,increas+ ,p]sonal ,effici5cy           
,wom5                                   
,musical ,culture                       
,oratory                                
,self ,help                             
,"s ,advice to ,"y ,m5                  
,by ,,russell ,h4 ,,conwell             
,,volume #e       ,,national            
,,ext5sion ,,univ]sity     #eig ,fif?   
,av5ue1 ,new ,york                      
,,obs]vation--,,e ,,man ,,8 ,,own       
,,univ]sity      ,copyright1 #aiag1 by  
,h>p]  ,bro!rs     ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$    
,/ates ( ,am]ica     ,increas+ ,p]sonal 
,effici5cy     ,i  ,,wom5   ,"s wom5 may
 be sup]ficial 9 education &            
accompli%m5ts1 extravagant 9 ta/es1     
conspicu\s 9 app>el1 some?+ m ?an       
self-assur$ 9 be>+1 devot$ to           
trivialities1 incl9$ to frequ5t public  
places4 ,x is1 nev]!less1 n )\t cause t 
art has always %[n ! virtues 9 woman's  
dress1 & t true lit]ature teems )       
eloqu5t tributes & ideal pictures ( true
 womanhood--f ,hom]'s ,&roma*e to       

,scott's ,ell5 ,d\glas1 & f>!r4 ,:ile   
,%akespe>e _h no h]oes1 all 8 wom5      
except ,ophelia are h]o9es1 ev5 if ,lady
 ,macbe?1 ,regan1 & ,gon]il are hide\sly
 wick$4 ,9 ! moral _w1 wom5 are :at     
fl[]s & fruit are 9 ! physical4 ,! s\l's
 armor is nev] well set to ! he>t until 
woman's h& has brac$ x2 & x is only :5  
%e braces x loosely t ! honor ( manhood 
fails4  ,m5 w ma9ly be :at wom5 make !m1
 & !re c nev] be entirely free m5 until 
!re are entirely free wom5 ) no special 
privileges1 b ) all h] rights4 ,! wife  
makes ! home1 ! "m makes ! man1 & %e is 
! creator ( joy\s boyhood & h]oic       
manhood2 :5 wom5 fulfil _! div9e        
mission1 all re=m societies w die1      
brutes w become m51 & m5 %all be div9e4 
,!re are unk9d ?+s said ( h] 9 ! *eap]  
writ+s ( to-day--p]haps because _!      
au?ors h se5 h] only 9 bo>d+-h\ses1     
re/aurants1 !at]s1 dance-halls1 & at    
c>d-p>ties2 & ! poor1 degrad$ /age ) its
 w>p$ mirror %[s h] up to ! ridicule ( !
 *eap] brood4 ,! greate/ writ+s & !     

greate/ dramas ( all "t h m ?an         
comp5sat$ = all ?is indignity1 & we h   
only to read deep into ! great lit]ature
 to be disillusion$ ( any vulg>         
e/imations ( womanhood1 & to und]/& !   
beauty & p[] ( s\l ( e woman :o is true 
to ! royalty ( womanhood4  ,!re are few 
sur] te/s ( a manly "* ?an ! e/imation  
he has ( wom51 & x is notewor?y t ! m5  
:o /& highe/ 9 ! e/eem ( bo? m5 & wom5  
are always m5 ) wor?y ideas ( womanhood1
 & ) praisewor?y ideals = _! mo!rs1     
si/]s1 wives1 & daught]s4 ,z m5 s9k 9   
self-respect & moral wor?1 _! e/eem (   
womanhood l[]s4 ,! wom5 :o become ! !me 
= poets & philosoph]s & high-class      
playwrights are ! wom5 :o h be5 br$     
ma9ly 9 ! home4 ,!y seem )\t exception  
to abhor ?rongs1 & only /]n necessity c 
induce !m to appe> 9 !m2 ! mo!rly1      
matronly1 & filial graces appeal /rongly
 to !m--su* z are portray$ 9 ,cornelia1 
,portia1 & ,cordelia4 ,!y may ye>n =    
society1 b x is ! be/ society--= ! wom5 
^: beauty & sweetness & dignity & high  

accompli%m5ts & grace make u und]/& !   
,greek my?ology1 & = ! m5 :o mold ! "t1 
:o refre% our fai? 9 h]oism & virtue1 :o
 make ,plato & ,z5o & ,%akespe>e & all  
,%akespe>e's g5tlem5 possible aga94  ,if
 !re is any inf]iority 9 wom51 x is !   
result ( environm5t & ( lack (          
opportunity--nev] f lack ( intellig5ce &
 o!r s\l-p[]s4 ,!re is no sex 9         
spiritual end[m5ts1 & woman seems       
entitl$ to all ! rights ( man--plus ! "r
 ( protection4 ,rusk9 says1 ,we are     
fooli% )\t excuse 9 talk+ ( ! sup]iority
 ( "o sex ov] ! o!r2 ea* has attributes 
! o!r has n1 ea* is complet$ by ! o!r1 &
 ! happ9ess ( bo? dep5ds ^u ea* seek+ & 
receiv+ f ! o!r :at ! o!r c alone give4 
,9 speak+ ( ! "t :5 p]fect manhood &    
p]fect womanhood has come1 ,t5nyson says
 9 ,! ,pr9cess3      ,yet 9 ! long ye>s 
lik] mu/ !y gr[3     ,! man be m (      
woman1 %e ( man2     ,he ga9 9 sweetness
 & 9 moral height1     ,nor lose !      
wre/l+ !ws t ?r[ ! _w2     ,%e m5tal    
bread?1 nor fail 9 *ildw>d c>e1     ,nor

 lose ! *ildlike 9 ! l>g] m9d4  ,home is
 ! true sph]e = woman2 h] be/ "w =      
humanity has always be5 done !re1 or has
 _h its fir/ impulse f )9 ^? f\r walls4 
,x 0 home ) all its duties t made !     
,roman matron ,cornelia ! type ( ! l(ty 
woman ( ! _w & ! wor?y "m4 ,:ile x end[$
 h] ) ! p[] to raise two sons z wor?y z 
any kn[n to hi/ory1 :o sacrific$ _!     
lives 9 def5se ( ! ,roman poor1 x also  
end[$ h] ) c\rage to say to ! second (  
h] sons :5 he 0 leav+ h] = ! battle :i* 
br\ght 8 dea?1 ,my son1 see t ?\        
returne/ ) ?y %ield or on x4 ,napoleon  
claim$ t x 0 ! wom5 ( ,france :o caus$ !
 loss at ,wat]loo1 n its m54  ,man's    
intellect is = speculation & inv5tion1 &
 8 en]gy is = j w> & j conque/2 woman's 
intellect is = sweet ord]+1 arrangem5t1 
& decision2 h] en]gy is n = battle1 b = 
rule4 ,app>5tly rely+ ^u man's          
magnanimity n to res5t h] abdicat+ h]   
home1 woman's exig5cies--& p]haps h]    
ambitions--h =c$ h] m & m dur+ ! pa/    
fifty ye>s into man's doma9s (          

speculation & en]gy--p]haps into "s w> &
 "s conque/4 ,! ev]-increas+ dem& = h] 9
 ^! man-realms :i* %e has invad$ or into
 :i* %e has intrud$ h]self is abundant  
evid5ce t %e has cr$itably acquitt$     
h]self 9 ! bett]m5t ( bus9ess1          
education1 & lit]ature1 z well z 9 !    
numb]less ?+s :i* %e has inv5t$ to add  
beauty & com=t to ! home1 & to remove   
mu* ( ! bitt] drudg]y f h\se & (fice1 & 
to promote ! heal? & happ9ess (         
millions4 ,all ^! helps %e has giv51 ev5
 if %e has und\bt$ly lo/ "s ( ! graces  
:i* h always made s lovable ! woman (   
:om ,&roma*e1 ,portia1 & ,cordelia are b
 types4  ,al?\gh matrimony & mo!rhood 7 
! fir/ conditions ( wom5 & only         
conditions t poets s+ ab\t & philosoph]s
 write ab\t1 & al?\gh ^! are /ill !     
conditions :]e %e is do+ h] l>ge/ &     
noble/ "w 9 humaniz+1 yet h] prop] sph]e
 is z man's1 :]ev] %e c live nobly & "w 
nobly4 ,h[ _m myriads 9 ?is c\ntry alone
 are drudg+ or almo/ drudg+ 9 %ops &    
(fices to relieve ! too /]n pressure (  

pa9 or pov]ty f "s "o :o is de> to !m1  
yet are do+ x unselfi%ly & uncompla9+ly6
 ,a "y woman lately told me t %e _h =   
sev]al ye>s be5 employ$ to int]view wom5
 applicants = positions2 t dur+ ^! ye>s 
%e _h int]view$ scores ( wom5 daily1 &  
_h le>n$ mu* ( _! private lives2 t      
al?\gh ! majority 7 work+ p>tly or      
entirely to ma9ta9 o!rs1 yet _h %e nev] 
he>d "o compla9t ( ! sacrifices ?is     
s]vice involv$4 ,hundr$s ( o!r wom51 l  
,george ,eliot1 ,*>lotte ,bronte & ,hel5
 ,hunt w long cont9ue to br+ pleasure & 
pr(it to millions ?r\gh _! writ+s4  ,x  
is wom51 too1 ^: inv5tions h n only     
light5$ dome/ic "w & bright5$ ! home1 b 
also h s f> remov$ ! mod]n s*oolroom f !
 little r$ s*oolh\se ( long ago2 & x is 
wom5 :o h improv$ ! books & ! /udies =  
*ildr54 ,!y seem to h ent]$ almo/ e     
activity outside ( ! home1 & _! f9] p[]s
 ( obs]vation1 aid$ by _! innate love ( 
! beautiful & ! practicality !y h le>n$ 
:ile 9 s]vice1 seem ma9ly to h bett]$   
conditions = wage-e>n]s z well z = home 

& *ildhood4 ,?9k ( ! ?\s&s ^u ?\s&s 9   
?is l& ^: "w ) ! small] *ildr5 ( ! s*ool
 c\ld nev] be s well done by m56 ,?9k ( 
! s]vice daily r5d]$ by wom5 outside !  
home1 & picture ! confusion t w\ld n[   
arise if all ^! rema9$ at home1 ev5 = "o
 week6  ,z a class1 wom5 d n speak s    
well z m51 b !y excel him z a talk]4 ,9 
tru? x is less difficult = !m to talk   
little1 ?an to talk well4 ,somebody has 
said t !re is no?+ a woman _c endure if 
%e c only talk4 ,x is ! woman :o is     
orda9$ to tea* talk+ to infancy4 ,^? :o 
see %ort di/ances see cle>ly1 :i*       
probably acc\nts = woman's be+ able to  
see into & ?r\gh "* s mu* bett] ?an m54 
,a man admires a woman :o is wor?y (    
admiration4 ,z dignity is a man's       
quality1 lovel9ess is a woman's2 h] he>t
 is love's favorite seat2 wom5 :o are   
loyal to _! womanhood c ev] influ5ce !  
gn>lie/ he>ts4 ,!y g f>!r 9 love ?an m51
 b m5 g f>!r 9 fri5d%ip ?an wom54 ,wom5 
m\rn = ! lo/ love1 says ,dr4 ,br9ton1 m5
 m\rn = ! lo/ lov$-"o4 ,a woman's love  

consoles2 a man's fri5d%ip supports4    
,:at a real man mo/ desires 9 a woman is
 womanhood4 ,z e woman despises a       
womani% man1 s e man despises a manni%  
woman4  ,m5 are m s9c]e ) ! wom5 ( mo/  
culture1 al?\gh m]e bra9-wom5 nev]      
please !m s mu* z he>t-wom54 ,m5 feel t 
x is ! exceptional woman :o %\ld h      
exceptional rights2 b !y scorn wom5 ^:  
s\l has %runk into m]e intellect1 & a   
godless woman is a supreme horror to !m4
 ,:5 to h] womanly attributes %e adds ! 
lady's attributes ( v]acity1 delicate   
honor1 def]5ce1 & ref9em5t1 %e becomes a
 high s*ool ( polit5ess = all :o "k h]4 
,true wom51 says ,*>les ,reade1 are n   
too high to use _! arms1 nor too l[ to  
cultivate _! m9ds1 b ,ham]ton believes t
 h] greate/ negative quality is1 t %e   
does n ( h] own =ce pu% =w>d            
intellectually2 t %e ne$s wat*ful       
mascul9e influ5ce = ?is4 ,x is claim$ t 
s+le wom5 are ma9ly be/ com=t]s1 be/    
sympa?iz]s1 be/ nurses1 be/ companions4 
,dean ,swift says3 ,s _m m>riages prove 

unhappy because s _m "y wom5 sp5d _! "t 
9 mak+ nets1 n 9 mak+ cages4 ,p]haps ?is
 is :y !y say t1 9 *oos+ a wife1 ! e> is
 a saf] guide ?an ! eye4 ,! gifts a     
g5tlewoman seeks are pack$ & lock$ up 9 
a manly he>t4 ,)\t a woman's love1 a    
man's s\l is )\t its g>d54 ,he is       
happie/ 9 m>riage :o selects z 8 wife ! 
woman he w\ld h *os5 z 8                
bosom-companion1 a happy m>riage dem&s a
 s\l-mate z = z a h\se-mate or a        
yoke-mate4 ,spald+ says t x is d\btful  
:e!r a woman %\ld ev] m>ry :o _c s+ &   
does n love poetry4 ,! conceptions ( a  
wife diff]4 ,:5 ! ,celt m>ri$1 he put   
necklace & bracelets ^u 8 wife2 :5 !    
,teuton m>ri$1 he gave 8 wife a horse1  
an ox1 a spe>1 & a %ield4 ,a true wife  
delights bo? s5se & s\l2 ) h]1 a man    
unfolds a m9e ( gold4 ,l a good w9e1 !  
happie/ m>riages take ye>s to atta9     
p]fection1 & ,ham]ton says t m>riage is 
a long1 sl[ int]gr[?1 l t ( two trees   
closely plant$ 9 a =e/4 ,! m>riage ( a  
deaf man & a bl9d woman is always happy2

 b ?is does n imply t conjugal happ9ess 
is atta9$ only "u ^! conditions4 ,!     
greate/ m]it ( _m a man is 8 wife1 b no 
real woman ev] we>s h] husb& z h]       
app5dage4  ,mat]nity is ! lovelie/ ^w 9 
! language1 & e wor?y "m is an          
ari/ocrat4 ,mo!rs are ! *ief requisites 
( all educational sy/ems1 & ! h& t rocks
 ! cradle rules ! _w4 ,! home has always
 be5 ! be/ s*ool 9 ! _w1 & no?+ else t  
is kn[n to education c ev] sup]s$e x4 ,!
 cradle is ! fir/ room 9 ! s*ool ( life1
 & :at is le>n$ !re la/s to ! grave4    
,de>? ( real mo!rs is responsible = de>?
 ( real education4 ,ea* boy & ea* man is
 :at 8 "m has made him1 & e wor?y "m    
re>s h] *ildr5 to /& ^u _! own two feet1
 & to d )\t h]4  ,:ile a ?\ghtful wife &
 "m is busi$ ) ! affairs ( home1 %e is  
nev] done ) h] intellectual education1 =
 %e realizes e>ly 9 h] c>e] t a "m loses
 half h] influ5ce ) h] *ildr5 :5 %e     
ceases to be _! intellectual sup]ior4   
,wom5 are f> m obs]vant ( little ?+s ?an
 m51 & ! greate/ among !m h m>vel\s p[]s

 ( obs]vation4 ,x is ?is p[] t made     
,mrs4 ,glad/one & ,mrs4 ,disraeli !     
/urdy helpmates !y 7 to _! husb&s 9 all 
_! try+ c>es ( gov]nm5t4 ,x is said (   
,glad/one t x 0 n unusual = him to      
adj\rn a ,cab9et meet+ ?r\gh a desire to
 consult ) ,ca!r9e4 ,_h !re n be5 l>ge  
p[] ( obs]vation1 we %\ld nev] h _h !   
works ( ,george ,eliot1 ,*>lotte        
,bronte1 ,jane ,au/91 ,hel5 ,hunt1 & all
 ! o!r notable wom5 creators ( fiction4 
,*>lotte ,cu%man 0 ! greate/ actress    
,am]ica has ev] produc$ because h]      
obs]vation 0 s close t n ! smalle/      
detail ( ! "* %e play$ escap$ h] or 0   
neglect$4 ,! beautify+ ( ,a!ns owes its 
inception to ,aspasia r ?an to ,p]icles4
     ,,ii  ,,musical ,,culture   ,( all 
! arts1 none is m difficult to def9e ?an
 music4 ,no two p]sons seem to agree z  
to :at x is1 & a h>% s\nd to "o is (t5  
sweet music to ano!r4 ,:5 music is      
controll$ by ^? :o use c>efully _! p[]s 
( obs]vation1 x w be va/ly m useful to  
mank9d4 ,! ne$ ( music 9 ! advancem5t ( 

humanity x too app>5t to admit (        
discussion4 ,f ! ,greek in/rum5t ) "o   
/r+ d[n to ! wond]ful pipe-organ1 music 
has be5 int5sely attractive & m>vel\sly 
helpful1 & = ! good ( ! human family4   
,no art or sci5ce ne$s m to be develop$ 
to-day ?an t ( music4 ,its influ5ce on  
s\l & body has be5 notic$ & advanc$ by  
"s ( ! greate/ ?9k]s ( anci5t & mod]n   
times1 !re=e x is n necess>y to discuss 
! supreme ne$ = real music to br+ into  
h>mony motives & movem5ts = good4 ,:5 we
 duly consid] ! subject ( music1 & ask  
:]e we %all f9d ! great musicians :o are
 to-day s mu* 9 dem&1 we feel t _m      
s-call$ s*ools ( music are (t5 m        
mislead+ ?an in/ructive1 & t !y foll[   
fa%ions t are f> m unreasonable ?an !   
fa%ions ( dress4  ,! art ( music ne$s   
philosophic /udy1 & x %\ld be begun ) a 
f> bett] und]/&+ ( ! _m causes :i*      
contribute to its composition4 ,! s++ ( 
birds is lit]ally "o ( ! mo/ discordant 
expressions ( s\nd4 ,inde$1 ! tones ( ! 
night+ale & ! mead[-l>k are only %rill  

:i/les :5 !y are consid]$ ) ref]5ce only
 to ! tones ( _! voice1 yet !y furni% ! 
ideal ( "s ( ! ri*e/ music to :i* ! e>  
has ev] li/5$1 be+ "o "p ( ! delicate   
or*e/ra ( nature4 ,! l[+ ( ! c[1 ! bell[
 ( ! bull1 ! b>k ( an angry dog e*o+    
among ! hills at ev5tide1 comb9$ ) s _m 
o!r diff]5t s\nds & impressions1 has    
become entic+ly sweet to ! p5sive li/5]4
 ,! insect-*oir ( night has z mu* ( !   
calm+ & ref9+ influ5ces z ! bird-*oir ( 
! morn+4  ,real music requires n only t 
! tones %\ld be cle> & resonant1 b t !y 
%\ld be utt]$ amid h>moni\s surr\nd+s4  
,dixie & ,yankee ,doodle1 sung ) a banjo
 accompanim5t on a lawn 9 ! ev5+1       
surr\nd$ by gay companions1 may be ! mo/
 delightful music1 :i* w />t ! blood    
c\rs+ or re/ ! di/urb$ m9d1 b x w\ld n  
be call$ music if sung at a fun]al4 ,i  
,"k ,t ,my ,r$eem] ,live? is glori\s    
music :5 x is sung 9 a great ca!dral1 ) 
e*oes f its %ad[y ar*es & ! dim light ( 
its /a9$-glass w9d[s4 ,b ! same solo    
w\ld be 9 awful discord ) a ballroom    

jig4  ,h>moni\s circum/ances &          
appropriate environm5t are z ess5tial = 
p]fect effects 9 music z is ! concord ( 
sweet s\nds4 ,! fooli% idea t music     
consi/s 9 scream+ up to ! highe/ ,c &   
gr[l+ d[n to ! l[e/ ,b has misl$ _m an  
amateur1 & de/roy$ h] helpfulness to a  
_w t has f> too mu* mis]y & f> too      
little ( ! joy t comes f a sweet-voic$  
song/]4 ,! beg9n] 9 voice culture :o    
attempts to wiggle h] voice l a hir$    
m\rn]1 & ) h] tremul\s effects sets !   
tee? ( h] audi5ce on edge1 has surely   
be5 misl$ into d>ke/ delusion z to      
music1 & w soon be lo/ amid ! ?rong (   
vocal failures4 ,extremi/s are out (    
place any:]e1 b ! myriads ( !m 9 !      
musical _w make humanity %udd]4  ,:at is
 ne$$ 9 music to-day m ?an any?+ else is
 a /&>d ( musical culture :i* %all dem& 
c>eful discipl9e 9 all ! influ5ces t    
contribute to good music4 ,true music is
 ! music t always produces b5ign        
effects1 ! music t holds ! att5tion ( ! 
auditor & p]man5tly influ5ces him to    

nobl] ?\ght1 feel+1 & action4 ,^?       
l>ge-he>t$1 arti/ic-s\l$ m5 & wom5 :o   
are capable ( int]pret+ into feel+ :at  
!y h he>d f voice or in/rum5t mu/ be !  
f9al c\rt ( appeal4 ,a trapeze p]=mance 
9 ac\/ics is n music4  ,x has be5       
frequ5tly %[n t music is pot5t 9 its    
effects ^u ! body z well z ^u ! s\l4 ,9 
#aija1 a notable illu/ration ( ! p[] (  
music ov] disease 0 giv5 at ! ,sam>itan 
,hospital1 connect$ ) ,temple ,univ]sity
 9 ,philadelphia1 al?\gh ! exp]im5ts 7  
made "u disadvantage\s circum/ances &   
environm5t4 ,! pati5ts 7 in=m$ :at !    
physicians 7 endeavor+ to d1 & ! ef=ts (
 ! fir/ few mon?s 7 wa/$ = ! mo/ "p4 ,_m
 ( ! pati5ts :o 7 plac$ "u ! influ5ce ( 
! music grew confid5t t !y 7 go+ to be  
cur$4 ,:ile ! recov]y ( "s seem$        
miracul\s1 ^? :o conduct$ ! exp]im5ts   
felt t ! heal+ might be l>gely due to ! 
influ5ce ( ! m9d & n directly to !      
music4 ,! matt] 0 dropp$ = sev]al mon?s1
 until ! pati5ts 7 ne>ly all new cases4 
,! doctors *>g$ ! nurses n to let !     

pati5ts "k = :at cause ! music 0 plac$ 9
 ! hospital4 ,!y elim9at$ also ! p]sonal
 influ5ce ( ! nurses z well z ! use (   
drugs at ! "t ! music 0 produc$4 ,!     
exp]im5t conv9c$ ^? :o conduct$ x t     
music has a p[]ful re/orative effect ev5
 ^u a p]son :o is suff]+ f a comb9ation 
( diseases4 ,s _m ( ! pati5ts :o recov]$
 at t "t f ! influ5ce ( ! music are     
alive & 9 good heal? to-day t common    
hone/y disposes u to conclude t !re is  
"s undiscov]$ b5efit 9 music :i* %\ld be
 imm$iately inve/igat$4 ,?is w nev] be  
atta9$ by musical faddi/s or by selfi%  
musicians :o s+ or p]=m = applause or   
money4 ,"s pla91 e day-man or woman w   
ultimately be ! apo/le ( music = ! p1 & 
! exp]im5ts at ,sam>itan ,hospital      
furni% only a sugge/ion ( ! res\rces (  
music :i* mu/ soon be kn[n to ! _w4     
,!re 0 "o pati5t 9 ! hospital :o _h lo/ 
8 memory ?r\gh s(t5+ ( ! bra94 ,he lay  
mo/ ( ! "t unconsci\s1 b occasionally   
talk$ irrationally ^u all sorts (       
subjects4 ,a qu>tet sang sev]al pieces 9

 8 w>d1 b ! nurses :o sat ^u ea* side ( 
him notic$ no effect :atev] ^u him until
 ! qu>tet sang ,my ,old ,k5tucky ,home4 
,!n 8 eyes bright5$ & he began to hum ! 
tune4 ,be=e !y _h f9i%$ ! ?ird v]se1 he 
ask$ ! nurse ab\t ! s++1 & reque/$ !    
qu>tet to repeat ! song4 ,8 intellig5ce 
seem$ completely normal = a little :ile 
aft] ! music ceas$4 ,he ask$ & answ]$   
que/ions cle>ly1 b soon relaps$ into 8  
incoh]5t talk & li/lessness4  ,:5 !     
man's lawy] he>d ( ! effects ^u !       
pati5t1 he ask$ t ! song might be sung  
:ile he 0 pres5t1 t he might !n ask !   
pati5t ab\t "s v important pap]s ( great
 value to ! pati5t's family4 ,z soon z !
 song 0 aga9 sung by ! qu>tet 8         
intellig5ce return$4 ,he in=m$ ! lawy]  
accurately z to ! bank vault 9 :i* 8 box
 0 lock$1 & told :]e he _h left ! keys 9
 a private draw] ( 8 desk4  ,al?\gh !   
effect ( ! music 0 n p]man5t z to 8     
case1 _m p]sons :o "k ( x feel t "s "t  
music may be s appli$ z p]man5tly to    
cure ev5 su* cases1 if kept up = a      

suffici5t l5g? ( "t4 ,accid5ts to !     
skull1 he>t diseases1 n]v\s exhau/ion1 &
 sp9al ailm5ts seem especially am5able  
to music4 ,two ( ! hospital cases (     
p>alysis 7 p]man5tly reliev$ by music4  
,9 "o ( ^! cases in/rum5tal music seem$ 
to produce a /rong electric effect4     
,:ile f\r viol9s 7 accompani$ by an     
organ1 ! pati5t c\ld use 8 feet & h&s1 b
 x 0 sev]al weeks be=e he c\ld walk )\t 
music4 ,9 ! o!r case1 vocal music put an
 insomnia pati5t to sleep1 b aft] sleep+
 ?r\gh ! program1 ! pati5t 0 bett]2 aft]
 a few trials he return$ home4  ,"s ( ! 
hundr$ cases exp]im5t$ ^u 7 complete    
failures4 ,b ^? conduct+ ! exp]im5ts 7  
conv9c$ t ! failure 0 attributable to ! 
fact t !y 7 unable to f9d ! "r k9d (    
music4 ,9 ! use ( religi\s selections1  
,pleyel's ,hymn made ! pati5ts ( e w>d  
worse2 b ,! ,dead ,m>* f ,saul 0 soo?+  
to typhoid pati5ts4 ,:5 ?is m>* 0 r5d]$ 
s(tly1 ! nurses discov]$ t two cases _h 
be5 s susceptible to ! influ5ces ( !    
music t ! physicians omitt$ ! usual     

treatm5t & ! pati5ts recov]$ soon] ?an  
"s o!r pati5ts :o _h ! disease 9 a less 
dang]\s =m4  ,*ildr5 7 help$ by a       
diff]5t class ( music f t us$ ) adults1 
& diff]5ce 9 sex also 0 not$4 ,mo!rs :o 
s+ to _! *ildr5 may become ! be/        
inve/igators z to ! p[] ( vocal music on
 ! heal?y developm5t ( *ildhood4  ,9 !  
,bapti/ ,temple1 ,philadelphia1 sev]al  
hymns 7 once =cefully r5d]$ by ! great  
*orus ( ! *ur* to a congregation ( ?ree 
?\s& p4 ,at ! close1 slips ( pap] 7     
pass$ to ! wor%ip]s1 & !y 7 ask$ to     
write ^u ! pap] :at ?\ghts ! music _h   
sugge/$ to !m4 ,:ile !re 0 no?+ 9 !     
an!ms sugge/ive ( y\?1 & ! burd5 ( !    
/anzas seem$ to div]t f *ildhood1 yet m 
?an half ( ! two ?\s& slips return$     
atte/$ t ! he>] _h be5 rem9d$ ( 8       
s*ooldays & ( ! games ( *ildhood2 ^!    
slips 7 collect$ be=e ! congregation _h 
"t to conf]4 ,x %[s t ! music 0 n 9     
accord ) ! words1 & t x _h great] p[] ^u
 ! m9d ?an ! words _h4 ,x proves t1 to  
produce its highe/ effects1 sacr$ music 

mu/ h>monize ) ! mean+ ( ! words & ) !  
environm5t4 ,x also %[s t ! purpose =   
:i* "o s+s is an important factor--r&om 
vocif]ations or a display ( vocal       
gymna/ics ev5 ( ! mo/ cultur$ k9d is bo?
 in>ti/ic & unmusical4  ,^! pages h be5 
writt5 to sugge/ t music is /ill ) !    
common p2 t ! future bless+s :i* mank9d 
%all d]ive f musical art & sci5ce are   
probably dep5d5t ^u "s obs]vant p]son :o
 is free f ! trammels ( misguid$ &      
misdirect$ culture1 & :o may come to x )
 an indep5d5t g5ius1 & h&le ! subject 9 
! light ( e-day common-s5se4     ,,iii  
,,oratory   ,oratory has always be5 a   
pot5t influ5ce = good4 ,! pr9t+-press ) 
its newspap]s & magaz9es & t5s ( ?\s&s (
 books has done mu* dur+ ! pa/ fifty    
ye>s to draw att5tion away f oratory4 ,!
 pr9t+-press is a huge bless+1 & has    
greatly advanc$ dur+ ^! ye>s t oratory  
has decl9$ 9 public e/eem or public     
att5tion4 ,b we are le>n+ t !re is yet  
some?+ 9 ! liv+ man1 9 8 voice & 8 mann]
 & 8 mesm]ic =ce1 :i* _c be express$    

?r\gh ! cold lead ( type4 ,h5ce ! ne$ = 
orators1 bo? m5 & wom51 has be5 /eadily 
increas+ dur+ ! pa/ few ye>s1 until !re 
seems to be a press+ dem& = ! re/oration
 ( ! sci5ce & ! art ( oratory4  ,!      
c\ntry lad or ! h>d-work+ labor] or     
me*anic :o ?9ks t public speak+ is      
beyond 8 rea* has done himself a wrong4 
,x 0 su* z !y :o (t5] ?an c be told h   
become "s ( ! greate/ orators ( hi/ory4 
,m5 :o aft]w>d became great z effective 
debat]s made _! fir/ addresses to ! c[s 
9 ! pa/ure1 to ! pigs 9 p5s1 to ! birds 
9 trees1 & to ! dog & ! cat ^u ! he>?4  
,!y (t5 drew lessons conc]n+ ! effects (
 _! addresses f ! actions ( ! animal    
auditors :i* he>d _! talk1 & 7 attract$ 
or repuls$ by :at !y he>d & saw4  ,!re  
is a my/]y ab\t public speak+4 ,aft]    
ye>s ( /udy & application1 "s m5 _c     
accompli% z mu* by _! addresses z "s    
uncultur$ labor] c d ) 8 v fir/ attempt4
 ,"s h imp]fectly call$ ?is p[] p]sonal 
magnetism4 ,:ile ?is is ma9ly born ) m5 
& wom5--z ! p[] ( ! true poet & ! true  

tea*]--yet x c be cultivat$ to a        
surpris+ degree4 ,! s*ools ( elocution s
 (t5 seem to fail to recognize ! wide   
gulf t exi/s betwe5 elocution & oratory4
 ,! =m] is an art :i* deals prim>ily )  
enunciation1 pronunciation1 & ge/ure2 ! 
"w ( ! lat] sci5ce is p]suasive--x has  
to d ma9ly ) influ5c+ ! head & ! he>t4  
,!re is a law ( oratory :i* does n seem 
to be und]/ood or recogniz$ by elocution
 tea*]s4 ,! pl[-boy 9 a debat+ society (
 ! c\ntry s*ool may feel t natural law1 
l ,daniel ,web/]1 )\t be+ consci\s t he 
is foll[+ x4 ,b !re is a dang] ( los+   
?is great natural p[] ?r\gh injuri\s    
cultivation4 ,! p[]ful speak] is        
consci\sly or unconsci\sly obs]vant at  
all times ( 8 audi5ce1 & he naturally   
adopts ! tones1 ! ge/ure1 & ! language  
:i* attract ! mo/ att5tion & leave ! mo/
 pot5t influ5ce ^u ! audi5ce4 ,t is !   
law ( all oratory1 :e!r x applies to !  
dome/ic animals1 to conv]sation ) our   
fell[s1 to debates or addresses1        
lectures1 spee*es1 s]mons1 or argum5ts4 

,:]e ! orator has n be5 misdirect$ or   
misl$ by "s sup]ficial tea*] (          
elocution1 8 aim w be fir/ to w9 !      
favorable att5tion ( 8 audi5ce & !n to  
/rongly impress !m ) 8 op5+ s5t5ce1 8   
appe>ance1 8 mann]s1 & 8 subject4 ,8    
reputation w h also v mu* to d ) w9n+   
?is favorable impression at fir/4 ,!    
words ( ! speak] ei!r drive away or     
attract1 & ! speak] endeavors at !      
outset to comm& ! att5tion ( ! he>]s1   
:e!r !y be dogs or congregation4  ,!    
beg9n] 9 oratory :o is true to 8 in/9cts
 /rives to adopt ! me?ods :i* he feels w
 favorably impress ^? = :om he has a    
message4 ,9 8 oration at ! fun]al (     
,julius ,caes>1 ,m>k ,an?ony dis>m$ !   
enemies ( ,caes> & ( himself by op5+ 8  
oration )1 ,fri5ds1 ,romans1 c\ntrym51  
l5d me y\r e>s4 ,i come to bury ,caes>1 
n to praise him4 ,almo/ any man or woman
 c become an orator ( p[] by keep+      
himself or h]self natural :ile talk+4   
,! second condition ( a successful      
oration is ! /atem5ts ( ! important     

facts or tru?s4 ,cic]o1 ! eld] ,pitt1 & 
,edw>d ,ev]ett held /rictly to ! /atem5t
 ( all ! facts at ! outset ( _! spee*4  
,facts & tru?s are ! mo/ important ?+s 9
 all k9ds ( oratory2 z !y are ! mo/     
difficult to h&le1 ! audi5ce is m likely
 to li/5 to !m at ! op5+ ( ! talk1 & !y 
mu/ be plac$ be=e ! he>]s cle>ly &      
emphatically1 be=e ! speak] ent]s ^u !  
next division ( 8 address4  ,! ?ird     
condition ( a successful address is !   
argum5t1 or reason+ :i* is us$ to prove 
! conclusion he wi%es 8 he>]s to rea*4  
,x is "h t logic has its special place2 
x is at ?is vital po9t t _m political   
speak]s fail to conv9ce ! m5 !y address4
 ,aft] he has ?us reason$1 ! natural    
orator makes 8 appeal1 :i* is ! *ief    
purpose ( all true oratory4 ,x is "h :]e
 ! orator becomes vehem5t1 "h :]e he %[s
 all ! ornam5t ( 8 talk 9 appropriate   
figures ( spee*4 ,! mo/ effective       
orators are always ^? ^: he>ts are 9    
/rong sympa?y ) humanity1 & ^: sympa?ies
 are always ar\s$ to plead = m54 ,?is is

 ! condition t acc\nts = ! eloqu5ce--!  
p[] to ar\se he>]s--:i* *>act]izes m5 l 
,logan1 ! ,am]ican ,indian1 & :i*       
*>act]izes _m ( ! religi\s en?usia/s l  
,pet] ! ,h]mit1 :o h surpris$ ! _w & (t5
 mov$ !m to mighty de$s4  ,s long z our 
gov]nm5t dep5ds ^u ! votes ( ! p1 j s   
long mu/ !re be a /irr+ ne$ ( m5 & wom5 
orators to tea* ! pr9ciples ( gov]nm5t &
 to keep op5 to ! light ( tru? !        
consci5ces ( ! ?\s&s & millions ^: votes
 w decide ! welf>e or ! mis=tune ( our  
nation4 ,z ! speak] mu/ adapt himself & 
8 message to all k9ds ( p1 x is         
difficult to advise any "o 9 c]ta9 t]ms 
h[ to accompli% ?is4 ,x is ano!r in/ance
 ( ! necessity ( cultivat+ ! daily habit
 ( obs]vation1 & ( be+ always loyal to  
our in/9cts4  ,:ile s*ools & colleges h 
_! uses1 !y are by no means a necessity 
= ^? :o w accompli% great ?+s ?r\gh _!  
oratory4 ,_m a man lad5 ) a weal? (     
college accompli%m5t has be5 an utt]    
failure on ! plat=m4 ,:]e read+-matt] is
 z abundant & z *eap z x is 9 ,am]ica1 !

 poor boy at "w ^u ! f>m or 9 ! factory1
 ) no "t b 8 ev5+s = /udy1 may get !    
ess5tials ( education1 & by obs]v+ ^? :o
 speak may give himself =ms ( oratorical
 expression t w enable him to out%9e ^? 
) s*ol>%ip :o h be5 l$ into fads4  ,we  
mu/ be impress$ ) a high s5se ( duty 9  
becom+ an orator ( any class2 we mu/    
feel t x is our call+ to adh]e to ! tru?
 always & 9 all ?+s1 to w>n our he>]s ( 
dang]s1 & to enc\rage ! good & help ^?  
:o are /ruggl+ to be s4 ,we mu/ h a     
passion = oratory :i* %all impel u to   
vigor\s ?\ght & eloqu5t expression4 ,!  
greate/ oratory is t :i* is mo/         
p]suasive4 ,x is n s fully 9 :at an     
orator says or ! vehem5ce ) :i* he says 
x t c\nts1 b ! practical good t results 
f x4 ,_m an oration has be5 elegant     
en\gh f its *oice diction & labor$      
phraseology1 yet x has fall5 flat ^u !  
audi5ce4  ,:5 a man has be5 work$ into  
natural passion ov] 8 !me1 8 words w    
/rike root & inspire 8 he>]s into simil>
 passion4 ,x is wond]ful h[ true are our

 in/9cts 9 detect+ :at comes f ! he>t & 
t :i* is m]e words4 ,! greate/ orators h
 be5 ^? :o h n le>n$ by rote :at !y h   
spok54 ,:5 ,l9coln broke away 9 8       
celebrat$ ,coop] ,in/itute address1 &   
pictur$ ! ^w fre$om writt5 by ! ,"l     
across ! skies 9 ra9b[ hues1 ! he>ts ( 8
 audi5ce /opp$ beat+ = ! in/ant4 ,x is  
foolh>dy = any "o to presume to speak ) 
no prep>ation1 = ^? :o wi% to give      
!mselves to oratory %\ld c>efully /udy !
 great debat]s1 le>n h[ !y express$     
!mselves1 & !n accumulate important     
tru?s & facts conc]n+ _! subject4 ,b we 
mu/ n =get t too mu* /udy z to nicety ( 
expression may lose some?+ ( ! m\nta9\s 
effects ( :at we wi% to /ate4  ,:5 an   
orator feels 8 subject1 8 s\l ov]fl[s ) 
a ?rill indescribable1 :i* is kn[n only 
to ^? :o h felt x4 ,g5ius is lift$ free 
= ! mom5t to fly at w to ! m\nta9       
heights1 & f9ds supreme delight !re94   
,ev]y?+ t is food = ! m9d is helpful to 
! orator1 :e!r x come f s*ool or "w4 ,b 
x is an atta9m5t :i* c be rea*$ by !    

e-day pla9 man employ$ 9 any e-day      
occupation4 ,demo/h5es1 ! greate/ orator
 ! _w has yet kn[n1 f\nd 8 ,s*ool (     
,oratory along ! %ore talk+ to ! waves4 
,john ,b4 ,g\gh & ,h5ry ,clay & bo? !   
eld] & ! y\ng] ,pitt ga9$ all _! p[]s by
 means z humble4 ,! m]e /udy ( gramm>   
has nev] yet made a correct speak]2 !   
m]e /udy ( rhetoric has nev] yet made a 
correct & p[]ful writ]2 & ! /udy (      
elocution _c make an orator4 ,gramm>1   
rhetoric1 & elocution may tea* him only 
! laws :i* gov]n spee*1 writ+1 oratory1 
& leave him ignorant ( ! be/ me?ods (   
execution4  ,dur+ ! la/ hundr$ ye>s !   
lead+ orators ( ,congress h ma9ly come f
 among ! humble & ! poor1 & all ! le>n+ 
!y _h ( _! art 0 got 9 ! s*oolh\se1 !   
%op1 ! fields1 & ! ,univ]sity ( ,h>d    
,knocks4 ,x is a call+ t seems to be op5
 to e man & woman ( fair tal5t4 ,if y   
desire to become a plat=m orator1 read !
 lives ( successful orators1 & apply to 
y\rself ! means :i* help$ !m to         
di/9ction4 ,b be vigilant n to lose y\r 

own individuality1 & nev] /rive to be   
any "o b y\rself4 ,9 no place m ?an ^u !
 plat=m does %am mean %ame2 no?+ is m   
transp>5t4     ,,iv  ,,self-,,help      
,al?\gh ,samuel ,smiles's ,self-,help is
 ! fir/ & p]haps ! be/ ( ! _m           
inspirational books t h be5 writt5 (    
late ye>s1 x is by f> ! mo/ s]viceable (
 all to any "o :o wi%es & int5ds to /&  
squ>ely on 8 own feet & to fight 8 own  
battle ( life f />t to f9i%4 ,t book is 
attractive because x is anecdotal ( life
 & "*1 & because ( ! int]e/ t all m5    
feel 9 ^? :o h a*iev$ great ?+s ?r\gh _!
 own labors1 _! trials1 & _! /ruggles4  
,x ab\nds ) ref]5ces to m5 :o 7 =c$ to  
be self-helpful1 :o 7 born l[ly en\gh1 b
 di$ among ,god's g5tlem51 & (t5 among !
 ari/ocracy ( ! l&1 ?r\gh %e] =ce ( "*1 
labor1 & det]m9ation4 ,!y h left _!     
footpr9ts on ! s&s ( "t ma9ly because !y
 7 self-reliant & self-helpful4  ,! aids
 to ! royal life are all )91 & no life  
is wor?less unless its own] wills x2 !  
f\nta9 ( all good is )91 & x w bubble   

up1 if we dig4  ,doctor ,holl& us$ to   
say t !re is a sup]-abundance (         
inspiration 9 ,am]ica1 b a lam5table    
de>? ( p]spiration4 ,aspiration plus    
p]spiration c>ries m5 to dizzy heights (
 success2 aspiration m9us p]spiration   
(t5 l&s !m 9 ! gutt]4  ,self-help is n  
selfi%ness4 ,! duty ( help+ oneself 9 ! 
highe/ s5se always involves ! duty (    
help+ o!rs4 ,! self-helpful are n always
 ! m5 :o h a*iev$ greate/ success 9 :at 
vulg>ians call success4 ,t man's life is
 a success :i* has atta9$ ! end = :i* he
 />t$ out--! greate/ failure may        
sometimes be ! huge/ success ?r\gh !    
discipl9e x has af=d$4 ,!y tell u t m5  
nev] fail :o die 9 a wor?y cause2 t x is
 nobl] to h fail$ 9 a noble cause ?an to
 h won 9 a l[ "o2 t x is n failure1 b l[
 aim1 t is wick$4 ,god s[s ! se$ & />ts 
u all out ) ab\t ! same quantity & !    
same quality2 :e!r ! crop %all be       
abundant dep5ds ^u ! environm5t 9 :i* we
 gr[ & ! way we take c>e ( ! field4  ,! 
supreme end ( ea* man's life is to take 

individual c>e ( 8 own g>d54 ,:5 ?is is 
neglect$ 8 life is wa/$1 & !re is no    
immorality t is comp>able to !          
immorality ( a wa/$ life--& e life is   
wa/$ unless its own] has made x yield   
its full capacity4 ,if x is only a      
t5-bu%el-an-acre field1 he has done     
wor?y "w :o has reap$ t5 bu%els f an    
acre2 if x is a sev5ty-bu%el-an-acre    
field x is di%onorable to h reap$       
sixty-n9e bu%els f an acre4 ,god gives u
 ! *ance2 ! improvem5t ( x we give      
ourselves4  ,! _s ( self-help is ! root 
( all g5u9e gr[?4 ,help f ! outside may 
be conv5i5t1 b x enfeebles2 all         
self-help invigorates4 ,! self-help] mu/
 be self-reliant2 ! measure ( 8         
self-help is always proportion$ to !    
measure ( 8 self-reliance4 ,!           
self-reliant does n consid] himself z ! 
creature ( circum/ances1 b ! ar*itect ( 
!m4 ,all t ,adam _h1 all t ,caes> c\ld1 
we h _h & c4 ,! self-reliant & !        
self-helpful are ! m9ority2 ! majority  
are =ev] look+ t[>d & rely+ ^u "s       

gov]nm5t or "s in/itution to d = !m :at 
!y %\ld only d = !mselves4 ,a real man  
wants no protection2 s long z 8 human   
p[]s are left to him1 he asks no?+ m ?an
 ! fre$om to w9 8 own battles4 ,! be/   
any gov]nm5t or any in/itution c d = m5 
is to leave !m z free z possible f ei!r 
guidance or help1 s t !y may be/ develop
 & improve !mselves4 ,z x has be5 dur+ !
 c5turies1 we put too mu* fai? 9        
gov]nm5t & o!r in/itutions1 & too little
 9 ourselves4  ,m5 :o c\nt = some?+ d n 
wait = opportunities f any s\rce--!y    
help !mselves to _! opportunities4 ,!y c
 w9 :o believe !y c1 & ! /rong-he>t$    
always ultimately a*ieve success4 ,a    
nation is wor? j :at ! individuals ( t  
nation are wor?1 & ! highe/ philan?ropy 
& patriotism does n :olly consi/ 9 aid+ 
in/itutions & enact+ laws--especially ! 
laws :i* tea* m5 to lean--b !y r consi/ 
9 help+ m5 to improve !mselves ?r\gh _! 
own self-help4 ,!re is no aid comp>able 
to ! aid t is giv5 a man to help        
himself--we may /& him ^u 8 feet1 b     

rema9+ ^u !m %\ld be 8 own task4 ,he is 
a magnific5t somebody :o /eadfa/ly      
refuses to hang ^u o!rs2 & no?+ br+s !  
blu% soon] to ! true-he>t$ man1 ?an to  
feel t he has be5 unnecess>ily help$ to 
any?+ by m5 or by gov]nm5ts4 ,!re is no 
man :o rides ?r\gh life s well z ! man  
:o has le>n$ to ride by be+ set ^u !    
b>e-back$ horse call$ self-dep5d5ce4    
,p>adise 0 n meant = c[>ds2             
self-reliance & self-help is ! manl9ess 
( ! s\l4  ,! solid f\ndations ( all     
lib]ty re/ ^u individual "*1 &          
individual "* is ! only sure gu>anty =  
social security & national progress4    
,:atev] cru%es individuality is         
despotism1 no matt] by :at o!r "n y call
 x4 ,! gods are always on ! side ( ! man
 :o relies on himself & helps himself2  
m5's arms are long en\gh to rea* />s1 if
 !y w only /ret* !m4 ,x is s contr>y to 
! _s ( our nation to be any?+ b         
self-helpful4 ,! flag ( fre$om _c long  
float ov] a nation ( deadheads2 only ^? 
:o det]m9e to pay _! way f cradle to    

grave h a "r to make ! j\rney4 ,s*ill]  
says t ! k9d ( education t p]fects !    
human race is action1 conduct1          
self-culture1 self-control4 ,x has be5  
said t ! individual is p]fect$ f> m by  
"w ?an by read+1 by action m ?an by     
/udy1 by "* m ?an by biography2 ^! are  
c\rses t are giv5 by ! ,univ]sity (     
,life m completely ?an 9 all o!r        
in/itutions kn[n to m54  ,! great m5 (  
sci5ce1 lit]ature1 art1 action--^?      
apo/les ( great ?\ghts & lords ( ! great
 he>t--belong to no special rank4 ,!y   
come f colleges1 work%ops1 f>ms1 f poor 
m5's huts & ri* m5's mansions2 b !y all 
began ) reliance ^u !mselves1 & ) an    
in/9ctive feel+ t !y mu/ help !mselves  
solely 9 climb+ to ! "w or ! /ation :i* 
!y _h assign$ to !mselves4 ,_m ( ,god's 
greate/ apo/les ( ?\ght & feel+ & action
 h come f ! humble/ /ations1 b ! mo/    
insup]able difficulties h n long be5    
ob/acles to !m4 ,^! greate/ (           
difficulties are true m5's greate/      
help]s--!y /imulate p[]s t might h la9  

dormant all ?r\gh life1 b (t5 h readily 
yield$ to ! /\t & reliant he>t4 ,!re is 
no great] bless+ 9 ! _w ?an pov]ty :i*  
is alli$ to self-reliance & ! _s (      
self-help4 ,pov]ty is ! nor?w9d :i*     
la%es m5 into vik+s4 ,"l ,bacon says t  
m5 believe too great ?+s ( ri*es1 & too 
little ( indomitable p]sev]ance4  ,e    
nation t has a hi/ory has a long li/ (  
m5 :o began life 9 ! humble/ /ations1   
yet rose to high /ation 9 honor &       
s]vice4 ,no inh]itance & environm5ts c d
 = a man :at he c d = himself4 ,cook1 ! 
navigator1 ,br9dley1 ! eng9e]1 & ,burns1
 ! poet1 are ?ree m5 :o began life z day
 labor]s2 ! mo/ poetic ( cl]gym51 ,j]emy
 ,taylor2 ! inv5tor ( ! sp9n+-j5ny &    
f\nd] ( cotton manufacture1 ,sir ,ri*>d 
,arkwright2 ! greate/ ( l&scape pa9t]s1 
,turn]1 & t mo/ di/+ui%$ ,*ief-ju/ice   
,t5t]d5 7 b>b]s4 ,b5 ,jonson1 ! poet2   
,tel=d1 ! eng9e]2 ,hugh ,mill]1 !       
geologi/2 ,cunn+ham1 ! sculptor1 7      
,engli% /one-masons4 ,inigo ,jones1 !   
ar*itect2 ,hunt]1 ! physiologi/2 ,romney

 & ,poie1 ! pa9t]s2 ,gibson1 ! sculptor2
 ,fox1 ! /atesman2 ,wilson1 !           
orni?ologi/2 ,liv+/one1 !               
mission>y--/>t$ life z weav]s4 ,admiral 
,sir ,cl\desly ,%ovel2 ,bloomfield1 !   
poet2 ,c>ey1 ! mission>y--7 %oemak]s4   
,bunyan1 0 a t9k]2 ,h]s*el1 a musician2 
,l9coln1 a rail-splitt]2 ,f>aday1 a     
book-b9d]2 ,/eph5son1 ! inv5tor ( !     
locomotive1 a /ok]2 ,watt1 ! discov]] ( 
/eam-p[]1 a wat*mak]2 ,frankl91 a pr9t]2
 ,presid5t ,johnson1 a tailor2 ,presid5t
 ,g>field1 an employee on a canal-boat2 
,l\isa ,alcott1 bo? h\semaid &          
laundress2 ,james ,:itcomb ,riley1 an   
it9]ant sign-pa9t]2 ,?oreau1 a          
man-(-all-"w = ,em]son2 ! poets1 ,keats 
& ,drake1 z well z ,sir ,humphry ,davy1 
7 druggi/s4  ,b5jam9 ,?ompson 0 a humble
 ,new ,hamp%ire s*oolma/] ^: indu/ry1   
p]sev]ance1 & integrity1 c\pl$ to 8     
g5ius & a truly b5evol5t _s1 ultimately 
made him ! companion ( k+s &            
philosoph]s1 ,c\nt ,rum=d ( ! ,holy     
,roman ,empire4 ,he decl9$ to p>ticipate

 9 ! ,revolution1 & 0 compell$ to flee f
 8 home 9 ,rum=d1 n[ ,concord 7,new     
,hamp%ire71 leav+ beh9d 8 "m1 wife1 &   
fri5ds2 b ?is p]secution by 8 c\ntrym5  
l$ to 8 greatness4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aggf    
,g5]al ,h[e s5t him to ,engl& )         
important despat*es = ! ,m9i/ry4 ,at    
once ! ,engli% gov]nm5t appreciat$ 8    
wor? & sci5tific m5 s\ght 8 acqua9tance4
 ,9 less ?an f\r ye>s aft] he l&$ 9     
,engl& he became ,"u-,secret>y ( ,/ate4 
,9 #aghh1 he left ,engl& ) lett]s to !  
,elector ( ,bav>ia1 :o imm$iately (f]$  
him honorable employm5t :i* ! ,engli%   
gov]nm5t p]mitt$ him to accept aft] he  
_h be5 knight$ by ! k+4  ,9 ,bav>ia he  
became lieut5ant-g5]al1 comm&]-9-*ief ( 
/aff1 m9i/] ( w>1 memb] ( ! c\ncil (    
/ate1 knight ( ,pol&1 memb] ( ! academy 
( sci5ce 9 ?ree cities1 comm&]-9-*ief ( 
! g5]al /aff1 sup]9t5d5t ( police (     
,bav>ia1 & *ief ( ! reg5cy dur+ !       
sov]eign's compulsory abs5ce 9 #agih4   
,dur+ 8 t5 ye>s' s]vice he made great   
civil & milit>y re=ms & produc$ su*     

salut>y *anges 9 ! condition ( ! p t !y 
erect$ a monum5t 9 8 honor 9 !          
pleasure-gr\nds ( ,muni*1 :i* he _h made
 = !m4 ,:5 ,muni* 0 attack$ by an       
,au/rian army 9 #agif1 he conduct$ !    
def5se s successfully t he 0 accord$ !  
highe/ praise ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,!       
,bav>ian mon>* %[$ 8 appreciation by    
mak+ him a c\nt2 he *ose ! title ( ,c\nt
 ,rum=d z an honor to ! bir?place ( 8   
wife & *ild4 ,he end$ 8 days at ,p>is 9 
lit]>y & sci5tific /udies & 9 ! society 
( ! mo/ le>n$ m5 ( ,europe4  ,! ,rum=d  
pr(essor%ip at ,h>v>d 0 v lib]ally end[$
 by him1 & he gave five ?\s& doll>s to !
 ,am]ican ,academy ( ,arts & ,sci5ces 9 
#agif4     ,v  ,,"s ,,advice ,,to ,,"y  
,,m5   ,a life is div9e :5 duty is a    
joy4 ,! be/ "w we ev] d is ! "w we get  
pleasure f do+1 & ! "w we are likelie/  
to enjoy mo/ is ! "w we are be/ fitt$ to
 d ) our tal5t4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! _w     
except m>riage t we %\ld be sl[] 9 tak+ 
^u ourselves ?an our life-"w2 !re=e1 ?9k
 mu*1 read mu*1 inquire mu* be=e y      

assume any life c>e]4  ,:5 y h once     
decid$ :at is be/ fitt$ = y1 pursue x   
ceaselessly & c\rage\sly1 no matt] h[ f>
 di/ant x may be1 h[ ardu\s ! labor     
att5d+ x1 or h[ difficult ! asc5t4 ,!   
great] ! difficulty surm\nt$1 ! m y w   
value y\r a*ievem5t & ! great] p[] y w h
 = keep+ on ) y\r "w aft] y h rea*$ y\r 
goal4 ,d y\r utmo/ to f9d a fri5d :o is 
old] ?an y1 & consult him freely1 & give
 e man y\r e>1 = ! humble/ 9 /ation & ^?
 ) ! mo/ meag] acquirem5ts 9 o!r matt]s 
may see "s few ?+s m cle>ly ?an o!r m51 
& may be well /or$ ) :at y mo/ require4 
,take ea* man's advice1 b act accord+ to
 y\r own judgm5t4 ,tea*]s %\ld be ! be/ 
advis]s ( ^? ab\t to ent] ^u _! life-"w1
 & no s]vice ( ! s*oolma/] or pr(essor c
 ev] be m helpful to ! "y intru/$ to him
 ?an t ( help+ !m to *oose a c>e]4  ,!  
be/ "w real tea*]s d = _! pupils is by  
no means ! tea*+ ( a few m9or bran*es--x
 is almo/ always ! "w he is n paid =1 & 
:i* nobody outside ( ^? :o realize :at  
real education is1 seems ev] to consid]4

 ,x is sympa?y = _! /ud5ts1 gett+ !m to 
und]/& ! great ?+s t are involv$ 9 !    
process ( gett+ an education1 mak+ !m   
realize t true education means gr[? (   
all our spiritual faculties--head & he>t
 & w1 & t :at we get f textbooks is ! v 
lea/ "p ( an education4 ,x is help+ !m  
to und]/& t k got f books & f s*oolma/]s
 is always a m5ace to a man ^: spiritual
 faculties ( head1 he>t1 & w h n be5    
?or\ghly discipl9$4 ,x is wise c\nsel 9 
*oos+ a life c>e]4 ,in/ead ( look+ ^u   
?is side ( ! "w z div9e1 in/ead ( be+   
wise c\nselors & fri5dly guides dur+ ?is
 great transitional /age f y\? to       
manhood1 tea*]s c be f> m int]e/$ 9 _!  
individual conc]ns or 9 :at !y call     
rese>*-"w--! rese>*-"w may give "s      
tempor>y glory to !mselves1 & give "s   
little adv]tisem5t to ! in/itutions t   
employ !m2 b ! supreme duty !y owe to _!
 /ud5ts1 to ,god1 & to humanity is to d 
_! utmo/ to make full m51 & wor?y &     
successful m51 out ( ! y\?s ^: education
 !y h tak5 ^u !mselves4 ,no traitor is  

su* a traitor to 8 c\ntry & to ! :ole _w
 z ! man :o is unfai?ful to ?is sacr$   
tru/4 ,once aga91 f9d "s s9c]e & prud5t 
eld] c\nselor1 & turn to him 9 all y\r  
difficulties4  ,get advice z to ! be/   
books to read--a good book is ! be/ (   
c\nselors1 = x is ! be/ ( "s good man2 &
 x is a pati5t c\nselor :om we may      
cont9ually consult ^u ! same subject z  
(t5 z we wi%4 ,b wa/e no "t1 especially 
at ! op5+ ( y\r c>e]1 ^u books :i* h no 
message = y\r manhood & no helpfulness 9
 ! "w y %all assume = life4 ,:5 y h once
 tak5 up a book z y\r c\nselor1 don't   
put x aside until x has be5 ?or\ghly    
dige/$ & assimilat$4 ,"o book read is   
wor? a hundr$ books peep$ ?r\gh2 & ( all
 ! dilettantes1 a lit]>y dilettante is !
 mo/ contemptible4 ,bacon says1 ,"s     
books are to be ta/$1 o!rs to be        
swall[$1 "s few to be *ew$ & dige/$4 ,b 
x is only ! books t are to be *ew$ &    
dige/$ t we c af=d to p]use at ! outset 
9 our c>e]2 ! lit]>y                    
pleasure--g>d5s--may come lat] 9 life4  

,d y\r utmo/ to und]/& poetic           
expression1 = ! poets are ! greate/     
tea*]s 9 ! _w z well z ! greate/ ( all  
legislators4 ,x is !y :o tea* ! great 9 
conduct & ! pure 9 ?\ght4 ,)\t education
 t %all enable u to take !m z our       
fri5ds1 life be>s ^u x ! /amp ( dea?4 ,!
 great poets are n[ ! only tru?-tell]s  
left to ,god4 ,!y are free1 & !y make _!
 lov]s free2 ! great poet is nature's   
ma/]piece4 ,at ! t\* ( 8 imag9ation     
words blossom into beauty4 ,a true poet 
is ! mo/ preci\s gift to a nation1 = he 
feels ke5e/ ! glori\s duty ( s]v+ tru?2 
he _c /rive = despotism ( any k9d1 = x  
is /ill ! in/9ct ( all great spirits to 
be free4 ,m ?an o!r au?ors1 ! poets make
 u self-=getful1 make life & ! :ole     
human race nobl] 9 our eyes2 all ?+s are
 fri5dly & sacr$ to !m1 all days holy1  
all good m5 div9e4  ,!re is v little    
wor?y "w n[adays t does n ne$ "s s*ool+ 
t x may be well done4 ,if y h an        
opportunity to give y\rself ?is help1   
don't neglect x4 ,c>efully select !     

c\rses t w be mo/ helpful to y 9 y\r    
c>e]1 & don't be side-track$ by any (   
:at we s5tim5tali/s t]m culture /udies4 
,!re's no?+ bett] 9 ! _w ?an culture    
/udy1 if we c af=d x & h "t = x4 ,b !re 
is n a great] or m wick$ wa/e ( valuable
 "t ?an ! "t sp5t ^u :at "s s5tim5tali/s
 t]m culture /udy4  ,:5 y h once tak5 up
 ! /udies y h decid$ ^u1 keep /eadily to
 y\r c\rse & %un div]sions4 ,recreations
 are z ess5tial to ! /ud5t :o int5ds to 
d high-class "w z food is to ! body2 b  
div]sions disqualify him = e>ne/ "w1 &  
may bre$ a habit ( halfness t %all br+ 8
 failure4 ,don't be fooli% & hope to be 
great 9 _m l9es4 ,:o sips ( _m arts     
dr9ks none4 ,9 e vocation to-day        
competition is s ke5 t ! man :o w succe$
 mu/ be cont5t to be supreme 9 "o ?+    
alone4  ,halfness weak5s all our        
spiritual p[]s1 & ?or\ghness is ! c5tral
 passion ( all wor?y *>act]s4  ,x is    
nobl] to be conf9$ to "o call+1 & to    
excel 9 t1 ?an to dabble 9 =ty4 ,!re is 
"s odor ab\t a dabbl] t makes him       

especially (f5sive to all clean         
high-class m5 & wom54 ,b :5 we h =m$ !  
habit ( do+ c>elessly o!r tasks ?an our 
life-"w1 we %all soon get into ! way (  
do+ c>elessly ! "w ( our *os5 call+4    
,!re is no?+ t gives u great] assurance 
t our life-"w w be ?or\ghly done ?an to 
habituate ourselves to d ! slighte/ task
 completely4 ,s+ ! la/ note fully1 make 
! la/ lett] ( y\r "n complete4 ,eat !   
la/ morsel delib]ately4 ,9 a real man's 
life !re are no trifles4 ,:atev] is wor?
 do+ by him is wor? do+ well4 ,! _m-sid$
 ,edw>d ,ev]ett attribut$ 8 be+ able to 
d s _m ?+s well to 8 e>ly habit ( do+   
ev5 ! lea/ ?+ ?or\ghly4 ,he us$ to say t
 he prid$ himself ^u ! way he ti$ up !  
smalle/ pap] p>cel4  ,al?\gh s*ools may 
be v helpful1 don't =get to emphasize   
aga9 t !y are m]ely help]s4 ,! man is   
somebody only :5 ! fight is won )9      
himself4 ,)\t ! s*ools m5 h (t5 rea*$ ! 
p9nacles ( success1 ?r\gh _! own        
individual e>ne/ness & en]gy4 ,s*ools   
make wise m5 wis]1 b !y may make fools  

great] fools ?an ev]4 ,if colleges h    
fall5 some:at into disrepute1 x is      
l>gely due to ! fact t we may h s5t m   
fools ?an wise m5 to college4 ,_m a man 
has be5 ! bett] = be+ too poor to att5d 
s*ool1 l ,frankl91 ,l9coln1 ,pet]       
,coop]1 & t5 ?\s& o!r ,am]icans4 ,_!    
?ir/ = :at books _h to give !m =c$ !m to
 "w h>d] & to d5y !mselves all !        
enjoym5ts t s vulg>ize yet s *>m ! *eap]
 brood4  ,all t is won by sacrifice &   
d[nright h>d "w is priceless1 & _m noble
 m5 & wom5 :o h ris5 to high honor &    
/ation owe _! place & p[] solely to ?is4
 ,be always m9dful t p[] is ! only safe 
f\ndation = reputation4 ,?\ghtful       
,am]icans are n conc]n+ !mselves ab\t :o
 y\r ance/ors 71 & :e!r or n !y 7       
graduat$ f "s college4 ,l ,doctor       
,holmes1 !y feel t old families & old   
trees g5]ally h _! be/ p>ts und]gr\nd1 &
 t ! only progressive is ! man :o is    
bigg] 9 ?\ght & feel+ & accompli%m5t ?an
 8 fa!r 04 ,!y believe t x is           
unimportant :]e y buy y\r educational   

tools1 if y are only do+ good "w ) !m4  
,!re is only "o true ari/ocracy 9       
,am]ica--^? ) m spiritual p[] &         
individual accompli%m5t ?an ! re/ ( m54 
,em]son says t all ! w9ds t move ! vanes
 ( univ]sities bl[ f antiquity1 & ?is is
 responsible = _m fooli% words & _m fool
 acts ( s*oolm5 :i* are s (t5 mislead+ !
 unsuspect+ public4  ,no?+ is m fooli%  
?an ! idea t any s*ool+ is wor?less :i* 
is obta9$ 9 s*ools aft] ! regul> s*ool  
h\rs2 & m ?an "o attempt has be5 made to
 enact laws :i* %all h9d] f practice    
physicians & lawy]s :o h be5 oblig$ to  
get _! k ?r\gh *annels o!r ?an !        
conv5tional4 ,! victory ( ! g5]al does n
 dep5d ^u ! place :]e he got 8 milit>y  
tra9+ or ! "t ( ! day :5 he /udi$4      
,oliv] ,cromwell1 ! greate/ g5]al ( 8   
day1 0 a f>m] until 8 =tie? ye>1 :5 he  
ent]$ ! army ( ! ,p>liam5t aga9/ ,*>les 
,i4 ,! only "q t conc]ns ! nation t puts
 a g5]al at ! head ( its =ces is1 has he
 ! p[]s t %all make u victori\s8  ,m5 9 
di/ress don't ask = ! p$igree ( !       

life-sav]1 nor d !y /op to inquire :5 he
 graduat$4 ,don't be fright5$ (f by     
/ickl]s = :at is cu/om>y4 ,k is ! "r ( !
 poore/ boy & girl 9 ,am]ica1 & x c be  
_h by ! humble/ 9 ! l&4 ,be conv9c$ (   
?is & ent] ! race4 ,! _w /eps aside &   
lets ! man pass :o kn[s :]e he is go+2  
all ! _w w %\t to cle> ! track :5 !y see
 a det]m9$ giant is com+4 ,9 *oos+ y\r  
c>e]1 don't be limit$ to ! old          
pr(essions4 ,!re are to-day _m m        
occupations call+ = ! highe/ skill &    
(f]+ ! highe/ inducem5ts ?an !re 7 tw5ty
 ye>s ago1 & ^! positions are /eadily   
increas+4 ,_m occupations :i* 7 rec5tly 
reg>d$ almo/ z m5ial h ris5 almo/ to    
pr(essions--cook+1 agriculture1         
decorative art1 =e/ry1 nurs+1           
sanitation1 design+ app>el1 & c\ntless  
o!rs2 & ! m5 & wom5 qualifi$ = ^! are   
sur] ( bett] positions ?an =m]ly1 & f>  
bett] rew>ds4  ,b ! y\? :o is imbu$ ) ! 
det]m9ation to be "r & to d "r mu/ nev] 
lose sight ( ?is tru?--t life is va/ly m
 ?an place & meat & raim5t4 ,liv+ = self

 is suicide2 m5 t are m5 get f> great]  
enjoym5t & f> great] rew>d f mak+ life a
 bless+ = ^? :o come _! way ?an !y get f
 all o!r ?+s comb9$4 ,no man lives s    
truly = himself z he :o lives = o!r p1 &
 "o ( ! *iefe/ purposes ( education is t
 x gives l>g] views ( life & adds great]
 p[] to s]ve humanity4 ,! man :o is     
really 9 e>ne/ to make 8 life c\nt is   
/udi\sly obs]vant4 ,ea* day & ea* place 
multiplies 8 means ( happ9ess = himself 
& o!rs4   ,,! ,,end