,transcrib]'s ,notes ,all app>5t pr9t]'s errors reta9$4 ,v>iation 9 punctuation are z 9 ! orig9al1 b miss+ full /ops at end ( p>agraphs h be5 suppli$4 ,!re are inconsi/5cies 9 ! use ( italics1 spac+ ( words & use ( full /op aft] ',,axiome'1 abbreviations etc4 ,all are reta9$ to mat* text4 ,!re is a great v>iation 9 spell+ includ+ multiple spell+s ( ! same ^w1 all spell+ has be5 reta9$ to mat* text4 ,!re are sev]al in/ances ( obvi\sly miss+ lett]s or inv]t$ n u4 ,^! h be5 *ang$ or obvi\s lett]s replac$1 ) ! *anges surr\nd$ by 4 ,all in/ances are detail$ at ! end ( ! text4 ,x %\ld also be not$ t 9 ! orig9al text !re is a miss+ l9e at ! end ( page #bd 9 orig9al text4 ,!re are a numb] ( in/ances 9 ! orig9al text :]e 't' is imm$iately foll[$ by a second 't' 9 ! s5t5ce4 ,^! c\ld be pot5tial pr9t]'s errors or1 s9ce sev]al ( !m make s5se1 "p ( ! au?or's /yle4 ,!y h be5 left 9 ! text z !y appe> 9 ! orig9al text4 ,! orig9al text has _m sid5otes1 "s are true sid5otes1 introductions to p>agraphs etc1 "s act+ z footnotes ) "s m>k$ 9 orig9al text ) 994 ,^! h be5 dealt ) 9 ?ree ways ) ! footnotes plac$ aft] _! relevant p>agraph & sid5otes place be=e _! relevant p>agraph4 #a7 ,footnotes m>k$ ) capital lett]4 ,^! 7 sid5otes 9 orig9al text m>k$ ) 99 9 ! orig9al text & ?us act+ l footnotes4 #b7 ,footnotes m>k$ ) numb]4 ,^! 7 sid5otes 9 orig9al text t 7 unm>k$ b act+ l normal footnotes4 ,! an*or 9 ! text 0 plac$ at ! mo/ suitable relevant place 9 comp>ison ) ! placem5t ( ! sid5ote text 9 ! m>g91 b /ill %\ld be consid]$ only an approximate placem5t4 #c7 ,sid5otes plac$ at />t ( ! relevant p>agraph4 ,"s sid5otes 7 consid]$ n to be relevant z footnotes1 introductions to p>agraphs etc1 & 7 left z sid5otes be=e _! relevant p>agraph4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,disc\rse ,,pres5t$ ,,to ,,! ,,mo/ ,,s]5e ,don ,cosimo ,,ii4 ,,great ,,duke ,,( ,,tuscany1 ,,conc]n+ ,! ,,natation ( ,,bodies ,vpon1 ,& ,,subm]sion ,91 ,,! ,,wat]4 ,by ,,galileus ,,galilei3 ,philosoph] & ,ma!matician unto ,8 mo/ ,s]5e ,highnesse4 ,engli%$ f ! ,second ,edition ( ! ,,italian1 comp>$ ) ! ,manuscript ,copies1 & r$uc$ into ,,propositions3 ,by ,,?omas ,,salusbury1 ,esq2 ,,london3 ,pr9t$ by ,,william ,,leyb\rn3 ,m ,,dc ,,lxiii4 99 99 99 99 99 ,decoration ,a ,,discovrse ,pres5t$ to ! ,mo/ ,s]5e ,,don ,,cosimo ,,ii4 ,,great ,,duke ( ,,tuscany3 ,,conc]n+ ,! ,natation ( ,,bodies ,^u1 or ,subm]sion ,91 ! ,,wat]4 ,consid]+ 7,mo/ ,s]5e ,pr9ce7 t ! publi%+ ?is pres5t ,treatise1 ( s diff]5t an ,argum5t f t :i* _m expect1 & :i* accord+ to ! int5tions ,i propos$ 9 my ,a ,a/ronomicall ,adviso1 ,i %\ld be=e ?is "t h put =?1 might p]adv5ture make "s ?9ke1 ei!r t ,i _h :olly rel9qui%$ my f>!r imploym5t ab\t ! new ,cele/iall ,obs]vations1 or t1 at lea/1 ,i h&l$ !m v remissely2 ,i h judg$ fit to r5d] an acc\nt1 aswell ( my def]r+ t1 z ( my writ+1 & publi%+ ?is treatise4 ,a ,8 ,nuncio ,sid]io4 ,z to ! fir/1 ! la/ discov]ies ( ,saturn to be tricorporeall1 & ( ! mutations ( ,figure 9 ,v5us1 l to ^? t are se5 9 ! ,moon1 toge!r ) ! ,consequ5ts dep5d+ !reupon1 h n s mu* occasion$ ! demur1 z ! inve/igation ( ! times ( ! ,conv]sions ( ea* ( ! ,f\r ,m$icean ,planets ab\t ,jupit]1 :i* ,i light$ ^u 9 ,april ! ye> pa/1 #afaa1 at my be+ 9 ,rome2 :]e1 9 ! end1 ,i ass]ta9$ my selfe1 t ! fir/ & ne]e/ to ,jupit]1 mov$ ab\t #h gr4 #bi m4 ( its ,sph]e 9 an h\re1 make+ its :ole revolution 9 "o naturall day1 & #ah h\rs1 & almo/ an halfe4 ,! second moves 9 its ,orbe #ad gr4 #ac m94 or v ne]1 9 an h\r1 & its compleat conv]sion is consummate 9 #c dayes1 #ac h\rs1 & "o ?ird1 or !reab\ts4 ,! ?ird passe? 9 an h\r1 #b gr4 #f m94 little m or less ( its ,circle1 & measures x all 9 #g dayes1 #d h\rs1 or v ne]4 ,! f\r?1 & m remote ?an ! re/1 goes 9 "o h\re1 #j gr #ed m94 & almo/ an halfe ( its ,sph]e1 & f9i%e? x all 9 #af dayes1 & v ne] #ah h\rs4 ,b because ! excessive velocity ( _! returns or re/itutions1 requires a mo/ scrupul\s precis5esse to calculate _! places1 9 times pa/ & future1 especially if ! "t be = _m ,mone?s or ,ye>s2 ,i am !re=e =c$1 ) o!r ,obs]vations1 & m exact ?an ! =m]1 & 9 times m remote f "o ano!r1 to correct ! ,tables ( su* ,motions1 & limit !m ev5 to ! %orte/ mom5t3 = su* exactnesse my fir/ ,obs]vations suffice n2 n only 9 reg>d ( ! %ort int]vals ( ,"t1 b because ,i _h n z !n f\nd out a way to measure ! di/ances betwe5 ! said ,planets by any ,in/rum5t3 ,i ,obs]v$ su* ,int]vals ) simple relation to ! ,diamet] ( ! ,body ( ,jupit]2 tak51 z we h said1 by ! eye1 ! :i*1 ?\gh !y admit n errors ( above a ,m9ute1 yet !y suffice n = ! det]m9ation ( ! exact greatness ( ! ,sph]es ( ^? ,/>s4 ,b n[ t ,i h hit ^u a way ( tak+ su* measures )\t fail+1 sc>ce 9 a v few ,seconds1 ,i w cont9ue ! obs]vation to ! v occultation ( ,,jupit]1 :i* %all s]ve to br+ u to ! p]fect k ( ! ,motions1 & ,magnitudes ( ! ,orbes ( ! said ,planets1 toge!r also ) "s o!r consequ5ces !nce aris+4 ,i adde to ^! ?+s ! obs]vation ( "s obscure ,spots#a1 :i* are discov]$ 9 ! ,sol> ,body1 :i* *ang+1 position 9 t1 prop\nds to our consid]ation a great argum5t ei!r t ! ,sun revolves 9 x selfe1 or t p]haps o!r ,/>rs1 9 l mann] z ,v5us & ,m]cury1 revolve ab\t x1 invisible 9 o!r times1 by reason ( _! small digressions1 lesse ?an t ( ,m]cury1 & only visible :5 !y int]pose betwe5 ! ,sun & our eye1 or else h9t ! tru? ( bo? ?is & t2 ! c]ta9ty ( :i* ?+s ought n to be contemn$1 nor omitt$4 #a ,! ,au?ors ,obs]vations ( ! ,sol> ,spots ,cont9uall obs]vation ha? at la/ assur$ me t ^! ,spots are matt]s contigu\s to ! ,body ( ! ,sun1 !re cont9ually produc$ 9 great numb]1 & aft]w>ds dissolv$1 "s 9 a %ort]1 "s 9 a long] "t1 & to be by ! ,conv]sion or ,revolution ( ! ,sun 9 x selfe1 :i* 9 a ,lun> ,mone?1 or !reab\ts1 f9i%e? its ,p]iod1 c>i$ ab\t 9 a ,circle1 an accid5t great ( x selfe1 & great] = its ,consequ5ces4 ,z to ! o!r p>ticul> 9 ! next place ,b ,_m causes h mov$ me to write ! pres5t ,tract1 ! subject :]e(1 is ! ,dispute :i* ,i held "s dayes s9ce1 ) "s le>n$ m5 ( ?is ,city1 ab\t :i*1 z y\r ,highnesse kn[s1 h foll[$ _m ,disc\rses3 ,! pr9cipall ( :i* ,causes ha? be5 ! ,intimation ( y\r ,highnesse1 hav+ comm5d$ to me ,writ+1 z a s+ul> means to make true kn[n f false1 reall f app>5t ,reasons1 f>r bett] ?an by ,disput+ vocally1 :]e ! "o or ! o!r1 or v (t5 bo? ! ,disputants1 ?r\gh too greate heate1 or exalt+ ( ! voyce1 ei!r are n und]/ood1 or else be+ transport$ by o/5tation ( n yeild+ to "o ano!r1 f>r f ! fir/ ,proposition1 ) ! novelty1 ( ! v>i\s ,proposals1 conf\nd bo? !mselves & _! ,auditors4 ,b ,! occasion induc+ ! ,au?or to write ?is ,treatise4 ,moreov]1 x seem$ to me conv5i5t to in=me y\r ,highnesse ( all ! sequell1 conc]n+ ! ,controv]sie ( :i* ,i treat1 z x ha? be5 adv]tis$ (t5 already by o!rs3 & because ! ,doctr9e :i* ,i foll[1 9 ! discussion ( ! po9t 9 h&1 is diff]5t f t ( ,ari/otle2 & int]f]es ) 8 ,pr9ciples1 ,i h consid]$ t aga9/ ! ,au?ority ( t mo/ fam\s ,man1 :i* among/ _m makes all suspect$ t comes n f ! ,s*ooles ( ! ,p]ipateticks1 its f>r bett] to give ones ,reasons by ! ,p5 ?an by ^w ( m\?1 & !r=e ,i resolv$ to write ! pres5t disc\rse3 9 :i* yet ,i hope to demon/rate t x 0 n out ( capriti\snesse1 or = t ,i _h n read or und]/ood ,ari/otle1 t ,i sometimes sw]ve f 8 op9ion1 b because sev]all ,reasons p]swade me to x1 & ! same ,ari/otle ha? t\ght me to fix my judgm5t on t :i* is gr\nd$ ^u ,reason1 & n on ! b>e ,au?ority ( ! ,ma/]#b2 & x is mo/ c]ta9e accord+ to ! s5t5ce ( ,alc9oos1 t philosophat+ %\ld be free4 ,nor is ! resolution ( our ,"q 9 my judgm5t )\t "s b5efit to ! ,univ]sall#c1 =asmu* z treat+ :e!r ! figure ( ,solids op]ates1 or n1 9 _! go+1 or n go+ to ! bottome 9 ,wat]1 9 occurr5ces ( build+ ,bridges or o!r ,fabricks on ! ,wat]1 :i* happ5 commonly 9 affairs ( gr& import1 x may be ( great availe to "k ! tru?4 #b ,ari/otle pref]s ,reason to ! ,au?ority (an ,au?or4 #c ,! b5efit ( ?is ,argum5t4 ,i say !r=e1 t be+ ! la/ ,summ] 9 company ) c]ta9 ,le>n$ m51 x 0 said 9 ! argum5tation2 ,t ,cond5sation 0 ! propriety ( ,cold#d1 & !re 0 all$g$ = in/ance1 ! example ( ,ice3 n[ ,i at t "t said1 t1 9 my judgm5t1 ! ,ice %\ld be r ,wat] r>ifi$ ?an cond5s$#e1 & my reason 01 because ,cond5sation begets dim9ution ( ,mass1 & augm5tation ( gravity1 & ,r>ifaction cause? great] ,lightness1 & augm5t>ion ( ,masse3 & ,wat] 9 freez+1 encrease? 9 ,masse1 & ! ,ice made !reby is light] ?an ! ,wat] on :i* x swimme?4 #d ,cond5sation ! ,propriety ( ,cold1 accord+ to ! ,p]ipateticks4 #e ,ice r wat] r>ifi$1 ?an cond5s$1 & :y3 ,:at ,i say1 is manife/1 because1 ! m$ium subtract+ f ! :ole ,gravity ( ,sollids ! weight ( su* ano!r ,masse ( ! said ,m$ium2 z ,ar*im$es proves 9 8 ,c ,fir/ ,booke ,de ,insid5tibus ,humido2 :5 ev] ! ,masse ( ! said ,solid encrease? by ,di/raction1 ! m %all ! ,m$ium detract f its entire ,gravity2 & lesse1 :5 by ,compression x %all be cond5s$ & r$uc$ to a lesse ,masse4 ,c ,9 lib3 #a4 ( ,natation ( ,bodies ,prop4 #g4 ,sid5ote3 ,figure op]ates n 9 ! ,natation ( ,sollids4 ,x 0 answ]$ me1 ?at t proce$$ n f ! great] ,levity1 b f ! ,figure1 l>ge & flat1 :i* n be+ able to p5etrate ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,wat]1 is ! cause t x subm]ge? n4 ,i repli$1 t any piece ( ,ice1 ( :atsoev] ,figure1 swims ^u ! ,wat]1 a manife/ signe1 t its be+ nev] s flat & broad1 ha? n any "p 9 its float+3 & add$1 t x 0 a manife/ pro(e h]e( to see a piece ( ,ice ( v broad ,figure be+ ?ru/ to ! botome ( ! ,wat]1 sudd5ly return to flote atoppe1 :i* _h x be5 m grave1 & _h its swimm+ proce$$ f its ,=me1 unable to p5etrate ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,m$ium1 t w\ld be altoge!r impossible2 ,i conclud$ !re=e1 t ! ,figure 0 9 sort a ,cause ( ! ,natation or ,subm]sion ( ,bodies1 b ! great] or lesse ,gravity 9 respect ( ! ,wat]3 & !re=e all ,bodyes heavi] ?an x ( :at ,figure soev] !y be1 indiff]5tly g to ! bottome1 & ! light]1 ?\gh ( any figure1 float indiff]5tly on ! top3 & ,i suppose t ^? :i* hold o!rwise1 7 induc$ to t beliefe1 by see+ h[ t div]sity ( ,=mes or ,figures1 greatly alt]e? ! ,velosity1 & ,t>dity ( ,motion2 s t ,bodies ( ,figure broad & ?91 desc5d f> m leasurely into ! ,wat]1 ?an ^? ( a m compact$ ,figure1 ?\gh bo? made ( ! same ,matt]3 by :i* "s might be induc$ to believe t ! ,dilatation ( ! ,figure might r$uce x to su* ampl5esse t x %\ld n only ret>d b :olly imp$e & take away ! ,motion1 :i* ,i hold to be false4 ,^u ?is ,conclusion1 9 _m dayes disc\rse1 0 spok5 mu*1 & _m ?+s1 & div]s ,exp]im5ts produc$1 ( :i* y\r ,highnesse he>d1 & saw "s1 & 9 ?is disc\rse %all h all t :i* ha? be5 produc$ aga9/ my ,ass]tion1 & :at ha? be5 sugge/$ to my ?\ghts on ?is matt]1 & = confirmation ( my ,conclusion3 :i* if x %all suffice to remove t 7z ,i e/eem hi!rto false7 ,op9ion1 ,i %all ?9ke ,i h n unpr(itably sp5t my paynes & "t4 & al?\gh t come n to passe1 yet ought ,i to promise ano!r b5efit to my selfe1 namely1 ( atta9+ ! k ( ! tru?1 by he>+ my ,fallacyes confut$1 & true demon/rations produc$ by ^? ( ! contr>y op9ion4 ,& to proce$ ) ! greate/ pla9ness & p]spicuity t ,i c possible1 x is1 ,i conceive1 necess>y1 fir/ ( all to decl>e :at is ! true1 intr9secall1 & totall ,cause1 ( ! asc5d+ ( "s ,sollid ,bodyes 9 ! ,wat]1 & !re9 float+2 or on ! contr>y1 ( _! s9k+ & s mu* ! r 9 asmu* z ,i _c satisfie myselfe 9 t :i* ,ari/otle ha? left writt5 on ?is ,subject4 ,sid5ote3 ,! cause ( ! ,natation subm]sion ( ,solids 9 ! ,wat]4 ,i say !n ! ,cause :y "s ,sollid ,bodyes desc5d to ! ,bottom ( ,wat]1 is ! excesse ( _! ,gravity1 above ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]2 & on ! contr>y1 ! excess ( ! ,wat]s ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( ^?1 is ! ,cause t o!rs d n desc5d1 r t !y rise f ! ,bottom1 & asc5d to ! ,surface4 ,?is 0 subtilly demon/rat$ by ,ar*im$es 9 8 ,book ,( ! ,,natation ( ,,bodies3 ,conf]r$ aft]w>ds by a v grave ,au?or1 b1 if ,i erre n invisibly1 z bel[ = def5ce ( him1 ,i %all endeav\r to prove4 ,i1 ) a diff]5t ,me?od1 & by o!r meanes1 w endeav\r to demon/rate ! same1 r$uc+ ! ,causes ( su* ,effects to m intr9secall & imm$iate ,pr9ciples1 9 :i* also are discov]$ ! ,causes ( "s admirable & almo/ incr$ible ,accid5ts1 z t w\ld be1 t a v little quantity ( ,wat]1 %\ld be able1 ) its small weight1 to raise & su/a9 a ,solid ,body1 an hundr$ or a ?\s& times heavi] ?an x4 ,& because demon/rative ,ord] s requires1 ,i %all def9e c]ta9 ,t]mes1 & aft]w>ds expla9 "s ,propositions1 ( :i*1 z ( ?+s true & obvi\s1 ,i may make use ( to my pres5t purpose4 ,,def9ition ,i4 ,i !n call equally ,grave 9 specie1 ^? ,matt]s ( :i* equall ,masses weigh equally4 ,z if = example1 two ,balls1 "o ( ,wax1 & ! o!r ( "s ,wood ( equall ,masse1 7 also equall 9 ,weight1 we say1 t su* ,wood1 & ! ,wax are 9 specie equally grave4 ,,def9ition ,,ii4 ,b equally grave 9 ,absolute ,gravity1 we call two ,sollids1 weigh+ equally1 ?\gh ( ,mass !y be unequall4 ,z = example1 a ,mass ( ,lead1 & ano!r ( ,wood1 t weigh ea* t5 p\nds1 ,i call equall 9 ,absolute ,gravity1 ?\gh ! ,mass ( ! ,wood be mu* great] !n t ( ! ,lead4 ,&1 consequ5tly1 less ,grave 9 specie4 ,,def9ition ,,iii4 ,i call a ,matt] m ,grave 9 specie ?an ano!r1 ( :i* a ,mass1 equall to a ,mass ( ! o!r1 %all weigh m4 ,& s ,i say1 t ,lead is m grave 9 specie ?an ,t9n1 because if y take ( !m two equall ,masses1 t ( ! ,lead weighe? m4 ,,def9ition ,,iv4 ,b ,i call t ,body m grave absolutely ?an ?is1 if t weigh m ?an ?is1 )\t any respect _h to ! ,masses4 ,& ?us a great piece ( ,wood is said to weigh m ?an a little lump ( ,lead1 ?\gh ! ,lead be 9 specie m heavy ?an ! ,wood4 ,& ! same is to be und]/ood ( ! less grave 9 specie1 & ! less grave absolutely4 ,^! ,t]mes def9$1 ,i take f ! ,me*anicks two ,pr9ciples3 ! fir/ is1 t ,,axiome4 ,i4 ,weights absolutely equall1 mov$ ) equall ,velocity1 are ( equall ,=ce & ,mom5t 9 _! op]ations4 ,,def9ition ,v4 ,mom5t1 among/ ,me*anicians1 signifie? t ,v]tue1 t ,=ce1 or t ,efficacy1 ) :i* ! ,mov] moves1 & ! ,moveable resi/s4 ,:i* ,v]tue dep5des n only on ! simple ,gravity1 b on ! ,velocity ( ! ,motion1 & on ! div]se ,incl9ations ( ! ,spaces along :i* ! ,motion is made3 ,= a desc5d+ ,weight makes a great] ,impetus 9 a ,space mu* decl9+1 ?an 9 "o less decl9+2 & 9 summe1 :at ev] is ! occasion ( su* ,v]tue1 x ev] reta9es ! "n ( ,mom5t2 nor 9 my ,judgem5t1 is ?is s5ce new 9 our ,idiome1 =1 if ,i mi/ake n1 ,i ?9k we (t5 say2 ,?is is a weighty bus9esse1 b ! o!r is ( small mom5t3 & we consid] light] matt]s & let pass ^? ( ,mom5t2 a ,metaphor1 ,i suppose1 tak5 f ! ,me*anicks4 ,z = example1 two weights equall 9 absolute ,gravity1 be+ put into a ,ballance ( equall ,arms1 !y /& 9 ,equilibrium1 nei!r "o go+ d[n1 nor ! o!r up3 because ! equality ( ! ,di/ances ( bo?1 f ! ,c5tre on :i* ! ,ballance is support$1 & ab\t :i* x moves1 cause? t ^? weights1 ! said ,ballance mov+1 %all 9 ! same ,"t move equall ,spaces1 t is1 %all move ) equall ,velocity1 s t !re is no reason = :i* ?is ,weight %\ld desc5d m ?an t1 or t m ?an ?is2 & !re=e !y make an ,equilibrium1 & _! ,mom5ts cont9ue ( semblable & equall ,v]tue4 ,! second ,pr9ciple is2 ,t ,,axiome ,,ii4 ,! ,mom5t & ,=ce ( ! ,gravity1 is encreas$ by ! ,velocity ( ! ,motion4 ,s t ,weights absolutely equall1 b conjoyn$ ) ,velocity unequall1 are ( ,=ce1 ,mom5t & ,v]tue unequall3 & ! m pot5t1 ! m swift1 accord+ to ! proportion ( ! ,velocity ( ! "o1 to ! ,velocity ( ! o!r4 ,( ?is we h a v p]t95t example 9 ! ,balance or ,/ili>d ( unequall ,arms1 at :i* ,weights absolutely equall be+ susp5d$1 !y d n weigh d[n1 & gravitate equally1 b t :i* is at a great] di/ance f ! ,c5tre1 ab\t :i* ! ,beam moves1 desc5ds1 rais+ ! o!r1 & ! ,motion ( ?is :i* asc5ds is sl[1 & ! o!r swift3 & su* is ! ,=ce & ,v]tue1 :i* f ! ,velocity ( ! ,mov]1 is conf]r$ on ! ,moveable1 :i* receives x1 t x c exquisitely comp5sate1 z mu* m ,weight add$ to ! o!r sl[] ,moveable3 s t if ( ! ,arms ( ! ,balance1 "o 7 t5 times z long z ! o!r1 :]eupon 9 ! ,beames mov+ ab\t ! ,c5tre1 ! end ( t w\ld g t5 times z f> z ! end ( ?is1 a ,weight susp5d$ at ! great] di/ance1 may su/a9 & poyse ano!r t5 times m grave absolutely ?an x3 & t because ! ,/ili>d mov+1 ! less] ,weight %all move t5 times fa/] ?an ! bigg]4 ,x ought alwayes !re=e to be und]/ood1 t ,motions are accord+ to ! same ,incl9ations1 namely1 t if "o ( ! ,moveables move p]p5dicul>ly to ! ,horizon1 !n ! o!r makes its ,motion by ! l ,p]p5dicul>2 & if ! ,motion ( "o 7 to be made ,horizontally2 t !n ! o!r is made along ! same ,horizontall pla93 & 9 summe1 alwayes bo? 9 l ,incl9ations4 ,?is proportion betwe5 ! ,gravity & ,velocity is f\nd 9 all ,me*anicall ,in/rum5ts3 & is consid]$ by ,ari/otle1 z a ,pr9ciple 9 8 ,me*anicall ,que/ions2 :]eupon we also may take x = a true ,assumption1 ,t ,,axiome ,,iii4 ,weights absolutely unequall1 d alt]nately c\nt]poyse & become ( equall ,mom5ts1 z (t z _! ,gravities1 ) contr>y proportion1 answ] to ! ,velocity ( _! ,motions4 ,t is to say1 t by h[ mu* ! "o is less grave ?an ! o!r1 by s mu* is x 9 a con/itution ( mov+ m swiftly ?an t4 ,hav+ prefatically explicat$ ^! ?+s1 we may beg9 to enquire1 :at ,bodyes ^? are :i* totally subm]ge 9 ,wat]1 & g to ! ,bottom1 & :i* ^? t by con/ra9t float on ! top1 s t be+ ?ru/ by viol5ce "u ,wat]1 !y return to swim1 ) "o "p ( _! ,mass visible above ! ,surface ( ! ,wat]3 & ?is we w d by consid]+ ! respective op]ation ( ! said ,solids1 & ( ,wat]3 ,:i* op]ation foll[es ! ,subm]sion & s9k+2 & ?is x is#f1 ,t 9 ! ,subm]sion t ! ,solid make?1 be+ depress$ d[nw>ds by its prop] ,gravity1 x comes to drive away ! wat] f ! place :]e x successively sub5t]s1 & ! wat] repuls$ rise? & asc5ds above its fir/ levell1 to :i* ,asc5t on ! o!r side x1 z be+ a grave ,body ( its own nature1 resi/s3 ,& because ! desc5d+ ,solid m & m imm]g+1 great] & great] quantity ( ,wat] asc5ds1 till ! :ole ,sollid be subm]g$2 its necess>y to comp>e ! ,mom5ts ( ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat] to ,asc5sion1 ) ! ,mom5ts ( ! pressive ,gravity ( ! ,solid3 ,& if ! ,mom5ts ( ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat]1 %all equalize ! ,mom5ts ( ! ,solid1 be=e its totall ,imm]sion#g2 9 ?is case d\btless !re %all be made an ,equilibrium1 nor %all ! ,body s9k any f>!r4 ,b if ! ,mom5t ( ! ,solid1 %all alwayes exce$ ! ,mom5ts :]e) ! repuls$ wat] successively makes ,resi/ance#h1 t ,solid %all n only :olly subm]ge "u wat]1 b %all desc5d to ! ,bottom4 ,b if1 la/ly1 9 ! in/ant ( totall ,subm]sion1 ! equality %all be made betwe5 ! ,mom5ts ( ! prem5t ,solid1 & ! resi/+ ,wat]#i2 !n %all re/1 ensue1 & ! said ,solid %all be able to re/ indiff]5tly1 9 :atsoev] "p ( ! wat]4 ,by ?is "t is manife/ ! necessity ( comp>+ ! ,gravity ( ! wat]1 & ( ! ,solid#aj2 & ?is comp>ison might at fir/ sight seem suffici5t to conclude & det]m9e :i* are ! ,solids t float a-top1 & :i* ^? t s9k to ! ,bottom 9 ! wat]1 ass]t+ t ^? %all float :i* are lesse grave 9 specie ?an ! wat]1 & ^? subm]ge1 :i* are 9 specie m grave4 ,= x seems 9 appe>ance1 t ! ,sollid 9 s9k+ cont9ually1 raise? s mu* ,wat] 9 ,mass1 z answ]s to ! p>ts ( its own ,bulk subm]g$3 :]eupon x is impossible1 t a ,solid less grave 9 specie1 ?an wat]1 %\ld :olly s9k1 z be+ unable to raise a weight great] ?an its own1 & su* w\ld a ,mass ( wat] equall to its own ,mass be4 ,& likewise x seems necess>y1 t ! grav] ,solids d g to ! ,bottom1 z be+ ( a ,=ce m ?an suffici5t = ! rais+ a ,masse ( wat]1 equall to its own1 ?\gh inf]i\r 9 weight4 ,nev]!less ! bus9ess succe$s o!rwise3 & ?\gh ! ,conclusions are true1 yet are ! ,causes ?us assign$ defici5t1 nor is x true1 t ! ,solid 9 subm]g+1 raise? & repulse? ,masses ( ,wat]1 equall to ! p>ts ( x self subm]g$2 b ! ,wat] repuls$1 is alwayes less ?an ! p>ts ( ! ,solid subm]g$#aa3 & s mu* ! m by h[ mu* ! ,vessell 9 :i* ! ,wat] is conta9$ is n>r[]3 9 su* mann] t x h9d]s n1 b t a ,solid may subm]ge all "u ,wat]1 )\t rais+ s mu* ,wat] 9 ,mass1 z w\ld equall ! t5? or tw5tie? "p ( its own ,bulk3 l z on ! contr>y1 a v small quantity ( ,wat]1 may raise a v great ,solid ,mass#ab1 ?\gh su* ,solid %\ld weigh absolutely a hundr$ times z mu*1 or m1 ?an ! said ,wat]1 if s be t ! ,matt] ( t same ,solid be 9 specie less grave ?an ! ,wat]4 ,& ?us a great ,beam1 z suppose ( a #ajjj weight1 may be rais$ & born afloat by ,wat]1 :i* weighs n #ej3 & ?is happ5s :5 ! ,mom5t ( ! ,wat] is comp5sat$ by ! ,velocity ( its ,motion4 #f ,h[ ! subm]sion ( ,solids 9 ! ,wat]1 is effect$4 #g ,:at ,solids %all float on ! ,wat]4 #h ,:at ,solids %all s9ke to ! botome4 #i ,:at ,solids %all re/ 9 all places ( ! ,wat]4 #aj ,! ,gravitie ( ! ,wat] & ,solid mu/ be comp>$ 9 all ,problems1 ( ,natation ( ,bodies4 #aa ,! wat] repell$ is ev] less ?an ! p>ts ( ! ,sollid subm]g$4 #ab ,a small quantity ( wat]1 may float a v great ,solid ,mass4 ,b because su* ?+s1 prop\nd$ ?us 9 ab/ract1 are some:at difficult to be compreh5d$1 x w\ld be good to demon/rate !m by p>ticul> examples2 & = facility ( demon/ration1 we w suppose ! ,vessels 9 :i* we are to put ! ,wat]1 & place ! ,solids1 to be inviron'd & includ$ ) sides erect$ p]p5dicul> to ! ,plane ( ! ,horizon1 & ! ,solid t is to be put into su* vessell to be ei!r a /reight ,cyl9d]1 or else an upright ,prisme4 ,! :i* propos$ & decl>$1 ,i proce$ to demon/rate ! tru? ( :at ha? be5 h9t$1 =m+ ! ensu+ ,!oreme4 ,,!oreme ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,proportion ( ! wat] rais$ to ! ,solid subm]g$4 ,! ,mass ( ! ,wat] :i* asc5ds 9 ! subm]g+ ( a ,solid1 ,prisme or ,cyl9d]1 or t abase? 9 tak+ x out1 is less ?an ! ,mass ( ! said ,solid1 s depress$ or advanc$3 & ha? to x ! same proportion1 t ! ,surface ( ! ,wat] circumfus+ ! ,solid1 ha? to ! same circumfus$ ,surface1 toge!r ) ! ,base ( ! ,solid4 ,let ! ,vessell be ,a ,b ,c ,d1 & 9 x ! ,wat] rais$ up to ! ,levell ,e ,f ,g1 be=e ! ,solid ,prisme ,h ,i ,k be !re9 imm]g$2 b aft] t x is depress$ "u ,wat]1 let ! ,wat] be rais$ z high z ! ,levell ,l ,m1 ! ,solid ,h ,i ,k %all !n be all "u ,wat]1 & ! ,mass ( ! elevat$ ,wat] %all be ,l ,g1 :i* is less ?an ! ,masse ( ! ,solid depress$1 namely ( ,h ,i ,k1 be+ equall to ! only "p ,e ,i ,k1 :i* is conta9$ "u ! fir/ ,levell ,e ,f ,g4 ,:i* is manife/1 because if ! ,solid ,h ,i ,k be tak5 out1 ! ,wat] ,i ,g %all return into ! place occupi$ by ! ,mass ,e ,i ,k1 :]e x 0 cont9uate be=e ! subm]sion ( ! ,prisme4 ,& ! ,mass ,l ,g be+ equall to ! ,mass ,e ,k3 adde !reto ! ,mass ,e ,n1 & x %all be ! :ole ,mass ,e ,m1 compos$ ( ! p>ts ( ! ,prisme ,e ,n1 & ( ! ,wat] ,n ,f1 equall to ! :ole ,solid ,h ,i ,k3 ,&1 !re=e1 ! ,mass ,l ,g %all h ! same proportion to ,e ,m1 z to ! ,mass ,h ,i ,k3 ,b ! ,mass ,l ,g ha? ! same proportion to ! ,mass ,e ,m1 z ! ,surface ,l ,m ha? to ! ,surface ,m ,h3 ,!re=e x is manife/1 t ! ,mass ( ,wat] repuls$ ,l ,g1 is 9 proportion to ! ,mass ( ! ,solid subm]g$ ,h ,i ,k2 z ! ,surface ,l ,m1 namely1 t ( ! ,wat] ambi5t ab\t ! ,sollid1 to ! :ole ,surface ,h ,m1 comp\nd$ ( ! said ambi5t wat]1 & ! ,base ( ! ,prisme ,h ,n4 ,b if we suppose ! fir/ ,levell ( ! ,wat] ! accord+ to ! ,surface ,h ,m1 & ! ,prisme allready subm]g$ ,h ,i ,k2 & aft] to be tak5 out & rais$ to ,e ,a ,o1 & ! ,wat] to be faln f ! fir/ ,levell ,h ,l ,m z l[ z ,e ,f ,g2 ,x is manife/1 t ! ,prisme ,e ,a ,o be+ ! same ) ,h ,i ,k1 its sup]i\r "p ,h ,o1 %all be equall to ! inf]i\r ,e ,i ,k3 & remove ! common "p ,e ,n1 &1 consequ5tly1 ! ,mass ( ! ,wat] ,l ,g is equall to ! ,mass ,h ,o2 &1 !re=e1 less ?an ! ,solid1 :i* is )\t ! ,wat]1 namely1 ! :ole ,prisme ,e ,a ,o1 to :i* likewise1 ! said ,mass ( ,wat] abat$ ,l ,g1 ha? ! same proportion1 t ! ,surface ( ! ,wat]s circumfus$ ,l ,m ha? to ! same circumfus$ ,surface1 toge!r ) ! ,base ( ! ,prisme ,a ,o3 :i* ha? ! same demon/ration ) ! =m] case above4 ,illu/ration ,& f h5ce is inf]r$1 t ! ,mass ( ! ,wat]1 t rise? 9 ! imm]sion ( ! ,solid1 or t ebbe? 9 elevat+ x1 is n equall to all ! ,mass ( ! ,solid1 :i* is subm]g$ or elevat$1 b to t "p only1 :i* 9 ! imm]sion is "u ! fir/ ,levell ( ! ,wat]1 & 9 ! elevation rema9es above ! fir/ ,levell3 ,:i* is t :i* 0 to be demon/rat$4 ,we w n[ pursue ! ?+s t rema94 ,& fir/ we w demon/rate t1 ,,!oreme ,,ii4 ,sid5ote3 ,! proportion ( ! wat] abat$1 to ! ,solid rais$4 ,:5 9 "o ( ! above said ,vessels1 ( :at ev] bread?1 :e!r wide or n>r[1 !re is plac$ su* a ,prisme or ,cyl9d]1 inviron'd ) ,wat]1 if we elevate t ,solid p]p5dicul>ly1 ! ,wat] circumfus$ %all abate1 & ! ,abatem5t ( ! ,wat]1 %all h ! same proportion to ! ,elevation ( ! ,prisme1 z "o ( ! ,bases ( ! ,prisme1 ha? to ! ,surface ( ! ,wat] ,circumfus$4 ,illu/ration ,imag9e 9 ! ,vessell1 z is a=esaid1 ! ,prisme ,a ,c ,d ,b to be plac$1 & 9 ! re/ ( ! ,space ! ,wat] to be diffus$ z f> z ! ,levell ,e ,a3 & rais+ ! ,solid1 let x be transf]r$ to ,g ,m1 & let ! ,wat] be abas$ f ,e ,a to ,n ,o3 ,i say1 t ! desc5t ( ! ,wat]1 measur$ by ! ,l9e ,a ,o1 ha? ! same proportion to ! rise ( ! ,prisme1 measur$ by ! ,l9e ,g ,a1 z ! ,base ( ! ,solid ,g ,h ha? to ! ,surface ( ! ,wat] ,n ,o4 ,! :i* is manife/3 because ! ,mass ( ! ,solid ,g ,a ,b ,h1 rais$ above ! fir/ ,levell ,e ,a ,b1 is equall to ! ,mass ( ,wat] t is abas$ ,e ,n ,o ,a4 ,!re=e1 ,e ,n ,o ,a & ,g ,a ,b ,h are two equall ,prismes2 = ( equall ,prismes1 ! ,bases answ] contr>ily to _! heights3 ,!re=e1 z ! ,altitude ,a ,o is to ! ,altitude ,a ,g1 s is ! ,sup]ficies or ,base ,g ,h to ! ,surface ( ! ,wat] ,n ,o4 ,if !re=e1 = example1 a ,pill> 7 erect$ 9 a wa/e ,pond full ( ,wat]1 or else 9 a ,well1 capable ( little m !n ! ,mass ( ! said ,pill>1 9 elevat+ ! said ,pill>1 & tak+ x out ( ! ,wat]1 accord+ z x rise?1 ! ,wat] t invirons x w gradually abate1 & ! abasem5t ( ! ,wat] at ! in/ant ( lift+ out ! ,pill>1 %all h ! same proportion1 t ! ?ickness ( ! ,pill> ha? to ! excess ( ! bread? ( ! said ,pond or ,well1 above ! ?ickness ( ! said ,pill>3 s t if ! bread? ( ! ,well 7 an eigh? "p l>g] ?an ! ?ickness ( ! ,pill>1 & ! bread? ( ! ,pond tw5ty five times z great z ! said ?ickness1 9 ! ,pill>s asc5d+ "o foot1 ! wat] 9 ! ,well %all desc5d sev5 foot1 & t 9 ! ,pond only #a_/be ( a foot4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y a ,solid less grave 9 specie ?an wat]1 /aye? n "u wat]1 9 v small dep?s3 ,?is ,demon/rat$1 x w n be difficult to %[ ! true cause1 h[ x comes to pass1 t1 ,,!oreme ,,iii4 ,a ,prisme or regul> ,cyl9d]1 ( a sub/ance specifically less grave ?an ,wat]1 if x %\ld be totally subm]g$ 9 ,wat]1 /ayes n und]nea?1 b rise?1 ?\gh ! ,wat] circumfus$ be v little1 & 9 absolute ,gravity1 nev] s mu* inf]i\r to ! ,gravity ( ! said ,prisme4 ,let !n ! ,prisme ,a ,e ,f ,b1 be put into ! ,vessell ,c ,d ,f ,b1 ! same be+ less grave 9 specie ?an ! ,wat]3 & let ! ,wat] infus$ rise to ! height ( ! ,prisme3 ,i say1 t ! ,prisme left at lib]ty1 x %all rise1 be+ born up by ! ,wat] circumfus$ ,c ,d ,e ,a4 ,= ! ,wat] ,c ,e be+ specifically m grave ?an ! ,solid ,a ,f1 ! absolute weight ( ! wat] ,c ,e1 %all h great] proportion to ! absolute weight ( ! ,prisme ,a ,f1 ?an ! ,mass ,c ,e ha? to ! ,mass ,a ,f 79 reg>d ! ,mass ha? ! same proportion to ! ,mass1 t ! weight absolute ha? to ! weight absolute1 9 case ! ,masses are ( ! same ,gravity 9 specie47 ,b ! ,mass ,c ,e is to ! ,mass ,a ,f1 z ! ,surface ( ! wat] ,a ,c1 is to ! ,sup]ficies1 or ,base ( ! ,prisme ,a ,b2 :i* is ! same proportion z ! asc5t ( ! ,prisme :5 x rise?1 ha? to ! desc5t ( ! ,wat] circumfus$ ,c ,e4 ,illu/ration ,!re=e1 ! absolute ,gravity ( ! wat] ,c ,e1 ha? great] proportion to ! absolute ,gravity ( ! ,prisme ,a ,f2 ?an ! ,asc5t ( ! ,prisme ,a ,f1 ha? to ! desc5t ( ! said wat] ,c ,e4 ,! ,mom5t1 !re=e1 comp\nd$ ( ! absolute ,gravity ( ! wat] ,c ,e1 & ( ! ,velocity ( its desc5t1 :il/ x =ceably repulse? & raise? ! ,solid ,a ,f1 is great] ?an ! ,mom5t comp\nd$ ( ! absolute ,gravity ( ! ,prisme ,a ,f1 & ( ! ,t>dity ( its asc5t1 ) :i* ,mom5t x contra/s & resi/s ! repulse & viol5ce done x by ! ,mom5t ( ! wat]3 ,!re=e1 ! ,prisme %all be rais$4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,proportion accord+ to :i* ! ,subm]sion ,natation ( ,solids is made4 ,x foll[es1 n[1 t we proce$ =w>d to demon/rate m p>ticul>ly1 h[ mu* su* ,solids %all be inf]i\r 9 ,gravity to ! wat] elevat$2 namely1 :at "p ( !m %all re/ subm]g$1 & :at %all be visible above ! ,surface ( ! wat]3 b fir/ x is necess>y to demon/rate ! subsequ5t ,lemma4 ,,lemma ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,! absolute ,gravity ( ,solids1 are 9 a proportion comp\nd$ ( _! ,specifick ,gravities1 & ( _! ,masses4 ,! absolute ,gravities ( ,solids1 h a proportion comp\nd$ ( ! proportions ( _! specificall ,gravities1 & ( _! ,masses4 ,illu/ration ,let ,a & ,b be two ,solids4 ,i say1 t ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ,a1 ha? to ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ,b1 a proportion comp\nd$ ( ! proportions ( ! specificall ,gravity ( ,a1 to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,b1 & ( ! ,mass ,a to ! ,mass ,b4 ,let ! ,l9e ,d h ! same proportion to ,e1 t ! specifick ,gravity ( ,a1 ha? to ! specifick ,gravity ( ,b2 & let ,e be to ,f1 z ! ,mass ,a to ! ,mass ,b3 ,x is manife/1 t ! proportion ( ,d to ,f1 is comp\nd$ ( ! proportions ,d & ,e2 & ,e & ,f4 ,x is requisite1 !re=e1 to demon/rate1 t z ,d is to ,f1 s ! absolute ,gravity ( ,a1 is to ! absolute ,gravity ( ,b4 ,take ! ,solid ,c1 equall 9 ,mass to ! ,solid ,a1 & ( ! same ,gravity 9 specie ) ! ,solid ,b4 ,because1 !re=e1 ,a & ,c are equall 9 ,mass1 ! absolute ,gravity ( ,a1 %all h to ! absolute ,gravity ( ,c1 ! same proportion1 z ! specificall ,gravity ( ,a1 ha? to ! specificall ,gravity ( ,c1 or ( ,b1 :i* is ! same 9 specie2 t is1 z ,d is to ,e4 ,&1 because1 ,c & ,b are ( ! same ,gravity 9 specie1 x %all be1 t z ! absolute weight ( ,c1 is to ! absolute weight ( ,b1 s ! ,mass ,c1 or ! ,mass ,a1 is to ! ,mass ,b2 t is1 z ! ,l9e ,e to ! ,l9e ,f4 ,z !re=e1 ! absolute ,gravity ( ,a1 is to ! absolute ,gravity ( ,c1 s is ! ,l9e ,d to ! ,l9e ,e3 &1 z ! absolute ,gravity ( ,c1 is to ! absolute ,gravity ( ,b1 s is ! ,l9e ,e to ! ,l9e ,f3 ,!re=e1 by ,equality ( proportion1 ! absolute ,gravity ( ,a1 is to ! absolute ,gravity ( ,b1 z ! ,l9e ,d to ! ,l9e ,f3 :i* 0 to be demon/rat$4 ,i proce$ n[ to demon/rate1 h[ t1 ,,!oreme ,,iv4 ,sid5ote3 ,! proportion ( wat] requisite to make a ,solid swim3 ,if a ,solid1 ,cyl9d]1 or ,prisme1 lesse grave specifically ?an ! ,wat]1 be+ put into a ,vessel1 z above1 ( :atsoev] greatnesse1 & ! ,wat]1 be aft]w>ds infus$1 ! ,solid %all re/ 9 ! bottom1 unrais$1 till ! ,wat] arrive to t "p ( ! ,altitude1 ( ! said ,prisme1 to :i* its :ole ,altitude ha? ! same proportion1 t ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 ha? to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! said ,solid3 b infus+ m ,wat]1 ! ,solid %all asc5d4 ,illu/ration ,let ! ,vessell be ,m ,l ,g ,n ( any bigness1 & let !re be plac$ 9 x ! ,solid ,prisme ,d ,f ,g ,e1 less grave 9 specie ?an ! wat]2 & look :at proportion ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! wat]1 ha? to t ( ! ,prisme1 su* let ! ,altitude ,d ,f1 h to ! ,altitude ,f ,b4 ,i say1 t infus+ wat] to ! ,altitude ,f ,b1 ! ,solid ,d ,g %all n float1 b %all /& 9 ,equilibrium1 s1 t t e little quantity ( wat]1 t is infus$1 %all raise x4 ,let ! wat]1 !re=e1 be infus$ to ! ,levell ,a ,b ,c2 &2 because ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,d ,g1 is to ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! wat]1 z ! altitude ,b ,f is to ! altitude ,f ,d2 t is1 z ! ,mass ,b ,g to ! ,mass ,g ,d2 z ! proportion ( ! ,mass ,b ,g is to ! ,mass ,g ,d1 z ! proportion ( ! ,mass ,g ,d is to ! ,mass ,a ,f1 !y compose ! ,proportion ( ! ,mass ,b ,g to ! ,mass ,a ,f4 ,!re=e1 ! ,mass ,b ,g is to ! ,mass ,a ,f1 9 a proportion comp\nd$ ( ! proportions ( ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,g ,d1 to ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! wat]1 & ( ! ,mass ,g ,d to ! ,mass ,a ,f3 ,b ! same proportions ( ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ,g ,d1 to ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! wat]1 & ( ! ,mass ,g ,d to ! ,mass ,a ,f1 d also by ! prec$5t ,lemma1 comp\nd ! proportion ( ! absolute ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,d ,g1 to ! absolute ,gravity ( ! ,mass ( ! wat] ,a ,f3 ,!re=e1 z ! ,mass ,b ,g is to ! ,mass ,a ,f1 s is ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,d ,g1 to ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ! ,mass ( ! wat] ,a ,f4 ,b z ! ,mass ,b ,g is to ! ,mass ,a ,f2 s is ! ,base ( ! ,prisme ,d ,e1 to ! ,surface ( ! wat] ,a ,b2 & s is ! desc5t ( ! wat] ,a ,b1 to ! ,elevation ( ! ,prisme ,d ,g2 ,!re=e1 ! desc5t ( ! wat] is to ! elevation ( ! ,prisme1 z ! absolute ,gravity ( ! ,prisme1 is to ! absolute ,gravity ( ! wat]3 ,!re=e1 ! ,mom5t result+ f ! absolute ,gravity ( ! wat] ,a ,f1 & ! ,velocity ( ! ,motion ( decl9ation1 ) :i* ,mom5t x =ce? ! ,prisme ,d ,g1 to rise & asc5d1 is equall to ! ,mom5t t results f ! absolute ,gravity ( ! ,prisme ,d ,g1 & f ! ,velocity ( ! ,motion1 :]e) be+ rais$1 x w\ld asc5d3 ) :i* ,mom5t x resi/s its be+ rais$3 because1 !re=e1 su* ,mom5ts are equall1 !re %all be an ,equilibrium betwe5 ! wat] & ! ,solid4 ,&1 x is manife/1 t putt+ a little m wat] unto ! o!r ,a ,f1 x w increase ! ,gravity & ,mom5t1 :]eupon ! ,prisme ,d ,g1 %all be ov]come1 & elevat$ till t ! only "p ,b ,f rema9es subm]g$4 ,:i* is t t 0 to be demon/rat$4 ,,coroll>y ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,how f> ,solids less grave 9 specie ?an wat]1 d subm]ge4 ,by :at ha? be5 demon/rat$1 x is manife/1 t ,solids less grave 9 specie ?an ! wat]1 subm]ge only s f>1 t z mu* wat] 9 ,mass1 z is ! "p ( ! ,solid subm]g$1 do? weigh absolutely z mu* z ! :ole ,solid4 ,=1 x be+ suppos$1 t ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! wat]1 is to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,prisme ,d ,g1 z ! ,altitude ,d ,f1 is to ! ,altitude ,f ,b2 t is1 z ! ,solid ,d ,g is to ! ,solid ,b ,g2 we might easily demon/rate1 t z mu* wat] 9 ,mass z is equall to ! ,solid ,b ,g1 do? weigh absolutely z mu* z ! :ole ,solid ,d ,g2 ,=1 by ! ,lemma =ego+1 ! ,absolute ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat]1 equall to ! ,mass ,b ,g1 ha? to ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ! ,prisme ,d ,g1 a proportion comp\nd$ ( ! proportions1 ( ! ,mass ,b ,g to ! ,mass ,g ,d1 & ( ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! wat]1 to ! ,specifick ,gravity ( ! ,prisme3 ,b ! ,gravity 9 specie ( ! wat]1 to ! ,gravity 9 specie ( ! ,prisme1 is suppos$ to be z ! ,mass ,g ,d to ! ,mass ,g ,b4 ,!re=e1 ! ,absolute ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat]1 equall to ! ,mass ,b ,g1 is to ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,d ,g1 9 a proportion comp\nd$ ( ! proportions1 ( ! ,mass ,b ,g to ! ,mass ,g ,d1 & ( ! ,mass ,d ,g to ! ,mass ,g ,b2 :i* is a proportion ( equalitie4 ,! ,absolute ,gravity1 !re=e1 ( a ,mass ( ,wat] equall to ! "p ( ! ,mass ( ! ,prisme ,b ,g1 is equall to ! ,absolute ,gravity ( ! :ole ,solid ,d ,g4 ,,coroll>y ,,ii4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,rule to equilibrate ,solids 9 ! wat]4 ,x foll[es1 moreov]1 t a ,solid less grave ?an ! wat]1 be+ put into a ,vessell ( any imag9able greatness1 & wat] be+ circumfus$ ab\t x to su* a height1 t z mu* wat] 9 ,mass1 z is ! "p ( ! ,solid subm]g$1 d weigh absolutely z mu* z ! :ole ,solid2 x %all by t wat] be ju/ly su/a9$1 be ! circumfus$ ,wat] 9 quantity great] or less]4 ,illu/ration ,=1 if ! ,cyl9d] or ,prisme ,m1 less grave ?an ! wat]1 v4 gra4 9 ,subsequit]iall proportion1 %all be put into ! capaci\s ,vessell ,a ,b ,c ,d1 & ! wat] rais$ ab\t x1 to ?ree qu>t]s ( its height1 namely1 to its ,levell ,a ,d3 x %all be su/a9$ & exactly poys$ 9 ,equilibrium4 ,! same w happ52 if ! ,vessell ,e ,n ,s ,f 7 v small1 s1 t betwe5 ! ,vessell & ! ,solid ,m1 !re 7 b a v n>r[ space1 & only capable ( s mu* wat]1 z ! hundr$? "p ( ! ,mass ,m1 by :i* x %\ld be likewise rais$ & erect$1 z be=e x _h be5 elevat$ to ?ree f\r?s ( ! height ( ! ,solid3 :i* to _m at ! fir/ sight1 may seem a notable ,p>adox1 & beget a conceit1 t ! ,demon/ration ( ^! effects1 7 sophi/icall & fallaci\s3 b1 = ^? :o s repute x1 ! ,exp]im5t is a means t may fully satisfie !m4 ,b he t %all b compreh5d ( :at ,importance ,velocity ( ,motion is1 & h[ x exactly comp5sates ! defect & want ( ,gravity1 w cease to wond]1 9 consid]+ t at ! elevation ( ! ,solid ,m1 ! great ,mass ( wat] ,a ,b ,c ,d abate? v little1 b ! little ,mass ( wat] ,e ,n ,s ,f decrease? v mu*1 & 9 an in/ant1 z ! ,solid ,m be=e did rise1 h[beit = a v %ort space3 ,:]eupon ! ,mom5t1 comp\nd$ ( ! small ,absolute ,gravity ( ! wat] ,e ,n ,s ,f1 & ( its great ,velocity 9 ebb+1 equalize? ! ,=ce & & ,mom5t1 t results f ! composition ( ! imm5se ,gravity ( ! wat] ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ) its great sl[nesse ( ebb+2 s9ce t 9 ! ,elevation ( ! ,sollid ,m1 ! abasem5t ( ! less] wat] ,e ,s1 is p]=m$ j s mu* m swiftly ?an ! great ,mass ( wat] ,a ,c1 z ?is is m 9 ,mass ?an t :i* we ?us demon/rate4 ,sid5ote3 ,the proportion accord+ to :i* wat] rise? & falls 9 diff]5t ,vessels at ! ,imm]sion & ,elevation ( ,solids4 ,9 ! ris+ ( ! ,solid ,m1 its elevation ha? ! same proportion to ! circumfus$ wat] ,e ,n ,s ,f1 t ! ,surface ( ! said wat]1 ha? to ! ,sup]ficies or ,base ( ! said ,solid ,m2 :i* ,base ha? ! same proportion to ! ,surface ( ! wat] ,a ,d1 t ! abasem5t or ebb+ ( ! wat] ,a ,c1 ha? to ! rise or elevation ( ! said ,solid ,m4 ,!re=e1 by ,p]turbation ( proportion1 9 ! asc5t ( ! said ,solid ,m1 ! abasem5t ( ! wat] ,a ,b ,c ,d1 to ! abasem5t ( ! wat] ,e ,n ,s ,f1 ha? ! same proportion1 t ! ,surface ( ! wat] ,e ,f1 ha? to ! ,surface ( ! wat] ,a ,d2 t is1 t ! :ole ,mass ( ! wat] ,e ,n ,s ,f1 ha? to ! :ole ,mass ,a ,b ,c ,d1 be+ equally high3 ,x is manife/1 !re=e1 t 9 ! expulsion & elevation ( ! ,solid ,m1 ! wat] ,e ,n ,s ,f %all exce$ 9 ,velocity ( ,motion ! wat] ,a ,b ,c ,d1 asmu* z x on ! o!r side is exce$$ by t 9 quantity3 :]eupon _! ,mom5ts 9 su* op]ations1 are mutually equall4 ,illu/ration ,&1 = ampl] confirmation1 & cle>] explication ( ?is1 let u consid] ! pres5t ,figure1 7:i* if ,i be n deceiv$1 may s]ve to detect ! errors ( "s ,practick ,me*anitians :o ^u a false f\ndation "s times attempt impossible ent]prizes17 9 :i*1 unto ! l>ge ,vessell ,e ,i ,d ,f1 ! n>r[ ,funnell or ,pipe ,i ,c ,a ,b is cont9u$1 & suppose wat] infus$ into !m1 unto ! ,levell ,l ,g ,h1 :i* wat] %all re/ 9 ?is position1 n )\t admiration 9 "s1 :o _c conceive h[ x c be1 t ! heavie *>ge ( ! great ,mass ( wat] ,g ,d1 press+ d[nw>ds1 %\ld n elevate & repulse ! little quantity ( ! o!r1 conta9$ 9 ! ,funnell or ,pipe ,c ,l1 by :i* ! desc5t ( x is resi/$ & h9d]$3 ,b su* wond] %all cease1 if we beg9 to suppose ! wat] ,g ,d to be abas$ only to ,q ,d1 & %all aft]w>ds consid]1 :at ! wat] ,c ,l ha? done1 :i* to give place to ! o!r1 :i* is desc5d$ f ! ,levell ,g ,h1 to ! ,levell ,q ,o1 %all ( necessity h asc5d$ 9 ! same "t1 f ! ,levell ,l unto ,a ,b4 ,& ! asc5t ,l ,b1 %all be s mu* great] ?an ! desc5t ,g ,q1 by h[ mu* ! bread? ( ! ,vessell ,g ,d1 is great] ?an t ( ! ,funnell ,i ,c2 :i*1 9 summe1 is z mu* z ! wat] ,g ,d1 is m ?an ! wat] ,l ,c3 b 9 reg>d t ! ,mom5t ( ! ,velocity ( ! ,motion1 9 "o ,moveable1 comp5sates t ( ! ,gravity ( ano!r :at wond] is x1 if ! swift asc5t ( ! less] ,wat] ,c ,l1 %all resi/ ! sl[ desc5t ( ! great] ,g ,d8 ,! same1 !re=e1 happ5s 9 ?is op]ation1 z 9 rhe ,/illi>d1 9 :i* a weight ( two p\nds c\nt]poyse? an o!r ( #bjj1 as(t5 z t %all move 9 ! same "t1 a space #ajj times great] ?an ?is3 :i* falle? out :5 "o ,arme ( ! ,beam is an hundr$ times z long z ! o!r4 ,let ! errone\s op9ion ( ^? !re=e cease1 :o hold t a ,%ip is bett]1 & easi] born up 9 a great abundance ( wat]1 !n 9 a less] quantity#ac1 7?is 0 believ$ by ,ari/otle 9 8 ,problems1 ,sect4 #bc1 ,probl4 #b47 x be+ on ! contr>y true1 t its possible1 t a ,%ip may z well float 9 t5 ,tun ( wat]1 z 9 an ,ocean4 #ac ,a %ip flotes z well 9 t5 ,tun ( ,wat] z 9 an ,ocean4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,solid specifiaclly grav] ?an ! wat]1 _c be born up by any quantity ( x4 ,b foll[+ our matt]1 ,i say1 t by :at ha? be5 hi!rto demon/rat$1 we may und]/& h[1 t ,,coroll>y ,,iii4 ,"o ( ! above nam$ ,solids1 :5 m grave 9 specie ?an ! wat]1 c nev] be su/a9$1 by any :atev] quantity ( x4 ,= hav+ se5 h[ t ! ,mom5t :]e) su* a ,solid1 z grave 9 specie z ! wat]1 contra/s ) ! ,mom5t ( any ,mass ( wat] :atsoev]1 is able to reta9 x1 ev5 to its totall ,subm]sion1 )\t its ev] asc5d+2 x rema9e?1 manife/1 t ! wat] is f> less able to raise x up1 :5 x exce$s ! same 9 specie3 s1 t ?\gh y infuse wat] till its totall ,subm]sion1 x %all /ill /ay at ! ,bottome1 & ) su* ,gravity1 & ,resi/ance to ,elevation1 z is ! excess ( its ,absolute ,gravity1 above ! ,absolute ,gravity ( a ,mass equall to x1 made ( wat]1 or ( a ,matt] 9 specie equally grave ) ! wat]3 &1 ?\gh y %\ld moreov] adde nev] s mu* wat] above ! ,levell ( t :i* equalize? ! ,altitude ( ! ,solid1 x %all n1 = all t1 encrease ! ,pression1 or ,gravitation1 ( ! p>ts circumfus$ ab\t ! said ,solid1 by :i* great] pression1 x might come to be repuls$2 because1 ! ,resi/ance is n made1 b only by ^? p>ts ( ! wat]1 :i* at ! ,motion ( ! said ,solid d also move1 & ^! are ^? only1 :i* are compreh5d$ by ! two ,sup]ficies equidi/ant to ! ,horizon1 & _! p>allels1 t compreh5d ! ,altitude ( ! ,solid imm]g$ 9 ! wat]4 ,i conceive1 ,i h by ?is "t suffici5tly decl>$ & op5$ ! way to ! contemplation ( ! true1 intr9secall & prop] ,causes ( div]se ,motions1 & ( ! ,re/ ( _m ,solid ,bodies 9 div]se ,m$iums1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! wat]1 %ew+ h[ all 9 effect1 dep5d on ! mutuall excesses ( ! ,gravity ( ! ,moveables & ( ! ,m$iums3 &1 t :i* did highly import1 remov+ ! ,objection1 :i* p]adv5ture w\ld h begott5 mu* d\bt+1 & scruple 9 "s1 ab\t ! v]ity ( my ,conclusion1 namely1 h[ t not)/&+1 t ! excess ( ! ,gravity ( ! wat]1 above ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid1 demitt$ into x1 be ! cause ( its float+ & ris+ f ! ,bottom to ! ,surface1 yet a quantity ( wat]1 t weighs n t5 p\nds1 c raise a ,solid t weighs above #ajj p\nds3 9 t we h demon/rat$1 ,t x suffice?1 t su* diff]5ce be f\nd betwe5 ! ,specificall ,gravities ( ! ,m$iums & ,moveables1 let ! p>ticul> & absolute ,gravities be :at !y w3 insomu*1 t a ,solid1 provid$ t x be ,specifically less grave ?an ! wat]1 al?\gh its absolute weight 7 #ajjj p\nds1 yet may x be born up & elevat$ by t5 p\nds ( wat]1 & less3 & on ! contr>y1 ano!r ,solid1 s t x be ,specifically m grave ?an ! wat]1 ?\gh 9 absolute ,gravity x 7 n above a p\nd1 yet all ! wat] 9 ! ,sea1 _c raise x f ! ,bottom1 or float x4 ,?is suffice? me1 = my pres5t occasion1 to h1 by ! above decl>$ ,examples1 discov]$ & demon/rat$1 )\t ext5d+ su* matt]s f>!r1 &1 z ,i might h done1 into a long ,treatise3 yea1 b t !re 0 a necessity ( resolv+ ! above propos$ d\bt1 ,i %\ld h cont5t$ my self ) t only1 :i* is demon/rat$ by ,ar*im$es1 9 8 fir/ ,book ,de ,insid5tibus humido#ad3 :]e 9 g5]all t]mes he inf]s & confirms ! same ,conclusions1 namely1 t ,solids 7a7 less grave ?an wat]1 swim or float ^u x1 ! 7b7 m grave g to ! ,bottom1 & ! 7c7 equally grave re/ indiff]5tly 9 all places1 yea1 ?\gh !y %\ld be :olly "u wat]4 #ad ,( ,natation 7a7 ,lib4 #a1 ,prop4 #d4 7b7 ,id4 ,lib4 #a4 ,prop4 #c4 7c7 ,id4 ,lib4 #a4 ,prop4 #c4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,au?ors def5ce ( ,ar*im$es 8 ,doctr9e1 aga9/ ! oppositions ( ,buonamico4 ,b1 because t ?is ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es1 p]us$1 transcrib$ & exam9$ by ,signor ,francesco ,buonamico1 9 8 fif? ,book ( ,motion1 ,*ap4 #bi1 & aft]w>ds by him confut$1 might by ! ,au?ority ( s r5[n$1 & fam\s a ,philosoph]1 be r5d]$ dubi\s1 & suspect$ ( falsity2 ,i h judg$ x necess>y to def5d x1 if ,i am able s to d1 & to cle> ,ar*im$es1 f ^? c5sures1 ) :i* he appe>e? to be *>g$4 ,buonamico rejecte? ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es1 fir/#ae1 z n cons5tane\s ) ! ,op9ion ( ,ari/otle1 add+1 t x 0 a /range ?+ to him1 t ! ,wat] %\ld exce$ ! ,e>? 9 ,gravity#af1 see+ on ! contr>y1 t ! ,gravity ( wat]1 increase?1 by means ( ! p>ticipation ( ,e>?4 ,& he subjoyns pres5tly aft]#ag1 t he 0 n satisfi$ ) ! ,reasons ( ,ar*im$es1 z n be+ able ) t ,doctr9e1 to assign ! cause :5ce x comes1 t a ,boat & a ,vessell1 :i* o!rwise1 floats above ! wat]1 do? s9k to ! ,bottom1 if once x be fill$ ) wat]2 t by reason ( ! equality ( ,gravity1 betwe5 ! wat] )9 x1 & ! o!r wat] )\t1 x %\ld /ay a top2 b yet1 nev]!less1 we see x to g to ! ,bottom4 #ae ,8 fir/ ,objection aga9/ ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es4 #af ,8 ,second ,objection4 #ag ,8 ?ird ,objection4 ,he f>!r addes#ah1 t ,ari/otle _h cle>ly confut$ ! ,anci5ts1 :o said1 t light ,bodies mov$ upw>ds#ai1 driv5 by ! impulse ( ! m grave ,ambi5t3 :i* if x 7 s1 x %\ld seem ( necessity to foll[1 t all naturall ,bodies are by nature heavy1 & none light3 ,= t ! same w\ld befall ! ,fire & ,air1 if put 9 ! ,bottom ( ! wat]4 ,&1 h[beit1 ,ari/otle grants a ,pulsion 9 ! ,elem5ts1 by :i* ! ,e>? is r$uc$ into a ,sph]icall ,figure1 yet nev]!less1 9 8 judgem5t2 x is n su* t x c remove grave ,bodies f _! naturall places1 b r1 t x s5d !m t[>d ! ,c5tre1 to :i* 7z he some:at obscurely cont9ues to say17 ! wat] pr9cipally moves1 if x 9 ! int]im meet n ) some?+ t resi/s x1 &1 by its ,gravity1 ?ru/s x out ( its place3 9 :i* case1 if x _c directly1 yet at lea/ z well z x c1 x t5ds to ! ,c5tre3 b x happ5s1 t light ,bodies by su* ,impulsion1 d all asc5d upw>d3 b ?is prop]ly !y h by nature1 z also1 t o!r ( swimm+4 ,he concludes1 la/ly#bj1 t he concurs ) ,ar*im$es 9 8 ,conclusions2 b n 9 ! ,causes1 :i* he w\ld ref]re to ! facile & difficult ,sep>ation ( ! ,m$ium1 & to ! pr$om9ance ( ! ,elem5ts1 s t :5 ! ,moveable sup]ates ! p[] ( ! ,m$ium2 z = example1 ,lead do? ! ,cont9uity ( wat]1 x %all move ?or[ x1 else n4 #ah ,8 f\r? ,objection4 #ai ,! ,anci5ts d5y$ ,absolute ,levity4 #bj ,! causes ( ,natation ,subm]sion1 accord+ to ! ,p]ipateticks4 ,?is is all t ,i h be5 able to collect1 z produc$ aga9/ ,ar*im$es by ,signor ,buonamico3 :o ha? n well obs]v$ ! ,pr9ciples & ,suppositions ( ,ar*im$es2 :i* yet mu/ be false1 if ! ,doctr9e be false1 :i* dep5ds ^u !m2 b is cont5t$ to all$ge !re9 "s ,inconv5i5ces1 & "s ,repugnances to ! ,doctr9e & ,op9ion ( ,ari/otle4 ,9 answ] to :i* ,objections1 ,i say1 fir/#ba1 ,t ! be+ ( ,ar*im$es ,doctr9e1 simply diff]5t f ! ,doctr9e ( ,ari/otle1 ought n to move any to suspect x1 !re be+ no cause1 :y ! ,au?ority ( ?is %\ld be pref]r$ to ! ,au?ority ( ! o!r3 b1 because1 :]e ! decrees ( ,nature are indiff]5tly expos$ to ! intellectuall eyes ( ea*1 ! ,au?ority ( ! "o & ! o!r1 lose? all au!nticalness ( ,p]swasion1 ! absolute p[] resid+ 9 ,reason2 !re=e ,i pass to t :i* he all$ge? 9 ! second place#bb1 z an absurd consequ5t ( ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es1 namely1 ,t wat] %\ld be m grave ?an ,e>?4 ,b ,i really f9d n1 t ev] ,ar*im$es said su* a ?+1 or t x c be rationally d$uc$ f 8 ,conclusions3 & if t 7 manife/ unto me1 ,i v]ily believe1 ,i %\ld r5\nce 8 ,doctr9e1 z mo/ errone\s4 ,p]haps ?is ,d$uction ( ,buonamico1 is f\nd$ ^u t :i* he cite? ( ! ,vessel1 :i* swims z long z its voyd ( wat]1 b once full x s9ks to ! ,bottom1 & und]/&+ x ( a ,vessel ( ,e>?1 he inf]s aga9/ ,ar*im$es ?us3 ,?\ say/ t ! ,solids :i* swim1 are less grave ?an wat]3 ?is ,vessell swimme?3 !re=e1 ?is ,vessell is lesse grave ?an wat]4 ,if ?is be ! ,illation4 ,i easily answ]1 grant+ t ?is ,vessell is lesse grave ?an wat]1 & d5y+ ! o!r consequ5ce1 namely1 t ,e>? is less ,grave ?an ,wat]4 ,! ,vessel t swims occupie? 9 ! wat]1 n only a place equall to ! ,mass ( ! ,e>?1 ( :i* x is =m$2 b equall to ! ,e>? & to ! ,air toge!r1 conta9$ 9 its concavity4 ,&1 if su* a ,mass comp\nd$ ( ,e>? & ,air1 %all be less grave ?an su* ano!r quantity ( wat]1 x %all swim1 & %all accord ) ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es2 b if1 aga91 remov+ ! ,air1 ! ,vessell %all be fill$ ) wat]1 s t ! ,solid put 9 ! wat]1 be no?+ b ,e>?1 nor occupie? o!r place1 ?an t :i* is only posse/ by ,e>?1 x %all !n g to ! ,bottom1 by reason t ! ,e>? is heavi] ?an ! wat]3 & ?is corresponds well ) ! mean+ ( ,ar*im$es4 ,see ! same effect illu/rat$1 ) su* ano!r ,exp]im5t1 ,9 press+ a ,viall ,glass to ! ,bottom ( ! wat]1 :5 x is full ( ,air1 x w meet ) great resi/ance1 because x is n ! ,glass alone1 t is press$ "u wat]1 b toge!r ) ! ,glass a great ,mass ( ,air1 & su*1 t if y %\ld take z mu* wat]1 z ! ,mass ( ! ,glass1 & ( ! ,air conta9$ 9 x1 y w\ld h a weight mu* great] ?an t ( ! ,viall1 & ( its ,air3 &1 !re=e1 x w n subm]ge )\t great viol5ce3 b if we demit only ! ,glass into ! wat]1 :i* %all be :5 y %all fill ! ,glass ) wat]1 !n %all ! ,glass desc5d to ! ,bottom2 z sup]i\r 9 ,gravity to ! wat]4 #ba ,! ,au?ors answ] to ! fir/ ,objection4 #bb ,! ,au?ors answ] to ! second ,objection4 ,return+1 !re=e1 to our fir/ purpose2 ,i say1 t ,e>? is m grave ?an wat]1 & t !re=e1 a ,solid ( ,e>? goe? to ! bottom ( x2 b "o may possibly make a composition ( ,e>? & ,air1 :i* %all be less grave ?an a l ,mass ( ,wat]2 & ?is %all swim3 & yet bo? ?is & ! o!r exp]im5t %all v well accord ) ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es4 ,b because t 9 my judgm5t x ha? no?+ ( difficulty 9 x1 ,i w n positively affirme t ,signor ,buonamico1 w\ld by su* a disc\rse object unto ,ar*im$es ! absurdity ( inf]r+ by 8 doctr9e1 t ,e>? 0 less grave ?an ,wat]1 ?\gh ,i "k n h[ to conceive :at o!r accid5t he c\ld h induc$ !nce4 ,p]haps su* a ,probleme 79 my judgem5t false7 0 read by ,signor ,buonamico 9 "s o!r ,au?or1 by :om p]adv5ture x 0 attribut$ z a s+ul> prop]tie1 ( "s p>ticul> ,wat]1 & s comes n[ to be us$ ) a d\ble err\r 9 confutation ( ,ar*im$es1 s9ce he sai? no su* ?+1 nor by him t did say x 0 x meant ( ! common ,elem5t ( ,wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,au?ors answ] to ! ?ird ,objection4 ,! ?ird difficulty 9 ! doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es 01 t he c\ld n r5d] a reason :5ce x arose1 t a piece ( ,wood1 & a ,vessell ( ,wood1 :i* o!rwise floats1 goe? to ! bottom1 if fill$ ) ,wat]4 ,signor ,buonamico ha? suppos$ t a ,vessell ( ,wood1 & ( ,wood t by nature swims1 z be=e is said1 goes to ! bottom1 if x be fill$ ) wat]2 ( :i* he 9 ! foll[+ ,*apt]1 :i* is ! #cj ( ! fif? ,book copi\sly disc\rse?3 b ,i 7speak+ alwayes )\t dim9ution ( 8 s+ul> ,le>n+7 d>e 9 def5ce ( ,ar*im$es d5y ?is exp]im5t1 be+ c]ta9 t a piece ( ,wood :i* by its nature s9ks n 9 ,wat]1 %all n s9ke ?\gh x be turn$ & conv]t$ into ! =me ( any ,vessell :atsoev]1 & !n fill$ ) ,wat]3 & he t w\ld readily see ! ,exp]im5t 9 "s o!r tractable ,matt]1 & t is easily r$uc$ into sev]al ,figures1 may take pure ,wax1 & mak+ x fir/ into a ,ball or o!r solid ,figure1 let him adde to x s mu* ,lead z %all j c>ry x to ! bottome1 s t be+ a gra9e less x c\ld n be able to s9ke x1 & mak+ x aft]w>ds into ! =me ( a ,di%1 & fill+ x ) ,wat]1 he %all f9de t )\t ! said ,lead x %all n s9ke1 & t ) ! ,lead x %all desc5d ) mu* sl[ness3 9 %ort he %all satisfie himself1 t ! ,wat] includ$ makes no alt]ation4 ,i say n all ?is :ile1 b t its possible ( ,wood to make ,b>kes1 :i* be+ fill$ ) wat]1 s9ke2 b t proce$s n ?r\gh its ,gravity1 encreas$ by ! ,wat]1 b r f ! ,nailes & o!r ,iron ,workes1 s t x no long] ha? a ,body less grave ?an ,wat]1 b "o mixt ( ,iron & ,wood1 m grave ?an a l ,masse ( ,wat]4 ,!re=e let ,signor ,buonamico desi/ f desir+ a reason ( an effect1 t is n 9 nature3 yea if ! s9k+ ( ! ,woodd5 ,vessell :5 its full ( ,wat]1 may call 9 "q ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es1 :i* he w\ld n h y to foll[1 is on ! contr>y consonant & agreeable to ! ,doctr9e ( ! ,p]ipateticks1 s9ce x aptly assignes a reason :y su* a ,vessell mu/1 :5 its full ( ,wat]1 desc5d to ! bottom2 conv]t+ ! ,argum5t ! o!r way1 we may ) safety say t ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es is true1 s9ce x aptly agree? ) true exp]im5ts1 & "q ! o!r1 ^: ,d$uctions are fa/5$ ^u errone\ss ,conclusions4 ,z = ! o!r po9t h9t$ 9 ?is same ,in/ance1 :]e x seemes t ,b5onamico und]/&s ! same n only ( a piece ( wood1 %ap$ 9 ! =me ( a ,vessell1 b also ( massie ,wood1 :i* fill$1 scilicet1 z ,i believe1 he w\ld say1 soak$ & /eep$ 9 ,wat]1 goes f9ally to ! bottom t happ5s 9 "s porose ,woods1 :i*1 :ile _! ,porosity is repl5i%$ ) ,air1 or o!r ,matt] less grave ?an ,wat]1 are ,masses specificially less grave ?an ! said ,wat]1 l z is t ,viall ( ,glass :ile/ x is full ( ,air3 b :51 su* light ,matt] dep>t+1 !re succe$e? ,wat] into ! same ,porosities & ,cavities1 !re results a comp\nd ( ,wat] & ,glass m grave ?an a l ,mass ( ,wat]3 b ! excess ( its ,gravity consi/s 9 ! ,matt] ( ! ,glass1 & n 9 ! ,wat]1 :i* _c be grav] ?an x self3 s t :i* rema9es ( ! ,wood1 ! ,air ( its ,cavities dep>t+1 if x %all be m grave 9 specie ?an ,wat]1 fil b its ,porosities ) ,wat]1 & y %all h a ,compo/ ( ,wat] & ( ,wood m grave ?an ,wat]1 b n by v]tue ( ! ,wat] receiv$ into & imbib$ by ! ,porosities1 b ( t ,matt] ( ! ,wood :i* rema9s :5 ! ,air is dep>t$3 & be+ su* x %all1 accord+ to ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es1 goe to ! bottom1 l z be=e1 accord+ to ! same ,doctr9e x did swim4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,au?ors answ] to ! f\r? ,objection4 ,z to t f9ally :i* pres5ts itself 9 ! f\r? place1 namely1 t ! ,anci5ts h be5 h]et(ore confut$ by ,ari/otle1 :o d5y+ ,positive & ,absolute ,levity1 & truely e/eem+ all ,bodies to be grave1 said1 t t :i* mov$ upw>d 0 driv5 by ! circumambi5t ,air1 & !re=e t also ! ,doctr9e ( ,ar*im$es1 z an adh]5t to su* an ,op9ion 0 convict$ & confut$3 ,i answ] fir/1 t ,signor ,buonamico 9 my judgem5t ha? impos$ ^u ,ar*im$es1 & d$uc$ f 8 words m ?an ev] he int5d$ by !m1 or may f 8 ,propositions be collect$1 9 reg>d t ,ar*im$es nei!r d5ies1 nor admitte? ,positive ,levity1 nor do? he s mu* z m5tion x3 s t mu* less ought ,buonamico to inf]re1 t he ha? d5y$ t x might be ! ,cause & ,pr9ciple ( ! ,asc5sion ( ,fire1 & o!r ,light ,bodies#bc3 hav+ b only demon/rat$1 t ,solid ,bodies m grave ?an ,wat] desc5d 9 x1 accord+ to ! excess ( _! ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( t1 he demon/rates likewise1 h[ ! less grave asc5d 9 ! same ,wat]#bd1 accordng to its excess ( ,gravity1 above ! ,gravity ( !m4 ,s t ! mo/ t c be ga!r$ f ! ,demon/ration ( ,ar*im$es is1 t l z ! excess ( ! ,gravity ( ! ,moveable above ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 is ! ,cause t x desc5ds !re91 s ! excess ( ! ,gravity ( ! wat] above t ( ! ,moveable1 is a suffici5t ,cause :y x desc5ds n1 b r betakes x self to swim3 n enquir+ :e!r ( mov+ upw>ds !re is1 or is n any o!r ,cause contr>y to ,gravity3 nor do? ,ar*im$es disc\rse less prop]ly ?an if "o %\ld say3 ,if ! ,s\? ,w9de %all assault ! ,b>ke ) great] ,impetus ?an is ! viol5ce ) :i* ! ,/reame ( ! ,riv] c>ries x t[>ds ! ,s\?1 ! motion ( x %all be t[>ds ! ,nor?3 b if ! ,impetus ( ! ,wat] %all ov]come t ( ! ,w9de1 its motion %all be t[>ds ! ,s\?4 ,! disc\rse is excell5t & w\ld be unwor?ily contradict$ by su* z %\ld oppose x1 say+3 ,?\ mis-all$ge/ z ,cause ( ! motion ( ! ,b>k t[>ds ! ,s\?1 ! ,impetus ( ! ,/ream ( ! ,wat] above t ( ! ,s\? ,w9de2 mis-all$ge/ ,i say1 = x is ! ,=ce ( ! ,nor? ,w9de opposite to ! ,s\?1 t is able to drive ! ,b>k t[>ds ! ,s\?4 ,su* an ,objection w\ld be sup]flu\s1 because he :i* all$ge? = ,cause ( ! ,motion ! ,/ream ( ! ,wat]1 d5ies n b t ! ,w9de opposite to ! ,s\? may d ! same1 b only affirme? t ! =ce ( ! ,wat] prevail+ ov] ! ,s\? ,w9d1 ! ,b>k %all move t[>ds ! ,s\?3 & sai? no m ?an is true4 ,& j ?us :5 ,ar*im$es sai?1 t ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat] prevail+ ov] t by :i* ! moveable desc5ds to ! ,bottom1 su* moveable %all be rais$ f ! ,bottom to ! ,surface all$ge? a v true ,cause ( su* an ,accid5t1 nor do? he affirm or d5y t !re is1 or is n1 a v]tue contr>y to ,gravity1 call$ by "s ,levity1 t ha? also a p[] ( mov+ "s ,matt]s upw>ds4 ,let !re=e ! ,weapons ( ,signor ,buonamico be direct$ aga9/ ,plato#be1 & o!r ,anci5ts1 :o totally d5y+ ,levity1 & tak+ all ,bodies to be grave1 say t ! ,motion upw>ds is made1 n f an intr9secal ,pr9ciple ( ! ,moveable1 b only by ! ,impulse ( ! ,m$ium2 & let ,ar*im$es & 8 ,doctr9e escape him1 s9ce he ha? giv5 him no ,cause ( qu>ell+ ) him4 ,b if ?is ,apologie1 produc$ 9 def5ce ( ,ar*im$es1 %\ld seem to "s insuffici5t to free him f ! ,objections & ,argum5ts1 produc$ by ,ari/otle aga9/ ,plato1 & ! o!r ,anci5ts1 z if !y did also fight aga9/ ,ar*im$es1 all$g+ ! ,impulse ( ! ,wat] z ! ,cause ( ! swimm+ ( "s ,bodies less grave ?an x#bf1 ,i w\ld n "q1 b t ,i %\ld be able to ma9ta9e ! ,doctr9e ( ,plato & ^? o!rs to be mo/ true1 :o absolutely d5y ,levity1 & affirm no o!r ,intr9secal ,pr9ciple ( ,motion to be 9 ,elem5t>y ,bodies save only t t[>ds ! ,c5tre ( ! ,e>?#bg1 nor no o!r ,cause ( mov+ upw>ds1 speak+ ( t :i* ha? ! resemblance ( natural ,motion1 b only ! repulse ( ! ,m$ium1 fluid1 & exce$+ ! ,gravity ( ! ,moveable#bh3 & z to ! ,reasons ( ,ari/otle on ! contr>y1 ,i believe t ,i c\ld be able fully to answ] !m1 & ,i w\ld assay to d x1 if x 7 absolutely necess>y to ! pres5t ,matt]1 or 7 x n too long a ,digression = ?is %ort ,treatise4 ,i w only say1 t if !re 7 9 "s ( our ,ellem5t>y ,bodies an ,intr9secall ,pr9ciple & ,naturall ,incl9ation to %un ! ,c5tre ( ! ,e>?1 & to move t[>ds ! ,concave ( ! ,moon1 su* ,bodies1 )\t d\bt1 w\ld m swiftly asc5d ?r\gh ^? ,m$iums t lea/ oppose ! ,velocity ( ! ,moveable1 & ^! are ! m t5u\s & subtle2 z is1 = example1 ! ,air 9 comp>ison ( ! ,wat]1 we daily prov+ t we c ) f>re m exp$iti\s ,velocity move a ,h& or a ,bo>d to & aga9 9 "o ?an 9 ! o!r#bi3 nev]!less1 we nev] c\ld f9de any ,body1 t did n asc5d mu* m swiftly 9 ! wat] ?an 9 ! ,air4 ,yea ( ,bodies :i* we see cont9ually to asc5d 9 ! ,wat]1 !re is none t hav+ arriv$ to ! conf9es ( ! ,air1 d n :olly lose _! ,motion#cj2 ev5 ! ,air x self1 :i* ris+ ) great ,cel]ity ?r\gh ! ,wat]1 be+ once come to its ,region x lose? all #bc ,( ,natation1 ,lib4 #a4 ,prop4 #g4 #bd ,( ,natation1 ,lib4 #a4 ,prop4 #d4 #be ,plato d5ye? ,positive ,levity4 #bf ,! ,au?ors def5ce ( ! doctr9e ( ,plato & ! ,anci5ts1 :o absolutely d5y ,levity3 #bg ,accord+ to ,plato !re is no ,pr9ciple ( ! ,motion1 ( desc5t 9 ,naturall ,bodies1 save t to ! ,c5tre4 #bh ,no cause ( ! motion ( ,asc5t1 save ! ,impulse ( ! ,m$ium1 exce$+ ! ,moveable 9 ,gravitie4 #bi ,bodies asc5d mu* swift] 9 ! ,wat]1 ?an 9 ! ,air4 #cj ,all ,bodies asc5d+ ?r\gh ,wat]1 lose _! ,motion1 comm+ to ! conf9es ( ! ,air4 ,sid5ote3 ,! light] ,bodies asc5d m swiftly ?r\gh ,wat]4 ,&1 h[beit1 ,exp]i5ce %ewes1 t ! ,bodies1 successively less grave1 d mo/ exp$iti\sly asc5d 9 wat]1 x _c be d\bt$1 b t ! ,ignean ,exhalations d asc5d m swiftly ?r\gh ! wat]1 ?an do? ! ,air3 :i* ,air is se5 by ,exp]i5ce to asc5d m swiftly ?r\gh ! ,wat]1 ?an ! ,fi]y ,exhalations ?r\gh ! ,air#ca3 ,!re=e1 we mu/ ( necessity conclude1 t ! said ,exhalations d mu* m exp$iti\sly asc5d ?r\gh ! ,wat]1 ?an ?r\gh ! ,air2 & t1 consequ5tly1 !y are mov$ by ! ,impulse ( ! ,ambi5t ,m$ium1 & n by an intr9sick ,pr9ciple t is 9 !m1 ( avoid+ ! ,c5tre ( ! ,e>?2 to :i* o!r grave ,bodies t5d4 #ca ,fi]y ,exhalations asc5d ?or[ ! ,wat] m swiftly ?an do? ! ,air2 ! ,air asc5ds m swiftly ?or[ ! ,wat]1 ?an ,fire ?or[ ! ,air4 ,sid5ote3 ,the ,au?ors confutation ( ! ,p]ipateticks ,causes ( ,natation ,subm]sion4 ,to t :i* = a f9all conclusion1 ,signor ,buonamico produce? ( go+ ab\t to r$uce ! desc5d+ or n desc5d+1 to ! easie & uneasie ,division ( ! ,m$ium1 & to ! pr$om9ancy ( ! ,elem5ts3 ,i answ]1 z to ! fir/ "p1 t t _c 9 any mann] be admitt$ z a ,cause1 be+ t 9 none ( ! ,fluid ,m$iums1 z ! ,air1 ! ,wat]1 & o!r ,liquids1 !re is any ,resi/ance aga9/ ,division#cb1 b all by e ! lea/ ,=ce1 are divid$ & p5etrat$1 z ,i w anon demon/rate3 s1 t ( su* ,resi/ance ( ,division !re c be no ,act1 s9ce x self is n 9 be+4 ,z to ! o!r "p1 ,i say1 t ! pr$om9ancy ( ! ,elem5ts 9 ,moveables#cc1 is to be consid]$1 z f> z to ! excesse or defect ( ,gravity1 9 relation to ! ,m$ium3 = 9 t ,action1 ! ,elem5ts op]ate n1 b only1 s f> z !y are grave or light3 !re=e1 to say t ! ,wood ( ! ,firre s9ks n1 because ,air pr$om9ate? 9 x1 is no m ?an to say1 because x is less grave ?an ! ,wat]4 ,yea1 ev5 ! imm$iate ,cause1 is its be+ less grave ?an ! ,wat]#cd3 & x be+ "u ! pr$om9ancy ( ! ,air1 is ! ,cause ( its less ,gravity3 ,!re=e1 he t all$ge? ! pr$om9ancy ( ! ,elem5t = a ,cause1 br+s ! ,cause ( ! ,cause1 & n ! ne]e/ & imm$iate ,cause4 ,n[1 :o kn[s n t ! true ,cause is ! imm$iate1 & n ! m$iate#ce8 ,moreov]1 he t all$ge? ,gravity1 br+s a ,cause mo/ p]spicu\s to ,s5ce#cf3 ,! cause we may v easily ass]ta9 our selves2 :e!r ,ebony1 = example1 & ,firre1 be m or less grave ?an wat]3 b :e!r ,e>? or ,air pr$om9ates 9 !m1 :o %all make t manife/8 ,c]ta9ly1 no ,exp]im5t c bett] d x ?an to obs]ve :e!r !y swim or s9k4 ,s1 t he :o kn[s1 n :e!r su* a ,solid swims1 unless :5 he kn[s t ,air pr$om9ates 9 x1 kn[s n :e!r x swim1 unless he sees x swim1 = !n he kn[s t x swims1 :5 he kn[s t x is ,air t pr$om9ates1 b kn[s n t ,air ha? ! pr$om9ance1 unless he sees x swim3 !re=e1 he kn[s n if x swims1 till su* "t z he ha? se5 x swim4 #cb ,wat] o!r fluids void ( ,resi/ance aga9/ ,division4 #cc ,the pr$om9ancy ( ,elem5ts 9 ,moveables to be consid]$ only 9 relation to _! excess or defect ( ,gravity 9 ref]5ce to ! ,m$ium4 #cd ,the imm$iate ,cause ( ,natation is t ! ,moveable is less grave ?an ! ,wat]4 #ce ,the ,p]ipateticks all$ge = ! reason ( ,natation ! ,cause ( ! ,cause4 #cf ,gravity a ,cause mo/ p]spicu\s to s5ce4 ,let u n !n despise ^? ,h9ts1 ?\gh v d>k1 :i* ,reason1 aft] "s contemplation1 (f]e? to our ,intellig5ce1 & lets be cont5t to be taught by ,ar*im$es1 t !n any ,body %all subm]ge 9 wat]#cg1 :5 x %all be specifically m grave ?an x1 & t if x %all be less grave#ch1 x %all ( necessity swim1 & t x w re/ indiff]5tly 9 any place "u wat]1 if its ,gravity be p]fectly l to t ( ! wat]4 #cg ,lib #a4 ( ,natation ,prop4 #g #ch ,id4 ,lib4 #a4 ,prop4 #d4 ,^! ?+s expla9$ & prov$#ci1 ,i come to consid] t :i* (f]s x self1 t\*+ :at ! ,div]sity ( figure giv5 unto ! said ,moveable ha? to d ) ^! ,motions & ,re/s2 & proce$ to affirme1 t1 #ci ,id4 ,lib #a4 ,prop4 #c4 ,,!oreme ,v4 ,sid5ote3 ,div]sity ( ,figure no ,cause ( its absolute ,natation or ,subm]sion4 ,! div]sity ( ,figures giv5 to ?is or t ,solid1 _c any way be a ,cause ( its absolute ,s9k+ or ,swimm+4 ,s t if a ,solid be+ =m$1 = example1 into a ,sph]icall ,figure1 do? s9k or swim 9 ! wat]1 ,i say1 t be+ =m$ into any o!r ,figure1 ! same figure 9 ! same wat]1 %all s9k or swim3 nor c su* its ,motion by ! ,expansion or by o!r mutation ( ,figure1 be imp$$ or tak5 away4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,expansion ( ,figure1 ret>ds ! ,velocity ( ! asc5t or desc5t ( ! ,moveable 9 ! wat]2 b do? n deprive x ( all ,motion4 ,! ,expansion ( ! ,figure may inde$ ret>d its ,velocity1 aswell ( asc5t z desc5t1 & m & m accord+ z ! said ,figure is r$uc$ to a great] bread? & ?9ness3 b t x may be r$uc$ to su* a =m z t t same matt] be :olly h9dr$ f mov+ 9 ! same wat]1 t ,i hold to be impossible4 ,9 ?is ,i h met ) great contradictors1 :o produc+ "s ,exp]im5ts1 & 9 p]ticul> a ?9 ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 & a ,ball ( ! same ,wood1 & %ew+ h[ ! ,ball 9 ,wat] desc5d$ to ! bottom1 & ! ,bo>d be+ put lightly ^u ! ,wat] subm]g$ n1 b re/$2 h held1 & ) ! ,au?ority ( ,ari/otle1 confirm$ !mselves 9 _! ,op9ions1 t ! ,cause ( t ,re/ 0 ! bread? ( ! ,figure1 unable by its small weight to pi]ce & p5etrate ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,wat]s ,crassitude1 :i* ,resi/ance is readily ov]come by ! o!r ,sph]icall ,figure4 ,?is is ! ,pr9cipal po9t 9 ! pres5t ,"q1 9 :i* ,i p]swade my self to be on ! "r side4 ,!re=e1 beg9n+ to inve/igate ) ! exam9ation ( exquisite ,exp]im5ts t really ! ,figure do? n a jot alt] ! desc5t or ,asc5t ( ! same ,solids1 & hav+ already demon/rat$ t ! great] or less ,gravity ( ! ,solid 9 relation to ! ,gravity ( ! ,m$ium is ! cause ( ,desc5t or ,asc5t3 :5 ev] we w\ld make pro( ( t1 :i* ab\t ?is ,effect ! div]sity ( ,figure worke?1 its necess>y to make ! ,exp]im5t ) ,matt] :]e9 v>iety ( ,gravities ha? no place4 ,= mak+ use ( ,matt]s :i* may be diff]5t 9 _! ,specifical ,gravities1 & meet+ ) v>ieties ( effects ( ,asc5d+ & ,desc5d+1 we %all alwayes be left unsatisfi$ :e!r t div]sity d]ive x self really f ! sole ,figure1 or else f ! div]s ,gravity also4 ,we may rem$y ?is by take+ "o only ,matt]1 t is tractable & easily r$uceable into e sort ( ,figure4 ,moreov]1 x w be an excell5t exp$i5t to take a k9de ( ,matt]1 exactly alike 9 ,gravity unto ! ,wat]3 = t ,matt]1 z f> z p]ta9es to ! ,gravity1 is indiff]5t ei!r to ,asc5d or ,desc5d2 s t we may pres5tly obs]ve any ! lea/ diff]5ce t d]ives x self f ! div]sity ( ,figure4 ,sid5ote3 ,an ,exp]im5t 9 ,wax1 t prove? ,figure to h no ,op]ation 9 ,natation ,subm]sion4 ,n[ to d ?is1 ,wax is mo/ apt1 :i*1 besides its incapacity ( receive+ any s5sible alt]ation f its imbib+ ( ,wat]1 is ductile or pliant1 & ! same piece is easily r$uceable into all ,figures3 & be+ 9 ,specie a v inconsid]able matt] inf]i\r 9 ,gravity to ! ,wat]1 by mix+ !re) a little ( ! file+s ( ,lead x is r$uc$ to a ,gravity exactly equall to t ( ! ,wat]4 ,?is ,matt] prep>$1 &1 = example1 a ,ball be+ made !re( z bigge z an ,orange or big]1 & t made s grave z to s9k to ! bottom1 b s lightly1 t take+ !nce "o only ,gra9 ( ,lead1 x returns to ! top1 & be+ add$1 x subm]ge? to ! bottom1 let ! same ,wax aft]w>ds be made into a v broad & ?9 ,flake or ,cake2 & !n1 return+ to make ! same ,exp]im5t1 y %all see t x be+ put to ! bottom1 x %all1 ) ! ,gra9 ( ,lead re/ bel[1 & t ,gra9 d$uct$1 x %all asc5d to ! v ,surface1 & add$ aga9 x %all dive to ! bottom4 ,& ?is same effect %all happ5 alwaies 9 all sort ( ,figures1 z wel regul> z irregul>3 nor %all y ev] f9de any t w swim )\t ! removall ( ! ,gra9 ( ,lead1 or s9ke to ! bottom unless x be add$3 &1 9 %ort1 ab\t ! go+ or n go+ to ! ,bottom1 y %all discov] no div]sity1 al?\gh1 inde$1 y %all ab\t ! quick & sl[ desc5t3 = ! m expatiat$ & di/5d$ ,figures move m sl[ly aswel 9 ! dive+ to ! bottom z 9 ! ris+ to ! top2 & ! o!r m contract$ & compact ,figures1 m spe$ily4 ,n[ ,i "k n :at may be expect$ f ! div]sity ( ,figures1 if ! mo/ contr>y to "o ano!r op]ate n s mu* z do? a v small ,gra9 ( ,lead1 add$ or remov$4 ,me ?9kes ,i he> "s ( ! ,adv]s>ies to raise a d\bt ^u my produc$ ,exp]im5t#dj4 ,& fir/ t !y (f] to my consid]ation1 t ! ,figure1 z a ,figure simply1 & disjunct f ! ,matt] workes n any effect1 b requires to be conjoyn$ ) ! ,matt]2 &1 fur!rmore1 n ) e ,matt]1 b ) ^? only1 :]e) x may be able to execute ! desir$ op]ation4 ,l z we see x v]ifi$ by ,exp]i5ce1 t ! ,acute & %>p ,angle is m apt to cut1 ?an ! ,obtuse2 yet alwaies provid$1 t bo? ! "o & ! o!r1 be joyn$ ) a ,matt] apt to cut1 z = example1 ) ,/eel4 ,!re=e1 a ,knife ) a f9e & %>p edge1 cuts ,bread or ,wood ) mu* ease1 :i* x w n d1 if ! edge be blunt & ?ick3 b he t w in/ead ( ,/eel1 take ,wax1 & m\ld x into a ,knife1 und\bt$ly %all nev] "k ! effects ( %>p & blunt edges3 because nei!r ( !m w cut1 ! ,wax be+ unable by reason ( its flexibility1 to ov]come ! h>dness ( ! ,wood & ,bread4 ,&1 !re=e1 apply+ ! l disc\rse to our purpose1 !y say1 t ! diff]5ce ( ,figure w %ew diff]5t effects1 t\*+ ,natation & ,subm]sion1 b n conjoyn$ ) any k9d ( ,matt]1 b only ) ^? ,matt]s :i*1 by _! ,gravity1 are apt to resi/ ! ,velocity ( ! wat]1 :5ce he t w\ld elect = ! ,matt]1 ,cork or o!r light wood1 unable1 ?r\gh its ,levity1 to sup]ate ! ,crassitude ( ! wat]1 & ( t ,matt] %\ld =me ,solids ( div]s ,figures1 w\ld 9 va9 seek to f9d out :at op]ation ,figure ha? 9 ,natation or ,subm]sion2 because all w\ld swim1 & t n ?r\gh any prop]ty ( ?is or t ,figure1 b ?r\gh ! debility ( ! ,matt]1 want+ s mu* ,gravity1 z is requisite to sup]ate & ov]come ! ,d5sity & ,crassitude ( ! wat]4 #dj ,an objection aga9/ ! ,exp]im5t 9 ,wat]4 ,its ne$full1 !re=e1 if wee w\ld see ! effect wr\ght by ! ,div]sity ( ,figure1 fir/ to make *oice ( a ,matt] ( its nature apt to p5etrate ! ,crassitude ( ! wat]4 ,&1 = ?is effect#da1 !y h made *oice ( su* a ,matt]1 z fit1 t be+ readily r$uc$ into ,sph]icall ,figure1 goes to ! ,bottom2 & x is ,ebony1 ( :i* !y aft]w>ds mak+ a small ,bo>d or ,spl9t]1 z ?9 z a ,la?1 h illu/rat$ h[ t ?is1 put ^u ! ,surface ( ! wat]1 re/s !re )\t desc5d+ to ! ,bottom3 & mak+1 on ! o!rside1 ( ! same wood a ,ball1 no less ?an a hazell ,nut1 !y %ew1 t ?is swims n1 b desc5des4 ,f :i* ,exp]im5t1 !y ?9k !y may frankly conclude1 t ! ,bread? ( ! ,figure 9 ! flat ,la? or ,bo>d1 is ! cause ( its n desc5d+ to ! ,bottom1 = z mu* z a ,ball ( ! same ,matt]1 n diff]5t f ! ,bo>d 9 any ?+ b 9 ,figure1 subm]ge? 9 ! same wat] to ! ,bottom4 ,! disc\rse & ! ,exp]im5t ha? really s mu* ( probability & likelyhood ( tru? 9 x1 t x w\ld be no wond]1 if _m p]swad$ by a c]ta9 cursory obs]vation1 %\ld yield cr$it to x2 nev]!less1 ,i ?9k ,i am able to discov]1 h[ t x is n free f falacy4 #da ,an ,exp]im5t 9 ,ebany1 br\ght to disprove ! ,exp]im5t 9 ,wax4 ,beg9n+1 !re=e1 to exam9e "o by "o1 all ! p>ticul>s t h be5 produc$1 ,i say1 t ,figures1 z simple ,figures1 n only op]ate n 9 naturall ?+s1 b nei!r are !y ev] sep]at$ f ! ,corporeall sub/ance#db3 nor h ,i ev] all$g$ !m /ript ( s5sible ,matt]1 l z also ,i freely admit1 t 9 our endeav\r+ to exam9e ! ,div]sity ( ,accid5ts1 dep5dant ^u ! v>iety ( ,figures1 x is necess>y to apply !m to ,matt]s1 :i* ob/ruct n ! v>i\s op]ations ( ^? v>i\s ,figures3 & ,i admit & grant1 t ,i %\ld d v ill2 if ,i w\ld exp]im5t ! influ5ce ( ,acut5esse ( edge ) a ,knife ( ,wax1 apply+ x to cut an ,oak1 because !re is no ,acut5ess 9 ,wax able to cut t v h>d wood4 ,b yet su* an ,exp]im5t ( ?is ,knife1 w\ld n be besides ! purpose1 to cut curd$ ,milk1 or o!r v yield+ ,matt]3 yea1 9 su* l ,matt]s1 ! ,wax is m commodi\s ?an ,/eel2 = f9d+ ! div]sity dep5d+ ^u ,angles1 m or less ,acute1 = t ,milk is indiff]5tly cut ) a ,raisor1 & ) a ,knife1 t ha? a blunt edge4 ,x ne$s1 !re=e1 t reg>d be _h1 n only to ! h>dness1 solidity or ,gravity ( ,bodies1 :i* "u div]s figures1 are to divide & p5etrate "s ,matt]s1 b x =ce? also1 t reg>d be _h1 on ! o!r side1 to ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,matt]s1 to be divid$ & p5etrat$4 ,b s9ce ,i h 9 mak+ ! ,exp]im5t conc]n+ our ,conte/2 *os5 a ,matt] :i* p5etrates ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat]2 & 9 all figures desc5des to ! ,bottome1 ! ,adv]s>ies c *>ge me ) no defect2 yea1 ,i h prop\nd$ s mu* a m excell5t ,me?od ?an !y1 9 z mu* z ,i h remov$ all o!r ,causes1 ( desc5d+ or n desc5d+ to ! ,bottom1 & reta9$ ! only sole & pure v>iety ( ,figures1 demon/rat+ t ! same ,figures all desc5de ) ! only alt]ation ( a ,gra9 9 weight3 :i* ,gra9 be+ remov$1 !y return to float & swim2 x is n true1 !re=e1 7resum+ ! ,example by !m introduc$7 t ,i h gone ab\t to exp]im5t ! efficacy ( ,acut5ess1 9 cutt+ ) ,matt]s unable to cut1 b ) ,matt]s proportion$ to our occasion1 s9ce !y are subject$ to no o!r v>iety1 !n t alone :i* dep5ds on ! ,figure m or less acute4 #db ,figure is unsep]able f ,corporeall ,sub/ance4 ,sid5ote3 ,! answ] to ! ,objection aga9/ ! ,exp]im5t ( ! ,wax4 ,b let u proce$ a little f>!r1 & obs]ve1 h[ t inde$ ! ,consid]ation1 :i*1 !y say1 ought to be _h ab\t ! ,election ( ! ,matt]1 to ! end1 t x may be proportionate = ! mak+ ( our exp]im5t1 is ne$lessly introduc$1 decl>+ by ! example ( ,cutt+1 t l z ,acut5ess is ineffici5t to cut1 unless :5 x is 9 a ,matt] h>d & apt to sup]ate ! ,resi/ance ( ! wood or o!r ,matt]1 :i* we int5d to cut2 s ! aptitude ( desc5d+ or n desc5d+ 9 wat]1 ought & c only be kn[n 9 ^? ,matt]s1 t are able to ov]come ! ,r5it5ce1 & sup]ate ! ,crassitude ( ! wat]4 ,unto :i*1 ,i say1 t to make di/9ction & election1 m ( ?is ?an ( t ,matt]1 on :i* to impress ! ,figures = cutt+ or p5etrat+ ?is or t ,body1 z ! solidity or obdurat5ess ( ! said ,bodies %all be great] or less1 is v necess>y3 b )all ,i subjoyn1 t su* di/9ction1 election & caution w\ld be sup]flu\s & unpr(itable1 if ! ,body to be cut or p5etrat$1 %\ld h no ,resi/ance1 or %\ld n at all )/& ! ,cutt+ or ,p5itration3 & if ! ,knife 7 to be us$ 9 cutt+ a ,mi/ or ,smoak1 "o ( ,pap] w\ld be equally s]viceable ) "o ( ,damascus ,/eel3 & s by reason ! wat] ha? n any ,resi/ance aga9/ ! ,p5itration ( any ,solid ,body1 all *oice ( ,matt] is sup]flu\s & ne$less1 & ! ,election :i* ,i said above to h be5 well made ( a ,matt] reciprocall 9 ,gravity to wat]1 0 n because x 0 necess>y1 = ! ov]com+ ( ! crassitude ( ! wat]1 b its ,gravity1 ) :i* only x resi/s ! s9k+ ( ,solid ,bodies3 & = :at conc]ne? ! ,resi/ance ( ! crassitude1 if we n>r[ly consid] x1 we %all f9d t all ,solid ,bodies1 z well ^? t s9k1 z ^? t swim1 are indiff]5tly accomodat$ & apt to br+ u to ! k ( ! tru? 9 "q4 ,nor w ,i be fright$ out ( ! belief ( ^! ,conclusions1 by ! ,exp]im5ts :i* may be produc$ aga9/ me1 ( _m sev]all ,woods1 ,corks1 ,galls1 &1 moreov]1 ( subtle slates & plates ( all sorts ( ,/one & ,mettall1 apt by means ( _! ,naturall ,gravity1 to move t[>ds ! ,c5tre ( ! ,e>?1 ! :i*1 nev]!less1 be+ impot5t1 ei!r ?r\gh ! ,figure 7z ! ,adv]s>ies ?9ke7 or ?r\gh ,levity1 to break & p5etrate ! ,cont9uity ( ! p>ts ( ! wat]1 & to di/ract its union1 d cont9ue to swimm )\t subm]g+ 9 ! lea/3 nor on ! o!r side1 %all ! ,au?ority ( ,ari/otle move me1 :o 9 m ?an "o place1 affirme? ! contr>y to ?is1 :i* ,exp]i5ce %ews me4 ,sid5ote3 ,no ,solid ( su* ,levity1 nor ( su* ,figure1 b t x do? p5etrate ! ,crassitude ( ! ,wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,bodies ( all ,figures1 laid ^u ! wat]1 d p5etrate its ,crassitude1 & 9 :at proportion4 ,i return1 !re=e1 to ass]t1 t !re is n any ,solid ( su* ,levity1 nor ( su* ,figure1 t be+ put ^u ! wat]1 do? n divide & p5etrate its ,crassitude3 yea if any ) a m p]spicati\s eye1 %all return to obs]ve m exactly ! ?9 ,bo>ds ( ,wood1 he %all see !m to be ) "p ( _! ?ickness "u wat]1 & n only ) _! inf]i\r ,sup]ficies1 to kisse ! ,sup]i\r ( ! wat]1 z !y ( necessity mu/ h believ$1 :o h said1 t su* ,bo>ds subm]ge n1 z n be+ able to divide ! ,t5acity ( ! p>ts ( ! wat]3 &1 moreov]1 he %all see1 t subtle %iv]s ( ,ebony1 ,/one or ,metall1 :5 !y float1 h n only broak ! ,cont9uity ( ! wat]1 b are ) all _! ?ickness1 "u ! ,surface ( x2 & m & m1 accord+ z ! ,matt]s are m grave3 s t a ?9 ,plate ( ,lead1 %all be l[] ?an ! ,surface ( ! circumfus$ wat]1 by at lea/ twelve times ! ?ickness ( ! ,plate1 & ,gold %all dive bel[ ! ,levell ( ! wat]1 almo/ tw5ty times ! ?ickness ( ! ,plate1 z ,i %all anon decl>e4 ,b let u proce$ to ev9ce1 t ! wat] yields & suff]s x self to be p5etrat$ by e ! lighte/ ,body2 & !re)all demon/rate1 h[1 ev5 by ,matt]s t subm]ge n1 we may come to "k t ,figure op]ates no?+ ab\t ! go+ or n go+ to ! ,bottom1 see+ t ! wat] suff]s x self to be p5etrat$ equally by e ,figure4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,exp]im5t ( a ,cone1 demitt$ ) its ,base1 & aft] ) its ,po9t d[nw>ds4 ,make a ,cone1 or a ,piramis ( ,cypress1 ( ,firre1 or ( o!r ,wood ( l ,gravity1 or ( pure ,wax1 & let its height be some:at great1 namely a h&full1 or m1 & put x into ! wat] ) ! ,base d[nw>ds3 fir/1 y %all see t x w p5etrate ! wat]1 nor %all x be at all imp$$ by ! l>g5ess ( ! ,base1 nor yet %all x s9k all "u wat]1 b ! "p t[>ds ! po9t %all lye above x3 by :i* %all be manife/1 fir/1 t t ,solid =be>es n to s9k out ( an inability to divide ! ,cont9uity ( ! wat]1 hav+ already divid$ x ) its broad "p1 t 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,adv]s>ies is ! less apt to make ! division4 ,! ,piramid be+ ?us fix$1 note :at "p ( x %all be subm]g$1 & rev]t x aft]w>ds ) ! po9t d[nw>ds1 & y %all see t x %all n dive into ! wat] m ?an be=e1 b if y obs]ve h[ f> x %all s9k1 e p]son exp]t 9 ,geometry1 may measure1 t ^? p>ts t rema9 out ( ! wat]1 bo? 9 ! "o & 9 ! o!r ,exp]im5t are equall to an hair3 :5ce he may manife/ly conclude1 t ! acute ,figure :i* seem$ mo/ apt to "p & p5etrate ! wat]1 do? n "p or p5etrate x m ?an ! l>ge & spaci\s4 ,& he t w\ld h a m easie ,exp]im5t1 let him take two ,cyl9d]s ( ! same ,matt]1 "o long & small1 & ! o!r %ort1 b v broad1 & let him put !m 9 ! wat]1 n di/5d$1 b erect & endways3 he %all see1 if he dilig5tly measure ! p>ts ( ! "o & ( ! o!r1 t 9 ea* ( !m ! "p subm]g$1 reta9s exactly ! same proportion to t out ( ! wat]1 & t no great] "p is subm]g$ ( t long & small "o1 ?an ( ! o!r m spaci\s & broad3 h[beit1 ?is re/s ^u a v l>ge1 & t ^u a v little ,sup]ficies ( wat]3 !re=e ! div]sity ( ,figure1 occasione? nei!r facility1 nor difficulty1 9 p>t+ & p5etrat+ ! ,cont9uity ( ! wat]1 &1 consequ5tly1 _c be ! ,cause ( ! ,natation or ,subm]sion4 ,he may likewise discov] ! non op]at+ ( v>iety ( ,figures1 9 aris+ f ! ,bottom ( ! wat]1 t[>ds ! ,surface1 by tak+ ,wax1 & temp]+ x ) a compet5t quantity ( ! fil+s ( ,lead1 s t x may become a consid]able matt] grav] ?an ! wat]3 !n let him make x into a ,ball1 & ?ru/ x unto ! ,bottom ( ! wat]2 & fa/5 to x z mu* ,cork1 or o!r light matt]1 z j s]ve? to raise x1 & draw x t[>ds ! ,surface3 = aft]w>ds *ang+ ! same ,wax into a ?9 ,cake1 or into any o!r ,figure1 t same ,cork %all raise x 9 ! same mann] to a hair4 ,?is sil5ce? n my ,antagoni/s1 b !y say1 t all ! disc\rse hi!rto made by me little importe? to !m1 & t x s]ves _! turn1 t !y h demon/rat$ 9 "o only p>ticul>1 & 9 :at matt]1 & "u :at ,figure please? !m1 namely1 9 a ,bo>d & 9 a ,ball ( ,ebony1 t ?is put 9 ! wat]1 desc5ds to ! ,bottom1 & t /ays atop to swim3 & ! ,matt] be+ ! same1 & ! two ,bodies diff]+ 9 no?+ b 9 ,figure1 !y affirm1 t !y h ) all p]spicuity demon/rat$ & s5sibly manife/$ :at !y und]took2 & la/ly1 t !y h obta9$ _! int5t4 ,nev]!less1 ,i believe1 & ?9ke1 ,i c demon/rate1 t t same ,exp]im5t prove? no?+ aga9/ my ,conclusion4 ,sid5ote3 ,9 ,exp]im5ts ( ,natation1 ! ,solid is to be put into1 n ^u ! wat]4 ,& fir/1 x is false1 t ! ,ball desc5ds1 & ! ,bo>d n3 = ! ,bo>d %all also desc5d1 if y d to bo? ! ,figures1 z ! words ( our ,"q require?2 t is1 if y put !m bo? into ! wat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,"q ( ,natation /at$4 ,! words 7 ^!4 ,t ! ,antagoni/s hav+ an op9ion1 t ! ,figure w\ld alt] ! ,solid ,bodies1 9 relation to ! desc5d+ or n desc5d+1 asc5d+ or n asc5d+ 9 ! same ,m$ium1 z v4 gr4 9 ! same wat]1 9 su* sort1 t1 = ,example1 a ,solid t be+ ( a ,sph]icall ,figure1 %all desc5d to ! ,bottom1 be+ r$uc$ into "s o!r ,figure1 %all n desc5d3 ,i hold+ ! contr>y1 d affirm1 t a ,corporeall ,solid ,body1 :i* r$uc$ into a ,sph]icall ,figure1 or any o!r1 %all g to ! ,bottom1 %all d ! l "u :atsoev] o!r ,figure1 c4 ,sid5ote3 ,place def9$ accord+ to ,ari/otle4 ,b to be 9 ! wat]1 implies to be plac$ 9 ! wat]1 & by ,ari/otles own ,def9ition ( place1 to be plac$1 importe? to be inviron$ by ! ,sup]ficies ( ! ,ambi5t ,body1 !re=e1 !n %all ! two ,figures be 9 ! wat]1 :5 ! ,sup]ficies ( ! wat]1 %all imbrace & inviron !m3 b :5 ! ,adv]s>ies %ew ! ,bo>d ( ,ebony n desc5d+ to ! ,bottom1 !y put x n into ! wat]1 b ^u ! wat]1 :]e be+ by a c]ta9 imp$im5t 7z by & by we w %ew7 reta9$1 x is inviron$1 "p by wat]1 & "p by air1 :i* ?+ is contr>y to our agreem5t1 t 01 t ! ,bodies %\ld be 9 ! wat]1 & n "p 9 wat]1 & "p 9 air4 ,! :i* is aga9 made manife/1 by ! que/ions be+ put z well ab\t ! ?+s :i* g to ! ,bottom1 z ^? :i* arise f ! ,bottom to swimme1 & :o sees n t ?+s plac$ 9 ! ,bottom1 mu/ h wat] ab\t !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,! confutation ( ! ,exp]im5t 9 ! ,ebany4 ,x is n[ to be not$1 t ! ,bo>d ( ,ebany & ! ,ball1 put into ! wat]1 bo? s9k1 b ! ,ball m swiftly1 & ! ,bo>d m sl[ly2 & sl[] & sl[]1 accord+ z x %all be m broad & ?91 & ( ?is ,t>dity ! bread? ( ! ,figure is ! true ,cause3 ,b ^! broad ,bo>ds t sl[ly desc5d1 are ! same1 t be+ put lightly ^u ! wat]1 d swimm3 ,!re=e1 if t 7 true :i* ! ,adv]s>ies affirm1 ! same num]ical ,figure1 w\ld 9 ! same num]icall wat]1 cause "o :ile ,re/1 & ano!r :ile ,t>dity ( ,motion1 :i* is impossible3 = e p]ticul> ,figure :i* desc5ds to ! ,bottom#dc1 ha? ( necessity its own det]m9ate ,t>dity & sl[ness1 prop] & naturall unto x1 accord+ to :i* x move?1 s t e o!r ,t>dity1 great] or less] is improp] to its nature3 if1 !re=e1 a ,bo>d1 z suppose ( a foot squ>e1 desc5de? naturally ) six degrees ( ,t>dity1 x is impossible1 t x %\ld desc5d ) t5 or tw5ty1 unless "s new imp$im5t d arre/ x4 ,mu* less c x1 by reason ( ! same ,figure re/1 & :olly cease to move2 b x is necess>y1 t :5 ev] x re/e?1 !re d "s great] imp$im5t int]v5e ?an ! bread? ( ! ,figure4 ,!re=e1 x mu/ be some:at else1 & n ! ,figure1 t /aye? ! ,bo>d ( ,ebany above wat]1 ( :i* ,figure ! only ,effect is ! ret>dm5t ( ! ,motion1 accord+ to :i* x desc5de? m sl[ly ?an ! ,ball4 ,let x be confess$1 !re=e1 rationally disc\rs+1 t ! true & sole ,cause ( ! ,ebanys go+ to ! ,bottom1 is ! excess ( its ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( ! wat]3 & ! ,cause ( ! great] or less ,t>dity1 ! bread? ( ?is ,figure1 or ! contract$ness ( t3 b ( its ,re/1 x c by no means be all[$1 t ! quallity ( ! ,figure1 is ! ,cause !re(3 aswell1 because1 mak+ ! ,t>dity great]1 accord+ z ! ,figure m dilate?1 !re _c be s imm5se a ,dilatation1 to :i* !re may n be f\nd a correspond5t imm5ce ,t>dity )\t r$us+ x to ,nullity ( ,motion2 z1 because ! ,figures produc$ by ! ,antagoni/s = effect]s ( ,re/1 are ! self same t d also g to ! ,bottom4 #dc ,e p]ticul> ,figure ha? its own peculi> ,t>dity4 ,i w n omit ano!r reason1 f\nd$ also ^u ,exp]i5ce1 & if ,i deceive n my self1 manife/ly conclud+1 h[ t ! ,introduction ( ! bread? or amplitude ( ,figure1 & ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat] aga9/ p5etration1 h no?+ to d 9 ! ,effect ( desc5d+1 or asc5d+1 or re/+ 9 ! wat]4 ,d,take a piece ( wood or o!r ,matt]1 ( :i* a ,ball asc5ds f ! ,bottom ( ! wat] to ! ,surface1 m sl[ly ?an a ,ball ( ,ebony ( ! same bignesse1 s t x is manife/1 t ! ,ball ( ,ebony m readily divide? ! wat] 9 desc5d+1 ?an ! o!r 9 asc5d+2 z = ,example1 let ! ,wood be ,walnut-tree4 ,!n take a ,bo>d ( ,walnut-tree1 l & equall to t ( ,ebony ( ! ,antagoni/s1 :i* swims2 & if x be true1 t ?is floats above wat]1 by reason ( ! ,figure1 unable ?r\gh its bread?1 to pi]ce ! ,crassitude ( ! same1 ! o!r ( ,wallnut-tree1 )\t all "q1 be+ ?ru/ unto ! ,bottom1 w /ay !re1 z less apt1 ?r\gh ! same imp$im5t ( ,figure1 to divide ! said ,resi/ance ( ! wat]4 ,b if we %all f9d1 & by exp]i5ce see1 t n only ! ?9 ,bo>d1 b e o!r ,figure ( ! same ,wallnut-tree w return to float1 z und\bt$ly we %all1 !n ,i mu/ desi] my oppos]s to =be> to attribute ! float+ ( ! ,ebony1 unto ! ,figure ( ! ,bo>d1 9 reg>d t ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat] is ! same1 z well to ! asc5t1 z to ! desc5t1 & ! =ce ( ! ,wallnut-trees asc5sion1 is lesse ?an ! ,ebonys =ce 9 go+ to ! ,bottom4 ,d ,! ,figure ,resi/ance ( ! ,m$ium aga9/ ,division1 h no?+ to d ) ! ,effect ( ,natation or ,subm]sion1 by an ,exp]im5t 9 ,wallnut tree4 ,sid5ote3 ,an ,exp]im5t 9 ,gold1 to prove ! non-op]at+ ( ,figure 9 ,natation & ,subm]sion4 ,nay1 ,i w say m1 t if we %all consid] ,gold 9 comp>ison ( wat]1 we %all f9d1 t x exce$s x 9 ,gravity almo/ tw5ty times1 s t ! ,=ce & ,impetus1 :]e) a ,ball ( ,gold goes to ! ,bottom1 is v great4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re want n matt]s1 z ,virg9s ,wax1 & "s ,woods1 :i* are n above a fiftie? "p less grave ?an wat]1 :]eupon _! ,asc5sion !re9 is v sl[1 & a ?\s& times weak] ?an ! ,impetus ( ! ,golds desc5t3 yet not)/&+1 a plate ( ,gold swims )\t desc5d+ to ! ,bottom1 &1 on ! contr>y1 we _c make a ,cake ( ,wax1 or ?9 ,bo>d ( ,wood1 :i* put 9 ! ,bottom ( ! ,wat]1 %all re/ !re )\t asc5d+4 ,n[ if ! ,figure c ob/ruct ! ,p5etration1 & imp$e ! desc5t ( ,gold1 t ha? s great an ,impetus1 h[ c x *oose b suffice to resi/ ! same ,p5etration ( ! o!r matt] 9 asc5d+1 :5 z x ha? sc>ce a ?\s&? "p ( ! ,impetus t ! ,gold ha? 9 desc5d+8 ,its !re=e1 necess>y1 t t :i* susp5ds ! ?9 ,plate ( ,gold1 or ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 ^u ! wat]1 be "s ?+ t is want+ to ! o!r ,cakes & ,bo>ds ( ,matt]s less grave ?an ! wat]2 s9ce t be+ put to ! ,bottom1 & left at lib]ty1 !y rise up to ! ,surface1 )\t any ob/ruction3 ,b !y want n = flatness & bread? ( ,figure3 ,!re=e1 ! spaci\snesse ( ! ,figure1 is n t :i* makes ! ,gold & ,ebony to swim4 ,&1 because1 t ! excess ( _! ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( ! wat]1 is que/ionless ! ,cause ( ! s9k+ ( ! flat piece ( ,ebony1 & ! ?9 ,plate ( ,gold1 :5 !y g to ! ,bottom1 !re=e1 ( necessity1 :5 !y float1 ! ,cause ( _! /ay+ above wat]1 proce$s f ,levity1 :i* 9 t case1 by "s ,accid5t1 p]adv5ture n hi!rto obs]v$1 come? to meet ) ! said ,bo>d1 r5d]+ x no long] z x 0 be=e1 :il/ x did s9k m pond]\s ?an ! wat]1 b less4 ,n[1 let u return to take ! ?9 ,plate ( ,gold1 or ( ,silv]1 or ! ?9 ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 & let u lay x lightly ^u ! wat]1 s t x /ay !re )\t s9k+1 & dilig5tly obs]ve its effect4 ,& fir/1 see h[ false ! ass]tion ( ,ari/otle1 & our opon5ts is1 to wit1 t x /aye? above wat]1 ?r\gh its unability to pi]ce & p5etrate ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat]s ,crassitude3 = x w manife/ly appe>1 n only t ! said ,plates h p5etrat$ ! wat]1 b also t !y are a consid]able matt] l[] ?an ! ,surface ( ! same1 ! :i* cont9ue? em95t1 & make? z x 7 a ,ramp]t on all sides1 r\nd ab\t ! said ,plates1 ! pr(undity ( :i* !y /ay swimm+3 &1 accord+ z ! said ,plates %all be m grave ?an ! wat]1 two1 f\r1 t5 or tw5ty times1 x is necess>y1 t _! ,sup]ficies d /ay bel[ ! univ]sall ,surface ( ! wat]1 s mu* m1 ?an ! ?ickness ( ^? ,plates1 z we %al m di/9ctly %ew anon4 ,9 ! mean space1 = ! m easie und]/&+ ( :at ,i say1 obs]ve ) me a little ! pres5t ,s*eme3 9 :i* let u suppose ! ,surface ( ! wat] to be di/5d$1 accord+ to ! ,l9es ,f ,l ,d ,b1 ^u :i* if "o %all put a bo>d ( matt] specifically m grave ?an wat]1 b s lightly t x subm]ge n1 x %all n re/ any ?+ above1 b %all ent] ) its :ole ?ickness into ! wat]3 &1 moreov]1 %all s9k also1 z we see by ! ,bo>d ,a ,i1 ,o ,i1 ^: bread? is :olly sunk into ! wat]1 ! little ,ramp]ts ( wat] ,l ,a & ,d ,o incompass+ x1 ^: ,sup]ficies is notably high] ?an ! ,sup]ficies ( ! ,bo>d4 ,see n[ :e!r x be true1 t ! said ,bo>d goes n to ! ,bottom1 z be+ ( ,figure unapt to p5etrate ! ,crassitude ( ! wat]4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,:y solids hav+ p5itrat$ ! ,wat]1 d n proce$ to a totall ,subm]sion4 ,b1 if x ha? already p5etrat$1 & ov]come ! ,cont9uity ( ! wat]1 is ( its own nature m grave ?an ! said wat]1 :y do? x n proce$ 9 its s9k+1 b /op & susp5d its self )9 t little dimple or cavitie1 :i* ) its pond]osity x ha? made 9 ! wat]8 ,i answ]2 because t 9 subm]g+ x self1 s f> z till its ,sup]ficies come to ! ,levell ) t ( ! wat]1 x lose? a "p ( its ,gravity1 & lose? ! re/ ( x z x subm]ge? desc5ds b5ea? ! ,surface ( ! wat]1 :i* make? ,ramp]ts & ,banks r\nd ab\t x1 & x su/a9es ?is loss by means ( its draw+ aft] x1 & c>ry+ along ) x1 ! ,air t is above x1 & by ,contact adh]5t to x1 :i* ,air succe$s to fill ! ,cavity t is inviron$ by ! ,ramp]ts ( wat]2 s t t :i* 9 ?is case desc5ds & is plac$ 9 ! wat]1 is n only ! ,bo>d ( ,ebony or ,plate ( ,iron1 b a composition ( ,ebony & ,air1 f :i* resulte? a ,solid no long] sup]i\r 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 z 0 ! simple ,ebony1 or ! simple ,gold4 ,&1 if we exactly consid]1 :at1 & h[ great ! ,solid is1 t 9 ?is ,exp]im5t ent]s into ! wat]1 & contra/s ) ! ,gravity ( ! same1 x w be f\nd to be all t :i* we f9d to be b5ea? ! ,surface ( ! wat]1 ! :i* is an aggregate & ,comp\nd ( a ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 & ( almo/ ! l quantity ( ,air1 or a ,mass comp\nd$ ( a ,plate ( ,lead1 & t5 or twelve times z mu* ,air4 ,b1 ,g5tlem51 y t are my ,antagoni/s 9 our ,"q1 we require ! ,id5tity ( ,matt]1 & ! alt]ation only ( ! ,figure2 !re=e1 y mu/ remove t ,air1 :i* be+ conjoyn$ ) ! ,bo>d1 makes x become ano!r ,body less grave ?an ! ,wat]1 & put only ! ,ebony into ! ,wat]1 & y %all c]ta9ly see ! ,bo>d desc5d to ! ,bottom2 &1 if t d n happ51 y h got ! day4 ,& to sep]ate ! ,air f ! ,ebony#dd1 !re ne$s no m b only to ba? ! ,sup]ficies ( ! said ,bo>d ) ! same ,wat]3 = ! ,wat] be+ ?us int]pos$ betwe5 ! ,bo>d & ! ,air1 ! o!r circumfus$ ,wat] %all run toge!r )\t any imp$im5t1 & %all receive into x ! sole & b>e ,ebony1 z x 0 to d4 #dd ,h[ to sep]ate ! ,air f ,solids 9 demitt+ !m into ! wat]4 ,b1 me ?9ks ,i he> "s ( ! ,adv]s>ies cunn+ly oppos+ ?is1 & tell+ me1 t !y w n yield1 by any means1 t _! ,bo>d be wett$1 because ! weight add$ !reto by ! ,wat]1 by mak+ x heavi] ?an x 0 be=e1 draws x to ! ,bottom1 & t ! addition ( new weight is contr>y to our agreem5t1 :i* 01 t ! ,matt] be ! same4 ,to ?is1 ,i answ]1 fir/2 t treat+ ( ! op]ation ( ,figure 9 ,bodies put into ! ,wat]1 none c suppose !m to be put into ! ,wat] )\t be+ wet2 nor d ,i desire m to be done to ! ,bo>d1 !n ,i w give y leave to d to ! ,ball4 ,moreov]1 x is untrue1 t ! ,bo>d s9ks by v]tue ( ! new ,weight add$ to x by ! ,wat]1 9 ! s+le & slight ba?+ ( x3 = ,i w put t5 or tw5ty drops ( ,wat] ^u ! same ,bo>d1 :il/ x is su/a9$ ^u ! wat]2 :i* drops1 because n conjoyn$ ) ! o!r ,wat] circumfus$1 %all n s encrease ! weight ( x1 z to make x s9k3 b if ! ,bo>d be+ tak5 out1 & all ! wat] wip$ (f t 0 add$ !reto1 ,i %\ld ba? all its ,sup]ficies ) "o only v small drop1 & put x aga9 ^u ! wat]1 )\t d\bt x %all s9k1 ! o!r ,wat] runn+ to cov] x1 n be+ reta9$ by ! sup]i\r ,air2 :i* ,air by ! int]position ( ! ?9 vail ( wat]1 t takes away its ,contiguity unto ! ,ebony1 %all )\t ,r5it5ce be sep]at$1 nor do? x 9 ! lea/ oppose ! succession ( ! o!r ,wat]3 b r1 to speak bett]1 x %all desc5d freely2 because x %all be all inviron$ & cov]$ ) wat]1 z soon z its sup]i\r ,sup]ficies1 be=e vail$ ) wat]1 do? arrive to ! ,levell ( ! univ]sall ,surface ( ! said wat]4 ,to say1 9 ! next place1 t wat] c encrease ! weight ( ?+s t are demitt$ into x1 is mo/ false2 = wat] ha? no ,gravity 9 wat]#de1 s9ce x desc5ds n3 yea1 if we w\ld well consid] :at any imm5se ,mass ( wat] do? put ^u a grave ,body2 t is plac$ 9 x1 we %all f9d exp]im5tally1 t x1 on ! contr>y1 w r 9 a great "p dem9i% ! weight ( x#df1 & t we may be able to lift an huge ,/one f ! ,bottom ( ! wat]1 :i* ! wat] be+ remov$1 we are n able to /ir4 ,nor let !m tell me by way ( reply1 t al?\gh ! sup]pos$ wat] augm5t n ! ,gravity ( ?+s t are 9 x1 yet x increase? ! pond]osity ( ^? t swim1 & are "p 9 ! wat] & "p 9 ! ,air1 z is se51 = ,example1 9 a ,brass ,ketle#dg1 :i* :il/ x is empty ( wat]1 & repl5i%$ only ) ,air %all swim1 b p\r+ ( ,wat] !re91 x %all become s grave1 t x %all s9k to ! ,bottom1 & t by reason ( ! new weight add$ !reto4 ,to ?is ,i w return answ]1 z above1 t ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 conta9$ 9 ! ,vessel is n t :i* s9ks x to ! ,bottom1 b ! prop] ,gravity ( ! ,brass1 sup]i\r to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,wat]3 = if ! ,vessel 7 less grave ?an wat]1 ! ,ocean w\ld n suffice to subm]ge x#dh4 ,&1 give me leave to repeat x aga91 z ! fundam5tall & pr9cipall po9t 9 ?is ,case1 t ! ,air conta9$ 9 ?is ,vessel be=e ! infusion ( ! ,wat]1 0 t :i* kept x a-float#di1 s9ce t !re 0 made ( x1 & ( ! ,brass1 a ,composition less grave ?an an equall quantity ( ,wat]3 & ! place t ! ,vessel occupye? 9 ! ,wat] :il/ x floats1 is n equall to ! ,brass alone1 b to ! ,brass & to ! ,air toge!r1 :i* fille? t "p ( ! ,vessel t is bel[ ! ,levell ( ! wat]3 ,moreov]1 :5 ! ,wat] is infus$1 ! ,air is remov$1 & !re is a composition made ( ,brass & ( wat]1 m grave 9 specie ?an ! simple wat]1 b n by v]tue ( ! wat] infus$1 z hav+ great] ,specifick ,gravity ?an ! o!r wat]1 b ?r\gh ! prop] ,gravity ( ! ,brass1 & ?r\gh ! ali5ation ( ! ,air4 ,n[1 z he t %\ld say t ,brass1 t by its nature goes to ! ,bottom1 be+ =m$ into ! ,figure ( a ,ketle#ej1 acquire? f t ,figure a v]tue ( ly+ 9 ! ,wat] )\t s9k+1 w\ld say t :i* is false2 because t ,brass fa%ion$ into any :atev] ,figure1 goe? always to ! ,bottom1 provid$1 t t :i* is put into ! wat] be simple ,brass2 & x is n ! ,figure ( ! ,vessel t makes ! ,brass to float1 b x is because t t is n purely ,brass :i* is put into ! wat]1 b an aggregate ( ,brass & ( ,air3 s is x nei!r m nor less false1 t a ?9 ,plate ( ,brass or ( ,ebony1 swims by v]tue ( its dilat$ broad ,figure3 = ! tru? is1 t x b>es up )\t subm]g+1 because t t :i* is put 9 ! wat]1 is n pure ,brass or simple ,ebony1 b an aggregate ( ,brass & ,air1 or ( ,ebony & ,air4 ,&1 ?is is n contr>y unto my ,conclusion1 ! :i*1 7hav+ _m a "t se5 ,vessels ( ,mettall1 & ?9 pieces ( div]se grave ,matt]s float1 by v]tue ( ! ,air conjoyn$ ) !m7 did affirm1 ,t ,figure 0 n ! ,cause ( ! ,natation or ,subm]sion ( su* ,solids z 7 plac$ 9 ! wat]4 ,nay m1 ,i _c omit1 b mu/ tell my ,antagoni/s1 t ?is new conceit ( d5y+ t ! ,sup]ficies ( ! ,bo>d %\ld be ba!d1 may beget 9 a ?ird p]son an op9ion ( a pov]ty ( ,argum5ts ( def5ce on _! "p1 s9ce t su* ba?+ 0 nev] insi/$ ^u by !m 9 ! beg9n+ ( our ,dispute1 & 0 n que/ion$ 9 ! lea/1 be+ t ! ,orig9all ( ! disc\rse arose ^u ! swim+ ( ,flakes ( ,ice1 :]e9 x w\ld be simplicity to require t _! ,sup]ficies might b$ry3 besides1 t :e!r ^! pieces ( ,ice be wet or dry !y alwayes swim1 & z ! ,adv]s>ies say1 by reason ( ! ,figure4 #de ,wat] ha? no ,gravity 9 ,wat]4 #df ,wat] dem9i%e? ! ,gravity ( ,solids imm]g$ !re94 #dg ,! ,exp]im5t ( a brass ,ketle swim+ :5 empty1 s9k+ :5 full1 all$g$ to prove t wat] gravitates 9 wat]1 answ]$4 #dh ,an ,ocean suffice? n to s9k a ,vessel specifically less grave ?an wat]4 #di ,air1 ! ,cause ( ! ,natation ( empty ,vessels ( ,matt]s grav] 9 specie ?an ! wat]4 #ej ,nei!r ,figure1 nor ! bread? ( ,figure1 is ! ,cause ( ,natation4 ,"s p]adv5ture1 by way ( def5ce1 may say1 t wett+ ! ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 & t 9 ! sup]i\r ,sup]ficies1 x w\ld1 ?\gh ( x self unable to pi]ce & p5etrate ! wat]1 be born d[nw>ds1 if n by ! weight ( ! additionall wat]1 at lea/ by t desire & prop5sion t ! sup]i\r p>ts ( ! wat] h to re-unite & rejoyn !mselves3 by ! ,motion ( :i* p>ts1 ! said ,bo>d come? 9 a c]ta9 mann]1 to be depress$ d[nw>ds4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,ba!d ,solid desc5ds n out ( any affectation ( union 9 ! upp] p>ts ( ! wat]4 ,?is weak ,refuge w be remov$1 if we d b consid]1 t ! repugnancy ( ! inf]i\r p>ts ( ! wat]1 is z great aga9/ ,dis-union1 z ! ,incl9ation ( its sup]i\r p>ts is to union3 nor c ! up] unite !mselves )\t depress+ ! bo>d1 nor c x desc5d )\t disunit+ ! p>ts ( ! ne!r ,wat]3 s t x do? foll[1 by necess>y consequ5ce1 t = ^? respects1 x %all n desc5d4 ,moreov]1 ! same t may be said ( ! upp] p>ts ( ! wat]1 may ) equall reason be said ( ! ne!r1 namely1 t desir+ to unite1 !y %all =ce ! said ,bo>d upw>ds4 ,happily1 "s ( ^! ,g5tlem5 t diss5t f me1 w wond]1 t ,i affirm1 t ! contigu\s sup]i\r ,air is able to su/a9 t ,plate ( ,brass or ( ,silv]1 t /aye? above wat]2 z if ,i w\ld 9 a c]ta9 s5ce all[ ! ,air#ea1 a k9d ( ,magnetick v]tue ( su/a9+ ! grave ,bodies1 ) :i* x is contigu\s4 ,to satisfie all ,i may1 to all d\bts1 ,i h be5 consid]+ h[ by "s o!r s5sible ,exp]im5t ,i might demon/rate1 h[ truly t little contigu\s & sup]i\r ,air su/a9es ^? ,solids1 :i* be+ by nature apt to desc5d to ! ,bottom1 be+ plac$ lightly on ! wat] subm]ge n1 unless !y be fir/ ?or[ly ba!d2 & h f\nd1 t "o ( ^! ,bodies hav+ desc5d$ to ! ,bottom1 by conveigh+ to x 7)\t t\*+ x 9 ! lea/7 a little ,air1 :i* conjoyne? ) ! top ( ! same1 x become? suffici5t1 n only1 z be=e to su/a9 x1 b also to raise x1 & to c>ry x back to ! top1 :]e x /ays & abide? 9 ! same mann]1 till su* "t1 z ! assi/ance ( ! conjoyn$ ,air is tak5 away4 ,& to ?is effect1 ,i h tak5 a ,ball ( ,wax1 & made x ) a little ,lead1 s grave1 t x leasurely desc5ds to ! ,bottom1 mak+ ) all its ,sup]ficies v smoo? & pollite3 & ?is be+ put g5tly into ! wat]1 almo/ :olly subm]ge?1 !re rema9+ vissible only a little ( ! v top#eb1 ! :i* s long z x is conjoyn$ ) ! ,air1 %all reta9 ! ,ball a-top1 b ! ,contiguity ( ! ,air tak5 away by wett+ x1 x %all desc5d to ! ,bottom & !re rema94 ,n[ to make x by v]tue ( ! ,air1 t be=e su/a9$ x to return aga9 to ! top1 & /ay !re1 ?ru/ into ! wat] a ,glass rev]s$ ) ! m\? d[nw>ds1 ! :i* %all c>ry ) x ! ,air x conta9s1 & move ?is t[>ds ! ,ball1 abas+ x till su* "t t y see1 by ! transp>5cy ( ! ,glass1 t ! conta9$ ,air d arrive to ! summity ( ! ,ball#ec3 !n g5tly )draw ! ,glass upw>ds1 & y %all see ! ,ball to rise1 & aft]w>ds /ay on ! top ( ! wat]#ed1 if y c>efully "p ! ,glass & ! wat] )\t ov]mu* commov+ & di/urb+ x4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 a c]ta9 aff9ity betwe5 ! ,air & o!r ,bodies1 :i* holds !m uni$1 s1 t !y sep]ate n )\t a k9d ( viol5ce4 ,! same likewise is se5 9 ! wat]#ee2 = if we %all :olly subm]ge "s ,body 9 x1 s t x be ?or[ly ba!d1 9 ! draw+ ( x aft]w>ds g5tly out aga91 we %all see ! wat] foll[ x1 & rise notably above its ,surface1 be=e x sep]ates f x4 ,solid ,bodies1 also#ef1 if !y be equall & alike 9 ,sup]ficies1 s1 t !y make an exact ,contact )\t ! int]position ( ! lea/ ,air1 t may "p !m 9 ! sep]ation & yield untill t ! ambi5t ,m$ium succe$s to repl5i% ! place1 d hold v firmly conjoyn$1 & are n to be sep]at$ )\t great =ce b1 because1 ! ,air1 ,wat]1 & o!r ,liquids1 v exp$iti\sly %ape !mselves to contact ) any ,solid ,bodies1 s t _! ,sup]ficies d exquisitely adopt !mselves to t ( ! ,solids1 )\t any ?+ rema9+ betwe5 !m1 !re=e1 ! effect ( ?is ,conjunction & ,adh]5ce is m manife/ly & frequ5tly obs]v$ 9 !m1 ?an 9 h>d & inflexible ,bodies1 ^: ,sup]ficies d v r>ely conjoyn ) exactness ( ,contact#eg4 ,?is is !re=e t ,magnetick v]tue1 :i* ) firm ,connection conjoyne? all ,bodies1 t d t\* )\t ! int]position ( flexible fluids2 &1 :o kn[s1 b t t a ,contact1 :5 x is v exact1 may be a suffici5t ,cause ( ! ,union & ,cont9uity ( ! p>ts ( a naturall ,body8 #ea ,a ,magnetisme 9 ! ,air1 by :i* x be>s up ^? ,solids 9 ! wat]1 t are contigu\s ) x4 #eb ,! ,effect ( ! ,airs ,contiguity 9 ! ,natation ( ,solids4 #ec ,! =ce ( ,contact4 #ed ,an ,affectation ( ,conjunction betwixt ,solids & ! ,air contigu\s to !m4 #ee ,! l affectation ( ,conjunction betwixt ,solids ! wat]4 #ef ,also ! l affectation & ,conjunction betwixt ,solids !mselves4 #eg ,contact may be ! ,cause ( ! ,cont9uity ( ,naturall ,bodies4 ,n[1 pursu+ my purpose1 ,i say2 t x ne$s n1 t we h rec\rse to ! ,t5acity1 t ! p>ts ( ! wat] h among/ !mselves1 by :i* !y resi/ & oppose ,division1 ,di/raction1 & ,sep]ation1 because !re is no su* ,coh]5ce & ,resi/ance ( ,division = if !re 71 x w\ld be no less 9 ! int]nall p>ts ?an 9 ^? ne>] ! sup]i\r or ext]nall ,surface1 s t ! same ,bo>d1 f9d+ alwayes ! same ,resi/ance & ,r5it5ce1 w\ld no less /op 9 ! middle ( ! wat] ?an ab\t ! ,surface1 :i* is false4 ,moreov]1 :at ,resi/ance c we place 9 ! ,cont9uity ( ! wat]1 if we see t x is impossible to f9d any ,body ( :atsoev] ,matt]1 ,figure or ,magnitude1 :i* be+ put into ! wat]1 %all be ob/ruct$ & imp$$ by ! ,t5acity ( ! p>ts ( ! wat] to "o ano!r1 s1 b t x is mov$ upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 accord+ z ! ,cause ( _! ,motion transports x8 ,&1 :at great] pro( ( x c we desi]1 ?an t :i* we daily see 9 ,muddy wat]s1 :i* be+ put into ,vessels to be drunk1 & be+1 aft] "s h\rs setl+#eh1 /ill1 z we say1 ?ick 9 ! end1 aft] f\r or six dayes !y are :olly setl$1 & become pure & cle>8 ,nor c _! ,resi/ance ( ,p5etration /ay ^? impalpable & ins5sible ,atomes ( ,s&1 :i* by reason ( _! exce$+ small =ce1 sp5d six dayes 9 desc5d+ ! space ( half a y>d4 #eh ,! settlem5t ( ,muddy ,wat]1 prove? t t ,elem5t ha? no av]sion to ,division4 ,nor let !m say1 t ! see+ ( su* small ,bodies1 consume six dayes 9 desc5d+ s little a way1 is a suffici5t ,argum5t ( ! ,wat]s ,resi/ance ( ,division2 because t is no resi/+ ( ,division1 b a ret>d+ ( ,motion2 & x w\ld be simplicity to say1 t a ?+ oppose? ,division#ei1 & t 9 ! same in/ant1 x p]mits x self to be divid$3 nor do? ! ,ret>dation ( ,motion at all fav\r ! ,adv]s>ies cause1 = t !y are to in/ance 9 a ?+ t :olly prohibite? ,motion1 & procure? ,re/2 x is necess>y1 !re=e1 to f9d out ,bodies t /ay 9 ! wat]1 if "o w\ld %ew its repugnancy to ,division1 & n su* z move 9 x1 h[beit b sl[ly4 #ei ,wat] _c oppose division1 & at ! same "t p]mit x self to be divid$4 ,:at !n is ?is ,crassitude ( ! wat]1 ) :i* x resi/e? ,division8 ,:at1 ,i besee* y1 %\ld x be1 if we 7z we h said above7 ) all dilig5ce attempt+ ! r$uction ( a ,matt] into s l a ,gravity ) ! wat]1 t =m+ x into a dilat$ ,plate x re/s susp5d$ z we h said1 betwe5 ! two wat]s1 x be impossible to effect x1 ?\gh we br+ !m to su* an ,equipond]ance1 t z mu* ,lead z ! f\r? "p ( a ,gra9 ( ,mu/]d-se$1 add$ to ! same exp&$ ,plate1 t 9 ,air i4 e4 out ( ! wat] %all weigh f\r or six p\nds1 s9ke? x to ! ,bottom1 & be+ sub/ract$1 x asc5ds to ! ,surface ( ! wat]8 ,i _c see1 7if :at ,i say be true1 z x is mo/ c]ta97 :at m9ute v]tue & =ce we c possibly f9d or imag9e1 to :i* ! ,resi/ance ( ! wat] aga9/ ,division & ,p5etration is n inf]i\r2 :]eupon1 we mu/ ( necessity conclude t x is no?+3 because1 if x 7 ( any s5sible p[]1 "s l>ge ,plate might be f\nd or comp\nd$ ( a ,matt] alike 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 :i* n only w\ld /ay betwe5 ! two wat]s2 b1 moreov]1 %\ld n be able to desc5d or asc5d )\t notable =ce4 ,we may likewise collect ! same f an o!r ,exp]im5t#fj1 %ew+ t ! ,wat] gives way also 9 ! same mann] to transv]sall ,division2 = if 9 a setl$ & /&+ wat] we %\ld place any great ,mass t goe? n to ! bottom1 draw+ x ) a s+le ,womans ,hair1 we might c>ry x f place to place )\t any opposition1 & ?is :atev] ,figure x ha?1 ?\gh t x possess a great space ( wat]1 z = in/ance1 a great ,beam w\ld d mov$ side-ways4 ,p]haps "s might oppose me & say1 t if ! ,resi/ance ( wat] aga9/ ,division1 z ,i affirm1 7 no?+2 ,%ips %\ld n ne$ su* a =ce ( ,o>s & ,sayles = ! mov+ ( !m f place to place 9 a tranquile ,sea1 or /&+ ,lake4 ,to him t %\ld make su* an objection1 ,i w\ld reply#fa1 t ! wat] contra/e? n aga9/1 nor simply resi/e? ,division1 b a sudd5 ,division1 & ) s mu* great] ,r5it5ce1 by h[ mu* great] ! ,velocity is3 & ! ,cause ( ?is ,resi/ance dep5ds n on ,crassitude1 or any o!r ?+ t absolutely oppose? ,division1 b because t ! p>ts ( ! wat] divid$1 9 giv+ way to t ,solid t is mov$ 9 x1 are !mselves also necessitat$ locally to move1 "s to ! "o side1 & "s to ! o!r1 & "s d[nw>ds3 & ?is mu/ no less be done by ! waves be=e ! ,%ip1 or o!r ,body swimm+ ?r\gh ! wat]1 ?an by ! po/]i\r & subsequ5t2 because1 ! ,%ip proce$+ =w>ds1 to make x self a way to receive its ,bulk1 x is requisite1 t ) ! ,pr[ x repulse ! adjac5t p>ts ( ! wat]1 z well on "o h& z on ! o!r1 & t x move !m z mu* transv]sly1 z is ! half ( ! bread? ( ! ,hull3 & ! l removall mu/ ^? waves make1 t succe$+ ! ,p\mp d run f ! remot] p>ts ( ! ,%ip t[>ds ^? ( ! middle1 successively to repl5i% ! places1 :i* ! ,%ip 9 advanc+ =w>ds1 goe?1 leav+ vacant4 ,n[1 because1 all ,motitions are made 9 ,"t#fb1 & ! long] 9 great] "t3 & x be+ moreov] true1 t ^? ,bodies t 9 a c]ta9 "t are mov$ by a c]ta9 p[] su* a c]ta9 space1 %all n be mov$ ! same space1 & 9 a %ort] ,"t1 unless by a great] ,p[]3 !re=e1 ! broad] ,%ips move sl[] ?an ! n>r[]1 be+ put on by an equall ,=ce3 & ! same ,vessel requires s mu* great] =ce ( ,w9d1 or ,o>s1 ! fa/] x is to move4 #fj ,an hair w draw a great ,mass ?or[ ! ,wat]2 :i* prove?1 t x ha? no ,resi/ance aga9/ transv]sall ,division4 #fa ,h[ %ips are mov$ 9 ! wat]4 #fb ,bodies mov$ a c]ta9 space 9 a c]ta9 ,"t1 by a c]ta9 p[]1 _c be mov$ ! same space & 9 a %ort] "t1 b by a great] p[]4 ,b yet = all ?is1 any great ,mass swimm+ 9 a /&+ ,lake1 may be mov$ by any petit =ce2 only x is true1 t a less] =ce m sl[ly moves x3 b if ! wat]s ,resi/ance ( ,division1 7 9 any mann] s5sible1 x w\ld foll[1 t ! said ,mass1 %\ld1 not)/&+ ! p]cussion ( "s s5sible =ce1 cont9ue immoveable1 :i* is n s#fc4 ,yea1 ,i w say f>!r1 t %\ld we retire our selves into ! m int]nall contemplation ( ! ,nature ( wat] & o!r ,fluids1 p]haps we %\ld discov] ! ,con/itution ( _! p>ts to be su*1 t !y n only d n oppose ,division1 b t !y h n any ?+ 9 !m to be divid$3 s t ! ,resi/ance t is obs]v$ 9 mov+ ?r\gh ! wat]#fd1 is l to t :i* we meet ) 9 pass+ ?r\gh a great ,?rong ( ,p1 :]e9 we f9d imp$im5t1 & n by any difficulty 9 ! ,division1 = t none ( ^? p]sons are divid$ :]e( ! ,cr\d is compos$1 b only 9 mov+ ( ^? p]sons side-ways :i* 7 be=e divid$ & disjoyn$3 & ?us we f9d ,resi/ance 9 ?ru/+ a ,/ick into an heap ( ,s&1 n because any "p ( ! ,s& is to be cut 9 pieces1 b only to be mov$ & rais$#fe4 ,two mann]s ( ,p5etration1 !re=e1 (f] !mselves to u1 "o 9 ,bodies1 ^: p>ts 7 cont9uall1 & "h ,division seeme? necess>y1 ! o!r 9 ! aggregates ( p>ts n cont9uall1 b contigu\s only#ff1 & "h !re is no necessity ( divid+ b ( mov+ only4 ,n[1 ,i am n well resolv$1 :e!r wat] & o!r ,fluids may be e/eem$ to be ( p>ts cont9uall or contigu\s only#fg2 yet ,i f9d my self inde$ incl9$ to ?9k t !y are r contigu\s 7if !re be 9 ,nature no o!r mann] ( aggregat+1 ?an by ! union1 or by ! t\*+ ( ! extreams37 & ,i am induc$ !reto by ! great diff]5ce t ,i see betwe5 ! ,conjunction ( ! p>ts ( an h>d or ,solid ,body#fh1 & ! ,conjunction ( ! same p>ts :5 ! same ,body %all be made ,liquid & ,fluid3 = if1 = example1 ,i take a ,mass ( ,silv] or o!r ,solid & h>d ,mettall1 ,i %all 9 divid+ x into two p>ts1 f9d n only ! resi/ance t is f\nd 9 ! mov+ ( x only#fi1 b an o!r incomp>ably great]1 dep5d5t on t v]tue1 :atev] x be1 :i* holds ! p>ts unit$3 & s if we w\ld divide aga9 ^? two p>ts into o!r two1 & successively into o!rs & o!rs1 we %\ld /ill f9d a l ,resi/ance1 b ev] less by h[ mu* small] ! p>ts to be divid$ %all be2 b if1 la/ly1 employ+ mo/ subtile & acute ,in/rum5ts1 su* z are ! mo/ t5u\s p>ts ( ! ,fire1 we %all resolve x 7p]haps7 into its la/ & lea/ ,p>ticles1 !re %all n be left 9 !m any long] ei!r ,resi/ance ( ,division1 or s mu* z a capacity ( be+ f>!r divid$1 especially by ,in/rum5ts m grosse ?an ! acuities ( ,fire3 & :at ,knife or ,rasor put into well melt$ ,silv] c we f9de1 t w divide a ?+ :i* surpasse? ! sep>at+ p[] ( ,fire8 ,c]ta9ly none3 because ei!r ! :ole %all be r$uc$ to ! mo/ m9ute & ultimate ,divisions1 or if !re rema9 p>ts capable /ill ( o!r ,subdidivisions1 !y _c receive !m1 b only f acut] ,divisors ?an ,fire2 b a ,/ick or ,rod ( ,iron1 mov$ 9 ! melt$ ,metall1 is n su* a "o4 ,( a l ,con/itution & ,consi/5ce1 ,i acc\nt ! p>ts ( ,wat]#gj1 & o!r ,liquids to be1 namely1 incapable ( ,division by reason ( _! ,i5uity2 or if n absolutely indivisible1 yet at lea/ n to be divid$ by a ,bo>d1 or o!r ,solid ,body1 palpable unto ! h&1 ! ,sector be+ alwayes requir$ to be m %>p ?an ! ,solid to be cut4 ,solid ,bodies1 !re=e1 d only move1 & n divide ! ,wat]#ga1 :5 put into x2 ^: p>ts be+ be=e divid$ to ! extreame/ m9uity1 & !re=e capable ( be+ mov$1 ei!r _m ( !m at once1 or few1 or v few1 !y soon give place to e small ,corpuscle1 t desc5ds 9 ! same3 = t1 x be+ little & light1 desc5d+ 9 ! ,air1 & arriv+ to ! ,surface ( ! ,wat]1 x meets ) ,p>ticles ( ,wat] m small1 & ( less ,resi/ance aga9/ ,motion & ,extrusion1 ?an is its own prem5t & extrusive =ce2 :]eupon x subm]ge?1 & move? su* a portion ( !m1 z is proportionate to its ,p[]4 ,!re is n1 !re=e1 any ,resi/ance 9 ,wat] aga9/ ,division1 nay1 !re is n 9 x any divisible p>ts4 ,i adde2 moreov]1 t 9 case yet !re %\ld be any small ,resi/ance f\nd 7:i* is absolutely false7#gb haply 9 attempt+ ) an ,hair to move a v great natant ,ma*9e1 or 9 essay+ by ! addition ( "o small ,gra9 ( ,lead to s9k1 or by removall ( x to raise a v broad ,plate ( ,matt]1 equall 9 ,gravity ) ,wat]1 7:i* likewise w n happ51 9 case we proce$ ) dext]ity7 we may obs]ve t t ,resi/ance is a v diff]5t ?+ f t :i* ! ,adv]s>ies produce = ! ,cause ( ! ,natation ( ! ,plate ( ,lead or ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 = t "o may make a ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 :i* be+ put ^u ! ,wat] swimme?1 & _c be subm]g$1 no n by ! addition ( an hundr$ ,gra9s ( ,lead put ^u ! same1 & aft]w>ds be+ ba!d1 n only s9ks1 ?\gh ! said ,lead be tak5 away1 b ?\gh moreov] a quantity ( ,cork1 or ( "s o!r light ,body fa/5$ to x1 suffice? n to h9d] x f s9k+ unto ! bottome3 s t y see1 t al?\gh x 7 grant$ t !re is a c]ta9 small ,resi/ance ( ,division f\nd 9 ! sub/ance ( ! ,wat]1 yet ?is ha? no?+ to d ) t ,cause :i* supports ! ,bo>d above ! ,wat]1 ) a ,resi/ance an hundr$ times great] ?an t :i* m5 c f9d 9 ! p>ts ( ! ,wat]3 nor let !m tell me1 t only ! ,surface ( ! ,wat] ha? su* ,resi/ance#gc1 & n ! int]nall p>ts1 or t su* ,resi/ance is f\nd greate/ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,subm]sion1 z x also seems t 9 ! beg9n+1 ,motion meets ) great] opposition1 ?an 9 ! cont9uance ( x2 because1 fir/1 ,i w p]mit1 t ! ,wat] be /irr$1 & t ! sup]i\r p>ts be m+l$ ) ! middle#gd1 & inf]i\r p>ts1 or t ^? above be :olly remov$1 & ^? 9 ! middle only made use (f1 & yet y %all see ! effect = all t1 to be /ill ! same3 ,moreov]1 t ,hair :i* draws a ,beam ?r\gh ! ,wat]1 is likewise to divide ! upp]p>ts1 & is also to beg9 ! ,motion1 & yet x beg9s x1 & yet x divides x3 & f9ally1 let ! ,bo>d ( ,ebony be put 9 ! midway1 betwixt ! bottome & ! top ( ! ,wat]1 & let x !re = a:ile be susp5d$ & setl$1 & aft]w>ds let x be left at lib]ty1 & x w in/antly beg9 its ,motion1 & w cont9ue x unto ! bottome4 ,nay1 m1 ! ,bo>d s soon z x is dimitt$ ^u ! ,wat]1 ha? n only begun to move & divide x1 b is = a good space dim]g$ into x4 #fc ,! p>ts ( ,liquids1 s f>re f resi/+ ,division1 t !y conta9 n any ?+ t may be divid$4 #fd ,! ,resi/ance a ,solid f9de? 9 mov+ ?r\gh ! wat]1 l to t we meet ) 9 pass+ ?r\gh a ?rong ( p3 #fe ,or 9 ?ru/+ a ,/ick into an heap ( ,s&4 #ff ,two k9ds ( ,p5etration1 "o 9 ,bodies cont9uall1 ! o!r 9 ,bodies only contigu\s4 #fg ,wat] consi/s n ( cont9uall1 b only ( contigu\s p>ts4 #fh ,see :at satisfaction he ha? giv51 z to ?is po9t1 9 ,lib4 de ,motu4 ,dial4 #b4 #fi ,great diff]5ce betwixt ! ,conjunction ( ! p>ts ( a ,body :5 ,solid1 & :5 fluid4 #gj ,wat] consi/s ( p>ts t admit ( no f>!r division4 #ga ,solids dimitt$ into ! wat]1 d onely move1 & n divide x4 #gb ,if !re 7 any ,resi/ance ( ,division 9 wat]1 x mu/ ne$s be small1 9 t x is ov]come by an ,hair1 a ,gra9 ( ,lead1 or a slight ba?+ ( ! ,solid4 #gc ,! up] p>ts ( ! ,wat]1 d no m resi/ ,division ?an ! middle or l[] p>ts4 #gd ,wat]s ,resi/ance ( division1 n great] 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,subm]sion4 ,let u receive x1 !re=e1 = a true & und\bt$ ,conclusion1 ,t ! ,wat] ha? n any ,r5it5ce aga9/ simple ,division1 & t x is n possible to f9d any ,solid ,body1 be x ( :at ,figure x w1 :i* be+ put into ! ,wat]1 its ,motion upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 accord+ z x exce$e?1 or %all be exce$$ by ! ,wat] 9 ,gravity 7al?\gh su* excesse & diff]5ce be ins5sible7 %all be prohibit$1 & tak5 away1 by ! ,crassitude ( ! said ,wat]4 ,:51 !re=e1 we see ! ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 or ( o!r ,matt]1 m grave ?an ! ,wat]1 to /ay 9 ! ,conf9es ( ! ,wat] & ,air1 )\t subm]g+1 we mu/ h rec\rse to "s o!r ,orig9all1 = ! inve/+ ! ,cause ( t ,effect1 ?an to ! bread? ( ! ,figure1 unable to ov]come ! ,r5it5ce ) :i* ! ,wat] oppose? ,division1 s9ce !re is no ,resi/ance2 & f t :i* is n 9 be+1 we c expect no ,action4 ,x rema9s mo/ true1 !re=e1 z we h said be=e1 t ?is s succ$s1 = t t :i* 9 su* mann] put ^u ! wat]1 n ! same ,body ) t :i* is put into ! ,wat]3 because ?is :i* is put into ! ,wat]1 is ! pure ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 :i* = t x is m grave ?an ! ,wat]1 s9ke?1 & t :i* is put ^u ! ,wat]1 is a ,composition ( ,ebony1 & ( s mu* ,air1 t bo? toge!r are specifically less grave ?an ! ,wat]1 & !re=e !y d n desc5d4 ,i w f>!r confirm ?is :i* ,i say4 ,g5tlem51 my ,antagoni/s1 we are agre$1 t ! excess or defect ( ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid1 unto ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 is ! true & prop] ,cause ( ,natation or ,subm]sion4 ,sid5ote3 ,great ,caution to be _h 9 exp]im5t+ ! op]ation ( ,figure 9 ,natation4 ,n[1 if y w %ew t besides ! =m] ,cause1 !re is ano!r :i* is s p[]full1 t x c h9d] & remove ! ,subm]sion ( ^? v ,solids1 t by _! ,gravity s9k1 & if y w say1 t ?is is ! bread? or ampl5ess ( ,figure1 y are oblieg$1 :5 ev] y w\ld %ew su* an ,exp]im5t1 fir/ to make ! circum/ances c]ta91 t t ,solid :i* y put into ! ,wat]1 be n less grave 9 specie ?an x1 = if y %\ld n d s1 any "o might ) reason say1 t n ! ,figure1 b ! ,levity 0 ! cause ( t ,natation4 ,b ,i say1 t :5 y %all dimit a ,bo>d ( ,ebony into ! ,wat]1 y d n put !re9 a ,solid m grave 9 specie ?an ! ,wat]1 b "o light]1 = besides ! ,ebony1 !re is 9 ! ,wat] a ,mass ( ,air1 unit$ ) ! ,ebony1 & su*1 & s light1 t ( bo? !re results a ,composition less grave ?an ! ,wat]3 ,see1 !re=e1 t y remove ! ,air1 & put ! ,ebony alone into ! ,wat]1 = s y %all imm]ge a ,solid m grave !n ! ,wat]1 & if ?is %all n g to ! ,bottom1 y h well ,philosophiz$ & ,i ill4 ,n[1 s9ce we h f\nd ! true ,cause ( ! ,natation ( ^? ,bodies1 :i* o!rwise1 z be+ grav] ?an ! ,wat]1 w\ld desc5d to ! bottom1 ,i ?9k1 t = ! p]fect & di/9ct k ( ?is bus9ess1 x w\ld be good to proce$ 9 a way ( discov]+ demon/ratively ^? p>ticul> ,accid5ts t d att5d ^! effects1 &1 ,,probl4 ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,to f9de ! proportion ,figures ought to h to ! wat]s ,gravity1 t by help ( ! contigu\s ,air1 !y may swim4 ,to f9de :at proportion sev]all ,figures ( diff]5t ,matt]s ought to h1 unto ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 t s !y may be able by v]tue ( ! ,contigu\s ,air to /ay afloat4 ,illu/ration ,let1 !re=e1 = bett] illu/ration1 ,d ,f ,n ,e be a ,vessell1 :]e9 ! wat] is conta9$1 & suppose a ,plate or ,bo>d1 ^: ?ickness is compreh5d$ betwe5 ! ,l9es ,i ,c & ,o ,s1 & let x be ( ,matt] exce$+ ! wat] 9 ,gravity1 s t be+ put ^u ! wat]1 x dim]ge? & abase? bel[ ! ,levell ( ! said wat]1 leav+ ! little ,banks ,a ,i & ,b ,c1 :i* are at ! greate/ height !y c be1 s t if ! ,plate ,i ,s %\ld b desc5d any little space f>!r1 ! little ,banks or ,ramp>ts w\ld no long] consi/1 b expuls+ ! ,air ,a ,i ,c ,b1 !y w\ld diffuse !mselves ov] ! ,sup]ficies ,i ,c1 & w\ld subm]ge ! ,plate4 ,! height ,a ,i ,b ,c is !re=e ! greate/ pr(undity t ! little ,banks ( wat] admit (4 ,n[ ,i say1 t f ?is1 & f ! proportion 9 ,gravity1 t ! ,matt] ( ! ,plate ha? to ! wat]1 we may easily f9de ( :at ?ickness1 at mo/1 we may make ! said ,plates1 to ! end1 !y may be able to be> up above wat]3 = if ! ,matt] ( ! ,plate or ,bo>d ,i ,s 71 = ,example1 z heavy aga9 z ! wat]1 a ,bo>d ( t ,matt] %all be1 at ! mo/ ( a ?ickness equall to ! greate/ height ( ! ,banks1 t is1 z ?ick z ,a ,i is high3 :i* we w ?us demon/rate4 ,let ! ,solid ,i ,s be d\ble 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 & let x be a regul> ,prisme1 or ,cyl9d]1 to wit1 t ha? its two flat ,sup]ficies1 sup]i\r & inf]i\r1 alike & equall1 & at ,"r ,angles ) ! o!r lat]all ,sup]ficies1 & let its ?ickness ,i ,o be equall to ! greate/ ,altitude ( ! ,banks ( wat]3 ,i say1 t if x be put ^u ! wat]1 x w n subm]ge3 = ! ,altitude ,a ,i be+ equall to ! ,altitude ,i ,o1 ! ,mass ( ! ,air ,a ,b ,c ,i %all be equall to ! ,mass ( ! ,solid ,c ,i ,o ,s3 & ! :ole ,mass ,a ,o ,s ,b d\ble to ! ,mass ,i ,s2 ,& s9ce ! ,mass ( ! ,air ,a ,c1 nei!r encrease? nor dim9i%e? ! ,gravity ( ! ,mass ,i ,s1 & ! ,solid ,i ,s 0 suppos$ d\ble 9 ,gravity to ! wat]2 ,!re=e z mu* wat] z ! ,mass subm]g$ ,a ,o ,s ,b1 comp\nd$ ( ! ,air ,a ,i ,c ,b1 & ( ! ,solid ,i ,o ,s ,c1 weighs j z mu* z ! same subm]g$ ,mass ,a ,o ,s ,b3 b :5 su* a ,mass ( wat]1 z is ! subm]g$ "p ( ! ,solid1 weighs z mu* z ! said ,solid1 x desc5ds n f>!r1 b re/e?1 z by 7a7 ,ar*im$es#ge1 & above by u1 ha? be5 demon/rat$3 ,!re=e1 ,i ,s %all desc5d no f>!r1 b %all re/4 ,& if ! ,solid ,i ,s %all be ,sesquialt] 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 x %all float1 z long z its ?ickness be n above twice z mu* z ! greate/ ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>ts ( wat]1 t is1 ( ,a ,i4 ,= ,i ,s be+ ,sesquialt] 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 & ! ,altitude ,o ,i1 be+ d\ble to ,i ,a1 ! ,solid subm]g$ ,a ,o ,s ,b1 %all be also ,sesquialt] 9 ,mass to ! ,solid ,i ,s4 ,& because ! ,air ,a ,c1 nei!r increase? nor dim9i%e? ! pond]osity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s3 ,!re=e1 z mu* wat] 9 quantity z ! subm]g$ ,mass ,a ,o ,s ,b1 weighs z mu* z ! said ,mass subm]g$3 ,&1 !re=e1 t ,mass %all re/4 ,& briefly 9 g5]all4 #ge ,( ,natation ,lib4 #a4 ,prop4 #c4 ,illu/ration ,,!oreme4 ,,vi4 ,sid5ote3 ,! proportion ( ! greate/ ?ickness ( ,solids1 beyond :i* encreas$ !y s9k4 ,:5 ev] ! excess ( ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid above ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 %all h ! same proportion to ! ,gravity ( ! ,wat]1 t ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t1 ha? to ! ?ickness ( ! ,solid1 t ,solid %all n s9k1 b be+ nev] s little ?ick] x %all4 ,illu/ration ,let ! ,solid ,i ,s be sup]ior 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 & ( su* ?ickness1 t ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t ,a ,i1 be 9 proportion to ! ?ickness ( ! ,solid ,i ,o1 z ! excess ( ! ,gravity ( ! said ,solid ,i ,s1 above ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,i ,s1 is to ! ,gravity ( ! ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,i ,s4 ,i say1 t ! ,solid ,i ,s %all n s9ke1 b be+ nev] s little ?ick] x %all g to ! bottom3 ,= be+ t z ,a ,i is to ,i ,o1 s is ! ,excess ( ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s1 above ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,i ,s1 to ! ,gravity ( ! said ,mass ( wat]3 ,!re=e1 comp\nd+1 z ,a ,o is to ,o ,i1 s %all ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s1 be to ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,i ,s3 ,&1 conv]t+1 z ,i ,o is to ,o ,a1 s %all ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,i ,s1 be to ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s3 ,b z ,i ,o is to ,o ,a1 s is a ,mass ( wat] ,i ,s1 to a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,a ,b ,s ,o3 & s is ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] ,i ,s1 to ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] ,a ,s3 ,!re=e z ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat]1 equall to ! ,mass ,i ,s1 is to ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s1 s is ! same ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] ,i ,s1 to ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( ,wat] ,a ,s3 ,!re=e ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s1 is equall to ! ,gravity ( a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ,a ,s3 ,b ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,i ,s1 is ! same ) ! ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,a ,s1 comp\nd$ ( ! ,solid ,i ,s1 & ( ! ,air ,a ,b ,c ,i4 ,!re=e ! :ole comp\nd$ ,solid ,a ,o ,s ,b1 weighs z mu* z ! wat] t w\ld be compris$ 9 ! place ( ! said ,comp\nd ,a ,o ,s ,b3 ,&1 !re=e1 x %all make an ,equilibrium & re/1 & t same ,solid ,i ,o ,s ,c %all s9ke no f>!r4 ,b if its ?ickness ,i ,o %\ld be increas$1 x w\ld be necess>y also to encrease ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t ,a ,i1 to ma9ta9 ! due proportion3 ,b by :at ha? be5 suppos$1 ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t ,a ,i1 is ! greate/ t ! ,nature ( ! ,wat] & ,air d admit1 )\t ! wat]s repuls+ ! ,air adh]5t to ! ,sup]ficies ( ! ,solid ,i ,c1 & possess+ ! space ,a ,i ,c ,b3 ,!re=e1 a ,solid ( great] ?ickness ?an ,i ,o1 & ( ! same ,matt] ) ! ,solid ,i ,s1 %all n re/ )\t subm]g+1 b %all desc5d to ! bottome3 :i* 0 to be demon/rat$4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is t ha? be5 demon/rat$1 sundry & v>i\s ,conclusions may be ga!r$1 by :i* ! tru? ( my pr9cipall ,proposition comes to be m & m confirm$1 & ! imp]fection ( all =m] ,argum5tations t\*+ ! pres5t ,"q come? to be discov]$4 ,& fir/ we ga!r f ! ?+s demon/rat$1 t1 ,,!oreme ,,vii4 ,sid5ote3 ,! heavie/ ,bodies may swimme4 ,all ,matt]s1 h[ heavy soev]1 ev5 to ,gold x self1 ! heavie/ ( all ,bodies1 kn[n by u1 may float ^u ! ,wat]4 ,because its ,gravity be+ consid]$ to be almo/ tw5ty times great] ?an t ( ! wat]1 &1 moreov]1 ! greate/ ,altitude t ! ,ramp>t ( wat] c be ext5d$ to1 )\t break+ ! ,contiguity ( ! ,air1 adh]5t to ! ,surface ( ! ,solid1 t is put ^u ! wat] be+ pr$et]m9$1 if we %\ld make a ,plate ( ,gold s ?91 t x exce$s n ! n9ete5? "p ( ! ,altitude ( ! said ,ramp>t1 ?is put lightly ^u ! wat] %all re/1 )\t go+ to ! bottom3 & if ,ebony %all *ance to be 9 sesquiseptimall proportion m grave ?an ! wat]1 ! greate/ ?ickness t c be all[$ to a ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 s t x may be able to /ay above wat] )\t s9k+1 w\ld be seav5 times m ?an ! height ( ! ,ramp>t ,t9n1 v4 gr4 eight times m grave ?an wat]1 %all swimm z (t z ! ?ickness ( its ,plate1 exce$s n ! #g? "p ( ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t4 ,sid5ote3 ,he else:]e cites ?is z a ,proposition1 !re=e ,i make x ( t numb]4 ,& "h ,i w n omit to note1 z a second ,corroll>y dep5d5t ^u ! ?+s demon/rat$1 t1 ,,!oreme ,,viii4 ,sid5ote3 ,natation & ,subm]sion1 collect$ f ! ?ickness1 exclud+ ! l5g? & bread? ( ,plates4 ,! ,expansion ( ,figure n only is n ! ,cause ( ! ,natation ( ^? grave ,bodies1 :i* o!rwise d subm]ge1 b also ! det]m9+ :at be ^? ,bo>ds ( ,ebony1 or ,plates ( ,iron or ,gold t w swimme1 dep5ds n on x1 r t same det]m9ation is to be collect$ f ! only ?ickness ( ^? ,figures ( ,ebony or ,gold1 :olly exclud+ ! consid]ation ( l5g? & bread?1 z hav+ no wayes any %>e 9 ?is ,effect4 ,x ha? already be5 manife/$1 t ! only cause ( ! ,natation ( ! said ,plates1 is ! r$uction ( !m to be less grave ?an ! wat]1 by means ( ! connexion ( t ,air1 :i* desc5de? toge!r ) !m1 & possesse? place 9 ! wat]2 :i* place s occupy$1 if be=e ! circumfus$ wat] diffuse? x self to fill x1 x be capable ( z mu* wat]1 z %all weigh equall ) ! ,plate1 ! ,plate %all rema9 susp5d$1 & s9ke no f>!r4 ,n[ let u see on :i* ( ^! ?ree dim5sions ( ! ,solid dep5ds ! t]m9at+1 :at & h[ mu* ! ,mass ( t ought to be1 t s ! assi/ance ( ! ,air contigu\s unto x1 may suffice to r5d] x specifically less grave ?an ! wat]1 :]eupon x may re/ )\t ,subm]sion4 ,x %all und\bt$ly be f\nd1 t ! l5g? & bread? h n any ?+ to d 9 ! said det]m9ation1 b only ! height1 or if y w ! ?ickness3 =1 if we take a ,plate or ,bo>d1 z = ,example1 ( ,ebony1 ^: ,altitude ha? unto ! greate/ possible ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t1 ! proportion above decl>$1 = :i* cause x swims inde$1 b yet n if we nev] s little increase its ?ickness2 ,i say1 t reta9+ its ?ickness1 & encreas+ its ,sup]ficies to twice1 f\r times1 or t5 times its bigness1 or dm9i%+ x by divid+ x into f\r1 or six1 or tw5ty1 or a hundr$ p>ts1 x %all /ill 9 ! same mann] cont9ue to float3 b encreas+ its ?ickness only a ,hairs bread?1 x w alwaies subm]ge1 al?\gh we %\ld multiply ! ,sup]ficies a hundr$ & a hundr$ times4 ,n[ =asmu* z t ?is is a ,cause1 :i* be+ add$1 we adde also ! ,effect1 & be+ remov$1 x is remov$2 & by augm5t+ or less5+ ! l5g? or bread? 9 any mann]1 ! effect ( go+1 or n go+ to ! bottom1 is n add$ or remov$3 ,i conclude1 t ! greatness & smalness ( ! ,sup]ficies ha? no influ5ce ^u ! ,natation or ,subm]sion4 ,& t ! proportion ( ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>ts ( ,wat]1 to ! ,altitude ( ! ,solid1 be+ con/itut$ 9 ! mann] a=esaid1 ! greatness or smalness ( ! ,sup]ficies1 makes n any v>iation1 is manife/ f t :i* ha? be5 above demon/rat$1 & f ?is1 t1 ,! ,prisms & ,cyl9d]s :i* h ! same ,base1 are 9 proportion to "o ano!r z _! heights4 ,:5ce ,cyl9d]s or ,prismes#gf1 namely1 ! ,bo>d1 be !y great or little1 s t !y be all ( equall ?ickness1 h ! same proportion to _! ,cont]m9all ,air1 :i* ha? = ,base ! said ,sup]ficies ( ! ,bo>d1 & = height ! ,ramp>ts ( wat]2 s t alwayes ( t ,air1 & ( ! ,bo>d1 ,solids1 are comp\nd$1 t 9 ,gravity equall a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass ( ! ,solids1 comp\nd$ ( ,air1 & ( ! ,bo>d3 :]eupon all ! said ,solids d 9 ! same mann] cont9ue afloat4 ,we w conclude 9 ! ?ird place1 t1 #gf ,prismes & ,cyl9d]s hav+ ! same ,base1 are to "o ano!r z _! heights4 ,,!oreme4 ,,ix4 ,sid5ote3 ,all ,figures ( all ,matt]s1 float by hep ( ! ,ramp>t repl5i%$ ) ,air1 & "s b only t\* ! wat]4 ,all sorts ( ,figures ( :atsoev] ,matt]1 albeit m grave ?an ! ,wat]1 d by ,b5efit ( ! said ,ramp>t1 n only float1 b "s ,figures1 ?\gh ( ! grave/ ,matt]1 d /ay :olly above ,wat]1 wett+ only ! inf]i\r ,surface t t\*e? ! ,wat]4 ,& ^! %all be all ,figures1 :i* f ! inf]i\r ,base upw>ds1 gr[ less] & less]2 ! :i* we %all exemplifie = ?is "t 9 ,piramides or ,cones1 ( :i* ,figures ! passions are common4 ,we w demon/rate !re=e1 t1 ,x is possible to =m a ,piramide1 ( any :atsoev] ,matt] prepos$1 :i* be+ put ) its ,base ^u ! ,wat]1 re/s n only )\t subm]g+1 b )\t wett+ x m !n its ,base4 ,= ! explication ( :i* x is requisite1 t we fir/ demon/rate ! subsequ5t ,lemma1 namely1 t1 ,,lemma ,,ii4 ,sid5ote3 ,solids ^: ,masses are 9 contr>y proportion to _! ,specifick ,gravities are equall 9 absolute ,gravity4 ,solids ^: ,masses answ] 9 proportion contr>ily to _! ,specificall ,gravities1 are equall 9 ,absolute ,gravities4 ,illu/ration ,let ,a ,c & ,b be two ,solids1 & let ! ,mass ,a ,c be to ! ,mass ,b1 z ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,b1 is to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,solid ,a ,c3 ,i say1 ! ,solids ,a ,c & ,b are equall 9 absolute weight1 t is1 equally grave4 ,= if ! ,mass ,a ,c be equall to ! ,mass ,b1 !n1 by ! ,assumption1 ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,b1 %all be equall to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,a ,c1 & be+ equall 9 ,mass1 & ( ! same ,specificall ,gravity !y %all absolutely weigh "o z mu* z ano!r4 ,b if _! ,masses %all be unequall1 let ! ,mass ,a ,c be great]1 & 9 x take ! "p ,c1 equall to ! ,mass ,b4 ,&1 because ! ,masses ,b & ,c are equall2 ! ,absolute weight ( ,b1 %all h ! same proportion to ! ,absolute weight ( ,c1 t ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,b1 ha? to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,c2 or ( ,c ,a1 :i* is ! same 9 specie3 ,b look :at proportion ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,b1 ha? to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ,c ,a1 ! l proportion1 by ! ,assumption1 ha? ! ,mass ,c ,a1 to ! ,mass ,b1 t is1 to ! ,mass ,c3 ,!re=e1 ! absolute weight ( ,b1 to ! absolute weight ( ,c1 is z ! ,mass ,a ,c to ! ,mass ,c3 ,b z ! ,mass ,a ,c1 is to ! ,mass ,c1 s is ! absolute weight ( ,a ,c1 to ! absolute weight ( ,c3 ,!re=e ! absolute weight ( ,b1 ha? ! same proportion to ! absolute weight ( ,c1 t ! absolute weight ( ,a ,c1 ha? to ! absolute weight ( ,c3 ,!re=e1 ! two ,solids ,a ,c & ,b are equall 9 absolute ,gravity3 :i* 0 to be demon/rat$4 ,hav+ demon/rat$ ?is1 ,i say1 ,,!oreme ,x4 ,sid5ote3 ,!re may be ,cones & ,piramides ( any ,matt]1 :i* demitt$ into ! wat]1 re/ only _! ,bases4 ,t x is possible ( any assign$ ,matt]1 to =m a ,piramide or ,cone ^u any ,base1 :i* be+ put ^u ! ,wat] %all n subm]ge1 nor wet any m ?an its ,base4 ,illu/ration ,let ! greate/ possible ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t be ! ,l9e ,d ,b1 & ! ,diamet] ( ! ,base ( ! ,cone to be made ( any ,matt] assign$ ,b ,c1 at "r angles to ,d ,b3 ,& z ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,matt] ( ! ,piramide or ,cone to be made1 is to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! wat]1 s let ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t ,d ,b1 be to ! ?ird "p ( ! ,piramide or ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 describ$ ^u ! ,base1 ^: ,diamet] is ,b ,c3 ,i say1 t ! said ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 & any o!r ,cone1 l[] !n ! same1 %all re/ ^u ! ,surface ( ! wat] ,b ,c )\t s9k+4 ,draw ,d ,f p>allel to ,b ,c1 & suppose ! ,prisme or ,cyl9d] ,e ,c1 :i* %all be tripple to ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c4 ,&1 because ! ,cyl9d] ,d ,c ha? ! same proportion to ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,e1 t ! ,altitude ,d ,b1 ha? to ! ,altitude ,b ,e3 ,b ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,e1 is to ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 z ! ,altitude ,e ,b is to ! ?ird "p ( ! ,altitude ( ! ,cone3 ,!re=e1 by ,equality ( proportion1 ! ,cyl9d] ,d ,c is to ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 z ,d ,b is to ! ?ird "p ( ! ,altitude ,b ,e3 ,b z ,d ,b is to ! ?ird "p ( ,b ,e1 s is ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! wat]3 ,!re=e1 z ! ,mass ( ! ,solid ,d ,c1 is to ! ,mass ( ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 s is ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! said ,cone1 to ! ,specificall ,gravity ( ! wat]3 ,!re=e1 by ! prec$5t ,lemma1 ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c weighs 9 absolute ,gravity1 z mu* z a ,mass ( ,wat] equall to ! ,mass ,d ,c3 ,b ! wat] :i* by ! imposition ( ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 is driv5 out ( its place1 is z mu* z w\ld precisely lie 9 ! place ,d ,c1 & is equall 9 weight to ! ,cone t displace? x3 ,!re=e1 !re %all be an ,equilibrium1 & ! ,cone %all re/ )\t f>!r subm]g+4 ,& its manife/1 ,,corol>y ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,among/ ,cones ( ! same ,base1 ^? ( lea/ ,altitude %all s9k ! lea/4 ,t mak+ ^u ! same ,basis1 a ,cone ( a less ,altitude1 x %all be also less grave1 & %all s mu* ! m re/ )\t ,subm]sion4 ,,corol>y ,,ii4 ,sid5ote3 ,!re may be ,cones & ,piramides ( any ,matt]1 :i* demitt$ ) ! ,po9t d[nw>ds d float atop4 ,x is manife/1 also1 t "o may make ,cones & ,piramids ( any ,matt] :atsoev]1 m grave ?an ! wat]1 :i* be+ put into ! wat]1 ) ! ,apix or ,po9t d[nw>ds1 re/ )\t ,subm]sion4 ,because if we reassume :at ha? be5 above demon/rat$1 ( ,prisms & ,cyl9d]s1 & t on ,bases equall to ^? ( ! said ,cyl9d]s1 we make ,cones ( ! same ,matt]1 & ?ree times z high z ! ,cyl9d]s1 !y %all re/ afloat1 = t 9 ,mass & ,gravity !y %all be equall to ^? ,cyl9d]s1 & by hav+ _! ,bases equall to ^? ( ! ,cyl9d]s1 !y %all leave equall ,masses ( ,air includ$ )9 ! ,ramp>ts4 ,?is1 :i* = ,example sake ha? be5 demon/rat$1 9 ,prisms1 ,cyl9d]s1 ,cones & ,piramids1 might be prov$ 9 all o!r ,solid ,figures1 b x w\ld require a :ole ,volume 7su* is ! multitude & v>iety ( _! ,symptoms & ,accid5ts7 to compreh5d ! p>ticul] demon/ration ( !m all1 & ( _! sev]all ,segm5ts3 b ,i w to avoid prolixity 9 ! pres5t ,disc\rse1 cont5t my self1 t by :at ,i h decl>$ e "o ( ord9>y ,capacity may compreh5d1 t !re is n any ,matt] s grave1 no n ,gold x self1 ( :i* "o may n =m all sorts ( ,figures1 :i* by v]tue ( ! sup]i\r ,air adh]5t to !m1 & n by ! ,wat]s ,resi/ance ( ,p5etration1 d rema9 afloat1 s t !y s9k n4 ,nay1 f>!r1 ,i w %ew1 = remov+ t ,error1 t1 ,,!oreme ,,xi4 ,sid5ote3 ,a ,piramide or ,cone1 demitt$ ) ! ,po9t d[nw>ds %al swim1 ) its ,base d[nw>d %all s9k4 ,a ,piramide or ,cone put into ! ,wat]1 ) ! ,po9t d[nw>d %all swimme1 & ! same put ) ! ,base d[nw>ds %all s9ke1 & x %all be impossible to make x float4 ,n[ ! q contr>y w\ld happ51 if ! difficulty ( ,p5etrat+ ! wat]1 7 t :i* _h h9dr$ ! desc5t1 = t ! said ,cone is f> apt] to pi]ce & p5etrate ) its %>p ,po9t1 ?an ) its broad & spaci\s ,base4 ,&1 to demon/rate ?is1 let ! ,cone be ,a ,b ,c1 twice z grave z ! wat]1 & let its height be tripple to ! height ( ! ,ramp>t ,d ,a ,e ,c3 ,i say1 fir/1 t be+ put lightly into ! wat] ) ! ,po9t d[nw>ds1 x %all n desc5d to ! bottom3 = ! ,a]iall ,cyl9d] conta9$ betwixt ! ,ramp>ts ,d ,a ,c ,e1 is equall 9 ,mass to ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c2 s t ! :ole ,mass ( ! ,solid comp\nd$ ( ! ,air ,d ,a ,c ,e1 & ( ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c1 %all be d\ble to ! ,cone ,a ,c ,b3 ,&1 because ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c is suppos$ to be ( ,matt] d\ble 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 !re=e z mu* wat] z ! :ole ,masse ,d ,a ,b ,c ,e1 plac$ b5ea? ! ,levell ( ! wat]1 weighs z mu* z ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c3 &1 !re=e1 !re %all be an ,equilibrium1 & ! ,cone ,a ,b ,c %all desc5d no l[]4 ,n[1 ,i say f>!r1 t ! same ,cone plac$ ) ! ,base d[nw>ds1 %all s9k to ! bottom1 )\t any possibility ( return+ aga91 by any means to swimme4 ,illu/ration ,let1 !re=e1 ! ,cone be ,a ,b ,d1 d\ble 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 & let its height be tripple ! height ( ! ,ramp>t ( wat] ,l ,b3 ,x is already manife/1 t x %all n /ay :olly out ( ! wat]1 because ! ,cyl9d] be+ compreh5d$ betwixt ! ,ramp>ts ,l ,b ,d ,p1 equall to ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d1 & ! ,matt] ( ! ,cone1 beig d\ble 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 x is evid5t t ! weight ( ! said ,cone %all be d\ble to ! weight ( ! ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,cyl9d] ,l ,b ,d ,p3 ,!re=e x %all n re/ 9 ?is /ate1 b %all desc5d4 ,illu/ration ,,corol>y ,i4 ,sid5ote3 ,mu* less %all ! said ,cone swim1 if "o imm]ge a "p !re(4 ,i say f>!r2 t mu* lesse %all ! said ,cone /ay afloat1 if "o imm]ge a "p !re(4 ,:i* y may see1 comp>+ ) ! wat] z well ! "p t %all imm]ge z ! o!r above wat]4 ,let u !re=e ( ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d1 subm]ge? "p ,n ,t ,o ,s1 & advance ! ,po9t ,n ,s ,f above wat]4 ,! ,altitude ( ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s1 %all ei!r be m ?an half ! :ole ,altitude ( ! ,cone ,f ,t ,o1 or x %all n be m3 if x %all be m ?an half1 ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s %all be m ?an half ( ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c3 = ! ,altitude ( ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s1 %all be m ?an ,sesquialt] ( ! ,altitude ( ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c3 ,&1 because ! ,matt] ( ! ,cone is suppos$ to be d\ble 9 ,specificall ,gravity to ! wat]1 ! wat] :i* w\ld be conta9$ )9 ! ,ramp>t ,e ,n ,s ,c1 w\ld be less grave absolutely ?an ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s2 s t ! :ole ,cone ,f ,n ,s _c be su/a9$ by ! ,ramp>t3 ,b ! "p imm]g$ ,n ,t ,o ,s1 by be+ d\ble 9 ,specificall ,gravity to ! wat]1 %all t5d to ! bottom3 ,!re=e1 ! :ole ,c"o ,f ,t ,o1 z well 9 respect ( ! "p subm]g$1 z ! "p above wat] %all desc5d to ! bottom4 ,b if ! ,altitude ( ! ,po9t ,f ,n ,s1 %all be half ! ,altitude ( ! :ole ,cone ,f ,t ,o1 ! same ,altitude ( ! said ,cone ,f ,n ,s %all be ,sesquialt] to ! ,altitude ,e ,n3 &1 !re=e1 ,e ,n ,s ,c %all be d\ble to ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s2 & z mu* wat] 9 ,mass z ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c1 w\ld weigh z mu* z ! "p ( ! ,c"o ,f ,n ,s4 ,b1 because ! o!r imm]g$ "p ,n ,t ,o ,s1 is d\ble 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 a ,mass ( wat] equall to t comp\nd$ ( ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c1 & ( ! ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s1 %all weigh less ?an ! ,c"o ,f ,t ,o1 by z mu* z ! weight ( a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s3 ,!re=e1 ! ,c"o %all also desc5d4 ,aga91 because ! ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s1 is septuple to ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s1 to :i* ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,s is d\ble1 ! proportion ( ! ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s1 %all be to ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c1 z seav5 to two3 ,!re=e1 ! :ole ,solid comp\nd$ ( ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c1 & ( ! ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s1 is mu* less ?an d\ble ! ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s3 ,!re=e1 ! s+le ,solid ,n ,t ,o ,s1 is mu* grav] ?an a ,mass ( wat] equall to ! ,mass1 comp\nd$ ( ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,n ,s ,c1 & ( ,n ,t ,o ,s4 ,,corol>y ,,ii4 ,sid5ote3 ,"p ( ! ,cones t[>ds ! ,cuspis remov$1 x %all /ill s9k4 ,f :5ce x foll[e?1 t ?\gh "o %\ld remove & take away ! "p ( ! ,cone ,f ,n ,s1 ! sole rema9d] ,n ,t ,o ,s w\ld g to ! bottom4 ,,corol>y ,,iii4 ,sid5ote3 ,! m ! ,cone is imm]g$1 ! m impossible is its float+4 ,& if we %\ld m depress ! ,cone ,f ,t ,o1 x w\ld be s mu* ! m impossible t x %\ld su/a9 x self afloat1 ! "p subm]g$ ,n ,t ,o ,s /ill encreas+1 & ! ,mass ( ,air conta9$ 9 ! ,ramp>t dim9i%+1 :i* ev] gr[s less1 ! m ! ,cone subm]ge?4 ,t ,cone1 !re=e1 t ) its ,base upw>ds1 & its ,cuspis d[nw>ds do? swimme1 be+ dimitt$ ) its ,base d[nw>d mu/ ( necessity s9ke4 ,!y h argu$ f>re f ! tru?1 !re=e1 :o h ascrib$ ! cause ( ,natation to wat]s resi/ance ( ,division1 z to a passive pr9ciple1 & to ! bread? ( ! ,figure1 ) :i* ! division is to be made1 z ! ,effici5t4 ,i come 9 ! f\r? place1 to collect & conclude ! reason ( t :i* ,i h propos$ to ! ,adv]s>ies1 namely1 ,,!oreme ,,xii4 ,sid5ote3 ,solids ( any ,figure greatnesse1 t naturally s9k1 may by help ( ! ,air 9 ! ,ramp>t swimme4 ,t x is possible to form ,solid ,bodies1 ( :at ,figure & greatness soev]1 t ( _! own ,nature goe to ! ,bottome2 ,b by ! help ( ! ,air conta9$ 9 ! ,ramp>t1 re/ )\t subm]g+4 ,illu/ration ,! tru? ( ?is ,proposition is suffici5tly manife/ 9 all ^? ,solid ,figures1 t det]m9e 9 _! upp]mo/ "p 9 a plane ,sup]ficies3 = mak+ su* ,figures ( "s ,matt] specifically z grave z ! wat]1 putt+ !m into ! wat]1 s t ! :ole ,mass be cov]$1 x is manife/1 t !y %all re/ 9 all places1 provid$1 t su* a ,matt] equall 9 weight to ! wat]1 may be exactly adju/$3 & !y %all by consequ5ce1 re/ or lie ev5 ) ! ,levell ( ! wat]1 )\t mak+ any ,ramp>t4 ,if1 !re=e1 9 respect ( ! ,matt]1 su* ,figures are apt to re/ )\t subm]g+1 ?\gh depriv$ ( ! help ( ! ,ramp>t1 x is manife/1 t !y may admit s mu* encrease ( ,gravity1 7)\t encreas+ _! ,masses7 z is ! weight ( z mu* wat] z w\ld be conta9$ )9 ! ,ramp>t1 t is made ab\t _! upp] plane ,surface3 by ! help ( :i* be+ su/a9$1 !y %all re/ afloat1 b be+ ba!d1 !y %all desc5d1 hav+ be5 made grav] ?an ! wat]4 ,9 ,figures1 !re=e1 t det]m9e above 9 a plane1 we may cle]ly compreh5d1 t ! ,ramp>t add$ or remov$1 may prohibit or p]mit ! desc5t3 b 9 ^? ,figures t g less5+ upw>ds t[>ds ! top1 "s ,p]sons may1 & t n )\t mu* seem+ ,reason1 d\bt :e!r ! same may be done1 & especially by ^? :i* t]m9ate 9 a v acute ,po9t1 su* z are y\r ,cones & small ,piramids4 ,t\*+ ^!1 !re=e1 z m dubi\s ?an ! re/1 ,i w endeav\r to demon/rate1 t !y also lie "u ! same ,accid5t ( go+1 or n go+ to ! ,bottom1 be !y ( any :atev] bigness4 ,let !re=e ! ,cone be ,a ,b ,d1 made ( a matt] specifically z grave z ! wat]2 x is manife/ t be+ put all "u wat]1 x %all re/ 9 all places 7alwayes provid$1 t x %all weigh exactly z mu* z ! wat]1 :i* is almo/ impossible to effect7 & t any small weight be+ add$ to x1 x %all s9k to ! bottom3 b if x %all desc5d d[nw>ds g5tly1 ,i say1 t x %all make ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s ,t ,o1 & t !re %all /ay out ( ! wat] ! po9t ,a ,s ,t1 tripple 9 height to ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s3 :i* is manife/1 = ! ,matt] ( ! ,cone weigh+ equally ) ! wat]1 ! "p subm]g$ ,s ,b ,d ,t1 becomes indiff]5t to move d[nw>ds or upw>ds2 & ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 be+ equall 9 ,mass to ! wat] t w\ld be conta9$ 9 ! concave ( ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s ,t ,o1 %all be also equall unto x 9 ,gravity3 &1 !re=e1 !re %all be a p]fect ,equilibrium1 &1 consequ5tly1 a ,re/4 ,n[ "h arise? a d\bt1 :e!r ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d may be made heavi]1 9 su* sort1 t :5 x is put :olly "u wat]1 x goes to ! bottom1 b yet n 9 su* sort1 z to take f ! ,ramp>t ! v]tue ( su/a9+ x t x s9k n1 &1 ! reason ( ! d\bt is ?is3 t al?\gh at su* "t z ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d is specifically z grave z ! wat]1 ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s ,t ,o su/a9es x1 n only :5 ! po9t ,a ,s ,t is tripple 9 height to ! ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s1 b also :5 a less] "p is above wat]2 = al?\gh 9 ! ,desc5t ( ! ,cone ! ,po9t ,a ,s ,t by little & little dim9i%e?1 & s likewise ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s ,t ,o1 yet ! ,po9t dim9i%e? 9 great] proportion ?an ! ,ramp>t1 9 t x dim9i%e? accord+ to all ! ?ree ,dim5sions1 b ! ,ramp>t accord+ to two only1 ! ,altitude /ill rema9+ ! same2 or1 if y w1 because ! ,cone ,s ,a ,t goes dim9i%+1 accord+ to ! proportion ( ! cubes ( ! ,l9es t d successively become ! ,diamet]s ( ! ,bases ( em]g5t ,cones1 & ! ,ramp>ts dim9i% accord+ to ! proportion ( ! ,squ>es ( ! same ,l9es2 :]eupon ! proportions ( ! ,po9ts are alwayes ,sesquialt] ( ! proportions ( ! ,cyl9d]s1 conta9$ )9 ! ,ramp>t2 s t if1 = ,example1 ! height ( ! em]g5t ,po9t 7 d\ble1 or equall to ! height ( ! ,ramp>t1 9 ^! cases1 ! ,cyl9d] conta9$ )9 ! ,ramp>t1 w\ld be mu* great] ?an ! said ,po9t1 because x w\ld be ei!r sesquialt] or tripple1 by reason ( :i* x w\ld p]haps s]ve ov] & above to su/a9 ! :ole ,cone1 s9ce ! "p subm]g$ w\ld no long] weigh any ?+2 yet1 nev]!less1 :5 any ,gravity is add$ to ! :ole ,mass ( ! ,cone1 s t also ! "p subm]g$ is n )\t "s excesse ( ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( ! wat]1 x is n manife/1 :e!r ! ,cyl9d] conta9$ )9 ! ,ramp>t1 9 ! desc5t t ! ,cone %all make1 c be r$uc$ to su* a proportion unto ! em]g5t ,po9t1 & to su* an excesse ( ,mass above ! ,mass ( x1 z to comp5sate ! excesse ( ! ,cones ,specificall ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( ! wat]3 & ! ,scruple arise?1 because t h[beit 9 ! desc5t made by ! ,cone1 ! em]g5t ,po9t ,a ,s ,t dim9i%e?1 :]eby !re is also a dim9ution ( ! excess ( ! ,cones ,gravity above ! ,gravity ( ! wat]1 yet ! case /&s s1 t ! ,ramp>t do? also contract x self1 & ! ,cyl9d] conta9$ 9 x do? dem9i%4 ,nev]!less x %all be demon/rat$1 h[ t ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d be+ ( any suppos$ bignesse1 & made at ! fir/ ( a ,matt] exactly equall 9 ,gravity to ! ,wat]1 if !re may be affix$ to x "s ,weight1 by means ( :i* it may desc5d to ! bottom1 :5 subm]g$ "u wat]1 x may also by v]tue ( ! ,ramp>t /ay above )\t s9k+4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,let1 !re=e1 ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d be ( any suppos$ greatnesse1 & alike 9 specificall ,gravity to ! wat]4 ,x is manife/1 t be+ put lightly into ! wat]1 x %all re/ )\t desc5d+2 & x %all advance above wat]1 ! ,po9t ,a ,s ,t1 tripple 9 height to ! height ( ! ,ramp>t ,e ,s3 ,n[1 suppose ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d m depress$1 s t x advance above wat]1 only ! ,po9t ,a ,i ,r1 high] by half ?an ! ,po9t ,a ,s ,t1 ) ! ,ramp>t ab\t x ,c ,i ,r ,n4 ,&1 because1 ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d is to ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 z ! cube ( ! ,l9e ,s ,t is to ! cube ( ! ,l9e ,i ,r1 b ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,s ,t ,o1 is to ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,i ,r ,n1 z ! ,squ>e ( ,s ,t to ! ,squ>e ( ,i ,r1 ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t %all be ,octuple to ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 & ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,s ,t ,o1 quadruple to ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,i ,r ,n3 ,b ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 is equall to ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,s ,t ,o3 ,!re=e1 ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,i ,r ,n1 %all be d\ble to ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r3 & ! wat] :i* might be conta9$ 9 ! ,ramp>t ,c ,i ,r ,n1 w\ld be d\ble 9 ,mass & 9 ,weight to ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 &1 !re=e1 w\ld be able to su/a9 ! d\ble ( ! ,weight ( ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r3 ,!re=e1 if to ! :ole ,cone ,a ,b ,d1 !re be add$ z mu* ,weight z ! ,gravity ( ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 t is to say1 ! eigh? "p ( ! weight ( ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 x also %all be su/a9$ by ! ,ramp>t ,c ,i ,r ,n1 b )\t t x %all g to ! bottome3 ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d1 be+1 by ! addition ( ! eigh? "p ( ! weight ( ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 made specifically m grave ?an ! wat]4 ,b if ! ,altitude ( ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 7 two ?irds ( ! ,altitude ( ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t w\ld be to ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 z tw5ty sev5 to eight2 & ! ,cyl9d] ,e ,s ,t ,o1 to ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,i ,r ,n1 z n9e to f\r1 t is1 z tw5ty sev5 to twelve2 &1 !re=e1 ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,i ,r ,n1 to ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 z twelve to eight2 & ! excess ( ! ,cyl9d] ,c ,i ,r ,n1 above ! ,cone ,a ,i ,r1 to ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 z f\r to tw5ty sev53 !re=e if to ! ,cone ,a ,b ,d be add$ s mu* weight z is ! f\r tw5ty sev5?s ( ! weight ( ! ,cone ,a ,s ,t1 :i* is a little m !n its sev5? "p1 x also %all cont9ue to swimme1 & ! height ( ! em]g5t ,po9t %all be d\ble to ! height ( ! ,ramp>t4 ,?is t ha? be5 demon/rat$ 9 ,cones1 exactly holds 9 ,piramides1 al?\gh ! "o or ! o!r %\ld be v %>p 9 _! ,po9t or ,cuspis#gg3 ,f :5ce we conclude1 t ! same ,accid5t %all s mu* ! m easily happ5 9 all o!r ,figures1 by h[ mu* ! less %>p ! ,tops %all be1 9 :i* !y det]m9e1 be+ assi/$ by m spaci\s ,ramp>ts4 #gg ,natation easie/ effect$ 9 ,figures broad t[>d ! top4 ,,!oreme ,,xiii4 ,sid5ote3 ,all ,figures s9k or swim1 ^u ba?+ or n ba?+ ( _! tops4 ,all ,figures1 !re=e1 ( :atev] greatnesse1 may g1 & n g1 to ! ,bottom1 accord+ z _! ,sumities or ,tops %all be ba!d or n ba!d4 ,& ?is ,accid5t be+ common to all sorts ( ,figures1 )\t exception ( s mu* z "o4 ,figure ha?1 !re=e1 no "p 9 ! production ( ?is ,effect1 ( sometimes s9k+1 & sometimes aga9 n s9k+1 b only ! be+ sometimes conjoyn$ to1 & sometimes sep]at$ f1 ! sup]em95t ,air3 :i* cause1 9 f9e1 :o s %all rightly1 &1 z we say1 ) bo? 8 ,eyes1 consid] ?is bus9ess1 w f9d t x is r$uc$ to1 yea1 t x really is ! same )1 ! true1 ,naturall & prim>y cause ( ,natation or ,subm]sion2 to wit1 ! excess or defici5cy ( ! ,gravity ( ! wat]1 9 relation to ! ,gravity ( t ,solid ,magnitude1 t is demitt$ into ! wat]4 ,= l z a ,plate ( ,lead1 z ?ick z ! back ( a ,knife1 :i* be+ put into ! wat] by x self alone goes to ! bottom1 if ^u x y fa/5 a piece ( ,cork f\r f+]s ?ick1 do? cont9ue afloat1 = t n[ ! ,solid t is demitt$ 9 ! wat]1 is n1 z be=e1 m grave ?an ! wat]1 b less1 s ! ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 ( its own nature m grave ?an wat]2 &1 !re=e1 desc5d+ to ! bottom1 :5 x is demitt$ by x self alone into ! wat]1 if x %all be put ^u ! wat]1 conjoyn$ ) an ,exp&$ vail ( ,air1 t toge!r ) ! ,ebony do? desc5d1 & t x be su*1 z t x do? make ) x a comp\nd less grave ?an s mu* wat] 9 ,mass1 z equalle? ! ,mass already subm]g$ & depress$ b5ea? ! ,levell ( ! wat]s ,surface1 x %all n desc5d any f>!r1 b %all re/1 = no o!r ?an ! univ]sall & mo/ common cause1 :i* is t ,solid ,magnitudes1 less grave 9 specie ?an ! wat]1 g n to ! bottom4 ,s t if "o %\ld take a ,plate ( ,lead1 z = ,example1 a f+] ?ick1 & an h&full broad e way1 & %\ld attempt to make x swimme1 ) putt+ x lightly on ! wat]1 he w\ld lose 8 ,lab\r1 because t if x %\ld be depress$ an ,hairs bread? beyond ! possible ,altitude ( ! ,ramp>ts ( wat]1 x w\ld dive & s9k2 b if :il/ x is go+ d[nw>ds1 "o %\ld make c]ta9 ,banks or ,ramp>ts ab\t x1 t %\ld h9d] ! defusion ( ! wat] ^u ! said ,plate1 ! :i* ,banks %\ld rise s high1 z t !y might be able to conta9 z mu* wat]1 z %\ld weigh equally ) ! said ,plate1 x w\ld1 )out all ,"q1 desc5d no l[]1 b w\ld re/1 z be+ su/a9$ by v]tue ( ! ,air conta9$ )9 ! a=esaid ,ramp>ts3 &1 9 %ort1 !re w\ld be a ,vessell by ?is means =m$ ) ! bottom ( ,lead4 ,b if ! ?9ness ( ! ,lead %all be su*1 t a v small height ( ,ramp>t w\ld suffice to conta9 s mu* ,air1 z might keep x afloat1 x %all also re/ )\t ! ,artificiall ,banks or ,ramp>ts1 b yet n )\t ! ,air1 because ! ,air by x self makes ,banks suffici5t = a small height1 to resi/ ! ,sup]fusion ( ! wat]3 s t t :i* 9 ?is case swimmes1 is z x 7 a ,vessell fill$ ) ,air1 by v]tue ( :i* x cont9ue? afloat4 ,i w1 9 ! la/ place1 ) an o!r ,exp]iment1 attempt to remove all difficulties1 if s be !re %\ld yet be any d\bt left 9 any "o1 t\*+ ! opp]ation ( ?is ,e,cont9uity ( ! ,air1 ) ! ?9 ,plate :i* swims1 & aft]w>ds put an end to ?is "p ( my disc\rse4 ,e ,or r ,contiguity1 ,i suppose my self to be que/ion+ ) "s ( my ,opon5ts4 ,:e!r ,figure h any influ5ce ^u ! encrease or dim9ution ( ! ,resi/ance 9 any ,weight aga9/ its be+ rais$ 9 ! ,air#gh2 & ,i suppose1 t ,i am to ma9ta9 ! ,affirmative1 ass]t+ t a ,mass ( ,lead1 r$uc$ to ! ,figure ( a ,ball1 %all be rais$ ) less =ce1 !n if ! same _h be5 made into a ?9ne & broad ,plate1 because t x 9 ?is spaci\s ,figure1 ha? a great quantity ( ,air to p5etrate1 & 9 t o!r1 m compact$ & contract$ v little3 & to demon/rate ! tru? ( su* my ,op9ion1 ,i w hang 9 a small ?r$ fir/ ! ,ball or ,bullet1 & put t into ! wat]1 ty+ ! ?r$ t upholds x to "o end ( ! ,ballance t ,i hold 9 ! ,air1 & to ! o!r end ,i by degrees adde s mu* ,weight1 till t at la/ x br+s up ! ,ball ( ,lead out ( ! wat]3 to d :i*1 suppose a ,gravity ( ?irty ,ounces suffice?2 ,i aft]w>ds r$uce ! said ,lead into a flat & ?9ne ,plate1 ! :i* ,i likewise put into ! wat]1 susp5d$ by ?ree ?r$s1 :i* hold x p>allel to ! ,surface ( ! wat]1 & putt+ 9 ! same mann]1 ,weights to ! o!r end1 till su* "t z ! ,plate comes to be rais$ & drawn out ( ! wat]3 ,i f9de t ?irty six ounces w n suffice to sep]ate x f ! wat]1 & raise x ?or[ ! ,air3 & argu+ f ?is ,exp]im5t1 ,i affirm1 t ,i h fully demon/rat$ ! tru? ( my ,proposition4 ,"h my ,opon5ts desires me to look d[n1 %ew+ me a ?+ :i* ,i _h n be=e obs]v$1 to wit1 t 9 ! ,asc5t ( ! ,plate out ( ! wat]1 x draws aft] x ano!r ,plate 7if ,i may s call x7 ( wat]1 :i* be=e x divides & p>ts f ! inf]i\r ,surface ( ! ,plate ( ,lead1 is rais$ above ! ,levell ( ! o!r wat]1 m ?an ! ?ickness ( ! back ( a ,knife3 ,!n he goe? to repeat ! ,exp]im5t ) ! ,ball1 & makes me see1 t x is b a v small quantity ( wat]1 :i* cleaves to its compact$ & contract$ ,figure3 & !n he subjoynes1 t its no wond]1 if 9 sep]at+ ! ?9ne & broad ,plate f ! wat]1 we meet ) mu* great] ,resi/ance1 ?an 9 sep]at+ ! ,ball1 s9ce toge!r ) ! ,plate1 we are to raise a great quantity ( wat]1 :i* occurre? n 9 ! ,ball3 ,he telle? me moreov]1 h[ t our ,"q is1 :e!r ! ,resi/ance ( ,elevation be great] 9 a dilat$ ,plate ( ,lead1 ?an 9 a ,ball1 & n :e!r m resi/e? a ,plate ( ,lead ) a great quantity ( wat]1 or a ,ball ) a v little wat]3 ,he %ewe? me 9 ! close1 t ! putt+ ! ,plate & ! ,ball fir/ into ! wat]1 to make pro(e !reby ( _! ,resi/ance 9 ! ,air1 is besides our case1 :i* treats ( ,elivat+ 9 ! ,air1 & ( ?+s plac$ 9 ! ,air1 & n ( ! ,resi/ance t is made 9 ! ,conf9es ( ! ,air & wat]1 & by ?+s :i* are "p 9 ,air & "p 9 wat]3 & la/ly1 !y make me feel ) my h&1 t :5 ! ?9ne ,plate is 9 ! ,air1 & free f ! weight ( ! wat]1 x is rais$ ) ! v same ,=ce t raise? ! ,ball4 ,see+1 & und]/&+ ^! ?+s1 ,i "k n :at to d1 unless to grant my self conv9c$1 & to ?ank su* a ,fri5d1 = hav+ made me to see t :i* ,i nev] till !n obs]v$3 &1 be+ adv]tis$ by ?is same ,accid5t1 to tell my ,adv]s>ies1 t our ,"q is1 :e!r a ,bo>d & a ,ball ( ,ebony1 equally g to ! bottom 9 wat]1 & n a ,ball ( ,ebony & a ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 joyn$ ) ano!r flat ,body ( ,air3 &1 f>!rmore1 t we speak ( s9k+1 & n s9k+ to ! bottom1 9 wat]1 & n ( t :i* happ5e? 9 ! ,conf9es ( ! wat] & ,air to ,bodies t be "p 9 ! ,air1 & "p 9 ! wat]2 nor mu* less d we treat ( ! great] or less] ,=ce requisite 9 sep]at+ ?is or t ,body f ! ,air2 n omitt+ to tell !m1 9 ! la/ place1 t ! ,air do? resi/1 & gravitate d[nw>ds 9 ! wat]1 j s mu* z ! wat] 7if ,i may s speak7 gravitates & resi/s upw>ds 9 ! ,air1 & t ! same ,=ce is requir$ to s9ke a ,bladd] "u wat]1 t is full ( ,air1 z to raise x 9 ! ,air1 be+ full ( wat]1 remov+ ! consid]ation ( ! weight ( t ,filme or ,sk9ne1 & consid]+ ! wat] & ! ,air only4 ,& x is likewise true1 t ! same ,=ce is requir$ to s9k a ,cup or su* l ,vessell "u wat]1 :il/ x is full ( ,air1 z to raise x above ! ,sup]ficies ( ! wat]1 keep+ x ) ! m\? d[nw>ds2 :il/ x is full ( wat]1 :i* is con/ra9$ 9 ! same mann] to foll[ ! ,cup :i* conta9s x1 & to rise above ! o!r wat] into ! ,region ( ! ,air1 z ! ,air is =c$ to foll[ ! same ,vessell "u ! ,surface ( ! wat]1 till t 9 ?is case ! wat]1 surm\nt+ ! brimme ( ! ,cup1 breaks 91 driv+ !nce ! ,air1 & 9 t case1 ! said brimme com+ out ( ! wat]1 & arriv+ to ! ,conf9es ( ! ,air1 ! wat] falls d[n1 & ! ,air sub-ent]s to fill ! cavity ( ! ,cup3 ^u :i* ensues1 t he no less transgresses ! ,articles ( ! ,conv5tion1 :o produce? a ,plate conjoyn$ ) mu* ,air1 to see if x desc5d to ! bottom 9 wat]1 !n he t makes pro( ( ! ,resi/ance aga9/ ,elevation 9 ,air ) a ,plate ( ,lead1 joyn$ ) a l quantity ( wat]4 #gh ,an ,exp]im5t ( ! op]ation ( ,figures1 9 encreas+ or less5+ ( ! ,airs ,resi/ance ( ,division4 ,sid5ote3 ,ari/otles op9ion t\*+ ! ,op]ation ( ,figure exam9$4 ,i h said all t ,i c\ld at pres5t ?9k (1 to ma9ta9 ! ,ass]tion ,i h und]took4 ,x rema9s1 t ,i exam9e t :i* ,ari/otle ha? writ ( ?is matt] t[>ds ! end ( 8 ,book ,de ,caelo#gi2 :]e9 ,i %all note two ?+s3 ! "o t x be+ true z ha? be5 demon/rat$1 t ,figure ha? no?+ to d ab\t ! mov+ or n mov+ x self upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 its seemes t ,ari/otle at 8 fir/ fall+ ^u ?is ,speculation1 0 ( ! same op9ion1 z 9 my op9ion may be collect$ f ! exam9ation ( 8 words4 ',tis true1 inde$1 t 9 essay+ aft]w>ds to r5d] a reason ( su* effect1 z n hav+ 9 my conceit hit ^u ! "r1 7:i* 9 ! second place ,i w exam9e7 x seems t he is br\ght to admit ! l>g5esse ( ,figure1 to be int]ess$ 9 ?is op]ation4 ,z to ! fir/ p>ticul]1 he> ! precise words ( ,ari/otle4 #gi ,ari/ot4 de ,caelo ,lib4 #d4 ,cap #f4 ,figures are n ! ,causes ( mov+ simply upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 b ( mov+ m sl[ly or swiftly#hjha1 & by :at means ?is comes to pass1 x is n difficult to see4 #hj ,ari/otle makes n ,figure ! cause ( ,motion absolutely1 b ( swift or sl[ motion1 #ha ,lib4 #d4 ,cap4 #f3 ,text4 #db4 ,"h fir/ ,i note1 t ! t]ms be+ f\r1 :i* fall "u ! pres5t consid]ation1 namely1 ,motion1 ,re/1 ,sl[ly & ,swiftly3 ,& ,ari/otle nam+ figures z ,causes ( ,t>dity & ,velocity1 exclud+ !m f be+ ! ,cause ( absolute & simple ,motion1 x seems necess>y1 t he exclude !m on ! o!r side1 f be+ ! ,cause ( ,re/1 s t 8 mean+ is ?is4 ,figures are n ! ,causes ( mov+ or n mov+ absolutely1 b ( mov+ quickly or sl[ly3 &1 "h1 if any %\ld say ! m9d ( ,ari/otle is to exclude ,figures f be+ ,causes ( ,motion1 b yet n f be+ ,causes ( ,re/1 s t ! s5ce w\ld be to remove f ,figures1 !re be+ ! ,causes ( mov+ simply1 b yet n !re be+ ,causes ( ,re/1 ,i w\ld dem&1 :e!r we ought ) ,ari/otle to und]/&1 t all ,figures univ]sally1 are1 9 "s mann]1 ! causes ( ,re/ 9 ^? ,bodies1 :i* o!rwise w\ld move1 or else "s p>ticul> ,figures only1 z = ,example1 broad & ?9ne ,figures3 ,if all indiff]5tly1 !n e ,body %all re/3 because e ,body ha? "s ,figure1 :i* is false2 b if "s p>ticul> ,figures only may be 9 "s mann] a ,cause ( ,re/1 z1 = ,example1 ! broad1 !n ! o!rs w\ld be 9 "s mann] ! ,causes ( ,motion3 = if f see+ "s ,bodies ( a contract$ ,figure move1 :i* aft] dilat$ into ,plates re/1 may be inf]r$1 t ! ,amplitude ( ,figure ha? a "p 9 ! ,cause ( t ,re/2 s f see+ su* l ,figures re/1 :i* aft]w>ds contract$ move1 x may ) ! same reason be affirm$1 t ! unit$ & contract$ ,figure1 ha? a "p 9 caus+ ,motion1 z ! remov] ( t :i* imp$$ x3 ,! :i* aga9 is directly opposite to :at ,ari/otle sai?1 namely1 t ,figures are n ! ,causes ( ,motion4 ,besides1 if ,ari/otle _h admitt$ & n exclud$ ,figures f be+ ,causes ( n mov+ 9 "s ,bodies1 :i* m\ld$ into ano!r ,figure w\ld move1 he w\ld h imp]t95tly prop\nd$ 9 a dubitative mann]1 9 ! words imm$iately foll[+1 :5ce x is1 t ! l>ge & ?9ne ,plates ( ,lead or ,iron1 re/ ^u ! wat]1 s9ce ! ,cause 0 app>5t1 namely1 ! ,amplitude ( ,figure4 ,let u conclude1 !re=e1 t ! mean+ ( ,ari/otle 9 ?is place is to affirm1 t ,figures are n ! ,causes ( absolutely mov+ or n mov+1 b only ( mov+ swiftly or sl[ly3 :i* we ought ! r to believe1 9 reg>d x is inde$ a mo/ true conceipt & op9ion4 ,n[ ! m9d ( ,ari/otle be+ su*1 & appe>+ by consequ5ce1 r contr>y at ! fir/ sight1 !n fav\rable to ! ass]tion ( ! ,opon5ts1 x is necess>y1 t _! ,int]pretation be n exactly ! same ) t1 b su*1 z be+ 9 "p und]/ood by "s ( !m1 & 9 "p by o!rs1 0 set d[n3 & x may easily be inde$ s1 be+ an ,int]pretation conson5t to ! s5ce ( ! m fam\s ,int]pretors1 :i* is1 t ! ,adv]be ,simply or ,absolutely1 put 9 ! ,text1 ought n to be joyn$ to ! ,v]be to ,move1 b ) ! ,n\n ,causes3 s t ! purport ( ,ari/otles words1 is to affirm1 ,t ,figures are n ! ,causes absolutely ( mov+ or n mov+1 b yet are ,causes ,secundum quid1 viz4 9 "s sort2 by :i* means1 !y are call$ ,auxili>y & ,concomitant ,causes3 & ?is ,proposition is receiv$ & ass]t$ z true by ,signor ,buonamico ,lib4 #e4 ,cap4 #bh4 :]e he ?us writes4 ,!re are o!r ,causes concomitant1 by :i* "s ?+s float1 & o!rs s9k1 among :i* ! ,figures ( ,bodies ha? ! fir/ place1 c4 ,conc]n+ ?is ,proposition1 ,i meet ) _m d\bts & difficulties1 = :i* me ?9ks ! words ( ,ari/otle are n capable ( su* a con/ruction & s5ce1 & ! difficulties are ^!4 ,fir/ 9 ! ord] & disposure ( ! words ( ,ari/otle1 ! p>ticle ,simplicit]1 or if y w absolute1 is conjoyn$ ) ! ,v]b to move1 & sep]at$ f ! ,n\n ,causes1 ! :i* is a great presumption 9 my fav\r1 see+ t ! writ+ & ! ,text sai?1 ,figures are n ! ,cause ( mov+ simply upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 b ( quick] or sl[] ,motion3 &1 sai? n1 ,figures are n simply ! ,causes ( mov+ upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 & :5 ! words ( a ,text receive1 transpos$1 a s5ce diff]5t f t :i* !y s\nd1 tak5 9 ! ord] :]e9 ! ,au?or dispose? !m1 x is n conv5i5t to inv]te !m4 ,& :o w affirm t ,ari/otle desir+ to write a ,proposition1 w\ld dispose ! words 9 su* sort1 t !y %\ld import a diff]5t1 nay1 a contr>y s5ce8 contr>y1 ,i say1 because und]/ood z !y are writt52 !y say1 t ,figures are n ! ,causes ( ,motion1 b inv]t$1 !y say1 t ,figures are ! ,causes ( ,motion1 c4 ,moreov]1 if ! int5t ( ,ari/otle _h be5 to say1 t ,figures are n simply ! ,causes ( mov+ upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 b only ,causes ,secundum quid1 he w\ld n h adjoyn$ ^? words1 b !y are ,causes ( ! m swift or sl[ ,motion2 yea1 ! subjo9+ ?is w\ld h be5 n only sup]flu\s b false1 = t ! :ole t5\r ( ! ,proposition w\ld import ?us mu*4 ,figures are n ! absolute ,causes ( mov+ upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 b are ! absolute ,cause ( ! swift or sl[ ,motion2 :i* is n true3 because ! prim>y ,causes ( great] or less] ,velocity1 are by ,ari/otle 9 ! #d? ( 8 ,physicks1 ,text4 #ga4 attribut$ to ! great] or less] ,gravity ( ,moveables1 comp>$ among !mselves1 & to ! great] or less] ,resi/ance ( ! ,m$ium's1 dep5d+ on _! great] or less ,crassitude3 & ^! are ins]t$ by ,ari/otle z ! prim>y ,causes2 & ^! two only are 9 t place nom9at$3 & ,figure comes aft]w>ds to be consid]$1 ,text4 #gd4 r z an ,in/rum5tall ,cause ( ! =ce ( ! ,gravity1 ! :i* divides ei!r ) ! ,figure1 or ) ! ,impetus2 &1 inde$1 ,figure by x self )\t ! =ce ( ,gravity or ,levity1 w\ld opp]ate no?+4 ,i adde1 t if ,ari/otle _h an op9ion t ,figure _h be5 9 "s sort ! ,cause ( mov+ or n mov+1 ! inquisition :i* he makes imm$iately 9 a d\btfull mann]1 :5ce x comes1 t a ,plate ( ,lead flotes1 w\ld h be5 imp]t95t2 = if b j be=e he _h said1 t ,figure 0 9 a c]ta9 sort ! ,cause ( mov+ or n mov+1 he ne$$ n to call 9 ,"q1 by :at ,cause ! ,plate ( ,lead swims1 & !n ascrib+ ! ,cause to its ,figure2 & fram+ a disc\rse 9 ?is mann]4 ,figure is a ,cause ,secundum quid ( n s9k+3 b1 n[1 if x be d\bt$1 = :at ,cause a ?9 ,plate ( ,lead goes n to ! bottom2 x %all be answ]$1 t t proce$s f its ,figure3 a disc\rse :i* w\ld be indec5t 9 a ,*ild1 mu* m 9 ,ari/otle2 ,= :]e is ! occasion ( d\bt+8 ,& :o sees n1 t if ,ari/otle _h held1 t ,figure 0 9 "s sort a ,cause ( ,natation1 he w\ld )\t ! lea/ ,hesitation h writ2 ,t ,figure is 9 a c]ta9 sort ! ,cause ( ,natation1 & !re=e ! ,plate ( ,lead 9 respect ( its l>ge & expatiat$ ,figure swims2 b if we take ! proposition ( ,ari/otle z ,i say1 & z x is writt51 & z inde$ x is true1 ! ensu+ words come 9 v oppositely1 z well 9 ! introduction ( swift & sl[1 z 9 ! "q1 :i* v p]t95tly (f]s x self1 & w\ld say ?us mu*4 ,figures are n ! ,cause ( mov+ or n mov+ simply upw>ds or d[nw>ds1 b ( mov+ m quickly or sl[ly3 ,b if x be s1 ! ,cause is d\btfull1 :5ce x proce$s1 t a ,plate ( ,lead or ( ,iron broad & ?9 do? swim1 c4 ,& ! occasion ( ! d\bt is obvi\s1 because x seems at ! fir/ glance1 t ! ,figure is ! ,cause ( ?is ,natation1 s9ce ! same ,lead1 or a less quantity1 b 9 ano!r ,figure1 goes to ! bottom1 & we h already affirm$1 t ! ,figure ha? no %>e 9 ?is effect4 ,la/ly1 if ! int5t ( ,ari/otle 9 ?is place _h be5 to say1 t ,figures1 al?\gh n absolutely1 are at lea/ 9 "s measure ! ,cause ( mov+ or n mov+3 ,i w\ld h x consid]$1 t he names no less ! ,motion upw>ds1 ?an ! o!r d[nw>ds3 & because 9 exemplify+ x aft]w>ds1 he produce? no o!r ,exp]im5ts ?an ( a ,plate ( ,lead1 & ,bo>d ( ,ebony1 ,matt]s t ( _! own ,nature g to ! bottom1 b by v]tue 7z our ,adv]s>ies say7 ( _! ,figure1 re/ afloat2 x is fit t !y %\ld produce "s o!r ,exp]im5t ( ^? ,matt]s1 :i* by _! ,nature swims1 b reta9$ by _! ,figure re/ at ! bottom4 ,b s9ce ?is is impossible to be done1 we conclude1 t ,ari/otle 9 ?is place1 ha? n attribut$ any action to ! ,figure ( simply mov+ or n mov+4 ,b ?\gh he ha? exquisitely ,philosophiz'd1 9 inve/igat+ ! solution ( ! d\bts he propose?1 yet w ,i n und]take to ma9ta91 r v>i\s difficulties1 t pres5t !mselves unto me1 give me occasion ( suspect+ t he ha? n entirely displaid unto u1 ! true ,cause ( ! pres5t ,conclusion3 :i* difficulties ,i w prop\nd "o by "o1 ready to *ange op9ion1 :5ev] ,i am %ew$1 t ! ,tru? is diff]5t f :at ,i say2 to ! confession :]e( ,i am mu* m incl9able ?an to contradiction4 ,sid5ote3 ,ari/otle err$ 9 affirm+ a ,ne$le dimitt$ long wayes to s9k4 ,ari/otle hav+ prop\nd$ ! ,"q1 :5ce x proce$s1 t broad ,plates ( ,iron or ,lead1 float or swim2 he adde? 7z x 7 /r5g!n+ ! occasion ( d\bt+7 =asmu* z o!r ?+s1 less1 & less grave1 be !y r\nd or long1 z = in/ance a ,ne$le g to ! bottom4 ,n[ ,i "h d\bt1 or r am c]ta9 t a ,ne$le put lightly ^u ! wat]1 re/s afloat1 no less ?an ! ?9 ,plates ( ,iron or ,lead4 ,i _c believe1 albeit x ha? be5 told me1 t "s to def5d ,ari/otle %\ld say1 t he int5ds a ,ne$le demitt$ n longwayes b endwayes1 & ) ! ,po9t d[nw>ds2 nev]!less1 n to leave !m s mu* z ?is1 ?\gh v weak refuge1 & :i* 9 my judgem5t ,ari/otle himself w\ld refuse1 ,i say x ought to be und]/ood1 t ! ,ne$le mu/ be demitt$1 accord+ to ! ,dim5sion nam$ by ,ari/otle1 :i* is ! l5g?3 because1 if any o!r ,dim5sion ?an t :i* is nam$1 might or ought to be tak51 ,i w\ld say1 t ev5 ! ,plates ( ,iron & ,lead1 s9k to ! bottom1 if !y be put into ! wat] edgewayes & n flatwayes4 ,b because ,ari/otle sai?1 broad ,figures g n to ! bottom1 x is to be und]/ood1 be+ demitt$ broadwayes3 &1 !re=e1 :5 he sai?1 long ,figures z a ,ne$le1 albeit light1 re/ n afloat1 x ought to be und]/ood ( !m :5 demitt$ longwayes4 ,moreov]1 to say t ,ari/otle is to be und]/ood ( ! ,ne$le demitt$ ) ! ,po9t d[nw>ds1 is to fa!r ^u him a great imp]t95cy2 = 9 ?is place he sai?1 t little ,p>ticles ( ,lead or ,iron1 if !y be r\nd or long z a ,ne$le1 d s9k to ! bottome2 s t by 8 ,op9ion1 a ,p>ticle or small ,gra9 ( ,iron _c swim3 & if he ?us believ$1 :at a great folly w\ld x be to subjoyn1 t nei!r w\ld a ,ne$le demitt$ endwayes swim8 ,& :at o!r is su* a ,ne$le1 b _m su* l ,gra9es accumulat$ "o ^u ano!r8 ,x 0 too unwor?y ( su* a man to say1 t "o s+le ,gra9 ( ,iron c\ld n swim1 & t nei!r c x swim1 ?\gh y put a hundr$ m ^u x4 ,la/ly1 ei!r ,ari/otle believ$1 t a ,ne$le demitt$ longwayes ^u ! wat]1 w\ld swim1 or he believ$ t x w\ld n swim3 ,if he believ$ x w\ld n swim1 he might well speak z inde$ he did2 b if he believ$ & knew t x w\ld float1 :y1 toge!r ) ! dubi\s ,problem ( ! ,natation ( broad ,figures1 ?\gh ( pond]\s ,matt]1 ha? he n also introduc$ ! ,"q2 :5ce x proce$s1 t ev5 long & sl5d] ,figures1 h[beit ( ,iron or ,lead d swim8 ,& ! r1 = t ! occasion ( d\bt+ seems great] 9 long & n>r[ ,figures1 ?an 9 broad & ?91 z f ,ari/otles n hav+ d\bt$ ( x1 is manife/$4 ,no less] an inconv5i5ce w\ld !y fa/5 ^u ,ari/otle1 :o 9 8 def5ce %\ld say1 t he means a ,ne$le pretty ?ick1 & n a small "o2 = take x = grant$ to be int5d$ ( a small "o2 & x %all suffice to reply1 t he believ$ t x w\ld swim2 & ,i w aga9 *>ge him ) hav+ avoid$ a m wond]full & intricate ,probleme1 & introduc$ ! m facile & less wond]full4 ,we say freely !re=e1 t ,ari/otle did hold1 t only ! broad ,figure did swim1 b ! long & sl5d]1 su* z a ,ne$le1 n4 ,! :i* nev]!less is false1 z x is also false 9 r\nd ,bodies3 because1 z f :at ha? be5 pr$emon/rat$1 may be ga!r$1 little ,balls ( ,lead & ,iron1 d 9 l mann] swim4 ,sid5ote3 ,ari/otle affirme? "s ,bodies volatile = _! ,m9uity1 ,text4 #db4 ,he propose? likewise ano!r ,conclusion1 :i* likewise seems diff]5t f ! tru?1 & x is1 ,t "s ?+s1 by reason ( _! littl5ess fly 9 ! ,air1 z ! small du/ ( ! ,e>?1 & ! ?9 leaves ( beat5 ,gold3 b 9 my ,op9ion1 ,exp]i5ce %ews u1 t t happ5s n only 9 ! ,air1 b also 9 ! wat]1 9 :i* d desc5d1 ev5 ^? ,p>ticles or ,atomes ( ,e>?1 t di/urbe x1 ^: m9uity is su*1 t !y are n des]vable1 save only :5 !y are _m hundr$s toge!r4 ,!re=e1 ! du/ ( ! ,e>?1 & beat5 ,gold1 d n any way su/a9 !mselves 9 ! ,air1 b desc5d d[nw>ds1 & only fly to & aga9 9 ! same1 :5 /rong ,w9des raise !m1 or o!r agitations ( ! ,air commove !m3 & ?is also happ5s 9 ! commotion ( ! wat]1 :i* raise? its ,s& f ! bottom1 & makes x muddy4 ,b ,ari/otle _c mean ?is imp$im5t ( ! commotion1 ( :i* he makes no m5tion1 nor names o!r ?an ! lightness ( su* ,m9utiae or ,atomes1 & ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,crassitudes ( ! ,wat] & ,air1 by :i* we see1 t he speakes ( a calme1 & n di/urb$ & agitat$ ,air3 b 9 t case1 nei!r ,gold nor ,e>?1 be !y nev] s small1 are su/a9$1 b spe$ily desc5d4 ,sid5ote3 ,democritus plac$ ! ,cause ( ,natation 9 c]ta9 fi]y ,atomes4 ,he passe? next to confute ,democritus#hb1 :i*1 by 8 ,te/imony w\ld h x1 t "s ,fi]y ,atomes1 :i* cont9ually asc5d ?r\gh ! wat]1 d spr+ upw>ds1 & su/a9 ^? grave ,bodies1 :i* are v broad1 & t ! n>r[ desc5d to ! bottom1 = t b a small quantity ( ^? ,atomes1 enc\nt] & resi/ !m4 #hb ,ari/ot4 ,de ,caelo lib4 #d4 cap4 #f4 text4 #dc4 ,i say1 ,ari/otle confutes ?is position#hc1 say+1 t t %\ld mu* m occurre 9 ! ,air1 z ! same ,democritus in/ances aga9/ himself1 b aft] he _h mov$ ! objection1 he slightly resolves x1 ) say+1 t ^? ,corpuscles :i* asc5d 9 ! ,air1 make n _! ,impetus conjunctly4 ,"h ,i w n say1 t ! reason all$g$ by ,democritus is true#hd1 b ,i w only say1 x seems 9 my judgem5t1 t x is n :olly confut$ by ,ari/otle1 :il/ he sai?1 t 7 x true1 t ! calid asc5d+ ,atomes1 %\ld su/a9 ,bodies grave1 b v broad1 x w\ld mu* m be done 9 ! ,air1 ?an 9 ,wat]1 = t haply 9 ! ,op9ion ( ,ari/otle1 ! said calid ,atomes asc5d ) mu* great] ,=ce & ,velocity ?r\gh ! ,air1 ?an ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,& if ?is be s1 z ,i v]ily believe x is1 ! ,objection ( ,ari/otle 9 my judgem5t seems to give occasion ( suspect+1 t he may possibly be deceiv$ 9 m ?an "o p>ticul>3 ,fir/1 because ^? calid ,atomes1 7:e!r !y be ,fi]y ,corpuscles1 or :e!r !y be ,exhalations1 or 9 %ort1 :atev] o!r matt] !y be1 t asc5ds upw>ds ?r\gh ! ,air7 _c be believ$ to m\nt fa/] ?r\gh ,air1 ?an ?r\gh wat]3 b r on ! contr>y1 !y p]adv5ture move m impetu\sly ?r\gh ! wat]1 ?an ?r\gh ! ,air1 z ha? be5 9 "p demon/rat$ above4 ,& "h ,i _c f9de ! reason1 :y ,ari/otle see+1 t ! desc5d+ ,motion ( ! same ,moveable1 is m swift 9 ,air1 ?an 9 wat]1 ha? n adv]tis$ u1 t f ! contr>y ,motion1 ! contr>y %\ld necess>ily foll[2 to wit1 t x is m swift 9 ! wat]1 ?an 9 ! ,air3 = s9ce t ! ,moveable :i* desc5de?1 moves swift] ?r\gh ! ,air1 ?an ?r\gh ! wat]1 if we %\ld suppose its ,gravity gradually to dim9i%1 x w\ld fir/ become su*1 t desc5d+ swiftly ?r\gh ! ,air1 x w\ld desc5d b sl[ly ?r\gh ! wat]3 & !n aga91 x might be su*1 t desc5d+ 9 ! ,air1 x %\ld asc5d 9 ! wat]3 & be+ made yet less grave1 x %all asc5d swiftly ?r\gh ! wat]1 & yet desc5d likewise ?r\gh ! ,air3 & 9 %ort1 be=e x c beg9 to asc5d1 ?\gh b sl[ly ?r\gh ! ,air1 x %all asc5d swiftly ?r\gh ! wat]3 h[ !n is x true1 t asc5d+ ,moveables move swift] ?r\gh ! ,air1 ?an ?r\gh ! wat]8 #hc ,democritus confut$ by ,ari/otle1 text #dc4 #hd ,ari/otles confutation ( ,democritus refut$ by ! ,au?or4 ,t :i* ha? made ,ari/otle believe1 ! ,motion ( ,asc5t to be swift] 9 ,air1 ?an 9 wat]1 0 fir/1 ! hav+ ref]r$ ! ,causes ( sl[ & quick1 z well 9 ! ,motion ( ,asc5t1 z ( ,desc5t1 only to ! div]sity ( ! ,figures ( ! ,moveable1 & to ! m or less ,resi/ance ( ! great] or less] ,crassitude1 or ,r>ity ( ! ,m$ium2 n reg>d+ ! comp>ison ( ! ,excesses ( ! ,gravities ( ! ,moveables1 & ( ! ,m$iums3 ! :i* not)/&+1 is ! mo/ pr9cipal po9t 9 ?is affair3 = if ! augm5tation & dim9ution ( ! ,t>dity or ,velocity1 %\ld h only respect to ! ,d5sity or ,r>ity ( ! ,m$ium1 e ,body t desc5ds 9 ,air1 w\ld desc5d 9 wat]3 because :atev] diff]5ce is f\nd betwe5 ! ,crassitude ( ! wat]1 & t ( ! ,air1 may well be f\nd betwe5 ! ,velocity ( ! same ,moveable 9 ! ,air1 & "s o!r ,velocity3 & ?is %\ld be its prop] ,velocity 9 ! wat]1 :i* is absolutely false4 ,! o!r occasion is1 t he did believe1 t l z !re is a positive & intr9secall ,quality1 :]eby ,elem5t>y ,bodies h a prop5sion ( mov+ t[>ds ! ,c5tre ( ! ,e>?1 s !re is ano!r likewise intr9secall#he1 :]eby "s ( ^? ,bodies h an ,impetus ( fly+ ! ,c5tre1 & mov+ upw>ds3 by ,v]tue ( :i* intr9secall ,pr9ciple1 call$ by him ,levity1 ! ,moveables :i* h t same ,motion m easily p5etrate ! m subtle ,m$ium1 ?an ! m d5se3 b su* a ,proposition appe>s likewise unc]ta91 z ,i h above h9t$ 9 "p1 & z ) ,reasons & ,exp]im5ts1 ,i c\ld demon/rate1 did n ! pres5t ,argum5t importune me1 or c\ld ,i dispat* x 9 few words4 #he ,lib4 #d4 ,cap4 #e4 ,! ,objection !re=e ( ,ari/otle aga9/ ,democritus1 :il/ he sai?1 t if ! ,fi]y asc5d+ ,atomes %\ld su/a9 ,bodies grave1 b ( a di/5d$ ,figure1 x w\ld be m obs]vable 9 ! ,air ?an 9 ! wat]1 because su* ,corpuscles move swift] 9 t1 ?an 9 ?is1 is n good2 yea ! contr>y w\ld ev5e1 = t !y asc5d m sl[ly ?r\gh ! ,air3 &1 besides _! mov+ sl[ly1 !y asc5d1 n unit$ toge!r1 z 9 ! wat]1 b discont9ue1 &1 z we say1 scatt]3 ,&1 !re=e1 z ,democritus well replyes1 resolv+ ! in/ance !y make n _! pu% or ,impetus conjunctly4 ,ari/otle1 9 ! second place1 deceives himself1 :il/ he w h ! said grave ,bodies to be m easily su/a9$ by ! said ,fi]y asc5d+ ,atomes 9 ! ,air ?an 9 ! ,wat]3 n obs]v+1 t ! said ,bodies are mu* m grave 9 t1 ?an 9 ?is1 & t su* a ,body weighs t5 p\nds 9 ! ,air1 :i* w n 9 ! wat] weigh #a_/b an ounce2 h[ c x !n be m easily su/a9$ 9 ! ,air1 ?an 9 ! ,wat]8 ,sid5ote3 ,democritus confut$ by ! ,au?\r4 ,let u conclude1 !re=e1 t ,democritus ha? 9 ?is p>ticul> bett] ,philosophat$ ?an ,ari/otle4 ,b yet w n ,i affirm1 t ,democritus ha? reason'd rightly1 b ,i r say1 t !re is a manife/ ,exp]im5t t ov]?r[s 8 ,reason1 & ?is x is1 ,t if x 7 true1 t calid asc5d+ ,atomes %\ld uphold a ,body1 t if !y did n h9d]1 w\ld g to ! bottom1 x w\ld foll[1 t we may f9d a ,matt] v little sup]i\r 9 ,gravity to ! wat]1 ! :i* be+ r$uc$ into a ,ball1 or o!r contract$ ,figure1 %\ld g to ! bottom1 z enc\ntr+ b few ,fi]y ,atomes2 & :i* be+ di/5d$ aft]w>ds into a dilat$ & ?9 ,plate1 %\ld come to be ?ru/ upw>ds by ! impulsion ( a great ,multitude ( ^? ,corpuscles1 & at la/ c>ri$ to ! v ,surface ( ! wat]3 :i* wee see n to happ52 ,exp]i5ce %ew+ u1 t a ,body v4 gra4 ( a ,sph]icall ,figure1 :i* v h>dly1 & ) v great leasure goe? to ! bottom1 w re/ !re1 & w also desc5d ?i!r1 be+ r$uc$ into :atsoev] o!r di/5d$ ,figure4 ,we mu/ ne$s say !n1 ei!r t 9 ! wat]1 !re are no su* asc5d+ ,fi]y ,atoms1 or if t su* !re be1 t !y are n able to raise & lift up any ,plate ( a ,matt]1 t )\t !m w\ld g to ! bottom3 ,( :i* two ,positions1 ,i e/eem ! second to be true1 und]/&+ x ( wat]1 con/itut$ 9 its naturall ,coldness4 ,b if we take a ,vessel ( ,glass1 or ,brass1 or any o!r h>d matt]1 full ( cold wat]1 )9 :i* is put a ,solid ( a flat or concave ,figure1 b t 9 ,gravity exce$s ! wat] s little1 t x goes sl[ly to ! bottom2 ,i say1 t putt+ "s burn+ ,coals "u ! said ,vessel1 z soon z ! new ,fi]y ,atomes %all h p5etrat$ ! sub/ance ( ! ,vessel1 !y %all )\t d\bt1 asc5d ?r\gh t ( ! wat]1 & ?ru/+ aga9/ ! =esaid ,solid1 !y %all drive x to ! ,sup]ficies1 & !re deta9 x1 z long z ! incursions ( ! said ,corpuscles %all la/1 :i* ceas+ aft] ! removall ( ! ,fire1 ! ,solid be+ ab&on$ by its support]s1 %all return to ! bottom4 ,b ,democritus notes1 t ?is ,cause only takes place :5 we treat ( rais+ & su/a9+ ( ,plates ( ,matt]s1 b v little heavi] ?an ! wat]1 or extreamly ?93 b 9 ,matt]s v grave1 & ( "s ?ickness1 z ,plates ( ,lead or o!r ,mettal1 t same ,effect :olly cease?3 ,9 ,te/imony ( :i*1 let's obs]ve t su* ,plates1 be+ rais$ by ! ,fi]y ,atomes1 asc5d ?r\gh all ! dep? ( ! wat]1 & /op at ! ,conf9es ( ! ,air1 /ill /ay+ "u wat]3 b ! ,plates ( ! ,oppon5ts /ay n1 b only :5 !y h _! upp] ,sup]ficies dry1 nor is !re any means to be us$1 t :5 !y are )9 ! wat]1 !y may n s9k to ! bottom4 ,! cause1 !re=e1 ( ! ,sup]natation ( ! ?+s ( :i* ,democritus speaks is "o1 & t ( ! ,sup]natation ( ! ?+s ( :i* we speak is ano!r4 ,b1 return+ to ,ari/otle#hf1 me?9ks t he ha? m weakly confut$ ,democritus1 ?an ,democritus himself ha? done3 ,= ,ari/otle hav+ prop\nd$ ! ,objection :i* he make? aga9/ him1 & oppos$ him ) say+1 t if ! calid asc5d5t ,corpuscles 7 ^? t rais$ ! ?9 ,plate1 mu* m !n w\ld su* a ,solid be rais$ & born upw>ds ?r\gh ! ,air1 x %ewe? t ! desire 9 ,ari/otle to detect ,democritus1 0 pr$om9ate ov] ! exquisit5ess ( ,solid ,philosophiz+3 :i* desire ( 8 he ha? discov]$ 9 o!r occasions1 & t we may n digress too f> f ?is place1 9 ! ,text prec$5t to ?is ,*apt] :i* we h 9 h&#hg2 :]e he attempts to confute ! same ,democritus = t he1 n cont5t+ himself ) names only1 _h essay$ m p>ticul>ly to decl>e :at ?+s ,gravity & ,levity 72 t is1 ! ,causes ( desc5d+ & asc5d+1 7& _h introduc$ ,repletion & ,vacuity7 ascrib+ ?is to ,fire1 by :i* x moves upw>ds1 & t to ! ,e>?1 by :i* x desc5ds2 aft]w>ds attribut+ to ! ,air m ( ,fire1 & to ! wat] m ( ,e>?4 ,b ,ari/otle desir+ a positive ,cause1 ev5 ( asc5d+ ,motion1 & n z ,plato1 or ^! o!rs1 a simple negation1 or privation1 su* z ,vacuity w\ld be 9 ref]5ce to ,repletion#hh1 argue? aga9/ ,democritus & sai?3 ,if x be true1 z y suppose1 !n !re %all be a great ,mass ( wat]1 :i* %all h m ( ,fire1 ?an a small ,mass ( ,air1 & a great ,mass ( ,air1 :i* %all h m ( ,e>? ?an a little ,mass ( wat]1 :]eby x w\ld ensue1 t a great ,mass ( ,air1 %\ld come m swiftly d[nw>ds1 ?an a little quantity ( wat]3 ,b t is nev] 9 any case soev]3 ,!re=e ,democritus disc\rse? errone\sly4 #hf ,ari/otle %ews 8 desire ( f9d+ ,democritus 9 an ,error1 to exce$ t ( discov]+ ,tru?4 #hg ,cap4 #e4 ,text #da4 #hh ,id4 ibid4 ,b 9 my op9ion1 ! ,doctr9e ( ,democritus is n by ?is allegation ov]?r[n1 b if ,i erre n1 ! mann] ( ,ari/otle d$uction ei!r concludes n1 or if x d conclude any ?+1 x may ) equall =ce be re/or$ aga9/ himself4 ,democritus w grant to ,ari/otle1 t !re may be a great ,mass ( ,air tak51 :i* conta9s m ,e>?1 ?an a small quantity ( wat]1 b yet w d5y1 t su* a ,mass ( ,air1 %all g fa/] d[nw>ds ?an a little wat]1 & t = _m reasons4 ,fir/1 because if ! great] quantity ( ,e>?1 conta9$ 9 ! great ,mass ( ,air1 ought to cause a great] ,velocity ?an a less quantity ( ,e>?1 conta9$ 9 a little quantity ( wat]1 x w\ld be necess>y1 fir/1 t x 7 true1 t a great] ,mass ( pure ,e>?1 %\ld move m swiftly ?an a less3 ,b ?is is false1 ?\gh ,ari/otle 9 _m places affirms x to be true3 because n ! great] absolute1 b ! great] specificall ,gravity1 is ! cause ( great] ,velocity#hi3 nor do? a ,ball ( ,wood1 weigh+ t5 p\nds1 desc5d m swiftly ?an "o weigh+ t5 ,ounces1 & t is ( ! same ,matt]3 b inde$ a ,bullet ( ,lead ( f\r ,ounces1 desc5de? m swiftly ?an a ,ball ( ,wood ( tw5ty ,p\nds3 because ! ,lead is m grave 9 specie ?an ! ,wood4 ,!re=e1 its n necess>y1 t a great ,mass ( ,air1 by reason ( ! mu* ,e>? conta9$ 9 x1 d desc5d m swiftly ?an a little ,mass ( wat]#ij1 b on ! contr>y1 any :atsoev] ,mass ( wat]1 %all move m swiftly ?an any o!r ( ,air1 by reason ! p>ticipation ( ! t]r5e p>ts 9 specie is great] 9 ! wat]1 ?an 9 ! ,air4 ,let u note1 9 ! second place1 h[ t 9 multiply+ ! ,mass ( ! ,air1 we n only multiply t :i* is !re9 ( t]r5e1 b its ,fire also3 :5ce ! ,cause ( asc5d+1 no less encrease?1 by v]tue ( ! ,fire1 ?an t ( desc5d+ on ! acc\nt ( its multipli$ ,e>?4 ,x 0 requisite 9 increas+ ! greatness ( ! ,air1 to multiply t :i* x ha? ( t]r5e only1 leav+ its ,fire 9 its fir/ /ate1 = !n ! t]r5e p>ts ( ! augm5t$ ,air1 ov]com+ ! t]r5e p>ts ( ! small quantity ( wat]1 x might ) m probability h be5 pret5d$1 t ! great quantity ( ,air1 ought to desc5d ) a great] ,impetus1 ?an ! little quantity ( wat]4 #hi ,! great] ,specificall1 n ! great] absolute ,gravity1 is ! ,cause ( ,velocity4 #ij ,any ,mass ( wat] %al move m swiftly1 ?an any ( ,air1 & :y4 ,!re=e1 ! ,fallacy lyes m 9 ! ,disc\rse ( ,ari/otle1 ?an 9 t ( ,democritus1 :o ) sev]all o!r ,reasons might oppose ,ari/otle1 & all$ge2 ,if x be true1 t ! extreame ,elem5ts be "o simply grave1 & ! o!r simply light1 & t ! mean ,elem5ts p>ticipate ( ! "o1 & ( ! o!r ,nature2 b ! ,air m ( ,levity1 & ! wat] m ( ,gravity1 !n !re %all be a great ,mass ( ,air1 ^: ,gravity %all exce$ ! ,gravity ( a little quantity ( wat]1 & !re=e su* a ,mass ( ,air %all desc5d m swiftly ?an t little wat]3 ,b t is nev] se5 to occurr3 ,!re=e its n true1 t ! mean ,elem5ts d p>ticipate ( ! "o1 & ! o!r quality4 ,?is argum5t is fallaci\s1 no less ?an ! o!r aga9/ ,democritus4 ,la/ly1 ,ari/otle hav+ said1 t if ! ,position ( ,democritus 7 true1 x w\ld foll[1 t a great ,mass ( ,air %\ld move m swiftly ?an a small ,mass ( wat]1 & aft]w>ds subjoyn$1 t t is nev] se5 9 any ,case3 me?9ks o!rs may become desir\s to "k ( him 9 :at place ?is %\ld ev5e1 :i* he d$uce? aga9/ ,democritus1 & :at ,exp]im5t tea*e? u1 t x nev] falls out s4 ,to suppose to see x 9 ! ,elem5t ( wat]1 or 9 t ( ! ,air is va91 because nei!r do? wat] ?r\gh wat]1 nor ,air ?r\gh ,air move1 nor w\ld !y ev] by any :atev] p>ticipation o!rs assign !m1 ( ,e>? or ( ,fire3 ! ,e>?1 9 t x is n a ,body fluid1 & yield+ to ! mobility ( o!r ,bodies1 is a mo/ improp] place & ,m$ium = su* an ,exp]im5t3 ,vacuum1 accord+ to ! same ,ari/otle himself1 !re is none1 & 7 !re1 no?+ w\ld move 9 x3 !re rema9s ! ,region ( ,fire1 b be+ s f> di/ant f u1 :at ,exp]im5t c assure u1 or ha? ass]ta9$ ,ari/otle 9 su* sort1 t he %\ld z ( a ?+ mo/ obvi\s to s5ce1 affirm :at he produce? 9 confutation ( ,democritus1 to wit1 t a great ,mass ( ,air1 is mov$ no swift] ?an a little "o ( wat]8 ,b ,i w dwell no long] ^u ?is matt]1 :]eon ,i h spoke suffici5tly3 b leav+ ,democritus1 ,i return to ! ,text ( ,ari/otle1 :]e9 he goes ab\t to r5d] ! true reason1 h[ x comes to pass1 t ! ?9 ,plates ( ,iron or ,lead d swim on ! wat]2 &1 moreov]1 t ,gold x self be+ beat5 into ?9 ,leaves1 n only swims 9 wat]1 b flye? too & aga9 9 ! ,air4 ,he suppose? t ( ,cont9ualls#ia1 "s are easily divisible1 o!rs n3 & t ( ! easily divisible1 "s are m s1 & "s less3 & ^! he affirms we %\ld e/eem ! ,causes4 ,he addes t t is easily divisible1 :i* is well t]m9at$1 & ! m ! m divisible1 & t ! ,air is m s1 ?an ! wat]1 & ! wat] ?an ! ,e>?4 ,&1 la/ly1 suppose? t 9 ea* k9d1 ! lesse quantity is easly] divid$ & brok5 ?an ! great]4 #ia ,de ,caelo l4 #d4 c4 #f4 t4 #dd4 ,"h ,i note1 t ! ,conclusions ( ,ari/otle 9 g5]all are all true1 b me?9ks1 t he applye? !m to p>ticul>s1 9 :i* !y h no place1 z inde$ !y h 9 o!rs1 z = ,example1 ,wax is m easily divisible ?an ,lead1 & ,lead ?an ,silv]1 inasmu* z ,wax receives all ! t]ms m easli] ?an ,lead1 & ,lead ?an ,silv]4 ,its true1 moreov]1 t a little quantity ( ,silv] is easli] divid$ ?an a great ,mass3 & all ^! ,propositions are true1 because true x is1 t 9 ,silv]1 ,lead & ,wax1 !re is simply a ,resi/ance aga9/ ,division1 & :]e !re is ! absolute1 !re is also ! respective4 ,b if z well 9 wat] z 9 ,air1 !re be no ,r5it5ce aga9/ simple ,division1 h[ c we say1 t ! wat] is easli] divid$ ?an ! ,air8 ,we "k n h[ to extricate our selves f ! ,equivocation3 :]eupon ,i return to answ]1 t ,resi/ance ( absolute ,division is "o ?+1 & ,resi/ance ( ,division made ) su* & su* ,velocity is ano!r4 ,b to produce ,re/1 & to abate ! ,motion1 ! ,resi/ance ( absolute ,division is necess>y2 & ! ,resi/ance ( spe$y ,division1 cause? n ,re/1 b sl[ness ( ,motion4 ,b t z well 9 ! ,air1 z 9 wat]1 !re is no ,resi/ance ( simple ,division1 is manife/1 = t !re is n f\nd any ,solid ,body :i* divides n ! ,air1 & also ! wat]3 & t beat5 ,gold1 or small du/1 are n able to sup]ate ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,air1 is contr>y to t :i* ,exp]i5ce %ews u1 = we see ,gold & ,du/ to g wav+ to & aga9 9 ! ,air1 & at la/ to desc5d d[nw>ds1 & to d ! same 9 ! wat]1 if x be put !re91 & sep>at$ f ! ,air4 ,&1 because1 z ,i say1 nei!r ! wat]1 nor ! ,air d resi/ simple ,division1 x _c be said1 t ! wat] resi/s m ?an ! ,air4 ,nor let any object unto me1 ! ,example ( mo/ light ,bodies1 z a ,fea!r1 or a little ( ! pi? ( ,eld]1 or wat]-re$ t divides ! ,air & n ! wat]1 & f ?is inf]1 t ! ,air is easli] divisible ?an ! wat]2 = ,i say unto !m1 t if !y d well obs]ve1 !y %all see ! same ,body likewise divide ! ,cont9uity ( ! wat]#ib1 & subm]ge 9 "p1 & 9 su* a "p1 z t s mu* wat] 9 ,mass w\ld weigh z mu* z ! :ole ,solid4 ,& if !y %al yet p]si/ 9 _! d\bt1 t su* a ,solid s9ks n ?r\gh inability to divide ! wat]1 ,i w return !m ?is reply1 t if !y put x "u wat]1 & !n let x g1 !y %all see x divide ! wat]1 & pres5tly asc5d ) no less cel]ity1 ?an t ) :i* x divid$ ! ,air 9 desc5d+3 s t to say t ?is ,solid asc5ds 9 ! ,air1 b t com+ to ! wat]1 x cease? its ,motion1 & !re=e ! wat] is m difficult to be divid$1 concludes no?+3 = ,i1 on ! contr>y1 w propose !m a piece ( ,wood1 or ( ,wax1 :i* rise? f ! bottom ( ! wat]1 & easily divides its ,resi/ance1 :i* aft]w>ds be+ arriv$ at ! ,air1 /aye? !re1 & h>dly t\*e? x2 :5ce ,i may aswell say1 t ! wat] is m easi] divid$ ?an ! ,air4 #ib ,ar*im$4 ,de ,insid5t4 humi lib4 #b4 prop4 #a4 ,i w n on ?is occasion =be> to give w>n+ ( ano!r fallacy ( ^! p]sons1 :o attribute ! reason ( s9k+ or swimm+ to ! great] or lesse ,resi/ance ( ! ,crassitude ( ! wat] aga9/ ,division1 mak+ use ( ! example ( an ,egg1 :i* 9 sweet wat] goe? to ! bottom1 b 9 salt wat] swims2 & all$g+ = ! cause !re(1 ! fa9t ,resi/ance ( fre% wat] aga9/ ,division1 & ! /rong ,resi/ance ( salt wat]4 ,b if ,i mi/ake n1 f ! same ,exp]im5t1 we may aswell d$uce ! q contr>y2 namely1 t ! fre% wat] is m d5se1 & ! salt m t5u\s & subtle1 s9ce an ,egg f ! bottom ( salt wat] spe$ily asc5ds to ! top1 & divides its ,resi/ance1 :i* x _c d 9 ! fre%1 9 ^: bottom x /ays1 be+ unable to rise upw>ds4 ,into su* l p]plexities1 d false ,pr9ciples ,lead m53 b he t rightly ,philosophat+1 %all ackn[l$ge ! excesses ( ! ,gravities ( ! ,moveables & ( ! ,m$iums1 to be ! ,causes ( ^? effects1 w say1 t ! ,egg s9ks to ! bottom 9 fre% wat]1 = t x is m grave ?an x1 & swime? 9 ! salt1 = t its less grave ?an x3 & %all )\t any absurdity1 v solidly e/abli% 8 ,conclusions4 ,!re=e ! reason totally cease?1 t ,ari/otle subjoyns 9 ! ,text say+#ic2 ,! ?+s1 !re=e1 :i* h great bread? rema9 above1 because !y compreh5d mu*1 & t :i* is great]1 is n easily divid$4 ,su* disc\rs+ cease?1 ,i say1 because its n true1 t !re is 9 wat] or 9 ,air any ,resi/ance ( ,division2 besides t ! ,plate ( ,lead :5 x /ays1 ha? already divid$ & p5etrat$ ! ,crassitude ( ! wat]1 & pr(\nd$ x self t5 or twelve times m ?an its own ?ickness3 besides t su* ,resi/ance ( ,division1 7 x suppos$ to be 9 ! wat]1 c\ld n rationally be affirm$ to be m 9 its sup]i\r p>ts ?an 9 ! middle1 & l[]3 b if !re 7 any diff]5ce1 ! inf]i\r %\ld be ! m d5se1 s t ! ,plate w\ld be no less unable to p5etrate ! l[]1 ?an ! sup]i\r p>ts ( ! wat]2 nev]!less we see t no soon] d we wet ! sup]i\r ,sup]ficies ( ! ,bo>d or ?9 ,piece ( ,wood1 b x precipitatly1 & )\t any ret5sion1 desc5ds to ! bottom4 #ic ,text #de4 ,i believe n aft] all ?is1 t any 7?9k+ p]haps !reby to def5d ,ari/otle7 w say1 t x be+ true1 t ! mu* wat] resi/s m ?an ! little1 ! said ,bo>d be+ put l[] desc5de?1 because !re rema9e? a less ,mass ( wat] to be divid$ by x3 because if aft] ! hav+ se5 ! same ,bo>d swim 9 f\r ,in*es ( wat]1 & also aft] t 9 ! same to s9k1 he %all try ! same ,exp]im5t ^u a pr(undity ( t5 or tw5ty fa?om wat]1 he %all see ! v self same effect4 ,& "h ,i w take occasion to rememb]1 = ! removall ( an ,error t is too common2 ,t t ,%ip or o!r :atsoev] ,body1 t on ! dep? ( an hundr$ or a ?\s& fa?om1 swims ) subm]g+ only six fa?om ( its own height1 or 9 ! ,sea dialect1 t draws six fa?om wat] %all swim 9 ! same mann] 9 wat]1 t ha? b six fa?om & half an ,in* ( dep?#id4 ,nor d ,i on ! o!r side1 ?9k t x c be said1 t ! sup]i\r p>ts ( ! wat] are ! m d5se1 al?\gh a mo/ grave ,au?\r ha? e/eem$ ! sup]i\r wat] 9 ! ,sea to be s1 gr\nd+ 8 op9ion ^u its be+ m salt1 ?an t at ! bottom3 b ,i d\bt ! ,exp]im5t1 :e!r hi!rto 9 tak+ ! wat] f ! bottom1 ! ,obs]vat\r did n light ^u "s spr+ ( fre% wat] !re sp\t+ up3 b we pla9ly see on ! contr>y1 ! fre% ,wat]s ( ,riv]s to dilate !mselves = "s miles beyond _! place ( meet+ ) ! salt wat] ( ! ,sea1 )\t desc5d+ 9 x1 or mix+ ) x1 unless by ! int]v5tion ( "s commotion or turbul5cy ( ! ,w9des4 #id ,a ,%ip t 9 #ajj ,fa?ome wat] drawe? #f ,fa?ome1 %all float 9 #f ,fa?ome & #a_/b an ,in* ( dep?4 ,b return+ to ,ari/otle1 ,i say1 t ! bread? ( ,figure ha? no?+ to d 9 ?is bus9ess m or less1 because ! said ,plate ( ,lead1 or o!r ,matt]1 cut into long ,slices1 swim nei!r m nor less#ie2 & ! same %all ! ,slices d1 be+ cut anew into little pieces1 because its n ! bread? b ! ?ickness t op]ates 9 ?is bus9ess4 ,i say f>!r1 t 9 case x 7 really true1 t ! ,r5it5ce to ,division 7 ! prop] ,cause ( swimm+#if1 ! ,figures m n>r[ & %ort1 w\ld mu* bett] swim ?an ! m spaci\s & broad1 s t augm5t+ ! bread? ( ! ,figure1 ! facility ( sup]natation w be dem9i%$1 & decreas+1 t ?is w encrease4 #ie ,?ickness n bread? ( ,figure to be respect$ 9 ,natation4 #if ,7 ,r5it5ce ! cause ( ,natation1 bread? ( ,figure w\ld h9d] ! swim+ ( ,bodies4 ,& = decl>ation ( :at ,i say1 consid] t :5 a ?9 ,plate ( ,lead desc5ds1 divid+ ! wat]1 ! ,division & discont9uation is made betwe5 ! p>ts ( ! wat]1 inviron+ ! p]imet] or ,circumf]5ce ( ! said ,plate1 & accord+ to ! bigness great] or less] ( t circuit1 x ha? to divide a great] or less] quantity ( wat]1 s t if ! circuit1 suppose ( a ,bo>d1 be t5 ,feet 9 s9k+ x flatways1 x is to make ! sep]ation & division1 & to s speak1 an incission ^u t5 ,feet ( wat]2 & likewise a less] ,bo>d t is f\r ,feet 9 ,p]imet]1 mu/ make an incession ( f\r ,feet4 ,?is grant$1 he t ha? any k 9 ,geometry1 w compreh5d1 n only t a ,bo>d saw$ 9 _m long ?9 pieces1 w mu* bett] float ?an :5 x 0 entire1 b t all ,figures1 ! m %ort & n>r[ !y be1 %all s mu* ! bett] swim4 ,let ! ,bo>d ,a ,b ,c ,d be1 = ,example1 eight ,palmes long1 & five broad1 its circuit %all be tw5ty six ,palmes2 & s _m mu/ ! incession be1 :i* x %all make 9 ! wat] to desc5d !re93 b if we d saw ir1 z suppose into eight little pieces1 accord+ to ! ,l9es ,e ,f1 ,g ,h1 c4 mak+ sev5 ,segm5ts1 we mu/ adde to ! tw5ty six ,palmes ( ! circuit ( ! :ole ,bo>d1 sev5ty o!rs2 :]eupon ! eight little pieces s cut & sep]at$1 h to cut n9ty six ,palmes ( wat]4 ,&1 if moreov]1 we cut ea* ( ! said pieces into five p>ts1 r$uc+ !m into ,squ>es1 to ! circuit ( n9ty six ,palmes1 ) f\r cuts ( eight ,palmes apiece2 we %all adde also sixty f\r ,palmes1 :]eupon ! said ,squ>es to desc5d 9 ! wat]1 mu/ divide "o hundr$ & sixty ,palmes ( wat]1 b ! ,resi/ance is mu* great] ?an t ( tw5ty six2 !re=e to ! less] ,sup]ficies1 we %all r$uce !m1 s mu* ! m easily w !y float3 & ! same w happ5 9 all o!r ,figures1 ^: ,sup]ficies are simul> among/ !mselves1 b diff]5t 9 bigness3 because ! said ,sup]ficies1 be+ ei!r dem9i%$ or encreas$1 always dim9i% or encrease _! ,p]imet]s 9 subduple proportion2 to wit1 ! ,resi/ance t !y f9d 9 p5etrat+ ! wat]2 !re=e ! little pieces gradually swim1 ) m & m facility z _! bread? is less5$4 ,illu/ration ,?is is manife/2 = keep+ /ill ! same height ( ! ,solid1 ) ! same proportion z ! ,base encrease? or dem9i%e?1 do? ! said ,solid also encrease or dim9i%2 :]eupon ! ,solid m dim9i%+ ?an ! ,circuit1 ! ,cause ( ,subm]sion m dim9i%e? ?an ! ,cause ( ,natation3 ,& on ! contr>y1 ! ,solid m encreas+ ?an ! ,circuit1 ! ,cause ( ,subm]sion encrease? m1 t ( ,natation less4 ,& ?is may all be d$uc$ out ( ! ,doctr9e ( ,ari/otle aga9/ 8 own ,doctr9e4 ,la/ly1 to t :i* we read 9 ! latt] "p ( ! ,text#ig1 t is to say1 t we mu/ comp>e ! ,gravity ( ! ,moveable ) ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,m$ium aga9/ ,division1 because if ! =ce ( ! ,gravity exce$ ! ,resi/ance ( ! ,m$ium1 ! ,moveable w desc5d1 if n x w float4 ,i ne$ n make any o!r answ]1 b t :i* ha? be5 already deliv]$2 namely1 t its n ! ,resi/ance ( absolute ,division1 7:i* nei!r is 9 ,wat] nor ,air7 b ! ,gravity ( ! ,m$ium t mu/ be comp>$ ) ! ,gravity ( ! ,moveables2 & if t ( ! ,m$ium be great]1 ! ,moveable %all n desc5d1 nor s mu* z make a totall ,subm]sion1 b a p>tiall only2 because 9 ! place :i* x w\ld occupy 9 ! wat]1 !re mu/ n rema9 a ,body t weighs less ?an a l quantity ( wat]3 b if ! ,moveable be m grave1 x %all desc5d to ! bottom1 & possess a place :]e x is m con=mable = x to rema91 ?an ano!r ,body t is less grave4 ,& ?is is ! only true prop] & absolute ,cause ( ,natation & ,subm]sion1 s t no?+ else ha? "p !re93 & ! ,bo>d ( ! ,adv]s>ies swimme?1 :5 x is conjoyn$ ) z mu* ,air1 z1 toge!r ) x1 do? =m a ,body less grave ?an s mu* wat] z w\ld fill ! place t ! said ,comp\nd occupyes 9 ! wat]2 b :5 !y %all demit ! simple ,ebony into ! wat]1 accord+ to ! ,t5\r ( our ,"q1 x %all alwayes g to ! bottom1 ?\gh x 7 z ?9 z a ,pap]4 #ig ,lib4 #d4 c4 #f4 ,text #de4 ,decoration ,,f9is4 ,decoration 99 99 99 99 99 ,detail$ ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,! text has be5 made to mat* ! orig9al text z mu* z possible includ+ v>iation 9 spell+1 punctuation1 italics etc4 ,! foll[+1 details app>5t pr9t]'s errors z well z *anges or additions to aid readability ( text4 ,page #a1 miss+ full /op aft] abbreviation gr4 '#j gr #ed m94'4 ,page #c1 sid5ote1 miss+ space betwe5 words '! ,au?ority (an ,au?or4'4 ,page #c1 pr9t]'s error1 augm5t>ion = augm5tation '& augm5t>ion ( ,masse'4 ,page #d1 miss+ lett] t '?at t proce$$ n'4 ,page #d1 pr9t]'s error or inconsi/5t punctuation1 'my paynes & "t4 & al?\gh'4 ,page #f1 inconsi/5t punctuation1 full /op aft] axiome :]e z !re are none aft] ^? foll[+ ',,axiome4 ,i4'4 ,page #i1 miss+ full /op add$ to end ( p>agraph 'or else an upright ,prisme4'4 ,page #aa1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] ,c 9 illu/ration1 '! ,prisme ,a ,c ,d ,b to be plac$'4 ,page #ae1 pr9t]'s error or ar*aic lett]+1 f9al y look+ l a #g 9 orig9al text'& ( ! ,specifick ,gravity'4 ,page #af1 pr9t]'s error1 lett] ,n = ,t 9 text to ref] to illu/ration1 'if ! ,vessell ,e ,n ,s ,f'4 ,page #af1 pr9t]'s error1 duplicate ^w 9 text 'equalize? ! ,=ce & & ,mom5t1'4 ,page #ag1 pr9t]'s error1 rhe = ! 'z 9 rhe ,/illi>d1'4 ,page #ag1 miss+ space betwe5 words 'as(t5 z t'4 ,page #ah1 sid5ote1 pr9t]'s error1 specifiaclly = specifically ',a ,solid specifiaclly grav]'4 ,page #bj1 pot5tial pr9t]'s error1 prop]ly = prop]ty1 'b ?is prop]ly !y h'4 ,page #bj1 pr9t]'s error1 n = u 'lose? all au!nticalness'4 ,page #bb1 pr9t]'s error or v>iation 9 spell+1 ,b5onamico = ,buonamico 'x seemes t ,b5onamico'4 ,page #bc1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ i 'accordng to its excess'4 ,page #bd1 miss+ l9e at ! end ( page 9 orig9al text 'its ,region x lose? all'4 ,page #bf1 miss+ lett] n 'unable by its small weight'4 ,page #bi1 miss+ lett] e 't ,i h gone ab\t'4 ,page #cb1 uncle> symbol 9 orig9al text 'o!r ,figure1 c4'4 ,page #cg1 pot5tial pr9t]'s error1 comma 9 unusual position ':atev] ,figure1 goe? always'4 ,page #ch1 miss+ space betwe5 words ',sup]ficies might b$ry3'4 ,page #ci1 miss+ lett] t1 uni$ = unit$ ':i* holds !m uni$'4 ,page #da1 pr9t]'s error1 ,motitions = ,motions 'all ,motitions are made'4 ,page #db1 sid5ote1 possible miss+ lett] e1 ',see :at satisfaction'4 ,page #dc1 pr9t]'s error1 ,subdidivisions = ,subdivisions1 'o!r ,subdidivisions1'4 ,page #di1 miss+ lett] i1 dm9i%+ = dim9i%+ 'or dm9i%+ x by divid+'4 ,page #ej1 sid5ote1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] l1 hep = help 'float by hep ('4 ,page #ec1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] n1 beig = be+ 'beig d\ble 9 ,gravity'4 ,page #ed1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] l1 '%all also desc5d4'4 ,page #ee1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] r1 'to form ,solid ,bodies'4 ,page #ef1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] ,a1 ',cone ,s ,a ,t'4 ,page #eg1 pr9t]'s error1 miss+ lett] t1 '( :i* it may desc5d'4 ,page #eh1 sid5ote1 pr9t]'s error1 inv]t$ n1 ',natation easie/ effect$'4 ,page #ei1 miss+ lett] u1 ')out all ,"q1'4 ,page #ei1 pr9t]'s error1 inv]t$ n1 ') an o!r ,exp]iment'4 ,page #ei1 pot5tial pr9t]'s error1 sid5ote ends ) comma1 ',or r ,contiguity1'4 ,page #fa1 miss+ lett] a1 't 9 ?is case ! wat]1'4 ,page #gd1 pr9t]'s error1 ir = x1 'b if we d saw ir1'4 ,page #ge1 uncle> symbol 9 orig9al text 'c4 mak+ sev5 ,segm5ts'4