1 purple by a mixture ( infusion ( galls & sulphate ( iron4 ,let !m dry2 !n imm]se !m all toge!r 9 a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass4 ,! :ite w be *ang$ to a yell[2 ! yell[ to a r$2 ! r$ to gre52 ! gre5 to purple2 & ! purple to black2 & x is n improbable t "s black might be mat]ially *ang$ or blea*$ by ! same simple solution4 #ii4 ,,to ,,prep>e ,,an ,,imitation ,,( ,,gold ,,bronze4--,melt two ounces ( t91 & mix ) x "o ounce ( m]cury2 :5 ?is is cold pulv]ize x & add "o ounce ( muriate ( ammonia1 & "o ounce ( sulphur1 & gr9d !m all toge!r4 ,put ! comp\nd 9 a flask & heat x 9 a cle> fire 7c>efully avoid+ ! fumes7 till ! m]cury sublimes1 & rises 9 vap\r4 ,:5 ! vap\r ceases to rise1 take ! glass f ! fire4 ,a flaky gold color$ p[d] w rema9 9 ! flask1 :i* may be appli$ to ornam5tal "w 9 ! mann] ( gold bronze1 ( :i* x is a tol]able imitation4 #ajj4 ,,to ,,procure ,,! ,,exhil>at+ ,,gas4--,put a quantity ( nitrate ( ammonia into a flask1 & apply ! heat ( a lamp1 :i* mu/ be g5tle1 & well regulat$4 ,! salt w 9 a %ort "t liquify1 & mu/ !n be kept quietly simm]+1 avoid+ viol5t ebullition4 ,! gas w be evolv$1 & rise ?r\gh ! neck ( ! flask1 & may be collect$ 9 a bladd] conta9+ a small quantity ( wat]1 & %\ld be all[$ to /& a few h\rs1 & %ift$ into ano!r bladd]1 or silk v>ni%$ bag be=e x is us$4 ,?\gh ?is gas is n fitt$ to support life1 yet x may be respir$ = a %ort "t1 & ! effects produc$ by x ^u ! animal frame1 are its mo/ extraord9>y prop]ties4 ,! effects ( ?is gas1 are 9 g5]al1 highly pleasurable1 & resemble ^? att5dant on ! agreeable p]iod ( intoxication4 ,exquisite s5sations ( pleasure2 an irresi/ible prop5sity to laught]2 a rapid fl[ ( vivid ideas2 a /rong incitem5t to muscul> motion1 are ! ord9>y feel+s produc$ by x4 ,& :at is exce$+ly rem>kable1 is1 t ! intoxication ?us produc$1 in/ead ( be+ succe$$ by ! debility subsequ5t to intoxication by ard5t spirits1 does1 on ! contr>y1 g5]ally r5d] ! p]son :o takes x1 *e]ful & high spirit$ = ! rema9d] ( ! day4 #aja4 ,,con/ruction ,,( ,a ,,galvanic ,,pile ,,or ,,batt]y4--,procure fifty or m ?9 plates ( copp]1 & ! same numb] ( plates ( z9c1 all ( :i* may be ab\t ! size ( a doll>1 b n s ?ick4 ,! copp] & z9c plates1 may be ei!r ca/ 9 m\lds1 or may be cut out ( roll$ plates ( ! metals4 ,9 addition to ! plates ( copp] & z9c1 x is necess>y to be provid$ ) an equal numb] ( pieces ( wooll5 clo?1 r small] ?an ! metallick plates 9 size4 ,let ^! be soak$ 9 a solution ( muriate ( soda1 till !y h ?or\ghly imbib$ x2 !n take !m out ( ! solution1 & squeeze !m g5tly1 to =ce out ! sup]abundant wat]4 ,!n1 hav+ provid$ a circul> piece ( wood1 r l>g] ?an ! plates1 cov] x ) t9 foil1 & on ?is lay a plate ( z9c1 ^u t a plate ( copp]1 & !n a piece ( moi/5$ clo?2 next a plate ( z9c1 c4 ,cont9ue ?is arrangem5t ( z9c1 copp] & clo?1 till all ! pieces t h be5 provid$ are laid on4 ,z ! pile began ) z9c1 x mu/ be conclud$ ) copp]4 ,?is pile may be brac$ occasionally ) /rips ( glass to prev5t its be+ ov]?r[n1 ,fix ! end ( a piece ( metallic wire1 9 contact ) ! base1 & lay ! end ( ano!r piece ^u ! top ( ! pile2 if ?us1 ! opposite ends ( ! wire be br\ght 9 contact ) ea* o!r1 or if !y are connect$ by any conduct+ body1 s z to =m a circuit ( conductors1 ! pile w af=d a con/ant & p[]ful curr5t ( ! galvanic fluid ?r\gh !m = _m h\rs4 ,if ! h&s be moi/5$1 & "o ( !m appli$ to ea* ( ! wires1 a %ock w be receiv$4 ,gold & o!r metals h be5 melt$1 & ev5 burnt2 & potass1 soda & lime h be5 r$uc$ to _! respective metallic /ates1 by be+ made to =m "p ( a galvanic circuit4 ,:5 ! pile is n 9 use1 x %\ld be tak5 d[n1 :i* w pres]ve x f we>1 & ! plates w require to be cleans$ occasionally1 :i* may be easily done by dilut$ muriatic acid4 #ajb4 ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,oxy-,,hydrog5 ,,bl[-,,pipe4--,?is useful in/rum5t consi/s ( a cubical vessel1 made ( t9 plate1 be+ f t5 to tw5ty in*es 9 l5g?1 bread? & height4 ,! inside is divid$ into f\r equal ap>tm5ts1 by two p>titions1 cross+ ea* o!r 9 ! c5tre4 ,! two front ap>tm5ts are cov]$ at ! top1 & ea* ( !m h a tube fix$ 9 ! front side1 ne> ! top1 ) a /opcock4 ,! o!r ap>tm5ts are op5 at ! top1 & communicate ) ^? 9 front1 by a small ap]ture ne> ! bottom ( ea*4 ,^! ap>tm5ts be+ all fill$ ) wat]1 ^? 9 front are fill$1 ! "o ) oxyg51 & ! o!r ) hydrog5 gas1 :i* is done by =c+ ! gases into !m ?r\gh ! tubes 9 front1 :i* causes ! wat] to rec$e ?r\gh ! ap]ture at ! bottom1 & consequ5tly1 "p ( ! wat] is =c$ ov] ! top ( ! o!r ap>tm5ts2 or r1 may run (f ?r\gh small tubes1 fix$ = ! purpose1 ne> ! top1 simil> to ^? 9 front4 ,:5 ! front ap>tm5ts are fill$ ) ! gases1 7:i* may be kn[n by ! bubbl+ 9 ! o!rs7 ! tubes are /opp$1 & two lead5 pipes are fix$ 9 !m1 ! opposite ends ( :i*1 are s plac$1 t ! two /reams ( gas1 :5 expell$ f ! gas hold]s1 may come 9 contact v ne> ! ends ( ! pipes4 ,:5 ! tubes are op51 ! pressure ( ! wat] w expel ! gases1 & w consequ5tly settle1 & mu/ be repl5i%$1 s z to keep ! ap>tm5ts ne>ly full4 ,:5 ! two /reams ( gas are ignit$ at ! po9t ( contact1 a flame is produc$ ( suffici5t int5sity to burn gold1 silv]1 copp] or t91 ) a v brilliant combu/ion4 #ajc4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,dry ,,phosphoresc5t ,,p[d]4--,take "s ?ick oy/] %ells1 wa% !m1 & calc9e by keep+ !m r$ hot 9 an op5 fire = half an h\r3 !n1 select ! cle>e/ & :ite/ p>ts1 & r$uce !m to p[d]4 ,mix ?ree p>ts ( ?is p[d]1 ) "o ( ! fl\r ( sulphur2 fill a crucible ) ?is comp\nd1 press+ or beat+ x d[n z h>d & solid z may be1 )\t break+ ! crucible4 ,set ! crucible 9 ! fire1 & heat x mod]ately at fir/1 b increase ! heat gradually = an h\r1 9 :i* "t x mu/ approa* ne>ly to a :ite heat4 ,!n let x cool1 & aga9 select f ! mass1 ! :ite/ & pure/ p>ts1 :i* mu/ be pres]v$ 9 a phial ) a glass /opp]4 ,?is p[d] has ! peculi> prop]ty ( imbib+ ! rays ( ! sun 9 ! day "t1 & emitt+ !m aga9 9 ! night2 or if ! phial conta9+ x1 be expos$ = a few m9utes to ! direct rays ( ! sun & !n c>ri$ into a d>k room1 light en\gh w be evolv$ to r5d] x di/9ctly visible4 #ajd4 ,,curi\s ,,exp]im5t ,,( ,,precipitation4--,set five glasses on ! table1 & ne>ly fill "o ( !m ) a solution ( sulphate ( iron2 & ano!r ) a solution ( sulphate ( copp]2 a ?ird ) a solution ( nitrate ( bismu?2 p\r into ! f\r?1 a solution ( nitro-muriate ( cobalt1 & into ! fif? a solution ( acetate ( lead1 or sulphate ( z9c4 ,^! liquid solutions may all be dilut$ s z to be col\rless4 ,!n p\r into ea* glass1 a few drops ( a col\rless solution ( prussiate ( potass4 ,! cont5ts ( ! fir/ glass w be in/antly *ang$ to a full blue col\r2 ^? ( ! second to a r$di% br[n2 ^? ( ! ?ird1 to a yell[2 ! f\r? to a gre51 & ! fif? to a :ite4 ,?us five di/9ct col\rs w be giv51 by ! addition ( "o col\rless solution4 #aje4 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,beautiful ,,s(t ,,glass ,,= ,,jewelry4--,take six ounces ( clean f9e :ite s&1 ?ree ounces ( r$ lead1 ?ree ounces ( pure sub-c>bonate ( potass1 "o ounce ( nitrate ( potass1 half an ounce ( borate ( soda1 & two dra*ms ( ars5ic2 mix & p\nd !m all toge!r4 ,put ! comp\nd 9 a crucible1 & set x 9 a common fire1 (t5 /irr+ x ) an iron rod1 till x is well melt$1 & becomes transp>5t4 ,?is comp\nd w liquify v easily )\t any great heat1 if ! s& is f9e1 7:i* sometimes requires to be gr\nd or p\nd$ 9 a glass or fl9t mort>17 & if x be kept melt$ a:ile1 w become beautifully transp>5t1 & may be ca/ or bl[n 9 ! mann] ( o!r glass4 ,?is glass may be *ang$ to a r$ or ruby col\r1 by add+ & fus+ toge!r ) x1 a small quantity ( f9ely p[d]$ precipitate ( gold1 7gold precipitat$ f solution 9 nitro-muriatic acid by ! addition ( t947 ,x may be also *ang$ to blue by ! addition ( zaffre1 7an ore ( cobalt17 & magnesia3 a gre5 col\r may be giv5 by a precipitate ( copp]2 & yell[ by calc9$ iron1 & :ite by calc9$ bones4 ,?is subject is treat$ ( l>gely 9 ! ,h&maid ( ! ,arts1 to :i*1 = fur!r in=mation on ! subject1 ! read] is ref]r$4 #ajf4 ,,composition ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,k9ds ,,( ,,glass4--,! be/ fl9t glass is compos$ ( #abi lbs4 ( :ite s&1 #ej lbs4 ( r$ lead1 #dj lbs4 ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 #bj lbs4 ( nitrate ( potass1 & #e oz4 ( magnesia4 ,! be/ cr[n glass is compos$ ( #fj lbs4 ( :ite s&1 #cj lbs4 ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 #ae lbs4 ( nitrate ( potass1 #a lb4 ( borate ( soda & #a_/b lb4 ( ars5ic4 ,! composition ( common gre5 w9d[ glass1 is #abj lbs4 ( :ite s&1 #cj lbs4 ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 #fj lbs4 ( wood a%es1 #bj lbs4 ( muriate ( soda & #e lbs4 ( ars5ic4 ,! composition = look+ glass plates1 is #fj lbs4 ( clean :ite s&1 #be lbs4 ( purifi$ sub-c>bonate ( potass1 #ae lbs4 ( nitrate ( potass1 & #g lbs4 ( borate ( soda4 ,common gre5 bottle glass is made f #bjj lbs4 ( wood a%es1 & #ajj lbs4 ( s&4 ,! mat]ials = mak+ glass1 is fir/ r$uc$ to p[d]2 !n mix$ & expos$ to a /rong heat1 9 suitable pots & furnaces1 till ! :ole mass liquifies & becomes ?or\ghly commix$ & transp>5t4 #ajg4 ,,composition ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,alloys4--,brass is compos$ ( two p>ts ( copp] to "o ( z9c2 or copp] & calam9e1 7an ore ( z9c17 equal quantities4 ,p9*beck consi/s ( f five to t5 p>ts copp]1 & "o ( z9c4 ,bell metal is compos$ ( ?ree p>ts copp] & "o ( t94 ,gun metal1 n9e p>ts copp] & "o ( t94 ,tombac1 sixte5 p>ts copp]1 "o "p z9c & "o ( t94 ,! composition ( pewt] is sev5 p\nds ( t91 "o ( lead1 f\r ounces ( copp] & two ( z9c4 ,t ( type-metal is n9e p>ts lead1 two p>ts antimony & "o ( bismu?4 ,sold]1 two p>ts ( lead ) "o ( t94 ,que5's metal1 n9e p>ts ( t91 "o ( bismu?1 "o ( antimony & "o ( lead4 ,jewel gold is compos$ ( tw5ty-five p>ts gold1 f\r p>ts silv]1 & sev5 p>ts f9e copp]4 ,9 =m+ metallic comp\nds or alloys1 x is prop] to melt su* ( ! +r$i5ts z are ! lea/ fusible fir/1 & aft]w>ds add ! o!rs1 /irr+ !m briskly till !y are ?or\ghly commix$4 #ajh4 ,,to ,,produce ,,v>i\s ,,k9ds ,,( ,,gas4--,to ?ree or f\r ounces ( pulv]iz$ *alk or m>ble1 moi/5$ 9 a flask1 ) an equal quantity ( wat]1 add "o ounce ( sulphuric acid2--c>bonic acid gas w be evolv$ 9 abundance1 & w rise ?r\gh ! neck ( ! flask1 & may be conduct$ by pipes1 to any prop] receiv]4 ,in/ead ( ! m>ble or *alk1 sub/itute granulat$ z9c2--9 ?is case hydrog5 gas w be evolv$2 b ?is may require a l>g] proportion ( wat]4 ,p\r sulphuric acid ^u a simil> quantity ( dry muriate ( soda2--muriatic acid gas w be rapidly evolv$4 ,proce$ 9 ! same mann] ) a simil> quantity ( black oxide ( manganese1--apply ! heat ( a lamp1 & oxyg5 gas w be produc$4 ,put into ! flask1 two or ?ree ounces ( lean beef1 cut into small pieces2 p\r ov] !m "o ounce ( nitric acid dilut$ ) ?ree ounces ( wat]2 apply ! heat ( a lamp1 & nitrog5 gas w be lib]at$4 ,p[d] sep>ately1 equal quantities ( muriate ( ammonia & newly burnt lime2 put !m toge!r into a flask & apply g5tle heat2 ammoniacal gas w be evolv$4 ,p\r an ounce ( nitric acid1 dilut$ ) five times its weight ( wat]1 ^u "o ounce ( %r$s or turn+s ( copp]2 nitr\s gas w be rapidly evolv$4 ,gr9d ?ree p>ts ( muriate ( soda ) two p>ts ( black oxide ( manganese2 introduce ?is mixture into ! flask1 & add two p>ts ( sulphuric acid1 dilut$ ) an equal quantity ( wat]2 apply a g5tle heat & *lor9e gas w be evolv$4 ,note4--,:5 ei!r ( ! la/ m5tion$ gases are produc$1 great caution is requisite t !y d n escape into ! room1 9 any consid]able quantity1 z _! action on ! lungs is exce$+ly injuri\s4 #aji4 ,,v>i\s ,,*emical ,,te/s4--,:5 wat] is suspect$ to hold any =eign sub/ance 9 solution1 v>i\s means may be us$ to detect & asc]ta9 ! quality ( ! sub/ances comb9$2 ?us1 acids may be detect$ by imm]s+ 9 ! wat]1 a slip ( litmus color$ pap]1 :i*1 if acid be pres5t1 w be *ang$ to r$4 ,9 ! same mann]1 alkalies may be detect$ by a /rip ( turm]ic yell[ pap]1 :i* w be also *ang$ to r$ by alkalies4 ,^! te/s are s5sible to ! pres5ce ( an acid or alkali 9 ! proportion ( "o to t5 ?\s&4 ,iron may be detect$ by a drop ( infusion ( galls1 :i* w give to ! wat] 7if iron be pres5t7 a br[n t+e4 ,a drop ( sulphuric acid1 precipitates b>ites 9 ! =m ( a :ite p[d]4 ,cle> transp>5t lime-wat] 7wat] 9 :i* lime has be5 slak$ & !n suff]$ to settle7 w indicate ! pres5ce ( c>bonic acid by a milky :it5ess4 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 a solution ( sup]-c>bonate ( potass w detect lime4 ,a few drops ( nitrate ( silv] w in/antly discov] muriatic acid1 by a :ite flaky precipitate4 ,muriatic acid1 consequ5tly1 is a good te/ = silv]4 ,acetate ( lead1 9 solution1 is a te/ = sulphuret$ hydrog51 :i* occasions a precipitate ( a black col\r4 ,nitrate ( m]cury is an excell5t te/ = ammonia1 "o "p ( :i*1 ) #cj1jjj p>ts ( wat] is indicat$ by a blacki% yell[ t+e on add+ ! te/4 ,liquid ammonia is a v s5sible te/ = copp]1 ) :i* x /rikes a f9e blue col\r4 ,nitro-muriate ( gold w discov] ! pres5ce ( t91 by a beautiful purple precipitate4 ,nitro-muriate ( t9 is1 on ! same pr9ciple1 an excell5t te/ = gold4 #aaj4 ,,to ,,produce ,a ,,picture ,,in/antly1 ,,9 ,a ,,v>iety ,,( ,,col\rs4--,pa9t any picture on pap] 9 ! usual way1 only in/ead ( col\rs1 use ! foll[+ sub/itutes3 = gre51 use a solution ( nitro-muriate ( cobalt1 = blue1 a solution ( sulphate ( iron--= yell[1 a solution ( nitrate ( bismu?--& = a br[n1 a solution ( sulphate ( copp]4 ,any ( ^! solutions may be m or less dilut$1 z ! respective p>ts ( ! picture are to be light or d>k1 b none ( !m mu/ be /rong en\gh to col\r ! pap]4 ,?is pictture is invisible3 b :5 x is requir$ to appe>1 ! pap] may be tack$ up on ! wall1 & hav+ a glass ( ! transp>5t solution ( prussiate ( potass 7:i* by sight _c be di/+ui%$ f cle> wat]7 da%$ sudd5ly ^u x1 ! picture w in/antly appe> 9 its full col\rs4 ,a simil> effect may be produc$1 by draw+ ! picture ) infusion ( galls1 & sub-c>bonate ( potass2 ?is is reviv$ by a solution ( sulphate ( iron1 & appe>s 9 a yell[ & a br[n col\r4 #aaa4 ,a ,,*eap ,,imitation ,,( ,,silv] ,,bronze4--,put into a crucible1 an ounce ( pure t91 & set x on a fire to melt2 :5 x beg9s to melt1 add to x an equal quantity ( bismu?1 & /ir ! mixture ) an iron rod till ! :ole is entirely melt$ & incorporat$4 ,take ! crucible !n f ! fire1 & aft] ! melt$ composition has become a little cool]1 b :ile x is yet 9 a fluid /ate1 p\r into x gradually1 an ounce ( m]cury1 /irr+ x at ! same "t1 t ! m]cury may be ?or\ghly conjo9$ ) ! o!r +r$i5ts4 ,:5 ! :ole is ?us commix$1 p\r ! mass out ( ! crucible on a /one1 :]e1 z x cools1 x w take ! =m ( an amalgam1 or metallic pa/e2 :i* w be easily bruis$ into a flaky p[d]1 & may !n be appli$ to siz$ figures 9 ! mann] ( gold or silv] bronze1 or may be temp]$ ) gum-wat]1 & appli$ to ! "w ) a bru% or camel-hair p5cil2 & if prop]ly secur$ ) v>ni% or laqu]s w be ev5 m durable ?an ei!r silv] leaf or silv] bronze4 #aab4 ,,to ,,make ,,crayons ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,col\rs4--,crayons or pa/ils consi/ ( v>i\s col\r$ pigm5ts or pa9ts1 =m$ into /icks or rolls = ! purpose ( draw+ & %ad+ ) !m 9 ! mann] ( lead p5cils4 ,b t !y may be ( uni=m texture or h>dness1 diff]5t +r$i5ts & mat]ials require "s v>iation 9 ! managem5t4 ,to make :ite crayons1 no?+ m is requisite ?an to mix sup]f9e or ref9$ :it+ ) alcohol1 to ! consi/5ce ( s(t putty2 =m x into rolls ( a conv5i5t l5g? & size & let !m dry3 or ! :it+ may be mix$ ) wat] & a suffici5t quantity ( burnt or calc9$ sulphate ( lime to give ! crayons a suffici5t degree ( h>dness :5 dry4 ,a great v>iety ( elegant light col\rs may be =m$ by add+ to ! :it+ prep>$ z above1 small quantities ( any ( ! col\r$ pigm5ts4 ,! mo/ prop] colors = crayons are lamp-black1 prussian blue1 burnt umb]1 burnt t]ra-de-si5na1 r$ o*re1 v]milion1 lake1 rose-p9k1 *rome yell[1 yell[ o*re & m9]al gre54 ,_m o!r h&some gre5s are =m$ by mix+ *rome yell[ ) prussian blue1 v>y+ ! proportions2 & purples are produc$ by mix+ rose p9k or lake ) blue4 ,prussian blue & lake be+ ea* naturally ( a b9d+ nature1 require only to be gr\nd 9 wat]2 b r$ o*re & v]milion %\ld be gr\nd 9 alcohol1 or may h "s quantity ( ! sulphate ( lime mix$ ) !m4 ,any ( ^! col\rs may be mix$ 9 any proportion ) :it+ or ) ea* o!r1 ea* comp\nd hav+ a suffici5t proportion ( ! sulphate ( lime1 to give x a prop] degree ( h>dness & /r5g? :5 dry4 ,! prop] l5g? = crayons is f two to ?ree in*es1 & ! size ab\t ! same z t ( a tobacco-pipe /em4 ,x is cu/om>y 9 mak+ crayons1 to h at h& a l>ge piece ( *alk ) a plane surface1 on :i* to lay ! crayons z soon z !y are roll$2 ! *alk absorbs a "p ( ! moi/ure1 :i* makes !m dry ! soon] & )\t crack+4 #aac4 ,,to ,,make ,,h>d ,,seal+ ,,wax1 ,,( ,,v>i\s ,,col\rs4--,take ( gum-%ellac & ros9 ea* two ounces2 & ( gum-ma/ic "o ounce2 r$uce !m to p[d] & mix & melt !m toge!r ov] a g5tle fire4 ,!n if a r$ col\r is requir$1 add to ! mixture "o ounce ( f9e v]milion2 = a black col\r1 add half an ounce ( a mixture ( lamp black ) rum2 = a blue1 half an ounce ( :ite lead ) "o f\r? ( an ounce ( prussian blue2 :i* %\ld be previ\sly gr\nd toge!r dry4 ,to give a gre5 col\r1 add f9ely gr\nd v]degris2 a yell[ is produc$ by *rome yell[ or gamboge2 & :ite1 by add+ pure :ite lead to ! mixture4 ,:5 ! desir$ col\r is =m$ by ! mixture & incorporation ( any ( ! above m5tion$ col\r+ +r$i5ts1 take out a "p ( ! mixture1 suffici5t to =m a /ick or roll ( ! usual size1 & roll x betwe5 two smoo? metallic plates1 :i* %\ld also be previ\sly w>m$ to prev5t ! wax f becom+ too h>d4 ,:5 ! /ick is r$uc$ to a prop] size1 flatt5 x a little & let x cool4 ,proce$ 9 ! same mann] ) ! re/ ( ! composition2 aft]w>d hold ea* /ick sev]ally ov] a fire ( *>coal1 turn+ x quickly till ! surface ( ! wax is completely melt$1 by :i* means ! /icks w h acquir$ a v smoo? & %9+ poli% at ! surface1 :i* !y w reta9 :5 cold aga94 ,if a s(t] wax is requir$1 a small quantity ( bees-wax & ( l9se$ oil may be add$ to ! above composition1 or may be sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( ! gum-ma/ic4 #aad4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,manufactur+ ,,pap] ,,hang+s4--,?is bus9ess1 :i* has be5 usually1 ?\gh improp]ly t]m$ pap] /a9+1 consi/s pr9cipally 9 /amp+ or pa9t+ v>i\s figures 9 wat] col\rs on pap]4 ,! pap] = ?is purpose is =m$ into long /rips or rolls1 by pa/+ ! edges ( sev]al %eets toge!r4 ,! edges ( ! %eets %\ld n lap on ea* o!r m ?an half an in*1 & ! usual l5g? ( a roll is ab\t n9e y>ds4 ,^! rolls are fir/ pa9t$ pla9 ) a l>ge bru%2 ! pa9t is compos$ ( ref9$ :it+ ) "s col\r+ +r$i5t1 be+ gr\nd 9 wat] & temp]$ ) a suffici5t quantity ( glue to prev5t x f rubb+ (f2 :5 a new design or figure is to be introduc$1 sev]al col\rs are prep>$1 i4e4 z _m z are requir$ 9 su* design1 & ) ^! ! design is pa9t$ on a %eet ( pap]4 ,! pap] is !n laid on a smoo? bir* or maple bo>d1 & su* p>ts ( ! pap] z conta9 ! col\r t 0 la/ appli$ 9 ! draw+ 7:i* is usually ! :ite7 are completely cut out1 ) a %>p p5-knife1 & ! p>ts ?us cut out1 are pa/$ d[n ^u ! bo>d1 imm$iately1 9 ! places & positions !y occupi$ 9 ! design4 ,! %eet is !n remov$ to ano!r bo>d1 & ano!r col\r is cut out 9 ! same mann]2 ?us ! sev]al col\rs are di/ribut$ 9 _! prop] arrangem5ts on z _m diff]5t bo>ds4 ,ea* bo>d is !n cut away ) *isels & g\ges1 to ! dep? ( a f\r?1 or an eigh? ( an in*1 9 e "p except :]e ! pieces ( pap] are fix$4 ,^! bo>ds or pr9ts are support$ by o!r ?9 pieces1 :i* are fix$ firmly on ! backs ( !m by screws1 9 su* mann] t ! gra9 ( "o1 crosses t ( ! o!r1 & ?us prev5ts _! w>p+4 ,!y h also cleats or p9s atta*$ to !m :i* s]ve z h&les4 ,a tr\gh is provid$1 a little l>g] ?an ! pr9ts1 ( "o in* 9 dep?1 & hav+ a smoo? bottom1 on :i* is laid ?ree or f\r pieces ( f9e flannel or cassim]e1 ea* ( :i* is at lea/ z l>ge z ! pr9ts4 ,!n "s ( ! col\r ) :i* ! fir/ "p ( ! design 0 pa9t$1 is spread ^u ! clo? ) a bru%2 & ^u ?is1 ! pr9t conta9+ ! correspond+ p>ts ( ! figure1 is press$1 7! pieces ( pap] hav+ be5 previ\sly scrap$ (f27 ! pr9t be+ ?us *>g$ ) ! col\r1 is plac$ ^u "o end ( a roll ( ! prep>$ pap]1 :i* is laid on a table = t purpose1 & is press$ d[n h>d by a lev] or screw4 ,x is !n return$ to ! tr\gh1 & aga9 *>g$ ) ! col\r1 & aga9 impress$ on ! pap] at a prop] di/ance above ! o!r impression4 ,9 ?is mann] sev]al rolls are pr9t$ ) "o col\r4 ,!n ! next col\r 9 ! design is appli$ to ! pap] 9 ! same mann] by ano!r pr9t2--a ?ird col\r by a ?ird pr9t & s on till ! pap] is completely pr9t$ ) e col\r 9 ! design1 ea* 9 its prop] place4 ,^! pr9ts %\ld be wa%$ & kept dry = future use4 ,a v>iety ( figures may be produc$ ) ! same pr9t1 by v>y+ ! col\rs4 #aae4 ,,to ,,make ,,ela/ic ,,black+ ,,= ,,lea!r4--,dilute "o ounce ( gum-asphaltum ) a p9t ( spirits ( turp5t9e1 9 ! mann] describ$ at #ea2--put ?is into a flask1 & add "o ounce ( gum-ela/ic cut into v small pieces1 & half an ounce ( gum-%ellac previ\sly r$uc$ to p[d]4 ,susp5d ! flask un/opp$ ov] a fire ( *>coal1 or set x 9 a s& ba? :]e x may boil g5tly till ! quantity is r$uc$ to a gill2 !n /ra9 x ?r\gh a flannel1 & :5 ne>ly cold1 bottle & cork x4 ,! lea!r %\ld be ?or\ghly black5$ ) "s liquid black+ & wax$ ov] slightly ) bees-wax be=e ! ela/ic black+ is appli$4 ,if ! black+ %\ld be too ?ick1 x may aga9 be dilut$ ) spirits ( turp5t9e4 ,x %\ld be w>m$ :5 appli$1 & ! "w may require sev]al coats1 & a consid]able "t = ea* to dry4 ,any ( ! above m5tion$ gums may also be dissolv$ 9 sulphuric e!r1 & ?us produce a f9e dry+ v>ni%1 b ! prep>ation is mu* m difficult z ! volatile nature ( ! e!r w n admit ( mu* heat1 :]eby to facilitate ! solution4 #aaf4 ,,sundry ,,exp]im5ts4--,rub toge!r a little dry p[d]$ alum1 & acetate ( lead2 bo? w become fluid4 ,to a saturat$ solution ( muriate ( lime1 add a saturat$ solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 7bo? transp>5t liquids17 ! mixture w be ne>ly solid4 ,rub toge!r a little pure :ite calomel 7sublim$ m]cury7 & pure :ite ammonia 7be+ moi/5$27 bo? w become int5sely black4 ,fill a flask ne>ly half full ( wat]1 & apply heat till x boils2 take x f ! fire & 7:5 x has done boil+7 cork x2 p\r cold wat] ^u ! flask1 & ! wat] inside w re-comm5ce boil+4 ,fill a glass ) wat]1 & lay a piece ( pap] ^u ! top ( x2 place y\r h& ^u ! pap]1 & inv]t ! glass2 ! h& may be remov$ & ! glass may be susp5d$ 9 t position by a ?read1 & ! wat] w n be spill$4 ,expose a piece ( ice to ! action ( 7cold7 muriatic gas2 ! ice w be in/antly melt$4 ,drop a piece ( phosphuret ( lime1 into a glass ( wat]2 bubbles w soon rise1 & on rea*+ ! surface ( ! wat] w spontane\sly explode4 ,apply ! end ( a roll ( brim/one to a hot b> ( iron2 a "p ( ! iron w be in/antly melt$1 & w fall4 ,write ) dilut$ sulphuric acid1 on pap] t has be5 col\r$ br[n by a mixture ( sulphate ( iron1 & infusion ( galls2 ! writ+ w be :ite4 ,moi/5 ! "u lip1 & lay ^u x a piece ( silv] money1 7n less ?an a tw5ty c5t piece7 ) ! edge ( x b5ea? ! tongue2 lay a piece ( z9c1 ( ne>ly an equal size1 ^u ! tongue1 & br+ ! edges ( ! pieces ( metal into contact2 y w in/antly drop ! money4 ,app5dix4 ,a catalogue ( ! v>i\s articles m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ pages1 ) ! prices1 explanations1 c4 -- ,! articles :i* h ?is m>k 99 prefix$ may be procur$ at #ace1 ,wa%+ton-/reet1 ,bo/on4 ,,acetate ,,( ,,cobalt1 produc$ by dige/+ ! oxide ( cobalt 9 /rong v9eg>1 ,cts4 99 ,,acetate ,,( ,,lead1 7sug> ( lead7 procur$ by dissolv+ :ite lead 9 v9eg>1 & evaporat+1 oz4 #f 99 ,,acetic ,,acid1 v9eg> conc5trat$ by di/illation1 pt4 #be 99 ,,alcohol1 rectifi$ _s ( w9e1 pt4 #be 99 ,,alum1 sulphate ( alum9e & potass1 oz4 #c 99 ,,ammonia1 7h>t%orn7 a volatile alkali1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,antimony1 a d>k por\s metal1 oz4 #f 99 ,,bees ,,wax1 a yell[i% res9\s sub/ance procur$ f honey1 or honey combs1 oz4 #f 99 ,,bismu?1 7t9 glass7 a r$di% :ite metal1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,boracic ,,acid1 procur$ by add+ sulphuric acid to a hot solution ( borax2 ! acid cry/allizes1 oz4 #ajj 99 ,,brazil-,,wood1 7r$-wood17 lb4 #f 99 ,,borate ,,( ,,soda1 ,,or ,,sub-,,borate ,,( ,,soda1 7borax7 is br\ght f ! ,ea/-,indies 9 an impure /ate call$ t9cal1 oz4 #f ,,burni% ,,gold-,,size1 & ,,burni%]s1 may be _h ( ,bittle & ,coop]1 ,pemb]ton's-hill1 ,bo/on1 prices v>i\s1 99 ,,camphor1 obta9$ f a species ( laurel tree1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,copp]1 7,fr5* gre57 produc$ by add+ a solution ( sup]-c>bonate ( soda1 to a hot solution ( sulphate ( copp]1 lb4 #ej 99 ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,lead1 7:ite lead7 is =m$ by expos+ ?9 %eets ( lead to ! vap\r ( v9eg>1 aft] :i* !y ab/ract ! c>bonic acid f ! atmosph]e1 lb4 #af 99 ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,/rontia1 a native m9]al1 oz4 #ej ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,lime1 7m>ble1 *alk7 a native e>?1 99 ,,*lorate ,,( ,,potass1 procur$ by pass+ a curr5t ( *lor9e gas ?r\gh a solution ( pe>l-a%1 oz4 #ajj 99 ,,*rome ,,yell[1 a pigm5t1 is =m$ by ! comb9ation ( a metallic sub/ance ) ! *romic acid1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,cobalt1 7,zaffre7 a metal ( a r$di% grey col\r2 :5 expos$ to a g5tle heat1 x becomes oxidiz$ & takes ! =m ( a black p[d]1 oz4 #ej 99 ,,citric ,,acid1 procur$ f lemons1 limes1 c41 oz4 #ge 99 ,,calomel1 :ite sublimate ( m]cury1 oz4 #bj 99 ,,dragon',s ,,blood1 a r$ mucilage extract$ f a plant1 oz4 #aj 99 ,,fluate ,,( ,,lime1 7fluor sp>7 is f\nd 9 abundance 9 ,d]by%ire1 ,engl&1 its acid con/itu5t has ! peculi> prop]ty ( dissolv+ glass1 lb4 #ej 99 ,,frank=t ,,black1 :i* takes its "n f ,frank=t1 9 ,g]many1 is manufactur$ f ! lees ( w9e1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,gamboge1 a yell[ opaque gum1 or mucilage1 oz4 #af 99 ,,glue1 7gelat9e7 a jelly procur$ f sk9s ( animals1 lb4 #be 99 ,,gold ,,bronze1 gold 9 f9e p[d]1 pwt4 #ge 99 ,,gold ,,leaf1 ?9 lam9as ( gold1 book #de 99 ,,gum-,,arabic1 a mucilag9\s sub/ance t exudes f c]ta9 trees 9 ,arabia1 oz4 #f 99 ,,gum-,,asphaltum1 a bitum51 or m9]al pit*1 oz4 #h 99 ,,gum-,,copal1 a h>d transp>5t res91 lb4 #dj 99 ,,gum-,,ela/ic1 7indian rubb]1 ca\t*\c7 exudes f trees 9 ! ,we/-,indies1 oz4 #h 99 ,,gum-,,s&>ac1 a res91 simil> to ros9 b mu* h>d]1 lb4 #ajj 99 ,,gum-,,%ellac1 a comp\nd1 res9\s sub/ance1 procur$ f ! ne/s1 or cells ( an insect1 oz4 #f 99 ,,gum-,,ma/ic1 a h>d1 transp>5t res91 lb4 #ajj 99 ,,is+-,,glass1 a k9d ( transp>5t glue procur$ f v>i\s k9ds ( fi%1 oz4 #be 99 ,,lake1 7drop lake7 a rose col\r$ pigm5t1 prep>$ f brazil wood1 oz4 #bjj 99 ,,lead1 a br[n heavy metal1 lb4 #ab ,,lime1 an oxide ( calcium1 is procur$ by calc9+ lime /one1 m>ble or *alk1 99 ,,l9se$ ,,oil1 is express$ f gr\nd flaxse$1 pt4 #ae 99 ,,li?>ge1 7gold li?>ge7 an oxide ( lead1 oz4 #d 99 ,,litmus1 a blue col\r+ vegetable1 oz4 #aj 99 ,,m]cury1 7quick silv]7 a metal t rema9s fluid 9 ! common temp]ature ( ! atmosph]e1 oz4 #h 99 ,,muriate ,,( ,,ammonia1 7sal ammoniac7 is =m$ by add+ muriatic acid to liquid ammonia1 evaporat+1 c41 oz4 #f ,,muriate ,,( ,,soda1 7cul9>y salt7 is procur$ by evaporat+ ! wat] ( ! ocean1 99 ,,muriate ,,( ,,/rontia1 procur$ by dissolv+ native c>bonate ( /rontia1 9 muriatic acid1 & evaporat+1 oz4 #ge ,,muriate ,,( ,,lime1 =m$ by evaporat+ a solution ( m>ble 9 muriatic acid1 99 ,,muriatic ,,acid1 7m>9e acid1 _s ( salt7 is extract$ f sea-salt1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,nitrate ,,( ,,ammonia1 procur$ by dissolv+ c>bonate ( ammonia 7common smell+ salts7 9 nitric acid1 oz4 #bj 99 ,,nitrate ,,( ,,potass1 7nitre1 salt-petre7 may be procur$ by add+ nitric acid to a solution ( sub-c>bonate ( potass1 & cry/alliz+ by evaporation1 oz4 #c 99 ,,nitrate ,,( ,,/rontia1 procur$ ! same z ! muriate1 oz4 #ge 99 ,,nitric ,,acid1 7aqua=tis7 is obta9$ by di/ill+ two p>ts ( sulphuric acid1 toge!r ) "o "p ( salt-petre1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,nut ,,galls1 are =m$ on ! leaves ( a species ( oak1 oz4 #f 99 ,,olive ,,oil1 7sweet oil17 oz4 #c 99 ,,oil ,,( ,,c9namon1 extract$ f c9namon by di/illation1 oz4 #ge 99 ,,oil ,,( ,,rosem>y1 procur$ also by di/illation1 oz4 #be 99 ,,orange ,,lead1 a sc>let pigm5t simil> to r$ lead1 oz4 #c 99 ,,oxide ,,( ,,manganese1 a black p[d] consi/+ ( a metal comb9$ ) oxyg51 oz4 #aj 99 ,,phosphorus1 a simple sub/ance procur$ f bones2 its greate/ peculi>ity is extraord9>y combu/ibility1 oz4 #bjj 99 ,,phosphuret ,,( ,,lime1 a comb9ation ( lime & phosphorus1 oz4 #bjj 99 ,,plumbago1 7black lead7 a c>buret ( iron1 lb4 #af 99 ,,potassium1 ! metallic base ( potass1 may be readily obta9$ f pe>l a% by any "o :o has a galvanic app>atus1 99 ,,prussiate ,,( ,,iron1 7prussian blue7 may be =m$ by add+ prussiate ( potass1 to a solution ( copp]as1 oz4 #be 99 ,,prussiate ,,( ,,potass1 a comb9ation ( potass & prussic acid1 oz4 #ej 99 ,,pumice ,,/one1 lb4 #ab 99 ,,r$ ,,lead1 7m9ium7 is obta9$ by melt+ lead 9 an op5 vessel1 & expos+ x 9 t /ate to ! action ( ! atmosph]ic air1 oz4 #c 99 ,,r$ ,,o*re1 7spani% br[n7 a native oxide ( iron1 lb4 #f 99 ,,ros91 ! res9\s "p ( turp5t9e1 lb4 #f 99 ,,silv] ,,bronze1 pwt4 #ej 99 ,,silv] ,,leaf1 book #cj 99 ,,slip ,,blue1 7wet blue7 an aque\s prep>ation ( prussian blue1 lb4 #cj 99 ,,spirits ,,( ,,turp5t9e1 7oil ( turp5t9e7 is procur$ by di/ill+ common or crude turp5t9e2 ! residuum is ros91 pt4 #ab 99 ,,sub-,,acetate ,,( ,,copp]1 7v]digris17 oz4 #c 99 ,,sub-,,c>bonate ,,( ,,potass1 7pe>la%7 potass ref9$ by calc9ation1 lb4 #ab 99 ,,sulphate ,,( ,,copp]1 7blue vitriol1 roman vitriol17 oz4 #c 99 ,,sulphate ,,( ,,iron1 7copp]as1 gre5 vitriol17 oz4 #f ,,sulphate ,,( ,,lime1 7plai/] ( p>is1 alaba/]1 gypsum17 99 ,,sulphate ,,( ,,z9c1 7:ite vitriol17 oz4 #c 99 ,,sulphur 7brim/one7 is g5]ally f\nd comb9$ ) ores ( metals1 oz4 #c 99 ,,sulphuric ,,acid1 7oil ( vitriol7 ! cond5s$ vap\r ( burn+ sulphur1 oz4 #af 99 ,,sulphuric ,,e!r1 procur$ by di/ill+ alcohol ) sulphuric acid1 oz4 #be 99 ,,sup] ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,potass 7sal eratus7 is =m$ by pass+ a curr5t ( c>bonic acid gas1 ?r\gh a solution ( pe>l a%1 oz4 #c 99 ,,sup] ,,c>bonate ,,( ,,soda1 may be prep>$ 9 ! same mann] f ! sub-c>bonate1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,sup] ,,t>trate ,,( ,,potass 7cream ( t>t>7 is f\nd encru/$ on ! sides ( casks 9 :i* w9e has be5 kept1 oz4 #d 99 ,,t>t>ic ,,acid1 procur$ f cream ( t>t>1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,t]ra-,,de-,,si5na1 an oxide ( iron t becomes d>k r$ by burn+1 oz4 #f 99 ,,t91 7gra91 or granulat$ t917 oz4 #ab 99 ,,t9 ,,foil1 metallic t9 roll$ to ?9 lam9as or %eets l pap]1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,turm]ic1 ! root ( a vegetable1 oz4 #c 99 ,,umb]1 a br[n e>? t becomes ne>ly black by burn+1 oz4 #c 99 ,,v5ice ,,turp5t9e1 oz4 #f 99 ,,v]milion1 a sulphuret ( m]cury1 is sometimes f\nd native1 b may be procur$ by gr9d+ sulphur & m]cury toge!r1 & heat+ !m1 fir/ 9 an op5 vessel1 till ! mixture takes a violet col\r2 & aft]w>d 9 a flask or matrass1 oz4 #ab 99 ,,:it+1 7,spani% :ite7 ref9$1 lb4 #ab 99 ,,yell[ ,,o*re1 7spruce yell[7 an oxide ( iron1 lb4 #ab 99 ,,z9c 7spelt]7 a metal ( :i*1 ) copp]1 brass is made1 oz4 #c