,,transcrib]',s ,,note   ,?is etext     
diff]s f ! orig9al 9 ! foll[+ ways4     
,?ree m9or typographical errors h be5   
correct$ t did n affect ! s5se ( ! text4
 ,! oe "* is %[n z oe4                  
,,recollections ,,& ,,impressions       
#ahbb-ahij                   ,,octavius 
,,brooks ,,fro?+ham    ,,au?or ,,(      
,,bo/on ,,unit>ianism1 #ahbj-ahej1 ,a   
,,/udy ,,( ,,! ,,life           ,,& ,,"w
 ,,( ,,na?aniel ,,langdon ,,fro?+ham1   
,,! ,,religion ,,( ,,humanity1 ,,etc41  
,,etc4                    ,g4 ,p4       
,,putnam',s ,,sons                      
,,new ,,york     ,,london    #bg ,,we/  
,,tw5ty-,,?ird ,,/4 #bg ,,k+ ,,william  
,,/41 ,,/r&                  ,!         
,knick]bock] ,press                     
#ahia                      ,,copyright1 
#ahia ,,by                ,,octavius    
,,brooks ,,fro?+ham              ,!     
,knick]bock] ,press1 ,new ,york         
,electrotyp$1 ,pr9t$1 & ,b\nd by ,g4 ,p4
 ,putnam's ,sons     ,,cont5ts          
,,page      ,i ,,p>5tage                

#a     ,,ii ,,education                 
#ai    ,,iii ,,div9ity ,,s*ool          
#be     ,,iv ,,salem                    
#ce      ,v ,,! ,,crisis ,,9 ,,belief   
#ec     ,,vi ,,j]sey ,,city             
#fe    ,,vii ,,new ,,york               
#gf   ,,viii ,,w>                       
#ajd     ,,ix ,,! ,,free ,,religi\s     
,,association                  #aae     
,x ,,! ,,progress ,,( ,,religi\s ,,?\ght
 ,,9 ,,am]ica    #acc     ,,xi ,,!      
,,cl]ical ,,pr(ession                   
#adf    ,,xii ,,my ,,tea*]s             
#afe   ,,xiii ,,my ,,companions         
#aij    ,,xiv ,,my ,,fri5ds             
#bbe     ,,xv ,,! ,,pres5t ,,situation  
#bdh    ,,xvi ,,! ,,religi\s ,,future   
,,( ,,am]ica                 #bgb       
,,xvii ,,confessions                    
#bhi        ,,index                     
#cjc     ,,recollections ,,&            
,,impressions4   ,i4 ,,p>5tage4   ,my   
fa!r 01 z ,i h said else:]e1 a cl]gyman 
9 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts1 a ,unit>ian    
m9i/] to ! ,fir/ ,*ur*1 /&+ 9 a long l9e

 ( m51 ( :om ! e>lie/ 0 sev]ely or?odox1
 :ile he abhorr$ or?odoxy4 ,yet he 0    
orda9$ )\t hesitation1 0 m ?an          
acceptable to ! be/ m9ds ?r\gh a s]vice 
( ?irty-five ye>s1 & cont9u$ m & m      
unor?odox to ! end2 s gradually &       
ins5sibly did ! ,puritan t5ets disappe> 
"o by "o until ! %ad[ ( !m only rema9$4 
,we are assur$ t by #aghj ne>ly all !   
congregational pulpits 7 fill$ by       
,arm9ians4 ,9 #ahae1 ! ye> ( my fa!r's  
ord9ation1 !y 7 well dome/icat$ 9 ,new  
,engl&1 ,calv9ism hav+ lo/ its hold on !
 m9ds ( ?9k+ p1 & none b ke5-ey$ wat*]s 
on ! t[] see+ :at c\rse op9ion 0 tak+4  
,h[ f> ! t5d5cy t[>ds ! moral &         
practical view ( religion z di/9ct f !  
speculative view _h gone1 is well       
illu/rat$ 9 my fa!r's case4 ,he 0 a man 
( excell5t education1 "o ( ! be/ s*ol>s 
9 a di/+ui%$ class at ,h>v>d1 an        
en?usia/ = intellectual cultivation1    
s+ul>ly ref9$ 9 p]ception1 an acute     
critic1 a c>eful1 precise1 elegant      
writ]4 ,8 ta/es 7 pre-em95tly lit]>y4   

,?is is said 9 full view ( ! fact t he 0
 a le>n$ !ologian1 a pung5t disputant1 a
 zeal\s /ud5t ( biblical rese>*es1 a    
fai?ful pa/or4  ,he 0 ess5tially a man (
 lett]s4 ,8 passion 0 = ! ,lat9         
classics4 ,! be/ edition ( ,cic]o 0 on 8
 %elves2 ! f9e/ copy ( ,horace grac$ 8  
book-case4 ,8 k ( ! ,greek lit]ature &  
language 0 fair4 ,he 0 fond ( poetry ( a
 /ately & romantic description2 01      
himself1 a poet ( a g5tle1 m$itative1   
spiritual ca/1 especially em95t z a     
compos] ( hymns writt5 = *ur* occasions1
 ! d$ication ( meet+-h\ses1 !           
consecration ( m9i/]s1 _m ( !m ( p]man5t
 & g5]al value1 z bo? lib]al & or?odox  
collections atte/2 :ile he has done z   
mu* z any man 9 8 g5]ation to elevate1  
purify1 & console delicate & s]i\s      
natures4  ,8 libr>y ( ab\t ?ree ?\s&    
volumes 0 exce$+ly miscellane\s1        
illu/rat+ ! bread? ( 8 int]e/s & !      
activity ( 8 m9d4 ,!re 7 ,bibles ( *oice
 editions & 9 e tongue4 ,!re 7 biblical 
comm5t>ies1 diction>ies1 gramm>s4 ,!    

,*ur* ,fa!rs 7 well repres5t$4 ,*ur*    
hi/ory 0 pres5t$ by its be/ n>rators4 ,b
 ! bulk ( ! collection 0 secul>4 ,x     
conta9$ copies ( ,addison1 ,johnson1    
,bayle1 ,c>lyle1 ,milton1 ,bacon1       
,dante1 ,dick5s1 ,em]son1 ,grote1       
,%akespe>e1 ,goe!1 ,s*ill]1 ,hugo1      
,he]51 ,hume1 ,iri>te1 ,mi*elet1 ,less+1
 ,k+sley1 ,macaulay1 ,longfell[1        
,plut>*1 ,p9d>1 ,pope1 ,scott1 ,r\sseau1
 ,rac9e1 ,rueck]t1 ,rabelais1 ,tasso1   
,george ,s&1 ,?ucydides1 ,!ocritus1     
,virgil1 ,voltaire1 ,wiel&1 ,pl9y1      
,wordswor?1 ,wilk9son1 ,zs*okke1 ,walt  
,:itman4 ,!y 7 v v>i\s4 ,!y comm&$ all  
extremes3 ,augu/9e & ,anacreon2 ,aratus 
& ,annual ,regi/]2 ,a,eschylus &        
,moli]e2 ,ari/otle & ,h]rick2 ,s5eca &  
,horace2 ,anton9us & ,almanacs2 ,burton 
& ,boccaccio4 ,!re 0 no pure            
metaphysics--a comp5dium or two (       
philosophy1 a bit ( ,sp9oza1 ( ,kant1 ( 
,c\s91 ( ,j\ffroy1 ( ,malebran*e1 !     
,dialogues ( ,plato--no?+ ( ,s*ell+ or  
,hegel4 ,i f9d ,proclus1 & ,jamblicus1 &

 ,boehme1 & dramatic lit]ature 9 ,greek1
 ,lat91 ,fr5*1 ,g]man4 ,"h is           
,burlamaqui on ,law1 & ,erasmus ,d>w91 &
 ,godw9's ,memoirs ( ,m>y               
,woll/onecraft1 & ! ,hitopadesa1 & !    
,hymns ( ,orpheus1 & ,palaephatus1      
toge!r ) _m a =gott5 book4  ,! favorite 
language next to ,engli% 0 ,g]man1 !n   
came ,fr5*1 !n ,lat91 :i* 0 pretty well 
repres5t$ 9 its lit]ature4 ,dr4         
,fro?+ham 0 a wide read]1 b 8 f9e/ gift 
0 a p[] ( p5etrat+ to ! he>t ( an au?or1
 a p[] t 0 ak9 to g5ius4 ,he call$      
himself a ta/]4 ,b e ta/] mu/ take into 
8 m\? "s ?+s t are unpleasant1 & he did4
 ,he nibbl$ at ,he9e1 b ,he9e's         
philosophy disgu/$ him4 ,he nibbl$ at   
,br[n+1 b ,br[n+'s lack ( s5su\s music  
did n satisfy 8 idea ( poetry4 ,8 m9d1  
tra9$ 9 ! old s*ool1 c\ld n adapt itself
 to ! new /yle ( expression4  ,he gladly
 turn$ 8 back on doctr9es he did n l4   
,he 0 spiritually m9d$1 b sob]ly s1 z if
 to be spiritually m9d$ belong$ to a    
special temp]am5t2 a ,*ri/ian !i/ 9 all 

respects1 ?\gh indiff]5t to _m details (
 ,*ri/ian doctr9e2 an optimi/ on        
pr9ciple z well z f in/9ct1 incl9$ to   
put ! mo/ *e]ful con/ruction on ! ways (
 div9e ,provid5ce1 & to look pati5tly on
 ! moral conditions ( human life2 an    
unque/ion+ believ] 9 ,*ri/1 immortality1
 ! ne$ ( revelation1 ! supremacy ( !    
religi\s & moral nature1 ! dem& = !     
/eady influ5ce ( ! spiritual _w to      
enlight5 mank9d on ! tru?s ( consci5ce  
no less ?an on ! my/]ies ( fai?4 ,he 0  
no se]1 gaz+ on ?+s unse5 ) ! p5etrat+1 
inw>d eye2 no prophet possess$ by an    
ov]:elm+ conviction ( ! absolute law2 no
 reg5]ator believ+ t m5 mu/ be lift$ up 
f ! e>? by an int]ior r5ewal ( s\l2 no  
re=m] b5t on *ang+ ! circum/ances (     
society4 ,he 0 an apo/le ( air1 sun%9e1 
& ! mild1 entic+ summ] %[] :i* cov]$ !  
w9try gr\nd ) ! smil+ grass & !         
sweet-smell+ fl[]s4 ,re=m]s1 ( :atev]   
s*ool1 7 n to 8 ta/e1 p>tly because _!  
me?ods seem$ to him viol5t1 b p>tly also
 because _! prim>y assumption t ! _w 0  

out ( jo9t did n comm& 8 sympa?y4 ,he   
c\ld n ?9k t ! e/abli%$ in/itutions ( ! 
age ought to be subv]t$1 ev5 ?\gh !y    
might be improv$ "u enlight5$ tea*+4    
,socially he 0 cons]vative1 al?\gh by no
 means reaction>y2 dispos$ to see ! s\l 
( good 9 ?+s evil1 ?\gh n always z      
/udi\s z "o mu/ ne$s be to se>* x out4  
,r he took x = grant$1 & 0 (t5 impati5t 
) ^? :o felt ke5ly ! evil b c\ld n      
discov] ! good4  ,high-m9d$ he 0 r ?an  
deep-s\l$2 dev\t 9 s5tim5t1 *ivalr\sly  
moral 9 pr9ciple & 9 practice2 ideal1   
poetic1 delicate ( s5sibility1 b n so>+ 
( _s2 c]ta9ly n a spiritual en?usia/1 z 
little a prosaic plodd]2 no my/ic b no  
disciple ( common-s5se4 ,= ! dignity1   
dec5cy1 purity1 propriety ( ! cl]ical   
pr(ession he _h great reg>d1 b z mu* on 
acc\nt ( its social position z on acc\nt
 ( its sanctity4 ,x indicat$ ! highe/   
type ( g5tlemanl9ess1 ! f9e/ /yle (     
p]sonal "*1 a k9d ( exquisite c\rtl9ess 
( manhood1 humanity ( a f9i%$ /amp (    
elegance2 & he res5t$ ev]y?+ l an       

admixture ( ord9>y philan?ropy4 ,x 0 9 8
 view a desc5t to ent] ! ar5a ( /rife   
ev5 = ! purpose ( remov+ an evil4 ,!nce 
8 dislike ( ,*ann+2 8 disapproval (     
,pi]pont1 o!rwise a p>ticul> favorite ( 
82 8 disagreem5t ) ,p>k]1 ( :om he 0    
fond4 ,:5 ! ,miscellanies 7 publi%$ !   
writ] s5t a copy to 8 fri5d1 :o         
ackn[l$g$ ! volume by a lett] 9 :i*     
expressions ( p]sonal affection 7       
curi\sly bl5d$ ) antipa?y t[>ds ! class 
( speculations ) :i* ,mr4 ,p>k] 0       
id5tifi$4 ,george ,ripley & ,r4 ,w4     
,em]son won & held 8 atta*m5t to ! end1 
b he nev] visit$ ,brook ,f>m1 & 0 deaf  
to solicitations to jo9 ! ,transc5d5tal 
,club4  ,8 fri5ds 7 _m & v>i\s--,em]son1
 ,ripley1 ,francis1 ,h$ge1 ,b>tol1      
,/etson1 ,p>kman1 ,longfell[1 ,felton1  
,hill>d1--! li/ is long1 = ! sunny temp]
 ( ! man drew all he>ts to him & 8 w>m  
affectionat5ess ( disposition made him  
t5aci\s ( good-w4 ,he 0 int]e/$ 9 m5 z  
individuals n z memb]s ( a clique or    
p>ty1 & 0 n repell$ by diff]5ces (      

op9ion :]e 8 he>t 0 engag$4 ,on ! :ole1 
8 sympa?ies 7 ) cons]vatives l ,george  
,ticknor & ,w4 ,h4 ,prescott1 & ! lit]>y
 _s ma9ly kept him 9 association ) ^?4  
,:]e ?is _s 0 want+ & !re 0 div]g5ce (  
s5tim5t !re 0 no attempt at intimacy4   
,( int]e/ 9 ! d5om9ation1 ! sect1 ! p>ty
 "n1 he 0 absolutely devoid4 ,he nev]   
att5d$ ! conv5tions or conf]5ces ( !    
,unit>ian body or spoke 9 _!            
delib]ations4 ,on anniv]s>y week x 0 =  
_m ye>s 8 cu/om to visit ,new ,york1 :]e
 no pr(essional responsibility re/$ ^u  
him1 & :]e he c\ld f9d recreations ( a  
purely social k9d4 ,b at ! ,bo/on       
,association :]e he met fri5ds "o by "o1
 & c\ld talk half confid5tially1 )      
p]fect fre$om1 9 a conv]sational tone1  
he delight$ to be pres5t4  ,= ! re/1 he 
0 a man univ]sally respect$1 admir$1 &  
belov$1 mir?ful & sportive1 m ?an       
tol]ant ( gaiety1 z a rule 9 excell5t   
spirits1 ?\gh subject1 z su* temp]am5ts 
usually are1 to moods ( depression4 ,)\t
 private ambition & utt]ly de/itute (   

vanity1 8 unev5tful days 7 sp5t among 8 
fri5ds & 8 books4 ,! r\nd ( cl]ical     
duties 0 ev5 & monoton\s2 8 call+ _h few
 excitem5ts2 ev5 pov]ty _h limits1 &    
social iniquity 0 manageable 9 ^? times 
:5 relations 7 simple4 ,! r\t9e (       
p>o*ial s]vice 0 su* z a fri5dly man (  
quick sympa?ies & ready spee* c\ld      
easily dis*>ge 9 a few h\rs ( ea* week1 
nor 0 ! transition viol5t f x to ! quiet
 libr>y1 ! companion%ip ( ,cic]o1       
,%akespe>e1 ,milton1 ,walt] ,scott1     
,h]d]1 ,rueck]t4 ,! love ( art1 society1
 lit]ature1 0 n inconsi/5t ) a love ( ! 
,savi\r2 & ?\gh z a matt] ( ta/e he w\ld
 n h spok5 ( a sonata ( ,bee?ov5 9 a    
s]mon1 !re 0 no?+ 9 8 philosophy to r5d]
 secul> allusions improp]4  ,8 lit]>y   
pr$ilections 7 some:at at ! m]cy ( 8    
s5se ( beauty1 z if he _h an eye to     
arti/ic effect q z mu* z to intellectual
 ju/ice1 z if ! firm l9es ( logical     
disc]nm5t 7 blurr$ by ! passion = poetic
 or sc5ic grace4 ,( ! two fam\s ,g]man  
writ]s ab\t :om op9ions 7 divid$1 he    

greatly pref]r$ ,s*ill] to ,goe!1       
probably because ! =m] 0 glori\s1 ard5t1
 declamatory4 ,( ! two em95t ,engli%    
noveli/s :om all ! _w 0 read+1 ,dick5s 0
 8 *oice f> above ,?ack]ay1 p]haps = !  
reason t ,dick5s _h color & w>m? (      
s5tim5t1 :ile ,?ack]ay seem$ to him     
cold1 skeptical1 & cynical4 ,! fl[ (    
eloqu5ce1 ! *>m ( dramatic /yle made him
 reli% au?ors z radically unlike z      
,c>lyle1 ,rusk91 & ,macaulay1 r5d]+ him 
unm9dful ( qualities 9 _! ca/ ( ?\ght   
:i* he might h disapprov$ ( if less     
s$uctively pres5t$4 ,:5 a lady object$  
to ,macaulay on ! score ( 8 mat]ial     
e?ics1 ,dr4 ,fro?+ham 0 too mu*         
captivat$ by ,macaulay's mann] to       
criticise 8 philosophy1 & he let !      
philosophy g4 ,x sometimes look$ z if ! 
way 9 :i* ?+s 7 said 0 ( m importance 9 
8 view ?an ! ?+s !mselves2 b x 0 n s1 = 
he c\ld respond to ideal s5tim5ts :5 !y 
(f]$ !mselves fairly to 8 m9d1 & 8 moral
 indignation aga9/ an act ( flagrant    
turpitude 0 quick & hot4  ,) politics1  

:e!r speculative or practical1 he gave  
himself small conc]n1 = 9 8 day politics
 7 h>dly an honorable call+4 ,he belong$
 to ! ,:ig p>ty1 z x 0 !n call$1 because
 x compris$ ! great] numb] ( educat$    
m5--s*ol>s1 div9es1 lawy]s1 physicians1 
judges1 & p ( consid]ation f _! position
 9 society4 ,! ,republican p>ty 9       
,massa*usetts 0 n =m$ till 8 public life
 0 ne>ly end$1 & we may d\bt :e!r he    
w\ld 9 any case h connect$ himself ) x1 
= its aims & purposes 7 h>dly su* z he  
c\ld h gone along )4 ,! well-kn[n       
s5tim5t1 ascrib$ to ,w5dell ,phillips1  
,peace if possible1 ,tru? at any rate1  
he w\ld 9 all probability h rev]s$ s z  
to read1 ,tru? if possible1 ,peace at   
any rate2 n because ! se>* = tru? 0     
difficult1 & peace furni%$ ! mo/ promis+
 conditions = f9d+ x1 b because peace 0 
pref]able 9 itself z be+ /able & quiet4 
,he 0 n a fight]2 he dislik$ ! noise (  
battle2 8 horror ( anti-slav]y          
agitation1 z ( all o!r1 0 con/itutional2
 & ev5 if he _h be5 conv9c$ ( ! slave's 

degradation1 no mode ( r$ress t 0       
propos$ comm5d$ itself to 8 g5tle1      
appreh5sive m9d4 ,to him ! *ief int]e/ (
 society 0 enlight5m5t associat$ )      
ref9em5t2 ! ne$$ influ5ce 0 t (         
education4 ,he 0 a delicately organiz$1 
s5sitive man1 fond ( repose1 happy 9 8  
temp]am5t1 9 8 ta/es1 9 8 occupation1 9 
8 social position1 9 8 relation%ips1 9 8
 home4 ,he _h 8 disappo9tm5ts & sorr[s l
 o!r m51 b he did n rep9e4 ,8 latt] ye>s
 7 afflict$ ) total bl9dness1 accompani$
 by con/ant di/ress & /eadily increas+  
pa92 b 8 fri5ds nev] fail$ to f9d him   
*e]ful2 ! companion :o m9i/]$ to 8 daily
 necessities & cull$ f books &          
p]iodicals ! mat]ials = 8 ent]ta9m5t1   
seldom _h reason to compla9 ( 8         
petulance2 ! visitor c\ld ) difficulty  
be br\ght to believe t ! man 0 liv+ 9 ! 
pres5ce ( dea?1 & 0 expos$ to frightful 
phantoms due to a sl[ly decompos+ bra94 
,8 ae/hetic ta/es 7 active1 z may be    
suppos$1 & w\ld h be5 ke5 if !re _h be5 
opportunity = cultivat+ !m1 & leisure to

 pursue !m4 ,! pictures t adorn$ 8 p>lor
 walls 7 n di/+ui%$ z works ( art1 b !y 
7 pure 9 s5tim5t1 !y %[$ a love ( color1
 & ( ! highe/ tru?4 ,!re 0 n mu* f9e    
pa9t+ at t "t 9 ,am]ica1 & :at !re 0    
requir$ = its fair appreciation m tra9+ 
& exp]i5ce ?an 0 possess$ by "o imm]s$ 9
 ! c>es ( an exact+ pr(ession & int]e/$ 
also 9 lit]>y pursuits4 ,mr4 ,fro?+ham's
 arti/ic ta/e 01 besides1 s mu*         
controll$ by moral feel+ t he c\ld n be 
critical ( =m4 ,( art = its own sake he 
_h no conception1 & c\ld h none1 = t cry
 :i* voices ! dem&s ( te*nical execution
 _h n be5 rais$2 b ev5 if x _h be5 he   
w\ld h felt no sympa?y ) any k9d (      
excell5ce t 0 n directly associat$ ) !  
moral s5tim5t4  ,8 ta/e 9 music 0 mu* l 
8 ta/e 9 pa9t+1--t is to say1 x 0       
un$ucat$ & unsci5tific4 ,to ! great     
music1--t ( ! intellect & ! s\l1--!     
compositions ( ! ma/]s1 ( ,ba*1 ,moz>t1 
,bee?ov51 ,m5delssohn1 he 0 indiff]5t2 b
 ! music ( ! he>t1 ( feel+1 emotion1    
elevat$ passion1--! ,scot* songs1 !     

,iri% melodies1 ! ,engli% lays1         
madrigals1 glees1 0 8 delight4 ,he 0    
especially fond ( religi\s airs4 ,!     
oratorios ( ,! ,creation & ,! ,messiah  
he 0 nev] tir$ ( he>+4 ,8 voice 0       
melodi\s1 & he 0 fond ( us+ x4 ,8       
organi/ taught him ! pr9ciples ( 8 own  
art1 & h\rs 7 sp5t at a p>lor-organ 9   
play+ favorite hymn-tunes1 ! melody (   
:i* he sang z he play$4 ,he amus$ 8     
*ildr5 by trill+ nurs]y ditties1 & jo9$ 
8 boys z !y p]=m$ glees f ! ,orphean    
,lyre1 sometimes s++ ) ! he>t q z mu* z 
) ! und]/&+4 ,8 joy\s nature express$   
itself in/9ctively 9 song4 ,8 :ole n]v\s
 sy/em respond$ to x4 ,he 0 transport$  
out ( himself by sweet /ra9s1 & fairly  
trembl$ "u ! influ5ce ( div9e h>monies4 
,mr4 ,fro?+ham's love ( dramatic art    
am\nt$ to a passion1 b ! art mu/ be high
 z well z pure4 ,trag$y he did n l4 ,all
 ( ! ,%akespe>ian plays he 0 critically 
famili> )1 b he lov$ ,! ,tempe/ be/1 z  
unit+ poetry ) *e]fulness 9 fulle/      
measure4 ,! l9es he wrote on !          

re/oration ( ! ,f$]al ,/reet ,!atre     
express$ ! dep? ( 8 int]e/4 ,a religi\s 
society1 aft]w>ds ! ,c5tral ,*ur* 9     
,w9t] ,/reet1 0 ga!r$ "h4 ,( ?is k9d (  
ent]prise ! poet says3      ,m rev]5ce  
?an befits u "h to tell1     ,we yield  
to c\rts :]e sacr$ honors dwell4     ,b 
h n !y _! places8 ,h n we8     ,has n   
ea* lib]al prov9ce leave to be8  ,!     
,lecture-,room he _h little respect =1  
none at all = ! ,v>iety ,%[4 ,to e      
device he wi%es a cordial f>ewell1      
exclaim+3      ,re/or$6 ,re/or$6 ,well  
kn[n s long a "t1     ,^! buri$ glories 
rise z 9 _! prime4     ,our ta/es may   
*ange z fickle fa%ions-fly1     ,b art  
is safe3 ! ,drama _c die4     ,m ?an    
re/or$6 ,:ate'er ! p5 s9ce wr\ght     ,(
 l(tie/1 sprightlie/1 "h t weal? has    
br\ght4     ,:ate'er ! progress ( ! age 
has l5t     ,( pur] ta/e & comeli]      
ornam5t1--     ,to ?is our temple x     
transf]s its /ore1     ,& makes ea* po9t
 %9e loveli] ?an be=e4  ,b ! drama mu/  
be clean3      ,b m yet1--& h[ mu*6 ,we 

claim a praise     ,! ,playh\se knew n 9
 ! anci5t days4     ,own u1 ye he>ts )  
moral purpose w>m6     ,our ^w ,r5ewal  
adds ! ^w ,re=m4             99       99
       99       99       99      ,come1 
fri5ds ( ,virtue6 ,%>e ! fea/ we spread4
     ,x loads no spirits1 & x heats no  
head4     ,b r\ses =? ea* p[] ( m9d &   
s\l     ,) food ambrosial & its fairy   
b[l4             99       99       99   
99       99      ,he>ts are improv$ by  
,feel+'s play & /rife2     ,ref9$       
amusem5t humanizes life4     ,s wrote ! 
,sages1 :om ! _w admir$2     ,s sang !  
,poets1 :o ! _w inspir$2     ,:y 9 ,new 
,engl&'s ,a!ns is decri$     ,:at old   
,a!nian culture ?\ght its pride8  ,?us  
,righte\sness & ,peace are made to kiss 
ea* o!r4 ,art & ,virtue walk h& 9 h&4 ,!
 sole condition is t art %all be virtu\s
 & t virtue %all be arti/ic4 ,!re 0 a   
s+ul> bl5d+ 9 8 m9d ( ! sacr$ & !       
secul>4 ,p]haps ,mat!w ,arnold's        
def9ition ( religion z morality t\*$ )  
emotion comes z ne> express+ ,dr4       

,fro?+ham's conception z any4 ,!re mu/  
be morality2 t is c>d9al2 t lies at !   
f\ndation ( all sy/ems2 t mu/ be /rict &
 high4 ,b emotion is indisp5sable also4 
,?is runs into praise1 ! love (         
goodness1 ! wor%ip ( ! highe/4 ,?is     
imp>ts w>m?1 gl[1 passion1 ! upw>d lift 
t inspires4 ,morality alone is cold1    
emotion alone is apt to be vision>y4 ,b 
! two unit$ propel ! %ip1 "o s]v+ z     
balla/ to keep x /eady1 & "o z sails to 
cat* ! w9ds ( heav54  ,my "m 0 an       
example ( pure "*4 ,%e laid no claim    
:atev] to lit]>y tal5t4 ,inde$ %e _h    
none4 ,i _c associate h] ) books ( any  
special description1 b ,i c always      
associate h] ) goodness1 ) humility1    
s9c]ity1 duty1 k9dness1 pity1 &         
simplicity4 ,tru?fulness 0 h] great     
virtue1 & 0 sav$ f bluntness only by h] 
delicate feel+ = o!rs & h] inborn       
polit5ess4 ,! sev]e/ rebuke ,i ev]      
receiv$ f h] 0 on acc\nt ( a %>p        
arraignm5t ( m]*ants 9 a y\?ful s]mon1  
:i* to h] seem$ presumptu\s4 ,h]        

h\sehold c>es1 ! nurture ( h] *ildr5 7%e
 _h sev51 five sons & two daught]s1 all 
( :om %e tra9$ mo/ c>efully l a devot$  
"m71 ! family visit+s1 ! p>i% calls1    
missions among ! poor1 occupi$ ! day4   
,%e w\ld sit = h\rs knitt+ or sew+1 or 9
 an arm*air be=e ! coal fire sil5tly    
mus+4 ,%e 0 quiet1 res]v$1 old-fa%ion$ 9
 h] s5tim5ts1 b ) a great fund ( inw>d  
/r5g?1 :i* came out on em]g5cies4 ,i    
%all always rememb] h] ceaseless        
solicitude = an un=tunate eld] bro!r (  
m9e :o _h = ye>s be5 an anxiety & a     
tr\ble4 ,:5 he di$ 9 e>ly manhood1 aft] 
nurs+ him t5d]ly1 %e s(tly clos$ 8 eyes1
 & pres]v$ ! memory ( him 9 h] he>t4 ,h]
 *amb] w9d[ 9 ! c\ntry look$ ^u 8 di/ant
 grave1 ! little :ite /one ov] :i* kept 
him be=e h] eye :o 0 always 9 h] ?\ghts4
  ,%e accept$ ! exi/+ ord] ( ?+s because
 x 0 e/abli%$1 dislik+ exp]im5ts1 h[ev] 
humane1 = ! reason t !y _h n be5 te/$2 &
 if %e _h misgiv+s1 %e kept !m to h]self
 n d>+ to set up h] private feel+s 9    
opposition to ! w ( ! ,supreme1 ! "q    

:e!r ! exi/+ ord] express$ ! w ( !      
,supreme nev] be+ rais$ by h]4  ,%e 0   
,unit>ian1 hav+ s be5 taught1 b         
speculative matt]s 7 out ( h] rea* z    
well z uncong5ial ) h] sph]e4 ,h] fai? 0
 ( ! he>t1 & all ! reason = x %e _h to  
give 0 an uplift$ life1 unspott$ f ! _w4
 ,( cre$s %e knew no?+1 n t %e 0        
defici5t 9 m9d1 b because !y seem$ to h]
 to be affairs ( criticism1 ) :i* %e _h 
no?+ to d4 ,h] conc]n 0 ) practical ?+s1
 & conduct 01 ) h]1 m ?an sev5 eigh?s ( 
life4 ,ev5 ! v mild decoction ( !ology t
 0 adm9i/]$ f ,sunday to ,sunday 9      
,*auncy ,place 0 sometimes too mu* = h]4
 ,%e 0 a practical ,*ri/ian1 if !re ev] 
0 "o4  ,h] love ( nature 0 g5u9e4 ,z a  
"y woman %e c\ld di/+ui% ! colors ( a   
fly+ bird4 ,:5 %e _h a h\se ( h] own 9 !
 c\ntry1 %e pref]r$ a spot remote f ! _w
 ( society2 w5t !re z e>ly z possible 9 
! spr+1 & /ay$ z late 9 ! autumn z %e   
c\ld4 ,%e delight$ 9 ! place2 lov$ !    
air1 ! trees1 ! smell ( ! gr\nd4 ,%e    
enjoy$ h] g>d52 lik$ to see plants gr[4 

,e morn+ aft] breakfa/ %e w5t out to    
inspect ! gr\nds1 & came back lad5 )    
mode/ fl[]s2 9 ! fall ) p9e cones1 !    
flame ( :i* %e enjoy$4 ,on h] la/ ev5+1 
q unaw>e ( h] com+ end1 %e sat on !     
piazza1 & look$ at ! sunset1 wrapp$ 9   
%awls1 ?\gh x 0 midsumm]1 = %e 0 weak & 
emaciat$ b pati5tly tranquil4  ,h]      
habits 7 simple1 n f p>simony b f ta/e4 
,%e c>$ no?+ = decoration or display4   
,%e sp5t no m ?an 0 necess>y on dress or
 furniture4 ,%e 0 fond ( old-fa%ion$1   
solid ?+s4 ,9 ! mid/ ( abundance1 h]    
appetite 0 = pla9 food1 yet %e 0 no     
ascetic or prude1 b a l>gehe>t$1 s5sible
 woman1 sob] & s]i\s b g5ial too4       
,br[n+ makes ,p>acelsus say3      ',t is
 only :5 !y spr+ to heav5 t angels      
,reveal !mselves to y2 !y sit all day   
,beside y1 & lie d[n at night by y1--   
,:o c>e n = _! pres5ce1--muse or sleep1 
,& all at once !y leave y & y "k !m4    
,?is is 9 a measure true4 ,dea? is a    
great reveal]4 ,un=tunately x is a great
 deceiv] also1 putt+ w+s on v e>?ly     

bodies4 ,b 9 ?is in/ance1 ! qualities 7 
all !re 9 ! liv+ =m1 & all cle>ly       
visible to ^? :o sat all day beside my  
"m4 ,dea? did b bru% away a little film 
t hung be=e di/ant eyes4  ,until ne>    
middle life ,i _h ! example & advice (  
^! de> spirits4 ,x is my privilege to h 
_! blood 9 my ve9s4 ,t 0 my be/ end[m5t1
 & kept me always hopeful ( a bett]     
future 9 ! "t to come4 ,! dream ( a     
nobl] age = lit]ature1 art1 sci5ce1     
humanity1 came directly f my fa!r4 ,!   
desire to d some?+ to make ! dream an   
actual fact1 to prove myself z ( "s     
s]vice 9 ! _w1 came f my "m4 ,8 0 ! love
 ( intellectual lib]ty4 ,h]s 0 ! passion
 = practical accompli%m5ts4 ,he 0 a     
s*ol>4 ,%e 0 a work]4  ,bo? _h ?\ghts   
deep] ?an !y c\ld express4 ,bo? 7 utt]ly
 s9c]e 9 _! call+1 & ! limitations ( _! 
age alone conf9$ _! advance4 ,! times 7 
quiet !n2 ! _w 0 small & disconnect$2   
,bo/on 0 a little place & %ut (f ev5 f  
,am]ican cities by difficulties ( travel
 & by exorbitant rates ( po/age4 ,?us   

responsibility 0 ma9ly conf9$ to        
individuals4 ,!re 7 no we>+ duties2 no  
p]plex+ c>es2 ev5 railroad di/urbances  
did n worry1 = !re 0 no railroad        
speculation1 & no railroad sy/em4 ,h\rs 
7 e>ly1 d9n] 0 at two or half-pa/1 tea  
at six or sev51 ! ev5+ end$ at t51 & 0  
sp5t ) books1 melodi\s music1 or playful
 games ( amusem5t1 n ( in/ruction4 ,!re 
7 few social ga!r+s2 balls 7 v r>e1     
seldom la/+ lat] ?an elev5 o'clock4 ,!re
 0 an occasional conc]t1 & "h & !re a   
!atre1 b !re 7 no great d9n] p>ties4    
,social problems 7 exce$+ly simple2 !   
classes 7 divid$ by l9es t nobody       
attempt$ to pass ov]4 ,socialism 0      
unborn1 & labor agitations 7 unkn[n4 ,9 
a ^w1 !re 0 su* a ?+ z leisure1 & ?is 0 
us$ *iefly = ! cultivation ( ! m9d4  ,my
 fa!r 0 greatly int]e/$ 9 ! education ( 
8 boys2 wat*$ all _! atta9m5ts2 taught  
!m ,fr5*2 enc\rag$ _! le>n+ h[ to box1 &
 f5ce1 & swim2 :ile my "m %$ an         
atmosph]e ( peace ov] ! :ole h\sehold4  
,%e made "o joke only1 z f> z my memory 

s]ves me1--& ,i m5tion x "h le/ any "o  
%\ld suppose !re 0 a lack ( sun%9e 9 h] 
nature4 ,my fa!r 0 v fond ( voeslau]1 an
 ,au/rian r$ w9e4 ,:5 ! la/ bottle 0    
produc$ my "m1 said ar*ly1 y\r face w   
l[] :5 x is all drunk up4 ,x 0 n mu* ( a
 joke1 b a small je/ w %[ ! _s ( fun q z
 well z a l>ge "o4  ,!re 0 a s+ul>      
comb9ation ( aspiration ) peace at t "t4
 ,probably !re is z mu* aspiration n[ z 
!re 0 !n1 p]haps m2 b x is associat$ )  
social re=m r ?an ) p]sonal p]fection2  
!re is peace1 too1 at ! pres5t day1 b x 
is h>d] to get at & ne$s to be s\ght mo/
 (t5 9 private homes2 ! inw>d peace is  
f\nd 9 all p]iods4  ,h[ ! pr9ciples !n  
=m$ w\ld be> ! /ra9 ( a lat] age or a   
l>g] sph]e rema9$ to be prov$4 ,fifty   
ye>s ago ! mod]n era ) its complications
 & p]plexities c\ld n ev5 be suspect$4  
,! f\ndations alone c\ld !n be laid4    
,,ii4 ,,education4   ,( ! prim>y s*ools 
x is unnecess>y to speak4 ,!y 7 ( ! same
 k9d t 7 e/abli%$ 9 ,bo/on at t p]iod4  
,inde$ ,i c recollect b two1 "o1 a      

*ild's s*ool ( boys & girls1 kept by a  
,miss ,scott1 at ! corn] ( ,mt4 ,v]non  
,/reet & ,hancock2 ! o!r a boys' s*ool  
kept by a ,mr4 ,cap51 a poor hump-back$ 
cripple :o c\ld n get out ( 8 *air1 b   
:eel$ himself ab\t ! room1 & kept on 8  
table a c[hide1 :i* 0 pretty g5]\sly    
ex]cis$4 ,! s*ool 0 on ,b$=d ,/reet     
beh9d ! ,*ur* ( ,*ur* ,gre54 ,a little  
alley-way ran along 9 ! re> ( ! *ur*    
?r\gh :i* ,i us$ to g to ! s*ool-h\se4  
,! ,lat9 ,s*ool 0 an old in/itution     
br\ght hi!r by ,rev4 ,john ,cotton1 :o  
rememb]$ ! ,free ,gramm> ,s*ool f\nd$ 9 
,l9coln%ire1 ,engl&1 by ,que5 ,m>y1 9   
:i* ,lat9 & ,greek 7 taught4 ,x 0       
e/abli%$ "h1 9 #afce1 five ye>s aft] !  
l&+ ( ,w9?rop1 two or ?ree ye>s be=e    
,h>v>d ,college4 ,:5 ,i 0 !re1 x /ood on
 ,s*ool ,/reet1 opposite ! ,frankl9     
/atue4 ,x _h a granite front & a cupola4
 ,! head-ma/] 0 ,*>les ,k4 ,dillaway1 an
 excell5t s*ol>1 a fai?ful tea*]1 an    
agreeable man4 ,he _h to resign 9       
consequ5ce ( ill-heal?4 ,! tutors 7     

,h5ry ,w4 ,torrey & ,francis ,g>dn]1 :o 
aft]w>ds became head-ma/]4 ,bo? 7 pupils
 ( ! s*ool4 ,mr4 ,fr$]ick ,p4 ,lev]ett1 
au?or ( ! ,lat9 ,lexicon1 0 *os5 to     
succe$ ,mr4 ,dillaway1 b di$ be=e assum+
 ! (fice4 ,! next head-ma/]1 dur+ my    
c\rse1 0 ,epes ,s>g5t ,dixwell1 a mo/   
accompli%$ man1 an elegant s*ol>1 a     
g5tleman ( ! _w1 v mu* int]e/$1 z ,i    
rememb]1 9 ! pla/ic art ( ,greece4 ,he  
is /ill liv+1 & amuses himself by writ+ 
,greek4 ,mr4 ,dixwell held (fice till   
#ahea1 :5 he e/abli%$ a private s*ool4  
,! discipl9e ( ! ,lat9 ,s*ool 0 /rict b 
mild4 ,corporal puni%m5t 0 ! unque/ion$ 
rule1 b x 0 nev] h>%ly adm9i/]$1 ?\gh ! 
k t x might be und\bt$ly did a good deal
 t[>d /imulat+ ! ambition ( ! s*ol>s4   
,"h & !re no d\bt a boy exasp]at$ !     
tea*] by idl5ess or disord]2 possibly at
 mom5ts ! tea*] 0 n]v\s & irritable4 ,i 
recollect a s+le in/ance 9 :i* he 0     
ov]-s5sitive1 too prone to take (f5ce1  
:i* fa/5$ suspici\sly ^u "s individual  
s*ol>2 b inju/ice 0 a v r>e occurr5ce4  

,we le>n$ ,greek & ,lat91 ! rudim5ts (  
algebra1 writ+ & declamation2 b ! be/ "p
 ( ! education ,i receiv$ 9 ^? days 0 an
 atmosph]e ( elegant lit]ature1 d]iv$ f 
fri5ds ( my fa!r4 ,i us$ to see ,william
 ,h4 ,prescott tak+ 8 walk on ,beacon   
,/reet1 9 ! sun1 & h (t5 sat 9 8 /udy 9 
8 tranquil h\rs1 & he>d him talk4 ,!    
beautiful libr>y ( ,george ,ticknor1 at 
! head ( ,p>k ,/reet1 0 op5 to me1 & ,i 
c see 8 =m n[ z he walk$ on ! ,common4  
,george ,s4 ,hill>d1 ! elegant man (    
lett]s1 0 a famili> figure on ! /reet4  
,*>les ,sumn]1 !n a "y law /ud5t1 /rode 
vigor\sly along1 8 mann] ev5 !n sugge/+ 
! adv5t ( a new era4  ,9 #ahdf1 ,i li/5$
 to 8 oration be=e ! ,phi ,beta ,kappa  
,society ( ,h>v>d ,univ]sity on ! ,s*ol>
 ,pick]+2 ! ,juri/ ,/ory2 ! ,arti/      
,all/on2 ! ,philan?ropi/ ,*ann+2 & 8    
bold declamation 0 /rangely 9 contra/ ) 
! academical g[n t he wore4 ,daniel     
,web/] us$ to /alk by our h\se1 !       
embodim5t ( ! ,con/itution1 ! inc>nation
 ( law1 ! black locomotive ( ! tra9 (   

civilization4 ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son (t5 
sat at my fa!r's table diffus+ !        
radiance ( s]5e ideas1 & h]ald+ ! div9] 
age t 0 to come4  ,f ! ,lat9 ,s*ool to  
,h>v>d ,college 0 an easy transition4   
,!re exi/$ an impression t ,lat9-,s*ool 
boys might take _! ease = ! fir/ ye> at 
,cambridge1 because !y 7 s well prep>$1 
b ,i f\nd en\gh to d2 !re 0 ! great     
libr>y1 !re 7 ! advanc$ /udies1 !re 0 ! 
m p]fect tra9+4 ,! ,presid5t 0 ,josiah  
,qu9cy1 ! eld]4 ,h5ry ,w4 ,longfell[ 0  
pr(essor ( mod]n languages2 ,cornelius  
,c4 ,felton1 ! ard5t philhell5e1 taught 
,greek2 ,*>les ,beck1 a ,g]man1 taught  
,lat92 ,b5jam9 ,peirce 0 pr(essor (     
ma!matics2 ,james ,walk] 0 an in/ructor 
9 intellectual & moral philosophy2      
,joseph ,lov]+1 tea*] 9 *emi/ry4 ,among 
! tutors 7 ,b]n>d ,roelk]1 9 ,g]man2    
,pietro ,ba*i1 9 ,italian2 ,francisco   
,sales1 9 ,spani%4  ,! new build+s n[ 9 
! college y>d 7 n erect$2 ,holwor?y     
7#ahab71 ,/\ghton 7#ahjd-ahje71 ,hollis 
7#agfc71 ,h>v>d 7#agff71 ,hold5 7#agcd71

 ,massa*usetts ,hall 7#agbj71 ,univ]sity
 ,hall 7#ahab-ahac7 7 9 exi/5ce4 ,!re 7 
no a?letics2 !re 0 no gymnasium2 !re 0  
no boat+2 !re 0 little base-ball4 ,!re 7
 few lit]>y societies2 s t we 7 driv5   
back ma9ly ^u intellectual labor4 ,!    
pr(essors' h\ses 7 always op51 & !re 0  
*oice society 9 ! t[n4 ,i recollect     
p>ticul>ly well go+ to ! h\se ( ,john   
,:ite ,web/]1 :o 0 execut$ lat] = !     
murd] ( ,dr4 ,p>kman4 ,he 0 v fond (    
music & _h a daught] :o sang f9ely1     
besides be+ h&some4 ,%e aft]w>ds m>ri$  
,mr4 ,dabney1 ( ,fayal4 ,! ,doctor 0 a  
n]v\s man1 high /rung1 b good-natur$ &  
polite4 ,8 fatal enc\nt] ) ,dr4 ,p>kman 
,i always attribut$ to a sudd5 outbreak 
( passion4  ,)9 ! gr\nds ( ! college we 
7 q /udi\s1 companionable among         
ourselves4 ,!re 0 no riot+1 no excess ( 
any k9d4 ,walk+ & swimm+ 9 ! riv] ,*>les
 7 our *ief recreations4 ,connection )  
,bo/on 0 infrequ5t & difficult1 z !re 0 
no railroad4 ,! ,sundays c\ld be pass$ 9
 ! city if ! /ud5t br\ght a c]tificate t

 he w5t regul>ly to *ur*2 o!rwise x 0   
expect$ t ! ,fir/ ,*ur*1 or "o ( ! o!rs1
 %\ld be frequ5t$4 ,! in/ruction 0 ( a  
cordial1 fri5dly1 c\rte\s1 & humane k9d2
 ! pr(essors 7 en?usia/ic /ud5ts 9 _!   
dep>tm5ts4 ,i well recollect ,pr(essor  
,longfell['s k9dness2 ,pr(essor         
,felton's ardor 7,i visit$ ,pompeii )   
him 9 #ahec74 ,*>les ,beck 0 a burn+    
patriot 9 ! w>4 ,pietro ,ba*i's great   
eyes light$ up & gl[$ z he talk$ ab\t   
,dante4 ,b]n>d ,roelk] aft]w>ds became a
 lawy] 9 ,new ,york4 ,*>les ,:eel] &    
,rob]t ,b>tlett1 tutors1 bo? r>e        
spirits1 di$ "y4 ,on ! :ole1 life at    
,h>v>d ,college 0 exce$+ly pleasant1 & a
 real love ( le>n+ 0 implant$ 9 "y m5's 
bosoms4  ,! corn]-/one ( ,gore ,hall 0  
laid 9 #ahac4 ,! books 7 mov$ into !    
libr>y 9 ! summ] vacation ( #ahad4 ,!re 
7 =ty-"o ?\s& volumes at t "t4  ,9 !    
e>ly "p ( my c>e]1 ,i took my meals 9   
,commons1 at an exp5se ( two doll>s & a 
qu>t] a week1 ! highe/ price !n paid4   
,commons 0 aboli%$ = a "t 9 #ahdi1 x be+

 f\nd difficult to satisfy ! /ud5ts1 :o 
= "s ye>s _h bo>d$ 9 ! h\ses 9 !        
neighborhood4  ,!re 7 excitem5ts too4   
,?\gh !re 0 no gymnasium1 or boat+1 &   
little foot-ball1 base-ball1 or cricket 
7^! games 7 all v simple & rudim5t>y71  
!re 7 ! clubs1 ! ,greek3 ,alpha ,delta  
,phi1 /ill a secret society1 & occupy+ a
 back upp] room1 to :i* we m\nt$ by     
/eal?1--! same room s]v+ = initiations &
 sociables1--0 exce$+ly int]e/+ 9 a     
lit]>y po9t ( view4 ,!re 7 pap]s on     
,scott1 ,byron1 ,wordswor?1 delightful  
conv]sations1 anecdotes1 songs4  ,!     
,in/itute ( #aggj taught u elocution1 & 
read9ess 9 debate2 ! ,greek3 ,phi ,beta 
,kappa1 no long] a secret society1 & no 
long] actively lit]>y1 hung ov] u l a   
/>1 /imulat+ ambition & incit+ u to     
excell5ce 9 s*ol>%ip4  ,altoge!r x 0 a  
delightful life2 a life betwe5 boyhood &
 manhood2 ( purely lit]>y ambition1 (   
natural fri5d%ip4 ,!re 0 no di/9ction ( 
p]sons1 no affect$ pride4 ,we f\nd our  
own level1 & kept our own place4 ,money 

did n di/+ui% or family1 only bra9s4    
,!re 0 no c>e b = intellectual "w2 !re 0
 no excess save 9 /udy4 ,exp5ses 7      
small1 indulg5ces 7 few & simple4 ,!    
education 0 m suit$ to ^? times ?an to  
^!1 :5 culture mu/ be s mu* broad]1 &   
social expectations dem& su* v>i$       
accompli%m5ts4     ,,iii4 ,,div9ity     
,,s*ool4   ,to ent] at once ! ,div9ity  
,s*ool 0 to />t on a pr$e/9$ c>e]4 ,f   
*ildhood ,i 0 m>k$ out = a cl]gyman4    
,?is 0 tak5 = grant$ 9 all places &     
conv]sations1 & my own ?\ghts fell      
habitually into t groove4 ,!re 0 no?+   
unattractive 9 ! pr(essional c>e] z     
illu/rat$ by my fa!r4 ,i 0 ! only "o ( a
 l>ge family ( bro!rs :o pursu$ ! full  
c\rse ( /udies at ,cambridge1 or :o %[$ 
a ta/e = ! s*ola/ic life4 ,an appetite =
 books r ?an = affairs po9t$ fir/ ( all 
to a lit]>y call+1 :ile a fondness =    
speculative que/ions1 a lean+ t[>ds     
ideal subjects1 & a s]i\s turn ( m9d    
naturally sugge/$ at t "t ! pulpit4 ,an 
inw>d exp]i5ce ( religion1 :i* 9 "s o!r 

communions 0 reg>d$ z ess5tial to ! "* (
 a m9i/] ( ! gospel1 0 n dem&$4         
,religion 0 r moral & intellectual ?an  
spiritual1 a matt] ( m5tal conviction m 
?an ( emotional feel+4 ,! cl]ical       
pr(ession /ood v high1 high] ?an any ( !
 ?ree le>n$ pr(essions1 by reason ( its 
requir+ 9 l>g] measure a t5d5cy t[>ds   
ab/ract ?\ght1 an int]e/ 9 !ological    
discussions1 & a /eady belief 9 doctr9es
 t conc]n$ ! s\l4 ,lit]ature 0 n at t   
p]iod a pr(ession2 !re 0 no ,art to     
speak ( except = g5ius ( ! fir/ ord] l t
 ( ,all/on or ,gre5\gh4 ,m5 ( ! highe/  
intellectual rank1 :atev] !y may h      
become aft]w>ds1 tri$ ! m9i/ry at ! />t4
 ,! traditions ( ,new ,engl& favor$ !   
m9i/]ial call+4 ,! great names1 ) "h &  
!re an exception1 7 names ( div9es4 ,!  
great books 7 on subjects ( religion2 ! 
popul> int]e/ c5tr$ 9 !ological         
controv]sy2 ! g5]al en?usiasm 0 ar\s$ by
 prea*]s2 ! curr5t talk 0 ab\t s]mons4  
,! cl]gy 0 a privileg$ class1           
ari/ocratic1 exalt$4  ,div9ity ,hall _h 

be5 d$icat$ 9 ,augu/1 #ahbf4 ,x 0       
situat$ on an av5ue ab\t a qu>t] ( a    
mile f ! college y>d4 ,x conta9$1       
besides ?irty-sev5 *amb]s = !           
accommodation ( /ud5ts1 a *apel1 a      
libr>y1 a lecture-room1 & a read+-room2 
x /ood opposite ! ,zooelogical ,museum4 
,be=e x 0 a vacant space us$ = games4   
,beh9d x 0 mead[ l& rea*+ all ! way to  
,mr4 ,norton's4 ,j beyond x 0 ,dr4      
,palfrey's resid5ce4 ,george ,rapall    
,noyes1 ,d4,d41 0 elect$ 9 ,may1 #ahdj1 
) ! title ( ,hancock ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew
 & ,ori5tal ,languages1 & ,dext]        
,lectur] on ,biblical ,lit]ature4 ,he _h
 already translat$ ! poetical books ( ! 
,old ,te/am5t1 & x 0 8 em95ce z a       
translator :i* _h won him fame :ile a   
m9i/] at ,pet]%am4 ,x 0 8 duty also to  
expla9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & 9 addition to 
give lectures 9 sy/ematic !ology4       
,besides all ?is he 0 to prea* 9 !      
college *apel a f\r? ( ! ye>4 ,he       
/eadily grew 9 ! respect & atta*m5t ( ! 
"y m52 8 au?ority 9 ! lecture-room 0 v  

great2 8 op9ions 7 c>efully =m$ &       
precisely deliv]$2 & 8 %rewd1 practical 
wisdom 0 long rememb]$ by 8 pupils4     
,conv]s ,francis1 ,d4,d41 appo9t$ to !  
,p>kman ,pr(essor%ip1 aft] ! resignation
 ( ,h5ry ,w>e1 ,jr41 0 8 associate4 ,!  
bran*es assign$ to him 7 ecclesia/ical  
hi/ory1 natural !ology1 e?ics1 !        
composition ( s]mons1 & in/ruction 9 !  
duties ( a pa/or2 besides all ?is he 0  
to prea* half ( ! "t 9 ! college *apel4 
,dr4 ,francis 0 an accompli%$ s*ol> & a 
fai?ful tea*]4 ,! be/ man1 too1 = 8     
position1 at a "t :5 9 an unsect>ian    
s*ool x 0 exce$+ly desirable t !        
pr(essors %\ld h>monize all t5d5cies2 = 
) a /rong sympa?y ) transc5d5talism1 z x
 0 !n call$1 he _h be5 a mo/ successful 
p>i% m9i/]1 a v acceptable prea*]1 & a  
man 9 :om all ! *ur*es _h confid5ce4    
,at ,cambridge1 ow+ to ! influ5ce (     
,buckm9/]1 ,w>e1 & ,norton1 ,unit>ian   
op9ion prevail$1 ?\gh ! controv]sial    
p]iod _h pass$ by :5 ,i 0 !re4 ,! cl\ds 
( w>f>e no long] dis*>g$ lightn+2 !re 0 

no roll ( ?und]2 only a fa9t mutt]+     
betray$ ! =m] excitem5t2 & ! memory (   
old conflicts hov]$ r\nd ! spots :]e !  
fights _h be5 hotte/4 ,m>ks ( /rife 7   
/ill visible on texts1 & *apt]s 7 sc>r$ 
) w\nds4 ,comm5t /ill l+]$ ne> !        
passages :]e polemics _h rag$1 & ! blood
 burn$ z we read ! tracts or /udi$ !    
essays ( ! *ampions we admir$4  ,x 0    
impossible to =get ! int]pretations t _h
 be5 giv5 to words or phrases4 ,a       
/rictly sci5tific /udy1 ei!r ( ! ,bible 
or ! cre$1 0 !re=e out ( ! "q4 ,b !     
c\rse ( ex]cises 0 broad1 g5]\s1        
inclusive1 z f> z ?is 0 feasible4 ,!    
bias 0 decid$ly unor?odox1 yet )\t !    
bitt] temp] ( opposition4 ,! old sy/em 0
 r set aside ?an attack$4 ,x 0 assum$ to
 h be5 vanqui%$ 9 ! fair field4 ,!      
pr(essors 7 lib]al 9 _! views4 ,a small 
b s]viceable libr>y furni%$ ! /ud5ts ) a
 c]ta9 am\nt ( ne$$ mat]ial1 ! college  
libr>y 0 freely op5$ to !m1 & !         
collections ( ! pr(essors 7 gladly plac$
 at _! disposal4 ,! days 7 fully occupi$

 ) lectures1 recitations1 discussions1  
ex]cises 9 writ+ out & tak+ ( notes4    
,once a week !re 0 a debate on "s g5]al 
!me n connect$ ) ! topics ( !           
class-room2 & at ! latt] "p ( ! c\rse   
!re 0 special tra9+ 9 ! composition &   
deliv]y ( s]mons1 accompani$ by a brief 
exp]i5ce ( extemporane\s speak+4 ,!     
,unit>ian m9i/ry 0 alone contemplat$2 no
 wide div]g5ce f x 0 enc\rag$1 & !      
cons]vative me?ods ( int]pretation 7 !  
ones recomm5d$4 ,"s k ( ,greek & ,lat9  
be+ presuppos$1 ! /udy ( ,hebrew 0 made 
! "o /udy ( language1 & ?is 0 pursu$ ) !
 be/ available helps4 ,biblical         
criticism naturally took a prom95t place
 9 ! curr5t curriculum1 "u ! guidance ( 
! mo/ di/+ui%$ au?orities2 books ( e    
s*ool 7 recomm5d$1 :e!r old or new1     
,ca?olic or ,prote/ant1 cons]vative or  
lib]al1 ,horne1 ,?oluck1 ,de ,wette be+ 
consult$ 9 turn4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t &     
,hi/orical ,*ri/ianity 7 tak5 = grant$2 
& ^! meant belief 9 miracles1 :i* 7     
def5d$ aga9/ ris+ objections ( ! ,/rauss

 & ,paulus s*ools1 ! =m] hold+ by !     
my?ical !ory1 ! latt] favor+ ! notion ( 
a natural explanation ( "s sort4 ,!     
ho/ility t[>ds rationalism 0 decid$4    
,?is 0 =ty ye>s ago1 be=e ! hi/orical   
me?od1 z x 0 call$1 in/itut$ by ,baur1  
,s*wegl]1 ,zell]1 ,sneck5burg]1 & !     
,!ologis*e ,jahrbue*]1 _h any expositor 
9 ?is c\ntry1 long be=e ! ,dut* s*ool1 !
 lat] ,fr5* s*ool--,ku551 ,reville1     
,reuss1 ,nicolas1 ,r5an1--came out4 ,!  
great issue 0 ! cr$ibility ( ! miracles 
( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts4 ,!           
half-mona/ic life we l$ at ,div9ity     
,hall cut u (f a good deal f social     
am5ities1 re=m agitations1 attempts to  
*ange in/itutions1 & ev5 f ! deep]      
curr5ts ( religi\s s5tim5t4 ,none b ! v 
obs]vant took note ( ,brook ,f>m1 or    
he$$ ! movem5ts 9 behalf ( ,association 
t 7 go+ on 9 o!r communities4 ,:atev] 0 
outside ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry conc]n$ u b 
little4 ,! pr(essors did n direct our   
eyes to ! m\nta9 tops or call att5tion  
to ! br+]s ( good tid+s f o!r qu>t]s ?an

 ! ,*ri/ian ,revelation1 z expla9$ by   
its s*ol>s & writ]s4 ,ev5 su* a ph5om5on
 z ,em]son did n make a pr(\nd          
impression on ! av]age m9d4  ,a tone (  
old-fa%ion$ piety p]vad$ ! e/abli%m5t4  
,a weekly pray]-meet+1 always att5d$ by 
"o ( ! pr(essors1 ?\gh (ficially r ?an z
 a /imulator1 0 mu* 9 ! mann] & _s (    
simil> ex]cises at ,&ov]4 ,! /ud5ts 7   
caution$ aga9/ excessive                
intellectualism4 ,sev]al ( !m sp5t _!   
,sundays 9 tea*+ classes ( ! "y 9 !     
neighbor+ t[ns1 9 m9i/]+ to ! sick 9    
hospitals1 or 9 c>ry+ ! monitions (     
consci5ce to ! crim9als 9 ! prison at   
,*>le/[n4 ,! aims ( a practical m9i/ry 7
 ?us kept 9 view z well z ! circum/ances
 ( ! "t p]mitt$4 ,( c\rse ! s*ool c\ld n
 be a philan?ropic in/itution any m ?an 
x c\ld be indep5d5t or sci5tific4 ,x 0  
committ$ to a special purpose1 :i* 0 !  
supply ( ,*ri/ian pulpits ) in/ruct$1   
e>ne/1 devot$ m54 ,t !y %\ld be         
,unit>ians 0 expect$2 t !y %\ld be      
,*ri/ians 9 belief 0 dem&$4 ,!re 7 two  

ev]-pres5t spectres1 or?odoxy &         
rationalism1 ! "o repres5t$ by ,&ov]1 ! 
o!r by ,g]many4 ,audacity ( speculation 
:5 unaccompani$ by practical piety 0    
disc\nt5anc$1 & 9 flagrant in/ances     
rebuk$4  ,! lit]al =m ( ! or?odox cre$1 
x ne$ h>dly be said1 0 made m prom95t   
?an its imag9ative aspect4 ,?is 0       
inevitable1 = ! object 0 to assail x r  
?an to und]/& x4 ,to be p]fectly fair to
 all sides 01 "u ! circum/ances1 n to be
 expect$ at a p]iod s ne> ! era (       
controv]sy4 ,an e>ne/1 +5u\s y\? c\ld   
f9d at ,cambridge all ! c\rage & impulse
 he ne$$1 = ! atmosph]e ( ! place 0     
nei!r *ill+ nor depress+4 ,! less       
emotional1 m intellectual s*ol> 0 left  
to pursue 8 /udies undi/urb$1 ! w9d (   
spiritual feel+ n be+ /rong en\gh to    
c>ry him away4  ,9 a ^w1 ! in/itution 0 
all t c\ld h be5 look$ = 9 a "t :5      
ecclesia/ical & doctr9al traditions 7   
fatally ?\gh n confess$ly brok51 & nak$ 
individualism 0 n av[$ly adopt$4 ,! task
 ( ! pr(essors1 consci5ti\s1 h>d work+1 

utt]ly fai?ful m51 0 labori\s1          
difficult1 & ?ankless4 ,! ,unit>ian     
public1 fe>+ a t5d5cy to unbelief1 gave 
!m a grudg+ confid5ce2 ! /ud5ts1 ,i am  
afraid1 7 n consid]ate ( !m1--! zeal\s  
f9d+ !m lukew>m1 ! cold-blood$ blam+ !m 
= /opp+ %ort ( ! la/ consequ5ces ( _!   
own !ory4 ,x is wond]ful t ! s*ool w5t  
on at all4 ,! s+le-m9d$ devotion ( !    
tea*]s alone pres]v$ x4 ,look+          
?\ghtfully back across a wide gulf (    
ye>s1 ! writ] ( ^! pages feels t he owes
 ?is tribute to ,conv]s ,francis &      
,george ,r4 ,noyes4 ,h[ (t5 he has wi%$ 
he c\ld take !m by ! h& & ask _!        
=giv5ess = 8 frequ5t misjudgm5t ( !m1   
misjudgm5t ! remembrance ( :i* makes 8  
he>t ble$ ! m z he c only ?9k ( _! g5]\s
 =be>ance4 ,_! influ5ce 0 emancipat+ &  
/imulat+4 ,!y 7 fri5dly to ?\ght4 ,"u _!
 m9i/ration ! m9d took a leap =w>d t[>ds
 ! conf9es ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em ( fai?4   
,:at ! div9ity s*ool ( ! future may be  
able to accompli% x w\ld be haz>d\s to  
conjecture4 ,x c\ld h>dly !n h done m   

?an x did4  ,! /udy ( comp>ative        
religions1 s zeal\sly prosecut$ )9 a few
 ye>s1 toge!r ) a desire to d p]fect    
ju/ice to or?odox doctr9es1 may r5d]    
practical a sci5tific review ( !ological
 sy/ems1 b 9 ?is ev5t a pr$ilection 9   
favor ( a sep>ate ,*ri/ian m9i/ry c be  
no long] *>act]i/ic ( a div9ity s*ool   
:i* proposes to prep>e "y m5 = ! cl]ical
 call+4  ,! ?ree ye>s ( seclud$ life    
pass$ quickly away4 ,! trial s]mon 9 !  
village *ur* 0 deliv]$ & criticis$4 ,!  
,presid5t ( ! college !n 0 ,edw>d       
,ev]ett1 my uncle4 ,! next morn+ ,i w5t 
to 8 (fice2 he spoke w>mly ( my s]mon1 b
 advis$ me h5ce=? to commit s]mons to   
memory z he did4 ,?is ,i tri$ two or    
?ree times1 b ! ef=t to write ! s]mons s
 fatigu$ me t ! task ( committ+ !m to   
memory 0 too great1 & = ye>s ,i wrote my
 disc\rses1 until = conv5i5ce' sake ,i  
le>n$ to prea* )\t notes4 ,! diploma 0  
be/[$1 ! actual m9i/ry 0 begun4 ,! t]m (
 prea*+ z a c&idate did n la/ long4 ,by 
! advice ( fri5ds an invitation 0       

accept$ to an old e/abli%$ cons]vative  
p>i% 9 ,salem1 ,mass4 ,ord9ation &      
m>riage soon foll[$1 & public life 0    
inaugurat$ "u ! mo/ promis+ conditions4 
,i _h ! be/ wi%es ( ! cons]vative       
portion ( ! community to :i* ,i 01      
prop]ly1 suppos$ to belong1 & ! hopes ( 
! radical portion :o anticipat$ a *ange 
( view z "t w5t on1 & ,i 0 br\ght into  
%>p] collision ) prevail+ habits ( ?\ght
 ?an 0 possible at ,cambridge1 :]e !    
/ud5t 0 9 a great measure cut (f f      
int]c\rse ) ! _w4  ,at ! ,div9ity ,s*ool
 ,i 0 kn[n z a "y man ) cons]vative     
ideas4 ,i rememb] n[ discussions1       
essays1 criticisms1 9 :i* ! op9ions 9   
vogue among old-fa%ion$ ,unit>ians 7    
def5d$ some:at passionately aga9/ ! m   
d>+ convictions ( my companions4 ,9     
especial my fai? 0 9 direct opposition  
to ! spiritual philosophy2 ,/rauss 0 a  
horror2 ,p>k] 0 a bugbe>2 ,furness seem$
 an innovator2 ,em]son 0 a              
,transc5d5tali/1 a t]m ( immeasurable   
reproa*4 ,all ?is 0 soon to pass away1 &

 ,i 0 to g a great deal beyond ev5      
,p>k]4 ,! ^w ,transc5d5tali/ ceas$ to be
 a synonym = en?usia/4 ,! philosophy (  
intuition 0 fir/ lit]ally adopt$1 !n    
dismiss$1 & ,i came out :]e ,i lea/     
expect$4 ,b ,i well rememb]1 "o ev5+ z  
,i 0 walk+ out f ,bo/on1 pres5t+ to     
myself di/9ctly ! alt]native betwe5 !   
adoption ( ! old & ! new4 ,i am afraid t
 ! old comm5d$ itself by its v5]abl5ess1
 ! solidity ( its traditions1 & !       
au?ority ( its great names1 :ile ! new 0
 /ill vague & =mless4 ,i !n & !re decid$
 to foll[ 9 ! foot/eps ( my fa!rs1 a    
c\rse m 9 sympa?y ) ! prevail+ temp] ( !
 age & ) ! curr5t ( ?\ght at ,div9ity   
,hall1 ?\gh ,em]son _h deliv]$ 8 address
 "s ye>s be=e1 & ! ,new ,j]usalem 0 ev5 
!n com+ d[n f heav54     ,,iv4 ,,salem4 
,old ,salem 0 a city ( ! imag9ation4    
,hi/ory does x no ju/ice4 ,! ,essex     
,in/itute1 f\nd$ 9 #ahdh1 by ! union ( !
 ,essex ,c\nty ,hi/orical ,society & !  
,essex ,c\nty ,natural ,hi/ory ,society1
 has a v f9e collection ( books1        

pamphlets1 manuscripts1 an invaluable   
museum1 relics1 pictures1 s t 9 no      
locality 9 ! c\ntry has s mu* be5       
accompli%$ 9 exhum+ ! treasures (       
municipal & civil hi/ory1 & 9 br++ to   
light antiquities4 ,hurd's ,hi/ory (    
,essex ,c\nty1 publi%$ 9 #ahhh1 ) its   
monographs on comm]ce1 religion1        
lit]ature1 newspap]s1 etc41 writt5 by   
?or\ghly compet5t m51 ?r[s a flood (    
light on ! pa/ ( ! place4 ,mr4 ,upham's 
,memoir ( ,francis ,peabody1 publi%$ 9  
#ahfh1 gives an admirable acc\nt ( !    
lit]>y em95ce ( ! old t[n4 ,colonel     
,higg9son's article 9 ,h>p]'s ,mon?ly on
 ,old ,salem's ,sea ,capta9s1 publi%$ 9 
,septemb]1 #ahhf1 gives some?+ ( its    
romantic "*4 ,b be/ ( all z illu/rat+   
?is feature are ! articles writt5 by    
,eleanor ,putnam 7,mrs4 ,arlo ,bates71 &
 republi%$ aft] h] dea? "u ! title (    
,old ,salem1 9 #ahhg4 ,%e 0 ab\t ?irty  
ye>s old :5 %e di$2 b if %e _h liv$ %e  
w\ld h pres5t$ ! old city 9 its qua9te/ 
aspect4 ,h] love ( antiqu>ian rese>*1 h]

 ta/e1 h] devotion to ,salem qualifi$ h]
 9 an em95t degree = h] self-appo9t$    
task4  ,!re c h>dly be a d\bt t ! orig9s
 ( ! t[n 7 religi\s2 t a religi\s       
purpose1 deep ?\gh undef9$ & undecl>$1  
animat$ ! emigrants be=e ,w9?rop4 ,! v  
"n1 ,salem1 ! ,hebrew = peacefulness1   
in/ead ( ,naumkeag 7! old ,indian "n71  
adopt$ 9 #afbh1 to commemorate !        
reconciliation betwe5 ! company ( ,rog] 
,conant & t ( ,john ,endicott1 0 already
 sugge/ive ( spiritual qualities4 ,em95t
 =ms loom up 9 ! di/ance3 ,francis      
,higg9son1 ! fir/ m9i/] ( ,massa*usetts 
,bay2 ,rog] ,williams1 ^: "n is id5tifi$
 ) s\l fre$om2 ,hugh ,pet]s1 8 oppon5t4 
,john ,endicott 0 a mo/ impos+ figure2  
ha/y1 ra%1 *ol]ic 7z 0 %[n by 8 /rik+ a 
man 9 e>ly life71 imp]i\s1 b brave &    
bold4 ,he 0 a /]n ,puritan1 hat+ pop]y s
 mu* t he cut out ! image ( ! k+ f !    
,engli% bann]1 because x 0 an image1    
:ile at ! same "t he p]secut$ ! ,quak]s1
 because !y advocat$ ob$i5ce to ! inn]  
light & 7 di/urb]s ( ! e/abli%$ peace4  

,b he _h sweet] qualities--g5tl5ess1    
g5]osity1 & k9dness4 ,an old scripture  
7,ecclesia/icus xi41 #bh7 says3 ,judge  
none bless$ be=e 8 dea?2 = a man %all be
 kn[n 9 8 *ildr54 ,! desc5dants ( ,john 
,endicott are graceful1 elegant1 ref9$  
p1 lovely 9 mann]s1 g5tle 9 disposition4
 ,! root ( ^! qualities mu/ h be5 9 !   
=efa!r two c5turies & a half ago4 ,!    
intellectual hi/ory ( ! city is v       
illu/ri\s & began e>ly4 ,a /rong        
intellectual b5t *>act]iz$ ! e>ly       
settl]s1 :o 7 p]sons ( inquisitive m9ds1
 addict$ to exp]im5ts & ent]prises1     
exce$+ly +5i\s4 ,ne> ! middle ( ! la/   
c5tury !re 0 9 exi/5ce 9 ,salem a social
 ev5+ club1 compos$ ( em95t cultivat$ & 
accompli%$ citiz5s4 ,on ! ev5+ (        
,monday1 ,m>* #ca1 #agfj1 a meet+ 0 held
 at ! ,tav]n ,h\se ( a ,mrs4 ,pratt = ! 
purpose ( f\nd+ 9 ! t[n ( ,salem a      
h&some libr>y ( valuable books1         
appreh5d+ ! same may be ( consid]able   
use & b5efit "u prop] regulations4 ,!   
books import$1 giv51 or b\ght1 am\nt$ to

 f\r hundr$ & fifte5 volumes4 ,?is      
society1 :i* may be reg>d$ z ! f\ndation
 ( all ! in/itutions & ag5cies e/abli%$ 
9 ?is place to promote intellectual     
culture1 0 incorporat$ 9 #agig4 ,9      
#agff1 ! fam\s ,c\nt ,rum=d 0 an        
appr5tice "h4 ,9 #agha1 ,ri*>d ,kirwan1 
,,ll4,d41 ( ,dubl91 an em95t philosoph] 
( ! p]iod1 _h a valuable libr>y 9 a     
vessel :i* 0 captur$ by an ,am]ican     
private arm$ %ip & br\ght into ,bev]ly z
 a prize4 ,! books 7 giv5 by ,dr4       
,kirwan1 :o w\ld accept no gratuity & 0 
delight$ t 8 volumes 7 put to s good a  
use4 ,! books 7 sold to an association (
 g5tlem5 9 ,salem & its neighborhood1 & 
=m$ ! ,philosophical ,libr>y4 ,?is & !  
,social ,libr>y 7 aft]w>ds consolidat$  
into ! ,salem ,a!naeum1 :i* 0           
incorporat$ 9 ,m>*1 #ahaj4  ,among !    
di/+ui%$ m5 7 ,william ,h4 ,prescott1   
,b5jam9 ,peirce1 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne1   
,john ,lewis ,russell1 ,*>les ,grafton  
,page1 & ,jones ,v4 ,"h liv$ ,edw>d     
,augu/us ,holyoke1 presid5t ( !         

,massa*usetts ,m$ical ,society & !      
,am]ican ,academy ( ,arts & ,sci5ces2   
,timo?y ,pick]+1 ,rev4 ,john ,pr9ce1    
,rev4 ,william ,b5tley1 ,na?aniel       
,b[dit*1 au?or ( ! ,practical ,navigator
 & translator ( ! ,mecanique ,cele/e2   
,john ,pick]+1 ,joseph ,/ory1 ( !       
,supreme ,b5*2 ,daniel ,appleton ,:ite1 
,lev]ett ,salton/all1 ,b5jam9 ,m]rill1 &
 _m ano!r man ( accompli%m5ts & le>n+4  
,ev5 ! un$ucat$1 & ^? engag$ 9 ! common 
occupations ( ev]yday life1 gratifi$ _! 
love ( k1 & foll[$ up1 = _! private     
enjoym5t1 rese>*es 9 intellectual &     
philosophical sph]es2 apo!c>ies & retail
 %opkeep]s di/+ui%$ !mselves z writ]s2  
"o ( !m--,isaac ,ne:all by "n--0 reput$ 
! au?or ( ! fam\s ,junius ,lett]s1 ?us  
enjoy+ companion%ip ) ,burke1 ,gibbon1  
,grattan1 ,camd51 ,*a?am1 ,*e/]field1 & 
o!r di/+ui%$ writ]s4  ,its comm]cial    
hi/ory 0 exce$+ly brilliant4 ,9 its     
palmy days x _h m trade ) ! ,ea/ ,indies
 ?an all ! o!r ,am]ican ports put       
toge!r4 ,its situation by ! sea enc\rag$

 m>itime adv5ture4 ,f its v infancy its 
inhabitants s5t vessels across !        
,atlantic ( =ty to sixty tons1 & foll[$ 
up ! trade ) ,spa91 ,france1 ,italy1 & !
 ,we/ ,india ,isl&s4 ,9 ! w> ( !        
,revolution x s5t out "o hundr$ &       
fifty-eight arm$ %ips1 m\nt+ at lea/ two
 ?\s& guns1 & c>ry+ n less ?an six ?\s& 
m54 ,9 #aghe1 ,salem s5t out ! fir/     
vessel to ! ,isle ( ,france1 ,calcutta1 
& ,*9a2 %e began also ! trade to ! o!r  
ports ( ! ,ea/ ,indies & ,japan2 to     
,madagasc> & ,zanzib>1 ,brazil &        
,africa4 ,9 ! s\? seas1 ,salem %ips fir/
 visit$ ! ,fiji ,isl&s2 !y fir/ op5$ up 
to our comm]ce ,new ,holl& & ,new       
,zeal&4 ,9 ! w> ( #ahab %e _h two hundr$
 & fifty private]s4 ,:5 ! w> 0 ov]1 ^!  
vessels 7 engag$ 9 ! m]*ant s]vice4 ,mr4
 ,e4 ,h4 ,d]by1 "o ( ! great m]*ants1   
said to be ! ri*e/ man 9 ,am]ica1 s5t   
out ?irty-sev5 vessels 9 f\rte5 ye>s1   
mak+ a hundr$ & tw5ty voyages4 ,! names 
( ! great m]*ants1 ,e4 ,h4 ,d]by1 ,n4   
,silsbee1 ,william ,gray1 ,peabody1     

,cr[n+%ield1 ,pickman1 ,clevel&1 ,cabot1
 ,higg9son1 are ( univ]sal celebrity4   
,!n ,d]by ,/reet 0 alive ) sea-capta9s1 
! cu/om-h\se 0 active1 ! tall w>eh\ses 7
 full ( treasures1 ! great ,ea/ ,indiam5
 fairly made ! air fragrant z !y unload$
 _! m]*&ise4 ,to quote ! language (     
,eleanor ,putnam3 ,!re 0 poetry 9 !     
names ( ! vessels--! %ip ,lotus1 !      
,black ,w>rior1 ! brig ,p]sia1 ! ,light 
,horse1 ! ,?ree ,fri5ds1 & ! great ,gr& 
,turk4 ,!re 01 too1 a *>m ab\t ! c>goes4
 ,!y 7 no common-place bales ( m]*&ise1 
b 7 sugge/ive 9 _! v names ( ! sweet1   
/range odors ( ! ,ea/1 f :i* !y came4   
,!re 0 food = ! imag9ation 9 ! m5tion ( 
^? %ip-loads ( gum copal f ,madagasc> & 
,zanzib>2 ( hemp & iron f ,russia2 (    
,bombay cotton2 ( g+]1 pepp]1 c(fee1 &  
sug> f ,india2 ( teas1 silks1 & nanke5s 
f ,*9a2 salt f ,cadiz2 & fruits f !     
ports ( ! ,m$it]ranean4  ,miss ,putnam  
speaks ( ! gorge\s fans1 ! c>v$ ivory1 !
 blue ,canton *9a1 ! g5]\s tea-cups1 !  
ture5s1 ! heavy tank>ds1 ! ,delft j>s1 !

 anci5t c&le-/icks1 ! heavy pun* b[ls1 !
 /range beads1 sugge/ive ( ! ,h9doo     
rites1 ,naut* dances1 & wom5 ) dusky    
?roats4 ,!n ! v air 0 weighty ) romantic
 adv5tures4 ,we read ) awe ( ca%m]e     
%awls hang+ on clo!s l9es1 ( j>s full ( 
silv] co91 ( ! gild$ fi%es on ! side (  
ea* /air1 ( ! gr& /aircase 9 ! front    
hall ( ,mr4 ,pickman's h\se on ,essex   
,/reet1 ( logs ( s&al-wood4 ,! museum ( 
! ,ea/ ,india ,m>9e ,society conta9s    
sceptres f ! ,fiji ,isl&s2 a musical    
in/rum5t f ,new ,s\? ,wales1 ano!r f    
,borneo2 a c>v$ /atue ( a ri* ,p]sian   
m]*ant ( ,bombay2 an alaba/] figure ( a 
,*9ese ,jos2 a copp] idol f ,java2 a    
mirror f ,japan2 fans f ,m>aba1 !       
,m>quesas ,isl&s1 ,calcutta2 clo? f     
,otaheite2 an e>!n pat]a f ,h]culaneum2 
two dresses ( wom5 f ! ,pelew ,isl&s2   
s&al-wood f ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s2 a p>asol f 
,calcutta2 nutmegs f ,cay5ne2 ?irty-six 
specim5s ( ,italian m>ble2 cem5t f !    
palace ( ! ,caes>s at ,rome2 :ite m>ble 
f ,c>?age2 porphyry f ,italy2 beads worn

 by ! ,pundits & ,fakirs 9 ,india2 a    
glass cup f ,owyhee2 ,v]de ,antico f    
,sicily2 s&al-wood tap]s f ,*9a2 wood   
images ( mummies f ,!bes2 a silv] box f 
,soo-,soo2 porphyry f ,madagasc>2 a     
piece ( mosaic f anci5t ,c>?age2 silk   
cocoons f ,india2 m>ble f ! temple (    
,m9]va at ,a!ns2 piece ( pavem5t f !    
site ( anci5t ,troy2 & poli%$ jasp] f   
,sib]ia4  ,:5 ,i 0 9 ,salem1 f #ahdg to 
#ahee1 ?is spl5dor _h dep>t$4 ,d]by     
,/reet 0 des]t$1 ! great w>eh\ses 7     
t5em5ts = labor]s4 ,haw?orne has        
describ$ ! cu/om-h\se 9 8 fam\s preface 
to ! ,sc>let ,lett]4 ,! sailors _h      
disappe>$2 ! comm]ce1 ow+ ma9ly to !    
%all[ness ( ! wat] 9 ! h>bor1 _h gone to
 ,bo/on & ,new ,york4 ,b traces ( ! old 
glory /ill l+]$4 ,"h & !re a great      
m]*ant 0 se5 on ! /reets4 ,"s ( ! old   
h\ses rema9$3 ! ,pick]+ ,h\se on ,broad 
,/reet1 built 9 #afea2 ! ,turn] ,h\se2  
,rog] ,williams' h\se1 at ! corn] (     
,essex & ,nor? ,/reets1 built be=e      
#afcd2 & ,mr4 ,=re/]'s h\se4  ,z !      

*airman ( ! ,salem ,lyceum1 x 0 my      
privilege to ent]ta9 su* m5 z ,r4 ,w4   
,em]son1 ,george ,w4 ,curtis & o!rs4    
,?omas ,/>r ,k+1 :5 he lectur$ 9        
,danv]s1 drove ov] to my h\se1 & sp5t ! 
re/ ( ! ev5+4 ,na?aniel ,haw?orne ,i us$
 to meet frequ5tly on ! /reet4 ,i (t5   
saw ,mrs4 ,haw?orne lead+ h] *ildr5 by !
 h&4 ,mr4 ,haw?orne1 :o 0 9 ,salem f    
#ahdf to #ahdi1 0 rem>kable = 8 %yness4 
,8 favorite companions 7 "s ,democratic 
politicians1 :o met weekly at ! (fice ( 
"o ( !m1 :]e he occupi$ himself 9 li/5+ 
to _! talk1 b he avoid$ cultivat$ p4 ,on
 "o occasion a fri5d ( m9e ask$ u to    
meet him at d9n]2 twice he w5t to rem9d 
8 gue/ ( ! engagem5t4 ,! h\r arriv$1 !  
d9n] 0 kept wait+ half an h\r = ,mr4    
,haw?orne to come4 ,he said b little    
dur+ ! d9n]1 & imm$iately aft]w>d got up
 & w5t away2 8 reluctance to meet p     
ov]com+ 8 s5se ( propriety4  ,my *ur*1 !
 ,nor? ,*ur*1 z x 0 call$1 0 a h&some   
build+ on ! ma9 /reet1 a /one /ructure )
 a t[]1 & a gre5 be=e x4 ,x 0 f\nd$ 9   

#aggb by p :o _h left ! ,fir/ ,p>i% by  
reason ( great dissatisfaction4 ,! fir/ 
m9i/]1 call$ 9 #aggc1 0 ,?omas ,b>n>d4  
,he 0 a broad-m9d$1 lib]al man1 & left !
 *ur* sub/antially ,unit>ian4 ,8        
successor 0 ,j4 ,e4 ,abbot1 call$ 9     
#ahae1 ^: m9i/ry1 f ill-heal?1 0 v %ort4
 ,my pr$ecessor1 ,john ,braz]1 a        
cultivat$1 s*ol>ly1 s5sitive man1 a good
 prea*]1 an excell5t pa/or1 0 settl$ 9  
#ahbj4 ,my m9i/ry !re 0 exce$+ly        
pleasant & tranquil = sev]al ye>s4 ,!re 
7 long h\rs = /udy+2 ! p>i% "w 0 n h>d2 
! p 7 hone/1 quiet1 sob]1 "s ( !m       
exce$+ly ref9$ & g5tle2 x 0 z if ! old  
,puritan _s1 modifi$ by "t1 /ill l+]$   
ab\t ! old t[n4 ,family life 0 beautiful
 to see2 ! homes 7 *>m+2 !re 0 luxury   
en\gh2 !re 0 great intellig5ce1 s+ul>   
activity ( m9d2 & ,i rememb] well !     
bright conv]sations1 ! ent]ta9m5ts1 !   
teas1 ! d9n]s1 ! receptions1 ! social   
meet+s4 ,! wom51 especially1 7 di/+ui%$ 
= int]e/ 9 lit]>y matt]s4 ,_m int]e/+ p 
/ill liv$ 9 ! t[n1 ,daniel ,appleton    

,:ite1 = in/ance1 ,dr4 ,treadwell1      
,b5jam9 ,m]rill1 ,?omas ,cole2 "s ( ^! 7
 my p>i%ion]s & all 7 my fri5ds4 ,b !   
life 0 almo/ too quiet = me1 z          
circum/ances pres5tly prov$4  ,at ! same
 "t1 z if to r5d] impossible my fur!r   
m9i/ration 9 ?is fir/ place ( s]vice1 ! 
anti-slav]y agitation 0 at its height1  
divid+ *ur*es1 break+ up sects1 sett+ ! 
memb]s ( families aga9/ ea* o!r1 deta*+ 
m9i/]s f _! congregations1 & array+     
society 9 ho/ile camps4 ,! noise ( !    
conflict fill$ ! air4 ,x 0 impossible to
 evade ! issue4 ,^? :o _h fix$ positions
 9 ! community1 7 ( a tranquil          
temp]am5t1 or ( an easy consci5ce1 might
 survey ! battle calmly1 or be vex$ only
 by ! confusion 9 ! social _w2 b !y :o  
_h ! future /ill be=e !m c\ld n b feel !
 necessity ( tak+ sides 9 ! qu>rel4 ,:5 
,g>rison1 ! inc>nate consci5ce1 0       
enunciat+ ! moral law & illu/rat+ x by  
flam+ texts f ! ,old ,te/am5t2 :5 !     
intrepid ,phillips 0 ?r[+ ! light (     
hi/ory on politics1 & putt+ /atesman%ip 

9 ! face ( humanity1 judg+ all m5 by !  
maxims ( e?ical philosophy2 :5 ,p>k] 0  
proclaim+ ! absolute ju/ice1 & ,cl>ke 0 
apply+ ! tru?s ( ! et]nal love2 & _m    
o!rs1 m5 & wom51 7 ?und]+ =? ! div9e    
v5geance on iniquity2 :5 facts 7 set out
 = ev]ybody's read+1 & tongues 7        
unloos$1 & fi]y messages proce$$ f all  
m\?s1 & conviction 0 deep1 & eloqu5ce 0 
/irr+1 x 0 impossible to be /ill4  ,n[ !
 situation is *ang$2 ! evil is remov$2 !
 w\nd has heal$2 ! surgeon's knife has  
be5 put up 9 its case4 ,a new philosophy
 is dispos$ to blame ! action ( !       
anti-slav]y *ampions4 ,"s critics h     
d\bt$ :e!r ! conduct ( ! abolitioni/s 0 
wise2 :e!r _! prim>y assumption ( !     
political equality ( all m5 0 correct2  
:e!r a race t _h nev] f\nd$ a gov]nm5t  
or contribut$ to ! advance (            
civilization c\ld add any weight to !   
cause ( lib]ty4 ,b !n su* misgiv+s c\ld 
n be rais$4 ,! abolitioni/s seem$ to h  
on _! side ! precepts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1
 ! tea*+s ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 ! "* & 

example ( ,jesus1 ! burn+ language (    
prophecy1 ! inspir+ traditions (        
primitive ,*ri/ianity1 ! humane in/9cts 
( ! he>t1 ! moral s5tim5ts ( equity1    
pity1 compassion1 all re9=c$ by ! gr[+  
democratic op9ion ( ! age1 & by ! t5ets 
( ! intuitive philosophy !n com+ to !   
front4 ,! gl[+ passages f ,isaiah & f   
,mat!w3 ,let ! oppress$ g free2 break e 
yoke2 ,inasmu* z ye did x unto "o ( !   
lea/ ( ^!1 ye did x unto me1 %one 9 our 
eyes4 ,to ! anti-slav]y p belong$ !     
h]oic virtues1 c\rage1 fai?fulness1 &   
sacrifice4 ,!irs 0 ! m>tyr _s2 !        
read9ess to surr5d] ease1 position1 &   
success = an idea4 ,x w\ld h be5 /range 
if1 at su* a "t1 a "y man1 a cl]gyman1  
too1 _h be5 a *ampion ( ve/$ int]e/s4 ,!
 doctr9e ( a high] law ?an t ( ! ,/ate  
comm5d$ itself to 8 idealism1 & pl$g$   
him to oppose :at he reg>d$ z legaliz$  
wrong4 ,! doctr9e ( legal rights = all  
m5 made him a firm enemy ( organiz$     
inhumanity4 ,x 0 a p]iod ( passionate   
w>4 ,9 e dep>tm5t ( ! ,*ur* & ,/ate !   

irrepressible conflict w5t on4 ,x 0 no  
"t = ! calm voice ( ! lov+ _s ( wisdom  
to be he>d4 ,x 0 no "t to propose t !   
local laws respect+ slav]y %\ld be      
remodell$1 & ! relation betwe5 :ites &  
blacks readju/$ on m equitable          
pr9ciples4 ,! sci5ce ( an?ropology _h no
 weight 9 ,am]ica or any:]e else4 ,no   
exhau/ive /udy ( race peculi>ities c\ld 
be ent]$ on4 ,! combatants _h ! :ole    
field1 & betwe5 ! combatants !re seem$  
to be no room = *oice by a m9i/] ( !    
,gospel1 an en?usia/ic fri5d ( humanity1
 a democrat1 & a transc5d5tali/4  ,on "o
 occasion1 aft] a brutal sc5e 9 ,bo/on  
att5d+ ! return ( a slave to 8 ma/]1    
feel+ t ! l>g] "p ( 8 congregation 7 9  
sympa?y ) ! gov]nm5t1 & approv$ ( ! act 
( surr5d]1 ! excit$ m9i/] decl9$ to give
 ! ord9ance ( communion1 ?9k+ x w\ld be 
a mock]y4 ,?is action br\ght ! gr[+     
disaffection to a head4 ,! feel+ ( !    
p>i% 0 divid$4 ,bitt] words 7 ex*ang$4  
,! situation on bo? sides became        
uncom=table1 & he accept$ an invitation 

to ano!r city1 :]e he c\ld ex]cise 8    
indep5d5ce )\t *eck or limit4  ,!       
position 9 reg>d to slav]y :i* 0 tak5   
?irty ye>s ago !re is no room to regret4
 ,x 0 tak5 ) p]fect s9c]ity1 & "u an    
uncontrollable pressure ( conviction4 ,!
 "p p]=m$ by ! abolitioni/s 0 pr$e/9$4  
,! conduct ( _! oppon5ts looks n[ z     
irrational z x did !n4 ,am]ican slav]y 0
 s atroci\s a sy/em1 s hide\s a blot1 t 
no t]ms 7 to be kept ) x4 ,probably no?+
 b ! surgeon's knife w\ld h avail$ 9    
deal+ ) su* a canc]\s mass4 ,! cord _h  
become s fatally twi/$ t ! knot1 too    
closely drawn to be unti$1 mu/ be cut ) 
! sword4 ,! abolition ( slav]y 0        
inevitable2 x came ab\t ?r\gh a great   
elem5tal upheaval4 ,! situation _h      
become intol]able & 0 pa/ re=m+4 ,long  
be=e ! w>1 x _h become impossible to get
 along ) ! slavehold]s1 except on ! mo/ 
ignoble pr9ciples ( trade or fa%ion4    
,all manly acquiesc5ce 0 out ( ! "q4 ,! 
,unit>ians1 z su*1 7 indiff]5t or       
lukew>m2 ! lead+ classes 7 oppos$ to !  

agitation4 ,dr4 ,*ann+ /ood almo/ alone 
9 l5d+ c\nt5ance to ! re=m1 ?\gh 8      
hesitation betwe5 ! dictates ( natural  
feel+ & ,*ri/ian *>ity t[>ds ! ma/]s    
hamp]$ 8 action1 & r5d]$ him obnoxi\s to
 bo? p>ties1--! radicals f9d+ fault )   
him = n go+ fur!r1 ! cons]vatives blam+ 
him because he w5t s f>4 ,!             
transc5d5tali/s 7 q univ]sally          
abolitioni/s1 = _! philosophy po9t$     
directly t[>ds ! exaltation ( e natural 
p[]4 ,:]ev] !y t\*$ ! e>?--z !y did n   
always1 "s ( !m so>+ away beyond        
t]re/rial ?+s--fl[]s ( hope sprang up 9 
_! pa?4 ,9 ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,engl&1  
!y 7 fri5ds ( intellectual & social     
progress1 ( ! ideal democracy4 ,!       
spiritual philosophy 0 9 ! air2 its     
ideas 7 unconsci\sly absorb$ by !       
en?usia/ic spirits4 ,!y con/itut$ ! life
 ( ! p]iod2 !y 7 a light to su* z dwelt 
9 d>kness or sat "u ! %ad[ ( dea?4  ,9  
?is c\ntry ,mr4 ,em]son l$ ! dance ( !  
h\rs4 ,he 0 our poet1 our philosoph]1   
our sage1 our prie/4 ,he 0 ! et]nal man4

 ,if we c\ld n g :]e he w5t1 x 0 because
 we 7 weak & unwor?y to foll[ ! /eps (  
su* an emancipator4 ,8 s+ul> g5ius1 8   
wond]ful s]5ity ( disposition inh]it$ f 
an exceptional ance/ry & seldom ruffl$  
by ! ord9>y passions ( m51 8 curi\s     
felicity ( spee*1 8 wit1 8 practical    
wisdom1 rais$ him above all 8           
contempor>ies4 ,8 infrequ5t contact ) ! 
_w ( affairs1 8 seclusion 9 ! c\ntry1 8 
app>itions f "t to "t on lecture plat=ms
 or 9 conv5tion halls1 gave a f>-(f s\nd
 to 8 voice z if x fell f ! cl\ds4 ,"s  
among 8 fri5ds f\nd fault ) him = be+   
bloodless & e!real1 b ?is add$ to !     
effect ( 8 pres5ce & 8 ^w4 ,! mixture ( 
,!ism & ,pan!ism 9 8 ?\ghts1 ( ! p]sonal
 & ! imp]sonal1 ( ! my/ical & !         
practical1 fasc9at$ ! s5tim5t ( !       
g5]ation1 :ile ! l(ty moral /ra9 ( 8    
tea*+ awak5$ to increas$ en]gy ! wills (
 m54 ,8 spee* & example /imulat$ e      
desire = re=m1 turn+ all eyes t 7 op5$  
to ! l& ( promise t seem$ fully 9 sight4
 ,h[ mu* ! anti-slav]y conviction ( !   

"t1 along ) e o!r movem5t = !           
purification ( society1 ow$ to him we h 
always be5 fond ( say+ ) t indef9it5ess 
( specification :i* communicates s mu* m
 ?an x tells4 ,?is mu/ be said1 t1 9 !  
exhil>ation ( ! p]iod1 !y t work$ h>de/ 
felt no exhau/ion1 & !y t sacrific$ mo/ 
7 consci\s ( no self-abnegation1 & !y t 
?rew _! lives into ?is cause _h no      
s5tim5t b "o ( ov]fl[+ gratitude & joy4 
,! anti-slav]y agitation 0 felt to be   
some?+ m ?an an attempt to apply !      
,beatitudes & ! ,p>ables to a flagrant  
case ( inhumanity--x 0 reg>d$ z a new   
int]pret] ( religion1 a fre% decl>ation 
( ! mean+ ( ! ,gospel1 a liv+ sign ( !  
purely human "* ( a div9e fai?1 an      
education 9 bro!rly love & sacrifice2 x 
0 a common say+ t n[1 = ! fir/ "t 9 _m  
g5]ations1 ! ess5ce ( belief 0 made     
visible & palpable to all m52 t         
,provid5ce 0 tea*+ u 9 a mo/ conv9c+    
way1 & none b deaf e>s c\ld fail to     
und]/& ! message4  ,x 01 inde$1 a mo/   
sugge/ive & inspir+ "t4 ,nev] %all ,i   

=get1 nev] %all ,i cease to be grateful 
=1 ! communion ) noble m9ds t 0 br\ght  
ab\t1 ! moral e>ne/ness t 0 eng5d]$1 !  
moral insight t 0 quick5$4 ,!n1 if ev]1 
we asc5d$ ! ,m\nt ( ,vision4 ,i 0 br\ght
 into close communion ) liv+ m51 ! mo/  
liv+ ( ! "t1 ! mo/ "u ! influ5ce (      
/imulat+ ?\ghts2 & if !y 7 intemp]ate 9 
_! spee*1 extravagant 9 _! op9ions1     
absolute 9 _! moral judgm5ts1 t mu/ be  
tak5 z pro( ( ! dep? ( _! conviction4   
,!y lov$ mu*1 & !re=e c\ld be =giv51 if 
=giv5ess 0 necess>y4 ,!y sacrific$ a    
good deal1 too1 "s ( !m ev]y?+ 9 ! %ape 
( worldly honor1 & ?is br\ght !m        
app>5tly into l9e ) ! confessors &      
sa9ts4 ,!y made real ! precepts ( ! ,new
 ,te/am5t4 ,_! cli5ts 7 ! poor1 ! l[ly1 
! disfran*is$1 ! unprivileg$1 aga9/ :om 
! gr&eurs ( ! _w lift$ a heavy h&4 ,!y 7
 *ampions ( ^? :o sorr[$ & pray$1 & ?is 
0 en\gh to w9 sympa?y & dis>m criticism4
 ,x 0 a great exp]i5ce2 n only 0        
religion br\ght face to face ) e?ics1 b 
x 0 id5tifi$ ) e?ics4 ,x became a       

religion ( ! he>t3 pity1 sympa?y1       
humanity1 & bro!rhood 7 its ess5tial    
pr9ciples4 ,at ! anti-slav]y fairs all  
sorts & conditions ( m5 met toge!r1 )\t 
di/9ction ( color or race or sex4 ,!re 0
 really an education 9 ! broade/ fai?1 9
 :i* dogma1 cre$1 =m1 & rite 7 second>y 
to love2 & love 0 n only univ]sal1 b 0  
w>m4  ,salem 0 ! home ( /ory & leg5d4   
,!re ,puritanism %[$ its be/ & wor/     
sides1 = !re ,rog] ,williams prea*$1 &  
!re ! wit*es 7 p]secut$4 ,! h\se :]e !y 
7 tri$ & ! hill :]e !y 7 execut$ 7      
objects ( curiosity4 ,!re 7 ! wild      
pa/ures & ! romantic %ores1 & broad     
/reets %ad$ by elm trees1 & g>d5s &     
gre5h\ses4 ,!re 7 spaci\s mansions &    
beautiful c\ntry-seats & pleasant walks4
 ,!re 0 beauty & grace & accompli%m5t & 
wit4 ,!re 7 qua9t old build+s1 & ways   
once trodd5 by pi\s & h]oic feet4 ,on ! 
:ole1 ?is 0 ! mo/ idyllic p]iod 9 my    
m9i/ry4 ,?i!r came ,emanuel ,vitalis    
,s*]b1 ! native ( ,basel1 an exile =    
op9ion's sake1 a man full ( g5ius1      

le>n+1 en?usiasm4 ,"y1 h&some1 hopeful1 
8 lectures on ,g]man lit]ature & poetry 
attract$ notice 9 ,bo/on1 :5ce he came  
to ,salem to talk & be ent]ta9$4 ,! be/ 
h\ses 7 op5 to him2 ! be/ p w5t to he>  
him4 ,alas1 poor ,s*]b6 ,8 day (        
popul>ity 0 %ort4 ,he sank f "o /age (  
pov]ty to ano!r2 he 0 indebt$ to fri5ds 
= aid1 among ! re/ to ,h4 ,w4           
,longfell[1 :o clung to him till ! la/1 
& f9ally di$ f disease 9 a milit>y      
hospital e>ly 9 our ,civil ,w>4  ,i     
rememb]1 9 connection ) ,samuel         
,johnson1 collect+ an audi5ce = ,mr4 ,a4
 ,b4 ,alcott1 ! mo/ adroit soliloquiz]  
,i ev] li/5$ to1 :o deliv]$ 9 a         
ve/ry-room a s]ies ( ^? rem>kable       
conv]sations--v]sations ) ! con left    
out--= :i* he 0 celebrat$4 ,x 01 9 _m   
respects1 a happy "t4     ,v4 ,,!       
,,crisis ,,9 ,,belief4   ,i 0 9 ,salem  
:5 ?is came4 ,x happ5$ 9 ! foll[+ way3  
,a woman 9 my *oir1 a melan*oly1 te>ful1
 =lorn woman1 ask$ me "o day if ,i knew 
,!odore ,p>k]4 ,i said ,i did n1 b !n1  

see+ h] disappo9tm5t1 ,i ask$ h] :y %e  
put t "q4 ,%e repli$ t h] husb& _h      
ab&on$ h] "s mon?s be=e & ) ano!r woman 
_h gone to ,ma9e4 ,!re he _h left !     
woman & 0 liv+ 9 ,bo/on1 & 0 a memb] (  
,mr4 ,p>k]'s ,society2 & %e ?\ght t if  
,i knew ,mr4 ,p>k] ,i might f9d out     
some?+ ab\t him1 & p]haps induce him to 
come back to ,salem4 ,i told h] ,i 0 go+
 to ,bo/on 9 a day or two1 & w\ld see   
,mr4 ,p>k]4  ,my visit1 aga9 & aga9     
repeat$1 result$ 9 an intimacy ) t      
extraord9>y man :i* _h a la/+ effect on 
my c>e]4 ,8 p]sonal sympa?y1 8 pr(\nd   
humanity1 8 quickness ( feel+1 8        
s9c]ity1 8 c\rage1 8 absolute fidelity (
 s]vice1 ev5 m ?an 8 a/oni%+ vigor (    
intellect & 8 e>ne/ness 9 pursuit (     
tru?1 made a deep impression on my m9d4 
,to be 9 8 society 0 to be impell$ 9 !  
direction ( all nobl5ess4 ,he talk$ )   
me1 l5t me books1 /imulat$ ! ?ir/ = k1  
op5$ new visions ( usefulness4 ,z ,i    
recall x n[1 8 influ5ce 0 ma9ly p]sonal1
 ! p[] t comes f a great "*4 ,he        

communicat$ a moral impetus4 ,fai? 9    
man1 love ( lib]ty 9 ?\ght1 in/itution1 
law1 brea!d 9 all 8 words & works4 ,8   
!ological ideas 7 some:at mix$1 z 0     
inevitable !n4 ,8 gift ( spiritual      
vision1 especially z %[n 9 8            
int]pretation ( ! ,old-,te/am5t         
n>ratives1 may h be5 imp]fect2 8 moral  
p]spective may h be5 incomplete2 8 le>n+
 0 copi\s1 r ?an disc]n+4 ,b 8          
s+le-m9d$ness 0 p]fect1 & 8 devotion to 
8 fell[-m5 0 almo/ sup]human4 ,x 0 a    
privilege to "k su* a man1 s            
simple-he>t$ & brave4 ,! slight         
disposition to put himself on 8         
omnisci5ce1 to /rike an attitude1 0 n   
/range consid]+ 8 enorm\s =ce1 8        
consci\sness ( p[]1 8 s+ul> influ5ce ov]
 m51 & 8 conviction 79 l>ge measure =c$ 
on him by 8 advocates7 t he 0 a religi\s
 re=m]1 a second ,lu!r1 ! inaugurator ( 
a new ,prote/antism4 ,8 ?ree doctr9es1  
to :i* he con/antly appeal$1 & 9 pro( ( 
:i* he adduc$ ! te/imony ( ! human      
s\l1--! exi/5ce ( a p]sonal ,god1 !     

immortality ( ! individual1 & !         
absolut5ess ( ! moral law might h be5   
unt5able 9 ! pres5ce ( mod]n k "u ! =m 9
 :i* he /at$ !m4 ,8 va/ collection (    
mat]ials 9 atte/ation ( ,!ism may h be5 
valuable *iefly z a curiosity2 b ! man  
himself 0 all ( "o piece1 g5u9e ?r\gh & 
?r\gh4 ,! m+l+ ( fire & mod]ation 9 him 
0 v rem>kable1 ! bl5d+ ( consum+        
radicalism ) sav+ cons]vatism puzzl$ 8 m
 vehem5t disciples2 b 8 "* int]e/$      
ev]ybody2 8 firmness 0 visible f af>1 & 
8 w>m? ( he>t 0 felt ?r\gh /one walls4  
,!re 7 no two m9i/]s 9 ,bo/on :o did z  
mu* = ! inmates ( hospitals & prisons z 
he did4 ,8 m9i/ry ceas$ a qu>t] ( a     
c5tury ago1 b ! effect is vital yet1 & w
 la/ = ye>s to come4 ,at ?is di/ance !  
he>t leaps up to meet him4 ,8 *ief "w 0 
done1 = x consi/$ ma9ly 9 ! adoption ( a
 type ( "*1 & l5g? ( days is n ne$$ =   
?is1 :ile x is apt to be impair$ by !   
infirmities ( age4 ,8 long1 we>isome    
illness1 full ( weakness & pa91 te/$ !  
/r5g? ( 8 =titude1 pati5ce1 hopefulness1

 & tru/1 & 0 int]e/+ z %[+ ! passive1   
acquiesc5t side ( h]oism1 all ! m       
impressive 9 view ( 8 love ( life1 8    
desire to f9i% 8 c\rse1 8 s5se (        
acc\ntability 7/rong] 9 him ?an 9       
anybody ,i ev] met71 & 8 wi% to s]ve 8  
k9d4 ,x 0 my happ9ess1 m ?an t5 ye>s    
aft] he w5t away f m51 to dwell = mon?s 
9 8 atmosph]e1 :ile writ+ 8 biography1 &
 all my old impressions ( him 7         
confirm$4 ,& five ye>s lat]1 review+ 8  
life 9 ! ,index1 ,i 0 aga9 /ruck by 8   
greatness4 ,i may be excus$ = quot+ !   
clos+ passage f ! ,index1 ( ,july #e1   
#ahgg1 9 :i* ,i /at$ ! claims ( ,!odore 
,p>k] to ! honor ( po/]ity4 ,! p>agraph 
sums up ! qualities t h be5 ascrib$ to  
him--integrity1 ca?olicity1             
outspok5ness2 to ^! might h be5 add$    
w>m? ( he>t1 b ?is la/ attribute lay on 
! surface1 & c\ld be easily appreciat$  
by ord9>y obs]v]s--9 fact1 0 se5 &      
ackn[l$g$ by 8 enemies1 & by ^? :o knew 
him lea/4       ,on ! :ole1 !n1 ,i %\ld 
say t manl9ess 0 ,!odore      ,p>k]'s   

cr[n+ quality & supreme claim to        
di/9ction4 ,t he      _h o!r mo/        
rem>kable gifts is conc$$ z a matt] (   
c\rse4      ,ev]ybody kn[s t he _h4 ,b  
?is 0 8 prime *>act]i/ic4      ,! o!r   
gifts he _h 9 spite ( himself--8 ?ir/ = 
k1 8 love ( books1 8 all-dev\r+ indu/ry1
 8      unfail+ memory1 8 natural       
eloqu5ce or p[] ( afflu5t               
expression2 b "* m5 reg>d z less a gift 
?an an      acquisition1--! fruit (     
aspiration1 resolve1 fidelity1--!       
product ( daily1 nay1 ( h\rly1 endeavor4
 ,h5ce x is t      intellectual         
greatness does n impress ! multitude2   
ev5 g5ius      has b a limit$ sway ov] !
 masses ( mank9d4 ,b "*      goes to !  
roots ( life4 ,9 fact1 ,!odore ,p>k]'s  
em95ce z a      man ( ?\ght & expression
 9 words has conceal$ f ! _w      at    
l>ge ! intr9sic quality ( ! p]son4 ,8   
reputation z      !ologian1 prea*]1     
controv]siali/1 has conceal$ ! real     
greatness :i* comes to light z ! du/ (  
controv]sy subsides4      ,! v causes 9 

:i* ! h]oism ( 8 manl9ess 0             
display$--z1 = example1 ! anti-slav]y   
cause1 to :i* he      devot$ s mu* ( 8  
"t & vitality--r5d]$ inconspicu\s      !
 contribution he made to ! treasury (   
humane feel+4 ,n[      t t great        
conflict is ov]1 n[ t its agitations h  
ceas$ & its heats h cool$1 ! "* ( :i*   
?is      conflict reveal$ b a portion1 !
 c>e] 9 :i* ?is long      agony 0 b an  
episode1 loom up into di/9ctness4 ,!    
greate/      ( all human a*ievem5ts is a
 manly "*--guileless1 s9c]e1      &     
brave2 t he by all admission possess$4  
,he e>n$ x2 he      pray$ = x2 m$itat$ =
 x2 work$ = x2--h[ h>d1 8      private  
j\rnals %[4 ,& = ?is he w n be =gott54  
,=      ?is he w be rememb]$ z "o ( !   
b5efactors1 "o ( !      emancipators1 ( 
8 k9d4  ,f a %elf 9 8 libr>y1 ,i took   
,s*wegl]'s ,na*apo/olis*e ,zeitalt]1 a  
"w :i* ?rew a flood ( light on !        
problems ( ,new-,te/am5t criticism4 ,?is
 l$ to a /udy ( ! writ+s ( ,f4 ,c4      
,baur1 ! f\nd] ( ! s-call$ ,tueb+5      

,s*ool4 ,a complete set ( ! ,!ologis*e  
,jahrbue*]1 ! organ ( 8 ideas1 0 import$
 f ,g]many1 & c>efully p]us$4 ,^!       
volumes conta9$ full & m9ute /udies on  
all ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t--,gospels1
 ,epi/les1 ! writ+ t]m$ ,! ,acts ( !    
,apo/les1 ) incid5tal glances at !      
,apocalypse4 ,! calm1 consi/5t /r5g? (  
^! expositions comm5d$ !m to my m9d4 ,! 
au?or 0 a univ]sity pr(essor1 a man (   
practical piety1 a ,lu!ran prea*] ( high
 repute1 simple1 affectionate1 fai?ful  
to 8 duties1 q unconsci\s t he 0 und]m9+
 anybody's fai?1 s deeply root$ 0 ! old 
,lu!ran fre$om ( criticism 9 reg>d to ! 
,bible4 ,9 ! ,g]man m9d1 religion &     
lit]ature1 ,*ri/ianity & ! ,scriptures1 
7 entirely di/9ct ?+s4 ,! s*ol> c\ld sit
 9 8 libr>y 9 "o mood & c\ld ent] 8     
pulpit 9 ano!r1 pres]v+ 9 bo? !         
s+le-m9d$ness t became a ,*ri/ian & a   
/ud5t4  ,o!r !ories h aris5 s9ce1 b none
 t h tak5 hold ( su* em95t m9ds h       
appe>$4 ,!odore ,p>k] accept$ x2 ,james 
,m>t9eau adopt$ its ma9 proposition 9   

sev]al rem>kable pap]s writt5 at v>i\s  
times1 la/ 9 ! ,unit>ian magaz9e ,old & 
,new4 ,9 ! brilliant lectures deliv]$ 9 
,london1 dur+ ! spr+ ( #ahhj1 on !      
,hibb]t ,f\ndation1 ,erne/ ,r5an's /rik+
 acc\nt ( e>ly ,*ri/ianity ow$ its =ce  
to ! assumption ( ! fundam5tal po/ulate 
( ! ,tueb+5 ,s*ool4 ,9 ! latt] ye>s ( 8 
life1 ,baur summ$ up ! results ( 8      
criticism 9 a pamphlet t 0 design$ to   
meet objections2 & 9 #ahge-ahgg 8       
son-9-law1 ! le>n$ ,edw>d ,zell]1 "o ( 8
 able/ disciples1 an em95t pr(essor (   
hi/ory at ,b]l91 publi%$ an e>ne/1      
c>efully consid]$1 ma/]ly report ( !    
writ+s ( ! n[ fam\s tea*]1 9 ! c\rse (  
:i* he paid a m]it$ tribute to 8 "*1    
v9dicat$ 8 views f ! *>ge ( ha/e &      
p>tisan%ip1 & pr$ict$ = !m a triumphant 
future499      99 ,vortraege und        
,abh&lung51 von ,e4 ,zell]1 #b vols41   
,leipzig4  ,! adoption ( ^! op9ions1 s  
oppos$ to ! views curr5t 9 ! community1 
compell$ ! adoption ( a new basis =     
religi\s conviction4 ,*ri/ianity1 9 s f>

 z x dep5d$ on ! ,new ,te/am5t or !     
doctr9es ( ! e>ly ,*ur*1 0 disc>d$4 ,!  
c>d9al t5ets ( ! ,cre$--! ,deity ( !    
,*ri/1 ! atonem5t1 ev]la/+ p]dition--_h 
be5 dismiss$ already1 & ,i 0 virtually  
beyond ! limits ( ! ,confession4 ,b     
,!ism rema9$1 & ! spiritual nature ( man
 ) its crav+ = religi\s tru?4 ,)\t go+ s
 f> z ,!odore ,p>k] did1 :o ma9ta9$ t ! 
?ree prim>y beliefs ( religion--!       
exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! assurance ( individual
 immortality1 ! reality ( a moral law--7
 p]man5t1 univ]sal1 & def9ite facts (   
human nature1 f\nd :]ev] man 0 f\nd2 )\t
 go+ s f> z ?is1 ,i cont5d$ t man _h a  
spiritual nature2 t ?is nature1 on com+ 
to consci\sness ( its p[]s & ne$s1 gave 
expression to exalt$ beliefs1 clo?+ !m )
 au?ority1 build+ !m into temples1      
orda9+ !m 9 ! =m ( c]emonies &          
prie/hoods4 ,9 support ( ?is op9ion1    
appeal 0 made to ! great religions ( !  
_w1 to ! sub/antial agreem5t ( all sacr$
 books1 to ! spontane\s homage paid1 9  
all ages1 to sa9ts & prophets2 to !     

ess5tial accord ( moral precepts all ov]
 ! globe1 to ! example ( ,jesus1 to !   
,beatitudes & ,p>ables1 to ! respect    
giv5 by rude p to ! noble/ p]sons1 to ! 
cr$5ces t inspire multitudes1 to !      
tea*+s ( ,s*lei]ma*]1 ,fi*te1 ,con/ant1 
,c\s91 ,c>lyle1 ,goe!1 ,em]son1 9 fact1 
to e lead+ writ] ( ! la/ g5]ation4 ,all 
?is 0 s beautiful1 s consi/5t & conv9c+1
 s full ( promise1 s broad1 pla91 &     
inspir+ t1 ) a fre% b miscalculat$      
en?usiasm1 ov]-sangu9e1 ?\ghtless1 ! "y 
m9i/] und]took to c>ry 8 congregation ) 
him1 b )\t success2 s he w5t else:]e4   
,?is action proce$$ f ! fai? t ,p>k]    
in/ill$4 ,p>k] 0 pre-em95tly1 to ^? :o  
compreh5d$ him1 a believ]4  ,9 ! words (
 ,d4 ,a4 ,wasson1 8 successor 9 ,music  
,hall3       ,!odore ,p>k] 0 "o ( ! mo/ 
en]getic & religi\s      believ]s ^!    
lat] c5turies h kn[n4 ,?is 0 ! prime    
*>act]i/ic ( ! man4 ,he did n agree 9 ! 
details ( 8      unbeliev+ ) ! majority 
( ^? ar\nd him1 because x 0      "p ( 8 
religion to ?9k freely1 "p ( _! religion

 to      =be> ?9k+ freely on ! highe/   
matt]s4 ,b he 0 n only      a p[]ful    
believ] 9 8 own s\l1 b 0 ! believ+      
,h]cules      :o w5t =? 9 ! "n ( div9e  
law to cleanse ! ,augean      /ables ( !
 _w4444 ,?is1 ,i repeat1 & c n repeat ) 
too mu* emphasis1 0 ! *>act]i/ic ( !    
man--s9ewy1      /alw>t1 prophetic1     
f]vid1 aggressive1 believ+4444 ,!       
,h]cules      r ?an ! ,apollo ( belief1 
x 0 n 8 to *>m rocks &      trees )     
immortal music1 b to smite ! hydra (    
publicity1      iniquity1 & consecrat$  
falsehood ) ! club or mace (            
belief2 if ?is might n suffice1 !n to   
burn out its f\l life      ) ! fire ( 8 
s>casms4  ,to quote my own words1 writt5
 9 #ahgc 7see ,life4 p4 #eff73      ,)  
him ! religi\s s5tim5t 0 supreme4 ,x _h 
no roots 9 8     be+ :olly di/9ct f its 
m5tal or s5sible =ms (     expression4  
,nev] evaporat+ 9 my/ical dreams nor    
entangl$ 9     ! me%es ( cunn+          
speculation1 x pres]v$ its fre%ness &   
bloom & fragance 9 e passage ( 8 life4  

,8 s5se ( !     reality ( div9e ?+s 0 z 
/rong z 0 ev] felt by a man (     su*   
cle> intellig5ce4 ,8 feel+ nev] lo/ its 
gl[1 nev] 0     damp$ by misgiv+1 dimm$ 
by d\bt1 or cl\d$ by sorr[4 ,f> f       
dread+ to submit 8 fai? to te/1 he c\rt$
 te/s2 0 z eag]     to he> ! argum5ts   
aga9/ 8 belief z = x2 0 z fair 9        
weigh+ evid5ce on ! oppon5t's side z on 
8 own4 ,oh1 t     m9e enemy _h writt5 a 
book6 he 0 ready to cry1 n t he         
might demoli% x1 b t he might read x4   
,he knew ! writ+s     ( ,moles*ott1 &   
talk$ ) him p]sonally2 ! books ( ,c>l   
,vogt 7 n /range to him4 ,! philosophy (
 ,ludwig ,bue*n]1 if     philosophy x c 
be call$1 0 z famili> to him z to any ( 
,bue*n]'s disciples4 ,he 0 intimate ) ! 
?\ghts ( ,feu]ba*4     ,he drew into    
discussion e a!i/ & mat]iali/ he met1   
talk$     ) !m closely & confid5tially1 
& rose f ! int]view     m confid5t 9 !  
/r5g? ( 8 own positions ?an ev]4        
,sci5ce he c\nt$ 8 be/ fri5d2 reli$ on x
 = confirmation (     8 fai?1 & 0 only  

impati5t because x mov$ no fa/]4 ,all   
! mat]iali/s 9 & out ( ,*ri/5dom _h no  
p[] to %ake 8     conviction ( !        
,inf9ite ,god & ! immortal exi/5ce1 nor 
w\ld     h _h _h he liv$ till he 0 a    
c5tury old1 =1 9 8 view1     !          
convictions 7 plant$ deep 9 human       
nature1 & 7 dem&$     by ! exig5cies (  
human life4 ,moles*ott respect$ ,p>k]2  
,dessor     0 8 confid5tial fri5d2      
,feu]ba* w\ld h tak5 him by !     h& z a
 bro!r4  ,!re c be no great] mi/ake ?an 
to call ,!odore ,p>k] a ,dei/2 ?an to   
class ,!odore ,p>k] ) ! ,dei/s4 ,he 0   
utt]ly unlike ,*ubb or ,%aftesbury1     
,h]b]t ( ,*]bury or ,bol+broke4 ,ev5 !  
mo/ philosophical ( !m _h no?+ 9 common 
) him4 ,hume & ,voltaire1 = in/ance1 7  
utt]ly unlike him4 ,!y1 x is true1      
believ$ 9 a ,god1 ! ,fir/ ,cause1 !     
,au?or ( ,nature1 ! ,supreme ,be+1 & 9 a
 future life4 ,b _! belief 0 m]ely      
logical & me*anical1 8 0 vital2 he      
believ$ 9 ! real1 liv+1 imman5t ,deity4 
,!y ?\ght t religion 0 an imposition1 a 

policy ( ! prie/s1 :o play$ ^u ! fe>s ( 
mank9d2 he believ$ t religion 0 a work+ 
p[] 9 ! _w1 ! orig9 ( ! highe/          
a*ievem5t1 ! s\l ( all aspiration4 ,!y  
_h no fai? 9 ! direct communication ( ! 
,supreme ,m9d ) ! s\l ( man2 he believ$ 
9 ! inf9ite g5ius ( man1 & 9 ! direct   
communication ( ! absolute intellig5ce4 
,!y ?\ght ( ju/ice z a contrivance =    
secur+ happ9ess2 he ?\ght ( x z ! law ( 
life4 ,"o ( ,mr4 ,p>k]'s fri5ds ascrib$ 
to him a gorge\s imag9ation2 if he _h x1
 x is a surprise t x %\ld h be5 s       
completely suppress$ z x 01 = 8 ta/e 9  
pictures & 9 poetry 0 v que/ionable4 ,8 
want ( speculative tal5t probably help$ 
him ) ! p4 ,:e!r he =mulat$ 8 ?\ghts is 
unc]ta94 ,su* 0 n 8 g5ius4 ,he 0 a      
con/ructive1 n a de/ructive4 ,x 0 8 fai?
 t he criticis$ ! ,bible 9 ord] t he    
might release its piety & righte\sness2 
t he tore 9 pieces ! cre$s 9 ord] to    
emancipate ! secrets ( div9ity4  ,x is  
useless to conjecture :at ,p>k] might h 
be5 _h he liv$4 ,t he w\ld h held to 8  

prim>y convictions is almo/ c]ta92 x is 
q c]ta9 t he w\ld h lov$ m5tal lib]ty4  
,he w\ld h be5 a great p[] 9 our ,civil 
,w>2 he w\ld probably h be5 a lead] 9 ! 
free religi\s movem5t4 ,p>k]1 :5 ,i fir/
 knew him1 0 9 full life & vigor4 ,he _h
 gone to ,bo/on a %ort "t be=e my       
ord9ation 9 #ahdg1 & _h be=e him a long 
future ( usefulness4 ,all ! exig5cies 9 
:i* he might h be5 conspicu\s 7 di/ant4 
,t ! effect ( su* a man on me & my      
connections 0 exce$+ly great is n       
/range4 ,x w\ld h be5 /range _h x be5   
o!rwise4 ,9 s]mon1 pray]1 private       
conv]sations my convictions came out4 ,t
 ! p 7 disappo9t$ may be assum$1 b !y 7 
k9d1 g5]\s1 & pati5t4 ,! congregations  
did n fall (f2 !re 0 little viol5ce or  
ev5 vehem5t expo/ulation4 ,b ! position 
0 n com=table1 & :5 an invitation came f
 ,j]sey ,city to f\nd a new ,society1 ,i
 accept$ x at once4 ,x _h be5 a dream ( 
,dr4 ,bell[s to e/abli% a ,society at t 
place1 &1 le>n+ t ,i 0 9 se>* ( ano!r   
sph]e ( activity1 he ask$ me to und]take

 ! "w4 ,?is 0 second$ by a cordial      
repres5tation f ,j]sey ,city itself1 on 
! "p ( "s :o 7 ,dr4 ,bell[s' own        
p>i%ion]s4 ,! uproot+ 0 n easy1 = ,salem
 _h become ende>$ to me z ! fir/ sc5e ( 
my m9i/ry1 a place :]e ,i c\ld be useful
 9 _m ways1 & :i* conta9$ a delightful  
society2 an e/abli%$1 well-furni%$ t[n1 
) hi/oric associations2 a c\ntry c5tre1 
an agreeable situation4 ,b ! wat]s 7    
gett+ /ill !re1 & ! s5tim5t ( ! pa/ 0   
gett+ to ov]-weigh ! promises ( !       
future4     ,,vi4 ,,j]sey ,,city4       
,j]sey ,city1 to :i* ,i w5t directly f  
,salem1 0 a v diff]5t place f :at x is  
n[2 small] & p]haps pleasant]4 ,:]e n[  
is a l>ge city1 a few ye>s ago 0 b a    
village4 ,n[ x is a manufactur+ place1 )
 great e/abli%m5ts1 f\ndries1           
ma*9e-%ops1 banks1 insurance companies1 
newspap]s1 m ?an =ty s*ools1 & m ?an    
sixty *ur*es4 ,!n x 0 a l>ge t[n1 ?\gh x
 0 nom9ally a city 7incorporat$ 9       
#ahbj71 ) a population ( ab\t tw5ty     
?\s&1 ! increase be+ *iefly due to !    

annexation ( suburbs1 n to its own vital
 gr[?4 ,x 0 sub/antially rural 9 "*1 )  
ext5sive mead[s1 broad av5ues2 a place (
 resid5ce l>gely1 ! g5tlem5 liv+ !re &  
do+ bus9ess 9 ,new ,york4 ,!re 7 a few  
,unit>ians1 a few ,univ]sali/s1 b !re 0 
no organiz$ ,unit>ian society be=e ,i   
w5t !re4 ,a great _m cultivat$ p resid$ 
9 ?is place4 ,!re 0 weal?1 culture1 &   
int]e/ 9 social matt]s4 ,a meet+-h\se 0 
built = me & d$icat$ to a l>ge1 rational
 fai?4  ,! *ief peculi>ity ( my m9i/ry  
!re 0 ! disuse ( ! communion s]vice4    
,?is rite ,i _h ?\ght a great deal ab\t 
9 ,salem4 ,!re _h be51 !n1 a well-meant 
proposal on ! "p ( ! pa/or to make an   
alt]ation 9 ! =m ( adm9i/]+ ! communion 
s]vice4 ,! cu/om _h be5 7q an incid5tal 
"o1 = ! usage 0 by no means ! same 9 all
 ! *ur*es ( ! d5om9ation7 to ?ru/ ! rite
 9 once a mon?1 betwe5 ! morn+ wor%ip & 
d9n] "t1 & to (f] x !n to none b !      
*ur*-memb]s1 :o compos$ b a small "p ( !
 congregation4 ,z a consequ5ce ( ?is    
arrangem5t1 ! obs]vance became =mal1    

dry1 %ort1 & tiresome4 ,to ! majority ( 
! ,society x seem$ a my/ical c]emony )  
:i* !y _h no conc]n1 :ile ^? :o /ay$ to 
take "p 9 x1 we>i$ already by ! prec$+  
ex]cises1 & hungry = _! mid-day meal1   
gave to x b half-he>t$ att5tion4 ,!     
obs]vance 0 ?us worse ?an ?r[n away2 =1 
9 addition to ! loss ( an opportunity = 
spiritual impression1 a dang]\s k9d (   
self-righte\sness 0 enc\rag$ 9 ! few    
*ur*-memb]s1 :o reg>d$ !mselves z 9 "s  
way set ap>t f _! fell[-s9n]s1 ei!r z   
hav+ made confession ( fai? or z be+    
subjects ( a peculi> exp]i5ce4 ,to imp>t
 fre%ness to ! rite1 & at ! same "t to  
ext5d its usefulness z a means ( grace1 
! m9i/] propos$ to celebrate x less     
frequ5tly 7once 9 two or ?ree mon?s71 to
 sub/itute x 9 place ( ! usual aft]noon 
meet+1 to make special prep>ation = x by
 ! co-op]ation ( ! *oir1 & to ?r[ x op5 
to z _m z might *oose to come1 be !y    
*ur* memb]s or n4 ,! sugge/ion met )    
feeble response1 & t *iefly f "y p :o _h
 hi!rto /ay$ away out ( a laudable feel+

 ( mode/y1 n wi%+ to rema9 :5 _! eld]s &
 bett]s w5t out1 & n ?9k+ !mselves good 
en\gh to p>take ( a special privilege4  
,! communicants1 z a rule1 set _! faces 
aga9/ ! innovation1 p]haps because !y 7 
secretly p]suad$ t ! *ange port5d$ !    
secul>iz+ ( ,*ri/ianity by a removal ( !
 b>ri] t divid$ ! *ur* f ! _w1 possibly 
because !y wi%$ to reta9 an exclusive   
pr]ogative :i* _h always m>k$ ! elect4  
,! matt] 0 n press$2 ! r\t9e w5t on z   
be=e2 ! m9i/] did 8 be/ to r5d] ! s]vice
 impressive & int]e/+4 ,b 8 /udies &    
m$itations l$ him to ! conclusion t !   
obs]vance _h no place 9 ! ,unit>ian     
sy/em2 t x 0 a m]e =mality1 )\t an      
excuse = be+2 t x conta9$ no idea or    
s5tim5t t 0 n express$ 9 ! ord9>y       
wor%ip2 t x 0 a remnant ( an o!rwise    
disc>d$ =m ( ,*ri/ianity1 :]e x _h a    
peculi> significance2 t x 0 ! la/       
att5uation ( ! ,roman sacram5t (        
transub/antiation2 t x ought to be      
dropp$ f e s*eme ( lib]al fai? z an     
illogical adjunct1 a h>mful excresc5ce1 

a h9drance1 9 %ort4 ,no :isp] ( ^! d\bts
 0 brea!d at ! "t1 b ! pa/or's sil5ce   
all[$ ! scepticism to /rike ! deep] root
 9 8 m9d4 ,mr4 ,em]son's dep>ture f 8   
p>i%1 on ! gr\nd t he c\ld no long]     
adm9i/] ! communion rite accord+ to !   
usage ( ! sect1 _h occurr$ _m ye>s be=e 
?is1 b 0 /ill rememb]$ 9 discussion &   
talk4 ,!odore ,p>k] _h no communion2 b  
he 0 an e/abli%$ lead] ( h]esy1 & did n 
furni% an example4 ,_m1 agree+ )        
,em]son's reason+1 disapprov$ ( 8 c\rse 
9 resign+ 8 pulpit r ?an cont9ue to     
adm9i/] ! bread & w9e4 ,he himself      
advis$ o!rs to hold on to ! obs]vance1  
if !y c\ld1 hop+ = ! "t :5 x might be   
univ]sally vivifi$ by fai?4 ,"s might d 
x z x 04 ,! congregations w\ld1 x is    
likely1 )\t exception1 h decid$ z 8 did1
 to lose _! m9i/] soon] ?an _! ,supp]4  
,"s ye>s lat]1 on pass+ ?r\gh ,bo/on on 
my way to ano!r sc5e ( labor1 ,i call$  
on a di/+ui%$ cl]gyman :o _h tak5 a "p 9
 my ord9ation1 & 0 ask$ by him :at ,i   
int5d$ to d 9 my new p>i% ) reg>d to !  

communion4 ,i repli$ t x 0 n my purpose 
to h x1 ,y _c give x up1 he said2 x is  
/rong] ?an any ( u4 ,i %\ld drop x if ,i
 d>$1 = !re is no?+ real 9 x t is n 9 ! 
g5]al s]vice1 b ,i am afraid to try4 ,i 
%all wat* y\r exp]im5t ) int]e/1 b )\t  
expectation ( its success4 ,v well1 ,i  
repli$1 we %all see4 ,! exp]im5t 0 tri$ 
& succe$$4 ,= f\r ye>s ,i _h no         
communion1 & n a ^w 0 said ab\t x4 ,on  
leav+ = ,new ,york1 sev]al ( my fri5ds1 
:o _h be5 accu/om$ to ! c]emony all _!  
lives1 7 ask$ if !y did n ?9k x w\ld be 
wise to re9/ate ! rite4 ,to my surprise1
 !y ) "o voice said t !re 0 no ne$ ( x1 
t ! ,society got along p]fectly well )\t
 x4 ,x is ne$less to say t 9 ,new ,york 
! obs]vance 0 nev] celebrat$4  ,!       
c]emony 0 ju/ifi$ among ,unit>ians by   
v>i\s reasons :i*1 9 ! end1 seem$       
apologies4 ,) ! old-fa%ion$1            
semi-or?odox memb]s ( ! congregations x 
0 a preci\s heirloom1 priz$ = its       
antiquity2 a l9k t /ill held !m 9 ! bond
 ( fell[%ip ) ! univ]sal *ur*2 a la/    

relic ( ! sup]naturalism to :i* !y clung
 )\t kn[+ :y2 ! pl$ge ( a my/ical union 
) _! ,*ri/4 ,any *ange 9 ! adm9i/ration 
( x 0 reg>d$ z a desecration2 !         
sugge/ion ( its complete discont9uance  
c\ld1 !y ?\ght1 arise 9 no m9d t 0 n    
fatally poison$ by infidelity4 ,x 0 n1 9
 _! op9ion1 a symbol ( doctr9e1 b a     
*annel ( div9e influ5ce1 :i* no         
intellectual d\bts c\ld t\*1 :i*        
spiritual deadness alone c\ld disp5se )4
 ,t5ets might be ab&on$1 =ms ( belief   
might be discr$it$1 b ?is citadel ( fai?
 mu/ n be assail$ or approa*$ by        
irrev]5t feet4 ,mr4 ,em]son's example 0 
n foll[$ by 8 contempor>ies4 ,8 fell[s  
did n s soon rea* 8 po9t ( conviction4  
,ev5 radicals1 l ,george ,ripley1 did n4
 ,9 my own case x 0 ! gr[? ( "t4 ,at !  
mom5t !re 0 no disposition to ab&on !   
obs]vance1 simply a desire to reanimate 
x4 ,x 0 n p]ceiv$ till mu* lat] t !     
*anges propos$ impli$ a virtual ab&onm5t
 ( ! rite itself2 t ! communion is      
reg>d$ z a sacram5t1 t z a sacram5t x   

might be presum$ to be sup]naturally    
in/itut$ = ! communication ( ! div9e    
life2 t1 :5 fai? 9 ! sup]natural        
decl9es1 ! sacram5t no long] has a      
function z a m$ium1 & mu/ be omitt$2 t  
no attempts to revive x z a s5tim5tal   
practice c\ld be ju/ifi$ to reason2 t   
all endeavors to awak5 int]e/ 9 x by    
assum+ "s occult efficacy mu/ be futile 
because gr\ndless4 ,! memorial s]vice c 
9 no prop] s5se be call$ a sacram5t4 ,x 
may be a pleas+ expression ( s5tim5t1   
some:at ov]-/ra9$ & fanciful1 b capable 
( be+ made attractive4 ,! task (        
reproduc+ ! emotions ( ! e>ly disciples 
z !y sat at supp] ) _! ,ma/]1 ne>ly two 
?\s& ye>s ago1 is too sev]e = ! ord9>y  
imag9ation1 & :5 p]si/$ 9 f a s5se (    
duty may become a dull1 creak+ p]=mance1
 aga9/ :i* ! s5sitive rebel & ! witty   
are tempt$ to laun* ! %afts ( _! s>casm4
 ,! only way ( sav+ x f gibes is to     
ascribe to x "s my/ical efficacy = :i*  
!re is no logical excuse4 ,! ,roman     
,ca?olic doctr9e ( ,transub/antiation _h

 a f\ndation 9 ! philosophy ( ! ,*ur*4  
,! ,lu!ran doctr9e ( ,consub/antiation1 
:i* recogniz$ ! pres5ce ( ,*ri/ on !    
occasion1 b n ! lit]al *ange ( !        
sub/ance ( 8 fle%1 0 legitimate4 ,b !   
,sabellian !ory1 :i* ! ,unit>ians       
inh]it$1 0 9 no respect ju/ifi$1 save z 
a tradition4  ,! sole alt]native at t "t
 = me1 :5 ! ,communion s]vice 0 made a  
te/ "q betwe5 ! cons]vative & ! radical1
 0 to drop x4 ,at pres5t ! situation is 
alt]$4 ,x is no long] a c]emony or a    
tradition1 b a means ( spiritual        
cultivation4 ,x /&s = fell[%ip &        
aspiration1 n = a communion ( sa9ts1 b (
 all ^? :o desire to %>e ! sa9tly m9d1 (
 all :o aim at p]fection4 ,! rite is "o 
9 :i* all may unite :o wi%1 h[ev]       
fitfully1 = goodness2 all1 :e!r ,romani/
 or ,prote/ant1 & ,prote/ant ( :atev]   
"n2 all1 9 e religion "u ! sun1 ,ea/]n  
or ,we/]n1 ,nor!rn or ,s\!rn1 old or    
new1 e divid+ l9e be+ eras$4 ,i once    
att5d$ ! ,communion s]vice ( a ,broad   
,*ur*man4 ,! invitation 0 l>ge &        

inclusive1 compreh5d+ ev]ybody :o1 ?\gh 
f> (f1 look$ t[>ds ! light1 ev]ybody :o 
_h ! lea/ glimm] ( ! div9e radiance2 &  
none b an absolute infidel 0 %ut out4   
,!re 0 a recognition ( a div9e nature 9 
m51--      ,l plants 9 m9es :i* nev] saw
 ! sun1     ,b dream ( him1 & guess :]e 
he may be1     ,& d _! be/ to climb &   
get to him4  ,! idea ( spiritual        
communion is a gr& "o4 ,x is univ]sal   
too2 x is human 9 ! be/ s5se4 ,! symbols
 7 anci5t :5 ,jesus us$ !m1 ! ,bread    
signify+ ,tru?1 ! ,w9e signify+ ,life4  
,orig9ally ! symbols ref]r$ to ! weal? (
 nature1 z is evid5t f an anci5t pray]4 
,x 0 ! cu/om = ! ma/] ( ! ,jewi% fea/ to
 repeat ?is =m ( words3 ,bless$ be ,?\1 
,o ,"l1 our ,god1 :o give/ u ! fruits ( 
! v9e1 & !n he gave ! cup to all4       
,leav+ out ! p]sonal application :i* is 
purely incid5tal1 & disc>d+ ! sacram5tal
 idea :i* is a corruption1 ?r[+ ! s]vice
 op5 to ! :ole congregation z an        
opportunity1 a great deal may be        
accompli%$ 9 ! way ( spiritual          

advancem5t4 ,true1 ! c]emony conta9s no 
?\ght or s5tim5t t is n express$ 9 !    
s]mon or ! pray]1 b x puts ^! 9 poetic  
=m1 x addresses !m directly to !        
imag9ation1 x associates !m ) ! holi]   
s\ls 9 _! holie/ h\rs1 & br+s p face to 
face ) _! bett] selves 9 ! t5d]e/ & mo/ 
t\*+ mann]1 tea*+ *>ity1 love1 endeavor 
aft] ! religi\s life4 ,! rite is full ( 
beauty :5 conf9$ )9 ! b\nds (           
,*ri/ianity1 b :5 ext5d$ to ! pr9ciples 
( o!r fai?s1 x is ri* 9 mean+1 & may be 
us$ ) effect by ^? :o wi% to educate ! p
 9 ! highe/ =m ( idealism1 :o desire    
compreh5siv5ess4 ,a symbol (t5 goes     
fur!r ?an an argum5t1 & a symbol s      
anci5t & s consecrat$ ought to be       
pres]v$4 ,a fri5d ( m9e includ$ all     
religi\s tea*]s 9 8 commemoration4 ,?is 
0 a /ep 9 ! "r direction1 b if ! p are n
 ready = ?is yet1 !y may welcome an     
ext5sion ( ! reign ( spiritual love     
among ! disciples :om !ological hatr$   
has kept ap>t4 ,b ?is 0 n suspect$ !n4  
,x w be rem>k$ t my reasons 7 n ^? (    

,em]son4 ,8 argum5t 0 solid & s\nd1 b 8 
real reason 0 p]sonal4 ,he said 9 8     
s]mon3 ,if ,i believ$ x 0 enjo9$ by     
,jesus & 8 disciples t he ev5           
contemplat$ mak+ p]man5t ?is mode (     
commemoration1 e way agreeable to an    
,ea/]n m9d1 & yet on trial x 0          
disagreeable to my own feel+s1 ,i %\ld n
 adopt x4444 ,x is my desire 9 ! (fice (
 a ,*ri/ian m9i/] to d no?+ :i* ,i _c d 
) my :ole he>t4 ,hav+ said ?is ,i h said
 all4444 ,t is ! end ( my opposition1 t 
,i am n int]e/$ 9 x4 ,my gr\nd 0        
diff]5t2 ,i _h no objection to ! symbol1
 none to an ,ori5tal symbol1 & ! m]e    
fact t ,i 0 n int]e/$ 9 x seem$ to me n 
p]t95t to ! case4 ,my objection 0 t x   
divid$ ^? :o ought to be unit$2 t x     
enc\rag$ a =m ( self-righte\sness2 t x  
impli$ a grace t did n exi/4 ,= ! re/1  
my =m ( religion 0 ( s5tim5t4 ,x 0      
sc>cely ,unit>ian1 n ev5 ,*ri/ian 9 a   
te*nical s5se or 9 any o!r b a broad    
moral signification4 ,x 0 ,!ism f\nd$ on
 ! ,transc5d5tal philosophy1 a sub/itute

 = ! au?ority ( ,romanism & (           
,prote/antism4 ,?is 0 an admirable      
c\nt]feit ( ,inspiration1 hav+ ! fire1 !
 gl[1 ! beauty ( x4 ,x mo/ successfully 
tid$ ov] ! gulf betwe5 ,prote/antism &  
,rationalism4 ,p>k] us$ x ) great       
effect4 ,x 0 ! life ( ,em]son's tea*+4  
,x animat$ ,?omas ,c>lyle4 ,x 0 !       
fundam5tal assumption ( ! ,abolitioni/s1
 & ( all social re=m]s4  ,i _h p]fect   
fre$om ( spee* 9 ,j]sey ,city2 !re 0 no 
opposition to ! doctr9e ann\nc$4 ,!     
,society !re 0 l>ge & fl\ri%+1 & its    
influ5ce 9 ! t[n 0 on ! increase4 ,b    
,j]sey ,city 01 aft] all1 a suburb only 
( ,new ,york4 ,"s ( my mo/ devot$ he>]s 
came f ,new ,york1 & urg$ me to g !re4  
,dr4 ,bell[s 0 anxi\s to f\nd a ?ird    
,society 9 ! great city1 & add$ 8 ^w to 
_! solicitations1 s t 9 ! spr+ ( #ahei  
,i w5t ?i!r4 ,my *ur* 9 ,j]sey ,city 0  
cont9u$ = a %ort "t1 b ,i _h no settl$  
successor2 ! congregation did n gr[2 "s 
( my mo/ e>ne/ support]s _h ei!r di$ or 
left ! t[n4 ,! w> broke out & 0 fatal to

 in/itutions t _h n a deep root4 ,!     
build+ 0 sold soon aft]1 = bus9ess      
purposes ,i ?9k1 & ! society 0 nev]     
r5ew$4 ,?is may appe> s+ul> consid]+ t  
!re are ,unit>ian *ur*es else:]e 9 ,new 
,j]sey1 at ,camd51 ,orange1 ,pla9field1 
,v9el&1 & ,woodbury4 ,! *ang$ condition 
( ! t[n may h _h some?+ to d ) ! failure
 to revive1 aft] ! w>1 ! ,unit>ian      
,society4 ,! ,ca?olic1 ,presbyt]ian1    
,or?odox ,congregationali/ communions 7 
m suit$ to ! new population ?an !       
,unit>ian 04 ,possibly1 too1 ! radical  
complexion ( ! p>i% _h some?+ to d ) !  
disrepute t fell ^u x4 ,h[ev] ?is may h 
be51 ! cause did n seem to prosp]4 ,mr4 
,job ,male1 :o di$ rec5tly at           
,pla9field1 0 "o ( my mo/ zeal\s        
support]s & ex]t$ himself to keep !     
ent]prise alive1 b 9 va94 ,x is und]/ood
 t ! fl\ri%+ ,unit>ian *ur* 9 ,pla9field
 0 l>gely due to 8 ef=ts4     ,,vii4    
,,new ,,york4   ,= ! fir/ ye> 9 ,new    
,york ,i liv$ ) ,dr4 ,bell[s at 8       
p>sonage4 ,mrs4 ,bell[s & ! *ildr5 7 at 

,eagleswood1 ,new ,j]sey1 ! *ildr5 be+  
at s*ool ) ,mr4 ,weld4 ,& ?is is ! place
 to say some?+ ab\t ,h5ry ,:itney       
,bell[s4 ,he 0 a v rem>kable man1 mo/   
extraord9>y 9 8 way2 an orig9al man1 a  
peculi> individual2 ( m]curial temp]1   
v>i\s1 quick1 sympa!tic1 brave1         
:ole-he>t$1 g5]\s1 b all 9 8 own fa%ion4
 ,m ,celtic ?an ,saxon1 m ,fr5* ?an     
,engli%1 prone to g5]alize1 some?+ ( a  
doctr9aire1 indiff]5t to p]sonalities1 b
 ( w>m affections :]e he 0 int]e/$2     
loyal1 z knights always are1 :]e 8 honor
 0 conc]n$1 b impati5t ( dictation1     
re/less1 n]v\s1 impetu\s1 da%+ f side to
 side1 always consi/5t ) himself1 yet   
r>ely consi/5t ) ord9>y rules (         
conv5tional society4 ,su* a man is be/  
describ$ 9 detail4  ,dr4 ,bell[s1 z we  
call$ him1 _h a s+ul> gift ( expression4
 ,?is 0 ! s\l ( him1 8 mo/ prom95t      
feature1 ! trait t expla9s e o!r4 ,8    
appe>ance indicat$ z mu*4 ,he _h a      
mobile m\?1 flexible features1 a r++    
voice1 a cordial mann]4 ,he 0 fond (    

talk+1 brilliant 9 conv]sation1         
attractive 9 social int]c\rse1 a *>m+   
companion1 full ( wit1 rapid 9 rep>tee1 
ready ) anecdote1 illu/ration1 allusion4
 ,he 0 a great favorite at ! d9n]-table1
 at fri5dly ga!r+s1 at ! club1 :]e a    
circle always collect$ r\nd him & 7     
delight$ ) ! endless v]satility ( 8     
disc\rse4 ,9 fact1 he 0 a man ( society 
r ?an a cl]gyman1 ?\gh he occupi$ a     
pulpit f ! beg9n+1 & 0 fai?ful to all ! 
duties ( 8 pr(ession4 ,/ill !y 7 n      
altoge!r to 8 ta/e1 & he got away f !m  
:5ev] he consci5ti\sly c\ld4 ,8 be/     
deliv]ances 7 half-secul> addresses on  
"s !me ( imm$iate popul> int]e/1        
spee*es1 orations1 e?ical talks1 ev] on 
a high plane ( s5tim5t1 b look+ t[>ds ! 
urg5t preoccupations ( ! "t4 ,he 0 n a  
/ud5t 9 any direction2 n a deep1 pati5t1
 exhau/ive ?9k]2 n a s*ol> 9 any s*ool1 
b an imm5se read] ( curr5t lit]ature1 ( 
magaz9es1 pap]s1 memoirs1 & an eloqu5t  
reproduc] ( ?\ghts z he f\nd !m ly+ on !
 surface ( ! intellectual _w4 ,8 bra9 0 

exce$+ly active1 & rea*$ =? 9 all       
directions2 8 p5 0 flu5t1 facile1 &     
busy2 language exud$ f all 8 pores4 ,z a
 prea*] he 0 conv5tional1 re/ra9$1 &1 x 
mu/ be confess$1 n engag+ z a rule1 b z 
a talk] he 0 delightful1 copi\s1        
ent]ta9+1 k9dl+1 attractive to old & "y1
 & cr[ds ?rong$ ! h\se :5 he spoke ab\t 
:at he _h se5 or felt1 :ile 8 pulpit    
disc\rses did n fill ! pews4 ,l _m m5 ( 
rem>kable tal5ts1 he imag9$ 8 /rong     
po9ts to be ^? 9 :i* he 0 mo/ defici5t1 
n be+ gift$ ) mu* p[] ( self-k1 & p]haps
 aspir+ aft] accompli%m5ts he did n     
possess4 ,he prid$ himself m ?an he %\ld
 h done on 8 insight z a !ologian1 8    
dep? z a philosoph]1 8 skill z an       
adm9i/rator1 8 practical success z an   
organiz]2 :]eas 8 consummate ability    
consi/$ 9 exposition1 n 9 orig9al       
discov]y4 ,he 0 n a !ologian1 n a       
philosoph]1 n a build]1 b a mo/         
p]suasive advocate1 p]haps ! mo/ adroit 
,i ev] met )4 ,8 range 0 wide1 8        
exub]ance inf9ite1 8 sway ov] 8 li/5]s  

absolute4 ,x is no m>vel t su* a man 0  
p]suad$ t he c\ld a*ieve all ?+s4  ,he 0
 ! only speak] ,i ev] knew :o c\ld talk 
himself into ideas4 ,_m1 by d9t ( talk+1
 c "w !mselves into an implicit fai? 9  
doctr9es !y 7 indiff]5t ab\t at />t+2 b 
?is man _h ! dang]\s gift ( be+ able1 n 
m]ely to ?9k on 8 feet1 b to set 8      
faculties 9 motion by ! action ( 8      
tongue4 ,aga9 & aga9 he has gone to a   
public meet+1 at :i* he 0 expect$ to    
speak1 ) no prep>ation at all1 or none b
 a v g5]al "o1 dep5d+ ^u "s impulse ( ! 
mom5t to set him a-go+4 ,a ^w dropp$ by 
a previ\s speak]1 ! m]e pres5ce ( !     
audi5ce1 a sugge/ion awak5$ 9 8 m9d z he
 sat await+ 8 turn1 w\ld excite him     
suffici5tly2 & :5 he /ood up "o idea    
/>t$ ano!r1 an illu/ration op5$ a new   
field ( ?\ght1 till ! torr5t1 gr[+ deep]
 & m tumultu\s z x fl[$1 c>ri$ ! he>]s  
away 9 ec/asy4 ,"o :o did n "k him f\nd 
x h>d to believe t he _h n m$itat$ 8    
address be=eh&4 ,he has gone into !     
pulpit ) a writt5 s]mon1 & be+ /ruck by 

a s5t5ce 9 ! ,scripture he 0 read+1 has 
laid 8 manuscript aside & deliv]$ an    
extemporane\s disc\rse on an entirely   
diff]5t !me4  ,! reason :y he did n     
prea* habitually )\t notes 0 t ?is fatal
 facility ( spee* excit$ him too mu*1   
c>ri$ him too f>1 r5d]$ him discursive1 
l$ him on to inord9ate l5g?1 & we>i$ 8  
congregation4 ,he ne$$ ! re/ra9t ( !    
pap]1 ! calm dignity ( ! closet         
m$itation2 he ne$$ also to spread 8     
?\ghts ov] a l>g] expanse ( "t1 & ?us to
 secure quiet = 8 bra94 ,at ! risk1     
!re=e1 ( be+ dull1 he sp>$ himself1 z   
well z 8 p>i%ion]s1 ! /imulat+ f]vor ( !
 extemporane\s address4 ,he may h felt1 
too1 t 8 0 n ! quality ( m9d = ?is      
me?od4 ,x requir$ a less flu5t tal5t1 a 
less ready loquacity1 a less m]curial   
temp]am5t1 a m res]v$ habit4 ,!re are ^?
 ^: con/itutional retic5ce pres]ves !m f
 ab]ration2 :o c see ! end f ! beg9n+2 c
 cl+ closely to ! matt] 9 h&2 c walk a  
?9 plank2 & h too few ready ideas to be 
9 any p]il ( go+ a/ray4 ,su* are ! mo/  

successful extemporane\s prea*]s4 ,dr4  
,bell[s' g5ius 0 bett] adapt$ to an     
address1 !re=e1 ?an to a s]mon4  ,!     
secul> view ( ?+s 0 m attractive to him 
?an ! spiritual4 ,8 def5ce ( ! drama 9  
#aheg 7an oration deliv]$ 9 ! ,academy (
 ,music1 & :i* 0 v bold = t "t72 8      
vigor\s conduct ( ! ,*ri/ian ,inquir]1 a
 ,unit>ian pap]1 :i* he manag$ & = :i*  
he wrote con/antly = f\r ye>s1 advocat+ 
an unwont$ lib]ality ( sympa?y1 ma9ta9+1
 = example1 ! sub/antial id5tity ( !    
,unit>ian & ! ,univ]sali/ confessions2 8
 int]e/ 9 que/ions ( social &           
philan?ropic conc]n2 8 lectures be=e !  
,l[ell ,in/itute 9 #aheg1--;all atte/ 8 
desire to effect a reconciliation betwe5
 sci5ce & religion1 betwe5 ?is _w & !   
next4 ,8 oration be=e ! ,phi ,beta      
,kappa ,society ( ,h>v>d1 9 #ahec1 is an
 admirable specim5 ( 8 treatm5t ( simil>
 !mes4 ,! subject ( ! oration 0 ,! ,l$g]
 & ! ,lexicon1 or ,bus9ess & ,lit]ature 
9 ,acc\nt ) ,am]ican ,education2 & its  
purpose 0 to ass]t ! claims ( popul>    

life aga9/ ^? ( s*ol>%ip1--to /ate !    
case ( natural in/9cts & practical      
intellig5ce z ! controll+ =ce ( our     
de/9y4 ,he says1 mo/ truly1 at ! outset1
 ,speak+ purely z a s*ol>1 ,i %\ld      
unaffect$ly feel t ,i _h no?+ to (f]    
wor?y ?is audi5ce or occasion1 & !n he  
goes on ) a full1 e>ne/1 eloqu5t plea = 
! intellectual "* ( our political &     
comm]cial activity4 ,"h is an extract3  
,:at ,hi/ory asks f u is n ,lit]ature & 
,art4 ,! _w is      full ( :at c nev]   
gr[ old 9 ei!r4 ,am]ican ,lit]ature1    
,am]ican ,art6 ,heav5 save u f !m6 ,let 
u freely use :at is      s mu* bett] ?an
 any?+ "o nation c make1 ! ,lit]ature   
& ,art ( ! :ole pa/ & ! :ole _w4 ,hi/ory
 implores u1      fir/ ( all1 to be true
 to humanity4 ,%e begs to see !         
education1 ! ta/e1 ! s5sibility ( ?is   
great p turn$      to ! s]i\s1 vital1   
univ]sal int]e/ ( ?or\ghly v9dicat+     
,man f ! scorn ( m52 ( e/abli%+ man on 8
 ?rone z      man1--free because man1   
happy because man1 noble & religi\s     

because man6 ,lit]ature & ,art w take   
c>e ( !mselves2 high      education &   
s*ol>%ip w come 9 _! own "t2 & s1       
?ank ,god1 w ev]y?+ humanity ne$s4 ,b = 
ourselves &      ! imm$iate g5]ation1   
!re is no "w s wor?y z confirm+      !  
fai? ( our p 9 _! own pr9ciples2        
enc\rag+      devotion to ,lib]ty z !   
supreme int]e/ ( ,man2--( man sacr$     
9 8 own eyes1 ) duties1 rights1 aims1 t 
are b\nd$      nei!r by color1          
nationality1 nor law4 ,! love ( ! race1 
!      lib]ation ( humanity f           
complexional1 mat]ial1 political1 &     
moral disfran*isem5ts2 ! elevation ( !  
individual & (      e individual2 !     
pro/ration ( all p>tition-walls t       
sep>ate our k9d2 ! tumbl+ ( ! artificial
 p$e/als t      elevate ! few1 into !   
unnatural pits t bury ! re/2 !          
affiliation ( ! =eign]1 & ! emancipation
 ( ! slave2      ! subjugation (        
rebelli\s matt] & reluctant weal? to !  
wants & desires ( man2 ! e/abli%m5t (   
beautiful &      indep5d5t homes1 ( high

 & free & noble lives2--?is is          
,am]ican s*ol>%ip1 ?is ,am]ican art4 ,a 
c\ntry t sacrifices      ev5 its        
nationality1 t pr\de/ ( all prejudices1 
to its      humanity1 w be ! fir/ to pay
 t tribute to man1 :i*      ,*ri/ waits 
to welcome z ! f9al triumph ( 8 k+dom4  
,&1      f9ally1 "h 9 ,am]ica1 :]e = !  
fir/ "t univ]sal      com=t & g5]al     
abundance reign1 ! race looks to u to   
pron\nce ! banns betwe5 ! spiritual &   
mat]ial int]e/s      & pursuits (       
man1--8 worldly well-be+1 & 8 heav5ly   
prosp]ity1--a union t %all n be a       
mis]able compromise (      :i* bo? %all 
be a%am$ & :i* nei!r %all keep1 b an    
honorable1 he>ty1 & intelligible        
alliance1 on ! highe/      gr\nds4  ,?is
 is v f9e & brave1 & simil> 9 tone 0 all
 he said ab\t ,am]ican life & de/9y4 ,he
 tri$ to exalt common ?+s1 & 9 ?is way  
he m ?an made am5ds = 8 lack ( s*ola/ic 
equipm5t4 ,8 mission 0 to enc\rage &    
=tify & console actual m5 & wom51 n to  
solve deep problems ( fate4 ,a good b   

commonplace man spoke to me ) te>s 9 8  
eyes ( 8 endless gratitude to ,dr4      
,bell[s because on "o ,new ,ye>'s ,day  
he prea*$ a doctr9e ( promise1 & said t 
m5 did _! be/1 & t ! _w 0 z good z c\ld 
be expect$2 n an extraord9>y doctr9e    
c]ta9ly1 b "o t is seldom ann\nc$ ) s   
mu* cordial1 human sympa?y4 ,?is same   
ardor he ?rew into 8 ord9>y lectures1   
c>ry+ audi5ces away ) a flood (         
conviction4 ,:5 our ,civil ,w> broke out
 & x became evid5t1 z x soon did1 t !   
conflict w\ld be a long "o1 necessitat+ 
l>ge armies 9 a region ( c\ntry unus$ to
 milit>y ne$s & ignorant ( milit>y      
exig5cies1 ,dr4 ,bell[s' att5tion 0     
drawn to ! que/ions involv$ 9 !         
ma9t5ance ( a va/ numb] ( m5 9 ! field1 
_! protection1 discipl9e1 & com=t2 !    
prop] supply ( food1 clo?+1 m$ic9e2 !   
be/ k9d ( t5t1 ! be/ k9d ( hospital1 !  
duty ( keep+ up ! home associations by  
means ( correspond5ce & missives4 ,he   
talk$ ov] ! situation ) a few fri5ds2   
societies 7 =m$1 organizations in/itut$1

 ! means ( relief set 9 motion4 ,out (  
?is grew ! ,sanit>y ,commission1 ( :i*  
he 0 ! m\?piece & ! inspir+ s\l4 ,! "w 0
 imm5se1 b ! task ( awak5+ ! c\ntry to !
 necessity ( endeavor 01 beyond all     
ord9>y p[] ( conception1 ardu\s4 ,su* 0 
! bl9d fai? 9 ! gov]nm5t1--a gov]nm5t   
inexp]i5c$ 9 simil> matt]s1--su* 0 !    
indiff]5ce ( multitudes :o 7 f> remov$ f
 actual dang]1 su* ! unconsci\sness ( ! 
magnitude ( ! p]il1 su* ! ins5sibility  
to ! dem&s ( ! h\r1 ! s]5e confid5ce t  
all 0 go+ well1 ! jaunty s5se (         
complac5cy 9 hav+ rais$ ! regim5ts1 t   
no?+ less ?an a trumpet call 0 requir$  
to r\se ! c\ntry to a feel+ (           
obligation4 ,aft]w>ds :5 ! magnitude ( !
 /rife 0 self-evid5t1 :5 ! dang]s (     
camp-life 7 und]/ood1 & ! temptations to
 infidelity ( _m k9ds 7 pa9fully app>5t1
 o!r =ces came 9 to c>ry =w>d ! "w2 b at
 fir/ presci5ce 0 ne$$1 & zeal1 & fai? 9
 pr9ciples1 & a s5se ( ! gravity ( !    
situation4 ,x is h>dly too mu* to say t 
b = ! en]gy %[n by ! ,sanit>y           

,commission 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! w>1 ! issue 
might h be5 indef9itely po/pon$4 ,t !   
,commission itself fl\ri%$ to ! end 0   
due 9 ! ma9 to ,h5ry ,bell[s4 ,( c\rse  
he did n d ev]y?+1 b he did 8 "p4 ,!    
labor ( organization 0 dis*>g$ by o!r   
ord]s ( g5ius4 ,! duties ( treasur]     
devolv$ ^u m5 diff]5tly con/itut$ /ill2 
!re 7 _m h&s employ$1 _m heads busy )   
plann+4 ,b 8 0 ! pot5t voice4 ,he s\nd$ 
! cl>ion2 ,ea/1 ,we/1 ,nor?1 & z f> ,s\?
 z he c\ld g1 he argu$1 remon/rat$1     
plead$1 exhort$1 int]pret$1 inspir$1 &  
:]ev] he 0 he>d he fill$ ve9s )         
patriotic fire4 ,he 0 nev] daunt$1 nev] 
di%e>t5$1 nev] depress$4 ,8 tones always
 rang out cle>1 /rong1 decisive4 ,!     
bugle nev] gave an unc]ta9 s\nd4 ,9     
,wa%+ton he address$ ! highe/ au?orities
 & 0 s urg5t1 n to say s imp]i\s1 t     
,presid5t ,l9coln ask$ him :i* ( ! two  
ran ! ma*9e ( gov]nm5t4 ,he possess$ 9 a
 s+ul> degree ! p[] ( mak+ p "w1 & "w   
gladly1--all sorts ( p1 m5 & wom51 !    
s5sible & ! en?usia/ic1 ! practical & ! 

s5tim5tal1 ! l[-ton$ & ! high-/rung2 &  
!y toil$ day aft] day at scrap+ l9t1    
pack+ g>m5ts1 rais+ money1 organiz+     
fairs4 ,9 ! meantime he travell$ to &   
fro1 lectur+1 address+ cr[ds 9 !        
meet+-h\ses1 halls1 !atres2 writ+ lett]s
 to committees1 visit+ m5 ( influ5ce1   
inspect+ hospitals & camps1 mak+ himself
 acqua9t$ ) ! newe/ me?ods ( deal+ )    
sanit>y problems1 & imp>t+ ideas z fa/ z
 !y came to him4 ,8 activity 0          
prodigi\s4 ,he 0 "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s  
figures 9 ! c\ntry4 ,he br\ght !        
,commission into univ]sal repute4 ,"u 8 
spell x lo/ its local "* & became a     
national conc]n4 ,he 0 a ,unit>ian      
prea*]2 8 imm$iate co-op]ators 7        
,unit>ians2 yet s broad & mundane 0 he t
 no savor ( sect>ianism m+l$ ) 8 zeal1  
nor c\ld x be suspect$1 except = 8 aims1
 t he 0 a cl]gyman4 ,z long z ! w> la/$ 
?is en]gy cont9u$1 ! en?usiasm did n    
abate1 ! outp\r+ did n slack54 ,x 0 n   
till ! /ruggle 0 ov] t ! ov]-task$ bra9 
crav$ repose4 ,!n ! reaction 0 purely   

n]v\s1 n 9 ! lea/ moral or intellectual4
 ,he sprang up aga9 & ?rew himself into 
new ent]prises ) ! old f]vor & ! old    
brilliancy ( spee*1 /riv+ to awak5 a    
desire = religi\s unity1 z he _h promot$
 national concord4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( !    
,national ,conf]5ce ( ,lib]al ,*ur*es1  
:i* 0 to supplem5t ! m local ,unit>ian  
,associations1 0 8 sugge/ion4 ,! s*eme  
did n entirely meet 8 expectations1 b   
?is %[s h[ l>ge 8 expectations 71 & h[  
compreh5sive 7 8 purposes ( good4 ,z has
 be5 intimat$ already1 8 desires 7 9    
advance ( 8 practical ability4 ,he 0 a  
man ( wi%es r ?an ( exp$i5ts4 ,8 plans  
(t5 fail$1 b 8 aspirations 7 always pure
 & l(ty1 & x 0 *>act]i/ic ( him to      
impute ! failure ( ! special plan to "s 
/ubbornness 9 ! mat]ials he attempt$ to 
manipulate1 r ?an to any defici5cy 9 8  
own faculty4 ,?us 8 confid5ce 9 himself 
0 su/a9$1 & he w5t on try+ exp]im5ts &  
believ+ 9 8 tal5t to set any?+1 ev5     
communities & ,/ates1 on _! feet4  ,p   
us$ to say t 8 advocacy 0 v unc]ta92 t x

 0 impossible to tell 9 advance :e!r he 
w\ld take a lib]al or a cons]vative view
 ( a p>ty or dogma2 9 %ort1 he _h !     
reputation ( be+ some:at ( a *ameleon1 (
 cat*+ 8 l9e f ! la/ p]son he talk$ )4  
,"o ( 8 p>i%ion]s rem>k$1 je/+ly1 t !   
he>]s ( ,dr4 ,bell[s 7 taught 9         
p]fection "o lesson1--t ( self-reliance4
 ,?is 0 probably true1 z x 0 a g5]al    
impression2 & x illu/rates ! w>m? ( 8   
sympa?y1 ! impressionabl5ess ( 8        
temp]am5t1 ! read9ess ( 8 adaptation1 ! 
facility ( 8 disc\rse1 z well z ! want (
 dep? 9 8 speculative intellect & 8 lack
 ( hold on fundam5tal pr9ciples4 ,he 0  
an advocate by nature1 n a !ologian1 a  
philosoph]1 or a critic2 an adept 9     
spee*1 n a subtle or pr(\nd ?9k]4 ,he   
saw ! effective po9ts 9 ei!r doctr9e1 & 
*ose ! "o t 0 mo/ captivat+ at ! "t4 ,8 
eclecticism 0 simply ease ( transf]5ce1 
n a ke5 p]ception ( ! gr\nds ( id5tity4 
,8 logic 0 ! skilful accommodation to   
circum/ances1 n absolute fidelity to !  
laws ( reason4 ,8 afflu5ce ( diction & 8

 pr(usion ( ?\ghts cov]$ up 8 ess5tial  
pov]ty ( insight1 & p]suad$ "s t he     
look$ f>!r ?an he did2 b /ill x rema9s  
true t he 0 n a sure guide 9 matt]s (   
op9ion4 ,he 0 a mo/ adroit1 subtle1     
engag+ talk]1 & z su* 0 ( incalculable  
value2 a f\nta9 ( ent]ta9m5t1 & a s\rce 
( influ5ce4 ,a decid$ ve9 ( ,bohemianism
 ran ?r\gh 8 "*4 ,he 0 light-he>t$1 gay1
 v]satile1 fond ( fun1 re/less1 addict$ 
to society1 abhorr5t ( solitude1        
d>kness1 conf9em5t2 a fri5d ( arti/s1   
musicians1 wits2 a club-man2 c\ld smoke 
a cig>1 & dr9k a glass ( w9e1 & tell a  
m]ry /ory2 a man ( quick emotions1      
volatile "s w\ld call him1 ?\gh (       
unque/ion$ & unque/ionable loyalty :5   
any pr9ciple 0 at /ake1 or any p]son he 
lov$ & tru/$ 0 9 tr\ble4 ,o!rwise he    
=got unpleasant ?+s & w5t to some?+     
else1 dropp+ ! individual1 b hold+ fa/  
to ! elem5ts ( *>ity4 ,?is faculty (    
*ang+ rapidly f "o int]e/ to ano!r sav$ 
him f a va/ deal ( fatigue1 & enabl$ him
 to pursue 8 almo/ incr$ible labors )   

less we> & te> ?an w\ld h be5 possible  
"u o!r circum/ances4 ,! =mation ( roots1
 & ! necessity ( pull+ !m up frequ5tly )
 a feel+ ( loss & pa91 is sadly weak5+ &
 disabl+4 ,?is fo/]s a disposition to   
/ay at home1 to =m few ties1 to rema9   
quietly :]e "o is plac$ by de/9y1 to    
expose "o's self to no m disruptions ?an
 are appo9t$1 to hide "o's self 9 a     
corn] ( exi/5ce1 to avoid ! w9d4 ,!     
s*ol> hugs 8 libr>y1 reads books1       
m$itates1 cultivates 8 m9d1 appe>s 9    
public only :5 he is prep>$4 ,! man (   
society da%es out & deems ! "t wa/$ t is
 pass$ 9 ! h\se4 ,dr4 ,bell[s once      
express$ 8 wond] t a fri5d %\ld h no    
desire to g abroad1 b %\ld be cont5t 9 8
 /udy4  ,he 0 a knight-errant1 a ,norman
 g5tleman1 ev] ready to succor !        
oppress$1 b satisfi$ :5 he _h unhors$ ! 
oppressor1 ?\gh ! victim lay helpless on
 ! gr\nd4 ,he d]iv$ 8 "n f ,belles      
,eaux4 ,he 0 n a democrat z imply+ "o t 
_h aff9ities ) ! p4 ,on ! contr>y1 he 0 
at bottom an ari/ocrat1 look+ d[n on !  

p2 b he 0 humane 9 idea1 hold+ x to be !
 "p ( a g5tleman to relieve ! un=tunate4
 ,! motto1 ,noblesse oblige appli$ to   
him exactly1 ) ! und]/&+ t he belong$ to
 ! ,noblesse1 & 0 privileg$ to          
patronize4 ,?is t5d5cy 0 prom95t 9 him4 
,he w\ld n all[ a companion to pay 8 c> 
f>e1 because he w\ld n borr[ s small a  
sum1 b he confront$ ! man to :om he _h  
l5t fifty doll>s1 & :o _h =gott5 !      
paym5t1 z p (t5 d4 ,meet+ ! default] 9 !
 /reet1 he rem9d$ him ( ! transaction1  
tax$ him ) infidelity to 8 engagem5ts1 &
 _h ! satisfaction ( receiv+ 8 money &  
reliev+ 8 m9d at ! same "t4 ,magnanim\s 
he 0 by nature4 ,i w give a s+le in/ance
 ( x1 out ( sev]al ,i c\ld detail if    
p]sonalities did n =bid4 ,:5 ,i fir/    
came to ,new ,york to f\nd a p>i%1 !re 0
 a woman 9 my congregation1--an angul>1 
brusque woman1 n sunny or agreeable1--^:
 husb&1 be+ un=tunate1 _h1 to repair 8  
=tune1 gone to ,san ,francisco2 %e /ay$ 
9 ,new ,york & kept s*ool1 = ! purpose (
 educat+ h] *ildr51 & ( ek+ out ! family

 exp5ses4 ,"o day1 compla9+ to me ( h]  
lot & labor1 %e spoke ( c]ta9 prejudices
 aga9/ h] z int]f]+ ) h] success1 &     
accus$ ,dr4 ,bell[s ( be+ "o ( h]       
enemies4 ,hav+ satisfi$ myself ( !      
inju/ice ( ! impression ab\t h]1 & ( h] 
wor?y des]v+1 ,i took occasion at once  
to speak to ,dr4 ,bell[s on ! subject4  
,rem9d+ him ( ! circum/ances 9 :i* !    
woman 0 plac$1 ,i ask$ him if he did n  
?9k %e ought to be help$ in/ead ( be+   
h9d]$4 ,he ackn[l$g$ t he knew h]1 t he 
did n l h]1 t he _h spok5 h>%ly ( h] "u 
! impression t %e 0 n des]v+ ( moral    
support4 ,on my pres5tation ( h] case1 &
 conviction t he 0 wrong1 he1 be+       
p]suad$ ( 8 he$lessness1 (f]$ to d      
ev]y?+ 9 8 p[] to repair any mis*ief he 
might h caus$4 ,9 my excitem5t1 ,i      
became audaci\s & sugge/$ ! draw+ up &  
sign+ ( a pap]1--ab\t ! mo/ disagreeable
 ?+ t c\ld be propos$4 ,b he ass5t$1    
prep>$ ! pap]1 affix$ 8 signature1 & f t
 h\r did 8 utmo/ to befri5d ! woman :om 
he took no pleasure 9 ?9k+ (4 ,?is 0    

noble1 ev5 great4 ,he c\ld put 8 p]sonal
 ta/es aside :5 a pr9ciple 0 involv$4   
,x us$ to be urg$ aga9/ him t he dropp$ 
p :5 he _h done ) !m1 & felt no scruple 
9 sacrific+ !m to 8 views ( policy4 ,b x
 _c be prov$ t he 0 false to anybody1 & 
8 notion ( ! absolute unfitness ( !     
individual = 8 place1 or ( ! man's      
unreliability1 0 probably ! real cause (
 8 opposition4 ,probably1 9 ea* in/ance 
( 8 )drawal ( confid5ce1 !re 7 excell5t 
reasons = 8 conduct1 ?\gh x 0 natural t 
^? :o 7 sudd5ly neglect$ or displac$    
%\ld feel indignant & aggriev$4 ,dr4    
,bell[s 0 n "o to act on a private      
prejudice or a p]sonal pique4 ,8        
affections 7 /rong & w\ld h l$ him to   
make any concession t 0 consi/5t ) :at  
he reg>d$ z 8 public duty4 ,no d\bt he 0
 some:at imp]i\s 9 judg+ :at 8 duty 02  
he lack$ ! useful faculty ( rema9+ 9 !  
backgr\nd2 he 0 impetu\s & =w>d2 b he   
nev] 0 or c\ld be ins9c]e1 & he always  
_h a suffici5t explanation ( ! c\rse he 
pursu$1--an explanation p]fectly        

satisfactory to "o :o bore 8 temp]am5t 9
 m9d & consid]$ :at he c\ld d & :at he  
c\ld n4  ,a mo/ lovable1 cordial1       
fai?ful man ,i always f\nd him1--a man  
to be dep5d$ on 9 difficult & try+      
times1 high-m9d$1 c\rage\s1 d>+1 ready  
to ent] ! brea*1 happie/ :5 lead+ a     
=lorn hope1 /raight-=w>d1 inspir+1      
easily lift$ beyond himself1 & imp>t+   
n]v\s vigor to 8 foll[]s4 ,foll[]s he   
mu/ h1 = he 0 n cont5t to obey any      
behe/2 b !n 8 lead]%ip 0 s he>ty &      
:olesome1 s free f sup]cili\sness1 s    
abundant 9 expressions ( loyalty1 t x 0 
a joy to g ) him4 ,he 0 m ?an will+ to d
 8 %>e ( h>d "w1 & to indulge 8 s]vants4
 ,if "o c\ld =be> to cross him1 he 0    
fri5dl9ess itself2 a w>m advocate (     
lib]ty1 only insi/+ t lib]ty & progress 
%\ld m>* h& 9 h&2 t private             
idiosyncrasies %\ld n /& 9 ! way (      
practical advance4 ,he 0 a v diff]5t man
 f ,dr4 ,dewey1 yet he lov$ ,dr4 ,dewey 
devot$ly :ile life la/$4 ,he 0 an       
entirely diff]5t man f me 9 temp]am5t & 

9 gifts1--q opposite 9 fact1--yet he 0  
"o ( ! be/ ( my fri5ds z long z he liv$1
 seldom res5t+ my radicalism1 nev]      
impati5t ( my sl[ness1 b w>m1 sunny1    
helpful to ! end1 ! man to :om ,i       
in/9ctively resort$ = sympa?y 9 ! mo/   
pa9ful passages ( my c>e]4  ,9 a ^w1 !  
f\ndation ( 8 "* 0 impulse4 ,he 0 a man 
( fi]y zeal1 ( moral passion1 ( va/     
en?usiasm1 & :5 a /orm ( spiritual p[]  
came sweep+ d[n f "s unse5 height1 he 0 
easily c>ri$ away4 ,?is impulsive "*    
expla9s 8 *ivalry ( disposition1 8      
magnanimity1 8 self-abnegation2 = ?\gh  
he 0 self-ass]t+1 he c\ld at once =get  
himself1 & s9k 8 own individuality      
entirely :5 "s cause he _h at he>t      
/rongly appeal$ to him4 ,?is            
impulsiv5ess expla9s1 too1 8 !ological  
inconsi/5cy1 = :5 ! popul> feel+ /ruck  
him1 he 0 c>ri$ away 9 a diff]5t        
direction f :at he _h fir/ propos$4 ,=  
in/ance1 once--,i ?9k x 0 at            
,buffalo--he gave a mo/ eloqu5t plea =  
individualism1 hav+ det]m9$ to speak 9  

favor ( in/itutions2 & 9 ,bo/on :5 he _h
 be5 expect$ to uphold a cre$1 he 0 s   
borne away by ! opposite s5tim5t t1 :5  
he end$1 a cre$ seem$ absolutely        
impossible4  ,a v diff]5t p]son f !     
=ego+ 0 ,dr4 ,samuel ,osgood1 !         
successor ( ,dr4 ,dewey 9 ! ,*ur* ( !   
,messiah on ,broadway1 & ! close        
associate ( ! pa/or ( ,all ,s\ls1 :i* "n
 he sugge/$ :5 ! new edifice on ! corn] 
( ,f\r? ,av5ue & ,tw5tie? ,/reet 0      
*ri/5$4 ,he 0 a lov] ( ecclesia/icism1 (
 =ms1 usages1 c]emonials1 ?\gh he 0 n   
unm9dful ( ! ideas t lay b5ea? !m1 & too
 good a ,new ,engl&]1 too good a        
,unit>ian1 too /aun* a fri5d ( free     
?\ght to be any?+ b a lib]al ,prote/ant2
 a man ( names & dates1 & in/itut$      
obs]vances1 n electric1 magnetic1 or a  
lead] ei!r ( ?\ght or action2 n a man ( 
deep emotions1 or mov+ eloqu5ce 9 or out
 ( ! pulpit2 n a man ( long rea* or wide
 influ5ce1 b conspicu\s 9 8 way1 unique1
 wor? /udy+ z a figure 9 8 g5]ation4    
,he 0 devot$ to books1 ( :i* he read &  

produc$ _m1 & might h be5 call$ le>n$1  
yet he 0 n a closet man1 n a recluse2 on
 ! contr>y1 he knew ab\t public affairs1
 talk$ ab\t :at 0 go+ on 9 ! _w1 att5d$ 
political1 social1 & lit]>y meet+s1 0 a 
memb] ( ! prom95t clubs1 l ! ,c5tury & !
 ,union ,league1 0 = ye>s ! ,correspond+
 ,secret>y ( ! ,hi/orical ,society1 r   
prid$ himself1 9 fact1 on ! numb] &     
intimacy ( 8 outside relations4 ,) all  
?is1 he 0 a dilig5t pa/or1 an excell5t  
d5om9ationali/1 a dep5d5ce on all *ur*  
occasions )9 8 sect1 a speak] at        
conv5tions1 a work] ( ! ecclesia/ical   
ma*9]y1 a man mu* reli$ on =            
d5om9ational "w4  ,8 writ+s 7 num]\s4 ,9
 fact he always seem$ to h ! p5 9 8 h&4 
,besides ! books :i* are kn[n1--,/udies 
9 ,*ri/ian ,biography1 ,! ,he>?/one1    
,god ) ,m51 ,mile/ones 9 ,our ,life     
,j\rney1 ,/ud5t ,life1--all popul>      
once1--he contribut$ frequ5tly to !     
,*ri/ian ,exam9]1 ! ,nor? ,am]ican      
,review1 ! ,biblio!ca ,sacra1 & o!r     
important magaz9es2 deliv]$ orations1   

pr9t$ !ological disc\rses1 especially a 
fam\s "o be=e ! !ological s*ool at      
,meadville1 ,p5nsylvania1 on ,! ,com+   
,*ur* & its ,cl]gy1 & = sev]al mon?s1   
dur+ ,mr4 ,curtis' illness1 prep>$ !    
essays 9 ! ,easy ,*air = ,h>p]'s ,mon?ly
 ,magaz9e4 ,8 int]e/ 9 matt]s (         
education & lit]ature 0 incessant1      
active1 & useful4 ,he made spee*es1 s]v$
 on committees1 prep>$ reports1 9 e way 
tri$ to s]ve ! cause ( rational k4 ,yet 
) all 8 indu/ry & all 8 ability--= he   
possess$ ability ( no mean ord]1--he _h 
a m9d s+ul>ly de/itute ( vitality4 ,8   
+5uity1 8 pleasantry1 8 s5t5ti\sness1 8 
v]satility1 c\ld n conceal ?is lack (   
organic p[]4 ,8 vivacity did n          
exhil>ate1 8 happy expressions did n    
create ! s5se ( life 9 ! m9d1 b 7 l     
artificial fl[]s t _h no p]fume1 &      
rem9d$ "o m ( ! p]fection ( art ?an ( ! 
involunt>y sweetness ( nature4 ,he 0    
de/itute ( g5ius to inspire4 ,x is ! m  
wond]ful t he c\ld p]sev]e1 z he did1   
)\t ! popul> recognition t 8 tal5ts     

m]it$1 or ! applause 8 endeavors des]v$4
 ,he _h praise1 to be sure1 b x 0 n     
he>ty or effusive1 & !y :o r5d]$ x      
probably wond]$ :y !y c\ld n put m s\l  
into _! laudation4 ,! address 0         
brilliant1 b n w>m+4 ,"o mu/ come )9    
arm's l5g? ( him to feel ! beat+ ( 8    
he>t1 to be s5sible ( 8 =ce4 ,he 0      
unable to project himself f>1 & reli$ ^u
 incid5tal advantages ( occasion =      
effects :i* he c\ld n produce by g5ius4 
,he 0 a mo/ affectionate man1 dep5d5t1  
cl++1 always ready to s]ve1 oblig+1     
docile1 pati5t1 )\t h>dness & )\t guile4
 ,he 0 devot$ to 8 family1 fai?ful to 8 
fri5ds1 nev] all[+ diff]5ces ( op9ion to
 int]f]e ) 8 duty t[>ds ^? :o might     
expect support f him1 b fulfill+        
disagreeable (fices :5 he felt t loyalty
 made p]fect tru?fulness incumb5t4 ,!re 
0 some?+ t\*+ 9 8 fidelity t[>ds m5 :o  
gave him no?+ b outside recognition1 &  
:o 7 will+ to ab&on him :5 he c\ld no   
long] be useful4 ,!re 0 some?+ pla9tive 
9 8 read9ess to "w = m5 :o accept$ 8    

labor z a matt] ( c\rse1 & all[$ him to 
?r[ away 8 love4 ,he1 = 8 "p1 ask$ no   
rew>d1 b 0 q satisfi$ if 8 s]vice 0     
accept$ k9dly by ^? to :om he r5d]$ x4  
,n t he did n l recognition2 he did1 & !
 m public x 0 ! bett] he lik$ x4 ,= he 0
 fond ( notoriety1 _h a crav+ =         
publicity1 & 0 happie/ :5 a multitude   
applaud$4 ,?is may h gr[n out ( 8       
affectionat5ess1 = he rea*$ =? 8 arms z 
widely z possible1 & want$ to he> ! s\nd
 ( _m approv+ voices1 ne$+ sympa?y & !  
assurance t he 0 conf]r+ pleasure1 !    
noise ( plaudits reassur+ 8 he>t4 ,/ill 
he c\ld d )\t ?is1 if he 0 c]ta9 ( !    
atta*m5t ( a s+le w>m fri5d4            
,recognition ( "s sort 0 ess5tial to 8  
peace1 = he did n possess indep5d5ce    
en\gh to /& alone1 & he c>$ too mu* =   
individuals to be easy if !y 7          
displeas$4 ,he gave himself a great deal
 ( pa91 worri$1 took inf9ite tr\ble ab\t
 imag9>y sorr[s1 n be+ able to feel or  
to affect indiff]5ce1 & be+ de/itute ( !
 robu/ness ( "* necess>y to ?r[ (f      

unpleasant ?+s2 = 8 ambition1 n spr++ f 
vitality ( m9d1 0 no gu>d aga9/ griefs (
 ! _s4 ,he t _c lose himself 9 8 /udies 
fails to d]ive f !m _! be/              
satisfaction1--t ( consolation & refuge4
 ,he /&s nak$ to ! w9d1 &1 if 8 sk9 is  
t5d]1 suff]s acutely4  ,dr4 ,osgood 0   
int5sely self-consci\s1 self-reg>d+1    
self-ref]r+4 ,n va9 9 ! ord9>y s5se1    
?\gh he seem$ s f 8 c\nt5ance1 attitude1
 mann]1 = all ( :i*1 ,i am p]suad$1     
nature 0 m responsible ?an disposition1 
8 physical =mation produc+ a c]ta9      
c>riage t sugge/$ sup]cili\sness &      
conceit4 ,if he 7 =?-putt+1 x 01 9 mo/  
in/ances at lea/1 because he lack$      
self-reliance1 & wi%$ to be se51 kn[+ t 
he c\ld n be felt4 ,9 reality he 0 a    
mode/1 timid1 %r9k+ man1 ) an inord9ate 
desire = di/9ction1 :i* impell$ him     
cont9ually to make a demon/ration 9     
public4 ,m]e vanity--! love (           
appe>ances--he 0 de/itute (1 = he 0 too 
t5d]-he>t$ & too consci5ti\s to make    
victims4 ,"o mu/ be self-c5tr$ to be    

va91 z he 0 n4 ,i recollect 8 com+ "o   
day into ! (fice ( ! ,*ri/ian ,inquir]1 
) 8 head up z usual1 & call+ out 9 a l\d
 voice3 ,:]e d y ?9k ,i w5t on my way   
d[n t[n8 ,( c\rse none ( u knew or c\ld 
guess4 ,well1 he w5t on to say1 ) an air
 ( complac5cy1 ,i /opp$ at ,f[l]        
,wells' & _h my head exam9$4 ,ah6       
exclaim$ "o ( ! impud5t1 did !y f9d     
any?+1 ,sam8 ,:at !y did n f9d1 he said1
 w int]e/ y m4 ,!y decl>$ t ,i 0        
defici5t 9 self-respect1 & x is true4 ,&
 x 0 true4 ,samuel ,osgood assum$ a     
brave air1 = ! reason t he c\ld n tru/  
himself 9 ! op5 field4 ,he ne$$ !       
protection ( a ramp>t4 ,he wore a %[y   
uni=m1 because he 0 n valiant4 ,he _h   
too mu* self-e/eem to =get himself1 &   
too little c\rage to ass]t himself2 !   
consequ5ce 0 t he said & did num]\s ?+s 
t look$ va+lori\s & 7 absurd1 b :i* 7   
int5d$ to conceal 8 impuissance4 ,x 0 an
 innoc5t k9d ( bravado1 l poor ,oliv]   
,pr\dfute's1 9 ,scott's romance1 ,!     
,fair ,maid ( ,p]?4 ,nobody 0 hurt by x1

 ?\gh to him ! passion = notoriety 0    
fatal4 ,he lik$ to see 8 "n 9 a         
newspap]1 covet+ ! k9d ( reputation t   
came 9 t way1 & com=t+ 8 he>t ) ! ?\ght 
( ly+ on ! broad bosom ( ! community4 ,8
 re/less desire = public notice br\ght  
ridicule on him1 = ord9>y p ascrib$ x to
 8 conceit1 :]eas x r indicat$ an abs5ce
 ( self-confid5ce4 ,x 0 a cloak to hide 
8 depreciation at ! same "t t x made him
 look l>g] 9 ! g5]al eye4 ,x 01 !re=e1 m
 t\*+ ?an despicable1 & if x excit$ mir?
 !re 0 no?+ bitt] 9 ! smile :i* c\ld n  
break into laught]4 ,selfi% he c\ld n be
 call$1 = he 0 always s]v+ o!rs1 &      
dis9t]e/$ly too2 b on a *>ge (          
complac5cy he c\ld h>dly be acquitt$4   
,?is 0 ! mann] 9 :i* he took 8 rew>d1 &1
 z ,i said1 x co/ no?+ to anybody1 :ile 
! public receiv$ a great deal ( s]vice v
 ungrudg+ly be/[$4  ,! *ange f          
,unit>ianism to ,episcopacy is v easily 
expla9$4 ,8 crav+ = sympa?y 0 b\ndless4 
,he 0 necess>ily isolat$ 9 ,new ,york1  
nor _h he ! solace ( a great popul>     

success4 ,9 fact 8 foll[+ 0 small2 8    
*ur* 0 dw9dl+2 8 reputation 0 c]ta9ly n 
increas+2 & he became p]suad$1 ,i ?9k   
)\t suffici5t reason1 t he 0 ! victim ( 
adv]se influ5ces4 ,9 ,london1 he 0 *>m$ 
) ! bl5d$ fre$om & sanctity ( ! ,broad  
,*ur* repres5t$ by ,/anley1 ,k+sley1    
,j[ett1 & a ho/ ( cultivat$ m52 by its  
unity amid div]sity2 its sympa?y &      
fell[%ip & l>ge s*ol>%ip4 ,"h 0 a *ur*  
inde$2 wide1 holy1 lib]al1 dev\t1 )     
articles admitt+ ( v>i\s int]pretations1
 sacram5ts t5d] & ela/ic1 =ms t did n   
con/ra91 & usages t did n b9d1 an       
unlimit$ range ( speculation1 & a _s (  
rev]5ce t kept ! mo/ widely sep>at$     
toge!r4 ,"h 0 some?+ v diff]5t f !      
sect>ianism he _h1 all 8 life1 be5      
accu/om$ to1 &1 all 8 life1 _h loa!d4   
,he jo9$ ?is ,communion n s mu* on      
acc\nt ( its cre$ z ( its cre$lessness2 
n z ano!r =m ( d5om9ationalism1 b z an  
escape f d5om9ationalism2 a real1 liv+1 
compreh5sive *ur*1 :]e !re 0 room = all 
,*ri/ian s\ls1 :atev] _! special mode ( 

belief2 a ,prote/ant *ur* ) a truly     
ca?olic temp]1 cordial1 humane1 c\rte\s2
 ) a respect = lit]ature1 & a love = k2 
) no jeal\sy or ill-w1 or fe> ( ?\ght4  
,8 he>t 0 w>m$1 8 fancy fir$4 ,%ortly   
aft] 8 return1 z he sat 9 my /udy1 ,i   
ask$ him if he _h mat]ially *ang$ 8     
!ology4 ,he repli$ t he _h n1 he _h     
simply alt]$ ! emphasis2 z mu* z to say 
t 9 sub/ance x rema9$ :at x 0 be=e1     
ess5tially ,unit>ian1 z he und]/ood t   
designation4 ,9 fact1 8 s]mons 7 to all 
int5ts & purposes ! same2 !y nev] ab\nd$
 9 doctr9e1 !y did n n[2 !y 7 always    
s5tim5tal1 9 ! s5se ( deal+ ) s5tim5t1  
!y 7 s /ill4 ,he 0 n a prime favorite ) 
,episcopalians 9 ,am]ica4 ,he 0 n n>r[  
or /rict en\gh = ! or?odox2 he 0 n      
s5sational en\gh = ! lib]als2 he 0 too  
ecclesia/ical = ! ,l[ ,*ur*m52 too      
rationali/ic = ! ,high ,*ur*m52 & 8     
failure to communicate w>m? 0 n         
favorable to 8 attractiv5ess4 ,!re 7 n  
_m ,broad ,*ur* m9i/]s 9 ,new ,york1 s t
 8 circle ( fell[%ip 0 small2 & on !    

:ole ! reception 0 a disappo9tm5t4 ,he  
long$ = recognition1 :i* he f\nd among  
_m ( 8 old associates1 z he did n f9d x 
among 8 new fri5ds4 ,he 0 always a      
*ur*man :5 he 0 a ,unit>ian2 he 0 no m (
 a *ur*man n[1 & ! sympa?y he s\ght he  
might h f\nd 9 8 =m] connection4        
,probably _h he liv$ else:]e ?an 9 ,new 
,york1 :]e ! competition 0 %>p1 & :]e   
individuality alone )\t di/+ui%$ p[]    
c\nt$ = no?+1 he w\ld h cont9u$         
,unit>ian1 & be5 happy1 b he 0 ambiti\s 
( em95ce2 he want$ to live 9 a great    
city1 to be m9i/] ( a metropolitan p>i%1
 to be a ,doctor ( ,div9ity1 & = all ?is
 he lack$ ! =ce4 ,!re 0 a p]petual      
conflict betwe5 8 aspirations & 8 vigor4
 ,he jo9$ ! ,episcopal frat]nity1 hop+ =
 :at none b ^? born into x atta9 )\t    
en]gy ( an exalt$ k9d4 ,8 anci5t        
comrades fell away1 z 0 natural2 he c\ld
 n w9 o!r comrades1 & 8 lat] ye>s became
 lonely4 ,he c>$ m = ,*ri/ian fell[%ip  
?an = any o!r2 & he _h n ! p[] to secure
 ?is4 ,?us 8 affectionat5ess 0 aga9/    

him4 ,he 0 a loyal man1 true to 8       
convictions1 fai?ful to ! b5t ( 8 m9d4  
,he c\ld n be a deceiv] or a r5egade1 & 
8 he>t 0 n /rong en\gh or wide en\gh to 
pu% him =w>d4  ,"s ?\ght him defici5t 9 
common-s5se1 & ?is is1 9 a s5se1 true4  
,he _h n ! =ce to c>ry projects ?r\gh1  
nor _h he ! he>ty accord ) ! p ( 8      
g5]ation t w\ld give him an in/9ctive   
insight into _! wi%es & enable him to   
/rike into ! curr5t ( _! designs4 ,8    
self-ref]5ce always /ood 9 ! way ( 8    
sympa?y ) o!r m52 yet he (t5 took       
practical views ( speculative que/ions1 
& curb$ a prop5sity to moral en?usiasm  
on ! "p ( "s ( 8 associates4 ,?is1      
h[ev]1 0 due to 8 timidity1 to 8 abs5ce 
( vigor1 to 8 want ( vital conviction1 r
 ?an to any cle>ness ( p]ception4 ,he _h
 no humor1 no s5se ( ! incongru\s1 !    
incompatible1 or ! absurd4 ,he nam$     
rocks1 groves1 arbors1 on 8 summ] e/ate1
 aft] ! fam\s poets1 & us$ to sit 9 turn
 on ! seats he _h ?us immortaliz$4 ,he  
said ?+s t no man ( ta/e w\ld h utt]$1 &

 did ?+s t no man ( judgm5t w\ld h be5  
guilty (4 ,b all ?is 0 ow+ to ! abs5ce (
 s5sible qualities r ?an to ! pres5ce ( 
vision>y ones4 ,he 0 n p]v]se1 /ubborn1 
or wrong-head$1 did n outrage common    
op9ion1 or fly 9 ! face ( e/abli%$      
prejudice4 ,8 want ( good s5se 0        
negative1 n positive2 innoc5t1 n h>mful4
  ,su* m5 h _! uses & _! place1 & nei!r 
is small or l[4 ,8 love ( le>n+1 8      
devotion to duty1 8 fri5dl9ess1 8       
fidelity1 8 k9dl9ess1 7 r>e gifts1      
p>ticul>ly r>e 9 communities l ours4 ,8 
*ild-l conceit1 v diff]5t f ! aggressive
 vanity t (f5ds ! s5sitive s\l1 0 n     
(f5sive or noxi\s1 & 0 a s\rce ( h>mless
 amusem5t4 ,8 guilelessness 0 m ?an     
t\*+2 x 0 admirable z an example & z a  
lesson1 9 an age t honors k ( ! _w      
beyond its des]ts2 & 8 simplicity (     
nature1 8 tru/+ness1 8 +5u\sness1 r5d]$ 
him a confid+ fri5d1 de> to ^? ^: he>ts 
7 sore4 ,few m5 liv+ h s small a numb] (
 enemies4 ,he did n provoke ! ho/ility  
he receiv$4 ,x 0 possible to be sorry = 

him2 x 0 impossible to be> him malice4  
,z ,i ?9k ( him1 ! vision arises ( a    
complac5t man1 ) a l\d greet+1 a        
metallic voice1 an out/ret*$ h&1 a      
consequ5tial mann]4 ,all ?is is du/ &   
a%es1 b 8 s+l5ess ( int5tion is n dead4 
,:5 ev]y?+ else is =gott51 8 fai?fulness
 w be rememb]$4  ,bo? ^! m5 gave me a   
w>m welcome2 9 fact1 my relations 7 mo/ 
fri5dly among ! o!r ,unit>ian m9i/]s 9 !
 neighborhood4 ,x 0 anticipat$1 no d\bt1
 t ,i w\ld e/abli% a ?ird ,unit>ian     
,society up t[n1 ( a lib]al type2 b a   
wide dep>ture f ! exi/+ ord] 0 n        
suspect$4 ,! expectation 0 t ! usual    
doctr9es 7 to be proclaim$2 t !         
sacram5ts 7 to be adm9i/]$2 t ! regul>  
ord] 0 to be obs]v$4 ,p]haps my         
will+ness to und]take su* an ent]prise 0
 reg>d$ z a sign ( concession on my "p2 
p]haps x 0 suppos$ t ! cons]vative tone 
( ! city1 toge!r ) ! attitude ( ! o!r   
*ur*es1 w\ld repress ! radical t5d5cies 
( ! "y cl]gyman2 p]haps ! trials incid5t
 to a new society & ! confusions ( ! "t 

conceal$ some:at ! real be>+ ( !        
und]tak+4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 !re 0 no   
opposition1 no criticism1 no dictation1 
no proscription ( radical lean+s4 ,my   
congregations 7 compos$ ( all sorts ( p4
 ,!re 7 ,unit>ians1 ,univ]sali/s1       
come-out]s1 spirituali/s1 unbeliev]s (  
all k9ds1 anti-slav]y p1 re=m]s g5]ally4
 ,b ?is1 z be+ incid5tal to ! =mation ( 
e lib]al society1 0 n object$ to4 ,x ne$
 n h be52 = if !re _h be5 no            
int]ruption1 no *eck1 ev]y?+ might h    
gone smoo?ly1 z 9 simil> societies s9ce4
     ,,viii4 ,,w>4   ,h>dly _h ,i got   
w>m 9 my place :5 ! mutt]+s ( w> 7 9 !  
air4 ,dur+ ! autumn ( #ahei1 on ! #af? (
 ,octob]1 ,john ,br[n plann$ 8 attack on
 ,h>p]'s ,f]ry4 ,8 0 a port5t\s figure4 
,8 position 9 hi/ory--great] ?an 8      
a*ievem5ts w\ld w>rant--0 due p>tly to 8
 position z h]ald ( ! com+ /rife1 b     
ma9ly to 8 p]sonal qualities4 ,^! 7     
colossal2 h[ev] mu* "o may criticise 8  
p>ticul> de$s1 or ! details ( 8 motive1 
^! qualities c n be exalt$ too highly4  

,8 c\rage1 h]oism1 pati5ce1 =titude1 7  
mo/ extraord9>y4 ,ev5 ,gov]nor ,wise1 ! 
man ^: duty x 0 to see him tri$ &       
execut$ z a felon1 said ( him2 ,!y are  
mi/ak5 :o take ,br[n to be a madman4 ,he
 is a bundle ( ! be/ n]ves ,i ev] saw2  
cut & ?ru/ & ble$+ & 9 bonds4 ,he is a  
man ( cle> head1 ( c\rage1 =titude1 &   
simple +5u\sness4 ,he is cool1 collect$1
 indomitable2 & x is b j to him to say t
 he 0 humane to 8 prison]s1 & he inspir$
 me ) great tru/ 9 8 integrity z a man (
 tru?4 ,colonel ,wa%+ton1 ano!r ,virg9ia
 witness1 te/ifi$ to ! extraord9>y      
coolness ) :i* ,br[n felt ! pulse ( 8   
dy+ son1 :ile he held 8 own rifle 9 !   
o!r h&1 & *e]$ on 8 m54 ,8 "* made 8    
prison cell a %r9e4 ,on ! day ( 8       
execution1 ,decemb] #b1 #ahei1 he /ood  
"u ! gall[s ) ! noose r\nd 8 neck = full
 t5 m9utes :ile milit>y evolutions 7    
p]=m$2 he nev] wav]$ a mom5t1 & di$ )   
n]ves /ill subject to 8 iron w4 ,he 0 a 
,calv9i/ic believ] 9 pr$e/9ation2 a real
 ,cov5ant]1 m l ! ,scot* ,cov5ant]s (   

two c5turies ago ?an any?+ we "k (      
to-day4 ,he 0 an ,old-,te/am5t man1 & l 
all fanatics 0 indiff]5t to dea?1 ei!r t
 ( o!r m5 or 8 own4 ,8 anti-slav]y zeal 
began 9 8 y\?4 ,he e>ly took an oa? to  
make w> aga9/ slav]y1 &1 x is said1     
call$ 8 old] sons toge!r on "o occasion 
& made !m pl$ge !mselves1 kneel+ 9      
pray]1 to ! anti-slav]y crusade4 ,?is   
purpose he always bore 9 m9d1 :atev]    
else he 0 do+2 he ev5 *ose ! spot = 8   
attempt--! m\nta9s :i* ,wa%+ton _h      
select$ z a f9al retreat %\ld he be     
defeat$ by ! ,engli%4 ,ne>ly n9e ye>s   
be=e 8 own dea?1 he exhort$ ! memb]s ( !
 ,league ( ,gileadites to /& by "o ano!r
 & by _! fri5ds z long z a drop ( blood 
rema9$ & be hang$1 if !y mu/1 b to tell 
no tales out ( s*ool4  ,!n came ! w>4   
,?\gh its physical aspect1--! loss (    
treasure & ( blood--0 mo/ affect+1 ,i _c
 b ?9k t its m5tal & moral aspect has   
be5 und]rat$4 ,its :ole ju/ification lay
 9 its moral "*1 & ,i mu/ believe t full
 ju/ice has nev] be5 done to ^? :o 7    

oblig$ to /ay at home & uphold ?is      
feature4 ,! prea*] ( ! ,gospel ( ,peace 
_h z mu* z he c\ld d to ov]come !       
horrors ( w>2 & ! prea*] ( ,righte\sness
 0 engag$ all ! "t 9 promot+ ! cause (  
ju/ice4 ,!y :o w5t to ! front _h !      
excitem5t ( battle1 ! pleasures (       
camp-life1 ! assi/ance ( comrade%ip1 !  
com=t ( sympa?y4 ,! prea*] _h none ( ^!4
 ,e day rumors 7 rea*+ 8 e>s2 extras 7  
fly+ ab\t 9 ! sil5ce2 he _h to com=t p  
"u defeat1 to humble !m 9 h\rs (        
victory2 to int]pret ! conflict 9       
accordance ) ! pr9ciples ( equity2 to   
keep alive ! moral issues ( ! /ruggle4  
,?is 0 an incessant we>9ess & anxiety2  
to fight foes "o c\ld n see1 & to uphold
 a cause t 0 discr$it$1 fell to 8       
portion2 x is no wond] t :5 ! w> 0 ov]  
he 0 sp5t & ag$4  ,an illu/ration ( a "p
 ( :at he _h to cont5d ) is f\nd 9 !    
riot ( ! summ] ( #ahfc4 ,?is 0 an       
anti-abolitioni/ riot1 a fi]ce prote/   
aga9/ ! conscription1 & at ! same "t an 
upris+ aga9/ ! gov]nm5t1 :i* 0 suppos$  

to ma9ta9 a w> ( ! blacks aga9/ ! :ites4
 ,! riot 0 direct$ aga9/ ! negroes & !  
abolitioni/s1 & 0 pitiless & f]oci\s 9 !
 extreme4 ,x 0 my lot to be 9 ,new ,york
 9 t dreadful week 9 ,july4 ,i 0 visit+ 
fri5ds 9 ! upp] "p ( ! t[n :5 ! upro>   
began4 ,z ,i walk$ home d[n ,madison    
,av5ue a gr\p ( r\gh m5 met me2 "o ( !m 
snat*$ at my wat* *a91 & ,i %\ld h be5  
maltreat$ _h n m attractive game 9 !    
%ape ( p 9 a buggy drawn away ! att5tion
 ( my assailants4 ,i rea*$ my home 9    
safety4 ,! next morn+1 z ,i walk$ ab\t !
 city1 !re 7 gr\ps ( m5 /&+ idle1 or    
arm$ ) missiles1 9 almo/ e /reet4 ,_h ! 
mob be5 organiz$ !n x might h done m    
mis*ief ?an x did1 = ! inhabitants ( !  
city 7 unprep>$ & unprotect$4 ,z ,i /ood
 at night on my ro(1 ,i c\ld see ! fires
 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! t[n1 & he> ! %ots4  
,an ars5al /ood on ,sev5? ,av5ue1 ne> my
 h\se1 full ( arms & ammunition :i* !   
insurg5ts want$4 ,:5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates    
troops arriv$1 !y def5d$ ?is ars5al4    
,cannons 7 po9t$ up & d[n ! /reet1 gu>ds

 7 po/$1 (fic]s ) _! clank+ swords m>*$ 
up & d[n be=e my door4 ,! riot la/$ ?ree
 days1--f ! #ac? to ! #af?4 ,on ! foll[+
 ,sunday a s]mon 0 prea*$ :i* gives     
expression to ! bett] ?\ghts ( ! wise/  
p1 & f :i* accord+ly extracts are made3 
,( all ! dreadful & melan*oly passages 9
 ! hi/ory ( human      progress1 none1  
to a ?\ghtful man1 are m dreadful or    
melan*oly ?an ^? :i* tell h[ m5 h       
resi/$1 pu%$      away1 revil$1 curs$1  
beat51 mobb$1 crucifi$ _! b5efactors4   
,x does seem1 z we read !m1 z if ! mo/  
dread$ ?+ on      e>? _h be5 ! p]sonal1 
! dome/ic1 ! social welf>e2 z      if ! 
deepe/ anxiety on ! "p ( m5 ( all sorts 
0 an      anxiety to escape f _! heal? &
 salvation2 z if !      pr(\nde/ dread 0
 a dread ( m5d+ _! e/ates1 & _!         
utmo/ horror 0 a horror ( heav56 ,x does
 seem1 z we read1 z      if happ9ess1   
prosp]ity1 success1 7 ! pet av]sion (   
mank9d2 z if ! signs t 7 look$ = ) ! mo/
      agoniz$ appreh5sion 7 ! signs t ! 
k+dom ( heav5 0      at h&4444 ,we saw  

?is conspicu\sly & dismally exemplifi$ 9
      ! ev5ts ( ! pa/ week4 ,! "o man   
:o1 be=e & above all      o!rs1 0 a m>k 
= ! rage ( ! populace1 ! "o man ^:      
"n 0 l\d 9 ! rabble's m\?1 & always     
c\pl$ ) a      mal$iction1 ! "o man :o 0
 hunt$ = 8 blood z by wolves1      :o   
w\ld h be5 torn 9 pieces _h !           
opportunity be5      af=d$1 & on ^:     
acc\nt ! dwell+ ( a fri5d 0             
lit]ally torn 9 pieces1 0 a man :o _h   
be5 ! /eadfa/      fri5d ( ^! v p :o    
hung]$ = 8 blood2 _! mo/      con/ant1  
uncompromis+1 & public fri5d2 ?9k+ = !m1
      speak+ = !m1 writ+ = !m2 plead+ _!
 cause ?r\gh      ! press1 9 !          
legislature1 f ! plat=m2 excus+ _!      
mi/akes & follies1 ass]t+ & reass]t+ _! 
sub/antial      wor? & hone/y &         
rectitude1 advocat+ _! claims z work+   
p1 v9dicat+ _! rights z m52 propos+     
s*emes = !      safety ( _! p]sons1 !   
heal?fulness ( _! h\ses1 !      sav+ &  
increase ( _! e>n+s1 ! education ( _!   
*ildr51 ! exemption ( _! home/eads f    

seizure 9 cases      ( debt1 ! enl>gem5t
 ( _! sph]e ( labor1 ! transf]r+      ( 
_! families f ! cr[d$ city1 :]e !y c\ld 
d little      m ?an keep !mselves alive 
by ardu\s toil1 to ! fruitful      l&s (
 ! ,we/1 :]e !y c\ld become noble &     
self-respect+ m5 & wom54 ,?is 0 ! man ^:
 blood 0      hung]$ =4 ,i ne$ n speak 8
 "n1--y "k :om ,i mean1      ,horace    
,greeley1--a man :om "s call vision>y1 b
 ^: visions      are all ( ! r$emption (
 ! p2 :om "s call fool1 b      :o1 if he
 seem a fool1 is fooli% t ! p may be    
wise2      :om "s call radical1 b ^:    
radicalism is simply a      det]m9ation 
t ! popul> exi/5ce %all h a s\nd1 sure1 
& deep root 9 natural law & moral       
pr9ciple2 at all ev5ts1 a      man :o   
has liv$ = ! p & suff]$ = ! p1 &        
be5 laugh$ at :5 he suff]$ & because he 
suff]$4 ,?is      0 ! man ^: blood 0    
hung]$ =4 ,& yet ! mo/      mod]ate1    
k9d1 consid]ate ( all ! pap]s1 ! la/    
week1 0      8 pap]4 ,& ,i believe he1  
ev5 _h he fall5 into ! h&s (      8     

enemies1 w\ld h said1 ,=give !m1 !y "k n
 :at      !y d4       ,indulge me 9 "o m
 p]sonality4 ,i said t ! dwell+ ( a     
fri5d 0 pillag$ by ! mob1 "u !          
impression t ,mr4      ,greeley liv$    
!re4 ,:at 0 ?is dwell+8 ,:o 0 ?is fri5d8
      ,! dwell+ 0 "o ! l ( :i* is r>e 9 
any city1 a      dwell+ ( happ9ess &    
peace1 a home ( ! t5d]e/ dome/ic        
affections1 a h\se ( l>ge fri5dl9ess &  
hospitality1 a refuge      & abid+-place
 = ! un=tunate & ! outca/4 ,!re 0 no    
display ( weal? !re--!re 0 no weal? to  
display2 yet !      h\se 0 full ( ?+s   
:i* no weal? c\ld buy4 ,x 0 cr[d$      )
 mem5tos4 ,! pieces ( furniture 9 !     
rooms _h family      hi/ories connect$ )
 !m2 *airs & tables 7 preci\s f         
association ) noble & r>e p :o _h gone4 
,pictures on      ! walls1 bu/s 9 !     
p>lor1 engrav+s1 photographs1 books1    
spoke ( ! gratitude or love ( "s de>    
giv]4 ,"o room 0      sacr$ to ! memory 
( a noble boy1 an only son1 :o _h di$ "s
      ye>s be=e4 ,!re 0 8 bu/ 9 m>ble1  

!re 7 8 books1      !re 7 ! pr9ts he    
lik$1 ! little bits ( art he 0 fond     
(1 & all ! de> ?+s t seem$ to br+ him   
back4 ,!      :ole h\se 0 a %r9e & a    
sanctu>y4       ,& :o 7 ! inmates8 ,!   
ma/]1 a man ^: sympa?ies 7      always &
 completely ) ! work+-p1 a man ( /eady &
      b\ndless humanity2 ! mi/ress1 a   
woman ^: "n is famili> to      all do]s 
( good de$s 9 ! city ( ,new ,york1 & de>
 to      hundr$s ( ! objects ( good     
de$s4 ,to ! orphan & fri5dless      &   
poor1 a "m2 to ! un=tunate1 a si/]2 to !
 wret*$1      ! deprav$1 ! s9ful1 m ?an 
a fri5d4 ,9 ! city prison      h]       
pres5ce 0 ! pres5ce ( an angel ( pity+  
love2 at      ,blackwell's ,isl& %e 0   
welcome z a _s ( peace & hope4      ,!  
boys at ,r&all's ,isl& look$ into h]    
face z ! face ( an      angel4 ,aga9 &  
aga9 _h %e rescu$ f ! life ( %ame !     
c\ntrywoman1 & possibly ! k9dr$ ( ^! v p
 :o      plund]$ h] h\se4 ,= ! bett] "p 
( a ye> & m %e has      be5 9 camp &    
city hospitals1 nurs+ _! bro!rs & sons1 

p]=m+ e m5ial (fice4 ,at ?is mom5t %e is
 at ,po9t      ,look\t1 do+ t "w1 amid  
discom=ts & disc\ragem5ts t      w\ld   
daunt a less resolute humanity ?an h]s1 
giv+ all %e has      & is to ! p1 to !  
w\nd$1 crippl$1 ble$+1 &      brok5 p2  
giv+ x = ! sake ( ! p--giv+ x t      ! p
 may be rais$ to a high] social level6  
,& %e1      =soo?1 mu/ be select$ to h  
h] h\se pillag$6 ,%e mu/ be      /abb$  
to h] he>t ( he>ts1 /abb$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh1
 9      e "o ( h] affections1 by ^! p = 
:om h] life _h      be5 a p]petual      
process ( dy+6 ,:y1 if !y _h b kn[n ?is 
t ,i h be5 tell+ y1 or b a t5? "p ( x1  
^? m5      w\ld h def5d$ ) _! bodies e  
?read ( c>pet %e      trod on4 ,b s x 01
 & s x mu/ be6 ,only ! be/ names are    
ev] tak5 9 va9 on human lips1 & !y are s
 tak5 because      !y are ! be/1 & be/  
is wor/ to ^? :o _c und]/&      x4      
,!odore ,w9?rop 0 %ot by a negro4 ,did  
he "k :at he      did8444 ,9 ?9k+ ( x   
"o's bosom is torn ) di/ract+           
emotions1 & betwe5 feel+ = ! p]secut$ & 

feel+ =      ! p]secutors1 "o almo/     
loses ! p[] ( feel+4 ,c\ld      any?+ be
 m pitiful8 ,yes1 "o ?+ m pitiful !re   
0--! savage hunt+ d[n & p]secution ( !  
negroes1 z if      !y1 too1 7 ! enemies 
( ^! work+-p4 ,! poor1      in(f5sive   
negroes1 mo/ innoc5t "p ( ! :ole        
population6      ,mo/ quiet1 h>mless1   
docile p1 :o c\ld n /& 9 ! way      ( ! 
:ite p if !y w\ld1 & :o nev] ?\ght (    
any?+ b ( keep+ out ( _! way6 ,^! !     
enemies (      :ite labor6 ,z if !y _h  
n1 = ^! v :ite p1 borne      ! burd5 &  
heat ( ! tropical day1 rais+ ! cotton by
      :i* we are clo!d1 & ! rice by :i* 
we are f$6 ,z if to      ^! & ! l ( ^!1 
! :ite p did n owe a l>ge      %>e ( !  
manufactur+ t[ns :]e !y get _! bread6 ,z
 if      ! l[e/ f\ndation /ones ( ?is v 
,new ,york ( ours 7 n      cem5t$ by _! 
bloody sweat6 ,z if !re 7 too _m ( !m   
9 ! c\ntry n[ = ! c\ntry's ne$s1 suppos+
 ! c\ntry      ev] to fall into a settl$
 & civiliz$ condition aga96 ,z if       
all !re are might n by & by be requir$  

to d ! "w      :i* :ite labor c n = a   
long "t1 if x c ev]1 safely             
und]take6 ,/range complications ( ?+s6  
,/range cross-purposes      ( human     
nature6 ,! ,s\!rn p w\ld revive ! slave 
trade1      because !y h n black labor]s
 en\gh1 & _! allies among      ourselves
 w\ld bani% or kill all ! black p1      
because !y      int]f]e ) :ite labor6 ,a
 mutual /abb+ at ea* o!r's      he>ts6  
,& on ea* side a /abb+ to its own       
he>t6444 ,x is a      v my/]i\s ?+ 9    
hi/ory1 ?is alliance betwe5 ! mo/       
turbul5t & ! mo/ tyrannical1 ! mo/      
deprav$ & ! mo/      despotic portions (
 society4 ,! mo/ undiscipl9$1 b>b>\s1   
savage memb]s ( a community are ev] 9 a 
league ) ! mo/      ov]be>+1 insol5t1   
imp]i\s1 & dom9e]+ memb]s ( x4      ,!y 
:o are "u ! lea/ self-control b[ mo/    
def]5tially      be=e ^? :o rule o!rs ) 
! mo/ cruel rod4 ,! p      :o 7 pr\de/ (
 hav+ turn$ out to a man1 9 ,london1 = !
      ma9t5ance ( law & ord]1 on ! day (
 ! great ,*>ti/      demon/ration !re1 7

 ! mo/ immoral class 9 !                
city--prov$ by ! crim9al returns to be  
n9e times z di%one/1      five times z  
drunk51 & n9e times z savage z ! re/ ( !
      community4 7,see ,sp5c]'s ,social 
,/atics1 p4 #dbd47       ,9 ,bo/on1 on !
 occasion ( ! r5dition ( ,an?ony ,burns1
 all      ! ?ieves1 burgl>s1 cut-?roats1
 sw>m$ f _! d5s &      volunte]$ )      
alacrity to en=ce ! fugitive-slave law4 
,&      n[ ! lead]s ( ! ,s\!rn          
,conf$]acy c\nt1 & c\nt      securely1  
on ! ,nor!rn populace4 ,! fi]ce/ allies 
( ! only      absolutely despotic class 
9 ! c\ntry are ! outlaws (      society4
 ,! m5 :o are fight+ = ! privileges ( ! 
extreme/ tyranny1 ! privileges n ( rul+ 
m]ely1 b      lit]ally ( own+ ! labor+  
class1 ^! m5 h !      implicit1         
unque/ion+1 fanatical loyalty ( ! p :o  
are at      ! opposite end ( ! social   
scale--! p :o own no?+      ei!r (      
=tune1 position1 influ5ce1 or "*1 & ^:  
sole relation t[>ds ! despots !y wor%ip 
is t ( mad1      savage slaves4       ,9

 ,europe ?is alliance betwe5 ! despotic 
& ! lawless may      be =tunate = !     
peace ( ! community4 ,9 our ,s\!rn      
,/ates      x is em95tly conducive to ! 
tranquillity !y desire4 ,b :5      !    
lawless are "h & ! despotic are !re1 :5 
! b>b>ism      is 9 ,new ,york & !      
tyranny 9 ,ri*mond1 :5 ! elem5ts (      
discord & turbul5ce 9 our ,nor!rn cities
 fly to support _!      iron-h&$ rul]s 9
 ! sec$$ ,/ates1 !re ensues a /ate (    
?+s1 especially 9 "t ( w>1 t is         
calculat$ to %ake      society to its   
f\ndations1 & fill e loyal he>t ) dread4
      ,! unruly1 z if !y felt           
in/9ctively _! lack (      self-control1
 seek a rul]--fly to ! /ronge/ to save  
!m f      !mselves1 wor%ip ! /]ne/1 !   
mo/ high-h&$1 !      cruelle/1 & by t   
natural sympa?y ) brutality are         
ma9ta9$ 9 subjection to law4            
,heav5 spe$ ! "t :5 ^! he$less1         
reckless1 lic5ti\s      *ildr5 (        
humanity may feel s5sible ( ! weight (  
p[]      )\t its brutality1 may rev]5ce 

au?ority :5 x is nei!r      bea/ly nor  
cruel1 may yield ob$i5ce to ,ord]1 ^:   
symbol is      n ! sword1 & to ,law1 ^: 
badge is n ! bayonet4 ,b till      t "t 
comes1 we1 ) ?\ghtful m9ds & sad he>ts &
 sob]      consci5ces1 & s\ls full z we 
c make !m ( human *>ity      & good-w1  
mu/ hold 9 our h&s ^? t]rible symbols1 &
      9 ! ,*ri/ian _s d ! rul]'s "p4  ,!
 insurrection did n la/ long4 ,z soon z 
! ,unit$ ,/ates troops appe>$ ! tr\ble 0
 ov] & ord] 0 re/or$4 ,!re 0 fight+2 !re
 0 pillage2 b h[ _m lives 7 lo/ & h[ mu*
 prop]ty 0 de/roy$ 0 nev] exactly kn[n4 
,on ! :ole1 ! riot /r5g!n$ ! h&s ( !    
gov]nm5t1 increas$ pity = ! victims (   
outrage1 & excit$ sympa?y = ! negroes & 
! abolitioni/s4 ,! prie/s1 z ,i well    
rememb]1 help$ 9 ! "w ( pacification4   
,on ! second day ( ! upris+1 z ,i 0     
visit+ a fri5d 9 8 /udio on ,fif?       
,av5ue1 ! mob came along1 %\t+1 yell+1  
br&i%+ clubs1 on _! way to ! ar*bi%op's 
palace1 to he> an address by him4 ,!    
prelate appe>$ on ! balcony dress$ 9    

full canonicals1 9 ord] to impress ! p1 
& deliv]$ a mo/ +5i\s & p]suasive       
address4 ,beg9n+ ,m5 ( ,new ,york1 he   
flatt]$ _! self-e/eem1 paid a tribute to
 _! s5se ( p[] & exalt$ influ5ce1 &     
advis$ !m aga9/ cruelty & an>*y4 ,!     
effect ( ?is spee* 0 surpris+ 9 soo?+ & 
quiet+ ! cr[d4 ,!y _h come !re 9 a mood 
( tumult--!y sep>at$ peacefully & w5t to
 _! own homes1 satisfi$4 ,f t h\r ! s\l 
( ! riot 0 brok54  ,! incid5ts ( ! w> _c
 be detail$ "h4 ,! /ory has be5 told too
 (t51 & is altoge!r too long = my space4
 ,& aft] all ! moral issues ( ! w> 7 !  
mo/ int]e/+ ?\gh n ! mo/ pa!tic4 ,!     
s5tim5t ( union1 ! e/abli%m5t ( !       
national supremacy1 ! au?ority ( ! reign
 ( law1 ! emancipation ( a degrad$ race1
 ! new inspiration imp>t$ to a great p1 
& ! adv5t ( a univ]sal republicanism 7  
mo/ significant4 ,x is q likely t !     
mod]n upris+ ( labor & ! urg5t claims ( 
wom5 = recognition & civil p[] 7 aid$1  
if n sugge/$1 by ?is ov]:elm+ triumph ( 
ord] & enlight5m5t4 ,x is m ?an likely t

 ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z a p[]  
among ! nations ( ! e>?1 0 due ma9ly to 
! victory t 0 a*iev$ by ! p[]s ( lib]ty4
     ,,ix4 ,,! ,,free ,,religi\s        
,,association4   ,! happy end+ ( ! w>   
/imulat$1 z has be5 said1 ! s5tim5t (   
,unity4 ,! success ( ! gov]nm5t 9 putt+ 
d[n ! rebellion fill$ ! air ) ! _s (    
union4 ,! re/oration ( political h>mony 
sugge/$ a deep] h>mony1 :5 divisions    
%\ld cease4 ,at ?is mom5t1 9 ,april1    
#ahfe1 ! indefatigable ,dr4 ,bell[s1 :o 
_h be5 ! s\l ( ! ,sanit>y ,commission1  
summon$ all ,*ri/ian believ]s ( ! lib]al
 p]suasions to a conv5tion 9 8 *ur* = a 
m complete organization4 ,! invitation 0
 mo/ g5]\sly int]pret$1 & 0 hail$ by "s 
:o c\ld be call$ ,*ri/ians only "u ! mo/
 ela/ic def9ition ( ! t]m4 ,a prom95t   
layman ( ! ,unit>ian body br\ght an     
elaborate cre$ :i* he wi%$ ! conv5tion  
to adopt2 & a di/+ui%$ m9i/] ( ! ,we/ 0 
( ! op9ion t ! "w ( p]fect organization 
c\ld be/ be done by ! adoption ( /r+5t  
articles ( fai?4 ,b ! m9imum ( belief 0 

impos$4 ,! preamble ( ! con/itution1 !  
"w ( reconcil+ m9ds1 reads ?us3 ,:]eas !
 great opportunities & dem&s = ,*ri/ian 
labor & consecration1 at ?is "t1        
increase our s5se ( ! obligations ( all 
disciples ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ to prove 
_! fai? by self-d5ial & by ! devotion ( 
_! lives & possessions to ! s]vice (    
,god1 & ! build+ up ( ! k+dom ( 8 son1  
,!re=e4 ,!n foll[ ! articles4 ,x 0 ?is  
phrase1 ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 t provok$     
discussion4 ,! /ruggle 0 r5ew$ at       
,syracuse on ,octob] #h? ( ! next ye>1  
#ahff1 & an attempt 0 made to expla9    
away ! =ce ( ! decl>ation by ann\nc+ t  
:ile ! preamble & articles ( !          
con/itution repres5t$ ! op9ions ( !     
majority1 yet !y 7 n to be consid]$ an  
au?oritative te/ ( ,unit>ianism1 or to  
exclude f fell[%ip any :o ?\gh diff]+ 9 
belief are 9 g5]al sympa?y ) our purpose
 & practical aims4 ,b ?is 0 n consid]$  
by ! radicals z satisfactory4 ,= 9 !    
fir/ place ! title ( ,"l seem$ to conta9
 by implication a doctr9e :i* c\ld n be 

subscrib$ to1 z ! ,lord%ip ( ,jesus 0   
suppos$ to be sup]natural4 ,"h seem$ to 
be a fundam5tal diff]5ce betwe5 ^? :o   
held to ! old _w's idea ( a spiritual   
k+dom1 & ^? :o proclaim$ ! new _w's idea
 ( a spiritual democracy4 ,9 fact1 "o ( 
! lead]s--,dr4 ,bell[s--pla9ly said if  
!re 0 to be any *ange x mu/ be made 9 ! 
o!r direction2 we are to consid] n only 
! few on ! "o side1 :o may or may n c>e 
to unite ) u1 b ! great body ( ,*ri/ians
 ( all d5om9ations1 ! ,univ]sal ,*ur* ( 
,*ri/2 ,i dem& lib]ality to !m1 !       
lib]ality :i* ackn[l$ges _! ,"l &       
,lead]1 & welcomes !m to a h\sehold ^:  
he>? gl[s ) fai? 9 & loyalty to !       
p]sonal ,savi\r4 ,x 0 pla9ly decl>$ by  
him t ,unit>ians assum$ ! "n ( lib]al   
,*ri/ians1 because !y all[$ lib]ality ( 
inquiry & op9ion )9 ! pale ( ,*ri/ian   
disciple%ip4 ,?is ( itself 0 en\gh to   
create a palpable division1 b x 0 felt  
besides t fre$om ( int]pretation did n  
imply fre$om ( rejection4 ,! phrase     
,lord%ip ( ,jesus1 al?\gh z little ( a  

cre$ z c\ld be devis$1 0 ho/ile to      
fre$om1 besides n be+ altoge!r true1 z  
,jesus nev] claim$ to be infallible4 ,! 
radicals1 "u ! lead ( ,francis ,e4      
,abbot1 attempt$ to introduce a         
sub/itute = ! orig9al preamble1         
inculcat+ unity ( _s & ( "w z ! basis ( 
! ,national ,conf]5ce ( ,unit>ian &     
,indep5d5t ,*ur*es4 ,?is sub/itute 0 n  
c>ri$1 & a f9al brea* betwe5 !          
,indep5d5ts & ! ,unit>ians 0 ?us        
e/abli%$4 ,?is 0 inevitable tw5ty-five  
ye>s ago2 x c\ld n happ5 to-day1 :5 bo? 
w+s are unit$ 9 "o body4  ,= my "p ,i   
did n g to ,syracuse1 hav+ =ese5 :at    
ev5tually occurr$1 namely1 ! int5d$     
solidification ( ! ,unit>ian body by !  
/r5g!n+ ( ! bonds ( organization4 ,my   
own p]sonal exp]i5ce1 :i* o!r radicals  
knew no?+ (1 l$ me to ?is conclusion4   
,my *ur* edifice on #dj? ,/reet 0 begun 
9 ! spr+ ( #ahfc4 ,! two m9i/]s 9 ,new  
,york 7 pres5t at ! in=mal s]vice ( lay+
 ! corn]-/one4 ,! walls 7 go+ up dur+ ! 
summ]2 on ! week ( ! riot ! mob call$ ! 

workm5 (f1 ?reat5+ to de/roy :at 0 built
 if ! masons did n leave4 ,! build+ 0   
f9i%$ 9 ! w9t]1 & d$icat$ on ,*ri/mas   
,day4 ,to ! w>m p]sonal invitation :i* 0
 s5t to all ! ,unit>ian cl]gy 9 ,new    
,york & ,brooklyn--!re 7 b ?ree !n--no  
response 0 return$2 & :5 my fa!r & ,i   
w5t to ! *ur* !re 7 no m9i/]s on !      
plat=m4 ,we w5t ?r\gh ! s]vice1 my fa!r 
(f]+ ! pray] & ,i prea*+ ! s]mon4 ,no   
rem>k 0 made at ! "t beyond an          
expression ( surprise at ! non-appe>ance
 ( ! bre?r54 ,! next day my fa!r1 :o _h 
come f ,bo/on on purpose to att5d !     
d$ication1 & ^: bl9dness 0 approa*+ fa/1
 w5t to make a fri5dly visit on ,dr4    
,bell[s4 ,on 8 return1 :5 ask$ if any   
reason 0 assign$ = ! failure to         
p>ticipate 9 ! proce$+s ( ! day be=e1 he
 said t ! duties ( ,*ri/mas 7 alleg$ z !
 cause4 ,i 0 sure !re 0 ano!r           
explanation beh9d2 & z soon z ,i _h put 
my fa!r 9 ! tra9 = home wrote to ,dr4   
,bell[s1 tax+ him among ! re/ )         
disc\rtesy4 ,x 0 evid5t t su* a *>ge 0  

anticipat$ & prep>$ =2 t ! m9i/]s _h met
 & _h agre$ on a c\rse to be pursu$ 9 my
 case4 ,= at once !re came a reply to my
 note1 accus+ me ( /udi\sly neglect+ all
 ! usual obs]vances ( ! d5om9ation4 ,my 
invitation _h n be5 (ficial2 !re 0 no   
*ur*2 !re _h nev] be5 any sacram5t2 !   
allegiance to fundam5tal doctr9es ( !   
sect _h be5 slack4 ,all ?is 0 true1 & no
 attempt at exculpation 0 made1 b x 0   
felt t a brea* exi/$4 ,! excitem5ts ( ! 
w> ov]%ad[$ ev]y?+ else at ?is p]iod1 & 
no?+ m 0 said4 ,my ,society 0 duly      
repres5t$ at ! fir/ conf]5ce2 b z soon z
 our side 0 argu$1--z x 0 by ,d4 ,a4    
,wasson1--x 0 pla9 t ! _s ( organization
 prevail$ & 0 aga9/ u4 ,a division 0    
inevitable4 ,! ,indep5d5ts mu/ =m a     
sep>ate p>ty4  ,?is virtual exclusion   
occasion$ ! =mation ( ! ,free ,religi\s 
,association4 ,a meet+ 0 held on ! #e? (
 ,febru>y1 #ahfg1 at ,dr4 ,c4 ,a4       
,b>tol's1 9 ,bo/on1 to consid] a plan = 
creat+ a new association on ! basis (   
free ?\ght4 ,v /rong words 7 spok5 on t 

occasion4 ,"o man1 ,i recollect1 spoke (
 all *ur*es1 all m9i/]s1 & all religion 
z be+ outgr[n4 ,b ! majority 7 ( !      
op9ion t religion 0 an et]nal necessity1
 & ! adm9i/ration ( x an absolute dem&4 
,dr4 ,b>tol himself 0 always a w>m fri5d
 ( ! ,association1 appe>+ on ! plat=m1  
speak+ always hopefully1 "o ( ! mo/     
welcome ( its support]s4 ,! ,association
 0 =m$ 9 ! spr+ ( t same ye>4 ,9 ! plan 
( organization x 0 di/9ctly ann\nc$ t ! 
aim ( ! ,association 0 to promote !     
int]e/ ( pure religion1 to enc\rage !   
sci5tific /udy ( !ology1 & to increase  
fell[%ip 9 ! _s2 & to ?is end all p]sons
 int]e/$ 9 ^! objects are cordially     
invit$ to its memb]%ip4 ,?us ! object ( 
! ,association 0 exce$+ly broad4 ,x     
propos$ to remove all divid+ l9es & to  
unite all religi\s m5 9 bonds ( pure    
spirituality1 ea* "o be+ responsible = 8
 own op9ion alone1 & 9 no degree affect$
 9 8 relations ) o!r associations4 ,if !
 movem5t _h be5 9 ! h&s ( or?odox &     
well-reput$ p1 x w\ld h seem$ n only    

l>ge b noble & b5efic5t4 ,be+1 z x 01 9 
! h&s ( a few radical cl]gym5 & laym51 x
 0 suppos$ to be infidel 9 its "*2 & 0  
misrepres5t$ & abus$ accord+ly4  ,at    
fir/1 ! diss5sions ( ! sects 7 rebuk$4  
,aft]w>ds1 ! scope ( ! idea 0 ext5d$2   
all ! religions ( ! _w be+ put on an    
equality ( orig9 & purpose4 ,! spiritual
 nature ( man 0 assum$2 ! univ]sality ( 
religi\s feel+2 ! inh]5t t5d5cy to      
wor%ip1 aspiration1 pray]1 be+ tak5 =   
grant$ z an elem5t 9 ! be/ m9ds2 all    
*ur*es & confessions ( fai? be+ look$ ^u
 z a*ievem5ts ( ! s\l2 ,jesus be+ class$
 among ! lead]s ( humanity2 ! ,bible be+
 accept$ z a record ( spiritual & moral 
tru?2 & ! *ur* be+ reg>d$ z an          
organization to diffuse belief4 ,!      
f\ndation1 !re=e1 0 a pure ,!ism1 & !   
ef=t contemplat$ ! elevation ( all      
mank9d to ! dignity ( *ildr5 ( !        
,highe/4 ,t ?is aim 0 always borne 9 m9d
 is n pret5d$4 ,! negative side 0 made  
too conspicu\s4 ,n[ & !n !re 0 a lur* 9 
! direction ( d5ial4 ,!re 0 too mu*     

criticism1 & x 0 n always j4 ,!re 0 too 
mu* speculation1 & x 0 n always wise4 ,!
 plan ( lett+ ea* sect tell its own /ory
 0 a little confus+ at ! />t4 ,/ill1 on 
! :ole1 ! object 0 pretty fai?fully kept
 9 view4 ,lucretia ,mott sugge/$ t ! ^w 
religion %\ld be sub/itut$ = ! ^w       
!ology1 b ! ^w religion 0 too vague to  
af=d gr\nd = discussion1 & x 0 felt t ! 
phrase sci5tific suffici5tly expla9$1   
?r\gh ! sub/itution ( ! sci5tific = !   
!ological me?od1 ! purpose ( !          
association4 ,moreov]1 ! purpose 0 to   
remove !ological diff]5ces1 ! only      
diff]5ces t exi/$4  ,!re 7 names (      
di/+ui%$ m5 & wom5 on our li/ ( (fic]s1 
memb]s1 speak]s1 & fri5ds--,ralph ,waldo
 ,em]son1 ,amos ,bronson ,alcott1 ,g]rit
 ,smi?1 ,george ,william ,curtis1 ,edw>d
 ,l4 ,y\mans1 ,na?aniel ,holmes1        
,william ,lloyd ,g>rison1 ,w5dell       
,phillips1 ,r[l& ,g4 ,haz>d1 ,lucretia  
,mott1 ,lydia ,m>ia ,*ild1 ,ednah ,d4   
,*5ey4 ,?omas ,w4 ,higg9son 0 "o ( our  
mo/ effective speak]s2 ,john ,weiss read

 on our plat=m 8 mo/ brilliant pap] on  
,sci5ce & ,religion2 ,david ,atwood     
,wasson l5t u ! light ( 8 c\nt5ance4    
,our greate/ want 0 ! want ( a lead]1--a
 man n only ( compet5t le>n+ & spiritual
 en?usiasm1 b ( natural impulse & vigor2
 a man ( ! p1 a man ( rugg$ spee*1 a man
 ( vivacity & humor4 ,if ,!odore ,p>k]  
_h be5 alive he might h tak5 ?is        
position1 & di/+ui%$ himself z a lead] 9
 ?is movem5t2 z x 01 !re 0 no "o :o c\ld
 take 8 place1 & ! ent]prise flagg$     
accord+ly1 lack+ ! popul> zeal :i* w\ld 
give x curr5cy4 ,! speculative "* ( !   
association 0 always aga9/ x & r5d]$ x  
some:at dry2 b ?is "u ! circum/ances 0  
inevitable1 because we 7 =c$ to deal )  
te*nicalities ( cr$5ce1 & _h n p[] en\gh
 to get beyond !m into ! univ]salities (
 fai?4  ,!re 0 an expectation 9 _m      
qu>t]s t ! association w\ld devote      
itself to b5efic5t projects2 & ?is 0    
natural1 because x seem$ z if ^? :o gave
 up ! bond ( belief mu/ adopt ! bond (  
"w4 ,mr4 ,em]son seems to h _h a simil> 

desire4 ,i wi%1 he said1 t ! v>i\s      
b5efic5t in/itutions :i* are spr++ up l 
joyful plants ( :olesom5ess all ov] ?is 
c\ntry1 %\ld all be rememb]$ z )9 !     
sph]e ( ?is committee1--almo/ all ( !m  
are repres5t$ "h1--& t )9 ?is little b& 
t has ga!r$ "h to-day %\ld gr[ fri5d%ip4
 ,b 9 ! fir/ place1 ours 0 n a          
philan?ropic in/itution2 its aim 0      
religi\s entirely1 z x attempt$ to      
sub/itute ! univ]sality ( religion = !  
"o fai? ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,! *ief work]s 9   
sev]al =ms ( *>ity pres5t$ _! s*emes =  
our consid]ation1 & at "o "t x look$ z  
if we mu/ be borne away into "s         
philan?ropic ent]prise4 ,! curr5t1      
h[ev]1 :i* c>ri$ u t[>ds religi\s unity 
0 too /rong4  ,& !n1 at t "t !re 0      
little sci5tific philan?ropy4 ,! ^w     
*>ity 0 m or less associat$ ) patronage 
& pity1 ! v ?+s t we want$ to avoid2 !y 
:o 7 b5t on wip+ out di/9ctions c\ld n  
c\nt5ance ^!1 & x 0 saf] n to let our   
he>ts get ! bett] ( our reason4 ,b ev5  
if !re _h be5 a sci5tific treatm5t (    

humane que/ions1 we 7 afraid ( ! dang] (
 becom+ too mu* absorb$ 9 ?is k9d ( "w1 
& s ( los+ sight ( our *ief end4  ,at   
pres5t ! idea ( our ,association is     
pretty well dome/icat$ 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,x 0
 n1 aft] all1 entirely new4 ,9 #ahde &  
#ahdf ,fr$]ick ,d5ison ,maurice1 lectur+
 on ! ,boyle ,f\ndation 9 ,london on ,! 
,religions ( ! ,_w & _! ,relations to   
,*ri/ianity1 attempt$ to d ju/ice to !  
anci5t fai?s ( ,india1 ,p]sia1 ,egypt1  
,greece1 & ,rome4 ,9 #ahhb1 9 ,ed9burgh1
 em95t m5 discuss$ ! same problems "u ! 
title ( ,! ,fai?s ( ! ,_w4 ,9 #ahga     
,james ,freeman ,cl>ke publi%$ 8 ,t5    
,great ,religions4 ,! /udy ( comp>ative 
religion has be5 go+ on = _m ye>s4 ,:5  
,mozoomd> came to ?is c\ntry a few ye>s 
ago1 !re 0 su* a ru% = him among        
,am]ican or?odox ,*ri/ians t ! ,free    
,religi\s ,association c\ld n get at him
 at all1 ?\gh x _h tri$ 9 va9 to get a  
real ,brahm9 on its plat=m4 ,true1 !re 7
 diff]5ces ( op9ion among ! or?odox     
/ud5ts ( ! old-_w sy/ems4 ,"s reg>d$ !  

anci5t religions z effete2 "s d5i$ t    
,*ri/ianity t\*$ !m at m ?an "o or two  
po9ts2 "s treat$ !m simply z prep>ations
 = ! cr[n+ fai? ( ,*ri/4 ,/ill1 :atev]  
_! diff]5ces1 all agre$ t ! religi\s    
in/9ct 0 univ]sal2 t !re 0 a gr\nd =    
revelation 9 ! human he>t2 s9ce         
,c>lyle's fam\s lecture 9 ,h]oes1       
deliv]$ 9 #ahdj1 x 0 impossible to reg>d
 ,mahomet z an impo/or1 or to look ^u   
religion z a fabrication ( ! prie/s1 z  
an attempt to practise ^u human         
ignorance & fe>4  ,among ! ,unit>ians   
our conception is famili>4 ,at !        
conv5tion t 0 held 9 ,philadelphia1 9   
,octob]1 #ahhi1 bo? p>ties1 ! mo/       
cons]vative & ! mo/ radical1 sat side by
 side4 ,a manag] ( ! ,free ,religi\s    
,association deliv]$ "o ( ! addresses1 &
 said3 ,i nev] believ$ "o ti! z mu* z ,i
 believe to-night4 ,nev] did ,i h su*   
fai? 9 ,god2 nev] did ,i s believe 9    
man2 nev] did ,i see su* a glori\s      
outlook = ! ,*ur*2 nev] did ,i hold su* 
a glad !ory ( human hope = ! future4 ,! 

secret>y ( ! ,am]ican ,unit>ian         
,association 0 full ( joy4 ,! secret>y (
 ! ,we/]n ,unit>ian ,conf]5ce quot$ !   
op9ion ( ! ,we/]n *ur*es1 assembl$ at   
,*icago 9 ,may1 #ahhg1 & decl>$ our     
fell[%ip to be condition$ on no doctr9al
 te/s1 & welcomes all :o wi% to jo9 u to
 help e/abli% tru? & righte\sness & love
 9 ! _w4 ,a prom95t lead] ( ,unit>ianism
 9 ,ill9ois utt]$ himself ?us3 ,:atev]  
its traditions1 :atev] its pres5t       
positions1 or its prospects1 ?is        
spiritual commonweal? is                
extra-,unit>ian1 extra-,am]ican1        
extra-,*ri/ian2 x is human1 & on t      
acc\nt x is univ]sal1 & x is div9e4     
,ano!r speak] at ?is conv5tion decl>$ t 
! h& t %all hold ?is ma/] key is ,*ri/1 
z ! mod]n m9d conceives him1--,*ri/     
heal+ ! sick1 rais+ ! dead1 cleans+ !   
lep]1 ca/+ out devils f society &       
bus9ess1 f politics & religion2 ,*ri/1 !
 fri5d ( ,laz>us & ( ,m>y ,magdal52     
,*ri/ rob$ 9 absolute ju/ice & also 9   
transc5dant love1 & embrac+ ! :ole _w4  

,x is n claim$ t ?is extraord9>y *ange 9
 ecclesia/ical fell[%ip & sympa?y is due
 to ! ,free ,religi\s ,association4 ,t 0
 "o ( ! signs ( ! times1 & is an effect 
r ?an a cause2 b x is a sign ( ! gr&]   
unity4 ,:5 ! portrait ( ,!odore ,p>k] is
 hang+ on ! walls ( ,*ann+ ,hall2 :5 a  
cordial welcome is ext5d$ to all seek]s 
= ! light2 :5 ! ,ea/ & ,we/ are ready to
 embrace 9 a fell[%ip ( aspiration2 :5 !
 "y m5 are all alight ) fre% hope & fre%
 endeavor1 we may ) confid5ce anticipate
 ! "t :5 !re %all be b "o fold1 & ! aim 
( ! ,free ,religi\s ,association be met4
  ,! emancipation f d5om9ational        
trammels 0 ( great s]vice to ! "y m9i/]4
 ,x is true t he 0 /ill 9 a *ur* :i*    
kept him )9 ecclesia/ical associations2 
b ^! fett]s 7 n heavy1 & !y 7 soon to be
 ?r[n (f4 ,= 9 ! spr+ ( #ahfi1 ! *ur* 0 
sold to ano!r congregation4 ,?is 0 done 
p>tly because ! ac\/ic prop]ties ( !    
build+ 7 n favorable1 & p>tly because ! 
place 0 n suit$ to ! g5ius ( ! new      
society4 ,!re 0 no room 9 ! inn1 0 !    

subject ( ! la/ s]mon prea*$ 9 t build+4
 ,lyric ,hall1 to :i* we remov$1 is     
situat$ on ,six? ,av5ue1 betwe5 #dj? &  
#da/ /reets4 ,x is a l>ge room fifty by 
"o hundr$ feet4 ,dur+ ! week x 0 us$ z a
 danc+ hall1 b on ,sundays x 0 arrang$ =
 a religi\s s]vice4 ,a small organ 0    
plac$ !re1 a plat=m 0 built1 & seats 7  
br\ght up f ! cell> bel[4 ,! fir/ s]mon 
prea*$ !re 0 on ,secul> ,religion1 & x  
indicat$ ! :ole "* ( ! s]vices4 ,! mo/  
rem>kable ?+1 z reg>ds myself1 t happ5$ 
9 ,lyric ,hall1 0 ! adoption ( ! habit (
 speak+ )\t notes4 ,! light f ! av5ue 0 
too f> (f = read+1 & ! speak] 0 !re=e   
oblig$ to disp5se ) a manuscript        
altoge!r4 ,a !me 0 fir/ *os5 t admitt$ (
 subdivisions1 s t z fa/ z ! speak]     
exhau/$ "o he c\ld fall back on ano!r4  
,! habit soon became s famili> t no     
difficulty 0 exp]i5c$ 9 h&l+ ! mo/      
complicat$ subject4 ,"h we rema9$ until 
! spr+ ( #ahge1 :5 we remov$ to ,masonic
 ,temple1 on ,six? ,av5ue & #bc;d       
,/reet4  ,?is build+1 :i* 0 v l>ge &    

h&some1 _h j be5 erect$ by ! ,masons1 :o
 design$ x = _! own accommodation4 ,!   
/ructure hav+ co/1 h[ev]1 m ?an 0       
anticipat$1 ! own]s 7 oblig$1           
reluctantly1 to let ! l>ge hall1 :i* !y 
did = lit]>y & religi\s purposes only4  
,we 7 ! fir/ to occupy x4 ,! hall 0     
spaci\s & /ately1 ) fix$ seats = ab\t a 
?\s& p4 ,a f9e organ /ood at "o end ( ! 
plat=m2 at ! o!r end !re 0 a l>ge       
reception room4 ,! fir/ s]mon !re 0 on  
,reasonable ,religion4 ,! audi5ce 0 nev]
 l>ge--nev] m ?an eight or n9e hundr$1  
usually six or sev5 hundr$4 ,! =m (     
s]vice mu* resembl$ ! =m common 9       
,unit>ian *ur*es1 ) ! exception t ,mr4  
,conway's ,sacr$ ,an?ology 0 sub/itut$ =
 ! ,bible1 & ! o!r ex]cises 7 m univ]sal
 9 _! "*4 ,x _h long ceas$ to be a      
,unit>ian congregation4 ,!re 7 p (      
,ca?olic tra9+1 _m ( ,prote/ant tra9+1  
"s ( no religi\s tra9+ :atev]1          
mat]iali/s1 a!i/s1 secul>i/s1           
positivi/s--always ?9k+ p1 ) _! m9ds    
upp]mo/4 ,x 0 a *ur* ( ! un*ur*$4       

,george ,ripley1 ! j\rnali/1 0 always   
!re2 ,e4 ,c4 ,/$man1 ! man ( lett]s2    
,calv]t ,vaux1 ! ar*itect2 ,san=d ,r4   
,gif=d1 ! pa9t]2 ,h5ry ,pet]s ,gray1 !  
arti/1 0 !re until he di$2 ,c4 ,p4      
,cran*1 ! poet1 0 a memb] ( ! ,society z
 long z he 0 9 ! city4 ,9 ! ,lyric-,hall
 days1 ,judge ,geo4 ,c4 ,b>rett _h a    
seat 9 ! audi5ce4 ,! secul> "* 0 always 
prom95t4 ,:5 we _h a *ur* on #dj?       
,/reet1 ! l>ge basem5t 0 us$ = music1   
dramatic p]=mances1 read+s1 fe/ivities1 
social ga!r+s4 ,9 ,lyric ,hall1 ^! 7    
cont9u$ z f> z !y c\ld be4  ,!          
,frat]nity ,club 0 organiz$ 9 #ahfi by a
 devot$ memb] ( ! ,society = !          
ent]ta9m5t & improvem5t ( its memb]s2 & 
drew toge!r v brilliant m9ds bo? )9 &   
)\t ! imm$iate fell[%ip4 ,! meet+s 7    
held once 9 two weeks1 :5 an essay 0    
read1 a debate c>ri$ on1 & a pap]       
pres5t$2 all ! p]=m]s be+ nom9at$ 9     
advance by ! ,presid5t4 ,! "w 0 ma9ly   
done by a few "y m51 :o h s9ce become   
em95t 9 v>i\s fields--z tea*]s1 lawy]s1 

lit]>y critics1 publi%]s1--& by witty   
wom5 n a few4 ,!re 7 ab\t sev5ty memb]s1
 ea* "o /&+ = "s peculi> accompli%m5t4  
,! subjects ( ! essays 7 su* z ^!1      
illu/rat+ ! bread? ( ! intellectual     
int]e/3 ,on ,ta/e2 on ,expressions2 on  
,! ,com+ ,man2 on ,wordswor?2 on ,!     
,tree ( ,life2 on ,sp5c]'s ,britom>t z !
 ,type ( ,woman2 on ,light & ,laught]2  
on ,successful ,p2 on ,culture2 on ,!   
,cultivation ( ! ,masses4 ,! subjects = 
debate 7 equally v>i$3 ,ought ! sexes to
 be educat$ ap>t82 ,does a h\se burn up 
or burn d[n82 ,is ! highe/ musical      
culture compatible ) ! highe/           
intellectual developm5t82 ,is !re a     
di/9ctly ,am]ican lit]ature z contra/$ )
 t ( ,engl&82 ,%\ld matrimonial union be
 contract$ e>ly or late82 ,ought we to  
cultivate mo/ ^? faculties 9 :i* we     
naturally excel1 or ^? 9 :i* we are     
naturally defici5t82 ,does increase (   
culture involve decrease ( amusem5t82   
,is ! exi/5ce ( a ',mute +lori\s        
,milton' possible82 ,w giv+ ! fran*ise  

to wom5 ex]t a b5eficial influ5ce on    
society82 ,_h y r be m /upid ?an y seem1
 or seem m /upid ?an y are8  ,! pap]s1 (
 :i* !re are "s n9e volumes exi/+1 7    
receptacles = ! fancy1 imag9ation1      
s5tim5t1 & humor ( ! editors or _!      
co-editors2 !re 7 v]ses1 /ories1        
criticisms1 jokes1 illu/rations1 9 !m2  
ea* _h its "n3 ,! ,bubble1 ,! ,v5ture1  
,bric-a-,brac1 ,/uff1 ,! ,rag-,bag4 ,!  
club ceas$ soon aft] ! ,society disb&$1 
9 #ahhj4  ,! root idea ( ! ,society1    
ap>t f its indep5d5ce1 0 ! m+l+ ( !     
spiritual & ! natural2 ! dome/ication ( 
fai?4 ,) a view ( mak+ ! idea m prevail+
 & complete1 a *ildr5's s]vice 9 !      
aft]noon 0 sub/itut$ = ! regul>         
,sunday-s*ool4 ,a book 0 prep>$1 ,!     
,*ild's ,book ( ,religion1 by ! pa/or1 =
 ?is express purpose4 ,!re 7 responsive 
read+s1 recitations 9 unison1 songs1 &  
an address1 simple & anecdotical1 by !  
m9i/]4  ,! ,society 0 nev] fa%ionable1  
or ev5 popul>4 ,at "o p]iod--t ( !      
,ri*>dson-,mc,farland matt]--!re 0 a va/

 deal ( misrepres5tation1 criticism1 &  
abuse1 b all ?is _h no effect on !      
con/itu5cy ( ! p>i%4 ,!re 0 ! same      
loyalty1 ! same int]e/1 ! same          
det]m9ation to su/a9 a ?or\ghly lib]al  
m9i/ry1 by :i* e =m ( conviction 0 made 
conducive to a purely spiritual fai?4   
,x 0 nev] pret5d$ t ! ,society 0 any?+ m
 ?an a beg9n+4 ,a small & feeble beg9n+1
 b ( some?+ t 0 to gr[ & spread2 !      
beg9n+ ( a fai? t is z rational z x is  
wide4 ,its influ5ce 0 m diffusive ?an   
concrete z an in/itut$ ?+4 ,x is ! pride
 & consolation ( ^? :o began x t !y     
remov$ "s ( ! b>ri]s t divid$ ! great   
bro!rhood ( believ+ m54  ,my m9i/ry 9   
,new ,york end$ 9 ! spr+ ( #ahgi4 ,its  
close 0 due entirely to my ill-heal?4 ,a
 ye> be=e ! doctors _h w>n$ me n to     
cont9ue long] ?an 0 necess>y my rate (  
spe$4 ,!y urg$ me to g sl[]1 to take 9  
sail1 & to )draw z f> z ,i c\ld f all   
public demon/rations4 ,measures 7 tak5  
aga9/ e em]g5cy1 & ,i sail$ away 9 !    
,fr5* /eam]1 ) ! hope t 9 six mon?s ,i  

might rega9 my n]v\s p[]1 & return4 ,!re
 0 fir/ ! exhil>at+ sea voyage2 !n !    
beautiful city hall ( ,r\51 ! *ur*es &  
fam\s build+s1 ! squ>e :]e ,joan ( ,arc 
suff]$2 !n came ,p>is ) its en*antm5ts2 
aft] t ,basel %[$ its great ,holbe9s1 & 
its lovely prom5ade ov]look+ ! riv]2 ?is
 l$ to ! celebrat$ ba?s at ,ragatz 9    
,switz]l&1 ! placid wat]s ( ,pfeff]s'1 !
 gorge1 ! hotel g>d5s1 & ! lovely walks2
 aft] ?is came ! pass ( ! ,splueg51 !   
,via ,mala1 ! hotel at ! summit ( ! pass
 among ! sn[s1 ! pa/ures1 ! wild goats2 
!n came ,lake ,como 9 ,italy1 ,bellagio1
 ! *>m+ ,villa ,s]beloni1 look+ d[n ^u !
 two lakes1 ,como & ,lecco1 ! v9ey>ds   
rip5+ 9 ! sun1 ! t]races1 look+ across  
^u ! m\nta9s2 !n ,milan op5$ its great  
ca!dral1 ! gall]y ( ! ,br]a1 ! anci5t   
*ur* ( ,sa9t ,ambrose4 ,aft]w>ds came   
,flor5ce & its heav5ly environs1 its    
pictures & /atues & public build+s1 its 
groves & /ately drives & lovely villas2 
,flor5ce 0 foll[$ by ,si5a1 & !re ,i saw
 ! great ca!dral1 walk$ on ! esplanade1 

enjoy$ ! public squ>e1 ! palaces1 !     
pictures ( ,sodoma4 ,f !re ,i w5t to    
,rome1 9 ,decemb]4  ,x 0 all 9 va92 ,i  
became satisfi$ t ! compla9t 0 n ( a    
tempor>y nature1 n ow+ to ov]work or    
ov]-excitem5t1 n easily cur$--if curable
 at all1--b n]v\s & h]$it>y4 ,!reupon1  
,i wrote a lett] to my tru/ees          
absolutely resign+ my (fice & decl9+ to 
be a cl]gyman any long]1 z ,i c\ld n    
attempt to r5ew ! same k9d ( labor4 ,an 
attempt 0 made to secure a successor2   
sev]al names 7 m5tion$1 & among m5      
greatly my sup]iors 9 le>n+ & eloqu5ce1 
b none1 x 0 ?\ght1 repres5t$ ! precise  
=m ( speculation1 ! exact view (        
religion :i* my fri5ds desir$4 ,!       
,society !re=e 0 disb&$1 & no attempt   
has be5 made s9ce to reorganize x4 ,!   
memb]s 7 scatt]$1 "s among o!r *ur*es1  
"s among o!r cities1 :ile "s nev] jo9$  
any religi\s society :atev]4 ,?us a     
?riv+ & gr[+ organization is n[ simply a
 memory4     ,x4 ,,! ,,progress ,,(     
,,religi\s ,,?\ght ,,9 ,,am]ica4   ,an  

article 9 ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,review =    
,april1 #ahhe1 on ,free ,?\ght 9        
,am]ica1 is *iefly significant z %[+ h[ 
gradual & t5tative ! progress ( ?\ght 9 
religion 04 ,! comm5ts on individuals   
are (t5 wide ( ! m>k1 b ! g5]al drift is
 q correct4 ,! c\rse 0 %ad[y1 b ! ma9   
po9t 0 unmi/akable4 ,at ?is day1 !      
:olesale abuse ( religion is h>mless1 & 
c ex]t no wide influ5ce4 ,! fri5ds (    
lib]al ?\ght are aga9/ x2 & ^? :o seek !
 old grim conclusion d s 9 ano!r way1   
/riv+ to sub/itute a new fai? 9 nature =
 ! old fai? 9 div9e inspiration1 & to   
prove ! latt] to h be5 a gr[? r ?an an  
imposition4 ,! /udy ( comp>ative        
religions has put a new face on ! "q1 & 
! conc]n is n[ to discov] ! s\rce ( fai?
 9 ! sup]natural & n to make x appe> a  
creation ( prie/craft4 ,no soon] _h     
s]i\s inve/igations into antiquity      
become kn[n1 ?an ! me?od pursu$ by      
,voltaire & ,dupuis 0 ab&on$1 & ea*     
g5]ation s9ce has confirm$ ! facts (    
hi/oric developm5t4  ,t my own imm$iate 

pr$ecessors 7 ,em]son & ,p>k] is mo/    
true4 ,) ! writ+s ( ! =m] ,i 0 famili>2 
! latt] 0 my intimate fri5d4 ,p]haps my 
!ological views are due to him m ?an to 
any o!r man1 ?\gh ! circum/ances ( 8    
g5]ation 7 peculi>1 & det]m9$1 9 a mu*  
great] degree ?an 9 my own case 0       
possible1 ! ca/ ( 8 ?\ght4 ,! ,unit>ian 
controv]sy1 9 :i* he play$ s prom95t a  
"p1 & by /ress :]e( he 0 driv5 into "s (
 8 positions1 is ov]4 ,! anti-slav]y    
/ruggle1 into :i* he ?rew himself & z a 
result ( :i* 8 religi\s antagonisms 7   
%>p5$1 0 end$ _m ye>s ago4  ,poe said 9 
! preface to ,eureka1 t p]fect beauty 0 
a gu>anty ( p]fect tru?2 s ,i felt--felt
 r ?an reason$--t a great "* 0 suffici5t
 pro( ( ! tru? ( doctr9e1 & ,i accept$ !
 tea*+ on ! /r5g? ( ! nobl5ess :i* 0    
be=e my eyes4 ,lat] rese>*es confirm$ my
 op9ions1 b :ile ,i 0 "u ,p>k]'s        
influ5ce1 8 !ological views 7 accept$   
)\t mu* consid]ation2 8 unique /yle (   
p]sonality lay+ my he>t z x 7 "u a      
spell4  ,em]son 0 a man ( cold]         

temp]am5t1 ?9n] ( blood1 m sp>e 9 frame2
 ( f9] intellectual fibre1 ( m comm&+   
intellectual supremacy2 n a combatant on
 any field2 a sweet1 graci\s1 %ad[y     
p]sonality2 calm1 lucid1 imp]turbable2  
pursu+ k along ! spiritual pa? ( pure   
?\ght1 al?\gh he 0 also a /ud5t ( books2
 a reg5]ator ( m9d r ?an a re=m] (      
cu/oms2 a prophet1 di/+ui%$ = p5etration
 r ?an = w4 ,8 ideas 7 sub/antially !   
same z ,p>k]'s1 b he did n arrive at !m 
9 ! same way1 or hold !m 9 ! same _s1 or
 apply !m ) ! same directness4 ,he c>ri$
 !m out fur!r1 n be+ h9d]$1 z 8         
contempor>y 01 by ! imm$iate necessities
 ( ! h\r4 ,9 %ort1 he 0 ano!r sort ( man
 entirely4 ,bo? 7 transc5d5tali/s1 b    
,p>k] %ap$ 8 philosophy to ! work+      
exig5cies ( 8 g5]ation1 :ile ,em]son let
 8 /ream freely 9 ! air4 ,! writ] ( !   
article 9 "q accuses ,em]son ( want (   
pa?os1 & decl>es t ?is 0 ! lack ( !     
transc5d5tali/s1 z a s*ool4 ,b he c\ld  
h>dly *>ge ?is on ,p>k]1 :o 0 an ard5t  
transc5d5tali/1 b ^: v language 0       

vascul>1 :o affect$ multitudes ( m5 &   
wom51 & :o held audi5ces by ! he>t/r+s4 
,did ,hopk9s or ,bellamy or ,edw>ds melt
 p8 ,7 ! prea*]s ( ,calv9ism prie/s (   
sorr[8 ,?is is a matt] ( temp]am5t & n (
 cre$4 ,extreme rationali/s leave _!    
congregations 9 te>s1 & extreme *ur*m5  
dismiss !irs unmov$1 ! humors ( ! m5    
decid+ ! issues ( _! m9i/rations4 ,!    
clos] to ! gr\nd1 ! m abundant !        
sympa?y4 ,! "q is :e!r "o is m mundane  
or m e!real by native gift & end[m5t4   
,t transc5d5talism 0 ma9ly speculative  
may be d\bt$1 b if x 0 s ?is may be     
acc\nt$ an incid5tal circum/ance to be  
expla9$ by ! prevail+ !ological temp] ( 
! age1 & ! duty impos$ on x ( transf]r+ 
! body ( doctr9e to an ideal realm2 a   
task :i* dem&s an intellectual ef=t ( no
 common magnitude4 ,& :5 ) ?is task 0   
jo9$ ! endeavor to sift out ! purely    
spiritual ideas f ! mass ( dogmatical & 
ecclesia/ical error1 x is no wond] t x  
%\ld h be5 speculative 9 its t5d5cy4    
,c]ta9ly1 ,brook ,f>m 0 concrete en\gh1 

& ! transc5d5tali/s 71 z a rule1 int]e/$
 9 social recon/ruction1 ?\gh n 9 a way 
to t\* popul> emotion4 ,"o _c1 ev5 at   
?is di/ance1 ?9k ( ! quick5+ radiance %$
 by ! transc5d5tali/s ov] ! :ole region 
( religi\s belief & duty1 )\t gratitude4
 ,! hymns1 ! s]mons1 ! music1 !         
,sunday-s*ools1 ! pray]s1 ! *>ities1 !  
social m9i/rations1 brea!d =? a fre% _s4
 ,if !re 7 few] te>s ( woe1 !re 0 m     
weep+ = joy4 ,!re 0 too mu* gladness =  
cry+4 ,life 0 made sunny4 ,human nature 
0 int]pret$ *e]fully4 ,!re 0 an unlimit$
 future = mis]y1 ignorance1 turpitude4  
,s9 0 rem&$ to ! position ( crudity1 & 0
 bani%$ f ! heav5ly c\rts4 ,viol5ce 0   
prote/$ aga9/ 9 laws1 cu/oms1 mann]s1   
spee*4 ,h>% doctr9es 7 criticis$4 ,au/]e
 views 7 disc>d$4 ,intellectual b>ri]s 7
 remov$4 ,spiritual *annels 7 deep5$ &  
wid5$4 ,light 0 let into d>k places4 ,! 
brighte/ aspects ( div9ity 7 pres5t$4   
,immortality 0 r5d]$ native to ! s\l4 ,!
 life bel[ 0 reg>d$ z ! portal to ! life
 above4  ,9 my own case1 :atev] (       

en?usiasm ,i may h _h1 :atev] transports
 ( feel+1 :atev] gl[ ( hope = mank9d1   
:atev] ardor ( anticipation = ! future1 
:atev] exhil>ation ( m9d t[>ds ,god1    
:atev] elation 9 ! pres5ce ( disbelief 9
 ! popul> !ology1 may be fairly ascrib$ 
to ?is =m ( ! ideal philosophy4 ,x 0 l a
 revelation ( glory4 ,e good ?\ght 0    
enc\rag$4 ,e noble impulse 0 height5$4  
,x 0 balm & elixir to me4 ,if           
transc5d5talism did n appe> z a sun     
illum9at+ ! entire m5tal univ]se x 0 !  
fault ( my exposition alone4 ,absolute  
fai? 9 t =m ( philosophy grew weak &    
pass$ away _m ye>s s9ce1 & ! assurance x
 gave 0 %ak52 b ! sunset flu% cont9u$ a 
long "t aft] ! orb ( day _h disappe>$ & 
light$ up ! e>?4 ,gradually ! spl5dor   
fad$1 to be succe$$ by a s(t] & m       
tranquil gleam1 less /imulat+ b n less  
beautiful or glori\s4 ,! _w looks l>g]  
"u ! light ( />s4 ,i always lov$ ,blanco
 ,:ite's magnific5t sonnet to ,night1 b 
nev] appreciat$ its full significance   
until ! sci5tific view _h succe$$ to !  

transc5d5tal1 & ,i began to walk by k1  
/eadily & surely1 b n buoyantly any m4  
,x w\ld be a mi/ake to suppose t any?+ l
 pa91 sadness1 or /]ility accompanies ! 
dep>ture ( an old fai?1 :5 a new "o     
takes its place & soon op5s fre%        
prospects ( good4 ,! univ]se b gr[s     
l>g]3 o!r me?ods are adopt$1 o!r hopes  
are ent]ta9$1 o!r consolations are      
pres5t$1 & soon ! m9d adju/s itself to !
 alt]$ conditions4 ,! d[nca/ mood (     
,george ,eliot1 ( ! au?or ( ,physicus1 &
 ( _m ano!r less di/+ui%$ unbeliev]1 may
 be due 9 "p to temp]am5t1 9 "p to !    
fir/ feel+ ( *ill t ensues ^u a         
transitional p]iod1 :i* br+s 9 a diff]5t
 climate2 b ! allegation ( la/+         
coldness1 gloom1 discont5t1 is :olly    
gr\ndless4 ,! old fable says t quails   
drop f ! cl\ds1 t ev5 rocks qu5* !      
travell]'s ?ir/4 ,!re is1 9 %ort1 no    
wild]ness4  ,t ! cre$ 0 filmy1 ! foo?old
 un/eady1 is altoge!r likely1 = ! anci5t
 supports 7 remov$1 ! pill>s t replac$  
!m 7 %ak+1 & tradition alone rema9$ to  

hold by4 ,b religion 0 /ill ! ,poetry ( 
,life1 & kept its place among ! int]e/s 
s+ly repres5t$ by art1 music1 lit]ature1
 philosophy1 ^? f9e intimations ( a     
high] /ate1 ^? spl5did =e%ad[+s ( !     
future1 ^? noble ef=ts to solve problems
 t mu/ be =ev] insoluble4 ,my cre$ did n
 pret5d to be f9al or ev5 def9ite4 ,x 0 
simply a /udy1 a prelim9>y sket*1 an    
essay t[>ds tru?4 ,a claim to           
complet5ess1 to logical consi/5cy1 w\ld 
h be5 fatal4 ,/ill less1 if possible1   
did x pret5d to meet popul> wants4 ,x   
resolutely turn$ 9 ! opposite direction1
 & took up positions :i*1 x 0 und]/ood1 
! g5]al public c\ld n occupy )\t ab&on+ 
all its works & retir+ to o!r gr\nd4 ,no
 ef=t 0 made to comm5d x to common      
op9ion2 on ! contr>y1 ev]y?+ l          
concession 0 %unn$1 & ! slighte/ signal 
( agreem5t ) curr5t beliefs 0 reg>d$ z a
 w>n+ aga9/ a compromise ( pr9ciple4    
,no?+ 0 assum$ except ! validity ( !    
human faculties1 includ+1 ( c\rse1 !    
high] reason1 ! insight ( g5ius1 & su*  

feel+s z 7 p>ts ( ! rational            
con/itution1 toge!r ) p]fect lib]ty 9 _!
 ex]cise4 ,e !ological sy/em 0          
repudiat$2 ev5 ! doctr9es ( a consci\s  
,deity & ! individual immortality ( !   
s\l 7 left op5 to discussion1 ! a!i/ & !
 mat]iali/ be+ li/5$ to ) z mu* def]5ce 
z any4 ,^! doctr9es 7 accept$1 yet n on 
! gr\nd ( au?ority or tradition1 b      
simply consid]$ z fai?s1 hopes1 s5tim5ts
 ( ! spiritual be+2 ! exi/5ce ( liv+    
m9d1 c\pl$ ) ! dem& = unity1 seem+ to   
gu>antee ! fir/1 ! fact ( individual    
p]si/5cy appe>+ to demon/rate ! second4 
,b all def9ition 0 c>efully avoid$1     
conviction be+ conf9$ to ! ma9 idea1 &  
be+ purely spiritual 9 its "*1 n 9 !    
lea/ dogmatical1 or exclusive ( k4 ,(   
doctr9e 9 ! usual s5se !re 0 none4 ,!re 
0 m]ely ?\ght4 ,! v tea*+ 0 m ( ! nature
 ( sugge/ion ?an ( f9al conclusion4 ,=  
?is reason no acc\nt ( ! cr$o c be giv51
 all fix$ expressions ( views be+       
disc\nt5anc$ z premature1 & !re=e       
irrational4 ,?is %\ld be di/9ctly       

und]/ood by ^? int]e/$ 9 com+ at ! tru? 
on ?is subject4 ,! object 0 to          
dis9tegrate1 to pulv]ize1 to enable m9d 
to float freely 9 ! air ( intellect1 to 
! end t x might cry/allize ab\t natural 
c5tres4 ,all dogmatism1 t ( ! infidel z 
well z t ( ! believ]1 ( ! man ( sci5ce z
 well z ( ! !ologian1 ( ! s5suali/ z    
well z ( ! spirituali/1 0 obnoxi\s4 ,!re
 0 no sympa?y ) ^? :o reg>d$ ! case z   
clos$1 ei!r z ! anti-,*ri/ian assailant 
or z ! apologi/ did2 ei!r ) ! s*ool (   
,pa9e or ) ! s*ool ( ,calv94 ,h]eaft]   
!re may be articles ( belief1 at pres5t 
!re c be none4 ,?is1 x may be said1 0 a 
tempor>y1 incid5tal position1 q         
indet]m9ate & unsatisfactory4 ,no d\bt x
 04 ,t 0 all x pret5d$ to be4 ,! soon] x
 disappe>$ & 0 succe$$ by a m /able "o1 
s x 0 reasonable1 ! bett]1 = t w\ld     
indicate an advance 9 rational judgm5t4 
,?is task--! complete emancipation ( !  
human m9d f e =m ( ?raldom--w occupy    
lib]al tea*]s = a long "t to come4 ,all 
t c be said 9 def5ce ( in/itut$         

religion1 & all t c be urg$ on ! o!r    
side1 _h be5 put =w>d aga9 & aga91 b 9 a
 sect>ian--t is1 9 a p>tisan--_s4 ,n[ an
 ev5 temp] is dem&$4 ,un=tunately1      
imp>tiality is apt to deg5]ate into     
indiff]5ce4 ,bread? ( view is1 z a rule1
 inconsi/5t ) rapidity ( motion4 ,! fact
 t ! ,free ,religi\s ,association _h a  
small con/itu5cy z comp>$ ) _m an       
or?odox society is no evid5ce :atev] t !
 or?odox society is ne>] ! tru?4 ,! =m] 
0 broad en\gh to admit all religions1 ! 
latt] %ut out all save ! ,*ri/ians1 ?us 
mak+ !m a special community sav$ by _!  
belief4 ,! problem is to pres]ve &1 if  
possible1 deep5 intellectual en?usiasm  
:ile oppos+ fanatical adh]5ce to dogmas2
 to associate bread? ) =ce1 to unite    
fre$om ) e>ne/ness1 & to r5d] ! love (  
tru? m int5se 9 proportion z ! horizon  
rec$es & ideas multiply4 ,su* ought to  
be ! result ( free ?9k+1 & su* x is :5  
?9k+ goes h& 9 h& ) fre$om4  ,critical  
/udies mu/ keep an ev5 pace )           
philosophy1 & bo? mu/ conspire to pu%   

back ! l9es ( cr$5ce z f> z fai? 9 !    
spiritual s5tim5t w p]mit4 ,! late/     
inve/igations h sub/antiat$ lib]al      
conclusions & c>ri$ !m into regions :i* 
7 inaccessible to ! au?orities ( an e>ly
 day4 ,a c]ta9 am\nt ( d5ial 0 necess>y 
( c\rse1 b ?is 0 made 9 view ( a l>g]   
affirmation :i* _h to be br\ght =w>d1 & 
01 moreov]1 conf9$ to matt]s incid5tal1 
n direct$ at ! sub/ance ( fai?4 ,!      
assumption ( a spiritual nature 9 man   
gu>ante$ ! inh]5t g5u95ess ( all        
aspiration4  ,no d\bt ! assumption ( a  
creative religi\s nature 9 man l5t aid  
to ! endeavor to glorify ! pagan fai?s1 
& pr$ispos$ ! m9d to accept criticisms  
on ,*ri/ianity2 b sci5tific inve/igation
 ( ! _w's bibles w5t on q indep5d5tly ( 
?is assumption4 ,x 0 promot$ by         
,ca?olics & ,prote/ants1 by ,lu!rans &  
,unit>ians1 by ,g]mans1 ,fr5*1 ,engli%1 
,am]icans4 ,c]ta9ly ! alleg$ antiquity (
 a sy/em is n 9 its favor2 = ignorance1 
cr$ulity1 sup]/ition1 are mu* old] ?an  
?is2 old] ?an ! anci5t books1 ?an !     

anci5t ?9k]s4 ,! olde/ ?+s are errors1  
delusions1 falsities4 ,! allegiance (   
great m9ds simply proves ! limitations (
 intellect4 ,sir ,?omas ,m believ$ 9    
transub/antiation1 & ,samuel ,johnson   
believ$ 9 gho/s4 ,! wide rev]5ce = !    
,scriptures is an impressive fact1 until
 x is se5 t no writ+s h be5 s gu>d$1 nor
 h su* pa9s be5 tak5 9 reg>d to any o!r 
lit]ature to create = x a habit ( docile
 v5]ation4 ,fidelity is praisewor?y1 b x
 is no pl$ge ( wisdom4 ,on ! contr>y x  
draws att5tion to ! m]its or dem]its ( !
 cre$ to :i* x is consecrat$4 ,is       
wit*craft respectable8 ,yet x _h its    
m>tyrs4 ,is demoniacal possession       
cr$ible8 ,yet sa9ts atte/$ x4 ,! fury ( 
! fight] _c v\* = ! wor?9ess ( ! cause4 
,if x c\ld1 ! n>r[e/ cr$5ce w\ld be !   
true/ z ! _w goes1 & !y :o adh]e to !   
,*ri/ian tradition w\ld be consign$ to !
 d>ke/ cells ( x4 ,! newe/ ?+ is k4 ,?is
 nev] p>alyzes1 & nev] is fanatical4    
,its heat is /imulat+ yet graci\s4 ,its 
zeal does n scor* or consume4 ,x awak5s 

e faculty1 keeps inquiry on ! /ret*1    
excites ! noble/ ambition1 & at ! same  
"t rebukes ! p>tisan temp] 9 all its    
manife/ations4 ,its reign is b5efic5t2  
its com+ is full ( hope4 ,x is ev] look+
 =w>d ) sangu9e anticipation1 & if x is 
at times impati5t1 petulant1 or imp]i\s1
 x is because x is frett$ by /ubborn    
ob/acles t prev5t ! full realization (  
its purpose to discov] ! tru?4 ,= a long
 "t to come !re w be controv]sy1 b its  
viol5ce w disappe>1 its acrimony w      
gradually cease1 ! passion = victory w  
yield to ! love ( k1 & all g5u9e seek]s 
w unite 9 ! se>* aft] light4  ,9 ! la/  
g5]ation ! progress ( intellig5t        
exam9ation into nature's secrets has be5
 exce$+ly rapid4 ,dur+ my active m9i/ry 
,i 0 h>dly aw>e ( x1 = ?\gh an assailant
 ( ! popul> religion1 a *ampion ( !     
free/ ?\ght1 ,i 0 a def5d] ( ! curr5t   
religi\s ideas2 s9ce leav+ ! pr(ession1 
! significance ( ! m5tal revolution t is
 tak+ place1 has be5 m fully reveal$ to 
me4 ,! advance has approa*$ v ne> to !  

he>t ( ! citadel4 ,! que/ions "u        
discussion are fundam5tal ones1 !       
exi/5ce ( a self-consci\s deity1 ! fact 
( p]sonal cont9uance beyond ! grave1 !  
l9e ( di/9ction betwe5 mat]ial &        
spiritual ?+s4 ,! dispute hangs on      
invisible ?reads ( logic4 ,!            
cons]vatives occupy positions :i*       
radicals ( ?irty ye>s back c\ld n       
assume4  ,! next /ep 9 ! developm5t (   
free ?\ght mu/ be t[>d ! realization (  
all ! ideal supports ( mank9d1 !        
spiritualiz+ ( ! secul>1 ! lift+ into   
heav5ly places ( ?is _w's activity1 !   
transfiguration ( our common life4 ,if  
by religion is und]/ood ! /riv+ aft]    
p]fection 9 intellectual ?+s by !       
untrammell$ pursuit ( k1 9 social       
conc]ns by ! ex]cise ( frat]nal k9dness1
 9 ! spiritual _w by aspiration t[>ds a 
complete surr5d] to natural law1 e free 
?9k] w enc\rage t & w d :at he c to     
promote x4 ,t !re is no f9al tru?       
discov]able mu/ be admitt$1 b su* a     
confession ne$ n tr\ble ^? :o look      

manfully =w>d to a future ( new         
discov]ies1 & gird !mselves to remove   
all ob/acles to ! k ( ! _w !y live 94   
,rob]t ,br[n+ 9 8 ,p>acelsus1 publi%$ 9 
#ahce1 anticipates ! doctr9e (          
evolution4                  ,?us ,he    
dwells 9 all1     ,f life's m9ute       
beg9n+s1 up at la/     ,to man--!       
consummation ( ?is s*eme     ,( be+--!  
completion ( ?is sph]e     ,( life2 ^:  
attributes _h "h & !re     ,be5 scatt]$ 
o'er ! visible _w be=e1     ,ask+ to be 
comb9$4  ,9 #ahcf1 ,em]son 9 8 ,nature1 
reit]at$ ?is gr& prophecy3      ,a      
subtle *a9 ( c\ntless r+s1     ,! next  
unto ! f>!/ br+s1     ,! eye reads om5s 
:]e x goes1     ,& speaks all languages1
 ! rose2     ,& /riv+ to be man1 ! worm 
,m\nts ?r\gh all ! spires ( =m4  ,9     
#ahfg1 sci5ce _h gone s f> t x c\ld     
ann\nce ! ,unity ( ,creation2 ! absolute
 ,ord] & ,law2 "o cont9u\s ,=ce2        
,progress z ! end ( life4 ,! et]nal     
beauty exi/$ = ^? :o _h eyes to see4 ,on
 ?is f\ndation ! human he>t1 ) its      

qualities ( m]cy1 pity1 peace1 & love1  
its s5tim5ts ( ju/ice & equity1 its     
hung] = advance1 its idea ( goodness1   
built up a v noble & b5ignant conception
 ( deity & ! sure hope ( moral          
p]fection4     ,,xi4 ,,! ,,cl]ical      
,,pr(ession4   ,x is natural t ! cl]ical
 pr(ession %\ld be an ord] by itself4 ,e
 o!r call+ is--! lawy]'s1 ! physician's1
 ! arti/'s & ! m]*ant's4 ,!re is an     
absurd notion t ! cl]ical pr(ession /&s 
alone2 t x has a sup]natural orig91 :i* 
takes x out ( ! circle ( ord9>y         
employm5ts2 t x is n to be comp>$ ) o!r 
in/itutions ( society4 ,b ! real dignity
 ( ! pr(ession consi/s 9 its fill+ its  
place among human arrangem5ts4 ,a c]ta9 
temp]am5t too1 seems to belong to all   
employm5ts4 ,!re is ! legal temp]am5t1 !
 arti/ic1 ! dramatic1 ! m]cantile4 ,x is
 no disadvantage t "o pref]s solitude1  
likes ab/ract ?\ghts1 has no ta/e =     
bus9ess ent]prise1 is fond ( books &    
/udy4 ,inde$1 ?is is an advantage = "o  
^: (fice x is to amass le>n+1 to weigh  

op9ions 9 f9e scales1 to foll[ !        
spiritual laws1 & to pe] into ! my/]y t 
surr\nds human life4 ,! v misund]/&+s1  
illusions1 sup]/itions t ga!r ar\nd !   
call+ may be recomm5dations1 inasmu* z  
!y prev5t ! intrusion ( rude m9ds1 &    
draw _! att5tion t[>ds subjects !y w\ld 
n o!rwise be int]e/$ 94  ,a c]ta9 am\nt 
( positiv5ess is necess>y to ensure !   
wor? ( ! pr(ession4 ,! ,ca?olic prie/   
has no d\bt :atev] ( ! provid5tial      
e/abli%m5t ( ! *ur* 9 :i* he is a       
s]vant4 ,?is mu/ be beyond "q or        
misgiv+4 ,?is is tak5 = grant$ by cl]gy 
& laity4 ,all le>n+ mu/ be made to      
confirm x1 all obs]vation is compell$ to
 favor x4 ,! laws ( society mu/ h no?+  
to d ) ! k+dom ( ,god2 = society is to  
be r$eem$1 nature is to be supplant$ by 
grace1 secul> life mu/ !re=e be exclud$4
 ,! prie/1 su* is ! !ory1 dwells out ( !
 _w1 & is enc\rag$ to d s4 ,he is poor1 
celibate1 homeless1 has no atta*m5ts1 no
 affections1 no t]re/rial occupations4  
,he mu/ be to all int5ts & purposes dead

 to mortal affairs4 ,"o may f9d fault ) 
e>?ly in/itutions2 "o is b\nd to f9d    
fault ) !m1 b ! *ur* mu/ be beyond      
criticism & mu/ be accept$ z a gift f   
heav54  ,! ,prote/ant cl]gyman holds fa/
 by 8 doctr9e ( fai? z by div9e         
appo9tm5t4 ,8 *ief t5ets mu/ n be       
submitt$ to d\bt4 ,:atev] he may reject1
 !re rema9s some?+ he is n tempt$ to    
resign--namely1 ! pres5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s 
9 8 cre$4 ,reason may c>ry !            
outworks--c]emonies1 ord9ances1         
incid5tal po9ts ( belief1--b ! citadel  
is remov$ f assault4 ,! _w-_s may hov]  
ar\nd him1 envi\s1 expectant1 wat*ful1  
applaud+ 8 boldness1 *e]+ 8 progress    
t[>ds negations1 glad to see ! gulf     
betwixt him & ! age gradually dim9i%+1 &
 press+ into e vacant position2 society 
may claim int]e/ 9 him m & m2 b !re are 
po9ts he mu/ n yield1 & :i* he m]ely    
wi%es to br+ into prom95ce 9 surr5d]+   
o!rs :i* he reg>ds z second>y4 ,s mu*   
may be necess>y1 b religion mu/         
practically take its place among ! ideal

 pursuits ( m5 & be expos$1 z !y are1 to
 ! full exam9ation ( ! m9d be=e any fair
 acc\nt ( x c be giv54 ,& ?is _c be s   
long z a region1 h[ev] small1 is %ut (f 
f inve/igation by sup]natural p[]s4     
,moreov]1 x is ! common impression t !  
(fice ( ! m9i/ry is detrim5tal to ! be/ 
int]e/ ( humanity1 because x e/abli%es  
ano!r ca/e & ?us de/roys ! unity t is s 
important 9 ! integrity ( ! _w4 ,by x ! 
prie/ is a p]son set ap>t1 h$g$ ab\t by 
! laws1 held 9 peculi> rev]5ce1 habit$ 9
 special g>m5ts4 ,"s k9ds ( ent]ta9m5ts1
 su* z danc+1 ! drama1 are commonly     
=bidd5 to him4 ,8 pres5ce on fe/ive     
occasions us$ to be reg>d$ z a graci\s  
intrusion4 ,he 0 n expect$ to take "p 9 
gayeties or to h any %>e 9 frivolities1 
:i* 7 mu* m hil>i\s :5 he 0 abs5t & !   
re/ra9t ( 8 pres5ce 0 remov$4 ,he 0     
?\ght to be someh[ at w> ) nature1 & 8  
look+ on at m]rymak+ 0 reg>d$ by !      
polite z a piece ( condesc5sion on 8 "p1
 an evid5ce ( unusual lib]ality (       
s5tim5t4 ,x 0 b ! o!r day t a "y        

physician1 belong+ to a ,unit>ian       
family1 & himself an en?usia/ic /ud5t ( 
sci5ce1 prais$ a m9i/] = excus+ 8       
cont9ual abs5ce f *ur* on ! gr\nd ( 8   
be+ s well employ$4 ,?is 0 reg>d$ z a   
long /ep 9 ! direction ( indulg5ce t[>ds
 natural incl9ation4 ,ev5 among         
rationali/s1 a symptom ( ! old idea     
appe>s 9 an expression ( ! face1 ! mann]
 ( address1 ! walk1 or ! g5]al be>+4 ,x 
is ?\ght a great /ret* ( *>ity if he is 
k9d to ! a!i/1 ! mat]iali/1 ! infidel2 &
 to take 9 ! tempt$ *ild ( nature1 !    
drunk>d1 ! victim ( lu/1 av>ice1 is     
extreme good-w1 b5evol5ce am\nt+ to     
sa9tl9ess4 ,to aboli% f x ! pret5sion ( 
sup]iority 9 ! =m ( pity1 z ! high look 
^u ! l[1 ! good ^u ! bad1 ! moral ^u !  
immoral1 ! virtu\s ^u ! vici\s1 is1 x is
 presum$1 to ov]look all recogniz$      
di/9ctions1 to en?rone nature1 to accept
 in/9ct z a safe guide1 to r5\nce       
religion altoge!r & reject ! say+ t !   
,*ri/ian *ur* is immortal because its   
fundam5tal dogma involves a doctr9e (   

,god 9 nature s ample & cle> z to       
satisfy e pr(\nde/ want ( ! he>t & e    
urg5t dem& ( ! head t[>ds ,god =ev]4    
,!re are di/9ctions en\gh among m5 at   
any rate1 & to oblit]ate !m z f> z      
possible is ! (fice ( true religion &   
all real humanity2 to increase love1 to 
multiply ! bonds ( frat]nity1 to br+    
mank9d to a social equality1 to         
annihilate all t keeps mortals ap>t4 ,( 
c\rse ! safety ( society mu/ be pres]v$ 
by laws1 cu/oms1 prejudices1 b c>e %\ld 
be tak5 to make ^! simply protective 9  
_! function1 & 9 no ev5t %\ld x be      
assum$ t su* di/9ctions1 h[ev] radical1 
h any absolute value or g beyond !      
limits ( ?is outw>d _w4 ,save m51 if y  
c1 f intemp]ance1 viol5ce1 covet\sness1 
lascivi\sness1 c[>dice1 gluttony1       
laz9ess1 f e vice t brutalizes !m1 r5d]s
 !m objects ( hate1 fe>1 suspicion1 or  
jeal\sy2 make _! circum/ances :olesome1 
_! condition 9 life invigorat+1 b d x 9 
! "n ( enlight5m5t1 d x z memb]s ( !    
human bro!rhood1 n z memb]s ( a div9e   

organization4 ,_m m9i/]s make great     
ef=ts to exorcise ?is demon (           
exclusiv5ess1 b ! ef=t is too sev]e =   
any b ! few1 & ! success ( x is (       
d\btful accompli%m5t4  ,! ,*ri/ian m9i/]
 is a repres5tative ( humanity1 pure &  
simple1 )\t recognition ( its division  
into classes4 ,he is nei!r ri* nor poor1
 high nor l[1 9 society nor out ( x1    
elevat$ nor obscure4 ,he is democratic1 
! fri5d ( ev]ybody1 ! s]vant ( all1 on  
t]ms ( *>ity & s9c]ity ) all m54        
,sect>ianism1 ) its manifold evils (    
viol5ce1 malignity1 hatr$1              
misrepres5tation1 is a /&+ evid5ce ( !  
h>m done to society by a prie/hood1 :e!r
 ,ca?olic or ,prote/ant1 & m9i/]s :o h  
labor$ to ov]?r[ its influ5ce z be+     
fatal to *>ity h be5 oblig$ to fight    
aga9/ ! _s ( p>ty1 & to rely m ^u _!    
natural disposition ?an ^u _!           
pr(essional tra9+4 ,9 ?is respect !     
laity h be5 9 advance ( _! s-call$      
lead]s4 ,! p h always be5 oppos$ to     
dogmatical exclusiv5ess1 & h welcom$ e  

sign ( g5]osity t[>ds unbeliev]s4 ,!y h 
foll[$ _! in/9ct ( sympa?y1 !y h read ! 
,new ,te/am5t by ! light ( _! human     
feel+1 & sett+ common-s5se aga9/        
doctr9al n>r[ness1 h rejoic$ at e       
victory ga9$ ov] intol]ance4 ,!y h be5  
fri5ds ( bro!rhood2 !y h adopt$ ! cause 
( lib]ty2 & ,i mu/ own ) grief1 ! foes  
!y h _h to cont5d ) h be51 9 too _m     
in/ances1 ! m9i/]s :o w\ld n see t *>ity
 0 be=e fai?4  ,ev]ybody mu/ h obs]v$ ! 
unanimity & ! p]si/5cy ) :i* m9i/]s (   
all d5om9ations & ( all ages h devot$   
!mselves to ! ri*4 ,9 fact ! devotion is
 s conspicu\s t x is "o ( ! commonplace 
criticisms on ! pr(ession4 ,p 9 g5]al   
assume t ?is k9d ( adulation1 am\nt+ (t5
 to toadyism1 is *>act]i/ic ( ! cl]ical 
call+1 s insep>able f x inde$ t !       
majority ( m5 are incr$ul\s z to any    
dep>ture f x1 & look ) unfeign$         
admiration1 :5 !re are no reasons =     
di/ru/1 on ! m9i/] :o kn[s no di/9ction 
( p]sons or conditions1 b has reg>d to  
intellectual or spiritual consid]ations 

alone4 ,su* a man is view$ z a wond]1 an
 exception to all rules1 s+ul>ly        
con/itut$1 ei!r extraord9>ily humane or 
extraord9>ily obtuse1 ei!r m or less ?an
 a man4 ,! wor%ip ( weal? is s common t 
"s explanation ( x mu/ be giv54 ,!      
suff]+s1 mi%aps1 tr\bles ( ! ri* are    
reput$ to be m s]i\s ?an !y are 9 !     
ord9>y run ( cases2 _! disappo9tm5ts are
 m pitiable1 _! crosses heavi]1 _!      
losses sev]]1 _! sorr[s a grav]         
imputation on ,provid5ce4 ,!y are look$ 
on z ! favorites ( heav51 & !           
cotton-wool 9 :i* !y are wrapp$ is spok5
 ( z ! provision t is made = !m         
expressly by ! ,"l4  ,?is may be acc\nt$
 = on gr\nds ( mat]ial conv5i5ce4 ,!y :o
 h money are ( great importance1 & t !y 
%\ld be int]e/$ 9 *ur* affairs is (     
imm5se mom5t to all conc]n$1 n to !     
m9i/]s alone1 b to ! entire             
congregation1 nay1 to ! :ole community (
 believ+ m54 ,!re is always ne$ ( money1
 to build *ur*es1 pay (ficials1 hire    
s+]s1 furni% ornam5ts1 support *>ities1 

ma9ta9 organizations = v>i\s            
ecclesia/ical purposes2 & x is mu* easi]
 to get ?is 9 l>g] sums & ) little      
tr\ble1 ?an to obta9 x 9 little         
driblets1 ) mu* pa91 great exp5diture ( 
"t1 & con/ant vexation ( _s4 ,! m9i/]1 f
 ! nature ( ! case1 is *>geable ) ?is   
conc]n1 :i* obliges him to visit        
frequ5tly ! weal?i] memb]s ( 8 sect4 ,to
 ?is end he mu/ keep on good t]ms ) !m1 
mu/ sit at _! tables1 eat _! d9n]s1 dr9k
 _! w9e1 praise _! pictures1 complim5t  
_! ta/es1 comm5d _! p]=mances1 flatt] _!
 self-e/eem1 admire _! surr\nd+s1 take  
_! side 9 controv]sy2 & all su* conduct 
is set d[n by k9dly1 ?\ghtful p1 to !   
acc\nt ( prud5ce :i* is m ?an p>donable 
9 "o situat$ z he is4  ,?is is q true1 b
 x is n ! :ole tru?4 ,by implication    
already1 ! duty ( cultivat+ ! ri* z     
donors involves ! qualities ( manhood to
 an indef9ite ext5t4 ,! l9e ( necess>y  
c\rtesy is n decisively drawn2 _c be    
drawn by ! rules ( etiquette4 ,?is mu/  
be ! result ( a tra9$ exp]i5ce1 ( a     

delicacy & s5sitiv5ess1 ( a pride (     
selfhood1 ( a l(t9ess or dignity ( m9d t
 are h>dly to be look$ = 9 any l>ge     
class ( human be+s1 h[ev] free f special
 temptation or p>ticul> s$uctions t may 
be4 ,! influ5ce ( luxury1 ease1 com=t1  
elegance1 is v insidi\s1 s t ev5 an     
unusual zeal = tru?1 an extraord9>y     
passion = excell5ce1 yields to ! p[] (  
moral indiff]5ce1 ( intellectual        
sup]ficialness1 :i* is *>act]i/ic ( ^?  
:o d n d battle ) circum/ances4 ,x is s 
mu* easi] to d no?+ ?an x is to d       
some?+2 x is s *>m+ to be def]r$ to1 to 
be look$ up to1 to be flatt]$1 to h "o's
 op9ion s\ght )\t be+ involv$ 9         
discussion1 or vex$ by opposition1 or   
confront$ ) scepticism2 x is s          
delightful to ! natural man to sit 9 an 
easy cu%ion$ *air1 & be treat$ )        
delicate c\rtesy & da9ty ref9em5t z an  
au?ority on matt]s !ological1           
philosophical1 lit]>y1 in/ead ( be+ put 
on ! def5sive by ke5 que/ion]s :o submit
 awkw>d problems = imm$iate solution2 x 

is s gratify+ to "o's self-e/eem to be  
receiv$ z a sup]ior be+1 t ord9>y human 
nature g5]ally succumbs to ! temptation 
& f9ds ready excuse = acquiesc5ce 9 !   
necessity ( be+ on good t]ms ) "o's     
weal?i] p>i%ion]s1 & s secur+ _! all    
important good-w4 ,9 %ort1 a fa/idi\s   
k9d ( flunkeyism is eng5d]$ t is q      
inconsi/5t ) ! spiritual life4 ,! ri*   
become a refuge z well z a res\rce1 & ! 
inn] man is weak5$ :ile ! out] man is   
confirm$4 ,a species ( le?>gy creeps ov]
 m9d & consci5ce4 ,ev5 ! moral purpose  
fa9ts & langui%es1 & *>ity ceases to be 
a?letic1 z elegance ( =m is sub/itut$ = 
pi? ( resolution4 ,! prophet is induc$  
to say smoo? ?+s1 to ann\nce easy       
pr9ciples1 to gloze ov] h>d             
int]pretations1 to keep out ( sight     
unwelcom$ tru?s2 & extraord9>y c\rage is
 requir$ ( ^? :o w\ld resi/ ?is t5d5cy  
to complaisance4 ,! ri* are1 f ! nature 
( ! case1 easily p]suad$ ( ! excell5ce (
 exi/+ in/itutions1 ideas1 obs]vances4  
,i _h be5 9 ! pulpit five ye>s be=e ,i  

saw ,h5ry ,james' rem>kable lecture on  
,prop]ty z a ,symbol1 & le>n$ = ! fir/  
"t t ,prop]ty symbolizes ! p]fect       
sov]eignty :i* man is de/9$ to ex]cise  
ov] nature2 t ,prop]ty z an in/itution (
 human society expresses or gr[s out (  
?is in/9ct ( sov]eignty 9 man4 ,:ile ?is
 in/9ct is z yet misund]/ood or         
unrecogniz$ by ! individual1 :ile its   
full issues are z yet unimag9$ by him1  
society l5ds all h] =ce to educate x "u 
?is =m ( an aspiration aft] prop]ty1 or 
a desire to appropriate to "o's self1   
l&1 h\ses1 money1 preci\s /ones1 &      
:atsoev] else evid5ces "o's p[] ov]     
nature4444 ,?us ! moral law is no?+ m or
 less ?an an affirmation ( ! sacr$ness (
 private prop]ty4 ,x virtually ass]ts an
 individuality 9 man sup]ior to t       
conf]r$ by 8 nature4444 ,su* is ! temp] 
( m9d :i* ,god begets 9 him1 to subdue !
 :ole realm ( ! outw>d & f9ite to       
himself1 to ! s]vice ( 8 prop]          
individuality1 & s v9dicate ! tru? ( 8  
inf9ite orig94444 ,! sole gr\nd ( our   

sov]eignty ov] nature is inw>d1 consi/+ 
9 a ,god-inspir$ selfhood1 in/9ct )     
inf9ite p[]4  ,x w\ld be com=t+ to      
believe t a felt consci\sness ( ?is     
inf9itude1 h[ev] dim1 animates !        
atta*m5t ( ! cl]gyman to ! opul5t ( any 
congregation2 b ,i1 = "o1 mu/ make !    
confession t ! fact ( prop]ty 0 tak5    
lit]ally1 t ! ideal1 symbolical "* ( x 0
 conceal$1 t ! in/9ct ( sov]eignty 0    
unrecogniz$ & unimag9able1 & t ! div9e  
int5t 0 uns\ght =1 ! in/itution be+ held
 q suffici5t to itself & ne$+ no        
au!ntication beyond its exi/5ce4 ,& su*1
 ,i appreh5d1 is ! prevail+ view among !
 cl]gy1 ^: wor%ip ( x is n id5tical ) ! 
adoration ( ! ,inf9ite4  ,"o _c und]take
 to speak ) k on a subject s complicat$ 
z ?is is ) private motives1 p]sonal     
temp]am5ts1 social circum/ances2 b1 z f>
 z my memory goes1 ! cl]gy1 z a class1 h
 be5 too mu* engag$ ) matt]s            
ecclesia/ical to be deeply int]e/$ 9 any
 cause ( re=m1 & too timid to take !    
initiative 9 any matt] involv+          

disagreeable relations ) controll+ p[]s4
  ,:ile t[>ds ! ri* ! attitude ( ! cl]gy
 is "o ( allegiance1 t[>ds ! poor x has 
be5 "o ( patronage4 ,?is is a dang]4 ,! 
poor ye h always ) y1 & :5ev] ye w ye c 
d !m good1 expresses _! doctr9e ( *>ity4
 ,z if ! poor 7 creat$ 9 ord] t o!rs    
might ex]cise b5efic5ce2 z if pov]ty 0 a
 provid5tial in/itution1 ma9ta9$ 9 !    
int]e/ ( religion6 ,x is h>d 9 a s-call$
 ,*ri/ian community to get away f ?is   
view4 ,! mod]n sci5tific !ory & !       
,*ri/ian !ory are ?us at w>2 ! =m] be+  
int5t on ! well-be+ ( society1 ! latt]  
hav+ 9 m9d ! cultivation ( ! individual 
9 t5d]ness ( sympa?y2 ! =m] educat+     
intellig5ce1 ! latt] educat+ feel+4     
,/ill !re 0 *>ity4  ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1  
to say no?+ "h ( any ecclesia/ical      
purpose 9 keep+ masses ( m5 & wom5 out (
 ! _w1 ga!r$ ^? :o c\ld n help !mselves 
into great build+s & took c>e ( !m4 ,9 !
 ,prote/ant ,*ur* ! c>e ( ! poor has be5
 held to be a religi\s duty1 & a l>ge "p
 ( ! ef=ts ( ,*ri/ian m9i/]s is direct$ 

to ! fo/]+ ( pity & g5]osity 9 ! he>ts (
 ! weal?y4 ,to give to ^? :o _h no?+ 0  
reckon$ ! *ief ( graces1 &              
*>ity--int]pret$ z love = ^? 9 want--0  
plac$ above fai? & hope1 ev5 :5 money   
alone 0 giv54 ,n long ago a ,unit>ian   
m9i/] exhort$ 8 congregation to set ap>t
 = ! uses ( ! poor "o t5? "p ( _! annual
 income1 & d\btless he _h ! consci5ces (
 ne>ly all 8 he>]s ) him1 = ! mon/r\s   
proposition has be5 s (t5 ass]t$ z to   
seem by ?is "t a commonplace4 ,probably 
no man liv+ does t or ev] did1 & !      
practice ( x on a l>ge scale w\ld       
paup]ize ! community4 ,?9k ( x6 ,five   
?\s& doll>s a ye> is n a great income1  
yet if e "o :o _h z mu* be/[$ a t5? "p (
 x on *>itable objects :at a fund =     
human demoralization w\ld be rais$6 ,&  
:5 ! income is t5 ?\s&1 fifte5 ?\s&1    
tw5ty ?\s&1 ! am\nt ( imbecility creat$ 
w\ld be indescribable2 in]tia w\ld be   
frightfully increas$1 & multitudes w\ld 
sit ) fold$ h&s :o o!rwise w\ld h lift$ 
!m to d "s hone/ "w4 ,a moral le?>gy    

w\ld fall on ! toil+ masses2            
weal?-produc+ labor w\ld %r9k to n>r[] &
 n>r[] limits1 & a p>alysis ( en]gy w\ld
 /eal ov] ! w ( ^? ^: ne$ ( resolution  
is ! sore/4 ,weal? w\ld consequ5tly     
decrease1 & ! numb] ( ! giv]s get small]
 & small] until accumulation1 :i* is !  
life ( ! mod]n _w z di/+ui%$ f ! anci5t1
 w\ld be blight$4 ,! indu/rial classes  
w\ld be r$uc$ to s]vitude1 enorm\s      
=tunes w\ld be ga!r$ by fraud1          
speculation1 cruelty1 & progressive     
society w\ld relapse into /]ility4      
,=tunately ! m9i/] c\ld n p]suade p to  
adopt ?is fatal policy4 ,=tunately1 9   
?is p>ticul>1 nigg>dl9ess w5t h& 9 h& ) 
common-s5se4  ,t ! *ur*es1 "u ! lead ( !
 m9i/]s1 h done a va/ deal 9 ! direction
 ( *>ity1 s f> f be+ d5i$ or disput$1 is
 cordially all[$ & ev5 ma9ta9$4 ,inde$1 
?is has be5 _! *ief function1 & !y h    
dis*>g$ x ) imm5se zeal & a/oni%+       
results4  ,b t x 0 an ideal pr(ession   
is1 z ,i said1 a recomm5dation to !     
m9i/ry4 ,x is a broad f\ndation =       

spiritual-m9d$ness1 = unworldl9ess4     
,true1 ! habit ( deal+ ) ab/ract topics1
 ( hold+ comm]ce ) purely speculative   
!mes1 ( ent]ta9+ m]e !ories :i* _c be   
v]ifi$1 ( go+ back to :at are call$ fir/
 pr9ciples1 imp>ts a curi\sly vague1    
dreamy1 imp]sonal1 impalpable "* to !   
m9i/]'s intellect1 r5d]+ x unfit to     
treat concrete que/ions ( life or       
morals2 = ?is reason he is n (t5        
successful z a man ( bus9ess1 a         
practical politician1 a manag] (        
affairs1 8 ca/ ( m9d disqualify+ him =  
close consid]ation ( details4  ,! duty (
 answ]+ unansw]able que/ions1 too1 (    
solv+ problems t are insoluble1 ( reply+
 positively to :at1 f ! nature ( ?+s1 he
 _c "k1 gives him a k9d ( +5uity :i* is 
n g5u9e insight1 b consi/s 9 subtle     
turn+s1 w9d+s1 9 mak+ f9e di/9ctions &  
splitt+ hairs1 & inv5t+ +5i\s           
int]pretations1 r ?an 9 ke5 insight or  
/raight=w>d analysis4 ,he mu/ seek ways 
( escape f 8 pursu]s1 &1 :5 no o!r (f]s1
 hide 9 ! ?icket ( my/]y or run up !    

tree ( fai?4 ,he mu/1 if possible1 h an 
explanation ready1 &1 if he has none1 he
 mu/ fall back on au?ority1 & be        
impressive1 address+ ! s5tim5t ( awe :i*
 is usually alive 9 e bosom1 or1 9 ! la/
 resort1 assev]at+ ! tru? ( revelation1 
& ?us sil5c+ ! debate he _c cont9ue4 ,if
 nei!r consci5ce is satisfi$1 8 own or 8
 int]locutor's1 !re is no rem$y save 9  
submission4 ,he makes no attempt to cle>
 up 8 conceptions1 or1 if he does1 ends 
at la/ 9 vacuity or discont5t4 ,8       
neighbor1 unconv9c$1 concludes t ?is is 
a cl]ical subt]fuge1 & s f> loses       
confid5ce 9 a pr(ession he _c und]/&4   
,probably he does n d x ju/ice1 b !     
effect is ! same1--a root$ depreciation 
su* z w\ld n be felt t[>ds a layman :o  
simply said t he _h no answ]4  ,! m9i/]1
 also1 is g5]ally committ$ to a         
conception ( ! univ]se z a product ( !  
,supreme ,w :i*1 makes him an apologi/4 
,he is1 aft] a fa%ion1 9 ! secret (     
,god4 ,he is suppos$ to deliv] messages 
& to utt] oracles4 ,8 is ! wisdom ( !   

,et]nal4 ,8 is ! ,bible4 ,8 are !       
te/imonies4 ,he mu/ foll[ ! ways ( ! ,_s
 & def5d ! div9e economy 9 ! con/itution
 ( ! _w4 ,b 9 ea* case1 e all[ance be+  
made = indef9it5ess1 = l>g5ess ( /atem5t
 & broadness ( exposition1 ! m9i/] mu/  
be a *ampion ( ! ,inf9ite ,wisdom &     
,goodness1 pl$g$ to ma9ta9 x aga9/ all  
oppon5ts2 & h[ev] cordially he may *oose
 t "p1 ! consci\sness ( be+ b\nd may act
 z a frett+ annoyance1 n to say a gall+ 
re/ra9t4  ,a s+ul> dogmatism (t5        
accompanies ?is claim to speak 9 ! "n ( 
! ,almighty2 ! m9i/] mu/ enunciate      
tru?s1 n deliv] op9ions4 ,an            
au?oritative tone gets into 8 voice1    
p]vades 8 mann]1 affects 8 :ole         
expression ( face1 is convey$ by 8 gait 
& walk1 s t he is kn[n at once f af>4   
,m5 hu% _! voices 9 8 pres5ce1 v5tilate 
?\ghts n natural to !m1 conceal _!      
actual s5tim5ts1 f a feel+ t he is to be
 def]r$ to1 n argu$ ) l ano!r man4 ,!   
tone ( ! pulpit animates 8 conv]sation &
 works into ! v /ructure ( 8 ?\ght4 ,he 

is always a prea*]4 ,! atmosph]e (      
,sunday hangs ab\t him4 ,he c>ries !    
,new ,te/am5t into ! p>lor2 unconsci\sly
 to himself he uses ! language (        
au?ority1 & f9ds to 8 mortification t he
 is ang]$ by dispute4  ,! duty (        
adm9i/]+ consolation to ! afflict$ adds 
to ?is vision>y frame ( m9d4 ,frequ5t   
int]c\rse ) ! suff]+1 sad1 & b]eav$1    
intimate comm]ce ) sick-b$s & graves1   
besides creat+ gho/ly dispositions1     
deep5s 8 ca/ ( ?\ght4 ,to com=t p "u    
disappo9tm5ts1 to smoo? ! rugg$ pa?1 to 
quiet ! p]turb$ he>t1 is a bus9ess to   
dis*>ge :i* all ! res\rces ( fai? are   
call$ into requisition1 & any means t w 
accompli% ! end 9 view are consid]$ z   
ju/ifiable4 ,9 ! ef=t to f9d com=table  
?+s to say1 ! temptation to say pleasant
 ?+s1 easy ?+s1 amiable ?+s1 to pres5t !
 k9dly aspect ( ,provid5ce1 & to indulge
 happy fancies 9 reg>d to human         
allotm5ts & de/9y1 is exce$+ly /rong2 s 
t "o may come at la/ to believe himself 
:at gives s mu* cont5tm5t to o!rs 9 !   

sev]e crises ( exi/5ce4 ,! lov+ he>t is 
9 p]il\s proximity to ! ?9k+ head4 ,all 
! sweete/ feel+s ( our nature1 ! wi% to 
console p1 to make !m pati5t1 tru/+1    
resign$1 *e]ful1 are br\ght 9 to re9=ce 
! fai? 9 a b5ignant purpose on ! "p ( ! 
,creator1 & an unque/ion+ disposition is
 enc\rag$ 9 ! spiritual physician z well
 z 9 ! /rick5 pati5t4  ,mr4 ,h5ry ,james
 says 7,sub/ance & ,%ad[1 p4 #bad73     
,prote/ant m5 & wom51 ^? :o h any       
(ficial or social consequ5ce 9 ! *ur*1  
are apt to exhibit a high-fl[n religi\s 
pride1 a spiritual flatul5ce & s\rness (
 /oma* :i* y d n f9d "u ! ,ca?olic      
adm9i/ration4 ,?is is /rong language1 b 
n too /rong consid]+ ! au?or's abhorr5ce
 ( exclusiv5ess1 sep>ation1 ,ph>isaism1 
& 8 id5tification ( ?is ) (ficial       
religion4  ,if humility is ! base ( all 
! virtues1 z x is commonly report$1 !n a
 pr(ession t directly favors pride is n 
productive ( ! highe/ type ( "*4 ,& if  
love1--k9dness1 bro!rhood1 fell[%ip1--is
 ! fulfilm5t ( ! law1 !n a call+ t puts 

desire 9 conflict ) duty is n conducive 
to unity or peace1 :e!r 9 ! private m9d 
or 9 ! collective h\sehold4 ,"*1 z      
naturally int]pret$1 consi/s ( an innate
 sup]iority to "o's fell[-m5 9 !        
qualities t glorify humanity1 purity1   
heav5ly-m9d$ness1 pati5ce1 e>ne/ness1   
tru?fulness1 s9c]ity4 ,"*1 z spiritually
 int]pret$1 consi/s ( ! cordial         
affiliation ) "o's fell[-m5 9 !         
qualities t unite ! atoms ( humanity 9  
love1 compassion1 humility1 =giv5ess1   
sympa?y4 ,b ! high] view has n prevail$ 
9 my exp]i5ce2 let me repeat1 9 ! mo/   
emphatic language at my comm&1 my       
conviction t m9i/]s z a body d n succumb
 to ! temptations ?us app>5tly incid5t  
to _! pr(ession4  ,x is commonly suppos$
 t ! intellectual "p ( ! m9i/]'s        
labor--! mak+ ( ! s]mons--is mo/ sev]e4 
,x is imag9$ t ! task ( address+ ! same 
audi5ce e ,sunday mu/ be exce$+ly       
ardu\s4 ,?is is a mi/ake4 ,!re is a     
facility ( "w 9 e pr(ession4 ,! m9d     
becomes accu/om$ to runn+ 9 c]ta9       

grooves1 to go+ ?r\gh ! same process (  
?9k+1 to apply+ ! same rules to _m      
details ( practice4 ,! long] "o's       
cont9uance 9 ! m9i/ry1 ! easi] ?is      
becomes4 ,exp]i5ce accumulates4 ,!mes   
multiply4 ,novel sugge/ions occur4 ,new 
?\ghts arise4 ,fre% books are writt54   
,s+ul> que/ions are propos$4 ,problems  
pres5t fre% aspects4 ,! old int]e/s     
rema9 9 all _! =ce4 ,m5 nev] tire he>+  
ab\t ,god1 ,immortality1 ,de/9y4 ,9     
tru?1 ! intellectual difficulties become
 less & less appall+ until at la/ !y    
disappe>4 ,! real ef=t is to keep alive 
! feel+s ( humanity2 to ov]come !       
incl9ation t[>ds sep>ation into classes2
 to avoid di/+ui%+ betwe5 p]sons2 to    
keep love gl[+2 to ma9ta9 ! supremacy ( 
s\l2 to id5tify spirituality ) cu/om4 ,!
 prea*+ is subord9ate n to ! private    
practice alone1 b to ! religi\s attitude
 t[>ds mank9d1 :i* is condition$ on     
*>ity & ! recognition ( human wor? &    
son%ip4 ,! mo/ beautiful trait 9 ! pa/or
 is 8 univ]sality1 8 simple1 unaffect$  

manhood4  ,b en\gh ( criticism4 ,x is a 
privilege to belong to a pr(ession      
occupi$ ) ?+s e!real2 to be int]e/$ 9 ! 
gr&e/ !mes2 to hold int]c\rse ) ! l(tie/
 m9ds2 to live alo( f ! _w2 to put !    
happie/ con/ructions on ! ev5ts ( human 
life2 to int]pret ,provid5ce b5efic5tly4
 ,& x is my firm p]suasion t 9          
proportion z ! pr(ession ?r[s (f !      
?raldom ( ecclesia/icism & dogmatism1 x 
increases 9 p[] & is sure to recov] its 
anci5t sup]iority4     ,,xii4 ,,my      
,,tea*]s4   ,among ,engli%m51 ,i owe !  
mo/ to ,james ,m>t9eau1 at ! "t ( my    
ord9ation 7#ahdg71 a ,unit>ian cl]gyman 
9 ,liv]pool4 ,8 lectures 9 ! ,unit>ian  
controv]sy 7#ahci7 on ,*ri/ianity )\t   
,prie/ & )\t ,ritual1 on ,! ,*ri/ian    
,view ( ,moral ,evil1 on ,! ,bible3 ,:at
 ,x ,is & ,:at ,x is ,n2 8 articles on  
,di/9ctive ,types ( ,*ri/ianity1 on     
,cre$s & ,h]esies ( ,e>ly ,*ri/ianity1  
on ,! ,e?ics ( ,*ri/5dom1 on ,! ,cre$ ( 
,*ri/5dom1 on ,/4 ,paul & ,8 ,mod]n     
,/ud5ts1 made a pr(\nd impression on my 

m9d4 ,"o passage 9 p>ticul>1 at ! close 
( ! essay on ,! ,e?ics ( ,*ri/5dom1 /ill
 l+]s 9 my memory3       ,! old         
antagonism betwe5 ! _w t n[ is & any o!r
      t has be5 or is to come1 has be5  
modifi$1 or has entirely      ceas$4444 
,"h is ! spot1 n[ is ! "t = ! mo/       
devot$ s]vice ( ,god4 ,no /ra9s ( heav5 
w wake man into      pray]1 if ! common 
music ( humanity /irs him n4 ,!         
sa9tly company ( spirits w ?rong ar\nd  
him 9 va9 if he      f9ds no angels (   
duty & affection 9 8 *ildr51 neighbors1 
& fri5ds4 ,if no heav5ly voices w&]     
ar\nd him 9 !      pres5t1 ! future w be
 b ! dumb *ange ( ! %ad[ on      ! dial4
 ,9 %ort1 high] /ages ( exi/5ce are n ! 
refuge      ( ?is1 b ! complem5t to x2 &
 x is ! prop] wisdom (      ! affections
 n to escape ! "o 9 ord] to seek ! o!r1 
b to fl[ =? 9 purify+ copi\sness on bo?4
  ,m>t9eau's intellectual fidelity1     
accurate le>n+1 e>ne/ness ( feel+1 7    
exce$+ly fasc9at+4  ,9 ?is c\ntry ,ralph
 ,waldo ,em]son 0 ! great tea*]4 ,he    

gave an atmosph]e r ?an a dogma4 ,he 0  
air & light4 ,he is be/ describ$1 n z a 
philosoph]1 a man ( lett]s1 a poet1 b z 
a se]4 ,8 gift 0 t ( insight4 ,?is he   
tri$ to r5d] compreh5sive1 se>*+1       
intellig5t1 accurate1 by read+1 /udy1   
m$itation1 ! acqua9tance ( di/+ui%$ m52 
b he 0 nev] beguil$ into ?9k+ t le>n+1  
eloqu5ce1 wit1 con/itut$ 8 peculi>ity4  
,he _h a p5etrat+1 eag]1 que/ion+ look4 
,8 head 0 ?ru/ out z if 9 que/ ( k4 ,8  
gaze 0 /eady & int5se4 ,8 spee* 0       
laconic & to ! purpose4 ,8 direct mann] 
sugge/$ a wi% = clos] acqua9tance ) !   
m9d4 ,8 v c\rtesy1 :i* 0 inv>iable &    
exquisite 9 its way1 _h an air ( inquiry
 ab\t x4 ,!re 0 no v>ni%1 no /udi$ grace
 ( motion or demeanor1 no manife/ desire
 to please1 b a k9d ( wi/fulness z ( "o 
:o took y at y\r be/ & want$ to draw x  
out4 ,he acco/$ ! s\l1 & ) ! w9n+       
p]suasiv5ess :i* befits fri5dl9ess on   
human t]ms4 ,!re 0 a c]ta9 %yness :i*   
indicat$ ! mode/y :i* is born ( ! _s4   
,b a comm&+ do] he c]ta9ly 0 n2 t is1 he

 0 no man ( exp$i5ts1 ( practical       
res\rces1 ( m]ely executive w4 ,he      
appreciat$ ?is k9d ( ability1 z 8       
lecture on ,napoleon %[s1 b he possess$ 
little ( x1 8 ,yankee +5uity be+ m      
conf9$ 9 its range4 ,! moral c\rage     
belong$ to him1 ! e>ne/ness1 ! fai?1 b 8
 e!real qualities lack$ driv+ =ce4 ,8   
pr9ciples made him int]e/$ 9 e movem5t (
 re=m1 = he _h a b\ndless hope :i* l$   
him sometimes into extravagant          
anticipations ( tru? & b5efit4 ,e sign (
 life1 intellectual1 moral1 spiritual1  
caught 8 eye1 & s long z x promis$ new  
developm5ts ( p[] 8 eag] sympa?y w5t )  
x1 b :5 ! creative p]iod ceas$ he turn$ 
away4 ,he e>ly enli/$ 9 ! anti-slav]y   
cause1 n because he _h entire confid5ce 
9 ! negro1 or specially lik$ !          
abolitioni/s1 b because he dem&$ ! utmo/
 lib]ty = all m5 9 ord] t sub/antial    
advantages might be widely %>$2 b he 0 n
 prom95t among ! work]s ( t re=m4 ,8 "n 
/ood =emo/ 9 ! li/ ( ^? :o claim$ !     
emancipation ( woman f social or        

political disability1 n t he 0 a work] 9
 ! woman's-rights phalanx1 n t he look$ 
= any imm$iate b5efit f t agitation1 or 
felt any p>ticul> int]e/ 9 ! lead]s or 9
 ! success ( t individual crusade1 b t  
he 0 9 favor ( ! l>ge/ opportunity = all
 human be+s1 & wi%$ e p>ticle ( p[] to  
be us$4 ,f ! fir/ he welcom$ ! ,free    
,religi\s ,association z giv+ promise ( 
orig9al light1 great] bread?1 fre%      
vigor1 new revelations ( k 9 t mo/      
ideal1 b mo/ deplorably limit$1 ( all   
sph]es2 b :5 9 8 view t promise 0       
unfulfill$1 ?\gh 8 "n /ill /ood ) ^? (  
its vice-presid5ts1 he ceas$ to take any
 "p 9 its proce$+s or to feel any       
p]sonal conc]n 9 its affairs4 ,!re 0    
some?+ !oretical1 speculative1 9 8      
attitude z a re=m]4 ,8 philosophy pl$g$ 
him to ! utmo/ individualism1 & ?is     
call$ = ! utmo/ lib]ty1 t ea* might     
receive all he c\ld ( ! div9e fulness & 
be z mu* z 8 nature requir$4 ,h5ce 8 own
 limit$ expectation2 h5ce 8 en?usiasm 9 
behalf ( individuals l ,walt ,:itman1   

,john ,br[n1 ,h5ry ,?oreau2 h5ce ! light
 t came into 8 eyes :5 he sat 9 "s re=m 
conv5tion :]e high ?\ghts 7 spok54 ,8 ^w
 0 giv51 & x 0 always inspir+1          
emancipat+1 uplift+1 he>d 9 ! valleys f 
! dizzie/ heights ( vision2 b =ce 0 n 8 
to give4 ,su* words 7 m ?an half        
battles1 to be sure1 s invigorat+ 7 !y  
to all ! *ampions ( good causes1 b !y 7 
words /ill1 & seem$ to proce$ f "s upp] 
region ( imp]sonal m9d4 ,!y express$    
convictions1 feel+s1 desires1 b !re 0   
lack ( blood 9 !m4 ,!y seem$ made ( air2
 !re 0 s\l beh9d !m1 b n z mu* body z _m
 wi%$4 ,9 a ^w1 all ! ideal elem5ts 7   
pres5t4 ,he 0 a man :o believ$1 felt1   
hop$1 _h va/ res\rces ( fai?1 b 0 a ?9k]
 m ?an an actor4 ,?9k+ is inde$ do+1 yet
 n 9 ! same sph]e ( a*ievem5t4  ,em]son 
recogniz$ ! limitations ( g5ius4 ,life  
is a scale ( degrees1 he says 9 !       
lecture on ! ,uses ( ,great ,m54        
,betwe5 rank & rank ( our great m5 are  
wide int]vals4 ,mank9d      h 9 all ages
 atta*$ !mselves to a few p]sons :o1    

ei!r      by ! quality ( t idea !y      
embodi$1 or by ! l>g5ess (      _!      
reception1 7 entitl$ to ! position (    
lead]s &      lawgiv]s4444 ,) ea* new   
m9d a new secret ( nature transpires2   
nor c ! ,bible be clos$ until ! la/     
great man is born4444 ,we      cloy ( ! 
honey ( ea* peculi> greatness4 ,e h]o   
becomes a      bore at la/4444 ,we      
balance "o man ) 8 opposite1 & !        
heal? ( ! /ate dep5ds on ! see-saw4     
,em]son looks =w>d to ! "t :5 all s\ls  
%all lie op5 to ! heav5ly influx1 & he  
reg>ds greatness z an e>ne/ ( t         
possibility4 ,:at disappo9tm5ts he mu/ h
 felt z he 0 =c$ to turn away f p :o    
%\ld h be5 sa9ts & h]oes1 b 7 none6 ,:at
 bitt] mom5ts he mu/ h kn[n :5 he /ret*$
 out 8 arms to welcome a goddess &      
embrac$ only a cl\d6 ,b 8 expectations  
cont9u$ eag]2 no feature betray$ evid5ce
 t ^! practical refutations ( 8 !ory _h 
effect on 8 he>t4  ,:e!r ,em]son's      
con/ant belief 9 ! ,ov]-s\l1 8 /ubborn  
!ism1 8 p]suasion ( an imman5t ,god1 0  

an advantage or a disadvantage to 8     
philosophical view ( ! univ]se may be   
d\bt$4 ,on ! "o h&1 we _c "q ! fact t he
 ow$ to x 8 en?usia/ic fai? 9 !         
sub/antial unity ( creation1 8 optimism1
 8 assurance ( future progress1 8       
confid5ce 9 man1 8 moral e>ne/ness1 8   
elevation ( s\l1 8 buoyancy ( _s1 8     
=w>dness 9 all endeavors aft] re=m4 ,on 
! o!r h&1 x c h>dly be d5i$ t x l$ him  
to take "s ?+s = grant$1 div]t$ 8 m9d f 
! unprejudic$ obs]vation ( ph5om5a1     
prev5t$ 8 r5d]+ full ju/ice to !        
sci5tific me?od1 0 ! cause ( wide       
ab]rations 9 8 e/imates ( human "*1 & ( 
a curi\s onesid$ness 9 8 judgm5ts on    
human condition4  ,em]son 0 always      
pr(\ndly religi\s1 at he>t a            
sup]naturali/4 ,! blood ( c5turies (    
pi\s ance/ors 0 9 8 ve9s4 ,8 s\l 0      
upp]mo/1 n 8 intellect nor 8 he>t4 ,he 0
 a closet man1 a m9i/] at ! alt>4 ,true1
 he reject$ e =m ( ! religi\s s5tim5t1 &
 mov$ ) entire fre$om among dogmas h[ev]
 express$ 9 ^w or 9 rite4 ,e attempt at 

giv+ voice to spiritual emotion 0       
disagreeable to him4      ,i l a *ur*2  
,i l a c[l2     ,i l a prophet ( ! s\l2 
,& on my he>t mona/ic aisles     ,fall l
 sweet /ra9s or p5sive smiles2     ,yet 
n = all 8 fai? c see     ,w\ld ,i t c[l$
 *ur*man be4  ,!ology _h fall5 f him l a
 %r\d4 ,he w\ld n v5ture any def9ition (
 ! spiritual laws4 ,doctr9e _h become   
fai?2 pray] 0 *ang$ into aspiration2 !  
spee*less utt]ance 0 ! only "o he       
cordially li/5$ to4 ,b fai? he held fa/2
 aspiration he *]i%$2 ! in>ticulate     
language ( ! et]nal 0 ev] 9 8 e>s4  ,ev]
 & anon w\ld come a bur/ ( conviction4  
,oh1 my bro!rs1 ,god exi/s6 he cries 9  
an ec/asy ( emotion4 ,"s ye>s ago       
,em]son seem$ fasc9at$ by ! inductive   
me?od1 s t "s ( 8 admir]s ?\ght he w\ld 
become a conv]t to physical sci5ce4 ,b !
 b5t ( 8 nature ass]t$ itself1 & he     
pursu$ ! d$uctive sy/em z be=e4 ,8      
passion = ,fir/ ,tru?s1 z !y 7 call$1 0 
irresi/ible4 ,he c\ld n ab&on !         
philosophy ( intuition1 & all 8         

/udies--compreh5sive1 pr(\nd1 & orig9al 
z !y 71--8 insatiable ?ir/ = k1 8       
inord9ate appetite = details ( fact1    
incid5ts1 anecdotes1 glean+s f lit]ature
 ( e k9d1 7 subs]vi5t to ?is4  ,em]son's
 s]5ity is (t5 spok5 ( z evid5ce ( ! p[]
 ( 8 religi\s fai?4 ,x may all[ ( ?is   
con/ruction1 b x may be acc\nt$ = on o!r
 & diff]5t gr\nds :i* lie ne>] at h& &  
proce$ imm$iately f m obvi\s s\rces4 ,h[
 f> may a long ance/ral exp]i5ce 9 dev\t
 m$itations1 practices1 long+s1 work$   
into ! sy/em & produc+ a s$ate1 calm1   
int]ior temp]am5t1 g 9 expla9+ t almo/  
imp]turbable tranquillity8 ,! piety ( 8 
=efa!rs 0 s g5u9e t x drove him f ! *ur*
 ( 8 adoption1 & r5d]$ ano!r call+      
sacr$4 ,_! desc5dant exhibit$ ! same    
sa9tl9ess :i* !y possess$ b 9 a diff]5t 
fa%ion4 ,& he 0 probably sa9tli] ?an !y 
71 because he 0 _! *ild4 ,8 bro!rs _h ! 
same *>act]i/ic ( equanimity by virtue (
 ! same p>5tage4 ,8 bro!r ,william1 :om 
,i knew intimately 9 ,new ,york1 %[$ 9 8
 daily life a simil> dignity1 &         

tradition reports ! same ( ,*>les4 ,x 0 
! p]fect fruitage ( c5turies (          
heav5ly-m9d$ m51 n ! peculi>ity ( an    
individual s\l4  ,?is pr$isposition to  
inw>dness 0 favor$ by ! long seclusion (
 ,concord1 :i* kept ,em]son alo( f ! _w 
& prev5t$ ! friction :i* is s damag+ to 
s]5ity4 ,he saw ^? only :o respect$1    
lov$1 honor$1 & rev]$ him4 ,he came into
 collision ) none4 ,m5 ( ?\ght1         
unambiti\s m51 /ud5ts1 f>m]s1 7 8       
fell[-t[nsm54 ,sev]al h\rs 9 ea* day he 
0 alone ) 8 books or 8 m9d4 ,:5 he      
visit$ ! city x 0 = an intellectual or  
social purpose1 z "o :o _h dropp$ f a />
 & 0 soon to vani%4 ,8 contact 0 ) m5 ( 
lett]s1 cl]gym51 publi%]s1 fri5ds1      
g5tlem5 int]e/$ 9 m5tal pursuits :o _h  
left _! bus9ess 9 ord] to disport       
!mselves 9 ! fields ( ?\ght4 ,^! add$ to
 8 /ores ( wisdom1 & s5t him home       
repl5i%$ r ?an dra9$4 ,! ga9s ( 8 day 7 
n dissipat$ ei!r by bus9ess occupation  
or pleasure4  ,!n1 :e!r f disposition or
 philosophy we _c tell1 ?is man avoid$  

ev]y?+ d>k1 evil1 un:olesome1           
unpleasant4 ,sickness ( all k9ds1       
compla9t1 depression1 melan*oly1 0 an   
abom9ation to him4 ,he turn$ away f ugly
 sights & s\nds1 ?us evad+ conflict4 ,he
 nev] argu$1 nev] discuss$1 b said 8 ^w 
z well z he c\ld1 & enc\rag$ o!rs to say
 !irs1 9 ?is way hop+ to get at ! tru?4 
,by ?is c\rse he escap$ ! usual         
provocations to ill-temp]1 & 0 =c$ ^u an
 undi/urb$ equipoise ( m9d4 ,no?+ helps 
s]5ity s mu* z avoidance ( conte/1 & :5 
"o c ?or\ghly conv9ce himself t !re is  
no root$ evil 9 ! _w to be f\ght aga9/1 
an ev5 condition ( s\l is n h>d to      
ma9ta92 optimism is prov]bially *e]ful1 
b an optimism t is gr\nd$ 9 pr9ciple mu/
 be unconqu]able by any =ce t           
circum/ances c br+ aga9/ x4  ,x mu/ be  
rememb]$ t ,em]son 0 n a man ( w>m      
temp]am5t1 n tropical 9 color or 9 heat2
 m l ! morn+1 cool & breezy1 ?an l !    
sultry noon-day1 or ! gl[+ ev5+2 m l !  
dewy spr+1 ?an ! effulg5t summ] or !    
fruit-be>+ autumn2 n a *ild ( ! sun1 r  

sugge/+ ! /ill1 :ite1 imag9ative        
moonlight4 ,!re 0 an air ( remot5ess    
ab\t him4 ,8 rem>k to ! inn-keep]1--heat
 me r$-hot1 tells ! /ory4 ,simple habits
 kept 8 frame wiry1 & a ,new ,engl&     
nurture sav$ 8 m9d f luxuriant          
uncleanness4 ,by nature he 0            
passionless4 ,! beautiful ,?r5ody on !  
dea? ( 8 boy1 reveals ! sorr[ ( a so>+  
m9d r ?an ! grief ( a cru%$ he>t4 ,to   
comm& "o's self en\gh = su* an ef=t     
ev9ces a r>e p[] ( ris+ above mortal    
conditions4 ,su* a con/itution f9ds     
solitude cong5ial & is calm by =ce (    
incl9ation4 ,fri5d%ip seems an emotion  
bett] suit$ ?an love to t e!real s\l1   
:i* 0 always radiant b seldom burn+1    
b5ignant1 seldom crav+1 always graci\s 9
 imp>t+1 seldom hungry = receiv+4 ,"o   
might walk 9 8 illum9ation1 b "o c\ld   
h>dly bask 9 8 heat1 or lie on 8 bosom1 
or ne/le ne> 8 he>t4 ,!y t knew him at  
home may speak m w>mly ( him1 b ?us he  
appe>$ to p outside2 ?us he appe>$ to _m
 :o _h admir$ him z ,i did & tri$ to get

 close to him4  ,! love ( wild1 untrimm$
 nature1 ! want ( int]e/ 9 cultivat$    
g>d5s1 0 "p ( 8 !ory ( ! univ]se z !    
expression ( ,god2 ! ri*]1 ! less x 0   
int]f]$ )4 ,he w\ld approa* z ne> to !  
,creator z possible1 li/5+ = ! div9e    
voice1 :i* 0 mo/ cle>ly he>d 9 !        
wild]ness4 ,to ! same s\rce mu/ be      
ascrib$ 8 p>tiality = wild1 untra9$     
m51--=e/]s1 hunt]s1 pione]s1 trapp]s1   
back-woodsm54 ,he s\ght ev]y:]e aft]    
orig9ality1 fre%ness1 p[]1 9 individuals
 & 9 gr\ps4 ,he hail$ a g5ius1 h[ev]    
r\gh4 ,unconv5tionality excit$ 8        
en?usiasm to su* a degree t he c\ld     
sc>cely conta9 himself1 b said ! mo/    
extravagant ?+s 9 ! ec/asy ( 8 hope4 ,m5
 ( poli%$ outside he did n c>e =2       
me*anical m51 h[ev] successful1         
politicians1 h[ev] popul> & adroit1 7 8 
av]sion4 ,accompli%m5ts1 h[ev] great1   
s*ol>%ip h[ev] f9i%$1 he did n respect4 
,he want$ ! r\gh1 uncut gem4 ,g5ius (   
:atev] description1 9 :atev] class1     
:atev] its ord] or grade1 0 8 joy4 ,9   

him ! love ( tru? pr$om9at$4 ,he        
submitt$ to ! inconv5i5ce ( imp]fect    
op9ion1 b respect$ ! highe/ law ( 8 be+4
 ,he believ$ 9 ! et]nal laws ( m9d1 9 ! 
self-exi/5ce ( "r1 9 purity1 v]acity1   
goodness4 ,he 0 "o ( ! mo/ hone/ ( m51  
"o ( ! cleane/1 & he did 8 utmo/ to br+ 
8 life into correspond5ce ) 8 be/ ?\ght4
 ,t all creat$ ?+s mu/ be imp]fect 0 "p 
( 8 cre$2 t ?is imp]fection ran ?r\gh   
human "* he 0 z mu* conv9c$ z any man2 &
 8 ef=ts 7 unceas+ to turn m5's eyes    
t[>ds ! beauty anci5t b ev] new1 :i* he 
9 8 mom5ts ( insight beheld4 ,no "o     
lives up to 8 mo/ exalt$ fai?4 ,no "o   
ev] endeavor$ to d s m s9c]ely & humbly 
?an ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son4  ,9 my e>ly  
m9i/ry1 ! disc\rses ( ,dr4 ,orville     
,dewey on ,human ,nature1 ,human ,life1 
,! ,nature ( ,religion1 seem$           
all-suffic+4 ,i read !m ov] & ov] aga9 )
 increas+ admiration1 & 8 solutions (   
spiritual problems 7 accept$ z f9al4    
,miss ,m>y ,dewey1 9 ! admirable memoir 
( h] fa!r1 lays great /ress on 8        

affectionate qualities4 ,^! _c be too   
emphatically ass]t$2 yet !y probably _h 
m scope ?an ev5 %e suspect$4 ,inde$1    
unless ,i am mu* mi/ak51 !y =m$ ! basis 
( 8 "*4 ,he 0 a mo/ deep-feel+ man4 ,he 
lov$ 8 fri5ds 9 & out ( ! pr(ession1 ) a
 loyal1 he>ty1 oblig+1 w>m1 & ev5 t5d]  
emotion1 express+ itself 9 ^w & de$4 ,x 
0 ov]fl[+1 n 9 any s5tim5tal mann]1 b 9 
a manly1 s9c]e way4 ,he 0 a man (       
inf9ite good-w1 ( a q b\ndless k9dness4 
,8 voice1 8 expression ( face1 8 smile1 
! grasp ( 8 h&1--all gave sign ( x4 ,he 
felt ?+s ke5ly2 8 s5sibilities 7 mo/    
acute2 ev5 8 ?\ghts 7 suffus$ ) emotion4
 ,he c\ld n discuss speculative !mes z  
if !y 7 cold or dry4 ,no?+ 0 arid to 8  
m9d4 ,9 pray] x 0 n unusual = 8 audi5ce 
to disc]n te>s roll+ d[n 8 *eeks4 ,"o   
day1 9 8 /udy1 on speak+ ab\t !         
intellectual implications ( !           
,philosophie ,positive1 he dropp$ 8 head
 & seem$ = a mom5t lo/ 9 rev]ie l>gely  
made up ( devotion4 ,9 him1 he>t 0      
upp]mo/2 intellect1 consci5ce1 7 (      

subord9ate value :5 tak5 alone2 9 fact1 
!y 7 incomplete by !mselves1 & want$ _! 
prop] sub/ance4 ,he said once t 8 sk9 0 
s delicate t ! lea/ soil on 8 h&s 0 felt
 all ?r\gh 8 sy/em & prev5t$ him f      
work+4 ,?is excessive s5sibility1 :i*   
c\ld n be und]/ood by ! _w at l>ge1 0 at
 ! bottom ( 8 likes & dislikes1 ( 8     
p]sonal fe>s & hopes4 ,excitem5t dra9$  
(f 8 /r5g?4 ,he exhau/$ himself         
physically1 & fell into ill-heal? by    
ex]tions t w\ld n h tax$ an ord9>y      
con/itution4 ,x co/ him a great deal to 
write s]mons1 to visit ! sick or sorr[+1
 to conduct public s]vices4 ,at ! same  
"t1 he 0 disqualifi$1 by a c]ta9 want ( 
/eel 9 8 blood1 = any b ! cl]ical       
pr(ession1 :]e qualities l 8 are (      
ine/imable value1 & ( ! r>e/ k9d4 ,he 0 
a m9i/] f ! beg9n+1 always pr(\ndly     
int]e/$ 9 que/ions ( ! int]ior life1 &  
?\gh he e>ly left ! or?odox communion & 
became a prea*] ( ,unit>ian ,*ri/ianity1
 mak+ x 8 "w to apply religi\s ideas to 
all ! conc]ns ( ! natural _w & ! secul> 

life1 he reta9$ all ! f]vor ( _s t      
*>at]iz$ ! mo/ dev\t believ]4 ,a ve9 (  
passionate feel+ ran ?r\gh all 8        
disc\rses1 & :ile 8 !mes 7 tak5 f daily 
exi/5ce1 8 ?\ghts 7 fix$ on et]nity4 ,he
 0 absorb$ 9 ! de/9y ( ! human s\l1 ( ! 
individual s\l1 br++ all discussions to 
t po9t1 & try+ to make la/+ impressions 
on ! spiritual natures ( m5 & wom54  ,:5
 ,i fir/ knew him he _h ! reputation (  
be+ a self-indulg5t man4 ,?is 0 a great 
mi/ake4 ,8 way ( life 0 exce$+ly simple1
 & 8 habits 7 almo/ ab/emi\s4 ,9 fact1  
nei!r 8 physical nor 8 m5tal con/itution
 all[$ ( any indulg5ce 9 eat+ or dr9k+4 
,/ill ! impression 0 a natural "o1 = a  
c]ta9 am\nt ( ease1 exemption f c>e1    
gayety1 0 necess>y to him4 ,! society ( 
elegant1 accompli%$ p 0 indisp5sable to 
8 recreation & re/4 ,8 motive = seek+   
su* 0 n ! love ( luxury s mu* z a dem& =
 recreation & a crav+ = repose4 ,he 0 n1
 9 any s5se1 an e>?y man or "o :o lov$  
s5sual delights4 ,on ! contr>y1 he 0    
always m9dful ( 8 call+1 always int5t on

 high subjects1 always ready to lead    
int]c\rse upw>ds1 always1 to ! ext5t ( 8
 p[]1 int]e/$ 9 ! moral aspect ( curr5t 
discussions2 ov]-anxi\s1 if any?+1 to   
approa* speculative !mes4 ,he possess$  
an eag]1 unre/+1 que/ion+ m9d4 ,he 0    
always ?9k+1 & on great subjects (      
!ology or philosophy1 & he put into !m  
an am\nt ( feel+ t is extraord9>y )     
intellectual m54  ,t he %\ld h be5 s    
s5sitive z he 0 to ! words & suspicions 
( anti-slav]y m5 :o *>g$ him ) be+ an   
advocate ( a fugitive-slave law1 an     
apologi/ = slav]y1 a ready tool ( !     
inhuman1 reaction>y p>ty ( ! c\ntry1 is 
n surpris+4 ,8 dread ( pa91 8 hatr$ (   
falsehood1 8 horror ( inju/ice1 8 love (
 fair play1 w suffici5tly acc\nt = ?is2 
:ile ! impossibility ( expla9+ himself  
kept ! w\nd op54 ,t = ?irty ye>s ! sore 
%\ld h bl$1 %[s ! delicacy ( 8 temp]am5t
 & ! %r9k+ nature ( 8 w4 ,to speak ( him
 z a fri5d ( slav]y is absurd4 ,no "o c 
read 8 s]mon on ,! ,slav]y ,"q1 prea*$  
%ortly aft] ! annexation ( ,texas & at a

 mom5t ( great excitem5t at ! ,nor? 9   
reg>d to ! advances ( ! slave-p[]1 & n  
p]ceive t he 0 deeply mov$4  ,are ^! p  
,,m58 he said2 t is ! "q4 ,if !y are m51
 x w n d to make !m in/rum5ts = m]e     
conv5i5ce1--= ! m]e tillage ( !         
soil2--if !y are m51 x is n en\gh to say
 t !y h a sort ( animal fre$om f c>e1 & 
joyance ( spirits4 ,if !y are m51 !y are
 to be cultivat$2 _! faculties are to be
 reg>d$ z preci\s2 !y are to be         
improv$4444 ,if he is a man1 !n he is n 
only improvable & ought to be improv$1 b
 he w improve 9 spite ( all we c d4 ,& a
 great deal m to ! same effect4 ,he     
indignantly prote/$ aga9/ treat+ an     
intellig5t creature1 a fell[-be+1 a     
bro!r-man1 a be+ capable ( indef9ite    
expansion & immortal progress1 z "o w\ld
 treat a tree1 a fl[]1 an ox1 or a      
horse4 ,grant t ! ,african ( ! pres5t   
g5]ation _c be rais$ to our /ature2 yet 
if 9 ! c\rse ( ages he may be1 & if x is
 our policy sy/ematically to arre/ or to
 ret>d 8 gr[?1 does ! case mat]ially    

diff] f :at ,i h suppos$8 ,namely t ( a 
*ild4 ,dr4 ,dewey visit$ slave-,/ates & 
talk$ ) slave-hold]s 9 ord] to make     
himself fully acqua9t$ ) ! condition (  
op9ion & ( feel+ ab\t ! case1 & he took 
occasion ev]y:]e to argue ! ,nor!rn     
side4 ,?is ought to be en\gh 9 ! way (  
v9dication ( 8 p]sonal s5tim5ts4  ,at ! 
same "t1 he 0 a ,unioni/ ( ! ,web/]     
s*ool4 ,8 atta*m5t to ! ,union 0 int5se4
 ,disunion 9 8 judgm5t meant ceaseless  
discord1 ! end ( republican in/itutions1
 ! arre/ ( civilization1 ! indef9ite    
po/ponem5t ( progress1 ! hopelessness ( 
education & uplift+ = ! slave1 ! )drawal
 ( ,nor!rn influ5ce1 ! f9al ov]?r[ (    
gov]nm5t by moral p[]s4 ,a long reign ( 
an>*y1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* ! lov]s ( ! race 
mu/ see _! visions ( good disappe>1 w\ld
 sup]v5e1 & ?is he c\ld n contemplate ) 
equanimity4  ,!n he 0 an old-fa%ion$    
enemy ( w>1 especially ( civil w>4 ,he 0
 a s9c]e lov] ( peace1 & a believ] 9 !  
arts ( peace1 9 indu/ry1 education1 !   
diffusion ( intellig5ce1 ! weav+ ( !    

ties ( frat]nity2 & ?\gh he ackn[l$g$ ! 
h]oic mission ( /rife1 he recoil$       
in/9ctively f x4 ,w>1 9 8 e/imation1 0  
an inevitable necessity 9 ! ord] ( ! _w1
 b x 0 an awful elem5t 9 ! _w problem2 a
 fe>ful sc\rge1 a condition to be       
outgr[n along ) vice1 passion1 inju/ice1
 selfi%ness1 ambition1 a sign t is de/9$
 to disappe> z intellig5ce & ,*ri/ianity
 come 94 ,x mu/ be submitt$ to z an     
ord9ation ( ,provid5ce1 b x %\ld nev] be
 precipitat$ by m51 lea/ ( all %\ld x be
 br\ght on ha/ily1 by unreasonabl5ess1  
malignity1 or hate4 ,! evils ( w> 7     
precisely su* z appeal$ mo/ directly to 
8 imag9ation2 !y 7 s p]sonal1 !y 7 s    
dome/ic1 !y 7 s pitiable1 !y 7 s full ( 
te>s4 ,he %rank f viol5ce1 f rage1 f    
p>ty ambition1 f curses & cries4 ,he    
lov$ 8 c\ntrym51 &1 s long z any reason 
rema9$1 he c\ld n be> to ?9k ( fight+4  
,s long z any oil 0 left 9 ! c1 ! tr\bl$
 wat]s 7 n to be ab&on$ by !            
peace-mak]s4 ,x 0 mu* = him to h pati5ce
 ) ^? :o us$ angry words1 ev5 9 a cause 

( righte\sness4 ,he1 = 8 "p1 c\ld n     
scold or ov]/ate1 or d any?+ 9 a h>%    
temp]4  ,dr4 ,dewey believ$ 9           
colonization2 n necess>ily 9 ,africa1 b 
9 a sep>ation betwe5 ! :ite & black     
races1 9 ! civilization ( ! negro4 ,9 ! 
t5? lecture ( ! c\rse on ,! ,problem (  
,human ,de/9y 7#ahfd71 he takes occasion
 to welcome ! great hope t ?us 0 op5$ = 
purg+ our ,am]ican soil f ! /a9 (       
slav]y4 ,_m ( u h long be5 ask+ h[ ?is  
is to be done4 ,look at ,africa1        
surr\nd$ by a wall ( d>kness1 & fill$ ) 
cruelty & blood1 ) no civiliz+ influ5ce 
9 h]self1 z ! /ory ( ages has prov$2 :at
 n[ d we see8 ,brita9 s5ds to h] bord]s 
! man-/eal]1 to te> h] *ildr5 f h] bosom
 & transport !m to ! ,am]ican colonies4 
,x 0 a de$ ( unm+l$ atrocity1 comp>$ )  
:i* capture 9 w> 0 g5]\s & honorable2 ! 
,african ,k+ ( ,dahomey gr[s :ite by !  
side ( ! ,saxon slave-trad]4 ,b :at     
foll[s8 ,! ,african p 9 ?is c\ntry      
improve1 & are n[ f> advanc$ beyond _!  
k9dr$ at home4 ,& n[ !y beg9 to return2 

!y are build+ a /ate on _! native bord]s
 :i* promises to /op ! slave trade )    
,africa & to spread light & civilization
 ?r\gh h] d>k solitudes4 ,at ! close ( 8
 disc\rse on ! slav]y "q1 he said3      
,if ,i 7 to propose a plan to meet !    
duties & p]ils ( ?is      trem5d\s      
em]g5cy t presses ^u u1 ,i w\ld engage !
 :ole      p[] ( ?is nation1 ! will+    
co-op]ation ( ! ,nor? & !      ,s\?1 if 
x 7 possible1 to prep>e ?is p = fre$om2 
&      !n ,i w\ld give !m a c\ntry      
beyond ! m\nta9s1--say !                
,cali=nias1--:]e !y might be a nation by
 !mselves4 ,ah6 if      ! millions ^u   
millions sp5t ^u a ,mexican w> c\ld be  
devot$ to ?is purpose1--if all ! en]gies
 ( ?is c\ntry c\ld      be employ$ = su*
 an end1--:at a noble spectacle 7 x =   
all ! _w to behold1 ( help & r$emption  
to an enslav$      p6 ,:at a purify+ &  
ennobl+ m9i/ration = ourselves6  ,!     
intimacy ) ,dr4 ,*>m+ re-in=c$ !        
conclusions :i* 7 native to ,dr4        
,dewey's temp]am5t4 ,! mod]ate view1 !  

dread ( ov]/atem5t1 ! fe> ( fanaticism1 
! fai? 9 reason1 ! love ( tranquillity1 
! desire aft] tru?1 7 root$ 9 8 m9d4 ,8 
con/itutional cons]vatism 0 confirm$4   
,!n he 0 a ,unit>ian1 & !re=e rational 9
 8 me?ods1 incl9$ to judge by argum5ts1 
to sift op9ions by ! und]/&+4 ,!        
abolitioni/s 71 = ! mo/ "p1 ei!r        
,calv9i/s or transc5d5tali/s1 p :o      
foll[$ an inw>d voice1 :o plac$ int]ior 
conviction be=e ratioc9ation1 & enc\rag$
 moral s5tim5t to take ! lead 9 action1 
bl[+ coals into a flame1 & n cont5t     
unless !y saw a blaze4 ,! ,unit>ians1 z 
a class1 7 n ard5t disciples ( any moral
 cause1 & took pride 9 be+ reason]s1    
believ]s 9 education1 & 9 g5]al social  
influ5ce1 9 ! progress ( k1 & ! uplift+ 
( humanity by means ( ideas4 ,! habit ( 
disc\nt5anc+ passion may h be5 fo/]$ 9 a
 s*ool l ?is4 ,p]haps if "y ,dewey _h   
cont9u$ 9 8 old belief he w\ld h be5 a m
 vehem5t re=m] ?an he 04 ,8 natural gl[ 
0 s(t5$ d[n into a mild effulg5ce1      
communicat+ w>m? to 8 convictions1 b n  

produc+ a burn+ zeal = any sub/ance (   
doctr9e4  ,8 p[] ( emotion made him a   
p[]ful prea*] b prev5t$ 8 be+ a great   
philosoph]4 ,dr4 ,bell[s1 :o 0 8 close  
fri5d = _m ye>s1 describ$ him z a man ( 
massive intellectual p[]1 & !n w5t on to
 impute to him ! gifts t belong to !    
pulpit orator3 poetic imag9ation1 a r>e 
dramatic faculty ( repres5tation4       
,p]haps by massive ,dr4 ,bell[s meant ! 
p[] to ?r[ ?\ghts 9 a mass1 ) cumulative
 effect4 ,?is p[] ,dr4 ,dewey c]ta9ly   
possess$ 9 an extraord9>y degree4 ,b (  
philosophical tal5t he _h little4       
,inde$1 he seem$ to be consci\s ( ?is   
himself4 ,at ! end ( 8 fir/ lecture be=e
 ! ,l[ell ,in/itute he said3       ,i am
 n sorry t ! place & occasion require me
 to make ?is      a popul> !me4 ,i am n 
to speak = philosoph]s1 b = !      p4 ,i
 wi% to meet ! que/ions :i* arise 9 all 
m9ds t      h awak$ to any degree (     
reflection ^u _! nature &      be+1 & ^u
 ! collective be+ ( _! race4 ,i h hop$  
t ,i %\ld escape ! *>ge ( presumption by

 ! humbl5ess (      my attempt--!       
attempt1 t is to say1 to popul>ize a !me
      :i* has hi!rto be5 ! doma9 (      
s*ol>s4  ,! lecture assumes ! exi/5ce ( 
a ,p]sonal ,god1 ! reality ( a consci\s 
s\l1 ! fre$om ( ! human w1 ! fact ( a   
moral purpose 9 creation1 !             
p]fectibility ( man1 ! idea ( progress1 
! evid5ce ( design 9 ! univ]se atte/+ a 
div9e intellig5ce4 ,! treatm5t n[h]e %[s
 metaphysical acum5 or speculative      
insight4 ,on e page is brilliancy1      
eloqu5ce1 skilful manipulation (        
argum5ts1 f]v5t appeal to consci5ce4    
,n[h]e is subtilty or dep? ( intuition4 
,take = example ! disc\rse on ,!        
,problem ( ,evil1 ! mo/ intellectually  
exact+ ( all subjects4 ,x ends ?us aft] 
a s]ies ( pictures3       ,give me      
fre$om1 give me k1 give me bread? (     
exp]i5ce2      ,i w\ld h x all4 ,no     
memory is s hall[$1 no memory is s      
de>1 z t ( temptation nobly )/ood1 or ( 
suff]+ nobly      endur$4 ,:at is x t we
 ga!r & g>n] up f ! solemn      /ory ( !

 _w1 l its /ruggles1 its sorr[s1 its    
m>tyrdoms8 ,come to ! great battle1 ?\  
wre/l+1 glori\s1      m>r$ nature6 /rong
 nature6 weak nature6 ,come to ! great  
battle1 & 9 ?is mortal /rife /rike =    
immortal victory6 ,!      highe/ ,son ( 
,god1 ! be/ belov$ ( ,heav5 t ev] /ood  
^u      e>?1 0 made p]fect ?r\gh suff]+4
 ,& sweet] %all be      ! cup ( immortal
 joy1 = t x once 0 da%$ ) bitt]         
drops ( pa9 & sorr[2 & bright] %all roll
 ! ev]la/+      ages1 = ! d>k %ad[s t   
cl\d$ ! bir?-"t ( our      be+4  ,?is is
 n argum5t1 b prea*+--- v f9e1 /imulat+1
 p[]ful prea*+1 b prea*+ nev]!less2 q   
diff]5t f ,james ,m>t9eau's treatm5t ( !
 same !me1 9 ! c\rse ( ! ,liv]pool      
lectures 7deliv]$ 9 #ahci74 ,mr4        
,m>t9eau1 too1 address$ a popul>        
assembly1 & clos$ 8 disc\rse 9 a /ra9 ( 
exhortation4 ,/ill1 ! grave tone ( !    
previ\s discussion sob]$ ! rhetoric1 & !
 backgr\nd ( ! anci5t debate made !     
moral lessons solemn4 ,philosophy yield$
 to ! necessities ( e?ics1 mu* z !      

,kritik d] ,re95 ,v]nunft gave place to 
! ,kritik d] ,practis*5 ,v]nunft (      
,kant--! prea*] & ! reason] /&+ inde$ on
 diff]5t gr\nd1 b ! moral in/ruction be+
 temp]$ by ! philosophical4  ,orville   
,dewey 0 a great prea*]1 p]haps !       
greate/ t ! ,unit>ian communion has     
produc$2 great] z a prea*] ?an ,dr4     
,*ann+1 because m v>i\s & m sympa!tic1  
ne>] to ! popul> he>t1 less inspir$ by  
gr& ideas1 & = t reason m mov+4 ,he 0   
imbu$ ) ,*ann+'s fundam5tal ?\ght--!    
,dignity ( ,human ,nature1--& illu/rat$ 
x ) a weal? ( imag9ation1 en=c$ x by an 
urg5cy ( appeal1 quick5$ x by an        
afflu5ce ( dramatic repres5tation all 8 
own4 ,8 function 0 to apply ?is doctr9e 
to e incid5t ( life1 to politics1       
bus9ess1 art1 lit]ature1 society1       
amusem5t1 & he did ?is ) a boldness1 a  
fre$om1 a frankness unusual at any "t1 b
 )\t example :5 he 0 9 ! m9i/ry4 ,i %all
 nev] =get1 9 "o ( 8 s]mons1 an allusion
 to a symphony ( ,bee?ov5 :i* gave me a 
new conception ( ! ess5tial humanity ( !

 pulpit's (fice1 ( ! close association t
 !re 0 betwe5 religion & art4 ,8        
conv]sational /yle1 impassion$ b n /ilt$
 & nev] turgid1 0 exce$+ly impressive1  
:ile 8 con/ant employm5t ( ! =ms (      
reason+ add$ weight to 8 s5t5ces4 ,!    
disc\rse 0 pla91 & yet f its copi\sness 
x 0 ornate2 & ! affectionate tone assum$
 an air ( grave remon/rance :i* 0 deep5$
 9 effect by ! appe>ance ( =mal logic4  
,! he>] seem$ to be admitt$ to ! secrets
 ( a liv+1 e>ne/ m9d1 & to be li/5+ to  
some?+ m ?an ! usual enunciations (     
e?ical pr9ciple4 ,at ! same "t 8 own w 0
 consult$1 he 0 tak5 into p>tn]%ip ) !  
orator & introduc$ to ! processes (     
conviction4 ,8 /ate ( feel+ 0 consid]$1 
8 objections 7 met1 8 scruples answ]$1 8
 argum5ts confront$4 ,he 01 9 %ort1     
treat$ l a rational be+1 to be reason$  
)1 n to be look$ d[n ^u4  ,dr4 ,dewey 0 
always a fri5d ( lib]al ?\ght4 ,!re are 
no m significant pages 9 8 daught]'s    
memoir ( him ?an ^? :i* conta9 8        
correspond5ce ) ,mr4 ,*adwick1 "o ( !   

mo/ radical ( ,unit>ian div9es4 ,he 0   
himself a /ud5t ( div9ity at ,&ov]1 e>ly
 conv]t$ to ,unit>ianism1 became an     
assi/ant & w>m fri5d ( ,dr4 ,*ann+1 b   
in/ead ( rema9+ /ation>y 9 dogmatic     
fai?1 took a rational view ( all        
religi\s que/ions1 favor$ ! l>ge/       
lib]ality1 & welcom$ e ef=t to adapt    
spiritual ideas to actual k4 ,he _h no  
dogmatic prepossessions1 & no           
pr(essional fe>s4 ,:at he ask$ = 0      
s9c]ity c\pl$ ) e>ne/ness4 ,?is be+     
giv51 conclusions1 )9 c]ta9 limits1 (   
c\rse1 7 ( little mom5t4 ,!odore ,p>k]  
us$ to sadd5 & irritate him1 b less on  
acc\nt ( 8 op9ions ?an on acc\nt ( 8    
pugnaci\s mann] 9 express+ !m4 ,p>k] r  
despis$ him = :at he reg>d$ z 8 "t-s]v+ 
disposition1 & c\ld n und]/& 8 m5tal    
delicacy2 b m5 :o ?\ght z ,p>k] did 7   
ev5 !n on ! be/ t]ms ) ,dr4 ,dewey1 ^:  
mell[ness1 on ! :ole1 increas$ in/ead ( 
dim9i%+ ) age1 & 0 greate/ 9 8 decl9+   
ye>s4  ,he 0 a man fond ( p]sonalities2 
ev5 9 8 addresses on ! greate/ !mes1 he 

w\ld if possible n>r[ ! subject d[n to !
 measure ( individual application4 ,?us 
:5 lectur+ on ,! ,problem ( ,evil1 aft] 
submitt+ v>i\s consid]ations1 he adds3  
,broad & va/ & imm5se z t problem may   
appe>1 x is aft]      all1 9 actual     
exp]i5ce1 purely individual4444 ,! tru? 
is1      nobody has exp]i5c$ m ( x ?an y
 or ,i h1 or might      h1 exp]i5c$4 ,) 
reg>d to all ! intr9sic difficulties (  
! case1 x is z if "o life _h be5 liv$ 9 
! _w2 &      s9ce no man has liv$       
ano!r's life1 or any life b 8 own1      
!re has be5 to actual individual        
consci\sness b "o life      ( ?irty1    
sev5ty1 or a hundr$ ye>s liv$ on e>?4 ,!
 problem      really comes )9 t         
compass4444 ,if ,i c solve ! problem (  
exi/5ce = myself1 ,i h solv$ x =        
ev]ybody2 ,i h solv$      x = ! human   
race4444 ,d y & ,i f9d any?+ 9 ?is our  
life t makes u prize x1 any?+ t makes u 
feel t we      _h r h x ?an h x n8      
,d\btless we d & o!r m5      d2 all m5  
d4  ,?is passage illu/rates well !      

t5d5cy to p]sonal ref]5ce t di/+ui%$ !  
man4 ,9 a disc\rse on w> deliv]$ be=e ! 
,peace ,society he resolves its mis]ies 
into ^? ( ! individual1 z if            
mass--affect+1 z x does1 nations1       
civilizations1 humanity itself--c\nt$ = 
no?+4 ,?is t5d5cy expla9s 8 fondness = 8
 fri5ds1 8 /r5g? ( sympa?y1 8 t5acity ( 
atta*m5t1 8 love = p4 ,x does n betok5 a
 broad1 deep1 philosophic m9d1 b x does 
betok5 a w>m1 cl++1 affectionate nature4
  ,x made him too a *>m+ feature 9      
society1 a delightful talk]1 an easy1   
graceful1 delectable companion1 an      
int]e/$ advis] & c\nsellor1 a belov$    
p]son 9 8 family1 an excell5t t[nsman4  
,we %\ld be grateful = ?is1 t "o has    
liv$ to irradiate a some:at sad         
pr(ession1 to w>m ! bleak spaces (      
mortal exi/5ce1 to ?r[ a gleam (        
gladness ^u ! sunless problems ( human  
de/9y4 ,x is a great deal to be assur$ t
 a liv+ he>t has walk$ ) u1 & t a liv+  
voice has proclaim$ ! he>t-side ( man's 
lot4     ,,xiii4 ,,my ,,companions4     

,^! 7 _m1 b mo/ ( !m are liv+ & _c1     
!re=e1 be spok5 (4 ,!re is an advantage 
9 writ+ ab\t ! dead1 = !y _c prote/     
aga9/ ! h&some ?+s y say1 & !y _c       
remon/rate aga9/ ! unh&some ?+s4 ,i %all
 on ?is acc\nt *oose b two1 ) :om ,i 0 v
 intimate1 & :o are v ne> to my he>t4 ,i
 %all give sket*es ( ,john ,weiss &     
,samuel ,johnson1 & fir/ ( ,john        
,weiss499      99 ,repr9t$ f ! ,unit>ian
 ,review ( ,may1 #ahhh4  ,?is man 0 a   
flame ( fire4 ,he 0 g5ius unalloy$ by   
t]re/rial consid]ations2 a _s lamp      
always burn+4 ,he _h an ov]fl[ ( n]v\s  
vitality1 an excess ( spiritual life t  
c\ld n f9d v5ts en\gh = its dis*>ge4 ,z 
8 figure comes be=e me x seems t ( "o :o
 is m ?an half transfigur$4 ,8 l>ge     
head2 8 ample br[2 8 great1 d>k eyes2 8 
sable-silv]$ be>d & full m\/a*e2 8 gray 
hair1 ?ick & close on top1 ) ! /range   
l9e ( black b5ea? x1 l a fillet ( jet2 8
 ?91 pip+1 p5etrat+1 t5u\s voice1 t     
trembl$ z x convey$ ! torr5t ( ?\ght2 ! 
rapid1 sudd5 mann]1 sugge/+ sometimes ! 

l>k & sometimes ! eagle2 ! small b s9ewy
 body2 ! delicate h&s & feet2 ! s5sitive
 t\*1 feel+ impalpable vibrations &     
detect+ movem5ts ( intellig5ce )9 !     
folds ( organization 7!y say he c\ld    
tell ! "* ( a great writ] by hold+ a    
seal$ lett] f 8 h&71--all indicat$ a    
half-disembodi$ s\l4 ,8 spok5 addresses 
& writt5 disc\rses confirm ! impression4
  ,i fir/ met him at ! meet+s ( !       
,hook-&-,ladd]199 a m9i/]ial club ( :i* 
we bo? 7 memb]s4 ,at ! h\se ( ,?omas    
,/>r ,k+1 9 ,bo/on1 he read a s]mon on !
 supremacy ( ! spiritual elem5t 9 "*1   
:i* impress$ me z few pulpit utt]ances  
ev] did1 s f9e 0 x1 s subtle1 yet s     
massive 9 conviction4 ,illu/rations t he
 us$ /ay by me n[1 aft] ! lapse ( m ?an 
=ty ye>s4 ,i next he>d him 9 ,new ,b$=d1
 at ! in/allation ( ,*>les ,l[e1 :51 9  
ill-heal? & feeble1 he gave1 9 sub/ance1
 ! disc\rse on ,mat]ialism1 aft]w>ds    
publi%$ 9 ! volume on ,immortal ,life4  
,x /ruck me !n z exce$+ly able2 & x     
d]iv$ =ce f ! int5se e>ne/ness ( its    

deliv]y1 z by "o :o c\ld look into !    
invisible _w1 & c\ld speak no light ^w  
or consult transi5t effects4 ,_m ye>s   
lat]1 ,i li/5$1 9 ,new ,york1 to 8      
lectures on ,greek ideas1 ! ke5e/       
int]pretation ( ! anci5t my?s1 ! mo/    
pr(\nd1 lum9\s1 sympa!tic1 ,i h met )4  
,he _h ! faculty ( read+ betwe5 ! l9es1 
( appreh5d+ ! hidd5 mean+1 ( sett+ ! old
 /ories 9 ! light ( univ]sal ideas1 (   
light+ up allusions4 ,! lecture on      
,prome!us ,i rememb] z especially       
radiant & inspir+2 b !y 7 all rem>kable 
= positive sugge/ions ( a v noble k9d4  
99 ,we copy f a private lett] ! foll[+  
acc\nt ( !     orig9 ( ?is club & ( its 
grotesque "n1 :i* has lo/1 alas6     its
 significance to ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,9 ! 
ye> #ahdd 7,i     ?9k x 07 a few ( u "y 
m9i/]s =m$ a club1 includ+     ,*>les   
,brigham1 ,edw>d ,hale1 ,john ,weiss1 ) 
"o or two eld]s1 z     ,dr4 ,h$ge &1    
lat]1 ,o4 ,b4 ,fro?+ham1 ,/>r ,k+1 ,w4  
,r4 ,alg]1     ,william ,b4 ,gre5e1 &   
o!rs4 ,we w5t long )\t a "n1 9 spite    

( my urg5t appeals z ,secret>y1 till "o 
f9e day1 at ,george ,r4     ,russell's  
h\se 9 ,we/ ,roxbury1 9 an aft]-d9n]    
frolic1 ,weiss     turn$ ! g>d5-eng9e   
hose ^u a fell[-memb] & dr5*$ him     f 
head to foot2 ^u :i* escapade x 0       
unanim\sly agre$ to     call ourselves !
 ',hook-&-,ladd]1' by :i* "n ! memory ( 
x     is fondly kept among u to ?is day4
 ,a simil> old] frat]nity _h     gone by
 ! "n ( ! ',railroad ,association1' &1 9
 imitation1     :5 x 0 propos$ to borr[ 
a title f "s l l9e (     indu/ry we1 on 
?is sudd5 :im1 *ose ! fire-dep>tm5t4  ,8
 g5ius 0 em95tly religi\s4 ,n1 inde$1 9 
any cu/om>y fa%ion1 nor aft] any usual  
way4 ,he belong$ to ! ,rationali/s1 0 a 
,prote/ant ( an extreme type1 an av[$   
adh]5t ( ! mo/ advanc$ views1 a speak]  
on ! ,free ,religi\s plat=m1 a writ] = !
 ,massa*usetts ,qu>t]ly1 & = ! ,radical4
 ,8 0 a purely natural1 sci5tific1      
spiritual fai?1 unor?odox to ! la/      
degree1--logically1 hi/orically1        
critically1 s5tim5tally s1--s on        

pr9ciple & ) fix$ purpose4 ,! accept$   
!ory ( religion excit$ 8 indignation1 8 
scorn1 8 amazem5t1 & 8 mir?4 ,he c\ld   
brook no dogmatic limitations1 ev5 ( !  
mo/ lib]al sect1 b w5t on & on1 pa/ all 
b>ri]s1 fac+ all adv]s>ies1 confront+ e 
difficulty1 & re/+ only :5 !re 0 no?+ m 
to discov]4 ,he _h an agoniz$ impati5ce 
to "k :atev] 0 to be kn[n1 to get at !  
ultimate data ( assurance4 ,no?+ less   
w\ld satisfy him4 ,8 cup ( joy 0 n full 
till he c\ld t\* ! bottom4 ,!n x        
ov]fl[$1 & !re 0 glee z ( a /rong swimm]
 :o is sure ( 8 tide4 ,8 exultation is  
almo/ pa9ful1 z he welcomes fact aft]   
fact1 feel+ m & m positive1 ) ea* new   
demon/ration ( sci5ce1 t ! adv5t (      
c]ta9ty 0 by s mu* ne>]4 ,evid5ce t to  
mo/ m9ds seem$ fatal to belief 01 9 8   
sight1 confirmatory ( x1 z r5d]+ its ne$
 m cle> & m imp]i\s4 ,we ne$ be afraid (
 no?+ 9 heav5 or e>?1 :e!r dreamt ( or n
 9 our philosophy4 ,! position ( !i/ic  
naturalism entitles x n to be afraid (  
all ! sci5tific facts t c be produc$4   

,!re is dignity 9 du/ t rea*es any =m1  
because x ev5tually betrays a =m+ p[]1 &
 ceases to be du/ by %>+ x4 ,x is a     
wond] to me t s*ol>s & cl]gym5 are s    
skitti% ab\t sci5tific facts4 ,we owe a 
debt to ! sci5tific man :o c %[ h[ _m   
moral cu/oms result f local & e?nic     
exp]i5ces1 & h[ ! consci5ce is ev]y:]e  
capable ( inh]itance & education4 ,he _c
 br+ u too _m facts ( ?is description1  
because we h "o fact too mu* = him2     
namely1 a lat5t t5d5cy ( consci5ce to   
repudiate inh]itance & e exp]i5ce (     
utility1 to fly 9 its face ) a =eca/ ( a
 transc5d5tal utility t supplies ! _w ) 
its r$eem]s1 & cont9ually drags x out ( 
! snug & accurate adju/m5t ( selfi%ness 
to :i* x arrives4 ,!re is a great deal  
to ! same purpose4 ,9 fact1 ,mr4 ,weiss 
_c say en\gh on ?is head4 ,he accepts ! 
doctr9e ( evolution 9 its :ole l5g? &   
bread?4 ,( :at consequ5ce is x :5ce !   
liv+ matt] is d]iv$8 ,we are n appall$  
at ! possibility t organic matt] may be 
made out ( non-liv+1 or1 m prop]ly1     

inorganic matt]4 ,we are n]v$ = su* a   
result1 :e!r x occur 9 ! laboratory or 9
 nature1 by ! conviction t ! spiritual  
functions are no m imp]ill$ by us+ matt]
 9 any way1 ?an t ! ,creator haz>d$ 8   
exi/5ce by orig9at+ matt] 9 "s way to be
 us$ by himself & by u4 ,sci5ce does me 
?is ine/imable b5efit ( provid+ a       
univ]se to support my p]sonal id5tity1  
my moral s5se1 & my feel+ t ^! two      
functions ( m9d _c be kill$4 ,its       
d5ials1 no less ?an its affirmations1   
set free all ! facts ,i ne$ to make my  
body an expression ( m5tal indep5d5ce4  
,h&-9-h& ) sci5ce ,i g1 by ! /eps (     
developm5t back to ! dawn ( creation2 &1
 :5 !re1 we review all ! =ces & _!      
comb9ations t h help$ u to arrive1 & bo?
 ( u toge!r break into a confession ( a 
=ce ( =ces4  ,?is cordial sympa?y )     
sci5ce1 ?is abs5ce ( all savor ( a      
polemical _s1 ?is he>ty welcom+ ( e fact
 ( anatomy & *emi/ry1 is v noble &      
inspir+4 ,x is v wise1 too1 ?\gh !      
noble1 he>ty side 0 alone attractive to 

him4 ,he _h 9 view no o!r1 be+ a        
s+le-m9d$ lov] ( tru?4 ,b1 nev]!less1 he
 c\ld n h adopt$ a m politic c\rse4 ,=  
?us he propitiat$ ! scepticism ( ! age1 
/ruck 9 ) ! prevail+ curr5t1 dis>m$     
opposition1 & erect$ 8 own pr9ciples on 
! em95ce :i* sci5tific m5 h rais$ & :i* 
!y _c build too high = 8 purposes4 ,he  
d\bles on 8 pursu]s1 & fairly flanks 8  
foes4 ,?is ?r[s ! labor ( refut+ him on 
! ideali/s1 :o may n c>e to become      
responsible = 8 positions1 & may demur  
to conclusions he arrives at1 :ile !y _c
 b applaud 8 g5]al aims1 & wi% !y c\ld  
give positive ass5t to all 8 specific   
doctr9es4 ,!re 0 always ?is discrepancy 
betwe5 8 s5tim5t & 8 logic2 b x came out
 mo/ conspicu\sly 9 8 elaborate         
argum5ts4  ,! burd5 ( 8 exposition 0 !  
exi/5ce ( an ideal sph]e1 q di/9ct f    
visible ph5om5a2 facts ( consci\sness   
atte/+ p]sonality1 a moral law1 an      
intellig5t cause1 an active consci5ce1 a
 liv+ he>t2 ord]1 beauty1 h>mony1       
humanity1 self-=getfulness1 self-d5ial4 

,z he /ates x3       ,i claim1 aga9/ a  
/rictly logical empirical me?od1 ?ree   
classes      ( facts3 fir/1 ! au!ntic   
facts ( ! ,moral ,s5se1 :5ev]      x    
appe>s z ! transc5d] ( ! ripe/ av]age   
utility2      second1 ! facts ( !       
,imag9ation1 z ! anticipator ( m5tal    
me?ods by p]vad+ ev]y?+ ) p]sonalty1 by 
imput+ life      to objects1 or by      
occasional direct sugge/ion2 ?ird1 !    
facts (      ! ,h>monic ,s5se1 z !      
reconcil] ( discrete & app>5tly         
sund]$ objects1 z ! prophet & arti/ (   
numb] &      ma!matical ratio1 z !      
unifi] ( all ! cont5ts ( ! s\l      into
 ! acclaim :i* rises :5 ! law ( unity   
fills ! sc5e4      ,^u ^! facts1 ,i     
*iefly su/a9 myself aga9/ ! !ory        
:i*1 :5 x is consi/5tly expla9$1 d]ives 
all possible      m5tal functions f !   
impacts ( objectivity4  ,if ,mr4 ,weiss 
_h /opp$ ) ?is g5]al !sis1 he w\ld      
probably h c>ri$ mo/ ,rationali/s1      
c]ta9ly ! mass ( ,transc5d5tali/s1 )    
him4 ,!y w\ld h be5 only too glad to    

welcome s cle> & brilliant a *ampion4 ,b
 he insi/$ on ga!r+ up ^! conceptions   
into two po9ts ( doctr9e--,god &        
,immortality4 ,on ^! po9ts 8 argum5ts   
become /ra9$1 & too subtle = ord9>y     
m9ds4 ,inde$1 _m w be incl9$ to suspect 
8 :ole exposition1 :i* w\ld be a        
mis=tune ( a v grave "*4 ,mr4 ,em]son   
avoid$ all def9ite ass]tion ( p]sonality
 c>ri$ beyond ! limits ( individuality 9
 ! pres5t /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,mr4 ,weiss is
 m d>+1 & proclaims a ,god :o arranges  
creation z x is1 & an immortality t     
drops :at to mo/ p con/itutes _! highly 
valu$ possessions--namely1 _!           
animalities ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,:at w mo/ m5 
?9k ( a ,god :o takes 8 *ances1 :o 9    
planet-sc5]y & animal life is at 8 play1
 :o puts up 9 8 div9e laboratory cur>e &
 /ry*n9e1 & _c recognize ! ^w disa/]1   
?\gh he makes ! ?+8 ,to h[ _m w an      
immortality be conceivable t c belong   
only to immutable ideas1 t only spr+s f 
! vital necessity ( _! own s\ls1 t is a 
cl++ to ! brea/ ( ev]la/+ law8  ,to tell

 ! tru?1 ! argum5ts !mselves = ?is r    
que/ionable result ( idealism are       
some:at unconv9c+1 n to say fanciful4   
,!y are *iefly ( a dogmatic k9d1 t may  
be met ) c\nt] affirmations1 equally    
valid4 ,_m ( !m are /at$ 9 a symbolical 
or poetical or illu/rative mann]1 ! mo/ 
dang]\s ( all me?ods4 ,examples ( ?is   
might be multipli$ indef9itely4 ,i _h   
m>k$ sev]al = confirmation1 b !y 7 too  
long = quotation4 ,"o in/ance ( 8 mode (
 reason+ may be giv5993       ,x is     
object$ t no ?\ght & feel+ h ev] yet be5
      display$ indep5d5tly ( c]ebral    
condition2 !y mu/ h      bra91 ei!r to  
orig9ate or to ann\nce !m4 ,if bra9 be  
s\rce      or in/rum5t ( human          
consci\sness1 :at pres]ves x :5 !       
bra9 is dead8 ,b !re w\ld h be5 no      
univ]se on su* t]ms      z t4 ,:at      
suppli$ inf9ite m9d ) its prelim9>y s9e 
qua      non ( bra9 matt]8      99 ,x   
occurs 9 ,am]ican ,religion1 p4 #adi4   
,b1 surely1 if ?is is an argum5t at all1
 if x does n beg ! v "q 9               

debate--namely1 :e!r !re is an inf9ite  
m9d1--is x n an argum5t = a!ism8 ,= ei!r
 ! exi/+ univ]se fully expresses ,deity1
 9 :i* case ,deity is some?+ less ?an   
inf9ite2 or ,deity mu/ be conceiv$ z v  
imp]fect1 & a progressive1 t5tative     
,div9ity is no bett] ?an none4  ,to be  
sure1 he says3 ,we attribute ,p]sonality
 to ! div9e ,be+1 because we _c o!rwise 
ref] to any s\rce ! ph5om5a t %[ ,w &   
,intellect4 ,t is to say1 we yield to a 
logical necessity4 ,to argue t          
mat]ialism reeks ) immortality because !
 balde/ negation is n m]ely a v]bal     
contradiction ( an affirmation1 b a     
contribution to its probability1--= x   
te/ifies t !re 0 some?+ previ\sly tak5 =
 grant$1--is really a play ^u words1    
inasmu* z ! d5ial is simply an          
affirmation ( c]ta9 facts1 & by no means
 a categorical decl>ation involv+ all ! 
facts at issue4 ,by claim+ none b       
relative k1 ! anti!sis is remov$4  ,"o  
is consci\s ( a suspicion t ! au?or's   
trem5d\s ov]fl[ ( n]v\s vitality _h mu* 

to d ) ! vehem5ce ( 8 p]suasions4 ,he   
himself c\nt5ances su* a suspicion4 ,i  
confess1 he decl>es1 to an all-p]vad+   
in/9ct ( p]sonal cont9uance1 c\pl$ ) a  
lat5t1 haunt+ feel+ t !re is a po9t     
some:]e 9 human exi/5ce1 z !re has be5 9
 ! pa/1 :]e animality controls ! fate ( 
m54 ,:]e is t po9t8 ,we recoil f e ef=t 
to draw ! l9e4 ,he _h a v /rong s5se (  
p]sonality1 ) its inevitable ref]5ce (  
p]si/5cy4 ,to u1 p]haps1 he cries1 9 a  
k9d ( angui%1 no ?\ght c\ld be s        
dreadful1 no surmise s h>r[+1 z t we    
might slip into non5tity4 ,we impetu\sly
 repel ! haunt+ d\bt4 ,we %ut ! eyes1 & 
c[] be=e ! gobl9 9 abject dread until x 
is gone4 ,) ! beauty-lov+ & full-blood$ 
,claudio1 we cry1--      ,oh1 b to die1 
& g we "k n :]e4  & he quotes ! re/ ( ! 
fam\s passage 9 ,measure = ,measure1    
add+ = himself3 ,put u any:]e1 b only   
let u live2 & we c\ld feel ) ,le>1 :5 he
 says to ,cordelia1--                   
,come1 let's away to prison4         ,we
 two alone w s+ l birds i' ! cage4      

,!n1 too1 !re come to u ! t5d] & ov]p[]+
 mom5ts      :5 we c no long] put up )  
be+ sep>at$ f belov$      objects1 :o   
tore at ! gra9 ( our life :5 !y w5t away
      else:]e1 ) portions ( x cl++ to   
!m4 ,we mu/ h !m      aga94 ,%all life  
be /abb$ & no ju/ice comp5sate ^!       
sick5+ dripp+s ( ! s\l 9 h] secret      
fa9tness8 ,! old      famili> faces h   
regi/]$ 9 our he>ts a contempt = graves 
& burials4 ,n s *eaply c we be tak5 91  
:5 ! lo/ life      lies quick 9 memory  
/ill1 & cries aga9/ ! insults :i*       
mortality wreaks on love4  ,is n ?is an 
exclamation ( temp]am5t8  ,john ,weiss 0
 ess5tially a poet4 ,8 pages are        
saturat$ ) poetry4 ,8 v argum5ts are    
express$ 9 poetic imag]y4 ,to take two  
or ?ree examples3       ,"o :o rides f  
,s\?-we/ ,h>bor to ,b> ,h>bor 9 ,mt4    
,des]t      w see a grove 9 :i* ! p9es  
/& s close t all !      bran*es h )]$   
two-?irds ( ! way up ! trunks1 & are    
no?+ b dead /icks1 brok5 & dangl+4 ,b e 
tree be>s      close1 ea* to ea*1 its   

ev]gre5 cr[n2 & !y seem to make a       
floor = ! day to walk on4 ,?is pavem5t =
 ! feet ( heav51      m preci\s ?an !   
fanci$ "o ( ! ,new ,j]usalem1 /ret*es   
all r\nd ! _w1 above ! ?ickets ( our    
sp9y egotism1 :]e      p run up into !  
only coh]5ce ^u :i* x is safe =         
,deity to tread4  ,or ?is ab\t ! poet's 
inspir$ h\r3       ,?r\gh flat &        
unpr(itable mom5ts1 a poet is wait+ = ! 
next cons5t ( 8 imag9ation4 ,! b$ ( e   
gift1 t lately      sp>kl$ or ?und]$ z !
 fre%et ( ! hills s5t its      surprises
 d[n1 lies empty1 wait+ = ! ma/] passion
 to op5      ! sluice :5 x he>s ! /eps (
 com+ waves4 ,! poet's      nature /ra9s
 aga9/ ! dumb gates ( 8 body & 8 mood4  
,) p[] & long+ he he>s !m op51 & is brim
 full aga9      ) ! rhy?m t collects f !
 :ole face ( ,nature1--!      hillside1 
! rav9e1 ! drift+ cl\d1 ! vapors j      
arriv$      f ! ocean1 ! drops t fl[]s  
nod ) to flavor !      /ream1 ! human   
smiles t colonize bo? banks ( x4 ,all   
passions1 all delights hurry to possess 

8 ?\ght1 cr[d into !      prec9cts ( 8  
p]son1 pa9 him ) ! tumult 9 :i* !y      
(f] him ob$i5ce1 rem9d him ( 8 la/ joy 9
 _!      companion%ip1 & w n let him g  
till he ennobles !m by      bur/+ into  
expression4 ,relief fl[s d[n ) e p]fect 
^w2 ! conge/$ s\l ble$s into ! lyric & !
 canto2 !      poet's burd5 becomes     
light-he>t$1 & ! supreme mom5t ( 8      
travail1 :5 x breaks 9 %[]s ( 8 emotion1
 cools &      com=ts him2 he mu/ die or 
express himself4 ,all ! blood 9 !       
e>?'s art]ies is runn+ ?r\gh 8 he>t2 all
 ! />s 9 !      sky are set 9 8 bra9's  
dome4 ,?is light & life mu/ be          
dis*>g$ into a ^w1 & ! poet re/or$ to   
heal? & peace      aga94  ,or ! foll[+  
rhapsody ab\t heal?3       ,:at a       
religi\s ec/asy is heal?6 ,its free /ep 
claims e      mead[ t is glad ) fl[]s2  
its bubbl+ spirits fill ! cup      (    
wide horizons & drip d[n _! brims2 its  
?ankfulness is !      pray] t takes     
possession ( ! sun by day & ! />s by    
night4 ,e danc+ memb] ( ! body :irls (f 

! s\l to      tread ! measures ( great  
feel+s1 & ,god he>s p say+3      ,h[    
preci\s also are ?y ?\ghts1 h[ great is 
! sum ( !m6      ,:5 ,i awake1 ,i am    
/ill ) !e4 ,yes1--:5 ,i awake1 b n      
be=e2 n :ile ! bra9 is saturat$ ) n]v\s 
blood1 till      x falls into comatose  
doctr9es1 & goes maund]+ ) its          
attack ( m$iatorial piety & grace2 n    
:ile a /oma* deprav$      by fri$ food1 
apo!c>y's drugs1 & iron-clad pa/ry 7t   
t>get imp5etrable by dige/ion7 supplies 
! con/itution )      its vale ( te>s1   
ru9 ( mank9d1 & bett] luck h]eaft]4 ,:5 
all my ve9s fl[ unob/ruct$1 & lift to ! 
level ( my eyes      ! daily gladness t 
f9ds a gate at e pore2 :5 !      roam+  
gifts come home f ,nature to turn ! bra9
 into a hive      ( cells full ( yell[  
sun%9e1 ! spoil ( all ! *alices (      !
 e>? b5ea? & ! heav5s above1--!n ,i am !
 subject (      a ,revival ( ,religion4 
,or ^! passages ab\t music1 ( :i* he 0  
always a devot$ lov]1 a passionate      
admir]1 an excell5t critic4 ,my fir/    

extract is us$ to illu/rate ! doctr9e ( 
evolution1 & sugge/s ,br[n+'s poem (    
,abt ,vogl]4 ,x %\ld be said1 by ! way1 
t ,weiss 0 a great /ud5t ( ,br[n+1 ^:   
l9es 9 ,p>acelsus1 prophetic ( !        
evolution doctr9e1 0 (t5 on 8 lips4 ,he 
ev5 und]/ood ,sordello4       ,! div9e  
compos]1 summon+ in/rum5t aft] in/rum5t 
into 8      h>mony1 climb$ ) 8 !me f ^? 
:i* (f]$ b a      s+le note to ^? t     
exhau/ ! complexity ( ?\ght &           
feel+1 to comb9e !m into expression1    
k9dl+ ?r\gh h9ts1      phrases1 sudd5   
concords1 mu/]+ cons5ts ( _m wills1     
releases ( ea* "o's felicity into       
comrade%ip1 till ! sweet      tumult    
becomes 8 *ampion1 & bur/s into an      
acclaim ( a :ole      _w4 ,i ought--s !n
 ,i w4 ,! toppl+ in/rum5ts concur1      
become ! wave t t\*es t high mom5t1     
lifts ! :ole      deep1 & holds x !re4  
,:5 p]fect music drives its gold5       
scy!-*>iot up ! f9e      n]ves1 across !
 bridge ( association1 ?r\gh ! /]n      
portcullis ( c>e1 & alights 9 ! he>t (  

man1 !re is      adoration1 :e!r he     
fa9ts ) excess ( recognition ( "o long  
abs5t1 & lies pro/rate 9 ! arms ( rhy?m1
 feel+ t he      is n wor?y x %\ld come 
"u 8 ro(1 or :e!r he m\nts      ! seat &
 grasps ! ?rill+ re9s2 ,god's unity is  
rid+      ?r\gh 8 di/raction1 br\ght by 
t team ( all !      in/rum5ts :i* %ake  
_! manes across ! pavem5t ( 8           
bosom1 & /rike out ! sp>ks ( long+4  ,9 
call+ ,mr4 ,weiss ess5tially a poet1 ,i 
am f> f imply+ t he 0 n a ?9k]4 ,p]haps 
he 0 m subtle & m brilliant a ?9k] = be+
 also a poet--t is1 = see+ tru? ?r\gh ! 
m$ium ( ! imag9ation1 = foll[+ ! pa? (  
analogy4 ,at any rate1 8 be+ a poet did 
n 9 ! lea/ int]f]e ) ! acut5ess or !    
precision ( 8 ?9k+1 z any "o c see :o   
reads 8 *apt]s--^?1 = example1 :i*      
compose ! volume entitl$ ,am]ican       
,religion4 ,i _h m>k$ = citation s _m   
passages t x w\ld be necess>y to quote  
half ! book to illu/rate my !sis4 ,:5 ,i
 fir/ knew him1 he 0 a /rict            
,transc5d5tali/4 ,dr4 ,ore/es ,br[nson1 

no mean judge on su* matt]s1 spoke ( him
 z ! mo/ promis+ philosophical m9d 9 !  
c\ntry4 ,to a native tal5t =            
metaphysics1 8 e>ly /udies at ,heidelb]g
 probably contribut$ cong5ial tra9+4 ,8 
k ( ,g]man philosophy may well h be5    
/imulat$ & matur$ by 8 resid5ce 9 t     
c5tre ( active ?\ght2 :ile 8 intimacy1  
on 8 return1 ) ! ke5e/ intellects 9 ?is 
c\ntry may well h %>p5$ 8 orig9al       
pr$ilection = ab/ract speculation4      
,h[ev] ?is may h be51 ! t5d5cy ( 8 g5ius
 0 decid$ly t[>d metaphysical problems &
 ! int]pretation ( ! human consci\sness4
 ,?is he erect$ z a b>ri] aga9/         
mat]ialism2 & ?is he prob$ ) a dep? & a 
fe>lessness :i* 7 truly extraord9>y1 &  
w\ld h be5 rem>kable 9 any disciple ( ! 
s*ool to :i* he belong$4 ,no "o t ,i c  
?9k ( 0 s f9e1 s pr(\nd1 s analytical4  
,8 volume on ,am]ican ,religion 0 full (
 nice discrim9ations2 s 0 8 volume on ! 
,immortal ,life2 s 7 8 articles &       
lectures4 ,8 ,life ( ,!odore ,p>k]      
ab\nd$ 9 curi\s le>n+ z well z 9 vigor\s

 ?9k+4 ,he c\ld foll[1 /ep by /ep1 !    
great lead] ( re=matory ideas1 & w5t f> 
beyond him 9 subtlety & accuracy ( m5tal
 del9eation4 ,he c\ld n re/ 9 s5tim5t1  
mu/ h demon/ration1 & nev] /opp$ till he
 rea*$ ! ultimate gr\nd ( tru? z he     
reg>d$ x4 ,ideas1 :5 he f\nd !m1 7      
usually1 n always1 express$ 9 symbolical
 =ms4 ,8 al]t fancy detect$ lik5esses t 
w\ld h be5 conceal$ f common eyes2 & (t5
 ! spl5dor ( ! exposition hid ! ke5ness 
( ! logical temp]1 z a sword wrea!d )   
roses lies unp]ceiv$4 ,b ! temp]$ /eel 0
 !re & !y :o exam9$ closely felt its    
edge4  ,he 0 a man ( undaunt$ c\rage1   
be+ an ideali/ :o liv$ out ( ! _w1 & a  
liv+ s\l animat$ by ov]:elm+            
convictions1 :i* he 0 anxi\s to convey  
to o!rs z ( imm5se importance4 ,he      
believ$1 ) all 8 he>t1 9 ! doctr9es he  
_h arriv$ at1 &1 l a soldi] 9 battle1 0 
unconsci\s ( ! dang] he incurr$ or ( !  
w\nds he receiv$1 be+ unaw>e ( 8 own d>+
 or =titude4 ,he 0 an anti-slav]y man f 
! beg9n+4 ,at a l>ge meet+ held 9       

,wal?am 9 #ahde1 to prote/ aga9/ !      
admission ( ,texas z a slave ,/ate1 ,mr4
 ,weiss1 !n a m9i/] at ,wat]t[n1 ,mass41
 deliv]$ a spee* 9 :i* he said3 ,our    
,nor!rn apa?y heat$ ! iron1 =g$ !       
manacles1 & built ! pillory1 decl>$ t   
man 0 m ?an con/itutions 7borr[+ a      
phrase f ,james ,russell ,l[ell71 & t   
,*ri/ 0 great] ?an ,hancock & ,adams4   
,to 8 unfl9*+ devotion to free ?\ght 9  
religion1 he ow$ some?+ ( 8 unpopul>ity 
) ! masses ( ! p1 :o 7 or?odox 9 op9ion1
 ?\gh 8 failure to t\* ! g5]al m9d 0    
probably due to o!r causes4 ,! class (  
disbeliev]s 0 pretty l>ge 9 8 day & v   
self-ass]t+4 ,boldness nev] fails to    
attract2 & brilliancy1 if x be on !     
plane ( ord9>y vision1 draws ! eyes ( ! 
multitude1 :o are on ! wat* = a         
s5sation4  ,! *ief tr\ble 0 t 8         
brilliancy 0 n on ! plane ( ord9>y      
vision1 b 0 recondite1 +5i\s1 fanciful4 
,he 0 too le>n$1 too fond (             
allusions--lit]>y1 sci5tific1           
hi/orical1--too swift 9 8 m5tal         

processes4 ,8 addresses 7 deliv]$ to an 
audi5ce ( 8 fri5ds1 n to a miscellane\s 
company4 ,!y 7 ( ! nature ( soliloquies 
spok5 out ( 8 own m9d1 in/ead ( be+     
spee*es int5d$ to meet ! ne$s ( o!rs4 ,8
 lectures & s]mons 7 n easy to foll[1   
ev5 if ! li/5] 0 m ?an usually          
cultivat$4 ,%all x be add$ t 8 s9c]ity (
 spee*1 runn+ into brusqu5ess1 />tl$ a  
good _m8 ,he 0 !ological &              
philosophical1 & he c\ld n keep 8 h&s (f
 :5 :at he consid]$ z errors 9 !ology or
 philosophy came into view4 ,8 wit 0    
%>p] ?an he ?\ght1 :ile ! laugh x rais$ 
0 frequ5tly ov]balanc$ by ! /+ x left   
beh9d 9 "s brea/s4 ,x 0 too (t5 a wick$ 
wit1 b>b$ & poison$1 :i* "o mu/ be 9    
league ) to enjoy4 ,!y :o 7 9 sympa?y ) 
! speak] 7 delight$ ) x1 b !y :o 7 n w5t
 (f aggriev$4 ,no d\bt ?is atte/$ !     
e>ne/ness ( ! man1 :o scorn$ to cloak 8 
convictions2 b x w\nd$ ! self-love ( su*
 z 7 9 se>* ( pleasure or in/ruction1 & 
int]f]$ ) 8 g5]al acceptabl5ess4 ,a     
broad1 g5ial1 good-natur$1 trucul5t /yle

 ( v5tilat+ ev5 h]esies may n be        
repulsive to p ( a conv5tional1 believ+ 
turn2 9 fact1 x is n1 z we "k4 ,b !     
?ru/s ( a rapi]1 especially :5          
unexpect$1 are n =giv54 ,mr4 ,weiss drew
 l>g] audi5ces z a prea*] on religi\s   
!mes ?an he did z a lectur] on secul>   
subjects1 :]e "o h>dly knew :at to look 
=1 because he 0 kn[n to be outspok5 &   
capable ( introduc+ h]esies on ! plat=m4
  ,!n he 0 9 all respects unconv5tional4
 ,8 spontane\s exub]ance ( animal       
spirits1 :i* l$ him to roll on ! grass1 
jo9 9 frolicsome games1 play all sorts (
 antics1 indulge 9 jokes1 mimicry1      
boi/]\s mir?fulness1 0 inconsi/5t ) !   
/aid1 prop] demeanor requir$ by social  
usage4 ,h[ he kept himself )9 limits z  
he did 0 a surprise to 8 fri5ds4 ,ord9>y
 natures c =m no conception ( ! weight  
su* a man mu/ h put ^u 8 temp]am5t to   
press x d[n to ! level ( common         
exp]i5ce4 ,temptations to :i* he 0      
liable e day d n visit av]age m9ds 9 _! 
:ole lifetime1 & _c by su* m9ds be      

compreh5d$4 ,! /iff1 upright1 c>eful old
 man _c und]/& ! jocund pliability ( !  
boy1 :o1 nev]!less1 simply exp5ds !     
sup]fluity ( 8 natural vigor1 & relieves
 8 excess ( n]v\s excitability4 ,on ?9k+
 x all ov]1 rememb]+ 8 appetite = life1 
8 joy 9 exi/5ce1 8 n]v\s exhil>ation1 8 
love ( beauty1 8 passionate ardor (     
temp]am5t1 ,i am surpris$ t he pres]v$1 
z he did1 s mu* dignity & sob]ness ( "*4
 ,i h se5 him 9 8 wilde/ mood1 yet ,i   
nev] saw him ?r[n (f 8 balance4 ,) z mu*
 brilliancy z ,sydney ,smi?1 he _h1 z   
,sydney ,smi? _h n1 a bread? ( k1 a dep?
 ( feel+1 a so>+ en]gy ( s\l t kept him 
above vulg> s$uctions1 & did = him1 9 a 
nobl] way1 :at ambition1 love ( place1  
conv5tional associations did = ! fam\s  
,engli%man4  ,! difficulty 0 t he 0 too 
f> remov$ f ! common gr\nd ( sympa?y4   
,he c\ld n endure r\t9e1 or behave z o!r
 p behav$1 & z x 0 g5]ally fanci$ he    
%\ld4 ,if ,sydney ,smi?'s jocul>ity     
int]f]$ ) 8 promotion1 h[ mu* m did he h
 to cont5d ) :o to ! jocul>ity add$ an  

en?usia/ic devotion to h]esy1 a         
p>tiality = metaphysical speculation1 & 
a poetic gl[ t remov$ him f ord9>y      
compreh5sion6 ,) an unworldl9ess wor?y (
 all praise1 b fatal to ! provision (   
daily bread1 he left ! m9i/ry1 a fix$   
income1 a confirm$ social position1     
ample leisure = /udy & = lit]>y         
pursuits1 & laun*$ =? on ! unc]ta9 c>e] 
( lectur]4 ,he 0 n ! fir/ :o fail$ 9    
attempt+ to h>ness ,pegasus to a c>t1 9 
! hope ( mak+ him useful 9 mundane ways4
 ,nei!r dis*>g$ 8 full function4 ,! c>t 
w\ld n run smoo?ly1 & ! /e$ 0 n happy4  
,! old pr(ession has ?is advantage3 t to
 all practical purposes1 ! wagon goes   
ov] ! cele/ial pavem5t :]e !re is no mud
 nor clangor1 & ,pegasus c seem to be   
h>ness$ to a *>iot ( ! sun4  ,weiss     
simply disappe>$ f view4 ,8 books 7     
scatt]$2 8 lectures & s]mons 7 work$ ov]
 & ov]1 ! be/ ( !m be+ publi%$ 9 8      
sev]al volumes4 ,a few relics ( ! au?or 
rema9 9 ! h&s ( 8 wid[1 :o is grateful =
 any recognition ( 8 g5ius1 any help to 

diffuse 8 writ+s1 & tribute to 8 memory4
 ,!y :o knew him c nev] =get him4       
,p]haps ! v vividness ( _! recollection 
makes !m indiff]5t to ! possession (    
visible memorials ( _! fri5d4  ,samuel  
,johnson %\ld be kn[n z ! apo/le (      
individualism4 ,! apo/le ,i say1 = ?is )
 him 0 a religion1 & ! prea*+ (         
individualism 0 a gospel message4 ,he   
w\ld n belong to any *ur*1 or subscribe 
to any cre$1 or connect himself ) any   
sect1 or be a memb] ( any organization  
:atev]1 h[ev] wide or ela/ic1 h[ev]     
consonant ) convictions t he held1 )    
beliefs t he ent]ta9$1 ) purposes t he  
*]i%$1 ) plans t 7 de> to him4 ,he nev] 
jo9$ ! ,anti-,slav]y ,society1 ?\gh he 0
 an ,abolitioni/2 or ! ,free ,religi\s  
,association1 ?\gh its aims 7 ess5tially
 8 own1 & he spoke on its plat=m4 ,he   
made x a pr9ciple to act alone1 h]e9 be+
 a true disciple ( ,em]son1 ^: mission 0
 to individual m9ds4 ,he wrote a long   
lett] to me on ! occasion ( e/abli%+ !  
,free ,religi\s ,association1 ( :i* ,i  

wi%$ him to become a memb]1 t recalls ! 
lett] writt5 by ,mr4 ,em]son 9 reply to 
,george ,ripley :5 ask$ to jo9 !        
community ( ,brook ,f>m1 & :]e( ! foll[+
 is an extract3       ,my feel+ is t !  
community is n good = me1 t x has       
little to (f] me :i* ) resolution ,i _c 
procure =      myself4444 ,x seems to me
 a circuit\s & op]ose way ( reliev+     
myself to put ^u y\r community !        
emancipation :i* ,i ought to      take  
on myself4 ,i mu/ assume my own v[s4444 
,i ought to say t ,i      d n put mu*   
tru/ 9 any arrangem5ts or comb9ations1  
only 9      ! _s :i* dictates !m4 ,is t 
b5evol5t & div9e1 !y      w answ] _!    
end4 ,is !re any alloy 9 t1 x w         
c]ta9ly appe> 9 ! result4444 ,nor c ,i  
insi/ ) any heat      on new me?ods :5  
,i am at "w 9 my /udy on any lit]>y     
composition4444 ,! result ( our secrete/
 attempts w c]ta9ly      h z mu* r5[n z 
%all be due to x4  ,johnson end$ by     
disc>d+ ! *ur* entirely4 ,9 #ahha he    
wrote3       ,= my "p1 e day ,i live !  

"n ,*ri/ian seems less &      less to   
express my ?\ght & t5d5cy4 ,i suspect x 
w be s      ) ! ,free-?9k+ _w g5]ally4  
,9 a s]mon1 ,liv+ by ,fai?1 he says3    
,!re is no irony s great z to call ?is  
flight out ( nature      & ! cre$s t    
come ( x1 fai?4 ,! purity ( he>t t      
really sees ,god w h a mighty           
idealization ( humanity at !      v     
basis ( its cre$1 & act on x 9 all its  
treatm5t ( !      vici\s1 ! morally     
incapable & diseas$4 ,x is "t ,*ri/5dom 
0 on ! se>* = x4  ,9 ! pap] on          
,transc5d5talism1 he says3              
,*ri/ianity inh]it$ ! mon>*ical idea ( a
 ,god sep>ate f      man1 & a contempt =
 natural law & human faculty :i*        
crippl$ its fai? 9 ! spiritual & moral  
ideal4 ,x became m      & m a mat]ialism
 ( miracle1 ,bible1 *ur*4 ,ev5 its essay
 to      realize imman5t ,deity yield$ a
 m or less exclusive1      m$iatorial   
,god-man2 & x treat$ p]sonality z ! m]e 
consequ5ce ( "o prescriptive1 hi/orical 
=ce1 j z      philosophical mat]ialism  

treats x z m]e product ( s5sations4     
,mr4 ,johnson abhorr$ ! mon>*ical       
pr9ciple4 ,x 0 8 endeavor to track x f  
its orig91 ?r\gh all its =ms (          
in/itution1 c]emonial1 dogma1 symbol1 f 
! e>lie/ times to ! late/1 ?r\gh ! :ole 
,ea/ to ! f>!/ ,we/4 ,?is 0 ! burd5 ( 8 
/udies 9 ,ori5tal religions1 ! sum ( 8  
criticism1 ! aim ( 8 public tea*+4 ,he 0
 pr(\ndly1 int5sely1 absorb+ly religi\s1
 b ! =m ( 8 religion 0 n ,*ri/ian 9 any 
recogniz$ s5se1 ,romani/1 ,prote/ant1 or
 ,unit>ian4 ,! mo/ radical ?\ght did n  
altoge!r please him4 ,8 0 a wor%ip (    
,law1 ,ord]1 ,cause1 ,h>mony1 imp]sonal1
 liv+1 natural2 a recognition ( m9d z ! 
supreme p[] 9 ! univ]se2 a cosmic1      
et]nal1 absolute fai? 9 intellectual    
pr9ciples z ! sub/ance & s\l ( ! _w4    
,god 01 to him1 a spiritual be+1 alive1 
vital1 fl[+ 9 e mode4       ,all p[] (  
gr[? & s]vice dep5ds1 "k x or n z we    
may1      on an ideal fai? 9 some:at    
all-suffici5t1 un]r+1 inf9itely         
wise & t5d]1 insep>able f ! inmo/ (     

life1 b5t on our      good z we are n1  
set aga9/ our failures z we _c be4 ,x   
means t !re c 9 fact be no philosophy ( 
life1 no law (      good1 no belief 9   
duty1 no aspiration1 b mu/ h su*        
9-dwell+ p]fection1 z be+ alone reliable
 to gu>antee its      ^w4 ,?is only is  
my ,god2 inf9ite gr\nd ( all f9ite be+2 
ess5ce ( reason & good4444 ,:5 y see a  
function ( memory1      or a law (      
p]fection1 let y\r natural piety        
recognize x z wise      & j & good &    
fair4 ,be loyal to ! moral au?ority t   
affirms x ought to be1 & someh[ mu/ be4 
,let y\r s\l br+      9 ! leap ( y\r m9d
 to grasp x4 ,!n1 if y _c see ,god      
9 p]fect1 absolute ess5ce1 y w "k !     
,inf9ite &      ,et]nal 9 _! relation to
 real & positive exi/5ce2 feel      _!  
fre$om 9 y\r own2 "k _! insep>abl5ess f 
e      movem5t ( y\r spiritual be+4444  
,! love we feel1 ! tru? we      pursue1 
! honor we *]i%1 ! moral beauty we      
rev]e1 bl5d 9      ) ! et]nity ( !      
pr9ciples !y fl[ f1 & !n1 glad      z 9 

! baptism ( a h>ve/ morn+1 exp&+ t[>ds  
human      ne$ & ! univ]sal life ( man1 
our s\ls walk free1 brea?+      immortal
 air4 ,t is ,god1--n an object b an     
exp]i5ce4 ,words      are b symbols1 !y 
d n def9e4 ,we say ,him1 ,x 7 z         
well1 if !reby we mean life1 wisdom1    
love4444 ,mu/ we b9d our      communion 
) ! j1 ! good1 ! true1 ! humanly        
adequate      & becom+ to "s p]sonal    
life1 "s special body ( social          
circum/ances1 "s individual's "w 9 human
 progress & ^u      human idealism8 ,h[ 
%\ld t be1 :5 ! pr9ciples into :i*      
! moral s5se fl[]s out 9 its maturity z 
spiritual lib]ty1      ess5tially       
involve a freely advanc+ ideal at e new 
/age      reveal+ m ( ,god1 :om no?+ b  
su* univ]sal en]gy c      adequately    
reveal8444 ,if !n1 we _c see ! et]nal   
sub/ance      & life ( ! univ]se1 x is n
 because ,deity is too f>1 b            
because x is too ne>4 ,we c measure a   
/atue or a />1 & look      r\nd & beyond
 x2 b ! ,life1 ,light1 ,lib]ty1 ,love1  

,peace1      :]eby we live & "k1 & are  
helpful & calm & free1 :i*      measures
 & surr\nds & ev5 animates u1 is itself 
! v      my/]y ( our be+1 & kn[n only z 
felt & liv$4 ,god /&s      9 all ideal  
?\ght1 conviction1 aim1 :i* ev] rea*    
into !      inf9ite2 & !nce1 z if an    
angel %\ld /& 9 ! sun1 come             
attractions t draw =? ! div9e           
capabilities )9 u1 z      ! sun ! life &
 beauty ( ! e>?4 ,god is ! inmo/ motive1
      ! common pa?1 ! inf9ite import (  
all "w we respect1 honor1      purely   
rejoice 91 & fulfil2 ( art1 sci5ce1     
philosophy1      int]c\rse1--:atsoev]   
function befits ! s\l & ! day4  ,^!     
quotations1 :i* might be multipli$      
indef9itely1 9 fact1 :i* x is difficult 
n to multiply1 are probably en\gh to    
satisfy any :o really wi% to "k t "h 0 a
 truly religi\s man1 a really dev\t man1
 ! possessor ( a liv+ fai?2 "o :o held  
fa/ to m ,deity ?an ! multitude *]i%$1 &
 welcom$ him 9 a mu* m cordial1         
compreh5sive1 natural mann]2 "o :o      

fairly dr5*$ ! _w & man ) a div9e _s1 b 
:o 0 all ! m spiritual on ?is acc\nt1 z 
a man atte/s 8 vigor by 8 ability to lay
 aside 8 crut*es1 & put ! m$ic9e-*e/1   
bottles1 & boxes on ! %elf1 to walk 9   
cold wea!r )\t an ov]coat1 or lie nak$  
on ! ice & melt x ?r\gh4  ,( c\rse1 !   
only ju/ification ( a pret5sion ( ?is   
k9d is ! actual vitality necess>y = su* 
a feat1 ! sanity dem&$ by "o :o w\ld /& 
or g alone4 ,9 ,samuel ,johnson's case  
!re 0 no "q ( ?is4 ,spiritually1 he 0 a 
:ole man1 self-pois$1 self-conta9$1     
/rong1 cle>1 al]t1 a h]o & a sa9t4 ,8   
conv]sation1 8 be>+1 conduct1 entire    
attitude & mann] indicat$ ! mo/ jubilant
 fai?4 ,he nev] falt]$ 9 8 confid5ce1   
nev] wav]$ 9 8 conviction1 nev] abat$ a 
jot ( hope t 9 ! ord] ( ,provid5ce all  
good ?+s w\ld come4 ,!re 0 some?+ /agg]+
 to ! ord9>y m9d1 9 8 assurance ( !     
div9e wisdom & love4 ,!re 0 some?+      
altoge!r admirable 9 ! elevation ( 8 "* 
above ! trials & vexations t are incid5t
 to ! human lot1 & t seem$ heap$ ^u him4

 ,= 8 own 0 n a smoo? or =tunate life1 z
 m5 e/imate felicity4 ,8 heal? 0 f> f   
satisfactory4 ,he 0 n ri* or fam\s or   
popul> or s\ght aft]4 ,he liv$ a life ( 
labor1 9 "s respects1 ( d5ial &         
sacrifice4 ,n until aft] 8 dea? 0 ! full
 am\nt ( 8 r5unciation app>5t ev5 to ^? 
:o ?\ght !y knew him well4  ,he 0 a     
,transc5d5tali/--t is to say1 he believ$
 9 ! intuitive p[]s ( ! m9d2 he 0 sure t
 all prim>y tru?s1 su* ideas z ^? (     
unity1 univ]se1 law1 cause1 sub/ance1 w1
 duty1 obligation1 p]man5ce1 7 p]ceiv$  
directly1 & are n to be acc\nt$ = by any
 data ( obs]vation or inf]5ce1 b mu/ be 
ascrib$ at once to an organic or        
con/itutional relation ( ! m9d ) tru?4  
,t ! "n ,transc5d5talism 0 giv51 a      
c5tury ago1 to a      me?od 9 philosophy
 oppos$ to ! !ory ( ,locke--t all      k
 comes f ! s5ses1--is m widely kn[n ?an 
!      fact t :at ?is me?od affirm$ or  
involv$ is ( pr(\nd      import = all   
g5]ations4 ,x emphasiz$ ,m9d z a =mative
 =ce      beh9d all def9able cont5ts or 

acts ( consci\sness--z t      :i* makes 
x possible to speak ( any?+ z kn[n4 ,x  
recogniz$1 z primal condition ( kn[+1 ! 
transmutation (      s5se-impressions by
 orig9al laws ( m9d1 ^: con/ructive     
p[] is n to be expla9$ or measur$ by !  
data ( s5sation2      j z !y use ! eye  
or e> to trans=m unkn[n spatial         
notions into ! obvi\sly human           
conceptions :i* we call color      &    
s\nd4 ,all ?is ! ,lockian sy/em         
ov]look$--a v s]i\s      omission1 z    
reg>ds bo? sci5ce & common-s5se4  ,&    
aga91 9 ! same article--t on            
,transc5d5talism1 fir/ pr9t$ 9 !        
,radical ,review = ,novemb]1 #ahgg1 &   
aft]w>ds includ$ 9 ! volume ( ,lectures1
 ,s]mons1 & ,essays3       ,:at we      
conceive ^! s*ools to h mispriz$ is !   
liv+      sub/ance & function ( m9d     
itself1 consci\s ( its own en]gy1       
productive ( its own processes1 active  
ev5 9 receiv+1 giv+      its own        
con/ruction to its incomes f ! unkn[n   
?r\gh s5se1      ?us involv$ 9 ^? v     

cont5ts ( "t & space :i*1 z             
hi/orical antec$5ts1 appe> to create x2 
m9d is obvi\sly      ! expon5t ( =ces m 
spontane\s & orig9al ?an any            
special product ( its own exp]i5ce4     
,beh9d all ^! products      mu/ be t    
sub/ance 9 & ?r\gh :i* !y are produc$4  
,& aga91 = we _c be too explicit on ?is 
po9t3       ,x is c]ta9 t k involves n  
only a s5se ( union      ) ! nature ( t 
:i* we "k1 b a real p>ticipation (      
! kn[+ faculty !re94 ,:51 !re=e1 ,i h   
le>n$ to      conceive tru?s1 pr9ciples1
 ideas1 or aims :i* transc5d            
life-times & own no physical limits to  
_! endurance1 !      a=esaid law ( m9d  
associates me ) _! immortal nature4 ,&  
?is is ! indubitable p]ception or       
intuition ( p]man5t m9d      :i* no     
exp]i5ce ( imp]man5ce c nullify & no    
,nirvana      excludes4  ,x w be obs]v$ 
t ,mr4 ,johnson does n make himself     
answ]able = specific articles ( belief  
on ,god or immortality1 b conf9es 8 fai?
 to ! p]suasion ( indwell+ m9d1         

sov]eign1 et]nal1 imp]ial4 ,immortality1
 he says1 is immeasurable *ance = all4  
,9 its light1 all /rong1 blameless1     
h]oic lives--div9e plants by !          
wayside--tell = ! nature !y express4    
,god has made no blund] 9 our spiritual 
con/itution4 ,p[] is 9 fai?4 ,?is int5se
 belief 9 ! s\l1 9 all ! native         
capacities ( our spiritual con/itution1 
9 ! supremacy ( organic feel+s1 ideas1  
expectations ov] m]ely private desires1 
?is burn+ confid5ce 9 div9ely implant$  
in/9cts1 ?is absolute c]ta9ty t e       
promise made by ,god w be fulfill$1     
expla9s ! tone ( exult+ hope 9 :i* he   
writes to b]eav$ fri5ds4       ,i wi% ,i
 c\ld tell y h[ firmly ,i believe t     
feel+s l      ^! 7t ! abs5t "o _c be    
dead71 s (t5 treat$ z      illusion1 are
 true1 are ( ,god's own t5d] giv+2 t 9  
!m      is ! v he>t ( 8 tea*+ ?r\gh !   
my/]y t we call      dea?4 ,our         
affections are =bidd5 by _! mak] to d\bt
 _!      own immortality4444 ,immortal  
ye>s1 beside :i* our little lives       

are b an h\r--:at possibilities ( full  
satisfaction !y op56      ,& we sit 9   
pati5ce1 kn[+ t !y mu/ br+ u back our   
holie/ possessions--^? :i* h ev] /ood "u
 ! %ield      ( our noble/ love &       
consci5ce & s are "u ,god's bless+      
=ev]4  ,h[ f> su* a decl>ation z ?is    
comports ) ! dem& = g5]al immortality   
made 9 behalf ( ^? :o are consci\s ( no 
noble love1 :o h atta9$ to no consci5ce1
 & h no holy possessions1 we are n told4
 ,p]haps ,mr4 ,johnson w\ld seize on !  
fa9te/ intimations ( m9d z evid5c+ !    
pres5ce ( moral be+1 z ,mr4 ,weiss does4
 ,b he did n dwell on t side ( !        
problem4 ,pla9ly he ascrib$ little value
 to m]e p]sonality1 view$ ab/ractly &   
ap>t f its spiritual developm5t4 ,he    
wrote to ^? :om he knew & lov$1 to      
rem>kable p4  ,yet x w\ld n be fair to  
conclude t immortality 0 d5i$ to !      
base/4 ,if immortality is opportunity1 a
 *ance = all1 x is = ^? :o c pr(it by x 
or enjoy x4 ,if any are deb>r$1 ! cause 
mu/ be _! own incompet5ce4 ,!y simply   

decease4 ,!re is no torm5t 9 /ore = !m2 
no hell is possible4  ,samuel ,johnson 0
 an en?usia/ic evolutioni/1 b ( m9d     
itself1 n ( matt] z rip5+ into m9d4 ,!  
ord9>y conception ( evolution1--t !     
high] came f ! l[]1--0 exce$+ly         
repugnant to him4 ,e k9d ( mat]ialism he
 abhorr$ z illogical & irrational4 ,!   
!ories ( ,comte1--t m9d is c]ebration2 (
 ,haeckel1--t x is a function ( bra9 &  
n]ve2 ( ,/rauss1--t "o's self is 8 body2
 ( ,ta9e1--t a man is a s]ies (         
s5sations1 7 to him z absurd1 9 sci5ce  
or philosophy1 z !y 7 fatal to          
aspiration & progress4       ,! crude   
def9ition ( evolution z production ( !  
highe/ by      inh]5t =ce ( ! l[e/ is "h
 supplant$ by "o :i*      recognizes    
mat]ial p>5tage z itself involv+1 ev5 9 
its      l[e/ /ages1 ! entire cosmic    
cons5sus1 ( ^: unkn[n      =ce m9d is ! 
highe/ kn[n expon5t4  ,he is allud+ to  
,tyndall's /atem5t t m9d is evolv$ f !  
univ]se z a :ole1 n f inorganic matt]4  
,= himself1 he says3       ,ideas 7 n   

demon/rat$1 are n demon/rable4 ,no data 
(      obs]vation c express _! univ]sal 
mean+4444 ,:at else c      we say (     
ideas ?an t !y are wondr\s intimacies ( 
! s\l      ) ! ,inf9ite & ,et]nal1 its  
contacts ) univ]sal =ces1      its      
prophetic v5tures & ma/] /eps beyond any
 pa/6444 ,!      gr& words1 ,i ought    
refuse to be expla9$ by dissolv+ !      
notion ( "r into individual calculation 
( consequ5ces1 or by      exp\nd+ ! s5se
 ( duty z ! cumulative product ( obs]v$ 
relation ( succession4444 ,h[ expla9 z a
 great] happ9ess      pr9ciple1 or an   
inh]it$ product ( obs]v$ consequ5ces1 t 
sov]eign & et]nal law ( m9d ^: imp]ial  
edict lifts all      calculations &     
measures into functions ( an inf9ite    
mean+8      ,& h[ va9 to accr$it or     
ascribe to revelation1 in/itution1 or   
r$emption1 ?is necess>y allegiance to ! 
law ( our be+1      :i* is lib]ty &     
loyalty 9 "o8  ,?is is absolute en\gh4  
,x is pla9 t to ?is writ] ! notion (    
extract+ intellect f =m is ridicul\s4   

,at ! same "t ! me?od ( evolution is !  
"o adopt$ by ! supreme ,m9d 9 its       
endeavor to awak5 9 man religi\s ideas4 
,! exposition ( ! orig9al               
fai?s--,indian1 ,*9ese1 ,p]sian--is a   
long & eloqu5t argum5t = ?is !sis4 ,all 
criticism1 all ?9k+1 all analysis1 all  
/udy ( hi/ory1 all inve/igation (       
ph5om5a1 po9t 9 ?is direction4 ,?is is !
 rule ( creation2 ?is is ! solution ( ! 
problem ( ! univ]se4 ,! successive      
degrees ( ?is div9e asc5t1 he ma9ta9s1  
are di/9ctly traceable 9 ! records left 
= our read+4 ,! ?reads are f9e1 ( c\rse1
 b :at h we eyes =8 ,x is n necess>y t  
ev]ybody %\ld see !m1 & ! few :o c are  
amply rew>d$ = ! tr\ble !y take 9 putt+ 
_! f+]s ^u ! v l9es ( ! heav5ly         
proc$ure4 ,8 peculi> /ra9 ( g5ius       
admirably qualifi$ him = ?is delicate   
task4 ,x 0 s]i\s1 critical1 e>ne/1 &    
aspir+4 ,at "o p]iod ( 8 life he 0 a    
my/ic1 :olly absorb$ 9 ,god1 & he always
 _h t t5d5cy t[>ds ! m passionate =ms ( 
idealism :i* l$ him to my/ical          

speculations4 ,! se>* = ,god 0 ev] !    
animat+ purpose ( 8 endeavor4 ,! law ( !
 bless$ life 0 nev] abs5t f 8 ?\ght4    
,he1 all ! "t1 liv$ by fai?1 & 0        
naturally dispos$ to see ! ga9 9 all    
losses4 ,8 m9d _h t p5etrat+ quality :i*
 lov$ to foll[ hidd5 trails1 &          
appreciat$ ! subtle/ k9ds ( influ5ce4 ,9
 a /rik+ passage he speaks ( !          
great my/]y 9 ^! influ5ces :i* ?\ghtless
 p little      dream (1 & :i*           
common-s5se1 s call$1 c>es no?+ ab\t4   
,9 ! wond]ful mann] 9 :i*1 ?r\gh books1 
! spirits (      o!r m51 long s9ce dead1
 ent] into & inspire ours2 9 !          
eloqu5t language ( eye & lip :i* )\t    
words1 m]ely by      expression1 conveys
 deepe/ feel+s2 9 ! pres5ce 9 our s\ls  
( /range pres5tim5ts1 intuitions ( high]
 k ?an      sci5ce or le>n+ c give1     
voices :i* seem ! pres5ce (      o!r    
spirits 9 ours1 :i* make u feel (t5 t   
dea?1 s f>      f remov+ our de> fri5ds 
f u1 br+s !m ne>] to our      s\ls s t  
!y _c be lo/2--9 all ^! wond]ful ways   

we see dimly ! unveil+ ( holy my/]ies   
:i* ! future is to      fully op5 to u1 
my/]ies :i* we c ev5 n[1 9 our sublim]  
& holi] secret mom5ts1 feel try+ to     
disclose !mselves to      u4  ,?is 0    
writt5 9 a lett] to 8 si/]1 on !        
occasion ( a visit to ! m5ag]ie to see  
,h]r ,driesba*1 ! horse-tam]4 ,a man :o 
c\ld spr+ into ! empyrean f su* gr\nd   
may be tru/$ to behold ,deity :]e o!rs  
behold no?+ b dirt2 & !y :o submit to 8 
guidance are pretty c]ta9 to come out   
full believ]s 9 ! spiritual p[]s4       
,johnson absolutely subord9at$ dogma to 
practice1 hold+ fa/ to ! idea involv$ 9 
! decl>ation t he :o doe? ! w %all "k ! 
doctr9e4 ,he began ) ! e?ics ( !        
individual1 ! family1 ! social circle1  
see+ e pr9ciple inc>nat$ !re4 ,h[       
fai?ful he 0 9 all dome/ic relations !  
_w w nev] "k1 = !re are details t _c be 
divulg$4 ,b 9 all public affairs 8      
con/ancy 0 p]fect4 ,dr4 ,furness (      
,philadelphia us$ to say t ! anti-slav]y
 /ruggle 9 ?is c\ntry taught him m ab\t 

! ess5tial nature ( ! ,gospel ?an he _h 
le>n$ 9 any o!r way4 ,samuel ,johnson _h
 ! same conviction4 ,9 a private lett]  
writt5 9 #aheg he says3       ,ev]y?+ 9 
?is crisis ( ,am]ican gr[? c5tres 9 !   
great      conflict ab\t ?is gigantic s9
 ( slav]y4 ,t is !      battle-field on 
:i* ! que/ions are all to be f\ght out1 
(      moral & spiritual & intellectual 
,fre$om aga9/ ! ,absolutism      ( sect 
& p>ty2 ( ,love aga9/ ,mammon2 (        
,consci5ce aga9/      ! ,/ate2 ( ,man   
aga9/ ,majorities2 ( ,tru? aga9/        
,policy2 (      ,god aga9/ ! ,devil4 ,x 
is really a/oni%+ h[ ev]y?+ t           
happ5s ) u works directly into ?is      
f]m5t+ conflict4  ,!y :o rememb] 8      
addresses dur+ ! w> w n ne$ any         
confirmation ( ?is ann\ncem5t1 & !y :o  
he>d or h read 8 s]mon on ! "* & s]vices
 ( ,*>les ,sumn] w h ! fulle/ assurance 
( ! cordial appreciation ) :i* e phase (
 ! /ruggle 0 ent]$ into4  ,b ?\gh s     
ard5t a foll[] ( ! doctr9e t ideas lead 
! _w1 ,johnson 0 n induc$ to g all l5g?s

 ) ! s5tim5tali/s4 ,:ile w>mly esp\s+ ! 
cause ( ! work+man 8 pap]s on ,labor    
,re=m %[ h[ ke5ly critical he c\ld be ( 
measures propos$ = 8 b5efit4 ,no "o w   
accuse him ( indiff]5ce to ! claims (   
woman1 b he spoke ( ,woman's            
,opportunity r ?an ( ,woman's ,rights2  
is incl9$ to ?9k t x is n true t %e is  
left out ( political life f ! pres5t wi%
 to d h] inju/ice2 t on ! :ole1 ! feel+1
 if x 7 analyz$1 w\ld be f\nd to be r t 
( def5d+ h] "r ( exemption1 reliev+ h] f
 tasks %e does n desire4444 ,among      
intellig5t m5 at lea/1 actual delay to  
wipe out ! anomaly ( ! vot+ rule is n s 
mu* ow+ to a _s ( dom9ation or contempt 
z is too apt to be assum$1 z x is to a  
respect = :at woman has made ( !        
functions %e has hi!rto fill$1 & !      
belief t %e holds h]self entitl$ to be  
left free to "w ?r\gh !m alone4 ,he has 
no?+ to say reg>d+ ! sup]iority (       
woman's nature2 v5tures no def9ition (  
h] sph]e2 is n unconsci\s ( fem99e      
infirmities2 d\bts ! efficacy ( !       

ballot2 confesses t ! level ( womanhood 
w\ld be1 at lea/ tempor>ily1 depress$ by
 ! l>g] area ( practical diffusion2 is  
by no means c]ta9 t wom5 w\ld necess>ily
 act = _! own good1 & is deeply p]suad$ 
( ! inf]iority ( outw>d to inw>d        
influ5ce4 ,?is is ! "o ?+ he is sure (2 
?is & ! pr9ciple t lib]ty kn[s--l fai? &
 *>ity--nei!r male nor female4 ,9 ! w>  
betwe5 ,russia & ,turkey he took ! "p ( 
,turkey1 n only because he respect$ !   
rights ( individual g5ius & res5t$      
invasion1 b = ! reason t he di/ru/$ !   
civiliz+ t5d5cies ( ,russia1 & ?\ght !  
int]e/s ( ,europe might be tru/$ to !   
,ottoman z confid5tly z to ! ,russian4  
,9 a disc\rse entitl$ ,a ,m9i/ry 9 ,free
 ,religion1 deliv]$ on ! occasion ( 8   
resign+ ! relation ( pa/or to ! ,free   
,*ur* at ,lynn1 ,june #bf1 #ahgj1 he    
said3       ,! pulpit has no function m 
ess5tial ?an an indep5d5t      criticism
 ( well-mean+ p 9 ! light ( l>g] ju/ice 
&      remot] consequ5ces ?an mo/ popul>
 measures recognize4 ,!      true/      

s]vice is1 p]haps1 to help correct !    
blund]s & !      intol]ances ( bl9d     
good-w & n>r[ zeal = a good cause2      
to speak 9 ! int]e/ ( an idea :]e popul>
 or organiz$      impulse ?reat5s to    
swamp its high] morality 9 passionate   
in/9cts & absolute ma/]%ips1 to ma9ta9 t
 fre$om (      private judgm5t :i* _c be
 outrag$1 ev5 9 ! be/ moral      int5t1 
)\t mis*iev\s reaction on ! good cause  
itself4  ,9 ?is connection he speaks (  
temp]ance1 ! amelioration ( ! condition 
( ! p]i%+ or dang]\s classes1 ! v>i\s   
s*emes = b5efit+ ! labor+ m51 plans =   
adju/+ ! relations ( labor & capital1   
arrangem5ts = diffus+ ! pr(its (        
production1--causes :i* he _h at he>t1 b
 :i* %\ld be discuss$ 9 view ( !        
pr9ciple ( individual fre$om1 :i* mu/ be
 upheld at all haz>ds4 ,he 0 a close    
reason] z well z a w>m feel]1 & w\ld n  
all[ 8 sympa?ies to get ! upp] h& ( 8   
ideas4 ,he hop$ = ! be/2 he _h fai? 9 ! 
highe/2 he anticipat$ ! brighte/2 b he  
tri$ to see ?+s z !y 74 ,he 0 a /ud5t1 n

 a s5tim5tali/1 & :ile he 0 ready to    
foll[ ! mo/ advanc$ 9 ! direction (     
spiritual progress1 he 0 n prep>$ to    
take = grant$ issues t /ill hung 9 !    
balance ( debate1 or to prejudge        
que/ions t _h n be5 answ]$1 & c\ld n be 
z yet4  ,su* mod]ation & pati5ce are n  
common ) re=m]s1 & few are indep5d5t    
en\gh to confess misgiv+s :i* are m     
famili> to _! oppon5ts ?an to _! fri5ds4
 ,c&or l ?is %[s a g5u9e unconsci\sness 
( fe>1 a s9c]e love ( tru?1 an e>ne/    
po/ponem5t ( p]sonal ta/es1 ambitions1 &
 connections to ! axioms ( univ]sal     
wisdom & goodness2 a loyalty to         
conviction t is v r>e1 t nev] c exi/    
among ! indiff]5t1 because !y d n c>e1 &
 :i* is usually put aside by ^? :o d c>e
 z an imp$im5t if n z a sn>e4 ,9 c\rage 
( ?is noble k9d1 ,johnson excell$ all m5
 ,i ev] knew1 = !y :o _h x1 z "s did1 _h
 n 8 g5ius1 & 7 sp>$ ! necessity ( curb+
 ardor by s mu* z _! temp]am5t 0 m      
passive & _! eag]ness less importunate4 
,( c\rse ( ! l[] sort1--! c\rage to be> 

pa91 loss1 ! misund]/&+ ( ! vulg>1 to   
face dang]1 to enc\nt] p]il1 none :o    
knew him c "q 8 possession4 ,9 fact1 he 
did n seem to suff] at all1 s jocund 0  
he1 s mu* 9 ! habit ( keep+ 8           
deprivations f ! outside _w2 ev5 8      
intimates c\ld b suspect 8 sorr[s (     
he>t4  ,samuel ,johnson 0 an extraord9>y
 p]son to look at4 ,he _h l>ge d>k eyes2
 black1 /raight1 long hair2 an ,ori5tal 
complexion1 sall[1 olive-color$2 an     
impetu\s mann]2 a beam+ expression4 ,8  
voice 0 ri*1 deep1 musical2 8 gait eag]1
 rapid1 sw++2 8 /yle ( address gl[+2 8  
aspect 9 public spee* t ( "o inspir$4   
,he 0 fond ( natural beauty1 ( art1     
lit]ature1 music2 full ( fun1 witty1    
mir?ful1 social4 ,he 0 attractive to "y 
p1 delightful 9 conv]sation1 ready to   
ent] into innoc5t amusem5ts4 ,8 eye =   
sc5]y 0 f9e & quick1 8 int]e/ 9         
practical sci5ce s9c]e & he>ty1 8 conc]n
 = :atev] advanc$ humanity cordial1 & 8 
fre%ness ( _s increas$ if any?+ ) ye>s4 
,,xiv4 ,,my ,,fri5ds4   ,x is impossible

 to m5tion !m all1 & to s+le out a few f
 a multitude mu/ n be done4 ,i %\ld l to
 commemorate ^? :o came ne>e/ to me by  
_! e>ne/ "w & fai?ful allegiance1 b ^!  
_c be spok5 (1 & ,i pref] to enum]ate "s
 ( ^? ) :om ,i 0 less intimate4  ,alice 
& ,phoebe ,c>y came to ,new ,york 9     
#aheb1 & 7 prom95t :5 ,i 0 !re2 _! fam\s
 ,sunday ev5+s1 :i* 7 frequ5t$ by !     
brighte/ m9ds & 7 s\ght by a l>ge class 
( p1 be+ !n well e/abli%$4 ,^! 7        
altoge!r in=mal & gave b little         
satisfaction to ! m]ely fa%ionable folks
 :o n[ & !n att5d$ !m4 ,! si/]s 7 9     
/rik+ contra/4 ,phoebe1 ! y\ng]1 0 a    
jocund1 he>ty1 vivaci\s1 witty1 m]ry "y 
woman1 %ort & r\nd2 h] old] si/]1       
,alice1 0 tall] & m sl5d]1 ) l>ge1 d>k  
eyes2 %e 0 m$itative1 ?\ghtful1 p5sive1 
& r grave 9 temp]am5t2 b ! two 7 mo/    
he>tily 9 sympa?y 9 e op9ion & 9 all _! 
lit]>y & social aims4 ,horace ,greeley1 
"o ( _! e>lie/ & w>me/ fri5ds1 0 a      
frequ5t visitor at _! h\se4 ,!re ,i met 
,rob]t ,dale ,ow51 ,oliv] ,johnson1 ,dr4

 ,e4 ,h4 ,*ap91 ,rev4 ,*>les ,f4 ,deems1
 ,ju/9 ,mc,carthy & 8 wife1 ,mrs4 ,m>y  
,e4 ,dodge1 ,madame ,le ,v]t1 & sev]al  
o!rs4  ,among my fri5ds 0 ,presid5t     
,b>n>d1 ( ,columbia ,college1 ! only man
 ,i ev] knew ^: long e>-trumpet 0 nev]  
an annoyance2 ,ogd5 ,n4 ,rood1 !        
,pr(essor ( ,physics at ,columbia1 a man
 ( real g5ius1 ^: /udies 9 light & color
 7 a great assi/ance to arti/s1 himself 
an arti/ ( no mean ord] & an ard5t /ud5t
 ( photography2 ,*>les ,joy1 ,pr(essor (
 ,*emi/ry1 a mo/ active-m9d$ man1 :o    
receiv$ honors at ,goett+5 & at ,p>is1 &
 contribut$ l>gely to ! sci5tific       
j\rnals2 a man greatly int]e/$ 9 ! union
 ( *>itable societies 9 ,new ,york2     
,rob]t ,c>t]1 !n a co-work] 9 ! mak+ (  
,appleton's ,cyclop$ia2 ,bay>d ,taylor1 
noveli/1 poet1 translator ( ,goe!1      
travell]2 ,ri*>d ,grant ,:ite1 !        
,%akesp]ian s*ol>2 ,*>les ,l4 ,brace1 ! 
philan?ropi/2 ,e4 ,l4 ,y\mans a man     
fairly t+l+ ) ideas1 & peculi>ly gift$ 9
 mak+ popul>1 z a lectur]1 ! mo/ ab/ruse

 sci5tific discov]ies4 ,! bread? ( my   
range ( acqua9tances is illu/rat$ by su*
 m5 z ,roswell ,d4 ,hit*cock1 ( ,union  
,sem9>y1 ! le>n$ /ud5t1 ! impressive    
speak]2 ,isaac ,t4 ,heck]1 ! f\nd] ( !  
,congregation ( ! ,pauli/s2 ,dr4        
,wa%burn1 ! model *ur*man ( ,calv>y2    
,h5ry ,m4 ,field1 editor ( ! ,evangeli/1
 a mo/ w>m-he>t$ man1 s l>ge 9 8        
sympa?ies t he c\ld say to ,rob]t ,g4   
,+]soll1 ,i am glad t ,i "k y1 ev5 ?\gh 
"s ( my bre?r5 look ^u y z a mon/]      
because ( y\r unbelief1 & welcom$ z an  
example ( con/ructive ?\ght1 ,dr4 ,*>les
 ,a4 ,briggs' ,inaugural ,address z     
,pr(essor ( ,biblical ,!ology at ,union 
,college2 ,john ,g4 ,holl& 7,timo?y     
,titcomb71 a copi\s au?or4 ,! ,tribune  
company 0 mo/ di/+ui%$3 ,!re 01 fir/ (  
all1 ! f\nd]1 ,horace ,greeley1 a unique
 p]sonality1 simple1 unaffect$1 e>ne/1  
an imm5se believ] 9 ,am]ican            
in/itutions1 a /an* fri5d ( ! work+-man1
 & a brave lov] ( imp>tial ju/ice2      
,:itelaw ,reid1 :o 01 accord+ to ,george

 ,ripley1 ! able/ newspap] manag] he ev]
 saw2 & ,mrs4 ,lucia ,calh\n 7aft]w>d   
,mrs4 ,runkle71 "o ( ! mo/ brilliant    
contributors to ! ,tribune4 ,( ,george  
,ripley ,i may speak m at l5g?1 z he 0  
my p>i%ion] & close fri5d4 ,9 my        
biography ( him1 writt5 = ! ,am]ican ,m5
 ( ,lett]s s]ies1 ,i spoke ( him z a    
rem>kable man4 ,"o ( my critics f\nd    
fault ) ! appellation1 & said x 0 n     
ju/ifi$ by any?+ 9 ! book1 z p]haps x 0 
n1 ?\gh intellectual vigor1 range1 &    
ta/e l 8 mu/ be call$ rem>kable2 su*    
indu/ry is rem>kable2 no common man c\ld
 h in/itut$ ,brook ,f>m & adm9i/]$ x =  
six or sev5 ye>s2 c\ld h ma9ta9$ its    
dignity ?r\gh ridicule1 misund]/&+1 &   
fanaticism2 c\ld h cle>$ (f its         
liabilities2 c\ld h turn$ 8 face away f 
x on its failure1 ) su* pati5ce1 or 9 8 
lat] age1 c\ld h allud$ to x s sweetly2 
no ord9>y p]son c\ld h adopt$ a new &   
despis$ c>e] s bravely z he did4 ,no    
j\rnali/ has rais$ lit]ature to s high a
 di/9ction1 or d]iv$ su* l>ge rew>ds = t

 m5tal labor4 ,he des]ves to be call$   
rem>kable1 :o c d all ?is or b a "p ( x1
 &1 all ! "t1 pres]ve ! sunny s]5ity ( 8
 disposition4 ,if ! biography fail$ to  
pres5t ^! traits x 01 inde$1            
unsuccessful4 ,yes1 ,mr4 ,ripley 0 an   
extraord9>y man4 ,x is seldom t "o      
c>ries su* qualities to su* a degree (  
p]fection1 & x may be wor? :ile to look 
m closely at 8 "*4  ,george ,ripley _h a
 passion = lit]>y excell5ce4 ,f 8       
boyhood he possess$ a s+ul>ly bright    
intellig5ce1 a cle> appreciation ( !    
rational aspect ( que/ions4 ,he 0 n an  
ard5t1 passionate1 en?usia/ic man1 ( w>m
 convictions1 vehem5t emotions1 burn+   
ideas4 ,8 feel+s1 ?\gh amiable &        
correct1 7 ( an intellectual ca/4 ,!y   
sprang f a naturally affectionate he>t1 
r ?an f a deeply /irr$ consci5ce1 or an 
en*ant$ s\l4 ,if he _h be5 less heal?y1 
eupeptic1 he w\ld sc>cely h be5 s gay2 a
 vehem5t re=m] he 0 n2 a lead] ( m5 he  
c\ld n be4 ,he _h n ! /uff 9 him = ei!r4
 ,! elem5t ( giv+ 0 n /rong 9 him4 ,he 0

 n an orig9ator 9 ! sph]e ( ?\ght2 n a  
discov]] ( !ories or facts2 n an        
innovator on e/abli%$ cu/oms4 ,b m5tally
 he 0 s quick1 eag]1 receptive1 t he    
seem$ a pione]1 an en?usia/1 a sa9t2 8  
quickness pass+ = insight1 8 eag]ness = 
a passionate love ( progress1 8         
receptivity = *>itabl5ess4 ,he appe>$ to
 be m ( an image-break] ?an he really 04
 ,9 fact1 ! prop5sity to iconoclasm 0 n 
"p ( 8 con/itution4 ,b 8 m9d 0          
wond]fully al]t4 ,he _h 8 antipa?ies1 & 
!y 7 /rong ones1 8 likes & dislikes1 8  
ta/es & di/a/es1 b ^! 7 in/9ctive r ?an 
! expression ( rational pr9ciple or a   
delib]ate conclusion ( 8 judgm5t4 ,9 "o 
in/ance t ,i "k (1 he ?rew (f a man )   
:om he _h be5 associat$ = _m ye>s1 & 9  
connection ) :om he labor$ daily = a "t1
 a v accompli%$ & agreeable p]son to :om
 he 0 indebt$ = "s s]vices1 because he  
?\ght t ! individual 9 "q _h be5 unju/  
to "s ( 8 fri5ds2 b t ?is 0 n entirely a
 matt] ( consci5ce w\ld seem to be      
indicat$ by ! fact t he s5t a message ( 

affection to ?is man1 z he ne>$ ! grave4
 ,9 ! ma91 s f> z he 0 "u control1      
intellectual consid]ations det]m9$ 8    
c\rse4 ,he 0 prevail+ly "u ! influ5ce ( 
m9d2 he act$ 9 view1 a l>ge view1 ( all 
! circum/ances2 z "o :o takes 9 ! :ole  
situation1 & has himself "u comm&4 ,?is 
is n said 9 ! lea/ tone ( disp>agem5t1 b
 entirely 9 8 praise1 = ! supremacy (   
reason is m /eady1 ev51 reliable ?an !  
supremacy ( feel+ h[ev] exalt$ 9 its    
mood4 ,he t is "u ! control ( m9d is at 
all times "u control1 :i* _c be said (  
"o :o is borne along by ! sway ( ev5    
dev\t emotion4 ,i h 9 memory cases :]e  
passion might h betray$ ,mr4 ,ripley    
into conduct he w\ld h regrett$1 _h x n 
be5 = ! re/ra9+ p[] ( purely rational   
consid]ations4 ,8 e>ly religi\s tra9+   
may h produc$ "s effect on 8 "*1 b ?is  
is m likely to h op]at$ at fir/ ?an at !
 lat] /ages ( 8 c>e]4 ,! love ( old     
hymns1 ! habit ( att5d+ sacr$ s]vices1 !
 fondness = ,watts' poems1 a copy ( ^:  
holy songs always lay on 8 table1 %[$ a 

l+]+ atta*m5t to ?is k9d ( s5tim5t up to
 ! end ( 8 life2 b x exi/$ 9 an att5uat$
 =m1 & at no p]iod aft] 8 y\? ex]t$ mu* 
sway ov] him4 ,8 pr$om9at+ b5t 0        
intellectual1 & ?is caus$ a c]ta9       
delicacy1 fa/idi\sness1 alo(ness1 :i*   
kept him 9 ! atmosph]e ( love z well z (
 light4  ,f 8 y\? ?is 0 8 lead+         
*>act]i/ic4 ,z a boy he 0 ambiti\s (    
mak+ a diction>y1 a sign ( 8 c>efulness 
9 ! use ( words1 & an om5 ( ! value he 0
 to set on def9itions & on exactness 9 !
 employm5t ( language4 ,at s*ool he 0 an
 excell5t s*ol>1 at college he /ood     
second1 b 0 graduat$ fir/ ow+ to !      
susp5sion ( a brilliant classmate :o    
might h excell$ him b = ! mi%ap ( a     
college riot 9 :i* he took "p4 ,9 !     
languages & 9 lit]ature he 0 unusually  
pr(ici5t1 :ile 9 ma!matics1--t mo/      
ab/ract1 sev]e1 precise ( pursuits1--8  
success 0 di/+ui%$4 ,9 lat]-life 8      
devotion to philosophy m>k$ ! man (     
speculative ta/es4 ,8 e>ly lett]s to 8  
fa!r1 "m1 si/]1 reveal a consci\sness ( 

8 own peculi>ities4 ,"h are extracts3   
,! c\rse ( /udies adopt$ "h ,cambridge1 
9 ! op9ion (      compet5t judges1 is   
s+ul>ly calculat$ to =m s*ol>s1 &       
moreov]1 correct & accurate s*ol>s2 to  
inure ! m9d to      pr(\nd ?\ght &      
habits ( inve/igation & reason+4        
,! prospect ( devot+ my days to !       
acquisition &      communication ( k is 
bright & *e]+4 ,?is employm5t      ,i   
w\ld n ex*ange = ! mo/ elevat$ situation
 ( weal? or      p[]4 ,"o ( ! happie/   
/eps1 ,i ?9k1 t ,i h ev] tak5      0 !  
comm5cem5t ( a c\rse ( /udy1 & x is my  
wi% &      ef=t t my future progress may
 give sub/antial evid5ce ( x4       ,i  
"k t my peculi> habits ( m9d1 imp]fect z
 !y are1      /rongly impel me to ! pa? 
( active intellectual ef=t2 & if      ,i
 am to be at any "t ( any use to        
society1 or a satisfaction to           
myself or my fri5ds1 x w be 9 ! way ( "s
 retir$      lit]>y situation1 :]e a    
fondness = /udy & a k (      books w be 
m requisite ?an ! busy1 calculat+ m9d ( 

a      man 9 ! bus9ess "p ( ! community4
 ,i d n mean by ?is      t any pr(ession
 is desir$ b ! "o to :i* ,i h be5       
long look+4 ,my wi% is only to ent] t   
pr(ession ) all !      enl>gem5t ( m9d &
 ext5t ( in=mation :i* ! be/            
in/itutions c af=d4  ,^! quotations are 
en\gh to %[ :at 0 ! prevail+ impulse ( !
 man4 ,an intellectual nature l ?is1    
calm1 /udi\s1 accompli%$1 eag]1 is      
subject to few surprises & exp]i5ces    
r>ely1 if ev]1 m>k$ by crises1          
cataclysms1 eruptions1 9 pass+ f "o     
condition ( ?\ght to ano!r at ! opposite
 extreme ( ! spiritual univ]se4 ,a      
process ( gr[?1 gradual1 easy1          
motionless1 takes ! place ( commotion & 
viol5t upro> su* z passionate temp]am5ts
 are expos$ to4 ,9 #ahba he writes to 8 
si/] f ,h>v>d ,college3 ,we are n[ /udy+
 ,locke1 an au?or :o has done m to =m ! 
m9d to habits ( accurate reason+ & s\nd 
?\ght ?an almo/ any o!r4 ,on ! #ai? (   
,septemb]1 #ahcf1 ! fir/ meet+ ( !      
,transc5d5tal ,club 0 held at 8 h\se 9  

,bo/on4 ,9 #ahch he repli$ to ,&rews    
,norton's criticism ( ,mr4 ,em]son's    
,address be=e ! ,alumni ( ! ,cambridge  
,div9ity ,s*ool4 ,9 #ahdj he said to 8  
congregation 9 ,pur*ase ,/reet3         
,!re is a faculty 9 all--! mo/ degrad$1 
! mo/ ignorant1      ! mo/ obscure--to  
p]ceive spiritual tru? :5 di/9ctly      
pres5t$2 & ! ultimate appeal on all     
moral que/ions is n to      a jury (    
s*ol>s1 a conclave ( div9es1 or !       
prescriptions (      a cre$1 b to !     
common-s5se ( ! human race4  ,b ?is     
sub/itution ( ! intuitive = ! s5sational
 philosophy--a *ange :i* affect$ all !  
processes ( 8 ?\ght & actually caus$ a  
revolution 9 8 m9d--0 made sil5tly1     
quietly1 )\t agitation1 )\t triumph1 9 a
 sob]1 cons]vative mann]1 v diff]5t f t 
( 8 fri5d ,!odore ,p>k]1 :o c>ri$ ! same
 doctr9es a good deal fur!r1 & advocat$ 
!m ) m heat l ! burly re=m] he 04  ,9   
religion1 ,mr4 ,ripley's position 0 !   
same t x 0 9 philosophy4 ,9 fact !      
intellectual side ( religion int]e/$ him

 m ?an ! spiritual or exp]im5tal side4  
,x 0 ma9ly a speculative matt]1 :]e x 0 
n speculative x 0 practical2 9 ea* ev5t 
x conc]n$ ! head r ?an ! he>t1 z be+ an 
op9ion r ?an a feel+4 ,he 0 in/ruct$ 9 !
 s*ool ( or?odoxy1 &1 z a y\?1 0 /rict 9
 8 allegiance to ! old sy/em ( belief2 b
 he became a disciple ( ,dr4 ,*ann+1 &  
lat] a rationali/ ( ! ord] ( ,!odore    
,p>k]1 a fri5d ( ,em]son1 an adh]5t (   
:at 0 newe/ 9 !ology4 ,yet1 9 ?is       
extreme dep>ture f ! views ( 8 e>ly     
ye>s1 he betray$ no sign ( agitation1 no
 trace ( int]nal suff]+4 ,he wi%$ to g  
to ,yale in/ead ( ,h>v>d1 because !     
temptations incid5t to a college1 we h  
reason to ?9k1 are less at ,yale ?an at 
,cambridge4 ,he pref]r$ ,&ov] to        
,cambridge1 be+ conv9c$ t !             
opportunities = close inve/igation ( !  
,scriptures are sup]ior to ^? at        
,cambridge1 & ! _s ( ! place1 mu* relax$
 f its =m] sev]e & gloomy bigotry is m  
favorable to a tone ( decid$ piety4     
,/ill1 he goes to ,cambridge1 is mu*    

disappo9t$ 9 :at he _h le>n$ ( !        
religi\s "* ( ! s*ool1 &1 on m intimate 
acqua9tance is impress$ by ! dep? &     
purity ( _! religi\s feel+ & ! holy     
simplicity ( _! lives2 en\gh to humble &
 %ame ^? :o _h be5 long pr(essors (     
,*ri/ianity1 & _h pret5d$ to sup]ior    
sanctity4 ,9 #ahbd a bold article 9 !   
,*ri/ian ,disciple1 a ,unit>ian j\rnal1 
! precursor ( ! ,*ri/ian ,exam9]1 excit$
 a good deal ( comm5t1 n to say         
appreh5sion4 ,he writes to 8 si/] ab\t x
 z foll[s3       ,y ask$ me to say      
some?+ ab\t ! article 9 ! ,disciple4    
,= myself1 ,i freely confess t ,i ?9k x 
a useful ?+ &      correct4 ,! vigor (  
my or?odoxy1 :i* is commonly pretty     
susceptible1 0 n (f5d$4 ,n[1 if y h any 
objections      :i* y c accurately &    
def9itely /ate1 no d\bt !re is          
some?+ 9 x :i* _h escap$ my notice4 ,if 
y\r dislike is      only a mi/y1 unc]ta9
 feel+ ab\t some?+1 y "k n :at1      x 7
 well to get fairly rid ( x by ! be/    
means4  ,! same ye> he writes to 8 "m3  

,i am no p>tisan ( any sect1 b ,i mu/   
rejoice 9 see+ any      progress t[>ds !
 conviction t ,*ri/ianity is inde$ glad 
tid+s ( great joy1 & t 9 its orig9al    
purity x 0 a      v diff]5t ?+ f ! sy/em
 t is popul>ly prea*$1      & :i* is    
/ill receiv$ z reasonable & scriptural  
by m5 &      wom51 :o 9 o!r respects are
 s5sible & correct 9 _!      judgm5ts4  
,:5 %all we le>n t )\t ! _s ( ,*ri/ we  
are none ( u ,88 ,i tru/ ,i am n becom+ 
a p>tisan or a      bigot4 ,i h suff]$  
en\gh1 & too mu*1 9 su/a9+ ^?           
*>act]s1 9 e>li]1 m inexp]i5c$1 & m     
ignorant      ye>s2 b ,i h no prospects 
( e>?ly happ9ess m invit+      ?an t (  
prea*+ ! tru?1 ) ! humble hope (        
impress+ x on ! m9d ) great] =ce1       
purity1 & effect      ?an ,i c\ld d )   
any o!r ?an my pres5t conviction4  ,9   
#ahdj ! m9i/ry 0 ab&on$ =ev]1 = m secul>
 pursuits4 ,aft] #ahdi 8 activities 7   
:olly lit]>y2 he _h no connection )     
!ology1 & none :o did n "k 8 pa/        
suspect$ t he _h once be5 a cl]gyman4   

,! same ca/ ( ?\ght1 n pale 9 8 case1   
suffus$ 8 action at ,brook ,f>m & made a
 ,utopia quiet1 calm1 dignifi$1 p]vad$  
by ! radiance ( m9d1 ! g5tle en?usiasm (
 ! intellect4 ,! heat came 9 ! ma9 f o!r
 s\rces4 ,he 0 receptive r ?an orig9al1 
inflammable r ?an fi]y1 brilliant r ?an 
w>m4 ,! heat 0 suppli$ by ^? ne> him1 by
 ^? he tru/$1 & by ^? he lov$4 ,n t he 0
 defici5t 9 conc]n = society2 f> f x2 b 
8 int]e/ 0 m philosophical ?an          
philan?ropic4 ,! subject ( an           
association t %\ld comb9e intellectual &
 me*anical labor & %\ld dim9i% ! di/ance
 betwe5 ! till] ( ! gr\nd & ! educator 0
 agitat$ among ! ?9k]s he 0 intimate )4 
,dr4 ,*ann+ _h su* a project at he>t4   
,mrs4 ,ripley burn$ ) humane            
anticipations4 ,plans = social          
reg5]ation 7 9 ! air4 ,x 0 impossible = 
"o :o liv$ 9 ! mid/ ( ard5t spirits1 or 
0 s5sitive to f9e impressions1 or 0     
cultivat$ 9 an ideal wisdom t 0 n ( ?is 
_w1 to escape ! contagion ( ?is k9d (   
optimism2 ,em]son 0 sav$ by 8 belief 9  

individual gr[?2 ,p>k] by 8 /eady       
common-s5se2 o!rs 7 protect$ by _!      
cons]vatism ( temp]am5t or (            
association1 by _! want ( c\rage1 or _! 
want ( fai?2 b m5 & wom5 ( ideal        
prop5sities1 l ,na?aniel ,haw?orne1 ,w4 
,h4 ,*ann+1 ,j4 ,s4 ,dwight1 jo9$ !     
community1 :i* promis$ a new era =      
,humanity4 ,mr4 ,ripley w\ld probably h 
left ! m9i/ry at any rate1 = x _h become
 di/a/eful to him1 b x is n likely t he 
w\ld h und]tak5 ! managem5t ( ,brook    
,f>m unless he _h be5 assur$ ( its      
success2 = he 0 a ,new ,engl& y\? by    
bir? & by disposition1 prud5t1 c>eful1  
?rifty2 8 v en?usiasm 0 ( ! ,new ,engl& 
type1 ! product ( !ological ideas1 a    
creation ( ! gospels1 a desire to       
introduce ! ,k+dom ( ,heav51 a          
cont9uance ( ! prophetic call+4 ,new    
,engl& is z not$ = its fanaticism z x is
 = its !ology4 ,its fanaticism is !     
(fspr+ ( its !ology1 & 9 proportion z   
its !ology disappe>s its fanaticism     
decreases4 ,9 ,mr4 ,ripley's case !     

!ology _h rea*$ v ne> to its la/        
att5uation & ! fanaticism _h tap]$ (f   
into a g5tle en?usiasm4 ,he und]took to 
e/abli% a k+dom ( heav5 on e>? because  
he _h giv5 up ! expectation ( a k+dom ( 
heav5 9 ! skies2 & he und]took to       
e/abli% a k+dom ( heav5 on e>? by       
rational1 economic means1 n by religi\s 
int]v5tions4 ,he 0 subject to t peculi> 
k9d ( excitem5t t comes to a few p 9    
connection ) ! ke5 ex]cise ( _!         
intellectual p[]s1 :5 !y h laid hold (  
:at seems to !m a pr9ciple--an excitem5t
 t is easily mi/ak5 = moral e>ne/ness   
ev5 by "o :o is "u its influ5ce1 :i*1   
inde$1 lies s close to moral e>ne/ness z
 to feel quickly ! effect ( moral       
e>ne/ness 9 o!rs1 not)/&+ ! *ecks appli$
 by practical wisdom4 ,mr4 ,ripley _h   
/ruck on a !ory ( society1 :i* at t "t 0
 pass+ f ! phase ( feel+ into ! phase ( 
philosophy4 ,! !ory 0 9 ! air2 ! mo/    
susceptible spirits 7 full ( x2 all     
noble impulses 7 9 its favor1 x belong$ 
to ! ord] ( ?\ght he _h atta9$2 x 0     

native to ! aspirations t inflam$ ! m5 &
 wom5 ) :om he 0 mo/ intimate2 _! feel+s
 awoke 8 intellect1 & he 0 c>ri$ away by
 a /ream :]e( he appe>$ to himself to be
 a tribut>y & :]e( he appe>$ to o!rs z !
 ma9 curr5t1 on acc\nt ( 8 impetuosity1 
& ! vigor ) :i* he proce$$ to put ! idea
 into practice4 ,9 8 own m9d he 0       
realiz+ ! dream ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 b1 9 
fact1 he 0 te/+ a pr9ciple ( :i* ! ,new 
,te/am5t 0 q unconsci\s1 ! mod]n        
pr9ciple ( ! equal de/9ies ( all m54 ,he
 _h ab&on$ ! ,new ,te/am5t gr\nd (      
allegiance to ,jehovah1 & _h adopt$ !   
human gr\nd ( fidelity to social law4   
,he 0 /ill "u ! spell ( religi\s        
emotions1 b !y _h become m]g$ 9 !       
ab/ractions ( rationalism & m]ely l5t an
 add$ gl[ to 8 ideas1 s t he c\ld       
readily imag9e t he 0 actuat$ by        
spiritual convictions :51 9 fact1 he 0  
do+ duty z a disciple ( sociali/        
philosoph]s4 ,8 own int]e/ 9 ,brook ,f>m
 0 9 ! ma9 speculative1 ?\gh ?r\gh 8    
p]sonal sympa?ies he 0 mov$ t[>d an     

ent]prise t _h moral ends 9 view4  ,once
 emb>k$ 9 x1 he gave 8 :ole m9d to its  
accompli%m5t1--all 8 indu/ry1 all 8     
organiz+ tal5t1 all 8 high s5se ( duty4 
,he work$ day & night2 he wrote lett]s2 
he answ]$ inquiries2 he ma/]$ ! sci5ce (
 agriculture2 he did ! labor ( a        
practical f>m]2 he ma9ta9$ ! sup]vision 
( ! /range family t ga!r$ ab\t him4 ,v  
rem>kable 0 8 success 9 keep+ !         
intellectual side upp]mo/1 9 keep+ cle> 
( ! temptations to give way to in/9ctive
 lean+s4 ,8 associations 7 ) books &    
/udy & bright p4 ,he br\ght ! mo/       
brilliant m5 & wom5 ( ! day to ! place4 
,he awak5$ ! int]e/ ( ! g5]al community4
 ,he diffus$ an atmosph]e ( *e]ful hope 
ar\nd ! exp]im5t4 ,x is easy to make    
sport ( ,brook ,f>m2 to laugh at ! odd  
folks :o came !re2 to ridicule _!       
motives & actions2 to repeat /ories (   
extravagant conduct2 to tell ( !        
ecc5tric behavior ( m5 & maid5s :o 7    
"r-m9d$ b impulsive2 to foll[           
spontane\sness to its results2 to trace 

! c\rse ( unre/rict$ lib]ty4 ,b x is n  
fair to rememb] ^! ?+s z peculi>ities ( 
,brook ,f>m1 z incid5ts ( its           
conception1 or z incid5ts t 7 agreeable 
to ,mr4 ,ripley4 ,he ex]t$ ! :ole weight
 ( 8 "* aga9/ !m4 ,he wat*$ & gu>d$4 ,we
 d n he> ( him 9 connection ) ! sc&als1 
! laxities1 or ! frolics4 ,8 ef=ts 7    
direct$ to ! supremacy ( ideas ov]      
in/9ct1 ! idea ( a reg5]at$ society1    
some?+ v diff]5t f joy\sness1 or        
m]rim5t1 or ! fun ( hav+ a good "t4 ,he1
 too1 0 gay2 he felt ! delight ( fre$om2
 b 8 gayety 0 born ( happy confid5ce 9 !
 pr9ciple at /ake1 8 delight 0 connect$ 
) ! adv5t ( a new me?od ( int]c\rse     
among m54 ,i rememb] he>+ him once      
deliv] a spee* 9 ,bo/on4 ,9 x he spoke (
 ! fooli%ness ( prea*+1 & av[$ 8        
will+ness to be a pione] 9 ! task (     
break+ out a new future = humanity1 a   
dit*] & delv] 9 ! "w ( con/ruct+ ! new  
build+ ( ,god4 ,he _h ! com+ "t         
cont9ually 9 view4 ,o!rs might enjoy    
!mselves1 o!rs might gr[ tir$ ( wait+1 b

 he held smil+ on 8 way1 det]m9$ to c>ry
 out ! idea to ! end4 ,!re 0 some?+ gr& 
9 ! /eady intellectual =ce ) :i* he did 
8 be/ to c>ry ?r\gh a pr9ciple t comm&$ 
m & m ! ass5t ( 8 reason4 ,:5 !         
demon/ration ( ,*>les ,f\ri] 0 laid be=e
 him1 no argum5t 0 requir$ to p]suade   
him to adopt x4 ,he took x up ) all 8   
en]gy2 8 en?usiasm rose to a high] pit* 
?an ev]2 ! rationale ( ! movem5t 0      
reveal$ to him1 & app>5tly he saw = !   
fir/ "t ! full significance ( ! s*eme he
 _h be5 conduct+4 ,! impell+ p[] ( an   
intellectual conviction 0 nev] m        
spl5didly illu/rat$4 ,nobody disc]n$ s  
cle>ly z he did ! f9ancial hopelessness 
( ! exp]im5t4 ,nobody felt ! burd5 (    
responsibility z he felt x4 ,yet he did 
n fl9* = a mom5t1 & 8 pati5t assumption 
( ! indebt$ness at la/ _h ! /amp ( real 
h]oism ^u x4 ,8 r5ewal ( ! mo/ pa9ful   
traditions ( ,grub ,/reet until !       
liabilities ( ,brook ,f>m 7 cle>$ (f is 
"o ( ! noble hi/ories1 a hi/ory t _c be 
told 9 detail because ( ! mode/y :i* has

 left no record ( toil und]gone or duty 
done4 ,! old simile ( ! sun /ruggl+ )   
cl\ds1 & gradually cle>+ itself z ! day 
we>s on1 be/ illu/rates my view ( ?is   
man's accompli%m5t4 ,!re 7 ! cl\ds (    
or?odoxy :i* 7 burn$ away at ,cambridge4
 ,!n came ! cl\ds ( ,unit>ian div9ity1  
:i* 7 dispell$ by ! transc5d5tal        
philosophy4 ,^! 7 succe$$ by ! d>k      
vapors ( ! m9i/ry1 & ^! by ! s5tim5tal  
philan?ropy ( ,new ,engl& rationalism4  
,at l5g? 8 intellect broke ?r\gh ^!     
obscurations & %[$ :at x truly 04  ,on !
 failure ( ,brook ,f>m & ! f9al         
dismissal ( all plans = creat+ society  
anew1 ,mr4 ,ripley's faculties em]g$ 9  
_! full /r5g?4 ,! ,new ,engl& elem5t 0  
)drawn4 ,!re 0 no long] ?\ght = !ology  
or re=m1 b solely = k & lit]ature4 ,9   
,bo/on he _h tak5 on himself e          
opprobri\s epi!t4 ,9 8 f9al lett] to 8  
congregation he av[s 8 int]e/ 9         
temp]ance1 anti-slav]y1 peace1 !        
projects = break+ d[n social di/9ctions2
 simply1 x w\ld seem1 because 8         

philosophy1 fall+ 9 ) popul> s5tim5t1   
po9t$ t way2 = he 0 nev] publicly       
id5tifi$ ) any ( ^! causes1 or rank$ by 
re=m]s 9 ! ord] ( innovators4 ,inde$1 "o
 ( ! old ,abolitioni/s told me t %e _h  
nev] associat$ him ) ! anti-slav]y p1   
?\gh h] family w5t to 8 *ur*4 ,9 ,new   
,york !re 0 no pret5ce ( ?is k9d4 ,!    
devotion to lit]ature absorb$ 8         
att5tion4 ,8 democratic conc]n = !      
work+m5 cont9u$1 b 9 a !oretical mann]1 
if we may judge f ! fact t he took no "p
 9 dome/ic or =eign demon/rations1 t he 
made no spee*1 att5d$ no meet+1 consort$
 ) no social re=m]s1 did n ev5 keep up 8
 intimacy ) ! orig9al lead]s ( socialism
 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,:5 ! sadness ( 8 fir/   
wife's dea? 0 ov]1 & ! drudg]y ( toil 0 
end$1 he 0 happi] ?an he _h ev] be54 ,no
 "t 0 wa/$2 no tal5t 0 misus$4 ,m5tal   
labor 0 incessant1 b 9 p]=m+ x !re 0    
pure delight4 ,x is usual to ?9k ( 8    
e>ly life z 8 be/1 & !re 7 "s :o reg>d$ 
him z an ext9ct volcano2 b ,i am ( !    
op9ion t 8 latt] ye>s 7 8 mo/           

*>act]i/ic1 & t he 0 mo/ entirely       
himself :5 8 intellectual nature came to
 its full play4 ,9 proportion z ! old5  
?\ghts1 ! _s's pall1 fell (f1 he became 
peaceful & sweet2 8 view backw>d & =w>d 
became cle>1 8 purpose /eady1 8 w s]5e4 
,! pa/ 0 di/a/eful to him & he seldom   
allud$ to x2 b z "o puts 8 *ildhood & 8 
age toge!r1 a /eady developm5t is se5 to
 run ?r\gh bo?4 ,8 c\ld n be a cl\dless 
day1 b he w5t on f glory to glory4 ,8   
age m ?an ju/ifi$ ! promise ( 8 y\?4 ,9 
8 latt] ye>s he befri5d$ aspir+ "y m52  
he made lit]ature a p[] 9 ,am]ica2 he   
?rew a dignity ar\nd toil2 he associat$ 
k ) happ9ess1 & r5d]$ light & love      
h>moni\s4 ,8 favorite au?or 0 ,goe!1 !  
apo/le ( culture4 ,8 famili>ity )       
,sa9te-,beuve1 ! ma/] ( lit]>y          
criticism1 0 s great1 t on occasion ( t 
writ]'s decease1 he sat d[n & wrote an  
acc\nt ( him )\t rec\rse to books4 ,?\gh
 )\t k ( art1 de/itute ( ta/e = music1 &
 defici5t 9 ae/hetic appreciation1 8    
sympa?y 0 s l>ge & true t ^! defici5cies

 7 n felt4 ,! intellectual sun%9e 0 %$  
ov] ! entire nature1 & ! book 0 s       
univ]sal t x seem$ to embrace ev]y?+4   
,?is is ! prop]ty ( pure m9d1 r>ely se5 
9 su* p]fection ( lucidity4 ,su* a m9d  
is at once cons]vative & radical2       
cons]vative z treasur+ ! pa/1 radical z 
anticipat+ improvem5t 9 ! future4 ,!re  
is no?+ l fanaticism1 b a bright look 9 
e direction1 a place = all sorts (      
accompli%m5ts1 hospitality to ea* new   
inv5tion1 a radiant acceptance ( all    
temp]am5ts4 ,! m9d _c be sup]/iti\s1 = x
 _c believe t div9e p[]s are id5tifi$ ) 
mat]ial objects or occasional accid5ts2 
x _c be ev] sangu9e z ^? are :o indulge 
9 ab/ract visions ( good1 = x kn[s t    
progress is v sl[ & gradual1 & t !      
welf>e ( mank9d is advanc$ by ! process 
( civilization1 by cultivation1         
acquirem5t1 ref9em5t1 ! ga9s ( weal?1   
elegance1 & delicacy ( ta/e4 ,x judges  
by rational /&>ds1 n by s5tim5tal       
feel+s1 accept+ imp]fection z !         
inevitable condition ( human affairs &  

b\nd$ *>act]s4 ,x is n expos$ to !      
convulsions t accompany ev5 ! mo/ exalt$
 moods1 b calmly labors & quietly hopes 
= ! future4  ,i d n say t ,george       
,ripley 0 su* a m9d1 m]ely t 8 t5d5cy 0 
9 t direction4 ,he 0 limit$ by          
traditions2 he _h too _m prejudices4 ,! 
axioms ( ! transc5d5tal philosophy clung
 to him4 ,! %r$s ( religion hung ab\t   
him4 ,he c\ld n dive/ himself ( ! anci5t
 cl]ical memories & ways1 nor :olly ?r[ 
(f ! mantle ( p]sonal sympa?y he _h s   
long worn4 ,he 0 n completely secul>4   
,t he 0 a p]fect man is less evid5t     
/ill4 ,8 sunny quality 0 due 9 "s degree
 to a happy temp]am5t1 & 0 subject to ! 
eclipses t d>k5 ! bl&e/ natures1 & r5d] 
sombre ! mo/ hil>i\s spirits4 ,he lack$ 
! /eadfa/ c\rage ( conviction1 0 some:at
 ov]-prud5t & timid1 afraid ( pa91 (    
popul> disapproval1 ( criticism &       
opposition4 ,?is may h be5 due 9 "p to 8
 frequ5t disappo9tm5ts & ! c>efulness !y
 =c$ ^u him1 to ! di/ru/ 9 8 own judgm5t
 :i* he _h occasion to le>n1 & !        

necessity ( conf9+ 8 action to ! po9t   
imm$iately be=e him4 ,b ,i am incl9$ to 
?9k t ?is appreh5siv5ess 0              
con/itutional4 ,if x is sugge/$ by way (
 objection t ! bold exp]im5t ( ,brook   
,f>m1 made 9 ! face ( obloquy & d]ision1
 indicat$ moral c\rage ( a high /amp1 ,i
 w\ld rem9d ! critic ( ! w>m approbation
 ( 8 fri5ds1 & ! confid5t expectation ( 
success on ! "p ( ^? he 0 intimate )4 ,8
 wife n m]ely gave him h] c\nt5ance b   
/imulat$ 8 zeal1 & surr\nd$ him e day ) 
an atmosph]e ( fai?4 ,he _h ! applause (
 ,dr4 ,*ann+1 & ! support ( 8 brilliant 
nephew4 ,m5 l ,haw?orne1 ,ellis ,gray   
,lor+1 ,george ,/e>ns1 n to m5tion o!rs1
 urg$ him on4 ,8 own well-belov$ si/] 0 
"o ( 8 ard5t coadjutors4 ,he _h hopes ( 
,em]son4 ,9 %ort1 s f> f be+ alone1 he  
/ood 9 an influ5tial company1 & in/ead (
 8 be+ altoge!r unpopul> 0 encompass$ by
 ! good-w ( ^? he priz$ mo/4 ,x w\ld h  
requir$ c\rage to resi/ su* influ5ces4  
,besides1 he 0 inflat$ by a mom5t>y     
en?usiasm :i* c>ri$ him along 9 spite ( 

himself & w\ld n all[ 8 judgm5t to "w4  
,a sudd5 /orm /ruck him1 lift$ unusual  
waves1 caus$ unexampl$ spurts ( foam1   
made ! ord9>ily quiet wat] boi/]\s &    
dang]\s1 & ?rew long l9es ( break]s on !
 coa/1 s t :at 0 a /ill lake became ( a 
sudd5 a tempe/u\s sea4 ,"o mu/ n ha/ily 
imag9e t ! wat] _h become an ocean1 or t
 x 0 really an ,atlantic =m]ly suppos$  
to be a pool4  ,!n x mu/ be said he lov$
 money too well4 ,?is infirmity 0 n     
native to him1 b mu/ probably be imput$ 
to e>ly pov]ty1 ! necessity ( work+ h>d 
9 ord] to pay debts n altoge!r ( 8 own  
contract+1 ?us pl$g+ ! meagre income ( !
 fir/ sixty ye>s ( 8 life4 ,8 f9al      
income 0 l>ge1 b x 0 e>n$ by incessant  
lit]>y toil1 :i* naturally r5d]$ him    
av>ici\s ( ! rew>ds t might come to him4
 ,8 g5]osity did n h a fair *ance to %[ 
itself outside ( 8 family4 ,!re x 0     
lavi%1 b !re x 0 too mu* mix$ up )      
affection1 duty1 & pride to be cr$it$ to
 8 manhood4 ,he did n live long en\gh1  
ei!r1 to atta9 complete sup]iority ov] 8

 accid5ts4 ,he 0 already an old man be=e
 he _h money = 8 wants4 ,i rememb] meet+
 him on ,broadway 9 #ahfa1 ! ye> ( 8    
wife's dea?1 & he said3 ,my grief is    
embitt]$ by ! ?\ght t %e di$ j z ,i 0   
gett+ able to obta9 = h] :at %e ne$$4   
,he 0 !n fifty-n9e ye>s ( age4 ,x _c be 
expect$ t any impulse ( g5]osity w      
ov]come ! habits ( a life-"t at s       
advanc$ a p]iod z ?is4 ,t !y %[$        
!mselves at all is rem>kable1 &         
e/abli%es z well _! p[] z _! exi/5ce4   
,9 a ^w1 ?is man 0 too heavily weight$  
by circum/ances to d 8 g5ius full       
ju/ice4 ,he seem$ to be two individuals1
 ) little 9 common betwe5 !m4 ,z "o     
look$ at 8 pa/ or at 8 pres5t1 8 real "*
 0 diff]5tly judg$4 ,! mo/ plausible    
acc\nt ( him 0 t :i* suppos$ ! exp]i5ces
 to be buri$ 9 a deep grave1 :i* 0      
seldom uncov]$ ev5 by ! man himself1 :o 
liv$ 9 ! day be=e him1 & r>ely glanc$   
back save to m\rn ov] or to make sport (
 8 =m] c>e]4 ,! only way ( e/abli%+ a   
unity 9 8 hi/ory is to conc$e !         

supremacy ( ! intellectual quality ov] !
 moral 9 8 fir/ endeavors4 ,! prejudice 
9 favor ( ! moral 0 & is s /rong t to   
ma9ta9 ?is supremacy w seem l a         
condemnation ( him1 ?\gh meant 9 8      
praise4 ,he probably w\ld s h consid]$  
x1 especially :5 c>ri$ away by ! flood (
 memories4 ,x 0 easy = him to be mi/ak54
 ,8 m]it consi/s 9 ! en]gy ( ! reason   
:i* made headway aga9/ a ho/ (          
disadvantages & a*iev$ some?+ resembl+ a
 victory 9 ! end4 ,"s "t h5ce1 :5 !     
homage paid to s5tim5t %all h yield$ to 
! wor%ip ( k1 ,george ,ripley w be      
reg>d$ z "o ( ! e>lie/ apo/les ( !      
light4  ,all ^! greatly enri*$ my life 9
 ,new ,york1 op5$ new sph]es ( activity1
 & enl>g$ my :ole horizon1 bo?          
intellectually & socially4 ,_! v>iety1  
ela/icity1 & vigor 9 _m fields (        
intellectual =ce add$ mu* to ! ext5sion 
( my view1 & act$1 n m]ely z a          
refre%m5t1 b also z a /imulus4     ,,xv4
 ,,! ,,pres5t ,,situation4   ,! progress
 ( m9d is cont9u\s4 ,/rictly speak+1 !re

 are no p]iods ( transition1 no crises 9
 ?\ght4 ,! hi/ory ( ideas pres5ts no    
gap4 ,e /age beg9s & ends an epo*4 ,"o  
is (t5 rem9d$ ( ! common notion t ! ye> 
beg9s & ends at a p>ticul> mom5t4 ,e day
 beg9s & ends a ye>2 e h\r is equally   
sacr$4 ,yet solemn ?\ght1 wor%ip1       
self-exam9ation1 are preci\s1 & ^! c be 
secur$ only by ! obs]vance ( times &    
seasons2 s t we fall on our knees & pray
 :5 ! old ye> ends & ! new "o beg9s4    
,s1 z a po9t ( "t mu/ be fix$ ^u1 we w  
beg9 ) ,?omas ,pa9e4 ,x is n easy to    
speak fully & ju/ly ( ,pa9e1 because 9 s
 do+ we mu/ speak ( ! misappreh5sions & 
mis-/atem5ts ( :i* he has be5 ! victim2 
& ev5 if we refute ^!1 ! b>e m5tion ( !m
 leaves a /a9 on 8 fame4 ,no d\bt 8     
me?od--application ( common-s5se to     
religion--0 ess5tially vici\s4          
,common-s5se is an admirable quality 9  
practical affairs1 q indisp5sable 9 !   
managem5t ( bus9ess ( all k9ds1 b x has 
no place 9 ! discussion ( works ( !     
high] imag9ation--( poetry1 art1 music1 

or fai?4 ,b su* 0 ! man's g5ius1 su* 0 !
 dem& ( 8 age4 ,x is easy to speak ( 8  
ignorance1 8 co>s5ess1 8 impud5ce1 8    
vanity2 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t 8         
education 0 v imp]fect1 = he 0 utt]ly   
ignorant ( any language b 8 own1 & he   
did n1 app>5tly1 read ev5 ! ,engli%     
dei/s2 t he 0 a man ( ! p2 t he liv$ 9  
an age ( revolutions2 t he /ood = !     
rights ( common humanity4 ,x mu/ be     
rememb]$ also t1 9 ! fir/ place1 he     
br\ght ! human m9d face to face )       
problems :i* _h be5 appropriat$ by a    
special class t consid]$ itself exempt f
 criticism4 ,9 ! next place he 0 9 dead 
e>ne/2 n attack+ ! ,bible or religion   
out ( flippancy or brutality1 b because 
he really hat$ ! int]pretations t 7     
usually giv5 ( sacr$ ?+s2 8 attack 0    
aga9/ or?odoxy1 n aga9/ fai?4 ,8        
blasphemy1 says ,leslie ,/eph51 0 n     
aga9/ ! ,supreme ,god1 b aga9/ ,jehovah4
 ,he 0 v9dicat+ ! rul] ( ! univ]se f !  
imputations :i* believ]s 9 lit]al       
inspiration & dogmatical !ology _h heap$

 ^u him "u ! disguise ( homage4 ,he 0   
d5y+ t ! ,god be=e :om reasonable       
creatures %\ld b[ 9 rev]5ce c\ld be !   
sup]natural tyrant ( prie/ly imag9ation1
 :o 0 responsible = ,jewi% massacres1 :o
 favor$ a petty clan at ! exp5se ( 8 o!r
 creatures1 :o puni%$ ! innoc5t = !     
guilty1 :o light$ ! fires ( ev]la/+     
torm5t = ! masses ( mank9d1 & :o gave a 
monopoly ( 8 favor to prie/s or a few   
favor$ en?usia/s4 ,pa9e1 9 %ort1 ) all 8
 brutality1 _h ! consci5ce ( 8 he>]s on 
8 side1 & we mu/ pref] 8 r\gh exposure (
 popul> errors to ! unconsci\s blasphemy
 ( 8 support]s4 ,!n ,pa9e did love 8    
k9d2 he abhorr$ cruelty1 & desir$1 aft] 
8 fa%ion1 to elevate 8 race4  ,examples 
( ?is are num]\s4 ,at ! "t :5 ! ,common 
,s5se & ,crisis 7 hav+ an enorm\s sale1 
! dem& = ! =m] rea*+ n less ?an "o      
hundr$ ?\s& copies1 & bo? toge!r (f]+ to
 ! au?or pr(its t w\ld h made him ri*1  
,pa9e freely gave ! copyright to e ,/ate
 9 ! ,union4 ,9 8 p]iod ( public favor &
 ( intimate fri5d%ip ) ! f\nd]s ( !     

gov]nm5t1 ,pa9e decl9$ to accept any    
place or (fice ( emolum5t1 say+3 ,i mu/ 
be 9 ev]y?+1 z ,i h ev] be51 a dis9t]e/$
 volunte]4 ,my prop] sph]e ( action is  
on ! common floor ( citiz5%ip1 & to     
hone/ m5 ,i give my h& & he>t freely4 ,!
 ,/ate ( ,virg9ia made a l>ge claim on !
 g5]al gov]nm5t = l&s4 ,?omas ,pa9e     
oppos$ ! claim z unreasonable & unju/1  
?\gh at t v "t !re 0 a resolution be=e !
 legislature ( ,virg9ia to appropriate  
to him a h&some sum ( money = s]vices   
r5d]$4 ,9 #agig1 ,pa9e 0 ! *ief promot] 
( ! society ( ,!ophilan?ropi/s1 ^:      
object 0 ! ext9ction ( religi\s         
prejudices1 ! ma9t5ance ( morality1 & ! 
diffusion ( fai? 9 "o ,god4 ,x is want (
 feel+1 says ?is he>tless blasphem]1 to 
talk ( prie/s & bells1 :ile infants are 
p]i%+ 9 hospitals1 & ! ag$ & infirm poor
 are dy+ 9 ! /reets4 ,9 #aggd1 ,pa9e    
publi%$ 9 ! ,p5nsylvania ,j\rnal1 a     
/rong1 anti-slav]y essay4 ,:ile cl]k 9 !
 ,p5nsylvania ,legislature he made an   
appeal 9 behalf ( ! army1 !n 9 extreme  

di/ress1 & subscrib$ 8 entire sal>y = ! 
ye> to ! fund t 0 rais$4 ,t[>ds ! close 
( 8 life1 he devis$ a plan = impos+ a   
special tax on all deceas$ p]sons'      
e/ates1 to create a fund f :i* all1 on  
rea*+ tw5ty-"o ye>s1 %\ld receive a sum 
to e/abli% !m 9 bus9ess1 & 9 ord] t all 
:o 7 9 ! decl9e ( life %\ld be sav$ f   
de/itution4 ,x is n g5]ally kn[n t ,pa9e
 (t5 prea*$ on ,sunday aft]noons at ,new
 ,ro*elle4 ,9 ,engl& he spoke 9 e>ly    
life f ,diss5t+ pulpits1 & to him we owe
 ?is exquisite def9ition ( religion3 ,x 
is man br++ to 8 ,mak] ! fruits ( 8     
he>t4 ,all ?is is evid5ce t honorable   
consid]ations 7 at ! bottom ( 8 own     
belief4 ,he 01 accord+ to 8 view1 !     
fri5d ( man1 & 9 ?is int]e/ wrote 8     
books4 ,he introduc$ k9dness into       
religion4  ,he c]ta9ly repeat$ ! ideas (
 ,coll9s & ,tol&1 & ! conceptions t 7   
float+ 9 ! air1 brea!d by ,voltaire &   
,did]ot2 b he did give !m voice4 ,!     
,engli% dei/s 7 dead1 & w\ld h cont9u$ s
 b = him4 ,he 0 ess5tially a pamphlete]1

 ! ma/] ( a v ri*1 simple /yle t w5t    
directly to ! he>ts ( ! p4 ,8 be/       
p]=mances 7 unque/ionably political1 b  
all 8 works 7 m>k$ by ! same            
peculi>ities4 ,8 mi/ake 0 9 suppos+ t ! 
p[] t c\ld animate an army c\ld pull d[n
 a *ur*4  ,pa9e 0 no sa9t1 b he 0 no    
s9n] above all t dwelt 9 ,j]usalem4 ,he 
drank too mu*2 he took too mu* snuff2 he
 0 vulg>2 he 0 a vehem5t man 9 a vehem5t
 age2 he w5t to d9n] 9 8 dress+-g[n2 &  
he c]ta9ly did n br+ 8 be/ convictions  
to be> on 8 private "*2 b he did wake up
 m9ds t _h be5 dumb or oppress$ be=e4 ,!
 ,age ( ,reason w5t ev]y:]e1 into holes 
& corn]s1 among back-woodsm5 & pione]s1 
& did m execution among pla9 moral m5   
?an _m a book t 0 m wor?y ( acceptance4 
,x is a pity t 8 disciples %\ld be      
cont5t ) repeat+ 8 d5ials1 in/ead (     
build+ on ! rational f\ndations :i* he  
laid4 ,= in/ance1 !y might1 :ile add+ to
 8 criticism ( ! ,scriptures1 h %[n _!  
high moral be>+ & _! spiritual gl[4 ,!y 
might h c>ri$ out fur!r 8 en?usiasm =   

humanity1 %[+ t man _h m 9 him ?an ,pa9e
 suspect$4 ,!y might h ju/ifi$ by m     
sci5tific reasons 8 belief 9 ,god & 9   
immortality4 ,!y might h be5 truly      
rationali/s z he want$ to be1 b c\ld n  
be at t p]iod4 ,b !y 7 satisfi$ ) say+  
ov] & ov] aga9 :at he said z well z he  
c\ld1 b n z well z !y c4 ,he 0 simply a 
precursor1 b he 0 a precursor ( su* m5 z
 ,col5so & ,rob]tson ,smi?1 & a l>ge ho/
 ( s*ol>s beside4  ,pa9e's be/ expon5t 9
 ,am]ica is p]haps ,rob]t ,g4 ,+]soll4  
,he is a sort ( transfigur$ ,pa9e4 ,he  
has all ,pa9e's p[] ov] ! masses1 be+   
p]haps ! mo/ eloqu5t man 9 ,am]ica2 m   
?an ,pa9e's wit2 m ?an ,pa9e's          
e>ne/ness2 m ?an ,pa9e's love (         
humanity2 m ?an ,pa9e's scorn ( deceit &
 h>%ness1--= he ext5ds 8 abhorr5ce (    
cruelty ev5 to dumb bea/s4 ,he has great
 p[] ( sympa?y1 a t5d] feel+ = mis]y (  
all k9ds4 ,he is a poet1 z is evid5t f  
^! words3       ,we d n "k :e!r ! grave 
is ! end ( ?is life or !      door (    
ano!r1 or :e!r ! night "h is some:]e    

else a      dawn4 ,! idea (             
,immortality1 t l a sea has ebb$ & fl[$ 
into ! human he>t ) its c\ntless waves  
beat+ aga9/ !      %ores & rocks ( "t & 
fai?1 0 n born ( any book or (      any 
cre$ or ( any religion4 ,x 0 born (     
human affection1 &      x w cont9ue to  
ebb & fl[ b5ea? ! mi/s & cl\ds (        
d\bt & d>kness z long z love kisses !   
lips ( dea?4 ,x is      ! ra9b[1 ,hope1 
%9+ ^u ! te>s ( grief4  ,pa9e's simple  
*ildlike belief 9 ,god & ,immortality1  
,+]soll rem&s to ! cl\dy sph]e (        
agno/icism1 z ,pa9e probably w\ld n[2 b 
x is my op9ion t if evid5ce :i* he      
reg>d$ z satisfactory--t is1 legal      
evid5ce--c\ld be giv51 he1 too1 w\ld    
accept ^! articles2 = he has none ( !   
elem5ts ( ! bigot ab\t him4 ,8          
dete/ation is simply ( hell & a         
prie/hood2 = pure1 spiritual religion1  
he has only respect4 ,l ,pa9e1 he       
attacks ! ecclesia/icism & !ology ( !   
day1 & is satisfi$ ) do+ t2 &1 l ,pa9e1 
he has convictions in/ead ( op9ions1 & 8

 "* is all aflame ) 8 ideas4  ,9 8      
private life1 9 8 family relations1 9 8 
public c>e]1 !re is no reproa* on 8     
"n--no?+ t he ne$ be a%am$ (4  ,mr4     
,+]soll does n wor%ip ! ,inf9ite "u any 
recogniz$ =m or "n1 b t he adores !     
sub/ance ( deity is beyond all d\bt2 he 
wor%ips tru? & purity & s9c]ity &       
love1--ev]y?+ t is highe/ & noble/ 9    
human life4 ,"o ^w m ,i mu/ say1--t 8   
motive is ess5tially religi\s4 ,x is 8  
aim to lift (f ! burd5 ( sup]/ition &   
prie/craft2 to elevate ! s\l ( manhood &
 womanhood2 to promote rational progress
 9 goodness2 to emancipate e possibility
 ( p[] 9 ! race2 & ?is is ! aim ( e pure
 religion1--to op5 new sph]es ( hope &  
accompli%m5t4  ,! dis9tegration ( !     
popul> or?odoxy goes on v fa/1 & always 
"u ! influ5ce ( ! moral s5tim5t4 ,?is is
 v prettily put by ,miss ,jewett1 9 "o (
 h] %ort /ories1 entitl$ ,! ,t[n ,poor4 
,two ladies1 jogg+ along a c\ntry road1 
fall to talk+ ab\t an old meet+-h\se :i*
 is be+ improv$ aft] ! mod]n fa%ion4 ,"o

 ( !m lam5ts ! loss ( ! anci5t pews &   
pulpit1 & ! sub/itution ( a mod]n plat=m
 & slips4 ,! o!r says3       ,:5 ,i ?9k 
( !m old s]mons t us$ to be prea*$ 9 t  
old meet+-h\se1 ,i am glad x is alt]$   
ov] s z n to rem9d      folks4 ,!m old  
brim/one disc\rses6 y "k prea*]s is f>  
m reasonable n[-a-days4 ,:y1 ,i sat an' 
?\ght la/ ,sabba? z      ,i li/5$1 t if 
old ,mr4 ,longbro!r & ,deacon ,bray c\ld
 he>      ! diff]5ce1 !y'd crack ! gr\nd
 ov] 'em l pole beans1      & come "r up
 'long side _! head/ones4  ,9 ,*icago1  
"s ye>s ago1 or?odox prea*]s begg$ a    
pron\nc$ radical to /ay & help !m fight 
! matt] out on ! inside2 & a m9i/] ( "o 
( ! pr9cipal *ur*es !re di/9ctly said t 
he did n believe 9 ! infallibility ( !  
,bible or an ev]la/+ puni%m5t4 ,a       
,congregational m9i/] 9 ,connecticut    
express$ himself z ?or\ghly 9 sympa?y ) 
! advanc$ p>ty 9 !ology4 ,an or?odox    
cl]gyman 9 ,new ,engl& decl>$ t he did n
 "k ( an or?odox m9i/] 9 ! :ole range ( 
8 acqua9tance :o believ$ 9 ! old        

doctr9e4 ,a m9i/] 9 ,rhode ,isl&1 :o    
occupi$ a high position 9 ! or?odox     
*ur*1 :ile decl9+ to make an op5 /atem5t
 on acc\nt ( social & political reasons1
 av[$ 8 will+ness to write a private    
lett] disclaim+ all belief 9 ! accept$  
views4 ,! ,rev4 ,h[>d ,mac,queary1 !    
,episcopal rector ( ,canton1 ,ohio1 :o  
has rec5tly publi%$ a book1 entitl$ !   
,evolution ( ,man & ,*ri/ianity1 has be5
 convict$ ( h]esy aga9/ 8 own prote/ & !
 popul> s5tim5t4 ,! successor ( ,h5ry   
,w>d ,bee*]1 9 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y41      
rec5tly publi%$ ! ess5tials ( 8 cre$4   
,!re is no fall 9 x1 no tr9ity1 no      
miracle 9 ! old s5se1 no et]nal         
puni%m5t4 ,he decl>es1 frankly1 t !re is
 no diff]5ce 9 k9d betwe5 man1 ,jesus1 &
 ,god1 b only a diff]5ce 9 degree4 ,!   
same man rec5tly prea*$ 9 ,k+'s ,*apel1 
& lectur$ 9 ,*ann+ ,hall4 ,! ,&ov]      
controv]sy di/9ctly reveals ! decay ( ! 
anci5t !ology4 ,9 ,engl& diss5t has gone
 v f>1 z is evid5t f a book call$ ,!    
,k]nel & ! ,husk1 writt5 by ! ,rev4 ,dr4

 ,e4 ,a4 ,abbott1 ! au?or ( ! article on
 ,! ,gospels1 9 ! la/ edition ( !       
,encyclopa$ia ,britannica4 ,9 ?is       
article ! fall is repudiat$1 ! tr9ity1  
miracles1 ! virg9 bir?1 ! physical      
resurrection ( ,jesus1 & et]nal         
puni%m5t2 yet ev5 8 bi%op has n rebuk$  
him4 ,yes1 ! moral s5tim5t is c]ta9ly   
com+ to its rights4  ,( ,unit>ianism1   
aft] :at has be5 said1 x is unnecess>y  
to speak4 ,t !re %\ld be a diff]5ce     
betwe5 ! ,ea/ & ! ,we/ is natural4 ,!   
,ea/ holds fa/1 9 l>ge s5se1 to ! anci5t
 !ological traditions4 ,! ,we/ nev] _h  
!m1 & c !re=e decl>e t its fell[%ip is  
condition$ on no doctr9al te/s1 & c     
welcome all :o wi% to e/abli% tru? &    
righte\sness & love 9 ! _w4 ,! ,we/ w   
ultimately prevail2 ! temp] ( ! ,ea/ is 
rapidly wa/+ away1 & ! brea* w soon be  
clos$ up4 ,! new ,unit>ian *ur*es w be  
f\nd$ on a practical basis1 ! only      
requirem5t be+ t ! m9i/] %\ld be deeply 
9 e>ne/ ab\t religi\s ?+s4 ,! *>act]i/ic
 ( all *ur*es1 ( :atev] "n1 is an urg5t 

int]e/ 9 social re=m1 a deep conc]n = ! 
disfran*is$ & oppress$1 & a w>m feel+   
t[>ds ! elevation ( mank9d4 ,! univ]sal 
pray] is1 to borr[ ! pi?y language (    
,dr4 ,f4 ,h4 ,h$ge3 ,may ,?y k+dom come 
on e>?6 n ,may we come into ,?y k+dom4  
,if x 0 h>d to d full ju/ice to ,?omas  
,pa9e1 x is h>d] to d full ju/ice to !  
,broad ,*ur*man4 ,!re is no au?oritative
 acc\nt ( 8 position to :i* appeal c be 
made1 & ! great v>iety ( op9ion on      
incid5tal po9ts makes x difficult to    
frame any description :i* ! lead]s w\ld 
accept4 ,a great deal dep5ds on ! *ange 
( circum/ances1 ! rul+ _s ( ! "t1 !     
prevail+ t5d5cies ( ?\ght 9 !           
p]iod1--:e!r sci5tific1 critical1 or    
social1--& a great deal dep5ds1 too1 on 
! peculi>ities ( individual temp]am5t1 b
 ! fundam5tal doctr9es are ! same4 ,!   
ord9>y obs]v] c see ! l>g5ess1 sympa?y1 
inclusiv5ess1 devotion to actual ne$s4  
,b ! ord9>y obs]v] _c see ! real basis (
 fai? 9 human nature2 ! manife/ation ( !
 ,div9e ,be+ 9 ! highe/ possibilities ( 

man2 ! tru/ 9 a liv+1 active1           
communicat+ ,god4  ,^! are c>d9al po9ts1
 & mu/ be insi/$ on4 ,! inh]5t depravity
 ( man2 8 ess5tial corruption2 8        
absolute inability to receive any       
portion ( ! div9e life1 is naturally    
repudiat$4 ,b 8 feebl5ess1 crud5ess1    
imp]fection1 8 de>? & defici5cy1 8      
s5suality1 h>dness1 love ( mat]ial ?+s1 
is insi/$ on1 & _c be exagg]at$4 ,/ill  
!re is a g]m ( ! div9e nature 9 him1 a  
sp>k ( ! div9e flame :i* c be k9dl$4 ,! 
famili> language ( ,longfell[ expresses 
?is idea exactly3      ,ye ^: he>ts are 
fre% & simple1     ,:o h fai? 9 ,god &  
,nature1     ,:o believe t 9 all ages   
,e human he>t is human1     ,t 9 ev5    
savage bosoms     ,!re are long+s1      
ye>n+s1 /riv+s     ,= ! good !y         
compreh5d n1     ,t ! feeble h&s &      
helpless1     ,grop+ bl9dly 9 ! d>kness1
     ,t\* ,god's "r h& 9 t d>kness      
,& are lift$ up & /r5g!n$3--     ,li/5  
to ?is simple /ory4  ,to ?is nature1 ?us
 receptive1 ,god addresses ,himself4 ,he

 is ! ,fa!r1 ! absolute ,love1 & 8      
desire is to lead m5 upw>d t[>ds !      
height ( div9e p]fection4 ,9 all ages1 9
 e way1 he has be5 try+ to d ?is2 & all 
nature1 all art1 all lit]ature is full (
 ?is affection = 8 *ild4 ,ev5 ! ,pagan  
my?s express ?is /riv+ ( ,god ) man4 ,! 
exi/5ce ( :at we call evil is assum$1 b 
!re is no attempt to expla9 x or !orize 
ab\t x or reconcile x ) any mode (      
philosophy4 ,to u x may be simply !     
div9e ef=t to />tle ! s\l into a        
consci\sness ( itself4 ,ev5 ! wor/ =ms (
 d\bt1 ( d5ial1 ( a!ism may be p>ts (   
?is div9e ef=t2 ev5 m5 l ,/rauss &      
,feu]ba* may be witnesses = tru?1       
because !y drive m5 back 9 horror f !   
pit ( disbelief1 & compel !m to take    
refuge ?r\gh te>s & pray]s 9 ! supreme  
love4 ,( absolute evil we _c be sure t  
!re is any2 s _m ways mu/ ! inf9ite _s h
 to awak5 m5 to a s5se ( _! own de/9y4  
,i _c bett] convey my ?\ght ?an by      
rec\nt+ ! ess5ce ( two s]mons t ,i he>d 
"s ye>s ago f em95t prea*]s 9 diff]5t   

,am]ican cities2 ! fir/ 0 on ! dea? (   
,*>les ,d>w94 ,aft] a v ornate s]vice1 !
 m9i/] dwelt en?usia/ically on ! m]its (
 ,d>w9 z a philosoph]1 describ$ 8 sy/em1
 & decl>$ t 8 own belief 9 ! ,deity (   
,*ri/1 0 confirm$ 9 l>ge measure by     
,d>w9's !ory ( ! ,selection ( ! ,fitte/4
 ,! /atem5t 0 />tl+ at fir/1 = ! two    
doctr9es seem$ to po9t 9 opposite       
directions1 b ! speak] probably meant t 
! ,*ri/ express$ all ! pot5tialities (  
human nature2 t he 0 ! ,fitte/2 n a     
miracle1 n an exception to humanity1 b !
 p]fection ( man2 9 o!r words1 a div9e  
p]son4 ,! o!r s]mon turn$ on ! murd] (  
,sis]a 7,judges iv1 #ah71 z contra/$ ) a
 /atem5t 9 ! fir/ epi/le ( ,john 7iv1   
#h71 ,god is love4 ,! rector spoke ( !  
assass9ation ( ,sis]a 9 t]ms ( extreme  
abhorr5ce2 call$ x trea*]\s1 cruel1     
base1 & !n said3 ,see :at progress !    
human m9d has made f ?is p]iod to t :5  
,john 0 writt54 ,! common impression is 
t ! human m9d _h no?+ to d ) x1 x be+ ! 
div9e m9d t 0 alone 9 "q4 ,b :at !      

prea*] meant 0 evid5tly ?is1--ei!r t !  
div9e m9d dropp$ ?\ghts into ! human m9d
 z fa/ z !y c\ld be appreciat$1 or t !  
human m9d1 imp]fect 9 developm5t1       
appreh5d$ all t x c\ld ( ! p]fect m9d4  
,:i*ev] case we assume1 ! integrity ( ! 
div9e m9d is secur$1 & at ! same "t !   
gr[? ( ! human4  ,at ?is po9t1 !        
conception ( ! ,broad ,*ur*man's idea ( 
! inspiration ( ! ,scripture mu/ be     
dwelt ^u1 = ! doctr9e is v rem>kable1 & 
?r[s a flood ( light ^u 8 :ole          
conception ( ! aim & purpose (          
,*ri/ianity4 ,accord+ to ! common       
notion1 ! ,bible is lit]ally ! ^w (     
,god1 & m5 h no?+ to d b to submit      
!mselves to its au?ority4 ,!y mu/       
suppress all natural desires1 all       
dictates ( _! moral s5se1 to ?is supreme
 /&>d ( tru? & rectitude4 ,accord+ to   
?is notion1 ! :ole ( man1 z a ?or\ghly  
corrupt$ be+1 is subject1 9 ob$i5ce to  
?is law4 ,! second !ory1 adopt$ by !    
,am]ican ,broad ,*ur*man1 holds t !     
,bible conta9s ! ^w ( ,god2 & ?is       

implies t !re may be a "p ( ! ,bible t  
is n ! ^w ( ,god1 & op5s ! way to an    
indef9ite am\nt ( criticism1            
speculation1 & d\bt4 ,! ,engli% ,broad  
,*ur*man holds1 z ,i und]/& x1 ! common 
doctr9e1 b ) ?is imm5se diff]5ce4 ,t    
:]eas1 accord+ to ! common notion1 !    
,bible is ! ^w ( ,god1 he ma9ta9s t !   
:ole object ( ! ,bible is to educate &  
uplift man4 ,! ^w is a m9i/] to human   
ne$s4 ,?r\gh x1 ,god is try+ 9 v>i\s    
ways1 by hi/ory1 biography1 tale1 &     
song1 to w>n1 p]suade1 tea*1 inspire !  
human s\l4 ,sometimes he c d no?+ b     
/>tle1 %ame1 provoke2 & ! v ?+s we f9d  
fault ) may be design$ = moral          
education4 ,! ,bible1 itself1 enc\rages 
?is idea4 ,does n ,paul prea*           
reconciliation8 ,does n ,john speak (   
,god z love8 ,god h>d5$ ! he>t ( ,ph>aoh
 9 ord] t he might %[ t ,he 0 /rong] ?an
 ,ph>aoh4 ,jacob 0 n altoge!r a lovely  
"*1 b ! ,"l wre/l$ ) him & lam$ him1 ?us
 %[+ 8 own disapproval ( ! patri>*'s    
temp]4 ,david 0 a s$uc]1 adult]]1 &     

murd]]1 b he rep5t$1 0 a%am$1 0         
sorr[ful1 & ?is rep5tance made him a man
 aft] ,god's own he>t4 ,x 0 n t ,god    
approv$ ( 8 conduct1 b t he want$ to    
make u disapprove ( x4 ,9 l mann] ,lu!r 
bas$ 8 fai? on ! ,bible1 because x      
convict$ him ( s91 & drove him to seek  
refuge = himself 9 ,*ri/4 ,! ,*ur* z an 
organization has always ?is "o purpose 9
 view--to m9i/] to ! s\l ( man4 ,!      
,articles fairly ?robb$ ) ?is           
conception4 ,! outrage committ$ by !    
,evangelicals1 m5 :o insi/ ^u ev]la/+   
puni%m5t & talk ( doom1 consi/s 9 _!    
ov]look+ ?is div9e purpose t[>ds        
humanity4  ,! doctr9es ( ! ,*ur*--!     
,deity ( ,*ri/1 ! ,inc>nation1 !        
,resurrection1 ! ,asc5sion--be> ?is     
te/imony1 & are inexplicable )\t x4 ,b  
^! doctr9es simply convey "o ?\ght4 ,!  
,*ri/ mu/ be ,god1 o!rwise he c\ld n    
exemplify ! p]fect love2 he mu/ be      
,inc>nate1 o!rwise he c\ld n m+le ) m54 
,8 ,resurrection tea*es 8 absolute      
triumph ov] dea?2 8 ,asc5sion is a pl$ge

 ( 8 union ) ,god & 8 p]petual int]c\rse
 ) ,god's *ildr54  ,! two rites1        
,baptism & ,communion1 give ! same idea4
 ,baptism imports a recognition ( ! duty
 to lead a ,*ri/ian life2 & ,communion  
imports a wi%1 on ! "p ( all :o p>take (
 x1 to ent] into ! privilege ( a p]fect 
h>mony ) ,*ri/4 ,none ( ^! po9ts are    
rea*$ by criticism1 or any array (      
texts1 ?\gh passages may be cit$ 9      
confirmation ( !m4 ,b ! pro( is d]iv$ f 
exp]i5ce1 f ! felt ne$ ( enlight5m5t &  
inspiration1 f pray] & ! ye>n+ aft]     
et]nal life4 ,no d\bt x is tak5 = grant$
 t nei!r ! ,bible nor ! ,*ur* expresses 
! :ole ^w ( ,god4 ,! ^w is z l>ge z !   
div9e love1 & ?is is inf9ite4 ,!        
complete ^w ( ,god includes all nature1 
all hi/ory1 & all life4  ,x w be        
und]/ood t ! ,broad ,*ur* notion is only
 a !ory & re/s entirely on its          
reasonabl5ess4 ,x is simply a           
modification ( ,episcopalianism1 & none 
b an ,episcopalian w\ld be likely to    
adopt x4 ,its int]e/ = u consi/s 9 its  

human "*1 9 its e>ne/ness = social re=m1
 9 its passionate desire to make        
consci5ce & ju/ice & fre$om ( ! ,_s     
supreme 9 all human affairs4 ,x is      
ess5tially an e?ical sy/em ) an         
ecclesia/ical addition & a heav5ly      
purpose4  ,!re is c]ta9ly a great       
diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,broad ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica
 & ! ,broad ,*ur* 9 ,engl&2 !re are no  
,?irty-,n9e ,articles 9 ?is c\ntry2 !re 
is no ,national ,*ur*4 ,! ,broad        
,*ur*man "h is /ill a ,*ur*man1 b !     
sy/em is mu* m ela/ic & mu* m           
intellectual4 ,! ,*ur* is to him also a 
div9e in/itution1 b n a f9al e/abli%m5t2
 & x becomes div9e by virtue ( its      
helpfulness 9 imp>t+ ! div9e life & its 
p[] ( human s]vice4 ,! sacram5ts h      
become symbols1 v5]able f _! antiquity1 
b m v5]able f _! use4 ,! ,broad ,*ur*man
 is an or?odox believ]1 b he accepts    
only ! simple/ cre$s1 & he int]prets !m 
9 accordance ) ! rational pr9ciples (   
?\ght1 & ) 8 fundam5tal conception (    
,*ri/ianity1 hold+ n to ! writt5 lett]1 

b to ! real mean+ ( ! ,confession4 ,?is 
mean+ is1 he ma9ta9s1 easily            
reconcilable ) ! idea t all revelation  
is made to a liv+ m9d1--:e!r t ( a race 
or an individual1--& t ! ,bible is m]ely
 ! record ( x4 ,no book1 9 8 e/imation1 
c be inspir$4 ,?is1 c\pl$ ) a belief 9 !
 unlimit$ progress ( ! natural          
consci5ce1 br+s ! sy/em )9 ! category ( 
mod]n arrangem5ts4  ,! idea t man is    
develop$ into ! div9e life1 n conv]t$ to
 x1 seems to be ! he>t ( ! sy/em4 ,!    
writ+s ( ,f4 ,d4 ,maurice are full ( x4 
,he said t he did n "k :at ! ,broad     
,*ur* 01 & disclaim$ any position 9 x2  
yet he is its reput$ fa!r1 & c]ta9ly    
held its c>d9al doctr9e4 ,?is 0 ! s\l ( 
8 tea*+2 ?is dictat$ 8 likes & 8        
dislikes2 ?is animat$ 8 diss5t f !      
,evangelicals on ! "o h& & !            
,rationali/s on ! o!r2 ?is made him cl+ 
to ! ,articles2 ?is made him love !     
,*ur*4 ,i _c bett] convey my notion ( ! 
,broad ,*ur*man's cr$5ce ?an by quot+ "s
 passages f ,maurice3       ,i ?9k t !  

gr\nd-"w ( ?is ?\ght & ?is humanity     
is laid b>e 9 ! ,?irty-n9e ,articles2 t 
= t      gr\nd-"w namely1 ! liv+ ,god1 !
 liv+ ,^w all our      diff]5t s*ools   
are try+ to produce feeble & crumbl+    
sub/itutes2 t we mu/ recur to x if we   
w\ld pass ! n>r[      dim5sions (       
,calv9ism1 ,anglicanism1 ,romanism2 if  
we w\ld le>n      :at a message we h =  
,jews1 ,mahometans1 ,brahm9s1 ,buddhi/s1
      = all ! nations ( ! e>?1 z well z 
our poor p at      home4       ,i _c    
d\bt t ?is belief ! confession ( a ,god1
 :o 01      & is1 & is to come is lat5t 
9 e man n[2 t we are all      liv+1     
mov+1 hav+ our be+ 9 ?is ,god1 & t ,he  
does      reveal ,himself to ,8         
creatures gradually1 be=e ,he is reveal$
 9      ,8 fulness ( glory4       ,i d  
p]ceive t if ,i h any "w 9 ! _w1 x is to
 be>      witness ( ?is "n ! "n ( !     
,fa!r1 ! ,son1 & ! ,holy      ,gho/1 n z
 express+ c]ta9 relations1 h[ev] pr(\nd1
 9      ! div9e nature1 b z ! und]gr\nd 
( all fell[%ip among      m5 & angels1 z

 t :i* w at la/ b9d all into "o1        
satisfy+ all ! crav+ ( ! reason z well z
 ( ! he>t1      meet+ ! desires &       
intuitions t are scatt]$ ?r\gh all      
! religions ( ! _w4       ,! ,*ur* mu/  
ei!r fulfil its witness ( ! r$emption = 
mank9d or be cut (f4 ,& ,i _c help ?9k+ 
t a "t is at      h& :5 we %all awak5 to
 ?is conviction1 & :5 we %all           
p]ceive t :at we call our individual    
salvation means no?+1      & t our fai? 
9 x becomes unt5able :5 we sep>ate x f  
! salvation :i* ,*ri/ wr\ght out = ! _w 
by ,8      inc>nation & sacrifice1      
resurrection & asc5sion4       ,he has  
be5 pleas$ to reveal to me 9 ,8 ,son !  
brightness (      ,8 glory1 ,8 absolute 
love4 ,on t po9t ,i h a "r to be        
c]ta92 he :o says ,i h n1 rejects !     
,bible & disbelieves      ! inc>nation (
 ! ,"l4 ,i w n give up an in* ( ?is     
gr\nd2 x is a matt] ( life & dea?4      
,by baptism we claim ! position :i*     
,*ri/ has claim$ = all      mank9d4444  
,m & m ,i am l$ to ask myself :at a     

,gospel to      mank9d mu/ be1 :e!r x   
mu/ n h "s o!r gr\nd ?an      ! fall (  
,adam & ! s9ful nature ( man4444 ,no    
doctr9e c      be s at v>iance z ?is1 ) 
! notion t x is a ,gospel      :i* m5 h 
ne$ (1 & 9 _! inmo/ he>ts are crav+ =4  
,:y is n ?is sy/em suffici5t8 ,simply   
because ! claim t ,*ri/ is ,god1 does n 
seem made out to sev]ely critical m9ds4 
,su* z ^! mu/ hold ev5 ! ,broad ,*ur* to
 be a my?ology1 beautiful & innoc5t1 b  
/ill a my?ology4 ,! ^w my?ology implies 
no disp>agem5t4 ,a my?ology is simply ! 
poetical =m ( an idea1 & takes its "* f 
! nature ( ! ideas x repres5ts4 ,! pagan
 my?ology is on ?is acc\nt v diff]5t f !
 ,*ri/ian1 & a my?ology t has univ]sal  
love z its basis may well be call$      
innoc5t & beautiful4 ,to ! doctr9e (    
tr9ity1 philosophically consid]$1 ev5   
,unit>ian s*ol>s make no objection4 ,:at
 !y _c accept is ! deity ( ,jesus z an  
hi/orical p]son4 ,! ,*ri/ is n1 9 _!    
op9ion1 an hi/orical p]son1 b a doctr9e1
 n id5tical ) ! man ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4  

,! ,div9e ,be+ has nev]1 9 _! e/imation1
 appe>$ on e>?4 ,!y only :o c put aside 
criticism1 c suppress x1 c reg>d x b z  
"o ( _m manife/ations ( m9d1 c fix _!   
eyes on a *ur* = society at l>ge & n =  
individuals1 w be likely to accept x1 & 
!y w on ! gr\nd t x is altoge!r human1 a
 *ur* = mank9d4  ,! la/ phase 9 !       
developm5t ( ! moral s5tim5t is         
repres5t$ by ! ,e?ical ,societies4 ,x is
 natural t ! orig9 ( ^! %\ld be ,jewi%1 
= ! ,jews are un5cumb]$ by ! my/]ies ( !
 ,*ri/ian !ology2 _! g5ius is = social  
organization1 & ! moral elem5t is v l>ge
 9 _! religion4 ,x is natural1 too1 t ! 
sy/em %\ld be pur] "h ?an 9 ,engl&4 ,"s 
( ! memb]s ( ! ,cambridge ,e?ical       
,society are memb]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 
& h to be w>n$ n to set !mselves        
ne$lessly 9 opposition to ! "w ( !      
,*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,! ,ed9burgh ,e?ical   
,club is ma9ly a debat+ society4 ,9     
,am]ica x is usual to h a lectur]1 &    
/at$ s]vices on ,sunday4 ,b ^! s]vices  
are v simple1 nay1 ev5 b>e2 !re is no   

pray]1 & no scripture1 no ar*itecture or
 art or poetry2 b !re is an int5se      
e>ne/ness1 nay1 en?usiasm1 = social     
re=m4 ,!re are k9d]g>t5s = ! poor *ildr5
 ( ! /reets1 !re are classes = !        
untaught1 libr>ies = ! work+m51 plans = 
bett] lodg+ & employm5t = ! families (  
artisans4 ,!re is no fix$ doctr9e 9     
reg>d to ! orig9 ( ! moral s5tim5ts1 le/
 any %\ld be ali5at$2 ! object be+ to   
comb9e all :o h at he>t ! moral int]e/s 
( mank9d4 ,! peculi>ity ( ^! societies  
is n s mu* t !y lay emphasis on ! moral 
z di/9ct f ! spiritual int]e/s1 or aim  
to break d[n ! divid+ l9e betwe5        
,religion & ,e?ics1 z x is t !y re/ ^u  
consci5ce z ! supreme au?ority1 t !y    
assume its practical function1 build ^u 
x z ! "o & only ?+ absolutely kn[n4 ,!re
 is no pret5ce ( foll[+1 ev5 at a       
di/ance1 ! *>ities ( ! old *ur*es ) _!  
va/ funds1 _! imm5se organizations1 _!  
heaps ( tracts1 _! legions (            
mission>ies1 all employ$ 9 call+        
unbeliev]s into ! fold4 ,! object is to 

elevate all mank9d by appeal+ to _!     
moral in/9cts1 on ! gr\nd ( _! inh]5t   
ability to rise 9 ! scale ( be+4  ,to   
make _! position cle> let me quote !    
words ( ! f\nd] ( ^! societies1 conta9$ 
9 an article entitl$ ,! ,fre$om (       
,e?ical ,fell[%ip1 9 ! fir/ numb] ( !   
,int]national ,j\rnal ( ,e?ics3       ,x
 is ! aim ( ! ,e?ical ,societies to     
ext5d ! area ( moral      co-op]ation s 
z to include a "p1 at lea/1 ( ! inn]    
moral      life2 to unite m5 ( div]s    
op9ions & beliefs 9 ! common            
endeavor to explore ! field ( duty2 to  
ga9 cle>] p]ceptions      ( "r & wrong2 
to /udy ) ?or\ghgo+ zeal ! practical    
problems ( social1 political1 &         
individual e?ics1 & to embody      ! new
 insight 9 mann]s & in/itutions4444     
,x w\ld be a wrong & a h9drance to !    
fur!r ext5sion (      tru? to raise     
above our op9ions ! sup]/ructure ( a    
social      in/itution4 ,= in/itutions 9
 _! nature are cons]vative2      !y d>e 
n1 )\t imp]ill+ _! /ability1 p]mit a too

      frequ5t inspection or alt]ation ( 
_! f\ndations4444 ,!      subject "p (  
mank9d1 9 mo/ places1 might1 ) ,egyptian
      bondage expect ,egyptian d>kness1 
7 n ! c&le ( ! ,"l      set up by       
himself 9 m5's m9ds1 :i* x is impossible
 = !      brea? or p[] ( man :olly to   
ext+ui%4 ,x is to ?is c&le      ( ! ,"l 
set up 9 m5's m9ds t we look =          
illum9ation4      ,x is 9 ! light :i* x 
%$s t we w\ld read ! problems      (    
conduct & tea* o!rs to read !m4 ,we     
appeal directly to !      consci5ce ( ! 
pres5t age1 & ( ! civiliz$ portion (    
mank9d4 ,!re rema9s z a residue a common
 deposit ( moral      tru?1 a common    
/ock ( moral judgm5ts1 :i* we may call !
      common consci5ce4 ,x is ^u ?is    
common consci5ce t we      build4444 ,! 
cont5ts ( ! common consci5ce we w\ld    
cl>ify      & classify1 to ! end t !y   
may become ! consci\s      possession ( 
all classes2 & 9 ord] to enri* & enl>ge 
!      consci5ce1 ! me?od we w\ld foll[ 
is to beg9 ) cases 9      :i* ! moral   

judgm5t is already cle>1 ! moral rule   
already      accept$2 & to %[ t ! same  
rule1 ! same judgm5t1      applies to   
o!r cases1 :i*1 because ( _! great]     
complexity1      are less transp>5t to !
 m5tal eye4444       ,& "h x may be     
appropriate to introduce a few          
reflections on      ! relations ( moral 
practice to e?ical !ory 9 religi\s      
belief4 ,to _m x w appe> t ! logic ( our
 position mu/      lead u to und]e/imate
 ! value ( philosophical & religi\s     
doctr9es 9 connection ) morality1 & t1  
hav+ exclud$      ?is f our basis (     
fell[%ip1 we %all inevitably drift into 
a      crude empiricism4 ,i may be      
p]mitt$ to say t precisely !            
opposite is at lea/ our aim1 & t among !
 objects we propose      to ourselves1  
none are de>] ?an ! advancem5t ( e?ical 
!ory & ! upbuild+ ( religi\s conviction4
 ,! ,e?ical      ,society is a society (
 p]sons :o are b5t on be+ taught        
cle>] p]ceptions ( "r & wrong1 & be+ %[n
 h[ to      improve conduct4 ,at lea/1  

let u ha/5 to add1 ! ideal ( !          
society is t ( a body ( m5 :o %all h ?is
 b5t4 ,is x      va9 to hope t !re w 9  
"t arise ^? :o w r5d]      !m ! s]vice  
!y require4444       ,x is safe to say t
 e /ep =w>d 9 religion 0 due to a       
quick5+ ( ! moral impulses2 t moral     
progress is !      condition ( religi\s 
progress2 t ! good life is ! soil out   
( :i* ! religi\s life gr[s4 ,! tru?s (  
religion are      *iefly two1--t !re is 
a reality o!r ?an t ( !      s5ses1 & t 
! ultimate reality 9 ?+s is1 9 a s5se   
transc5d+ our compreh5sion1 ak9 to !    
moral nature ( m54      ,b h[ %all we   
acqua9t ourselves ) ?is sup]-s5sible8 ,!
      ladd] ( sci5ce does n rea* s f>4  
,& ! utmo/ /ret* (      ! speculative   
reason _c atta9 to m ?an ! ab/ract      
po/ulate ( an inf9ite1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is   
void ( ! ess5tial      attributes (     
div9ity4 ,only ! te/imony ( ! moral life
 c      support a vital conviction ( ?is
 sort4444       ,! ,e?ical ,society is  
fri5dly to g5u9e religion any:]e &      

ev]y:]e1 because x vitalizes religi\s   
doctr9es by p\r+      into !m ! cont5ts 
( spiritual mean+4444 ,a new moral      
e>ne/ness mu/ prec$e ! rise ( l>g]      
religi\s ideals2 =      ! new religi\s  
syn!sis :i* _m long =1 w n be a         
fabrication1 b a gr[?4 ,x w n /eal ^u u 
z a ?ief 9      ! night1 or bur/ ^u u z 
lightn+ f ! sky1 b w      come 9 "t z a 
result ( ! gradual1 moral evolution (   
mod]n      society1 z ! expression (    
high] moral aspirations1 & a            
response to deep] moral ne$s4  ,9 8     
fam\s essay on ,wor%ip1 ,em]son says3   
,!re w be a new *ur* f\nd$ on moral     
sci5ce1 at fir/ cold      & nak$1 a babe
 9 a mang] aga91 ! algebra & ma!matics (
      e?ical law1 ! *ur* ( m5 to come1  
)\t %awm or psalt]y      or sackbut2 b x
 w h heav5 & e>? = its beams &          
raft]s2 sci5ce = symbol & illu/ration2 x
 w fa/ en\gh      ga!r beauty1 music1   
picture1 poetry4  ,is ?is ! *ur* t      
,em]son pr$ict$8 ,x looks l x4 ,already 
we seem to he> ! %awms & sackbuts4      

,already !re are desires aft] a m ri* & 
melodi\s adm9i/ration4  ,! la/ numb] ( !
 ,int]national ,j\rnal ( ,e?ics conta9s 
two articles3 "o on ,! ,inn] ,life 9    
,relation to ,morality1 ! o!r on ,!     
,e?ics ( ,d\bt1 :i* sugge/ a            
transc5d5tal gr\nd = moral beliefs2 & !y
 :o diss5t f ?is position surr\nd action
 ) an ideal solemnity4 ,at all ev5ts x  
is some?+ to see1 ev5 at a di/ance1 a   
city t ha? f\ndations4     ,,xvi4 ,,!   
,,religi\s ,,future ,,( ,,am]ica4   ,9 !
 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes ( ,octob] #ae1
 #ahfj1 ,m4 ,r5an wrote a rem>kable     
article on ! ,future ( ,religion 9      
,mod]n ,society4 ,?is pap] ( c\rse dealt
 l>gely ) que/ions t 7 int]e/+ at t "t1 
b x also conta9s v acute obs]vations on 
! :ole subject1 :i* are ( univ]sal      
conc]n4 ,8 conclusions are t nei!r      
,judaism nor ,romanism nor ! e/abli%$   
=ms ( ,prote/antism w con/itute ! com+  
fai?1 :i* mu/ be spiritual 7t is1 free (
 space & "t71 undogmatical1 &           
enfran*is$4 ,! religi\s "q1 he says1    

f9ds its solution 9 lib]ty4444 ,! lib]al
 pr9ciple pre-em95tly is t man has a    
s\l1 t he is to be rea*$ only ?r\gh !   
s\l1 t no?+ is ( value save z x effects 
a *ange 9 ! s\l4 ,an inflexible ju/ice1 
grant+ ) inexorable firmness lib]ty to  
all1 ev5 to ^? :o1 7 !y ma/]s1 w\ld     
refuse x to _! adv]s>ies1 is ! only     
issue t reason discov]s = ! grave       
problems rais$ 9 our "t4 ,?is essay1    
along ) t ( ,emile de ,laveleye ( ,liege
 9 ,belgium1 on ! ,religi\s ,future (   
,civiliz$ ,communities1 writt5 9 #ahgf1 
sums up ! :ole "q4 ,x only rema9s to    
apply _! pr9ciples to ,am]ica4  ,_m     
dread ! preval5ce ( ,roman ,ca?olicism4 
,i confess ,i nev] c\ld %>e 9 t         
appreh5sion4 ,= if !re is any?+ c]ta9 x 
is ! un*angeabl5ess ( ! l9es ( division 
t sep>ate ! ?ree great regions ( ! e>?1 
ea* hav+ its own fai?4 ,!re is ! ,greek 
,*ur*1 :i* rules 9 ,asia2 ! ,lat9 ,*ur*1
 :i* is conf9$ to ! ,lat9 races1 & is   
/ronge/ 9 ,s\!rn ,italy1 :]e ! p are mo/
 ignorant & sup9e2 & ! ,prote/ant ,*ur*1

 :i* prevails 9 ,nor!rn ,europe among ! 
,g]manic nations4 ,z ,r5an says3        
,no?+ w come ( ! mutual /ruggle ( ! ?ree
 ,*ri/ian      families2 _! equilibrium 
is z well assur$ z t ( ! ?ree      great
 races :i* %>e betwe5 !m ! _w2 _!       
sep>ation      w secure ! future aga9/ !
 excessive pr$om9ance ( a      s+le     
religi\s p[]1 j z ! division ( ,europe  
mu/ =ev]      prev5t ! return ( t orbis 
romanus1 t clos$ circle1      :i* all[$ 
no possible escape f ! tyranny t unity  
has      eng5d]$4  ,moreov]1 ! ,roman   
,ca?olic fai? is ess5tially ,italian1 & 
z su* c h no p]man5t influ5ce 9 ,g]many1
 ,engl&1 or ,am]ica4 ,! great popes ( ! 
,middle ,ages1 ^: g5ius rais$ ! papacy  
to p[] & spl5dor1 7 ,italians4 ,italy1  
until a few ye>s ago1 0 isolat$2 n a    
great political p[]1 z x is n[1 among   
o!r p[]s ( ,europe1 nor drawn by        
political affiliations into ! s*emes (  
o!r dom9ions4 ,besides1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*
 _h ! advantages ( ! ,italian g5ius =   
organization1 comm&1 wisdom 9 practical 

affairs4 ,!n1 too1 x _h ! imm5se b5efit 
( ! old ,roman treasures ( art1 :i* gave
 a glory to ! sy/em4 ,^! consid]ations  
alone w\ld make x impossible t          
,romanism1 9 its =eign =m1 %\ld ev]     
become ! religion ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4    
,!re may be ano!r k9d ( ecclesia/icism1 
b )\t ! anci5t au?ority2 an             
ecclesia/icism :i* /&s = pomp1 ornam5t1 
display1 beauty1 b n = any?+ m4 ,!re is 
evid5ce t e =m ( religion "h is dispos$ 
to take on elem5ts (                    
decoration1--ar*itecture1 music1 /a9$   
glass1 drap]y1 pictures1 & monum5ts2 b  
?is is only a sign ( increas+ weal?1 n (
 increas+ subjection4  ,9 addition to   
all ?is1 ! g5ius ( ! ,am]ican p is      
/rongly aga9/ any?+ l submission to     
au?ority4 ,! love ( lib]ty is exce$+ly  
p[]ful4 ,x is claim$ t ,romanism is n   
committ$ to any =m ( gov]nm5t1 t x is z 
favorable to republican in/itutions z to
 mon>*ical2 b ?is is n ! op9ion ( ,r5an1
 :o 0 born & tra9$ 9 ! *ur*1 & :o is    
!re=e entitl$ to speak ) k2 nor is x !  

op9ion ( o!r s*ol>s1 ,m>t9eau = in/ance1
 :o says 9 8 article on ! ,battle ( !   
,*ur*es 7,we/m9/] ,review1 ,janu>y1     
#ahea73       ,we are conv9c$ x _c      
occupy ! scope :i* ,engli%              
traditions & ,engli% usage h secur$2 t e
 /ep x may      make is an encroa*m5t ^u
 :olesome lib]ty2 t x is innoc5t        
only :]e x is insignificant1 & :]e x is 
asc5dant w      nei!r "p ) p[] nor use x
 well1 & t x mu/ ne$s      raise to !   
highe/ pit* ! common vice ( tyranny &   
democracy1--! rel5tless cru%+ (         
m9orities4  ,b :e!r ?is *>ge (          
absolutism be j or n1 ,romanism has be5 
s long associat$ z a polity ) mon>*ical 
gov]nm5ts t x has contract$ a habit (   
dom9e]+1 & ! p c nev] be p]suad$ t !    
papacy is democratic 9 its con/itution4 
,am]icans are v suspici\s1 too1 ( any   
int]f]5ce on ! "p ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,if a   
sy/em dem&s an army1 a palace1 l&s1 x   
mu/ pay = !m out ( its own private      
means4 ,a g5]ation or m ago x 0 possible
 = an adm9i/ration to give = a m]ely    

nom9al sum1 9 ! v he>t ( a l>ge city1   
great e/ates to "o d5om9ation4 ,?is is  
possible no long]4 ,e sect mu/ v9dicate 
itself1 & /& on its own feet2 ?is alone 
w\ld make x impossible = a *ur* s poor z
 ! ,ca?olic to e/abli% itself 9 ?is     
c\ntry on any t]ms ( supremacy4  ,!     
desire = *ange :i* is inh]5t 9 !        
,am]ican m9d mu/ also prove fatal 9 !   
end to any claim ( absolute /ability4   
,prote/antism is !re=e bett] = ,am]icans
 ?an ,romanism is1 because x is m       
portable1 m v>i\s1 m accommodat+ to     
popul> ta/es & incl9ations4  ,!re is no 
disposition to und]value ! "w ( !       
,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,its great sa9ts1 its   
h]oic m>tyrs1 its /up5d\s missions1 its 
enorm\s philan?ropy1 its influ5ce 9     
educat+ & controll+ masses ( p1 _c be   
exagg]at$2 & /ill x is de/9$ to wield an
 imm5se influ5ce z a spiritual p[] ov] !
 human race2 b x nev] aga9 c be !       
absolute sy/em x once 04 ,h[ev] x may   
comm5d itself to c]ta9 classes 9 our    
population1 x mu/ always be simply "o   

dep>tm5t 9 ! univ]sal *ur*4  ,b x w be  
said t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* may accommodate 
itself to republican in/itutions4 ,m4   
,r5an d\bts :e!r any radical *ange c be 
made4 ,he says3       ,ca?olicism1      
p]suad$ t x works = ! tru?1 w always    
endeavor to enli/ ! /ate 9 its def5ce or
 its spread4444      ,ca?olicism is1 9  
fact1 ! believ]'s c\ntry1 f> m ?an is   
! l& ( 8 bir?4 ,! /rong] a religion is1 
! m      effective x is 9 ?is way4444 ,m
 & m h ,ca?olics be5      br\ght to ?9k 
t !y d]ive life & salvation f ,rome4 ,x 
is especially wor? rem>k+ t ! new       
,ca?olic conque/s      exhibit ! mo/    
s5sitiv5ess on ?is po9t4 ,! old         
prov9cial      ,ca?olic1 ^: fai? belong$
 to ! soil1 has less ne$ ( !      ,pope1
 & is mu* less al>m$ at ! /orms t m5ace 
him1 ?an      ! new ,ca?olics1 :o are   
com+ fre% to ,ca?olicism1 & reg>d      !
 ,pope1 aft] ! new sy/em1 z ! au?or &   
def5d] ( _!      fai?4444 ,ca?olicism   
has be5 s$uc$ into becom+ a religion    
ess5tially political4 ,! ,pope becomes !

 actual sov]eign ( !      *ur*4  ,b     
suppos+ t su* an alt]ation is possible1 
t ! *ur* c abase its pret5sions to      
supremacy ov] all o!r sects1 t ,romanism
 simply melts into our society1--9 ?is  
case1 ! papacy1 z usually und]/ood1     
becomes simply a =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t l   
,presbyt]ianism or ,congregationalism or
 ,episcopacy2 ,ca?olicism becomes a     
purely spiritual fai?1 &1 z su*1 is n   
only h>mless b b5efic5t4  ,! religion1  
!re=e1 ( ,am]ica _c be ecclesia/ical2   
nei!r c x be dogmatic4 ,i 0 on ! po9t ( 
say+ !ological2 b !re is a great        
diff]5ce betwe5 !ological & dogmatical4 
,dogmatism is !ology rais$ to p[]4      
,!ology !re always mu/ be2 "s acc\nt ( !
 ,supreme ,p[] 9 ! _w2 "s report ( !    
cont5ts ( ! ,div9e ,m9d4 ,! pres5t      
indiff]5ce to !ology is h>dly a good    
sign1 unless x be an indiff]5ce to      
!ology z usually reg>d$--t is1 to ! old 
sy/ems ( !ology4 ,! future religion1 =  
?is reason1 _c be ,prote/antism4 ,=     
,prote/antism is ess5tially dogmatical4 

,x claims sup]iority to ,romanism on !  
"o h& & to infidelity on ! o!r4         
,fur!rmore1 x is id5tifi$ ) ! ,bible4   
,n[1 mod]n sci5tific criticism has s    
riddl$ ! ,bible1 t x no long] c s]ve z a
 f\ndation4 ,& ?is f\ndation be+ tak5   
away1 ,prote/antism mu/ lose its        
corn]-/one1 & re/ entirely on a rational
 basis4 ,likewise1 ,prote/antism        
enc\rages sect>ianism4 ,x exi/s1 9 fact1
 only 9 num]\s p>ties1 ea* jeal\s ( !   
re/ & seek+ to build up its own         
e/abli%m5t )\t reg>d to ! well-be+ (    
oppos+ bodies4 ,!re is a dream ( unity  
amid all ?is div]sity4 ,b su* unity c be
 ga9$ only by ! sacrifice ( ! v         
peculi>ity ( division1 & ! admission (  
c]ta9 ?+s :i* all h 9 common2 & su* a   
reconciliation1 besides ! tyranny x     
eng5d]s1 _c be desir$1 z x w\ld be fatal
 to all activity4 ,sect>ianism itself1  
ap>t f ! hatr$1 malice1 & un*>itabl5ess 
:i* accompany x1 may n ( necessity be an
 evil2 b sect>ianism z x exi/s n[ is an 
evil ( v great mom5t1 & yet1 )\t some?+ 

( ?is ali5ation betwe5 sects            
,prote/antism w\ld decl9e4  ,is         
,unit>ianism !n to be ! com+ religion8  
,i _c ?9k s4 ,unit>ianism is b a =m (   
,prote/antism2 ! mo/ att5uat$ =m4 ,x is 
committ$ to ! ,bible2 held to x inde$ by
 a v f9e ?read1 b /ill held to x4 ,no   
d\bt x has ga9$ greatly 9 ! la/ ye>s4 ,!
 annual circulation ( its tracts has    
ris5 9 tw5ty-five or ?irty ye>s f fifte5
 ?\s& to ?ree hundr$ ?\s& copies4 ,a    
qu>t] ( a c5tury ago !re 0 b "o         
,unit>ian *ur* on ! ,pacific coa/1 n[   
!re are eighte54 ,a g5]ation s9ce x _h1 
9 ! :ole region f ! ,alleghanies to !   
,rocky ,m\nta9s1 only f\rte5 *ur*es1 n[ 
!re are n9ety2 & 9 ! same p]iod1        
sixty-?ree new societies h come into be+
 9 ! ,new ,engl& & ,middle ,/ates4      
,/ill1 z comp>$ ) ! great sects1 x is v 
small1 & nev] c be _! rival4 ,& ?is     
because1 h[ev] int]e/+ & preci\s x may  
be to "s p1 x lacks1 & mu/ ev] lack1 ow+
 to its critical "*1 ! elem5ts ( a great
 religion1 ! passionat5ess t *>ms ! p1 &

 ! moral en?usiasm t cat*es up ! few m5 
( g5ius4 ,! p]iod ( pale negations is   
pa/2 b 9 proportion z ! sy/em becomes   
positive x t5ds m & m t[>ds ! pr9ciple t
 animates ! e?ical societies1 namely1   
its supreme devotion to ! moral law4    
,?us x /&s at ! beg9n+1 n at ! end1 ( ! 
l9e ( advance1 & has all ! "w ( build+  
up to d1 be=e x c gr[ 9 g5]al influ5ce4 
,no1 ! religion ( ! future 9 ,am]ica mu/
 be ( ! _s2 n m]ely z be+ indep5d5t ( =m
 & dogma1 b z *]i%+ a great hope = !    
s\l1 & a great aspiration aft]          
p]fection4 ,no d\bt e _s mu/ h a =m ( "s
 k9d1 b x ne$ n be a fix$1 e/abli%$1    
dom9ant imposition4 ,m4 ,r5an t\*$ !    
matt] exactly :5 comm5t+ on ! int]view (
 ,jesus ) ! woman ( ,sam>ia3 ,woman1 !  
h\r is com+ & n[ is1 :5 m5 %all wor%ip  
nei!r on ?is m\nta9 nor at ,j]usalem1 b 
:5 ! true wor%ipp]s %all wor%ip ! ,fa!r 
9 _s & 9 tru?4 ,r5an says3       ,:5 !  
,*ri/ pron\nc$ ?is ^w1 he became really 
a ,son (      ,god1 & = ! fir/ "t spoke 
! ^w ^u :i* et]nal      religion %all   

repose4 ,he f\nd$ ! wor%ip )\t date1 )\t
      c\ntry1 :i* %all endure to ! end (
 "t4 ,he creat$ a heav5      ( pure     
s\ls1 :]e "o f9ds :at "o asks 9 va9 = on
 !      e>?1 ! p]fect nobl5ess ( !      
*ildr5 ( ,god1 absolute      purity1    
total ab/raction f ! impurities ( ! _w1 
!      lib]ty :i* has its complete      
amplitude only 9 ! _w (      ?\ght4444  
,! love ( ,god conceiv$ z ! type ( all  
p]fection1 ! love ( man1 *>ity1 8 :ole  
doctr9e is r$uc$      to ?is2 no?+ c be 
less !ological1 less sac]dotal1 no?+    
m philosophical1 m pr(\nd1 or m simple4 
,! com+ religion mu/ also be humane &   
social4 ,intellectual x mu/ c]ta9ly be1 
b x mu/1 too1 be emotional & ador+4 ,!re
 are ?ree implications 9 x--a spiritual 
nature 9 man1 a liv+ p[] 9 ! univ]se1 an
 et]nal life ( progress & atta9m5t1 & ^!
 are assur$ only by reason4  ,! com+    
religion1 we may add1 mu/ be ,*ri/ian 9 
"n1 because ,*ri/ianity z an ideal fai? 
has work$ itself into our common life4  
,x is ! s\l ( our laws1 ( our cu/oms1 ( 

our in/itutions4 ,all assume its        
au?ority2 all respect its sanction4 ,!  
great ?9k]s ( ! _w conspire 9 ?9k+ s4   
,?us ,goe! says3       ,let intellectual
 culture progress2 let natural sci5ce   
ext5d our      k2 let ! human m9d gr[2 x
 w nev] out/rip !      gr&eur (         
,*ri/ianity1 nor its moral culture4     
,/rauss1 9 8 essay on ,! ,transi5t &    
,p]man5t 9 ,*ri/ianity1 decl>es t       
humanity nev] w be )\t religion2 &      
,laveleye says3       ,x is ,*ri/ianity 
:i* has %$ abroad 9 ! _w ! idea (       
fell[%ip1 f :i* issue ! aspirations aft]
 equality :i*      ?reat5 ! actual      
social ord]2 x is also ! influ5ce (     
,*ri/ianity :i* arre/s ! explosion ( ?is
 subv]sive =ce1      & its pr9ciples1   
bett] compris$ & bett] appli$1 w br+    
back by degrees peace 9 society4  ,ours 
is a sci5tific age4 ,!re is a g5]al dem&
 = k1 a desire = demon/rat$ tru?4 ,_m w 
believe no?+ t !y _c see ) _! eyes4 ,9  
?is s5se1 & 9 ?is s5se alone1 x is true 
t facts c\nt = no?+ 9 ! doma9 (         

religion4 ,b !re are facts ( ! inn] _w t
 are q z important z any facts 9 ! out] 
_w1--facts ( ! imag9ation2 facts ( love2
 facts ( fai?4 ,no?+ is tru] ?an t we   
are sav$ by hope4 ,sci5ce has enl>g$ !  
_w2 has beautifi$ x2 has made x look    
ord]ly1 h>moni\s1 poetic2 b ! realm ( ! 
kn[n is v small inde$ z comp>$ ) ! realm
 ( ! unkn[n1 & ! m we discov]1 ! m we   
f9d t !re is to discov]4 ,! realm ( !   
inn] _w is imm5sely l>ge2 & ?\s&s ( ye>s
 mu/ elapse be=e we discov] its cont5ts1
 if we ev] d4 ,! language ( ,james      
,m>t9eau is z true to-day z x 0 :5 !    
words 7 spok51 m ?an fifty ye>s ago3    
,until we t\* ^u ! my/]i\s1 we are n 9  
contact )      religion2 nor are any    
objects rev]5tly reg>d$ by u1 except    
su* z1 f _! nature or _! va/ness1 are   
felt to transc5d      our               
compreh5sion4444 ,! /ation :i* ! s\l    
occupies :5 its      dev\t affections   
are awak5$1 is always ?is2 on ! twilight
      betwe5 immeasurable d>kness &     
refre%+ light2 on ! conf9es      betwe5 

! se5 & ! unse52 :]e a little is disc]n$
 & an      inf9itude conceal$2 :]e a few
 di/9ct conceptions /& 9      confess$  
inadequacy1 z symbols ( ineffable       
realities4444 ,& if      ?is be true1 ! 
s5se ( :at we d n "k is z ess5tial to   
our religion z ! impression ( :at we d  
"k3 ! ?\ght (      ! b\ndless1 !        
incompreh5sible1 mu/ bl5d 9 our m9d )   
! p]ception ( ! cle> & true3 ! little k 
we h      mu/ be clung to z ! m>g9 ( an 
invisible imm5sity2 & all      our      
positive ideas be reg>d$ z ! m]e float  
to %[ !      surface ( ! inf9ite deep4  
,%all ,i say t "s =m ( !ism w be !      
religion ( ,am]ica 9 ! future8 ,n !     
lit]al !ism ( a g5]ation or m ago1 ) its
 individual ,god1 its contriv+          
,provid5ce1 its supplicatory pray]1 its 
future ( retribution2 nor yet ! !ism (  
,!odore ,p>k]1 ( an inf9ite ,god reveal$
 9 consci\sness1 ! ,be+1 inf9itely      
p[]ful1 inf9itely wise1 inf9itely j1    
inf9itely lov+1 & inf9itely holy4 ,x    
well may resemble ! sy/em describ$ by   

,francis ,w4 ,newman 9 8 book call$     
,!ism1 publi%$ 9 ,london 9 #aheh4 ,9 ?is
 "w he describes a religion bas$ on     
consci5ce1 )\t reg>d to any =m ( pr(ess$
 fai?1 yet cov]+ 9 its !ory & practice !
 :ole region ( ideal e?ics4 ,diff]5t    
m9ds approa* ! problem f diff]5t        
directions4 ,mr4 ,f4 ,e4 ,abbot         
7,sci5tific ,!ism1 #ahhe7 appeals to    
sci5ce2 ,josiah ,royce pr9t$ a volume 9 
#ahhe entitl$ ,! ,religi\s ,aspect (    
,philosophy1 :]e9 he pursues ! l9e (    
sympa!tic ?\ght2 ,james ,m>t9eau 9 8    
,/udy ( ,religion 7#ahhh71 bases 8 sy/em
 on ! moral s5se2 b all ?ree arrive at !
 same po9t--a supreme m9d 9 creation4   
,we mu/ be c>eful n to conf\nd ,!ism )  
,deism1 = ?\gh bo? are ! same ^w--"o    
,greek & "o ,lat9--& mean ! same ?+1 yet
 !y /& = entirely diff]5t conceptions4  
,deism is a purely negative sy/em1      
weigh$ d[n ) d5ials4 ,x is cont5t :5 x  
has reject$ :at x calls all sup]natural 
adjuncts--miracles1 revelations1 an     
inspir$ ,scripture4 ,its face is set    

t[>ds ! pa/1 n t[>d ! future1 & x is    
simply :at is left ( ! old sy/ems (     
belief1 hav+ no positive philosophy (   
its own4 ,b ,!ism is a positive1 fre%1  
orig9al fai?4 ,x gazes =w>d1 & builds on
 ! natural consci\sness ( man1 mak+ no  
criticism on previ\s modes ( belief4 ,x 
is full ( hope & en?usiasm1 look+ t[>ds 
some?+ t is be=e x1 n scorn+ b believ+4 
,all t x ne$s 9 ord] to become a popul> 
fai? is a poetical elem5t1 some?+       
imag9ative1 symbolical1 picturesque4 ,! 
intellectual requirem5ts x already      
possesses4 ,x is affirmative2 x is      
univ]sal4  ,nei!r mu/ ?is k9d ( !ism be 
id5tifi$ ) natural religion1 unless     
natural religion be made to compreh5d   
facts ( ! inn] z well z ! out] _w--facts
 ( psy*ology z well z ( physiology2     
facts ( m9d z well z ( body4 ,su* a !ism
 is n a m]e rem9isc5ce1 ei!r1 ( an      
anci5t fai?2 = e =m ( m$iatorial        
religion1 h[ev] modifi$1 simplifi$1     
enlight5$1 z x is call$1 leaves some?+ (
 its temp] beh9d x4 ,! intellect is     

haunt$ by old modes ( tru?2 ! he>t l+]s 
ar\nd ! anci5t places ( rev]5ce2 !      
consci5ce ref]s to "s antique au?ority2 
! s\l _c pray except 9 ! language ( a   
pat]-no/] or a psalm4 ,a sc5t z ( roses 
may hang r\nd ! human m9d2 b ! roses w  
be gr[n 9 "s g>d5 ( ! ,ea/1 n 9 ours4   
,su* a !ism z ,i am ?9k+ ( w be gr\nd$ 9
 ,e?ical ,law4 ,y may call x ,*ri/ian1  
if y w1 because ! ^w ,*ri/ian expresses 
! highe/ =m ( ! moral s5tim5t1 & c>ries 
a supreme au?ority to ! human consci5ce2
 b on ! human consci5ce x mu/ re/4 ,x w 
be a noble1 pure fai?1 giv+ a welcome to
 all k1 bright ) anticipation1 w>m )    
en?usiasm4 ,z ,john ,weiss has said s   
mu* bett] ?an ,i c :at ,i mean1 ,i w    
quote a passage f him4 ,x occurs 9      
,am]ican ,religion 7page #fg73       ,_c
 ! p[] :i* su/a9s1 )\t budg+ f ! spot1  
my      p]sonal vitality1 su/a9 & n\ri% 
! imm$iate consci5ce (      :i* t       
vitality makes me aw>e8 ,i _c hurt my   
heal?1 nor      tell a lie1 nor commit a
 fraud1 nor /rike my bro!r1 nor leave   

! begg> 9 ! dit*1 nor p>ade my          
sup]iorities1 )\t      kn[+ x by direct 
intimation4 ,my pa9s are its rebukes1 my
      delights its sympa?ies1 my hopes  
its sugge/ions1 my sacrifices      its  
impo/1 my heav5ly long+s its apology =  
haunt+ me      =ev]4 ,!re is a p[] 9 :i*
 ,i live & move & h my      be+1 9 :i*  
,i eat1 dr9k1 brea!1 sleep1 wake1 love &
 hate1      m>ry1 & protect a home4 ,is 
x incapable ( su/a9+ all my             
functions ( true religion on ! spot z   
well z ^!8 ,d ,i h      ^! )\t a        
m$iator1 & mu/ ,i travel = ! re/8 ,:5 ,i
      und]take to brea! by tradition x w
 be "t = me to get a      s5se ( ,god 9 
! same way4  ,! ,dignity ( ,human       
,nature mu/ be our wat*word2 ( human    
nature1 n ( human "*4 ,= human nature   
d5otes ! capacities ( man1 :at he ought 
to be & %all be1 n :at he is4 ,human "* 
expresses only ! undevelop$ condition ( 
man1 & is !re=e n to be tak5 z a f9al   
/&4 ,?is doctr9e does n belong to a sect
 or a *ur*1 b to all mank9d4 ,x assumes 

an entirely new conception ( ! basis (  
religi\s fai?2 x makes a new beg9n+2 x  
/>ts a new sy/em2 x exactly rev]ses !   
anci5t ord] ( ?\ght1 & builds up f a    
completely orig9al f\ndation4  ,!       
weightie/ objections proce$ f !         
undevelop$ "* ( man4 ,= example1 !      
common say+ t consci5ce is crude1       
confus$1 ei!r does n exi/ at all1 or    
erects inconsi/5t /&>ds ( "r & wrong4 ,b
 if a high crit]ion ( morality is       
e/abli%$1 z x is1 x has an educat+ &    
su/a9+ p[]4 ,e sa9t atte/s x2 all !     
bibles ( ! _w voice x2 revelation owes  
to x its au?ority4 ,great s\ls d b raise
 ! common level on :i* common s\ls      
tread2 z ! discov]y ( ! anci5t pavem5ts 
9 ! ,=um at ,rome op5s to ord9>y feet ! 
way t /atesm5 & h]oes w5t4 ,:5 ,i 0 9   
,salem1 a "y man :o 0 v mu* addict$ to  
dr9k1 be+ remon/rat$ )1 urg$ t he c\ld n
 help x1 t he 0 born s1 j z ano!r 0 born
 to praise & pray4 ,8 appetite = ard5t  
spirits 0 j z natural to him z !        
prea*]'s appetite = spiritual ?+s4 ,8   

argum5t c\ld n be refut$1 b ,i always   
?\ght t 9 8 h\rs ( reflection1 if he _h 
any1 he mu/ h despis$ himself4 ,at all  
ev5ts1 ! outside obs]v] w\ld class him )
 a l[] ord] ( humanity2 ! fix$ rule (   
consci5ce be+ a univ]sal judge4  ,aga91 
! sl[ness ( moral advance is flung 9 our
 tee?2 ! /ubbornness ( vice & evil4 ,b  
we mu/ give "t = improvem5t &           
cultivation4 ,all good ?+s mu/          
wait--coal1 petroleum1 gas1 electricity2
 ! f]tiliz+ qualities ( guano 7 kn[n &  
ann\nc$ a full g5]ation be=e ! indu/rial
 _w act$ on ! discov]y2 n[ millions (   
doll>s are made by its importation4 ,we 
are s us$ to ?9k+ ( ! globe z r\nd1 & ( 
m5 z liv+ at ! antipodes j z we live "h1
 t we _c believe t once x 0 deem$       
impossible = human creatures to live )  
_! heads d[nw>d & _! feet upw>d1 & to   
walk l flies ^u a ceil+4 ,none b        
hopelessly crazy or fooli% p 7 suppos$  
to ent]ta9 su* a notion4 ,s ! "t w come 
:5 x %all be z natural = m5 to d "r z to
 brea!2 :5 all k9ds ( inju/ice1 cruelty1

 & tyranny w be in/9ctively ab&on$4 ,:5 
t "t does come1 m5 w be unable to       
believe t ! ages ev] 7 :5 m5 c\ld make  
brutes ( !mselves or brutally treat ea* 
o!r4 ,an em95t div9e1 comm5t+ on a      
passage 9 ,mat!w1 xviii41 #ae--,moreov]1
 if ?y bro!r %all trespass aga9/ !e1 g &
 tell him 8 fault betwe5 him & !e alone2
 if he %all he> !e1 ?\ ha/ ga9$ ?y      
bro!r4 ,b if he w n he> !e1 !n take ) !e
 "o or two m1 t 9 ! m\? ( two or ?ree   
witnesses e ^w may be e/abli%$4 ,& if he
 %all neglect to he> !m1 tell x unto !  
*ur*3 b if he neglect to he> ! *ur*1 let
 him be unto !e z a hea!n man & a       
publican1--said3 ,?is is equival5t to   
say+1 ',y mu/ beg9 all ov] aga92 mu/ />t
 fre% f ! beg9n+4' ,?is 0 v bad         
exegesis1 b x 0 excell5t morality2 ev5 !
 hea!n man & ! publican holds 9 8 bosom 
all ! possibilities ( human nature2 & we
 are b\nd to believe t 9 "t ! l ( him   
may be sa9tly4  ,! decl9e ( fai? 9      
religion1 ! passion = mat]ial           
?+s--money1 fame1 luxury1--is (t5 cit$ z

 a pro( t man is go+ d[nw>d2 b may n ?is
 be a simple return to hone/y & a       
rudim5tal integrity2 a disposition to   
dep5d on "o's self1 & n on any m$iator  
or r$eem]8 ,let u build !n 9 hope &     
fai?1 =1 aft] all1 ^! are ! great       
ar*itects4 ,a li/5] to an em95t div9e   
once said t :5 he got up to speak a     
radiance seem$ to gr[ r\nd 8 head2 !    
great walls ( a temple seem$ to rise    
above him2 ! audi5ce 0 compos$ ( all    
nations1 all sorts & conditions ( m51 & 
a *oir ( s]aphs made ! music2 & yet ?is 
man spoke 9 a small1 l[-br[$ hall to a  
scanty audi5ce1 & ! hymns 7 badly sung  
by a volunt>y company4 ,su* p[] has a   
great conviction2 & :5 a deep conviction
 l t is ext5d$ & confirm$1 ! visible    
*ur* w mat* ! invisible1 & %eph]ds w    
aga9 he> ! songs ( angels4     ,,xvii4  
,,confessions4   ,! c\rse ( spiritual   
advance is trac$ ) difficulty &         
hesitation4 ,x is ! mo/ obscure phase ( 
! g5]al problem ( progress1 :i* is almo/
 insoluble4 ,!re are s _m curr5ts &     

c\nt]-curr5ts2 s _m tribut>ies2 s _m    
swift torr5ts & /ill bays2 s _m times ! 
/ream seems mov+ 9 ! opposite           
direction--x is n surpris+ if "s h      
conclud$ t !re 0 no progress at all1 t  
we only mov$ 9 a circle1 w5t ov] ! same 
gr\nd aga9 & aga91 & ev5 m>*$ backw>ds2 
:at "s c\nt$ ga9 o!rs c\nt$ loss4 ,a ke5
 exam9ation sugge/s t on ! :ole advance 
has be5 made1 all[ance be+ conc$$ = _m a
 turn & v>iation4  ,! law ( evolution   
may be consid]$ e/abli%$1 b ! me?od (   
evolution is hidd54 ,! law ( h]$it>y    
desc5t may be admitt$1 & yet ! l9es (   
h]$it>y desc5t are by no means obvi\s4  
,t5d5cies may ev5 run 9 p>allel l9es1   
may aid ea* o!r1 may confuse ea* o!r1   
may neutralize ea* o!r1 may g v f> or   
lie close at h&1 & 9 any individual     
in/ance x is almo/ impossible to f9d h[ 
!y "w4  ,9 my own case ! inf]5ces (     
temp]am5t foll[$ ea* o!r4 ,dur+ ! fir/  
fifty ye>s ( my life ,i 0 ma9ly "u !    
influ5ce ( my fa!r's temp]am5t4 ,i sang1
 wrote hymns & poems1 s5t pieces to !   

pap]s1 0 sangu9e1 incl9$ to take a happy
 view ( all exp]i5ces2 b at ! same "t ,i
 0 consci\s ( ano!r tra9 ( ?\ght :i*    
/ruggl$ fitfully ) ! fir/1 acquir+ m & m
 p[] until at la/ x ga9$ ! asc5d5cy1 &  
,i f\nd myself m incl9$ to cons]vatism1 
z x is call$1 to a grave1 sob]1 s]i\s   
reg>d = exi/+ in/itutions & modes (     
op9ion4 ,x is said t ?is might h be5 !  
effect ( ye>s1 inasmu* z aft] middle    
life "o is v apt to exp]i5ce a *ange (  
s5tim5t4 ,b 9 my own case "t w h>dly    
expla9 ! ph5om5on1 = long be=e ,i came  
to middle age ,i 0 aw>e ( ?is less      
hopeful t5d5cy 9 my con/itution4 ,x 0 my
 "m's influ5ce succe$+ my fa!r's4 ,&    
?\gh x nev] entirely prevail$1 ,i c see 
h[ x may h %ad[$ my visions ( ! future4 
,& x makes me some:at di/ru/ful ( !     
entire sanity ( my criticism4 ,i am     
afraid ( n be+ hopeful en\gh4  ,i h     
sometimes suspect$ myself ( a too       
critical disposition1 a prop5sity to    
discov] defects 9 m5 & op9ion1 to look  
at ! d>k side ( sy/ems t 7 repudiat$2 & 

9 ! ef=t to correct ! ab]rations ( a    
lit]al e/imate ,i may h gone too f> 9 ! 
opposite direction1 r5d]+ m ?an ju/ice  
to antagoni/ic doctr9es4 ,b ?is1 if x 0 
an error1 0 c]ta9ly n an error to be    
a%am$ (4 ,= say :at we w1 ! p>tial man  
is n ! :ole man1 nor is cold p]ception  
true p]ception4 ,!re mu/ be sympa?y 9 e 
act ( judgm5t1 z ,dr4 ,diman wisely     
wrote 7,! ,!i/ic ,argum5t1 p4 #cb73 ,9 !
 pursuit ( ! highe/ tru? n "o faculty b 
all faculties ne$ to be enli/$4 ,e      
sy/em1 h[ev] =mal or dogmatical x may h 
become1 _h 9 ! beg9n+ its spiritual     
aspect2 x 0 pi\sly1 if n humanely1      
meant2 & 9 ord] to be rightly           
compreh5d$1 %\ld be survey$ f ! inside4 
,! mo/ repulsive doctr9e has some?+ to  
urge 9 its favor1 & x is ! duty ( ! true
 rationali/ to f9d out :at x may be4    
,if ! incl9ation to take a common-s5se  
view ( op9ions 0 d]iv$ f my "m's side1 a
 /rong democratic b5t 0 prim>ily due to 
h]4 ,my gr&fa!r 0 a poor boy :o e>n$ 8  
=tune by ! simple qualities ( indu/ry1  

integrity1 p]sev]ance1 indep5d5ce1      
fai?fulness1 hone/y1--virtues :i* he    
bequea!d to 8 *ildr54 ,^! inh]it$       
dispositions 7 enc\rag$ by ! social     
influ5ces ( ! public s*ool1 :i*1 9 spite
 ( its labori\s me?od ( imp>t+ a k (    
,lat9 & ,greek1 ?rew ! lads toge!r1 ?us 
break+ d[n artificial di/9ctions2 & also
 by my exp]i5ce at ,h>v>d ,college1 :]e 
s*ol>%ip 0 associat$ ) m]e manhood1 & 0 
cultivat$ by y\? ( all conditions4 ,!   
anti-slav]y agitation 0 a practical     
in/ructor 9 humanity1 indicat+ z x did !
 wide/ sympa?y ( race4 ,an assumption ( 
! ess5tial id5tity ( all sorts ( m9d 0 a
 c>d9al pr9ciple ( transc5d5talism1 :ile
 my lat] exp]i5ces confirm$ ^! e>ly     
t5d5cies4 ,my societies 9 ,j]sey ,city &
 ,new ,york 7 popul> 9 _! composition4  
,! ,free ,religi\s ,association 0 bas$  
on univ]sal s5tim5ts4 ,! cl]ical        
pr(ession 01 9 my day1 broadly human1 s 
t ari/ocratic proclivities _h small hope
 ( prevail+4 ,9 fact1 ! lessons :i* ,i  
le>n$ f ,r4 ,w4 ,em]son & ,w5dell       

,phillips sank deeply 91 & became cle>] 
z ye>s w5t on4  ,"o c h>dly say t le>n+ 
is retrogressive :5 "o ?9ks ( ,dr4      
,doell+]1 ( ,g]many2 ,erne/ ,r5an1 (    
,france2 ,b5jam9 ,j[ett1 ,ar?ur ,p4     
,/anley1 ,james ,m>t9eau1 ( ,engl&2 b   
erudition mu/1 z a rule1 be cons]vative2
 = x associates ! m9d directly ) ! pa/1 
b9ds "o d[n to facts ( hi/ory1 & lays   
great /ress on ! te/imony ( evid5ce4 ,x 
/ill is true t abundance ( luggage is a 
sign t "o is f> f home4 ,& !y :o c move 
quickly ) all ?is weight ^u !m mu/ h    
extraord9>y g5ius4  ,an indiff]5ce to   
dogma is also *>act]i/ic ( a speculative
 re=m]2 & ,i _c recollect ! "t :5 ,i c>$
 mu* = doctr9al diff]5ces4 ,all que/ions
 7 to me op5 que/ions4 ,i _h d\bts ab\t 
ev]y?+1 & nev] suff]$ acute pa9 f su*   
d\bts4 ,! influ5ce ( ,jesus1 !          
immortality ( ! s\l1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 7
 always expos$ to misgiv+s4 ,ev]y?+     
active 0 int]e/+ to me1 :e!r x look$    
t[>d radicalism or n4 ,?is 0 an         
advantage1 n m]ely because x sav$ me f  

suff]+1 b because x enabl$ me to face   
all em]g5cies4  ,b "s "o w say3 ,does n 
! love ( tru? c\nt = any?+8 ,yes1       
und\bt$ly x does4 ,b lov]s ( tru? d n by
 any means belong to ! same s*ool1 or   
look = light f ! same qu>t]2 "s are     
,romani/s1 "s ,prote/ants2 "s h no      
religion at all4 ,lov]s ( tru? are f\nd 
9 all d5om9ations1 f ,calv9i/ to        
,unit>ian1 f ,*ri/ian to ,buddhi/4 ,tru?
 exi/s = u 9 lay]s4 ,!re are tru?s ( !  
lett] & tru?s ( ! _s2 !re is tru? to    
fact1 & tru? to fancy2 !re is tru? to ! 
individual s\l1 & tru? to ! public      
consci5ce2 !re is tru? to ! he>t1 to !  
moral s5se1 to ! spiritual intuition3 b 
x w n d to *>ge lack ( tru?fulness ^u   
anybody simply because he does n hold ! 
same op9ion ) ourselves4 ,m4 ,r5an      
some:]e says t 9 ord] to judge a sy/em  
"o mu/ h be5 9 x z a disciple1 & outside
 ( x z a critic4 ,b !n only a v         
extraord9>y p]son c d ?is4 ,z a disciple
 he mu/ be e>ne/1 intellig5t1 devot$2 z 
a critic he mu/ be )\t prejudice1 )\t   

animosity1 & )\t guile4 ,?us ! po9t (   
view mu/ ( necessity be individual4 ,!re
 c be no g5]al or absolute /&>d (       
judgm5t4 ,"o ?+ only is c]ta93 ! fact ( 
spiritual progress2 b :at con/itutes ?is
 progress nobody c tell4 ,s9ce #ahbb    
till n[ ! *ange 9 ,unit>ianism has be5  
imm5se1 & x has consi/$ 9 ! gradual     
supremacy ( reason ov] tradition1 b x   
has be5 almo/ too sudd5 & too swift4    
,progress _h bett] be sl[1 9 ord] t x   
may be sure4 ,"o /ep at a "t1 = ! reason
 t only "o /ep at a "t c be tak5 safely4
 ,we mu/ n jump at conclusions4 ,!re mu/
 be unb\nd$ ca?olicity ( ?\ght1 b x mu/ 
n be made up ( indiff]5ce1 concession1 &
 idle compliance4  ,exp]i5ce has taught 
me _m ?+s--?is among o!rs1 t !re is no  
f9al crit]ion ( tru?1 n criticism1 or   
sci5ce1 or philosophy1 or lib]ty4 ,!re  
is no "q any m ( de/ructive &           
con/ructive4 ,! ,supreme ,p[] is always 
con/ructive1 & ! ,supreme ,p[] is sure  
at la/ to prevail4 ,!re is an old ,greek
 fable1 t ,apollo once *all5g$ ,jupit]  

to %oot4 ,! sun-god %ot an arr[ to ! v  
conf9es ( ! e>?2 !n ,jupit]1 at "o      
/ride1 rea*$ ! limits ( creation1 &     
said1 ,:]e %all ,i %oot8 ,we are n      
,jupit]s2 we are n ,apollos2 b we c take
 our /& & %oot our arr[s a little way   
into ! d>k4 ,! utmo/ we c d is to be    
/eadfa/ 9 our own places2 be fai?ful to 
our own call+2 draw our own %aft to !   
head4 ,fa!r ,heck] said a brave ?+ to me
 :51 on decl9+ my reque/ t he w\ld speak
 be=e ! ,free ,religi\s ,association1 he
 took ! gr\nd t 9 a few weeks           
,ca?olicism w\ld ent] ,bo/on 9 triumph4 
,i honor$ ! ,broad ,*ur*man1 :o said to 
me once t he always prea*$ ,*ri/ z an   
hi/orical p]son1 & wi%$ he _h a *ur* big
 en\gh to hold all humanity2 & ,i admir$
 ! ,presbyt]ian cl]gyman :o comm5d$ !   
s9c]ity ( ,dr4 ,briggs1 :om "s reg>d$ z 
a h]etic4 ,fidelity to "o's own ^w &    
gift is ! "o ?+ ne$ful "h4  ,:e!r x be !
 t5d5cy ( mod]n ?\ght1 or :e!r x be n1  
to ab&on ! ,*ri/ian religion & ca/      
discr$it on e k9d ( fai? held by !      

*ur*es & pr(essors ?r\gh\t ! _w1 _c1 9  
?is g5]ation1 be decid$4 ,9 any ev5t1 we
 %all n be left desolate4 ,= nature w   
rema91 ) its unfa?omable res\rces ( use 
& beauty4 ,! m9d w rema91 ) its inf9ite 
faculties ( reason & imag9ation4 ,! he>t
 w rema91 ) its insatiable affections & 
desires4 ,consci5ce w rema91 ) its s5se 
( duty4 ,! s5tim5ts ( awe1 wond]1       
admiration1 wor%ip1 w n expire4 ,!      
recon/ructive p[]s w /ill be active1 & e
 creative quality w cont9ue 9 full      
op]ation4 ,k1 lit]ature1 art1 w live &  
fl\ri% 9 new manife/ations2 & no orig9al
 capacity w lie unemploy$4  ,we %\ld h  
le>n$ by ?is "t t no?+ dies be=e its h\r
 has come2 t processes ( recup]ation    
keep ev5 pace ) processes ( decay2 t =ms
 alone p]i% :ile pr9ciples endure2 t    
liv+ ?+s become m mighty & glori\s z !y 
?r[ (f encumbrances2 t /r5g? always 9 ! 
end accompanies simplicity4  ,! idea (  
,god has pass$ ?r\gh sev]al phases1 &   
ea* new phase has be5 a ga94 ,! deity :o
 0 an individual has become a p]son2 !  

attributes ( p]sonality1 z commonly     
und]/ood1 h disappe>$1 s t pan!ism has  
succe$$ to a me*anical !ism2 ,god has   
become a "n = our mo/ exalt$ feel+s1 s t
 in/ead ( say+ ,god is ,_s1 "s read ,_s 
is ,god2 yet ! anci5t rev]5ce m ?an     
p]si/s1 is on ! increase4 ,& if ! c\rse 
( dis9tegration ( ! old clumsy          
conception %\ld g on1 !re ne$ be no     
appreh5sion t lov+ v5]ation w decl9e4   
,! future life is no long] associat$ )  
retribution1 & immortality means        
opportunity in/ead ( doom4 ,%\ld !      
doctr9e ( moral influ5ce foll[ ^u !     
doctr9e ( spiritual progression1 !      
ess5tial significance ( ! t5et w\ld be  
pres]v$1 = t is e?ical n individual4    
,pray]1 too1 is no m a begg+ = favors1  
or an act ( int]cession4 ,supplication =
 outw>d b5efits has giv5 place to       
petition = spiritual gifts1 & ?is to    
pure aspiration1 ! desire = excell5ce2  
/ill ! s\l's passion is z deep z ev]1   
p]haps deep]4  ,if ,mr4 ,tyndall's      
prophecy %\ld be fulfill$1 & we %\ld    

come to discov] 9 t matt] :i* we1 9 our 
ignorance1 & not)/&+ our pr(ess$ rev]5ce
 = its ,creator1 h hi!rto cov]$ )       
opprobrium1 ! promise & pot5cy ( e =m & 
quality ( life1 !n :at we call matt]    
w\ld simply assume new prop]ties        
comm5surate ) novel tasks4 ,! prop]ties 
!mselves w rema9 z !y 71 & w 9 n[ise    
*ange _! peculi>ity4 ,! anci5t          
attributes ( m9d w p]si/1 :atev] !ory ( 
_! orig9 be adopt$4 ,! old sanctities w 
endure1 & ! burd5 ( responsibility w    
fall ^u ano!r pair ( %\ld]s4  ,?us e    
virtue w be ma9ta9$ 9 complete          
vigor1--rev]5ce1 aspiration1 tru/1      
submission1 confid5ce1 s]5ity1 pati5ce1 
=titude1--& no?+ w be lo/4  ,!n !re is !
 social _w1 9 :i* we live & move & h our
 be+4 ,?is encompasses u beh9d & be=e1 &
 lays its h& ^u u4 ,!re is n an h\r 9 ! 
day1 h>dly a mom5t ( ! h\r1 :5 ! call ( 
duty is n made ^u u4 ,none b ! r>e/     
spirits dis*>ge ! claims ( m]cy &       
bro!rhood2 p g5]ally d n "k :at !y are2 
repudiate !m :5 pres5t$4 ,! prea*]s h m 

?an !y c d to induce practice ( ev5 !   
commone/ virtues ( good w4 ,humanity1 9 
its gr& aspects1 is left to ! writ]s (  
,utopias4 ,n a day passes t consci5ce is
 n ov]-work$1 ev5 :5 x is n p]plex$ by  
misgiv+s 9 reg>d to ! am\nt or ! k9d (  
s]vice x ought to r5d]4 ,"s h s\ght an  
escape 9 ! immortal life f ! dem&s (    
?is2 & "s h d5i$ ! doctr9e ( ano!r _w   
because x drew att5tion away f ?is1 &   
made ! ills ( ! pres5t seem light 9 view
 ( "s com+ beatitude4 ,9 tru?1 ! fri5ds 
( t great hope w d well to rememb] t x  
is id5tical ) moral atta9m5t2 t x is =  
great s\ls2 t      ,! life ( heav5      
above1     ,spr+s f ! life bel[4  ,x is1
 to say ! lea/1 d\btful :e!r any future 
life c d m ?an rip5 se$s t are s[$ "h1  
or :e!r spiritual p]fection w owe any?+ 
ess5tial to o!r ev5ts ( "t1 :ile x is   
c]ta9 t no?+ is sure to abide b :at is  
born ( love4  ,unless ! doctr9e ( a     
future life c be us$ to re9=ce ! doctr9e
 ( moral atta9m5t 9 ! pres5t /ate (     
exi/5ce1 its p[] mu/ dep>t4 ,! cords (  

p]sonal affection are n /rong en\gh to  
hold ! belief4 ,! true inf]5ce f        
disbelief is n express$ 9 ! words1 ,let 
u eat & dr9k = tomorr[ we die2 b 9 ^!1  
,i mu/ "w :ile x is day4 ,?is idea is a 
v old "o4 ,! air 0 full ( x :5 ,i 0 a   
y\?4 ,x 0 ! s\l ( all lib]al fai?4 ,!   
,we/m9/] ,review1 :i* 0 9 full =ce 9 my 
e>ly manhood1 hav+ begun 9 #ahbd1 two   
ye>s aft] my bir?1 0 animat$ by x4 ,!   
,prospective ,review1 ! organ ( !       
spiritual ,unit>ians1 & edit$ by su* m5 
z ,james ,m>t9eau1 ,john ,james ,taylor1
 ,john ,hamilton ,?om1 & ,*>les         
,wick/e$1 a magaz9e aim+ to int]pret &  
repres5t ,spiritual ,*ri/ianity 9 its "*
 ( ! ,univ]sal ,religion1 0 />t$ ab\t   
#ahde4 ,9 its pages spirituality 0      
intimately associat$ ) humanity4 ,!     
books ( ,f4 ,w4 ,newman1 ,! ,s\l        
7#ahdi72 ,phases ( ,fai? 7#ahej72       
,ca?olic ,union 7#ahed71 teem$ ) ?is    
conception4 ,! *>m+ v]ses ( ,william    
,blake1 publi%$ 9 8 ,songs ( ,innoc5ce1 
_h someh[ came to my k4      ,to m]cy1  

pity1 peace1 & love1     ,all pray 9 _! 
di/ress2     ,& to ^! virtues ( delight 
,return _! ?ankfulness4      ,= m]cy1   
pity1 peace1 & love     ,is ,god1 our   
,fa!r de>2     ,& m]cy1 pity1 peace1 &  
love     ,is man1 ,8 *ild & c>e4      ,=
 m]cy has a human he>t2     ,pity1 a    
human face2     ,& love1 ! human =m     
div9e     ,& peace1 ! human dress4      
,!n e man ( e clime     ,t prays1 9 8   
di/ress1     ,prays to ! human =m div9e 
,love1 ,m]cy1 ,pity1 ,peace4      ,& all
 mu/ love ! human =m     ,9 ,hea!n1     
,turk1 or ,jew2     ,:]e m]cy1 love1 &  
pity dwell1     ,!re ,god is dwell+ too4
  ,9 ?is c\ntry ! same idea prevail$ 9 !
 e>ly p]iod ( transc5d5talism1 &        
gradually work$ its way into ! common   
he>t4 ,*ann+ l5t x an impulse4 ,8       
brilliant nephew1 ,william ,h5ry ,*ann+1
 exemplifi$ x4 ,! transc5d5tal prea*]s  
all insi/$ on x4 ,! ,dial 0 *>g$ ) x4 ,!
 mo/ k9dl+ lit]ature ( my gr[+ days drew
 inspiration f x4 ,brook ,f>m1          
,fruitl&s1 & e o!r attempt at           

association 0 built ^u x4 ,mod]n        
socialism owes to x ! fasc9ation x has =
 ! he>t2 & we _c li/5 to a s]mon n[ t   
does n ?rob ) ! emotion x excites4  ,=  
myself ,i mu/ confess t ,i h no int]e/ 9
 ano!r life1 save z x enc\rages !       
endeavor aft] ?is human excell5ce4 ,my  
m5tal con/itution makes me ins5sible to 
s5tim5tal consid]ations1 to argum5ts    
address$ to private affections4 ,z my   
fir/ s]mon 0 ab\t ! bro!rhood ( man1 s  
my pres5t hope is t love may increase1 &
 t ! reign ( !ology may be succe$$ by t 
( *>ity4  ,?is 0 ! dream ( ,abbot       
,joa*im1 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 ! ,ci/]cian 
monk1 f\nd] ( ! mona/]y ( ,floris1 au?or
 ( ,! ,ev]la/+ ,gospel4 ,x 0 8 notion t 
! exi/+ era ( ,*ri/ianity 0 pass+ away4 
,accord+ to him1 !re 7 ?ree             
disp5sations1 correspond+ to ! ?ree     
p]sons 9 ! ,tr9ity--t ( ! ,fa!r1 t ( !  
,son1 t ( ! ,_s1--! disp5sation ( ,awe1 
! disp5sation ( ,wisdom1 & ! disp5sation
 ( ,love4 ,! fir/ 0 repres5t$ by ,pet]1 
! organiz]1 ! patron sa9t ( ,romanism2 !

 second1 by ,paul1 ! prea*] ( ! ,^w1 !  
bulw>k ( ,prote/antism2 ! ?ird by ,john1
 ! se]1 ! belov$ disciple1 ! apo/le (   
love4 ,h[ mu* ! pi\s man meant by ?is we
 _c tell4 ,8 own contempor>ies 7 divid$ 
9 op9ion2 b a pretty fair comm5t>y is   
furni%$1 9 ! fact t 8 writ+ 0 condemn$  
by two ,c\ncils--t ( ! ,lat]an 9 #abae1 
& ( ,arles 9 #abfj1--;& t he has ev]    
s9ce be5 class$ among ! my/ics--t is1 ! 
un9telligible & ! unbalanc$ 9 m9d4      
,true ! prophecy has n be5 lit]ally     
fulfill$1 inasmu* z ! fir/ two          
dispositions are /ill 9 =ce1 & are      
likely to be = _m a day1 b ! ess5ce ( x 
has come to pass4 ,romanism has be5     
depriv$ ( its temporal au?ority1 & is   
r$uc$ to a picturesque =m ( fai?2 its   
disciples easily ?r[ (f its bondage1    
:ile its new pr(essors nev] put x on4   
,prote/antism is decompos+ "u ! influ5ce
 ( d\bt & criticism4 ,! ?\ght (         
bro!rhood is ext5d+4 ,i h small fai? t !
 "t w ev] come :5 all p w wor%ip "u "o  
=m1 or w accept ! same mode ( believ+4  

,i _c ?9k t at ! "n ( ,jesus e knee w   
b[1 or t e tongue w make confession ( 8 
,lord%ip2 b ,i d believe t ! reign (    
ju/ice & good-w %all be e/abli%$4 ,x is 
a great deal to hope = a "t :5 ! _m w   
submit to ! law ( reason1 becom+ /rong  
en\gh to )/& ! =ce ( au?ority 9 *ur* or 
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ent]prise1 intellig5ce1 ! s5se ( mutual 
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,abbot1 ,f4 ,e41 #aag1 #bhb   ,abbott1  
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,w41 #bef   ,bell[s1 ,h4 ,w41 #fc1 #gd1 
#gf1 #aae1 #aaf1 #aah1 #ahd   ,blake1   
,wm41 quot$1 #bii   ,bo/on1 #ag         
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#dc   ,broad ,*ur*1 #ga1 #beg1 etc4     
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#bci1 #bdj1 #bda1 #bdd   ,br[n1 ,john1  
#ajd   ,br[n+1 ,r41 #d1 #af1 #ade1 #bja 
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#ahf1 #bce1 #cjj   ,*ann+1 ,w4 ,h41     
#bcf1 #cjj   ,cl>ke1 ,j4 ,f41 #dd1 #abd 
,cl]ical ,pr(ession1 ,!1 #adf1 etc4     
,colonization1 #aha   ,communion        
,s]vice1 #ff1 etc4   ,comte1 ,a41 #bag  
,conf]5ce1 ,unit>ian1 #aae-aag          
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,m>y1 #agf   ,dewey1 ,orville1 #agf1    

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#bf   ,div9ity ,s*ool1 #be-cd           
,dixwell1 ,e4 ,s41 #bj   ,dwight1 ,j4   
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#ach   ,em]son1 ,r4 ,w41 #ba1 #cd1 #db1 
#dh1 #fh1 #ge1 #abb1 #acd1 #ace1 #ade1  
#aff1 etc41       #aif1 #bji1 #bde1     
#bgj1 #bib   ,endicott1 ,john1 #cf      
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