,little ,w>s    7,a ,game = ,boys f     
twelve ye>s ( age to "o hundr$ & fifty &
  = t m intellig5t sort ( girl :o likes 
boys' games & books7    ,) an ,app5dix  
on ,kriegspiel      ,by    ,h4 ,g4      
,wells          ,,cont5ts       ,i4 ,,( 
,,! ,,leg5d>y ,,pa/    ,,ii4 ,,!        
,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,mod]n ,,little ,,w>f>e  
,,iii4 ,,! ,,rules--          ,! ,c\ntry
          ,! ,move          ,mobility ( 
! ,v>i\s ,arms          ,h&-to-,h&      
,fight+ & ,captur+          ,v>ieties ( 
! ,battle-,game          ,composition ( 
,=ces          ,size ( ! ,soldi]s       
,,iv4 ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,hook',s ,,f>m  
,v4 ,,ext5sions ,,& ,,amplifications ,,(
 ,,little ,,w>    ,,vi4 ,,end+ ,,) ,a   
,,sort ,,( ,,*all5ge    ,,app5dix--     
,,little ,,w>s ,,& ,,kriegspiel         
,i    ,,( ,,! ,,leg5d>y ,,pa/           
,,little ,,w>s is ! game ( k+s--= play]s
 9 an inf]ior social  position4 ,x c be 
play$ by boys ( e age f twelve to "o    
hundr$ & fifty--& ev5 lat] if ! limbs   
rema9 suffici5tly  supple--by girls ( ! 

bett] sort1 & by a few r>e & gift$ wom54
  ,?is is to be a full ,hi/ory ( ,little
 ,w>s f its record$ &  au!nticat$ beg9n+
 until ! pres5t "t1 an acc\nt ( h[ to   
make little w>f>e1 & h9ts ( ! mo/       
priceless sort = !  recumb5t            
/rategi/4444    ,b fir/ let x be not$ 9 
pass+ t !re 7 prehi/oric  ,little ,w>s4 
,?is is no new ?+1 no crude novelty2 b a
 ?+  te/$ by "t1 anci5t & ripe 9 its    
ess5tials = all its p]5nial  fre%ness--l
 spr+4 ,!re 0 a ,someone :o f\ght       
,little ,w>s 9  ! days ( ,que5 ,anne2 a 
g>d5 ,napoleon4 ,8 game 0 inaccurately  
obs]v$ & insuffici5tly record$ by       
,laur5ce ,/]ne4 ,x is cle>  t ,uncle    
,toby & ,corporal ,trim 7 play+ ,little 
,w>s on a scale  & ) an elaboration     
exce$+ ev5 ! ri*ness & beauty ( !       
contempor>y game4 ,b ! curta9 is drawn  
back only to tantalise u4  ,x is sc>cely
 conceivable t any:]e n[ on e>? ! ,%&ean
 ,rules  rema9 on record4 ,p]haps !y 7  
nev] committ$ to pap]4444    ,& 9 all   
ages a c]ta9 b>b>ic w>f>e has be5 wag$ )

 soldi]s  ( t9 & lead & wood1 ) !       
weapons ( ! wild1 ) !  catapult1 !      
ela/ic circul> g>t]1 ! pea%oot]1 ! rubb]
 ball1  & su*-l appliances--a m]e sett+ 
up & knock+ d[n ( m54  ,t9 murd]4 ,!    
advance ( civilisation has swept su*    
rude conte/s  altoge!r f ! playroom4 ,we
 "k !m no m4444          ,,ii    ,,!    
,,beg9n+s ,,( ,,mod]n ,,little ,,w>f>e  
,,! beg9n+ ( ! game ( ,little ,w>1 z we 
"k x1 became possible  ) ! inv5tion ( ! 
spr+ bree*load] gun4 ,?is priceless gift
  to boyhood appe>$ some:5 t[>ds ! end (
 ! la/ c5tury1 a gun  capable ( hitt+ a 
toy soldi] n9e times out ( t5 at a      
di/ance (  n9e y>ds4 ,x has completely  
sup]s$$ all ! spiral-spr+ & o!r  makes (
 gun hi!rto us$ 9 playroom w>f>e4 ,^!   
spr+  bree*load]s are made 9 v>i\s sizes
 & patt]ns1 b ! "o us$  9 our game is t 
kn[n 9 ,engl& z ! f\r-po9t-sev5 gun4 ,x 
fires a wood5 cyl9d] ab\t an in* long1 &
 has a screw adju/m5t  = elevation &    
depression4 ,x is an altoge!r elegant   
weapon4    ,x 0 ) "o ( ^! guns t !      

beg9n+ ( our w> game 0  made4 ,x 0 at   
,s&gate--9 ,engl&4    ,illu/ration3 ,%[+
 a c\ntry prep>$ = ! w> game            
,illu/ration3 ,%[+ c\ntries prep>$ = !  
w> game    ,! pres5t writ] _h be5 lun*+ 
) a fri5d--let me veil 8  id5tity "u !  
initials ,j4 ,k4 ,j4--9 a room litt]$ ) 
!  irrepressible debris ( a small boy's 
pleasures4 ,on a table ne> our own  /ood
 f\r or five soldi]s & "o ( ^! guns4 ,mr
 ,j4 ,k4 ,j41 8 m  urg5t ne$s satisfi$ &
 ! c(fee imm95t1 drew a *air to ?is     
little table1 sat d[n1 exam9$ ! gun     
discreetly1 load$ x w>ily1  aim$1 & hit 
8 man4 ,!reupon he boa/$ ( ! de$1 &     
issu$  *all5ges t 7 accept$ )           
avidity4444    ,he fir$ t day a %ot t   
/ill e*oes r\nd ! _w4 ,an  affair--let u
 p>allel ! ,cannonade ( ,valmy & call x 
! ,cannonade (  ,s&gate--occurr$1 a     
%oot+ betwe5 oppos$ ranks ( soldi]s1 a  
%oot+ n v diff]5t 9 _s--b h[ diff]5t 9  
results6--f  ! prehi/oric w>f>e (       
catapult & g>t]4 ,b suppose1 said  8    
antagoni/s2 suppose someh[ "o c\ld move 

! m56 &  !re) op5$ a new _w (           
bellig]5ce4    ,! matt] w5t no fur!r )  
,mr ,j4 ,k4 ,j4 ,! se$ lay = a "t  ga!r+
 /r5g?1 & !n began to g]m9ate ) ano!r   
fri5d1 ,mr  ,w4 ,to ,mr ,w4 0 broa*$ !  
idea3 ,i believe t if "o set up a few   
ob/acles on ! floor1 volumes ( ! ,briti%
 ,encyclop$ia & s  =?1 to make a        
,c\ntry1 & mov$ ^! soldi]s & guns ab\t1 
"o  c\ld h r a good game1 a k9d (       
kriegspiel4444    ,primitive attempts to
 realise ! dream 7 int]rupt$ by a great 
ru/le & *att]+ ( lady visitors4 ,!y     
reg>d$ ! objects ^u  ! floor ) ! empty  
disda9 ( _! sex = all imag9ative  ?+s4  
,b ! writ] _h 9 ^? days a v de> fri5d1 a
 man too ill =  long excursions or      
vigor\s sports 7he has be5 dead n[ ^!   
six  ye>s71 ( a v sweet companionable   
disposition1 a he>ty je/]  & full ( ! _s
 ( play4 ,to him ! idea 0 broa*$ m      
fruitfully4 ,we got two =ces ( toy      
soldi]s1 set out a lumpi%  ,encyclopa$ic
 l& ^u ! c>pet1 & began to play4 ,we    
arrang$ to  move 9 alt]nate moves3 fir/ 

"o mov$ all 8 =ce & !n !  o!r2 an       
infantry-man c\ld move "o foot at ea*   
move1 a cavalry-man  two1 a gun two1 & x
 might fire six %ots2 & if a man 0 mov$ 
up  to t\* ano!r man1 !n we toss$ up &  
decid$ :i* man 0 dead4  ,s we made a    
game1 :i* 0 n a good game1 b :i* 0 v    
amus+  once or twice4 ,! m5 7 pack$ "u !
 lee ( fat volumes1 :ile  ! guns1       
animat$ by a _s ( _! own1 bang$ away at 
any expos$  head1 or pr[l$ ab\t 9 se>* (
 a %ot4 ,occasionally m5 came into      
contact1 ) rem>kable results4 ,ra% is ! 
man :o tru/s 8 life  to ! sp9 ( a co94  
,"o impossible palad9 slew 9 succession 
n9e  m5 & turn$ defeat to victory1 to ! 
extreme exasp]ation ( !  /rategi/ :o _h 
l$ ^? victims to _! doom4 ,?is inord9ate
  factor ( *ance elim9at$ play2 !       
individual fre$om ( guns turn$  battles 
into sc&als ( cr\*+ concealm5t2 !re 0   
too mu*  cov] af=d$ by ! books & va/    
int]vals ( wait+ :ile !  play]s took    
aim4 ,& yet !re 0 some?+ ab\t x4444 ,x 0
 a  game cry+ al\d = improvem5t4        

,improvem5t came almo/ simultane\sly 9  
sev]al directions4 ,fir/  !re 0 !       
developm5t ( ! ,c\ntry4 ,! soldi]s did n
 /&  well on an ord9>y c>pet1 !         
,encyclop$ia made clumsy cliff-l  cov]1 
& m p>ticul>ly ! room 9 :i* ! game _h   
its  beg9n+s 0 subject to ! invasion (  
call]s1 ali5 s\ls1  trampl+             
skirt-swi%]s1 *att]]s1 creatures        
unfav\rably impress$  by ! spectacle (  
two middle-ag$ m5 play+ ) toy soldi]s on
  ! floor1 & v heat$ & excit$ ab\t x4   
,ov]head 0 ! day  nurs]y1 ) a wide ext5t
 ( smoo? cork c>pet 7! natural t]ra9  ( 
toy soldi]s71 a l>ge box ( bricks--su* z
 ,i h describ$ 9  ,floor ,games--& c]ta9
 l>ge in*-?ick bo>ds4    ,x 0 an easy   
task = ! head ( ! h\sehold to evict 8   
(fspr+1 annex ^! advantages1 & set ab\t 
plann+ a m  reali/ic c\ntry4 7,i =get   
:at became ( ! *ildr547 ,! ?ick  bo>ds 7
 pil$ up "o ^u ano!r to =m hills2 holes 
7 bor$  9 !m1 into :i* twigs ( v>i\s    
%rubs 7 /uck to repres5t  trees2 h\ses &
 %$s 7solid & compact piles ( f ?ree to 

six  or sev5 in*es high1 & broad 9      
proportion7 & walls 7 made )  ! bricks2 
ponds & swamps & riv]s1 ) =ds & s =?    
indicat$1 7 *alk$ out on ! floor1 g>d5  
/ones 7 br\ght 9  to repres5t great     
rocks1 & ! ,c\ntry at lea/ ( our p]fect$
  w> game 0 9 exi/5ce4 ,we discov]$ x 0 
easy to cut out & b5d  & gum toge!r pap]
 & c>dbo>d walls1 into :i* our toy      
bricks  c\ld be pack$1 & on :i* we c\ld 
pa9t doors & w9d[s1 creep]s  & ra9-wat] 
pipes1 & s =?1 to repres5t h\ses1       
ca/les1 &  *ur*es 9 a m reali/ic mann]1 
&1 gr[+ skilful1 we made  v>i\s bridges 
& s =? ( c>d4 ,e boy :o has ev] put     
toge!r model villages kn[s h[ to d ^!   
?+s1 & ! att5tive  read] w f9d !m       
edify+ly repres5t$ 9 our photographic   
illu/rations4    ,!re has be5 little    
developm5t s9ce t "t 9 ! ,c\ntry4 ,our  
illu/rations %[ ! me?ods ( arrangem5t1 &
 ! read] w see  h[ easily & readily !   
utmo/ v>iety ( battlefields c be made4  
7,x is m]ely to be rem>k$ t a too cr[d$ 
,c\ntry makes ! guns  ineffective &     

leads to a m]e tree to tree & h\se to   
h\se  scramble1 & t l>ge op5 spaces     
along ! middle1 or riv]s )\t  frequ5t   
=ds & bridges1 lead to ineffective      
cannonades1 because (  ! dang] ( any    
advance4 ,on ! :ole1 too mu* cov] is    
bett] ?an  too little47 ,we decid$ t "o 
play] %\ld plan & lay out !  ,c\ntry1 & 
! o!r play] *oose f :i* side he w\ld    
come4 ,&  to-day we play ov] su*        
l&scapes 9 a cork-c>pet$ s*oolroom1 f   
:i* ! prop] occupants are no long]      
evict$ b rema9 to take an  increas+ly   
responsible & less & less audible &     
di/ress+ %>e  9 ! op]ations4            
,illu/ration3 ,%[+ ! w> game 9 ! op5 air
    ,illu/ration3 ,! w> game 9 ! op5 air
    ,we f\nd x necess>y to make c]ta9   
g5]al rules4 ,h\ses & %$s  mu/ be made (
 solid lumps ( bricks1 & n holl[ s t    
soldi]s  c be put inside !m1 because    
o!rwise muddl$ situations arise4 ,&  x 0
 cle>ly necess>y to provide = !         
replacem5t ( di/urb$  objects by *alk+  
out ! outl9es ( bo>ds & h\ses ^u ! floor

  or bo>ds ^u :i* !y /ood4    ,& :ile we
 ?us p]fect$ ! ,c\ntry1 we 7 also       
elim9at+ all  sorts ( t$iums1 disputable
 possibilities1 & deadlocks f ! game4   
,we decid$ t e man %\ld be z brave &    
skilful z e o!r  man1 & t :5 two m5 (   
opposite sides came into contact !y     
w\ld inevitably kill ea* o!r4 ,?is      
re/or$ /rategy to its  pr$om9ance ov]   
*ance4    ,we !n began to humanise t    
wild & fe>ful f[l1 ! gun4 ,we  decid$ t 
a gun c\ld n be fir$ if !re 7 n         
six--aft]w>ds  we r$uc$ ! numb] to      
f\r--m5 )9 six in*es ( x4 ,& we rul$  t 
a gun c\ld n bo? fire & move 9 ! same   
g5]al move3 x  c\ld ei!r be fir$ or mov$
 7or left alone74 ,if !re 7 less ?an    
six m5 )9 six in*es ( a gun1 !n we tri$ 
lett+ x fire z  _m %ots z !re 7 m51 & we
 p]mitt$ a s+le man to move a  gun1 &   
move ) x z f> z he c\ld g by ! rules--a 
foot1 t  is1 if he 0 an infantry-man1 & 
two feet if he 0 a cavalry-man4 ,we     
aboli%$ altoge!r t magical fre$om ( an  
unassi/$ gun to move  two feet4 ,& on   

su* rules z ^! we f\ght a numb] (       
battles4 ,!y  7 int]e/+1 b n entirely   
satisfactory4 ,we took no prison]s--a   
feature at once b>b>ic & unconv9c+4 ,!  
battles l+]$ on a  long "t1 because we  
%ot ) extreme c>e & delib]ation1 & !y  7
 h>d to br+ to a decisive f9i%4 ,! guns 
7 altoge!r too  pr$om9ant4 ,!y prev5t$  
attacks gett+ home1 & !y made x         
possible = a timid play] to put all 8   
soldi]s out ( sight beh9d  hills &      
h\ses1 & bang away if 8 oppon5t %[$ z   
mu* z !  tip ( a bayonet4 ,monsieur     
,blo* seem$ v9dicat$1 & ,little ,w> _h  
become impossible4 ,& !re 0 some?+ a    
little absurd1 too1 9 !  spectacle ( a  
solit>y drumm]-boy1 = example1 m>*+ (f )
 a  gun4    ,b z !re 0 nev]!less mu* t  
seem$ to u extremely pretty  &          
picturesque ab\t ! game1 we set to "w--&
 "h a c]ta9 ,mr  ,m4 ) 8 bro!r1 ,capta9 
,m41 hot f ! ,great ,w> 9 ,s\? ,africa1 
came 9 mo/ helpfully--to quick5 x4      
,manife/ly ! guns _h to be  r$uc$ to    
manageable t]ms4 ,we cut d[n ! numb] (  

%ots p] move to  f\r1 & we requir$ t f\r
 m5 %\ld be )9 six in*es ( a gun  = x to
 be 9 action at all4 ,)\t f\r m5 x c\ld 
nei!r fire  nor move--x 0 out ( action2 
& if x mov$1 ! f\r m5 _h to g  ) x4     
,moreov]1 to put an end to t little     
resi/ant body ( m5  beh9d a h\se1 we    
requir$ t aft] a gun _h be5 fir$ x %\ld 
rema91 )\t alt]ation ( ! elevation1     
po9t+ 9 ! direction  ( its la/ %ot1 & h 
two m5 plac$ "o on ei!r side ( ! end  ( 
its trail4 ,?is secur$ a c]ta9 exposure 
on ! "p ( conceal$  & %elt]$ gunn]s4 ,x 
0 no long] possible to g on %oot+ out  (
 a p]fect security = ev]4 ,all ?is      
fav\r$ ! attack & l$ to  a liveli] game4
    ,our next /ep 0 to aboli% ! t$ium   
due to ! elaborate aim+ (  ! guns1 by   
fix+ a "t limit = e move4 ,we made ?is  
an outside  limit at fir/1 t5 m9utes1 b 
aft]w>ds we discov]$ t x made  ! game   
mu* m w>like to cut ! "t d[n to a l5g? t
 w\ld  b>ely p]mit a sl[-mov+ play] to  
fire all 8 guns & move all 8  m54 ,?is  
l$ to small bodies ( m5 lagg+ & gett+   

left1 to  c>eless exposures1 to rapid1  
less accurate %oot+1 & j t  ev5tfulness 
"o w\ld expect 9 ! hurry & passion (    
real fight+4  ,x also made ! game       
brisk]4 ,we h s9ce also made a limit1   
sometimes ( f\r m9utes1 sometimes ( five
 m9utes1 to ! int]val  = adju/m5t &     
delib]ation aft] "o move is f9i%$ & be=e
  ! next move beg9s4 ,?is fur!r removes 
! game f ! *ess  category1 &            
approximates x to ! lik5ess ( active    
s]vice4 ,mo/ (  a g5]al's decisions1    
once a fight has begun1 mu/ be made 9   
su*  brief int]vals ( "t4 7,b we leave  
unlimit$ "t at ! outset =  ! plann+47   
,z to our "t-keep+1 we cat* a visitor ) 
a /op-wat* if we c1  & if we _c1 we use 
a fair-siz$ clock ) a second-h&3 !      
play] n mov+ says ,g1 & w>ns at ! la/   
two m9utes1 la/  m9ute1 & la/ ?irty     
seconds4 ,b ,i ?9k x w\ld n be difficult
  to procure a *eap clock--because1 (   
c\rse1 no "o wants a v  accurate        
agreem5t ) ,gre5wi* z to ! l5g? ( a     
second--t  w\ld h m9utes in/ead ( h\rs &

 seconds in/ead ( m9utes1 &  t w\ld p+  
at ! end ( e m9ute & dis*>ge an al>m    
note  at ! end ( ! move4 ,t w\ld aboli% 
! r bor+ /ra9 (  "t-keep+4 ,"o c\ld j   
wat* ! fight+4    ,moreov]1 9 our desire
 to br+ ! game to a climax1 we decid$ t 
in/ead ( a fight to a f9i% we w\ld fight
 to "s det]m9$ po9t1  & we f\nd v good  
sport 9 suppos+ t ! arrival ( ?ree m5  (
 "o =ce ^u ! back l9e ( ! oppon5t's side
 ( ! c\ntry  0 ( su* /rategic importance
 z to det]m9e ! battle4 ,b ?is  =m (    
battle we h s9ce l>gely ab&on$ 9 fav\r (
 ! old  fight to a f9i% aga94 ,we f\nd x
 l$ to "o type ( battle only1  a mass$  
ru% at ! antagoni/'s l9e1 & t our       
arrangem5ts  ( "t-limits & capture & s  
=? _h elim9at$ mo/ ( !  conclud+ drag ^u
 ! game4    ,our game 0 n[ v mu* 9 its  
pres5t =m4 ,we consid]$ at v>i\s  times 
! possibility ( introduc+ "s            
complication due to !  br++ up (        
ammunition or supplies g5]ally1 & we    
decid$ t x  w\ld add little to ! int]e/ 
or reality ( ! game4 ,our battles are   

little brisk fights 9 :i* "o may suppose
 t all ! ammunition &  food ne$$ are    
c>ri$ by ! m5 !mselves4    ,b our late/ 
developm5t has be5 9 ! direction ( kill+
 h& to  h& or tak+ prison]s4 ,we f\nd x 
necess>y to di/+ui% betwe5  an isolat$  
=ce & a =ce t 0 m]ely a project+ "p ( a 
l>g] =ce4 ,we made a def9ition (        
isolation4 ,aft] a consid]able  am\nt ( 
trials we decid$ t a man or a deta*m5t  
%all be  consid]$ to be isolat$ :5 !re  
is less ?an half its numb] ( its  own   
side )9 a move ( x4 ,n[1 9 actual       
civilis$ w>f>e small  deta*$ bodies d n 
sell _! lives de>ly2 a consid]ably l>g] 
=ce is able to make !m prison]s )\t     
difficulty4 ,accord+ly we  decid$ t if a
 blue =ce1 = example1 has "o or m m5    
isolat$1  & a r$ =ce ( at lea/ d\ble !  
/r5g? ( ?is isolat$  deta*m5t moves up  
to contact ) x1 ! blue m5 w be consid]$ 
to be prison]s4    ,t seem$ fair2 b s   
desp]ate is ! c\rage & devotion ( lead  
soldi]s1 t x came to ?is1 t any small   
=ce t got or seem$  likely to get       

isolat$ & caught by a sup]ior =ce in/ead
 ( wait+  to be tak5 prison]s1 da%$ at  
its possible captors & slew !m  man =   
man4 ,x 0 manife/ly unreasonable to     
p]mit ?is4 ,& 9  consid]+ h[ be/ to     
prev5t su* inhuman h]oisms1 we 7 rem9d$ 
( ano!r frequ5t incid5t 9 our battles t 
also err$ t[>ds  ! incr$ible & vitiat$  
our /rategy4 ,t 0 ! *>g+ (  "o or two   
isolat$ horse-m5 at a gun 9 ord] to     
disable x4 ,let me  illu/rate ?is by an 
incid5t4 ,a =ce consi/+ ( t5 infantry & 
five cavalry ) a gun are retreat+ across
 an expos$ space1 & a  gun ) ?irty m51  
cavalry & infantry1 9 support comes out 
^u a  cre/ into a position to fire )9   
two feet ( ! retreat+ cavalry4  ,!      
attack+ play] puts eight m5 )9 six in*es
 ( 8 gun &  pu%es ! re/ ( 8 m5 a little 
=w>d to ! "r or left 9  pursuit ( 8     
enemy4 ,9 ! real ?+1 ! retreat+ horsem5 
w\ld  g (f to cov] ) ! gun1 hell =      
lea!r1 :ile ! infantry  w\ld op5 out &  
retreat1 fir+4 ,b see :at happ5$ 9 our  
imp]fect =m ( ,little ,w>6 ,! move ( !  

retreat+ play] began4  ,in/ead (        
retreat+ 8 :ole =ce1 he *>g$ home ) 8   
m\nt$  desp]adoes1 kill$ five ( ! eight 
m5 ab\t ! gun1 & s by !  rule sil5c$ x1 
enabl+ ! re/ ( 8 little body to get     
clean away  to cov] at ! leisurely pace 
( "o foot a move4 ,?is 0 n l  any sort (
 w>f>e4 ,9 real life cavalry _c pick out
 & kill its  equival5t 9 cavalry :ile t 
equival5t is closely support$ by o!r    
cavalry or infantry2 a h&ful ( troop]s  
_c gallop pa/ well &  abundantly mann$  
guns 9 action1 cut d[n ! gunn]s &       
int]rupt  ! fire4 ,& yet = a "t we f\nd 
x a little difficult to frame  simple   
rules to meet ^! two bad cases & prev5t 
su* sc&al\s  possibilities4 ,we did at  
la/ contrive to d s2 we inv5t$ :at we   
call  ! melee1 & our revis$ rules 9 !   
ev5t ( a melee w be f\nd  set out ^u a  
lat] page4 ,!y d really p]mit some?+ l  
an actual  result to h&-to-h& enc\nt]s4 
,!y aboli% ,horatius ,cocles4           
,illu/ration3 ,! w> game 9 ! op5 air    
,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a--;,battle (      

,hook's ,f>m4  ,g5]al ,view ( !         
,battlefield & ,r$ ,army    ,we also    
f\nd difficulties ab\t ! captur+ ( guns4
 ,at fir/ we _h  m]ely provid$ t a gun 0
 captur$ :5 x 0 out ( action &  f\r m5 (
 ! opposite =ce 7 )9 six in*es ( x1 b we
  f\nd a numb] ( cases = :i* ?is rule 0 
too vague4 ,a gun1 =  example1 w\ld be  
disabl$ & left ) only ?ree m5 )9 six    
in*es2 ! enemy w\ld !n come up eight or 
t5 /rong )9 six  in*es on ! o!r side1 b 
n really rea*+ ! gun4 ,at ! next  move !
 orig9al possessor ( ! gun w\ld br+ up  
half a doz5 m5  )9 six in*es4 ,to :om   
did ! gun belong8 ,by ! orig9al word+  (
 our rule1 x might be suppos$ to belong 
to ! attack :i* _h  nev] really t\*$ !  
gun yet1 & !y c\ld claim to turn x ^u   
its orig9al side4 ,we _h to meet a numb]
 ( su* cases4 ,we met !m  by requir+ !  
captur+ =ce--or1 to be precise1 f\r m5 (
  x--actually to pass ! axle ( ! gun    
be=e x c\ld be tak54    ,all sorts ( odd
 little difficulties arose too1 connect$
 ) ! use  ( ! guns z a %elt] f fire1 & v

 exact rules _h to be made  to avoid    
tilt+ ! nose & rais+ ! bree* ( a gun 9  
ord] to  use x z cov]4444    ,we /ill   
f\nd x difficult to introduce any       
imitation into our game (  ei!r retreat 
or ! surr5d] ( m5 n actually tak5       
prison]s 9 a  melee4 ,bo? ?+s 7 possible
 by ! rules1 b nobody did !m  because   
!re 0 no inducem5t to d !m4 ,games 7 apt
 to end  ob/9ately ) ! dea? or capture (
 ! la/ man4 ,an inducem5t 0  ne$$4 ,?is 
we contriv$ by play+ n = ! game b =     
po9ts1  scor+ ! result ( ea* game &     
c\nt+ ! po9ts t[>ds !  decision ( a     
campaign4 ,our campaign 0 to our s+le   
game :at a  rubb] is to a game ( :i/4   
,we made ! end ( a w> #bjj1 #cjj1 or    
#djj  or m po9ts up1 accord+ to ! numb] 
( games we want$ to play1  & we scor$ a 
hundr$ = ea* battle won1 & 9 addition #a
 = ea*  infantry-man1 #a-a_/b = ea*     
cavalry-man1 #aj = ea* gun1 #a_/b = ea* 
man held prison] by ! enemy1 & #a_/b =  
ea* prison] held at !  end ( ! game1    
subtract+ :at ! antagoni/ scor$ by !    

same  scale4 ,?us1 :5 he felt ! battle 0
 hopelessly lo/1 he _h a  direct        
inducem5t to retreat any guns he c\ld   
/ill save & surr5d]  any m5 :o 7 "u !   
fire ( ! victors' guns & likely to be   
slaught]$1 9 ord] to m9imise ! score    
aga9/ him4 ,& an int]e/  0 giv5 to a    
skilful retreat1 9 :i* ! los] n only    
sav$ po9ts  = himself b inflict$ losses 
^u ! pursu+ enemy4    ,at fir/ we play$ 
! game f ! outset1 ) ea* play]'s =ce  )9
 sight ( 8 antagoni/2 !n we f\nd x      
possible to hang a  d\ble curta9 (      
casem5t clo? f a /r+ /ret*$ across !    
middle ( ! field1 & we drew ?is back    
only aft] bo? sides _h set  out _! m54  
,)\t ^! curta9s we f\nd ! fir/ play] 0  
at a  heavy disadvantage1 because he    
display$ all 8 dispositions be=e 8      
oppon5t set d[n 8 m54    ,& at la/ our  
rules h rea*$ /ability1 & we reg>d !m n[
  ) ! virtu\s pride ( m5 :o h p]si/$ 9 a
 great und]tak+  & arriv$ at precision  
aft] mu* tribulation4 ,!re is n a piece 
(  con/ructive legislation 9 ! _w1 n a  

solit>y attempt to meet a  complicat$   
problem1 t we d n n[ reg>d ! m *>itably 
=  our ef=ts to get a "r result f ?is   
app>5tly easy & pu]ile  bus9ess ( fight+
 ) t9 soldi]s on ! floor4    ,& s our   
laws all made1 battles h be5 f\ght1 !   
m]e beg9n+s1  we feel1 ( va/ campaigns4 
,! game has become 9 a doz5 aspects     
extraord9>ily l a small real battle4 ,! 
plans are made1 !  ,c\ntry ha/ily       
survey$1 & !n ! curta9s are clos$1 & !  
antagoni/s make _! op5+ dispositions4   
,!n ! curta9s are drawn  back & ! ho/ile
 =ces come )9 sight ( ea* o!r2 ! little 
companies & squadrons & batt]ies appe>  
hurry+ to _!  positions1 ! infantry     
deploy+ into long op5 l9es1 ! cavalry   
%elt]+ 9 res]ve1 or gallop+ ) ! guns to 
fav\rable advance  positions4    ,9 two 
or ?ree moves ! guns are flick]+ into   
action1 a cavalry  melee may be 9       
progress1 ! plans ( ! attack are m or   
less  app>5t1 "h are m5 p\r+ out f !    
%elt] ( a wood to secure  "s po9t (     
vantage1 & "h are troops mass+ among f>m

 build+s  = a vigor\s attack4 ,! combat 
gr[s hot r\nd "s vital po9t4 ,move      
foll[s move 9 swift succession4 ,"o     
realises ) a sick5+ s5se (  error t "o  
is outnumb]$ & h>d press$ "h & uselessly
 cut  (f !re1 t "o's guns are ill-plac$1
 t "o's w+s are spread  too widely1 & t 
help c come only ov] "s deadly zone (   
fire4    ,s ! fight we>s on4 ,guns are  
lo/ or won1 hills or villages /orm$  or 
held2 sudd5ly x gr[s cle> t ! scales are
 tilt+ beyond  recov]y1 & ! los] has    
no?+ left b to contrive h[ he may get   
to ! back l9e & safety ) ! ve/iges ( 8  
comm&4444    ,b let me1 be=e ,i g on to 
tell ( actual battles & campaigns1 give 
"h a summ>y ( our ess5tial rules4       
,,iii    ,,! ,,rules      ,,"h1 !n1 are 
! rules ( ! p]fect battle-game z we play
 x 9 an  ord9>y room4      ,,! ,,c\ntry 
7#a7 ,! ,c\ntry mu/ be arrang$ by "o    
play]1 :o1 fail+ any o!r  agreem5t1 %all
 be select$ by ! toss ( a co94    7#b7  
,! o!r play] %all !n *oose :i* side ( ! 
field he w  fight f4    7#c7 ,! ,c\ntry 

mu/ be di/urb$ z little z possible 9 ea*
 move4  ,no?+ 9 ! ,c\ntry %all be mov$  
or set aside delib]ately to  facilitate 
! fir+ ( guns4 ,a play] mu/ n lie across
 ! ,c\ntry  s z to cru% or di/urb !     
,c\ntry if 8 oppon5t objects4 ,:atev]   
is mov$ by accid5t %all be replac$ aft] 
! end ( ! move4      ,,! ,,move    7#a7 
,aft] ! ,c\ntry is made & ! sides *os51 
!n 7& n until  !n7 ! play]s %all toss = 
! fir/ move4    7#b7 ,if !re is no      
curta91 ! play] w9n+ ! toss1 h]eaft]    
call$ ! ,fir/ ,play]1 %all next arrange 
8 m5 along 8 back l9e1  z he *ooses4    
,any m5 he may place beh9d or 9 front ( 
8 back l9e  %all c\nt 9 ! subsequ5t move
 z if !y t\*$ ! back l9e at  its ne>e/  
po9t4 ,! ,second ,play] %all !n d !     
same4 ,b if a  curta9 is available bo?  
fir/ & second play] may put d[n _! m5   
at ! same "t4 ,bo? play]s may take      
unlimit$ "t = ! putt+  d[n ( _! m52 if  
!re is a curta9 x is drawn back :5 !y   
are  ready1 & ! game !n beg9s4          
,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b--;,battle (      

,hook's ,f>m4  ,a ,ne> ,view ( ! ,blue  
,army    ,illu/ration3 ,fig4            
#c--;,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4  ,position 
( bo? ,armies  aft] fir/ move4    7#c7  
,! subsequ5t moves aft] ! putt+ d[n are 
tim$4 ,! l5g? (  "t giv5 = ea* move is  
det]m9$ by ! size ( ! =ces  engag$4     
,ab\t a m9ute %\ld be all[$ = mov+ #cj  
m5 & a m9ute  = ea* gun4 ,?us = a =ce ( 
#aaj m5 & #c guns1 mov$ by "o  play]1   
sev5 m9utes is an ample all[ance4 ,z !  
battle progresses  & ! m5 are kill$ (f1 
! all[ance is r$uc$ z ! play]s may      
agree4 ,! play] ab\t to move /&s at     
att5tion a y>d beh9d 8  back l9e until !
 timekeep] says ,g4 ,he !n proce$s to   
make 8  move until "t is up4 ,he mu/    
in/antly /op at ! cry ( ,"t4  ,w>n+ %\ld
 be giv5 by ! timekeep] two m9utes1 "o  
m9ute1 &  ?irty seconds be=e "t is up4  
,!re w be an int]val be=e !  next move1 
dur+ :i* any di/urbance ( ! ,c\ntry c be
 re>rang$  & m5 accid5tally ov]turn$    
replac$ 9 a prop] attitude4 ,?is        
int]val mu/ n exce$ five or f\r m9utes1 

z may be agre$ ^u4    7#d7 ,guns mu/ n  
be fir$ be=e ! second move ( ! fir/     
play]--n  c\nt+ ! putt+ d[n z a move4   
,?us ! fir/ play] puts  d[n1 !n ! second
 play]1 ! fir/ play] moves1 !n ! second 
play]1 & ! two =ces are !n suppos$ to   
come into effective  range ( ea* o!r & !
 fir/ play] may op5 fire if he wi%es to 
d s4    7#e7 ,9 mak+ 8 move a play] mu/ 
move or fire 8 guns if he wants  to d s1
 be=e mov+ 8 m54 ,to ?is rule ( ,guns   
,fir/ !re is  to be no exception4       
7#f7 ,e soldi] may be mov$ & e gun mov$ 
or fir$ at ea*  move1 subject to !      
foll[+ rules3      ,,mobility ,,( ,,!   
,,v>i\s ,,arms    7,ea* play] mu/ be    
provid$ ) two pieces ( /r+1 "o two feet 
9  l5g? & ! o!r six in*es47    7,i7 ,an 
infantry-man may be mov$ a foot or any  
less di/ance at ea*  move4    7,,ii7 ,a 
cavalry-man may be mov$ two feet or any 
less di/ance at ea*  move4    7,,iii7 ,a
 gun is 9 action if !re are at lea/ f\r 
m5 ( its own side  )9 six in*es ( x4 ,if
 !re are n at lea/ f\r m5 )9 t  di/ance1

 x c nei!r be mov$ nor fir$4    7,,iv7  
,if a gun is 9 action x c ei!r be mov$  
or fir$ at ea*  move1 b n bo?4 ,if x is 
fir$1 x may fire z _m z f\r %ots  9 ea* 
move4 ,x may be swung r\nd on its axis  
7! middle po9t (  its :eel axle7 to take
 aim1 provid$ ! ,c\ntry ab\t x p]mits2  
x may be elevat$ or depress$1 & !       
soldi]s ab\t x may1 at  ! discretion ( !
 fir]1 be made to lie d[n 9 _! places to
  facilitate its h&l+4 ,moreov]1 soldi]s
 :o h got 9 front ( !  fire ( _! own    
guns may lie d[n :ile ! guns fire ov]   
!m4 ,at  ! end ( ! move ! gun mu/ be    
left )\t alt]+ its elevation  & po9t+ 9 
! direction ( ! la/ %ot4 ,& aft] fir+1  
two  m5 mu/ be plac$ exactly at ! end ( 
! trail ( ! gun1 "o on  ei!r side 9 a   
l9e directly beh9d ! :eels4 ,s mu* =    
fir+4 ,if  ! gun is mov$ & n fir$1 !n at
 lea/ f\r m5 :o are ) !  gun mu/ move up
 ) x to its new position1 & be plac$ )9 
six  in*es ( x 9 its new position4 ,!   
gun itself mu/ be plac$ trail  =w>d & ! 
muzzle po9t+ back 9 ! direction f :i* x 

came1 & s x mu/ rema9 until x is swung  
r\nd on its axis to fire4  ,obvi\sly !  
di/ance :i* a gun c move w be det]m9$ by
 !  m5 x is )2 if !re are at lea/ f\r   
cavalry-m5 ) x1 !y c  take ! gun two    
feet1 b if !re are few] cavalry-m5 ?an  
f\r &  ! re/ infantry1 or no cavalry &  
all infantry1 ! gun w be  movable only  
"o foot4    7,v7 ,e man mu/ be plac$    
fairly cle> ( hills1 build+s1 trees1    
guns1 etc4 ,he mu/ n be jamm$ into      
int]/ices1 & ei!r play] may  insi/ ^u a 
cle> di/ance betwe5 any man & any gun or
 o!r object  ( at lea/ "o-sixte5? ( an  
in*4 ,nor mu/ m5 be pack$ 9 contact  )  
m54 ,a space ( "o-sixte5? ( an in* %\ld 
be kept betwe5  !m4    7,,vi7 ,:5 m5 are
 knock$ ov] by a %ot !y are dead1 & z _m
 m5  are dead z a %ot knocks ov] or     
causes to fall or to lean s t !y  w\ld  
fall if unsupport$4 ,b if a %ot /rikes a
 man b does n  knock him ov]1 he is     
dead1 provid$ ! %ot has n already kill$ 
a  man4 ,b a %ot _c kill m ?an "o man   
)\t knock+ him ov]1  & if x t\*es sev]al

 )\t ov]sett+ !m1 only ! fir/  t\*$ is  
dead & ! o!rs are n incapacitat$4 ,a %ot
 t  reb\nds f or glances (f any object &
 t\*es a man1 kills him2 x  kills him   
ev5 if x simply rolls to 8 feet1 subject
 to :at has be5  said 9 ! previ\s       
s5t5ce4      ,,h&-,,to-,,h& ,,fight+ ,,&
 ,,captur+    7#a7 ,a man or a body ( m5
 :i* has less ?an half its own numb] (  
m5 on its own side )9 a move ( x1 is    
said to be isolat$4 ,b if  !re is at    
lea/ half its numb] ( m5 ( its own side 
)9 a move  ( x1 x is n isolat$2 x is    
support$4    7#b7 ,m5 may be mov$ up    
into virtual contact 7"o-eigh? ( an in* 
or  clos]7 ) m5 ( ! opposite side4 ,!y  
mu/ !n be left until !  end ( ! move4   
7#c7 ,at ! end ( ! move1 if !re are m5 (
 ! side t has j  mov$ 9 contact ) any m5
 ( ! o!r side1 !y con/itute a  melee4   
,all ! m5 9 contact1 & any o!r m5 )9 six
 in*es (  ! m5 9 contact1 measur+ f any 
po9t ( _! p]sons1 weapons1  or horses1  
are suppos$ to take "p 9 ! melee4 ,at ! 
end ( !  move ! two play]s exam9e !     

melee & dispose ( ! m5 conc]n$  accord+ 
to ! foll[+ rules3--    ,ei!r ! numb]s  
tak+ "p 9 ! melee on ea* side are equal 
or  unequal4    7a7 ,if !y are equal1   
all ! m5 on bo? sides are kill$4    7b7 
,if !y are unequal1 !n ! inf]ior =ce is 
ei!r isolat$ or  7measur+ f ! po9ts (   
contact7 n isolat$4    7i7 ,if x is     
isolat$ 7see 7#a7 above71 !n z _m m5    
become  prison]s z ! inf]ior =ce is less
 9 numb]s ?an ! sup]ior  =ce1 & ! re/   
kill ea* a man & are kill$4 ,?us n9e    
aga9/  elev5 h two tak5 prison]s1 & ea* 
side sev5 m5 dead4 ,f\r (  ! elev5 rema9
 ) two prison]s4 ,"o may put ?is 9 ano!r
 way by  say+ t ! two =ces kill ea* o!r 
(f1 man = man1 until "o  =ce is d\ble ! 
o!r1 :i* is !n tak5 prison]4 ,sev5 m5   
kill  sev5 m51 & !n f\r are left ) two4 
7ii7 ,b if ! inf]ior =ce is n isolat$   
7see 7#a7 above71 !n  ea* man ( !       
inf]ior =ce kills a man ( ! sup]ior =ce 
& is  himself kill$4    ,& ! play] :o   
has j complet$ ! move1 ! "o :o has *>g$1
  decides1 :5 !re is any *oice1 :i* m5 9

 ! melee1 bo? ( 8  own & ( 8 antagoni/1 
%all die & :i* %all be prison]s or      
captors4    ,all ^! arrangem5ts are made
 aft] ! move is ov]1 9 ! int]val  betwe5
 ! moves1 & ! "t tak5 = ! adju/m5t does 
n c\nt  z "p ( ! usual int]val =        
consid]ation4 ,x is extra "t4    ,!     
play] next mov+ may1 if he has tak5     
prison]s1 move ^!  prison]s4 ,prison]s  
may be s5t "u escort to ! re> or :]ev]  
! captur] directs1 & "o man )9 six in*es
 ( any numb] (  prison]s up to sev5 c   
escort ^! prison]s & g ) !m4  ,prison]s 
are lib]at$ by ! dea? ( any escort !re  
may be )9  six in*es ( !m1 b !y may n be
 mov$ by ! play] ( _!  own side until ! 
move foll[+ t 9 :i* ! escort is kill$4  
,directly prison]s are tak5 !y are      
suppos$ to be dis>m$1 & if  !y are      
lib]at$ !y _c fight until !y are re>m$4 
,9 ord]  to be re>m$ !y mu/ return to ! 
back l9e ( _! own side4 ,an  escort hav+
 conduct$ prison]s to ! back l9e1 & s   
beyond !  rea* ( lib]ation1 may !n      
return into ! fight+ l9e4    ,prison]s  

once made _c fight until !y h return$ to
 _!  back l9e4 ,x foll[s1 !re=e1 t if   
aft] ! adjudication ( a  melee a play]  
moves up m m5 into t\* ) ! survivors (  
?is  fir/ melee1 & s con/itutes a second
 melee1 any prison]s made 9  ! fir/     
melee w n c\nt z combatants 9 ! second  
melee4 ,?us  if ,a moves up n9ete5 m5   
into a melee ) ?irte5 ( ,b's--,b hav+   
only five 9 support--,a makes six       
prison]s1 kills sev5 m51 & has  sev5 ( 8
 own kill$4 ,if1 n[1 ,b c move up f\rte5
 m5 into melee  ) ,a's victori\s        
survivors1 :i* he may be able to d by   
br++  ! five into contact1 & gett+ n9e  
o!rs )9 six in*es (  !m1 no c\nt is made
 ( ! six ( ,b's m5 :o are prison]s 9 !  
h&s ( ,a4 ,!y are dis>m$4 ,b1 !re=e1 has
 f\rte5 m5 9 !  second melee & ,a       
twelve1 ,b makes two prison]s1 kills t5 
( ,a's m51  & has t5 ( 8 own kill$4 ,b  
n[ ! six prison]s orig9ally made  by ,a 
are left )\t an escort1 & are !re=e     
recaptur$ by ,b4 ,b  !y mu/ g to ,b's   
back l9e & return be=e !y c fight aga94 

,s1 z ! outcome ( ^! two melees1 !re are
 six ( ,b's m5 go+  z releas$ prison]s  
to 8 back l9e :5ce !y may return into ! 
battle1 two ( ,a's m5 prison]s 9 ! h&s (
 ,b1 "o ( ,b's /ay+  ) !m z escort1 &   
?ree ( ,b's m5 /ill actively free =     
action4 ,a1 at a co/ ( n9ete5 m51 has   
dispos$ ( sev5te5 ( ,b's  m5 = good1 & (
 six or sev51 accord+ to :e!r ,b keeps 8
  prison]s 9 8 fight+ l9e or n1         
tempor>ily4    ,illu/ration3 ,fig4      
#d--;,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4  ,! ,battle
 develop+  rapidly4    ,illu/ration3    
,fig4 #e;a--,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4  ,r$
 ,cavalry *>g+  ! ,blue ,guns4    7#d7  
,any isolat$ body may hoi/ ! :ite flag &
 surr5d] at any  "t4    7#e7 ,a gun is  
captur$ :5 !re is no man :atev] ( its   
orig9al  side )9 six in*es ( x1 & :5 at 
lea/ f\r m5 ( !  antagoni/ side h mov$  
up to x & h pass$ its :eel axis go+  9 !
 direction ( _! attack4 ,?is latt] po9t 
is important4 ,an  antagoni/'s gun may  
be out ( action1 & y may h a score ( m5 
com+ up to x & )9 six in*es ( x1 b x is 

n yet captur$2  & y may h br\ght up a   
doz5 m5 all r\nd ! ho/ile gun1 b  if !re
 is /ill "o enemy j out ( _! rea* & )9  
six  in*es ( ! end ( ! trail ( ! gun1 t 
gun is n captur$3 x  is /ill 9 dispute &
 out ( action1 & y may n fire x or move 
x at ! next move4 ,b once a gun is fully
 captur$1 x foll[s all  ! rules ( y\r   
own guns4      ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,!       
,,battle-,,game    ,y may play v>i\s    
types ( game4    7#a7 ,"o is ! ,fight to
 ! ,f9i%4 ,y move 9 f any po9ts y l  on 
! back l9e & try to kill1 capture1 or   
drive ov] 8 back l9e  ! :ole ( ! enemy's
 =ce4 ,y play ! game = po9ts2 y score   
#ajj = ! victory1 & #aj = e gun y hold  
or are 9 a position  to take1 #a-a_/b = 
e cavalry-man1 #a = e infantry-man /ill 
alive & uncaptur$1 #a_/b = e man ( y\rs 
prison] 9 ! h&s  ( ! enemy1 & #a_/b = e 
prison] y h tak54 ,if ! battle  is /ill 
undecid$ :5 bo? =ces are r$uc$ bel[     
fifte5 m51 !  battle is drawn & ! #ajj  
po9ts = victory are divid$4             
,note--,?is game c be f\ght ) any siz$  

=ce1 b if x is f\ght  ) less ?an #ej a  
side1 ! m9imum mu/ be #aj a side4       
7#b7 ,! ,bl[ at ! ,re> game is decid$ :5
 at lea/ ?ree m5 ( "o  =ce rea* any po9t
 9 ! back l9e ( _! antagoni/4 ,he is !n 
suppos$ to h suff]$ a /rategic defeat1 &
 he mu/ retreat 8  entire =ce ov] ! back
 l9e 9 six moves1 i4e4 six ( 8 moves4   
,any?+ left on ! field aft] six moves   
capitulates to ! victor4  ,po9ts c\nt z 
9 ! prec$+ game1 b ?is la/s a %ort] "t &
  is bett] adapt$ to a cramp$ c\ntry ) a
 %ort back l9e4 ,) a  long re> l9e !    
game is simply a ru% at "s weak po9t 9 !
 fir/  play]'s l9e by ! entire cavalry  
brigade ( ! second play]4  ,in/ead (    
mak+ ! :ole back l9e available = ! ,bl[ 
at !  ,re>1 ! middle or ei!r half may be
 tak54    7#c7 ,9 ! ,def5sive ,game1 a  
=ce1 ! def5d]s1 two-?irds z /rong  z its
 antagoni/1 tries to prev5t ! latt]     
arriv+1 :ile /ill a  qu>t] ( its orig9al
 /r5g?1 ^u ! def5d]'s back l9e4 ,!      
,c\ntry mu/ be made by "o or bo? ( !    
play]s be=e x is  det]m9$ :i* %all be   

def5d]4 ,! play]s !n toss = *oice (     
sides1 & ! w9n] ( ! toss becomes !      
def5d]4 ,he puts out 8  =ce ov] ! field 
on 8 own side1 any:]e up to ! di/ance ( 
"o  move (f ! middle l9e--t is to say1  
he mu/ n put any man )9  "o move ( !    
middle l9e1 b he may d s any:]e on 8 own
 side  ( t limit--& !n ! los] ( ! toss  
becomes fir/ play]1 &  sets out 8 m5 a  
move f 8 back l9e4 ,! def5d] may op5    
fire  =?)2 he ne$ n wait until aft] !   
second move ( ! fir/  play]1 z ! second 
play] has to d4      ,,composition ,,(  
,,=ces    ,except 9 ! above cases1 or :5
 o!rwise agre$ ^u1 ! =ces  engag$ %all  
be equal 9 numb] & simil> 9 composition4
 ,! me?ods  ( h&icapp+ are obvi\s4 ,a   
slight inequality 7*ances ( w>7 may be  
arrang$ betwe5 equal play]s by leav+ out
 #ab m5 on ea* side &  toss+ ) a pair ( 
dice to see h[ _m ea* play] %all take ( 
^!4 ,! be/ arrangem5t & proportion ( !  
=ces is 9 small  bodies ( ab\t #bj to   
#be infantry-m5 & #ab to #ae cavalry to 
a gun4  ,su* a =ce c maneuv] com=tably  

on a front ( #d or #e feet4 ,mo/ (  our 
games h be5 play$ ) ab\t #hj infantry1  
#ej cavalry1 #c or #d  naval guns1 & a  
field gun on ei!r side1 or ) small]     
proportional  =ces4 ,we h play$ excell5t
 games on an eighte5-foot battlefield  )
 ov] two hundr$ m5 & six guns a side4 ,a
 play] may1 ( c\rse1  re>range 8 =ces to
 suit 8 own conv5i5ce2 brigade all or   
mo/ (  8 cavalry into a p[]ful /rik+    
=ce1 or :at n4 ,b m guns  proportionally
 lead to _! be+ put out ( action too    
e>ly = want  ( m52 a l>g] proportion (  
infantry makes ! game sluggi%1 &  m     
cavalry--because ( ! difficulty ( keep+ 
l>ge bodies ( ?is  =ce "u cov]--leads   
simply to e>ly heavy losses by gunfire &
  viol5t & disa/r\s *>g+4 ,! composition
 ( a =ce may1 (  c\rse1 be v>i$         
consid]ably4 ,"o good ,fight to a ,f9i% 
game we tri$  z foll[s3 ,we made !      
,c\ntry1 toss$ = *oice1 & !n drew       
curta9s across ! middle ( ! field4 ,ea* 
play] !n select$ 8  =ce f ! available   
soldi]s 9 ?is way3 he c\nt$ infantry z  

#a  ea*1 cavalry z #a-a_/b1 & a gun z   
#aj1 &1 tak+ :atev] he lik$  9 :atev]   
position he lik$1 he made up a total (  
#aej4 ,he c\ld1 =  in/ance1 *oose #ajj  
infantry & #e guns1 or #ajj cavalry & no
 guns1 or  #fj infantry1 #dj cavalry1 & 
#c guns4 ,9 ! result1 a ,bo]-l cavalry  
=ce ( #hj ) #c guns suff]$ defeat at !  
h&s ( #aaj infantry  ) #d4      ,,size  
,,( ,,! ,,soldi]s    ,! soldi]s us$ %\ld
 be all ( "o size4 ,! be/ ,briti% mak]s 
h /&>dis$ sizes1 & sell infantry &      
cavalry 9 exactly  proportion$          
dim5sions2 ! infantry be+ ne>ly two     
in*es tall4  ,!re is a light]1 *eap]    
make ( p]haps an in* & a half high t  is
 also available4 ,=eign-made soldi]s are
 ( v>iable sizes4          ,,iv    ,,!  
,,battle ,,( ,,hook',s ,,f>m      ,,&   
n[1 hav+ giv5 all ! exact sci5ce ( our  
w> game1 hav+ told  some?+ ( !          
developm5t ( ?is w>f>e1 let me "h set   
out !  p>ticul>s ( an exempl>y game4 ,& 
sudd5ly y\r au?or *anges4 ,he  *anges   
into :at p]haps he might h be5--"u      

diff]5t  circum/ances4 ,8 inky f+]s     
become l>ge1 manly h&s1 8 droop+        
s*ola/ic back /iff5s1 8 elb[s g out1 8  
etiolat$ complexion  corrugates & d>k5s1
 8 m\/a*es increase & gr[ & spread1 &   
curl up horribly2 a l>ge1 r$ sc>1 a     
sabre cut1 gr[s lurid ov] "o  eye4 ,he  
exp&s--all ov] he exp&s4 ,he cle>s 8    
?roat />tl+ly1  lugs at ! /ill gr[+ ends
 ( 8 m\/a*e1 & says1 ) j a  fa9t & fad+ 
d\bt 9 8 voice z to :e!r he c d x1 ,yas1
  ,sir6    ,illu/ration3 ,fig4          
#e;b--,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4  ,aft] !  
,cavalry ,mle    ,illu/ration3 ,fig4    
#f;a--,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4  ,prison]s
 be+ l$ to  ! re>4    ,n[ = a :ile y    
li/5 to ,g5]al ,h4 ,g4 ,w41 ( ! ,blue   
,army4 ,y  he> tales ( victory4 ,!      
photographs ( ! battlefields are by a   
woman w>-correspond5t1 ,a4 ,c4 ,w41 a   
d>+ ornam5t ( h] sex4 ,i  vani%4 ,i     
vani%1 b ,i w return4 ,"h1 !n1 is ! /ory
 ( !  battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4    ,!      
affair ( ,hook's ,f>m 0 "o ( ^? brisk   
little ?+s t  did s mu* to build up my  

e>ly reputation4 ,i did rem>kably well1 
?\gh p]haps x is n my function to say s4
 ,! enemy 0 slightly  /rong]1 bo? 9     
cavalry & infantry1 ?an myself          
,footnote3 ,a slight  b p>donable error 
on ! "p ( ! gallant g5tleman4 ,! =ces  7
 exactly equal42 he _h ! *oice (        
position1 & op5$ !  ball4 ,nev]!less ,i 
r\t$ him4 ,i _h ) me a compact little   
=ce (  #c guns1 #dh infantry1 & #be     
horse4 ,my in/ructions 7 to cle> up !   
c\ntry to ! ea/ ( ,firely ,*ur*4    ,we 
came v spe$ily into t\*4 ,i discov]$ !  
enemy advanc+ ^u  ,hook's ,f>m & ,firely
 ,*ur*1 evid5tly ) ! int5tion ( hold+   
^? two positions & giv+ me a w>m        
welcome4 ,i h by me a  photograph or s (
 ! battlefield & also a little sket* ,i 
us$ ^u  ! field4 ,!y w give ! intellig5t
 read] a f> bett] idea (  ! enc\nt] ?an 
any s-call$ 'f9e writ+' c d4    ,!      
orig9al advance ( ! enemy 0 ?r\gh ! op5 
c\ntry beh9d  ,firely ,*ur* & ,hook's   
,f>m2 ,i sight$ him betwe5 ! po9ts m>k$ 
,a ,a & ,b ,b1 & 8 =ce 0 divid$ into two

 columns1 ) v  little cov] or           
possibility ( communication betwe5 !m if
 once !  int]v5+ gr\nd 0 "u fire4 ,i    
reckon$ ab\t #bb to 8 left &  #ej or #fj
 to 8 "r4 ,footnote3 ,"h aga9 ! gallant 
g5tleman  errs2 ?is "t he magnifies4    
,evid5tly he meant to seize bo? ,firely 
,*ur* & ,hook's ,f>m1 get 8 guns into   
action1 & p\nd my little  =ce to pieces 
:ile x 0 /ill practically 9 ! op54 ,he  
c\ld  rea* bo? ^! admirable positions   
be=e ,i c\ld hope to get a man  !re4    
,!re 0 no effective cov] :atev] ^u my "r
 t w\ld  h p]mitt$ an advance up to !   
*ur*1 & s ,i decid$ to  conc5trate my   
:ole =ce 9 a ru% ^u ,hook's ,f>m1 :ile  
,i /av$  (f 8 left ) gun fire4 ,i d n   
believe any /rategi/ :atev]  c\ld h     
bett]$ t s*eme4 ,my guns 7 at ! po9ts   
m>k$ ,d ,c  ,e1 ea* ) five horsem51 & ,i
 deploy$ my infantry 9 a l9e betwe5  ,d 
& ,e4 ,! re/ ( my cavalry ,i ord]$ to   
advance on ,hook's ,f>m f  ,c4 ,i h %[n 
by arr[s on ! sket* ! c\rse ,i propos$ =
 my  guns4 ,! gun ,e 0 to g /raight =   

its assign$ position1 & get  into action
 at once4 ,c 0 n to risk capture or be+ 
put out (  action2 its exact position 0 
to be det]m9$ by ,r$'s rapidity 9  gett+
 up to ! f>m1 & x 0 to halt & get to "w 
directly x  saw any *ance ( effective   
fire4    ,r$ _h n[ sight$ u4 ,?r\gh\t ! 
affair he %[$ a rem>kably  poor /oma* = 
gun-fire1 & ?is 0 8 undo+4 ,moreov]1 he 
0  tempt$ by ! poorness ( our cov] on   
our "r to attempt to outflank  &        
enfilade u !re4 ,accord+ly1 p>tly to get
 cov] f our two  c5tral guns & p>tly to 
outflank u1 he s5t ! :ole ( 8 left  w+  
to ! left ( ,firely ,*ur*1 :]e1 except =
 ! gun1 x became  almo/ a negligible    
quantity4 ,! gun came out betwe5 ! *ur* 
&  ! wood into a position f :i* x did a 
consid]able am\nt (  mis*ief to !       
infantry on our "r1 & ne>ly drove our   
rightmo/  gun 9 ^u its supports4        
,mean:ile1 ,r$'s two guns on 8 "r came  
=w>d to ,hook's ,f>m1 r badly support$  
by 8 infantry4    ,once !y got into     
position !re ,i p]ceiv$ t we %\ld be    

done  =1 & accord+ly ,i ru%$ e available
 man =w>d 9 a vigor\s  c\nt] attack1 &  
my own two guns came lumb]+ up to !     
f>mh\se  corn]s1 & got into ! w$ge (    
%elt] close beh9d ! h\se  be=e 8 c\ld   
op5 fire4 ,8 fire met my advance1 litt]+
 !  g5tle grass slope ) dead1 & !n1 hot 
beh9d ! /orm ( %ell1  & ev5 z my cavalry
 ga!r$ to *>ge 8 guns1 he *>g$ m9e4  ,i 
0 amaz$ beyond measure at t ru%1 kn[+ 8 
sabres to be  slightly outnumb]$ by m9e4
 ,9 ano!r mom5t all ! level space  r\nd 
! f>mh\se 0 a :irl+ /orm ( sla%+        
cavalry1 &  !n we f\nd ourselves /ill   
hold+ on1 ) half a doz5 prison]s1  & !  
f>my>d a p]fect %ambles ( horses & m54  
,! melee 0  ov]4 ,8 *>ge _h fail$1 &1   
aft] a brief brea?+--space =  my        
%ot--torn infantry to come up1 ,i l$ on 
! c\nt] attack4 ,x 0  brilliantly       
successful2 a h>d five m9utes ) bayonet 
& sabre1  & 8 "r gun 0 9 our h&s & 8    
c5tral "o 9 jeop>dy4    ,& n[ ,r$ 0     
seiz$ ) t mo/ fatal disease ( g5]als1   
indecision4 ,he w\ld nei!r ab&on 8 lo/  

gun nor adequately attack  x4 ,he s5t   
=w>d a feeble little infantry attack1 t 
we cut up  ) ! utmo/ ease1 tak+ sev]al  
prison]s1 made a disa/r\s  demon/ration 
f ! *ur*1 & !n fell back altoge!r f !   
g5tle hill on :i* ,hook ,f>m is situat$ 
to a position beside &  beh9d an expos$ 
cottage on ! level4 ,i at once op5$ out 
into a  long cresc5t1 ) a gun at ei!r   
horn1 ^: crossfire completely  de/roy$ 8
 *ances ( retreat f ?is ill-*os5 la/ /&1
 &  !re pres5tly we disabl$ 8 second    
gun4 ,i n[ turn$ my att5tion  to 8 /ill 
l>gely unbrok5 "r1 f :i* a gun _h       
ma9ta9$ a  gall+ fire on u ?r\gh\t !    
fight4 ,i might /ill h _h "s  /iff "w   
gett+ an attack home to ! *ur*1 b ,r$ _h
 _h en\gh  ( x1 & n[ decid$ to relieve  
me ( any fur!r ex]tion by a  precipitate
 retreat4 ,my gun to ! "r ( ,hook's ,f>m
 kill$ ?ree (  8 fly+ m51 b my cavalry 7
 too badly cut up = an effective        
pursuit1 & he got away to ! extreme left
 ( 8 orig9al positions  ) ab\t #f       
infantry-m51 #d cavalry1 & #a gun4 ,he  

w5t none too soon4  ,_h he /ay$1 x w\ld 
h be5 only a "q ( "t be=e we %ot  him to
 pieces & f9i%$ him altoge!r4    ,s f>1 
& a little va+lori\sly1 ! g5]al4 ,let me
 n[ %rug my  %\ld]s & %ake him (f1 & g  
ov] ?is battle he describes a  little m 
exactly ) ! help ( ! photographs4 ,!    
battle is a  small1 compact game ( !    
,fight-to-a-,f9i% type1 & x 0 arrang$  z
 simply z possible 9 ord] to p]mit ( a  
full & exact  explanation4              
,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f;b--,battle (     
,hook's ,f>m4  ,position ( ,armies at   
end ( ,blue's ?ird move4                
,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g--;,battle (      
,hook's ,f>m4  ,r$'s ,left ,w+  attempt+
 to jo9 ! ,ma9 ,body4    ,figure #a %[s 
! c\ntry ( ! battlefield put out2 on !  
"r is  ! *ur*1 on ! left 7ne> ! c5tre ( 
! plate7 is ! f>m4  ,9 ! holl[ betwe5 ! 
two is a small outbuild+4 ,directly     
beh9d  ! f>m 9 ! l9e ( vision is ano!r  
outbuild+4 ,?is is m  di/9ctly se5 9 o!r
 photographs4 ,beh9d1 ! *alk back l9e is
  cle>4 ,r$ has won ! toss1 bo? = !     

*oice ( a side &1 aft]  mak+ t *oice1 = 
fir/ move1 & 8 =ce is already put out   
^u ! back l9e4 ,= ! sake (              
picturesqu5ess1 ! m5 are n put  exactly 
on ! l9e1 b ea* w h 8 next move measur$ 
f t  l9e4 ,r$ has brok5 8 =ce into two1 
a fatal error1 z we %all  see1 9 view ( 
! wide space ( op5 gr\nd betwe5 ! f>m & 
!  *ur*4 ,he has #a gun1 #e cavalry1 &  
#ac infantry on 8 left1 :o are  evid5tly
 to take up a /rong position by ! *ur* &
 enfilade ,blue's  position2 ,r$'s "r1 (
 #b guns1 #bj cavalry1 & #cg infantry   
aim at !  seizure ( ! f>m4    ,figure #b
 is a ne> view ( ,blue's side1 ) 8 =ce  
put d[n4 ,he has  grasp$ ! /rategic     
mi/ake ( ,r$1 & is go+ to fl+ e man at  
! f>m4 ,8 "r1 ( #e cavalry & #af        
infantry1 w get up z soon  z possible to
 ! woods ne> ! c5tre ( ! field 7:5ce !  
fire  ( _! gun w be able to cut (f ! two
 portions ( ,r$'s =ce  f ea* o!r71 & !n1
 leav+ ! gun !re ) suffici5t m5  to s]ve
 x1 ! re/ ( ?is p>ty w pu% on to        
co-op]ate ) !  ma9 =ce ( _! comrades 9 !

 inevitable scrimmage = ! f>m4          
,figure #c %[s ! fight aft] ,r$ & ,blue 
h bo? made _! fir/  move4 ,x is tak5 f  
,r$'s side4 ,r$ has n z yet realis$ !   
dang] ( 8 position4 ,8 left gun /ruggles
 into position to !  left ( ! *ur*1 8   
c5tre & "r pu% = ! f>m4 ,blue's five    
cavalry on 8 left h already gallop$ =w>d
 into a fav\rable  position to op5 fire 
at ! next move--!y are a little hidd5 9 
!  picture by ! *ur*2 ! sixte5 infantry 
foll[ h>d1 & 8 ma9  =ce makes /raight = 
! f>m4    ,figure #d %[s ! affair       
develop+ rapidly4 ,r$'s cavalry on 8 "r 
h tak5 8 two guns well =w>d into a      
position to sweep ei!r  side ( ! f>m1 & 
8 left gun is n[ well plac$ to p\nd     
,blue's  infantry c5tre4 ,8 infantry    
cont9ue to press =w>d1 b ,blue1 =  8    
second move1 has already op5$ fire f !  
woods ) 8 "r  gun1 & kill$ ?ree ( ,r$'s 
m54 ,8 infantry h n[ come up to  s]ve   
?is gun1 & ! cavalry :o br\ght x into   
position at !  fir/ move h n[ left x to 
!m 9 ord] to gallop ov] to jo9 !  =ce   

attack+ ! f>m4 ,undismay$ by ,r$'s guns1
 ,blue has br\ght 8  o!r two guns & 8 m5
 z close to ! f>m z !y c g4 ,8  leftmo/ 
gun />es ,r$'s 9 ! face1 & prev5ts any  
effective fire1  8 middle gun faces     
,r$'s middle gun4 ,"s ( 8 cavalry are   
expos$  to ! "r ( ! f>m1 b mo/ are      
completely cov]$ n[ by !  f>m f ,r$'s   
fire4 ,r$ has n[ to move4 ,! nature ( 8 
position is  becom+ app>5t to him4 ,8 "r
 gun is ineffective1 8 left & 8  c5tre  
guns _c kill m ?an sev5 or eight m5     
betwe5 !m2 &  at ! next move1 unless he 
c sil5ce !m1 ,blue's guns w be m[+  8   
expos$ cavalry d[n f ! security ( ! f>m4
 ,he is 9 a fix4  ,h[ is he to get out (
 x8 ,8 cavalry are slightly outnumb]$1 b
 he  decides to d z mu* execution z he c
 ) 8 own guns1 *>ge !  ,blue guns be=e  
him1 & !n br+ up 8 infantry to save !   
situation4    ,figure #e;a %[s ! result 
( ,r$'s move4 ,8 two effective guns h   
betwe5 !m b[l$ ov] two cavalry & six    
infantry 9 ! gap betwe5  ! f>m & ,blue's
 "r gun2 & !n1 foll[+ up ! effect ( 8   

gunfire1 8 cavalry *>ges home ov] !     
,blue guns4 ,"o ov]sight he  makes1 to  
:i* ,blue at once calls 8 att5tion at ! 
end ( 8 move4  ,r$ has reckon$ on tw5ty 
cavalry = 8 *>ge1 =gett+ t  by ! rules  
he mu/ put two m5 at ! tail ( 8 middle  
gun4 ,8  infantry are j n able to come  
up = ?is duty1 & consequ5tly  two       
cavalry-m5 h to be set !re4 ,! game !n  
pauses :ile !  play]s "w out ! cavalry  
melee4 ,r$ has br\ght up eighte5 m5 to  
?is2 9 t\* or )9 six in*es ( t\* !re are
 tw5ty-"o ,blue  cavalry4 ,r$'s =ce is  
isolat$1 = only two ( 8 m5 are )9 a     
move1 & to support eighte5 he w\ld h to 
h n9e4 ,by ! rules  ?is gives fifte5 m5 
dead on ei!r side & ?ree ,r$ prison]s to
  ,blue4 ,by ! rules also x re/s ) ,r$  
to indicate ! survivors  )9 ! limits ( !
 melee z he *ooses4 ,he takes v good c>e
  !re are n f\r m5 )9 six in*es ( ei!r  
,blue gun1 & bo?  ^! are out ( action   
!re=e = ,blue's next move4 ,( c\rse ,r$ 
w\ld h done f> bett] to h *>g$ home )   
?irte5 m5 only1  leav+ sev5 9 support1 b

 he 0 flurri$ by 8 comp>atively         
unsuccessful %oot+--he _h want$ to hit m
 cavalry--& by !  gun-trail mi/ake4     
,moreov]1 he _h c\nt$ 8 antagoni/       
wrongly1 &  ?\ght he c\ld arrange a     
melee ( tw5ty aga9/ tw5ty4    ,figure   
#e;b %[s ! game at ! same /age z #e;a1  
imm$iately aft]  ! adjudication ( !     
melee4 ,! dead h be5 pick$ up1 ! ?ree   
prison]s1 by a slight deflection ( !    
rules 9 ! direction ( !  picturesque1   
turn _! faces t[>ds captivity1 & ! re/ (
 !  picture is exactly 9 ! position (   
#e;a4    ,x is n[ ,blue's turn to move1 
& figure #f;a %[s ! result ( 8  move4   
,he fires 8 rightmo/ gun 7! nose ( x is 
j visible to  ! "r7 & kills "o          
infantry-man & "o cavalry-man 7at ! tail
  ( ,r$'s c5tral gun71 br+s up 8 surviv+
 eight cavalry into  conv5i5t positions 
= ! s]vice ( 8 tempor>ily sil5c$ guns1  
& hurries 8 infantry =w>d to ! f>m1     
recklessly expos+ !m  9 ! ?9 wood betwe5
 ! f>m & 8 "r gun4 ,! att5tive  read] w 
be able to trace all ?is 9 figure #f;a1 

& he w also  note ! ?ree ,r$ cavalry    
prison]s go+ to ! re> "u ! escort  ( "o 
,khaki infantry man4    ,figure #f;b %[s
 exactly ! same /age z figure #f;a1 t is
 to say1 !  end ( ,blue's ?ird move4 ,a 
cavalry-man lies dead at ! tail ( ,r$'s 
middle gun1 an infantry-man a little    
beh9d x4 ,8 rightmo/ gun is  ab&on$ &   
p>tly mask$1 b n hidd51 f ! obs]v]1 by a
  tree to ! side ( ! f>mh\se4    ,& n[1 
:at is ,r$ to d8    ,! read] w probably 
h 8 own ideas1 z ,i h m9e4 ,:at ,r$  did
 d 9 ! actual game 0 to lose 8 head1 &  
!n at ! end (  f\r m9utes' delib]ation  
he _h to move1 he blund]$ desp]ately4   
,he  op5$ fire on ,blue's expos$ c5tre &
 kill$ eight m54 7,_! bodies  litt] !   
gr\nd 9 figure #g1 :i* gives a complete 
bird's-eye view (  ! battle47 ,he !n s5t
 =w>d & isolat$ six or sev5 m5 9 a  wild
 attempt to recapture 8 lo/ gun1 mass$ 8
 o!r m5 beh9d !  inadequate cov] ( 8    
c5tral gun1 & s5t ! deta*m5t ( infantry 
t _h hi!rto lurk$ uselessly beh9d !     
*ur*1 9 a frantic &  hopeless ru% across

 ! op5 to jo9 !m4 7,! "o surviv+        
cavalry-man  on 8 "r w+ w be se5 tak+   
refuge beh9d ! cottage47  ,!re c be     
little "q ( ! entire uns\ndness ( all ^!
  movem5ts4 ,r$ 0 at a disadvantage1 he 
_h fail$ to capture ! f>m1  & 8 bus9ess 
n[ 0 manife/ly to save 8 m5 z mu* z     
possible1  make a def5sive fight ( x1   
inflict z mu* damage z possible )  8    
leftmo/ gun on ,blue's advance1 get !   
remnants ( 8 "r across  to ! *ur*--!    
cottage 9 ! c5tre & _! own gun w\ld h   
giv5 !m a c]ta9 am\nt ( cov]--& build up
 a new position ab\t  t build+ z a      
pivot4 ,) two guns "r & left ( ! *ur* he
  might conceivably h sav$ ! re/ ( !    
fight4    ,t1 h[ev]1 is !ory2 let u     
return to fact4 ,figure #h gives !      
disa/r\s consequ5ces ( ,r$'s la/ move4  
,blue has mov$1 8 guns  h slaught]$ t5 (
 ,r$'s wret*$ foot1 & a ru% ( n9e ,blue 
cavalry & infantry m+les ) ,r$'s six    
surviv+ infantry ab\t !  disput$ gun4   
,^! infantry by ! def9ition are isolat$2
 !re are  n ?ree o!r ,r$s )9 a move (   

!m4 ,! view 9 ?is photograph  also is an
 ext5sive "o1 & ! read] w note1 z a     
pa9ful  accessory1 ! sad spectacle (    
?ree ,r$ prison]s rec$+ to !  "r4 ,!    
melee ab\t ,r$'s lo/ gun works out1 (   
c\rse1 at ?ree  dead on ea* side1 & ?ree
 m ,r$ prison]s4    ,h5ce=? ! battle    
moves swiftly to complete ! disa/] (    
,r$4  ,%ak5 & demoralis$1 t un=tunate   
g5]al is n[ only =  retreat4 ,8 next    
move1 ( :i* ,i h no picture1 is to      
retreat !  infantry he has s wantonly   
expos$ back to ! %elt] ( ! *ur*1  to    
)draw ! wreckage ( 8 "r into ! cov] ( ! 
cottage1  &--"o la/ gleam (             
ent]prise--to ?r[ =w>d 8 left gun into  
a position comm&+ ,blue's "r4           
,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h--;,battle (      
,hook's ,f>m4  ,! ,r$ ,army suff]s      
,heavy ,loss4    ,illu/ration3 ,fig4    
#i--;,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m4  ,complete 
,victory (  ! ,blue ,army4    ,blue !n  
p\nds ,r$'s "r ) 8 gun to ! "r ( ! f>m &
  kills ?ree m54 ,he ext5ds 8 o!r gun to
 ! left ( ! f>m1 "r  out among ! trees1 

s z to get an effective fire next "t ^u 
!  tail ( ,r$'s gun4 ,he also moves up  
suffici5t m5 to take possession (  ,r$'s
 lo/ gun4 ,on ! "r ,blue's gun engages  
,r$'s & kills "o man4  ,all ?is ! read] 
w see cle>ly 9 figure #i1 & he w also   
note  a second bat* ( ,r$ prison]s--?is 
"t !y are infantry1 go+  re>w>d4 ,figure
 #i is ! la/ picture t is ne$$ to tell !
 /ory  ( ! battle4 ,r$'s position is    
altoge!r hopeless4 ,he has f\r m5  left 
alive by 8 rightmo/ gun1 & _! only *ance
 is to attempt to  save t by retreat+ ) 
x4 ,if !y fire x1 "o or o!r w  c]ta9ly  
be kill$ at its tail 9 ,blue's subsequ5t
 move1 & !n !  gun w be nei!r movable   
nor fireable4 ,r$'s left gun1 ) f\r m5  
only1 is also 9 extreme p]il1 & w be    
immovable & helpless if  x loses ano!r  
man4    ,v prop]ly ,r$ decid$ ^u        
retreat4 ,8 second gun _h to be  ab&on$ 
aft] "o move1 b two ( ! m5 ) x escap$   
ov] 8  back l9e4 ,five ( ! infantry     
beh9d ! *ur* escap$1 & 8 ?ird  gun & its
 f\r cavalry got away on ! extreme      

left-h& corn] (  ,r$'s position4 ,blue  
rema9$ on ! field1 completely victori\s1
 )  two captur$ guns & six prison]s4    
,!re y h a sci5tific record ( ! wor?y   
g5]al's little  affair4          ,v     
,,ext5sions ,,& ,,amplifications ,,(    
,,little ,,w>      ,n[ t battle (       
,hook's ,f>m is1 z ,i h expla9$1 a      
simplification  ( ! game1 set out       
entirely to illu/rate ! me?od ( play+2  
!re  is sc>cely a battle t w n prove m  
elaborate 7& ev5tful7  ?an ?is little   
enc\nt]4 ,if a numb] ( play]s & a       
suffici5tly  l>ge room c be got1 !re is 
no reason :y armies ( _m hundr$s (      
soldi]s %\ld n fight ov] _m squ>e y>ds (
 model c\ntry4 ,s  long z ea* play] has 
ab\t a hundr$ m5 & ?ree guns !re is no  
ne$ to l5g!n ! duration ( a game on t   
acc\nt4 ,b x is too  labori\s & confus+ 
= a s+le play] to h&le m ?an t  numb] ( 
m54    ,moreov]1 on a big floor ) an    
ext5sive c\ntry x is possible to  beg9  
mov+ ) moves d\ble or treble ! l5g? "h  
specifi$1 &  to come d[n to moves ( !   

ord9>y l5g?s :5 ! troops are )9  fifte5 
or twelve or t5 feet ( ea* o!r4 ,to     
play]s ) ! "t  & space available ,i w\ld
 sugge/ us+ a q l>ge c\ntry1  beg9n+ )  
treble moves1 &1 ) ! exception ( a      
select numb]  ( cavalry sc\ts1 keep+ !  
soldi]s 9 _! boxes ) ! lids on1  & mov+ 
! boxes z units4 7,?is box+ idea is a   
new "o1 &  af=ds a v good sub/itute = ! 
curta92 ,i h tri$ x twice  = games 9 !  
op5 air :]e ! curta9 0 n available47    
,nei!r  side w\ld1 ( c\rse1 "k :at ! o!r
 _h 9 its boxes2 !y might  be pack$     
regim5ts or a m]e skeleton =ce4 ,ea*    
side w\ld advance on  ! o!r by d\ble or 
treble moves beh9d a scre5 ( cavalry    
sc\ts1  until a sc\t 0 )9 t5 feet ( a   
box on ! opposite side4 ,!n  ! cont5ts (
 t p>ticul> box w\ld h to be disclos$ & 
!  m5 /ood out4 ,troops )\t any enemy )9
 tw5ty feet c\ld be  return$ to _! boxes
 = facility 9 mov+4 ,play+ on su* a     
scale  w\ld admit also ( ! introduction 
( ! problem ( provisions &  supplies4   
,little toy ,army ,s]vice waggons c be  

b\ght1 & x c\ld be  rul$ t troops mu/ h 
"o su* waggon = e fifty m5 )9  at lea/  
six moves4 ,moreov]1 ammunition c>ts may
 be got1 & x may be  rul$ t "o mu/ be )9
 two moves ( a gun be=e ! latt] c  be   
fir$4 ,all ^! are complications ( ! ,w> 
,game1 & s f> ,i h  n be5 able to get   
toge!r suffici5t exp]i5c$ play]s to play
 on  ?is l>g]1 m elaborate scale4 ,x is 
only aft] ! small] simpl]  w> game "h   
describ$ has be5 play$ a numb] ( times1 
& its  little dodges ma/]$ completely1 t
 su* m w>like devices become            
practicable4    ,b obvi\sly ) a team (  
play]s & an ext5sive c\ntry1 "o c\ld  h 
a g5]al controll+ ! :ole campaign1      
divisional comm&]s1  batt]ies ( guns1   
specialis$ brigades1 & a q milit>y      
movem5t  ( ! :ole affair4 ,i h 7z sev]al
 illu/rations %[7 tri$ ,little  ,w>s 9 !
 op5 air4 ,! toy soldi]s /& q well on   
closely m[n  grass1 b ! long-range      
gun-fire becomes a little unc]ta9 if !re
  is any breeze4 ,x gives a great]      
fre$om ( movem5t & all[s !  play]s to   

lie d[n m com=tably :5 fir+1 to         
increase1 & ev5  d\ble1 ! moves ( !     
indoor game4 ,"o c m>k out high roads & 
/reams ) an ord9>y lawn-t5nis m>k]1     
m\nta9s & rocks (  /ones1 & woods & =e/s
 ( twigs are easily arrang$4 ,b if !    
game is to be left out all night &      
cont9u$ next day 7a ?+ ,i h  z yet _h no
 "t to try71 ! h\ses mu/ be ( "s m solid
  mat]ial ?an pap]4 ,i w\ld sugge/ pa9t$
 blocks ( wood4 ,on a l>ge  lawn1 a wide
 c\ntry-side may be easily repres5t$4 ,!
 play]s may  beg9 ) a game exactly l !  
ord9>y ,kriegspiel1 ) sc\ts  & box$     
soldi]s1 :i* w develop into su* battles 
z are "h  describ$1 z ! troops come into
 contact4 ,x w\ld be easy to give !     
roads a real significance by p]mitt+ a  
move half z long aga9 z 9  ! op5 c\ntry 
= waggons or box$ troops along a road4  
,!re is a  possibility ( hav+ a toy     
railway1 ) /ations or roll+ /ock into   
:i* troops might be put1 on su* a giant 
w> map4 ,"o w\ld all[ a  move = entra9+ 
& ano!r = detra9+1 requir+ ! troops to  

be mass$ alongside ! tra9 at ! beg9n+ & 
end ( ea* j\rney1  & ! tra9 might move  
at f\r or five times ! cavalry rate4 ,"o
  w\ld use op5 trucks & put 9 a specifi$
 numb] ( m5--say twelve  infantry or    
five cavalry or half a gun p] truck--&  
p]mit an eng9e  to draw sev5 or eight   
trucks1 or move at a r$uc$ spe$ ) m4 ,"o
  c\ld also rule t f\r m5--! same f\r   
m5--rema9+ on a l9e  dur+ two moves1    
c\ld te> up a rail1 & eight m5 9 ?ree   
moves  replace x4    ,i w confess ,i h  
nev] yet tri$ ov] ^! m elaborate        
developm5ts ( ,little ,w>s1 p>tly       
because ( ! limit$ "t at my  disposal1 &
 p>tly because !y all dem& a numb] (    
play]s :o  are well acqua9t$ ) ! same on
 ea* side if !y are n to la/            
int]m9ably4 ,! ,battle ( ,hook's ,f>m   
7"o play] a side7 took a :ole  aft]noon1
 & mo/ ( my battles h la/$ ! bett] "p ( 
a day4          ,,vi    ,,end+ ,,) ,a   
,,sort ,,( ,,*all5ge      ,i ,,c\ld g on
 n[ & tell ( battles1 copi\sly4 ,9 !    
memory ( !  "o skirmi% ,i h giv5 ,i d b 

ta/e blood4 ,i w\ld l to g on1  to a    
l>ge1 ?ick book4 ,x w\ld be an agreeable
 task4 ,s9ce ,i am !  *ief inv5tor &    
practis] 7s f>7 ( ,little ,w>s1 !re has 
fall5  to me a disproportionate %>e (   
victories4 ,b let me n boa/4 ,=  !      
pres5t1 ,i h done all t ,i meant to d 9 
?is matt]4 ,x is  = y1 de> read]1 n[ to 
get a floor1 a fri5d1 "s soldi]s &  "s  
guns1 & %[ by a grovell+ devotion y\r   
appreciation ( ?is  noble & beautiful   
gift ( a limitless game t ,i h giv5 y4  
,& if ,i might = a mom5t trumpet6 ,h[   
mu* bett] is ?is amiable  m9iature ?an !
 ,real ,?+6 ,"h is a homeopa?ic rem$y = 
!  imag9ative /rategi/4 ,"h is !        
prem$itation1 ! ?rill1 !  /ra9 (        
accumulat+ victory or disa/]--& no sma%$
 nor  sangu9>y bodies1 no %att]$ f9e    
build+s nor deva/at$ c\ntry  sides1 no  
petty cruelties1 none ( t awful univ]sal
 bor$om &  embitt]m5t1 t tiresome delay 
or /oppage or emb>rassm5t ( e  graci\s1 
bold1 sweet1 & *>m+ ?+1 t we :o are old 
en\gh to  rememb] a real mod]n w> "k to 

be ! reality ( bellig]5ce4 ,?is  _w is =
 ample liv+2 we want security & fre$om2 
all ( u 9  e c\ntry1 except a few       
dull-witt$1 en]getic bores1 want to see 
! manhood ( ! _w at some?+ bett] ?an    
ape+ ! little lead  toys our *ildr5 buy 
9 boxes4 ,we want f9e ?+s made =        
mank9d--spl5did cities1 op5 ways1 m k & 
p[]1 & m  & m & m--& s ,i (f] my game1 =
 a p>ticul> z well z a  g5]al end2 & let
 u put ?is pranc+ mon>* & t silly       
sc>e-mong]1 & ^! excitable patriots1 &  
^? adv5tur]s1 &  all ! practition]s (   
,welt ,politik1 into "o va/ ,temple (   
,w>1 )  cork c>pets ev]y:]e1 & pl5ty (  
little trees & little h\ses to  knock   
d[n1 & cities & =tresses1 & unlimit$    
soldi]s--tons1  cell>s-full--& let !m   
lead _! own lives !re away f u4    ,my  
game is j z good z _! game1 & san] by   
reason ( its size4  ,"h is ,w>1 done d[n
 to rational proportions1 & yet out ( ! 
way  ( mank9d1 ev5 z our fa!rs turn$    
human sacrifices into ! eat+  ( little  
images & symbolic m\?fuls4 ,= my own "p1

 ,i am prep>$4  ,i h ne>ly five hundr$  
m51 m ?an a score ( guns1 & ,i twirl  my
 m\/a*e & hurl defiance ea/w>d f my home
 9 ,essex across !  n>r[ seas4 ,n only  
ea/w>d4 ,i w\ld conclude ?is little     
disc\rse  ) "o o!r disconc]t+ &         
exasp]at+ s5t5ce = ! admir]s  &         
practition]s ( ,big ,w>4 ,i h nev] yet  
met 9 little battle any  milit>y        
g5tleman1 any capta91 major1 colonel1   
g5]al1 or em95t  comm&]1 :o did n       
pres5tly get into difficulties &        
confusions  among ev5 ! elem5t>y rules (
 ! ,battle4 ,y h only to play at        
,little ,w>s ?ree or f\r times to       
realise j :at a blund]+ ?+  ,great ,w>  
mu/ be4    ,great ,w> is at pres5t1 ,i  
am conv9c$1 n only ! mo/ exp5sive  game 
9 ! univ]se1 b x is a game out ( all    
proportion4 ,n only  are ! masses ( m5 &
 mat]ial & suff]+ & inconv5i5ce too     
mon/r\sly big = reason1 b--! available  
heads we h = x1 are  too small4 ,t1 ,i  
?9k1 is ! mo/ pacific realisation       
conceivable1  & ,little ,w> br+s y to x 

z no?+ else b ,great ,w> c d4           
,,app5dix    ,,little ,,w>s ,,&         
,,kriegspiel      ,,?is little book has1
 ,i hope1 be5 p]fectly frank ab\t its   
int5tions4  ,x is n a book ^u           
,kriegspiel4 ,x gives m]ely a game t may
 be  play$ by two or f\r or six         
amateuri% p]sons 9 an aft]noon &  ev5+ )
 toy soldi]s4 ,b x has a v di/9ct       
relation to  ,kriegspiel2 & s9ce ! ma9  
portion ( x 0 writt5 & publi%$  9 a     
magaz9e1 ,i h _h q a consid]able        
correspond5ce )  milit>y p :o h be5     
int]e/$ by x1 & :o h %[n a  v fri5dly _s
 t[>ds x--9 spite ( ! pacific outbreak 9
 its  conclud+ section4 ,!y tell me--:at
 ,i already a little suspect$--t        
,kriegspiel1 z x is play$ by ! ,briti%  
,army1 is a v dull &  unsatisfactory    
ex]cise1 lack+ 9 realism1 9 /ir & !     
unexpect$1  obsess$ by ! umpire at e    
turn1 & ( v d\btful value 9  wak+ up !  
imag9ation1 :i* %\ld be its *ief        
function4 ,i am  p>ticul>ly indebt$ to  
,colonel ,m>k ,sykes = advice &         

in=mation  9 ?is matt]4 ,he has po9t$   
out to me ! possibility ( develop+      
,little ,w>s into a vivid & inspir+     
,kriegspiel1 9 :i* ! elem5t  ( ! umpire 
w\ld be r$uc$ to a m9imum2 & x w\ld be  
ungrateful  to him1 & a wa/e ( an       
int]e/+ opportunity1 if ,i did n add ?is
  ,app5dix1 po9t+ out h[ a ,kriegspiel (
 real educational value =  junior (fic]s
 may be develop$ out ( ! amus+ me?ods ( 
,little  ,w>4 ,if ,great ,w> is to be   
play$ at all1 ! bett] x is play$ !  m   
humanely x w be done4 ,i see no         
inconsi/5cy 9 deplor+  ! practice :ile  
p]fect+ ! me?od4 ,b ,i am a civilian1 & 
,kriegspiel is n my prop] bus9ess4 ,i am
 deeply preoccupi$ ) a  novel ,i am     
writ+1 & s ,i ?9k ! be/ ?+ ,i c d is j  
to  set d[n "h all ! ideas t h cropp$ up
 9 my m9d1 9 !  foot/eps1 s to speak1 ( 
,colonel ,sykes1 & leave x to ! milit>y 
exp]t1 if he c>es to take ! matt] up1 to
 r$uce my scatt]$  sugge/ions to a      
sy/em4    ,n[1 fir/1 x is manife/ t 9   
,little ,w>s !re is no equival5t  =     

rifle-fire1 & t ! effect ( ! gun-fire   
has no resemblance  to ! effect ( %ell4 
,t may be alt]$ v simply4 ,let ! rules  
z to gun-fire be z !y are n[1 b let a   
diff]5t projectile be  us$--a projectile
 t w drop d[n & /ay :]e x falls4 ,i f9d 
t "o c buy 9 ironmong]s' %ops small     
brass screws ( v>i\s  sizes & weights1 b
 all capable ( be+ put 9 ! muzzle ( !   
#d'g  guns )\t slipp+ d[n ! b>rel4 ,if1 
) su* a screw 9 !  muzzle1 ! gun is     
load$ & fir$1 ! wood5 bolt rema9s 9 !   
gun  & ! screw flies & drops & /ays ne> 
:]e x falls--its range  be+ det]m9$ by !
 size & weight ( screw select$ by !     
gunn]4  ,let u assume ?is is a %ell1 & x
 is q easy to make a rule t  w give !   
effect ( its explosion4 ,half1 or1 9 !  
case ( an odd  numb]1 "o m ?an half1 ( !
 m5 )9 ?ree in*es ( ?is %ell  are dead1 
& if !re is a gun completely )9 ! circle
 ( ?ree  in*es radius f ! %ell1 x is    
de/roy$4 ,if x is n completely  )9 !    
circle1 x is disabl$ = two moves4 ,a    
supply waggon is  completely de/roy$ if 

x falls :olly or p>tially )9 ! radius4  
,b if !re is a wall1 h\se1 or entr5*m5t 
betwe5 any m5 & !  %ell1 !y are         
un9jur$--!y d n c\nt 9 ! reckon+ ( !    
effect ( ! %ell4    ,i ?9k "o c get a   
practical imitation ( ! effect (        
rifle-fire  by decid+ t = e five        
infantry-m5 :o are r\ghly 9 a l9e1  & :o
 d n move 9 any p>ticul> move1 !re may  
be "o 7ord9>y7  %ot tak5 ) a #d'g gun4  
,x may be fir$ f any conv5i5t position  
beh9d ! r[ ( five m51 s long z ! %ot    
passes r\ghly ov] !  head ( ! middle man
 ( ! five4    ,( c\rse1 :ile 9 ,little  
,w>s !re are only ?ree or f\r play]s1  9
 any prop] ,kriegspiel ! game w g on ov]
 a l>g] area--9  a drill-hall or "s su* 
place--& ea* arm & s]vice w be  entru/$ 
to a p>ticul> play]4 ,?is p]mits all    
sorts ( complicat$  imitations ( reality
 t are impossible to our p>l\r &        
playroom  ,little ,w>s4 ,we c consid]   
transport1 supply1 ammunition1 & !      
moral effect ( cavalry impact1 & (      
uphill & d[nhill movem5ts4  ,we c also  

br+ 9 ! spade & entr5*m5t1 & give scope 
to  ! ,royal ,eng9e]s4 ,b be=e ,i write 
any?+ ( ,colonel ,sykes'  sugge/ions    
ab\t ^!1 let me say a ^w or two ab\t    
,kriegspiel  c\ntry4    ,! c\ntry =     
,kriegspiel %\ld be made up1 ,i ?9k1 (  
heavy blocks  or boxes ( wood ab\t #c x 
#c x #a_/b feet1 & curv$ pieces 7) a    
r\nd$ outl9e & a *ord ( ?ree feet1 or   
%ap$ l "r-angl$  triangles ) an incurv$ 
hypot5use & two /raight sides ( #c feet7
  c easily be contriv$ to r\nd (f corn]s
 & sali5t angles4 ,^!  blocks c be bor$ 
to take trees1 etc41 exactly z ! bo>ds 9
 ,little  ,w>s are bor$1 & ) !m a v     
passable model ( any p>ticul>  c\ntry c 
be built up f a cont\r$ ,ordnance map4  
,h\ses may be  made v *eaply by %ap+ a  
long piece ( wood into a h\se-l  section
 & saw+ x up4 ,!re w always be someone  
:o w t\* up  & pa9t & /ick w9d[s on to &
 g5]ally adorn & individualise  su*     
h\ses1 :i* are1 ( c\rse1 ! /abl] !      
heavi] ! wood us$4  ,! re/ ( ! c\ntry z 
9 ,little ,w>s4    ,^u su* a c\ntry a   

,kriegspiel c\ld be play$ ) rules ^u  ! 
l9es ( ! foll[+ sket* rules1 :i* are !  
result ( a  discussion betwe5 ,colonel  
,sykes & myself1 & 9 :i* mo/ ( !  new   
ideas are to be ascrib$ to ,colonel     
,sykes4 ,we pr(f] !m1 n z  a f9i%$ set (
 rules1 b z mat]ial = anyone :o *ooses  
to "w  ov] !m1 9 ! elaboration ( :at we 
believe w be a f> m  excit+ & edify+    
,kriegspiel ?an any t exi/s at ! pres5t 
"t4 ,! game may be play$ by any numb] ( 
play]s1 accord+ to !  =ces engag$ & !   
size ( ! c\ntry available4 ,ea* side w  
be  "u ! supreme comm& ( a ,g5]al1 :o w 
be repres5t$ by a  cavalry soldi]4 ,!   
play] :o is ,g5]al mu/ /& at or beh9d 8 
repres5tative image & )9 six feet ( x4  
,8 signall+ w be  suppos$ to be p]fect1 
& he w communicate ) 8 subord9ates  by  
%\t1 :isp]1 or note1 z he ?9ks fit4 ,i  
sugge/ he %\ld be  consid]$ invuln]able1
 b ,colonel ,sykes has propos$          
arrangem5ts  = 8 disablem5t4 ,he w\ld h 
x t if ! ,g5]al falls )9  ! zone (      
de/ruction ( a %ell he mu/ g out ( !    

room = ?ree  moves 7injur$72 & t if he  
is hit by rifle-fire or captur$ he  %all
 quit ! game1 & be succe$$ by 8 next    
subord9ate4      ,n[ z to ! ,moves4     
,x is sugge/$ t3    ,infantry %all move 
"o foot4    ,cavalry %all move ?ree     
feet4      ,! above moves are increas$  
by "o half = troops 9 twos      or f\rs 
on a road4    ,royal ,eng9e]s %all move 
two feet4    ,royal ,artill]y %all move 
two feet4    ,transport & ,supply %all  
move "o foot on roads1 half foot        
across c\ntry4    ,! ,g5]al %all move   
six feet 7p] motor71 ?ree feet across   
c\ntry4    ,boats %all move "o foot4    
,9 mov+ uphill1 "o cont\r c\nts z "o    
foot2 d[nhill1 two    cont\rs c\nt z "o 
foot4 ,:]e !re are f\r cont\rs to "o    
foot v]tical ! hill is impassable =     
:eels unless !re is a road4             
,infantry4    ,to pass a =dable riv]  "o
 move4    ,to *ange f f\rs to two ranks 
half a move4    ,to *ange f two ranks to
 ext5sion  half a move4    ,to emb>k    
into boats  two moves = e tw5ty m5      

emb>k$ at any po9t4    ,to disemb>k  "o 
move = e tw5ty m54    ,cavalry4    ,to  
pass a =dable riv]  "o move4    ,to     
*ange =mation  half a move4    ,to m\nt 
"o move4    ,to dism\nt  "o move4       
,artill]y4    ,to unlimb] guns  half a  
move4    ,to limb] up guns  half a move4
    ,riv]s are impassable to guns4      
,,nei!r ,,infantry1 ,,cavalry1 ,,nor    
,,artill]y ,,c ,,fire ,,& ,,move ,,9    
,,"o ,,move4    ,royal ,eng9e]s4    ,no 
repairs c be comm5c$1 no de/ructions c  
be begun1      dur+ a move 9 :i* ,r4,e4 
h *ang$ position4    ,riv]s impassable4 
,transport & ,supply4    ,no supplies or
 /ores c be deliv]$ dur+ a move if ,t4 &
 ,s4      h mov$4    ,riv]s impassable4 
,next z to ,supply 9 ! ,field3    ,all  
troops mu/ be kept suppli$ ) food1      
ammunition1 & =age4 ,!  play]s mu/ give 
up1 e six moves1 "o packet ( food p]    
?irty  m52 "o packet ( =age p] six      
horses2 "o packet ( ammunition p]  ?irty
 infantry :i* fire = six consecutive    
moves4    ,^! supplies1 at ! "t :5 !y   

are giv5 up1 mu/ be )9 six  feet ( !    
infantry !y belong to & eighte5 feet ( !
 cavalry4    ,isolat$ bodies ( less ?an 
?irty infantry require no supplies--a   
body is isolat$ if x is m ?an twelve    
feet (f ano!r body4 ,9  calculat+       
supplies = infantry ! fractions ei!r    
c\nt z ?irty  if fifte5 or ov]1 or z    
no?+ if less ?an fifte54 ,?us =ty-six   
infantry require two packets ( food or  
ammunition2 =ty-f\r infantry  require "o
 packet ( food4    ,n4,b4--,supplies are
 n effective if enemy is betwe5 supplies
 & troops  !y belong to4    ,m5 surr\nd$
 & besieg$ mu/ be victuall$ at ! foll[+ 
rate3--    ,"o packet food = e ?irty m5 
= e six moves4    ,"o packet =age e six 
horses = e six moves4    ,9 ! ev5t (    
supplies fail+1 horses may take ! place 
( food1 b  n ( c\rse ( =age2 "o horse to
 equal "o packet4    ,9 ! ev5t (        
supplies fail+1 ! foll[+ consequ5ces    
ensue3--    ,infantry )\t ammunition _c 
fire 7guns are suppos$ to h  unlimit$   
ammunition ) !m74    ,infantry1 cavalry1

 ,r4,a41 & ,r4,e4 _c move )\t supply--if
  supplies are n provid$ )9 six         
consecutive moves1 !y are out  ( action4
    ,a =ce surr\nd$ mu/ surr5d] f\r     
moves aft] eat+ its la/  horse4      ,n[
 z to ,de/ructions3    ,to de/roy a     
railway bridge ,r4,e4 take two moves2 to
 repair1 ,r4,e4 take  t5 moves4    ,to  
de/roy a railway culv]t ,r4,e4 take "o  
move2 to repair ,r4,e4 take  five moves4
 ,to de/roy a riv] road bridge ,r4,e4   
take "o move2 to  repair1 ,r4,e4 take   
five moves4    ,a supply depot c be     
de/roy$ by "o man 9 two moves1 no matt] 
h[  l>ge 7by fire74    ,f\r m5 c de/roy 
! cont5ts ( six waggons 9 "o move4    ,a
 contact m9e c be plac$ on a road or 9  
any place by two m5 9 six  moves2 x w be
 explod$ by ! fir/ pieces pass+ ov] x1 &
 w  de/roy ev]y?+ )9 six in*es radius499
      ,next z to ,con/ructions3         
,entr5*m5ts c be made by infantry 9 f\r 
moves499 ,!y are to be  /rips ( wood two
 in*es high tack$ to ! c\ntry1 or wood5 
bricks  two in*es high4 ,two m5 may make

 an in* ( entr5*m5t4    ,epaulem5ts =   
guns may be con/ruct$ at ! rate ( six m5
 to "o  epaulem5t 9 f\r moves499    99  
,notice to be giv5 to umpire (          
comm5cem5t ( any "w or !  plac+ ( a m9e4
 ,9 ev5t ( no umpire be+ available1 a   
fold$  note mu/ be put on ! mantelpiece 
:5 entr5*m5t is comm5c$1  & oppon5t ask$
 to op5 x :5 ! tr5* is complet$ or !    
m9e explod$4      ,rules z to ,cavalry  
,*>g+3    ,no body ( less ?an eight     
cavalry may *>ge1 & !y mu/ *>ge 9  prop]
 =mation4    ,if cavalry *>ges infantry 
9 ext5d$ ord]--    ,if ! *>ge />ts at a 
di/ance ( m ?an two feet1 ! cavalry     
loses "o man = e five infantry-m5 *>g$1 
& ! infantry  loses "o man = ea* sabre  
*>g+4    ,at less ?an two feet & m ?an  
"o foot1 ! cavalry loses "o man  = e t5 
*>g$1 & ! infantry two m5 = ea* sabre   
*>g+4    ,at less ?an "o foot1 ! cavalry
 loses "o man = e fifte5  *>g$1 & !     
infantry ?ree m5 = ea* sabre *>g+4      
,if cavalry *>ges infantry 9 close ord]1
 ! result is rev]s$4    ,?us at m ?an   

two feet "o infantry-man kills ?ree     
cavalry-m51  & fifte5 cavalry-m5 "o     
infantry-man4    ,at m ?an "o foot "o   
infantry-man kills two cavalry1 & t5    
cavalry "o infantry4    ,at less ?an "o 
foot "o infantry-man kills "o cavalry1 &
 five  cavalry "o infantry4    ,h[ev]1  
infantry t h be5 *>g$ 9 close ord] are  
immobile  = ! subsequ5t move4           
,infantry *>g$ 9 ext5d$ ord] mu/ on !   
next move retire "o  foot2 !y c be *>g$ 
aga94    ,if cavalry *>ges cavalry3--   
,if cavalry is )9 *>g+ di/ance ( !      
enemy's cavalry at ! end  ( ! enemy's   
move1 x mu/ d "o ( ?ree ?+s--dism\nt1   
*>ge1  or retire4 ,if x rema9s /ation>y 
& m\nt$ & ! enemy *>ges1  "o *>g+ sabre 
w kill five /ation>y sabres & put fifte5
  o!rs ?ree feet to ! re>4    ,dism\nt$ 
cavalry *>g$ is equival5t to infantry 9 
ext5d$ ord]4    ,if cavalry *>ges       
cavalry & ! numb]s are equal & ! gr\nd  
level1 ! result mu/ be decid$ by ! toss 
( a co92 ! los]  los+ ?ree-qu>t]s ( 8 m5
 & oblig$ to retire1 ! w9n]  los+       

"o-qu>t] ( 8 m54    ,if ! numb]s are    
unequal1 ! melee rules = ,little ,w>s   
obta9 if  ! gr\nd is level4    ,if !    
gr\nd slopes1 ! cavalry *>g+ d[nhill w  
be multipli$  accord+ to ! numb] (      
cont\rs cross$4 ,if x is "o cont\r1 x   
mu/ be multipli$ by two2 two cont\rs1   
multipli$ by ?ree2 ?ree  cont\rs1       
multipli$ by f\r4    ,if cavalry retires
 be=e cavalry in/ead ( accept+ a *>ge1 x
 mu/  cont9ue to retire s long z x is   
pursu$--! pursu]s c only be  arre/$ by  
fre% cavalry or by infantry or artill]y 
fire4    ,if driv5 (f ! field or into an
 un=dable riv]1 ! retreat+  body is     
de/roy$4    ,if infantry f9d ho/ile     
cavalry )9 *>g+ di/ance at ! end  ( !   
enemy's move1 & ?is infantry retires &  
yet is /ill )9  *>g+ di/ance1 x w       
receive d\ble losses if 9 ext5d$ ord] if
  *>g$2 & if 9 two ranks or 9 f\rs1 w   
lose at ?ree feet two  m5 = ea* *>g+    
sabre2 at two feet1 ?ree m5 = ea* *>g+  
sabre4 ,! cavalry 9 ^! circum/ances w   
lose no?+4 ,!  infantry w h to cont9ue  

to retire until _! torm5tors h          
ext]m9at$ !m or be5 driv5 (f by someone 
else4    ,if cavalry *>ges artill]y & is
 n dealt ) by o!r =ces1 "o  gun is      
captur$ ) a loss to ! cavalry ( f\r m5  
p] gun = a  *>ge at ?ree feet1 ?ree m5  
at two feet1 & "o man at "o foot4    ,if
 artill]y retires be=e cavalry :5       
cavalry is )9 *>g+  di/ance1 x mu/      
cont9ue to retire s long z ! cavalry    
pursues4      ,! introduction ( toy     
railway tra9s1 mov+1 let u say1 eight   
feet  p] move1 ^u toy rails1 ne$s rules 
z to entra9+ & detra9+  & s =?1 t w be q
 easily work$ out ^u ! model (  boat    
emb>kation "h giv54 ,an eng9e or truck  
)9 ! circle (  de/ruction ( a %ell w be 
( c\rse de/roy$4    ,! toy soldi]s us$ 9
 ?is ,kriegspiel %\ld n be ! l>ge       
soldi]s us$ 9 ,little ,w>s4 ,! ,briti%  
manufactur]s :o turn out  ^! also make a
 small]1 *eap] type ( man--! infantry   
ab\t an  in* high--:i* is bett] adapt$  
to ,kriegspiel purposes4    ,we hope1 if
 ^! sugge/ions cat* on1 to induce !m to 

manufacture  a type ( soldi] m exactly  
suit$ to ! ne$s ( ! game1  includ+ tray 
c>ri]s = troops 9 =mation & 7:at is at  
pres5t  n atta9able7 dism\ntable cavalry
 t w /&4    ,we place ?is r\gh sket* ( a
 ,kriegspiel entirely at ! disposal (   
any milit>y m5 ^: ne$s & opportunities  
enable !m to "w x  out & make x into an 
exact] & m reali/ic game4 ,9 do+ s1 we  
?9k !y w f9d x advisable to d _! utmo/  
to make ! game  "w itself1 & to keep !  
ne$ = umpire's decisions at a m9imum4   
,:5ev] possible1 dea? %\ld be by actual 
gun- & rifle-fire & n  by computation4  
,?+s %\ld happ51 & n be decid$4 ,we w\ld
 also  l to insi/ ^u ! absolute ne$ ( an
 (ficial ^u ei!r side1  simply to wat* &
 measure ! moves tak51 & to collect &   
*eck  ! am\nts ( supply & ammunition    
giv5 up4 ,?is is a game l real  w>1     
play$ aga9/ "t1 & play$ "u circum/ances 
( consid]able  excitem5t1 & x is        
rem>kable h[ ela/ic ! measurem5ts ( q   
hone/ & hon\rable m5 c become4    ,we   
believe t ! ne>] t ,kriegspiel approa*es

 to an actual  small model ( w>1 n only 
9 its appe>ance b 9 its emotional  &    
intellectual te/s1 ! bett] x w s]ve its 
purpose ( trial  & education4