,,climb+ ,,9 ,,! ,,briti% ,,isles       
,,engl&       ,,climb+   ,,9 ,,!        
,,briti% ,,isles    #c vols4 #afmo4     
,sold sep>ately4    ,i4 ,,engl&4   ,,ii4
 ,,wales4     ,9 prep>ation4   ,,iii4   
,,scotl&4 ,9 prep>ation4    ,,london ,,&
 ,,new ,,york3   ,,longmans1 ,,gre51 ,,&
 ,,co4       ,,climb+   ,,9   ,,!       
,,briti% ,,isles    ,i4--,,engl&    ,,by
   ,w4,p4 ,,haskett ,,smi?1 ,m4,a4      
,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,alp9e ,,club    ,,)   
,,tw5ty-,,?ree ,,illu/rations   ,,by    
,,ellis ,,c>r   ,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,alp9e 
,,club    ,,& ,,five ,,plans    ,,london
   ,,longmans1 ,,gre51 ,,& ,,co4   ,,&  
,,new ,,york3 #ae ,,ea/ #af? ,,/reet    
#ahid    ,all rights res]v$             
,,cont5ts   ,introduction  ,! head+s1 = 
conv5i5ce ( ref]5ce1 are arrang$ 9 "o   
cont9u\s alphabetical s]ies1 compris+ ! 
foll[+ classes ( subject3    ,i4        
,,c\nties ,,& ,,di/ricts ,,:i* ,,are ,,(
 ,,int]e/ ,,to ,,!     ,,m\nta9e]       
7e4g4 ,cumb]l&1 ,cornwall1 ,d]by%ire1   
,enn]dale7    ,,ii4 ,,places ,,:i* ,,are

 ,,conv5i5t ,,z ,,climb+ ,,c5tres       
7e4g4 ,keswick1 ,patt]dale1 ,wa/dale    
,head7    ,,iii4 ,,m\nta9s ,,& ,,rocks  
,,:i* ,,af=d ,,climbs       7e4g4 ,d[   
,crag1 ,pill>1 ,scafell7    ,,iv4       
,,climbs ,,( ,,reputation1 ,,)          
,,directions ,,= ,,f9d+ ,,&             
,,accompli%+ ,,!m       7e4g4 ,deep     
,gill1 ,mickl$oor1 ,napes ,ne$le7    ,v4
 ,,te*nical ,,t]ms ,,& ,,expressions    
7e4g4 back-&-knee1 *imney1 toe-scrape7  
,,vi4 ,,local ,,names ,,f\nd ,,among ,,!
 ,,hills1 ,,) ,,occasional     ,,notes  
,,on ,,_! ,,orig9 ,,& ,,mean+           
7e4g4 b9k1 cl\gh1 gill1 hause1 hope7    
,,introduction   ,= "s ye>s pa/ !re has 
be5 a rem>kably rapid increase 9 ! numb]
 ( m5 :o climb = climb+'s sake )9 !     
b\nds ( ! ,briti% ,isles4  ,:5 any "y & 
active ,engli%man sees a rock & is told 
t ! asc5t ( x is reg>d$ z a k9d ( feat1 
!re is no d\bt :at he w want to d4 ,he w
 obey :at has be5 ! in/9ct ( ! race at  
any "t ?is =ty ye>s4 ,b lately !re has  
be5 a *ange4 ,:at 0 =m]ly done casually 

& in/9ctively has = ! la/ doz5 ye>s or s
 be5 done sy/ematically & ( set purpose1
 = x is n[ recognis$ t hill-climb+ 9 ^! 
isl&s may =m "p ( a real m\nta9e]+      
education4 ,_m might-be m\nta9e]s h     
miss$ _! vocation because !y 7 9 !      
position ( ! prud5t individual :o w\ld n
 g into ! wat] until aft] he %\ld h     
le>n$ to swim3 !y did n become ,alp9e   
because !y 7 afraid t !y %\ld make fools
 ( !mselves if !y w5t on ! ,alps4 ,yet1 
_h !y only kn[n x1 !y might h f\nd )\t  
cross+ ! sea _m a place :i* might h be5 
to _! undevelop$ in/9cts :at ! little   
pond at ! end ( ! g>d5 has be5 to _m a  
w\ld-be skat]--a quiet spot :]e e>ly    
fl\nd]+s w\ld be safe f ! contemptu\s   
glances ( unsympa!tic exp]ts4           
,iceman%ip c only be acquir$ ?r\gh a    
long appr5tice%ip1 by tramp+ _m a we>y  
mile helplessly ti$ to ! tail ( a guide4
 ,b "o pr9cipal *>m ( hill-climb+ lies 9
 ! fact t x may be pick$ up by          
self-direct$ practice & does n dem& !   
same prelim9>y subjection4 ,! c\rse (   

,alp9e in/ruction c only be consid]$    
complete :5 ,mr4 ,girdle/one's ideal (  
',! ,high ,alps )\t ,guides' is realis$ 
7an ideal1 be x cle>ly und]/ood1 :i* =  
fully n9ety-n9e out ( e hundr$ climb]s x
 w\ld be d[nright madness to attempt to 
c>ry into practice72 :]eas1 :ile        
rock-climb+ may be enjoy$ by amateurs   
)\t incurr+ ! reproa* ( recklessness1 !y
 at ! same "t exp]i5ce ! exquisite      
pleasure ( =m+ _! own plans ( attack1 ( 
v>y+ ! execution ( !m accord+ to _! own 
judgm5t1 & f9ally ( meet+ ob/acles1 z !y
 arise1 ) _! own skill & ) _! own /r5g?1
 & ov]com+ !m )\t ! assi/ance ( a hir$  
pr(essional4  ,n[h]e c ! m]e manual     
dext]ity ( climb+ be bett] acquir$ ?an  
among ! fells ( ,cumb]l&2 excell5t      
practis+-gr\nd pres5ts itself on ne>ly e
 hill4 ,comp>$ ) real m\nta9s ! crags ( 
,cumb]l& are b toys1 b small z !y are1  
!y h made _m & _m a f9e climb]2 & ! man 
:o has gone ?r\gh a c\rse ( tra9+ among 
!m1 :o has le>nt to "k ! exact l5g? ( 8 
own /ride & rea*1 & to wriggle up a     

'*imney' 9 approv$ /yle ) %\ld]1 hip &  
knee1 may boldly fly at high] game1 & :5
 he proce$s to tackle ! giants ( ! ,alps
 or ,caucasus has no cause to be afraid 
( ! result4  ,z if ) ! express object ( 
increas+ _! educational value to !      
m\nta9e]1 ! hilly p>ts ( ,great ,brita9 
are peculi>ly subject to atmosph]ic     
*anges4 ,no "o :o has n exp]i5c$ _!     
effects w\ld believe ! ext5t to :i* mi/1
 sn[1 & ev5 ra9 c *ange ! appe>ance (   
l&m>ks among ! m\nta9s2 &1 :]e l&m>ks   
are less abundant or less /rik+1 ev5 !  
buffet+ ( viol5t w9d may cause an       
inexp]i5c$ man to *ange 8 direction     
unconsci\sly4 ,valuable exp]i5ce 9 ?+s (
 ?is k9d may be ga9$ ev5 9 summ]1 b 9   
w9t] ! conditions become m ,alp9e1 &    
spl5did practice may be _h 9 ! use ( !  
axe & rope4  ,n t ! latt] %\ld be       
neglect$ on difficult rocks at any "t ( 
! ye>4 ,ev5 9 places :]e x gives ! lead]
 no security & to "s ext5t actually     
imp$es him1 ! moral effect ( x is good4 
,x wond]fully increases ^? feel+s (     

unit$ & ord]$ ef=t1 ( mutual dep5d5ce & 
mutual confid5ce1 & f9ally ( *e]y       
subord9ation ( self1 :i* are n ! lea/ ( 
! virtues or ! joys ( m\nta9e]+4 ,h[ ^! 
opportunities may be us$ ! novice w     
readily le>n f ,mr4 ,*>les ,pilk+ton's  
admirable *apt]s 9 ! ,badm9ton          
',m\nta9e]+1' & f ,dr4 ,claude ,wilson's
 excell5t little h&book on ! same       
subject4 ,x is ! aim ( ! pres5t "w to   
enable him to f9d suitable places :]e ! 
pr9ciples s admirably laid d[n by ^?    
au?orities may be te/$ & appli$1 & to   
und]/& ! descriptions--(t5 involv+      
difficult te*nical & local t]ms--:i* h  
be5 publi%$ ( !m4 ,:5 anyone ) climb+   
in/9cts f9ds himself 9 a /range place 8 
fir/ desire is to discov] a climb1 8    
second to le>n :at its associations are2
 :at is x call$1 & :y8 has anyone climb$
 x1 & :at did he ?9k ( x8 ,to su*       
que/ions z ^! ?is book endeav\rs to     
provide an answ]4 ,x (f]s1 9 %ort1 to ! 
w\ld-be climb] a l9k1 ) ! guidebook on !
 "o h& & ! local speciali/ on ! o!r4  ,x

 mu/ always be rememb]$ t a v f9e rock  
may be a v poor climb4 ,x may be        
impossible or x may be too easy1 or1    
aga91 ! mat]ial maybe dang]\sly rott52 &
 ?us1 ?\gh !re are _m places :]e m5 c & 
d obta9 useful climb+ practice1 !re is  
only "o "p ( ,engl& to :i* resort is    
made simply = ! sake ( its climb+4 ,9   
consequ5ce ( ?is fact ! great] "p ( !   
book is devot$ to ! ,engli% ,lakes1 &   
especially to ! s\?-we/ portion ( !m1   
:]e ! be/ climbs ( all are to be f\nd4  
,b 9 t di/rict ! art has be5 highly     
elaborat$1 & ! /&>d ( difficulty &      
dext]ity is ev5 dang]\sly high4 ,if m5  
w\ld be cont5t to s]ve an appr5tice%ip &
 to feel _! way gradually f ! easi]     
climbs onw>d1 !y w\ld excite less       
appreh5sion 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o "k :at ^!  
climbs are4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 !y ru%1 z 
too _m d1 /raight f ! desk 9 a cr[d$    
city1 ) unseason$ lungs & muscles1 9 !  
cold & ! wet1 to attack alone or ) *ance
 companions :atev] climb enjoys = !     
mom5t ! greate/ notoriety1 frightful    

accid5ts are c]ta9 to occur4  ,! books1 
too1 :i* are kept specially = climb+    
records at "s places 9 ! ,lakes1 su* z  
,dungeon ,gill1 ,butt]m]e1 &1 notably1  
,wa/dale ,head1 are mislead+1 ow+ to !  
widely diff]5t /&>ds ( difficulty among 
! v>i\s writ]s4 ,pr9t$ acc\nts are s few
 t ?is objection h>dly applies to !m4 ,!
 mo/ notewor?y beyond all d\bt are ! two
 articles writt5 = ,all ! ,ye> ,r\nd1 9 
,novemb] #ahhd1 by ,mr4 ,c4,n4          
,williamson1 ! late editor ( ,black &   
,:ite4 ,x w\ld be h>d to exagg]ate !    
effect :i* ^! articles _h 9 mak+ ! ,lake
 climbs kn[n4 ,! same writ] _h previ\sly
 contribut$ articles ( less p]man5t     
value to ! ,graphic & ! ,daily ,news4 ,9
 #ahcg two articles _h appe>$ 9 ! ,p5ny 
,magaz9e 7see ,"l's ,rake72 9 #ahei !   
late ,pr(essor ,tyndall _h writt5 (     
,mickl$oor 9 ! ,saturday ,review1 & m   
rec5tly articles h appe>$ 9 ! ,pall     
,mall ,gazette1 by ,mr4 ,w4 ,brunskill &
 by ,mr4 ,h4 ,a4 ,gwynne4 ,! pres5t     
writ] contribut$ an article to ! ,alp9e 

,j\rnal ( ,augu/ #ahib1 & "o conta9+ v  
cle> illu/rations ( 'back-&-knee' "w & (
 an episode 9 ! long climb on ! ,pill>  
,rock to ! pages ( ,black & ,:ite1 9    
,june #ahib1 :ile num]\s articles h     
appe>$ f "t to "t 9 su* local pap]s z ! 
,:itehav5 ,news & ! ,we/ ,cumb]l&       
,times1 & 9 ! ,man*e/]1 ,le$s1 & ,brad=d
 press4 ,( guidebooks ! only "o ( any   
value to climb]s is ,mr4 ,h]man ,prior's
 ',p$e/rian ,guide4'  ,any value :i* !  
pres5t book may h is l>gely due to !    
excell5t draw+s ( ,mr4 ,ellis ,c>r1 :o  
mo/ k9dly came =w>d to fill ! place left
 by ! lam5t$ dea? ( ,pr(essor ,a4,m4    
,m>%all4 ,mu* assi/ance has be5 d]iv$ f 
sket*es & photographs k9dly l5t1 ^? (   
,mr4 ,abraham1 ( ,keswick1 be+          
especially useful4 ,= ! valuable article
 on ',*alk' ,i am indebt$ to ,mr4 ,a4,f4
 ,mumm]y1 ^: k ( ! subject is unrivall$2
 :ile ,mr4 ,j4,w4 ,rob9son1 ( ,lorton1  
has zeal\sly assi/$ 9 all matt]s        
connect$ ) ,cumb]l&2 & ,i mu/ gratefully
 ackn[l$ge help giv5 9 o!r ways by ,mr4 

,j4,e4 ,morris & ! ,rev4 ,c4,j4         
,buckma/]4     ,,climb+ ,,9 ,,! ,,briti%
 ,,isles  ,,engl&   ,alum ,pot1 ! "n (  
:i* is also f\nd 9 su* =ms z ,all5 &    
,hellan1 lies j we/ ( ! ,midl& ,railway1
 ab\t halfway betwe5 ,horton &          
,ribblehead /ations1 & on ! nor?-ea/    
side ( ,+lebor\gh4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/     
/rik+ & mo/ fam\s ( ! ,york%ire po?oles1
 be+ an elliptical op5+ 9 ! lime/one1   
#abj ft4 long & #dj ft4 wide1 ) a       
p]p5dicul> dep? ( #bjj ft4 ,!           
exploration ( x 0 begun by ,mr4         
,birkbeck ( ,anley 9 #ahdg1 :o1 assi/$  
by ,pr(4 ,boyd ,dawk9s & a l>ge p>ty    
includ+ ?ree ladies1 made a complete    
exam9ation 9 #ahgj4   ,angl]'s ,crag1 on
 ! s\? side ( ,enn]dale ,wat]4 ,! /eep  
portion is ab\t #cjj ft4 ,!re are also  
"s simil> crags on ,grike & ,revel91    
close by2 b none ( !m are wor? a long   
walk1 & ! only re/+-place ne> is !      
,angl]'s ,inn1 at ! foot ( ,enn]dale    
,wat]4   ,apron-/r+s4--,?r\gh\t ,scotl& 
& ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ! traditional        

explanation ( l>ge heaps ( /ones is t   
:ile "s "o 7g5]ally ! ,devil or ,samson7
 0 c>ry+ ! /ones 9 8 apron ! /r+s broke 
& ! /ones fell 9 a heap4 ,_m su* heaps  
are to be f\nd1 be>+ ! "n ( 'apronful'  
or 'bratful1' :i* means ! same ?+4 ,a   
good in/ance ( ! latt] =m is ,samson's  
,bratful1 9 ,cumb]l&1 betwe5 ! riv]s    
,bl5g & ,cald]4 ,= ano!r good in/ance   
see :at is said ab\t ,wade's ,causeway 9
 ,murray's ,h&book = ,york%ire1 at p4   
#bjf4   ,aron4--,s ,wilk9son 79 8       
',select ,views'7 calls ,great ,end4 ,x 
may be t he misund]/ood 8 guide1 :o 01  
p]haps1 speak+ at ! "t ( ,a>on ,crags1  
:i* are on ,spr9kl+ ,fell1 & w\ld be 9 !
 l9e ( sight to any "o com+ up f        
,borr[dale4 ,9 fact1 ! pa? to ,/y ,head 
passes n only ,a>on ,crags on ! left1 b 
also ,a>on ,slack on ! "r4 ,x is1 (     
c\rse1 tempt+ to sugge/ t ,aron 0 !     
orig9al ,keltic "n ( ,great ,end2 b 9   
,wales ! "n ,aran is g5]ally appli$ to  
m\nta9s ( v diff]5t appe>ance to ,great 
,end4   ,arr[head1 a prom95t rock 9 !   

,napes ( ,great ,gable1 be+ "p ( ! ridge
 imm$iately we/ ( ,eagle's ,ne/4 ,x 0   
climb$ on ,april #ag1 #ahib1 by a l>ge  
p>ty1 includ+ ,messrs4 ,horace ,walk]1  
,bak]1 ,sl+sby1 & o!rs4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1
 on ! la/ day ( ,m>*1 ?is climb 0       
repeat$ by ,messrs4 ,solly1 ,s*9tz1     
,brant1 & ,b[51 :o cont9u$ x "r on to ! 
top ( ! ridge4 ,!y kept r m on ! ridge  
itself ?an ! =m] p>ty _h done on ! way  
to ! ,arr[head1 & f t po9t ! climb is   
along ! cre/ ( ! ridge4 ,x is n a       
difficult climb = an exp]i5c$ p>ty4 ,!  
ridge has be5 call$ ! ,arr[head ,ridge4 
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,arr[head 7,s\? side 
( ,great ,gable7   ,a% ,crag1 a rock 9  
,enn]dale1 ne> ! ,black ,sail end ( !   
,pill> ,fell4 ,x is ! writ]'s belief t  
?is is ! rock :i* ! poet ,wordswor?1 9  
',! ,bro!rs1' has confus$ ) ! ,pill>    
,rock4 ,at lea/ a lad belong+ to an old 
,enn]dale family1 ! ,b[mans ( ,mireside1
 0 kill$ by fall+ f ?is rock at a date  
closely correspond+ to t indicat$ 9 !   
poem4   ,att]mire1 "o ( ! mo/           

picturesque lime/one sc>s 9 ,york%ire4  
,x is rea*$ f ,settle on ! ,midl&       
,railway1 & may be se5 on ! way to      
,malham ,cove4   ,back-&-knee3 ! process
 ( support+ or rais+ ! body 9 a '*imney'
 by pressure aga9/ opposite sides ) back
 & knees1 or1 m usually1 back & feet4   
,b&4--,?is ^w =ms "p ( _m hill names 9 !
 ,nor? ( ,engl&1 & is also f\nd 9       
,scotl&4 ,dr4 ,murray deals ) x 9 !     
',new ,engli% ,diction>y1' b n 9 a      
satisfactory mann]4 ,he def9es x z 'a   
long ridge-l hill ( m9or height or a    
long n>r[ slop+ (f%oot f a hill or      
m\nta91' b x w\ld be easy to adduce     
in/ances :]e ?is c\ld h no application4 
,! ^w is us$ by ,d\glas 9 8 translation 
( ,virgil to repres5t ! ,lat9 ^w        
'jugum'3       ,himself asc5dis ! hie b&
 ( ! hill2  & f ?is ,jamieson conclud$ t
 ! ^w meant simply 'top ( a hill'--a    
def9ition almo/ z unsuitable z ! la/4 ,!
 late ,mr4 ,dick9son1 ! lead+ au?ority  
on ! ,cumb]l& dialect1 gave to ! ^w !   
mean+ ( 'a b\nd>y on high un9clos$ l&1' 

& inde$ ! frequ5t association ( ! ^w )  
p]sonal names 7(t5 ( cle>ly ,sc&9avian  
"*7 seems to indicate "s t]ritorial     
significance4   ,bann]dale ,crag 7,c4 %4
 #eg7 may be tak5 on ! way up           
,saddleback f ,tr\tbeck /ation on ! l9e 
betwe5 ,keswick & ,p5ri?4 ,ab\t ?ree    
miles up ! /ream is ,mungrisdale1 & /ill
 f>!r up along ! c\rse ( ! /ream "o =k  
leads to ,scales ,t>n & ano!r to        
,bann]dale1 :]e !re is a lead m9e j nor?
 ( ! crags4 ,!re is a rocky face "s #fjj
 ft4 to #hjj ft4 high1 (f]+ climb+1 :i* 
is /eep1 b by no means fir/-rate4       
,b>f4--,f ! s\!rn %ore ( ,bass5?waite   
,wat] !re is a f9e /eep scramble up ?is 
hill4 ,on a bright w9t]'s day x is r    
inspirit+1 & ! views are good4  ,! "n is
 m frequ5t 9 ,york%ire1 :]e1 accord+ to 
,phillips1 x has ! mean+ ( 'a deta*$ l[ 
ridge or hill4'   ,bea*y ,head1 close to
 ,ea/b\rne1 9 ,sussex1 is a v f9e bold  
*alk cliff1 ! fir/ asc5t ( :i* is made  
ab\t once 9 e two ye>s1 if we may       
believe all t we see 9 ! pap]s4 ,! tru? 

is t !re is a trea*]\s incl9e ( "s #fjj 
ft41 =m$ ( *alk & grass1 bo? v /eep &   
(t5 dang]\sly slipp]y2 & dur+ !         
,ea/b\rne season ! coa/gu>ds at ! top   
f9d _! pr9cipal occupation 9 supply+    
me*anical assi/ance to exhau/$ clamb]]s2
 b = difficulty ^! cliffs w n = a mom5t 
comp>e ) ^? ( half ! height :i* c>ry on 
! l9e we/w>d to ,birl+ ,gap4 ,! tops (  
^! 9 _m places lit]ally ov]hang ! sea1 &
 !re are few po9ts :]e a climb] c\ld    
make ! slighte/ impression ^u !m4 ,on   
,bea*y ,head !re is a dang]\s-look+     
p9nacle1 :i* 0 climb$ 7by d9t ( cutt+ a 
/ep or two7 9 ,april #ahid1 by ,mr4     
,e4,a4 ,cr[ley4   ,be> ,rock1 a         
que]ly-%ap$ rock on ,great ,napes1 :i* 9
 ! middle ( ,m>* #ahhi 0 gravely attack$
 by a l>ge p>ty compris+ "s five or six 
( ! /ronge/ climb]s 9 ,engl&4 ,x is a   
little difficult to f9d1 especially 9   
seasons :5 ! grass is at all long4      
,beck4--,9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& 7except 9   
,nor?umb]l& & ,durham1 :]e 'burn'       
prevails7 ?is is ! usual ^w = a brook4  

,x diff]s f a 'gill' 9 be+ m op51 & hav+
 banks less rocky & a /ream some:at m   
copi\s4 ,a gill may conta9 only a few   
drops ( wat]1 or none at all1 & /ill    
pres]ve its self-respect1 b n s a beck4 
,camd5 speaks ( ',beakes & ,brookes4'   
,bell ent]s into _m ,nor? ,c\ntry       
hill-names4 ,x is commonly said to      
indicate spots :i* 7 specially devot$ to
 ! wor%ip ( ,baal1 & _m argum5ts h be5  
bas$ ^u its occurr5ce & di/ribution4 ,if
 !re is any?+ 9 ?is ass]tion1 ! 'high   
places' = ! wor%ip ( ,baal mu/ h be5 mo/
 caprici\sly select$4 ,my own belief is 
t ! t]m is purely descriptive & is      
appli$ to a convexity 9 ! slope ( a     
hill4 ,9 ,l[l& ,scot* ! phrase 'bell ( !
 brae' is n uncommon & has ! same       
significance4   ,bell ,rib ,end1 a %ort 
drop on ! n>r[ s\? ridge ( ,yewb>r[4    
,?\gh on a v small scale1 x is n )\t    
int]e/1 & 0 a fav\rite ) ,mr4 ,maitl&1  
"o ( ! e>ly explor]s ( ,wa/dale4        
,bield4--,?is ^w n only occurs frequ5tly
 9 place names1 b is /ill "p ( liv+     

spee* 9 ,nor? ,engl& & ,s\? ,scotl&4 ,x 
means %elt] ( any k9d = man or bea/1 & 9
 ! latt] case especially a fox or a     
%eep4 ,x is also us$ z a v]b2 9 fox     
hunt+1 = in/ance1 ! animal :5 run to e>?
 is said to be 'bield$4'   ,b9k3 a long 
n>r[ grassy l$ge4 7,n4 ( ,eng47   ,black
 ,sail4--,x has be5 sugge/$ t ?is "n1 n[
 borne by ! pass f ,wa/dale to ,enn]dale
 betwe5 ,pill>fell & ,kirkfell1 may h   
orig9ally be5 nam$ f ! m\nta9 x cross$1 
& s may possibly n[ pres]ve an old] "n (
 "o ( ^? two m\nta9s4 ,dr4 ,murray1     
writ+ to a local pap] "s ye>s ago1 did n
 hesitate to affirm positively t ,pill> 
,fell is entirely due to ! ,ordnance    
surveyors1 & t ! orig9al "n 0 ,black    
,sail1 a fact :i* he said c\ld be prov$ 
by hi/orical evid5ce4 ,x w\ld be        
extremely int]e/+ to see ?is evid5ce1 b 
! "n ',pill>' c]ta9ly appe>s 9 maps     
publi%$ long be=e t ( ! ,ordnance4 7,see
 ,sail47 ,! pass 7#a1gej ft47 is v      
famili> to all climb+ folk1 be+ ! ord9>y
 way ( rea*+ ! ,pill> ,rock f ,wa/dale  

,head4 ,x is g5]ally pref]r$ to ,w9d    
,gap on acc\nt ( great] v>iety ( view & 
bett] 'go+1' & "s make use ( x ev5 = !  
purpose ( rea*+ ! ,enn]dale side (      
,great ,gable4  ,! r\te1 h[ev]1 has "o  
disadvantage4 ,x is hot4 ,x is no       
uncommon ?+ to he> en?usia/ic frequ5t]s 
( ! ,lakes compla9+ ( ! popul>          
misappreh5sion t ! sun nev] %9es !re1 & 
urg+ t p are s unreasonable z to notice 
! wet b to disreg>d ! w>m?4 ,among ^!   
traduc]s ( ! ,cumb]l& climate !         
frequ5t]s ( ! ,black ,sail r\te are n   
f\nd4 ,argue n ) su*2 b "s fair morn+1  
:5 ! revil] is mo/ rampant1 lead him    
g5tly into ,mos$ale & wat* ) calm       
delight :ile he pants pa9fully up !     
pass1 try+ 8 utmo/ to look cool1 ) !    
sun1 :i* he has malign$1 beat+ d[n      
squ>ely ^u 8 back & exact+ a m]ciless   
rev5ge4 ,_m a "t w he turn ab\t & feign 
rapture at ! tap] cone ( ,yewb>r[ & !   
bold outl9e ( ,scafell2 (t5 w 8 bootlace
 /rangely come unti$ be=e 8 rev]t$      
glance cat*es ! welcome gleam (         

,burnmoor ,t>n2 b long be=e t "t 8 he>t 
)9 him w h melt$ ev5 z wax1 & he w h    
regi/]$ a v[ t1 :5 next ! ,cumb]l&      
sun%9e is discuss$1 ! seat ( ! scornful 
%all "k him no m4 ,mr4 ,james ,payn1    
hav+ occasion to allude to 'dry wea!r' 9
 ! ,lakes1 adds demurely1 ':i* is said  
to h occurr$ ab\t ! ye> #ahbd'2 b1 f 8  
own description ( ,black ,sail1 x is    
cle> t he deeply ru$ ! s>casm3 ',y w    
beg9 to f9d y\r pass q suffici5tly /eep4
 ,inde$1 ?is is ! sev]e/ pull ( any ( ! 
cols 9 ! ,di/rict1 & has prov$ ! fri5d (
 _m a gallant ) 8 ladylove4 ,to (f] a "y
 woman y\r h& :5 y are go+ up ,black    
,sail is 9 my m9d "o ( ! greate/ pro(s (
 atta*m5t t c be giv51 &1 if %e accepts 
x1 x is tantam\nt to ! ev]la/+ ,yes6'   
,we may be sure t1 be=e he rea*$ ! top1 
! witty noveli/ exp]i5c$ rem>kably 'dry 
wea!r1' & also "s ( ^? symptoms :i*     
else:]e he has himself describ$ ) su*   
sci5tific accuracy3 ',inord9ate         
p]spiration & a desp]ate desire =       
liquids2 if ! asc5t be p]si/$ 91 ! spee*

 becomes affect$ to ! ext5t ( a total   
susp5sion ( conv]sation4 ,! temp] !n    
breaks d[n2 an unseemly crav+ to leave  
our companion beh9d1 & a fi5di%         
resolution n to wait = him if 8 bootlace
 comes undone1 di/+ui% ! next /age ( !  
climb+ fev]2 all admiration ( !         
picturesque has long s9ce vani%$1 exud$1
 ,i fancy1 ?r\gh ! pores ( ! sk93 no?+  
rema9s b ,selfi%ness1 ,fatigue1 & !     
hide\s reflection t ! high] we g ! long]
 w be our j\rney d[n aga94 ,! notion (  
malignant spirits occupy+ elevat$       
regions--,fi5ds ( ! ,fell--d\btless     
arose f ! immoral exp]i5ces ( ! ,e>ly   
,climb]s4'  ,gre5's ,guide 7#ahai7      
records a t\*+ in/ance ( a husb&'s      
att5tions surviv+ a te/ :i* we saw      
above1 t ev5 lov]s f9d sev]e3 ',?is is a
 /eep & craggy asc5t1 & s labori\s to   
man t x might be imag9$ horses c\ld n   
travel x2 yet ,mr4 ,?omas ,tyson1 (     
,wasdale ,head1 has conduct$ ,mrs4      
,tyson ov] ?is /ony gr\nd :ile sitt+ on 
! back ( h] horse4'  ,9 ,switz]l& "o    

might look back aft] a day's "w1 &      
fairly =get ups & d[ns s slight z ,black
 ,sail2 b _m ( ! guide books speak ( x 9
 t]ms :i* might apply to ! ,adl] or !   
,felik ,jo*4 ,= in/ance1 ,black's       
,picturesque ,guide 7ed4 #ahgb7 says3   
',! h>dy p$e/rian ) v m9ute in/ructions 
might succe$ 9 f9d+ 8 way ov] ! m\nta9s1
 yet e "o :o has cross$ !m w bew>e ( !  
dang] ( ! attempt & ( ! occasional fatal
 consequ5ces att5d+ a div]sion f ! prop]
 pa?4' ,?is is highly enc\rag+2 & !     
ent]pris+ travell] :o only breaks 8 neck
 two or ?ree times 9 ! c\rse ( ! j\rney 
w be ( good *e]1 = he is mak+ r a       
prosp]\s exp$ition ?an o!rwise4   ,blea 
,crag1 an isolat$ squ>e /one on ! left (
 ! pa? to ! ,/ake1 a long mile up       
,long/ra?4 ,x is climb$ on ! side :i*   
looks d[n ! valley4 ,messrs4 ,jones &   
,rob9son record$ _! asc5t ( x 9         
,septemb] #ahic1 b x seems t f\r or five
 ye>s ago !re 7 traces on x ( a previ\s 
asc5t4  ',crag' is n v commonly us$ ( a 
s+le /one1 z x is "h & 9 ! case ( ,c>l  

,crag4   ,borr[dale4--',div]s ,spr+es1' 
says old ,lel& 9 8 ',it9]>y1' 'cumme?   
owt ( ,borodale1 & s make a great ,l[gh 
t we cawle a ,poole4'  ,! ',l[gh' is1 ( 
c\rse1 ,d]w5twat]1 & ,borr[dale is !    
he>t ( ! f9e/ sc5]y & ! be/ climb+ 9    
,engl&4 ,x may be said to /ret* f       
,scafell to ,skiddaw1 & excell5t        
headqu>t]s = climb]s may be f\nd 9 x at 
,l[dore1 ,grange1 ,ro/hwaite1 &         
,seatoll]4 ,) ! aid ( its wad m9es & its
 ,b[d] ,/one1 x probably did m dur+ la/ 
c5tury ?an any?+ else to ar\se public   
int]e/ 9 ! ,lake c\ntry4 ,! natives 7 n 
fam$ = _! intellig5ce1 & _m /ories are  
told 9 support ( _! nickname (          
',borr[dale g[ks4'  ,!re is ano!r       
,borr[dale 9 ,we/morl&1 & ,bor$ale is   
p]haps ! same "n4   ,b[d] ,/one 9       
,borr[dale 0 already a curiosity ab\t a 
c5tury & a half ago1 :5 x 0 visit$ by   
,mr4 ,george ,smi?1 ! correspond5t ( !  
,g5tleman's ,magaz9e4 ,cl>ke1 writ+ "s  
ye>s lat]1 says x bore ! alt]native     
names ( ,p[d]/one & ,b\nd]/one2 & be+   

'?irty-"o y>ds long by eight y>ds high1 
mu/ !re=e weigh ov] #fjj tons1 & is said
 to be ! l>ge/ self-/one 9 ,engl&4' ,x  
is n really a 'b\ld]' at all1 b ! ^w is 
r loosely us$ 9 ,cumb]l&4   ,b[ ,fell   
7#b1ifj ft474--,! "n is probably ! same 
z t ( ,baugh ,fell1 also call$ ,b[      
,fell1 9 ,york%ire4 ,?is graceful peak1 
/&+ z x does at ! head ( sev]al         
important valleys--,eskdale1 ,langdale1 
,dunn]dale1 & ,borr[dale--is a great    
feature 9 ,lake sc5]y4 ,!re is n mu*    
rock-"w on x1 b a good deal ( r\gh walk+
 & scrambl+4 ,f ,borr[dale or ,wa/dale x
 is approa*$ by way ( ,esk ,hause4 ,on  
?is side !re is no climb+1 except t     
,hang+ ,knot1 z ! ,n4 end ( ,b[ ,fell is
 call$1 desc5ds to ,angle ,t>n 9 a long1
 /eep1 rocky slope :i* (f]s a pleasant  
scramble4  ,on ! ,eskdale side !re is a 
gully or two :i* might be wor? explor+4 
,by incl9+ to ! "r h& on em]g+ at ! top 
( ,hell ,gill1 or to ! left h& f !      
pony-track at ! foot ( ,rossett ,gill we
 rea* ,flat ,crags1 huge glaci]-plan$   

slopes ( rock1 ov]look$ by :at 9 w9t] is
 a f9e c\loir ( mo/ alp9e appe>ance4 ,:5
 ,messrs4 ,j4  ,a4,r4 ,/ogdon asc5d$ x  
7,alp9e ,j\rnal1 v4 p4 #ce7 ! incl9ation
 ( ! sn[ increas$ f #cj deg4 at ! foot  
to #fc deg4 aft] #cej ft4 or m1 & !re 0 
a l>ge cornice at ! top4 ,9 ! acc\nt :i*
 ! same p>ty ins]t$ at ! "t 9 ! ,wa/dale
 ,head ,book /eep] angles are giv54  ,9 
summ] x is m]ely an op5 scree-gully2 b !
 insignificant-look+ *imney j ,n4 ( x1 &
 only sep>at$ f x by a n>r[ ridge1 is q 
wor?y ( att5tion1 ?\gh x has b "o pit* 9
 x aft] ! "o at ! foot4 ,! desc5t is    
h>d] ?an ! asc5t1 & takes ab\t tw5ty    
m9utes4  ,!re is a f9e rocky walk along 
! ,s4 ridge1 call$ ,%elt] ,crags &      
,cr9kle ,crags1 :i* desc5ds t[>ds ! head
 ( ,dunn]dale1 b x is extremely         
unfrequ5t$4   ,bram ,crag & ,wan?waite  
,crag flank ! coa* road betwe5 ,?relkeld
 & ,grasm]e on ! ea/4 ,! be/ "p is r m  
?an two miles s\? ( ,?relkeld /ation4 ,!
 climb+ is some:at simil> to t ab\t     
,sw>?beck on ,ullswat]1 b on bett] &    

s\nd] rock1 & !re is m ( x4 ,a good     
day's "w w be f\nd among ^! crags1 & a  
f9e specim5 ( a 'sl$gate' is des]v+ (   
notice4   ,br&re? is betwe5 ,borr[dale &
 ! head ( ,enn]dale4 ,! "n1 :i* occurs  
else:]e 9 ! neighb\rhood1 d5otes a      
tripod 7lit]ally a 'grate1' usually made
 ) ?ree legs74 ,! meet+-po9t ( ?ree     
b\nd>ies ( c\nties1 p>i%es1 c4 is (t5 s 
nam$4 ,br&re? has only "o %ort bit (    
bold rock--"o ( ! _m ,rav5 ,crags4 ,x is
 h>dly wor? a special j\rney1 b may v   
easily be tak5 by any "o :o attacks     
,great ,gable f ,borr[dale4   ,brimham  
,rocks1 9 ,york%ire1 are v easily visit$
 f ,h>rogate or f ,pateley ,bridge4 ,f !
 latt] !y are only f\r miles to !       
ea/w>d4 ,! /ation = ^? :o come f        
,h>rogate is ,dacre ,banks1 f :i* !     
,rocks may be rea*$ 9 an h\r's walk+4   
,!y are ( mill/one grit & well des]ve a 
visit1 = n[h]e are ! grotesque =ms :i* t
 mat]ial delights to assume m rem>kable4
 ,"s resemble ! s&/one =ms common ab\t  
,tunbridge ,wells1 & _m might v well /& 

= ,d>tmoor ,tors2 b o!rs at fir/ sight  
seem s evid5tly & unmi/akably to sugge/ 
human h&iwork t "o c feel no surprise at
 ! common notion t !y 7 fa%ion$ by !    
+5uity ( ! ,druids4 ,sev]al ( !m1 ?\gh v
 small1 c only be climb$ ) consid]able  
difficulty4   ,broad ,/&--a t]m commonly
 b1 9 my op9ion1 incorrectly us$ to     
d5ote a p>ticul> r\te by :i* ! crags (  
,scafell may be asc5d$ direct f         
,mickl$oor4 ,!re are num]\s o!r places  
)9 a few miles ( ?is into ! names ( :i* 
?is ^w '/&' ent]s1 & a consid]ation ( !m
 leads me to ! belief t x signifies 'a  
l>ge grassy plot ( gr\nd awkw>d (       
access4' ,?is is exactly :at we f9d "h4 
,a break 9 ! cliffs produces a l>ge op5 
space :i* is ! key to ! asc5t by !      
,mickl$oor ,*imney1 to t by ! ,nor?     
,climb1 & to t :i*1 be+ ! olde/1 easie/1
 & mo/ frequ5t$1 has arrogat$ to itself 
z di/9ctive ! "n ( a feature :i* x %\ld 
only %>e ) ! o!r two4 ,really all ?ree  
r\tes are m]ely diff]5t ways ( rea*+ !  
,broad ,/&4  ,"o ( ! e>lie/ record$     

asc5ts is t ( ,mr4 ,c4,a4,o4 ,baumg>tn] 
9 ,septemb] #ahej1 an acc\nt ( :i* 0 s5t
 by "o ( ! p ( ! dale to ! local pap] 9 
^! t]ms3 ',! ,broad ,/&1 a rocky &      
dang]\s precipice1 situat$ betwe5 ,scaw 
,fell & ! ,pikes1 an asc5t :i* is p]haps
 m difficult ?an ev5 t ( ! ,pill>       
,/one4' ,! late ,pr(essor ,tyndall      
climb$ x 9 #ahei1 & describ$ x 9 !      
,saturday ,review ( t ye>4 ,x evid5tly  
_h a great reputation !n1 :i* 0 n1 9 8  
op9ion1 entirely des]v$4 ,x seems to h  
be5 kn[n 9 #ahcg 7see ! ,p5ny ,magaz9e7 
to ! %eph]ds2 & ev5 9 ,gre5's "t1 at !  
beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 "o or two d>+ spirits
 _h accompli%$ ! feat4   ,buckb>r[ 7,c4 
%4 #gi74--;,broadcrag 7m nor?-ea/7 is   
really "p ( x1 & ab\t #djj ft4 high4    
,buckb>r[ rises ne> ! foot ( ,wa/wat]1  
opposite ! be/ "p ( ! ,screes4 ,:5      
approa*$ f ! head ( ! lake x appe>s z   
two huge rocky /eps2 b1 z 9 ! case (    
,eagle ,crag 9 ,gre5up1 ! /eps are n    
really 9 ! same plane4 ,se5 f ! slopes (
 ,l+mell1 x =ms ! b\nd>y betwe5 !       

m\nta9s & ! pla91 to :i* x s9ks 9 "o v  
graceful concave curve4 ,x is n         
l(ty--!re are p]haps "s #djj ft4 (      
rock--b by ! %eph]ds x is reput$        
inaccessible4 ,?is is only true 9 ! s5se
 t !re are /iff bits on x :i* h to be   
evad$4 ,x is haunt$ by bo? ! fox & !    
buzz>d--connoisseurs on ^: ta/e 9 rocks 
! climb] c g5]ally rely4 ,!re is also   
climb+ 9 ! :ole l9e ( rock 7,broad      
,crag7 :i* /ret*es away t[>ds ,gre5dale4
 ,s9ce #ahhd1 :5 ! writ] fir/ became    
acqua9t$ ) x1 ,buckb>r[ has become r    
popul>1 consid]+ its remot5ess f        
,wa/dale ,head4--,at ,*ri/mas #ahia a   
/rong p>ty1 l$ by ,messrs4 ,rob9son1    
,ha/+s1 & ,collie1 asc5d$ x 'f ! fox's  
e>? to ! hawk's ne/1' & on ,april #ae1  
#ahib1 a p>ty conta9+ sev]al ( ! same   
memb]s climb$ '! fir/ ma9 gully on ?is !
 nor? side4 ,!re are two %ort *imneys at
 ! end ( ?is little gill--"o 9 ea*      
corn]1 ab\t t5 to twelve y>ds ap>t4' ,! 
left "o1 up :i* ,mr4 ,brunskill l$1 0   
consid]$ ! h>d]4 ,aft]w>ds ,dr4 ,collie 

l$ two ( ! p>ty up ! face ( ! cliff to !
 "r ( ! next gully on ! we/1 :i* is m>k$
 by a pit* ( ab\t fifty feet l[ d[n4 ,to
 a h\se ne> ! foot ( ,buckb>r[ old ,w   
,ritson & 8 wife retir$1 aft] giv+ up ! 
inn :i* !y _h kept = s _m ye>s & made s 
fam\s at ,wa/dale ,head4   ,buresdale1 !
 prop] "n ( ! valley betwe5 ,?irlm]e &  
,?relkeld4 ,hut*9son1 = in/ance1 says3  
',at ! foot ( ,wy?burn is ,brackm]e i4e4
 ,?irlm]e1 a lake "o mile 9 l5g? 444 f !
 ,n4 end ( ?is m]e issues ! riv] ,bure1 
:i* falls into ,d]w5t bel[ ,keswick4'   
,he also m5tions ,buresdale 9 connection
 ) ,layswat]1 yet ano!r equival5t =     
,?irlm]e4 ,guidebook writ]s seem to h   
conspir$ toge!r to oblit]ate ?is "n f ! 
map1 & to sub/itute = x ! "n ,vale ( ,/4
 ,john1 :i* ,sir ,walt] ,scott made     
fam\s4 ,to revive ! "n ( ! riv] w\ld be 
an act ( only po/hum\s ju/ice1 n[ t !   
,man*e/] wat]works h tak5 away all its  
wat]2 b ! valley is /ill !re1 & ought to
 be call$ by its g5u9e old "n1 :i* is ( 
,sc&9avian orig92 comp>e ) x ! ,bure    

riv] 9 ,norfolk1 & fi%]m5 w recall      
simil> names 9 ,norway4   ,burn3 !      
,scot* ^w = a brook is h>dly f\nd s\? ( 
! riv] ,we>4 ,9 ,wy?burn1 ,gre5burn1 &  
o!r cases x probably repres5ts borran   
7/one heap74   ,butt]m]e1 a pleasant    
/opp+-place f :i* _m ( ! ,cumb]l& fells 
c be explor$4 ,x is a good c5tre =      
,grassmoor1 ,melbreak & ! ,r$ ,pike     
range1 :ile ,borr[dale & ,enn]dale are q
 )9 rea*4 ,once a day ! ,keswick        
waggonettes swoop ^u ! place1 br++      
tripp]s by ! score1 b at o!r times x is 
a quiet & enjoyable spot4   ,calf 7,!7  
7#b1bbj ft471 9 ,york%ire1 ne> ,s$b]gh4 
,cautley ,crag1 on ! ,e4 side ( x1 is v 
/eep4 ,9 ?is corn] ( ! c\nty ! ,york%ire
 climb] exp]i5ces ! int5se relief ( see+
 rocks :i* are nei!r *alk1 lime/one1 nor
 mill/one grit4   ,camp+4--,camp+ out by
 riv]s has always be5 m popul> 9 ,engl& 
?an ! same =m ( airy ent]ta9m5t among ! 
m\nta9s4 ,! lab\r ( c>ry+ t5ts or       
sleep+-bags acts z ! *ief det]r5t4 ,x is
 true t "s ?irty ye>s ago a di/+ui%$    

memb] ( ! ,alp9e ,club appli$ to        
,scafell ,pike1 & "o or two o!r spots   
:]e ,engl& is l(tie/1 ! practice1 :i* he
 has c>ri$ out on _m ( ! high] peaks ( !
 ,alps & ,pyr5ees1 ( wat*+ sunset &     
sunrise f ! l(tie/ possible gite :i* !  
m\nta9 c af=d4 ,mr4 ,payn1 too1 has giv5
 u a mo/ humor\s n>rative ( h[ he & 8   
fri5ds encamp$ on ,fairfield4 ,also1    
ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago1 f\r /alw>t climb]s 
f ,p5ri? made a regul> camp+ t\r ( !    
,lakes4 ,_! t5t 0 pit*$ on ^! spots3    
,p5ri? ,beacon1 ,r$ ,t>n on ,helvellyn1 
9 ,langdale "u ,pike o' ,/ickle1 ,/y    
,head1 9 ,enn]dale "u ,gable ,crag1 & on
 ,honi/]4 ,x weigh$ only #e-a_/b lbs41 &
 yet _h a floor space ( #h ft4 by #h ft4
  ,x may be t1 j z bicycli/s suff]$ by !
 sca?+ def9ition 'cads on ca/]s1' s !   
en?usiasm ( ! camp] may h receiv$ a *eck
 :5 he he>d himself describ$ ) cruel    
t]s5ess z 'a fool 9 a bag4' ,p]haps1    
aga91 our climate is n "o :i* (f]s mu*  
enc\ragem5t to any b ! h>die/ ( camp]s4 
,9 ! ,lakes by f> ! mo/ popul> 7&       

probably1 !re=e1 ! mo/ conv5i5t7 place  
is ! %ore ( ,ullswat]1 :]e t5ts h be5   
se5 ev5 9 ! dep? ( w9t]4   ,c>l ,crag   
lies on ! sea-%ore 9 ,drigg p>i%4 ,mr4  
,jeff]son says t x is ( sy5ite1 &       
measures 9 feet twelve by n9e by five & 
a half1 b x is deep 9 ! s&4 ,! leg5d is 
t :ile ,satan 0 c>ry+ x 9 8 apron to    
make a bridge ov] to ! ,isle ( ,man1 8  
apron /r+s 7q4 vid47 broke & let x fall4
 ,x is probably an erratic4 ,) ! "n     
comp>e ,c>lh[1 ,c>lw>k1 c4   ,c>rs1 9   
,lanca%ire1 9 ! ,coni/on range1 nor? ( !
 ,old ,man4 ,x is craggy on ! ea/ side4 
,9 ,f> ,easdale !re is a l9e ( crag :i* 
be>s ! same "n4 ,cle>ly nei!r c h any?+ 
to d ) 'c>rs' 9 its usual s5se 9 ! nor?1
 viz4 'l[ m>%y gr\nd4'   ,ca/le ,rock   
7,c4 %4 #fd74--,?is rock 9 ,borr[dale is
 said to h be5 cr[n$ by a ,roman =t4 ,! 
we/ side is craggy = a c\ple ( hundr$   
feet4 ,x may s]ve to occupy a few odd   
h\rs = any "o /opp+ at ,grange1         
,ro/hwaite1 or ,seatoll]4   ,caw ,fell  
7,c4 %4 #gc74--,! "n is possibly ! same 

z ,calf1 ,calva2 comp>e also ,caudale1  
,codale1 c4 ,on ! nor? side !re is a    
craggy bit ab\t #bjj ft4 high4          
,*alk4--,?\gh ?is c h>dly be reg>d$ z a 
good rock = climb+1 mu* excell5t        
practice c be ga9$ on x4 ,z a g5]al     
rule1 x is only suffici5tly solid = real
 climb+ = ! fir/ tw5ty feet above       
high-wat] m>k1 ?\gh "h & !re =ty feet ( 
fairly tru/wor?y rock may be f\nd4 ,^!  
sections ( h>d *alk are inv>iably ^? :i*
 at _! base are wa%$ by ! sea at high   
tide2 all o!rs are s(t & crumbly4       
,illu/ration3 ,,*alk ,,cliffs ,,ne>     
,,dov]  ,:il/ any consid]able asc5t1 o!r
 ?an up ! extremely /eep slopes ( grass 
:i* sometimes clo!s ! gullies & faces1  
is out ( ! "q1 trav]ses ( great int]e/ &
 no slight difficulty are frequ5tly     
possible = consid]able di/ances4 ,a good
 objectif may be f\nd 9 ! endeav\r to "w
 out a r\te to ! v>i\s small bea*es t   
are cut (f f ! out] _w by ! high tide & 
cliffs4  ,! be/ in/ances ( ?is sort ( "w
 are to be f\nd along ! coa/ to ! ea/w>d

 ( ,dov] 7betwe5 t t[n & ,/4 ,m>g>et's74
 ,betwe5 ! l$ges by :i* ^! trav]ses are 
9 ! ma9 effect$1 & ! bea* bel[1         
scrambles ( e v>iety ( difficulty may be
 f\nd1 "s be+ among/ ! h>de/ mauvais pas
 ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$4 ,ow+ to !        
proximity ( ! gr\nd1 !y af=d ! climb] an
 excell5t opportunity ( asc]ta9+ ! upp] 
limit ( 8 p[]s4 ,su* k is a possession (
 extreme value1 yet 9 mo/ o!r places x  
is undesirable to asc]ta9 x too closely4
 ,*alk1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 is extremely 
rott5 & trea*]\s1 v consid]able masses  
com+ away occasionally ) a comp>atively 
slight pull4 ,9 any place :]e a slip is 
n desirable1 x is unwise to dep5d       
exclusively on a s+le hold1 z ev5 !     
h>de/ & firme/ knobs1 t h /ood ! te/ (  
ye>s1 give way sudd5ly )\t any app>5t   
reason4 ,! fl9ts imb$d$ 9 ! *alk are    
simil>ly untru/wor?y2 9 fact1 if !y     
project m ?an an in* or s1 !y are1 z a  
rule1 insecure4 ,! surface ( ! *alk is  
smoo? & slimy if wet1 du/y if dry1 &    
does n af=d ! excell5t hold obta9$ on   

granite4 ,z a :ole x may be reg>d$ z a  
trea*]\s & difficult m$ium1 & "o :i* is 
likely to lead ^? practis+ on x to be v 
c>eful climb]s4  ,to ! we/w>d ( ,dov]   
7betwe5 x & ,folke/one7 a great am\nt ( 
climb+ on grass & crumbly *alk slopes c 
be obta9$2 almo/ e gully & face c be    
asc5d$ f ! sea1 or ! ,s4,e4 ,railway1 to
 ! top4 ,x is desirable to rememb] t 9  
dry wea!r ! grass & ! e>? :i* und]lies x
 is ( ! consi/5cy ( s&1 & great c>e is  
requisite2 aft] ra9 ! grass is ( c\rse  
slipp]y2 b ! und]ly+ mat]ial adh]es m   
firmly to ! cliff4 ,x is unnecess>y to  
add t a slip on any ( ^! slopes w\ld    
almo/ c]ta9ly prove fatal4 ,on ! face ( 
,abbot's ,cliff1 & to ! we/w>d 7ab\t    
halfway betwe5 ,dov] & ,folke/one71 "s  
trav]ses may be effect$ at a height (   
#bjj ft4 or m above ! base2 !y d n1     
h[ev]1 comp>e = climb+ ) ! trav]ses on !
 o!r side ( ,dov]4  ,z "o goes we/w>ds1 
! angle ( ! cliffs becomes less1 & f    
,abbot's ,cliff t[>ds ,folke/one x is   
r>ely necess>y to use "o's h&s1 ?\gh v  

nice 'balance' is ess5tial1 z ! results 
( a slip w\ld usually be s]i\s4 ,above !
 ,w>r51 /ill ne>] ,folke/one1 ! slopes  
become easy1 & aft] heavy sn[ af=d      
excell5t glissades4  ,! cliffs betwe5   
,dov] & ,/4 ,m>g>et's v>y f #bjj to #cej
 ft41 :il/ ^? betwe5 ,dov] & ,folke/one 
v>y f #bej to #ejj ft4 9 height4  ,9    
,sussex ! *alk is well develop$ at & ne>
 ,bea*y ,head1 :]e x atta9s a height (  
"s #fjj ft4 ,j we/ ( ?is come sev]al    
miles ( cliffs1 l[] inde$ 7ab\t #cjj    
ft471 b amaz+ly v]tical4  ,ab\t         
,flambor\gh ,head1 9 ,york%ire1 ?is     
=mation atta9s f9e proportions1 :ile z  
f> we/ z ,devon%ire ,be] ,head is upw>ds
 ( #djj ft4 high4   ,*imney3 a recess   
among rocks resembl+ ! int]ior ( a      
*imney op5 on "o side4 7,see            
,back-&-knee47   ,*ock/one3 a nor!rn ^w 
= a /one w$g$ betwe5 ! sides ( a gully4 
,a %ort ^w = ?is is greatly ne$$1 & ,i  
w\ld sugge/ t x might be call$ a '*ock1'
 simply4   ,clapham1 a /ation on !      
,midl& ,railway1 is an excell5t c5tre = 

,+lebor\gh & ! ,po?oles4   ,cl>k's      
,leap1 ne> ,swirl's ,gap on ,?irlm]e1 is
 a jutt+ rock1 s call$ f a suicide :i*  
took place !re ov] #ajj ye>s ago4 ,x is 
"o ( _m local absurdities ( ! novel     
call$ ',! ,%ad[ ( a ,crime' t ?is "n is 
br\ght 9 z an antiquity 9 ! eyes (      
*>act]s suppos$ to be liv+ two c5turies 
ago4   ,cl\gh 7,cleugh1 ,clo(1 ,cluff1  
,cl[e7 is a ,nor? ( ,engl& ^w = a k9d ( 
valley =m$ 9 ! slope ( a hill4 ,! fir/  
cut 9 c>v+ a %\ld] ( mutton produces a  
typical 'cl\gh4' ,!re is seldom any     
climb+ ab\t a g5u9e cl\gh1 because x    
implies soil r ?an rock4 ,dr4 ,murray   
tells u t ! ^w has no connection ) !    
,icel&ic 'kl(i1' yet assigns to ! latt] 
^w ! orig9 ( 'clo(1' 9 ! s5se ( ! =k ( a
 tree1 or ( ! human body4 ,to a layman 9
 su* matt]s ! two words be> a s+ul>     
resemblance1 bo? 9 s\nd & 9 s5se4       
,colli]'s ,climb on ,scafell 0 made by  
,messrs4 ,colli] & ,w9s] on ,april #b1  
#ahic1 & a v sev]e climb x is4 ,x beg9s 
f ! ,rake's ,progress at a po9t #aje ft4

 we/ f ! ,nor? ,climb4 ,aft] a direct   
asc5t ( ab\t #dj ft41 a grassy plat=m on
 ! "r 7fac+ ! wall7 is rea*$4 ,f "h a   
n>r[ & some:at awkw>d trav]se leads back
 to above ! fir/ "p ( ! climb4 ,?is     
trav]se c\ld probably be avoid$ by      
climb+ directly upw>ds4 ,!re foll[s an  
easy asc5t = #cj ft4 /ill directly      
upw>ds4 ,by trav]s+ broad grassy l$ges  
to ! "r--i4e4 t[>ds ,moss ,gill--"o ( ! 
incl9$ cracks s pla9ly se5 on ! face ( !
 cliff is rea*$1 & ! re/ ( ! asc5t made 
9 x4 ,! only sev]e difficulties 9 !     
climb are3 #a4 at ! beg9n+1 9 leav+     
,rake's ,progress2 #b4 at "o po9t 9 !   
crack :]e !re is n mu* h&hold = #aj or  
#ae ft4   ,combe ,gill1 a f9e gill 9 !  
nor? end ( ,gl>am>a4 ,! climb is a      
little ov] two miles f ,ro/hwaite1 &    
ab\t a mile less f ,seatoll]4 ,a v f9e  
mass ( rock 7"o ( ! _m ,eagle ,crags7   
/&s at ! head ( ! little valley1 & up ! 
c5tre ( ?is crag lies ! way4 ,x 0 climb$
 on ,septemb] #a1 #ahic1 by ,messrs4    
,j4,w4 ,rob9son & ,w4,a4 ,wilson1 ^:    

acc\nt ( x is z foll[s3 ',?is v f9e     
gorge has ?ree good-siz$ pit*es 9 ! l[] 
"p4 ,^! 7 pass$ by climb+ ! "r-h& edge (
 ! gill--int]e/+ "w4 ,a return on to !  
floor ( ! gill 0 made ne> ! top ( ! ?ird
 pit*1 :5 a little scrambl+ l$ to a v   
f9e wat]fall m ?an #ajj ft4 high4 ,"h   
climb 9 ! wat] z little z y c2 !n div]ge
 slightly on to ! "r-h& wall ( ! gill j 
:]e ! wat] sp\ts ov] a small recess2    
next trav]se across a r difficult slab  
into ! cave "u ! f9al b\ld]1 :i* is     
climb$ on ! left-h& & is ! la/          
difficulty4'   ,coni/on1 hav+ !         
advantage ( bo? railway & /eamboat1 is v
 accessible1 &1 not)/&+ ?is1 x is       
agreeably free f ! ru% ( excursioni/s4  
,practically x has "o f9e m\nta9--! ,old
 ,man--& no m1 ?\gh ,b[ ,fell & !       
,langdale ,pikes are n entirely out (   
rea*4 ,!re is mu* good scrambl+ 9 !     
rocks :i* fr+e ! ,old ,man & ,we!rlam1 &
 sup]b climb+ 9 ,d[ ,crag4   ,coni/on   
,old ,man4--,qu>rym5 & m9]s h betwe5 !m 
done an imm5se deal t[>ds spoil+ a v f9e

 m\nta94 ,!y h conv]t$ to base indu/rial
 uses ! :ole ea/ side ( ! m\nta91 :i*   
,nature int5d$ = climb]s4 ,!y h n yet   
invad$ ,doe ,crag 7q4v471 :i* is really 
"p ( x1 b practically no "o goes up !   
,old ,man prop]1 except = ! sake ( !    
view1 :i* is magnific5t1 & no "o asc5ds 
except f ,coni/on1 v>i$ 9 a few cases by
 work+ nor? along ! summit ridge &      
desc5d+ via ,grey ,fri>s on to ! pass ( 
,wrynose4   ,copel&4--,camd5 says (     
,cumb]l&3 ',! s\? "p ( ?is %ire is call$
 ,copel& & ,c\pl&1 = t x be>e? up ! head
 al(t ) %>p$g$ & po9t$ hilles1 :i* !    
,britans te>me ,copa4' ,lel& alludes to 
?is :5 he makes a ludicr\sly p$antic    
sugge/ion3 ',capel&e1 "p ( ,cumbrel&e1  
may be elegantly caullid ,cephal5ia4'   
,cop is f\nd 9 ,d]by%ire also1 z a      
hill-"n1 & hunt+ m5 w n ne$ to be rem9d$
 ( ! ,copl[ 9 ,leice/]%ire4             
,illu/ration3 ,,coni/on ,,& ,,doe ,,crag
   ,cornwall4--,to ! true-s\l$ climb]1  
:o c enjoy a t\gh bit ( rock1 ev5 if x  
is only fifty1 aye1 or tw5ty feet high1 

! coa/ ( ,cornwall ) its worn granite   
cliffs & bays has mu* to (f]4 ,x is     
int]e/+ almo/ ! :ole way r\nd ! coa/4   
,granite prevails1 b at ,polp]ro we h   
cliffs belong+ to ! ,l[] ,devonian      
p]iod1 & = "s t5 or twelve miles go+ we/
 f ,*apel ,po9t we f9d rocks ( !        
,silurian ord]4 ,at _m po9ts r\nd !     
,liz>d ,promontory !re are rem>kable    
rocks2 b "s ( ! f9e/ cliff sc5]y 9      
,engl& is to be f\nd betwe5 ! ,logan    
,rock & ! ,l&'s ,end4 ,^! are on !      
regul> t\ri/ tracks1 & conv5i5tly rea*$ 
f good hotels2 b ! nor? coa/ ( ,cornwall
 is "h easy ( access4 ,!re are f9e      
cliffs ab\t ,gurn>d's ,head & ,bosigran1
 :i* are well wor? a visit1 f ,/4 ,ives 
or ,p5zance 7#g or #h miles74 ,!re is a 
small inn at ,gurn>d's ,head4 ,b$ru?an  
,/eps are well-kn[n1 & ,trevose ,head1  
,p5tire 7,pad/[71 ,t9tagel & ,p5k5n]    
,po9t are only a few ( ! _m gr&         
rock-sc5es on ?is coa/4   ,cot]9e       
,hill4--,lel&1 9 8 ',it9]>y1' says t    
,ure1 ,sawle1 & ,edon rise 9 ?is hill1 &

 t '! ,h$de ( ,lune ,riv] by al         
,ae/imation mu/ be 9 ,cot]9e ,hill1 or n
 f> fro ! ,root ( x1' add+ t1 9 ! op9ion
 ( ,mr4 ,moore ( ,cambridge1 ! riv]     
,lune 'risi? yn a hill cawll$ ,cro%o1 ! 
:i* is yn ! egge ( ,ri*emont%ire4'  ,!re
 is ,cott]-dale on ! ,york%ire slope ( !
 hill 9 :i* ^! riv]s rise1 & ! celebrat$
 ,c\ntess ( ,pembroke1 9 #affc1 :5 %e   
cross$ f ,w5sleydale to ,p5dragon       
,ca/le1 calls h] j\rney 'go+ ov] ,cott]1
 :i* ,i lately repair$1' ! la/ words %[+
 t x 0 a recognis$ pass4  ,9 all        
probability ,lel&'s =m repres5ts ',cott]
 ,end1' by :i* "n1 ?\gh n giv5 9 mo/ ( !
 maps1 "p ( ! hill is /ill kn[n4        
,cove3 (t5 means 'cave' 9 ,york%ire &   
,scotl&1 b z a rule x is a l>ge recess 9
 a hill-side4   ,crav5--,camd5 rem>ks t 
! c\ntry ly+ ab\t ! head ( ! riv] ,aire 
is call$ 9 our tongue ,crav51 'p]*ance (
 ! ,briti% ^w ,crage1 t is a ,/one4 ,= !
 :ole tract !re is r\gh all ov]1 &      
unpleasant to see to2 :i* )8 craggie    
/ones1 hang+ rockes1 & rugg$ waies4'    

,mod]n climb]s1 h[ev]1 f9d x h>dly rocky
 en\gh = !m1 at lea/ above gr\nd1 & h   
be5 driv5 to inv5t a new v>iety (       
climb+--! subt]ranean4 ,exploration ( ! 
num]\s po?oles :i* honeycomb ! lime/one 
hills has ( late ye>s become a fav\rite 
pa/ime1 &1 9 tru?1 x comb9es sci5ce )   
adv5ture to a m>k$ degree4  ,any "o :o  
t>ries = any l5g? ( "t among ^!         
,york%ire dales %\ld read ,mr4 ,h4      
,speight's h&some volume1 :i* gives a v 
complete acc\nt ( ! beauties & !        
curiosities :i* !y h to %[4   ,cross    
,fell1 9 ,cumb]l&1 long enjoy$ !        
reputation be+ "o ( ! highe/ m\nta9s 9  
,engl&1 & z late z #aggj its height 0   
calculat$ at #c1cij ft41 :i* is "s #ejj 
ft4 m ?an x is entitl$ to4 ,x 0 e>li]   
?an mo/ ,engli% m\nta9s 9 becom+ !      
object ( sci5tific curiosity1 & an      
acc\nt ( x w be f\nd 9 ! ,g5tleman's    
,magaz9e = #agdg4 ,x is *iefly celebrat$
 = ! ,helm ,w9d orig9at+ f x4   ,cumb]l&
 is ! premi] climb+ c\nty4 ,! be/ c5tres
 are ,wa/dale ,head1 ,ro/hwaite or      

,seatoll]1 ,butt]m]e1 ,keswick &        
,eskdale4 ,! cream ( ! climb+ is on ^?  
fells :i* are compos$ ( rocks belong+ to
 :at is call$ '! ,borr[dale ,s]ies1' su*
 z ,scafell ,pill>1 ,gable1 ,b[fell1 & z
 a rule ! f9e/ climbs are f\nd on !     
sides :i* face ! nor? & ea/4 ,cross     
,fell does n belong to ! same           
m\nta9-sy/em z ^? j m5tion$1 & (f]s     
little climb+4 ,! be/ cliffs on ! coa/  
are ab\t ,/4 ,bees ,head4   ,cu/'s      
,gully1 on ,great ,end4--,to ! l>ge &   
increas+ numb] ( m5 :o visit ! ,lakes 9 
w9t]1 p]haps no climb is bett] kn[n ?an 
?is4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahhj1 a p>ty1 includ+ 
"o ( ! greate/ ( lady m\nta9e]s1 & ov]  
tw5ty memb]s ( ! ,alp9e ,club1 asc5d$   
?is 'v int]e/+ *imney or c\loir1 :i*1   
be+ fill$ ) ice & sn[1 gave unexpect$   
satisfaction4 ,!re is a v rem>kable     
natural ar* 9 ?is c\loir1 :i* ,mr4 ,cu/ 
claims to h be5 ! fir/ to discov]1 & he 
0 !re=e entru/$ ) ! guidance ( ! p>ty4' 
,! or?odox approa* is by way ( ,skew    
,gill1 :i* is conspicu\s at ! "r h& on  

ne>+ ,/y ,head f ,wa/dale4 ,a %ort      
di/ance beyond ! head ( ?is gill our    
gully is se5 ris+ on ! "r1 m>k$ by !    
conspicu\s block ( /one4 ,be+1 z !      
,scot* say1 'back ( ! sun1' ?is gully   
(t5 holds sn[ till comp>atively late 9 !
 season4 ,inde$1 9 w9t]1 x is sometimes 
s mu* *ok$ ) sn[ t ! ar* disappe>s1 & x 
is ev5 said t self-respect+ climb]s1 :o 
recognise t a gully ought to be foll[$ )
 /rictness1 h felt b\nd to rea* ! block 
by tunnell+1 in/ead ( walk+ ov] ! top4  
,9 ! spr+ ( #ahij !re 0 a trem5d\s fall 
( /ones1 by :i* ! gully 0 ne>ly fill$4  
,except 9 sn[ "t1 loose /ones are an    
objection1 & _m f9d x m int]e/+ to asc5d
 by a small gully1 almo/ a bran* (      
',cu/'s1' on ! "r h&4 ,z climbs nei!r ( 
!m w comp>e ) ! m ea/]n gullies4        
,dale3 curi\sly us$ 9 ,d]by%ire = ea*   
sep>ate section ( a riv] valley1 :i*    
else:]e w\ld =m only "o dale4   ,daleg>?
 ,=ce1 9 ,cumb]l&1 ne> ,boot1 9         
,eskdale4 ,! wall on ! nor? side ( ?is  
extremely pretty little fall is v l[2 b1

 be+ granite1 (f]s "o or two problems to
 ! climb]4 ,/anley ,gill is ano!r "n = !
 same place4   ,d>tmoor1 a high upl&    
moor1 =m+ a va/ res]voir1 f :i* mo/ ( ! 
,devon%ire riv]s are f$4 ,x is curi\s r 
?an beautiful1 & m int]e/+ to !         
geologi/1 ! antiqu>y1 & ! fi%]man ?an x 
is to ! m\nta9e]4 ,yet x is in/ructive  
ev5 to him1 = ! frequ5cy ( ra9 & mi/ & !
 paucity ( l&m>ks :i* c be se5 m ?an a  
few y>ds (f1 c\pl$ ) ! necessity (      
con/antly wat*+ ! gr\nd1 r5d] x "o ( !  
easie/ places 9 ! _w 9 :i* to lose "o's 
way 9 any b ! f9e/ wea!r4 ,!re are no   
true hills1 b "h & !re a gradual rise ( 
! gr\nd is se51 ) a lump or two (       
granite grotesquely plant$ on ! top ( x4
 ,^! are ! ,tors4 ,z a rule !y are v    
small1 b (t5 pres5t problems to !       
climb]1 & are seldom )\t int]e/ ( "s    
sort4  ,a great _m may be rea*$ f       
,tavi/ock or ! little inn at ,m]ivale   
,bridge4   ,dead ,crags 7,c4 %4 #ef7 are
 l(ty b disappo9t+ rocks on ! nor? side 
( ,skiddaw4 ,!re is p]haps #ejj ft4 (   

/eep crumbly rock1 some?+ l ,hobc>ton4  
,deep ,gill4--,! "n is n infrequ5t2 =   
example1 !re is "o on ! s\? side (      
,great ,gable1 ea/ ( ! ,napes1 b n[ x is
 always call$ ,hell ,gate4 ,! ,deep     
,gill is on ,scafell1 & falls into !    
,"l's ,rake4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( x 0 made 9
 ,augu/ #ahfi by ,mr4 ,t4,l4 ,murray    
,br[ne1 :o wrote 9 ! ,visitors' ,book at
 ,wa/dale ,head3 ',! att5tion (         
m\nta9e]s is call$ to a rock on ,scafell
 on ! "r 7look+ d[n7 ( a rem>kable gill 
:i* cleaves ! rocks ( ,scafell & desc5ds
 into ,l+mell ,gill4 ,x looks /iff4' ,! 
rock allud$ to is ! ,scafell ,pill> & ! 
gill is ,deep ,gill4 ,x is well describ$
 by ,mr4 ,sl+sby 9 ! ,alp9e ,j\rnal1    
vol4 xiii4 p4 #ic3 ',aft] a c\ple (     
hundr$ /eps _h be5 cut 9 ! sn[ 9 ,"l's  
,rake & at ! bottom ( ,deep ,gill1 :i*  
jo9s ! =m] at "r angles1 we rea*$ ! fir/
 block--a l>ge rock p]haps #ae ft4      
squ>e--:i* ov]hangs ! gill1 & s =ms a   
cave4 ,bel[ ! rock ! sn[ 0 m\ld$ into   
mo/ fanta/ic %apes by occasional        

wat]-drips f above4 ,at ! "r h& ( ! big 
rock a few small /ones are jamm$ fa/    
betwe5 x & ! side ( ! rav9e1 & !y af=d !
 only r\te up above ! rock4 ,^! /ones c 
be rea*$ f ! back ( ! little cave1 &    
occasionally f ! sn[ direct4 ,ha/+s--:o 
is a v p[]ful fell[ & a brilliant       
climb]--& ,i got on ! /ones1 z we did   
la/ ye>4 ,he !n /ood on my %\ld]1 &1 by 
! aid ( long arms & be+ /eadi$ by me1 he
 rea*$ a t9y l$ge & drew himself up4    
,mason & ,i f\nd x no *ild's play to    
foll[ him ) ! rope4 ,"s two hundr$ m    
/eps 9 h>d sn[ br\ght u to ! only place 
:]e we c\ld attack ! second block4 ,"h  
?ree fall5 rocks /op ! way1 & on ! left 
h& is ! well-nigh l$geless cliff :i*    
t]m9ates f> away ov]head 9 ! ,sca ,fell 
,p9nacle1 or ,sca ,fell ,pill>4 ,on ! "r
 a high p]p5dicul> wall effectually cuts
 (f ! gill f ! t]races ( ,"l's ,rake4   
,on ! left h& ( ! gill a small tongue ( 
rock1 v /eep1 juts out p]haps #dj ft4   
d[n ! gully f ! fall5 block ne>e/ to !  
,p9nacle wall1 & =ms a small crack1 &   

?is crack is ! only way upw>d4 ,f a     
m\nta9e]'s po9t ( view ! /ratification (
 ! rocks "h is all wrong4 ,! crack ends 
9 a *imney ab\t #bj ft4 high1 betwe5 !  
wall & a smoo?ly poli%$ boss ( rock4    
,ha/+s1 /ill lead+1 f\nd ! crack to be  
difficult1 b climb$ x 9 a mo/ ma/]ly    
way4 ,all loose /ones1 tufts ( grass &  
moss1 _h to be ?r[n d[n1 &1 9 ! abs5ce (
 h& & foot hold1 ! knees1 elb[s1 ?ighs1 
& o!r p>ts ( ! body _h to d ! hold+ on1 
:il/1 cat]pill>-l1 we drew ourselves    
upw>d bit by bit4 ,! *imney is be/      
climb$ by lean+ aga9/ ! ,p9nacle wall ) 
"o's back & elb[s1 &1 at ! same "t1 by  
walk+ ) ! feet fly-l up ! boss opposite4
 ,f ! top ( ! boss a n>r[ slop+ trav]se1
 p]haps #ab ft4 long1 leads into ! tr\gh
 ( ! gill4 ,) a rope ?is is an easy run2
 )\t "o x w\ld n be nice4 ,a /one ?r[n  
d[n f "h falls ov] bo? blocks & rolls   
d[n ! sn[ out ( ! m\? ( ,"l's ,rake on  
to ! screes f> away bel[4 ,! crack1     
*imney1 & trav]se1 %ort di/ance ?\gh x  
is1 took u ab\t an h\r to pass4 ,! climb

 f ,deep ,gill to ! gap f :i* ! ,p9nacle
 is asc5d$ is a v good "o1 :i* two m5 c 
d mu* bett] ?an "o4 ,! ,p9nacle itself f
 ! gap is p]haps #be ft4 high1 & is     
really a fir/-rate little climb1 :]e !  
h&s & ! body h to d ! bulk ( ! "w4'     
,illu/ration3 ,,deep ,,gill1 ,,scafell  
7,! ,l[] ,pit*7  ,! date ( ,mr4         
,sl+sby's attempt 0 ,m>* #b1 #ahhe1 & t 
( 8 successful asc5t ,m>* #bh1 #ahhf3 b 
z e>ly z #ahhb ?is climb _h be5 made1   
piecemeal1 by ! pres5t writ]1 :o1 h[ev]1
 nev]1 s f> z he c rememb]1 bl5d$ !     
diff]5t items into a cont9u\s climb     
until ! summ] ( #ahhd1 :5 he desc5d$ !  
:ole l5g? ( ! gill 9 company ) ,mr4 ,*r4
 ,cookson1 ( ,c4,c4,c41 ,ox=d4 ,a yet   
e>li] desc5t ( ! gill _h be5 made at    
,ea/] #ahhb by ,messrs4 ,arnold ,mumm & 
,j4,e4 ,k+1 ( ! same college1 :o f\nd   
su* a ph5om5al dep? ( sn[ t ! ob/acles 7
 buri$1 & !y 7 able to walk f end to end
 )\t us+ _! h&s4 ,! same ?+ happ5$ aga9 
9 ,janu>y #ahhg1 :5 ,messrs4 ,creak &   
,rob9son 7 able to walk up ov] bo?      

pit*es )\t hav+ ev5 to cut a /ep4  ,!   
l[] pit* may also be pass$ by us+ a     
recess resembl+ "o half ( a funnel 9 !  
r$ rock ( ! v]tical s\? wall ( ! gill4  
,! wor/ "p ( ?is is :]e y leave ! funnel
 & beg9 to coa/ r\nd 9 ord] to re-ent] !
 gill4 ,! space compris$ betwe5 ! two   
pit*es c be ent]$ v easily by pass+ r\nd
 ! foot ( ! ,scafell ,pill>1 or ) mu* m 
difficulty d[n ! v]tical s\? wall4 ,!   
upp] pit* may be pass$ 9 two ways1      
besides ! incl9e4 ,"o is by means ( a   
n>r[ side gully1 ! upp] /age ( :i* is   
mo/ easily pass$ by foll[+ ! ridge :i*  
divides x f ! ma9 gill4 ,! ?ird way is !
 mo/ direct & ! mo/ difficult1 ly+      
betwe5 ! incl9e & ! great block4 ,mr4   
,ow5 ,jones seems to h inv5t$ x 9 ! ye> 
#ahib1 & took up a p>ty by x on t       
occasion ) ! assi/ance ( a good deal (  
sn[1 & ano!r p>ty 9 ! mon? ( ,augu/     
#ahic1 :5 !re 0 no sn[ at all4 ,!re is  
no m fa%ionable w9t] climb ?an ,deep    
,gill1 & ab\t ,*ri/mas "t ! cl9k ( ! axe
 e*oes among its crags f dawn to dusk4  

,x is rea*$ f ,wa/dale ,head 9 ab\t an  
h\r & a half4 ,! %\ld] ( ,l+mell has    
fir/ to be r\nd$1 & x makes little      
diff]5ce ei!r 9 "t or fatigue :e!r ?is  
be done comp>atively high up or by tak+ 
! high road to ! bridge ne> ! head ( !  
lake or by an int]m$iate c\rse4 ,at any 
rate1 a long gr9d up ,br[n ,tongue1 9 ! 
holl[ betwe5 ,l+mell & ,scafell1 _c be  
avoid$1 & :5 ! *aos call$ ,holl[ ,/ones 
is rea*$ a va/ outbur/ ( scree high up  
on ! "r h& indicates ! m\? ( ,"l's      
,rake4 ,aft] a labori\s scramble up ?is 
scree ! rake is ent]$1 & only a few y>ds
 fur!r ! l[] pit* ( ,deep ,gill is se5  
on ! left h&4   ,deep ,gill             
,pill>4--,see ,deep ,gill & ,scafell    
,pill>4   ,d]by%ire is well end[$ 9 po9t
 ( rock sc5]y1 b x is n really a        
climb]'s c\ntry4 ,! rocks are ( two     
k9ds--! ,lime/one1 ( :i* ,dov$ale may be
 tak5 z a type1 & ! ,mill/one ,grit1 :i*
 prevails fur!r nor?4 ,! =m] %[s _m a   
%>p p9nacle & _m a %e] cliff1 b is (t5  
dang]\sly rott51 :ile ! latt] assumes   

/range1 grotesque =ms1 &1 :5 x does (f] 
a climb1 ends x (f abruptly1 j z "o ?9ks
 ! enjoym5t is ab\t to beg94 ,x is1     
nev]!less1 mu* m satisfactory ?an !     
lime/one1 & _m pleas+ problems may be   
f\nd on x1 especially 9 ! neighb\rhood (
 ! ,d[nfall on ,k9d] ,sc\t4 ,= ?is      
,buxton or ,*apel-en-le-,fri? is ( c\rse
 a bett] c5tre ?an ,matlock4            
,devon%ire4--,! inl& climb+ 9 ?is c\nty 
is v limit$4 ,( granite !re are ! ,tors 
( ,d>tmoor & ! ,dew]/one ne> ,plym\?1 & 
!re is a rem>kably f9e lime/one rav9e at
 ,*udleigh1 b !re is little else wor?y (
 m5tion4 ,b ! coa/ ( ,devon%ire is      
exceptionally f9e1 & p]haps no o!r c\nty
 c %[ su* a v>iety ( f9e cliffs4 ,at    
,be] ,head we h *alk2 at ,an/is ,cove1  
,torbay1 & ,b]ry ,head lime/one2 at ,/>t
 ,po9t & ,/oke ,po9t slate4 ,= bold     
cliff sc5]y few p>ts ( ! ,*annel c rival
 ! piece betwe5 ,/>t ,po9t & ,bolt      
,tail4  ,on ! nor? coa/ ( ,devon !re are
 _m /rik+ cliffs4 ,among !m may be      
notic$ ,h$don's ,m\?1 ,ca/le ,rock 7at  

,lynton71 "s rocks ab\t ,ilfracombe1 !  
granite cliffs ( ,lundy1 ,h>tl& ,po9t2 9
 fact mu* ( ! coa/ f ,clovelly "r away  
to ,bude 9 ,cornwall is rem>kably f9e4  
,dixon's ,?ree ,jumps1 on ,blea ,wat]   
,crag 7,high ,/reet1 ,we/morl&71 s call$
 f ! fam\s fall "h ( a fox-hunt] ab\t ! 
ye> #agfb4  ,p]haps no "o ev] fell s f> 
& yet su/a9$ s little p]man5t injury4 ,z
 an in/ance ( '! rul+ passion /rong 9   
dea?1' or at lea/ 9 appall+ proximity to
 dea?1 x may be m5tion$ t1 on arriv+ at 
! bottom1 he got on 8 knees & cri$ out1 
',lads1 t' fox is gane oot at t' hee    
e5d4 ,lig t' dogs on an' aa'l cum syun4'
 ,he !n fell back unconsci\s1 b recov]$1
 & liv$ _m ye>s aft]4  ,ano!r ,dixon    
fell :ile fox-hunt+ on ,helvellyn 9     
#aheh1 b 0 kill$4 ,!re is a monum5t to  
him on ,/rid+ ,edge4   ,dodd3 a         
r\nd-topp$ hill4 ,! ^w is common 9 !    
,l[l&s & 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl&4 ,x is (t5  
said to mean a limb ( a l>g] m\nta91 b  
,dodd ,fell 9 ,york%ire w\ld alone      
refute ?is1 be+ ! highe/ hill 9 its     

neighb\rhood4   ,doe ,crag1 9 ,eskdale  
7,c4 %4 #gd71 is a bold rock1 long      
reput$ inaccessible1 l[ d[n on ! nor?   
side ( ! approa* to ,mickl$oor f ! ea/4 
,! ,woolpack 9 ,eskdale is ! ne>e/ inn4 
,! rock1 z a climb1 is v inf]ior to its 
namesake at ,coni/on 7see ,d[ ,crag74   
,door ,head1 ! col betwe5 ,yewb>r[ & ,r$
 ,pike4 ,!re is capital scree "h1 & a v 
rapid desc5t into ,mos$ale may be made  
by x4 ,m5 :o h sp5t ! day on ! ,pill>   
sometimes return to ,wa/dale ,head r\nd 
! head ( ,mos$ale1 & w9d up by rac+ d[n 
^! screes f ! col to ! /ream bel[4 ,!   
di/ance is ab\t #fej y>ds1 & !          
p]p5dicul> drop ab\t #a1bjj ft4 ,any?+  
less ?an five m9utes is consid]$ v 'good
 "t4'   ,d\p3 any semicircul> cavity    
resembl+ half an egg-%ell 7,n4 ( ,eng474
   ,d[ 7or ,doe7 ,crag1 9 ,lanca%ire1   
lies j we/ ( ,coni/on ,old ,man1 be+    
only divid$ f x by ,goat's ,wat]4 ,!    
climb+ "h is second to none4 ,!re are   
?ree or f\r sup]b gullies4 ,p]haps ! be/
 is 9 a l9e ) ! head ( ! t>n & ! cairn  

on ! ,old ,man1 & ano!r sc>cely1 if at  
all1 inf]ior is ne>ly opposite a v l>ge 
/one 9 ! t>n4 ,! fir/ asc5t ( "o 0 made 
by ,mr4 ,rob9son & ! writ] 9 ! ye>      
#ahhf2 t ( ! o!r by a p>ty includ+      
,messrs4 ,sl+sby1 ,ha/+s1 ,e4 ,hopk9son1
 & ! writ] 9 ,july #ahhh4 ,! la/-m5tion$
 7) indisp5sable aid f ! rope7 aft]w>ds 
desc5d$ an int]m$iate gully ( t]rific   
aspect4  ,illu/ration3 ,,doe ,,crag1    
,,coni/on ,! l[e/ pit* ( ! c5tral gully4
 ,! top ( ! w$g$ block is rea*$ by m\nt+
 ! %all[ scoop on ! left ( ! picture1 & 
!n coa/+ r\nd into ! gully aga94  ,t[>ds
 ! foot ( ! t>n ! gullies are mu* less  
sev]e4  ,above is an illu/ration ( !    
fir/ pit* ( ! gully climb$ 9 #ahhh4 ,mr4
 ,ha/+s l$ up ! %all[ crevice se5 on !  
left ( ! picture1 & on rea*+ ! level ( !
 top ( ! pit* cont\r$ ! int]v5+ buttress
 into ! *imney aga94 ,?is is no easy    
matt] & requir$ great c>e4   ,dunald    
,mill ,hole4--,"o ( ! e>lie/            
descriptions ( a ',po?ole' w be f\nd 9 !
 ',annual ,regi/]' = #agfj1 :]e ?is     

curiosity is treat$ ( at "s l5g?4 ,x is 
a good specim5 ( a common type1 & lies  
betwe5 ,lanca/] & ,c>n=?4   ,dungeon    
,gill1 9 ,langdale1 des]ves m5tion 9 any
 treatise on ,briti% climb+1 inasmu* z !
 poet ,wordswor? has made x ! sc5e ( an 
e>ly de$ ( d>+ p]=m$ by an idle %eph]d  
boy--       ,into a *asm a mighty block 
,ha? fall5 & made a bridge ( rock1      
,! gulf is deep bel[4  ,! gulf & !      
mighty block are bo? !re /ill2 b !re is 
m pleasure 9 see+ ! =m] ?an !re is      
excitem5t 9 cross+ by ! latt]4   ,eagle 
,crag4--,rocks ( ?is "n are pretty      
num]\s 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl&1 &1 l ! ',rav5
 ,crags1' are1 z might be expect$1      
always bold & precipit\s4  ,on          
,helvellyn4--,canon ,butl]1 9 8 article 
on ! ,lakes 9 #ahdd1 :i* appe>$ 9       
,longman's ,magaz9e1 describes 9 an     
amus+ mann] an adv5ture :i* he _h on ?is
 rock4 ,x is on ! "r-h& side ( ! track f
 ,patt]dale to ,gris$ale ,hause4  ,9    
,easdale 7,w4 %4 #ag74--,?is is easily  
f\nd by foll[+ up ! /ream :i* runs into 

,easdale ,t>n4 ,!re is n m ?an #bjj-cjj 
ft4 ( crag1 & mu* ( x is v rott51 b )   
pretty bits ( climb+ "h & !re4 ,grasm]e 
is ! only place f :i* x is conv5i5tly   
rea*$4  ,9 ,gre5up 7,c4 %4 #ge7 is z    
noble a rock z c be f\nd 9 ,engl&4 ,z   
se5 f ,borr[dale ne> ,ro/hwaite x has ! 
appe>ance ( two huge /eps ( rock1 b !   
/eps are really sep>ate rocks1 "o beh9d 
! o!r--,eagle ,crag & ,p\nsey ,crag4    
,l>ge portions ( ea* ( !m are q         
unclimbable1 & mu* ( !m is too easy to  
be wor? do+1 s t ! am\nt ( int]e/+      
climb+ to be met ) is less ?an might be 
expect$4 ,close by is ,long/ra?1 :]e !re
 is a little "w :i* may be comb9$ ) ?is 
7see ,blea ,crag & ,s]jeant ,crag74 ,!  
foot ( ,eagle ,crag is rea*$ f          
,ro/hwaite or ,seatoll] 9 less ?an an   
h\r4   ,eagle's ,ne/--"o ( ! ridges ( ! 
,napes ly+ betwe5 ! ,ne$le & !          
,arr[head4 ,on ,april #ae1 #ahib1       
,messrs4 ,sl+sby1 ,bak]1 ,solly1 &      
,brigg asc5d$ x & f\nd x extremely      
difficult = #aej ft4 ,at "o po9t1 ab\t  

on a level ) ! top ( ! ,ne$le1 !re is   
room = "o p]son to sit d[n1 & "h !      
second man on ! rope jo9$ ! lead] & gave
 him a %\ld] up4 ,to ?is place !y gave !
 "n ( ! ,eagle's ,ne/1 & x is almo/ !   
only po9t at :i* any mat]ial help c be  
giv5 to ! lead]4  ,! "p j above ?is !y  
consid]$ ! /iffe/ "p ( ! climb2 b :5 !y 
rea*$ a pat* ( grass j bel[ a slant+    
*imney ! difficulties mod]at$4 ,f !     
bottom to :]e ! ridge jo9s ! ,ne$le     
,ridge !y took two h\rs & t5 m9utes4    
,eel ,crag4--,! ^w ',eel1' we are told1 
is id5tical ) ',ill1' :i* is se5 9 ,ill 
,bell & ! num]\s ,ill ,gills1 & means   
'/eep4' ,if s ! "n ought to be m frequ5t
 9 ! ,lake c\ntry ?an x is1 & x might be
 sugge/$ t 9 "s cases 'eagle' may h be5 
worn d[n to 'eel4' ,!re are two crags ( 
! "n 9 ,cumb]l&1 n v f> ap>t4  ,9       
,col$ale4--,^! rocks are /eep1 b too mu*
 brok5 up to be really wor? a visit on  
_! own acc\nt4 ,h[ev]1 aft] ,=ce ,crag  
has be5 tri$1 ^! are conv5i5tly ne>4  ,9
 ,newl&s 7,c4 %4 #gj74--;,among ! rocks 

:i* flank ,newl&s on ! ea/ mu* good     
mat]ial may be f\nd4 ,"o is rem9d$ a    
little ( ! ,wa/wat] ,screes1 b ( c\rse  
^! are n on any?+ approa*+ t scale4 ,!  
greate/ height ( ! craggy "p is only    
ab\t #djj ft4   ,eight-foot ,drop4--,on 
! ,pill> ,rock is ! passage f ! ridge ( 
! ,curta9 d[n onto ! l[] "p ( ! ,/eep   
,grass4 ,x figures 9 "s ( ! e>li]       
acc\nts z a =midable feature ( ! asc5t4 
,n[adays x is kn[n h[ mu* easi] x is to 
keep on ! flank ( ! curta91 & only leave
 x :5 at ! top ( ! *imney :i* runs up f 
! head ( ,/eep ,grass4 ,no 'drop' is1 9 
fact1 necess>y2 b ! climb1 ?\gh n 9 any 
s5se difficult1 is g5]ally reg>d$ z a   
good te/ ( neatness ( /yle4             
,enn]dale4--,= a valley :i* n only is "o
 ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ impressive 9 ! ,lake   
c\ntry1 b conta9s moreov] a %>e ( ! mo/ 
p]fect m\nta9 9 broad ,engl&--,great    
,gable--& all ( ! mo/ fam\s rock--!     
,pill>--s+ul>ly little is popul>ly kn[n 
( ,enn]dale4 ,b1 :5 we consid] t ! place
 is "o :i* is1 or %\ld be1 hall[$ to all

 dev\t ,wordswor?ians z ! sc5e ( "o ( ! 
f9e/ productions ( _! poet1 ! ?+ becomes
 incompreh5sible4 ,to beg9 )1 !         
guide-books h nev] done x ju/ice4 ,9    
area ( pap] cov]$ ) descriptions ( x    
,engli% ,lakel& is probably _m squ>e    
miles ahead ( any equal portion ( !     
e>?'s surface4 ,b guide-book writ]s love
 to /& ^u ! anci5t ways2 & any "o :o    
takes ! tr\ble to comp>e ,we/ or ,otley 
) ! works ( to-day mu/ admit t1 except 9
 matt]s ( detail1 ! advance has be5     
incr$ibly small4 ,! public are bett]    
judges ( accuracy ?an ( ent]prise1 & :at
 pleases ! public pays4 ,^! g5tlem51    
!re=e1 wor?y & pa9/ak+ z !y are1 %>e to 
"s ext5t 9 ! n>r[ aspirations ( !       
hirel+1 &1 inde$1 we are tempt$ to      
believe t _! motives 9 %unn+ ,enn]dale 7
 n :olly =eign to ! "* ( him :o 'flee?  
because he is afraid1' = !y h br\ght up 
a t]rible report ( ! dale4 ,if1 h[ev]1  
?is has be5 a wise precaution on _! "p1 
a means ( det]r+ any inquir] f expos+ _!
 want ( en]gy1 x has be5 rew>d$ ) a l>ge

 measure ( success4 ,"h is an invit+    
prospect = a timid travell]3 ',enn]dale 
,lake 444 is s wild 9 ! "* ( its %ores &
 9 its position among ! m\nta9s z to h  
caus$ m t]rors & disa/]s to /rang]s ?an 
any o!r spot 9 ! di/rict4 ,at e h\se f  
,wa/dale ,head to ,enn]dale ,bridge     
/ories may be he>d ( adv5tures & escapes
 ( p$e/rians & horsem5 9 ,mos$ale & !   
passes ( ,black ,sail & ,sc>f ,gap'     
7,:ellan's ',hi/ory ( ,cumb]l&1' #ahfj74
 ,c x be wond]$ at t1 9 ! face ( su*    
t]rors z ?is1 v few p f9d _! way into   
,enn]dale1 except ^? :o ) fe> & trembl+ 
cross ! head ( x on _! way betwe5       
,butt]m]e & ,wa/dale ,head8 ,e          
guide-book1 inde$1 m5tions ,enn]dale & !
 ,pill> by "n1 because x gives an       
opportunity = quot+ ! well-worn l9es f  
',! ,bro!rs1' aft] :i* a few meagre     
rem>ks may be expect$ to foll[ on !     
',pill> ,m\nta91' ! ',pill> ,rock1' &   
',enn]dale ,lake1' expressions ( :i* n  
"o1 /rictly speak+1 is correct1 = !     
prop] "n ( ! fir/ is beyond all d\bt    

',pill> ,fell1' 'm\nta9' be+ an         
innovation ( t\ri/s & guide-book writ]s1
 :o betwe5 !m h made ',pill> ,rock' s\nd
 m famili> ?an ! g5u9e "n ',pill>       
,/one1' & h almo/ ou/$ ',broadwat]' 9   
fav\r ( ',enn]dale ,lake4'  ,pr9t$      
au?orities are scanty1 because ,enn]dale
 is ( v rec5t discov]y4 ,! e>ly         
guide-books simply "k no?+ ab\t x4 ,we/ 
7#aggh7 does n m5tion x1 & ! gift$      
au?oress ( t t\*+ poem ',edw9a' did n   
ev5 "k h[ to spell its "n3       ,b     
*iefly1 ,enn]sdale1 to !e ,i turn1      
,& o'er ?y heal?ful vales he>tr5d$ m\rn1
      ,va9 d ?y riv'lets spread _! curv+
 sides      ,:ile o'er ?y gl5s ! summ]  
zephyr glides4  ,& yet ,mrs4 ,c[ley 0 by
 no means indiff]5t to su* po9ts4       
,inde$1 we owe ! orig9 ( ?is exquisite  
poem to h] etymological zeal & to h]    
desire to immortalise ! brilliant       
sugge/ion t ! "n ',wotobank' 0 d]iv$ f  
"s "o hav+ once said1 ',woe to ?is      
bank6' ,x may ev5 be t ! spell+ is a    
symbolical subtlety--a k9d ( ref9em5t on

 '^w-pa9t+' int5d$ to %ad[ =? to less   
poetic m9ds1 by ! s9uosity ( ! sup]flu\s
 's1' ! unique mann] 9 :i* ! rivulets ( 
?is happy valley are wont to 'spread _! 
curv+ sides4' ,"o ( ! e>lie/ visitors to
 ,enn]dale appe>s to h be5 ! arti/      
,smi?1 ( ,d]by 7#agfg71 :o sket*$ !     
lake1 z did also ,wilk9son 9 #ahaj4     
,wordswor? _h be5 !re be=e #ahjj1 &     
,gre5's description %[s t he 0 mu* /ruck
 by ! sc5]y ( upp] ,enn]dale4 ,b1 ?\gh  
visitors to ,enn]dale h be5 & /ill are  
few1 mo/ ( ^! few speak highly ( its    
beauties1 'p>tly p]haps1' says ,mr4     
,payn1 '9 consequ5ce ( _! hav+ endur$   
c]ta9 inconv5i5ces 7) :i* !y are anxi\s 
t y %\ld also become acqua9t$7 :5 belat$
 9 t lovely spot4' ,! dale is n )\t its 
associations4 ,=m]ly x 0 a de] =e/1 !   
prop]ty ( ! ,cr[n by =feiture f ! fa!r (
 ! ill-fat$ ,lady ,jane ,grey4 ,! ,s&=d 
manuscript speaks en?usia/ically ( '!   
monta9es & f=e/ ( ,inn]dale1 :] !r is   
re$ de> & z great ,h>tts & ,/aggs z 9   
any "p ( ,engl&4 ,! b[-be>] is a brave  

g5tleman4' ,b x is n[ _m ye>s s9ce ! la/
 ( ! h]d 0 de/roy$1 & no "o liv+ c      
rememb] ! days :5 ,enn]dale c\ld %[--:at
 9 almo/ any l&scape is a cr[n+         
beauty--! /ately figure ( a great r$    
/ag4 ,c]ta9ly an elem5t ( romance has "h
 be5 lo/2 b h[ c t be felt s long z "h &
 !re "s ag$ man survives to keep gre5   
among ! dalesm5 ! memory ( 't' girt wild
 dog'8 ,! /ories told ( ?is rem>kable   
animal w\ld fill volumes & =m a highly  
int]e/+ /udy 9 contempor>y my?ology2 &  
yet1 :5 we consid] ! /ate ( unp>allel$  
excitem5t into :i* ! :ole c\ntryside 0  
?r[n at ! "t1 & ! assiduity ) :i* x has 
ev] s9ce be5 talk+ ov] ! ev5ts ( t /irr+
 p]iod1 we %all f9d cause to wond]1 n t 
! /ory 9 "s ( its details %\ld h acquir$
 a slight leg5d>y flav\r1 b r t ! great 
bulk ( ! incid5ts n>rat$ %\ld be s      
?or\ghly well au!nticat$4 ,c]ta9ly x is 
a lesson 9 fai?1 & makes x easi] to     
cr$it /ories su* z t :i* ,ovid tells ) s
 mu* _s ( ! ,calydonian bo>2 = if 9 !   
days ( mod]n fire>ms a dog c defy a l>ge

 di/rict & kill a c\ple ( %eep a day =  
ne>ly half a ye> toge!r1 !re is less    
reason = d\bt+ t 9 old days an am\nt (  
de/ruction & deva/ation :i* w\ld n      
discr$it a mod]n m9i/] c\ld be wr\ght by
 ! unaid$ ex]tions ( "o malevol5t pig4  
,= mon?s ! dog 0 hunt$ & %ot at1 b seem$
 to lead a *>m$ life2 9 ! excitem5t f>m+
 op]ations 7 t]ribly neglect$1 until at 
la/1 9 ! p]son ( ,john ,/eel ( ,asby1   
arose ! mod]n ,meleag]4  ,_m a /ory is  
told ( t excit+ "t1 & "o especially has 
hit ! fancy ( ! dale4 ,until rec5tly !  
cu/om 0 t fox-hunts %\ld take place on  
"o p>ticul> day ( ! week--a day !       
selection ( :i* = a ,s\!rn meet w\ld1   
h[ev] conv5i5t1 be reg>d$ ) consid]able 
surprise4 ,possibly ?is cu/om 0 held to 
gov]n dog-hunt+ also2 = "o ,sunday1 z ! 
,rev4 ,mr4 ,ponsonby 7probably !        
id5tical 'homely prie/' :o is m5tion$ 9 
',! ,bro!rs'7 0 conduct+ ,div9e ,s]vice1
 ! att5tive c>s ( ! congregation caught 
! s\nd ( "s commotion )\t1 foll[$ by !  
ru% ( h\nds & ! pant+ ( human lungs4    

,!re c\ld be no mi/ak+ ^! signs4 ,a fa9t
 murmur pass$ r\nd ! sacr$ build+1 ',t' 
girt dog6' & 9 an in/ant ! rev]5d       
g5tleman 0 ! only male )9 ! walls4 ,a   
mom5t's pause1 & !n female sympa?y &    
female curiosity triumph$1 & ! o!r &    
bett] half ( ! congregation disappe>$4  
,! /ory goes 9 ,enn]dale 7b = ?is we    
decl9e to v\*7 t ! ag$ pa/or1 ca/+ a    
sorr[ful glance ^u ! empty b5*es1 ha/ily
 adju/$ ! robes ( 8 (fice1 & ere ! la/  
petticoat _h flutt]$ f ! por* 0 9 full  
c>e] to jo9 ! headlong hunt4  ,= five   
mon?s ,enn]dale _h be5 9 a /ate (       
convulsive excitem5t1 = ! fir/ & la/ "t1
 x is said1 'syn t' ,flud'2 ! hon\r (   
hav+ enliv5$ ! dale is fairly divid$    
betwe5 ! ,deluge & ! ,dog4  ,to see     
,enn]dale z x %\ld be se51 & to get a   
cle> idea ( ! surr\nd+ di/rict1 !re is  
no bett] plan ?an to m\nt f ,butt]m]e to
 ,r$ ,pike--! ,rigi ( ,cumb]l&--& f !re 
foll[ ) eye &1 if necess>y1 map ! foll[+
 acc\nt ( a 'run1' tell+ h[ 'oald ,jobby
 o' ,smea?at tallyho't a fox ya ,sunday 

mworn+1 j z day brak1 oot ov a borran o'
 /eeans1 abeunn ,floot]n ,t>n1 i' ,h]das
 end2 an' hoo x teukk ow] be t' ,cleugh 
gill an' t' hoonds viewt him sa h>d 'at 
he teuk t' ,broadwat] an' swam 'cross t'
 hee end on't1 an t' dogs w5t roond an' 
oop t' ,side ,wood 444 an' !y :isselt   
him oop be t' ,iron ,crag1 an' be t'    
,silv] ,cwove an !n ?roo t' ,pill>1 an' 
a gay r\gh bit o' grund x is4 ,hoo he   
%akt 'em (f a bit !]1 an' !y at him     
agean an' meadd o' r+ amang t' rocks4   
,hoo !y ran him roond be ,black ,sail1  
an' ,lizza hee faulds an' clam oot be t'
 ,sc>f ,gap an' on to t' ,wo' heead an' 
!y beeldit 'am ond] t' ,brock ,/eeans   
an' he 0 seaff aneugh !]4'  ,) or )\t ! 
fox-hunt ?is view f ,r$ ,pike is        
magnific5t1 yet !re are sev]al o!rs :i* 
run x v close4 ,:at1 = in/ance1 c be    
bett]1 j at ! cle>+ ( a %[]1 ?an !      
look-out f ! ,pill> ,fell on ! opposite 
side ( ! valley8 ,f ! gloom & gr&eur    
ar\nd x ! eye travels "r along to !     
smil+ gre5 ( ! op5 c\ntry beyond ! lake 

bord]$ by a l9e ( glitt]+ sea4 ,?is view
 has "o drawback 9 t y _c at "o "t be   
look+ bo? f ! ,pill> & at x2 b !n x is  
h>dly possible to ent] ,enn]dale at all 
)\t see+ ?is rock1 ! real glory ( !     
valley1 f _m effective po9ts2 &1        
moreov]1 no day !re is complete )\t a   
quiet half-h\r sp5t 9 float+ on ! lake  
ab\t sunset2 =1 :e!r x be due to !      
we/]ly lie ( ! dale or to "s o!r cause1 
! fact rema9s t ! ,enn]dale sunsets are 
n to be beat5 among ! ,lakes4 ,by ! e>ly
 morn+ light ! upp] "p ( ! valley %\ld  
be explor$1 & ! m>vell\s view enjoy$ f  
,hay/acks3 f ! 'bulky r$ bluff (        
,grasmoor' on ! "r to ! d>k recess (    
,mos$ale half se5 ^u ! left all is      
beautiful2 sep>at$ f ,crummock &        
,butt]m]e1 :i* are bo? well se51 by !   
/eep ,r$ ,pike range1 ,broadwat] ?r[s 9 
a da% ( life to relieve ! desolation (  
upp] ,enn]dale1 :ile ! ri*ly col\r$     
screes ( ,r$ ,pike sweep d[n 9 /rik+    
contra/ to ! =bidd+ fr[n ( ! ,pill>     
,fell4 ,we h se5 a f9e wat]-col\r sket* 

:i* r5d]s ?is view ) great fidelity4 ,x 
has additional int]e/ z ! "w ( ! fir/   
amateur :o ev] scal$ ! ,pill>           
,/one--,lieut4 ,wilson1 ,r4,n4  ,! sc5]y
 ( ,enn]dale1 h[ev]1 w\ld n long h      
rema9$ beautiful if ! ,enn]dale ,railway
 ,bill1 promot$ 9 #ahhc & #ahhd1 _h be5 
suff]$ to pass into law4 ,t s*eme 0     
happily defeat$1 & ! only mod]n t\*es   
add$ to ! dale h be5 ! galvanis$ wire   
rail+s rec5tly erect$ along ! sky-l9e1 &
 ! blue indicators set up on ! ,black   
,sail & ,sc>f ,gap track4               
,eskdale4--,!re are two dales ( ! "n 9  
,cumb]l&1 b ! only "o :i* is ( int]e/ to
 m\nta9e]s is rea*$ by ! little railway 
f ,rav5glass4 ,lodg+s1 l>gely us$ by    
,:itehav5 p1 are to be _h1 b ! mo/      
conv5i5t inn is ! ,woolpack1 ab\t a mile
 up ! valley f ! t]m9us ( ! l9e4 ,f no  
place c ,scafell1 ,! ,pikes1 or ,b[     
,fell be m easily explor$1 :ile !       
,coni/on range is q )9 rea*1 & !        
,wa/wat] ,screes are m accessible ?an !y
 are f ,wa/dale ,head4 ,! valley itself 

is only second to ,borr[dale1 & !re are 
gr& falls & deep pools 9 ! ,esk4 ,!re   
are also "s good rocks1 ?\gh n q equal  
to ! description ( ,hut*9son1 :o says t 
',doe ,cragg & ,e>n ,cragg are rem>kable
 precipices1 ^: fronts are poli%$ z     
m>ble1 ! "o #afj p]p5dicul> y>ds 9      
height1 ! o!r #abj y>ds4' ,bo? ( ^! w be
 se5 on ! way up to ,mickl$oor1 ! =m]   
/&+ on ! "r-h& side at ! foot ( ! /eep  
asc5t4 ,x is /range t s few climb]s ev] 
g to ?is valley4   ,esk ,pike1 a "n giv5
 by ! %eph]ds to a peak ( #b1ijc ft41   
:i* /&s at ! head ( ! ,esk valley4 ,be+ 
left nameless by ! ,ordnance six-in*    
map1 x has attract$ to itself ! ne>e/ "n
 x c\ld f9d1 & is v commonly call$      
,hang+ ,knot1 :i*1 9 /rictness1 applies 
only to ! nor? %\ld] ( ,b[ ,fell1 :]e x 
hangs ov] ,angle ,t>n4 ,x w\ld save "s  
confusion if ?is "n _h a wid] curr5cy   
?an x has4 ,at ! head ( ,eskdale !re is 
a r good gully1 :i* 0 climb$ at ! end ( 
,septemb] #ahib by ,messrs4 ,brunskill &
 ,gibbs1 ^: acc\nt ( x is t 'its        

direction is ,w4,n4,w41 & x consi/s fir/
 ( a %ort pit* ( ab\t #aj ft42 !n a     
slope ( #bj ft4 at an angle ( #fj       
deg4-#fe deg41 ! holds 9 :i* are fairly 
good2 &1 la/1 ano!r pit* at a some:at   
simil> angle1 ) an awkw>d corn] ( rock  
to r\nd4 ,above ?is to ! top is an easy 
scramble4'   ,fairfield 7#b1hfc ft471 9 
,we/morl&1 sometimes call$ ,rydal ,head 
9 old books1 /ret*es d[n to ,grasm]e &  
,ambleside2 b x is f ,patt]dale t x %\ld
 be se5 & climb$4 ,"o ( ! be/ ?+s on x  
is ,gre5h[ ,end1 :i* /&s at ! head (    
,deepdale4 ,! /eep "p1 :i* is n :olly   
crag1 is #djj or #ejj ft4 high1 & faces 
,n4,e4  ,?is is ! m\nta9 :i* ,miss      
,m>t9eau s greatly long$ to asc5d1 & e  
"o kn[s ,mr4 ,payn's acc\nt ( h[ he     
encamp$ ^u x4  ,!re is ano!r ,fairfield 
9 ! ,coni/on ,fells4   ,falcon ,crag1 a 
c\ple ( miles f ,keswick1 beside ! road 
to ,borr[dale1 is n m ?an #aej or #bjj  
ft4 high1 b at _m po9ts s v]tical z to  
be q unclimbable4 ,! /eepe/ side is also
 ! mo/ expos$ to ! public gaze4 ,on !   

s\? side !re is a deep gully 9 :i*      
excell5t scrambl+ is to be _h4          
,fellpole is a mu* bett] ^w ?an its     
=eign equival5t1 'alp5/ock'4 ,except 9 !
 dep? ( w9t] on ! highe/ fells x is (   
mu* m use ?an an axe1 :i* is1 ( c\rse1  
indisp5sable :5 !re is mu* sn[ or ice4  
,on difficult rocks ei!r axe or pole is 
a great incumbrance2 b :]e !re is mu*   
scree1 or /eep grass1 or brok5 gr\nd1   
all ?ree ( :i* ab\nd on ! ,fells1 a pole
 is a v great com=t on ! desc5t4 ,(     
c\rse1 :ile be+ us$ = ?is purpose1 x mu/
 be kept beh9d ! body4 ,on ! /eep nose (
 ,fleet) a fatal accid5t occurr$ to a "y
 woman solely 9 consequ5ce ( h] attempt+
 to desc5d ) h] /ick held improp]ly 9   
front ( h]4 ,?is is a fault :i* ne>ly   
all beg9n]s commit4 ,nev]!less1 x is    
p]fectly legitimate to use ! pole 9 t   
way if x is to break ! =ce ( an abrupt  
drop f re/ to re/--z1 = in/ance1 :5 a   
slope is brok5 into b9ks sep>at$ by     
drops ( f ?ree to six feet4 ,9 su* cases
 a jump is (t5 dang]\s1 & ! life ( ,mr4 

,pope1 lo/ on ,great ,gable 9 #ahhb1 is 
only "o ( _m :i* h be5 simil>ly         
sacrific$4   ,=ce ,crag is rea*$ f      
,keswick by way ( ,brai?waite /ation & !
 long ,col$ale valley4 ,"h ! track ( !  
disus$ m9+ tram is a well-eng9e]$ road  
direct to ! foot ( ! crag1 :]e !        
fragm5ts ( ! b>yta m9e are litt]$ ab\t4 
,! be/ climb is up to ! bas91 into :i*  
p\rs ! =ce1 & !n1 leav+ ! =ce on ! "r1  
asc5d a /eep1 dry gully4 ,! rock is v   
trea*]\s1 be+ n only loose1 b cov]$ )   
long fr+es ( rott5 hea!r4 ,x is v       
difficult to get out1 z ! top "p /eep5s 
rapidly4 ,! =ce is v fatal to %eep4 ,on 
"o occasion ! writ] c\nt$ no less ?an   
six ( _! c>casses 9 ! bas94             
,froswick4--,x is mo/ easily rea*$ f    
,/aveley or ,w9d]m]e by foll[+ up !     
valley ( ! ,k5t1 or f ,ambleside by     
cross+ ! ,g>b\rn ,pass into ! same      
valley4 ,?is hill resembles ,ill ,bell &
 ,ra9sborr[ ,crag 9 "*1 & has a v /eep  
face t[>ds ! nor?-ea/1 #cjj or #djj ft4 
high4 ,x is on %eet #bj ( ! ,ordnance   

map ( ,we/morl&4   ,gap+ ,gill ,hole1 9 
,york%ire1 on ! s\? side ( ,+lebor\gh1  
is mo/ easily got at f ,clapham1 on !   
,midl& ,railway4 ,x lies high] up ?an ! 
well-kn[n ,clapham or ,+lebor\gh ,cave1 
& bo? %\ld be visit$ 9 ! same exp$ition4
 ,! actual funnel is ab\t #h ft4 by #bj 
ft41 & ,mr4 ,birkbeck1 ( ,settle1 p>tly 
desc5d$ x _m ye>s ago4 ,!re is a l$ge ( 
rock ab\t #aij ft4 d[n1 f :i* a         
plumb-l9e drops a fur!r di/ance ( #aff  
ft4 ,/rang]s (t5 pass close to ! place  
)\t f9d+ x4   ,ga% ,rock4--,we are      
indebt$ to ,colonel ,b>r[ = ?is "n1 :i* 
he be/[$ on ,blea ,crag 9 ,lang/ra?     
app>5tly = no bett] reason ?an t he knew
 a man call$ ,ga%1 :o did n "k ! "n ( ! 
rock1 or h[ to climb x4  ,?is rock is ! 
'spy =talice' spok5 ( 9 ,prior's ,guide4
 ,x is an up/&+ block ( squ>i% outl9e1  
conspicu\s on ! left h& z "o asc5ds     
,lang/ra? f ,borr[dale4 ,x is climb$ f !
 side :i* faces d[n ! valley1 & is r a  
/iff little rock ( its in*es4  ,x 0     
climb$ by ,mr4 ,ow5 ,jones & ,mr4       

,rob9son on ,septemb] #f1 #ahic1 b !re  
is "s d\bt :e!r x _h n be5 done be=e    
7see ,blea ,crag74   ,gavel--app>5tly ! 
local =m 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ( ! ,s\!rn  
',gable4' ,9 ! old] maps ',great ,gable'
 is usually spelt 9 ?is way1 & = "p ( t 
m\nta9 ! "n ,gavel ,neese 7i4e4 nose7   
/ill l+]s among ! %eph]ds4 ,g5]ally     
speak+1 9 ! less frequ5t$ p>ts1 :]e !   
names are us$ only by ! %eph]ds1 we f9d 
?is =m4 ,?us we h ,gavel ,fell betwe5   
,l[eswat] & ,enn]dale1 ,gavel-pike on   
,/4 ,sunday ,crag1 ,gavelcrag on ! s\?  
end ( ,high ,/reet1 & aga9 on ,seat     
,s&al1 & ?is =m is us$ 9 ! ,l[l&s (     
,scotl&1 :ile on ! m frequ5t$ ,skiddaw  
we get ,gablegill4 ,9 ,icel&ic1 'gafl'  
is said to mean '! end ( a h\se or ( a  
%ip4'   ,gill 7or ,ghyll74--,9 a l>ge "p
 ( ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ?is is ! regul> ^w =
 a /ream fl[+ betwe5 walls ( rock4 ,x is
 by _m reg>d$ z a te/-^w = ,sc&9avian   
settlem5ts1 & x is c]ta9ly m abundant 9 
su* di/ricts1 b notice %\ld be tak5 ( ! 
fact t 9 ,k5t x is appli$ to ! /eep     

wood$ slopes ( a brook-valley4 ,!re is  
good au?ority = bo? spell+s1 b ! less   
romantic ( ! two is to be pref]r$4      
,gimm] ,crag1 j beh9d ! inns at ,dungeon
 ,gill 9 ,langdale1 has good scrambl+ on
 x4 ,mr4 ,gwynne says ( x3 ',betwe5     
,h>rison ,/ickle & ! ,pike ,o' ,/ickle1 
commonly call$ ! ,sug>loaf1 !re is a    
spl5did crag t is full ( opportunities4 
,?is f9e piece ( rock1 al?\gh x has !   
appe>ance ( be+ easy1 has ! disadvantage
 ( be+ wet1 & !re=e m or less dang]\s4  
,h[ev]1 !re are times ev5 9 ! ,lake     
,di/rict :5 ! ra9 ceases & ! sun %9es1 &
 x is !n t ! climb] %\ld gambol ^u ?is  
crag4'   ,gl>am>a--a long brok5 hill    
/ret*+ f ,/one?waite along ! ea/ side ( 
,borr[dale to ,esk ,hause4 ,its "n is   
only less disguis$ ?an its nature 9 !   
description giv5 ( x 9 ! ',beauties (   
,engl&1' p4 #fe3 ',glam>>a is a         
p]p5dicul> rock ( imm5se height4' ,sir  
,w4 ,scott has confus$ x ) ,bl5ca?ra4 ,x
 conta9s v little climb+1 b ,combe ,gill
 & ,p9nacle ,bield may be m5tion$4      

,gordale ,sc>--a magnific5t lime/one    
rav9e ne> ,malham ,cove1 9 ,york%ire1 on
 ! l9e ( ! great ,crav5 ,fault4 ,bell   
,busk is ! ne>e/ /ation1 b ,settle 7#f  
miles7 is g5]ally m conv5i5t4 ,x has be5
 prosaically comp>$ to a w9d+ /reet     
betwe5 enorm\sly high h\ses1 ) a riv]   
fall+ out ( ! fir/-floor w9d[ ( "o ( !m4
 ,x is easy to pass out at ! head1 leav+
 ! wat] on ! "r h&2 b on ! o!r side ( ! 
wat] !re is q a little climb1 :i*1      
h[ev]1 ! writ] has se5 a lady d )\t     
assi/ance4   ,goyal4--,?is we/-c\ntry ^w
 = a gully w n require explanation =    
read]s ( ,mr4 ,blackmore's ',lorna      
,doone4'   ,gra93 ! nor!rn ^w = a prong1
 & h5ce ! usual "n = ! bran*es ( a      
/ream4   ,grassmoor 7#b1gia ft47 9 !    
old] maps & guide-books 7su* z          
,rob9son's7 is (t5 call$ ,grasm]e or    
,grasmire4 ,! only climbs :i* x pres5ts 
are on ! side :i* drops /eeply d[n t[>ds
 ! foot ( ,crummock ,wat]1 & ! only inns
 )9 a conv5i5t di/ance are at ,scale    
,hill 7#a mile7 & ,butt]m]e 7#c miles74 

,!re are two gullies :i* furr[ ! m\nta9 
side ne>ly f top to bottom4 ,! m s\!rly 
( ^! has two pit*es 9 x close to ! foot1
 & ! upp] ( ! two is g5]ally ?\ght z h>d
 z any?+ on ! m\nta94 ,! approv$ me?od (
 do+ x is to keep ! back to ! rock until
 ! top ( ! pit* is ne>ly rea*$1 & !n to 
break out on ! s\? side4 ,above ?is pit*
 ! gully is ( little int]e/4 ,! nor?    
gully is ( m su/a9$ m]it1 b1 z se5 f    
bel[1 less prom95t1 & !re=e easily      
ov]look$4 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be recognis$ by
 its lib]al output ( scree4 ,x has ?ree 
pit*es ne> ! foot1 & 9 all ?ree ! hold  
is some:at scanty4 ,! fir/ =ms a n>r[   
gully ris+ f left to "r1 & is ! highe/ &
 h>de/4 ,high] up ?an ^! a broad wall ( 
rock "s #dj ft4 high cuts across ! gully
 & gives a pretty climb4 ,above ! wall  
!re is a bran* to ! left conta9+ "o     
little pit*1 b ! ma9 *annel cont9ues4   
,loose /ones are n[ ! only s\rce (      
excitem5t1 & climb]s are recomm5d$ to   
get out to ! "r & f9i% ! asc5t along !  
rocky ridge ( ! bank4 ,x is v safe      

climb+ on ?is face1 yet full ( int]e/ & 
in/ruction1 & = ! initiation ( a '"y h&'
 no?+ c\ld be bett]4   ,great ,end      
7#b1ihd ft47 has n receiv$ ju/ice at !  
h&s ( ! ,gov]nm5t map-mak]s1 :o h scamp$
 _! "w mo/ %ock+ly4 ,! six-in* map w\ld 
lead ! innoc5t1 /rang] to imag9e t he   
c\ld asc5d f ,spr9kl+ ,t>n by a smoo? & 
gradual slope4 ,! cliffs are on ! "r-h& 
side on ! way f ,/y ,head to ,esk       
,hause1 & are rea*$ f ,wa/dale or       
,borr[dale by way ( ,/y ,head1 & f      
,langdale by ,rossett ,gill4 ,! be/     
g5]al view is f ,spr9kl+ ,t>n4 ,col4    
,b>r[1 :5 cit+ ,great ,end 9 8 book z an
 in/ance ( a m\nta9 ) "o impossible     
side1 no d\bt ref]s to ^! cliffs1 :i*1  
h[ev]1 long be=e he wrote1 _h be5 climb$
 9 e direction4 ,he might reasonably    
object to ,cu/'s ,gully1 inv5t$ 9 #ahhj1
 z be+ q at ! end ( ! cliff2 b f a po9t 
"s way bel[ ! foot ( t gully !re is an  
easy passage1 slop+ up ! face ( ! cliff 
v mu* l ,jack's ,rake on ,pavey ,ark1 & 
?is passage 0 desc5d$ by ,mr4 ,cu/ 9 !  

same ye> t he discov]$ ! gully4 ,a      
little lat] a c\ple ( ard5t fox-hunt]s  
got into difficulties 9 "o ( ! ma9      
gullies1 & s drew m att5tion to ^!      
rocks4 ,! :ole face 0 pretty ?or\ghly   
explor$ by ! pres5t writ] 9 ! summ] (   
#ahhb4 ,two v f9e gullies face ,spr9kl+ 
,t>n4 ,great or ,c5tral ,gully1 ! ne>] (
 ! two to ,cu/'s1 is also ! wid]1 b n q 
s long z ! o!r4 ,x has a copi\s scree at
 ! foot1 & m ?an half-way up x divides  
into ?ree4 ,! c5tral =k is grassy1 t to 
! "r is m abrupt1 :ile ! left-h& way    
lies = sev]al y>ds up a wet slide (     
smoo? & v /eep rock4 ,on ! slide itself 
!re is hold en\gh = com=t2 b on gett+ (f
 x at ! head to ! left h& !re comes a   
bit on a disgu/+ly rott5 buttress :i*   
ev5 good climb]s h (t5 f\nd v           
unpleasant4 ,above ?is ! gully is m op5 
& v easy1 b spl5did climb+ may be _h on 
ei!r side ( x4  ,illu/ration3 ,,great   
,,end ,,f ,,spr9kl+ ,,t>n ,a1 ,position 
( ,brigg's climb 7n se572 ,b1 ,! ea/    
gully2 ,c1 ,! great c5tral gully2 ,d1   

,cu/'s gully4  ,! ,s\?-,ea/ ,gully1 z x 
is usually call$1 has its m\? only "s   
#bj y>ds ea/ f t ( ! la/4 ,be+ mu*      
n>r[]1 x is bridg$ by num]\s            
'*oke-/ones1' &1 :ile less f9e ?an ! o!r
 9 sn[ "t1 (f]s 9 summ] a bett] & r     
long] climb4 ,half-way up or less !re is
 a =k1 ! divid+ ridge =m+ q a %>p arete4
 ,above x ! =ks coalesce1 & z x ne>s !  
top ! climb c be v>i$ a good deal4      
,brigg's 7or ,holmes'7 ,pit*1 ( :i* a   
photograph w be f\nd 9 ! ,climb]s' ,book
 at ,wa/dale ,head1 is /ill ne>] to ,esk
 ,hause1 :i* x faces4 ,mr4 ,holmes & !  
,messrs4 ,brigg1 :o climb$ x on ,ea/]   
,monday #ahic1 describe ! difficulty z  
consi/+ 9 a cave =m$ q at ! foot ( !    
cliff by a jamm$ /one1 ! top ( :i* is   
rea*$ by way ( ! rocks on ! nor? side ( 
x4   ,great ,gable 7#b1idi ft47 may be  
asc5d$ ) equal ease f ,wa/dale or ! head
 ( ,borr[dale1 & is )9 easy rea* (      
,butt]m]e4 ,! simple/ way up is by ,/y  
,head1 f :i* half an h\r's r\gh walk+   
l&s "o on to ! top4 ,! only alt]native =

 ,wa/dale is ',moses ,sl$gate1' alias   
,gavel ,neese1 a ridge ( r /eep grass1  
:i* (f]s a v direct way4 ,!re is a bit (
 scrambl+ on ,:ite ,napes1 a rocky mass 
:i* tops ! ,neese4 ,beyond ?is          
,we/morl&'s ,cairn is left on ! "r h& & 
! summit cairn comes into sight4 ,p com+
 f ,butt]m]e usually g r\nd ! head (    
,enn]dale ov] ,gre5 ,gable1 & ?is is !  
way g5]ally tak5 by ,borr[dale visitors 
= ! return j\rney4 ,! climb+ on ?is     
m\nta9 is q fir/-class4 ,! ,napes1      
,napes ,ne$le1 & ,k]n ,knotts are       
sep>ately describ$1 b 9 addition to ^!  
!re are gr& crags ov]look+ ,enn]dale4   
,^! are ref]r$ to 9 ,col4 ,b>r['s book 9
 ! passage :]e he defies ! ,alp9e ,club 
to asc5d ! mo/ difficult side ( c]ta9   
,lake m\nta9s4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plan ,,(
 ,,great ,,gable ,a1 ,we/morl&'s ,cairn2
 ,b1 ,:ite ,napes2 ,c1 ,e1 ,little &    
,great ,hell ,gate2 ,d1 ,great ,napes2  
,f1 ,napes ,ne$le4  ,illu/ration3       
,,great ,,gable ,,f ,,! ,,s\?-,,ea/ ,a1 
,kirkfell2 ,b1 ,beckhead2 ,c1 ,:ite     

,napes2 ,d1 ,great ,napes2 ,e1          
,we/morl&'s ,cairn2 ,f1 ,summit2 ,g1    
,tom ,blue2 ,h1 ,k]n ,knotts4 ,! pa? to 
,/y ,head is se5 m\nt+ f left to "r4    
,no "o seems ev5 to h look$ at ^! crags 
till 9 #ahhb ,mr4 ,pope met 8 dea? on   
?is side ( ! m\nta94 ,9 t ye> ! writ]   
f\nd t x 0 an easy matt] to coa/ along !
 face ( ! cliff at ab\t two-?irds ( !   
height ( x1 & a ye> or two lat] t = all 
! f]oci\s appe>ance ( ^! rocks !re is a 
natural passage by :i* a m\nta9 %eep (  
ord9>y p[]s might asc5d !m4 ,close to   
?is are ! rema9s ( a sort ( hut ( loose 
/ones1 evid5tly ! refuge ( "s desp]ate  
fugitive ( half a c5tury or m ago4      
,local tradition speaks ( a notori\s    
di/ill] ( illicit :isky1 :o 0 kn[n to h 
a 'hide' some:]e 9 ?is wild             
neighb\rhood4 ,! top ( ! easy passage   
be>s by prismatic compass #bc deg4 f !  
highe/ cairn1 & is m>k$ by a l>ge /one4 
,to ! ea/ ( ?is spot !re is f9e climb+1 
! rocks be+ on a gr& scale & difficult  
on t acc\nt4 ,at int]vals l>ge masses   

are deta*$ by su* ag5cies z fro/1 &     
heavy falls result4 ,"o ( ^! c>ri$ ) x a
 slab p9nacle :i*1 ?\gh only ab\t #ae   
ft4 high1 0 rem>kably difficult4 ,!     
writ]1 & ,messrs4 ,ha/+s & ,rob9son gave
 !mselves ! tr\ble ( climb+ x1 &        
consequ5tly he>d ( its untimely dep>ture
 ) deep regret4  ,9 ,april #ahij ,mr4   
,j4,w4 ,rob9son greatly assi/$ subsequ5t
 climb]s by ins]t+ a sket* 9 ! ,wa/dale 
,head book1 & ?is sket* has be5 ! usual 
basis ( lat] "w4  ,gable has ! ?reefold 
excell5ce ( be+ spl5did to look at1     
spl5did to look f1 & spl5did to climb2 &
 "o c easily und]/& ! en?usiasm ( ,mr4  
,f4,h4 ,b[r+1 :o has asc5d$ x ov] "o    
hundr$ times4   ,gre5 ,crag4--,a good   
piece ( rock1 ?\gh n z s\nd z x might   
be1 at ! head ( ,w>nscale1 ! recess     
betwe5 ,fleet) & ,sc>f ,gap4 ,x is rea*$
 f ,butt]m]e by way ( ,gatesg>?1 & !n by
 ! qu>ry track :i* goes up on ! s\? side
 ( ,fleet) to ,dubs4 ,!re is a f9e gully
 9 ! crag :i* is unmi/akable4 ,a note ( 
! asc5t ( x 0 made by ,messrs4 ,j4,w4   

,rob9son & ,w4,a4 ,wilson 9 ,augu/      
#ahhi4   ,griff--a valley-"n 9 ea/      
,york%ire1 probably connect$ ) 'greave1'
 :i* is common 9 ,d]by%ire4 ,phillips   
says t ! ,york%ire ^w means 'a n>r[1    
rugg$ valley4'   ,gurn>d's ,head1 9     
,cornwall1 n f> f ,/4 ,ives1 is a f9e   
promontory on :i* !re is good climb+4 ,x
 is "h t ! gre5/one ends & ! granite    
beg9s1 prevail+ f ?is po9t practically  
"r on to ! ,l&'s ,end4   ,hang+         
,knot4--,see also ,esk ,pike4 ,! /eep   
brea/ above ,angle ,t>n conta9s no      
cont9u\s climb1 b !re are sev]al good   
bits 9 ! rocks & gullies :i* connect !  
t]races4   ,h>d ,knot4--',eske1' says   
,camd51 'spr+e? up at ! foote (         
,h>dknot1 an high /eepe m\nta9e1 9 ! top
 :]e( 7 discov]$ ( late huge /ones &    
f\ndations ( a ca/le n )\t great wond]1 
consid]+ x is s /eepe & upright t "o c  
h>dly asc5d up to x4'  ,?is ref]s (     
c\rse to ! ,roman camp1 :i* is n[h]e ne>
 ! top4 ,! 'm\nta9e' sc>cely des]ves !  
"n2 x is n high1 & ?\gh rugg$ (f]s no   

climb+4 ,writ]s mu* lat] ?an ,camd5 ref]
 to x z if x 7 "o ( ! highe/ hills 9    
,engl&4 ,ev5 ,gray1 9 8 ,j\rnal1 says   
',wrynose & ,h>dknot1 two great m\nta9s1
 rise above ! re/4'  ,illu/ration3      
,,hang+ ,,knot ,,f ,,angle ,,t>n  ,!    
usually accurate ,we/ introduces 9 !    
funnie/ way bo? '! brok5 ridge (        
,wrynose' & '! ov]hang+ cliff (         
,h>dknot' into 8 description ( ! view f 
,belle ,isle on ,w9d]m]e1 & says t !y1 )
 o!rs1'=m z magnific5t an amphi!atre1 & 
z gr& an assemblage ( m\nta9s1 z ev] !  
g5ius ( ,p\ss91' c42 & !n adds a note to
 say t !y 'are nam$ z be+ 9 ! environs1 
& are 9 reality n se5 f ! isl&4'        
,h>rison ,/ickle1 '! next neighb\r (    
,pavey ,ark1 is ano!r happy hunt+-gr\nd 
= beg9n]s4 ,!re are at lea/ f\r good    
r\tes up4 ,!re is "o to ! nor?-ea/ :i*  
is fairly difficult4 ,due s\? !re are   
two or ?ree r /eep gills1 t may be      
climb$ ) a c]ta9 am\nt ( ease4 ,b 9 no  
case %\ld ! climb]1 ev5 on ! easie/ ( ^!
 r\tes1 omit to use ! rope & take e     

precaution aga9/ prev5table accid5ts4'  
,?us speaks ,mr4 ,gwynne 9 ! ,pall ,mall
 ,gazette1 & to 8 rem>ks little ne$ be  
add$1 except t x mu/ be borne 9 m9d no?+
 on ?is gr\p is q 9 ! same class z      
,pavey ,ark4 ,! obvi\s />t+-po9t = ei!r 
is ,dungeon ,gill at ! v foot1 :]e !re  
are two inns1 b ,grasm]e is )9 easy     
rea*1 be+ only ab\t an h\r fur!r (f4    
,hause 7hass1 horse1 -ourse1 -ose73 us$ 
9 ! ,nor? = a pass4 ,! ^w means 'neck'  
or '?roat1' ! latt] be+ ! s5se mo/ felt 
9 local names1 :]e x ref]s m to lat]al  
contraction ?an to v]tical depression1  
be+ ?us p>allel to gorge r ?an to col4  
,hay/acks1 j ea/ ( ,sc>f ,gap1 has "o   
craggy bit on x :]e1 z appe>s f ! curi\s
 map publi%$ 9 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e = 
#agea1 eagles !n built4 ,! "n is (t5    
quot$ z an in/ance ( ! ,norse ^w :i*    
occurs 9 ,/ack ,polly1 & frequ5tly on ! 
,scot* coa/1 b ,we/ says x 0 call$      
,hayrick 7sic7 on acc\nt ( its %ape4    
,hell ,gate4--,a *annel on ,great       
,gable1 j by ! ea/ end ( ! ,napes4 ,x is

 ! outlet = imm5se quantities ( scree4  
,! old] "n1 ,deep ,gill1 has dur+ ! la/ 
tw5ty ye>s be+ q supplant$4 ,! pres5t   
"n1 if less pretty1 is m precise1 &     
saves confusion ) ! bett] kn[n ,deep    
,gill on ,scafell4   ,hell ,gill4--,!re 
are _m gills & becks be>+ ?is "n4       
,speak+ ( "o 9 ,york%ire1 ,lel& says x  
is 'a ,bek call$ ,hell ,gill because x  
runni! 9 su* a deadely place4 ,?is ,gill
 commi! to ,ure4' ,! idea is amplifi$ by
 ,camd53 ',:]e ,ri*mond%ire bord]e? ^u  
,lanca%ire among/ ! m\nta9es x is 9 mo/ 
places s va/1 solit>y1 unpleasant &     
unsightly1 s mute & /ill also t !       
bord]]s dwell+ !reby h call$ c]ta9e     
riv]ets creep+ ?is waie ,hellbecks4 ,b  
especially t ab\t ! head ( ! riv] ,ure1 
:i* hav+ a bridge ov] x ( "o enti] /one 
falle? d[ne su* a dep?1 t x /rike? 9 a  
c]ta9e horror to z _m z looke d[ne4' ,! 
be/ kn[n ,hell ,gill1 :i* at "o "t _h   
consid]able reputation z a climb1 is q  
ne> ! foot ( ,b[fell on ! ,langdale     
side4 ,?\gh on a small scale1 x is      

highly picturesque4 ,! s\? =k is h>dly  
passable 9 ord9>y wea!r ow+ to a small  
wat]fall1 bel[ :i* is a deep pool flank$
 by p]p5dicul> walls ( rock1 & except 9 
v dry seasons x is necess>y to crawl up 
! r$ rott5 slabs1 /eep1 slimy1 & wet1   
:i* =m ! nor? =k4 ,! gill %\ld be visit$
 m (t5 ?an x is1 z x is directly on "o (
 ! be/ ways up ! m\nta9 f ,dungeon ,gill
 & ,langdale g5]ally4   ,helm           
,crag4--,colonel ,b>r[1 speak+ ( ?is    
hill1 obs]ves t climb+ among ^! rocks   
requires c>e4 ,!re are places q z       
dang]\s & z difficult z on any rock-"w  
on ! ,alps4 ,he 0 det]r$ f climb+ ! rock
 :i* is suppos$ to resemble a mort>1 by 
a slab ( rock slant+ sideways1 b 9 8    
op9ion !re 0 no great difficulty1 except
 t aris+ f ! abs5ce ( hold = h& &       
foot--an exception ( "s importance4     
,helvellyn4--,a m\nta9 :i* belongs      
equally to ,grasm]e & to ,patt]dale1    
?\gh ! latt] has by f> ! f9e/ side ( x4 
,/rid+ ,edge on ?is side 0 at "o "t     
consid]$ to pres5t t]rors su* z ! h>dy  

m\nta9e] 0 n likely to enc\nt] else:]e4 
,?is side is cut up into deep coves1 :i*
 are exce$+ly /eep & af=d _m            
opportunities = scrambl+1 & ne> ! pa? 9 
,gris$ale !re is "o ( ! num]\s ,eagle   
,crags4  ,on ! we/ side !re is no climb+
 on ! m\nta9 itself1 b on ! range (     
,dodds1 :i* runs away to ! nor?1 !re is 
capital "w to be f\nd2 see ,bram ,crag &
 ,wan?waite ,crags4 ,x 0 9 connection ) 
,helvellyn t ,colonel ,b>r[ issu$ 8     
fam\s *all5ge to ! ,alp9e ,club4 ,aft]  
/at+ t he _h asc5d$ ! m\nta9 by e       
possible way ( gett+ up x1 & t x is !   
easie/ ( m\nta9s to asc5d f any         
direction t is possible1 he cont9ues3   
',no "o1 ,i ?9k1 w v5ture ! impossible1 
:i* may be f\nd on all ! highe/ m\nta9s 
9 ! ,lake ,di/rict4 ,!y h _! precipit\s 
sides = adv5tur\s climb]s1 :o1 ,i       
promise1 w nev] get up !m ev5 if !y h a 
m9d to try--viz41 ^!1 ,great ,gable1    
,great ,end1 ,helvellyn1 ,fairfield1 c4 
,mo/ ( ! difficult ?+s 9 ! ,alps h be5  
accompli%$4 ,"h is a new field = any ( !

 adv5tur\s climb]s ( our club3 let !m   
try ^! precipit\s sides6' ,helvellyn 0  
long reg>d$ z ! l(tie/ ( ! ,lake        
m\nta9s1 ! height assign$ to x by ,we/  
be+ #c1cbd ft41 & ev5 its tame grassy   
slopes t[>ds ,wy?burn 7 ?\ght v t]rible 
inde$4 ,9 ! ',beauties ( ,engl&'        
,?irlm]e is describ$ z 'a sc5e (        
desolation :i* is mu* height5$ by !     
appe>ance ( ! imm5se craggy masses1 t   
seem to hang on ! sides ( ,helvellyn1 f 
^: slopes !y h app>5tly be5 sev]$1 b    
arre/$ 9 _! trem5d\s progress d[n !     
m\nta9 by ! impulse ( gravitation4 ,huge
 & innum]able fragm5ts ( rocks hang     
p5dant f its sides1 & appe> ready to    
fall & ov]:elm ! curi\s travell] :o d>es
 to asc5d its wild & fanta/ic heights4' 
,h]on ,crag1 ,eskdale4--,a rock 9       
,eskdale 7q4v47 :i* 0 long reput$       
inaccessible4 ,x 0 suppos$ to be #abj   
y>ds high1 & to h a front l poli%$      
m>ble4 ,x w be f\nd nor? ( ! ,esk riv]1 
n f> f ,?ro/leg>? 7,cumb]l&1 %eet #gi74 
,high ,level4--,?is "n 0 be/[$ ab\t !   

ye> #ahhj on a p>ticul> r\te1 by means (
 :i* ! nor?-ea/ foot ( ! ,pill> ,rock   
may be rea*$ f ,black ,sail along ! face
 ( ! m\nta91 ?us avoid+ ! desc5t into   
,enn]dale & ! subsequ5t labori\s asc5t  
to ! rock4 ,! sav+ 9 "t is v            
consid]able1 b ! way is s easily miss$ 9
 ?ick wea!r t a /rang] :o attempt$ x    
w\ld probably ga9 no?+ b an excit+ walk4
  ,aft] rea*+ ! slight holl[ betwe5     
,look+/ead & ,pill> ,fell1 ,gre5 ,cove  
is se5 bel[4 ,"h a desc5t may be made at
 once1 b x is bett] to proce$ we/w>d    
till ab\t two doz5 uprights ( ! iron    
rail+ are pass$1 & !n to desc5d1 keep+ z
 mu* to ! left z ! cliffs w all[4 ,!    
:ole art ( *oos+ a l9e along ?is face is
 to cross ea* successive cove z high up 
z may be done )\t gett+ imp$$ by rocky  
gr\nd4 ,! ridges :i* sep>ate ! coves    
mo/ly =m small headl&s1 & j above ea*   
headl& a /rip ( smoo? grass crosses !   
ridge4 ,economy 9 "t is usually ( m     
importance at ! end ?an at ! beg9n+ ( a 
day1 & x is well to "k t1 :]eas f ! foot

 ( ! rock to ,black ,sail by way ( !    
valley w\ld take up ! great] "p ( an    
h\r1 ,mr4 ,ha/+s & ! writ] once tim$    
!mselves on ! ,high ,level1 & f\nd t !y 
rea*$ ,look+/ead 9 #ah m9utes & ! =d 9  
,mos$ale 9 sev5 m9utes m4   ,high ,/ile1
 9 ,cumb]l&1 betwe5 ,enn]dale &         
,butt]m]e1 has a height ( #b1fdc ft41 & 
on its nor?-we/ side a few good crags4  
,x is be/ rea*$ by foll[+ up ! c\rse (  
,s\r ,milk ,gill f ! foot ( ,butt]m]e to
 ,bleab]ry ,t>n1 :i* c be rea*$ f any ( 
! inns 9 an h\r's walk+4 ,9 a note made 
9 ! ,wa/dale ,head book 9 ,augu/ #ahhg1 
,mr4 ,rob9son call$ att5tion to ^!      
rocks1 & he x is :o has done mo/ ( !    
exploration "h4  ,! pr9cipal climb+ is 9
 & ab\t a gully 9 ! c5tre4 ,a c\rse may 
be tak5 up v /eep grassy b9ks ) ! gully 
on ! "r h&4 ,! gully itself 0 climb$    
direct 9 ,septemb] #ahic by ,messrs4    
,jones1 ,rob9son & ,wilson1 & !y f\nd ! 
second pit* v difficult4 ,! same p>ty   
also asc5d$ 'a %ort1 black-look+ *imney 
away r\nd on ! left ( ! great crag1 &   

ne>] ! top ( ! m\nta94' ,! v h>d upp]   
pit* 0 pass$ on ! "r h&1 & ! f9al pull 0
 by ! arms alone4 ,bo? climbs are 9 full
 view f ,rigg's ,butt]m]e ,hotel4  ,!   
m\nta9 is call$ ,high ,/eel 9 "s e>ly   
maps1 & 9 t ( ! ,ordnance x comes on    
%eet #fi4   ,high ,/reet1 ) ! ,roman    
road runn+ all along its ridge1 lies    
betwe5 ,patt]dale & ,m>dale ,gre51 9    
,we/morl&4 ,x has a f9e precipit\s side 
t[>ds ! latt] place at ,blea ,wat] 7see 
,dixon's ,?ree ,jumps71 & at ! s\? end (
 x1 ab\t ,gavel ,crag & ,blea?waite     
,crag1 !re are "s good rocky faces1 :i* 
c be readily f\nd by foll[+ up ! c\rse (
 ! beck f ,k5tm]e4   ,hobc>ton ,crags h 
a consid]able repute1 :i* !y h only     
reta9$ by reason ( _! n be+ v easily got
 at4 ,! simple/ way ( rea*+ !m f        
,keswick is to take ! tra9 to           
,brai?waite1 !n g up ! /raight ,col$ale 
until ,=ce ,crag is pass$1 !n trace !   
/ream :i* comes d[n ! hill on ! "r4     
,hobc>ton is j ov] ! ridge1 & ! crags   
are on ! left-h& side ( ! valley4 ,a    

desc5t may be made ( a ridge :i* =ms !  
"r bank ( a gill1 :i* runs f ne> ! col  
:]e y are n[ /&+2 ! gill itself is too  
rott54  ,! ,crags are v /eep & v rott52 
b !re is "o curiosity ab\t !m1 9 ! %ape 
( a cont9u\s slop+ l$ge1 gr[+ v n>r[    
inde$ t[>ds ! top4 ,x rises gradually 9 
! direction ( ,hopegillhead4 ,! crags   
are picturesque1 b c be trav]s$ 9 any   
direction )\t difficulty1 & pres5t no   
def9ite climb4 ,ano!r way ( rea*+ !m f  
,keswick is by cross+ ,:9latt] ,pass1 & 
on ! f> side turn+ up ! fir/ valley to !
 left h&4   ,honi/]1 "o ( ! gr&e/ crags 
9 ,cumb]l&1 is rea*$ f ei!r ,butt]m]e or
 ,borr[dale4 ,x is "o ( ! *ief          
attractions ( ! ',butt]m]e ,r\nd' made  
by ! breaks f ,keswick4 ,if qu>rym5 c\ld
 only h be5 p]suad$ to let x alone1 x   
w\ld h be5 a delightful climb+ gr\nd2 z 
?+s are1 we c only look & long4 ,ap>t f 
! great crag !re is a f9e view ( ! lakes
 bel[ f ! summit 7call$ ,fleet) ,pike74 
,ow+ to its position ne> ! black-lead   
m9es1 ?is 0 "o ( ! e>lie/ ,lake m\nta9s 

( :i* we h a record$ asc5t4 ,x 0 made   
be=e ! middle ( la/ c5tury1 &1 s f> z c 
be made out1 ^! e>ly m\nta9e]s asc5d$ f 
,sea?waite & pass$ to ! nor?w>d ( ,grey 
,knotts1 & s to ! top ( ,fleet)4 ',!    
precipices 7 surpris+ly v>iegat$ )      
apices1 prom95cies1 sp\t+ jets ( wat]1  
cat>acts & riv]s t 7 precipitat$ f !    
cliffs ) an al>m+ noise' ,s\rmilkgill4  
,on rea*+ ! app>5t top1 !y 7 a/oni%$ to 
p]ceive a l>ge pla9 to ! we/1 & f !nce  
ano!r craggy asc5t1 :i* !y reckon$ at   
#ejj y>ds4 ',! :ole m\nta9 is call$     
,unni/]re or1 z ,i suppose1 ,f9i/]re1 = 
su* x appe>s to be4' ,9 ab\t ano!r h\r  
two ( ! p>ty ga9$ ?is summit--'! sc5e 0 
t]rify+--! horrid projection ( va/      
promontories1 ! vic9ity ( ! cl\ds1 !    
?und] ( ! explosions 9 ! slate qu>ries1 
! dreadful solitude1 ! di/ance ( ! pla9 
bel[1 & ! m\nta9s heap$ on m\nta9s t 7  
ly+ ar\nd u desolate & wa/e1 l ! ru9s ( 
a _w :i* we only _h surviv$ excit$ su*  
ideas ( horror z are n to be express$4  
,we turn$ f ?is fe>ful prospect1 afraid 

ev5 ( ourselves1 & bidd+ an ev]la/+     
f>ewell to s p]il\s an elevation4 ,we   
desc5d$ to our companions1 repass$ !    
m9es1 got to ,sea?wayte1 7 *e]fully     
regal$ by an hone/ f>m] 9 8 puris       
naturalibus1 & return$ to ,keswic ab\t  
n9e at night4'   ,hope 7-hop1 -up73 us$ 
by ,lel& z equival5t to 'brook1' b      
usually tak5 to mean a retir$ upl&      
valley4 ,! ,icel&ic 'hop' is appli$ to  
l&lock$ bays4   ,h\gh--a hill "n 9 ea/  
,york%ire4 ,phillips says t x is        
equival5t to 'b>f1' & means 'a deta*$   
hill4' ,x is pron\nc$ 'hauf4' ,if ?is be
 ! exact s5se1 x c h>dly be ! same ^w z 
'heugh1' :i* is us$ fur!r nor? = 'crag' 
or 'precipice1' & x is p]haps m]ely     
ano!r =m ( 'h[' or 'haugh4'   ,h[ 7-oe1 
-ah1 -a1 -haw73 a ,norse ^w = a burial  
m\nd1 f\nd all ov] ! ,nor? ( ,engl&4    
,ice-axe4--,on ! high ,fells 9 "t ( sn[ 
an axe is a safegu>d ( vital importance4
 ,q ap>t1 too1 f ! com=t & security :i* 
x alone c give1 x is an implem5t :i* c  
only be prop]ly manipulat$ aft] long    

practice1 & consequ5tly a beg9n] %\ld   
eag]ly avail himself ( e opportunity (  
acquir+ dext]ity 9 ! use ( x4 ,f        
,*ri/mas to ,ea/] !re is ne>ly always   
sn[ en\gh on ! fells ( ,cumb]l& to give 
excell5t practice 9 /ep-cutt+4   ,ill   
,bell4--,a ,we/morl& hill =m+ a s]ies ( 
?ree ) ,froswick & ,ra9sborr[ ,crag4    
,its nor? or nor?-ea/]ly face is v /eep 
= a height ( ab\t #cjj ft4 ,/aveley is  
p]haps ! be/ />t+-po9t = ^! ?ree2 b !y c
 be manag$ q easily f ,ambleside or     
,m>dale ,gre54 ,ill ,bell is on %eet #bj
 ( ! ,ordnance map ( ,we/morl&4         
,+lebor\gh1 #b1cfa ft41 "o ( ! mo/ /rik+
 ( ! ,york%ire m\nta9s1 ( :i* ! poet    
,gray spoke z 't huge creature ( ,god4' 
,read]s ( ! ',he>t ( ,midlo?ian' w      
rememb] h[ x rem9d$ ,jeannie ,deans ( h]
 'a9 c\ntrie4' ,! mo/ exagg]at$ ideas ( 
its height =m]ly prevail$4 ,ev5 9 #aggj 
x 0 commonly reckon$ at #c1ihg ft41 &   
,hurtley actually gives #e1bhj ft4  ,its
 top is only ab\t f\r miles f ,clapham1 
& ponies c g all ! way4 ,x is asc5d$ f> 

& away m frequ5tly ?an any o!r ,york%ire
 hill1 & consi/s ma9ly ( lime/one cliffs
 & slopes ( %ale1 ) a c]ta9 am\nt (     
mill/one grit4  ,"h are "s v rem>kable  
caves 7see ,alum ,pot & ,gap+ ,gill     
,hole71 & ( "s ( ^! !re is an e>ly      
description by ,mr4 ,adam ,walk] 9 !    
,ev5+ ,g5]al ,po/ = ,septemb] #be1      
#aggi1 :i* is quot$ by ,we/1 & an acc\nt
 ( an asc5t ( x made 9 ! ye> #agfa is   
also extant4   ,jack's ,rake is a       
natural passage across ! face ( ,pavey  
,ark 9 ,langdale4 ,! fir/ notice ev]    
tak5 ( x by any b %eph]ds 0 a note 9 !  
visitors' book belong+ to ! inn at      
,dungeon ,gill by ,mr4 ,r4 ,p5dlebury1  
:o spoke highly ( x1 consid]+ x to be a 
/rik+ yet simple excursion among        
magnific5t rock sc5]y4 ,aft] a "t ! _w  
came to look at ,pavey ,ark1 & see+ an  
impossible-look+ comb9ation ( rav9e &   
precipice1 conclud$1 n unnaturally1 t x 
mu/ be :at ,mr4 ,p5dlebury _h f\nd a    
pleasant yet simple /roll4 ,"u ?is      
delusion1 !y began to try to climb :at  

is n[ kn[n z ! ,great ,gully 9 ,pavey   
,ark1 & did n expect to f9d a place     
any?+ l ! real ,jack's ,rake4  ,mr4     
,gwynne1 9 #ahib1 says ( x3 ',along !   
face ( ! cliff !re runs a l$ge t looks f
 bel[ h>dly wide en\gh = a cat to /& ^u4
 ,h[ev]1 if an attempt is made to climb 
x1 x w be f\nd wide en\gh = two fat m5  
walk+ abrea/4 ,t[>ds ! top x tap]s (f   
aga91 & ! climb] w h to d a bit (       
scrambl+ to get on to ! summit ( !      
precipice4 ,?is is a climb :i* (f]s no  
difficulty :atev]1 unless ! climb] is   
giv5 to attacks ( gidd9ess1 & if t is ! 
case !re w h>dly be any ne$ to tell him 
t he has no bus9ess !re at all4 ,?is    
l$ge1 h[ev]1 (f]s a multitude ( good    
opportunities to ! climb]4 ,x runs      
obliquely across ! face ( ! precipice1 b
 x ne$ n necess>ily be foll[$ ?r\gh\t   
its l5g? by ! m\nta9e] :o wi%es = some?+
 a little m excit+4  ',ab\t halfway up  
!re runs on to ! l$ge a *imney :i*1 :5 x
 is n a small wat]fall1 =ms a pleasant  
climb to "s brok5 rock above1 :5ce !    

summit is easily rea*$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !   
wat] 9 ! *imney makes x uncom=table &   
unpleasant = ! climb]1 he may /ill      
arrive at ! top ( x by *oos+ a long bit 
( /eep smoo? rock to ! left4 ,!re are   
two cliffs :i* af=d fairly good h& &    
foot holds1 & f !re ! top ( ! *imney is 
atta9$4'  ,x is rem>kable t a gall]y m  
or less resembl+ ?is is f\nd on _m ( !  
*ief precipices 9 ! ,lakes4 ,!re is a   
/eep] "o on ! ,enn]dale ,crags ( ,great 
,gable2 !re are two on ! ,enn]dale face 
( ! ,pill> ,rock1 & on ,scafell !       
,rake's ,progress & ,"l's ,rake 9 _!    
mutual relation closely resemble ?is    
rake & ! wide gully at ! nor? end ( x4  
,illu/ration3 ,,pavey ,,ark ,,& ,,/ickle
 ,,t>n ,a1 ,n>r[ gully2 ,b1 ,big gully2 
,c1 ,d1 ,small] gullies2 ,e1 ,wide scree
 gully4 ,f ! foot ( ,e to ,a runs       
,jack's ,rake4   ,k]n ,knotts are on !  
s\? side ( ,gable1 close to ! ,/y ,head4
 ,!re is a %ort b difficult gully "h on 
! side fac+ ,wa/dale1 :i* 0 climb$ by   
,messrs4 ,ow5 ,jones & ,rob9son 9 #ahic1

 b describ$ by !m "u ! "n ( ,tom ,blue1 
a rock mu* high] up ! m\nta94           
,keswick4--,?\gh r too di/ant f ! v be/ 
climb+1 ?is is an excell5t c5tre 9 po9t 
( v>iety4  ,( ,skiddaw & ,saddleback x  
enjoys a monopoly1 :ile ,helvellyn1     
,gable & ,scafell ,pikes are all )9 !   
compass ( a day's "w4 ,! railway is a   
conv5i5ce1 ( c\rse1 b n z useful z "o   
might expect 9 ext5d+ ! field (         
op]ations1 because mo/ ( ! places to :i*
 x goes are ( little int]e/4 ,! t[n is v
 well suppli$ ) driv+ facilities1 su* z 
coa*es1 breaks & omnibuses4  ,!         
clay-slate ( :i* ! ,skiddaw & ,grassmoor
 gr\ps are compos$ provides climb+ (    
small] quantity & inf]ior quality to t  
f\nd among ! h>d] rocks ( :at is call$ !
 ',borr[dale ,s]ies1' b !re are a few   
good scrambles we/ ( ,d]w5twat]1 su* z  
,eel 7or ,ill7 ,crag1 ,=ce ,crag1 &     
,hobc>ton4 ,! ne>e/ good rocks are 9 !  
neighb\rhood ( ,wall[ ,crag1 b !re is no
 pleasure 9 climb+ ) a cr[d ( gap+      
excursioni/s bel[4 ,a mu* pleasant] day 

may be sp5t 9 a visit to ,wan?waite4 ,( 
,keswick itself an e>ly writ] says t !  
poor] inhabitants subsi/ *iefly by /eal+
 or cl&e/9ely buy+ ( ^? :o /eal !       
black-lead1 :i* !y sell to ,jews & o!r  
hawk]s2 b :atev] *anges ! "* ( ! p has  
or has n und]gone1 x is n easy to       
believe t ! sc5]y is ! same z t :i* !   
e>ly writ]s describe4  ,camd5's tone is 
neutral3 ',compass$ ab\t ) deawy hilles 
& f5s$ on ! ,nor? side ) t high m\nta9e 
,skiddaw lie? ,keswike2' b two c5turies 
lat]1 :5 ! place began to be fa%ionable1
 ?is description w\ld n h satisfi$ any  
"o4 ,! great *>act]i/ic ( ! sc5]y 0     
consid]$ to be its p[] ( inspir+ t]ror4 
,dr4 ,br[n 9 8 fam\s ',lett]' dwells ^u 
! 'rocks & cliffs ( /up5d\s height hang+
 brok5 ov] ! lake 9 horrible gr&eur1 "s 
( !m a ?\s& feet high1 ! woods climb+ up
 _! /eep & %aggy sides1 :]e mortal foot 
nev] yet approa*$4 ,on ^! dreadful      
heights ! eagles build _! ne/s1 444 :ile
 on all sides ( ?is imm5se amphi!atre ! 
l(ty m\nta9s rise r\nd1 pi]c+ ! cl\ds 9 

%apes z spiry & fanta/ic z ! v rocks (  
,dov$ale4444 ,! full p]fection (        
,keswick consi/s ( ?ree circum/ances1   
beauty1 horror & imm5sity unit$4'       
,kirkfell has two f9e buttresses ( rock 
at ! back1 fac+ ,enn]dale1 b !y are     
brok5 up & s only fit = practice climbs4
 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 n unfrequ5tly assail$  
by climb]s :o imag9e !mselves to be     
scal+ ! crags ( ,great ,gable4 ,! direct
 asc5t f ,wa/dale is "o ( ! /eepe/ l5g?s
 ( grass slope to be f\nd among ^!      
hills4 ,! only gully on ?is fell is     
,illgill1 :i* faces ,l+mell & conta9s   
two or ?ree sev]e pit*es4 ,x is r seldom
 visit$1 & is expos$ to fall+ /ones4    
,lanca%ire4--,?\gh "s ( ! r\gh c\ntry   
:i* bord]s on ,york%ire conta9s a rocky 
bit "h & !re1 ,lanca%ire climb+ has no  
real int]e/ except 9 t "p ( x :i*       
belongs to ! ,lake c\ntry4 ,! climax (  
?is "p is rea*$ 9 ! neighb\rhood (      
,coni/on4 ,s\? ( ! ,lakes !re are "s    
lime/one crags ( /rik+ =m4 ,! impression
 produc$ on ,defoe by :at we consid] !  

exceptionally beautiful sc5]y ( ! ,lune 
valley is curi\s4 ',?is "p ( ! c\ntry   
seem$ v /range & dismal to u 7no?+ b    
m\nta9s 9 view & /one walls = h$ges2 s\r
 oatcakes = bread1 or clapat-bread z x  
is call$74 ,z ^! hills 7 l(ty1 s !y _h  
an aspect ( t]ror4 ,"h 7 no ri* pleasant
 valleys betwe5 !m z among ! ,alps2 no  
lead m9es & ve9s ( ri* ore z 9 ! ,peak2 
no coal-pits z 9 ! hills ab\t ,halifax1 
b all b>r5 & wild & ( no use ei!r to man
 or bea/4'   ,langdale4--7,see ,b[fell1 
,pavey ,ark & ,pike o',/ickle1 ,gimm]   
,crag1 ,h>rison ,/ickle1 ,oak ,h[47 ,by 
_m ?\ght ! f9e/ valley 9 ,we/morl&2 ! "n
 is (t5 writt5 ,langd5 or ,langdon by   
old au?orities4  ,dungeon ,gill has     
always be5 a fav\rite haunt ( climb+    
folk1 & f ?is base /rong walk]s c easily
 manage to rea* ,scafell1 ,gable1       
,coni/on1 ,old ,man1 or ,helvellyn 9 !  
day4   ,lime/one is abundant 9 ,d]by%ire
 & ,york%ire1 & =ms ! f9e cliffs ( ,*$d>
 9 ,som]set1 ,b]ry ,head 9 ,devon1      
,an/is ,cove & o!rs2 inde$ mo/ ( ! s\?  

coa/ ( ,devon & ,cornwall ea/ ( ,p5zance
 is ( ?is mat]ial4 ,*udleigh ,rock &    
,morwell ,rocks on ! riv] ,tam> are v   
/rik+4 ,we/1 speak+ ( ?is rock 9        
,lanca%ire1 says1 ',! :it5ess & neatness
 ( ^! rocks take (f e idea ( horror t   
might be sugge/$ by _! bulk or =m4' ,9  
,engl& x is v r>e to f9d lime/one :i* is
 a satisfactory mat]ial on :i* to climb4
   ,l+mell1 call$ ,l+moor by ,wilk9son1 
is a m]e %\ld] ( ,scafell ,pike4 ,x has1
 h[ev]1 "s f9e cliffs fac+ ^? ( ,great  
,napes on ,gable2 betwe5 ^! two ,h\sman 
?\ght a collision imm95t4 ,^! us$ to be 
?\ght inaccessible1 b 7 climb$ by ,mr4  
,b[r+ ab\t #ahhj4 ,!re is a /rik+ view (
 !m f ne> ,/y ,head4 ,! eye looks "r    
along ! d>k rav9e ( ,pi]s ,gill1 :i* is 
app>5tly ov]hung by ! long l9e ( ^!     
crags1 ris+ f tongues ( rock divid$ by  
huge fan-%ap$ banks ( scree4 ,!re is a  
good deal ( *ance ab\t ! climb+ "h4 ,x  
may be excit+1 or y may j happ5 to avoid
 :at difficulties !re are4 ,x is a v    
trea*]\s rock1 especially l[ d[n1 :]e   

curi\s long /one pegs are lightly /uck 9
 ! gr\nd & come away at ! fir/ t\*4 ,a  
few feet bel[ ! top /&s a curi\s p9nacle
 ( =bidd+ appe>ance1 ( :i* a s5sational 
photograph has be5 tak52 b ,mr4 ,rob9son
 f\nd "o side f :i* ! top is rea*$ )    
ridicul\s ease4 ,fur!r we/ !re are      
gullies fac+ ,kirkfell :i* are wor?     
climb+1 ?\gh !re is mu* uns\nd rock4    
7,see also ,pi]s ,gill47  ,illu/ration3 
,,l+mell ,,& ,,pi]s ,,gill   ,l+moor1 r 
ov] a mile s\?-ea/ ( ,millbeck ,inn1 &  
ne> ,oak ,h[1 is a little p9nacle ( :i* 
a photograph & a description by ,mr4    
,h4,a4 ,gwynne w be f\nd 9 ! ,climb]s'  
book at t place4 ,9 old maps ! "n is    
sometimes f\nd appli$ to ,l+mell4       
,illu/ration3 ,,"l',s ,,rake ,,&        
,,rake',s ,,progress ,a1 ,! foot ( ,moss
 ,gill2 ,b1 ,! foot ( ,/eep ,gill2      
,c-,d1 ,"l's ,rake2 ,c-,a1 ,"p ( ,rake's
 ,progress4   ,"l's ,rake4--,a well-kn[n
 scree-%oot 9 ! nor? face ( ,scafell1 = 
! asc5t ( :i* f ,mickl$oor x (f]s an    
easy r\te )\t climb+4 ,! e>lie/ acc\nt (

 its be+ us$ = ?is purpose is 9 ! ,p5ny 
,magaz9e = #ahcg at p4 #bic3 ',x is v   
labori\s & looks dang]\s1 b 9 fact !re  
is no risk except t ( a spra9$ ankle4 ,x
 is ?r\gh ! ,"l's ,rake1 a %aft betwe5  
two v]tical walls ( rock ab\t five y>ds 
across all ! way up1 & tw5ty or         
tw5ty-five m9utes' h>d climb+ on all    
f\rs up a slope ( ab\t #de deg44 ,!     
place mu/ h be5 cut out by a wat]c\rse1 
b is n[ dry & cov]$ ) light %+le4 ,x    
looks "r d[n into ,holl[ ,/ones 7! deep 
vale betwe5 ! ,pikes & ,scafell71 & mo/ 
fe>ful x does look1 b x is n dang]\s4   
,:5 we rea*$ ! inn at ,eskdale ov]      
,scafell my %eph]d 0 v pr\d ( hav+      
br\ght me ?r\gh ! ,"l's ,rake1 & ! p 7  
mu* surpris$4 ,x seems to be r a feat 9 
! c\ntry4 ,x is ! /range/ place ,i ev]  
saw4 ,x may be recomm5d$ to all :o c be>
 h>d lab\r & enjoy ! appe>ance ( dang]  
)\t ! reality4' ',prior's ,guide'       
conta9$ ! fir/ good description ( ?is   
rake4   ,luxulion1 9 ,cornwall1 is (    
int]e/ to ! m9]alogi/ & ! travell$      

m\nta9e] on acc\nt ( its enorm\s block4 
,accord+ to ,mr4 ,baddeley1 ?is is !    
l>ge/ block 9 ,europe1 l>g] ?an any ( ! 
fam\s b\ld]s at ! head ( ! ,italian     
lakes1 & x may take rank ) ! l>ge/ kn[n1
 ! ,agassiz blocks 9 ! ,tijuca m\nta9s  
ne> ,rio ,janeiro4 ,he gives ! dim5sions
 z #di feet by #bg feet ) #gb feet gir?1
 yet makes no allusion to ! ,b[d] ,/one 
9 ,borr[dale1 :i* 9 ano!r "w he         
describes z be+ #fj feet long1 #cj feet 
high1 & weigh+ #a1ijj tons4 ,x w\ld     
appe>1 !re=e1 t ! ,b[d] ,/one is        
consid]ably l>g] ?an ! l>ge/ /one 9     
,europe )\t be+ s rem>kable = size z    
ano!r /one 9 ,engl&4   ,malham          
,cove4--,a f9e example ( ! lime/one     
sc5]y ( ! ,crav5 ,fault4 ,! riv] ,aire  
gu%es =? f ! base ( ! cove1 :i* c easily
 be se5 9 ! same excursion z ,gordale   
,sc>4 ,! ne>e/ t[n is ,skipton-9-,crav5 
& ! ne>e/ /ation ,bell ,busk1 b ,settle 
is v little f>!r & w g5]ally be f\nd !  
mo/ conv5i5t />t+-po9t4   ,m>dale ,gre51
 at ! head ( ,hawes ,wat]1 is a         

delightful & little visit$ spot4 ,9 !   
way ( climb+ x comm&s ,high ,/reet1     
,h>t] ,fell1 ,froswick1 ,ill ,bell1 &   
,ra9sborr[ ,crag4 ,! be/ ne> climbs are 
ab\t ,bleawat] & ,rigg9dale4            
,mellbreak4--,"o ( ! few ,cumb]l& fells 
:i* ! indefatigable ,colonel ,b>r[ seems
 to h left unvisit$2 yet no "o :o /ops  
at ,scale ,hill or ,butt]m]e w consid]  
wa/$ a day sp5t ^u x4 ,! prop] c\rse is 
to beg9 at ! end :i* faces ,l[eswat]    
village & asc5d by ,fri]'s ,gill1 a nice
 little climb4 ,hav+ rea*$ ! top ( !    
gill & !n ! summit plateau1 proce$ to ! 
holl[ ab\t ! middle ( ! m\nta91 & f !re 
desc5d ! highly curi\s ,pill> ,rake1 :i*
 gradually slopes d[n t[>ds ! foot (    
,crummock ,wat]4 ,x is n a climb1 b any 
"o :o is n cont5t ) ! /udy ( m\nta9 =m c
 f9d climb+ 9 ! little gullies :i* asc5d
 ! rocks above ! rake4 ,%eet #fc ( !    
,ordnance map ( ,cumb]l& conta9s x4     
,mickl$oor ,*imney1 9 ! cliffs (        
,scafell1 is n ! easie/1 b ! mo/ obvi\s 
po9t at :i* to attack !m4 ,x is         

conspicu\s f ! ,pikes1 & w\ld probably  
be select$ by any exp]i5c$ /rang] z !   
mo/ vuln]able po9t4 ,x 0 visit$ ab\t !  
ye> #ahfi by ,mr4 ,c4,w4 ,dymond1 :o    
contribut$ to ',prior's ,guide' ! e>lie/
 & be/ description ( x4 ,he says t1     
'leav+ ,mickl$oor ,ridge1 y pass !      
fissure lead+ to ,broad ,/&1 & cont9ue  
desc5d+ /eeply = two m9utes1 :i* br+s y 
to a n>r[ gully 9 ! rock1 ) a ?read (   
wat] trickl+ d[n x ov] moss4 ,?is is !  
*em9ee to be asc5d$1 & !re is no special
 difficulty 9 x until y are ne> ! top4  
,"h ! gully1 ( :i* ! '*imney' =ms ! l[] 
section1 is effectually block$ = "s     
di/ance1 & ! only alt]native is to climb
 out ( x by ! rock :i* =ms ! "r wall1 & 
:i* is ab\t #ab ft4 high1 ! l[] six     
v]tical & ! upp] a /eep slant4 ,?is1 :i*
 c only be scal$ a la *imney-sweep1 is  
exce$+ly difficult1 z is also ! gymna/ic
 feat ( escap+ to t]ra firma f ! n>r[   
%elf on :i* ! %\ld]-&-hip "w l&s y4'    
,?is is v cle> & 9 ! ma9 correct1 b !re 
is ano!r & easi] exit mu* l[] d[n call$ 

'! ,corn]1' & !re is a ?ird exit only a 
few feet f ! m\? ( ! *imney4 ,all ^! are
 on ! "r h&1 = ! opposite bank is n only
 mu* high] & mu* smoo!r1 b w\ld lead to 
no?+ if x 7 surm\nt$4 ,x is n really    
necess>y to ent] ! *imney at all1 = !   
edge pres5t$ :]e ! bank cuts ! wall     
b\nd+ ! screes is q assailable1 & j "r (
 x !re is a po9t :i* may ev5 be call$   
easy2 b two t]rible accid5ts :i* h      
occurr$ at ?is spot prove ! necessity ( 
c>e4  ,until ! extraord9>ily dry season 
( #ahic ! moss-gr[n block at ! v head ( 
! *imney _h nev] be5 climb$4 ,x 0       
accompli%$ on ! #ab? ( ,septemb] by ,mr4
 ,w4,h4 ,f[l]4 ,by /&+ on ! %\ld]s ( a  
tall man he 0 able to rea* a slight hold
 & to e/abli% himself on a r\gh         
rectangul> block =m+ ! floor ( a recess 
big en\gh to hold "o man4 ,! block above
 x 0 holdless1 & ov]hang+ & loose /ones 
7 a great nuisance4   ,micklefell4--,!  
highe/ m\nta9 9 ,york%ire1 b except on t
 acc\nt x possesses no special          
attraction4 ,! be/ />t+-po9t is ! ,high 

,=ce ,inn 9 ,teesdale1 #e miles f       
,middleton4 ,by mak+ ! r\nd ( ! m\nta9 f
 ,high ,=ce to ,appleby "s v f9e        
rock-sc5]y may be enjoy$4   ,mill/one   
grit4--,a mat]ial :i* is v abundant 9   
,york%ire & ,d]by%ire4 ,x is fairly     
firm1 b seldom af=ds a climb ( any      
su/a9$ int]e/4 ,few k9ds ( rock wea!r   
into su* ecc5tric =ms1 & ( ?is prop5sity
 ,brimham ,rocks are a good example4 ,x 
=ms mo/ ( ! ',edges' 9 ,d]by%ire1 &     
g5]ally speak+ a precipice at ! top ( a 
hill is ( ?is mat]ial1 :ile ^? at ! foot
 are ( lime/one4   ,moses' ,sl$gate is a
 curi\s track1 :i* has evid5tly be5     
eng9e]$ ) consid]able c>e1 runn+ f ne>  
,seatoll] 9 ,borr[dale at ! back (      
,br&re?1 r\nd ! head ( ,enn]dale bel[   
,gre5 & ,great ,gable1 & !n ov] ,beck   
,head & d[n ,gavel ,neese into ,wa/dale4
 ,! "q is1 :o made x & = :at purpose 0 x
 us$8 ,a few ye>s ago1 ! writ]1 :ile    
climb+ ) two fri5ds among ! crags on !  
,enn]dale side ( ,great ,gable1 /umbl$ q
 by *ance on some?+ :i* seem$ to ?r[ a  

side-light on ! "q4 ,?is 0 a ru9$ hut   
?ickly ov]gr[n ) moss1 & %[+ no trace ( 
any wood hav+ be5 employ$ 9 its         
con/ruction4 ,! spot _h evid5tly be5    
*os5 prim>ily ) a view to concealm5t1 & 
! result ( enquiries k9dly made s9ce !n 
by "o ( my fri5ds has be5 to elicit pro(
 ( c]ta9 traditions /ill l+]+ among !   
old] inhabitants ( ^! dales conc]n+ a   
not$ di/ill] ( illicit spirits1 :o      
fl\ri%$ & defi$ ! law among ^! wild     
retreats4 ,at ! same "t x is n easy to  
believe t a smuggl] w\ld h und]tak5 !   
con/ruction ( su* a pa? z ?is4 ,9 ! ,s\?
 ( ,engl&1 x is true t ! smuggl]s 7     
consid]able roadmak]s2 b t 0 at a "t :5 
smuggl+ 0 a great & well-organis$       
in/itution1 & x seems mu* m probable 9  
?is case t ,moses made use ( an old pa? 
con/ruct$ = "s purpose :i* _h at t "t   
be5 ab&on$4  ,! t]ms ',moses' ,pa?' &   
',moses' ,trod' are also us$ to describe
 ?is track4 ,x is n notic$ 9 !          
guide-books1 b some?+ is said ab\t x by 
,mrs4 ,lynn ,l9ton4   ,moss ,gill1 on   

,scafell1 is ! next gully on ! ea/ or   
,mickl$oor side ( ,/eep ,gill4 ,! "n    
,sweep ,gill 7'f ! probable pr(ession ( 
! future fir/ climb] ( its extraord9>y  
v]tical *imneys'7 0 sugge/$ = x by ,mr4 
,gilson %ortly aft] its discov]y1 b t "n
 has be5 entirely sup]s$$4 ,! fir/      
m5tion ( x 9 ! ,wa/dale ,head book is a 
note by ! pres5t writ] 9 ,june #ahhi1   
recomm5d+ x to any "o 9 se>* ( a new &  
difficult climb4 ,8 p>ty on t occasion 0
 repuls$ aft] rea*+ ! great blocks1 :i* 
h only be5 pass$ s9ce by ! aid ( !      
artificial /ep subsequ5tly cut 9 ! rock4
 ,x 0 tri$ aga9 a =tnight lat] by a p>ty
 "u ,mr4 ,r4,c4 ,gilson1 :i* got v      
ne>ly1 b n q z f>4 ,two days lat] ! same
 p>ty explor$ ! gill f above & desc5d$ 9
 x = a consid]able di/ance4 ,x 0 n1     
h[ev]1 till ?ree & a half ye>s lat]1 at 
,*ri/mas1 #ahib1 t ! climb 0 accompli%$ 
by ,dr4 ,j4,n4 ,collie1 ,g4 ,ha/+s1 &   
,j4,w4 ,rob9son1 & _! acc\nt ( x is3    
,illu/ration3 ,,moss ,,gill ,,& ,,/eep  
,,gill ,a1 ,moss ,gill 7,collie's exit72

 ,b1 ,moss ,gill 7,colli]'s exit73 ,c1  
,top ( ,/eep ,gill4 ,j bel[ ! po9t to   
:i* ,a & ,b conv]ge is ! artificial /ep4
  ',! *ief po9ts 9 ?is climb are1       
,fir/--to beg9 on ! rock wall to ! "r ( 
! foot ( ! gill & n 9 ! v foot ( !      
*imney itself1 !n ent] ! gill j bel[ !  
fir/ great pit*1 :i* may be turn$ by    
climb+ ! wall on ! "r h& on to a grass  
l$ge ( consid]able size1 call$ ! ,t5nis 
,c\rt2 ent] ! gill f "h aga91 & pass    
into ! cav]n "u ! great b\ld]4'  ',we   
f\nd1' says ,dr4 ,collie1 't bel[ !     
great slab :i* =m$ ! ro(1 ano!r small]  
"o 0 jamm$ 9 ! gully1 :i*1 /ret*+ across
 f side to side1 =m$ ! top ( a great    
doorway4 ,"u ?is we pass$ & clamb]$ up  
on to ! top ( x4 ,ov] our heads ! great 
rock ro( /ret*$ "s di/ance ov] ! gill4  
,our only *ance 0 to trav]se /raight out
 along ! side ( ! gill1 till "o 0 no    
long] ov]%ad[$ by ! ro( above1 & !n1 if 
possible1 climb up ! face ( rock &      
trav]se back aga9 above ! ob/acle into !
 gill once m4 ,?is 0 easi] to plan ?an  

to c>ry out2 absolutely no h&-hold1 &   
only "o little project+ l$ge jutt+ out  
ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* & ab\t two in*es  
long to /& on1 & six or eight feet ( !  
rock wall to be trav]s$4 ,i 0 ask$ to   
try x4 ,accord+ly1 ) great delib]ation1 
,i /ret*$ out my foot & plac$ ! edge (  
my toe on ! l$ge4 ,j z ,i 0 go+ to put  
my weight on to x1 (f slipp$ my toe1 &  
if ,ha/+s _h n quickly j]k$ me back1 ,i 
%\ld in/antly h be5 dangl+ on ! end ( ! 
rope4 ,b we 7 det]m9$ n to be beat54    
,ha/+s' ice-axe 0 next br\ght into      
requisition1 & :at foll[$ ,i h no d\bt w
 be sev]ely criticis$ by m or?odox      
m\nta9e]s ?an ourselves4 ,z x 0 my      
sugge/ion ,i mu/ take ! blame4 ,peccavi6
 ,i hack$ a /ep 9 ! rock--& x 0 v h>d   
"w4 ,b ,i %\ld n advise any "o to try & 
d ! same ?+ ) an ord9>y axe4 ,ha/+s' axe
 is an extraord9>y "o1 & 0 none ! worse 
= ! exp]im5t4 ,i !n /epp$ across !      
mauvais pas1 clamb]$ up ! rock till ,i  
_h rea*$ a spot :]e a capital hit* c\ld 
be got ov] a jutt+ piece ( rock1 & ! re/

 ( ! p>ty foll[$4 ,we !n climb$ out ( ! 
gill on ! left1 up "s int]e/+ slabs (   
rock4 ,a few days lat] ! gill 0 aga9    
asc5d$ by a p>ty l$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,colli]4
 ,!y did n foll[ our track to ! left    
aft] ! ov]hang+ rock _h be5 pass$1 b    
climb$ /raight up1 us+ a crack :i* looks
 impossible f d[n bel[1 ?us add+ an     
extra piece ( spl5did climb+ to !       
exp$ition4'  ,only f\r days aft] ,dr4   
,collie1 a p>ty ( five climb]s1 l$ by   
,dr4 ,j4 ,colli]1 made ! second asc5t ( 
,moss ,gill4 ,! description giv5 by _!  
precursors 0 ( great assi/ance1 & except
 t ! gill 0 ent]$ mu* l[]1 ! same l9e 0 
foll[$ up to ! trav]se f ! great b\ld]4 
,"h1 in/ead ( climb+ out to ! sky l9e on
 ! left side1 ! asc5t ( ! gill itself 0 
complet$ by climb+ ! v]tical moss-gr[n  
wall on ! "r4 ,?is "p 0 entirely new1 & 
,dr4 ,colli]'s note ( 8 v>iation1 or we 
may say correction1 = 8 climb is ! m    
direct ( ! two1 is t ! asc5t ( ! wall 0 
made by us+ ! cleft ( ! gill = ab\t #ae 
ft41 :5 a re/+ place 0 rea*$4 ,above ?is

 po9t !y climb$ ab\t #ae ft41 & !n      
trav]s$ out on ! face ( ! wall = ab\t #h
 ft4 by "s l$ges :i* af=d$ j suffici5t  
hold4 ,!y !n asc5d$ v]tically ab\t #f or
 #h ft41 re-ent]+ ! cleft above a small 
plat=m ( jamm$ /ones 7',s5try ,box'74   
,?is gave a />t+-po9t = ! completion ( !
 asc5t1 :i* 0 made by climb+ out on to !
 face ( ! wall to enable ! jamm$ /ones  
at ! top ( ! pit* to be turn$4 ,^! la/  
/ones did n appe> to be secure & 7      
avoid$4 ,f ?is po9t ! gill cont9ues     
upw>d at an easy slope1 ) "o pit* ( ab\t
 #ae ft4 to ! back ( ! small summit on !
 left ( ,deep ,gill4 ,two days lat] !   
asc5t 0 repeat$ by ,dr4 ,colli] 9       
company ) ,pr(essor ,h4,b4 ,dixon & !   
late ,pr(essor ,a4,m4 ,m>%all1 ! latt] (
 :om ins]t$ 9 ! ,climb]s' book a        
rem>kably bold & effective outl9e sket* 
( ! gill1 ) explanatory notes4 ,speak+ (
 ! climb1 he said t ,mr4 ,colli] l$     
?r\gh\t1 & t ! success ( ! climb 0 due  
entirely to him4 ,! climb is a v f9e "o1
 &1 except = ! lead]1 is entirely free f

 dang]4 ,at ! v awkw>d return f ,t5nis  
,c\rt ,l$ge into ! gully1 ! lead] c by a
 %ort trav]se fix himself directly above
 ! re/ ( ! p>ty4 ,dur+ ! trav]se f !    
'w9d[' ! lead] c fix ! rope ov] !       
'belay+-p94' ,9 ! great *imney ! ,s5try 
,box is a place ( absolute safety4 ,!   
climb is difficult1 b no "p ( ! *imney  
is h>d] ?an ! %ort rock face lead+ up to
 ,t5nis ,c\rt ,l$ge1 & ! mo/ awkw>d     
trav]se 7if cov]$ ) sn[7 is ! "o f      
,t5nis ,c\rt ,l$ge back into ! gully4 ,=
 a p>ty ( ?ree #hj ft4 ( rope w\ld be   
en\gh2 #ajj ft4 p]haps bett]4 ,on       
,janu>y #i1 #ahic1 ,mr4 ,o4,g4 ,jones   
attack$ ?is =midable climb entirely by  
himself1 foll[+ ,mr4 ,colli]'s r\te up  
to ! foot ( ! ,great ,*imney1 & !n ,mr4 
,ha/+s' exit to ! left4 ,heavy sn[ _h   
fall5 s9ce ! previ\s asc5ts & ! climb   
appe>$ to be exce$+ly difficult4 ,almo/ 
e hold _h to be cle>$ ( sn[2 ess5tial   
precautions r5d]$ ! climb ( five h\rs'  
duration1 & x 0 n complet$ till aft] d>k
 7#e4de p4m474 ,:ile cle>+ sn[ f ! m    

remote portions ( ! ,collie trav]se f ! 
w9d[1 9 se>* ( ! ?ird /ep1 ! difficulty 
( balanc+ prov$ too great1 & he fell    
into ! gully bel[4 ,a rope _h be5 secur$
 r\nd ! w9d[ & ?us prev5t$ 8 pass+      
beyond ! sn[ pat* on :i* he fell4 ,!    
w9d[ 'sill1' already loose1 0 on ! v]ge 
( fall+1 & 0 !re=e pu%$ ov] into !      
gully4 ,return+ two days lat]1 he f\nd t
 ! two l[e/ *imneys 9 ! gill c\ld be    
tak5 /raight up1 & t ! simple/ way (    
rea*+ ,t5nis ,c\rt ,l$ge is by 'back+   
up' ! *imney till ! level ( ! recess 9 !
 "r-h& face is rea*$4 ',! recess is ne> 
en\gh to be tak5 ) a /ride4 ,x w\ld seem
 t ! ,t5nis ,c\rt ,l$ge & trav]se back  
into ! gully may be entirely disp5s$ )  
by cont9u+ up ! *imney1 ! small jamm$   
/ones be+ firm en\gh to r5d] ! necess>y 
assi/ance4 ,:ile mak+ ^! sugge/ions     
conc]n+ small details 9 ! climb1 x may  
be m5tion$ t at ! ,collie trav]se1 :i* !
 writ]'s exp]i5ce leads him to ?9k is ! 
mo/ dang]\s piece 9 ! gill1 an axe may  
be ( mu* help to a p>ty4 ,a man fix$ on 

! w9d[ sill may press ! po9t ( ! axe    
into a conv5i5tly plac$ not* 9 ! slab   
fac+ him1 s t ! l[] end ( ! h&le %all   
supply a firm h&-hold = any "o /ret*+   
r\nd ! ?ird /ep4          ,heights      
calculat$ by ,mr4 ,jones4       ,foot ( 
,gill on ,rake's ,progress        #b1fbe
 ft4      ,sn[ ,pat* bel[ ,t5nis ,c\rt  
,l$ge    #b1hje        ,t5nis ,c\rt     
,l$ge                     #b1hdj        
,foot ( jamm$ /one pit*                 
#b1hgj        ,w9d[ 9 jamm$ /ones       
#b1hie        ,sn[ pat* above           
#b1ibj        ,top ( left-h& exit       
#c1adj        ,top ( ,moss ,gill prop]  
#c1agj    ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be borne 9 m9d 
t ^! measurem5ts1 ?\gh useful = !       
purposes ( comp>ison1 _c be absolutely  
correct1 see+ t ,scafell itself is only 
#c1afb ft4 high4 ,on ,febru>y #aa       
,messrs4 ,sl+sby1 ,woolley1 & ,r4       
,williams f\nd ! gully v difficult ow+  
to ice1 & record$ an emphatic prote/    
aga9/ any "o foll[+ _! example by       
attempt+ x1 'except :5 ! rocks are dry &

 q free f ice4'  ,on ! la/ day ( ,m>*   
,messrs4 ,brunskill & ,gibbs foll[$1 ) a
 slight improvem5t1 ,dr4 ,colli]'s r\te1
 & made ! subjo9$ obs]vations1 tak5     
app>5tly ) great] c>e ?an ^? by ,mr4    
,jones3       ,foot ( ,gill at ,rake's  
,progress                   #b1egj ft4  
,sn[ ,pat* above jamm$ /ones            
#b1hfe        ,top ( ,great ,*imney or  
,moss wall                 #b1ife       
,top ( ,gill 7neck lead+ to ,deep ,gill 
,pisgah7    #c1jfe    ,x w be se5 t :ile
 ! po9ts are all made l[] ?an ,mr4      
,jones's table1 ! height betwe5 !       
comm5cem5t ( ! climb & ! sn[ pat* above 
! jamm$ /ones is exactly ! same--#bie   
ft4 ,9 ?is case an obs]vation 0 tak5 at 
! cairn on ! top ( ,scafell1 & ! an]oid 
/ood at almo/ exactly ! correct figure1 
:i* some:at confirms ! figures n[ giv54 
,napes4--,a collection ( f9e rocks1 />t+
 up l a /ack ( organ pipes on ! s\? side
 ( ,great ,gable4 ,! extremity ( !m     
ne>e/ to ,kirkfell is call$ ,:ite       
,napes1 & sometimes ,gable ,horn4 ,ea/ (

 ?is is a gap kn[n z ,little ,hell      
,gate4 ,ea/ ( ?is comes ,great ,napes1 &
 ea/ ( !m aga9 is ,great ,hell ,gate1   
:i* is call$ ,deep ,gill 9 ! ,ordnance  
map4  ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahhd1 a note by !  
pres5t writ] 9 ! book at ,wa/dale ,head 
drew att5tion to ^! excell5t rocks4 ,!y 
are n[ "o ( ! mo/ fav\rite climbs 9     
,wa/dale1 & conta9 ! well-kn[n ,ne$le1 !
 ,be> ,rock1 & ! ,arr[head1 ) _!        
respective gullies & aretes4  ,j we/ (  
,hell ,gate !re is a consid]able wid? ( 
v l>ge & /eep rock1 :i* cont9ues ne>ly  
to ! ,ne$le ,ridge1 ) only a few /eep & 
%all[ gullies1 9 :i* ! grass is v rott54
 ,we/ ( ?is ridge !re is a deep gully1  
grassy1 b exce$+ly /eep4 ,! ridge beyond
 ?is 0 asc5d$ 9 ,april1 #ahib1 by       
,messrs4 ,sl+sby1 ,bak]1 ,solly1 &      
,brigg1 :o call$ x ! ,eagle's ,ne/      
7q4v474 ,! n>r[ gully we/ ( ?is ridge is
 app>5tly t :i* 0 climb$ on ,decemb]    
#bi1 #ahij1 by ,mr4 ,r4,c4 ,gilson4 ,he 
describes x z '! gully on ! left z y    
face ! m\nta9 ( ! gully com+ d[n left ( 

! ,ne$le4' ,he proce$s to say t x       
pres5t$ no special difficulty1 except at
 a po9t ab\t "o-?ird ( ! way up1 :]e !re
 0 a l>ge b\ld] & a smoo? slab ?9ly     
glaz$ ) ice4 ,x 0 claim$ z a fir/ asc5t 
:5 climb$ on ,april #ag1 #ahib1 by      
,messrs4 ,solly & ,s*9tz4 ,we/ aga9 (   
?is is ! ridge ( ! ,arr[head 7q4v474 ,we
 are "h gett+ ne> ! end ( ,great ,napes1
 :i* are sep>at$ on ! we/ f ,:ite ,napes
 by ! scree gully :i* is call$ ,little  
,hell ,gate4   ,napes ,ne$le4--,a rock (
 v /rik+ =m1 :i*1 by an em95t m\nta9e]1 
has be5 comp>$ to a violon-cello4  ,x   
/&s at ! foot ( ! ,ne$le ,ridge 9 !     
,napes1 & 0 fir/ climb$ by ! writ] ab\t 
! end ( ,june1 #ahhf4 ,! second asc5t 0 
made on ,m>* #ag1 #ahhi1 by ,mr4 ,g4    
,ha/+s1 & ! ?ird by ,mr4 ,f4 ,well=d on 
,june #bb1 ,mr4 ,j4,w4 ,rob9son foll[+  
on ,augu/ #ab 9 ! same ye>4             
,illu/ration3 ,,napes ,,ne$le ,,f ,,!   
,,we/ ,a1 ,ne$le ,ridge2 ,b is rea*$ f  
bel[ by means ( a deep crack :i* goes "r
 ?r\gh ! rock4 ,9 ord] to get to ,c f ,b

 x is necess>y to pass r\nd beh9d to !  
crack se5 at ,d1 along :i* "o may pass  
to ,c1 & !nce direct to ! top4  ,miss   
,koe*] 7,m>* #ca1 #ahij7 0 app>5tly !   
fir/ lady to asc5d4  ,x 0 fir/ climb$ f 
! we/2 ! way on ! opposite side is      
p]haps less sev]e1 b long] & m v>i$4  ,!
 rock is frequ5tly photograph$1 & an    
illu/rat$ article on x appe>$ 9 ! ,pall 
,mall ,budget ( ,june #e1 #ahij4        
,ne$le ,ridge is t ridge ( ! ,napes on  
,great ,gable :i* is imm$iately beh9d ! 
,napes ,ne$le4 ,x 0 discov]$ 9 #ahhd by 
! writ] & ,mr4 ,rob9son1 & asc5d$ by !m 
9 a some:at desultory fa%ion2 t is to   
say1 !y cut 9 f ! ea/ side ne>ly at !   
top ( ! difficult face :i* =ms its l[]  
extremity1 & also avoid$ ! topmo/ piece 
by pass+ ov] on to ! easy t]race on !   
we/ side ( ! ridge4 ,! arete 0 climb$ 9 
a /rict & consci5ti\s mann] = ! fir/ "t 
by ! writ] 9 #ahhf4 ,?is 0 a desc5t1 &  
app>5tly ! fir/ /rict asc5t 0 made by   
,messrs4 ,sl+sby1 ,ha/+s ,hopk9son1 & a 
bro!r ( ! writ]4   ,nor? ,climb4--,!    

fir/ to describe ?is climb on ,scafell 0
 ,mr4 ,seatree1 :o says3  ',f ! ridge we
 trav]s$ a l$ge ( grass-cov]$ rock !    
,rake's ,progress to ! "r1 until we     
rea*$ a deta*$ b\ld]1 /epp+ ^u :i* we 7 
enabl$ to get h&-hold ( a crevice #f or 
#g ft4 f :]e we /ood4 ,to draw ourselves
 up s z to get our feet ^u ?is 0 !      
difficulty2 !re is only "o small        
foot-hold 9 t di/ance1 & to h slipp$ "h 
w\ld h precipitat$ ! climb] _m feet     
bel[4 ,hav+ succe$$ 9 ga9+ ?is          
foot-hold1 we f\nd ourselves 9 a small  
rectangul> recess1 ) b>ely room to turn 
r\nd4 ,f "h x 0 necess>y to draw        
ourselves c>efully ov] two o!r l$ges    
into a small rift 9 ! rocks1 & !n       
trav]se on our h&s & knees ano!r n>r[   
l$ge ( ab\t #h ft4 to ! left1 :i* br\ght
 u ne>ly 9 a l9e ) ,mickl$oor ,ridge4 ,f
 "h all 0 comp>atively smoo? sail+4'    
,?is climb _h be5 made _m ye>s be=e     
7#ahfi7 by ,major ,ponsonby ,cundill1   
,r4,e41 :o left 8 /ick 9 ! deep crack   
beh9d ! l$ge :i* ,mr4 ,seatree trav]s$  

on 8 h&s & knees4 ,! /ick 0 f\nd 9 #ahhd
 by ,mr4 ,*as4 ,cookson4 ,?is l$ge1 by !
 way1 %\ld c]ta9ly be walk$ or at lea/  
sidl$ 9 an upright attitude1 o!rwise    
unga9ly gamboll+s are necess>y :5 ! "t  
comes = /epp+ (f at ! o!r end4 ,! desc5t
 ( ! ,nor? ,climb is decid$ly difficult1
 unless ! asc5t has be5 made j          
previ\sly1 & ! climb :e!r up or d[n is  
an excell5t te/ ( /yle4  ,a c\ple ( y>ds
 to ! left !re is an alt]native to !    
'rectangul> recess1' & x is kn[n z !    
',rift4' ,x is to be done by a wild     
/ruggle4 ,x 0 at "o "t ! wett] & h>d] ( 
! two ways1 b ! conditions are n[       
rev]s$4   ,old ,wall4--,on ! ea/ side ( 
! ,pill> ,rock a natural l9e ( rock runs
 d[n to ! head ( ,walk]'s ,gully1 hav+1 
h[ev]1 a n>r[ passage by means ( :i*    
%eep may rea* ! ,l[ ,man4 ,a hundr$ ye>s
 ago or m1 ! %eph]ds built a wall (     
loose /ones to /op ! %eep1 & ?\gh little
 ( ! wall rema9s1 ! "n cl+s to ! spot4  
,at "o "t ! ,nor?-ea/ ,r\te 0 usually   
spok5 ( z ! ,old ,wall ,way4            

,patri>*4--,by ?is "n ! ,rev4 ,james    
,jackson1 ( ,s&) 9 ,cumb]l&1 0 v widely 
kn[n4 ,x is an abbreviation ( "o :i* he 
himself inv5t$ & assum$--',patri>* ( !  
,pill>ites4' ,"s consid]able m5tion (   
him is made by ,mr4 ,williamson1 b 8    
read]s w be glad to h fur!r p>ticul>s1 =
 ?is 0 a man ( no ord9>y /amp4 ,born at 
,millom j be=e ! s]ies ( naval victories
 :i* clos$ ! eighte5? c5tury1 he pass$ 8
 boyhood 9 ! ?ick ( ! ,buonap>te /ruggle
 & %>$ 9 x p]sonally :5 a m]e lad4      
,h[ev]1 he soon *ang$ ! col\r ( 8 coat &
 ent]$ ! ,*ur*2 b long be=e 8 connection
 ) ! ,pill> he _h ceas$ to take any     
active "p 9 8 pr(ession4 ,!nce=w>d he   
liv$ at 8 ease1 amus+ himself by rambles
 & scrambles f> & ne> among ! fells4 ',i
 h knock$ ab\t1' he said himself1 'among
 ! m\nta9s ev] s9ce1 till ,i may almo/  
say ,i knaw iv'ry craag4' ,t he 0       
some:at ( an egoti/ _c be d5i$4 ,9 8    
lett]s z 9 8 poems 8 own feats =m !     
burd5 ( 8 song4 ,to ?is po9t all topics 
conv]g$ ) ! same c]ta9ty t all roads are

 said to lead to ,rome4 ,he 0 nev] tir$ 
( relat+ h[1 = in/ance1 9 8 sixty-n9?   
ye> he _h "o day walk$ #df miles 9      
#ad-a_/b h\rs1 on ! ?ird day foll[+ #ef 
miles 9 #ah h\rs1 & aft] a simil>       
int]val #fj miles 9 less ?an #bj h\rs1  
?us accompli%+ )9 "o week ?ree walks1   
any "o ( :i* might well knock up _m a   
man ( half 8 age2 h[1 on ano!r occasion1
 he _h f\nd two bre?r5 ( 8 own clo?     
/ruggl+ feebly to surm\nt ! difficulties
 ( ,rossett ,gill2 h[1 tak+ pity ^u _!  
t5d] ye>s1 he _h transf]r$ _! knapsacks 
to 8 own v5]able %\ld]s &1 /rid+ on     
be=e1 enc\rag$ !m to complete _! we>y   
task4 ,a man ag$ betwe5 sixty & sev5ty  
might fairly plume himself on su* an    
exploit4 ,he also rejoic$ greatly 9 !   
fact t he _h be5 ! fir/ /ud5t ( ,/4     
,bees ,college--a di/9ction ( :i*1 z he 
ju/ly said1 no "o c\ld ev] deprive him4 
,b ! feat on :i* he especially prid$    
himself 0 "o ( bodily activity4 ,dur+ ! 
?ird "p ( a c5tury he held ! liv+ (     
,riv+ton1 ne> ,bolton-le-,moors4 ,x     

*anc$ t ! wea!rcock ( 8 *ur* _h become  
loose1 & ! masons r %rank f ! risk ( go+
 up to secure x4 ,"h 0 an opportunity   
:i* our fri5d c\ld n =ego2 & ,riv+ton   
witness$ ! unwont$ spectacle ( a b5efic$
 cl]gyman ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& solemnly   
sw>m+ up 8 own /eeple & mak+ fa/ ! vane 
'"u circum/ances ( t]ror :i* made !     
workm5 recoil f ! task1 & ! gaz+ ru/ics 
turn sick ) horror at ! sight6' ,:ile   
walk+ pr\dly back to 8 p>sonage he      
compos$ a commemorative epigram :i* w   
be> quotation3       ,:o has n he>d (   
,/eeple ,jack1        ,t lion-he>t$     
,saxon8      ,?\gh ,i'm n he1 he 0 my   
sire1        ,= ,i am ',/eeple          
,jackson'6  ,inde$1 8 fancy 0 z lively z
 8 limbs 7 supple4 ,he 0 ev] on ! wat* =
 "s analogy or anti!sis2 ev] produc+ "s 
new allit]ation or epigram expressive ( 
su* contra/s z t betwe5 8 age & 8       
activity4 ,8 fav\rite description (     
himself 0 's5ex juv5ilis'--an idea :i*  
he frequ5tly put into ,engli%1 e4g43    
,if ?is 9 y\r m9d y w fix        ,:5 ,i 

make ! ,pill> my toy1      ,i 0 born 9  
#a1 #g1 #i1 #f1        ,& y'll ?9k me a 
nimble old boy4  ,on ! late ,mr4        
,maitl&1 a well-kn[n climb]1 z only     
second to himself 9 age & ard\r1 he     
be/[$ ! title ',maitl& ( ,_m ,m\nts' &  
',patri>* ,presumptive ( ! ,pill>ites4' 
,!re is no?+ /range 9 8 ?us designat+ a 
successor & be/[+ titles ( hon\r2 = ^!  
are matt] ( royal privilege1 & he look$ 
^u himself z ! ,m\nta9 ,mon>* & always  
expect$ climb]s to att5d 8 mimic c\rt & 
pay him homage4 ,b he _h _m a high-fl[n 
alias besides4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,p5dlebury came 
"u 8 notice he contra/$ himself ) !     
,s5ior ,wrangl]1 r neatly1 z ! ',s5ior  
,scrambl]'2 aft] 8 asc5t ( ! ,pill> he  
dubb$ himself ',/4 ,jacobus ,/ylites'2 &
 _m o!r titles are introduc$ into !     
occasional poems on :i* he exp5d$ mu* ( 
8 +5uity4  ,8 bodily p[]s 7 n all[$ to  
ru/ away4 ',my adopt$ motto1' he said1  
'is ,/>e nescio1' & "s idea ( 8 b\ndless
 love ( ent]prise may be =m$ f "o ( 8   
lett]s3 ',i h be5 twelve mon?s afloat on

 ! wide1 wide sea4 ,i h be5 b5ea? !     
falls ( ,niag>a4 ,i h sung ,god save !  
,k+ 9 ! hall ( ,/4 ,pet]'s2 ,i h asc5d$ 
,vesuvius 9 ! eruption ( #ahbh2 ,i h    
capp$ ,sn[don 9 ,wales & ,slieve ,don>d 
9 ,irel&1 & ne>ly all ! hills 9 ?is     
di/rict4444 ,x only rema9s = me to m\nt 
! ,pill> ,rock6' ,be=e ! end ( ! foll[+ 
,may ?is hope 0 gratifi$1 & a pr\d mom5t
 x 0 = ?is vet]an climb] :51 seat$      
s]5ely on ! summit1 he 0 able to record 
9 a ,greek inscription 7writt51 z he    
c>efully notes1 ')\t specs'7 8 asc5t ( !
 fam\s rock4 ,?9k ( ! life1 ! en]gy1 !  
det]m9ation t mu/ h be5 9 him6 ,ye>s    
seem$ to be p[]less to *eck ! curr5t ( 8
 blood4 ,:]e are we to look = ano!r ( 8 
age--he 0 n[ 9 8 eightie? ye>--%[+ any  
approa* to ! same comb9ation (          
ent]prise1 pluck & bodily vig\r8 ,x _c  
be wond]$ at t 8 success fill$ him ) !  
ke5e/ delight4 ,he wrote (f at once 9   
high glee to 8 fri5ds & felt q injur$   
if1 9 _! reply or _! delay 9 reply+1 he 
detect$ any sign ( indiff]5ce to 8      

exploit4 ,b true to 8 motto ',/>e       
nescio1' he 0 n cont5t ) ?is4 ,)9 a mon?
 we f9d him express+ a fe> t 8 title    
',patri>* ( ! ,pill>ites' might n be    
ackn[l$g$ by '! ,we/]n division ( !     
,ord]1' & ann\nc+ 8 int5tion ( climb+ ! 
,pill> f ! we/ also 9 ord] to secure 8  
claim4 ,he playfully proposes1 moreov]1 
t :ile he1 '! ag$ errant knight1' ) 8   
fai?ful squire toil$ up f ! we/1 a c]ta9
 fair ,pill>ite %\ld arrive at ! summit 
f ! ea/ & cr[n 8 success on ! spot by ! 
be/[al on him ( h] h& & he>t4 ,accord+  
to all approv$ prec$5t ! 'ag$ errant    
knight' ought to h b\nd 8 lady's fav\r  
ar\nd 8 cl]ical hat & rang$ ! m\nta9s   
extort+ f ! pass+ t\ri/ at ! po9t ( 8   
alp5/ock a confession ( h] pe]less      
beauty2 or = h] sake betak5 himself to !
 ,rock & !re pass$ nights ( vigil & days
 ( toil assi/+ di/ress$ damsels 9 !     
t]rible passage ( ! ',slab4' ,:atev] he 
did1 he made no attempt on ! we/ r\te4  
,p]haps despair ( ! rew>d _h cool$ 8    
zeal--zeal conditional l t ( ! ,h9doo   

tea*] :o1 :5 ask$ :e!r he pr(ess$ ! cre$
 :i* he 0 anxi\s to tea*1 naively       
repli$1 ',i am n a ,*ri/ian2 b ,i expect
 to be "o %ortly--if suffici5t inducem5t
 (f]s4'  ,!re is a sad & %>p contra/ 9  
turn+ f 8 high spirits & playful fancy  
to 8 sudd5 dea?4 ,x has be5 describ$    
else:]e4 ,?\gh f\rscore & two 0 7z he   
himself express$ x on ! v day ( 8 dea?7 
! 'h[dah' on 8 back1 x _c be said t !   
ev]-gr[+ h[dah _h cru%$ its be>]4 ,8    
vig\r 0 unimpair$4 ,l ,walt] ,ewbank1   
,to ! v la/1      ,he _h ! lighte/ foot 
9 ,enn]dale4  ,inde$1 ! same ?+ might h 
happ5$ to a boy4 ,x 0 an accid5t2 b x   
might be ra% to say t x 0 a mis=tune1 or
 t he w\ld himself h reg>d$ any o!r dea?
 z pref]able4 ,8 life _h already be5    
long] & m v>i$ ?an falls to ord9>y m52 b
 ! *ange c\ld n long h be5 delay$4 ,a   
few mon?s w\ld h se5 8 faculties fail+ &
 8 p[]s decay$4 ,to a man ( 8 habits &  
temp]am5t inaction w\ld h be5 ! mo/     
t]rible affliction1 & ?\gh he might h   
dragg$ on = ye>s1 8 /r5g? w\ld truly h  

be5 lab\r & sorr[4  ,two ye>s be=e he _h
 /ood close to ?is v spot4 ',almo/ all !
 m\nta9s1' he said1 ':i* ,i _h kn[n 9   
y\?1 9 manhood1 & 9 old age 7 visible1 &
 seem$ to give me a k9dly greet+ = auld 
lang syne4 ,9 ! f]v\r ( admiration ,i   
might h *ant$1 ,nunc dimittis1 ,dom9e1  
s]vum tuum 9 pace4' ,we may well believe
 t1 _h ! old man =ese5 8 fate1 he w\ld h
 gladly welcom$ x1 & h f\nd = x no fitt]
 place among all 8 belov$ m\nta9s ?an   
?is quiet cove almo/ )9 ! %ad[ ( !      
maje/ic rock4   ,patt]dale is a place   
:]e a climb] may sp5d a week or two )   
mu* enjoym5t1 ?\gh ! quality ( ! rocks  
is by no means fir/-rate4 ,x is ! be/   
c5tre = ,helvellyn1 ,fairfield1 & ,/4   
,sunday ,crag1 & conv5i5t = ,sw>?beck & 
! :ole ,high ,/reet range4 ,on ,place   
,fell1 f9e z x looks1 !re is n mu* wor? 
climb+4 ,deepdale & ,dov$ale are bo?    
wor? explor+4   ,pavey ,ark1 "o ( !     
,langdale ,pikes1 is easily rea*$ 9     
?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r f ,dungeon ,gill4  
,on x w be f\nd "s spl5did climb+1      

includ+ ! ,big ,gully1 ! ,little ,gully1
 ,jack's ,rake 7q4v471 & _m m9or po9ts (
 int]e/4 ,! two *ief gullies /& on ei!r 
side ( a buttress ( rock1 ! top ( :i*   
=ms a too? on ! sky l9e4 ,! ,little     
,gully is on ! s\? side ( x1 & is       
,v-%ap$1 giv+ a v /raight=w>d b pleasant
 climb4 ,b ! ,great ,gully has two      
consid]able difficulties1 "o l[ d[n & ! 
o!r ne> ! top4 ,! l[] is caus$ by a huge
 block cov]+ a consid]able cav]n4 ,! way
 is ei!r "r ?r\gh ! cav]n & out aga9    
?r\gh a n>r[ hole1 or up a high grassy  
bank on ! "r h&4 ,9 ei!r case a n>r[    
place is rea*$1 wall$ 9 betwe5 ! big    
block & a small] "o on ! "r h&4 ,"h !   
difficulty is t ! walls ne>ly meet t[>ds
 ! top1 s t x is necess>y1 9 ord] to get
 room = ! head1 to g r 'outside4'       
,h[ev]1 a second man ) a rope c hold !  
lead] v securely1 & a piece ( rock hav+ 
come away1 ! headroom is mu* m commodi\s
 ?an x us$ to be4 ,j bel[ ! level (     
,jack's ,rake !re are "s v 'brant &     
slape' incl9es ( wet or muddy rock1 :i* 

mo/ p consid] ! wor/ "p ( ! climb4 ,!re 
is v little hold1 & :at !re is 0 on !   
occasion ( ! fir/ asc5t lubricat$ by a  
film ( f9e mud4 ,on rea*+ ,jack's ,rake 
sev]al v>iations may be made1 & /raight 
ahead !re is a v neat little *imney4 ,^!
 upp] rocks are ( spl5did gripp+        
quality2 r\gh z a c['s tongue1 x w\ld be
 q difficult to make a slip on !m4 ,!   
,big ,gully 0 climb$ by ! writ] 9 !     
summ] ( #ahhb1 & ! small "o 9 ,june     
#ahhf4 ,9 ,m>* #ahhg ,mr4 ,sl+sby made a
 note ab\t ! =m] 9 ! ,wa/dale ,head     
book4 ,he says t x took 8 p>ty two h\rs 
& =ty m9utes1 b 8 e/imate ( ! height ( !
 gully at #a1cjj ft4 is m ?an d\ble ( ! 
tru?1 & mu/ be due to a slip ( ! p54    
,illu/ration3 ,,pavey ,,ark 7,,ne>      
,,view7 ,a1 ,n>r[ gully2 ,b1 ,big gully2
 ,c1 ,d1 ,small] gullies2 ,e1 ,wide     
scree gully4 ,f ! foot ( ,e to ,a runs  
,jack's ,rake4  ,9 ! book at ,millbeck  
!re is a note by ! same di/+ui%$ climb]1
 dat$ ,may #cj1 #ahhg1 9 :i* he records 
an asc5t ( ?is gully made by ,miss      

,mabel ,ha/+s1 & gives ! height ( x z   
#fjj or #fej ft4   ,p5ygh5t4--,! six? 9 
height ( ! ,york%ire hills1 b long      
suppos$1 on acc\nt ( its f9] %ape1 to be
 ! highe/ ( !m all4 ,z late z #aggj x 0 
reckon$ at #c1icj ft4 ,x c be asc5d$ f  
,horton /ation 9 little ov] an h\r4     
,celtic s*ol>s revel 9 ! "n2 !y         
practically agree t x means 'head (     
some?+1' b _c accept ea* o!r's views z  
to :at t some?+ is4 ,:5 ,defoe 0 9 ?is  
neighb\rhood he saw 'no?+ b high        
m\nta9s1 :i* _h a t]rible aspect1 & m   
frightful ?an any 9 ,monm\?%ire or      
,d]by%ire1 especially ,p5g5t ,hill4'    
,pi]s ,gill1 9 ,wa/dale1 on ! nor? front
 ( ,l+mell1 has a va/ lit]ature ( its   
own4 ,z a rock rav9e1 n 9 lime/one1 x is
 only second to ,deep ,gill on ,scafell 
& ! great gully 9 ! ,wa/wat] ,screes1   
bo? ( :i* are f> less easy ( access ?an 
?is1 :i* c be rea*$ f ,wa/dale ,head 9  
half an h\r4 ,! difficulties dep5d      
entirely on ! quantity ( wat]4 ,"o1 !   
'cave pit*1' may be pass$ at ! co/ ( a  

wett+ almo/ at any "t2 b above x is     
ano!r1 kn[n z ! ',bridge ,fall1' f a va/
 column ( fall5 rock :i* spans ! /ream a
 few y>ds above x1 :i* is at all times  
difficult1 & 9 n9ete5 seasons out (     
tw5ty :olly impossible4  ,until !       
unprec$5t$ dr\ght ( #ahic x _h nev] be5 
climb$4 ,ev5 !n a less brilliant climb] 
?an ,dr4 ,colli] w\ld sc>cely h succe$$4
 ,8 asc5t 0 made on ,april #bi1 #ahic1 &
 8 companions 7 ,messrs4 ,w9s]1 ,w4     
,jones1 & ,fairbairn4 ,! big pit* 0 f\nd
 to be #dj or #ej ft4 high1 ! l[e/ "p ( 
x app>5tly ov]hang+4 ,! fir/ few feet 7 
climb$ ab\t ?ree feet to ! "r ( ! fall+ 
wat]1 aft] :i* ! lead] 0 able to rea* ! 
o!r side ( ! gill by /ret*+ 8 left foot 
across x j outside ! wat]4 ,by ?is means
 ?is great & hi!rto insup]able          
difficulty 0 ov]come4 ,unless we are    
ent]+ on a cycle ( dry seasons1 !       
exploit is "o :i* w n be repeat$ = "s   
"t4  ,v>i\s accid5ts & m9or mi%aps h    
tak5 place 9 ,pi]s ,gill4 ,"o is        
describ$ by ,mr4 ,payn1 & ! injur$ man  

01 ,i believe1 a %eph]d call$ ,tom      
,hale4 ,mr4 ,w4,o4 ,burr[s _h a bad fall
 above ! bridge1 & p desc5d+ f ! ,pikes 
are (t5 p\nd$ ab\t ! same spot4 ,"s ye>s
 ago a t\ri/ _h to pass ! night 9 ! gill
 )\t food1 b prote/$ t he 0 'q consol$  
by ! beautiful sc5]y4' ,! discov]y ( !  
r\te up ! ea/ side ( ! ,pill> ,rock 0 )9
 an ace ( be+ delay$ = ye>s1 ow+ to ! b&
 ( bold explor]s :o 7 to "w x out becom+
 entangl$ 9 ,pi]s ,gill :ile on _! way  
to ,wa/dale ,head4  ,! "n is spelt      
',pease' by ,mr4 ,payn & by mo/ ( ! e>ly
 au?orities1 & judg+ by ! analogy ( o!r 
places 9 ! ,nor? ( ,engl& ?is w\ld appe>
 to be m correct4   ,pike o' ,/ickle1   
also kn[n z ,/eel ,pike & sometimes z ! 
,sug>loaf1 drops into ,langdale f ! nor?
 9 "o cont9u\s slope1 :i* = l5g? &      
/eepness has n _m rivals 9 ,engl&4 ,!   
top piece ( ! hill is curi\sly          
symmetrical1 & resembles a haycock or a 
?imble4 ,x is n easy to f9d satisfactory
 climbs on x4 ,mr4 ,gwynne says ( x3 ',a
 v f9e peak1 t1 view$ f ! valley1 has v 

mu* ! appe>ance ( ! ,mo5*4 ,x runs d[n  
t[>ds ! ,/ake ,pass 9 a spur1 :i* mu/ be
 ! />t+-po9t ( mo/ ( ! climbs on ?is    
m\nta94 ,!re is a curi\s gully "h1 too1 
:i* is wor?y ( ! climb]'s att5tion4 ,x  
does n run f top to bottom1 b sudd5ly   
beg9s ab\t ! middle ( ! crag4 ,!        
difficulty is to get at ?is gully1 & "s 
pretty climb+ c be obta9$ 9 ! attempt4' 
,pill> ,rock4--,!re are b ?ree          
directions f :i* ! ,pill> is commonly   
approa*$--namely1 ,enn]dale             
7,gill]?waite71 ,butt]m]e1 & ,wa/dale   
,head4 ,9 ea* case ! guide-books 7except
 ,baddeley's7 exhibit a suspici\s %yness
 ( specify+ any "t = ! walk4 ,:]ev] !   
pres5t writ] gives times1 !y mu/ be     
und]/ood to be ! quicke/ ( :i* he happ5s
 to h made any note2 = ! be/ te/ ( times
 is a 'r$uctio ad m9ima4' ,a j\rney may 
be indef9itely prolong$1 b x _c be      
%ort5$ beyond a c]ta9 limit2 ?us1       
,scafell ,pike _c be rea*$ f ,wa/dale   
,head 9 mu* less ?an #fj m9utes ( h>d   
go+1 :ile ! walk up ! ,pill> ,fell _c be

 cut d[n mu* bel[ #ge m9utes4 ,?is      
supplies u ) a tru/wor?y comp>ison1     
al?\gh = a hot day t pace is n to be    
recomm5d$2 9 ea* case d\ble ! "t is n m 
?an a fair all[ance4 ,nev] let y\rself  
be hurri$ at />t+1 come home z h>d z ev]
 y l2 x is ! *amois-hunt]'s sy/em1 & by 
f> ! be/4 ,baddeley seems to rev]se !   
pr9ciple1 = he all[s #b to #b-a_/b h\rs 
= ! asc5t via ,black ,sail1 & says t x  
is %ort] by ,w9d ,gap2 yet = ! desc5t f 
,w9d ,gap 7:i* is1 say1 #bj m9utes %ort 
( ! summit7 he gives z a fair all[ance  
#b to #c h\rs4 ,p]haps he pref]r$ con=m+
 to :at is app>5tly ! approv$ fox-hunt+ 
/yle3  ,illu/ration3 ,,pill> ,,rock ,a1 
,b1 ,summits ( ,%amrock2 ,c1 ,%amrock   
gully2 ,d1 ,pisgah2 ,e1 ,high ,man2 ,g1 
,curta92 ,h1 ,/eep ,grass2 ,i1 ,foot (  
,great ,*imney2 ,i1 ,k1 ,walk]'s gully2 
,j1 ,l[ ,man2 ,l1 ,j1 ,we/ r\te2 ,m1    
,wat]fall2 ,n1 ,i1 ,ea/ ,scree4         
,h>kaway6 ,see1 %e's (f6 ,o'er hill &   
?r\gh :ol        ,we spank till we're   
gaily n> done1      ,?an1 h+an a lip l a

 mo!rless fwol1        ,sl$d] heammw>d1 
b nit 9 a run4  ,illu/ration3 ,,pill>   
,,rock ,,f ,,! ,,nor? ,a1 ,high ,man2   
,b1 ,l[ ,man2 ,c1 ,%amrock2 ,d1 ,walk]'s
 gully2 ,e1 ,bel[ ?is is ! wat]fall4 ,! 
t]race runs pa/ ! foot ( ,walk]'s gully 
to ! foot ( ! wat]fall4  ,illu/ration3  
,,pill> ,,rock ,,f ,,! ,,s\? ,a1 ,top ( 
rock & ( ,we/ ,jordan climb2 ,b1 ,top ( 
,c5tral ,jordan climb2 ,c1 ,top ( ,ea/  
,jordan climb2 ,d1 ,g1 ,! ,curta92 ,e1  
,! ,not*2 ,f1 ,! ,l$ge4 ,! mass ( rock 9
 ! =egr\nd is ,pisgah4  ,f ,enn]dale3 ,f
 ,gill]?waite1 a f>mh\se ne>ly a mile & 
a half above ! lake1 ! ,pill> is n f>   
di/ant2 b ! direct way is exce$+ly r\gh1
 & x w be f\nd be/ to make use ( ! pa?  
up ,w+ate ,cove1 skirt+ r\nd ! m\nta91  
:5 by t means a consid]able height has  
be5 ga9$4 ,! way is s r\gh t _m p ?9k x 
an economy ( lab\r to g "r on up ! gap1 
& !n left ov] ! summit ( ! m\nta94  ,"o 
( ! be/ ways ( approa*+ ! ,pill> is to  
sleep at ! little inn at ! foot ( ! lake
 & r[ up f !re to ! wat] head4 ,= walk+ 

! :ole way f ! inn to ! fell-top        
,baddeley all[s #c to #c-a_/b h\rs4  ,f 
,butt]m]e3 ,aft] cross+ ,sc>f ,gap "s   
keep to ! track z f> z ! summit ( !     
,black ,sail ,pass1 & !n turn to ! "r up
 ! ridge ( ! ,pill> ,fell1 :ile o!rs    
adopt ! m labori\s plan ( work+ upw>ds  
aft] desc5d+ ! valley until ne>ly       
opposite ! ,rock1 :i* 9 ?is way is      
c]ta9ly se5 to mu* great] advantage4 ,if
 ! return be made by way ( ! m\nta9     
ridge1 "s little "t may be sav$ by      
desc5d+ into ,enn]dale d[n ,gre5 ,cove1 
ne>ly half a mile %ort ( ,black ,sail & 
#bej ft4 high]2 = ,black ,sail1 be+ mu* 
ne>] ! head ( ! valley ?an ei!r ,sc>f   
,gap or ! ,pill>1 c only be us$ = go+ f 
"o to ! o!r at ! exp5se ( mak+ a        
consid]able det\r4 ,= ! asc5t1 h[ev]1   
,gre5 ,cove is n s decid$ly recomm5d$1 z
 _m w pref] to make ! r\nd by ! regul>  
pass = ! sake ( ! m gradual rise4  ,f   
,wa/dale3 ,! va/ majority ( visitors    
come f ?is direction1 & almo/ all foll[ 
! same track1 plodd+ up f ,mos$ale to ! 

top ( ,black ,sail & !n turn+ left along
 ! ridge ( ! m\nta94 ,mos$ale1 by ! way1
 mu/ n be confus$ ) any ( ! num]\s o!r  
valleys ( ! same "n3 x sometimes appe>s 
9 ! =m ',moresdale' or ',mossdale'      
7,moos-?al1 ne> ,laiba* 9 ,au/ria1 is   
exactly p>allel71 & g5]ally indicates   
sc5]y ( a dre>y "*2 = su* valleys are   
(t51 z 9 ?is case1 ! half-dra9$ b$s (   
anci5t lakes1 by ! loss ( :i* ! sc5]y   
has s]i\sly suff]$4  ,illu/ration3      
,,pill> ,,fell  ,ladies :o asc5d by     
,black ,sail w f9d x be/ to keep to !   
pa? z long z possible1 i4e4 z f> z ! top
 ( ! pass1 b o!rs may save some?+ by    
brea/+ ! hill on ! left soon aft] rea*+ 
,ga!r/one ,head1 app>5tly a glaci] m\nd1
 :i* rises j beyond :]e ! track crosses 
! /ream 7,ga!r/one ,beck7 :i* comes d[n 
f ! pass4  ,on rea*+ ! ridge x is no    
d\bt saf]1 especially if !re be mi/     
ab\t1 = ^? :o are n famili> ) ! way to g
 "r on to ! flat top ( ! m\nta92 ! prop]
 po9t f :i* to comm5ce ! desc5t is      
easily f\nd1 9 all wea!rs1 by foll[+ !  

compass-ne$le f ! cairn to ! edge ( !   
m\nta92 a r\gh & /eep desc5t ( #djj ft4 
foll[s1 :i* 9 w9t] dem&s consid]able    
c>e4 ,at fir/ ! c\rse is to ! "r1 b x   
soon /rikes a small ridge :i* curves d[n
 to ! ,rock4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a wa/e (     
lab\r to asc5d to ! summit ( ! m\nta9 at
 all4 ,! ridge ( ! m\nta9 is divid$ into
 /eps1 & at ! foot ( ! upp]mo/ ( ^! a   
deep cove call$ ,great ,d\p is se5 on ! 
"r4 ,x may be recognis$ ev5 9 a mi/1 z x
 is j beyond a curi\s rock runn+ out ) a
 n>r[ edg$ top _m feet f ! hill-side4   
,less ?an #ajj y>ds d[n ! ,d\p ! fall+  
scree has ne>ly buri$ ! cairn & iron    
cross erect$ to ! memory ( ! ,rev4      
,james ,jackson4 ,beyond ?is1 z soon z !
 big rocks on ! left p]mit1 ! track     
skirts r\nd1 & aft] "o or two ups & d[ns
 comes into full view ( ! fam\s ,rock4  
,if1 h[ev]1 ! object be to rea* ! nor?  
or l[e/ side ( ! ,rock1 x is n necess>y 
to desc5d into ,enn]dale f ,black ,sail2
 = !re is ! ,high ,level1 a f9e scramble
 all along ! brea/ ( ! m\nta9 f ,gre5   

,cove--! fir/ l>ge holl[ on ! "r1 j     
beyond ,look+/eads2 b ! way is r        
intricate1 & unless prop]ly hit (f      
involves consid]able fatigue & loss (   
"t4 ,at ! v lea/ half an h\r w be       
requir$ 9 ei!r direction1 & a /rang] w  
c]ta9ly take mu* long]4  ,^? :o are     
anxi\s to pursue 't' ba9e/ rwoad' may   
save t5 m9utes or m 9 ! walk f ,wa/dale 
by mak+ use ( ,w9d ,gap at ! head (     
,mos$ale4 ,h>d "w x und5iably is1 b m   
%ady ?an ,black ,sail1 &--:5 ! way is   
famili>1 ?\gh no "o c g v f> wrong1     
unless he cl+s to ! ma9 valley too long 
& goes up to ,blackem 7,black ,combe7   
,head--quick] also1 occupy+ ab\t n9ety  
m9utes4 ,mr4 ,james ,payn calls x       
7poetically7 'a sort ( p]p5dicul>       
%aft--a *imney su* z no sweep w\ld      
adv5ture1 b w\ld use ! ma*9e--:i* is    
said to be ! dalesman's pass into       
,enn]dale2 y may ?ank y\r />s t x is n  
y\r pass4'  ,x really adds little to !  
lab\r ( ?is way & af=ds a f> f9] walk if
 ! complete circuit ( ,mos$ale be made  

along ! hill-tops4 ,asc5d+ beh9d ! inn &
 keep+ r\nd j "u ,/irrup ,crag--! nor?  
end ( ,yewb>r[1 ,dore ,head is soon     
rea*$1 & x is easy walk+ by ! ,*air1 ,r$
 ,pike1 ,black ,crag & ,w9d ,gap on to !
 ,pill> ,fell4  ,= ! return to ,wa/dale 
,w9d ,gap is v r\gh & h>dly to be       
recomm5d$4 ,mr4 ,baddeley is n v        
consi/5t ab\t x1 = he says1 '! be/      
desc5t is by ,w9dy ,gap'2 b aga91 '!    
desc5t f ,w9dy ,gap to ,wa/dale is1 =   
reasons /at$ be=e1 unsatisfactory'2 &   
!reupon he recomm5ds ,black ,sail4 ,!   
latt] gives a rapid desc5t--! inn may be
 rea*$ 9 tw5ty-five m9utes f ! top ( !  
pass2 b a quick] return may be made by  
cross+ ! ridge aft] em]g+ f ,great ,d\p1
 & %oot+ d[n ,wi/[ ,crags into ,mos$ale 
by a l>ge gully fill$ ) delici\sly f9e  
scree4  ,%\ld x be pref]r$ to make !    
circuit ( ,mos$ale on ! return j\rney1  
an equally f9e glissade may be enjoy$ f 
,dore ,head2 b ! screes require judici\s
 selection & dext]ity on ! "p ( ! slid]4
  ,illu/ration3 ,,pill> ,,rock ,,f ,,!  

,,we/ ,a1 ,summit ( ,high ,man2 ,b1     
,pisgah2 ,c1 ,l[ ,man2 ,d1 ,jordan ,gap4
 ,! ,we/ r\te asc5ds f ?is side to !    
depression betwe5 ,a & ,c4  ,x may "h be
 said t /\t walk]s may visit all !      
m\nta9s ( ,wa/dale ,head 9 "o day       
com=tably1 & 9 few places is a f9] walk 
to be f\nd4 ,/>t1 say1 at #aj ,a4,m4 =  
,scafell2 !n1 by ,mickl$oor1 ! ,pike1   
,great ,end1 ,/y ,head1 ,great ,gable & 
,kirkfell to ! ,pill>1 return+ 9 ! mann]
 describ$ above 9 "t = d9n]4 ,9 ,june   
#ahfd1 z ,ritson's ,visitors' ,book     
records1 ,j4,m4 ,elliott1 ( ,tr94 ,coll4
 ,camb41 made ?is r\nd1 includ+ ,/eeple 
& ,yewb>r[1 & f\nd t x took eight & a   
half h\rs2 probably1 h[ev]1 he came ov] 
,/irrup ,crag & n ,yewb>r[ top1 :i* w\ld
 entail some?+ l ?ree miles extra walk+4
 ,he approa*$ ,scafell by way (         
,mickl$oor1 return+ f x to ! same po9t1 
& ^? :o d n "k ! ,broad ,/& well _h     
bett] foll[ 8 example2 = x is a bit ( a 
climb1 & ! desc5t especially is n easy  
to f9d4 ,by go+ to ,mickl$oor fir/ 7&   

!re is no %ort] way to ,scafell7 ea* man
 c see :at he has be=e him1 & decide =  
himself :e!r x w\ld n be bett] to leave 
,scafell out ( 8 programme4  ,be=e ent]+
 into ! hi/ory ( ! ,pill> x is almo/    
indisp5sable to give a %ort g5]al       
description ( its ma9 features 9 ord] to
 assi/ ! compreh5sion ( ! facts n>rat$4 
,difficult z x mu/ always be to f9d an  
image :i* %all supply a /rang] ) any    
cle> idea ( a mass s irregul> &         
unsymmetrical z ?is1 yet its g5]al      
appe>ance & ! arrangem5t ( its p>ts may 
be r\ghly appreh5d$ 9 ! foll[+          
mann]3--,imag9e a l>ge two-gabl$ *ur*   
plant$ on ! side ( a /eep hill4 ,f !    
we/]n & l(ti] gable let !re rise1 at !  
end ne>e/ ! m\nta91 a /unt$ t[]4 ,f9ally
 let ! build+ be %att]$ & all b ov]:elm$
 "u an avalan*e ( debris4 ,:at w be !   
effect8 ,naturally ! /ream ( /ones w be 
mu* deep] above ?an bel[1 &1 :ile ne>ly 
bury+ ! t[] & upp] ends ( ! ro(1 w fl[  
along betwe5 ! two gables & run (f1 z   
ra9wat] w\ld d1 at ! f> end4 ,angul>    

fragm5ts1 h[ev]1 rema9 at re/ unless !  
slope is v /eep1 & consequ5tly a long   
talus w be =m$ slop+ d[n to ! br9k ( !  
sudd5 drop at an angle ( some?+ l #de   
degrees4 ,"h we h a fair repres5tation (
 ! ,pill> mass3 ! t[] w be ! ,high ,man1
 & ! gable f :i* x rises ! ,l[ ,man4 ,x 
w be readily und]/ood t ! second gable  
may be a s\rce ( "s confusion to ^? :o  
are ignorant t !re is m ?an "o1 & f "s  
po9ts may disguise or altoge!r conceal !
 t[]4 ,?is is :y x is call$ ! ,%am      
,rock2 b x is only f bel[ t x w\ld be   
recognis$ z "p ( ! ,pill> mass1 = f     
above x is :olly insignificant4 ,:5     
view$ f imm$iately bel[1 ! t[] is       
conceal$ beh9d ! gable f :i* x rises1 & 
! :ole mass ( rock be>s a r\gh          
resemblance to ! lett] ,m2 b f above1 ! 
,high ,man1 ) :i* alone ! climb] f ! ea/
 side has to reckon1 is also ! only "p (
 ! rock :i* he is likely to obs]ve4 ,!  
result is t1 :5 ! ,l[ ,man is m5tion$ to
 anyone :o kn[s only ! ,easy ,way1 !    
reply is usually on ! model ( ! poet    

,wordswor?'s only joke3 ',:y1 my good   
man1 till ?is mom5t ,i 0 n ev5 aw>e t   
!re 0 a ,l[ ,man6' ,yet ! ,l[ ,man is by
 f> ! f9] object ( ! two1 & its cliffs  
are at lea/ six times z high z ^? ( :at 
is call$ ! ,high ,man4 ,! only side f   
:i* ! latt] %[s a respectable elevation 
is ! we/1 :]e ! scree lies mu* l[]1     
because x has a free escape1 in/ead (   
be+ p5t up betwe5 ! two gables l ! ea/  
scree4  ,9 w9t]-"t1 :5 ! inequalities   
are all smoo!d ov] ) a %eet ( h>d sn[1  
bo? sides ( ! rock are r dang]\s1 b     
especially ! ea/]n1 :]e a man :o slipp$ 
w\ld h ! greate/ difficulty 9 /opp+     
himself be=e he %ot ov] ! precipit\s    
gully at ! end4 ,?is gully 7occupy+1 z x
 71 ! place ( ! wat]-pipe7 is kn[n1 9   
allusion to an accid5t :i* occurr$ !re 9
 #ahhc1 z ,walk]'s ,gully4  ,:5 ! "q    
arises ( h[ to climb ! ,high ,man1 x is 
obvi\s t ! scree j above x w be ! ne>e/ 
po9t to ! summit2 b equally obvi\s t !  
climb1 ?\gh %ort1 w\ld be ne>ly v]tical4
 ,! plan :i* at once sugge/s itself =   

gett+ to ! top is to "w r\nd to ! back (
 ! rock & climb x f ! top ( ! ridge     
beh9d4 ,! ridge may be rea*$ f ei!r     
side1 & 9 ?is fact we h ! secret ( two (
 ! mo/ important climbs4  ,s mu* = !    
g5]al appe>ance ( ! ,pill>2 b ! "p :i*  
admits ( ! easie/ & mo/ v>i$ attack is !
 ea/ wall ( ! ,high ,man1 & ( ?is side x
 is necess>y to give a m detail$        
description4 ,?is "p ( ! rock is ! only 
"o :i* is at all well kn[n to ! g5]al   
public1 & its *ief features1 be+ well   
m>k$1 h = ! mo/ "p receiv$1 by common   
cons5t ( climb]s1 di/9ctive names4 ,9   
ord] to see ! =mation ( ! rock prop]ly x
 is well wor? ! climb]'s :ile to desc5d 
= a few y>ds & m\nt ! ,%am ,rock on !   
o!r side ( ! ea/ scree4 ,! peculi>      
/ructure ( ! opposite wall may n[ be    
cle>ly se54  ,illu/ration3 ,,pill>      
,,rock ,,f ,,! ,,s\?-,,ea/ ,a1 ,pisgah2 
,b1 ,jordan2 ,c1 ,summit2 ,d1 ,top (    
,curta92 ,e1 ,corn] betwe5 ! ,curta9 & !
 ma9 rock4  ,on our left h&1 betwe5 !   
m\nta9 & ! rock1 is se5 an outly+ mass  

sev]$ f ! ,high ,man by a deep squ>e-cut
 gap4 ,:5 ! ,pill> is look$ at f !      
direction ( ! m\nta9-top1 ?is gap is    
entirely conceal$ by ! outly+ piece1 :i*
 !n appe>s to pres5t a fairly easy way  
direct to ! summit4 ',! climb] 7says    
,mr4 ,williamson7 m\nts gaily & )       
confid5ce1 only to f9d himself cut (f f 
! ,high ,man by an impassable cleft4'   
,he sees x inde$ ) 8 eyes1 b he _c g up 
?i!r4 ,h5ce ! names--,pisgah = ! false  
rock1 & ,jordan = ! *asm4 ,a v well-kn[n
 ,pill>ite once propos$ to bridge !     
cleft ) a plank or ladd] & hold a       
tea-p>ty on ! top4 ,?is v orig9al idea 0
 n c>ri$ into execution1 b c]ta9ly1 )\t 
"s su* application1 ! passage ( ,jordan 
,gap is a =midable und]tak+2 = ! nor?   
wall is only less v]tical ?an ! o!r1 &  
?\gh b>ely #fj ft4 high--n mu* m1 t is1 
?an half z mu* z mu/ be climb$ by any   
o!r r\te--?is is decid$ly "o ( ^? cases 
9 :i* ! long] way r\nd w prove to be !  
%ort] way up4  ,on ! extreme "r--& r    
bel[ u--is ! ne>ly level top ( ! ,l[    

,man2 :ile n f> f :]e brok5 cliffs lead 
up to ! high] rock a curi\s natural po/ 
/&+ on ! ridge m>ks ! po9t f :i* a small
 deep *annel is se5 to come d[n t[>ds   
,walk]'s ,gully4 ,?is *annel is ( small 
importance1 except t high up on ! s\!rn 
bank ( x ! glaci] m>k+s are mo/ di/9ctly
 to be se54 ,! *annel itself soon curves
 m t[>ds ! nor? & plunges ov] ! fe>ful  
cliff :i* faces ! ,liza1 =m+ ! key to ! 
great climb on t face4 ,f ! foot (      
,jordan ,gap a broad smoo? slope ( rock 
runs horizontally along ! face ( ! ,high
 ,man1 giv+ to x some:at ! =mation ( !  
'p5t-h\se wall' ( a t5nis c\rt4 ,!      
/eepness ( ! scree1 :i* runs d[n f left 
to "r be=e our feet1 makes ! drop f ?is 
slope mu* great] at ! ,l[ ,man end2 b x 
w give no false idea ( ?is side to say  
t1 r\ghly speak+1 ! cliff is brok5 into 
?ree fairly equal portions1 ( ab\t #fj  
ft4 ea*1 namely1 a v]tical wall above1  
connect$ ) a /eep & rugg$ "p bel[ by a  
smoo? /ret* slop+ at an angle n f> %ort 
( #dj degrees4 ,! importance ( ?is      

'p5t-h\se' is v great2 =1 z x gives an  
easy passage "r across ?is face ( !     
rock1 e climb :i* is possible f bel[ may
 be cut into f ! side1 & ?us m ?an half 
! lab\r ( ! asc5t is sav$4 ,inde$1 any  
m\nta9 :i* all[s its entire front to be 
trav]s$ 9 ?is way by a passable l$ge    
exposes e weak po9t 9 s reckless a mann]
 t ! attack becomes m>vell\sly          
simplifi$4  ,la/ly %\ld be notic$ two   
r\gh curta9s ( rock :i* run d[n f ! top 
( ! ,/one ne> ! c5tre1 & enclose betwe5 
!m :at is call$ ! ,great ,*imney4 ,?is  
*imney is ! key to ! climb on ?is side4 
,! curta9 on ! s\? ( x is ! only "o :i* 
is at all complete1 & z x =ms a k9d (   
arete runn+ up to ! summit1 x is kn[n   
indiff]5tly by ei!r "n--! ,curta9 or !  
,arete4  ,! easie/ way to picture to    
oneself ! features ( ! ,great ,*imney is
 to imag9e a huge arm*air1 ! 'seat' (   
:i* measures #bj y>ds f back to front & 
is tipp$ uncom=tably =w>d & d[nw>d at an
 angle ( ne>ly #de degrees4 ,! ,curta9  
=ms ! "r 'arm1' & f a level ) ! top ( ! 

'back1' :i* is #ej ft4 high1 runs d[n v 
ne>ly b n q z f> z ! front edge ( !     
'seat4' ,9 ! n>r[ space ?us left lies ! 
,l$ge1 :i* makes x possible to pass r\nd
 "u ! end ( ! arm & ga9 ! 'seat1' :i* is
 call$ ! ,/eep ,grass4 ,! same po9t may 
also be rea*$ by climb+1 z an alt]native
 to ! ,l$ge1 ov] ! l[] "p ( ! 'arm'     
?r\gh a deep nick--! ,not*2 & 9 ei!r    
case ! jo9t betwe5 'arm' & 'back1' be+  
badly crack$1 (f]s an easy way 7! 'small
 *imney' or 'jamm$-/one *imney'7 ( rea*+
 ! top ( ! back1 :i* is ! edge ( a small
 plateau =m+ ! summit ( ! ,high ,man4   
,la/ly1 x %\ld be notic$ t ! ,/eep      
,grass c only be rea*$ f bel[ by a sev]e
 climb ( #gj ft4--! ,great ,*imney      
climb4  ,! side f :i* ! ,pill> is       
commonly climb$ is n t by :i* ! summit 0
 fir/ atta9$4 ,! fir/ successful attempt
 0 made f ! ,we/1 & x is d\btful :e!r = 
a qu>t] ( a c5tury any o!r r\te 0 kn[n4 
,b on ! discov]y ( ! ,easy ,way ! old]  
r\te 0 =gott51 & n[ enjoys a reputation 
= difficulty :i* is n des]v$3 x is look$

 ^u z "s little di/9ction to h          
accompli%$ x4 ,9 ! preface to "o (      
,wordswor?'s poems ! ye> #ahbf is       
m5tion$ z ! date ( ! fir/ asc5t4 ,?is is
 confirm$ by a comp>ison ( ! second &   
?ird editions ( ,otley's ',guide' 7#ahbe
 & #ahbg71 9 ! =m] ( :i* ! rock is      
decl>$ unclimbable1 :ile ! latt] m5tions
 ! victory ( 'an adv5tur\s %eph]d4' ,!  
successful climb] 0 n1 h[ev]1 a %eph]d1 
b a coop]1 nam$ ,atk9son1 & liv+ at     
,cr(tfoot1 9 ,enn]dale4 ,x is likely t 8
 adv5tur\s s\l may h be5 fir$ by        
,otley's decl>ation t ! rock 0          
inaccessible4 ,! p]sev]ance ( a fri5d   
has hunt$ out a contempor>y notice ( !  
asc5t 9 ! c\nty pap]1 :i* rem>ks t1     
'?\gh ! und]tak+ has be5 attempt$ by    
?\s&s1 x 0 always rel9qui%$ z hopeless4'
 ,?is proves1 at all ev5ts1 t ev5 !n !  
rock _h a reputation4 ,subjo9$ is a li/ 
( ^? :o h foll[$ on ,atk9son's track1 s 
f> z is kn[n1 up to #ahgc3       ,j4    
,colebank 7%eph]d72      ,w4 ,tyson     
7%eph]d71 & ,j4 ,brai?waite 7%eph]d72   

,lieut4 ,wilson1 ,r4,n42      ,c4,a4,o4 
,baumg>tn]2      ,m4 ,bea*cr(t & ,c4    
,tuck]4  ,summ>is+ ! v>i\s me?ods (     
asc5d+ ! rock1 we may say t ! we/ side  
fir/ yield$ 9 #ahbf2 ! ea/ side probably
 ab\t #ahfj2 ! s\? side 9 #ahhb1 & !    
nor? side 9 #ahia4 ,! ,easy ,way 7z x is
 g5]ally call$7 on ! ea/ side 0 discov]$
 9 #ahfc by a p>ty ( ,cambridge m5 l$ by
 ,mr4 ,conybe>e1 & ,mr4 ,a4,j4 ,butl]1 !
 late editor ( ! ,alp9e ,j\rnal4 ,mr4   
,leslie ,/eph5 _h visit$ ! rock e>li] 9 
t ye> )\t f9d+ a way up x1 b 9 #ahfe he 
0 m successful1 & wrote an acc\nt ( x 9 
,ritson's book2 ! acc\nt1 z usual1 0    
fir/ defac$ & aft]w>ds /ol54 ,! ,nor!a/1
 or ,old ,wall1 way 0 discov]$ by ,mat!w
 ,b>nes1 ! ,keswick guide1 :ile ) ,mr4  
,graves1 ( ,man*e/]4 ,! c5tral & we/]n  
climbs f ,jordan 7 done by ! writ] 9    
#ahhb1 z 0 ! ea/]n "o 9 #ahhd1 ! la/ be+
 sc>cely ju/ifiable "u any circum/ances1
 & especially )\t a rope4 ,! direct     
climb ( ! ,great ,*imney 7/>t+ on ! s\? 
wall ( x7 0 done ab\t ! same "t1 &      

curi\sly en\gh--= x is safe &           
comp>atively easy--does n appe> to h be5
 done s9ce4 ,! long climb on ! nor? face
 0 accompli%$ by ,messrs4 ,ha/+s1       
,sl+sby1 & ! writ] 9 #ahia4 ,x has be5  
describ$ 9 an illu/rat$ article 9 ,black
 & ,:ite 7,june #d1 #ahib71 & by ,mr4   
,gwynne 9 ! ,pall ,mall ,budget4 ,x %\ld
 n be t\*$ except by exp]i5c$ climb]s4  
,p9nacle ,bield1 on ! ea/ side (        
,gl>am>a1 is a rocky "p ( ! m\nta9 & a  
fam\s /ronghold = foxes4 ,on ! way up f 
,lang/ra? !re is a v /eep bit = ab\t    
#ejj ft4   ,pisgah4--,a "n giv5 9 #ahhb 
to ! outly+ rock on ! s\? side ( !      
,pill> ,rock1 f :i* x is sev]$ by an all
 b impassable *asm1 n se5 until x b>s ! 
way4 ,! t]m has 9 subsequ5t ye>s be5    
appli$ almo/ g5]ically4   ,pit*3 any    
sudd5 drop 9 ! c\rse ( a rock gully1    
usually caus$ by "s l>ge /one *ok+ !    
*annel & p5n+ back ! loose /ones beh9d  
x4 ,su* a /one is !n said to be 'jamm$1'
 'w$g$1' or 'pit*$1' & is sometimes     
call$ a '*ock/one' 7q4v474   ,pot-holes 

are frequ5t 9 ! ,york%ire lime/one4 ,!  
riv]s = consid]able di/ances h und]gr\nd
 c\rses4 ,at ea* spot :]e ! ro( ( "o (  
^! tunnels happ5s to fall 9 a 'pot-hole'
 is produc$4 ,!y are v num]\s ab\t      
,settle & ,clapham4 ,"s are ( v great   
dep? & c only be explor$ ) ! aid ( mu*  
cordage & _m lights4 ,! explor] (       
pot-holes has to face all ! p]ils (     
sev]e rock climb+1 &1 moreov]1 to face  
!m = ! mo/ "p 9 ! d>k4 ,x w\ld be h>d to
 imag9e any?+ m weird ?an "o ( ^!       
d>ksome j\rneys1 r5d]$ d\bly impressive 
by ! ro> ( unse5 wat]s & ! k t abrupt   
pit*es ( va/ dep? are apt to occur 9 !  
c\rse ( ! *annel )\t ! slighte/ w>n+4   
7,see ,alum ,pot1 ,dunald ,mill ,hole1  
,gap+ ,gill ,hole47   ,p[3 a sluggi%    
rivulet4   ,pr(essor's ,*imney4--,a "n  
be/[$ by ,messrs4 ,hopk9son on ! exit   
mo/ t[>ds ! left h& z "o comes up ,deep 
,gill on ,scafell4 ,out ( ?is *imney1   
aga9 to ! left1 div]ges t :i* leads up  
to ! neck betwe5 ! ,scafell ,pill> & its
 ,pisgah4 ,to ?is latt] *imney ! "n is  

errone\sly appli$ by _m1 ?\gh1 inde$1 !y
 might urge ) "s reason t if x comes to 
a scramble = "o "n betwe5 two gullies ! 
m frequ5t$ ought to get x4   ,ra9sborr[ 
,crag4--,a noble rock 9 ,k5tdale1       
,we/morl&4 ,x is1 p]haps1 mo/ easily got
 at f ,/aveley1 b f ,ambleside x is only
 necess>y to cross ! ,g>b\rne ,pass1 & !
 crag is at once conspicu\s4 ,x is ( !  
same type z ,froswick & ,ill ,bell1 b   
f9] & m %e] ?an ei!r ( !m4   ,rake3 a ^w
 common 9 ,d]by%ire1 ,york%ire1 & !     
,lakes1 :i* has be5 mu* misund]/ood4 ,x 
usually happ5s to be a scree-gully1 b ! 
fundam5tal idea is /raightness4         
,rake's ,progress4--,?is is a natural   
gall]y on ! face ( ! ,mickl$oor crags ( 
,scafell4 ,x has be5 be/ describ$ by    
,mr4 ,williamson1 :o says3 ',mickl$oor  
may be rea*$ by scrambl+ up ! /eeply    
slop+ screes :i* =m its ,wa/dale slope2 
b ! easi] & m romantic approa* is by !  
grassy l$ge1 :i* w be se5 project+ f !  
face ( ! ,scafell precipice4 ,?is l$ge  
or %elf is 9 b few places less ?an f\r  

feet wide4 ,9 places x is compos$ (     
%att]$ heaps ( rock1 :i* seem b>ely to  
keep _! equilibrium2 b ?\gh !re is a    
precipice ( consid]able height on ! left
 h&1 ! passage along ! l$ge is free f   
risk s long z ! rock wall on ! "r is    
closely hugg$4 ,by "o :o wat*$ f bel[ ! 
passage along ! l$ge ( "s ( ! e>ly      
pione]s ( lake climb+ x 0 *ri/5$ !      
,rake's ,progress1 & ! "n appe>s apt :5 
x is rememb]$ t ! l$ge leads f ! l[]    
limb ( ! ,"l's ,rake to ! ,mickl$oor    
,ridge4' ,! fir/ publi%$ description ( !
 ,rake's ,progress is conta9$ 9 a lett] 
by ! late ,mr4 ,maitl& to "o ( ! local  
pap]s 9 ,octob] #ahha4 ,he !re /ates t  
he _h rec5tly trav]s$ x = ! fif? "t1 b  
_h n previ\sly to t occasion visit$     
,deep ,gill4 ,sev]al gr& climbs />t f ! 
,progress1 includ+ ,nor? ,climb1        
,colli]'s ,climb1 ,moss ,gill1 ,/eep    
,gill1 & ! ,scafell ,pill>4   ,rav5     
,crag4--,?is "n is g5]ally ! sign ( a   
h>d1 if n ( a good1 climb4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ 
/&s on ! we/ side ( ,?irlm]e1 ne> !     

foot1 or :at us$ to be ! foot ( x be=e  
,man*e/] took x 9 h&2 a second is on !  
,pill> ,fell j ea/ ( ! rock2 a ?ird &   
f\r? on ,br&re? & ,gable1 & inde$ !re is
 "o on almo/ e fell4   ,r$ ,pike1 9     
,cumb]l&1 ov]look+ ,butt]m]e1 is a      
sy5ite hill1 & comm&s a glori\s view1   
especially /rong 9 lakes1 b !re is next 
to no climb+ to be _h on x4 ,! be/ way  
up x is to foll[ ! c\rse ( ,ruddy ,beck 
f ! s\!rnmo/ corn] ( ,crummock ,wat]1 b 
! rocky amphi!atre 9 :i* ,bleab]ry ,t>n 
lies is bett] se5 if ! some:at r\gh]    
r\te by ,s\rmilkgill & its ea/ bank be  
foll[$4   ,r$ ,pike1 also 9 ,cumb]l&1 is
 a ,wa/dale fell1 & lies betwe5 ,yewb>r[
 & ! ,/eeple4 ,! nor? side ( x has      
abundance ( small climbs1 :i*1 ) !      
exception ( ,yewb>r[1 are1 p]haps1 m    
easily rea*$ ?an any o!rs f ! inn at    
,wa/dale ,head2 b !y are little visit$1 
because ev]yone wants to fly at ! highe/
 game & d ! climbs :i* are mo/ talk$    
ab\t4 ,?is fell is sometimes call$      
,*air1 f ! fact ( !re be+ a curi\s /one 

seat on x ne> ! ridge1 & n f> f ,door   
,head4   ,r$ ,screes1 9 ,we/morl&       
7#b1eda ft471 are v /eep 9 ! direction (
 ! ,kirk/one 7aft] :i* ! pass ( t "n is 
said to be call$71 fall+ ab\t #a1jjj ft4
 9 a horizontal di/ance ( a qu>t] ( a   
mile2 b ! asc5t is n m ?an an exhil>at+ 
scramble4 ,!re is a well-kn[n view f !  
top4   ,rope4--,"s rem>ks on ! use ( !  
rope z a safegu>d 9 climb+ w be f\nd 9 !
 ,introduction4   ,rossett ,gill4--,a   
r\gh pass j ov] #b1jjj ft4 9 height1 :i*
 is ! only approa* f ,langdale to       
,scafell1 ,gable1 & ! ,wa/dale fells    
g5]ally4 ,on ! ,langdale side y _c g f> 
wrong1 b x is v rugg$1 s rugg$ t ,mr4   
,payn has cau/ically obs]v$ t all       
exp$itions 9 ?is region admit ( be+ made
 by driv+1 by rid+1 or by walk+1 'except
 ,rossett ,gill1 :i* mu/ be done on all 
f\rs4' ,on ! ,eskhause side ! walk+ is  
p]fectly easy1 b mi/akes are v liable to
 occur4 ,on ?is high gr\nd mi/s are     
extremely frequ5t1 & bl9d+ ra9 is       
abundant4 ,! result is t p mak+ =       

,langdale are surpris$ at hav+ to m\nt  
aga9 aft] ! long desc5t to ,angle ,t>n1 
& (t5 end by go+ away to ! left d[n     
,lang/ra?1 & f9d !mselves to _! great   
surprise 9 ,borr[dale4 ,! only safegu>d 
is1 ( c\rse1 to be> cle>ly 9 m9d t ! ups
 & d[ns h]eab\t are consid]able1 & to   
arm oneself ) map & compass4            
,saddleback 7#b1hdg ft47 0 at "o "t     
?\ght to be high] ?an its neighb\r      
,skiddaw4 ,to ,mrs4 ,radcliffe1 on !    
summit ( ! latt] 9 #agie1 ! =m] 0 'n[   
preem95t ov] ,skiddaw4' ',! ,beauties ( 
,engl&' in=ms u t '! views f ! summit   
are exce$+ly ext5sive1 b ^? imm$iately  
"u ! eye on ! m\nta9 itself s trem5d\s &
 appall+ t few p]sons h suffici5t       
resolution to exp]i5ce ! emotions :i* ^?
 awful sc5es inspire4' ,we h a v full   
acc\nt ( an asc5t made 9 #agic4 ,!      
n>rator says3 ',:5 we _h asc5d$ ab\t a  
mile1 "o ( ! p>ty1 on look+ r\nd1 0 s   
a/oni%$ ) ! diff]5t appe>ance ( objects 
9 ! valley s f> b5ea? u t he decl9$     
proce$+4 ,we _h n gone mu* fur!r till ! 

o!r companion 7( ! relator7 0 sudd5ly   
tak5 ill & wi%$ to loose blood &        
return4'  ,! great feature ( ! m\nta9 is
 its s\!rn front1 :i* is cut away to =m 
enorm\s cl\ghs1 divid$ by n>r[ ridges4  
,! latt] are ! ,edges ( ,saddleback4    
,n>r[ ,edge 7z ,halls ,fell top is n[   
g5]ally call$7 is ! f9e/ & mo/ romantic4
 ,x runs up f ,?relkeld1 :]e !re is a   
conv5i5t /ation4 ,! prop] "n ( ,broad   
,edge is ,gategill ,fell4 ,"p ( ,middle 
,tongue /raight beh9d ! lead-m9e is also
 v n>r[4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,p5ny ,magaz9e =  
#ahcg speaks ( '! s]rat$ precipices     
above ,?relkeld1' & adds1 ',"o ( ^! is  
call$ ,razor ,edge4' ,t "n1 h[ev]1 has  
n[ = _m ye>s at lea/ be5 us$ z !        
equival5t ( ,%>p ,edge1 :i* is on ! ea/ 
side ( ! m\nta9 & on ! nor? side (      
,scales ,t>n1 & at "o "t enjoy$ a       
trem5d\s reputation z a p]il\s climb4   
,! "n ( ! m\nta9 itself has be5 je]$ at 
z a po/-boy's "n1 & romantically-m9d$ p 
use ! "n ,bl5ca?>a1 = :i* _m ,celtic    
etymons h be5 sugge/$4 ,! mo/ usual =m  

seems to h be5 ,bl5k>?ur1 & only ! m    
nor!rn ( ! two peaks 0 s call$4  ,!     
quicke/ asc5t ( ! m\nta9 is f ,?relkeld 
up ,n>r[ ,edge1 b if ! return is to     
,keswick1 x %\ld be made along ! %\ld]  
t[>ds ,skiddaw1 & s by ,brundholme      
,wood4   ,sail4--,?is ^w1 9 ! op9ion (  
,dr4 ,murray1 ! le>n$ editor ( ! new    
',engli% ,diction>y1' signifies 'a so>+ 
dome-%ap$ summit4' ,x occurs z a hill-"n
 9 ! ,grassmoor gr\p1 ne> ,butt]m]e 9   
,cumb]l&2 b ! *>act]i/ics requir$ by !  
above def9ition are1 to say ! lea/1 n   
conspicu\sly evid5t ei!r !re or 9 ! o!r 
cases :]e ?is elem5t is f\nd 9          
fell-c\ntry place-names4 7,see ,black   
,sail47   ,/4 ,bees4--,9 ,cumb]l&1 on ! 
we/ coa/4 ,sev]al accid5ts h occurr$ on 
! cliffs "h4 ,!y are ( s&/one1 & incl9e 
to be rott54 ,! be/ are ab\t ,fleswick  
,bay4 ,! height is only ab\t #bjj ft4 ,!
 ,rev4 ,james ,jackson--! ,patri>*      
7q4v47--liv$ at ,s&) close by1 & 0 fond 
( climb+ ab\t on ^! cliffs4   ,/4       
,john's ,vale4--,a "n ( mod]n inv5tion1 

:i* has ou/$ ,buresdale 7q4v474 ,x is   
us$ 9 an article 9 ! ,g5tleman's        
,magaz9e = #aged1 & also 9 ',gray's     
,j\rnal1' :i* possibly misl$ ,sir ,walt]
 ,scott1 ^: poem caus$ x to meet ) g5]al
 acceptance4   ,/4 ,sunday ,crag1 9     
,we/morl& 7%eet #ai ( ! ,ordnance map71 
is ( f> m importance ?an ,helvellyn to !
 views ( & f ,ullswat]4 ,moreov]1 x has 
"s capital crags fac+ nor?-we/1 among   
:i* _m a good rock-problem may be f\nd4 
,!y 7 long a fav\rite scrambl+-gr\nd )  
,major ,cundill1 ,r4,e41 ! inv5tor ( !  
,nor? ,climb on ,scafell1 & are )9 easy 
rea* ( ,patt]dale4   ,scafell 7#c1afb   
ft47 pres5ts "s f9e rocks to ,eskdale1 b
 ! gr&e/ rocks1 bo? to look at & to     
climb1 are t[>ds ,mickl$oor4 ,z a       
climb+-gr\nd x is p]haps ev5 m popul>   
?an ! ,pill>1 especially 9 w9t]4 ,9     
consequ5ce ( ?is ! gr\nd has be5 gone   
ov] v closely by climb]s ( exceptional  
skill1 & climb+ ( a some:at desp]ate "* 
has occasionally be5 indulg$ 94 ,?is    
applies ma9ly to ! we/ side (           

,mickl$oor4 ,! o!r side is easi]1 & has 
long be5 m or less well kn[n4  ,mr4     
,gre5 says ( x3 ',! crags on ! s\?-we/ (
 ,mickl$oor1 ?\gh seem+ frightfully to  
oppose all passage1 h be5 asc5d$ z !    
readie/ way to ! top ( ,scafell1 &1     
among/ o!r adv5tur]s1 by ,mr4 ,?omas    
,tyson1 ( ,wa/dale ,head1 & ,mr4 ,t[]s1 
( ,toes 9 ,eskdale2 b ,messrs4 ,ottley &
 ,birkett cont5t$ !mselves by proce$+ = 
"s di/ance 9 ! direction ( ,eskdale1 to 
a deep fissure1 ?r\gh :i* !y scrambl$ to
 ! top ( ,scafell4'  ,x might be ?\ght t
 ?is 'fissure' 0 ',mickl$oor ,*imney1' b
 x is m likely t x 0 ano!r & easi] gully
 a good way f>!r d[n4  ,mr4 ,h]man      
,prior's excell5t ',p$e/rian ,guide'    
7#crd edition1 p4 #aid7 has a v cle> &  
accurate acc\nt ( x f ! p5 ( ,mr4 ,c4,w4
 ,dymond1 :o visit$ x ab\t #ahfi1 &     
ano!r 9 ,mr4 ,c4,n4 ,williamson's second
 article 9 ,all ! ,ye> ,r\nd = ,novemb] 
#h1 #ahhd2 & 9 ! local press scores (   
descriptions h appe>$4  ,illu/ration3   
,,scafell ,,crags ,a1 ,top ( ,broad ,/&2

 ,b1 ,pisgah2 ,c1 ,scafell ,pill>2 ,d1  
,head ( ,deep ,gill4  ,! beg9n+ ( !     
climb is v easily ov]look$ by a /rang]1 
be+ j a v]tical slit ab\t eighte5 in*es 
wide1 by means ( :i* x is easy to walk  
?ree or f\r y>ds /raight into ! m\nta94 
,x w be f\nd by desc5d+ ! ,eskdale slope
 f ,mickl$oor ridge = tw5ty-"o y>ds1 &  
disreg>d+ a mu* m promis+ po9t :i*      
pres5ts itself midway & is notic$ bo? by
 ,pr(essor ,tyndall & ,mr4 ,dymond4 ,!  
floor ( ! prop] 'adit' rises slightly   
t[>ds ! inn] end1 & consequ5tly all[s an
 easy exit to be made on ! left-h& side4
 ,f ?is po9t ?ree l>ge /eps 9 ! rock1   
ea* #g ft4 to #aj ft4 high h to be      
m\nt$1 & _m w be rem9d$ ( ! asc5t ( !   
,great ,pyramid4 ,:at build]s call !    
'ris]' ( ea* /ep is v]tical1 b ! 'tread'
 ( ! two upp] ones becomes v /eep &     
smoo?1 & :5 !re is ice ab\t x1 ?is is ! 
*ief dang] ( ! climb4 ,if a fall took   
place x w\ld probably be to ! left h&1 9
 :i* direction ! rock is mu* plan$ away1
 & =ms a /eep & cont9u\s slope almo/ to 

! foot ( ! ,mickl$oor ,*imney4          
,illu/ration3 ,,plan ,,( ,,scafell ,a1  
,broad ,/&2 ,b1 ,mickl$oor ,ridge2 ,c1  
,scafell ,pill>2 ,d1 ,"l's ,rake2 ,f1   
,pikes ,crag2 ,g1 ,deep ,gill4  ,?is    
slope is climbable1 b f> f easy4 ,at !  
top ( ! /eps ! ,broad ,/& prop] beg9s1  
at ! head ( :i* !re is "o little bit to 
climb1 & !n a walk among huge blocks (  
/one leads out on to ! ridge ( ,scafell1
 close to ! head ( ,deep ,gill4  ,! way 
is n easy to miss1 b 9                  
desc5d+--especially 9 mi/y              
wea!r--mi/akes are (t5 made1 ei!r 9 f9d+
 ! entrance at ! top or ! /eps at !     
bottom4 ,! latt] difficulty is ! m      
s]i\s1 b may be obviat$ by keep+ close  
to ! foot ( ! cliff on ! left h& & mak+ 
/raight = ,mickl$oor ridge2 :5 fur!r    
progress is b>r$1 ! exit is rea*$ by a  
%ort desc5t to ! "r4   ,scafell         
,pikes--! highe/ m\nta9 9 ,engl& 7#c1baj
 ft474 ,curi\sly en\gh ! "n seems to be 
v mod]n4 ,till q ! end ( la/ c5tury x 0 
always kn[n z ',! ,pikes1' & x 0 only :5

 c>eful surveys promot$ x t x became    
necess>y to add ! "n ( its f9]-%ap$ &   
bett]-kn[n neighb\r1 to %[ :at ',pikes' 
7 be+ spok5 (4 ,! pres5t "n1 !re=e1 & ! 
old] =m1 ',pikes ( ,scafell1' really    
mean ',! ,pikes ne> ,scafell4'  ,on !   
,eskdale side !re are a few climbs1     
includ+ ,doe ,crag2 b ! be/ are on !    
side ( ,great ,end & ,l+mell1 :i* are   
m]ely buttresses ( x4  ,illu/ration3    
,,scafell ,,pill> 7,,se5 ,,across ,,deep
 ,,gill7   ,scafell ,pill> /&s betwe5   
,deep ,gill & ,/eep ,gill4 ,x has a %ort
 side close to ! summit ridge (         
,scafell1 & a long side t[>ds ! ,rake's 
,progress4 ,! fir/ asc5t 0 made on !    
%ort side by ! writ] on ,septemb] #c1   
#ahhd1 & ! fir/ f ! ,rake's ,progress by
 ,mr4 ,rob9son & ! writ] on ! #bj? ( !  
same mon?4  ,illu/ration3 ,,scafell     
,,pill> ,,& ,,! ,,upp] ,,pit* ,,( ,,deep
 ,,gill  ,!y climb$ by way ( ,/eep ,gill
 on to ! ,l[ ,man1 & !nce to ! ,high    
,man4 ,on ,july #ae1 #ahhh1 a way 0 made
 up ! outside ( ! rock f ne> ! foot (   

,/eep ,gill by ,messrs4 ,sl+sby1 ,ha/+s1
 ,e4 ,hopk9son1 & ! writ]4 ,miss ,cord] 
made ! fir/ lady's asc5t by ! %ort way  
7,augu/ #ahhg71 & ,miss ,m4 ,watson !   
fir/ by ! outside r\te 7,june #ahij71   
bo? ladies hav+ ! advantage ( ,mr4      
,rob9son's escort4 ,m>vell\s feats (    
climb+ & eng9e]+ h be5 p]=m$ by ! bro!rs
 ,hopk9son 9 _! endeav\rs to make a way 
direct into ,deep ,gill1 9 :i* !y h n   
entirely succe$$4   ,scree3 ! debris (  
decay+ rocks1 =m+ a talus on ! l[] p>ts 
( a m\nta94 ,x is ! ,icel&ic 'skrida4'  
,screes 7,!74--,a long range flank+     
,wa/wat] on ! s\?-we/4 ,!y are (t5 call$
 ! ',wa/dale' ,screes1 b x appe>s f     
,hut*9son t !y 7 9 8 "t kn[n z !        
',eskdale' ,screes1 &--l mo/ hills at t 
p]iod--7 said to be a mile high4        
,app>5tly 9 ^? days !y ?\ght less ( !   
climbs on x ?an ( ! %eep-runs1 :i* latt]
 are 9 ,eskdale4 ,! rock is ( v loose   
con/ruction & comes away at a t\*1 or   
)\t "o1 sometimes _m tons at a "t2 b x  
improves t[>ds ! foot ( ! lake1 & !     

great ba/ion opposite ,wa/dale ,hall is 
full ( magnific5t climb+4 ,! writ]1 at !
 sugge/ion ( ,mr4 ,g4 ,musgrave1 tri$ ! 
great gully bo? alone & 9 good company1 
namely1 t ( two ( ! p>ty :i* ultimately 
succe$$4 ,dr4 ,collie contribut$ a vivid
 acc\nt ( ! fir/ asc5t to ! ,scotti%    
,m\nta9e]+ ,j\rnal1 a publication :i*   
%\ld be bett] kn[n to climb]s4 ,! p>ty  
f\nd no difficulty till !y 7 9 ! left-h&
 bran* above ! po9t :]e ! gully divides1
 & ! fir/ pit* gave !m "s tr\ble1 z !   
/ream1 be+ froz51 =m$ a cascade ( ice1 &
 !y 7 =c$ on to ! buttress :i* divides !
 two gullies4 ,ha/+s 0 s5t on to        
prospect1 :il/ ,i _h to back him up z f>
 z possible4 ,) consid]able tr\ble he   
manag$ to trav]se back to ! left into ! 
ma9 gully1 us+ inf9itesimal knobs ( rock
 = h& & foot hold4 ,we !n foll[$ him1 & 
f\nd ourselves 9 a n>r[ cleft cut f>    
into ! side ( ! hill4 ,p]p5dicul> walls 
rose on ei!r side = sev]al hundr$ feet2 
above u /ret*$ cascade aft] cascade (   
solid ice1 always at a v /eep angle1 &  

sometimes p]p5dicul>4 ,up ^! we cut our 
way ) our axes1 sometimes be+ help$ by  
mak+ ! /eps close to ! walls on ei!r    
side1 & us+ any small inequalities on ! 
rock-face to /eady u 9 our /eps4 ,at la/
 we came to ! f9al pit*4 ,f> up above at
 ! top1 ! /ream com+ ov] an ov]hang+    
l$ge on ! "r _h froz5 into masses (     
insecure icicles1 "s be+ #bj ft4 to #cj 
ft4 long4 ,obvi\sly we c\ld n climb up  
^!4 ,h[ev]1 at ! left-h& corn] at ! top 
( ! pit* a rock 0 w$g$1 :i* ov]hung1    
leav+ und]nea? a cave ( consid]able     
size4 ,we manag$ to get z f> up z !     
cave1 9 :i* we plac$ ,rob9son1 :]e he   
hit*$ himself to a jamm$ b\ld] at !     
back4 ,i 0 plac$ 9 a some:at insecure   
position2 my "r foot occupi$ a capaci\s 
hole cut 9 ! bottom ( ! icicles1 :il/ my
 left 0 f> away on ! o!r side ( ! gully 
on a small1 b oblig+1 %elf 9 !          
rock-face4 ,9 ?is int]e/+ attitude1 l ! 
,colossus ( ,rhodes1 ,i spann$ ! gulf1 &
 0 an*or$ bo? to ! b\ld] & to ,rob9son z
 well4 ,!n ,ha/+s1 ) consid]able        

agility1 climb$ on to my %\ld]s4 ,f t   
exalt$ position he c\ld rea* ! edge ( ! 
ov]hang+ /one und]nea? :i* ,rob9son 0   
%iv]+1 & 0 ?us enabl$ to pull himself up
 on to ! top4 ,rob9son & ,i aft]w>ds    
asc5d$ ?is =midable place by means ( !  
moral support ( ! rope alone4 ,b ,i "k t
 9 my case1 if t moral support _h n be5 
capable ( /&+ ! /ra9 produc$ by a dead  
weight ( ab\t t5 /one1 ,i %\ld probably 
h be5 spoil+ a pat* ( sn[ sev]al hundr$s
 ( feet l[] d[n ! gill4 ,above ?is pit* 
! climb+ is easi] z ! gully op5s out4'  
,illu/ration3 ,,wa/wat] ,,& ,,! ,,screes
 ,a1 ,a long gully1 n v difficult2 ,b1  
,! great gully1 extremely difficult2 ,c1
 ,a m9or gully1 also v difficult4       
,s]geant ,crag4--,ab\t half a mile up ! 
valley ( ,long/ra?1 :i* b\nds ,gl>am>a  
on ! ea/ z ,borr[dale does on ! we/1 !re
 is a l9e ( crag on ! left h&4 ,! "p    
ne>e/ to ,eagle ,crag is call$ ,s]geant 
,crag1 & is "s #cjj ft4 high] ?an ! o!r1
 :i* is ,bull ,crag4  ,9 ^! rocks !re is
 a v f9e gully1 discov]$ 9 #ahhf by ,mr4

 ,rob9son & ! writ]1 = :om a high wet   
slab ( smoo? slate prov$ too difficult4 
,9 ,septemb] la/ ! =m] return$ to !     
attack accompani$ by ,mr4 ,o4,g4 ,jones1
 :o1 tak+ a diff]5t & to all appe>ance m
 difficult way to ! "r1 =c$ 8 way ov] ! 
two /ones :i* =m ! pit*4 ,8 companion   
foll[$ by work+ out ( ! gill to ! "r & 9
 aga9 above ! ob/acle1 & ?is way has    
comm5d$ itself to lat] climb]s4  ',!re  
are six l>ge pit*es & sev]al small ones4
 ,! total climb mu/ be #ejj ft41 & !    
climb+ is ( exceptional int]e/ all !    
way4'   ,%amrock1 9 ,cumb]l&1 /&s j ea/ 
( ! ,pill> ,rock1 divid$ f x only by    
,walk]'s ,gully4  ,se5 f ,sc>f ,gap x   
looks v well1 & its outl9e c )          
difficulty be di/+ui%$ f t ( ! ma9 rock4
 ,x d]ives its "n 7be/[$ on x ab\t      
#ahhb7 f ?is deceptive "*4 ,! face ( x  
t[>ds ! nor? af=ds a good climb1 & on ! 
ea/ side !re is a gully1 :i* is *ok$ ne>
 ! top by a block1 :i* makes "o ( !     
/iffe/ pit*es 9 all ,cumb]l&4 ,x 0 fir/ 
climb$1 ) ! aid ( deep sn[1 by a p>ty l$

 by ,messrs4 ,ha/+s & ,e4 ,haskett ,smi?
 9 ,m>* #ahhg1 & 9 ,decemb] #ahij ,mr4  
,ha/+s succe$$ 9 repeat+ 8 asc5t )\t any
 sn[drift to help him1 z did ,dr4       
,colli] exactly two ye>s lat]4   ,%>p   
,edge1 on ,saddleback1 runs along ! nor?
 side ( ,scales ,t>n4 ,mr4 ,prior's     
',guide' obs]ves3 ',! asc5t 7or desc5t7 
by ?is ,edge is consid]$ some?+ ( an    
exploit1 b )\t suffici5t reason4 ,to a  
giddy head1 inde$1 x is unque/ionably   
sev]al degrees worse ?an ,/rid+ ,edge1  
:i* x some:at resembles2 possibly1 to a 
head s con/itut$1 j )\t ! limits (      
safety1 z ,/rid+ ,edge is decid$ly well 
)9 !m4 ,! ma9 difficulty lies 9 ! desc5t
 ( ! cliff above ! ,edge1 & 9 ! two or  
?ree rocky knolls by :i* ?is cliff      
connects itself ) ! latt]1 & f :i* !re  
is an unpleasant drop on ea* side4444   
,except+ head1 h[ev]1 no o!r quality ( a
 cragsman is requir$ = ,%>p ,edge2 !    
foot+ is ample1 & ! h&s w\ld be less    
call$ into requisition ?an ev5 on ,/rid+
 ,edge4'  ,?is is a v j e/imate1 b x ne$

 h>dly be said t n only ,%>p ,edge b    
also ^? on ! ,?relkeld side und]go      
m>vell\s *anges 9 w9t]1 & !n give       
spl5did *ances ( real m\nta9e]+         
practice4   ,%utt5o] is m5tion$ by m ?an
 "o ( ! old au?orities z "o ( ! rocks at
 ,l[dore betwe5 :i* ! wat] falls4 ,my   
belief is t ! intellig5t travell]s ( t  
date1 n hav+ ma/]$ ! ',cumm]lan' mak o' 
toak1' mi/ook = ! "n ( ! rock :at 0     
m]ely int5d$ = a casual description ( x1
 namely1 ',%uttan' ow]'--'%oot+ ov]1'   
'project+4'   ,sike3 a rill 9 m>%y      
gr\nd4   ,silv] ,h[e 7#a1cde ft471 ne>  
,grasm]e1 is only notable z be+ ! sc5e (
 ! annual fell race1 or ',guides' race1'
 z x is sometimes call$1 ?\gh !re are   
few guides1 & ( !m v few w\ld h any     
*ance ( success 9 ?is race4 ,! c\rse is 
uphill to a flag & d[n aga94 ,! "t is   
g5]ally ab\t t5 m9utes to g up & some?+ 
less ?an five m9utes to come d[n4 ,x is 
a pretty race to wat*1 b ! sci5tific    
int]e/ = m\nta9e]s w\ld be increas$ if !
 c\rse 7 free f all ob/acles & (        

accurately measur$ height & l5g?4       
,skew ,gill4--,a curi\s deep *annel 9 ! 
,wa/dale side ( ,great ,end1 giv+ a     
conv5i5t approa* to ! foot ( ! gullies  
on ! o!r side4 ,to g by ,gra9y ,gill &  
?is "o1 & s up ,cu/'s ,gully1 has = _m  
ye>s be5 ! regulation exp$ition = ! fir/
 day ( a w9t] soj\rn at ,wa/dale ,head4 
,skiddaw 7,cumb]l&1 %4 #ef7 is #c1jeh   
ft4 high1 ') two heads l unto           
,p>nassus1' z old ,camd5 obs]v$1 &      
,wordswor? & o!rs h repeat$ x aft] him4 
,on ?is *>act]i/ic1 :i* is n v /rongly  
m>k$1 _m d]ivations ( ! "n h be5 bas$4  
,9 old] writ+s1 h[ev]1 ! ^w mu* m       
commonly ends 9 -ow1 a t]m9ation :i* 9  
c\ntless in/ances repres5ts ! well-kn[n 
^w 'h[4' ,:atev] its "n may signify1    
,skiddaw is n a m\nta9e]'s m\nta91 & no 
am\nt ( sn[ & ice c make x s4 ,z a local
 b>d has truly sung3       ,laal brag x 
is = any man        ,to clim oop ,skidd]
 side2      ,auld wives & b>ns on       
,jackasses        ,to tippy twop ma     
ride4  ,x is true t !re are great       

facilities = procur+ g+]be] on ! way1 b 
ev5 t luxury is sc>cely an adequate     
comp5sation = ! complete abs5ce ( any?+ 
l a respectable rock on ! m\nta94       
,keswick has ,skiddaw almo/ entirely to 
itself1 & on ! matt] ( r\tes x w be     
en\gh to say t by ! back ( ,latrigg & ! 
g+]be] %anties is ! easie/ way1 & by    
,millbeck & ,c>lside is ! %orte/ &      
quicke/1 be+ made up ( two miles ( good 
road & ( two ( /eep fell z aga9/ five   
miles ( easy hillside4  ,! m\nta9 us$ to
 enjoy a great reputation1 & is put fir/
 9 ,camd5's ',byword'3       ,skiddaw1  
,lauvell9 & ,ca/ic&      ,are ! highe/  
hills 9 all ,engl&1  & ! e>ly climb]s ( 
x 7 deeply impress$ ) ! importance ( _! 
adv5tur\s und]tak+4  ,mrs4 ,radcliffe1 9
 #agie1 asc5d$ '?is trem5d\s m\nta91' & 
says t :5 !y 7 /ill m ?an a mile f !    
summit '! air n[ became v ?91' & '! way 
0 inde$ dreadfully sublime4' ,on rea*+ !
 top !y '/ood on a p9nacle comm&+ ! :ole
 dome ( ! sky1' b unluckily '! ,g]man   
,ocean 0 s f> (f z to be disc]nible only

 l a mi/4'  ,ev5 ,hut*9son rem>ks t1 on 
! top1 '! air 0 rem>kably %>p & ?9      
comp>$ ) t ( ! valley1 & respiration    
seem$ to be p]=m$ ) a k9d ( oppression4'
  ,skiddaw res]ves :at little natural   
f]ocity x has = ,dead ,crags on ! nor?  
side1 b !re are also a few rocky bits on
 ! side :i* faces ,bass5?waite ,wat]4   
,smok+ ,rock is at ! head ( ,great ,d\p1
 ea/ ( ! ,pill> ,/one & level ) ! ridge 
( ! ,pill> ,fell4 ,= fe> ( ! "n be+     
adduc$ z a pro( ( rec5t volcanic action 
x is well to say t x is s call$ n z     
itself smok+1 b because a well-kn[n     
climb] ( ! old s*ool lov$ to smoke an   
ev5+ pipe ^u x4  ,x af=ds a pleasant    
climb tak5 on ! outside /raight up f !  
foot4 ,?is 0 done by a p>ty ( f\r1 ( :om
 ! writ] 0 "o1 on ,june #e1 #ahhi4 ,see 
a note 9 ! ,wa/dale ,head ,visitors'    
,book at p4 #bej4   ,som]set%ire has    
little to attract ! m\nta9e]1 except ! v
 rem>kable lime/one sc5]y on ! s\? side 
( ! ,m5dips at ,*$d>1 ,ebb] & ,wookey4  
,!re are magnific5t cliffs & p9nacles1  

especially at ! fir/-nam$ place1 b n _m 
bits ( satisfactory climb+4 ,! cliffs   
are rott5 at "o po9t1 unclimbably       
v]tical at ano!r1 & p]haps at a ?ird !  
climb] is pe/]$ by cl\ds ( angry        
jackdaws4 ,ebb] ,rocks are r m brok51 b 
on ! :ole ! climb+ is n wor? mu* at ei!r
 place1 ?\gh ! sc5]y bo? above gr\nd &  
bel[ x is su* z no "o ought to miss4    
,/&4--,see "u ,broad ,/&4   ,/eep       
,gill4--,on ,scafell1 =m+ ! b\nd>y ( !  
,scafell ,pill> on ! ,mickl$oor side4 ,x
 conta9s a v /rik+ v]tical *imney m ?an 
#ej ft4 high1 ! upp] "p ( :i* is r a    
tight fit = any b ! slimme/ figures4 ,at
 ! foot ( ?is *imney on ! "r-h& side !re
 is an exit by :i* ei!r ! ridge ( !     
,scafell ,pill> c be rea*$ or ! *imney  
circumv5t$4 ,! ,gill becomes v wet &    
/eep j bel[ ! top1 & extreme c>e is     
necess>y 9 foll[+ x out on to ! neck    
betwe5 ,scafell ,pill> & ! m\nta94      
,except 9 dry wea!r ?is bit may be      
consid]$ a little dang]\s4 ,x is usual &
 m int]e/+ to "w out "h by a grass l$ge 

on ! "r on to ! ,l[ ,man4 ,! ,gill 0    
discov]$ by ! writ]1 & fir/ climb$ by   
him & ,mr4 ,rob9son 9 ,septemb] #ahhd4  
,a note by ! =m] 9 ! ,visitors' ,book at
 ,wa/dale ,head describes x z 'a *imney 
( unusual /eepness & sev]ity4' ,! "n is 
q rec5t4   ,/eeple4--,9 ,cumb]l&1       
sep>at$ f ,pill> ,fell by ,w9d ,gap4    
,!re are "s gr& scrambles on ! ,enn]dale
 side ( x1 & x is extremely int]e/+ to !
 /ud5t ( m\nta9 /ructure to note ! po9ts
 ( p>allelism betwe5 ?is gr\p & t (     
,scafell1 ,w9d ,gap1 ( c\rse1 repres5t+ 
,mickl$oor4   ,/irrup ,crag1 on ! nor?  
end ( ,yewb>r[1 is probably ! v ne>e/   
climb to ,wa/dale ,head1 & may !re=e be 
useful 9 cases :5 a wet day cle>s up    
t[>ds ev5+ & ex]cise )9 easy rea* is    
requir$4 ,! quicke/ way to x is to cross
 ! beck by ! bridge beh9d ! inn & g up !
 hill /raight to ! rectangul> clump (   
l>*es1 & !n on beyond x 9 ! same        
direction4 ,!re is a nice little climb  
on an isolat$ bit ( rock1 not$ by ,mr4  
,rob9son 9 ! ,wa/dale book1 at ,ea/] 9  

#ahhh4 ,! little rock %\ld be cross$ f  
nor? to s\? & ! same c\rse cont9u$ up to
 ! op5 fell above1 aft] :i* a %ort      
desc5t t[>ds ,door ,head1 keep+ r to !  
left h&1 w br+ to light sev]al small b  
pretty rock-problems4   ,/rid+ ,edge1 a 
ridge on ! ea/ side ( ,helvellyn1 is    
call$ 9 "o ( ! old maps ,/ra?on ,edge4  
,! difficulties ( x h be5 absurdly      
exagg]at$4 ,miss ,braddon wrote amus+ly 
ab\t ! exploits ^u x ( a c]ta9 gallant  
colonel1 id5tifi$ by ,colonel ,b>r[ )   
himself4 ,9 w9t] x is sometimes an      
excit+ approa* to ,helvellyn1 9 summ] j 
a pleasant walk4 ,! idea ( its dang]    
probably arose f ! celebrity giv5 to !  
dea? ( ,*>les ,g\gh by ! poems ( ,scott 
& ,wordswor?4   ,/y ,head4--,?is "n     
applies to ! top only ( ! pass f        
,borr[dale to ,wa/dale1 ?\gh (t5        
incorrectly us$ to designate ! :ole way 
f ,sea?waite to ,wa/dale ,head4 ,!      
natives always speak ( ! :ole pass z ,! 
,/y or ,! ,/ee4 ,hut*9son says1 & !     
/atem5t has be5 repeat$ by ,"l          

,macaulay1 t ?is 0 at "o "t ! only road 
betwe5 ,keswick & ! ,we/ ,coa/4 ,x has  
lately be5 propos$ to con/ruct a driv+  
road across x1 b ! project is n likely  
to be c>ri$ out = "s "t4 ,! way is n    
easy to f9d on a really d>k night4 ,"s  
ye>s ago two t\ri/s :o _h be5 b5ight$ on
 ! pass wrote a mo/ amus+ acc\nt ( _!   
exp]i5ces 9 ! ,graphic1 & x is only a   
ye> or two s9ce two well-kn[n ,cumb]l&  
climb]s 7 caught 9 ! same ignom9i\s     
fa%ion4   ,sw>?beck1 9 ,we/morl&1 & on !
 ea/ %ore ( ,ullswat] & ! we/ slope (   
,ar?ur's ,pike1 w\ld appe> to be        
id5tical ) ! '*asm' notic$ by ,mr4      
,radcliffe 9 #agie4 ',among ! bolde/    
fells t brea/ ! lake on ! left %ore are 
,holl+ ,fell & ,sw>? ,fell1 n[ no long] 
boa/+ any "p ( ! =e/ ( ,m>t9dale1 b %[+ 
huge walls ( nak$ rock & sc>s :i* _m    
torr5ts h inflict$4 ,"o *annel only 9   
?is dry season reta9$ its %9+ /ream4 ,! 
*asm 0 dreadful1 p>t+ ! m\nta9 f !      
summit to ! base4' ,x occurr$ to        
,messrs4 ,t4 & ,e4 ,we/morl&1 ( ,p5ri?1 

to explore x1 & !y f\nd x to be a       
capital little climb4 ,!y publi%$ a     
bright & vigor\s acc\nt ( _! climb 9 a  
,p5ri? pap]1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* a good  
spr9kl+ ( climb]s h be5 induc$ to visit 
x4 ,! writ] has cause to rememb] !      
/eepness ( ?is gill1 = on "o occasion1 j
 z ! la/ few feet ( ! climb 7 be+ done1 
! alp5/ocks1 :i* _h be5 a great imp$im5t
 all ! way up1 slipp$ & fell1 & 7       
aft]w>ds f\nd on ! scree at ! v bottom4 
,! /eam]s /op at ,h[t[n1 ab\t a mile    
fur!r up ! lake1 & ! inn at t place is  
mu* ! mo/ conv5i5t place to />t f4      
,t>n ,crag 7,cumb]l&1 %4 #eg7 is a      
precipit\s bit ( n v s\nd rock1 p]haps  
#bjj to #cjj ft4 9 height1 ris+ on !    
s\?-we/ side ( ,b[scale ,t>n4 ,!re is a 
bett]-kn[n crag ( ?is "n j by ,scales   
,t>n on ,saddleback1 &1 9 fact1 !y are  
exce$+ly num]\s1 :i* is natural en\gh1  
see+ t x is ess5tial to e g5u9e t>n t x 
%\ld be m or less "u a precipice ( "s   
sort4   ,toe-scrape4--,may be def9$ z   
'foot-hold at or bel[ its m9imum4'      

,tors1 on ,d>tmoor 7q4v474--,! ^w is    
also f\nd 9 ,d]by%ire1 ?\gh n !re appli$
 to q ! same k9d ( rock4 ,! ,ordnance   
also give x 9 "s in/ances 9 ! ,nor? (   
,engl&2 b !re x is by no means cle> t !y
 h tak5 pa9s to di/+ui% x f ! s\nd ( !  
^w 'haw' :5 !re is a f9al t 9 ! prec$+  
^w4 ,:at1 = in/ance1 !y call ,h5 ,tor   
may be 9 reality ,h5t ,haw4 ,9 ,scotl&  
tor is1 ( c\rse1 a common compon5t 9    
place names4  ,a few ( ! m int]e/+ tors 
are--       ,belliv] ,tor4--,turn       
squ>ely to ! "r two miles f ,two        
,bridges on ! ,moreton ,hamp/ead ,road4 
,black+/one ,rock4--,a true tor1 ?\gh n 
on ,d>tmoor4 ,x is a      f9e piece (   
rock two miles ea/ ( ,moreton ,hamp/ead4
 ,x is (      loaf-l =m1 & gave a       
difficult climb until a /aircase (      
solid & obtrusive con/ruction 0 put !re4
       ,br5t ,tor4--,a curi\s cone (    
volcanic rock a long mile      s\?-we/ (
 ,br5tor ,/ation1 & fully f\r miles nor?
 (      ,tavi/ock4       ,fur           
,tor4--,ab\t six miles 9 a nor!rly      

direction f ,m]ivale      ,bridge1 ,two 
,bridges1 or ,pr9cet[n4       ,hey      
,tor4--,f\r miles we/ ( ,bovey ,tracy2 0
 q a nice climb1      b has be5 spoilt  
by artificial aids4  ,illu/ration3 ,a   
,,typical ,,tor 7,,hey ,,tor1 ,,d>tmoor7
        ,l9ks 7,great7 ,tor4--,ab\t two 
miles ea/ ( ,bride/[ /ation4            
,longa=d ,tor4--,/rike (f to ! left ab\t
 halfway betwe5 ,two      ,bridges &    
,po/ ,bridge4       ,mis ,tor 7,great & 
,little74--,two miles nor? f ,m]ivale   
,bridge4 ,!y are f9e objects1 especially
 ! l>g]4       ,r[ ,tor4--,on ! ,we/    
,d>t "s f\r miles nor? ( ,two ,bridges4 
,x has a v /rik+ block ( granite on x4  
,%eep's ,tor4--,ab\t two miles ea/ (    
,d\sl& ,/ation4 ,x is      f9ely %ap$4  
,%ell/one ,tor4--,ne> ,?r[leigh1 ab\t   
halfway betwe5 ,*ag=d      &            
,oakhampton4       ,/aple ,tor4--,"u a  
mile nor?-we/ f ,m]ivale ,bridge1 &     
f\r miles ea/ ( ,tavi/ock4       ,vix5  
,tor4--,"o mile f ,m]ivale ,bridge1 or  
f\r miles nor?      f ,d\sl& ,/ation4 ,x

 is ne> ! ,walkham ,riv]1 & is almo/    
! only tor :i* has a di/9ct reputation z
 a climb4 ,x is got      at by means ( !
 cleft %[n 9 ! illu/ration4 ,"h x is    
usual to 'back up4' ,! /ruggles (       
g5]ations ( climb]s are      said to h  
communicat$ a high poli% to ! surface ( 
!      cleft4       ,wat]n ,tor4--,five 
or six miles we/ ( ,*ag=d1 on ! left    
bank      ( ! ,nor? ,teign4 ,x has ?ree 
t[]s ( friable granite mu*      wea!r$4 
,y> ,tor4--,halfway betwe5 ,two ,bridges
 & ,buckl&-9-!-,moor2      x has a      
curi\sly =tifi$ appe>ance4   ,vix5      
,tor4--,"o ( ! f9e/ ( ! ,devon%ire ,tors
 7q4v474  ,illu/ration3 ,,vix5 ,,tor    
7,,d>tmoor7   ,walk]'s ,gully is !      
precipice 9 :i* ends ! ,ea/ ,scree1     
betwe5 ! ,pill> ,rock & ! ,%amrock4 ,x  
is nam$ aft] an un=tunate y\? ( sev5te5 
:o 0 kill$ by fall+ ov] x on ,good      
,friday1 #ahhc4 ,he _h rea*$ ! rock )   
f\r companions1 & f\nd !re two climb]s f
 ,bolton1 :o _h be5 try+ = ne>ly ?ree   
h\rs to f9d a way up1 & 7 app>5tly !n   

/&+ 9 or ne> ,jordan ,gap4 ,see+ ,walk]1
 !y %\t$ to him = advice z to ! asc5t4  
,he !reupon endeav\r$ to jo9 !m by slid+
 d[n on ! sn[2 b he _h miscalculat$ !   
pace1 & :5 he rea*$ ! rock at :i* he _h 
aim$1 x 0 only to f9d t 8 impetus 0 too 
p[]ful to be arre/$4 ,he %ot (f to "o   
side1 roll$ ov] once or twice1 & !n d>t$
 away d[n ! /eep ,ea/ ,scree1 pass+ !   
,bolton m51 :o c\ld n see him ow+ to t  
position1 & disappe>$ ov] ! precipice4  
,wall[ ,crag1 a long mile s\? (         
,keswick1 is abrupt b n high1 & some:at 
incumb]$ by trees4 ,x conta9s ,lady's   
,rake1 & ,falcon ,crag is really a      
cont9uation ( x4 ,bo? are too ne>       
,keswick to please climb]s1 :o d n enjoy
 hav+ _! e movem5t wat*$ by waggon-loads
 ( excursioni/s4   ,wan?waite ,crags    
7,cumb]l&1 %4 #fd7 rise on ! ea/ side ( 
! /ream :i* fl[s1 or us$ to fl[1 f      
,?irlm]e4 ,!re is good climb+ 9 !m1 & !y
 are easily rea*$ f ,keswick 7#a h\r71  
or ,grasm]e1 tak+ ! ,keswick coa* z f> z
 ! foot ( ,?irlm]e2 & ,?relkeld /ation  

is ne>] /ill 7half an h\r74 ,! rocky "p 
has a height ( #fjj to #gjj ft4 ,bram   
,crag1 j a little s\?1 is really "p ( x4
   ,wa/dale4--,!re are two valleys ( ?is
 "n1 "o ne> ,%ap 9 ,we/morl&1 & ! o!r & 
m fam\s 9 ,cumb]l&1 at ! head (         
,wa/wat]4 ,x is ! ,*am\ni ( ,engl&1 &   
w\ld be ! ,z]matt also1 only x lacks !  
*>m ( a railway4 ,f9e climbs ab\nd among
 ! v>i\s fells :i* hem x closely 94     
7,see "u ! heads ( ,scafell1 ,l+mell1   
,great ,gable1 ,pill>1 ,yewb>r[1        
,/eeple1 ,r$ ,pike1 & ,great ,end47 ,a  
well-fill$ ',climb+ book' is kept at !  
inn1 :]e also are "s f9e rock-views & a 
v complete set ( l>ge-scale maps4 ,m5 ) 
luggage mu/ drive up f ,drigg ,/ation2  
^? :o h none c walk ov] ,burnmoor f     
,boot ,/ation 9 "o h\r & a half or less4
   ,we/morl&1 z a climb]'s c\nty1 is    
second only to ,cumb]l&4 ,langdale is   
p]haps ! pick ( x1 b ab\t ,patt]dale1   
,m>dale1 & ,k5tdale abundant "w may be  
f\nd1 & !re are few p>ts ( ! :ole c\nty 
:i* h n small local climbs ( good       

quality set 9 ! mid/ ( *>m+ sc5]y4      
,defoe's acc\nt ( x is extremely amus+3 
',i n[ ent]$ ,we/morl&1 a c\nty em95t   
only = be+ ! wilde/1 mo/ b>r51 &        
frightful ( any t ,i h pass$ ov] 9      
,engl& or 9 ,wales4 ,! we/ side1 :i*    
bord]s on ,cumb]l&1 is inde$ b\nd$ by a 
*a9 ( almo/ unpassable ,m\nta9s1 :i* 9 !
 language ( ! c\ntry are call$          
,fells4444 ,x mu/ be own$1 h[ev]1 t "h  
are "s v pleasant manufactur+ t[ns4'  ,!
 notion ( lake sc5]y be+ r5d]$ tol]able 
by manufactur+ t[ns is "o :i* may be    
recomm5d$ to ! ,def5ce ,society2 b ,mr4 
,defoe has n done yet3  ',:5 we ent]$ at
 ! ,s\? ,"p ( ?is ,c\nty1 ,i began inde$
 to ?9k ( ! m\nta9s ( ,sn[d5 9 ,nor?    
,wales1 see+ no?+ r\nd me 9 _m places b 
unpassable ,hills ^: tops cov]$ ) sn[   
seem$ to tell u all ! pleasant "p (     
,engl& 0 at an end4'   ,we/morl&'s      
,cairn is a conspicu\s object at ! edge 
ne>e/ to ,wa/wat] ( ! summit plateau (  
,great ,gable4 ,!re is a wide-spread    
impression t ?is cairn1 :i* is built 9 a

 /yle :i* w\ld d cr$it to a pr(essional 
'wall]1' 0 int5d$ to celebrate a climb2 
b ,messrs4 ,t4 & ,e4 ,we/morl&1 (       
,p5ri?1 :o built x 9 ,july #ahgf1 wi%$  
to m>k a po9t f :i* !y 'fe>lessly ass]t 
t ! detail view f> surpasses any view f 
,scafell ,pikes1 ,helvellyn1 or         
,skiddaw1 or ev5 ( ! :ole ,lake         
,di/rict4' ,at ! same "t ! %ort cliff on
 ! edge ( :i* ! cairn /&s is full ( neat
 'problems1' & x is cu/om>y to pay x a  
visit on ! way to ,gable ,top aft] a    
climb on ! ,napes4   ,we!rlam1 9        
,lanca%ire1 is ab\t #b1ejj ft41 & has "s
 crags on ! nor? side among :i* "h & !re
 good climb+ may be f\nd4 ,!y c be rea*$
 9 ab\t an h\r & a half f ei!r ,coni/on 
or ! inn at ,skel) ,bridge4 ,9 an       
article sign$ ',h4,a4,g4' 7i4e4         
,gwynne71 :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,pall ,mall    
,gazette 9 ,april #ahib1 ! foll[+       
description ( a "p ( x is giv53 ',on !  
we/ face !re is a bold cliff t /&s      
betwe5 two /eep gullies4 ,! cliff itself
 c be climb$1 & 9 w9t] ei!r ( ! gullies 

w\ld af=d a good h\r's h>d /ep-cutt+4 ,j
 n[1 aft] ! late sn[/orm1 ! m\nta9e]    
w\ld h ! excitem5t ( cutt+ ?r\gh a      
sn[-cornice :5 he arrives at ! top4 ,!  
precipice itself is fairly easy4 ,i     
happ5$ to f9d x 9 v bad condition4 ,all 
! rocks 7 %eet$ ) ice & extremely       
dang]\s4 ,9 "o "p !re 0 a n>r[1 /eep    
gully end+ 9 a fall4 ,x 0 full ( sn[ &  
look$ solid4 ,i _h sc>cely put my foot  
on x :5 ! sn[ slipp$ away ) a hiss &    
left me grabb+ at a knob ( ic$ rock t   
luckily 0 small en\gh = my grasp4 ,?is  
climb1 h[ev]1 9 ord9>y wea!r is by no   
means difficult4'   ,:]nside1 9         
,york%ire1 0 consid]$ ev5 z late z #aggj
 to be ! highe/ m\nta9 9 ,engl&1 #d1jej 
ft4 above ! sea4   ,:ite ,gill1 9       
,langdale1 ,we/morl&1 ne>ly at ! back ( 
! inn at ,millbeck1 d]ives its *ief     
int]e/ f ! loss ( ! two ,gre5s !re1 s   
graphically describ$ by ,de ,qu9cey4    
,?is & ! o!r gills betwe5 x & ,/ickle   
,t>n af=d good climb+ up ! walls by :i* 
!y are enclos$4   ,w9t] ,climbs4--,only 

a few ye>s ago a man :o ann\nc$ t he 0  
go+ to ! ,lakes 9 ! dep? ( w9t] w\ld h  
be5 ?\ght mad4 ,exclamations ( ?is k9d  
are ev5 n[ n unfrequ5tly call$ =? at t  
season ( ! ye>2 yet !y seem to h little 
or no effect 9 dim9i%+ ! numb] ( ^? :o  
ye> by ye> f9d !mselves someh[ attract$ 
to ! little inns :i* lie at ! foot (    
,sn[don or ( ,scafell ,pikes4  ,on      
,swiss m\nta9s w9t] excursions h be5    
made ev5 by ladies1 & p]haps ! ,briti%  
public 0 fir/ r5d]$ famili> ) ! idea by 
,mrs4 ,burnaby's book on ! subject4 ,b1 
9 tru?1 ! inv5tion is no new "o1 & ^?   
bold innovators :o fir/ d>$ to break    
?r\gh ! pale ( cu/om & to visit ,nor?   
,wales or ! ,lakes 9 mid-w9t] 7 ri*ly   
repaid = _! audacity2 = !re is h>dly any
 "t ( ye> at :i* a trip to ,lakel& is m 
?or\ghly enjoyable4  ,9 ! fir/ place1   
!re is no cr[d4 ,y c be sure t y w get a
 b$1 & t ! p ( ! h\se w n be1 z !y too  
(t5 are 9 ! summ] "t1 too mu* ov]work$  
to h "t to make y com=table1 or too full
 ( cu/om to c>e mu* :e!r y are com=table

 or n4 ,out ( doors !re is ! same       
delightful diff]5ce4 ,y /ride *e]ily    
along1 fre$ = a "t f ! d9 ( toil+       
cities1 & are n h>ass$ at e turn by h[l+
 h]ds ( unappreciative 'tripp]s4' ,! few
 :o d meet on ! m\nta9s are all b5t on !
 same err& & 'mean bus9ess'2 half-he>t$ 
folk :o h n q made up _! m9ds :e!r !y   
c>e = ! m\nta9s or n1 p :o come to !    
,lakes = fa%ion's sake1 or j to be able 
to say t !y h be5 !re1 are snugly at    
home coddl+ !mselves be=e ! fire4 ,y w h
 no companions b life-long lov]s ( !    
m\nta9s1 & robu/ "y fell[s ^: highe/    
ambition is to ga9 admission to ! ,alp9e
 ,club1 or1 hav+ ga9$ x1 to le>n to     
wield ) "s appe>ance ( dext]ity !       
pond]\s ice-axes :i* are indisp5sable to
 ! dignity ( _! position4 ,!n :at views 
are to be _h ?r\gh ! cle>1 fro/y air6   
,h[ diff]5t are ! firm outl9es ( ^?     
di/ant peaks f ! hazy indi/9ctness :i*  
usually falls to ! lot ( ! summ] t\ri/6 
,:at s5sation is m delightful ?an t (   
tramp+ along :ile ! crisp sn[ crun*es "u

 foot1 & gaz+ upw>d at ! lean black     
crags /&+ boldly out f ! long smoo?     
slopes ( dazzl+ :ite6 ,!re is no great  
v>iety ( col\r2 = ! rocks1 ?\gh a few   
are r$di%1 are = ! mo/ "p ( grey 9 v>y+ 
%ades2 yet !re is no monotony4  ,x is   
true t ,janu>y days h "o fault2 !y are  
too %ort4 ,or %all we n r say t !y seem 
s because--l y\?1 l life itself--!y are 
delightful8 ,!y w\ld n be too %ort if !y
 7 pass$ 7let u say7 9 break+ /ones by !
 roadside4 ,aft] all1 ! hills h]eab\ts  
are n s big b t 9 eight or n9e h\rs (   
brisk ex]tion a v satisfactory day's "w 
c be accompli%$4 ,9 %ort1 y\? & /r5g? 7&
 no "o c be said to h left ^! beh9d :o c
 /ill d]ive enjoym5t f a w9t]'s day on !
 ,fells7 c h>dly f9d a m delightful way 
( sp5d+ a week ( f9e fro/y wea!r4       
,wrynose4--,! pass betwe5 ,dunn]dale &  
,little ,langdale1 & ! meet+-po9t ( !   
?ree c\nties ( ,cumb]l&1 ,we/morl&1 &   
,lanca%ire4  ,x w\ld seem t we are poor]
 ?an our ance/ors by "o m\nta91 = all ! 
old au?orities speak ( ?is z a /up5d\s  

peak4 ,defoe's ,t\r 7#agec7 says3       
',wrynose1 "o ( its highe/ ,hills1 is   
rem>kable = its ?ree ,%ire ,/ones1 a    
,foot ,di/ance ea*4' ,! "n prop]ly      
und]/ood w\ld h put !m "r4 ,! natives   
pron\nce x 'raynus1' & ,i h n ! lea/    
d\bt t x repres5ts ',rav5's ,hause4'    
,inde$1 9 e>ly *>t]s ! =m ',wr5e%als' is
 actually f\nd1 & ! int]m$iate =m       
',wr5ose' is f\nd 9 a sixte5?-c5tury    
map4   ,yewb>r[ 7#b1jeh ft42 ,cumb]l& %4
 #gd7 is a n>r[ ridge a c\ple ( miles   
long1 :i*1 se5 end-on f ! %ore (        
,wa/wat]1 has all ! appe>ance ( a %>p   
peak4 ,!re is climb+ at ! nor? end ab\t 
,door ,head & ,/irrup ,crag1 :ile t[>ds 
! s\? end !re are two v int]e/+         
squ>e-cut 'doors' 9 ! summit ridge1     
app>5tly due to 'intrusive dykes1' &    
beyond !m ! little climb call$ ,bell    
,rib ,end4   ,york%ire 7see ,att]mire1  
,calf1 ,crav51 ,gordale1 ,+lebor\gh1    
,malham1 ,micklefell1 ,p5ygh5t1         
,pot-holes1 ,:]nside7--a c\nty ^: upl&s 
fall naturally into ?ree great          

divisions1 only "o ( :i*1 h[ev]1 dem&s !
 att5tion ( ! m\nta9e]4 ,! *alk ,wolds 9
 ! ,ea/ ,rid+1 & ! moorl& gr\p =m$ by ! 
,hambleton & ,clevel& ,hills1 may be    
dismiss$ "h ) a m]e m5tion4 ,! ?ird     
division1 :i* con/itutes a portion ( !  
,p5n9e ,*a91 &1 ent]+ ! c\nty f         
,we/morl& & ,durham on ! nor?1 /ret*es 9
 an unbrok5 l9e d[n its we/]n bord] to  
,d]by%ire on ! s\?1 approa*es m ne>ly to
 ! m\nta9 /&>d4 ,ev5 9 ?is division1    
h[ev]1 only t portion :i* lies to ! nor?
 ( ,skipton atta9s to any consid]able   
importance4 ,x is 9 ?is latt] di/rict--9
 ,crav51 t is1 & 9 ! valleys ( ! ,yore1 
! ,swale1 & ! ,tees--t we mu/ look = !  
f9e/ hill sc5]y 9 ,york%ire4 ,mo/ ( ^!  
m\nta9s consi/ ( lime/one1 capp$ 9 _m   
cases by mill/one grit1 & ( su* summits 
"s tw5ty-five or ?irty rise to a height 
( #b1jjj ft4 ,v few ( !m1 h[ev]1 exhibit
 individuality ( outl9e1 &1 ) !         
exception ( ! l[ l9es ( lime/one        
precipice :i* occasionally girdle !m1 & 
( ! wa/+ mill-/one bluffs :i*1 z 9 !    

case ( ,p5-hill or ,+lebor\gh1 sometimes
 gu>d _! highe/ slopes1 !y are altoge!r 
innoc5t ( crag4 ,if any climb+ is to be 
f\nd at all1 x w probably be among !    
num]\s 'pot-holes1' or on ! lime/one    
'sc>s1' su* z ,att]mire or ,gordale1 :i*
 m>k ! l9e ( ! ,crav5 ,fault4 ,! ,h[gill
 ,fells1 nor? ( ,s$burgh1 =m an         
exception to ! above rem>ks4 7,see      
,calf47  ,al?\gh ! climb] may f9d little
 opportunity to ex]cise 8 art among !   
,york%ire m\nta9s1 yet ! ord9>y         
hill-lov] w discov] ample recomp5se = ! 
"t sp5t 9 an exploration ( ^! hills &   
dales4 ,! asc5t ( ,micklefell1 ( ,great 
,:]nside1 ( ,p5ygh5t1 or ( ,+lebor\gh1  
:il/ n lack+ altoge!r ! excitem5t (     
m\nta9 climb+1 w introduce him to _m    
sc5es ( novel "* & ( a/oni%+ beauty4 ,x 
is only fair to m5tion t ! ,york%ire    
wat]falls are second to few 9 ! k+dom4  
,x is necess>y to add a ^w or two )     
reg>d to ! coa/4 ,! rapidly wa/+ cliffs 
to ! s\? ( ,flambor\gh are too          
insignificant = fur!r notice4           

,flambor\gh ,head1 :]e ! *alk atta9s to 
a height ( #dcf ft41 is notic$ else:]e4 
7,see ,*alk47 ,! l9e ( coa/ f           
,flambor\gh to ,saltburn1 pass+ ,filey1 
,sc>bor\gh1 & ,:itby1 pres5ts an almo/  
unbrok5 /ret* ( cliff1 :i*1 h[ev]1 w f9d
 great] fav\r ) ! l&scape-lov] ?an !    
climb]4 ,^! cliffs1 :i* consi/ *iefly ( 
! oolite & lias s]ies1 are ?r\gh\t      
crumbl+ & insecure1 & are v frequ5tly   
compos$ ( little m ?an clay & %ale4     
,rockcliff1 or ,b\lby ,cliff1 h[ev]1 ne>
 ,/ai!s1 m]its a c]ta9 am\nt ( att5tion4
 ,9 addition to n a little boldness (   
outl9e1 x enjoys--or1 at any rate1      
enjoy$--! reputation ( be+ ! highe/     
cliff 7#ffj ft47 on ! ,engli% coa/4     
,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,spottiswoode ,,& ,,co41  
,,new-,,/reet ,,squ>e ,,london     ,,!  
,,badm9ton ,,libr>y4 ,edit$ by ! ,,duke 
,,( ,,beau=t1 ,k4,g4 & ,a4,e4,t4        
,,watson4   ,,a?letics ,,& ,,football4  
,by ,,montague ,,%e>man4 ,) an          
,introduction by ,,sir ,,ri*>d ,,web/]1 
,q4,c4 ,m4,p4 ,) #ea ,illu/rations4     

,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,big ,,game   
,,%oot+4 ,by ,,clive                    
,,phillipps-,,wolley4 ,) ,contributions 
by ,sir ,,samuel ,w4 ,,bak]1 ,w4,c4     
,,oswell1 ,f4,j4 ,,jackson1 ,,w>burton  
,,pike1 ,f4,c4 ,,sel\s1 ,,lieut4-,,col4 
,r4 ,,heb] ,,p]cy1 ,,arnold ,,pike1     
,major ,,alg]non ,c4 ,,heb] ,,p]cy1     
,w4,a4 ,,baillie-,,grohman1 c4  ,vol4   
,i4 ,africa & ,am]ica4 ,) #bj ,plates & 
#eg ,illu/rations 9 ! ,text4 ,cr[n #hvo4
 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,europe1      
,asia1 & ! ,arctic ,regions4 ,) #ag     
,plates & #ef ,illu/rations 9 ! ,text4  
,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,boat+4 ,by   
,w4,b4 ,,woodgate4 ,) an ,introduction  
by ! ,rev4 ,,edmond ,,w>re1 ,d4,d4 & a  
,*apt] on ',r[+ at ,eton' by ,r4 ,,h>vey
 ,,mason4 ,) #di ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n   
#hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,c\rs+ ,,&          
,,falconry4 ,by ,,h>d+ ,,cox & ! ,hon4  
,,g]ald ,,lascelles4 ,) #gf             
,illu/rations4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4   
,,cricket4 ,by ,a4,g4 ,,/eel & ! ,hon4  
,r4,h4 ,,lyttelton4 ,) ,contributions by

 ,,&rew ,,lang1 ,r4,a4,h4 ,,mit*ell1    
,w4,g4 ,,grace1 & ,f4 ,,gale4 ,) #fd    
,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  
,,cycl+4 ,by ,,visc\nt ,,bury1          
,k4,c4,m4,g4 7! ,e>l ( ,albem>le71 & ,g4
 ,,lacy ,,hilli]4 ,) #hi ,illu/rations4 
,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,driv+4 ,by ,8
 ,grace ! ,,duke ,,( ,,beau=t1 ,k4,g4 ,)
 #fe ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4   
#f;d4  ,,f5c+1 ,,box+1 & ,,wre/l+4 ,by  
,,walt] ,h4 ,,pollock1 ,f4,o4 ,,grove1  
,c4 ,,prevo/1 ,e4,b4 ,,mit*ell1 &       
,,walt] ,,arm/rong4 ,) #db              
,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  
,,fi%+4 ,by ,h4 ,,*olmondeley-,,p5nell4 
,) ,contributions by ! ,,m>quis ,,(     
,,exet]1 ,,h5ry ,r4 ,,francis1 ,major   
,,john ,p4 ,,trah]ne1 ,,fr$]ic ,m4      
,,hal=d1 ,g4 ,,*ri/oph] ,,davies1 ,r4,b4
 ,,m>/on1 c4  ,vol4 ,i4 ,salmon & ,tr\t4
 ,) #aeh ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4     
#ajs4 #f;d4  ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,pike & o!r    
,co>se ,fi%4 ,) #acc ,illu/rations4     
,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,golf4 ,by    
,,horace ,g4 ,,hut*9son1 ! ,"r ,hon4    

,a4,j4 ,,balf\r1 ,m4,p4 ,sir ,,walt] ,g4
 ,,simpson1 ,b>t4 ,,"l ,,wellwood1      
,h4,s4,c4 ,,ev]>d1 ,,&rew ,,lang1 & o!r 
,writ]s4 ,) #hi ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n    
#hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,hunt+4 ,by ! ,,duke
 ,,( ,,beau=t1 ,k4,g4 & ,,m[bray        
,,morris4 ,) ,contributions by ! ,,e>l  
,,( ,,suffolk ,,& ,,b]k%ire1 ,rev4      
,e4,w4,l4 ,,davies1 ,,digby ,,coll9s1   
,sir ,,m>te9e ,,lloyd1 ,,george ,h4     
,,longman1 ,j4,c4 ,,gibbons1 & ,,alfr$  
,e4,t4 ,,watson4 ,) #fj ,illu/rations4  
,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,m\nta9e]+4   
,by ,c4,t4 ,,d5t1 ) ,contributions by   
,w4,m4 ,,conway1 ,d4,w4 ,,fre%field1    
,c4,e4 ,,ma!ws1 ,c4 ,,pilk+ton1 ,sir ,f4
 ,,pollock1 ,h4,g4 ,,will9k1 & an       
,introduction by ,mr4 ,,ju/ice ,,wills4 
,) #ajh ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4
 #f;d4  ,,rac+ ,,& ,,/eeple-,,*as+4     
,rac+3 ,by ! ,,e>l ,,( ,,suffolk ,,&    
,,b]k%ire & ,w4,g4 ,,crav54 ,) a        
,contribution by ! ,hon4 ,f4 ,,lawley4  
,/eeple-*as+3 ,by ,,ar?ur ,,cov5try &   
,,alfr$ ,e4,t4 ,,watson4 ,) #eh         

,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  
,,rid+ ,,& ,,polo4 ,by ,capta9 ,,rob]t  
,,weir1 ,rid+ ,ma/]1 ,r4,h4,g4 & ,j4    
,,moray ,,br[n4 ,) ,contributions by !  
,,duke ,,( ,,beau=t1 ! ,,e>l ,,(        
,,suffolk ,,& ,,b]k%ire1 ! ,,e>l ,,(    
,,onsl[1 ,e4,l4 ,,&]son1 & ,,alfr$ ,e4  
,t4 ,,watson4 ,) #ei ,illu/rations4     
,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,%oot+4 ,by   
,,"l ,,wals+ham & ,sir ,,ralph          
,,payne-,,gallwey1 ,b>t4 ,)             
,contributions by ,,"l ,,lovat1 ,,"l    
,,*>les ,,l5nox ,,k]r1 ! ,hon4 ,g4      
,,lascelles1 & ,a4,j4 ,,/u>t-,,wortley4 
,vol4 ,i4 ,field & ,cov]t4 ,) #aje      
,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4#f;d4   
,vol4 ,,ii4 ,moor & ,m>%4 ,) #fe        
,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  
,,skat+1 ,,curl+1 ,,toboggan+1 & o!r    
,,ice ,,sports4 ,by ,j4,m4 ,,hea?cote1  
,c4,g4 ,,tebbutt1 ,t4 ,,maxwell ,,)am1 !
 ,rev4 ,,john ,,k]r1 ,,ormond ,,hake1 & 
,,h5ry ,a4 ,,buck4 ,) #bhd              
,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  
,,swimm+4 ,by ,,ar*ibald ,,s9clair &    

,,william ,,h5ry1 ,hon4 ,secs4 ( !      
,life-,sav+ ,society4 ,) #aai           
,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  
,,t5nis1 ,,lawn ,,t5nis1 ,,rackets1 &   
,,fives4 ,by ,j4,m4 & ,c4,g4 ,,hea?cote1
 ,e4,o4 ,,pleydell-,,b\v]ie1 & ,a4,c4   
,,a+]4 ,) ,contributions by ! ,hon4 ,a4 
,,lyttelton1 ,w4,c4 ,,m>%all1 ,miss ,l4 
,,dodd1 ,h4,w4,w4 ,,wilb]=ce1 ,h4,f4    
,,law=d1 c4 ,) #gi ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n 
#hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4  ,,ya*t+4 ,by ,sir    
,,edw>d ,,sullivan1 ,,"l ,,brassey1     
,r4,t4 ,,prit*ett1 ! ,,e>l ,,( ,,onsl[1 
,,lewis ,,h]re%(f1 c4 ,) #cji           
,illu/rations4 #b vols4 ,cr[n #hvo4     
#ajs4 #f;d4 ea*4   ,london3 ,,longmans1 
,,gre51  ,,co4  444 ,transcrib]'s note3 
,inconsi/5t hyph5ation is z 9 ! orig9al4
 444