,,g>d5 ,,design     ,,by ,,! ,,same     
,,alp9e ,,fl[]s = ,engli% ,g>d5s4       
,second ,edition4    ,,!                
,,sub-,,tropical ,,g>d52 or1 ,beauty (  
,=m 9 ! ,fl[] ,g>d54     ,second        
,edition4    ,,h>dy ,,fl[]s4            
,description ( upw>ds ( #acjj ( ! mo/   
ornam5tal     species1 ) ,directions =  
_! ,arrangem5t1 ,culture1 etc4 ,f\r?    
& ,*eap] ,edition4    ,,! ,,wild ,,g>d52
 or1 ,our ,graves & ,g>d5s made         
beautiful by !     ,naturalisation (    
,h>dy ,exotic ,plants4 ,illu/rat$ by    
,,alfr$ ,,p>sons4     ,second ,edition4 
,john ,murray4    ,,! ,,engli% ,,fl[]   
,,g>d53 ,/yle1 ,position1 & ,arrangem5t4
 ,foll[$     by a ,description ( all !  
be/ ,plants = x--_! ,culture &          
,arrangem5t4 ,second ,edition1 #ahhi4   
,john ,murray4    ,,god',s ,,acre       
,,beautiful2 or1 ,! ,cemet]ies ( !      
,future4 ,?ird ,edition4     ,)         
,illu/rations4 ,london3 ,john ,murray4  
,new ,york3 ,scribn]      ,wel=d4       
,publi%$ 9 a *eap] =m & ) additions "u !

     "n--    ,,cremation ,,&            
,,urn-,,burial4 ,cassell  ,co41 ,limit$4
    ,,! ,,p>ks ,,& ,,g>d5s ,,( ,,p>is4  
,consid]$ 9 ,relation to ! ,wants (     
o!r ,cities1 & ( ,public & ,private     
,g>d5s4 ,be+ notes made 9     ,p>is     
,g>d5s4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,illu/rat$4     
,london3 ,john ,murray4   ,,j\rnals     
,,! ,,g>d54 ,an ,illu/rat$ ,weekly      
,j\rnal ( ,g>d5+ 9 all its     bran*es4 
,vol4 ,,xl4    ,,g>d5+ ,,illu/rat$4 ,=  
,t[n & ,c\ntry4 ,a ,weekly ,j\rnal =    
,amateurs & ,g>d5]s4 ,vol4 ,,xiii4      
,,f>m ,,& ,,home4 ,a ,weekly ,illu/rat$ 
,j\rnal ( ,agriculture 9 all its        
bran*es4 ,/ock1 ,dairy1 ,tillage1       
,/able1 ,pa/ure1 ,or*>d1                
,m>ket-,g>d51 ,p\ltry1 ,h\se4 ,vol4 ,x4 
,,woods ,,& ,,=e/s4 ,a ,weekly          
,illu/rat$ ,j\rnal ( ,=e/ry1 ,ornam5tal 
,plant+1 & ,e/ate ,managem5t4 ,vols4 ,i4
 & ,,ii4 #ahhe4     ,,g>d5 ,,design ,,& 
,,ar*itects' ,,g>d5s      ,two reviews1 
illu/rat$1 to %[1 by     actual examples
 f ,briti% g>d5s1     t clipp+ & align+ 

trees to make     !m 'h>monise' )       
ar*itecture is     b>b>\s1 ne$less1 &   
in>ti/ic      by      ,w4 ,rob9son1     
,f4,l4,s4       ,london3     ,john      
,murray1 ,albem>le ,/reet     #ahib     
,to      ,sir ,philip ,currie1 ,k4,c4,b4
     ,,preface     ,t we might see1 eyes
 7 giv5 u2 & a tongue to tell accurately
   :at we _h got to see4 ,x is ! alpha &
 omega ( all intellect   t man has4 ,no 
poetry1 h>dly ev5 t ( ,goe!1 is equal to
 !   true image ( reality--_h "o eyes to
 see t4--,t4 ,,c>lyle1 ,lett]s   to     
,v>nhag5 ,von ,ense4  ,! "o ,engli% ?+ t
 has t\*$ ! he>t ( ! _w is ! ,engli%    
g>d54 ,pro( ( ?is we h 9 su* noble g>d5s
 z ! ,engli% p>k at ,muni*1 ! g>d5 ( !  
,emp]or ( ,au/ria at ,lax5b]g1 ! ,petit 
,trianon at ,v]sailles1 ! p>ks =m$ (    
rec5t ye>s r\nd ,p>is1 & _m lovely g>d5s
 9 ,europe & ,am]ica4 ,! good s5se (    
,engli% writ]s & l&scape g>d5]s refus$  
to accept z "r or reasonable !          
ar*itect's g>d51 a ?+ set out z bricks &
 /ones are1 & ! v trees ( :i* 7 mutilat$

 to meet 8 views z to design or r to    
prove 8 n be+ able to see ! simple/     
elem5ts ( design 9 l&scape beauty or    
natural =m4 ,& "s way or o!r !y de/roy$ 
ne>ly all signs ( x ?r\gh\t our l&4  ,9 
e c\ntry :]e g>d5s are made we see !    
idea ( ! ,engli% g>d5 gratefully        
accept$2 & ?\gh !re are z yet no        
effective means ( tea*+ ! true art (    
l&scape g>d5+1 we see _m good results 9 
,europe & ,am]ica4 ,no good means h ev] 
be5 devis$ = ! tea*+ ( ?is delightful   
,engli% art4 ,"h & !re a man ( ke5      
sympa?y ) ,nature does good "w1 b (t5 x 
is c>ri$ out by m5 tra9$ = a v diff]5t  
life1 z eng9e]s 9 ! great ,p>is p>ks1 & 
9 our own c\ntry by surveyors & o!rs ^: 
tra9+ (t5 :olly unfits !m = ! /udy ( !  
elem5ts ( beautiful l&scape4 ,?us we d n
 (t5 see good examples ( picturesque    
g>d5 & p>k design1 :ile bad "w is       
common4 ,ev]y:]e--unhappily1 ev5 9      
,engl&1 ! home ( l&scape g>d5+--! too   
frequ5t pres5ce ( /upid "w 9 l&scape    
g>d5+ (f]s "s excuse = ! two reaction>y 

books :i* h lately appe>$--books n wor? 
notice = _! own sake1 z !y contribute   
no?+ to our k ( ! beautiful art ( g>d5+ 
or g>d5 design4 ,b s _m p suppose t     
arti/ic matt]s are m]e que/ions ( w9dy  
argum5t1 t ,i ?9k x well to %[ by       
,engli% g>d5s & c\ntry seats ( to-day t 
! _m sweep+ /atem5ts ( _! au?ors may be 
disprov$ by ref]5ce to actual ?+s1 to be
 se5 by all :o c>e = !m4 ,we live at a  
"t :51 ?r\gh complexity ( ?\ght & spee*1
 arti/ic que/ions h got into a maze (   
confusion4 ,ev5 tea*]s by pr(ession     
confuse !mselves & _! un=tunate pupils )
 vague & hyp]-ref9$ talk ab\t art &     
s*ools & /yles1 :ile all ! "t mu* worse 
"w is done ?an 9 days :5 simpl]1 cle>]  
views 7 held4 ,to prove ?is !re is !    
example ( ! great ,ma/]'s "w & ! et]nal 
laws ( nature1 on ! /udy ( :i* all s]i\s
 art mu/ be = ev] bas$4 ,b5ea? all art  
!re are laws1 h[ev] subtle1 t _c be     
ignor$ )\t error & wa/e2 & 9 g>d5 design
 !re are lessons innum]able bo? 9 wild &
 cultivat$ ,nature :i* w guide u well if

 we seek to und]/& !m simply4  ,^! books
 are made up 9 great "p ( quotations f  
old books on g>d5+--_m ( !m writt5 by m5
 :o knew books bett] ?an g>d5s4 ,:]e !  
au?ors t\* ! gr\nd ( actuality1 !y soon 
%[ little acqua9tance ) ! subject2 &1   
inde$1 !y see no design at all 9 l&scape
 g>d5+ & admit _! ignorance ( x4 ,t m5  
%\ld write on ?+s ( :i* !y h ?\ght      
little is unhappily ( frequ5t occurr5ce1
 b to f9d !m op5ly av[+ _! ignorance ( !
 art !y presume to criticise is new4  ,a
 ^w or two on ! /ate ( ar*itecture      
itself may n be amiss4 ,f ,g[] ,/reet to
 ! new ,law ,c\rts our ar*itecture does 
n seem to be 9 a mu* bett] /ate ?an     
l&scape g>d5+ is1 accord+ to ! ar*itects
 to :om we owe ! ,=mal ,g>d5 & ,g>d5    
,craft6 ,x is ,william ,morris--^:      
design ^! au?ors may respect--:o calls  
,london h\ses mean & idiotic rabbit     
w>r5s3 s t !re is pl5ty to d = ambiti\s 
"y ar*itects to set _! own h\se 9       
arti/ic ord]6  ,z reg>ds =mal g>d5+1 !  
/ate ( "s ( ! be/ old h\ses 9           

,engl&--,longleat1 ,compton-,wynyates1  
,brympton1 & _m o!rs1 :]e trees 9 =mal  
l9es1 clipp$ or o!rwise1 are n se5 9    
connection ) ! ar*itecture--is pro(     
aga9/ ! ne$ ( ! practice4 ,z reg>ds !   
be/ new h\ses1 ,cl\ds1 s well built by  
,mr4 ,philip ,webb1 is n any ! worse =  
its picturesque surr\nd+s1 :i* d n meet 
! ar*itect's s5seless crav+ = ord] &    
balance2 :ile ,bats=d1 c]ta9ly "o ( !   
few really good new h\ses 9 ,engl&1 is n
 disfigur$ by ! fa%ions 9 =mality !     
au?ors wi% to see reviv$1 & ( :i* !y    
give an absurd example 9 a cut (        
,badm9ton4 ,!re is1 9 %ort1 ample pro(1 
furni%$ bo? by ! beautiful old h\ses (  
,engl& & by ^? new ones t h any claim to
 dignity1 t ! sy/em !y seek to revive   
c\ld only br+ co/ly ugl9ess to our      
beautiful home-l&scapes4                
,w4 ,r4    ,july #a1 #ahib4             
,,cont5ts                               
,,page      ,,g>d5 ,,design             
#a      ,,natural ,,& ,,false ,,l9es    
#e      ,,uncultivat$ ,,nature          

#h      ,,! ,,true ,,l&scape            
#ac      ,,build+s ,,9 ,,relation ,,to  
,,! ,,g>d5                       #af    
,,"t ,,& ,,g>d5s                        
#bj      ,,true ,,use ,,( ,a ,,g>d5     
#bc      ,,=mal ,,g>d5+                 
#be      ,,nature1 ,,& ,,:at ,,we ,,mean
 ,,by ,,x                          #ca  
,,all ,,our ,,pa?s ,,are ,,crook$6      
#ce      ,,! ,,only ,,g>d5 ,,possible6  
#dj      ,,no ,,design ,,9 ,,l&scape    
#dc      ,,no ,,grass ,,9 ,,l&scape     
,,g>d5+6                          #df   
,,improv+ ,,batt]sea ,,p>k6             
#ej      ,,nature ,,& ,,clipp$ ,,yews   
#ec      ,,no ,,l9e ,,9 ,,nature6       
#fb      ,,vegetable ,,sculpture        
#ff     ,,illu/rations       ,,rhianva  
,to face page        #b      ,,gr\p ,,( 
,,trees ,,on ,,g>d5 ,,lawn ,,at         
,,gold]',s ,,hill1 ,,hamp/ead           
,page        #d      ,,wakehur/         
,to face page        #f      ,,gilb]t   
,,:ite',s ,,h\se ,,at ,,selborne        
#aj      ,,example ,,( ,,=mal ,,g>d5+   

,page       #ab      ,,longleat         
,to face page       #af      ,,old      
,,place1 ,,l9dfield                     
#ah      ,,arundel ,,ca/le              
#bj      ,,tailpiece                    
,page       #bb      ,,we/ ,,dean       
,to face page       #bd                 
,,a!lhampton ,,hall1 ,,dorset           
#bf      ,,! ,,vic>age ,,g>d51 ,,odiham 
#cj      ,,unclipp$ ,,trees ,,at ,,!    
,,little ,,trianon          ,page       
#cd      ,,we/onbirt                    
,to face page       #cf      ,,?rumpton 
,,hall                                  
#dj      ,,tailpiece                    
,page       #de      ,,goodwood         
,to face page       #df      ,,av5ue ,,9
 ,,p>is                                 
#ej      ,,clipp$ ,,trees ,,at ,,!      
,,little ,,trianon            ,page     
#eb      ,,! ,,grange1 ,,h>tley ,,w9tney
          ,to face page       #ed       
,a ,,yew ,,tree ,,on ,,m\nta91 ,n4      
,,engl&                       #ef       
,,build+ ,,9 ,,p>is                     

#eh      ,,broadl&s1 ,,hants            
#fd      ,,w>r5 ,,h\se1 ,,coombe ,,wood 
#ff      ,,drummond ,,ca/le             
#fh      ,,madresfield                  
#gj      ,,tailpiece                    
,page       #gc       ,! numb] ( ^? :o  
really ?9k s]i\sly be=e !y beg9   to    
write is small2 extremely few ( !m ?9k  
ab\t ! subject   itself2 ! rema9d] ?9k  
only ab\t ! books t h be5   writt5 on   
x4--,,ar?ur ,,s*op5hau]4     ,,g>d5     
,,design#a  #a ,! ,=mal ,g>d5 9 ,engl&4 
,by ,reg9ald ,blomfield & ,f4 ,inigo    
,?omas4 ,london3 ,macmillan & ,co4   ,a 
beautiful h\se 9 a fair l&scape is ! mo/
 delightful sc5e ( ! cultivat$ e>?--all 
! m s if !re be an arti/ic g>d5--! r>e/ 
?+ to f9d6 ,! union--a happy m>riage x  
%\ld be--betwe5 ! h\se beautiful & !    
gr\nd ne> x is wor?y ( m ?\ght ?an x has
 _h 9 ! pa/1 & ! be/ ways ( effect+ t   
union arti/ically %\ld int]e/ m5 m & m z
 our cities gr[ l>g] & our lovely       
,engli% l&scape %r9ks back f !m4 ,!     
views ( old writ]s w help u little1 = a 

:olly diff]5t /ate ( ?+s has aris5 9 ^! 
me*anical days4 ,my own view is t we h  
nev] yet got f ! g>d51 &1 above all1 !  
home l&scape1 half ! beauty :i* we may  
get by aboli%+ ! ne$less =mality &      
geometry :i* disfigure s _m g>d5s1 bo? z
 reg>ds plan & fl[] plant+4 ,=mality is 
(t5 ess5tial 9 ! plan ( a fl[] g>d5 ne> 
a h\se--nev] z reg>ds ! arrangem5ts (   
its fl[]s or %rubs4 ,to array ^! 9 l9es 
or r+s or patt]ns c only be ugly :]ev]  
done6  ,t m5 h nev] yet g5]ally enjoy$ !
 beauty t good g>d5 design may give is  
cle> f ! fact t ! pa9t] is driv5 f !    
g>d56 ,! arti/ dislikes ! common g>d5 ) 
its =mality & b$d+2 he _c help hat+ x6  
,9 a c\ntry place he w seek any?+ b !   
g>d51 b may1 p]haps1 be f\nd ne> a wild 
,rose toss+ ov] ! pig/y4 ,?is dislike is
 natural & "r1 z f mo/ fl[] g>d5s !     
possibility ( any beautiful result is   
%ut out6 ,yet ! beautiful g>d5 exi/s1 & 
!re are numb]s ( cottage g>d5s 9 ,surrey
 or ,k5t t are z pa9table z any bit (   
pure l&scape6  ,illu/ration3 ,rhianva4  

,t]rac$ g>d51 b ) picturesque plant+ &  
fl[] g>d5+  ,:y is ! cottage g>d5 (t5 a 
picture1 & ! g5tleman's g>d5 ne>1 :olly 
%ut out ( ! realm ( art1 a ?+ :i* an    
arti/ _c look at long8 ,x is ! abs5ce ( 
pret5ti\s plan 9 ! cottage g>d5 :i* lets
 ! fl[]s tell _! tale direct2 ! simple  
walks go+ :]e !y are want$2 fl[]s n set 
9 patt]ns2 ! walls & por* alive ) fl[]s4
 ,c ! g5tleman's g>d5 !n1 too1 be a     
picture8 ,c]ta9ly2 ! great] ! bread? &  
means ! bett] ! picture %\ld be4 ,b nev]
 if our =mal decorative /yle ( design is
 kept to4 ,re=m mu/ come by lett+       
,nature take h] j place 9 ! g>d54       
,illu/ration3 ,gr\p ( trees on g>d5 lawn
 at ,gold]'s ,hill1 ,hamp/ead2          
picturesque effect 9 suburban g>d5      
,,natural ,,& ,,false ,,l9es   ,aft] we 
h settl$ ! ess5tial approa*es1 levels1 &
 enclosures = %elt]1 privacy1 or divid+ 
l9es ar\nd a h\se1 ! natural =m or l9es 
( ! e>? h]self are 9 ne>ly all cases !  
be/ to foll[1 & 9 my "w ,i face any     
lab\r to get ! gr\nd back into its      

natural level or fall :]e disfigur$ by  
ugly banks1 l9es1 or angles4  ,9 ! true 
,italian g>d5 on ! hills we h to alt] ! 
natural l9e ( ! e>? or t]race x1 because
 we _c o!rwise cultivate ! gr\nd or move
 at ease ^u x4 ,su* /eep gr\nd exi/s 9  
_m c\ntries1 & :]e x does1 a l plan mu/ 
be foll[$4 ,! /rictly =mal 9 su* gr\nd  
is z "r 9 its way z ! lawn 9 a g>d5 9 ! 
,?ames valley4 ,b ! lawn is ! he>t ( !  
true ,engli% g>d51 & z ess5tial z !     
t]race is to ! g>d5s on ! /eep hills4   
,engli% lawns h too (t5 be5 de/roy$ t   
geometrical g>d5s may be made :]e !y are
 n only ne$less1 b h>mful bo? to ! g>d5 
& home l&scape4 ,sometimes on level     
gr\nd ! t]race walls cut (f ! view ( !  
l&scape f ! h\se1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! h\se
 f ! l&scape6  ,i hold t x is possible  
to get e *>m ( a g>d5 & e use ( a       
c\ntry-seat )\t sacrifice ( !           
picturesque or beautiful2 t !re is no   
reason :y1 ei!r 9 ! work+ or design (   
g>d5s1 !re %\ld be a s+le false l9e 9   
!m4 ,by ?is ,i mean h>d & ugly l9es su* 

z ! e>? nev] foll[s1 z say1 to m5tion a 
place kn[n to _m1 ! banks ab\t ! head ( 
! lake 9 ! ,bois de ,b\logne4 ,^! l9es  
are se5 9 all bad l&scape "w1 ?\gh )    
good workm5 ,i f9d x is z easy to =m    
true & arti/ic l9es z false & ugly ones4
 ,e l&scape pa9t] or obs]v] ( l&scape w 
"k :at is meant "h1 ?\gh ,i fe> x is f> 
beyond ! limits ( ! ideas ( design held 
by ! au?ors ( ! ,=mal ,g>d54 ,also1 t e 
*>m ( ! fl[] g>d5 may be secur$ by      
avoid+ :olly ! knots & scrolls :i* make 
all ! plants & fl[]s ( a g>d51 all its  
joy & life1 subord9ate to ! wret*$      
conv5tional design 9 :i* !y are set out4
 ,! true way is ! opposite4 ,we %\ld see
 ! fl[]s & feel ! beauty ( plant =ms1 ) 
only ! simple/ possible plans to ensure 
good work+1 to secure e scrap ( turf    
want$ = play or lawn1 & = e enjoym5t ( a
 g>d54  ,illu/ration3 ,wakehur/4        
,elizabe?an h\se ) gr\nds n t]rac$      
,,uncultivat$ ,,nature   ,su* views ,i h
 urg$1 & c>ry !m out :5 ,i c1 9 ! hope (
 br++ g>d5+ into a l9e ) art1 f :i* x is

 n[ s (t5 divorc$4 ,x is natural t ^!   
views %\ld meet ) "s opposition1 & !    
consid]ation ( ! ,=mal ,g>d5 gives !    
opportunity ( exam9+ _! value4    ,! "q1
 briefly /at$1 is ?is3 ,are we1 9 lay+  
out our   g>d5s1 to ignore ! h\se1 & to 
reproduce uncultivat$ ,nature to   ! be/
 ( our ability 9 ! g>d58 ,or are we to  
treat ! h\se   & g>d5 z insep>able      
factors 9 "o homog5e\s :ole1 :i* are    
to co-op]ate = "o prem$itat$ result8    
,no sane p]son has ev] propos$ to ignore
 ! h\se4 ,s f> f ignor+ ! h\se 9 my own 
"w1 :]e !re is a beautiful h\se x tells 
me :at to d6 ,unhappily1 ! h\se is (t5 s
 bad t no?+ c prev5t its evil effect on 
! g>d54 ,reproduc+ uncultivat$ ,nature  
is no "p ( good g>d5+1 z ! :ole reason (
 a fl[] g>d5 is t x is a home =         
cultivat$ ,nature4 ,x is ! special *>m (
 ! g>d5 t we may h beautiful natural    
objects 9 _! liv+ beauty 9 x1 b we _c d 
?is )\t c>e & culture to beg9 )6 ,:e!r x
 be ,atlas ,c$> or ,ea/]n ,cypress1     
,lily-tree or ,am]ican ,m\nta9 ,laurel1 

all mu/ be c>$ = at fir/1 & we mu/ "k _!
 ways ( life & gr[? if we are to treat  
!m s t !y w bo? gr[ well & be rightly   
plac$--an ess5tial po9t4 ,& ! m preci\s 
& r>e !y are ! bett] ! place !y %\ld h 9
 ! fl[] g>d5 prop] or pleasure          
gr\nd1--places always ! object ( a c]ta9
 ess5tial am\nt ( c>e ev5 "u ! simple/ &
 wise/ plans4 ,if we wi% to enc\rage    
uncultivat$ ,nature x mu/ surely be a   
little fur!r afield6 ,a wret*$ fl[]less 
p9*$ b$d+ plant & a great yell[ climb+  
,tea ,rose are bo? cultivat$ ?+s1 b :at 
a va/ diff]5ce 9 _! beauty6 ,!re are _m 
k9ds ( cultivat$ ,nature1 & e degree (  
ugl9ess among !m4    ,sir ,c4 ,b>ry's   
idea 0 t ! g>d5 0 gradually to become   
less   & less =mal till x melt$ away    
into ! p>k4 ,compromises su* z   ^!1    
h[ev]1 w be reject$ by ?or\ghgo+ adh]5ts
 ( !   =mal g>d5s :o hold t ! g>d5 %\ld 
be av[$ly sep>at$   f ! adjac5t c\ntry  
by a clean b\nd>y l9e1 a good high wall 
= *oice4 7,! ,=mal ,g>d547  ,w\ld any "o
 put ?is high wall 9 front ( ,gilb]t    

,:ite's h\se at ,selborne1 or ( ,gold]'s
 ,hill at ,hamp/ead1 or _m ,engli% h\ses
 :]e ! erection ( a high wall w\ld cut  
(f ! l&scape8 ,n a ^w ab\t ! va/ v>iety 
( su* situations1 ea* ( :i* w\ld require
 to be treat$ 9 a way q diff]5t f ! re/6
 ,!re are _m places 9 e c\nty t w\ld be 
robb$ ( _! be/ *>ms by sep>at+ ! g>d5 f 
! adjac5t c\ntry by a good high wall4   
,illu/ration3 ,gilb]t ,:ite's h\se at   
,selborne4 ,example ( _m g>d5s ) lawn   
com+ to w9d[s & fl[]s on its m>g9    ,! 
cu/om ( plant+ av5ues & cutt+ /raight   
l9es ?r\gh !   woods surr\nd+ ! h\se to 
radiate 9 all directions 0 a   dep>ture 
f t /rictly logical sy/em :i* sep>at$ ! 
g>d5   f ! p>k1 & left ! latt] to take  
c>e ( itself1 a sy/em   :i* frankly     
subord9at$ ,nature to art )9 ! g>d5     
wall1 b   9 return gave ,nature an      
absolutely free h& outside x4 7,! ,=mal 
,g>d547  ,nature an absolutely free h&6 
,imag9e a great p>k or any "p ( an e/ate
 be+ left to ,nature ) an absolutely    
free h&6 ,if x 71 9 a g5]ation !re w\ld 

be v little to see b ! edge ( ! wood4   
,call\s to ! beauty ( ,engli% p>ks1 he  
does n "k t !y are ! object ( mu* c>e1 &
 he abuses all ^? :o ev] =m$ !m1 ,br[n1 
,repton1 & ! re/4  ,illu/ration3        
,example ( =mal g>d5+1 ) clipp$ trees & 
clipp$ %rubs 9 co/ly tubs     ,,! ,,true
 ,,l&scape   ,mr4 ,blomfield writes     
nons5se1 & !n attributes x to me--    t 
is to say1 we g to ,claude1 & hav+      
saturat$ our m9ds )   8 rocks & trees1  
we return to ,nature & try to worry h]  
into a   resemblance to ,claude4  ,i am 
nev] conc]n$ ) ,claude1 b seek ! be/    
expression ,i c secure ( our beautiful  
,engli% real l&scapes1 :i* are f> f9]   
?an ,claude's4 ,at lea/ ,i nev] saw any 
pa9t$ l&scape l !m--say t f ! ,*e/nut   
,walk at ,%rubl&1 look+ ov] ! lovely    
,suffolk c\ntry4 ,t is ! preci\s h]itage
 we h to keep4 ,& t is :]e simple &     
picturesque g>d5+ w help u by mak+ !    
g>d5 a beautiful =egr\nd = ! true       
l&scape1 in/ead ( cutt+ x (f ) a high   
wall or any?+ else t is ugly & ne$less4 

,! lawns are n to be left 9 broad       
expanse1 b to h ,pampas   ,grasses1     
=eign %rubs1 etc41 dott$ ab\t on !      
surface4  ,i h f\ght = ye>s aga9/ !     
lawn-de/ruction by ! t]race-build]s &   
b$d+-out g>d5]s6 ,b h[ are we to h our  
lawns 9 broad expanse if we build a high
 wall ne> ! h\se to cut (f ev5 !        
possibility ( a lawn8 ,?is has be5 done 
9 too _m cases to ! ru9 ( all good      
effect & repose1 (t5 to %ut out z good  
l&scapes z ev] 7 pa9t$6 ,!re are        
flagrant cases 9 po9t to be f\nd 9      
private g>d5s 9 ! suburbs ( ,london4    
,!re is mu* bad & ignorant l&scape "w z 
!re is bad build+ ev]y:]e1 b errors 9 t 
way are m easily remov$ ?an mi/akes 9   
co/ly & aimless "w 9 brick & /one4 ,at  
,coombe ,cottage1 :5 ,i fir/ saw its    
useless t]race wall %utt+ out !         
beautiful valley view f ! liv+ rooms1 ,i
 spoke ( ! error t _h be5 made1 b ! own]
 ?\ght t1 z x _h co/ him a ?\s& p\nds1  
he _h bett] leave x :]e x 06            
,,build+s ,,9 ,,relation ,,to ,,! ,,g>d5

   ,! place ( =mal g>d5+ is cle> = ev]4 
,! ar*itect c help ! g>d5] mu* by build+
 a beautiful h\se6 ,t is 8 "w4 ,! true  
ar*itect1 x seems to me1 w\ld seek to g 
no f>!r4 ,! bett] ! real "w ( ! ar*itect
 is done1 ! bett] = ! g>d5 & l&scape4   
,if !re are any difficulties ( level    
ab\t ! h\se beautiful1 !y %\ld be dealt 
) by ! ar*itect1 & ! bett] 8 "w & !     
necess>y t]rac+1 if any1 are done1 !    
pleasant] ! "w ( ! l&scape or o!r g>d5] 
:o has to foll[ him %\ld be4            
,illu/ration3 ,longleat4 ,type ( nobl]  
,engli% c\ntry seat ) old h\se &        
picturesque plant+  ,t a g>d5 is made = 
plants is :at mo/ p :o c>e = g>d5s      
suppose4 ,if a g>d5 has any use1 x is to
 treasure = u beautiful fl[]s1 %rubs1 & 
trees4 ,9 ^! days--:5 our ways ( build+ 
are ! laugh+-/ock ( all :o c>e =        
beautiful build+s--!re is pl5ty = !     
ar*itect to d )\t spoil+ our g>d5s6 ,mo/
 ( ! h\ses built 9 our "t are s bad1 t  
ev5 ! be/ g>d5+ c\ld h>dly save !m f    
contempt4 ,our g>d5 flora is n[ s l>ge1 

t a life's "w is almo/ necess>y to "k x4
 ,h[ is a man to make g>d5s wisely if he
 does n "k :at has to be gr[n 9 !m8 ,i d
 n mean t we are to exclude o!r m5 ?an !
 l&scape g>d5] prop] f ! g>d54 ,we want 
all ! help we c get f ^? ^: ta/es &     
tra9+ enable !m to help u--! l&scape    
pa9t] be/ ( all1 if he c>es = g>d5s &   
trees--! c\ntry g5tleman1 or any ke5    
/ud5t & lov] ( ,nature4 ,! l&scape g>d5]
 ( ! pres5t day is n always :at we      
admire1 8 "w (t5 look+ m l t ( an       
eng9e]4 ,8 g>d5+ ne> ! h\se is usually a
 repetition ( ! decorative "w ( ! h\se1 
( :i* ,i hope _m arti/ic p are already  
tir$4 ,& z ,i ?9k p w ev5tually see !   
evil & ! wa/efulness ( ?is decorative   
/uff1 & sp5d _! money on really         
beautiful & arti/ic ?+s1 s ,i ?9k ! same
 (t5-repeat$ knots & frivol\s patt]ns   
mu/ leave ! arti/ic g>d51 & simpl] &    
dignifi$ =ms take _! place4  ,to        
endeav\r to apply any "o preconceiv$    
plan or g5]al idea to e site is folly1 &
 ! s\rce ( _m blund]s4 ,! au?ors are n  

bl9d to ! absurdities ( ! ar*itectural  
g>d5]s1 & say1 on page #bcb3--    ,r[s (
 /atues 7 introduc$ f ! ,fr5*1 co/ly    
ar*itecture   sup]s$$ ! simple t]race1  
intricate p>t]res 7 laid out f   g>d5]s'
 patt]n books1 & mean:ile ! fl[]s 7     
=gott54 ,x   0 well t all ?is pomp %\ld 
be swept away4 ,we d n want ?is         
extravagant /atu>y1 ^! absurdities 9    
clipp$ "w1 ?is   aggressive prodigality4
 ,b ?\gh "o w\ld admit t 9 its decay   !
 =mal g>d5 became unmanageable & absurd1
 ! abuse is no   argum5t aga9/ ! use4   
,c]ta9ly n :]e ! place calls = x1 & all 
absolutely necess>y /one-"w ab\t a h\se 
%\ld be controll$ by ! ar*itect2 beyond 
t1 no?+4 ,to let him lay out our home   
l&scapes aga9 ) l9es ( trees1 z %[n 9 ! 
old ,dut* books1 & ) no reg>d to l&scape
 design & to ! relations ( ! g>d5 to !  
surr\nd+ c\ntry1 w\ld be ! greate/ evil 
t c\ld come to ! beautiful home l&scapes
 ( ,brita94  ,illu/ration3 ,old ,place1 
,l9dfield4 ,picturesque g>d5 ( old      
,engli% h\se1 admitt+ ( *>m+ v>iety 9   

its vegetation     ,,"t ,,& ,,g>d5s   ,n
 "o ^w ( ! swift work]1 ,"t6 ,its effect
 on g>d5s is "o ( ! fir/ consid]ations4 
,=tress-t[n1 ca/le1 & moat all )\t fur!r
 use6 ,9 old days g>d5s _h to be set )9 
! walls2 h5ce1 =mal 9 outl9e1 ?\gh (t5  
*>m+ inside4 ,to keep all t rema9s ( su*
 %\ld be our fir/ c>e2 nev] to imitate  
!m n[6 ,_m old g>d5s ( ?is sort t rema9 
to u are f> m beautiful ?an ! mod]n =mal
 g>d5+1 :i* by a /range p]v]sity has be5
 kept nak$ ( plants or fl[] life6 ,:5   
safety came f civil w>1 !n came to u !  
(t5 beautiful ,elizabe?an h\se1 free (  
all moat or trace ( w>4 ,at "o "t x 0   
ra% to make a g>d5 away f ! protect+    
walls4 ,n[1 any day 9 a c\ntry place    
beautiful situations may be f\nd = c]ta9
 k9ds ( g>d5s f> away f ! h\se1 out (   
sight ( x (t54  ,illu/ration3 ,arundel  
,ca/le4 ,example ( situation 9 :i* a    
c]ta9 am\nt ( t]rac+ is ess5tial4 ,?is  
does n necess>ily mean t ! vegetation   
ar\nd %\ld be 9 =mal l9es1 z mu* bett] &
 m arti/ic effects are obta9$ o!rwise   

,aga91 9 ! home fight+ days !re 0 less  
art away f ! home4 ,rugg$ wa/es & hills2
 va/ woodl& di/ricts ne> ,london2 ev5   
small h\ses moat$ to keep ! cattle f    
wolves--fe> ( ! r\gh hills & woods6 ,9  
^? days an ext5sion ( ! decorative "w ( 
! h\se into ! g>d5 _h "s novelty to c>ry
 x (f1 :ile ! k9ds ( cultivat$ trees &  
%rubs 7 few4 ,h5ce if ! old g>d5]s want$
 an ev]gre5 l9e1 h$ge1 or bu% ( a c]ta9 
height1 !y clipp$ an ev]gre5 tree into !
 size !y want$4 ,not)/&+ ?is we h no    
evid5ce t any?+ l ! geometrical monotony
 (t5 se5 9 our own "t exi/$ !n4 ,to-day 
! ev]-gr[+ city1 pu%+ its h>d face ov] !
 once beautiful l&1 %\ld make u wi% m & 
m to keep su* beauty ( ! e>? z may be   
/ill possible to u4 ,! horror ( railway 
embankm5ts1 :]e 7 once ! beautiful      
suburbs ( ,london1 cries to u to save   
all we c save ( ! natural beauty ( !    
e>?4  ,illu/ration3 ,tailpiece          
,,true ,,use ,,( ,a ,,g>d5     ,x is    
surely fly+ 9 ! face ( ,nature to fill  
our g>d5s )   tropical plants1 z we are 

urg$ to d by ! writ]s on l&scape        
g>d5+1 ignor+ ! entire diff]5ce (       
climate & ! fact t   a col\r :i* may    
look sup]b 9 ! mid/ ( o!r /rong col\rs  
w look gaudy & vulg> among/ our sob]    
t9ts1 & t a leaf   l t ( ! ,yucca1 :i*  
may be all v well 9 its own c\ntry1   is
 out ( scale & "* amid/ ! mode/ foliage 
( our   ,engli% trees4 7,! ,=mal ,g>d547
  ,a passage full ( nons5se6 ,! true use
 & fir/ reason ( a g>d5 is to keep & gr[
 = u plants n 9 our woods & mo/ly f o!r 
c\ntries ?an our own6 ,! ,yucca1 we are 
told by ! au?ors1 is a plant out ( scale
 & "* among ! mode/ foliage ( our       
,engli% trees6 ,! ,yuccas ( our g>d5s   
are natives ( ! (t5 cold pla9s ( ,ea/]n 
,am]ica1 h>dy 91 & 9 e way fitt$ =1     
,engli% g>d5s1 b n amid/ ,engli% trees4 
,is ! aim ( ! fl[]-g>d5 to %[ ! mode/   
foliage ( ,engli% trees :5 almo/ e      
c\ntry h\se is surr\nd$ by our native   
woods8 ,accord+ to su* *ildi% views1 !  
noble ,c$>s 9 ! p>k at ,goodwood & on ! 
lawn at ,pa9's ,hill are out ( place    

!re6 ,:at is decl>$ by ,mr4 ,blomfield  
to be absurd is ! s\l ( true g>d5+--to  
%[1 on a small scale x may be1 "s ( !   
preci\s & inexhau/ible lovel9ess (      
vegetation on pla9 or wood or m\nta94   
,?is is ! necess>y & absolutely only    
true1 j & fair use ( a g>d56            
,illu/ration3 ,we/ ,dean4 ,example (    
c\ntry seat 9 :i* t]rac+ is ne$less1 & 9
 :i* turf may & inde$ mu/ (t5 come to at
 lea/ "o side ( ! h\se     ,,=mal       
,,g>d5+   ,! v "n ( ! book is a mi/ake4 
,=mal g>d5+ is rightly appli$ only to ! 
g>d5s 9 :i* bo? ! design & plant+ 7 =mal
 & /upidly =mal l ! upp] t]race ( !     
,cry/al ,palace1 ,k5s+ton ,gore1 z laid 
out by ,nesfield1 ,crewe ,hall2 &       
,%rubl&1 z laid out by ,b>ry1 9 :i*1 z 9
 o!rs ( ^! ar*itects' g>d5s1 /rict ord]s
 7 giv5 t no plants 7 to be all[$ on !  
walls4 ,! ar*itect 0 s pr\d ( 8 design1 
t he did n want ! g>d5] at all1 except  
to p\nd up bricks to take ! place ( fl[]
 col\r6 ,x may be necess>y to expla9 to 
"s t ?is p\nd$ brick & tile 9 lieu (    

col\rs has frequ5tly be5 laid d[n 9     
fl[]-g>d5s 9 our own day4 ,to old g>d5s 
l ,haddon & ,rock+ham1 9 :i* !          
vegetation ab\t ! h\se is p]fectly free 
& natural 9 =m1 ! t]m =mal g>d5+ is q   
unfitt$4    ,b ^? :o attack ! old       
,engli% =mal g>d5 d n take !   tr\ble to
 und]/& its v consid]able diff]5ces f ! 
,cont95tal g>d5s ( ! same p]iod4  ,no "o
 has attack$ old ,engli% g>d5s4 ,"p ( my
 "w has be5 to pres]ve mu* record ( _!  
beauty4 ,! necess>y t]races r\nd h\ses l
 ,haddon may be & are z beautiful z any 
g>d5 ev] made by man4 ,c any?+ be m     
unlike ?an ! delicate veil ( beautiful  
climb]s & fl[]s ov] ! grey walls ( !    
c\rty>d at ,igh?am ,mote & ! walls ( "s 
g>d5s ( our own day8 ,! great d>k rock-l
 feudal ,b]keley is clad ) ,fig & ,v9e &
 ,rose z f> z !y c rea*4 ,no trace 9 ^! 
old g>d5s ( ! mod]n l&scape ar*itect1 :o
 said1 ,my walls are n made = plants1 & 
= my b$s ,i pref] col\r$ brick6         
,illu/ration3 ,a!lhampton ,hall1        
,dorset4 ,old ,engli% h\se ) trees 9 _! 

natural =m  ,:at1 !n1 is ! k9d ( ,=mal  
,g>d5+ t is bad8 ,x is ! purely =mal or 
/one g>d5 made = its own sake1 (t5 )\t a
 %ad[ ( excuse4 ,! g>d5 ( ! ,cry/al     
,palace 9 "p2 ! /one g>d5 at ! head ( ! 
,s]p5t9e2 ,v]sailles2 ! ,gr& ,trianon2  
,cas]ta1 ,s*o5brunn are among ! public  
g>d5s ( ,europe :]e ?is k9d ( g>d5 is   
se54 ,great h>m has come to _m a fair   
,engli% lawn ?r\gh ?is sy/em4 ,let u    
le>n by "o in/ance1 easily se51 ! h>m   
done 9 =mal g>d5+1 ev5 :]e ! gr\nd call$
 = an am\nt ( t]rac+ n usual 9 ! pla9s &
 mo/ly g5tle lawns ( ,engl&--,i mean !  
fl[]-g>d5 at ,%rubl& ,p>k1 laid out by  
,sir ,*>les ,b>ry1 ( :i* ,i h rec5tly   
alt]$ ! plan & :i* ,i plant$ ) graceful 
life :]e ,i f\nd b>e walls4  ,we w      
assume t ! ma9 t]race l9es "h are "r1 z 
! place /&s on a bluff1 & speak ( a     
second>y evil ( ?is =mal g>d5+1 :i*     
arose1 ,i ?9k1 ab\t ! "t ,b>ry laid out 
,%rubl&4 ,t 0 t ! walls ( ! h\se or g>d5
 7 n to be grac$ by plants1 & t to      
secure ! keep+ ( ! design1 col\r$       

gravels 7 to take ! place ( fl[]s4 ,?is 
rule1 z is well kn[n1 has be5 c>ri$ out 
9 _m g>d5s--x 0 rigid "h4 ,i see x 9 "s 
( ! new g>d5s1 & 9 ask+ at ,wor? ,p>k :y
 a long t]ra-cotta wall _h n climb]s on 
x1 0 told ! design] w\ld n all[ x6  ,yet
 ,nature clo!s ! rock walls ) beautiful 
life1 ev5 to ! sn[ l9e1 :]e ! gems ( !  
fl[] _w /a9 ! rocks ) lovelie/ fl[]s4 ,!
 crag walls ( e alp9e valley are h]     
g>d5s2 ! ,h>ebells toss _! azure bells f
 ! seams ( ! /ones 9 ! bridges across ! 
m\nta9 /reams2 ! ru9s ( ! temples ( !   
great peoples ( old1 :o really c\ld     
build nobly1 gr[ _m a wild fl[]4 ,ev5 :5
 we take ! /one & build ) x1 t5d] col\rs
 ( l[ly plants soon come & clo! ! /one4 
,b ! mak] ( ^! mis]able g>d5 walls1 )\t 
use or ne$1 says 9 effect1 ,"h ,nature  
%all n come to hide my clev]ness4 ,i h  
built walls1 & b>e !y mu/ be6  ,well1 ) 
?is b>5ess ( ! wall !re 7 ! usual       
geometrical patt]n b$s1 _m fill$ ) s& & 
brok5 /one1 & only v l[ & =mal b$s (    
fl[]s p9*$ into v l[ c>pets1 ) mu* ,box 

(t5 edg+ b$s a foot across4 ,:5 ,i fir/ 
w5t "o spr+ day ) ,mr4 ,saum>ez1 we saw 
a l>ge %[y b$1 & on go+ ne>1 f\nd x     
compos$ ( pieces ( brok5 brick pa9t$    
yell[1 blue1 & r$6  ,s1 ap>t f ne$less  
=mality ( design & b>e walls :]e no     
walls 7 want$1 !re 0 (t5 an ugly =mality
 ( detail1 a s5seless attempt to leave  
,nature out ( ! g>d51 an outrage aga9/  
all t ev] has or ev] c make a g>d5      
delightful ?r\gh\t ! ye> by rul+ t ev5 !
 walls ( ! h\se %\ld n %elt] a ,rose6 ,&
 t is only "p ( :at we get by lett+     
build]s & decorators wa/e preci\s means 
9 /one t %\ld be devot$ to ! liv+       
treasures ( g>d51 lawn1 or wood4        
,illu/ration3    ,! =mal g>d51 ) its    
insi/5ce on /rong b\nd+ l9es1 is1       
/rictly speak+1 ! only g>d5             
possible4--,r4 ,f4 ,,blomfield  ,!      
,vic>age ,g>d51 ,odiham4 ,"o ( num]\s   
,briti% g>d5s 9 :i* ! conditions "h     
decl>$ to be ess5tial are abs5t         
,,nature ,,& ,,:at ,,we ,,mean ,,by ,,x 
,z to a natural s*ool ( l&scape g>d5+1 !

 au?ors say3    ,a great deal is said   
ab\t ,nature & h] beauty1 & fidelity to 
,nature1 & s on2 b z ! l&scape g>d5]    
nev] takes !   tr\ble to /ate precisely 
:at he means by ,nature1 &1 inde$1      
pref]s to use ! ^w 9 half a doz5 diff]5t
 s5ses1 we are n   v mu* ! wis] s f> z  
pr9ciples are conc]n$4  ,!y make ?is    
/atem5t z if all beautiful natural      
l&scape 7 a clos$ book2 z if !re 7 no   
/ately ,yews1 9 natural =ms1 on ! ,m]r[ 
,d[ns1 z well z clipp$ ,yews at         
,elva/on2 z if ! tree-fr+$ m\nta9 lawns 
( ,switz]l& did n exi/2 or lovely       
ev]gre5 glades on ! ,cali=nian m\nta9s1 
or wild ,azalea g>d5s on ^? ( ,c>ol9a1  
or ev5 naturally-gr[n ,planes 9 ,london 
squ>es4  ,!re are _m g>d5s & p>ks :i*   
cle>ly %[ :at is meant by ! natural     
/yle2 & ?\gh1 l o!rs1 ?is art is too (t5
 imp]fect1 we h s _m in/ances ( its     
success1 t x is curi\s to f9d any "o    
%utt+ 8 eyes to !m4 ,!re are lessons 9  
picturesque g>d5+ 9 e c\ntry 9 ,europe &
 9 _m p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,mr4        

,olm/ead's "w 9 ,am]ica & ,mr4 ,rob]t   
,m>nock's 9 ,engl& tea* !m2 !y may be   
le>nt 9 _m ,engli% g>d5s--f ,sir ,ri*>d 
,ow5's little g>d5 9 ,ri*mond ,p>k to   
,dunkeld--ev5 small rectory & cottage   
g>d5s1 :olly free ( ar*itectural aids1  
%[ ! pr9ciple4 ,x 0 b a few weeks ago1 9
 ! g>d5 ( ! ,engli% ,embassy 9 ,p>is1 t 
,i 0 /ruck ) ! simplicity ( ! lawn &    
plan ( ! g>d5 !re1 & its fitness = a    
h\se 9 a city4  ,to support _! idea t   
!re is & c be no natural s*ool ( l&scape
 g>d5+1 ! au?ors suppose :at does n     
exi/1 & describe    ,a piece ( gr\nd    
laid out ) a /udi$ avoidance ( all ord]1
 all   balance1 all def9ite l9es1 & !   
result a hopeless disagreem5t   betwe5 !
 h\se & its surr\nd+s4 ,?is v effect c  
be se5   9 ! ef=ts ( ! l&scape g>d5]1 & 
9 old c\ntry h\ses1   su* z ,b>r+ton    
,c\rt1 ne> ,langport1 :]e ! g>d5s h n   
be5 kept up4  ,"h1 in/ead ( tak+ "o ( ! 
_m good examples 9 ,brita91 !y take     
poor1 beautiful old ,b>r+ton1 n[ an     
ill-kept f>mh\se1 ) manure pil$ aga9/ ! 

walls & ! ceil+ ( ! d9+-room propp$ up )
 a ,fir pole6 ,! fooli% proposition "h  
laid d[n1 t1 because a g>d5 is          
picturesque !re mu/ necess>ily be a     
/udi$ avoidance ( all ord]1 all balance1
 all def9ite l9es1 is disprov$ by       
hundr$s ( g>d5s 9 ,engl&4 ,:y did n !   
au?ors take ,miss ,alice de ,ro?s*ild's 
g>d5 at ,ey?orpe1 or any beautiful &    
picturesque ,engli% g>d51 to comp>e ) _!
 results 9 /one & clipp$ & align$ trees8
  ,illu/ration3 ,unclipp$ trees at !    
,little ,trianon4 7,comp>e ) cut on p4  
#eb47     ,,all ,,our ,,pa?s ,,are      
,,crook$6     ,= in/ance1 because       
,nature is assum$ nev] to %[ /raight    
l9es1   all pa?s are to be made crook$2 
because 9 a virg9 =e/ !re are   no pa?s 
at all1 let u 9 our acre & a half ( g>d5
 make z   little ( ! pa?s z possible4   
,deception is a prim>y object ( !       
l&scape g>d5]4 7,! ,=mal ,g>d547  ,?is1 
too1 9 ! face ( ! facts ( ! case1 ( pro(
 ready = ! au?ors1 9 g>d5s 9 e c\ntry1 f
 ,prospect ,p>k at ,brooklyn to !       

,engli% p>k at ,muni*4 ,! fact t !      
,pho5ix ,p>k at ,dubl9 is laid out 9 a  
f9e1 picturesque way does n =bid a great
 /raight road ?r\gh x--a road f9] ?an 9 
any /rait-lac$ p>k 9 ,france4 ,! late   
,rob]t ,m>nock 0 ! be/ l&scape g>d5] ,i 
h kn[n1 & ,i nev] saw "o ( 8 _m g>d5s   
:]e he did n make an ample /raight walk 
:]e an ample /raight walk 0 requir$--z1 
inde$1 _m may rememb] is ! case 9 !     
,botanic ,g>d5s 9 ! ,reg5t's ,p>k1 laid 
out by him4    ,aga91 ,nature is said to
 pref] a curv$ l9e to a /raight1 & x is 
!nce inf]r$ t all ! l9es 9 a g>d51 &    
especially pa?s1   %\ld be curv$4    ,! 
utt] contempt = design ( ! l&scape g>d5]
 is %[n mo/   conspicu\sly 9 8 treatm5t 
( pa?s4 ,he lays !m ab\t at r&om1   &   
keeps !m s n>r[ t !y look l ?reads1 &   
!re is   b>ely room to walk abrea/4  ,! 
opposite ( ?is is inde$ ! tru?1 = _m    
g>d5s & p>ks laid out ) "s reg>d to     
l&scape beauty are p>tly spoil$ by !    
size & numb] ( ! walks1 z 9 ! g>d5s     
ar\nd ,p>is--! ,p>c ,monceau & ,buttes  

,*aumont1 = in/ance4 ,! slighte/ k (    
g>d5s w\ld %[ t walks l ?reads are no   
necess>y "p ( l&scape g>d5+6            
,illu/ration3 ,we/onbirt  ,?is error %[s
 well ! effect ( m5 read+ & writ+ ab\t  
:at !y h n se54  ,! axiom on :i* l&scape
 g>d5+ re/s is decl>$ by ,messrs4       
,blomfield & ,?omas to be    ,:atev]    
,nature does is "r2 !re=e let u g & copy
 h]   7p4 #e74  ,"h is a poor sne] at   
true art1 n only at art 9 l&scape g>d5+1
 b 9 all ! f9e arts4 ,! c5tral &        
ess5tial idea ( ! l&scape art is *oice (
 :at is beautiful--n tak+ ! salt wa/e 9 
,utah1 or a field ( we$s1 or a ,wel%    
slope ( decay$ slate1 or ! bog ( ,all51 
or ! ?\s& o!r ?+s 9 ,nature t are       
monoton\s or dull to u1 ev5 ?\gh "h &   
!re beautiful z a wide bog may be4 ,we c
 h 9 a g>d5 a gr\p ( ,scot* ,firs z good
 9 =m z a f9e gr\p 9 wild ,nature1 & s (
 ! ,c$> ( ,lebanon & _m ( ! lovely trees
 ( ! _w4 ,we c h bits ( rock alive )    
alp9e fl[]s1 or pieces ( lawn fr+$ )    
trees 9 _! natural =ms & z graceful z ! 

alp9e lawns on ! ,jura4  ,s ( all o!r   
true art4 ,! ,v5us ( ,milo is f a noble 
type ( woman--n a mean ,greek4 ,! horses
 ( ! ,p>!non are ! be/ types ( ,ea/]n   
bre$1 full ( life & beauty1 n sickly    
bea/s4 ,great l&scape pa9t]s l ,corot1  
,turn]1 & ,troyon %[ u 9 _! "w !        
absurdity ( ?is /atem5t s imp]t95tly    
us$4 ,!y seek n ugly ?+s because !y are 
natural1 b beautiful comb9ations (      
field1 & hill1 wood1 wat]1 tree1 & fl[]1
 & grass1 select+ gr\p+s :i* g to make  
good composition1 & !n wait+ = ! mo/    
beautiful effects ( morn+1 ev5+1 or     
:atev] light suits ! *os5 subject be/1 s
 give u lovely pictures6 ,b !y "w always
 f fai?ful /udy ( ,nature & f /ores ( k 
ga!r$ f ,nature /udy1 & t is ! only true
 pa? = ! l&scape g>d5]2 z all true &    
great art c only be bas$ on ! et]nal    
laws ( ,nature4     ,,! ,,only ,,g>d5   
,,possible6     ,! ^w g>d5 itself means 
an enclos$ space1 a g>? or y>d          
surr\nd$ by walls1 z oppos$ to un5clos$ 
fields & woods4 ,!   =mal g>d51 ) its   

insi/5ce on /rong b\nd+ l9es1 is1       
/rictly speak+1 ! only g>d5 possible4   
,all o!r g>d5s are1 ( c\rse1 impossible 
to ! au?ors--! ,p>c ,monceau1 ! in=mal  
g>d5s ab\t ,p>is1 ,glasnev91 ! ,botanic 
,g>d5s 9 ,reg5t's ,p>k & at ,%effield1  
,gold]'s ,hill1 ,gre5l&s1 ,p5dell ,c\rt1
 ,rhianva1 & ! ?\s& cottage1 rectory1 & 
o!r ,briti% g>d5s :]e no wall is se56 ,!
 ,bamboo g>d5 at ,%rubl&1 ! ,primrose   
g>d5 at ,mun/ead1 ! rock & o!r g>d5s1   
:i* we mu/ keep 9 quiet places away f   
any sight ( walls1 are all impossible to
 ^! au?ors6 ,h[ mu* bett] x w\ld be = e 
art if x 7 impossible = m5 to write ab\t
 ?+s ( :i* by _! own %[+ !y h n ev5     
elem5t>y k6  ,illu/ration3 ,?rumpton    
,hall4 ,a type ( num]\s ,engli% g>d5s ) 
in=mal plant+  ,& ! sket*es 9 ! book %[ 
u :at ^! possible g>d5s are6 ,!y are    
c>eful ar*itects' draw+s1 defici5t 9    
light & %ade2 n engrav$1 b reproduc$ by 
a h>d process1 "s be+ m]e reproductions 
( old engrav+s2 & diagrams ( old knots &
 patt]ns1 ) birds & %ips p]*$ on wood5  

trellises1 )\t ! slighte/ ref]5ce to any
 human or mod]n use4 ,a curi\s "o (     
,badm9ton w %[ fully ! k9d ( plan !     
au?ors wi% to see reviv$4 ,"s ( !       
illu/rations %[ ! evils ( ! sy/em :i* ! 
au?ors advocate1 notably "o ( ,lev5s    
,hall1 ,we/morel&1 a v int]e/+ & real   
old g>d54 ,int]e/+ z x is f age1 !      
ugl9ess ( ! clipp$ =ms takes away f !   
beauty ( ! h\se4 ,ev5 9 sket*es ( g>d5s 
l ,montacute & ,brympton1 ! beauty ( !  
g>d5s is n well %[n4 ,! mo/ int]e/+     
draw+s1 x is n surpris+ to f9d1 are !   
in=mal ones6 ,_m ( ! o!rs %[ ! evil1 n !
 good1 ( ! sy/em advocat$1 by _! h>d    
l9es & ! emphasis+ ( ugly =ms4     ,,no 
,,design ,,9 ,,l&scape     ,horticulture
 /&s to g>d5 design mu* z build+ does to
   ar*itecture4 ,?is book has be5 writt5
 entirely f ! /&po9t   ( ! design]1 &   
!re=e conta9s little or no ref]5ce to ! 
actual me?ods ( horticulture4  ,?r\gh\t 
! book x is mode/ly assum$ t !re c be no
 design 9 any?+ b 9 l9es ( /one1 &      
clipp$ trees to h>monise ) ! /one1 & to 

br+ 9 ord] & balance4 ,a ,longleat1     
,highcl]e or ,little ,trianon1 or any ( 
! _m ,engli% places :i* are plant$ 9    
picturesque ways c %[ no design2 b a    
,fr5* t[n1 ) its wret*$ l9es ( tortur$  
,limes1 is pure & broad 9 design4 ,!    
naivete ( ! book 9 ?is respect is (t5   
droll4 ,"o amus+ passage is on p4 #ed3--
    ,h[ev] ri* ! details1 !re is no     
difficulty 9 grasp+ !   pr9ciple ( a    
g>d5 laid out 9 an equal numb] (        
rectangul>   plots4 ,ev]y?+ is          
/raight=w>d & logical2 y are n bor$   ) 
hopeless attempts to ma/] ! be>+s ( !   
g>d54  ,?is is ! kit*5 g>d5]'s view1 & t
 ( ! m>ket g>d5] ( all c\ntries1 b ! fun
 is 9 call+ ! idea ( x grasp+ a         
pr9ciple6 ,at ?is rate mak]s ( *essbo>ds
 h /rong claims to arti/ic m]it6  ,no   
wond] t m5 :o call a pr9ciple ! common  
way ( sett+ out kit*5 & cabbage g>d5s f 
,pek9 to ,mortlake c see no design 9 !  
_m ?+s t g to make a beautiful l&scape6 
,equally /upid is ! assumption1 ?r\gh\t 
! book1 t ! p ! au?ors are pleas$ to t]m

 l&scapi/s flop _! h\ses d[n 9 ! ,grass1
 & nev] use l[ walls = divid+ l9es1 nor 
t]races :]e necess>y1 nev] use walls =  
%elt] or privacy1 h no ord] or balance1 
& presumably all[ ! ,nettles to look 9  
at ! w9d[s1 & ! cattle to h a f9e "t ) !
 ,c>nations6  ,illu/ration3 ,tailpiece  
,,no ,,grass ,,9 ,,l&scape ,,g>d5+6   ,!
 foll[+ gl>+ piece ( inju/ice is due to 
want ( ! mo/ elem5t>y consid]ation (    
g>d5 design3--    ,grass-"w z an arti/ic
 quantity c h>dly be said to exi/ 9     
l&scape g>d5+4 ,x is !re consid]$ simply
 z s mu*   backgr\nd to be brok5 up )   
%rubs & ,pampas ,grass & irregul>   b$s 
7p4 #ace74  ,! opposite ( ?is is ! fact4
 ,grass-"w z an arti/ic quantity did n  
exi/ 9 any?+ l ! same degree be=e       
l&scape g>d5+4 ,"o ( ! faults ( ! =mal  
/yle ( g>d5+ /ill se5 9 ,france &       
,au/ria is t !re is little or no ,grass4
 ,comp>e ! ,j>d9 des ,plantes 9 ,p>is ) 
! ,p>c ,monceau1 or ! _m o!r g>d5s ab\t 
,p>is 9 :i* ,grass is an arti/ic        
quantity4 ,"o ( ! mo/ effective reasons 

inde$ = adopt+ ! ,engli% l&scape g>d5 0 
t x gave p "s fre% & op5 ,grass1 (t5 )  
picturesque surr\nd+s1 &1 n[adays1 "o c 
h>dly travel on ! cont95t & n see "s    
pleasant results ( ?is4 ,9 ,engl&1 !    
l&scape g>d5]s & writ]s h almo/ de/roy$ 
e trace ( ! /iff old =mal g>d5s1 & we _c
 judge ! ill effects ( ! build]'s g>d5 s
 easily z 9 ,france4 ,z a rule1 ! want (
 re/ & fre%ness 9 tropical &            
sub-tropical g>d5s is due to ! abs5ce ( 
^? broad & airy bread?s ( gre5sw>d :i*1 
9 g>d5s at lea/1 are l>gely due to      
l&scape g>d5+4 ,?9k ( ,w>wick )\t its   
turf & glori\s untrimm$ ,c$>s6          
,illu/ration3 ,goodwood4 ,example ( l>ge
 ,engli% places 9 :i* ! grass sweeps up 
to ! h\se  ,consid] ! diff]5ce betwe5 a 
picturesque l&scape l ! ,emp]or (       
,au/ria's /ately g>d5 at ,lax5b]g1 ne>  
,vi5na1 & ! g>d5s 9 ! same city =m$ (   
mis]able clipp$ trees 9 l9es6 ,grass z  
an arti/ic quantity is f9ely visible at 
,lax5b]g2 9 ! old clipp$ g>d5s gravel & 
di/ort$ trees are ! only ?+s se5 9      

quantity--we _c call x arti/ic4         
,l&scapi/ is us$ ?r\gh\t ! book z a t]m 
( contempt4 ,! au?ors take "s ( ! wor/  
"w t is possible1 & condemn all 9 ! same
 opprobri\s t]ms1 z if we 7 to condemn !
 noble art ( ! build]s ( ! ,p>!non on   
see+ a j]ry build+ 9 ,london4 ,!y may be
 q sure t !re is a true & beautiful art 
( l&scape g>d5+1 not)/&+ _!             
d5unciations1 & x is none ! less real   
because !re is no smug def9ition ( x t  
pleases ! m9ds ( m5 :o decl>e t x does n
 exi/4    ,! horticulturi/ & ! g>d5] are
 indisp5sable1 b !y   %\ld "w "u        
control1 & !y /& 9 ! same relation to ! 
design] z ! arti/'s col\rman does to !  
pa9t]1 or1 p]haps x   w\ld be fair] to  
say1 z ! build] & 8 workm5 /& to !      
ar*itect4  ,:at mode/y6  ,! m5 ^:       
bus9ess x is to design g>d5s are he>tily
 abus$4 ,h[ v graceful x w\ld be on ! "p
 ( "o ( !m to write an essay tell+      
ar*itects h[ to build1 & %[+ t to build 
well x is n necess>y to "k any?+ ab\t ! 
inhabitants or uses ( a h\se6           

,,improv+ ,,batt]sea ,,p>k6   ,p]haps   
aft] ! cemet]y1 ! uglie/ ?+s 9 ! fair l&
 ( ,france are ! ugly old l9es ( clipp$ 
,limes :i* deface _m ,fr5* t[ns4 ,read]s
 :o h n se5 ^! ?+s c h no idea ( _!     
abom9able h>dness & ugl9ess1 ! natural  
=m ( ! trees be+ de/roy$1 & de=m$ &     
hide\s trees result+ f con/ant clipp+4  
,^! g\ty l9es ( clipp$ trees are prais$ 
z noble walls pure & broad 9 design1    
:ile    ,su* a place1 = in/ance1 z      
,batt]sea ,p>k is l a bad piece (       
ar*itecture1 full ( details :i* /ultify 
ea* o!r4 ,! only good   po9t 9 x is ! "o
 av5ue1 & ?is leads to n[h]e4 ,if ?is   
p>k   _h be5 plant$ out ) groves &      
av5ues ( ,limes1 l !   b\lev>d at       
,avallon1 or ! squ>es at ,v]non1 or ev5 
l ! ea/   side ( ,hyde ,p>k betwe5 !    
,a*illes /atue & ! ,m>ble ,ar*1 at      
lea/ "o def9ite effect w\ld h be5 rea*$4
 ,!re might h   be5 %ady walks1 & noble 
walls ( trees1 in/ead ( ! spasmodic     
futility ( ,batt]sea ,p>k4  ,batt]sea   
,p>k1 l _m o!rs1 may be capable (       

improvem5t2 b "h we h m5 :o want to     
supplant its lawns1 grassy playgr\nds1 &
 pretty retir$ g>d5s ) ,lime trees l ^? 
( a ,fr5* t[n1 & l9es & squ>es ( trees l
 ^? at ,v]non1 :i* ,i once saw half b>e 
( leaves long be=e ! summ] 0 ov]6       
,illu/ration3 ,av5ue 9 ,p>is4 ,%[+ t ev5
 9 a l& ( clipp$ trees clipp+ is n      
ess5tial  ,! au?ors see ) regret t !    
good s5se ( plant]s has = _m ye>s be5   
gradually emancipat$ f ! /yle 7z old z !
 ,romans & old]7 ( plant+ 9 r[s4 ,x 0 ! 
v e>ly & 9 a v real s5se a b>b>\s way4  
,s9ce ! days :5 c\ntry places 7 laid out
 9 a numb] ( rectangul> plots1 :ole     
worlds ( lovely ?+s h come to u--to give
 "o in/ance only1 ! trees ( ,cali=nia1  
,oregon1 & ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,= m5 to  
talk ( design+ homes = su* ?+s1 :o say  
!y h no k ( !m1 is absurdity itself6    
,illu/ration3 ,clipp$ trees at ! ,little
 ,trianon       ,an un]r+ p]ception told
 ! ,greeks t ! beautiful mu/ also   be !
 true1 & recall$ !m back into ! way4 ,z 
9 conduct !y   insi/$ on an en]gy :i* 0 

rational1 s 9 art & 9 lit]ature   !y    
requir$ ( beauty t x1 too1 %\ld be be=e 
all ?+s   rational4--,,pr(essor ,,but*]1
 9 ,"s ,aspects ( ! ,greek ,g5ius4      
,,nature ,,& ,,clipp$ ,,yews   ,! rem>ks
 quot$ bel[ on ,nature & ! clipp+ %e>s  
are n f ,jo% ,bill+s1 b f ,! ,=mal      
,g>d51 ( :i* ! lit]>y m]it1 we are told 
9 ! preface1 belongs to ,mr4 ,blomfield4
    ,a clipp$ ,yew tree is z mu* a "p ( 
,nature--t is1 subject to   natural     
laws--z a =e/ ,oak2 b ! l&scapi/1 by    
appeal+ to   associations :i* surr\nd ! 
p]sonification ( ,nature1 holds up   !  
clipp$ ,yew tree to obloquy z some?+    
aga9/ ,nature4 ,s f> z   t goes1 x is no
 m unnatural to clip a ,yew tree ?an to 
cut   ,grass4  ,i believe we cut ,grass 
:5 we want hay1 or s(t turf to play on1 
b disfigur+ a noble tree is n a necess>y
 "p ( our "w ei!r = our pr(it or        
pleasure4 ,p]haps1 z is probable1 ,mr4  
,blomfield has nev] notic$ :at a        
beautiful tree a ,yew 9 its natural =m  
is4 ,x is n only on ! hills he may see  

!m4 ,if he w come & see !m 9 my own g>d5
 9 a high w9d "s day1 or :5 bronz$ a    
little ) a h>d w9t]1 he may *ange 8     
amus+ notions ab\t clipp$ ,yews4  ,i ?9k
 ,i c give ,mr4 ,blomfield a rational   
explanation ( :y x is fooli% to clip s  
fair a tree or any tree4  ,i clip ,yews 
:5 ,i want to make a h$ge ( !m1 b !n ,i 
am clipp+ a h$ge1 & n a tree4 ,i hold up
 ! clipp$ ,yew tree to obloquy1 z ! tree
 9 its natural =m is ! mo/ beautiful    
ev]gre5 tree ( our we/]n _w--z f9e z !  
,c$> 9 its plumy bran*es1 & m beautiful 
?an any ,c$> 9 ! col\r ( its /em4 ,9 our
 own day we h se5 trees ( ! same great  
ord] z ! ,yew ga!r$ f a ?\s& hills--f   
,briti% ,columbia1 ?r\gh ,nor? ,am]ica &
 ,europe to ! ,atlas ,m\nta9s1 & n "o ( 
!m has yet prov$ to be s beautiful z our
 native ,yew :5 x is all[$ to gr[       
unclipp$ root or bran*4 ,b 9 g>d5s !    
que/ = ! /range & exotic is s con/ant1 t
 few give a fair *ance to ! ,yew z a    
tree1 :ile 9 gravey>ds :]e x is s (t5   
se5 9 a v old /ate1 ! frequ5t de/ruction

 ( ! roots 9 grave-digg+ prev5ts ! tree 
f rea*+ its full /ature & beauty1 ?\gh  
!re are ,yews 9 ,engli% *ur*y>ds t h    
liv$ ?r\gh a ?\s& w9t]s4  ,illu/ration3 
,! ,grange1 ,h>tley ,w9tney  ,i d n clip
 my ,yews1 because clipp+ de/roys ! %ape
 ( "o ( ! mo/ delightful 9 =m ( all     
trees1 beautiful1 too1 9 its plumy      
bran*+4 ,x is n my own idea only t ,i   
urge "h1 b t ( all :o h ev] ?\ght ( =m1 
=emo/ among :om we mu/ place arti/s :o h
 ! happ9ess ( always draw+ natural =ms4 
,let ,mr4 ,blomfield /& ne> "o ( !      
,c$>-l ,yews by ! ,pilgrim's ,way on !  
,nor? ,d[ns1 &1 comp>+ x ) trees cut 9 !
 %ape ( an ext+ui%]1 consid] :at !      
diff]5ce means to ! arti/ :o seeks      
beauty ( =m4 ,clipp+ su* trees does n   
m]ely des]ve obloquy2 x is worse ?an    
idiotic1 z !re is a sad reason = !      
idiot's ways4  ,if ,i use :at 9 !       
,surrey nurs]ies are call$ h$g+ ,yews to
 =m a h$ge1 high or l[1 ,i mu/ clip !m  
to =m my h$ge1 & g on do+ s if ,i wi% to
 keep x1 or ! h$ge w\ld soon %[ me t x 0

 subject to natural laws1 & escape f !  
%e>s4  ,:at "r h we to de=m ?+s giv5 u s
 p]fect & lovely 9 =m8 ,no cramm+ (     
,*9ese feet into impossible %oes is half
 s wick$ z ! wilful di/ortion ( !       
div9ely beautiful =ms ( trees4 ,! co/ ( 
?is hide\s di/ortion alone is "o reason 
aga9/ x1 z "o may soon f9d out 9 places 
:]e miles ( trees cut into wall-l %ape h
 to be clipp$1 z at ,v]sailles &        
,s*o5brunn6 ,?is clipp+ is a m]e        
survival ( ! day :5 g>d5s _h v few      
trees1 & x 0 necess>y to clip ! few !y  
_h to fit c]ta9 situations to con=m to !
 ar*itect's notion ( g>d5 design4 ,?is  
is n design at all f any l&scape po9t ( 
view2 & ?\gh ! elem5ts :i* g to =m      
beautiful l&scape1 :e!r home l&scape or 
! (t5 high] l&scape beauty ( ! op5      
c\ntry1 are (t5 subtle1 & ?\gh !y are   
inf9itely v>i$1 !y are none ! less real4
 ,! fact t m5 :5 we _h few trees clipp$ 
!m into walls & grotesque %apes to make 
!m s]ve _! notions ( design is surely n 
a reason :y we1 :o h ! trees ( a ?\s&   

hills ) trees ( almo/ e size & %ape     
among !m1 %\ld violate & mutilate "s ( !
 f9e/ natural =ms6  ,illu/ration3 ,a    
,yew ,tree on ,m\nta91 ,n4 ,engl&  ,?us 
:ile x may be "r to clip a tree to =m a 
wall1 divid+-l9e1 or h$ge1 x is nev] s  
to clip trees gr[n z s+le specim5s or   
gr\ps1 z by clipp+ su* we only get ugly 
=ms--unnatural1 too4 ,la/ autumn1 9     
,hyde ,p>k1 ,i saw a man clipp+ ,hollies
 at ! ,rott5 ,r[ end ( ! ,s]p5t9e1 &    
ask+ him :y x 0 done1 he said x 0 to    
keep !m 9 %ape1 ?\gh1 to d him ju/ice1  
he add$ t he ?\ght x w\ld be bett] to   
let !m alone4 ,m5 :o clip s h&some a    
tree z ! ,holly :5 tak+ no "p 9 a h$ge  
or =mal l9e are bl9d to beauty ( =m4 ,to
 tol]ate su* clipp$ =ms is to prove     
oneself call\s to natural beauty ( tree 
=m1 & to %[ t we _c ev5 see ugl9ess4    
,illu/ration3 ,build+ 9 ,p>is4 ,%[+ t   
intimate association ) build+s does n   
necessitate clipp+ or di/ortion ( trees 
,take1 aga91 ! clipp$ ,laurels by :i* _m
 g>d5s & drives are disfigur$4 ,laurel 9

 its natural %ape 9 ! woods ( we/ c\ntry
 or o!r places1 :]e x is let alone1 is  
(t5 f9e 9 =m1 ?\gh we may h too mu* ( x4
 ,b x is plant$ ev]y:]e )\t ?\ght ( its 
/ature or fitness = ! spot1 & !n x gr[s 
until ! %e>s are call$ 91 & we see ne>ly
 e day its f9e leaves & free %oots cut  
%ort back into ugly banks & %>p1 wall-l1
 or =mless masses1 disfigur+ _m g>d5s   
)\t ! slighte/ necessity4 ,!re is no    
place 9 :i* x is us$ clipp$ = :i* we    
c\ld n get %rubs q suitable t w\ld n ne$
 mutilation4 ,x is n only clipp$ trees t
 are ugly1 b ev5 trees l ! ,iri% ,yew1  
,well+tonia1 & "s ,arbor-vitae1 :i*     
frequ5tly assume %apes l ext+ui%]s or ! 
=ms ( clipp$ trees4 ,x (t5 happ5s t ^!1 
:5 ov]-plant$ or plant$ ne> h\ses1 s    
emphasise ugly =ms ab\t ! h\se1 t !re is
 no beauty possible 9 ! home l&scape4   
,_m ( su* ugly1 =mless trees h be5      
plant$ )9 ! la/ g5]ation1 greatly to !  
injury ( ! g>d5 l&scape4  ,9 ! old      
g>d5s1 :]e1 f o!r motives1 trees 7      
clipp$ :5 p _h v few ,ev]gre5s or %rubs 

( any k9d1 or :]e !y want$ an object ( a
 c]ta9 height1 !y _h to clip4 ,x is well
 to pres]ve su* g>d5s1 b nev] to imitate
 !m1 z has be5 done 9 v>i\s ,engli% &   
,am]ican g>d5s4 ,if we want %elt]1 we c 
get x 9 v>i\s delightful ways )\t       
clipp+1 &1 :ile gett+ x1 we c enjoy !   
beautiful natural =ms ( ! f9e/          
,ev]gre5s4 ,h$ges & wall-l divid+ l9es (
 gre5 liv+ ?+s w n[ & !n be useful1 &   
ev5 may be arti/ically us$2 !y are      
sometimes1 h[ev]1 us$ :]e a wall w\ld be
 bett]1 walls hav+ ! great advantage ( n
 robb+ ! gr\nd ne>4 ,a wall is easily   
made into a beautiful g>d5 ) s _m lovely
 ?+s1 too1 f great scrambl+ yell[ ,roses
 to alp9e fl[]s4 ,to any "o ) ! slighte/
 sympa?y ) ,nature or art ^! ?+s ne$ n  
be said4     ,,no ,,l9e ,,9 ,,nature6   
,n[ z a matt] ( fact 9 ,nature--t is1 9 
! visible ph5om5a   ( ! e>?'s           
surface--!re are no l9es at all2 a l9e  
is simply   an ab/raction :i* conv5i5tly
 expresses ! direction ( a   succession 
( objects :i* may be ei!r /raight or    

curv$4 ,nature   has no?+ to d ) ei!r   
/raight l9es or curv$2 x is simply      
begg+ ! "q to lay x d[n z an axiom t    
curv$ l9es are   m natural ?an /raight4 
,!n m5 mu/ nev] aga9 talk ( ! l9es ( a  
%ip6 ,p]haps ,mr4 ,blomfield w\ld accept
 a plumb l9e8 ,"o c h>dly leave ,london 
an h\r be=e a p]son :o looks at !       
l&scape may see ! l9es or b\nd>ies      
betwe5 "o mass & ano!r4 ,:o c\ld /&     
among/ d[ns or an alp9e valley & say !re
 are no l9es 9 !m1 inasmu* z "o ( ! mo/ 
visible & delightful ?+s 9 all su* cases
 is ! beauty ( ^? l9es8 ,?is is ! key ( 
! :ole "q ( l&scape g>d5+4 ,!re is no   
good l&scape g>d5+ possible )\t a feel+ 
= ! natural gradation & =ms ( ! e>?4  ,x
 c be se5 9 little ?+s1 l ! slope ( a   
field z well z 9 ! slope ( a m\nta91 & x
 is ! neglect ( ?is :i* leaves u s      
little to boa/ ( 9 l&scape "w4 ,9 a     
c\ntry slightly div]sifi$ x is1 ( c\rse1
 m important ?an 9 a p]fectly flat "o1 b
 9 all div]sifi$ gr\nd no good l&scape  
"w c be done )\t reg>d+ ! natural       

gradation ( ! e>?1 :i* w (t5 tell u :at 
to d4 ,x is bl9dness to ?is pr9ciple :i*
 makes s _m p cut _! roads & walks      
crudely ?r\gh banks1 leav+ /raight %>p  
sides--false l9es1 9 fact--:5 a little  
c>e & obs]vation w\ld h avoid$ ?is &    
giv5 a true & beautiful l9e = a road or 
walk4  ,once ! necess>y levels are      
settl$ & ! g>d5 walks by /raight walls  
ab\t ! h\se are got away f1 we soon come
 to gr\nd :i*1 :e!r we treat x rightly  
or n1 w at once %[ :e!r ! "w done be    
l&scape "w or n4 ,no plan1 x seems to   
me1 is s good z keep+ to ! natural =m ( 
! e>? 9 all lawn1 pleasure gr\nd1 &     
plantation "w4 ,roads1 pa?s1 f5ces1     
plantations1 & any?+ l wood w be all !  
bett] if we are guid$ by natural l9es or
 =ms1 tak+ advantage ( e diff]5ce (     
level & e little accid5t ( ! gr\nd = our
 divid+ l9es & o!r beg9n+s or end+s4  ,9
 ! abs5ce ( any guidance ( ?is sort1 :at
 we see is brutal cutt+ ?r\gh banks1    
l9es l railway embankm5ts--)\t !        
ju/ification !re is = ! %>pness ( a     

railway embankm5t--& ugly banks to      
roads1 v (t5 ugly 9 _! l9es too4 ,if we 
are ev] to h a s*ool ( true l&scape     
g>d5+1 ! /udy & obs]vation ( ! true     
gradation ( ! e>? mu/ be its fir/ task4 
,illu/ration3 ,broadl&s1 ,hants         
,,vegetable ,,sculpture#b  #b ,g>d5     
,craft1 ,old & ,new4 ,by ,john ,d4      
,s$d+4 ,london3 ,kegan ,paul1 ,tr5*1    
,truebn] & ,co4   ,?is g5tleman1        
un=tunately )\t any k ( plants1 trees1  
or l&scape beauty1 laun*es out into !   
dre>y sea ( quotations f old books ab\t 
g>d5s1 & kn[s s little ( :]e he is go+1 
t he is put out ( 8 c\rse by e little   
drift ( w9d4  ,"o goes ?r\gh *apt] aft] 
*apt] ?9k+ to get to ! end ( ! we>y     
matt] only to f9d aga9 no?+ b           
quotations1 ev5 to go+ back to an old   
book = a song4 ,:5 at la/ we come to a  
*apt] on ,art 9 ! ,g>d51 ?is is :at is  
(f]$ u z s5se on a *>m+ subject1 famili>
 to _m1 s t all may judge ( ! dep? ( ?is
 fooli% talk ab\t x6 ,su* a writ]       
discuss+ 9 ?is way a metaphysical or    

obscure subject might swim on 9 8 inky  
wat] = ev]1 & no "o "k :]e he 06    ,let
 u "h po9t to ! fact1 t any g>d5        
:atsoev] is b   ,nature idealis$1       
pa/oral sc5]y r5d]$ 9 a fanciful mann]4 
,x   matt]s n :at ! date1 size1 or /yle 
( ! g>d51 x repres5ts   an idealisation 
( ,nature4 ,real nature exi/s outside ! 
arti/ &   ap>t f him4 ,! ,ideal is t :i*
 ! arti/ conceives to be an             
int]pretation ( ! outside objects1 or t 
:i* he adds to !   objects4 ,! g>d5     
gives imag9ative =m to emotions !       
natural   objects h awak5$ 9 man4 ,!    
raison d'etre ( a g>d5 is man's   feel+ 
! ensemble4  ,b we _c all[ him to br+ ! 
false & confus+ art drivel ( ! day into 
! g>d5 )\t %[+ ! absurdity ( 8 ideas4   
,illu/ration3 ,w>r5 ,h\se1 ,coombe ,wood
  ,! illu/rations are ( ! mo/ wret*$ k9d
 produc$ by "s process1 ! only int]e/+  
"o be+ "o ( ,lev5s4 ,! mo/ *ildi% ideas 
( ! g>d5 prevail--inde$ we h>dly l to   
call !m *ildi%1 because *ildr5 d put    
s5sible que/ions & see cle>ly4 ,=       

in/ance1 = ! au?or !re is no art 9 g>d5+
 at all--! art consi/s entirely ( build+
 walls & plant+ ,yew h$ges4 ,?us ! "w ( 
! late ,james ,backh\se1 :o knew e fl[] 
on ! hills ( ,nor!rn ,engl&1 & express$ 
t k 9 8 *>m+ rock g>d51 is n art1 b     
cutt+ a tree into ! %ape ( a cock$ hat  
is art1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,s$d+6  ,he     
assumes t l&scape g>d5]s all foll[      
arti/ic ways1 & t only ar*itects make   
t]races2 :]eas ! greate/ s9n]s 9 ?is    
respect h be5 l&scape g>d5]s--,nesfield 
& ,paxton4 ,he has paid s little        
att5tion to ! subject1 t he says t !    
l&scape g>d5]'s only notion is to put   
,grass all ar\nd ! h\se6 ,x does n ev5  
occur to him t !re may be ,grass on "o  
side ( a h\se & g>d5s ( v>i\s sorts at !
 o!rs1 z at ,goodwood1 ,%rubl&1 ,knole1 
& t a h\se may h at ea* side a diff]5t  
expression ( l&scape g>d5+6             
,illu/ration3 ,drummond ,ca/le4 ,example
 ( beautiful g>d5 9 ,scotl&1 9 position 
requir+ t]rac+  ,he takes ! ,engli%     
,fl[] ,g>d5 z ! expression ( l&scape    

g>d5+ practice2 :]eas ! book1 9 all !   
p>ts t treat ( design1 is a prote/ aga9/
 ! =mation by l&scape g>d5]s ( co/ly ?+s
 :i* h no?+ to d ) g>d5+ & no?+ to d )  
true ar*itecture4 ,! good ar*itect is   
satisfi$ ) build+ a beautiful h\se1 & t 
we are all ! happi] =4 ,b :at we h to   
deplore is t m5 :o are n really         
ar*itects1 :o are n g>d5]s1 %\ld cov] ! 
e>? ) rubbi% l ! ,cry/al ,palace bas9s1 
! ?+ at ! top ( ! ,s]p5t9e1 & ! ,gr&    
,trianon at ,v]sailles4  ,"h is a       
specim5 ( ,mr4 ,s$d+'s k ( ! l&scape    
art4    ,= ! l&scape /yle does n        
c\nt5ance a /raight l9e1 or   t]race1 or
 ar*itectural =m1 or symmetrical b$s    
ab\t ! h\se1   = to all[ ^! w\ld n be to
 photograph ,nature4 ,z c>ri$ into      
practice1 ! /yle dem&s t ! h\se %all    
rise abruptly f   ! ,grass1 & ! g5]al   
surface ( ! gr\nd %all be   *>act]is$ by
 smoo?ness & b>5ess 7l ,nature674  ,if  
he _h ev5 tak5 ! tr\ble to see a good   
g>d5 laid out by ,mr4 ,m>nock or anybody
 wor?y ( ! "n ( l&scape g>d5]1 he w\ld  

f9d t !y knew ! use ( ! t]race v well4  
,if he _h tak5 ! tr\ble to see "o ( my  
own g>d5s1 he w\ld f9d b$s q z =mal1 b n
 s frivol\s z ^? describ$ 9 ! old]      
books1 & l9es simple & /raight z !y c   
be4 ,:]e ,b>ry left room = a doz5 fl[]s 
at ,%rubl& ,i put "o hundr$2 s mu* = !  
b>5ess6  ,illu/ration3 ,madresfield4    
,example ( mod]n ,engli% g>d5  ,on page 
#ahj he says3--    ,i h no m scruple 9  
us+ ! scissors ^u tree or %rub1 :]e     
trimness is desirable1 ?an ,i h 9 m[+ ! 
turf ( ! lawn t   once repres5t$ a virg9
 _w4 ,!re is a qua9t *>m 9 !   results (
 ! topi>y art1 9 ! prim imag]y (        
ev]gre5s1 t   all ages h felt4 ,& ,i    
w\ld ev5 introduce ,biz>r]ies on !      
pr9ciple ( n leav+ all t is wild & odd  
to ,nature outside (   ! g>d5 pal+2 & 9 
! =mal "p ( ! g>d5 my ,yews   %\ld take 
! %ape ( pyramids1 or peacocks1 or cock$
 hats1 or   ramp+ lions 9 ,l9coln gre51 
or any o!r conceit ,i _h a m9d to1   :i*
 vegetable sculpture c take4  ,aft]     
read+ ?is ,i saw aga9 "s ( ! true       

vegetable sculpture t ,i h be5 =tunate  
to see2 ,re$ & ,lily1 a model = ev] 9   
/em1 leaf1 & bloom2 ! grey ,will[s (    
,brita91 sometimes loveli] ?an ,olives  
aga9/ our skies2 _m-column$ ,oak groves 
set 9 seas ( ,primroses1 ,cuckoo fl[]s &
 ,violets2 ,silv] ,bir* woods ( ,nor!rn 
,europe beyond all grace possible 9     
/one2 ! et]nal g>l& ( beauty t "o k9d ( 
,palm waves = hundr$s ( miles ?r\gh\t ! 
l& ( ,egypt1--a ve9 ( summ] 9 a lifeless
 _w3 ! noble ,p9e woods ( ,cali=nia &   
,oregon1 l fleets ( colossal ma/s on    
m\nta9 waves--saw aga9 ^! & _m o!r      
lovely =ms 9 g>d5 & woodl&1 & !n wond]$ 
t any "o c\ld be s bl9d to ! beauty (   
plant & tree z to write z ,mr4 ,s$d+    
does "h4  ,f ! days ( ! ,greeks to our  
own "t1 ! delight ( all great arti/s has
 be5 to get z ne> ?is div9e beauty z !  
mat]ial !y "w ) p]mits4 ,b ?is          
deplorable vegetable sculptor's delight 
is 9 di/ort+ beautiful natural =ms2 &   
?is 9 ! "o art 9 :i* we enjoy ! liv+ ?+s
 !mselves1 & n m]ely repres5tations (   

!m6  ,! old p f :om he takes 8 ideas 7 n
 ne>ly s fooli%1 z :5 ! ,yew tree 0 us$ 
z a %elt] or a divid+ l9e1 & :5 a ,yew 0
 put at a g>d5 door = %elt] or to =m a  
h$ge1 x 0 necess>y to clip x if x 0 n to
 get out ( all b\nds4 ,b "h is a man    
delight+ = its own sake 9 :at he calls )
 su* delicate feel+ vegetable sculpture1
 9 cock$ hats & ramp+ lions6            
,illu/ration3 ,tailpiece   ,pr9t$ by ,r4
  ,r4 ,cl>k1 ,ed9burgh          99      
99       99       99       99           
,,transcrib]',s ,,note3     ,m9or       
punctuation errors & inconsi/5t         
hyph5ation h be5   correct$ )\t comm5t4 
,all o!r v>iations 9 spell+ & inconsi/5t
 hyph5ation h   be5 reta9$ z !y appe> 9 
! orig9al book4