---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,transcrib]'s notes3 ,! scans on :i* ?is e-book 0 bas$ h be5 g5]\sly made available by ! ,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,! orig9al text has be5 pres]v$ = ?is e-book1 includ+ 7m9or7 inconsi/5cies 7= example1 "r-h& v4 "r h&74 ,! footnote has be5 mov$ to directly und]nea? ! section x ref]s to4 ,transcription us$ 9 ?is e-text3 italics 9 ! orig9al are pres5t$ "h betwe5 und]scores1 z 9 text2 small capitals 9 ! orig9al docum5t are pres5t$ "h z ,,all ,,capitals4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,api>y ,inspection4 ,bullet9 ,no4 #g;,a4 ,! ,commonweal? ( ,massa*usetts4 ,,/ate ,,bo>d ,,( ,,agriculture4 ,,s(t ,,c&y ,,= ,,bees4 ,,by ,,dr4 ,,burton ,n4 ,,gates4 ,,f ,,! ,,sixty-,,fir/ ,,annual ,,report ,,( ,,! ,,/ate ,,bo>d ,,( ,,agriculture4 ,illu/ration ,,bo/on3 ,,wright ,,pott] ,,pr9t+ ,,co41 ,,/ate ,,pr9t]s1 #cb ,,d]ne ,,/reet4 #aiad4 ,,approv$ ,,by ,,! ,,/ate ,,bo>d ,,( ,,publication4 ,,s(t ,,c&y ,,= ,,bees4 ,,! ,,s-,,call$ ,,full] ,,c&y ,,= ,,que5 ,,cages1 ,,transportation ,,( ,,combless ,,colonies1 ,,/imulative ,,& ,,g5]al ,,fe$+4 ,! well-in=m$ beekeep] has le>n$ t x is unwise & haz>d\s to fe$ "u any circum/ances honey 9 any =m1 ev5 ?\gh x be f 8 own api>y4 ,!re h be5 _m sad & g5]al infections ) bee diseases by su* ungu>d$ fe$+4 ,?us x has become almo/ an axiom1 ,fe$ no honey4 ,consequ5tly1 sub/itutes h necess>ily be5 adopt$ & among ^! are sug> syrups ( v>i\s dilutions & compositions2 h>d c&y1 :i* is virtually a taffy2 & rec5tly1 ! s-call$ ,full] c&y1 :i* is a s(t fondant1 n dissimil> to ! fondant ( *ocolate creams4 ,= sev]al ye>s ,mr4 ,full] ( ,black/one1 ,mass41 z well z o!rs1 has be5 exp]im5t+ ) ?is modifi$ ,engli% c&y1 :i* %\ld n h>d5 beyond usefulness4 ,beekeep]s ( ,massa*usetts & else:]e ab\t ! c\ntry h f\nd x advantage\s to use ?is z a sub/itute = honey or syrup4 ,s num]\s are ! inquiries & satisfactory ! results1 t x seems desirable to prep>e in=mation 9 pr9t$ =m4 ,! s(t c&y has num]\s advantages & possibilities4 ,x is f\nd to be a mo/ satisfactory /imulative fe$2 a food = bees 9 transit1 ei!r full colonies on combs1 9 combless packages1 or = que5s 9 mail+ cages4 ,x is also f\nd satisfactory & advantage\s z w9t] /ores4 ,colonies h be5 obs]v$ to leave natural /ores = ! c&y4 ,?is has occurr$ 9 colonies out ( doors or 9 ! cell> dur+ w9t]1 z well z ) colonies :i* are fly+4 ,"s ( ! advantages ( ! c&y are ! ease ) :i* x is h&l$ or suppli$2 ! fact t x may be made up 9 quantities & /or$ until ne$$ = use2 its failure to excite robb+2 ! ability to provision colonies ) kn[n am\nts or weights2 & its fre$om f bee disease infection4 ,x is fur!rmore f\nd to be economical1 !re be+ no wa/e by evaporation or spill+1 z is ! case ) liquid fe$s4 ,x is prov+ exce$+ly practical 9 all fe$+ purposes & me?ods4 ,! c&y may be made 9 any degree ( h>dness or s(tness1 accord+ to ! pref]5ce ( ! individual or ! ne$s ( ! season4 ,z is inf]r$ above1 x may be made & /or$ = mon?s & ev5 ye>s if prop]ly h&l$4 ,x may be mold$ 9 pulp1 or wood5 pie-plates1 %all[ t9s or specially con/ruct$ fe$]s 7see ,figs4 #a & #b71 division-bo>d fe$]s1 ov]head or sup] fe$]s1 or bo>ds may be nail$ to ! side ( a frame & ! c&y p\r$ & mold$ )9 ! frame1 all[+ ?is to be hung 9 ! hive adjac5t to ! clu/]4 ,) ! c&y may be mix$ poll5 sub/itutes1 b ^! are z yet 9 ! exp]im5tal /age1 & _! effici5cy or satisfactor9ess is unc]ta94 ,! late/ =mula or recipe = ! cream1 or s(t c&y1 fondant1 :i* is practically a confection]'s recipe1 is z foll[s3-- #ab p\nds granulat$ sug>4 #a-a_/b p\nds liquid glucose4#a #a-a_/d qu>ts wat] 7equals #dj ounces1 :i* equals #e cupfuls74 #a_/d teaspoonful 7ab\t7 cream ( t>t>1 add$ :5 ! temp]ature rea*es ab\t #bcj deg4 ,f4 or #aaj deg4 ,c4 ,boil to #bch deg4 ,f4 or #aad4d deg4 ,c4 #a ,granul> or cry/al glucose may be us$1 mix+ x ) ! usual am\nt ( wat]4 ,x may be desirable to modify ! am\nt ( glucose4 ,! measurem5ts %\ld be accurate4 ,a wood5 paddle :ittl$ ab\t a foot long1 ) a #b-;in* blade1 is f\nd to be sup]ior to a spoon 9 /irr+ or beat+ ! c&y4 ,a confection]'s !rmomet] is an advantage4 ,^? exp]i5c$ 9 mak+ maple sug> may disp5se ) ! !rmomet]1 al?\gh m accurate results are obta9$ by us+ x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--,^! are ! usual & conv5i5t types ( c&y box or fe$]4 ,! "r-h& "o is plac$ z x w\ld appe> on ! top ( ! frames4 ,notice t "o end is slightly elevat$4 ,to its left is a box ( c&y1 :i* is d>k]1 be+ made ) ,c(fee ,a sug>2 ! glass side ( ?is faces out1 z also 9 ! upp] box4 ,! box at ! extreme left %[s ! surface ( :ite c&y1 made ) granulat$ sug>2 x also %[s ! projection :i* tilts ! box4 ,^u x is a pie plate fill$ ) ! c&y1 :i* may be inv]t$ ^u ! frames4 7,au?or's illu/ration47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--,molds 9 ! =m ( division-bo>d fe$]s 7left-h& mold fill$ ) c&y2 "r h&1 empty74 ,! l[] frames are ! /&>d ,lang/ro? dim5sions2 ! upp] are ,b5ton nuclei frames4 ,! c5tral box %[s ! position ( a fe$] on top ( ! frames4 7,au?or's illu/ration47 ,z soon z ! sug> has begun to dissolve1 prior to boil+1 ! spoon or paddle us$ 9 /irr+ %\ld be remov$ f ! kettle4 ,! c&y %\ld n be /irr$ :ile cook+2 to d x w cause a co>se gra94 ,remove f ! /ove & cool to #abe deg4-#acj deg4 ,f4 7or #ea4f deg4-#ed4d deg4 ,c471 :5 ! specifi$ boil+ po9t has be5 rea*$4 ,:ile cool+1 9 ord] to equalize ! temp]ature1 ! mass may be /irr$2 or pref]ably1 :5 cool$ to ! specifi$ degree1 x %\ld be /irr$ until x comm5ces to gra94 ,mr4 ,full]'s directions are to /ir vigor\sly until ! mass appe>s 9 color & consi/5cy l boil$ />* or pa/e4 ,at once p\r into molds or fe$]s & cool4 ,f9e-gra9 ,fondant = ,que5 ,cages4--,ano!r way to cool ! c&y is to prep>e a m>ble slab #b or #c feet squ>e ) b>s ( squ>e iron1 mak+ a =m4 ,! c&y may be p\r$ ^u ! m>ble1 & ) broad putty knives1 simil> to ^? us$ by pap] hang]s1 ! mass may be beat5 or work$ ^u ! m>ble4 ,exp]i5ce tea*es t ?is1 :i* is virtually a confection]'s me?od1 produces a f9] gra9 & usually a :it] fondant ?an :5 /irr$ 9 ! kettle4 ,?is is ! process 9 prep>+ c&y = use 9 que5 mail+ cages1 or ! transportation ( bees4 ,by x1 a firm] consi/5cy is usually obta9$4 ,z a w>n+ or explanation x may be said t ! high] ! temp]ature at :i* ! c&y is boil$ ! h>d] x w become2 consequ5tly1 by v>y+ ! boil+ po9t at :i* ! c&y is remov$ f ! /ove1 ! h>dness or s(tness ( ! product may be gov]n$4 ,fur!rmore1 z is ! exp]i5ce ( confection mak]s1 c&y %\ld be boil$ to "o or two degrees high] on cl\dy or humid days ?an on a cle>1 dry day4 ,by means ( a !rmomet] & a little exp]i5ce1 ^! features are readily le>n$4 ,/or+ ! ,c&y4--,! fondant is be/ /or$ 9 e>!n crocks1 ei!r z a mass or 9 ! fe$]s4 ,^! pres]ve ! normal moi/ure4 ,ov] ! mass %\ld be plac$ a %eet ( p>aff9 pap] ^u :i* is a moi/ clo? or t[el4 ,! crock %\ld be cov]$4 ,que5-cage c&y %\ld always be kept 9 ?is way 9 ord] to pres]ve its consi/5cy4 ,simil>ly1 c&y mold$ 9 fe$]s may be /or$ 9 l>ge crocks or t9s4 ,remak+ ! ,c&y4--,if at any "t ! c&y h>d5s f any cause1 ei!r 9 mak+1 /orage or 9 use1 x may be s(t5$ by ! application ( a few drops ( wat]4 ,fur!rmore1 x may be remov$ f ! molds & recook$ to ! desir$ consi/5cy4 ,to recook1 add a small am\nt ( wat] & boil z be=e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4--,:5 ! bees ( a /rong colony eat up ! c&y almo/ entirely1 !y n infrequ5tly build combs1 & h be5 kn[n ev5 to re> brood1 9 ! box4 ,?is %[s 7upp] "p ( ! picture1 9 corn]s7 ! rema9+ c&y ^u :i* ! bees 7 /ill at "w1 also hav+ atta*$ combs to ! glass4 ,"s beekeep]s h remov$ su* a box ( combs & brood1 />t+ !re f a new colony4 ,9 ord] to get ! correct relation ( ! picture1 hold x directly above y\r head4 ,! combs w !n appe> p5dul\s f ! glass1 & 9 _! correct position1 z if lift$ (f f ! tops ( ! frames4