,illu/ration3 cov] art                  
,,ma/]pieces   ,,9 ,,col\r    ,,edit$   
,,by   ,t4 ,,leman ,,h>e     ,,con/able 
#aggf-ahcg       ,,plate ,i4--,,!       
,,valley ,,f>m4  7,frontispiece74       
,national ,gall]y4  ,9 ,! ,valley ,f>m1 
exhibit$ at ! ,royal ,academy 9 #ahce1  
two ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 ,con/able return$ 
to ! sc5es ( 8 boyhood1 to ,willy       
,lott's h\se on ! banks ( ! ,/\r4  ,8 h&
 & eye h lo/ some?+ ( _! grip &         
fre%ness1 b 8 purpose is z firm z ev]4  
,i h pres]v$ ,god ,almighty's day light1
 he wrote1 :i* is enjoy$ by all mank9d1 
except+ only ! lov]s ( old1 dirty       
canvas1 p]i%$ pictures at a ?\s& gu9eas 
ea*1 c>t grease1 t>1 & snuff ( c&le4  ,!
 old ,adam1 y p]ceive1 0 /ill /rong 9   
him4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i4--,,!    
,,valley ,,f>m4       ,,con/able  ,,by  
,c4 ,,lewis ,,h9d     ,,illu/rat$ ,,)   
,,eight   ,,reproductions ,,9 ,,col\r   
,illu/ration3 title page art   ,,london3
 ,t4 ,c4  ,e4 ,c4 ,,jack  ,,new ,,york3 
,,fr$]ick ,a4 ,,/okes ,,co4  #aijg      

,,cont5ts   ,*ap4     ,i4 ,! ,ye> #ahbd 
,,ii4 ,! ,br[n ,tree  ,,iii4 ,8 ,life   
,,iv4 ,8 ,sket*es    ,v4 ,8 ,pictures   
,,vi4 ,8 ,p]sonality & ,op9ions         
,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations   ,plate       
,i4 ,! ,valley ,f>m 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 
4 4 4 4 4 4 ,frontispiece               
7,national ,gall]y7     ,,ii4 ,! ,hay   
,wa9            7,national ,gall]y7     
,,iii4 ,! ,corn ,field                  
7,national ,gall]y7     ,,iv4 ,flat=d   
,mill            7,national ,gall]y7    
,v4 ,d$ham ,mill            7,victoria &
 ,alb]t ,museum7     ,,vi4 ,a ,c\ntry   
,lane            7,national ,gall]y7    
,,vii4 ,salisbury ,ca!dral f ! ,bi%op's 
,g>d5            7,victoria & ,alb]t    
,museum7   ,,viii4 ,salisbury           
7,national ,gall]y7     ,illu/ration3   
,con/able     ,,*apt] ,i  ,,! ,,ye>     
#ahbd  ,john ,con/able 0 =ty-eight ye>s 
( age 9 #ahbd1 a memorable ye> 9 !      
hi/ory ( l&scape pa9t+4  ,a date to be  
rememb]$ is #ahbd1 = 9 t ye> ,con/able's
 ,hay ,wa9 0 hung 9 ! ,fr5* ,salon4 ,t  

picture1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,national        
,gall]y1 m>k$ an epo* 9 l&scape art4    
,reams h be5 writt5 ab\t ! influ5ce ( ,!
 ,hay ,wa9 ^u ,fr5* art1 by critics :o  
are all = ,con/able1 by critics :o are  
complim5t>y b temp]ate2 & by critics :o 
are lukew>m & almo/ res5tful ( ! place  
claim$ = ,con/able z protagoni/ (       
n9ete5? c5tury l&scape art4  ,a gu]illa 
critical w>f>e has also rag$ ar\nd !    
influ5ce ( ,turn]4  ,con/able & ,turn]6 
,mo/ mod]n l&scape pa9t]s h1 at "o "t or
 ano!r1 le>nt f ^! two great pione]s4   
,turn] is m pot5t to-day1 b 8 influ5ce  
took long] to ass]t itself4  ,x 0 n     
until #ahgj t ,monet visit$ ,london to  
be dazzl$ by ! range & spl5d\r ( ,turn] 
at ! ,national ,gall]y4  ,=ty-six ye>s  
_h pass$ s9ce ,! ,hay ,wa9 0 exhibit$ at
 ! ,salon4  ,9 t half-c5tury ! ,b>bizon 
,s*ool1 ^? great m5 ( #ahcj1 ,corot1    
,r\sseau1 ,millet1 ,daubigny1 ,troyon1  
,diaz1 & ! re/ _h come to fruition4     
,con/able has be5 claim$ z _! p>5t4     
,?ore1 ! ,fr5* critic1 :o wrote "u ! "n 

( ,g4 ,w4 ,burg]1 affirms t ,con/able 0 
! po9t de dep>t ( ! ,b>bizon ,s*ool2 b  
,alb]t ,wolff1 ano!r em95t ,fr5* critic1
 0 n ( t op9ion4  ,?ore1 writ+ 9 #ahfc1 
also said t al?\gh ,con/able _h /imulat$
 9 ,france a s*ool ( pa9t+ unrivall$ 9 !
 mod]n _w1 he _h _h no influ5ce 9 8 own 
c\ntry1 a f> too sweep+ /atem5t4        
,,plate ,,ii4--,,! ,,hay ,,wa94         
,national ,gall]y4  ,pa9t$ 9 #ahba1     
exhibit$ 9 ! ,fr5* ,salon 9 #ahbd1 ,!   
,hay ,wa91 ) two o!r small] works1 :i*  
_h be5 pur*as$ f ,con/able by a ,fr5*   
connoisseur1 ar\s$ extraord9>y int]e/ 9 
,p>is1 & _h a pot5t influ5ce on ,fr5*   
l&scape art4  ,s impress$ 0 ,delacroix )
 ! naturalness1 ! fre%ness1 & !         
brightness ( ,con/able's pictures at !  
#ahbd ,salon1 t he completely repa9t$ 8 
,massacre ( ,scio 9 ! f\r days t int]v5$
 be=e ! op5+ ( ! exhibition4            
,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii4--,,! ,,hay  
,,wa94    ,! tru? ab\t ,con/able's      
influ5ce on ,fr5* art w\ld seem to be   
midway betwe5 ! op9ions ( ,?ore &       

,wolff4  ,t ,con/able's exhibits at !   
,salon ( #ahbd1 :i* includ$ two small]  
l&scapes besides ,! ,hay ,wa91 did ar\se
 extraord9>y int]e/1 & did h a pot5t    
influ5ce on ,fr5* l&scape art1 !re is no
 %ad[ ( d\bt4  ,s impress$ 0 ,delacroix 
) ! naturalness1 ! fre%ness1 & !        
brightness ( ,con/able's pictures at !  
#ahbd ,salon1 t1 aft] /udy+ !m1 he      
completely repa9t$ 8 ,massacre ( ,scio 9
 ! f\r days t int]v5$ be=e ! op5+ ( !   
exhibition2 & ! foll[+ ye> ,delacroix   
visit$ ,london eag] to see m (          
,con/able's "w4  ,!re is also ! te/imony
 ( ,william ,brock$on1 :o1 on 8 return f
 ! ,salon1 wrote ?us to ! pa9t] ( ,!    
,hay ,wa94  ,! text ( ! lett] is pr9t$ 9
 ,c4 ,r4 ,leslie's ,memoirs ( ! ,life ( 
,con/able1 a m9e ( in=mation 9 :i* all  
writ]s on ,john ,con/able1 :om de       
,gonc\rt call$ le gr&1 le gr&issime     
maitre1 mu/ delve4  ,my de> ,con/able1  
wrote ,william ,brock$on1 ,y w f9d 9 !  
enclos$ "s rem>ks ^u y\r pictures at    
,p>is4  ,i return$ la/ night & br\ght   

?is ) me4  ,! ,fr5* h be5 =cibly /ruck  
by !m1 & !y h creat$ a division 9 !     
s*ool ( ! l&scape pa9t]s ( ,france4  ,y 
are accus$ ( c>elessness by ^? :o       
ackn[l$ge ! tru? ( y\r effect2 & !      
fre%ness ( y\r pictures has taught !m t 
?\gh y\r means may n be ess5tial1 y\r   
end mu/ be to produce an imitation (    
,nature1 & ! next ,exhibition 9 ,p>is w 
teem ) y\r imitators1 or ! s*ool (      
,nature v]sus ! s*ool ( ,birm+ham4  ,i  
saw "o man draw ano!r to y\r pictures ) 
?is expression--',look at ^! l&scapes by
 an ,engli%man2 ! gr\nd appe>s to be    
cov]$ ) dew4'  ,note ^! passages3 ,!y h 
creat$ a division 9 ! s*ool ( ! l&scape 
pa9t]s ( ,france--,p>is w teem ) y\r    
imitators--,! gr\nd appe>s to be cov]$ )
 dew4  ,con/able receiv$ ! gratify+ news
 v quietly4  ,writ+ to ,fi%] f ,*>lotte 
,/reet1 ,fitzroy ,squ>e1 on #ag?        
,decemb] #ahbd1 he rem>k$--,my ,p>is    
affairs g on v well4  ,?\gh ! ,director1
 ! ,c\nt ,=b91 gave my pictures v       
respectable situations 9 ! ,l\vre 9 !   

fir/ in/ance1 yet on be+ exhibit$ a few 
weeks1 !y advanc$ 9 reputation1 & 7     
remov$ f _! orig9al situations to a po/ 
( hon\r1 two prime places 9 ! pr9cipal  
room4  ,i am mu* indebt$ to ! arti/s =  
_! al>um 9 my fav\r2 b ,i mu/ d ju/ice  
to ! ,c\nt1 :o is no arti/ ,i believe1 &
 ?\ght t z ! col\rs are r\gh !y %\ld be 
se5 at a di/ance4  ,!y f\nd ! mi/ake1 & 
n[ ackn[l$ge ! ri*ness ( texture1 &     
att5tion to ! surface ( ?+s4  ,!y are   
/ruck ) _! vivacity & fre%ness1 ?+s     
unkn[n to _! own pictures4  ,! tru? is1 
!y /udy 7& !y are v labori\s /ud5ts7    
pictures only1 & z ,nor?cote says1 ',!y 
"k z little ( ,nature z a hackney-coa*  
horse does ( a pa/ure' 444 ,h[ev]1 x is 
c]ta9 !y h made a /ir1 & set ! /ud5ts 9 
l&scape to ?9k+4  ,note ! passages3 ,!y 
are /ruck ) _! vivacity & fre%ness--,!  
tru? is !y /udy pictures only4  ,i h    
quot$ ^! lett]s at l5g?1 because !y are 
fir/-h& au?orities1 & because !y /ate1 )
 simple directness1 ! effect (          
,con/able's pictures at ! ,salon (      

#ahbd4  ,! two small] works t accompani$
 ,! ,hay ,wa9 we may disreg>d = ! mom5t1
 & ask :at is !re 9 ,! ,hay ,wa9 t x    
%\ld h s />tl$ ! ,fr5* pa9t+ _w1 & t x  
%\ld h m>k$ an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( l&scape
 art4  ,/& be=e ,! ,hay ,wa9 9 !        
,national ,gall]y & ask y\rself t "q4   
,if y are hone/1 y w admit1 p]haps only 
to y\rself1 t ,! ,hay ,wa9 looks a      
little old-fa%ion$4  ,& y w also admit t
 ! full-siz$ sket* = ,! ,hay ,wa91 :i* y
 h surely notic$ hang+ 9 ! ,con/able    
room at ! ,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum1   
pleases y bett] on acc\nt ( its great]  
brilliance1 vig\r1 & impulse4  ,! f9i%$ 
picture1 ?\gh v p[]ful1 seems a little  
/olid1 a little lab\r$1 z if ! pa9t] _h 
left no?+ to happy accid5t b _h work$ ) 
,john ,bull consci5ti\sness ov] e in* ( 
! canvas4  ,y h 9 ! la/ decade or two   
se5 s _m l&scapes--pe>ly1 atmosph]ic1   
spaci\s1 vivid & vibrat+ ) sun%9e1 t ?is
 ,hay ,wa9 by hone/ ,john1 ?is ,engli%  
pa/oral ) ! great sky1 ! %imm]+ wat]1 & 
! leaves c>efully acc5t$ ) col\r to     

repres5t ! flick]s ( light1 does n      
a/oni% y4  ,p]haps y pass x by )\t a    
pause1 )\t ev5 a cursory exam9ation4  ,b
 rememb] ?is is #aiji1 & ,! ,hay ,wa9   
made its s5sation 9 #ahbd4  ,9 ^?       
eighty-five ye>s l&scape pa9t+ has      
progress$ at a fa/] rate ?an 9 all !    
prec$+ c5turies4  ,9 #ahbd ,! ,hay ,wa9 
0 a fre% vision1 v new & arre/+4  ,:y8  
,simply because ,con/able return$ to    
,nature & pa9t$ ,nature4  ,aga9 & aga9  
has ?is happ5$ 9 ! hi/ory ( art f ! "t (
 ,giotto onw>ds4  ,! little m5 falt] on1
 copy+ "o ano!r1 /udy+ pictures only1 9 
,con/able's phrase2 ! public accepts _! 
wood5 p]=mances z true art2 !n ! great  
man arises1 (t5 a v simple1             
/raight-?9k+1 mode/ man l ?is ,john     
,con/able1 & ! great man does no?+ m    
miracul\s ?an j to use 8 own eyes2 he   
refuses to be dictat$ to by o!rs z to   
:at he %\ld see & d1 & lo6 ! _w looks at
 :at he has done1 & ei!r rejects him    
altoge!r 7= a "t71 or says1 ,"h is a    
g5ius4  ,let u make mu* ( him4  ,"o ?+  

is c]ta94  ,x 0 n by tak+ ?\ght1 by     
plann+ or s*em+1 t ,john ,con/able made 
t s5sation at ! ,salon ( #ahbd4 ,x 0    
born 9 him to be :at he became--a pa9t] 
( ,nature4  ,h[ easy & simple x seems4  
,ev]ybody pa9ts ,nature to-day2 b 9 !   
e>ly ye>s ( la/ c5tury "o _h to be a    
great orig9al to break away f tradition 
& f academic =mulae1 & to pa9t--j       
,nature4  ,! awak5+ came to ,john       
,con/able 9 #ahjb1 :5 he 0 tw5ty-six    
ye>s ( age4  ,9 a lett] to 8 fri5d      
,dun?orne1 ,con/able wrote f ,london3   
,= ! la/ two ye>s ,i h be5 runn+ aft]   
pictures & seek+ ! tru? at second h& 444
 ,i %all return to ,b]gholt1 :]e ,i %all
 endeav\r to get a pure & unaffect$     
mann] ( repres5t+ ! sc5es t may employ  
me4  ,!re is little or no?+ 9 !         
,exhibitions wor? look+ up to4  ,!re is 
room = a natural pa9t]4  ,a natural     
pa9t] he became--! pa9t] ( ,engl&1 (    
simple rural sc5es4  ,at =ty-sev5 ye>s (
 age he lam5t$ t he _h nev] visit$      
,italy1 b ! mood pass$ z quickly z x    

came1 & he cries3 ,no1 b ,i 0 born to   
pa9t a happi] l&1 my own de> old ,engl&4
 ,& f 8 own de> old ,engl& he bani%$ !  
br[n tree4  ,b ! droll /ory ( ! ,br[n   
,tree des]ves a new *apt]4     ,,*apt]  
,,ii  ,,! ,,br[n ,,tree  ,a con/ant     
communion ) pictures1 ! t9ts ( :i* are  
subdu$ by "t1 no d\bt t5ds to unfit !   
eye = ! enjoym5t ( fre%ness4  ,s wrote !
 wise ,leslie 9 a *apt] n>rat+ c]ta9    
passages ( art talk betwe5 ,con/able &  
,sir ,george ,beaumont1 :5 ! pa9t] 0    
visit+ ! amiable b>onet at ,cole-,orton4
  ,! mod]n _w is a little amus$ by ,sir 
,george ,beaumont--collector1           
connoisseur1 & pa9t]--:o1 9 8 own ripe  
p]son1 precisely & accurately exemplifi$
 ,con/able's criticism ( c]ta9 ,fr5*    
arti/s4  ,!y /udy 7& !y are v labori\s  
/ud5ts7 pictures only4  ,sir ,george    
lov$ art1 z he und]/ood ! t]m1 & x 0 n 8
 fault t he c\ld n see eye to eye ) ! "y
 vision ( ,con/able4 ,q cont5t & happy 0
 ,sir ,george2 he did n wi% to *ange4   
,lov$ art8  ,he _h a passion = art4     

,did he n always c>ry ) him ^u 8 j\rneys
 ,claude's picture ( ,hag>8  ,9 #ahbf he
 pres5t$ ,hag>1 :i* is n[ catalogu$ "u !
 title ( ,l&scape ) ,figures1 to !      
nation2 b he felt s disconsolate )\t 8  
ador$ picture t he begg$ to h x return$ 
to him = 8 life-"t4 ,t 0 done1 & on ,sir
 ,george's dea? 9 #ahbh 8 wid[ re/or$   
,hag> to ! ,national ,gall]y4  ,/udy    
,hag>1 & y h ! measure ( ! art          
pr$ilections ( ,sir ,george ,beaumont1  
collector1 connoisseur1 pa9t]1 patron1 &
 fri5d ( ,john ,con/able1 & au?or ( !   
fam\s "q1 ,d y f9d x v difficult to     
det]m9e :]e to place y\r br[n tree8     
,con/able's answ] is record$4  ,n 9 !   
lea/1 = ,i nev] put su* a ?+ into a     
picture4  ,sir ,george did4  ,obs]v+ !  
br[n tree sprawl+ 9 ! =mal & academic   
pictures he priz$ & copi$1 he reproduc$ 
x labori\sly 9 8 own works4  ,app>5tly x
 nev] occurr$ to him t ^? br[n trees may
 once h be5 gre54  ,sir ,george1 says   
,leslie1 seem$ to consid] ! autumnal    
t9ts necess>y1 at lea/ to "s "p ( a     

l&scape4  ,& ,leslie is ! au?ority = two
 (t-told /ories ab\t ,gasp> ,p\ss9 &    
ab\t ! ,cremona fiddle4    ,,plate      
,,iii4--,,! ,,cornfield1 ,,or ,,c\ntry  
,,lane4  ,national ,gall]y4  ,pa9t$ 9   
#ahbf1 & pres5t$ to ! ,national ,gall]y 
9 #ahcg by an association ( g5tlem51 :o 
pur*as$ x ( ! pa9t]'s executors4 ,a     
typical "w4  ,john ,con/able 0 pleas$ ) 
8 ,cornfield4 ,writ+ ( x to ,ar*deacon  
,fi%]1 he said--,x is n neglect$ 9 any  
"p2 ! trees are m ?an usually /udi$1    
well def9$ z well z ! /ems2 !y are %ak5 
by a pleasant & heal?ful breeze at noon4
  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iii4--,,!     
,,cornfield1 ,,or ,,c\ntry ,,lane4      
,sir ,george hav+ plac$ a small l&scape 
by ,gasp> ,p\ss9 on 8 easel1 close to a 
picture he 0 pa9t+1 said1 ,n[1 if ,i c  
mat* ^! t9ts ,i am sure to be "r4  ,b   
suppose1 repli$ ,con/able1 ,gasp> c\ld  
rise f 8 grave1 d y ?9k he w\ld "k 8 own
 picture 9 its pres5t /ate8 or if he    
did1 %\ld we n f9d x difficult to       
p]suade him t somebody _h n sme>$ t> or 

c>t grease ov] its surface1 & !n wip$ x 
imp]fectly (f8  ,! fiddle /ory c be told
 9 few] words4  ,sir ,george hav+       
recomm5d$ ! col\r ( an old ,cremona     
fiddle = ! prevail+ tone ( ev]y?+ 9     
,nature1 ,con/able answ]$ by lay+ an old
 fiddle on ! gre5 lawn be=e ! h\se4     
,sir ,george ,beaumont 0 "o ( ! la/ ( ! 
s]vile disciples ( ,claude ,lorra9e & ! 
,p\ss9s1 :o conjur$ _! foll[]s into     
believ+ t a l&scape mu/ be compos$ 9 !  
gr& or classical mann]1 & mu/ con=m to  
c]ta9 academic rules4  ,claude's draw+s1
 pres]v$ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 proclaim t
 he c\ld be z frank1 delightful1 &      
impulsive z ,con/able 9 8 sket*es2 b :5 
,claude con/ruct$ a l&scape ( ru9$      
temples & fatu\s biblical or leg5d>y    
figures1 ! inspiration ( 8 draw+ usually
 evaporat$4 ,claude's g5ius rema9$1 &   
!re are pictures by him1 notably ,!     
,en*ant$ ,ca/le1 t 9 _! p>ticul> mann] h
 nev] be5 surpass$2 b alas6 x 0 n !     
g5ius t ,sir ,george ,beaumont imitat$1 
b ,claude's mann]isms & limitations4  ,!

 /ay-at-home ,dut*m5 :o flood$ !        
sev5te5? c5tury ) _! simple1 homely1 &  
(t5 beautiful l&scapes _h no attraction 
= gr&iose ,sir ,george & 8 k94  ,! g5ius
 ( ,watteau :i* fla%$ into ! eighte5?   
c5tury1 ! comm&+ p]=mances ( ,ri*>d     
,wilson & ,ga9sbor\gh 9 l&scape1 _h no  
influ5ce ^u ! practition]s ( ! gr&      
mann]4  ,& 9 tru? ^? pione]s suff]$ = _!
 tem]ity4  ,wilson1 :o nev] q ca/ (f !  
classical mantle1 accept$ ) gratitude1  
at ! height ( 8 fame1 ! po/ ( libr>ian  
to ! ,royal ,academy4  ,ga9sbor\gh w\ld 
h />v$ _h he be5 oblig$ to dep5d ^u     
l&scape pa9t+ = a liv+1 & ,con/able w\ld
 h be5 9 f9ancial /raits _h he be5      
oblig$ to dep5d = ! support ( 8 family  
entirely ^u ! sale ( 8 pictures4        
,wilson di$ 9 #aghb1 ,ga9sbor\gh 9      
#aghh1 & ,j4 ,r4 ,coz5s1 :om ,con/able  
describ$ z ! greate/ g5ius :o ev] t\*$  
l&scape1 9 #agii2 b ! c>e]s ( ^! m5 _c  
be said to h influ5c$ _! l&scape        
contempor>ies4  ,:ile ,wilson1          
,ga9sbor\gh1 & ,coz5s 7 /ill alive1     

c]ta9 boys 7 gr[+ up 9 ,engl&1 :o 7     
de/9$ to make ! n9ete5? c5tury spl5did )
 _! l&scape p]=mances4  ,:at a galaxy ( 
names6  ,old ,crome & ,james ,w>d 7 born
 9 #agfi2 ,turn] & ,girt9 9 #agge2      
,con/able 9 #aggf4  ,cotman saw ! light 
9 #aghb1 ! ye> ( ,wilson's dea?2 ,david 
,cox 9 #aghc2 ,pet] de ,w9t 9 #aghd1 & !
 %ort & brilliant life ( ,bon+ton began 
9 #ahja4  ,b l&scape pa9t+ 0 /ill1 & 0  
to rema9 = long1 ! ,c9d]ella ( ! arts4  
,9 #ahbi ,cotman wrote a lett] beg9n+1  
,my elde/ son is foll[+ ! same mis]able 
pr(ession4  ,con/able's ,briti%         
contempor>ies be+ m5 ( g5ius ( v>i\s    
degrees1 m5 ( individual vision1 x is q 
natural t 8 influ5ce ^u !m %\ld h be5   
almo/ negligible4  ,turn]1 ,old ,crome1 
& ,bon+ton ow$ no?+ to ,con/able2 b 9   
,france x 0 diff]5t4  ,9 ! e>ly ye>s ( !
 n9ete5? c5tury :5 ,engli%m5 7 produc+  
magnific5t "w :i* 0 to br+ !m su* great 
po/hum\s fame & su* small rew>ds dur+ _!
 lifetime1 l&scape pa9t+ 9 ,france 0    
/ill slumb]+ 9 classical swa?+-b&s4  ,z 

if fright5$ out ( orig9ality by !       
horrors ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution ( #aghi1 !
 l&scape pa9t]s ( ,france = ?irty ye>s &
 m rema9$ /eep$ 9 ! apa?y ( classicism4 
,david 7#agdh-ahbe7 dom9at$ ! ,fr5* art 
_w1 & no m]e l&scape pa9t] 0 able to    
dispel ! heavy tradition t ,david impos$
 9 hi/orical pa9t+4  ,true !re 7        
prote/ors1 orig9al m5 7!re always are71 
b !y 7 p[]less to /em ! turgid /ream4   
,!re 0 ,paul ,huet & !re 0 ,georges     
,mi*el1 happy no d\bt 9 _! "w1 b        
un=tunate 9 liv+ be=e _! "t4  ,mi*el1   
neglect$1 misund]/ood1 0 exclud$ f !    
,salon exhibitions aft] #ahad1 on acc\nt
 ( 8 revolution>y t5d5cies4  ,we note   
signs ( ! br[n tree obsession 9 ,mi*el's
 spaci\s & simple l&scapes1 b he pa9t$ !
 environs ( ,p>is1 & did n give a ?\ght 
to !atrical r5d]+s ( ,plut>*1 ,!ocritus1
 ,ovid1 or ,virgil4  ,france 0 ripe =   
,con/able at t memorable ,salon ( #ahbd1
 simple1 /raight-see+ ,con/able1 :o     
pa9t$ 8 ,suffolk p>i%1 n ! tumbl+ ru9s (
 ,italy1 & :o %[$ t ! sun %9es1 t ! w9d 

bl[s1 t wat] wets1 & t air & light are  
ev]y:]e4 ,b ,con/able's influ5ce on !   
,fr5* pa9t]s1 al?\gh great1 mu/ n be    
ov]/at$4  ,*ange 0 9 ! air4  ,h]ald     
signs _h n be5 lack+ ( ! rebir? ( ,fr5* 
l&scape pa9t+4  ,! ,fr5* critics ( !    
,salons _h already begun to compla9 ( ! 
/]eotyp$ classical ru9s & br[n-tree     
l&scapes2 !y ann\nc$ t !y 7 we>y (      
mal>i\s lakes1 desolate wa/es1 & t]rible
 cliffs4 ,joyfully !y welcom$ 9 ! ,salon
 ( #ahbb ! brilliant wat]-col\rs (      
,bon+ton1 ,copley ,field+1 & o!r        
,engli%m51 & !n came #ahbd ) ,con/able  
%[+ t ! bright1 fre% col\rs 7 also      
possible 9 oil1 & t a f9e picture c\ld  
be made out ( an unpicturesque locality1
 a lock1 a cottage1 a hay-wa91 a        
cornfield1 q z well z f a ,plague among 
! ,phili/9es at ,a%dod1 or an           
,emb>kation ( ! ,que5 ( ,%eba4  ,z has  
be5 already expla9$1 ,con/able did n    
dream ( ! success & fame t 0 9 /ore =   
him 9 ,p>is4  ,! ,hay ,wa9 0 pa9t$ 9    
#ahba2 he 0 !n =ty-five1 & z w be se5 f 

! foll[+ lett] writt5 9 #ahbb1 he _h n  
f\nd art remun]ative4  ,i h "s nibbles  
at my l>ge picture ( ',! ,hay ,wa9' 9 ! 
,briti% ,gall]y4  ,i h an (f] ( sev5ty  
p\nds )\t ! frame to =m "p ( an         
exhibition 9 ,p>is4  ,i h>dly "k :at to 
d4  ,x might promote my fame & procure  
me commissions1 b x is ! prop]ty ( my   
family2 ?\gh ,i want money dreadfully2  
&1 on ?is subject1 ,i mu/ beg a great   
fav\r ( y1 inde$1 ,i c d x ( no o!r     
p]son4  ,! loan ( tw5ty p\nds or ?irty  
p\nds w\ld be ( ! greate/ use to me at  
?is "t1 z pa9t+ ^! l>ge pictures has mu*
 impov]i%$ me4  ,9 #ahbd ! nibble became
 a bite4  ,! ,hay ,wa9 ) ! two o!r      
pictures 0 sold to a ,fr5*man = two     
hundr$ & fifty p\nds4 ,! ,fr5*man's     
object 0 to make a %[ ( !m 9 ,p>is4  ,he
 did s to "s purpose4  ,& x is odd to   
note t ! "n ( ?is f>see+ ,fr5*man has   
nev] be5 disclos$4  ,above ,! ,hay ,wa9 
9 ! ,national ,gall]y hangs ,james      
,w>d's f9e picture call$ ,view ( ,h>le* 
,ca/le & surr\nd+ l&scape4 ,t is !      

(ficial title1 b ,i sugge/ t ! title    
%\ld be1 ,! ,end ( ! ,br[n ,tree4  ,y w 
obs]ve t ! br[n tree has be5 cut d[n &  
is be+ hurri$ away 9 a c>t drawn by f\r 
grey horses4  ,i d n accuse ! ,director 
( ! ,national ,gall]y ( jok+2 b ,i _c   
?9k x 0 altoge!r )\t int5tion t1 9 !    
rehang+ ( ! room1 ,james ,w>d's allegory
 ( ! end ( ! ,br[n ,tree %\ld h be5 hung
 above ,con/able's ,hay ,wa91 ! pione]  
picture ( ! new movem5t4     ,,*apt]    
,,iii  ,,8 ,,life  ,con/able _h a happy1
 unev5tful life & a quiet dea?4  ,a     
happy life8  ,yes4  ,= ! loss ( fri5ds &
 ! depression ( spirits t cl\d$ 8 clos+ 
ye>s are ev5ts t happ5 to n a few :o h  
liv$ ! major portion ( _! lives         
pleasantly & successfully4 ,practical1  
level-head$1 indu/ri\s1 !re is no h9t ( 
! ab]rations or ecc5tricities ( g5ius 9 
! ord]ly & fruitful sixty-"o ye>s ( 8   
exi/5ce1 :i* began 9 #aggf1 & end$ 9    
#ahcg4  ,probably ! sev]e/ bl[ 9 8 life 
0 ! dea? ( 8 wife 9 #ahbh1 leav+ him )  
sev5 *ildr54  ,x came1 almo/ )\t w>n+1 !

 ye> aft] ! family _h settl$ s cont5t$ly
 9 ,well ,walk1 ,hamp/ead4  ,?is h\se1  
he wrote1 is to my wife's he>t's cont5t2
 x is situat$ on an em95ce at ! back ( !
 spot 9 :i* y saw u1 & our little       
draw+-room comm&s a view unsurpass$ 9   
,europe1 f ,we/m9/] ,abbey to ,graves5d4
  ,! dome ( ,/ ,paul's 9 ! air seems to 
realise ,mi*ael ,angelo's words on see+ 
! ,pan!on2 ',i w build su* a ?+ 9 !     
sky4'  ,aft] 8 wife's dea? ,con/able    
return$ to 8 =m] resid5ce 9 ,*>lotte    
,/reet1 ,fitzroy ,squ>e2 b he reta9$    
,well ,walk1 & (t5 soj\rn$ !re4         
,,plate ,,iv4--,,flat=d ,,mill ,,on ,,! 
,,riv] ,,/\r4  ,national ,gall]y4       
,pa9t$ 9 #ahag4  ,con/able 0 !n =ty-"o1 
a some:at mature age = a man to produce 
:at may fairly be call$ 8 fir/ important
 "w4  ,x is a picture ( ,engl&--ripe1   
lu%1 c>efully compos$1 c>efully execut$1
 b fre% z are ! mead[s on ! banks ( !   
,/\r2 & ! sky1 across :i* ! l>ge cl\ds  
are drift+1 is sunny4  ,illu/ration3    
,,plate ,,iv4--,,flat=d ,,mill ,,on ,,! 

,,riv] ,,/\r4    ,probably ! greate/    
surprise1 & c]ta9ly "o ( ! mo/ com=t+   
episodes ( 8 life1 0 ! receipt ( a      
legacy ( tw5ty ?\s& p\nds on ! dea? ( 8 
wife's fa!r1 :i* elicit$ ! rem>k t n[ he
 c\ld /& be=e a six-foot canvas ) a m9d 
at ease1 ?ank ,god6  ,con/able develop$ 
sl[ly z a pa9t]1 b hav+ once f\nd       
himself he /rode /eadily onw>d1 kn[+    
exactly :at he meant to d1 turn+ nei!r  
to ! "r nor to ! left1 indiff]5t to     
tradition1 s*ools1 & influ5ces4         
,consequ5tly ! e>li] ye>s ( 8 life1 :5  
he 0 break+ away f tradition & beg9n+ to
 see ?+s ) 8 own eyes are ! m int]e/+4  
,he 0 born at ,ea/ ,b]gholt 9 ,suffolk  
on #aa? ,june #aggf1 ! second son (     
,gold+ ,con/able1 own] ( wat] & w9d     
mills4  ,at ! ,d$ham ,gramm> ,s*ool he 0
 r5[n$ = 8 p5man%ip1 & be=e he left     
s*ool1 at sev5te5 ye>s ( age1 he _h     
already %[n a /rong incl9ation t[>ds    
pa9t+4  ,9 ?is he 0 enc\rag$ by 8 fri5d 
,john ,dun?orne1 plumb] & glazi]1 a man 
( p>ts1 :o devot$ 8 leisure "t to       

l&scape pa9t+4  ,fate 0 complaisant to  
,con/able4  ,born 9 an opul5t & wood$   
qu>t] ( ,suffolk1 on a spot ov]look+ !  
f]tile valley ( ! ,/\r1 ) a fri5d close 
at h& :o lov$ ,nature & pa9t$ h] =      
pleasure n = pr(it1 c we wond] t1 lat] 9
 life1 ,con/able wrote en?usia/ically & 
gratefully ( ! sc5es ( my boyhood :i*   
made me a pa9t]4  ,a pa9t] he 0 f !     
beg9n+1 = 8 fa!r's proposal t he %\ld   
take ,ord]s 0 nev] really s]i\sly       
ent]ta9$1 & ! ye> t he sp5t z a mill] 0 
surely ( m s]vice to him z a /ud5t (    
,nature ?an if he _h sp5t ! p]iod z a   
/ud5t 9 an art s*ool4  ,z a mill]1 !    
h&some mill] he 0 call$1 he le>nt at    
fir/ h& ! ways ( w9ds1 cl\ds1 & /orms2 9
 an art s*ool he w\ld h le>n$ h[ 8      
pr$ecessors _h decid$ t antique /atues  
%\ld be drawn & %ad$4  ,yes2 ev]y?+     
conspir$ to make ,john ,con/able a      
natural pa9t]4  ,! art s*ools w\ld s]ve 
him lat]1 b t ye> z a mill] wat*+ !     
skies1 not+ ! w9ds1 obs]v+ ! gr[? (     
crops1 & ! demean\r ( trees1 0 !        

f\ndation ( 8 orig9ality4  ,he 0 b      
sixte5--t impressionable p]iod :5 ev]y?+
 is new1 & ! eyes ( body & s\l absorb & 
reta94  ,9 t fre% & impulsive sket*     
call$ ,spr+1 n[ 9 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t  
,museum1 he pa9t$1 lat] 9 life1 "o ( !  
mills 9 :i* he work$1 ^u ! timb]s ( :i* 
he _h c>v$ ! words ,john ,con/able1     
#agib4  ,9 ! second edition ( 8 ,life1  
publi%$ 9 #ahde1 ,leslie says t ! "n &  
date1 neatly c>v$ ) a p5knife1 /ill     
rema94 ,leslie also pr9ts ,con/able's   
description ( ?is ,spr+ sket* :i* 0     
engrav$ by ,david ,lucas4  ,x may p]haps
 give "s idea ( "o ( ^? bright silv]y   
days 9 ! spr+1 :5 at noon l>ge g>i%     
cl\ds sur*>g$ ) hail or sleet sweep ) _!
 broad %ad[s ! fields1 woods1 & hills2 &
 by _! dep?s enhance ! value ( ! vivid  
gre5s & yell[s s peculi> to ! season4   
,! natural hi/ory1 if ! expression may  
be us$1 ( ! skies1 :i* are s p>ticul>ly 
m>k$ 9 ! hail squalls at ?is "t ( ! ye>1
 is ?is4444  ,!n foll[s a l5g?y &       
intimate /udy ( ! natural hi/ory ( !    

skies1 %[+ :at /ores ( k he _h amass$   
dur+ ! ye> he work$ z a mill]4  ,is x   
exagg]ation to describe t ye> z ! mo/   
important ( 8 life4  ,x gave him !      
indep5d5t outlook1 ! r\gh intimacy )    
fields & h$g][s "u ! influ5ces ( light &
 wea!r1 t new-old k :i* s a/oni%$ !     
,fr5* arti/s at ! ,salon ( #ahbd4       
,con/able began ) ! skies ( ,nature1 he 
w5t on to /udy ! skies ( ,claude1       
,ruysdael1 & o!r ma/]s2 b he return$ to 
! skies & pa/ures ( ,nature1 nev] to    
leave !m aga94    ,,plate ,v4--,,d$ham  
,,mill4  ,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum4    
,pa9t$ 9 #ahbj1 ?ree ye>s aft] ,flat=d  
,mill4  ,con/able's fa!r 0 ! own] ( !   
wat]mills at ,flat=d & ,d$ham4  ,_m ye>s
 be=e ! date ( ?is picture1 ,con/able1  
writ+ ( a l&scape ( ,d$ham by an        
acqua9tance1 said--,x is v well pa9t$1 &
 !re is pl5ty ( light )\t any light at  
all4  ,9 ,d$ham ,mill1 he progresses 9 8
 purpose to infuse true light into 8    
pictures4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate        
,v4--,,d$ham ,,mill4    ,"h is a fur!r  

episode ( ,con/able's y\? be=e he visit$
 ,london1 ano!r example ( ! luck1 !re is
 no o!r ^w = x1 t att5d$ 8 art beg9n+s4 
,! ,d[ag] ,lady ,beaumont liv$ at       
,d$ham1 :]e ,gold+ ,con/able own$ a     
wat]-mill1 & z ! families 7 fri5dly1    
,con/able e>ly made ! acqua9tance ( h]  
son1 ,sir ,george ,beaumont1 :o 0       
tw5ty-?ree ye>s 8 s5ior4  ,he _h already
 approv$ ( "s copies made by ! y\? 9 p5 
& ink aft] ,dorigny's engrav+s ( !      
c>toons ( ,raphael1 & he _h %[$ him !   
,hag> by ,claude1 already m5tion$1 :i*  
,sir ,george always c>ri$ ab\t ) him :5 
he travell$4  ,:at 0 /ill m important1  
he display$ be=e 8 protege ?irty        
wat]-col\rs by ,girt94  ,! ,claude & !  
array ( ,girt9s produc$ an enorm\s      
impression ^u "y ,con/able4  ,9 ,claude 
he made acqua9tance ) an old ma/]1 :o _h
 be5 ! fir/ to pa9t pure l&scape 9 !    
approv$ gr& or classical mann]2 9 ,girt9
 0 reveal$ to him ! h>b+] ( a new epo* 9
 l&scape pa9t+1 ! "y ,girt91 fri5d &    
fell[-/ud5t ( ,turn]1 :o di$ 9 #ahjb at 

! age ( tw5ty-sev51 & ( :om ,turn]      
said--,_h ,girt9 liv$1 ,i %\ld h />v$4  
,9 #agie ,con/able made a t5tative visit
 to ,london1 = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ :at 
might be 8 *ance ( success z a pa9t]4   
,he c>ri$ ) him a lett] to ,joseph      
,f>r+ton1 pupil ( ,ri*>d ,wilson1 :o    
pr$ict$ t 8 /yle ( l&scape w\ld "o day  
=m a di/9ct feature 9 ! art4  ,con/able 
also made ! acqua9tance ( ,john ,?omas  
,smi?1 ! engrav]1 kn[n z ,antiquity     
,smi?1 :o gave him ! foll[+ excell5t    
advice1 :i* %[s t ! revolt aga9/ !      
academic l&scape _h already begun 9     
,engl&3  ,d n1 said ,antiquity ,smi?1   
set ab\t inv5t+ figures = a l&scape tak5
 f ,nature2 = y _c rema9 an h\r 9 any   
spot1 h[ev] solit>y1 )\t ! appe>ance (  
"s liv+ ?+ t w 9 all probability accord 
bett] ) ! sc5e & "t ( day ?an w any     
inv5tion ( y\r own4  ,t visit to ,london
 = ! purpose ( asc]ta9+ :at might be 8  
*ance ( success z a pa9t]1 w\ld seem to 
h be5 enc\rag+ nei!r to himself nor to 8
 p>5ts4  ,no imm$iate answ] 0 =?com+1 & 

:ile ! decision 0 9 abeyance 8 "t 0     
divid$ betwe5 ,london & ,b]gholt4  ,x is
 on record t he work$ h>d3 t he /udi$   
,leon>do's ,treatise on ,pa9t+2 t he    
read ,hessn]'s ,essay on ,l&scape2 & t  
he pa9t$ two pictures--,a ,*ymi/ & ,an  
,al*ymi/--( v little m]it4  ,gradually x
 seems to h be5 recognis$ t he 0 to     
become n a pa9t]1 b a cl]k 9 8 fa!r's   
c\nt+-h\se4  ,9 #agig1 at ! age (       
tw5ty-"o1 "y ,con/able wrote to         
,antiquity ,smi?3  ,i mu/ n[ take y\r   
advice & att5d to my fa!r's bus9ess 444 
n[ ,i see pla9ly x w be my lot to walk  
?r\gh life 9 a pa? contr>y to t 9 :i* my
 incl9ation w\ld lead me4  ,poor ,john6 
,n ev5 a peep ( ! skies f ! w9dmill1    
m]ely a /ool 9 ! c\nt+-h\se4  ,?is ?reat
 ( ! c\nt+-h\se /ool seems to h be5 only
 a tempor>y m5ace4  ,8 biograph] dwells 
v briefly on ^? d>k disillusion$ days4  
,sudd5ly ! cl\ds lift1 & 9 #agii we f9d 
him admitt$ a /ud5t ( ! ,royal ,academy 
,s*ools4  ,8 biograph] breaks ! news    
dramatically1 ) ! /atem5t--9 ! ye> #agii

 he _h resum$ ! p5cil1 n aga9 to lay x  
aside4  ,no record is giv5 ( ! p]iod he 
presumably pass$ 9 8 fa!r's c\nt+-h\se4 
,we "k only t at tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( age  
he atta9$ 8 he>t's desire4  ,! foll[+   
passage f a lett] writt5 to ,dun?orne1  
on #d? ,febru>y #agii1 inaugurates      
,con/able's c>e] z a pa9t]3  ,i am n[   
com=tably settl$ 9 ,cecil ,/reet1 ,/r&1 
,numb] tw5ty-?ree4  ,i %all beg9 pa9t+ z
 soon z ,i h ! loan ( a sweet little    
picture by ,jacob ,ruysdael to copy4    
,no d\bt he le>n$ mu* f copy+ ,ruysdael 
& o!r ma/]s1 b ,nature 0 8 real tutor4  
,lat] 9 ! ye> he writes f ,ipswi*3  ,x  
is a mo/ delightful c\ntry = a pa9t]4   
,i fancy ,i see ,ga9sbor\gh 9 e h$ge &  
holl[ tree4  ,& 9 #ahjb he makes t      
memorable communication by lett] to     
,dun?orne aft] a visit to ,sir ,george  
,beaumont's pictures1 to :i* ref]5ce has
 already be5 made4  ,= ! la/ two ye>s ,i
 h be5 runn+ aft] pictures1 & seek+ !   
tru? at second h& 444 ,i %all return to 
,b]gholt1 :]e ,i %all endeav\r to get a 

pure & unaffect$ mann] ( repres5t+ !    
sc5es t may employ me 444 ,!re is room =
 a natural pa9t]4 ,! great vice ( ! day 
is bravura1 an attempt to d some?+      
beyond ! tru?4  ,con/able _h n[         
?irty-five ye>s ( life be=e him1 ?r\gh  
:i* he work$ unwe>y+ly1 joyfully1 to    
become a natural pa9t]4 ,h5ce=? he 0 !  
int]pret] ( ,engli% cultivat$           
sc5]y--pa/ures & ! skies1 trees &       
cottages1 ! f>m-h&1 ! f>m-waggon1 !     
f>m-horse1 ! fugitive ra9 & ! w9d t     
passes4  ,m\nta9s1 ! sea1 ! pil$ up     
maje/ic picturesqu5ess ( ,nature did n  
attract him4  ,9 bra91 he>t1 & vision he
 0 ess5tial pa/oral ,engl&1 & nev] did  
he bett] express 8 inn]mo/ feel+ ?an :5 
he wrote3  ,i love e /ile & /ump & lane 
9 ! village2 z long z ,i am able to hold
 a bru%1 ,i %all nev] cease to pa9t !m4 
,! life ( a pa9t] is n usually excit+1 &
 ,con/able's life 0 no exception1  ,"h  
are a few dates4  ,9 #ahjb1 at ! age (  
tw5ty-six1 he exhibit$ 8 fir/ picture1  
"u ! unambiti\s title ,a ,l&scape1 at ! 

,royal ,academy2 9 #ahaf1 at =ty1 he    
m>ri$2 9 #ahai1 at =ty-?ree1 he 0 elect$
 ,a4,r4,a42 9 #ahbd1 8 ,hay ,wa9 0      
exhibit$ at ! ,salon2 9 #ahbh 8 wife    
di$2 9 #ahbi1 at fifty-?ree1 he 0 elect$
 ,r4,a41 & 9 #ahcg he di$4  ,! end 0    
sudd54  ,he _h be5 at "w dur+ ! day on 8
 la/ picture ( ,arundel ,mill & ,ca/le1 
& al?\gh 8 fri5ds notic$ t he 0 n look+ 
well1 he 0 able to g out t ev5+ on an   
err& connect$ ) ! ,arti/s' ,b5evol5t    
,fund4  ,he retir$ to b$ ab\t n9e       
o'clock1 read z 0 8 cu/om1 & :5 ! s]vant
 remov$ ! c&le by :i* he _h be5 read+1  
he 0 asleep4  ,lat] he awoke 9 great    
pa91 & di$ )9 an h\r4  ,! po/-mortem    
reveal$ no indications ( disease1 & !   
extreme pa91 says ,leslie1 f :i*        
,con/able suff]$ & di$ c\ld only be     
trac$ to indige/ion4  ,! vault 9 !      
s\?-ea/ corn] ( ! *ur*y>d at ,hamp/ead  
:]e 8 wife _h be5 buri$1 & f ! %ock ( ^:
 dea? he nev] q recov]$1 0 op5$1 & he 0 
laid by h] side4  ,8 art 0 sane &       
heal?y1 b 8 lett]s %[ t dur+ ! latt] "p 

( 8 life he suff]$ f depression & morbid
 fancies4  ,all my indispositions1 he   
wrote to ,fi%]1 h _! s\rce 9 my m9d4  ,x
 is :5 ,i am re/less & unhappy t ,i     
become susceptible ( cold1 damp1 heats1 
& su* nons5se4  ,&1 to sum up1 ,leslie  
recalls a passage writt5 by ,con/able t5
 ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 9 :i*1 aft] speak+ ( 
hav+ remov$ 8 family to ,hamp/ead1 he   
says3 ,i c\ld gladly exclaim1 "h let me 
take my ev]la/+ re/4  ,b 8 life 0 an    
extremely happy "o on ! :ole2 ! legacies
 he receiv$1 plac$ him 9 com=table      
circum/ances1 & if1 outside 8 own       
frat]nity1 8 art 0 b little enc\rag$1 t 
0 ! lot ( all l&scape pa9t]s4  ,x is    
said t he 0 ne>ly =ty be=e he sold a    
l&scape beyond ! circle ( 8 relatives & 
p]sonal fri5ds4  ,?is 0 probably !      
,pl\gh+ ,sc5e 9 ,suffolk1 b\ght f !     
,royal ,academy ,exhibition ( #ahad by  
,mr ,allnutt4  ,b to set aga9/ ?is t>dy 
recognition1 !re 0 ! spl5d\r ( !        
ackn[l$gm5ts t came lat]--8 gold m$al at
 ! #ahbd ,salon1 & ! gold m$al at ,lille

 9 #ahbe = 8 ,:ite ,horse4  ,! pric$    
catalogue ( ! sale ( 8 pictures &       
sket*es aft] 8 dea? %[s h[ enorm\sly !  
appreciation ( ,con/able has increas$4  
,! two magnific5t /udies = ,! ,hay ,wa9 
& ,! ,leap+ ,horse n[ at ! ,victoria &  
,alb]t ,museum1 7 sold 9 "o lot = f\rte5
 p\nds t5 %ill+s2 ,salisbury ,ca!dral f 
! ,bi%op's ,g>d51 w5t = sixty-f\r p\nds 
"o %ill+1 & ,! ,op5+ ( ,wat]loo ,bridge 
= sixty-?ree p\nds4  ,con/able fell "u !
 ban ( ,rusk9--unju/ly1 ,i h nev] se5   
any "w ( 8 9 :i* !re 7 signs ( 8 be+    
able to draw is ! op5+ ( an (t-quot$    
passage2 b :5 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s 0 be+      
writt51 z ,mr ,/urge ,h5d]son po9ts out1
 ! magnific5t collection ( ,con/able's  
tree /udies & sket*es1 n[ at ,s\?       
,k5s+ton1 7 /ill 9 private h&s4  ,rusk9 
c\ld nev] h taunt$ ,con/able ) n be+    
able to draw _h he exam9$ ^? /udies4    
,al?\gh n a great draughtsman he 0      
c]ta9ly a consci5ti\s1 compet5t1 &      
life-long /ud5t ( draw+4  ,con/able has 
n[ 8 assur$ high place 9 ,briti% art4   

,s valuable h 8 pa9t+s become1 t he has 
long be5 a prey to ! =g] & ! clev]      
copyi/4  ,mr ,c4 ,j4 ,holmes1 9 8       
exhau/ive & discrim9at+ "w on ,con/able1
 devotes f\r pages to an exam9ation ( ! 
me?ods ( ! =g]s4  ,9 ano!r app5dix he   
pr9ts a *ronological li/ ( ,con/able's  
*ief pictures & sket*es1 f #agie1 ! ye> 
( 8 e>lie/ dat$ "w1 ,a ,/udy aft]       
,claude1 to ! ,arundel ,mill & ,ca/le1  
exhibit$ at ! ,royal ,academy 9 #ahcg4  
,at ! beg9n+ ( ! record ( ea* ye>'s "w  
!re is a l9e giv+ ! ,places ,visit$ by  
,con/able dur+ ! ye>4  ,^! b>e records  
are l s _m w9d[s op5+ to ! c\ntry places
 :i* ,con/able lov$1 :]e he sp5t joy\s1 
en?usia/ic days2 = ,con/able 0 nev] s   
happy z :5 he /ood ) bru%es & palette   
face to face ) ,nature4  ,turn] 0 a _w  
travell]--! _w ( ,europe4  ,con/able 0 a
 home travell]--! homely /iles1 /umps1 &
 lanes ( ! village4  ,:at a vi/a !      
foll[+ m]e record ( ! ,places ,visit$ 9 
#ahbc gives3 ,london1 ,s\?gate1         
,suffolk1 ,salisbury1 ,gill+ham1        

,%]b\rne1 ,fon?ill1 ,cole-,orton4  ,c y 
n see him draw+ f ea* place fre% & dewy 
inspiration8  ,n tru? at second-h&3 tru?
 direct f ! s\rce4  ,& does n ! he>t    
respond to ,con/able's g5]\s en?usiasm =
 8 great contempor>y4 ,"h is 8 te/imony 
to ,turn]'s contributions to ! ,royal   
,academy ,exhibition ( #ahbh3  ,turn]   
has "s gold5 visions1 glori\s &         
beautiful4  ,!y are only visions1 b     
/ill1 !y are art1 & "o c\ld live & die )
 su* pictures4    ,,plate ,,vi4--,a     
,,c\ntry ,,lane4  ,national ,gall]y4    
,?is sket* probably s]v$ z ! motive = ! 
picture ( ,! ,cornfield4  ,! sobriety ( 
! "w places x 9 a category betwe5 !     
c>eful con/ruction ( ! ,exhibition      
pictures & ! impetuosity ( mo/ ( !      
sket*es4  ,illu/ration3 ,,plate         
,,vi4--,a ,,c\ntry ,,lane4       ,,*apt]
 ,,iv  ,,8 ,,sket*es  ,con/able exhibit$
 "o hundr$ & f\r works at ! ,royal      
,academy4 ,9 addition to ^! & o!r       
pa9t+s1 he produc$ _m brilliant sket*es 
& a numb] ( draw+s4  ,l ,turn]1 8       

a*ievem5ts may be exhau/ively /udi$ 9   
public ,exhibitions 9 ,london1 & z )    
,turn]1 ! difficulty is :]e to beg94    
,at ! ,national ,gall]y !re is a wall   
compos$1 ) "o exception1 entirely ( 8   
works2 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum     
conta9s a room1 or r a hall ( 8         
pictures1 sket*es1 & /udies1 & he is    
also repres5t$ at ! ,tate & ,diploma    
,gall]ies4  ,"s ( ! examples 7 bequea!d 
to ! nation by 8 la/ surviv+ daught]1   
,miss ,isabel ,con/able1 9 #ahhh4 ,two  
ye>s lat] ,h5ry ,vaughan bequea!d a     
numb] ( works1 includ+ ,! ,hay ,wa94  ,!
 casual visitor f9ds little emotional   
excitem5t1 & no lit]>y int]e/ 9 ^! hone/
 int]pretations ( ,engli% sc5]y4        
,con/able 0 nev] dramatic 7,! ,op5+ (   
,wat]loo ,bridge may be c\nt$ an        
exception7 or ideali/ic l ,turn]4  ,f a 
sc5ic po9t ( view1 ,! ,hay ,wa9 is dull 
comp>$ ) ,ulysses ,d]id+ ,polyphemus1 & 
k ( art hi/ory is n s widely diffus$ z  
to give to ,! ,hay ,wa9 ! int]e/ x %\ld 
comm& z a pione] picture 9 mod]n        

l&scape4  ,con/able does n ?rill4  ,roa/
 beef does n ?rill1 b x is :olesome &   
life-communicat+4  ,con/able 0 a prosaic
 man ( g5ius4  ,once he said t pa9t+ is 
ano!r ^w = feel+1 b he also made t mo/  
*>act]i/ic retort to ,blake1 :o1 :5     
look+ ?r\gh "o ( ,con/able's            
sket*-books1 exclaim$ on see+ a draw+ ( 
fir-trees on ,hamp/ead ,hea?--,:y1 ?is  
is n draw+1 b inspiration4  ,to :i*     
,con/able quietly repli$--,i meant x =  
draw+4  ,con/able nev] desir$ to ?rill2 
8 ambition 0 m]ely to be a natural      
pa9t]1 & he w\ld probably n h be5 9 !   
lea/ di/ress$ at ! episode relat$ by ,mr
 ,/urge ,h5d]son 9 8 biography4  ,an    
elegant & attractive ,am]ican woman aft]
 exam9+ ,! ,glebe ,f>m 9 ! ,national    
,gall]y1 rem>k$ to h] son1 a typical    
und]graduate3 ,does ?is ?rill y8  ,n !  
lea/ 9 ! _w1 repli$ ! son1 & !y pass$   
on4  ,no d\bt ^! cultur$ mod]ns desir$ 9
 a pa9t+ ! beauty t\*$ ) /rang5ess1 t   
,botticelli & ,pi]o della ,francesca    
(f]3 !re is no place 9 su* ae/hetic     

lives = ! famili>ity t\*$ ) hone/y (    
,john ,con/able4  ,to-day 8             
innovations--8 attempts to repres5t !   
vibration ( light1 8 spots & spla%es (  
col\r to c\nt]feit ! sun glitt]1 8 t\*es
 & scrap+s laid on ) ! palette knife to 
obta9 =ce & brightness--h become a      
commonplace4  ,con/able1 be+ a pione]1 0
 accu/om$ to misund]/&+ & also to       
bad9age4  ,8 breezy & %[]y effects1 bl[+
 w9d1 ru/l+ grasses1 wav+ trees1 & wet  
ra91 7 occasionally ! subjects ( bant] f
 8 fell[ ,academicians & o!rs4  ,fuseli1
 ,pr(essor ( ,pa9t+1 a bad arti/1 b a   
good jok]1 0 once se5 to op5 8 umbrella 
z he ent]$ ! ,exhibition4  ,:at are y   
do+ ) y\r umbrella up8 ask$ a fri5d4    
,oh1 repli$ ,fuseli1 ,i am go+ to look  
at ,mr ,con/able's pictures6  ,t 0      
really a great complim5t1 & ,i may cap !
 /ory by quot+ ! brief1 bald1 criticism 
( ,sir ,william ,bee*y on ,con/able's   
,salisbury f ! ,mead[s4  ,:y1 d--n x1   
,con/able1 :at a d----d f9e picture y   
are mak+2 b y look d----d ill1 & y h got

 a d----d bad cold4  ,no4  ,con/able ( !
 unpicturesque localities does n ?rill1 
& 8 pictures evoke a m$itative r ?an an 
ec/atic mood4  ,9 8 l>ge works "o nev]  
f9ds ! haunt+ *>m ( a f9e ,corot1 !     
maje/y ( a ,r\sseau1 or ! cl>ity ( light
 & col\r ( a ,h>pigny4  ,he did n1      
except 9 r>e cases1 select f ! abundance
 ( ,nature2 he 0 cont5t ) facts z he saw
 !m1 & he lab\r$ at 8 surfaces until    
sometimes "o c h>dly dis5tangle !       
incid5ts = ! pa9t 9 :i* !y are envelop$4
  ,! ,leap+ ,horse1 9 ! ,diploma        
,gall]y1 is a magnific5t p]=mance 9     
picture-mak+ b x is heavy--heavy z a    
mid-day ,engli% ,sunday d9n]4  ,x has   
=ce1 /r5g?1 k1 vig\r1 b little beauty1  
except p]haps 9 ! sweep ( sky2 & c]ta9ly
 no /rang5ess4  ,! signs ( lab\r are    
writt5 all ov] x2 y feel t he has       
c>efully & consci5ti\sly compos$ ?is    
picture = an exhibition1 & t 9 ! long   
lab\r he has lo/ ! e>ly impulse &       
fre%ness ( ! p5see m]e4  ,to see h[ mu* 
he lo/ y h only to /udy ! l>ge sket* =  

,! ,leap+ ,horse1 9 ! ,victoria & ,alb]t
 ,museum1 f9]1 bold]1 mu* m in/9ct )    
life & inspiration ?an ! f9i%$          
production4 ,:i* br+s me to ! two great 
divisions ( ,con/able's life-"w--!      
sket*es1 :i* we are told he did n reg>d 
z s]i\s1 & ! f9i%$ pictures4  ,8 sket*es
 are innum]able1 & all1 or at any rate !
 great majority ( !m possess ! impulse1 
! lyrical note1 s (t5 lack+ 9 8 l>g]    
canvases4  ,( c\rse1 ?is criticism      
applies to all pa9t]s4  ,! sket* is made
 = love1 ! picture = an ,exhibition4    
,:at c\ld be m lum9\sly spaci\s1        
unworri$ & unfett]$ by ! conv5tion (    
picture-mak+ ?an 8 small oil-sket* (    
,h>wi*3 ,sea & ,ligh?\se1 9 ! ,tate     
,gall]y1 ( :i* !re is a p5cil sket* at  
,s\? ,k5s+ton1 dat$ #ahae4  ,"h is !    
fir/ impression caught & transf]r$ to   
canvas :ile ! blood 0 /ill hot1 ! pulse 
quick1 & ! eyes eag] to record ?is sc5e 
( desolate beauty1 va/ sky1 rippl+      
ocean1 b>e =e%ore1 lonely ligh?\se1 & "o
 figure 9 ! =egr\nd1 ) notes ( almo/    

indi/+ui%able figures beyond ! ligh?\se1
 & a few remote sails ^u ! sea4  ,x has 
n ! le>n+ ( ,! ,hay ,wa9 or ,! ,leap+   
,horse1 & ! /eady flame ( ,con/able's   
fame w\ld probably long ago h be5       
ext+ui%$ _h x dep5d$ = exi/5ce entirely 
^u 8 sket*es2 b1 speak+ = myself1 x is  
to 8 sket*es t ,i g = joy4  ,v]ily ?is  
/ud5t ( ,nature1 :o dislik$ autumn &    
lov$ spr+2 :o pa9t$ summ]1 its breezes1 
its heat1 its heavy col\r+1 its gu/s (  
w9ds1 its sudd5 /orms2 v]ily he lives 9 
our he>ts :]ev] our eyes meet 8 sket*es4
 ,!y induce1 !y compel "o to l+] 9 su*  
places z ! d>k /aircase ( ! ,diploma    
,gall]y1 9 ,burl+ton ,h\se1 ! walls (   
:i* s+ out ) two gr\ps ( 8 sket*es1     
significant mom5ts se5 9 ,nature4  ,t   
bea* & sea2 ! ra9-/orm /ream+ d[n !     
canvas2 ^? float+ cl\ds1 only ! cl\ds & 
! sky visible2 t boat ) ! r$ sail lab\r+
 9 ! heavy wat]--!y are ess5tial        
,con/able4  ,& :at an object lesson 9 ! 
mak+ ( a l&scape pa9t] is provid$ by !  
hall ( draw+s1 pictures1 & sket*es at ! 

,victoria & ,alb]t ,museum4  ,!y are a  
/&+ refutation ( ,rusk9's words--,i h   
nev] se5 any "w ( 8 9 :i* !re 7 signs ( 
8 be+ able to draw1 & h5ce ! mo/        
necess>y details are pa9t$ by him       
insuffici5tly4  ,con/able 0 n an inspir$
 draughtsman2 b t he work$ h>d at draw+1
 & t he a*iev$ consid]able ma/]y ) 8    
p5cil is abundantly te/ifi$ by ! _m     
examples at ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 notably1 ,!  
,/udy ( ,trees at ,hamp/ead1 ! ,w9dsor  
,ca/le f ! ,riv]1 ! ,c>t & ,horses1 &   
above all ! magnific5t & m9ute ,/em ( an
 ,elm ,tree1 none ( :i*1 z has already  
be5 not$1 ,rusk9 _h ev] se54 ,^! are all
 int]e/+1 almo/ meticul\sly consci5ti\s1
 b = ,john ,con/able 9 m d>+ mood1 c>ri$
 away by ! riot ( ! sc5e1 we mu/ turn to
 su* sket*es z ! *aotic cl\d =ms (      
,weym\? ,bay1 & ! spla%y1 opul5t spl5d\r
 ( ! oil sket* call$ ,view on ! ,/\r4   
,or to ! sket*es t em]ge1 mode/ly b     
clamantly1 f ! l>ge works on ! wall     
devot$ to 8 a*ievem5t at ! ,national    
,gall]y1 :i* conta9s no few] ?an        

tw5ty-two examples by ,con/able4  ,"o ( 
!m1 ,a ,c\ntry ,lane1 illu/rat$ 9 ^!    
pages1 s]v$ z a motive = 8 picture ( ,! 
,cornfield4  ,! sobriety & some:at heavy
 h&l+ ( ?is oil sket* places x 9 a      
category betwe5 ! c>eful con/ruction ( !
 ,exhibition pictures1 & ! impetuosity (
 mo/ ( ! sket*es4  ,b ! atmosph]ic      
,salisbury t hangs bel[1 to ! left ( ,a 
,c\ntry ,lane1 :i* is a prelim9>y /udy  
)\t ! ra9b[ = ! picture ( ,salisbury f !
 ,mead[s1 has all ! quick1 almo/ fev]i% 
in=mality ( 8 be/ sket*es4  ,x is l>g]  
?an ! sket*es1 b %[s no anxiety4  ,! h& 
foll[+ ! eye /opp$ :5 ! vision ( ! eye 0
 record$1 :5 all ! hurry ( ! wet glitt] 
( ! sc5e _h be5 /at$ 9 brok5 pigm5t4  ,z
 a contra/1 exam9e ,a ,cornfield )      
,figures1 a tranquilly beautiful        
sugge/ion ( late summ]--fifte5 & a half 
in*es by n9e & a half--?9ly pa9t$       
ra9-cl\ds float+ pa/1 ! heat haze hov]+ 
9 ! field ( corn p>tly reap$ & /ock$4   
,! vivid1 ,summ] ,aft]noon aft] a ,%[]1 
hang+ ne> by has an int]e/ ap>t f its   

spontaneity & vig\r4  ,x is precisely   
:at x looks1 ! recollection ( a summ]   
%[]1 not$ 9 an ec/atic mom5t1 & record$ 
at a sitt+4  ,! /ory is told by         
,leslie--h[ ,con/able 0 travell+ by coa*
 ei!r to or f ,brighton2 h[ at ,r$hill  
he saw ?is effect2 h[ he treasur$ !     
memory ( x until ! coa* rea*$ its       
de/9ation1 & h[ imm$iately on alight+1  
he made ?is sket* ( "o wild mom5t snat*$
 f ,nature4    ,,plate                  
,,vii4--,,salisbury ,,ca!dral ,,f ,,!   
,,bi%op',s ,,g>d54  ,victoria & ,alb]t  
,museum4  ,9 ! int]val betwe5 ! pa9t+ ( 
,! ,hay ,wa9 7#ahba7 & its exhibition 9 
,p>is 7#ahbd71 ,con/able produc$        
,salisbury ,ca!dral f ! ,bi%op's ,g>d51 
:]e9 he attempt$ to repres5t ! glitt] ( 
sunlight by spots ( pure pigm5t1 :i* 8  
fri5ds call$ ,con/able's sn[4           
,illu/ration3 ,,plate                   
,,vii4--,,salisbury ,,ca!dral ,,f ,,!   
,,bi%op',s ,,g>d54    ,x 0 ?is con/ant  
/udy ( ,nature t di/+ui%$ ,con/able f ^?
 ( 8 academic pr$ecessors &             

contempor>ies :o /udi$ only ! works (   
o!r pa9t]s4  ,x 0 9 ?is solit>y         
communion ) ,nature t ,con/able %[$ !   
orig9ality ( 8 g5ius4  ,h[ ?or\gh he 04 
,he 0 n cont5t to note only :at 8 eyes  
saw1 b he also obs]v$ & record$ ! "t (  
day & ! direction ( ! w9d4  ,tw5ty (    
,con/able's /udies ( skies made dur+ ?is
 season 7#ahbb7 are 9 my possession1    
says ,leslie1 & !re is b "o among !m 9  
:i* a ve/ige ( l&scape is introduc$4    
,!y are pa9t$ 9 oil1 on l>ge %eets (    
?ick pap]1 & all dat$1 ) ! "t ( day1 !  
direction ( ! w9d1 & o!r memor&a on _!  
backs4  ,on "o1 = in/ance1 is writt53   
',fif? ( ,septemb] #ahbb4  ,t5 o'clock  
morn+1 look+ s\?-ea/1 brisk w9d at we/4 
,v bright & fre%1 grey cl\ds runn+ fa/  
ov] a yell[ b$1 ab\t half-way 9 ! sky4' 
,t is ! real ,con/able speak+1 !        
,con/able :o _h f\nd himself4  ,b we are
 nev] :olly emancipat$ f tradition1 &   
kn[+ ! difficulties ( 8 craft he reta9$ 
8 admiration = ! great ones among 8     
pr$ecessors4  ,9 #ahbd1 he wrote3 ,i    

look$ into ,ang]/e9's ! o!r day2 h[     
p>am\nt is ,claude444  ,maybe4  ,b      
,claude _h to be left alone4  ,con/able 
knew t 9 8 he>t1 &1 z he advanc$ 9      
wisdom1 art at second-h& held him less &
 less1 & art at fir/ h&1 :i* is ,nature1
 m & m4  ,he le>nt to rely ^u 8 eyes & !
 cunn+ ( 8 h&4  ,& :5 he ?ank$ ,heav5 he
 _h no imag9ation1 !re 0 m 9 t utt]ance 
?an appe>s on ! surface4     ,,*apt] ,v 
,,8 ,,pictures  ,9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 dat$  
#agii1 ,con/able ref]s to a sweet little
 picture by ,jacob ,ruysdael ,i am      
copy+4  ,he 0 !n tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( age1 
a devot$ admir] & /ud5t ( 8 pr$ecessors 
9 l&scape1 & able1 /range z x may seem  
to u1 to call a ,ruysdael sweet4  ,9 !  
/yle ( ! old ma/]s he cont9u$ work+     
until he 0 ne>ly =ty1 le>n+ f !m h[ to  
con/ruct a picture1 & acquir+ execution 
z he express$ x4  ,a me?odical man 0    
,john ,con/able1 a build] :o sp>$ no    
tr\ble to make 8 f\ndations s\nd2 b dur+
 ^? ye>s ( spade "w 9 8 volunt>y        
appr5tice%ip1 he nev] disreg>d$ 8       

det]m9ation to become a natural pa9t]4  
,x 0 8 cu/om to /udy & copy ! old ma/]s 
dur+ 8 soj\rn 9 ,london1 b to pa9t 9 8  
own orig9al way1 directly f ,nature & 9 
! op5 air1 :5 9 ! c\ntry4  ,an e>ly     
result ( be+ himself dur+ holiday "t 0 !
 ,d$ham ,vale oil sket* ( #ahjb1 n[ at  
,s\? ,k5s+ton1 a c>eful1 reposeful      
picture ) trees ris+ =mally at ! "r1 & !
 *ur* t[] visible j beyond ! w9d+ riv]4 
,he utilis$ ?is sket* = ! l>ge picture  
exhibit$1 "u ! same title1 9 #ahbh4  ,! 
influ5ce ( o!r pa9t]s su* z ! ,dut*     
l&scape m51 ,ga9sbor\gh & ,girt91 may be
 trac$ 9 _m ( 8 pictures produc$ 9 !    
op5+ ye>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury :5 he 0    
acquir+ ! execution on :i* he bas$ 8    
orig9ality4  ,he also pa9t$ portraits2  
inde$ at "o "t he propos$ to live by    
portrait pa9t+4  ,dur+ #ahjg & ! next   
few ye>s he produc$ sev]al1 notably ,mr 
,*>les ,lloyd ( ,birm+ham & 8 wife1 :i* 
,mr ,c4 ,j4 ,holmes describes z         
amateuri% & unc]ta9 9 draw+ & execution4
  ,b !re 0 no?+ amateuri% or unc]ta9    

ab\t ! ,portrait ( a ,boy1 :i* ,i h     
lately se51 a ruddy c\ntry boy1 clad 9  
pretty t[n-l clo!s1 an hone/1 direct1   
ri* piece ( "w1 )\t a h9t ( affectation1
 j ! vision ( ! eye set d[n             
/raight=w>dly4  ,& ! foxgloves t /& gr[+
 by ! boy's "r h& are pa9t$ z hone/ly z 
! /rip$ pantaloons t ?is op5-air boy    
we>s4  ,j ! k9d ( portrait t ,john      
,con/able w\ld h pa9t$4  ,he also       
produc$ two alt>pieces--9 #ahjd1 a ,*ri/
 ,bless+ ,little ,*ildr5 at ,bran?am    
,*ur*1 ,suffolk2 & 9 #ahji1 a ,*ri/     
,bless+ ! ,elem5ts at ,nayl& ,*ur*4     
,eight ye>s lat]1 9 #ahag1 he pa9t$     
,flat=d ,mill on ! ,/\r1 ,no4 #abgc 9 ! 
,national ,gall]y1 :i* =ms "o ( our     
illu/rations4 ,con/able 0 !n =ty-"o1 a  
some:at mature age = a man to produce   
:at may fairly be call$ 8 fir/ important
 picture4  ,b all 8 pa/ life _h be5 a   
prep>ation = ?is photographic1 pleasant 
transcript ( ,engli% sc5]y4  ,no?+ is   
left to ! imag9ation1 ev]y?+ is /at$1 e 
in* ( canvas is pa9t$ ) equal =ce1 yet  

:at an advance x is ^u mo/ ( ! classical
 l&scapes !n 9 vogue4  ,x is a picture (
 ,engl&1 ripe1 lu%1 c>efully compos$1   
c>efully execut$1 b fre% z are ! mead[s 
on ! banks ( ! ,/\r2 & ! sky across :i* 
! l>ge cl\ds are drift+ is sunny4 ,?is  
picture 0 b\ght 9 at ! ,con/able sale1  
held ! ye> aft] 8 dea?1 9 #ahch1 = ! v  
mode/ sum ( ?irty-?ree gu9eas4  ,! ,:ite
 ,horse1 call$ also ,a ,sc5e on ! ,riv] 
,/\r1 exhibit$ at ! ,royal ,academy 9   
#ahai1 :i* is n[ 9 ! possession ( ,mr   
,pi]pont ,morgan1 0 "o ( ,con/able's    
e>ly successes4  ,x attract$ m att5tion 
?an any?+ he _h be=e exhibit$1 & 0 b\ght
 = "o hundr$ gu9eas1 exclusive ( !      
frame1 by ,ar*deacon ,fi%]1 :o wrote on 
#bg? ,april3--',! ,:ite ,horse' has     
arriv$2 x is hung on a level ) ! eye1 ! 
frame re/+ on ! ogee m\ld+ 9 a we/]n    
side light1 "r = ! light 9 ! picture4   
,x looks magnific5tly4  ,! ,:ite ,horse 
realis$ "o hundr$ & fifty gu9eas at !   
,con/able sale1 & 9 #ahid1 fifty-six    
ye>s lat]1 0 b\ght by ,messrs ,agnew =  

six ?\s& two hundr$ gu9eas4  ,) ,! ,:ite
 ,horse ,con/able also s5t to ! ,briti% 
,gall]y a picture call$ ,! ,mill1 :i* is
 suppos$ to be id5tical ) ! ,d$ham      
,mill1 ,essex1 at ! ,victoria & ,alb]t  
,museum4  #ahai 0 a successful ye> =    
,con/able1 a gold5 ye>4  ,he 0 summon$  
to ,b]gholt to receive ! f\r ?\s& p\nds 
he _h inh]it$ f 8 fa!r2 9 ?is ye> ,mrs  
,con/able also inh]it$ f\r ?\s& p\nds2 &
 he 0 elect$ an ,associate ( ! ,royal   
,academy4  ,x 0 9 ?is ye> :ile at       
,b]gholt t he wrote to 8 wife f a       
grateful & ov]fl[+ he>t a lett] ( :i* ! 
foll[+ is an extract3--,ev]y?+ seems    
full ( blossom ( "s k9d1 & at e /ep ,i  
take1 & on :atev] subject ,i turn my    
eyes1 t sublime expression ( !          
,scriptures1 ',i am ! resurrection & !  
life1' seems z if utt]$ ne> me4  ,!re   
spoke ! true l&scape pa9t]1 ! man ( deep
 feel+1 consci\s t 9 8 pa9t+ he 0       
int]pret+ ,god's h&iwork1 & express+ 9 8
 *os5 m$ium ! miracle ( gr[?1 ! et]nal  
movem5t ( ,nature f bir? to re-bir?4    

,:5 /&+ 9 t hall at ! ,victoria & ,alb]t
 ,museum devot$ to 8 a*ievem5t--gr[?1   
gr[?1 gr[?--f p5cil sket* to complet$   
picture1 !re are mom5ts :5 ^? words ( 8 
seem utt]$ ne> to u4  ,d$ham ,mill may  
look to our spoilt mod]n eyes a little  
tame1 b deta* y\rself f ! pres5t1 drift 
into h>mony ) ! picture1 & y may p]haps 
invoke ! _s ( ! dead man :o saw temp]ate
 beauty 9 ?is sc5e ( 8 boyhood1 & :o    
tri$ to /ate 8 love & gratitude         
labori\sly ) pa9t & bru%es--poor tools  
to express ! liv+ light & life (        
,nature4  ,two ye>s lat]1 9 #ahba1 at ! 
age ( =ty-five1 he pa9t$ ,! ,hay ,wa91  
to :i* ,i h ref]r$ at l5g? 9 ! op5+     
*apt]4 ,p]haps "s day :5 !              
re-organisation ( ! ,national           
,collections is complete1 x w be f\nd   
possible to hang ! brilliant full-siz$  
sket* ( ,! ,hay ,wa9 n[ at ,s\? ,k5s+ton
 alongside ! f9i%$ picture 9 ! ,national
 ,gall]y4  ,9 ! r\gh magnific5t sket* y 
w obs]ve t he _h already begun to use ! 
palette-knife freely 9 putt+ on ! col\r1

 a practice to :i* he became m & m      
addict$4    ,,plate                     
,,viii4--,,salisbury4  ,national        
,gall]y4  ,a prelim9>y /udy1 )\t !      
ra9b[1 = ! l>ge picture ( ,salisbury f !
 ,mead[s1 exhibit$ at ! ,royal ,academy 
9 #ahca4 ,x is l>g] ?an 8 usual sket*es1
 b %[s no anxiety4  ,! h& foll[+ ! eye  
/opp$ :5 ! vision ( ! eye 0 record$1 :5 
all ! hurry ( ! wet glitt] ( ! sc5e _h  
be5 /at$ 9 brok5 pigm5t4  ,illu/ration3 
,,plate ,,viii4--,,salisbury4    ,! ,hay
 ,wa9 e/abli%$ 8 fame2 b ,con/able 0 n !
 man to sit d[n "u success & repeat 8   
triumphs 9 "o p>ticul> me?od4  ,9 !     
int]val betwe5 ! pa9t+ ( ,! ,hay ,wa9 & 
its exhibition 9 ,p>is1 he produc$      
,salisbury f ! ,bi%op's ,g>d51 n[ 9 !   
,s\? ,k5s+ton collection1 :]e9 he       
attempt$ to repres5t ! glitt] ( sunlight
 by spots ( pure pigm5t :i* 8 fri5ds    
call$ ,con/able's sn[4  ,to u1 accu/om$ 
to mod]n pictures ( sunlight1 ! spots & 
scumbles ( pure pigm5t 9 ,salisbury     
,ca!dral f ! ,bi%op's ,g>d5 are h>dly   

noticeable1 b 9 #ahbc !y 7 an           
innovation1 al?\gh n altoge!r a new     
discov]y4  ,p9turic*io1 9 8 frescoes 9 !
 libr>y ( ,si5a ,ca!dral1 exp]im5t$ 9   
po9tillism1 & y may trace x1 too1 9 "s (
 ! pictures by ,v]me] ( ,delft4         
,salisbury f ! ,bi%op's ,g>d5 gave      
,con/able consid]able tr\ble4  ,he 0 ill
 & 8 *ildr5 7 ill4  ,:at ) anxiety1     
wat*+1 nurs+1 & my own indisposition1 ,i
 h n see ! face ( my easel s9ce         
,*ri/mas1 & x is n ! lea/ ( my tr\bles t
 ! good ,bi%op's picture is n yet fit to
 be se54  ,lat] he describes ,salisbury 
f ! ,bi%op's ,g>d5 z ! mo/ difficult    
subject 9 l&scape ,i ev] _h ^u my easel1
 add+ t x looks uncommonly well1 & t ,i 
h n fl9*$ at ! w9d[s1 buttresses1 etc41 
b ,i h /ill kept to my gr& organ col\r1 
& h1 z usual1 made my escape 9 !        
evanesc5ce ( ! ,*i>oscuro4  ,! ,lock1   
ano!r ( 8 well-kn[n pictures1 0 pur*as$ 
f ! ,royal ,academy ,exhibition ( #ahbd 
by ,mr ,morrison = "o hundr$ & fifty    
gu9eas1 includ+ ! frame4  ,! sup]b oil  

sket* = ,! ,lock 0 sold at ,*ri/ie's 9  
#aija = n9ete5 hundr$ gu9eas4  ,x is an 
upright picture ( sun%9e & gu/y w9d1 &  
repres5ts a lock-keep] op5+ ! gates = ! 
passage ( a boat4  ,my ',lock' wrote    
,con/able to ,fi%]1 is lik$ at !        
,academy1 & inde$ x =ms a decid$        
feature1 & its light _c be put out1     
because x is ! light ( ,nature1 ! "m (  
all t is valuable 9 poetry1 pa9t+1 or   
any?+ else :]e an appeal to ! s\l is    
requir$4444 ,b my execution annoys mo/ (
 !m1 & all ! s*ola/ic ones4 ,p]haps !   
sacrifices ,i make = lightness &        
brightness are too great1 b ^! ?+s are !
 ess5ce ( l&scape1 & my extreme is bett]
 ?an :ite-lead & oil1 & dado pa9t+4     
,probably no o!r l&scape pa9t] has      
express$ ! int5tion ( 8 art z cle>ly 9  
writ+ z ) 8 bru%es4  ,light6  ,! light (
 ,nature6  ,! "m ( all t is valuable 9  
pa9t+6  ,t 0 ,con/able's secret--! k (  
light1 a secret t 0 hidd5 f ! eyes (    
wor?y ,sir ,george ,beaumont4  ,! ,leap+
 ,horse ( #ahbe1 to :i* ref]5ce has     

already be5 made1 call$ by "s 8 gr&e/   
pa9t+1 reposes 9 ! ,diploma ,gall]y at  
,burl+ton ,h\se4  ,sev]al *anges 7 made 
9 ! picture aft] its exhibition at !    
,royal ,academy1 :i* ! curi\s c v]ify by
 a /udy ( ! full-siz$ sket* at ,s\?     
,k5s+ton4  ,f ?is ye> onw>d ! movem5t ( 
,nature & ! brilliancy ( objects 9      
sunlight intrigu$ him m & m1 al?\gh 8   
passion = light nev] rea*$ ! :ite-hot   
f]v\r ( ,turn] 9 8 latt] ye>s4  ,=      
,turn] ! sunrise1 a _w almo/ too        
beautiful & evanesc5t to be real2 =     
,con/able ! noonday gl[1 ! /ill heat    
haze1 se5 betwe5 cool1 d>k trees1 hov]+ 
ov] a field ( ripe corn1 z 9 ,!         
,cornfield1 pa9t$ :5 he 0 fifty--a      
typical ,con/able4  ,con/able 0 pleas$ )
 ,! ,cornfield4  ,writ+ ( x to ,fi%] he 
said3 ,x is n neglect$ 9 any "p2 ! trees
 are m ?an usually /udi$1 well def9$ z  
well z ! /ems2 !y are %ak5 by a pleasant
 & heal?ful breeze at noon              
',:ile n[ a fre%] gale   ,sweep+ ) %ad[y
 gu/s ! fields ( corn4444'   ,?is       

picture1 p]haps ! be/ kn[n & mo/ popul> 
( 8 works1 0 pres5t$ to ! ,national     
,gall]y 9 #ahcg1 by an association (    
g5tlem51 :o pur*as$ x ( ! pa9t]'s       
executors4  ,"s ( !m wi%$ to sub/itute =
 ?is gift ! f9e ,salisbury ,ca!dral f ! 
,mead[s ) ! ra9b[1 ( :i* ! ,salisbury1  
,no4 #ahad1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 is a 
/udy1 b ! boldness ( its execution we   
are told /ood 9 its way1 & ! ,cornfield 
0 pur*as$ in/ead4  ,! association (     
g5tlem5 ne$ n h be5 appreh5sive t !     
boldness ( ! execution ( ,salisbury f ! 
,mead[s w\ld h fright5$ succe$+         
g5]ations4  ,! ,muni* ,secessioni/s w\ld
 call x commonplace1 & ! mo/ old-fa%ion$
 memb] ( ! select+ committee ( a curr5t 
,royal ,academy ,exhibition w\ld see 9 x
 only a f9e picture1 =cibly pa9t$ b too 
insi/5t on detail4 ,! l&scape po9t (    
view has *ang$ s9ce #ahcg4  ,!          
magnific5t ,op5+ ( ,wat]loo ,bridge :i*1
 to ^? :o _h n se5 x 9 ,sir ,*>les      
,t5nant's collection1 came z a          
revelation :5 %[n at ! ,old ,ma/]s'     

,exhibition1 gave ,con/able cont9u\s    
tr\ble & anxiety4  ,he 0 ye>s ov] x1 &  
he indulg$ 9 ! vag>ies ( ! palette-knife
 to an excess4  ,x 0 n und]/ood3 x 0 n  
lik$4  ,v unf9i%$1 sir1 0 ! comm5t ( 8  
fri5d1 ,?omas ,/o?>d1 ,r4,a42 &1 says   
,leslie1 ! picture 0 g5]ally pron\nc$ a 
failure4  ,?is brilliant pres5tation ( !
 ,k+ emb>k+ at ,:itehall /airs1 ! wat]  
danc+1 ! air flutt]+ ) gay bann]s & !   
sails ( bright & sumptu\s b>ges1 0 hung 
next to a grey sea-piece by ,turn]1 :o  
promptly plac$ a bright spot ( r$ lead 9
 ! =egr\nd ( 8 own grey picture4  ,!    
vivacity ( ,con/able's riv] fete lo/    
some?+ by t spot ( vivid r$4 ,turn] has 
be5 "h & fir$ a gun1 said ,con/able4  ,!
 fla% rema9$1 al?\gh 9 ! la/ mom5ts     
all[$ = pa9t+1 ,turn] glaz$ ! sc>let    
seal he _h put ^u 8 picture1 & %ap$ x   
into a buoy4  ,consid]able d\bt has be5 
?r[n on ,leslie's /atem5t t soon aft]   
,con/able's dea? ! picture 0 ton$ to !  
ari/ocratic ta/e ( ! p]iod by a coat (  
black+4  ,! picture be>s no trace ( a   

coat ( m\rn+4  ,9 ! some:at solemn &    
simple ,valley ,f>m1 pa9t$ 9 #ahce1 two 
ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 ,con/able return$ to !
 sc5es ( 8 boyhood1 to ,willy ,lett's   
h\se on ! bank ( ! ,/\r4  ,8 h& & eye h 
lo/ some?+ ( _! grip & fre%ness1 b 8    
purpose is z firm z ev]4  ,i h pres]v$  
,god ,almighty's daylight1 he wrote1 :i*
 is enjoy$ by all mank9d1 except+ only !
 lov]s ( old dirty canvas1 p]i%$        
pictures at a ?\s& gu9eas ea*1 c>t      
grease1 t>1 & snuff ( c&le4  ,! old     
,adam1 y p]ceive1 0 /ill /rong 9 him4   
,! ,c5otaph1 n[ 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 0
 exhibit$ 9 ! ,royal ,academy ( #ahcf--!
 subject be+ ! c5otaph erect$ by ,sir   
,george ,beaumont 9 memory ( ,sir ,jo%ua
 ,reynolds1 a tribute ( affection &     
respect4  ,x is some:at heavy 9         
treatm5t4  ,did ,con/able1 ,i wond]1    
realise t 8 "w 0 ne>ly done8  ,0 !      
un9spirit+ ,c5otaph 9 8 m9d :51 9 !     
autumn ( ?is ye>1 he wrote s g5]\sly    
ab\t ! pictures t 8 great contempor>y 0 
exhibit+3--,turn] has outdone himself2  

he seems to pa9t ) t9t$ /eam1 s         
evanesc5t & s airy4  ,con/able's la/ "w 
0 ,arundel ,mill & ,ca/le1 ^u :i* he 0  
engag$ on ! day ( 8 dea?1 #ca/ ,m>*     
#ahcg4  ,8 pictures are famili> to _m :o
 h n se5 all ! orig9als1 ?r\gh ,david   
,lucas's mezzot9ts4  ,! fir/ s]ies (    
tw5ty mezzot9ts 0 publi%$ 9 #ahcc "u !  
title1 ,v>i\s ,subjects ( ,l&scape1     
*>act]i/ic ( ,engli% ,sc5]y1 pr9cipally 
int5d$ to display ! ,ph5om5a ( !        
,*i>'oscuro ( ,nature4  ,con/able devot$
 mu* att5tion to ! ent]prise dur+ !     
rema9d] ( 8 life1 inspir$ to make x z   
f9e z possible by ! example ( ,claude's 
,lib] ,v]itatis & ,turn]'s ,lib]        
,/udiorum4  ,b its duration1 its exp5se1
 its hopelessness ( remun]ation oppress$
 him4  ,x h>asses my days & di/urbs my  
re/ at nights he wrote 9 #ahca4         
,con/able took ?+s h>dly1 v h>dly1 aft] 
8 wife's dea? 9 #ahbh4     ,,*apt] ,,vi 
,,8 ,,p]sonality ,,& ,,op9ions  ,!      
p]sonality ( ,con/able 0 n romantic4  ,9
 writ+ ( him "o has no moods ( wond]m5t 

or bafflem5t1 & ! p5 is n tempt$ to     
flights ( wond] or fancy4  ,! life (    
,turn] might inspire a poem2 b pla9     
prose is ! only vehicle = a consid]ation
 ( ! life ( ,con/able4  ,he 0 a sane1   
level-head$ man compact ( common-s5se & 
practicality1 a man ( "o great1         
embracive idea3 t hav+ /udi$ ! sci5ce ( 
picture-mak+ f ! e>li] ma/]s1 ! l&scape 
pa9t] mu/ le>n f ,nature & n f !        
d]ivative pictures ( 8 contempor>ies4   
,con/able pursu$ t c\rse ) !            
s+le-he>t$ness ( a man :o devotes 8 life
 to "s great comm]cial und]tak+4  ,inde$
 ! portraits ( ,con/able might repres5t 
a prosp]\s & cultur$ bank]1 especially  
^? ( 8 lat] ye>s1 7 x n = ! full1       
obs]vant eye t y feel surveys a wid]    
doma9 ?an ,lomb>d ,/reet4  ,religi\s 9 !
 true s5se1 dutiful1 humble be=e !      
my/]ies ( ?+s2 old-fa%ion$ 9 ! true     
s5se1 a lov] & a quot] ( good poetry & (
 ! ,bible1 he _h on occasion a %>p &    
%rewd tongue1 b ! /+ 0 salv$ by !       
absolute s9c]ity ( 8 int5tion4  ,leslie 

devotes consid]able space to a record ( 
,con/able's op9ions & say+s1 _m ( :i* h 
be5 quot$ 9 ^! pages4  ,( a c]ta9       
contempor>y he said--,m ov]-be>+        
meekness ,i nev] met ) 9 any "o man4  ,(
 8 own pictures he said--,!y w nev] be  
popul>1 = !y h no h&l+4  ,b ,i d n see  
any h&l+ 9 ,nature4  ,"h is a say+ ab\t 
8 art :i* sums up ! :ole t5d5cy ( 8     
life--,:atev] may be ?\ght ( my art1 x  
is my own2 & ,i w\ld r possess a        
freehold1 ?\gh b a cottage1 ?an live 9 a
 palace belong+ to ano!r4  ,& "h is 8   
comm5t on ! un9tellig5t connoisseur%ip (
 8 "t--,! old rubbi% ( art1 ! mu/y1     
commonplace1 wret*$ pictures :i* g5tlem5
 collect1 hang up1 & display to _!      
fri5ds1 may be comp>$ to ,%akespe>e's-- 
',begg>ly acc\nt ( empty boxes1         
,alligators /uff$1' etc4  ,nature is    
any?+ b ?is1 ei!r 9 poetry1 pa9t+1 or 9 
! fields4  ,! lectures on ,l&scape      
,pa9t+ t he deliv]$ at ! ,royal         
,in/itution 9 ,albem>le ,/reet1 at !    
,hamp/ead ,assembly ,rooms1 & at        

,worce/] 7 nev] writt51 al?\gh an       
ab/ract ( ! fir/ 0 f\nd among 8 pap]s4  
,he spoke f brief notes & made mu* use (
 a numb] ( copies & engrav+s affix$ to !
 walls4  ,! notes tak5 by ,leslie &     
embodi$ 9 8 ,life ( ,con/able are ! only
 record we h ap>t f ! ab/ract ( ! fir/  
lecture4  ,! belittl]s ( ,claude %\ld   
make a note ( ,con/able's idolatry =    
him3--,9 ,claude's l&scape all is       
lovely--all amiable--all is am5ity &    
repose2--! calm sun%9e ( ! he>t4  ,he   
c>ri$ l&scape1 inde$1 to p]fection1 t   
is1 human p]fection4  ,con/able select$ 
f\r works z m>k+ f\r memorable po9ts 9 !
 hi/ory ( l&scape--,titian's ,pet]      
,m>tyr1 ,p\ss9's ,deluge1 ,rub5s'       
,ra9b[1 & ,rembr&t's ,mill4  ,9 ! *oice 
( ! ,rub5s & ! ,rembr&t ev]ybody mu/    
concur4  ,z ,con/able nev] visit$ ,italy
 he c only h kn[n ! ,pet] ,m>tyr f      
engrav+s4  ,x 0 de/roy$ by fire 9 #ahfg1
 b a copy exi/s at ,s4 ,giovanni ,paolo 
9 ,v5ice4  ,con/able _h ! c\rage ( 8    
op9ions1 & ( all 8 op9ions ! mo/ a/oni%+

 is 8 /rong disapproval ( a national    
collection ( pictures4  ,9 #ahbb he     
wrote--%\ld !re be a ,national ,gall]y  
7:i* is talk$ (7 !re w be an end ( ! art
 9 poor old ,engl&1 & %e w become1 9 all
 t relates to pa9t+1 z mu* a non5tity z 
e o!r c\ntry t has "o4  ,! reason is    
pla92 ! manufactur]s ( pictures are !n  
made ! crit]ions ( p]fection1 in/ead (  
,nature4  ,z a lectur] ,con/able seems  
to h reli$ 9 a great measure on !       
inspiration ( ! mom5t4  ,leslie also    
records ! *>m ( a mo/ agreeable voice1  
al?\gh pit*$ some:at too l[1 & ! play ( 
8 v expressive c\nt5ance4  ,8 survey ( !
 hi/ory ( l&scape pa9t+ clos$ ) an      
eulogy ( ,wilson1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,coz5s1 &
 ,girt91 & ,i may close ) a brief       
passage1 ess5tial ,con/able1 f ! lecture
 deliv]$ at ,hamp/ead on #be? ,july     
#ahcf4  ,! l&scape pa9t] mu/ walk 9 !   
fields ) a humble m9d4  ,no arrogant man
 0 ev] p]mitt$ to see ,nature 9 all h]  
beauty4  ,if ,i may be all[$ to use a v 
solemn quotation1 ,i w\ld say mo/       

emphatically to ! /ud5t--',rememb] n[ ?y
 ,creator 9 ! days ( ?y y\?4'     ,!    
plates are pr9t$ by ,,bemrose  ,,sons1  
,,ltd41 ,d]by & ,london  ,! text at !   
,,ballantyne ,,press1 ,ed9burgh         
,,ma/]pieces ,,9 ,,col\r ,,s]ies        
,,arti/4                  ,,au?or4      
,,velazquez4               ,s4 ,l4      
,b5susan4   ,,reynolds4                 
,s4 ,l4 ,b5susan4   ,,turn]4            
,c4 ,lewis ,h9d4   ,,romney4            
,c4 ,lewis ,h9d4   ,,greuze4            
,alys ,eyre ,mackl94   ,,botticelli4    
,h5ry ,e4 ,b9ns4   ,,rossetti4          
,luci5 ,piss>ro4   ,,bell9i4            
,george ,hay4   ,,fra ,,angelico4       
,james ,mason4   ,,rembr&t4             
,josef ,israels4   ,,leighton4          
,a4 ,lys ,baldry4   ,,raphael4          
,paul ,g4 ,konody4   ,,holman ,,hunt4   
,m>y ,e4 ,col]idge4   ,,titian4         
,s4 ,l4 ,b5susan4   ,,millais4          
,a4 ,lys ,baldry4   ,,c>lo ,,dolci4     
,george ,hay4   ,,ga9sbor\gh4           
,max ,ro?s*ild4   ,,t9toretto4          

,s4 ,l4 ,b5susan4   ,,lu9i4             
,james ,mason4   ,,franz ,,hals4        
,edgcumbe ,/aley4   ,,van ,,dyck4       
,p]cy ,m4 ,turn]4   ,,leon>do ,,da      
,,v9ci4       ,m4 ,w4 ,brockwell4       
,,rub5s4                  ,s4 ,l4       
,b5susan4   ,,:i/l]4                ,t4 
,m>t9 ,wood4   ,,holbe94                
,s4 ,l4 ,b5susan4   ,,burne-,,jones4    
,a4 ,lys ,baldry4   ,,vigee ,,le ,,brun4
           ,c4 ,haldane ,macfall4       
,,*>d94                 ,paul ,g4       
,konody4   ,,fragon>d4               ,c4
 ,haldane ,macfall4   ,,meml9c4         
,w4 ,h4 ,j4  ,j4 ,c4 ,weale4            
,,con/able4               ,c4 ,lewis    
,h9d4   ,,raeburn4                      
,james ,l4 ,caw4   ,,john ,s4 ,,s>g5t4  
,t4 ,m>t9 ,wood4   ,,lawr5ce4           
,s4 ,l4 ,b5susan4   ,d,ue,r,e,r4        
,h4 ,e4 ,a4 ,fur/4   ,,millet4          
,p]cy ,m4 ,turn]4   ,,watteau4          
,c4 ,lewis ,h9d4   ,,hog>?4             
,c4 ,lewis ,h9d4   ,,murillo4           
,s4 ,l4 ,b5susan4   ,,watts4            

,w4 ,l(tus ,h>e4   ,,+res4              
,a4 ,j4 ,f9b]g4   ,o!rs 9 ,prep>ation4