,! ,writ+s ( ,?omas ,pa9e ,! ,age ( ,reason -- ,"p ,i & ,,ii by ,?omas ,pa9e ,collect$ ,& ,edit$ ,by ,moncure ,daniel ,conway ,,volume ,,iv4 7#agif7 ,cont5ts ,,editor',s ,,introduction ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,reason -- ,,"p ,i ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,au?or',s ,,pr(ession ,,( ,,fai? ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,missions ,,& ,,revelations ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,"* ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 ,,& ,,8 ,,hi/ory ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,bases ,,( ,,*ri/ianity ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,exam9ation ,,9 ,,detail ,,( ,,! ,,prec$+ ,,bases ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,( ,,! ,,true ,,!ology ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,exam9ation ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,9 ,,:at ,,! ,,true ,,revelation ,,consi/s ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,conc]n+ ,,god1 ,,& ,,! ,,lights ,,ca/ ,,on ,,8 ,,exi/5ce ,,& ,,attributes ,,by ,,! ,,bible ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,! ,,!ology ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ians2 ,,& ,,! ,,true ,,!ology ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,effects ,,( ,,*ri/ianism ,,on ,,education2 ,,propos$ ,,re=ms ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,comp>ison ,,( ,,*ri/ianism ,,) ,,! ,,religi\s ,,ideas ,,inspir$ ,,by ,,nature ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,sy/em ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,advantages ,,( ,,! ,,exi/5ce ,,( ,,_m ,,worlds ,,9 ,,ea* ,,sol> ,,sy/em ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,application ,,( ,,! ,,prec$+ ,,to ,,! ,,sy/em ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ians ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,( ,,! ,,means ,,employ$ ,,9 ,,all ,,"t1 ,,& ,,almo/ ,,univ]sally1 ,,to ,,deceive ,,! ,,peoples ,,recapitulation ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,reason -- ,,"p ,,ii ,,preface ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,conclusion ,,editor',s ,,introduction ,,) ,,"s ,,results ,,( ,,rec5t ,,rese>*es4 ,9 ! op5+ ye>1 #agic1 :5 revolution>y ,france _h behead$ its k+1 ! wra? turn$ next ^u ! ,k+ ( k+s1 by ^: grace e tyrant claim$ to reign4 ,b ev5tualities _h br\ght among !m a great ,engli% & ,am]ican he>t--,?omas ,pa9e4 ,he _h plead$ = ,l\is ,capet--8,kill ! k+ b sp>e ! man40 ,n[ he plead$1--8,disbelieve 9 ! ,k+ ( k+s1 b d n confuse ) t idol ! ,fa!r ( ,mank9d60 ,9 ,pa9e's ,preface to ! ,second ,"p ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason0 he describes himself z writ+ ! ,fir/ ,"p ne> ! close ( ! ye> #agic4 8,i _h n f9i%$ x m ?an six h\rs1 9 ! /ate x has s9ce appe>$1 be=e a gu>d came ab\t ?ree 9 ! morn+1 ) an ord] sign$ by ! two ,committees ( ,public ,safety & ,surety ,g5]al1 = putt+ me 9 arre/ation40 ,?is 0 on ! morn+ ( ,decemb] #bh4 ,b x is necess>y to weigh ! words j quot$--89 ! /ate x has s9ce appe>$40 ,= on ,augu/ #e1 #agid1 ,francois ,lan!nas1 9 an appeal = ,pa9e's lib]ation1 wrote z foll[s3 8,i deliv] to ,m]l9 de ,?ionville a copy ( ! la/ "w ( ,t4 ,payne ,! ,age ( ,reason1 =m]ly our colleague1 & 9 cu/ody s9ce ! decree exclud+ =eign]s f ! national repres5tation4 ,?is book 0 writt5 by ! au?or 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> '#ic 7old /yle74 ,i und]took its translation be=e ! revolution aga9/ prie/s1 & x 0 publi%$ 9 ,fr5* ab\t ! same "t4 ,c\?on1 to :om ,i s5t x1 seem$ (f5d$ ) me = hav+ translat$ ?is "w40 ,"u ! fr[n ( ,c\?on1 "o ( ! mo/ atroci\s colleagues ( ,robespi]re1 ?is e>ly publication seems to h be5 s effectually suppress$ t no copy be>+ t date1 #agic1 c be f\nd 9 ,france or else:]e4 ,9 ,pa9e's lett] to ,samuel ,adams1 pr9t$ 9 ! pres5t volume1 he says t he _h x translat$ into ,fr5*1 to /ay ! progress ( a!ism1 & t he endang]$ 8 life 8by oppos+ a!ism40 ,! "t indicat$ by ,lan!nas z t 9 :i* he submitt$ ! "w to ,c\?on w\ld appe> to be ! latt] "p ( ,m>*1 #agic1 ! fury aga9/ ! prie/hood hav+ rea*$ its climax 9 ! decrees aga9/ !m ( ,m>* #ai & #bf4 ,if ! moral de=mity ( ,c\?on1 ev5 great] ?an t ( 8 body1 be rememb]$1 & ! read9ess ) :i* dea? 0 inflict$ = ! mo/ !oretical op9ion n approv$ by ! 8,m\nta910 x w appe> probable t ! (f5ce giv5 ,c\?on by ,pa9e's book involv$ dang] to him & 8 translator4 ,on ,may #ca1 :5 ! ,girond9s 7 accus$1 ! "n ( ,lan!nas 0 includ$1 & he b>ely escap$2 & on ! same day ,danton p]suad$ ,pa9e n to appe> 9 ! ,conv5tion1 z 8 life might be 9 dang]4 ,:e!r ?is 0 because ( ! 8,age ( ,reason10 ) its fl+ at ! 8,goddess ,nature0 or n1 ! /atem5ts ( au?or & translator are h>moniz$ by ! fact t ,pa9e prep>$ ! manuscript1 ) consid]able additions & *anges1 = publication 9 ,engli%1 z he has /at$ 9 ! ,preface to ,"p ,,ii4 ,a comp>ison ( ! ,fr5* & ,engli% v]sions1 s5t5ce by s5t5ce1 prov$ to me t ! translation s5t by ,lan!nas to ,m]l9 de ,?ionville 9 #agid is ! same z t he s5t to ,c\?on 9 #agic4 ,?is discov]y 0 ! means ( recov]+ sev]al int]e/+ s5t5ces ( ! orig9al "w4 ,i h giv5 z footnotes translations ( su* clauses & phrases ( ! ,fr5* "w z appe>$ to be important4 ,^? famili> ) ! translations ( ,lan!nas ne$ n be rem9d$ t he 0 too mu* ( a lit]ali/ to dep>t f ! manuscript be=e him1 & inde$ he did n ev5 v5ture to alt] x 9 an in/ance 7pres5tly consid]$7 :]e x 0 obvi\sly ne$$4 ,nor w\ld ,lan!nas h omitt$ any ( ! p>agraphs lack+ 9 8 translation4 ,?is orig9al "w 0 divid$ into sev5te5 *apt]s1 & ^! ,i h re/or$1 translat+ _! head+s into ,engli%4 ,! 8,age ( ,reason0 is ?us = ! fir/ "t giv5 to ! _w ) ne>ly its orig9al complet5ess4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t ,pa9e c\ld n h read ! pro( ( 8 8,age ( ,reason0 7,"p ,i47 :i* w5t ?r\gh ! press :ile he 0 9 prison4 ,to ?is mu/ be ascrib$ ! p]man5ce ( "s s5t5ces z abbreviat$ 9 ! ha/e he has describ$4 ,a notable in/ance is ! dropp+ out ( 8 e/imate ( ,jesus ! words r5d]$ by ,lan!nas 8trop peu imite1 trop oublie1 trop meconnu40 ,! addition ( ^! words to ,pa9e's tribute makes x ! m notable t almo/ ! only recognition ( ! human "* & life ( ,jesus by any !ological writ] ( t g5]ation came f "o long br&$ z an infidel4 ,to ! inability ( ! prison] to give 8 "w any revision mu/ be attribut$ ! pres]vation 9 x ( ! s+ul> error already allud$ to1 z "o t ,lan!nas1 b = 8 extreme fidelity1 w\ld h correct$4 ,?is is ,pa9e's repeat$ m5tion ( six planets1 & enum]ation ( !m1 twelve ye>s aft] ! discov]y ( ,uranus4 ,pa9e 0 a devot$ /ud5t ( a/ronomy1 & x _c = a mom5t be suppos$ t he _h n p>ticipat$ 9 ! univ]sal welcome ( ,h]s*el's discov]y4 ,! omission ( any allusion to x conv9ces me t ! a/ronomical episode 0 pr9t$ f a manuscript writt5 be=e #agha1 :5 ,uranus 0 discov]$4 ,unfamili> ) ,fr5* 9 #agic1 ,pa9e might n h discov]$ ! erratum 9 ,lan!nas' translation1 &1 hav+ no "t = copy+1 he w\ld naturally use z mu* z possible ( ! same manuscript 9 prep>+ 8 "w = ,engli% read]s4 ,b he _h no opportunity ( revision1 & !re rema9s an erratum :i*1 if my conjecture be correct1 ca/s a significant light on ! p>agraphs 9 :i* he alludes to ! prep>ation ( ! "w4 ,he /ates t soon aft] 8 publication ( 8,common ,s5se0 7#aggf71 he 8saw ! exce$+ probability t a revolution 9 ! sy/em ( gov]nm5t w\ld be foll[$ by a revolution 9 ! sy/em ( religion10 & t 8man w\ld return to ! pure1 unmix$1 & unadult]at$ belief ( "o ,god & no m40 ,he tells ,samuel ,adams t x _h long be5 8 int5tion to publi% 8 ?\ghts ^u religion1 & he _h made a simil> rem>k to ,john ,adams 9 #aggf4 ,l ! ,quak]s among :om he 0 re>$ ,pa9e c\ld !n readily use ! phrase 8^w ( ,god0 = any?+ 9 ! ,bible :i* approv$ itself to 8 8inn] light10 & z he _h drawn f ! fir/ ,book ( ,samuel a div9e condemnation ( mon>*y1 ,john ,adams1 a ,unit>ian1 ask$ him if he believ$ 9 ! inspiration ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,pa9e repli$ t he did n1 & at a lat] p]iod meant to publi% 8 views on ! subject4 ,!re is little d\bt t he wrote f "t to "t on religi\s po9ts1 dur+ ! ,am]ican w>1 )\t publi%+ 8 ?\ghts1 j z he work$ on ! problem ( /eam navigation1 9 :i* he _h inv5t$ a practicable me?od 7t5 ye>s be=e ,john ,fit* made 8 discov]y7 )\t publi%+ x4 ,at any rate x appe>s to me c]ta9 t ! "p ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason0 connect$ ) ,pa9e's favorite sci5ce1 a/ronomy1 0 writt5 be=e #agha1 :5 ,uranus 0 discov]$4 ,pa9e's !ism1 h[ev] inve/$ ) biblical & ,*ri/ian phraseology1 0 a bir?right4 ,x appe>s cle> f sev]al allusions 9 8,! ,age ( ,reason0 to ! ,quak]s t 9 8 e>ly life1 or be=e ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! p s call$ 7 sub/antially ,dei/s4 ,an int]e/+ confirmation ( ,pa9e's /atem5ts conc]n+ !m appe>s z ,i write 9 an acc\nt s5t by ,c\nt ,leo ,tol/oi to ! ,london #8,times' ( ! ,russian sect call$ ,dukhobortsy 7,! ,times1 ,octob] #bc1 #ahie74 ,?is sect sprang up 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & ! n>rative says3 8,! fir/ se$s ( ! tea*+ call$ aft]w>ds #8,dukhobor*eskaya' 7 s[n by a =eign]1 a ,quak]1 :o came to ,russia4 ,! fundam5tal idea ( 8 ,quak] tea*+ 0 t 9 ! s\l ( man dwells ,god himself1 & t ,he himself guides man by ,8 inn] ^w4 ,god lives 9 nature physically & 9 man's s\l spiritually4 ,to ,*ri/1 z to an hi/orical p]sonage1 ! ,dukhobortsy d n ascribe great importance444 ,*ri/ 0 ,god's son1 b only 9 ! s5se 9 :i* we call1 ourselves #8sons ( ,god4' ,! purpose ( ,*ri/'s suff]+s 0 no o!r ?an to %[ u an example ( suff]+ = tru?4 ,! ,quak]s :o1 9 #ahah1 visit$ ! ,dukhobortsy1 c\ld n agree ) !m ^u ^! religi\s subjects2 & :5 !y he>d f !m _! op9ion ab\t ,jesus ,*ri/ 7t he 0 a man71 exclaim$ #8,d>kness6' ,f ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts1' !y say1 #8we take only :at is useful1' mo/ly ! moral tea*+4444 ,! moral ideas ( ! ,dukhobortsy are ! foll[+3--,all m5 are1 by nature1 equal2 ext]nal di/9ctions1 :atsoev] !y may be1 are wor? no?+4 ,?is idea ( m5's equality ! ,dukhoborts h direct$ fur!r1 aga9/ ! ,/ate au?ority4444 ,among/ !mselves !y hold subord9ation1 & mu* m1 a mon>*ical ,gov]nm5t1 to be contr>y to _! ideas40 ,"h is an e>ly ,hicksite ,quak]ism c>ri$ to ,russia long be=e ! bir? ( ,elias ,hicks1 :o recov]$ x f ,pa9e1 to :om ! ,am]ican ,quak]s refus$ burial among !m4 ,al?\gh ,pa9e arraign$ ! union ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 8 ideal ,republic 0 religi\s2 x 0 bas$ on a conception ( equality bas$ on ! div9e son-%ip ( e man4 ,?is fai? und]lay equally 8 burd5 aga9/ claims to div9e p>tiality by a 8,*os5 ,p10 a ,prie/hood1 a ,mon>* 8by ! grace ( ,god10 or an ,ari/ocracy4 ,pa9e's 8,reason0 is only an expansion ( ! ,quak]'s 8inn] light02 & ! great] impression1 z comp>$ ) previ\s republican & dei/ic writ+s made by 8 8,rights ( ,man0 & 8,age ( ,reason0 7really volumes ( "o "w71 is p>tly expla9$ by ! apo/olic f]vor :i* made him a spiritual1 successor ( ,george ,fox4 ,pa9e's m9d 0 by no means skeptical1 x 0 em95tly in/ructive4 ,t he %\ld h wait$ until 8 fifty-sev5? ye> be=e publi%+ 8 religi\s convictions 0 due to a desire to "w out "s positive & practicable sy/em to take ! place ( t :i* he believ$ 0 crumbl+4 ,! ,engli% eng9e] ,hall1 :o assi/$ ,pa9e 9 mak+ ! model ( 8 iron bridge1 wrote to 8 fri5ds 9 ,engl&1 9 #aghf3 8,my employ] has ,common ,s5se en\gh to disbelieve mo/ ( ! common sy/ematic !ories ( ,div9ity1 b does n seem to e/abli% any = himself40 ,b five ye>s lat] ,pa9e 0 able to lay ! corn]-/one ( 8 temple3 8,) respect to religion itself1 )\t reg>d to names1 & z direct+ itself f ! univ]sal family ( mank9d to ! #8,div9e object ( all adoration1 x is man br++ to 8 ,mak] ! fruits ( 8 he>t2 & ?\gh ^? fruits may diff] f ea* o!r l ! fruits ( ! e>?1 ! grateful tribute ( e "o1 is accept$40 78,rights ( ,man40 ,see my edition ( ,pa9e's ,writ+s1 ii41 p4 #cbf47 ,"h we h a reappe>ance ( ,george ,fox confut+ ! doctor 9 ,am]ica :o 8d5i$ ! light & ,_s ( ,god to be 9 e "o2 & affirm$ t x 0 n 9 ! ,indians4 ,:]eupon ,i call$ an ,indian to u1 & ask$ him #8:e!r or n1 :5 he li$1 or did wrong to anyone1 !re 0 n some?+ 9 him t reprov$ him = x8' ,he said1 #8,!re 0 su* a ?+ 9 him t did s reprove him2 & he 0 a%am$ :5 he _h done wrong1 or spok5 wrong4' ,s we %am$ ! doctor be=e ! gov]nor & ! p40 7,j\rnal ( ,george ,fox1 ,septemb] #afgb47 ,pa9e1 :o co9$ ! phrase 8,religion ( ,humanity0 7,! ,crisis1 vii41 #aggh71 did b logically def5d x 9 8,! ,age ( ,reason10 by d5y+ a special revelation to any p>ticul> tribe1 or div9e au?ority 9 any p>ticul> cre$ ( *ur*2 & ! c5t5>y ( ?is mu*-abus$ publication has be5 celebrat$ by a great cons]vative *ampion ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 ,mr4 ,balf\r1 :o1 9 8 8,f\ndations ( ,belief10 affirms t 8inspiration0 _c be d5i$ to ! great ,ori5tal tea*]s1 unless grapes may be ga!r$ f ?orns4 ,! c5t5>y ( ! complete publication ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason10 7,octob] #be1 #agie71 0 also celebrat$ at ! ,*ur* ,congress1 ,norwi*1 on ,octob] #aj1 #ahie1 :5 ,pr(essor ,bonney1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,canon ( ,man*e/]1 read a pap] 9 :i* he said3 8,i _c d5y t ! increase ( sci5tific k has depriv$ p>ts ( ! e>li] books ( ! ,bible ( ! hi/orical value :i* 0 g5]ally attribut$ to !m by our =efa!rs4 ,! /ory ( ,creation 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis1 unless we play fa/ & loose ei!r ) words or ) sci5ce1 _c be br\ght into h>mony ) :at we h le>nt f geology4 ,its e?nological /atem5ts are imp]fect1 if n sometimes inaccurate4 ,! /ories ( ! ,fall1 ( ! ,flood1 & ( ! ,t[] ( ,babel1 are incr$ible 9 _! pres5t =m4 ,"s hi/orical elem5t may und]lie _m ( ! traditions 9 ! fir/ elev5 *apt]s 9 t book1 b ?is we _c hope to recov]40 ,canon ,bonney proce$$ to say ( ! ,new ,te/am5t also1 t 8! ,gospels are n s f> z we "k1 /rictly contemporane\s records1 s we mu/ admit ! possibility ( v>iations & ev5 inaccuracies 9 details be+ introduc$ by oral tradition40 ,! ,canon ?9ks ! int]val too %ort = ^! importations to be s]i\s1 b t any "q ( ?is k9d is left op5 proves ! ,age ( ,reason fully ^u u4 ,reason alone c det]m9e h[ _m texts are z spuri\s z ! ?ree heav5ly witnesses 7i ,john v4 #g71 & l x 8s]i\s0 en\gh to h co/ good m5 _! lives1 & p]secutors _! *>ities4 ,:5 m5 int]polate1 x is because !y believe _! int]polation s]i\sly ne$$4 ,x w be se5 by a note 9 ,"p ,,ii4 ( ! "w1 t ,pa9e calls att5tion to an int]polation introduc$ into ! fir/ ,am]ican edition )\t indication ( its be+ an editorial footnote4 ,?is footnote 03 8,! book ( ,luke 0 c>ri$ by a majority ( "o only4 ,vide ,mo%elm's ,ecc4 ,hi/ory40 ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 !n 9 ,am]ica1 answ]$ ,pa9e's "w1 & 9 quot+ less ?an a page f ! 8,age ( ,reason0 he made ?ree alt]ations1--"o ( :i* *ang$ 8*ur* my?ologi/s0 into 8,*ri/ian my?ologi/s10--& also rais$ ! editorial footnote into ! text1 omitt+ ! ref]5ce to ,mo%eim4 ,hav+ done ?is1 ,prie/ley writes3 8,z to ! gospel ( ,luke be+ c>ri$ by a majority ( "o only1 x is a leg5d1 if n ( ,mr4 ,pa9e's own inv5tion1 ( no bett] au?ority :atev]40 ,& s on ) fur!r ca/igation ( ! au?or = :at he nev] wrote1 & :i* he himself 7,prie/ley7 0 ! unconsci\s means ( introduc+ into ! text )9 ! ye> ( ,pa9e's publication4 ,if ?is c\ld be done1 un9t5tionally by a consci5ti\s & exact man1 & "o n unfri5dly to ,pa9e1 if su* a writ] z ,prie/ley c\ld make f\r mi/akes 9 cit+ half a page1 x w appe> n v wond]ful :5 ,i /ate t 9 a mod]n popul> edition ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason10 includ+ bo? p>ts1 ,i h not$ ab\t five hundr$ deviations f ! orig9al4 ,^! 7 ma9ly ! accumulat$ ef=ts ( fri5dly editors to improve ,pa9e's gramm> or spell+2 "s 7 mispr9ts1 or develop$ out ( su*2 & "s result$ f ! sale 9 ,london ( a copy ( ,"p ,second surreptiti\sly made f ! manuscript4 ,^! facts add significance to ,pa9e's footnote 7itself alt]$ 9 "s editions671 9 :i* he says3 8,if ?is has happ5$ )9 su* a %ort space ( "t1 not)/&+ ! aid ( pr9t+1 :i* prev5ts ! alt]ation ( copies individually2 :at may n h happ5$ 9 a mu* great] l5g? ( "t1 :5 !re 0 no pr9t+1 & :5 any man :o c\ld write1 c\ld make a writt5 copy1 & call x an orig9al1 by ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 or ,john40 ,no?+ appe>s to me m /rik+1 z an illu/ration ( ! f>-rea*+ effects ( traditional prejudice1 ?an ! errors into :i* "s ( our able/ contempor>y s*ol>s h fall5 by reason ( _! n hav+ /udi$ ,pa9e4 ,pr(essor ,huxley1 = in/ance1 speak+ ( ! free?9k]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 admires ! acut5ess1 common s5se1 wit1 & ! broad humanity ( ! be/ ( !m1 b says 8!re is r>ely mu* to be said = _! "w z an example ( ! adequate treatm5t ( a grave & difficult inve/igation10 & t !y %>$ ) _! adv]s>ies 8to ! full ! fatal weakness ( a priori philosophiz+40 ,,note3 ,sci5ce & ,*ri/ian ,tradition1 p4 #ah 7,lon4 ed41 #ahid74 ,pr(essor ,huxley does n "n ,pa9e1 evid5tly because he kn[s no?+ ab\t him4 ,yet ,pa9e repres5ts ! turn+-po9t ( ! hi/orical free?9k+ movem5t2 he r5\nc$ ! #8a priori' me?od1 refus$ to pron\nce any?+ impossible outside pure ma!matics1 re/$ ev]y?+ on evid5ce1 & really f\nd$ ! ,huxleyan s*ool4 ,he plagi>iz$ by anticipation _m ?+s f ! rationali/ic lead]s ( our "t1 f ,/rauss & ,baur 7be+ ! fir/ to expatiate on 8,*ri/ian ,my?ology071 f ,r5an 7be+ ! fir/ to attempt recov]y ( ! human ,jesus71 & notably f ,huxley1 :o has repeat$ ,pa9e's argum5ts on ! untru/wor?9ess ( ! biblical manuscripts & canon1 on ! inconsi/5cies ( ! n>ratives ( ,*ri/'s resurrection1 & v>i\s o!r po9ts4 ,none c be m loyal to ! memory ( ,huxley ?an ! pres5t writ]1 & x is ev5 because ( my s5se ( 8 gr& lead]%ip t he is "h m5tion$ z a typical in/ance ( ! ext5t to :i* ! v elect ( free-?\ght may be unconsci\sly victimiz$ by ! phantasm ) :i* !y are cont5d+4 ,he says t ,butl] ov]?rew free?9k]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury type1 b ,pa9e 0 ( ! n9ete5? c5tury type2 & x 0 precisely because ( 8 critical me?od t he excit$ m animosity ?an 8 dei/ical pr$ecessors4 ,he compell$ ! apologi/s to def5d ! biblical n>ratives 9 detail1 & ?us implicitly ackn[l$ge ! tribunal ( reason & k to :i* !y 7 summon$4 ,! ultimate answ] by police 0 a confession ( judgm5t4 ,a hundr$ ye>s ago ,engl& 0 suppress+ ,pa9e's works1 & _m an hone/ ,engli%man has gone to prison = pr9t+ & circulat+ 8 8,age ( ,reason40 ,! same views are n[ freely express$2 !y are he>d 9 ! seats ( le>n+1 & ev5 9 ! ,*ur* ,congress2 b ! suppression ( ,pa9e1 begun by bigotry & ignorance1 is cont9u$ 9 ! long indiff]5ce ( ! repres5tatives ( our ,age ( ,reason to _! pione] & f\nd]4 ,x is a griev\s loss to !m & to _! cause4 ,x is impossible to und]/& ! religi\s hi/ory ( ,engl&1 & ( ,am]ica1 )\t /udy+ ! phases ( _! evolution repres5t$ 9 ! writ+s ( ,?omas ,pa9e1 9 ! controv]sies t grew out ( !m ) su* practical accompanim5ts z ! f\ndation ( ! ,!ophilan?ropi/ ,*ur* 9 ,p>is & ,new ,york1 & ( ! great rationali/ w+ ( ,quak]ism 9 ,am]ica4 ,:atev] may be ! case ) s*ol>s 9 our "t1 ^? ( ,pa9e's "t took ! 8,age ( ,reason0 v s]i\sly inde$4 ,beg9n+ ) ! le>n$ ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,watson1 ,bi%op ( ,ll&aff1 a l>ge numb] ( le>n$ m5 repli$ to ,pa9e's "w1 & x became a signal = ! comm5cem5t ( ^? concessions1 on ! "p ( !ology1 :i* h cont9u$ to our "t2 & inde$ ! s-call$ 8,broad ,*ur*0 is to "s ext5t an outcome ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason40 ,x w\ld too mu* enl>ge ?is ,introduction to cite "h ! replies made to ,pa9e 7?irty-six are catalogu$ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum71 b x may be rem>k$ t !y 7 notably free1 z a rule1 f ! p]sonalities t rag$ 9 ! pulpits4 ,i mu/ v5ture to quote "o passage f 8 v le>n$ antagoni/1 ! ,rev4 ,gilb]t ,wakefield1 ,b4,a41 8late ,fell[ ( ,jesus ,college1 ,cambridge40 ,wakefield1 :o _h resid$ 9 ,london dur+ all ! ,pa9e panic1 & 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! sl&]s utt]$ aga9/ ! au?or ( 8,rights ( ,man10 indirectly br&s !m 9 answ]+ ,pa9e's argum5t t ! orig9al & traditional unbelief ( ! ,jews1 among :om ! alleg$ miracles 7 wr\ght1 is an important evid5ce aga9/ !m4 ,! le>n$ div9e writes3 8,b ! subject be=e u admits ( fur!r illu/ration f ! example ( ,mr4 ,pa9e himself4 ,9 ?is c\ntry1 :]e 8 opposition to ! corruptions ( gov]nm5t has rais$ him s _m adv]s>ies1 & su* a sw>m ( unpr9cipl$ hirel+s h ex]t$ !mselves 9 black5+ 8 "* & 9 misrepres5t+ all ! transactions & incid5ts ( 8 life1 w x n be a mo/ difficult1 nay an impossible task1 = po/]ity1 aft] a lapse ( #agjj ye>s1 if su* a wreck ( mod]n lit]ature z t ( ! anci5t1 %\ld int]v5e1 to id5tify ! real circum/ances1 moral & civil1 ( ! man8 ,& w a true hi/orian1 su* z ! ,evangeli/s1 be cr$it$ at t future p]iod aga9/ su* a pr$om9ant incr$ulity1 )\t l>ge & mighty accessions ( collat]al atte/ation8 ,& h[ transc5d5tly extraord9>y1 ,i _h almo/ said miracul\s1 w x be e/imat$ by c&id & reasonable m9ds1 t a writ] ^: object 0 a melioration ( condition to ! common p1 & _! deliv]ance f oppression1 pov]ty1 wret*$ness1 to ! numb]less bless+s ( upright & equal gov]nm5t1 %\ld be revil$1 p]secut$1 & burn$ 9 effigy1 ) e circum/ance ( insult & execration1 by ^! v objects ( 8 b5evol5t int5tions1 9 e corn] ( ! k+dom80 ,aft] ! execution ( ,l\is ,,xvi41 = ^: life ,pa9e plead$ s e>ne/ly1--:ile 9 ,engl& he 0 d5\nc$ z an accomplice 9 ! de$1--he devot$ himself to ! prep>ation ( a ,con/itution1 & also to ga!r+ up 8 religi\s compositions & add+ to !m4 ,?is manuscript ,i suppose to h be5 prep>$ 9 :at 0 v>i\sly kn[n z ,:ite's ,hotel or ,philadelphia ,h\se1 9 ,p>is1 ,no4 #g ,passage des ,petits ,p]es4 ,?is compilation ( e>ly & fre% manuscripts 7if my !ory be correct7 0 labell$1 8,! ,age ( ,reason10 & giv5 = translation to ,francois ,lan!nas 9 ,m>* #agic4 ,x is ent]$1 9 ,qudr>d 7,la ,france ,lit]aire7 "u ! ye> #agic1 b ) ! title 8,l',age de la ,raison0 in/ead ( t :i* x bore 9 #agid1 8,le ,siecle de la ,raison40 ,! latt]1 pr9t$ 8,au ,burcau de l'imprim]ie1 rue du ,!atre-,francais1 ,no4 #d10 is said to be by 8,?omas ,pa9e1 ,citoy5 et cultivateur de l',am]ique sept5trionale1 secretaire du ,congres du dep>tem5t des affaires etrang]es p5dant la gu]re d',am]ique1 et auteur des ouvrages intitules3 ,,la ,,s5s ,,commun et ,,les ,,droits ,,de ,l',,homme40 ,:5 ! ,revolution 0 advanc+ to increas+ t]rors1 ,pa9e1 unwill+ to p>ticipate 9 ! decrees ( a ,conv5tion ^: sole legal function 0 to frame a ,con/itution1 retir$ to an old mansion & g>d5 9 ! ,faub\rg ,/4 ,d5is1 ,no4 #fc4 ,mr4 ,j4,g4 ,alg]1 ^: rese>*es 9 p]sonal details connect$ ) ! ,revolution are orig9al & useful1 rec5tly %[$ me 9 ! ,national ,ar*ives at ,p>is1 "s pap]s connect$ ) ! trial ( ,georgeit1 ,pa9e's l&lord1 by :i* x appe>s t ! pres5t ,no4 #fc is n1 z ,i _h suppos$1 ! h\se 9 :i* ,pa9e resid$4 ,mr4 ,alg] accompani$ me to ! neighborhood1 b we 7 n able to id5tify ! h\se4 ,! arre/ ( ,georgeit is m5tion$ by ,pa9e 9 8 essay on 8,=getfulness0 7,writ+s1 iii41 #cai74 ,:5 8 trial came on "o ( ! *>ges 0 t he _h kept 9 8 h\se 8,pa9e & o!r ,engli%m510--,pa9e be+ !n 9 prison1--b he 7,georgeit7 0 acquitt$ ( ! paltry accusations br\ght aga9/ him by 8 ,section1 ! 8,faub\rg du ,nord40 ,?is ,section took 9 ! :ole ea/ side ( ! ,faub\rg ,/4 ,d5is1 :]eas ! pres5t ,no4 #fc is on ! we/ side4 ,aft] ,georgeit 7or ,georg]7 _h be5 arre/$1 ,pa9e 0 left alone 9 ! l>ge mansion 7said by ,rickman to h be5 once ! hotel ( ,madame de ,pompad\r71 & x w\ld appe>1 by 8 acc\nt1 t x 0 aft] ! execution 7,octob] #ca1 #agic7 ,( 8 fri5ds ! ,girond9s1 & political comrades1 t he felt 8 end at h&1 & set ab\t 8 la/ lit]>y beque/ to ! _w1--8,! ,age ( ,reason10--9 ! /ate 9 :i* x has s9ce appe>$1 z he is c>eful to say4 ,!re 0 e probability1 dur+ ! mon?s 9 :i* he wrote 7,novemb] & ,decemb] #agic7 t he w\ld be execut$4 ,8 religi\s te/am5t 0 prep>$ ) ! blade ( ! guillot9e susp5d$ ov] him1--a fact :i* did n det] pi\s my?ologi/s f portray+ 8 dea?-b$ remorse = hav+ writt5 ! book4 ,9 edit+ ,"p ,i4 ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason10 ,i foll[ closely ! fir/ edition1 :i* 0 pr9t$ by ,b>rois 9 ,p>is f ! manuscript1 no d\bt "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ,joel ,b>l[1 to :om ,pa9e1 on 8 way to ! ,luxemb\rg1 _h confid$ x4 ,b>l[ 0 an ,am]ican ex-cl]gyman1 a speculator on ^: c>e] ,fr5* ar*ives ca/ an unfavorable light1 & "o _c be c]ta9 t no lib]ties 7 tak5 ) ,pa9e's pro(s4 ,i may repeat "h :at ,i h /at$ 9 ! outset ( my editorial "w on ,pa9e t my rule is to correct obvi\s mispr9ts1 & also any punctuation :i* seems to r5d] ! s5se less cle>4 ,& to t ,i w n[ add t 9 foll[+ ,pa9e's quotations f ! ,bible ,i h adopt$ ! ,plan n[ g5]ally us$ 9 place ( 8 occasionally too ext5d$ writ+ out ( book1 *apt]1 & v]se4 ,pa9e 0 imprison$ 9 ! ,luxemb\rg on ,decemb] #bh1 #agic1 & releas$ on ,novemb] #d1 #agid4 ,8 lib]ation 0 secur$ by 8 old fri5d1 ,james ,monroe 7aft]w>ds ,presid5t71 :o _h succe$$ 8 7,pa9e's7 rel5tless enemy1 ,g\v]neur ,morris1 z ,am]ican ,m9i/] 9 ,p>is4 ,he 0 f\nd by ,monroe m dead ?an alive f semi-/>vation1 cold1 & an abscess contract$ 9 prison1 & tak5 to ! ,m9i/]'s own resid5ce4 ,x 0 n suppos$ t he c\ld survive1 & he ow$ 8 life to ! t5d] c>e ( ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,monroe4 ,x 0 :ile ?us a prison] 9 8 room1 ) dea? /ill hov]+ ov] him1 t ,pa9e wrote ,"p ,second ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason40 ,! "w 0 publi%$ 9 ,london by ,h4,d4 ,symonds on ,octob] #be1 #agie1 & claim$ to be 8f ! ,au?or's manuscript40 ,x is m>k$ z 8,ent]$ at ,/ation]s ,hall10 & prefac$ by an apologetic note ( 8,! ,booksell] to ! ,public10 ^: commonplaces ab\t avoid+ bo? prejudice & p>tiality1 & consid]+ 8bo? sides10 ne$ n be quot$4 ,:ile 8 volume 0 go+ ?r\gh ! press 9 ,p>is1 ,pa9e he>d ( ! publication 9 ,london1 :i* drew f him ! foll[+ hurri$ note to a ,london publi%]1 no d\bt ,daniel ,isaacs ,eaton3 8,,sir1--,i h se5 adv]tis$ 9 ! ,london pap]s ! second ,edition "p ( ! ,age ( ,reason1 pr9t$1 ! adv]tisem5t says1 f ! ,au?or's ,manuscript1 & ent]$ at ,/ation]s ,hall4 ,i h nev] s5t any manuscript to any p]son4 ,x is !re=e a =g]y to say x is pr9t$ f ! au?or's manuscript2 & ,i suppose is done to give ! ,publi%] a pret5ce ( ,copy ,"r1 :i* he has no title to4 8,i s5d y a pr9t$ copy1 :i* is ! only "o ,i h s5t to ,london4 ,i wi% y to make a *eap edition ( x4 ,i "k n by :at means any copy has got ov] to ,london4 ,if any p]son has made a manuscript copy ,i h no d\bt b x is full ( errors4 ,i wi% y w\ld talk to ,mr4 ----- ^u ?is subject z ,i wi% to "k by :at means ?is trick has be5 play$1 & f :om ! publi%] has got possession ( any copy4 8,t4 ,,pa9e4 8,,p>is1 ,decemb] #d1 #agie0 ,eaton's *eap edition appe>$ ,janu>y #a1 #agif1 ) ! above lett] on ! rev]se ( ! title4 ,! blank 9 ! note 0 probably 8,symonds0 9 ! orig9al1 & possibly t publi%] 0 impos$ ^u4 ,eaton1 already 9 tr\ble = pr9t+ "o ( ,pa9e's political pamphlets1 fl$ to ,am]ica1 & an edition ( ! 8,age ( ,reason0 0 issu$ "u a new title2 no publi%] appe>s2 x is said to be 8pr9t$ =1 & sold by all ! ,booksell]s 9 ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&40 ,x is also said to be 8,by ,?omas ,pa9e1 au?or ( sev]al rem>kable p]=mances40 ,i h nev] f\nd any copy ( ?is anonym\s edition except ! "o 9 my possession4 ,x is evid5tly ! edition :i* 0 suppress$ by ! prosecution ( ,williams = sell+ a copy ( x4 ,a comp>ison ) ,pa9e's revis$ edition reveals a good _m cl]ical & v]bal errors 9 ,symonds1 ?\gh few t affect ! s5se4 ,! wor/ are 9 ! preface1 :]e1 in/ead ( 8#agic10 ! mislead+ date 8#agij0 is giv5 z ! ye> at ^: close ,pa9e complet$ ,"p ,fir/1--an error t spread f> & wide & 0 fa/5$ on by 8 calumni\s ,am]ican 8biograph]10 ,*ee?am1 to prove 8 inconsi/5cy4 ,! editors h be5 fairly demoraliz$ by1 & h alt]$ 9 diff]5t ways1 ! foll[+ s5t5ce ( ! preface 9 ,symonds3 8,! intol]ant _s ( religi\s p]secution _h transf]r$ itself into politics2 ! tribunals1 /yl$ ,revolution>y1 suppli$ ! place ( ! ,inquisition2 & ! ,guillot9e ( ! ,/ate outdid ! ,fire & ,faggot ( ! ,*ur*40 ,! rogue :o copi$ ?is little knew ! c>e ) :i* ,pa9e weigh$ words1 & t he w\ld nev] call p]secution 8religi\s10 nor connect ! guillot9e ) ! 8,/ate10 nor conc$e t ) all its horrors x _h outdone ! hi/ory ( fire & faggot4 ,:at ,pa9e wrote 03 8,! intol]ant _s ( *ur* p]secution _h transf]r$ itself into politics2 ! tribunals1 /yl$ ,revolution>y1 suppli$ ! place ( an ,inquisition & ! ,guillot9e1 ( ! ,/ake40 ,an orig9al lett] ( ,pa9e1 9 ! possession ( ,joseph ,c[51 ex-,m4,p41 :i* t g5tleman p]mits me to br+ to light1 besides be+ "o ( g5]al int]e/ makes cle> ! circum/ances ( ! orig9al publication4 ,al?\gh ! "n ( ! correspond5t does n appe> on ! lett]1 x 0 c]ta9ly writt5 to ,col4 ,john ,fell[s ( ,new ,york1 :o copyright$ ,"p ,i4 ( ! 8,age ( ,reason40 ,he publi%$ ! pamphlets ( ,joel ,b>l[1 to :om ,pa9e confid$ 8 manuscript on 8 way to prison4 ,fell[s 0 aft]w>ds ,pa9e's intimate fri5d 9 ,new ,york1 & x 0 *iefly due to him t "s portions ( ! au?or's writ+s1 left 9 manuscript to ,madame ,bonneville :ile %e 0 a free?9k] 7 rescu$ f h] dev\t de/ructiv5ess aft] h] return to ,ca?olicism4 ,! lett] :i* ,mr4 ,c[5 s5ds me1 is dat$ at ,p>is1 ,janu>y #bj1 #agig4 8,,sir1--,y\r fri5d ,mr4 ,c>itat be+ on ! po9t ( 8 dep>ture = ,am]ica1 ,i make x ! opportunity ( writ+ to y4 ,i receiv$ two lett]s f y ) "s pamphlets a consid]able "t pa/1 9 :i* y in=m me ( y\r ent]+ a copyright ( ! fir/ "p ( ! ,age ( ,reason3 :5 ,i return to ,am]ica we w settle = t matt]4 8,z ,doctor ,frankl9 has be5 my intimate fri5d = ?irty ye>s pa/ y w naturally see ! reason ( my cont9u+ ! connection ) 8 gr&son4 ,i pr9t$ "h 7,p>is7 ab\t fifte5 ?\s& ( ! second "p ( ! ,age ( ,reason1 :i* ,i s5t to ,mr4 ,frankl9 ,ba*e4 ,i gave him notice ( x 9 ,septemb] #agie & ! copy-"r by my own direction 0 ent]$ by him4 ,! books did n arrive till ,april foll[+1 b he _h adv]tis$ x long be=e4 8,i s5t to him 9 ,augu/ la/ a manuscript lett] ( ab\t #gj pages1 f me to ,mr4 ,wa%+ton to be pr9t$ 9 a pamphlet4 ,mr4 ,b>nes ( ,philadelphia c>ri$ ! lett] f me ov] to ,london to be =w>d$ to ,am]ica4 ,x w5t by ! %ip ,hope1 ,cap3 ,h>ley1 :o s9ce 8 return f ,am]ica told me t he put x into ! po/ (fice at ,new ,york = ,ba*e4 ,i h yet no c]ta9 acc\nt ( its publication4 ,i m5tion ?is t ! lett] may be enquir$ aft]1 9 case x has n be5 publi%$ or has n arriv$ to ,mr4 ,ba*e4 ,b>nes wrote to me1 f ,london #bi ,augu/ in=m+ me t he 0 (f]$ ?ree hundr$ p\nds /]l+ = ! manuscript4 ,! (f] 0 refus$ because x 0 my int5tion x %\ld n appe> till x appe>$ 9 ,am]ica1 z t1 & n ,engl& 0 ! place = its op]ation4 8,y ask me by y\r lett] to ,mr4 ,c>itat = a li/ ( my sev]al works1 9 ord] to publi% a collection ( !m4 ,?is is an und]tak+ ,i h always res]v$ = myself4 ,x n only belongs to me ( "r1 b nobody b myself c d x2 & z e au?or is acc\ntable 7at lea/ 9 reputation7 = 8 works1 he only is ! p]son to d x4 ,if he neglects x 9 8 life-"t ! case is alt]$4 ,x is my int5tion to return to ,am]ica 9 ! c\rse ( ! pres5t ye>4 ,i %all !n d x by subscription1 ) hi/orical notes4 ,z ?is "w w employ _m p]sons 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! ,union1 ,i w conf] ) y ^u ! subject1 & su* "p ( x z w suit y to und]take1 w be at y\r *oice4 ,i h su/a9$ s mu* loss1 by dis9t]e/$ness & inatt5tion to money matt]s1 & by accid5ts1 t ,i am oblig$ to look clos] to my affairs ?an ,i h done4 ,! pr9t] 7an ,engli%man7 :om ,i employ$ "h to pr9t ! second "p ( #8! ,age ( ,reason' made a manuscript copy ( ! "w :ile he 0 pr9t+ x1 :i* he s5t to ,london & sold4 ,x 0 by ?is means t an edition ( x came out 9 ,london4 8,we are wait+ "h = news f ,am]ica ( ! /ate ( ! f$]al elections4 ,y w h he>d long be=e ?is rea*es y t ! ,fr5* gov]nm5t has refus$ to receive ,mr4 ,p9ckney z m9i/]4 ,:ile ,mr4 ,monroe 0 m9i/] he _h ! opportunity ( s(t5+ matt]s ) ?is gov]nm5t1 = he 0 9 good cr$it ) !m ?o' !y 7 9 high indignation at ! infidelity ( ! ,wa%+ton ,adm9i/ration4 ,x is "t t ,mr4 ,wa%+ton retire1 = he has play$ (f s mu* prud5t hypocrisy betwe5 ,france & ,engl& t nei!r gov]nm5t believes any?+ he says4 8,y\r fri5d1 etc41 8,,?omas ,,pa9e40 ,x w\ld appe> t ,symonds' /ol5 edition mu/ h got ahead ( t s5t by ,pa9e to ,frankl9 ,ba*e1 = "s ( its errors cont9ue 9 all mod]n ,am]ican editions to ! pres5t day1 z well z 9 ^? ( ,engl&4 ,= 9 ,engl& x 0 only ! %ill+ edition--t revis$ by ,pa9e--:i* 0 suppress$4 ,symonds1 :o m9i/]$ to ! half-cr[n folk1 & :o 0 also publi%] ( replies to ,pa9e1 0 left undi/urb$ ab\t 8 pirat$ edition1 & ! new ,society = ! suppression ( ,vice & ,immorality fa/5$ on "o ,?omas ,williams1 :o sold pi\s tracts b 0 also convict$ 7,june #bd1 #agig7 ( hav+ sold "o copy ( ! 8,age ( ,reason40 ,ersk9e1 :o _h def5d$ ,pa9e at 8 trial = ! 8,rights ( ,man10 conduct$ ! prosecution ( ,williams4 ,he ga9$ ! victory f a pack$ jury1 b 0 n mu* elat$ by x1 especially aft] a c]ta9 adv5ture on 8 way to ,l9coln's ,inn4 ,he felt 8 coat clut*$ & beheld at 8 feet a woman ba!d 9 te>s4 ,%e l$ him into ! small book-%op ( ,?omas ,williams1 n yet call$ up = judgm5t1 & !re he beheld 8 victim /it*+ tracts 9 a wret*$ little room1 :]e !re 7 ?ree *ildr51 two suff]+ ) ,smallpox4 ,he saw t x w\ld be ru9 & ev5 a sort ( murd] to take away to prison ! husb&1 :o 0 n a free?9k]1 & lam5t$ 8 publication ( ! book1 & a meet+ ( ! ,society :i* _h reta9$ him 0 summon$4 ,!re 0 a full meet+1 ! ,bi%op ( ,london 7,porteus7 9 ! *air4 ,ersk9e rem9d$ !m t ,williams 0 yet to be br\ght up = s5t5ce1 describ$ ! sc5e he _h witness$1 & ,williams' p5it5ce1 &1 z ! book 0 n[ suppress$1 ask$ p]mission to move = a nom9al s5t5ce4 ,m]cy1 he urg$1 0 a "p ( ! ,*ri/ianity !y 7 def5d+4 ,n "o ( ! ,society took 8 side1--n ev5 8philan?ropic0 ,wilb]=ce--& ,ersk9e ?rew up 8 brief4 ,?is action ( ,ersk9e l$ ! ,judge to give ,williams only a ye> 9 prison in/ead ( ! ?ree he said _h be5 int5d$4 ,:ile ,williams 0 9 prison ! or?odox colporteurs 7 circulat+ ,ersk9e's spee* on ,*ri/ianity1 b also an anonym\s s]mon 8,on ! ,exi/5ce & ,attributes ( ! ,deity10 all ( :i* 0 f ,pa9e's 8,age ( ,reason10 except a brief 8,address to ! ,deity0 app5d$4 ,?is picturesque anomaly 0 repeat$ 9 ! circulation ( ,pa9e's 8,disc\rse to ! ,!ophilan?ropi/s0 7_! & ! au?or's names remov$7 "u ! title ( 8,a!ism ,refut$40 ,bo? ( ^! pamphlets are n[ be=e me1 & beside !m a ,london tract ( "o page j s5t = my spiritual b5efit4 ,?is is head$ 8,a ,^w ( ,caution40 ,x beg9s by m5tion+ ! 8p]nici\s doctr9es ( ,pa9e10 ! fir/ be+ 8t !re is ,no ,,god0 7sic17 !n proce$s to adduce evid5ces ( div9e exi/5ce tak5 f ,pa9e's works4 ,x %\ld be add$ t ?is "o d+y page is ! only 8survival0 ( ! anci5t ,pa9e effigy 9 ! tract =m :i* ,i h be5 able to f9d 9 rec5t ye>s1 & to ?is no ,society or ,publi%]'s "n is atta*$4 ,! imprisonm5t ( ,williams 0 ! beg9n+ ( a ?irty ye>s' w> = religi\s lib]ty 9 ,engl&1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* occurr$ _m notable ev5ts1 su* z ,eaton receiv+ homage 9 8 pillory at ,*or+ ,cross1 & ! :ole ,c>lile family imprison$1--its head imprison$ m ?an n9e ye>s = publi%+ ! 8,age ( ,reason40 ,?is la/ victory ( p]secution 0 suicidal4 ,g5tlem5 ( weal?1 n adh]5ts ( ,pa9e1 help$ 9 sett+ ,c>lile up 9 bus9ess 9 ,fleet ,/reet1 :]e free-?9k+ publications h s9ce be5 sold )\t int]ruption4 ,b ?\gh ,lib]ty triumph$ 9 "o s5se1 ! 8,age ( ,reason40 rema9$ to "s ext5t suppress$ among ^? ^: att5tion x especially m]it$4 ,its orig9al prosecution by a ,society = ! ,suppression ( ,vice 7a device to1 relieve ! ,cr[n7 am\nt$ to a libel ^u a morally clean book1 re/rict+ its p]usal 9 families2 & ! fact t ! %ill+ book sold by & among humble p 0 alone prosecut$1 diffus$ among ! educat$ an equally false notion t ! 8,age ( ,reason0 0 vulg> & illit]ate4 ,! !ologians1 z we h se51 e/imat$ m ju/ly ! ability ( _! antagoni/1 ! collaborator ( ,frankl91 ,ritt5h\se1 & ,clym]1 on :om ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania _h conf]r$ ! degree ( ,ma/] ( ,arts1--b ! g5try confus$ ,pa9e ) ! class describ$ by ,burke z 8! sw9i% multitude40 ,skepticism1 or its free utt]ance1 0 tempor>ily driv5 out ( polite circles by its complication ) ! out-law$ v9dicator ( ! 8,rights ( ,man40 ,b t long combat has n[ pass$ away4 ,"t has r$uc$ ! 8,age ( ,reason0 f a flag ( popul> radicalism to a comp>atively cons]vative treatise1 s f> z its negations are conc]n$4 ,an old fri5d tells me t 9 8 y\? he he>d a s]mon 9 :i* ! prea*] decl>$ t 8,tom ,pa9e 0 s wick$ t he c\ld n be buri$2 8 bones 7 ?r[n into a box :i* 0 b&i$ ab\t ! _w till x came to a button-manufactur]2 & n[ ,pa9e is travell+ r\nd ! _w 9 ! =m ( buttons60 ,?is v>iant ( ! ,w&]+ ,jew my? may n[ be reg>d$ z unconsci\s homage to ! au?or ^: metaphorical bones may be recogniz$ 9 buttons n[ fa%ionable1 & "s ev5 f\nd useful 9 hold+ cl]ical ve/m5ts toge!r4 ,b ! c>eful read] w f9d 9 ,pa9e's 8,age ( ,reason0 some?+ beyond negations1 & 9 conclusion ,i w especially call att5tion to ! new dep>ture 9 ,!ism indicat$ 9 a passage correspond+ to a fam\s aphorism ( ,kant1 indicat$ by a note 9 ,"p ,,ii4 ,! discov]y already m5tion$1 t ,"p ,i4 0 writt5 at lea/ f\rte5 ye>s be=e ,"p ,,ii41 l$ me to comp>e ! two2 & x is pla9 t :ile ! e>li] "w is an amplification ( ,newtonian ,deism1 bas$ on ! ph5om5a ( planet>y motion1 ! "w ( #agie bases belief 9 ,god on 8! univ]sal display ( himself 9 ! works ( ! creation & by t repugnance we feel 9 ourselves to bad actions1 & disposition to d good ones40 ,?is exaltation ( ! moral nature ( man to be ! f\ndation ( !i/ic religion1 ?\gh n[ famili>1 0 a hundr$ ye>s ago a new affirmation2 x has l$ on a conception ( deity subv]sive ( la/-c5tury deism1 x has /eadily humaniz$ religion1 & its ultimate philosophical & e?ical results h n yet be5 rea*$4 ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,reason -- ,,"p ,i ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,au?or',s ,,pr(ession ,,( ,,fai?4 ,x has be5 my int5tion1 = sev]al ye>s pa/1 to publi% my ?\ghts ^u religion2 ,i am well aw>e ( ! difficulties t att5d ! subject1 & f t consid]ation1 _h res]v$ x to a m advanc$ p]iod ( life4 ,i int5d$ x to be ! la/ (f]+ ,i %\ld make to my fell[-citiz5s ( all nations1 & t at a "t :5 ! purity ( ! motive t induc$ me to x c\ld n admit ( a "q1 ev5 by ^? :o might disapprove ! "w4 ,! circum/ance t has n[ tak5 place 9 ,france1 ( ! total abolition ( ! :ole national ord] ( prie/hood1 & ( ev]y?+ app]ta9+ to compulsive sy/ems ( religion1 & compulsive articles ( fai?1 has n only precipitat$ my int5tion1 b r5d]$ a "w ( ?is k9d exce$+ly necess>y1 le/1 9 ! g5]al wreck ( sup]/ition1 ( false sy/ems ( gov]nm5t1 & false !ology1 we lose sight ( morality1 ( humanity1 & ( ! !ology t is true4 ,z sev]al ( my colleagues1 & o!rs ( my fell[-citiz5s ( ,france1 h giv5 me ! example ( mak+ _! volunt>y & individual pr(ession ( fai?1 ,i also w make m9e2 & ,i d ?is ) all t s9c]ity & frankness ) :i* ! m9d ( man communicates ) itself4 ,i believe 9 "o ,god1 & no m2 & ,i hope = happ9ess beyond ?is life4 ,i believe ! equality ( man1 & ,i believe t religi\s duties consi/ 9 do+ ju/ice1 lov+ m]cy1 & endeavor+ to make our fell[-creatures happy4 ,b1 le/ x %\ld be suppos$ t ,i believe _m o!r ?+s 9 addition to ^!1 ,i %all1 9 ! progress ( ?is "w1 decl>e ! ?+s ,i d n believe1 & my reasons = n believ+ !m4 ,i d n believe 9 ! cre$ pr(ess$ by ! ,jewi% *ur*1 by ! ,roman *ur*1 by ! ,greek *ur*1 by ! ,turki% *ur*1 by ! ,prote/ant *ur*1 nor by any *ur* t ,i "k (4 ,my own m9d is my own *ur*4 ,all national in/itutions ( *ur*es1 :e!r ,jewi%1 ,*ri/ian1 or ,turki%1 appe> to me no o!r ?an human inv5tions set up to t]rify & enslave mank9d1 & monopolize p[] & pr(it4 ,i d n mean by ?is decl>ation to condemn ^? :o believe o!rwise2 !y h ! same "r to _! belief z ,i h to m9e4 ,b x is necess>y to ! happ9ess ( man1 t he be m5tally fai?ful to himself4 ,infidelity does n consi/ 9 believ+1 or 9 disbeliev+2 x consi/s 9 pr(ess+ to believe :at he does n believe4 ,x is impossible to calculate ! moral mis*ief1 if ,i may s express x1 t m5tal ly+ has produc$ 9 society4 ,:5 a man has s f> corrupt$ & pro/itut$ ! *a/ity ( 8 m9d1 z to subscribe 8 pr(essional belief to ?+s he does n believe1 he has prep>$ himself = ! commission ( e o!r crime4 ,he takes up ! trade ( a prie/ = ! sake ( ga91 &1 9 ord] to qualify himself = t trade1 he beg9s ) a p]jury4 ,c we conceive any?+ m de/ructive to morality ?an ?is8 ,soon aft] ,i _h publi%$ ! pamphlet ,,common ,,s5se1 9 ,am]ica1 ,i saw ! exce$+ probability t a revolution 9 ! sy/em ( gov]nm5t w\ld be foll[$ by a revolution 9 ! sy/em ( religion4 ,! adult]\s connection ( *ur* & /ate1 :]ev] x _h tak5 place1 :e!r ,jewi%1 ,*ri/ian1 or ,turki%1 _h s effectually prohibit$1 by pa9s & p5alties1 e discussion ^u e/abli%$ cre$s1 & ^u fir/ pr9ciples ( religion1 t until ! sy/em ( gov]nm5t %\ld be *ang$1 ^? subjects c\ld n be br\ght fairly & op5ly be=e ! _w2 b t :5ev] ?is %\ld be done1 a revolution 9 ! sy/em ( religion w\ld foll[4 ,human inv5tions & prie/-craft w\ld be detect$2 & man w\ld return to ! pure1 unmix$1 & unadult]at$ belief ( "o ,god1 & no m4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,missions ,,& ,,revelations4 ,e national *ur* or religion has e/abli%$ itself by pret5d+ "s special mission f ,god1 communicat$ to c]ta9 individuals4 ,! ,jews h _! ,moses2 ! ,*ri/ians _! ,jesus ,*ri/1 _! apo/les & sa9ts2 & ! ,turks _! ,mahomet2 z if ! way to ,god 0 n op5 to e man alike4 ,ea* ( ^? *ur*es %[s c]ta9 books1 :i* !y call revelation1 or ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,! ,jews say t _! ,^w ( ,god 0 giv5 by ,god to ,moses face to face2 ! ,*ri/ians say1 t _! ,^w ( ,god came by div9e inspiration2 & ! ,turks say1 t _! ,^w ( ,god 7! ,koran7 0 br\ght by an angel f heav54 ,ea* ( ^? *ur*es accuses ! o!r ( unbelief2 &1 = my own "p1 ,i disbelieve !m all4 ,z x is necess>y to affix "r ideas to words1 ,i w1 be=e ,i proce$ fur!r into ! subject1 (f] "s obs]vations on ! ^w #8revelation4' ,revelation :5 appli$ to religion1 means some?+ communicat$ imm$iately f ,god to man4 ,no "o w d5y or dispute ! p[] ( ! ,almighty to make su* a communication if he pleases4 ,b admitt+1 = ! sake ( a case1 t some?+ has be5 reveal$ to a c]ta9 p]son1 & n reveal$ to any o!r p]son1 x is revelation to t p]son only4 ,:5 he tells x to a second p]son1 a second to a ?ird1 a ?ird to a f\r?1 & s on1 x ceases to be a revelation to all ^? p]sons4 ,x is revelation to ! fir/ p]son only1 & he>say to e o!r1 &1 consequ5tly1 !y are n oblig$ to believe x4 ,x is a contradiction 9 t]ms & ideas to call any?+ a revelation t comes to u at second h&1 ei!r v]bally or 9 writ+4 ,revelation is necess>ily limit$ to ! fir/ communication4 ,aft] ?is1 x is only an acc\nt ( some?+ :i* t p]son says 0 a revelation made to him2 & ?\gh he may f9d himself oblig$ to believe x1 x _c be incumb5t on me to believe x 9 ! same mann]1 = x 0 n a revelation made to me1 & ,i h only 8 ^w = x t x 0 made to him4 ,:5 ,moses told ! *ildr5 ( ,israel t he receiv$ ! two tables ( ! comm&m5ts f ! h& ( ,god1 !y 7 n oblig$ to believe him1 because !y _h no o!r au?ority = x ?an 8 tell+ !m s2 & ,i h no o!r au?ority = x ?an "s hi/orian tell+ me s1 ! comm&m5ts c>ry+ no int]nal evid5ce ( div9ity ) !m4 ,!y conta9 "s good moral precepts su* z any man qualifi$ to be a lawgiv] or a legislator c\ld produce himself1 )\t hav+ rec\rse to sup]natural int]v5tion4 ,,note3 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y to except ! declamation :i* says t ,god #8visits ! s9s ( ! fa!rs ^u ! *ildr5'4 ,?is is contr>y to e pr9ciple ( moral ju/ice4--,au?or4 ,:5 ,i am told t ! ,koran 0 writt5 9 ,heav51 & br\ght to ,mahomet by an angel1 ! acc\nt comes to ne> ! same k9d ( he>say evid5ce & second h& au?ority z ! =m]4 ,i did n see ! angel myself1 & !re=e ,i h a "r n to believe x4 ,:5 also ,i am told t a woman1 call$ ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 said1 or gave out1 t %e 0 ) *ild )\t any cohabitation ) a man1 & t h] betro!d husb&1 ,joseph1 said t an angel told him s1 ,i h a "r to believe !m or n3 su* a circum/ance requir$ a mu* /rong] evid5ce ?an _! b>e ^w = x3 b we h n ev5 ?is2 = nei!r ,joseph nor ,m>y wrote any su* matt] !mselves4 ,x is only report$ by o!rs t !y said s4 ,x is he>say ^u he>say1 & ,i d n *ose to re/ my belief ^u su* evid5ce4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n difficult to acc\nt = ! cr$it t 0 giv5 to ! /ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/ be+ ! ,son ( ,god4 ,he 0 born :5 ! hea!n my?ology _h /ill "s fa%ion & repute 9 ! _w1 & t my?ology _h prep>$ ! p = ! belief ( su* a /ory4 ,almo/ all ! extraord9>y m5 t liv$ "u ! hea!n my?ology 7 reput$ to be ! sons ( "s ( _! gods4 ,x 0 n a new ?+ at t "t to believe a man to h be5 cele/ially begott52 ! int]c\rse ( gods ) wom5 0 !n a matt] ( famili> op9ion4 ,_! ,jupit]1 accord+ to _! acc\nts1 _h cohabit$ ) hundr$s2 ! /ory !re=e _h no?+ 9 x ei!r new1 wond]ful1 or obsc5e2 x 0 con=mable to ! op9ions t !n prevail$ among ! p call$ ,g5tiles1 or my?ologi/s1 & x 0 ^? p only t believ$ x4 ,! ,jews1 :o _h kept /rictly to ! belief ( "o ,god1 & no m1 & :o _h always reject$ ! hea!n my?ology1 nev] cr$it$ ! /ory4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve h[ ! !ory ( :at is call$ ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 sprung out ( ! tail ( ! hea!n my?ology4 ,a direct incorporation took place 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 by mak+ ! reput$ f\nd] to be cele/ially begott54 ,! tr9ity ( gods t !n foll[$ 0 no o!r ?an a r$uction ( ! =m] plurality1 :i* 0 ab\t tw5ty or ?irty ?\s&4 ,! /atue ( ,m>y succe$$ ! /atue ( ,diana ( ,ephesus4 ,! deification ( h]oes *ang$ into ! canonization ( sa9ts4 ,! ,my?ologi/s _h gods = ev]y?+2 ! ,*ri/ian ,my?ologi/s _h sa9ts = ev]y?+4 ,! *ur* became z cr[d$ ) ! "o1 z ! pan!on _h be5 ) ! o!r2 & ,rome 0 ! place ( bo?4 ,! ,*ri/ian !ory is little else ?an ! idolatry ( ! anci5t my?ologi/s1 accommodat$ to ! purposes ( p[] & rev5ue2 & x yet rema9s to reason & philosophy to aboli% ! amphibi\s fraud4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,"* ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 ,,& ,,8 ,,hi/ory4 ,no?+ t is "h said c apply1 ev5 ) ! mo/ di/ant disrespect1 to ! real "* ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,he 0 a virtu\s & an amiable man4 ,! morality t he prea*$ & practic$ 0 ( ! mo/ b5evol5t k9d2 & ?\gh simil> sy/ems ( morality _h be5 prea*$ by ,confucius1 & by "s ( ! ,greek philosoph]s1 _m ye>s be=e1 by ! ,quak]s s9ce1 & by _m good m5 9 all ages1 x has n be5 exce$$ by any4 ,jesus ,*ri/ wrote no acc\nt ( himself1 ( 8 bir?1 p>5tage1 or any?+ else4 ,n a l9e ( :at is call$ ! ,new ,te/am5t is ( 8 writ+4 ,! hi/ory ( him is altoge!r ! "w ( o!r p2 & z to ! acc\nt giv5 ( 8 resurrection & asc5sion1 x 0 ! necess>y c\nt]p>t to ! /ory ( 8 bir?4 ,8 hi/orians1 hav+ br\ght him into ! _w 9 a sup]natural mann]1 7 oblig$ to take him out aga9 9 ! same mann]1 or ! fir/ "p ( ! /ory mu/ h fall5 to ! gr\nd4 ,! wret*$ contrivance ) :i* ?is latt] "p is told1 exce$s ev]y?+ t w5t be=e x4 ,! fir/ "p1 t ( ! miracul\s conception1 0 n a ?+ t admitt$ ( publicity2 & !re=e ! tell]s ( ?is "p ( ! /ory _h ?is advantage1 t ?\gh !y might n be cr$it$1 !y c\ld n be detect$4 ,!y c\ld n be expect$ to prove x1 because x 0 n "o ( ^? ?+s t admitt$ ( pro(1 & x 0 impossible t ! p]son ( :om x 0 told c\ld prove x himself4 ,b ! resurrection ( a dead p]son f ! grave1 & 8 asc5sion ?r\gh ! air1 is a ?+ v diff]5t1 z to ! evid5ce x admits (1 to ! invisible conception ( a *ild 9 ! womb4 ,! resurrection & asc5sion1 suppos+ !m to h tak5 place1 admitt$ ( public & ocul> demon/ration1 l t ( ! asc5sion ( a balloon1 or ! sun at noon day1 to all ,j]usalem at lea/4 ,a ?+ :i* ev]ybody is requir$ to believe1 requires t ! pro( & evid5ce ( x %\ld be equal to all1 & univ]sal2 & z ! public visibility ( ?is la/ relat$ act 0 ! only evid5ce t c\ld give sanction to ! =m] "p1 ! :ole ( x falls to ! gr\nd1 because t evid5ce nev] 0 giv54 ,in/ead ( ?is1 a small numb] ( p]sons1 n m ?an eight or n9e1 are introduc$ z proxies = ! :ole _w1 to say !y saw x1 & all ! re/ ( ! _w are call$ ^u to believe x4 ,b x appe>s t ,?omas did n believe ! resurrection2 &1 z !y say1 w\ld n believe )\t hav+ ocul> & manual demon/ration himself4 ,s nei!r w ,i2 & ! reason is equally z good = me1 & = e o!r p]son1 z = ,?omas4 ,x is 9 va9 to attempt to palliate or disguise ?is matt]4 ,! /ory1 s f> z relates to ! sup]natural "p1 has e m>k ( fraud & imposition /amp$ ^u ! face ( x4 ,:o 7 ! au?ors ( x is z impossible = u n[ to "k1 z x is = u to be assur$ t ! books 9 :i* ! acc\nt is relat$ 7 writt5 by ! p]sons ^: names !y be>4 ,! be/ surviv+ evid5ce we n[ h respect+ ?is affair is ! ,jews4 ,!y are regul>ly desc5d$ f ! p :o liv$ 9 ! "t ?is resurrection & asc5sion is said to h happ5$1 & !y say #8x is n true4' ,x has long appe>$ to me a /range inconsi/5cy to cite ! ,jews z a pro( ( ! tru? ( ! /ory4 ,x is j ! same z if a man 7 to say1 ,i w prove ! tru? ( :at ,i h told y1 by produc+ ! p :o say x is false4 ,t su* a p]son z ,jesus ,*ri/ exi/$1 & t he 0 crucifi$1 :i* 0 ! mode ( execution at t day1 are hi/orical relations /rictly )9 ! limits ( probability4 ,he prea*$ mo/ excell5t morality1 & ! equality ( man2 b he prea*$ also aga9/ ! corruptions & av>ice ( ! ,jewi% prie/s1 & ?is br\ght ^u him ! hatr$ & v5geance ( ! :ole ord] ( prie/-hood4 ,! accusation :i* ^? prie/s br\ght aga9/ him 0 t ( s$ition & conspiracy aga9/ ! ,roman gov]nm5t1 to :i* ! ,jews 7 !n subject & tribut>y2 & x is n improbable t ! ,roman gov]nm5t might h "s secret appreh5sion ( ! effects ( 8 doctr9e z well z ! ,jewi% prie/s2 nei!r is x improbable t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h 9 contemplation ! deliv]y ( ! ,jewi% nation f ! bondage ( ! ,romans4 ,betwe5 ! two1 h[ev]1 ?is virtu\s re=m] & revolutioni/ lo/ 8 life4 ,,note3 ,! ,fr5* "w has "h3 8,h[ev] ?is may be1 = "o or ! o!r ( ^! suppositions ?is virtu\s re=m]1 ?is revolutioni/1 too little imitat$1 too mu* =gott51 too mu* misund]/ood1 lo/ 8 life40--,editor4 7,conway7 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,bases ,,( ,,*ri/ianity4 ,x is ^u ?is pla9 n>rative ( facts1 toge!r ) ano!r case ,i am go+ to m5tion1 t ! ,*ri/ian my?ologi/s1 call+ !mselves ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 h erect$ _! fable1 :i* = absurdity & extravagance is n exce$$ by any?+ t is to be f\nd 9 ! my?ology ( ! anci5ts4 ,! anci5t my?ologi/s tell u t ! race ( ,giants made w> aga9/ ,jupit]1 & t "o ( !m ?rew a hundr$ rocks aga9/ him at "o ?r[2 t ,jupit] defeat$ him ) ?und]1 & conf9$ him aft]w>ds "u ,m\nt ,etna2 & t e "t ! ,giant turns himself1 ,m\nt ,etna bel*es fire4 ,x is "h easy to see t ! circum/ance ( ! m\nta91 t ( its be+ a volcano1 sugge/$ ! idea ( ! fable2 & t ! fable is made to fit & w9d itself up ) t circum/ance4 ,! ,*ri/ian my?ologi/s tell t _! ,satan made w> aga9/ ! ,almighty1 :o defeat$ him1 & conf9$ him aft]w>ds1 n "u a m\nta91 b 9 a pit4 ,x is "h easy to see t ! fir/ fable sugge/$ ! idea ( ! second2 = ! fable ( ,jupit] & ! ,giants 0 told _m hundr$ ye>s be=e t ( ,satan4 ,?us f> ! anci5t & ! ,*ri/ian my?ologi/s diff] v little f ea* o!r4 ,b ! latt] h contriv$ to c>ry ! matt] mu* f>!r4 ,!y h contriv$ to connect ! fabul\s "p ( ! /ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ) ! fable orig9at+ f ,m\nt ,etna2 &1 9 ord] to make all ! p>ts ( ! /ory tie toge!r1 !y h tak5 to _! aid ! traditions ( ! ,jews2 = ! ,*ri/ian my?ology is made up p>tly f ! anci5t my?ology1 & p>tly f ! ,jewi% traditions4 ,! ,*ri/ian my?ologi/s1 aft] hav+ conf9$ ,satan 9 a pit1 7 oblig$ to let him out aga9 to br+ on ! sequel ( ! fable4 ,he is !n introduc$ into ! g>d5 ( ,ed5 9 ! %ape ( a snake1 or a s]p5t1 & 9 t %ape he ent]s into famili> conv]sation ) ,eve1 :o is no ways surpris$ to he> a snake talk2 & ! issue ( ?is tete-a-tate is1 t he p]suades h] to eat an apple1 & ! eat+ ( t apple damns all mank9d4 ,aft] giv+ ,satan ?is triumph ov] ! :ole creation1 "o w\ld h suppos$ t ! *ur* my?ologi/s w\ld h be5 k9d en\gh to s5d him back aga9 to ! pit1 or1 if !y _h n done ?is1 t !y w\ld h put a m\nta9 ^u him1 7= !y say t _! fai? c remove a m\nta97 or h put him "u a m\nta91 z ! =m] my?ologi/s _h done1 to prev5t 8 gett+ aga9 among ! wom51 & do+ m mis*ief4 ,b in/ead ( ?is1 !y leave him at l>ge1 )\t ev5 oblig+ him to give 8 p>ole4 ,! secret ( :i* is1 t !y c\ld n d )\t him2 & aft] be+ at ! tr\ble ( mak+ him1 !y brib$ him to /ay4 ,!y promis$ him ,,all ! ,jews1 ,,all ! ,turks by anticipation1 n9e-t5?s ( ! _w beside1 & ,mahomet into ! b>ga94 ,aft] ?is1 :o c d\bt ! b\ntifulness ( ! ,*ri/ian ,my?ology8 ,hav+ ?us made an insurrection & a battle 9 heav51 9 :i* none ( ! combatants c\ld be ei!r kill$ or w\nd$--put ,satan into ! pit--let him out aga9--giv5 him a triumph ov] ! :ole creation--damn$ all mank9d by ! eat+ ( an apple1 !re ,*ri/ian my?ologi/s br+ ! two ends ( _! fable toge!r4 ,!y repres5t ?is virtu\s & amiable man1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 to be at once bo? ,god & man1 & also ! ,son ( ,god1 cele/ially begott51 on purpose to be sacrific$1 because !y say t ,eve 9 h] long+ ,,note3 ,! ,fr5* "w has3 8yield+ to an unre/ra9$ appetite40--,editor4 _h eat5 an apple4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,exam9ation ,,9 ,,detail ,,( ,,! ,,prec$+ ,,bases4 ,putt+ aside ev]y?+ t might excite laught] by its absurdity1 or dete/ation by its pr(an5ess1 & conf9+ ourselves m]ely to an exam9ation ( ! p>ts1 x is impossible to conceive a /ory m d]ogatory to ! ,almighty1 m inconsi/5t ) 8 wisdom1 m contradictory to 8 p[]1 ?an ?is /ory is4 ,9 ord] to make = x a f\ndation to rise ^u1 ! inv5tors 7 "u ! necessity ( giv+ to ! be+ :om !y call ,satan a p[] equally z great1 if n great]1 ?an !y attribute to ! ,almighty4 ,!y h n only giv5 him ! p[] ( lib]at+ himself f ! pit1 aft] :at !y call 8 fall1 b !y h made t p[] increase aft]w>ds to inf9ity4 ,be=e ?is fall !y repres5t him only z an angel ( limit$ exi/5ce1 z !y repres5t ! re/4 ,aft] 8 fall1 he becomes1 by _! acc\nt1 omnipres5t4 ,he exi/s ev]y:]e1 & at ! same "t4 ,he occupies ! :ole imm5sity ( space4 ,n cont5t ) ?is deification ( ,satan1 !y repres5t him z defeat+ by /ratagem1 9 ! %ape ( an animal ( ! creation1 all ! p[] & wisdom ( ! ,almighty4 ,!y repres5t him z hav+ compell$ ! ,almighty to ! direct necessity ei!r ( surr5d]+ ! :ole ( ! creation to ! gov]nm5t & sov]eignty ( ?is ,satan1 or ( capitulat+ = its r$emption by com+ d[n ^u e>?1 & exhibit+ himself ^u a cross 9 ! %ape ( a man4 ,_h ! inv5tors ( ?is /ory told x ! contr>y way1 t is1 _h !y repres5t$ ! ,almighty z compell+ ,satan to exhibit himself on a cross 9 ! %ape ( a snake1 z a puni%m5t = 8 new transgression1 ! /ory w\ld h be5 less absurd1 less contradictory4 ,b1 in/ead ( ?is !y make ! transgressor triumph1 & ! ,almighty fall4 ,t _m good m5 h believ$ ?is /range fable1 & liv$ v good lives "u t belief 7= cr$ulity is n a crime7 is :at ,i h no d\bt (4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !y 7 educat$ to believe x1 & !y w\ld h believ$ any?+ else 9 ! same mann]4 ,!re are also _m :o h be5 s en?usia/ically enraptur$ by :at !y conceiv$ to be ! inf9ite love ( ,god to man1 9 mak+ a sacrifice ( himself1 t ! vehem5ce ( ! idea has =bidd5 & det]r$ !m f exam9+ into ! absurdity & pr(an5ess ( ! /ory4 ,! m unnatural any?+ is1 ! m is x capable ( becom+ ! object ( dismal admiration4 ,,note3 ,! ,fr5* "w has 8bl9d &0 prec$+ dismal4--,editor4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,( ,,! ,,true ,,!ology4 ,b if objects = gratitude & admiration are our desire1 d !y n pres5t !mselves e h\r to our eyes8 ,d we n see a fair creation prep>$ to receive u ! in/ant we are born--a _w furni%$ to our h&s1 t co/ u no?+8 ,is x we t light up ! sun2 t p\r d[n ! ra92 & fill ! e>? ) abundance8 ,:e!r we sleep or wake1 ! va/ ma*9]y ( ! univ]se /ill goes on4 ,are ^! ?+s1 & ! bless+s !y indicate 9 future1 no?+ to1 u8 ,c our gross feel+s be excit$ by no o!r subjects ?an trag$y & suicide8 ,or is ! gloomy pride ( man become s intol]able1 t no?+ c flatt] x b a sacrifice ( ! ,creator8 ,i "k t ?is bold inve/igation w al>m _m1 b x w\ld be pay+ too great a complim5t to _! cr$ulity to =be> x on t acc\nt4 ,! times & ! subject dem& x to be done4 ,! suspicion t ! !ory ( :at is call$ ! ,*ri/ian *ur* is fabul\s1 is becom+ v ext5sive 9 all c\ntries2 & x w be a consolation to m5 /agg]+ "u t suspicion1 & d\bt+ :at to believe & :at to disbelieve1 to see ! subject freely inve/igat$4 ,i !re=e pass on to an exam9ation ( ! books call$ ! ,old & ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,exam9ation ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t4 ,^! books1 beg9n+ ) ,g5esis & end+ ) ,revelations1 7:i*1 by ! bye1 is a book ( riddles t requires a revelation to expla9 x7 are1 we are told1 ! ^w ( ,god4 ,x is1 !re=e1 prop] = u to "k :o told u s1 t we may "k :at cr$it to give to ! report4 ,! answ] to ?is "q is1 t nobody c tell1 except t we tell "o ano!r s4 ,! case1 h[ev]1 hi/orically appe>s to be z foll[s3 ,:5 ! *ur* my?ologi/s e/abli%$ _! sy/em1 !y collect$ all ! writ+s !y c\ld f9d1 & manag$ !m z !y pleas$4 ,x is a matt] altoge!r ( unc]ta9ty to u :e!r su* ( ! writ+s z n[ appe> "u ! "n ( ! ,old & ! ,new ,te/am5t1 are 9 ! same /ate 9 :i* ^? collectors say !y f\nd !m2 or :e!r !y add$1 alt]$1 abridg$1 or dress$ !m up4 ,be ?is z x may1 !y decid$ by vote :i* ( ! books out ( ! collection !y _h made1 %\ld be ! ,,^w ,,( ,,god1 & :i* %\ld n4 ,!y reject$ sev]al2 !y vot$ o!rs to be d\btful1 su* z ! books call$ ! ,apocrypha2 & ^? books :i* _h a majority ( votes1 7 vot$ to be ! ^w ( ,god4 ,_h !y vot$ o!rwise1 all ! p s9ce call+ !mselves ,*ri/ians _h believ$ o!rwise2 = ! belief ( ! "o comes f ! vote ( ! o!r4 ,:o ! p 7 t did all ?is1 we "k no?+ (4 ,!y call !mselves by ! g5]al "n ( ! ,*ur*2 & ?is is all we "k ( ! matt]4 ,z we h no o!r ext]nal evid5ce or au?ority = believ+ ^! books to be ! ^w ( ,god1 ?an :at ,i h m5tion$1 :i* is no evid5ce or au?ority at all1 ,i come1 9 ! next place1 to exam9e ! int]nal evid5ce conta9$ 9 ! books !mselves4 ,9 ! =m] "p ( ?is essay1 ,i h spok5 ( revelation4 ,i n[ proce$ fur!r ) t subject1 = ! purpose ( apply+ x to ! books 9 "q4 ,revelation is a communication ( some?+1 :i* ! p]son1 to :om t ?+ is reveal$1 did n "k be=e4 ,= if ,i h done a ?+1 or se5 x done1 x ne$s no revelation to tell me ,i h done x1 or se5 x1 nor to enable me to tell x1 or to write x4 ,revelation1 !re=e1 _c be appli$ to any?+ done ^u e>? ( :i* man is himself ! actor or ! witness2 & consequ5tly all ! hi/orical & anecdotal "p ( ! ,bible1 :i* is almo/ ! :ole ( x1 is n )9 ! mean+ & compass ( ! ^w revelation1 &1 !re=e1 is n ! ^w ( ,god4 ,:5 ,samson ran (f ) ! gate-po/s ( ,gaza1 if he ev] did s1 7& :e!r he did or n is no?+ to u17 or :5 he visit$ 8 ,delilah1 or caught 8 foxes1 or did any?+ else1 :at has revelation to d ) ^! ?+s8 ,if !y 7 facts1 he c\ld tell !m himself2 or 8 secret>y1 if he kept "o1 c\ld write !m1 if !y 7 wor? ei!r tell+ or writ+2 & if !y 7 fictions1 revelation c\ld n make !m true2 & :e!r true or n1 we are nei!r ! bett] nor ! wis] = kn[+ !m4 ,:5 we contemplate ! imm5sity ( t ,be+1 :o directs & gov]ns ! incompreh5sible ,,:ole1 ( :i* ! utmo/ k5 ( human sight c discov] b a "p1 we ought to feel %ame at call+ su* paltry /ories ! ^w ( ,god4 ,z to ! acc\nt ( ! creation1 ) :i* ! book ( ,g5esis op5s1 x has all ! appe>ance ( be+ a tradition :i* ! ,israelites _h among !m be=e !y came into ,egypt2 & aft] _! dep>ture f t c\ntry1 !y put x at ! head ( _! hi/ory1 )\t tell+1 z x is mo/ probable t !y did n "k1 h[ !y came by x4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! acc\nt op5s1 %[s x to be tradition>y4 ,x beg9s abruptly4 ,x is nobody t speaks4 ,x is nobody t he>s4 ,x is address$ to nobody4 ,x has nei!r fir/1 second1 nor ?ird p]son4 ,x has e crit]ion ( be+ a tradition4 ,x has no v\*]4 ,moses does n take x ^u himself by introduc+ x ) ! =mality t he uses on o!r occasions1 su* z t ( say+1 8,! ,lords spake unto ,moses1 say+40 ,:y x has be5 call$ ! ,mosaic acc\nt ( ! creation1 ,i am at a loss to conceive4 ,moses1 ,i believe1 0 too good a judge ( su* subjects to put 8 "n to t acc\nt4 ,he _h be5 educat$ among ! ,egyptians1 :o 7 a p z well skill$ 9 sci5ce1 & p>ticul>ly 9 a/ronomy1 z any p ( _! day2 & ! sil5ce & caution t ,moses obs]ves1 9 n au!nticat+ ! acc\nt1 is a good negative evid5ce t he nei!r told x nor believ$ x4--,! case is1 t e nation ( p has be5 _w-mak]s1 & ! ,israelites _h z mu* "r to set up ! trade ( _w-mak+ z any ( ! re/2 & z ,moses 0 n an ,israelite1 he might n *ose to contradict ! tradition4 ,! acc\nt1 h[ev]1 is h>mless2 & ?is is m ?an c be said = _m o!r p>ts ( ! ,bible4 ,:5ev] we read ! obsc5e /ories1 ! voluptu\s debau*]ies1 ! cruel & tortur\s executions1 ! unrel5t+ v9dictiv5ess1 ) :i* m ?an half ! ,bible ,,note3 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t by ! 8,bible0 ,pa9e always means ! ,old ,te/am5t alone4--,editor4 is fill$1 x w\ld be m consi/5t t we call$ x ! ^w ( a demon1 ?an ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,x is a hi/ory ( wick$ness1 t has s]v$ to corrupt & brutalize mank9d2 &1 = my own "p1 ,i s9c]ely dete/ x1 z ,i dete/ ev]y?+ t is cruel4 ,we sc>cely meet ) any?+1 a few phrases except$1 b :at des]ves ei!r our abhorr5ce or our contempt1 till we come to ! miscellane\s p>ts ( ! ,bible4 ,9 ! anonym\s publications1 ! ,psalms1 & ! ,book ( ,job1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! latt]1 we f9d a great deal ( elevat$ s5tim5t rev]5tially express$ ( ! p[] & b5ignity ( ! ,almighty2 b !y /& on no high] rank ?an _m o!r compositions on simil> subjects1 z well be=e t "t z s9ce4 ,! ,prov]bs :i* are said to be ,solomon's1 ?\gh mo/ probably a collection1 7because !y discov] a k ( life1 :i* 8 situation exclud$ him f kn[+7 are an in/ructive table ( e?ics4 ,!y are inf]ior 9 ke5ness to ! prov]bs ( ! ,spani>ds1 & n m wise & oeconomical ?an ^? ( ! ,am]ican ,frankl94 ,all ! rema9+ p>ts ( ! ,bible1 g5]ally kn[n by ! "n ( ! ,prophets1 are ! works ( ! ,jewi% poets & it9]ant prea*]s1 :o mix$ poetry1 anecdote1 & devotion toge!r--& ^? works /ill reta9 ! air & /yle ( poetry1 ?\gh 9 translation4 ,,note3 ,z !re are _m read]s :o d n see t a composition is poetry1 unless x be 9 rhyme1 x is = _! in=mation t ,i add ?is note4 ,poetry consi/s pr9cipally 9 two ?+s--imag]y & composition4 ,! composition ( poetry diff]s f t ( prose 9 ! mann] ( mix+ long & %ort syllables toge!r4 ,take a long syllable out ( a l9e ( poetry1 & put a %ort "o 9 ! room ( x1 or put a long syllable :]e a %ort "o %\ld be1 & t l9e w lose its poetical h>mony4 ,x w h an effect ^u ! l9e l t ( misplac+ a note 9 a song4 ,! imag]y 9 ^? books call$ ! ,prophets app]ta9s altoge!r to poetry4 ,x is fictiti\s1 & (t5 extravagant1 & n admissible 9 any o!r k9d ( writ+ ?an poetry4 ,to %[ t ^! writ+s are compos$ 9 poetical numb]s1 ,i w take t5 syllables1 z !y /& 9 ! book1 & make a l9e ( ! same numb] ( syllables1 7h]oic measure7 t %all rhyme ) ! la/ ^w4 ,x w !n be se5 t ! composition ( ^? books is poetical measure4 ,! in/ance ,i %all fir/ produce is f ,isaiah3-- 8,he>1 ,o ye heav5s1 & give e>1 ,o e>? ',t is ,god himself t calls att5tion =?4 ,ano!r in/ance ,i %all quote is f ! m\rnful ,j]emiah1 to :i* ,i %all add two o!r l9es1 = ! purpose ( c>ry+ out ! figure1 & %[+ ! int5tion ( ! poet4 8,o1 t m9e head 7 wat]s & m9e eyes ,7 f\nta9s fl[+ l ! liquid skies2 ,!n w\ld ,i give ! mighty flood release ,& weep a deluge = ! human race40--,au?or4 ,!re is n1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole book call$ ! ,bible1 any ^w t describes to u :at we call a poet1 nor any ^w t describes :at we call poetry4 ,! case is1 t ! ^w prophet1 to :i* a lat] times h affix$ a new idea1 0 ! ,bible ^w = poet1 & ! ^w #8propesy+' meant ! art ( mak+ poetry4 ,x also meant ! art ( play+ poetry to a tune ^u any in/rum5t ( music4 ,we read ( prophesy+ ) pipes1 tabrets1 & horns--( prophesy+ ) h>ps1 ) psalt]ies1 ) cymbals1 & ) e o!r in/rum5t ( music !n 9 fa%ion4 ,7 we n[ to speak ( prophesy+ ) a fiddle1 or ) a pipe & tabor1 ! expression w\ld h no mean+1 or w\ld appe> ridicul\s1 & to "s p contemptu\s1 because we h *ang$ ! mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,we are told ( ,saul be+ among ! prophets1 & also t he prophesi$2 b we are n told :at !y prophesi$1 nor :at he prophesi$4 ,! case is1 !re 0 no?+ to tell2 = ^! prophets 7 a company ( musicians & poets1 & ,saul jo9$ 9 ! conc]t1 & ?is 0 call$ prophesy+4 ,! acc\nt giv5 ( ?is affair 9 ! book call$ ,samuel1 is1 t ,saul met a company ( prophets2 a :ole company ( !m6 com+ d[n ) a psalt]y1 a tabret1 a pipe1 & a h>p1 & t !y prophesi$1 & t he prophesi$ ) !m4 ,b x appe>s aft]w>ds1 t ,saul prophesi$ badly1 t is1 he p]=m$ 8 "p badly2 = x is said t an 8evil _s f ,god ,,note3 ,z ^? m5 :o call !mselves div9es & comm5tators are v fond ( puzzl+ "o ano!r1 ,i leave !m to conte/ ! mean+ ( ! fir/ "p ( ! phrase1 t ( an evil _s ( ,god4 ,i keep to my text4 ,i keep to ! mean+ ( ! ^w prophesy4--,au?or4 came ^u ,saul1 & he prophesi$40 ,n[1 7 !re no o!r passage 9 ! book call$ ! ,bible1 ?an ?is1 to demon/rate to u t we h lo/ ! orig9al mean+ ( ! ^w prophesy1 & sub/itut$ ano!r mean+ 9 its place1 ?is alone w\ld be suffici5t2 = x is impossible to use & apply ! ^w prophesy1 9 ! place x is "h us$ & appli$1 if we give to x ! s5se :i* lat] times h affix$ to x4 ,! mann] 9 :i* x is "h us$ /rips x ( all religi\s mean+1 & %ews t a man might !n be a prophet1 or he might ,prophesy1 z he may n[ be a poet or a musician1 )\t any reg>d to ! morality or ! immorality ( 8 "*4 ,! ^w 0 orig9ally a t]m ( sci5ce1 promiscu\sly appli$ to poetry & to music1 & n re/rict$ to any subject ^u :i* poetry & music might be ex]cis$4 ,deborah & ,b>ak are call$ prophets1 n because !y pr$ict$ any?+1 b because !y compos$ ! poem or song t be>s _! "n1 9 celebration ( an act already done4 ,david is rank$ among ! prophets1 = he 0 a musician1 & 0 also reput$ to be 7?\gh p]haps v errone\sly7 ! au?or ( ! ,psalms4 ,b ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob are n call$ prophets2 x does n appe> f any acc\nts we h1 t !y c\ld ei!r s+1 play music1 or make poetry4 ,we are told ( ! great] & ! less] prophets4 ,!y might z well tell u ( ! great] & ! less] ,god2 = !re _c be degrees 9 prophesy+ consi/5tly ) its mod]n s5se4 ,b !re are degrees 9 poetry1 & !re-=e ! phrase is reconcilable to ! case1 :5 we und]/& by x ! great] & ! less] poets4 ,x is altoge!r unnecess>y1 aft] ?is1 to (f] any obs]vations ^u :at ^? m51 /yl$ prophets1 h writt54 ,! axe goes at once to ! root1 by %[+ t ! orig9al mean+ ( ! ^w has be5 mi/ak51 & consequ5tly all ! inf]5ces t h be5 drawn f ^? books1 ! devotional respect t has be5 paid to !m1 & ! lab\r$ comm5t>ies t h be5 writt5 ^u !m1 "u t mi/ak5 mean+1 are n wor? disput+ ab\t4--,9 _m ?+s1 h[ev]1 ! writ+s ( ! ,jewi% poets des]ve a bett] fate ?an t ( be+ b\nd up1 z !y n[ are1 ) ! tra% t accompanies !m1 "u ! abus$ "n ( ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,if we p]mit ourselves to conceive "r ideas ( ?+s1 we mu/ necess>ily affix ! idea1 n only ( un*angeabl5ess1 b ( ! utt] impossibility ( any *ange tak+ place1 by any means or accid5t :atev]1 9 t :i* we w\ld hon\r ) ! "n ( ! ,^w ( ,god2 & !re=e ! ,^w ( ,god _c exi/ 9 any writt5 or human language4 ,! cont9ually progressive *ange to :i* ! mean+ ( words is subject1 ! want ( an univ]sal language :i* r5d]s translation necess>y1 ! errors to :i* translations are aga9 subject1 ! mi/akes ( copyi/s & pr9t]s1 toge!r ) ! possibility ( wilful alt]ation1 are ( !mselves evid5ces t human language1 :e!r 9 spee* or 9 pr9t1 _c be ! vehicle ( ! ,^w ( ,god4--,! ,^w ( ,god exi/s 9 some?+ else4 ,did ! book call$ ! ,bible excel 9 purity ( ideas & expression all ! books n[ extant 9 ! _w1 ,i w\ld n take x = my rule ( fai?1 z be+ ! ,^w ( ,god2 because ! possibility w\ld nev]!less exi/ ( my be+ impos$ ^u4 ,b :5 ,i see ?r\gh\t ! greate/ "p ( ?is book sc>cely any?+ b a hi/ory ( ! grosse/ vices1 & a collection ( ! mo/ paltry & contemptible tales1 ,i _c di%on\r my ,creator by call+ x by 8 "n4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t4 ,?us mu* = ! ,bible2 ,i n[ g on to ! book call$ ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! new ,te/am5t6 t is1 ! #8new' ,w1 z if !re c\ld be two wills ( ! ,creator4 ,_h x be5 ! object or ! int5tion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to e/abli% a new religion1 he w\ld und\bt$ly h writt5 ! sy/em himself1 or procur$ x to be writt5 9 8 life "t4 ,b !re is no publication extant au!nticat$ ) 8 "n4 ,all ! books call$ ! ,new ,te/am5t 7 writt5 aft] 8 dea?4 ,he 0 a ,jew by bir? & by pr(ession2 & he 0 ! son ( ,god 9 l mann] t e o!r p]son is2 = ! ,creator is ! ,fa!r ( ,all4 ,! fir/ f\r books1 call$ ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john1 d n give a hi/ory ( ! life ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 b only deta*$ anecdotes ( him4 ,x appe>s f ^! books1 t ! :ole "t ( 8 be+ a prea*] 0 n m ?an eighte5 mon?s2 & x 0 only dur+ ?is %ort "t t ^? m5 became acqua9t$ ) him4 ,!y make m5tion ( him at ! age ( twelve ye>s1 sitt+1 !y say1 among ! ,jewi% doctors1 ask+ & answ]+ !m que/ions4 ,z ?is 0 sev]al ye>s be=e _! acqua9tance ) him began1 x is mo/ probable !y _h ?is anecdote f 8 p>5ts4 ,f ?is "t !re is no acc\nt ( him = ab\t sixte5 ye>s4 ,:]e he liv$1 or h[ he employ$ himself dur+ ?is int]val1 is n kn[n4 ,mo/ probably he 0 work+ at 8 fa!r's trade1 :i* 0 t ( a c>p5t]4 ,x does n appe> t he _h any s*ool education1 & ! probability is1 t he c\ld n write1 = 8 p>5ts 7 extremely poor1 z appe>s f _! n be+ able to pay = a b$ :5 he 0 born4 ,,note3 ,"o ( ! few errors traceable to ,pa9e's n hav+ a ,bible at h& :ile writ+ ,"p ,i4 ,!re is no indication t ! family 0 poor1 b ! rev]se may 9 fact be inf]r$4--,editor4 ,x is some:at curi\s t ! ?ree p]sons ^: names are ! mo/ univ]sally record$ 7 ( v obscure p>5tage4 ,moses 0 a f\ndl+2 ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 born 9 a /able2 & ,mahomet 0 a mule driv]4 ,! fir/ & ! la/ ( ^! m5 7 f\nd]s ( diff]5t sy/ems ( religion2 b ,jesus ,*ri/ f\nd$ no new sy/em4 ,he call$ m5 to ! practice ( moral virtues1 & ! belief ( "o ,god4 ,! great trait 9 8 "* is philan?ropy4 ,! mann] 9 :i* he 0 appreh5d$ %[s t he 0 n mu* kn[n1 at t "t2 & x %[s also t ! meet+s he !n held ) 8 foll[]s 7 9 secret2 & t he _h giv5 ov] or susp5d$ prea*+ publicly4 ,judas c\ld no o!rways betray him ?an by giv+ in=mation :]e he 01 & po9t+ him out to ! (fic]s t w5t to arre/ him2 & ! reason = employ+ & pay+ ,judas to d ?is c\ld arise only f ! causes already m5tion$1 t ( 8 n be+ mu* kn[n1 & liv+ conceal$4 ,! idea ( 8 concealm5t1 n only agrees v ill ) 8 reput$ div9ity1 b associates ) x some?+ ( pusillanimity2 & 8 be+ betray$1 or 9 o!r words1 8 be+ appreh5d$1 on ! in=mation ( "o ( 8 foll[]s1 %[s t he did n int5d to be appreh5d$1 & consequ5tly t he did n int5d to be crucifi$4 ,! ,*ri/ian my?ologi/s tell u t ,*ri/ di$ = ! s9s ( ! _w1 & t he came on ,purpose to die4 ,w\ld x n !n h be5 ! same if he _h di$ ( a fev] or ( ! small pox1 ( old age1 or ( any?+ else8 ,! decl>atory s5t5ce :i*1 !y say1 0 pass$ ^u ,adam1 9 case he ate ( ! apple1 0 n1 t ?\ %alt surely be crucifi$1 b1 ?\ %ale surely die4 ,! s5t5ce 0 dea?1 & n ! mann] ( dy+4 ,crucifixion1 !re=e1 or any o!r p>ticul> mann] ( dy+1 made no "p ( ! s5t5ce t ,adam 0 to suff]1 & consequ5tly1 ev5 ^u _! own tactic1 x c\ld make no "p ( ! s5t5ce t ,*ri/ 0 to suff] 9 ! room ( ,adam4 ,a fev] w\ld h done z well z a cross1 if !re 0 any occasion = ei!r4 ,?is s5t5ce ( dea?1 :i*1 !y tell u1 0 ?us pass$ ^u ,adam1 mu/ ei!r h meant dy+ naturally1 t is1 ceas+ to live1 or h meant :at ^! my?ologi/s call damnation2 & consequ5tly1 ! act ( dy+ on ! "p ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 mu/1 accord+ to _! sy/em1 apply z a prev5tion to "o or o!r ( ^! two ?+s happ5+ to ,adam & to u4 ,t x does n prev5t our dy+ is evid5t1 because we all die2 & if _! acc\nts ( longevity be true1 m5 die fa/] s9ce ! crucifixion ?an be=e3 & ) respect to ! second explanation1 7includ+ ) x ! natural dea? ( ,jesus ,*ri/ z a sub/itute = ! et]nal dea? or damnation ( all mank9d17 x is imp]t95tly repres5t+ ! ,creator z com+ (f1 or revok+ ! s5t5ce1 by a pun or a quibble ^u ! ^w dea?4 ,t manufactur] (1 quibbles1 ,/4 ,paul1 if he wrote ! books t be> 8 "n1 has help$ ?is quibble on by mak+ ano!r quibble ^u ! ^w ,adam4 ,he makes !re to be two ,adams2 ! "o :o s9s 9 fact1 & suff]s by proxy2 ! o!r :o s9s by proxy1 & suff]s 9 fact4 ,a religion ?us int]l>d$ ) quibble1 subt]fuge1 & pun1 has a t5d5cy to in/ruct its pr(essors 9 ! practice ( ^! arts4 ,!y acquire ! habit )\t be+ aw>e ( ! cause4 ,if ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ! be+ :i* ^? my?ologi/s tell u he 01 & t he came into ?is _w to suff]1 :i* is a ^w !y sometimes use in/ead ( #8to die1' ! only real suff]+ he c\ld h endur$ w\ld h be5 #8to live4' ,8 exi/5ce "h 0 a /ate ( exilem5t or transportation f heav51 & ! way back to 8 orig9al c\ntry 0 to die4--,9 f9e1 ev]y?+ 9 ?is /range sy/em is ! rev]se ( :at x pret5ds to be4 ,x is ! rev]se ( tru?1 & ,i become s tir$ ( exam9+ into its inconsi/5cies & absurdities1 t ,i ha/5 to ! conclusion ( x1 9 ord] to proce$ to some?+ bett]4 ,h[ mu*1 or :at p>ts ( ! books call$ ! ,new ,te/am5t1 7 writt5 by ! p]sons ^: names !y be>1 is :at we c "k no?+ (1 nei!r are we c]ta9 9 :at language !y 7 orig9ally writt54 ,! matt]s !y n[ conta9 may be class$ "u two heads3 anecdote1 & epi/ol>y correspond5ce4 ,! f\r books already m5tion$1 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john1 are altoge!r anecdotal4 ,!y relate ev5ts aft] !y _h tak5 place4 ,!y tell :at ,jesus ,*ri/ did & said1 & :at o!rs did & said to him2 & 9 sev]al in/ances !y relate ! same ev5t diff]5tly4 ,revelation is necess>ily out ( ! "q ) respect to ^? books2 n only because ( ! disagreem5t ( ! writ]s1 b because revelation _c be appli$ to ! relat+ ( facts by ! p]sons :o saw !m done1 nor to ! relat+ or record+ ( any disc\rse or conv]sation by ^? :o he>d x4 ,! book call$ ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les 7an anonym\s "w7 belongs also to ! anecdotal "p4 ,all ! o!r p>ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 except ! book ( enigmas1 call$ ! ,revelations1 are a collection ( lett]s "u ! "n ( epi/les2 & ! =g]y ( lett]s has be5 su* a common practice 9 ! _w1 t ! probability is at lea/ equal1 :e!r !y are g5u9e or =g$4 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 is mu* less equivocal1 :i* is1 t out ( ! matt]s conta9$ 9 ^? books1 toge!r ) ! assi/ance ( "s old /ories1 ! *ur* has set up a sy/em ( religion v contradictory to ! "* ( ! p]son ^: "n x be>s4 ,x has set up a religion ( pomp & ( rev5ue 9 pret5d$ imitation ( a p]son ^: life 0 humility & pov]ty4 ,! inv5tion ( a purgatory1 & ( ! releas+ ( s\ls !refrom1 by pray]s1 b\ght ( ! *ur* ) money2 ! sell+ ( p>dons1 disp5sations1 & indulg5ces1 are rev5ue laws1 )\t be>+ t "n or c>ry+ t appe>ance4 ,b ! case nev]!less is1 t ^? ?+s d]ive _! orig9 f ! proxysm ( ! crucifixion1 & ! !ory d$uc$ !refrom1 :i* 01 t "o p]son c\ld /& 9 ! place ( ano!r1 & c\ld p]=m m]itori\s s]vices = him4 ,! probability1 !re=e1 is1 t ! :ole !ory or doctr9e ( :at is call$ ! r$emption 7:i* is said to h be5 accompli%$ by ! act ( "o p]son 9 ! room ( ano!r7 0 orig9ally fabricat$ on purpose to br+ =w>d & build all ^? second>y & pecuni>y r$emptions ^u2 & t ! passages 9 ! books ^u :i* ! idea ( !ory ( r$emption is built1 h be5 manufactur$ & fabricat$ = t purpose4 ,:y are we to give ?is *ur* cr$it1 :5 %e tells u t ^? books are g5u9e 9 e "p1 any m ?an we give h] cr$it = ev]y?+ else %e has told u2 or = ! miracles %e says %e has p]=m$8 ,t %e c\ld fabricate writ+s is c]ta91 because %e c\ld write2 & ! composition ( ! writ+s 9 "q1 is ( t k9d t anybody might d x2 & t %e did fabricate !m is n m inconsi/5t ) probability1 ?an t %e %\ld tell u1 z %e has done1 t %e c\ld & did "w miracles4 ,s9ce1 !n1 no ext]nal evid5ce c1 at ?is long di/ance ( "t1 be produc$ to prove :e!r ! *ur* fabricat$ ! doctr9e call$ r$emption or n1 7= su* evid5ce1 :e!r = or aga9/1 w\ld be subject to ! same suspicion ( be+ fabricat$17 ! case c only be ref]r$ to ! int]nal evid5ce :i* ! ?+ c>ries ( itself2 & ?is af=ds a v /rong presumption ( its be+ a fabrication4 ,= ! int]nal evid5ce is1 t ! !ory or doctr9e ( r$emption has = its basis an idea ( pecuni>y ju/ice1 & n t ( moral ju/ice4 ,if ,i owe a p]son money1 & _c pay him1 & he ?reat5s to put me 9 prison1 ano!r p]son c take ! debt ^u himself1 & pay x = me4 ,b if ,i h committ$ a crime1 e circum/ance ( ! case is *ang$4 ,moral ju/ice _c take ! innoc5t = ! guilty ev5 if ! innoc5t w\ld (f] itself4 ,to suppose ju/ice to d ?is1 is to de/roy ! pr9ciple ( its exi/5ce1 :i* is ! ?+ itself4 ,x is !n no long] ju/ice4 ,x is indiscrim9ate rev5ge4 ,?is s+le reflection w %[ t ! doctr9e ( r$emption is f\nd$ on a m]e pecuni>y idea correspond+ to t ( a debt :i* ano!r p]son might pay2 & z ?is pecuni>y idea corresponds aga9 ) ! sy/em ( second r$emptions1 obta9$ ?r\gh ! means ( money giv5 to ! *ur* = p>dons1 ! probability is t ! same p]sons fabricat$ bo? ! "o & ! o!r ( ^? !ories2 & t1 9 tru?1 !re is no su* ?+ z r$emption2 t x is fabul\s2 & t man /&s 9 ! same relative condition ) 8 ,mak] he ev] did /&1 s9ce man exi/$2 & t x is 8 greate/ consolation to ?9k s4 ,let him believe ?is1 & he w live m consi/5tly & morally1 ?an by any o!r sy/em4 ,x is by 8 be+ taught to contemplate himself z an out-law1 z an out-ca/1 z a begg>1 z a mump]1 z "o ?r[n z x 7 on a dunghill1 at an imm5se di/ance f 8 ,creator1 & :o mu/ make 8 approa*es by creep+1 & cr++ to int]m$iate be+s1 t he conceives ei!r a contemptu\s disreg>d = ev]y?+ "u ! "n ( religion1 or becomes indiff]5t1 or turns :at he calls dev\t4 ,9 ! latt] case1 he consumes 8 life 9 grief1 or ! affectation ( x4 ,8 pray]s are reproa*es4 ,8 humility is +ratitude4 ,he calls himself a worm1 & ! f]tile e>? a dunghill2 & all ! bless+s ( life by ! ?ankless "n ( vanities4 ,he despises ! *oice/ gift ( ,god to man1 ! ,,gift ,,( ,,reason2 & hav+ endeav\r$ to =ce ^u himself ! belief ( a sy/em aga9/ :i* reason revolts1 he ungratefully calls x human reason1 z if man c\ld give reason to himself4 ,yet1 ) all ?is /range appe>ance ( humility1 & ?is contempt = human reason1 he v5tures into ! bolde/ presumptions4 ,he f9ds fault ) ev]y?+4 ,8 selfi%ness is nev] satisfi$2 8 +ratitude is nev] at an end4 ,he takes on himself to direct ! ,almighty :at to d1 ev5 9 ! govemm5t ( ! univ]se4 ,he prays dictatorially4 ,:5 x is sun%9e1 he prays = ra91 & :5 x is ra91 he prays = sun%9e4 ,he foll[s ! same idea 9 ev]y?+ t he prays =2 = :at is ! am\nt ( all 8 pray]s1 b an attempt to make ! ,almighty *ange 8 m9d1 & act o!rwise ?an he does8 ,x is z if he 7 to say--?\ kn[e/ n s well z ,i4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,9 ,,:at ,,! ,,true ,,revelation ,,consi/s4 ,b "s p]haps w say--,are we to h no ^w ( ,god--no revelation8 ,i answ] yes4 ,!re is a ,^w ( ,god2 !re is a revelation4 ,,! ,,^w ,,( ,,god ,,is ,,! ,,creation ,,we ,,behold3 ,& x is 9 ?is ^w1 :i* no human inv5tion c c\nt]feit or alt]1 t ,god speake? univ]sally to man4 ,human language is local & *angeable1 & is !re=e incapable ( be+ us$ z ! means ( un*angeable & univ]sal in=mation4 ,! idea t ,god s5t ,jesus ,*ri/ to publi%1 z !y say1 ! glad tid+s to all nations1 f "o end ( ! e>? unto ! o!r1 is consi/5t only ) ! ignorance ( ^? :o "k no?+ ( ! ext5t ( ! _w1 & :o believ$1 z ^? _w-savi\rs believ$1 & cont9u$ to believe = sev]al c5turies1 7& t 9 contradiction to ! discov]ies ( philosoph]s & ! exp]i5ce ( navigators17 t ! e>? 0 flat l a tr5*]2 & t a man might walk to ! end ( x4 ,b h[ 0 ,jesus ,*ri/ to make any?+ kn[n to all nations8 ,he c\ld speak b "o language1 :i* 0 ,hebrew2 & !re are 9 ! _w sev]al hundr$ languages4 ,sc>cely any two nations speak ! same language1 or und]/& ea* o!r2 & z to translations1 e man :o kn[s any?+ ( languages1 kn[s t x is impossible to translate f "o language into ano!r1 n only )\t los+ a great "p ( ! orig9al1 b frequ5tly ( mi/ak+ ! s5se2 & besides all ?is1 ! art ( pr9t+ 0 :olly unkn[n at ! "t ,*ri/ liv$4 ,x is always necess>y t ! means t are to accompli% any end be equal to ! accompli%m5t ( t end1 or ! end _c be accompli%$4 ,x is 9 ?is t ! diff]5ce betwe5 f9ite & inf9ite p[] & wisdom discov]s itself4 ,man frequ5tly fails 9 accompli%+ 8 end1 f a natural inability ( ! p[] to ! purpose2 & frequ5tly f ! want ( wisdom to apply p[] prop]ly4 ,b x is impossible = inf9ite p[] & wisdom to fail z man faile?4 ,! means x use? are always equal to ! end3 b human language1 m especially z !re is n an univ]sal language1 is incapable ( be+ us$ z an univ]sal means ( un*angeable & uni=m in=mation2 & !re=e x is n ! means t ,god use? 9 manife/+ himself univ]sally to man4 ,x is only 9 ! ,,creation t all our ideas & conceptions ( a ^w ( ,god c unite4 ,! ,creation speake? an univ]sal language1 indep5d5tly ( human spee* or human language1 multipli$ & v>i\s z !y be4 ,x is an ev] exi/+ orig9al1 :i* e man c read4 ,x _c be =g$2 x _c be c\nt]feit$2 x _c be lo/2 x _c be alt]$2 x _c be suppress$4 ,x does n dep5d ^u ! w ( man :e!r x %all be publi%$ or n2 x publi%es itself f "o end ( ! e>? to ! o!r4 ,x prea*es to all nations & to all worlds2 & ?is ^w ( ,god reveals to man all t is necess>y = man to "k ( ,god4 ,d we want to contemplate 8 p[]8 ,we see x 9 ! imm5sity ( ! creation4 ,d we want to contemplate 8 wisdom8 ,we see x 9 ! un*angeable ord] by :i* ! incompreh5sible ,:ole is gov]n$4 ,d we want to contemplate 8 munific5ce8 ,we see x 9 ! abundance ) :i* he fills ! e>?4 ,d we want to contemplate 8 m]cy8 ,we see x 9 8 n )hold+ t abundance ev5 f ! un?ankful4 ,9 f9e1 d we want to "k :at ,god is8 ,se>* n ! book call$ ! scripture1 :i* any human h& might make1 b ! scripture call$ ! ,creation4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,conc]n+ ,,god1 ,,& ,,! ,,lights ,,ca/ ,,on ,,8 ,,exi/5ce ,,& ,,attributes ,,by ,,! ,,bible4 ,! only idea man c affix to ! "n ( ,god1 is t ( a fir/ cause1 ! cause ( all ?+s4 ,&1 incompreh5sibly difficult z x is = a man to conceive :at a fir/ cause is1 he arrives at ! belief ( x1 f ! t5fold great] difficulty ( disbeliev+ x4 ,x is difficult beyond description to conceive t space c h no end2 b x is m difficult to conceive an end4 ,x is difficult beyond ! p[] ( man to conceive an et]nal duration ( :at we call "t2 b x is m impossible to conceive a "t :5 !re %all be no "t4 ,9 l mann] ( reason+1 ev]y?+ we behold c>ries 9 itself ! int]nal evid5ce t x did n make itself4 ,e man is an evid5ce to himself1 t he did n make himself2 nei!r c\ld 8 fa!r make himself1 nor 8 gr&fa!r1 nor any ( 8 race2 nei!r c\ld any tree1 plant1 or animal make itself2 & x is ! conviction aris+ f ?is evid5ce1 t c>ries u on1 z x 71 by necessity1 to ! belief ( a fir/ cause et]nally exi/+1 ( a nature totally diff]5t to any mat]ial exi/5ce we "k (1 & by ! p[] ( :i* all ?+s exi/2 & ?is fir/ cause1 man calls ,god4 ,x is only by ! ex]cise ( reason1 t man c discov] ,god4 ,take away t reason1 & he w\ld be incapable ( und]/&+ any?+2 & 9 ?is case x w\ld be j z consi/5t to read ev5 ! book call$ ! ,bible to a horse z to a man4 ,h[ !n is x t ^? p pret5d to reject reason8 ,almo/ ! only p>ts 9 ! book call$ ! ,bible1 t convey to u any idea ( ,god1 are "s *apt]s 9 ,job1 & ! #ai? ,psalm2 ,i recollect no o!r4 ,^? p>ts are true dei/ical compositions2 = !y treat ( ! ,deity ?r\gh 8 works4 ,!y take ! book ( ,creation z ! ^w ( ,god2 !y ref] to no o!r book2 & all ! inf]5ces !y make are drawn f t volume4 ,i ins]t 9 ?is place ! #ai? ,psalm1 z p>aphras$ into ,engli% v]se by ,addison4 ,i recollect n ! prose1 & :]e ,i write ?is ,i h n ! opportunity ( see+ x3 ,! spaci\s firmam5t on high1 ,) all ! blue e!rial sky1 ,& spangl$ heav5s1 a %9+ frame1 ,_! great orig9al proclaim4 ,! unwe>i$ sun1 f day to day1 ,does 8 ,creator's p[] display1 ,& publi%es to e l& ,! "w ( an ,almighty h&4 ,soon z ! ev5+ %ades prevail1 ,! moon takes up ! wondr\s tale1 ,& nightly to ! li/'n+ e>? ,repeats ! /ory ( h] bir?2 ,:il/ all ! />s t r\nd h] burn1 ,& all ! planets1 9 _! turn1 ,confirm ! tid+s z !y roll1 ,& spread ! tru? f pole to pole4 ,:at ?\gh 9 solemn sil5ce all ,move r\nd ?is d>k t]re/rial ball ,:at ?\gh no real voice1 nor s\nd1 ,amid/ _! radiant orbs be f\nd1 ,9 reason's e> !y all rejoice1 ,& utt] =? a glori\s voice1 ,=ev] s++ z !y %9e1 ,,! ,,h& ,,t ,,made ,,u ,,is ,,div9e4 ,:at m does man want to "k1 ?an t ! h& or p[] t made ^! ?+s is div9e1 is omnipot5t8 ,let him believe ?is1 ) ! =ce x is impossible to repel if he p]mits 8 reason to act1 & 8 rule ( moral life w foll[ ( c\rse4 ,! allusions 9 ,job h all ( !m ! same t5d5cy ) ?is ,psalm2 t ( d$uc+ or prov+ a tru? t w\ld be o!rwise unkn[n1 f tru?s already kn[n4 ,i recollect n en\gh ( ! passages 9 ,job to ins]t !m correctly2 b !re is "o t occurs to me t is applicable to ! subject ,i am speak+ ^u4 8,can/ ?\ by se>*+ f9d out ,god2 can/ ?\ f9d out ! ,almighty to p]fection80 ,i "k n h[ ! pr9t]s h po9t$ ?is passage1 = ,i keep no ,bible2 b x conta9s two di/9ct que/ions t admit ( di/9ct answ]s4 ,fir/1 ,can/ ?\ by se>*+ f9d out ,god8 ,yes4 ,because1 9 ! fir/ place1 ,i "k ,i did n make myself1 & yet ,i h exi/5ce2 & by se>*+ into ! nature ( o!r ?+s1 ,i f9d t no o!r ?+ c\ld make itself2 & yet millions ( o!r ?+s exi/2 !re=e x is1 t ,i "k1 by positive conclusion result+ f ?is se>*1 t !re is a p[] sup]ior to all ^? ?+s1 & t p[] is ,god4 ,secondly1 ,can/ ?\ f9d out ! ,almighty to p]fection8 ,no4 ,n only because ! p[] & wisdom ,he has manife/$ 9 ! /ructure ( ! ,creation t ,i behold is to me incompreh5sible2 b because ev5 ?is manife/ation1 great z x is is probably b a small display ( t imm5sity ( p[] & wisdom1 by :i* millions ( o!r worlds1 to me invisible by _! di/ance1 7 creat$ & cont9ue to exi/4 ,x is evid5t t bo? ( ^! que/ions 7 put to ! reason ( ! p]son to :om !y are suppos$ to h be5 address$2 & x is only by admitt+ ! fir/ "q to be answ]$ affirmatively1 t ! second c\ld foll[4 ,x w\ld h be5 unnecess>y1 & ev5 absurd1 to h put a second "q1 m difficult ?an ! fir/1 if ! fir/ "q _h be5 answ]$ negatively4 ,! two que/ions h diff]5t objects2 ! fir/ ref]s to ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! second to 8 attributes4 ,reason c discov] ! "o1 b x falls inf9itely %ort 9 discov]+ ! :ole ( ! o!r4 ,i recollect n a s+le passage 9 all ! writ+s ascrib$ to ! m5 call$ apo/les1 t conveys any idea ( :at ,god is4 ,^? writ+s are *iefly controv]sial2 & ! gloom9ess ( ! subject !y dwell ^u1 t ( a man dy+ 9 agony on a cross1 is bett] suit$ to ! gloomy g5ius ( a monk 9 a cell1 by :om x is n impossible !y 7 writt51 ?an to any man brea?+ ! op5 air ( ! ,creation4 ,! only passage t occurs to me1 t has any ref]5ce to ! works ( ,god1 by :i* only 8 p[] & wisdom c be kn[n1 is relat$ to h be5 spok5 by ,jesus ,*ri/1 z a rem$y aga9/ di/ru/ful c>e4 8,behold ! lilies ( ! field1 !y toil n1 nei!r d !y sp940 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is f> inf]ior to ! allusions 9 ,job & 9 ! #ai? ,psalm2 b x is simil> 9 idea1 & ! mode/y ( ! imag]y is correspond5t to ! mode/y ( ! man4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,! ,,!ology ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ians2 ,,& ,,! ,,true ,,!ology4 ,z to ! ,*ri/ian sy/em ( fai?1 x appe>s to me z a species ( a!ism2 a sort ( religi\s d5ial ( ,god4 ,x pr(esses to believe 9 a man r ?an 9 ,god4 ,x is a comp\nd made up *iefly ( man-ism ) b little deism1 & is z ne> to a!ism z twilight is to d>kness4 ,x introduces betwe5 man & 8 ,mak] an opaque body1 :i* x calls a r$eem]1 z ! moon introduces h] opaque self betwe5 ! e>? & ! sun1 & x produces by ?is means a religi\s or an irreligi\s eclipse ( light4 ,x has put ! :ole orbit ( reason into %ade4 ,! effect ( ?is obscurity has be5 t ( turn+ ev]y?+ upside d[n1 & repres5t+ x 9 rev]se2 & among ! revolutions x has ?us magically produc$1 x has made a revolution 9 ,!ology4 ,t :i* is n[ call$ natural philosophy1 embrac+ ! :ole circle ( sci5ce1 ( :i* a/ronomy occupies ! *ief place1 is ! /udy ( ! works ( ,god1 & ( ! p[] & wisdom ( ,god 9 8 works1 & is ! true !ology4 ,z to ! !ology t is n[ /udi$ 9 its place1 x is ! /udy ( human op9ions & ( human fancies conc]n+ ,god4 ,x is n ! /udy ( ,god himself 9 ! works t he has made1 b 9 ! works or writ+s t man has made2 & x is n among ! lea/ ( ! mis*iefs t ! ,*ri/ian sy/em has done to ! _w1 t x has ab&on$ ! orig9al & beautiful sy/em ( !ology1 l a beautiful innoc5t1 to di/ress & reproa*1 to make room = ! hag ( sup]/ition4 ,! ,book ( ,job & ! #ai? ,psalm1 :i* ev5 ! *ur* admits to be m anci5t ?an ! *ronological ord] 9 :i* !y /& 9 ! book call$ ! ,bible1 are !ological orations con=mable to ! orig9al sy/em ( !ology4 ,! int]nal evid5ce ( ^? orations proves to a demon/ration t ! /udy & contemplation ( ! works ( creation1 & ( ! p[] & wisdom ( ,god reveal$ & manife/$ 9 ^? works1 made a great "p ( ! religi\s devotion ( ! times 9 :i* !y 7 writt52 & x 0 ?is devotional /udy & contemplation t l$ to ! discov]y ( ! pr9ciples ^u :i* :at are n[ call$ ,sci5ces are e/abli%$2 & x is to ! discov]y ( ^! pr9ciples t almo/ all ! ,arts t contribute to ! conv5i5ce ( human life owe _! exi/5ce4 ,e pr9cipal art has "s sci5ce = its p>5t1 ?\gh ! p]son :o me*anically p]=ms ! "w does n always1 & b v seldom1 p]ceive ! connection4 ,x is a fraud ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em to call ! sci5ces #8human inv5tions2' x is only ! application ( !m t is human4 ,e sci5ce has = its basis a sy/em ( pr9ciples z fix$ & unalt]able z ^? by :i* ! univ]se is regulat$ & gov]n$4 ,man _c make pr9ciples1 he c only discov] !m4 ,= example3 ,e p]son :o looks at an almanack sees an acc\nt :5 an eclipse w take place1 & he sees also t x nev] fails to take place accord+ to ! acc\nt !re giv54 ,?is %[s t man is acqua9t$ ) ! laws by :i* ! heav5ly bodies move4 ,b x w\ld be some?+ worse ?an ignorance1 7 any *ur* on e>? to say t ^? laws are an human inv5tion4 ,x w\ld also be ignorance1 or some?+ worse1 to say t ! sci5tific pr9ciples1 by ! aid ( :i* man is enabl$ to calculate & =ekn[ :5 an eclipse w take place1 are an human inv5tion4 ,man _c inv5t any ?+ t is et]nal & immutable2 & ! sci5tific pr9ciples he employs = ?is purpose mu/1 & are1 ( necessity1 z et]nal & immutable z ! laws by :i* ! heav5ly bodies move1 or !y c\ld n be us$ z !y are to asc]ta9 ! "t :51 & ! mann] h[1 an eclipse w take place4 ,! sci5tific pr9ciples t man employs to obta9 ! =ekn[l$ge ( an eclipse1 or ( any ?+ else relat+ to ! motion ( ! heav5ly bodies1 are conta9$ *iefly 9 t "p ( sci5ce t is call$ trigonometry1 or ! prop]ties ( a triangle1 :i*1 :5 appli$ to ! /udy ( ! heav5ly bodies1 is call$ a/ronomy2 :5 appli$ to direct ! c\rse ( a %ip on ! ocean1 x is call$ navigation2 :5 appli$ to ! con/ruction ( figures drawn by a rule & compass1 x is call$ geometry2 :5 appli$ to ! con/ruction ( plans ( edifices1 x is call$ ar*itecture2 :5 appli$ to ! measurem5t ( any portion ( ! surface ( ! e>?1 x is call$ l&-survey+4 ,9 f9e1 x is ! s\l ( sci5ce4 ,x is an et]nal tru?3 x conta9s ! ma!matical demon/ration ( :i* man speaks1 & ! ext5t ( its uses are unkn[n4 ,x may be said1 t man c make or draw a triangle1 & !re=e a triangle is an human inv5tion4 ,b ! triangle1 :5 drawn1 is no o!r ?an ! image ( ! pr9ciple3 x is a del9eation to ! eye1 & f !nce to ! m9d1 ( a pr9ciple t w\ld o!rwise be imp]ceptible4 ,! triangle does n make ! pr9ciple1 any m ?an a c&le tak5 into a room t 0 d>k1 makes ! *airs & tables t be=e 7 invisible4 ,all ! prop]ties ( a triangle exi/ indep5d5tly ( ! figure1 & exi/$ be=e any triangle 0 drawn or ?\ght ( by man4 ,man _h no m to d 9 ! =mation ( ^? prop]ties or pr9ciples1 ?an he _h to d 9 mak+ ! laws by :i* ! heav5ly bodies move2 & !re=e ! "o mu/ h ! same div9e orig9 z ! o!r4 ,9 ! same mann] z1 x may be said1 t man c make a triangle1 s also1 may x be said1 he c make ! me*anical in/rum5t call$ a lev]4 ,b ! pr9ciple by :i* ! lev] acts1 is a ?+ di/9ct f ! in/rum5t1 & w\ld exi/ if ! in/rum5t did n2 x atta*es itself to ! in/rum5t aft] x is made2 ! in/rum5t1 !re=e1 c act no o!rwise ?an x does act2 nei!r c all ! ef=ts ( human inv5tion make x act o!rwise4 ,t :i*1 9 all su* cases1 man calls ! effect1 is no o!r ?an ! pr9ciple itself r5d]$ p]ceptible to ! s5ses4 ,s9ce1 !n1 man _c make pr9ciples1 f :5ce did he ga9 a k ( !m1 s z to be able to apply !m1 n only to ?+s on e>?1 b to asc]ta9 ! motion ( bodies s imm5sely di/ant f him z all ! heav5ly bodies are8 ,f :5ce1 ,i ask1 c\ld he ga9 t k1 b f ! /udy ( ! true !ology8 ,x is ! /ructure ( ! univ]se t has taught ?is k to man4 ,t /ructure is an ev]-exi/+ exhibition ( e pr9ciple ^u :i* e "p ( ma!matical sci5ce is f\nd$4 ,! (fspr+ ( ?is sci5ce is me*anics2 = me*anics is no o!r ?an ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce appli$ practically4 ,! man :o proportions ! sev]al p>ts ( a mill uses ! same sci5tific pr9ciples z if he _h ! p[] ( con/ruct+ an univ]se1 b z he _c give to matt] t invisible ag5cy by :i* all ! compon5t p>ts ( ! imm5se ma*9e ( ! univ]se h influ5ce ^u ea* o!r1 & act 9 motional unison toge!r1 )\t any app>5t contact1 & to :i* man has giv5 ! "n ( attraction1 gravitation1 & repulsion1 he supplies ! place ( t ag5cy by ! humble imitation ( tee? & cogs4 ,all ! p>ts ( man's microcosm mu/ visibly t\*4 ,b c\ld he ga9 a k ( t ag5cy1 s z to be able to apply x 9 practice1 we might !n say t ano!r canonical book ( ! ^w ( ,god _h be5 discov]$4 ,if man c\ld alt] ! prop]ties ( ! lev]1 s also c\ld he alt] ! prop]ties ( ! triangle3 = a lev] 7tak+ t sort ( lev] :i* is call$ a /eel-y>d1 = ! sake ( explanation7 =ms1 :5 9 motion1 a triangle4 ,! l9e x desc5ds f1 7"o po9t ( t l9e be+ 9 ! fulcrum17 ! l9e x desc5ds to1 & ! *ord ( ! arc1 :i* ! end ( ! lev] describes 9 ! air1 are ! ?ree sides ( a triangle4 ,! o!r arm ( ! lev] describes also a triangle2 & ! correspond+ sides ( ^? two triangles1 calculat$ sci5tifically1 or measur$ geometrically1--& also ! s9es1 tang5ts1 & secants g5]at$ f ! angles1 & geometrically measur$1--h ! same proportions to ea* o!r z ! diff]5t weights h t w balance ea* o!r on ! lev]1 leav+ ! weight ( ! lev] out ( ! case4 ,x may also be said1 t man c make a :eel & axis2 t he c put :eels ( diff]5t magnitudes toge!r1 & produce a mill4 ,/ill ! case comes back to ! same po9t1 :i* is1 t he did n make ! pr9ciple t gives ! :eels ^? p[]s4 ,?is pr9ciple is z unalt]able z 9 ! =m] cases1 or r x is ! same pr9ciple "u a diff]5t appe>ance to ! eye4 ,! p[] t two :eels ( diff]5t magnitudes h ^u ea* o!r is 9 ! same proportion z if ! semi-diamet] ( ! two :eels 7 jo9$ toge!r & made into t k9d ( lev] ,i h describ$1 susp5d$ at ! "p :]e ! semi-diamet]s jo92 = ! two :eels1 sci5tifically consid]$1 are no o!r ?an ! two circles g5]at$ by ! motion ( ! comp\nd lev]4 ,x is f ! /udy ( ! true !ology t all our k ( sci5ce is d]iv$2 & x is f t k t all ! arts h orig9at$4 ,! ,almighty lectur]1 by display+ ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce 9 ! /ructure ( ! univ]se1 has invit$ man to /udy & to imitation4 ,x is z if he _h said to ! inhabitants ( ?is globe t we call ours1 8,i h made an e>? = man to dwell ^u1 & ,i h r5d]$ ! />ry heav5s visible1 to tea* him sci5ce & ! arts4 ,he c n[ provide = 8 own com=t1 ,,& ,,le>n ,,f ,,my ,,munific5ce ,,to ,,all1 ,,to ,,be ,,k9d ,,to ,,ea* ,,o!r40 ,( :at use is x1 unless x be to tea* man some?+1 t 8 eye is end[$ ) ! p[] ( behold+1 to an incompreh5sible di/ance1 an imm5sity ( worlds revolv+ 9 ! ocean ( space8 ,or ( :at use is x t ?is imm5sity ( worlds is visible to man8 ,:at has man to d ) ! ,pleiades1 ) ,orion1 ) ,sirius1 ) ! /> he calls ! nor? />1 ) ! mov+ orbs he has nam$ ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us1 & ,m]cury1 if no uses are to foll[ f _! be+ visible8 ,a less p[] ( vision w\ld h be5 suffici5t = man1 if ! imm5sity he n[ possesses 7 giv5 only to wa/e itself1 z x 71 on an imm5se des]t ( space glitt]+ ) %[s4 ,x is only by contemplat+ :at he calls ! />ry heav5s1 z ! book & s*ool ( sci5ce1 t he discov]s any use 9 _! be+ visible to him1 or any advantage result+ f 8 imm5sity ( vision4 ,b :5 he contemplates ! subject 9 ?is light1 he sees an additional motive = say+1 t no?+ 0 made 9 va92 = 9 va9 w\ld be ?is p[] ( vision if x taught man no?+4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,effects ,,( ,,*ri/ianism ,,on ,,education2 ,,propos$ ,,re=ms ,z ! ,*ri/ian sy/em ( fai? has made a revolution 9 !ology1 s also has x made a revolution 9 ! /ate ( le>n+4 ,t :i* is n[ call$ le>n+1 0 n le>n+ orig9ally4 ,le>n+ does n consi/1 z ! s*ools n[ make x consi/1 9 ! k ( languages1 b 9 ! k ( ?+s to :i* language gives names4 ,! ,greeks 7 a le>n$ p1 b le>n+ ) !m did n consi/ 9 speak+ ,greek1 any m ?an 9 a ,roman's speak+ ,lat91 or a ,fr5*man's speak+ ,fr5*1 or an ,engli%man's speak+ ,engli%4 ,f :at we "k ( ! ,greeks1 x does n appe> t !y knew or /udi$ any language b _! own1 & ?is 0 "o cause ( _! becom+ s le>n$2 x af=d$ !m m "t to apply !mselves to bett] /udies4 ,! s*ools ( ! ,greeks 7 s*ools ( sci5ce & philosophy1 & n ( languages2 & x is 9 ! k ( ! ?+s t sci5ce & philosophy tea* t le>n+ consi/s4 ,almo/ all ! sci5tific le>n+ t n[ exi/s1 came to u f ! ,greeks1 or ! p :o spoke ! ,greek language4 ,x !re=e became necess>y to ! p ( o!r nations1 :o spoke a diff]5t language1 t "s among !m %\ld le>n ! ,greek language1 9 ord] t ! le>n+ ! ,greeks _h might be made kn[n 9 ^? nations1 by translat+ ! ,greek books ( sci5ce & philosophy into ! "m tongue ( ea* nation4 ,! /udy1 !re=e1 ( ! ,greek language 7& 9 ! same mann] = ! ,lat97 0 no o!r ?an ! drudg]y bus9ess ( a l+ui/2 & ! language ?us obta9$1 0 no o!r ?an ! means1 or z x 7 ! tools1 employ$ to obta9 ! le>n+ ! ,greeks _h4 ,x made no "p ( ! le>n+ itself2 & 0 s di/9ct f x z to make x exce$+ly probable t ! p]sons :o _h /udi$ ,greek suffici5tly to translate ^? works1 su* = in/ance z ,euclid's ,elem5ts1 did n und]/& any ( ! le>n+ ! works conta9$4 ,z !re is n[ no?+ new to be le>n$ f ! dead languages1 all ! useful books be+ already translat$1 ! languages are become useless1 & ! "t exp5d$ 9 tea*+ & 9 le>n+ !m is wa/$4 ,s f> z ! /udy ( languages may contribute to ! progress & communication ( k 7= x has no?+ to d ) ! creation ( k7 x is only 9 ! liv+ languages t new k is to be f\nd2 & c]ta9 x is1 t1 9 g5]al1 a y\? w le>n m ( a liv+ language 9 "o ye>1 ?an ( a dead language 9 sev52 & x is b seldom t ! tea*] kn[s mu* ( x himself4 ,! difficulty ( le>n+ ! dead languages does n arise f any sup]ior ab/rus5ess 9 ! languages !mselves1 b 9 _! be+ dead1 & ! pronunciation entirely lo/4 ,x w\ld be ! same ?+ ) any o!r language :5 x becomes dead4 ,! be/ ,greek l+ui/ t n[ exi/s does n und]/& ,greek s well z a ,grecian pl[man did1 or a ,grecian milkmaid2 & ! same = ! ,lat91 comp>$ ) a pl[man or a milkmaid ( ! ,romans2 & ) respect to pronunciation & idiom1 n s well z ! c[s t %e milk$4 ,x w\ld !re=e be advantage\s to ! /ate ( le>n+ to aboli% ! /udy ( ! dead languages1 & to make le>n+ consi/1 z x orig9ally did1 9 sci5tific k4 ,! apology t is sometimes made = cont9u+ to tea* ! dead languages is1 t !y are taught at a "t :5 a *ild is n capable ( ex]t+ any o!r m5tal faculty ?an t ( memory4 ,b ?is is altoge!r errone\s4 ,! human m9d has a natural disposition to sci5tific k1 & to ! ?+s connect$ ) x4 ,! fir/ & fav\rite amusem5t ( a *ild1 ev5 be=e x beg9s to play1 is t ( imitat+ ! works ( man4 ,x builds h\ses ) c>ds or /icks2 x navigates ! little ocean ( a b[l ( wat] ) a pap] boat2 or dams ! /ream ( a gutt]1 & contrives some?+ :i* x calls a mill2 & x int]e/s itself 9 ! fate ( its works ) a c>e t resembles affection4 ,x aft]w>ds goes to s*ool1 :]e its g5ius is kill$ by ! b>r5 /udy ( a dead language1 & ! philosoph] is lo/ 9 ! l+ui/4 ,b ! apology t is n[ made = cont9u+ to tea* ! dead languages1 c\ld n be ! cause at fir/ ( cutt+ d[n le>n+ to ! n>r[ & humble sph]e ( l+ui/ry2 ! cause !re=e mu/ be s\ght = else:]e4 ,9 all rese>*es ( ?is k9d1 ! be/ evid5ce t c be produc$1 is ! int]nal evid5ce ! ?+ c>ries ) itself1 & ! evid5ce ( circum/ances t unites ) x2 bo? ( :i*1 9 ?is case1 are n difficult to be discov]$4 ,putt+ !n aside1 z matt] ( di/9ct consid]ation1 ! outrage (f]$ to ! moral ju/ice ( ,god1 by suppos+ him to make ! innoc5t suff] = ! guilty1 & also ! loose morality & l[ contrivance ( suppos+ him to *ange himself into ! %ape ( a man1 9 ord] to make an excuse to himself = n execut+ 8 suppos$ s5t5ce ^u ,adam2 putt+1 ,i say1 ^? ?+s aside z matt] ( di/9ct consid]ation1 x is c]ta9 t :at is call$ ! *ri/ian sy/em ( fai?1 includ+ 9 x ! :imsical acc\nt ( ! creation--! /range /ory ( ,eve1 ! snake1 & ! apple--! amphibi\s idea ( a man-god--! corporeal idea ( ! dea? ( a god--! my?ological idea ( a family ( gods1 & ! *ri/ian sy/em ( ari?metic1 t ?ree are "o1 & "o is ?ree1 are all irreconcilable1 n only to ! div9e gift ( reason1 t ,god has giv5 to man1 b to ! k t man ga9s ( ! p[] & wisdom ( ,god by ! aid ( ! sci5ces1 & by /udy+ ! /ructure ( ! univ]se t ,god has made4 ,! sett]s up1 !re=e1 & ! advocates ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em ( fai?1 c\ld n b =esee t ! cont9ually progressive k t man w\ld ga9 by ! aid ( sci5ce1 ( ! p[] & wisdom ( ,god1 manife/$ 9 ! /ructure ( ! univ]se1 & 9 all ! works ( creation1 w\ld militate aga9/1 & call into "q1 ! tru? ( _! sy/em ( fai?2 & !re=e x became necess>y to _! purpose to cut le>n+ d[n to a size less dang]\s to _! project1 & ?is !y effect$ by re/rict+ ! idea ( le>n+ to ! dead /udy ( dead languages4 ,!y n only reject$ ! /udy ( sci5ce out ( ! *ri/ian s*ools1 b !y p]secut$ x2 & x is only )9 ab\t ! la/ two c5turies t ! /udy has be5 reviv$4 ,s late z #afaj1 ,galileo1 a ,flor5t9e1 discov]$ & introduc$ ! use ( telescopes1 & by apply+ !m to obs]ve ! motions & appe>ances ( ! heav5ly bodies1 af=d$ additional means = asc]ta9+ ! true /ructure ( ! univ]se4 ,in/ead ( be+ e/eem$ = ^! discov]ies1 he 0 s5t5c$ to r5\nce !m1 or ! op9ions result+ f !m1 z a damnable h]esy4 ,& prior to t "t ,virgilius 0 condemn$ to be burn$ = ass]t+ ! antipodes1 or 9 o!r words1 t ! e>? 0 a globe1 & habitable 9 e "p :]e !re 0 l&2 yet ! tru? ( ?is is n[ too well kn[n ev5 to be told4 ,,note3 ,i _c discov] ! s\rce ( ?is /atem5t conc]n+ ! anci5t au?or ^: ,iri% "n ,feirghill 0 ,lat9iz$ into ,virgilius4 ,! ,briti% ,museum possesses a copy ( ! "w 7,decalogiunt7 :i* 0 ! pretext ( ! *>ge ( h]esy made by ,boniface1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,may5ce1 aga9/ ,virgilius1 ,abbot--bi%op ( ,salzburg1 ,^! 7 lead]s ( ! rival 8,briti%0 & 8,roman p>ties1 & ! ,briti% *ampion made a c\nt]*>ge aga9/ ,boniface ( irreligi\s practices40 ,boniface _h to express a 8regret10 b none ! less pursu$ 8 rival4 ,! ,pope1 ,za*>y ,,ii41 decid$ t if 8 alleg$ 8doctr9e1 aga9/ ,god & 8 s\l1 t b5ea? ! e>? !re is ano!r _w1 o!r m51 or sun & moon10 %\ld be ackn[l$g$ by ,virgilius1 he %\ld be excommunicat$ by a ,c\ncil & condemn$ ) canonical sanctions4 ,:atev] may h be5 ! fate involv$ by condemnation ) 8canonicis sanctionibus10 9 ! middle ( ! eigh? c5tury1 x did n fall on ,virgilius4 ,8 accus]1 ,boniface1 0 m>tyr$1 #gee1 & x is probable t ,virgilius h>moni$ 8 ,antipodes ) or?odoxy4 ,! gravam5 ( ! h]esy seems to h be5 ! sugge/ion t !re 7 m5 n ( ! prog5y ( ,adam4 ,virgilius 0 made ,bi%op ( ,salzburg 9 #gfh4 ,he bore until 8 dea?1 #ghi1 ! curi\s title1 8,geomet] & ,solit>y10 or 8lone wayf>]0 7,solivagus74 ,a suspicion ( h]esy clung to 8 memory until #abcc1 :5 he 0 rais$ by ,gregory ,,ix1 to sa9?ood beside 8 accus]1 ,/4 ,boniface4--,editor4 7,conway7 ,if ! belief ( errors n morally bad did no mis*ief1 x w\ld make no "p ( ! moral duty ( man to oppose & remove !m4 ,!re 0 no moral ill 9 believ+ ! e>? 0 flat l a tr5*]1 any m ?an !re 0 moral virtue 9 believ+ x 0 r\nd l a globe2 nei!r 0 !re any moral ill 9 believ+ t ! ,creator made no o!r _w ?an ?is1 any m ?an !re 0 moral virtue 9 believ+ t he made millions1 & t ! inf9ity ( space is fill$ ) worlds4 ,b :5 a sy/em ( religion is made to gr[ out ( a suppos$ sy/em ( creation t is n true1 & to unite itself !re) 9 a mann] almo/ insep>able !refrom1 ! case assumes an entirely diff]5t gr\nd4 ,x is !n t errors1 n morally bad1 become fraught ) ! same mis*iefs z if !y 74 ,x is !n t ! tru?1 ?\gh o!rwise indiff]5t itself1 becomes an ess5tial1 by becom+ ! crit]ion t ei!r confirms by correspond+ evid5ce1 or d5ies by contradictory evid5ce1 ! reality ( ! religion itself4 ,9 ?is view ( ! case x is ! moral duty ( man to obta9 e possible evid5ce t ! /ructure ( ! heav5s1 or any o!r "p ( creation af=ds1 ) respect to sy/ems ( religion4 ,b ?is1 ! support]s or p>tizans ( ! *ri/ian sy/em1 z if dread+ ! result1 incessantly oppos$1 & n only reject$ ! sci5ces1 b p]secut$ ! pr(essors4 ,_h ,newton or ,desc>tes liv$ ?ree or f\r hundr$ ye>s ago1 & pursu$ _! /udies z !y did1 x is mo/ probable !y w\ld n h liv$ to f9i% !m2 & _h ,frankl9 drawn lightn+ f ! cl\ds at ! same "t1 x w\ld h be5 at ! haz>d ( expir+ = x 9 flames4 ,lat] times h laid all ! blame ^u ! ,go?s & ,v&als1 b1 h[ev] unwill+ ! p>tizans ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em may be to believe or to ackn[l$ge x1 x is nev]!less true1 t ! age ( ignorance comm5c$ ) ! ,*ri/ian sy/em4 ,!re 0 m k 9 ! _w be=e t p]iod1 ?an = _m c5turies aft]w>ds2 & z to religi\s k1 ! ,*ri/ian sy/em1 z already said1 0 only ano!r species ( my?ology2 & ! my?ology to :i* x succe$$1 0 a corruption ( an anci5t sy/em ( !ism4 ,,note by ,pa9e3 ,x is impossible = u n[ to "k at :at "t ! hea!n my?ology began2 b x is c]ta91 f ! int]nal evid5ce t x c>ries1 t x did n beg9 9 ! same /ate or condition 9 :i* x end$4 ,all ! gods ( t my?ology1 except ,saturn1 7 ( mod]n inv5tion4 ,! suppos$ reign ( ,saturn 0 prior to t :i* is call$ ! hea!n my?ology1 & 0 s f> a species ( !ism t x admitt$ ! belief ( only "o ,god4 ,saturn is suppos$ to h abdicat$ ! govemm5t 9 fav\r ( 8 ?ree sons & "o daught]1 ,jupit]1 ,pluto1 ,neptune1 & ,juno2 aft] ?is1 ?\s&s ( o!r gods & demigods 7 imag9>ily creat$1 & ! cal5d> ( gods increas$ z fa/ z ! cal5d> ( sa9ts & ! cal5d> ( c\rts h increas$ s9ce4 ,all ! corruptions t h tak5 place1 9 !ology & 9 religion h be5 produc$ by admitt+ ( :at man calls #8reveal$ religion4' ,! my?ologi/s pret5d$ to m reveal$ religion ?an ! *ri/ians d4 ,!y _h _! oracles & _! prie/s1 :o 7 suppos$ to receive & deliv] ! ^w ( ,god v]bally on almo/ all occasions4 ,s9ce !n all corruptions d[n f ,molo* to mod]n pr$e/9>ianism1 & ! human sacrifices ( ! hea!ns to ! *ri/ian sacrifice ( ! ,creator1 h be5 produc$ by admitt+ ( :at is call$ reveal$ religion1 ! mo/ effectual means to prev5t all su* evils & impositions is1 n to admit ( any o!r revelation ?an t :i* is manife/$ 9 ! book ( ,creation41 & to contemplate ! ,creation z ! only true & real ^w ( ,god t ev] did or ev] w exi/2 & e ?+ else call$ ! ^w ( ,god is fable & imposition4--,au?or4 ,x is ow+ to ?is long int]regnum ( sci5ce1 & to no o!r cause1 t we h n[ to look back ?r\gh a va/ *asm ( _m hundr$ ye>s to ! respectable *>act]s we call ! ,anci5ts4 ,_h ! progression ( k gone on proportionably ) ! /ock t be=e exi/$1 t *asm w\ld h be5 fill$ up ) *>act]s ris+ sup]ior 9 k to ea* o!r2 & ^? ,anci5ts we n[ s mu* admire w\ld h appe>$ respectably 9 ! backgr\nd ( ! sc5e4 ,b ! *ri/ian sy/em laid all wa/e2 & if we take our /& ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 we look back ?r\gh t long *asm1 to ! times ( ! ,anci5ts1 z ov] a va/ s&y des]t1 9 :i* n a %rub appe>s to int]cept ! vision to ! f]tile hills beyond4 ,x is an inconsi/5cy sc>cely possible to be cr$it$1 t any ?+ %\ld exi/1 "u ! "n ( a religion1 t held x to be irreligi\s to /udy & contemplate ! /ructure ( ! univ]se t ,god _h made4 ,b ! fact is too well e/abli%$ to be d5i$4 ,! ev5t t s]v$ m ?an any o!r to break ! fir/ l9k 9 ?is long *a9 ( despotic ignorance1 is t kn[n by ! "n ( ! ,re=mation by ,lu!r4 ,f t "t1 ?\gh x does n appe> to h made any "p ( ! int5tion ( ,lu!r1 or ( ^? :o are call$ ,re=m]s1 ! ,sci5ces began to revive1 & ,lib]ality1 _! natural associate1 began to appe>4 ,?is 0 ! only public good ! ,re=mation did2 =1 ) respect to religi\s good1 x might z well n h tak5 place4 ,! my?ology /ill cont9u$ ! same2 & a multiplicity ( ,national ,popes grew out ( ! d[nfall ( ! ,pope ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,comp>ison ,,( ,,*ri/ianism ,,) ,,! ,,religi\s ,,ideas ,,inspir$ ,,by ,,nature ,hav+ ?us %ewn1 f ! int]nal evid5ce ( ?+s1 ! cause t produc$ a *ange 9 ! /ate ( le>n+1 & ! motive = sub/itut+ ! /udy ( ! dead languages1 9 ! place ( ! ,sci5ces1 ,i proce$1 9 addition to ! sev]al obs]vations already made 9 ! =m] "p ( ?is "w1 to comp>e1 or r to confront1 ! evid5ce t ! /ructure ( ! univ]se af=ds1 ) ! *ri/ian sy/em ( religion4 ,b z ,i _c beg9 ?is "p bett] ?an by ref]r+ to ! ideas t occurr$ to me at an e>ly "p ( life1 & :i* ,i d\bt n h occurr$ 9 "s degree to almo/ e o!r p]son at "o "t or o!r1 ,i %all /ate :at ^? ideas 71 & add !reto su* o!r matt] z %all arise out ( ! subject1 giv+ to ! :ole1 by way ( preface1 a %ort introduction4 ,my fa!r be+ ( ! quak] pr(ession1 x 0 my good =tune to h an exce$+ly good moral education1 & a tol]able /ock ( useful le>n+4 ,?\gh ,i w5t to ! gramm> s*ool1 ,i did n le>n ,lat91 n only because ,i _h no incl9ation to le>n languages1 b because ( ! objection ! quak]s h aga9/ ! books 9 :i* ! language is taught4 ,b ?is did n prev5t me f be+ acqua9t$ ) ! subjects ( all ! ,lat9 books us$ 9 ! s*ool4 ,! natural b5t ( my m9d 0 to sci5ce4 ,i _h "s turn1 & ,i believe "s tal5t = poetry2 b ?is ,i r repress$ ?an enc\rag$1 z lead+ too mu* into ! field ( imag9ation4 ,z soon z ,i 0 able1 ,i pur*as$ a pair ( globes1 & att5d$ ! philosophical lectures ( ,m>t9 & ,f]guson1 & became aft]w>ds acqua9t$ ) ,dr4 ,bevis1 ( ! society call$ ! ,royal ,society1 !n liv+ 9 ! ,temple1 & an excell5t a/ronom]4 ,i _h no disposition = :at 0 call$ politics4 ,x pres5t$ to my m9d no o!r idea ?an is conta9$ 9 ! ^w jockey%ip4 ,:51 !re=e1 ,i turn$ my ?\ghts t[>ds matt]s ( gov]nm5t1 ,i _h to =m a sy/em = myself1 t accord$ ) ! moral & philosophic pr9ciples 9 :i* ,i _h be5 educat$4 ,i saw1 or at lea/ ,i ?\ght ,i saw1 a va/ sc5e op5+ itself to ! _w 9 ! affairs ( ,am]ica2 & x appe>$ to me1 t unless ! ,am]icans *ang$ ! plan !y 7 !n pursu+1 ) respect to ! gov]nm5t ( ,engl&1 & decl>$ !mselves indep5d5t1 !y w\ld n only involve !mselves 9 a multiplicity ( new difficulties1 b %ut out ! prospect t 0 !n (f]+ itself to mank9d ?r\gh _! means4 ,x 0 f ^! motives t ,i publi%$ ! "w kn[n by ! "n ( ,common ,s5se1 :i* is ! fir/ "w ,i ev] did publi%1 & s f> z ,i c judge ( myself1 ,i believe ,i %\ld nev] h be5 kn[n 9 ! _w z an au?or on any subject :atev]1 _h x n be5 = ! affairs ( ,am]ica4 ,i wrote ,common ,s5se ! latt] end ( ! ye> #agge1 & publi%$ x ! fir/ ( ,janu>y1 #aggf4 ,indep5d5ce 0 decl>$ ! f\r? ( ,july foll[+4 ,,note3 ,! pamphlet ,common ,s5se 0 fir/ adv]tis$1 z 8j publi%$10 on ,janu>y #aj1 #aggf4 ,8 plea = ! ,(fic]s ( ,excise1 writt5 be=e leav+ ,engl&1 0 pr9t$1 b n publi%$ until #agic4 ,despite 8 reit]at$ ass]tion t ,common ,s5se 0 ! fir/ "w he ev] publi%$ ! notion t he 0 8junius0 /ill f9ds "s believ]s4 ,an indirect comm5t on our ,pa9e-,junians may be f\nd 9 ,"p #b ( ?is "w :]e ,pa9e says a man capable ( writ+ ,hom] 8w\ld n h ?r[n away 8 own fame by giv+ x to ano!r40 ,x is probable t ,pa9e ascrib$ ! ,lett]s ( ,junius to ,?omas ,hollis4 ,8 fri5d ,f4 ,lan!nas1 9 8 translation ( ! ,age ( ,reason 7#agid7 adv]tises 8 translation ( ! ,lett]s ( ,junius f ! ,engli% 87,?omas ,hollis740 ,?is he c\ld h>dly h done )\t consultation ) ,pa9e4 ,un=tunately ?is translation ( ,junius _c be f\nd ei!r 9 ! ,biblio!que ,nationale or ! ,briti% ,museum1 & x _c be said :e!r x conta9s any attempt at an id5tification ( ,junius--,editor4 ,any p]son1 :o has made obs]vations on ! /ate & progress ( ! human m9d1 by obs]v+ 8 own1 c n b h obs]v$1 t !re are two di/9ct classes ( :at are call$ ,?\ghts2 ^? t we produce 9 ourselves by reflection & ! act ( ?9k+1 & ^? t bolt into ! m9d ( _! own accord4 ,i h always made x a rule to treat ^? volunt>y visitors ) civility1 tak+ c>e to exam9e1 z well z ,i 0 able1 if !y 7 wor? ent]ta9+2 & x is f !m ,i h acquir$ almo/ all ! k t ,i h4 ,z to ! le>n+ t any p]son ga9s f s*ool education1 x s]ves only1 l a small capital1 to put him 9 ! way ( beg9n+ le>n+ = himself aft]w>ds4 ,e p]son ( le>n+ is f9ally 8 own tea*]2 ! reason ( :i* is1 t pr9ciples1 be+ ( a di/9ct quality to circum/ances1 _c be impress$ ^u ! memory2 _! place ( m5tal resid5ce is ! und]/&+1 & !y are nev] s la/+ z :5 !y beg9 by conception4 ,?us mu* = ! introductory "p4 ,f ! "t ,i 0 capable ( conceiv+ an idea1 & act+ ^u x by reflection1 ,i ei!r d\bt$ ! tru? ( ! *ri/ian sy/em1 or ?\ght x to be a /range affair2 ,i sc>cely knew :i* x 03 b ,i well rememb]1 :5 ab\t sev5 or eight ye>s ( age1 he>+ a s]mon read by a relation ( m9e1 :o 0 a great devotee ( ! *ur*1 ^u ! subject ( :at is call$ ,r$emption by ! dea? ( ! ,son ( ,god4 ,aft] ! s]mon 0 end$1 ,i w5t into ! g>d51 & z ,i 0 go+ d[n ! g>d5 /eps 7= ,i p]fectly recollect ! spot7 ,i revolt$ at ! recollection ( :at ,i _h he>d1 & ?\ght to myself t x 0 mak+ ,god ,almighty act l a passionate man1 t kill$ 8 son1 :5 he c\ld n rev5ge himself any o!r way2 & z ,i 0 sure a man w\ld be hang$ t did su* a ?+1 ,i c\ld n see = :at purpose !y prea*$ su* s]mons4 ,?is 0 n "o ( ^? k9d ( ?\ghts t _h any ?+ 9 x ( *ildi% levity2 x 0 to me a s]i\s reflection1 aris+ f ! idea ,i _h t ,god 0 too good to d su* an action1 & also too almighty to be "u any necessity ( do+ x4 ,i believe 9 ! same mann] to ?is mom5t2 & ,i moreov] believe1 t any sy/em ( religion t has any?+ 9 x t %ocks ! m9d ( a *ild1 _c be a true sy/em4 ,x seems z if p>5ts ( ! *ri/ian pr(ession 7 a%am$ to tell _! *ildr5 any ?+ ab\t ! pr9ciples ( _! religion4 ,!y sometimes in/ruct !m 9 morals1 & talk to !m ( ! goodness ( :at !y call ,provid5ce2 = ! ,*ri/ian my?ology has five deities3 !re is ,god ! ,fa!r1 ,god ! ,son1 ,god ! ,holy ,gho/1 ! ,god ,provid5ce1 & ! ,goddess ,nature4 ,b ! *ri/ian /ory ( ,god ! ,fa!r putt+ 8 son to dea?1 or employ+ p to d x1 7= t is ! pla9 language ( ! /ory17 _c be told by a p>5t to a *ild2 & to tell him t x 0 done to make mank9d happi] & bett]1 is mak+ ! /ory /ill worse2 z if mank9d c\ld be improv$ by ! example ( murd]2 & to tell him t all ?is is a my/]y1 is only mak+ an excuse = ! incr$ibility ( x4 ,h[ diff]5t is ?is to ! pure & simple pr(ession ( ,deism6 ,! true dei/ has b "o ,deity2 & 8 religion consi/s 9 contemplat+ ! p[]1 wisdom1 & b5ignity ( ! ,deity 9 8 works1 & 9 endeav\r+ to imitate him 9 e ?+ moral1 sci5tifical1 & me*anical4 ,! religion t approa*es ! ne>e/ ( all o!rs to true ,deism1 9 ! moral & b5ign "p !re(1 is t pr(ess$ by ! quak]s3 b !y h contract$ !mselves too mu* by leav+ ! works ( ,god out ( _! sy/em4 ,?\gh ,i rev]5ce _! philan?ropy1 ,i c n help smil+ at ! conceit1 t if ! ta/e ( a quak] c\ld h be5 consult$ at ! creation1 :at a sil5t & drab-color$ creation x w\ld h be56 ,n a fl[] w\ld h blossom$ its gaieties1 nor a bird be5 p]mitt$ to s+4 ,quitt+ ^! reflections1 ,i proce$ to o!r matt]s4 ,aft] ,i _h made myself ma/] ( ! use ( ! globes1 & ( ! orr]y1 ,,note by ,pa9e3 ,z ?is book may fall into ! b&s ( p]sons :o d n "k :at an orr]y is1 x is = _! in=mation ,i add ?is note1 z ! "n gives no idea ( ! uses ( ! ?+4 ,! orr]y has its "n f ! p]son :o inv5t$ x4 ,x is a ma*9]y ( clock-"w1 repres5t+ ! univ]se 9 m9iature3 & 9 :i* ! revolution ( ! e>? r\nd itself & r\nd ! sun1 ! revolution ( ! moon r\nd ! e>?1 ! revolution ( ! planets r\nd ! sun1 _! relative di/ances f ! sun1 z ! c5t] ( ! :ole sy/em1 _! relative di/ances f ea* o!r1 & _! diff]5t magnitudes1 are repres5t$ z !y really exi/ 9 :at we call ! heav5s4--,au?or4 & conceiv$ an idea ( ! inf9ity ( space1 & ( ! et]nal divisibility ( matt]1 & obta9$1 at lea/1 a g5]al k ( :at 0 call$ natural philosophy1 ,i began to comp>e1 or1 z ,i h be=e said1 to confront1 ! int]nal evid5ce ^? ?+s af=d ) ! *ri/ian sy/em ( fai?4 ,?\gh x is n a direct article ( ! *ri/ian sy/em t ?is _w t we inhabit is ! :ole ( ! habitable creation1 yet x is s work$ up !re)1 f :at is call$ ! ,mosaic acc\nt ( ! creation1 ! /ory ( ,eve & ! apple1 & ! c\nt]p>t ( t /ory1 ! dea? ( ! ,son ( ,god1 t to believe o!rwise1 t is1 to believe t ,god creat$ a plurality ( worlds1 at lea/ z num]\s z :at we call />s1 r5d]s ! *ri/ian sy/em ( fai? at once little & ridicul\s2 & scatt]s x 9 ! m9d l fea!rs 9 ! air4 ,! two beliefs c n be held toge!r 9 ! same m9d2 & he :o ?9ks t he believes bo?1 has ?\ght b little ( ei!r4 ,?\gh ! belief ( a plurality ( worlds 0 famili> to ! anci5ts1 x is only )9 ! la/ ?ree c5turies t ! ext5t & dim5sions ( ?is globe t we inhabit h be5 asc]ta9$4 ,sev]al vessels1 foll[+ ! tract ( ! ocean1 h sail$ entirely r\nd ! _w1 z a man may m>* 9 a circle1 & come r\nd by ! contr>y side ( ! circle to ! spot he set out f4 ,! circul> dim5sions ( our _w1 9 ! wide/ "p1 z a man w\ld measure ! wide/ r\nd ( an apple1 or a ball1 is only tw5ty-five ?\s& & tw5ty ,engli% miles1 reckon+ sixty-n9e miles & an half to an equatorial degree1 & may be sail$ r\nd 9 ! space ( ab\t ?ree ye>s4 ,,note by ,pa9e3 ,all[+ a %ip to sail1 on an av]age1 ?ree miles 9 an h\r1 %e w\ld sail entirely r\nd ! _w 9 less ?an "o ye>1 if %e c\ld sail 9 a direct circle1 b %e is oblig$ to foll[ ! c\rse ( ! ocean4--,au?or4 ,a _w ( ?is ext5t may1 at fir/ ?\ght1 appe> to u to be great2 b if we comp>e x ) ! imm5sity ( space 9 :i* x is susp5d$1 l a bubble or a balloon 9 ! air1 x is inf9itely less 9 proportion ?an ! smalle/ gra9 ( s& is to ! size ( ! _w1 or ! f9e/ p>ticle ( dew to ! :ole ocean1 & is !re=e b small2 &1 z w be h]eaft] %[n1 is only "o ( a sy/em ( worlds1 ( :i* ! univ]sal creation is compos$4 ,x is n difficult to ga9 "s fa9t idea ( ! imm5sity ( space 9 :i* ?is & all ! o!r worlds are susp5d$1 if we foll[ a progression ( ideas4 ,:5 we ?9k ( ! size or dim5sions (1 a room1 our ideas limit !mselves to ! walls1 & !re !y /op4 ,b :5 our eye1 or our imag9ation d>ts into space1 t is1 :5 x looks upw>d into :at we call ! op5 air1 we _c conceive any walls or b\nd>ies x c h2 & if = ! sake ( re/+ our ideas we suppose a b\nd>y1 ! "q imm$iately r5ews itself1 & asks1 :at is beyond t b\nd>y8 & 9 ! same mann]1 :at beyond ! next b\nd>y8 & s on till ! fatigu$ imag9ation returns & says1 !re is no end4 ,c]ta9ly1 !n1 ! ,creator 0 n p5t = room :5 he made ?is _w no l>g] ?an x is2 & we h to seek ! reason 9 some?+ else4 ,if we take a survey ( our own _w1 or r ( ?is1 ( :i* ! ,creator has giv5 u ! use z our portion 9 ! imm5se sy/em ( creation1 we f9d e "p ( x1 ! e>?1 ! wat]s1 & ! air t surr\nd x1 fill$1 & z x 7 cr[d$ ) life1 d[n f ! l>ge/ animals t we "k ( to ! smalle/ insects ! nak$ eye c behold1 & f !nce to o!rs /ill small]1 & totally invisible )\t ! assi/ance ( ! microscope4 ,e tree1 e plant1 e leaf1 s]ves n only z an habitation1 b z a _w to "s num]\s race1 till animal exi/5ce becomes s exce$+ly ref9$1 t ! effluvia ( a blade ( grass w\ld be food = ?\s&s4 ,s9ce !n no "p ( our e>? is left unoccupi$1 :y is x to be suppos$ t ! imm5sity ( space is a nak$ void1 ly+ 9 et]nal wa/e8 ,!re is room = millions ( worlds z l>ge or l>g] ?an ours1 & ea* ( !m millions ( miles ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,hav+ n[ arriv$ at ?is po9t1 if we c>ry our ideas only "o ?\ght fur!r1 we %all see1 p]haps1 ! true reason1 at lea/ a v good reason = our happ9ess1 :y ! ,creator1 in/ead ( mak+ "o imm5se _w1 ext5d+ ov] an imm5se quantity ( space1 has pref]r$ divid+ t quantity ( matt] into sev]al di/9ct & sep>ate worlds1 :i* we call planets1 ( :i* our e>? is "o4 ,b be=e ,i expla9 my ideas ^u ?is subject1 x is necess>y 7n = ! sake ( ^? t already "k1 b = ^? :o d n7 to %[ :at ! sy/em ( ! univ]se is4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,sy/em ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se4 ,t "p ( ! univ]se t is call$ ! sol> sy/em 7mean+ ! sy/em ( worlds to :i* our e>? belongs1 & ( :i* ,sol1 or 9 ,engli% language1 ! ,sun1 is ! c5t]7 consi/s1 besides ! ,sun1 ( six di/9ct orbs1 or planets1 or worlds1 besides ! second>y bodies1 call$ ! satellites1 or moons1 ( :i* our e>? has "o t att5ds h] 9 h] annual revolution r\nd ! ,sun1 9 l mann] z ! o!r satellites or moons1 att5d ! planets or worlds to :i* !y sev]ally belong1 z may be se5 by ! assi/ance ( ! telescope4 ,! ,sun is ! c5t] r\nd :i* ^? six worlds or planets revolve at diff]5t di/ances !refrom1 & 9 circles conc5tric to ea* o!r4 ,ea* _w keeps con/antly 9 ne>ly ! same tract r\nd ! ,sun1 & cont9ues at ! same "t turn+ r\nd itself1 9 ne>ly an upright position1 z a top turns r\nd itself :5 x is sp9n+ on ! gr\nd1 & leans a little sideways4 ,x is ?is lean+ ( ! e>? 7#bc #a_/b degrees7 t occasions summ] & w9t]1 & ! diff]5t l5g? ( days & nights4 ,if ! e>? turn$ r\nd itself 9 a position p]p5dicul> to ! plane or level ( ! circle x moves 9 r\nd ! ,sun1 z a top turns r\nd :5 x /&s erect on ! gr\nd1 ! days & nights w\ld be always ( ! same l5g?1 twelve h\rs day & twelve h\rs night1 & ! season w\ld be uni=mly ! same ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,e "t t a planet 7our e>? = example7 turns r\nd itself1 x makes :at we call day & night2 & e "t x goes entirely r\nd ! ,sun1 x makes :at we call a ye>1 consequ5tly our _w turns ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five times r\nd itself1 9 go+ once r\nd ! ,sun4 ,! names t ! anci5ts gave to ^? six worlds1 & :i* are /ill call$ by ! same names1 are ,m]cury1 ,v5us1 ?is _w t we call ours1 ,m>s1 ,jupit]1 & ,saturn4 ,!y appe> l>g] to ! eye ?an ! />s1 be+ _m million miles ne>] to our e>? ?an any ( ! />s are4 ,! planet ,v5us is t :i* is call$ ! ev5+ />1 & sometimes ! morn+ />1 z %e happ5s to set aft]1 or rise be=e ! ,sun1 :i* 9 ei!r case is nev] m ?an ?ree h\rs4 ,! ,sun z be=e said be+ ! c5t]1 ! planet or _w ne>e/ ! ,sun is ,m]cury2 8 di/ance f ! ,sun is ?irty-f\r million miles1 & he moves r\nd 9 a circle always at t di/ance f ! ,sun1 z a top may be suppos$ to sp9 r\nd 9 ! tract 9 :i* a horse goes 9 a mill4 ,! second _w is ,v5us2 %e is fifty-sev5 million miles di/ant f ! ,sun1 & consequ5tly moves r\nd 9 a circle mu* great] ?an t ( ,m]cury4 ,! ?ird _w is ?is t we inhabit1 & :i* is eighty-eight million miles di/ant f ! ,sun1 & consequ5tly moves r\nd 9 a circle great] ?an t ( ,v5us4 ,! f\r? _w is ,m>s2 he is di/ant f ! sun "o hundr$ & ?irty-f\r million miles1 & consequ5tly moves r\nd 9 a circle great] ?an t ( our e>?4 ,! fif? is ,jupit]2 he is di/ant f ! ,sun five hundr$ & fifty-sev5 million miles1 & consequ5tly moves r\nd 9 a circle great] ?an t ( ,m>s4 ,! six? _w is ,saturn2 he is di/ant f ! ,sun sev5 hundr$ & sixty-?ree million miles1 & consequ5tly moves r\nd 9 a circle t surr\nds ! circles or orbits ( all ! o!r worlds or planets4 ,! space1 !re=e1 9 ! air1 or 9 ! imm5sity ( space1 t our sol> sy/em takes up = ! sev]al worlds to p]=m _! revolutions 9 r\nd ! ,sun1 is ( ! ext5t 9 a /rait l9e ( ! :ole diamet] ( ! orbit or circle 9 :i* ,saturn moves r\nd ! ,sun1 :i* be+ d\ble 8 di/ance f ! ,sun1 is fifte5 hundr$ & tw5ty-six million miles2 & its circul> ext5t is ne>ly five ?\s& million2 & its globical cont5t is almo/ ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ million times ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ million squ>e miles4 ,,note by ,pa9e3 ,if x %\ld be ask$1 h[ c man "k ^! ?+s8 ,i h "o pla9 answ] to give1 :i* is1 t man kn[s h[ to calculate an eclipse1 & also h[ to calculate to a m9ute ( "t :5 ! planet ,v5us1 9 mak+ h] revolutions r\nd ! ,sun1 w come 9 a /rait l9e betwe5 our e>? & ! ,sun1 & w appe> to u ab\t ! size ( a l>ge pea pass+ across ! face ( ! ,sun4 ,?is happ5s b twice 9 ab\t a hundr$ ye>s1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t eight ye>s f ea* o!r1 & has happ5$ twice 9 our "t1 bo? ( :i* 7 =ekn[n by calculation4 ,x c also be kn[n :5 !y w happ5 aga9 = a ?\s& ye>s to come1 or to any o!r portion ( "t4 ,z !re=e1 man c\ld n be able to d ^! ?+s if he did n und]/& ! sol> sy/em1 & ! mann] 9 :i* ! revolutions ( ! sev]al planets or worlds are p]=m$1 ! fact ( calculat+ an eclipse1 or a transit ( ,v5us1 is a pro( 9 po9t t ! k exi/s2 & z to a few ?\s&1 or ev5 a few million miles1 m or less1 x makes sc>cely any s5sible diff]5ce 9 su* imm5se di/ances4--,au?or4 ,b ?is1 imm5se z x is1 is only "o sy/em ( worlds4 ,beyond ?is1 at a va/ di/ance into space1 f> beyond all p[] ( calculation1 are ! />s call$ ! fix$ />s4 ,!y are call$ fix$1 because !y h no revolution>y motion1 z ! six worlds or planets h t ,i h be5 describ+4 ,^? fix$ />s cont9ue always at ! same di/ance f ea* o!r1 & always 9 ! same place1 z ! ,sun does 9 ! c5t] ( our sy/em4 ,! probability1 !re=e1 is t ea* ( ^? fix$ />s is also a ,sun1 r\nd :i* ano!r sy/em ( worlds or planets1 ?\gh too remote = u to discov]1 p]=ms its revolutions1 z our sy/em ( worlds does r\nd our c5tral ,sun4 ,by ?is easy progression ( ideas1 ! imm5sity ( space w appe> to u to be fill$ ) sy/ems ( worlds2 & t no "p ( space lies at wa/e1 any m ?an any "p ( our globe ( e>? & wat] is left unoccupi$4 ,hav+ ?us endeav\r$ to convey1 9 a famili> & easy mann]1 "s idea ( ! /ructure ( ! univ]se1 ,i return to expla9 :at ,i be=e allud$ to1 namely1 ! great b5efits aris+ to man 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,creator hav+ made a ,plurality ( worlds1 su* z our sy/em is1 consi/+ ( a c5tral ,sun & six worlds1 besides satellites1 9 pref]5ce to t ( creat+ "o _w only ( a va/ ext5t4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,advantages ,,( ,,! ,,exi/5ce ,,( ,,_m ,,worlds ,,9 ,,ea* ,,sol> ,,sy/em ,x is an idea ,i h nev] lo/ sight (1 t all our k ( sci5ce is d]iv$ f ! revolutions 7exhibit$ to our eye & f !nce to our und]/&+7 :i* ^? sev]al planets or worlds ( :i* our sy/em is compos$ make 9 _! circuit r\nd ! ,sun4 ,_h !n ! quantity ( matt] :i* ^! six worlds conta9 be5 bl5d$ into "o solit>y globe1 ! consequ5ce to u w\ld h be51 t ei!r no revolution>y motion w\ld h exi/$1 or n a suffici5cy ( x to give u ! ideas & ! k ( sci5ce we n[ h2 & x is f ! sci5ces t all ! me*anical arts t contribute s mu* to our e>?ly felicity & com=t are d]iv$4 ,z !re=e ! ,creator made no?+ 9 va91 s also mu/ x be believ$ t he organiz$ ! /ructure ( ! univ]se 9 ! mo/ advantage\s mann] = ! b5efit ( man2 & z we see1 & f exp]i5ce feel1 ! b5efits we d]ive f ! /ructure ( ! univ]se1 =m$ z x is1 :i* b5efits we %\ld n h _h ! opportunity ( enjoy+ if ! /ructure1 s f> z relates to our sy/em1 _h be5 a solit>y globe1 we c discov] at lea/ "o reason :y a plurality ( worlds has be5 made1 & t reason calls =? ! devotional gratitude ( man1 z well z 8 admiration4 ,b x is n to u1 ! inhabitants ( ?is globe1 only1 t ! b5efits aris+ f a plurality ( worlds are limit$4 ,! inhabitants ( ea* ( ! worlds ( :i* our sy/em is compos$1 enjoy ! same opportunities ( k z we d4 ,!y behold ! revolution>y motions ( our e>?1 z we behold !irs4 ,all ! planets revolve 9 sight ( ea* o!r2 &1 !re=e1 ! same univ]sal s*ool ( sci5ce pres5ts itself to all4 ,nei!r does ! k /op "h4 ,! sy/em ( worlds next to u exhibits1 9 its revolutions1 ! same pr9ciples & s*ool ( sci5ce1 to ! inhabitants ( _! sy/em1 z our sy/em does to u1 & 9 l mann] ?r\gh\t ! imm5sity ( space4 ,our ideas1 n only ( ! almight9ess ( ! ,creator1 b ( 8 wisdom & 8 b5efic5ce1 become enl>g$ 9 proportion z we contemplate ! ext5t & ! /ructure ( ! univ]se4 ,! solit>y idea ( a solit>y _w1 roll+ or at re/ 9 ! imm5se ocean ( space1 gives place to ! *e]ful idea ( a society ( worlds1 s happily contriv$ z to adm9i/]1 ev5 by _! motion1 in/ruction to man4 ,we see our own e>? fill$ ) abundance2 b we =get to consid] h[ mu* ( t abundance is ow+ to ! sci5tific k ! va/ ma*9]y ( ! univ]se has unfold$4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,application ,,( ,,! ,,prec$+ ,,to ,,! ,,sy/em ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ians ,b1 9 ! mid/ ( ^? reflections1 :at are we to ?9k ( ! *ri/ian sy/em ( fai? t =ms itself ^u ! idea ( only "o _w1 & t ( no great] ext5t1 z is be=e %[n1 ?an tw5ty-five ?\s& miles4 ,an ext5t :i* a man1 walk+ at ! rate ( ?ree miles an h\r = twelve h\rs 9 ! day1 c\ld he keep on 9 a circul> direction1 w\ld walk entirely r\nd 9 less ?an two ye>s4 ,alas6 :at is ?is to ! mighty ocean ( space1 & ! almighty p[] ( ! ,creator6 ,f :5ce !n c\ld arise ! solit>y & /range conceit t ! ,almighty1 :o _h millions ( worlds equally dep5d5t on 8 protection1 %\ld quit ! c>e ( all ! re/1 & come to die 9 our _w1 because1 !y say1 "o man & "o woman _h eat5 an apple6 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 are we to suppose t e _w 9 ! b\ndless creation _h an ,eve1 an apple1 a s]p5t1 & a r$eem]8 ,9 ?is case1 ! p]son :o is irrev]5tly call$ ! ,son ( ,god1 & sometimes ,god himself1 w\ld h no?+ else to d ?an to travel f _w to _w1 9 an endless succession ( dea?1 ) sc>cely a mom5t>y int]val ( life4 ,x has be5 by reject+ ! evid5ce1 t ! ^w1 or works ( ,god 9 ! creation1 af=ds to our s5ses1 & ! action ( our reason ^u t evid5ce1 t s _m wild & :imsical sy/ems ( fai?1 & ( religion1 h be5 fabricat$ & set up4 ,!re may be _m sy/ems ( religion t s f> f be+ morally bad are 9 _m respects morally good3 b !re c be b ,,"o t is true2 & t "o necess>ily mu/1 z x ev] w1 be 9 all ?+s consi/5t ) ! ev] exi/+ ^w ( ,god t we behold 9 8 works4 ,b su* is ! /range con/ruction ( ! *ri/ian sy/em ( fai?1 t e evid5ce ! heav5s af=ds to man1 ei!r directly contradicts x or r5d]s x absurd4 ,x is possible to believe1 & ,i always feel pleasure 9 enc\rag+ myself to believe x1 t !re h be5 m5 9 ! _w :o p]suad$ !mselves t :at is call$ a pi\s fraud1 might1 at lea/ "u p>ticul> circum/ances1 be productive ( "s good4 ,b ! fraud be+ once e/abli%$1 c\ld n aft]w>ds be expla9$2 = x is ) a pi\s fraud z ) a bad action1 x begets a calamit\s necessity ( go+ on4 ,! p]sons :o fir/ prea*$ ! *ri/ian sy/em ( fai?1 & 9 "s measure comb9$ ) x ! morality prea*$ by ,jesus ,*ri/1 might p]suade !mselves t x 0 bett] ?an ! hea!n my?ology t !n prevail$4 ,f ! fir/ prea*]s ! fraud w5t on to ! second1 & to ! ?ird1 till ! idea ( its be+ a pi\s fraud became lo/ 9 ! belief ( its be+ true2 & t belief became aga9 enc\rag$ by ! int]e/ ( ^? :o made a livelihood by prea*+ x4 ,b ?\gh su* a belief might1 by su* means1 be r5d]$ almo/ g5]al among ! laity1 x is next to impossible to acc\nt = ! cont9ual p]secution c>ri$ on by ! *ur*1 = sev]al hundr$ ye>s1 aga9/ ! sci5ces1 & aga9/ ! pr(essors ( sci5ce1 if ! *ur* _h n "s record or tradition t x 0 orig9ally no o!r ?an a pi\s fraud1 or did n =esee t x c\ld n be ma9ta9$ aga9/ ! evid5ce t ! /ructure ( ! univ]se af=d$4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,( ,,! ,,means ,,employ$ ,,9 ,,all ,,"t1 ,,& ,,almo/ ,,univ]sally1 ,,to ,,deceive ,,! ,,peoples ,hav+ ?us %[n ! irreconcileable inconsi/5cies betwe5 ! real ^w ( ,god exi/+ 9 ! univ]se1 & t :i* is call$ ! ^w ( ,god1 z %[n to u 9 a pr9t$ book t any man might make1 ,i proce$ to speak ( ! ?ree pr9cipal means t h be5 employ$ 9 all ages1 & p]haps 9 all c\ntries1 to impose ^u mank9d4 ,^? ?ree means are ,my/]y1 ,miracle1 & ,prophecy1 ,! fir/ two are incompatible ) true religion1 & ! ?ird ought always to be suspect$4 ,) respect to ,my/]y1 ev]y?+ we behold is1 9 "o s5se1 a my/]y to u4 ,our own exi/5ce is a my/]y3 ! :ole vegetable _w is a my/]y4 ,we _c acc\nt h[ x is t an acorn1 :5 put into ! gr\nd1 is made to develop itself & become an oak4 ,we "k n h[ x is t ! se$ we s[ unfolds & multiplies itself1 & returns to u su* an abundant int]e/ = s small a capital4 ,! fact h[ev]1 z di/9ct f ! op]at+ cause1 is n a my/]y1 because we see x2 & we "k also ! means we are to use1 :i* is no o!r ?an putt+ ! se$ 9 ! gr\nd4 ,we "k1 !re=e1 z mu* z is necess>y = u to "k2 & t "p ( ! op]ation t we d n "k1 & :i* if we did1 we c\ld n p]=m1 ! ,creator takes ^u himself & p]=ms x = u4 ,we are1 !re=e1 bett] (f ?an if we _h be5 let into ! secret1 & left to d x = ourselves4 ,b ?\gh e creat$ ?+ is1 9 ?is s5se1 a my/]y1 ! ^w my/]y _c be appli$ to moral tru?1 any m ?an obscurity c be appli$ to light4 ,! ,god 9 :om we believe is a ,god ( moral tru?1 & n a ,god ( my/]y or obscurity4 ,my/]y is ! antagoni/ ( tru?4 ,x is a fog ( human inv5tion t obscures tru?1 & repres5ts x 9 di/ortion4 ,tru? nev] envelops itself 9 my/]y2 & ! my/]y 9 :i* x is at any "t envelop$1 is ! "w ( its antagoni/1 & nev] ( itself4 ,religion1 !re=e1 be+ ! belief ( a ,god1 & ! practice ( moral tru?1 _c h connection ) my/]y4 ,! belief ( a ,god1 s f> f hav+ any ?+ ( my/]y 9 x1 is ( all beliefs ! mo/ easy1 because x arises to u1 z is be=e obs]v$1 out ( necessity4 ,& ! practice ( moral tru?1 or1 9 o!r words1 a practical imitation ( ! moral goodness ( ,god1 is no o!r ?an our act+ t[>ds ea* o!r z he acts b5ignly t[>ds all4 ,we _c s]ve ,god 9 ! mann] we s]ve ^? :o _c d )\t su* s]vice2 &1 !re=e1 ! only idea we c h ( s]v+ ,god1 is t ( contribut+ to ! happ9ess ( ! liv+ creation t ,god has made4 ,?is _c be done by retir+ ourselves f ! society ( ! _w1 & sp5d+ a recluse life 9 selfi% devotion4 ,! v nature & design ( religion1 if ,i may s express x1 prove ev5 to demon/ration t x mu/ be free f e ?+ ( my/]y1 & un9cumb]$ ) e ?+ t is my/]i\s4 ,religion1 consid]$ z a duty1 is incumb5t ^u e liv+ s\l alike1 &1 !re=e1 mu/ be on a level to ! und]/&+ & compreh5sion ( all4 ,man does n le>n religion z he le>ns ! secrets & my/]ies ( a trade4 ,he le>ns ! !ory ( religion by reflection4 ,x arises out ( ! action ( 8 own m9d ^u ! ?+s :i* he sees1 or ^u :at he may happ5 to he> or to read1 & ! practice jo9s itself !reto4 ,:5 m51 :e!r f policy or pi\s fraud1 set up sy/ems ( religion incompatible ) ! ^w or works ( ,god 9 ! creation1 & n only above b repugnant to human compreh5sion1 !y 7 "u ! necessity ( inv5t+ or adopt+ a ^w t %\ld s]ve z a b> to all que/ions1 inquiries & speculations4 ,! ^w my/]y answ]$ ?is purpose1 & ?us x has happ5$ t religion1 :i* is 9 itself )\t my/]y1 has be5 corrupt$ into a fog ( my/]ies4 ,z my/]y answ]$ all g5]al purposes1 miracle foll[$ z an occasional auxili>y4 ,! =m] s]v$ to bewild] ! m9d1 ! latt] to puzzle ! s5ses4 ,! "o 0 ! l+o1 ! o!r ! leg]dema94 ,b be=e go+ fur!r into ?is subject1 x w be prop] to inquire :at is to be und]/ood by a miracle4 ,9 ! same s5se t e ?+ may be said to be a my/]y1 s also may x be said t e ?+ is a miracle1 & t no "o ?+ is a great] miracle ?an ano!r4 ,! elephant1 ?\gh l>g]1 is n a great] miracle ?an a mite3 nor a m\nta9 a great] miracle ?an an atom4 ,to an almighty p[] x is no m difficult to make ! "o ?an ! o!r1 & no m difficult to make a million ( worlds ?an to make "o4 ,e ?+1 !re=e1 is a miracle1 9 "o s5se2 :il/1 9 ! o!r s5se1 !re is no su* ?+ z a miracle4 ,x is a miracle :5 comp>$ to our p[]1 & to our compreh5sion4 ,x is n a miracle comp>$ to ! p[] t p]=ms x4 ,b z no?+ 9 ?is description conveys ! idea t is affix$ to ! ^w miracle1 x is necess>y to c>ry ! inquiry fur!r4 ,mank9d h conceiv$ to !mselves c]ta9 laws1 by :i* :at !y call nature is suppos$ to act2 & t a miracle is some?+ contr>y to ! op]ation & effect ( ^? laws4 ,b unless we "k ! :ole ext5t ( ^? laws1 & ( :at are commonly call$ ! p[]s ( nature1 we are n able to judge :e!r any ?+ t may appe> to u wond]ful or miracul\s1 be )91 or be beyond1 or be contr>y to1 h] natural p[] ( act+4 ,! asc5sion ( a man sev]al miles high into ! air1 w\ld h ev]y?+ 9 x t con/itutes ! idea ( a miracle1 if x 7 n kn[n t a species ( air c be g5]at$ sev]al times light] ?an ! common atmosph]ic air1 & yet possess ela/icity en\gh to prev5t ! balloon1 9 :i* t light air is inclos$1 f be+ compress$ into z _m times less bulk1 by ! common air t surr\nds x4 ,9 l mann]1 extract+ fla%es or sp>ks ( fire f ! human body1 z visibly z f a /eel /ruck ) a fl9t1 & caus+ iron or /eel to move )\t any visible ag5t1 w\ld also give ! idea ( a miracle1 if we 7 n acqua9t$ ) electricity & magnetism2 s also w\ld _m o!r exp]im5ts 9 natural philosophy1 to ^? :o are n acqua9t$ ) ! subject4 ,! re/or+ p]sons to life :o are to appe>ance dead z is practis$ ^u dr[n$ p]sons1 w\ld also be a miracle1 if x 7 n kn[n t animation is capable ( be+ susp5d$ )\t be+ ext9ct4 ,besides ^!1 !re are p]=mances by slight ( h&1 & by p]sons act+ 9 conc]t1 t h a miracul\s appe>ance1 :i*1 :5 kn[n1 are ?\ght no?+ (4 ,&1 besides ^!1 !re are me*anical & optical deceptions4 ,!re is n[ an exhibition 9 ,p>is ( gho/s or spectres1 :i*1 ?\gh x is n impos$ ^u ! spectators z a fact1 has an a/oni%+ appe>ance4 ,z1 !re=e1 we "k n ! ext5t to :i* ei!r nature or art c g1 !re is no crit]ion to det]m9e :at a miracle is2 & mank9d1 9 giv+ cr$it to appe>ances1 "u ! idea ( _! be+ miracles1 are subject to be cont9ually impos$ ^u4 ,s9ce !n appe>ances are s capable ( deceiv+1 & ?+s n real h a /rong resemblance to ?+s t are1 no?+ c be m inconsi/5t ?an to suppose t ! ,almighty w\ld make use ( means1 su* z are call$ miracles1 t w\ld subject ! p]son :o p]=m$ !m to ! suspicion ( be+ an impo/or1 & ! p]son :o relat$ !m to be suspect$ ( ly+1 & ! doctr9e int5d$ to be support$ !reby to be suspect$ z a fabul\s inv5tion4 ,( all ! modes ( evid5ce t ev] 7 inv5t$ to obta9 belief to any sy/em or op9ion to :i* ! "n ( religion has be5 giv51 t ( miracle1 h[ev] successful ! imposition may h be51 is ! mo/ inconsi/5t4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 :5ev] rec\rse is _h to %[1 = ! purpose ( procur+ t belief 7= a miracle1 "u any idea ( ! ^w1 is a %[7 x implies a lam5ess or weakness 9 ! doctr9e t is prea*$4 ,&1 9 ! second place1 x is degrad+ ! ,almighty into ! "* ( a %[-man1 play+ tricks to amuse & make ! p />e & wond]4 ,x is also ! mo/ equivocal sort ( evid5ce t c be set up2 = ! belief is n to dep5d ^u ! ?+ call$ a miracle1 b ^u ! cr$it ( ! report]1 :o says t he saw x2 &1 !re=e1 ! ?+1 7 x true1 w\ld h no bett] *ance ( be+ believ$ ?an if x 7 a lie4 ,suppose ,i 7 to say1 t :5 ,i sat d[n to write ?is book1 a h& pres5t$ itself 9 ! air1 took up ! p5 & wrote e ^w t is h]e9 writt52 w\ld any body believe me8 ,c]ta9ly !y w\ld n4 ,w\ld !y believe me a :it ! m if ! ?+ _h be5 a fact8 ,c]ta9ly !y w\ld n4 ,s9ce !n a real miracle1 7 x to happ51 w\ld be subject to ! same fate z ! falsehood1 ! inconsi/5cy becomes ! great] ( suppos+ ! ,almighty w\ld make use ( means t w\ld n answ] ! purpose = :i* !y 7 int5d$1 ev5 if !y 7 real4 ,if we are to suppose a miracle to be some?+ s entirely out ( ! c\rse ( :at is call$ nature1 t %e mu/ g out ( t c\rse to accompli% x1 & we see an acc\nt giv5 ( su* a miracle by ! p]son :o said he saw x1 x raises a "q 9 ! m9d v easily decid$1 :i* is1--,is x m probable t nature %\ld g out ( h] c\rse1 or t a man %\ld tell a lie8 ,we h nev] se51 9 our "t1 nature g out ( h] c\rse2 b we h good reason to believe t millions ( lies h be5 told 9 ! same "t2 x is1 !re=e1 at lea/ millions to "o1 t ! report] ( a miracle tells a lie4 ,! /ory ( ! :ale swall[+ ,jonah1 ?\gh a :ale is l>ge en\gh to d x1 bord]s greatly on ! m>vell\s2 b x w\ld h approa*$ ne>] to ! idea ( a miracle1 if ,jonah _h swall[$ ! :ale4 ,9 ?is1 :i* may s]ve = all cases ( miracles1 ! matt] w\ld decide itself z be=e /at$1 namely1 ,is x m probable t a man %\ld h1 swall[$ a :ale1 or told a lie8 ,b suppose t ,jonah _h really swall[$ ! :ale1 & gone ) x 9 8 belly to ,n9eveh1 & to conv9ce ! p t x 0 true h ca/ x up 9 _! sight1 ( ! full l5g? & size ( a :ale1 w\ld !y n h believ$ him to h be5 ! devil in/ead ( a prophet8 or if ! :ale _h c>ri$ ,jonah to ,n9eveh1 & ca/ him up 9 ! same public mann]1 w\ld !y n h believ$ ! :ale to h be5 ! devil1 & ,jonah "o ( 8 imps8 ,! mo/ extraord9>y ( all ! ?+s call$ miracles1 relat$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 is t ( ! devil fly+ away ) ,jesus ,*ri/1 & c>ry+ him to ! top ( a high m\nta92 & to ! top ( ! highe/ p9nacle ( ! temple1 & %[+ him & promis+ to him all ! k+doms ( ! _w4 ,h[ happ5$ x t he did n discov] ,am]ica8 or is x only ) k+doms t 8 sooty highness has any int]e/4 ,i h too mu* respect = ! moral "* ( ,*ri/ to believe t he told ?is :ale ( a miracle himself3 nei!r is x easy to acc\nt = :at purpose x c\ld h be5 fabricat$1 unless x 7 to impose ^u ! connoisseurs ( miracles1 z is sometimes practis$ ^u ! connoisseurs ( ,que5 ,anne's f>?+s1 & collectors ( relics & antiquities2 or to r5d] ! belief ( miracles ridicul\s1 by outdo+ miracle1 z ,don ,quixote outdid *ivalry2 or to emb>rass ! belief ( miracles1 by mak+ x d\btful by :at p[]1 :e!r ( ,god or ( ! devil1 any ?+ call$ a miracle 0 p]=m$4 ,x requires1 h[ev]1 a great deal ( fai? 9 ! devil to believe ?is miracle4 ,9 e po9t ( view 9 :i* ^? ?+s call$ miracles c be plac$ & consid]$1 ! reality ( !m is improbable1 & _! exi/5ce unnecess>y4 ,!y w\ld n1 z be=e obs]v$1 answ] any useful purpose1 ev5 if !y 7 true2 = x is m difficult to obta9 belief to a miracle1 ?an to a pr9ciple evid5tly moral1 )\t any miracle4 ,moral pr9ciple speaks univ]sally = itself4 ,miracle c\ld be b a ?+ ( ! mom5t1 & se5 b by a few2 aft] ?is x requires a transf] ( fai? f ,god to man to believe a miracle ^u man's report4 ,in/ead1 !re=e1 ( admitt+ ! recitals ( miracles z evid5ce ( any sy/em ( religion be+ true1 !y ought to be consid]$ z symptoms ( its be+ fabul\s4 ,x is necess>y to ! full & upright "* ( tru? t x rejects ! crut*2 & x is consi/5t ) ! "* ( fable to seek ! aid t tru? rejects4 ,?us mu* = ,my/]y & ,miracle4 ,z ,my/]y & ,miracle took *>ge ( ! pa/ & ! pres5t1 ,prophecy took *>ge ( ! future1 & r\nd$ ! t5ses ( fai?4 ,x 0 n suffici5t to "k :at _h be5 done1 b :at w\ld be done4 ,! suppos$ prophet 0 ! suppos$ hi/orian ( times to come2 & if he happ5$1 9 %oot+ ) a long b[ ( a ?\s& ye>s1 to /rike )9 a ?\s& miles ( a m>k1 ! +5uity ( po/]ity c\ld make x po9t-blank2 & if he happ5$ to be directly wrong1 x 0 only to suppose1 z 9 ! case ( ,jonah & ,n9eveh1 t ,god _h rep5t$ himself & *ang$ 8 m9d4 ,:at a fool d fabul\s sy/ems make ( man6 ,x has be5 %ewn1 9 a =m] "p ( ?is "w1 t ! orig9al mean+ ( ! words prophet & prophesy+ has be5 *ang$1 & t a prophet1 9 ! s5se ( ! ^w z n[ us$1 is a creature ( mod]n inv5tion2 & x is ow+ to ?is *ange 9 ! mean+ ( ! words1 t ! flights & metaphors ( ! ,jewi% poets1 & phrases & expressions n[ r5d]$ obscure by our n be+ acqua9t$ ) ! local circum/ances to :i* !y appli$ at ! "t !y 7 us$1 h be5 erect$ into prophecies1 & made to b5d to explanations at ! w & :imsical conceits ( sect>ies1 exp\nd]s1 & comm5tators4 ,e ?+ un9telligible 0 prophetical1 & e ?+ insignificant 0 typical4 ,a blund] w\ld h s]v$ = a prophecy2 & a di%-cl\t = a type4 ,if by a prophet we are to suppose a man to :om ! ,almighty communicat$ "s ev5t t w\ld take place 9 future1 ei!r !re 7 su* m51 or !re 7 n4 ,if !re 71 x is consi/5t to believe t ! ev5t s communicat$ w\ld be told 9 t]ms t c\ld be und]/ood1 & n relat$ 9 su* a loose & obscure mann] z to be out ( ! compreh5sion ( ^? t he>d x1 & s equivocal z to fit almo/ any circum/ance t might happ5 aft]w>ds4 ,x is conceiv+ v irrev]5tly ( ! ,almighty1 to suppose he w\ld deal 9 ?is je/+ mann] ) mank9d2 yet all ! ?+s call$ prophecies 9 ! book call$ ! ,bible come "u ?is description4 ,b x is ) ,prophecy z x is ) ,miracle4 ,x c\ld n answ] ! purpose ev5 if x 7 real4 ,^? to :om a prophecy %\ld be told c\ld n tell :e!r ! man prophesi$ or li$1 or :e!r x _h be5 reveal$ to him1 or :e!r he conceit$ x2 & if ! ?+ t he prophesi$1 or pret5d$ to prophesy1 %\ld happ51 or "s ?+ l x1 among ! multitude ( ?+s t are daily happ5+1 nobody c\ld aga9 "k :e!r he =eknew x1 or guess$ at x1 or :e!r x 0 accid5tal4 ,a prophet1 !re=e1 is a "* useless & unnecess>y2 & ! safe side ( ! case is to gu>d aga9/ be+ impos$ ^u1 by n giv+ cr$it to su* relations4 ,^u ! :ole1 ,my/]y1 ,miracle1 & ,prophecy1 are app5dages t belong to fabul\s & n to true religion4 ,!y are ! means by :i* s _m ,lo h]es6 & ,lo !res6 h be5 spread ab\t ! _w1 & religion be5 made into a trade4 ,! success ( "o impo/or gave enc\ragem5t to ano!r1 & ! quiet+ salvo ( do+ "s good by keep+ up a pi\s fraud protect$ !m f remorse4 ,,recapitulation ,hav+ n[ ext5d$ ! subject to a great] l5g? ?an ,i fir/ int5d$1 ,i %all br+ x to a close by ab/ract+ a summ>y f ! :ole4 ,fir/1 ,t ! idea or belief ( a ^w ( ,god exi/+ 9 pr9t1 or 9 writ+1 or 9 spee*1 is inconsi/5t 9 itself = ! reasons already assign$4 ,^! reasons1 among _m o!rs1 are ! want ( an univ]sal language2 ! mutability ( language2 ! errors to :i* translations are subject1 ! possibility ( totally suppress+ su* a ^w2 ! probability ( alt]+ x1 or ( fabricat+ ! :ole1 & impos+ x ^u ! _w4 ,secondly1 ,t ! ,creation we behold is ! real & ev] exi/+ ^w ( ,god1 9 :i* we _c be deceiv$4 ,x proclaime? 8 p[]1 x demon/rates 8 wisdom1 x manife/s 8 goodness & b5efic5ce4 ,?irdly1 ,t ! moral duty ( man consi/s 9 imitat+ ! moral goodness & b5efic5ce ( ,god manife/$ 9 ! creation t[>ds all 8 creatures4 ,t see+ z we daily d ! goodness ( ,god to all m51 x is an example call+ ^u all m5 to practise ! same t[>ds ea* o!r2 &1 consequ5tly1 t e ?+ ( p]secution & rev5ge betwe5 man & man1 & e ?+ ( cruelty to animals1 is a violation ( moral duty4 ,i tr\ble n myself ab\t ! mann] ( future exi/5ce4 ,i cont5t myself ) believ+1 ev5 to positive conviction1 t ! p[] t gave me exi/5ce is able to cont9ue x1 9 any =m & mann] he pleases1 ei!r ) or )\t ?is body2 & x appe>s m probable to me t ,i %all cont9ue to exi/ h]eaft] ?an t ,i %\ld h _h exi/5ce1 z ,i n[ h1 be=e t exi/5ce began4 ,x is c]ta9 t1 9 "o po9t1 all nations ( ! e>? & all religions agree4 ,all believe 9 a ,god4 ,! ?+s 9 :i* !y disgrace are ! r$undancies annex$ to t belief2 & !re=e1 if ev] an univ]sal religion %\ld prevail1 x w n be believ+ any ?+ new1 b 9 gett+ rid ( r$undancies1 & believ+ z man believ$ at fir/4 8,9 ! *ildhood ( ! _w10 accord+ to ! fir/ 7,fr5*7 v]sion2 & ! /rict translation ( ! f9al s5t5ce is3 8,deism 0 ! religion ( ,adam1 suppos+ him n an imag9>y be+2 b none ! less mu/ x be left to all m5 to foll[1 z is _! "r1 ! religion & wor%ip !y pref]40--,editor4 ,adam1 if ev] !re 0 su* a man1 0 creat$ a ,dei/2 b 9 ! mean "t1 let e man foll[1 z he has a "r to d1 ! religion & wor%ip he pref]s4 ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,reason - ,,"p ,,ii ,,preface ,i h m5tion$ 9 ! =m] "p ( ,! ,age ( ,reason t x _h long be5 my int5tion to publi% my ?\ghts ^u ,religion2 b t ,i _h orig9ally res]v$ x to a lat] p]iod 9 life1 int5d+ x to be ! la/ "w ,i %\ld und]take4 ,! circum/ances1 h[ev]1 :i* exi/$ 9 ,france 9 ! latt] end ( ! ye> #agic1 det]m9$ me to delay x no long]4 ,! j & humane pr9ciples ( ! ,revolution :i* ,philosophy _h fir/ diffus$1 _h be5 dep>t$ f4 ,! ,idea1 always dang]\s to ,society z x is d]ogatory to ! ,almighty1--t prie/s c\ld =give s9s1--?\gh x seem$ to exi/ no long]1 _h blunt$ ! feel+s ( humanity1 & call\sly prep>$ m5 = ! commission ( all crimes4 ,! intol]ant _s ( *ur* p]secution _h transf]r$ itself into politics2 ! tribunals1 /il$ ,revolution>y1 suppli$ ! place ( an ,inquisition2 & ! ,guillot9e ( ! ,/ake4 ,i saw _m ( my mo/ intimate fri5ds de/roy$2 o!rs daily c>ri$ to prison2 & ,i _h reason to believe1 & _h also intimations giv5 me1 t ! same dang] 0 approa*+ myself4 ,"u ^! disadvantages1 ,i began ! =m] "p ( ! ,age ( ,reason2 ,i _h1 besides1 nei!r ,bible nor ,te/am5t ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ?r\gh\t ?is "w ,pa9e g5]ally means by 8,bible0 only ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & speaks ( ! ,new z ! 8,te/am5t40--,editor4 to ref] to1 ?\gh ,i 0 writ+ aga9/ bo?2 nor c\ld ,i procure any2 not)/&+ :i* ,i h produc$ a "w t no ,bible ,believ]1 ?\gh writ+ at 8 ease & ) a ,libr>y ( ,*ur* ,books ab\t him1 c refute4 ,t[>ds ! latt] end ( ,decemb] ( t ye>1 a motion 0 made & c>ri$1 to exclude =eign]s f ! ,conv5tion4 ,!re 7 b two1 ,ana*>sis ,cloots & myself2 & ,i saw ,i 0 p>ticul>ly po9t$ at by ,b\rdon de l',oise1 9 8 spee* on t motion4 ,conceiv+1 aft] ?is1 t ,i _h b a few days ( lib]ty1 ,i sat d[n & br\ght ! "w to a close z spe$ily z possible2 & ,i _h n f9i%$ x m ?an six h\rs1 9 ! /ate x has s9ce appe>$1 ,?is is an allusion to ! essay :i* ,pa9e wrote at an e>li] "p ( #agic4 ,see ,introduction4--,editor4 be=e a gu>d came !re1 ab\t ?ree 9 ! morn+1 ) an ord] sign$ by ! two ,committees ( ,public ,safety & ,surety ,g5]al1 = putt+ me 9 arre/ation z a =eign]1 & convey+ me to ! prison ( ! ,luxemb\rg4 ,i contriv$1 9 my way !re1 to call on ,joel ,b>l[1 & ,i put ! ,manuscript ( ! "w into 8 h&s1 z m safe ?an 9 my possession 9 prison2 & n kn[+ :at might be ! fate 9 ,france ei!r ( ! writ] or ! "w1 ,i address$ x to ! protection ( ! citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is ju/ice t ,i say1 t ! gu>d :o execut$ ?is ord]1 & ! int]pret] to ! ,committee ( ,g5]al ,surety1 :o accompani$ !m to exam9e my pap]s1 treat$ me n only ) civility1 b ) respect4 ,! keep] ( ! #8,luxemb\rg1 ,b5oit1 a man ( good he>t1 %ew$ to me e fri5d%ip 9 8 p[]1 z did also all 8 family1 :ile he cont9u$ 9 t /ation4 ,he 0 remov$ f x1 put into arre/ation1 & c>ri$ be=e ! tribunal ^u a malignant accusation1 b acquitt$4 ,aft] ,i _h be5 9 ,luxemb\rg ab\t ?ree weeks1 ! ,am]icans !n 9 ,p>is w5t 9 a body to ! ,conv5tion to reclaim me z _! c\ntryman & fri5d2 b 7 answ]$ by ! ,presid5t1 ,vadi]1 :o 0 also ,presid5t ( ! ,committee ( ,surety ,g5]al1 & _h sign$ ! ord] = my arre/ation1 t ,i 0 born 9 ,engl&4 ,^! excit$ ,am]icans d n seem to h und]/ood or report$ ! mo/ important item 9 ,vade]'s reply1 namely t _! application 0 8un(ficial10 i4e4 n made ?r\gh or sanction$ by ,g\v]neur ,morris1 ,am]ican ,m9i/]4 ,= ! detail$ hi/ory ( all ?is see vol4 iii4--,editor4 ,i he>d no m1 aft] ?is1 f any p]son out ( ! walls ( ! prison1 till ! fall ( ,robespi]re1 on ! #i? ( ,!rmidor--,july #bg1 #agid4 ,ab\t two mon?s be=e ?is ev5t1 ,i 0 seiz$ ) a fev] t 9 its progress _h e symptom ( becom+ mortal1 & f ! effects ( :i* ,i am n recov]$4 ,x 0 !n t ,i rememb]$ ) r5ew$ satisfaction1 & congratulat$ myself mo/ s9c]ely1 on hav+ writt5 ! =m] "p ( ,! ,age ( ,reason4 ,i _h !n b little expectation ( surviv+1 & ^? ab\t me _h less4 ,i "k !re=e by exp]i5ce ! consci5ti\s trial ( my own pr9ciples4 ,i 0 !n ) ?ree *amb] comrades3 ,joseph ,vanheule ( ,bruges1 ,*>les ,ba/fni1 & ,mi*ael ,robyns ( ,l\va94 ,! unceas+ & anxi\s att5tion ( ^! ?ree fri5ds to me1 by night & day1 ,i rememb] ) gratitude & m5tion ) pleasure4 ,x happ5$ t a physician 7,dr4 ,graham7 & a surgeon1 7,mr4 ,bond17 "p ( ! suite ( ,g5]al ,o',h>a1 ,! (fic] :o at ,yorkt[n1 ,virg9ia1 c>ri$ out ! sword ( ,cornwallis = surr5d]1 & satirically (f]$ x to ,ro*ambeau in/ead ( ,wa%+ton4 ,pa9e loan$ him #cjj p\nds :5 he 7,o',h>a7 left ! prison1 ! money he _h conceal$ 9 ! lock ( 8 cell-door4--,editor4 7 !n 9 ! ,luxemb\rg3 ,i ask n myself :e!r x be conv5i5t to !m1 z m5 "u ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t1 t ,i express to !m my ?anks2 b ,i %\ld reproa* myself if ,i did n2 & also to ! physician ( ! ,luxemb\rg1 ,dr4 ,m>koski4 ,i h "s reason to believe1 because ,i _c discov] any o!r1 t ?is illness pres]v$ me 9 exi/5ce4 ,among ! pap]s ( ,robespi]re t 7 exam9$ & report$ ^u to ! ,conv5tion by a ,committee ( ,deputies1 is a note 9 ! h& writ+ ( ,robespi]re1 9 ! foll[+ words3 8,dem&] que ,?omas ,pa9e soit decrete d'accusation1 p\r l'int]et de l',am]ique autant que de la ,france40 ,dem& t ,?omas ,pa9e be decre$ ( accusation1 = ! int]e/ ( ,am]ica1 z well z ( ,france4 ,f :at cause x 0 t ! int5tion 0 n put 9 execution1 ,i "k n1 & _c in=m myself2 & !re=e ,i ascribe x to impossibility1 on acc\nt ( t illness4 ,! ,conv5tion1 to repair z mu* z lay 9 _! p[] ! inju/ice ,i _h su/a9$1 invit$ me publickly & unanim\sly to return into ! ,conv5tion1 & :i* ,i accept$1 to %ew ,i c\ld be> an injury )\t p]mitt+ x to injure my pr9ciples or my disposition4 ,x is n because "r pr9ciples h be5 violat$1 t !y are to be ab&on$4 ,i h se51 s9ce ,i h be5 at lib]ty1 sev]al publications writt51 "s 9 ,am]ica1 & "s 9 ,engl&1 z answ]s to ! =m] "p ( 8,! ,age ( ,reason40 ,if ! au?ors ( ^! c amuse !mselves by s do+1 ,i %all n int]rupt !m1 ,!y may write aga9/ ! "w1 & aga9/ me1 z mu* z !y please2 !y d me m s]vice ?an !y int5d1 & ,i c h no objection t !y write on4 ,!y w f9d1 h[ev]1 by ?is ,second ,"p1 )\t its be+ writt5 z an answ] to !m1 t !y mu/ return to _! "w1 & sp9 _! cobweb ov] aga94 ,! fir/ is bru%$ away by accid5t4 ,!y w n[ f9d t ,i h furni%$ myself ) a ,bible & ,te/am5t2 & ,i c say also t ,i h f\nd !m to be mu* worse books ?an ,i _h conceiv$4 ,if ,i h err$ 9 any ?+1 9 ! =m] "p ( ! ,age ( ,reason1 x has be5 by speak+ bett] ( "s p>ts ?an !y des]v$4 ,i obs]ve1 t all my oppon5ts resort1 m or less1 to :at !y call ,scripture ,evid5ce & ,bible au?ority1 to help !m out4 ,!y are s little ma/]s ( ! subject1 z to conf\nd a dispute ab\t au!nticity ) a dispute ab\t doctr9es2 ,i w1 h[ev]1 put !m "r1 t if !y %\ld be dispos$ to write any m1 !y may "k h[ to beg94 ,,?omas ,,pa9e4 ,octob]1 #agie4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,x has (t5 be5 said t any ?+ may be prov$ f ! ,bible2 b be=e any ?+ c be admitt$ z prov$ by ,bible1 ! ,bible itself mu/ be prov$ to be true2 = if ! ,bible be n true1 or ! tru? ( x be d\btful1 x ceases to h au?ority1 & _c be admitt$ z pro( ( any ?+4 ,x has be5 ! practice ( all ,*ri/ian comm5tators on ! ,bible1 & ( all ,*ri/ian prie/s & prea*]s1 to impose ! ,bible on ! _w z a mass ( tru?1 & z ! ^w ( ,god2 !y h disput$ & wrangl$1 & h ana!matiz$ ea* o!r ab\t ! supposeable mean+ ( p>ticul> p>ts & passages !re92 "o has said & insi/$ t su* a passage meant su* a ?+1 ano!r t x meant directly ! contr>y1 & a ?ird1 t x meant nei!r "o nor ! o!r1 b some?+ diff]5t f bo?2 & ?is !y h call$ und]/&+ ! ,bible4 ,x has happ5$1 t all ! answ]s t ,i h se5 to ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason' h be5 writt5 by prie/s3 & ^! pi\s m51 l _! pr$ecessors1 cont5d & wrangle1 & und]/& ! ,bible2 ea* und]/&s x diff]5tly1 b ea* und]/&s x be/2 & !y h agre$ 9 no?+ b 9 tell+ _! read]s t ,?omas ,pa9e und]/&s x n4 ,n[ in/ead ( wa/+ _! "t1 & heat+ !mselves 9 fracti\s disputations ab\t doctr9al po9ts drawn f ! ,bible1 ^! m5 ought to "k1 & if !y d n x is civility to in=m !m1 t ! fir/ ?+ to be und]/ood is1 :e!r !re is suffici5t au?ority = believ+ ! ,bible to be ! ^w ( ,god1 or :e!r !re is n8 ,!re are matt]s 9 t book1 said to be done by ! express comm& ( ,god1 t are z %ock+ to humanity1 & to e idea we h ( moral ju/ice1 z any ?+ done by ,robespi]re1 by ,c>ri]1 by ,joseph le ,bon1 9 ,france1 by ! ,engli% gov]nm5t 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 or by any o!r assass9 9 mod]n times4 ,:5 we read 9 ! books ascrib$ to ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 etc41 t !y 7! ,israelites7 came by /eal? ^u :ole nations ( p1 :o1 z ! hi/ory itself %ews1 _h giv5 !m no (f5ce2 t !y put all ^? nations to ! sword2 t !y sp>$ nei!r age nor infancy2 t !y utt]ly de/roy$ m51 wom5 & *ildr52 t !y left n a s\l to brea!2 expressions t are repeat$ ov] & ov] aga9 9 ^? books1 & t too ) exult+ f]ocity2 are we sure ^! ?+s are facts8 are we sure t ! ,creator ( man commission$ ^? ?+s to be done8 ,are we sure t ! books t tell u s 7 writt5 by 8 au?ority8 ,x is n ! antiquity ( a tale t is an evid5ce ( its tru?2 on ! contr>y1 x is a symptom ( its be+ fabul\s2 = ! m anci5t any hi/ory pret5ds to be1 ! m x has ! resemblance ( a fable4 ,! orig9 ( e nation is buri$ 9 fabul\s tradition1 & t ( ! ,jews is z mu* to be suspect$ z any o!r4 ,to *>ge ! commission ( ?+s ^u ! ,almighty1 :i* 9 _! own nature1 & by e rule ( moral ju/ice1 are crimes1 z all assass9ation is1 & m especially ! assass9ation ( infants1 is matt] ( s]i\s conc]n4 ,! ,bible tells u1 t ^? assass9ations 7 done by ! express comm& ( ,god4 ,to believe !re=e ! ,bible to be true1 we mu/ unbelieve all our belief 9 ! moral ju/ice ( ,god2 = :]e9 c\ld cry+ or smil+ infants (f5d8 ,& to read ! ,bible )\t horror1 we mu/ undo e ?+ t is t5d]1 sympa?is+1 & b5evol5t 9 ! he>t ( man4 ,speak+ = myself1 if ,i _h no o!r evid5ce t ! ,bible is fabul\s1 ?an ! sacrifice ,i mu/ make to believe x to be true1 t alone w\ld be suffici5t to det]m9e my *oice4 ,b 9 addition to all ! moral evid5ce aga9/ ! ,bible1 ,i w1 9 ! progress ( ?is "w1 produce su* o!r evid5ce z ev5 a prie/ _c d5y2 & %[1 f t evid5ce1 t ! ,bible is n entitl$ to cr$it1 z be+ ! ^w ( ,god4 ,b1 be=e ,i proce$ to ?is exam9ation1 ,i w %[ :]e9 ! ,bible diff]s f all o!r anci5t writ+s ) respect to ! nature ( ! evid5ce necess>y to e/abli% its au!nticity2 & ?is is ! m prop] to be done1 because ! advocates ( ! ,bible1 9 _! answ]s to ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason1' und]take to say1 & !y put "s /ress !reon1 t ! au!nticity ( ! ,bible is z well e/abli%$ z t ( any o!r anci5t book3 z if our belief ( ! "o c\ld become any rule = our belief ( ! o!r4 ,i "k1 h[ev]1 b ( "o anci5t book t au?oritatively *all5ges univ]sal cons5t & belief1 & t is ,euclid's ,elem5ts ( ,geometry2 ,euclid1 accord+ to *ronological hi/ory1 liv$ ?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 & ab\t "o hundr$ be=e ,ar*im$es2 he 0 ( ! city ( ,alex&ria1 9 ,egypt4--,au?or4 & ! reason is1 because x is a book ( self-evid5t demon/ration1 entirely indep5d5t ( its au?or1 & ( e ?+ relat+ to "t1 place1 & circum/ance4 ,! matt]s conta9$ 9 t book w\ld h ! same au?ority !y n[ h1 _h !y be5 writt5 by any o!r p]son1 or _h ! "w be5 anonym\s1 or _h ! au?or nev] be5 kn[n2 = ! id5tical c]ta9ty ( :o 0 ! au?or makes no "p ( our belief ( ! matt]s conta9$ 9 ! book4 ,b x is q o!rwise ) respect to ! books ascrib$ to ,moses1 to ,jo%ua1 to ,samuel1 etc43 ^? are books ( te/imony1 & !y te/ify ( ?+s naturally incr$ible2 & !re=e ! :ole ( our belief1 z to ! au!nticity ( ^? books1 re/s1 9 ! fir/ place1 ^u ! c]ta9ty t !y 7 writt5 by ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 & ,samuel2 secondly1 ^u ! cr$it we give to _! te/imony4 ,we may believe ! fir/1 t is1 may believe ! c]ta9ty ( ! au?or%ip1 & yet n ! te/imony2 9 ! same mann] t we may believe t a c]ta9 p]son gave evid5ce ^u a case1 & yet n believe ! evid5ce t he gave4 ,b if x %\ld be f\nd t ! books ascrib$ to ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 & ,samuel1 7 n writt5 by ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 & ,samuel1 e "p ( ! au?ority & au!nticity ( ^? books is gone at once2 = !re c be no su* ?+ z =g$ or inv5t$ te/imony2 nei!r c !re be anonym\s te/imony1 m especially z to ?+s naturally incr$ible2 su* z t ( talk+ ) ,god face to face1 or t ( ! sun & moon /&+ /ill at ! comm& ( a man4 ,! greate/ "p ( ! o!r anci5t books are works ( g5ius2 ( :i* k9d are ^? ascrib$ to ,hom]1 to ,plato1 to ,ari/otle1 to ,demo/h5es1 to ,cic]o1 etc4 ,"h aga9 ! au?or is n an ess5tial 9 ! cr$it we give to any ( ^? works2 = z works ( g5ius !y w\ld h ! same m]it !y h n[1 7 !y anonym\s4 ,nobody believes ! ,trojan /ory1 z relat$ by ,hom]1 to be true2 = x is ! poet only t is admir$1 & ! m]it ( ! poet w rema91 ?\gh ! /ory be fabul\s4 ,b if we disbelieve ! matt]s relat$ by ! ,bible au?ors 7,moses = in/ance7 z we disbelieve ! ?+s relat$ by ,hom]1 !re rema9s no?+ ( ,moses 9 our e/imation1 b an impo/]4 ,z to ! anci5t hi/orians1 f ,h]odotus to ,tacitus1 we cr$it !m z f> z !y relate ?+s probable & cr$ible1 & no fur!r3 = if we d1 we mu/ believe ! two miracles :i* ,tacitus relates 7 p]=m$ by ,vespasian1 t ( cur+ a lame man1 & a bl9d man1 9 j ! same mann] z ! same ?+s are told ( ,jesus ,*ri/ by 8 hi/orians4 ,we mu/ also believe ! miracles cit$ by ,josephus1 t ( ! sea ( ,pamphilia op5+ to let ,alex&] & 8 army pass1 z is relat$ ( ! ,r$ ,sea 9 ,exodus4 ,^! miracles are q z well au!nticat$ z ! ,bible miracles1 & yet we d n believe !m2 consequ5tly ! degree ( evid5ce necess>y to e/abli% our belief ( ?+s naturally incr$ible1 :e!r 9 ! ,bible or else:]e1 is f> great] ?an t :i* obta9s our belief to natural & probable ?+s2 & !re=e ! advocates = ! ,bible h no claim to our belief ( ! ,bible because t we believe ?+s /at$ 9 o!r anci5t writ+s2 s9ce t we believe ! ?+s /at$ 9 ^? writ+s no fur!r ?an !y are probable & cr$ible1 or because !y are self-evid5t1 l ,euclid2 or admire !m because !y are elegant1 l ,hom]2 or approve !m because !y are s$ate1 l ,plato2 or judici\s1 l ,ari/otle4 ,hav+ premis$ ^! ?+s1 ,i proce$ to exam9e ! au!nticity ( ! ,bible2 & ,i beg9 ) :at are call$ ! five books ( ,moses1 ,g5esis1 ,exodus1 ,leviticus1 ,numb]s1 & ,deut]onomy4 ,my int5tion is to %ew t ^? books are spuri\s1 & t ,moses is n ! au?or ( !m2 & /ill fur!r1 t !y 7 n writt5 9 ! "t ( ,moses nor till sev]al hundr$ ye>s aft]w>ds2 t !y are no o!r ?an an attempt$ hi/ory ( ! life ( ,moses1 & ( ! times 9 :i* he is said to h liv$1 & also ( ! times prior !reto1 writt5 by "s v ignorant & /upid pret5d]s to au?or%ip1 sev]al hundr$ ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,moses2 z m5 n[ write hi/ories ( ?+s t happ5$1 or are suppos$ to h happ5$1 sev]al hundr$ or sev]al ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,! evid5ce t ,i %all produce 9 ?is case is f ! books !mselves2 & ,i w conf9e myself to ?is evid5ce only4 ,7 ,i to ref] = pro(s to any ( ! anci5t au?ors1 :om ! advocates ( ! ,bible call prophane au?ors1 !y w\ld controv]t t au?ority1 z ,i controv]t !irs3 ,i w !re=e meet !m on _! own gr\nd1 & oppose !m ) _! own weapon1 ! ,bible4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is no affirmative evid5ce t ,moses is ! au?or ( ^? books2 & t he is ! au?or1 is altoge!r an unf\nd$ op9ion1 got abroad nobody kn[s h[4 ,! /yle & mann] 9 :i* ^? books are writt5 give no room to believe1 or ev5 to suppose1 !y 7 writt5 by ,moses2 = x is altoge!r ! /yle & mann] ( ano!r p]son speak+ ( ,moses4 ,9 ,exodus1 ,leviticus & ,numb]s1 7= e ?+ 9 ,g5esis is prior to ! times ( ,moses & n ! lea/ allusion is made to him !re917 ! :ole1 ,i say1 ( ^! books is 9 ! ?ird p]son2 x is always1 ! ,"l said unto ,moses1 or ,moses said unto ! ,"l2 or ,moses said unto ! p1 or ! p said unto ,moses2 & ?is is ! /yle & mann] t hi/orians use 9 speak+ ( ! p]son ^: lives & actions !y are writ+4 ,x may be said1 t a man may speak ( himself 9 ! ?ird p]son1 &1 !re=e1 x may be suppos$ t ,moses did2 b supposition proves no?+2 & if ! advocates = ! belief t ,moses wrote ^? books himself h no?+ bett] to advance ?an supposition1 !y may z well be sil5t4 ,b grant+ ! grammatical "r1 t ,moses might speak ( himself 9 ! ?ird p]son1 because any man might speak ( himself 9 t mann]1 x _c be admitt$ z a fact 9 ^? books1 t x is ,moses :o speaks1 )\t r5d]+ ,moses truly ridicul\s & absurd3--= example1 ,numb]s xii4 #c3 8,n[ ! man ,moses 0 v ,,meek1 above all ! m5 :i* 7 on ! face ( ! e>?40 ,if ,moses said ?is ( himself1 in/ead ( be+ ! meeke/ ( m51 he 0 "o ( ! mo/ va9 & arrogant coxcombs2 & ! advocates = ^? books may n[ take :i* side !y please1 = bo? sides are aga9/ !m3 if ,moses 0 n ! au?or1 ! books are )\t au?ority2 & if he 0 ! au?or1 ! au?or is )\t cr$it1 because to boa/ ( meekness is ! rev]se ( meekness1 & is a lie 9 s5tim5t4 ,9 ,deut]onomy1 ! /yle & mann] ( writ+ m>ks m evid5tly ?an 9 ! =m] books t ,moses is n ! writ]4 ,! mann] "h us$ is dramatical2 ! writ] op5s ! subject by a %ort introductory disc\rse1 & !n introduces ,moses z 9 ! act ( speak+1 & :5 he has made ,moses f9i% 8 h>rangue1 he 7! writ]7 resumes 8 own "p1 & speaks till he br+s ,moses =w>d aga91 & at la/ closes ! sc5e ) an acc\nt ( ! dea?1 fun]al1 & "* ( ,moses4 ,?is int]*ange ( speak]s occurs f\r times 9 ?is book3 f ! fir/ v]se ( ! fir/ *apt]1 to ! end ( ! fif? v]se1 x is ! writ] :o speaks2 he !n introduces ,moses z 9 ! act ( mak+ 8 h>rangue1 & ?is cont9ues to ! end ( ! #dj? v]se ( ! f\r? *apt]2 "h ! writ] drops ,moses1 & speaks hi/orically ( :at 0 done 9 consequ5ce ( :at ,moses1 :5 liv+1 is suppos$ to h said1 & :i* ! writ] has dramatically rehe>s$4 ,! writ] op5s ! subject aga9 9 ! fir/ v]se ( ! fif? *apt]1 ?\gh x is only by say+ t ,moses call$ ! p ( ,israel toge!r2 he !n introduces ,moses z be=e1 & cont9ues him z 9 ! act ( speak+1 to ! end ( ! #bf? *apt]4 ,he does ! same ?+ at ! beg9n+ ( ! #bg? *apt]2 & cont9ues ,moses z 9 ! act ( speak+1 to ! end ( ! #bh? *apt]4 ,at ! #bi? *apt] ! writ] speaks aga9 ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! fir/ v]se1 & ! fir/ l9e ( ! second v]se1 :]e he introduces ,moses = ! la/ "t1 & cont9ues him z 9 ! act ( speak+1 to ! end ( ! #cc;d *apt]4 ,! writ] hav+ n[ f9i%$ ! rehe>sal on ! "p ( ,moses1 comes =w>d1 & speaks ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! la/ *apt]3 he beg9s by tell+ ! read]1 t ,moses w5t up to ! top ( ,pisgah1 t he saw f !nce ! l& :i* 7! writ] says7 _h be5 promis$ to ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob2 t he1 ,moses1 di$ !re 9 ! l& ( ,moab1 t he buri$ him 9 a valley 9 ! l& ( ,moab1 b t no man kn[e? ( 8 sepul*re unto ?is day1 t is unto ! "t 9 :i* ! writ] liv$ :o wrote ! book ( ,deut]onomy4 ,! writ] !n tells u1 t ,moses 0 "o hundr$ & t5 ye>s ( age :5 he di$--t 8 eye 0 n dim1 nor 8 natural =ce abat$2 & he concludes by say+1 t !re arose n a prophet s9ce 9 ,israel l unto ,moses1 :om1 says ?is anonym\s writ]1 ! ,"l knew face to face4 ,hav+ ?us %ewn1 z f> z grammatical evid5ce implies1 t ,moses 0 n ! writ] ( ^? books1 ,i w1 aft] mak+ a few obs]vations on ! inconsi/5cies ( ! writ] ( ! book ( ,deut]onomy1 proce$ to %ew1 f ! hi/orical & *ronological evid5ce conta9$ 9 ^? books1 t ,moses 0 n1 because he c\ld n be1 ! writ] ( !m2 & consequ5tly1 t !re is no au?ority = believ+ t ! inhuman & horrid but*]ies ( m51 wom51 & *ildr51 told ( 9 ^? books1 7 done1 z ^? books say !y 71 at ! comm& ( ,god4 ,x is a duty incumb5t on e true dei/1 t he v9dicates ! moral ju/ice ( ,god aga9/ ! calumnies ( ! ,bible4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,deut]onomy1 :oev] he 01 = x is an anonym\s "w1 is obscure1 & also contradictory ) himself 9 ! acc\nt he has giv5 ( ,moses4 ,aft] tell+ t ,moses w5t to ! top ( ,pisgah 7& x does n appe> f any acc\nt t he ev] came d[n aga97 he tells u1 t ,moses di$ !re 9 ! l& ( ,moab1 & t he buri$ him 9 a valley 9 ! l& ( ,moab2 b z !re is no antec$5t to ! pron\n he1 !re is no kn[+ :o he 01 t did bury him4 ,if ! writ] meant t he 7,god7 buri$ him1 h[ %\ld he 7! writ]7 "k x8 or :y %\ld we 7! read]s7 believe him8 s9ce we "k n :o ! writ] 0 t tells u s1 = c]ta9ly ,moses c\ld n himself tell :]e he 0 buri$4 ,! writ] also tells u1 t no man kn[e? :]e ! sepul*re ( ,moses is unto ?is day1 mean+ ! "t 9 :i* ?is writ] liv$2 h[ !n %\ld he "k t ,moses 0 buri$ 9 a valley 9 ! l& ( ,moab8 = z ! writ] liv$ long aft] ! "t ( ,moses1 z is evid5t f 8 us+ ! expression ( unto ?is day1 mean+ a great l5g? ( "t aft] ! dea? ( ,moses1 he c]ta9ly 0 n at 8 fun]al2 & on ! o!r h&1 x is impossible t ,moses himself c\ld say t no man kn[e? :]e ! sepul*re is unto ?is day4 ,to make ,moses ! speak]1 w\ld be an improvem5t on ! play ( a *ild t hides himself & cries nobody c f9d me2 nobody c f9d ,moses4 ,?is writ] has no :]e told u h[ he came by ! spee*es :i* he has put into ! m\? ( ,moses to speak1 & !re=e we h a "r to conclude t he ei!r compos$ !m himself1 or wrote !m f oral tradition4 ,"o or o!r ( ^! is ! m probable1 s9ce he has giv51 9 ! fif? *apt]1 a table ( comm&m5ts1 9 :i* t call$ ! f\r? comm&m5t is diff]5t f ! f\r? comm&m5t 9 ! tw5tie? *apt] ( ,exodus4 ,9 t ( ,exodus1 ! reason giv5 = keep+ ! sev5? day is1 because 7says ! comm&m5t7 ,god made ! heav5s & ! e>? 9 six days1 & re/$ on ! sev5?2 b 9 t ( ,deut]onomy1 ! reason giv5 is1 t x 0 ! day on :i* ! *ildr5 ( ,israel came out ( ,egypt1 & !re=e1 says ?is comm&m5t1 ! ,"l ?y ,god comm&$ !e to keep ! sabba?-day ,?is makes no m5tion ( ! creation1 nor t ( ! com+ out ( ,egypt4 ,!re are also _m ?+s giv5 z laws ( ,moses 9 ?is book1 t are n to be f\nd 9 any ( ! o!r books2 among :i* is t inhuman & brutal law1 xxi4 #ah1 #ai1 #bj1 #ba1 :i* au?orizes p>5ts1 ! fa!r & ! "m1 to br+ _! own *ildr5 to h !m /on$ to dea? = :at x pleas$ !m to call /ubbornness4--,b prie/s h always be5 fond ( prea*+ up ,deut]onomy1 = ,deut]onomy prea*es up ty!s2 & x is f ?is book1 xxv4 #d1 !y h tak5 ! phrase1 & appli$ x to ty?+1 t 8?\ %alt n muzzle ! ox :5 he treade? ,out ! corn30 & t ?is might n escape obs]vation1 !y h not$ x 9 ! table ( cont5ts at ! head ( ! *apt]1 ?\gh x is only a s+le v]se ( less ?an two l9es4 ,o prie/s6 prie/s6 ye are will+ to be comp>$ to an ox1 = ! sake ( ty!s4 ,an elegant pocket edition ( ,pa9e's ,!ological ,works 7,london4 ,r4 ,c>lile1 #ahbb7 has 9 its title a picture ( ,pa9e1 z a ,moses 9 ev5+ dress1 unfold+ ! two tables ( 8 8,age ( ,reason0 to a f>m] f :om ! ,bi%op ( ,ll&aff 7:o repli$ to ?is "w7 has tak5 a %eaf & a lamb :i* he is c>ry+ to a *ur* at ! summit ( a well /ock$ hill4--,editor4--,?\gh x is impossible = u to "k id5tically :o ! writ] ( ,deut]onomy 01 x is n difficult to discov] him pr(essionally1 t he 0 "s ,jewi% prie/1 :o liv$1 z ,i %all %ew 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w1 at lea/ ?ree hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ! "t ( ,moses4 ,i come n[ to speak ( ! hi/orical & *ronological evid5ce4 ,! *ronology t ,i %all use is ! ,bible *ronology2 = ,i mean n to g out ( ! ,bible = evid5ce ( any ?+1 b to make ! ,bible itself prove hi/orically & *ronologically t ,moses is n ! au?or ( ! books ascrib$ to him4 ,x is !re=e prop] t ,i in=m ! read]s 7su* an "o at lea/ z may n h ! opportunity ( kn[+ x7 t 9 ! l>g] ,bibles1 & also 9 "s small] ones1 !re is a s]ies ( *ronology pr9t$ 9 ! m>g9 ( e page = ! purpose ( %[+ h[ long ! hi/orical matt]s /at$ 9 ea* page happ5$1 or are suppos$ to h happ5$1 be=e ,*ri/1 & consequ5tly ! di/ance ( "t betwe5 "o hi/orical circum/ance & ano!r4 ,i beg9 ) ! book ( ,g5esis4--,9 ,g5esis xiv41 ! writ] gives an acc\nt ( ,lot be+ tak5 prison] 9 a battle betwe5 ! f\r k+s aga9/ five1 & c>ri$ (f2 & t :5 ! acc\nt ( ,lot be+ tak5 came to ,abraham1 t he arm$ all 8 h\sehold & m>*$ to rescue ,lot f ! captors2 & t he pursu$ !m unto ,dan4 7v]4 #ad47 ,to %ew 9 :at mann] ?is expression ( ,pursu+ !m unto ,dan applies to ! case 9 "q1 ,i w ref] to two circum/ances1 ! "o 9 ,am]ica1 ! o!r 9 ,france4 ,! city n[ call$ ,new ,york1 9 ,am]ica1 0 orig9ally ,new ,am/]dam2 & ! t[n 9 ,france1 lately call$ ,havre ,m>at1 0 be=e call$ ,havre-de-,grace4 ,new ,am/]dam 0 *ang$ to ,new ,york 9 ! ye> #affd2 ,havre-de-,grace to ,havre ,m>at 9 ! ye> #agic4 ,%\ld1 !re=e1 any writ+ be f\nd1 ?\gh )\t date1 9 :i* ! "n ( ,new-,york %\ld be m5tion$1 x w\ld be c]ta9 evid5ce t su* a writ+ c\ld n h be5 writt5 be=e1 & mu/ h be5 writt5 aft] ,new ,am/]dam 0 *ang$ to ,new ,york1 & consequ5tly n till aft] ! ye> #affd1 or at lea/ dur+ ! c\rse ( t ye>4 ,& 9 l mann]1 any dateless writ+1 ) ! "n ( ,havre ,m>at1 w\ld be c]ta9 evid5ce t su* a writ+ mu/ h be5 writt5 aft] ,havre-de-,grace became ,havre ,m>at1 & consequ5tly n till aft] ! ye> #agic1 or at lea/ dur+ ! c\rse ( t ye>4 ,i n[ come to ! application ( ^? cases1 & to %[ t !re 0 no su* place z ,dan till _m ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,moses2 & consequ5tly1 t ,moses c\ld n be ! writ] ( ! book ( ,g5esis1 :]e ?is acc\nt ( pursu+ !m unto ,dan is giv54 ,! place t is call$ ,dan 9 ! ,bible 0 orig9ally a t[n ( ! ,g5tiles1 call$ ,lai%2 & :5 ! tribe ( ,dan seiz$ ^u ?is t[n1 !y *ang$ its "n to ,dan1 9 commemoration ( ,dan1 :o 0 ! fa!r ( t tribe1 & ! great gr&son ( ,abraham4 ,to e/abli% ?is 9 pro(1 x is necess>y to ref] f ,g5esis to *apt] xviii4 ( ! book call$ ! ,book ( judges4 ,x is !re said 7v]4 #bg7 t 8!y 7! ,danites7 came unto ,lai% to a p t 7 quiet & secure1 & !y smote !m ) ! edge ( ! sword ! ,bible is fill$ ) murd] & burn$ ! city ) fire2 & !y built a city1 7v]4 #bh17 & dwelt !re91 & v]4 #bi1 !y call$ ! "n ( ! city ,dan1 aft] ! "n ( ,dan1 _! fa!r2 h[beit ! "n ( ! city 0 ,lai% at ! fir/40 ,?is acc\nt ( ! ,danites tak+ possession ( ,lai% & *ang+ x to ,dan1 is plac$ 9 ! book ( ,judges imm$iately aft] ! dea? ( ,samson4 ,! dea? ( ,samson is said to h happ5$ ,b4,c4 #aabj & t ( ,moses ,b4,c4 #adea2 &1 !re=e1 accord+ to ! hi/orical arrangem5t1 ! place 0 n call$ ,dan till #cca ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,moses4 ,!re is a /rik+ confusion betwe5 ! hi/orical & ! *ronological arrangem5t 9 ! book ( judges4 ,! la/ five *apt]s1 z !y /& 9 ! book1 #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj1 #ba1 are put *ronologically be=e all ! prec$+ *apt]s2 !y are made to be #bh ye>s be=e ! #af? *apt]1 #bff be=e ! #ae?1 #bde be=e ! #ac?1 #aie be=e ! #i?1 #ij be=e ! #d?1 & #ae ye>s be=e ! #a/ *apt]4 ,?is %ews ! unc]ta9 & fabul\s /ate ( ! ,bible4 ,accord+ to ! *ronological arrangem5t1 ! tak+ ( ,lai%1 & giv+ x ! "n ( ,dan1 is made to be tw5ty ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 :o 0 ! successor ( ,moses2 & by ! hi/orical ord]1 z x /&s 9 ! book1 x is made to be #cjf ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 & #cca aft] t ( ,moses2 b !y bo? exclude ,moses f be+ ! writ] ( ,g5esis1 because1 accord+ to ei!r ( ! /atem5ts1 no su* a place z ,dan exi/$ 9 ! "t ( ,moses2 & !re=e ! writ] ( ,g5esis mu/ h be5 "s p]son :o liv$ aft] ! t[n ( ,lai% _h ! "n ( ,dan2 & :o t p]son 0 nobody kn[s1 & consequ5tly ! book ( ,g5esis is anonym\s1 & )\t au?ority4 ,i come n[ to /ate ano!r po9t ( hi/orical & *ronological evid5ce1 & to %[ !refrom1 z 9 ! prec$+ case1 t ,moses is n ! au?or ( ! book ( ,g5esis4 ,9 ,g5esis xxxvi4 !re is giv5 a g5ealogy ( ! sons & desc5dants ( ,esau1 :o are call$ ,edomites1 & also a li/ by "n ( ! k+s ( ,edom2 9 enum]at+ ( :i*1 x is said1 v]se #ca1 8,& ^! are ! k+s t reign$ 9 ,edom1 be=e !re reign$ any k+ ov] ! *ildr5 ( ,israel40 ,n[1 7 any dateless writ+ to be f\nd1 9 :i*1 speak+ ( any pa/ ev5ts1 ! writ] %\ld say1 ^! ?+s happ5$ be=e !re 0 any ,congress 9 ,am]ica1 or be=e !re 0 any ,conv5tion 9 ,france1 x w\ld be evid5ce t su* writ+ c\ld n h be5 writt5 be=e1 & c\ld only be writt5 aft] !re 0 a ,congress 9 ,am]ica or a ,conv5tion 9 ,france1 z ! case might be2 &1 consequ5tly1 t x c\ld n be writt5 by any p]son :o di$ be=e !re 0 a ,congress 9 ! "o c\ntry1 or a ,conv5tion 9 ! o!r4 ,no?+ is m frequ5t1 z well 9 hi/ory z 9 conv]sation1 ?an to ref] to a fact 9 ! room ( a date3 x is mo/ natural s to d1 because a fact fixes itself 9 ! memory bett] ?an a date2 secondly1 because ! fact includes ! date1 & s]ves to give two ideas at once2 & ?is mann] ( speak+ by circum/ances implies z positively t ! fact allud$ to is pa/1 z if x 0 s express$4 ,:5 a p]son 9 speak+ ^u any matt]1 says1 x 0 be=e ,i 0 m>ri$1 or be=e my son 0 born1 or be=e ,i w5t to ,am]ica1 or be=e ,i w5t to ,france1 x is absolutely und]/ood1 & int5d$ to be und]/ood1 t he has be5 m>ri$1 t he has _h a son1 t he has be5 9 ,am]ica1 or be5 9 ,france4 ,language does n admit ( us+ ?is mode ( expression 9 any o!r s5se2 & :5ev] su* an expression is f\nd any:]e1 x c only be und]/ood 9 ! s5se 9 :i* only x c\ld h be5 us$4 ,! passage1 !re=e1 t ,i h quot$--t 8^! are ! k+s t reign$ 9 ,edom1 be=e !re reign$ any k+ ov] ! *ildr5 ( ,israel10 c\ld only h be5 writt5 aft] ! fir/ k+ began to reign ov] !m2 & consequ5tly t ! book ( ,g5esis1 s f> f hav+ be5 writt5 by ,moses1 c\ld n h be5 writt5 till ! "t ( ,saul at lea/4 ,?is is ! positive s5se ( ! passage2 b ! expression1 any k+1 implies m k+s ?an "o1 at lea/ x implies two1 & ?is w c>ry x to ! "t ( ,david2 &1 if tak5 9 a g5]al s5se1 x c>ries itself ?r\gh all times ( ! ,jewi% mon>*y4 ,_h we met ) ?is v]se 9 any "p ( ! ,bible t pr(ess$ to h be5 writt5 aft] k+s began to reign 9 ,israel1 x w\ld h be5 impossible n to h se5 ! application ( x4 ,x happ5s !n t ?is is ! case2 ! two books ( ,*ronicles1 :i* give a hi/ory ( all ! k+s ( ,israel1 are pr(ess$ly1 z well z 9 fact1 writt5 aft] ! ,jewi% mon>*y began2 & ?is v]se t ,i h quot$1 & all ! rema9+ v]ses ( ,g5esis xxxvi4 are1 ^w = ^w1 ,9 #a ,*ronicles i41 beg9n+ at ! #dc;d v]se4 ,x 0 ) consi/5cy t ! writ] ( ! ,*ronicles c\ld say z he has said1 #a ,*ron4 i4 #dc1 8,^! are ! k+s t reign$ 9 ,edom1 be=e !re reign$ any k+ ov] ! *ildr5 ( ,israel10 because he 0 go+ to give1 & has giv51 a li/ ( ! k+s t _h reign$ 9 ,israel2 b z x is impossible t ! same expression c\ld h be5 us$ be=e t p]iod1 x is z c]ta9 z any ?+ c be prov$ f hi/orical language1 t ?is "p ( ,g5esis is tak5 f ,*ronicles1 & t ,g5esis is n s old z ,*ronicles1 & probably n s old z ! book ( ,hom]1 or z sop's ,fables2 admitt+ ,hom] to h be51 z ! tables ( *ronology /ate1 contempor>y ) ,david or ,solomon1 & sop to h liv$ ab\t ! end ( ! ,jewi% mon>*y4 ,take away f ,g5esis ! belief t ,moses 0 ! au?or1 on :i* only ! /range belief t x is ! ^w ( ,god has /ood1 & !re rema9s no?+ ( ,g5esis b an anonym\s book ( /ories1 fables1 & tradition>y or inv5t$ absurdities1 or ( d[nright lies4 ,! /ory ( ,eve & ! s]p5t1 & ( ,noah & 8 ark1 drops to a level ) ! ,arabian ,tales1 )\t ! m]it ( be+ ent]ta9+1 & ! acc\nt ( m5 liv+ to eight & n9e hundr$ ye>s becomes z fabul\s z ! immortality ( ! giants ( ! ,my?ology4 ,besides1 ! "* ( ,moses1 z /at$ 9 ! ,bible1 is ! mo/ horrid t c be imag9$4 ,if ^? acc\nts be true1 he 0 ! wret* t fir/ began & c>ri$ on w>s on ! score or on ! pret5ce ( religion2 & "u t mask1 or t infatuation1 committ$ ! mo/ unexampl$ atrocities t are to be f\nd 9 ! hi/ory ( any nation4 ,( :i* ,i w /ate only "o in/ance3 ,:5 ! ,jewi% army return$ f "o ( _! plund]+ & murd]+ excursions1 ! acc\nt goes on z foll[s 7,numb]s xxxi4 #ac73 8,& ,moses1 & ,eleaz> ! prie/1 & all ! pr9ces ( ! congregation1 w5t =? to meet !m )\t ! camp2 & ,moses 0 wro? ) ! (fic]s ( ! ho/1 ) ! capta9s ov] ?\s&s1 & capta9s ov] hundr$s1 :i* came f ! battle2 & ,moses said unto !m1 #8,h ye sav$ all ! wom5 alive8' behold1 ^! caus$ ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 ?r\gh ! c\nsel ( ,balaam1 to commit trespass aga9/ ! ,"l 9 ! matt] ( ,peor1 & !re 0 a plague among ! congregation ( ! ,"l4 ,n[ !re=e1 #8kill e male among ! little ones1 & kill e woman t ha? kn[n a man by ly+ ) him2 b all ! wom5-*ildr5 t h n kn[n a man by ly+ ) him1 keep alive = ,y\rselves4'0 ,among ! dete/able villa9s t 9 any p]iod ( ! _w h disgrac$ ! "n ( man1 x is impossible to f9d a great] ?an ,moses1 if ?is acc\nt be true4 ,"h is an ord] to but*] ! boys1 to massacre ! mo!rs1 & debau* ! daught]s4 ,let any "m put h]self 9 ! situation ( ^? mo!rs1 "o *ild murd]$1 ano!r de/9$ to violation1 & h]self 9 ! h&s ( an execution]3 let any daught] put h]self 9 ! situation ( ^? daught]s1 de/9$ z a prey to ! murd]]s ( a "m & a bro!r1 & :at w be _! feel+s8 ,x is 9 va9 t we attempt to impose ^u nature1 = nature w h h] c\rse1 & ! religion t tortures all h] social ties is a false religion4 ,aft] ?is dete/able ord]1 foll[s an acc\nt ( ! plund] tak51 & ! mann] ( divid+ x2 & "h x is t ! pr(ane+s ( prie/ly hypocrisy increases ! catalogue ( crimes4 ,v]se #cg1 8,& ! ,"l's tribute ( ! %eep 0 six hundr$ & ?reescore & fifte52 & ! beeves 7 ?irty & six ?\s&1 ( :i* ! ,"l's tribute 0 ?reescore & twelve2 & ! asses 7 ?irty ?\s&1 ( :i* ! ,"l's tribute 0 ?reescore & "o2 & ! p]sons 7 sixte5 ?\s&1 ( :i* ! ,"l's tribute 0 ?irty & two40 ,9 %ort1 ! matt]s conta9$ 9 ?is *apt]1 z well z 9 _m o!r p>ts ( ! ,bible1 are too horrid = humanity to read1 or = dec5cy to he>2 = x appe>s1 f ! #ce? v]se ( ?is *apt]1 t ! numb] ( wom5-*ildr5 consign$ to debau*]y by ! ord] ( ,moses 0 ?irty-two ?\s&4 ,p 9 g5]al "k n :at wick$ness !re is 9 ?is pret5d$ ^w ( ,god4 ,br\ght up 9 habits ( sup]/ition1 !y take x = grant$ t ! ,bible is true1 & t x is good2 !y p]mit !mselves n to d\bt ( x1 & !y c>ry ! ideas !y =m ( ! b5evol5ce ( ! ,almighty to ! book :i* !y h be5 taught to believe 0 writt5 by 8 au?ority4 ,good heav5s6 x is q ano!r ?+1 x is a book ( lies1 wick$ness1 & blasphemy2 = :at c be great] blasphemy1 ?an to ascribe ! wick$ness ( man to ! ord]s ( ! ,almighty6 ,b to return to my subject1 t ( %[+ t ,moses is n ! au?or ( ! books ascrib$ to him1 & t ! ,bible is spuri\s4 ,! two in/ances ,i h already giv5 w\ld be suffici5t1 )\t any additional evid5ce1 to invalidate ! au!nticity ( any book t pret5d$ to be f\r or five hundr$ ye>s m anci5t ?an ! matt]s x speaks (1 ref]s to1 !m z facts2 = 9 ! case ( pursu+ !m unto ,dan1 & ( ! k+s t reign$ ov] ! *ildr5 ( ,israel2 n ev5 ! flimsy pret5ce ( prophecy c be plead$4 ,! expressions are 9 ! pret] t5se1 & x w\ld be d[nright idiotism to say t a man c\ld prophecy 9 ! pret] t5se4 ,b !re are _m o!r passages scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ^? books t unite 9 ! same po9t ( evid5ce4 ,x is said 9 ,exodus1 7ano!r ( ! books ascrib$ to ,moses17 xvi4 #ce3 8,& ! *ildr5 ( ,israel did eat manna until !y came to a l& inhabit$2 !y did eat manna until !y came unto ! bord]s ( ! l& ( ,canaan40 ,:e!r ! *ildr5 ( ,israel ate manna or n1 or :at manna 01 or :e!r x 0 any?+ m ?an a k9d ( fungus or small mu%room1 or o!r vegetable sub/ance common to t "p ( ! c\ntry1 makes no "p ( my argum5t2 all t ,i mean to %[ is1 t x is n ,moses t c\ld write ?is acc\nt1 because ! acc\nt ext5ds itself beyond ! life "t ( ,moses4 ,moses1 accord+ to ! ,bible1 7b x is su* a book ( lies & contradictions !re is no kn[+ :i* "p to believe1 or :e!r any7 di$ 9 ! wild]ness1 & nev] came ^u ! bord]s ( #8! l& ( ,canaan2 & consequ5tly1 x c\ld n be he t said :at ! *ildr5 ( ,israel did1 or :at !y ate :5 !y came !re4 ,?is acc\nt ( eat+ manna1 :i* !y tell u 0 writt5 by ,moses1 ext5ds itself to ! "t ( ,jo%ua1 ! successor ( ,moses1 z appe>s by ! acc\nt giv5 9 ! book ( ,jo%ua1 aft] ! *ildr5 ( ,israel _h pass$ ! riv] ,jordan1 & came into ! bord]s ( ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,jo%ua1 v4 #ab3 8,& ! manna ceas$ on ! morr[1 aft] !y _h eat5 ( ! old corn ( ! l&2 nei!r _h ! *ildr5 ( ,israel manna any m1 b !y did eat ( ! fruit ( ! l& ( ,canaan t ye>40 ,b a m rem>kable in/ance ?an ?is occurs 9 ,deut]onomy2 :i*1 :ile x %[s t ,moses c\ld n be ! writ] ( t book1 %[s also ! fabul\s notions t prevail$ at t "t ab\t giants' ,9 ,deut]onomy iii4 #aa1 among ! conque/s said to be made by ,moses1 is an acc\nt ( ! tak+ ( ,og1 k+ ( ,ba%an3 8,= only ,og1 k+ ( ,ba%an1 rema9$ ( ! race ( giants2 behold1 8 b$/ead 0 a b$/ead ( iron2 is x n 9 ,rabba? ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ammon8 n9e cubits 0 ! l5g? !re(1 & f\r cubits ! bread? ( x1 aft] ! cubit ( a man40 ,a cubit is #a foot #i #hhh_/ajjj in*es2 ! l5g? !re=e ( ! b$ 0 #af feet #d in*es1 & ! bread? #g feet #d in*es3 ?us mu* = ?is giant's b$4 ,n[ = ! hi/orical "p1 :i*1 ?\gh ! evid5ce is n s direct & positive z 9 ! =m] cases1 is nev]!less v presumable & corroborat+ evid5ce1 & is bett] ?an ! be/ evid5ce on ! contr>y side4 ,! writ]1 by way ( prov+ ! exi/5ce ( ?is giant1 ref]s to 8 b$1 z an anci5t relick1 & says1 is x n 9 ,rabba? 7or ,rabbah7 ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ammon8 mean+ t x is2 = su* is frequ5tly ! bible me?od ( affirm+ a ?+4 ,b x c\ld n be ,moses t said ?is1 because ,moses c\ld "k no?+ ab\t ,rabbah1 nor ( :at 0 9 x4 ,rabbah 0 n a city belong+ to ?is giant k+1 nor 0 x "o ( ! cities t ,moses took4 ,! k !re=e t ?is b$ 0 at ,rabbah1 & ( ! p>ticul>s ( its dim5sions1 mu/ be ref]r$ to ! "t :5 ,rabbah 0 tak51 & ?is 0 n till f\r hundr$ ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,moses2 = :i*1 see #b ,sam4 xii4 #bf3 8,& ,joab ,david's g5]al f\ght aga9/ ,rabbah ( ! *ildr5 ( ,ammon1 & took ! royal city10 etc4 ,z ,i am n und]tak+ to po9t out all ! contradictions 9 "t1 place1 & circum/ance t ab\nd 9 ! books ascrib$ to ,moses1 & :i* prove to demon/ration t ^? books c\ld n be writt5 by ,moses1 nor 9 ! "t ( ,moses1 ,i proce$ to ! book ( ,jo%ua1 & to %ew t ,jo%ua is n ! au?or ( t book1 & t x is anonym\s & )\t au?ority4 ,! evid5ce ,i %all produce is conta9$ 9 ! book itself3 ,i w n g out ( ! ,bible = pro( aga9/ ! suppos$ au!nticity ( ! ,bible4 ,false te/imony is always good aga9/ itself4 ,jo%ua1 accord+ to ,jo%ua i41 0 ! imm$iate successor ( ,moses2 he 01 moreov]1 a milit>y man1 :i* ,moses 0 n2 & he cont9u$ z *ief ( ! p ( ,israel tw5ty-five ye>s2 t is1 f ! "t t ,moses di$1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,bible *ronology1 0 ,b4,c4 #adea1 until ,b4,c4 #adbf1 :51 accord+ to ! same *ronology1 ,jo%ua di$4 ,if1 !re=e1 we f9d 9 ?is book1 said to h be5 writt5 by ,jo%ua1 ref]5ces to facts done aft] ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 x is evid5ce t ,jo%ua c\ld n be ! au?or2 & also t ! book c\ld n h be5 writt5 till aft] ! "t ( ! late/ fact :i* x records4 ,z to ! "* ( ! book1 x is horrid2 x is a milit>y hi/ory ( rap9e & murd]1 z savage & brutal z ^? record$ ( 8 pr$ecessor 9 villa9y & hypocrisy1 ,moses2 & ! blasphemy consi/s1 z 9 ! =m] books1 9 ascrib+ ^? de$s to ! ord]s ( ! ,almighty4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! book ( ,jo%ua1 z is ! case 9 ! prec$+ books1 is writt5 9 ! ?ird p]son2 x is ! hi/orian ( ,jo%ua t speaks1 = x w\ld h be5 absurd & va+lori\s t ,jo%ua %\ld say ( himself1 z is said ( him 9 ! la/ v]se ( ! six? *apt]1 t 88 fame 0 nois$ ?r\gh\t all ! c\ntry40--,i n[ come m imm$iately to ! pro(4 ,9 ,jo%ua xxiv4 #ca1 x is said 8,& ,israel s]v$ ! ,"l all ! days ( ,jo%ua1 & all ! days ( ! eld]s t ov]-liv$ ,jo%ua40 ,n[1 9 ! "n ( common s5se1 c x be ,jo%ua t relates :at p _h done aft] he 0 dead8 ,?is acc\nt mu/ n only h be5 writt5 by "s hi/orian t liv$ aft] ,jo%ua1 b t liv$ also aft] ! eld]s t out-liv$ ,jo%ua4 ,!re are sev]al passages ( a g5]al mean+ ) respect to "t1 scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! book ( ,jo%ua1 t c>ries ! "t 9 :i* ! book 0 writt5 to a di/ance f ! "t ( ,jo%ua1 b )\t m>k+ by exclusion any p>ticul> "t1 z 9 ! passage above quot$4 ,9 t passage1 ! "t t int]v5$ betwe5 ! dea? ( ,jo%ua & ! dea? ( ! eld]s is exclud$ descriptively & absolutely1 & ! evid5ce sub/antiates t ! book c\ld n h be5 writt5 till aft] ! dea? ( ! la/4 ,b ?\gh ! passages to :i* ,i allude1 & :i* ,i am go+ to quote1 d n designate any p>ticul> "t by exclusion1 !y imply a "t f> m di/ant f ! days ( ,jo%ua ?an is conta9$ betwe5 ! dea? ( ,jo%ua & ! dea? ( ! eld]s4 ,su* is ! passage1 x4 #ad1 :]e1 aft] giv+ an acc\nt t ! sun /ood /ill ^u ,gibeon1 & ! moon 9 ! valley ( ,ajalon1 at ! comm& ( ,jo%ua1 7a tale only fit to amuse *ildr57 ,,note3 ,?is tale ( ! sun /&+ /ill ^u ,mot9t ,gibeon1 & ! moon 9 ! valley ( ,ajalon1 is "o ( ^? fables t detects itself4 ,su* a circum/ance c\ld n h happ5$ )\t be+ kn[n all ov] ! _w4 ,"o half w\ld h wond]$ :y ! sun did n rise1 & ! o!r :y x did n set2 & ! tradition ( x w\ld be univ]sal2 :]eas !re is n a nation 9 ! _w t kn[s any?+ ab\t x4 ,b :y mu/ ! moon /& /ill8 ,:at occasion c\ld !re be = moonlight 9 ! daytime1 & t too :il/ ! sun %9$8 ,z a poetical figure1 ! :ole is well en\gh2 x is ak9 to t 9 ! song ( ,deborah & ,b>ak1 ,! />s 9 _! c\rses f\ght aga9/ ,sis]a2 b x is inf]ior to ! figurative decl>ation ( ,mahomet to ! p]sons :o came to expo/ulate ) him on 8 go+s on1 ,w]t ?\1 said he1 to come to me ) ! sun 9 ?y "r h& & ! moon 9 ?y left1 x %\ld n alt] my c>e]4 ,= ,jo%ua to h exce$$ ,mahomet1 he %\ld h put ! sun & moon1 "o 9 ea* pocket1 & c>ri$ !m z ,guy ,faux c>ri$ 8 d>k lan?orn1 & tak5 !m out to %9e z he might happ5 to want !m4 ,! sublime & ! ridicul\s are (t5 s ne>ly relat$ t x is difficult to class !m sep>ately4 ,"o /ep above ! sublime makes ! ridicul\s1 & "o /ep above ! ridicul\s makes ! sublime aga92 ! acc\nt1 h[ev]1 ab/ract$ f ! poetical fancy1 %ews ! ignorance ( ,jo%ua1 = he %\ld h comm&$ ! e>? to h /ood /ill4--,au?or4 ! passage says3 8,& !re 0 no day l t1 be=e x1 nor aft] x1 t ! ,"l he>k5$ to ! voice ( a man40 ,! "t impli$ by ! expression aft] x1 t is1 aft] t day1 be+ put 9 comp>ison ) all ! "t t pass$ be=e x1 mu/1 9 ord] to give any expressive signification to ! passage1 mean a great l5g? ( "t3--= example1 x w\ld h be5 ridicul\s to h said s ! next day1 or ! next week1 or ! next mon?1 or ! next ye>2 to give !re=e mean+ to ! passage1 comp>ative ) ! wond] x relates1 & ! prior "t x alludes to1 x mu/ mean c5turies ( ye>s2 less h[ev] ?an "o w\ld be trifl+1 & less ?an two w\ld be b>ely admissible4 ,a di/ant1 b g5]al "t is also express$ 9 *apt] viii42 :]e1 aft] giv+ an acc\nt ( ! tak+ ! city ( ,ai1 x is said1 v]4 #bh?1 8,& ,jo%ua burn$ ,ai1 & made x an heap = ev]1 a desolation unto ?is day20 & aga91 v]4 #bi1 :]e speak+ ( ! k+ ( ,ai1 :om ,jo%ua _h hang$1 & buri$ at ! ent]+ ( ! gate1 x is said1 8,& he rais$ !reon a great heap ( /ones1 :i* rema9e? unto ?is day10 t is1 unto ! day or "t 9 :i* ! writ] ( ! book ( ,jo%ua liv$4 ,& aga91 9 *apt] x4 :]e1 aft] speak+ ( ! five k+s :om ,jo%ua _h hang$ on five trees1 & !n ?r[n 9 a cave1 x is said1 8,& he laid great /ones on ! cave's m\?1 :i* rema9 unto ?is v day40 ,9 enum]at+ ! sev]al exploits ( ,jo%ua1 & ( ! tribes1 & ( ! places :i* !y conqu]$ or attempt$1 x is said1 xv4 #fc1 8,z = ! ,jebusites1 ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 ! *ildr5 ( ,judah c\ld n drive !m out2 b ! ,jebusites dwell ) ! *ildr5 ( ,judah ,,at ,,j]usalem unto ?is day40 ,! "q ^u ?is passage is1 ,at :at "t did ! ,jebusites & ! *ildr5 ( ,judah dwell toge!r at ,j]usalem8 ,z ?is matt] occurs aga9 9 judges i4 ,i %all res]ve my obs]vations till ,i come to t "p4 ,hav+ ?us %ewn f ! book ( ,jo%ua itself1 )\t any auxili>y evid5ce :atev]1 t ,jo%ua is n ! au?or ( t book1 & t x is anonym\s1 & consequ5tly )\t au?ority1 ,i proce$1 z be=e-m5tion$1 to ! book ( ,judges4 ,! book ( ,judges is anonym\s on ! face ( x2 &1 !re=e1 ev5 ! pret5ce is want+ to call x ! ^w ( ,god2 x has n s mu* z a nom9al v\*]2 x is altoge!r fa!rless4 ,?is book beg9s ) ! same expression z ! book ( ,jo%ua4 ,t ( ,jo%ua beg9s1 *ap i4 #a1 ,n[ aft] ! dea? ( ,moses1 etc41 & ?is ( ! ,judges beg9s1 ,n[ aft] ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 etc4 ,?is1 & ! simil>ity ( /ile betwe5 ! two books1 indicate t !y are ! "w ( ! same au?or2 b :o he 01 is altoge!r unkn[n2 ! only po9t t ! book proves is t ! au?or liv$ long aft] ! "t ( ,jo%ua2 = ?\gh x beg9s z if x foll[$ imm$iately aft] 8 dea?1 ! second *apt] is an epitome or ab/ract ( ! :ole book1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,bible *ronology1 ext5ds its hi/ory ?r\gh a space ( #cjf ye>s2 t is1 f ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 ,b4,c4 #adbf to ! dea? ( ,samson1 ,b4,c4 #aabj1 & only #be ye>s be=e ,saul w5t to seek 8 fa!r's asses1 & 0 made k+4 ,b !re is good reason to believe1 t x 0 n writt5 till ! "t ( ,david1 at lea/1 & t ! book ( ,jo%ua 0 n writt5 be=e ! same "t4 ,9 ,judges i41 ! writ]1 aft] ann\nc+ ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 proce$s to tell :at happ5$ betwe5 ! *ildr5 ( ,judah & ! native inhabitants ( ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,9 ?is /atem5t ! writ]1 hav+ abruptly m5tion$ ,j]usalem 9 ! #g? v]se1 says imm$iately aft]1 9 ! #h? v]se1 by way ( explanation1 8,n[ ! *ildr5 ( ,judah _h f\ght aga9/ ,j]usalem1 & tak5 x20 consequ5tly ?is book c\ld n h be5 writt5 be=e ,j]usalem _h be5 tak54 ,! read] w recollect ! quotation ,i h j be=e made f ,jo%ua xv4 #fc1 :]e x said t ! ,jebusites dwell ) ! *ildr5 ( ,judah at ,j]usalem at ?is day2 mean+ ! "t :5 ! book ( ,jo%ua 0 writt54 ,! evid5ce ,i h already produc$ to prove t ! books ,i h hi!rto treat$ ( 7 n writt5 by ! p]sons to :om !y are ascrib$1 nor till _m ye>s aft] _! dea?1 if su* p]sons ev] liv$1 is already s abundant1 t ,i c af=d to admit ?is passage ) less weight ?an ,i am entitl$ to draw f x4 ,= ! case is1 t s f> z ! ,bible c be cr$it$ z an hi/ory1 ! city ( ,j]usalem 0 n tak5 till ! "t ( ,david2 & consequ5tly1 t ! book ( ,jo%ua1 & ( ,judges1 7 n writt5 till aft] ! comm5cem5t ( ! reign ( ,david1 :i* 0 #cgj ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,jo%ua4 ,! "n ( ! city t 0 aft]w>d call$ ,j]usalem 0 orig9ally ,jebus1 or ,jebusi1 & 0 ! capital ( ! ,jebusites4 ,! acc\nt ( ,david's tak+ ?is city is giv5 9 #b ,samuel1 v4 #d1 etc42 also 9 #a ,*ron4 xiv4 #d1 etc4 ,!re is no m5tion 9 any "p ( ! ,bible t x 0 ev] tak5 be=e1 nor any acc\nt t fav\rs su* an op9ion4 ,x is n said1 ei!r 9 ,samuel or 9 ,*ronicles1 t !y 8utt]ly de/roy$ m51 wom5 & *ildr51 t !y left n a s\l to brea!10 z is said ( _! o!r conque/s2 & ! sil5ce "h obs]v$ implies t x 0 tak5 by capitulation2 & t ! ,jebusites1 ! native inhabitants1 cont9u$ to live 9 ! place aft] x 0 tak54 ,! acc\nt !re=e1 giv5 9 ,jo%ua1 t 8! ,jebusites dwell ) ! *ildr5 ( ,judah0 at ,j]usalem at ?is day1 corresponds to no o!r "t ?an aft] tak+ ! city by ,david4 ,hav+ n[ %[n t e book 9 ! ,bible1 f ,g5esis to ,judges1 is )\t au!nticity1 ,i come to ! book ( ,ru?1 an idle1 bungl+ /ory1 fooli%ly told1 nobody kn[s by :om1 ab\t a /roll+ c\ntry-girl creep+ slily to b$ to h] c\s9 ,boaz4 ,! text ( ,ru? does n imply ! unpleasant s5se ,pa9e's words are likely to convey4--,editor4 ,pretty /uff inde$ to be call$ ! ^w ( ,god4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 "o ( ! be/ books 9 ! ,bible1 = x is free f murd] & rap9e4 ,i come next to ! two books ( ,samuel1 & to %ew t ^? books 7 n writt5 by ,samuel1 nor till a great l5g? ( "t aft] ! dea? ( ,samuel2 & t !y are1 l all ! =m] books1 anonym\s1 & )\t au?ority4 ,to be conv9c$ t ^! books h be5 writt5 mu* lat] ?an ! "t ( ,samuel1 & consequ5tly n by him1 x is only necess>y to read ! acc\nt :i* ! writ] gives ( ,saul go+ to seek 8 fa!r's asses1 & ( 8 int]view ) ,samuel1 ( :om ,saul w5t to enquire ab\t ^? lo/ asses1 z fooli% p n[-a-days g to a conjuror to enquire aft] lo/ ?+s4 ,! writ]1 9 relat+ ?is /ory ( ,saul1 ,samuel1 & ! asses1 does n tell x z a ?+ t _h j !n happ5$1 b z an anci5t /ory 9 ! "t ?is writ] liv$2 = he tells x 9 ! language or t]ms us$ at ! "t t ,samuel liv$1 :i* obliges ! writ] to expla9 ! /ory 9 ! t]ms or language us$ 9 ! "t ! writ] liv$4 ,samuel1 9 ! acc\nt giv5 ( him 9 ! fir/ ( ^? books1 *ap4 ix4 #ac call$ ! se]2 & x is by ?is t]m t ,saul enquires aft] him1 v]4 #aa1 8,& z !y ,saul & 8 s]vant w5t up ! hill to ! city1 !y f\nd "y maid5s go+ out to draw wat]2 & !y said unto !m1 ,is ! se] "h80 ,saul !n w5t accord+ to ! direction ( ^! maid5s1 & met ,samuel )\t kn[+ him1 & said unto him1 v]4 #ah1 8,tell me1 ,i pray !e1 :]e ! se]'s h\se is8 & ,samuel answ]$ ,saul1 & said1 ,i am ! se]40 ,z ! writ] ( ! book ( ,samuel relates ^! que/ions & answ]s1 9 ! language or mann] ( speak+ us$ 9 ! "t !y are said to h be5 spok51 & z t mann] ( speak+ 0 out ( use :5 ?is au?or wrote1 he f\nd x necess>y1 9 ord] to make ! /ory und]/ood1 to expla9 ! t]ms 9 :i* ^! que/ions & answ]s are spok52 & he does ?is 9 ! #i? v]se1 :]e he says1 8,be=e-"t 9 ,israel1 :5 a man w5t to enquire ( ,god1 ?us he spake1 ,come let u g to ! se]2 = he t is n[ call$ a prophet1 0 be=e-"t call$ a se]40 ,?is proves1 z ,i h be=e said1 t ?is /ory ( ,saul1 ,samuel1 & ! asses1 0 an anci5t /ory at ! "t ! book ( ,samuel 0 writt51 & consequ5tly t ,samuel did n write x1 & t ! book is )\t au!nticity4 ,b if we g fur!r into ^? books ! evid5ce is /ill m positive t ,samuel is n ! writ] ( !m2 = !y relate ?+s t did n happ5 till sev]al ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,samuel4 ,samuel di$ be=e ,saul2 = i ,samuel1 xxviii4 tells1 t ,saul & ! wit* ( ,endor conjur$ ,samuel up aft] he 0 dead2 yet ! hi/ory ( matt]s conta9$ 9 ^? books is ext5d$ ?r\gh ! rema9+ "p ( ,saul's life1 & to ! latt] end ( ! life ( ,david1 :o succe$$ ,saul4 ,! acc\nt ( ! dea? & burial ( ,samuel 7a ?+ :i* he c\ld n write himself7 is relat$ 9 i ,samuel xxv42 & ! *ronology affix$ to ?is *apt] makes ?is to be ,b4,c4 #ajfj2 yet ! hi/ory ( ?is fir/ book is br\ght d[n to ,b4,c4 #ajef1 t is1 to ! dea? ( ,saul1 :i* 0 n till f\r ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,samuel4 ,! second book ( ,samuel beg9s ) an acc\nt ( ?+s t did n happ5 till f\r ye>s aft] ,samuel 0 dead2 = x beg9s ) ! reign ( ,david1 :o succe$$ ,saul1 & x goes on to ! end ( ,david's reign1 :i* 0 =ty-?ree ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,samuel2 &1 !re=e1 ! books are 9 !mselves positive evid5ce t !y 7 n writt5 by ,samuel4 ,i h n[ gone ?r\gh all ! books 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! ,bible1 to :i* ! names ( p]sons are affix$1 z be+ ! au?ors ( ^? books1 & :i* ! *ur*1 /yl+ itself ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 h impos$ ^u ! _w z ! writ+s ( ,moses1 ,jo%ua & ,samuel2 & ,i h detect$ & prov$ ! falsehood ( ?is imposition4--,& n[ ye prie/s1 ( e description1 :o h prea*$ & writt5 aga9/ ! =m] "p ( ! #8,age ( ,reason1' :at h ye to say8 ,w ye ) all ?is mass ( evid5ce aga9/ y1 & />+ y 9 ! face1 /ill h ! assurance to m>* into y\r pulpits1 & cont9ue to impose ^! books on y\r congregations1 z ! works ( inspir$ p5m5 & ! ^w ( ,god8 :5 x is z evid5t z demon/ration c make tru? appe>1 t ! p]sons :o ye say are ! au?ors1 are n ! au?ors1 & t ye "k n :o ! au?ors are4 ,:at %ad[ ( pret5ce h ye n[ to produce = cont9u+ ! blasphem\s fraud8 ,:at h ye /ill to (f] aga9/ ! pure & moral religion ( deism1 9 support ( y\r sy/em ( falsehood1 idolatry1 & pret5d$ revelation8 ,_h ! cruel & murd]+ ord]s1 ) :i* ! ,bible is fill$1 & ! numb]less tortur+ executions ( m51 wom51 & *ildr51 9 consequ5ce ( ^? ord]s1 be5 ascrib$ to "s fri5d1 ^: memory y rev]$1 y w\ld h gl[$ ) satisfaction at detect+ ! falsehood ( ! *>ge1 & glori$ 9 def5d+ 8 injur$ fame4 ,x is because ye are sunk 9 ! cruelty ( sup]/ition1 or feel no int]e/ 9 ! hon\r ( y\r ,creator1 t ye li/5 to ! horrid tales ( ! ,bible1 or he> !m ) call\s indiff]5ce4 ,! evid5ce ,i h produc$1 & %all /ill produce 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w1 to prove t ! ,bible is )\t au?ority1 w1 :il/ x w\nds ! /ubbornness ( a prie/1 relieve & tranquillize ! m9ds ( millions3 x w free !m f all ^? h>d ?\ghts ( ! ,almighty :i* prie/craft & ! ,bible _h infus$ into _! m9ds1 & :i* /ood 9 ev]la/+ opposition to all _! ideas ( 8 moral ju/ice & b5evol5ce4 ,i come n[ to ! two books ( ,k+s1 & ! two books ( ,*ronicles4--,^? books are altoge!r hi/orical1 & are *iefly conf9$ to ! lives & actions ( ! ,jewi% k+s1 :o 9 g5]al 7 a p>cel ( rascals3 b ^! are matt]s ) :i* we h no m conc]n ?an we h ) ! ,roman emp]ors1 or ,hom]'s acc\nt ( ! ,trojan w>4 ,besides :i*1 z ^? books are anonym\s1 & z we "k no?+ ( ! writ]1 or ( 8 "*1 x is impossible = u to "k :at degree ( cr$it to give to ! matt]s relat$ !re94 ,l all o!r anci5t hi/ories1 !y appe> to be a jumble ( fable & ( fact1 & ( probable & ( improbable ?+s1 b :i* di/ance ( "t & place1 & *ange ( circum/ances 9 ! _w1 h r5d]$ obsolete & un9t]e/+4 ,! *ief use ,i %all make ( ^? books w be t ( comp>+ !m ) ea* o!r1 & ) o!r p>ts ( ! ,bible1 to %[ ! confusion1 contradiction1 & cruelty 9 ?is pret5d$ ^w ( ,god4 ,! fir/ book ( ,k+s beg9s ) ! reign ( ,solomon1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,bible *ronology1 0 ,b4,c4 #ajae2 & ! second book ends ,b4,c4 #ehh1 be+ a little aft] ! reign ( ,z$ekiah1 :om ,nebu*adnezz>1 aft] tak+ ,j]usalem & conqu]+ ! ,jews1 c>ri$ captive to ,babylon4 ,! two books include a space ( #dbg ye>s4 ,! two books ( ,*ronicles are an hi/ory ( ! same times1 & 9 g5]al ( ! same p]sons1 by ano!r au?or2 = x w\ld be absurd to suppose t ! same au?or wrote ! hi/ory twice ov]4 ,! fir/ book ( ,*ronicles 7aft] giv+ ! g5ealogy f ,adam to ,saul1 :i* takes up ! fir/ n9e *apt]s7 beg9s ) ! reign ( ,david2 & ! la/ book ends1 z 9 ! la/ book ( ,k+s1 soon1 aft] ! reign ( ,z$ekiah1 ab\t ,b4,c4 #ehh4 ,! la/ two v]ses ( ! la/ *apt] br+ ! hi/ory #eb ye>s m =w>d1 t is1 to #ecf4 ,b ^! v]ses d n belong to ! book1 z ,i %all %[ :5 ,i come to speak ( ! book ( ,ezra4 ,! two books ( ,k+s1 besides ! hi/ory ( ,saul1 ,david1 & ,solomon1 :o reign$ ov] all ,israel1 conta9 an ab/ract ( ! lives ( sev5te5 k+s1 & "o que51 :o are /il$ k+s ( ,judah2 & ( n9ete51 :o are /il$ k+s ( ,israel2 = ! ,jewi% nation1 imm$iately on ! dea? ( ,solomon1 split into two p>ties1 :o *ose sep>ate k+s1 & :o c>ri$ on mo/ rancor\s w>s aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,^! two books are little m ?an a hi/ory ( assass9ations1 trea*]y1 & w>s4 ,! cruelties t ! ,jews _h accu/om$ !mselves to practise on ! ,canaanites1 ^: c\ntry !y _h savagely invad$1 "u a pret5d$ gift f ,god1 !y aft]w>ds practis$ z furi\sly on ea* o!r4 ,sc>cely half _! k+s di$ a natural dea?1 & 9 "s in/ances :ole families 7 de/roy$ to secure possession to ! successor1 :o1 aft] a few ye>s1 & sometimes only a few mon?s1 or less1 %>$ ! same fate4 ,9 #b ,k+s x41 an acc\nt is giv5 ( two baskets full ( *ildr5's heads1 sev5ty 9 numb]1 be+ expos$ at ! entrance ( ! city2 !y 7 ! *ildr5 ( ,ahab1 & 7 murd]$ by ! ord]s ( ,jehu1 :om ,eli%a1 ! pret5d$ man ( ,god1 _h ano9t$ to be k+ ov] ,israel1 on purpose to commit ?is bloody de$1 & assass9ate 8 pr$ecessor4 ,& 9 ! acc\nt ( ! reign ( ,m5ahem1 "o ( ! k+s ( ,israel :o _h murd]$ ,%allum1 :o _h reign$ b "o mon?1 x is said1 #b ,k+s xv4 #af1 t ,m5ahem smote ! city ( ,tiphsah1 because !y op5$ n ! city to him1 & all ! wom5 !re9 t 7 ) *ild he ripp$ up4 ,c\ld we p]mit ourselves to suppose t ! ,almighty w\ld di/+ui% any nation ( p by ! "n ( 8 *os5 p1 we mu/ suppose t p to h be5 an example to all ! re/ ( ! _w ( ! pure/ piety & humanity1 & n su* a nation ( ruffians & cut-?roats z ! anci5t ,jews 71--a p :o1 corrupt$ by & copy+ aft] su* mon/]s & impo/]s z ,moses & ,a>on1 ,jo%ua1 ,samuel1 & ,david1 _h di/+ui%$ !mselves above all o!rs on ! face ( ! kn[n e>? = b>b>ity & wick$ness4 ,if we w n /ubbornly %ut our eyes & /eel our he>ts x is impossible n to see1 9 spite ( all t long-e/abli%$ sup]/ition imposes ^u ! m9d1 t ! flatt]+ appellation ( 8 *os5 p is no o!r ?an a ,,lie :i* ! prie/s & lead]s ( ! ,jews _h inv5t$ to cov] ! bas5ess ( _! own *>act]s2 & :i* ,*ri/ian prie/s sometimes z corrupt1 & (t5 z cruel1 h pr(ess$ to believe4 ,! two books ( ,*ronicles are a repetition ( ! same crimes2 b ! hi/ory is brok5 9 sev]al places1 by ! au?or leav+ out ! reign ( "s ( _! k+s2 & 9 ?is1 z well z 9 t ( ,k+s1 !re is su* a frequ5t transition f k+s ( ,judah to k+s ( ,israel1 & f k+s ( ,israel to k+s ( ,judah1 t ! n>rative is obscure 9 ! read+4 ,9 ! same book ! hi/ory sometimes contradicts itself3 = example1 9 #b ,k+s1 i4 #ag1 we are told1 b 9 r ambigu\s t]ms1 t aft] ! dea? ( ,ahaziah1 k+ ( ,israel1 ,jehoram1 or ,joram1 7:o 0 ( ! h\se ( ,ahab71 reign$ 9 8 /ead 9 ! second ,ye> ( ,jehoram1 or ,joram1 son ( ,jeho%aphat1 k+ ( ,judah2 & 9 viii4 #af1 ( ! same book1 x is said1 8,& 9 ! fif? ye> ( ,joram1 ! son ( ,ahab1 k+ ( ,israel1 ,jeho%aphat be+ !n k+ ( ,judah1 ,jehoram1 ! son ( ,jeho%aphat k+ ( judah1 began to reign40 ,t is1 "o *apt] says ,joram ( ,judah began to reign 9 ! second ye> ( ,joram ( ,israel2 & ! o!r *apt] says1 t ,joram ( ,israel began to reign 9 ! fif? ye> ( ,joram ( ,judah4 ,sev]al ( ! mo/ extraord9>y matt]s relat$ 9 "o hi/ory1 z hav+ happ5$ dur+ ! reign ( su* or su* ( _! k+s1 are n to be f\nd 9 ! o!r1 9 relat+ ! reign ( ! same k+3 = example1 ! two fir/ rival k+s1 aft] ! dea? ( ,solomon1 7 ,rehoboam & ,j]oboam2 & 9 i ,k+s xii4 & xiii4 an acc\nt is giv5 ( ,j]oboam mak+ an (f]+ ( burnt inc5se1 & t a man1 :o is !re call$ a man ( ,god1 cri$ out aga9/ ! alt> 7xiii4 #b73 8,o alt>1 alt>6 ?us sai? ! ,"l3 ,behold1 a *ild %all be born unto ! h\se ( ,david1 ,josiah by "n1 & ^u !e %all he (f] ! prie/s ( ! high places t burn inc5se ^u !e1 & m5's bones %all be burn$ ^u !e40 ,v]se #d3 8,& x came to pass1 :5 k+ ,j]oboam he>d ! say+ ( ! man ( ,god1 :i* _h cri$ aga9/ ! alt> 9 ,be!l1 t he put =? 8 h& f ! alt>1 say+1 ,lay hold on him2 & 8 h& :i* he put out aga9/ him dri$ up s t he c\ld n pull x aga9 to him40 ,"o w\ld ?9k t su* an extraord9>y case z ?is1 7:i* is spok5 ( z a judgem5t17 happ5+ to ! *ief ( "o ( ! p>ties1 & t at ! fir/ mom5t ( ! sep>ation ( ! ,israelites into two nations1 w\ld1 if x14 _h be5 true1 h be5 record$ 9 bo? hi/ories4 ,b ?\gh m51 9 lat] times1 h believ$ all t ! prophets h said unto !m1 x does appe> t ^? prophets1 or hi/orians1 disbeliev$ ea* o!r3 !y knew ea* o!r too well4 ,a long acc\nt also is giv5 9 ,k+s ab\t ,elijah4 ,x runs ?r\gh sev]al *apt]s1 & concludes ) tell+1 #b ,k+s ii4 #aa1 8,& x came to pass1 z !y 7,elijah & ,eli%a7 /ill w5t on1 & talk$1 t1 behold1 !re appe>$ a *>iot ( fire & horses ( fire1 & p>t$ !m bo? asund]1 & ,elijah w5t up by a :irlw9d into heav540 ,hum6 ?is ! au?or ( ,*ronicles1 miracul\s z ! /ory is1 makes no m5tion (1 ?\gh he m5tions ,elijah by "n2 nei!r does he say any?+ ( ! /ory relat$ 9 ! second *apt] ( ! same book ( ,k+s1 ( a p>cel ( *ildr5 call+ ,eli%a bald head2 & t ?is man ( ,god 7v]4 #bd7 8turn$ back1 & look$ ^u !m1 & curs$ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l2 & !re came =? two %e-be>s out ( ! wood1 & t>e =ty & two *ildr5 ( !m40 ,he also passes ov] 9 sil5ce ! /ory told1 #b ,k+s xiii41 t :5 !y 7 bury+ a man 9 ! sepul*re :]e ,eli%a _h be5 buri$1 x happ5$ t ! dead man1 z !y 7 lett+ him d[n1 7v]4 #ba7 8t\*$ ! bones ( ,eli%a1 & he 7! dead man7 reviv$1 & /ood up on 8 feet40 ,! /ory does n tell u :e!r !y buri$ ! man1 not)/&+ he reviv$ & /ood ^u 8 feet1 or drew him up aga94 ,^u all ^! /ories ! writ] ( ! ,*ronicles is z sil5t z any writ] ( ! pres5t day1 :o did n *ose to be accus$ ( ly+1 or at lea/ ( romanc+1 w\ld be ab\t /ories ( ! same k9d4 ,b1 h[ev] ^! two hi/orians may diff] f ea* o!r ) respect to ! tales relat$ by ei!r1 !y are sil5t alike ) respect to ^? m5 /yl$ prophets ^: writ+s fill up ! latt] "p ( ! ,bible4 ,isaiah1 :o liv$ 9 ! "t ( ,hezekiab1 is m5tion$ 9 ,k+s1 & aga9 9 ,*ronicles1 :5 ^! hi/ories are speak+ ( t reign2 b except 9 "o or two in/ances at mo/1 & ^? v slightly1 none ( ! re/ are s mu* z spok5 (1 or ev5 _! exi/5ce h9t$ at2 ?\gh1 accord+ to ! ,bible *ronology1 !y liv$ )9 ! "t ^? hi/ories 7 writt52 & "s ( !m long be=e4 ,if ^? prophets1 z !y are call$1 7 m5 ( su* importance 9 _! day1 z ! compil]s ( ! ,bible1 & prie/s & comm5tators h s9ce repres5t$ !m to be1 h[ c x be acc\nt$ = t n "o ( ^? hi/ories %\ld say any?+ ab\t !m8 ,! hi/ory 9 ! books ( ,k+s & ( ,*ronicles is br\ght =w>d1 z ,i h already said1 to ! ye> ,b4,c4 #ehh2 x w1 !re=e1 be prop] to exam9e :i* ( ^! prophets liv$ be=e t p]iod4 ,"h foll[s a table ( all ! prophets1 ) ! times 9 :i* !y liv$ be=e ,*ri/1 accord+ to ! *ronology affix$ to ! fir/ *apt] ( ea* ( ! books ( ! prophets2 & also ( ! numb] ( ye>s !y liv$ be=e ! books ( ,k+s & ,*ronicles 7 writt53 ,,table ( ! ,prophets1 ) ! "t 9 :i* !y liv$ be=e ,*ri/1 & also be=e ! books ( ,k+s & ,*ronicles 7 writt53 ,ye>s ,ye>s be=e ,,names4 be=e ,k+s & ,obs]vations4 ,*ri/4 ,*ronicles4 ,isaiah444444444444444 #gfj #agb m5tion$4 7m5tion$ only 9 ,j]emiah4444444444444 #fbi #da ! la/ two *apt]s ( ,*ronicles4 ,ezekiel44444444444444 #eie #g n m5tion$4 ,daniel444444444444444 #fjg #ai n m5tion$4 ,hosea4444444444444444 #ghe #ig n m5tion$4 ,joel44444444444444444 #hjj #bab n m5tion$4 ,amos44444444444444444 #ghi #aii n m5tion$4 ,obadiah44444444444444 #ghi #aii n m5tion$4 ,jonah4444444444444444 #hfb #bgd see ! note4 ,micah4444444444444444 #gej #afb n m5tion$4 ,nahum4444444444444444 #gac #abe n m5tion$4 ,habakkuk4444444444444 #fbj #ch n m5tion$4 ,zepbaniah444444444444 #fcj #db n m5tion$4 ,haggai ,ze*>iah all ?ree aft] ! ye> #ehh ,m$a*i ,,note ,9 #b ,k+s xiv4 #be1 ! "n ( ,jonah is m5tion$ on acc\nt ( ! re/oration ( a tract ( l& by ,j]oboam2 b no?+ fur!r is said ( him1 nor is any allusion made to ! book ( ,jonah1 nor to 8 exp$ition to ,n9eveh1 nor to 8 enc\nt] ) ! :ale4--,au?or4 ,?is table is ei!r n v hon\rable = ! ,bible hi/orians1 or n v hon\rable = ! ,bible prophets2 & ,i leave to prie/s & comm5tators1 :o are v le>n$ 9 little ?+s1 to settle ! po9t ( etiquette betwe5 ! two2 & to assign a reason1 :y ! au?ors ( ,k+s & ( ,*ronicles h treat$ ^? prophets1 :om1 9 ! =m] "p ( ! #8,age ( ,reason1' ,i h consid]$ z poets1 ) z mu* degrad+ sil5ce z any hi/orian ( ! pres5t day w\ld treat ,pet] ,p9d>4 ,i h "o m obs]vation to make on ! book ( ,*ronicles2 aft] :i* ,i %all pass on to review ! rema9+ books ( ! ,bible4 ,9 my obs]vations on ! book ( ,g5esis1 ,i h quot$ a passage f xxxvi4 #ca1 :i* evid5tly ref]s to a "t1 aft] t k+s began to reign ov] ! *ildr5 ( ,israel2 & ,i h %[n t z ?is v]se is v]batim ! same z 9 #a ,*ronicles i4 #dc1 :]e x /&s consi/5tly ) ! ord] ( hi/ory1 :i* 9 ,g5esis x does n1 t ! v]se 9 ,g5esis1 & a great "p ( ! #cf? *apt]1 h be5 tak5 f ,*ronicles2 & t ! book ( ,g5esis1 ?\gh x is plac$ fir/ 9 ! ,bible1 & ascrib$ to ,moses1 has be5 manufactur$ by "s unkn[n p]son1 aft] ! book ( ,*ronicles 0 writt51 :i* 0 n until at lea/ eight hundr$ & sixty ye>s aft] ! "t ( ,moses4 ,! evid5ce ,i proce$ by to sub/antiate ?is1 is regul>1 & has 9 x b two /ages4 ,fir/1 z ,i h already /at$1 t ! passage 9 ,g5esis ref]s itself = "t to ,*ronicles2 secondly1 t ! book ( ,*ronicles1 to :i* ?is passage ref]s itself1 0 n begun to be writt5 until at lea/ eight hundr$ & sixty ye>s aft] ! "t ( ,moses4 ,to prove ?is1 we h only to look into #a ,*ronicles iii4 #ae1 :]e ! writ]1 9 giv+ ! g5ealogy ( ! desc5dants ( ,david1 m5tions ,z$ekiah2 & x 0 9 ! "t ( ,z$ekiah t ,nebu*adnezz> conqu]$ ,j]usalem1 ,b4,c4 #ehh1 & consequ5tly m ?an #hfj ye>s aft] ,moses4 ,^? :o h sup]/iti\sly boa/$ ( ! antiquity ( ! ,bible1 & p>ticul>ly ( ! books ascrib$ to ,moses1 h done x )\t exam9ation1 & )\t any o!r au?ority ?an t ( "o cr$ul\s man tell+ x to ano!r3 =1 s f> z hi/orical & *ronological evid5ce applies1 ! v fir/ book 9 ! ,bible is n s anci5t z ! book ( ,hom]1 by m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s1 & is ab\t ! same age ) sop's ,fables4 ,i am n cont5d+ = ! morality ( ,hom]2 on ! contr>y1 ,i ?9k x a book ( false glory1 & t5d+ to inspire immoral & mis*iev\s notions ( hon\r2 & ) respect to sop1 ?\gh ! moral is 9 g5]al j1 ! fable is (t5 cruel2 & ! cruelty ( ! fable does m injury to ! he>t1 especially 9 a *ild1 ?an ! moral does good to ! judgm5t4 ,hav+ n[ dismiss$ ,k+s & ,*ronicles1 ,i come to ! next 9 c\rse1 ! book ( ,ezra4 ,z "o pro(1 among o!rs ,i %all produce to %ew ! disord] 9 :i* ?is pret5d$ ^w ( ,god1 ! ,bible1 has be5 put toge!r1 & ! unc]ta9ty ( :o ! au?ors 71 we h only to look at ! fir/ ?ree v]ses 9 ,ezra1 & ! la/ two 9 #b ,*ronicles2 = by :at k9d ( cutt+ & %uffl+ has x be5 t ! fir/ ?ree v]ses 9 ,ezra %\ld be ! la/ two v]ses 9 #b ,*ronicles1 or t ! la/ two 9 #b ,*ronicles %\ld be ! fir/ ?ree 9 ,ezra8 ,ei!r ! au?ors did n "k _! own works or ! compil]s did n "k ! au?ors4 ,la/ ,two ,v]ses ( #b ,*ronicles4 ,v]4 #bb4 ,n[ 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ,cyrus1 ,k+ ( ,p]sia1 t ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 spok5 by ! m\? ( ,j]emiah1 might be accompli%$1 ! ,"l /irr$ up ! _s ( ,cyrus1 k+ ( ,p]sia1 t he made a proclamation ?r\gh\t all 8 k+dom1 & put x also 9 writ+1 say+4 e>? ha? ! ,"l ,god ( heav5 giv5 me2 & he ha? *>g$ me to build him an h\se 9 ,j]usalem :i* is 9 ,judah4 ,:o is !re among y ( all 8 p8 ! ,"l 8 ,god be ) him1 & let him g up4 999999 ,fir/ ,?ree ,v]ses ( ,ezra4 ,v]4 #a4 ,n[ 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ,cyrus1 k+ ( ,p]sia1 t ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 by ! m\? ( ,j]emiah1 might be fulfill$1 ! ,"l /irr$ up ! _s ( ,cyrus1 k+ ( ,p]sia1 t he made a proclamation ?r\gh\t all 8 k+dom1 & put x also 9 writ+1 say+4 #b4 ,?us sai? ,cyrus1 k+ ( ,p]sia1 ,! ,"l ,god ( heav5 ha? giv5 me all ! k+doms ( ! e>?2 & he ha? *>g$ me to build him an h\se at ,j]usalem1 :i* is 9 ,judah4 #c4 ,:o is !re among y ( all 8 p8 8 ,god be ) him1 & let him g up to ,j]usalem1 :i* is 9 ,judah1 & build ! h\se ( ! ,"l ,god ( ,israel 7he is ! ,god7 :i* is 9 ,j]usalem4 999999 ,! la/ v]se 9 ,*ronicles is brok5 abruptly1 & ends 9 ! middle ( ! phrase ) ! ^w #8up' )\t signify+ to :at place4 ,?is abrupt break1 & ! appe>ance ( ! same v]ses 9 diff]5t books1 %[ z ,i h already said1 ! disord] & ignorance 9 :i* ! ,bible has be5 put toge!r1 & t ! compil]s ( x _h no au?ority = :at !y 7 do+1 nor we any au?ority = believ+ :at !y h done4 ,,note ,i obs]v$1 z ,i pass$ along1 sev]al brok5 & s5seless passages 9 ! ,bible1 )\t ?9k+ !m ( consequ5ce en\gh to be introduc$ 9 ! body ( ! "w2 su* z t1 #a ,samuel xiii4 #a1 :]e x is said1 8,saul reign$ "o ye>2 & :5 he _h reign$ two ye>s ov] ,israel1 ,saul *ose him ?ree ?\s& m510 c4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! v]se1 t ,saul reign$ "o ye> has no s5se1 s9ce x does n tell u :at ,saul did1 nor say any ?+ ( :at happ5$ at ! end ( t "o ye>2 & x is1 besides1 m]e absurdity to say he reign$ "o ye>1 :5 ! v next phrase says he _h reign$ two = if he _h reign$ two1 x 0 impossible n to h reign$ "o4 ,ano!r in/ance occurs 9 ,jo%ua v4 :]e ! writ] tells u a /ory ( an angel 7= su* ! table ( cont5ts at ! head ( ! *apt] calls him7 appe>+ unto ,jo%ua2 & ! /ory ends abruptly1 & )\t any conclusion4 ,! /ory is z foll[s3--,v]4 #ac4 8,& x came to pass1 :5 ,jo%ua 0 by ,j]i*o1 t he lift$ up 8 eyes & look$1 & behold !re /ood a man ov] aga9/ him ) 8 sword drawn 9 8 h&2 & ,jo%ua w5t unto him & said unto him1 ,art ?\ = u1 or = our adv]s>ies80 ,v]se #ad1 8,& he said1 ,nay2 b z capta9 ( ! ho/ ( ! ,"l am ,i n[ come4 ,& ,jo%ua fell on 8 face to ! e>?1 & did wor%ip & said unto him1 ,:at sai? my ,"l unto 8 s]vant80 ,v]se #ae1 8,& ! capta9 ( ! ,"l's ho/ said unto ,jo%ua1 ,loose ?y %oe f (f ?y foot2 = ! place :]eon ?\ /&e? is holy4 ,& ,jo%ua did s40--,& :at !n8 no?+3 = "h ! /ory ends1 & ! *apt] too4 ,ei!r ?is /ory is brok5 (f 9 ! middle1 or x is a /ory told by "s ,jewi% hum\ri/ 9 ridicule ( ,jo%ua's pret5d$ mission f ,god1 & ! compil]s ( ! ,bible1 n p]ceiv+ ! design ( ! /ory1 h told x z a s]i\s matt]4 ,z a /ory ( hum\r & ridicule x has a great deal ( po9t2 = x pomp\sly introduces an angel 9 ! figure ( a man1 ) a drawn sword 9 8 h&1 be=e :om ,jo%ua falls on 8 face to ! e>?1 & wor%ips 7:i* is contr>y to _! second comm&m5t27 & !n1 ?is mo/ important embassy f heav5 ends 9 tell+ ,jo%ua to pull (f 8 %oe4 ,x might z well h told him to pull up 8 bree*es4 ,x is c]ta91 h[ev]1 t ! ,jews did n cr$it e ?+ _! lead]s told !m1 z appe>s f ! cavali] mann] 9 :i* !y speak ( ,moses1 :5 he 0 gone into ! m\nt4 ,z = ?is ,moses1 say !y1 we wot n :at is become ( him4 ,exod4 xxxii4 #a4--;,au?or4 ,! only ?+ t has any appe>ance ( c]ta9ty 9 ! book ( ,ezra is ! "t 9 :i* x 0 writt51 :i* 0 imm$iately aft] ! return ( ! ,jews f ! ,babylonian captivity1 ab\t ,b4,c4 #ecf4 ,ezra 7:o1 accord+ to ! ,jewi% comm5tators1 is ! same p]son z is call$ ,esdras 9 ! ,apocrypha7 0 "o ( ! p]sons :o return$1 & :o1 x is probable1 wrote ! acc\nt ( t affair4 ,nebemiah1 ^: book foll[s next to ,ezra1 0 ano!r ( ! return$ p]sons2 & :o1 x is also probable1 wrote ! acc\nt ( ! same affair1 9 ! book t be>s 8 "n4 ,b ^? acc\nts are no?+ to u1 nor to any o!r p]son1 unless x be to ! ,jews1 z a "p ( ! hi/ory ( _! nation2 & !re is j z mu* ( ! ^w ( ,god 9 ^? books z !re is 9 any ( ! hi/ories ( ,france1 or ,rap9's hi/ory ( ,engl&1 or ! hi/ory ( any o!r c\ntry4 ,b ev5 9 matt]s ( hi/orical record1 nei!r ( ^? writ]s are to be dep5d$ ^u4 ,9 ,ezra ii41 ! writ] gives a li/ ( ! tribes & families1 & ( ! precise numb] ( s\ls ( ea*1 t return$ f ,babylon to ,j]usalem2 & ?is enrolm5t ( ! p]sons s return$ appe>s to h be5 "o ( ! pr9cipal objects = writ+ ! book2 b 9 ?is !re is an error t de/roys ! int5tion ( ! und]tak+4 ,! writ] beg9s 8 enrolm5t 9 ! foll[+ mann] 7ii4 #c73 8,! *ildr5 ( ,p>o%1 two ?\s& "o hundr$ sev5ty & f\r40 ,v]4 #d1 8,! *ildr5 ( ,%ephatiah1 ?ree hundr$ sev5ty & two40 ,& 9 ?is mann] he proce$s ?r\gh all ! families2 & 9 ! #fd? v]se1 he makes a total1 & says1 ! :ole congregation toge!r 0 =ty & two ?\s& ?ree hundr$ & ?reescore4 ,b :oev] w take ! tr\ble ( ca/+ up ! sev]al p>ticul>s1 w f9d t ! total is b #bi1hah2 s t ! error is #ab1edb4 ,:at c]ta9ty !n c !re be 9 ! ,bible = any ?+8 ,"h ,mr4 ,pa9e includes ! long li/ ( numb]s f ! ,bible ( all ! *ildr5 li/$ & ! total !re(4 ,?is c be _h directly f ! ,bible4 ,nehemiah1 9 l mann]1 gives a li/ ( ! return$ families1 & ( ! numb] ( ea* family4 ,he beg9s z 9 ,ezra1 by say+ 7vii4 #h73 8,! *ildr5 ( ,p>o%1 two ?\s& ?ree hundr$ & sev5ty-two20 & s on ?r\gh all ! families4 7,! li/ diff]s 9 sev]al ( ! p>ticul>s f t ( ,ezra47 ,9 v]4 #ff1 ,nehemiah makes a total1 & says1 z ,ezra _h said1 8,! :ole congregation toge!r 0 =ty & two ?\s& ?ree hundr$ & ?reescore40 ,b ! p>ticul>s ( ?is li/ make a total b ( #ca1jhi1 s t ! error "h is #aa1bga4 ,^! writ]s may d well en\gh = ,bible-mak]s1 b n = any ?+ :]e tru? & exactness is necess>y4 ,! next book 9 c\rse is ! book ( ,e/h]4 ,if ,madam ,e/h] ?\ght x any hon\r to (f] h]self z a kept mi/ress to ,ahasu]us1 or z a rival to ,que5 ,va%ti1 :o _h refus$ to come to a drunk5 k+ 9 ! mid/ ( a drunk5 company1 to be made a %[ (1 7= ! acc\nt says1 !y _h be5 dr9k+ sev5 days1 & 7 m]ry17 let ,e/h] & ,mordecai look to t1 x is no bus9ess ( ours1 at lea/ x is none ( m9e2 besides :i*1 ! /ory has a great deal ! appe>ance ( be+ fabul\s1 & is also anonym\s4 ,i pass on to ! book ( ,job4 ,! book ( ,job diff]s 9 "* f all ! books we h hi!rto pass$ ov]4 ,trea*]y & murd] make no "p ( ?is book2 x is ! m$itations ( a m9d /rongly impress$ ) ! vicissitudes ( human life1 & by turns s9k+ "u1 & /ruggl+ aga9/ ! pressure4 ,x is a highly wr\ght composition1 betwe5 will+ submission & involunt>y discont5t2 & %[s man1 z he sometimes is1 m dispos$ to be resign$ ?an he is capable ( be+4 ,pati5ce has b a small %>e 9 ! "* ( ! p]son ( :om ! book treats2 on ! contr>y1 8 grief is (t5 impetu\s2 b he /ill endeav\rs to keep a gu>d ^u x1 & seems det]m9$1 9 ! mid/ ( accumulat+ ills1 to impose ^u himself ! h>d duty ( cont5tm5t4 ,i h spok5 9 a respectful mann] ( ! book ( ,job 9 ! =m] "p ( ! #8,age ( ,reason1' b )\t kn[+ at t "t :at ,i h le>n$ s9ce2 :i* is1 t f all ! evid5ce t c be collect$1 ! book ( ,job does n belong to ! ,bible4 ,i h se5 ! op9ion ( two ,hebrew comm5tators1 ,ab5ezra & ,sp9oza1 ^u ?is subject2 !y bo? say t ! book ( ,job c>ries no int]nal evid5ce ( be+ an ,hebrew book2 t ! g5ius ( ! composition1 & ! drama ( ! piece1 are n ,hebrew2 t x has be5 translat$ f ano!r language into ,hebrew1 & t ! au?or ( ! book 0 a ,g5tile2 t ! "* repres5t$ "u ! "n ( ,satan 7:i* is ! fir/ & only "t ?is "n is m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible7 ,9 a lat] "w ,pa9e notes t 9 8! ,bible0 7by :i* he always means ! ,old ,te/am5t alone7 ! ^w ,satan occurs also 9 #a ,*ron4 xxi4 #a1 & rem>ks t ! action !re ascrib$ to ,satan is 9 #b ,sam4 xxiv4 #a1 attribut$ to ,jehovah 78,essay on ,dreams074 ,9 ^! places1 h[ev]1 & 9 ,ps4 cix4 #f1 ,satan means 8adv]s>y10 & is s translat$ 7,a4,s4 v]sion7 9 #b ,sam4 xix4 #bb1 & #a ,k+s v4 #d1 xi4 #be4 ,z a prop] "n1 ) ! article1 ,satan appe>s 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t only 9 ,job & 9 ,ze*4 iii4 #a1 #b4 ,b ! au!nticity ( ! passage 9 ,ze*>iah has be5 que/ion$1 & x may be t 9 f9d+ ! prop] "n ( ,satan 9 ,job alone1 ,pa9e 0 foll[+ "s op9ion met ) 9 "o ( ! au?orities ^: comm5ts are cond5s$ 9 8 p>agraph4--,editor4 does n correspond to any ,hebrew idea2 & t ! two convocations :i* ! ,deity is suppos$ to h made ( ^? :om ! poem calls sons ( ,god1 & ! famili>ity :i* ?is suppos$ ,satan is /at$ to h ) ! ,deity1 are 9 ! same case4 ,x may also be obs]v$1 t ! book %[s itself to be ! production ( a m9d cultivat$ 9 sci5ce1 :i* ! ,jews1 s f> f be+ fam\s =1 7 v ignorant (4 ,! allusions to objects ( natural philosophy are frequ5t & /rong1 & are ( a diff]5t ca/ to any ?+ 9 ! books kn[n to be ,hebrew4 ,! a/ronomical names1 ,pleiades1 ,orion1 & ,arcturus1 are ,greek & n ,hebrew names1 & x does n appe> f any ?+ t is to be f\nd 9 ! ,bible t ! ,jews knew any ?+ ( a/ronomy1 or t !y /udi$ x1 !y _h no translation ( ^? names into _! own language1 b adopt$ ! names z !y f\nd !m 9 ! poem4 ,pa9e's ,jewi% critic1 ,david ,levi1 fa/5$ on ?is slip 78,def5ce ( ! ,old ,te/am5t10 #agig1 p4 #aeb74 ,9 ! orig9al ! names are ,a% 7,arcturus71 ,kesil' 7,orion71 ,kimah' 7,pleiades71 ?\gh ! id5tifications ( ! con/ellations 9 ! ,a4,s4,v4 h be5 que/ion$4--,editor4 ,t ! ,jews did translate ! lit]>y productions ( ! ,g5tile nations into ! ,hebrew language1 & mix !m ) _! own1 is n a matt] ( d\bt2 ,prov]bs xxxi4 i1 is an evid5ce ( ?is3 x is !re said1 ,! ^w ( k+ ,lemuel1 ! prophecy :i* 8 "m taught him4 ,?is v]se /&s z a preface to ! prov]bs t foll[1 & :i* are n ! prov]bs ( ,solomon1 b ( ,lemuel2 & ?is ,lemuel 0 n "o ( ! k+s ( ,israel1 nor ( ,judah1 b ( "s o!r c\ntry1 & consequ5tly a ,g5tile4 ,! ,jews h[ev] h adopt$ 8 prov]bs2 & z !y _c give any acc\nt :o ! au?or ( ! book ( ,job 01 nor h[ !y came by ! book1 & z x diff]s 9 "* f ! ,hebrew writ+s1 & /&s totally unconnect$ ) e o!r book & *apt] 9 ! ,bible be=e x & aft] x1 x has all ! circum/antial evid5ce ( be+ orig9ally a book ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,! pray] kn[n by ! "n ( ,agur's ,pray]1 9 ,prov]bs xxx41--imm$iately prec$+ ! prov]bs ( ,lemuel1--& :i* is ! only s5sible1 well-conceiv$1 & well-express$ pray] 9 ! ,bible1 has mu* ! appe>ance ( be+ a pray] tak5 f ! ,g5tiles4 ,! "n ( ,agur occurs on no o!r occasion ?an ?is2 & he is introduc$1 toge!r ) ! pray] ascrib$ to him1 9 ! same mann]1 & ne>ly 9 ! same words1 t ,lemuel & 8 prov]bs are introduc$ 9 ! *apt] t foll[s4 ,! fir/ v]se says1 8,! words ( ,agur1 ! son ( ,jakeh1 ev5 ! prophecy30 "h ! ^w prophecy is us$ ) ! same application x has 9 ! foll[+ *apt] ( ,lemuel1 unconnect$ ) any?+ ( pr$iction4 ,! pray] ( ,agur is 9 ! #h? & #i? v]ses1 8,remove f> f me vanity & lies2 give me nei!r ri*es nor pov]ty1 b fe$ me ) food conv5i5t = me2 le/ ,i be full & d5y !e & say1 ,:o is ! ,"l8 or le/ ,i be poor & /eal1 & take ! "n ( my ,god 9 va940 ,?is has n any ( ! m>ks ( be+ a ,jewi% pray]1 = ! ,jews nev] pray$ b :5 !y 7 9 tr\ble1 & nev] = any?+ b victory1 v5geance1 or ri*es4--,au?or4 7,prov4 xxx4 #a1 & xxxi4 #a7 ! ^w 8prophecy0 9 ^! v]ses is translat$ 8oracle0 or 8burd50 7m>g47 9 ! revis$ v]sion4--,! pray] ( ,agur 0 quot$ by ,pa9e 9 8 plea = ! (fic]s ( ,excise1 #aggb4--;,editor4 ,! ,bible-mak]s1 & ^? regulators ( "t1 ! ,bible *ronologi/s1 appe> to h be5 at a loss :]e to place & h[ to dispose ( ! book ( ,job2 = x conta9s no "o hi/orical circum/ance1 nor allusion to any1 t might s]ve to det]m9e its place 9 ! ,bible4 ,b x w\ld n h answ]$ ! purpose ( ^! m5 to h in=m$ ! _w ( _! ignorance2 &1 !re=e1 !y h affix$ x to ! a]a ( ,b4,c4 #aebj1 :i* is dur+ ! "t ! ,israelites 7 9 ,egypt1 & = :i* !y h j z mu* au?ority & no m ?an ,i %\ld h = say+ x 0 a ?\s& ye>s be=e t p]iod4 ,! probability h[ev] is1 t x is old] ?an any book 9 ! ,bible2 & x is ! only "o t c be read )\t indignation or disgu/4 ,we "k no?+ ( :at ! anci5t ,g5tile _w 7z x is call$7 0 be=e ! "t ( ! ,jews1 ^: practice has be5 to calumniate & black5 ! "* ( all o!r nations2 & x is f ! ,jewi% acc\nts t we h le>n$ to call !m hea!ns4 ,b1 z f> z we "k to ! contr>y1 !y 7 a j & moral p1 & n addict$1 l ! ,jews1 to cruelty & rev5ge1 b ( ^: pr(ession ( fai? we are unacqua9t$4 ,x appe>s to h be5 _! cu/om to p]sonify bo? virtue & vice by /atues & images1 z is done n[-a-days bo? by /atu>y & by pa9t+2 b x does n foll[ f ?is t !y wor%ipp$ !m any m ?an we d4--,i pass on to ! book (1 ,psalms1 ( :i* x is n necess>y to make mu* obs]vation4 ,"s ( !m are moral1 & o!rs are v rev5geful2 & ! great] "p relates to c]ta9 local circum/ances ( ! ,jewi% nation at ! "t !y 7 writt51 ) :i* we h no?+ to d4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 an error or an imposition to call !m ! ,psalms ( ,david2 !y are a collection1 z song-books are n[-a-days1 f diff]5t song-writ]s1 :o liv$ at diff]5t times4 ,! #acg? ,psalm c\ld n h be5 writt5 till m ?an #djj ye>s aft] ! "t ( ,david1 because x is writt5 9 commemoration ( an ev5t1 ! captivity ( ! ,jews 9 ,babylon1 :i* did n happ5 till t di/ance ( "t4 8,by ! riv]s ( ,babylon we sat d[n2 yea1 we wept :5 we rememb]$ ,zion4 ,we hang$ our h>ps ^u ! will[s1 9 ! mid/ !re(2 = !re !y t c>ri$ u away captive requir$ ( u a song1 say+1 s+ u "o ( ! songs ( ,zion40 ,z a man w\ld say to an ,am]ican1 or to a ,fr5*man1 or to an ,engli%man1 s+ u "o ( y\r ,am]ican songs1 or y\r ,fr5* songs1 or y\r ,engli% songs4 ,?is rem>k1 ) respect to ! "t ?is psalm 0 writt51 is ( no o!r use ?an to %[ 7among o!rs already m5tion$7 ! g5]al imposition ! _w has be5 "u ) respect to ! au?ors ( ! ,bible4 ,no reg>d has be5 paid to "t1 place1 & circum/ance2 & ! names ( p]sons h be5 affix$ to ! sev]al books :i* x 0 z impossible !y %\ld write1 z t a man %\ld walk 9 procession at 8 own fun]al4 ,! ,book ( ,prov]bs4 ,^!1 l ! ,psalms1 are a collection1 & t f au?ors belong+ to o!r nations ?an ^? ( ! ,jewi% nation1 z ,i h %ewn 9 ! obs]vations ^u ! book ( ,job2 besides :i*1 "s ( ! ,prov]bs ascrib$ to ,solomon did n appe> till two hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,solomon2 = x is said 9 xxv4 i1 8,^! are also prov]bs ( ,solomon :i* ! m5 ( ,hezekiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 copi$ out40 ,x 0 two hundr$ & fifty ye>s f ! "t ( ,solomon to ! "t ( ,hezekiah4 ,:5 a man is fam\s & 8 "n is abroad he is made ! putative fa!r ( ?+s he nev] said or did2 & ?is1 mo/ probably1 has be5 ! case ) ,solomon4 ,x appe>s to h be5 ! fa%ion ( t day to make prov]bs1 z x is n[ to make je/-books1 & fa!r !m ^u ^? :o nev] saw !m4 ,a 8,tom ,pa9e's ,je/ ,book0 _h appe>$ 9 ,london ) little or no?+ ( ,pa9e 9 x4--,editor4 ,! book ( ,ecclesia/es1 or ! ,prea*]1 is also ascrib$ to ,solomon1 & t ) mu* reason1 if n ) tru?4 ,x is writt5 z ! solit>y reflections ( a worn-out debau*ee1 su* z ,solomon 01 :o look+ back on sc5es he c no long] enjoy1 cries out ,all is ,vanity6 ,a great deal ( ! metaphor & ( ! s5tim5t is obscure1 mo/ probably by translation2 b en\gh is left to %[ !y 7 /rongly po9t$ 9 ! orig9al4 ,^? t look out ( ! w9d[ %all be d>k5$1 is an obscure figure 9 translation = loss ( sight4--,au?or4 ,f :at is transmitt$ to u ( ! "* ( ,solomon1 he 0 witty1 o/5tati\s1 dissolute1 & at la/ melan*oly4 ,he liv$ fa/1 & di$1 tir$ ( ! _w1 at ! age ( fifty-eight ye>s4 ,sev5 hundr$ wives1 & ?ree hundr$ concub9es1 are worse ?an none2 &1 h[ev] x may c>ry ) x ! appe>ance ( height5$ enjoym5t1 x defeats all ! felicity ( affection1 by leav+ x no po9t to fix ^u2 divid$ love is nev] happy4 ,?is 0 ! case ) ,solomon2 & if he c\ld n1 ) all 8 pret5sions to wisdom1 discov] x be=eh&1 he m]it$1 unpiti$1 ! mortification he aft]w>ds endur$4 ,9 ?is po9t ( view1 8 prea*+ is unnecess>y1 because1 to "k ! consequ5ces1 x is only necess>y to "k ! cause4 ,sev5 hundr$ wives1 & ?ree hundr$ concub9es w\ld h /ood 9 place ( ! :ole book4 ,x 0 ne$less aft] ?is to say t all 0 vanity & vexation ( _s2 = x is impossible to d]ive happ9ess f ! company ( ^? :om we deprive ( happ9ess4 ,to be happy 9 old age x is necess>y t we accu/om ourselves to objects t c accompany ! m9d all ! way ?r\gh life1 & t we take ! re/ z good 9 _! day4 ,! m]e man ( pleasure is mis]able 9 old age2 & ! m]e drudge 9 bus9ess is b little bett]3 :]eas1 natural philosophy1 ma!matical & me*anical sci5ce1 are a cont9ual s\rce ( tranquil pleasure1 & 9 spite ( ! gloomy dogmas ( prie/s1 & ( sup]/ition1 ! /udy ( ^? ?+s is ! /udy ( ! true !ology2 x tea*es man to "k & to admire ! ,creator1 = ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce are 9 ! creation1 & are un*angeable1 & ( div9e orig94 ,^? :o knew ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 w recollect1 t 8 m9d 0 ev] "y2 8 temp] ev] s]5e2 sci5ce1 t nev] gr[s grey1 0 always 8 mi/ress4 ,he 0 nev] )\t an object2 = :5 we cease to h an object we become l an invalid 9 an hospital wait+ = dea?4 ,solomon's ,songs1 amor\s & fooli% en\gh1 b :i* wr9kl$ fanaticism has call$ div9e4--,! compil]s ( ! ,bible h plac$ ^! songs aft] ! book ( ,ecclesia/es2 & ! *ronologi/s h affix$ to !m ! a]a ( ,b4,c4 #ajad1 at :i* "t ,solomon1 accord+ to ! same *ronology1 0 n9ete5 ye>s ( age1 & 0 !n =m+ 8 s]aglio ( wives & concub9es4 ,! ,bible-mak]s & ! *ronologi/s %\ld h manag$ ?is matt] a little bett]1 & ei!r h said no?+ ab\t ! "t1 or *os5 a "t less inconsi/5t ) ! suppos$ div9ity ( ^? songs2 = ,solomon 0 !n 9 ! honey-moon ( "o ?\s& debau*]ies4 ,x %\ld also h occurr$ to !m1 t z he wrote1 if he did write1 ! book ( ,ecclesia/es1 long aft] ^! songs1 & 9 :i* he exclaims t all is vanity & vexation ( _s1 t he includ$ ^? songs 9 t description4 ,?is is ! m probable1 because he says1 or somebody = him1 ,ecclesia/es ii4 #h1 ,i got me m5-s+]s1 & wom5-s+]s mo/ probably to s+ ^? songs1 & musical in/rum5ts ( all sorts2 & behold 7,v]4 ii71 8all 0 vanity & vexation ( _s40 ,! compil]s h[ev] h done _! "w b by halves2 = z !y h giv5 u ! songs !y %\ld h giv5 u ! tunes1 t we might s+ !m4 ,! books call$ ! books ( ! ,prophets fill up all ! rema9+ "p ( ! ,bible2 !y are sixte5 9 numb]1 beg9n+ ) ,isaiah & end+ ) ,mala*i1 ( :i* ,i h giv5 a li/ 9 ! obs]vations ^u ,*ronicles4 ,( ^! sixte5 prophets1 all ( :om except ! la/ ?ree liv$ )9 ! "t ! books ( ,k+s & ,*ronicles 7 writt51 two only1 ,isaiah & ,j]emiah1 are m5tion$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ^? books4 ,i %all beg9 ) ^? two1 res]v+1 :at ,i h to say on ! g5]al "* ( ! m5 call$ prophets to ano!r "p ( ! "w4 ,:oev] w take ! tr\ble ( read+ ! book ascrib$ to ,isaiah1 w f9d x "o ( ! mo/ wild & disord]ly compositions ev] put toge!r2 x has nei!r beg9n+1 middle1 nor end2 &1 except a %ort hi/orical "p1 & a few sket*es ( hi/ory 9 ! fir/ two or ?ree *apt]s1 is "o cont9u$ incoh]5t1 bomba/ical rant1 full ( extravagant metaphor1 )\t application1 & de/itute ( mean+2 a s*ool-boy w\ld sc>cely h be5 excusable = writ+ su* /uff2 x is 7at lea/ 9 translation7 t k9d ( composition & false ta/e t is prop]ly call$ prose run mad4 ,! hi/orical "p beg9s at *apt] xxxvi41 & is cont9u$ to ! end ( *apt] xxxix4 ,x relates "s matt]s t are said to h pass$ dur+ ! reign ( ,hezekiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 at :i* "t ,isaiah liv$4 ,?is fragm5t ( hi/ory beg9s & ends abruptly2 x has n ! lea/ connection ) ! *apt] t prec$es x1 nor ) t :i* foll[s x1 nor ) any o!r 9 ! book4 ,x is probable t ,isaiah wrote ?is fragm5t himself1 because he 0 an actor 9 ! circum/ances x treats (2 b except ?is "p !re are sc>cely two *apt]s t h any connection ) ea* o!r4 ,"o is entitl$1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! fir/ v]se1 ! burd5 ( ,babylon2 ano!r1 ! burd5 ( ,moab2 ano!r1 ! burd5 ( ,damascus2 ano!r1 ! burd5 ( ,egypt2 ano!r1 ! burd5 ( ! ,des]t ( ! ,sea2 ano!r1 ! burd5 ( ! ,valley ( ,vision3 z y w\ld say ! /ory ( ! ,knight ( ! ,burn+ ,m\nta91 ! /ory ( ,c9d]ella1 or ! glass5 slipp]1 ! /ory ( ! ,sleep+ ,beauty 9 ! ,wood1 etc41 etc4 ,i h already %[n1 9 ! in/ance ( ! la/ two v]ses ( #b ,*ronicles1 & ! fir/ ?ree 9 ,ezra1 t ! compil]s ( ! ,bible mix$ & conf\nd$ ! writ+s ( diff]5t au?ors ) ea* o!r2 :i* alone1 7 !re no o!r cause1 is suffici5t to de/roy ! au!nticity ( an compilation1 because x is m ?an presumptive evid5ce t ! compil]s are ignorant :o ! au?ors 74 ,a v gl>+ in/ance ( ?is occurs 9 ! book ascrib$ to ,isaiah3 ! latt] "p ( ! #dd? *apt]1 & ! beg9n+ ( ! #de?1 s f> f hav+ be5 writt5 by ,isaiah1 c\ld only h be5 writt5 by "s p]son :o liv$ at lea/ an hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ,isaiah 0 dead4 ,^! *apt]s are a complim5t to ,cyrus1 :o p]mitt$ ! ,jews to return to ,j]usalem f ! ,babylonian captivity1 to rebuild ,j]usalem & ! temple1 z is /at$ 9 ,ezra4 ,! la/ v]se ( ! #dd? *apt]1 & ! beg9n+ ( ! #de? ,isaiah are 9 ! foll[+ words3 8,t sai? ( ,cyrus1 he is my %eph]d1 & %all p]=m all my pleasure2 ev5 say+ to ,j]usalem1 ?\ %alt be built2 & to ! temple ?y f\ndations %all be laid3 ?us sai? ! ,"l to 8 eno9t$1 to ,cyrus1 ^: "r h& ,i h hold5 to subdue nations be=e him1 & ,i w loose ! lo9s ( k+s to op5 be=e him ! two-leav$ gates1 & ! gates %all n be %ut2 ,i w g be=e !e10 etc4 ,:at audacity ( *ur* & prie/ly ignorance x is to impose ?is book ^u ! _w z ! writ+ ( ,isaiah1 :5 ,isaiah1 accord+ to _! own *ronology1 di$ soon aft] ! dea? ( ,hezekiah1 :i* 0 ,b4,c4 #fih2 & ! decree ( ,cyrus1 9 fav\r ( ! ,jews return+ to ,j]usalem1 01 accord+ to ! same *ronology1 ,b4,c4 #ecf2 :i* is a di/ance ( "t betwe5 ! two ( #afb ye>s4 ,i d n suppose t ! compil]s ( ! ,bible made ^! books1 b r t !y pick$ up "s loose1 anonym\s essays1 & put !m toge!r "u ! names ( su* au?ors z be/ suit$ _! purpose4 ,!y h enc\rag$ ! imposition1 :i* is next to inv5t+ x2 = x 0 impossible b !y mu/ h obs]v$ x4 ,:5 we see ! /udi$ craft ( ! scripture-mak]s1 9 mak+ e "p ( ?is romantic book ( s*ool-boy's eloqu5ce b5d to ! mon/r\s idea ( a ,son ( ,god1 begott5 by a gho/ on ! body ( a virg91 !re is no imposition we are n ju/ifi$ 9 suspect+ !m (4 ,e phrase & circum/ance are m>k$ ) ! b>b>\s h& ( sup]/iti\s torture1 & =c$ into mean+s x 0 impossible !y c\ld h4 ,! head ( e *apt]1 & ! top ( e page1 are blazon$ ) ! names ( ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur*1 t ! unw>y read] might suck 9 ! error be=e he began to read4 ,behold a virg9 %all conceive1 & be> a son 7,isa4 vii4 ,i#d71 has be5 int]pret$ to mean ! p]son call$ ,jesus ,*ri/1 & 8 "m ,m>y1 & has be5 e*o$ ?r\gh *ri/5dom = m ?an a ?\s& ye>s2 & su* has be5 ! rage ( ?is op9ion1 t sc>cely a spot 9 x b has be5 /a9$ ) blood & m>k$ ) desolation 9 consequ5ce ( x4 ,?\gh x is n my int5tion to ent] into controv]sy on subjects ( ?is k9d1 b to conf9e myself to %[ t ! ,bible is spuri\s1--& ?us1 by tak+ away ! f\ndation1 to ov]?r[ at once ! :ole /ructure ( sup]/ition rais$ !reon1--,i w h[ev] /op a mom5t to expose ! fallaci\s application ( ?is passage4 ,:e!r ,isaiah 0 play+ a trick ) ,ahaz1 k+ ( ,judah1 to :om ?is passage is spok51 is no bus9ess ( m9e2 ,i mean only to %[ ! misapplication ( ! passage1 & t x has no m ref]5ce to ,*ri/ & 8 "m1 ?an x has to me & my "m4 ,! /ory is simply ?is3 ,! k+ ( ,syria & ! k+ ( ,israel 7,i h already m5tion$ t ! ,jews 7 split into two nations1 "o ( :i* 0 call$ ,judah1 ! capital ( :i* 0 ,j]usalem1 & ! o!r ,israel7 made w> jo9tly aga9/ ,ahaz1 k+ ( ,judah1 & m>*$ _! armies t[>ds ,j]usalem4 ,ahaz & 8 p became al>m$1 & ! acc\nt says 7,is4 vii4 #b71 ,_! he>ts 7 mov$ z ! trees ( ! wood are mov$ ) ! w9d4 ,9 ?is situation ( ?+s1 ,isaiah addresses himself to ,ahaz1 & assures him 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l 7! cant phrase ( all ! prophets7 t ^! two k+s %\ld n succe$ aga9/ him2 & to satisfy ,ahaz t ?is %\ld be ! case1 tells him to ask a sign4 ,?is1 ! acc\nt says1 ,ahaz decl9$ do+2 giv+ z a reason t he w\ld n tempt ! ,"l2 ^u :i* ,isaiah1 :o is ! speak]1 says1 v]4 #ad1 8,!re=e ! ,"l himself %all give y a sign2 behold a virg9 %all conceive & be> a son20 & ! #af? v]se says1 8,& be=e ?is *ild %all "k to refuse ! evil1 & *oose ! good1 ! l& :i* ?\ abhorre/ or dreade/ mean+ ,syria & ! k+dom ( ,israel %all be =sak5 ( bo? h] k+s40 ,"h !n 0 ! sign1 & ! "t limit$ = ! completion ( ! assurance or promise2 namely1 be=e ?is *ild %all "k to refuse ! evil & *oose ! good4 ,isaiah hav+ committ$ himself ?us f>1 x became necess>y to him1 9 ord] to avoid ! imputation ( be+ a false prophet1 & ! consequ5ces !re(1 to take measures to make ?is sign appe>4 ,x c]ta9ly 0 n a difficult ?+1 9 any "t ( ! _w1 to f9d a girl ) *ild1 or to make h] s2 & p]haps ,isaiah knew ( "o be=eh&2 = ,i d n suppose t ! prophets ( t day 7 any m to be tru/$ ?an ! prie/s ( ?is3 be t1 h[ev]1 z x may1 he says 9 ! next *apt]1 v]4 #b1 8,& ,i took unto me fai?ful witnesses to record1 ,uriah ! prie/1 & ,ze*>iah ! son ( ,jeb]e*iah1 & ,i w5t unto ! prophetess1 & %e conceiv$ & b>e a son40 ,"h !n is ! :ole /ory1 fooli% z x is1 ( ?is *ild & ?is virg92 & x is ^u ! b>efac$ p]v]sion ( ?is /ory t ! book ( ,mat!w1 & ! impud5ce & sordid int]e/ ( prie/s 9 lat] times1 h f\nd$ a !ory1 :i* !y call ! gospel2 & h appli$ ?is /ory to signify ! p]son !y call ,jesus ,*ri/2 begott51 !y say1 by a gho/1 :om !y call holy1 on ! body ( a woman engag$ 9 m>riage1 & aft]w>ds m>ri$1 :om !y call a virg91 sev5 hundr$ ye>s aft] ?is fooli% /ory 0 told2 a !ory :i*1 speak+ = myself1 ,i hesitate n to believe1 & to say1 is z fabul\s & z false z ,god is true4 ,9 ,is4 vii4 #ad1 x is said t ! *ild %\ld be call$ ,immanuel2 b ?is "n 0 n giv5 to ei!r ( ! *ildr51 o!rwise ?an z a "*1 :i* ! ^w signifies4 ,t ( ! prophetess 0 call$ ,mah]-%alalha%-baz1 & t ( ,m>y 0 call$ ,jesus4--,au?or4 ,b to %[ ! imposition & falsehood ( ,isaiah we h only to att5d to ! sequel ( ?is /ory2 :i*1 ?\gh x is pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce 9 ! book ( ,isaiah1 is relat$ 9 #b ,*ronicles1 xxviii2 & :i* is1 t in/ead ( ^! two k+s fail+ 9 _! attempt aga9/ ,ahaz1 k+ ( ,judah1 z ,isaiah _h pret5d$ to =etel 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 !y succe$$3 ,ahaz 0 defeat$ & de/roy$2 an hundr$ & tw5ty ?\s& ( 8 p 7 slaught]$2 ,j]usalem 0 plund]$1 & two hundr$ ?\s& wom5 & sons & daught]s c>ri$ into captivity4 ,?us mu* = ?is ly+ prophet & impo/] ,isaiah1 & ! book ( falsehoods t be>s 8 "n4 ,i pass on to ! book ( ,j]emiah4 ,?is prophet1 z he is call$1 liv$ 9 ! "t t ,nebu*adnezz> besieg$ ,j]usalem1 9 ! reign ( ,z$ekiah1 ! la/ k+ ( ,judah2 & ! suspicion 0 /rong aga9/ him t he 0 a traitor 9 ! int]e/ ( ,nebu*adnezz>4 ,e ?+ relat+ to ,j]emiah %[s him to h be5 a man ( an equivocal "*3 9 8 metaphor ( ! pott] & ! clay1 7*4 xviii47 he gu>ds 8 progno/ications 9 su* a crafty mann] z always to leave himself a door to escape by1 9 case ! ev5t %\ld be contr>y to :at he _h pr$ict$4 ,9 ! #g? & #h? v]ses he makes ! ,almighty to say1 8,at :at in/ant ,i %all speak conc]n+ a nation1 & conc]n+ a k+dom1 to pluck up1 & to pull d[n1 & de/roy x1 if t nation1 aga9/ :om ,i h pron\nc$1 turn f _! evil1 ,i w rep5t me ( ! evil t ,i ?\ght to d unto !m40 ,"h 0 a proviso aga9/ "o side ( ! case3 n[ = ! o!r side4 ,v]ses #i & #aj1 8,at :at in/ant ,i %all speak conc]n+ a nation1 & conc]n+ a k+dom1 to build & to plant x1 if x d evil 9 my sight1 t x obey n my voice1 !n ,i w rep5t me ( ! good :]e) ,i said ,i w\ld b5efit !m40 ,"h is a proviso aga9/ ! o!r side2 &1 accord+ to ?is plan ( prophesy+1 a prophet c\ld nev] be wrong1 h[ev] mi/ak5 ! ,almighty might be4 ,?is sort ( absurd subt]fuge1 & ?is mann] ( speak+ ( ! ,almighty1 z "o w\ld speak ( a man1 is consi/5t ) no?+ b ! /upidity ( ! ,bible4 ,z to ! au!nticity ( ! book1 x is only necess>y to read x 9 ord] to decide positively t1 ?\gh "s passages record$ !re9 may h be5 spok5 by ,j]emiah1 he is n ! au?or ( ! book4 ,! hi/orical p>ts1 if !y c be call$ by t "n1 are 9 ! mo/ confus$ condition2 ! same ev5ts are sev]al times repeat$1 & t 9 a mann] diff]5t1 & sometimes 9 contradiction to ea* o!r2 & ?is disord] runs ev5 to ! la/ *apt]1 :]e ! hi/ory1 ^u :i* ! great] "p ( ! book has be5 employ$1 beg9s anew1 & ends abruptly4 ,! book has all ! appe>ance ( be+ a m$ley ( unconnect$ anecdotes respect+ p]sons & ?+s ( t "t1 collect$ toge!r 9 ! same rude mann] z if ! v>i\s & contradictory acc\nts t are to be f\nd 9 a bundle ( newspap]s1 respect+ p]sons & ?+s ( ! pres5t day1 7 put toge!r )\t date1 ord]1 or explanation4 ,i w give two or ?ree examples ( ?is k9d4 ,x appe>s1 f ! acc\nt ( *apt] xxxvii4 t ! army ( ,nebu*adnezz]1 :i* is call$ ! army ( ! ,*aldeans1 _h besieg$ ,j]usalem "s "t2 & on _! he>+ t ! army ( ,ph>aoh ( ,egypt 0 m>*+ aga9/ !m1 !y rais$ ! siege & retreat$ = a "t4 ,x may "h be prop] to m5tion1 9 ord] to und]/& ?is confus$ hi/ory1 t ,nebu*adnezz> _h besieg$ & tak5 ,j]usalem dur+ ! reign ( ,jehoakim1 ! r$ecessor ( ,z$ekiah2 & t x 0 ,nebu*adnezz> :o _h make ,z$ekiah k+1 or r vic]oy2 & t ?is second siege1 ( :i* ! book ( ,j]emiah treats1 0 9 consequ5ce ( ! revolt ( ,z$ekiah aga9/ ,nebu*adnezz>4 ,?is w 9 "s measure acc\nt = ! suspicion t affixes itself to ,j]emiah ( be+ a traitor1 & 9 ! int]e/ ( ,nebu*adnezz>1--:om ,j]emiah calls1 xliii4 #aj1 ! s]vant ( ,god4 ,*apt] xxxvii4 #aa-ac1 says1 8,& x came to pass1 t1 :5 ! army ( ! ,*aldeans 0 brok5 up f ,j]usalem1 = fe> ( ,ph>aoh's army1 t ,j]emiah w5t =? out ( ,j]usalem1 to g 7z ?is acc\nt /ates7 into ! l& ( ,b5jam91 to sep>ate himself !nce 9 ! mid/ ( ! p2 & :5 he 0 9 ! gate ( ,b5jam9 a capta9 ( ! w>d 0 !re1 ^: "n 0 ,irijah444 & he took ,j]emiah ! prophet1 say+1 ,?\ falle/ away to ! ,*aldeans2 !n ,j]emiah said1 ,x is false2 ,i fall n away to ! ,*aldeans40 ,j]emiah be+ ?us /opt & accus$1 01 aft] be+ exam9$1 committ$ to prison1 on suspicion ( be+ a traitor1 :]e he rema9$1 z is /at$ 9 ! la/ v]se ( ?is *apt]4 ,b ! next *apt] gives an acc\nt ( ! imprisonm5t ( ,j]emiah1 :i* has no connection ) ?is acc\nt1 b ascribes 8 imprisonm5t to ano!r circum/ance1 & = :i* we mu/ g back to *apt] xxi4 ,x is !re /at$1 v]4 #a1 t ,z$ekiah s5t ,pa%ur ! son ( ,mal*iah1 & ,zephaniah ! son ( ,maaseiah ! prie/1 to ,j]emiah1 to enquire ( him conc]n+ ,nebu*adnezz>1 ^: army 0 !n be=e ,j]usalem2 & ,j]emiah said to !m1 v]4 #h1 8,?us sai? ! ,"l1 ,behold ,i set be=e y ! way ( life1 & ! way ( dea?2 he t abide? 9 ?is city %all die by ! sword & by ! fam9e1 & by ! pe/il5ce2 b he t goe? out & falle? to ! ,*aldeans t besiege y1 he %all live1 & 8 life %all be unto him = a prey40 ,?is int]view & conf]5ce breaks (f abruptly at ! end ( ! #aj? v]se ( *apt] xxi42 & su* is ! disord] ( ?is book t we h to pass ov] sixte5 *apt]s ^u v>i\s subjects1 9 ord] to come at ! cont9uation & ev5t ( ?is conf]5ce2 & ?is br+s u to ! fir/ v]se ( *apt] xxxviii41 z ,i h j m5tion$4 ,! *apt] op5s ) say+1 8,!n ,%aphatiah1 ! son ( ,mattan1 ,g$aliah ! son ( ,pa%ur1 & ,jucal ! son ( ,%elemiah1 & ,pa%ur ! son ( ,mal*iah1 7"h are m p]sons m5tion$ ?an 9 *apt] xxi47 he>d ! words t ,j]emiah spoke unto all ! p1 say+1 ,?us sai? ! ,"l1 ,he t rema9e? 9 ?is city1 %all die by ! sword1 by fam9e1 & by ! pe/il5ce2 b he t goe? =? to ! ,*aldeans %all live2 = he %all h 8 life = a prey1 & %all live02 :i* are ! words ( ! conf]5ce2 !re=e1 7say !y to ,z$ekiah17 8,we besee* !e1 let ?is man be put to dea?1 = ?us he weak5e? ! h&s ( ! m5 ( w> t rema9 9 ?is city1 & ! h&s ( all ! p1 9 speak+ su* words unto !m2 = ?is man seeke? n ! welf>e ( ! p1 b ! hurt30 & at ! #f? v]se x is said1 8,!n !y took ,j]emiah1 & put him into ! dungeon ( ,mal*iah40 ,^! two acc\nts are diff]5t & contradictory4 ,! "o ascribes 8 imprisonm5t to 8 attempt to escape out ( ! city2 ! o!r to 8 prea*+ & prophesy+ 9 ! city2 ! "o to 8 be+ seiz$ by ! gu>d at ! gate2 ! o!r to 8 be+ accus$ be=e ,z$ekiah by ! conf]ees4 ,i obs]v$ two *apt]s 9 ,i ,samuel 7xvi4 & xvii47 t contradict ea* o!r ) respect to ,david1 & ! mann] he became acqua9t$ ) ,saul2 z ,j]emiah xxxvii4 & xxxviii4 contradict ea* o!r ) respect to ! cause ( ,j]emiah's imprisonm5t4 ,9 #a ,samuel1 xvi41 x is said1 t an evil _s ( ,god tr\bl$ ,saul1 & t 8 s]vants advis$ him 7z a rem$y7 8to seek out a man :o 0 a cunn+ play] ^u ! h>p40 ,& ,saul said1 v]4 #ag1 8,provide me n[ a man t c play well1 & br+ him to me4 ,!n answ]$ "o ( 8 s]vants1 & said1 ,behold1 ,i h se5 a son ( ,jesse1 ! ,be?lehemite1 t is cunn+ 9 play+1 & a mighty man1 & a man ( w>1 & prud5t 9 matt]s1 & a comely p]son1 & ! ,"l is ) him2 :]e=e ,saul s5t mess5g]s unto ,jesse1 & said1 ,s5d me ,david1 ?y son4 ,& 7v]se #ba7 ,david came to ,saul1 & /ood be=e him1 & he lov$ him greatly1 & he became 8 arm\r-be>]2 & :5 ! evil _s f ,god 0 ^u ,saul1 7v]se #bc7 ,david took 8 h>p1 & play$ ) 8 h&1 & ,saul 0 refre%$1 & 0 well40 ,b ! next *apt] 7xvii47 gives an acc\nt1 all diff]5t to ?is1 ( ! mann] t ,saul & ,david became acqua9t$4 ,"h x is ascrib$ to ,david's enc\nt] ) ,goliah1 :5 ,david 0 s5t by 8 fa!r to c>ry provision to 8 bre?r5 9 ! camp4 ,9 ! #ee? v]se ( ?is *apt] x is said1 8,& :5 ,saul saw ,david g =? aga9/ ! ,phili/9e 7,goliah7 he said to ,abn]1 ! capta9 ( ! ho/1 ,abn]1 ^: son is ?is y\?8 ,& ,abn] said1 ,z ?y s\l live?1 #j k+1 ,i _c tell4 ,& ! k+ said1 ,enquire ?\ ^: son ! /ripl+ is4 ,& z ,david return$ f ! slaught] ( ! ,phili/9e1 ,abn] took him & br\ght him be=e ,saul1 ) ! head ( ! ,phili/9e 9 8 h&2 & ,saul said unto him1 ,^: son art ?\1 ?\ "y man8 ,& ,david answ]$1 ,i am ! son ( ?y s]vant1 ,jesse1 ! ,betblehemite10 ,^! two acc\nts belie ea* o!r1 because ea* ( !m supposes ,saul & ,david n to h kn[n ea* o!r be=e4 ,?is book1 ! ,bible1 is too ridicul\s = criticism4--,au?or4 ,9 ! next *apt] 7,j]4 xxxix47 we h ano!r in/ance ( ! disord]$ /ate ( ?is book2 = not)/&+ ! siege ( ! city by ,nebu*adnezz> has be5 ! subject ( sev]al ( ! prec$+ *apt]s1 p>ticul>ly xxxvii4 & xxxviii41 *apt] xxxix4 beg9s z if n a ^w _h be5 said ^u ! subject1 & z if ! read] 0 /ill to be in=m$ ( e p>ticul> respect+ x2 = x beg9s ) say+1 v]4 #a1 8,9 ! n9? ye> ( ,z$ekiah k+ ( ,judah1 9 ! t5? mon?1 came ,nebu*adnezz> k+ ( ,babylon1 & all 8 army1 aga9/ ,j]usalem1 & besieg$ x10 etc4 ,b ! in/ance 9 ! la/ *apt] 7lii47 is /ill m gl>+2 = ?\gh ! /ory has be5 told ov] & ov] aga91 ?is *apt] /ill supposes ! read] n to "k any?+ ( x1 = x beg9s by say+1 v]4 i1 8,z$ekiah 0 "o & tw5ty ye>s old :5 he began to reign1 & he reign$ elev5 ye>s 9 ,j]usalem1 & 8 "m's "n 0 ,hamutal1 ! daught] ( ,j]emiah ( ,libnah40 7,v]4 #d17 8,& x came to pass 9 ! n9? ye> ( 8 reign1 9 ! t5? mon?1 t ,nebu*adnezz> k+ ( ,babylon came1 he & all 8 army1 aga9/ ,j]usalem1 & pit*$ aga9/ x1 & built =ts aga9/ x10 etc4 ,x is n possible t any "o man1 & m p>ticul>ly ,j]emiah1 c\ld h be5 ! writ] ( ?is book4 ,! errors are su* z c\ld n h be5 committ$ by any p]son sitt+ d[n to compose a "w4 ,7 ,i1 or any o!r man1 to write 9 su* a disord]$ mann]1 no body w\ld read :at 0 writt51 & e body w\ld suppose t ! writ] 0 9 a /ate ( insanity4 ,! only way1 !re=e1 to acc\nt = ! disord] is1 t ! book is a m$ley ( deta*$ unau!nticat$ anecdotes1 put toge!r by "s /upid book-mak]1 "u ! "n ( ,j]emiah2 because _m ( !m ref] to him1 & to ! circum/ances ( ! times he liv$ 94 ,( ! duplicity1 & ( ! false pr$ictions ( ,j]emiah1 ,i %all m5tion two in/ances1 & !n proce$ to review ! rema9d] ( ! ,bible4 ,x appe>s f *apt] xxxviii4 t :5 ,j]emiah 0 9 prison1 ,z$ekiah s5t = him1 & at ?is int]view1 :i* 0 private1 ,j]emiah press$ x /rongly on ,z$ekiah to surr5d] himself to ! enemy4 8,if10 says he1 7v]4 #ag17 8?\ wilt assur$ly g =? unto ! k+ ( ,babylon's pr9ces1 !n ?y s\l %all live10 etc4 ,z$ekiah 0 appreh5sive t :at pass$ at ?is conf]5ce %\ld be kn[n2 & he said to ,j]emiah1 7v]4 #be17 8,if ! pr9ces mean+ ^? ( ,judah he> t ,i h talk$ ) !e1 & !y come unto !e1 & say unto !e1 ,decl>e unto u n[ :at ?\ ha/ said unto ! k+2 hide x n f u1 & we w n put !e to dea?2 & also :at ! k+ said unto !e2 !n ?\ %alt say unto !m1 ,i pres5t$ my supplication be=e ! k+ t he w\ld n cause me to return to ,jona?an's h\se1 to die !re4 ,!n came all ! pr9ces unto ,j]emiah1 & ask$ him1 & 8he told !m accord+ to all ! words ! k+ _h comm&$40 ,?us1 ?is man ( ,god1 z he is call$1 c\ld tell a lie1 or v /rongly prev>icate1 :5 he suppos$ x w\ld answ] 8 purpose2 = c]ta9ly he did n g to ,z$ekiah to make ?is supplication1 nei!r did he make x2 he w5t because he 0 s5t =1 & he employ$ t opportunity to advise ,z$ekiah to surr5d] himself to ,nebu*adnezz>4 ,9 *apt] xxxiv4 #b-e1 is a prophecy ( ,j]emiah to ,z$ekiah 9 ^! words3 8,?us sai? ! ,"l1 ,behold ,i w give ?is city into ! h& ( ! k+ ( ,babylon1 & he w burn x ) fire2 & ?\ %alt n escape out ( 8 h&1 b ?\ %alt surely be tak51 & deliv]$ into 8 h&2 & ?9e eyes %all behold ! eyes ( ! k+ ( ,babylon1 & he %all speak ) !e m\? to m\?1 & ?\ %alt g to ,babylon4 ,yet he> ! ^w ( ! ,"l2 ,o ,z$ekiah1 k+1 ( ,judah1 ?us sai? ! ,"l1 ,?\ %alt n die by ! sword1 b ?\ %alt die 9 ,peace2 & ) ! burn+s ( ?y fa!rs1 ! =m] k+s t 7 be=e !e1 s %all !y burn od\rs = !e1 & !y w lam5t !e1 say+1 ,ah1 ,"l6 = ,i h pron\nc$ ! ^w1 sai? ! ,"l40 ,n[1 in/ead ( ,z$ekiah behold+ ! eyes ( ! k+ ( ,babylon1 & speak+ ) him m\? to m\?1 & dy+ 9 peace1 & ) ! burn+ ( od\rs1 z at ! fun]al ( 8 fa!rs1 7z ,j]emiah _h decl>$ ! ,"l himself _h pron\nc$17 ! rev]se1 accord+ to *apt] ,iii41 #aj1 #aa 0 ! case2 x is !re said1 t ! k+ ( ,babylon slew ! sons ( ,z$ekiah be=e 8 eyes3 !n he put out ! eyes ( ,z$ekiah1 & b\nd him 9 *a9s1 & c>ri$ him to ,babylon1 & put him 9 prison till ! day ( 8 dea?4 ,:at !n c we say ( ^! prophets1 b t !y are impo/ors & li>s8 ,z = ,j]emiah1 he exp]i5c$ none ( ^? evils4 ,he 0 tak5 into fav\r by ,nebu*adnezz>1 :o gave him 9 *>ge to ! capta9 ( ! gu>d 7xxxix1 #ab71 8,take him 7said he7 & look well to him1 & d him no h>m2 b d unto him ev5 z he %all say unto !e40 ,j]emiah jo9$ himself aft]w>ds to ,nebu*adnezz>1 & w5t ab\t prophesy+ = him aga9/ ! ,egyptians1 :o _h m>*$ to ! relief ( ,j]usalem :ile x 0 besieg$4 ,?us mu* = ano!r ( ! ly+ prophets1 & ! book t be>s 8 "n4 ,i h be5 ! m p>ticul> 9 treat+ ( ! books ascrib$ to ,isaiah & ,j]emiah1 because ^? two are spok5 ( 9 ! books ( ,k+s & ,*ronicles1 :i* ! o!rs are n4 ,! rema9d] ( ! books ascrib$ to ! m5 call$ prophets ,i %all n tr\ble myself mu* ab\t2 b take !m collectively into ! obs]vations ,i %all (f] on ! "* ( ! m5 /yl$ prophets4 ,9 ! =m] "p ( ! #8,age ( ,reason1' ,i h said t ! ^w prophet 0 ! ,bible-^w = poet1 & t ! flights & metaphors ( ,jewi% poets h be5 fooli%ly erect$ into :at are n[ call$ prophecies4 ,i am suffici5tly ju/ifi$ 9 ?is op9ion1 n only because ! books call$ ! prophecies are writt5 9 poetical language1 b because !re is no ^w 9 ! ,bible1 except x be ! ^w prophet1 t describes :at we mean by a poet4 ,i h also said1 t ! ^w signifi$ a p]=m] ^u musical in/rum5ts1 ( :i* ,i h giv5 "s in/ances2 su* z t ( a company ( prophets1 prophesy+ ) psalt]ies1 ) tabrets1 ) pipes1 ) h>ps1 etc41 & t ,saul prophesi$ ) !m1 #a ,sam4 x41 #e4 ,x appe>s f ?is passage1 & f o!r p>ts 9 ! book ( ,samuel1 t ! ^w prophet 0 conf9$ to signify poetry & music2 = ! p]son :o 0 suppos$ to h a vision>y insight into conceal$ ?+s1 0 n a prophet b a se]1 ,i "k n :at is ! ,hebrew ^w t corresponds to ! ^w se] 9 ,engli%2 b ,i obs]ve x is translat$ into ,fr5* by ,le ,voyant1 f ! v]b voir to see1 & :i* means ! p]son :o sees1 or ! se]4--,au?or4 ,! ,hebrew ^w = ,se]1 9 #a ,samuel ix41 translit]at$1 is *ozeh1 ! gaz]1 x is translat$ 9 ,is4 xlvii4 #ac1 8! />gaz]s40--,editor4 7i ,sam1 ix4 #i27 & x 0 n till aft] ! ^w se] w5t out ( use 7:i* mo/ probably 0 :5 ,saul bani%$ ^? he call$ wiz>ds7 t ! pr(ession ( ! se]1 or ! art ( see+1 became incorporat$ into ! ^w prophet4 ,accord+ to ! mod]n mean+ ( ! ^w prophet & prophesy+1 x signifies =etell+ ev5ts to a great di/ance ( "t2 & x became necess>y to ! inv5tors ( ! gospel to give x ?is latitude ( mean+1 9 ord] to apply or to /ret* :at !y call ! prophecies ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 to ! times ( ! ,new4 ,b accord+ to ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! prophesy+ ( ! se]1 & aft]w>ds ( ! prophet1 s f> z ! mean+ ( ! ^w 8se]0 0 incorporat$ into t ( prophet1 _h ref]5ce only to ?+s ( ! "t !n pass+1 or v closely connect$ ) x2 su* z ! ev5t ( a battle !y 7 go+ to engage 91 or ( a j\rney1 or ( any ent]prise !y 7 go+ to und]take1 or ( any circum/ance !n p5d+1 or ( any difficulty !y 7 !n 92 all ( :i* _h imm$iate ref]5ce to !mselves 7z 9 ! case already m5tion$ ( ,ahaz & ,isaiah ) respect to ! expression1 ,behold a virg9 %all conceive & be> a son17 & n to any di/ant future "t4 ,x 0 t k9d ( prophesy+ t corresponds to :at we call =tune-tell+2 su* z ca/+ nativities1 pr$ict+ ri*es1 =tunate or un=tunate m>riages1 conjur+ = lo/ goods1 etc42 & x is ! fraud ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 n t ( ! ,jews1 & ! ignorance & ! sup]/ition ( mod]n1 n t ( anci5t times1 t elevat$ ^? poetical1 musical1 conjur+1 dream+1 /roll+ g5try1 into ! rank !y h s9ce _h4 ,b1 besides ?is g5]al "* ( all ! prophets1 !y _h also a p>ticul> "*4 ,!y 7 9 p>ties1 & !y prophesi$ = or aga9/1 accord+ to ! p>ty !y 7 )2 z ! poetical & political writ]s ( ! pres5t day write 9 def5ce ( ! p>ty !y associate ) aga9/ ! o!r4 ,aft] ! ,jews 7 divid$ into two nations1 t ( ,judah & t ( ,israel1 ea* p>ty _h its prophets1 :o abus$ & accus$ ea* o!r ( be+ false prophets1 ly+ prophets1 impo/ors1 etc4 ,! prophets ( ! p>ty ( ,judah prophesi$ aga9/ ! prophets ( ! p>ty ( ,israel2 & ^? ( ! p>ty ( ,israel aga9/ ^? ( ,judah4 ,?is p>ty prophesy+ %[$ itself imm$iately on ! sep>ation "u ! fir/ two rival k+s1 ,rehoboam & ,j]oboam4 ,! prophet t curs$1 or prophesi$ aga9/ ! alt> t ,j]oboam _h built 9 ,be!l1 0 ( ! p>ty ( ,judah1 :]e ,rehoboam 0 k+2 & he 0 way-laid on 8 return home by a prophet ( ! p>ty ( ,israel1 :o said unto him 7i ,k+s xiii47 8,art ?\ ! man ( ,god t came f ,judah8 & he said1 ,i am40 ,!n ! prophet ( ! p>ty ( ,israel said to him 8,i am a prophet also1 z ?\ art1 signify+ ( ,judah1 & an angel spake unto me by ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 say+1 ,br+ him back ) !e unto ?9e h\se1 t he may eat bread & dr9k wat]2 b 7says ! #ah? v]se7 he li$ unto him40 ,! ev5t1 h[ev]1 accord+ to ! /ory1 is1 t ! prophet ( ,judah nev] got back to ,judah2 = he 0 f\nd dead on ! road by ! contrivance ( ! prophet ( ,israel1 :o no d\bt 0 call$ a true prophet by 8 own p>ty1 & ! prophet ( ,judah a ly+ prophet4 ,9 #b ,k+s1 iii41 a /ory is relat$ ( prophesy+ or conjur+ t %ews1 9 sev]al p>ticul>s1 ! "* ( a prophet4 ,jeho%aphat k+ ( ,judah1 & ,joram k+ ( ,israel1 _h = a :ile ceas$ _! p>ty animosity1 & ent]$ into an alliance2 & ^! two1 toge!r ) ! k+ ( ,edom1 engag$ 9 a w> aga9/ ! k+ ( ,moab4 ,aft] unit+ & m>*+ _! armies1 ! /ory says1 !y 7 9 great di/ress = wat]1 ^u :i* ,jeho%aphat said1 8,is !re n "h a prophet ( ! ,"l1 t we may enquire ( ! ,"l by him8 & "o ( ! s]vants ( ! k+ ( ,israel said "h is ,eli%a4 ,eli%a 0 ( ! p>ty ( ,judah4 ,& ,jeho%aphat ! k+ ( ,judah said1 ,! ^w ( ! ,"l is ) him40 ,! /ory !n says1 t ^! ?ree k+s w5t d[n to ,eli%a2 & :5 ,eli%a :o1 z ,i h said1 0 a ,judahmite prophet saw ! ,k+ ( ,israel1 he said unto him1 8,:at h ,i to d ) !e1 get !e to ! prophets ( ?y fa!r & ! prophets ( ?y "m4 ,nay b1 said ! k+ ( ,israel1 ! ,"l ha? call$ ^! ?ree k+s toge!r1 to deliv] !m into ! h&s ( ! k+ ( ,moab10 7mean+ because ( ! di/ress !y 7 9 = wat]27 ^u :i* ,eli%a said1 8,z ! ,"l ( ho/s live? be=e :om ,i /&1 surely1 7 x n t ,i reg>d ! pres5ce ( ,jeho%aphat1 k+ ( ,judah1 ,i w\ld n look t[>ds !e nor see !e40 ,"h is all ! v5om & vulg>ity ( a p>ty prophet4 ,we are n[ to see ! p]=mance1 or mann] ( prophesy+4 ,v]4 #ae4 8#8,br+ me1' 7said ,eli%a71 #8a m9/rel'2 & x came to pass1 :5 ! m9/rel play$1 t ! h& ( ! ,"l came ^u him40 ,"h is ! f>ce ( ! conjur]4 ,n[ = ! prophecy3 8,& ,eli%a said1 s++ mo/ probably to ! tune he 0 play+1 ,?us sai? ! ,"l1 ,make ?is valley full ( dit*es20 :i* 0 j tell+ !m :at e c\ntryman c\ld h told !m )\t ei!r fiddle or f>ce1 t ! way to get wat] 0 to dig = x4 ,b z e conjuror is n fam\s alike = ! same ?+1 s nei!r 7 ^? prophets2 = ?\gh all ( !m1 at lea/ ^? ,i h spok5 (1 7 fam\s = ly+1 "s ( !m excell$ 9 curs+4 ,eli%a1 :om ,i h j m5tion$1 0 a *ief 9 ?is bran* ( prophesy+2 x 0 he t curs$ ! =ty-two *ildr5 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 :om ! two %e-be>s came & dev\r$4 ,we are to suppose t ^? *ildr5 7 ( ! p>ty ( ,israel2 b z ^? :o w curse w lie1 !re is j z mu* cr$it to be giv5 to ?is /ory ( ,eli%a's two %e-be>s z !re is to t ( ! ,dragon ( ,wantley1 ( :om x is said3 ,poor *ildr5 ?ree dev\r$ be1 ,t c\ld n ) him grapple2 ,& at "o sup he eat !m up1 ,z a man w\ld eat an apple4 ,!re 0 ano!r description ( m5 call$ prophets1 t amus$ !mselves ) dreams & visions2 b :e!r by night or by day we "k n4 ,^!1 if !y 7 n q h>mless1 7 b little mis*iev\s4 ,( ?is class are1 ,,ezekiel & ,,daniel2 & ! fir/ "q ^u ^! books1 z ^u all ! o!rs1 is1 ,are !y g5u9e8 t is1 7 !y writt5 by ,ezekiel & ,daniel8 ,( ?is !re is no pro(2 b s f> z my own op9ion goes1 ,i am m incl9$ to believe !y 71 ?an t !y 7 n4 ,my reasons = ?is op9ion are z foll[s3 ,fir/1 ,because ^? books d n conta9 int]nal evid5ce to prove !y 7 n writt5 by ,ezekiel & ,daniel1 z ! books ascrib$ to ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 ,samuel1 etc41 prove !y 7 n writt5 by ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 ,samuel1 etc4 ,secondly1 ,because !y 7 n writt5 till aft] ! ,babyloni% captivity began2 & !re is good reason to believe t n any book 9 ! bible 0 writt5 be=e t p]iod2 at lea/ x is proveable1 f ! books !mselves1 z ,i h already %[n1 t !y 7 n writt5 till aft] ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,jewi% mon>*y4 ,?irdly1 ,because ! mann] 9 :i* ! books ascrib$ to ,ezekiel & ,daniel are writt51 agrees ) ! condition ^! m5 7 9 at ! "t ( writ+ !m4 ,_h ! num]\s comm5tators & prie/s1 :o h fooli%ly employ$ or wa/$ _! "t 9 pret5d+ to exp\nd & unriddle ^? books1 be5 c>r$ into captivity1 z ,ezekiel & ,daniel 71 x w\ld greatly h improv$ _! intellects 9 compreh5d+ ! reason = ?is mode ( writ+1 & h sav$ !m ! tr\ble ( rack+ _! inv5tion1 z !y h done to no purpose2 = !y w\ld h f\nd t !mselves w\ld be oblig$ to write :atev] !y _h to write1 respect+ _! own affairs1 or ^? ( _! fri5ds1 or ( _! c\ntry1 9 a conceal$ mann]1 z ^? m5 h done4 ,^! two books diff] f all ! re/2 = x is only ^! t are fill$ ) acc\nts ( dreams & visions3 & ?is diff]5ce arose f ! situation ! writ]s 7 9 z prison]s ( w>1 or prison]s ( /ate1 9 a =eign c\ntry1 :i* oblig$ !m to convey ev5 ! mo/ trifl+ in=mation to ea* o!r1 & all _! political projects or op9ions1 9 obscure & metaphorical t]ms4 ,!y pret5d to h dream$ dreams1 & se5 visions1 because x 0 unsafe = !m to speak facts or pla9 language4 ,we ought1 h[ev]1 to suppose1 t ! p]sons to :om !y wrote und]/ood :at !y meant1 & t x 0 n int5d$ anybody else %\ld4 ,b ^! busy comm5tators & prie/s h be5 puzzl+ _! wits to f9d out :at x 0 n int5d$ !y %\ld "k1 & ) :i* !y h no?+ to d4 ,ezekiel & ,daniel 7 c>ri$ prison]s to ,babylon1 "u ! fir/ captivity1 9 ! "t ( ,jehoiakim1 n9e ye>s be=e ! second captivity 9 ! "t ( ,z$ekiah4 ,! ,jews 7 !n /ill num]\s1 & _h consid]able =ce at ,j]usalem2 & z x is natural to suppose t m5 9 ! situation ( ,ezekiel & ,daniel w\ld be m$itat+ ! recov]y ( _! c\ntry1 & _! own deliv]ance1 x is reasonable to suppose t ! acc\nts ( dreams & visions ) :i* ^! books are fill$1 are no o!r ?an a disguis$ mode ( correspond5ce to facilitate ^? objects3 x s]v$ !m z a cyph]1 or secret alphabet4 ,if !y are n ?is1 !y are tales1 rev]ies1 & nons5se2 or at lea/ a fanciful way ( we>+ (f ! we>isom5ess ( captivity2 b ! presumption is1 !y are ! =m]4 ,ezekiel beg9s 8 book by speak+ ( a vision ( *]ubims1 & ( a :eel )9 a :eel1 :i* he says he saw by ! riv] ,*eb>1 9 ! l& ( 8 captivity4 ,is x n reasonable to suppose t by ! *]ubims he meant ! temple at ,j]usalem1 :]e !y _h figures ( *]ubims8 & by a :eel )9 a :eel 7:i* z a figure has always be5 und]/ood to signify political contrivance7 ! project or means ( recov]+ ,j]usalem8 ,9 ! latt] "p ( 8 book he supposes himself transport$ to ,j]usalem1 & into ! temple2 & he ref]s back to ! vision on ! riv] ,*eb>1 & says1 7xliii- #c17 t ?is la/ vision 0 l ! vision on ! riv] ,*eb>2 :i* indicates t ^? pret5d$ dreams & visions _h = _! object ! recov]y ( ,j]usalem1 & no?+ fur!r4 ,z to ! romantic int]pretations & applications1 wild z ! dreams & visions !y und]take to expla91 :i* comm5tators & prie/s h made ( ^? books1 t ( conv]t+ !m into ?+s :i* !y call prophecies1 & mak+ !m b5d to times & circum/ances z f> remote ev5 z ! pres5t day1 x %[s ! fraud or ! extreme folly to :i* cr$ulity or prie/craft c g4 ,sc>cely any?+ c be m absurd ?an to suppose t m5 situat$ z ,ezekiel & ,daniel 71 ^: c\ntry 0 ov]-run1 & 9 ! possession ( ! enemy1 all _! fri5ds & relations 9 captivity abroad1 or 9 slav]y at home1 or massacr$1 or 9 cont9ual dang] ( x2 sc>cely any ?+1 ,i say1 c be m absurd ?an to suppose t su* m5 %\ld f9d no?+ to d b t ( employ+ _! "t & _! ?\ghts ab\t :at 0 to happ5 to o!r nations a ?\s& or two ?\s& ye>s aft] !y 7 dead2 at ! same "t no?+ m natural ?an t !y %\ld m$itate ! recov]y ( ,j]usalem1 & _! own deliv]ance2 & t ?is 0 ! sole object ( all ! obscure & app>5tly frantic writ+ conta9$ 9 ^? books4 ,9 ?is s5se ! mode ( writ+ us$ 9 ^? two books be+ =c$ by necessity1 & n adopt$ by *oice1 is n irrational2 b1 if we are to use ! books z prophecies1 !y are false4 ,9 ,ezekiel xxix4 #aa41 speak+ ( ,egypt1 x is said1 8,no foot ( man %all pass ?r\gh x1 nor foot ( bea/ pass ?r\gh x2 nei!r %all x be inhabit$ = =ty ye>s40 ,?is is :at nev] came to pass1 & consequ5tly x is false1 z all ! books ,i h already review$ are4--,i "h close ?is "p ( ! subject4 ,9 ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason' ,i h spok5 ( ,jonah1 & ( ! /ory ( him & ! :ale4--,a fit /ory = ridicule1 if x 0 writt5 to be believ$2 or ( laught]1 if x 0 int5d$ to try :at cr$ulity c\ld swall[2 =1 if x c\ld swall[ ,jonah & ! :ale x c\ld swall[ any?+4 ,b1 z is already %[n 9 ! obs]vations on ! book ( ,job & ( ,prov]bs1 x is n always c]ta9 :i* ( ! books 9 ! ,bible are orig9ally ,hebrew1 or only translations f ! books ( ! ,g5tiles into ,hebrew2 &1 z ! book ( ,jonah1 s f> f treat+ ( ! affairs ( ! ,jews1 says no?+ ^u t subject1 b treats altoge!r ( ! ,g5tiles1 x is m probable t x is a book ( ! ,g5tiles ?an ( ! ,jews1 ,i h read 9 an anci5t ,p]sian poem 7,saadi1 ,i believe1 b h mislaid ! ref]5ce7 ?is phrase3 8,& n[ ! :ale swall[$ ,jonah3 ! sun set40--,editor4 & t x has be5 writt5 z a fable to expose ! nons5se1 & satyrize ! vici\s & malignant "*1 ( a ,bible-prophet1 or a pr$ict+ prie/4 ,jonah is repres5t$1 fir/ z a disob$i5t prophet1 runn+ away f 8 mission1 & tak+ %elt] abo>d a vessel ( ! ,g5tiles1 b\nd f ,joppa to ,t>%i%2 z if he ignorantly suppos$1 by su* a paltry contrivance1 he c\ld hide himself :]e ,god c\ld n f9d him4 ,! vessel is ov]tak5 by a /orm at sea2 & ! m>9]s1 all ( :om are ,g5tiles1 believ+ x to be a judgem5t on acc\nt ( "s "o on bo>d :o _h committ$ a crime1 agre$ to ca/ lots to discov] ! (f5d]2 & ! lot fell ^u ,jonah4 ,b be=e ?is !y _h ca/ all _! w>es & m]*&ise ov]-bo>d to light5 ! vessel1 :ile ,jonah1 l a /upid fell[1 0 fa/ asleep 9 ! hold4 ,aft] ! lot _h designat$ ,jonah to be ! (f5d]1 !y que/ion$ him to "k :o & :at he 08 & he told !m he 0 an ,hebrew2 & ! /ory implies t he confess$ himself to be guilty4 ,b ^! ,g5tiles1 in/ead ( sacrific+ him at once )\t pity or m]cy1 z a company ( ,bible-prophets or prie/s w\ld h done by a ,g5tile 9 ! same case1 & z x is relat$ ,samuel _h done by ,agag1 & ,moses by ! wom5 & *ildr51 !y endeav\r$ to save him1 ?\gh at ! risk ( _! own lives3 = ! acc\nt says1 8,nev]!less t is1 ?\gh ,jonah 0 a ,jew & a =eign]1 & ! cause ( all _! mis=tunes1 & ! loss ( _! c>go ! m5 r[$ h>d to br+ ! boat to l&1 b !y c\ld n1 = ! sea wr\ght & 0 tempe/u\s aga9/ !m40 ,/ill h[ev] !y 7 unwill+ to put ! fate ( ! lot into execution2 & !y cri$1 says ! acc\nt1 unto ! ,"l1 say+1 8,we besee* !e1 ,o ,"l1 let u n p]i% = ?is man's life1 & lay n ^u u innoc5t blood2 = ?\1 ,o ,"l1 ha/ done z x pleas$ !e40 ,mean+ !reby1 t !y did n presume to judge ,jonah guilty1 s9ce t he might be innoc5t2 b t !y consid]$ ! lot t _h fall5 ^u him z a decree ( ,god1 or z x pleas$ ,god4 ,! address ( ?is pray] %[s t ! ,g5tiles wor%ipp$ "o ,supreme ,be+1 & t !y 7 n idolat]s z ! ,jews repres5t$ !m to be4 ,b ! /orm /ill cont9u+1 & ! dang] encreas+1 !y put ! fate ( ! lot into execution1 & ca/ ,jonah 9 ! sea2 :]e1 accord+ to ! /ory1 a great fi% swall[$ him up :ole & alive6 ,we h n[ to consid] ,jonah securely h\s$ f ! /orm 9 ! fi%'s belly4 ,"h we are told t he pray$2 b ! pray] is a made-up pray]1 tak5 f v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,psalms1 )\t connection or consi/5cy1 & adapt$ to ! di/ress1 b n at all to ! condition t ,jonah 0 94 ,x is su* a pray] z a ,g5tile1 :o might "k some?+ ( ! ,psalms1 c\ld copy out = him4 ,?is circum/ance alone1 7 !re no o!r1 is suffici5t to indicate t ! :ole is a made-up /ory4 ,! pray]1 h[ev]1 is suppos$ to h answ]$ ! purpose1 & ! /ory goes on1 7tak+-(f at ! same "t ! cant language ( a ,bible-prophet17 say+1 8,! ,"l spake unto ! fi%1 & x vomit$ out ,jonah ^u dry l&40 ,jonah !n receiv$ a second mission to ,n9eveh1 ) :i* he sets out2 & we h n[ to consid] him z a prea*]4 ,! di/ress he is repres5t$ to h suff]$1 ! remembrance ( 8 own disob$i5ce z ! cause ( x1 & ! miracul\s escape he is suppos$ to h _h1 7 suffici5t1 "o w\ld conceive1 to h impress$ him ) sympa?y & b5evol5ce 9 ! execution ( 8 mission2 b1 in/ead ( ?is1 he ent]s ! city ) d5unciation & mal$iction 9 8 m\?1 cry+1 8,yet =ty days1 & ,n9eveh %all be ov]?r[n40 ,we h n[ to consid] ?is suppos$ mission>y 9 ! la/ act ( 8 mission2 & "h x is t ! malevol5t _s ( a ,bible-prophet1 or ( a pr$ict+ prie/1 appe>s 9 all t blackness ( "* t m5 ascribe to ! be+ !y call ! devil4 ,hav+ publi%$ 8 pr$ictions1 he )drew1 says ! /ory1 to ! ea/ side ( ! city4--,b = :at8 n to contemplate 9 retirem5t ! m]cy ( 8 ,creator to himself or to o!rs1 b to wait1 ) malignant impati5ce1 ! de/ruction ( ,n9eveh4 ,x came to pass1 h[ev]1 z ! /ory relates1 t ! ,n9evites re=m$1 & t ,god1 accord+ to ! ,bible phrase1 rep5t$ him ( ! evil he _h said he w\ld d unto !m1 & did x n4 ,?is1 sai? ! fir/ v]se ( ! la/ *apt]1 displeas$ ,jonah exce$+ly & he 0 v angry4 ,8 obdurate he>t w\ld r t all ,n9eveh %\ld be de/roy$1 & e s\l1 "y & old1 p]i% 9 its ru9s1 ?an t 8 pr$iction %\ld n be fulfill$4 ,to expose ! "* ( a prophet /ill m1 a g\rd is made to gr[ up 9 ! night1 t promises him an agreeable %elt] f ! heat ( ! sun1 9 ! place to :i* he is retir$2 & ! next morn+ x dies4 ,"h ! rage ( ! prophet becomes excessive1 & he is ready to de/roy himself4 8,x is bett]1 said he1 = me to die ?an to live40 ,?is br+s on a suppos$ expo/ulation betwe5 ! ,almighty & ! prophet2 9 :i* ! =m] says1 8,doe/ ?\ well to be angry = ! g\rd8 ,& ,jonah said1 ,i d well to be angry ev5 unto dea?4 ,!n said ! ,"l1 ,?\ ha/ _h pity on ! g\rd1 = :i* ?\ ha/ n lab\r$1 nei!r made/ x to gr[1 :i* came up 9 a night1 & p]i%$ 9 a night2 & %\ld n ,i sp>e ,n9eveh1 t great city1 9 :i* are m ?an ?reescore ?\s& p]sons1 t _c disc]n betwe5 _! "r h& & _! left80 ,"h is bo? ! w9d+ up ( ! satire1 & ! moral ( ! fable4 ,z a satire1 x /rikes aga9/ ! "* ( all ! ,bible-prophets1 & aga9/ all ! indiscrim9ate judgem5ts ^u m51 wom5 & *ildr51 ) :i* ?is ly+ book1 ! bible1 is cr[d$2 su* z ,noah's flood1 ! de/ruction ( ! cities ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah1 ! extirpation ( ! ,canaanites1 ev5 to suckl+ infants1 & wom5 ) *ild2 because ! same reflection #8t !re are m ?an ?reescore ?\s& p]sons t _c disc]n betwe5 _! "r h& & _! left1' mean+ "y *ildr51 applies to all _! cases4 ,x satirizes also ! suppos$ p>tiality ( ! ,creator = "o nation m ?an = ano!r4 ,z a moral1 x prea*es aga9/ ! malevol5t _s ( pr$iction2 = z c]ta9ly z a man pr$icts ill1 he becomes incl9$ to wi% x4 ,! pride ( hav+ 8 judgm5t "r h>d5s 8 he>t1 till at la/ he beholds ) satisfaction1 or sees ) disappo9tm5t1 ! accompli%m5t or ! failure ( 8 pr$ictions4--,?is book ends ) ! same k9d ( /rong & well-direct$ po9t aga9/ prophets1 prophecies & indiscrim9ate judgem5ts1 z ! *apt] t ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 made = ! ,bible1 ab\t ,abraham & ! /rang]1 ends aga9/ ! intol]ant _s ( religi\s p]secutions--,?us mu* = ! book ,jonah4 ,! /ory ( ,abraham & ! ,fire-wor%ipp]1 ascrib$ to ,frankl91 is f ,saadi4 7,see my 8,sacr$ ,an?ology10 p4 #fa47 ,pa9e has (t5 be5 call$ a 8m]e sc(f]10 b he seems to h be5 among ! fir/ to treat ) dignity ! book ( ,jonah1 s especially liable to ! ridicule ( sup]ficial read]s1 & disc]n 9 x ! highe/ conception ( ,deity kn[n to ! ,old ,te/am5t4--,editor4 ,( ! poetical p>ts ( ! ,bible1 t are call$ prophecies1 ,i h spok5 9 ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason1' & already 9 ?is1 :]e ,i h said t ! ^w = prophet is ! ,bible-^w = ,poet1 & t ! flights & metaphors ( ^? poets1 _m ( :i* h become obscure by ! lapse ( "t & ! *ange ( circum/ances1 h be5 ridicul\sly erect$ into ?+s call$ prophecies1 & appli$ to purposes ! writ]s nev] ?\ght (4 ,:5 a prie/ quotes any ( ^? passages1 he unriddles x agreeably to 8 own views1 & imposes t explanation ^u 8 congregation z ! mean+ ( ! writ]4 ,! :ore ( ,babylon has be5 ! common :ore ( all ! prie/s1 & ea* has accus$ ! o!r ( keep+ ! /rumpet2 s well d !y agree 9 _! explanations4 ,!re n[ rema9 only a few books1 :i* !y call books ( ! less] prophets2 & z ,i h already %[n t ! great] are impo/ors1 x w\ld be c[>dice to di/urb ! repose ( ! little ones4 ,let !m sleep1 !n1 9 ! arms ( _! nurses1 ! prie/s1 & bo? be =gott5 toge!r4 ,i h n[ gone ?r\gh ! ,bible1 z a man w\ld g ?r\gh a wood ) an axe on 8 %\ld]1 & fell trees4 ,"h !y lie2 & ! prie/s1 if !y c1 may replant !m4 ,!y may1 p]haps1 /ick !m 9 ! gr\nd1 b !y w nev] make !m gr[4--,i pass on to ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,! ,new ,te/am5t1 !y tell u1 is f\nd$ ^u ! prophecies ( ! ,old2 if s1 x mu/ foll[ ! fate ( its f\ndation4 ,z x is no?+ extraord9>y t a woman %\ld be ) *ild be=e %e 0 m>ri$1 & t ! son %e might br+ =? %\ld be execut$1 ev5 unju/ly1 ,i see no reason = n believ+ t su* a woman z ,m>y1 & su* a man z ,joseph1 & ,jesus1 exi/$2 _! m]e exi/5ce is a matt] ( indiff]5ce1 ab\t :i* !re is no gr\nd ei!r to believe or to disbelieve1 & :i* comes "u ! common head (1 ,x may be s1 & :at !n8 ,! probability h[ev] is t !re 7 su* p]sons1 or at lea/ su* z resembl$ !m 9 "p ( ! circum/ances1 because almo/ all romantic /ories h be5 sugge/$ by "s actual circum/ance2 z ! adv5tures ( ,rob9son ,crusoe1 n a ^w ( :i* is true1 7 sugge/$ by ! case ( ,alex&] ,selkirk4 ,x is n !n ! exi/5ce or ! non-exi/5ce1 ( ! p]sons t ,i tr\ble myself ab\t2 x is ! fable ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 z told 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & ! wild & vision>y doctr9e rais$ !reon1 aga9/ :i* ,i cont5d4 ,! /ory1 tak+ x z x is told1 is blasphem\sly obsc5e4 ,x gives an acc\nt ( a "y woman engag$ to be m>ri$1 & :ile "u ?is engagem5t1 %e is1 to speak pla9 language1 debau*$ by a gho/1 "u ! impi\s pret5ce1 7,luke i4 #ce17 t 8! ,holy ,gho/ %all come ^u !e1 & ! p[] ( ! ,highe/ %all ov]%ad[ !e40 ,not)/&+ :i*1 ,joseph aft]w>ds m>ries h]1 cohabits ) h] z 8 wife1 & 9 8 turn rivals ! gho/4 ,?is is putt+ ! /ory into intelligible language1 & :5 told 9 ?is mann]1 !re is n a prie/ b mu/ be a%am$ to own x4 ,m>y1 ! suppos$ virg91 "m ( ,jesus1 _h sev]al o!r *ildr51 sons & daught]s4 ,see ,matt4 xiii4 #ee1 #ef4--;,au?or4 ,obsc5ity 9 matt]s ( fai?1 h[ev] wrapp$ up1 is always a tok5 ( fable & impo/ure2 = x is necess>y to our s]i\s belief 9 ,god1 t we d n connect x ) /ories t run1 z ?is does1 into ludicr\s int]pretations4 ,?is /ory is1 ^u ! face ( x1 ! same k9d ( /ory z t ( ,jupit] & ,l$a1 or ,jupit] & ,europa1 or any ( ! amor\s adv5tures ( ,jupit]2 & %ews1 z is already /at$ 9 ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason1' t ! ,*ri/ian fai? is built ^u ! hea!n ,my?ology4 ,z ! hi/orical p>ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 s f> z conc]ns ,jesus ,*ri/1 are conf9$ to a v %ort space ( "t1 less ?an two ye>s1 & all )9 ! same c\ntry1 & ne>ly to ! same spot1 ! discordance ( "t1 place1 & circum/ance1 :i* detects ! fallacy ( ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & proves !m to be impositions1 _c be expect$ to be f\nd "h 9 ! same abundance4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t comp>$ ) ! ,old1 is l a f>ce ( "o act1 9 :i* !re is n room = v num]\s violations ( ! unities4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "s gl>+ contradictions1 :i*1 exclusive ( ! fallacy ( ! pret5d$ prophecies1 are suffici5t to %[ ! /ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to be false4 ,i lay x d[n z a position :i* _c be controv]t$1 fir/1 t ! agreem5t ( all ! p>ts ( a /ory does n prove t /ory to be true1 because ! p>ts may agree1 & ! :ole may be false2 secondly1 t ! disagreem5t ( ! p>ts ( a /ory proves ! :ole _c be true4 ,! agreem5t does n prove tru?1 b ! disagreem5t proves falsehood positively4 ,! hi/ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is conta9$ 9 ! f\r books ascrib$ to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john4--,! fir/ *apt] ( ,mat!w beg9s ) giv+ a g5ealogy ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 & 9 ! ?ird *apt] ( ,luke !re is also giv5 a g5ealogy ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,did ^! two agree1 x w\ld n prove ! g5ealogy to be true1 because x might nev]!less be a fabrication2 b z !y contradict ea* o!r 9 e p>ticul>1 x proves falsehood absolutely4 ,if ,mat!w speaks tru?1 ,luke speaks falsehood2 & if ,luke speaks tru?1 ,mat!w speaks falsehood3 & z !re is no au?ority = believ+ "o m ?an ! o!r1 !re is no au?ority = believ+ ei!r2 & if !y _c be believ$ ev5 9 ! v fir/ ?+ !y say1 & set out to prove1 !y are n entitl$ to be believ$ 9 any ?+ !y say aft]w>ds4 ,tru? is an uni=m ?+2 & z to inspiration & revelation1 7 we to admit x1 x is impossible to suppose x c be contradictory4 ,ei!r !n ! m5 call$ apo/les 7 impo/]s1 or ! books ascrib$ to !m h be5 writt5 by o!r p]sons1 & fa!r$ ^u !m1 z is ! case 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,! book ( ,mat!w gives 7i4 #f71 a g5ealogy by "n f ,david1 up1 ?r\gh ,joseph1 ! husb& ( ,m>y1 to ,*ri/2 & makes !re to be tw5t eight g5]ations4 ,! book ( ,luke gives also a g5ealogy by "n f ,*ri/1 ?r\gh ,joseph ! husb& ( ,m>y1 d[n to ,david1 & makes !re to be =ty-?ree g5]ations2 besides :i*1 !re is only ! two names ( ,david & ,joseph t are alike 9 ! two li/s4--,i "h ins]t bo? g5ealogical li/s1 & = ! sake ( p]spicuity & comp>ison1 h plac$ !m bo? 9 ! same direction1 t is1 f ,joseph d[n to ,david4 ,g5ealogy1 accord+ to ,g5ealogy1 accord+ to ,mat!w4 ,luke4 ,*ri/ ,*ri/ #b ,joseph #b ,joseph #c ,jacob #c ,heli #d ,mat?an #d ,mat?at #e ,eleaz] #e ,levi #f ,eliud #f ,mel*l #g ,a*im #g ,janna #h ,sadoc #h ,joseph #i ,azor #i ,matta?ias #aj ,eliakim #aj ,amos #aa ,abiud #aa ,naum #ab ,zorobabel #ab ,esli #ac ,sala?iel #ac ,nagge #ad ,je*onias #ad ,maa? #ae ,josias #ae ,matta?ias #af ,amon #af ,semei #ag ,manasses #ag ,joseph #ah ,ezekias #ah ,juda #ai ,a*az #ai ,joanna #bj ,joa?am #bj ,rhesa #ba ,ozias #ba ,zorobabel #bb ,joram #bb ,sala?iel #bc ,josaphat #bc ,n]i #bd ,asa #bd ,mel*i #be ,abia #be ,addi #bf ,roboam #bf ,cosam #bg ,solomon #bg ,elmodam #bh ,david 99 #bh ,er #bi ,jose #cj ,eliez] #ca ,jorim #cb ,mat?at #cc ,levi #cd ,simeon #ce ,juda #cf ,joseph #cg ,jonan #ch ,eliakim #ci ,melea #dj ,m5an #da ,matta?a #db ,na?an #dc ,david ,,note3 99 ,f ! bir? ( ,david to ! bir? ( ,*ri/ is upw>ds ( #ajhj ye>s2 & z ! life-"t ( ,*ri/ is n includ$1 !re are b #bg full g5]ations4 ,to f9d !re=e ! av]age age ( ea* p]son m5tion$ 9 ! li/1 at ! "t 8 fir/ son 0 born1 x is only necess>y to divide #ajhj by #bg1 :i* gives #dj ye>s = ea* p]son4 ,z ! life-"t ( man 0 !n b ( ! same ext5t x is n[1 x is an absurdity to suppose1 t #bg foll[+ g5]ations %\ld all be old ba*elors1 be=e !y m>ri$2 & ! m s1 :5 we are told t ,solomon1 ! next 9 succession to ,david1 _h a h\se full ( wives & mi/resses be=e he 0 tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age4 ,s f> f ?is g5ealogy be+ a solemn tru?1 x is n ev5 a reasonable lie4 ,! li/ ( ,luke gives ab\t tw5ty-six ye>s = ! av]age age1 & ?is is too mu*4--,au?or4 ,n[1 if ^! m51 ,mat!w & ,luke1 set out ) a falsehood betwe5 !m 7z ^! two acc\nts %[ !y d7 9 ! v comm5cem5t ( _! hi/ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ( :o1 & ( :at he 01 :at au?ority 7z ,i h be=e ask$7 is !re left = believ+ ! /range ?+s !y tell u aft]w>ds8 ,if !y _c be believ$ 9 _! acc\nt ( 8 natural g5ealogy1 h[ are we to believe !m :5 !y tell u he 0 ! son ( ,god1 begott5 by a gho/2 & t an angel ann\nc$ ?is 9 secret to 8 "m8 ,if !y li$ 9 "o g5ealogy1 :y are we to believe !m 9 ! o!r8 ,if 8 natural g5ealogy be manufactur$1 :i* x c]ta9ly is1 :y are we n to suppose t 8 cele/ial g5ealogy is manufactur$ also1 & t ! :ole is fabul\s8 ,c any man ( s]i\s reflection haz>d 8 future happ9ess ^u ! belief ( a /ory naturally impossible1 repugnant to e idea ( dec5cy1 & relat$ by p]sons already detect$ ( falsehood8 ,is x n m safe t we /op ourselves at ! pla91 pure1 & unmix$ belief ( "o ,god1 :i* is deism1 ?an t we commit ourselves on an ocean ( improbable1 irrational1 indec5t1 & contradictory tales8 ,! fir/ "q1 h[ev]1 ^u ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 z ^u ^? ( ! ,old1 is1 ,are !y g5u9e8 7 !y writt5 by ! p]sons to :om !y are ascrib$8 ,= x is ^u ?is gr\nd only t ! /range ?+s relat$ !re9 h be5 cr$it$4 ,^u ?is po9t1 !re is no direct pro( = or aga9/2 & all t ?is /ate ( a case proves is d\btfulness2 & d\btfulness is ! opposite ( belief4 ,! /ate1 !re=e1 t ! books are 91 proves aga9/ !mselves z f> z ?is k9d ( pro( c g4 ,b1 exclusive ( ?is1 ! presumption is t ! books call$ ! ,evangeli/s1 & ascrib$ to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john1 7 n writt5 by ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john2 & t !y are impositions4 ,! disord]$ /ate ( ! hi/ory 9 ^! f\r books1 ! sil5ce ( "o book ^u matt]s relat$ 9 ! o!r1 & ! disagreem5t t is to be f\nd among !m1 implies t !y are ! productions ( "s unconnect$ individuals1 _m ye>s aft] ! ?+s !y pret5d to relate1 ea* ( :om made 8 own leg5d2 & n ! writ+s ( m5 liv+ intimately toge!r1 z ! m5 call$ apo/les are suppos$ to h done3 9 f9e1 t !y h be5 manufactur$1 z ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t h be51 by o!r p]sons ?an ^? ^: names !y be>4 ,! /ory ( ! angel ann\nc+ :at ! *ur* calls ! immaculate conception1 is n s mu* z m5tion$ 9 ! books ascrib$ to ,m>k1 & ,john2 & is diff]5tly relat$ 9 ,mat!w & ,luke4 ,! =m] says ! angel1 appe>$ to ,joseph2 ! latt] says1 x 0 to ,m>y2 b ei!r ,joseph or ,m>y 0 ! wor/ evid5ce t c\ld h be5 ?\ght (2 = x 0 o!rs t %\ld h te/ifi$ = !m1 & n !y = !mselves4 ,7 any girl t is n[ ) *ild to say1 & ev5 to swe> x1 t %e 0 gott5 ) *ild by a gho/1 & t an angel told h] s1 w\ld %e be believ$8 ,c]ta9ly %e w\ld n4 ,:y !n are we to believe ! same ?+ ( ano!r girl :om we nev] saw1 told by nobody kn[s :o1 nor :51 nor :]e8 ,h[ /range & inconsi/5t is x1 t ! same circum/ance t w\ld weak5 ! belief ev5 ( a probable /ory1 %\ld be giv5 z a motive = believ+ ?is "o1 t has ^u ! face ( x e tok5 ( absolute impossibility & impo/ure4 ,! /ory ( ,h]od de/roy+ all ! *ildr5 "u two ye>s old1 belongs altoge!r to ! book ( ,mat!w2 n "o ( ! re/ m5tions any?+ ab\t x4 ,_h su* a circum/ance be5 true1 ! univ]sality ( x mu/ h made x kn[n to all ! writ]s1 & ! ?+ w\ld h be5 too /rik+ to h be5 omitt$ by any4 ,?is writ] tell u1 t ,jesus escap$ ?is slaught]1 because ,joseph & ,m>y 7 w>n$ by an angel to flee ) him into ,egypt2 b he =got to make provision = ,john ! ,bapti/1 :o 0 !n "u two ye>s ( age4 ,john1 h[ev]1 :o /aid beh9d1 f>$ z well z ,jesus1 :o fl$2 & !re=e ! /ory circum/antially belies itself4 ,n any two ( ^! writ]s agree 9 recit+1 exactly 9 ! same words1 ! writt5 inscription1 %ort z x is1 :i* !y tell u 0 put ov] ,*ri/ :5 he 0 crucifi$2 & besides ?is1 ,m>k says1 ,he 0 crucifi$ at ! ?ird h\r1 7n9e 9 ! morn+27 & ,john says x 0 ! six? h\r1 7twelve at noon47 ,accord+ to ,john1 7xix4 #ad7 ! s5t5ce 0 n pass$ till ab\t ! six? h\r 7noon17 & consequ5tly ! execution c\ld n be till ! aft]noon2 b ,m>k 7xv4 #be7 ,says expressly t he 0 crucifi$ at ! ?ird h\r1 7n9e 9 ! morn+17--,au?or4 ,! inscription is ?us /at$ 9 ^? books3 ,mat!w--,?is is ,jesus ! k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,m>k--,! k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,luke--,?is is ! k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,john--,jesus ( ,naz>e? ! k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,we may inf] f ^! circum/ances1 trivial z !y are1 t ^? writ]s1 :oev] !y 71 & 9 :atev] "t !y liv$1 7 n pres5t at ! sc5e4 ,! only "o ( ! m5 call$ apo/les :o appe>s to h be5 ne> to ! spot 0 ,pet]1 & :5 he 0 accus$ ( be+ "o ( ,jesus's foll[]s1 x is said1 7,mat!w xxvi4 #gd17 8,!n ,pet] began to curse & to swe>1 say+1 ,i "k n ! man30 yet we are n[ call$ to believe ! same ,pet]1 convict$1 by _! own acc\nt1 ( p]jury4 ,= :at reason1 or on :at au?ority1 %\ld we d ?is8 ,! acc\nts t are giv5 ( ! circum/ances1 t !y tell u att5d$ ! crucifixion1 are diff]5tly relat$ 9 ^? f\r books4 ,! book ascrib$ to ,mat!w says #8!re 0 d>kness ov] all ! l& f ! six? h\r unto ! n9? h\r--t ! veil ( ! temple 0 r5t 9 twa9 f ! top to ! bottom--t !re 0 an e>?quake--t ! rocks r5t--t ! graves op5$1 t ! bodies ( _m ( ! sa9ts t slept arose & came out ( _! graves aft] ! resurrection1 & w5t into ! holy city & appe>$ unto _m4' ,su* is ! acc\nt :i* ?is da%+ writ] ( ! book ( ,mat!w gives1 b 9 :i* he is n support$ by ! writ]s ( ! o!r books4 ,! writ] ( ! book ascrib$ to ,m>k1 9 detail+ ! circum/ances ( ! crucifixion1 makes no m5tion ( any e>?quake1 nor ( ! rocks r5d+1 nor ( ! graves op5+1 nor ( ! dead m5 walk+ out4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,luke is sil5t also ^u ! same po9ts4 ,& z to ! writ] ( ! book ( ,john1 ?\gh he details all ! circum/ances ( ! crucifixion d[n to ! burial ( ,*ri/1 he says no?+ ab\t ei!r ! d>kness--! veil ( ! temple--! e>?quake--! rocks--! graves--nor ! dead m54 ,n[ if x _h be5 true t ^! ?+s _h happ5$1 & if ! writ]s ( ^! books _h liv$ at ! "t !y did happ51 & _h be5 ! p]sons !y are said to be--namely1 ! f\r m5 call$ apo/les1 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john1--x 0 n possible = !m1 z true hi/orians1 ev5 )\t ! aid ( inspiration1 n to h record$ !m4 ,! ?+s1 suppos+ !m to h be5 facts1 7 ( too mu* notoriety n to h be5 kn[n1 & ( too mu* importance n to h be5 told4 ,all ^! suppos$ apo/les mu/ h be5 witnesses ( ! e>?quake1 if !re _h be5 any1 = x 0 n possible = !m to h be5 abs5t f x3 ! op5+ ( ! graves & resurrection ( ! dead m51 & _! walk+ ab\t ! city1 is ( /ill great] importance ?an ! e>?quake4 ,an e>?quake is always possible1 & natural1 & proves no?+2 b ?is op5+ ( ! graves is sup]natural1 & directly 9 po9t to _! doctr9e1 _! cause1 & _! apo/le%ip4 ,_h x be5 true1 x w\ld h fill$ up :ole *apt]s ( ^? books1 & be5 ! *os5 !me & g5]al *orus ( all ! writ]s2 b in/ead ( ?is1 little & trivial ?+s1 & m]e prattl+ conv]sation ( #8he said ?is & %e said t' are (t5 t$i\sly detail$1 :ile ?is mo/ important ( all1 _h x be5 true1 is pass$ (f 9 a slov5ly mann] by a s+le da% ( ! p51 & t by "o writ] only1 & n s mu* z h9t$ at by ! re/4 ,x is an easy ?+ to tell a lie1 b x is difficult to support ! lie aft] x is told4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,mat!w %\ld h told u :o ! sa9ts 7 t came to life aga91 & w5t into ! city1 & :at became ( !m aft]w>ds1 & :o x 0 t saw !m2 = he is n h>dy en\gh to say t he saw !m himself2--:e!r !y came out nak$1 & all 9 natural buff1 he-sa9ts & %e-sa9ts1 or :e!r !y came full dress$1 & :]e !y got _! dresses2 :e!r !y w5t to _! =m] habitations1 & reclaim$ _! wives1 _! husb&s1 & _! prop]ty1 & h[ !y 7 receiv$2 :e!r !y ent]$ ejectm5ts = ! recov]y ( _! possessions1 or br\ght actions ( crim4 con4 aga9/ ! rival int]lop]s2 :e!r !y rema9$ on e>?1 & foll[$ _! =m] occupation ( prea*+ or work+2 or :e!r !y di$ aga91 or w5t back to _! graves alive1 & buri$ !mselves4 ,/range inde$1 t an army ( sa9ts %\ld retum to life1 & nobody "k :o !y 71 nor :o x 0 t saw !m1 & t n a ^w m %\ld be said ^u ! subject1 nor ^! sa9ts h any ?+ to tell u6 ,_h x be5 ! prophets :o 7z we are told7 _h =m]ly prophesi$ ( ^! ?+s1 !y mu/ h _h a great deal to say4 ,!y c\ld h told u ev]y?+1 & we %\ld h _h po/hum\s prophecies1 ) notes & comm5t>ies ^u ! fir/1 a little bett] at lea/ ?an we h n[4 ,_h x be5 ,moses1 & ,a>on1 & ,jo%ua1 & ,samuel1 & ,david1 n an unconv]t$ ,jew _h rema9$ 9 all ,j]usalem4 ,_h x be5 ,john ! ,bapti/1 & ! sa9ts ( ! times !n pres5t1 ev]ybody w\ld h kn[n !m1 & !y w\ld h out-prea*$ & out-fam$ all ! o!r apo/les4 ,b1 in/ead ( ?is1 ^! sa9ts are made to pop up1 l ,jonah's g\rd 9 ! night1 = no purpose at all b to )] 9 ! morn+4--,?us mu* = ?is "p ( ! /ory4 ,! tale ( ! resurrection foll[s t ( ! crucifixion2 & 9 ?is z well z 9 t1 ! writ]s1 :oev] !y 71 disagree s mu* z to make x evid5t t none ( !m 7 !re4 ,! book ( ,mat!w /ates1 t :5 ,*ri/ 0 put 9 ! sepul*re ! ,jews appli$ to ,pilate = a wat* or a gu>d to be plac$ ov] ! septil*re1 to prev5t ! body be+ /ol5 by ! disciples2 & t 9 consequ5ce ( ?is reque/ ! sepul*re 0 made sure1 seal+ ! /one t cov]$ ! m\?1 & sett+ a wat*4 ,b ! o!r books say no?+ ab\t ?is application1 nor ab\t ! seal+1 nor ! gu>d1 nor ! wat*2 & accord+ to _! acc\nts1 !re 7 none4 ,mat!w1 h[ev]1 foll[s up ?is "p ( ! /ory ( ! gu>d or ! wat* ) a second "p1 t ,i %all notice 9 ! conclusion1 z x s]ves to detect ! fallacy ( ^? books4 ,! book ( ,mat!w cont9ues its acc\nt1 & says1 7xxviii4 #a17 t at ! end ( ! ,sabba?1 z x began to dawn1 t[>ds ! fir/ day ( ! week1 came ,m>y ,magdal5e & ! o!r ,m>y1 to see ! sepul*re4 ,m>k says x 0 sun-ris+1 & ,john says x 0 d>k4 ,luke says x 0 ,m>y ,magdal5e & ,joanna1 & ,m>y ! "m ( ,james1 & o!r wom51 t came to ! sepul*re2 & ,john /ates t ,m>y ,magdal5e came alone4 ,s well d !y agree ab\t _! fir/ evid5ce6 ,!y all1 h[ev]1 appe> to h kn[n mo/ ab\t ,m>y ,magdal5e2 %e 0 a woman ( l>ge acqua9tance1 & x 0 n an ill conjecture t %e might be ^u ! /roll4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,ll&aff1 9 8 fam\s 8,apology10 c5sur$ ,pa9e sev]ely = ?is ins9uation aga9/ ,m>y ,magdal5e1 b ! c5sure really falls on our ,engli% v]sion1 :i*1 by a *apt]-head+ 7,luke vii471 has unw>rantably id5tifi$ h] z ! s9ful woman :o ano9t$ ,jesus1 & irrevocably br&$ h]4--,editor4 ,! book ( ,mat!w goes on to say 7v]4 #b73 8,& behold !re 0 a great e>?quake1 = ! angel ( ! ,"l desc5d$ f heav51 & came & roll$ back ! /one f ! door1 & sat ^u x0 ,b ! o!r books say no?+ ab\t any e>?quake1 nor ab\t ! angel roll+ back ! /one1 & sitt+ ^u x &1 accord+ to _! acc\nt1 !re 0 no angel sitt+ !re4 ,m>k says ! angel ,m>k says 8a "y man10 & ,luke 8two m540--,editor4 0 )9 ! sepul*re1 sitt+ on ! "r side4 ,luke says !re 7 two1 & !y 7 bo? /&+ up2 & ,john says !y 7 bo? sitt+ d[n1 "o at ! head & ! o!r at ! feet4 ,mat!w says1 t ! angel t 0 sitt+ ^u ! /one on ! outside ( ! sepul*re told ! two ,m>ys t ,*ri/ 0 ris51 & t ! wom5 w5t away quickly4 ,m>k says1 t ! wom51 ^u see+ ! /one roll$ away1 & wond]+ at x1 w5t into ! sepul*re1 & t x 0 ! angel t 0 sitt+ )9 on ! "r side1 t told !m s4 ,luke says1 x 0 ! two angels t 7 ,/&+ up2 & ,john says1 x 0 ,jesus ,*ri/ himself t told x to ,m>y ,magdal5e2 & t %e did n g into ! sepul*re1 b only /oop$ d[n & look$ 94 ,n[1 if ! writ]s ( ^! f\r books _h gone into a c\rt ( ju/ice to prove an alibi1 7= x is ( ! nature ( an alibi t is "h attempt$ to be prov$1 namely1 ! abs5ce ( a dead body by sup]natural means17 & _h !y giv5 _! evid5ce 9 ! same contradictory mann] z x is "h giv51 !y w\ld h be5 9 dang] ( hav+ _! e>s cropt = p]jury1 & w\ld h ju/ly des]v$ x4 ,yet ?is is ! evid5ce1 & ^! are ! books1 t h be5 impos$ ^u ! _w z be+ giv5 by div9e inspiration1 & z ! un*angeable ^w ( ,god4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,mat!w1 aft] giv+ ?is acc\nt1 relates a /ory t is n to be f\nd 9 any ( ! o!r books1 & :i* is ! same ,i h j be=e allud$ to4 8,n[10 says he1 t is1 aft] ! conv]sation ! wom5 _h _h ) ! angel sitt+ ^u ! /one1 8behold "s ( ! wat* mean+ ! wat* t he _h said _h be5 plac$ ov] ! sepul*re came into ! city1 & %ew$ unto ! *ief prie/s all ! ?+s t 7 done2 & :5 !y 7 assembl$ ) ! eld]s & _h tak5 c\nsel1 !y gave l>ge money unto ! soldi]s1 say+1 ,say ye1 t 8 disciples came by night1 & /ole him away :ile we slept2 & if ?is come to ! gov]nor's e>s1 we w p]suade him1 & secure y4 ,s !y took ! money1 & did z !y 7 taught2 & ?is say+ t 8 disciples /ole him away is commonly report$ among ! ,jews until ?is day40 ,! expression1 until ?is day1 is an evid5ce t ! book ascrib$ to ,mat!w 0 n writt5 by ,mat!w1 & t x has be5 manufactur$ long aft] ! times & ?+s ( :i* x pret5ds to treat2 = ! expression implies a great l5g? ( int]v5+ "t4 ,x w\ld be inconsi/5t 9 u to speak 9 ?is mann] ( any ?+ happ5+ 9 our own "t4 ,to give1 !re=e1 intelligible mean+ to ! expression1 we mu/ suppose a lapse ( "s g5]ations at lea/1 = ?is mann] ( speak+ c>ries ! m9d back to anci5t "t4 ,! absurdity also ( ! /ory is wor? notic+2 = x %[s ! writ] ( ! book ( ,mat!w to h be5 an exce$+ weak & fooli% man4 ,he tells a /ory t contradicts itself 9 po9t ( possibility2 = ?\gh ! gu>d1 if !re 7 any1 might be made to say t ! body 0 tak5 away :ile !y 7 asleep1 & to give t z a reason = _! n hav+ prev5t$ x1 t same sleep mu/ also h prev5t$ _! kn[+ h[1 & by :om1 x 0 done2 & yet !y are made to say t x 0 ! disciples :o did x4 ,7 a man to t5d] 8 evid5ce ( some?+ t he %\ld say 0 done1 & ( ! mann] ( do+ x1 & ( ! p]son :o did x1 :ile he 0 asleep1 & c\ld "k no?+ ( ! matt]1 su* evid5ce c\ld n be receiv$3 x w d well en\gh = ,te/am5t evid5ce1 b n = any ?+ :]e tru? is conc]n$4 ,i come n[ to t "p ( ! evid5ce 9 ^? books1 t respects ! pret5d$ appe>ance ( ,*ri/ aft] ?is pret5d$ resurrection4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,mat!w relates1 t ! angel t 0 sitt+ on ! /one at ! m\? ( ! sepul*re1 said to ! two ,m>ys 7xxviii4 #g71 8,behold ,*ri/ is gone be=e y into ,galilee1 !re ye %all see him2 lo1 ,i h told y40 ,& ! same writ] at ! next two v]ses 7#h1 #i17 makes ,*ri/ himself to speak to ! same purpose to ^! wom5 imm$iately aft] ! angel _h told x to !m1 & t !y ran quickly to tell x to ! disciples2 & x is said 7v]4 #af71 8,!n ! elev5 disciples w5t away into ,galilee1 into a m\nta9 :]e ,jesus _h appo9t$ !m2 &1 :5 !y saw him1 !y wor%ipp$ him40 ,b ! writ] ( ! book ( ,john tells u a /ory v diff]5t to ?is2 = he says 7xx4 #ai7 8,!n ! same day at ev5+1 be+ ! fir/ day ( ! week1 t is1 ! same day t ,*ri/ is said to h ris51 :5 ! doors 7 %ut1 :]e ! disciples 7 assembl$1 = fe> ( ! ,jews1 came ,jesus & /ood 9 ! mid/ ( !m40 ,accord+ to ,mat!w ! elev5 7 m>*+ to ,galilee1 to meet ,jesus 9 a m\nta91 by 8 own appo9tm5t1 at ! v "t :51 accord+ to ,john1 !y 7 assembl$ 9 ano!r place1 & t n by appo9tm5t1 b 9 secret1 = fe> ( ! ,jews4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,luke xxiv4 #ac1 #cc-cf1 contradicts t ( ,mat!w m po9t$ly ?an ,john does2 = he says expressly1 t ! meet+ 0 9 ,j]usalem ! ev5+ ( ! same day t he 7,*ri/7 rose1 & t ! elev5 7 !re4 ,n[1 x is n possible1 unless we admit ^! suppos$ disciples ! "r ( wilful ly+1 t ! writ]s ( ^! books c\ld be any ( ! elev5 p]sons call$ disciples2 = if1 accord+ to ,mat!w1 ! elev5 w5t into ,galilee to meet ,jesus 9 a m\nta9 by 8 own appo9tm5t1 on ! same day t he is said to h ris51 ,luke & ,john mu/ h be5 two ( t elev52 yet ! writ] ( ,luke says expressly1 & ,john implies z mu*1 t ! meet+ 0 t same day1 9 a h\se 9 ,j]usalem2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 if1 accord+ to ,luke & ,john1 ! elev5 7 assembl$ 9 a h\se 9 ,j]usalem1 ,mat!w mu/ h be5 "o ( t elev52 yet ,mat!w says ! meet+ 0 9 a m\nta9 9 ,galilee1 & consequ5tly ! evid5ce giv5 9 ^? books de/roy ea* o!r4 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,m>k says no?+ ab\t any meet+ 9 ,galilee2 b he says 7xvi4 #ab7 t ,*ri/1 aft] 8 resurrection1 appe>$ 9 ano!r =m to two ( !m1 z !y walk$ into ! c\ntry1 & t ^! two told x to ! residue1 :o w\ld n believe !m4 ,?is belongs to ! late addition to ,m>k1 :i* orig9ally end$ ) xvi4 #h4--;,editor4 ,luke also tells a /ory1 9 :i* he keeps ,*ri/ employ$ ! :ole ( ! day ( ?is pret5d$ resurrection1 until ! ev5+1 & :i* totally invalidates ! acc\nt ( go+ to ! m\nta9 9 ,galilee4 ,he says1 t two ( !m1 )\t say+ :i* two1 w5t t same day to a village call$ ,emmaus1 ?ree score furlongs 7sev5 miles & a half7 f ,j]usalem1 & t ,*ri/ 9 disguise w5t ) !m1 & /ay$ ) !m unto ! ev5+1 & supp$ ) !m1 & !n vani%$ out ( _! sight1 & reappe>$ t same ev5+1 at ! meet+ ( ! elev5 9 ,j]usalem4 ,?is is ! contradictory mann] 9 :i* ! evid5ce ( ?is pret5d$ reappe>ance ( ,*ri/ is /at$3 ! only po9t 9 :i* ! writ]s agree1 is ! skulk+ privacy ( t reappe>ance2 = :e!r x 0 9 ! recess ( a m\nta9 9 ,galilee1 or 9 a %ut-up h\se 9 ,j]usalem1 x 0 /ill skulk+4 ,to :at cause !n are we to assign ?is skulk+8 ,on ! "o h&1 x is directly repugnant to ! suppos$ or pret5d$ end1 t ( conv9c+ ! _w t ,*ri/ 0 ris52 &1 on ! o!r h&1 to h ass]t$ ! publicity ( x w\ld h expos$ ! writ]s ( ^? books to public detection2 &1 !re=e1 !y h be5 "u ! necessity ( mak+ x a private affair4 ,z to ! acc\nt ( ,*ri/ be+ se5 by m ?an five hundr$ at once1 x is ,paul only :o says x1 & n ! five hundr$ :o say x = !mselves4 ,x is1 !re=e1 ! te/imony ( b "o man1 & t too ( a man1 :o did n1 accord+ to ! same acc\nt1 believe a ^w ( ! matt] himself at ! "t x is said to h happ5$4 ,8 evid5ce1 suppos+ him to h be5 ! writ] ( ,cor9?ians xv41 :]e ?is acc\nt is giv51 is l t ( a man :o comes into a c\rt ( ju/ice to swe> t :at he _h sworn be=e 0 false4 ,a man may (t5 see reason1 & he has too always ! "r ( *ang+ 8 op9ion2 b ?is lib]ty does n ext5d to matt]s ( fact4 ,i n[ come to ! la/ sc5e1 t ( ! asc5sion into heav54--,"h all fe> ( ! ,jews1 & ( e ?+ else1 mu/ necess>ily h be5 out ( ! "q3 x 0 t :i*1 if true1 0 to seal ! :ole2 & ^u :i* ! reality ( ! future mission ( ! disciples 0 to re/ = pro(4 ,words1 :e!r decl>ations or promises1 t pass$ 9 private1 ei!r 9 ! recess ( a m\nta9 9 ,galilee1 or 9 a %ut-up h\se 9 ,j]usalem1 ev5 suppos+ !m to h be5 spok51 c\ld n be evid5ce 9 public2 x 0 !re=e necess>y t ?is la/ sc5e %\ld preclude ! possibility ( d5ial & dispute2 & t x %\ld be1 z ,i h /at$ 9 ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason1' z public & z visible z ! sun at noon-day2 at lea/ x ought to h be5 z public z ! crucifixion is report$ to h be54--,b to come to ! po9t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! writ] ( ! book ( ,mat!w does n say a syllable ab\t x2 nei!r does ! writ] ( ! book ( ,john4 ,?is be+ ! case1 is x possible to suppose t ^? writ]s1 :o affect to be ev5 m9ute 9 o!r matt]s1 w\ld h be5 sil5t ^u ?is1 _h x be5 true8 ,! writ] ( ! book ( ,m>k passes x (f 9 a c>eless1 slov5ly mann]1 ) a s+le da% ( ! p51 z if he 0 tir$ ( romanc+1 or a%am$ ( ! /ory4 ,s also does ! writ] ( ,luke4 ,& ev5 betwe5 ^! two1 !re is n an app>5t agreem5t1 z to ! place :]e ?is f9al p>t+ is said to h be54 ,! la/ n9e v]ses ( ,m>k be+ ung5u9e1 ! /ory ( ! asc5sion re/s exclusively on ! words 9 ,luke xxiv4 #ea1 80 c>ri$ up into heav510--words omitt$ by sev]al anci5t au?orities4--,editor4 ,! book ( ,m>k says t ,*ri/ appe>$ to ! elev5 z !y sat at meat1 allud+ to ! meet+ ( ! elev5 at ,j]usalem3 he !n /ates ! conv]sation t he says pass$ at t meet+2 & imm$iately aft] says 7z a s*ool-boy w\ld f9i% a dull /ory17 8,s !n1 aft] ! ,"l _h spok5 unto !m1 he 0 receiv$ up into heav51 & sat on ! "r h& ( ,god40 ,b ! writ] ( ,luke says1 t ! asc5sion 0 f ,be?any2 t he 7,*ri/7 l$ !m out z f> z ,be?any1 & 0 p>t$ f !m !re1 & 0 c>ri$ up into heav54 ,s also 0 ,mahomet3 &1 z to ,moses1 ! apo/le ,jude says1 v]4 #i4 ,t #8,mi*ael & ! devil disput$ ab\t 8 body4' ,:ile we believe su* fables z ^!1 or ei!r ( !m1 we believe unwor?ily ( ! ,almighty4 ,i h n[ gone ?r\gh ! exam9ation ( ! f\r books ascrib$ to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john2 & :5 x is consid]$ t ! :ole space ( "t1 f ! crucifixion to :at is call$ ! asc5sion1 is b a few days1 app>5tly n m ?an ?ree or f\r1 & t all ! circum/ances are report$ to h happ5$ ne>ly ab\t ! same spot1 ,j]usalem1 x is1 ,i believe1 impossible to f9d 9 any /ory ^u record s _m & su* gl>+ absurdities1 contradictions1 & falsehoods1 z are 9 ^? books4 ,!y are m num]\s & /rik+ ?an ,i _h any expectation ( f9d+1 :5 ,i began ?is exam9ation1 & f> m s ?an ,i _h any idea ( :5 ,i wrote ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason4' ,i _h !n nei!r ,bible nor ,te/am5t to ref] to1 nor c\ld ,i procure any4 ,my own situation1 ev5 z to exi/5ce1 0 becom+ e day m prec>i\s2 & z ,i 0 will+ to leave some?+ beh9d me ^u ! subject1 ,i 0 oblig$ to be quick & concise4 ,! quotations ,i !n made 7 f memory only1 b !y are correct2 & ! op9ions ,i h advanc$ 9 t "w are ! effect ( ! mo/ cle> & long-e/abli%$ conviction1--t ! ,bible & ! ,te/am5t are impositions ^u ! _w2--t ! fall ( man1 ! acc\nt ( ,jesus ,*ri/ be+ ! ,son ( ,god1 & ( 8 dy+ to appease ! wra? ( ,god1 & ( salvation by t /range means1 are all fabul\s inv5tions1 di%on\rable to ! wisdom & p[] ( ! ,almighty2--t ! only true religion is deism1 by :i* ,i !n meant & n[ mean ! belief ( "o ,god1 & an imitation ( 8 moral "*1 or ! practice ( :at are call$ moral virtues2--& t x 0 ^u ?is only 7s f> z religion is conc]n$7 t ,i re/$ all my hopes ( happ9ess h]eaft]4 ,s say ,i n[--& s help me ,god4 ,b to retum to ! subject4--,?\gh x is impossible1 at ?is di/ance ( "t1 to asc]ta9 z a fact :o 7 ! writ]s ( ^? f\r books 7& ?is alone is suffici5t to hold !m 9 d\bt1 & :]e we d\bt we d n believe7 x is n difficult to asc]ta9 negatively t !y 7 n writt5 by ! p]sons to :om !y are ascrib$4 ,! contradictions 9 ^? books demon/rate two ?+s3 ,fir/1 t ! writ]s _c h be5 eye-witnesses & e>-witnesses ( ! matt]s !y relate1 or !y w\ld h relat$ !m )\t ^? contradictions2 &1 consequ5tly t ! books h n be5 writt5 by ! p]sons call$ apo/les1 :o are suppos$ to h be5 witnesses ( ?is k9d4 ,secondly1 t ! writ]s1 :oev] !y 71 h n act$ 9 conc]t$ imposition1 b ea* writ] sep>ately & individually = himself1 & )\t ! k ( ! o!r4 ,! same evid5ce t applies to prove ! "o1 applies equally to prove bo? cases2 t is1 t ! books 7 n writt5 by ! m5 call$ apo/les1 & also t !y are n a conc]t$ imposition4 ,z to inspiration1 x is altoge!r out ( ! "q2 we may z well attempt to unite tru? & falsehood1 z inspiration & contradiction4 ,if f\r m5 are eye-witnesses & e>-witnesses to a sc5e1 !y w )\t any conc]t betwe5 !m1 agree z to "t & place1 :5 & :]e t sc5e happ5$4 ,_! individual k ( ! ?+1 ea* "o kn[+ x = himself1 r5d]s conc]t totally unnecess>y2 ! "o w n say x 0 9 a m\nta9 9 ! c\ntry1 & ! o!r at a h\se 9 t[n2 ! "o w n say x 0 at sunrise1 & ! o!r t x 0 d>k4 ,= 9 :atev] place x 0 & :atev] "t x 01 !y "k x equally alike4 ,& on ! o!r h&1 if f\r m5 conc]t a /ory1 !y w make _! sep>ate relations ( t /ory agree & corroborate ) ea* o!r to support ! :ole4 ,t conc]t supplies ! want ( fact 9 ! "o case1 z ! k ( ! fact sup]s$es1 9 ! o!r case1 ! necessity ( a conc]t4 ,! same contradictions1 !re=e1 t prove !re has be5 no conc]t1 prove also t ! report]s _h no k ( ! fact1 7or r ( t :i* !y relate z a fact17 & detect also ! falsehood ( _! reports4 ,^? books1 !re=e1 h nei!r be5 writt5 by ! m5 call$ apo/les1 nor by impo/]s 9 conc]t4--,h[ !n h !y be5 writt58 ,i am n "o ( ^? :o are fond ( believ+ !re is mu* ( t :i* is call$ wilful ly+1 or ly+ orig9ally1 except 9 ! case ( m5 sett+ up to be prophets1 z 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 = prophesy+ is ly+ pr(essionally4 ,9 almo/ all o!r cases x is n difficult to discov] ! progress by :i* ev5 simple supposition1 ) ! aid ( cr$ulity1 w 9 "t gr[ into a lie1 & at la/ be told z a fact2 & :5ev] we c f9d a *>itable reason = a ?+ ( ?is k9d1 we ought n to indulge a sev]e "o4 ,! /ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/ appe>+ aft] he 0 dead is ! /ory ( an app>ition1 su* z timid imag9ations c always create 9 vision1 & cr$ulity believe4 ,/ories ( ?is k9d _h be5 told ( ! assass9ation ( ,julius ,caes> n _m ye>s be=e1 & !y g5]ally h _! orig9 9 viol5t dea?s1 or 9 execution ( innoc5t p]sons4 ,9 cases ( ?is k9d1 compassion l5ds its aid1 & b5evol5tly /ret*es ! /ory4 ,x goes on a little & a little f>!r1 till x becomes a mo/ c]ta9 tru?4 ,once />t a gho/1 & cr$ulity fills up ! hi/ory ( its life1 & assigns ! cause ( its appe>ance2 "o tells x "o way1 ano!r ano!r way1 till !re are z _m /ories ab\t ! gho/1 & ab\t ! proprietor ( ! gho/1 z !re are ab\t ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ^! f\r books4 ,! /ory ( ! appe>ance ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is told ) t /range mixture ( ! natural & impossible1 t di/+ui%es leg5d>y tale f fact4 ,he is repres5t$ z sudd5ly com+ 9 & go+ out :5 ! doors are %ut1 & ( vani%+ out ( sight1 & appe>+ aga91 z "o w\ld conceive ( an unsub/antial vision2 !n aga9 he is hungry1 sits d[n to meat1 & eats 8 supp]4 ,b z ^? :o tell /ories ( ?is k9d nev] provide = all ! cases1 s x is "h3 !y h told u1 t :5 he arose he left 8 grave-clo!s beh9d him2 b !y h =gott5 to provide o!r clo!s = him to appe> 9 aft]w>ds1 or to tell u :at he did ) !m :5 he asc5d$2 :e!r he /ripp$ all (f1 or w5t up clo!s & all4 ,9 ! case ( ,elijah1 !y h be5 c>eful en\gh to make him ?r[ d[n 8 mantle2 h[ x happ5$ n to be burnt 9 ! *>iot ( fire1 !y also h n told u2 b z imag9ation supplies all defici5cies ( ?is k9d1 we may suppose if we please t x 0 made ( salam&]'s wool4 ,^? :o are n mu* acqua9t$ ) ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 may suppose t ! book call$ ! ,new ,te/am5t has exi/$ ev] s9ce ! "t ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 z !y suppose t ! books ascrib$ to ,moses h exi/$ ev] s9ce ! "t ( ,moses4 ,b ! fact is hi/orically o!rwise2 !re 0 no su* book z ! ,new ,te/am5t till m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s aft] ! "t t ,*ri/ is said to h liv$4 ,at :at "t ! books ascrib$ to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john1 began to appe>1 is altoge!r a matt] ( unc]ta9ty4 ,!re is n ! lea/ %ad[ ( evid5ce ( :o ! p]sons 7 t wrote !m1 nor at :at "t !y 7 writt52 & !y might z well h be5 call$ by ! names ( any ( ! o!r suppos$ apo/les z by ! names !y are n[ call$4 ,! orig9als are n 9 ! possession ( any ,*ri/ian ,*ur* exi/+1 any m ?an ! two tables ( /one writt5 on1 !y pret5d1 by ! f+] ( ,god1 ^u ,m\nt ,s9ai1 & giv5 to ,moses1 are 9 ! possession ( ! ,jews4 ,& ev5 if !y 71 !re is no possibility ( prov+ ! h&-writ+ 9 ei!r case4 ,at ! "t ^? f\r books 7 writt5 !re 0 no pr9t+1 & consequ5tly !re c\ld be no publication o!rwise ?an by writt5 copies1 :i* any man might make or alt] at pleasure1 & call !m orig9als4 ,c we suppose x is consi/5t ) ! wisdom ( ! ,almighty to commit himself & 8 w to man ^u su* prec>i\s means z ^!2 or t x is consi/5t we %\ld p9 our fai? ^u su* unc]ta9ties8 ,we _c make nor alt]1 nor ev5 imitate1 s mu* z "o blade ( grass t he has made1 & yet we c make or alt] words ( ,god z easily z words ( man4 ,! =m] "p ( ! #8,age ( ,reason' has n be5 publi%$ two ye>s1 & !re is already an expression 9 x t is n m9e4 ,! expression is3 ,! book ( ,luke 0 c>ri$ by a majority ( "o voice only4 ,x may be true1 b x is n ,i t h said x4 ,"s p]son :o might "k ( t circum/ance1 has add$ x 9 a note at ! bottom ( ! page ( "s ( ! editions1 pr9t$ ei!r 9 ,engl& or 9 ,am]ica2 & ! pr9t]s1 aft] t1 h erect$ x into ! body ( ! "w1 & made me ! au?or ( x4 ,if ?is has happ5$ )9 su* a %ort space ( "t1 not)/&+ ! aid ( pr9t+1 :i* prev5ts ! alt]ation ( copies individually1 :at may n h happ5$ 9 a mu* great] l5g? ( "t1 :5 !re 0 no pr9t+1 & :5 any man :o c\ld write c\ld make a writt5 copy & call x an orig9al by ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 or ,john8--,au?or4 ,! spuri\s addition to ,pa9e's "w allud$ to 9 8 footnote drew on him a sev]e criticism f ,dr4 ,prie/ley 78,lett]s to a ,philosophical ,unbeliev]10 p4 #ge71 yet x seems to h be5 ,prie/ley himself :o1 9 8 quotation1 fir/ incorporat$ into ,pa9e's text ! footnote add$ by ! editor ( ! ,am]ican edition 7#agid74 ,! ,am]ican add$3 8,vide ,mo%iem's 7sic7 ,ecc4 ,hi/ory10 :i* ,prie/ley omits4 ,9 a mod]n ,am]ican edition ,i notice f\r v]bal alt]ations introduc$ into ! above footnote4--,editor4 ,ab\t ?ree hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ! "t t ,*ri/ is said to h liv$1 sev]al writ+s ( ! k9d ,i am speak+ ( 7 scatt]$ 9 ! h&s ( div]s individuals2 & z ! *ur* _h begun to =m itself into an hi]>*y1 or *ur* gov]nm5t1 ) temporal p[]s1 x set itself ab\t collect+ !m into a code1 z we n[ see !m1 call$ #8,! ,new ,te/am5t4' ,!y decid$ by vote1 z ,i h be=e said 9 ! =m] "p ( ! ,age ( ,reason1 :i* ( ^? writ+s1 out ( ! collection !y _h made1 %\ld be ! ^w ( ,god1 & :i* %\ld n4 ,! ,robb9s ( ! ,jews _h decid$1 by vote1 ^u ! books ( ! ,bible be=e4 ,z ! object ( ! *ur*1 z is ! case 9 all national e/abli%m5ts ( *ur*es1 0 p[] & rev5ue1 & t]ror ! means x us$1 x is consi/5t to suppose t ! mo/ miracul\s & wond]ful ( ! writ+s !y _h collect$ /ood ! be/ *ance ( be+ vot$4 ,& z to ! au!nticity ( ! books1 ! vote /&s 9 ! place ( x2 = x c be trac$ no high]4 ,disputes1 h[ev]1 ran high among ! p !n call+ !mselves ,*ri/ians1 n only z to po9ts ( doctr9e1 b z to ! au!nticity ( ! books4 ,9 ! conte/ betwe5 ! p]son call$ ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & ,fau/e1 ab\t ! ye> #djj1 ! latt] says1 8,! books call$ ! ,evangeli/s h be5 compos$ long aft] ! times ( ! apo/les1 by "s obscure m51 :o1 fe>+ t ! _w w\ld n give cr$it to _! relation ( matt]s ( :i* !y c\ld n be in=m$1 h publi%$ !m "u ! names ( ! apo/les2 & :i* are s full ( sotti%ness & discordant relations1 t !re is nei!r agreem5t nor connection betwe5 !m40 ,& 9 ano!r place1 address+ himself to ! advocates ( ^? books1 z be+ ! ^w ( ,god1 he says1 8,x is ?us t y\r pr$ecessors h ins]t$ 9 ! scriptures ( our ,"l _m ?+s :i*1 ?\gh !y c>ry 8 "n1 agree n ) 8 doctr9e40 ,?is is n surpris+1 s9ce t we h (t5 prov$ t ^! ?+s h n be5 writt5 by himself1 nor by 8 apo/les1 b t = ! greate/ "p !y are f\nd$ ^u tales1 ^u vague reports1 & put toge!r by ,i "k n :at half-,jews1 ) b little agreem5t betwe5 !m2 & :i* !y h nev]!less publi%$ "u ! "n ( ! apo/les ( our ,"l1 & h ?us attribut$ to !m _! own errors & _! lies4 ,i h tak5 ^! two extracts f ,b\lang]'s ,life ( ,paul1 writt5 9 ,fr5*2 ,b\lang] has quot$ !m f ! writ+s ( ,augu/9e aga9/ ,fau/e1 to :i* he ref]s4--,au?or4 ,?is ,bi%op ,fau/us is usually /yl$ 8,! ,mani*aeum10 ,augu/9e hav+ entitl$ 8 book1 ,contra ,fru/um ,mani*aeum ,libri xxxiii41 9 :i* ne>ly ! :ole ( ,fau/us' v able "w is quot$4--,editor4 ,! read] w see by ^? extracts t ! au!nticity ( ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 0 d5i$1 & ! books treat$ z tales1 =g]ies1 & lies1 at ! "t !y 7 vot$ to be ! ^w ( ,god4 ,b ! int]e/ ( ! *ur*1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! faggot1 bore d[n ! opposition1 & at la/ suppress$ all inve/igation4 ,miracles foll[$ ^u miracles1 if we w believe !m1 & m5 7 taught to say !y believ$ :e!r !y believ$ or n4 ,b 7by way ( ?r[+ 9 a ?\ght7 ! ,fr5* ,revolution has excommunicat$ ! *ur* f ! p[] ( work+ miracles2 %e has n be5 able1 ) ! assi/ance ( all h] sa9ts1 to "w "o miracle s9ce ! revolution began2 & z %e nev] /ood 9 great] ne$ ?an n[1 we may1 )\t ! aid ( div9ation1 conclude t all h] =m] miracles are tricks & lies4 ,b\lang] 9 8 life ( ,paul1 has collect$ f ! ecclesia/ical hi/ories1 & ! writ+s ( ! fa!rs z !y are call$1 sev]al matt]s :i* %[ ! op9ions t prevail$ among ! diff]5t sects ( ,*ri/ians1 at ! "t ! ,te/am5t1 z we n[ see x1 0 vot$ to be ! ^w ( ,god4 ,! foll[+ extracts are f ! second *apt] ( t "w3 ,! ,m>cioni/s 7a ,*ri/ian sect7 ass]t$ t ! evangeli/s 7 fill$ ) falsities4 ,! ,mani*aeans1 :o =m$ a v num]\s sect at ! comm5cem5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 reject$ z false all ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & %[$ o!r writ+s q diff]5t t !y gave = au!ntic4 ,! ,cor9?ians1 l ! ,m>cioni/s1 admitt$ n ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 ,! ,encratites & ! ,sev5ians adopt$ nei!r ! ,acts1 nor ! ,epi/les ( ,paul4 ,*ryso/om1 9 a homily :i* he made ^u ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 says t 9 8 "t1 ab\t ! ye> #djj1 _m p knew no?+ ei!r ( ! au?or or ( ! book4 ,/4 ,ir5e1 :o liv$ be=e t "t1 reports t ! ,val5t9ians1 l sev]al o!r sects ( ! ,*ri/ians1 accus$ ! scriptures ( be+ fill$ ) imp]fections1 errors1 & contradictions4 ,! ,ebionites1 or ,naz>5es1 :o 7 ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 reject$ all ! ,epi/les ( ,paul1 & reg>d$ him z an impo/or4 ,!y report1 among o!r ?+s1 t he 0 orig9ally a ,pagan2 t he came to ,j]usalem1 :]e he liv$ "s "t2 & t hav+ a m9d to m>ry ! daught] ( ! high prie/1 he _h himself be5 circumcis$2 b t n be+ able to obta9 h]1 he qu>rell$ ) ! ,jews & wrote aga9/ circumcision1 & aga9/ ! obs]vation ( ! ,sabba?1 & aga9/ all ! legal ord9ances4--,au?or4 ,mu* abridg$ f ! ,exam4 ,crit4 de la ,vie de ,/4 ,paul1 by ,n4,a4 ,b\lang]1 #aggj4--;,editor4 ,:5 we consid] ! lapse ( m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s int]v5+ betwe5 ! "t t ,*ri/ is said to h liv$ & ! "t ! ,new ,te/am5t 0 =m$ into a book1 we mu/ see1 ev5 )\t ! assi/ance ( hi/orical evid5ce1 ! exce$+ unc]ta9ty !re is ( its au!nticity4 ,! au!nticity ( ! book ( ,hom]1 s f> z reg>ds ! au?or%ip1 is mu* bett] e/abli%$ ?an t ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ?\gh ,hom] is a ?\s& ye>s ! mo/ anci5t4 ,x 0 only an exce$+ good poet t c\ld h writt5 ! book ( ,hom]1 &1 !re=e1 few m5 only c\ld h attempt$ x2 & a man capable ( do+ x w\ld n h ?r[n away 8 own fame by giv+ x to ano!r4 ,9 l mann]1 !re 7 b few t c\ld h compos$ ,euclid's ,elem5ts1 because none b an exce$+ good geometrician c\ld h be5 ! au?or ( t "w4 ,b ) respect to ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 p>ticul>ly su* p>ts z tell u ( ! resurrection & asc5sion ( ,*ri/1 any p]son :o c\ld tell a /ory ( an app>ition1 or ( a man's walk+1 c\ld h made su* books2 = ! /ory is mo/ wret*$ly told4 ,! *ance1 !re=e1 ( =g]y 9 ! ,te/am5t is millions to "o great] ?an 9 ! case ( ,hom] or ,euclid4 ,( ! num]\s prie/s or p>sons ( ! pres5t day1 bi%ops & all1 e "o ( !m c make a s]mon1 or translate a scrap ( ,lat91 especially if x has be5 translat$ a ?\s& times be=e2 b is !re any among/ !m t c write poetry l ,hom]1 or sci5ce l ,euclid8 ,! sum total ( a p>son's le>n+1 ) v few exceptions1 is a1 b1 ab1 & hic1 haec1 hoc2 & _! k ( sci5ce is1 ?ree times "o is ?ree2 & ?is is m ?an suffici5t to h enabl$ !m1 _h !y liv$ at ! "t1 to h writt5 all ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,z ! opportunities ( =g]y 7 great]1 s also 0 ! inducem5t4 ,a man c\ld ga9 no advantage by writ+ "u ! "n ( ,hom] or ,euclid2 if he c\ld write equal to !m1 x w\ld be bett] t he wrote "u 8 own "n2 if inf]ior1 he c\ld n succe$4 ,pride w\ld prev5t ! =m]1 & impossibility ! latt]4 ,b ) respect to su* books z compose ! ,new ,te/am5t1 all ! inducem5ts 7 on ! side ( =g]y4 ,! be/ imag9$ hi/ory t c\ld h be5 made1 at ! di/ance ( two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s aft] ! "t1 c\ld n h pass$ = an orig9al "u ! "n ( ! real writ]2 ! only *ance ( success lay 9 =g]y2 = ! *ur* want$ pret5ce = its new doctr9e1 & tru? & tal5ts 7 out ( ! "q4 ,b z x is n uncommon 7z be=e obs]v$7 to relate /ories ( p]sons walk+ aft] !y are dead1 & ( gho/s & app>itions ( su* z h fall5 by "s viol5t or extraord9>y means2 & z ! p ( t day 7 9 ! habit ( believ+ su* ?+s1 & ( ! appe>ance ( angels1 & also ( devils1 & ( _! gett+ into p's insides1 & %ak+ !m l a fit ( an ague1 & ( _! be+ ca/ out aga9 z if by an emetic--7,m>y ,magdal5e1 ! book ( ,m>k tells u _h br\ght up1 or be5 br\ght to b$ ( sev5 devils27 x 0 no?+ extraord9>y t "s /ory ( ?is k9d %\ld get abroad ( ! p]son call$ ,jesus ,*ri/1 & become aft]w>ds ! f\ndation ( ! f\r books ascrib$ to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john4 ,ea* writ] told a tale z he he>d x1 or !reab\ts1 & gave to 8 book ! "n ( ! sa9t or ! apo/le :om tradition _h giv5 z ! eye-witness4 ,x is only ^u ?is gr\nd t ! contradictions 9 ^? books c be acc\nt$ =2 & if ?is be n ! case1 !y are d[nright impositions1 lies1 & =g]ies1 )\t ev5 ! apology ( cr$ulity4 ,t !y h be5 writt5 by a sort ( half ,jews1 z ! =ego+ quotations m5tion1 is disc]nible en\gh4 ,! frequ5t ref]5ces made to t *ief assass9 & impo/or ,moses1 & to ! m5 call$ prophets1 e/abli%es ?is po9t2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! *ur* has complim5t$ ! fraud1 by admitt+ ! ,bible & ! ,te/am5t to reply to ea* o!r4 ,betwe5 ! ,*ri/ian-,jew & ! ,*ri/ian-,g5tile1 ! ?+ call$ a prophecy1 & ! ?+ prophesi$ (1 ! type & ! ?+ typifi$1 ! sign & ! ?+ signifi$1 h be5 indu/ri\sly rummag$ up1 & fitt$ toge!r l old locks & pick-lock keys4 ,! /ory fooli%ly en\gh told ( ,eve & ! s]p5t1 & naturally en\gh z to ! enmity betwe5 m5 & s]p5ts 7= ! s]p5t always bites ab\t ! heel1 because x _c rea* high]1 & ! man always knocks ! s]p5t ab\t ! head1 z ! mo/ effectual way to prev5t its bit+27 8,x %all bruise ?y head1 & ?\ %alt bruise 8 heel40 ,g54 iii4 #ae4--;,au?or4 ?is fooli% /ory1 ,i say1 has be5 made into a prophecy1 a type1 & a promise to beg9 )2 & ! ly+ imposition ( ,isaiah to ,ahaz1 #8,t a virg9 %all conceive & be> a son1' z a sign t ,ahaz %\ld conqu]1 :5 ! ev5t 0 t he 0 defeat$ 7z already notic$ 9 ! obs]vations on ! book ( ,isaiah71 has be5 p]v]t$1 & made to s]ve z a w9d] up4 ,jonah & ! :ale are also made into a sign & type4 ,jonah is ,jesus1 & ! :ale is ! grave2 = x is said1 7& !y h made ,*ri/ to say x ( himself1 ,matt4 xii4 #dj71 8,= z ,jonah 0 ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! :ale's belly1 s %all ! ,son ( man be ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! he>t ( ! e>?40 ,b x happ5s1 awkw>dly en\gh1 t ,*ri/1 accord+ to _! own acc\nt1 0 b "o day & two nights 9 ! grave2 ab\t #cf h\rs in/ead ( #gb2 t is1 ! ,friday night1 ! ,saturday1 & ! ,saturday night2 = !y say he 0 up on ! ,sunday morn+ by sunrise1 or be=e4 ,b z ?is fits q z well z ! bite & ! kick 9 ,g5esis1 or ! virg9 & h] son 9 ,isaiah1 x w pass 9 ! lump ( or?odox ?+s4--,?us mu* = ! hi/orical "p ( ! ,te/am5t & its evid5ces4 ,epi/les ( ,paul--,! epi/les ascrib$ to ,paul1 be+ f\rte5 9 numb]1 almo/ fill up ! rema9+ "p ( ! ,te/am5t4 ,:e!r ^? epi/les 7 writt5 by ! p]son to :om !y are ascrib$ is a matt] ( no great importance1 s9ce t ! writ]1 :oev] he 01 attempts to prove 8 doctr9e by argum5t4 ,he does n pret5d to h be5 witness to any ( ! sc5es told ( ! resurrection & ! asc5sion2 & he decl>es t he _h n believ$ !m4 ,! /ory ( 8 be+ /ruck to ! gr\nd z he 0 j\rney+ to ,damascus1 has no?+ 9 x miracul\s or extraord9>y2 he escap$ ) life1 & t is m ?an _m o!rs h done1 :o h be5 /ruck ) lightn+2 & t he %\ld lose 8 sight = ?ree days1 & be unable to eat or dr9k dur+ t "t1 is no?+ m ?an is common 9 su* conditions4 ,8 companions t 7 ) him appe> n to h suff]$ 9 ! same mann]1 = !y 7 well en\gh to lead him ! rema9d] ( ! j\rney2 nei!r did !y pret5d to h se5 any vision4 ,! "* ( ! p]son call$ ,paul1 accord+ to ! acc\nts giv5 ( him1 has 9 x a great deal ( viol5ce & fanaticism2 he _h p]secut$ ) z mu* heat z he prea*$ aft]w>ds2 ! /roke he _h receiv$ _h *ang$ 8 ?9k+1 )\t alt]+ 8 con/itution2 & ei!r z a ,jew or a ,*ri/ian he 0 ! same zealot4 ,su* m5 are nev] good moral evid5ces ( any doctr9e !y prea*4 ,!y are always 9 extremes1 z well ( action z ( belief4 ,! doctr9e he sets out to prove by argum5t1 is ! resurrection ( ! same body3 & he advances ?is z an evid5ce ( immortality4 ,b s mu* w m5 diff] 9 _! mann] ( ?9k+1 & 9 ! conclusions !y draw f ! same premises1 t ?is doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! same body1 s f> f be+ an evid5ce ( immortality1 appe>s to me to be an evid5ce aga9/ x2 = if ,i h already di$ 9 ?is body1 & am rais$ aga9 9 ! same body 9 :i* ,i h di$1 x is presumptive evid5ce t ,i %all die aga94 ,t resurrection no m secures me aga9/ ! repetition ( dy+1 ?an an ague-fit1 :5 pa/1 secures me aga9/ ano!r4 ,to believe !re=e 9 immortality1 ,i mu/ h a m elevat$ idea ?an is conta9$ 9 ! gloomy doctr9e ( ! resurrection4 ,besides1 z a matt] ( *oice1 z well z ( hope1 ,i _h r h a bett] body & a m conv5i5t =m ?an ! pres5t4 ,e animal 9 ! creation excels u 9 some?+4 ,! w+$ insects1 )\t m5tion+ doves or eagles1 c pass ov] m space ) great] ease 9 a few m9utes ?an man c 9 an h\r4 ,! glide ( ! smalle/ fi%1 9 proportion to its bulk1 exce$s u 9 motion almo/ beyond comp>ison1 & )\t we>9ess4 ,ev5 ! sluggi% snail c asc5d f ! bottom ( a dungeon1 :]e man1 by ! want ( t ability1 w\ld p]i%2 & a spid] c laun* itself f ! top1 z a playful amusem5t4 ,! p]sonal p[]s ( man are s limit$1 & 8 heavy frame s little con/ruct$ to ext5sive enjoym5t1 t !re is no?+ to induce u to wi% ! op9ion ( ,paul to be true4 ,x is too little = ! magnitude ( ! sc5e1 too mean = ! sublimity ( ! subject4 ,b all o!r argum5ts ap>t1 ! consci\sness ( exi/5ce is ! only conceivable idea we c h ( ano!r life1 & ! cont9uance ( t consci\sness is immortality4 ,! consci\sness ( exi/5ce1 or ! kn[+ t we exi/1 is n necess>ily conf9$ to ! same =m1 nor to ! same matt]1 ev5 9 ?is life4 ,we h n 9 all cases ! same =m1 nor 9 any case ! same matt]1 t compos$ our bodies tw5ty or ?irty ye>s ago2 & yet we are consci\s ( be+ ! same p]sons4 ,ev5 legs & arms1 :i* make up almo/ half ! human frame1 are n necess>y to ! consci\sness ( exi/5ce4 ,^! may be lo/ or tak5 away & ! full consci\sness ( exi/5ce rema92 & 7 _! place suppli$ by w+s1 or o!r app5dages1 we _c conceive t x c\ld alt] our consci\sness ( exi/5ce4 ,9 %ort1 we "k n h[ mu*1 or r h[ little1 ( our composition x is1 & h[ exquisitely f9e t little is1 t creates 9 u ?is consci\sness ( exi/5ce2 & all beyond t is l ! pulp ( a pea*1 di/9ct & sep>ate f ! vegetative speck 9 ! k]nel4 ,:o c say by :at exce$+ f9e action ( f9e matt] x is t a ?\ght is produc$ 9 :at we call ! m9d8 & yet t ?\ght :5 produc$1 z ,i n[ produce ! ?\ght ,i am writ+1 is capable ( becom+ immortal1 & is ! only production ( man t has t capacity4 ,/atues ( brass & m>ble w p]i%2 & /atues made 9 imitation ( !m are n ! same /atues1 nor ! same workman%ip1 any m ?an ! copy ( a picture is ! same picture4 ,b pr9t & repr9t a ?\ght a ?\s& times ov]1 & t ) mat]ials ( any k9d1 c>ve x 9 wood1 or engrave x on /one1 ! ?\ght is et]nally & id5tically ! same ?\ght 9 e case4 ,x has a capacity ( unimpair$ exi/5ce1 unaffect$ by *ange ( matt]1 & is ess5tially di/9ct1 & ( a nature diff]5t f e ?+ else t we "k (1 or c conceive4 ,if !n ! ?+ produc$ has 9 itself a capacity ( be+ immortal1 x is m ?an a tok5 t ! p[] t produc$ x1 :i* is ! self-same ?+ z consci\sness ( exi/5ce1 c be immortal also2 & t z indep5d5tly ( ! matt] x 0 fir/ connect$ )1 z ! ?\ght is ( ! pr9t+ or writ+ x fir/ appe>$ 94 ,! "o idea is n m difficult to believe ?an ! o!r2 & we c see t "o is true4 ,t ! consci\sness ( exi/5ce is n dep5d5t on ! same =m or ! same matt]1 is demon/rat$ to our s5ses 9 ! works ( ! creation1 z f> z our s5ses are capable ( receiv+ t demon/ration4 ,a v num]\s "p ( ! animal creation prea*es to u1 f> bett] ?an ,paul1 ! belief ( a life h]eaft]4 ,_! little life resembles an e>? & a heav51 a pres5t & a future /ate2 & comprises1 if x may be s express$1 immortality 9 m9iature4 ,! mo/ beautiful p>ts ( ! creation to our eye are ! w+$ insects1 & !y are n s orig9ally4 ,!y acquire t =m & t inimitable brilliancy by progressive *anges4 ,! sl[ & creep+ cat]pill> worm ( to day1 passes 9 a few days to a torpid figure1 & a /ate resembl+ dea?2 & 9 ! next *ange comes =? 9 all ! m9iature magnific5ce ( life1 a spl5did butt]fly4 ,no resemblance ( ! =m] creature rema9s2 e ?+ is *ang$2 all 8 p[]s are new1 & life is to him ano!r ?+4 ,we _c conceive t ! consci\sness ( exi/5ce is n ! same 9 ?is /ate ( ! animal z be=e2 :y !n mu/ ,i believe t ! resurrection ( ! same body is necess>y to cont9ue to me ! consci\sness ( exi/5ce h]eaft]8 ,9 ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason4' ,i h call$ ! creation ! true & only real ^w ( ,god2 & ?is in/ance1 or ?is text1 9 ! book ( creation1 n only %[s to u t ?is ?+ may be s1 b t x is s2 & t ! belief ( a future /ate is a rational belief1 f\nd$ ^u facts visible 9 ! creation3 = x is n m difficult to believe t we %all exi/ h]eaft] 9 a bett] /ate & =m ?an at pres5t1 ?an t a worm %\ld become a butt]fly1 & quit ! dunghill = ! atmosph]e1 if we did n "k x z a fact4 ,z to ! d\btful j>gon ascrib$ to ,paul 9 #a ,cor9?ians xv41 :i* makes "p ( ! burial s]vice ( "s ,*ri/ian sect>ies1 x is z de/itute ( mean+ z ! toll+ ( a bell at ! fun]al2 x expla9s no?+ to ! und]/&+1 x illu/rates no?+ to ! imag9ation1 b leaves ! read] to f9d any mean+ if he c4 8,all fle%10 says he1 8is n ! same fle%4 ,!re is "o fle% ( m51 ano!r ( bea/s1 ano!r ( fi%es1 & ano!r ( birds40 ,& :at !n8 no?+4 ,a cook c\ld h said z mu*4 8,!re are also10 says he1 8bodies cele/ial & bodies t]re/rial2 ! glory ( ! cele/ial is "o & ! glory ( ! t]re/rial is ! o!r40 ,& :at !n8 no?+4 ,& :at is ! diff]5ce8 no?+ t he has told4 8,!re is10 says he1 8"o glory ( ! sun1 & ano!r glory ( ! moon1 & ano!r glory ( ! />s40 ,& :at !n8 no?+2 except t he says t "o /> diff]e? f ano!r /> 9 glory1 in/ead ( di/ance2 & he might z well h told u t ! moon did n %9e s bright z ! sun4 ,all ?is is no?+ bett] ?an ! j>gon ( a conjuror1 :o picks up phrases he does n und]/& to conf\nd ! cr$ul\s p :o come to h _! =tune told4 ,prie/s & conjurors are ( ! same trade4 ,sometimes ,paul affects to be a naturali/1 & to prove 8 sy/em ( resurrection f ! pr9ciples ( vegetation4 8,?\ fool0 says he1 8t :i* ?\ s[e/ is n quick5$ except x die40 ,to :i* "o might reply 9 8 own language1 & say1 ,?\ fool1 ,paul1 t :i* ?\ s[e/ is n quick5$ except x die n2 = ! gra9 t dies 9 ! gr\nd nev] does1 nor c vegetate4 ,x is only ! liv+ gra9s t produce ! next crop4 ,b ! metaphor1 9 any po9t ( view1 is no simile4 ,x is succession1 & n resurrection4 ,! progress ( an animal f "o /ate ( be+ to ano!r1 z f a worm to a butt]fly1 applies to ! case2 b ?is ( a gra9 does n1 & %[s ,paul to h be5 :at he says ( o!rs1 a fool4 ,:e!r ! f\rte5 epi/les ascrib$ to ,paul 7 writt5 by him or n1 is a matt] ( indiff]5ce2 !y are ei!r argum5tative or dogmatical2 & z ! argum5t is defective1 & ! dogmatical "p is m]ely presumptive1 x signifies n :o wrote !m4 ,& ! same may be said = ! rema9+ p>ts ( ! ,te/am5t4 ,x is n ^u ! ,epi/les1 b ^u :at is call$ ! ,gospel1 conta9$ 9 ! f\r books ascrib$ to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john1 & ^u ! pret5d$ prophecies1 t ! !ory ( ! *ur*1 call+ itself ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 is f\nd$4 ,! ,epi/les are dep5dant ^u ^?1 & mu/ foll[ _! fate2 = if ! /ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/ be fabul\s1 all reason+ f\nd$ ^u x1 z a suppos$ tru?1 mu/ fall ) x4 ,we "k f hi/ory1 t "o ( ! pr9cipal lead]s ( ?is *ur*1 ,a?anasius1 liv$ at ! "t ! ,new ,te/am5t 0 =m$2 ,a?anasius di$1 accord+ to ! ,*ur* *ronology1 9 ! ye> #cga--;,au?or4 & we "k also1 f ! absurd j>gon he has left u "u ! "n ( a cre$1 ! "* ( ! m5 :o =m$ ! ,new ,te/am5t2 & we "k also f ! same hi/ory t ! au!nticity ( ! books ( :i* x is compos$ 0 d5i$ at ! "t4 ,x 0 ^u ! vote ( su* z ,a?anasius t ! ,te/am5t 0 decre$ to be ! ^w ( ,god2 & no?+ c pres5t to u a m /range idea ?an t ( decree+ ! ^w ( ,god by vote4 ,^? :o re/ _! fai? ^u su* au?ority put man 9 ! place ( ,god1 & h no true f\ndation = future happ9ess4 ,cr$ulity1 h[ev]1 is n a crime1 b x becomes crim9al by resi/+ conviction4 ,x is /rangl+ 9 ! womb ( ! consci5ce ! ef=ts x makes to asc]ta9 tru?4 ,we %\ld nev] =ce belief ^u ourselves 9 any ?+4 ,i "h close ! subject on ! ,old ,te/am5t & ! ,new4 ,! evid5ce ,i h produc$ to prove !m =g]ies1 is extract$ f ! books !mselves1 & acts1 l a two-edge sword1 ei!r way4 ,if ! evid5ce be d5i$1 ! au!nticity ( ! ,scriptures is d5i$ ) x1 = x is ,scripture evid5ce3 & if ! evid5ce be admitt$1 ! au!nticity ( ! books is disprov$4 ,! contradictory impossibilities1 conta9$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t & ! ,new1 put !m 9 ! case ( a man :o swe>s = & aga9/4 ,ei!r evid5ce convicts him ( p]jury1 & equally de/roys reputation4 ,%\ld ! ,bible & ! ,te/am5t h]eaft] fall1 x is n t ,i h done x4 ,i h done no m ?an extract$ ! evid5ce f ! confus$ mass ( matt]s ) :i* x is mix$1 & arrang$ t evid5ce 9 a po9t ( light to be cle>ly se5 & easily compreh5d$2 &1 hav+ done ?is1 ,i leave ! read] to judge = himself1 z ,i h judg$ = myself4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,conclusion ,9 ! =m] "p ( #8,! ,age ( ,reason' ,i h spok5 ( ! ?ree frauds1 my/]y1 miracle1 & ,prophecy2 & z ,i h se5 no?+ 9 any ( ! answ]s to t "w t 9 ! lea/ affects :at ,i h !re said ^u ^? subjects1 ,i %all n encumb] ?is ,second ,"p ) additions t are n necess>y4 ,i h spok5 also 9 ! same "w ^u :at is cell$ revelation1 & h %[n ! absurd misapplication ( t t]m to ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t & ! ,new2 = c]ta9ly revelation is out ( ! "q 9 recit+ any ?+ ( :i* man has be5 ! actor or ! witness4 ,t :i* man has done or se51 ne$s no revelation to tell him he has done x1 or se5 x--= he kn[s x already--nor to enable him to tell x or to write x4 ,x is ignorance1 or imposition1 to apply ! t]m revelation 9 su* cases2 yet ! ,bible & ,te/am5t are class$ "u ?is fraudul5t description ( be+ all revelation4 ,revelation !n1 s f> z ! t]m has relation betwe5 ,god & man1 c only be appli$ to some?+ :i* ,god reveals ( 8 w to man2 b ?\gh ! p[] ( ! ,almighty to make su* a communication is necess>ily admitt$1 because to t p[] all ?+s are possible1 yet1 ! ?+ s reveal$ 7if any ?+ ev] 0 reveal$1 & :i*1 by ! bye1 x is impossible to prove7 is revelation to ! p]son only to :om x is made4 ,8 acc\nt ( x to ano!r is n revelation2 & :oev] puts fai? 9 t acc\nt1 puts x 9 ! man f :om ! acc\nt comes2 & t man may h be5 deceiv$1 or may h dream$ x2 or he may be an impo/or & may lie4 ,!re is no possible crit]ion :]eby to judge ( ! tru? ( :at he tells2 = ev5 ! morality ( x w\ld be no pro( ( revelation4 ,9 all su* cases1 ! prop] answ] %\ld be1 8,:5 x is reveal$ to me1 ,i w believe x to be revelation2 b x is n & _c be incumb5t ^u me to believe x to be revelation be=e2 nei!r is x prop] t ,i %\ld take ! ^w ( man z ! ^w ( ,god1 & put man 9 ! place ( ,god40 ,?is is ! mann] 9 :i* ,i h spok5 ( revelation 9 ! =m] "p ( ,! ,age ( ,reason2 & :i*1 :il/ x rev]5tially admits revelation z a possible ?+1 because1 z be=e said1 to ! ,almighty all ?+s are possible1 x prev5ts ! imposition ( "o man ^u ano!r1 & precludes ! wick$ use ( pret5d$ revelation4 ,b ?\gh1 speak+ = myself1 ,i ?us admit ! possibility ( revelation1 ,i totally disbelieve t ! ,almighty ev] did communicate any ?+ to man1 by any mode ( spee*1 9 any language1 or by any k9d ( vision1 or appe>ance1 or by any means :i* our s5ses are capable ( receiv+1 o!rwise ?an by ! univ]sal display ( himself 9 ! works ( ! creation1 & by t repugnance we feel 9 ourselves to bad actions1 & disposition to good ones4 ,a fair p>allel ( ! !n unkn[n aphorism ( ,kant3 8,two ?+s fill ! s\l ) wond] & rev]5ce1 increas+ ev]more z ,i m$itate m closely ^u !m3 ! />ry heav5s above me & ! moral law )9 me40 7,kritik d]praktis*5 ,v]nunfe1 #aghh74 ,kant's religi\s utt]ances at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution br\ght on him a royal m&ate ( sil5ce1 because he _h work$ out f 8! moral law )90 a pr9ciple ( human equality precisely simil> to t :i* ,pa9e _h d]iv$ f 8 ,quak] doctr9e ( ! 8inn] light0 ( e man4 ,ab\t ! same "t ,pa9e's writ+s 7 suppress$ 9 ,engl&4 ,pa9e did n und]/& ,g]man1 b ,kant1 ?\gh always indep5d5t 9 ! =mation ( 8 op9ions1 0 evid5tly well acqua9t$ ) ! lit]ature ( ! ,revolution1 9 ,am]ica1 ,engl&1 & ,france4--,editor4 ,! mo/ dete/able wick$ness1 ! mo/ horrid cruelties1 & ! greate/ mis]ies1 t h afflict$ ! human race h _h _! orig9 9 ?is ?+ call$ revelation1 or reveal$ religion4 ,x has be5 ! mo/ di%on\rable belief aga9/ ! "* ( ! div9ity1 ! mo/ de/ructive to morality1 & ! peace & happ9ess ( man1 t ev] 0 propagat$ s9ce man began to exi/4 ,x is bett]1 f> bett]1 t we admitt$1 if x 7 possible1 a ?\s& devils to roam at l>ge1 & to prea* publicly ! doctr9e ( devils1 if !re 7 any su*1 ?an t we p]mitt$ "o su* impo/or & mon/] z ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 ,samuel1 & ! ,bible prophets1 to come ) ! pret5d$ ^w ( ,god 9 8 m\?1 & h cr$it among u4 ,:5ce arose all ! horrid assass9ations ( :ole nations ( m51 wom51 & infants1 ) :i* ! ,bible is fill$2 & ! bloody p]secutions1 & tortures unto dea? & religi\s w>s1 t s9ce t "t h laid ,europe 9 blood & a%es2 :5ce arose !y1 b f ?is impi\s ?+ call$ reveal$ religion1 & ?is mon/r\s belief t ,god has spok5 to man8 ,! lies ( ! ,bible h be5 ! cause ( ! "o1 & ! lies ( ! ,te/am5t ( ! o!r4 ,"s ,*ri/ians pret5d t ,*ri/ianity 0 n e/abli%$ by ! sword2 b ( :at p]iod ( "t d !y speak8 ,x 0 impossible t twelve m5 c\ld beg9 ) ! sword3 !y _h n ! p[]2 b no soon] 7 ! pr(essors ( ,*ri/ianity suffici5tly p[]ful to employ ! sword ?an !y did s1 & ! /ake & faggot too2 & ,mahomet c\ld n d x soon]4 ,by ! same _s t ,pet] cut (f ! e> ( ! high prie/'s s]vant 7if ! /ory be true7 he w\ld cut (f 8 head1 & ! head ( 8 ma/]1 _h he be5 able4 ,besides ?is1 ,*ri/ianity gr\nds itself orig9ally ^u ! ,hebrew ,bible1 & ! ,bible 0 e/abli%$ altoge!r by ! sword1 & t 9 ! wor/ use ( x--n to t]rify1 b to extirpate4 ,! ,jews made no conv]ts3 !y but*]$ all4 ,! ,bible is ! sire ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & bo? are call$ ! ^w ( ,god4 ,! ,*ri/ians read bo? books2 ! m9i/]s prea* f bo? books2 & ?is ?+ call$ ,*ri/ianity is made up ( bo?4 ,x is !n false to say t ,*ri/ianity 0 n e/abli%$ by ! sword4 ,! only sect t has n p]secut$ are ! ,quak]s2 & ! only reason t c be giv5 = x is1 t !y are r ,dei/s ?an ,*ri/ians4 ,!y d n believe mu* ab\t ,jesus ,*ri/1 & !y call ! scriptures a dead lett]4 ,?is is an int]e/+ & correct te/imony z to ! beliefs ( ! e>li] ,quak]s1 "o ( :om 0 ,pa9e's fa!r4--,editor4 ,_h !y call$ !m by a worse "n1 !y _h be5 ne>] ! tru?4 ,x is incumb5t on e man :o rev]5ces ! "* ( ! ,creator1 & :o wi%es to less5 ! catalogue ( artificial mis]ies1 & remove ! cause t has s[n p]secutions ?ick among mank9d1 to expel all ideas ( a reveal$ religion z a dang]\s h]esy1 & an impi\s fraud4 ,:at is x t we h le>n$ f ?is pret5d$ ?+ call$ reveal$ religion8 ,no?+ t is useful to man1 & e ?+ t is di%on\rable to 8 ,mak]4 ,:at is x ! ,bible tea*es u8--rep9e1 cruelty1 & murd]4 ,:at is x ! ,te/am5t tea*es u8--to believe t ! ,almighty committ$ debau*]y ) a woman engag$ to be m>ri$2 & ! belief ( ?is debau*]y is call$ fai?4 ,z to ! fragm5ts ( morality t are irregul>ly & ?9ly scatt]$ 9 ^? books1 !y make no "p ( ?is pret5d$ ?+1 reveal$ religion4 ,!y are ! natural dictates ( consci5ce1 & ! bonds by :i* society is held toge!r1 & )\t :i* x _c exi/2 & are ne>ly ! same 9 all religions1 & 9 all societies4 ,! ,te/am5t tea*es no?+ new ^u ?is subject1 & :]e x attempts to exce$1 x becomes mean & ridicul\s4 ,! doctr9e ( n retaliat+ injuries is mu* bett] express$ 9 ,prov]bs1 :i* is a collection z well f ! ,g5tiles z ! ,jews1 ?an x is 9 ! ,te/am5t4 ,x is !re said1 7,xxv4 #b ,i7 8,if ?9e enemy be hungry1 give him bread to eat2 & if he be ?ir/y1 give him wat] to dr9k30 ,accord+ to :at is call$ ,*ri/'s s]mon on ! m\nt1 9 ! book ( ,mat!w1 :]e1 among "s o!r & good ?+s1 a great deal ( ?is feign$ morality is introduc$1 x is !re expressly said1 t ! doctr9e ( =be>ance1 or ( n retaliat+ injuries1 0 n any "p ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,jews2 b z ?is doctr9e is f\nd 9 8,prov]bs10 x mu/1 accord+ to t /atem5t1 h be5 copi$ f ! ,g5tiles1 f :om ,*ri/ _h le>n$ x4 ,^? m5 :om ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian idolators h abusively call$ hea!n1 _h mu* bett] & cle>] ideas ( ju/ice & morality ?an are to be f\nd 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 s f> z x is ,jewi%1 or 9 ! ,new4 ,! answ] ( ,solon on ! "q1 8,:i* is ! mo/ p]fect popul> govemm5t10 has nev] be5 exce$$ by any man s9ce 8 "t1 z conta9+ a maxim ( political morality1 8,t10 says he1 8:]e ! lea/ injury done to ! meane/ individual1 is consid]$ z an insult on ! :ole con/itution40 ,solon liv$ ab\t #ejj ye>s be=e ,*ri/4--,au?or4 b :5 x is said1 z 9 ! ,te/am5t1 8,if a man smite !e on ! "r *eek1 turn to him ! o!r also10 x is assass9at+ ! dignity ( =be>ance1 & s9k+ man into a spaniel4 ,lov+1 ( enemies is ano!r dogma ( feign$ morality1 & has besides no mean+4 ,x is incumb5t on man1 z a morali/1 t he does n rev5ge an injury2 & x is equally z good 9 a political s5se1 = !re is no end to retaliation2 ea* retaliates on ! o!r1 & calls x ju/ice3 b to love 9 proportion to ! injury1 if x c\ld be done1 w\ld be to (f] a premium = a crime4 ,besides1 ! ^w enemies is too vague & g5]al to be us$ 9 a moral maxim1 :i* ought always to be cle> & def9$1 l a prov]b4 ,if a man be ! enemy ( ano!r f mi/ake & prejudice1 z 9 ! case ( religi\s op9ions1 & sometimes 9 politics1 t man is diff]5t to an enemy at he>t ) a crim9al int5tion2 & x is incumb5t ^u u1 & x contributes also to our own tranquillity1 t we put ! be/ con/ruction ^u a ?+ t x w be>4 ,b ev5 ?is errone\s motive 9 him makes no motive = love on ! o!r "p2 & to say t we c love volunt>ily1 & )\t a motive1 is morally & physically impossible4 ,morality is injur$ by prescrib+ to x duties t1 9 ! fir/ place1 are impossible to be p]=m$1 & if !y c\ld be w\ld be productive ( evil2 or1 z be=e said1 be premiums = crime4 ,! maxim ( do+ z we w\ld be done unto does n include ?is /range doctr9e ( lov+ enemies2 = no man expects to be lov$ himself = 8 crime or = 8 enmity4 ,^? :o prea* ?is doctr9e ( lov+ _! enemies1 are 9 g5]al ! greate/ p]secutors1 & !y act consi/5tly by s do+2 = ! doctr9e is hypocritical1 & x is natural t hypocrisy %\ld act ! rev]se ( :at x prea*es4 ,= my own "p1 ,i dis[n ! doctr9e1 & consid] x z a feign$ or fabul\s morality2 yet ! man does n exi/ t c say ,i h p]secut$ him1 or any man1 or any set ( m51 ei!r 9 ! ,am]ican ,revolution1 or 9 ! ,fr5* ,revolution2 or t ,i h1 9 any case1 return$ evil = evil4 ,b x is n incumb5t on man to rew>d a bad action ) a good "o1 or to return good = evil2 & :]ev] x is done1 x is a volunt>y act1 & n a duty4 ,x is also absurd to suppose t su* doctr9e c make any "p ( a reveal$ religion4 ,we imitate ! moral "* ( ! ,creator by =be>+ ) ea* o!r1 = he =be>s ) all2 b ?is doctr9e w\ld imply t he lov$ man1 n 9 proportion z he 0 good1 b z he 0 bad4 ,if we consid] ! nature ( our condition "h1 we mu/ see !re is no occasion = su* a ?+ z reveal$ religion4 ,:at is x we want to "k8 ,does n ! creation1 ! univ]se we behold1 prea* to u ! exi/5ce ( an ,almighty p[]1 t gov]ns & regulates ! :ole8 ,& is n ! evid5ce t ?is creation holds out to our s5ses inf9itely /rong] ?an any ?+ we c read 9 a book1 t any impo/] might make & call ! ^w ( ,god8 ,z = morality1 ! k ( x exi/s 9 e man's consci5ce4 ,"h we are4 ,! exi/5ce ( an ,almighty p[] is suffici5tly demon/rat$ to u1 ?\gh we _c conceive1 z x is impossible we %\ld1 ! nature & mann] ( its exi/5ce4 ,we _c conceive h[ we came "h ourselves1 & yet we "k = a fact t we are "h4 ,we mu/ "k also1 t ! p[] t call$ u into be+1 c if he please1 & :5 he pleases1 call u to acc\nt = ! mann] 9 :i* we h liv$ "h2 & !re=e )\t seek+ any o!r motive = ! belief1 x is rational to believe t he w1 = we "k be=eh& t he c4 ,! probability or ev5 possibility ( ! ?+ is all t we ought to "k2 = if we knew x z a fact1 we %\ld be ! m]e slaves ( t]ror2 our belief w\ld h no m]it1 & our be/ actions no virtue4 ,deism !n tea*es u1 )\t ! possibility ( be+ deceiv$1 all t is necess>y or prop] to be kn[n4 ,! creation is ! ,bible ( ! dei/4 ,he !re reads1 9 ! h&-writ+ ( ! ,creator himself1 ! c]ta9ty ( 8 exi/5ce1 & ! immutability ( 8 p[]2 & all o!r ,bibles & ,te/am5ts are to him =g]ies4 ,! probability t we may be call$ to acc\nt h]eaft]1 w1 to reflect+ m9ds1 h ! influ5ce ( belief2 = x is n our belief or disbelief t c make or unmake ! fact4 ,z ?is is ! /ate we are 91 & :i* x is prop] we %\ld be 91 z free ag5ts1 x is ! fool only1 & n ! philosoph]1 nor ev5 ! prud5t man1 t w live z if !re 7 no ,god4 ,b ! belief ( a ,god is s weak5$ by be+ mix$ ) ! /range fable ( ! ,*ri/ian cre$1 & ) ! wild adv5tures relat$ 9 ! ,bible1 & ! obscurity & obsc5e nons5se ( ! ,te/am5t1 t ! m9d ( man is bewild]$ z 9 a fog4 ,view+ all ^! ?+s 9 a confus$ mass1 he conf\nds fact ) fable2 & z he _c believe all1 he feels a disposition to reject all4 ,b ! belief ( a ,god is a belief di/9ct f all o!r ?+s1 & ought n to be conf\nd$ ) any4 ,! notion ( a ,tr9ity ( ,gods has enfeebl$ ! belief ( "o ,god4 ,a multiplication ( beliefs acts z a division ( belief2 & 9 proportion z any?+ is divid$1 x is weak5$4 ,religion1 by su* means1 becomes a ?+ ( =m in/ead ( fact2 ( notion in/ead ( pr9ciple3 morality is bani%$ to make room = an imag9>y ?+ call$ fai?1 & ?is fai? has its orig9 9 a suppos$ debau*]y2 a man is prea*$ in/ead ( a ,god2 an execution is an object = gratitude2 ! prea*]s daub !mselves ) ! blood1 l a troop ( assass9s1 & pret5d to admire ! brilliancy x gives !m2 !y prea* a humdrum s]mon on ! m]its ( ! execution2 !n praise ,jesus ,*ri/ = be+ execut$1 & condemn ! ,jews = do+ x4 ,a man1 by he>+ all ?is nons5se lump$ & prea*$ toge!r1 conf\nds ! ,god ( ! ,creation ) ! imag9$ ,god ( ! ,*ri/ians1 & lives z if !re 7 none4 ,( all ! sy/ems ( religion t ev] 7 inv5t$1 !re is none m d]ogatory to ! ,almighty1 m un$ify+ to man1 m repugnant to reason1 & m contradictory 9 itself1 ?an ?is ?+ call$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,too absurd = belief1 too impossible to conv9ce1 & too inconsi/5t = practice1 x r5d]s ! he>t torpid1 or produces only a!i/s & fanatics4 ,z an eng9e ( p[]1 x s]ves ! purpose ( despotism2 & z a means ( weal?1 ! av>ice ( prie/s2 b s f> z respects ! good ( man 9 g5]al1 x leads to no?+ "h or h]eaft]4 ,! only religion t has n be5 inv5t$1 & t has 9 x e evid5ce ( div9e orig9ality1 is pure & simple deism4 ,x mu/ h be5 ! fir/ & w probably be ! la/ t man believes4 ,b pure & simple deism does n answ] ! purpose ( despotic gov]nm5ts4 ,!y _c lay hold ( religion z an eng9e b by mix+ x ) human inv5tions1 & mak+ _! own au?ority a "p2 nei!r does x answ] ! av>ice ( prie/s1 b by incorporat+ !mselves & _! functions ) x1 & becom+1 l ! gov]nm5t1 a p>ty 9 ! sy/em4 ,x is ?is t =ms ! o!rwise my/]i\s connection ( *ur* & /ate2 ! *ur* human1 & ! /ate tyrannic4 ,7 a man impress$ z fully & /rongly z he ought to be ) ! belief ( a ,god1 8 moral life w\ld be regulat$ by ! =ce ( belief2 he w\ld /& 9 awe ( ,god1 & ( himself1 & w\ld n d ! ?+ t c\ld n be conceal$ f ei!r4 ,to give ?is belief ! full opportunity ( =ce1 x is necess>y t x acts alone4 ,?is is deism4 ,b :51 accord+ to ! ,*ri/ian ,tr9it>ian s*eme1 "o "p ( ,god is repres5t$ by a dy+ man1 & ano!r "p1 call$ ! ,holy ,gho/1 by a fly+ pigeon1 x is impossible t belief c atta* itself to su* wild conceits4 ,! book call$ ! book ( ,mat!w1 says1 7iii4 #af17 t ! ,holy ,gho/ desc5d$ 9 ! %ape ( a dove4 ,x might z well h said a goose2 ! creatures are equally h>mless1 & ! "o is z mu* a nons5sical lie z ! o!r4 ,acts1 ii4 #b1 #c1 says1 t x desc5d$ 9 a mighty ru%+ w9d1 9 ! %ape ( clov5 tongues3 p]haps x 0 clov5 feet4 ,su* absurd /uff is fit only = tales ( wit*es & wiz>ds4--,au?or4 ,x has be5 ! s*eme ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 & ( all ! o!r inv5t$ sy/ems ( religion1 to hold man 9 ignorance ( ! ,creator1 z x is ( gov]nm5t to hold him 9 ignorance ( 8 rights4 ,! sy/ems ( ! "o are z false z ^? ( ! o!r1 & are calculat$ = mutual support4 ,! /udy ( !ology z x /&s 9 ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 is ! /udy ( no?+2 x is f\nd$ on no?+2 x re/s on no pr9ciples2 x proce$s by no au?orities2 x has no data2 x c demon/rate no?+2 & admits ( no conclusion4 ,n any ?+ c be /udi$ z a sci5ce )\t our be+ 9 possession ( ! pr9ciples ^u :i* x is f\nd$2 & z ?is is n ! case ) ,*ri/ian !ology1 x is !re=e ! /udy ( no?+4 ,in/ead !n ( /udy+ !ology1 z is n[ done1 out ( ! ,bible & ,te/am5t1 ! mean+s ( :i* books are always controv]t$1 & ! au!nticity ( :i* is disprov$1 x is necess>y t we ref] to ! ,bible ( ! creation4 ,! pr9ciples we discov] !re are et]nal1 & ( div9e orig93 !y are ! f\ndation ( all ! sci5ce t exi/s 9 ! _w1 & mu/ be ! f\ndation ( !ology4 ,we c "k ,god only ?r\gh 8 works4 ,we _c h a conception ( any "o attribute1 b by foll[+ "s pr9ciple t leads to x4 ,we h only a confus$ idea ( 8 p[]1 if we h n ! means ( compreh5d+ some?+ ( its imm5sity4 ,we c h no idea ( 8 wisdom1 b by kn[+ ! ord] & mann] 9 :i* x acts4 ,! pr9ciples ( sci5ce lead to ?is k2 = ! ,creator ( man is ! ,creator ( sci5ce1 & x is ?r\gh t m$ium t man c see ,god1 z x 71 face to face4 ,c\ld a man be plac$ 9 a situation1 & end[$ ) p[] ( vision to behold at "o view1 & to contemplate delib]ately1 ! /ructure ( ! univ]se1 to m>k ! movem5ts ( ! sev]al planets1 ! cause ( _! v>y+ appe>ances1 ! un]r+ ord] 9 :i* !y revolve1 ev5 to ! remote/ comet1 _! connection & dep5d5ce on ea* o!r1 & to "k ! sy/em ( laws e/abli%$ by ! ,creator1 t gov]ns & regulates ! :ole2 he w\ld !n conceive1 f> beyond :at any *ur* !ology c tea* him1 ! p[]1 ! wisdom1 ! va/ness1 ! munific5ce ( ! ,creator4 ,he w\ld !n see t all ! k man has ( sci5ce1 & t all ! me*anical arts by :i* he r5d]s 8 situation com=table "h1 are d]iv$ f t s\rce3 8 m9d1 exalt$ by ! sc5e1 & conv9c$ by ! fact1 w\ld increase 9 gratitude z x increas$ 9 k3 8 religion or 8 wor%ip w\ld become unit$ ) 8 improvem5t z a man3 any employm5t he foll[$ t _h connection ) ! pr9ciples ( ! creation1--z ev]y?+ ( agriculture1 ( sci5ce1 & ( ! me*anical arts1 has1--w\ld tea* him m ( ,god1 & ( ! gratitude he owes to him1 ?an any !ological ,*ri/ian s]mon he n[ he>s4 ,great objects inspire great ?\ghts2 great munific5ce excites great gratitude2 b ! grovell+ tales & doctr9es ( ! ,bible & ! ,te/am5t are fit only to excite contempt4 ,?\gh man _c arrive1 at lea/ 9 ?is life1 at ! actual sc5e ,i h describ$1 he c demon/rate x1 because he has k ( ! pr9ciples ^u :i* ! creation is con/ruct$4 ,we "k t ! greate/ works c be repres5t$ 9 model1 & t ! univ]se c be repres5t$ by ! same means4 ,! same pr9ciples by :i* we measure an in* or an acre ( gr\nd w measure to millions 9 ext5t4 ,a circle ( an in* diamet] has ! same geometrical prop]ties z a circle t w\ld circumscribe ! univ]se4 ,! same prop]ties ( a triangle t w demon/rate ^u pap] ! c\rse ( a %ip1 w d x on ! ocean2 &1 :5 appli$ to :at are call$ ! heav5ly bodies1 w asc]ta9 to a m9ute ! "t ( an eclipse1 ?\gh ^? bodies are millions ( miles di/ant f u4 ,?is k is ( div9e orig92 & x is f ! ,bible ( ! creation t man has le>n$ x1 & n f ! /upid ,bible ( ! *ur*1 t tea*es man no?+4 ,! ,bible-mak]s h und]tak5 to give u1 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis1 an acc\nt ( ! creation2 & 9 do+ ?is !y h demon/rat$ no?+ b _! ignorance4 ,!y make !re to h be5 ?ree days & ?ree nights1 ev5+s & morn+s1 be=e !re 0 any sun2 :5 x is ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( ! sun t is ! cause ( day & night--& :at is call$ 8 ris+ & sett+ t ( morn+ & ev5+4 ,besides1 x is a pu]ile & pitiful idea1 to suppose ! ,almighty to say1 8,let !re be light40 ,x is ! imp]ative mann] ( speak+ t a conjuror uses :5 he says to 8 cups & balls1 ,pre/o1 be gone--& mo/ probably has be5 tak5 f x1 z ,moses & 8 rod is a conjuror & 8 w&4 ,long9us calls ?is expression ! sublime2 & by ! same rule ! conjur] is sublime too2 = ! mann] ( speak+ is expressively & grammatically ! same4 ,:5 au?ors & critics talk ( ! sublime1 !y see n h[ ne>ly x bord]s on ! ridicul\s4 ,! sublime ( ! critics1 l "s p>ts ( ,edmund ,burke's sublime & beautiful1 is l a w9dmill j visible 9 a fog1 :i* imag9ation might di/ort into a fly+ m\nta91 or an ar*angel1 or a flock ( wild geese4--,au?or4 ,all ! k man has ( sci5ce & ( ma*9]y1 by ! aid ( :i* 8 exi/5ce is r5d]$ com=table ^u e>?1 & )\t :i* he w\ld be sc>cely di/+ui%able 9 appe>ance & condition f a common animal1 comes f ! great ma*9e & /ructure ( ! univ]se4 ,! con/ant & unwe>i$ obs]vations ( our ance/ors ^u ! movem5ts & revolutions ( ! heav5ly bodies1 9 :at are suppos$ to h be5 ! e>ly ages ( ! _w1 h br\ght ?is k ^u e>?4 ,x is n ,moses & ! prophets1 nor ,jesus ,*ri/1 nor 8 apo/les1 t h done x4 ,! ,almighty is ! great me*anic ( ! creation1 ! fir/ philosoph]1 & orig9al tea*] ( all sci5ce4 ,let u !n le>n to rev]5ce our ma/]1 & n =get ! lab\rs ( our ance/ors4 ,_h we1 at ?is day1 no k ( ma*9]y1 & 7 x possible t man c\ld h a view1 z ,i h be=e describ$1 ( ! /ructure & ma*9]y ( ! univ]se1 he w\ld soon conceive ! idea ( con/ruct+ "s at lea/ ( ! me*anical works we n[ h2 & ! idea s conceiv$ w\ld progressively advance 9 practice4 ,or c\ld a model ( ! univ]se1 su* z is call$ an orr]y1 be pres5t$ be=e him & put 9 motion1 8 m9d w\ld arrive at ! same idea4 ,su* an object & su* a subject w\ld1 :il/ x improv$ him 9 k useful to himself z a man & a memb] ( society1 z well z ent]ta9+1 af=d f> bett] matt] = impress+ him ) a k (1 & a belief 9 ! ,creator1 & ( ! rev]5ce & gratitude t man owes to him1 ?an ! /upid texts ( ! ,bible & ! ,te/am5t1 f :i*1 be ! tal5ts ( ! prea*]2 :at !y may1 only /upid s]mons c be prea*$4 ,if man mu/ prea*1 let him prea* some?+ t is edify+1 & f ! texts t are kn[n to be true4 ,! ,bible ( ! creation is inexhau/ible 9 texts4 ,e "p ( sci5ce1 :e!r connect$ ) ! geometry ( ! univ]se1 ) ! sy/ems ( animal & vegetable life1 or ) ! prop]ties ( inanimate matt]1 is a text z well = devotion z = philosophy--= gratitude1 z = human improvem5t4 ,x w p]haps be said1 t if su* a revolution 9 ! sy/em ( religion takes place1 e prea*] ought to be a philosoph]4 ,mo/ c]ta9ly1 & e h\se ( devotion a s*ool ( sci5ce4 ,x has be5 by w&]+ f ! immutable laws ( sci5ce1 & ! light ( reason1 & sett+ up an inv5t$ ?+ call$ 8reveal$ religion10 t s _m wild & blasphem\s conceits h be5 =m$ ( ! ,almighty4 ,! ,jews h made him ! assass9 ( ! human species1 to make room = ! religion ( ! ,jews4 ,! ,*ri/ians h made him ! murd]] ( himself1 & ! f\nd] ( a new religion to sup]s$e & expel ! ,jewi% religion4 ,& to f9d pret5ce & admission = ^! ?+s1 !y mu/ h suppos$ 8 p[] or 8 wisdom imp]fect1 or 8 w *angeable2 & ! *angeabl5ess ( ! w is ! imp]fection ( ! judgem5t4 ,! philosoph] kn[s t ! laws ( ! ,creator h nev] *ang$1 ) respect ei!r to ! pr9ciples ( sci5ce1 or ! prop]ties ( matt]4 ,:y !n is x to be suppos$ !y h *ang$ ) respect to man8 ,i "h close ! subject4 ,i h %[n 9 all ! =ego+ p>ts ( ?is "w t ! ,bible & ,te/am5t are impositions & =g]ies2 & ,i leave ! evid5ce ,i h produc$ 9 pro( ( x to be refut$1 if any "o c d x2 & ,i leave ! ideas t are sugge/$ 9 ! conclusion ( ! "w to re/ on ! m9d ( ! read]2 c]ta9 z ,i am t :5 op9ions are free1 ei!r 9 matt]s ( govemm5t or religion1 tru? w f9ally & p[]fully prevail4 ,,end ,,( ,,"p ,,ii