,e ,man ,8 ,own ,univ]sity              
,by ,,russell ,h4 ,,conwell             
,e ,man's ,univ]sity                    
,animals & ,! ,lea/ ,?+s                
,! ,bottom ,rung                        
,?\ghtfulness                           
,in/9cts & ,individuality       ,,volume
 #d      ,,national     ,,ext5sion      
,,univ]sity      #eig ,fif? ,av5ue1 ,new
 ,york       ,,obs]vation--,,e ,,man ,,8
 ,,own ,,univ]sity      ,copyright1     
#aiag1 by ,h>p]  ,bro!rs     ,pr9t$ 9 ! 
,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica     ,i  ,,e     
,,man',s ,,univ]sity   ,a di/9ct        
univ]sity walks ab\t "u ea* man's hat4  
,! only man :o a*ieves success 9 ! o!r  
univ]sities ( ! _w1 & 9 ! l>g] univ]sity
 ( life1 is ! man :o has fir/ tak5 8    
graduate c\rse & 8 po/-graduate c\rse 9 
! univ]sity "u 8 hat4 ,!re obs]vation   
furni%es a daily *ange 9 ! curriculum4  
,books are n ! orig9al s\rces ( p[]1 b  
obs]vation1 :i* may br+ to u all wide   
exp]i5ce1 deep ?9k+1 f9e feel+1 & ! p[] 
to act = oneself1 is ! v dynamo ( p[]4  

,)\t obs]vation1 lit]ature & m$itation  
are %[] & sun%9e ^u unbrok5 soil4 ,only 
^? s*ools & colleges are true s*ools &  
colleges :i* reg>d x z ! *ief bus9ess ( 
all _! tea*+ to p]suade ^? "u _! *>ge to
 see m p]fectly :at !y are look+ at1 to 
f9d :at !y %\ld h be5 unable to obs]ve  
_h x n be5 = _! s*ool in/ruction4 ,y c't
 make a good arr[ f a pig's tail1 & y c 
seldom get a man wor? :ile out ( "o :o  
has gone ?r\gh ! e>ly "p ( 8 life )\t   
hav+ le>n$ to be al]t :5 ?+s are to be  
se5 or he>d4 ,john ,/u>t ,blackie says t
 x is a/oni%+ h[ mu* we all g ab\t ) our
 eyes wide op5 & see no?+1 & ,doctor    
,johnson says t "s m5 %all see m :ile   
rid+ t5 miles ^u ! top ( an omnibus1 ?an
 "s o!rs %all see 9 rid+ ov] ! cont95t4 
,h[ to obs]ve %\ld be ! motto1 n only 9 
! beg9n+ ( our life1 b ?r\gh\t our c>e]4
 ,) ! same intellectual gifts1 int]e/$ 9
 ! same ideas1 two m5 walk side by side 
?r\gh ! same sc5]y & meet ! same p4 ,"o 
man has _h mu* inspiration f ! c\ntry   
trav]s$1 & has be5 int5t ^u all t he has

 se5 & he>d among ! p4 ,! o!r has caught
 no inspiration f beauty or bird or     
blossom1 & only ! trivialities ( ! p h  
amus$ him4#a  ,a travel] 9 ,a!ns or     
,rome1 ,p>is or ,london1 may be %[n ^!  
cities by a pr(essional guide1 & yet ga9
 only a smatt]+ ( :at ^! cities hold 9  
/ore = him1 & rememb] little ( :at he   
has se54 ,ano!r travel]1 unatt5d$ by a  
guide1 b obs]vant ( ev]y?+ t comes to 8 
eyes & e>s1 w c>ry away /ores f 8 visit 
to ^? cities1 :i* %all be ( life-long   
int]e/ & be s]viceable to all :o %all   
travel 8 way4 ,! solit>y b obs]vant     
/rang] 9 a c\ntry almo/ always pr(its   
mo/ f 8 travels4 ,he is compell$ to     
notice b\lev>ds & build+s1 p>ks & p2 & e
 day ( 8 travels is a lesson 9          
obs]vation t accu/oms him to rememb] all
 he has once se54 ,! newspap]           
correspond5ts ( o!r days _h no          
guide-books or guides1 & !y 7 entire    
/rang]s 9 ! places !y visit$4 ,!y reli$ 
entirely ^u !mselves to f9d _! way1 & to
 discov] ev]y?+ t 0 valuable & int]e/+4 

,!y f\nd mu* t ! mod]n guide ei!r       
ov]looks or disreg>ds1 & wrote = ! pap]s
 at home :at w\ld mo/ int]e/ & in/ruct  
_! read]s4  ,:5 ,h5ry ,m4 ,/anley fir/  
visit$ ,j]usalem he insi/$ t ! dragoman 
9 *>ge ( 8 p>ty %\ld keep all guides &  
guide-books out ( 8 sight4 ,9 two days  
,/anley knew ! /reets & ! location ( !  
,temple & ! ,holy ,sepul*] & all !      
notable places 9 t old city4 ,if ,/anley
 is to-day kn[n z "o ( ! mo/ intellig5t 
( travel]s1 x is ma9ly because he       
excell$ 9 daily obs]vation1 :i* e "o :o 
?9ks = himself recognizes z ! supreme   
acquisition ( a lib]al education4 ,he   
(t5 said t he knew ,rome1 ,naples1 &    
,vi5na f> bett] ?an he knew ,new ,york1 
:]e he _h liv$ _m ye>s ( 8 life4 ,9 t he
 resembl$ ! re/ ( humanity1 :o g5]ally  
"k less ab\t :at is notable 9 _! home   
places1 ?an obs]vant visitors "k :o /ay 
!re only a %ort "t dur+ _! travels4 ,:at
 we pay = 9 "t & labor seems m          
valuable--no?+ pay1 no?+ value4  ,a     
great =eign correspond5t ( 8 day1 ,h5ry 

,w4 ,*amb]s1 rema9$ only six h\rs at    
,baalbek1 ne> ,damascus2 yet he wrote ! 
cle>e/ description t probably ev] 0     
writt5 ( ! magnific5t temples at        
,baalbek--& he wrote ^! descriptions1   
too1 at ,hong-,kong1 aft] _m & v>i$     
exp]i5ces :ile visit+ o!r places (      
great] importance4 ,_m ar*eologi/s &    
lit]>y m5 be=e him _h visit$ ! moat ( ! 
great =tress at ,baalbek4 ,/ill1 !y _h  
nev] obs]v$ z ,*amb]s obs]v$1 & s !y    
miss$ see+ ! arr[-heads & all ! o!r     
w>like in/rum5ts us$ 9 ^? anci5t days1  
:i* _h la9 unnotic$ among ^? huge pill>s
 & great f\ndation-/ones4  ,al?\gh      
,g5]al ,lew ,wallace liv$ a long "t at  
,j]usalem1 he only imag9$ t !re might h 
be5 an inn] dungeon und]nea? ! great    
prison2 s :5 he wrote ,b5 ,hur he put 8 
lepr\s h]o9e into ?is imag9>y           
prison-h\se4 ,a s*ool-tea*] f nor!rn    
,engl&1 ) h] t\ri/-c&le1 aft]w>d f\nd ! 
doorway ( ?is prison :i* ,wallace _h    
only imag9$ to be !re4 ,on _! way f     
,egypt & ,pale/9e to ! ,euphrates1      

travel]s _h = c5turies pass$ ov] ! same 
pa? 9 ! des]t2 b x 0 res]v$ = a cutt] ( 
m>ble inscriptions1 aft] all ^!         
c5turies1 to obs]ve ! ,rosetta ,/one1 by
 ! help ( :i* ar*eologi/s c n[ read !   
inscriptions ^u ! tablets 9 ! anci5t    
palaces ( ,babylon & ,n9evah4  ,millions
 & millions _h se5 ! lid ( a teakettle  
bobb+ up & d[n ov] ! boil+ wat] be=e t  
,scot*man1 ,watt1 obs]v$ x :ile mak+    
wat*es4 ,b he 0 ! fir/ ( all ^? millions
 ^: close obs]vation l$ him to          
inve/igate ?is =ce ( boil+ wat] 9 !     
teakettle4 ,!n he appli$ ?is p[] to !   
/eam-eng9e1 :i* is /ill ! great propell+
 =ce ( ! _w4 ,f ! "t ( ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed5   
apples _h fall5 9 ! or*>ds ( ! _w1 ?r\gh
 all ! h>ve/-days4 ,( all ! billions t  
_h se5 apples fall+1 only ,sir ,isaac   
,newton obs]v$ ! law ( gravitation t 0  
involv$ 9 _! fall+4  ,all ! great       
discov]]s began ) ne>ly ! same meag]    
p[]s = obs]vation t ! re/ ( ! _w has1 b 
e>ly 9 life came to value above all o!r 
m5tal p[]s ?is incalculable p[] to      

closely notice2 & ea* made 8 realm (    
obs]vation mu* ri*] = 8 discov]ies4  ,:y
 d ! majority ( u g ?r\gh life see+ no?+
 ( ! millions ( m>vel\s tru?s & facts   
:ile only a few keep _! eyes & e>s wide 
op5 & e day are busy 9 pil+ up :at !y h 
obs]v$6 ,! loss ( our in/9cts seems to  
be ! price we pay to-day = ! few m9or   
acquisitions we get f s*ool & college2  
we put out our bra9s to make room = our 
le>n+4 ,! man :o assidu\sly cultivates 8
 p[]s ( obs]vation & ?us ga9s daily f 8 
exp]i5ces :at helps him to see f>!r &   
cle>] ev]y?+ 9 life t is wor? see+1 has 
giv5 himself a discipl9e t is mu* m     
important ?an ! discipl9e ( all ! s*ools
 & ! colleges )\t x4 ,! greate/         
text-books ( ! greate/ univ]sities are  
only ! records ( ! obs]vations ( "s     
close obs]v] ^: bett] p[]s ( see+ ?+s _h
 be5 acquir$ ma9ly :ile he 0 tak+ 8     
c\rses 9 t univ]sity "u 8 hat4  ,!      
intellect is bo? telescope & microscope2
 if x is rightly us$1 x %all obs]ve     
?\s&s ( ?+s :i* are too m9ute & too     

di/ant = ^? :o ) eyes & e>s nei!r see   
nor he>4 ,! intellect c be made to look 
f> beyond ! range ( :at m5 & wom5       
ord9>ily see2 b n all ! colleges 9 ! _w 
c alone conf] ?is p[]--?is is ! rew>d ( 
self-culture2 ea* mu/ acquire x =       
himself2 & p]haps ?is is :y ! p[] (     
obs]v+ deeply & widely is s mu* (t5]    
f\nd 9 ^? m5 & ^? wom5 :o h nev] cross$ 
! ?re%old ( any college b ! ,univ]sity (
 ,h>d ,knocks4      ,! quick5+ p[] (    
sci5ce only he     ,c "k1 f ^: own s\l x
 gu%es free4  ,:5 we look back ov] our  
life & reflect h[ _m ?+s we might h se5 
& he>d _h we tra9$ our p[]s (           
obs]vation1 we seem to h climb$ little &
 to h sp5t mo/ ( our "t ^u plateaus1    
:ile our a*ievem5ts seem little bett]   
?an scrat*es ^u black m>ble4 ,mank9d has
 a great] e/eem = ! degrees conf]r$ by !
 ,univ]sity ( ,obs]vation & ,exp]i5ce   
?an = all ! o!r degrees ( all o!r       
,univ]sities 9 ! _w4 ,! only ?+ t seems 
mo/ to w9 ! respect ( real m5 & wom5 = !
 degrees conf]r$ by colleges is ! fact t

 ! graduates h fir/ ga9$ all t close    
obs]vation & wide exp]i5ce c conf]4  ,! 
lives ( ! m5 & ! wom5 :o h be5 wor? :ile
 keep rem9d+ u h[ va/ly m important is  
?is education f ceaseless obs]vation ?an
 all ! m]e le>n+ f s*ool c\rses4 ,x     
takes t5 p\nds ( ! /uff gott5 f         
obs]vation & exp]i5ce to c>ry "o p\nd ( 
s*ool le>n+ wisely4 ,! ?9k+ man w nev]  
ask y :at college y h gone ?r\gh1 b :at 
college has gone ?r\gh y2 & ! ability & 
habit ( obs]v+ deeply & broadly is !    
prep>ation we all ne$ t ! college may g 
?r\gh u4 ,confucius ( ,*9a1 ,kito (     
,japan1 ,goe! ( ,g]many1 ,arnold (      
,engl&1 ,l9coln & ,edison ( ,am]ica1 /& 
:]e !y /& to-day 9 ?\ght & action solely
 because !y _h 9 a ma/]ly way educat$ _!
 p[] ( m9ute att5tion4 ,9 build+ up a   
huge bus9ess or 9 amass+ enorm\s ri*es1 
su* m5 z ,ro?s*ild1 ,rockefell]1 &      
,c>negie %[ u especially h[ vitally     
important to all mat]ial success is     
/eadfa/ att5dance at ! s*ool ( att5tion4
  ,! colleges t to-day are advanc+ mo/  

rapidly 9 e/eem are ^? :i* are recogniz+
 m & m ! importance ( obs]vation4 ,!y   
require _! m5 to sp5d "s portion ( _!   
college "t 9 ga9+ exp]i5ce 9 _! v>i\s   
l9es ?r\gh obs]v+ ! practical work+s (  
_! call+2 m$ical /ud5ts are 9 hospitals2
 /ud5ts ( law att5d c\rts2 !ological    
/ud5ts engage 9 mission "w2 & eng9e]s   
are f\nd 9 %ops4 ,nei!r lectures nor    
speculations c take ! place ( ^!        
exp]i5ces2 ea* is helpful to ! o!r4 ,:5 
only "o may be _h1 ! exp]i5ce f obs]v+  
actual "w is f> m important4            
,opportunities = obs]vation ( practical 
matt]s1 along ) !ory1 is ! mod]n idea   
t[>d :i* all ! be/ mod]n in/itutions are
 t5d+ 9 _! ef=ts to fit m5 = ! active   
bus9ess ( life4  ,nor has greatness f   
c>eful obs]vation & l>ge exp]i5ce       
di/+ui%$ m5 ( action alone4 ,%akespe>e1 
,goe!1 ,bunyan1 ,burns1 ,:itti]1        
,longfell[1 ,james ,:itcomb ,riley1 & a 
ho/ ( ! great m5 ( philosophy1 sci5ce1 &
 lit]ature are :]e !y are to-day 9 !    
e/eem ( _! fell[ m51 & 9 _! s]vice to   

humanity1 because !y 7 ! ke5e/ among !  
m5 acute 9 obs]vation4  ,footnote #a3 ,!
 failure to obs]ve is /rik+ly prov$ by  
practical exp]im5t 9 ! psy*ological     
laboratory4 ,reproductions ( a famili>  
or unfamili> sc5e are plac$ 9 ! obs]v]s'
 h&s & !y are in/ruct$ to /udy !        
reproductions c>efully & to rememb] :at 
!y see4 ,aft] #e m9utes c>eful /udy1 !  
reproductions are tak5 away & a s]ies ( 
que/ions conc]n+ !m are put to !        
obs]v]s4 ,! contradictory answ]s to ^!  
que/ions is /rik+ly eloqu5t ( !         
all-too-human inability to obs]ve4 ,hugo
 ,mun/]b]g1 ! fam\s psy*ologi/1 made a  
numb] ( psy*ological exp]im5ts to       
det]m9e ! limits ( error 9 obs]vation z 
^! limits affect ! cr$ibility (         
witnesses 9 ! c\rt room4 ,"s ( 8 f9d+s  
are summ>iz$ 9 ,on ! ,witness ,/&4  ,y\r
 good newspap] report] is a tra9$ obs]v]
 :o describes exactly :at he sees4 ,yet 
! mann] 9 :i* ev5 ! tra9$ obs]v] fails  
to obs]ve correctly is unfail+ly        
demon/rat$ by ! widely diff]+ acc\nts ( 

! same occurr5ce z report$ 9 ! v>i\s    
newspap]s ( a community4  ,"o ( ! be/   
ways to le>n to obs]ve correctly & 9    
detail is to take a ha/y glance at !    
display 9 a /ore w9d[1 pass on & attempt
 to recall t :i* y h se51 ! numb] (     
objects1 :at !y 71 etc41 & !n *eck y\r  
obs]v+ faculties by return+ to ! w9d[ & 
li/+ its cont5ts4 ,cont9u$ practice (   
?is sort w greatly increase y\r obs]v+  
p[]s4 ,p]haps ! mo/ fam\s kn[n expon5t (
 ?is me?od = tra9+ ! obs]v+ faculties 0 
,h\d9i1 ! fam\s magician1 :o describes !
 me?od 9 detail & 8 exp]i5ces 9 apply+ x
 9 8 memoirs4     ,,ii  ,,animals ,,&   
,,! ,,lea/ ,,?+s   ,! b5efits br\ght to 
humanity ?r\gh ! /udy ( l[] animal life 
are incalculable1 & c\ld n be told 9 "o 
book4 ,) all t vivisection & po/-mortem 
dissection h reveal$ to sci5tific       
exam9]s1 contagi\s & infecti\s diseases 
h be5 ne>ly remov$ f ! human family4 ,we
 h be5 taught to live bett] f obs]v+    
animal habits 9 se>*+ = food1 9 build+  
_! habitats1 9 _! mode ( liv+1 9 _! fe> 

( man1 & 9 ! me?ods !y adopt to pres]ve 
_! heal?4 ,all ?is k has be5 ga9$ = u1 =
 ! upbuild+ ( humanity1 ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( 
close obs]v]s4 ,!y h /udi$ ! cat by !   
he>?1 ! dog by ! door1 ! horses 9 !     
pa/ure & /all1 ! pigs 9 _! p5s1 & ! %eep
 9 _! folds4 ,closely associat$ ) !     
inve/igators ( animal life are ^? :o h  
obs]v$ ! orig91 habits1 & influ5ce (    
birds1 insects1 & creep+ ?+s4  ,b :at we
 h le>n$ f animals 9 ! pa/ seems only a 
trifle 9 comp>ison ) :at !y w tea* :5 we
 g to !m ) m s]i\s purpose & m c>efully 
obs]ve !m4 ,! lead]s 9 all ^!           
inve/igations ( animal life h all be5   
di/+ui%$ = _! p[] to discov] 9 animals  
:at has escap$ o!r p4  ,pr(essor ,d>w9's
 close obs]vation ( ! doves he f$ at 8  
door op5$ up to him important sugge/ions
 & laid ! f\ndation = 8 great treatise1 
,! ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,:5 ,pr(essor     
,niles ( ! ,bo/on ,s*ool ( ,te*nology 0 
a boy he caught a m9n[ :ile return+ f   
s*ool4 ,at 8 fa!r's sugge/ion he put !  
fi% into a simple aqu>ium & /udi$ its   

movem5ts4 ,:5 x di$ he c>efully exam9$  
its p>ts "u a microscope--& ?is exp]i5ce
 0 ! beg9n+ ( 8 va/ k ( ! animal realm4 
,:ile a ,philadelphia cl]gyman 0 visit+ 
a f>m] 9 nor!rn ,new ,j]sey1 ! family   
became p]turb$ because _! dog _h gone   
mad4 ,!y fa/5$ x 9 ! kit*5 & s\ght      
somebody to kill x by %oot+ at x ?r\gh !
 w9d[4 ,a neighbor obs]v$ ! dog c>efully
 & told !m x 0 poison$4 ,he advis$ !    
family to loose x 9 ord] t x might get  
"s antidote = itself 9 field or =e/4 ,he
 told !m t cats1 cattle1 & horses are   
(t5 compell$ to f9d an antidote = "s    
poison\s h]b !y h eat51 & t ! animals "k
 m ab\t su* ?+s ?an any tea*] 9 ! m$ical
 s*ools4 ,z soon z ! dog 0 unfa/5$ he   
ha/5$ across ! field to a brook1 & ate a
 we$ t 0 gr[+ beside ! wat]4 ,! dog soon
 return$ to ! h\se1 & ate he>tily aft] a
 two weeks' fa/4  ,! cl]gyman _h foll[$ 
! dog & obs]v$ ! plant :i* x _h eat54   
,aft] ! dog _h return$ to ! h\se he     
uproot$ ! plant & took "s ( its leaves  
to a ,philadelphia firm ( *emi/s4 ,act+ 

^u ! firm's advice1 he s5t ! leaves to !
 ,smi?sonian ,in/itution at ,wa%+ton1 & 
!y 7 f\nd to be a valuable antidote =   
poison4 ,n only 0 humanity giv5 a bett] 
m$ic9e f ?is discov]y1 b ! cl]gyman also
 d]iv$ a compet5cy f x4 ,?is rem$y =    
poison+ is (t5 us$ 9 prescriptions2 s   
ev5 doctors sometimes g to ! dogs =     
in/ructions4  ,l ,pr(essor ,agassiz &   
,sir ,oliv] ,lodge1 _m f9d _! be/       
in/ructors 9 dome/ic animals4 ,! f[ls   
ar\nd ! h\se & ! b>n may be :ole        
univ]sities = develop+ ! sci5ces4 ,?r\gh
 h] dep5d5ce on nature ! h5 is a m      
effici5t in/ructor ?an ! majority (     
college pr(essors4 ,%e kn[s by in/9ct s 
mu* ( ! laws ( nature t wise m5 may sit 
at h] feet or h] bill & le>n4 ,p]haps %e
 may seem a little fooli% 9 proclaim+ h]
 a*ievem5ts 9 egg-lay+ by a cackle1 b h]
 k ( ! necessities ( life1 h] c>eful    
ov]sight ( h] brood1 ! way %e uses h]   
feet & h] w+s1 h] =ekn[l$ge ( approa*+  
/orms1 h] means ( def5d+ h]self :5      
attack$ by hawks1 h] k ( ! =mation ( !  

egg & ( ! prop] "t to break ! %ell = !  
release ( h] *ick--all ^! are wor?y ( ! 
att5tion ( ev5 ! greate/ sci5ti/s4  ,9  
an address at a p\ltry-m5's conv5tion1  
,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes said t *ick5s    
seem to h 9 !m mu* m to /udy ?an did    
,d>w9's doves4 ,:ile ,holmes 0 once     
summ]+ at ,k5nebunkport1 ,ma9e1 he tra9$
 five *ick5s to come at 8 call1 to fly  
^u 8 head1 & to leap ) op5 bills to cat*
 a k]nel ( corn4 ,be=e ! season clos$ ! 
*ick5s w\ld come to 8 b$room ev5 aft] he
 _h retir$--mak+ x necess>y1 z ,doctor  
,holmes said1 = ! l&lord to s]ve !m up =
 d9n]4 ,doctor ,holmes's p>ody on       
,longfell['s ,a ,psalm ( ,life %[s :at a
 c>eful obs]v] he 04 ,:ile "s (         
,longfell['s admir]s res5t$ ! p>ody z a 
slight1 ,longfell[ himself always treat$
 x z complim5t>y4 ,he once told ,james  
,t4 ,fields t1 9 "o c\plet ( ! p>ody1   
,holmes _h excell$ ! entire orig9al     
poem3      ,n l muffl$ drums be beat+   
,on ! inside ( ! %ell4  ,longfell[ told 
,fields t !re are always millions ( m5  

/&+ l *ick5s 9 ! %ell1 ) w+s !y "k n h[ 
to use1 hav+ calls to a l>g] life       
outside ( :i* !y c see no?+2 t "s peck  
away until dead on ! inside ( ! %ell1   
:ile o!rs1 assi/$ by a fri5d on !       
outside1 /ep out into a life beautiful &
 complete4  ,9 ! egg or molecule we get 
ne>] to ,god ?an we d ?r\gh ! telescope 
or by encircl+ ! e>?4 ,he :o liv$ ne>e/ 
! fir/ cause gets ! be/ inspiration =   
visions ( all great] sights or ev5ts2 s 
! cottage is a happi] place ?an ! palace
 = him :o wi%es to get bett] acqua9t$ ) 
:at %all ar\se f9] ?\ght & feel+4 ,!    
cottage is ! be/ prep>atory s*ool = !   
mansion1 provid$ always t ! cottage     
c\rse has be5 ?or\gh4 ,he :o has worn 8 
cottage life ) manly dignity %all be !  
man to we> 8 mansion life ) composure4  
,em]son said ! entire sy/em ( ?+s gets  
repres5t$ 9 e p>ticle4  ,uneasy is !    
head t we>s ! cr[n1 & un=tunate is ! man
 :o gets a smatt]+ ( _m ?+s yet does n  
"k ev5 "o small ?+ ?or\ghly4 ,! p[] (   
little ?+s to give in/ruction & happ9ess

 %\ld be ! fir/ lesson 9 life1 & x %\ld 
be inculcat$ deeply4 ,! *ief ne$ ( ?is  
discont5t$ & s9ful _w is to compreh5d t 
9 "o blade ( grass or ! %ad+ ( an ev5+  
cl\d !re is suffici5t rev]5ce to fill ! 
l>ge/ he>t1 & suffici5t sci5ce to occupy
 ! greate/ passion4  ,we saw a delicate 
blue fl[] 9 ! grass ?is morn+ :i* ,i _h 
nev] notic$ be=e4 ,x seem$ a diff]5t    
fl[] f ea* angle &1 :5 put "u a         
magnify+-glass1 _h colors ,i _h nev]    
notic$ be=e 9 fl[] or art4 ,! field :]e 
x 0 gr[+ _h be5 famili> to me =         
?reescore ye>s & t51 yet ! fl[] 0       
entirely new to me4 ,x 0 s da9ty &      
attractive & inspir+ t ,i felt ,i _h lo/
 some?+ important to my spiritual gr[?  
all ^! ye>s--some?+ l ! exp]i5ce (      
,virgil1 ,guizot1 ,c>lyle1 ,grotius1 or 
l ,t5nyson 9 ! ,holy ,grail1 :o decl>es 
t he _h left a real & wond]ful life     
beh9d to foll[ ! unkn[n4 ,?is little    
fl[] 9 ! morn+ sunlight awakes ?\ghts ( 
ye>s long pa/--( ! faces ( m>%al$ ho/s (
 battle1 ( eyes deep & calm ) ! smile ( 

a lov+ "m's welcome1 ( ! great =giv5ess 
9 a fa!r's affection4  ,_h ,i f\nd t    
fl[] sev5ty ye>s be=e1 ,i believe my    
appreciation ( ! ,div9e ,p[] w\ld h be5 
great]1 my he>t w\ld h be5 m satisfi$1  
my s\l m fully illum9at$ & p]vad$ by a  
holi] peace4 ,we lose ourselves 9 all   
attempts to grasp ! cause ( :i* ?is     
small fl[] is ! result4 ,x is impossible
 to f9d words to convey ! /range        
emotions :i* ?is newly f\nd fl[] ar\s$1 
& to tell ( ! di/ant realms my          
imag9ation visit$ :ile ,i m$itat$ !re4  
,if we w\ld free ourselves f ! p]plex+  
c>es :i* our daily duties dem&2 if we   
w\ld =get ! worries ( ea* day2 if !     
losses & disappo9tm5ts & ! wrongs ( _m  
ye>s did n press !mselves ^u u2 if !    
dem&s ( _m duties & ! dem&s ^u our      
att5tion & ! calls ( fri5ds did n       
int]rupt--we c\ld f9d 9 contemplat+ ?is 
wee fl[] ( ! field a fund ( happ9ess :i*
 ye>s ( sorr[ & mis=tune c\ld n de/roy4 
,bacon & ,burke & ,niebuhr discov]$ h[  
mu* ( gr&eur c come into a life f !     

little ?+s ab\t u1 b !y all discov]$ x  
:5 x 0 too late to g back & live ! ideal
 life ( simplicity & individuality :i* 0
 sugge/$ to !m by a drop ( wat] & a     
humm+-bird4 ,! smalle/ ?+s are ! l>ge/ 9
 importance1 if !y br+ into our lives ! 
l>ge/ ?\ghts & feel+s & an inc5tive to  
l>ge/ actions = self & humanity4 ,:y are
 we =ev] look+ ^u ! horizon = :at ^u    
clos] view lies at our feet8 ,^! little 
beauties ( ! field rebuke ! w&]] & !    
em95t man :5 x says to all ! _w1 ) a    
sweet smile & a da9ty p\t1 ,y c\ld h    
f\nd m 9 my life ?an has ev] be5 le>n$ f
 ! sages4  ,:ile ,z9z5dorf 0 /r&$ ne>ly 
a ye> ^u a t9y isl&1 8 vigor\s m9d 0 =c$
 to occupy itself 9 obs]v+ ! objects ^u 
! %ore2 8 exam9ations ( ! colors 9 !    
clam-%ell l$ him to say lat] 9 life1 at 
a meet+ ( philosoph]s1 t a lifetime /udy
 ( ^! colors %\ld develop m ( !         
beautiful ?an all ! manufactur$ color   
comb9ations !n kn[n4  ,art has n yet be5
 able to comb9e ! %ades %[n 9 ! %ell (  
an oy/]1 & ! w+s ( ! ,june bug h be5    

enl>g$ & copi$ by color$ photography1 & 
w greatly influ5ce all art h]eaft]4     
,man's ne$s %all be be/ suppli$ by      
beg9n+ at ! s\rce & foll[+ ! ,creator 9 
develop+ !m into ?+s ( beauty & s]vice4 
,al?\gh ! ,agricultural ,dep>tm5t at    
,wa%+ton sp5t eight million doll>s 9 !  
/udy ( se$s & _! gr[? by s5d+ exp]ts to 
roam ov] ! _w = inve/igations1 yet !    
obs]vations ( ,lu!r ,burbank & _m l     
inve/igators 9 ! agricultural colleges  
?r\gh\t ! c\ntry h made _m m important  
discov]ies4 ,_! obs]vations h br\ght    
ab\t a great] increase ( production to !
 acre ?an all ! results ( ^? :o roam$ ! 
e>? = ! ,gov]nm5t1 & no "o w\ld say t _!
 "w 0 n a fair inve/m5t = ! nation4     
,obs]vation conv9ces u t ! soon] we get 
d[n to ! simplicities ( life1 ! long] & 
heal?i] & nobl] %all life become4 ,!    
heal?ie/ are ^? ) "o loaf & a natural   
hung] along ) x4 ,! noble/ lives are ^? 
:o are anxi\s to become z div9e z x is  
possible = !m to be1 are ev] al]t =     
little de$s ( k9dness4 ,h[ mu* ri*] life

 ! poet lives :o c sympa?ize ) !        
field-m\se1 l ,burns6 ,:o is lift$      
heav5w>d by ! fr+$ g5tian1 l ,bryant8   
,:o gets ! messages ( peace f ! fro/$   
pumpk91 l ,riley8 ,l ,%akespe>e1 we too 
may f9d tongues 9 trees1 books 9 runn+  
brooks1 s]mons 9 /ones1 & good 9 ev]y?+1
 if we w b use our eyes = see+1 our e>s 
= he>+1 our heads = und]/&+1 & our he>ts
 = feel+4 ,! ,poor ,man's ,univ]sity    
gives its c\rses ev]y:]e1 & no entrance 
exam9ation is requisite o!r ?an a m9d   
will+ to conc5trate ^u ! sublime objects
 :i*1 by ! million1 lie )9 our vision4  
,,iii  ,,! ,,bottom ,,rung   ,almo/ e   
day ( 8 life an ,am]ican is rem9d$ t    
necessity is ! "m ( inv5tion4 ,x ne$s   
only a little reflection & obs]vation to
 realize h[ mu* ,am]ican y\? are bless$ 
9 ! examples ( _! c\ntrym5 :o h come f !
 humble/ /ations 9 life & h ris5 ?r\gh  
%e] pluck & p]sev]ance to honor &       
helpfulness4  ,we are indebt$ ma9ly to !
 g5ius & ! obs]vation ( poor m5 = !     
great inv5tions :i* h s mu* contribut$  

to ! com=t1 ! conv5i5ce1 ! *e]fulness1 &
 ! p[] ( life4 ,!y h giv5 u /eam z a    
motive p[]1 ! locomotive1 ! telegraph1 !
 typewrit]1 ! telephone1 ! automobile1 !
 victrola1 ! air%ip4 ,! great advances t
 h be5 made 9 agriculture ?r\gh m[]s1   
reap]s1 plant]s1 & special se$s & fruits
 are entirely ! results ( _! /eadfa/    
p]sev]ance4 ,nobody ev] e>ne/ly rea*es  
out = a ?+ until he feels t he ne$s x1  
consequ5tly1 ! sons & daught]s ( ! ri*  
are seldom ! b5efactors ( humanity 9 !  
way s _m poor m5 & wom5 h be5 ?r\gh !   
inv5tions :i* h light5$ ! drudg]y (     
millions ( homes1 z well z increas$     
m>vel\sly ! productions ( ! soil & ( !  
factory4 ,_h ! tal5ts ( ! ri* be5 put to
 ! te/ by hung] or cold or ! _m o!r     
inc5tives to vigor\s ?\ght & action :i* 
impel ! poor1 !y also might h _m        
inv5tions to _! cr$it1 = ! long+ ( !    
normal s\l furni%es ! basis ( all !     
wor?y activities ( life4  ,! greate/    
drawback = ri* m5's sons & daught]s is 9
 hav+ all _! wants suppli$ f !          

bank-acc\nt ( indulg5t p>5ts4 ,!y are   
taught nei!r indu/ry1 economy1 nor      
self-control1 :i* (t5 makes !m a social 
m5ace4 ,!y lack appreciation = s _m ( ! 
?+s 9 life :i* help to bright5 ! pa? ( !
 poor1 solely because !y h nev] ne$$ !m4
 ,a hungry boy :o has /ood on ! outside 
( a bak]y1 cl++ to a nickel & fight+ a  
battle ) himself :e!r to inve/ x 9 a bit
 ( bread or to take x home to 8 "m1 :o  
has _h nei!r breakfa/ nor d9n]1 fully   
und]/&s ! value ( a doll>4  ,!          
sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,pat5t ,(fice at ,wa%+ton
 has confirm$ ! (ficial report ( ! ,fr5*
 ,pat5t ,(fice--t !re has be5 no        
inv5tion ( especial value :i* has n be5 
ei!r f\nd or improv$ ^u by "s poor man4 
,! be/ life-pres]v] 0 inv5t$ by a sailor
 :o _h fall5 ov]bo>d & _h be5 ne>ly     
dr[n$4 ,an obscure native ( a du*y      
bord]$ on ?ree sides by p[]ful nations  
inv5t$ ! quick-fir+ gun1 :i* c fire six 
hundr$ %ots :ile ! ord9>y gun is be+    
load$4 ,x 0 a poor ,cambridge ma*9i/1 ^:
 family (t5 suff]$ f lack ( food1 :o    

inv5t$ ! sew+-ma*9e1 :i* has *ang$ !    
condition ( home life ?r\gh\t ! _w1 &   
reliev$ wom5 ( "o ( _! great h\sehold   
burd5s4 ,! %ip's *ronomet] 0 made       
practical = navigation by a man :o _h   
be5 lo/ at sea & despair$ ( ev] aga9    
rea*+ ! %ore4 ,! locomotive1 :i* has    
contribut$ m ?an any o!r "o ?+ to !     
spread ( our p ov] our va/ c\ntry1 0    
giv5 to ! _w by an ,engli%man1          
,/eph5son1 :o 9 e>ly life _h be5 s poor 
t he _h little s*ool+4  ,m ?an eight    
hundr$ agricultural inv5tions 7 pat5t$ 9
 #aije & #aijf1 & e "o ( !m is !        
inv5tion ( "s poor man or woman4  ,z    
inv5tors1 wom5 h 9 rec5t ye>s become    
close competitors ( m51 & f kit*5       
ut5sils to floor cov]+ h add$ mu* to    
home com=t & home furni%+4 ,all !       
h\sehold articles exhibit$ lately 9 a   
l>ge %op 9 ,*icago 7 ei!r inv5t$ or     
improv$ by wom54 ,!y h inv5t$ _m ?+s =  
agriculture1 = manufactur+1 & = s*ool   
furni%+s--& n a few ( ! great pat5ts :i*
 h be5 issu$ to m5 %\ld h be5 issu$ to  

_! wives4 ,wom5 h (t5 awak$ an idea :i* 
m5 h wr\ght out = practical purposes4 ,!
 majority ( ! b5efactors ( ! _w made _! 
discov]ies to relieve "s necessity :i*  
oppress$ !m p]sonally4 ,?is is          
especially true ( /ock-bre$+1 :]e !     
improvem5ts ( obs]vant m5 h s greatly   
increas$ ! value ( dome/ic animals4  ,! 
value ( any /udy dep5ds entirely ^u :at 
x has done = u & :at we are do+ ) x4    
,l[ell says t m]e le>n+ is z            
insignificant z ! collection ( old      
po/age-/amps4 ,pr(essor ,vir*[ 0 oblig$ 
to try v>i\s foods 9 8 exp]im5ts ) 8 own
 cats1 be=e he discov]$ :at has ev] s9ce
 be5 ( su* b5efit to all bre$]s (       
animals ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,f ! e>lie/ days !
 bee has (f]$ a /ore ( ! mo/ useful     
in=mation1 b x w\ld nev] h be5 kn[n _h x
 n be5 = su* pati5t obs]v]s z ,hub]1 :o1
 al?\gh bl9d1 discov]$ m ab\t bees ?an !
 _w _h ev] kn[n be=e 8 day1 ?r\gh !     
pati5t s]vice ( 8 wife & valet4 ,! m\se 
9 ! field1 ! squirrel 9 ! tree1 ! eagle 
9 h] ne/1 ! fi% 9 ! brook1 all h taught 

u valuable lessons 9 conduct4 ,!y h     
d\btless giv5 h9ts :i* h enabl$ obs]vant
 m5 to give mank9d _m a useful inv5tion4
  ,:5 we consid] ! _m ?\s&s ( useful    
inv5tions :i* h add$ s mu* to !         
conv5i5ce & ! happ9ess ( life1 & :5 we  
br+ to m9d h[ almo/ all ( ^! h come f ! 
humble/ ( ! sons ( m5 ) none ( !        
advantages ( ! s-call$ high] education1 
( :i* we he> s mu* to-day1 we are =c$ to
 agree ) ,sir ,walt] ,scott t ! be/ "p (
 e man's education is t :i* he gives    
himself indep5d5t ( text-books o!r ?an !
 ,book ( ,life4 ,e real man & woman     
att5ds a s*ool or college1 n to le>n1 b 
to le>n h[ to le>n4 ,?is is ! be/ "w t  
s*ools ( any description c d4 ,x lays a 
firm f\ndation ^u :i* ! man :o has le>n$
 h[ to le>n c build 8 own sup]/ructure4 
,! m5 :o h a*iev$ success 9 ! m>* ( !   
ages are ^? :o h be5 ! ar*itects ( _!   
own life4 ,nobody c>es a fig :]e we get 
our educational tools4 ,! _w is int]e/$ 
only 9 :at we are do+ ) !m4 ,we mu/ be  
self-made or nev]-made1 :e!r we g to    

college or "w 9 ! fields4 ,"o tea*] c be
 s]viceable to a ?\s& ( ! sort :o int5d 
to make !mselves1 b a ?\s& tea*]s _c    
help "o ( ! o!r sort4 ,h]$ity &         
environm5t & w are ! great decid+       
factors 9 e life4  ,inve/igations z to !
 food values ( meats1 gra9s1 fruits1    
vegetables1 & o!r foods are n[ be+ made 
by ! ,gov]nm5t1 by colleges1 & o!r      
inve/igators4 ,?is is ! movem5t (       
supreme importance = ! uplift (         
humanity4 ,b ! mo/ ( ?is k9d (          
inve/igat+ has be5 done 9 h\sehold      
kit*5s4 ,x is probable t _m ( ! greate/ 
discov]ies z to food w h]eaft] be made 9
 ! same places by ^? :o are incl9$ to   
obs]ve4 ,! ne$ ( clos] sci5tific k ( !  
*emi/ry ( dige/ion & ! *emi/ry ( food is
 vital2 x %\ld call =? ! mo/            
self-sacrific+ inve/igation4  ,x is said
 by ^? :o h c>efully /udi$ ! subject t  
n9ety-"o p] c5t4 ( all disease is       
attributable directly or indirectly to !
 /oma*4 ,our ailm5ts come ma9ly f our   
alim5ts4 ,n\ri%+ food is an ess5tial ( a

 noble life4 ,! /oma* is ! ma/] ( !     
h\se1 & mu/ be respect$4 ,a prop] diet &
 a s\nd head are closely alli$1 & ^? :o 
w rightly ex]cise _! s\l-p[]s mu/ be    
wat*ful ( ! /oma*4  ,^? :o w\ld rule &  
lead mu/ h *e/ & /oma* z well z head &  
w4  ,nobody else has su* opportunities =
 obs]v+ ! effects ( food1 & = /udy+ !   
happy results ( nutriti\s food1 z ^? h  
:o prep>e ! meals 9 ! kit*54 ,prop]     
n\ri%m5t is some?+ :i* t\*es humanity on
 e side1 & des]ves ! close/ att5tion ( !
 greate/ m9ds4 ,we c bett] af=d to      
disp5se ) sci5tific exp]ts 9 e o!r l9e  
:i* n[ engages !m ?an to disp5se ) ^? :o
 inve/igate ! food "q4 ,! idea among !  
myriads ( ,am]ican h\sekeep]s1 t x is   
ignoble drudg]y to sp5d "s ( _! "t 9 _! 
kit*5s m9i/]+ to ! heal? ( ^? :o are    
ne>e/ & de>e/ to !m & remov+ diseases f 
!m ?r\gh well-select$ & well-cook$ food1
 is be+ gradually ov]come by _m s*ools &
 colleges4 ,! sci5ces connect$ ) food   
are n[ plac$ among ! mo/ important      
subjects 9 ! curricula ( ^! s*ools4 ,x  

takes a ma/] m9d to h&le ! *emical      
comb9ations ( ! kit*51 :i* make hale &  
happy m5 & wom51 boys & girls4  ,heal?  
is symmetry2 disease is de=mity2 bo? are
 ma9ly ! result ( :at we eat4  ,food has
 kill$ m ?an ! sword 9 e age1 & is      
p]haps kill+ m to-day ?an ev] be=e4     
,a*ievem5t 9 s\l-gr[? & mat]ial-gr[? is 
involv$ 9 ! "q ( prop] food4 ,if wom5   
=sake ! ?rone t rightly belongs to !    
cook1 m5 mu/ assume x or ,*ri/ian       
civilization %all cease4 ,to-day nobody 
c become s supreme a b5efactor (        
humanity z ! man or ! woman :o devotes  
intellect & all o!r p[] to ! /udy (     
sci5tific eat+4 ,:5 we come rightly to  
und]/& all ! vital que/ions t are       
involv$ 9 nutrition1 we %all feel t !   
k+s among m5 & ! que5s among wom5 are to
 be s\ght 9 no high] place ?an 9 kit*5s4
  ,we are =ev] se>*+ among ! />s to     
discov] k+s1 :5 !y are f> (t5] f\nd 9   
cottages 9 ! valley4  ,if univ]sities   
fail to make ! k ( ! "r nutrition       
practical & fail to br+ x d[n :]e humble

 m5 & wom5 may get x & apply x1 ! fault 
is _! own4 ,"s day a p grateful = !     
heal? !y enjoy may elect a man to !     
,presid5cy ( our nation1 or set him ^u  
"s ?rone1 because he is ! be/ sci5tific 
cook 9 ! l&4 ,doctor ,agnew (           
,philadelphia said t he _h ga9$ 8 mo/   
important k ( hospital "w z an advis] ( 
! dietitians :ile fe$+ 8 dog & 8 cat4   
,9 speak+ ( ! discov]y ( radium by      
,madame ,curie1 ,pr(essor ,vir*[ said t 
he _h (t5 felt t our inve/igators _h n  
tak5 suffici5t notice ( ! =ce ( animal  
electricity4 ,! few exp]im5ts already   
made 9 apply+ to ma*9]y electricity     
g5]at$ by ! human body has op5$ up a    
field = obs]vant sci5ti/s4  ,9 _m ways  
bo? birds & bea/s contribute to ! welf>e
 ( humanity1 & ! obs]v+ ?9k] w /ill f9d 
_m m ways 9 :i* he c aid u4 ,all =ms (  
life c be h>ness$ to ! c> (             
civilization1 & f> m effective "w %all  
be done ?an is be+ done to-day4 ,z      
tea*]s & z subjects ( practical         
inve/igation1 animals supply a great    

univ]sity :i* almo/ e man & woman c     
att5d4     ,,iv  ,,home ,,read+         
,c>lyle says t a collection ( books is a
 true univ]sity 9 ^! days4 ,x might be  
add$ t (t5 ! small] ! collection ! l>g] 
%all be ! univ]sity4  ,education d]iv$ f
 libr>ies is unsafe1 = book-dissipation1
 z well z drunk5ness1 ends 9 debau*]y4  
,t[>d ! end ( 8 long & wide-awake life  
,doctor ,holmes advis$ a "y correspond5t
 to conf9e 8 read+ to ! ,bible1         
,%akespe>e1 & a good diction>y4 ,! li/ (
 m5 :o h be5 lift$ to high] regions (   
?\ght & feel+ & action f read+ any "o ( 
^! ?ree w\ld be too long to be compress$
 )9 ! cov]s ( "o book4 ,books are l     
two-edg$ swords--dang]\s unless "o kn[s 
h[ to use !m2 !y ei!r lead up or drag   
d[n1 & we s9k or rise to ! level ( !    
books we read4 ,e "o reads1 b h[ _m read
 to advantage8 ,goe!1 ! greate/ ( all ! 
v greate/ ,g]mans1 said1 ,i h be5 le>n+ 
h[ to read = ! pa/ fifty ye>s1 b h n yet
 succe$$4  ,! majority ( read]s resemble
 h\r-glasses--_! read+ runs 9 & out1 &  

leaves no traces2 & "s o!rs are l       
h\sewives' jelly-bags--!y pass all t is 
good1 & reta9 only ! refuse4 ,at be/1   
only a small p]c5tage ( our life is sp5t
 9 s*ool2 ! great] "p ( ! rema9d] ea*   
mu/ pass 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,daily ,life1 
:]e our education is d]iv$ f exp]i5ce   
ga9$ ?r\gh close obs]vation 9 daily     
contact ) our fell[s1 & f ! fell[%ip (  
books4 ,fell[%ip fits ! relation        
p]fectly1 = !re mu/ be intimate         
int]c\rse su* z ?is ^w implies1 or no?+4
 ,x is ) books z ) life--a man pr(its   
little f be+ m]ely acqua9t$ ) t5 ?\s&1 &
 he may be incalculably injur$ f 8      
int]c\rse ) !m2 b a few *oice           
fri5ds--(t5 ! few] ! bett]--br+ a /eady 
gr[? ( high] spiritual p[] great] ?an c 
be _h f all o!r influ5ces comb9$4  ,s x 
is ) books4 ,acqua9tance ) a ?\s& (t5   
r5d]s a capable man impot5t4 ,b a few   
*oice fri5ds ) :om he frequ5tly &       
e>ne/ly communes lift him 9 /r5g? (     
intellect & w & t5d]ness & sweetness (  
feel+ to be ! pe] ( ! wor?ie/4  ,!      

beg9n+ ( ,new ,engl& 0 ! gold5 age (    
s*ol>%ip 9 ,am]ica1 = _m ( ! f\nd]s ( ^!
 colonies _h be5 re>$ 9 ,engli%         
univ]sities4 ,su* 0 ! /ruggle 9 ^! bleak
 & b>r5 colonies = exi/5ce dur+ ! fir/  
ye>s1 t 9 a few g5]ations ! majority (  
_! po/]ity 7 /rang]s to almo/ all !     
books ( p[] & k ) :i* _! =efa!rs 7      
acqua9t$1 & 7 =c$ to glean all !y h>ve/$
 f ! ,bible & ! almanac--especially !   
almanac4 ,! almanac 0 eag]ly p]us$ by e 
memb] ( ! family f ! dawn ( ! ye> to its
 sett+4 ,! reput$ ?rift ( ! pla9 p 9 ?is
 corn] ( ! great _w is l>gely           
attributable to ! lessons ( !           
almanac--ma9ly ,poor ,ri*>d's ,almanac1 
:i* ! ,bo/onian1 ,frankl91 annually     
edit$ 9 ,philadelphia = ov] a qu>t] ( a 
c5tury4 ,8 *ief purpose 0 to drive home 
=cibly _m lessons :i* might enc\rage !  
coloni/s to get ! mo/ out ( _! h>d &    
isolat$ lives4  ,peabody1 ! successful  
man ( bus9ess & munific5t philan?ropi/1 
said t an almanac & a jack-knife 7 !    
f\ndation ( ! education ?r\gh :i* he    

ultimately did s mu* good = multitudes (
 8 c\ntrym54 ,x %\ld be int]e/+ &       
in/ructive to "k h[ _m m1 dur+ !        
jack-knife epo* 9 ,new ,engl& & !       
g5]ations s9ce t "t1 h be5 indebt$ to "o
 book = ! pluck & p]sev]ance by :i* !y h
 c>v$ out a place ( honor = !mselves4   
,nev] 7 books s eag]ly1 s (t51 & s      
c>efully read z ^! poor almanacs4 ,nev]1
 p]haps1 has any o!r book except !      
,bible be5 s pot5t an influ5ce 9 %ap+ ! 
life ( a nation & %ap+ x to a high place
 among ! nations1 ^: b5efic5t influ5ces 
h humaniz$ ! _w4 ,_m a writ] has rem9d$ 
u t ! almanac 0 ! text-book /udi$ by our
 ance/ry 9 beg9n+ ! enorm\s             
agricultural1 comm]cial1 m]cantile1     
manufactur+1 & f9ancial int]e/s :i* 9   
f\r g5]ations h plac$ u 9 front ( !     
ri*e/ nations ( ! e>?4  ,?9k ( ! _m     
millions ( doll>s inve/$ 9              
libr>y-build+s & ! _m millions m inve/$ 
9 ! books !y %elt]6 ,?9k ( ! five hundr$
 millions sp5t annually 9 public        
education1 & ! hundr$s ( millions t h   

be5 put into college build+s & college  
bre$+6 ,/ill1 f all ?is /up5d\s inve/m5t
 !re w nev] come m5 & wom5 :o w make any
 m out ( _! le>n+ ?an ?\s&s ( m5 & wom5 
( colonial days :o knew ! cont5ts ( no  
books o!r ?an ! ,bible & ! almanac4  ,! 
quality ( ! lit]>y atta9m5t ( ^? re>$ 9 
a libr>y may be high]--& p]haps n2 b    
wid] & deep] self-k1 self-respect1      
self-confid5ce1 self-culture1           
self-control1 are ! supreme objects (   
all life-/ruggle & educational /ruggle4 
,:]e a man gets ! educational tools )   
:i* to accompli% all ?is is n at all    
important4 ,if an almanac c help "o man 
to get ! same life-result z ano!r man   
gets f ! poli%+ ( ! greate/ univ]sities 
9 ! _w1 ! almanac is ! pe] ( !          
univ]sity4 ,:e!r mat]ials z             
insignificant z ! almanac h be5 us$ to  
atta9 j su* results1 ! hi/ory ( our     
c\ntry & ( sev]al o!r c\ntries c readily
 prove4 ,?ree books made up ! libr>y (  
,l9coln1 ! rail-splitt]1 ( ,edison &    
,c>negie1 ! telegraph op]ators2 b no    

?ree m5 ( ! nation 7 ev] m successful 9 
rea*+ ! goals !y set = !mselves4  ,books
 are to-day ! great univ]sal means (    
kn[+1 & kn[+ !m dep5ds ^u read+ !m      
rightly4 ,x is n s important h[ _m books
 we read1 b h[ we read !m4 ,a well-read 
fool is "o ( ! mo/ pe/il5tial (         
blockheads4 ,"o book read avails m ?an a
 ?\s& skimm$4 ,little read+ & mu* ?9k+  
make a wise man2 mu* read+ & little ?9k+
 has br$ ! race :i* ! pla9 p call le>n$ 
fools1 & ^! are ma9ly responsible = any 
ridicule t is put ^u ! "w ( s*ool &     
college4  ,9 ^! days :5 ! pr9t+-press   
has l>gely sup]s$$ ! pulpit & ! plat=m1 
x is vitally important t m5 %all be     
taught h[ to read rightly & %all be     
help$ to habits ( "r read+2 & no s*ool  
or college t is dec5tly int]e/$ 9 !     
welf>e ( ! p c disreg>d ?is "o duty (   
tea*]s above all o!rs4 ,mu* ( ! be/ 9   
?\ght & feel+ & conduct %all dep5d      
h]eaft] ^u ! books :i* we read ) c>eful 
obs]vation4 ,e man :o has read himself  
into high] realms is "u bonds to make ! 

s\rce ( s mu* bliss & bless$ness z      
admirable & z desirable z possible to   
all :o are /rang]s to ! mo/ pleasant &  
pr(itable pa?s ( lit]ature4  ,x is n !  
quantity ( our read+1 b ! quality t     
makes x & u an influ5ce = good to our   
fell[s4 ,a man :o has read t5 pages )   
real accuracy1 says ,john ,rusk91 is    
=ev]more 9 "s measure an educat$ p]son4 
,y might read all ! books 9 ! ,briti%   
,museum1 yet be an utt]ly illit]ate &   
un$ucat$ p]son4 ,our read+ )\t dige/ion 
& assimilation is z useless z our food  
)\t !m4 ,bacon says t read+ makes a full
 man2 b fullness )\t dige/ion is        
dyspepsia4 ,! books ^: read+ impels u to
 live nobly & d noble s]vice = o!rs1 are
 ! books1 & x is a wick$ wa/e ( "t to   
read :at is a negative quantity4 ,:oev] 
ma/]s "o vital book c nev] become       
commonplace4  ,?or\ghness is !          
ma/]-passion 9 read+1 z 9 e o!r         
und]tak+4 ,^? :o h accumulat$ wisdom1   
culture1 p[]1 ri*es1 are always prom95t 
= _! indefatigable1 pa9/ak+ ?or\ghness2 

no?+ to !m is a trifle1 = trifles make  
p]fection1 & p]fection is no trifle4 ,^?
 :o h ?\ght mo/ & felt mo/ & done mo/ f 
_! read+ h br\ght ?is ma/] passion to x4
  ,:5 we beg9 to become acqua9t$ ) all !
 wor?y m5 & wom5 :o trace ! beg9n+ ( _! 
wor? to ! c>eful read+ ( "o book1 x     
seems almo/ a loss to ! _w to h !       
libr>ies ( ! _w s l>ge4 ,if !y 7 all    
respectable occupants ( _! %elves1 x    
might be condon$2 b ! copyright (       
millions ( books is ! only "r1 human or 
div9e1 = _! exi/+ at all4 ,_m a c\ntry  
boy at ! fireside dur+ ! long w9t] ev5+s
 has receiv$ inspiration f repeat$ly    
read+ "o or two wor?y books2 ^! h spurr$
 him on to fight 8 way valiantly ?r\gh  
college1 & f !re to ! heights 9 "s wor?y
 life-"w4  ,if we are true to all t     
manhood involves1 !re is no             
self-deception 9 ! conviction t ea* "o (
 u is born = k+%ip4 ,supreme k+%ip      
consi/s 9 a /rong] moral /ate & a tru]  
?\ghtful /ate ?an t ( o!r m51 :i*       
enables u to guide & raise ! misguid$ & 

! illit]ate4 ,e ?\ghtful man & woman    
ultimately discov]s t all education &   
all lit]ature are useful only s f> z !y 
confirm ?is calm & b5efic5t k+ly p[]4   
,em]son's man-?9k+ is ! supreme among   
human be+s4  ,! be/ t c be kn[n &       
exp]i5c$ lies asleep 9 books1 & "o ( !  
*ief purposes = gett+ an education is to
 give u ! well-made head & ! f9] feel+  
to awake ?is be/ k & exp]i5ce 9 ^!      
sleep+ pr9ces4  ,de ,qu9cey rem9ds u t  
all ! greate/ books may be divid$ into !
 lit]ature ( k & ! lit]ature ( p[]4 ,!y 
h all be5 writt5 9 utmo/ s9c]ity by !   
"r-m9d$ & ! /rong-m9d$2 !y disclose     
b\ndless fields = s\l-refre%m5t &       
s\l-expansion4 ,9 ! m>* ( civilization1 
! m5 & ! nations t h =g$ f>!/ ahead s9ce
 ,gut5b]g inv5t$ pr9t+ are ! m5 & !     
nations t h _h mo/ to d ) ! few books ( 
k & p[] ( ! greate/ & ! wise/4 ,!re c be
 no bett] te/ ( a man's ?\ght & feel+s &
 actions ?an ! books he reads & ! books 
he keeps ar\nd him2 & !re is none s     
desolate z ! poor ri* man :o lives 9 a  

great bookless h\se1 & has nev] f$ ^u ! 
da9ties t are br$ 9 books1 z ,john      
,milton says4  ,! v pres5ce ( books is  
ref9+1 & ! "r k9d ( man w\ld z soon ?9k 
( build+ 8 h\se )\t w9d[s z ( furni%+ x 
)\t books4 ,9 e well-regulat$ home (    
intellig5t m5 & wom5 ! libr>y is always 
"o ( ! annual items ( exp5diture4 ,:5 we
 h le>n$ h[ to consult ! books ( k &    
p[]1 !y let u m+le ) ! be/ society ( all
 ages2 !y make ! mightie/ m5 & wom5 (   
words & de$s our advis]s2 !y br+ u !    
gold ( le>n+ & ! gems ( ?\ght2 & !y     
furni% u ) ! s\l-food :i* br+s ! prop]  
k9d ( s\l-gr[?4 ,su* books are ! safe/ (
 companions1 = !y protect u f vice & !  
inf]ior passions2 m ?an ev] !y are      
to-day indisp5sable = all :o are /riv+  
to d ! high] "w ( civilization &        
,*ri/ianity4  ,e real book we really    
read gives u great] fai? 9 ! goodness & 
! nobility ( life4 ,z ,l[ell says1 ,adds
 ano!r block to ! climb+ spire ( a great
 s\l4 ,! o!r sort :i* sw>m f ! cozy     
m>%es ( immoral bra9s1 ! sort also :o   

rack _! bra9s = lucre1 d ! devil's "w = 
him1 & are z baneful z ! company ( fools
 & vulg>ians4 ,%[ an obs]vant man y\r   
book%elves1 & he'll tell y :at y are4 ,!
 man :o does n love "s great book is n  
wor? ! "t we sp5d 9 8 company2 we are   
=tunate if we are n 9 "s way contam9at$ 
by him4 ,if we knew ! road !y h travel$1
 we %\ld likely f9d t ^? ( mod]n times  
:o h m]it$ ! cr[n ( k+s & que5s = _!    
/rong] moral /ate & _! tru] ?\ghtful    
/ate h _h mo/ to d ) "s lit]ature ( k & 
p[]2 t !y especially (t5e/ consult$ !   
books ( ! greate/ & wise/ 9 _!          
difficulties1 & _h be5 spurr$ on by _!  
messages to ! ?\ghts & ! de$s :i* made  
!m wor?y4  ,x is =tunate t to-day !     
greate/ ( books are ! common prop]ty ( !
 pr9t]s ( ! _w1 = !y are on ?is acc\nt !
 *eape/1 & _m ( !m c be _h = ! price ( a
 poor man's d9n]4 ,x ne$s _m a page to  
record ev5 ! names ( ! m5 & wom5 :o h   
become somebody & h done some?+ j f     
read+ "s "o wor?y book :i* _h fall5 into
 _! h&s4 ,_m believe t ,frankl9 is !    

greate/ ,am]ican t has yet appe>$1 & he 
has said t ,cotton ,ma!r's essays to d  
good gave me a turn ( ?9k+ :i*1 p]haps1 
_h an influ5ce on "s ( ! pr9cipal future
 ev5ts ( my life4  ,z we become bett]   
acqua9t$ ) "s ( ! great books 9 all     
dep>tm5ts ( lit]ature1 we are surpris$  
to f9d h[ few ( !m h be5 writt5 by      
college m54 ,?is by no means belittles !
 good t may come f a true college c\rse1
 b x does seem to emphasize t great     
books ne$ "s o!r environm5t = _! gr[?   
?an exclusive college c\rses4 ,p]haps ! 
ne$ is solitude1 communion ) nature1 &  
frequ5t int]c\rse ) ! _w's greate/ & be/
 9 ?\ght & feel+ & action = ! "w4       
,college-br$ m5 are 9 a m>k$ m9ority    
among ! au?ors ^: great books h be5 &   
are a pot5t =ce 9 %ap+ ?\ght & conduct 9
 ! _w4 ,x is notable h[ few ( ^! h any?+
 comm5datory to say ab\t ! influ5ce :i* 
_! college life _h ^u !m & _!           
accompli%m5ts2 _m ev5 ( ! text-books (  
s*ools & colleges h come f m5 ^: p[]s 7 
%ap$ by no s*ool4 ,h[ _m text-books (   

m$ic9e & law 7 prep>$ by physicians &   
lawy]s ^: k 0 glean$ ma9ly f ke5        
obs]vation & long exp]i5ce & deep ?\ght6
  ,x 0 no m]e college education1 b !    
%>pe/ home obs]vation & /ricte/ adh]5ce 
to _! in/9cts & _! individuality t made 
=ceful writ]s ( ,m>k ,twa91 !           
,mississippi pilot2 ,bret ,h>te &       
,william ,dean ,h[ells1 ! typesett]s2   
,james ,:itcomb ,riley1 ! it9]ant       
sign-pa9t]2 ,joel ,*&l] ,h>ris & ,eug5e 
,field1 ! newspap] report]s2 & ,walt    
,:itman1 ! c>p5t]4  ,( ! f\r ?\s& &     
=ty-?ree ,am]icans ) ov] tw5ty millions 
( doll>s to _! cr$it1 only sixty-"o _h  
ev5 a high-s*ool c\rse4 ,_m among !m1   
h[ev]1 _h high-class m5tality & secur$ a
 compreh5sive practical education4 ,!y h
 evid5tly be5 z al]t to p]ceive !       
treasures hidd5 = !m 9 ! _w ( great     
books z !y h be5 to p]ceive ! treasuries
 hidd5 = !m 9 _! v>i\s ent]prises4 ,s we
 f9d t !y h consult$ ! ma/] spirits (   
books aft] _! daily tasks 7 done1 :ile  
myriads ( ^? :o sc(f & sne] at !m n[    

because ( _! millions 7 fea/+1 frolick+1
 & dissipat+4 ,among ! highe/ types (   
,am]ican manhood to-day a l>ge majority 
are ! new-ri* m54 ,:atev] else may be   
said ab\t !m1 all ! _w ackn[l$ges t x is
 ! p>v5us 9 e l& :o d ! l>ge/ "p ( !    
greate/ "w4  ,! l>g] our horizon        
becomes1 ! /rong] is our conviction t ! 
man himself is ma9ly ! ar*itect ( 8 own 
fate2 o!rs may give an occasional lift1 
b x is almo/ entirely 8 own "w4 ,!      
college c d some?+ = ! head-piece1 & x  
%\ld also give some?+ = ! he>t-side & ! 
p[] to d>e & to d2 b all ! ext]nal tra9+
 9 ! _w c nev] atta9 = ! man :at he c   
atta9 ?r\gh 8 own individual            
ef=ts--provid$ he has l(ty aims1 firm   
resolutions1 closely obs]ves1 & /rictly 
adh]es to all 8 be/ inborn p[]s4 ,!re 0 
no college = ,david1 ,hom]1 ,socrates1  
,plato1 ,confucius1 ,alex&]1 ,cs>1      
,dante1 ,lu!r1 ,%akespe>e1 ,napoleon1   
,wa%+ton1 ,frankl91 ,goe!1 ,jesus1 & t5s
 ( ?\s&s ( great or less] m5 ?an ^!4 ,!y
 all m>k$ out _! own c\rse1 plann$ _!   

own spiritual palaces2 all ! b>b$-wire  
entanglem5ts 9 ! _w did n ret>d _!      
indomitable c\rage1 self-reliance1 &    
self-help4  ,p]haps ! *ief use ( all    
le>n+ e/abli%m5ts1 except ^? :i* h to d 
) :at ! ,g]mans call bread /udies1 is to
 awak5 ! pupil's self-respect1 :i* is ! 
basis ( all virtue1 & to cultivate !    
p[]s t %all fit ! pupil to consult =    
himself ! k & p[] books ( ! greate/ & ! 
wise/4 ,!y also c 9 ^! days d yeoman's  
s]vice 9 giv+ ! bread /udies ?r\gh :i*  
m5 %all be bett] able to d ! _w's "w &  
!reby e>n bett] wages4     ,v           
,,?\ghtfulness   ,presid5t ,wolsey1 head
 ( a great univ]sity1 said t "o ( ! *ief
 purposes ( ! college is to cultivate ! 
p[] to ?9k4 ,! college man :o neglects  
to cultivate ?is valuable p[] until he  
ent]s ^u 8 college c>e]1 in/ead ( beg9n+
 x 9 ! k9d]g>t5 & cont9u+ x unremitt+ly 
?r\gh\t 8 entire prep>atory c\rse &     
daily liv+1 w be liable to make sorry "w
 ( ?is "p ( 8 cultivation1 or any o!r   
"p1 :ile he is 9 college4  ,! speciali/s

 :o tea* 9 colleges1 & :o are g5]ally m 
int]e/$ 9 _! specialties ?an 9 ! sci5ce 
& art ( education1 may n be consci\s (  
?is1 & yet ! _m educational wrecks t h  
come f colleges %\ld long ago h br\ght  
?is po9t mo/ =cibly to _! att5tion4     
,inde$1 ! p[] to ?9k & ! practice ( ?9k+
 until x has become second nature1 are s
 ess5tial = success 9 any wor?y c>e] 9  
life1 t x is tru] to say t "o ( ! *ief  
purposes ( life itself is to cultivate &
 ex]cise ! p[] to ?9k1 & keep "r on ?9k+
 until close ?9k+ %all become a habit4  
,! p[] to ?9k cle>ly1 broadly1 &        
successfully is n necess>ily !          
pr]ogative ( ^? only :o h liv$ 9 a      
college environm5t1 z ! biographies (   
our own f\r ?\s& multi-millionaires 9   
?is c\ntry s cog5tly prove1 = few ( !m  
ev] d>k5$ ! doors ( a college4 ,"s among
 !m may h be5 b]eft ( all ! nobl]       
s5tim5ts = :i* ,*ri/ianity & ,am]ica /&1
 b !y nev] c\ld h pil$ up _! millions 9 
e dep>tm5t ( activity )\t hav+ ?\ght s  
long & s h>d t !y ultimately acquir$ a  

habit ( ?9k+ t %\ld put to %ame myriads 
9 e l& :o h _h all ! advantages (       
univ]sities4 ,! p[] to ?9k1 & to ?9k 9 a
 ma/]ly way1 ne$ n be conf9$ to !       
pr(essor's *air4  ,any sph]e ( action   
:i* does n br+ 9 to ! work] an increase 
( ?9k+ p[] is h>mful1 f univ]sity to    
/reet-sweep+4 ,a ma*9e is ! only work] t
 c d its "w well )\t ?9k+ ab\t x4 ,all !
 successful m5 ! _w has ev] kn[n h be5  
m5 :o ?\ght incessantly2 !y h be5 ma9ly 
self-educat$ 9 _! extraord9>y p[] to    
?9k2 _! success 9 all ! v>i\s tasks :i* 
!y set = !mselves (t5] result$ f _! h>d 
?\ght ?an f _! h>d "w4  ,defeat &       
failure h nev] ov]tak5 ! man ^: head &  
h&s 7 p>tn]s4  ,:5 we ?9k )\t "w or "w  
)\t ?\ght1 we rea* only half ( :at      
belong to u4 ,a man %\ld especially we5 
himself f ?is k9d ( halfness4 ,we %\ld  
be a%am$ to f9d ourselves work+ )\t     
?\ght1 z we %\ld be a%am$ to f9d        
ourselves idle 9 a _w :]e !re is always 
s mu* to be done & s little "t allott$  
to ea* = accompli%+ wor?y "w4 ,!        

employees t are mo/ valuable to _!      
employ]s & are mo/ valu$ by !m are ^?   
always ^: heads & h&s are yoke-mates4   
,:5 h&s & head & he>t are on ! job1 x is
 difficult to imag9e :at heights (      
success & s]vice %all be atta9$4 ,! f>m]
 boy hoe+ corn & digg+ potatoes w d     
bett] "w 9 quantity & quality if he ?9ks
 ab\t 8 "w z h>d z he hoes or digs4     
,!re c be little dang] ( failure = any  
"y man :o beg9s 8 life-"w ) ! resolution
 t he w always give 8 be/ ?\ght to ev5 !
 mo/ insignificant task t he assumes2 & 
all ! s*ools 9 ! _w _c furni% him any   
advantage t c comp>e ) ?is resolution   
/eadily foll[$4 ,nor mu/ ! habit ( ?9k+ 
be ex]cis$ only ^u "w4 ,we all h m      
leisure ?an "w1 & _m a high-m9d$ ?9k]   
has rem9d$ u t a man is be/ to be judg$1
 n by 8 pr(ession1 b by 8 leisure4      
,elihu ,burritt acquir$ a k ( fifty     
languages dur+ ! ye>s he e>n$ 8         
livelihood z a village blacksmi?2 he    
also f\nd "t = ext5sive read+ z well z  
"t = int]e/ 9 social re=ms1 9 !         

advancem5t ( :i* he won ! reputation (  
be+ "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful & p]suasive       
orators ( 8 day4 ,all 8 /up5d\s         
acquirem5ts 7 ga9$ dur+ ! h\rs betwe5 8 
tasks :i* ?\s&s ( o!r village blacksmi?s
 7 accu/om$ to sp5d 9 gossip or 9 !     
tav]n4 ,volumes c\ld be fill$ ) only    
brief acc\nts ( ! m5 & wom5 ?r\gh\t !   
ages :o h made ! _w bett] = _! liv+1 j  
because !y wisely & ?\ghtfully employ$ !
 leisure h\rs :i* _! contempor>ies      
trifl$ away4 ,! %orte/ life may be long 
9 noble ?\ght & action1 if we lose no   
"t2 & little ( x is ev] lo/ by ^? :o    
?\ghtfully employ _! leisure4  ,?\ghtful
 m5 & wom5 are always d\bly valuable1 no
 matt] :e!r _! "w is :at ! _w calls     
high-class or l[-class4 ,! /reets are   
bett] swept by su* a man1 & ! potatoes  
are bett] ho$2 ! floor is bett] scrubb$ 
by su* a woman1 & ! clo!s are bett]     
wa%$4 ,if our "w does n af=d u ! *ance  
to ?9k :ile we are employ$ ^u x1 we owe 
x to ourselves & to humanity to toss x  
aside quickly4 ,! lawy]1 ! physician1 or

 any o!r pr(essional man is no m a man 9
 ! sight ( ,god & 8 c\ntry ?an !        
/one-mason :o lays ! f\ndations = _!    
h\ses & raises ! sup]/ructures2 & !y are
 "u no great] obligation to use _! ?9k+ 
p[]s ?an he is4 ,! place we occupy 9    
life is unimportant2 ! way we fill !    
place is ev]y?+2 ! /one-mason1 ,b5      
,jonson1 built /one walls & h\ses by    
day1 & at night built dramas & o!r      
poetry :i* h be5 surpass$ only by 8     
contempor>y1 ,%akespe>e4  ,_m ( !       
greate/ a*ievem5ts kn[n to hi/ory h be5 
! "w ( m5 & wom5 ^: life-tasks 7        
entirely diff]5t f ! l9es 9 :i* !y      
became em95t2 ,%akespe>e 0 an actor & "o
 ( ! mo/ successful bus9ess m5 (        
,london1 b he is kn[n z ! greate/ poet !
 _w has yet produc$2 ,george ,eliot _h  
*>ge = sev]al ye>s ( h] fa!r's f>m home1
 z well z ! p\ltry & dairy1 & won prizes
 = ^! at ! c\ntry fair1 b ?is did n     
prev5t h] f lay+1 dur+ ^! sev5 ye>s1 !  
f\ndation :i* help$ h] to build h]self  
into "o ( ! greate/ wom5 kn[n to hi/ory4

 ,h]s*el's be+ a musician & ,m>y        
,som]ville's hav+ *>ge ( h] home & h]   
*ildr5 did n prev5t bo? ( !m f do+      
m>vel\s "w 9 a/ronomy4 ,audubon became a
 f9al au?ority on birds solely because  
:ile on 8 hunt+-trips he ?\ght m ?an !  
o!r hunt]s :o accompani$ him4 ,"o ( !   
greate/ m]*ants & capitali/s 9 ,bo/on   
began life sell+ h&k]*iefs ?r\gh !      
c\ntry4 ,he became exp]t 9 flax         
products1 & ?r\gh ?is grew ri*2 he s    
/udi$ k9dr$ fibr\s plants t 8 p>tn]s    
boa/$ t he _h succe$$ 9 m>ket+ h&k]*iefs
 made ( tw5ty diff]5t fibr\s plants4 ,! 
mo/ successful piano manufactur] n[ liv+
 0 orig9ally an employee ( a /eel mill t
 manufactur$ wire = mak+ piano-/r+s4 ,an
 e-day man gave c>eful ?\ght to corn1 & 
wrote an article = a magaz9e ^u its     
value & ^u ! way x %\ld be prep>$ =     
food2 & ?is article 0 s wor?y t x won = 
him a degree f a univ]sity4  ,e wak+    
mom5t ( e man conta9s food = ?\ght4 ,if 
"s live full] lives e tw5ty-f\r h\rs ?an
 o!rs live 9 a ye>1 x is because !y ?9k 

fa/] & high]1 wid] & deep]1 & because ! 
discipl9e !y get f ?is ?\ght keeps !m f 
wa/+ _! "t on trivial or wor?less matt]4
 ,a puddl] 9 ,y\ng/[n1 )\t education    
beyond ! di/rict s*ool1 began to ?9k    
ab\t ! iron t 0 s(t5$ 9 ! furnace be=e  
him1 & ask$ que/ions ( ! old] employees 
& ! =eman2 !n he read ^u ! subject &    
became s capable 9 m9+ & iron           
manufactur+ t :5 ! ,y\ng/[n plant 0 sold
 to ! great /eel corporation he 0 !     
l>ge/ /ockhold] 9 =ty-sev5 great        
companies manufactur+ iron4 ,"s m5's    
he>ts gr[ z h>d z _! gold :ile !y are   
amass+ ri*es2 b 8 he>t seems to h s(t5$ 
9 proportion to ! increase ( 8 ri*es2 8 
life is giv5 to numb]less good de$s1    
*ief among :i* has be5 8 endeavor to    
impress ^u all workm5 ! necessity (     
lett+ bo? _! heads & he>ts assi/ _! h&s4
 ,nei!r man nor boy1 woman nor girl1 ne$
 despair ( do+ great ?+s & be+ great m5 
& wom51 if !y w con/antly c>ry out ?is  
advice4 ,he is really ! be/-educat$ man 
^: att5tion is prim>ily direct$ to 8    

s\l-gr[?1 to 8 p[] ( ?9k+1 = feel+1 & = 
noble action4     ,,vi  ,,in/9cts ,,&   
,,individuality   ,god has giv5 u a full
 kit ( wat*mak]'s tools & if1 aft] all !
 c5turies ( civilization1 we are do+    
?9k]'s "w ) !m1 some?+ mu/ be wrong ) ! 
educational me?ods4 ,:5 ,god s5t u "h he
 pack$ u ) all we ne$ = high-class      
manhood--our in/9cts & our individuality
 especially well done up2 b (t5 9 !     
unpack+ by ! s*ools we h be5 sadly m>r$2
 & ^! ,god-giv5 end[m5ts seem to h be5  
frequ5tly ?r[n ^u ! rubbi%-pile4 ,!y    
seem to h dull$ our in/9cts & to h      
despis$ our individuality1 9 ord] to    
make room = our acquirem5ts4  ,l all t  
emanates f ,god1 in/9cts & individuality
 h be5 be/[$ = a wise purpose2 !y are   
indisp5sable end[m5ts if we %all become 
! k9d ( man ,god seems to h _h 9 m9d :5 
he s5t u "h4 ,:at ju/ification h !      
tea*]s ( civilization = fail+ to p]fect 
^! p[]s8 ,:at "r h ! little m5 ( !      
s*ools to drive !m entirely out ( _!    
s*eme ( education8  ,john ,rusk9        

compla9s 9 ,k+s' ,treasuries t ,mod]n   
education = ! mo/ "p signifies giv+ p ! 
faculty ( ?9k+ wrong on e conceivable   
subject ( importance to !m4 ,if ?is is  
ev5 p>tly true1 !re is no pursuit to-day
 t dem&s f ! man :o is work+ 9 x m      
pres5ce ( m9d & m self-direction1 ?an ! 
bus9ess ( gett+ real education4 ,^? :o  
are to-day conduct+ :at we are fooli%   
en\gh to p]mit !m to call education are 
(t5 bo? bl9d & deaf to all t effici5t   
education implies4 ,to seek direction f 
!m is l ask+ ! road f a bl9d man4 ,_m   
are also connect$ ) ! s*ools app>5tly z 
o!rs are connect$ ) hod-c>ry+ &         
/reet-sweep+--to procure a livelihood4  
,(t5 _! highe/ conception ( ! "w is     
edgeucation1 to make %>p blades ( !     
intellects = :at !y call gett+ along 9 !
 _w4 ,!n _m ( ! in/ructors 9 s*ools &   
colleges are m]ely speciali/s1 ma9ly    
int]e/$ 9 _! specialties1 & us+ !       
class-room z a /epp+-/one to _! own     
purposes4 ,extreme specializ+ is        
n>r[+--x does to ! speciali/ :at bl9k]s 

d to ! horse's eyes4 ,excessive pursuit 
( s+le objects ( ?\ght atrophies _m     
faculties1 b education is ! complete    
developm5t & discipl9e ( all !          
faculties4  ,p]haps ^! are "s ( ! causes
 :y s _m orig9al & ?9k+ m5 & wom5 are s 
ho/ile to pres5t-day s*ools1 & accuse !m
 ( ma9ly be+ places t poli% pebbles &   
dim diamonds1 & say s _m o!r h>% & cutt+
 ?+s ab\t !m4 ,le>n+ seems to be ! *ief 
occupation ( ^? :o pr(ess to educate4   
,le>n+ = its own sake plays a v         
insignificant "p 9 ! spiritual equipm5t 
( ,god's *ildr52 to a true education x  
seems at be/ only :at ! c>p5t]'s kit is 
to ! c>p5t]--a means to an end4 ,l all  
o!r lumb]1 its importance dep5ds        
entirely ^u :at is built out ( x4 ,^!   
orig9al & ?9k+ m5 & wom5 h (t5 said h>d 
?+s ( m]e le>n+ & ( ^? :o dole x out at 
s mu* a unit1 because !y believe t undue
 /ress is laid ^u x4 ,!y sometimes say t
 univ]sities are n educat+ in/itutions1 
b m]ely seats-(-le>n+2 & (t5 !y are v   
n>r[ seats1 difficult = self-respect+ p 

to /iff5 _! backs en\gh to sit ^u4 ,b   
x's ! /udy1 n ! /udies1 t educates2     
/udies make le>n$ m51 b n (t5 wise m51  
su* z real education always makes2 n all
 le>n$ heads are s5se-boxes2 ! v le>n$  
man may be a v le>n$ fool4 ,! le>n$     
frequ5tly put out _! reason+ p[]s to    
make room = _! le>n+2 x requires t5     
p\nds ( s5se to take c>e ( "o p\nd (    
le>n+4  ,solomon made a book ( prov]bs1 
b a book ( prov]bs nev] made ,solomon4  
,s5se )\t le>n+ is a ?\s& times sup]ior 
to le>n+ )\t s5se2 & 9 ! /ately edifice 
( life1 s*ool & college are only !      
basem5t walls2 wisdom & le>n+ are n     
necess>y companions4 ,! great ?+s t h   
conduc$ to ! bett]m5t ( ! _w h be5 done 
by m5 :o h be5 loyal to _! individuality
 & true to _! in/9cts--nev] by ! m]ely  
le>n$4 ,too (t5 d we f9d ^! little le>n$
 m5 display+ !mselves (f5sively &       
ridicul\sly 9 ! haunts ( be>d$ m51 &    
mak+ ! angels weep by _! /rutt+ & _!    
swell+4  ,kn[+ is only a small "p (     
life2 do+ is ne>ly all ( life2 & ! be/  

done is done ?r\gh education--!         
education :i* is ! product ( :at is     
inborn z well z ( :at is acquir$2 !     
education :i* enables m5 & wom5 to      
p]ceive & to *]i% ! beautiful 9 art1 9  
lit]ature1 9 morals & 9 nature4 ,:ile   
true education busies itself )          
acquirem5ts1 x is ev5 m conc]n$ t !     
in/9cts & ! individuality ,god appe>s to
 reg>d ( supreme importance %all atta9  
all t x is possible = !m to h4 ,^!      
orig9al & ?9k+ m5 & wom5 :o say s _m ?+s
 9 condemnation ( make-believe education
 & m]e le>n+ boldly & lov+ly acclaim !  
helps f true education--!y rem9d u t x  
is s\l-husb&ry1 spiritual p]fection1    
tor* & sword & %ield1 ! be-all & !      
end-all ( life1 ! f\nta9 ( all noble    
liv+1 & ! only real promot] (           
civilization4 ,!y claim t education (   
?is sort simplifies life2 facilitates   
self-conque/2 int5sifies individuality2 
unfolds & uplifts manhood2 bre$s habits 
( ?9k+1 feel+1 & do+2 debe/ializes1     
emancipates1 humbles1 & civilizes2 t x  

se>*es = tru?1 loves ! beautiful1       
desires ! good1 & does ! be/4  ,we h no 
qu>rel ) ! education t accompli%es all  
^!1 = x fo/]s ! in/9cts & !             
individuality = :i* we are plead+4 ,we h
 always believ$ t j ?is k9d ( education 
is ! h]itage ( e ,am]ican1 & t ! loss ( 
su* an education is ! greate/ calamity t
 c befall any "o4 ,all our life h we    
ye>n$ t all might h ?is boon1 & ! be/ ( 
our manhood ye>s h be5 ceaseless labor &
 /ruggle to give ! weak & fri5dless sons
 ( m5 all ( its advantages4  ,! te/ (   
any sy/em ( education is ! k9d ( man x  
turns out4 ,x is wisdom to measure !    
sy/em by ^? x fails to educate r ?an by 
^? x does educate--by its tortoises r   
?an by its h>es4 ,! real educator is    
always va/ly m conc]n$ ) ! div9ity ?an )
 ! depravity ( ^? intru/$ to him2 he    
believes firmly t ! in/9cts & !         
individuality :i* ,god has giv5 ea* ( u 
are ! priceless "p ( all our spiritual  
equipm5t--t any?+ we may acquire t[>d   
?is end :i* =tifies ^! ,god-giv5        

treasures is *eap--ev5 if b\ght by an   
entire life-s]vice2 t any acquirem5t t  
modifies ^! or de/roys !m is a triple   
curse & a dire m5ace to humanity1 =     
individuality is ! g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity &
 ( ,am]ica4  ,! sy/em ( education :i*   
makes light ( ! cultivation ( ! in/9cts1
 :i* seems to be ! sole dep5d5ce ( all  
conditions ( m5 except ! ov]-civiliz$1 !
 sy/em ( education :i* is bl9d$ to all t
 is impli$ 9 an educat$                 
individuality--^! are ! only sy/ems )   
:i* we h any qu>rel4 ,well-made1 r ?an  
well-fill$ heads are :at is ne$$ & %\ld 
be dem&$1 )\t :i* x is impossible = any 
"o ( u to h ! "r conception ( life1 or  
to atta9 all t we 7 int5d$ to be or to  
d4 ,to gu>d & develop ! in/9cts ( !     
*ild1 to pres]ve & =tify 8              
individuality1 is to give him sword &   
%ield = ! battle ( life4  ,god int5ds   
ea* individual to be an individual1 or  
?is %\ld n h be5 s deep-root$ 9 all2 to 
be j l e "o else is to be pr$e/9$ =     
inf]iority & failure4 ,to d our duty    

consi/5tly & /eadfa/ly dem&s t all our  
,god-l & ,god-giv5 qualities %all fir/ (
 all be educat$4 ,t be/ becomes a man   
:i* 8 individuality int5d$ him to be1 & 
^? are always successful 9 mak+ a life &
 a liv+ :o play ! game ( life ) ! c>ds  
_! individuality gives !m4 ,god made a  
_w = ea* sep>ate man1 & )9 t _w he mu/  
live1 if he w live effectually2 we mu/  
fir/ ( all be ourselves1 mu/ see to x t 
:atev] else is neglect$ ! plants ,god   
has put into ! individual %all be       
cultivat$--! crop may n be l>ge1 b we   
are acc\ntable = ! cultivation1 n = !   
crop4 ,we mu/ be ourselves1 & d our own 
"w4  ,!re c be no great] wisdom & no    
great] s]vice ?an t ( help+ ano!r s t he
 may duly live 9 t special _w :i* ,god  
has creat$ = him4 ,! mo/ insignificant  
man c be complete if he is entirely true
 to 8 in/9cts & to 8 individual "*4 ,if 
we are incomplete1 x is because we are  
liv+ aft] "s o!r me?od4 ,we h all be5   
/amp$ ) individuality1 b _m seem to d _!
 utmo/ to soak (f ! /amp4 ,h[ diff]5t   

%\ld ! life ( all ! _w be if ea* "o only
 kept 9 8 frame1 & w\ld n p]mit any "o  
to try to make him "p (1 ! picture = :i*
 8 p]sonality nev] int5d$ him6