,! ,revision ,revis$4 ,?ree ,articles ,repr9t$ ,f ,! 8,qu>t]ly ,review40 ,i4 ,! ,new ,greek ,text4 ,,ii4 ,! ,new ,engli% ,v]sion4 ,,iii4 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,new ,textual ,!ory4 ,to ,:i* is ,add$ ,a ,reply to ,bi%op ,ellicott's ,pamphlet ,9 ,def5ce ,( ,! ,revis]s & ,_! ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t3 ,includ+ a ,v9dication ( ! ,traditional ,read+ ( #a ,timo?y ,,iii4 #af4 ,by ,john ,william ,burgon1 ,b4,d4 ,dean ( ,*i*e/]4 8,little *ildr51--,keep y\rselves f idols40--#a ,john v4 #ba4 ,dov] ,publications1 ,inc4 ,new ,york #aiga ,,cont5ts ,d$ication4 ,preface4 ,article ,i4 ,! ,new ,greek ,text4 ,article ,,ii4 ,! ,new ,engli% ,v]sion4 ,article ,,iii4 ,we/cott ,& ,hort's ,new ,textual ,!ory4 ,lett] ,to ,bi%op ,ellicott1 ,9 ,reply ,to ,8 ,pamphlet4 ,app5dix ,( ,sacr$ ,codices4 ,index ,i1 ( ,texts ( ,scripture1--quot$1 discuss$1 or only ref]r$ to 9 ?is volume4 ,index ,,ii1 ( ,fa!rs4 ,index ,,iii1 ,p]sons1 ,places1 & ,subjects4 ,footnotes ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is book conta9s mu* ,greek text1 :i* w n be well-r5d]$ 9 pla9 text v]sions ( ?is ,e-book4 ,also1 !re is mu* use ( ,greek *>act]s ) a v]tical b> across ! tops ( ! lett]s to indicate abbreviations2 because ! cod+ sy/em us$ 9 ?is e-book does n h su* an 8ov]l9e01 !y are r5d]$ "h ) und]l9es4 ,x also conta9s "s text 9 ,syriac1 :i* is writt5 "r-to-left2 = ! sake ( diff]5t transcription me?ods1 x is transcrib$ "h 9 bo? "r-to-left & left-to-rights1 s t reg>dless ( ! m$ium ( ?is ,e-book1 "o or ! o!r %\ld be readable4 ,! foll[+ is ,,preb5d>y ,,scriv5]',s rec5tly publi%$ e/imate ( ! ,sy/em on :i* ,,drs4 ,,we/cott ,,& ,,hort h con/ruct$ _! 8,revis$ ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t0 7#ahha74--,t ,sy/em1 ! ,*airman ( ! ,revis+ ,body 7,,bi%op ,,ellicott7 has entirely adopt$ 7see bel[1 pp4 #cia to #cig71 & made ! basis ( 8 ,def5ce ( ,,! ,,revis]s & _! 8,new ,greek ,text40 7#a47 8,!re is little hope = ! /ability ( _! impos+ /ructure1 if its f\ndations h be5 laid on ! s&y gr\nd ( +5i\s conjecture4 ,&1 s9ce b>ely ! smalle/ ve/ige ( hi/orical evid5ce has ev] be5 alleg$ 9 support ( ! views ( ^! accompli%$ ,editors1 _! tea*+ mu/ ei!r be receiv$ z intuitively true1 or dismiss$ f our consid]ation z prec>i\s & ev5 vision>y40 7#b47 8,,dr4 ,,hort',s ,sy/em is entirely de/itute ( hi/orical f\ndation40 7#c47 8,we are compell$ to repeat z emphatically z ev] our /rong conviction t ! ,hypo!sis to ^: pro( he has devot$ s _m labori\s ye>s1 is de/itute n only ( hi/orical f\ndation1 b ( all probability1 result+ f ! int]nal goodness ( ! ,text :i* its adoption w\ld =ce ^u u40 7#d47 8 #8,we _c d\bt' 7says ,,dr4 ,,hort7 #8t ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #cd comes f an extrane\s s\rce4' ,notes1 p4 #fh4--,nor c we1 on our "p1 d\bt10 7rejo9s ,,dr4 ,,scriv5]17 8t ! ,sy/em :i* entails su* consequ5ces is hopelessly self-condemn$40 ,,scriv5]',s 8,pla9 ,introduction10 c4 ed4 #ahhc3 pp4 #eca1 #ecg1 #edb1 #fjd4 ,,d$ication4 ,to ,! ,"r ,hon4 ,visc\nt ,cranbrook1 ,g4,c4,s4,i41 c41 c41 c4 ,,my ,,de> ,,"l ,,cranbrook1 ,all[ me ! gratification ( d$icat+ ! pres5t ,volume to y\rself2 b = :om--7,i res]ve ! explanation = ano!r day7--x w\ld nev] h be5 writt54 ,?is is n1 7z y w p]ceive at a glance17 ! ,treatise :i* a few ye>s ago ,i told y ,i _h 9 h&2 & :i*1 b = ! pres5t h9drance1 might by ?is "t h be5 complet$4 ,x has h[ev] gr[n out ( t o!r "w 9 ! mann] expla9$ at ! beg9n+ ( my ,preface4 ,moreov] x conta9s n a few specim5s ( ! argum5tation ( :i* ! "w 9 "q1 :5 at la/ x sees ! light1 w be discov]$ to be full4 ,my "o object has be5 to defeat ! mis*iev\s attempt :i* 0 made 9 #ahha to ?ru/ ^u ?is ,*ur* & ,realm a ,revision ( ! ,sacr$ ,text1 :i*--recomm5d$ ?\gh x be by em95t names--,i am ?or\ghly conv9c$1 & am able to prove1 is untru/wor?y f beg9n+ to end4 ,! reason is pla94 ,x has be5 con/ruct$ ?r\gh\t on an utt]ly errone\s hypo!sis4 ,& ,i inscribe ?is ,volume to y1 my fri5d1 z a conspicu\s memb] ( t body ( fai?ful & le>n$ ,laity by ^: delib]ate v]dict1 :5 ! :ole ( ! evid5ce has be5 produc$ & ! case has be5 fully argu$ out1 ,i %all be q will+ t my cont5tion may /& or fall4 ,! ,engli% 7z well z ! ,greek7 ( ! newly 8,revis$ ,v]sion0 is hopelessly at fault4 ,x is to me simply un9telligible h[ a company ( ,s*ol>s c h sp5t t5 ye>s 9 elaborat+ su* a v unsatisfactory production4 ,_! unc\? phraseology & _! j]ky s5t5ces1 _! p$antic obscurity & _! unidiomatic ,engli%1 contra/ pa9fully ) 8! happy turns ( expression1 ! music ( ! cad5ces1 ! felicities ( ! rhy?m0 ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,! transition f "o to ! o!r1 z ! ,bi%op ( ,l9coln rem>ks1 is l ex*ang+ a well-built c>riage = a vehicle )\t spr+s1 9 :i* y get jolt$ to dea? on a newly-m5d$ & r>ely-trav]s$ road4 ,b ! 8,revis$ ,v]sion0 is inaccurate z well2 exhibits defective s*ol>%ip1 ,i mean1 9 c\ntless places4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ! sy/ematic depravation ( ! und]ly+ ,greek :i* does s griev\sly (f5d me3 = ?is is no?+ else b a poison+ ( ! ,riv] ( ,life at its sacr$ s\rce4 ,our ,revis]s1 7) ! be/ & pure/ int5tions1 no d\bt17 /& convict$ ( hav+ delib]ately reject$ ! words ( ,inspiration 9 e page1 & ( hav+ sub/itut$ = !m fabricat$ ,read+s :i* ! ,*ur* has long s9ce refus$ to ackn[l$ge1 or else has reject$ ) abhorr5ce2 & :i* only survive at ?is "t 9 a little h&ful ( docum5ts ( ! mo/ deprav$ type4 ,z ,critics !y h _h abundant w>n+4 ,twelve ye>s ago 7#ahga7 a volume appe>$ on ! 8la/ ,twelve ,v]ses ( ! ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,m>k10--( :i* ! decl>$ object 0 to v9dicate ^? ,v]ses aga9/ c]ta9 critical objectors1 & to e/abli% !m by an exhau/ive argum5tative process4 ,up to ?is h\r1 = a v obvi\s reason1 no answ] to t volume has be5 attempt$4 ,& yet1 at ! end ( t5 ye>s 7#ahha71--n only 9 ! ,revis$ ,engli% b also 9 ! volume :i* pr(esses to exhibit ! und]ly+ ,greek1 7:i* at lea/ is indef5sible17--! ,revis]s are obs]v$ to sep>ate (f ^? ,twelve preci\s ,v]ses f _! context1 9 tok5 t !y are no "p ( ! g5u9e ,gospel4 ,su* a delib]ate pref]5ce ( 8mumpsimus0 to 8sumpsimus0 is by no means calculat$ to conciliate fav\r1 or ev5 to w9 respect4 ,! ,revis]s h 9 fact be5 ! dupes ( an +5i\s ,!ori/1 conc]n+ ^: extraord9>y views y are invit$ to read :at ,dr4 ,scriv5] has rec5tly put =?4 ,! words ( ! la/-nam$ writ] 7:o is facile pr9ceps 9 ,textual ,criticism7 w be f\nd fac+ ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t ,d$ication4 ,if1 !re=e1 any d compla9 t ,i h sometimes hit my oppon5ts r h>d1 ,i take leave to po9t out t 8to ev]y?+ !re is a season1 & a "t to e purpose "u ! sun03 8a "t to embrace1 & a "t to be f> f embrac+03 a "t = speak+ smoo?ly1 & a "t = speak+ %>ply4 ,& t :5 ! words ( ,inspiration are s]i\sly imp]ill$1 z n[ !y are1 x is sc>cely possible = "o :o is det]m9$ effectually to pres]ve ! ,deposit 9 its integrity1 to hit ei!r too /raight or too h>d4 ,9 h&l+ c]ta9 rec5t utt]ances ( ,bi%op ,ellicott1 ,i consid]$ ?r\gh\t t x 0 ! 8,textual ,critic0--n ! ,successor ( ! ,apo/les1--) :om ,i _h to d4 ,& ?us ,i comm5d my ,volume1 ! fruit ( _m ye>s ( incessant anxi\s toil1 to y\r indulg5ce3 reque/+ t y w receive x z a tok5 ( my s9c]e respect & admiration2 & desir+ to be rememb]$1 my de> ,"l ,cranbrook1 z ,y\r grateful & affectionate ,fri5d & ,s]vant1 ,john ,w4 ,burgon4 ,,dean]y1 ,,*i*e/]1 ,all ,sa9ts' ,day41 #ahhc4 ,,preface4 ,! ensu+ ?ree ,articles f ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review10--7wrung out ( me by ! publication ,may #ag?1 #ahha ( ! 8,revision0 ( our 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t107--appe> 9 _! pres5t =m 9 compliance ) an am\nt ( cont9u\s solicitation t !y %\ld be sep>ately publi%$1 :i* x w\ld h be5 alike unreasonable & ungraci\s to disreg>d4 ,i 0 n prep>$ = x4 ,x has caus$ me--z lett] aft] lett] has rea*$ my h&s--mix$ feel+s2 has reviv$ all my orig9al dis9cl9ation & regret4 ,=1 gratifi$ z ,i _c b feel by ! reception my lab\rs h met )1--7& only ! ,au?or ( my be+ kn[s :at an am\nt ( antec$5t toil is repres5t$ by ! ensu+ pages17--,i yet deplore m he>tily ?an ,i am able to express1 ! inju/ice done to ! cause ( ,tru? by h&l+ ! subject 9 ?is fragm5t>y way1 & by exhibit+ ! evid5ce = :at is mo/ c]ta9ly true1 9 su* a v incomplete =m4 ,a sy/ematic ,treatise is ! indisp5sable condition = secur+ cordial ass5t to ! view = :i* ,i ma9ly cont5d4 ,! cog5cy ( ! argum5t lies entirely 9 ! cumulative "* ( ! pro(4 ,x requires to be demon/rat$ by induction f a l>ge collection ( p>ticul> in/ances1 z well z by ! complex exhibition ( _m conv]g+ l9es ( evid5ce1 t ! te/imony ( "o small gr\p ( docum5ts1 or r1 ( "o p>ticul> manuscript1--7namely ! ,vatican ,codex ,b1 :i*1 = "s unexpla9$ reason1 x is j n[ ! fa%ion to reg>d ) sup]/iti\s def]5ce17--is ! rev]se ( tru/wor?y4 ,no?+ 9 fact b a consid]able ,treatise w ev] effectually break ! yoke ( t iron tyranny to :i* ! excell5t ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol & 8 colleagues h rec5tly b[$ _! necks2 & are n[ = impos+ on all ,engli%-speak+ m54 ,9 brief1 if ,i 7 n1 on ! "o h&1 ?or\ghly conv9c$ ( ! /r5g? ( my position1--7& ,i "k x to be absolutely impregnable72--yet m1 if on ! o!r h&1 ,i did n *]i% entire confid5ce 9 ! practical good s5se & fairness ( ! ,engli% m9d2--,i c\ld n h br\ght myself to come be=e ! public 9 ! unsy/ematic way :i* alone is possible 9 ! pages ( a ,review4 ,i mu/ h wait$1 at all haz>ds1 till ,i _h f9i%$ 8my ,book40 ,b !n1 delay w\ld h be5 fatal4 ,i saw pla9ly t unless a %>p bl[ 0 deliv]$ imm$iately1 ! ,citadel w\ld be 9 ! enemy's h&s4 ,i knew also t x 0 j possible to cond5se into #fj or #gj closely-pr9t$ pages :at mu/ logically prove fatal to ! 8,revision40 ,s ,i set to "w2 & dur+ ! long summ] days ( #ahha 7,june to ,septemb]7 ! =emo/ ( ^! ?ree ,articles 0 elaborat$4 ,:5 ! ,octob] numb] ( 8! ,qu>t]ly0 appe>$1 ,i com=t$ myself ) ! secret consci\sness t en\gh 0 by ?is "t on record1 ev5 _h my life be5 sudd5ly br\ght to a close1 to secure ! ultimate rejection ( ! 8,revision0 ( #ahha4 ,i knew t ! 8,new ,greek ,text10 7& !re=e ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion071 _h receiv$ its dea?-bl[4 ,x might = a few ye>s drag out a maim$ exi/5ce2 eag]ly def5d$ by "s1--timidly plead$ = by o!rs4 ,b su* ef=ts c\ld be ( no avail4 ,its days 7 already numb]$4 ,! effect ( m & yet m le>n$ inve/igation1--( m elaborate & m ext5d$ inquiry1--mu/ be to conv9ce mank9d m & yet m ?or\ghly t ! pr9ciples on :i* x _h be5 con/ruct$ 7 radically uns\nd4 ,9 ! end1 :5 p>tisan%ip _h cool$ d[n1 & passion _h evaporat$1 & prejudice _h ceas$ to f9d an auditory1 ! 8,revision0 ( #ahha mu/ come to be univ]sally reg>d$ z--:at x mo/ c]ta9ly is1--! mo/ a/oni%+1 z well z ! mo/ calamit\s lit]>y blund] ( ! ,age4 ,i4 ,i po9t$ out t 8! ,,new ,,greek ,,text10--:i*1 9 defiance ( _! in/ructions17#a7 ! ,revisioni/s ( 8! ,au?oriz$ ,engli% ,v]sion0 _h be5 s ill-advis$ z to sp5d t5 ye>s 9 elaborat+1--0 a :olly untru/wor?y p]=mance3 0 full ( ! grave/ errors f beg9n+ to end3 _h be5 con/ruct$ ?r\gh\t on an entirely mi/ak5 ,!ory4 ,avail+ myself ( ! publi%$ confession ( "o ( ! ,revisioni/s17#b7 ,i expla9$ ! nature ( ! calamity :i* _h befall5 ! ,revision4 ,i trac$ ! mis*ief home to its true au?ors1--,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort2 a copy ( ^: unpubli%$ ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 7! mo/ vici\s 9 exi/5ce7 _h be5 confid5tially1 & "u pl$ges ( ! /ricte/ secrecy1 plac$ 9 ! h&s ( e memb] ( ! revis+ ,body47#c7 ,i call$ att5tion to ! fact t1 unacqua9t$ ) ! difficult & delicate sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism1 ! ,revisioni/s _h1 9 an evil h\r1 surr5d]$ !mselves to ,dr4 ,hort's guidance3 _h pref]r$ 8 c\nsels to ^? ( ,preb5d>y ,scriv5]1 7an inf9itely m tru/wor?y guide73 & t ! "w be=e ! public 0 ! pite\s--b inevitable--result4 ,all ?is ,i expla9$ 9 ! ,octob] numb] ( ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review0 = #ahha47d7 ,,ii4 ,9 ?us demon/rat+ ! wor?lessness ( ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 ( ! ,revisioni/s1 ,i consid]$ t ,i _h de/roy$ ! key ( _! position4 ,& s p]=ce ,i _h3 = if ! und]ly+ ,greek ,text be mi/ak51 :at else b incorrect mu/ ! ,engli% ,translation be8 ,b on exam9+ ! s-call$ 8,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10 ,i spe$ily made ! fur!r discov]y t ! ,revis$ ,engli% w\ld h be5 9 itself intol]able1 ev5 _h ! ,greek be5 let alone4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 to my surprise & annoyance1 x prov$ to be a ,new ,translation 7r ?an a ,revision ( ! ,old7 :i* _h be5 attempt$4 ,pa9fully app>5t 7 ! tok5s :i* met me on e side t ! ,revisioni/s _h be5 supremely eag] n s mu* to correct none b 8pla9 & cle> errors10--z to introduce z _m *anges into ! ,engli% ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,scriptures z !y conv5i5tly c\ld47#e7 ,a skitti% impati5ce ( ! admirable "w be=e !m1 & a /range inability to appreciate its manifold excell5ces3--a s+ul> imag9ation on ! "p ( ! promiscu\s ,company :i* met 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] t !y 7 compet5t to improve ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion 9 e "p1 & an unacc\ntable =getfulness t ! fundam5tal condition "u :i* ! task ( ,revision _h be5 by !mselves und]tak51 0 t !y %\ld ab/a9 f all b 8necess>y0 *anges3--?is prov$ to be only "p ( ! (f5ce :i* ! ,revisioni/s _h committ$4 ,x 0 f\nd t !y _h err$ ?r\gh defective ,s*ol>%ip to an ext5t1 & ) a frequ5cy1 :i* to me is simply inexplicable4 ,i accord+ly made x my bus9ess to demon/rate all ?is 9 a second ,article :i* appe>$ 9 ! next 7! ,janu>y7 numb] ( ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review10 & 0 entitl$ 8,,! ,,new ,,engli% ,,translation407#f7 ,,iii4 ,!reupon1 a pret5ce 0 set up 9 _m qu>t]s1 7b only by ! ,revisioni/s & _! fri5ds17 t all my lab\r hi!rto _h be5 ?r[n away1 because ,i _h omitt$ to disprove ! pr9ciples on :i* ?is 8,new ,greek ,text0 is f\nd$4 ,i flatt]$ myself inde$ t q en\gh _h be5 said to make x logically c]ta9 t ! und]ly+ 8,textual ,!ory0 mu/ be wor?less4 ,b ,i 0 n suff]$ to *]i% ?is conviction 9 quiet4 ,x 0 aga9 & aga9 ca/ 9 my tee? t ,i _h n yet grappl$ ) ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's 8argum5ts40 8,in/ead ( condemn+ _! ,text1 :y d y n disprove _! ,!ory80 ,x 0 taunt+ly ins9uat$ t ,i knew bett] ?an to cross swords ) ! two ,cambridge ,pr(essors4 ,?is r$uc$ me to ! necessity ( ei!r leav+ x to be inf]r$ f my sil5ce t ,i _h f\nd ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's 8argum5ts0 unansw]able2 or else ( com+ =w>d ) _! book 9 my h&1 & demon/rat+ t 9 _! solemn pages an att5tive read] f9ds himself enc\nt]$ by no?+ b a s]ies ( unsupport$ assumptions3 t _! 7s call$7 8,!ory0 is 9 reality no?+ else b a weak ef=t ( ! ,imag9ation3 t ! tissue :i* ^! accompli%$ s*ol>s h be5 ?irty ye>s 9 elaborat+1 proves on inspection to be z flimsy & z wor?less z any spid]'s web4 ,i made x my bus9ess 9 consequ5ce to expose1 some:at 9 detail1 79 a ?ird ,article1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review0 = ,april #ahhb71 ! absolute absurdity1--7,i use ! ^w advis$ly7--( 8,,we/cott ,,& ,,hort',s ,,new ,,textual ,,!ory207#g7 & ,i n[ respectfully comm5d ^? #acj pages to ! att5tion ( c&id & unprejudic$ read]s4 ,x 7 idle to expect to conv9ce any o!rs4 ,we h x on good au?ority 7,dr4 ,we/cott's7 t 8he :o has long pond]$ ov] a tra9 ( ,reason+1 becomes unable to detect its weak po9ts407#h7 ,a yet /rang] ph5om5on is1 t ^? :o h once committ$ !mselves to an errone\s ,!ory1 seem to be incapable ( op5+ _! eyes to ! untru/wor?9ess ( ! fabric !y h erect$1 ev5 :5 x comes d[n 9 _! sight1 l a *ild's h\se built ) play+-c>ds1--& pres5ts to e eye b _! own ! appe>ance ( a %apeless ru94 #a4 ,two full ye>s h elaps$ s9ce ! fir/ ( ^! ,essays 0 publi%$2 & my ,criticism--= ! be/ ( reasons--rema9s to ?is h\r unansw]$4 ,! public has be5 assur$ inde$1 79 ! c\rse ( "s hy/]ical rem>ks by ,canon ,f>r>7#i771 t 8! #8,qu>t]ly ,review]' c be refut$ z fully z he desires z soon z any s*ol> has ! leisure to answ] him40 ,! 8,qu>t]ly ,review]0 c af=d to wait1--if ! ,revis]s c4 ,b !y are rem9d$ t x is no answ] to "o :o has demoli%$ _! ma/]'s 8,!ory10 = ! pupils to keep on reproduc+ fragm5ts ( x2 & by _! mi/akes & exagg]ations1 to make bo? !mselves & him1 ridicul\s4 #b4 ,?us1 a writ] 9 ! 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly0 = ,janu>y #ahhb1 7^: k ( ! subject is entirely d]iv$ f :at ,dr4 ,hort has taught him17--be+ evid5tly mu* ex]cis$ by ! fir/ ( my ?ree ,articles 9 ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review10--gravely in=ms ! public t 8x is useless to p>ade su* an array ( v5]able witnesses10 7mean+ ! enum]ations ( ,fa!rs ( ! ,i,i,ird1 ,i,vth1 & ,v? c5turies :i* are giv5 bel[1 at pp4 #db-d3 #hj-a3 #hd3 #acc3 #bab-c3 #cei-fj3 #dba3 #dbc3 #dhf-ij37--8;= !y h absolutely no?+ to say :i* des]ves a mom5t's he>+407#aj7--,:at a pity x is1 7:ile he 0 ab\t x71 t ! le>n$ g5tleman did n g on to expla9 t ! moon is made ( gre5 *eese6 #c4 ,dr4 ,s&ay17#aa7 9 a k9dr$ _s1 deliv]s x z 8 op9ion1 t 8! "o ?+0 ,i lack 8is a grasp on ! c5tral condition ( ! problem30--t ,i d 8n seem to h ! fa9te/ glimm]+ ( ! pr9ciple ( #8,g5ealogy3' 0--t ,i am 8all at sea30--t my 8heavie/ batt]ies are dis*>g$ at r&om30--& a great deal m to ! same effect4 ,! le>n$ ,pr(essor is q welcome to ?9k su* ?+s ( me1 if he pleases4 4 #d4 ,at ! end ( a ye>1 a ,review] ( q a diff]5t calibre made 8 appe>ance 9 ! ,janu>y numb] 7#ahhc7 ( ! 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly30 9 return = ^: n v enc\rag+ e/imate ( my lab\rs1 ,i gladly record my conviction t if he w s]i\sly apply 8 p[]ful & accurate m9d to ! dep>tm5t ( ,textual ,criticism1 he w probably produce a "w :i* w help mat]ially to e/abli% ! /udy 9 :i* he takes su* an intellig5t int]e/1 on a sci5tific basis4 ,b !n1 he is invit$ to accept ! fri5dly assurance t ! indisp5sable condition ( success 9 ?is dep>tm5t is1 t a man %\ld give to ! subject1 7:i* is a v intricate "o & ab\nds 9 unexplor$ problems71 8 undivid$ att5tion = an ext5d$ p]iod4 ,i tru/ !re is no?+ unreasonable 9 ! sugge/ion t "o :o has n done ?is1 %\ld be v circumspect :5 he sits 9 judgm5t on a neighb\r ( 8 :o1 = v _m ye>s pa/1 has giv5 to ,textual ,criticism ! :ole ( 8 "t2--has freely sacrific$ heal?1 ease1 relaxation1 ev5 necess>y re/1 to ?is "o object2--has made x 8 "o bus9ess to acquire su* an indep5d5t ma/]y ( ! subject z %all qualify him to d battle successfully = ! imp]ill$ lett] ( ,,god',s ,^w4 ,my fri5d h[ev] ?9ks diff]5tly4 ,he says ( me1-- 8,9 8 fir/ ,article !re 0 some?+ amus+ 9 ! simplicity ) :i* #8,lloyd's ,greek ,te/am5t' 7:i* is only a conv5i5t little ,ox=d edition ( ! ord9>y k9d7 0 put =? z ! f9al /&>d ( appeal4 ,x recall$ to our recollection ,b5tley's s>casm ^u ! text ( ,/ephanus1 :i* #8y\r le>n$ ,:itbyus' takes = ! sacr$ orig9al 9 e syllable40 7,p4 #ced47 #e4 ,on ref]r+ to ! passage :]e my 8simplicity0 has af=d$ amusem5t to a fri5d ^: brilliant conv]sation is always a delight to me1 ,i read z foll[s1-- 8,x is discov]$ t 9 ! #aaa 7out ( #cbj7 pages ( a copy ( ,lloyd's ,greek ,te/am5t1 9 :i* alone ^! five manuscripts are collectively available = comp>ison 9 ! ,gospels1--! s]i\s deflections ( ,a f ! ,textus ,receptus am\nt 9 all to only #hdb3 :]eas 9 ,c !y am\nt to #agih3 9 ,b1 to #bcgj3 9 1 to #ccib3 9 ,d1 to #dfig4 ,! read+s peculi> to ,a )9 ! same limits are #acc3 ^? peculi> to ,c are #agj4 ,b ^? ( ,b am\nt to #aig3 :ile exhibits #ddc3 & ! read+s peculi> to ,d 7)9 ! same limits71 are no few] ?an #ahbi4444 ,we submit t ^! facts are n altoge!r calculat$ to inspire confid5ce 9 codices ,b ,c ,d407#ab7 #f4 ,b h[ 7let me ask7 does x appe> f ?is1 t ,i h 8put =? ,lloyd's ,greek ,te/am5t z ! f9al /&>d ( ,appeal08 ,true1 t1 9 ord] to exhibit cle>ly _! respective div]g5ces1 ,i h ref]r$ five fam\s codices 7,a ,b ,c ,d7--c]ta9 ( :i* are f\nd to h turn$ ! bra9 ( ,critics ( ! new s*ool--to "o & ! same famili> exhibition ( ! commonly receiv$ ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t3 b by s do+ ,i h n by any means assum$ ! ,textual purity ( t common /&>d4 ,9 o!r words ,i h n made x 8! f9al /&>d ( ,appeal40 ,all ,critics1--:]ev] f\nd1--at all times1 h collat$ ) ! commonly receiv$ ,text3 b only z ! mo/ conv5i5t /&>d ( ,comp>ison2 n1 surely1 z ! absolute /&>d ( ,excell5ce4 ,! result ( ! exp]im5t already ref]r$ to1--7&1 ,i beg to say1 x 0 an exce$+ly labori\s exp]im5t17--has be51 to demon/rate t ! five ,manuscripts 9 "q /& ap>t f "o ano!r 9 ! foll[+ proportions3-- #hdb 7,a7 3 #agih 7,c7 3 #bcgj 7,b7 3 #ccib 77 3 #dfig 7,d74 ,b w\ld n ! same result h be5 obta9$ if ! 8five old uncials0 _h be5 ref]r$ to any o!r common /&>d :i* c be nam$8 ,9 ! meantime1 :at else is ! inevitable inf]5ce f ?is ph5om5on b t f\r out ( ! five mu/ be--:ile all ! five may be--outrage\sly deprav$ docum5ts8 in/ead ( be+ fit to be made our exclusive guides to ! ,tru? ( ,scripture1--z ,critics ( ! s*ool ( ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles w\ld h u believe t !y are8 #g4 ,i cit$ a book :i* is 9 ! h&s ( e s*oolboy1 7,lloyd's 8,greek ,te/am5t107 only 9 ord] to facilitate ref]5ce1 & to make sure t my /atem5ts w\ld be at once und]/ood by ! lea/ le>n$ p]son :o c\ld be suppos$ to h access to ! 8,qu>t]ly40 ,i presum$ e s*ol> to be aw>e t ,bp4 ,lloyd 7#ahbg7 pr(esses to reproduce ,mill's text2 & t ,mill 7#agjg7 reproduces ! text ( ,/eph5s27#ac7 & t ,/eph5s 7#aeej7 exhibits ) suffici5t accuracy ! ,traditional text1--:i* is confess$ly at lea/ #aecj ye>s old47#ad7 ,n[1 if a tol]able approximation to ! text ( ,a4,d4 #cej may n be accept$ z a /&>d ( ,comp>ison1--w ! writ] 9 ! 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly0 be s oblig+ z to in=m u :i* exhibition ( ! sacr$ ,text may8 #h4 ,a pamphlet by ! ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol17#ae7 :i* appe>$ 9 ,april #ahhb1 rema9s to be consid]$4 ,writt5 expressly 9 def5ce ( ! ,revis]s & _! ,new ,greek ,text1 ?is composition displays a sl5d]ness ( acqua9tance ) ! subject n[ "u discussion1 = :i* ,i 0 little prep>$4 ,inasmu* h[ev] z x is ! production ( ! ,*airman ( ! ,revisioni/ body1 & pr(esses to be a reply to my fir/ two ,articles1 ,i h be/[$ ^u x an elaborate & p>ticul> rejo9d] ext5d+ to an hundr$-&-fifty pages47#af7 ,i %all 9 consequ5ce be v brief conc]n+ x 9 ?is place4 #i4 ,! respect$ writ] does no?+ else b reproduce ,we/cott & ,hort's !ory 9 ,we/cott & ,hort's words4 ,he contributes no?+ ( 8 own4 ,! s+ul> infelicity :i* att5d$ 8 compla9t t ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review]0 8c5sures _! ,we/cott & ,hort's ,text10 b1 8has n attempt$ a s]i\s exam9ation ( ! argum5ts :i* !y allege 9 its support10 ,i h suffici5tly dwelt ^u else:]e47#ag7 ,! re/ ( ! ,bi%op's cont5tion may be summ$ up 9 two propositions3--,! fir/1 7,i47 ,t if ! ,revisioni/s are wrong 9 _! 8,new ,greek ,text10 !n 7n only ,we/cott & ,hort1 b7 ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles mu/ be wrong also1--a /atem5t :i* ,i hold to be incontrov]tible4--,! ,bi%op's o!r position is also und5iable3 viz4 7,,ii47 ,t 9 ord] to pass an equitable judgm5t on anci5t docum5ts1 !y are to be c>efully /udi$1 closely comp>$1 & te/$ by a m sci5tific process ?an r\gh comp>ison ) ! ,textus ,receptus47#ah7444 ,?us1 on bo? heads1 ,i f9d myself entirely at "o ) ,bp4 ,ellicott4 #aj4 ,& yet1--z ! la/ #aej pages ( ! pres5t volume %[1--,i h ! mis=tune to be at issue ) ! le>n$ writ] on almo/ e p>ticul> :i* he proposes = discussion4 ,?us1 #aa4 ,at page #fd ( 8 pamphlet1 he fa/5s resolutely ^u ! fam\s problem :e!r 8,,god0 771 or 8:o0 771 is to be read 9 #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,i _h upheld ! =m] read+ 9 eight pages4 ,he cont5ds = ! latt]1 ) some?+ l acrimony1 9 twelve47#ai7 ,i h be5 at ! pa9s1 9 consequ5ce1 to write a 8,,diss]tation0 ( sev5ty-six pages on ?is important subject17#bj7--! prep>ation ( :i* 7may ,i be all[$ to record ! circum/ance 9 pass+87 occupi$ me closely = six mon?s17#ba7 & tax$ me sev]ely4 ,?us1 ! only po9t :i* ,bi%op ,ellicott has condesc5d$ to discuss argum5tatively ) me1 w be f\nd to enjoy full half ( my lett] to him 9 reply4 ,! 8,diss]tation0 ref]r$ to1 ,i submit ) humble confid5ce to ! judgm5t ( educat$ ,engli%m54 ,x requires no le>n+ to und]/& ! case4 ,& ,i h p>ticul>ly to reque/ t ^? :o w be at ! pa9s to look into ?is "q1 w rememb]1--7#a7 ,t ! place ( ,scripture discuss$ 7viz4 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af7 0 delib]ately select$ = a trial ( /r5g? by ! ,bi%op3 7,i %\ld n h *os5 x myself73--7#b7 ,t on ! issue ( ! cont5tion :i* he has ?us himself invit$1 we h respectively /ak$ our critical reputation4 ,! discussion exhibits v fairly our two me?ods1--8 & m9e2 & 8is ( great importance z an example10 8illu/rat+ 9 a /rik+ mann]0 our respective positions1--z ! ,bi%op himself has be5 c>eful to rem9d 8 read]s47#bb7 #ab4 ,"o m]ely desir\s ( tak+ a g5]al survey ( ?is "q1 is invit$ to read f page #dhe to #dif ( ! pres5t volume4 ,to und]/& ! case ?or\ghly1 he mu/ submit to ! lab\r ( beg9n+ at p4 #dbd & read+ d[n to p4 #eja4 #ac4 ,a ?\ghtful p]son :o has be5 at ! pa9s to d ?is1 w be apt on lay+ d[n ! book to ask1--8,b is x n v rem>kable t s _m z five ( ! anci5t ,v]sions %\ld fav\r ! read+ #8:i*1' 72 17 in/ead ( #8,,god' 7708--8,yes1 x is v rem>kable10 ,i answ]4 8,= ?\gh ! ,old ,lat9 & ! two ,egyptian ,v]sions are con/antly obs]v$ to conspire 9 error1 !y r>ely f9d allies 9 ! ,pes*ito & ! ?iopic4 ,on ! o!r h&1 y are to rememb] t besides ,,v]sions1 ! ,,fa!rs h to be inquir$ aft]3 :ile m important ?an ei!r is ! te/imony ( ! ,,copies4 ,n[1 ! comb9$ witness to #8,,god' 771--s multitud9\s1 s respectable1 s v>i$1 s unequivocal1--( ! ,copies & ( ! ,fa!rs 79 addition to ?ree ( ! ,v]sions7 is simply ov]:elm+4 ,x becomes und5iable t is by f> ! be/ support$ read+ ( ! pres5t place40 #ad4 ,:51 h[ev]1 su* an "o z ,tis*5dorf or ,tregelles1--,hort or ,ellicott1--w\ld put me d[n by rem9d+ me t half-a-doz5 ( ! olde/ ,v]sions are aga9/ me1--8,t argum5t0 7,i reply7 8is n all[able on y\r lips4 ,= if ! unit$ te/imony ( five ( ! ,v]sions really be1 9 y\r acc\nt1 decisive1--,:y d y d5y ! g5u95ess ( ! la/ ,twelve ,v]ses ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 :i* are recogniz$ by e "o ( ! ,v]sions8 ,^? ,v]ses are besides atte/$ by e kn[n ,copy1 except two ( bad "*3 by a mighty *orus ( ,fa!rs3 by ! unfalt]+ ,tradition ( ! ,*ur* univ]sal4 ,fir/ remove f ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #bj1 y\r br& ( suspicion1 & !n come back to me 9 ord] t we may discuss toge!r h[ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is to be read4 ,& yet1 :5 y come back1 x mu/ n be to plead 9 fav\r ( #8:o' 771 9 place ( #8,,god' 774 ,= n #8:o' 771 rememb]1 b #8:i*' 77 is ! read+ advocat$ by ^? five e>lie/ ,v]sions40 444 ,9 o!r words1--! read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 :i* ! ,revis]s h adopt$1 enjoys1 7z ,i h %[n f page #dbh to page #eja71 ! feeble/ atte/ation ( any2 besides be+ condemn$ by int]nal consid]ations & ! univ]sal ,tradition ( ! ,ea/]n ,*ur*4 #ae4 ,i pass on1 aft] mode/ly ask+1--,is x too mu* to hope1 7,i covet no o!r gu]don = my lab\r67 t we %all he> no m ab\t sub/itut+ 8:o0 = 8,,god0 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af8 ,we may n g on disput+ = ev]3 & surely1 until m5 are able to produce "s m cog5t evid5ce ?an has yet come to light 9 support ( 8! my/]y ( godl9ess1 :o0 7 3 71--all s9c]e inquir]s aft] ,tru? are b\nd to accept t read+ :i* has be5 demon/rat$ to be by f> ! be/ atte/$4 ,en\gh h[ev] on ?is head4 #af4 ,x 0 said j n[ t ,i cordially concur ) ,bp4 ,ellicott 9 ! second ( 8 two propositions1--viz4 ,t 8no equitable judgm5t c be pass$ on anci5t docum5ts until !y are c>efully /udi$1 & closely comp>$ ) ea* o!r1 & te/$ by a m sci5tific process ?an r\gh comp>ison )0 ! ,textus ,receptus4 ,i wi% to add a few words on ?is subject3 ! r1 because :at ,i am ab\t to say w be f\nd z applicable to my ,review] 9 ! 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly0 z to ! ,bi%op4 ,bo? h misappreh5d$ ?is matt]1 & 9 exactly ! same way4 ,:]e su* accompli%$ ,s*ol>s h err$1 :at wond] if ord9>y read]s %\ld f9d !mselves all a-field8 #ag4 ,9 ,textual ,criticism !n1 8r\gh comp>ison0 c seldom1 if ev]1 be ( any real use4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! exact ,collation ( docum5ts :e!r anci5t or mod]n ) ! receiv$ ,text1 is ! necess>y f\ndation ( all sci5tific ,criticism4 ,i employ t ,text1--7z ,mill1 ,b5tley1 ,wet/e92 ,griesba*1 ,mat?i1 ,s*olz2 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1 ,scriv5]1 employ$ x be=e me17--n z a crit]ion ( ,excell5ce1 b z a /&>d ( ,comp>ison4 ,all ?is w be f\nd fully expla9$ bel[1 f page #chc to page #cia4 ,:5ev] ,i w\ld judge ( ! au!nticity ( any p>ticul> read+1 ,i insi/ on br++ x1 :]ev] f\nd1--:e!r 9 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr & ,ir5u1 on ! "o h&2 or 9 ,/eph5s & ,elzevir1 on ! o!r2--to ! te/ ( ,ca?olic ,antiquity4 ,if t witness is cons5ti5t1 or v ne>ly s1 :e!r = or aga9/ any giv5 read+1 ,i hold x to be decisive4 ,to no o!r sy/em ( arbitration w ,i submit myself4 ,i decl9e to recognise any o!r crit]ion ( ,tru?4 #ah4 ,:at compels me to repeat ?is s (t51 is ! impati5t self-suffici5cy ( ^! la/ days1 :i* is = break+ away f ! old re/ra9ts2 & = erect+ ! individual consci5ce into an au?ority f :i* !re %all be no appeal4 ,i "k b too well h[ labori\s is ! sci5tific me?od :i* ,i advocate4 ,a long summ] day disappe>s1 :ile ! /ud5t--) all 8 appliances ab\t him--is resolutely ?re%+ out "s m9ute textual problem4 ,ano!r1 & yet ano!r bright day vani%es4 ,comes ,saturday ev5+ at la/1 & a page ( illegible manuscript is all t he has to %[ = a week's heavy toil4 ,qu\sque t&em8 ,& yet1 x is ! indisp5sable condition ( progress 9 an unexplor$ region1 t a few %\ld ?us lab\r1 until a pa? has be5 cut ?r\gh ! =e/1--a road laid d[n1--huts built1--a modus viv5di e/abli%$4 ,9 ?is dep>tm5t ( sacr$ ,sci5ce1 m5 h be5 go+ on too long inv5t+ _! facts1 & deliv]+ !mselves ( oracul> decrees1 on ! sole responsibility ( _! own inn] consci\sness4 ,!re is great conv5i5ce 9 su* a me?od c]ta9ly1--a *>m+ simplicity :i* is 9 a high degree attractive to fle% & blood4 ,x disp5ses ) pro(4 ,x furni%es no evid5ce4 ,x ass]ts :5 x ought to argue47#bc7 ,x reit]ates :5 x is call$ ^u to expla947#bd7 8,i am sir ,oracle40 444 ,?is1--:i* ,i v5ture to /yle ! unsci5tific me?od1--rea*$ its culm9at+ po9t :5 ,pr(essors ,we/cott & ,hort rec5tly put =? _! ,rec5sion ( ! ,greek ,text4 ,_! "w is inde$ q a psy*ological curiosity4 ,incompreh5sible to me is x h[ two able m5 ( discipl9$ und]/&+s c h s]i\sly put =? ! volume :i* !y call 8,,introduction--,,app5dix40 ,x is ! v ,r$uctio ad absurdum ( ! uncritical me?od ( ! la/ fifty ye>s4 ,& x is especially 9 opposition to ?is new me?od ( !irs t ,i s /r5u\sly insi/ t ! cons5ti5t voice ( ,ca?olic ,antiquity is to be dilig5tly inquir$ aft] & submissively li/5$ to2 = t ?is1 9 ! end1 w prove our only safe guide4 #ai4 ,let ?is be a suffici5t reply to my ,review] 9 ! 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly0--:o1 ,i obs]ve1 notes1 z a fundam5tal defect 9 my ,articles1 8! want ( a consi/5t work+ ,!ory1 su* z w\ld enable u to weigh1 z well z c\nt1 ! suffrages ( ,,mss41 ,v]sions1 & ,fa!rs407#be7 ,he is rem9d$ t x 0 no "p ( my bus9ess to prop\nd a 8,!ory40 ,my me?od ,i h expla9$ (t5 & fully en\gh4 ,my bus9ess 0 to prove t ! !ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1--:i* 7z ,bp4 ,ellicott's pamphlet proves7 has be5 ma9ly adopt$ by ! ,revisioni/s1--is n only a wor?less1 b an utt]ly absurd "o4 ,& ,i h prov$ x4 ,! me?od ,i p]si/5tly advocate 9 e case ( a suppos$ d\btful ,read+1 7,i say x = ! la/ "t1 & reque/ t ,i may be no m misrepres5t$17 is1 t an appeal %all be unres]v$ly made to ,ca?olic ,antiquity2 & t ! comb9$ v]dict ( ,manuscripts1 ,v]sions1 ,fa!rs1 %all be reg>d$ z decisive4 #bj4 ,i f9d myself1 9 ! mean "t1 met by ! sc(fs1 je]s1 misrepres5tations ( ! disciples ( ?is new ,s*ool2 :o1 in/ead ( produc+ hi/orical facts & intelligible argum5ts1 appeal to ! decrees ( _! tea*]s1--:i* ,i disall[1 & :i* !y are unable to sub/antiate4 ,!y delight 9 ann\nc+ t ,textual ,criticism made 8a fre% dep>ture0 ) ! edition ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort3 t ! "w ( ^? s*ol>s 8m>ks an era10 & is spok5 ( 9 ,g]many z 8epo*-mak+40 ,my own belief is1 t ! ,edition 9 "q1 if x be epo*-mak+ at all1 m>ks t epo* at :i* ! curr5t ( critical ?\ght1 rev]s+ its wayw>d c\rse1 began once m to fl[ 9 its anci5t heal?y *annel4 8,cl\d-l&0 hav+ be5 duly sight$ on ! #ad? ,septemb] #ahha17bf7 8a fre% dep>ture0 0 insi/$ ^u by public op9ion1--& a delib]ate return 0 made1--to t]ra firma1 & t]ra cognita1 & common s5se4 ,s f> f 8its p>am\nt claim to ! respect ( future g5]ations10 be+ 8! re/itution ( a m anci5t & a pur] ,text10--,i v5ture to pr$ict t ! edition ( ! two ,cambridge ,pr(essors w be h]eaft] rememb]$ z indicat+ ! fur!/ po9t ev] rea*$ by ! self-evolv$ imag9ations ( ,engli% disciples ( ! s*ool ( ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles4 ,! recoil promises to be complete4 ,engli% good s5se is ev] obs]v$ to prevail 9 ! long run2 al?\gh = a few ye>s a =eign fa%ion may acquire ! asc5dant1 & beguile a few un/able wits4 #ba4 ,x only rema9s to /ate t 9 republi%+ ^! ,essays ,i h avail$ myself ( ! opportunity to make sev]al corrections & additions2 z well z "h & !re to exp& :at be=e _h be5 too briefly deliv]$4 ,my le>n$ fri5d & k9d neighb\r1 ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,c[ley ,p[les1 has ably help$ me to correct ! %eets4 ,mu* valuable assi/ance has be5 zeal\sly r5d]$ me ?r\gh\t by my nephew1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,f4 ,rose1 ,vic> ( ,worle1 ,som]set%ire4 ,b ! unwe>i$ pati5ce & consummate skill ( my ,secret>y 7,m4 ,w47 passes praise4 ,e syllable ( ! pres5t volume has be5 transcrib$ by h] = ! press2 & to h] ,i am indebt$ = two ( my ,indices4--,! obligations "u :i* _m le>n$ m51 bo? at home & abroad1 h laid me1 w be f\nd fai?fully ackn[l$g$1 9 ! prop] place1 at ! foot ( ! page4 ,i am s9c]ely grateful to !m all4 #bb4 ,x w be readily believ$ t ,i h be5 sorely tempt$ to reca/ ! :ole & to /r5g!n my position 9 e "p3 b !n1 ! "w w\ld h no long] be51--8,?ree ,articles repr9t$ f ! ,qu>t]ly ,review40 ,e>ne/ly h ,i desir$1 = _m ye>s pa/1 to produce a sy/ematic ,treatise on ?is great subject4 ,my aspiration all along has be51 & /ill is1 9 place ( ! absolute ,empiricism :i* has hi!rto prevail$ 9 ,textual inquiry to exhibit ! logical outl9es ( :at1 ,i am p]suad$1 is de/9$ to become a truly delightful ,sci5ce4 ,b ,i m ?an long1--,i fairly a*e to h done ) ,controv]sy1 & to be free to devote myself to ! "w ( ,int]pretation4 ,my apology = be/[+ s l>ge a portion ( my "t on ,textual ,criticism1 is ,david's :5 he 0 reproa*$ by 8 bre?r5 = appe>+ on ! field ( battle1--8,is !re n a cause80 #bc4 ,=1--let x cle>ly be not$1--x is no long] ! case t critical d\bts conc]n+ ! sacr$ ,text are conf9$ to critical ,editions ( ! ,greek4 ,s long z s*ol>s 7 cont5t to v5tilate _! crot*ets 9 a little ar5a ( _! own1--h[ev] mi/ak5 !y might be1 & ev5 ?\gh !y *ang$ _! op9ions once 9 e t5 ye>s1--no great h>m 0 likely to come ( x4 ,/ud5ts ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t 7 sure to h _! att5tion call$ to ! subject1--:i* mu/ always be 9 ! highe/ degree desirable2 & x 0 to be expect$ t 9 ?is1 z 9 e o!r dep>tm5t ( le>n+1 ! progress ( ,inquiry w\ld result 9 gradual accessions ( c]ta9 ,k4 ,aft] _m ye>s x might be f\nd practicable to put =? by au?ority a c>efully consid]$ ,revision ( ! commonly receiv$ ,greek ,text4 #bd4 ,b in/ead ( all ?is1 a ,revision ( ! ,engli% ,au?oris$ ,v]sion hav+ be5 sanction$ by ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce 9 #ahga1 ! opportunity 0 eag]ly snat*$ at by two irresponsible s*ol>s ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge = obta9+ ! g5]al sanction ( ! ,revis+ body1 & ?us indirectly ( ,convocation1 = a private v5ture ( _! own1--_! own privately devis$ ,revision ( ! ,greek ,text4 ,on t ,greek ,text ( !irs1 7:i* ,i hold to be ! mo/ deprav$ :i* has ev] appe>$ 9 pr9t71 ) "s slight modifications1 our ,au?oris$ ,engli% ,v]sion has be5 sil5tly revis$3 sil5tly1 ,i say1 = 9 ! m>g9 ( ! ,engli% no record is pres]v$ ( ! und]ly+ ,textual *anges :i* h be5 introduc$ by ! ,revisioni/s4 ,on ! contr>y4 ,use has be5 made ( t m>g9 to ins9uate suspicion & di/ru/ 9 c\ntless p>ticul>s z to ! au!nticity ( ! ,text :i* has be5 suff]$ to rema9 unalt]$4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! c\ntry has be5 flood$ ) two editions ( ! ,new ,greek ,text2 & ?us ! door has be5 set wide op5 = univ]sal mi/ru/ ( ! ,tru? ( ,scripture to ent]4 #be4 ,ev5 s*oolboys1 x seems1 are to h ^! crude views ?ru/ ^u !m4 ,witness ! 8,cambridge ,greek ,te/am5t = ,s*ools10 edit$ by ,dean ,p][ne1--:o in=ms u at ! outset t 8! ,syndics ( ! ,cambridge ,univ]sity ,press h n ?\ght x desirable to repr9t ! text 9 common use40 ,a cons5sus ( ,drs4 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1--:o confess$ly employ$ ! self-same mi/ak5 major premiss 9 remodell+ ! ,sacr$ ,text1--seems1 9 a g5]al way1 to repres5t ^? ,syndics' notion ( ,textual purity4 ,by ?is means e mo/ s]i\s de=mity 9 ! edition ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 becomes promot$ to hon\r1 & is be+ ?ru/ on ! unsuspect+ y\? ( ,engl& z ! g5u9e utt]ance ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/4 ,w\ld x n h be5 ! fair]1 ! m fai?ful z well z ! m judici\s c\rse1--see+ t 9 respect ( ?is ab/ruse & important "q adhuc sub judice lis e/1--to wait pati5tly a:ile8 ,c]ta9ly n to snat* an opportunity 8:ile m5 slept10 & 9 ?is way indirectly to prejudge ! solemn issue6 ,n by su* me?ods is ! cause ( ,,god',s ,tru? on e>? to be promot$4 ,ev5 ?is h[ev] is n all4 ,bi%op ,lightfoot has be5 in=m$ t 8! ,bible ,society has p]mitt$ its ,translators to adopt ! ,text ( ! ,revis$ ,v]sion :]e x comm5ds itself to _! judgm5t407#bg7 ,9 o!r words1 p]sons :olly unacqua9t$ ) ! dang]s :i* beset ?is delicate & difficult problem are invit$ to det]m9e1 by ! light ( ,nature & on ! 8solv]e ambul&o0 pr9ciple1 :at is inspir$ ,scripture1 :at n3 & z a necess>y consequ5ce are enc\rag$ to dissem9ate 9 hea!n l&s ,read+s :i*1 a few ye>s h5ce1--7s at lea/ ,i v5ture to pr$ict17--w be univ]sally recogniz$ z wor?less4 #bf4 ,if all ?is does n con/itute a valid reason = desc5d+ into ! ar5a ( controv]sy1 x w\ld 9 my judgm5t be impossible to indicate an occasion :5 ! ,*ri/ian soldi] is call$ ^u to d s3--! r1 because c]ta9 ( ^? :o1 f _! rank & /ation 9 ! ,*ur*1 ought to be ! *ampions ( ! ,tru?1 are at ?is "t f\nd to be among its mo/ vigor\s assailants4 #bg4 ,let me1--7& ) ?is ,i conclude71--9 giv+ ! pres5t ,volume to ! _w1 be all[$ to reque/ t x may be accept$ z a sample ( h[ ,deans employ _! "t1--! use !y make ( _! opportunities4 ,n[h]e b "u ! %ad[ ( a ,ca!dral1 7or 9 a ,college17 c su* labori\s endeav\rs z ! pres5t pro ,ecclesi ,,dei be successfully prosecut$4 ,j4 ,w4 ,b4 ,,dean]y1 ,,*i*e/]1 ,,all ,,sa9ts' ,,day1 #ahhc4 ,,article ,i4 ,,! ,,new ,,greek ,,text4 8,"o "q 9 connexion ) ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ,i h purposely neglect$4 ,x seem$ useless to discuss its ,,revision4 ,! ,revision ( ! orig9al ,texts mu/ prec$e ! ,revision ( ! ,translation3 & ! "t = ?is1 ev5 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 has n yet fully come40--,,dr4 ,,we/cott47#bh7 8,x is my hone/ conviction t = any au?oritative ,,revision1 we are n yet mature2 ei!r 9 ,biblical le>n+ or ,hell5i/ic s*ol>%ip4 ,!re is good s*ol>%ip 9 ?is c\ntry1 444 b x has c]ta9ly n yet be5 suffici5tly direct$ to ! /udy ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 444 to r5d] any national attempt at ,,revision ei!r hopeful or la/+ly pr(itable40--,,bi%op ,,ellicott47#bi7 8,i am p]suad$ t a ,,revision ought to come3 ,i am conv9c$ t x w come4 ,n h[ev]1 ,i w\ld tru/1 z yet2 = we are n z yet 9 any respect prep>$ = x4 ,! ,greek & ! ,engli% :i* %\ld enable u to br+ ?is to a successful end1 might1 x is fe>$1 be want+ alike40--,,ar*bi%op ,,tr5*47#cj7 8,x is happ5$ unto !m accord+ to ! true prov]b1 2 & 40--#b ,,pet] ii4 #bb4 8,little *ildr51--,keep y\rselves f idols40--#a ,,john v4 #ba4 ,at a p]iod ( extraord9>y intellectual activity l ! pres5t1 x c occasion no surprise--al?\gh x may reasonably create anxiety--if ! mo/ sacr$ & *]i%$ ( our ,in/itutions are con/ra9$ ea* 9 turn to submit to ! ordeal ( ho/ile scrut9y2 sometimes ev5 to be> ! brunt ( actual attack4 ,:5 h[ev] at la/ ! v citadel ( reveal$ ,tru? is obs]v$ to h be5 rea*$1 & to be und]go+ sy/ematic assault & batt]y1 look]s-on may be excus$ if !y %[ !mselves m ?an usually solicit\s1 8ne quid detrim5ti ,civitas ,,dei capiat40 ,a ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t17#ca7 purport+ to h be5 execut$ by au?ority ( ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce1 & decl>+ itself ! exclusive prop]ty ( our two anci5t ,univ]sities1 has rec5tly 7#ag? ,may1 #ahha7 appe>$2 ( :i* ! ess5tial feature proves to be1 t x is f\nd$ on an entirely ,new ,rec5sion ( ! ,greek ,text47#cb7 ,a claim is at ! same "t set up on behalf ( ! la/-nam$ production t x exhibits a clos] approximation to ! inspir$ ,autographs ?an ! _w has hi!rto se54 ,n unreasonable !re=e is ! expectation ent]ta9$ by its ,au?ors t ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion0 f\nd$ on ?is 8,new ,greek ,text0 is de/9$ to sup]s$e ! 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion0 ( #afaa4 ,qu cum ita s9t1 x is cle>ly high "t t e fai?ful man among u %\ld be/ir himself3 & 9 p>ticul> t su* z h made ,greek ,textual ,criticism 9 any degree _! /udy %\ld address !mselves to ! inve/igation ( ! claims ( ?is1 ! late/ product ( ! comb9$ ,biblical le>n+ ( ! ,*ur* & ( ! sects4 ,= x mu/ be pla9 to all1 t ! issue :i* has be5 ?us at la/ rais$1 is ( ! mo/ s]i\s "*4 ,! ,au?ors ( ?is new ,revision ( ! ,greek h ei!r entitl$ !mselves to ! ,*ur*'s pr(\nd rev]5ce & abid+ gratitude2 or else !y h laid !mselves op5 to h] grave/ c5sure1 & mu/ exp]i5ce at h] h&s no?+ %ort ( /]n & well-m]it$ rebuke4 ,no middle c\rse pres5ts itself2 s9ce assur$ly to con/ruct a new ,greek ,text =m$ no "p ( ! ,in/ructions :i* ! ,revisioni/s receiv$ at ! h&s ( ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce4 ,r 7 !y w>n$ aga9/ v5tur+ on su* an exp]im5t2 ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! entire und]tak+ hav+ be5 decl>$ at ! outset to be--,t 8a ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion0 is desirable2 & ! t]ms ( ! orig9al ,resolution ( ,feb4 #aj?1 #ahgj1 be+1 t ! removal ( 8,,pla9 ,,& ,,cle> ,,errors0 0 alone contemplat$1--8:e!r 9 ! ,greek ,text orig9ally adopt$ by ! ,translators1 or 9 ! ,translation made f ! same40 ,su* 7 9 fact ! limits =mally impos$ by ,convocation1 7#aj? ,feb4 & #crd1 #e? ,may1 #ahgj17 on ! "w ( ,revision4 ,only ,,necess>y *anges 7 to be made4 ,! fir/ ,rule ( ! ,committee 7#be? ,may7 0 simil> 9 "*3 viz4--8,to introduce z few alt]ations z possible into ! ,text ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 consi/5tly ) fai?fulness40 ,b fur!r1 we 7 reconcil$ to ! prospect ( a ,revis$ ,greek ,text1 by not+ t a limit 0 prescrib$ to ! am\nt ( lic5ce :i* c\ld by possibility result1 by ! ins]tion ( a proviso1 :i* h[ev] is n[ discov]$ to h be5 entirely disreg>d$ by ! ,revisioni/s4 ,! condition 0 enjo9$ ^u !m t :5ev] 8decid$ly prepond]at+ evid5ce0 con/ra9$ _! adoption ( "s *ange 9 8! ,text f :i* ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion 0 made10 !y %\ld indicate su* alt]ation 9 ! m>g94 ,w x be believ$ t1 ?is not)/&+1 n "o ( ! _m alt]ations :i* h be5 introduc$ into ! orig9al ,text is s commemorat$8 ,on ! contr>y3 s+ul> to relate1 ! ,m>g9 is disfigur$ ?r\gh\t ) om9\s h9ts t1 _h 8,"s anci5t au?orities10 8,_m anci5t au?orities10 8,_m v anci5t au?orities10 be5 att5d$ to1 a va/ _m m *anges might1 c\ld1 w\ld1 or %\ld h be5 introduc$ into ! ,greek ,text ?an h be5 actually adopt$4 ,& yet1 ?is is precisely ! k9d ( record :i* we ought to h be5 sp>$3-- 7#a7 ,fir/1--,because x 0 pla9ly ext]nal to ! prov9ce ( ! ,revisioni/s to introduce any su* details into _! m>g9 at all3 _! v function be+1 on ! contr>y1 to inve/igate ,textual que/ions 9 conclave1 & to pres5t ! ord9>y ,read] ) ! result ( _! delib]ations4 ,_! bus9ess 0 to correct 8pla9 & cle> errors20 n1 c]ta9ly1 to inv5t a fre% crop ( unhe>d-( d\bts & difficulties4 ,?is fir/4--,n[1 7#b7 ,t a div]sity ( op9ion w\ld sometimes be f\nd to exi/ 9 ! revis+ body 0 to h be5 expect$1 b :5 once two-?irds ( _! numb] _h f9ally 8settl$0 any "q1 x is pla9ly unreasonable t ! discomfit$ m9ority %\ld claim ! privilege ( ev]more p>ad+ _! grievance be=e ! public2 & 9 effect %\ld be all[$ to repres5t t z a corporate d\bt1 :i* 0 9 reality ! result ( individual idiosyncrasy4 ,x is n reasonable t ! e*oes ( a =gott5 /rife %\ld be ?us prolong$ = ev]2 lea/ ( all 9 ! m>g9 ( 8! ,gospel ( peace40 7#c7 ,9 fact1 ! privilege ( figur+ 9 ! m>g9 ( ! ,n4 ,t41 7in/ead ( /&+ 9 ! ,text17 is ev5 att5d$ by a fatal result3 =1 7z ,bp4 ,ellicott rem>ks17 8! judgm5t commonly ent]ta9$ 9 ref]5ce to our pres5t m>g910 7i4e4 ! m>g9 ( ! ,a4 ,v47 is1 t its cont5ts are 8exegetically or critically sup]ior to ! ,text407#cc7 ,x w c]ta9ly be long be=e ?is popul> e/imate is unconditionally ab&on$4 ,b1 7#d7 ,especially d we deprecate ! introduction into ! m>g9 ( all ?is /range lore1 because we insi/ on behalf ( unle>n$ p]sons t !y ought n to be mole/$ ) in=mation :i* _c1 by possibility1 be ( ! slighte/ s]vice to !m3 ) vague /atem5ts ab\t 8anci5t au?orities10--( ! importance1 or unimportance1 ( :i* !y "k absolutely no?+1 nor inde$ ev] c "k4 ,unle>n$ read]s on tak+ ! ,revision into _! h&s1 7i4e4 at lea/ #iii read]s out ( #ajjj17 w nev] be aw>e :e!r ^! 7s-call$7 8,v>i\s ,read+s0 are to be scornfully sc\t$1 z no?+ else b anci5t p]v]sions ( ! ,tru?2 or else are to be lov+ly *]i%$1 z 8alt]native0 see ! ,revis]s' ,preface 7iii4 #a47 exhibitions ( ! inspir$ ,v]ity1--to _! own abid+ p]plexity & inf9ite di/ress4 ,und5iable at all ev5ts x is1 t ! effect :i* ^! ev]-recurr+ ann\ncem5ts produce on ! dev\t read] ( ,scripture is ! rev]se ( edify+3 is nev] helpful3 is always bewild]+4 ,a man ( ord9>y acut5ess c b exclaim1--8,yes1 v likely4 ,b :at ( x8 ,my eye happ5s to alight on #8,be!sda' 79 ,s4 ,john v4 #b72 aga9/ :i* ,i f9d 9 ! m>g91--#8,"s anci5t au?orities read ,be?saida1 o!rs ,be?za?a4' ,am ,i !n to und]/& t 9 ! judgm5t ( ! ,revisioni/s x is unc]ta9 :i* ( ^? ?ree names is "r80444 ,n s ! exp]t1 :o is ov]he>d to moralize conc]n+ ! ph5om5a ( ! case aft] a less c]emoni\s fa%ion3--8 #8,be?saida'6 ,yes1 ! old ,lat97#cd7 & ! ,vulgate17#ce7 c\nt5anc$ by "o manuscript ( bad "*1 s reads4 #8,be?za?a'6 ,yes1 ! blund] is f\nd 9 two manuscripts1 bo? ( bad "*4 ,:y d y n g on to tell u t ano!r manuscript exhibits #8,belze?a'8--ano!r 7support$ by ,eusebius7#cf7 & 9 "o place by ,cyril7#cg771 #8,beza?a'8 ,nay1 :y n say pla9ly t !re are f\nd to exi/ upw>ds ( ?irty blund]+ repres5tations ( ?is same ^w2 b t #8,be!sda'--7! read+ ( sixte5 uncials & ! :ole body ( ! cursives1 besides ! ,pes*ito & ,cureton's ,syriac1 ! ,arm5ian1 ,georgian & ,slavonic ,v]sions1--,didymus17#ch7 ,*ryso/om17#ci7 & ,cyril7#dj771--;is ! only reasonable way ( exhibit+ x8 ,to speak pla9ly1 ,:y encumb] y\r m>g9 ) su* a note at all80444 ,b we are mov+ =w>d too fa/4 ,x c nev] be any "q among s*ol>s1 t a fatal error 0 committ$ :5 a body ( ,div9es1 appo9t$ to revise ! ,au?oriz$ ,engli% ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,scriptures1 address$ !mselves to ! solution ( an entirely diff]5t & f> m intricate problem1 namely ! re-con/ruction ( ! ,greek ,text4 ,we are cont5t to pass ov] mu* t is di/ress+ 9 ! antec$5t hi/ory ( _! ent]prise4 ,we =be> at ?is "t ( day to inve/igate1 by an appeal to docum5ts & dates1 c]ta9 proce$+s 9 & out ( ,convocation1 on :i* x is kn[n t ! grave/ div]sity ( s5tim5t /ill prevails among ,*ur*m547#da7 ,?is we d1 n by any means z ourselves 8halt+ betwe5 two op9ions10 b only z s9c]ely desir\s t ! "w be=e u may /& or fall1 judg$ by its own intr9sic m]its4 ,:e!r or no ,convocation1--:5 x 8nom9at$ c]ta9 ( its own memb]s to und]take ! "w ( ,revision10 & au?oriz$ !m 8to ref] :5 !y consid]$ x desirable to ,div9es1 ,s*ol>s1 & ,lit]>y m51 at home or abroad1 = _! op9ion20--:e!r ,convocation int5d$ !reby to sanction ! actual co-optation into ! ,company appo9t$ by !mselves1 ( memb]s ( ! ,presbyt]ian1 ! ,wesleyan1 ! ,bapti/1 ! ,congregationali/1 ! ,soc9ian body2 ?is we v5ture to ?9k may fairly be d\bt$4--,:e!r aga9 ,convocation c h =ese5 t ( ! n9ety-n9e ,s*ol>s 9 all :o h tak5 "p 9 ?is "w ( ,revision1 only =ty-n9e w\ld be ,*ur*m51 :ile ! rema9+ fifty w\ld belong to ! sects37#db7--?is also we v5ture to ?9k may be reasonably call$ 9 "q4--,:e!r la/ly1 ! ,cant]bury ,convocation1 _h x be5 appeal$ to ) ref]5ce to 8! ,we/m9/]-,abbey sc&al0 7,june #bbnd1 #ahgj71 w\ld n h cle>$ itself ( ! suspicion ( complicity1 by an unequivocal resolution1--we ent]ta9 no mann] ( d\bt4--,b we decl9e to ent] ^u ^!1 or any o!r l matt]s4 ,our bus9ess is exclusively ) ! result at :i* ! ,revisioni/s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t h arriv$3 & x is to ?is t we n[ address ourselves2 ) ! m]e av[al ( our grave anxiety at ! spectacle ( an assembly ( s*ol>s1 appo9t$ to revise an ,engli% ,translation1 f9d+ !mselves call$ ^u1 z e fre% difficulty em]g$1 to develop ! skill requisite = critically revis+ ! orig9al ,greek ,text4 ,:at else is impli$ by ! v endeav\r1 b a s+ul> expectation t exp]ts 9 "o ,sci5ce may1 at a mom5t's notice1 %[ !mselves pr(ici5ts 9 ano!r1--& t "o ( ! mo/ difficult & delicate imag9able8 ,en\gh has be5 said to make x pla9 :y1 9 ! ensu+ pages1 we propose to pursue a diff]5t c\rse f t :i* has be5 adopt$ by ,review]s g5]ally1 s9ce ! memorable day 7,may #ag?1 #ahha7 :5 ! "w ( ! ,revisioni/s 0 = ! fir/ "t submitt$ to public scrut9y4 ,! "o po9t :i*1 ) r>e exceptions1 has ev] s9ce monopoliz$ att5tion1 has be5 ! m]its or dem]its ( _! ,engli% r5d]+ ( c]ta9 ,greek words & expressions4 ,b !re is cle>ly a "q ( prior int]e/ & inf9itely great] importance1 :i* has to be settl$ fir/3 namely1 ! m]its or dem]its ( ! *anges :i* ! same ,s*ol>s h tak5 ^u !mselves to introduce into ! ,greek ,text4 ,until x has be5 asc]ta9$ t ! result ( _! lab\rs exhibits a decid$ improvem5t ^u :at be=e 0 read1 x is cle>ly a m]e wa/e ( "t to enquire into ! m]its ( _! "w z ,revis]s ( a ,translation4 ,b 9 fact x has to be prov$ t ! ,revisioni/s h re/rict$ !mselves to ! removal ( 8pla9 & cle> errors0 f ! commonly receiv$ ,text4 ,we are di/ress$ to discov] t1 on ! contr>y1 !y h done some?+ q diff]5t4 ,! treatm5t :i* ! ,n4 ,t4 has exp]i5c$ at ! h&s ( ! ,revisioni/s recals ! fate ( "s anci5t edifice :i* confess$ly requir$ to be pa9t$1 pap]$1 sc\r$1--) a m9imum ( masons' & c>p5t]s' "w1--9 ord] to be inhabit$ ) com=t = ! next hundr$ ye>s3 b ^? entru/$ ) ! job 7 s ill-advis$ z to p]suade !mselves t x requir$ to be to a great ext5t rebuilt4 ,accord+ly1 9 an evil h\r !y set ab\t remov+ f\ndations1 & did s mu* /ructural mis*ief t 9 ! end x became necess>y to proce$ aga9/ !m = damages4 ,)\t ! remote/ int5tion ( impos+ views ( our own on ! g5]al ,read]1 b only to enable him to give 8 intellig5t ass5t to mu* t is to foll[1 we f9d ourselves con/ra9$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance1--be=e conduct+ him ov] any "p ( ! doma9 :i* ! ,revisioni/s h v5tur$ un9vit$ to occupy1--to premise a few ord9>y facts :i* lie on ! ?re%old ( ! sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism4 ,until ^! h be5 cle>ly appreh5d$1 no progress :atev] is possible4 7#a7 ,! provision1 !n1 :i* ! ,div9e ,au?or ( ,scripture is f\nd to h made = ! pres]vation 9 its integrity ( ,8 writt5 ,^w1 is ( a peculi>ly v>i$ & highly complex description4 ,fir/1--,by caus+ t a va/ multiplication ( ,,copies %\ld be requir$ all d[n ! ages1--beg9n+ at ! e>lie/ p]iod1 & cont9u+ 9 an ev]-increas+ ratio until ! actual inv5tion ( ,pr9t+1--,he provid$ ! mo/ effectual security imag9able aga9/ fraud4 ,true1 t millions ( ! copies s produc$ h long s9ce p]i%$3 b x is nev]!less a pla9 fact t !re survive ( ! ,gospels alone upw>ds ( "o ?\s& copies to ! pres5t day4 7#b7 ,next1 ,,v]sions4 ,! necessity ( translat+ ! ,scriptures into div]s languages = ! use ( diff]5t bran*es ( ! e>ly ,*ur*1 procur$ t _m an au!ntic record has be5 pres]v$ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t z x exi/$ 9 ! fir/ few c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,?us1 ! ,pes*ito ,syriac & ! old ,lat9 v]sion are believ$ to h be5 execut$ 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury4 8,x is no /ret* ( imag9ation0 7wrote ,bp4 ,ellicott 9 #ahgj17 8to suppose t portions ( ! ,pes*ito might h be5 9 ! h&s ( ,s4 ,john1 or t ! ,old ,lat9 repres5t$ ! curr5t views ( ! ,roman ,*ri/ians ( ! ,i,ind c5tury407#dc7 ,! two ,egyptian translations are ref]r$ to ! ,i,i,ird & ,i,vth4 ,! ,vulgate 7or revis$ ,lat97 & ! ,go?ic are also claim$ = ! ,i,vth3 ! ,arm5ian1 & possibly ! ?iopic1 belong to ! ,v?4 7#c7 ,la/ly1 ! requirem5ts ( assailants & apologi/s alike1 ! bus9ess ( ,comm5tators1 ! ne$s ( controv]siali/s & tea*]s 9 e age1 h result$ 9 a va/ accumulation ( additional evid5ce1 ( :i* x is sc>cely possible to ov]-e/imate ! importance4 ,= 9 ?is way x has come to pass t e fam\s ,doctor ( ! ,*ur* 9 turn has quot$ m or less l>gely f ! sacr$ writ+s1 & ?us has borne te/imony to ! cont5ts ( ! codices ) :i* he 0 individually famili>4 ,,patri/ic ,,citations accord+ly are a ?ird mighty safegu>d ( ! integrity ( ! deposit4 ,to weigh ^! ?ree in/rum5ts ( ,criticism--,,copies1 ,,v]sions1 ,,fa!rs--"o aga9/ ano!r1 is obvi\sly impossible on ! pres5t occasion4 ,su* a discussion w\ld gr[ at once into a treatise47#dd7 ,c]ta9 explanatory details1 toge!r ) a few words ( caution1 are z mu* z may be attempt$4 ,i4 ,&1 fir/ ( all1 ! read] has ne$ to be appris$ 7) ref]5ce to ! fir/-nam$ class ( evid5ce7 t mo/ ( our extant ,,copies ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,scriptures are comp>atively ( rec5t date1 rang+ f ! ,x? to ! ,x,i,vth c5tury ( our era4 ,t ^! are 9 e in/ance copies ( yet old] manuscripts1 is self-evid5t2 & t 9 ! ma9 !y repres5t fai?fully ! sacr$ autographs !mselves1 no reasonable p]son d\bts47#de7 ,/ill1 x is und5iable t !y are ?us sep>at$ by ab\t a ?\s& ye>s f _! inspir$ ar*etypes4 ,read]s are rem9d$1 9 pass+1 t ! little h&ful ( copies on :i* we rely = ! texts ( ,h]odotus & ,?ucydides1 ( s*ylus & ,sophocles1 are remov$ f _! orig9als by full #ejj ye>s m3 & t1 in/ead ( a ?\s&1 or half a ?\s& copies1 we are dep5d5t = ! text ( c]ta9 ( ^! au?ors on z _m copies z may be c\nt$ on ! f+]s ( "o h&4 ,9 tru?1 ! security :i* ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t enjoys is altoge!r unique & extraord9>y4 ,to specify "o s+le consid]ation1 :i* has nev] yet attract$ ne>ly ! am\nt ( att5tion x des]ves1--8,lection>ies0 ab\nd1 :i* e/abli% ! ,text :i* has be5 publicly read 9 ! *ur*es ( ! ,ea/1 f at lea/ ,a4,d4 #djj until ! "t ( ! inv5tion ( pr9t+4 ,b "h an important consid]ation claims special att5tion4 ,we allude to ! result ( increas$ acqua9tance ) c]ta9 ( ! olde/ extant codices ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,two ( ^!1--viz4 a copy 9 ! ,vatican te*nically indicat$ by ! lett] ,b1 & ! rec5tly-discov]$ ,s9aitic codex1 /yl$ aft] ! fir/ lett] ( ! ,hebrew alphabet 1--are ?\ght to belong to ! ,i,vth c5tury4 ,two are assign$ to ! ,v?1 viz4 ! ,alex&rian 7,a7 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 & ! rescript codex pres]v$ at ,p>is1 designat$ ,c4 ,"o is probably ( ! ,v,ith1 viz4 ! codex ,bez 7,d7 pres]v$ at ,cambridge4 ,s+ul> to relate1 ! fir/1 second1 f\r?1 & fif? ( ^! codices 7,b ,c ,d71 b especially ,b & 1 h )9 ! la/ tw5ty ye>s e/abli%$ a tyrannical asc5d5cy ov] ! imag9ation ( ! ,critics1 :i* c only be fitly spok5 ( z a bl9d sup]/ition4 ,x matt]s no?+ t all f\r are discov]$ on c>eful scrut9y to diff] ess5tially1 n only f n9ety-n9e out ( a hundr$ ( ! :ole body ( extant ,,mss4 besides1 b ev5 f "o ano!r4 ,?is la/ circum/ance1 obvi\sly fatal to _! corporate pret5sions1 is unacc\ntably ov]look$4 ,& yet x admits ( only "o satisfactory explanation3 viz4 t 9 diff]5t degrees !y all five exhibit a fabricat$ text4 ,betwe5 ! fir/ two 7,b & 7 !re subsi/s an am\nt ( s9i/] resemblance1 :i* proves t !y mu/ h be5 d]iv$ at no v remote p]iod f ! same corrupt orig9al4 ,tis*5dorf insi/s t !y 7 p>tly writt5 by ! same scribe4 ,yet d !y /& asund] 9 e page2 z well z diff] widely f ! commonly receiv$ ,text1 ) :i* !y h be5 c>efully collat$4 ,on be+ ref]r$ to ?is /&>d1 9 ! ,gospels alone1 ,b is f\nd to omit at lea/ #bhgg words3 to add1 #ecf3 to sub/itute1 #ice3 to transpose1 #bjih3 to modify1 #aacb 79 all #gegh73--! correspond+ figures = be+ sev]ally #cdee1 #hci1 #aaad1 #bbii1 #abfe 79 all #higb74 ,& be x rememb]$ t ! omissions1 additions1 sub/itutions1 transpositions1 & modifications1 are by no means ! same 9 bo?4 ,x is 9 fact easi] to f9d two consecutive v]ses 9 :i* ^! two ,,mss4 diff] ! "o f ! o!r1 ?an two consecutive v]ses 9 :i* !y entirely agree4 ,b by f> ! mo/ deprav$ text is t exhibit$ by codex ,d4 8,no kn[n manuscript conta9s s _m bold & ext5sive int]polations4 ,its v>iations f ! sacr$ ,text are beyond all o!r example407#df7 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n ! result ( its be+ ! mo/ rec5t ( ! five1 b 7s+ul> to relate7 is due to q an opposite cause4 ,x is ?\ght 7n )\t reason7 to exhibit a ,i,ind-c5tury text4 8,:5 we turn to ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les10 7says ! le>n$ editor ( ! codex 9 "q1 ,dr4 ,scriv5]17#dg77-- 8,we f9d ourselves confront$ ) a text1 ! l to :i* we h no exp]i5ce ( else:]e4 ,x is h>dly an exagg]ation to ass]t t codex ,d reproduces ! ,textus receptus mu* 9 ! same way t "o ( ! be/ ,*aldee ,t>gums does ! ,hebrew ( ! ,old ,te/am5t3 s wide are ! v>iations 9 ! diction1 s con/ant & invet]ate ! practice ( exp\nd+ ! n>rative by means ( int]polations :i* seldom recomm5d !mselves z g5u9e by ev5 a semblance ( int]nal probability40 8,vix dici pote/0 7says ,mill7 8quam supra omnem modum lic5t] se gess]it1 ac plane lasciv]it ,int]polator40 ,?\gh a l>ge portion ( ! ,gospels is miss+1 9 :at rema9s 7te/$ by ! same /&>d7 we f9d #cgjd words omitt$3 no less ?an #bbac add$1 & #baba sub/itut$4 ,! words transpos$ am\nt to #cdga3 & #aggb h be5 modifi$3 ! deflections f ! ,receiv$ ,text ?us am\nt+ 9 all to #ac1bha4--,next to ,d1 ! mo/ untru/wor?y codex is 1 :i* be>s on its front a memorable note ( ! evil repute "u :i* x has always lab\r$3 viz4 x is f\nd t at lea/ t5 revis]s betwe5 ! ,i,vth & ! ,x,i,ith c5turies busi$ !mselves ) ! task ( correct+ its _m & extraord9>y p]v]sions ( ! tru? ( ,scripture47#dh7--,next 9 impurity comes ,b3--!n1 ! fragm5t>y codex ,c3 our own ,a be+1 beyond all d\bt1 disfigur$ by ! fewe/ blemi%es ( any4 ,:at prec$es admits to "s ext5t ( fur!r num]ical illu/ration4 ,x is discov]$ t 9 ! #aaa 7out ( #cbj7 pages ( an ord9>y copy ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t1 9 :i* alone ^! five manuscripts are collectively available = comp>ison 9 ! ,gospels1--! s]i\s deflections ( ,a f ! ,textus receptus am\nt 9 all to only #hdb3 :]eas 9 ,c !y am\nt to #agih3 9 ,b1 to #bcgj3 9 1 to #ccib3 9 ,d1 to #dfig4 ,! read+s peculi> to ,a )9 ! same limits are #acc3 ^? peculi> to ,c are #agj4 ,b ^? ( ,b am\nt to #aig3 :ile exhibits #ddc3 & ! read+s peculi> to ,d 7)9 ! same limits71 are no few] ?an #ahbi4444 ,we submit t ^! facts--:i* result f m]ely ref]r+ five manuscripts to "o & ! same common /&>d--are by no means calculat$ to inspire confid5ce 9 codices ,b ,c ,d3--codices1 be x rememb]$1 :i* come to u )\t a "*1 )\t a hi/ory1 9 fact )\t antec$5ts ( any k9d4 ,b let ! le>n$ *airman ( ! ,new ,te/am5t company ( ,revisioni/s 7,bp4 ,ellicott7 be he>d on ?is subject4 ,he is *>act]iz+ ^! same 8old uncials10 :i* x is j n[ ! fa%ion--or r1 ! craze--to hold up z oracul>1 & to :i* 8 lord%ip is z devot$ly & bl9dly atta*$ z any ( 8 neighb\rs3-- 8,! simplicity & dignifi$ concis5ess0 7he says7 8( ! ,vatican manuscript 7,b73 ! great] expansiv5ess ( our own ,alex&rian 7,a73 ! p>tially mix$ *>act]i/ics ( ! ,s9aitic 773 ! p>aphra/ic tone ( ! s+ul> codex ,bez 7,d71 are n[ br\ght home to ! /ud5t407#di7 ,c\ld +5uity h devis$ sev]] satire ?an su* a description ( f\r pr(ess+ transcripts ( a book2 & t book1 ! ev]la/+ ,gospel itself8--transcripts1 be x obs]v$ 9 pass+1 on :i* x is j n[ ! fa%ion to rely implicitly = ! v or?ography ( prop] names1--! spell+ ( common words1--! m9uti ( gramm>4 ,:at 7we ask7 w\ld be ?\ght ( f\r su* 8copies0 ( ,?ucydides or ( ,%akspe>e8 ,imag9e x gravely propos$1 by ! aid ( f\r su* conflict+ docum5ts1 to re-adju/ ! text ( ! fun]al oration ( ,p]icles1 or to re-edit 8,hamlet40 ,risum t5eatis amici8 ,:y1 "s ( ! poet's mo/ famili> l9es w\ld cease to be recognizable3 e4g4 ,a1--8,toby or n ,toby2 t is ! "q30 ,b1--8,tob or n1 is ! "q30 1--8,to be a tub1 or n to be a tub2 ! "q is t30 ,c1--8,! "q is1 to beat1 or n to beat ,toby803 ,d 7! 8s+ul> codex071--8,! only "q is ?is3 to beat t ,toby1 or to be a tub80 ,& yet--)\t by any means subscrib+ to ! precise t]ms 9 :i* ! judici\s ,prelate *>act]izes ^? ignes fatui :i* h s p]si/5tly & egregi\sly l$ 8 lord%ip & 8 colleagues a/ray--7= inde$ "o seems r to be read+ a description ( f\r /yles ( composition1 or ( z _m fa%ions 9 ladies' dress1 ?an ( f\r copies ( ! ,gospel7--we h already furni%$ indirect pro( t 8 e/imate ( ! codices 9 "q is 9 ! ma9 correct4 ,fur!r acqua9tance ) !m does b int5sify ! bad "* :i* he has giv5 !m4 ,let no "o suppose t we d5y _! extraord9>y value1--_! unrivall$ critical int]e/1--nay1 _! actual use 9 help+ to settle ! tru? ( ,scripture4 ,:at we are j n[ insi/+ ^u is only ! deprav$ text ( codices ,a ,b ,c ,d1--especially ( ,b ,d4 ,& because ?is is a matt] :i* lies at ! root ( ! :ole controv]sy1 & because we _c af=d t !re %all exi/ 9 our read]'s m9d ! slighte/ d\bt on ?is "p ( ! subject1 we %all be con/ra9$ once & aga9 to tr\ble him ) detail$ specim5s ( ! cont5ts ( ,b1 c41 9 pro( ( ! ju/ice ( :at we h be5 alleg+4 ,we v5ture to assure him1 )\t a p>ticle ( hesitation1 t ,b ,d are ?ree ( ! mo/ sc&al\sly corrupt copies extant3--exhibit ! mo/ %amefully mutilat$ texts :i* are any:]e to be met )3--h become1 by :atev] process 7= _! hi/ory is :olly unkn[n71 ! depositories ( ! l>ge/ am\nt ( fabricat$ read+s1 anci5t blund]s1 & int5tional p]v]sions ( ,tru?1--:i* are discov]able 9 any kn[n copies ( ! ,^w ( ,,god4 ,b 9 fact take a s+le page ( any ord9>y copy ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t1--,bp4 ,lloyd's edition1 suppose4 ,turn to page #ahd4 ,x conta9s t5 v]ses ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel1 *4 viii4 #ce to #dd4 ,n[1 proce$ to collate ^? t5 v]ses4 ,y w make ! notable discov]y t1 )9 ^? n>r[ limits1 by codex ,d alone ! text has be5 deprav$ #ec times1 result+ 9 no less ?an #ajc corrupt read+s1 #ic ( :i* are f\nd only 9 ,d4 ,! words omitt$ by ,d are #dj3 ! words add$ are #d4 ,tw5ty-five words h be5 sub/itut$ = o!rs1 & #ad transpos$4 ,v>iations ( case1 t5se1 c41 am\nt to #af2 & ! phrase ( ! ,evangeli/ has be5 dep>t$ f #aa times4 ,happily1 ! o!r f\r 8old uncials0 are "h available4 ,& x is f\nd t 7)9 ! same limits1 & ref]r$ to ! same te/17 ,a exhibits #c omissions1 #b ( :i* are peculi> to ,a4--,b omits #ab words1 #f ( :i* are peculi> to ,b3 sub/itutes #c words3 transposes #d3 & exhibits #f less] *anges--#b ( !m be+ its own peculi> prop]ty4-- has #e read+s 7affect+ #h words7 peculi> to itself4 ,its omissions are #g3 its additions1 #b3 its sub/itutions1 #d3 #b words are transpos$2 & x exhibits #d less] discrepancies4--,c has #g read+s 7affect+ #ae words7 peculi> to itself4 ,its omissions are #d3 its additions1 #g3 its sub/itutions1 #g3 its words transpos$1 #g4 ,x has #b less] discrepancies1 & x alt]s ! ,evangeli/'s phrase #d times4 ,b 7we %all be ask$7 :at am\nt ( agreem5t1 9 respect ( 8,v>i\s ,read+s10 is discov]$ to subsi/ betwe5 ^! #e codices8 = t1 aft] all1 is ! practical "q4 ,we answ]1--,a has be5 already %[n to /& alone twice3 ,b1 #f times3 1 #h times3 ,c1 #ae times2 ,d1 #ic times4--,we h fur!r to /ate t ,a ,b /& toge!r by !mselves once3 ,b 1 #d times3 ,b ,c1 #a3 ,b ,d1 #a3 ,c1 #a3 ,c ,d1 #a4--;,a ,c conspire #a3 ,b ,c1 #a3 ,b ,d1 #a3 ,a ,b ,c1 once 7viz4 9 read+ 1 :i* ,tis*5dorf admits to be a corrupt read+73 ,b ,c ,d1 also once4--,! #e 8old uncials0 !re=e 7,a ,b ,c ,d7 comb9e1 & aga9 /& ap>t1 ) s+ul> imp>tiality4--,la/ly1 !y are nev] once f\nd to be 9 accord 9 respect ( any s+le 8v>i\s ,read+04--,w any "o1 aft] a c&id survey ( ! premisses1 deem u unreasonable1 if we av[ t su* a specim5 ( ! concordia discors :i* ev]y:]e prevails betwe5 ! olde/ uncials1 b :i* especially *>act]izes ,b ,d1 indisposes u greatly to suff] _! unsupport$ au?ority to det]m9e = u ! ,text ( ,scripture8 ,let no "o at all ev5ts obscure ! "o "q at issue1 by ask+1--8,:e!r we consid] ! ,textus ,receptus infallible80 ,! m]it or dem]it ( ! ,receiv$ ,text has absolutely no?+ :atev] to d ) ! "q4 ,we c>e no?+ ab\t x4 ,any ,text w\ld equally suit our pres5t purpose4 ,any ,text w\ld %[ ! 8old uncials0 p]petually at discord among !mselves4 ,to raise an irrelevant discussion1 at ! outset1 conc]n+ ! ,textus ,receptus3--to describe ! ha/e ) :i* ,erasmus produc$ ! fir/ publi%$ edition ( ! ,n4 ,t43--to make sport ab\t ! copies :i* he employ$3--all ?is k9d ( ?+ is ! proce$+ ( "o :o seeks to mislead 8 read]s3--to ?r[ du/ into _! eyes3--to div]t _! att5tion f ! problem actually be=e !m3--n--7z we confid5tly expect :5 we h to d ) su* writ]s z ^!7--! me?od ( a s9c]e lov] ( ,tru?4 ,to proce$1 h[ev]4 ,,ii4 & ,,iii4 ,no?+ has be5 said z yet conc]n+ ! ,text exhibit$ by ! e>lie/ ( ! ,,v]sions & by ! mo/ anci5t ( ! ,,fa!rs4 ,b1 = ! purpose we h j n[ 9 h&1 nei!r are su* details necess>y4 ,we desire to ha/5 =w>d4 ,a some:at full] review ( c]ta9 ( our olde/ available mat]ials might prove ev5 m disc\rag+4 ,b t w\ld only be because x is impossible1 )9 su* n>r[ limits z ! pres5t1 to give ! read] any idea at all ( ! weal? ( our actual res\rces2 & to conv9ce him ( ! ext5t to :i* ! lea/ tru/wor?y ( our guides prove 9 turn invaluable helps 9 correct+ ! exorbitances ( _! fell[s4 ,! practical result 9 fact ( :at has be5 hi!rto (f]$ is aft] all b ?is1 t we h to be on our gu>d aga9/ p9n+ our fai? exclusively on two or ?ree1--lea/ ( all on "o or two anci5t docum5ts2 & ( adopt+ !m exclusively = our guides4 ,we are %[n1 9 o!r words1 t x is utt]ly out ( ! "q to rely on any s+le set or gr\p ( au?orities1 mu* less on any s+le docum5t1 = ! det]m9ation ( ! ,text ( ,scripture4 ,happily1 our ,,manuscripts are num]\s3 mo/ ( !m are 9 ! ma9 tru/wor?y3 all ( !m repres5t f> old] docum5ts ?an !mselves4 ,our ,,v]sions 7two ( :i* are m anci5t by a c\ple ( c5turies ?an any sacr$ codex extant7 sev]ally correct & *eck "o ano!r4 ,la/ly1 9 ! writ+s ( a ho/ ( ,,fa!rs1--! pr9cipal be+ ,eusebius1 ,a?anasius1 ,basil1 ! ,gregories1 ,didymus1 ,epiphanius1 ,*ryso/om1 ! ,cyrils1 ,!odoret1--we are provid$ ) contemporane\s evid5ce :i*1 :5ev] x c be _h1 becomes an effectual safegu>d aga9/ ! unsupport$ decrees ( our olde/ codices1 ,a ,b ,c ,d1 z well z ! occasional vag>ies ( ! ,v]sions4 ,9 ! writ+s ( ,ir5u1 ,clem5s ,alex41 ,orig51 ,dionysius ,alex41 ,hippolytus1 we meet ) old] evid5ce /ill4 ,no m prec>i\s f\ndation = a read+1 9 fact1 c be nam$1 ?an ! unsupport$ advocacy ( a s+le ,manuscript1 or ,v]sion1 or ,fa!r2 or ev5 ( two or ?ree ( ^! comb9$4 ,b inde$ ! pr9ciple involv$ 9 ! =ego+ rem>ks admits ( be+ f> m broadly /at$4 ,x ev5 /&s to reason t we may safely reject any read+ :i*1 out ( ! :ole body ( available au?orities1--,manuscripts1 ,v]sions1 ,fa!rs1--f9ds support n[h]e save 9 "o & ! same little h&ful ( suspici\s docum5ts4 ,= we resolutely ma9ta91 t ext]nal ,evid5ce mu/ aft] all be our be/1 our only safe guide2 & 7to come to ! po9t7 we refuse to ?r[ 9 our lot ) ^? :o1 disreg>d+ ! witness ( e o!r kn[n ,codex--e o!r ,v]sion--e o!r available ,ecclesia/ical ,writ]1--insi/ on foll[+ ! dictates ( a little gr\p ( au?orities1 ( :i* no?+ :atev] is kn[n ) s mu* c]ta9ty z t (t51 :5 !y concur exclusively1 x is to mislead4 ,we speak ( codices ,b or or ,d2 ! ,i,xth-c5tury codex ,l1 & su* cursives7#ej7 z #ac or #cc2 a few copies ( ! old ,lat9 & "o ( ! ,egyptian v]sions3 p]haps ,orig54--,n !ory !re=e3--n prejudice3--n conjecture3--n unprov$ ass]tion3--n any s+le codex1 & c]ta9ly n codex ,b3--n an imag9>y 8,antio*5e ,rec5sion0 ( ano!r imag9>y 8,pre-,syrian ,text30--n antec$5t fancies ab\t ! aff9ity ( docum5ts3--nei!r 8! purely arbitr>y me?od ( g5ealogy10--nor "o man's notions 7:i* may be rev]s$ by ano!r man's notions7 ( 8,transcriptional ,probability30--n 8in/9ctive processes ( ,criticism10--lea/ ( all 8! individual m9d10 ) its 8suppos$ p[] ( div9+ ! ,orig9al ,text0--( :i* no intelligible acc\nt c be r5d]$3--no?+ ( ?is sort1--7h[ev] speci\s & plausible x may s\nd1 especially :5 set =? 9 confid5t language2 advocat$ ) a great %[ ( un9telligible le>n+2 support$ by a =midable array ( cabali/ic symbols & my/]i\s contractions2 above all :5 recomm5d$ by ju/ly respect$ names17--no?+ ( ?is sort1 we say1 mu/ be all[$ to det]m9e = u ! ,text ( ,scripture4 ,! v proposal %\ld set u on our gu>d aga9/ ! c]ta9ty ( imposition4 ,we deem x ev5 axiomatic1 t1 9 e case ( d\bt or difficulty--suppos$ or real--our critical me?od mu/ be ! same3 namely1 aft] pati5tly collect+ all ! available evid5ce1 !n1 )\t p>tiality or prejudice1 to adjudicate betwe5 ! conflict+ au?orities1 & loyally to accept t v]dict = :i* !re is cle>ly ! prepond]at+ evid5ce4 ,! be/ support$ ,read+1 9 o!r words1 mu/ always be held to be ! true ,read+3 & no?+ may be reject$ f ! commonly receiv$ ,text1 except on evid5ce :i* %all cle>ly outweigh ! evid5ce = reta9+ x4 ,we are glad to "k t1 s f> at lea/1 we once _h ,bp4 ,ellicott ) u4 ,he ann\nc$ 79 #ahgj7 t ! be/ way ( proce$+ ) ! "w ( ,revision is1 8to make ! ,textus ,receptus ! /&>d1--dep>t+ f x only :5 critical or grammatical consid]ations %[ t x is cle>ly necess>y407#ea7 ,we ourselves mean no m4 ,:5ev] ! evid5ce is ab\t ev5ly balanc$1 few x is hop$ w d5y t ! ,text :i* has be5 89 possession0 = ?ree c5turies & a half1 & :i* re/s on inf9itely bett] manuscript evid5ce ?an t ( any anci5t "w :i* c be nam$1--%\ld1 = e reason1 be let alone47#eb7 ,b1 7we %all p]haps be ask$17 has any critical ,editor ( ! ,n4 ,t4 s]i\sly taught ! rev]se ( all ?is8 ,yes inde$1 we answ]4 ,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 ,tis*5dorf1--! mo/ rec5t & mo/ fam\s ( mod]n editors1--h all ?ree adopt$ a directly opposite !ory ( textual revision4 ,) ! fir/-nam$1 fifty ye>s ago 7#ahca71 virtually orig9at$ ! pr9ciple ( recurr+ exclusively to a few anci5t docum5ts to ! exclusion ( ! _m4 8,,la*mann',s text seldom re/s on m ?an f\r ,greek codices1 v (t5 on ?ree1 n unfrequ5tly on two1 sometimes on only "o407#ec7 ,bi%op ,ellicott speaks ( x z 8a text compos$ on ! n>r[e/ & mo/ exclusive pr9ciples407#ed7 ,( ! ,greek ,fa!rs 7,la*mann says7 he employ$ only ,orig547#ee7 ,pay+ extraord9>y def]5ce to ! ,lat9 ,v]sion1 he entirely disreg>d$ ! coval ,syriac translation4 ,! result ( su* a sy/em mu/ ne$s prove satisfactory to no "o except its au?or4 ,la*mann's lead+ fallacy has p]=ce prov$ fatal to ! value ( ! text put =? by ,,dr4 ,,tregelles4 ,( ! scrupul\s accuracy1 ! indefatigable indu/ry1 ! pi\s zeal ( t e/imable & devot$ s*ol>1 we speak n4 ,all hon\r to 8 memory6 ,z a specim5 ( consci5ti\s lab\r1 8 edition ( ! ,n4 ,t4 7#aheg-gb7 passes praise1 & w nev] lose its value4 ,b x has only to be /at$1 t ,tregelles effectually p]suad$ himself t 8eighty-n9e n9etie?s0 ( our extant manuscripts & o!r au?orities may safely be reject$ & lo/ sight ( :5 we come to am5d ! text & try to re/ore x to its primitive purity17#ef7--to make x pla9 t 9 ,textual ,criticism he mu/ ne$s be reg>d$ z an untru/wor?y tea*]4 ,:y he %\ld h condesc5d$ to employ no patri/ic au?ority lat] ?an ,eusebius fl4 ,a4,d4 #cbj1 he does n expla94 8,8 critical pr9ciples10 7says ,bi%op ,ellicott17 8especially 8 g5]al pr9ciples ( e/imat+ & reg>d+ mod]n manuscripts1 are n[ p]haps ju/ly call$ 9 "q407#eg7 8,! case ( ,,dr4 ,,tis*5dorf0 7proce$s ,bp4 ,ellicott7 8is /ill m easily dispos$ (4 ,:i* ( ?is mo/ incon/ant ,critic's texts are we to select8 ,surely n ! la/1 9 :i* an exagg]at$ pref]5ce = a s+le ,manuscript :i* he has _h ! good =tune to discov]1 has betray$ him into an almo/ *ild-l infirmity ( critical judgm5t4 ,surely also n 8 sev5? edition1 :i* 444 exhibits all ! in/ability :i* a comp>atively rec5t recognition ( ! au?ority ( cursive manuscripts might be suppos$ likely to introduce407#eh7 ,) ,dr4 ,tis*5dorf1--7:om "o va/ly 8 sup]ior 9 le>n+1 accuracy1 & judgm5t1 has g5]\sly /yl$ 8! fir/ ,biblical ,critic 9 ,europe07#ei77--8! evid5ce ( codex 1 support$ or ev5 unsupport$ by "o or two o!r au?orities ( any description1 is suffici5t to outweigh any o!r witnesses1--:e!r ,manuscripts1 ,v]sions1 or ecclesia/ical ,writ]s407#fj7 ,we ne$ say no m4 ,until ! =ego+ *>ge has be5 disprov$1 ,dr4 ,tis*5dorf's la/ edition ( ! ,n4 ,t41 h[ev] preci\s z a va/ /oreh\se ( mat]ials = criticism1--h[ev] admirable z a specim5 ( unwe>i$ lab\r1 critical le>n+1 & fir/-rate ability1--mu/ be admitt$ to be an utt]ly unsatisfactory exhibition ( ! inspir$ ,text4 ,x has be5 asc]ta9$ t 8 discov]y ( codex caus$ 8 #h? edition 7#ahfe-gb7 to diff] f 8 #g? 9 no less ?an #ceje places1--8to ! sc&al ( ! sci5ce ( ,comp>ative ,criticism1 z well z to 8 own grave discr$it = disc]nm5t & consi/5cy407#fa7 ,b1 9 fact1 :at is to be ?\ght ( a ,critic :o1--because ! la/ v]se ( ,s4 ,john's ,gospel1 9 1 seem$ to himself to be writt5 ) a diff]5t p5 f ! re/1--has actually omitt$ t v]se 7xxi4 #be7 entirely1 9 defiance ( e kn[n ,copy1 e kn[n ,v]sion1 & ! explicit te/imony ( a ho/ ( ,fa!rs8 ,su* are ,orig5 79 #aa places71--,eusebius 79 #c71--;,gregory ,nyss4 79 #b71--;,gregory ,nazian41--ps4-,dionys4 ,alex417#fb7--,nonnus1--,*ryso/om 79 #f places71--,!odoras ,mops4 79 #b71--;,isidorus1--,cyril ,alex4 79 #b71--,victor ,ant41--,ammonius1--,sev]us1--,maximus1- -,&reas ,cret5sis1--,ambrose1--,gaud5tius1--,phi la/rius1-- ,s$ulius1--,j]ome1--,augu/9e 79 #f places74 ,t ,tis*5dorf 0 a critic ( amaz+ rese>*1 s+ul> %rewdness1 indefatigable indu/ry2 & t he enjoy$ an unrivall$ famili>ity ) anci5t docum5ts2 no fair p]son w d5y4 ,b 79 ! words ( ,bi%op ,ellicott17#fc7 :om we quote s p]sev]+ly = a reason n h>d to div9e17 8 8great incon/ancy10--8 8natural want ( sobriety ( critical judgm5t10--& 8 8unreasonable def]5ce to ! read+s f\nd 9 8 own codex ,s9aiticus20--to :i* %\ld be add$ 8! utt] abs5ce 9 him ( any intelligible fix$ critical pr9ciples20--all ?is makes ,tis*5dorf "o ( ! wor/ ( guides to ! true ,text ( ,scripture4 ,! la/ to ent] ! field are ,,drs4 ,,we/cott & ,,hort1 ^: beautifully-pr9t$ edition ( 8! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! orig9al ,greek07#fd7 0 publi%$ )9 five days ( ! 8,revis$ ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion0 itself2 a 8confid5tial0 copy ( _! "w hav+ be5 already entru/$ to e memb] ( ! ,new ,te/4 company ( ,revisioni/s to guide !m 9 _! lab\rs1--"u pl$ge t !y %\ld nei!r %[ nor communicate its cont5ts to any "o else4--,! le>n$ ,editors c&idly av[1 t !y 8h delib]ately *os5 on ! :ole to rely = docum5t>y evid5ce on ! /ores accumulat$ by _! pr$ecessors1 & to conf9e !mselves to _! prop] "w ( edit+ ! text itself407#fe7 ,no?+ !re=e has to be enquir$ aft]1 except ! critical pr9ciples on :i* !y h proce$$4 ,&1 aft] assur+ u t 8! /udy ( ,gr\p+ is ! f\ndation ( all endur+ ,criticism107#ff7 !y produce _! secret3 viz4 ,t 9 8e "o ( our witnesses0 except codex ,b1 ! 8corruptions are innum]able207#fg7 & t1 9 ! ,gospels1 ! "o 8gr\p ( witnesses0 ( 8incomp>able value01 is codex ,b 9 8comb9ation ) ano!r prim>y ,greek manuscript1 z ,b1 ,b ,l1 ,b ,c1 ,b ,t1 ,b ,d1 ,b 1 ,a ,b1 ,b ,z1 ,b #cc1 & 9 ,s4 ,m>k ,b 407#fh7 ,?is is 8,textual ,criticism made easy10 c]ta9ly4 ,well aw>e ( ! prepo/]\s results to :i* su* a major premiss mu/ inevitably lead1 we are n surpris$ to f9d a plea /raightway put 9 = 8in/9ctive processes ( ,criticism0 ( :i* ! f\ndation 8ne$s p]petual correction & recorrection04 ,b our confid5ce fairly gives way :51 9 ! same brea?1 ! accompli%$ ,editors proce$ z foll[s3--8,b we are oblig$ to come to ! individual m9d at la/2 & canons ( ,criticism are useful only z w>n+s aga9/ natural illusions1 & aids to circumspect consid]ation1 n z absolute rules to prescribe ! f9al decision4 ,x is true t no individual m9d c ev] "w ) p]fect uni=mity1 or free itself completely f its own idiosyncrasies4 ,yet a cle> s5se ( ! dang] ( unconsci\s caprice may d mu* t[>ds exclud+ x4 ,we tru/ also t ! pres5t ,text has escap$ "s risks ( ?is k9d by be+ ! jo9t production ( two ,editors ( diff]5t habits ( m9d07#fi7 444 ,a some:at insecure safegu>d surely6 ,may we be p]mitt$ )\t (f5ce to po9t out t ! 8idiosyncrasies0 ( an 8individual m9d0 7to :i* we le>n ) a/oni%m5t 8we are oblig$ to come at la/07 are probably ! v wor/ f\ndation possible on :i* to build ! rec5sion ( an inspir$ writ+8 ,) regret we record our conviction1 t ^! accompli%$ s*ol>s h succe$$ 9 produc+ a ,text va/ly m remote f ! inspir$ autographs ( ! ,evangeli/s ?an any :i* has appe>$ s9ce ! inv5tion ( pr9t+4 ,:5 full ,prolegom5a h be5 furni%$ we %all "k m ab\t ! matt]27#gj7 b to judge f ! ,rem>ks 79 pp4 #eda-fb7 :i* ! le>n$ ,editors 7,revisioni/s !mselves7 h subjo9$ to _! elegantly-pr9t$ volume1 x is to be fe>$ t ! fabric w be f\nd to re/ too exclusively on vague assumption & unprov$ hypo!sis4 ,9 o!r words1 a pa9ful appreh5sion is creat$ t _! edition ( 8,! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! orig9al ,greek0 w be f\nd to p>take inconv5i5tly ( ! nature ( a "w ( ! ,imag9ation4 ,z codex prov$ fatal to ,dr4 ,tis*5dorf1 s is codex ,b evid5tly ! rock on :i* ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h split4 ,did x ev] occur to ^? le>n$ m5 to enquire h[ ! ,septuag9t ,v]sion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t has f>$ at ! h&s ( codex ,b8 ,!y are respectfully invit$ to address !mselves to ?is v damag+ enquiry4 ,b surely 7rejo9s ! intellig5t ,read]1 com+ fre% to ^! /udies71 ! olde/ extant ,manuscripts 7,b ,a ,c ,d7 mu/ exhibit ! pure/ text6 ,is x n s8 ,x ought to be s1 no d\bt 7we answ]72 b x c]ta9ly ne$ n be ! case4 ,we "k t ,orig5 9 ,pale/9e1 ,lucian at ,antio*1 ,hesy*ius 9 ,egypt1 8revis$0 ! text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,un=tunately1 !y did _! "w 9 an age :5 su* fatal misappreh5sion prevail$ on ! subject1 t ea* 9 turn w h inevitably import$ a fre% assortm5t ( mon/ra into ! sacr$ writ+s4 ,add1 ! baneful influ5ce ( su* spirits z ,!ophilus 7six? ,bi%op ( ,antio*1 ,a4,d4 #afh71 ,tatian1 ,ammonius1 c41 ( :om we "k !re 7 v _m 9 ! primitive age1--"s ( ^: productions1 we fur!r "k1 7 freely multipli$ 9 e qu>t] ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom3--add1 ! fabricat$ ,gospels :i* anci5tly ab\nd$2 notably ! ,gospel ( ! ,hebrews1 ab\t :i* ,j]ome is s communicative1 & :i* 7he says7 he _h translat$ into ,greek & ,lat93--la/ly1 freely grant t "h & !re1 ) well-meant assiduity1 ! or?odox !mselves may h s\ght to prop up tru?s :i* ! e>ly h]etics 7,basilides1 ,a4,d4 #acd1 ,val5t9us1 ,a4,d4 #adj1 ) 8 disciple ,h]acleon1 ,m>cion1 ,a4,d4 #aej1 & ! re/17 mo/ p]sev]+ly assail$2--& we h suffici5tly expla9$ h[ x comes to pass t n a few ( ! codices ( primitive ,*ri/5dom mu/ h exhibit$ ,texts :i* 7 ev5 sc&al\sly corrupt4 8,x is no less true to fact ?an p>adoxical 9 s\nd10 writes ! mo/ le>n$ ( ! ,revisioni/ body1 8t ! wor/ corruptions1 to :i* ! ,new ,te/am5t has ev] be5 subject$1 orig9at$ )9 a hundr$ ye>s aft] x 0 compos$3 t ,ir5u ,a4,d4 #aej & ! ,african ,fa!rs1 & ! :ole ,we/]n1 ) a portion ( ! ,syrian ,*ur*1 us$ f> inf]ior manuscripts to ^? employ$ by ,/unica1 or ,erasmus1 or ,/eph5s ?irte5 c5turies lat]1 :5 m\ld+ ! ,textus ,receptus407#ga7 ,& :at else are codices ,b ,c ,d b specim5s--9 va/ly diff]5t degrees--( ! class ?us *>act]iz$ by ,preb5d>y ,scriv5]8 ,nay1 :o w v5ture to d5y t ^? codices are indebt$ = _! pres]vation solely to ! circum/ance1 t !y 7 long s9ce recogniz$ z ! depositories ( ,read+s :i* r5d]$ !m utt]ly untru/wor?y8 ,only by s+l+ out "s def9ite portion ( ! ,gospels1 & att5d+ closely to ! h&l+ x has exp]i5c$ at ! h&s ( ,a ,b ,c ,d1--to ! la/ f\r ( :i* x is j n[ ! fa%ion to b[ d[n z to an oracul> voice f :i* !re %all be no appeal1--c ! /ud5t become aw>e ( ! hopelessness ( any attempt to con/ruct ! ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 out ( ! mat]ials :i* ^? codices exclusively supply4 ,let u ?is "t take ,s4 ,m>k's acc\nt ( ! heal+ ( 8! p>alytic borne ( f\r0 7*4 ii4 #a-ab71--;& confront _! exhibition ( x1 ) t ( ! commonly receiv$ ,text4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^? #ab v]ses1 7n reckon+ #d blund]s & c]ta9 peculi>ities ( spell+17 !re w be f\nd to be #fj v>iations ( read+1--( :i* #ee are no?+ else b depravations ( ! text1 ! result ( inatt5tion or lic5ti\sness4 ,we/cott & ,hort adopt #bc ( ^!3--7#ah1 9 :i* ,b conspire to v\* = a read+3 #b1 :]e is unsupport$ by ,b3 #b1 :]e ,b is unsupport$ by 3 #a1 :]e ,c ,d are support$ by nei!r nor ,b74 ,n[1 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 ! 8five old uncials0 _c be ! depositories ( a tradition1--:e!r ,we/]n or ,ea/]n1--because !y r5d] inconsi/5t te/imony 9 e v]se4 ,x mu/ fur!r be admitt$1 7= ?is is really n a "q ( op9ion1 b a pla9 matt] ( fact17 t x is unreasonable to place confid5ce 9 su* docum5ts4 ,:at w\ld be ?\ght 9 a ,c\rt ( ,law ( five witnesses1 call$ up #dg times = exam9ation1 :o %\ld be obs]v$ to be> contradictory te/imony e "t8 ,b ! :ole ( ! problem does n by any means lie on ! surface4 ,all t appe>s is t ! five olde/ uncials are n tru/wor?y witnesses2 :i* s+ly1 9 ! c\rse ( #ab v]ses sep>ate !mselves f _! fell[s #cc times3 viz4 ,a1 twice2--1 #e times2--,b1 #f times2--,c1 ?rice2--,d1 #ag times3 & :i* also ent] into ! #aa foll[+ comb9ations ) "o ano!r 9 opposition to ! ord9>y ,text3--,a ,c1 twice2-- ,b1 #aj times2-- ,d1 once2--,c ,d1 #c times2-- ,b ,c1 once2-- ,b ,d1 #e times2-- ,c ,d1 once2--,b ,c ,d1 once2--,a ,c ,d1 once2--,a ,b ,c ,d1 once2--,a ,b ,c ,d1 once4 7,note1 t on ?is la/ occasion1 :i* is ! only "t :5 !y all #e agree1 !y are c]ta9ly all #e wrong47 ,b ?is1 z 0 obs]v$ be=e1 lies on ! surface4 ,on clos] critical inspection1 x is fur!r discov]$ t _! te/imony betrays ! bas5ess ( _! orig9 by its intr9sic wor?lessness4 ,?us1 9 ,mk4 ii1 #a1 ! delicate precision ( ! ann\ncem5t 7t 8,he has gone 9071 disappe>s f ,b ,d3--z well z 79 v]4 #b7 ! circum/ance t x became ! signal = _m 8imm$iately0 7 ,b7 to assemble ab\t ! door4--,9 v]4 #d1 ,s4 ,m>k expla9s 8 pr$ecessor's concise /atem5t t ! p>alytic 0 8br\ght to0 our ,,savi\r17#gb7 by rem>k+ t ! ?+ 0 8impossible0 by ! ord9>y me?od ( approa*4 ,accord+ly1 8 acc\nt ( ! exp$i5t resort$ to by ! be>]s fills "o entire v]se 7v]4 #d7 ( 8 ,gospel4 ,9 ! mean "t1 ,b by exhibit+ 79 ,s4 ,m>k ii4 #c17 8br++ unto ,him "o sick ( ! palsy0 7 1--:i* is b a s5seless transposition ( 1 71 d _! be/ to oblit]ate ! exquisite significance ( ! second ,evangeli/'s me?od4--,9 ! next v]se1 ! p]plexity ( ! be>]s1 :o1 because !y c\ld n 8come nigh ,him0 7 71 unro($ ! h\se1 is lo/ 9 ,b1--^: has be5 obta9$ ei!r f ,matt4 ix4 #b1 or else f ,luke v4 #ah1 #ai 71 74 8,! b$ ,,:]e ,,0 ! p>alytic0 7 71 9 imitation ( 8! ro( ,,:]e ,,00 ,jesus 7 1 :i* _h imm$iately prec$$71 is j "o ( ^? ta/eless depravations1 = :i* ,b1 & especially ,d1 are conspicu\s among manuscripts4--,9 ! la/ v]se1 ! in/antane\s ris+ ( ! p>alytic1 notic$ by ,s4 ,m>k 7 71 & insi/$ ^u by ,s4 ,luke 78& imm$iately he rose up be=e !m10-- 71 is oblit]at$ by %ift+ 9 ,b & ,c to a place :]e is n want$1 & :]e its significancy disappe>s4 ,o!r in/ances ( ,assimilation are conspicu\s4 ,all mu/ see t1 9 v]4 #e1 7 ,b ,c7 is d]iv$ f ,matt4 ix4 #b & ,luke v4 #bj3 z well z t 8,son1 be ( good *e]0 7,c7 is import$ hi!r f ,matt4 ix4 #b4 8,my son10 on ! o!r h& 771 is a m]e ef=t ( ! imag9ation4 ,9 ! same v]se1 7 ,b ,d7 is ei!r f ,matt4 ix4 #e 7sic72 or else f v]4 #i1 l[] d[n 9 ,s4 ,m>k's n>rative4 1 9 v]4 #f 7,d71 is f ,s4 ,luke v4 #ba4 77 9 v]4 #i1 & 7,d71 are cle>ly importations f v] #aa4 ,! /range confusion 9 v]4 #g1--8;,because ?is man ?us speake?1 he blaspheme?0 7,b71--& 8,:y do? ?is man ?us speak8 ,he blaspheme?0 7 ,d71--is due solely to ,mtt4 ix4 #c3--:ile ! app5dix propos$ by z a sub/itute = 8,we nev] saw x on ?is fa%ion0 7 71 9 v] #ab 7viz4 8,x 0 nev] s se5 9 ,israel10 71 has be5 transplant$ hi!r f ,s4 ,matt4 ix4 #cc4 ,we %all p]haps be told t1 sc&al\sly corrupt z ! text ( ,b ,c ,d h]eab\ts may be1 no reason has be5 %[n z yet = suspect+ t h]etical depravation ev] _h any?+ to d ) su* ph5om5a4 ,t 7we answ]7 is only because ! writ+s ( ! e>ly deprav]s & fabricators ( ,gospels h univ]sally p]i%$4 ,f ! sl5d] relics ( _! iniquit\s p]=mances :i* h surviv$ to our "t1 we are sometimes able to lay our f+] on a f\l blot & to say1 8,?is came f ,tatian's ,diatess>on2 & t f ,m>cion's mutilat$ rec5sion ( ! ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,luke40 ,! pi]c+ ( our ,,savi\r',s side1 transplant$ by codices ,b ,c f ,s4 ,john xix4 #cd into ,s4 ,matt1 xxvii4 #di1 is an in/ance ( ! =m]1--:i* x may reasonably create a/oni%m5t to f9d t ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 7alone among ,editors7 h nev]!less admitt$ into _! text1 z equally tru/wor?y ) ! la/ #ab v]ses ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel4 ,b x occasions a /rong] s5tim5t ?an surprise to discov] t ?is1 8! grave/ int]polation yet laid to ! *>ge ( ,b10--?is 8s5t5ce :i* nei!r !y nor any o!r compet5t s*ol> c possibly believe t ! ,evangeli/ ev] wrote107#gc7--;has be5 actually foi/$ into ! m>g9 ( ! ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ,s4 ,mat!w xxvii4 #di4 ,7 n ! ,revisioni/s aw>e t su* a disfigurem5t mu/ prove fatal to _! "w8 ,= ^: b5efit is ! in=mation volunte]$ t 8_m anci5t au?orities0 are ?us grossly int]polat$8 ,an in/ructive specim5 ( depravation foll[s1 :i* c be trac$ to ,m>cion's mutilat$ rec5sion ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel4 ,we v5ture to entreat ! fav\r ( ! read]'s su/a9$ att5tion to ! lic5se ) :i* ! ,,"l',s ,pray] z giv5 9 ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel 7xi4 #b-d71 is exhibit$ by codices ,a ,b ,c ,d4 ,= e reason "o w\ld h expect$ t s preci\s a =mula w\ld h be5 f\nd en%r9$ 9 ! 8old uncials0 9 peculi> safety2 h&l$ by copyi/s ( ! ,i,vth1 ,v?1 & ,v,ith c5turies ) peculi> rev]5ce4 ,let u asc]ta9 exactly :at has befall5 x3-- 7a7 ,d introduces ! ,,"l',s ,pray] by int]polat+ ! foll[+ p>aphrase ( ,s4 ,matt4 vi4 #g3--8,use n va9 repetitions z ! re/3 = "s suppose t !y %all be he>d by _! mu* speak+4 ,b :5 ye pray0 444 ,aft] :i* port5t\s exordium1 7b7 ,b omit ! #e words1 8,our0 8:i* art 9 heav510 ,!n1 7c7 ,d omits ! article 77 be=e 8"n30 & supplem5ts ! fir/ petition ) ! words 8^u u0 7 74 ,x mu/ ne$s also transpose ! words 8,?y ,k+dom0 7 74 7d7 ,b 9 turn omits ! ?ird petition1--8,?y w be done1 z 9 heav51 also on ! e>?20 :i* #aa words reta9s1 b adds 8s0 be=e 8also10 & omits ! article 772 f9d+ = once an ally 9 ,a ,c ,d4 7e7 ,d = write 7f ,matt474 7f7 omits ! article 77 be=e 8day by day40 ,&1 7g7 ,d1 in/ead ( ! #c la/-nam$ words1 writes 8?is day0 7f ,matt473 sub/itutes 8debts0 7 7 = 8s9s0 7 1--also f ,matt473 & 9 place ( 8= we ourselves0 7 7 writes 8z also we0 7 1 aga9 f ,matt474--,b1 7h7 %[s its sympa?y ) ,d by accept+ two-?irds ( ?is la/ blund]3 exhibit+ 8z also we ourselves0 7 74 7i7 ,d consi/5tly reads 8our debtors0 7 7 9 place ( 8e "o t is indebt$ to u0 7 74--,f9ally1 7j7 ,b omit ! la/ petition1--8b deliv] u f evil0 7 7--unsupport$ by ,a ,c or ,d4 ,( less] discrepancies we decl9e to take acc\nt4 ,s !n1 ^! five 8fir/-class au?orities0 are f\nd to ?r[ !mselves into six diff]5t comb9ations 9 _! dep>tures f ,s4 ,luke's way ( exhibit+ ! ,,"l',s ,pray]1--:i*1 among !m1 !y contrive to falsify 9 respect ( no less ?an #de words2 & yet !y are nev] able to agree among !mselves z to any s+le v>i\s read+3 :ile only once are m ?an two ( !m obs]v$ to /& toge!r1--viz4 9 ! unau?oriz$ omission ( ! article4 ,9 respect ( #cb 7out ( ! #de7 words1 !y be> 9 turn solit>y evid5ce4 ,:at ne$ to decl>e t x is c]ta9ly false 9 e in/ance8 ,su* h[ev] is ! infatuation ( ! ,critics1 t ! vag>ies ( ,b>e all tak5 = gospel4 ,besides omitt+ ! #aa words :i* ,b omits jo9tly ) 1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort erase f ! ,book ( ,life ^? o!r #aa preci\s words :i* are omitt$ by ,b only4 ,& 9 ?is way x comes to pass t ! mutilat$ condition to :i* ! scalpel ( ,m>cion ! h]etic r$uc$ ! ,,"l',s ,pray] "s #agcj ye>s ago17#gd7 7= ! mis*ief c all be trac$ back to him671 is palm$ (f on ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& by ! ,revisioni/s z ! "w ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/6 7,a7 ,we may n[ proce$ ) our exam9ation ( _! "w1 beg9n+--z ,dr4 ,rob]ts 7"o ( ! ,revisioni/s7 does1 :5 expla9+ ! me?od & results ( _! lab\rs--) :at we hold to be ! grave/ blot ( all1 viz4 ! m>ks ( s]i\s suspicion :i* we f9d set aga9/ ! la/ ,twelve v]ses ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel4 ,well may ! le>n$ ,presbyt]ian anticipate t-- 8,! read] w be /ruck by ! appe>ance :i* ?is long p>agraph pres5ts 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion4 ,al?\gh ins]t$1 x is m>k$ (f by a consid]able space f ! re/ ( ! ,gospel4 ,a note is also plac$ 9 ! m>g9 conta9+ a brief explanation ( ?is407#ge7 ,a v brief 8explanation0 c]ta9ly3 = ! note expla9s no?+4 ,allusion is made to ! foll[+ words-- 8,! two olde/ ,greek manuscripts1 & "s o!r au?orities1 omit f v]4 #i to ! end4 ,"s o!r au?orities h a diff]5t end+ to ! ,gospel40 ,b n[1--,= ! use ( :om has ?is piece ( in=mation be5 volunte]$8 ,n = le>n$ read]s c]ta9ly3 x be+ famili>ly kn[n to all1 t codices ,b & alone ( manuscripts 7to _! own effectual condemnation7 omit ^! #ab v]ses4 ,b !n s*ol>s "k some?+ m ab\t ! matt]4 ,!y also "k t ^! #ab v]ses h be5 made ! subject ( a sep>ate treatise ext5d+ to upw>ds ( #cjj pages1--:i* treatise has n[ be5 be=e ! _w = a full decade ( ye>s1 & = ! be/ ( reasons has nev] yet be5 answ]$4 ,its object1 /at$ on its title-page1 0 to v9dicate aga9/ rec5t critical objectors1 & to e/abli% 8! la/ ,twelve ,v]ses0 ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel47#gf7 ,moreov]1 compet5t judges at once admitt$ t ! au?or _h succe$$ 9 do+ :at he und]took to d47#gg7 ,c x !n be "r 7we respectfully enquire7 /ill to ins9uate into unle>n$ m9ds di/ru/ ( twelve consecutive v]ses ( ! ev]la/+ ,gospel1 :i* yet h be5 demon/rat$ to be z tru/wor?y z any o!r v]ses :i* c be nam$8 ,! "q arises1--,b h[ did x come to pass t su* evil c\nsels 7 all[$ to prevail 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]8 ,light has be5 ?r[n on ! subject by two ( ! ,new ,te/4 company4 ,& fir/ by ! le>n$ ,congregationali/1 ,dr4 ,new?1 :o has be5 at ! pa9s to describe ! me?od :i* 0 pursu$ on e occasion4 ,! practice 7he in=ms u7 0 z foll[s4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol1 z *airman1 asks-- 8,:e!r any ,textual ,*anges are propos$8 ,! evid5ce = & aga9/ is briefly /at$1 & ! proposal consid]$4 ,! duty ( /at+ ?is evid5ce is by tacit cons5t devolv$ ^u 7sic7 two memb]s ( ! ,company1 :o f _! previ\s /udies are specially entitl$ to speak ) au?ority ^u su* que/ions1--,dr4 ,scriv5] & ,dr4 ,hort1--& :o come prep>$ to enum]ate p>ticul>ly ! au?orities on ei!r side4 ,dr4 ,scriv5] op5s up ! matt] by /at+ ! facts ( ! case1 & by giv+ 8 judgm5t on ! be>+s ( ! evid5ce4 ,dr4 ,hort foll[s1 & m5tions any additional matt]s t may call = notice2 &1 if diff]+ f ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s e/imate ( ! weight ( ! evid5ce1 gives 8 reasons & /ates 8 own view4 ,aft] discussion1 ! vote ( ! ,company is tak51 & ! propos$ ,read+ accept$ or reject$4 ,! ,text be+ ?us settl$1 ! ,*airman asks = proposals on ! ,r5d]+407#gh7 ,& ?us1 ! m5 :o 7 appo9t$ to improve ! ,engli% ,translation are exhibit$ to u remodell+ ! orig9al ,greek4 ,at a mom5t's notice1 z if by intuition1--by an act :i* c only be describ$ z ! ex]cise ( in/9ct1--^! em95t ,div9es und]take to decide :i* %all be deem$ ! g5u9e utt]ances ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/17#gi7--:i* n4 ,ea* is call$ ^u to give 8 vote1 & he gives x4 8,! ,text be+ ?us settl$0 !y proce$ to d ! only ?+ !y 7 orig9ally appo9t$ to d2 viz4 to try _! h&s at improv+ our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,b we v5ture respectfully to sugge/1 t by no su* 8r\gh & ready0 process is t mo/ delicate & difficult ( all critical problems--! tru? ( ,scripture--to be 8settl$40 ,sir ,edmund ,beckett rem>ks t if ! description above giv5 8( ! process by :i* ! ,revisioni/s #8settl$' ! ,greek alt]ations1 is n a k9d ( joke1 x is q en\gh to #8settle' ?is ,revis$ ,greek ,te/am5t 9 a v diff]5t s5se407#hj7 ,& s1 9 tru?1 x cle>ly is4--8,su* a proce$+ appe>$ to me s /range10 7writes ! le>n$ & judici\s ,editor ( ! ,speak]'s ,comm5t>y17 8t ,i fully expect$ t ! acc\nt w\ld be correct$1 or t "s explanation w\ld be giv5 :i* might remove ! v unpleasant impression407#ha7 ,we h s9ce he>d on ! be/ au?ority1 t namely ( ,bi%op ,ellicott himself17#hb7 t ,dr4 ,new?'s acc\nt ( ! me?od ( 8settl+0 ! text ( ! ,n4 ,t41 pursu$ 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 is correct4 ,b 9 fact1 x proves to h be51 f ! v fir/1 a def9ite "p ( ! ,programme4 ,! *airman ( ! ,revisioni/ body1 ,bi%op ,ellicott1--:5 he _h 8to consid] ! practical "q10--:e!r 87#a71 to con/ruct a critical ,text fir/3 or 7#b71 to use pref]5tially1 ?\gh n exclusively1 "s curr5t ,text3 or 7#c71 simply to proce$ onw>d ) ! "w ( ,revision1 :e!r ( ,text or ,translation1 mak+ ! curr5t ,textus ,receptus ! /&>d1 & dep>t+ f x only :5 critical or grammatical consid]ations %[ t x is cle>ly necess>y1--9 fact1 solv]e ambul&o20 ann\nces1 at ! end ( #ai pages1--8,we are driv5 !n to ! ?ird alt]native407#hc7 ,we naturally ca/ ab\t = "s evid5ce t ! memb]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t company possess t ma/]y ( ! subject :i* alone c\ld ju/ify "o ( _! numb] 7,dr4 ,milligan7 9 ass]t+ r\ndly t ^! #ab v]ses are 8n f ! p5 ( ,s4 ,m>k himself207#hd7 & ano!r 7,dr4 ,rob]ts7 9 ma9ta9+ t 8! passage is n ! imm$iate production ( ,s4 ,m>k407#he7 ,dr4 ,rob]ts assures u t-- 8,eusebius1 ,gregory ( ,nyssa1 ,victor ( ,antio*1 ,sev]us ( ,antio*1 ,j]ome1 z well z o!r writ]s1 especially ,greeks1 te/ify t ^! v]ses 7 n writt5 by ,s4 ,m>k1 or n f\nd 9 ! be/ copies407#hf7 ,w ! le>n$ writ] p]mit u to assure him 9 return t he is entirely mi/ak58 ,he is reque/$ to believe t ,gregory ( ,nyssa says no?+ ( ! sort--says no?+ at all conc]n+ ^! v]ses3 t ,victor ( ,antio* v\*es emphatically = _! g5u95ess3 t ,sev]us does b copy1 :ile ,j]ome does b translate1 a few r&om expressions ( ,eusebius3 & t ,eusebius himself n[h]e 8te/ifies t ^! v]ses 7 n writt5 by ,s4 ,m>k40 ,s f> f x1 ,eusebius actually quotes ! v]ses1 quotes !m z g5u9e4 ,dr4 ,rob]ts is fur!r assur$ t !re are no 8o!r writ]s0 :e!r ,greek or ,lat91 :o ins9uate d\bt conc]n+ ^! v]ses4 ,on ! contr>y1 besides bo? ! ,lat9 & all ! ,syriac--besides ! ,go?ic & ! two ,egyptian v]sions--!re exi/ f\r au?orities ( ! ,i,ind c5tury2--z _m ( ! ,i,i,ird2--five ( ! ,v?2--f\r ( ! ,v,ith2--z _m ( ! ,v,i,ith2--toge!r ) at lea/ t5 ( ! ,i,vth7#hg7 7contempor>ies !re=e ( codices ,b & 72--:i* actually recognize ! v]ses 9 "q4 ,n[1 :5 to e kn[n ,manuscript b two ( bad "*1 besides e anci5t ,v]sion1 "s "o-&-?irty ,fa!rs h be5 add$1 #ah ( :om mu/ h us$ copies at lea/ z old z ei!r ,b or 1--,dr4 ,rob]ts is assur$ t an am\nt ( ext]nal au?ority has be5 accumulat$ :i* is simply ov]:elm+ 9 discussions ( ?is nature4 ,b ! significance ( a s+le feature ( ! ,lection>y1 ( :i* up to ?is po9t no?+ has be5 said1 is alone suffici5t to det]m9e ! controv]sy4 ,we ref] to ! fact t 9 e "p ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom ^! same #ab v]ses--nei!r m nor less--h be5 f ! e>lie/ record$ p]iod1 & /ill are1 a prop] lesson bo? = ! ,ea/] season & = ,asc5sion ,day4 ,we pass on4 7,b7 ,a m griev\s p]v]sion ( ! tru? ( ,scripture is sc>cely to be f\nd ?an occurs 9 ! propos$ revis$ exhibition ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad1 9 ! ,greek & ,engli% alike2 = inde$ n only is ! propos$ ,greek text 7 7 impossible1 b ! ,engli% ( ! ,revisioni/s 78peace among m5 9 :om he is well pleas$07 8c be arriv$ at0 7z "o ( !mselves has ju/ly rem>k$7 8only ?r\gh "s process :i* w\ld make any phrase be> almo/ any mean+ ! translator might l to put ^u x407#hh7 ,m ?an t3 ! h>mony ( ! exquisite ?ree-"p hymn1 :i* ! ,angels sang on ! night ( ! ,nativity1 becomes hopelessly m>r$1 & its /ructural symmetry de/roy$1 by ! weld+ ( ! second & ?ird memb]s ( ! s5t5ce into "o4 ,s+ul> to relate1 ! addition ( a s+le f9al lett] 77 has done all ?is mis*ief4 ,q z s+ul> is x t we %\ld be able at ! end ( upw>ds ( #agjj ye>s to discov] :at occasion$ its calamit\s ins]tion4 ,f ! ar*etypal copy1 by ! aid ( :i* ! old ,lat9 translation 0 made1 7= ! ,lat9 copies all read 8pax hom9ibus bon voluntatis107 ! preposition 0 evid5tly away1--absorb$ app>5tly by ! :i* imm$iately foll[s4 ,9 ord] !re=e to make a s5t5ce ( "s sort out ( words :i*1 )\t 1 are simply un9telligible1 0 turn$ into 4 ,x is accord+ly a significant circum/ance t1 :]eas !re exi/s no ,greek copy ( ! ,gospels :i* omits ! 1 !re is sc>cely a ,lat9 exhibition ( ! place to be f\nd :i* conta9s x47#hi7 ,to return h[ev] to ! g5u9e clause1--8,good-w t[>ds m50 7 74 ,absolutely decisive ( ! true read+ ( ! passage--irrespectively ( int]nal consid]ations--ought to be ! consid]ation t x is v\*$ = by e kn[n copy ( ! ,gospels ( :atev] sort1 except+ only ,a ,b ,d3 ! fir/ & ?ird ( :i*1 h[ev]1 7 anci5tly correct$ & br\ght into con=mity ) ! ,receiv$ ,text2 :ile ! second 7,a7 is obs]v$ to be s incon/ant 9 its te/imony1 t 9 ! primitive 8,morn+-hymn0 7giv5 9 ano!r page ( ! same codex1 & conta9+ a quotation ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad71 ! correct read+ ( ! place is f\nd4 ,d's complicity 9 error is ! less important1 because ( ! asc]ta9$ sympa?y betwe5 t codex & ! ,lat94 ,9 ! meantime ! two ,syriac ,v]sions are a full set-(f aga9/ ! ,lat9 copies2 :ile ! ho/ile evid5ce ( ! ,go?ic 7:i* ?is "t sides ) ! ,lat97 is m ?an neutraliz$ by ! unexpect$ des]tion ( ! ,coptic v]sion f ! opposite camp4 ,! ,arm5ian1 ,georgian1 ?iopic1 ,slavonic & ,arabian v]sions1 are besides all ) ! ,receiv$ ,text4 ,x !re=e comes to ?is3--,we are invit$ to make our election betwe5 e o!r copy ( ! ,gospels1--e kn[n ,lection>y1--& 7n lea/ ( all7 ! asc]ta9$ ecclesia/ical usage ( ! ,ea/]n ,*ur* f ! beg9n+1--on ! "o h&3 & ! te/imony ( f\r ,codices )\t a hi/ory or a "*1 :i* concur 9 uphold+ a pat5t mi/ake1 on ! o!r4 ,w any "o hesitate z to :i* ( ^! two p>ties has ! /rong] claim on 8 allegiance8 ,c\ld d\bt be suppos$ to be ent]ta9$ 9 any qu>t]1 x mu/ at all ev5ts be borne away by ! torr5t ( ,patri/ic au?ority :i* is available on ! pres5t occasion3-- ,9 ! ,i,ind c5tury1--we h ! te/imony ( 7#a7 ,ir5u47#ij7 ,9 ! ,i,i,ird1--t ( 7#b7 ,orig57#ia7 9 #c places1--& ( 7#c7 ! ,apo/olical ,con/itutions7#ib7 9 #b4 ,9 ! ,i,vth1--7#d7 ,eusebius17#ic7--7e7 ,aphraates ! ,p]sian17#id7--7f7 ,titus ( ,bo/ra17#ie7 ea* twice2--7#g7 ,didymus7#if7 9 #c places2--7#h7 ,gregory ( ,nazianzus17#ig7--7i7 ,cyril ( ,j]usalem17#ih7--7aj7 ,epiphanius7#ii7 twice2--7#aa7 ,gregory ( ,nyssa7#ajj7 #d times1--7#ab7 ,ephraem ,syrus17#aja7--7ac7 ,philo bi%op ( ,c>pasus17#ajb7--7ad7 ,*ryso/om17#ajc7 9 #i places1--& 7#ae7 a nameless prea*] at ,antio*17#ajd7--;all ^!1 contempor>ies 7be x rememb]$7 ( ,b & 1 are f\nd to be> concurr5t te/imony 9 fav\r ( ! commonly receiv$ text4 ,9 ! ,v? c5tury1--7#af7 ,cyril ( ,alex&ria17#aje7 on no less ?an #ad occasions1 v\*es = x also2--7#ag7 ,!odoret7#ajf7 on #d2--7ah7 ,!odotus ( ,ancyra7#ajg7 on #e 7once7#ajh7 9 a homily prea*$ be=e ! ,c\ncil ( ,ephesus on ,*ri/mas-day1 ,a4,d4 #dca72--7ai7 ,proclus7#aji7 ar*bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople2--7#bj7 ,paulus7#aaj7 bi%op ( ,emesa 79 a s]mon prea*$ be=e ,cyril ( ,alex&ria on ,*ri/mas-day1 ,a4,d4 #dca72--7ba7 ! ,ea/]n bi%ops7#aaa7 at ,ephesus collectively1 ,a4,d4 #dca 7an unusually weighty piece ( evid5ce72--& la/ly1 7#bb7 ,basil ( ,seleucia47#aab7 ,n[1 let x be rem>k$ t ^! 7 contempor>ies ( codex ,a4 ,9 ! ,v,ith c5tury1--! ,patri/ic witnesses are 7#bc7 ,cosmas1 ! voyag]17#aac7 #e times1--7#bd7 ,ana/asius ,s9aita17#aad7--7be7 ,eulogius7#aae7 ar*bi%op ( ,alex&ria3 contempor>ies1 be x rememb]$1 ( codex ,d4 ,9 ! ,v,i,ith1--7#bf7 ,&reas ( ,crete7#aaf7 twice4 ,& 9 ! ,v,i,i,ith1--7#bg7 ,cosmas7#aag7 bi%op ( ,maiuma ne> ,gaza1--& 8 pupil 7#bh7 ,john ,damasc5e17#aah7--;& 7#bi7 ,g]manus7#aai7 ar*bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,to ^! #bi illu/ri\s names are to be add$ unkn[n writ]s ( unc]ta9 date1 b all ( consid]able antiquity2 & "s7#abj7 are prov$ by int]nal evid5ce to belong to ! ,i,vth or ,v? c5tury1--9 %ort1 to be ( ! date ( ! ,fa!rs ^: names #af ( !m sev]ally be>1 b among ^: g5u9e works _! productions are probably n to be reckon$4 ,"o ( ^! 0 anci5tly mi/ak5 = 7#cj7 ,gregory ,?aumaturgus37#aba7 a second1 = 7#ca7 ,me?odius37#abb7 a ?ird1 = 7#cb7 ,basil47#abc7 ,?ree o!rs1 ) diff]5t degrees ( reasonabl5ess1 h be5 suppos$ to be 7#cc1 #cd1 #ce7 ,a?anasius47#abd7 ,"o has pass$ = 7#cf7 ,gregory ( ,nyssa27#abe7 ano!r = 7#cg7 ,epiphanius27#abf7 :ile no less ?an eight 7#ch to #de7 h be5 mi/ak5 = ,*ryso/om17#abg7 "s ( !m be+ c]ta9ly 8 contempor>ies4 ,add 7#df7 "o anonym\s ,fa!r17#abh7 & 7#dg7 ! au?or ( ! apocryphal ,acta ,pilati1--& x w be p]ceiv$ t #ah anci5t au?orities h be5 add$ to ! li/1 e :it z compet5t to witness :at 0 ! text ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad at ! "t :5 ,a ,b ,d 7 writt51 z ,basil or ,a?anasius1 ,epiphanius or ,*ryso/om !mselves47#abi7 ,= our pres5t purpose !y are ,codices ( ! ,i,vth1 ,v?1 & ,v,ith c5turies4 ,9 ?is way !n1 f> m ?an =ty-sev5 anci5t witnesses h come back to te/ify to ! m5 ( ?is g5]ation t ! commonly receiv$ read+ ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad is ! true read+1 & t ! text :i* ! ,revisioni/s are seek+ to palm (f ^u u is a fabrication & a blund]4 ,w any "o be f\nd to ma9ta9 t ! au?ority ( ,b & is appreciable1 :5 confront$ by ! fir/ #ae contempor>y ,ecclesia/ical ,writ]s above enum]at$8 or t ,a c /& aga9/ ! #g :i* foll[8 ,?is is n all h[ev]4 ,survey ! prec$+ enum]ation geographically1 & note t1 besides #a "n f ,gaul1--at lea/ #b /& = ,con/ant9ople1--:ile #e are dott$ ov] ,asia ,m9or3--#aj at lea/ repres5t ,antio*2 &--#f1 o!r p>ts ( ,syria3--#c /& = ,pale/9e1 & #ab = o!r ,*ur*es ( ! ,ea/3--at lea/ #e are ,alex&rian1--#b are m5 ( ,cyprus1 &--#a is f ,crete4 ,if ! articulate voices ( s _m illu/ri\s ,bi%ops1 com+ back to u 9 ?is way f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom & all deliv]+ ! same unfalt]+ message1--if ?is be n all[$ to be decisive on a po9t ( ! k9d j n[ be=e u1 !n pray let u h x expla9$ to u1--,:at am\nt ( evid5ce w m5 accept z f9al8 ,x is high "t t ?is 7 kn[n4444 ,! pla9 tru? is1 t a case has be5 e/abli%$ aga9/ ,a ,b ,d & ! ,lat9 v]sion1 :i* am\nts to pro( t ^? docum5ts1 ev5 :5 !y conspire to yield ! self-same evid5ce1 are n to be dep5d$ on z witnesses to ! text ( ,scripture4 ,! hi/ory ( ! read+ advocat$ by ! ,revisioni/s is briefly ?is3--,x em]ges into notice 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury2 & 9 ! ,v?1 disappe>s f sight entirely4 ,en\gh & to sp>e has n[ be5 (f]$ conc]n+ ! true read+ ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad4 ,b because we propose to ourselves t no unc]ta9ty :atev] %all rema9 on ?is subject1 x w n be wa/$ lab\r if at p>t+ we p\r into ! ru9$ citadel j en\gh ( %ot & %ell to leave no d>k corn] /&+ = ! gho/ ( a respectable d\bt h]eaft] to hide 94 ,n[1 x is confess$ly no?+ else b ! high e/imate :i* ,critics h conceiv$ ( ! value ( ! te/imony ( ! old uncials 7 ,a ,b ,c ,d71 :i* has occasion$ any d\bt at all to exi/ 9 ?is behalf4 ,let ! le>n$ ,read] !n asc]ta9 = himself ! "* ( codices ,a ,b ,c ,d h]eab\ts1 by collat+ ! context 9 :i* ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad is f\nd1 viz4 ! #ac v]ses :i* prec$e & ! "o v]se 7v]4 #ae7 :i* imm$iately foll[s4 ,if ! old uncials are obs]v$ all to s+ 9 tune ?r\gh\t1 h]eab\ts1 well & good3 b if on ! contr>y1 _! voices prove utt]ly discordant1 :o sees n t ! la/ pret5ce has be5 tak5 away = plac+ any confid5ce at all 9 _! te/imony conc]n+ ! text ( v]4 #ad1 turn+ z x does on ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( a s+le lett]8444 ,he w f9d1 z ! result ( 8 analysis1 t )9 ! space ( ^? #ad v]ses1 ! old uncials are responsible = #ef 8v>i\s read+s0 7s-call$73 s+ly1 = #da2 9 comb9ation ) "o ano!r1 = #ae4 ,s div]se1 h[ev]1 is ! te/imony !y respectively r5d]1 t !y are f\nd sev]ally to diff] f ! ,text ( ! cursives no less ?an #gj times4 ,among !m1 besides twice v>y+ ! phrase1--!y contrive to omit #ai words3--to add #d3--to sub/itute #ag3--to alt] #aj3--to transpose #bd4--,la/ly1 ^! five codices are obs]v$ 7)9 ! same n>r[ limits7 to fall into t5 diff]5t comb9ations3 viz4 ,b 1 = #e read+s2--,b ,d1 = #b2-- ,c1 ,d1 ,a ,c1 ,b ,d1 ,a ,d1 ,a ,b ,d1 ,b ,c ,d1 ,a ,b ,c ,d1 = #a ea*4 ,a !re=e1 :i* /&s alone twice1 is f\nd 9 comb9ation #d times2--,c1 :i* /&s alone once1 is f\nd 9 comb9ation #d times27#acj7--;,b1 :i* /&s alone #e times1 is f\nd 9 comb9ation #f times2--1 :i* /&s alone #aa times1 is f\nd 9 comb9ation #h times2--,d1 :i* /&s alone #bb times1 is f\nd 9 comb9ation #g times4444 ,& n[1--= ! la/ "t we ask ! "q1--,) :at %[ ( reason c ! un9telligible 7( ,a ,b ,d7 be upheld z g5u9e1 9 defiance ( ! :ole body ( ,manuscripts1 uncial & cursive1--! great bulk ( ! ,v]sions1--& ! mighty array ( 7upw>ds ( fifty7 ,fa!rs exhibit$ above8 7,c7 ,we are at la/ able to proce$1 ) a promise t we %all r>ely prove s t$i\s aga94 ,b x is absolutely necess>y to beg9 by cle>+ ! gr\nd4 ,we may n g on d\bt+ = ev]4 ,! 8,angelic hymn0 & 8,! la/ #ab ,v]ses0 ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 are conv5i5t places = a trial ( /r5g?4 ,x has n[ be5 prov$ t ! commonly receiv$ text ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad is ! true text1--! ,revisioni/s' em5dation ( ! place1 a palpable mi/ake4 ,on behalf ( ! second ,gospel1 we claim to h also e/abli%$ t an important portion ( ! sacr$ n>rative has be5 unju/ly br&$ ) a note ( ignom9y2 f :i* we solemnly call ^u ! ,revisioni/s to set ! ,evangeli/ free4 ,! pret5ce t no h>m has be5 done him by ! m]e /atem5t ( :at is an und5iable fact1--7viz4 t 8! two olde/ ,greek manuscripts1 & "s o!r au?orities1 omit f v]se #i to ! end20 & t 8"s o!r au?orities h a diff]5t end+ to ! ,gospel107--w n /& exam9ation4 ,p9 to ! %\ld] ( an hon\rable man a he>say libel on 8 "*1 & see :at he w h to say to y6 ,besides1--,:y h ! #ab v]ses be5 fur!r sep>at$ (f f ! re/ ( ! ,gospel8 ,?is at lea/ is unju/ifiable4 ,^? :o1 ) ,drs4 ,rob]ts & ,milligan17#aca7 h be5 taught to ma9ta9 8t ! passage is n ! imm$iate production ( ,s4 ,m>k10--8c h>dly be reg>d$ z a "p ( ! orig9al ,gospel2 b is r an addition made to x at a v e>ly age1 :e!r 9 ! lifetime ( ! ,evangeli/ or n1 x is impossible to say30--su* ,critics are in=m$ t !y /ultify !mselves :5 !y proce$ 9 ! same brea? to assure ! (f5d$ read] t ! passage 8is nev]!less possess$ ( full canonical au?ority407#acb7 ,m5 :o s write %[ t !y d n und]/& ! "q4 ,= if ^! #ab v]ses are 8canonical ,scripture10--z mu* inspir$ z ! #ab v]ses :i* prec$e !m1 & z wor?y ( und\bt+ confid5ce1--!n1 :e!r !y be 8! production ( ,s4 ,m>k10 or ( "s o!r1 is a purely irrelevant circum/ance4 ,! ,au?or%ip ( ! passage1 z e "o mu/ see1 is n ! "q4 ,! la/ #ab v]ses ( ,deut]onomy1 = in/ance1 7 probably n writt5 by ,moses4 ,d we !re=e sep>ate !m (f f ! re/ ( ,deut]onomy1 & encumb] ! m>g9 ) a note expressive ( our op9ion8 ,our ,revisioni/s1 s f> f hold+ :at foll[s to be 8canonical ,scripture10 are c>eful to /ate t a rival end+ to be f\nd else:]e m]its s]i\s att5tion4 ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj1 !re=e 7accord+ to !m71 is n c]ta9ly a g5u9e "p ( ! ,gospel2 may1 aft] all1 be no?+ else b a spuri\s accretion to ! text4 ,& z long z su* d\bts are put =? by our ,revisioni/s1 !y publi% to ! _w t1 9 _! acc\nt at all ev5ts1 ^! v]ses are n 8possess$ ( full canonical au?ority40 ,if 8! two olde/ ,greek manuscripts0 ju/ly 8omit f v]se #i to ! end0 7z /at$ 9 ! m>g971 w any "o d5y t our pr9t$ ,text ought to omit !m also87#acc7 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! circum/ance is a m]e lit]>y curiosity1 w any "o ma9ta9 t x is entitl$ to abid+ record 9 ! m>g9 ( ! ,engli% ,v]sion ( ! ev]la/+ page8--af=ds any w>rant :atev] = sep>at+ 8! la/ ,twelve ,v]ses0 f _! context8 7,d7 ,we c probably r5d] ord9>y read]s no m effectual s]vice1 ?an by (f]+ n[ to guide !m ov] a few select places1 conc]n+ ! true read+ ( :i* ! ,revisioni/s ei!r ent]ta9 su* s]i\s d\bts t !y h record$ _! unc]ta9ty 9 ! m>g9 ( _! "w2 or else1 ent]ta9+ no d\bts at all1 h delib]ately ?ru/ a new read+ into ! body ( _! text1 & t1 )\t explanation1 apology1 or inde$ record ( any k9d47#acd7 ,"o rem>k %\ld be premis$1 viz4 t 8v>i\s ,read+s0 z !y are 7(t5 mo/ unreasonably7 call$1 are seldom if ev] ! result ( consci\s fraud4 ,an imm5se numb] are to be ascrib$ to %e] accid5t4 ,x 0 ?r\gh errone\s judgm5t1 we repeat1 n ) evil int5t1 t m5 took lib]ties ) ! deposit4 ,!y import$ into _! copies :atev] read+s !y consid]$ highly recomm5d$4 ,by "s ( ^! anci5t ,critics x seems to h be5 ?\ght all[able to abbreviate1 by simply leav+ out :atev] did n appe> to !mselves /rictly necess>y3 by o!rs1 to transpose ! words--ev5 ! memb]s--( a s5t5ce1 almo/ to any ext5t3 by o!rs1 to sub/itute easy expressions = difficult ones4 ,9 ?is way x comes to pass t we are (t5 pres5t$1 & 9 ! olde/ docum5ts ( all1 ) ,read+s :i* /& self-condemn$2 are cle>ly fabrications4 ,t x 0 held all[able to assimilate "o ,gospel to ano!r1 is q c]ta94 ,add1 t z e>ly z ! ,i,ind c5tury !re ab\nd$ 9 ! ,*ur* docum5ts1--8,diatess>ons0 !y 7 sometimes call$1--( :i* ! av[$ object 0 to weave "o cont9u\s & connect$ n>rative 8out ( ! f\r20--& we %all f9d t z _m heads h be5 provid$1 z w suffice = ! classification ( almo/ e v>i\s read+ :i* we are likely to enc\nt] 9 our /udy ( ! ,gospels4 ,i4 ,,to ,,accid5tal ,,causes !n we give ! =emo/ place1 & ( ^! we h already furni%$ ! read] ) two notable & altoge!r dissimil> specim5s4 ,! fir/ 7viz4 ! omission ( ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj f c]ta9 anci5t copies ( ! ,gospel7 seems to h orig9at$ 9 an unique circum/ance4 ,accord+ to ! ,we/]n ord] ( ! f\r1 ,s4 ,m>k occupies ! la/ place4 ,f ! e>lie/ p]iod x _h be5 cu/om>y to write 78,,end07 aft] ! #h? v]se ( 8 la/ *apt]1 9 tok5 t !re a fam\s ecclesia/ical lection comes to a close4 ,let ! la/ leaf ( "o v anci5t ar*etypal copy h begun at v]4 #i2 & let t la/ leaf h p]i%$2--& all is pla94 ,a fai?ful copyi/ w h end$ ! ,gospel p]=ce--z ,b & h done--at ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #h4444 ,our o!r example 7,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad7 w h result$ f an accid5t ( ! mo/ ord9>y description1--z 0 expla9$ at ! outset4--,to ! =ego+1 a few o!r specim5s ( errone\s read+s result+ f ,accid5t %all n[ be add$4 7a7 ,always in/ructive1 x is sometimes ev5 ent]ta9+ to trace ! hi/ory ( a mi/ake :i*1 dat+ f ! ,i,ind or ,i,i,ird c5tury1 has rema9$ )\t a patron all d[n ! subsequ5t ages1 until at la/ x has be5 sudd5ly tak5 up 9 our own times by an ,editor ( ! sacr$ ,text1 & /raightway palm$ (f ^u an unle>n$ g5]ation z ! g5u9e "w ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/4 ,?us1 :]eas ! ,*ur* has hi!rto suppos$ t ,s4 ,paul's company 87 9 all 9 ! %ip two hundr$ ?reescore & sixte5 s\ls0 7,acts xxvii4 #cg71 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 7rely+ on ! au?ority ( ,b & ! ,sahidic v]sion7 insi/ t :at ,s4 ,luke actually wrote 0 8ab\t sev5ty-six40 ,9 o!r words1 in/ead ( 1 we are invit$ h5ce=? to read 4 ,:at c h giv5 rise to s =midable a discrepancy8 ,m]e accid5t1 we answ]4 ,fir/1 :]eas ,s4 ,luke c]ta9ly wrote 1 8 la/ six words at "s v e>ly p]iod und]w5t ! famili> process ( ,transposition1 & became1 2 :]eby ! ^w & ! numb]s 7 br\ght into close proximity4 7,x is ?us t ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1 c41 wrongly exhibit ! place47 ,b s9ce 8#bgf0 :5 repres5t$ 9 ,greek num]als is 1 ! inevitable consequ5ce 0 t ! words 7writt5 9 uncials7 ran ?us3 4 ,behold1 ! secret is out6 ,:o sees n :at has happ5$8 ,!re has be5 no int5tional falsification ( ! text4 ,!re has be5 no critical dis9cl9ation to believe t 8a corn-%ip1 presumably heavily lad51 w\ld conta9 s _m s\ls10--z an excell5t judge supposes47#ace7 ,! discrepancy has be5 ! result ( %e] accid5t3 is ! m]e/ blund]4 ,"s ,i,ind-c5tury copyi/ connect$ ! la/ lett] ( ) ! next ensu+ num]al1 :i* /&s = #bjj 7viz4 72 & made an indep5d5t ^w ( x1 viz4 --i4e4 8ab\t40 ,b :5 7i4e4 #bjj7 has be5 tak5 away f 7i4e4 #bgf71 #gf is p]=ce all t rema9s4 ,9 o!r words1 ! result ( s slight a blund] has be5 t in/ead ( 8two hundr$ & sev5ty-six0 771 "s "o wrote --i4e4 8ab\t sev5ty-six40 ,8 blund] w\ld h be5 div]t+ _h x be5 conf9$ to ! pages ( a codex :i* is full ( blund]s4 ,:5 h[ev] x is adopt$ by ! late/ ,editors ( ! ,n4 ,t4 7,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort71--& by _! influ5ce has be5 foi/$ into ! m>g9 ( our revis$ ,engli% ,v]sion--x becomes high "t t we %\ld reclaim aga9/ su* a gratuit\s depravation ( ,scripture4 ,all ?is ought n to h requir$ expla9+3 ! blund] is s gross1--its hi/ory s pat5t4 ,b surely1 _h its orig9 be5 ev] s obscure1 ! mo/ elem5t>y critical k jo9$ to a little "m-wit ought to conv9ce a man t ! read+ _c be tru/wor?y4 ,a read+ discov]able only 9 codex ,b & "o ,egyptian v]sion 7:i* 0 evid5tly execut$ f codices ( ! same corrupt type z codex ,b7 may always be dismiss$ z c]ta9ly spuri\s4 ,b fur!r1--,al?\gh a man might ( c\rse say 8ab\t sev5ty0 or 8ab\t eighty10 7:i* is h[ ,epiphanius7#acf7 quotes ! place17 :o sees n t 8ab\t sev5ty-six0 is an impossible expression8 ,la/ly1 ! two false witnesses give div]g5t te/imony ev5 :ile !y seem to be at "o3 = ! ,sahidic 7or ,!baic7 v]sion arranges ! words 9 an ord] peculi> to itself4 7b7 ,ano!r corruption ( ! text1 ) :i* x is propos$ h5ce=? to disfigure our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 7orig9at+ l ! la/ 9 %e] accid5t17 occurs 9 ,acts xviii4 #g4 ,x is relat$ conc]n+ ,s4 ,paul1 at ,cor9?1 t hav+ =sak5 ! synagogue ( ! ,jews1 8he ent]$ into a c]ta9 man's h\se nam$ ,ju/us0 7 74 ,t ?is is :at ,s4 ,luke wrote1 is to be inf]r$ f ! fact t x is f\nd 9 almo/ e kn[n copy ( ! ,acts1 beg9n+ ) ,a ,d ,g ,h ,l ,p4 ,*ryso/om--! only anci5t ,greek ,fa!r :o quotes ! place--s quotes x4 ,?is is1 9 consequ5ce1 ! read+ ( ,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 & ,tis*5dorf 9 8 #g? edition4 ,b !n1 ! la/ syllable ( 8"n0 77 & ! fir/ ?ree lett]s ( 8,ju/us0 771 9 an uncial copy1 may easily get mi/ak5 = an indep5d5t ^w4 ,inde$ x only wants a horizontal /roke 7at ! summit ( ! second 9 7 to produce 8,titus0 774 ,9 ! ,syriac & ,sahidic v]sions accord+ly1 8,titus0 actually /&s 9 place ( 8,ju/us10--a read+ no long] discov]able 9 any extant codex4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! error result$ n 9 ! sub/itution ( 8,titus0 = 8,ju/us10 b 9 ! introduction ( bo? names :]e ,s4 ,luke wrote b "o4 & ,e1 ! ,vulgate1 & ! ,coptic v]sion1 exhibit 8,titus ,ju/us40 ,& t ! =ego+ is a true acc\nt ( ! bir? & p>5tage ( 8,titus0 is prov$ by ! tell-tale circum/ance1 t 9 ,b ! lett]s & are all religi\sly reta9$1 & a sup]num]>y lett] 77 has be5 ?ru/ 9 betwe51--! result ( :i* is to give u "o m imag9>y g5tleman1 viz4 8,titius ,ju/us20 ) ^: appe>ance1--7& he is f\nd n[h]e b 9 codex ,b17--,tis*5dorf 9 8 #h? ed41 ) ,we/cott & ,hort 9 !irs1 are s captivat$1 t !y actually give him a place 9 _! text4 ,x 0 out ( compassion 7we presume7 = ! fri5dless /rang] 8,titus ,ju/us0 t our ,revisioni/s h1 9 pref]5ce1 promot$ him to hon\r3 9 :i* act ( humanity !y /& alone4 ,_! 8new ,greek ,text0 is ! only "o 9 exi/5ce 9 :i* ! imag9>y =eign] has be5 advanc$ to citiz5%ip1 & assign$ 8a local habitation & a "n40 444 ,^? mu/ h be5 wondr\s dr[sy days 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] :5 su* manipulations ( ! inspir$ text 7 possible6 7c7 ,! two =ego+ depravations grew out ( ! anci5t practice ( writ+ ! ,scriptures 9 uncial *>act]s 7i4e4 9 capital lett]s71 no space be+ int]pos$ betwe5 ! words4 ,ano!r /rik+ in/ance is suppli$ by ,s4 ,mat!w xi4 #bc & ,s4 ,luke x4 #ae1 :]e h[ev] ! error is s transp>5t t ! wond] is h[ x c ev] h impos$ ^u any "o4 ,:at makes ! matt] s]i\s is1 t x gives a turn to a c]ta9 ,div9e say+1 ( :i* x is incr$ible t ei!r our ,,savi\r or ,8 ,evangeli/s knew any?+4 ,we h hi!rto believ$ t ! solemn words ran z foll[s3--8,& ?\1 ,cap]naum1 :i* art exalt$ 7 444 7 unto heav51 %alt be br\ght d[n 77 to hell40 ,= ?is1 our ,revisioni/s invite u to sub/itute1 9 ,s4 ,luke z well z 9 ,s4 ,mat!w1--8,& ?\1 ,cap]naum1 %alt ?\ be exalt$ 7 444 27 unto heav580 ,& !n1 9 ,s4 ,mat!w1 7b n 9 ,s4 ,luke17--8,?\ %alt g d[n 77 into ,hades40 ,n[1 :at c h happ5$ to occasion su* a curi\s p]v]sion ( our ,,"l',s true utt]ance1 & to cause ,him to ask an unmean+ "q ab\t ! future1 :5 ,he 0 cle>ly ann\nc+ a fact1 f\nd$ on ! hi/ory ( ! pa/8 ,a /upid blund] has be5 made 7we answ]71 ( :i* traces survive 7z usual7 only 9 ! same little h&ful ( suspici\s docum5ts4 ,! f9al lett] ( ,cap]naum 77 by cleav+ to ! next ensu+ lett] 77 has made an indep5d5t ^w 772 :i* new ^w necessitates a *ange 9 ! con/ruction1 & causes ! s5t5ce to become int]rogative4 ,& yet1 f\rte5 ( ! uncial manuscripts & ! :ole body ( ! cursives "k no?+ ( ?is3 nei!r does ! ,pes*ito--nor ! ,go?ic v]sion3 no1--nor ,*ryso/om1--nor ,cyril1--nor ps4-,cs>ius1--nor ,!odoret1--! only ,fa!rs :o quote ei!r place4 ,! sole witnesses = 444 9 bo? ,gospels are ,b1 copies ( ! old ,lat91 ,cureton's ,syriac1 ! ,coptic1 & ! ?iopic v]sions1--a cons5sus ( au?orities :i* ought to be held fatal to any read+4 ,c jo9s ! conspiracy 9 ,mat!w xi4 #bc1 b n 9 ,luke x4 #ae3 ,d ,l cons5t 9 ,luke1 b n 9 ,mat!w4 ,! ,vulgate1 :i* sid$ ) ,b 9 ,s4 ,mat!w1 =sakes !m 9 ,s4 ,luke4 ,9 writ+ bo? times 78?\ %alt g d[n071 codex ,b 7=sak5 ?is "t by 7 is support$ by a s+le manuscript1 viz4 ,d4 ,b because1 9 ,mat!w xi4 #bc1 ,b obta9s ! sanction ( ! ,lat9 copies1 is actually introduc$ into ! ,revis$ ,text1 & we are quietly in=m$ 9 ! m>g9 t 8,_m anci5t au?orities read be br\ght d[n30 ! tru? be+ 7z ! read] has be5 made aw>e7 t !re are only two manuscripts 9 exi/5ce :i* read any?+ else4 ,& 7:at des]ves att5tion7 ^? two manuscripts are convict$ ( hav+ borr[$ _! quotation f ! ,septuag9t17#acg7 & !re=e /& self-condemn$4444 ,7 ! occupants ( ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] all--sav+ ! two :o 9 _! publi%$ edition insi/ on read+ 7) ,b & ,d7 9 bo? places--all fa/ asleep :5 !y became cons5t+ p>ties to ?is sad mi/ake8 ,,ii4 ,x is "t to expla9 t1 if ! mo/ s]i\s depravations ( ,scripture are due to ,accid5t1 a va/ numb] are unmi/akably ! result ( ,,design1 & are v clumsily execut$ too4 ,! enum]ation ( a few ( ^! may prove in/ructive3 & we %all beg9 ) some?+ :i* is f\nd 9 ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #c4 ,) no?+ p]haps w ea* sev]al in/ance s mu* impress ! dev\t /ud5t ( ,scripture1 z ) ! exquisite /ructure ( a n>rative 9 :i* corrupt read+s /& self-reveal$ & self-condemn$1 ! in/ant !y are ord]$ to come to ! front & %[ !mselves4 ,b ! po9t to :i* we especially invite 8 att5tion is1 ! suffici5cy ( ! ext]nal evid5ce :i* ,div9e ,wisdom is obs]v$ to h inv>iably provid$ = ! e/abli%m5t ( ! tru? ( ,8 writt5 ,^w4 7a7 ,:5 our ,,"l 0 ab\t to ent] ,8 capital 9 l[ly triumph1 ,he is obs]v$ to h giv5 to 8two ( ,8 disciples0 directions well calculat$ to sugge/ ! my/]i\s nature ( ! incid5t :i* 0 to foll[4 ,!y 7 comm&$ to proce$ to ! entrance ( a c]ta9 village1--to unloose a c]ta9 colt :i* !y w\ld f9d ti$ !re1--& to br+ ! creature /raightway to ,,jesus4 ,any ob/acle :i* !y might enc\nt] w\ld at once disappe> be=e ! simple ann\ncem5t t 8! ,,"l ha? ne$ ( him407#ach7 ,b1 s+ul> to relate1 ?is transaction is f\nd to h /ruck "s ?ird-rate ,i,i,ird-c5tury ,critic z n altoge!r correct4 ,! good man 0 evid5tly ( op9ion t ! colt1--z soon z ! purpose _h be5 accompli%$ = :i* x _h be5 obta9$1--ought 9 common fairness to h be5 return$ to 8! own]s !re(40 7,s4 ,luke xix4 #cc47 ,avail+ himself !re=e ( !re be+ no nom9ative be=e 8w s5d0 79 ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #c71 he assum$ t x 0 ( ,himself t our ,,"l 0 /ill speak+3 feign$ t ! s5t5ce is to be expla9$ ?us3--8say ye1 #8t ! ,,"l ha? ne$ ( him & w /raightway s5d him hi!r4' 0 ,accord+ to ?is view ( ! case1 our ,,savi\r in/ruct$ ,8 two ,disciples to convey to ! own] ( ! colt an und]tak+ f ,himself t ,he w\ld s5d ! creature back z soon z ,he _h done ) x3 w\ld treat ! colt1 9 %ort1 z a loan4 ,a m /upid imag9ation "o has seldom _h to deal )4 ,b 9 ! meantime1 by way ( cl5*+ ! matt]1 ! ,critic proce$$ on 8 own responsibility to ?ru/ into ! text ! ^w 8aga90 774 ,! fate ( su* an unau?oriz$ accretion might h be5 confid5tly pr$ict$4 ,aft] skipp+ ab\t 9 que/ ( a fix$ re/+-place = a few c5turies 7see ! note at foot7#aci771 has %>$ ! inv>iable fate ( all su* spuri\s adjuncts to ! tru? ( ,scripture1 viz43 ,x has be5 effectually elim9at$ f ! copies4 ,traces ( x l+] on only 9 ^? untru/wor?y witnesses ,b ,c ,d ,l 1 & ab\t twice z _m cursive copies1 also ( deprav$ type4 ,s transp>5t a fabrication ought 9 fact to h be5 long s9ce =gott54 ,yet h our ,revisioni/s n be5 afraid to revive x4 ,9 ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #c1 !y invite u h5ce=? to read1 8,& if any "o say unto y1 ,:y d ye ?is8 say ye1 ,! ,,"l ha? ne$ ( him1 & /raightway ,he 7i4e4 ! ,,"l7 w s5d him ,,back hi!r40 444 ,( :at c !y h be5 dream+8 ,!y _c pret5d t !y h ,antiquity on _! side3 =1 besides ! :ole mass ( copies ) ,a at _! head1 bo? ! ,syriac1 bo? ! ,lat91 & bo? ! ,egyptian v]sions1 ! ,go?ic1 ! ,arm5ian1--all 9 fact except ! ?iopic1--are aga9/ !m4 ,ev5 ,orig51 :o twice ins]ts 17#adj7 twice leaves x out47#ada7 ,quid plura8 7b7 ,no ne$ to look else:]e = our next in/ance4 ,a novel /atem5t arre/s att5tion five v]ses l[] d[n3 viz4 t 8,_m spread _! g>m5ts ^u ! way0 & :y n 89 ! way08 does n mean 8^u02 8& o!rs1 bran*es :i* !y _h cut f ! fields0 7,s4 ,m>k xi4 #h74 ,b h[ 9 ! _w c\ld !y h done t8 ,!y mu/ h be5 clev] p c]ta9ly if !y 8cut bran*es f0 any?+ except trees4 ,0 x because our ,revisioni/s felt ?is1 t 9 ! m>g9 !y volunte] ! in=mation1 t ! ,greek = 8bran*es0 is 9 /rictness 8lay]s ( leaves08 ,b :at are 8lay]s ( leaves08 & :at pro( is !re t has t mean+8 & h[ c\ld 8lay]s ( leaves0 h be5 sudd5ly procur$ f su* a qu>t]8 ,we turn to our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 & are refre%$ by ! famili> & intelligible words3 8,& o!rs cut d[n bran*es (f ! trees & /raw$ !m 9 ! way40 ,:y !n has ?is be5 *ang$8 ,9 an ord9>y s5t5ce1 consi/+ ( #ab words1 we f9d t #b words h be5 sub/itut$ = o!r #b2 t #a has und]gone modification2 t #e h be5 eject$4 ,:y is all ?is8 asks ! unle>n$ ,read]4 ,he %all be told4 ,an in/ance is furni%$ u ( ! p]plexity :i* a difficult ^w sometimes occasion$ ! anci5ts1 z well z ( ! s]i\s consequ5ces :i* h sometimes result$ !refrom to ! text ( ,scripture itself4 ,s4 ,mat!w1 aft] n>rat+ t 8a v great multitude spread _! g>m5ts 9 ! way10 adds1 8o!rs cut bran*es 77 f ! trees & /raw$ !m 9 ! way407#adb7 ,b w\ld n bran*es ( any consid]able size h imp$$ progress1 inconv5i5tly encumb]+ ! road8 ,no d\bt !y w\ld4 ,accord+ly1 z ,s4 ,m>k 7) ,s4 ,mat!w's ,gospel be=e him7 is c>eful to expla91 !y 7 n 8bran*es ( any consid]able size10 b 8leafy twigs0--8foliage10 9 fact x 0--8cut f ! trees & /raw$ 9 ! way40 ,! ^w1 h[ev]1 :i* he employs 77 is an unique ^w--v l ano!r ( simil> s\nd 771 yet di/9ct f x 9 s5se1 if n 9 orig94 ,un=tunately1 all ?is 0 n und]/ood 9 a highly uncritical & mo/ lic5ti\s age4 ,) ! be/ int5tions1 7= ! good man 0 only seek+ to reconcile two inconv5i5t p>allel /atem5ts17 "s ,revisioni/ ( ! ,i,ind c5tury1 hav+ conv9c$ himself t ! latt] ^w 77 might ) advantage take ! place ( ,s4 ,m>k's ^w 771 sub/itut$ ?is = t4 ,9 consequ5ce1 x survives to ?is day 9 n9e uncial copies head$ by ,b4 ,b !n1 does n mean 8a bran*0 at all2 no1 nor a 8lay] ( leaves0 ei!r2 b a pallet--a floor-b$1 9 fact1 ( ! humble/ type1 con/ruct$ ( grass1 ru%es1 /raw1 bru%wood1 leaves1 or any simil> sub/ance4 ,on ! o!r h&1 because su* mat]ials are n obta9able f trees exactly1 ! anci5t ,critic judg$ x exp$i5t fur!r to *ange into 78fields074 ,ev5 ?is 0 n altoge!r satisfactory4 1 z expla9$ already1 9 /rictness means a 8b$40 ,only by a c]ta9 am\nt ( lic5se c x be suppos$ to d5ote ! mat]ials ( :i* a b$ is compos$2 :]eas ! ,evangeli/ speaks ( some?+ 8/rawn40 ,! self-same copies1 !re=e1 :i* exhibit 8fields0 79 lieu ( 8trees071 by introduc+ a slight *ange 9 ! con/ruction 7 = 71 & omitt+ ! words 8& /raw$ !m 9 ! way10 are obs]v$--aft] a summ>y fa%ion ( _! own1 7) :i*1 h[ev]1 read]s ( ,b ,d are only too famili>7--to dispose ( ?is difficulty by putt+ x ne>ly out ( sight4 ,! only result ( all ?is misplac$ (fici\sness is a mis]able trave/ie ( ! sacr$ words3-- 1 3 #g words 9 place ( #ab6 ,b ! calamit\s circum/ance is t ! ,critics h all to a man fall5 into ! trap4 ,true1 t ,orig5 7:o once writes & once 71 z well z ! two ,egyptian v]sions1 side ) ,b ,c ,l 9 read+ 3 b !n bo? v]sions 7) ,c7 decl9e to alt] ! con/ruction ( ! s5t5ce2 & 7) ,orig57 decl9e to omit ! clause 3 :ile1 aga9/ ?is little b& ( disunit$ witnesses1 are m>%all$ all ! rema9+ f\rte5 uncials1 head$ by ,a ,d--! ,pes*ito & ! ,philox5ian ,syriac2 ! ,italic1 ! ,vulgate1 ! ,go?ic1 ! ,arm5ian1 ! ,georgian1 & ! ?iopic z well z ! ,slavonic v]sions1 besides ! :ole body ( ! cursives4 ,:e!r !re=e ,antiquity1 ,v>iety1 ,respectability ( witnesses1 numb]s1 or ! reason ( ! ?+ be appeal$ to1 ! case ( our oppon5ts breaks hopelessly d[n4 ,does any "o s]i\sly suppose t1 if ,s4 ,m>k _h writt5 ! common ^w 1 s va/ a majority ( ! copies at ?is day w\ld exhibit ! improbable 8 ,_h ! same ,s4 ,m>k express$ no?+ else b 1 w any "o p]suade u t e copy 9 exi/5ce b five w\ld pres5t u ) 1 8 ,& let u n be told t !re has be5 ,assimilation "h4 ,!re has be5 none4 ,s4 ,mat!w 7xxi4 #h7 writes 444 3 ,s4 ,m>k 7xi4 #h71 444 4 ,! types are di/9ct1 & h be5 fai?fully reta9$ all d[n ! ages4 ,! common read+ is c]ta9ly correct4 ,! ,critics are c]ta9ly 9 error4 ,& we exclaim 7surely n )\t good reason7 aga9/ ! h>d%ip ( ?us hav+ an explod$ corruption ( ! text ( ,scripture furbi%$ up afre% & ?ru/ ^u u1 aft] ly+ des]v$ly =gott5 = upw>ds ( a ?\s& ye>s4 7c7 ,take a yet gross] specim51 :i* has nev]!less impos$ j z completely ^u our ,revisioni/s4 ,x is f\nd 9 ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel 7xxiii4 #de71 & belongs to ! hi/ory ( ! ,crucifixion4 ,all are aw>e t z1 at ! typical r$emption out ( ,egypt1 !re _h be5 a pret]natural d>kness ov] ! l& = ?ree days17#adc7 s1 prelim9>y to ! actual ,exodus ( 8! ,israel ( ,,god10 8!re 0 d>kness ov] all ! l&0 = ?ree h\rs47#add7 ,s4 ,luke adds ! fur!r /atem5t1--8,& ! sun 0 d>k5$0 7 74 ,n[ ! pro( t ?is is :at ,s4 ,luke actually wrote1 is ! mo/ obvi\s & conclusive possible4 is f\nd 9 all ! mo/ anci5t docum5ts4 ,m>cion7#ade7 7^: date is ,a4,d4 #acj-ej7 s exhibits ! place3--besides ! old ,lat97#adf7 & ! ,vulgate3--! ,pes*ito1 ,cureton's1 & ! ,philox5ian ,syriac v]sions3--! ,arm5ian1--! ?iopic1--! ,georgian1--& ! ,slavonic4--,hippolytus7#adg7 7,a4,d4 #aij-bbg71--;,a?anasius17#adh7--;,ephrae m ,syr417#adi7--,!odore ,mops417#aej7--,nilus ! monk17#aea7--,sev]ianus1 79 a homily pres]v$ 9 ,arm5ian1 p4 #dci17--;,cyril ( ,alex&ria17#aeb7--! apocryphal ,gospel ( ,nicodemus--& ! ,anaphora ,pilati17#aec7--;are all witnesses to ! same effect4 ,add ! ,acta ,pilati7#aed7--;& ! ,syriac ,acts ( ! ,apo/les47#aee7--,let x suffice ( ! ,lat9s to quote ,t]tullian47#aef7--;,b ! mo/ /rik+ evid5ce is ! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! manuscripts1 viz4 all ! uncials b #c &-a-half1 & e kn[n ,evangelium4 ,t ! d>kness spok5 ( 0 a div9e port5t--n an eclipse ( ! sun1 b an incid5t :olly out ( ! c\rse ( nature--! anci5ts cle>ly recognize4 ,orig517#aeg7--;,julius ,africanus7#aeh7 7,a4,d4 #bbj71--,mac>ius ,magnes7#aei7 7,a4,d4 #ccj71--;are ev5 eloqu5t on ! subject4 ,*ryso/om's evid5ce is unequivocal47#afj7 ,x is1 nev]!less1 well kn[n t ?is place ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel 0 tamp]$ ) f a v e>ly p]iod2 & t ,orig57#afa7 7,a4,d4 #ahf-bec71 & p]haps ,eusebius17#afb7 employ$ copies :i* _h be5 deprav$4 ,9 "s copies1 writes ,orig51 in/ead ( 8& ! sun 0 d>k5$0 7 71 is f\nd 8! sun hav+ become eclips$0 7 74 ,he po9ts out ) tru? t ! ?+ spok5 ( is a physical impossibility1 & deliv]s x z 8 op9ion t ! corruption ( ! text 0 due ei!r to "s fri5dly h& 9 ord] to acc\nt = ! d>kness2 or else1 7:i* he17#afc7 & ,j]ome7#afd7 aft] him1 ?\ght m likely17 to ! enemies ( ,revelation1 :o s\ght 9 ?is way to provide !mselves ) a pretext = cavil4 ,ei!r way1 ,orig5 & ,j]ome elaborately ass]t t is ! only true read+ ( ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #de4 ,w x be believ$ t ?is gross fabrication--= no o!r reason b because x is f\nd 9 ,b ,l1 & probably once exi/$ 9 ,c7#afe7--;has be5 resuscitat$ 9 #ahha1 & foi/$ into ! sacr$ ,text by our ,revisioni/s8 ,x w\ld be int]e/+ to h ?is proce$+ ( !irs expla9$4 ,:y %\ld ! tru? dwell exclusively7#aff7 ) ,b ,l8 ,x _c be pret5d$ t betwe5 ! ,i,vth & ,v? c5turies1 :5 ! copies ,b 7 made1 & ! ,v? & ,v,ith c5turies1 :5 ! copies ,a ,q ,d ,r 7 execut$1 ?is corruption ( ! text arose3 = 7z 0 expla9$ at ! outset7 ! read+ 9 "q 7 7 is f\nd 9 all ! olde/ & mo/ fam\s docum5ts4 ,our ,revisioni/s _c take _! /& on 8,antiquity10--= z we h se51 all ! ,v]sions 7) ! s+le exception ( ! ,coptic7#afg771--;& ! olde/ ,*ur* writ]s1 7,m>cion1 ,orig51 ,julius ,africanus1 ,hippolytus1 ,a?anasius1 ,gregory ,naz41 ,ephraem1 c417 are all aga9/ !m4--,!y _c advance ! claim ( 8cle>ly prepond]at+ evid5ce20 = !y h b a s+le ,v]sion1--n a s+le ,fa!r1--& b ?ree-&-a-half ,evangelia to appeal to1 out ( p]haps ?ree hundr$ & fifty times t numb]4--,!y _c pret5d t ess5tial probability is 9 fav\r ( ! read+ ( ,b2 see+ t ! ?+ /at$ is a/ronomically impossible4--,!y w n tell u t critical op9ion is ) !m3 = _! judgm5t is oppos$ to t ( e ,critic anci5t & mod]n1 except ,tis*5dorf s9ce 8 discov]y ( codex 4--,( :at nature !n w be _! pro(8444 ,no?+ results f ! discov]y t reads 1 ,b 1--except t ^? two codices are ( ! same corrupt type z ^? :i* ,orig5 delib]ately condemn$ #afej ye>s ago4 ,9 ! meantime1 ) m ( +5uity ?an ( +5u\sness1 our ,revisioni/s attempt to conceal ! fooli%ness ( ! text ( _! *oice by translat+ x unfairly4 ,!y pres5t u )1 8! sun's light fail+40 ,b ?is is a gloss ( _! own4 ,!re is no m5tion ( 8! sun's light0 9 ! ,greek4 ,nor p]haps1 if ! rationale ( ! orig9al expression 7 accurately asc]ta9$1 w\ld su* a p>aphrase ( x prove correct7#afh74 ,b1 9 fact1 ! phrase means 8an eclipse ( ! sun0 & no o!r ?+4 ,9 l mann]1 7#afi7 7z our ,revisioni/s are p]fectly well aw>e7 means 8! sun becom+ eclips$10 or 8suff]+ eclipse40 ,x is easy = ,revisioni/s to 8emphatically d5y t !re is any?+ 9 ! ,greek ^w 1 :5 associat$ ) ! sun1 :i* involves necess>ily ! notion ( an eclipse407#agj7 ,! fact ref]r$ to may n be s dispos$ (4 ,x lies outside ! prov9ce ( 8emphatic d5ial40 ,let !m ask any ,s*ol> 9 ,europe :at means2 & see if he does n tell !m t x c only mean1 8! sun hav+ become eclips$06 ,!y "k ?is e bit z well z _! ,review]4 ,& !y ought ei!r to h _h ! manl9ess to r5d] ! words fai?fully1 or else ! good s5se to let ! ,greek alone1--:i* !y are respectfully assur$ 0 _! only prop] c\rse4 is1 9 fact1 cle>ly above suspicion4 1 :i* ^! le>n$ m5 7) ! be/ int5tions7 h put 9 its place1 is1 to speak pla9ly1 a transp>5t fabrication4 ,t x enjoys 8cle>ly prepond]at+ evid5ce10 is :at no p]son1 fair or unfair1 w = an in/ant v5ture to pret5d4 ,,iii4 ,next1 let u produce an in/ance ( depravation ( ,scripture result+ f ! practice ( ,,assimilation1 :i* prevail$ anci5tly to an ext5t :i* baffles ari?metic4 ,we *oose ! mo/ fam\s in/ance t pres5ts itself4 7a7 ,x occurs 9 ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #bj1 & is m ?an unsuspect$4 ,! sub/itution 7on ! au?ority ( ,b ,l & ! ,coptic7 ( = 9 t v]se1 7i4e4 ! /atem5t t ,h]od 80 mu* p]plex$10--in/ead ( ,h]od 8did _m ?+s107 is ev5 vaunt$ by ! ,critics z ! recov]y ( ! true read+ ( ! place--long obscur$ by ! 8v s+ul> expression0 4 ,to ourselves ! only 8v s+ul>0 ?+ is1 h[ m5 ( fir/-rate ability c fail to see t1 on ! contr>y1 ! propos$ sub/itute is simply fatal to ! ,,_s',s tea*+ 9 ?is place4 8,common s5se is /agg]$ by su* a r5d]+10 7rem>ks ! le>n$ ,bi%op ( ,l9coln74 8,p are n wont to he> gladly ^? by :om !y are mu* p]plex$407#aga7 ,b 9 fact1 ! sacr$ writ]'s object cle>ly is1 to record ! /rik+ circum/ance t ,h]od 0 s mov$ by ! disc\rses ( ,john1 7:om he us$ to 8li/5 to ) pleasure107 t he ev5 8did _m ?+s0 7 7 9 con=mity ) ! ,bapti/'s tea*+47#agb7444 ,& yet1 if ?is be s1 h[ 7we %all be ask$7 has 8he 0 mu* p]plex$0 7 7 contriv$ to effect a lodgm5t 9 s _m z ?ree copies ( ! second ,gospel8 ,x has result$ f no?+ else1 we reply1 b ! det]m9ation to assimilate a /atem5t ( ,s4 ,m>k 7vi4 #bj7 conc]n+ ,h]od & ,john ! ,bapti/1 ) ano!r & a di/9ct /atem5t ( ,s4 ,luke 7ix4 #g71 hav+ ref]5ce to ,h]od & our ,,"l4 ,s4 ,luke1 speak+ ( ! fame ( our ,,savi\r',s miracles at a p]iod subsequ5t to ! ,bapti/'s murd]1 decl>es t :5 ,h]od 8he>d all ?+s t 7 done ,,by ,,him0 7 71 8he 0 mu* p]plex$0 774--,/atem5ts s entirely di/9ct & div]se f "o ano!r z ?is ( ,s4 ,luke1 & t 7giv5 above7 ( ,s4 ,m>k1 might surely 7"o w\ld ?9k7 h be5 let alone4 ,on ! contr>y4 ,a glance at ! foot ( ! page w %[ t 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury ,s4 ,m>k's words 7 solicit$ 9 all sorts ( ways4 ,a p]si/5t det]m9ation exi/$ to make him say t ,h]od hav+ 8he>d ( _m ?+s :i* ,,! ,,bapti/ did10 c47#agc7--;a /range p]v]sion ( ! ,evangeli/'s mean+1 truly1 & only to be acc\nt$ = 9 "o way47#agd7 ,_h ?is be5 all1 h[ev]1 ! matt] w\ld h attract$ no att5tion4 ,"o su* fabrication m or less 9 ! ,lat9 v]sion1 :i* ab\nds 9 fabricat$ read+s1 is ( little mom5t4 ,b !n1 ! ,greek scribes _h rec\rse to a m subtle device = assimilat+ ,m>k vi4 #bj to ,luke ix4 #g4 ,!y p]ceiv$ t ,s4 ,m>k's might be almo/ id5tifi$ ) ,s4 ,luke's 1 by m]ely *ang+ two ( ! lett]s1 viz4 by sub/itut+ = & = 4 ,f ?is1 !re results 9 ,s4 ,mk4 vi4 #bj3 8& hav+ he>d _m ?+s ( him1 he 0 p]plex$20 :i* is v ne>ly id5tical ) :at is f\nd 9 ,s4 ,lu4 ix4 #g4 ,?is fatal sub/itution 7( = 7 survives happily only 9 codices ,b ,l & ! ,coptic v]sion--all ( bad "*4 ,b 7calamit\s to relate7 ! ,critics1 hav+ dis9t]r$ ?is long-s9ce-=gott5 fabrication1 are mak+ vigor\s ef=ts to galvanize x1 at ! end ( fifte5 c5turies1 into gha/ly life & activity4 ,we v5ture to assure !m t !y w n succe$4 ,h]od's 8p]plexity0 did n beg9 until ,john _h be5 behead$1 & ! fame rea*$ ,h]od ( ! miracles :i* our ,,savi\r wr\ght4 ,! apocryphal /atem5t1 n[ = ! fir/ "t ?ru/ into an ,engli% copy ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 may be summ>ily dismiss$4 ,b ! m>vel w = ev] rema9 t a company ( di/+ui%$ ,s*ol>s 7,a4,d4 #ahha7 c\ld s effectually p]suade !mselves t 79 ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #bj7 is a 8pla9 & cle> error10 & t !re is 8decid$ly prepond]at+ evid5ce0 9 fav\r ( 1--z to v5ture to sub/itute ! latt] ^w = ! =m]4 ,?is w = ev] rema9 a m>vel1 we say2 see+ t all ! uncials except ?ree ( bad "*1 toge!r ) e kn[n cursive )\t exception2--! old ,lat9 & ! ,vulgate1 ! ,pes*ito & ! ,philox5ian ,syriac1 ! ,arm5ian1 ?iopic1 ,slavonian & ,georgian v]sions1--are ) ! traditional ,text4 7,! ,!baic1 ! ,go?ic1 & ,cureton's ,syriac are defective "h4 ,! anci5t ,fa!rs are sil5t47 ,,iv4 ,m s]i\s 9 its consequ5ces1 h[ev]1 ?an any o!r s\rce ( mis*ief :i* c be nam$1 is ! process ( ,,mutilation1 to :i*1 f ! beg9n+1 ! ,text ( ,scripture has be5 subject$4 ,by ! 8,mutilation0 ( ,scripture we d b mean ! int5tional ,omission--f :atev] cause proce$+--( g5u9e portions4 ,& ! causes ( x h be5 num]\s z well z div]se4 ,(t51 inde$1 !re seems to h be5 at "w no?+ else b a /range passion = gett+ rid ( :atev] portions ( ! inspir$ ,text h seem$ to anybody sup]flu\s1--or at all ev5ts h appe>$ capable ( be+ remov$ )\t manife/ injury to ! s5se4 ,b ! e/imate ( ! ta/eless ,i,ind-c5tury ,critic w nev] be t ( ! well-in=m$ ,read]1 furni%$ ) ! ord9>y in/9cts ( piety & rev]5ce4 ,?is b>b>\s mutilation ( ! ,gospel1 by ! unc]emoni\s excision ( a multitude ( little words1 is (t5 att5d$ by no worse consequ5ce ?an t !reby an extraord9>y baldness is imp>t$ to ! ,evangelical n>rative4 ,! removal ( s _m ( ! c\pl+-hooks is apt to cause ! curta9s ( ! ,tab]nacle to hang wondr\s ungracefully2 b (t5 t is all4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 7z might h be5 confid5tly anticipat$17 ! result is calamit\s 9 a high degree4 ,n only is ! beauty ( ! n>rative effectually m>r$1 7z e4g4 by ! b>b>\s excision ( ---- --1 f ,s4 ,m>k ix4 #bd737age7--! doctr9al tea*+ ( our ,,savi\r',s disc\rses 9 c\ntless places1 damag$1 7z e4g4 by ! omission ( f v]se #bi73--;absurd expressions attribut$ to ! ,holy ,"o :i* ,he c]ta9ly nev] utt]$1 7z e4g4 by truncat+ ( its la/ ^w ! phrase 1 9 v]se #bc73--;b 7,i47 ,! n>rative is (t5 r5d]$ 9 a mann] un9telligible2 or else 7,,ii471 ,! entire po9t ( a preci\s incid5t is made to disappe> f sight2 or else 7,,iii471 ,an imag9>y incid5t is fabricat$3 or la/ly 7,,iv471 ,"s preci\s say+ ( our ,div9e ,,"l is turn$ into absolute nons5se4 ,take a s+le %ort example ( :at has la/ be5 (f]$1 f ea* ( ! ,gospels 9 turn4 7,i47 ,9 ,s4 ,mat!w xiv4 #cj1 we are invit$ h5ce=? to submit to ! in=mation conc]n+ ,simon ,pet]1 t 8:5 he saw ! w9d1 he 0 afraid40 ,! sight mu/ h be5 peculi>1 c]ta9ly4 ,s1 inde$1 is ! expression4 ,b ,simon ,pet] 0 z unconsci\s ( ! "o z ,s4 ,mat!w ( ! o!r4 ,su* curiosities are ! peculi> prop]ty ( codices ,b--! ,coptic v]sion--& ! ,revisioni/s4 ,! pr$icate ( ! proposition 7viz4 8t x 0 /rong10 conta9$ 9 ! s+le ^w 7 has be5 wantonly excis$4 ,t is all6--al?\gh ,dr4 ,hort succe$$ 9 p]suad+ 8 colleagues to ! contr>y4 ,a m solemn--a f> sadd] in/ance1 awaits u 9 ! next ,gospel4 7,,ii47 ,! fir/ ?ree ,evangeli/s are c>eful to note 8! l\d cry0 ) :i* ! ,r$eem] ( ! ,_w expir$4 ,b x 0 res]v$ = ,s4 ,m>k 7z ,*ryso/om po9t$ out long s9ce7 to record 7xv4 #ci7 ! memorable circum/ance t ?is p>ticul> port5t x 01 :i* wr\ght conviction 9 ! s\l ( ! ,roman soldi] ^: (fice x 0 to be pres5t on t t]rible occasion4 ,! man _h (t5 witness$ dea? by ,crucifixion1 & mu/ h be5 well acqua9t$ ) its ord9>y ph5om5a4 ,nev] be=e _h he witness$ any?+ l ?is4 ,he 0 /ation$ :]e he c\ld see & he> all t happ5$3 8/&+0 7,s4 ,m>k says7 8ne>0 our ,,savi\r1--8ov] aga9/ ,him40 8,n[1 :5 ! ,c5turion saw t x 0 aft] s cry+ out 771 t ,he expir$0 7xv4 #ci7 he utt]$ ! memorable words1 8,truly ?is man 0 ! ,,son ,,( ,,god60 8,:at *iefly mov$ him to make t confession ( 8 fai? 0 t our ,,savi\r evid5tly di$ ) p[]407#agf7 8,! miracle0 7says ,bp4 ,pe>son7 80 n 9 ! dea?1 b 9 ! voice4 ,! /rang5ess 0 n t ,he %\ld die1 b t at ! po9t ( dea? ,he %\ld cry out s l\d4 ,he di$ n by1 b ) a ,miracle407#agg7 444 ,all ?is h[ev] is lo/ 9 ,b ,l1 :i* lit]ally /& alone7#agh7 9 leav+ out ! c5tral & only important ^w1 4 ,calamit\s to relate1 !y are foll[$ h]e9 by our ,revisioni/s3 :o 7misl$ by ,dr4 ,hort7 invite u h5ce=? to read1--8,n[ :5 ! ,c5turion saw t ,he s gave up ! gho/40 7,,iii47 ,9 ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #db1 by leav+ out two little words 7 & 71 ! same bl9d guides1 "u ! same bl9d guidance1 effectually misrepres5t ! record conc]n+ ! rep5tant malefactor4 ,h5ce=? !y w\ld h u believe t 8he said1 #8,,jesus1 rememb] me :5 ?\ come/ 9 ?y ,k+dom4' 0 7,dr4 ,hort 0 =tunately unable to p]suade ! ,revisioni/s to foll[ him 9 fur!r sub/itut+ 8into ?y k+dom0 = 89 ?y k+dom20 & s conv]t+ :at1 9 ! ,a4 ,v41 is no?+ worse ?an a palpable mi/ranslation17#agi7 into :at w\ld h be5 an indelible blot4 ,! record ( 8 discomfiture survives 9 ! m>g974 ,:]eas none ( ! ,*ur*es ( ,*ri/5dom h ev] yet d\bt$ t ,s4 ,luke's record is1 t ! dy+ man 8said unto ,,jesus1 ,,"l1 rememb] me10 c4 7,,iv47 ,9 ,s4 ,john xiv4 #d1 by elim9at+ ! second & ! second 1 our ,,savi\r is n[ made to say1 8,& :i!r ,i g1 ye "k ! way20 :i* is really almo/ nons5se4 ,:at ,he actually said 01 8,& :i!r ,i g ye "k1 & ! way ye "k20 9 consequ5ce ( :i* 7z we all rememb]7 8,?omas sai? unto ,him1 ,,"l1 we "k n #8:i!r' ,?\ goe/1 & h[ c we "k #8! way'80 444 ,let ^! f\r samples suffice ( a /yle ( depravation ) :i*1 at ! end ( #ahjj ye>s1 x is delib]ately propos$ to disfigure e page ( ! ev]la/+ ,gospel2 & = :i*1 7 x tol]at$1 ! ,*ur* w\ld h to ?ank no "o s mu* z ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,we _c af=d1 h[ev]1 s to dismiss ! ph5om5a already op5$ up to ! ,read]'s notice4 ,= inde$1 ?is a/oni%+ ta/e = mutilat+ & maim+ ! ,sacr$ ,deposit1 is p]haps ! /range/ ph5om5on 9 ! hi/ory ( ,textual ,criticism4 ,x is 9 ?is way t a fam\s expression 9 ,s4 ,luke vi4 #a has disappe>$ f codices ,b ,l4 ,! read] may n be displeas$ to li/5 to an anecdote :i* has hi!rto escap$ ! vigilance ( ! ,critics3-- 8,i once ask$ my tea*]1 ,gregory ( ,nazianzus10--7! words are ,j]ome's 9 a lett] to ,nepotianus71--8to expla9 to me ! mean+ ( ,s4 ,luke's expression 1 lit]ally ! #8second-fir/ sabba?4' #8,i w tell y all ab\t x 9 *ur*1' he repli$4 #8,! congregation %all %\t applause1 & y %all h y\r *oice1--ei!r to /& sil5t & look l a fool1 or else to pret5d y und]/& :at y d n4' 0 ,b 8elegant] lusit10 says ,j]ome7#ahj74 ,! po9t ( ! joke 0 ?is3 ,gregory1 be+ a great rhetorician & orator1 w\ld h descant$ s elegantly on ! signification ( ! ^w t ! congregation w\ld h be5 borne away by 8 melliflu\s p]iods1 q reg>dless ( ! s5se4 ,9 o!r words1 ,gregory ( ,nazianzus ,a4,d4 #cfj is f\nd to h no m und]/ood ! ^w ?an ,j]ome did #cgj4 ,ambrose7#aha7 ( ,milan #cgj attempts to expla9 ! difficult expression1 b ) indiff]5t success4 ,epiphanius7#ahb7 ( ,cyprus #cgj does ! same2--& s1 ,isidorus7#ahc7 #djj call$ 8,pelusiota0 aft] ! place ( 8 resid5ce 9 ,l[] ,egypt4--,ps4-,cs>ius7#ahd7 also volunte]s rem>ks on ! ^w ,a4,d4 #djj84--;,x is fur!r expla9$ 9 ! ,pas*al ,*ronicle17#ahe7--;& by ,*ryso/om7#ahf7 #cgj at ,antio*4--8,sabbatum secundo-primum0 is f\nd 9 ! old ,lat91 & is reta9$ by ! ,vulgate4 ,e>li] evid5ce on ! subject does n exi/4 ,we v5ture to assume t a ^w s atte/$ mu/ at lea/ be entitl$ to its place 9 ! ,gospel4 ,su* a body ( fir/-rate positive ,i,vth-c5tury te/imony1 com+ f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom1 add$ to ! significant fact t is f\nd 9 e codex extant except ,b ,l1 & half a doz5 cursives ( suspici\s "*1 ought surely to be reg>d$ z decisive4 ,t an un9telligible ^w %\ld h got omitt$ f a few copies1 requires no explanation4 ,e "o :o has att5d$ to ! matt] is aw>e t ! negative evid5ce ( c]ta9 ( ! ,v]sions also is ( little weight on su* occasions z ! pres5t4 ,!y are obs]v$ con/antly to leave out :at !y ei!r fail$ q to und]/&1 or else f\nd untranslateable4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x w\ld be inexplicable inde$1 t an unique expression l ! pres5t %\ld h e/abli%$ itself univ]sally1 if x 7 actually spuri\s4 ,?is is precisely an occasion = call+ to m9d ! precept proclivi scriptioni pr/at ardua4 ,ap>t f ext]nal evid5ce1 x is a ?\s& times m likely t su* a peculi> ^w z ?is %\ld be g5u9e1 ?an ! rev]se4 ,tis*5dorf accord+ly reta9s x1 mov$ by ?is v consid]ation47#ahg7 ,x got excis$1 h[ev]1 "h & !re f manuscripts at a v e>ly date4 ,&1 incr$ible z x may appe>1 x is a fact1 t 9 consequ5ce ( its abs5ce f ! mutilat$ codices above ref]r$ to1 ,s4 ,luke's fam\s 8second-fir/ ,sabba?0 has be5 ?ru/ out ( 8 ,gospel by our ,revisioni/s4 ,b inde$1 ,mutilation has be5 practis$ ?r\gh\t4 ,by codex ,b 7collat$ ) ! traditional ,text71 no less ?an #bhgg words h be5 excis$ f ! f\r ,gospels alone3 by codex 1--#cdee words3 by codex ,d1--#cgjd words47#ahh7 ,z int]e/+ a set ( in/ances ( ?is1 z are to be any:]e met )1 occurs )9 ! compass ( ! la/ ?ree *apt]s ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel1 f :i* ab\t #bjj words h be5 ei!r =cibly eject$ by our ,revisioni/s1 or else s]v$ ) 8notice to quit40 ,we proce$ to specify ! *ief ( ^!3-- 7#a7 ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #ai1 #bj4 7,acc\nt ( ! ,in/itution ( ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,,"l',s ,supp]1--f 8:i* is giv5 = y0 to ! end1--#cb words47 7#b7 ibid4 #dc1 #dd4 7,our ,,savi\r',s ,agony 9 ! g>d51--#bf words47 7#c7 xxiii4 #ag4 7,! cu/om ( releas+ "o at ! ,passov]1--#h words47 7#d7 ibid4 #cd4 7,our ,,"l',s pray] on behalf ( ,8 murd]]s1--#ab words47 7#e7 ibid4 #ch4 7,! record t ! title on ! ,cross 0 writt5 9 ,greek1 ,lat91 & ,hebrew1--#g words47 7#f7 xxiv4 #a4 78& c]ta9 ) !m10--#d words47 7#g7 ibid4 #c4 78( ! ,,"l ,,jesus10--#c words47 7#h7 ibid4 #f4 78,he is n "h1 b ,he is ris510--#e words47 7#i7 ibid4 #i4 78f ! sepul*re10--#c words47 7#aj7 ibid4 #ab4 7,! m5tion ( ,s4 ,pet]'s visit to ! sepul*re1--#bb words47 7#aa7 ibid4 #cf4 78& sai? unto !m1 ,peace be unto y60--#e words47 7#ab7 ibid4 #dj4 78& :5 ,he _h ?us spok51 ,he %[$ !m ,8 h&s & ,8 feet10--#aj words47 7#ac7 ibid4 #db4 78& ( an honeycomb10--#d words47 7#ad7 ibid4 #ea4 78& 0 c>ri$ up into ,heav510--#e47 7#ae7 ibid4 #eb4 78wor%ipp$ ,him10--#b words47 7#af7 ibid4 #ec4 78prais+ &10--#b words47 ,on an att5tive survey ( ! =ego+ sixte5 in/ances ( unau?oriz$ ,omission1 x w be p]ceiv$ t ! #a/ passage 7,s4 ,luke xxii4 #ai1 #bj7 mu/ h be5 elim9at$ f ! ,text because ! m5tion ( two ,cups seem$ to create a difficulty4--,! #bnd has be5 suppress$ because 7see p4 #hb7 ! incid5t 0 deem$ d]ogatory to ! maje/y ( ,,god ,inc>nate4--,! #crd & #e? 7 held to be sup]flu\s1 because ! in=mation :i* !y conta9 has be5 already convey$ by ! p>allel passages4--,! #aj? w h be5 omitt$ z app>5tly inconsi/5t ) ! /rict lett] ( ,s4 ,john xx4 #a-aj4--,! #f? & #ac? are c]ta9ly in/ances ( en=c$ ,h>mony4--,mo/ ( ! o!rs 7! #d?1 #g?1 #h?1 #i?1 #aa?1 #ab?1 #ad?1 #ae?1 #af?7 seem to h be5 excis$ ?r\gh m]e wantonness1--! v]ie/ lic5ti\sness4--,9 ! meantime1 s f> are ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort f accept+ ! =ego+ acc\nt ( ! matt]1 t !y ev5 /yle ! #a/ 8a p]v]se int]polation30 9 :i* view ( ! subject1 h[ev]1 !y enjoy ! di/9ction ( /&+ entirely alone4 ,) ! same 8moral c]ta9ty10 !y fur!r proce$ to %ut up )9 d\ble brackets ! #bnd1 #d?1 #g?1 #aj?1 #aa?1 #ab?1 #ad?1 #ae?3 :ile ! #crd1 #e?1 #f?1 #ac?1 & #af?1 !y exclude f _! ,text z indisputably spuri\s matt]4 ,n[1 we are n ab\t to abuse our ,read]s' pati5ce by an inve/igation ( ! sev]al po9ts rais$ by ! =ego+ /atem5t4 ,9 fact1 all %\ld h be5 pass$ by 9 sil5ce1 b t unhappily ! 8,revision0 ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion is t\*$ !reby v ne>ly inde$4 ,s intimate 7may we n say1 s fatal87 proves to be ! sympa?y betwe5 ! lab\rs ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort & ^? ( our ,revisioni/s1 t :atev] ! =m] h %ut up )9 d\ble brackets1 ! latt] are discov]$ to h br&$ ) a note ( suspicion1 conceiv$ inv>iably 9 ! same t]ms3 viz41 8,"s anci5t au?orities omit40 ,& fur!r1 :atev] ^? ,editors h reject$ f _! ,text1 ^! ,revisioni/s h reject$ also4 ,x becomes necess>y1 !re=e1 briefly to enquire aft] ! precise am\nt ( manuscript au?ority :i* und]lies c]ta9 ( ! =ego+ *anges4 ,& happily ?is may be done 9 a few words4 ,! sole au?ority = j half ( ! places above enum]at$7#ahi7 is a s+le ,greek codex1--& t1 ! mo/ deprav$ ( all1--viz4 ,beza's ,d47#aij7 ,x %\ld fur!r be /at$ t ! only allies discov]able = ,d are a few copies ( ! old ,lat94 ,:at we are say+ w seem sc>cely cr$ible3 b x is a pla9 fact1 ( :i* any "o may conv9ce himself :o w be at ! pa9s to inspect ! critical app>atus at ! foot ( ! pages ( ,tis*5dorf's la/ 7#h?7 edition4 ,our ,revisioni/s' notion1 !re=e1 ( :at con/itutes 8weighty evid5ce0 is n[ be=e ! ,read]4 ,if1 9 8 judgm5t1 ! te/imony ( "o s+le manuscript1 7& t manuscript ! ,codex ,bez 7,d717--does really invalidate t ( all o!r ,manuscripts & all o!r ,v]sions 9 ! _w1--!n ( c\rse1 ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,revisioni/s w 9 8 judgm5t be a ?+ to be rejoic$ ov]4 ,b :at if he %\ld be ( op9ion t su* te/imony1 9 & by itself1 is simply wor?less8 ,we %rewdly suspect t ! ,revisioni/s' view ( :at con/itutes 8weighty ,evid5ce0 w be f\nd to end :]e x began1 viz4 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,=1 :5 we rea* d[n codex ,d f ! %elf1 we are rem9d$ t1 )9 ! space ( ! ?ree *apt]s ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel n[ "u consid]ation1 !re are 9 all no less ?an #ced words omitt$2 ( :i*1 #bej are omitt$ by ,d alone4 ,may we h x expla9$ to u :y1 ( ^? #ced words1 only #be are s+l$ out by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort = p]man5t excision f ! sacr$ ,text8 ,)9 ! same compass1 no less ?an #agc words h be5 add$ by ,d to ! commonly ,receiv$ ,text1--#adf1 sub/itut$1--#bdc1 transpos$4 ,may we ask h[ x comes to pass t ( ^? #efb words n "o has be5 promot$ to _! m>g9 by ! ,revisioni/s8444 ,return we1 h[ev]1 to our li/ ( ! *anges :i* !y actually h effect$4 7#a7 ,n[1 t ecclesia/ical usage & ! p>allel places w\ld s]i\sly affect su* preci\s words z are f\nd 9 ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #ai1 #bj1--0 to h be5 expect$4 ,yet has ! type be5 pres]v$ all along1 f ! beg9n+1 ) s+ul> exactness2 except 9 "o little h&ful ( s+ul>ly lic5ti\s docum5ts1 viz4 9 ,d a ff#b i l1 :i* leave all out2--9 b e1 :i* sub/itute v]ses #ag & #ah2--;& 9 8! s+ul> & sometimes r wild ,curetonian ,syriac ,v]sion107#aia7 :i*1 reta9+ ! #aj words ( v]4 #ai1 sub/itutes v]ses #ag1 #ah = v]4 #bj4 ,en\gh = ! condemnation ( ,d survives 9 ,ju/917#aib7--;,basil17#aic7--;,epiphani us17#aid7--,!odoret17#aie7--;,cyril17#ai f7--,maximus17#aig7--;,j]ome47#aih7 ,b :y delay ourselves conc]n+ a place v\*$ = by e kn[n copy ( ! ,gospels except ,d8 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort ent]ta9 8no moral d\bt t ! #cb words giv5 at foot7#aii7 7 abs5t f ! orig9al text ( ,s4 ,luke20 9 :i* op9ion1 happily1 !y /& alone4 ,b :y did our ,revisioni/s suff] !mselves to be l$ a/ray by su* bl9d guidance8 ,! next place is entitl$ to f> grav] att5tion1 & may on no acc\nt be lightly dismiss$1 see+ t ^! two v]ses conta9 ! sole record ( t 8,agony 9 ! ,g>d50 :i* ! univ]sal ,*ur* has almo/ erect$ into an article ( ! ,fai?4 7#b7 ,t ! incid5t ( ! m9i/]+ ,angel1 ! ,agony & bloody sweat ( ! _w's ,r$eem] 7,s4 ,luke xxii4 #dc1 #dd71 0 anci5tly abs5t f c]ta9 copies ( ! ,gospels1 is expressly record$ by ,hil>y17#bjj7 by ,j]ome17#bja7 & o!rs4 ,only necess>y is x to read ! apologetic rem>ks :i* ,ambrose introduces :5 he rea*es ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #dc17bjb7 to und]/& :at has evid5tly l$ to ?is s]i\s mutilation ( ,scripture1--traces ( :i* survive at ?is day exclusively 9 f\r codices1 viz4 ,a ,b ,r ,t4 ,s+ul> to relate1 9 ! ,gospel :i* 0 read on ,maundy-,?ursday ^! two v]ses ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel are ?ru/ 9 betwe5 ! #ci? & ! #dj? v]ses ( ,s4 ,mat!w xxvi4 ,h5ce1 #d cursive copies1 viz4 #ac-fi-abd-cdf--7;confess$ly d]iv$ f a common anci5t ar*etype17#bjc7 & !re=e n f\r witnesses b only "o71--actually exhibit ^! two ,v]ses 9 t place4 ,b w any unprejudic$ p]son ( s\nd m9d ent]ta9 a d\bt conc]n+ ! g5u95ess ( ^! two v]ses1 witness$ to z !y are by ! :ole body ( ! ,manuscripts1 uncial z well z cursive1 & by e anci5t ,v]sion8444 ,if su* a ?+ 7 possible1 x is hop$ t ! foll[+ enum]ation ( anci5t ,fa!rs1 :o di/9ctly recognize ! place "u discussion1 mu/ at lea/ be held to be decisive3--viz4 ,ju/9 ,m417#bjd7--;,ir5u7#bje7 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury3-- ,hippolytus17#bjf7--;,dionysius ,alex417#bjg7--ps4 ,tatian17#bjh7 9 ! ,i,i,ird4-- ,arius17#bji7--;,eusebius17#baj7--;,a?an asius17#baa7--;,ephraem ,syr417#bab7--;,didymus17#bac7--;,gregor y ,naz417#bad7--;,epiphanius17#bae7--;,*ry so/om17#baf7--ps4-,dionysius ,areop417#bag7 9 ! ,i,vth3-- ,julian ! h]etic17#bah7--,!odoras ,mops417#bai7--,ne/orius17#bbj7--;,cyril ,alex417#bba7--,paulus1 bi%op ( ,emesa17#bbb7--;,g5nadius17#bbc7--,!odor et17#bbd7--;& sev]al ,ori5tal ,bi%ops 7,a4,d4 #dca717bbe7 9 ! ,v?3--besides ,ps4-,cs>ius17#bbf7--,!odosius ,alex417#bbg7--;,john ,damasc5e17#bbh7--,maximus17#bbi7--,!odo rus hret417#bcj7--,leontius ,byz417#bca7--;,ana/asius ,s9417#bcb7--,photius37#bcc7 & ( ! ,lat9s1 ,hil>y17#bcd7--;,j]ome17#bce7--;,augu/9e 17#bcf7--;,cassian17#bcg7--,paul9us17#bc h7--;,facundus47#bci7 ,x w be se5 t we h be5 enum]at+ upw>ds ( =ty fam\s p]sonages f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom1 :o recognize ^! v]ses z g5u9e2 f\rte5 ( !m be+ z old1--"s ( !m1 a great deal old]1--?an our olde/ ,,mss4--,:y !re=e ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort %\ld insi/ on %utt+ up ^! #bf preci\s words--?is article ( ! ,fai?--9 d\ble brackets1 9 tok5 t x is 8morally c]ta90 t v]ses #dc & #dd are ( spuri\s orig91 we are at a loss to div9e47#bdj7 ,we c b ejaculate 79 ! v words !y proce$ to disall[71--8,,fa!r1 =give !m2 = !y "k n :at !y d40 ,b our especial conc]n is ) our ,revisioni/s2 & we d n exce$ our prov9ce :5 we come =w>d to reproa* !m /]nly = hav+ succumb$ to su* evil c\nsels1 & delib]ately br&$ ^! ,v]ses ) _! own corporate expression ( d\bt4 ,= unless t be ! purpose ( ! m>g9al ,note :i* !y h set aga9/ ^! v]ses1 we fail to und]/& ! ,revis]s' language & are :olly at a loss to div9e :at purpose t note ( !irs c be meant to s]ve4 ,x is prefac$ by a =mula :i*1 7z we le>n f _! own ,preface17 (f]s to ! read] ! 8alt]native0 ( omitt+ ! ,v]ses 9 "q3 implies t 8x w\ld n be safe0 any long] to accept !m1--z ! ,*ur* has hi!rto done1--) und\bt+ confid5ce4 ,9 a ^w1--x br&s !m ) suspicion4444 ,we h be5 s full on ?is subject1--7n half ( our ref]5ces 7 kn[n to ,tis*5dorf17--because ( ! unspeakable preci\sness ( ! record2 & because we desire to see an end at la/ to expressions ( d\bt & unc]ta9ty on po9ts :i* really af=d n a %ad[ ( pret5ce = ei!r4 ,^! two ,v]ses 7 excis$ ?r\gh mi/ak5 piety by c]ta9 ( ! or?odox1--jeal\s = ! hon\r ( _! ,,"l1 & al>m$ by ! use :i* ! impugn]s ( ,8 ,g,o,dhead freely made ( !m47#bda7 ,h5ce ,ephraem ,c>m9a ,nisib5a1 p4 #ade puts ! foll[+ words into ! m\? ( ,satan1 address+ ! ho/ ( ,hell3--8,"o ?+ ,i witness$ 9 ,him :i* especially com=ts me4 ,i saw ,him pray+2 & ,i rejoic$1 = ,8 c\nt5ance *ang$ & ,he 0 afraid4 ,8 sweat 0 drops ( blood1 = ,he _h a pres5tim5t t ,8 day _h come4 ,?is 0 ! faire/ sight ( all1--unless1 to be sure1 ,he 0 practis+ deception on me4 ,= v]ily if ,he ha? deceiv$ me1 !n x is all ov]1--bo? ) me1 & ) y1 my s]vants60 7#d7 ,next 9 importance aft] ! prec$+1 comes ! ,pray] :i* ! ,,savi\r ( ! ,_w brea!d f ! ,cross on behalf ( ,8 murd]]s 7,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #cd74 ,^! twelve preci\s words1--78,!n said ,,jesus1 ,,fa!r1 =give !m2 = !y "k n :at !y d107--l ^? tw5ty-six words 9 ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #dc1 #dd :i* we h be5 consid]+ already1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort enclose )9 d\ble brackets 9 tok5 ( ! 8moral c]ta9ty0 !y ent]ta9 t ! words are spuri\s47#bdb7 ,& yet ^! words are f\nd 9 e kn[n uncial & 9 e kn[n cursive ,copy1 except f\r2 besides be+ f\nd 9 e anci5t ,v]sion4 ,& :at1--7we ask ! "q ) s9c]e simplicity17--:at am\nt ( evid5ce is calculat$ to inspire und\bt+ confid5ce 9 any exi/+ ,read+1 if n su* a concurr5ce ( ,au?orities z ?is8444 ,we =be> to insi/ ^u ! probabilities ( ! case4 ,! ,div9e p[] & sweetness ( ! incid5t %all n be enl>g$ ^u4 ,we introduce no consid]ations result+ f ,int]nal ,evid5ce4 ,true1 t 8few v]ses ( ! ,gospels be> 9 !mselves a sur] witness to ! ,tru? ( :at !y record1 ?an ?is40 7,x is ! admission ( ! v man7#bdc7 :o has nev]!less d>$ to br& x ) suspicion47 ,b we reject 8 loa?some patronage ) indignation4 8,int]nal ,evid5ce10--8,transcriptional ,probability10--& all su* 8*aff & draff10 ) :i* he fills 8 pages ad nauseam1 & my/ifies nobody b himself1--%all be all[$ no place 9 ! pres5t discussion4 ,let ?is v]se ( ,scripture /& or fall z x meets ) suffici5t ext]nal te/imony1 or is =sak5 !reby4 ,h[ !n ab\t ! ,patri/ic evid5ce1--= ?is is all t rema9s unexplor$8 ,only a fraction ( x 0 kn[n to ,tis*5dorf4 ,we f9d our ,,savi\r',s ,pray] atte/$1-- ,9 ! ,i,ind c5tury by ,hegesippus17#bdd7--;& by ,ir5u37#bde7-- ,9 ! ,i,i,ird1 by ,hippolytus17#bdf7--;by ,orig517#bdg7--;by ! ,apo/olic ,con/itutions17#bdh7--;by ! ,clem5t9e ,homilies17#bdi7--;by ps4-,tatian17#bej7--;& by ! disputation ( ,ar*elaus ) ,manes37#bea7-- ,9 ! ,i,vth1 by ,eusebius17#beb7--;by ,a?anasius17#bec7--;by ,gregory ,nyss417#bed7--;by ,!odoras ,h]ac417#bee7--;by ,basil17#bef7--;by ,*ryso/om17#beg7--;by ,ephraem ,syr417#beh7--;by ps4-,ephraim17#bei7--;by ps4-,dionysius ,areop417#bfj7--;by ! ,apocryphal ,acta ,pilati17#bfa7--;by ! ,acta ,philippi17#bfb7--;& by ! ,syriac ,acts ( ! ,app417#bfc7--;by ps4-,ignatius17#bfd7--;& ps4-,ju/937#bfe7-- ,9 ! ,v?1 by ,!odoret17#bff7--;by ,cyril17#bfg7--;by ,eu!rius37#bfh7 ,9 ! ,v,ith1 by ,ana/asius ,s9417#bfi7--;by ,hesy*ius37#bgj7-- ,9 ! ,v,i,ith1 by ,antio*us mon417#bga7--;by ,maximus17#bgb7--;by ,&reas ,cret437#bgc7-- ,9 ! ,v,i,i,ith1 by ,john ,damasc5e17#bgd7--;besides ps4-,*ryso/om17#bge7--ps4 ,amphilo*ius17#bgf7--;& ! ,opus imp]f47#bgg7 ,add to ?is1 7s9ce ,lat9 au?orities h be5 br\ght to ! front71--,ambrose17#bgh7--;,hil>y17#bgi7 --;,j]ome17#bhj7--;,augu/9e17#bha7--;& o!r e>li] writ]s47#bhb7 ,we h ?us aga9 enum]at$ upw>ds ( =ty anci5t ,fa!rs4 ,& aga9 we ask1 ,) :at %[ ( reason is ! br& set ^u ^! #ab words8 ,gravely to cite1 z if !re 7 any?+ 9 x1 su* c\nt]-evid5ce z ! foll[+1 to ! =ego+ torr5t ( ,te/imony f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom3--viz3 8,b ,d1 #ch1 #dce1 a b d & "o ,egyptian v]sion0--might really h be5 mi/ak5 = a mauvaise plaisant]ie1 7 x n t ! gravity ( ! occasion effectually precludes ! supposition4 ,h[ c\ld our ,revisioni/s d>e to ins9uate d\bts into wav]+ he>ts & unle>n$ heads1 :]e 7z "h7 !y 7 b\nd to "k1 !re exi/s no mann] ( d\bt at all8 7#e7 ,! record ( ! same ,evangeli/ 7,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ch7 t ! ,inscription ov] our ,,savi\r',s ,cross 0 8writt5 444 9 lett]s ( ,greek1 & ,lat91 & ,hebrew10 disappe>s entirely f our 8,revis$0 v]sion2 & ?is1 = no o!r reason1 b because ! incid5t is omitt$ by ,b ,c ,l1 ! corrupt ,egyptian v]sions1 & ,cureton's deprav$ ,syriac3 ! text ( :i* 7accord+ to ,bp4 ,ellicott7#bhc77 8is ( a v composite nature1--sometimes incl9+ to ! %ortness & simplicity ( ! ,vatican manuscript0 7,b73 e4g4 on ! pres5t occasion4 ,b surely ! negative te/imony ( ?is little b& ( disreputable witnesses is entirely outweigh$ by ! positive evid5ce ( ,a ,d ,q ,r ) #ac o!r uncials1--! evid5ce ( ! entire body ( ! cursives1--! sanction ( ! ,lat91--! ,pes*ito & ,philox5ian ,syriac1--! ,arm5ian1--?iopic1--& ,georgian v]sions2 besides ,eusebius--^: te/imony 7:i* is express7 has be5 hi!rto /rangely ov]look$7#bhd7--;& ,cyril47#bhe7 ,aga9/ ! ?reefold plea ( ,antiquity1 ,respectability ( witnesses1 ,univ]sality ( te/imony1--:at h our ,revisioni/s to %[8 7a7 ,!y _c pret5d t !re has be5 ,assimilation "h2 = ! type ( ,s4 ,john xix4 #bj is ess5tially diff]5t1 & has reta9$ its di/9ctive "* all d[n ! ages4 7b7 ,nor c !y pret5d t ! condition ( ! ,text h]eab\ts be>s traces ( hav+ be5 jeal\sly gu>d$4 ,we ask ! ,read]'s att5tion to ?is matt] j = a mom5t4 ,!re may be "s ( ! occupants ( ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] ev51 to :om :at we are ab\t to (f] may n be altoge!r )\t ! grace ( novelty3-- ,t ! ,title on ! ,cross is div]sely set d[n by ea* ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s1--all m5 are aw>e4 ,b p]haps all are n aw>e t ,s4 ,luke's record ( ! ,title 79 *4 xxiii4 #ch7 is exhibit$ 9 f\r diff]5t ways by codices ,a ,b ,c ,d3-- ,a exhibits-- ,b 7) ,l & a7 exhibits-- ,c exhibits-- 7:i* is ,mk4 xv4 #bf74 ,d 7) e & ff#b7 exhibits-- 7:i* is ! words ( ! ,evangeli/ transpos$74 ,we propose to recur to ! =ego+ specim5s ( lic5ti\sness by-&-by47#bhf7 ,= ! mom5t1 let x be add$ t codex ,x & ! ,sahidic v]sion conspire 9 a fif? v>iety1 viz41 7:i* is ,s4 ,matt4 xxvii4 #cg72 :ile ,ambrose7#bhg7 is f\nd to h us$ a ,lat9 copy :i* repres5t$ 7:i* is ,s4 ,john xix4 #ah74 ,we sp>e ! read] any rem>ks ( our own on all ?is4 ,he is compet5t to draw 8 own pa9ful inf]5ces1 & w n fail to make 8 own damag+ reflections4 ,he %all only be fur!r in=m$ t #ad uncials & ! :ole body ( ! cursive copies side ) codex ,a 9 uphold+ ! ,traditional ,text2 t ! ,vulgate17#bhh7--! ,pes*ito1--,cureton's ,syriac1--! ,philox5ian2--besides ! ,coptic1--,arm5ian1--& ?iopic v]sions--are all on ! same side3 la/ly1 t ,orig517#bhi7--;,eusebius1--& ,gregory ( ,nyssa7#bij7 are 9 addition cons5ti5t witnesses2--& we c h>dly be mi/ak5 if we v5ture to anticipate 7#a/71--,t ! ,read] w agree ) u t ! ,text ) :i* we are be/ acqua9t$ 7z usual7 is "h des]v+ ( all confid5ce2 & 7#bndly71--,t ! ,revisioni/s :o assure u 8t !y did n e/eem x )9 _! prov9ce to con/ruct a cont9u\s & complete ,greek ,text20 7& :o 7 nev] au?oriz$ to con/ruct a new ,greek ,text at all27 7 n ju/ifi$ 9 ! c\rse !y h pursu$ ) reg>d to ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ch4 8,,?is ,,is ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,! ,,jews0 is ! only idiomatic way ( r5d]+ into ,engli% ! title accord+ to ,s4 ,luke1 :e!r ! read+ ( ,a or ( ,b be adopt$2 b1 9 ord] to make x pla9 t !y reject ! ,greek ( ,a 9 fav\r ( ,b1 ! ,revisioni/s h gone out ( _! way4 ,!y h in/ruct$ ! two ,editors ( 8,! ,greek ,te/am5t ) ! ,read+s adopt$ by ! ,revis]s ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion07#bia7 to exhibit ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ch z x /&s 9 ! mutilat$ rec5sion ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort47#bib7 ,& if ?is proc$ure1 repeat$ _m hundr$s ( times1 be n con/ruct+ a 8new ,greek ,text0 ( ! ,n4 ,t41 we h yet to le>n :at is4 7#f7 ,f ! fir/ v]se ( ! conclud+ *apt] ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel1 is exclud$ ! famili> clause--8& c]ta9 o!rs ) !m0 7 74 ,& pray1 :y8 ,= no o!r reason b because ,b ,c ,l1 ) "s ,lat9 au?orities1 omit ! clause2--& our ,revisioni/s d ! l1 on ! plea t !y h only be5 gett+ rid ( a 8h>moni/ic ins]tion407#bic7 ,b x is no?+ ( ! sort1 z we proce$ to expla94 ,ammonius1 or "s pr$ecessor ( 8 e>ly 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury1 saw fit 7) p]v]se +5uity7 to seek to =ce ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ee into agreem5t ) ,s4 ,matt4 xxvii4 #fa & ,s4 ,m>k xv4 #dg1 by turn+ 1--into 4 ,?is done1 9 ord] to produce 8h>moni/ic0 agreem5t & to be ?or\gh1 ! same misguid$ individual proce$$ to run 8 p5 ?r\gh ! words 8& c]ta9 ) !m0 7 7 z inopportune2 & 8 "w 0 end$4 #agej ye>s h roll$ by s9ce !n1 &--,:at traces rema9 ( ! man's fooli%ness8 ,( 8 fir/ feat 7we answ]71 ,eusebius17#bid7 ,d & ,evan4 #bi1 besides five copies ( ! old ,lat9 7a b e ff#b q71 are ! sole surviv+ ,witnesses4 ,( 8 second a*ievem5t1 ,b ,c ,l1 #cc1 #abd1 h pres]v$ a record2 besides sev5 copies ( ! old ,lat9 7a b c e ff#b g-#a #a71 toge!r ) ! ,vulgate1 ! ,coptic1 & ,eusebius 9 "o place7#bie7 ?\gh n 9 ano!r47#bif7 ,! ,read] is !re=e invit$ to notice t ! tables h be5 unexpect$ly turn$ ^u our oppon5ts4 ,s4 ,luke introduc$ ! words 8& c]ta9 ) !m10 9 ord] to prep>e u = :at he w h to say 9 xxiv4 #aj1--viz4 8,x 0 ,m>y ,magdal5e1 & ,joanna1 & ,m>y ! "m ( ,james1 & o!r wom5 ) !m1 :i* told ^! ?+s unto ! ,apo/les40 ,"s /upid h>moniz] 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury omitt$ ! words1 because !y 7 9 8 way4 ,calamit\s h[ev] x is t a clause :i* ! ,*ur* has long s9ce delib]ately re9/at$ %\ld1 9 ! ye> #ahha1 be z delib]ately bani%$ = ! second "t f ! sacr$ page by our ,revisioni/s2 :o "u ! plea ( am5d+ our ,engli% ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion h 7) ! be/ int5tions7 falsifi$ ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,gospels 9 c\ntless places1--(t51 z "h1 )\t notice & )\t apology4 7#aj7 ,we f9d x impossible to pass by 9 sil5ce ! treatm5t :i* ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #ab has exp]i5c$ at _! h&s4 ,!y h br&$ ) d\bt ,s4 ,luke's memorable acc\nt ( ,s4 ,pet]'s visit to ! sepul*re4 ,& :y8 ,let ! evid5ce = ?is preci\s portion ( ! n>rative be fir/ rehe>s$4 ,n9ete5 uncials !n1 ) ,a ,b at _! head1 support$ by e kn[n cursive copy1--all ^! v\* = ! g5u95ess ( ! v]se 9 "q4 ,! ,lat91--! ,syriac1--& ! ,egyptian v]sions also conta9 x4 ,eusebius17#big7--;,gregory ( ,nyssa17#bih7--;,cyril17#bii7--,sev]us17 #cjj7--;,ammonius17#cja7 & o!rs7#cjb7 ref] to x3 :ile no anci5t writ] is f\nd to impugn x4 ,!n1 :y ! d\ble brackets ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort8 & :y ! correlative m>g9al note ( our ,revisioni/s8--,simply because ,d & #e copies ( ! old ,lat9 7a b e l fu7 leave ^! #bb words out4 7#aa7 ,on ! same sorry evid5ce--7viz4 ,d & #e copies ( ! old ,lat97--x is propos$ h5ce=? to omit our ,,savi\r',s greet+ to ,8 disciples :5 ,he appe>$ among !m 9 ! upp] *amb] on ! ev5+ ( ! fir/ ,ea/] ,day4 ,& yet ! preci\s words 78& sai? unto !m1 ,peace be unto y0 ,lu4 xxiv4 #cf17 are v\*$ = by #ah uncials 7) ,a ,b at _! head71 & e kn[n cursive copy ( ! ,gospels3 by all ! ,v]sions3 & 7z be=e7 by ,eusebius17#cjc7--;& ,ambrose17#cjd7--;by ,*ryso/om17#cje7--;& ,cyril17#cjf7--;& ,augu/9e47#cjg7 7#ab7 ,! same rem>ks sugge/ !mselves on a survey ( ! evid5ce = ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #dj3--8;,& :5 ,he _h ?us spok51 ,he %[$ !m ,8 h&s & ,8 feet40 ,! words are f\nd 9 #ah uncials 7beg9n+ ) ,a ,b71 & 9 e kn[n cursive3 9 ! ,lat917#cjh7--! ,syriac1--! ,egyptian1--9 %ort1 9 all ! anci5t ,v]sions4 ,besides ^!1 ps4-,ju/917#cji7--;,eusebius17#caj7--;,a ?anasius17#caa7--;,ambrose 79 ,greek717#cab7--;,epiphanius17#cac7--;,* ryso/om17#cad7--;,cyril17#cae7--,!odoret 17#caf7--;,ammonius17#cag7--;& ,john ,damasc5e7#cah7--quote !m4 ,:at b ! v]ie/ trifl+ is x1 9 ! face ( su* a body ( evid5ce1 to br+ =w>d ! fact t ,d & #e copies ( ! old ,lat91 ) ,cureton's ,syriac 7( :i* we h _h ! "* already7#cai771 omit ! words 9 "q8 ,! =ego+ enum]ation ( in/ances ( ,mutilation might be enl>g$ to almo/ any ext5t4 ,take only ?ree m %ort b /rik+ specim5s1 be=e we pass on3-- 7a7 ,?us1 ! preci\s v]se 7,s4 ,mat!w xvii4 #ba7 :i* decl>es t 8?is k9d ( evil _s goe? n out b by pray] & fa/+10 is expung$ by our ,revisioni/s2 al?\gh x is v\*$ = by e kn[n uncial b two 7,b 71 e kn[n cursive b "o 7,evan4 #cc72 is witness$ to by ! ,old ,lat9 & ! ,vulgate1--! ,syriac1 ,coptic1 ,arm5ian1 ,georgian1 ?iopic1 & ,slavonic v]sions2 by ,orig517#cbj7--;,a?anasius17#cba7--;,bas il17#cbb7--;,*ryso/om17#cbc7--! ,opus imp]f417#cbd7--! ,syriac ,clem5t17#cbe7--;& ,john ,damasc5e27#cbf7--;by ,t]tullian1--,ambrose1--,hil>y1--,juv5cu s1--,augu/9e1--,maximus ,taur41--& by ! ,syriac v]sion ( ! ,canons ( ,eusebius3 above all by ! ,univ]sal ,ea/1--hav+ be5 read 9 all ! *ur*es ( ,ori5tal ,*ri/5dom on ! #aj? ,sunday aft] ,p5teco/1 f ! e>lie/ p]iod4 ,:y1 9 ! _w1 !n 7our read]s w ask7 h ! ,revisioni/s left ^? words out8444 ,= no o!r reason1 we answ]1 b because ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort place !m among ! int]polations :i* !y consid] unwor?y ( be+ ev5 8exceptionally reta9$ 9 association ) ! true ,text407#cbg7 8,we/]n & ,syrian0 is _! oracul> s5t5ce47#cbh7 7b7 ,! bless$ decl>ation1 8,! ,son ( ,man is come to save t :i* 0 lo/10--has 9 l mann] be5 expung$ by our ,revisioni/s f ,s4 ,mat?4 xviii4 #aa2 al?\gh x is atte/$ by e kn[n uncial except ,b ,l1 & e kn[n cursive except ?ree3 by ! old ,lat9 & ! ,vulgate3 by ! ,pes*ito1 ,cureton's & ! ,philox5ian ,syriac3 by ! ,coptic1 ,arm5ian1 ?iopic1 ,georgian & ,slavonic v]sions37#cbi7--;by ,orig517#ccj7--,!odoras ,h]acl417#cca7--;,*ryso/om7#ccb7--;& ,jovius7#ccc7 ! monk2--by ,t]tullian17#ccd7--;,ambrose17#cce7--;,h il>y17#ccf7--;,j]ome17#ccg7--pope ,damasus7#cch7--;& ,augu/9e37#cci7--;above all1 by ! ,univ]sal ,ea/]n ,*ur*1--= x has be5 read 9 all assemblies ( ! fai?ful on ! morr[ ( ,p5teco/1 f ! beg9n+4 ,:y !n 7! read] w aga9 ask7 h ! ,revisioni/s expung$ ?is v]se8 ,we c only answ] z be=e1--because ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort consign x to ! limbus ( _! ,app5dix2 class x among _! 8,reject$ ,read+s0 ( ! mo/ hopeless type47#cdj7 ,z be=e1 all _! s5t5ce is 8,we/]n & ,syrian40 ,!y add1 8,int]polat$ ei!r f ,lu4 xix4 #aj1 or f an indep5d5t s\rce1 writt5 or oral407#cda7444 ,w ! ,engli% ,*ur* suff] h]self to be 9 ?is way defraud$ ( h] priceless inh]itance1--?r\gh ! irrev]5t bungl+ ( well-int5tion$1 b utt]ly misguid$ m58 7c7 ,9 ! same way1 our ,,"l',s important say+1--8,ye "k n :at mann] ( _s ye are (3 = ! ,son ( man is n come to de/roy m5's lives1 b to save !m0 7,s4 ,luke ix4 #ee1 #ef71 has disappe>$ f our 8,revis$0 ,v]sion2 al?\gh ,manuscripts1 ,v]sions1 ,fa!rs f ! second c5tury d[nw>ds1 7z ,tis*5dorf admits17 witness eloqu5tly 9 its fav\r4 ,v4 ,9 conclusion1 we propose to adv]t1 j = a mom5t1 to ^? five sev]al mis-repres5tations ( ,s4 ,luke's 8,title on ! ,cross10 :i* 7 rehe>s$ above1 viz4 9 page #hf4 ,at s gross an exhibition ( lic5ti\sness1 x is ! m]e in/9ct ( ,natural ,piety to exclaim1--,b !n1 c\ld n ^? m5 ev5 set d[n s sacr$ a record z t1 correctly8 ,!y c\ld1 _h !y be5 s m9d$1 no d\bt1 7we answ]73 b1 m>vell\s to relate1 ! ,,transposition ( words1--no matt] h[ significant1 sacr$1 solemn2--( %ort clauses1--ev5 ( :ole s5t5ces ( ,scripture2--0 anci5tly acc\nt$ an all[able1 ev5 a graceful ex]cise ( ! critical faculty4 ,! ?+ allud$ to is incr$ible at fir/ sight2 be+ s (t5 done1 app>5tly1 )\t any reason :atev]1--or r 9 defiance ( all reason4 ,let c&idus lector be ! judge :e!r we speak truly or n4 ,:]eas ,s4 ,luke 7xxiv4 #da7 says1 8,& :ile !y yet believ$ n = joy1 & wond]$10 ! scribe ( codex ,a 7by way ( improv+ ^u ! ,evangeli/7 transposes 8 s5t5ce into ?is1 8,& :ile !y yet disbeliev$ ,him1 & wond]$ = joy307#cdb7 :i* is almo/ nons5se1 or q4 ,b take a less solemn example4 ,in/ead (1--8,& ,8 disciples pluck$ ! e>s ( corn1 & ate !m1 7 1 17 rubb+ !m 9 _! h&s0 7,s4 ,luke vi4 #a71--;,b ,c ,l ,r1 by transpos+ f\r ,greek words1 pres5t u )1 8,& ,8 disciples pluck$1 & ate ! e>s ( corn1 7 17 rubb+ !m10 c4 ,n[ ?is might h be5 an agreeable occupation = horses & = ano!r quadrup$1 no d\bt2 b h>dly = m54 ,?is curiosity1 :i* 7happily7 prov$ indige/ible to our ,revisioni/s1 is nev]!less swall[$ :ole by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort z g5u9e & :olesome ,gospel4 7,o dura ,doctorum ilia67--,b to proce$4 ,!n fur!r1 ^! prepo/]\s ,transpositions are ( su* p]petual recurr5ce1--are s utt]ly useless or else s exce$+ly mis*iev\s1 always s ta/eless1--t famili>ity ) ! ph5om5on r increases ?an less5s our a/oni%m5t4 ,:at does a/oni% u1 h[ev]1 is to f9d le>n$ m5 9 ! ye> ( grace #ahha1 freely resuscitat+ ^! long-s9ce-=gott5 btises ( long-s9ce-=gott5 ,critics1 & seek+ to palm !m (f ^u a busy & a c>eless age1 z s _m new revelations4 ,t we may n be ?\ght to h %[n undue p>tiality = ! xxi9d1 xxiiird1 & xxiv? *apt]s ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel by select+ our in/ances ( ,mutilation f ^? ?ree *apt]s1 we w n[ look = specim5s ( ,transposition 9 ! xix? & xx? *apt]s ( ! same ,gospel4 ,! read] is invit$ to collate ! ,text ( ! olde/ uncials1 ?r\gh\t ^! two *apt]s1 ) ! commonly ,receiv$ ,text4 ,he w f9d t )9 ! compass ( #hh consecutive v]ses17#cdc7 codices ,a ,b ,c ,d ,q exhibit no less ?an #gd in/ances ( ,transposition3--= #ci ( :i*1 ,d is responsible3-- ,b1 = #ad3-- & ,b ,d1 = #d ea*3--,a ,b & ,a ,b1 = #c ea*3--,a1 = #b3--;,b1 ,c1 ,q1 ,a1 & ,a ,d1 ea* = #a4--;,9 o!r words1 he w f9d t 9 no less ?an #dd ( ^! in/ances ( ,transposition1 ,d is implicat$3--1 9 #bf3--;,b1 9 #be3--;,a1 9 #aj3--:ile ,c & ,q are conc]n$ 9 only "o a-piece4444 ,x %\ld be add$ t ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h adopt$ e "o ( ! #be 9 :i* codex ,b is conc]n$--a significant indication ( ! sup]/iti\s rev]5ce 9 :i* !y hold t demon/rably corrupt & mo/ untru/wor?y docum5t47#cdd7 ,e o!r case ( ,transposition !y h reject$4 ,by _! own confession1 !re=e1 #di out ( ! #gd 7i4e4 two-?irds ( ! entire numb]7 are in/ances ( depravation4 ,we turn ) curiosity to ! ,revis$ ,v]sion2 & discov] t out ( ! #be s reta9$1 ! ,editors 9 "q 7 only able to p]suade ! ,revisioni/s to adopt #h4 ,s t1 9 ! judgm5t ( ! ,revisioni/s1 #ff out ( #gd1 or elev5-twelf?s1 are in/ances ( lic5ti\s tamp]+ ) ! deposit4444 ,o to p>ticipate 9 ! v]ify+ faculty :i* guid$ ! tea*]s to disc]n 9 #be cases ( ,transposition out ( #gd1 ! g5u9e "w ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/6 ,o1 f> m1 to h be5 born ) t l(ti] in/9ct :i* enabl$ ! pupils 7,doctors ,rob]ts & ,milligan1 ,new? & ,m\lton1 ,vance ,smi? & ,br[n1 ,angus & ,eadie7 to w9n[ out f ! entire lot exactly #h1 & to reject ! rema9+ #ff z no?+ wor?6 ,accord+ to our own be/ judgm5t1 7& we h c>efully exam9$ !m all17 e "o ( ! #gd is wor?less4 ,b !n we make x our fundam5tal rule to reason always f gr\nds ( ext]nal ,evid5ce1--nev] f po/ulates ( ! ,imag9ation4 ,moreov]1 9 ! application ( our rule1 we begrudge no am\nt ( lab\r3 reckon+ a long summ]'s day well sp5t if x has enabl$ u to asc]ta9 ! tru? conc]n+ "o s+le controv]t$ ^w ( ,scripture4 ,?us1 :5 we f9d t our ,revisioni/s1 at ! sugge/ion ( ,dr4 ,hort1 h transpos$ ! famili> ,angelic utt]ance 79 ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #g71 1--into ?is1 1 c41 we at once enquire = ! evid5ce4 ,& :5 we f9d t no s+le ,fa!r1 no s+le ,v]sion1 & no ,codex--except ! notori\s ,b ,c ,l--advocates ! propos$ transposition2 b on ! contr>y t e ,fa!r 7f ,a4,d4 #aej d[nw>ds7 :o quotes ! place1 quotes x z x /&s 9 ! ,textus receptus27#cde7--we h no hesitation :atev] 9 reject+ x4 ,x is f\nd 9 ! mid/ ( a v ?icket ( fabricat$ read+s4 ,x has no?+ :atev] to recomm5d x4 ,x is condemn$ by ! cons5ti5t voice ( ,antiquity4 ,x is advocat$ only by f\r copies1--:i* nev] comb9e exclusively1 except to misrepres5t ! tru? ( ,scripture & to s$uce ! simple4 ,b ! =ego+1 :i* is a fair typical sample ( c\ntless o!r in/ances ( unau?oriz$ ,transposition1 may n be dismiss$ )\t a few words ( s]i\s remon/rance4 ,our cont5tion is t1 inasmu* z ! effect ( su* transposition is incapable ( be+ idiomatically repres5t$ 9 ! ,engli% language1--7=1 9 all su* cases1 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion reta9s ! r5d]+ ( ! ,au?oriz$17--our ,revisioni/s h violat$ ! _s z well z ! lett] ( _! in/ructions1 9 putt+ =? a new ,greek ,text1 & sil5tly introduc+ into x a c\ntless numb] ( ^! & simil> depravations ( ,scripture4 ,^! ,textual curiosities 7= !y are no?+ m7 are absolutely out ( place 9 a ,revision ( ! ,engli% ,v]sion3 a*ieve no lawful purpose3 are sure to mislead ! unw>y4 ,?is fir/4--,secondly1 we submit t1--/rong z1 no d\bt1 ! temptation mu/ h be51 to secure ! sanction ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,revisioni/s = _! own private ,rec5sion ( ! ,greek1 7pr9t$ long s9ce1 b publi%$ simultane\sly ) ! 8,revis$ ,v]sion07--x is to be regrett$ t ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort %\ld h yield$ !reto4 ,man's impati5ce nev] promotes ,,god',s ,tru?4 ,! int]e/s ( ,textual ,criticism w\ld r h sugge/$1 t ! ,rec5sion ( t accompli%$ pair ( ,pr(essors %\ld h be5 submitt$ to public inspection 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,! a/oni%+ ,text :i* x advocates might h be5 left ) comp>ative safety to take its *ance 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 aft] x _h und]gone ! se>*+ ordeal ( compet5t ,criticism1 & be5 freely v5tilat$ at home & abroad = a decade ( ye>s4 ,b on ! contr>y4 ,x 0 kept close4 ,x might be se5 only by ! ,revis]s3 & ev5 !y 7 ti$ d[n to secrecy z to ! lett]-press by :i* x 0 accompani$4444 ,all ?is /rikes u z pa9ful 9 a high degree4 ,,vi4 ,hi!rto we h ref]r$ almo/ exclusively to ! ,gospels4 ,9 conclusion1 we invite att5tion to our ,revisioni/s' treatm5t ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af--! crux criticorum1 z ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] /yles x47#cdf7 ,we _c act m fairly ?an by invit+ a le>n$ memb] ( ! revis+ body to speak on behalf ( 8 bre?r54 ,we %all 9 ?is way asc]ta9 ! am\nt ( acqua9tance ) ! subject enjoy$ by "s ( ^? :o h be5 s oblig+ z to furni% ! ,*ur* ) a new ,rec5sion ( ! ,greek ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,dr4 ,rob]ts says3-- 8,! ,engli% read] w probably be />tl$ to f9d t ! famili> text1--#8,& )\t controv]sy great is ! my/]y ( godl9ess3 ,,god 0 manife/ 9 ! fle%1' has be5 ex*ang$ 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion = ! foll[+1--#8,& )\t controv]sy great is ! my/]y ( godl9ess2 ,he :o 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%4' ,a note on ! m>g9 /ates t #8! ^w ,,god1 9 place ( ,he :o1 re/s on no suffici5t anci5t evid5ce2' & x may be well t1 9 a passage ( s great importance1 ! read] %\ld be conv9c$ t su* is ! case4 8,:at1 !n1 let u enquire1 is ! am\nt ( evid5ce :i* c be produc$ 9 support ( ! read+ #8,,god'8 ,?is is soon /at$4 ,n "o ( ! e>ly ,fa!rs c be c]ta9ly quot$ = x4 ,none ( ! v anci5t v]sions support x4 ,no uncial witnesses to x1 ) ! d\btful exception ( ,a4444 ,b ev5 grant+ t ! weighty suffrage ( ! ,alex&rian manuscript is 9 fav\r ( #8,,god1' f> m evid5ce c be produc$ 9 support ( #8:o4' & probably ,c witness to ?is read+1 & x has also p[]ful te/imony f ! v]sions & ,fa!rs4 ,moreov]1 ! relative #8:o' is a f> m difficult read+ ?an #8,,god1' & c\ld h>dly h be5 sub/itut$ = ! latt]4 ,on e gr\nd1 !re=e1 we conclude t ?is int]e/+ & important passage mu/ /& z x has be5 giv5 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion407#cdg7 ,& n[1 hav+ he>d ! le>n$ ,presbyt]ian on behalf ( 8 bro!r-,revisioni/s1 we reque/ t we may be ourselves li/5$ to 9 reply4 ,! place ( ,scripture be=e u1 ! ,read] is assur$1 pres5ts a memorable in/ance ( ! mis*ief :i* occasionally result$ to ! inspir$ ,text f ! anci5t practice ( execut+ copies ( ! ,scriptures 9 uncial *>act]s4 ,s4 ,paul c]ta9ly wrote 2 1 78,great is ! my/]y ( godl9ess3 ,,god 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%07 ,b x requires to be expla9$ at ! outset1 t ! holy ,"n :5 abbreviat$ 7:i* x always 071 ?us1-- 78,,god071 is only di/+ui%able f ! relative pron\n 8:o0 771 by two horizontal /rokes1--:i*1 9 manuscripts ( e>ly date1 x 0 (t5 ! practice to trace s fa9tly t at pres5t !y c sc>cely be disc]n$47#cdh7 ,ne$ we g on8 ,an ar*etypal copy 9 :i* "o or bo? ( ^! slight /rokes _h vani%$ f ! ^w 78,,god071 gave rise to ! read+ 78:o071--( :i* nons5sical sub/itute1 traces survive 9 only two7#cdi7 manuscripts1-- & #ag3 n1 = c]ta91 9 "o s+le anci5t ,fa!r1--no1 nor = c]ta9 9 "o s+le anci5t ,v]sion4 ,s transp>5t1 9 fact1 is ! absurdity ( writ+ 78! my/]y :o071 t copyi/s promptly sub/itut$ 78:i*073 ?us furni%+ ano!r illu/ration ( ! well-kn[n prop]ty ( a fabricat$ read+1 viz4 soon] or lat] inevitably to become ! p>5t ( a second4 ,happily1 to ?is second mi/ake ! sole surviv+ witness is ! ,codex ,cl>omontanus1 ( ! ,v,ith c5tury 7,d73 ! only ,patri/ic evid5ce 9 its fav\r be+ ,gelasius ( ,cyzicus17#cej7 7^: date is ,a4,d4 #dgf73 & ! unkn[n au?or ( a homily 9 ! app5dix to ,*ryso/om47#cea7 ,! ,v]sions--all b ! ,georgian & ! ,slavonic1 :i* agree ) ! ,receiv$ ,text--fav\r x unque/ionably2 = !y are obs]v$ inv>iably to make ! relative pron\n agree 9 g5d] ) ! ^w :i* repres5ts 78my/]y07 :i* imm$iately prec$es x4 ,?us1 9 ! ,syriac ,v]sions1 78:o07 is f\nd1--b only because ! ,syriac equival5t = is ( ! mascul9e g5d]3 9 ! ,lat91 quod 78:i*07--b only because my/]ium 9 ,lat9 7l 9 ,greek7 is neut]4 ,ov] ?is latt] read+1 h[ev]1 we ne$ n l+]2 see+ t does n f9d a s+le patron at ! pres5t day4 ,& yet1 ?is 0 ! read+ :i* 0 eag]ly upheld dur+ ! la/ c5tury3 ,wet/e9 & ,sir ,isaac ,newton be+ its mo/ /r5u\s advocates4 ,x is "t to pass "u ha/y review ! direct evid5ce = ! true read+4 ,a & ,c exhibit$ until ink1 ?umb+1 & ! injuri\s use ( *emicals1 oblit]at$ :at once 0 pat5t4 ,x is too late1 by full #aej ye>s1 to cont5d on ! negative side ( ?is "q4--,f & ,g1 :i* exhibit & respectively1 7 confess$ly d]iv$ f a common ar*etype3 9 :i* ar*etype1 x is evid5t t ! horizontal /roke :i* di/+ui%es f mu/ h be5 s fa9tly trac$ z to be sc>cely disc]nible4 ,! supposition t1 9 ?is place1 ! /roke 9 "q repres5ts ! aspirate1 is sc>cely admissible4 ,!re is no s+le example ( writt5 9 any "p ( ei!r ,cod4 ,f or ,cod4 ,g4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ! only place :]e repres5ts 1 x is writt5 9 bo?4 ,prejudice h]self may be safely call$ ^u to accept ! obvi\s & only lawful inf]5ce4 ,to come to ! po9t1-- is ! read+ ( all ! uncial copies extant b two 7viz4 :i* exhibits 1 & ,d :i* exhibits 71 & ( all ! cursives b "o 7viz4 #ag74 ,! univ]sal cons5t ( ! ,lection>ies proves t has be5 read 9 all ! assemblies ( ! fai?ful f ! ,i,vth or ,v? c5tury ( our era4 ,at :at e>li] p]iod ( h] exi/5ce is x suppos$ !n t ! ,*ur* 78! witness & keep] ( ,holy ,writ107 avail$ h]self ( h] privilege to sub/itute = or 1--:e!r 9 error or 9 fraud8 ,no?+ %ort ( a conspiracy1 to :i* e region ( ! ,ea/]n ,*ur* mu/ h be5 a p>ty1 w\ld acc\nt = ! ph5om5on4 ,we enquire next = ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!rs2 & we discov] t--7#a7 ,gregory ( ,nyssa quotes tw5ty-two times37#ceb7--t is also recogniz$ by 7#b7 8 namesake ( ,nazianzus 9 two places27#cec7--;z well z by 7#c7 ,didymus ( ,alex&ria27#ced7--7d7 by ps4-,dionysius ,alex427#cee7--;& 7#e7 by ,diodorus ( ,t>sus47#cef7--7f7 ,*ryso/om quotes #a ,tim4 iii4 #af 9 con=mity ) ! receiv$ text at lea/ ?ree times27#ceg7--;& 7#g7 ,cyril ,al4 z (t537#ceh7--7h7 ,!odoret1 f\r times37#cei7--7i7 an unkn[n au?or ( ! age ( ,ne/orius 7,a4,d4 #dcj71 once37#cfj7--7aj7 ,sev]us1 ,bp4 ( ,antio* 7,a4,d4 #eab71 once47#cfa7--7aa7 ,mac$onius 7,a4,d4 #ejf7 patri>* ( ,,cp417#cfb7 ( :om x has be5 absurdly relat$ t he inv5t$ ! read+1 is a witness = p]=ce2 s is--7#ab7 ,eu?alius1 &--7#ac7 ,john ,damasc5e on two occasions47#cfc7--7ad7 ,an unkn[n writ] :o has be5 mi/ak5 = ,a?anasius17#cfd7--7ae7 besides n a few anci5t s*olia/s1 close ! li/3 = we pass by ! te/imony (--7#af7 ,epiphanius at ! #g? ,nic5e ,c\ncil 7,a4,d4 #ghg71--( 7#ag7 cum5ius1--( 7#ah7 ,!ophylact4 ,x w be obs]v$ t nei!r has any?+ be5 said ab\t ! _m indirect allusions ( e>li] ,fa!rs to ?is place ( ,scripture2 & yet "s ( ^! are too /rik+ to be ov]look$3 z :5--7#ai7 ,basil1 writ+ ( our ,,savi\r1 says 37#cfe7--;& 7#bj7 ,gregory ,?aum41 37#cff7--;& be=e him1 7#ba7 ,hippolytus1 1 37#cfg7--;& 7#bb7 ,!odotus ! ,gno/ic1 37#cfh7--;& 7#bc7 ,b>nabas1 444 37#cfi7--;& e>li] /ill 7#bd7 ,ignatius3 3-- 3-- 47#cgj7--;,are we to suppose t none ( ^! primitive writ]s read ! place z we d8 ,aga9/ ?is array ( ,te/imony1 ! only evid5ce :i* ! unwe>i$ indu/ry ( #aej ye>s has succe$$ 9 elicit+1 is z foll[s3--7#a7 ,! explod$ ,lat9 fable t ,mac$onius 7,a4,d4 #ejf7 inv5t$ ! read+37#cga7--7b7 ! fact t ,epiphanius1--pr(ess+ to transcribe7#cgb7 f an e>li] treatise ( 8 own7#cgc7 79 :i* /&s )\t a nom9ative71 prefixes 3--7#c7 ! /atem5t ( an unkn[n s*olia/1 t 9 "o p>ticul> place ( ,cyril's writ+s :]e ! ,greek is lo/1 ,cyril wrote 1--7:i* seems to be an entire mi/ake2 b :i*1 ev5 if x 7 a fact1 w\ld be suffici5tly expla9$ by ! discov]y t 9 two o!r places ( ,cyril's writ+s ! evid5ce fluctuates betwe5 & 73--7#d7 a quotation 9 an epi/le ( ,eu!rius ( ,tyana 7x exi/s only 9 ,lat97 :]e 8qui0 is f\nd3--7#e7 a casual ref]5ce 79 ,j]ome's comm5t>y on ,isaiah7 to our ,,"l1 z ,"o 8qui app>uit 9 c>ne1 ju/ificatus e/ 9 spiritu10--:i* ,bp4 ,pe>son might h writt54--,la/ly1 7#f7 a passage ( ,!odorus ,mopsue/4 7quot$ at ! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople1 ,a4,d4 #eec71 :]e ! read+ is 8qui10--:i* is balanc$ by ! discov]y t 9 ano!r place ( 8 writ+s quot$ at ! same ,c\ncil1 ! orig9al is translat$ 8quod40 ,& ?is closes ! evid5ce4 ,w any unprejudic$ p]son1 on review+ ! premisses1 s]i\sly decl>e t is ! bett] su/a9$ read+ ( ! two8 ,= ourselves1 we v5ture to deem x incr$ible t a ,read+ :i*--7a7 ,is n to be f\nd 9 m ?an two copies 7 & #ag7 ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les3 :i*--7b7 ,is n c]ta9ly support$ by a s+le ,v]sion3--7c7 ,nor is cle>ly advocat$ by a s+le ,fa!r1--c be g5u9e4 ,x does n at all ev5ts admit ( "q1 t until f> /rong] evid5ce c be produc$ 9 its fav\r1 78:o07 may on no acc\nt be p]mitt$ to usurp ! place ( ! commonly receiv$ 78,,god07 ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,b ! pres5t exhibits 9 a /rik+ & in/ructive way all ! *>act]i/ic tok5s ( a depravation ( ! text4 7#a/7 ,at an exce$+ly e>ly p]iod x result$ 9 ano!r deflection4 7#bnd7 ,x is )\t ! note ( ,cont9uity2 hav+ di$ out ( ! ,*ur*'s memory well-nigh #adjj ye>s ago4 7#crd7 ,x is defici5t 9 ,univ]sality2 hav+ be5 all along d5i$ ! ,*ur*'s corporate sanction4 ,z a necess>y consequ5ce1 7#d?7 ,x re/s at ?is day on :olly insuffici5t ,evid5ce3 ,manuscripts1 ,v]sions1 ,fa!rs be+ all aga9/ x4 7#e?7 ,x c>ries on its front its own refutation4 ,=1 z all mu/ see1 might easily be mi/ak5 = 3 b 9 ord] to make into 1 two horizontal l9es mu/ ( set purpose be add$ to ! copy4 ,x is !re=e a va/ deal m likely t became 1 ?an t became 4 7#f?7 ,la/ly1 x is condemn$ by int]nal consid]ations4 is 9 tru? s grossly improbable--r1 s impossible--a read+1 t "u any circum/ances we mu/ h anxi\sly enquir$ :e!r no escape f x 0 discov]able3 :e!r !re exi/s no way ( expla9+ h[ s pat5t an absurdity z may h aris58 ,& on be+ rem9d$ t ! disappe>ance ( two fa9t horizontal /rokes1 or ev5 ( "o1 w\ld fully acc\nt = ! impossible read+1--7& ?us mu*1 at lea/1 all admit17--%\ld we n h felt t x requir$ an ov]:elm+ cons5sus ( au?orities 9 fav\r ( 1 to r5d] su* an alt]native des]v+ ( s]i\s att5tion8 ,x is a m]e abuse ( ,b5gel's fam\s axiom to recal x on occasions l ! pres5t4 ,we %all be l&$ 9 a ba?os inde$ if we all[ gross improbability to become a con/ra9+ motive ) u 9 revis+ ! sacr$ ,text4 ,& ?us mu* = ! true read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,we invite ! read] to ref] back7#cgd7 to a ,revis]'s e/imate ( ! evid5ce 9 fav\r ( & respectively1 & to contra/ x ) our own4 ,if he is impress$ ) ! /r5g? ( ! cause ( our oppon5ts1--_! ma/]y ( ! subject1--& ! reasonabl5ess ( _! cont5tion1--we %all be surpris$4 ,& yet t is n ! "q j n[ be=e u4 ,! only "q 7be x cle>ly rememb]$7 :i* has to be consid]$1 is ?is3--,c x be said ) tru? t ! 8evid5ce0 = 7z aga9/ 7 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is 8cle>ly prepond]at+08 ,c x be ma9ta9$ t is a 8pla9 & cle> error08 ,unless ?is c be affirm$--cadit qu/io4 ,! traditional read+ ( ! place ought to h be5 let alone4 ,may we be p]mitt$ to say )\t (f5ce t1 9 our humble judgm5t1 if ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 at ! ,revis]s' bidd+1 7 to adopt ?is & ?\s&s ( o!r depravations ( ! sacr$ page17#cge7--) :i* ! ,*ur* ,univ]sal 0 once well acqua9t$1 b :i* 9 h] corporate "* %e has long s9ce unconditionally condemn$ & ab&on$1--%e w\ld des]ve to be po9t$ at ) scorn by ! re/ ( ,*ri/5dom8 ,yes1 & to h t op5ly said ( h] :i* ,s4 ,pet] op5ly said ( ! false tea*]s ( 8 day :o fell back into ! v errors :i* !y _h already abjur$4 ,! place w be f\nd 9 #b ,s4 ,pet] ii4 #bb4 ,s s+ul>ly applicable is x to ! matt] 9 h&1 t we c b invite att5tion to ! quotation on our title-page & p4 #a4 ,& "h we make an end4 #a4 ,^? :o may h tak5 up ! pres5t ,article 9 expectation ( be+ ent]ta9$ ) ano!r ( ^? discussions 7( :i* we suspect ! public mu/ be already gett+ some:at we>y71 conc]n+ ! degree ( ability :i* ! ,new ,te/am5t ,revisioni/s h display$ 9 _! r5d]+ into ,engli% ( ! ,greek1 w at fir/ exp]i5ce disappo9tm5t4 ,read]s ( intellig5ce1 h[ev]1 :o h be5 at ! pa9s to foll[ u ?r\gh ! =ego+ pages1 w be con/ra9$ to admit t we h done m fai?ful s]vice to ! cause ( ,sacr$ ,tru? by ! c\rse we h be5 pursu+1 ?an if we _h m]ely multipli$ in/ances ( incorrect & unsatisfactory ,translation4 ,!re is 7& ?is we endeav\r$ to expla9 at ! outset7 a "q ( prior int]e/ & f> grav] importance :i* has to be settl$ fir/1 viz4 ! degree ( confid5ce :i* is due to ! und]ly+ ,,new ,,greek ,,text :i* our ,revisioni/s h con/ruct$4 ,9 o!r words1 be=e discuss+ _! new ,r5d]+s1 we h to exam9e _! new ,read+s47#cgf7 ,! sil5ce :i* ,s*ol>s h hi!rto ma9ta9$ on ?is "p ( ! subject is to ourselves sc>cely intelligible4 ,b x makes u ! m anxi\s to invite att5tion to ?is neglect$ aspect ( ! problem2 ! r1 because we h ?or\ghly conv9c$ ourselves t ! 8new ,greek ,text0 put =? by ! ,revisioni/s ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion is utt]ly inadmissible4 ,! traditional ,text has be5 dep>t$ f by !m ne>ly #fjjj times1--almo/ inv>iably = ! worse4 #b4 ,fully to dispose ( all ^! multitud9\s corruptions w\ld require a bulky ,treatise4 ,b ! read] is reque/$ to obs]ve t1 if we are "r 9 ! few in/ances we h cull$ out f ! mass1--!n we are "r 9 all4 ,if we h succe$$ 9 prov+ t ! little h&ful ( au?orities on :i* ! 8new ,greek ,text0 dep5ds1 are ! rev]se ( tru/wor?y1--are absolutely mislead+1--!n1 we h cut away f "u ! ,revisioni/s ! v gr\nd on :i* !y h hi!rto be5 /&+4 ,& 9 t case1 ! /ructure :i* !y h built up ?r\gh\t a decade ( ye>s1 ) su* evid5t self-complac5cy1 collapses 8l ! baseless fabric ( a vision40 #c4 ,= no "o may flatt] himself t1 by und]go+ a fur!r process ( 8,revision10 ! 8,revis$ ,v]sion0 may aft] all be r5d]$ tru/wor?y4 ,! eloqu5t & excell5t ,bi%op ( ,d]ry is 8conv9c$ t1 ) all its und5iable m]its1 x w h to be some:at ext5sively revis$40 ,& s p]haps are we4 ,b 7:at is a f> m important circum/ance7 we are fur!r conv9c$ t a prior act ( p5ance to be submitt$ to by ! ,revis]s w\ld be ! re/oration ( ! und]ly+ ,greek ,text to v ne>ly--n q--! /ate 9 :i* !y f\nd x :5 !y ent]$ ^u _! ill-advis$ und]tak+4 8,v ne>ly--n q30 =1 9 n a few p>ticul>s1 ! 8,textus receptus0 does call = ,revision1 c]ta9ly2 al?\gh ,revision on entirely diff]5t pr9ciples f ^? :i* are f\nd to h prevail$ 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,to m5tion a s+le in/ance3--,:5 our ,,"l fir/ s5t =? ,8 ,twelve ,apo/les1 x 0 c]ta9ly no "p ( ,8 m9i/]ial commission to !m to 8raise ! dead0 7 1 ,s4 ,mat!w x4 #h74 ,?is is easily demon/rable4 ,yet is ! spuri\s clause reta9$ by our ,revisioni/s2 because x is f\nd 9 ^? corrupt witnesses-- ,b ,c ,d1 & ! ,lat9 copies47#cgg7 ,:5 w m5 le>n unconditionally to put away f !mselves ! weak sup]/ition :i* is = inve/+ ) oracul> au?ority ! =ego+ quat]nion ( demon/rably deprav$ ,codices8 #d4 8,x may be said0--7to quote aga9 f ,bp4 ,alex&]'s rec5t ,*>ge71--8t !re is a want ( mode/y 9 diss5t+ f ! conclusions ( a two-?irds majority ( a body s le>n$4 ,b ! r\gh process ( c\nt+ heads imposes unduly on ! imag9ation4 ,"o c\ld easily "n eight 9 t assembly1 ^: unanimity w\ld be practically almo/ decisive2 b we h no means ( kn[+ t ^! did n =m ! m9ority 9 resi/+ ! *anges :i* we mo/ regret40 ,! ,bi%op is speak+ ( ! ,engli% ,revision4 ,hav+ reg>d to ! ,greek ,text exclusively1 we also 7/range to relate7 _h s+l$ out exactly eight f ! memb]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t company--,div9es ( und\bt$ or?odoxy1 :o = _! spl5did s*ol>%ip & pr(ici5cy 9 ! be/ le>n+1 or else = _! ref9$ ta/e & admirable judgm5t1 might 7z we humbly ?9k71 "u c]ta9 safegu>ds1 h be5 safely entru/$ ev5 ) ! responsibility ( revis+ ! ,sacr$ ,text4 ,"u ! guidance ( ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] 7:o among liv+ ,engli%m5 is facile pr9ceps 9 ^! pursuits7 x is sc>cely to be anticipat$ t1 ,,:5 ,,unanim\s1 su* ,div9es w\ld ev] h mat]ially err$4 ,b !n1 ( c\rse1 a previ\s life-long famili>ity ) ! ,sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism1 or at lea/ leisure = prosecut+ x n[1 = t5 or tw5ty ye>s1 ) absolutely undivid$ att5tion1--w\ld be ! indisp5sable requisite = ! success ( su* an und]tak+2 & ?is1 und5iably1 is a qualification r to be desid]at$ ?an look$ = at ! h&s ( ,engli% ,div9es ( note at ! pres5t day4 ,on ! o!r h&1 7loyalty to our ,ma/] con/ra9s u to make ! av[al17 ! motley assortm5t ( names1 tw5ty-eight 9 all1 specifi$ by ,dr4 ,new?1 at p4 #abe ( 8 int]e/+ little volume1 jo9$ to ! fact t ! av]age att5dance 0 n s _m z sixte51--conc]n+ :om1 moreov]1 ! fact has transpir$ t "s ( ! mo/ judici\s ( _! numb] (t5 decl9$ to give any vote at all1--is by no means calculat$ to inspire any sort ( confid5ce4 ,b1 9 tru?1 consid]able famili>ity ) ^! pursuits may easily co-exi/ ) a natural inaptitude = _! successful cultivation1 :i* %all prove simply fatal4 ,9 support ( ?is rem>k1 "o has b to ref] to ! in/ance suppli$ by ,dr4 ,hort4 ,! ,sacr$ ,text has none to fe> s mu* z ^? :o feel r ?an ?9k3 :o imag9e r ?an reason3 :o rely on a suppos$ v]ify+ faculty ( _! own1 ( :i* !y are able to r5d] no intelligible acc\nt2 & :o1 7to use ,bi%op ,ellicott's phrase17 h ! mis=tune to conceive !mselves possess$ ( a 8p[] ( div9+ ! ,orig9al ,text10--:i* w\ld be ev5 div]t+1 if ! practical result ( _! self-deception 7 n s exce$+ly s]i\s4 #e4 ,9 a future numb]1 we may p]haps enquire into ! measure ( success :i* has att5d$ ! ,revis]s' ,revision ( ! ,engli% ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( #afaa4 ,we h occupi$ ourselves at ?is "t exclusively ) a survey ( ! s]i\sly mutilat$ & o!rwise grossly deprav$ ,,new ,,greek ,,text1 on :i* _! edifice has be5 re>$4 ,& ! circum/ance :i*1 9 conclusion1 we desire to impress ^u our ,read]s1 is ?is1--t ! insecurity ( t f\ndation is s al>m+1 t1 except z a concession due to ! solemnity ( ! und]tak+ j n[ "u review1 fur!r ,criticism might v well be disp5s$ )1 z a ?+ sup]flu\s4 ,ev5 c\ld x be prov$ conc]n+ ! sup]/ructure1 t 8x _h be5 ev] s well build$107#cgh7 7to adopt ano!r ( our ,revisioni/s' unhappy p]v]sions ( ,scripture17 ! fatal objection w\ld rema91 viz4 t x is n 8f\nd$ ^u ! rock407#cgi7 ,x has be5 ! ru9 ( ! pres5t und]tak+--z f> z ! ,sacr$ ,text is conc]n$--t ! majority ( ! ,revisioni/ body h be5 misl$ ?r\gh\t by ! oracul> decrees & impetu\s advocacy ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort2 :o1 ) ! pure/ int5tions & mo/ laudable indu/ry1 h con/ruct$ a ,text demon/rably m remote f ! ,evangelic v]ity1 ?an any :i* has ev] yet se5 ! light4 8,! old is good107#chj7 say ! ,revisioni/s3 b we v5ture solemnly to assure !m t 8! old is bett]207#cha7 & t ?is rem>k holds e bit z true ( _! ,revision ( ! ,greek ?r\gh\t1 z ( _! infelicit\s exhibition ( ,s4 ,luke v4 #ci4 ,to attempt1 z !y h done1 to build ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t on a tissue ( unprov$ ass]tions & ! ecc5tricities ( a s+le codex ( bad "*1 is ab\t z hopeful a proce$+ z w\ld be ! attempt to erect an ,eddy/one ligh?\se on ! ,goodw9 ,s&s4 ,,article ,,ii4 ,,! ,,new ,,engli% ,,v]sion4 8,su* is ! "t-hon\r$ ,v]sion :i* we h be5 call$ ^u to revise6 ,we h _h to /udy ?is great ,v]sion c>efully & m9utely1 l9e by l9e2 & ! long] we h be5 engag$ ^u x ! m we h le>n$ to admire its simplicity1 its dignity1 its p[]1 its happy turns ( expression1 its g5]al accuracy1 & we mu/ n fail to add1 ! music ( its cad5ces1 & ! felicities ( its rhy?m4 ,to r5d] a "w t _h rea*$ ?is high /&>d ( excell5ce1 /ill m excell5t2 to increase its fidelity1 )\t de/roy+ its *>m2 0 ! task committ$ to u40--,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,revis$ ,,v]sion4 8,to pass f ! "o to ! o!r1 is1 z x 71 to alight f a well-built & well-hung c>riage :i* glides easily ov] a macadamiz$ road1--& to get into "o :i* has bad spr+s or none at all1 & 9 :i* y are jolt$ 9 ruts ) a*+ bones ov] ! /ones ( a newly-m5d$ & r>ely trav]s$ road1 l "s ( ! roads 9 our ,nor? ,l9coln%ire villages40--,,bi%op ,,wordswor?47#chb7 8,no ,revision at ! pres5t day c\ld hope to meet ) an h\r's acceptance if x fail$ to pres]ve ! tone1 rhy?m1 & diction ( ! pres5t ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion40--,,bi%op ,,ellicott47#chc7 8,i te/ify unto e man t he>e? ! words ( ! prophecy ( ?is ,book1--,if any man %all add unto ^! ?+s1 ,,god %all add unto him ! plagues t are writt5 9 ?is ,book4 8,& if any man %all take away f ! words ( ! ,book ( ?is prophecy1 ,,god %all take away 8 "p out ( ! ,book ( ,life1 & out ( ! holy ,city1 & f ! ?+s :i* are writt5 9 ?is ,book40--,,revelation xxii4 #ah1 #ai4 ,:atev] may be urg$ 9 fav\r ( ,biblical ,revision1 x is at lea/ und5iable t ! und]tak+ involves a trem5d\s risk4 ,our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion is ! "o religi\s l9k :i* at pres5t b9ds toge!r n9ety millions ( ,engli%-speak+ m5 scatt]$ ov] ! e>?'s surface4 ,is x reasonable t s unutt]ably preci\s1 s sacr$ a bond %\ld be endang]$1 = ! sake ( repres5t+ c]ta9 words m accurately1--"h & !re translat+ a t5se ) great] precision1--gett+ rid ( a few ar*aisms8 ,x may be confid5tly assum$ t no 8,revision0 ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 h[ev] judici\sly execut$1 w ev] occupy ! place 9 public e/eem :i* is actually enjoy$ by ! "w ( ! ,translators ( #afaa1--! noble/ lit]>y "w 9 ! ,anglo-,saxon language4 ,we %all 9 fact nev] h ano!r 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion40 ,& ?is s+le consid]ation may be ?\ght absolutely fatal to ! project1 except 9 a greatly modifi$ =m4 ,to be brief1--,z a companion 9 ! /udy & = private edification3 z a book ( ref]5ce = critical purposes1 especially 9 respect ( difficult & controv]t$ passages3--we hold t a revis$ edition ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( our ,engli% ,bible1 7if execut$ ) consummate ability & le>n+17 w\ld at any "t be a "w ( ine/imable value4 ,! me?od ( su* a p]=mance1 :e!r by m>g9al ,notes or 9 "s o!r way1 we =be> to det]m9e4 ,b c]ta9ly only z a h&maid is x to be desir$4 ,z some?+ int5d$ to sup]s$e our pres5t ,engli% ,bible1 we are ?or\ghly conv9c$ t ! project ( a rival ,translation is n to be ent]ta9$ = a mom5t4 ,= ourselves1 we deprecate x entirely4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :o c\ld h possibly =ese5 :at has actually come to pass s9ce ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce 79 ,feb4 #ahgj7 decl>$ itself fav\rable to 8a ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10 & appo9t$ a ,committee ( ,div9es to und]take ! "w8 ,:o 0 to suppose t ! ,in/ructions giv5 to ! ,revisioni/s w\ld be by !m sy/ematically disreg>d$8 ,:o 0 to imag9e t an utt]ly untru/wor?y 8new ,greek ,text10 con/ruct$ on mi/ak5 pr9ciples1--7say r1 on no pr9ciples at all17--w\ld be ! fatal result8 ,to speak m truly1--,:o c\ld h anticipat$ t ! opportunity w\ld h be5 adroitly seiz$ to inflict ^u ! ,*ur* ! text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 9 all its ess5tial features1--a text :i*1 z w be f\nd else:]e l>gely expla9$1 we hold to be ! mo/ vici\s ,rec5sion ( ! orig9al ,greek 9 exi/5ce8 ,above all1--,:o 0 to =esee t in/ead ( remov+ 8pla9 & cle> errors0 f our ,v]sion1 ! ,revisioni/s1--7besides sy/ematically remov+ out ( sight s _m ( ! g5u9e utt]ances ( ! ,,_s17--w\ld !mselves introduce a c\ntless numb] ( blemi%es1 unkn[n to x be=e8 ,la/ly1 h[ 0 x to h be5 believ$ t ! ,revisioni/s w\ld %[ !mselves indu/ri\s 9 s[+ broadca/ ov] f\r cont95ts d\bts z to ! ,tru? ( ,scripture1 :i* x w nev] be 9 _! p[] ei!r to remove or to recal8 ,nescit vox missa rev]ti4 ,=1 ! ill-advis$ practice ( record+1 9 ! m>g9 ( an ,engli% ,bible1 c]ta9 ( ! blund]s--7su* ?+s _c by any /ret* ( c\rtesy be /yl$ 8,v>i\s ,read+s07--:i* disfigure 8"s0 or 8_m0 8anci5t au?orities10 c only result 9 hopelessly unsettl+ ! fai? ( millions4 ,x _c be def5d$ on ! plea ( c&\r1--! c&\r :i* is det]m9$ t m5 %all 8"k ! wor/40 8,! wor/0 has ,,n be5 told3 & x 7 di%one/y to ins9uate t x has4 ,if all ! cases 7 fai?fully exhibit$ :]e 8a few10 8"s10 or 8_m anci5t au?orities0 read diff]5tly f :at is exhibit$ 9 ! actual ,text1 n only w\ld ! m>g9 prove insuffici5t to conta9 ! record1 b ! v page itself w\ld n ne>ly suffice4 ,take a s+le in/ance 7! fir/ :i* comes to m9d71 ( ! ?+ ref]r$ to4 ,su* illu/rations might be multipli$ to any ext5t3-- ,9 ,s4 ,luke iii4 #bb1 79 place ( 8,?\ art my belov$ ,son2 9 ,!e ,i am well pleas$107 ! foll[+ au?orities ( ! ,i,ind1 ,i,i,ird & ,i,vth c5turies1 read1--8?is day h ,i begott5 ,!e30 viz4--codex ,d & ! mo/ anci5t copies ( ! old ,lat9 7a1 b1 c1 ff-#b1 #a71--;,ju/9 ,m>tyr 9 ?ree places7#chd7 7,a4,d4 #adj71--;,clem5s ,alex47#che7 7,a4,d4 #aij71--;& ,me?odius7#chf7 7,a4,d4 #bij7 among ! ,greeks4 ,lactantius7#chg7 7,a4,d4 #cjj71--;,hil>y7#chh7 7,a4,d4 #cej71--;,juv5cus7#chi7 7,a4,d4 #ccj71--;,fau/us7#cij7 7,a4,d4 #djj71 &--,augu/9e7#cia7 among/ ! ,lat9s4 ,! read+ 9 "q 0 d\btless d]iv$ f ! ,ebionite ,gospel7#cib7 7,i,ind c5t474 ,n[1 we desire to h x expla9$ to u :y an exhibition ( ! ,text support$ by su* an am\nt ( fir/-rate primitive te/imony z ! prec$+1 obta9s no notice :atev] 9 our ,revisioni/s' m>g91--if inde$ x 0 ! object ( _! p]petually recurr+ m>g9al annotations1 to put ! unle>n$ read] on a level ) ! critical ,s*ol>2 to keep no?+ back f him2 & s =?8444 ,x is ! gross "o-sid$ness1 ! pat5t unfairness1 9 a critical po9t ( view1 ( ?is "w1 7:i* pr(esses to be no?+ else b a ,revision ( ! ,engli% ,v]sion ( #afaa17--:i* *iefly %ocks & (f5ds u4 ,=1 on ! o!r h&1 ( :at possible use c x be to encumb] ! m>g9 ( ,s4 ,luke x4 #da1 #db 7= example71 ) ! ann\ncem5t t 8,a few anci5t au?orities read ,m>?a1 ,m>?a1 ?\ art tr\bl$3 ,m>y ha? *os5 c40 7! fact be+1 t ,d alone ( ,,mss4 omits 8c>eful & 444 ab\t _m ?+s4 ,b "o ?+ is ne$ful1 &0 44478 ,) ! record ( ?is circum/ance1 is x reasonable 7we ask7 to *oke up our ,engli% m>g91--to create p]plexity & to ins9uate d\bt8 ,! au?or ( ! =ego+ m>g9al ,annotation 0 ( c\rse aw>e t ! same 8s+ul> codex0 7z ,bp4 ,ellicott /yles cod4 ,d7 omits1 9 ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel alone1 no less ?an #aeeb words3 & he w ( c\rse h asc]ta9$ 7by c\nt+7 t ! words 9 ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel am\nt to #ai1ida4 ,:y !n did he n tell ! :ole tru?2 & in/ead ( 8c410 proce$ z foll[s8--8,b inasmu* z cod4 ,d is s sc&al\sly corrupt t ab\t "o ^w 9 ?irte5 is miss+ ?r\gh\t1 ! abs5ce ( n9e words 9 ?is place is ( no mann] ( importance or significancy4 ,! preci\s say+ omitt$ is above suspicion1 & ! fir/ half ( ! pres5t ,annotation might h be5 sp>$40444 ,we submit t a ,note l t1 al?\gh r 8s+ul>0 9 /yle1 really w\ld h be5 to "s ext5t helpful1--if n to ! le>n$1 at lea/ to ! unle>n$ read]4 ,9 ! meantime1 unle>n$ & le>n$ read]s alike are compet5t to see t ! =ego+ p]turbation ( ,s4 ,luke x4 #da1 #db re/s on ! same manuscript au?ority z ! p]turbation ( *4 iii4 #bb1 :i* imm$iately prec$$ x4 ,! ,patri/ic atte/ation1 on ! o!r h&1 ( ! read+ :i* has be5 promot$ to ! m>g91 is almo/ nil3 :]eas t ( ! neglect$ place has be5 %[n to be consid]able1 v anci5t1 & ( high respectability4 ,b 9 fact1--7let ! ,tru? be pla9ly /at$2 =1 :5 ,,god',s ,^w is at /ake1 circumlocution is contemptible1 :ile concealm5t w\ld be a crime27--8,fai?fulness0 t[>ds ! public1 a /]n resolve t ! ,engli% read] 8%all "k ! wor/10 & all t k9d ( ?+1--su* consid]ations h _h no?+ :atev] to d ) ! matt]4 ,a va/ly diff]5t pr9ciple has prevail$ ) ! ,revisioni/s4 ,!mselves ! dupes ( an utt]ly mi/ak5 ,!ory ( ,textual ,criticism1 _! supreme solicitude has be5 to impose t same ,!ory1--7:i* is ,we/cott & ,hort's17--) all its bitt] consequ5ces1 on ! unle>n$ & unsuspici\s public4 ,we %all ( c\rse be indignantly call$ ^u to expla9 :at we mean by s injuri\s--s damn+--an imputation8 ,= all reply1 we are cont5t to ref] to ! sample ( our mean+ :i* w be f\nd bel[1 9 pp4 #acg-h4 ,! exposure ( :at has !re be5 %[n to be ! me?od ( ! ,revisioni/s 9 respect ( ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #aa1 might be repeat$ hundr$s ( times4 ,x w\ld 9 fact fill a volume4 ,we %all !re=e pass on1 :5 we h ask$ ! ,revisioni/s 9 turn--,h[ !y h d>$ s effectually to blot out ^? _m preci\s words f ! ,book ( ,life1 t no m]e ,engli% read]1 dep5d+ on ! ,revis$ ,v]sion = 8 k ( ! ,gospels1 c by possibility suspect _! exi/5ce8444 ,suppos+ ev5 t x 0 ! calamit\s result ( _! mi/ak5 pr9ciples t !y f\nd !mselves con/ra9$ on c\ntless occasions1 to omit f _! ,text preci\s say+s ( our ,,"l & ,8 ,apo/les1--:at possible excuse w !y (f] = n hav+ pres]v$ a record ( words s amply atte/$1 at lea/ 9 _! m>g98 ,ev5 s1 h[ev]1 ! :ole am\nt ( ! mis*ief :i* has be5 effect$ by our ,revisioni/s has n be5 /at$4 ,= ! ,greek ,text :i* !y h inv5t$ proves to be s hopelessly deprav$ ?r\gh\t1 t if x 7 to be ?ru/ ^u ! ,*ur*'s acceptance1 we %\ld be a ?\s& times worse (f ?an we 7 ) ! ,text :i* ,erasmus & ! ,complut5sian1--,/eph5s1 & ,beza1 & ! ,elzevirs1--bequea!d to u upw>ds ( ?ree c5turies ago4 ,on ?is "p ( ! subject we h rem>k$ at l5g? already pp4 #a-aaj3 yet %all we be con/ra9$ to recur once & aga9 to ! und]ly+ ,greek ,text ( ! ,revisioni/s1 inasmu* z x is impossible to /ir 9 any direction ) ! task be=e u1 )\t be+ pa9fully rem9d$ ( its exi/5ce4 ,n only d ! famili> ,p>ables1 ,miracles1 ,disc\rses ( our ,,"l1 trip u up at e /ep1 b we _c op5 ! fir/ page ( ! ,gospel--no1 nor inde$ read ! fir/ l9e--)\t be+ br\ght to a /&/ill4 ,?us1 #a4 ,s4 ,mat!w beg9s1--8,! book ( ! g5]ation ( ,,jesus ,,*ri/0 7v]4 #a74--;,good4 ,b "h ! m>g9 volunte]s two pieces ( in=mation3 fir/1--8,or1 bir?3 z 9 v]4 #ah40 ,we ref] to v]4 #ah1 & read--8,n[ ! bir? ( ,,jesus ,,*ri/ 0 on ?is wise40 ,good aga92 b ! m>g9 says1--8,or1 g5]ation3 z 9 v]4 #a40 ,are we !n to und]/& t ! same ,greek ^w1 div]sely r5d]$ 9 ,engli%1 occurs 9 bo? places8 ,we ref] to ! 8new ,greek ,text30 & !re x /&s1-- 9 ei!r v]se4 ,b if ! ^w be ! same1 :y 7on ! ,revis]s' !ory7 is x div]sely r5d]$8 ,9 ! meantime1 :o kn[s n t !re is all ! diff]5ce 9 ! _w betwe5 ,s4 ,mat!w's 1 9 v]4 #a1--;& ! same ,s4 ,mat!w's 1 9 v]4 #ah8 ,! latt]1 ! ,evangeli/'s ann\ncem5t ( ! circum/ances ( ! human ,nativity ( ,,*ri/3 ! =m]1 ! ,evangeli/'s unobtrusive way ( recall+ ! ,septuag9tal r5d]+ ( ,g54 ii4 #d & v4 #a37cic7 ! same ,evangeli/'s calm me?od ( guid+ ! dev\t & ?\ghtful /ud5t to disc]n 9 ! ,gospel ! ,hi/ory ( ! 8new ,creation10--by ?us provid+ t :5 fir/ ! ,gospel op5s its lips1 x %all syllable ! "n ( ! fir/ book ( ! eld] ,cov5ant8 ,we are po9t+ out t x m ?an />tles--x supremely (f5ds--"o :o is ev5 sl5d]ly acqua9t$ ) ! treasures ( wisdom hid 9 ! v diction ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,scriptures1 to discov] t a delib]ate ef=t has be5 made to get rid ( ! v =emo/ ( ^? notes ( ,div9e intellig5ce1 by conf\nd+ two words :i* all d[n ! ages h be5 c>efully kept di/9ct2 & t ?is ef=t is ! result ( an exagg]at$ e/imate ( a few codices :i* happ5 to be writt5 9 ! uncial "*1 viz4 two ( ! ,i,vth c5tury 7,b 72 "o ( ! ,v? 7,c72 two ( ! ,v,ith 7,p ,z72 "o ( ! ,i,xth 772 "o ( ! ,x? 7,s74 ,! ,v]sions7#cid7--7:i* are our olde/ witnesses7--are p]=ce only p>tially helpful "h4 ,note h[ev]1 t ! only "o :i* fav\rs is ! h]etical ,h>kleian ,syriac1 execut$ 9 ! ,v,i,ith c5tury4 ,! ,pes*ito & ,cureton's ,syriac di/+ui% betwe5 9 v]4 #a & 9 v]4 #ah3 z d ! ,slavonic & ! ,arabian ,v]sions4 ,! ,egyptian1 ,arm5ian1 ?iopic & ,georgian1 h only "o ^w = bo?4 ,let no "o suppose h[ev] t !re=e _! te/imony is ambigu\s4 ,x is 7n 7 :i* !y exhibit1 bo? 9 v]4 #a & 9 v]4 #ah47cie7 ,! ,lat9 78g5]atio07 is an equivocal r5d]+ c]ta9ly3 b ! e>lie/ ,lat9 writ] :o quotes ! two places1 7viz4 ,t]tullian7 employs ! ^w 8g5itura0 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #a1--;b 8nativitas0 9 v]4 #ah1--:i* no "o seems to h notic$47#cif7 ,n[1 ,t]tullian1 7z "o :o sometimes wrote 9 ,greek17 is kn[n to h be5 conv]sant ) ! ,greek copies ( 8 day2 & 88 day10 be x rememb]$1 is ,a4,d4 #aij4 ,he evid5tly recogniz$ ! p>allelism betwe5 ,s4 ,matt4 i4 #a & ,g54 ii4 #d1--:]e ! old ,lat9 exhibits 8lib] creatur0 or 8factur10 z ! r5d]+ ( 4 ,& s mu* = ! te/imony ( ! ,v]sions4 ,b on ref]5ce to ,manuscript & to ,patri/ic au?ority7#cig7 we are enc\nt]$ by an ov]:elm+ am\nt ( te/imony = 9 v]4 #ah3 & ?is1 consid]+ ! nature ( ! case1 is an extraord9>y circum/ance4 ,q pla9 is x t ! ,anci5ts 7 wide awake to ! diff]5ce betwe5 spell+ ! ^w ) "o ,n or ) two1--z ! little diss]tation ( ! h]etic ,ne/orius7#cih7 9 itself w\ld be en\gh to prove4 1 9 ! meantime1 is ! ^w employ$ by ,ju/9 ,m417#cii7--;by ,clem5s ,alex417#djj7--;by ,a?anasius17#dja7--;by ,gregory ( ,nazianzus17#djb7--;by ,cyril ,alex417#djc7--;by ,ne/orius17#djd7--;by ,*ryso/om17#dje7--;by ,!odorus ,mopsue/417#djf7--;& by ?ree o!r anci5ts47#djg7 ,ev5 m des]v+ ( att5tion is x t ,ir5u7#djh7 7,a4,d4 #agj7--7:om ,g]manus7#dji7 copies at ! end ( #eej ye>s7--calls att5tion to ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! spell+ ( v]4 #a & v]4 #ah4 ,s does ,didymus37#daj7--s does ,basil37#daa7--s does ,epiphanius47#dab7--,orig57#dac7 7,a4,d4 #baj7 is ev5 eloqu5t on ! subject4--,t]tullian 7,a4,d4 #aij7 we h he>d already4--,x is a significant circum/ance1 t ! only ,patri/ic au?orities discov]able on ! o!r side are ,eusebius1 ,!odoret1 & ! au?ors ( an h]etical ,cre$7#dad7--:om ,a?anasius holds up to scorn47#dae7 444 ,w ! ,revisioni/s /ill pret5d to tell u t 9 v]se #ah is a 8pla9 & cle> error08 #b4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n all4 ,aga9/ ! words 8( ,,jesus ,,*ri/10 a fur!r critical annotation is volunte]$2 to ! effect t 8,"s anci5t au?orities read ( ! ,*ri/40 ,9 reply to :i*1 we ass]t t n "o s+le kn[n ,,ms4 omits ! ^w 8,,jesus30 :il/ its pres5ce is v\*$ = by ps4-,tatian17#daf7--;,ir5u1--,orig51--,e usebius1--,didymus1-- ,epiphanius1--,*ryso/om1--,cyril1--9 addition to e kn[n ,greek copy ( ! ,gospels1 & n a few ( ! ,v]sions1 includ+ ! ,pes*ito & bo? ! ,egyptian4 ,:at else b nugatory !re=e is su* a piece ( in=mation z ?is8 #c4 ,& s mu* = ! fir/1 second1 & ?ird ,critical annotations1 ) :i* ! m>g9 ( ! revis$ ,n4 ,t4 is disfigur$4 ,hop+ t ! wor/ is n[ ov]1 we read on till we rea* v]4 #be1 :]e we enc\nt] a /atem5t :i* fairly trips u up3 viz41--8,& knew h] n till %e _h br\ght =? a son40 ,no intimation is af=d$ ( :at has be5 "h effect$2 b 9 ! meantime e "o's memory supplies ! epi!t 78h] fir/-born07 :i* has be5 eject$4 ,:e!r some?+ v l indignation is n excit$ by ! discov]y t ^! important words h be5 surreptiti\sly )drawn f _! place1 let o!rs say4 ,= ourselves1 :5 we f9d t only ,b ,z & two cursive copies c be produc$ = ! omission1 we are at a loss to und]/& ( :at ! ,revisioni/s c h be5 dream+4 ,did !y "k7#dag7 t1--besides ! ,vulgate1 ! ,pes*ito & ,philox5ian ,syriac1 ! ?iopic1 ,arm5ian1 ,georgian1 & ,slavonian ,v]sions17#dah7--;a :ole torr5t ( ,fa!rs are at h& to v\* = ! g5u95ess ( ! epi!t !y 7 s unc]emoni\sly excis+8 ,!y are invit$ to ref] to ps4-,tatian17#dai7--to ,a?anasius17#dbj7--to ,didymus17#dba7--to ,cyril ( ,j]417#dbb7--to ,basil17#dbc7--to ,greg4 ,nyss417#dbd7--to ,ephraem ,syr417#dbe7--to ,epiphanius17#dbf7--to ,*ryso/om17#dbg7--to ,proclus17#dbh7--to ,isidorus ,pelus417#dbi7--to ,john ,damasc417#dcj7--to ,photius17#dca7--to ,nicetas37#dcb7--;besides1 ( ! ,lat9s1 ,ambrose17#dcc7--! ,opus imp41--,augu/9e1--& n lea/ to ,j]ome7#dcd7--;eighte5 ,fa!rs 9 all4 ,& h[ is x possible1 7we ask17 t two copies ( ! ,i,vth c5tury 7,b 7 & "o ( ! ,v,ith 7,z7--all ?ree )\t a "*--back$ by a few copies ( ! old ,lat91 %\ld be suppos$ to be any c\nt]poise at all = su* an array ( fir/-rate contempor>y evid5ce z ! =ego+8 ,en\gh has be5 (f]$ by ?is "t to prove t an au?oritative ,revision ( ! ,greek ,text w h to prec$e any future ,revision ( ! ,engli% ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,equally c]ta9 is x t = su* an und]tak+ ! "t has n yet come4 8,x is my hone/ conviction10--7rem>ks ,bp4 ,ellicott1 ! ,*airman ( ! ,revisioni/s17--8t = any au?oritative ,revision1 we are n yet mature3 ei!r 9 ,biblical le>n+ or ,hell5i/ic s*ol>%ip407#dce7 ,! same op9ion precisely is f\nd to h be5 *]i%$ by ,dr4 ,we/cott till )9 ab\t a ye>-&-a-half7#dcf7 ( ! fir/ assembl+ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,company 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 #bbnd ,june1 #ahgj4 ,true1 t we enjoy access to--suppose f #ajjj to #bjjj--m ,,manuscripts ?an 7 available :5 ! ,textus ,recept4 0 =m$4 ,b n9ete5-tw5tie?s ( ^? docum5ts1 = any use :i* has be5 made ( !m1 might j z well be /ill ly+ 9 ! mona/ic libr>ies f :i* !y 7 obta9$4--,true1 t f\r out ( our five olde/ uncials h come to light s9ce ! ye> #afbh2 b1 :o kn[s h[ to use !m8--,true1 t we h made acqua9tance ) c]ta9 anci5t ,,v]sions1 ab\t :i* little or no?+ 0 kn[n #bjj ye>s ago3 b1--7) ! solit>y exception ( ! ,rev4 ,solomon ,cs> ,malan1 ! le>n$ ,vic> ( ,broadw9dsor1--:o1 by ! way1 is always ready to l5d a tor* to 8 b5ight$ bre?r517--:at liv+ ,engli%man is able to tell u :at !y all conta98 ,a smatt]+ acqua9tance ) ! languages ( anci5t ,egypt1--! ,go?ic1 ?iopic1 ,arm5ian1 ,georgian & ,slavonian ,v]sions1--is ( no mann] ( avail4 ,9 no dep>tm5t1 probably1 is 8a little le>n+0 m sure to prove 8a dang]\s ?+40--,true1 la/ly1 t ! ,,fa!rs h be5 bett] edit$ )9 ! la/ #bej ye>s3 dur+ :i* p]iod "s fre% ,patri/ic writ+s h also come to light4 ,b1 ) ! exception ( ,!odoret among ! ,greeks & ,t]tullian among ! ,lat9s1 :i* ( ! ,fa!rs has be5 satisfactorily index$8 ,ev5 :at prec$es is n ne>ly all4 ,! fundam5tal ,pr9ciples ( ! ,sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism are n yet appreh5d$4 ,9 pro( ( ?is ass]tion1 we appeal to ! new ,greek ,text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1--:i*1 beyond all controv]sy1 is m hopelessly remote f ! inspir$ ,orig9al ?an any :i* has yet appe>$4 ,let a g5]ation ( ,/ud5ts give !mselves entirely up to ?is neglect$ bran* ( sacr$ ,sci5ce4 ,let #ejj m ,,copies ( ! ,gospels1 ,acts1 & ,epi/les1 be dilig5tly collat$4 ,let at lea/ #ajj ( ! anci5t ,lection>ies be v exactly collat$ also4 ,let ! mo/ important ( ! anci5t ,,v]sions be edit$ afre%1 & let ! languages 9 :i* ^! are writt5 be = ! fir/ "t really ma/]$ by ,engli%m54 ,above all1 let ! ,,fa!rs he call$ ^u to give up _! preci\s secrets4 ,let _! writ+s be ransack$ & index$1 & 7:]e ne$ful7 let ! ,,mss4 ( _! works be dilig5tly inspect$1 9 ord] t we may "k :at actually is ! evid5ce :i* !y af=d4 ,only s w x ev] be possible to obta9 a ,greek ,text on :i* absolute reliance may be plac$1 & :i* may s]ve z ! basis = a satisfactory ,revision ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,nay1 let :atev] unpubli%$ works ( ! anci5t ,greek ,fa!rs are any:]e kn[n to exi/1--7& n a few preci\s rema9s ( !irs are ly+ hid 9 great national libr>ies1 bo? at home & abroad17--let ^! be pr9t$4 ,! m5 c\ld easily be f\nd3 ! money1 f> m easily4--,:5 all ?is has be5 done1--n be=e--!n 9 ,,god',s ,"n1 let ! ,*ur* address h]self to ! great und]tak+4 ,d b revive ! arrangem5ts :i* 7 adopt$ 9 ,k+ ,james's days3 & we v5ture to pr$ict t less ?an a ?ird "p ( t5 ye>s w be f\nd abundantly to suffice = ! "w4 ,h[ ! com+ m5 w smile at ! picture ,dr4 ,new?7#dcg7 has drawn ( :at 0 ! me?od ( proc$ure 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,victoria6 ,w !y n p]use ) d[nright m]rim5t ,bp4 ,ellicott's jaunty proposal 8simply to proce$ onw>d ) ! "w0--to wit1 ( con/ruct+ a new ,greek ,text1--89 fact1 solv]e ambul&o10 necnon 9 laqueum cad5do87#dch7 ,i4 ,we _c1 x is presum$1 act m fairly by ! ,revis]s' "w17#dci7 ?an by foll[+ !m ov] "s ( ! gr\nd :i* !y claim to h made _! own1 & :i*1 at ! conclusion ( _! lab\rs1 _! ,"r ,rev]5d ,*airman evid5tly surveys ) self-complac5cy4 ,fir/1 he invites att5tion to ! ,pr9ciple & ,rule = _! guidance agre$ to by ! ,committee ( ,convocation 7#be? ,may1 #ahgj71 viz4 8,,to ,,introduce ,,z ,,few ,,alt]ations ,,z ,,possible ,,into ,,! ,,text ,,( ,,! ,,au?oriz$ ,,v]sion1 ,,consi/5tly ,,) ,,fai?fulness40 ,words c\ld n be m emphatic4 8,,pla9 ,,& ,,cle> ,,errors0 7 to be correct$4 8,,necess>y em5dations0 7 to be made4 ,b 79 ! words ( ! ,s\!rn ,convocation7 8,we d n contemplate any new ,translation1 or any alt]ation ( ! language1 ,,except ,,:]e1 9 ! judgm5t ( ! mo/ compet5t ,s*ol>s1 ,,su* ,,*ange ,,is ,,necess>y40 ,! wat*word1 !re=e1 giv5 to ! company ( ,revisioni/s 01--8,,necessity40 ,necessity 0 to det]m9e :e!r !y 7 to dep>t f ! language ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 or n2 = ! alt]ations 7 to be ,,z ,,few ,,z ,,possible4 7a7 ,n[ x is idle to d5y t ?is fundam5tal ,pr9ciple has be5 utt]ly set at defiance4 ,to su* an ext5t is ?is ! case1 t ev5 an unlett]$ ,read] is compet5t to judge !m4 ,:5 we f9d 8to0 sub/itut$ = 8unto0 7passim73--8h]eby0 = 8by ?is0 7#a ,jo4 v4 #b73--8;all t are10 = 8all t be0 7,rom4 i4 #g73--8;alway0 = 8always0 7#b ,!ss4 i4 #c73--8we t10 8!m t10 = 8we :i*10 8!m :i*0 7#a ,!ss4 iv4 #ae72 & yet 8e _s :i*10 = 8e _s t0 7#a ,jo4 iv4 #c71 & 8he :o is n ( ,,god10 = 8he t is n ( ,,god0 7v]4 #f1--;al?\gh 8he t kn[e? ,,god0 _h prec$$1 9 ! same v]se73--8my ho/0 = 8m9e ho/0 7,rom4 xvi4 #bc72 & 8und]nea?0 = 8"u0 7,rev4 vi4 #i73--;x becomes cle> t ! ,revis]s' notion ( ,,necessity is n t ( ! re/ ( mank9d4 ,b let ! pla9 ,tru? be /at$4 ,c]ta9 ( !m1 :5 remon/rat$ ) by _! fell[s = ! manife/ disreg>d !y 7 %[+ to ! ,in/ructions subject to :i* !y _h und]tak5 ! "w ( ,revision1 are report$ to h ev5 glori$ 9 _! %ame4 ,! majority1 x is cle>1 h ev5 o/5tati\sly set ^? ,in/ructions at defiance4 ,0 ! c\rse !y pursu$1--7we ask ! "q respectfully17--/rictly hone/8 ,to decl9e ! "w entirely "u ! prescrib$ ,conditions1 0 always 9 _! p[]4 ,b1 fir/ to accept ! ,conditions1 & /raightway to act 9 defiance ( !m1--?is /rikes u z a me?od ( proce$+ :i* x is difficult to reconcile ) ! high "* ( ! occupants ( ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,to proce$ h[ev]4 8,nev]!less0 & 8not)/&+0 h _h a sad "t ( x4 ,"o or o!r ( !m has be5 turn$ out 9 fav\r ( 8h[beit0 7,s4 ,lu4 x4 #aa1 #bj71--( 8only0 7,phil4 iii4 #af71--( 8only t0 7i4 #ah71--( 8yet0 7,s4 ,mat?4 xi4 #aa71--( 8b0 7xvii4 #bg71--( 8& yet0 7,james ii4 #af74444 ,we f9d 8take he$0 sub/itut$ = 8bew>e0 7,col4 ii4 #h73--8;cu/om0 = 8mann]0 7,s4 ,jo4 xix4 #dj73--8;he 0 amaz$10 = 8he 0 a/oni%$30 7,s4 ,lu4 v4 #i73--8;,is x ,i1 ,,"l80 = 8,,"l1 is x ,i80 7,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #bb73--8/raightway ! cock crew10 = 8imm$iately ! cock crew0 7,s4 ,jo4 xviii4 #bg73--8,!n !re=e he deliv]$ ,him10 = 8,!n deliv]$ he ,him !re=e0 7xix4 #af73--8;br\ght x to ,8 m\?10 = 8put x to ,8 m\?0 7v]4 #bi73--8;,he manife/$ ,himself on ?is wise10 = 8on ?is wise %ew$ ,he ,himself0 7xxi4 #a73--8,s :5 !y got out ^u ! l&10 = 8,z soon !n z !y 7 come to l&0 7v]4 #i73--8! ?+s conc]n+10 = 8! ?+s p]ta9+ to ! k+dom ( ,,god0 7,acts i4 #c73--8;z ,,god',s /ew>d10 = 8z ! /ew>d ( ,god0 7,tit4 i4 #g73 b 8! belly ( ! :ale0 = 8! :ale's belly0 7,s4 ,mat?4 xii4 #dj71 & 8device ( man0 = 8man's device0 9 ,acts xvii4 #bi4--,^!1 & hundr$s ( simil> alt]ations h be5 evid5tly made out ( ! m]e/ wantonness4 ,aft] sub/itut+ 8!re=e0 = 8!n0 7z ! r5d]+ ( 7 a score ( times1--! ,revisioni/s q ne$lessly sub/itute 8!n0 = 8!re=e0 9 ,s4 ,jo4 xix4 #db4--;,& :y has ! s+ul>ly beautiful greet+ ( 8! eld] unto ! well-belov$ ,gaius10 be5 ex*ang$ = 8unto ,gaius ! belov$08 7#c ,john1 v]4 #a74 7b7 ,we turn a few pages1 & f9d 8he t doe? s910 sub/itut$ = 8he t committe? s920 & 8,to ?is end0 put 9 ! place ( 8,= ?is purpose0 7#a ,jo4 iii4 #h73--8;h beheld0 & 8be> witness10 = 8h se5 & d te/ify0 7iv4 #ad73--8;h]eby0 = 8by ?is0 7v4 #b73--8;,judas0 = 8,jude0 7,jude v]4 #a71 al?\gh 8,m>k0 0 sub/itut$ = 8,m>cus0 79 #a ,pet4 v4 #ac71 & 8,timo?y0 = 8,timo!us0 79 ,phil4 i4 #a73--8;h[ t !y said to y10 = 8h[ t !y told y0 7,jude v]4 #ah74--;,b :y g on8 ,! sub/itution ( 8exce$+ly0 = 8greatly0 9 ,acts vi4 #g3--8! birds0 = 8! f[ls10 9 ,rev4 xix4 #ba3--8;,almighty0 = 8,omnipot5t0 9 v]4 #f3--8?r[ d[n0 = 8ca/ d[n10 9 ,s4 ,luke iv4 #bi3--8;inn] *amb]0 = 8closet10 9 vi4 #f3--^! are n 8necess>y0 *anges4444 ,we w give b ?ree in/ances m3--,9 #a ,s4 ,pet4 v4 #i1 8:om resi/1 /$fa/ 9 ! fai?10 has be5 alt]$ into 8:om )/&40 ,b h[ is 8)/&0 a bett] r5d]+ = 1 ?an 8resi/08 8,resi/10 at all ev5ts1 0 ! ,revisioni/s' ^w 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 v4 #ci & ,s4 ,james iv4 #g4--,:y also sub/itute 8! race0 7= 8! k9dr$07 8( ,joseph0 9 ,acts vii4 #ac1 al?\gh 0 r5d]$ 8k9dr$0 9 iv4 #f8--;,d ! ,revisioni/s ?9k t 8fa/5+ _! eyes on him0 is a bett] r5d]+ ( 7,acts vi4 #ae7 ?an 8look+ /$fa/ly on him08 ,!y c]ta9ly did n ?9k s :5 !y got to xxiii4 #a4 ,!re1 because !y f\nd 8e>ne/ly behold+ ! c\ncil10 !y mu/ ne$s alt] ! phrase into 8look+ /$fa/ly40 ,x is cle> !re=e t ,caprice1 n ,necessity1--an it*+ impati5ce to introduce *anges into ! ,a4 ,v41 n ! discov]y ( 8pla9 & cle> errors0--has det]m9$ ! great bulk ( ! alt]ations :i* mole/ u 9 e "p ( ! pres5t unle>n$ & ta/eless p]=mance4 ,,ii4 ,! next po9t to :i* ! ,revisioni/s direct our att5tion is _! ,,new ,,greek ,,text1--8! necess>y f\ndation (0 _! "w4 ,& "h we mu/ r5ew our prote/ aga9/ ! wrong :i* has be5 done to ,engli% read]s by ! ,revisioni/s' disreg>d ( ! ,i,vth ,rule laid d[n = _! guidance1 viz4 t1 :5ev] !y adopt$ a new ,textual read+1 su* alt]ation 0 to be 8indicat$ 9 ! m>g940 ,?is 8prov$ inconv5i5t10 say ! ,revisioni/s4 ,yes1 we reply3 b only because y saw fit1 9 pref]5ce1 to *oke up y\r m>g9 ) a record ( ! prepo/]\s read+s y did n admit4 ,ev5 s1 h[ev]1 ! ?+ might to "s ext5t h be5 done1 if only by a sy/em ( signs 9 ! m>g9 :]ev] a *ange 9 ! ,text _h be5 by y\rselves effect$4 ,&1 at :atev] 8inconv5i5ce10 y 7 b\nd to d ?is1--p>tly because ! ,rule be=e y 0 express3 b *iefly 9 fairness to ! ,engli% ,read]4 ,h[ comes x to pass t y h nev] furni%$ him ) ! in=mation y /ood pl$g$ to furni%2 b h in/ead1 volunte]$ 9 e page in=mation1 wor?less 9 itself1 :i* c only s]ve to unsettle ! fai? ( unlett]$ millions1 & to sugge/ unreasonable z well z mis]able d\bts to ! m9ds ( all8 ,= no "o may = an in/ant imag9e t ! m>g9al /atem5ts ( :i* we speak are a k9d ( equival5t = ! ,app>atus ,criticus :i* is f\nd 9 e pr9cipal edition ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t--except+ always t ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,s f> are we f deprecat+ 7) ,daniel ,:itby7 ! multiplication ( 8,v>i\s ,read+s10 t we rejoice 9 !m exce$+ly2 kn[+ t !y are ! v f\ndation ( our confid5ce & ! secret ( our /r5g?4 ,= ?is reason we consid] ,dr4 ,tis*5dorf's la/ 7#h?7 edition to be furni%$ ) n ne>ly en\gh ( !m1 ?\gh he left all 8 pr$ecessors 7& himself 9 8 #g? edition7 f> beh9d4 ,our qu>rel ) ! ,revisioni/s is n by any means t !y h commemorat$ actual 8alt]native ,read+s0 9 _! m>g93 b t1 :ile !y h giv5 prom95ce ?r\gh\t to pat5t ,errors1 !y h unfairly exclud$ all m5tion (1--h n made ! slighte/ allusion to1--hundr$s ( ,read+s :i* ought 9 fact r to h /ood 9 ! ,text4 ,! m>g9al read+s1 :i* our ,revis]s h be5 s ill-advis$ z to put prom95tly =w>d1 & to introduce to ! ,read]'s notice ) ! vague /atem5t t !y are sanction$ by 8,"s0 7or by 8,_m07 8anci5t au?orities10--are specim5s arbitr>ily select$ out ( an imm5se mass2 are magi/]ially recomm5d$ to public att5tion & fav\r2 seem to be inve/$ ) ! sanction & au?ority ( ,convocation itself4 ,& ?is becomes a v s]i\s matt] inde$4 ,no h9t is giv5 :i* be ! 8anci5t ,au?orities0 s ref]r$ to3--nor :at proportion !y be> to ! 8anci5t ,au?orities0 producible on ! opposite side3--nor :e!r !y are ! mo/ 8anci5t ,au?orities0 obta9able3--nor :at am\nt ( att5tion _! te/imony may reasonably claim4 ,b 9 ! meantime a fatal ass]tion is haz>d$ 9 ! ,preface 7iii4 #a471 to ! effect t 9 cases :]e 8x w\ld n be safe to accept "o ,read+ to ! absolute exclusion ( o!rs10 8alt]native ,read+s0 h be5 giv5 89 ! m>g940 ,s t ! 8,agony & bloody sweat0 ( ! ,_w's ,,r$eem] 7,lu4 xxii4 #dc1 #dd71--;& ,8 ,pray] = ,8 murd]]s 7xxiii4 #cd71--;& mu* beside ( transc5d5t importance & ine/imable value1 may1 accord+ to our ,revisioni/s1 prove to re/ ^u no f\ndation :atev]4 ,at all ev5ts1 8x w\ld n be safe10 7i4e4 x is n safe7 to place absolute reliance on !m4 ,alas1 h[ _m a deadly bl[ at ,reveal$ ,tru? ha? be5 9 ?is way aim$ ) fatal adroitness1 :i* no am\nt ( or?odox le>n+ w ev] be able h]eaft] to heal1 mu* less to undo6 ,?us1-- 7a7 ,f ! fir/ v]se ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel we are in=m$ t 8,"s anci5t au?orities omit ! ,son ( ,,god40 ,:y are we n in=m$ t e kn[n uncial ,copy except "o ( bad "*1--e cursive b two1--e ,v]sion1--& ! foll[+ ,fa!rs1--all conta9 ! preci\s clause3 viz4 ,ir5u1--,porphyry1--,sev]ianus ( ,gabala1--,cyril ,alex41--,victor ,ant41--& o!rs1--besides ,ambrose & ,augu/9e among ! ,lat9s3--:ile ! suppos$ adv]se te/imony ( ,s]apion & ,titus1 ,basil & ,victor9us1 ,cyril ( ,j]4 & ,epiphanius1 proves to be all a mi/ake8 ,to speak pla9ly1 s9ce ! clause is above suspicion1 ,:y are we n r told s8 7b7 ,9 ! #crd v]se ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,s4 ,john's ,gospel1 we are left to take our *oice betwe51--8)\t ,him 0 n any?+ made t ha? be5 made4 ,9 him 0 life2 & ! life10 c41--& ! foll[+ absurd alt]native1--8,)\t him 0 n any?+ made4 ,t :i* ha? be5 made 0 life 9 him2 & ! life10 c4 ,b we are n in=m$ t ?is latt] mon/r\s figm5t is kn[n to h be5 ! importation ( ! ,gno/ic h]etics 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury1 & to be z de/itute ( au?ority z x is ( s5se4 ,:y is prom95ce giv5 only to ! lie8 7c7 ,at ,s4 ,john iii4 #ac1 we are in=m$ t ! la/ clause ( t fam\s v]se 78,no man ha? asc5d$ up to heav51 b ,he t came d[n f heav51 ev5 ! ,son ( ,man--:i* is 9 heav5071 is n f\nd 9 8_m anci5t au?orities40 ,b :y1 9 ! "n ( common fairness1 are we n also rem9d$ t ?is1 7z w be f\nd m fully expla9$ 9 ! note ov]leaf17 is a circum/ance ( no ,textual significancy :atev]8 ,:y1 above all1 are we n assur$ t ! preci\s clause 9 "q 7 7 is f\nd 9 e ,,ms4 9 ! _w1 except five ( bad "*8--is recogniz$ by all ! ,lat9 & all ! ,syriac v]sions2 z well z by ! ,coptic1--?iopic1--,georgian1--& ,arm5ian87#ddj7--;is ei!r quot$ or insi/$ ^u by ,orig517#dda7--;,hippolytus17#ddb7--;,a? anasius17#ddc7--;,didymus17#ddd7--;,aphr aates ! ,p]sian17#dde7--;,basil ! ,great17#ddf7--;,epiphanius17#ddg7--,non nus1--ps4-,dionysius ,alex417#ddh7--;,eu/a?ius27#ddi7--;by ,*ryso/om17#dej7--,!odoret17#dea7--;& ,cyril17#deb7 ea* #d times2--by ,paulus1 ,bi%op ( ,emesa7#dec7 79 a s]mon on ,*ri/mas ,day1 ,a4,d4 #dca72--;by ,!odoras ,mops417#ded7--;,amphilo*ius17#dee7--,se v]us17#def7--,!odorus ,h]acl417#deg7--;,basilius ,cil417#deh7--;,cosmas17#dei7--;,john ,damasc5e1 9 #c places17#dfj7--;& #d o!r anci5t ,greek writ]s27#dfa7--;besides ,ambrose17#dfb7--,novatian17#dfc7--;,hil >y17#dfd7--,lucif]17#dfe7--,victor9us1-- ,j]ome17#dff7--;,cassian1--,vigilius17#d fg7--,z5o17#dfh7--,m>ius17#dfi7--,maximu s ,taur417#dgj7--;,capreolus17#dga7--;,aug u/9e1 c43--is ackn[l$g$ by ,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 ,tis*5dorf3 9 %ort1 is q above suspicion3 :y are we n told t8 ,^? #aj ,v]sions1 ^? #ch ,fa!rs1 t ho/ ( ,copies 9 ! proportion ( #iie to #e1--:y1 conc]n+ all ^! is !re n s mu* z a h9t let fall t su* a mass ( c\nt]-evid5ce exi/s87#dgb7444 ,%ame1--yes1 %ame on ! le>n+ :i* comes abroad only to p]plex ! weak1 & to unsettle ! d\bt+1 & to mislead ! bl9d6 ,%ame1--yes1 %ame on t two-?irds majority ( well-int5tion$ b mo/ incompet5t m51 :o1--f9d+ !mselves 79 an evil h\r7 appo9t$ to correct 8pla9 & cle> errors0 9 ! ,engli% 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10--occupi$ !mselves in/ead ) falsify+ ! inspir$ ,greek ,text 9 c\ntless places1 & br&+ ) suspicion "s ( ! mo/ preci\s utt]ances ( ! ,,_s6 ,%ame1--yes1 %ame ^u !m6 ,:y !n1 7x w ( c\rse be ask$17 is ! m>g9--7a7 ( ,s4 ,m>k i4 #a &--7b7 ( ,s4 ,john i4 #c1 &--7c7 ( ,s4 ,john iii4 #ac1 encumb]$ aft] ?is discr$itable fa%ion8 ,x is 7we answ]7 only because ! ,text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort is ?us deprav$ 9 all ?ree places4 ,^? ,s*ol>s enjoy ! un5viable di/9ction ( hav+ d>$ to expel f ,s4 ,john iii4 #ac ! words 1 :i* ,la*mann1 ,tregelles & ,tis*5dorf 7 afraid to t\*4 ,well may ,dean ,/anley h be/[$ ^u ,dr4 ,hort ! epi!t ( 8fe>less06444 ,if report speaks truly1 x is by ! m]e/ accid5t t ! clause 9 "q /ill reta9s its place 9 ! ,revis$ ,text4 7d7 ,only once m4 ,& ?is "t we w turn to ! v end ( ! bless$ volume4 ,aga9/ ,rev4 xiii4 #ah-- 8,"h is wisdom4 ,he t ha? und]/&+1 let him c\nt ! numb] ( ! ,bea/2 = x is ! numb] ( a ,man3 & 8 numb] is six hundr$ & sixty & six40 ,aga9/ ?is1 we f9d not$1--8,"s anci5t au?orities read six hundr$ & sixte540 ,b :y is n ! :ole ,tru? told8 viz4 :y are we n in=m$ t only "o corrupt uncial 7,c73--only "o cursive copy 7#aa73--only "o ,fa!r 7,ti*onius73 & n "o anci5t ,v]sion--advocates ?is read+8--:i*1 on ! contr>y1 ,ir5u 7,a4,d4 #agj7 knew1 b reject$2 rem>k+ t #fff1 :i* is 8f\nd 9 all ! be/ & olde/ copies & is atte/$ by m5 :o saw ,john face to face10 is unque/ionably ! true read+47#dgc7 ,:y is n ! ord9>y ,read] fur!r in=m$ t ! same numb] 7#fff7 is expressly v\*$ = by ,orig517#dgd7--;by ,hippolytus17#dge7--;by ,eusebius37#dgf7--;z well z by ,victor9us--& ,primasius1--n to m5tion ,&reas & ,are?as8 ,to come to ! mod]ns1 z a matt] ( fact ! e/abli%$ read+ is accept$ by ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1--ev5 by ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,:y !re=e--= :at possible reason--at ! end ( #agjj ye>s & upw>ds1 is ?is1 :i* is s cle>ly no?+ else b an anci5t slip ( ! p51 to be =c$ ^u ! att5tion ( #ij millions ( ,engli%-speak+ p8 ,w ,bi%op ,ellicott & 8 fri5ds v5ture to tell u t x has be5 done because 8x w\ld n be safe to accept0 #fff1 8to ! absolute exclusion (0 #faf8444 8,we h giv5 alt]native ,read+s 9 ! m>g910 7say !y17 8:]ev] !y seem to be ( suffici5t importance or int]e/ to des]ve notice40 ,w !y v5ture to claim ei!r 8int]e/0 or 8importance0 = ?is8 or pret5d t x is an 8alt]native ,read+0 at all8 ,has x be5 rescu$ f oblivion & p>ad$ be=e univ]sal ,*ri/5dom 9 ord] to p]plex1 my/ify1 & disc\rage 8^? t h und]/&+10 & w\ld fa9 8c\nt ! numb] ( ! ,bea/10 if !y 7 able8 ,or 0 ! int5tion only to ins9uate "o m wret*$ d\bt--"o m mis]able suspicion--into m9ds :i* h be5 taught 7& rightly7 to place absolute reliance 9 ! textual accuracy ( all ! grave/ utt]ances ( ! ,,_s3 m9ds :i* are utt]ly incapable ( deal+ ) ! subtleties ( ,textual ,criticism2 &1 f a "o-sid$ /atem5t l ! pres5t1 w c>ry away none b entirely mi/ak5 inf]5ces1 & ! mo/ unreasonable di/ru/8444 ,or1 la/ly1 0 x only because1 9 _! op9ion1 ! m>g9 ( e ,engli%man's ,n4 ,t4 is ! fitte/ place = reviv+ ! memory ( obsolete blund]s1 & v5tilat+ =gott5 p]v]sions ( ! ,tru?8444 ,we really pause = an answ]4 7e7 ,b s]i\s z ?is is1 m s]i\s 7if possible7 is ! unfair ,suppression sy/ematically practis$ ?r\gh\t ! "w be=e u4 8,we h giv5 alt]native ,read+s 9 ! m>g910--7says ,bi%op ,ellicott on behalf ( 8 bro!r-,revisioni/s17--8:]ev] !y seem to be ( suffici5t importance or int]e/ to des]ve notice40 iii4 #a4 ,f :i* /atem5t1 read]s h a "r to inf] t :5ev] 8alt]native ,read+s0 are n 8giv5 9 ! m>g910 x is because su* ,read+s d n 8seem to be ( suffici5t importance or int]e/ to des]ve notice40 ,w ! ,revisioni/s v5ture to tell u t1--7to take ! fir/ in/ance ( unfair ,suppression :i* pres5ts itself17--our ,,"l's say+ 9 ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #aa is n 8( suffici5t importance or int]e/ to des]ve notice08 ,we allude to ! fam\s words1--8,v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,x %all be m tol]able = ,sodom & ,gomorrah 9 ! day ( judgm5t1 ?an = t city30--words :i* are n only omitt$ f ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion10 b are n suff]$ to leave s mu* z a trace ( !mselves 9 ! m>g94 ,& yet1 ! say+ 9 "q is atte/$ by ! ,pes*ito & ! ,philox5ian ,syriac ,v]sions3 by ! ,old ,lat93 by ! ,coptic1 ?iopic & ,go?ic ,v]sions3--by #aa uncials & by ! :ole bulk ( ! cursives3--by ,ir5u & by ,victor ( ,antio*4 ,s t :e!r ,antiquity1 or ,v>iety ( ,atte/ation is consid]$1--:e!r we look = ,numb]s or = ,respectability1--! g5u95ess ( ! passage may be reg>d$ z c]ta94 ,our compla9t h[ev] is n t ! ,revisioni/s ent]ta9 a diff]5t op9ion on ?is head f ourselves3 b t !y give ! read] to und]/& t ! /ate ( ! ,evid5ce is su*1 t x is q 8safe to accept0 ! %ort] read+1--8to ! absolute exclusion ( ! o!r40--,s va/ is ! field be=e u1 t ?is s+le specim5 ( :at we v5ture to call 8unfair ,suppression10 mu/ suffice4 7,"s w n hesitate to be/[ ^u x a h>%] epi!t47 ,x is 9 tru? by f> ! mo/ damag+ feature ( ! "w be=e u1 t its ,au?ors %\ld h s l>gely & s s]i\sly falsifi$ ! ,deposit2 & yet1 79 cle> violation ( ! ,i,vth ,pr9ciple or ,rule laid d[n = _! guidance at ! outset17 h suff]$ no trace to survive 9 ! m>g9 ( ! deadly mis*ief :i* !y h effect$4 ,,iii4 ,f ! ,text1 ! ,revisioni/s pass on to ! ,,translation2 & surprise u by ! av[al1 t 8! "* ( ! ,revision 0 det]m9$ = u f ! outset by ! fir/ ,rule1--#8to introduce z few alt]ations z possible1 consi/5tly ) fai?fulness4' ,our task 0 ,revision1 n ,retranslation40 7,?is is nave c]ta9ly47 ,!y proce$1-- 8,if ! mean+ 0 fairly express$ by ! ^w or phrase t 0 be=e u 9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 we made no *ange1 ev5 :]e rigid adh]5ce to ! rule ( ,translat+1 z f> z possible1 ! same ,greek ^w by ! same ,engli% ^w might h prescrib$ "s modification40--iii4 #b init4 7,! italics are our own47 ,to ! 8rule0 ?us introduc$ to our notice1 we %all recur by & by pp4 #aeb-d3 also pp4 #ahg-bjb4 ,we proce$ to rem>k on ea* ( ! five pr9cipal ,classes ( alt]ations indicat$ by ! ,revisioni/s3 & fir/1--8,alt]ations positively requir$ by *ange ( read+ 9 ! ,greek ,text0 7,ibid474 7#a7 ,?us1 9 ,s4 ,john xii4 #g1 we f9d 8,suff] h] to keep x aga9/ ! day ( my bury+20 & 9 ! m>g9 7z an alt]native71 8,let h] alone3 x 0 t %e might keep x40--,in/ead ( 8z soon z ,,jesus he>d ! ^w10--we are invit$ to *oose betwe5 8n he$+10 & 8ov]he>+ ! ^w0 7,s4 ,mk4 v4 #cf73 ^! be+ int5d$ = r5d]+s ( 1--an expression :i* ,s4 ,m>k c]ta9ly nev] employ$4--8,on e>?1 peace among m5 9 :om he is well pleas$0 7,s4 ,lu4 ii4 #ad73 :]e ! m>g9 in=ms u t 8_m anci5t au?orities read1 good pleasure among m540 7,& :y n 8good w10--! r5d]+ adopt$ 9 ,phil4 i4 #ae87 444 ,take "s m ( ! alt]ations :i* h result$ f ! adoption ( a corrupt ,text3--8,:y aske/ ?\ me conc]n+ t :i* is good80 7,mat?4 xix4 #ag1--;an absurd fabrication74--8,he w\ld fa9 h be5 fill$ ) ! husks10 c4444 8& ,i p]i% "h ) hung]60 71 borr[$ f ,lu4 xvi4 #ba3 & 1 a transp>5t error3 ,s4 ,luke xv4 #af1 #ag74--8,:5 x %all fail1 !y may receive y into ! et]nal tab]nacles0 7xvi4 #i74----;,elizabe? 8lift$ up h] voice ) a l\d cry0 7--! private prop]ty ( ?ree bad ,,mss4 & ,orig53 ,lu4 i4 #db74--8;,& !y /ood /ill look+ sad0 7xxiv4 #ag1--;a fooli% transcriptional blund]74--8,! multitude w5t up & began to ask him10 c4 7 = 1 ,mk4 xv4 #h74--8;,b is guilty ( an et]nal s90 7iii4 #bi74--8;,& ! (fic]s receiv$ ,him ) bl[s ( _! h&s10--m>g4 8or /rokes ( rods30 = 7xiv4 #fe74--8;,else1 t :i* %\ld fill x up take? f x1 ! new f ! old0 7ii4 #ba73 & 8,no man r5de? a piece f a new g>m5t & putte? x ^u an old g>m5t2 else he w r5d ! new10 c4 7,lu4 v4 #cf74--8,:at is ?is8 a new tea*+60 7,mk4 i4 #bg74--8;,,jesus sai? unto him1 ,if ?\ can/60 7,mk4 ix4 #bc74--8;,because ( y\r little fai?07,mat?4 xvii4 #bj74--8,we mu/ "w ! works ( ,him t s5t ,me1 :ile x is day0 7,jo4 ix4 #d74--8,! man t is call$ ,,jesus made clay0 7v]4 #aa74--8;,if ye %all ask ,me any?+ 9 ,my "n0 7xiv4 #ad74--8,! ,fa!r abid+ 9 ,me doe? ,8 works0 7xiv4 #aj74--8;,if ye %all ask any?+ ( ! ,fa!r1 ,he w give x y 9 ,my "n0 7xvi4 #bc74--8;,i glorifi$ ,!e on ! e>?1 hav+ accompli%$ ! "w :i* ,?\ ha/ giv5 ,me to d0 7xvii4 #d74--8;,holy ,fa!r1 keep !m 9 ,?y ,"n :i* ,?\ ha/ giv5 ,me 444 ,i kept !m 9 ,?y ,"n :i* ,?\ ha/ giv5 me0 7v]4 #aa1 #ab74--8,%e 444 sai? unto ,him 9 ,hebrew1 ,rabboni0 7xx4 #af74--8,^! ?+s said ,isaiah1 because he saw 8 glory0 7xii4 #da1-- = 1 a common itacism74--8,9 tables t are he>ts ( fle%0 7 1 a 8p]fectly absurd read+10 z ,scriv5] rem>ks1 p4 #ddb3 #b ,cor4 iii4 #c74--8,n[ if we put ! horses' bridles & pray1 :y n #8! horses' bits'8 into _! m\?s0 71 an ord9>y itacism = 1 ,james iii4 #c74--8,unto ! sick 7 c>ri$ away f 8 body h&k]*iefs10 c4 7,acts xix4 #ab74--8,ye "k all ?+s once = all0 7,jude v]4 #e74--8,we love because he fir/ lov$ u0 7#a ,jo4 iv4 #ai74--8;,i h f\nd no "w ( ?9e fulfill$ be=e my ,,god0 7,rev4 iii4 #b74--8,sev5 ,angels array$ ) preci\s /one0 7xv4 #f71 in/ead ( 8clo!d 9 l9510 = 4 7,fancy ! ,angels 8clo!d 9 /one06 8,preci\s0 is an int]polation ( ! ,revis]s74--8,dwell+ 9 ! ?+s :i* he ha? se530 = :i* ! m>g9 (f]s z an alt]native1 8tak+ 8 /& ^u0 7,colossians ii4 #ah74 ,b 7! ^w "h employ$7 cle>ly means nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4 ,s4 ,paul is deliv]+ a w>n+ aga9/ unduly 8pry+ into ! ?+s n se5407#dgg7 ,a few ,,mss4 ( bad "* omit ! 8n40 ,t is all6444 ,^! !n are a h&ful ( ! less conspicu\s in/ances ( a *ange 9 ! ,engli% 8positively requir$ by a *ange ( read+ 9 ! ,greek ,text30 e "o ( !m be+ ei!r a pitiful blund] or else a gross fabrication4--,take only two m3 8,i nei!r "k1 nor und]/&3 ?\1 :at saye/ ?\80 7,mk4 xiv4 #fh m>g973--8,& :i!r ,i g1 ye "k ! way0 7,jo4 xiv4 #d74444 ,! ,a4 ,v4 is bett] 9 e in/ance4 7#b7 & 7#c7 ,next1 alt]ations made because ! ,a4 ,v4 8appe>$ to be incorrect0 or else 8obscure40 ,!y mu/ ne$s be su* z ! foll[+3--8,he t is ba!d ne$e? n save to wa% 8 feet0 7,s4 ,john xiii4 #aj74--8,,"l1 if he is fall5 asleep he w recov]0 71 xi4 #ab74--8;,g ye !re=e into ! p>t+s ( ! highways0 7,mat?4 xxii4 #i74--8;,be+ griev$ at ! h>d5+ ( _! he>t0 7,mk4 iii4 #e74--8,light a lamp & put x on ! /&0 7,matt4 v4 #ae74--8,sitt+ at ! place ( toll0 7ix4 #i74--8,! supplication ( a righte\s man availe? mu* 9 its work+0 7,james v4 #af74--8;,awake up righte\sly0 7#a ,cor4 xv4 #cd74--8;,gu>d$ ?r\gh fai? unto a salvation0 7#a ,pet4 i4 #e74--8,w&]+ 9 444 ! holes ( ! e>?0 7,heb4 xi4 #ch--v que] places c]ta9ly to be 8w&]+0 974--8,%e t is 9 ,babylon1 elect toge!r ) y1 salute? y0 7#a ,pet4 v4 #ac74--8,!re=e d ^! p[]s "w 9 ,him0 7,mat?4 xiv4 #b74--8;,9 dang] ( ! hell ( fire0 7v4 #bb74--8,put out into ! deep0 7,luke v4 #d74--8,! tomb t ,abraham b\ght = a price 9 silv]0 7,acts vii4 #af74 ,) ref]5ce to e "o ( ^! places1 7& !y are b samples ( :at is to be met ) 9 e page17 we v5ture to ass]t t !y are ei!r less intelligible1 or else m inaccurate1 ?an ! expressions :i* !y are sev]ally int5d$ to sup]s$e2 :ile1 9 "s in/ances1 !y are bo?4 ,w any "o s]i\sly cont5d t 8! hire ( wrong-do+0 is bett] ?an 8! wages ( unrighte\sness0 7#b ,pet4 ii4 #ae78 or1 w he v5ture to d5y t1 8,come & d9e0--8s :5 !y _h d9$10--is a hundr$ times bett] ?an 8,come & break y\r fa/0--8s :5 !y _h brok5 _! fa/0 7,jo4 xxi4 #ab1 #ae78--;expressions :i* are only introduc$ because ! ,revisioni/s 7 a%am$ 7z well !y might be7 to write 8breakfa/0 & 8breakfa/$40 ,! sev5 _h n be5 8fa/+40 ,!n1 :y introduce s incongru\s a notion "h1--any m ?an into ,s4 ,luke xi4 #cg1 #ch1 & xiv4 #ab8 ,has ! read] any appetite = m specim5s ( 8incorrectness0 rem$i$ & 8obscurity0 remov$8 ,r1 z x seems1 h bo? be5 l>gely import$ into a ,translation :i* 0 s+ul>ly intelligible be=e4 ,:y d>k5 ,rom4 vii4 #a & xi4 #b by introduc+ ! int]rogative p>ticle1 & !n1 by mi/ranslat+ x 8,or08--,also1 :y translate 8race08 78a man ( ,cyprus by race10 8a man ( ,pontus by race10 8an ,alex&rian by race10 ,acts iv4 #cf3 xviii4 #b1 #bd74--8;,if !re is a natural body1 !re is also a spiritual body10 say ! ,revisioni/s3 8,o dea?1 :]e is ?y victory8 ,o dea? :]e is ?y /+80 7,c\ld !y n let ev5 #a ,cor4 xv4 #dd & #ee alone87--,:y alt] 8,= ! bread ( ,,god is ,he10 into 8,= ! bread ( ,,god is t :i* come? d[n f ,heav508 7,jo4 vi4 #cc74--8;,z long z ,i am 9 ! _w10 0 surely bett] ?an 8,:5 ,i am 9 ! _w1 ,i am ! light ( ! _w0 7ix4 #e74--;,is 8,he w5t =? out ( _! h&0 suppos$ to be an improvem5t ^u 8,he escap$ out ( _! h&08 7x4 #ci73 & is 8,!y lov$ ! glory ( m5 m ?an ! glory ( ,,god0 an improvem5t ^u 8! praise08 7xii4 #dc74--8;,judas sai? unto ,him1 ,,"l1 :at is come to pass t ,?\ wilt manife/ ,?yself to u08 ,is t suppos$ to be an improvem5t ^u xiv4 #bb8--;,h[ is 8,if !n0 an improvem5t on 8,=asmu* !n0 9 ,acts xi4 #ag8--or h[ is ?is endurable 9 ,rom4 vii4 #ae1--8;,= t :i* ,i d1 ,i "k n3 = n :at ,i w\ld1 t d ,i practise30--or ?is1 9 xvi4 #be1 8,! my/]y :i* ha? be5 kept 9 sil5ce ?r\gh times et]nal1 b n[ is manife/$10 c4--8,?\ !re=e1 my *ild10--address+ ! ,bi%op ( ,ephesus 7#b ,tim4 ii4 #a73 & 8,titus1 my true *ild10--address+ ! ,bi%op ( ,crete 7,tit4 i4 #d74 ,are ! foll[+ deem$ improvem5ts8 8,e "o t doe? s9 doe? also lawlessness3 & s9 is lawlessness0 7#a ,jo4 iii4 #d73 8,i w move ?y c&le/ick out ( its place0 7,rev4 ii4 #e73--8;a glassy sea0 7iv4 #f73--8;a great voice0 7v4 #ab73--8,v]ily1 n ( ,angels do? ,he take hold1 b ,he take? hold ( ! se$ ( ,abraham30--8,he took hold ( ! bl9d man by ! h&30--8,!y took hold ( him & br\ght him unto ! ,areopagus0 7,heb4 ii4 #af3 ,s4 ,mk4 viii4 #bc3 ,acts xvii4 #ai73--8:]e=e ,,god is n a%am$ ( !m1 to be call$ _! ,,god0 7,acts xi4 #af73--8;,c\nt$ x n a prize to be on an equality ) ,,god0 7,phil4 ii4 #f74--,:y are we to sub/itute 8c\rt0 = 8palace0 9 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #c & ,lu4 xi4 #ba8 7,consid] ,mat?4 xii4 #bi & ,mk4 iii4 #bg74--8,wom5 receiv$ _! dead by a resurrection0 7,heb4 xi4 #ce73--8;,if ye =give n e "o 8 bro!r f _! he>ts0 7,mat?4 xviii4 #ce73--8;,if because ( meat ?y bro!r is griev$1 ?\ walke/ no long] 9 love0 7,rom4 xiv4 #ae73--8:i* ,,god1 :o _c lie1 promis$ be=e times et]nal2 b 9 8 own seasons manife/$ 8 ^w 9 ! message0 7,tit4 i4 #b1 #c73--8,y\r pleasures & :y n #8lu/s'8 t w> 9 y\r memb]s0 7,james iv4 #a73--8;,behold h[ mu* wood is k9dl$ by h[ small a fire60 7iii4 #e74--;,are ^! really suppos$ to be less 8obscure0 ?an ! passages !y are int5d$ to sup]s$e8 7a7 ,n a few ( ! mi/ak5 r5d]+s ( ! ,revisioni/s c only be e/abli%$ by an am\nt ( illu/ration :i* is at once inconv5i5t to ! ,review] & unwelcome probably to ! g5]al ,read]4 ,?us1 we take leave to po9t out t1--8,& com+ up at t v h\r0 79 ,lu4 ii4 #ch71--;z well z 8%e came up to ,him0 79 ,lu4 x4 #dj71 are inexact r5d]+s ( ! orig9al4 ,! v]b 1 :i* etymologically signifies 8to /& ^u10 or 8ov]10 or 8by10--7b :i* reta9s its lit]al signification on only f\r out ( ! eighte5 occasions7#dgh7 :5 ! ^w occurs 9 ! ,gospels & ,acts17--is f\nd almo/ inv>iably to d5ote ! 8com+ sudd5ly ^u0 a p]son4 ,h5ce1 x is obs]v$ to be us$ five times to d5ote ! sudd5 appe>ance ( fri5dly visitants f ! unse5 _w37#dgi7 & sev5 times1 ! sudd5 ho/ile approa* ( :at is =midable47#dhj7 ,on ! two rema9+ occasions1 :i* are ^? be=e u1--7namely1 ! sudd5 com+ ( ,anna into ! ,temple7#dha7 & ( ,m>?a into ! pres5ce ( our ,,"l17#dhb77--8;com+ sudd5ly 90 w\ld probably repres5t ,s4 ,luke's exactly4 ,& yet1 "o w\ld hesitate to import ! ^w 8sudd5ly0 into ! n>rative4 ,s t 8com+ 90 w\ld aft] all h to /& 9 ! text1 al?\gh ! att5tive /ud5t ( ,scripture w\ld enjoy ! k t some?+ m is impli$4 ,9 o!r words1--! ,revisioni/s w\ld h done bett] if !y _h left bo? places alone4444 ,^! are _m words2 yet is x impossible to expla9 su* matt]s at once satisfactorily & briefly4 7b7 ,b m pa9ful by f> x is to discov] t a morbid /riv+ aft] etymological accuracy1--add$ to a calamit\s pref]5ce = a deprav$ ,text1--has prov$ ! ru9 ( "o ( ! mo/ affect+ sc5es 9 ,s4 ,john's ,gospel4 8,simon ,pet] beckone? to him1 & sai? unto him1 ,tell u :o x is ( :om ,he speake?0 a fabul\s /atem5t evid5tly2 = ,pet] beckon$1 because he might n speak4 8,he lean+ back1 z he 010--a v bad r5d]+ ( 1 by ! way2 & sure to recal inopportunely ! r5d]+ ( 9 ,s4 ,m>k iv4 #cf1 in/ead ( sugge/+ 7z x obvi\sly ought7 ! orig9al ( ,s4 ,john iv4 #f3--8on ,,jesus' brea/1 sai? unto ,him1 ,,"l :o is x80 7,s4 ,john xiii4 #bd-e74 ,n[1 ,s4 ,john's ^w conc]n+ himself 9 ?is place is c]ta9ly 4 ,he 8j sank0--let 8 head 8fall0--on 8 ,ma/]'s brea/1 & :isp]$ 8 "q4 ,= ?is1 a few corrupt copies sub/itute 4 ,b nev] means 8lean+ back40 ,x is descriptive ( ! po/ure ( "o recl9+ at a meal 7,s4 ,jo4 xiii4 #ab74 ,accord+ly1 x is #aj times r5d]$ by ! ,revisioni/s to 8sit d[n40 ,:y1 9 ?is place1 & 9 *apt] xxi4 #bj1 a new mean+ is ?ru/ ^u ! ^w1 x is = ! ,revisioni/s to expla94 ,b !y mu/ expla9 ! matt] a va/ deal bett] ?an ,bp4 ,lightfoot has done 9 8 int]e/+ little "w on ,revision 7pp4 #gb-c71 or !y w fail to p]suade any1--except "o ano!r4 7c7 ,?us x happ5s t we nev] sp5d half-an-h\r ov] ! un=tunate production be=e u )\t exclaim+ 7) "o 9 ! ,gospel71 8,! old is bett]40 ,*anges ( any sort are unwelcome 9 su* a book z ! ,bible2 b ! discov]y t *anges h be5 made = ! worse1 (f5ds greatly4 ,to take in/ances at r&om3--' 79 ,mat?4 xxi4 #h7 is rightly r5d]$ 9 our ,a4 ,v4 8a v great multitude407#dhc7 ,:y !n has x be5 alt]$ by ! ,r4 ,v4 into 8! mo/ "p ( ! multitude08-- 7,mk4 xii4 #cg71 9 l mann]1 is rightly r5d]$ 8! common p10 & ought n to h be5 gloss$ 9 ! m>g9 8! great multitude40--,9 ! ,r4 ,v4 ( ,acts x4 #ae1 we f9d 8,make ?\ n common10 introduc$ z an improvem5t on1 8,t call n ?\ common40 ,b 8! old is bett]30 =1 besides its idiomatic & helpful 8,t10--! old alone /ates ! case truly4 ,pet] did n 8make10 he only 8call$10 some?+ 8common40--8,all ! male *ildr510 z a translation ( 79 ,mat?4 ii4 #af7 is an unau?oriz$ /atem5t4 ,!re is no reason = suppos+ t ! female infants ( ,be?lehem 7 sp>$ 9 ! g5]al massacre3 & ! ,greek c]ta9ly conveys no su* in=mation4--8,:5 he came into ! h\se1 ,,jesus spake fir/ to him0--is really an incorrect r5d]+ ( ,mat?4 xvii4 #be3 at lea/1 x imports into ! n>rative a notion :i* is n f\nd 9 ! ,greek1 & does n exhibit fai?fully :at ! ,evangeli/ actually says4 8,anticipat$10 9 mod]n ,engli%1--8prev5t$10 9 anci5t phraseology1--80 be=eh& ) him0 9 language nei!r new nor old1--conveys ! s5se ( ! orig9al exactly4--,9 ,s4 ,lu4 vi4 #ce1 8,love y\r enemies1 444 & l5d1 nev] despair+10 is simply a mi/ak5 translation ( 1 z ! context suffici5tly proves4 ,! old r5d]+ is ! true "o47#dhd7 ,& s1 le>n$ly1 ! ,vulgate1--nihil inde sp]antes4 7,consid] ! use ( ,heb4 xi4 #bf3 ,phil4 ii4 #bc3 ,heb4 xii4 #b3 abutor1 z us$ by ,j]ome = utor1 c47--8,g ) !m mak+ no di/9ction0 is n ! mean+ ( ,acts xi4 #ab3 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 correctly translat$ be=e1 viz4 8no?+ d\bt+40--,! mis*iev\s *ange 78save0 9 place ( 8b07 9 ,gal4 ii4 #af has be5 ably & fai?fully expos$ by ,bp4 ,ollivant4 ,9 ! words ( ! le>n$ & pi\s ,bp4 ( ,l9coln1 8x is illogical & errone\s1 & contradicts ! :ole drift ( ,s4 ,paul's ,argum5t 9 t ,epi/le1 & 9 ! ,epi/le to ! ,romans40 7d7 ,we %\ld be deal+ ins9c]ely ) our ,read]s 7 we to conceal our grave dissatisfaction at n a few ( ! novel expressions :i* ! ,revisioni/s h s\ght to introduce into ! ,engli% ,new ,te/am5t4 ,t ! malefactors betwe5 :om 8! ,,"l ( glory0 0 crucifi$ 7 n ord9>y 8?ieves0 is obvi\s2 yet w\ld x h be5 wis]1 we ?9k1 to leave ! old designation undi/urb$4 ,we %all nev] le>n to call !m 8robb]s40--8,! k+ s5t =? a soldi] ( 8 gu>d0 is a gloss--n a translation ( ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #bg4 8,an execution]0 surely is f> pref]able z ! equival5t = 67#dhe7--8;,assass9s0 7z ! r5d]+ ( 7 is an objectionable sub/itute = 8murd]]s40 ,a ^w :i* 8belongs probably to a romantic *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,crusades07#dhf7 has no bus9ess 9 ! ,n4 ,t4--,& :at did ^! le>n$ m5 suppose !y %\ld ga9 by sub/itut+ 8! tw9 bro!rs0 = 8,ca/or & ,pollux0 9 ,acts xxviii4 #aa8 ,! ,greek 77 is nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4--,9 ! same _s1 in/ead (1 8!y t receiv$ tribute-money0 79 ,s4 ,mat?4 xvii4 #bd71 we are n[ pres5t$ ) 8!y t receiv$ ! half-%ekel30 & 9 v]se #bg1--;in/ead ( 8:5 ?\ ha/ op5$ 8 m\?1 ?\ %alt f9d a piece ( money10 we are fav\r$ ) 8?\ %alt f9d a %ekel40 ,b :y ! *ange has be5 made1 we fail to see4 ,! m>g9 is /ill oblig$ to expla9 t n "o ( ^! f\r words is f\nd 9 ! orig9al3 ! ,greek 9 ! =m] place be+ 1--9 ! latt]1 4--8,flute-play]s0 7= 8m9/rels07 9 ,s4 ,mat!w ix4 #bc1 is a mi/ake4 ,an play$ ! pipe 71 #a ,cor4 xiv4 #g71--;h5ce 8pip]s0 9 ,rev4 xviii4 #bb2 7:]e by ! way 8musicians0 is p]v]sely & less accurately r5d]$ 8m9/rels074--,once m4 8,undress$ clo?0 7,mk4 ii4 #ba71 because x is an expression popul>ly und]/ood only 9 c]ta9 di/ricts ( ,engl&1 & a vox artis1 ought n to h be5 introduc$ into ! ,gospels4 8,new0 is pref]able4--8,w9e-sk9s0 7,mtt4 ix4 #ag3 ,mk4 ii4 #bb3 ,lu4 v4 #cg7 is a t]m un9telligible to ! g5]ality2 z ! ,revisioni/s confess1 = !y expla9 x by a note1--8,t is1 sk9s us$ z bottles40 ,:at else is ?is b sub/itut+ a new difficulty = an old "o8--8,silv]10 n[ = ! fir/ "t ?ru/ into ,acts viii4 #bj1 is unreasonable4 ,l 8arg5t0 9 ,fr5*1 z mu* means 8money10 "h z 9 ,s4 ,mat!w xxv4 #ah1 #bg1 c4--,9 ,s4 ,james ii4 #ai1 we %\ld l to "k :at is ga9$ by ! introduction ( ! 8%udd]+0 devils4--,to take an example f a diff]5t class ( words1--,:o w say t 8,?\ m9de/ n ! ?+s ( ,,god0 is a bett] r5d]+ ( 1 ?an ! old 8,?\ sav\re/ n10--:i* at lea/ _h no ambiguity ab\t x8444 ,a fri5d po9ts out t ,dr4 ,field 7a 8ma/] 9 ,israel07 has exam9$ #ajd ( ! *anges made 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion2 & f9ds #h que/ionable3 #ac unnecess>y3 #ai faulty 7i4e4 cases 9 :i* ! ,a4 ,v4 requir$ am5dm5t1 b :i* ! ,r4 ,v4 has n succe$$ 9 am5d+73 #fd *anges = ! worse47#dhg7444 ,?is is surely a t]rible indictm5t = su* an "o z ,dr4 ,field to br+ aga9/ ! ,revis]s1--:o 7 direct$ only to correct 8,,pla9 ,,& ,,cle> ,,errors40 7e7 ,we really fail to und]/& h[ x has come to pass t1 not)/&+ ! am\nt ( s*ol>%ip :i* sometimes sat 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 s _m novelties are f\nd 9 ! pres5t ,revision :i* betok5 a want ( famili>ity ) ! ref9em5ts ( ! ,greek language on ! "o h&2 & 7:at is ev5 m inexcusable7 only a sl5d] acqua9tance ) ! res\rces & proprieties ( ,engli% spee*1 on ! o!r4 ,a fair av]age in/ance ( ?is occurs 9 ,acts xxi4 #cg1 :]e 7in/ead ( 8,can/ ?\ speak ,greek807 8 is r5d]$ 8,do/ ?\ "k ,greek80 ,t means 8to "k0 7& n 8to speak07 is und5iable3 & yet1 9 ! acc\nt ( all1 except ! drie/ & /upide/ ( p$agogues1 2 mu/ be translat$ 8,can/ ?\ speak ,greek80 ,= 7z e s*oolboy is aw>e7 is an adv]b1 & signifies 89 ,greek fa%ion30 s t some?+ has to be suppli$3 & ! full expression1 if x mu/ ne$s be giv51 w\ld be1 8,do/ ?\ "k h[ to talk 9 ,greek80 ,b !n1 ?is cond5sation ( phrase proves to be ! e/abli%$ idiom ( ! language37#dhh7 s t ! rejection ( ! le>n$ r5d]+ ( ,tyndale1 ,cranm]1 ! ,g5eva1 ! ,rheims1 & ! ,translators ( #afaa 78,can/ ?\ speak ,greek807--! rejection ( ?is1 at ! end ( #bgj ye>s1 9 fav\r ( 8,do/ ?\ "k ,greek80 really betrays ignorance4 ,x is worse ?an bad ,ta/e4 ,x is a /upid & delib]ate blund]4 7f7 ,! sub/itution ( 8!y weigh$ unto him0 79 place ( 8!y cov5ant$ ) him =07 8?irty pieces ( silv]0 7,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #ae7 is ano!r ( ^? plausible mi/akes1 into :i* a little le>n+ 7prov]bially 8a dang]\s ?+07 is = ev] conduct+ its un=tunate possessor2 b f :i* x 0 to h be5 expect$ t ! und\bt$ atta9m5ts ( "s :o frequ5t$ ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] w\ld h effectually pres]v$ ! ,revisioni/s4 ,t is int5d$ to recal ,ze*4 xi4 #ab1 is obvi\s2 z well z t !re x ref]s to ! anci5t practice ( weigh+ unco9$ money4 ,x does n1 h[ev]1 by any means foll[1 t x 0 cu/om>y to weigh %ekels 9 ! days ( ! ,gospel4 ,co9$ money1 9 fact1 0 nev] weigh$1 b always c\nt$2 & ^! 7 %ekels1 i4e4 didra*ms 7,mat?4 xvii4 #bd74 ,! tru? 7x lies on ! surface7 is1 t !re exi/s a happy ambiguity ab\t ! ^w 1 ( :i* ! ,evangeli/ has n be5 sl[ to avail himself4 ,9 ! p>ticul> case be=e u1 x is expressly record$ t 9 ! fir/ in/ance money did n pass1--only a b>ga9 0 made1 & a c]ta9 sum promis$4 ,s4 ,m>k's record is t ! *ief prie/s 7 glad at ! proposal ( ,judas1 8& promis$ to give him money0 7xiv4 #aa73 ,s4 ,luke's1 t 8!y cov5ant$0 to d s 7xxii4 #e1 #f74 ,& ) ?is1 ! /atem5t ( ! fir/ ,evangeli/ is f\nd to be 9 /ricte/ agreem5t4 ,! *ief ,prie/s 8set0 or 8appo9t$07#dhi7 him a c]ta9 sum4 ,! p]fectly accurate r5d]+ ( ,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #ae1 !re=e1 exhibit$ by our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 has be5 set aside to make way = a misrepres5tation ( ! ,evangeli/'s mean+4 8,9 ! judgm5t ( ! mo/ compet5t s*ol>s10 0 8su* *ange ,,necess>y08 7g7 ,we respectfully ?9k t x w\ld h be5 m becom+ 9 su* a company z t :i* assembl$ 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 z well z m consi/5t ) _! ,in/ructions1 if 9 d\btful cases !y _h ab/a9$ f t\*+ ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 b _h record$ _! own conjectural em5dations 9 ! m>g94 ,h[ ra% & infelicit\s1 = example1 is ! foll[+ r5d]+ ( ! fam\s words 9 ,acts xxvi4 #bh1 #bi1 :i* we f9d ?ru/ ^u u )\t apology or explanation2 )\t1 9 fact1 any m>g9al note at all3--8,& ,agrippa said unto ,paul1 ,) b little p]suasion ?\ w\lde/ fa9 make me a ,*ri/ian4 ,& ,paul said1 ,i w\ld to ,,god1 t :e!r ) little or ) mu*10 c4 ,n[ ?is is indef5sible4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 to get any su* mean+ out ( ! words1 our ,revisioni/s h be5 oblig$ to sub/itute ! fabricat$ 7! peculi> prop]ty ( ,a ,b & a few cursives7 = 9 v]4 #bh4 ,moreov]1 ev5 s1 ! words d n yield ! requir$ s5se4 ,we v5ture to po9t out1 t ?is is precisely "o ( ! occasions :]e ! op9ion ( a fir/-rate ,greek ,fa!r is ( p>am\nt importance4 ,! mod]ns confess !mselves unable to discov] a s+le in/ance ( ! phrase 9 ! s5se ( 8)9 a little40 ,cyril ( ,j]usalem 7,a4,d4 #cej7 & ,*ryso/om 7,a4,d4 #djj71 on ! contr>y1 evid5tly consid]$ t "h ! expression c mean no?+ else2 & !y 7 compet5t judges1 see+ t ,greek 0 _! native language3 f> bett] judges 7be x rem>k$ 9 pass+7 on a po9t ( ?is k9d ?an ! :ole body ( ,revisioni/s put toge!r4 8,su* an am\nt ( victori\s grace & wisdom did ,paul d]ive f ! ,,holy ,,_s0 7says ,cyril71 8t ev5 ,k+ ,agrippa at la/ exclaim$107#dij7 c4 ,f :i* x is evid5t t ,cyril reg>d$ ,agrippa's words z an av[al t he 0 well-nigh ov]come by ! ,apo/le's argum5t4 ,& s ,*ryso/om17#dia7 :o says pla9ly t means 8)9 a little107#dib7 & assumes t 8)9 a little0 ,s4 ,paul _h p]suad$ 8 judge47#dic7 ,he ev5 puts into ,agrippa's m\?47#did7 ,s also1 9 effect1 ,!odoret47#die7 ,f all :i* x is reasonable1 9 ! abs5ce ( any evid5ce to ! contr>y1 to inf] t our ,a4 ,v4 reflects fai?fully :at 0 ! ,*ur*'s tradition>y int]pretation ( ,acts xxvi4 #bh 9 ! fir/ half ( ! f\r? c5tury4 ,let x only be add$ t a bett] judge ( su* matt]s ?an any :o frequ5t$ ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]--! late ,presid5t ( ,magdal51 ,dr4 ,r\?1--writes3 8,v]t5dum esse sequ5tia suad5t1 ,me f]e ,*ri/ianum fi]i suades4 ,int]p4 ,vulgata habet1 ,9 modico suades me ,*ri/ianum fi]i407#dif7 ,yes1 ! ,apo/le's rejo9d] fixes ! mean+ ( :at ,agrippa _h said be=e4--,& ?is %all suffice4 ,we pass on1 only repeat+ our dev\t wi% t :at ! ,revisioni/s fail$ to und]/&1 or 7 unable mat]ially & c]ta9ly to improve1 !y w\ld h be5 s oblig+ z to let alone4 ,9 ! pres5t in/ance ! ,a4 ,v4 is probably "r2 ! ,r4 ,v41 probably wrong4 ,no "o1 at all ev5ts1 c pret5d t ! r5d]+ ) :i* we are all famili> is 8a pla9 & cle> error40 ,& confess$ly1 unless x 01 x %\ld h be5 left unmole/$4 ,b to proce$4 7#d7 & 7#e7 ,!re c be no "q z to ! absolute duty ( r5d]+ id5tical expressions 9 /rictly p>allel places ( ! ,gospels by /rictly id5tical language4 ,s f> we are :olly at "o ) ! ,revisioni/s4 ,b 8alt]ations suppos$ to be r5d]$ necess>y by consequ5ce0 7,preface1 iii4 #b471 are q a diff]5t matt]3 & we v5ture to ?9k t x is precisely 9 _! pursuit ( a me*anical uni=mity ( r5d]+1 t our ,revisioni/s h mo/ (t5 z well z mo/ griev\sly lo/ _! way4 ,we diff] f !m 9 fact 9 lim9e4 8,:5 a p>ticul> ^w0 7say !y7 8is f\nd to recur ) *>act]i/ic frequ5cy 9 any "o ( ! ,sacr$ ,writ]s1 x is obvi\sly desirable to adopt = x "s uni=m r5d]+0 7iii4 #b74 8,desirable06 ,yes1 b 9 :at s5se8 ,x is mu* to be desir$1 no d\bt1 t ! ,engli% language always conta9$ ! exact c\nt]p>ts ( ,greek words3 & ( c\rse1 if x did1 x w\ld be 9 ! highe/ degree 8desirable0 t a ,translator %\ld always employ ^? words & no o!r4 ,b !n x happ5s un=tunately t precisely equival5t words d n exi/4 1 n9e times out ( t5 signifies no?+ else b 8*ild40 ,on ! t5? occasion1 h[ev]1 7e4g4 :]e ,abraham is address+ ! ri* man 9 ,hades17 x w\ld be absurd s to r5d] x4 ,we translate 8,son40 ,we are 9 fact )\t *oice4--,take ano!r ord9>y ,greek t]m1 1 :i* occurs #aa times 9 ! ,n4 ,t41 & :i* ! ,a4 ,v4 uni=mly r5d]s 8b[els40 ,well1 & 8b[els0 confess$ly are4 ,yet h our ,revisioni/s felt !mselves "u ! 8necessity0 ( r5d]+ ! ^w 8he>t10 9 ,col4 iii4 #ab1--8v he>t10 9 ,philemon1 v]4 #ab1--8;affections0 9 #b ,cor4 vi4 #ab1--8;inw>d affection10 9 vii4 #ae1--8t5d] m]cies0 9 ,phil4 i4 #h1--8;compassion0 9 #a ,jo4 iii4 #ag1--8;b[els0 only 9 ,acts i4 #ah4--,^! le>n$ m51 h[ev]1 put =w>d 9 illu/ration ( _! own pr9ciple ( translation1 ! ^w 1--:i* occurs ab\t #hj times 9 ! ,n4 ,t43 ne>ly half ! in/ances be+ f\nd 9 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel4 ,we accept _! *all5ge2 & ass]t t x is ta/eless b>b>ism to seek to impose ^u 1--no matt] :at ! context 9 :i* x /&s1--! s5se ( 8/raightway10--only because 1 ! adjective1 g5]ally 7n always7 means 8/raight40 ,:]e a miracle ( heal+ is describ$ 7z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 viii4 #c3 xx4 #cd4 ,s4 ,lu4 v4 #ac71 s9ce ! b5efit 0 no d\bt in/antane\s1 x is surely ! m]e in/9ct ( 8fai?fulness0 to translate 8imm$iately40 ,s1 9 respect ( ! sudd5 act :i* sav$ ,pet] f s9k+ 7,s4 ,mat?4 xiv4 #ca72 & t punctual cock-cr[ 7xxvi4 #gd71 :i* 7,s4 ,luke says7 did n s mu* foll[1 z accompany 8 d5ial 7xxii4 #fj74 ,b surely n s1 :5 ! gr[? ( a se$ is ! ?+ spok5 ( 7,mat?4 xiii4 #e76 ,acts aga91 :i* mu/ ne$s h occupi$ "s little "t 9 ! do+1 reasonably sugge/ "s su* r5d]+ z 8=?)0 or 8/raightway10--7e4g4 ,s4 ,mat?4 xiv4 #bb3 xxi4 #b3 & ,s4 ,john vi4 #ba73 :ile1 9 #c ,john v]4 #ad1 ! mean+ 7z ! ,revisioni/s confess7 c only be 8%ortly40444 ,s pla9 a matt] really ought n to require s _m words4 ,we repeat1 t ! ,revisioni/s set out ) a mi/ak5 ,pr9ciple4 ,!y cle>ly d n und]/& _! ,trade4 ,!y invite our att5tion to _! r5d]+ ( c]ta9 ( ! ,greek ,t5ses1 & ( ! def9ite ,article4 ,we regret to discov] t1 9 bo? respects1 _! "w is disfigur$ ?r\gh\t by *anges :i* convict a majority ( _! body alike ( an imp]fect acqua9tance ) ! g5ius ( ! ,greek language1 & ( sc>cely a mod]ate appreciation ( ! idiomatic proprieties ( _! own4 ,su* a *>ge mu/ ( necessity1 :5 x has be5 sub/antiat$1 press heavily ^u su* a "w z ! pres5t2 = x is n z :5 a solit>y error has be5 detect$1 :i* may be rectifi$4 ,a vici\s sy/em ( r5d]+ ,t5ses1 & repres5t+ ! ,greek ,article1 is sure to crop up 9 e "p ( ! und]tak+1 & mu/ occasionally be att5d$ by consequ5ces ( a s]i\s nature4 #a4 ,n[1 t we may n be misund]/ood1 we admit at once t1 9 tea*+ boys h[ to turn ,greek into ,engli%1 we insi/ t e t5se %all be m>k$ by its own appropriate sign4 ,!re is no tell+ h[ helpful x w prove 9 ! end1 t e ^w %all at fir/ h be5 r5d]$ ) pa9ful accuracy4 ,let ! ,article be mis-repres5t$--! ,prepositions c>icatur$--! ,p>ticles magnifi$1--let ! v ord] ( ! words at fir/1 7h[ev] impossible17 be religi\sly reta9$4 ,m]ciless accuracy hav+ be5 9 ?is way acquir$1 a y\? has to be untaught ^! s]vile habits4 ,he has to be rem9d$ ( ! requirem5ts ( ! ,engli% idiom1 & spe$ily becomes aw>e t ! idiomatic r5d]+ ( a ,greek au?or into ,engli%1 is a high] a*ievem5t by f>1 ?an 8 =m] slavi% endeav\r always to r5d] ! same ^w & t5se 9 ! same slavi% way4 #b4 ,b :at supremely annoys u 9 ! "w j n[ "u review is1 t ! s*oolboy me?od ( translation already notic$ is !re9 exhibit$ 9 con/ant op]ation ?r\gh\t4 ,x becomes oppressive4 ,we are nev] p]mitt$ to believe t we are 9 ! company ( ,s*ol>s :o are altoge!r ma/]s ( _! own language4 ,_! solicitude ev] seems to be tw(old3--7#a7 ,to exhibit a s+ul> indiff]5ce to ! proprieties ( ,engli% spee*1 :ile !y ma9ta9 a s]vile adh]5ce 7etymological or idiomatic1 z ! case may be7 to ! ,greek3--7#b7 ,"r or wrong1 to "p company f ,william ,tyndale & ! giants :o gave u our 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion40 ,take a few illu/rations ( :at prec$es f ! second *apt] ( ,s4 ,mat!w's ,gospel3-- 7#a47 ,?us1 9 v]4 #b1 ! correct ,engli% r5d]+ 8we h se50 is made to give place to ! incorrect 8we saw 8 /> 9 ! ea/40--,9 v]4 #i1 ! idiomatic 8:5 !y _h he>d ! k+1 !y dep>t$10 is reject$ = ! unidiomatic 8,& !y1 hav+ he>d ! k+1 w5t _! way40--,9 v]4 #ae1 we are treat$ to 8t x might be fulfill$ :i* 0 spok5 by ! ,,"l ?r\gh ! prophet1 say+1 ,out ( ,egypt did ,i call my son40 ,& yet :o sees n1 t 9 bo? in/ances ! old r5d]+ is bett]8 ,important z x may be1 9 ! lecture-room1 to insi/ on :at is impli$ by 1 x is simply prepo/]\s to come abroad ) su* ref9em5ts4 ,x is to /ultify oneself & to r5d] "o's au?or un9telligible4 ,moreov]1 ! attempt to be s wondr\s lit]al is safe to break d[n at ! end ( a few v]ses4 ,?us1 if is 8?r\gh0 9 v]se #ae1--:y n 9 v]se #ag & 9 v]se #bc8 7#b47 ,note h[ infelicit\sly1 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 ii4 #a1 8!re came wise m5 f ! ea/0 is *ang$ into 8wise m5 f ! ea/ came40--,9 v]4 #d1 ! accurate1 8,& :5 ,h]od _h ga!r$ toge!r0 77 c41 is displac$ = ! inaccurate1 8,& ga!r+ toge!r0 c4--,9 v]4 #f1 we are pres5t$ ) ! un9telligible1 8,& ?\ ,be?lehem1 l& ( ,judah30 :ile 9 v]4 #g1 8,!n ,h]od privily call$ ! wise m51 & le>n$ ( !m c>efully10 is improp]ly put 9 ! place ( 8,!n ,h]od1 :5 he _h privily call$ ! wise m51 enquir$ ( !m dilig5tly0 7 74--,9 v]4 #aa1 ! famili> 8,& :5 !y 7 come into ! h\se1 !y saw0 c41 is ne$lessly *ang$ into 8,!y came into ! h\se1 & saw30 :ile 8& :5 !y _h op5$ 77 _! treasures10 is also ne$lessly alt]$ into 8& op5+ _! treasures40--,9 v]4 #ab1 ! ,r4 ,v4 is c>eful to pr9t 8( ,,god0 9 italics1 :]e italics are n necess>y3 see+ t implies 8be+ w>n$ ( ,,god0 7z ! translators ( #afaa 7 well aw>e7#dig773 :]eas 9 c\ntless o!r places ! same ,revisioni/s reject ! use ( italics :]e italics are absolutely requir$4--,_! 8until ,i tell !e0 79 v]4 #ac7 is a mo/ unwor?y sub/itute = 8until ,i br+ !e ^w40--,& w !y pret5d t !y h improv$ ! r5d]+ ( ! conclud+ words ( ! *apt]8 ,if does n mean 8,he %all be call$ a ,naz>5e10 :at 9 ! _w does x mean8 ,! ( quotation !y else:]e omit4 ,!n :y1 "h1--8,t x might be fulfill$ 444 t08--,surely1 e "o ( ^! is an alt]ation made = alt]ation's sake1 & 9 e in/ance = ! worse4 ,we began by survey+ ! ,greek ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,s4 ,mat!w's ,gospel4 ,we h n[ survey$ ! ,engli% ( ! second *apt]4 ,:at does ! ,read] ?9k ( ! result8 ,,iv4 ,next1 ! ,revisioni/s invite att5tion to c]ta9 po9ts ( detail3 & fir/1 to _! r5d]+ ( ,,! ,,t5ses ,,( ,,! ,,v]b4 ,!y beg9 ) ! ,greek ,aori/1--79 _! acc\nt7 8p]haps ! mo/ important0 detail ( all3-- 8,we h n attempt$ to violate ! idiom ( our language by =ms ( expression :i* x w\ld n be>4 ,b we h (t5 v5tur$ to repres5t ! ,greek aori/ by ! ,engli% pret]ite1 ev5 :5 ! read] may f9d "s pass+ difficulty 9 su* a r5d]+1 because we h felt conv9c$ t ! true mean+ ( ! orig9al 0 obscur$ by ! pres5ce ( ! famili> auxili>y4 ,a rem>kable illu/ration may be f\nd 9 ! sev5te5? *apt] ( ,s4 ,john's ,gospel40--,preface1 iii4 #b1--7latt] "p74 7a7 ,we turn to ! place indicat$1 & are con/ra9$ to assure ^! well-int5tion$ m51 t ! ph5om5on we !re witness is absolutely fatal to _! pret5sions z 8,revis]s0 ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,7 x only 8"s pass+ difficulty0 :i* _! me?od occasions u1 we might h hop$ t "t w\ld enable u to ov]come x4 ,b s9ce x is ! g5ius ( ! ,engli% language to :i* we f9d !y h (f]$ viol5ce2 ! fix$ & univ]sally-und]/ood idiom ( our native tongue :i* !y h sy/ematically set at defiance2 ! matt] is absolutely )\t rem$y4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,a4 ,v4 & ! ,r4 ,v4 seems to ourselves to be simply ?is1--t ! r5d]+s 9 ! =m] are ! idiomatic ,engli% repres5tations ( c]ta9 well-und]/ood ,greek t5ses3 :ile ! propos$ sub/itutes are no?+ else b ! p$antic ef=ts ( m]e gramm>ians to reproduce 9 ano!r language idioms :i* x abhors4 ,b ! ,read] %all judge = himself3 = ?is at lea/ is a po9t on :i* e educat$ ,engli%man is fully compet5t to pass s5t5ce4 ,:5 our ,div9e ,,"l1 at ! close ( ,8 ,m9i/ry1--7,he _h 9 fact rea*$ ! v la/ night ( ,8 e>?ly life1 & x want$ b a few h\rs ( ,8 ,passion17--:5 ,he1 at su* a mom5t1 address+ ! ,et]nal ,,fa!r1 says1 2 444 1 c4 ,jo4 xvii4 #d1 #f1 !re c be no d\bt :atev] t1 _h ,he pron\nc$ ^? words 9 ,engli%1 ,he w\ld h said 7) our ,a4 ,v47 8,i h glorifi$ ,!e on ! e>?3 ,i h f9i%$ ! "w30 8,i h manife/$ ,?y ,"n40 ,! p$antry :i* 7on ! plea t ! ,evangeli/ employs ! aori/1 n ! p]fect t5se17 w\ld twi/ all ?is into ! indef9ite pa/1--8,i glorifi$0 444 8,i f9i%$0 444 8,i manife/$10--we pron\nce altoge!r insuff]able4 ,we absolutely refuse x a he>+4 ,pres5tly 79 v]4 #ad7 ,he says1--8,i h giv5 !m ,?y ^w2 & ! _w ha? hat$ !m40 ,& 9 v]4 #be1--8,o righte\s ,,fa!r1 ! _w ha? n kn[n ,!e2 b ,i h kn[n ,!e1 & ^! h kn[n t ,?\ ha/ s5t ,me40 ,:o w\ld cons5t to sub/itute = ^! expressions1--8! _w hat$ !m30 & 8! _w knew ,!e n1 b ,i knew ,!e2 & ^! knew t ,?\ did/ s5d ,me08--,or turn to ano!r ,gospel4 ,:i* is bett]1--8,"s "o ha? t\*$ ,me3 = ,i p]ceive t virtue is gone out ( ,me10 7,s4 ,lu4 viii4 #df73--or1--8,"s "o did t\* ,me3 = ,i p]ceiv$ t p[] _h gone =? f ,me08 ,:5 ! ref]5ce is to an act s extremely rec5t1 :o is n aw>e t ! second ( ^! r5d]+s is abhorr5t to ! g5ius ( ! ,engli% language8 ,z = 1 x is 7l novi 9 ,lat97 pres5t 9 s5se ?\gh pa/ 9 =m1--"h z 9 ,s4 ,lu4 xvi4 #c4--;,b turn to yet ano!r ,gospel4 ,:i* is bett] 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xvi4 #g3--8we took no bread10 or 8,x is because we h tak5 no bread08--,aga94 ,:5 ,simon ,pet] 79 reply to ! comm& t he %\ld ?ru/ out into deep wat] & let d[n 8 net = a draught17 is he>d to exclaim1--8,ma/]1 we h toil$ all ! night1 & h tak5 no?+3 nev]!less at ,?y ^w ,i w let d[n ! net0 7,lu4 v4 #e71--:o w\ld tol]ate ! proposal to put 9 ! place ( x1--8,ma/]1 we toil$ all night1 & took no?+3 b at ,?y ^w10 c4 ,x is n too mu* to decl>e t ! idiom ( ! ,engli% language refuses p]emptorily to submit to su* h&l+4 ,q 9 va9 is x to enc\nt] u ) rem9d] t & are aori/s4 ,! answ] is1--,we "k x3 b we d5y t x foll[s t ! words are to be r5d]$ 8we toil$ all night1 & took no?+40 ,!re are laws ( ,engli% ,idiom z well z laws ( ,greek ,gramm>3 & :5 ^! cla% 9 :at is meant to be a translation into ,engli% out ( ,greek1 ! latt] mu/ p]=ce give way to ! =m]1--or we make ourselves ridicul\s1 & misrepres5t :at we propose to translate4 ,all ?is is s und5iable t x ought n to require to be insi/$ ^u4 ,b 9 fact our ,revisioni/s by _! occasional practice %[ t !y fully admit ! ,pr9ciple we are cont5d+ =4 ,?us1 79 ,s4 ,jo4 xx4 #b & #ac7 is by !m translat$ 8!y h tak530-- 2 7,s4 ,matt4 xxvii4 #df7 8,:y ha/ ,?\ =sak5 ,me807#dih73-- 7,s4 ,jo4 x4 #cb7 8h ,i %[$30-- 7vi4 #bi7 8,he ha? s5t30-- 7,james ii4 #f7 8ye h di%on\r$30-- 7,acts x4 #ae7 8ha? cleans$30-- 7xvii4 #ca7 8,he ha? appo9t$40 ,b inde$ in/ances ab\nd ev]y:]e4 ,9 fact1 ! requirem5ts ( ! case are (t5 obs]v$ to =ce !m to be idiomatic4 2 79 ,jo4 xviii4 #ce71 !y rightly r5d] 8,:at ha/ ?\ done803--& 79 #a ,jo4 ii4 #ad1 #ba71 8,i h writt520--& 79 ,acts ix4 #ac71 8,i h he>d40--,on ! o!r h&1 by translat+ 79 ,acts xxviii4 #d71 8ha? n suff]$10 !y may be ?\ght to h ov]%ot ! m>k4 ,!y seem to h ov]look$ ! fact t1 :5 once ,s4 ,paul _h be5 bitt5 by ! vip]1 8! b>b>ians0 look$ ^u him z a dead man2 & !re=e disc\rs$ ab\t :at ,ju/ice 8did n suff]10 z ab\t an entirely pa/ transaction4 ,b n[1 ,:o sees n t ! admission1 once & aga9 delib]ately made1 t sometimes x is n only lawful1 b ev5 necess>y1 to accommodate ! ,greek aori/ 7:5 translat$ into ,engli%7 ) ! sign ( ! p]fect1--r$uces ! :ole matt] 7( ! signs ( ! t5ses7 to a m]e "q ( ,ta/e8 ,9 view ( su* in/ances z ! =ego+1 :]e sev]e logical necessity has compell$ ! ,revisioni/s to ab&on _! position & fly1 x is pla9 t _! cont5tion is at an end1--s f> z "r & wrong are conc]n$4 ,!y virtually admit t !y h be5 all along unju/ly =c+ on an indep5d5t language an ali5 yoke47#dii7 ,h5ce=?1 x simply becomes a "q to be repeat$1 z e fre% em]g5cy arises1--,:i* !n is ! m idiomatic ( ^! two ,engli% r5d]+s8444 ,conv]sely1 twice at lea/ 7,heb4 xi4 #ag & #bh71 ! ,revisioni/s h repres5t$ ! ,greek p]fect by ! ,engli% indef9ite pret]ite4 7b7 ,besides ?is (f5sive p$antry 9 respect ( ! ,aori/1 we are (t5 annoy$ by an unidiomatic r5d]+ ( ! ,imp]fect4 ,true en\gh x is t 8! s]vants & ! (fic]s 7 /&+ 444 & 7 w>m+ !mselves30 ,pet] also 80 /&+ ) !m & 0 w>m+ himself0 7,s4 ,jo4 xviii4 #ah74 ,b we d n s express ourselves 9 ,engli%1 unless we are ab\t to add some?+ :i* %all acc\nt = our p>ticul>ity & precision4 ,any "o1 = example1 desir\s ( /at+ :at _h be5 = ye>s 8 daily practice1 w\ld say--8,i left my h\se40 ,only :5 he want$ to expla9 t1 on leav+ x = ! #ajjj? "t1 he met a fri5d com+ up ! /eps to pay him a visit1 w\ld an ,engli%man ?9k ( say+1 8,i 0 leav+ ! h\se40 ,a ,greek writ]1 on ! o!r h&1 w\ld n tru/ ?is to ! imp]fect4 ,he w\ld use ! pres5t p>ticiple 9 ! dative case1 78,to me1 leav+ my h\se107#ejj7 c474 ,"o is a/oni%$ to h to expla9 su* ?+s4444 8,if !re=e ?\ art (f]+ ?y gift at ! alt>0 7,matt4 v4 #bc71 may seem to "s a clev] translation4 ,to ourselves1 x reads l a s5seless exagg]ation ( ! orig9al47#eja7 ,x s\nds 7& is7 z unnatural z to say 79 ,s4 ,lu4 ii4 #cc7 8,& ,8 fa!r a depravation ( ! text & ,8 "m 7 m>vell+ at ! ?+s :i* 7 spok5 conc]n+ ,him30--or 79 ,heb4 xi4 #ag7 8yea1 he t _h receiv$ ! promises 0 (f]+ up 8 only-begott5 son30--or1 ( ! cripple at ,ly/ra 7,acts xiv4 #i71 8! same he>d ,paul speak+40 7c7 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re are occasions confess$ly :5 ! ,greek ,aori/ absolutely dem&s to be r5d]$ into ,engli% by ! sign ( ! ,plup]fect4 ,an in/ance meets u :ile we write3 7,s4 ,lu4 v4 #d71--:]e our ,revisioni/s are f\nd to reta9 ! idiomatic r5d]+ ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1--8,:5 ,he _h left speak+40 ,( :at possible avail c\ld x be1 on su* an occasion1 to insi/ t1 because is n 9 ! plup]fect t5se1 x may n be accommodat$ ) ! sign ( ! plup]fect :5 x is be+ translat$ into ,engli%8--,! ,r4 ,v4 has %[n less consid]ation 9 ,s4 ,jo4 xviii4 #bd1--:]e 8,n[ ,annas _h s5t ,him b\nd unto ,caiaphas ! high prie/10 is "r1 & want$ no revision4--,su* places z ,mat?4 xxvii4 #fj1 ,jo4 xxi4 #ae1 ,acts xii4 #ag1 & ,heb4 iv4 #h1 on ! o!r h&1 simply defy ! ,revisioni/s4 ,= p]=ce ,joseph 8_h hewn out0 77 ! new tomb :i* became our ,,"l',s3 & ! sev5 ,apo/les1 confess$ly1 8_h d9$0 773 & ,s4 ,pet]1 ( c\rse1 8decl>$ unto !m h[ ! ,,"l _h br\ght him out ( ! prison0 773 & x is impossible to sub/itute any?+ = 8,if ,jesus ,jo%ua _h giv5 !m re/0 774--,!n ( c\rse !re are occasions1 7n a few17 :]e ! ,aori/ 7(t5 an indef9ite pres5t 9 ,greek7 claims to be ,engli%$ by ! sign ( ! pres5t t5se3 z :]e ,s4 ,john says 7,rev4 xix4 #f71 8,! ,,"l ,,god ,omnipot5t reigne?0 774 ,!re is no /riv+ aga9/ su* in/ances4 ,!y insi/ on be+ r5d]$ accord+ to ! g5ius ( ! language into :i* x is propos$ to r5d] !m3--z :5 79 ,s4 ,jo4 xx4 #ab7 exacts = its r5d]+ 8_h la940 7d7 ,x %all only be po9t$ out "h 9 addition1 = ! /ud5t's b5efit1 t !re is "o highly int]e/+ place 7viz4 ,s4 ,mat?4 xxviii4 #b71 :i* 9 e age has misl$ ,critics & ,div9es 7z ,orig5 & ,eusebius72 ,poets 7z ,rog]s72 ,pa9t]s 7z ,we/72--yes1 & w cont9ue to mislead read]s = _m a ye> to come3--& all because m5 h fail$ to p]ceive t ! aori/ is us$ !re = ! plup]fect4 ,translate1--8,!re _h be5 a great e>?quake30 & s 7#afaa-ahha7 our m>g91--until 9 %ort 8! ,revisioni/s0 int]f]$3 8= ! ,angel ( ! ,,"l _h desc5d$ f heav51 & come & roll$ away 77 ! /one f ! door1 & sat ^u x40 ,/range1 t = #ahjj ye>s ,comm5tators %\ld h fail$ to p]ceive t ! ,evangeli/ is describ+ :at t]rifi$ 8! keep]s40 8,! wom50 saw no ,angel sitt+ ^u ! /one6--?\gh ,orig517#ejb7--;,dionysius ( ,alex&ria17#ejc7--;,eusebius17#ejd7--ps4 -,gregory ,naz417#eje7--;,cyril ,alex417#ejf7--;,hesy*ius17#ejg7--;& s _m o!rs--h tak5 x = grant$ t !y did4 7e7 ,!n fur!r1 7to dismiss ! subject & pass on17--,!re are occasions :]e ! ,greek p]fect exacts ! sign ( ! pres5t at ! h&s ( ! ,engli% translator3 z :5 ,m>?a says1--8,yea ,,"l1 ,i believe t ,?\ art ! ,,*ri/0 7,s4 ,jo4 xi4 #bg747ejh7 ,:at else b ! v]ie/ p$antry is x to ?ru/ 9 !re 8,i h believ$10 z ! ,engli% equival5t = 8--,j z intol]able is ! (fici\sness :i* w\ld ?ru/ into ! ,,"l',s pray] 7,matt4 vi4 #ab71 8z we also h =giv5 77 our debtors407#eji7--,on ! o!r h&1 !re are ,greek pres5ts 7:atev] ! ,revisioni/s may ?9k7 :i* are j z p]emptory 9 requir+ ! sign ( ! future1 at ! h&s ( ! idiomatic translator into ,engli%4 ,?ree su* cases are f\nd 9 ,s4 ,jo4 xvi4 #af1 #ag1 #ai4 ,surely1 ! future is inh]5t 9 ! pres5t 6 ,9 ,jo4 xiv4 #ah 7& _m simil> places71 :o c endure1 8,i w n leave y desolate3 ,i come unto y08 7f7 ,b in/ances ab\nd4 ,h[ does x happ5 t ! inaccurate r5d]+ ( ----has be5 reta9$ 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 iii4 #aj1 ,s4 ,lu4 iii4 #i8 ,v4 ,next1 conc]n+ ! ,,def9ite ,,article2 9 ! case ( :i*1 7say ! ,revisioni/s17 8_m *anges h be5 made40 8,we h be5 c>eful to obs]ve ! use ( ! ,article :]ev] x seem$ to be idiomatically possible3 :]e x did n seem to be possible1 we h yield$ to necessity40--7,preface1 iii4 #b1--;ad f947 ,9 reply1 in/ead ( (f]+ c\nt]-/atem5ts ( our own we cont5t ourselves ) submitt+ a few specim5s to ! ,read]'s judgm5t2 & invite him to decide betwe5 ! ,review] & ! ,review$ 444 8,! s[] w5t =? to s[0 7,mat?4 xiii4 #c74--8;,x is great] ?an ! h]bs0 7v]4 #cb74--8,let him be to !e z ! ,g5tile & ! publican0 7xviii4 #ag74--8,! unclean _s1 :5 he is gone out ( ! man0 7xii4 #dc74--8;,did ,i n *oose y ! twelve80 7,jo4 vi4 #gj74--8;,if ,i !n1 ! ,"l & ! ma/]0 7xiii4 #ad74--8;,= ! joy t a man is born into ! _w0 7xvi4 #ba74--8;,b z t\*+ ,apollos ! bro!r0 7#a ,cor4 xvi4 #ab74--8,! ,bi%op mu/ be blameless 444 able to exhort 9 ! s\nd doctr9e0 7,titus i4 #g1 #i74--8,! lu/ :5 x ha? conceiv$1 be>e? s93 & ! s91 :5 x is full gr[n0 c4 7,james i4 #ae74--8;,do? ! f\nta9 s5d =? f ! same op5+ sweet wat] & bitt]80 7iii4 #aa74--8,speak ?\ ! ?+s :i* befit ! s\nd doctr9e0 7,titus ii4 #a74--8,! "t w come :5 !y w n endure ! s\nd doctr9e0 7#b ,tim4 iv4 #c74--8,we _h ! fa!rs ( our fle% to *a/5 u0 7,heb4 xii4 #i74--8;,foll[ aft] peace ) all m51 & ! sanctification0 7v]4 #ad74--8,:o is ! li> b he t d5ie? t ,,jesus is ! ,,*ri/80 7#a ,jo4 ii4 #bb74--8,n ) ! wat] only1 b ) ! wat] & ) ! blood0 7v4 #f74--8;,he t ha? ! ,,son1 ha? ! life3 he t ha? n ! ,,son ( ,,god ha? n ! life0 7v]4 #ab74 ,to rejo91 z if x 7 a suffici5t answ]1 t ! def9ite ,article is f\nd 9 all ^! places 9 ! orig9al ,greek1--is prepo/]\s4 ,9 ,fr5* also we say 8,telle e/ la vie30 b1 9 translat+ f ! ,fr5*1 we d n !re=e say 8,su* is ! life40 ,may we1 )\t (f5ce1 sugge/ ! /udy ( ,middleton ,on ! ,doctr9e ( ! ,greek ,article to ^? memb]s ( ! ,revisioni/s' body :o h fav\r$ u ) ! =ego+ crop ( mi/ak5 r5d]+s8 ,s1 9 respect ( ! indef9ite article1 we are pres5t$ )1--8,an et]nal0 7= 8! ev]la/+07 8gospel to proclaim0 7,rev4 xiv4 #f73--;& 8"o l unto a son ( man10 = 8"o l unto ! ,son ( ,man0 9 v]4 #ad4--,:y 8a ,,savi\r0 9 ,phil4 iii4 #bj8 ,!re is b "o6 7,acts iv4 #ab74--,on ! o!r h&1 is r5d]$ 8,! skull0 9 ,s4 ,lu4 xxiii4 #cc4 ,x is h>d to see :y4--,^! in/ances tak5 at r&om mu/ suffice4 ,!y might be multipli$ to any ext5t4 ,if ! ,read] consid]s t ! idiomatic use ( ! ,engli% ,article is und]/ood by ! au?ors ( ^! specim5 cases1 we %all be surpris$1 & sorry--= him4 ,,vi4 ,! ,revisioni/s ann\nce t !y 8h be5 p>ticul>ly c>eful0 z to ,,! ,,pron\ns iii4 #b ad f94 ,we recal ) regret t ?is is also a p>ticul> :]e9 we h be5 specially annoy$ & (f5d$4 ,annoy$--at _! practice ( repeat+ ! nom9ative 7e4g4 9 ,mk4 i4 #ac3 ,jo4 xx4 #ab7 to an ext5t unkn[n1 abhorr5t ev51 to our language1 except inde$ :5 a fre% sub/antive /atem5t is made3 (f5d$--at _! lic5se ( translation1 :5 x suits !m to be lic5ti\s4--,?us1 7z ! ,bp4 ( ,s4 ,&rews has well po9t$ out17 8x is ,he t0 is an incorrect translation ( 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #ba1--;a fam\s passage4 ,ev5 worse1 because x is unfair1 is 8,he :o0 z ! r5d]+ ( 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1--;ano!r fam\s passage1 :i* we h discuss$ else:]e47#eaj7 ,,vii4 ',9 ! case ( ! ,,p>ticles' 7say ! ,revisioni/s71 8we h be5 able to ma9ta9 a reasonable am\nt ( consi/5cy4 ,! ,p>ticles 9 ! ,greek ,te/am5t are1 z is well kn[n1 comp>atively few1 & !y are commonly us$ ) precision4 ,x has !re=e be5 ! m necess>y "h to pres]ve a g5]al uni=mity ( r5d]+40--7iii4 #b ad f947 ,su* an ann\ncem5t1 we submit1 is calculat$ to occasion no?+ s mu* z uneas9ess & a/oni%m5t4 ,( all ! p>ts ( spee*1 ! ,greek ,p>ticles1--7especially ?r\gh\t ! p]iod :5 ! ,language 0 9 its decad5ce17--are ! lea/ capable ( be+ drill$ into 8a g5]al uni=mity ( r5d]+20 & he :o tries ! exp]im5t ought to be ! fir/ to be aw>e ( ! fact4 ,! ref9em5t & delicacy :i* !y imp>t to a n>rative or a s5tim5t1 are n to be told4 ,b !n1 f ! v nature ( ! case1 8uni=mity ( r5d]+0 is precisely ! ?+ !y w n submit to4 ,!y take _! col\r f _! context3 (t5 mean two q diff]5t ?+s 9 ! c\rse ( two successive v]ses3 sometimes are be/ r5d]$ by a long & =midable ^w27#eaa7 sometimes _c 7)\t a c]ta9 am\nt ( impropriety or inconv5i5ce7 be r5d]$ at all47#eab7 ,let u illu/rate :at we h be5 say+ by actual appeals to ,scripture4 7#a7 ,& fir/1 we w d]ive our pro(s f ! use :i* ! sacr$ ,writ]s make ( ! p>ticle ( mo/ frequ5t recurr5ce--4 ,x is said to be employ$ 9 ! ,n4 ,t4 #caae times4 ,z = its mean+1 we h ! unimpea*able au?ority ( ! ,revisioni/s !mselves = say+ t x may be repres5t$ by any ( ! foll[+ words3--8b10--8&107#eac7--8yea107#ead7-- 8:at107#eae7--8n[107#eaf7--8;& t017#eag7--8;h[beit107#eah7--8;ev5107#ea i7--8!re=e107#ebj7--8;,i say107#eba7--8;also107#ebb7--8yet107#ebc 7--8;=407#ebd7 ,to :i* #ab r5d]+s1 ,k+ ,james's translators 7mo/ly foll[+ ,tyndale7 are obs]v$ to add at lea/ ^! o!r #ab3--8:]e=e107#ebe7--8s107#ebf7--8moreo v]107#ebg7--8yea &107#ebh7--8;fur!rmore107#ebi7--8nev]!le ss107#ecj7--8not)/&+107#eca7--8yet b107#ecb7--8truly107#ecc7--8or107#ecd7-- 8;z =107#ece7--8!n107#ecf7--8;& yet407#ecg7 ,x %all suffice to add t1 by ! pitiful sub/itution ( 8b0 or 8&0 on mo/ ( ! =ego+ occasions1 ! fre%ness & fre$om ( almo/ e passage has be5 made to disappe>3 ! pla9 fact be+ t ! m5 ( #afaa--;above all1 t ,william ,tyndale #gg ye>s be=e !m--produc$ a "w ( real g5ius2 seiz+ ) g5]\s w>m? ! mean+ & int5tion ( ! sacr$ ,writ]s1 & p]petually v>y+ ! phrase1 z !y felt1 or fanci$ t ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les w\ld h v>i$ x1 _h !y _h to express !mselves 9 ,engli%3 :]eas ! m5 ( #ahha h fulfill$ _! task 9 :at c only be describ$ z a _s ( s]vile p$antry4 ,! ,gramm>ian 7pure & simple7 crops up ev]y:]e4 ,we seem nev] to rise above ! atmosph]e ( ! lecture-room1--! />tl+ fact t means 8inde$10 & 8b40 ,we subjo9 a s+le specim5 ( ! c\ntless *anges introduc$ 9 ! r5d]+ ( ,p>ticles1 & !n ha/5 on4 ,9 #a ,cor4 xii4 #bj1 = ?ree c5turies & a half1 ,engli%m5 h be5 cont5t$ to read 7) ,william ,tyndale71 8,b n[ are !y _m memb]s1 ,,yet ,,b "o body40 ,our ,revisioni/s1 7ov]come by ! k t means 8b10 & yield+ to ! suppos$ 8necessity = pres]v+ a g5]al uni=mity ( r5d]+107 sub/itute1--8,b n[ !y are _m memb]s1 b "o body40 ,comm5t ought to be sup]flu\s4 ,we nei!r ov]look ! fact t occurs "h twice1 nor d5y t x is fairly repres5t$ by 8b0 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,we ass]t nev]!less t1 on ! second occasion1 8,,yet ,,b0 ought to h be5 let alone4 ,& ?is is a fair sample ( ! *anges :i* h be5 effect$ _m times 9 e page4 ,to proce$ h[ev]4 7#b7 ,! int]rogative p>ticle occurs at ! beg9n+ ( a s5t5ce at lea/ #h or #aj times 9 ! ,n4 ,t42 fir/1 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 vii4 #i4 ,x is (t5 sc>cely translateable1--be+ app>5tly inve/$ ) ) no m emphasis ?an belongs to our colloquial int]rogative 8,eh80 ,b sometimes x w\ld evid5tly be> to be repres5t$ by 8,pray107#ech7--;be+ at lea/ equival5t to 9 ,greek or age 9 ,lat94 ,once only 7viz4 9 #a ,cor4 xiv4 #cf7 does ?is int]rogative p>ticle s eloqu5tly plead = recognition 9 ! text1 t bo? our ,a4 ,v4 & ! ,r4 ,v4 h r5d]$ x 8,:at80--by :i* ^w1 by ! way1 x might v fairly h be5 repres5t$ 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #ec & ,rom4 vi4 #c3 vii4 #a4 ,9 five ( ! places :]e ! p>ticle occurs4 ,k+ ,james's ,translators are obs]v$ to h give x up 9 despair47#eci7 ,b :at is to be ?\ght ( ! adv5tur\s dulness :i* 7) ! s+le exception already indicat$7 has inv>iably r5d]$ by ! conjunction 8or08 ,! blund] is ! m inexcusable1 because ! intrusion ( su* an irrelevant conjunction into places :]e x is )\t ei!r use or mean+ _c h fail$ to attract ! notice ( e memb] ( ! ,revis+ body4 7#c7 ,at ! risk ( be+ we>isome1 we mu/ add a few words4--1 ?\gh no p>ticle b a conjunction1 may = our pres5t purpose be reasonably spok5 ( "u ! same head2 be+ div]sely r5d]$ 8&10--8& yet107#edj7--8!n107#eda7--8or107#edb7--8 nei!r107#edc7--8?\gh107#edd7--8s107#ede7 --8;b107#edf7--8;=107#edg7--8t107#edh7-- ;9 con=mity ) :at may be call$ ! g5ius ( ! ,engli% language4 ,! la/ six ( ^! r5d]+s1 h[ev]1 our ,revisioni/s disall[2 ev]y:]e ?ru/+ out ! ^w :i* ! argum5t seems r to require1 & ) me*anical precision ?ru/+ into its place e "t ! 7p]fectly safe1 b (t5 palpably inappropriate7 ^w1 8&40 ,) :at am\nt ( b5efit ?is has be5 effect$1 "o or two samples w suffici5tly illu/rate3-- 7a7 ,! ,revisioni/s in=m u t :5 8! high prie/ ,ananias comm&$ !m t /ood by him to smite him on ! m\?10--,s4 ,paul exclaim$1 8,,god %all smite !e1 ?\ :it$ wall3 ,,& sitte/ ?\ to judge me aft] ! law1 & comm&e/ me to be smitt5 contr>y to ! law807#edi7444 ,d ^! le>n$ m5 really imag9e t !y h improv$ ^u ! ,a4 ,v4 by _! (fici\sness 9 alt]+ 8,,=0 into 8,,&08 7b7 ,! same ,apo/le1 hav+ end$ 8 argum5t to ! ,hebrews1 rem>ks1--8,s we see t !y c\ld n ent] 9 because ( unbelief0 7,heb4 iii4 #ai73 = :i*1 our ,revisioni/s aga9 sub/itute 8,&40 ,beg9 ! s5t5ce ) 8,,&10 7in/ead ( 8,s107 &1 9 comp5sation = :at y h cle>ly lo/1 :at h y ga9$8444 ,once m3-- 7c7 ,consid] :at ,s4 ,paul writes conc]n+ ,apollos 79 #a ,cor4 xvi4 #ab71 & !n say :at possible advantage is obta9$ by writ+ 8,,&0 7in/ead ( 8,,b07 88 w 0 n at all to come at ?is "t04444 ,yet once m2 & on ?is occasion1 s*ol>%ip is to "s ext5t involv$3-- 7d7 ,:5 ,s4 ,james 7i4 #aa7 says 444 1--:o kn[s n t :at 8 language /rictly means 9 idiomatic ,engli%1 is1--8,no soon] does ! sun arise10 8?an x )]e? ! grass08 ,& s 9 effect our ,translators ( #afaa4 ,:at possible improvem5t on ?is c x be to sub/itute1 8,= ! sun arise? 444 ,,& )]e? ! grass08--,only once m3-- 7e7 ,?\gh und5iably means 8&10 & 1 8h[10--:o kn[s n t means 8,h[ !n80 ,& yet1 7z if a /upid little boy _h be5 at "w17 9 two places1--7namely1 9 ,s4 ,m>k iv4 #ac & ,s4 ,luke xx4 #dd17--8;,,& ,,h[0 is f\nd m]cilessly ?ru/ 91 to ! great detrim5t ( ! disc\rse2 :ile 9 o!r two1--7namely1 9 ,s4 ,john xiv4 #e & #i17--! text itself has be5 m]cilessly depriv$ ( its *>act]i/ic by ! ,revisioni/s4--,let ?is suffice4 ,"o might fill _m quires ( pap] ) su* in/ances ( ta/eless1 s5seless1 vexati\s1 & mo/ uns*ol>like innovation4 ,,viii4 8,_m *anges0 7we are in=m$7 8h be5 introduc$ 9 ! r5d]+ ( ! ,,prepositions40 ,preface1 iii4 #b1 ad f943--& we are spe$ily rem9d$ ( ! tru? ( ! /atem5t1 = 7z 0 %[n above pp4 #aee-f7 ! second *apt] ( ,s4 ,mat!w's ,gospel exhibits ! ,revisioni/s 8all a-field0 9 respect ( 4 8,we h r>ely made any *ange0 7!y add7 8:]e ! true mean+ ( ! orig9al w\ld be app>5t to a ,read] ( ord9>y intellig5ce40 ,x w\ld ( c\rse ill become su* an "o z ! pres5t ,review] to lay claim to ! =ego+ flatt]+ designation3 b really1 :5 he n[ = ! fir/ "t reads 79 ,acts ix4 #be7 t ! disciples ( ,damascus let ,s4 ,paul d[n 8?r\gh ! wall10 he mu/ be p>don$ = regrett+ ! abs5ce ( a m>g9al ref]5ce to ! hi/ory ( ,pyramus & ,?isbe 9 ord] to sugge/ h[ ! op]ation 0 effect$3 =1 z x /&s1 ! ,r4 ,v4 is to him simply un9telligible4 ,inasmu* z ! basket 77 9 :i* ! ,apo/le effect$ 8 escape 0 ( consid]able size1 d b ?9k :at an extravagantly l>ge hole x mu/ h be5 to enable !m bo? to get ?r\gh6444 ,b let u look fur!r4 ,0 x !n 9 ord] to br+ ,scripture )9 ! captus ( 8a ,read] ( ord9>y intellig5ce0 t ! ,revis]s h introduc$ no less ?an ?irty *anges into eight-&-?irty words ( ,s4 ,pet]'s #bnd ,epi/le8 ,p>ticul> att5tion is invit$ to ! foll[+ int]e/+ specim5 ( 8,revision40 ,x is ! only "o we %all (f] ( ! _m contra/s we _h m>k$ = ins]tion4 ,we v5ture also to enquire1 :e!r ! ,revis]s w cons5t to abide by x z a specim5 ( _! skill 9 deal+ ) ! ,preposition 8 ,a4 ,v4 ,r4 ,v4 8,& beside all ?is1 8,yea 7#a71 & = 7#b7 giv+ all dilig5ce1 add ?is v 7#c7 cause 7#d7 to y\r fai? virtue2 & add+ 7#e7 on 7#f7 y\r to virtue k2 & "p 7#g7 all dilig5ce1 to k temp]ance2 9 7#h7 y\r fai? supply & to temp]ance 7#i7 virtue2 & 9 7#aj7 pati5ce2 & to pati5ce y\r 7#aa7 virtue godl9ess2 & to k2 & 9 7#ab7 godl9ess bro!rly y\r 7#ac7 k k9dness2 & to temp]ance2 & 9 7#ad7 bro!rly k9dness y\r 7#ae7 temp]ance *>ity40--#b ,pet4 i4 pati5ce2 & 9 7#af7 #e-g4 y\r 7#ag7 pati5ce godl9ess2 & 9 7#ah7 y\r 7#ai7 godl9ess love 7#bj7 ( 7#ba7 ! 7#bb7 bre?r5 7#bc72 & 9 7#bd7 y\r 7#be7 love 7#bf7 ( 7#bg7 ! 7#bh7 bre?r5 7#bi7 love 7#cj740 ,! =ego+ /rikes u z a s+ul> illu/ration ( ! ,revisioni/s' /atem5t 7,preface1 iii4 #b71--8,we made no *ange if ! mean+ 0 fairly express$ by ! ^w or phrase t 0 be=e u 9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion40 ,to ourselves x appe>s t e "o ( ^? #cj *anges is a *ange = ! worse2 & t "o ( ! mo/ exquisite passages 9 ! ,n4 ,t4 has be5 hopelessly spoil$1--r5d]$ 9 fact well-nigh un9telligible1--by ! p$antic (fici\sness ( ! ,revis]s4 ,7 !y--7if ! "q be all[able7--b5t on remov+ none b 8pla9 & cle> errors10 :5 !y sub/itut$ ^? #cj words8 ,0 x 9 tok5 ( _! /]n resolve 8to introduce into ! ,text z few alt]ations z possible10 t !y sp>$ ! eight words :i* rema9 out ( ! eight-&-?irty8 ,z = _! wood5 r5d]+ ( 1 x ought to suffice to ref] !m to ,s4 ,mk4 i4 #bc1 ,s4 ,lu4 xiv4 #ca1 to prove t sometimes c only be r5d]$ 8)03--& to ,s4 ,luke vii4 #ag1 to %[ !m t sometimes means 8?r\gh\t03--& to ,col4 i4 #af1 & ,heb4 i4 #a1 #b1 9 pro( t sometimes x means 8by40--,on ! o!r h&1 _! sugge/ion t may be r5d]$ 8by0 9 ,s4 ,luke i4 #ea1 convicts !m ( n be+ aw>e t 8! pr\d-9-!-imag9ation-(-_!-he>ts0 is a phrase--9 :i* p]=ce 8by0 has no bus9ess :atev]4 ,"o is surpris$ to h to tea* pr(ess$ ,critics & ,s*ol>s an elem5t>y fact l ?is4 ,9 brief1 ^! le>n$ m5 are respectfully assur$ t !re is n "o ( ! 8,p>ts ( ,spee*0 :i* w cons5t to be h&l$ aft] ! inhumane fa%ion :i* seems to be to !mselves cong5ial4 ,:atev] !y may ?9k ( ! matt]1 x is no?+ else b absurd to speak ( an ,angel 8ca/+ 8 sickle into ! e>?0 7,rev4 xiv4 #ai74--;,z = 8 8p\r+ out 8 b[l ^u ! air0 7xvi4 #ag71--we really fail to und]/& ! nature ( ! op]ation4--,& pray1 ,:at is suppos$ to be ! mean+ ( 8! ?+s ^u ! heav5s0--9 ,ephesians i4 #aj8 ,return+ to ! preposition foll[$ by ! g5itive1--79 respect ( :i* ! ,revisioni/s *all5ge ,criticism by compla9+ 9 _! ,preface iii4 #c ad f94 t 9 ! ,a4 ,v4 8ideas ( in/rum5tality or ( m$iate ag5cy1 di/9ctly m>k$ 9 ! orig9al1 h be5 confus$ or obscur$ 9 ! ,translation107--we h to po9t out3-- 7#a/7 ,t ^! di/+ui%$ individuals seem n to be aw>e t ! proprieties ( ,engli% spee* =bid ! use ( 8?r\gh0 7z a sub/itute = 8by07 9 c]ta9 expressions :]e in/rum5tality is conc]n$4 ,?us1 8! ,son ( man0 0 n betray$ 8?r\gh0 ,judas1 b 8by0 him 7,matt4 xxvi4 #bd3 ,luke xxii4 #bb74--,/ill less is x all[able to say t a prophecy 0 8spok510 nay 8writt510 8?r\gh ! ,prophet0 7,mat?4 i4 #bb & m>g9 ( ii4 #e74 8,:o spake ,,by ! ,prophets10 is ev5 an article ( ! ,fai?4 ,& 7#bndly71--,t ^! s*ol>s h 9 consequ5ce adopt$ a see-saw me?od ( r5d]+ 1--sometimes 9 "o way1 sometimes 9 ! o!r4 ,fir/1 !y give u 8wond]s & signs done by ! ,apo/les0 7,acts ii4 #dc2 b 9 ! m>g91 8,or1 ?r\gh073 pres5tly1 8a notable miracle ha? be5 wr\ght ?r\gh !m0 7iv4 #af3 & ?is "t1 ! m>g9 )holds ! alt]native1 8,or1 by074 ,is !n 8! true mean+0 ( 8by10 9 ! =m] place1 8app>5t to a ,read] ( ord9>y intellig5ce08 b s obscure 9 ! latt] z to r5d] necess>y ! alt]ation to 8?r\gh08 ,or 7sit v5ia v]bo71--,0 x a m]e 8toss-up0 ) ! ,revisioni/s :at is ! prop] r5d]+ ( 8 7#crdly71 ,9 an e>li] place 7ii4 #bb71 we read ( 8miracles1 wond]s1 & signs0 :i* 8,,god did by0 ,,jesus ( ,naz>e?4 ,0 x rev]5ce1 :i*1 on t occasion1 =bad ! use ( 8?r\gh0--ev5 9 ! m>g98 ,we hope s3 b ! preposition is /ill ! same-- n 4 ,la/ly 7#d?ly71--,! doctr9e t ,creation is ! "w ( ! ,div9e ,,^w1 all ,scripture atte/s4 8,all ?+s 7 made by ,him0 7,s4 ,jo4 i4 #c73--8! _w 0 made by ,him0 7v]4 #aj74--,:y !n1 9 ,col4 i4 #af1 :]e ! same /atem5t is repeat$1--78all ?+s 7 creat$ by ,him & = ,him107--d we f9d 8?r\gh0 sub/itut$ = 8by08 ,& :y is ! same (f5ce repeat$ 9 #a ,cor4 vii4 #f1--7:]e we ought to read1--8"o ,,god1 ! ,,fa!r1 ( :om are all ?+s 444 & "o ,,"l ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 by :om are all ?+s078--,:y1 especially1 9 ,heb4 i4 #b1 9 place ( 8by :om also viz4 by ,,! ,,son ,he made ! worlds10 d we f9d sub/itut$ 8?r\gh :om08444 ,& :y add to ?is gl>+ inconsi/5cy ! wret*$ vacillation ( giv+ u ! *oice ( 8?r\gh0 79 place ( 8by07 9 ! m>g9 ( ,s4 ,john i4 #c & #aj1 & n ev5 (f]+ u ! alt]native ( 8by0 79 place ( 8?r\gh07 9 any ( ! o!r places1--al?\gh ! preposition is on e occasion8 ,& ?us mu* = ! ,revis]s' h&l+ ( ! ,prepositions4 ,we %all h said all t we c f9d room =1 :5 we h fur!r direct$ att5tion to ! uncritical & uns*ol>like ,note ) :i* !y h disfigur$ ! m>g9 ( ,s4 ,m>k i4 #i4 ,we are !re in=m$ t1 accord+ to ! ,greek1 our ,,savi\r 80 baptiz$ into ! ,jordan10--an un9telligible /atem5t to ,engli% read]s1 z well z a mislead+ "o4 ,especially on _! gu>d %\ld ! ,revis]s h be5 h]eab\ts1--see+ t1 9 a place ( vital importance on ! opposite side ( ! op5 page 7viz4 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xxviii4 #ai71 !y _h already sub/itut$ 8into0 = 8940 ,?is latt] alt]ation1 "o ( ! ,revis]s 7,dr4 ,vance ,smi?7 rejoices ov]1 because x oblit]ates 79 8 acc\nt7 ! evid5ce = ,tr9it>ian doctr9e4 ,t ! ,revisioni/s1 z a body1 int5d$ no?+ less1--:o c d\bt8 ,b !n1 if !y really deem$ x necess>y to app5d a note to ,s4 ,m>k i4 #i 9 ord] to expla9 to ! public t ! preposition signifies 8into0 r ?an 8910--:y did !y n at lea/ g on to record ! elem5t>y fact t has "h 7:at gramm>ians call7 a 8pregnant signification08 t x implies--7e s*oolboy kn[s x67--& t x is us$ 9 ord] to imply--t ! ,holy ,"o 8w5t d[n ,,into10 & s1 80 baptiz$ ,,9 ! ,jordan087#eej7444 ,b :y1 9 ! "n ( common s5se1 did n ! ,revisioni/s let ! ,preposition alone8 ,,ix4 ,! ,,m>g9 ( ! ,revision is ! la/ po9t to :i* our att5tion is invit$1 & 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- 8,! subject ( ! ,m>g9al ,notes des]ves special att5tion4 ,!y repres5t ! results ( a l>ge am\nt ( c>eful & elaborate discussion1 & w1 p]haps1 by _! v pres5ce1 indicate to "s ext5t ! intricacy ( _m ( ! que/ions t h almo/ daily come be=e u = decision4 ,^! ,notes fall into f\r ma9 gr\ps3--,fir/1 ,notes specify+ su* diff]5ces ( read+ z 7 judg$ to be ( suffici5t importance to require a p>ticul> notice2--,secondly1 ,notes indicat+ ! exact r5d]+ ( words to :i*1 = ! sake ( ,engli% idiom1 we 7 oblig$ to give a less exact r5d]+ 9 ! text2--,?irdly1 ,notes1 v few 9 numb]1 af=d+ "s explanation :i* ! orig9al appe>$ to require2--,f\r?ly1 ,alt]native ,r5d]+s 9 difficult or debateable passages4 ,! ,notes ( ?is la/ gr\p are num]\s1 & l>gely 9 excess ( ^? :i* 7 admitt$ by our pr$ecessors4 ,9 ! #bgj ye>s t h pass$ away s9ce _! lab\rs 7 conclud$1 ! ,sacr$ ,text has be5 m9utely exam9$1 discuss$ 9 e detail1 & analys$ ) a grammatical precision unkn[n 9 ! days ( ! la/ ,revision4 ,!re has ?us be5 accumulat$ a l>ge am\nt ( mat]ials t h prep>$ ! way = diff]5t r5d]+s1 :i* necess>ily came "u discussion40--7,preface1 iii4 #d47 ,:5 a body ( di/+ui%$ ,s*ol>s bespeak att5tion to a c]ta9 "p ( _! "w 9 su* t]ms z ^!1 x is pa9ful = a ,critic to be oblig$ to decl>e t he has survey$ ?is dep>tm5t ( _! und]tak+ ) ev5 less satisfaction ?an any o!r4 ,s long1 h[ev]1 z he assigns ! gr\nds ( 8 dissatisfaction1 ! ,review$ _c compla94 ,! ,review] puts himself into _! p[]4 ,if he is mi/ak5 9 8 c5sure1 8 cr$it is gone4 ,let u take ! gr\ps 9 ord]3-- 7#a7 ,hav+ already /at$ our objections aga9/ ! _m ,notes :i* specify ,textual errors :i* ! ,revisioni/s decl9$ to adopt1--we %all "h furni% only two in/ances ( ! mis*ief we deplore3-- 7a7 ,aga9/ ! words1 8,& :ile !y abode 9 ,galilee0 7,s4 ,mat!w xvii4 #bb71 we f9d x /at$1--8,"s anci5t au?orities read 7 ga!r+ !mselves toge!r40 ,! pla9 ,engli% ( :i* que] piece ( in=mation is t & ,b exhibit 9 ?is place an impossible & untranslatable ,read+1--! sub/itution ( :i* = c only h proce$$ f "s ,we/]n critic1 :o 0 suffici5tly unacqua9t$ ) ! ,greek language to suppose t - 1 might possibly be ! exact equival5t = ,,con-v]santibus autem illis4 ,?is is n ! place = discuss+ a k9d ( halluc9ation :i* prevail$ l>gely 9 ! e>lie/ age1 especially 9 regions :]e ,greek 0 habitually read ?r\gh ,lat9 spectacles4 7,?us x 01 obvi\sly1 t ! prepo/]\s sub/itution ( ,,euraquilo = 8,euroclydon10 9 ,acts xxvii4 #ad1 took its rise47 ,su* blund]s w\ld be laughable if enc\nt]$ any:]e except on holy gr\nd4 ,ap>t1 h[ev]1 f ! lam5table lack ( critical judgm5t :i* a m>g9al note l ! pres5t displays1 :at is to be ?\ght ( ! s*ol>%ip :i* elicits 8,:ile !y 7 ga!r+ !mselves toge!r0 out ( 8 ,are we to suppose t ! clue to ! ,revis]s' r5d]+ is to be f\nd 9 77 ,acts xxviii4 #c8 ,we %\ld be sorry to ?9k x4 ,!y are assur$ t ! s\rce ( ! ,textual blund] :i* !y mi/ranslate is to be f\nd1 in/ead1 9 ,b>u* iii4 #ch47eea7 7b7 ,= :at conceivable reason is ! _w n[ in=m$ t1 in/ead ( ,melita1--8"s anci5t au?orities read ,melit5e10 9 ,acts xxviii4 #a8 ,is e pitiful blund] ( cod4 ,b to live on 9 ! m>g9 ( e ,engli%man's copy ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 = ev]8 ,:y1 all o!r ,,mss4--! ,syriac & ! ,lat9 v]sions1--,pamphilus ( ,cs>ea7#eeb7 7,a4,d4 #bid71 ! fri5d ( ,eusebius1--,cyril ( ,j]usalem17#eec7--;,*ryso/om17#eed7--;,j ohn ,damasc5e17#eee7--;all ! ,fa!rs 9 %ort :o quote ! place2--! co9s1 ! anci5t geograph]s2--all read 2 :i* has also be5 acquiesc$ 9 by e critical ,editor ( ! ,n4 ,t4--7except+ always ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort71 f ! inv5tion ( ,pr9t+ till n[4 ,b because ^! two misguid$ m51 )\t apology1 explanation1 note or comm5t ( any k9d1 h adopt$ 8,melit5e0 into _! text1 is ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& to be dragg$ ?r\gh ! mire also1 & made ridicul\s 9 ! eyes ( ,*ri/5dom8 ,?is blund] moreov] is 8gross z a m\nta91 op51 palpable40 ,"o glance at ! place1 writt5 9 uncials1 expla9s h[ x arose3--4 ,"s /upid scribe 7z ! read] sees7 has connect$ ! fir/ syllable ( ) ! la/ syllable ( 47#eef7 ,t is all6 ,! blund]--7= a blund] x mo/ c]ta9ly is7--belongs to ! age & c\ntry 9 :i* 8,melit5e0 0 by f> ! m famili> ^w1 be+ ! "n ( ! metropolitan see ( ,arm5ia27#eeg7 m5tion ( :i* crops up 9 ! ,concilia repeat$ly47#eeh7 7#b7 & 7#d7 ,! second & ! f\r? gr\p may be consid]$ toge!r4 ,! =m] comprises ^? words ( :i* ! less exact r5d]+ f9ds place 9 ! ,text3--! latt]1 8,alt]native r5d]+s 9 difficult & debateable passages40 ,we presume t "h our att5tion is specially invit$ to su* notes z ! foll[+4 ,aga9/ #a ,cor4 xv4 #cd1--8;,awake out ( drunk5ness righte\sly03--aga9/ ,s4 ,john i4 #ad1--8;an only begott5 f a fa!r03--aga9/ #a ,pet4 iii4 #bj1--8;into :i* few1 t is1 eight s\ls1 7 br\ght safely ?r\gh wat]03--aga9/ #b ,pet4 iii4 #g1--8/or$ ) fire03--aga9/ ,s4 ,john xviii4 #cg1--8,?\ saye/ x1 because ,i am a k+03--aga9/ ,ephes4 iii4 #ba1--8;,all ! g5]ations ( ! age ( ! ages03--aga9/ ,jude v]4 #ad1--8;,8 holy myriads03--aga9/ ,heb4 xii4 #ah1--8;a palpable & k9dl$ fire03--aga9/ ,lu4 xv4 #ca1--8;,*ild1 ?\ art ev] ) me03--aga9/ ,mat?4 xxi4 #bh1--8;,*ild1 g "w to-day 9 my v9ey>d03--aga9/ xxiv4 #c1--8,:at %all be ! sign ( ,?y pres5ce1 & ( ! consummation ( ! age80--aga9/ ,tit4 i4 #b1--8;be=e times et]nal03 aga9/ ,mk4 iv4 #bi1--8,:5 ! fruit all[e? & :y n #8yielde? itself'81 /raightway he s5de? =? ! sickle03--aga9/ ,ephes4 iv4 #ag1--8?r\gh e jo9t ( ! supply03--aga9/ v]4 #bi1--8! build+ up ( ! ne$03--aga9/ ,lu4 ii4 #bi1--8,ma/]1 n[ lette/ ?\ ,?y bonds]vant dep>t 9 peace03--aga9/ ,acts iv4 #bd1--8,o ,ma/]1 ?\ t did/ make ! heav5 & ! e>?03--aga9/ ,lu4 i4 #gh1--8;,because ( ! he>t ( m]cy ( our ,,god40 ,conc]n+ all su* r5d]+s we w b say1 t al?\gh !y are unque/ionably bett] 9 ! ,m>g9 ?an 9 ! ,text2 x also admits no mann] ( d\bt t !y w\ld h be5 be/ ( all 9 nei!r4 ,7 ! ,revisioni/s s]i\s :5 !y sugge/$ z ! m 8exact0 r5d]+ ( #b ,pet4 i4 #bj1--8,no prophecy ( ,scripture is ( special int]pretation08 ,& :at did !y mean 7#a ,pet4 ii4 #b7 by 8! spiritual milk :i* is )\t guile08 ,n a few m>g9al glosses might h be5 disp5s$ )4 ,?us1 aga9/ 1 upw>ds ( #ej times /&s ! ,annotation1 8,or1 tea*]40--1 7ano!r ^w ( p]petual recurr5ce17 is e "t expla9$ to mean 8a loaf40 ,b is ?is reasonable8 see+ t 7,luke xiv4 #a7 c mean no?+ else b 8to eat bread03 n to m5tion ! petition = 8daily bread0 9 ! ,,"l',s pray]4 ,^! le>n$ m51 h[ev]1 d n sp>e u ev5 :5 m5tion is made ( 8tak+ ! *ildr5's bread & ca/+ x to ! dogs0 7,mk4 vii4 #bg73 :ile 9 ! enquiry1--8,if a son %all ask bread ( any ( y t is a fa!r0 7,lu4 xi4 #aa71 8loaf0 is actually ?ru/ into ! text4--,we _c und]/& :y su* m>k$ fav\r has be5 %[n to simil> easy words4 1 occurr+ upw>ds ( #ajj times 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 is inv>iably hon\r$ 7sometimes z 9 ,jo4 xv4 #ae twice 9 ! c\rse ( ! same v]se7 ) #b l9es to itself1 to expla9 t 9 ,greek x is 8bonds]vant40--,ab\t #fj times1 is expla9$ 9 ! m>g9 to be 8demon0 9 ! ,greek4--,x has be5 deem$ necess>y #ae times to devote ?ree l9es to expla9 ! value ( 8a p5ny40--,:5ev] is r5d]$ 8,son10 we are mole/$ ) a m>g9al annotation1 to ! effect t ! ,greek ^w means 8*ild40 ,_h ! ,revisioni/s be5 consi/5t1 ! m>g9s w\ld n ne>ly h suffic$ = ! _m int]e/+ details ( ?is nature ) :i* _! k ( ,greek w\ld h furni%$ !m4 ,may we be all[$ to sugge/1 t x w\ld h be5 bett] wor? :ile to expla9 to ! unle>n$ t 9 ,s4 ,pet]'s vision 7,acts x4 #aa2 xi4 #e7 9 /rictness means n 8corn]s10 b 8beg9n+s0 cf4 ,g54 ii4 #aj3--t 79 ,lu4 xv4 #bb7 is lit]ally 8! fir/0 cf4 ,g54 iii4 #g 7n 8! be/07 8robe03--t 7e4g4 9 ,lu4 xvi4 #aa3 ,jo4 i4 #i3 vi4 #cb2 & especially 9 xv4 #a & ,heb4 viii4 #b & ix4 #bd7 means 8v0 or 8real10 r ?an 8true08--,& :5 two diff]5t words are employ$ 9 ,greek 7z 9 ,s4 ,jo4 xxi4 #ae1 #af1 #ag3--,s4 ,mk4 vii4 #cc1 #ce1 c4 c471 w\ld x n h be5 z well to try to repres5t !m 9 ,engli%8 ,= want ( su* assi/ance1 no unle>n$ read] ( ,s4 ,mat?4 iv4 #ah1 #bj1 #ba3 ,s4 ,mk4 i4 #af1 #ah1 #ai3 ,s4 ,lu4 v4 #b1--w ev] be able to und]/& ! precise circum/ances "u :i* ! fir/ f\r ,apo/les left _! 8nets40 7#c7 ,! ?ird gr\p consi/s ( ,explanatory ,notes requir$ by ! obscurity ( ! orig9al4 ,su* mu/ be ! annotation aga9/ ,s4 ,luke i4 #ae 7explanatory ( 8/rong dr9k071--8,gr4 sik]a40 ,& yet1 ! ^w 77 happ5s to be n ,greek1 b ,hebrew4--,on ! o!r h&1 su* mu/ be ! annotation aga9/ 1 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 v4 #bb3--8,or1 ,moreh1 a ,hebrew expression ( condemnation20 :i* /atem5t is incorrect4 ,! ^w proves to be n ,hebrew1 b ,greek4--,& ?is1 aga9/ 8,m>an a?a0 9 #a ,cor4 xvi4 #bb1--8,t is1 ,our ,,"l come?30 :i* also proves to be a mi/ake4 ,! phrase means 8,our ,,"l is come10--:i* repres5ts a widely diff]5t notion47#eei7--,surely a room-full ( le>n$ m51 volunte]+ to put ! ,n4 ,t4 to-rights1 ought to h made m sure ( _! elem5t>y facts be=e !y v5tur$ to compromise ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& aft] ?is fa%ion6--,aga9/ 8! husks :i* ! sw9e did eat0 7,lu4 xv4 #af71 we f9d1 8,gr4 ! pods ( ! c>ob tree10--:i* is really n true4 ,! ,greek ^w is 1--:i* only signifies 8! pods ( ! c>ob tree10 z 8,fr5* beans0 signifies 8! pods ( ! ,phaseolus vulg>is40--,by ! way1 x is q c]ta9 t 9 ,mat?4 xviii4 #f & ,lu4 xvii4 #b 7n ,mk4 xi4 #db7 signifies 8a mill-/one turn$ by an ass08 ,hil>y c]ta9ly ?\ght s3 b is t ?+ at all likely8 ,:at if x %\ld appe> t m]ely d5otes ! upp] mill-/one 7 1 z ,s4 ,m>k calls x1--! /one t gr9ds71 & :i* we "k 0 call$ by ! anci5ts87#efj7--,:y is 8! brook ,c$ron0 7,jo4 xviii4 #a7 fir/ spelt 8,kidron10 & !n expla9$ to mean 8rav9e ( ! c$>s08 :i* 8,kidron0 no m means t 8,ki%on0 means 8( ! ivies10--7?\gh ! ,septuag9tal usage ,judges iv4 #ac3 ,ps4 lxxxiii4 #i %[s t 0 9 its common ,hell5i/ic designation74 ,z = call+ ! ,kidron 8a rav9e10 y might z well call 8,m]cury0 9 8,tom quad0 8a lake40 8,infelicti\s0 is ! milde/ epi!t we c be/[ ^u m>g9al annotations crude1 que/ionable1--ev5 inaccurate z ^!4 ,!n fur!r1 8,simon1 ! son ( ,jona0 79 ,s4 ,john i4 #db & xxi4 #ae71 is = ! fir/ "t introduc$ to our notice by ! ,revisioni/s z 8! son ( ,john30 ) an (fici\s m>g9al annotation t 9 ,greek ! "n is writt5 8,ioanes40 ,b is x fair 9 ! ,revis]s 7we mode/ly ask7 to ?ru/ 9 ?is way ! btises ( _! fav\rite codex ,b ^u u8 ,9 no codex 9 ! _w except ! ,vatican codex ,b1 is 8,ioannes0 spelt 8,ioanes0 9 ?is place4 ,besides1 ! "n ( ,simon ,pet]'s fa!r 0 n 8,john0 at all1 b 8,jona10--z appe>s f ,s4 ,mat?4 xvi4 #ag1 & ! pres5t two places 9 ,s4 ,john's ,gospel2 :]e ! evid5ce aga9/ 8,ioannes0 is ov]:elm+4 ,?is is 9 fact ! h&y-"w ( ,dr4 ,hort4 ,b surely ! (fice ( m>g9al notes ought to be to assi/1 n to mislead pla9 read]s3 hone/ly1 to /ate facts1--n1 by a side-w9d1 to commit ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& to a new 7& absurd7 ,textual !ory6 ,! actual ,tru?1 we insi/1 %\ld be /at$ 9 ! m>g91 :5ev] unnecess>y in=mation is gratuit\sly ?ru/ ^u unle>n$ & unsuspici\s read]s4444 ,?us1 we av[ t we are (f5d$ at read+ 7aga9/ ,s4 ,john i4 #ah7--8,_m v anci5t au?orities read #8,,god only begott5' 03 :]eas ! 8au?orities0 allud$ to read 1--7:e!r ) or )\t ! article prefix$17--:i* 7z ! ,revisioni/s are p]fectly well aw>e7 means 8! only-begott5 ,,god10 & no o!r ?+4 ,:y !n did !y n say s8 ,because 7we answ]7--!y 7 a%am$ ( ! expression4 ,b to proce$4--,! in=mation is volunte]$ 7aga9/ ,mat?4 xxvi4 #cf & ,mk4 xiv4 #cb7 t means 8an enclos$ piece ( gr\nd10--:i* is n true4 ,! /atem5t seems to h proce$$ f ! individual :o translat$ 79 ,mk4 xi4 #d7 ! 8op5 /reet30 :]eas ! ^w m]ely d5otes ! 8highway10--lit]ally ! 8?or\ghf>e40 ,a v little real famili>ity ) ! ,septuag9t w\ld h secur$ ^! ,revis]s aga9/ ! p]petual exposure :i* !y make ( !mselves 9 _! m>g9al ,notes4--7a7 1 = in/ance1 is q an ord9>y expression = 8always10 & !re=e %\ld n be exhibit$ 79 ! m>g9 ( ,s4 ,mat?4 xxviii4 #bj7 z a curiosity1--8,gr4 all ! days40--,s 7b7 ) respect to ! ^w 1 :i* seems to h greatly ex]cis$ ! ,revisioni/s4 ,:at ne$1 e "t x occurs1 to expla9 t means lit]ally 8unto ! ages ( ! ages08 ,surely 7z 9 ,ps4 xlv4 #f1 quot$ ,heb4 i4 #h17 ! e/abli%$ r5d]+ 78= ev] & ev]07 is pla9 en\gh & ne$s no gloss6--,aga91 7c7 ! num]al 1 repres5t+ ! ,hebrew sub/itute = ! indef9ite article1 prevails ?r\gh\t ! ,septuag9t4 ,examples ( its use occur 9 ! ,n4 ,t4 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 viii4 #ai & ix4 #ah2-xxvi4 #fi 7 71 ,mk4 xii4 #db3 & 9 ,rev4 viii4 #ac3 ix4 #ac3 xviii4 #ba & xix4 #ag2--:]e 8"o scribe10 8"o rul]10 8"o wid[10 8"o eagle10 8"o voice10 8"o angel10 are really no?+ else b mi/ranslations4 ,true1 t is f\nd 9 ! orig9al ,greek3 b :at !n8 ,because 8une0 means 8"o10 w x be pret5d$ t 8,tu es une bte0 w\ld be prop]ly r5d]$ 8,?\ art "o bea/08 7d7 ,f> m s]i\s is ! sub/itution ( 8hav+ a great prie/ ov] ! h\se ( ,,god0 7,heb4 x4 #ba71 = 8hav+ an high prie/30 inasmu* z ?is obscures 8! po9t$ ref]5ce to our ,,"l z ! antitype ( ! ,jewi% high prie/10--:o 7except 9 ,lev4 iv4 #c7 is designat$1 n 1 b ei!r 1 or else only1--z 9 ,acts v4 #bd7efa74444 ,& 7e7 :y are we pres5t$ ) 8,= no ^w f ,,god %all be void ( p[]0 79 ,s4 ,luke i4 #cg78 ,see+ t ! ,greek ( t place has be5 fa%ion$ on ! ,septuag9tal r5d]+ ( ,g54 xviii4 #ad 78,is any?+ too h>d = ! ,,"l807#efb771 we v5ture to ?9k t ! ,a4 ,v4 78= ) ,,god no?+ %all be impossible07#efc77 ought to h be5 let alone4 ,x _c be m5d$4 ,"o is surpris$ to discov] t among s _m respectable ,div9es !re seems n to h be5 "o suffici5tly famili> ) ! ,septuag9t to pres]ve 8 bre?r5 f p]petually fall+ into su* mi/akes z ! =ego+4 ,we really _h no idea t ! ,hell5i/ic s*ol>%ip ( ^? :o repres5t$ ! ,*ur* & ! ,sects 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 0 s inconsid]able4 ,two or ?ree ( ! =ego+ examples ref] to matt]s ( a recondite nature4 ,n s ! majority ( ! ,annotations :i* belong to ?is ?ird gr\p2 :i* we h exam9$ ) real a/oni%m5t--& 9 fact h rem>k$ ^u already4 ,%all we be ?\ght h>d to please if we av[ t we r desid]ate 8,explanatory ,notes0 on matt]s :i* really d call = explanation8 z1 to be rem9d$ ( :at k9d 0 ! 8net0 77 m5tion$ 9 ,mat?4 iv4 #ah 7n #bj71 & ,mk4 i4 #af 7n #ah73--to see x expla9$ 7aga9/ ,mat?4 ii4 #bc7 t nets] 7! root ( 8,naz>e?07 d5otes 8,bran*30--& aga9/ ,mat?4 iii4 #e2 ,lu4 iii4 #c1 t 1 signifies 8! depress$ valley ( ! ,jordan10 z ! usage ( ! ,,lxx4 proves47#efd7 ,we %\ld h be5 glad to see1 aga9/ ,s4 ,lu4 ix4 #ca1--8;,gr4 ,exodus40--,at lea/ 9 ! m>g91 we might h be5 told t 8,olivet0 is ! true r5d]+ ( ,lu4 xix4 #bi & xxi4 #cg3 7or 7 ! ,revisioni/s n aw>e ( ! fact8 ,!y are respectfully ref]r$ to ! ,bp4 ( ,l9coln's note on ! place la/ quot$47--,nay1 :y n tell u 7aga9/ ,mat?4 i4 #ba7 t 8,,jesus0 means n 8,savi\r10 b 8,,jehovah is ,salvation08 ,b above all1 surely s _m le>n$ m5 ought to h sp>$ u ! absurd ,annotation set aga9/ 8o9tm5t ( spik5>d0 7 17 9 ,s4 ,m>k xiv4 #c & 9 ,s4 ,john xii4 #c4 ,_! m>g9al ,note is z foll[s3-- 8,gr4 pi/ic n>d1 pi/ic be+ p]haps a local "n4 ,o!rs take x to mean g5u9e2 o!rs liquid40 ,c ,s*ol>s require to be told t 8liquid0 is an impossible s5se ( 9 ?is place8 ,! epi!t s int]pret$ mu/ be d]iv$ 7l ,prom4 ,v4 v4 #dhi7 f 1 & w\ld mean dr9kable3 b s9ce o9tm5t _c be drunk1 x is c]ta9 t we mu/ seek ! etymology ( ! ^w else:]e4 ,& :y %\ld ! weak anci5t conjecture be reta9$ t x is 8p]haps a local "n08 ,d ,div9es require to h x expla9$ to !m t ! "o 8locality0 :i* effectually fixes ! ^w's mean+1 is its place 9 ! ev]la/+ ,gospel8444 ,be sil5t on su* l(ty matt]s if y w1 by all means2 b 8:o are ^! t d>k5 c\nsel by words )\t k80 ,s4 ,m>k & ,s4 ,john 7^: n>ratives by ! way nev] t\* exclusively except 9 ?is place7#efe77 are obs]v$ "h to employ an ord9>y ^w ) l(ty spiritual purpose4 ,! pure fai? 77 9 :i* t (f]+ ( ! o9tm5t 0 made1 det]m9es ! *oice ( an unusual epi!t 77 :i* %all signify 8fai?ful0 r ?an 8g5u9e10--%all sugge/ a moral r ?an a comm]cial quality3 j z1 pres5tly1 ,m>y's 8break+0 ! box 77 is designat$ by a ^w :i* has ref]5ce to a brok5 he>t47#eff7 ,%e 8contrit$0 x1 ,s4 ,m>k says2 & ,s4 ,john adds a /atem5t :i* implies t ! ,*ur* has be5 r5d]$ fragrant by h] act = ev]47#efg7 7,we tru/ to be =giv5 = hav+ said a little m ?an ! occasion absolutely requires47 7#e7 ,"u :i* ( ! f\r previ\s 8gr\ps0 c]ta9 ,annotations :i* disfigure ! m>g9 ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,s4 ,mat!w's ,gospel1 %\ld fall1--we "k n4 ,let !m be briefly consid]$ by !mselves4 ,s dull ( compreh5sion are we1 t we fail to see on :at pr9ciple x is /at$ t--8,ram10 8,asa10 8,amon10 8,%ealtiel10 are 9 ,greek 78,gr407 8,aram10 8,asaph10 8,amos10 8,sala?iel40 ,= 7#a71--,surely x 0 j z ne$ful 7or j z ne$less7 to expla9 t 8,p]ez10 8,z>ah10 8,hezron10 8,nahson10 are 9 ,greek 8,ph>es10 8,z>a10 8,esrom10 8,naasson40--,b 7#b71 ,?r\gh :at 8necessity0 are ! names1 :i* we h be5 hi!rto cont5t$ to read z ! ,evangeli/ wrote !m1 n[ exhibit$ on ! fir/ page ( ! ,gospel 9 any o!r way87#efh7--7c7 ,assum+1 h[ev]1 ! ,o4 ,t4 spell+ is to be adopt$1 !n let u h x expla9$ to u :y 8,jeconiah0 9 v]4 #aa is n writt5 8,jehoiakim08 7,z = 8,jeconiah0 9 v]4 #ab1--;x 0 = ! ,revisioni/s to settle :e!r !y w\ld call him 8,jehoia*910 8,jeconiah10 or 8,coniah40 ,by ! way1--,is x lawful to suppose t !y did n "k t 8,je*onias0 "h repres5ts two diff]5t p]sons87--,on ! o!r h&1 7#d7 8,amos0 probably1--8,asaph0 c]ta9ly1--are corrupt exhibitions ( 8,amon0 & 8,asa30 &1 if notic$ at all1 %\ld h be5 introduc$ to ! read]'s notice ) ! cu/om>y =mula1 8"s anci5t au?orities10 c4--,to proce$--7#e71 ,:y sub/itute 8,immanuel0 7= 8,emmanuel07 9 v]4 #bc1--only to h to /ate 9 ! m>g9 t ,s4 ,mat!w writes x 8,emmanuel08 ,by /rict p>ity ( reason+1 aga9/ 8,naphtali0 79 *4 iv4 #ac1 #ae71 ! ,revisioni/s ought to h writt5 8,gr4 ,neph?aleim40--,& 7#f71 ,if ?is is to be ! rule1 !n :y are we n told t 8,m>y is 9 #8,gr4 ,m>iam' 08 & :y is n ,za*>ias writt5 8,za*>iah08444 ,b 7to conclude71--,:at is ! object ( all ?is (fici\sness8 & 7its unavoidable adjunct7 all ?is inconsi/5cy8 ,has ! spell+ ( ! #db names be5 revolutioniz$1 9 ord] to sev] ) ! ,pa/ & to make 8a fre% dep>ture08 ,or 7 ! f\r m>g9al notes add$ only = ! sake ( obta9+1 by a side-w9d1 ! 7app>5t7 sanction ( ! ,*ur* to ! prepo/]\s notion t 8,asa0 0 writt5 8,asaph0 by ! ,evangeli/--9 con=mity ) six ,,mss4 ( bad "*1 b 9 defiance ( ,hi/ory1 docum5t>y ,evid5ce1 & int]nal ,probability8 ,canon ,cook pp4 #bc-bd has "s important rem>ks on ?is4 ,x4 ,we mu/ ne$s adv]t aga9 to ! om9\s admission made 9 ! ,revisioni/s' ,preface 7iii4 #b init471 t to "s ext5t !y recogniz$ ! duty ( a 8rigid adh]5ce to ! rule ( translat+1 z f> z possible1 ! same ,greek ^w by ! same ,engli% ^w40 ,?is mi/ak5 pr9ciple ( !irs lies at ! root ( s mu* ( ! mis*ief :i* has befall5 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 t x calls = full] consid]ation at our h&s ?an x has hi!rto 7viz4 at pp4 #ach & #aeb7 receiv$4 ,! 8,translators0 ( #afaa1 t[>ds ! close ( _! long & qua9t ,address 8to ! ,read]10 (f] ! foll[+ /atem5t conc]n+ :at _h be5 _! own practice3--8,we h n ti$ ourselves0 7say !y7 8to an uni=mity ( phras+1 or to an id5tity ( words1 z "s p]adv5ture w\ld wi% t we _h done40 ,on ?is1 !y pres5tly enl>ge4 ,we h be5 8especially c>eful10 h ev5 8made a consci5ce10 8n to v>y f ! s5se ( t :i* we _h translat$ be=e1 if ! ^w signifi$ ! same ?+ 9 bo? places40 ,b !n1 7z !y %rewdly po9t out 9 pass+17 8!re be "s words t be n ( ! same s5se ev]y:]e40 ,& _h ?is be5 ! sum ( _! av[al1 no "o ) a sp>k ( ,ta/e1 or ) ! lea/ appreciation ( :at con/itutes real ,s*ol>%ip1 w\ld h be5 f\nd to diff] f !m4 ,nay1 ev5 :5 !y g on to expla9 t !y h n ?\ght x desirable to insi/ on inv>iably express+ 8! same notion0 by employ+ 8! same p>ticul> ^w20--7:i* !y illu/rate by in/anc+ t]ms :i*1 9 _! acc\nt1 may ) advantage be div]sely r5d]$ 9 diff]5t places27--we are /ill dispos$ to av[ ourselves ( _! m9d4 8,if0 7say !y17 8we translate ! ,hebrew or ,greek ^w once purpose1 nev] to call x int5t2 if "o :]e j\rney+1 nev] travell+2 if "o :]e ?9k1 nev] suppose2 if "o :]e pa91 nev] a*e2 if "o :]e joy1 nev] gladness2--?us to m9ce ! matt]1 we ?\ght to sav\r m ( curiosity ?an ( wisdom40 ,& yet x is pla9 t a diff]5t pr9ciple is "h indicat$ f t :i* w5t be=e4 ,! rem>k 8t nic5ess 9 words 0 always c\nt$ ! next /ep to trifl+10 sugge/s t1 9 ! ,translators' op9ion1 x matt]s little :i* ^w1 9 ! sev]al pairs ( words !y in/ance1 is employ$2 & t1 = _! own p>ts1 !y r rejoice 9 ! ease & fre$om :i* an ample vocabul>y supplies to a ,translator ( ,holy ,scripture4 ,"h also h[ev]1 z already h9t$1 we are dispos$ to g along ) !m4 ,rhy?m1 subtle associations ( ?\ght1 proprieties ( diction :i* are r to be felt ?an analys$1--any ( su* causes may reasonably det]m9e a ,translator to reject 8purpose10 8j\rney10 8?9k10 8pa910 8joy10--9 fav\r ( 8int5t10 8travel10 8suppose10 8a*e10 8gladness40 ,b !n x spe$ily becomes evid5t t1 at ! bottom ( all ?is1 !re exi/$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! ,revisioni/s ( #afaa a pr(\nd 7%all we n r say a prophetic87 consci\sness1 t ! fate ( ! ,engli% ,language itself 0 b\nd up ) ! fate ( _! ,translation4 ,h5ce _! reluctance to incur ! responsibility ( ty+ !mselves 8to an uni=mity ( phras+1 or to an id5tity ( words40 ,we %\ld be liable to c5sure 7su* is _! pla9 av[al71 8if we %\ld say1 z x 71 unto c]ta9 words1 ,/& up high]1 h a place 9 ! ,bible always2 & to o!rs ( l quality1 ,get y h5ce1 be bani%$ = ev]40 ,b ?is1 to say ! lea/1 is to introduce a di/9ct & a some:at novel consid]ation4 ,we w\ld n be ?\ght to d5y t !re is "s--p]haps a great deal--( tru? 9 x3 b by ?is "t we seem to h entirely %ift$ our gr\nd4 ,& we m ?an suspect t1 if a jury ( ,engli% s*ol>s ( ! highe/ m>k c\ld be impanell$ to decl>e _! m9d on ! subject ?us submitt$ to _! judgm5t1 !re w\ld be practical unanimity among !m 9 decl>+1 t ^! le>n$ m51--) :om all w\ld av[ he>ty sympa?y1 & ^: ta/e & skill all w\ld eag]ly ackn[l$ge1--h occasionally pu%$ ! lic5se !y enunciate s vigor\sly1 a little--p]haps a great deal--too f>4 ,= ourselves1 we are glad to be able to subscribe cordially to ! s5tim5t on ?is head express$ by ! au?or ( ! ,preface ( #ahha3 8,!y seem0--7he says1 speak+ ( ! ,revisioni/s ( #afaa7--8to h be5 guid$ by ! feel+ t _! ,v]sion w\ld secure = ! words !y us$ a la/+ place 9 ! language2 & !y express a fe> le/ !y %\ld #8be *>g$ 7by sc(f]s7 ) "s unequal deal+ t[>ds a great numb] ( good ,engli% words1' :i*1 )\t ?is lib]ty on _! "p1 w\ld n h a place 9 ! pages ( ! ,engli% ,bible4 ,/ill x _c be d\bt$ t _! /udi$ avoidance ( uni=mity 9 ! r5d]+ ( ! same words1 ev5 :5 occurr+ 9 ! same context1 is "o ( ! blemi%es 9 _! "w40--,preface1 7i4 #b74 ,yes1 x _c be d\bt$4 ,:5 ,s4 ,paul1 9 a long & famili> passage 7#b ,cor4 i4 #c-g71 is obs]v$ /udi\sly to l+] ov] ! same ^w 7 namely1 :i* is g5]ally r5d]$ 8com=t072--to h>p ^u x2--to reproduce x t5 times 9 ! c\rse ( ^? five v]ses2--x seems unreasonable t a ,translator1 z if 9 defiance ( ! ,apo/le1 %\ld on f\r occasions 7viz4 :5 ! ^w comes back = ! #f?1 #g?1 #i?1 & #aj? times71 = 8com=t0 sub/itute 8consolation40 ,& ?is "o example may s]ve z well z a hundr$4 ,x w\ld really seem z if ! ,revisioni/s ( #afaa _h consid]$ x a graceful a*ievem5t to v>y ! ,engli% phrase ev5 on occasions :]e a m>k$ id5tity ( expression *>act]izes ! orig9al ,greek4 ,:5 we f9d !m turn+ 8goodly app>el10 79 ,s4 ,james ii4 #b17 into 8gay clo?+10 79 v]4 #c17--we c b conjecture t !y conceiv$ !mselves at lib]ty to act exactly z ,s4 ,james himself w\ld 7possibly7 h act$ _h he be5 writ+ ,engli%4 ,b if ! le>n$ m5 :o gave u our ,a4 ,v4 may be ?\ght to h err$ on ! side ( excess1 !re c be no d\bt :atev]1 7at lea/ among compet5t judges17 t our ,revisioni/s h s9n$ f> m griev\sly & ) great] injury to ! ,deposit1 by _! slavi% proclivity to ! opposite =m ( error4 ,we mu/ ne$s speak out pla9ly3 = ! "q be=e u is n1 ,:at defects are discov]able 9 our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion8--b1 ,:at am\nt ( ga9 w\ld be likely to accrue to ! ,*ur* if ! pres5t ,revision 7 accept$ z a sub/itute8 ,& we ass]t )\t hesitation1 t ! am\nt ( c]ta9 loss w\ld s l>gely outweigh ! am\nt ( possible ga91 t ! proposal may n be s]i\sly ent]ta9$ = a mom5t4 ,z well on gr\nds ( ,s*ol>%ip & ,ta/e1 z ( ,textual ,criticism 7z expla9$ at l>ge 9 our =m] ,article71 ! "w be=e u is imm5sely inf]ior4 ,to speak pla9ly1 x is an utt] failure4 ,,xi4 ,= ! respect$ ,au?ors ( x practically d5y ! tru? ( ! pr9ciple enunciat$ by _! pr$ecessors ( #afaa1 viz4 t 8!re be "s words t be n ( ! same s5se ev]y:]e40 ,on su* a fundam5tal truism we are a%am$ to enl>ge3 b x becomes necess>y t we %\ld d s4 ,we proce$ to illu/rate1 by two famili> in/ances1--! fir/ :i* come to h&1--! mis*iev\s result :i* is inevitable to an en=c$ uni=mity ( r5d]+4 7a7 ,! v]b confess$ly means 8to ask40 ,& p]haps no bett] g5]al ,engli% equival5t c\ld be sugge/$ = x4 ,b !n1 9 a c]ta9 context1 8ask0 w\ld be an inadequate r5d]+3 9 ano!r1 x w\ld be improp]3 9 a ?ird1 x w\ld be simply intol]able4 ,( all ?is1 ! great ,s*ol>s ( #afaa %[$ !mselves pr(\ndly consci\s4 ,accord+ly1 :5 ?is same v]b 79 ! middle voice7 is employ$ to describe h[ ! clamor\s rabble1 besieg+ ,pilate1 claim$ _! accu/om$ privilege1 7viz4 to h ! prison] ( _! *oice releas$ unto !m17 ^? anci5t m51 ) a f9e in/9ct1 reta9 ,tyndale's r5d]+ 8desir$07#efi7 9 ,s4 ,m>k 7xv4 #h71--;& 8 8requir$0 9 ,s4 ,luke 7xxiii4 #bc74--,:51 h[ev]1 ! humble entreaty1 :i* ,joseph ( ,arima!a address$ to ! same ,pilate 7viz4 t he might be all[$ to take away ! ,body ( ,,jesus71 is 9 "q1 !n ! same ,s*ol>s 7foll[+ ,tyndale & ,cranm]71 ) ! same propriety exhibit 8begg$40--,k+ ,david1 inasmu* z he only 8desir$ to f9d a habitation = ! ,,god ( ,jacob10 ( c\rse may n be said to h 8ask$0 to d s2 & yet ,s4 ,/eph5 7,acts vii4 #df7 does n hesitate to employ ! v]b 4--,s aga91 :5 !y ( ,tyre & ,sidon approa*$ ,h]od :om !y _h (f5d$3 !y did b 8desire0 peace47#egj7--,s4 ,paul1 9 l mann]1 address+ ! ,ephesians3 8,i desire t ye fa9t n at my tribulations = y407#ega7 ,b our ,revisioni/s1--possess$ ) ! s+le idea t means 8to ask0 & 8to ask =10--h proce$$ me*anically to inflict t r5d]+ on e "o ( ! =ego+ passages4 ,9 defiance ( propriety1--( reason1--ev5 79 ,david's case7 ( hi/orical tru?17#egb7--!y h ?ru/ 9 8ask$0 ev]y:]e4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 !y are enc\nt]$ by two places :i* absolutely refuse to submit to su* iron bondage4 ,! t]ror-/rick5 jail] ( ,philippi1 :5 he 8ask$0 = lights1 mu/ ne$s h done s aft] a truly imp]i\s fa%ion4 ,accord+ly1 ! 8call$ =07#egc7 ( ,tyndale & all subsequ5t translators1 is pro hc vice all[$ by our ,revisioni/s to /&4 ,& to conclude1--,:5 ,s4 ,paul1 speak+ ( 8 supplications on behalf ( ! ,*ri/ians at ,colosse1 uses ?is same v]b 77 9 a context :]e 8to ask0 w\ld be intol]able1 our ,revisioni/s r5d] ! ^w 8to make reque/207#egd7--?\gh !y might j z well h let alone ! r5d]+ ( all _! pr$ecessors1--viz4 8to desire40 ,^! are _m words1 b we "k n h[ to make !m few]4 ,let ?is "o example1 7only because x is ! fir/ :i* pres5t$ itself17 /& = a ?\s& o!rs4 ,ap>t f ! griev\s lack ( ,ta/e 7n to say ( ,s*ol>%ip7 :i* su* a me?od betrays1--:o sees n t ! only excuse :i* c\ld h be5 inv5t$ = x has disappe>$ by ! "t we rea* ! end ( our inve/igation8 ,if 1 _h be5 inv>iably translat$ 8ask10 8ask =10 x might at lea/ h be5 pret5d$ t 8! ,engli% ,read] is 9 ?is way put entirely on a level ) ! ,greek ,s*ol>20--?\gh x w\ld h be5 a va9 pret5ce1 z all mu/ admit :o und]/& ! p[] ( language4 ,once make x app>5t t j 9 a s+le place1 p]haps 9 two1 ! ,translator f\nd himself =c$ to break ?r\gh 8 rigid uni=mity ( r5d]+1--& :at rema9s b an uneasy suspicion t !n !re mu/ h be5 a /ra9 put on ! ,evangeli/s' mean+ 9 a va/ proportion ( ! o!r sev5ty places :]e occurs8 ,an unle>n$ read]'s confid5ce 9 8 guide vani%es2 & he f9ds t he has _h n a few deflections f ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ?ru/ ^u him1 ( :i* he reasonably que/ions alike ! ta/e & ! necessity1--e4g4 at ,s4 ,mat?4 xx4 #bj4 7b7 ,b take a m int]e/+ example4 ,9 ,s4 ,m>k i4 #ah1 ! ,a4 ,v4 has1 8& /raightway !y =sook0 7:i* ! ,revisioni/s alt] into 8left07 8_! nets40 ,:y8 ,because 9 v]se #bj1 ! same ^w w recur2 & because ! ,revisioni/s propose to let ! /atem5t 78!y left _! fa!r ,zeb$ee07 /&4 ,!y 8level up0 accord+ly2 & plume !mselves on _! consi/5cy4 ,we v5ture to po9t out1 h[ev]1 t ! v]b is "o ( a l>ge family ( v]bs :i*1--always reta9+ _! own ess5tial signification1--yet dep5d = _! ,engli% r5d]+ entirely on ! context 9 :i* !y occur4 ,?us1 is rightly r5d]$ 8to suff]10 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 iii4 #ae2--8to leave10 9 iv4 #aa2--8to let h10 9 v4 #dj2--8to =give10 9 vi4 #ab1 #ad1 #ae2--8to let10 9 vii4 #d2--8to yield up10 9 xxvii4 #ej2--8to let g10 9 ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #f2--8to let alone10 9 xiv4 #f4 ,"h !n1 by ! admission ( ! ,revisioni/s1 are eight div]sities ( mean+ 9 ! same ^w4 ,b !y make ! admission grudg+ly2 &1 9 ord] to r5d] z (t5 z possible 8leave10 !y d viol5ce to _m a place ( ,scripture :]e "s o!r ^w w\ld h be5 m appropriate4 ,?us 8lay+ aside0 might h /ood 9 ,s4 ,m>k vii4 #h4 8,suff]$0 7or 8let07 0 pref]able 9 ,s4 ,luke xii4 #ci4 ,&1 7to return to ! place f :i* we />t$17 9 ,s4 ,m>k i4 #ah1 8=sook0 0 bett] ?an 8left40 ,& :y8 ,because m5 8leave _! fa!r10 7z ! ,collect = ,s4 ,james's ,day be>s witness72 b 8=sake all covet\s desires0 7z ! ,collect = ,s4 ,mat!w's ,day aptly atte/s74 ,= :i* reason1--8,& !y all =sook ,him0 0 inf9itely pref]able to 8& !y all left ,him1 & fl$10 9 ,s4 ,m>k xiv4 #ej4 ,we insi/ t a va/ deal m is lo/ by ?is p]petual disreg>d ( ! idiomatic proprieties ( ! ,engli% language1 ?an is ga9$ by a p$antic /riv+ aft] uni=mity ( r5d]+1 only because ! ,greek ^w happ5s to be ! same4 ,= x is sure sometimes to happ5 t :at seems m]e lic5ti\sness proves on clos] inspection to be unobtrusive ,s*ol>%ip ( ! be/ k9d4 ,an illu/ration pres5ts itself 9 connection ) ! ^w j n[ be=e u4 ,x is f\nd to h be5 our ,,savi\r',s practice to 8s5d away0 ! multitude :om ,he _h be5 fe$+ or tea*+1 9 "s =mal mann]1--:e!r ) an act ( solemn b5$iction1 or words ( comm5datory pray]1 or bo?4 ,accord+ly1 on ! memorable occasion :51 at ! close ( a long day ( sup]human ex]tion1 ,8 bodily p[]s succumb$1 & ! ,disciples 7 fa9 to take ,him 8z ,he 00 9 ! %ip1 & at once ,he 8fell asleep20--on t solit>y occasion1 ! ,disciples are relat$ to h 8s5t away ! multitudes10--i4e4 to h =mally dismiss$ !m on ,8 behalf1 z !y _h (t5 se5 _! ,ma/] d4 ,! ^w employ$ to designate ?is practice on two memorable occasions is 37#ege7 on ! o!r two1 47#egf7 ,?is proves to h be5 p]fectly well und]/ood z well by ! le>n$ au?ors ( ! ,lat9 ,v]sion ( ! ,n4 ,t41 z by ! s*ol>s :o translat$ ! ,gospels into ! v]nacul> ( ,pale/9e4 ,x has be5 res]v$ = ! boa/$ le>n+ ( ! ,x,i,xth c5tury to misund]/& ?is little circum/ance entirely4 ,! ,r4 ,v4 r5d]s ,s4 ,mat?4 xiii4 #cf1--n 8,!n ,,jesus s5t ! multitude away0 78dimissis turbis0 9 e ,lat9 copy17 b--8,!n ,he left ! multitudes40 ,also ,s4 ,m>k iv4 #cf1--n 8,& :5 !y _h s5t away ! multitude10 7:i* ! ,lat9 always r5d]s 8et dimitt5tes turbam107 b--8,& leav+ ! multitude40 ,w\ld x be altoge!r cr$itable1 we respectfully ask1 if at ! end ( #ahjj ye>s ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& 7 to put =? ) au?ority su* specim5s ( 8,revision0 z ^!8 7c7 ,we w tr\ble our ,read]s ) yet ano!r illu/ration ( ! pr9ciple = :i* we are cont5d+4--,we are soon made consci\s t !re has be5 a fidgetty anxiety on ! "p ( ! ,revisioni/s1 ev]y:]e to sub/itute 8maid0 = 8damsel0 z ! r5d]+ ( 4 ,x (f5ds u4 8,a damsel nam$ ,rhoda107#egg7--;& ! 8damsel possess$ ) a _s ( div9ation107#egh7--might 7we ?9k7 h be5 let alone4 ,b out ( curiosity we look fur!r1 to see :at ^! g5tlem5 w d :5 !y come to ,s4 ,luke xii4 #de4 ,"h1 because has be5 7prop]ly7 r5d]$ 8m5s]vants10 1 !y 7n unreasonably7 r5d] 8maid-s]vants10--:]eby !y break _! rule4 ,! crucial place is beh9d4 ,:at w !y d ) ! ,div9e 8,allegory0 9 ,galatians1 7iv4 #ba to #ca17--:]e all turns on ! contra/7#egi7 betwe5 ! & ! 1--! fact t ,hag> 0 a 8bondmaid0 :]eas ,s>ah 0 a 8free woman08 8,maid0 cle>ly c\ld n /& "h4 8,maid-s]vant0 w\ld be intol]able4 ,:at is to be done8 ,! ,revisioni/s adopt a ?ird v>iety ( read+1--?us surr5d]+ _! pr9ciple entirely4 ,& :at read] ) a sp>k ( ta/e1 7we confid5tly ask ! "q17 does n res5t _! sub/itution ( 8h&maid0 = 8bondmaid0 ?r\gh\t ^! v]ses8 ,:o w d5y t ! m5tion ( 8bondage0 9 v]ses #bd & #be claims1 at ! h&s ( an intellig5t ,engli% translator1 t he %all avail himself ( ! admirable & helpful equival5t = :i*1 z x happ5s1 ! ,engli% language possesses8 ,m ?an t4 ,:o--7except "o :o is himself 89 bondage--) 8 *ildr507--:o does n respond gratefully to ! exquisite ta/e & tact ) :i* 8bondmaid0 itself has be5 ex*ang$ = 8bondwoman0 by our translators ( #afaa1 9 v]ses #bc1 #cj & #ca8444 ,v]ily1 ^? m5 und]/ood _! craft6 8,!re 7 giants 9 ^? days40 ,z little w\ld !y submit to be b\nd by ! new cords ( ! ,phili/9es z by _! gre5 )es4 ,^u occasion1 !y c\ld %ake !mselves free f ei!r4 ,& :y8 ,= ! selfsame reason3 viz4 because ! ,,_s ( _! ,,god 0 mightily ^u !m4 ,our cont5tion1 s f>1 has be5 b ?is1--t x does n by any means foll[ t id5tical ,greek words & expressions1 :]ev] occurr+1 are to be r5d]$ by id5tical words & expressions 9 ,engli%4 ,we desire to pass on to some?+ ( m importance4 ,let x n be suppos$ t we make light ( ! difficulties :i* our ,revisioni/s h _h to enc\nt]2 or are want+ 9 g5]\s appreciation ( ! consci5ti\s toil ( _m m5 = _m ye>s2 or t we ov]look ! p]ils ( ! ent]prise 9 :i* !y h se5 fit to adv5ture _! reputation4 ,if ev] a sev]e expression escapes u1 x is because our ,revisioni/s !mselves seem to h s v imp]fectly realiz$ ! responsibility ( _! und]tak+1 & ! peculi> difficulties by :i* x is unavoidably beset4 ,! tru? is1--z all :o h giv5 real ?\ght to ! subject mu/ be aw>e1--! ph5om5a ( ,language are among ! mo/ subtle & delicate imag9able3 ! problem ( ,translation1 "o ( ! mo/ manysid$ & difficult t c be nam$4 ,& if ?is holds univ]sally1 9 h[ mu* great] a degree :5 ! book to be translat$ is ,,! ,,bible6 ,"h1 any?+ l a me*anical levell+ up ( t]ms1 e attempt to impose a pre-arrang$ sy/em ( uni=m r5d]+ on words1--e "o ( :i* has a hi/ory & 7s to speak7 a w ( its own1--is inevitably de/9$ to result 9 discomfiture & disappo9tm5t4 ,b :at makes ?is s v s]i\s a matt] is t1 because ,,holy ,,scripture is ! ,book exp]im5t$ ^u1 ! l(tie/ int]e/s t c be nam$ become imp]ill$2 & x w con/antly happ5 t :at is n p]haps 9 itself a v s]i\s mi/ake may yet inflict irrep>able injury4 ,we subjo9 an humble illu/ration ( our mean+--! r1 because x w af=d u an opportunity = p5etrat+ a little deep] into ! proprieties ( ,scriptural ,translation3-- 7d7 ,! place ( our ,,"l',s ,burial1 :i* is m5tion$ upw>ds ( #cj times 9 ! ,gospels1 is /yl$ 9 ! orig9al1 4 ,?is appellation is appli$ to x ?ree times by ,s4 ,mat!w2--six times by ,s4 ,m>k2--eight times by ,s4 ,luke27#ehj7--;elev5 times by ,s4 ,john4 ,only on f\r occasions1 9 close succession1 does ! fir/ ,evangeli/ call x by ano!r "n1 viz4 47#eha7 ,k+ ,james's translators 7foll[+ ,tyndale & ,cranm]7 decl9e to notice ?is div]sity1 & uni=mly /yle x ! 8sepul*re40 ,s long z x belong$ to ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 !y call x a 8tomb0 7,mat?4 xxvii4 #fj73 :5 once x has be5 appropriat$ by 8! ,,"l ( ,glory10 9 ! same v]se !y give x a diff]5t ,engli% appellation4 ,b our ,revisioni/s ( #ahha1 z if b5t on 8mak+ a fre% dep>ture10 ev]y:]e sub/itute 8tomb0 = 8sepul*re0 z ! r5d]+ ( 4 ,does any "o ask1--,& :y %\ld !y n8 ,we answ]1 ,because1 9 connection ) 8! ,sepul*re0 ( our ,,"l1 !re has gr[n up su* an ample lit]ature & su* a fam\s hi/ory1 t we are no long] able to sev] ourselves f ^? environm5ts ( ! problem1 ev5 if we desir$ to d s4 ,9 all su* cases z ! pres5t1 we h to balance ! ,loss aga9/ ! ,ga94 ,q idle is x = ! p$ant ( #ahha to insi/ t & are two diff]5t words4 ,we d n dispute ! fact4 7,!n1 if he mu/1 let him repres5t 9 "s o!r way47 ,x rema9s true1 not)/&+1 t ! receptacle ( our ,,savi\r',s ,body aft] ,8 dissolution w h to be spok5 ( z 8! ,holy ,sepul*re0 till ! end ( "t2 & x is altoge!r to be desir$ t its famili> designation %\ld be suff]$ to survive unmole/$ on ! et]nal page1 9 consequ5ce4 ,!re are1 aft] all1 mighti] laws 9 ! ,univ]se ?an ^? ( gramm>4 ,9 ! qua9t language ( our ,translators ( #afaa3 8,= is ! ,k+dom ( ,,god become words or syllables8 ,:y %\ld we be 9 bondage to !m if we may be free80444 ,z = consid]ations ( etymological propriety1 ! ne>e/ ,engli% equival5t = 7be x rememb]$7 is n 8tomb10 b 8monum5t40 7e7 ,our ,revisioni/s seem n to be aw>e t #bgj ye>s ( undi/urb$ possession h giv5 to c]ta9 words rights to :i* !y c\ld n else h pret5d$1 b ( :i* x is impossible any m to dispossess !m4 ,x sav\rs ( folly z well z ( p$antry ev5 to make ! attempt4 occurs #cj1-- #ba times1--9 ! ,n4 ,t4 ,etymologically1 bo? words alike mean 8tea*+20 & are !re=e indiff]5tly r5d]$ 8doctr9a0 9 ! ,vulgate17#ehb7--;= :i* reason1 8doctr9e0 repres5ts bo? words indiff]5tly 9 our ,a4 ,v47#ehc7 ,b ! ,revis]s h well-nigh extirpat$ 8,,doctr9e0 f ! ,n4 ,t43 7#a/71 ,by mak+ 8tea*+10 ! r5d]+ ( 17#ehd7--7res]v+ 8doctr9e0 = 7#ehe773 & 7#bndly71 ,by #f times sub/itut+ 8tea*+0 7once1 8le>n+07 = 8doctr9e10 9 places :]e occurs47#ehf7 ,?is is to be lam5t$ e way4 ,! ^w _c be sp>$ s (t54 ,! 8tea*+s0 ( our ,,"l & ( ,8 ,apo/les 7 ! 8doctr9es0 ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,:5 ,s4 ,paul speaks ( 8! doctr9e ( baptisms0 7,heb4 vi4 #b71 x is simply incompreh5sible to u :y 8! tea*+ ( baptisms0 %\ld be deem$ a pref]able expression4 ,& if ! w>n+ aga9/ be+ 8c>ri$ ab\t ) e w9d ( doctr9e10 may /& 9 ,ephes4 iv4 #ad1 :y may x n be left /&+ 9 ,heb4 xiii4 #i8 7f7 ,9 ! same _s1 we c b wond] at ! extravagant bad ta/e :i*1 at ! end ( #ejj ye>s1 has v5tur$ to sub/itute 8b[ls0 = 8vials0 9 ! ,book ( ,revelation47#ehg7 ,z a matt] ( fact1 we v5ture to po9t out t no m means 8a b[l0 ?an 8sauc]0 means 8a cup40 ,b1 waiv+ ?is1 we are confid5t t our ,revis]s w\ld h %[n m wisdom if !y _h let alone a ^w :i*1 hav+ no ,engli% equival5t1 has pass$ into ! sacr$ vocabul>y ( ! language1 & has acquir$ a conv5tional signification :i* w cleave to x = ev]4 8,vials ( wra?0 are und]/ood to signify ! outp\r+ ( ,,god',s wra?ful visitations on mank9d3 :]eas 8b[ls0 really conveys no mean+ at all1 except a mean & unwor?y1 n to say an inconv5i5tly ambigu\s "o4 ,:at mu/ be ! impression made on p]sons ( v humble /ation1--lab\r+-m51--:5 !y he> ( 8! sev5 ,angels t _h ! sev5 b[ls08 7,rev4 xvii4 #a47 ,! 1--if we mu/ ne$s talk l ,antiqu>ies--is a circul>1 almo/ flat & v %all[ vessel1--( :i* ! cont5ts c be dis*>g$ 9 an in/ant4 ,x 0 us$ 9 p\r+ out libations4 ,!re is1 at t back ( x1 9 ! c5tre1 a holl[ = ! fir/ jo9t ( ! =ef+] to re/ 94 ,pat]a ! ,lat9s call$ x4 ,specim5s are to be se5 9 abundance4 ,! same ,revisioni/s h also fall5 f\l ( ! 8alaba/] box ( o9tm5t40--= :i* !y h sub/itut$ 8an alaba/] cruse ( o9tm5t407#ehh7 ,b :at is a 8cruse08 ,_! m>g9al note says1 8,or1 #8a flask3' 0 b once m1 :at is 8a flask08 ,c]ta9ly1 ! receptacles to :i* t "n is n[ commonly appli$1 7e4g4 a p[d]-flask1 a ,flor5ce flask1 a flask ( w9e1 c47 be> no resemblance :atev] to ! vase call$ 4 ,! probability is t ! receptacle = ! preci\s o9tm5t ) :i* ! si/] ( ,laz>us provid$ h]self1 0 like/ ( all to a small m$ic9e-bottle 7lecy?us ! anci5ts call$ x71 made h[ev] ( alaba/]4 ,specim5s ( x ab\nd4 ,b :y n let su* words alone8 ,! same ,critics h _h ! good s5se to leave /&+ 8! bag10 = :at 0 confess$ly a box7#ehi7 7,s4 ,john xii4 #f3 xiii4 #bi72 & 8y\r purses0 = :at 9 ! ,greek is unmi/akably 8y\r girdles07#eij7 7,s4 ,mat?4 x4 #i74 ,we c b repeat t possession = five c5turies conveys rights :i* x is always useless1 & sometimes dang]\s1 to dispute4 8,vials0 w c]ta9ly h to be put back into ! ,apocalypse4 7g7 ,hav+ said s mu* ab\t ! propos$ r5d]+ ( su* unpromis+ vocables z ----1 x is "t to invite ! ,read]'s att5tion to ! calamit\s fate :i* has befall5 c]ta9 o!r words ( inf9itely great] importance4 ,& fir/ = --a sub/antive n\n unkn[n to ! hea!n1 ev5 z ! s5tim5t :i* ! ^w expresses proves to be a grace ( purely ,*ri/ian gr[?4 ,:at else b a real calamity w\ld be ! s5t5ce ( p]petual bani%m5t pass$ by our ,revisioni/s on 8t mo/ excell5t gift1 ! gift ( ,*>ity10 & ! g5]al sub/itution ( 8,love0 9 its place8 ,d n ^! le>n$ m5 p]ceive t 8,love0 is n an equival5t t]m8 ,c !y require to be told t1 because ( ,s4 ,paul's exquisite & life-l portrait ( 8,,*>ity10 & ! use :i* has be5 made ( ! ^w 9 sacr$ lit]ature 9 consequ5ce1 x has come to pass t ! ^w 8,*>ity0 connotes _m ideas to :i* ! ^w 8,love0 is an entire /rang]8 t 8,love10 on ! contr>y1 has come to connote _m unwor?y notions :i* 9 8,*>ity0 f9d no place at all8 ,& if ?is be s1 h[ c our ,revisioni/s expect t we %all endure ! loss ( ! "n ( ! v *oice/ ( ! ,*ri/ian graces1--& :i*1 if x is n[h]e to be f\nd 9 ,scripture1 w pres5tly come to be only traditionally kn[n among mank9d1 & w 9 ! end cease to be a t]m cle>ly und]/ood8 ,h ! ,revisioni/s ( #ahha consid]$ h[ firmly ?is ^w 8,*>ity0 has e/abli%$ itself 9 ! phraseology ( ! ,*ur*1--anci5t1 m$ival1 mod]n1--z well z 9 our ,book ( ,common ,pray]8 h[ ?or\ghly x has v9dicat$ = itself ! "r ( citiz5%ip 9 ! ,engli% language8 h[ x has ent]$ into our common vocabul>y1 & become "o ( ! be/ und]/ood ( 8h\sehold words08 ,( :at c !y h be5 ?9k+ :5 !y delib]ately oblit]at$ f ! ?irte5? *apt] ( ,s4 ,paul's #a/ ,epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians ! n9efold recurr5ce ( ! "n ( 8t mo/ excell5t gift1 ! gift ( ,,*>ity08 7h7 ,) equal displeasure1 b ) ev5 sadd] feel+s1 we recognize 9 ! pres5t ,revision a resolute elim9ation ( 8,,miracles0 f ! ,n4 ,t4--,n s1 7we %all be eag]ly rem9d$17 b only ( _! ,"n4 ,true1 b ! two p]=ce g toge!r1 z e ?\ghtful man kn[s4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! gett+ rid ( ! ,"n1--7except 9 ! few in/ances :i* are enum]at$ bel[17--w 9 ! acc\nt ( millions be reg>d$ z ! gett+ rid ( ! ?+4 ,& 9 ! e/eem ( all1 le>n$ & unle>n$ alike1 ! sy/ematic oblit]ation ( ! signify+ ^w f ! pages ( t ,book to :i* we ref] exclusively = our k ( ! rem>kable ?+ signifi$1--_c b be look$ ^u z a memorable & mom5t\s circum/ance4 ,"s1 x may be1 w be *iefly /ruck by ! fooli%ness ( ! proce$+3 = at ! end ( c5turies ( famili>ity ) su* a ^w1 we are no long] able to "p company ) x1 ev5 if we 7 incl9$4 ,! t]m has /ruck root firmly 9 our ,lit]ature3 has e/abli%$ itself 9 ! t]m9ology ( ,div9es3 has gr[n into our common spee*4 ,b fur!r1 ev5 7 x possible to get rid ( ! words 8,miracle0 & 8,miracul\s10 :at else b abid+ inconv5i5ce w\ld be ! result8 = we mu/ /ill desire to speak ab\t ! ?+s2 & x is a truism to rem>k t !re are no o!r words 9 ! language :i* connote ! same ideas4 ,:at !re=e has be5 ga9$ by sub/itut+ 8sign0 = 8miracle0 on "s #ai or #bj occasions--78?is beg9n+ ( 8 signs did ,,jesus10--8?is is aga9 ! second sign t ,,jesus did07--we really fail to see4 ,t ! ^w 9 ! orig9al is 1 & t means 8a sign10 we are aw>e4 ,b :at !n8 ,because 1 9 /rictness1 means 8a mess5g]10--1 8a writ+10--1 8an actor10--1 8an assembly10--1 8good tid+s10--1 8an ov]se]10--1 8"o t dips10--1 8a g>d510--1 8a le>n]10--1 8fav\r30--are we to =ego ! e/abli%$ ,engli% equival5ts = ^! words1 & nev] m to he> ( 8grace10 8disciple10 8,p>adise10 8,bapti/10 8,bi%op10 8,gospel10 8,*ur*10 8hypocrite10 8,scripture10 8,angel08 ,is x !n desir$ to revolutionize our sacr$ t]m9ology8 or at all ev5ts to sev] ) ! ,pa/1 & to translate ! ,scriptures into ,engli% on etymological pr9ciples8 ,we are amaz$ t ! fir/ proposal to resort to su* a prepo/]\s me?od 0 n in/antly sc\t$ by a l>ge majority ( ^? :o frequ5t$ ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,! words "u consid]ation are n only n equival5t1 b !y are q dissimil>4 ,all 8signs0 are n 8,miracles107#eia7 ?\gh all 8,miracles0 are und5iably 8signs40 ,w\ld n a m>g9al annotation conc]n+ ! orig9al ^w1 z at ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #h1 h suffic$8 ,& :y 0 ! t]m 8,miracle0 z ! r5d]+ ( 7#eib7 sp>$ only on t occasion 9 ! ,gospels2 & only 9 connection ) ,s4 ,pet]'s miracle ( heal+ ! impot5t man1 9 ! ,acts87#eic7 ,we ask ! "q n c>+ = an answ]4 ,we are m]ely b5t on submitt+ to our ,read]s1 :e!r1--especially 9 an age l ! pres5t ( wide-spread unbelief 9 ! ,miracul\s1--x 0 a judici\s proce$+ 9 our ,revisioni/s almo/ ev]y:]e to sub/itute 8,sign0 = 8,miracle0 z ! r5d]+ ( 4 7i7 ,e bit z (f5sive1 9 its way1 is a m>g9al note respect+ ! ,?ird ,p]son 9 ! ,tr9ity1 :i* does duty at ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #ah3 ,s4 ,m>k i4 #h3 ,s4 ,luke i4 #ae3 ,acts i4 #b3 ,rom4 v4 #e3 ,heb4 ii4 #d4 ,z a rule1 9 %ort1 aga9/ e fre% fir/ m5tion ( 8! ,,holy ,,gho/10 five l9es are punctually devot$ to ! rem>k1--8,or1 ,holy ,_s3 & s ?r\gh\t ?is book40 ,n[1 z ,canon ,cook v fairly puts ! case1-- 8,does ?is imply t ! m>g9i/s object to ! ^w #8,,gho/'8 ,if s1 x mu/ be ask$1 ,on :at gr\nds8 ,c]ta9ly n z an ar*aism4 ,! ^w is 9 e ,*ur*man's m\? cont9ually4 ,= ! sake ( consi/5cy8 ,b ,dr4 ,vance ,smi? compla9s bitt]ly ( ! inconsi/5cy ( 8 colleagues 9 ref]5ce to ?is v "q1--see 8 ,texts & ,m>g9s1 pp4 #g1 #h1 #de4 ,i w\ld n sugge/ a doctr9al bias3 b to prove t x _h no influ5ce1 a /rong1 if n unanim\s1 decl>ation on ! "p ( ! ,revis]s is call$ =4 ,dr4 ,vance ,smi? alleges ?is notice z "o ( ! cle>e/ pro(s t ! ,revis]s ought 9 consi/5cy to disc>d ! ^w z #8a poor & almo/ obsolete equival5t = ,_s4' 07#eid7 ,b 9 fact :5 "o ( ! ,revisioni/s op5ly claims1 on behalf ( ! ,revision1 t 89 ! mo/ sub/antial s5se10 7:atev] t may happ5 to mean17 x is 8contr>y to fact0 8t ! doctr9es ( popul> ,!ology rema9 unaffect$1 unt\*$ by ! results ( ! ,revision107#eie7--;,*>ity itself is con/ra9$ to use language :i* by a c]ta9 s*ool w be deem$ un*>itable4 ,if doctr9al prepossession _h no %>e 9 ! production "u review1--:y is no prote/ publicly put =? aga9/ su* language z ! =ego+1 :5 employ$ by a conspicu\s ,memb] ( ! ,revisioni/ body8 7j7 ,9 a simil> _s to t :i* dictat$ our rem>ks on ! attempt$ elim9ation ( 8,miracles0 f ! ,n4 ,t4 ( ! future1--we altoge!r disapprove ( ! attempt to introduce 8is ,epileptic10 z ! r5d]+ ( 1 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xvii4 #ae4 ,! miracle p]=m$ on 8! lunatic *ild0 may nev] m come abroad "u a diff]5t "n4 ,9 a matt] l ?is1 #ejj ye>s ( occupation1 7or r #agjj1 = 8lunaticus0 is ! read+ ( all ! ,lat9 copies17 con/itute a title :i* may n be disput$4 8,,epileptic0 is a sorry gloss--n a translation4 ,ev5 7 x demon/rable t ,epilepsy exclusively exhibits e feature relat$ 9 connection ) ! pres5t case27#eif7 & t suff]]s f ,epilepsy are specially affect$ by ! moon's *anges1 7nei!r ( :i* ?+s are c]ta9ly true73 ev5 s1 ! ,revisioni/s w\ld be :olly unw>rant$ 9 do+ viol5ce to ! ,evangeli/'s language1 9 ord] to br+ into prom95ce _! own private op9ion t :at is call$ 8,lunacy0 "h 7& 9 *4 iv4 #bd7 is to be id5tifi$ ) ! ord9>y malady call$ 8,epilepsy40 ,?is 0 confess$ly an extraord9>y case ( demoniacal possession7#eig7 besides4 ,! ,revisioni/s h 9 fact gone out ( _! way 9 ord] to introduce u to a set ( difficulties ) :i* be=e we _h no acqua9tance4 ,& aft] all1 ! ,engli% read] desires to "k--n1 by any means1 :at two-?irds ( ! ,revisioni/s conjecture 0 ! matt] ) ! *ild1 b--:at ! *ild's ,fa!r actually said 0 ! matt] ) him4 ,n[1 ! ,fa!r und5iably did n say t ! *ild 0 8,epileptic10 b t he 0 8,lunatic40 ,! man employ$ a t]m :i* 7s+ul> to relate7 has its own precise ,engli% equival5t2--a t]m :i* embodies to ?is h\r 7z x did anci5tly7 ! popul> belief t ! moon influ5ces c]ta9 =ms ( disease4 ,) ! advance ( ,sci5ce1 civiliz$ nations surr5d] su* ,beliefs2 b !y d n !re=e revolutionize _! ,t]m9ology4 8,! advance ( ,sci5ce10 h[ev]1 has no?+ :atev] to d ) ! ,translation ( ! ^w be=e u4 ,! ,au?or ( ?is p>ticul> r5d]+ 7begg+ 8 p>don7 is op5 to a process 8de lunatico inquir5do0 = hav+ imag9$ ! contr>y4 7k7 ,! =ego+ in/ances sugge/ ! rem>k1 t ! ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/orian ( future ye>s w po9t ) conc]n to ! sad evid5ces t ! ,*ur* _h fall5 on evil days :5 ! pres5t ,revision 0 und]tak54 ,) fatal fidelity does x1 e "h & !re1 reflect ! sickly hues ( 8mod]n ,?\ght10 :i* is too (t5 b ano!r "n = ! late/ phase ( ,unfai?fulness4 ,?us1 9 view ( ! pres5t controv]sy ab\t ! ,et]nity ( ,future ,puni%m5t1 :i* has br\ght into prom95ce a suppos$ di/9ction betwe5 ! import ( ! epi!ts 8,,et]nal0 & 8,,ev]la/+10--h[ pa9ful is x to discov] t ! latt] epi!t1 7:i* is ! "o object$ to by ! unbeliev+ s*ool17 has be5 by our ,revisioni/s dilig5tly exclud$7#eih7 e "t x occurs z ! translation ( 1 9 fav\r ( ! m palatable epi!l 8et]nal06 ,k+ ,james's ,translators %[$ !mselves imp>tial to a fault4 ,z if to m>k t1 9 _! acc\nt1 ! words are ( id5tical import1 !y ev5 introduc$ bo? words into ! same v]se7#eii7 ( ,scripture4 ,is x fair t su* a body ( m5 z ! ,revisioni/s ( #ahha1 claim+ ! sanction ( ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce1 %\ld1 9 a matt] l ! pres5t1 ?r[ all _! weight into ! scale ( ,misbelief8 ,!y 7 au?oriz$ only to remove 8pla9 & cle> errors40 ,!y 7 in/ruct$ to introduce 8z few *anges z possible40 ,:y h !y ne$lessly gone out ( _! way1 on ! contr>y1 indirectly to %[ _! sympa?y ) ^? :o d5y :at has be5 ! ,*ur*'s tea*+ = #ahjj ye>s8 ,our ,cre$s1 ,te ,deum1 ,litany1 ,(fices1 ,articles1--our :ole ,pray] ,book1 brea!s a diff]5t _s & speaks a diff]5t language4444 ,h our ,revisioni/s p]suad$ ! ,old ,te/am5t company to foll[ _! example8 ,x w be calamit\s if !y h4 ,!re w be s]i\s discrepancy ( tea*+ betwe5 ! ,old & ! ,new ,te/am5t if !y h n4 7l7 ,:at means also ! fidgetty anxiety manife/$ ?r\gh\t ^! pages to expla9 away1 or at lea/ to evacuate1 expressions :i* h to d ) ,,et]nity8 ,:y1 = example1 is 8! _w 77 to come10 inv>iably gloss$ 8! age to come08 & s p]si/5tly expla9$ 9 ! m>g9 to mean1 8unto ! ages08 7,see ! m>g9 ( ,rom4 ix4 #e4 ,are we to read 8,,god bless$ unto ! ages087 ,also 1 8unto ! ages ( ! ages08 ,surely we1 ^: language furni%es expressions ( precisely simil> "* 7viz4 8= ev]10 & 8= ev] & ev]071 might disp5se ) in=mation hazy & unpr(itable z ?is6 7m7 ,aga94 ,at a p]iod ( prevail+ unbelief 9 ! ,,inspiration ( ,scripture1 no?+ b real necessity c\ld w>rant any m$dl+ ) su* a te/imony on ! subject z is f\nd 9 #b ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,we h hi!rto be5 taught to believe t 8,all ,scripture is giv5 by inspiration ( ,,god & is pr(itable10 c4 ,! anci5ts7#fjj7 cle>ly s und]/ood ,s4 ,paul's words3 & s d ! mo/ le>n$ & ?\ghtful ( ! mod]ns4 1 ev5 if x be int]pret$ 8e ,scripture10 c only mean e portion ( ^? ( :i* ! ,apo/le _h be5 speak+ 9 ! previ\s v]se2 & !re=e mu/ ne$s signify ! :ole ( ,scripture47#fja7 ,s t ! expression 8all ,scripture0 expresses ,s4 ,paul's mean+ exactly1 & %\ld n h be5 di/urb$4 ,b--8,x is v difficult0 7s at lea/ ?9ks ! ,"r ,rev4 ,*airman ( ! ,revis]s7 8to decide :e!r is a "p ( ! pr$icate1 be+ ! simple copula2 or :e!r x is a "p ( ! subject4 ,lexicography & gramm> contribute b little to a decision40 ,n s ?\ght ,bi%op ,middleton4 8,i d n recollect0 7he says7 8any passage 9 ! ,n4 ,t4 9 :i* two ,adjectives1 app>5tly connect$ by ! copulative1 7 int5d$ by ! writ] to be s unnaturally disjo9$4 ,he :o c produce su* an in/ance1 w d mu* t[>ds e/abli%+ ! plausibility ( a translation1 :i* o!rwise mu/ appe>1 to say ! lea/ ( x1 to be =c$ & improbable40--,& yet x is propos$ to ?ru/ ?is 8=c$ & improbable0 translation on ! acceptance ( all ,engli%-speak+ p1 :]ev] f\nd1 on ! plea ( necessity6 ,our ,revisioni/s translate1 8,e ,scripture inspir$ ( ,,god is also pr(itable10 c41--:i* ( c\rse may be plausibly decl>$ to imply t a di/9ction is drawn by ! ,apo/le himself betwe5 inspir$ & un9spir$ ,scripture4 ,& pray1 7we %\ld be pres5tly ask$17 is n _m a ,scripture 7or writ+7 8pr(itable = tea*+10 c4 :i* is n commonly held to be 8inspir$ ( ,,god08444 ,b 9 fact ! propos$ r5d]+ is inadmissible1 be+ )\t logical coh]5ce & consi/5cy4 ,! utmo/ t c\ld be pret5d$ w\ld be t ,s4 ,paul's ass]tion is t 8e portion ( ,scripture be+ inspir$0 7i4e4 inasmu* z x is--because x is--inspir$72 8is also pr(itable10 c4 ,else !re w\ld be no mean+ 9 ! 4 ,b1 9 ! "n ( common s5se1 if ?is be s1 :y h ! bless$ words be5 m$dl$ )8 7n7 ,all are unhappily famili> ) ! avidity ) :i* ! disciples ( a c]ta9 ,s*ool fa/5 ^u a my/]i\s expression 9 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel 7xiii4 #cb71 :i* seems to pr$icate conc]n+ ! ,et]nal ,,son1 limitation 9 respect ( ,k4 ,?is is n ! place = v9dicat+ ! ,ca?olic ,doctr9e ( ! ,,son',s 8equality ) ! ,,fa!r z t\*+ ,8 ,g,o,dhead20 or = expla9+ t1 9 consequ5ce1 all ?+s t ! ,,fa!r ha?1 7! k ( 8t ,day & ,h\r0 includ$17 ! ,,son ha? likewise47#fjb7 ,b ?is is ! place = call+ att5tion to ! deplorable circum/ance t ! clause 8nei!r ! ,,son10 :i* has an indisputable "r to its place 9 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 has on insuffici5t au?ority by our ,revisioni/s be5 ?ru/ into ,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #cf1 :]e x has no bus9ess :atev]1 & f :i* ! ^w 8only0 effectually excludes x47#fjc7 ,we call att5tion to ?is circum/ance ) s9c]e sorr[3 b x is sorr[ l>gely mix$ ) indignation4 ,:at else b ! betrayal ( a sacr$ tru/ is x :5 ,div9es appo9t$ to correct manife/ errors 9 ! ,engli% ( ! ,n4 ,t4 g out ( _! way to introduce an error l ?is into ! ,greek ,text :i* ,ca?olic ,antiquity w\ld h repudiat$ ) indignation1 & = :i* c]ta9ly ! plea ( 8necessity0 _c be pret5d$8 7o7 ,a ,,m>g9al ,,annotation set ov] aga9/ ,romans ix4 #e is ! la/ ?+ ( ?is k9d to :i* we %all invite att5tion4 ,s4 ,paul decl>es x to be ,israel's highe/ boa/ & glory t ( !m1 8z conc]n+ ! fle% came ,,*ri/1 :o is ov] all ?+s1 ,,god bless$ = ev]6 ,am540 ,a gr&] or m unequivocal te/imony to our ,,"l',s et]nal ,g,o,dhead is n[h]e to be f\nd 9 ,scripture4 ,accord+ly1 ^! words h be5 z confid5tly appeal$ to by fai?ful ,doctors ( ! ,*ur* 9 e age1 z !y h be5 unsp>+ly assail$ by unbeliev]s4 ,! di%one/ %ifts by :i* ! latt] seek to evacuate ! record :i* !y are p[]less to refute or d5y1 are p>ad$ by our ill-/>r$ ,revisioni/s 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- 8,"s mod]n ,int]pret]s place a full /op aft] fle%1 & translate1 ,he :o is ,god ov] all be 7is7 bless$ = ev]3 or1 ,he :o is ov] all is ,god1 bless$ = ev]4 ,o!rs punctuate1 fle%1 :o is ov] all4 ,god be 7is7 bless$ = ev]40 ,n[ ?is is a matt]1--let x be cle>ly obs]v$1--:i*1 7z ,dr4 ,hort is aw>e17 8belongs to ,int]pretation1--& n to ,textual ,criticism407#fjd7 ,:at bus9ess !n has x 9 ^! pages at all8 ,is x !n ! function ( ,div9es appo9t$ to revise ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 to give in=mation to ! #ij millions ( ,engli%-speak+ ,*ri/ians scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! _w z to ! unfai?fulness ( 8"s mod]n ,int]pret]s087#fje7 ,we h hi!rto suppos$ t x 0 8,anci5t au?orities0 exclusively1--7:e!r 8a few10 or 8"s10 or 8_m107--to :i* we are invit$ to submit our judgm5t4 ,h[ does x come to pass t ! ,soc9ian gloss on ?is gr& text 7,rom4 ix4 #e7 has be5 br\ght into su* extraord9>y prom95ce8 ,did our ,revisioni/s consid] t _! m>g9al note w\ld travel to e>?'s remote/ v]ge1--give univ]sal curr5cy to ! view ( 8"s mod]n ,int]pret]s10--& 9 ! end 8tell x out among ! hea!n0 also8 ,we ref] to ,manuscripts1--,v]sions1--,fa!rs3 & :at d we f9d8 7#a7 ,x is demon/rable t ! olde/ ,codices1 besides ! :ole body ( ! cursives1 "k no?+ ab\t ! me?od ( 8"s mod]n ,int]pret]s407#fjf7--7b7 8,!re is absolutely n a %ad[1 n a tittle ( evid5ce1 9 any ( ! anci5t ,v]sions1 to w>rant :at !y d407#fjg7--7c7 ,h[ !n1 ab\t ! old ,fa!rs8 = ! s5tim5ts ( our be/ mod]n ,div9es1 z ,pe>son & ,bull1 we "k by he>t4 ,we f9d t ! expression 8:o is ov] all ?+s1 ,,god bless$ = ev]0 is expressly ackn[l$g$ to ref] to our ,,savi\r by ! foll[+ #fj illu/ri\s names3-- ,ir5u17#fjh7--;,hippolytus 9 #c places17#fji7--,orig517#faj7--,mal*ion1 9 ! "n ( six ( ! ,bi%ops at ! ,c\ncil ( ,antio*1 ,a4,d4 #bfi17faa7--ps4-,dionysius ,alex41 twice17#fab7--! ,con/t4 ,app417#fac7--;,a?anasius 9 #f places17#fad7--;,basil 9 #b places17#fae7--;,didymus 9 #e places17#faf7--;,greg4 ,nyss54 9 #e places17#fag7--;,epiphanius 9 #e places17#fah7--,!odoras ,mops417#fai7--,me?odius17#fbj7--;,eu/a? ius17#fba7--;,eulogius1 twice17#fbb7--;,cs>ius1 #c times17#fbc7--,!ophilus ,alex41 twice17#fbd7--,ne/orius17#fbe7--,!odotus ( ,ancyra17#fbf7--,proclus1 twice17#fbg7--,sev]ianus ,bp4 ( ,gabala17#fbh7--;,*ryso/om1 #h times17#fbi7--;,cyril ,alex41 #ae times17#fcj7--,paulus ,bp4 ( ,emesa17#fca7--,!odoret1 #ab times17#fcb7--;,g5nadius1 ,abp4 ( ,c4 ,p417#fcc7--,sev]us1 ,abp4 ( ,antio*17#fcd7--;,amphilo*ius17#fce7--;, gelasius ,cyz417#fcf7--;,ana/asius ,ant417#fcg7--,leontius ,byz41 #c times17#fch7--,maximus17#fci7--;,j4 ,damasc5e1 #c times47#fdj7 ,besides ( ! ,lat9s1 ,t]tullian1 twice17#fda7--;,cyprian17#fdb7--,novatia n1 twice17#fdc7--;,ambrose1 #e times17#fdd7--,palladius ! ,arian at ! ,c\ncil ( ,aquileia17#fde7--;,hil>y1 #g times17#fdf7--;,j]ome1 twice17#fdg7--;,augu/9e1 ab\t #cj times1--,victor9us17#fdh7--! ,brevi>ium1 twice17#fdi7--,m>ius ,m]cator17#fej7--;,cassian1 twice17#fea7--;,alcimus ,avit417#feb7--;,fulg5tius1 twice17#fec7--,leo1 ,bp4 ( ,rome1 twice17#fed7--;,f]r&us1 twice17#fee7--;,facundus37#fef7--to :om mu/ be add$ #f anci5t writ]s1 ( :om #c7feg7 h be5 mi/ak5 = ,a?anasius1--& #c7feh7 = ,*ryso/om4 ,all ^! see 9 ,rom4 ix4 #e1 a glori\s ass]tion ( ! et]nal ,g,o,dhead ( ,,*ri/4 ,aga9/ su* an ov]:elm+ torr5t ( ,patri/ic te/imony1--= we h enum]at$ upw>ds ( sixty anci5t ,fa!rs--x w n surely be pret5d$ t ! ,soc9ian int]pretation1 to :i* our ,revisioni/s give su* prom95ce1 c /&4 ,b :y has x be5 introduc$ at all8 ,we %all h e ,*ri/ian read] ) u 9 our cont5tion1 t su* p]v]se imag9ations ( 8mod]n ,int]pret]s0 are n entitl$ to a place 9 ! m>g9 ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,= our ,revisioni/s to h ev5 giv5 !m curr5cy1 & !reby a species ( sanction1 con/itutes 9 our view a v grave (f5ce47#fei7 ,a public retraction & a v humble ,apology we claim at _! h&s4 ,indiff]5t ,s*ol>%ip1 & mi/ak5 views ( ,textual ,criticism1 are at lea/ v5ial matt]s4 ,b a ,soc9ian gloss gratuit\sly ?ru/ into ! m>g9 ( e ,engli%man's ,n4 ,t4 admits ( no excuse--is n to be tol]at$ on any t]ms4 ,x w\ld by itself1 9 our acc\nt1 h be5 suffici5t to det]m9e ! fate ( ! pres5t ,revision4 ,,xii4 ,are we to reg>d x z a k9d ( set-(f aga9/ all t goes be=e1 t 9 an age :5 ! p]sonality ( ,satan is freely call$ 9 "q1 8,,! ,,evil ,,"o0 has be5 actually ?ru/ into ! ,"l's ,pray]8 ,a m injudici\s & unw>rantable innovation x w\ld be impossible to indicate 9 any "p ( ! pres5t unhappy volume4 ,! case has be5 argu$ out ) mu* le>n+ & ability by two em95t ,div9es1 ,bp4 ,lightfoot & ,canon ,cook4 ,! ,canon rema9s ma/] ( ! field4 ,t ! *ange ought nev] to h be5 made is demon/rable4 ,! gr\nds ( ?is ass]tion are soon /at$4 ,to beg91 7#a7 ,x is admitt$ on all h&s t x mu/ = ev] rema9 a matt] ( op9ion only :e!r 9 ! expression 1 ! nom9ative case is 7z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 v4 #cg1 #ci3 ,rom4 xii4 #i71 or 7z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xiii4 #ai1 #ch3 ,eph4 vi4 #af71--;ei!r ( :i* yields a good s5se4 ,b !n--7#b7 ,! ,*ur* ( ,engl& 9 h] =mul>ies hav+ emphatically decl>$ t1 = h] "p1 %e adh]es to ! =m] alt]native1 x 0 9 a v high degree unbecom+ = ! ,revisioni/s to pret5d to ! enjoym5t ( c]ta9 k t ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& 9 s do+ 0 mi/ak53 & unless 8f evil0 be 8a cle> & pla9 error10 ! ,revisioni/s 7 b\nd to let x alone4 ,next--7#c71 ,x c nev] be "r to impose ! n>r[] int]pretation on words :i* h always be5 und]/ood to be> ! l>g] s5se3 especially :5 7z 9 ! pres5t in/ance7 ! l>g] mean+ di/9ctly includes & cov]s ! less]3 witness ! p>aphrase 9 our ,*ur* ,cate*ism1--8& t ,he w keep u 7a7 f all s9 & wick$ness1 & 7b7 f our gho/ly enemy1 & 7c7 f ev]la/+ dea?40--7#d7 ,b inde$ ,ca?olic ,tradition claims to be he>d 9 ?is behalf4 ,e ,*ri/ian at 8 ,baptism r5\nces n only 8! ,devil10 b also 8all 8 works1 ! va9 pomp & glory ( ! _w1 ) all covet\s desires ( ! same1 & ! c>nal desires ( ! fle%407#ffj7 ,& at ?is po9t--7#e71 ,! voice ( an inspir$ ,apo/le int]poses 9 atte/ation t ?is is inde$ ! true acceptation ( ! la/ petition 9 ! ,,"l',s ,pray]3 = :5 ,s4 ,paul says--8! ,,"l w deliv] me f e evil "w & w pres]ve me unto ,8 heav5ly k+dom2 to :om be glory = ev] & ev]4 ,am5107#ffa7--:at else is he ref]r+ to b to ! words j n[ "u consid]ation8 ,he expla9s t 9 ! ,,"l',s ,pray] x is 8f e evil "w0 t we pray to be 8deliv]$40 7,note also1 t he reta9s ! ,doxology47 ,comp>e ! places3-- ,s4 ,mat?4 vi4 #ac4-- 4 444 4 4 #b ,tim4 iv4 #ah4-- 444 4444 4 ,!n fur!r--7#f71 ,:at m unlikely ?an t our ,,"l w\ld end ) giv+ su* prom95ce to t rebel ,angel :om by dy+ ,he is decl>$ to h 8de/roy$08 7,heb4 ii4 #ad3 #a ,john iii4 #h47 ,=1 take away ! ,doxology 7z our ,revisioni/s propose71 & we %all beg9 ! ,,"l',s ,pray] ) 8,,our ,,fa!r10 & lit]ally end x )--! ,devil6--,b above all1--7#g7 ,let x nev] be =gott5 t ?is is ! patt]n ,pray]1 a portion ( e ,*ri/ian *ild's daily utt]ance1--! mo/ sacr$ ( all our =mul>ies1 & by f> ! mo/ (t5 repeat$1--into :i* x is attempt$ 9 ?is way to introduce a />tl+ novelty4 ,la/ly--7#h71 ,:5 x is call$ to m9d t no?+ %ort ( necessity has w>rant$ ! ,revisioni/s 9 introduc+ a s+le *ange into ! ,a4 ,v41--8cle> & pla9 errors0--& t no su* plea c be feign$ on ! pres5t occasion1 ! lib]ty :i* !y h tak5 9 ?is place mu/ be admitt$ to be absolutely )\t excuse4444 ,su* at lea/ are ! gr\nds on :i*1 = our own "p1 we refuse to ent]ta9 ! propos$ introduction ( ! ,devil into ! ,,"l',s ,pray]4 ,f ! position we h tak5 up1 x w be f\nd utt]ly impossible to dislodge u4 ,,xiii4 ,x is (t5 urg$ on behalf ( ! ,revisioni/s t ov] n a few d>k places ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les _! lab\rs h ?r[n important light4 ,let x n be suppos$ t we d5y ?is4 ,_m a ,scriptural difficulty vani%es ! in/ant a place is accurately translat$3 a f> great] numb]1 :5 ! r5d]+ is idiomatic4 ,x w\ld be /range inde$ if1 at ! end ( t5 ye>s1 ! comb9$ lab\rs ( upw>ds ( tw5ty ,s*ol>s1 ^: raison d'tre z ,revisioni/s 0 to d ?is v ?+1 _h n result$ 9 ! removal ( _m an obscurity 9 ! ,a4 ,v4 ( ,gospels & ,epi/les alike4 ,:at (f5ds u is ! discov]y t1 = e obscurity :i* has be5 remov$1 at lea/ half a doz5 o!rs h be5 introduc$3 9 o!r words1 t ! result ( ?is ,revision has be5 ! plant+ 9 ( a fre% crop ( difficulties1 be=e undream$ (2 s t a p]petual wre/l+ ) ^! is :at h]eaft] awaits ! dilig5t /ud5t ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,we speak n n[ ( passages :i* h be5 m]ely alt]$ = ! worse3 z :51 79 ,s4 ,james i4 #ag1 #ah17 we are invit$ to read1--8,e good gift & e p]fect boon is f above1 com+ d[n f ! ,fa!r ( lights1 ) :om c be no v>iation1 nei!r %ad[ t is ca/ by turn+4 ,( 8 own w he br\ght u =?40 ,griev\s z su* blemi%es are1 x is se5 at a glance t !y mu/ be set d[n to no?+ worse ?an ta/eless assiduity4 ,:at we compla9 ( is t1 misl$ by a deprav$ ,text1 our ,revis]s h (t5 made nons5se ( :at be=e 0 p]fectly cle>3 & h n only ?ru/ _m ( our ,,"l',s preci\s utt]ances out ( sight1 7e4g4 ,matt4 xvii4 #ba3 ,m>k x4 #ba & xi4 #bf3 ,luke ix4 #ee1 #ef72 b h attribut$ to ,him absurd say+s :i* ,he c]ta9ly nev] utt]$1 7e4g4 ,matt4 xix4 #ag72 or else1 giv5 su* a twi/ to :at ,he actually said1 t ,8 bless$ words are no long] recognizable1 7z 9 ,s4 ,matt4 xi4 #bc3 ,s4 ,m>k ix4 #bc3 xi4 #c74 ,take a sample3-- 7#a47 ,! ,*ur* has always und]/ood h] ,,"l to say1--8,,fa!r1 ,i w t !y also1 :om ,?\ ha/ giv5 ,me1 be ) ,me :]e ,i am2 t !y may behold ,my glory407#ffb7 ,we reject ) d[nright indignation ! proposal h5ce=? to read in/ead1--8,,fa!r1 t :i* ,?\ ha/ giv5 ,me ,i w t1 :]e ,i am1 !y also may be ) ,me10 c4 ,we suspect a mispr9t4 ,! passage reads l nons5se4 ,yes1 & nons5se x is1--9 ,greek z well z 9 ,engli%3 7 has be5 writt5 = --"o ( ! c\ntless btises = :i* ,b ,d are exclusively responsible2 & :i* ! weak sup]/ition ( ^! la/ days is = erect+ into a new ,revelation74 ,we appeal to ! old ,lat9 & to ! ,vulgate1--to ! bett] ,egyptian & to all ! ,syriac v]sions3 to e kn[n ,lection>y3 to ,clem5s ,alex417#ffc7--to ,eusebius17#ffd7--to ,nonnus17#ffe7--to ,basil17#fff7--to ,*ryso/om17#ffg7--to ,cyril17#ffh7--to ,cle/9us17#ffi7--to ,!odoret37#fgj7 n to m5tion ,cyprian17#fga7--;,ambrose17#fgb7--;,hil >y17#fgc7 c437#fgd7 & above all1 #af uncials1 beg9n+ ) ,a & ,c1--& ! :ole body ( ! cursives4 ,s _m words ought n to be requir$4 ,if m5 pref] _! 8mumpsimus0 to our 8sumpsimus10 let !m by all means h x3 b pray let !m keep _! rubbi% to !mselves1--& at lea/ leave our ,,savi\r',s words alone4 7#b47 ,we %all be told t ! =ego+ is an outrage\s in/ance4 ,x is4 ,!n take a few mild] cases4 ,!y ab\nd1 turn :i*ev] way we w4 ,?us1 we are invit$ to believe t ,s4 ,luke relates conc]n+ our ,,savi\r t ,he 80 l$ by ! ,_s 9 ! wild]ness dur+ =ty days0 7iv4 #a74 ,we />e at ?is new revelation1 & ref] to ! famili> ,greek4 ,x proves to be ! ,greek ( all ! copies 9 ! _w b f\r2 ! ,greek :i* suppli$ ! ,lat91 ! ,syrian1 ! ,coptic ,*ur*es1 ) ! text ( _! respective ,v]sions2 ! ,greek :i* 0 famili> to ,orig517#fge7--to ,eusebius17#fgf7--to ,basil17#fgg7--to ,didymus17#fgh7--to ,!odoret17#fgi7--to ,maximus17#fhj7--;& to two o!r anci5t writ]s1 "o ( :om has be5 mi/ak5 = ,*ryso/om17#fha7 ! o!r = ,basil47#fhb7 ,x is !re=e q above suspicion4 ,& x in=ms u t ,,jesus 80 l$ by ! ,_s into ! wild]ness20 & !re 0 8=ty days tempt$ ( ! ,devil40 ,:at !n has happ5$ to obscure s pla9 a /atem5t8 ,no?+ m s]i\s ?an t--7#a7 ,f\r copies ( bad "* 7 ,b ,d ,l7 exhibit 890 in/ead ( 8into30 & t--7#b7 ,our ,revisioni/s h be5 p]suad$ to believe t !re=e ,s4 ,luke mu/ ne$s h done ! same4 ,accord+ly !y invite u to %>e _! conviction t x 0 ! lead+ ab\t ( our ,,"l1 7& n ,8 ,temptation17 :i* la/$ = #dj days4 ,& ?is sorry misconception is to be ?ru/ ^u ! #ij millions ( ,engli%-speak+ ,*ri/ians ?r\gh\t ! _w1--"u ! plea ( 8necessity06444 ,b let u turn to a m int]e/+ specim5 ( ! mis*iev\s consequ5ces :i* w\ld ensue f ! acceptance ( ! pres5t s-call$ 8,revision40 7#c47 ,:at is to be ?\ght ( ?is1 z a sub/itute = ! famili> language ( #b ,cor4 xii4 #g8--8;,& by reason ( ! exce$+ greatness ( ! revelations--:]e=e1 t ,i %\ld n be exalt$ ov]mu*1 !re 0 giv5 to me a ?orn 9 ! fle%40 ,! ^w 8:]e=e0 771 :i* occasions all ! difficulty--7break+ ! back ( ! s5t5ce & necessitat+ ! hypo!sis ( a *ange ( con/ruction7--is due solely to ! influ5ce ( ,a ,,bb4 ,! ord9>y ,text is recogniz$ by almo/ e o!r copy2 by ! ,lat91--,syriac1--,go?ic1--,arm5ian ,v]sions2--z well z by ,ir5u17#fhc7--,orig517#fhd7--,mac>ius17# fhe7--;,a?anasius17#fhf7--;,*ryso/om17#f hg7--,!odoret17#fhh7--;,john ,damasc5e47#fhi7 ,ev5 ,tis*5dorf "h makes a /& & refuses to foll[ 8 accu/om$ guides47#fij7 ,9 pla9 t]ms1 ! text ( #b ,cor4 xii4 #g is beyond ! rea* ( suspicion4 ,sc>cely intelligible is ! infatuation ( :i* our ,revis]s h be5 ! dupes4--,qu\sque t&em8 7#d47 ,n[ ?is is ! me?od ( ! ,revis+ body ?r\gh\t3 viz4 s s]i\sly to maim ! ,text ( _m a famili> passage ( ,holy ,writ z effectually to m> x4 ,ev5 :]e !y rem$y an inaccuracy 9 ! r5d]+ ( ! ,a4 ,v41 !y (t5 inflict a m griev\s injury ?an mi/ranslation on ! inspir$ ,text4 ,an in/ance occurs at ,s4 ,john x4 #ad1 :]e ! good ,%eph]d says1--8,i "k ,m9e own & am kn[n ( ,m9e1 ev5 z ! ,,fa!r kn[e? ,me & ,i "k ! ,fa!r40 ,by ?ru/+ 9 "h ! ,mani*an depravation 78& ,m9e own "k ,me071 our ,revisioni/s h oblit]at$ ! exquisite div]sity ( expression 9 ! orig9al1--:i* implies t :]eas ! k :i* subsi/s betwe5 ! ,,fa!r & ! ,,son is id5tical on ei!r side1 n su* is ! k :i* subsi/s betwe5 ! creature & ! ,creator4 ,! ref9em5t 9 "q has be5 fai?fully reta9$ all d[n ! ages by e copy 9 exi/5ce except f\r ( bad "*1-- ,b ,d ,l4 ,x is witness$ to by ! ,syriac1--by ,mac>ius17#fia7--;,gregory ,naz417#fib7--;,*ryso/om17#fic7--;,cyril ,alex417#fid7--,!odoret17#fie7--,maximus 47#fif7 ,b :y g on8 ,does any "o 9 8 sob] s5ses suppose t if ,s4 ,john _h writt5 8,m9e own "k ,me10 #iif manuscripts out ( #ajjj1 at ! end ( #ahjj ye>s1 w\ld be f\nd to exhibit 8,i am kn[n ( ,m9e08 7#e47 ,! =ego+ in/ances mu/ suffice4 ,a brief enum]ation ( _m m has be5 giv5 already1 at pp4 #add7;b7-#aeb4 ,n[1 9 view ( ! ph5om5on j discov]$ to u1--7viz4 = "o crop ( de=mities we$$ out1 an inf9itely l>g] crop ( f> gross] de=mities z indu/ri\sly plant$ 917--we confess to a feel+ ( di/ress & annoyance :i* altoge!r indisposes u to accord to ! ,revisioni/s t language ( congratulation ) :i* x w\ld h be5 s agreeable to receive _! well-meant endeav\rs4 ,! s]i\s "q at once arises1--,is x to be ?\ght t ^u ! :ole we are ga9]s1 or los]s1 by ! ,revis$ ,v]sion8 ,& !re seems to be no c]ta9 way ( resolv+ ?is d\bt1 b by op5+ a 8,pr(it & ,loss acc\nt0 ) ! ,revis]s1--cr$it+ !m ) e item ( ga91 & debit+ !m ) e item ( loss4 ,b !n1--7& we ask ! "q ) sangu9e simplicity17--,:y %\ld x n be all ga9 & no loss1 :51 at ! end ( #bgj ye>s1 a confess$ly noble "w1 a truly unique specim5 ( g5ius1 ta/e & le>n+1 is submitt$ to a body ( ,s*ol>s1 equipp$ ) e ext]nal advantage1 only 9 ord] t !y may improve ^u x--if !y are able8 ,^! le>n$ individuals h _h upw>ds ( t5 ye>s :]e9 to d _! "w4 ,!y h enjoy$ ! b5efit ( ! t5tative lab\rs ( a ho/ ( pr$ecessors1--"s = _! w>n+1 "s = _! help & guidance4 ,!y h all along _h be=e _! eyes ! solemn injunction t1 :atev] !y 7 n able c]ta9ly to improve1 !y 7 to be supremely c>eful to let alone4 ,!y 7 w>n$ at ! outset aga9/ any b 8necess>y0 *anges4 ,_! sole bus9ess 0 to remove 8pla9 & cle> errors40 ,!y _h pl$g$ !mselves to introduce 8z few alt]ations z possible40 ,:y !n1 we aga9 ask1--,:y %\ld n e s+le innovation :i* !y introduc$ into ! gr& old exempl> be=e !m1 prove to be a manife/1 an und5iable *ange = ! bett]87#fig7 ,,xiv4 ,! m we pond] ov] ?is un=tunate production1 ! m cordially d we regret t x 0 ev] und]tak54 ,v]ily1 ! ,nor!rn ,convocation display$ a f>-sight$ wisdom :5 x pron\nc$ aga9/ ! project f ! fir/4 ,we are con/ra9$ to decl>e t c\ld we h conceiv$ x possible t ! p]sons orig9ally appo9t$ by ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce w\ld h co-opt$ into _! body p]sons capable ( execut+ _! "w ) su* extravagant lic5ti\sness z well z su* conspicu\s bad ta/e1 we %\ld nev] h ent]ta9$ "o hopeful ?\ght on ! subject4 ,= inde$ e *>act]i/ic feature ( ! "w ( ! ,revisioni/s (f5ds u1--z well 9 respect ( :at !y h left undone1 z ( :at !y h be5 ! fir/ to v5ture to d3-- 7a7 ,*>g$ 8to introduce z few alt]ations z possible into ! ,text ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10 !y h on ! contr>y evid5tly act$ ?r\gh\t on ! pr9ciple ( mak+ z _m *anges 9 x z !y conv5i5tly c\ld4 7b7 ,direct$ 8to limit1 z f> z possible1 ! expression ( su* alt]ations to ! language ( ! ,au?oriz$ & e>li] ,engli% ,v]sions10--!y h introduc$ su* t]ms z 8assass910 8app>ition10 8boon10 8disp>agem5t10 8div9ity10 8effulg5ce10 8epileptic10 8fickl5ess10 8gratulation10 8irksome10 8int]pose10 8pitiable10 8sluggi%10 8/upor10 8surpass10 8tranquil30 su* comp\nds z 8self-control10 8_w-rul]30 su* phrases z 8draw up a n>rative30 8! impulse ( ! /e]sman30 89 lack ( daily food30 8ex]cis+ ov]sight40 ,^! are b a v few samples ( ! (f5ce committ$ by our ,revisioni/s1 ( :i* we compla94 7c7 ,:]eas !y 7 requir$ 8to revise ! ,head+s ( ! ,*apt]s10 !y h n ev5 reta9$ !m4 ,we dem& at lea/ to h our excell5t 8,head+s0 back4 7d7 ,& :at has become ( our "t-hon\r$ 8,m>g9al ,ref]5ces10--! v be/ ,comm5t>y on ! ,bible1 z we believe1--c]ta9ly ! v be/ help = ! "r und]/&+ ( ,scripture1--:i* ! wit ( man ha? ev] yet devis$8 ,! 8,m>g9al ,ref]5ces0 w\ld be lo/ to ! ,*ur* = ev]1 if ! "w ( ! ,revisioni/s 7 all[$ to /&3 ! space requir$ = _! ins]tion hav+ be5 completely swall[$ up by ! s5seless1 & worse ?an s5seless1 ,textual ,annotations :i* at pres5t infe/ ! m>g9 ( e sacr$ page4 ,we are beyond measure amaz$ t ! ,revisioni/s h ev5 depriv$ ! read] ( ! ess5tial aid ( ref]5ces to ! places ( ! ,old ,te/am5t :i* are quot$ 9 ! ,new4 7e7 ,let ! rem>k be add$ 9 pass+1 t we greatly dislike ! affectation ( pr9t+ c]ta9 quotations f ! ,old ,te/am5t aft] ! /range me?od adopt$ by our ,revis]s f ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 7f7 ,! fur!r ext]nal assimilation ( ! ,sacr$ ,volume to an ord9>y book by gett+ rid ( ! division into ,v]ses1 we also hold to be a great mi/ake4 ,9 ! ,greek1 by all means let ! v]ses be m]ely not$ 9 ! m>g93 b1 = m ?an "o weighty reason1 9 ! ,engli% ,bible let ! e/abli%$ & peculi> me?od ( pr9t+ ! ,^w ( ,,god1 tide :at tide1 be scrupul\sly reta9$4 7g7 ,b incomp>ably ! grave/ (f5ce is beh9d4 ,by f> ! mo/ s]i\s ( all is t ,error to ! consid]ation ( :i* we devot$ our =m] ,article4 ,,! ,,new ,,greek ,,text :i*1 9 defiance ( _! ,in/ructions17#fih7 our ,revisioni/s h con/ruct$1 has be5 prov$ to be utt]ly undes]v+ ( confid5ce4 ,built up on a fallacy :i* s9ce #ahca has be5 dom9ant 9 ,g]many1 & :i* has lately f\nd b too mu* fav\r among ourselves1 x is 9 ! ma9 a reproduction ( ! rec5t lab\rs ( ,doctors ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,b we h already record$ our conviction1 t ! results at :i* ^? em95t ,s*ol>s h arriv$ are :olly inadmissible4 ,x foll[s t1 9 our acc\nt1 ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion10 has be5 all along a =$oom$ ?+4 ,if ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 be inde$ a tissue ( fabricat$ ,read+s1 ! translation ( ^! into ,engli% mu/ ne$s prove lo/ lab\r4 ,x is sup]flu\s to enquire into ! m]its ( ! ,engli% r5d]+ ( words :i* ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les demon/rably nev] wrote4 7h7 ,ev5 ?is1 h[ev]1 is n ne>ly all4 ,z ,translators1 full two-?irds ( ! ,revisioni/s h %[n !mselves s+ul>ly defici5t1--alike 9 _! critical acqua9tance ) ! language out ( :i* !y _h to translate1 & 9 _! famili>ity ) ! idiomatic requirem5ts ( _! own tongue4 ,!y _h a noble ,v]sion be=e !m1 :i* !y h contriv$ to spoil 9 e "p4 ,its dignifi$ simplicity & ess5tial fai?fulness1 its manly grace & its delightful rhy?m1 !y h %[n !mselves alike unable to imitate & unwill+ to reta94 ,_! que] unc\? phraseology & _! j]ky s5t5ces3--_! p$antic obscurity & _! /iff1 con/ra9$ mann]3--_! fidgetty affectation ( accuracy1--& _! habitual a*ievem5t ( ,engli% :i* fails to exhibit ! _s ( ! orig9al ,greek2--are sorry sub/itutes = ! liv+ fre%ness1 & ela/ic fre$om1 & habitual fidelity ( ! gr& old ,v]sion :i* we inh]it$ f our ,fa!rs1 & :i* has su/a9$ ! spiritual life ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & ( all ,engli%-speak+ ,*ri/ians1 = #cej ye>s4 ,l9k$ ) all our holie/1 happie/ memories1 & b\nd up ) all our pure/ aspirations3 "p & p>cel ( :atev] !re is ( good ab\t u3 fraught ) m5's hopes ( a bless$ ,et]nity & _m a bright vision ( ! nev]-end+ ,life2--! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 :]ev] x 0 possible1 %\ld h be5 jeal\sly reta9$4 ,b on ! contr>y4 ,e famili> cad5ce has be5 dislocat$3 ! cong5ial fl[ ( almo/ e v]se ( ,scripture has be5 hopelessly m>r$3 s _m ( ^? little connect+ words1 :i* give life & cont9uity to a n>rative1 h be5 vexati\sly displac$1 t a p]petual s5se ( annoyance is creat$4 ,! c\ntless m9ute alt]ations :i* h be5 ne$lessly introduc$ into e famili> page prove at la/ z torm5t+ z a sw>m ( flies to ! we>y travell] on a summ]'s day47#fii7 ,to speak pla9ly1 ! book has be5 made unreadable4 ,b 9 fact ! di/+ui%$ ,*airman ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,company 7,bi%op ,ellicott17 has deliv]$ himself on ?is subject 9 language :i* leaves no?+ to be desir$1 & :i* we will+ly make our own4 8,no ,revision0 7he says7 89 ! pres5t day c\ld hope to meet ) an h\r's acceptance if x fail$ to pres]ve ! tone1 rhy?m1 & diction ( ! pres5t ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion407#gjj7--,:at else is ?is b a vatic9ation1--( :i* ! un9spir$ ,au?or1 by 8 own act & de$1 has ensur$ ! punctual fulfilm5t8 ,we lay ! ,revis]s' volume d[n conv9c$ t ! case ( _! "w is simply hopeless4 ,non ego paucis (f5d> maculis4 ,_h ! blemi%es be5 capable ( be+ reckon$ up1 x might h be5 wor? :ile to try to rem$y "s ( !m4 ,b :51 in/ead ( be+ disfigur$ by a few we$s scatt]$ "h & !re1 ! :ole field proves to be s[n ov] 9 e direction ) ?orns & bri>s2 above all :51 deep b5ea? ! surface1 roots ( bitt]ness to be c\nt$ by ?\s&s1 are f\nd to h be5 sil5tly plant$ 91 :i* are sure to produce poison\s fruit aft] _m days3--"u su* circum/ances only "o c\rse c be prescrib$4 ,let ! entire area be pl\gh$ up1--pl\gh$ deep2 & let ! gr\nd be left = a dec5t space ( "t )\t cultivation4 ,x is idle--worse ?an idle--to dream ( revis+1 ) a view to reta9+1 ?is ,revision4 ,ano!r g5]ation ( /ud5ts mu/ be suff]$ to arise4 ,"t mu/ be giv5 = ,passion & ,prejudice to cool effectually d[n4 ,p>tizan%ip1 7:i* at pres5t prevails to an extraord9>y ext5t1 b :i* is wondr\sly out ( place 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( ,sacr$ ,le>n+17--,p>tizan%ip mu/ be completely outliv$1--be=e ! ,*ur* c v5ture1 ) ! remote/ prospect ( a successful issue1 to organize ano!r attempt at revis+ ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,scriptures4 ,yes1 & 9 ! meantime--7let x 9 all fai?fulness be add$7--! ,sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism w h to be prosecut$1 = ! fir/ "t1 9 a s*ol>like mann]4 ,,fundam5tal ,,pr9ciples1--suffici5tly axiomatic to ensure g5]al acceptance1--w h to be laid d[n = m5's guidance4 ,! "t has q gone by = vaunt+ 8! n[ e/abli%$ ,pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism107#gja7--;z if !y _h an actual exi/5ce4 ,let u be %[n1 in/ead1 :i* ^? ,pr9ciples be4 ,z = ! weak sup]/ition ( ^! la/ days1 :i*--)\t pro( ( any k9d--w\ld erect two ,i,vth-c5tury ,copies ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 7demon/rably d]iv$ f "o & ! same utt]ly deprav$ ar*etype17 into an au?ority f :i* !re %all be no appeal1--x _c be too soon or too unconditionally ab&on$4 ,&1 p]haps beyond all ?+s1 m5 mu/ be invit$ to disabuse _! m9ds ( ! s+ul> imag9ation t x is 9 _! p[]1 :5 address+ !mselves to t mo/ difficult & delicate ( problems1--! improvem5t ( ! ,traditional ,text1--8solv]e ambul&o407#gjb7 ,!y are assur$ t !y may n take to ,textual ,criticism z ducks take to ! wat]4 ,!y w be dr[n$ inevitably if !y are s ill-advis$ z to make ! attempt4 ,!n fur!r1 ^? :o w\ld int]pret ! ,new ,te/am5t ,scriptures1 are rem9d$ t a ?or\gh acqua9tance ) ! ,septuag9tal ,v]sion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is "o indisp5sable condition ( success47#gjc7 ,& f9ally1 ! ,revisioni/s ( ! future 7if !y desire t _! lab\rs %\ld be cr[n$71 w f9d x _! wisdom to practise a sev]e self-d5ial2 to conf9e !mselves to ! correction ( 8pla9 & cle> errors20 & 9 fact to 8introduce into ! ,text z few alt]ations z possible40 ,on a review ( all t has happ5$1 f fir/ to la/1 we c b feel greatly conc]n$3 greatly surpris$3 mo/ ( all1 disappo9t$4 ,we _h expect$ a va/ly diff]5t result4 ,x is p>tly 7n q7 acc\nt$ =1 by ! r>e att5dance 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] ( "s ( ! names on :i* we _h *iefly reli$4 ,bi%op ,mob]ly 7( ,salisbury7 0 pres5t on only #aba occasions3 ,bi%op ,wordswor? 7( ,s4 ,&rews7 on only #aji3 ,ar*bi%op ,tr5* 7( ,dubl97 on only #fc3 ,bi%op ,wilb]=ce on only "o4 ,! ,ar*bi%op1 9 8 ,*>ge1 adv]ts to 8! n unfrequ5t sacrifice ( grace & ease to ! rigor\s requirem5ts ( a lit]al accuracy20 & reg>ds !m 8z pu%$ to a faulty excess0 7p4 #bb74 ,elev5 ye>s be=e ! s*eme = ! pres5t 8,revision0 _h be5 matur$1 ! same di/+ui%$ & judici\s ,prelate1 7!n ,dean ( ,we/m9/]17 p]suad$ z he 0 t a ,revision ought to come1 & conv9c$ t 9 "t x w\ld come1 deprecat$ its be+ attempt$ yet4 ,8 words 71--8,n h[ev]1 ,i w\ld tru/1 z yet3 = we are n z yet 9 any respect prep>$ = x4 ,! ,greek1 & ! ,engli% :i* %\ld enable u to br+ ?is to a successful end might1 x is to be fe>$1 be want+ alike407#gjd7 ,ar*bi%op ,tr5*1 ) wise aft]-?\ght1 9 a second edition1 expla9$ himself to mean 8t special ,hell5i/ic ,greek1 "h requir$40 ,! ,bp4 ( ,s4 ,&rews has long s9ce1 9 ! fulle/ mann]1 cle>$ himself f ! suspicion ( complicity 9 ! errors ( ! "w be=e u1--z well 9 respect ( ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 z ( ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion40 ,9 ! ,*>ge :i* he deliv]$ at 8 ,diocesan ,synod1 7#bbnd ,sept4 #ahhj17 he op5ly /at$ t two ye>s be=e ! "w 0 f9ally complet$1 he _h felt oblig$ to address a pr9t$ circul> to ea* memb] ( ! ,company1 9 :i* he /rongly remon/rat$ aga9/ ! excess to :i* *anges _h be5 c>ri$2 & t ! remon/rance _h be51 = ! mo/ "p1 unhe$$4 ,_h ?is be5 o!rwise1 !re is good reason to believe t ! reception :i* ! ,revision has met ) w\ld h be5 f> less unfav\rable1 & t _m a controv]sy :i* x has /irr$ up1 w\ld h be5 avoid$4 ,we h be5 assur$ t ! ,bp4 ( ,s4 ,&rews w\ld h actually resign$ 8 place 9 ! ,company at t "t1 if he _h n be5 l$ to expect t "s opportunity w\ld h be5 tak5 by ! ,m9ority1 :5 ! "w 0 f9i%$1 to express _! =mal diss5t f ! c\rse :i* _h be5 foll[$1 & _m ( ! conclusions :i* _h be5 adopt$4 ,7 c]ta9 o!r excell5t p]sonages1 7,s*ol>s & ,div9es ( ! be/ type7 :o 7 (t5 pres5t1 dispos$ at ?is late h\r to come =w>d1 !y too w\ld d\btless tell u t !y he>tily regrett$ :at 0 done1 b 7 p[]less to prev5t x4 ,x is no secret t ,dr4 ,lee1--! le>n$ ,ar*deacon ( ,dubl91--7"o ( ! few really compet5t memb]s ( ! ,revis+ body17--f\nd himself p]petually 9 ! m9ority4 ,! same is to be record$ conc]n+ ,dr4 ,rob]ts1 ^: "w on ! ,gospels 7publi%$ 9 #ahfd7 %[s t he is n by any means s entirely a novice 9 ! my/]ies ( ,textual ,criticism z c]ta9 ( 8 colleagues4--,"o fam\s ,s*ol> & excell5t ,div9e1--a ,dean :om we =be> to "n1--) ! mode/y ( real le>n+1 (t5 )held :at 7_h he giv5 x7 w\ld h be5 an adv]se vote4--,ano!r le>n$ & accompli%$ ,dean 7,dr4 ,m]ivale71 aft] att5d+ #ai meet+s ( ! ,revis+ body1 )drew 9 disgu/ f !m entirely4 ,he disapprov$ ! me?od ( 8 colleagues1 & 0 det]m9$ to incur no %>e ( responsibility = ! probable result ( _! delib]ations4--,by ! way1--,:at ab\t a c]ta9 solemn ,prote/1 by means ( :i* ! ,m9ority _h resolv$ lib]>e animas suas conc]n+ ! op5 disreg>d %[n by ! ,majority = ! conditions "u :i* !y _h be5 entru/$ ) ! "w ( ,revision1 b :i* 0 )held at ! la/ mom5t8 ,inasmu* z _! reasons = ! c\rse !y ev5tually adopt$ seem$ suffici5t to ^? high-m9d$ & hon\rable m51 we =be> to *all5ge x4 ,no?+ h[ev] %all det] u f pla9ly av[+ our own op9ion t human reg>ds sc>cely des]ve a he>+ :5 ,,god',s ,tru? is imp]ill$4 ,& t ! ,tru? ( ,,god',s ,^w 9 c\ntless in/ances has be5 ignorantly sacrific$ by a majority ( ! ,revisioni/s--7out ( def]5ce to a wor?less ,!ory1 newly inv5t$ & passionately advocat$ by two ( _! body71--has be5 already demon/rat$2 z f>1 t is1 z demon/ration is possible 9 ?is subject matt]4 ,z = ,preb5d>y ,scriv5]1--! only really compet5t ,textual ,critic ( ! :ole p>ty1--x is well kn[n t he f\nd himself p]petually outvot$ by two-?irds ( ^? pres5t4 ,we look =w>d to ! =?com+ new edition ( 8 ,pla9 ,introduction1 9 ! confid5t belief t he w !re make x abundantly pla9 t he is 9 no degree responsible = ! mon/r\s ,text :i* x became 8 pa9ful duty to conduct ?r\gh ! ,press on behalf ( ! entire body1 ( :i* he cont9u$ to ! la/ to be a memb]4 ,x is no secret t1 ?r\gh\t1 ,dr4 ,scriv5] plead$ 9 va9 = ! g5]al view we h ourselves advocat$ 9 ?is & ! prec$+ ,article4 ,all alike may at lea/ enjoy ! real satisfaction ( kn[+ t1 besides hav+ /imulat$1 to an extraord9>y ext5t1 public att5tion to ! cont5ts ( ! ,book ( ,life1 !y h be5 in/rum5tal 9 awak5+ a liv+ int]e/ 9 "o important b neglect$ dep>tm5t ( ,sacr$ ,sci5ce1 :i* w n easily be aga9 put to sleep4 ,x may reasonably prove a solace to !m to reflect t !y h besides1 al?\gh p]haps 9 ways !y did n anticipate1 r5d]$ excell5t s]vice to mank9d4 ,a monum5t !y h c]ta9ly erect$ to !mselves1--?\gh nei!r ( _! ,ta/e nor yet ( _! ,le>n+4 ,_! well-meant endeav\rs h provid$ an admirable text-book = ,tea*]s ( ,div9ity1--:o w h5ce=? in/ruct _! pupils to bew>e ( ! ,textual errors ( ! ,revisioni/s ( #ahha1 z well z ( _! ta/eless1 injudici\s1 & unsatisfactory essays 9 ,translation4 ,?is "w ( !irs w dis*>ge ! (fice ( a w>n+ beacon to z _m z %all h]eaft] emb>k on ! same p]il\s ent]prise ) !mselves4 ,x w conv9ce m5 ( ! dang] ( pursu+ ! same ill-om5$ c\rse3 tru/+ to ! same unskilful guidance3 v5tur+ too ne> ! same wreck-/rewn %ore4 ,its effect w be to op5 m5's eyes1 z no?+ else c\ld possibly h done1 to ! dang]s :i* beset ! ,revision ( ,scripture4 ,x w tea* fai?ful he>ts to cl+ ! clos] to ! priceless treasure :i* 0 bequea!d to !m by ! piety & wisdom ( _! fa!rs4 ,x w dispel = ev] ! dream ( ^? :o h secretly imag9$ t a m exact ,v]sion1 und]tak5 ) ! boa/$ helps ( ?is n9ete5? c5tury ( ours1 w\ld br+ to light some?+ :i* has be5 hi!rto unfairly kept conceal$ or else misrepres5t$4 ,n ! lea/ s]vice :i* ! ,revisioni/s h r5d]$ has be5 ! pro( _! "w af=ds1 h[ v seldom our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion is mat]ially wrong3 h[ fai?ful & tru/wor?y1 on ! contr>y1 x is ?r\gh\t4 ,let x be also c&idly admitt$ t1 ev5 :]e 79 our judgm5t7 ! ,revisioni/s h err$1 !y h nev] _h ! mis=tune s]i\sly to obscure a s+le feature ( ,div9e ,tru?2 nor h !y 9 any qu>t] 7z we hope7 inflict$ w\nds :i* w be att5d$ ) worse results ?an to leave a hide\s sc> beh9d !m4 ,x is b fair to add t _! "w be>s m>ks ( an am\nt ( consci5ti\s 7?\gh misdirect$7 lab\r1 :i* ^? only c fully appreciate :o h made ! same prov9ce ( /udy to "s ext5t _! own4 ,,article ,,iii4 ,,we/cott ,,& ,,hort',s ,,new ,,textual ,,!ory4 8,9 ! det]m9ation ( disput$ read+s1 ^! ,critics avail !mselves ( s small a portion ( exi/+ mat]ials1 or all[ s little weight to o!rs1 t ! ,/ud5t :o foll[s !m has positively less gr\nd = 8 convictions ?an =m] ,s*ol>s _h at any p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( mod]n ,criticism40--,,canon ,,cook1 p4 #af4 8,we h no "r1 d\btless1 to assume t our ,pr9ciples are infallible3 b we h a "r to claim t any "o :o rejects !m 444 %\ld confute ! ,argum5ts & rebut ! ,evid5ce on :i* ! opposite conclusion has be5 f\nd$4 ,/rong expressions ( ,individual ,op9ion are n ,argum5ts40--,,bp4 ,,ellicott',s ,pamphlet1 7#ahhb17 p4 #dj4 ,our 8me?od involves va/ rese>*1 unwe>i$ pati5ce4444 ,x w !re=e f9d b little fav\r ) ^? :o adopt ! easy me?od 444 ( us+ "s fav\rite ,manuscript1 or "s suppos$ p[] ( div9+ ! ,orig9al ,text40--,,bp4 ,,ellicott1 ,ibid4 p4 #ai4 8,non enim sumus sicut plurimi1 adult]antes 77 v]bum ,,dei40--#b ,cor4 ii4 #ag4 8,:o is ?is t d>k5e? c\nsel by words )\t k80--,,job xxxviii4 #b4 8,c ! bl9d lead ! bl9d8 %all !y n bo? fall into ! dit*80--,s4 ,,luke vi4 #ci4 ,propos+ to ourselves 7,may #ag?1 #ahha7 to enquire into ! m]its ( ! rec5t ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,scriptures1 we spe$ily became aw>e t an entirely diff]5t problem await$ u & dem&$ prelim9>y inve/igation4 ,we made ! di/ress+ discov]y1 t ! und]ly+ ,greek ,text _h be5 completely refa%ion$ ?r\gh\t4 ,x 0 accord+ly n s mu* a 8,revis$ ,engli% ,v]sion0 z a 8,new ,greek ,text10 :i* 0 *all5g+ public acceptance4 ,premature !re=e1--n to say prepo/]\s1--w\ld h be5 any enquiry into ! degree ( ability ) :i* ! orig9al ,greek _h be5 r5d]$ into ,engli% by our ,revisioni/s1 until we _h fir/ satisfi$ ourselves t x 0 /ill 8! orig9al ,greek0 ) :i* we _h to deal3 or :e!r x _h be5 ! supreme infelicity ( a body ( ,s*ol>s claim+ to act by ! au?ority ( ! sacr$ ,synod ( ,cant]bury1 to put !mselves into ! h&s ( "s +5i\s !ory-mong]1 & to become ! dupes ( any ( ! /range delusions :i* are f\nd unhappily /ill to prevail 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s1 on ! subject ( ,textual ,criticism4 ,! correction ( kn[n ,textual errors ( c\rse we eag]ly expect$3 & on e occasion :5 ! ,traditional ,text 0 alt]$1 we z confid5tly dep5d$ on f9d+ a record ( ! circum/ance ins]t$ ) religi\s fidelity into ! m>g91--z agre$ ^u by ! ,revisioni/s at ! outset4 ,9 bo? ( ^! expectations h[ev] we f\nd ourselves sadly disappo9t$4 ,! ,revisioni/s h n correct$ ! 8kn[n ,textual errors40 ,on ! o!r h&1 besides sil5tly adopt+ mo/ ( ^? wret*$ fabrications :i* are j n[ 9 fav\r ) ! ,g]man s*ool1 !y h encumb]$ _! m>g9 ) ^? o!r ,read+s :i*1 aft] due exam9ation1 !y _h !mselves delib]ately reject$4 ,= :y8 ,because1 9 _! collective judgm5t1 8= ! pres5t1 x w\ld n be safe to accept "o ,read+ to ! absolute exclusion ( o!rs407#gje7 ,a fatal admission truly6 ,:at are f\nd 9 ! m>g9 are !re=e 8alt]native ,read+s10--9 ! op9ion ( ^! self-con/itut$ repres5tatives ( ! ,*ur* & ( ! ,sects4 ,x becomes evid5t t1 by ?is ill-advis$ proce$+1 our ,revisioni/s w\ld conv]t e ,engli%man's copy ( ! ,new ,te/am5t into a "o-sid$ ,introduction to ! ,critical difficulties ( ! ,greek ,text2 a labyr9?1 out ( :i* !y h n be5 at ! pa9s to supply him ) a s+le h9t z to h[ he may f9d 8 way4 ,on ! contr>y4 ,by c&idly av[+ t !y f9d !mselves envelop$ 9 ! same ,/ygian d>kness ) ! ord9>y ,engli% ,read]1 !y give him to und]/& t !re is absolutely no escape f ! difficulty4 ,:at else mu/ be ! result ( all ?is b g5]al unc]ta9ty1 confusion1 di/ress8 ,a hazy mi/ru/ ( all ,scripture has be5 ins9uat$ into ! he>ts & m9ds ( c\ntless millions1 :o 9 ?is way h be5 =c$ to become d\bt]s1--yes1 d\bt]s 9 ! ,tru? ( ,revelation itself4 ,"o recals sorr[fully ! t]rible woe d5\nc$ by ! ,au?or ( ,scripture on ^? :o m9i/] occasions ( fall+ to o!rs3--8,x mu/ ne$s be t (f5ces come2 b woe to t man by :om ! (f5ce come?60 ,= ourselves1 %ock$ & (f5d$ at ! unfai?fulness :i* c\ld s deal ) ! sacr$ ,deposit1 we made x our bus9ess to expose1 some:at 9 detail1 :at _h be5 ! me?od ( our ,revisioni/s4 ,9 our ,octob] numb]7#gjf7 we demon/rat$1 7z f> z 0 possible )9 su* n>r[ limits17 ! utt]ly untru/wor?y "* ( n a few ( ! results at :i*1 aft] t5 ye>s ( c>eful /udy1 ^! di/+ui%$ ,s*ol>s proclaim to ! civiliz$ _w t !y h delib]ately arriv$4 ,9 our ,janu>y numb]7#gjg7 also1 we f\nd x impossible to avoid ext5d+ our enum]ation ( ,textual errors & multiply+ our pro(s1 :ile we 7 mak+ x our bus9ess to %[ t1 ev5 _h _! ,text be5 faultless1 _! ,translation mu/ ne$s be reject$ z intol]able1 on gr\nds ( defective ,s*ol>%ip & egregi\s bad ,ta/e4 ,! popul> v]dict has 9 ! meantime be5 pron\nc$ unmi/akably4 ,x is already admitt$ on all h&s t ! ,revision has be5 a prodigi\s blund]4 ,h[ x came ab\t t1 ) su* a fir/-rate textual ,critic among !m z ,preb5d>y ,scriv5]17#gjh7 ! ,revis]s ( #ahha %\ld h delib]ately gone back to ^? vile fabrications f :i* ! good ,provid5ce ( ,,god pres]v$ ,erasmus & ,/unica1--,/eph5s & ,beza & ! ,elzevirs1--?ree c5turies ago3--h[ x happ5$ t1 ) s _m spl5did ,s*ol>s sitt+ r\nd _! table1 !y %\ld h produc$ a ,translation :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 reads l a fir/-rate s*ool-boy's crib1--ta/eless1 unlovely1 h>%1 unidiomatic2--s]vile )\t be+ really fai?ful1--p$antic )\t be+ really le>n$2--an unreadable ,translation1 9 %ort2 ! result ( a va/ am\nt ( lab\r inde$1 b ( wondr\s little skill3--h[ all ?is has come ab\t1 x 7 utt]ly useless at ?is "t ( day to enquire4 ,unable to disprove ! correctness ( our ,criticism on ! ,revis$ ,greek ,text1 ev5 9 a s+le in/ance1 c]ta9 p>tizans ( ! ,revision1--s+ul> to relate1--h be5 ev] s9ce indu/ri\sly promulgat+ ! notion1 t ! ,review]'s great mis=tune & fatal disadvantage all along has be51 t he wrote 8 fir/ ,article be=e ! publication ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,critical 8,introduction40 ,_h he b be5 s happy z to h be5 made aw>e by ^? em95t ,s*ol>s ( ! critical pr9ciples :i* h guid$ !m 9 ! con/ruction ( _! ,text1 h[ diff]5tly mu/ he h express$ himself ?r\gh\t1 & to :at widely diff]5t conclusions mu/ he h inevitably arriv$6 ,?is is :at has be5 once & aga9 ei!r op5ly decl>$1 or else privately intimat$1 9 _m qu>t]s4 ,"s1 9 ! w>m? ( _! p>tizan%ip1 h be5 s ill-advis$ z to ins9uate t x argues ei!r a defici5cy ( moral c\rage1 or else ( intellectual p]ception1 9 ! ,review]1 t he has n long s9ce grappl$ def9itely ) ! ,!ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1--& ei!r publi%$ an ,answ] to x1 or else frankly admitt$ t he f9ds x unansw]able4 7a7 ,all ( :i* /rikes u z que] 9 a high degree4 ,fir/1 because z a matt] ( fact we 7 c>eful to make x pla9 t ! ,introduction 9 "q _h duly rea*$ u be=e ! fir/ %eet ( our e>li] ,article _h left our h&s4 ,to be brief1--we made x our bus9ess to procure a copy & read x ?r\gh1 ! in/ant we he>d ( its publication3 & on our f\rte5? page 7see above1 pp4 #bf-h7 we endeav\r$ to compress into a long foot-note "s acc\nt ( a ,!ory :i* 7we take leave to say7 c appe> =midable only to "o :o ei!r lacks ! pati5ce to /udy x1 or else ! k requisite to und]/& x4 ,we f\nd t1 f a dilig5t p]usal ( ! ,preface prefix$ to ! 8limit$ & private issue0 ( #ahgj1 we _h =m$ a p]fectly correct e/imate ( ! cont5ts ( ! ,introduction2 & _h already *>act]iz$ x ) entire accuracy at pp4 #bd to #bi ( our fir/ ,article4 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! orig9al ,greek 0 discov]$ to 8p>take inconv5i5tly ( ! nature ( a "w ( ! ,imag9ation10--z we _h anticipat$4 ,we became easily conv9c$ t 8^? accompli%$ ,s*ol>s _h succe$$ 9 produc+ a ,text va/ly m remote f ! inspir$ autographs ( ! ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les ( our ,,"l1 ?an any :i* has appe>$ s9ce ! inv5tion ( ,pr9t+40 7b7 ,b ! que]e/ circum/ance is beh9d4 ,h[ is x suppos$ t any am\nt ( /udy ( ! la/ new ,!ory ( ,textual ,revision c s]i\sly affect a ,review]'s e/imate ( ! evid5tial value ( ! hi/orical facts on :i* he relies = 8 pro( t a c]ta9 exhibition ( ! ,greek ,text is untru/wor?y8 ,! onus prob&i re/s cle>ly n ) him1 b ) ^? :o call ^? pro(s ( 8 9 "q4 ,m ( ?is1 h[ev]1 by & by4 ,we are impati5t to get on4 7c7 ,& !n1 la/ly1--,:at h we to d ) ! ,!ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort8 or inde$ ) ! ,!ory ( any o!r p]son :o c be nam$8 ,we h be5 exam9+ ! new ,greek ,text ( ! ,revisioni/s4 ,we h condemn$1 aft] furni%+ detail$ pro(1 ! results at :i*--by :atev] means--t di/+ui%$ body ( ,s*ol>s has arriv$4 ,surely x is compet5t to u to upset _! conclusion1 )\t be+ con/ra9$ also to inve/igate 9 detail ! illicit logical processes by :i* two ( _! numb] 9 a sep>ate publication h arriv$ at f> grav] results1 & (t5 ev5 /& hopelessly ap>t1 ! "o f ! o!r6 ,we say x 9 no boa/ful _s1 b we h an und\bt$ "r to assume1 t unless ! ,revisioni/s are able by a /rong] array ( au?orities to set aside ! evid5ce we h already br\ght =w>d1 ! calamit\s de/9y ( _! 8,revision10 s f> z ! ,new ,te/am5t is conc]n$1 is simply a ?+ inevitable4 ,let x n be imag9$1 h[ev]1 f :at goes be=e1 t we desire to %irk ! propos$ enc\nt] ) ! advocates ( ?is la/ new ,text1 or t we ent]ta9 ! slighte/ int5tion ( do+ s4 ,we will+ly accept ! assurance1 t x is only because ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort are virtually responsible = ! ,revis]s' ,greek ,text1 t x is s imp]i\sly dem&$ by ! ,revis]s & _! p>tizans1 t ! ,!ory ( ! two ,cambridge ,pr(essors may be critically exam9$4 ,we c sympa?ize also ) ! secret di/ress ( c]ta9 ( ! body1 :o n[1 :5 x is all too late to rem$y ! mis*ief1 beg9 to suspect t !y h be5 l$ away by ! h>dihood ( self-ass]tion2--ov]p[]$ by ! facundia prceps ( "o :o is at lea/ a ?or\gh believ] 9 8 own self-evolv$ op9ions2--impos$ ^u by ! seem+ly cons5ti5t pages ( ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1 ,we/cott & ,hort4--,)\t fur!r preface we beg94 ,x is presum$ t we %all be r5d]+ acceptable s]vice 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s if1--be=e inve/igat+ ! p>ticul> ,!ory :i* has be5 propos$ = consid]ation1--we endeav\r to give ! unle>n$ ,engli% ,read] "s g5]al notion1 7x mu/ p]=ce be a v imp]fect "o17 ( ! nature ( ! controv]sy to :i* ! ,!ory n[ to be consid]$ belongs1 & out ( :i* x has sprung4 ,claim+ to be an attempt to det]m9e ! ,tru? ( ,scripture on sci5tific pr9ciples1 ! "w be=e u may be reg>d$ z ! late/ outcome ( t viol5t recoil f ! ,traditional ,greek ,text1--t /range impati5ce ( its au?ority1 or r d5ial t x possesses any au?ority at all1--:i* began ) ,la*mann j #ej ye>s ago 7viz4 9 #ahca71 & has prevail$ ev] s9ce2 its mo/ conspicu\s promot]s be+ ,tregelles 7#aheg-gb7 & ,tis*5dorf 7#ahfe-gb74 ,! true nature ( ! ,pr9ciples :i* respectively animate ! two p>ties 9 ?is controv]sy is at ?is "t z mu* z ev]1--p]haps m ?an ev]1--popul>ly misund]/ood4 ,! common view ( ! cont5tion 9 :i* !y are engag$1 is c]ta9ly ! rev]se ( complim5t>y to ! s*ool ( :i* ,dr4 ,scriv5] is ! mo/ accompli%$ liv+ expon5t4 ,we he> x confid5tly ass]t$ t ! cont5tion is no?+ else b an irrational endeav\r on ! "o "p to set up ! _m mod]n aga9/ ! few anci5t ,witnesses2--! lat] cursive copies aga9/ ! 8old ,uncials20--invet]ate traditional ,error aga9/ und\bt$ primitive ,tru?4 ,! disciples ( ! new popul> s*ool1 on ! contr>y1 are repres5t$ z rely+ exclusively on ,antiquity4 ,we respectfully assure z _m z require ! assurance1 t ! actual cont5tion is ( an entirely diff]5t nature4 ,b1 be=e we (f] a s+le ^w 9 ! way ( explanation1 let ! position ( our assailants at lea/ be correctly asc]ta9$ & cle>ly e/abli%$4 ,we h already be5 con/ra9$ to "s ext5t to g ov] ?is gr\nd3 b we w n repeat ourselves4 ,! ,read] is ref]r$ back1 9 ! meantime1 to pp4 #ba-bd4 ,la*mann's rul+ pr9ciple !n1 0 exclusive reliance on a v few anci5t au?orities--because !y are 8anci5t40 ,he con/ruct$ 8 ,text on ?ree or f\r1--n unfrequ5tly on "o or two1--,greek codices4 ,( ! ,greek ,fa!rs1 he reli$ on ,orig54 ,( ! olde/ ,v]sions1 he c>$ only = ! ,lat94 ,to ! ,syriac 7conc]n+ :i*1 see above1 p4 #i71 he paid no att5tion4 ,we v5ture to ?9k 8 me?od irrational4 ,b ?is is really a po9t on :i* ! ?\ghtful read] is compet5t to judge = himself4 ,he is invit$ to read ! note at foot ( ! page47#gji7 ,tregelles adopt$ ! same /range me?od4 ,he resort$ to a v few out ( ! entire mass ( 8anci5t ,au?orities0 = ! con/ruction ( 8 ,text4 ,8 proce$+ is exactly t ( a man1 :o--9 ord] t he may ! bett] explore a comp>atively unkn[n region--beg9s by putt+ out bo? 8 eyes2 & resolutely refuses ! help ( ! natives to %[ him ! way4 ,:y he reject$ ! te/imony ( e ,fa!r ( ! ,i,vth c5tury1 except ,eusebius1--x 7 unpr(itable to enquire4 ,tis*5dorf1 ! la/ & by f> ! able/ ,critic ( ! ?ree1 knew bett] ?an to reject 8eighty-n9e n9etie?s0 ( ! extant witnesses4 ,he _h rec\rse to ! +5i\s exp$i5t ( adduc+ all ! available evid5ce1 b adopt+ j z little ( x z he *ose3 & he *ose to adopt ^? read+s only1 :i* are v\*$ = by ! same little b& ( au?orities ^: p>tial te/imony _h already prov$ fatal to ! decrees ( ,la*mann & ,tregelles4 ,happy 9 hav+ discov]$ 79 #ahei7 an uncial codex 77 second 9 antiquity only to ! olde/ be=e kn[n 7,b71 & /rongly resembl+ t fam\s ,i,vth-c5tury codex 9 ! "* ( its cont5ts1 he suff]$ 8 judgm5t to be ov]p[]$ by ! circum/ance4 ,he at once 7#ahfe-gb7 remodell$ 8 #g? edition 7#ahef-i7 9 #ceje places1--8to ! sc&al ( ! sci5ce ( ,comp>ative ,criticism1 z well z to 8 own grave discr$it = disc]nm5t & consi/5cy407#gaj7 ,& yet he knew conc]n+ ,cod4 1 t at lea/ t5 diff]5t ,revis]s f ! ,v? c5tury d[nw>ds _h lab\r$ to rem$y ! sc&al\sly corrupt condition ( a text :i*1 8z x proce$$ f ! fir/ scribe10 ev5 ,tregelles describes z 8v r\gh407#gaa7 ,b 9 fact ! infatuation :i* prevails to ?is h\r 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( sacr$ ,sci5ce c only be spok5 ( z incr$ible4 ,en\gh has be5 said to %[--7! only po9t we are b5t on e/abli%+7--t ! "o di/9ctive t5et ( ! ?ree mo/ fam\s ,critics s9ce #ahca has be5 a sup]/iti\s rev]5ce = :atev] is f\nd 9 ! same little h&ful ( e>ly1--b n ! e>lie/1--nor yet ( necessity ! pure/1--docum5ts4 ,aga9/ ?is arbitr>y me?od ( !irs we solemnly1 /iffly remon/rate4 8,/range10 we v5ture to exclaim1 7address+ ! liv+ repres5tatives ( ! s*ool ( ,la*mann1 & ,tregelles1 & ,tis*5dorf73--8,/range1 t y %\ld n p]ceive t y are ! dupes ( a fallacy :i* is ev5 transp>5t4 ,y talk ( #8,antiquity4' ,b y mu/ "k v well t y actually mean some?+ diff]5t4 ,y fa/5 ^u ?ree1 or p]haps f\r1--on two1 or p]haps ?ree1--on "o1 or p]haps two1--docum5ts ( ! ,i,vth or ,v? c5tury4 ,b !n1 confess$ly1 ^! are "o1 two1 ?ree1 or f\r specim5s only ( ,antiquity1--n #8,antiquity' itself4 ,& :at if !y %\ld ev5 prove to be unfair samples ( ,antiquity8 ,?us1 y are obs]v$ always to quote cod4 ,b or at lea/ cod4 4 ,pray1 :y may n ! ,tru? reside in/ead ) ,a1 or ,c1 or ,d8--,y quote ! old ,lat9 or ! ,coptic4 ,:y may n ! ,pes*ito or ! ,sahidic be "r r8--,y quote ei!r ,orig5 or else ,eusebius1--b :y n ,didymus & ,a?anasius1 ,epiphanius & ,basil1 ,*ryso/om & ,!odoret1 ! ,gregories & ! ,cyrils8444 ,x w appe> !re=e t we are e bit z /rongly conv9c$ z y c be ( ! p>am\nt claims ( #8,antiquity3' b t1 es*ew+ prejudice & p>tiality1 we diff] f y only 9 ?is1 viz4 t we absolutely refuse to b[ d[n be=e ! p>ticul> specim5s ( ,antiquity :i* y h arbitr>ily select$ z ! objects ( y\r sup]/ition4 ,y are illogical en\gh to propose to include )9 y\r li/ ( #8anci5t ,au?orities1' codd4 #a1 #cc & #fi1--:i* are sev]ally ,,mss4 ( ! ,x?1 ,x,ith1 & ,x,i,vth c5turies4 ,& :y8 ,only because ! ,text ( ^? #c copies is obs]v$ to be> a s9i/] resemblance to t ( codex ,b4 ,b !n :y1 9 ! "n ( common s5se1 d y n %[ correspond+ fav\r to ! rema9+ #iig cursive ,copies ( ! ,n4 ,t41--see+ t ^! are obs]v$ to be> ! same g5]al resemblance to codex ,a8444 ,y are = ev] talk+ ab\t #8old ,read+s4' ,h y n yet discov]$ t ,,all #8,read+s' are #8,,old'80 ,! la/ contribution to ?is dep>tm5t ( sacr$ ,sci5ce is a critical edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t by ,drs4 ,,we/cott & ,,hort4 ,ab\t ?is1 we proce$ to (f] a few rem>ks4 ,i4 ,! fir/ ?+ "h :i* unfav\rably arre/s att5tion is ! circum/ance t ?is proves to be ! only ,critical ,edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t s9ce ! days ( ,mill1 :i* does n ev5 pret5d to contribute some?+ to our previ\s critical k ( ! subject4 ,mill x 0 7#agjg7 :o gave u ! great bulk ( our v>i\s ,read+s2 :i* ,b5gel 7#agcd7 slightly1 & ,wet/e9 7#agea-b7 v consid]ably1 enl>g$4--,! accurate ,mat?i 7#aghb-h7 acqua9t$ u ) ! cont5ts ( ab\t #ajj codices m2 & 0 foll[$ by ,griesba* 7#agif-ahjf7 ) important additional mat]ials4--,bir* _h 9 ! meantime 7#aghh7 cull$ f ! pr9cipal libr>ies ( ,europe a l>ge assortm5t ( new ,read+s3 :ile truly m>vell\s 0 ! accession ( evid5ce :i* ,s*olz br\ght to light 9 #ahcj4--;,& ?\gh ,la*mann 7#ahdb-ej7 did wondr\s little 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 he yet furni%$ ! critical au?ority 7su* z x is7 = 8 own unsatisfactory ,text4--,tregelles 7#aheg-gb71 by 8 exact collations ( ,,mss4 & exam9ation ( ! e>lie/ ,fa!rs1 has laid ! ,*ur* "u an abid+ obligation3 & :at is to be said ( ,tis*5dorf 7#ahef-gb71 :o has contribut$ m to our k ?an any o!r editor ( ! ,n4 ,t4 s9ce ! days ( ,mill8--,dr4 ,scriv5]1 ?\gh he has n indep5d5tly edit$ ! orig9al ,text1 is cle>ly to be reckon$ among ^? :o h1 by reason ( 8 l>ge1 important1 & accurate contributions to our k ( anci5t docum5ts4 ,transf] 8 collections ( v>i\s ,read+s to ! foot ( ! page ( a copy ( ! commonly ,receiv$ ,text1--& 8,scriv5]'s ,new ,te/am5t07#gab7 might /& betwe5 ! editions ( ,mill & ( ,wet/e94 ,let ! tru? be told4 ,c4 ,f4 ,mat?i & he are ! only two ,s*ol>s :o h collat$ any consid]able numb] ( sacr$ ,codices ) ! ne$ful am\nt ( accuracy47#gac7 ,n[1 we tru/ we %all be =giv5 if1 at ! close ( ! prec$+ enum]ation1 we confess to some?+ l displeasure at ! oracul> tone assum$ by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 9 deal+ ) ! ,text ( ,scripture1 ?\gh !y admit 7page #ij7 t !y 8rely = docum5t>y evid5ce on ! /ores accumulat$ by _! pr$ecessors40 ,confid5t z ^? di/+ui%$ ,pr(essors may reasonably feel ( _! ability to disp5se ) ! ord9>y appliances ( ,textual ,criticism2 & pr\d 7z !y mu/ naturally be7 ( a v]ify+ faculty :i* 7al?\gh !y are able to give no acc\nt ( x7 yet enables !m infallibly to discrim9ate betwe5 ! false & ! true1 z well z to assign 8a local habitation & a "n0 to e ^w1--inspir$ or un9spir$1--:i* purports to belong to ! ,n4 ,t43--!y mu/ n be (f5d$ ) u if we freely assure !m at ! outset t we %all decl9e to accept a s+le argum5tative ass]tion ( !irs = :i* !y fail to (f] suffici5t pro(4 ,_! :olly unsupport$ decrees1 at ! risk ( be+ ?\ght uncivil1 we %all unc]emoni\sly reject1 z soon z we h all[$ !m a he>+4 ,?is resolve bodes ill1 we freely admit1 to h>moni\s progress4 ,b x is inevitable4 ,=1 to speak pla9ly1 we nev] be=e met ) su* a s+ul> tissue ( magi/]ial /atem5ts1 unsupport$ by a p>ticle ( rational evid5ce1 z we meet ) "h4 ,! ab/ruse gravity1 ! long-w9d$ e>ne/ness ( ! writ]'s mann]1 contra/ :imsically ) ! utt]ly inconsequ5tial "* ( 8 antec$5ts & 8 consequ5ts ?r\gh\t4 ,pr(essor ,hort--7= 8! writ+ ( ! volume & ! o!r accompanim5ts ( ! ,text devolv$0 on him17#gad77--;,dr4 ,hort seems to mi/ake 8 ,op9ions = facts1--8 ,ass]tions = argum5ts1--& a ,reit]ation ( ei!r = an accession ( evid5ce4 ,!re is ?r\gh\t ! volume1 app>5tly1 a dread ( ,facts :i* is ev5 extraord9>y4 ,an actual illu/ration ( ! le>n$ ,au?or's mean+1--a concrete case1--seems z if x 7 nev] =?com+4 ,at la/ x comes3 b ! ph5om5on is /raightway discov]$ to admit ( at lea/ two int]pretations1 & !re=e nev] to prove ! ?+ int5d$4 ,9 a p]son ( high education1--9 "o accu/om$ to exact reason+1--we %\ld h suppos$ all ?is impossible4444 ,b x is high "t to unfold ! ,introduction at ! fir/ page1 & to beg9 to read4 ,,ii4 ,x op5s 7p4 #a-aa7 ) "s unsatisfactory ,rem>ks on 8,transmission by ,writ+20 vague & inaccurate1--unsupport$ by "o s+le ,textual ref]5ce1--& lab\r+ "u ! grave defect ( leav+ ! mo/ in/ructive ph5om5a ( ! problem :olly unt\*$4 ,=1 inasmu* z 8,transmission by writ+0 involves two di/9ct classes ( errors1 7#a/7 ,^? :i* are ! result ( ,accid5t1--& 7#bndly7 ,^? :i* are ! result ( ,design1--x is to use a ,read] badly n to take ! e>lie/ opportunity ( expla9+ to him t :at makes codd4 ,b ,d su* utt]ly untru/wor?y guides1 7except :5 support$ by a l>ge am\nt ( extrane\s evid5ce17 is ! circum/ance t ,design _h evid5tly s mu* to d ) a va/ proportion ( ! peculi> errors 9 :i* !y sev]ally ab\nd4 ,9 o!r words1 ea* ( ^? codices cle>ly exhibits a fabricat$ ,text1--is ! result ( arbitr>y & reckless ,rec5sion4 ,n[1 ?is is n a matt] ( op9ion1 b ( fact4 ,9 ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel alone 7collat$ ) ! traditional ,text7 ! transpositions 9 codex ,b am\nt to #bbh1--;affect+ #fed words3 9 codex ,d1 to #dfd1--;affect+ #adja words4 ,proce$+ ) our exam9ation ( ! same ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,luke1 we f9d t ! words omitt$ 9 ,b are #geg1--;9 ,d1 #aeeb4 ,! words sub/itut$ 9 ,b am\nt to #cji1--;9 ,d1 to #ajjf4 ,! read+s peculi> to ,b are #ach1 & affect #bae words2--^? peculi> to ,d1 are #agca1 & affect #djij words4 ,wondr\s few ( ^! c h be5 due to accid5tal causes4 ,! ,text ( "o or ( bo? codices mu/ ne$s be deprav$4 7,z = 1 x is s frequ5tly f\nd 9 accord ) ,b1 t out ( consid]ation = our ,read]s1 we omit ! correspond+ figures47 ,we turn to codd4 ,a & ,c--7execut$1 suppose1 a hundr$ ye>s aft] ,b1 & a hundr$ ye>s be=e ,d7--& ! figures are f\nd to be z foll[s3-- ,9 ,a4 ,9 ,c4 ,! transpositions are #ge #fg affect+ #aii words #aig ,! words omitt$ are #bjh #age ,! words sub/itut$ #aaa #aae ,! peculi> read+s #ij #hg affect+ #aca words #abg ,n[1 7z we _h occasion to expla9 9 a previ\s page17#gae77 x is entirely to misund]/& ! "q1 to object t ! prec$+ ,collation has be5 made ) ! ,text ( ,/ephanus op5 be=e u4 ,rob]t ,eti5ne 9 ! ,x,v,ith c5tury 0 n ! cause :y cod4 ,b 9 ! ,i,vth1 & cod4 ,d 9 ! ,v,ith1 are s widely discordant f "o ano!r2 ,a & ,c1 s utt]ly at v>iance ) bo?4 ,! simple/ explanation ( ! ph5om5a is ! true/2 namely1 t ,b & ,d exhibit grossly deprav$ ,texts2--a circum/ance ( :i* x is impossible t ! ord9>y ,read] %\ld be too soon or too (t5 rem9d$4 ,b to proce$4 ,,iii4 ,"s rem>ks foll[1 on :at is /rangely /yl$ 8,transmission by pr9t$ ,editions30 9 ! c\rse ( :i* ,dr4 ,hort in=ms u t ,la*mann's ,text ( #ahca 0 8! fir/ f\nd$ on docum5t>y au?ority407#gaf7444 ,on :at !n1 pray1 does ! le>n$ ,pr(essor imag9e t ! ,texts ( ,erasmus 7#aeaf7 & ( ,/unica 7#aebb7 7 f\nd$8 ,8 /atem5t is incorrect4 ,! actual diff]5ce betwe5 ,la*mann's ,text & ^? ( ! e>li] ,editors is1 t 8 8docum5t>y au?ority0 is p>tial1 n>r[1 self-contradictory2 & is prov$ to be untru/wor?y by a free appeal to ,antiquity4 ,_! docum5t>y au?ority1 d]iv$ f indep5d5t s\rces1--?\gh p>tial & n>r[ z t on :i* ,la*mann reli$1--exhibits 7"u ! good ,provid5ce ( ,,god17 a ,traditional ,text1 ! g5]al purity ( :i* is demon/rat$ by all ! evid5ce :i* #cej ye>s ( subsequ5t rese>* h succe$$ 9 accumulat+2 & :i* is confess$ly ! ,text ( ,a4,d4 #cge4 ,,iv4 ,we are fav\r$1 9 ! ?ird place1 ) ! 8,hi/ory ( ?is ,edition30 9 :i* ! po9t t *iefly arre/s att5tion is ! explanation af=d$ ( ! _m & s]i\s occasions on :i* ,dr4 ,we/cott 78,w407 & ,dr4 ,hort 78,h4071 f9d+ x impossible to agree1 h set d[n _! respective notions sep>ately & subscrib$ !m ) _! respective initial4 ,we are rem9d$ ( :at 0 wittily said conc]n+ ,ri*>d ,baxt]3 viz4 t ev5 if no "o b himself exi/$ 9 ! ,*ur*1 8,ri*>d0 w\ld /ill be f\nd to disagree ) 8,baxt]10--& 8,baxt]0 ) 8,ri*>d04444 ,we read ) uneas9ess t 8no individual m9d c ev] act ) p]fect uni=mity1 or free itself completely f its own ,idiosyncrasies20 & t 8! dang] ( unconsci\s ,caprice is insep>able f p]sonal judgm5t40--7p4 #ag47 ,all ?is rem9ds u pa9fully ( c]ta9 /atem5ts made by ! same ,editors 9 #ahgj3-- 8,we are oblig$ to come to ! individual m9d at la/2 & ,canons ( ,criticism are useful only z w>n+s aga9/ natural illusions1 & aids to circumspect consid]ation1 n z absolute rules to prescribe ! f9al decision40--7pp4 xviii41 xix47 ,may we be p]mitt$ )\t (f5ce to po9t out 7n = ! fir/ "t7 t 8idiosyncrasies0 & 8unconsci\s caprice10 & ! fancies ( ! 8individual m9d10 c be all[$ no place :atev] 9 a problem ( su* gravity & importance z ! pres5t8 ,once admit su* elem5ts1 & we are safe to f9d ourselves 9 cl\d-l& to-morr[4 ,a weak] f\ndation on :i* to build1 is n to be nam$4 ,& :5 we f9d t ! le>n$ ,pr(essors 8v5ture to hope t ! pres5t ,text has escap$ "s risks ( ?is k9d by be+ ! production ( two ,editors ( diff]5t habits ( m9d1 work+ indep5d5tly & to a great ext5t on diff]5t plans10--we c b av[ our conviction t ! safegu>d is altoge!r inadequate4 ,:5 two m51 devot$ to ! same pursuit1 are 9 daily confid5tial int]c\rse on su* a subject1 ! 8natural illusions0 ( ei!r h a m>vell\s t5d5cy to communicate !mselves4 ,_! ,read]'s only protection is rigidly to insi/ on ! production ( ,pro( = ev]y?+ :i* ^! au?ors say4 ,v4 ,! diss]tation on 8,intr9sic0 & 8,transcriptional ,probability0 :i* foll[s 7pp4 #bj-cj71--;be+ unsupport$ by "o s+le in/ance or illu/ration1--we pass by4 ,x ignores ?r\gh\t ! fact1 t ! mo/ s]i\s corruptions ( ,,mss4 are due1 n to 8,scribes0 or 8,copyi/s10 7( :om1 by ! way1 we f9d p]petual m5tion e "t we op5 ! page27 b to ! p]sons :o employ$ !m4 ,s f> f ?9k+ ) ,dr4 ,hort t 8! value ( ! evid5ce obta9$ f ,transcriptional ,probability is inconte/able10--= t1 8)\t its aid1 ,textual ,criticism c\ld r>ely obta9 a high degree ( security10 7p4 #bd17--we v5ture to decl>e t inasmu* z "o exp]t's notions ( :at is 8transcriptionally probable0 prove to be ! diametrical rev]se ( ano!r exp]t's notions1 ! suppos$ evid5ce to be d]iv$ f ?is s\rce may1 ) advantage1 be neglect$ altoge!r4 ,let ! /udy ( ,docum5t>y ,evid5ce be all[$ to take its place4 ,notions ( 8,probability0 are ! v pe/ ( ^? dep>tm5ts ( ,sci5ce :i* admit ( an appeal to ,fact4 ,,vi4 ,a signal pro( ( ! ju/ice ( our la/ rem>k is furni%$ by ! plea :i* is /raightway put 9 7pp4 #cj-a7 = ! sup]ior necessity ( att5d+ to 8! relative antec$5t cr$ibility ( ,witnesses40 ,9 o!r words1 8,! comp>ative tru/wor?9ess ( docum5t>y ,au?orities0 is propos$ z a f> weighti] consid]ation ?an 8,intr9sic0 & 8,transcriptional ,probability40 ,accord+ly we are assur$ 79 capital lett]s7 t 8,k ( ,docum5ts %\ld prec$e f9al judgm5t ^u read+s0 7p4 #ca74 8,k06 ,yes1 b h[ acquir$8 ,suppose two rival docum5ts1--cod4 ,a & cod4 ,b4 ,may we be in=m$ h[ y w\ld proce$ ) respect to !m8 8,:]e "o ( ! docum5ts is f\nd habitually to conta9 morally c]ta91 or at lea/ /rongly pref]r$1 ,read+s1--& ! o!r habitually to conta9 _! reject$ rivals1--we i4e4 ,dr4 ,hort c h no d\bt t ! ,text ( ! fir/ has be5 transmitt$ 9 comp>ative purity2 & t ! ,text ( ! second has suff]$ comp>atively l>ge corruption40--7p4 #cb47 ,b c su* words h be5 writt5 s]i\sly8 ,is x gravely pret5d$ t ,read+s become 8morally c]ta910 because !y are 8/rongly pref]r$08 ,are we 79 o!r words7 s]i\sly invit$ to admit t ! 8,,/rong ,,pref]5ce0 ( 8! individual m9d0 is to be ! ultimate /&>d ( appeal8 ,if s1 ?\gh y 7,dr4 ,hort7 may 8h no d\bt0 z to :i* is ! pur] manuscript1--see y n pla9ly t a man ( diff]5t 8idiosyncrasy0 f y\rself1 may j z reasonably claim to 8h no d\bt0--t y are mi/ak58444 ,"o is rem9d$ ( a passage 9 p4 #fa3 viz4-- 8,if we f9d 9 any gr\p ( docum5ts a succession ( ,read+s exhibit+ an exceptional purity ( text1 t is1--,read+s :i* ! fulle/ consid]ation ( ,int]nal ,evid5ce pron\nces to be "r1 9 opposition to =midable arrays ( ,docum5t>y ,evid5ce2 ! cause mu/ be t1 z f> at lea/ z ^! ,read+s are conc]n$1 "s "o exceptionally pure ,,ms4 0 ! common ance/or ( all ! memb]s ( ! gr\p40 ,b h[ does t appe>8 8,! cause0 may be ! errone\s judgm5t ( ! ,critic1--may x n8444 ,dr4 ,hort is = sett+ up :at 8 own inn] consci\sness 8pron\nces to be "r10 aga9/ 8,docum5t>y ,evid5ce10 h[ev] multitud9\s4 ,he claims t 8 own v]ify+ faculty %all be supreme1--%all settle e "q4 ,c he be 9 e>ne/8 ,,vii4 ,we are next introduc$ to ! subject ( 8,g5ealogical ,evid5ce0 7p4 #ci72 & are made att5tive3 = we spe$ily f9d ourselves *all5g$ to admit t a 8total *ange 9 ! be>+ ( ! evid5ce0 is 8made by ! introduction ( ! factor ( ,g5ealogy0 7p4 #dc74 ,presum+ t ! mean+ ( ! le>n$ ,writ] mu/ r be t if we did b "k ! g5ealogy ( ,,mss41 we %\ld be 9 a position to reason m confid5tly conc]n+ _! ,texts1--we read on3 & spe$ily come to a second axiom 7:i* is aga9 pr9t$ 9 capital lett]s71 viz4 t 8,all tru/wor?y re/oration ( corrupt$ ,texts is f\nd$ on ! /udy ( _! ,hi/ory0 7p4 #dj74 ,we really read & wond]4 ,are we !n engag$ 9 ! 8re/oration ( corrupt$ ,texts08 ,if s1--:i* be !y8 ,we require--7#a7 ,to be %[n ! 8corrupt$ ,texts0 ref]r$ to3 & !n--7#b7 ,to be conv9c$ t 8! /udy ( _! ,hi/ory0--7z di/+ui%$ f an exam9ation ( ! evid5ce = or aga9/ _! ,read+s7--is a ?+ feasible4 8,a simple in/ance0 7says ,dr4 ,hort7 8w %[ at once ! practical be>+0 ( 8! pr9ciple "h laid d[n40--7p4 #dj47 ,b 7z usual7 ,dr4 ,hort produces no in/ance4 ,he m]ely proce$s to 8suppose0 a case 7 #ej71 :i* he confesses 7 #ec7 does n exi/4 ,s t we are mov+ 9 a l& ( %ad[s4 ,& ?is1 he /raightway foll[s up by ! ass]tion t 8x w\ld be difficult to insi/ too /rongly on ! trans=mation ( ! sup]ficial aspects ( num]ical au?ority effect$ by recognition ( ,g5ealogy40--7p4 #dc47 ,pres5tly1 he assures u t 8a few docum5ts are n1 by reason ( _! m]e paucity1 appreciably less likely to be "r ?an a multitude oppos$ to !m40 7p4 #de47 ,on ?is head1 we take leave to ent]ta9 a some:at diff]5t op9ion4 ,ap>t f ! "* ( ! ,witnesses1 :5 #e m5 say "o ?+1 & #iie say ! exact contradictory1 we are apt to reg>d x ev5 z axiomatic t1 8by reason ( _! m]e paucity10 ! few 8are appreciably f> less likely to be "r ?an ! multitude oppos$ to !m40 ,dr4 ,hort seems to %>e our op9ion2 = he rem>ks1-- 8,a presumption inde$ rema9s t a majority ( extant docum5ts is m likely to repres5t a majority ( ance/ral docum5ts1 ?an vice v]s40 ,exactly s6 ,we meant1 & we mean t1 & no o!r ?+4 ,b !n1 we v5ture to po9t out1 t ! le>n$ ,pr(essor consid]ably und]/ates ! case3 see+ t ! 8vice v]s presumption0 is absolutely non-exi/5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ap>t f ,pro( to ! contr>y1 we are dispos$ to ma9ta9 t 8a majority ( extant docum5ts0 9 ! proportion ( #iie to #e1--;& sometimes ( #aiii to #a1--;creates m ?an 8a presumption40 ,x am\nts to ,pro( ( 8a majority ( ance/ral docum5ts04 ,n s ?9ks ,dr4 ,hort4 8,?is presumption10 7he seems to h p]suad$ himself17 may be dispos$ ( by 8 m]e ass]tion t x 8is too m9ute to weigh aga9/ ! smalle/ tangible evid5ce ( o!r k9ds0 7,ibid474 ,z usual1 h[ev]1 he furni%es u ) no evid5ce at all1--8tangible0 or 8intangible40 ,c he wond] if we smile at 8 unsupport$ dictum1 & pass on8444 ,! argum5tative import ( 8 tw5ty we>y pages on 8,g5ealogical ,evid5ce0 7pp4 #ci-ei71 appe>s to be resolvable into ! foll[+ b>r5 truism3 viz4 ,t if1 out ( #aj copies ( ,scripture1 #i c\ld be prov$ to h be5 execut$ f "o & ! same common orig9al 7p4 #da71 ^? #i w\ld cease to be reg>d$ z #i indep5d5t witnesses4 ,b does ! le>n$ ,critic really require to be told t we want no diagram ( an imag9>y case 7p4 #ed7 to conv9ce u ( t8 ,! "o ?+ "h :i* moves our a/oni%m5t1 is1 t ,dr4 ,hort does n seem to reflect t !re=e 7inde$ by 8 own %[+7 codices ,b & 1 hav+ be5 demon/rably 8execut$ f "o & ! same common orig9al10 are n to be reckon$ z two indep5d5t witnesses to ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 b z little m ?an "o4 7,see p4 #beg47 ,high "t h[ev] is x to decl>e t1 9 /rictness1 all ?is talk ab\t 8,g5ealogical evid5ce10 :5 appli$ to ,manuscripts1 is--moon%9e4 ,! expression is metaphorical1 & assumes t x has f>$ ) ,,mss4 z x f>es ) ! successive g5]ations ( a family2 & s1 to a rem>kable ext5t1 no d\bt1 x has4 ,b !n1 x happ5s1 un=tunately1 t we are unacqua9t$ ) "o s+le in/ance ( a kn[n ,,ms4 copi$ f ano!r kn[n ,,ms4 ,& p]=ce all talk ab\t 8,g5ealogical evid5ce10 :]e no s+le /ep 9 ! desc5t c be produc$1--9 o!r words1 :]e no ,g5ealogical evid5ce exi/s1--is absurd4 ,! liv+ inhabitants ( a village1 congregat$ 9 ! *ur*y>d :]e ! bodies ( _! =gott5 prog5itors = #ajjj ye>s repose )\t memorials ( any k9d1--is a fa9t image ( ! relation :i* subsi/s betwe5 extant copies ( ! ,gospels & ! s\rces f :i* !y 7 d]iv$4 ,t1 9 ei!r case1 !re has be5 repeat$ mixture1 is und5iable2 b s9ce ! ,p>i%-regi/] is lo/1 & n a ve/ige ( ,tradition survives1 x is idle to pret5d to argue on t "p ( ! subject4 ,x may be reasonably assum$ h[ev] t ^? #ej yeom51 be>+ z _m ,saxon surnames1 indicate z _m remote ance/ors ( "s sort4 ,t !y repres5t z _m families1 is at lea/ a fact4 ,fur!r we _c g4 ,b ! illu/ration is mislead+1 because inadequate4 ,assemble r an ,engli%man1 an ,iri%man1 a ,scot2 a ,fr5*man1 a ,g]man1 a ,spani>d2 a ,russian1 a ,pole1 an ,hung>ian2 an ,italian1 a ,greek1 a ,turk4 ,f ,noah ^! #ab are all confess$ly desc5d$2 b if !y are sil5t1 & y "k no?+ :atev] ab\t _! antec$5ts1--y\r rem>ks ab\t _! respective 8g5ealogies0 mu/ ne$s prove z b>r5--z ,dr4 ,hort's ab\t ! 8g5ealogies0 ( copies ( ,scripture4 8,! factor ( ,g5ealogy10 9 %ort1 9 ?is discussion1 repres5ts a m]e phantom ( ! bra93 is ! "n ( an imag9ation--n ( a fact4 ,! ne>e/ approximation to ! ph5om5on ab\t :i* ,dr4 ,hort writes s glibly1 is suppli$--7#a7 by ,codd4 ,f & ,g ( ,s4 ,paul1 :i* are f\nd to be indep5d5t transcripts ( ! same v5]able lo/ orig9al3--7#b7 by ,codd4 #ac1 #fi1 #abd & #cdf1 :i* 7 confess$ly d]iv$ f "o & ! same que] ar*etype3 & especially--7#c7 by ,codd4 ,b & 4 ,^! two fam\s manuscripts1 because !y are disfigur$ exclusively by ! self-same mi/akes1 are convict$ ( be+ desc5d$ 7& n v remotely7 f ! self-same v corrupt orig9al4 ,by consequ5ce1 ! comb9$ evid5ce ( ,f & ,g is b t ( a s+le codex4 ,evan4 #ac1 #fi1 #abd1 #cdf1 :5 !y agree1 w\ld be conv5i5tly designat$ by a symbol1 or a s+le capital lett]4 ,codd4 ,b & 1 z already h9t$ 7p4 #bee71 are n to be reckon$ z two witnesses4 ,c]ta9ly1 !y h n ne>ly ! ,textual significancy & importance ( ,b 9 conjunction ) ,a1 or ( ,a 9 conjunction ) ,c4 ,at be/1 !y d b equal #a- copies4 ,no?+ ( ?is k9d h[ev] is :at ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort int5d to convey1--or inde$ seem to und]/&4 ,,viii4 ,x is n until we rea* p4 #id1 t ^! le>n$ m5 fav\r u ) a s+le actual appeal to ,scripture4 ,at p4 #ij1 ,dr4 ,hort1--:o has hi!rto be5 skirmi%+ ov] ! gr\nd1 & leav+ u to wond] :at 9 ! _w x c be t he is driv+ at1--ann\nces a *apt] on ! 8,results ( ,g5ealogical evid5ce prop]20 & proposes to 8det]m9e ! ,g5ealogical relations ( ! *ief anci5t ,texts40 ,impati5t = argum5t1 7at page #ib17 we read z foll[s3-- 8,! fundam5tal ,text ( late extant ,greek ,,mss4 g5]ally is beyond all "q id5tical ) ! dom9ant ,antio*ian or ,grco-,syrian ,text ( ! second half ( ! f\r? c5tury40 ,we reque/1 9 pass+1 t ! =ego+ /atem5t may be c>efully not$4 ,! ,traditional ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1--! ,,textus ,,receptus1 9 %ort1--is1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort1 8,,beyond ,,all ,,"q0 ! 8,,text ,,( ,,! ,,second ,,half ,,( ,,! ,,f\r? ,,c5tury40 ,we %all gratefully avail ourselves ( 8 c&id admission1 by & by4 ,hav+ ?us assum$ a 8dom9ant ,antio*ian or ,grco-,syrian text ( ! second half ( ! ,i,vth c5tury10 ,dr4 ,h4 attempts1 by an analysis ( :at he is pleas$ to call 8conflate ,read+s10 to prove ! 8po/]iority ( #8,syrian' to #8,we/]n' & o!r #8,neutral' read+s40444 ,/range me?od ( proc$ure6 see+ t1 ( ^? second & ?ird classes ( read+s1 we h n z yet s mu* z he>d ! names4 ,let u h[ev] )\t m delay be %[n ^? specim5s ( 8,conflation0 :i*1 9 ,dr4 ,hort's judgm5t1 supply 8! cle>e/ evid5ce0 7p4 #id7 t 8,syrian0 are po/]ior alike to 8,we/]n0 & to 8,neutral read+s40 ,( ^!1 aft] #cj ye>s ( labori\s rese>*1 ,dr4 ,we/cott & he flatt] !mselves t !y h succe$$ 9 detect+ eight4 ,,ix4 ,n[ because1 on ! "o h&1 x w\ld be unreasonable to fill up ! space at our disposal ) details :i* none b pr(ess$ /ud5ts w c>e to read2--& because1 on ! o!r1 we _c af=d to pass by any?+ 9 ^! pages :i* pret5ds to be ( ! nature ( pro(2--we h consign$ our acc\nt ( ,dr4 ,hort's #h in/ances ( ,conflation 7:i* prove to be less ?an #g7 to ! foot ( ! page47#gag7 ,&1 aft] an att5tive survey ( ! ,textual ph5om5a connect$ ) ^! #g specim5s1 we are con/ra9$ to ass]t t ! int]pretation put ^u !m by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 is purely arbitr>y3 a baseless imag9ation1--a dream & no?+ m4 ,some?+ has be5 attempt$ analog\s to ! famili> fallacy1 9 ,div9ity1 ( build+ a false & hi!rto unhe>d-( doctr9e on a few isolat$ places ( ,scripture1 divorc$ f _! context4 ,! actual facts ( ! case %all be submitt$ to ! judgem5t ( le>n$ & unle>n$ ,read]s alike3 & we promise be=eh& to abide by ! unprejudic$ v]dict ( ei!r3-- 7a7 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel is f\nd to conta9 9 all #aa1fdf words3 ( :i* 7collat$ ) ! ,traditional ,text7 ,a omits #ach3 ,b1 #gfb3 1 #hgj3 ,d1 #ijj4--,s4 ,luke conta9s #ai1ida words3 ( :i* ,a omits #bjh3 ,b1 #geg2 1 #haf3 ,d1 no less ?an #aeeb4 7,let u n be told t ! traditional ,text is itself n altoge!r tru/wor?y4 ,t is a matt] entirely beside ! "q j n[ be=e ! ,read]1--z we h already1 ov] & ov] aga91 _h occasion to expla947#gah7 ,codices mu/ ne$s all alike be comp>$ ) some?+1--mu/ p]=ce all alike be ref]r$ to "s "o common /&>d3 & we1 = our "p1 are cont5t to employ 7z e ,critic has be5 cont5t be=e u7 ! traditional ,text1 z ! mo/ conv5i5t /&>d t c be nam$4 ,s employ$1 7viz4 z a /&>d ( comp>ison1 n ( excell5ce17 ! commonly ,receiv$ ,text1 m conv5i5tly ?an any o!r1 reveals--c]ta9ly does n occasion--diff]5t degrees ( discrepancy4 ,& n[1 to proce$47 7b7 ,dr4 ,hort has detect$ f\r in/ances 9 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 only ?ree 9 ,s4 ,luke's--sev5 9 all--:]e ,codices ,b & ,d happ5 to concur 9 mak+ an omission at ! same place1 b n ( ! same words4 ,we %all probably be be/ und]/ood if we produce an in/ance ( ! ?+ spok5 (3 & no fair] example c be imag9$ ?an ! la/ ( ! eight1 ( :i* ,dr4 ,hort says1--8,?is simple in/ance ne$s no explanation0 7p4 #ajd74 ,in/ead ( 1--7:i* is ! read+ ( e kn[n copy ( ! ,gospels except five17-- ,b ,c ,l exhibit only 3 ,d1 only 4 7,to speak q accurately1 ,b ,c ,l omit & are foll[$ by ,we/cott & ,hort3 ,d omits 1 & is foll[$ by ,tis*5dorf4 ,la*mann decl9es to foll[ ei!r4 ,tregelles d\bts47 7c7 ,n[1 ^u ?is 7& ! six o!r in/ances1 :i* h[ev] prove to be a va/ deal less apt = _! purpose ?an ! pres5t71 ^! le>n$ m5 h gratuit\sly built up ! foll[+ extravagant & a/oni%+ !ory3-- 7d7 ,!y assume1--7!y d n attempt to prove3 9 fact !y nev] prove any?+37--7#a7 ,t --& --are respectively fragm5ts ( two indep5d5t ,primitive ,texts1 :i* !y arbitr>ily designate z 8,we/]n0 & 8,neutral10 respectively3--7#b7 ,t ! latt] ( ! two1 only h[ev] because x is v\*$ = by ,b & 1 mu/ ne$s exhibit :at ! ,evangeli/ actually wrote3 ?\gh :y x mu/1 ^! le>n$ m5 =get to expla93--7#c7 ,t 9 ! middle ( ! ,i,i,ird & ( ! ,i,vth c5tury ! two ,texts ref]r$ to 7 ) design & by au?ority weld$ toge!r1 & became 7:at ! same irresponsible ,critics are pleas$ to call7 ! 8,syrian text40--7#d7 ,t 1 be+ ?us %[n 8 to be 8a ,syrian ,conflation10 may be reject$ at once4 7,notes1 p4 #gc47 ,x4 ,b we demur to ?is weak imag9ation1 7:i* only by c\rtesy c be call$ 8a ,!ory107 on e gr\nd1 & are con/ra9$ to remon/rate ) our w\ld-be ,guides at e /ep4 ,!y assume ev]y?+4 ,!y prove no?+4 ,& ! facts ( ! case l5d !m no fav\r at all4 ,= fir/1--,we only f9d /&+ alone1 9 two docum5ts ( ! ,i,vth c5tury1 9 two ( ! ,v?1 & 9 "o ( ! ,v,i,i,ith3 :ile1 = /&+ alone1 ! only ,greek v\*] producible is a notori\sly corrupt copy ( ! ,v,ith c5tury4 ,true1 t "h a few copies ( ! old ,lat9 side ) ,d3 b !n a few copies also side ) ! traditional ,text3 & ,j]ome is f\nd to h adjudicat$ betwe5 _! rival claims 9 fav\r ( ! latt]4 ,! probabilities ( ! case are 9 fact simply ov]:elm+2 =1 s9ce ,d omits #aeeb words out ( #ai1ida 7i4e4 ab\t "o ^w 9 #ac71 :y may n be two ( ! words x omits1--9 :i* case !re has be5 no 8,conflation08 ,nay1 look into ! matt] a little m closely3--7= surely1 be=e we put up ) ?is que] illusion1 x is our duty to look x v /eadily 9 ! face37--& note1 t 9 ?is la/ *apt] ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel1 :i* consi/s ( #hcg words1 no less ?an #aba are omitt$ by cod4 ,d4 ,to /ate ! case diff]5tly1--,d is obs]v$ to leave out "o ^w 9 sev5 9 ! v *apt] ( ,s4 ,luke :i* supplies ! in/ance ( 8,conflation0 "u review4 ,:at possible significance !re=e c be suppos$ to atta* to its omission ( ! clause 8 ,& s9ce1 mutatis mut&is1 ! same rem>ks apply to ! #f rema9+ cases1--7= "o1 viz4 ! #g?1 is cle>ly an ov]sight17--w any ,read] ( ord9>y fairness & intellig5ce be surpris$ to he> t we reject ! assum$ 8,conflation0 unconditionally1 z a silly dream8 ,x is f\nd$ entirely ^u ! omission ( #ba 7or at mo/ #db7 words out ( a total ( #ca1ehg f ,codd4 ,b ,d4 ,& yet x is demon/rable t out ( t total1 ,b omits #aeai3 1 #afhf3 ,d1 #bdeb4 ,! occasional co9cid5ce 9 ,omission ( ,b & ,d1 0 9 a mann] inevitable1 & is undes]v+ ( notice4 ,if1--7:i* is z likely z n17--on six occasions1 ,b & ,d h b omitt$ diff]5t words 9 ! same s5t5ce1 !n !re has be5 no 8,conflation02 & ! 7s-call$7 8,!ory10 :i* 0 to h revolutioniz$ ! ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t41 is discov]$ to re/ absolutely ^u no?+4 ,x bur/s1 l a v ?9 bubble3 floats away l a film ( gossam]1 & disappe>s f sight4 ,b fur!r1 z a matt] ( fact1 at lea/ five out ( ! eight in/ances cit$1--viz4 ! #a/1 #bnd1 #e?1 #f?1 #g?1--fail to exhibit ! alleg$ ph5om5a3 conspicu\sly ought nev] to h be5 adduc$4 ,=1 9 ! #a/1 ,d m]ely abridges ! s5t5ce3 9 ! #bnd1 x p>aphrases #aa words by #aa2 & 9 ! #f?1 x p>aphrases #ab words by #i4 ,9 ! #e?1 ,b ,d m]ely abridge4 ,! utmo/ residuum ( fact :i* survives1 is !re=e z foll[s3-- #crd4 ,9 a s5t5ce ( #aa words1 ,b omit #d3 ,d o!r #d4 #d?4 #i words1 ,b omit #e3 ,d o!r #e4 #h?4 #e words1 ,b omit #b3 ,d o!r #b4 ,b if ?is be 8! cle>e/ ,evid5ce0 7p4 #id7 producible = 8! ,!ory ( ,conflation10--!n1 ! less said ab\t ! 8,!ory10 ! bett] = ! cr$it ( its di/+ui%$ ,inv5tors4 ,h[ any rational ,textual ,!ory is to be con/ruct$ out ( ! =ego+ ,omissions1 we fail to div9e4 ,b inde$ ! :ole matt] is demon/rably a weak imag9ation1--a dream1 & no?+ m4 ,,xi4 ,9 ! meantime1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 in/ead ( realiz+ ! insecurity ( ! gr\nd "u _! feet1 proce$ gravely to build ^u x1 & to treat _! hypo!tical assumptions z well-asc]ta9$ facts4 ,!y imag9e t !y h already be5 l$ by 8indep5d5t ,evid5ce0 to reg>d 8! long] read+s z conflate ea* f ! two e>li] read+s30--:]eas1 up to p4 #aje 7:]e ! /atem5t occurs71 !y h really fail$ to produce a s+le p>ticle ( evid5ce1 direct or indirect1 = _! op9ion4 8,we h f\nd reason to believe0 ! ,read+s ( ,b ,l1 7say !y17 8to be ! orig9al ,read+s40--,b :y1 if ?is is ! case1 h !y kept _! 8f9d+0 s entirely to !mselves8--,no reason :atev] h !y assign$ = _! belief4 ,! ,read] is pres5tly assur$ 7p4 #ajf7 t 8x is c]ta90 t ! ,read+s exhibit$ by ! traditional ,text 9 ! eight suppos$ cases ( 8,conflation0 are all po/]ior 9 date to ! fragm5t>y read+s exhibit$ by ,b & ,d4 ,b1 once m1 ,:at is ! gr\nd ( ?is 8c]ta9ty08--,pres5tly 7viz4 9 p4 #ajg71 ! ,read] meets ) ! fur!r assurance t 8! prov$ actual use ( %ort] docum5ts 9 ! conflate ,read+s r5d]s _! use else:]e a v]a causa 9 ! ,newtonian s5se40 ,b1 once m1--,:]e & :at is ! 8pro(0 ref]r$ to8 ,may a pla9 man1 s9c]ely 9 se>* ( ,tru?1--aft] wa/+ _m preci\s h\rs ov] ^! b>r5 pages--be p]mitt$ to decl>e t he res5ts su* solemn trifl+8 7,he craves to be =giv5 if he av[s t 8,pickwickian0--n 8,newtonian0--0 ! epi!t :i* solicit$ him1 :5 he _h to transcribe = ! ,pr9t] ! passage :i* imm$iately prec$es47 ,,xii4 ,next come #h pages 7pp4 #ajg-ae7 head$--8,po/]iority ( #8,syrian' to #8,we/]n' & o!r 7neutral & #8,alex&rian'7 ,read+s1 %[n by ,ante-,nic5e ,patri/ic evid5ce40 ,9 :i* h[ev] we are really 8%[n0 no?+ ( ! sort4 ,bold ,ass]tions ab\nd1 7z usual ) ?is respect$ writ]17 b ,pro( he nev] attempts any4 ,n a p>ticle ( 8,evid5ce0 is adduc$4--,next come #e pages head$1--8,po/]iority ( ,syrian to ,we/]n1 ,alex&rian1 & o!r 7neutral7 ,read+s1 %[n by ,int]nal evid5ce ( ,syrian read+s0 7p4 #aae74 ,b aga9 we are 8%[n0 absolutely no?+3 al?\gh we are treat$ to ! assurance t we h be5 %[n _m wond]s4 ,?us1 8! ,syrian conflate ,read+s h %[n ! ,syrian text to be po/]ior to at lea/ two anci5t =ms /ill extant0 7p4 #aae73 :i* is ! v ?+ !y h signally fail$ to d4 ,next1 8,patri/ic evid5ce has %[n t ^! two anci5t ,texts1 & also a ?ird1 mu/ h already exi/$ e>ly 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 & sugge/$ v /rong gr\nds = believ+ t 9 ! middle ( ! c5tury ! ,syrian ,text _h n yet be5 =m$40 ,:]eas no s+le appeal has be5 made to ! evid5ce suppli$ by "o s+le anci5t ,fa!r6-- 8,ano!r /ep is ga9$ by a close exam9ation ( all ,read+s di/9ctively ,syrian40--7,ibid47 ,& yet we are nev] told :i* ! 8,read+s di/9ctively ,syrian0 are1--al?\gh !y are h5ce=? ref]r$ to 9 e page4 ,nei!r are we in/ruct$ h[ to recognize !m :5 we see !m2 :i* is un=tunate1 s9ce 8x foll[s10--7?\gh we entirely fail to see f :at17--8t all di/9ctively ,syrian ,read+s may be set aside at once z c]ta9ly orig9at+ aft] ! middle ( ! ?ird c5tury40 7p4 #aag7 444 ,let u he> a little m on ! subject3-- 8,! same ,facts0--7?\gh ,dr4 ,hort has n hi!rto fav\r$ u ) any7--8lead to ano!r conclusion ( equal or ev5 great] importance respect+ non-di/9ctive ,syrian ,read+s 444 ,s9ce ! ,syrian ,text is only a modifi$ eclectic comb9ation ( e>li] ,texts indep5d5tly atte/$10-- 7= x is 9 ?is confid5t /yle t ^! em95t ,s*ol>s h&le ! problem !y und]took to solve1 b z yet h fail$ ev5 to t\*71-- 8exi/+ docum5ts desc5d$ f x c atte/ no?+ b itself40--7p4 #aah47 ,pres5tly1 we are in=m$ t 8x foll[s f :at has be5 said above10--7?\gh h[ x foll[s1 we fail to see17--8t all ,read+s 9 :i* ! ,pre-,syrian texts concur1 mu/ be accept$ at once z ! ,apo/olic ,read+s30 & t 8all di/9ctively ,syrian ,read+s mu/ be at once reject$40--7p4 #aai47 ,tr5*ant decrees ( ?is k9d at la/ arre/ att5tion4 ,x becomes app>5t t we h to d ) a ,writ] :o has discov]$ a summ>y way ( deal+ ) ! ,text ( ,scripture1 & :o is prep>$ to imp>t 8 secret to any :o c>e to accept--)\t que/ion+--8 views4 ,we look back to see :]e ?is accession ( confid5ce began1 & are rem9d$ t at p4 #ajh ,dr4 ,hort ann\nc$ t = conv5i5ce he %\ld h5ce=? speak ( c]ta9 8gr\ps ( docum5ts10 by ! conv5tional names 8,we/]n0--8,pre-,syrian0--8,alex&rian0-- & s =?4 ,accord+ly1 ev] s9ce1 7sometimes eight or t5 times 9 ! c\rse ( a s+le page17#gai77 we h enc\nt]$ ?is arbitr>y t]m9ology3 h be5 requir$ to accept x z ! expression ( asc]ta9$ facts 9 ,textual ,sci5ce4 ,n till we f9d ourselves fl\nd]+ 9 ! deep mire1 d we become fully aw>e ( ! absurdity ( our position4 ,!n at la/1 7& high "t too671 we insi/ on kn[+ :at on e>? our ,guide is ab\t1 & :i!r he is propos+ to lead u8444 ,m consid]ate to our ,read]s ?an he has be5 to u1 we propose be=e go+ any fur!r1 7in/ead ( my/ify+ ! subject z ,dr4 ,hort has done17 to /ate 9 a few pla9 words :at ! pres5t ,!ory1 dive/$ ( p$antry & circumlocution1 proves to be2 & :at is ,dr4 ,hort's actual cont5tion4 ,,xiii4 ,! "o great ,fact1 :i* especially tr\bles him & 8 jo9t ,editor17#gbj7--7;z well x may7--is ,! ,traditional ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,scriptures4 ,call ?is ,text ,erasmian or ,complut5sian1--! ,text ( ,/eph5s1 or ( ,beza1 or ( ! ,elzevirs1--call x ! 8,receiv$10 or ! ,traditional ,greek ,text1 or :atev] o!r "n y please2--! fact rema9s1 t a ,text has come d[n to u :i* is atte/$ by a g5]al cons5sus ( anci5t ,copies1 anci5t ,fa!rs1 anci5t ,v]sions4 ,?is1 at all ev5ts1 is a po9t on :i*1 7happily17 !re exi/s entire con=mity ( op9ion betwe5 ,dr4 ,hort & ourselves4 ,our ,read]s _c h yet =gott5 8 virtual admission t1--,beyond all "q ! ,textus ,receptus is ! dom9ant ,grco-,syrian ,text ( ,a4,d4 #cej to ,a4,d4 #djj47gba7 ,obta9$ f a v>iety ( s\rces1 ?is ,text proves to be ess5tially ! same 9 all4 ,t x requires ,revision 9 respect ( _m ( its less] details1 is und5iable3 b x is at lea/ z c]ta9 t x is an excell5t ,text z x /&s1 & t ! use ( x w nev] lead critical /ud5ts ( ,scripture s]i\sly a/ray1--:i* is :at no "o w v5ture to pr$icate conc]n+ any s+le ,critical ,edition ( ! ,n4 ,t4 :i* has be5 publi%$ s9ce ! days ( ,griesba*1 by ! disciples ( ,griesba*'s s*ool4 ,,xiv4 ,9 m>k$ contra/ to ! ,text we speak (1--7:i* is id5tical ) ! ,text ( e extant ,lection>y ( ! ,greek ,*ur*1 & may !re=e reasonably claim to be spok5 ( z ! ,traditional ,text17--is t conta9$ 9 a little h&ful ( docum5ts ( :i* ! mo/ fam\s are codices ,b 1 & ! ,coptic ,v]sion 7z f> z x is kn[n71 on ! "o h&1--cod4 ,d & ! old ,lat9 copies1 on ! o!r4 ,to magnify ! m]its ( ^!1 z helps & guides1 & to ignore _! _m pat5t & sc&al\s defects & blemi%es3--p] fas et nefas to v9dicate _! p>am\nt au?ority :]ev] x is 9 any way possible to d s2 & :5 t is cle>ly impossible1 !n to treat _! errors z ! anci5t ,egyptians treat$ _! cats1 dogs1 monkeys1 & o!r v]m91--namely1 to embalm !m1 & pay !m ,div9e hon\rs3--su* = ! la/ #ej ye>s has be5 ! practice ( ! dom9ant s*ool ( ,textual ,criticism among ourselves4 ,! natural & ev5 necess>y correlative ( ?is1 has be5 ! disp>agem5t ( ! m]its ( ! commonly ,receiv$ ,text3 :i* has come to be spok5 (1 7we "k n :y17 z contemptu\sly1 almo/ z bitt]ly1 z if x _h be5 at la/ asc]ta9$ to be untru/wor?y 9 e respect3 a ?+ undes]v+ alike ( a place & ( a "n among ! monum5ts ( ! ,pa/4 ,ev5 to h 8us$ ! ,receiv$ ,text z a basis = correction0 7p4 #ahd7 is /igmatiz$ by ,dr4 ,hort z "o 8great cause0 :y ,griesba* w5t a/ray4 ,,xv4 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h 9 fact out/ripp$ _! pr$ecessors 9 ?is s+ul> race4 ,_! absolute contempt = ! ,traditional ,text1--_! sup]/iti\s v5]ation = a few anci5t docum5ts2 7:i* docum5ts h[ev] !y freely confess are n m anci5t ?an ! 8,traditional ,text0 :i* !y despise27--kn[s no b\nds4 ,b ! ?+ j n[ to be att5d$ to is ! argum5tative process :]eby !y seek to ju/ify _! pref]5ce4--,,la*mann av[$ly took 8 /& on a v few ( ! olde/ kn[n docum5ts3 & ?\gh ,,tregelles slightly enl>g$ ! area ( 8 pr$ecessor's obs]vations1 8 me?od 0 practically id5tical ) t ( ,la*mann4--,,tis*5dorf1 appeal+ to e kn[n au?ority1 inv>iably %[s himself reg>dless ( ! evid5ce he has himself accumulat$4 ,:]e c]ta9 ( ! uncials are1--!re 8 v]dict is sure also to be4444 ,any?+ m unsci5tific1 m unphilosophical1 m transp>5tly fooli% ?an su* a me?od1 c sc>cely be conceiv$3 b x has prevail$ = #ej ye>s1 & is n[ at la/ m hotly ?an ev] advocat$ by ,drs4 ,,we/cott & ,,hort4 ,only1 7to _! cr$it be x record$17 !y h _h ! s5se to p]ceive t x mu/ ne$s be recomm5d$ by ,argum5ts ( "s sort1 or else x w inevitably fall to pieces ! fir/ f9e day any "o is f\nd to *>ge x1 ) ! necess>y k ( ! subject1 & ) suffici5t resolut5ess ( purpose1 to make him a =midable foe4 ,,xvi4 ,_! exp$i5t has be5 z foll[s4--,aw>e t ! ,receiv$ or ,traditional ,greek ,text 7to quote _! own words17 8is virtually id5tical ) t us$ by ,*ryso/om & o!r ,antio*ian ,fa!rs 9 ! latt] "p ( ! ,i,vth c5tury30 & fully alive to ! fact t x 8mu/ !re=e h be5 repres5t$ by ,manuscripts z old z any :i* are n[ surviv+0 7,text1 p4 #edg71--!y h inv5t$ an extraord9>y ,hypo!sis 9 ord] to acc\nt = its exi/5ce3-- ,!y assume t ! writ+s ( ,orig5 8e/abli% ! prior exi/5ce ( at lea/ ?ree types ( ,text30--! mo/ cle>ly m>k$ ( :i*1 !y call ! 8,we/]n30--ano!r1 less prom95t1 !y designate z 8,alex&rian30--! ?ird holds 7!y say7 a middle or 8,neutral0 position4 7,t all ?is is m]e moon%9e1--a day-dream & no m1--we %all insi/1 until "s pro(s h be5 produc$ t ! respect$ ,au?ors are mov+ amid mat]ial =ms1--n disc\rs+ ) ! creations ( _! own bra947 8,! priority ( two at lea/ ( ^! ?ree ,texts j notic$ to ! ,syrian ,text10 !y are confid5t has be5 e/abli%$ by ! eight 8conflate0 ,syrian ,read+s :i* !y flatt] !mselves !y h already resolv$ into _! 8,we/]n0 & 8,neutral0 elem5ts 7,text1 p4 #edg74 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a "p ( ! subject on :i* we v5ture to hope t our ,read]s by ?is "t h =m$ a tol]ably cle> op9ion = !mselves4 ,! gr\nd has be5 cle>$ ( ! flimsy sup]/ructure :i* ^! ,critics h be5 #cj ye>s 9 rais+1 ev] s9ce we blew away 7pp4 #beh-fe7 ! airy f\ndation on :i* x re/$4 ,at ! end ( "s confid5t yet s+ul>ly hazy /atem5ts conc]n+ ! *>act]i/ics ( 8,we/]n0 7pp4 #abj-f71 ( 8,neutral0 7#abf-cj71 & ( 8,alex&rian0 ,read+s 7#acj-b71 ,dr4 ,hort fav\rs u ) ! assurance t-- 8,! ,syrian ,text1 to :i* ! ord] ( "t n[ br+s u10 8is ! *ief monum5t ( a new p]iod ( textual hi/ory40--7p4 #acb47 8,n[1 ! ?ree great l9es 7 br\ght toge!r1 & made to contribute to ! =mation ( a new ,text diff]5t f all40--7p4 #acc47 ,let x only be c>efully rememb]$ t x is ( some?+ virtually id5tical ) ! ,textus ,receptus t we are j n[ read+ an imag9>y hi/ory1 & x is presum$ t ! mo/ c>eless w be made att5tive4 8,! ,syrian ,text mu/ 9 fact be ! result ( a #8,rec5sion1' 444 p]=m$ delib]ately by ,editors1 & n m]ely by ,scribes40--7,ibid47 ,b :y 8mu/0 x8 ,in/ead ( 8mu/ 9 fact10 we are dispos$ to read 8may--9 fiction40 ,! le>n$ ,critic c b mean t1 on comp>+ ! ,text ( ,fa!rs ( ! ,i,vth c5tury ) ! ,text ( cod4 ,b1 x becomes to himself self-evid5t t "o ( ! two has be5 fabricat$4 ,grant$4 ,!n1--,:y %\ld n ! solit>y ,codex be ! (f5d+ p>ty8 ,= :at imag9able reason %\ld cod4 ,b1--:i* comes to u )\t a "*1 & :i*1 :5 tri$ by ! te/ ( primitive ,antiquity1 /&s convict$ ( 8univ]sa vitiositas10 7to use ,tis*5dorf's expression72--:y 7we ask7 %\ld codex ,b be upheld 8contra mundum08444 ,dr4 ,hort proce$s--7/ill speak+ ( 8! imag9>y ,syrian ,text071-- 8,x 0 probably initiat$ by ! di/ract+ & inconv5i5t curr5cy ( at lea/ ?ree conflict+ ,texts 9 ! same region40--7p4 #acc47 ,well b1--,w\ld x n h be5 m me?odical if 8! curr5cy ( at lea/ ?ree conflict+ ,texts 9 ! same region10 _h be5 fir/ demon/rat$8 or1 at lea/1 %[n to be a ?+ probable8 ,till ?is 8di/ract+0 ph5om5on has be5 to "s ext5t prov$ to h any exi/5ce 9 fact1 :at possible 8probability0 c be claim$ = ! hi/ory ( a 8,rec5sion10--:i* v ,rec5sion1 up to ?is po9t1 has n be5 prov$ to h ev] tak5 place at all8 8,ea* ,text may p]haps h f\nd a ,patron 9 "s lead+ p]sonage or see1 & ?us h seem$ to call = a conciliation ( rival claims40--7p4 #acd47 ,:y yes1 to be sure1--8ea* ,text if x exi/$ may p]haps or p]haps may n h f\nd a ,patron 9 "s lead+ p]sonage z ,dr4 ,hort or ,dr4 ,scriv5] 9 our own days30 b !n1 be x rememb]$1 ?is w only h be5 possible1--7a7 ,if ! ,rec5sion ev] took place3 &--7b7 ,if x 0 conduct$ aft] ! extraord9>y fa%ion :i* prevail$ 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] f #ahgj to #ahha3 = :i* we h ! unimpea*able te/imony ( an eye-witness27#gbb7 confirm$ by ! ,*airman ( ! ,revisioni/ body1--by :om 9 fact x 0 delib]ately inv5t$47#gbc7 ,b !n1 s9ce n a %ad[ ( pro( is =?com+ t any su* ,rec5sion z ,dr4 ,hort imag9es ev] took place at all1--:at else b a purely gratuit\s ex]cise ( ! imag9ative faculty is x1 t ,dr4 ,hort %\ld proce$ fur!r to inv5t ! me?od :i* might1 or c\ld1 or w\ld1 or %\ld h be5 pursu$1 if x _h tak5 place8 ,hav+ h[ev] 9 ?is way 7#a7 ,assum$ a 8,syrian ,rec5sion10--7#b7 ,inv5t$ ! cause ( x1--& 7#c7 ,dream$ ! process by :i* x 0 c>ri$ into execution1--! ,critic ha/5s1 m suo1 to *>act]ize ! hi/orical result 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- 8,! qualities :i* ,,! ,,au?ors ,,( ,,! ,,syrian ,,text seem to h mo/ desir$ to impress on x are lucidity & complet5ess4 ,!y 7 evid5tly anxi\s to remove all /umbl+-blocks out ( ! way ( ! ord9>y read]1 s f> z ?is c\ld be done )\t rec\rse to viol5t measures4 ,!y 7 app>5tly equally desir\s t he %\ld h ! b5efit ( in/ructive matt] conta9$ 9 all ! exi/+ ,texts1 provid$ x did n confuse ! context or introduce seem+ contradictions4 ,new ,omissions accord+ly are r>e1 & :]e !y occur are usually f\nd to contribute to app>5t simplicity4 ,new ,int]polations1 on ! o!r h&1 are abundant1 mo/ ( !m be+ due to h>moni/ic or o!r assimilation1 =tunately caprici\s & incomplete4 ,bo? 9 matt] & 9 diction ,,! ,,syrian ,,text is conspicu\sly a full ,text4 ,x delights 9 ,pron\ns1 ,conjunctions1 & ,expletives & suppli$ l9ks ( all k9ds1 z well z 9 m consid]able ,additions4 ,z di/+ui%$ f ! bold vig\r ( ! #8,we/]n' scribes1 & ! ref9$ s*ol>%ip ( ! #8,alex&rians1' ! _s ( its own corrections is at once s5sible & feeble4 ,entirely blameless1 on ei!r lit]>y or religi\s gr\nds1 z reg>ds vulg>iz$ or unwor?y diction1 yet %ew+ no m>ks ( ei!r ,critical or ,spiritual insight1 x pres5ts ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 a =m smoo? & attractive1 b appreciably impov]i%$ 9 s5se & =ce2 m fitt$ = cursory p]usal or recitation ?an = repeat$ & dilig5t /udy40--7pp4 #acd-e47 ,,xvii4 ,we =be> to (f] any rem>ks on ?is4 ,we %\ld be ?\ght uncivil 7 we to decl>e our own c&id e/imate ( 8! critical & spiritual0 p]ception ( ! man :o c\ld p]mit himself s to write4 ,we pref] to proce$ ) our sket* ( ! ,!ory1 7( ! ,dream r17 :i* is int5d$ to acc\nt = ! exi/5ce ( ! ,traditional ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t43 only v5tur+ aga9 to submit t surely x w\ld h be5 high "t to discuss ! *>act]i/ics :i* 8! ,au?ors ( ! ,syrian ,text0 impress$ ^u _! "w1 :5 x _h be5 fir/ e/abli%$--or at lea/ r5d]$ probable--t ! suppos$ ,op]ators & t ! assum$ ,op]ation h any exi/5ce except 9 ! f]tile bra9 ( ?is di/+ui%$ & highly imag9ative writ]4 ,,xviii4 ,n[1 ! fir/ consid]ation :i* /rikes u z fatal to ,dr4 ,hort's unsupport$ conjecture conc]n+ ! date ( ! ,text he calls 8,syrian0 or 8,antio*ian10 is ! fact t :at he s designates be>s a mo/ inconv5i5t resemblance to ! ,pes*ito or anci5t ,syriac ,v]sion2 :i*1 l ! old ,lat91 is 7by cons5t ( ! ,critics7 g5]ally assign$ to ! second c5tury ( our era4 8,x is at any rate no /ret* ( imag9ation10 7accord+ to ,bp4 ,ellicott17 8to suppose t portions ( x might h be5 9 ! h&s ( ,s4 ,john40 p4 #bf4 ,accord+ly1 ^! ,editors assure u t-- 8! only way ( expla9+ ! :ole body ( facts is to suppose t ! ,syriac1 l ! ,lat9 ,v]sion1 und]w5t ,revision long aft] its orig92 & t our ord9>y ,syriac ,,mss4 repres5t n ! primitive b ! alt]$ ,syriac ,text40--7p4 #acf47 8,a ,revision ( ! old ,syriac ,v]sion appe>s to h tak5 place 9 ! ,i,vth c5tury1 or soon]2 & d\btless 9 "s connexion ) ! ,syrian ,revision ( ! ,greek ,text1 ! read+s be+ to a v great ext5t co9cid5t40--7,text1 #eeb47 8,till rec5tly1 ! ,pes*ito has be5 kn[n only 9 ! =m :i* x f9ally receiv$ by an evid5tly au?oritative ,revision10--a ,syriac 8,vulgate0 answ]+ to ! ,lat9 8,vulgate40--7p4 #hd47 8,hi/orical antec$5ts r5d] x tol]ably c]ta9 t ! locality ( su* an au?oritative ,revision0--7:i* ,revision h[ev]1 be x obs]v$1 /ill re/s :olly on unsupport$ conjecture7--8w\ld be ei!r ,edessa or ,nisibis40--7p4 #acf47 ,9 ! meantime1 ! abom9ably corrupt docum5t kn[n z 8,cureton's ,syriac10 is1 by ano!r bold hypo!sis1 assum$ to be ! only surviv+ specim5 ( ! unrevis$ ,v]sion1 & is h5ce=? inv>iably designat$ by ^! au?ors z 8! old ,syriac20 & ref]r$ to1 z 8syr4 vt410--79 imitation ( ! ,lat9 8vetus073 ! v5]able ,pes*ito be+ ref]r$ to z ! 8,vulgate ,syriac10--8syr4 vg40 8,:5 !re=e we f9d l>ge & peculi> co9cid5ces betwe5 ! revis$ ,syriac ,text & ! ,text ( ! ,antio*ian ,fa!rs ( ! latt] "p ( ! ,i,vth c5tury10--( :i* co9cid5ces1 7be x rem>k$ 9 pass+17 ! obvi\s explanation is1 t ! ,texts ref]r$ to are fai?ful traditional repres5tations ( ! inspir$ autographs2--8& /rong indications t ! ,revision 0 delib]ate & 9 "s way au?oritative 9 bo? cases1--x becomes natural to suppose t ! two op]ations _h "s hi/orical connexion40--7pp4 #acf-g47 ,,xix4 ,b h[ does x happ5--7let ! "q be ask$ )\t (f5ce7--t a man ( good abilities1 br$ 9 a ,univ]sity :i* is suppos$ to cultivate especially ! ,sci5ce ( exact reason+1 %\ld habitually all[ himself 9 su* slip%od writ+ z ?is8 ,! v fact ( a 8,revision0 ( ! ,syriac has all to be prov$2 & until x has be5 demon/rat$1 _c ( c\rse be reason$ ^u z a fact4 ,in/ead ( demon/ration1 we f9d ourselves invit$ 7#a7--8,to suppose0 t su* a ,revision took place3 & 7#b7--8,to suppose0 t all our exi/+ ,manuscripts repres5t x4 ,b 7z we h said7 n a %ad[ ( reason is produc$ :y we %\ld be s complaisant z 8to suppose0 ei!r ! "o ?+ or ! o!r4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! accompli%$ ,critic ha/5s to assure u t !re exi/ 8/rong indications0--7:y are we n %[n !m87--t ! ,revision he speaks ( 0 8delib]ate1 & 9 "s way au?oritative40 ,out ( ?is gr[s a 8natural supposition0 t 8two purely imag9>y op]ations10 8_h "s hi/orical connexion40 ,already !re=e has ! %ad[ ?ick5$ into a sub/ance4 8,! ,revis$ ,syriac ,text0 has by ?is "t come to be spok5 ( z an admitt$ fact4 ,! process :]eby x came into be+ is ev5 assum$ to h be5 8delib]ate & au?oritative40 ,^! ,editors h5ce=? /yle ! ,pes*ito ! 8,syriac ,vulgate10--z confid5tly z ,j]ome's ,revision ( ! old ,lat9 is /yl$ ! 8,lat9 ,vulgate40 ,!y ev5 assure u t 8,cureton's ,syriac0 8r5d]s ! comp>atively late & #8revis$' "* ( ! ,syriac ,vulgate a matt] ( c]ta9ty0 7p4 #hd74 ,! v city 9 :i* ! latt] und]w5t ,revision1 c1 x seems1 be fix$ ) 8tol]able c]ta9ty0 7p4 #acf74444 ,c ,dr4 ,hort be s]i\s8 ,at ! end ( a s]ies ( conjectures1 7! f\ndation ( :i* is ! hypo!sis ( an ,antio*ian ,rec5sion ( ! ,greek17 ! le>n$ writ] ann\nces t--8,! textual elem5ts ( ea* pr9ciple docum5t hav+ be+ ?us asc]ta9$1 x n[ becomes possible to det]m9e ! ,g5ealogy ( a mu* l>g] numb] ( individual read+s ?an be=e0 7,text1 p4 #eeb74--,we read & m>vel4 ,s !n1 9 brief1 ! ,!ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort is ?is3--t1 some:]e betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & ,a4,d4 #cej1 87#a7 ,! gr[+ div]sity & confusion ( ,greek ,texts l$ to an au?oritative ,revision at ,antio*3--:i* 7#b7 0 !n tak5 z /&>d = a simil> au?oritative ,revision ( ! ,syriac text3--& 7#c7 0 itself at a lat] "t subject$ to a second au?oritative ,revision0--?is 8f9al process0 hav+ be5 8app>5tly complet$ by ,a4,d4 #cej or !reab\ts40--7p4 #acg47 ,,xx4 ,n[1 in/ead ( insi/+ t ?is entire ,!ory is made up ( a s]ies ( purely gratuit\s assumptions1--de/itute alike ( atte/ation & ( probability3 & t1 z a m]e ef=t ( ! ,imag9ation1 x is entitl$ to no mann] ( consid]ation or respect at our h&s3--in/ead ( deal+ ?us ) :at prec$es1 we propose to be mo/ k9d & accommodat+ to ,dr4 ,hort4 ,we proce$ to accept 8 ,!ory 9 its entirety4 ,we w1 ) ! ,read]'s p]mission1 assume t all he tells u is hi/orically true3 is an au!ntic n>rative ( :at actually did take place4 ,we %all 9 ! end invite ! same ,read] to recognize ! inevitable consequ5ces ( our admission3 to :i* we %all inexorably p9 ! le>n$ ,editors--b9d !m h& & foot2--( c\rse res]v+ to ourselves ! "r ( disall[+ = ourselves z mu* ( ! matt] z we please4 ,some:]e betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & #cej !re=e1--78x is impossible to say ) confid5ce0 p4 #acg :at 0 ! actual date1 b ^! ,editors evid5tly incl9e to ! latt] half ( ! ,i,i,ird c5tury1 i4e4 circa ,a4,d4 #bge72--we are to believe t ! ,ecclesia/ical heads ( ! f\r great ,patri>*ates ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom1--,alex&ria1 ,antio*1 ,j]usalem1 ,con/ant9ople1--_h become s tr\bl$ at witness+ ! preval5ce ( deprav$ copies ( ,holy ,scripture 9 _! respective *ur*es1 t !y resolv$ by common cons5t on a*iev+ an au?oritative ,revision :i* %\ld h5ce=? become ! /&>d ,text ( all ! ,patri>*ates ( ! ,ea/4 ,! same s5tim5t ( di/ress--7by ! hypo!sis7 p5etrat$ into ,syria prop]2 & ! ,bi%ops ( ,edessa or ,nisibis1 78great c5tres ( life & culture to ! ,*ur*es ^: language 0 ,syriac10 p4 #acf17 l5t !mselves s effectually to ! project1 t a s+le fragm5t>y docum5t is1 at ! pres5t day1 ! only ve/ige rema9+ ( ! ,text :i* be=e _h be5 univ]sally preval5t 9 ! ,syriac-speak+ ,*ur*es ( antiquity4 8,! almo/ total ext9ction ( ,old ,syriac ,,mss41 contra/$ ) ! great numb] ( extant ,vulgate ,syriac ,,mss410--7= x is ?us t ,dr4 ,hort habitually exhibits evid5ce671--is to be attribut$1 x seems1 to ! p[] & influ5ce ( ! ,au?ors ( ! imag9>y ,syriac ,revision4 ibid4 ,bp4 ,ellicott1 by ! way 7an unexceptionable witness71 *>act]izes ,cureton's ,syriac z 8s+ul> & sometimes r wild40 8,! text1 ( a v composite nature2 sometimes incl9+ to ! %ortness & simplicity ( ! ,vatican manuscript1 b m commonly pres5t+ ! same p>aphra/ic "* ( text z ! ,codex ,bez40 p4 #db4 7,x is1 9 fact1 an utt]ly deprav$ & fabricat$ docum5t47 ,we v5ture to rem>k 9 pass+ t ,textual matt]s mu/ h ev]y:]e rea*$ a v al>m+ pass inde$ to r5d] intelligible ! resort to s extraord9>y a /ep z a repres5tative ,conf]5ce ( ! 8lead+ ,p]sonages or ,sees0 7p4 #acd7 ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom4 ,! inf]5ce is at lea/ inevitable1 t m5 9 high place at t "t deem$ !mselves compet5t to grapple ) ! problem4 ,en\gh 0 famili>ly kn[n ab\t ! "* & ! s\rces ( ^! corrupt ,texts to make x c]ta9 t !y w\ld be recognizable :5 produc$2 & t1 :5 condemn$ by au?ority1 !y w\ld no long] be propagat$1 & 9 ! end w\ld cease to mole/ ! ,*ur*4 ,?us mu*1 at all ev5ts1 is legitimately to be inf]r$ f ! hypo!sis4 ,,xxi4 ,behold !n f e pr9cipal ,diocese ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom1 & 9 ! ,*ur*'s palmie/ days1 ! mo/ fam\s ( ! ante-,nic5e ,fa!rs repair to ,antio*4 ,!y g up by au?ority1 & are att5d$ by skill$ ,ecclesia/ics ( ! highe/ !ological atta9m5t4 ,be>]s are !y p]=ce ( a va/ numb] ( ,copies ( ! ,scriptures3 & 7by ! hypo!sis7 ! late/ possible dates ( any ( ^! ,copies mu/ range betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & #cej4 ,b ! ,delegates ( s _m anci5t ,sees w h be5 supremely c>eful1 be=e />t+ on s important & solemn an err&1 to make dilig5t se>* = ! olde/ ,copies any:]e discov]able3 & :5 !y rea* ! sc5e ( _! delib]ations1 we may be c]ta9 t !y are able to appeal to n a few codices writt5 )9 a hundr$ ye>s ( ! date ( ! inspir$ ,autographs !mselves4 ,copies ( ! ,scriptures au!nticat$ z hav+ belong$ to ! mo/ fam\s ( _! pr$ecessors1--& held by !m 9 high repute = ! presum$ purity ( _! ,texts--w h be5 freely produc$3 :ile1 9 select receptacles1 w h be5 /[$ away--= purposes ( comp>ison & avoidance--specim5s ( ^? dread$ ,texts ^: exi/5ce has be5 ! sole cause :y 7by ! hypo!sis7 ?is extraord9>y conc\rse ( le>n$ ,ecclesia/ics has tak5 place4 ,aft] solemnly invok+ ! ,div9e bless+1 ^! m5 address !mselves assidu\sly to _! task2 & 7by ! hypo!sis7 !y proce$ to condemn e codex :i* exhibits a 8/rictly ,we/]n10 or a 8/rictly ,alex&rian10 or a 8/rictly ,neutral0 type4 ,9 pla9 ,engli%1 if codices ,b1 1 & ,d _h be5 be=e !m1 !y w\ld h unc]emoni\sly reject$ all ?ree2 b !n1 7by ! hypo!sis7 nei!r ( ! two fir/-nam$ _h yet come into be+3 :ile #bjj ye>s at lea/ mu/ roll out be=e ,cod4 ,d w\ld see ! light4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! imm$iate ance/ors ( ,b & ,d w p]=ce h come "u judicial scrut9y2 &1 7by ! hypo!sis17 !y w h be5 scornfully reject$ by ! g5]al cons5t ( ! ,judges4 ,,xxii4 ,pass an int]val--7are we to suppose ( fifty ye>s87--& ! "w ref]r$ to is 8subject$ to a second au?oritative ,revision40 ,aga91 !re=e1 behold ! piety & le>n+ ( ! f\r great ,patri>*ates ( ! ,ea/1 =mally repres5t$ at ,antio*6 ,! ,*ur* is n[ 9 h] palmie/ days4 ,"s ( h] greate/ m5 belong to ! p]iod ( :i* we are speak+4 ,eusebius 7,a4,d4 #cjh-cdj7 is 9 8 glory4 ,"o :ole g5]ation has come & gone s9ce ! la/ ,textual ,conf]5ce 0 held1 at ,antio*4 ,yet is no incl9ation manife/$ to rev]se ! decrees ( ! e>li] ,conf]5ce4 ,?is second ,rec5sion ( ! ,text ( ,scripture does b 8c>ry out m completely ! purposes ( ! fir/20 & 8! f9al process 0 app>5tly complet$ by ,a4,d4 #cej0 7p4 #acg74--,s f> ! ,cambridge ,pr(essor4 ,,xxiii4 ,b ! "o important fact impli$ by ?is augu/ delib]ation conc]n+ ! ,text ( ,scripture has be5 conv5i5tly pass$ ov] by ,dr4 ,hort 9 pr(\nd sil5ce4 ,we take leave to repair 8 omission by invit+ ! ,read]'s p>ticul> att5tion to x4 ,we reque/ him to note t1 by ! hypo!sis1 !re w h be5 submitt$ to ! scrut9y ( ^! _m anci5t ,ecclesia/ics n a few codices ( exactly ! same type z codices ,b & 3 especially z codex ,b4 ,we are able ev5 to specify ) precision c]ta9 features :i* ! codices 9 "q w h all concurr$ 9 exhibit+4 ,?us1-- 7#a7 ,f ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 ^? deprav$ copies w h omitt$ ,,! ,,la/ ,,twelve ,,v]ses 7xvi4 #i-bj74 7#b7 ,f ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel ! same corrupt copies w h omitt$ our ,,savi\r',s ,,agony ,,9 ,,! ,,g>d5 7xxii4 #dc1 #dd74 7#c7 ,8 ,,pray] ,,on ,,behalf ,,( ,,8 ,,murd]]s 7xxiii4 #cd71 w h also be5 away4 7#d7 ,! ,,inscription ,,on ,,! ,,cross1 9 ,,greek1 ,,lat91 ,,& ,,hebrew 7xxiii4 #ch71 w h be5 p>tly1 misrepres5t$1--p>tly1 away4 7#e7 ,& !re w h be5 no acc\nt discov]able ( ,s4 ,,pet]',s ,,visit ,,to ,,! ,,sepul*re 7xxiv4 #ab74 7#f7 ,abs5t w h be5 also ! record ( our ,,"l',s ,,asc5sion ,,into ,,heav5 7ibid4 #ea74 7#g7 ,also1 f ,s4 ,john's ,gospel1 ! codices 9 "q w h omitt$ ! incid5t ( ,,! ,,tr\bl+ ,,( ,,! ,,pool ,,( ,,be!sda 7v4 #c1 #d74 ,n[1 we reque/ t x may be cle>ly not$ t1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort1 aga9/ e copy ( ! ,gospels s maim$ & mutilat$1 7i4e4 aga9/ e copy ( ! ,gospels ( ! same type z codices ,b & 17--! _m illu/ri\s ,bi%ops :o1 7/ill accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort17 assembl$ at ,antio*1 fir/ 9 ,a4,d4 #bej & !n 9 ,a4,d4 #cej1--;by common cons5t set a m>k ( condemnation4 ,we are assur$ t ^? fam\s m51--^? ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1--7 emphatic 9 _! sanction1 in/ead1 ( codices ( ! type ( ,cod4 ,a1--9 :i* all ^! sev5 omitt$ passages 7& _m hundr$s besides7 are duly f\nd 9 _! prop] places4 ,:51 !re=e1 at ! end ( a ?\s& & half a ?\s& ye>s1 ,dr4 ,hort 7guid$ by 8 inn] consci\sness1 & dep5d+ on an intellectual illum9ation ( :i* he is able to give no intelligible acc\nt7 proposes to rev]se ! delib]ate s5t5ce ( ,antiquity1--8 position /rikes u z bord]+ on ! ludicr\s4 ,conc]n+ ! sev5 places above ref]r$ to1 :i* ! assembl$ ,fa!rs pron\nce to be g5u9e ,scripture1 & decl>e to be wor?y ( all acceptation1--,dr4 ,hort expresses himself 9 t]ms :i*--c\ld !y h be5 he>d at ,antio*--mu/1 x is ?\ght1 h br\ght d[n ^u 8 head tok5s ( displeasure :i* might h ev5 prov$ inconv5i5t4 ,b let ! respect$ g5tleman by all means be all[$ to speak = himself3-- 7#a7 ,,! ,,la/ ,,twelve ,,v]ses ( ,s4 ,m>k 7he w\ld h be5 he>d to say7 are a 8v e>ly int]polation40 8,its au?or%ip & precise date mu/ rema9 unkn[n40 8,x manife/ly _c claim any ,apo/olic au?ority40 8,x is d\btless f\nd$ on "s tradition ( ! ,apo/olic age40--7,notes1 pp4 #df & #ea47 7#b7 ,,! ,,agony ,,9 ,,! ,,g>d5 7he w\ld h told !m7 is 8an e>ly ,we/]n int]polation10 & 8c only be a fragm5t f traditions1 writt5 or oral10--8rescu$ f oblivion by ! scribes ( ! second c5tury40--7pp4 #ff-g47 7#c7 ,,! ,,pray] ,,( ,,our ,,"l ,,= ,,8 ,,murd]]s 7,dr4 ,hort w\ld h said71--8,i _c d\bt comes f an extrane\s s\rce40 ,x is 8a ,we/]n int]polation40--7p4#fh47 7#d7 ,,to ,,! ,,inscription ,,on ,,! ,,cross1 ,,9 ,,greek1 ,,lat91 ,,& ,,hebrew ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ch1 he w\ld n h all[$ s mu* z a he>+4 7#e7 ,! spuri\sness ( ! n>rative ( ,s4 ,,pet]',s ,,visit ,,to ,,! ,,sepul*re ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #ab 7! same ,ante-,nic5e ,fa!rs w\ld h le>n$7 he reg>ds z a 8moral c]ta9ty40 ,he w\ld h assur$ !m t x is 8a ,we/]n non-int]polation40--7p4 #ga47 7#f7 ,!y w\ld h le>n$ t1 9 ! acc\nt ( ! same ,critic1 ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #ea is ano!r spuri\s addition to ! inspir$ ,text3 ano!r 8,we/]n non-int]polation40 ,dr4 ,hort w\ld h tri$ to p]suade !m t ,,our ,,"l',s ,,asc5sion ,,into ,,heav5 80 evid5tly ins]t$ f an assumption t a sep>ation f ! disciples at ! close ( a ,gospel mu/ be ! ,asc5sion10 7,notes1 p4 #gc74444 7,:at ! ,ante-,nic5e ,fa!rs w\ld h ?\ght ( _! tea*] we =be> to conjecture47--7p4 #ga47 7#g7 ,,! ,,tr\bl+ ,,( ,,! ,,pool ,,( ,,be!sda ,s4 ,john v4 #c1 #d is n ev5 all[$ a bracket$ place 9 ,dr4 ,hort's ,text4 ,h[ ! accompli%$ ,critic w\ld h set ab\t p]suad+ ! ,ante-,nic5e ,fa!rs t !y 7 9 error = hold+ x to be g5u9e ,scripture1 x is h>d to imag9e4 ,,xxiv4 ,x is pla9 !re=e t ,dr4 ,hort is 9 direct antagonism ) ! collective m9d ( ,patri/ic ,antiquity4 ,:y1 :5 x suits him1 he %\ld appeal to ! same ,anci5ts = support1--we fail to und]/&4 8,if ,baal be ,,god1 !n foll[ him60 ,dr4 ,hort has 8 codex ,b & 8 codex to guide him4 ,he in=ms u 7p4 #bgf7 t 8! fulle/ consid]ation does b increase ! conviction t ! pre-em95t relative purity0 ( ^? two codices 8is approximately absolute1--a true approximate reproduction ( ! ,text ( ! ,autographs40 ,on ! o!r h&1 he has discov]$ t ! ,receiv$ ,text is virtually ! production ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,nic5e ,age 7,a4,d4 #bej-;,a4,d4 #cej71--;exhibits a ,text fabricat$ ?r\gh\t by ! unit$ ef=ts ( ^? well-int5tion$ b ?or\ghly misguid$ m54 ,:at is x to him1 h5ce=?1 h[ ,a?anasius1 or ,didymus1 or ,cyril exhibits a place8 ,yes1 we repeat x1--,dr4 ,hort is 9 direct antagonism ) ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,i,i,ird & ! ,i,vth ,c5tury4 ,8 own fanta/ic hypo!sis ( a 8,syrian ,text10--! solemn expression ( ! collective wisdom & delib]ate judgm5t ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,nic5e ,age 7,a4,d4 #bej-;,a4,d4 #cej71--;is ! be/ answ] :i* c by possibility be inv5t$ to 8 own pages1--is1 9 our acc\nt1 ! "o suffici5t & conclusive refutation ( 8 own ,text4 ,?us1 8 prolix & p]v]se discussion ( ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj 7viz4 f p4 #bh to p4 #ea ( 8 ,notes71--:i*1 c>efully analys$1 is f\nd m]ely to am\nt to 8,?ank y = %[+ u our mi/ake2 b we mean to /ick to our ,mumpsimus603--^? _m inf]5ces z well f :at ! ,fa!rs d n say1 z f :at !y d2--are all effectually dispos$ ( by 8 own !ory ( a 8,syrian text40 ,a mighty array ( =gott5 ,bi%ops1 ,fa!rs1 ,doctors ( ! ,nic5e p]iod1 come back & calmly assure ! accompli%$ ,pr(essor t ! evid5ce on :i* he relies is b an insignificant fraction ( ! evid5ce :i* 0 be=e !mselves :5 !y deliv]$ _! judgm5t4 8,_h y kn[n b ! ?\s&? "p ( :at we knew famili>ly10 say !y1 8y w\ld h sp>$ y\rself ?is exposure4 ,y seem to h =gott5 t ,eusebius 0 "o ( ! *ief p]sons 9 our assembly2 t ,cyril ( ,j]usalem & ,a?anasius1 ,basil & ,gregory ( ,nazianzus1 z well z 8 namesake ( ,nyssa1--7 all liv+ :5 we held our ,textual ,conf]5ce1 & "s ( !m1 ?\gh "y m51 7 ev5 p>ties to our decree40444 ,n[1 z an argum5tum ad hom9em1 ?is1 be x obs]v$1 is decisive & admits ( no rejo9d]4 ,,xxv4 ,h[ !n ab\t ^? 8,syrian ,conflations0 conc]n+ :i* a few pages back we he>d s mu*1 & = :i* ,dr4 ,hort consid]s ! augu/ tribunal ( :i* we are n[ speak+ to be responsible8 ,he is conv9c$ t ! 7s-call$7 ,syrian ,text 7:i* he reg>ds z ! product ( _! delib]ations71 is 8an eclectic text comb9+ ,read+s f ! ?ree pr9cipal ,texts0 7p4 #ade73 :i* ,read+s 9 consequ5ce he calls 8conflate40 ,h[ !n is x to be suppos$ t ^! 8,conflations0 arose8 ,! answ] is obvi\s4 ,z 8,conflations10 !y h no exi/5ce1--save 9 ! f]tile bra9 ( ,dr4 ,hort4 ,c\ld ! ante-,nic5e fa!rs :o nev] met at ,antio* h be5 int]rogat$ by him conc]n+ ?is matt]1--7let ! ,hib]nian supposition be all[$ = argum5t sake67--!y w\ld p]=ce h made answ]1--8,y q mi/ake ! purpose = :i* we came toge!r1 le>n$ sir6 ,y are evid5tly ?9k+ ( y\r ,j]usalem ,*amb] & ( ! unhe>d-( me?od devis$ by y\r ,bi%op0 see pp4 #cg to #ci3 also p4 #bgc 8= asc]ta9+ ! ,tru? ( ,scripture4 ,well may ! resuscitation ( s _m =gott5 blund]s h occupi$ y & y\r colleagues = z long a p]iod z 0 exp5d$ on ! ,siege ( ,troy6 ,our bus9ess 0 n to inv5t read+s :e!r by #8,conflation' or o!rwise1 b only to di/+ui% betwe5 spuri\s ,texts & g5u9e1--families ( fabricat$ ,,mss41 & ^? :i* we knew to be tru/wor?y1--mutilat$ & unmutilat$ ,copies4 ,e "o ( :at y are pleas$ to call #8,conflate ,read+s1' le>n$ sir1 we f\nd--j z y f9d !m--9 #ii out ( #ajj ( our copies3 & we gave !m our delib]ate approval1 & left !m /&+ 9 ! ,text 9 consequ5ce4 ,we believ$ !m to be1--we are confid5t t !y are1--! v words ( ! ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les ( ! ,,"l3 ! ipsissima v]ba ( ! ,,_s3 #8! true say+s ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/4' 0 ,see p4 #ch1 note #b4 ,all ?is h[ev] by ! way4 ,! ess5tial ?+ to be borne 9 m9d is t1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort1--on two di/9ct occasions betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & #cej--! :ole ,ea/]n ,*ur*1 meet+ by repres5tation 9 h] palmie/ days1 delib]ately put =? t ,traditional ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ) :i* we at ?is day are *iefly famili>4 ,t ?is is inde$ 8 view ( ! matt]1 !re c at lea/ be no d\bt4 ,he says3-- 8,an au?oritative ,revision at ,antio* 444 0 itself subject$ to a second au?oritative ,revision c>ry+ out m completely ! purposes ( ! fir/40 8,at :at date betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & #cej ! fir/ process took place1 x is impossible to say ) confid5ce40 8,! f9al process 0 app>5tly complet$ by ,a4,d4 #cej or !reab\ts40--7p4 #acg47 8,! fundam5tal text ( late extant ,greek ,,mss4 g5]ally is beyond all "q id5tical ) ! dom9ant ,antio*ian or ,grco-,syrian text ( ! second half ( ! ,i,vth c5tury40--7p4 #ib47 ,be x s4 ,x foll[s t ! ,text exhibit$ by su* codices z ,b & 0 delib]ately condemn$ by ! assembl$ piety1 le>n+1 & judgm5t ( ! f\r great ,patri>*ates ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom4 ,at a p]iod :5 !re exi/$ no?+ m mod]n ?an ,codices ,b & 1--no?+ s mod]n z ,a & ,c1--all specim5s ( ! =m] class 7 reject$3 :ile su* codices z bore a g5]al resemblance to ,a 7 by common cons5t po9t$ out z des]v+ ( confid5ce & recomm5d$ = repeat$ ,transcription4 ,,xxvi4 ,pass fifte5 hundr$ ye>s1 & ! ,read] is invit$ to note att5tively :at has come to pass4 ,"t has made a clean sweep1 x may be1 ( e ,greek codex belong+ to ei!r ( ! two dates above indicat$4 ,e tradition belong+ to ! p]iod has also long s9ce utt]ly p]i%$4 ,:5 lo1 9 ,a4,d4 #ahca1 "u ! auspices ( ,dr4 ,la*mann1 8a new dep>ture0 is made4 ,up spr+s :at may be call$ ! new ,g]man s*ool ( ,textual ,criticism1--( :i* ! fundam5tal pr9ciple is a sup]/iti\s def]5ce to ! decrees ( cod4 ,b4 ,! h]esy prevails = fifty ye>s 7#ahca-ha7 & obta9s _m adh]5ts4 ,! practical result is1 t its *ief promot]s make x _! bus9ess to ?r[ discr$it on ! result ( ! two great ,antio*ian ,revisions already spok5 (6 ,! 7s-call$7 8,syrian ,text0--al?\gh assum$ by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort to be ! product ( ! comb9$ wisdom1 piety1 & le>n+ ( ! great ,patri>*ates ( ! ,ea/ f ,a4,d4 #bej to ,a4,d4 #cej2 8a #8,rec5sion' 9 ! prop] s5se ( ! ^w2 a "w ( attempt$ ,criticism1 p]=m$ delib]ately by ,editors & n m]ely by ,scribes0 7p4 #acc73--?is 8,syrian ,text10 ,doctors ,we/cott & ,hort d5\nce z 8%[+ no m>ks ( ei!r critical or spiritual insight30-- ,x 8pres5ts0 7say !y7 8! ,new ,te/am5t 9 a =m smoo? & attractive1 b appreciably impov]i%$ 9 s5se & =ce2 m fitt$ = cursory p]usal or recitation ?an = repeat$ & dilig5t /udy40--7p4 #ace47 ,,xxvii4 ,we are cont5t to leave ?is matt] to ! ,read]'s judgm5t4 ,= ourselves1 we make no secret ( ! grotesqu5ess ( ! contra/ ?us1 = ! second "t1 pres5t$ to ! imag9ation4 ,on t side1 by ! hypo!sis1 sit ! greate/ ,doctors ( primitive ,*ri/5dom1 assembl$ 9 solemn conclave4 ,e mo/ illu/ri\s "n is !re4 ,by +5i\sly draw+ a purely arbitr>y h>d-&-fa/ l9e at ! ye> ,a4,d4 #cej1 & s anticipat+ _m a 8floruit0 by some?+ betwe5 five & five-&-tw5ty ye>s1 ,dr4 ,hort's int5tion is pla93 b ! exp$i5t w n s]ve 8 turn4 ,q cont5t are we ) ! names secur$ to u )9 ! propos$ limits ( "t4 ,on t side !n1 we behold congregat$ *oice repres5tatives ( ! wisdom1 ! piety1 ! le>n+ ( ! ,ea/]n ,*ur*1 f ,a4,d4 #bej to ,a4,d4 #cej4--,on ?is side sits--,dr4 ,hort6 444 ,an int]val ( #aecb ye>s sep>ates ^! two p>ties4 ,,xxviii4 ,& fir/1--,h[ may ! =m] assemblage be suppos$ to h be5 occupy+ !mselves8 ,! object ) :i* ^? di/+ui%$ p]sonages came toge!r 0 ! l(tie/1 ! pure/1 ! holie/ imag9able3 viz4 to purge out f ! sacr$ ,text ! _m corruptions by :i*1 9 _! judgm5ts1 x _h become deprav$ dur+ ! #bej 7or at ! utmo/ #cjj7 ye>s :i* h elaps$ s9ce x fir/ came into exi/5ce2 to detect ! c\nt]feit & to elim9ate ! spuri\s4 ,n unaw>e by any means are !y ( ! c>elessness ( ,scribes1 nor yet ( ! corruptions :i* h be5 br\ght 9 ?r\gh ! (fici\sness ( critical 8,correctors0 ( ! ,text4 ,to :at has result$ f ! misdirect$ piety ( ! ,or?odox1 !y are e bit z fully alive z to :at has crept 9 ?r\gh ! malignity ( ,h]etical ,tea*]s4 ,moreov]1 :ile ! memory survives 9 all its fre%ness ( ! depravations :i* ! inspir$ ,text has exp]i5c$ f ^! & o!r simil> corrupt+ influ5ces1 ! means ab\nd & are at h& ( te/+ e suspect$ place ( ,scripture4 ,well1 & next1--,h[ h ^! holy m5 prosp]$ 9 _! holy ent]prise8 ,,xxix4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort1 by a /range fatality1--a mo/ unacc\ntable & truly disa/r\s proclivity to error1--^! illu/ri\s ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* h be5 at e in/ant sub/itut+ ! spuri\s = ! g5u9e1--a fabricat$ ,text 9 place ( ! ,evangelical ,v]ity4 ,mis]able m56 ,9 ! ,gospels alone !y h int]polat$ ab\t #cajj words3 h omitt$ ab\t #gjj3 h sub/itut$ ab\t #ajjj2 h transpos$ ab\t #bbjj3 h alt]$ 79 respect ( numb]1 case1 mood1 t5se1 p]son1 c47 ab\t #abjj47gbd7 ,?is done1 !y h amus$ !mselves ) ! give-&-take process ( mutual accommodation :i* we are taught to call 8,conflation30 9 pla9 t]ms1 !y h be5 manufactur+ ,scripture4 ,! ,text1 z x comes =? f _! h&s1-- 7a7 8,%ews no m>ks ( ei!r critical or spiritual insight30-- 7b7 8,pres5ts ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 a =m smoo? & attractive1 b appreciably impov]i%$ 9 s5se & =ce30-- 7c7 8,is m fitt$ = cursory p]usal or recitation1 ?an = repeat$ & dilig5t /udy40 ,moreov]1 ! mis*ief has prov$ infecti\s1--has spread4 ,9 ,syria also1 at ,edessa or ,nisibis1--7= x is z well to be circum/antial 9 su* matt]s17--! self-same iniquity is ab\t to be p]petrat$2 ( :i* ! ,pes*ito w be ! abid+ monum5t3 "o solit>y witness only to ! pure ,text be+ suff]$ to escape4 ,cureton's fragm5t>y ,syriac w alone rema9 to exhibit to mank9d ! outl9es ( primitive ,tru?4 7,! read] is rem9d$ ( ! "* already giv5 ( ! docum5t 9 "q at ! summit ( page #bgi4 ,its extravagance c only be fully appreciat$ by "o :o w be at ! pa9s to read x /eadily ?r\gh47 ,,xxx4 ,& pray1 7we ask17--,:o says all ?is8 ,:o is x :o gravely puts =? all ?is egregi\s nons5se8444 ,x is ,dr4 ,hort1 7we answ]17 at pp4 #acd-e ( ! volume n[ "u review4 ,9 fact1 accord+ to him1 ^? primitive ,fa!rs h be5 ! great falsifi]s ( ,scripture2 h prov$ ! wor/ enemies ( ! pure ,^w ( ,,god2 h %amefully betray$ _! sacr$ tru/2 h done ! diametrical rev]se ( :at 7by ! hypo!sis7 !y came toge!r = ! sole purpose ( do+4 ,!y h deprav$ & corrupt$ t sacr$ ,text :i* x 0 _! aim1 _! duty1 & _! pr(ess$ object to purge f its errors4 ,& 7by ! hypo!sis7 ,dr4 ,hort1 at ! end ( #aecb ye>s1--aid$ by codex ,b & 8 own self-evolv$ p[]s ( div9ation1--has f\nd !m out1 & n[ holds !m up to ! contempt & scorn ( ! ,briti% public4 ,,xxxi4 ,9 ! meantime ! illu/ri\s ,pr(essor invites u to believe t ! mi/ak5 textual judgm5t pron\nc$ at ,antio* 9 ,a4,d4 #cej _h an imm$iate effect on ! ,text ( ,scripture ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,we are reque/$ to suppose t x result$ 9 ! in/antane\s ext9ction ( codices ! l ( ,b 1 :]ev] f\nd2 & caus$ codices ( ! ,a type to spr+ up l mu%rooms 9 _! place1 & t1 9 e libr>y ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom4 ,we are fur!r requir$ to assume t ?is extraord9>y sub/itution ( new evid5ce = old--! false = ! true--fully expla9s :y ,ir5u & ,hippolytus1 ,a?anasius & ,didymus1 ,gregory ( ,nazianzus & ,gregory ( ,nyssa1 ,basil & ,ephraem1 ,epiphanius & ,*ryso/om1 ,!odore ( ,mopsue/ia & ,isidore ( ,pelusium1 ,nilus & ,nonnus1 ,proclus & ,sev]ianus1 ! two ,cyrils & ,!odoret--"o & all--%[ !mselves /rang]s to ! text ( ,b & 4444 ,we read & m>vel4 ,,xxxii4 ,=1 7x is "t to enquire17--,does n ! le>n$ ,pr(essor see t1 by ?us gett+ rid ( ! te/imony ( ! :ole body ( ! ,fa!rs1 he leaves ! ,sci5ce :i* he is s good z to patronize 9 a mo/ de/itute condition1--besides plac+ himself 9 a mo/ inconv5i5t /ate ( isolation8 ,if cle> & cons5ti5t ,patri/ic te/imony to ! ,text ( ,scripture is n to be deem$ =cible witness to its ,tru?1--:i!r %all a man betake himself = con/ra9+ ,evid5ce8 ,dr4 ,hort has already set aside ! ,traditional ,text z a ?+ ( no mann] ( importance4 ,! v5]able ,syriac ,v]sion he has also insi/$ on r$uc+ v ne>ly to ! level ( ! despis$ cursives4 ,z = ! copies ( ! old ,lat91 !y _h confess$ly become s untru/wor?y1 at ! "t ( :i* he speaks1 t a mode/ ,revision ( ! ,text !y embody1 7! 8,vulgate0 namely17 became at la/ a measure ( necessity4 ,:at rema9s to him !re=e8 ,c he s]i\sly suppose t ! _w w put up ) ! 8idiosyncrasy0 ( a liv+ ,doctor--8 8p]sonal in/9cts0 7p4 xi47--8 8p]sonal disc]nm5t0 7p4 #fe71--;8 8in/9ctive processes ( ,criticism0 7p4 #ff71--;8 8individual m9d10--9 pref]5ce to articulate voices com+ to u across ! gulf ( ,"t f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom8 ,h[--) ! fa9te/ *ance ( success--does ,dr4 ,hort propose to rem$y ! abs5ce ( ,ext]nal ,te/imony8 ,if mank9d c af=d to d )\t ei!r cons5t ( ,copies or ( ,fa!rs1 :y does mank9d any long] adh]e to ! anci5t me?ods ( pro(8 ,:y d ,critics ( e s*ool /ill accumulate ref]5ces to ,,mss41 explore ! anci5t ,v]sions1 & ransack ! ,patri/ic writ+s 9 se>* ( neglect$ citations ( ,scripture8 ,t ! anci5ts 7 indiff]5t ,textual ,critics1 is true en\gh4 ,! mis*ief done by ,orig5 9 ?is dep>tm5t1--?r\gh 8 fondness = a bran* ( ,le>n+ 9 :i* 8 rem>ks %[ t he 0 all unskill$1--is n to be told4 ,b !n1 ^! m5 liv$ )9 a v few hundr$ ye>s ( ! ,apo/les ( ! ,,"l ,,jesus ,,*ri/3 & :5 !y witness to ! read+ ( _! own copies1 _! te/imony on ! po9t1 to say ! lea/1 is wor?y ( our mo/ respectful att5tion4 ,dat$ codices1 9 fact are !y1 to all int5ts & purposes1 z (t5 z !y be> cle> witness to ! ,text ( ,scripture3--a fact1 7we take leave to ?r[ out ! rem>k 9 pass+17 :i* has n yet ne>ly attract$ ! degree ( att5tion :i* x des]ves4 ,,xxxiii4 ,= ourselves1 hav+ said s mu* on ?is subject1 x is fair t we %\ld add1--,we dev\tly wi% t ,dr4 ,hort's hypo!sis ( an au?oritative & delib]ate ,rec5sion ( ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t a*iev$ at ,antio* fir/1 ab\t ,a4,d4 #bej1 & next1 ab\t ,a4,d4 #cej1 7 inde$ an hi/orical fact4 ,we desire no firm] basis on :i* to re/ our confid5ce 9 ! ,traditional ,text ( ,scripture ?an ! delib]ate v]dict ( ,antiquity1--! asc]ta9$ sanction ( ! collective ,*ur*1 9 ! ,nic5e age4 ,! ,lat9 8,vulgate0 ,a4,d4 #che is ! "w ( a s+le man--,j]ome4 ,! ,syriac 8,vulgate0 ,a4,d4 #faf 0 also ! "w ( a s+le man--,?omas ( ,h>kel4 ,b ?is ,greek 8,vulgate0 0 7by ! hypo!sis7 ! product ( ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic1 ,a4,d4 #bej-;,a4,d4 #cej1 9 h] corporate capacity4 ,n only %\ld we hail su* a monum5t ( ! collective piety & le>n+ ( ! ,*ur* 9 h] be/ days ) unm+l$ rev]5ce & joy1 7 x introduc$ to our notice2 b we %\ld insi/ t no important deviation f su* a 8,textus ,receptus0 z t w\ld des]ve to be li/5$ to4 ,9 o!r words1 if ,dr4 ,hort's !ory ab\t ! orig9 ( ! ,textus ,receptus h any f\ndation at all 9 fact1 x is 8all up0 ) ,dr4 ,hort4 ,he is absolutely n[h]e4 ,he has mo/ +5i\sly plac$ himself on ! horns ( a fatal dilemma4 ,=1--7let x be c>efully not$17--! entire discussion becomes1 9 ?is way1 br\ght 7s to speak7 )9 ! compass ( a nut%ell4 ,to /ate ! case briefly1--,we are invit$ to make our election betwe5 ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 ,a4,d4 #bej & ,a4,d4 #cej1--;& ,dr4 ,hort1 ,a4,d4 #ahha4 ,! issue is really r$uc$ to t4 ,! g5]al "q ( ,,! ,,text ,,( ,,scripture be+ ! matt] at /ake2 7n any p>ticul> passage1 rememb]1 b ! ,text ( ,scripture z a :ole27--& ! conflict+ p>ties be+ b two2--,:i* are we to believe8 ! cons5ti5t ,voice ( ,antiquity1--or ! solit>y mod]n ,pr(essor8 ,%all we accept ! augu/ ,te/imony ( ! :ole body ( ! ,fa!rs8 or %all we pref] to be guid$ by ! self-evolv$ imag9ations ( "o :o confess$ly has no?+ to (f] b conjecture8 ,! "q be=e u is r$uc$ to t s+le issue4 ,b 9 fact ! alt]native admits ( be+ yet m concisely /at$4 ,we are invit$ to make our election betwe5 ,,fact &--,,fiction4444 ,all ?is1 ( c\rse1 on ! supposition t !re is any tru? at all 9 ,dr4 ,hort's 8,new ,textual ,!ory40 ,,xxxiv4 ,ap>t h[ev] f ! gross intr9sic improbability ( ! suppos$ ,rec5sion1--! utt] abs5ce ( "o p>ticle ( evid5ce1 traditional or o!rwise1 t x ev] did take place1 mu/ be held to be fatal to ! hypo!sis t x did4 ,x is simply incr$ible t an incid5t ( su* magnitude & int]e/ w\ld leave no trace ( itself 9 hi/ory4 ,z a conjecture--7& x only pr(esses to be a conjecture7--,dr4 ,hort's notion ( h[ ! ,text ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,i,i,ird1 ,i,vth1 & ,v? c5turies1--:i*1 z he truly rem>ks1 is 9 ! ma9 id5tical ) our own ,receiv$ ,text1--came into be+1 mu/ be unconditionally ab&on$4 ,9 ! words ( a le>n$ liv+ ,prelate1--8! supposition0 on :i* ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h /ak$ _! critical reputation1 8is a manife/ absurdity407#gbe7 ,,xxxv4 ,we h be5 s full on ! subject ( ?is imag9>y 8,antio*ian0 or 8,syrian text10 n 7! read] may be sure7 )\t suffici5t reason4 ,scant satisfaction truly is !re 9 scatt]+ to ! w9ds an airy tissue :i* its +5i\s au?ors h be5 indu/ri\sly weav+ = #cj ye>s4 ,b x is cle> t ) ?is hypo!sis ( a 8,syrian0 text1--! imm$iate s\rce & actual prototype ( ! commonly receiv$ ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t41--/&s or falls _! entire ,textual !ory4 ,reject x1 & ! entire fabric is obs]v$ to collapse1 & subside into a %apeless ru94 ,& ) x1 ( necessity1 goes ! 8,new ,greek ,text10--& !re=e ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion0 ( our ,revisioni/s1 :i* 9 ! ma9 has be5 f\nd$ on x4 ,,xxxvi4 ,9 ! meantime ! ph5om5a ^u :i* ?is phantom has be5 bas$1 rema9 un*ang$2 & fairly int]pret$1 w be f\nd to conduct u to ! diametrically opposite result to t :i* has be5 arriv$ at by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,) p]fect tru? has ! latt] rem>k$ on ! practical 8id5tity ( ! ,text1 m especially 9 ! ,gospels & ,paul9e ,epi/les1 9 all ! kn[n cursive ,,mss41 except a few0 7p4 #adc74 ,we fully admit ! tru? ( 8 /atem5t t-- 8,be=e ! close ( ! ,i,vth c5tury1 a ,greek ,text n mat]ially diff]+ f ! almo/ univ]sal ,text ( ! ,i,xth10--& :y n ( ! ,v,ith8 ( ! ,v,i,ith8 ( ! ,v,i,i,ith8 or aga9 ( ! ,x?8 ( ! ,x,ith8 ( ! ,x,i,ith8--8c5tury1 0 dom9ant at ,antio*40--7p4 #adb47 ,& :y n ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom8 ,:y ?is cont9ual m5tion ( 8,antio*0--?is p]petual introduction ( ! epi!t 8,syrian08 ,nei!r designation applies to ,ir5u or to ,hippolytus1--to ,a?anasius or to ,didymus1--to ,gregory ( ,nazianzus or to 8 namesake ( ,nyssa1--to ,basil or to ,epiphanius1--to ,nonnus or to ,mac>ius1--to ,proclus or to ,!odoras ,mops41--to ! e>li] or to ! lat] ,cyril4--,9 brief1 8,! fundam5tal text ( ! late extant ,greek ,,mss4 g5]ally is1 beyond all "q1 id5tical ) :at ,dr4 ,hort *ooses to call ! dom9ant ,antio*ian or ,grco-,syrian text ( ! second half ( ! ,i,vth c5tury4444 ,! ,antio*ian & o!r ,fa!rs1 & ! bulk ( extant ,,mss4 writt5 f ab\t ?ree or f\r1 to t5 or elev5 c5turies lat]1 mu/ h _h1 9 ! great] numb] ( extant v>iations1 a common orig9al ei!r contempor>y )1 or old] ?an1 our olde/ extant ,,mss40--7p4 #ib47 ,,xxxvii4 ,s f> !n1 happily1 we are entirely agre$4 ,! only "q is1--,h[ is ?is resemblance to be acc\nt$ =8 ,n1 we answ]1--n1 c]ta9ly1 by putt+ =w>d s viol5t & improbable--s irrational a conjecture z t1 fir/1 ab\t ,a4,d4 #bej1--;& !n aga9 ab\t ,a4,d4 #cej1--;an au?oritative /&>d ,text 0 fabricat$ at ,antio*2 ( :i* all o!r kn[n ,,mss4 7except a v little h&ful7 are no?+ else b transcripts3--b r1 by loyally recogniz+1 9 ! practical id5tity ( ! ,text exhibit$ by #ii out ( #ajj ( our extant ,,mss41 ! probable g5]al fidelity ( ^? _m transcripts to ! inspir$ exempl>s !mselves f :i* remotely !y are confess$ly desc5d$4 ,& surely1 if x be all[able to assume 7) ,dr4 ,hort7 t = #aecb ye>s1 7viz4 f ,a4,d4 #cej to ,a4,d4 #ahhb7 ! ,antio*ian /&>d has be5 fai?fully reta9$ & transmitt$1--x w be impossible to assign any valid reason :y ! inspir$ ,orig9al itself1 ! ,apo/olic /&>d1 %\ld n h be5 z fai?fully transmitt$ & reta9$ f ! ,apo/olic age to ! ,antio*ian17#gbf7--;i4e4 ?r\gh\t an int]val ( less ?an #bej ye>s1 or "o-six? ( ! p]iod4 ,,xxxviii4 ,"h1 x w obvi\sly occur to enquire1--,b :at has be5 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's motive = inv5t+ su* an improbable hypo!sis8 & :y is ,dr4 ,hort s /r5u\s 9 ma9ta9+ x8444 ,we reply by rem9d+ ! ,read] ( c]ta9 rem>ks :i* we made at ! outset47#gbg7 ,! ,traditional ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 is a ph5om5on :i* sorely ex]cises ,critics ( ! new s*ool4 ,to depreciate x1 is easy3 to d5y its critical au?ority1 is easi] /ill3 to ca/ ridicule on ! circum/ances "u :i* ,erasmus produc$ 8 fir/ 7v faulty7 edition ( x 7#aeaf71 is easie/ ( all4 ,b to ignore ! 8,traditional ,text10 is impossible4 ,equally impossible is x to ov]look its practical id5tity ) ! ,text ( ,*ryso/om1 :o liv$ & taught at ,antio* till ,a4,d4 #cih1 :5 he became ,abp4 ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,n[ ?is is a v awkw>d circum/ance1 & mu/ 9 "s way be got ov]2 = x transports u1 at a b\nd1 f ! /ifl+ atmosph]e ( ,basle & ,alcala1--f ,erasmus & ,/unica1 ,/eph5s & ,beza & ! ,elzevirs1--to ,antio* & ,con/ant9ople 9 ! latt] "p ( ! ,i,vth c5tury4 ,:at is to be done8 ,,xxxix4 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort assume t ?is 8,antio*ian text0--f\nd 9 ! lat] cursives & ! ,fa!rs ( ! latt] half ( ! ,i,vth c5tury--mu/ be an artificial1 an arbitr>ily inv5t$ /&>d2 a text fabricat$ betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & ,a4,d4 #cej4 ,& if !y may b be s =tunate z to p]suade ! _w to adopt _! hypo!sis1 !n all w be easy2 = !y w h r$uc$ ! suppos$ 8cons5t ( ,fa!rs0 to ! reproduction ( "o & ! same s+le 8prim>y docum5t>y witness307#gbh7--;& 8x is h>dly necess>y to po9t out ! total *ange 9 ! be>+ ( ! evid5ce by ! introduction ( ! factor ( ,g5ealogy0 7p4 #dc7 at ?is p>ticul> juncture4 ,upset ! hypo!sis on ! o!r h&1 & all is rev]s$ 9 a mom5t4 ,e atte/+ ,fa!r is p]ceiv$ to be a dat$ ,,ms4 & an indep5d5t au?ority2 & ! comb9$ evid5ce ( sev]al ( ^! becomes simply unmanageable4 ,9 l mann]1 8! approximate cons5t ( ! cursives0 7see ! foot-note71 is p]ceiv$ to be equival5t n to 8,a ,,prim>y ,,docum5t>y ,,witness10--n to 8,,"o ,,antio*ian ,,orig9al10--b to be tantam\nt to ! articulate spee* ( _m witnesses ( high "*1 com+ to u f e qu>t] ( primitive ,*ri/5dom4 ,,xl4 ,b--7! fur!r enquiry is sure to be made7--,9 fav\r ( :i* docum5t1 or set ( docum5ts1 h all ^! fanta/ic ef=ts be5 made to disp>age ! commonly receiv$ /&>ds ( excell5ce8 ,! ord9>y ,engli% ,read] may require to be rem9d$ t1 prior to ! ,i,vth c5tury1 our ,textual helps are few1 fragm5t>y1 &--to speak pla9ly--insuffici5t4 ,z = sacr$ ,codices ( t date1 we possess ,,n ,,"o4 ,( our two primitive ,v]sions1 8! ,syriac & ! old ,lat910 ! second is grossly corrupt2 ow+ 7says ,dr4 ,hort7 8to a p]il\s confusion betwe5 transcription & reproduction20 8! pres]vation ( a record & its suppos$ improvem5t0 7p4 #aba74 8,fur!r acqua9tance ) x only increases our di/ru/0 7ibid474 ,9 pla9] ,engli%1 8! e>lie/ read+s :i* c be fix$ *ronologically0 7p4 #abj7 belong to a ,v]sion :i* is lic5ti\s & corrupt to an incr$ible ext5t4 ,& ?\gh 8!re is no reason to d\bt t ! ,pes*ito or anci5t ,syriac is at lea/ z old z ! ,lat9 ,v]sion0 7p4 #hd71 yet 7accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort7 x is 8impossible0--7he is n[h]e s good z to expla9 to u :]e9 ?is suppos$ 8impossibility0 consi/s71--to reg>d 8! pres5t =m ( ! ,v]sion z a true repres5tation ( ! orig9al ,syriac text40 ,! date ( x 7accord+ to him7 may be z late z ,a4,d4 #cej4 ,anyh[1 we are assur$ 7b only by ,dr4 ,hort7 t important 8evid5ce = ! ,greek text is h>dly to be look$ = f ?is s\rce0 7p4 #he74--,! ,fa!rs ( ! ,i,i,ird c5tury :o h left beh9d !m consid]able rema9s 9 ,greek are b two1--,clem5s ,alex4 & ,orig53 & !re are consid]ations att5d+ ! citations ( ei!r1 :i* greatly detract f _! value4 ,,xli4 ,! "q !re=e recurs ) r$\bl$ emphasis1--,9 fav\r ( :i* docum5t1 or set ( docum5ts1 does ,dr4 ,hort disp>age ! m consid]able portion ( t e>ly evid5ce1--s mu* ( x1 namely1 z belongs to ! ,i,vth c5tury1--on :i* ! ,*ur* has be5 hi!rto accu/om$ confid5tly to rely8 ,he ass]ts t1-- 8,almo/ all ,greek ,fa!rs aft] ,eusebius h texts s deeply affect$ by mixture t0 !y 8_c at mo/ c\nt = m ?an s _m second>y ,greek uncial ,,mss41 inf]ior 9 mo/ cases to ! bett] sort ( second>y uncial ,,mss4 n[ exi/+40--7p4 #bjb47 ,& ?us1 at a /roke1 behold1 8almo/ all ,greek ,fa!rs aft] ,eusebius0--7:o di$ ,a4,d4 #cdj7--;are dispos$ (6 wa%$ ov]bo>d6 put clean out ( sight6 ,a?anasius & ,didymus--! #b ,basils & ! #b ,gregories--! #b ,cyrils & ! #b ,!odores--,epiphanius & ,mac>ius & ,ephraem--,*ryso/om & ,sev]ianus & ,proclus--,nilus & ,nonnus--,isidore ( ,pelusium & ,!odoret3 n to m5tion at lea/ z _m m :o h left scanty1 yet mo/ preci\s1 rema9s beh9d !m3--all ^! are pron\nc$ inf]ior 9 au?ority to z _m ,i,xth- or ,x?-c5tury copies6444 ,we comm5d1 9 pass+1 ! =ego+ dictum ( ^! accompli%$ ,editors to ! critical judgm5t ( all c&id & intellig5t ,read]s4 ,n z dat$ manuscripts1 !re=e1 at lea/ equal 9 ,antiquity to ! olde/ :i* we n[ possess3--n z ! au!ntic utt]ances ( fam\s ,doctors & ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 7in/ead ( be+ ! "w ( unkn[n & irresponsible ,scribes73--n z sure witnesses ( :at 0 acc\nt$ ,scripture 9 a kn[n region1 by a fam\s p]sonage1 at a well-asc]ta9$ p]iod1 7in/ead ( com+ to u1 z our codices univ]sally d1 )\t a hi/ory & )\t a "*73--9 no su* light are we h5ce=? to reg>d ,patri/ic citations ( ,scripture3--b only 8z s _m second>y ,,mss41 inf]ior to ! bett] sort ( second>y uncials n[ exi/+40 ,,xlii4 ,t ! ,te/imony ( ! ,fa!rs1 9 ! lump1 mu/ p]=ce 9 "s su* way ei!r be ignor$ or else fl\t$1 if ! ,text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort is to /&1--we 7 p]fectly well aw>e4 ,x is simply fatal to !m3 & !y "k x4 ,b we 7 h>dly prep>$ = su* a demon/ration z ?is4 ,let x all pass h[ev]4 ,! "q we propose is only ! foll[+1--,if ! ,text 8us$ by great ,antio*ian !ologians n long aft] ! middle ( ! ,i,vth c5tury0 7p4 #adf7 is undes]v+ ( our confid5ce3--if we are to believe t a sy/ematic depravation ( ,scripture 0 univ]sally go+ on till ab\t ! end ( ! ,i,i,ird c5tury2 & if at t "t1 an au?oritative & delib]ate rec5sion ( x--conduct$ on utt]ly errone\s pr9ciples--took place at ,antio*1 & result$ 9 ! vici\s 8traditional ,con/ant9opolitan0 7p4 #adc71 or 7z ,dr4 ,hort pref]s to call x7 ! 8eclectic ,syrian ,text30--,:at rema9s to u8 ,are we h5ce=? to rely on our own 8inn] consci\sness0 = illum9ation8 ,or is x s]i\sly expect$ t = ! re/oration ( ! inspir$ ,v]ity we %all be cont5t to surr5d] ourselves bl9dfold to ! ipse dixit ( an unkn[n & irresponsible n9ete5?-c5tury guide8 ,if nei!r ( ^! c\rses is expect$ ( u1 w ^! ,editors be s good z to give u ! names ( ! docum5ts on :i*1 9 _! judgm5t1 we may rely8 ,,xliii4 ,we are n suff]$ to rema9 long 9 a /ate ( susp5se4 ,! assurance awaits u 7at p4 #aej71 t ! ,vatican codex1 8,b--is f\nd to hold a unique position4 ,its text is ?r\gh\t ,pre-,syrian1 p]haps purely ,pre-,syrian4444 ,f di/9ctively ,we/]n read+s x seems to be all b entirely free4444 ,we h n be5 able to recognize z ,alex&rian any read+s ( ,b 9 any book ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4444 ,s t 444 nei!r ( ! e>ly /reams ( innovation has t\*$ x to any appreciable ext5t40--7p4 #aej47 8,! text ( ! ,s9aitic codex 770 also 8seems to be entirely1 or all b entirely1 ,pre-,syrian4 ,a v l>ge "p ( ! text is 9 l mann] free f ,we/]n or ,alex&rian elem5ts40--7p4 #aea47 8,e o!r kn[n ,greek manuscript has ei!r a mix$ or a ,syrian text40--7p4 #aea47 ,?us !n1 at la/1 at ! end ( exactly #aej we>y pages1 ! secret comes out6 ,! "o po9t :i* ! respect$ ,editors are f\nd to h be5 all along driv+ at3--! "o aim ( ^? _m hazy disquisitions ( !irs ab\t 8,intr9sic & ,transcriptional ,probability10--8,g5ealogical evid5ce1 simple & div]g5t10--& 8! /udy ( ,gr\ps30--! "o reason ( all _! vague t]m9ology1--& ( _! baseless !ory ( 8,conflation10--& _! disp>agem5t ( ! ,fa!rs3--! "o raison d'tre ( _! fiction ( a 8,syrian0 & a 8,pre-,syrian0 & a 8,neutral0 text3--! secret ( x all comes out at la/6 ,a delightful1 a truly ,newtonian simplicity *>act]izes ! f9al ann\ncem5t4 ,all is summ$ up 9 ! curt =mula--,codex ,b6 ,behold !n ! alt> at :i* ,copies1 ,fa!rs1 ,v]sions1 are all to be ru?lessly sacrific$3--! tribunal f :i* !re %all be absolutely no appeal3--! ,oracle :i* is to sil5ce e d\bt1 resolve e riddle1 smoo? away e difficulty4 ,all has be5 /at$1 :]e ! "n has be5 pron\nc$ (--codex ,b4 ,"o is rem9d$ ( an enegmatical epitaph on ! floor ( ! ,*apel ( ,s4 ,john's ,college1 8,v]bum non amplius--,fi%]06 ,to codex ,b all ! ,greek ,fa!rs aft] ,eusebius mu/ give way4 ,ev5 ,patri/ic evid5ce ( ! ante-,nic5e p]iod 8requires critical sift+0 7p4 #bjb71--mu/ be di/ru/$1 may be d5i$ 7pp4 #bjb-e71--;if x %all be f\nd to contradict ,cod4 ,b6 8,b v f> exce$s all o!r docum5ts 9 neutrality ( ,text40--7p4 #aga47 ,,xliv4 8,at a long int]val aft] ,b1 b h>dly a less int]val be=e all o!r ,,mss41 /&s 0 7p4 #aga74--,su* is ! sum ( ! matt]6444 ,a co>s]1--a clumsi]1--a m unsci5tific1--a m /upid exp$i5t = settl+ ! true ,text ( ,scripture 0 surely nev] inv5t$6 ,b = ! _m foggy1 or r unreadable disquisitions ) :i* ! ,introduction is encumb]$1 8,textual ,criticism made easy10 might well h be5 ! title ( ! little volume n[ "u ,review2 ( :i* at la/ x is discov]$ t ! g5]al ,infallibility ( ,codex ,b is ! fundam5tal pr9ciple4 ,let u h[ev] he> ^! le>n$ m5 out4 ,,xlv4 ,!y beg9 by (f]+ u a *apt] on ! 8,g5]al relations ( ,b & to o!r docum5ts30 :]e9 we are assur$ t1-- 8,two /rik+ facts successively come out ) especial cle>ness4 ,e gr\p conta9+ bo? & ,b1 is f\nd 444 to h an app>5tly m orig9al ,text ?an e oppos$ gr\p conta9+ nei!r2 & e gr\p conta9+ ,b 444 is f\nd 9 a l>ge prepond]ance ( cases 444 to h an app>5tly m orig9al ,text ?an e oppos$ gr\p conta9+ 40--7p4 #baj47 8,is f\nd06 b pray1--,by :om8 ,& 8app>5tly06 b pray1--,to :om8 & ,on :at gr\nds ( ,evid5ce8 ,= unless x be on c]ta9 gr\nds ( ,evid5ce1 h[ c x be pret5d$ t we h be=e u 8two /rik+ facts08 ,aga91 ) :at %[ ( reason c x possibly be ass]t$ t ^! 8two /rik+ facts0 8come out ) especial cle>ness08 s long z _! v exi/5ce rema9s 9 nubibus1--has nev] be5 e/abli%$1 & is 9 fact emphatically d5i$8 ,expressions l ! =ego+ !n only beg9 to be tol]able :5 x has be5 made pla9 t ! ,tea*] has "s solid f\ndation on :i* to build4 ,else1 he occasions no?+ b impati5ce & displeasure4 ,read]s at fir/ are simply annoy$ at be+ trifl$ )3 pres5tly !y gr[ re/ive3 at la/ !y become clamor\s = demon/ration1 & w accept ( no?+ less4 ,let u g on h[ev]4 ,we are /ill at p4 #baj3-- 8,we f\nd & ,b to /& alone 9 _! almo/ complete immunity f di/9ctive ,syriac read+s 444 & ,b to /& f> above 9 its app>5t fre$om f ei!r ,we/]n or ,alex&rian read+s40--7p4 #baj47 ,b pray1 g5tlem51--,:]e & :5 did 8we f9d0 ei!r ( ^! two ?+s8 ,we h 8f\nd0 no?+ ( ! sort hi!rto4 ,! ,review] is dispos$ to reproduce ! ,duke ( ,well+ton's c\rte\s reply to ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t1 :5 ! latt] claim$ ! arrangem5ts :i* result$ 9 ! victory ( ,wat]loo3--8,i h he>d y\r ,royal ,highness say s40444 ,at ! end ( a few pages1 8,hav+ f\nd ,b ! con/ant elem5t 9 gr\ps ( e size1 di/+ui%$ by int]nal excell5ce ( read+s1 we f\nd no less excell5ce 9 ! read+s 9 :i* !y concur )\t o!r atte/ations ( ,greek ,,mss41 or ev5 ( ,v]sions or ,fa!rs40--7p4 #bai47 ,:at6 aga98 ,:y1 we 8h f\nd0 no?+ z yet b ,reit]ation4 ,up to ?is po9t we h n be5 fav\r$ ) "o p>ticle ( ,evid5ce6444 ,9 ! meantime1 ! convictions ( ^! accompli%$ ,critics1--7b n1 un=tunately1 ^? ( _! ,read]s17--are obs]v$ to /r5g!n z !y proce$4 ,on rea*+ p4 #bbd1 we are assur$ t1 8,! indep5d5ce ( ,b & c be c>ri$ back s f>10--7n a h9t is giv5 h[17--8t _! concordant te/imony may be treat$ z equival5t to t ( a ,,ms4 old] ?an & ,b !mselves by at lea/ two c5turies1--probably by a g5]ation or two m40 ,h[ t 8indep5d5ce0 0 e/abli%$1 & h[ ?is 8probability0 has be5 arriv$ at1 we _c ev5 imag9e4 ,! po9t to be att5d$ to h[ev]1 is1 t by ! process indicat$1 "s su* e>ly epo* z ,a4,d4 #ajj has be5 rea*$4 ,s t n[ we are n surpris$ to he> t1 8,! respective ance/ries ( & ,b mu/ h div]g$ f a common p>5t extremely ne> ! ,apo/olic autographs40--7p4 #bbj4 ,see top ( p4 #bba47 ,or t1--8,! close approa* to ! "t ( ! autographs raises ! presumption ( purity to an unusual /r5g?40--7p4 #bbd47 ,& lo1 be=e we turn ! leaf1 ?is 8presumption0 is f\nd to h rip5$ into c]ta9ty3-- 8,?is g5]al immunity f sub/antive error 444 9 ! common orig9al ( ,b1 9 conjunction ) its v high antiquity1 provides 9 a multitude ( cases a safe crit]ion ( g5u95ess1 n to be di/ru/$ except on v cle> int]nal evid5ce4 ,accord+ly 444 x is our belief1 7#a7 ,t ,read+s ( ,b %\ld be accept$ z ! true ,read+s until /rong int]nal evid5ce is f\nd to ! contr>y2 & 7#b71 ,t no ,read+s ( ,b c be safely reject$ absolutely40--7p4 #bbe47 ,,xlvi4 ,& ?us1 by an unscrupul\s use ( ! process ( ,reit]ation1 accompani$ by a b\ndless ex]cise ( ! ,imag9ative faculty1 we h rea*$ ! goal to :i* all t w5t be=e has be5 /eadily t5d+3 viz4 ! absolute supremacy ( codices ,b & above all o!r codices1--&1 :5 !y diff]1 !n ( codex ,b4 ,& yet1 ! 8immunity f sub/antive error0 ( a lo/ ,codex ( imag9>y date & unkn[n hi/ory1 _c b be a pure imag9ation1--7a mi/ak5 "o1 z we %all pres5tly %[17--( ^! respect$ ,critics3 :ile _! propos$ practical inf]5ce f x1--7viz4 to reg>d two remote & confess$ly deprav$ ,copies ( t orig9al1 z 8a safe crit]ion ( g5u95ess107--?is1 at all ev5ts1 is ! rev]se ( logical4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! presum$ proximity ( ! ,text ( & ,b to ! ,apo/olic age is h5ce=? disc\rs$ ( z if x 7 no long] matt] ( conjecture3-- 8,! ance/ries ( bo? ,,mss4 hav+ />t$ f a common s\rce n mu* lat] ?an ! ,autographs10 c4--7p4 #bdg47 ,& aga93-- 8,ne> z ! div]g5ce ( ! respective ance/ries ( ,b & mu/ h be5 to ! ,autographs10 c4--7p4 #bgc47 ,until at la/1 we f9d x ann\nc$ z a 8moral c]ta9ty30-- 8,x is morally c]ta9 t ! ance/ries ( ,b & div]g$ f a po9t ne> ! ,autographs1 & nev] came into contact subsequ5tly40--7,text1 p4 #eef47 ,aft] :i*1 ( c\rse1 we h no "r to compla9 if we are assur$ t3-- 8,! fulle/ comp>ison does b increase ! conviction t _! pre-em95t relative purity is approximately absolute1--a true approximate reproduction ( ! ,text ( ! ,autographs0--7p4 #bif47 ,,xlvii4 ,b h[ does x happ5--7we mu/ ne$s repeat ! enquiry1 :i* h[ev] we make ) unfeign$ a/oni%m5t17--,h[ does x come to pass t a man ( practis$ intellect1 address+ p]sons z cultivat$ & p]haps z acute z himself1 c h&le a confess$ly obscure problem l ! pres5t aft] ?is /rangely incoh]5t1 ?is fooli% & :olly inconclusive fa%ion8 ,"o w\ld h suppos$ t ,dr4 ,hort's ma!matical tra9+ w\ld h made him an exact reason]4 ,b he writes z if he _h no idea at all ( ! nature ( demon/ration1 & ( ! process necess>y 9 ord] to c>ry conviction home to a ,read]'s m9d4 ,surely1 7"o tells oneself17 a m9imum ( 8pass0 ,logic w\ld h effectually protect$ s accompli%$ a g5tleman f mak+ su* a damag+ exhibition ( himself6 ,= surely he mu/ be aw>e t1 z yet1 he has produc$ n "o p>ticle ( evid5ce t 8 op9ion conc]n+ ,b & is well f\nd$4 ,& yet1 h[ c he possibly ov]look ! circum/ance t1 unless he is able to demon/rate t ^? two codices1 & especially ! =m] ( !m1 has 8pres]v$ n only a v anci5t ,text1 b a v pure l9e ( anci5t ,text0 also 7p4 #bea71 8 entire "w1 7inasmu* z x reposes on t "o assumption17 on be+ critically h&l$1 crumbles to its base2 or r melts into ?9 air be=e ! fir/ puff ( w9d8 ,he _c1 surely1 require tell+ t ^? :o look = ,demon/ration w refuse to put up ) ,rhetoric3--t1 ) no ?\ghtful p]son w ,ass]tion pass = ,argum5t3--nor m]e ,reit]ation1 h[ev] long p]sev]$ 91 ev] be mi/ak5 = accumulat$ ,pro(4 8,:5 ,i am tak+ a ride ) ,r\s]10--7quietly rem>k$ ,pr(essor ,saville to ,bodley ,coxe17--8,i obs]ve t1 if ,i ev] demur to any ( 8 views1 ,r\s]'s practice always is1 to repeat ! same ?+ ov] aga9 9 ! same words1--only 9 a l\d] tone ( voice0 444 ,! delicate rhetorical device ?us indicat$ proves to be n peculi> to ,pr(essors ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d2 b to be famili>ly recogniz$ z an in/rum5t ( conviction by ! le>n$ m5 :o dwell on ! banks ( ! ,cam4 ,to be s]i\s h[ev]4--,dr4 ,hort has evid5tly fail$ to see t no?+ %ort ( a c>eful induction ( p>ticul> in/ances1--a sy/em ( labori\s footnotes1 or an 8,app5dix0 bri/l+ ) impregnable facts1--c\ld su/a9 ! port5t\s weight ( 8 fundam5tal position1 viz4 t ,codex ,b is s exceptionally pure a docum5t z to des]ve to be tak5 z a *ief guide 9 det]m9+ ! ,tru? ( ,scripture4 ,x is relat$ ( ! illu/ri\s ar*itect1 ,sir ,gilb]t ,scott1--:5 he _h to rebuild ! massive c5tral t[] ( a s\!rn ,ca!dral1 & to re> up !reon a l(ty spire ( /one1--t he made prep>ations = ! "w :i* a/oni%$ ! ,dean & ,*apt] ( ! day4 ,he caus$ ! entire area to be excavat$ to :at seem$ a mo/ unnecess>y dep?1 & proce$$ to lay a b$ ( concrete ( fabul\s solidity4 ,! 8wise ma/]-build]0 0 det]m9$ t 8 "w %\ld la/ = ev]4 ,n s ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,!y are ei!r tr\bl$ ) no simil> anxieties1 or else too cle>-sight$ to *]i% any simil> hope4 ,!y are evid5tly ( op9ion t a cl\d or a quagmire w s]ve _! turn e bit z well z granite or ,portl&-/one4 ,dr4 ,hort 7z we h se5 already1 namely 9 p4 #beb17 consid]s t 8 individual 8,,/rong ,,pref]5ce0 ( "o set ( ,read+s above ano!r1 is suffici5t to det]m9e :e!r ! ,manuscript :i* conta9s ^? ,read+s is pure or ! contr>y4 8,=midable arrays ( ho/ile ,docum5t>y evid5ce10 he disreg>ds & sets at defiance1 :5 once 8 own 8fulle/ consid]ation ( ,int]nal ,evid5ce0 has 8pron\nc$ c]ta9 ,read+s to be "r0 p4 #fa4 ,! only indication we any:]e meet ) ( ! actual gr\nd ( ,dr4 ,hort's c]ta9ty1 & reason ( 8 pref]5ce1 is conta9$ 9 8 claim t1-- 8,e b9>y gr\p ( ,,mss4 conta9+ ,b is f\nd to (f] a l>ge proportion ( ,read+s1 :i*1 on ! close/ scrut9y1 h ,,! ,,r+ ,,( ,,g5u95ess3 :ile x is difficult to f9d any ,read+s s atte/$ :i* ,,look ,,suspici\s aft] full consid]ation40--7p4 #bbg4 ,also vol4 i4 #eeg--:]e ! dictum is repeat$47 ,,xlviii4 ,& ?us we h1 at la/1 an hone/ confession ( ! ultimate pr9ciple :i* has det]m9$ ! ,text ( ! pres5t edition ( ! ,n4 ,t4 8,! r+ ( g5u95ess06 ,?is x mu/ be :i* 0 ref]r$ to :5 8in/9ctive processes ( ,criticism0 7 vaunt$2 & ! c&id av[al made t 8! exp]i5ce :i* is _! f\ndation ne$s p]petual correction & recorrection407#gbi7 8,we are oblig$0 7say ^! accompli%$ writ]s7 8to come to ! individual m9d at la/407#gcj7 ,& ?us1 behold1 8at la/0 we h rea*$ ! goal6444 ,individual idiosyncrasy1--n ext]nal ,evid5ce3--,read+s 8/rongly pref]r$10--n ,read+s /rongly atte/$3--8p]sonal disc]nm5t0 7self6 /ill self67 consci5ti\sly ex]cis+ itself ^u ,codex ,b2--?is is a true acc\nt ( ! ,critical me?od pursu$ by ^! accompli%$ ,s*ol>s4 ,!y delib]ately claim 8p]sonal disc]nm5t0 z 8! sure/ gr\nd = confid5ce407#gca7 ,accord+ly1 !y judge ( ,read+s by _! looks & by _! s\nd4 ,:51 9 _! op9ion1 words 8look suspici\s10 words are to be reject$4 ,if a ^w has 8! r+ ( g5u95ess10--7i4e4 if x seems to !m to h x17--!y claim t ! ^w %all pass un*all5g$4 ,,xlix4 ,b x mu/ be obvi\s t su* a me?od is :olly inadmissible4 ,x practically disp5ses ) ,critical aids altoge!r2 sub/itut+ individual caprice = ext]nal guidance4 ,x c lead to no tangible result3 = ,read+s :i* 8look suspici\s0 to "o exp]t1 may easily n 8look0 s to ano!r4 ,a man's 8inn] consci\sness0 _c possibly furni% tru/wor?y guidance 9 ?is subject matt]4 ,ju/ly does ,bp4 ,ellicott ridicule 8! easy me?od ( 444 us+ a fav\rite ,manuscript10 comb9$ ) 8"s suppos$ p[] ( div9+ ! ,orig9al ,text207#gcb7--unconsci\s app>5tly t he is !reby aim+ a cruel bl[ at c]ta9 ( 8 fri5ds4 ,z = ! propos$ te/ ( ,tru?1--7! enquiry1 namely1 :e!r or no a read+ has 8! r+ ( g5u95ess07--x is f\nd$ on a transp>5t mi/ake4 ,! co>se op]ation allud$ to may be describ$ z a 8r\gh & ready0 exp$i5t practis$ by receiv]s ( money 9 ! way ( self-def5ce1 & only = _! own protection1 le/ base metal %\ld be palm$ (f ^u !m unaw>es4 ,b ,dr4 ,hort is propos+ an analog\s te/ = ! exclusive satisfaction ( him :o utt]s ! suspect$ article4 ,we !re=e disall[ ! proposal entirely3 n1 ( c\rse1 because we suppose t s excell5t & hon\rable a man z ,dr4 ,hort w\ld attempt to pass (f z g5u9e :at he suspects to be fabricat$2 b because we are fully conv9c$--7= reasons 8pl5ty z blackb]ries07--t ?r\gh "s natural defect1 or con/itutional inaptitude1 he is n a compet5t judge4 ,! man :o f9ds 8no m>ks ( ei!r ,critical or ,spiritual insight0 7p4 #ace7 9 ! only ,greek ,text :i* 0 kn[n to s*ol>s till ,a4,d4 #ahca1--7;al?\gh he confesses t 8! text ( ,*ryso/om & o!r ,syrian ,fa!rs ( ! ,i,vth c5tury is sub/antially id5tical ) x07#gcc772 & vaunts 9 pref]5ce 8! bold vig\r0 & 8ref9$ s*ol>%ip0 :i* is exclusively met ) 9 c]ta9 deprav$ uncials ( ! same or lat] date3--! man :o ?9ks x n unlikely t ! incid5t ( ! pi]c+ ( our ,,savi\r',s side 7 4447 0 actually f\nd 9 ! g5u9e ,text ( ,s4 ,matt4 xxvii4 #di1 z well z 9 ,s4 ,john xix4 #cd37gcd7--! man :o is ( op9ion t ! incid5t ( ! ,woman tak5 9 ,adult]y 7fill+ #ab v]ses71 8pres5ts s]i\s diff]5ces f ! diction ( ,s4 ,john's ,gospel10--treats x z 8an ins]tion 9 a comp>atively late ,we/]n text07#gce7 & decl9es to reta9 x ev5 )9 brackets1 on ! gr\nd t x 8w\ld fatally int]rupt0 ! c\rse ( ! n>rative if suff]$ to /&3--! man :o c delib]ately sep>ate (f f ! end ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 & pr9t sep>ately1 ,s4 ,m>k's la/ #ab v]ses1 7on ! plea t !y 8manife/ly _c claim any apo/olic au?ority2 b are d\btless f\nd$ on "s tradition ( ! ,apo/olic age207#gcf77--yet :o /raightway proce$s to annex1 z an alt]native ,conclusion 771 8! wret*$ supplem5t d]iv$ f codex ,l307#gcg7--! man 7la/ly7 :o1 9 defiance ( 8solid reason & pure ta/e10 f9ds music 9 ! 8utt]ly m>r$0 8rhy?mical arrangem5t0 ( ! ,angels' ,hymn on ! night ( ! ,nativity37#gch7--su* an "o is n entitl$ to a he>+ :5 he talks ab\t 8! r+ ( g5u95ess40 ,he has already effectually put himself out ( ,c\rt4 ,he has convict$ himself ( a natural infirmity ( judgm5t1--has giv5 pro( t he lab\rs "u a peculi> ,critical inaptitude = ?is dep>tm5t ( enquiry1--:i* r5d]s 8 decrees nugatory1 & 8 op9ions wor?less4 ,l4 ,b ap>t f all ?is1 ! ,read]'s att5tion is invit$ to a little circum/ance :i* ,dr4 ,hort has unacc\ntably ov]look$3 b :i*1 ! in/ant x has be5 /at$1 is obs]v$ to cause 8 picturesque !ory to melt away--l a sn[-wrea? 9 ! sun%9e4 ,on reflexion1 x w be p]ceiv$ t ! mo/ signal de=mities ( codices ,b ,d ,l are in/ances ( ,omission4 ,9 ! ,gospels alone1 ,b omits #bhgg words4 ,h[1--7we beg to enquire17--,h[ w y apply y\r propos$ te/ to a ,non-entity8 ,h[ w y asc]ta9 :e!r some?+ :i* does n exi/ 9 ! ,text has 8! r+ ( g5u95ess0 or n8 ,!re c be no 8r+ ( g5u95ess10 cle>ly1 :]e !re is no?+ to r+ )6 ,w any "o pret5d t ! omission ( ! incid5t ( ! tr\bl+ ( ! pool has 9 x any 8r+ ( g5u95ess08--or d>e to ass]t t 8! r+ ( g5u95ess0 is imp>t$ to ! hi/ory ( our ,,savi\r',s ,passion1 by ! omission ( ,8 ,agony 9 ! ,g>d58--or t ! n>rative ( ,8 ,crucifixion becomes m musical1 :5 our ,"l's ,pray] = ,8 murd]]s has be5 omitt$8--or t 78= !y 7 afraid071 has 8! r+ ( g5u95ess0 z ! conclusion ( ! la/ *apt] ( ! ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,m>k8 ,b ! /range/ circum/ance is beh9d4 ,x is notori\s t1 on ! contr>y1 ,dr4 ,hort is frequ5tly con/ra9$ to admit t ! omitt$ words actually h 8! r+ ( g5u95ess40 ,! words :i* he insi/s on ?ru/+ out ( ! ,text are (t5 conspicu\s = ! v quality :i* 7by ! hypo!sis7 0 ! w>rant = _! exclusion4 ,( ?is1 ! ,read] may conv9ce himself by ref]r+ to ! note at foot ( ! pres5t page47#gci7 ,9 ! meantime1 ! matt] disc\rs$ ( may be conv5i5tly illu/rat$ by a %ort apologue3-- ,some:]e 9 ! f5s ( ,ely diocese1 /ood a crazy old *ur* 7d$icat$ to ,s4 ,bee1 ( c\rse17 ! bells ( :i*--accord+ to a le>n$ ,cambridge ,doctor--7 ! mo/ musical 9 ! _w4 8,i h li/5$ to ^? bells10 7he 0 accu/om$ to say17 8= #cj ye>s4 ,all o!r bells are crack$1 h>%1 out ( tune4 ,comm5d me1 = music1 to ! bells ( ,s4 ,bee's6 ,!y alone h ! r+ ( g5u95ess40 444 ,accord+ly1 he publi%$ a treatise on ,campanology1 f\nd+ 8 !ory on ! musical prop]ties ( ! bells ( ,s4 ,bee's4--,at ?is juncture1 provok+ly en\gh1 "s "o direct$ att5tion to ! s+ul> fact t ,s4 ,bee's is "o ( ! few *ur*es 9 t di/rict )\t bells3 a discov]y :i*1 x is ne$less to add1 press$ inconv5i5tly on ! le>n$ ,doctor's !ory4 ,,li4 ,b en\gh ( ?is4 ,we really h at la/1 7be x obs]v$17 rea*$ ! end ( our enquiry4 ,no?+ comes aft] ,dr4 ,hort's extravagant & unsupport$ e/imate ( ,codices ,b & 4 ,on ! contr>y4 ,^? two docum5ts are caus$ to ca/ _! sombre %ad[s a long way ahead1 & to d>k5 all our future4 ,dr4 ,hort takes leave ( ! subject ) ! ann\ncem5t t1 :atev] unc]ta9ty may atta* to ! evid5ce = p>ticul> read+s1 8,! g5]al c\rse ( future ,criticism mu/ be %ap$ by ! happy circum/ance t ! f\r? c5tury has bequea!d to u two ,,mss4 ,b & 1 ( :i* ev5 ! less incorrupt mu/ h be5 ( exceptional purity among its contempor>ies3 & :i* rise into great] pre-em95ce ( "* ! bett] ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! ,text becomes kn[n40--7p4 #bhg47 ,9 o!r words1 our guide assures u t 9 a dutiful submission to codices ,b & 1--7:i*1 he navely rem>ks1 8happ5 likewise to be ! olde/ extant ,greek ,,mss4 ( ! ,new ,te/am5t0 p4 #bab17--lies all our hope ( future progress4 7,j z if we %\ld ev] h he>d ( ^! two codices1 _h _! cont5ts come d[n to u writt5 9 ! ord9>y cursive "*1--9 a dat$ ,,ms4 7suppose7 ( ! ,x,vth c5tury67444 ,moreov]1 ,dr4 ,hort 8mu/ n hesitate to express0 8 own robu/ conviction1 8,t no tru/wor?y improvem5t c be effect$1 except 9 accordance ) ! lead+ ,pr9ciples ( me?od :i* we h endeav\r$ to expla940--7p4 #bhe47 ,,lii4 ,& ?is is ! end ( ! matt]4 ,behold our fate !re=e3--7#a7 ,codices ,b & 1 )--7#b7 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,introduction & ,notes on ,select ,read+s 9 v9dication ( _! cont5ts6 ,x is propos$ to %ut u up )9 ^? limits6444 ,an uneasy suspicion h[ev] secretly sugge/s itself t p]haps1 z ! ye>s roll out1 some?+ may come to light :i* w effectually dispel e dream ( ! new ,s*ool1 & r$uce ev5 prejudice itself to sil5ce4 ,s ,dr4 ,hort ha/5s to fr[n x d[n3-- 8,x w\ld be an illusion to anticipate important *anges ( ,text i4e4 ( ! ,text advocat$ by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort f any acquisition ( new ,evid5ce40--7p4 #bhe47 ,& yet1 :y ! anticipation ( important help f ! acquisition ( fre% docum5t>y ,evid5ce 8w\ld be an illusion10--does n appe>4 ,t ! recov]y ( c]ta9 ( ! exegetical works ( ,orig51--bett] /ill1 ( ,tatian's ,diatess>on1--be/ ( all1 ( a c\ple ( ,,mss4 ( ! date ( ,codices ,b & 2 b n1 7l ^? two corrupt docum5ts7 d]iv$ f "o & ! same deprav$ ar*etype2--,t any su* w9dfall1 7& x w come1 "s ( ^! days17 w\ld infallibly di/urb ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's equanimity1 z well z scatt] to ! w9ds n a few ( _! mo/ confid5t conclusions1--we are well aw>e4 ,s inde$ are !y4 ,h5ce1 :at ^? ,critics e>ne/ly deprecate1 we z e>ne/ly desire4 ,we are !re=e by no means incl9$ to admit1 t 8,great] possibilities ( improvem5t lie 9 a m exact /udy ( ! relations betwe5 ! docum5ts t we already possess20--7,ibid47 kn[+ well t 8! docum5ts0 ref]r$ to are *iefly1 7if n solely17 ,codices ,b & 3 kn[+ also1 t x is fur!r meant1 t 9 e/imat+ o!r evid5ce1 ( :atev] k9d1 ! only ?+ to be enquir$ aft] is :e!r or no ! atte/+ docum5t is g5]ally 9 agreem5t ) codex ,b4 ,=1 accord+ to ^! writ]s1--tide :at tide1--codex ,b is to be ! /&>d3 itself n absolutely requir+ confirmation f any extrane\s qu>t]4 ,dr4 ,hort ass]ts1 7b x is1 z usual1 m]e ass]tion17 t1 8,ev5 :5 ,b /&s q alone1 its read+s mu/ nev] be lightly reject$40--7p4 #eeg47 ,& yet1--,:y a read+ f\nd only 9 codex ,b %\ld exp]i5ce great] indulg5ce ?an ano!r read+ f\nd only 9 codex ,a1 we entirely fail to see4 ,on ! o!r h&1 8an unique crit]ion is suppli$ by ! concord ( ! indep5d5t atte/ation ( ,b & 40--7,notes1 p4 #df47 ,b pray1 h[ does t appe>8 ,s9ce ,b & are d]iv$ f "o & ! same orig9al--,:y %\ld n 8! concord0 spok5 ( be r 8an unique crit]ion0 ( ! utt] depravity ( ! ar*etype8 ,,liii4 ,to conclude4 ,we h already li/5$ to ,dr4 ,hort long en\gh4 ,& n[1 s9ce confess$ly1 a *a9 is no /rong] ?an x is at its weake/ l9k2 nor an edifice m secure ?an ! basis :]eon x /&s2--we mu/ be all[$ to po9t out t we h be5 deal+ ?r\gh\t ) a dream1 pure & simple2 f :i* x is high "t t we %\ld wake up1 n[ t we h be5 pla9ly %[n on :at an unsub/antial f\ndation ^! ,editors h be5 all along build+4 ,a *ild's h\se1 sev]al /ories high1 con/ruct$ out ( play+-c>ds1--is no unapt image ( ! frail erection be=e u4 ,we began by c>efully lift+ (f ! topmo/ /ory2 & !n1 ! next3 b we might z well h sav$ ourselves ! tr\ble4 ,! basem5t-/ory has to be remov$ bodily1 :i* mu/ br+ ! :ole edifice d[n ) a ru%4 ,9 reply to ! fanta/ic tissue ( unprov$ ass]tions :i* g be=e1 we ass]t z foll[s3-- 7#a7 ,! impurity ( ! ,texts exhibit$ by ,codices ,b & is n a matt] ( op9ion1 b a matt] ( fact47#gdj7 ,^! are two ( ! lea/ tru/wor?y docum5ts 9 exi/5ce4 ,s f> f all[+ ,dr4 ,hort's position t--8,a ,text =m$0 by 8tak+ ,codex ,b z ! sole au?ority10 8w\ld be incomp>ably ne>] ! ,tru? ?an a ,text simil>ly tak5 f any o!r ,greek or o!r s+le docum5t0 7p4 #bea71--we v5ture to ass]t t x w\ld be1 on ! contr>y1 by f> ! f\le/ ,text t _h ev] se5 ! light3 worse1 t is to say1 ev5 ?an ! ,text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,& t is say+ a great deal4 ,9 ! brave & fai?ful words ( ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] 7,introduction1 p4 #dec71--words :i* des]ve to become fam\s1-- 8,x is no less true to fact ?an p>adoxical 9 s\nd1 t ! wor/ corruptions to :i* ! ,new ,te/am5t has ev] be5 subject$1 orig9at$ )9 a hundr$ ye>s aft] x 0 compos$3 t ,ir5u ,a4,d4 #aej1 & ! ,african ,fa!rs1 & ! :ole ,we/]n1 ) a portion ( ! ,syrian ,*ur*1 us$ f> inf]ior manuscripts to ^? employ$ by ,/unica1 or ,erasmus1 or ,/eph5s ?irte5 c5turies lat]1 :5 m\ld+ ! ,textus ,receptus40 ,& ,codices ,b & are1 demon/rably1 no?+ else b specim5s ( ! deprav$ class ?us *>act]iz$4 ,next--7#b71 ,we ass]t t1 s manife/ are ! disfigurem5ts jo9tly & exclusively exhibit$ by codices ,b & 17#gda7 t in/ead ( accept+ ^! codices z two 8indep5d5t0 ,witnesses to ! inspir$ ,orig9al1 we are con/ra9$ to reg>d !m z little m ?an a s+le reproduction ( "o & ! same sc&al\sly corrupt & 7comp>atively7 late ,copy4 ,by consequ5ce1 we consid] _! jo9t & exclusive atte/ation ( any p>ticul> read+1 8an unique crit]ion0 ( its wor?lessness2 a suffici5t reason--n = adopt+1 b--= unc]emoni\sly reject+ x4 ,!n--7#c71 ,z = ! orig9 ( ^! two curiosities1 x c p]=ce only be div9$ f _! cont5ts4 ,t !y exhibit fabricat$ ,texts is demon/rable4 ,no am\nt ( hone/ copy+1--p]sev]$ 9 = any numb] ( c5turies1--c\ld by possibility h result$ 9 two su* docum5ts4 ,sep>at$ f "o ano!r 9 actual date by #ej1 p]haps by #ajj ye>s17#gdb7 !y mu/ ne$s h bran*$ (f f a common corrupt ance/or1 & /raightway become expos$ cont9u\sly to fre% deprav+ influ5ces4 ,! result is1 t codex 1 7:i* evid5tly has gone ?r\gh m adv5tures & fall5 into worse company ?an 8 rival17 has be5 corrupt$ to a f> grav] ext5t ?an codex ,b1 & is ev5 m untru/wor?y4 ,?us1 :]eas 79 ! ,gospels alone7 ,b has #ehi ,read+s q peculi> to itself1 affect+ #heh words1-- has #adfj su* ,read+s1 affect+ #bfdj words4 ,"o solid fact l ! prec$+1 7let x be po9t$ out 9 pass+17 is m helpful by f> to "o :o w\ld =m a correct e/imate ( ! value ( a ,codex1 ?an any numb] ( su* 8reckless & unv]ifi$ ass]tions10 n to say p]emptory & baseless decrees1 z ab\nd 9 ! highly imag9ative pages ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 7#d7 ,la/ly1--,we suspect t ^! two ,manuscripts are indebt$ = _! pres]vation1 solely to _! asc]ta9$ evil "*2 :i* has occasion$ t ! "o ev5tually f\nd its way1 f\r c5turies ago1 to a =gott5 %elf 9 ! ,vatican libr>y3 :ile ! o!r1 aft] ex]cis+ ! +5uity ( sev]al g5]ations ( critical ,correctors1 ev5tually 7viz4 9 ,a4,d4 #ahdd7gdc77 got deposit$ 9 ! wa/e-pap] basket ( ! ,conv5t at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,s9ai4 ,_h ,b & be5 copies ( av]age purity1 !y mu/ long s9ce h %>$ ! inevitable fate ( books :i* are freely us$ & highly priz$2 namely1 !y w\ld h fall5 into decad5ce & disappe>$ f sight4 ,b 9 ! meantime1 behold1 _! v ,antiquity has come to be reckon$ to _! advantage2 & 7/range to relate7 is ev5 consid]$ to con/itute a suffici5t reason :y !y %\ld enjoy n m]ely extraord9>y consid]ation1 b ! actual surr5d] ( ! critical judgm5t4 ,s9ce #ahca1 ,editors h vi$ ) "o ano!r 9 ! fulsom5ess ( ! homage !y h paid to ^! 8two false ,witnesses10--= su* ,b & are1 z ! concurr5t te/imony ( ,copies1 ,fa!rs & ,v]sions abundantly proves4 ,ev5 sup]/iti\s rev]5ce has be5 claim$ = ^! two codices3 & ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort are s f> 9 advance ( _! pr$ecessors 9 ! s]vility ( _! bl9d adulation1 t !y mu/ be all[$ to h easily won ! race4 ,,liv4 ,) ?is1--s f> z ! ,greek ,text "u review is conc]n$1--we might1 7 we s m9d$1 reasonably make an end4 ,we und]took to %[ t ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 9 ! volumes be=e u1 h built up an utt]ly wor?less ,textual fabric2 & we consid] t we h already suffici5tly %[n x4 ,! ,!ory1--! ,hypo!sis r1 on :i* _! ,text is f\nd$1 we h demon/rat$ to be simply absurd4 ,remove t hypo!sis1 & a heap ( unsightly ru9s is all t is left beh9d1--except inde$ a/oni%m5t 7n unm+l$ ) conc]n7 at ! simplicity ( its accompli%$ ,au?ors4 ,"h !n1 we might leave (f4 ,b we are unwill+ s to leave ! matt]4 ,l>ge consid]ation is due to ord9>y ,engli% ,read]s2 :o mu/ p]=ce look on ) utt] p]plexity--n to say di/ress--at ! /range spectacle pres5t$ by t ,text 7:i* is 9 ! ma9 ! ,text ( ! ,revis$ ,engli% ,v]sion7 on ! "o h&1--& ?is ,review ( x1 on ! o!r3-- 7#a7 8,& pray1 :i* ( y am ,i to believe80--w inevitably be1 9 homely ,engli%1 ! exclamation ) :i* n a few w lay d[n ! pres5t numb] ( ! 8,qu>t]ly40 8,i pret5d to no le>n+4 ,i am n prep>$ to argue ! "q ) y4 ,b surely1 ! olde/ ,manuscript mu/ be ! pure/6 ,x ev5 /&s to reason3 does x n8--,!n fur!r1 ,i admit t y seem to h ! be/ ( ! argum5t s f>2 yet1 s9ce ! ?ree mo/ fam\s ,editors ( mod]n times are aga9/ y1--,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 ,tis*5dorf1--excuse me if ,i suspect t y mu/ be 9 ! wrong1 aft] all40 ,,lv4 ,) unfeign$ humility1 ! ,review] ,q4 ,r4 proce$s to expla9 ! matt] to 8 suppos$ ,objector ,s4 ,o41 9 briefe/ outl9e1 z foll[s3-- ,q4 ,r4 8,y are p]fectly "r4 ,! olde/ ,manuscript mu/ exhibit ! pure/ text3 mu/ be ! mo/ tru/wor?y4 ,b !n1 un=tunately1 x happ5s t we d n possess x4 #8,! olde/ ,manuscript' is lo/4 ,y speak1 ( c\rse1 ( ! inspir$ ,autographs4 ,^!1 ,i say1 h long s9ce disappe>$40 7#b7 ,s4 ,o4 8,no1 ,i meant to say t ! olde/ ,manuscript we possess1 if x be b a v anci5t "o1 mu/ ne$s be ! pure/40 ,q4 ,r4 8,o1 b t is an entirely diff]5t proposition4 ,well1 ap>t f exp]i5ce1 ! probability t ! olde/ copy extant w prove ! pure/ is1 if y please1 consid]able4 ,reflection w conv9ce y h[ev] t x is b a probability1 at ! utmo/3 a probability bas$ ^u m ?an "o false assumption1--) :i* nev]!less y %all n be tr\bl$4 ,b 9 fact x cle>ly does n by any means foll[ t1 because a ,,ms4 is v anci5t1 !re=e ! ,text1 :i* x exhibits w be v pure4 ,t y may be ?or\ghly conv9c$ ( ?is1--7& x is really impossible = y\r m9d to be too effectually disabus$ ( a prepossession :i* has fatally misl$ s _m17--y are invit$ to enquire = a rec5t contribution to ! le>n$ ,fr5* publication indicat$ at ! foot ( ?is page17#gdd7 9 :i* is exhibit$ a fac-simile ( #h l9es ( ! ,m$ea ( ,euripides 7v]4 #e-ab71 writt5 ab\t ,b4,c4 #bjj 9 small uncials 7at ,alex&ria probably17 on papyrus4 ,collat$ ) any pr9t$ copy1 ! v]ses1 y w f9d1 h be5 p5n$ ) sc&al\s1 ) incr$ible inaccuracy4 ,b on ?is head let ! le>n$ ,editor ( ! docum5t 9 "q be li/5$ to1 r ?an ! pres5t ,review]3-- 8,on voit que le texte du papyrus e/ hriss des fautes les plus graves4 ,le plus rc5t et le plus mauvais de nos manuscrits d',euripide vaut inf9im5t mieux que cette copie1--faite1 il y a deux mille ans1 dans le pays o florissai5t l'rudition hellnique et la ,critique des textes407#gde7--7p4 #ag47 8,:y1 ! au?or ( ! =ego+ rem>ks might h be5 writ+ conc]n+ ,codex ,b60 7#c7 ,s4 ,o4 8,yes3 b ,i want ,*ri/ian evid5ce4 ,! au?or ( t scrap ( papyrus may h be5 an illit]ate slave4 ,:at if x %\ld be a s*ool-boy's ex]cise :i* has come d[n to u8 ,! ?+ is n impossible40 ,q4 ,r4 8,n #8impossible' c]ta9ly3 b surely highly improbable4 ,h[ev]1 let x drop4 ,y insi/ on ,*ri/ian evid5ce4 ,y %all h x4 ,:at ?9k y !n ( ! foll[+ /atem5t ( a v anci5t ,fa!r 7,caius7#gdf77 writ+ aga9/ ! h]esy ( ,!odotus & o!rs :o d5i$ ! ,div9ity ( ,,*ri/8 ,he is be>+ 8 te/imony to ! lib]ties :i* _h be5 freely tak5 ) ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 8 own "t1 viz4 ab\t ,a4,d4 #age-bjj3-- 8,! ,div9e ,scriptures10 he says1 8^! h]etics h audaci\sly corrupt$3 444 lay+ viol5t h&s ^u !m "u pret5ce ( correct+ !m4 ,t ,i br+ no false accusation1 any "o :o is dispos$ may easily conv9ce himself4 ,he has b to collect ! copies belong+ to ^! p]sons sev]ally2 !n1 to comp>e "o ) ano!r2 & he w discov] t _! discrepancy is extraord9>y4 ,^? ( ,asclepiades1 at all ev5ts1 w be f\nd discordant f ^? ( ,!odotus4 ,n[1 pl5ty ( specim5s ( ei!r sort are obta9able1 inasmu* z ^! m5's disciples h indu/ri\sly multipli$ ! 7s-call$7 #8correct$' copies ( _! respective tea*]s1 :i* are 9 reality no?+ else b #8corrupt$' copies4 ,) ! =ego+ copies aga91 ^? ( ,h]mophilus w be f\nd entirely at v>iance4 ,z = ! copies ( ,apollonides1 !y ev5 contradict "o ano!r4 ,nay1 let any "o comp>e ! fabricat$ text :i* ^! p]sons put =? 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ) t :i* exhibits _! late/ p]v]sions ( ! ,tru?1 & he w discov] t ! disagreem5t betwe5 !m is ev5 excessive4 8,( ! enormity ( ! (f5ce ( :i* ^! m5 h be5 guilty1 !y mu/ ne$s !mselves be fully aw>e4 ,ei!r !y d n believe t ! ,div9e ,scriptures are ! utt]ance ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/1--9 :i* case !y are to be reg>d$ z unbeliev]s3 or else1 !y acc\nt !mselves wis] ?an ! ,,holy ,,gho/1--& :at is t1 b to h ! fai? ( devils8 ,z = _! d5y+ _! guilt1 ! ?+ is impossible1 see+ t ! copies "u discussion are _! own actual h&ywork2 & !y "k full well t n su* z ^! are ! ,scriptures :i* !y receiv$ at ! h&s ( _! cate*etical tea*]s4 ,else1 let !m produce ! orig9als f :i* !y made _! transcripts4 ,c]ta9 ( !m inde$ h n ev5 condesc5d$ to falsify ,scripture1 b entirely reject ,law & ,prophets alike407#gdg7 8,n[1 ! =ego+ /atem5t is 9 a high decree sugge/ive4 ,= "h is an or?odox ,fa!r ( ! ,i,ind c5tury invit+ att5tion to f\r well-kn[n families ( falsifi$ manuscripts ( ! ,sacr$ ,writ+s2--compla9+ ( ! hopeless div]g5ces :i* !y exhibit 7be+ n only inconsi/5t ) "o ano!r1 b ) !mselves72--& insi/+ t su* correct$1 are no?+ else b %amefully corrupt$ copies4 ,he speaks ( ! ph5om5on z be+ 9 8 day notori\s3 & appeals to ,rec5sions1 ! v names ( ^: au?ors--,!odotus1 ,asclepiades1 ,h]mophilus1 ,apollonides--h 7all b ! fir/7 long s9ce di$ out ( ! ,*ur*'s memory4 ,y w all[ !re=e1 7w y n871 t by ?is "t ! claim ( ! olde/ exi/+ copies ( ,scripture to be ! pure/1 has be5 effectually dispos$ (4 ,= s9ce !re once prevail$ su* a multitude ( corrupt$ copies1 we h no security :atev] t ! olde/ ( our extant ,,mss4 are n d]iv$--remotely if n directly--f "s ( !m40 7#d7 ,s4 ,o4 8,b at all ev5ts ! *ances are ev54 ,are !y n80 ,q4 ,r4 8,by no means4 ,a copy l codex ,b1 once recogniz$ z belong+ to a corrupt family1--once kn[n to conta9 a deprav$ exhibition ( ! ,sacr$ ,text1--0 m likely by f> to rema9 unus$1 & s to escape de/ruction1 ?an a copy highly priz$ & 9 daily use4--,z = ,codex 1 x c>ries on its face its own effectual condemnation2 aptly illu/rat+ ! precept fiat exp]im5tum 9 corpore vili4 ,x exhibits ! ef=ts ( _m g5]ations ( m5 to re/ore its ,text1--7:i*1 #8z proce$+ f ! fir/ scribe1' is admitt$ by "o ( its *ief admir]s to be #8v r\gh17#gdh7'7--to some?+ l purity4 #8,at lea/ t5 diff]5t ,revis]s1' f ! ,i,vth to ! ,x,i,ith c5tury1 are f\nd to h tri$ _! h&s ^u x47#gdi7--;,codex ,c1 aft] hav+ _h #8at lea/ ?ree correctors v busily at "w ^u x'7#gej7 79 ! ,v,ith & ,i,xth c5turies71 f9ally 79 ! ,x,i,ith7 0 fairly oblit]at$1--lit]ally scrap$ out1--to make room = ! writ+s ( a ,syrian ,fa!r4--,i am !re=e l$ by priori consid]ations to augur ill ( ! cont5ts ( ,b ,c4 ,b :5 ,i f9d !m hopelessly at v>iance among !mselves3 above all1 :5 ,i f9d 7#a7 all o!r ,manuscripts ( :atev] date1--7#b7 ! mo/ anci5t ,v]sions1--& 7#c71 ! :ole body ( ! primitive ,fa!rs1 decid$ly oppos$ to !m1--,i am 7to speak pla9ly7 at a loss to und]/& h[ any man ( s\nd und]/&+1 acqua9t$ ) all ! facts ( ! case & accu/om$ to exact reason+1 c hesitate to reg>d ! unsupport$ 7or ! sl5d]ly support$7 te/imony ( "o or o!r ( !m z simply wor?less4 ,! crav5 homage :i* ! =emo/ ( ! ?ree habitually receives at ! h&s ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 ,i c only describe z a weak sup]/ition4 ,x is some?+ m ?an unreasonable4 ,x becomes ev5 ridicul\s4--,tis*5dorf's pref]5ce 79 8 la/ edition7 = ! btises ( 8 own codex 1 c only be def5d$ on ! plea ( p>5tal p>tiality4 ,b x is n on t acc\nt ! less fooli%4 ,8 #8exagg]at$ pref]5ce = ! s+le manuscript :i* he _h ! good =tune to discov]1 has betray$ him'--79 ! op9ion ( ,bi%op ,ellicott7--#8into an almo/ *ild-l infirmity ( critical judgm5t' 07#gea7 7#e7 ,o4 ,s4 8,well b1--be all t z x may1--,caius1 rememb]1 is speak+ ( h]etical writ]s4 ,:5 ,i said #8,i want ,*ri/ian evid5ce1' ,i meant or?odox evid5ce1 ( c\rse4 ,y w\ld n ass]t 7w\ld y87 t ,b & exhibit traces ( h]etical depravation80 ,q4 ,r4 8,res]v+ my op9ion on t la/ head1 good ,sir1 & det]m9$ to enjoy ! pleasure ( y\r company on any reasonable t]ms1--7= conv9ce y1 ,i bo? c & w1 ?\gh y prolong ! pres5t discussion till tomorr[ morn+17--,i h to ask a little fav\r ( y3 viz4 t y w be> me company 9 an imag9>y exp$ition4 8,i reque/ t ! clock ( hi/ory may be put back sev5te5 hundr$ ye>s4 ,?is is ,a4,d4 #ahc1 if y please3 &--7indulge me 9 ! supposition67--y & ,i are walk+ 9 ,alex&ria4 ,we h rea*$ ! h\se ( "o ,clem5s1--a le>n$ ,a!nian1 :o has long be5 a resid5t "h4 ,let u /ep into 8 libr>y1--he is f home4 ,:at a que] place6 ,see1 he has be5 read+ 8 ,bible1 :i* is op5 at ,s4 ,m>k x4 ,is x n a well-us$ copy8 ,x mu/ be at lea/ #ej or #fj ye>s old4 ,well1 b suppose only #cj or #dj4 ,x 0 execut$ !re=e )9 fifty ye>s ( ! dea? ( ,s4 ,john ! ,evangeli/4 ,come1 let u transcribe two ( ! columns7#geb7 77 z fai?fully z we possibly c1 & be (f4444 ,we are back 9 ,engl& aga91 & ! clock has be5 put "r4 ,n[ let u sit d[n & exam9e our curiosity at leisure47#gec7444 ,x proves on inspection to be a transcript ( ! #ae v]ses 7v]4 #ag to v]4 #ca7 :i* relate to ! com+ ( ! ri* "y ,rul] to our ,,"l4 8,we make a surpris+ discov]y4 ,!re are b #big words 9 ^? #ae v]ses1--accord+ to ! traditional ,text3 ( :i*1 9 ! copy :i* belong$ to ,clem5s ,alex&r9us1 #ci prove to h be5 left out3 #aa words are add$3 #bb1 sub/itut$3 #bg1 transpos$3 #ac1 v>i$2 & ! phrase has be5 alt]$ at lea/ #h times4 ,n[1 #aab words out ( a total ( #big1 is #ch p] c5t4 ,:at d y ?9k ( t80 7#f7 ,s4 ,o4 8,?9k8 ,o b1 ,i disall[ y\r entire proce$+6 ,y h no bus9ess to collate ) #8a text ( late & deg5]ate type1 su* z is ! ,receiv$ ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4' ,:5 ?is #8is tak5 z a /&>d1 any docum5t belong+ to a pur] /age ( ! ,text mu/ by ! nature ( ! case h ! appe>ance ( be+ guilty ( omissions3 & ! ne>] ! docum5t /&s to ! autograph1 ! m num]\s mu/ be ! omissions laid to its *>ge4' ,i le>nt t f ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,see page #bce ( _! lum9\s ,introduction40 ,q4 ,r4 8,be x s6 ,collate ! passage !n = y\rself ) ! ,text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort3 :i*1 7rememb]67 aspires to reproduce #8! autographs !mselves' #8) ! utmo/ exactness :i* ! evid5ce p]mits' 7pp4 #bhh & #bhi747ged7 ,y w f9d t ?is "t ! words omitt$ am\nt to #dd4 ,! words add$ are #ac3 ! words sub/itut$1 #bc3 ! words transpos$1 #cd3 ! words v>i$ #af4 ,& ! phrase has be5 alt]$ #i times at lea/4 ,b1 #acj on a total ( #big1 is #dd p] c5t4 ,y w also be> 9 m9d t ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria is "o ( our pr9cipal au?orities = ! ,text ( ! ,ante-,nic5e p]iod47#gee7 8,& ?us1 ,i v5ture to presume1 ! imag9ation has be5 at la/ effectually dispos$ (1 t because ,codices ,b & are ! two olde/ ,greek copies 9 exi/5ce1 ! ,text exhibit$ by ei!r mu/ !re=e be ! pure/ ,text :i* is any:]e to be met )4 ,x is impossible to produce a f\l] exhibition ( ,s4 ,m>k x4 #ag-ca ?an is conta9$ 9 a docum5t full two c5turies old] ?an ei!r ,b or 1--itself ! prop]ty ( "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ! ante-,nic5e ,fa!rs40 ,,lvi4--7#g7 ,at ?is /age ( ! argum5t1 ! ,review] f9ds himself tak5 aside by a fri5dly ,critic ,f4 ,c41 & privately remon/rat$ ) some:at z foll[s3-- ,f4 ,c4 8,d y consid]1 ,sir1 :at x is y are ab\t8 ,surely1 y h be5 prov+ a va/ deal too mu*6 ,if ! =ego+ be a fair sample ( ! ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ) :i* ,clem5s ,alex4 0 be/ acqua9t$1 x is pla9 t ! te/imony to ! ,tru? ( ,scripture borne by "o ( ! mo/ anci5t & mo/ fam\s ( ! ,fa!rs1 is absolutely wor?less4 ,is t y\r own delib]ate conviction or n80 ,q4 ,r4 8,f9i% :at y h to say1 ,sir4 ,aft] t1 y %all h a full reply40 7#h7 ,f4 ,c4 8,well !n4 ,pray und]/&1 ,i no?+ d\bt t 9 y\r ma9 cont5tion y are "r2 b ,i yet _c help ?9k+ t ?is br++ 9 ( a fam\s anci5t ,fa!r--obit]--is a v damag+ proce$+4 ,:at else is su* an elaborate exposure ( ! badness ( ! ,text :i* ,clem5s 7,a4,d4 #aej7 employ$1 b ! hopeless p]plex+ ( a "q :i* 0 already suffici5tly ?orny & difficult8 ,y h1 z x seems to me1 import$ into ^! #ae v]ses an entirely fre% crop ( #8,v>i\s ,read+s4' ,d y s]i\sly propose !m z a contribution t[>ds asc]ta9+ ! ipsissima v]ba ( ! ,evangeli/1--! true text ( ,s4 ,m>k x4 #ag-ca80 ,q4 ,r4 8,come back1 if y please1 ,sir1 to ! company4 ,fully appreciat+ ! fri5dly _s 9 :i* y j n[ drew me aside1 ,i yet insi/ on s mak+ my reply t all ! _w %all he> x4 ,=give my pla9ness3 b y are evid5tly pr(\ndly unacqua9t$ ) ! problem be=e y1--9 :i* h[ev] y d n by any means enjoy ! di/9ction ( /&+ alone4 8,! f\lness ( a ,text :i* mu/ h be5 p5n$ )9 #gj or #hj ye>s ( ! dea? ( ! la/ ( ! ,evangeli/s1 is a matt] ( fact--:i* mu/ be loyally accept$1 & made ! be/ (4 ,! ph5om5on is surpris+ c]ta9ly2 & may well be a w>n+ to all :o 7l ,dr4 ,tregelles7 reg>d z oracul> ! solit>y unsupport$ dicta ( a ,writ]1--provid$ only he c claim to h liv$ 9 ! ,i,ind or ,i,i,ird c5tury4 ,to myself x occasions no sort ( inconv5i5ce4 ,y are to be told t ! exorbitances ( a s+le ,fa!r1--z ,clem5s2 a s+le ,v]sion1--z ! ,egyptian3 a s+le ,copy1--z cod4 ,b1 are ( no mann] ( significancy or use1 except z w>n+s3 are ( no mann] ( int]e/1 except z illu/rat+ ! depravation :i* sy/ematically assail$ ! writt5 ,^w 9 ! age :i* imm$iately succe$$ ! ,apo/olic3 are1 9 fact1 ( no importance :atev]4 ,to make !m ! basis ( an induction is prepo/]\s4 ,x is n all[able to inf] ! univ]sal f ! p>ticul>4 ,if ! bones ( ,golia? 7 to be discov]$ to-morr[1 w\ld y propose z an induction !refrom t x 0 ! fa%ion to we> f\r-&-tw5ty f+]s & toes on "o's h&s & feet 9 ! days ( ! giant ( ,ga?8 ,all ! wild read+s ( ! lo/ ,codex be=e u may be unc]emoni\sly dismiss$4 ,! critical importance & value ( ?is /ray leaf f a long-s9ce-vani%$ ,copy is entirely diff]5t1 & rema9s to be expla9$4 8,y are to rememb] !n1--p]haps y h yet to le>n1--t !re are b #be occasions 9 ! c\rse ( ^! #ae v]ses1 on :i* ei!r ,la*mann 7,l471 or ,tis*5dorf 7,t471 or ,tregelles 7,tr471 or ,we/cott & ,hort 7,w4 ,h471 or our ,revisioni/s 7,r4 ,t471 advocate a dep>ture f ! ,traditional ,text4 ,to ^? #be places !re=e our att5tion is n[ to be direct$1--on !m1 our eyes are to be rivet$1--exclusively4 ,& ! fir/ ?+ :i* /rikes u z wor?y ( notice is1 t ! #e au?orities above specifi$ fall into no few] ?an twelve di/9ct comb9ations 9 _! advocacy ( c]ta9 ( ^? #be read+s3 hold+ all #e toge!r only #d times47#gef7 ,! "o "q ( int]e/ !re=e :i* arises1 is ?is1--,:at am\nt ( sanction d any ( !m exp]i5ce at ! h&s ( ,clem5s ,alex&r9us8 8,i answ]1--,only on #c occasions does he agree ) any ( !m47#geg7 ,! result ( a c>eful analysis %[s fur!r t he sides ) ! ,traditional ,text #ag times3--witness+ aga9/ ,la*mann1 #i times3 aga9/ ,tis*5dorf1 #aj times3 aga9/ ,tregelles1 #aa times3 aga9/ ,we/cott & ,hort1 #ab times47#geh7 8,s f> !re=e f admitt+ t #8! ,te/imony ( ,clem5s ,al4--"o ( ! mo/ anci5t & mo/ fam\s ( ! ,fa!rs--is absolutely wor?less1'--,i h prov$ x to be ( v great value4 ,in/ead ( #8hopelessly p]plex+ ! "q1' 8 ,evid5ce is f\nd to h simplifi$ matt]s consid]ably4 ,s f> f #8import+ into ^! #ae v]ses a fre% crop ( ,v>i\s ,read+s1' he has help$ u to get rid ( no less ?an #ag ( ! exi/+ ones4444 #8,damag+' 8 evid5ce has c]ta9ly prov$3 b only to ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1 ,we/cott & ,hort & our ill-/>r$ ,revisioni/s4 ,& yet x rema9s und5iably true1 t #8x is impossible to produce a f\l] exhibition ( ,s4 ,m>k x4 #ag-ca ?an is met ) 9 a docum5t full two c5turies old] ?an ei!r ,b or 1--! prop]ty ( "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ! ,fa!rs4'7#gei7 444 ,h y any?+ fur!r to ask80 7#i7 ,f4 ,c4 8,i %\ld c]ta9ly l1 9 conclusion1 to be in=m$ :e!r we are to inf] t ! ne>] we approa* to ! date ( ! sacr$ ,autographs1 ! m corrupt we %all f9d ! copies4 ,=1 if s1 pray--,:]e & :5 did purity ( ,text beg980 ,q4 ,r4 8,y are n at lib]ty1 logically1 to draw any su* inf]5ce f ! premisses4 ,! pure/ docum5ts ( all exi/$ p]=ce 9 ! fir/ c5tury3 mu/ h !n exi/$4 ,! spr+ is p]=ce pure/ at its s\rce4 ,my :ole cont5tion has be51 & is1--,t !re is no?+ at all unreasonable 9 ! supposition t two /ray copies ( ! ,i,vth c5tury1--com+ d[n to our own times )\t a hi/ory & )\t a "*1--may exhibit a ?or\ghly deprav$ text4 ,m ?an ?is does n foll[ lawfully f ! premisses4 ,at ! outset1 rememb]1 y deliv]$ x z y\r op9ion t #8! olde/ ,manuscript we possess1 if x be b a v anci5t "o1 mu/ ne$s be ! pure/4' ,i ass]t$1 9 reply1 t #8x does n by any means foll[1 because a manuscript is v anci5t1 t !re=e its text w be v pure' 7p4 #cba72 & all t ,i h be5 s9ce say+1 has b _h = its object to prove ! tru? ( my ass]tion4 ,facts h be5 incid5tally elicit$1 ,i admit1 calculat$ to inspire di/ru/1 r ?an confid5ce1 9 v anci5t docum5ts g5]ally4 ,b ,i am nei!r responsible = ^! facts2 nor = ! inf]5ces sugge/$ by !m4 8,at all ev5ts1 ,i h to reque/ t y w n c>ry away s entirely errone\s a notion z t ,i am ! advocate = ,rec5t1 9 pref]5ce to ,anci5t1 ,evid5ce conc]n+ ! ,text ( ,scripture4 ,be s oblig+ z n to say conc]n+ me t ,i #8c\nt' in/ead ( #8weigh+' my witnesses4 ,if y h att5d$ to ! =ego+ pages1 & h und]/ood !m1 y mu/ by ?is "t be aw>e t 9 e in/ance x is to ,,antiquity t ,i p]si/5tly make my appeal4 ,i abide by its s5t5ce1 & ,i require t y %all d ! same4 8,y & y\r fri5ds1 on ! contr>y1 reject ! ,te/imony ( ,antiquity4 ,y set up1 in/ead1 "s idol ( y\r own4 ,?us1 ,tregelles wor%ipp$ #8codex ,b4' ,b #8codex ,b' is n #8,antiquity'6--,tis*5dorf assign$ ! place ( hon\r to #8codex 4' ,b once m1 #8codex ' is n #8,antiquity'6--,y rejoice 9 ! decrees ( ! ,v,ith-c5tury-codex ,d1--& ( ! ,v,i,i,ith-c5tury-codex ,l1--& ( ! ,x?1 ,x,ith1 & ,x,i,vth c5tury codices1 #a1 #cc1 #fi4 ,b w y v5ture to tell me t any ( ^! are #8,antiquity'8 ,samples ( ,antiquity1 at be/1 are any ( ^!4 ,no m6 ,b !n1 x is demon/rable t !y are unfair samples4 ,:y are y reg>dless ( all o!r ,,copies8--,s1 ) respect to ,,v]sions1 & ,,fa!rs4 ,y s+le out "o or two1--! "o or two :i* suit y\r purpose2 & y are = reject+ all ! re/4 ,b1 once m1--,! ,coptic v]sion is n #8,antiquity1'--nei!r is ,orig5 #8,antiquity4' ,! ,syriac ,v]sion is a full set-(f aga9/ ! =m]1--,ir5u m ?an c\nt]balances ! latt]4 ,:atev] is f\nd 9 "o ( ^! anci5t au?orities mu/ confess$ly be ,,an #8anci5t ,read+3' b x does n !re=e foll[ t x is ,,! anci5t ,read+ ( ! place4 ,n[1 x is ,,! anci5t ,read+1 ( :i* we are always 9 se>*4 ,& he :o s9c]ely desires to asc]ta9 :at actually is ! ,witness ( ,antiquity1--7i4e41 :at is ! prevail+ te/imony ( all ! olde/ docum5ts17--w beg9 by ca/+ 8 prejudices & 8 pr$ilections to ! w9ds1 & w devote himself consci5ti\sly to an imp>tial survey ( ! :ole field ( ,evid5ce40 ,f4 ,c4 8,well b1--y h once & aga9 admitt$ t ! ph5om5a be=e u are extraord9>y4 ,are y able to expla9 h[ x comes to pass t su* an "o z ,clem5s ,alex&r9us employ$ su* a sc&al\sly corrupt copy ( ! ,gospels z we h be5 consid]+80 ,q4 ,r4 8,y are q at lib]ty to ask me any "q y *oose4 ,& ,i1 = my own "p1 am will+ to return y ! be/ answ] ,i am able4 ,y w please to rememb] h[ev]1 t ! ph5om5a w rema91--h[ev] infelicit\s my attempts to expla9 !m may seem to y\rself4 ,my view ( ! matt] !n--7?9k :at y w ab\t x67--is z foll[s3-- ,,lvii4 8,vanqui%$ by ,,! ,,^w ,inc>nate1 ,satan next direct$ 8 subtle malice aga9/ ! ,^w writt54 ,h5ce1 z ,i ?9k1--h5ce ! extraord9>y fate :i* befel c]ta9 e>ly transcripts ( ! ,gospel4 ,fir/1 h]etical assailants ( ,*ri/ianity1--!n1 or?odox def5d]s ( ! ,tru?1--la/ly & above all1 self-con/itut$ ,critics1 :o 7l ,dr4 ,hort7 imag9$ !mselves at lib]ty to resort to #8in/9ctive processes' ( ,criticism2 & :o1 at fir/ z well z #8at la/1' freely made _! appeal #8to ! individual m9d3'--su* 7 ! corrupt+ influ5ces :i* 7 actively at "w ?r\gh\t ! fir/ hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,s4 ,john ! ,div9e4 ,pr(ane lit]ature has nev] kn[n any?+ approa*+ to x1--c %[ no?+ at all l x4 ,satan's arts 7 defeat$ inde$ ?r\gh ! ,*ur*'s fai?fulness1 because1--7! good ,provid5ce ( ,,god _h s will$ x17--! p]petual multiplication1 9 e qu>t]1 ( copies requir$ = ,ecclesia/ical use1--n to say ! solicitude ( fai?ful m5 9 div]se regions ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom to reta9 = !mselves unadult]at$ specim5s ( ! inspir$ ,text1--prov$ a suffici5t safegu>d aga9/ ! gross] =ms ( corruption4 ,b ?is 0 n all4 8,! ,*ur*1 rememb]1 ha? be5 f ! beg9n+ ! #8,witness & ,keep] ( ,holy ,writ4'7#gfj7 ,did n h] ,div9e ,au?or p\r out ^u h]1 9 l>ge/ measure1 #8! ,,_s ( ,tru?2' & pl$ge ,himself t x %\ld be t ,,_s',s special function to #8guide' h] *ildr5 #8into all ! ,tru?'7#gfa78444 ,t by a p]petual miracle1 ,sacr$ ,manuscripts w\ld be protect$ all d[n ! ages aga9/ deprav+ influ5ces ( :atev] sort1--0 n to h be5 expect$2 c]ta9ly1 0 nev] promis$4 ,b ! ,*ur*1 9 h] collective capacity1 ha? nev]!less--z a matt] ( fact--be5 p]petually purg+ h]self ( ^? %amefully deprav$ copies :i* once ev]y:]e ab\nd$ )9 h] pale3 reta9+ only su* an am\nt ( discrepancy 9 h] ,text z might s]ve to rem9d h] *ildr5 t !y c>ry _! #8treasure 9 e>!n vessels1'--z well z to /imulate !m to p]petual wat*fulness & solicitude = ! purity & integrity ( ! ,deposit4 ,nev]1 h[ev]1 up to ! pres5t h\r1 ha? !re be5 any complete eradication ( all traces ( ! attempt$ mis*ief1--any absolute gett+ rid ( e deprav$ copy extant4 ,^! are f\nd to h l+]$ on anci5tly 9 _m qu>t]s4 ,a few su* copies l+] on to ! pres5t day4 ,! w\nds 7 heal$1 b ! sc>s rema9$1--nay1 ! sc>s are disc]nible /ill4 8,:at1 9 ! meantime1 is to be ?\ght ( ^? bl9d guides--^? delud$ ones--:o w\ld n[1 if !y c\ld1 p]suade u to g back to ^? same codices ( :i* ! ,*ur* ha? already purg$ h]self8 to g back 9 que/ ( ^? v ,read+s :i*1 #ae or #afjj ye>s ago1 ! ,*ur* 9 all l&s is f\nd to h reject$ ) loa?+8 ,v]ily1 x is #8happ5+ unto !m accord+ to ! true prov]b'--:i* ,s4 ,pet] sets d[n 9 8 #bnd ,epi/le1--*apt] ii4 v]se #bb4 ,to proce$ h[ev]4 8,z = ,clem5s1--he liv$ at ! v "t & 9 ! v c\ntry :]e ! mis*ief ref]r$ to 0 mo/ rife4 ,= full two c5turies aft] 8 era1 h]etical works 7 s indu/ri\sly multipli$1 t 9 a diocese consi/+ ( #hjj p>i%es 7viz4 ,cyrus 9 ,syria71 ! ,bi%op 7viz4 ,!odoret1 :o 0 appo9t$ 9 ,a4,d4 #dbc17 compla9s t he f\nd no less ?an #bjj copies ( ! ,diatess>on ( ,tatian ! h]etic1--7,tatian's date be+ ,a4,d4 #agc17--;hon\rably pres]v$ 9 ! ,*ur*es ( 8 7,!odoret's7 diocese1 & mi/ak5 by ! or?odox = an au!ntic p]=mance47#gfb7 ,clem5s moreov] w\ld seem to h be5 a trifle too famili> ) ! works ( ,basilides1 ,m>cion1 ,val5t9us1 ,h]acleon1 & ! re/ ( ! ,gno/ic crew4 ,he habitually mi/akes apocryphal writ+s = inspir$ ,scripture37#gfc7 &--) corrupt$ copies always at h& & be=e him--he is j ! man to pres5t u ) a quotation l ! pres5t1 & /raightway to volunte] ! assurance t he f\nd x #8s writt5 9 ! ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,m>k4'7#gfd7 ,! ar*etype ( ,codices ,b & 1--especially ! ar*etype f :i* ,cod4 ,d 0 copi$1--is discov]$ to h exp]i5c$ adult]ation l>gely f ! same pe/il5tial s\rce :i* mu/ h corrupt$ ! copies ) :i* ,clem5t 7& 8 pupil ,orig5 aft] him7 7 mo/ famili>4--,& ?us y h expla9$ to y ! reason ( ! disgu/ & indignation ) :i* ,i behold 9 ^! la/ days a resolute attempt made to revive & to palm (f ^u an unle>n$ g5]ation ! old explod$ errors1 "u ! pret5ce t !y are ! inspir$ ,v]ity itself1--provid5tially recov]$ f a neglect$ %elf 9 ! ,vatican1--rescu$ f de/ruction by a *ance visitor to ,m\nt ,s9ai40 ,f4 ,c4 8,w y !n1 9 conclusion1 tell u h[ y w\ld h u proce$ 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! ,tru? ( ,scripture80 ,q4 ,r4 8,to answ] t "q fully w\ld require a consid]able ,treatise4 ,i w n1 h[ev]1 )hold a slight outl9e ( :at ,i conceive to be ! only safe me?od ( proc$ure4 ,i c\ld b fill up t outl9e1 & illu/rate t me?od1 ev5 if ,i _h #ejj pages at my disposal4 ,,lviii4 8,on fir/ s]i\sly apply+ ourselves to ^! /udies1 _m ye>s ago1 we f\nd x wondr\s difficult to dive/ ourselves ( prepossessions v l y\r own4 ,turn :i* way we w\ld1 we 7 enc\nt]$ by ! same confid5t t]m9ology3--#8! be/ docum5ts1'--#8prim>y manuscripts1'--#8fir/-rate au?orities1'--#8primitive evid5ce1'--#8anci5t read+s1'--& s =?3 & we f\nd t !reby cod4 ,a4 or ,b1--cod4 ,c or ,d--7 inv>iably & exclusively meant4 ,x 0 n until we _h labori\sly collat$ ^! docum5ts 7includ+ 7 = ourselves1 t we became aw>e ( _! true "*4 ,long be=e com+ to ! end ( our task 7& x occupi$ u1 (f & on1 = eight ye>s7 we _h become conv9c$ t ! suppos$ #8be/ docum5ts' & #8fir/-rate au?orities' are 9 reality among ! wor/3--t ^! ,copies des]ve to be call$ #8prim>y1' only because 9 any enum]ation ( manuscripts1 !y /& =emo/2--& t _! #8,evid5ce1' :e!r #8primitive' or n1 is contradictory ?r\gh\t4--,all ,read+s1 la/ly1 we discov]$ are #8anci5t4' 8,a dilig5t inspection ( a va/ numb] ( lat] ,copies scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! pr9cipal libr>ies ( ,europe1 & ! exact ,collation ( a few1 fur!r conv9c$ u t ! def]5ce g5]ally claim$ = ,b1 1 ,c1 ,d is no?+ else b a weak sup]/ition & a vulg> error3--t ! date ( a ,,ms4 is n ( its ess5ce1 b is a m]e accid5t ( ! problem3--& t lat] ,copies1 s f> f #8crumbl+ d[n sali5t po9ts1 s(t5+ irregul>ities1 con=m+ diff]5ces1'7#gfe7 & s =?1--on c\ntless occasions1 & z a rule1--pres]ve ^? delicate l9eam5ts & m9ute ref9em5ts :i* ! #8old uncials' are con/antly obs]v$ to oblit]ate4 ,& s1 ris+ to a sy/ematic survey ( ! entire field ( ,evid5ce1 we f\nd reason to suspect m & m ! s\ndness ( ! conclusions at :i* ,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 & ,tis*5dorf _h arriv$3 :ile we seem$ l$1 z if by ! h&1 to disc]n pla9 indications ( ! exi/5ce = ourselves ( a f> #8m excell5t way4' ,,lix4 8,=1 let ! ample & highly complex provision :i* ,div9e ,wisdom ha? made = ! effectual cons]vation ( t cr[n+ ma/]-piece ( ,8 own creative skill1--,,! ,,writt5 ,,^w1--be duly consid]$2 & surely a recoil is inevitable f ! /range p]v]sity :i* 9 ^! la/ days w\ld %ut u up )9 ! limits ( a v few docum5ts to ! neglect ( all ! re/1--z ?\gh a revelation f ,heav5 _h proclaim$ t ! ,tru? is to be f\nd exclusively 9 !m4 ,! good ,provid5ce ( ! ,au?or ( ,scripture is discov]$ to h furni%$ ,8 h\sehold1 ! ,*ur*1 ) 7speak+ r\ghly7 #ajjj copies ( ! ,gospels3--) tw5ty ,v]sions--two ( :i* g back to ! beg9n+ ( ,*ri/ianity3 & ) ! writ+s ( a ho/ ( anci5t ,fa!rs4 ,:y out ( ^? #ajjj ,,mss4 two %\ld be s+l$ out by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort = special fav\r1--to ! practical disreg>d ( all ! re/3 :y ,v]sions & ,fa!rs %\ld by !m be simil>ly dealt )1--%\ld be practically set aside 9 fact 9 ! lump1--we fail to discov]4 ,c]ta9ly ! pleas urg$ by ! le>n$ ,editors7#gff7 c appe> satisfactory to no "o b to !mselves4 ,,lx4 8,= our me?od !n1--,x is ! direct contradictory to t adopt$ by ! two ,cambridge ,pr(essors4 ,moreov]1 x conducts u ?r\gh\t to directly opposite results4 ,we hold x to be ev5 axiomatic t a ,read+ :i* is support$ by only "o docum5t1--out ( ! #aajj 7m or less7 already specifi$1--:e!r t solit>y unit be a ,,fa!r1 a ,,v]sion1 or a ,,copy1--/&s self-condemn$2 may be dismiss$ at once1 )\t conc]n or enquiry4 8,nor is ! case mat]ially alt]$ if 7z g5]ally happ5s7 a few colleagues ( bad "* are obs]v$ to side ) ! else solit>y docum5t4 ,associat$ ) ! corrupt ,b1 is (t5 f\nd ! m corrupt 4 ,nay1 six leaves ( are confid5tly decl>$ by ,tis*5dorf to h be5 writt5 by ! scribe ( ,b4 ,! sympa?y betwe5 ^! two1 & ! ,v]sion ( ,l[] ,egypt1 is ev5 notori\s4 ,t ,orig5 %\ld sometimes jo9 ! conspiracy1--& t ! same ,read+ %\ld f9d allies 9 c]ta9 copies ( ! unrevis$ ,lat91 or p]haps 9 ,cureton's ,syriac3--all ?is we deem ! rev]se ( enc\rag+4 ,! atte/+ witnesses are1 9 our acc\nt1 ( s suspici\s a "*1 t ! ,read+ _c be all[$4 ,on su* occasions1 we are rem9d$ t !re is tru? 9 ,dr4 ,hort's dictum conc]n+ ! importance ( not+ ! t5d5cy ( c]ta9 docum5ts to fall into #8gr\ps3' ?\gh 8 ass]tion t #8x _c be too (t5 repeat$ t ! /udy ( gr\p+ is ! f\ndation ( all endur+ ,criticism1'7#gfg7 we hold to be z absurd z x is untrue4 ,,lxi4 8,s f> negatively4--,a saf]1 ! only tru/wor?y me?od1 9 fact1 ( asc]ta9+ ! ,tru? ( ,scripture1 we hold to be ! me?od :i*1--)\t prejudice or p>tiality1--simply asc]ta9s ,,:i* ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,text ,,enjoys ,,! ,,e>lie/1 ,,! ,,fulle/1 ,,! ,,wide/1 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,respectable1 ,,&--above all ?+s--,,! ,,mo/ ,,v>i$ ,,atte/ation4 ,t a ,read+ %\ld be freely recogniz$ alike by ! e>lie/ & by ! late/ available evid5ce1--we hold to be a prime circum/ance 9 its fav\r4 ,t ,copies1 ,v]sions1 & ,fa!rs1 %\ld all ?ree concur 9 sanction+ x1--we hold to be ev5 m conclusive4 ,if sev]al ,fa!rs1 liv+ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom1 are all obs]v$ to recognize ! words1 or to quote !m 9 ! same way1--we h met ) all ! additional confirmation we ord9>ily require4 ,let x only be fur!r discov]able h[ or :y ! rival ,read+ came into exi/5ce1 & our confid5ce becomes absolute4 ,,lxii4 8,an in/ance :i* we furni%$ 9 detail 9 a =m] article17#gfh7 may be conv5i5tly appeal$ to 9 illu/ration ( :at goes be=e4 ,our ,,"l',s #8,agony & bloody sweat1'--fir/ m5tion$ by ,ju/9 ,m>tyr 7,a4,d4 #aej71 is f\nd set d[n 9 e ,,ms4 9 ! _w except f\r4 ,x is duly exhibit$ by e kn[n ,v]sion4 ,x is recogniz$ by upw>ds ( =ty fam\s ,fa!rs writ+ )\t conc]t 9 remote p>ts ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom4 ,:e!r !re=e ,antiquity1--,v>iety ( te/imony1--,respectability ( witnesses1--or ,numb]1--is consid]$1 ! evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #dc1 #dd is simply ov]:elm+4 ,& yet out ( sup]/iti\s def]5ce to two ,copies ( bad "*1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 7foll[$ by ! ,revisioni/s7 set ! br& ( spuri\sness on ^? #bf preci\s words2 pr(ess+ !mselves #8morally c]ta9' t ?is is no?+ else b a #8,we/]n ,int]polation3' :]eas1 mi/ak5 zeal = ! hon\r ( ,inc>nate ,,jehovah alone occasion$ ! suppression ( ^! two v]ses 9 a few e>ly manuscripts4 ,?is has be5 expla9$ already1--namely1 9 ! middle ( page #hb4 ,,lxiii4 8,only "o o!r in/ance %all be cit$4 ,! traditional read+ ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad is v\*$ = by e kn[n copy ( ! ,gospels b f\r--#c ( :i* are ( extremely bad "*1 viz4 ,b ,d4 ,! ,v]sions are divid$3 b n ! ,fa!rs3 ( :om m ?an =ty-sev5 f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom1--7,syria1 ,pale/9e1 ,alex&ria1 ,asia ,m9or1 ,cyprus1 ,crete1 ,gaul17--come back to atte/ t ! traditional read+ 7z usual7 is ! true "o4 ,yet su* is ! infatuation ( ! new s*ool1 t ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort are cont5t to make nons5se ( ! ,angelic ,hymn on ! night ( ! ,nativity1 r ?an admit ! possibility ( complicity 9 error 9 ,b ,d3 error 9 respect ( a s+le lett]6444 ,! ,read] is invit$ to ref] to :at has already be5 (f]$ on ?is subject1 f p4 #da to p4 #dg4 ,,lxiv4 8,x w be p]ceiv$ !re=e t ! me?od we plead = consi/s m]ely 9 a loyal recognition ( ! :ole ( ! ,evid5ce3 sett+ (f "o au?ority aga9/ ano!r1 labori\sly & imp>tially2 & adjudicat+ fairly betwe5 !m all4 ,ev5 s hopelessly corrupt a docum5t z ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria's copy ( ! ,gospels proves to h be5--7describ$ at pp4 #cbf-ca7--;is by no means )\t critical value4 ,s]vilely foll[$1 x w\ld confess$ly l& u 9 hopeless error3 b1 judici\sly employ$1 z a set-(f aga9/ o!r evid5ce2 reg>d$ r z a *eck ^u ! exorbitances ( o!r f\l docum5ts1 7e4g4 ,b ,c & especially ,d72 resort$ to z a protection aga9/ ! prejudice & caprice ( mod]n ,critics2--t v5]able docum5t1 ) all its faults1 proves invaluable4 ,?us1 9 spite ( its own ab]rations1 x witnesses to ! tru? ( ! ,traditional ,text ( ,s4 ,m>k x4 #ag-ca--7! place ( ,scripture above ref]r$ to7#gfi77--;9 sev]al important p>ticul>s2 sid+ ) x aga9/ ,la*mann1 #i times2--aga9/ ,tis*5dorf1 #aj times2--aga9/ ,tregelles1 #aa times2--aga9/ ,we/cott & ,hort1 #ab times4 8,we deem ?is labori\s me?od ! only true me?od1 9 our pres5t /ate ( imp]fect k3 ! me?od1 namely1 ( adopt+ t ,read+ :i* has ! fulle/1 ! wide/1 & ! mo/ v>i$ atte/ation4 ,antiquity1 & ,respectability ( ,witnesses1 are ?us secur$4 ,h[ m5 c p]suade !mselves t #ai ,copies out ( e #bj may be safely disreg>d$1 if !y be b writt5 9 m9uscule *>act]s1--we fail to und]/&4 ,to ourselves x seems simply an irrational proce$+4 ,b inde$ we hold ?is to be no seem+ tru?4 ,! fact is absolutely demon/rable4 ,z = build+ up a ,text1 7z ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h done17 ) special sup]/iti\s def]5ce to a s+le codex1--we deem x ab\t z reasonable z w\ld be ! attempt to build up a pyramid f its apex2 9 ! expectation t x w\ld /& firm on its extremity1 & rema9 horizontal = ev]40 ,& ?us mu* 9 reply to our suppos$ ,que/ion]4 ,we h n[ rea*$ ! end ( a prolong$ discussion1 :i* began at page #cbj2 m imm$iately1 at page #ccg4 ,,lxv4 ,9 ! meantime1 a pyramid balanc$ on its apex proves to be no unapt image ( ! ,textual !ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,:5 we rea* ! end ( _! ,introduction we f9d we h rea*$ ! po9t to :i* all t w5t be=e has be5 evid5tly conv]g+3 b we make ! fur!r awkw>d discov]y t x is ! po9t on :i* all t w5t be=e absolutely dep5ds also4 ,ap>t f codex ,b1 ! pres5t !ory c\ld h no exi/5ce4 ,b = codex ,b1 x w\ld nev] h be5 excogitat$4 ,on codex ,b1 x entirely re/s4 ,out ( codex ,b1 x has entirely sprung4 ,take away ?is "o codex1 & ,dr4 ,hort's volume becomes absolutely )\t coh]5ce1 purpose1 mean+4 ,"o-fif? ( x7#ggj7 is devot$ to rem>ks on ,b & 4 ,! fable ( 8! ,syrian text0 is inv5t$ solely = ! glorification ( ,b & 1--:i* are claim$1 ( c\rse1 to be 8,pre-,syrian40 ,?is fills #dj pages m47#gga7 ,& ?us x w\ld appe> t ! ,tru? ( ,scripture has run a v n>r[ risk ( be+ lo/ = ev] to mank9d4 ,dr4 ,hort cont5ds t x m ?an half lay p]du on a =gott5 %elf 9 ! ,vatican ,libr>y2--,dr4 ,tis*5dorf1 t x _h be5 deposit$ 9 a wa/e-pap] basket7#ggb7 9 ! conv5t ( ,s4 ,ca?>9e at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,s9ai1--f :i* he rescu$ x on ! #d? ,febru>y1 #ahei3--nei!r1 we v5ture to ?9k1 a v likely circum/ance4 ,we incl9e to believe t ! ,au?or ( ,scripture ha? n by any means %[n ,himself s unm9dful ( ! safety ( ! ,deposit1 z ^! di/+ui%$ g5tlem5 imag9e4 ,are we ask$ = ! gr\nd ( our op9ion8 ,we po9t )\t hesitation to ! #iih ,,copies :i* rema93 to ! _m anci5t ,,v]sions3 to ! _m v5]able ,,fa!rs1--any "o ( :om we hold to be a m tru/wor?y au?ority = ! ,text ( ,scripture1 :5 he speaks out pla9ly1 ?an ei!r ,codex ,b or ,codex 1--aye1 or ?an bo? ( !m put toge!r4 ,behold1 7we say17 ! abundant provision :i* ! ,all-wise ,"o ha? made = ! safety ( ! ,deposit3 ! 8?reefold cord0 :i* 8is n quickly brok506 ,we hope to be =giv5 if we add1 7n )\t a little w>m?17 t we altoge!r wond] at ! p]v]sity1 ! infatuation1 ! bl9dness1--:i* is prep>$ to make light ( all ^! preci\s helps1 9 ord] to magnify two ( ! mo/ corrupt codices 9 exi/5ce2 & t1 = no o!r reason b because1 7z ,dr4 ,hort expresses x17 !y 8happ5 likewise to be ! olde/ extant ,greek ,,mss4 ( ! ,new ,te/am5t40 7p4 #bab47 ,,lxvi4 ,& yet1 _h :at prec$es be5 ! sum ( ! matt]1 we %\ld = our own p>ts h be5 p]fectly well cont5t to pass x by )\t a syllable ( comm5t4 ,s long z no?+ m is endang]$ ?an ! p]sonal reputation ( a c\ple ( ,s*ol>s--at home or abroad--we c af=d to look on ) indiff]5ce4 ,_! private v5tures are _! private conc]n4 ,:at excites our indignation is ! spectacle ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& becom+ to "s ext5t involv$ 9 _! discomfiture1 because implicat$ 9 _! mi/akes3 dragg$ ?r\gh ! mire1 to speak pla9ly1 at ! *>iot-:eels ( ^! two infelicit\s ,doctors1 & expos$ ) !m to ! ridicule ( educat$ ,*ri/5dom4 ,our ,*ur* has boa/$ till n[ ( le>n$ sons 9 abundance )9 h] pale1 ready at a mom5t's notice to d h] "r3 to expose %all[ sciolism1 & to v9dicate t preci\s ?+ :i* ha? be5 committ$ to h] tru/47#ggc7 ,:]e are ! m5 n[8 ,:at has come to h]1 t1 on ! contr>y1 c]ta9 ( h] own ,bi%ops & ,doctors h n scrupl$ to ent] into an irregul> alliance ) ,sect>ians1--yes1 h ev5 tak5 into p>tn]%ip ) !mselves "o :o op5ly d5ies ! et]nal ,godhead ( our ,,"l ,,jesus ,,*ri/1--9 ord]1 z x w\ld seem1 to give pro( to ! _w ( ! l[ ebb to :i* ,ta/e1 ,s*ol>%ip1 & ,sacr$ ,le>n+ h sunk among u8 ,,lxvii4 ,worse yet4 ,we are s di/ress$1 because ! true suff]]s aft] all by ?is ill-advis$ proce$+1 are ! #ij millions ( ,engli%-speak+ ,*ri/ian folk scatt]$ ov] ! surface ( ! globe4 ,^! h _h ! title-de$s by :i* !y hold _! priceless bir?right1 %amefully tamp]$ )4 ,:o w v5ture to pr$ict ! am\nt ( mis*ief :i* mu/ foll[1 if ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 :i* has be5 put =? by ! m5 :o 7 appo9t$ to revise ! ,engli% ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 %\ld become us$ 9 our ,s*ools & 9 our ,colleges1--%\ld impose l>gely on ! ,cl]gy ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&8444 ,b to return f ?is1 :i* h[ev] w sc>cely be call$ a digression4 ,a pyramid pois$ on its apex !n1 we hold to be a fair emblem ( ! ,!ory j n[ "u review4 ,only1 un=tunately1 its apex is f\nd to be con/ruct$ ( brick )\t /raw3 say r ( /raw--)\t brick4 ,,lxviii4 ,:y su* p>tiality has be5 ev9c$ latt]ly = ,cod4 ,b1 none ( ! ,critics h yet be5 s good z to expla92 nor is x to be expect$ t1 satisfactorily1 any ( !m ev] w4 ,:y aga9 ,tis*5dorf %\ld h sudd5ly transf]r$ 8 allegiance f ,cod4 ,b to ,cod4 1--unless1 to be sure1 he 0 ! sport ( p>5tal p>tiality1--mu/ also rema9 a riddle4 ,if "o ( ! 8old uncials0 mu/ ne$s be tak5 z a guide1--7?\gh we see no suffici5t reason :y "o %\ld be appo9t$ to "l x ov] ! re/17--we %\ld r h expect$ t ,cod4 ,a w\ld h be5 select$17#ggd7--! text ( :i* 8,/&s 9 broad contra/ to ^? ( ei!r ,b or 1 ?\gh ! int]val ( ye>s betwe5 x & !m is probably small40 7p4 #aeb47 8,by a curi\s & app>5tly unnotic$ co9cid5ce10 7proce$s ,dr4 ,hort17 8its ,text 9 sev]al books agrees ) ! ,lat9 ,vulgate 9 s _m peculi> read+s devoid ( old ,lat9 atte/ation1 z to leave little d\bt t a ,greek ,,ms4 l>gely employ$ by ,j]ome0--& :y n 8,,! ,greek copies employ$ by ,j]ome08--89 8 ,revision ( ! ,lat9 v]sion mu/ h _h to a great ext5t a common orig9al ) ,a40 7,ibid47 ,behold a fur!r claim ( ?is copy on ! respectful consid]ation ( ! ,critics6 ,:at w\ld be ?\ght ( ! ,alex&rian ,codex1 if "s atte/ation 7 discov]able 9 its pages t x actually _h belong$ to ! le>n$ ,pale/9ian fa!r8 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort1 8,ap>t f ?is individual aff9ity1 ,a--bo? 9 ! ,gospels & else:]e--may s]ve z a fair example ( ! ,manuscripts t1 to judge by ,patri/ic quotations1 7 commone/ 9 ! ,i,vth c5tury40--7p4 #aeb47 ,o b1 ! evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ,codex ,a ?ick5s apace6 ,suppose !n1--7=1 aft] ?is admission1 ! supposition is at lea/ all[able17--suppose ! discov]y 7 made tomorr[ ( half-a-score ( codices ( ! same date z ,cod4 ,b1 b exhibit+ ! same ,text z ,cod4 ,a4 ,:at a complete revolution w\ld be !reby effect$ 9 m5's m9ds on ,textual matt]s6 ,h[ impossible w\ld x be1 h5ce=?1 = ,b & its h5*man 1 to obta9 s mu* z a he>+6 ,su* 8an elev50 w\ld safely defy ! _w6 ,& yet1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort1 ! supposition may any day become a fact2 = he in=ms u1--7& we are glad to be able = once to decl>e t :at he says is p]fectly correct17--t su* manuscripts once ab\nd$ or r prevail$2--87 commone/ 9 ! ,i,vth c5tury10 :5 codices ,b & 7 writt54 ,we presume t !n1 z n[1 su* codices prevail$ univ]sally1 9 ! proportion ( #ii to #a4 ,,lxix4 ,b--:at ne$ to say x8--we entirely disall[ any su* n>r[+ ( ! plat=m :i* ,div9e ,wisdom ha? will$ %\ld be at once v v>i$ & v ample4 ,cod4 ,a is sometimes 9 error3 sometimes ev5 conspires 9 error exclusively ) ,cod4 ,b4 ,an in/ance occurs 9 #a ,s4 ,john v4 #ah1--;a difficult passage1 :i* we ! m will+ly proce$ to rem>k ^u1 because ! fact has transpir$ t x is "o ( ! few places 9 :i* entire unanimity prevail$ among ! ,revisioni/s1--:o yet 7z we %all %[7 h be51 "o & all1 mi/ak5 9 sub/itut+ 8him0 77 = 8himself0 774444 ,we v5ture to bespeak ! ,read]'s att5tion :ile we produce ! passage 9 "q1 & briefly exam9e x4 ,he is assur$ t x exhibits a fair av]age specim5 ( :at has be5 ! ,revisioni/s' fatal me?od 9 e page3-- ,,lxx4 ,s4 ,john 9 8 fir/ ,epi/le 7v4 #ah7 is di/+ui%+ betwe5 ! m]e recipi5t ( ! new bir? 7 71--& ! man :o reta9s ! sanctify+ influ5ces ( ! ,,holy ,,_s :i* he receiv$ :5 he became reg5]ate 7 74 ,! latt] 7he says7 8s9ne? n30 ! =m]1 7he says17 8keepe? himself1 & ! ,evil ,"o t\*e? him n40 ,s f>1 all is intelligible4 ,! nom9ative is ! same 9 bo? cases4 ,sub/itute h[ev] 8keepe? him 7710 = 8keepe? himself 7710 & 7z ,dr4 ,scriv5] admits7#gge771 c be none o!r ?an ! ,only ,begott5 ,,son ( ,,god4 ,& yet our ,,"l is n[h]e 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t designat$ z 47#ggf7 ,al=d accord+ly pref]s to make nons5se ( ! place2 :i* he translates1--8he t ha? be5 begott5 ( ,,god1 x keepe? him40 ,,lxxi4 ,n[1 on e occasion l ! pres5t1--7in/ead ( tamp]+ ) ! text1 z ,dr4 ,hort & our ,revisioni/s h done )\t explanation or apology17--our safety w be f\nd to consi/ 9 enquir+1--,b 7#a7 ,:at h ! ,copies to say to ?is8 7#b7 ,:at h ! ,v]sions8 & 7#c7 ,:at1 ! ,fa!rs8444 ,! answ] proves to be--7#a7 ,all ! copies except ?ree17#ggg7 read 8himself40--7#b7 ,s d ! ,syriac & ! ,lat927#ggh7--s d ! ,coptic1 ,sahidic1 ,georgian1 ,arm5ian1 & ?iopic v]sions47#ggi7--7c7 ,s1 ,orig5 cle>ly ?rice17#ghj7--;,didymus cle>ly #d times17#gha7--;,ephraem ,syrus cle>ly twice17#ghb7--,sev]us also twice17#ghc7--,!ophylact expressly17#ghd7--;& cum5ius47#ghe7--,s1 inde$1 ,cod4 ,a2 = ! orig9al ,scribe is f\nd to h correct$ himself47#ghf7 ,! sum ( ! adv]se atte/ation !re=e :i* prevail$ ) ! ,revisioni/s1 is f\nd to h be5--,codex ,b & a s+le cursive copy at ,mosc[4 ,?is does n c]ta9ly seem to ! ,review]1 7z x seem$ to ! ,revisioni/s17 8decid$ly prepond]at+ evid5ce40 ,9 8 acc\nt1 8pla9 & cle> error0 dwells ) _! ,revision4 ,b ?is may be because1--7to quote words rec5tly address$ by ! ,presid5t ( ! ,revis+ body to ! ,cl]gy & ,laity ( ! ,diocese ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol17--! 8,qu>t]ly ,review]0 is 8innoc5tly ignorant ( ! n[ e/abli%$ pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism407#ghg7 ,,lxxii4 8,x is easy10--7says ! le>n$ ,prelate1 speak+ on 8 own behalf & t ( 8 co-,revisioni/s17--8to put =? to ! _w a sweep+ condemnation ( _m ( our *anges ( read+2 & yet all ! :ile to be innoc5tly ignorant ( ! n[ e/abli%$ pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism40 ,may we v5ture to po9t out1 t x is easi] /ill to d5\nce adv]se ,criticism 9 ! lump1 in/ead ( try+ to refute x 9 any "o p>ticul>3--to ref] vaguely to 8e/abli%$ pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism10 in/ead ( /at+ :i* !y be3--to sne] contemptu\sly at endeav\rs1 7:i*1 ev5 if unsuccessful1 "o is apt to suppose are entitl$ to sympa?y at ! h&s ( a successor ( ! ,apo/les17 in/ead ( %[+ :]e9 su* ef=ts are repreh5sible8 ,we are cont5t to put ! foll[+ "q to any fair-m9d$ man3--,:e!r ( ^! two is ! m facile & culpable proce$+2--7#a7 ,lightly to blot out an inspir$ ^w f ! ,book ( ,life1 & to impose a wrong s5se on ,scripture1 z 9 ?is place ! ,bi%op & 8 colleagues are f\nd to h done3--or1 7#b7 ,to fet* ! same ^w indu/ri\sly back3 to e/abli% its mean+ by dilig5t & labori\s enquiry3 to re/ore bo? to _! rightful hon\rs3 & to set !m on a basis ( 7hi!rto unobs]v$7 evid5ce1 f :i* 7faxit ,,deus67 x w be f\nd impossible h5ce=? to dislodge !m8 ,?is only w ! ,review] add1--,t if x be inde$ "o ( ! 8n[ e/abli%$ pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism10 t ! evid5ce ( two manuscripts &-a-half outweighs ! evid5ce ( 7#a7 ,all ! rema9+ #iig-1--7b7 ,! :ole body ( ! ,v]sions1--7#c7 ,e ,fa!r :o quotes ! place1 f ,a4,d4 #baj to ,a4,d4 #ajgj1--;& 7#d7 ,! /ronge/ possible int]nal ,evid5ce3--if all ?is inde$ be s1--he dev\tly tru/s t he may be p]mitt$ to reta9 8 8,innoc5ce0 to ! la/2 & 9 8 8,ignorance10 :5 ! days ( 8 w>f>e are end$1 to close 8 eyes 9 dea?4--,& n[ to proce$4 ,,lxxiii4 ,! ,nemesis ( ,sup]/ition & ,idolatry is ev] ! same4 ,phantoms ( ! imag9ation h5ce=? usurp ! place ( sub/antial =ms4 ,int]m9able d\bt1--wret*$ misbelief1--*ildi% cr$ulity1--judicial bl9dness1--are ! inevitable sequel & p5alty4 ,! m9d t has long all[$ itself 9 a sy/ematic trifl+ ) ,evid5ce1 is obs]v$ to fall ! easie/ prey to ,impo/ure4 ,x has d\bt$ :at is demon/rably true3 has reject$ :at is indubitably ,div9e4 ,h5ce=?1 x is obs]v$ to mi/ake its own fanta/ic creations = hi/orical facts3 to believe ?+s :i* re/ on insuffici5t evid5ce1 or on no evid5ce at all4 ,?us1 ^! le>n$ ,pr(essors1--:o condemn ! 8la/ ,twelve ,v]ses ( ! ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,m>k20 :i* h be5 acc\nt$ v]itable ,scripture by ! ,*ur* ,univ]sal = m ?an #ahjj ye>s2--nev]!less accept z ! g5u9e 8,diatess>on ( ,tatian0 ,a4,d4 #agj1 a production :i* 0 discov]$ ye/]day1 & :i* does n ev5 claim to be ! "w ( t primitive writ]47#ghh7 ,yes1 ! ,nemesis ( ,sup]/ition & ,idolatry is ev] ! same4 ,g5]al mi/ru/ ( all evid5ce is ! sure result4 ,9 #ahgj1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort solemnly assur$ _! bro!r-,revisioni/s t 8! preval5t assumption t ?r\gh\t ! ,n4 ,t4 ! true ,text is to be f\nd some:]e among record$ ,read+s1 does n /& ! te/ ( exp]i5ce40 ,!y are evid5tly /ill haunt$ by ! same spectral suspicion4 ,!y inv5t a gho/ to be exorcis$ 9 e d>k corn]4 ,accord+ly1 ,dr4 ,hort fav\rs u ) a *apt] on ! ,art ( 8remov+ ,corruptions ( ! sacr$ ,text antec$5t to extant docum5ts0 7p4 #ga74 ,we are n surpris$ 7?\gh we are a little amus$7 to he> t1-- 8,! ,art ( ,conjectural ,em5dation dep5ds = its success s mu* on p]sonal end[m5ts1 f]tility ( res\rce 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & ev5 m an appreciation ( language too delicate to acquiesce 9 m]ely plausible corrections1 t x is easy to =get its true "* z a critical op]ation f\nd$ on k & me?od40--7p4 #ga47 ,,lxxiv4 ,v 8easy10 c]ta9ly4 ,"o sample ( ,dr4 ,hort's skill 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 7x occurs at page #ace ( 8 ,notes on ,select ,read+s17 %all be cit$ 9 illu/ration4 ,we v5ture to comm5d x to ! att5tion ( our ,read]s3-- 7a7 ,s4 ,paul #b ,tim4 i4 #ac exhorts ,timo?y1 7:om he _h set z ,bp4 ov] ! ,*ur* ( ,ephesus17 to 8hold fa/0 a c]ta9 8=m0 or 8patt]n0 77 8( s\nd words1 :i*0 7said he7 8?\ ha/ he>d ( me40 ,! flexibility & delicate precision ( ! ,greek language enables ! ,apo/le to indicate exactly :at 0 ! prime object ( 8 solicitude4 ,x proves to h be5 ! safety ( ! v words :i* he _h syllabl$1 7 74 ,z le>n$ ,bp4 ,bev]idge well po9ts out1--8:i* words1 n :i* =m1 ?\ ha/ he>d ( me4 ,s t x is n s mu* ! =m1 z ! words !mselves1 :i* ! ,apo/le w\ld h him to hold fa/407#ghi7 ,all ?is h[ev] proves abhorr5t to ,dr4 ,hort4 8,?is s5se0 7says ! le>n$ ,pr(essor7 8_c be obta9$ f ! text except by treat+ z put 9 ! g5itive by an unusual & inexplicable attraction4 ,x seems m probable t is a primitive corruption ( aft] 40 ,n[1 ?is is q impossible1 s9ce nei!r nor occurs any:]e 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,& z = ! suppos$ 8unusual & inexplicable attraction10 x happ5s to be "o ( ev5 common occurr5ce1--z e att5tive read] ( ! ,new ,te/am5t is aw>e4 ,examples ( x may be se5 at #b ,cor4 i4 #d & ,ephes4 iv4 #a1--;also 79 ,dr4 ,hort's text (7 ,ephes4 i4 #f 7 9 all #c places74 ,aga91 9 ,s4 ,luke v4 #i 7:e!r or is read73 & vi4 #ch 773--9 ,s4 ,jo4 xv4 #bj 773--& xvii4 #aa 773 9 ,acts ii4 #bb 773 vii4 #ag 77 & #de 773 9 xxii4 #ae 771c4444 ,b :y ent]ta9 ! "q8 ,!re is absolutely no room = su* ,criticism 9 respect ( a read+ :i* is f\nd 9 e kn[n ,,ms41--9 e kn[n ,v]sion1--9 e ,fa!r :o quotes ! place3 a read+ :i* ,div9es1 & ,s*ol>s :o 7 n ,div9es1--,critics ( ! ,text1 & gramm>ians :o 7 )\t prepossessions conc]n+ ,scripture1--,editors ( ! ,greek & ,translators ( ! ,greek into o!r languages1--all alike h acquiesc$ 91 f ! beg9n+ until n[4 ,we v5ture to ass]t t x is absolutely unlawful1 9 ! entire abs5ce ( evid5ce1 to call su* a read+ z ! pres5t 9 "q4 ,!re is absolutely no safegu>d = ,scripture--no limit to ,controv]sy--if a place l ?is may be solicit$ at ! m]e sugge/ion ( individual caprice4 7,= x is wor? obs]v+ t on ?is1 & simil> occasions1 ,dr4 ,hort is =sak5 by ,dr4 ,we/cott4 ,su* notes are enclos$ 9 brackets1 & subscrib$ 8,h407 ,9 ! meantime1 :o c =be> smil+ at ! self-complac5cy ( a ,critic :o puts =? rem>ks l ^? :i* prec$e2 & yet congratulates himself on 8p]sonal end[m5ts1 f]tility ( res\rce1 & a too delicate appreciation ( language08 7b7 ,ano!r specim5 ( conjectural extravagance occurs at ,s4 ,john vi4 #d1 :]e ,dr4 ,hort lab\rs to ?r[ suspicion on 8! ,passov]0 7 71--9 defiance ( e kn[n ,manuscript1--e kn[n ,v]sion1--& e ,fa!r :o quotes or recognizes ! place47#gij7 ,we f9d n9e columns devot$ to 8 v9dication ( ?is weak imag9ation2 al?\gh s p>tial are 8 ,notes1 t c\ntless 8v>i\s ,read+s0 ( great int]e/ & importance are left :olly undiscuss$4 ,nay1 sometimes entire ,epi/les are dismiss$ ) a s+le weak annotation 7e4g4 #a & #b ,!ssalonians71--or ) none1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,epi/le to ! ,philippians4 7c7 ,we *>itably presume t x is 9 ord] to make am5ds = hav+ conjecturally ?ru/ out f ,s4 ,john vi4 #d1--t ,dr4 ,hort is = conjecturally ?ru/+ into ,acts xx4 #bh1 7aft] 71--an imag9ation to :i* he devotes a column &-a-half1 b = :i* he is n able to produce a p>ticle ( evid5ce4 ,x w\ld result 9 our read+1 8to fe$ ! ,*ur* ( ,,god1 :i* ,he pur*as$0--7n 8) ,8 own blood10 b7--8) ! blood ( ,8 own ,,son30 :i* has evid5tly be5 sugge/$ by no?+ s mu* z by ! suppos$ necessity ( gett+ rid ( a text :i* unequivocally ass]ts t ,,*ri/ is ,,god47#gia7 ,,lxxv4 ,"s w be *iefly /ruck by ! conceit & presumption ( su* sugge/ions z ! =ego+4 ,a yet l>g] numb]1 z we believe1 w be a/oni%$ by _! ess5tial fooli%ness4 ,= ourselves1 :at surprises u mo/ is ! fatal misappreh5sion !y ev9ce ( ! true (fice ( ,textual ,criticism z appli$ to ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,x nev] is to inv5t new ,read+s1 b only to adjudicate betwe5 exi/+ & conflict+ ones4 ,he :o seeks to ?ru/ out 8,,! ,,passov]0 f ,s4 ,john vi4 #d1 7:]e x may on no acc\nt be disp5s$ )7#gib772 & to ?ru/ 8,,! ,,son0 into ,acts xx4 #bh1 7:]e ,8 ,"n _c /& )\t evacuat+ a gr& ,!ological /atem5t72--w d well to consid] :e!r he does n br+ himself directly "u ! awful mal$iction ) :i* ! belov$ ,disciple concludes & seals up ! ,canon ( ,scripture3--8,i te/ify unto e man t he>e? ! words ( ! prophecy ( ?is ,book1--,if any man %all add unto ^! ?+s1 ,,god %all add unto him ! plagues t are writt5 9 ?is ,book4 ,& if any man %all take away f ! words ( ! ,book ( ?is prophecy1 ,,god %all take away 8 "p out ( ! ,book ( ,life1 & out ( ! holy ,city1 & f ! ?+s :i* are writt5 9 ?is ,book407#gic7 ,may we be all[$ to assure ,dr4 ,hort t 8,,conjectural ,,em5dation0 ,,c ,,be ,,all[$ ,,no ,,place ,,:atev] ,,9 ,,! ,,textual ,,criticism ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t8 ,he w no d\bt disreg>d our c\nsel4 ,may ,dr4 ,scriv5] !n p4 #dcc be p]mitt$ to rem9d him t 8x is n[ agre$ among compet5t judges t ,conjectural em5dation mu/ nev] be resort$ to1--ev5 9 passages ( ackn[l$g$ difficulty08 ,!re is 9 fact no ne$ = x1--nor c be3 s v ample1 z well z s v v>i$1 is ! evid5ce = ! words ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,,lxxvi4 ,"h h[ev] we regret to f9d we h bo? ,editors aga9/ u4 ,!y propose 8! def9ite "q10-- 8 #8,are !re1 z a matt] ( fact1 places 9 :i* we are con/ra9$ by ov]:elm+ evid5ce to recognize ! exi/5ce ( ,textual error 9 all extant docum5ts8' ,to ?is "q we h no hesitation 9 reply+ 9 ! affirmative40--7p4 #bgi47 ,behold !n ! delib]ate s5t5ce ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,!y flatt] !mselves t !y are able to produce 8ov]:elm+ evid5ce0 9 pro( t !re are places :]e e extant docum5t is 9 error4 ,! in/ance on :i* !y bo? rely1 is ,s4 ,pet]'s prophetic ann\ncem5t 7#b ,pet4 iii4 #aj71 t 9 8! day ( ! ,,"l10 8! e>? & ! works t are !re9 %all be burn$ up0 774 ,?is /atem5t is f\nd to h be5 gloss$ or p>aphras$ 9 an age :5 m5 knew no bett]4 ,?us1 ,cod4 ,c sub/itutes--8%all vani% away307#gid7 ! ,syriac & "o ,egyptian v]sion1--8%all n be f\nd10 7app>5tly 9 imitation ( ,rev4 xvi4 #bj74 ,b1 ei!r because ! 8n0 0 accid5tally omitt$7#gie7 9 "s v anci5t exempl>2--or else because x 0 deem$ a sup]fluity by "s ,occid5tal critic :o 9 8 simplicity suppos$ t might well repres5t ! ,lat9 ur]5tur1--7some:at z ,mrs4 ,quickly w>rant$ 8hang hog0 to be ,lat9 = 8bacon107--codices & ,b 7) f\r o!rs ( lat] date7 exhibit 8%all be f\nd107#gif7--:i* obvi\sly makes utt] nons5se ( ! place4 7 appe>s1 nev]!less1 9 ,dr4 ,hort's text3 9 consequ5ce ( :i*1 ! m>g9 ( our 8,revis$ ,v]sion0 is disfigur$ ) ! /atem5t t 8,! mo/ anci5t manuscripts read discov]$407 ,b :at is !re 9 all ?is to make "o di/ru/ ! ,traditional read+8--support$ z x is by ! :ole mass ( ,copies3 by ! ,lat917#gig7--! ,coptic1--! ,h>kleian1--& ! ?iopic ,v]sions3--besides ! only ,fa!rs :o quote ! place2 viz4 ,cyril sev5 times17#gih7 & ,john ,damasc5e7#gii7 once8444 ,z = pret5d+1 at ! end ( ! =ego+ enquiry1 t 8we are con/ra9$ by ov]:elm+ evid5ce to recognize ! exi/5ce ( textual error 9 all extant docum5ts10--x is evid5tly a mi/ake4 ,no?+ else is x b a mis/atem5t ( facts4 ,,lxxvii4 ,& ?us1 9 ! entire abs5ce ( pro(1 ,dr4 ,hort's view ( 8! exi/5ce ( corruptions0 ( ! ,text 8antec$5t to all exi/+ au?ority107#hjj7--;falls to ! gr\nd4 ,8 confid5t pr$iction1 t su* corruptions 8w soon] or lat] h to be ackn[l$g$10 may be dismiss$ ) a smile4 ,s indiff]5t an int]pret] ( ! ,pa/ may n presume to =eca/ ! ,future4 ,! "o 8matt] ( fact10 :i* at e /ep m & m impresses an att5tive /ud5t ( ! ,text ( ,scripture1 is1--7#a/71 ,! utt]ly deprav$ "* ( ,codices ,b & 3 & 7#bnd71 ,! s+ul> infatuation ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 9 insi/+ t ^? #b ,codices 8/& alone 9 _! almo/ complete immunity f error307#hja7--t 8! fulle/ comp>ison does b increase ! conviction t _! pre-em95t relative purity is approximately absolute407#hjb7 ,,lxxviii4 ,:5ce is x1--7we h (t5 ask$ ourselves ! "q1 :ile /udy+ ^! labori\s pages17--,h[ does x happ5 t a s*ol> l ,dr4 ,hort1 evid5tly accompli%$ & able1 %\ld habitually mi/ake ! creations ( 8 own bra9 = mat]ial =ms8 ! e*oes ( 8 own voice :ile hold+ colloquy ) himself1 = oracul> responses8 ,we h n hi!rto express$ our a/oni%m5t1--b mu/ d s n[ be=e we make an end1--t a writ] :o desires to conv9ce1 c suppose t 8 own arbitr>y use ( su* expressions z 8,pre-,syrian0 & 8,neutral10--8,we/]n0 & 8,alex&rian10--8,non-,we/]n0 & 8,non-,alex&rian10--8,non-,alex&rian ,pre-,syrian0 & 8,pre-,syrian ,non-,we/]n10--w produce any 7except an irritat+7 effect on ! m9d ( an intellig5t read]4 ,! delusion ( suppos+ t by ! free use ( su* a vocabul>y a ,critic may disp5se ) ! ord9>y processes ( logical pro(1 might possibly h its beg9n+ 9 ! retirem5t ( ! cloi/]1 :]e !re are few to li/5 & none to contradict3 b x c only prove abid+ if !re has be5 no free v5tilation ( ! individual fancy4 ,greatly is x to be regrett$ t in/ead ( keep+ 8 ,text a pr(\nd secret = #cj ye>s1 ,dr4 ,hort did n freely imp>t x to ! public1 & solicit ! fav\r ( c&id criticism4 ,has no fri5d ev] rem9d$ him t ass]tions conc]n+ ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( a 8,syrian0 or a 8,pre-,syrian10 a 8,we/]n0 or a 8,non-,we/]n elem5t10 are b w9d1--! m]e/ *aff & draff1--ap>t f pro(8 ,repeat$ ad nauseam1 & employ$ ) z mu* p]emptory precision z if !y 7 recogniz$ t]ms connot+ di/9ct classes ( ,read+s1--7:]eas !y are absolutely )\t significancy1 except1 let u *>itably hope1 to him :o employs !m72--su* expressions w\ld only be all[able on ! "p ( ! ,critic1 if he _h fir/ be5 at ! pa9s to index e pr9cipal ,fa!r1--& to r$uce ,texts to families by a labori\s process ( ,induction4 ,else1 !y are worse ?an fooli%4 ,m ?an an imp]t95ce are !y4 ,!y bewild]1 & mislead1 & = a :ile encumb] & block ! way4 ,,lxxix4 ,?is is n all h[ev]4 ,ev5 :5 ^! ,editors notice ho/ile evid5ce1 !y d s aft] a fa%ion :i* c satisfy no "o b !mselves4 ,take = example _! note on ! ^w 78)\t a cause07 9 ,s4 ,mat!w v4 #bb 78,b ,i say unto y1 t :osoev] is angry ) 8 bro!r )\t a cause074 ,! ,read]'s att5tion is specially invit$ to ! treatm5t :i* ?is place has exp]i5c$ at ! h&s ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort3-- 7a7 ,!y unc]emoni\sly eject ! ^w f ,s4 ,mat!w's ,gospel ) _! oracul> s5t5ce1 8,we/]n & ,syrian40--,aw>e t is recogniz$ by 8,ir54 lat-#c2 ,eus4 ,d4 ,e4 ,cyp410 !y yet claim = omitt+ x ! au?ority ( 8,j4 ,ptolem4 78 ,ir54 #bdb f9471 ,t]t42 & c]ta9ly0 7!y proce$7 8,orig4 on ,eph4 iv4 #ca1 notic+ bo? read+s1 & simil>ly ,hi]4 loc41 :o probably foll[s ,orig53 also ,a?4 ,pas*4 ,syr4 #aa3 ,ps4-,a?4 ,ca/4 ii4 #d2 & o!rs04444 ,su* is _! 8,note0 on ,s4 ,mat!w v4 #bb4 ,x is f\nd at p4 #h ( _! volume4 ,9 consequ5ce1 78)\t a cause07 disappe>s f _! ,text entirely4 7b7 ,b ^! le>n$ m5 are respectfully in=m$ t nei!r ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 nor ,ptolemu ! ,gno/ic1 nor ,ir5u1 no1 nor ,t]tullian ei!r1--t n "o ( ^! f\r writ]s1--supplies ! wi%$-= evid5ce4 ,z = ,orig51--!y are assur$ t he--n 8probably0 b c]ta9ly--is ! cause ( all ! tr\ble4 ,!y are rem9d$ t ,a?anasius7#hjc7 quotes 7n ,s4 ,matt4 v4 #bb1 b7 #a ,jo4 iii4 #ae4 ,!y are %[n t :at !y call 8ps4-,a?4 ,ca/40 is no?+ else b a p>aphra/ic translation 7by ,grculus quidam7 ( ,john ,cassian's ,in/itutes1--8ii4 #d0 9 ! ,greek repres5t+ viii4 #bj 9 ! ,lat94444 ,& n[1 h[ mu* ( ! adv]se ,evid5ce rema9s8 7c7 ,only ?is3--,j]ome's ?ree books ( ,comm5t>y on ! ,ephesians1 are1 9 ! ma91 a translation ( ,orig5's lo/ #c books on ! same ,epi/le47#hjd7 ,comm5t+ on iv4 #ca1 ,orig5 says t has be5 improp]ly add$ to ! ,text17#hje7--:i* %[s t 9 ,orig5's copy 0 f\nd !re4 ,a few anci5t writ]s 9 consequ5ce 7b only 9 consequ5ce7 ( :at ,j]ome 7or r ,orig57 ?us deliv]s1 are obs]v$ to omit 47#hjf7 ,t is all6 7d7 ,may we h[ev] respectfully ask ^! le>n$ ,editors :y1 besides ,ir5u17#hjg7--;,eusebius17#hjh7--;& ,cyprian17#hji7--!y d n m5tion t is also ! read+ ( ,ju/9 ,m>tyr17#haj7--( ,orig5 himself17#haa7--( ! ,con/itutiones ,app417#hab7--( ,basil ?ree times17#hac7--( ,gregory ( ,nyssa17#had7--( ,epiphanius17#hae7--( ,ephraem ,syrus twice17#haf7--( ,isidorus twice17#hag7--( ,!odore ( ,mops41--( ,*ryso/om #ah times1--( ! ,opus imp4 twice17#hah7--( ,cyril7#hai7--;& ( ,!odoret7#hbj7--7;ea* 9 #c places74 ,x 0 also ! read+ ( ,sev]us1 ,abp4 ( ,antio*37#hba7--;z well z ( ,hil>y17#hbb7--,lucif]17#hbc7--,salvian1 7#hbd7--,phila/rius17#hbe7--;,augu/9e1 &--,j]ome17#hbf7--7;al?\gh1 :5 translat+ f ,orig51 he pron\nces aga9/ 7#hbg773--n to m5tion ,antio*us mon417#hbh7--;,j4 ,damasc5e17#hbi7--,maximus17#hcj7--,phot ius17#hca7--;,eu?ymius1--,!ophylact1--& o!rs87#hcb7444 ,we h adduc$ no less ?an ?irty anci5t witnesses4 7e7 ,our pres5t cont5tion h[ev] is b ?is1--t a ,read+ :i* is atte/$ by e uncial ,copy ( ! ,gospels except ,b & 2 by a :ole torr5t ( ,fa!rs2 by e kn[n copy ( ! old ,lat91--by all ! ,syriac1 7= ! ,pes*ito ins]ts n translates ! ^w 17--by ! ,coptic1--z well z by ! ,go?ic--& ,arm5ian v]sions2--t su* a read+ is n to be set aside by ! /upid dictum1 8,,we/]n ,,& ,,syrian40 ,by no su* me?ods w ! /udy ( ,textual ,criticism be promot$1 or any progress ev] be made 9 det]m9+ ! ,tru? ( ,scripture4 ,!re really c be no d\bt :atev]1--7t is to say1 if we are to be guid$ by anci5t ,evid5ce17--t 78)\t a cause07 0 our ,,savi\r',s actual ^w2 & t our ,revis]s h be5 "h1 z 9 s _m hundr$ o!r places1 l$ a/ray by ,dr4 ,hort4 ,s true is t say+ ( ! anci5t poet1--8,evil company do? corrupt good mann]s40 8,& if ! bl9d lead ! bl9d10--7a great] ?an ,m5&] ha? said x17--8bo? %all fall into ! dit*407#hcc7 7f7 ,9 ! meantime1 we h exhibit$ some:at 9 detail1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,annotation on 1 ,s4 ,mat?4 v4 #bb1 9 ord] to furni% our ,read]s ) at lea/ "o def9ite specim5 ( ! ,editorial skill & ,critical ability ( ^! two accompli%$ ,pr(essors4 ,_! g5]al practice1 z exhibit$ 9 ! case ( #a ,jo4 v4 #ah1 see above1 pp4 #cdg-i1 is to tamp] ) ! sacr$ ,text1 )\t assign+ _! au?ority1--inde$1 )\t (f]+ apology ( any k9d4 7g7 ,! sum ( ! matt] proves to be z foll[s3 ,codd4 ,b & 7! 8two false ,witnesses071--,b & 1 alone ( ,,mss4--omit 4 ,on ! /r5g? ( ?is1 ,dr4 ,hort p]suad$ 8 fell[ ,revis]s to omit 8)\t a cause0 f _! ,revis$ ,v]sion3 & x is propos$1 9 consequ5ce1 t e ,engli%man's copy ( ,s4 ,mat!w v4 #bb %all be mutilat$ 9 ! same way = ev]4444 ,delirant reges1 plectuntur ,a*ivi4 7h7 ,b ! "q arises--,w ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& submit to h h] immemorial h]itage ?us fil*$ f h]8 ,we %all be a/oni%$ inde$ if %e proves s reg>dless ( h] bir?right4 ,,lxxx4 ,la/ly1 ! intellectual habits ( ^! ,editors h l$ !m s to h&le evid5ce1 t ! s5se ( proportion seems to h =sak5 !m4 8,he :o has long pond]$ ov] a tra9 ( ,reason+10--7rem>ks ! eld] ,critic17--8becomes unable to detect its weak po9ts407#hcd7 ,yes1 ! 8idols ( ! d50 ex]cise at la/ a t]rible asc5d5cy ov] ! ,critical judgm5t4 ,x argues an utt] want ( m5tal p]spective1 :5 we f9d 8! ,man work+ on ! ,sabba?10 put on ! same foot+ ) 8! ,woman tak5 9 ,adult]y10 & conjectur$ to h 8come f ! same s\rce30--! incid5t ( 8! ,angel tr\bl+ ! pool ( ,be!sda0 dismiss$1 z hav+ 8no claim to any k9d ( association ) ! true ,text307#hce7--;& 8! two ,supplem5ts0 to ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel decl>$ to 8/& on equal t]ms z indep5d5t attempts to fill up a gap20 & all[$ to be possibly 8( equal antiquity407#hcf7 ,h[ c we wond]1 aft] ?is1 to f9d any?+ omitt$1--any?+ ins]t$1--any?+ br&$ ) suspicion8 ,& ! br& is v freely appli$ by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,_! notion ( ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 is c]ta9ly ! mo/ extraord9>y ev] v5tilat$4 ,x has at lea/ ! m]it ( entire orig9ality4 ,:ile !y eag]ly insi/ t _m a passage is b 8a ,we/]n int]polation0 aft] all2 is b an 8,evangelic ,tradition10 8rescu$ f oblivion by ! ,scribes ( ! second c5tury20--!y yet incorporate ^? passages ) ! ,gospel4 ,c>eful en\gh to clap !m into fett]s fir/1 !y !n1 7to use _! own que] phrase17--8provisionally associate !m ) ! ,text40 ,,lxxxi4 ,we submit1 on ! contr>y1 t ,editors :o 8_c d\bt0 t a c]ta9 v]se 8comes f an extrane\s s\rce10--8d n believe t x belong$ orig9ally to ! ,book 9 :i* x is n[ includ$10--are unreasonable if !y proce$ to assign to x any actual place !re at all4 ,:5 m5 h once ?or\ghly conv9c$ !mselves t two ,v]ses ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel are n ,scripture1 b 8only a fragm5t f ! ,traditions1 writt5 or oral1 :i* 7 = a :ile locally curr5t207#hcg7--:at else is x b ! m]e/ trifl+ ) sacr$ ,tru?1 to promote ^? two v]ses to a place 9 ! inspir$ context8 ,is x n to be fe>$1 t ! consci\s introduction ( human ,tradition into ,,god',s writt5 ,^w w 9 ! end de/roy ! s\l's confid5ce 9 ,scripture itself8 op5+ ! door = p]plexity1 & d\bt1 & pres5tly = ,unbelief itself to ent]4 ,,lxxxii4 ,& let u n be told t ! ,v]ses /& !re 8provisionally0 only2 & = t reason are 8enclos$ )9 d\ble brackets40 ,suspect$ felons are 8provisionally0 lock$ up1 x is true3 b aft] trial1 !y are ei!r convict$ & remov$ out ( sight2 or else !y are acquitt$ & suff]$ to come abroad l o!r m54 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h no "r at ! end ( ?irty ye>s ( inve/igation1 /ill to encumb] ! ,evangeli/s ) 8provisional0 fett]s4 ,^? fett]s ei!r signify t ! ,judge is afraid to c>ry out 8 own righte\s s5t5ce3 or else1 t he ent]ta9s a secret suspicion t he has made a t]rible mi/ake aft] all1--has condemn$ ! innoc5t4 ,let ^! e/eem$ ,s*ol>s at lea/ h 8! c\rage ( _! own convictions10 & be ?r\gh\t z consi/5t z1 9 two fam\s in/ances 7viz4 at pages #aac & #bda71 !y h be54 ,else1 9 ,,god',s ,"n1 let !m h ! manl9ess to av[ !mselves 9 error3 abjure _! 2 & ca/ ! fanta/ic ,!ory1 :i* !y h s indu/ri\sly re>$ ^u x1 unres]v$ly1 to ! w9ds6 ,,lxxxiii4 ,to conclude4--,x w be ! abid+ di/9ction ( ! ,revis$ ,v]sion 7?anks to ,dr4 ,hort17 t x br\ght to ! front a "q :i* has slept = ab\t #ajj ye>s2 b :i* may n be suff]$ n[ to re/ undi/urb$ any long]4 ,x might h slumb]$ on = ano!r half-c5tury1--a subject ( deep int]e/ to a v little b& ( ,div9es & ,s*ol>s2 ( p]plexity & di/ru/ to all ! ,_w besides2--b = ! incid5t :i* w make ! #ag? ( ,may1 #ahha1 = ev] memorable 9 ! ,annals ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,,lxxxiv4 ,! ,publication on t day ( ! 8,revis$ ,engli% ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t0 in/antly conc5trat$ public att5tion on ! neglect$ problem3 = m5 saw at a glance t ! ,traditional ,text ( #aecj ye>s' /&+1--7! exact numb] is ,dr4 ,hort's1 n ours17--_h be5 unc]emoni\sly set aside 9 fav\r ( an entirely diff]5t ,rec5sion4 ,! true ,au?ors ( ! mis*ief 7 n f> to seek4 ,j five days be=e1--"u ! editor%ip ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 7,revisioni/s !mselves17--_h appe>$ ! mo/ extravagant ,text :i* has se5 ! light s9ce ! inv5tion ( ,pr9t+4 ,no secret 0 made ( ! fact t1 "u pl$ges ( /ricte/ secrecy17#hch7 a copy ( ?is wild p]=mance 7m>k$ 8,confid5tial07 _h be5 entru/$ to e memb] ( ! ,revis+ body3 & x has s9ce transpir$ t ,dr4 ,hort advocat$ 8 own peculi> views 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] ) s mu* volubility1 eag]ness1 p]t9acity1 & plausibility1 t 9 ! end--not)/&+ ! w>n+s1 remon/rances1 entreaties ( ,dr4 ,scriv5]1--8 c\nsels prevail$2 &--! utt] %ipwreck ( ! 8,revis$ ,v]sion0 has be51 7z might h be5 confid5tly pr$ict$17 ! disa/r\s consequ5ce4 ,dr4 ,hort is calculat$ to h talk$ = ?ree ye>s out ( ! t54 ,b 9 ! meantime !re has aris5 ?is good out ( ! calamity1--namely1 t m5 w at la/ require t ! ,textual problem %all be fairly ?re%$ out4 ,!y w insi/ on hav+ x prov$ to _! satisfaction1--7#a7 ,t ,codices ,b & are inde$ ! oracul> docum5ts :i* _! admir]s pret5d2 &--7#b7 ,t a n>r[ selection ( anci5t docum5ts is a secure f\ndation on :i* to build ! ,text ( ,scripture4 ,fail+ ?is1--7& ! onus prob&i re/s :olly ) ^? :o are = sett+ aside ! ,traditional ,text 9 fav\r ( ano!r1 entirely dissimil> 9 "*17--fail+ ?is1 we say1 x is reasonable to hope t ! c\nsels ( ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review0 w be suff]$ to prevail4 ,9 ! meantime1 we repeat t ?is "q has n[ to be f\ght out3 = to ignore x any long] is impossible4 ,compromise ( any sort betwe5 ! two conflict+ p>ties1 is impossible also2 = !y simply contradict "o ano!r4 ,codd4 ,b & are ei!r among ! pure/ ( manuscripts1--or else !y are among ! v f\le/4 ,! ,text ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort is ei!r ! v be/ :i* has ev] appe>$1--or else x is ! v wor/2 ! ne>e/ to ! sacr$ ,autographs1--or ! fur!/ f !m4 ,!re is no room = bo? op9ions2 & !re _c exi/ any middle view4 ,! "q w h to be f\ght out2 & x mu/ be f\ght out fairly4 ,x may n be magi/]ially settl$2 b mu/ be advocat$1 on ei!r side1 by ! old logical me?od4 ,if ,cont95tal ,s*ol>s jo9 9 ! fray1 ,engl&1--:i* 9 ! la/ c5tury took ! lead 9 ^! /udies1--w1 x is to be hop$1 ma9ta9 h] anci5t reputation & aga9 occupy ! front rank4 ,! combatants may be sure t1 9 consequ5ce ( all t has happ5$1 ! public w be no long] indiff]5t spectators ( ! fray2 = ! issue conc]ns ! inn] life ( ! :ole community1--t\*es m5's v he>t ( he>ts4 ,c]ta9 x is t--8,,god def5d ! ,"r60 w be ! "o aspiration ( e fai?ful _s among u4 ,,! ,,tru?1--7we av[ x on behalf ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort z eag]ly z on our own behalf17--,,god',s ,,tru? w be1 z x has be5 ?r\gh\t1 ! "o object ( all our /riv+4 1 4 99,i ,,h ,,be5 ,,v ,,jeal\s ,,= ,,! ,,"l ,,god ,,( ,,ho/s499 ,,lett] ,,to ,,bi%op ,,ellicott1 ,,9 ,,reply ,,to ,,8 ,,pamphlet4 8,no?+ is m satisfactory at ! pres5t "t ?an ! evid5t feel+s ( v5]ation = our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 & ! v g5]ally-felt desire = z little *ange z possible40--,,bi%op ,,ellicott47#hci7 8,we may be satisfi$ ) ! attempt to correct pla9 & cle> errors1 b !re x is our duty to /op40--,,bi%op ,,ellicott47#hdj7 8,we h n[1 at all ev5ts1 no fe> ( an ov]-correct$ ,v]sion40--,,bi%op ,,ellicott47#hda7 8,i fe> we mu/ say 9 c&\r t 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion we meet 9 e page ) small *anges1 :i* are vexati\s1 teas+1 & irritat+1 ev5 ! m s because !y are small2 :i* seem almo/ to be made = ! sake ( *ange40--,,bi%op ,,wordswor?47#hdb7 ,! "q arises1--8,:e!r ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1--:i* 9 h] ,synod1 s f> z ?is ,prov9ce is conc]n$1 sanction$ a ,revision ( h] ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion "u ! express condition1 :i* %e mo/ wisely impos$1 t no ,*anges %\ld be made 9 x except :at 7 absolutely necess>y1--c\ld consi/5tly accept a ,v]sion 9 :i* #cf1jjj *anges h be5 made2 n a fiftie? ( :i* c be %[n to be ne$$1 or ev5 desirable40--,,bi%op ,,wordswor?47#hdc7 ,lett] ,to ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,*>les ,john ,ellicott1 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ,( ,gl\ce/] ,& ,bri/ol1 ,9 ,reply ,to ,8 ,pamphlet ,9 ,def5ce ,( ,! ,revis]s ,& ,_! ,greek ,text ,( ,! ,new ,te/am5t4 8,,:at ,,c\rse ,,w\ld ,,revis]s ,,h ,,u ,,to ,,foll[8444 ,,w\ld ,,x ,,be ,,well ,,= ,,!m ,,to ,,agree ,,on ,a ,,critical ,,greek ,,text8 ,,to ,,?is ,,"q ,,we ,,v5ture ,,to ,,answ] ,,v ,,unhesitat+ly ,,9 ,,! ,,negative4 8,,?\gh ,,we ,,h ,,mu* ,,critical ,,mat]ial1 ,,& ,a ,,v ,,fair ,,am\nt ,,( ,,critical ,,k1 ,,we ,,h ,,c]ta9ly ,,n ,,yet ,,acquir$ ,,suffici5t ,,critical ,,judgm5t ,,= ,,any ,,body ,,( ,,revis]s ,,hopefully ,,to ,,und]take ,,su* ,a ,,"w ,,z ,,?is40 ,,bi%op ,,ellicott47#hdd7 ,,my ,,"l ,,bi%op1 ,la/ ,may1 y publi%$ a pamphlet ( sev5ty-n9e pages7#hde7 9 v9dication ( ! ,greek ,text rec5tly put =? by ! ,new ,te/am5t ,company ( ,revis]s4 ,x 0 7y said7 y\r ,answ] to ! fir/ & second ( my ,articles 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review37#hdf7--;all ?ree ( :i*1 correct$ & enl>g$1 are n[ submitt$ to ! public = ! second "t4 ,see above1 f page #a to page #cfg4 #a ,prelim9>y ,/atem5t4 ,y may be q sure t ,i exam9$ y\r pamphlet z soon z x appe>$1 ) att5tion4 ,i h s9ce read x ?r\gh sev]al times3 &--,i mu/ add--) ev]-increas+ a/oni%m5t4 ,fir/1 because x is s evid5tly ! production ( "o :o has nev] made ,textual ,criticism s]i\sly 8 /udy4 ,next1 because y\r pamphlet is no refutation :atev] ( my two ,articles4 ,y fl\t me3 y scold me3 y lecture me4 ,b ,i d n f9d t y ev] answ] me4 ,y reproduce ! !ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1--:i* ,i claim to h demoli%$47#hdg7 ,y seek to put me d[n by fl\ri%+ 9 my face ! decrees ( ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1--:i*1 z y are well aw>e1 ,i entirely disall[4 ,d5unciation1 my "l ,bi%op1 is n ,argum5t2 nei!r is ,reit]ation1 ,pro(4 ,& !n1--,:y d y impute to me op9ions :i* ,i d n hold8 & *>ge me ) a me?od ( proc$ure ( :i* ,i h nev] be5 guilty8 ,above all1 :y d y seek to prejudice ! "q at issue betwe5 u by import+ irrelevant matt] :i* c only impose ^u ! ignorant & mislead ! unw>y8 ,=give my pla9ness1 b really y are s conspicu\sly unfair1--& at ! same "t s manife/ly unacqua9t$1 7except at second-h& & only 9 an elem5t>y way17 ) ! po9ts actually "u discussion1--t1 7 x n = ! adv5titi\s importance atta*+ to any utt]ance ( y\rs1 delib]ately put =? at ?is "t z ,*airman ( ! ,new ,te/am5t body ( ,revis]s1 ,i %\ld h tak5 no notice ( y\r pamphlet4 #b ,! ,bi%op's pamphlet 0 anticipat$ & effectually dispos$ (1 ?ree weeks be=e x appe>$1 by ! ,review]'s ,?ird ,article4 ,i am b\nd1 at ! same "t1 to ackn[l$ge t y h be5 s+ul>ly unlucky4 ,:ile y 7 p5n+ y\r ,def5ce1 7namely1 ?r\gh\t ! fir/ f\r mon?s ( #ahhb17 ,i 0 mak+ a fatal inroad into y\r position1 by %[+ h[ utt]ly )\t f\ndation is ! 8,textual ,!ory0 to :i* y & y\r co-,revis]s h be5 s ra% z to commit y\rselves47#hdh7 ,?is fact ,i f9d duly recogniz$ 9 y\r 8,po/script40 8,s9ce ! =ego+ pages 7 9 pr9t0 7y say17 8a ?ird article has appe>$ 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review1 entitl$ #8,we/cott & ,hort's ,textual ,!ory4' 07#hdi7 ,yes4 ,i came be=e ! public on ! #af? ( ,april2 y on ! #d? ( ,may1 #ahhb4 ,9 ?is way1 y\r pamphlet 0 anticipat$1--_h 9 fact be5 fully dispos$ (1 ?ree weeks be=e x appe>$4 8,! ,review]10 7y compla9 at page #d17 8c5sures _! ,we/cott & ,hort's ,text3 9 nei!r ,article has he attempt$ a s]i\s exam9ation ( ! argum5ts :i* !y allege 9 its support40 ,b1 7z expla9$17 ! 8s]i\s exam9ation0 :i* y reproa* me ) hav+ hi!rto fail$ to produce1--_h be5 already ?ree weeks 9 ! h&s ( read]s ( ! ,qu>t]ly be=e y\r pamphlet saw ! light4 ,y w\ld1 9 consequ5ce1 h be/ consult$ y\r own reputation1 ,i am p]suad$1 _h y in/antly recall$ & suppress$ y\r pr9t$ %eets4 ,:at1 at all ev5ts1 y c h possibly meant1 :ile publi%+ !m1 by add+ 79 y\r 8,po/script0 at page #gi17--8;,9 ?is controv]sy x is n = u to int]pose30 & aga91--8,we f9d no?+ 9 ! ,review]'s ?ird article to require fur!r answ] f u30--passes my compreh5sion2 see+ t y\r pamphlet 7page #aa to page #bi7 is an elaborate av[al t y h made ,we/cott & ,hort's !ory entirely y\r own4 ,! ,editor ( ! ,speak]'s ,comm5t>y1 ,i obs]ve1 takes precisely ! same view ( y\r position4 8,! two ,revis]s0 7says ,canon ,cook7 8actually add a ,po/script to _! pamphlet ( a s+le %ort page notic+ _! unexpect$ anticipation by ! ?ird ,qu>t]ly ,review article2 ) ! rem>k t #89 ?is controv]sy 7betwe5 ,we/cott & ,hort & ! ,review]7 x is n = u to int]f]e3'--z if ,we/cott & ,hort's !ory ( ,greek ,revision c\ld be refut$1 or s]i\sly damag$1 )\t cutt+ ! gr\nd f "u ! ,committee ( ,revis]s on ! :ole ( ?is subject407#hej7 #c ,bp4 ,ellicott remon/rat$ ) = 8 unfair me?od ( proc$ure4 ,i %\ld ent] at once on an exam9ation ( y\r ,reply1 b t ,i am con/ra9$ at ! outset to remon/rate ) y on ! exce$+ unfairness ( y\r entire me?od ( proc$ure4 ,y\r bus9ess 0 to make x pla9 to ! public t y h dealt fai?fully ) ! ,deposit3 h /rictly fulfill$ ! cov5ant into :i* y ent]$ twelve ye>s ago ) ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce3 h correct$ only 8pla9 & cle> errors40 ,in/ead ( ?is1 y lab\r to enli/ vulg> prejudice aga9/ me3--p>tly1 by insi/+ t ,i am = det]m9+ disput$ ,read+s by an appeal to ! 8,textus ,receptus10--:i* 7accord+ to y7 ,i look ^u z faultless3--p>tly1 by exhibit+ me 9 disagreem5t ) ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles4 ,! irrelevancy ( ?is latt] cont5tion1--! gr\ndlessness ( ! =m]1--may n be pass$ ov] )\t a few words ( s]i\s remon/rance4 ,= ,i claim t1 9 discuss+ ! ,greek ,text1 ,i h inv>iably fill$ my pages z full ( ,au?orities = ! op9ions ,i advocate1 z ! limits ( ! page w\ld all[4 ,i may h be5 t$i\sly demon/rative sometimes3 b no "o c fairly tax me ) hav+ %runk f ! sev]e/ me?od ( evid5tial pro(4 ,to f9d myself !re=e *>g$ ) 8m]e d5unciation107#hea7--) sub/itut+ 8/rong expressions ( individual op9ion0 = 8argum5ts107#heb7--;& ) 8attempt+ to cut ! cord by reckless & unv]ifi$ ass]tions10 7p4 #be17--;a/oni%es me4 ,su* language is 9 fact ev5 ridicul\sly unfair4 ,! misrepres5tation ( :i* ,i compla9 is n only conspicu\s1 b sy/ematic4 ,x runs ?r\gh y\r :ole pamphlet3 is admitt$ by y\rself at ! close1--7viz4 at p4 #gg17--to be half ! sum ( y\r entire cont5tion4 ,besides cropp+ up repeat$ly17#hec7 x f9ds delib]ate & detail$ expression :5 y rea* ! middle ( y\r essay1--viz4 at p4 #da3 :]e1 ) ref]5ce to c]ta9 *>ges :i* ,i n only br+ aga9/ codices ,b ,c ,l1 b labori\sly sub/antiate by a free appeal to ! contempor>y evid5ce ( ,copies1 ,v]sions1 & ,fa!rs1--y v5ture to express y\rself conc]n+ me z foll[s3-- 8,to attempt to su/a9 su* *>ges by a r\gh comp>ison ( ^! anci5t au?orities ) ! ,,textus ,,receptus1 & to measure ! degree ( _! depravation by ! am\nt ( _! div]g5ce f su* a text z we h %[n ?is ,receiv$ ,text really to be1 is to trifle ) ! subject ( sacr$ ,criticism40--p4 #da4 ,y add3-- 8,until ! depravation ( ^! anci5t ,manuscripts has be5 demon/rat$ 9 a mann] m consi/5t ) ! recogniz$ pr9ciples ( ,criticism1 su* *>ges z ^? to :i* we allude mu/ be reg>d$ z expressions ( passion1 or prejudice1 & set aside by e imp>tial read] z ass]tions = :i* no adequate evid5ce has yet be5 produc$40--pp4 #da-b4 #d 7,:i* be 8! recogniz$ pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism08--a "q ask$ 9 pass+47 ,b give me leave to ask 9 pass+1--,:i*1 pray1 are 8! recogniz$ pr9ciples ( ,criticism0 to :i* y ref]8 ,i pr(ess ,i h nev] met ) !m yet2 & ,i am sure x has n be5 = want ( dilig5t enquiry4 ,y h publicly *>g$ me be=e y\r ,diocese ) be+ 8innoc5tly ignorant ( ! n[ e/abli%$ pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism407#hed7 ,b :y d y n /ate :i* ^? pr9ciples are8 ,i am surpris$4 ,y are = ev] vaunt+ 8pr9ciples :i* h be5 e/abli%$ by ! inve/igations & reason+s0 ( ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles37#hee7--8! pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism :i* are accept$ & recogniz$ by ! great majority ( mod]n ,textual ,critics307#hef7--8! pr9ciples on :i* ! ,textual ,criticism ( ! la/ fifty ye>s has be5 bas$307#heg7--;b y nev] condesc5d to expla9 :i* be ! 8pr9ciples0 y ref] to4 ,= ! la/ "t1--,:o e/abli%$ ^? 8,pr9ciples08 &1 ,:]e are !y to be se5 8e/abli%$08 ,i w be s c&id ) y z frankly to av[ t ! only two 8pr9ciples0 ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$ z held1 ) any?+ l cons5t1 by 8! mod]n ,textual ,critics0 to :om y h surr5d]$ y\r judgm5t1 are--7#a/7 ,a robu/ confid5ce 9 ! revelations ( _! own inn] consci\sness3 & 7#bndly7 ,a sup]/iti\s p>tiality = two codices writt5 9 ! uncial "*1--= :i* p>tiality !y are able to assign no intelligible reason4 ,y put ! matt] z neatly z ,i c\ld desire at page #ai ( y\r ,essay1--:]e y condemn1 ) excusable w>m?1 8^? :o adopt ! easy me?od ( us+ "s fav\rite ,manuscript10--or ( ex]cis+ 8"s suppos$ p[] ( div9+ ! orig9al ,text20--z if ^? 7 8! only necess>y ag5ts = correct+ ! ,receiv$ ,text40 ,:y ! evid5ce ( codices ,b & 1--& p]haps ! evid5ce ( ! ,v,ith-c5tury codex ,d1--78! s+ul> codex0 z y call x2 & x is c]ta9ly a v s+ul> codex inde$37--:y1 ,i say1 ! evid5ce ( ^! two or ?ree codices %\ld be ?\ght to outweigh ! evid5ce ( all o!r docum5ts 9 exi/5ce1--:e!r ,copies1 ,v]sions1 or ,fa!rs1--,i h nev] be5 able to discov]1 nor h _! admir]s ev] be5 able to tell me4 #e ,bp4 ,ellicott's & ! ,review]'s respective me?ods1 contra/$4 ,waiv+ ?is h[ev]1 7= x is beside ! po9t17 ,i v5ture to ask1--,) :at %[ ( reason c y pret5d t ,i 8su/a9 my *>ges0 aga9/ codices ,b ,c ,l1 8by a r\gh comp>ison ( ^! anci5t au?orities ) ! ,textus ,receptus087#heh7444 ,w y d5y t x is a m]e misrepres5tation ( ! pla9 facts ( ! case1 to say s8 ,h ,i n1 on ! contr>y1 on e occasion ref]r$ ,read+s 9 dispute1--! read+ ( ,b ,c ,l on ! "o h&1 ! read+ ( ! ,textus ,receptus on ! o!r1--simultane\sly to "o & ! same ext]nal /&>d8 ,h ,i n p]si/5tly enquir$ = ! v]dict--s f> z x has be5 obta9able--( ,,cons5ti5t ,,antiquity8 ,if ,i h sometimes spok5 ( c]ta9 fam\s manuscripts 7 ,b ,c ,d namely17 z exhibit+ fabricat$ ,texts1 h ,i n be5 at ! pa9s to e/abli% ! reasonabl5ess ( my ass]tion by %[+ t !y yield div]g5t1--t is contradictory1 te/imony8 ,! task ( labori\sly collat+ ! five 8old uncials0 ?r\gh\t ! ,gospels1 occupi$ me = five-&-a-half ye>s1 & tax$ me sev]ely4 ,b ,i 0 rew>d$4 ,i rose f ! inve/igation pr(\ndly conv9c$ t1 h[ev] important !y may be z in/rum5ts ( ,criticism1 codices ,b ,c ,d are among ! mo/ corrupt docum5ts extant4 ,x 0 a conviction d]iv$ f exact ,k & bas$ on solid gr\nds ( ,reason4 ,y1 my "l ,bi%op1 :o h nev] gone deeply into ! subject1 repose simply on ,prejudice4 ,nev] hav+ at any "t collat$ codices ,a ,b ,c ,d = y\rself1 y are unable to ga9say a s+le /atem5t ( m9e by a c\nt]-appeal to facts4 ,y\r textual le>n+ proves to h be5 all obta9$ at second-h&1--tak5 on tru/4 ,& s1 in/ead ( m>%all+ aga9/ me a correspond+ array ( ,,anci5t ,,au?orities1--y inv>iably attempt to put me d[n by an appeal to ,,mod]n ,,op9ion4 8,! majority ( mod]n ,critics0 7y say7 h decl>$ ! manuscripts 9 "q 8n only to be :olly undes]v+ ( su* *>ges1 b1 on ! contr>y1 to exhibit a text ( comp>ative purity407#hei7 ,! sum ( ! diff]5ce !re=e betwe5 our respective me?ods1 my "l ,bi%op1 proves to be ?is3--t :]eas ,i endeav\r by a labori\s accumulation ( anci5t ,evid5ce to demon/rate t ! decrees ( ,la*mann1 ( ,tis*5dorf & ( ,tregelles1 are untru/wor?y2 y\r way ( r$uc+ me to sil5ce1 is to ca/ ,la*mann1 ,tregelles & ,tis*5dorf at e in/ant 9 my tee?4 ,y make y\r appeal exclusively to !m4 8,x w\ld be difficult0 7y say7 8to f9d a rec5t ,engli% ,comm5tator ( any consid]able reputation :o has n be5 influ5c$1 m or less consi/5tly1 by "o or ! o!r ( ^! ?ree ,editors307#hfj7 7z if t 7 any reason :y ,i %\ld d ! same67 ,because ,i pron\nce ! ,revis$ read+ ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad1 8a griev\s p]v]sion ( ! tru? ( ,scripture10 y bid me consid] 8t 9 s speak+ ,i am c5sur+ ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles40 ,y seem 9 fact to h utt]ly miss$ ! po9t ( my cont5tion3 :i* is1 t ! anci5t ,fa!rs collectively 7,a4,d4 #aej to ,a4,d4 #dej71--;inasmu* z !y mu/ ne$s h kn[n f> bett] ?an ,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 or ,tis*5dorf1 7,a4,d4 #ahcj to ,a4,d4 #ahhj17 :at 0 ! ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! e>lie/ ages1--are p]=ce f> m tru/wor?y guides ?an !y4 ,& fur!r1 t :5ev] x c be cle>ly %[n t ! ,anci5ts z a body say "o ?+1 & ! ,mod]ns ano!r1 ! op9ion ( ! ,mod]ns may be safely disreg>d$4 ,:5 !re=e ,i op5 y\r pamphlet at ! fir/ page1 & read z foll[s3--8,a bold assault has be5 made 9 rec5t numb]s ( ! ,qu>t]ly ,review ^u ! :ole fabric ( ,criticism :i* has be5 built up dur+ ! la/ fifty ye>s by ! pati5t lab\r ( successive editors ( ! ,new ,te/am5t107#hfa7--;,i fail to discov] t any practical inconv5i5ce results to myself f y\r ann\ncem5t4 ,! same pla9tive /ra9 reappe>s at p4 #ci2 :]e1 hav+ po9t$ out 8t ! text ( ! ,revis]s is1 9 all ess5tial features1 ! same z t text 9 :i* ! be/ critical editors1 dur+ ! pa/ fifty ye>s1 are g5]ally agre$10--y insi/ 8t ?us1 any attack made on ! text ( ! ,revis]s is really an attack on ! critical pr9ciples t h be5 c>efully & labori\sly e/abli%$ dur+ ! la/ half-c5tury40 ,) ! self-same pa!tic remon/rance y conclude y\r lab\rs4 8,if10 7y say7 8! ,revis]s are wrong 9 ! pr9ciples :i* !y h appli$ to ! det]m9ation ( ! ,text1 ! pr9ciples on :i* ! ,textual ,criticism ( ! la/ fifty ye>s has be5 bas$1 are wrong also407#hfb7444 ,are y !n n yet aw>e t ! alt]native :i* seems to y s al>m+ is 9 fact my :ole cont5tion8 ,:at else d y imag9e x is t ,i am propos+ to myself ?r\gh\t1 b effectually to dispel ! vulg> prejudice1--say r1 to plant my heel ^u ! weak sup]/ition1--:i* 8= ! la/ fifty ye>s0 has prov$ fatal to progress 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( le>n+2 & :i*1 if x be suff]$ to prevail1 w make a sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism impossible8 ,a %all[ empiricism has be5 ! prevail+ result1 up to ?is h\r1 ( ! tea*+ ( ,la*mann1 & ,tis*5dorf1 & ,tregelles4 #f ,bp4 ,ellicott 9 ,may #ahgj1 & 9 ,may #ahhb4 ,a ^w 9 y\r private e>1 7by y\r leave7 9 pass+4 ,y seem to h =gott5 t1 at ! "t :5 y ent]$ on ! "w ( ,revision1 y\r own e/imate ( ! ,texts put =? by ^! ,editors 0 ! rev]se ( fav\rable2 i4e4 0 sc>cely di/+ui%able f t ( y\r pres5t correspond5t4 ,la*mann's y describ$ z 8a text compos$ on ! n>r[e/ & mo/ exclusive pr9ciples10--8really bas$ on little m ?an f\r manuscripts40--8,! case ( ,tis*5dorf0 7y said7 8is /ill m easily dispos$ (4 ,:i* ( ?is mo/ incon/ant ,critic's texts are we to select8 ,surely n ! la/1 9 :i* an exagg]at$ pref]5ce = a s+le manuscript has betray$ him into an almo/ *ildlike infirmity ( judgm5t4 ,surely also n ! sev5? edition1 :i* exhibits all ! in/ability :i* a comp>atively rec5t recognition ( ! au?ority ( cursive manuscripts might be suppos$ likely to introduce40--,z = poor ,tregelles1 y said3--8,8 critical pr9ciples 444 are n[1 p]haps ju/ly1 call$ 9 "q40 ,8 text 8is rigid & me*anical1 & sometimes fails to disclose t critical in/9ct & peculi> s*ol>ly sagacity :i*07#hfc7 h s9ce evid5tly disclos$ !mselves 9 p]fection 9 ^? ,memb]s ( ! ,revis+ body :o1 ) ,bp4 ,ellicott at _! head1 sy/ematically outvot$ ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,b ) :at consi/5cy1 my "l ,bi%op1 d y to-day vaunt 8! pr9ciples0 ( ! v m5 :om ye/]day y vilip5d$ precisely because _! 8pr9ciples0 !n seem$ to y\rself s utt]ly unsatisfactory8 #g 8,! fabric ( mod]n ,textual ,criticism0 7#ahca-ha7 re/s on an insecure basis4 ,i h be5 guilty ( little else ?an sacrilege1 x seems1 because ,i h v5tur$ to s5d a %[] ( %ot & %ell into ! flimsy decrees ( ^! ?ree ,critics :i* n[ y are pleas$ gr&iloqu5tly to designate & describe z 8! :ole fabric ( ,criticism :i* has be5 built up )9 ! la/ fifty ye>s40 ,p]mit me to rem9d y t ! 8fabric0 y speak (1--7confess$ly a creation ( ye/]day17--re/s ^u a f\ndation ( s&2 & has be5 already s =midably assail$1 or else s gravely condemn$ by a succession ( fam\s ,critics1 t z 8a fabric10 its v exi/5ce may be reasonably call$ 9 "q4 ,tis*5dorf insi/s on ! g5]al depravity 78univ]sa vitiositas07 ( codex ,b2 on :i* codex nev]!less ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort *iefly rely1--reg>d+ x z unique 9 its pre-em95t purity4 ,! same pair ( ,critics depreciate ! ,traditional ,text z 8beyond all "q id5tical ) ! dom9ant ,greek ,text ( ! second half ( ! f\r? c5tury30--:]eas1 8to br+ ! sacr$ text back to ! condition 9 :i* x exi/$ dur+ ! f\r? c5tury107#hfd7 0 ,la*mann's "o object2 ! sum & sub/ance ( 8 /riv+4 8,! fancy ( a ,con/ant9opolitan text1 & e inf]5ce t has be5 gr\nd$ on its presum$ exi/5ce107#hfe7 ,tregelles decl>es to h be5 8swept away at once & = ev]10 by ,scriv5]'s publi%$ ,collations4 ,& yet1 :at else b ?is is 8! fancy10 7z already expla9$17 on :i* ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h be5 = ?irty ye>s build+ up _! vision>y ,!ory ( ,textual ,criticism8--,:at ,griesba* attempt$ #aggd-ahje1 0 d5\nc$ #aghb-ahje by ,c4 ,f4 ,mat?i2--disapprov$ by ,s*olz2--demon/rat$ to be unt5able by ,abp4 ,laur5ce4 ,f9ally1 9 #ahdg1 ! le>n$ ,j4 ,g4 ,rei*e1 9 "s ,obs]vations prefix$ to 8 ,collations ( ,,mss4 9 ! ,p>is ,libr>y1 eloqu5tly & ably expos$ ! unreasonabl5ess ( any !ory ( 8,rec5sion10--prop]ly s call$27#hff7 !reby effectually anticipat+ ,we/cott & ,hort's weak imag9ation ( a 8,syrian ,text10 :ile he 0 demoli%+ ! airy speculations ( ,griesba* & ,hug4 8,!re is no royal road0 7he said7 8to ! ,criticism ( ! ,n4 ,t43 no pla9 & easy me?od1 at once repos+ on a firm f\ndation1 & conduct+ securely to ! wi%$ = goal407#hfg7444 ,sc>cely !re=e 9 ,g]many _h ! basem5t-/ory be5 laid ( t 8fabric ( ,criticism :i* has be5 built up dur+ ! la/ fifty ye>s10 & :i* y sup]/iti\sly admire1--:5 a fam\s ,g]man s*ol> 0 he>d d5\nc+ ! fabric z insecure4 ,he =etold t ! 8regia via0 ( codices ,b & w\ld prove a deceit & a sn>e3 :i* ?+1 at ! end ( f\r-&-?irty ye>s1 has punctually come to pass4 ,sev5 ye>s aft]1 ,la*mann's me?od 0 solemnly appeal$ f by ! same ,j4 ,g4 ,rei*e37#hfh7 ^: words ( w>n+ to 8 c\ntrym5 des]ve ! att5tion ( e ?\ghtful s*ol> among ourselves at ?is day4 ,( ! same g5]al t5or & purport z ,rei*e's1 are ! utt]ances ( ^? giants 9 ,textual ,criticism1 ,v]cellone ( ,rome & ,c]iani ( ,milan4 ,q unmi/akable is ! v]dict ( our own ,scriv5] conc]n+ ! views ( ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1 & ! results to :i* _! sy/em has sev]ally conduct$ !m4--,if ,al=d adopt$ ! prejudices ( 8 ?ree imm$iate pr$ecessors1 8 au?ority has be5 neutraliz$ by ! f> diff]5t tea*+ ( "o inf9itely 8 sup]ior 9 judgm5t & le>n+1--! pres5t illu/ri\s ,bi%op ( ,l9coln4--,on ! same side ) ! la/ nam$ are f\nd ! late ,philip ,e4 ,pusey & ,ar*d4 ,lee1--,canon ,cook & ,dr4 ,field1--! ,bi%op ( ,s4 ,&rews & ,dr4 ,s4 ,c4 ,malan4 ,la/ly1 at ! end ( fifty-"o ye>s1 7viz4 9 #ahha17 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort h reviv$ ,la*mann's unsatisfactory me?od1--sup]add+ !reto n a few extravagances ( _! own4 ,t _! views h be5 receiv$ ) expressions ( ! grave/ disapprobation1 no "o w d5y4 ,indisp5sable to _! cont5tion is ! grossly improbable hypo!sis t ! ,pes*ito is to be reg>d$ z ! 8,vulgate0 7i4e4 ! ,revis$7 ,syriac2 ,cureton's1 z ! 8,vetus0 or orig9al ,syriac v]sion4 ,& yet1 :ile ,i write1 ! ,abb ,m>t9 at ,p>is is giv+ x z ! result ( 8 lab\rs on ?is subject1 t ,cureton's ,v]sion _c be any?+ ( ! sort47#hfi7 ,:e!r ,we/cott & ,hort's !ory ( a 8,syrian0 ,text has n receiv$ an effectual quietus1 let po/]ity decide4 4 ,f :i* x becomes app>5t t1 at all ev5ts1 8! fabric ( ,criticism :i* has be5 built up )9 ! la/ fifty ye>s0 has n aris5 )\t solemn & repeat$ prote/1--z well f )9 z f )\t4 ,x may n !re=e be spok5 ( by y z some?+ :i* m5 are b\nd to ma9ta9 inviolate1--l an ,article ( ! ,cre$4 ,x is q compet5t1 ,i mean1 = any "o to d5\nce ! entire sy/em ( ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1--z ,i d n[1--z an egregi\s blund]2 if he w b be at ! pa9s to e/abli% on a sev]e logical basis ! contradictory ( n a few ( _! mo/ important decrees4 ,& y1 my "l ,bi%op1 are respectfully rem9d$ t y\r def5ce ( _! sy/em1--if y mu/ ne$s def5d :at ,i deem wor?less1--mu/ be conduct$1 n by sne]s & an affectation ( sup]ior enlight5m5t2 /ill less by intimidation1 scornful language1 & all ^? o!r bad me?ods :]eby x has be5 ! way ( ,sup]/ition 9 e age to rivet ! fett]s ( intellectual bondage3 b by sev]e reason+1 & calm discussion1 & a free appeal to anci5t ,au?ority1 & a pati5t inve/igation ( all ! ext]nal evid5ce accessible4 ,i reque/ !re=e t we may he> no m ( ?is =m ( argum5t4 ,! ,text ( ,la*mann & ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1--( ,we/cott & ,hort & ,ellicott1 7i4e4 ( ! ,revis]s17--is j n[ on its trial be=e ! _w47#hgj7 #h ,bp4 ,ellicott's /range notions ab\t ! 8,textus ,receptus40 ,y\r /range/ mi/akes & misrepres5tations h[ev] are connect$ ) ! 8,textus ,receptus40 ,x evid5tly ex]cises y sorely t 8) ! ,qu>t]ly ,review]1 ! ,receiv$ ,text is a /&>d1 by comp>ison ) :i* all extant docum5ts1 h[ev] indisputable _! antiquity1 are measur$407#hga7 ,b pray1-- 7#a7 ,by comp>ison ) :at o!r /&>d1 if n by ! ,receiv$ ,text1 w\ld y y\rself obta9 ! measure ( 8all extant docum5ts10 h[ev] anci5t8444 ,?is fir/4 ,& next1 7#b7 ,:y %\ld ! 8indisputable antiquity0 ( a docum5t be suppos$ to disqualify x f be+ measur$ by ! same /&>d to :i* 7b only = conv5i5ce7 docum5ts ( :atev] date1--by common cons5t ( s*ol>s1 at home & abroad1--are inv>iably ref]r$8 ,& next1 7#c7 ,surely1 y _c require to h x expla9$ to y t a /&>d ( ,,comp>ison1 is n !re=e ( necessity a /&>d ( ,,excell5ce4 ,did y ev] take ! tr\ble to collate a sacr$ manuscript8 ,if y ev] did1 pray ) :at did y make y\r collation8 ,9 o!r words1 :at 8/&>d0 did y employ8444 ,l ,walton & ,us%]1--l ,fell & ,mill1--l ,b5tley1 & ,b5gel1 & ,wet/e91--l ,bir*1 & ,mat?i1 & ,griesba*1 & ,s*olz1--l ,la*mann1 & ,tregelles1 & ,tis*5dorf1 & ,scriv5]1--,i v5ture to assume t y collat$ y\r manuscript1--:e!r x 0 ( 8disputable0 or ( 8indisputable antiquity10--) an ord9>y copy ( ! ,receiv$ ,text4 ,if y did n1 y\r collation is ( no mann] ( use4 ,b1 above all1 7#d7 ,h[ does x come to pass t y speak s scornfully ( ! ,receiv$ ,text1 see+ t 7at p4 #ab ( y\r pamphlet7 y assure y\r read]s t its p$igree may be trac$ back to a p]iod p]haps antec$5t to ! olde/ ( our extant manuscripts8 ,surely1 a traditional ,text :i* 7accord+ to y7 dates f ab\t ,a4,d4 #cjj1 is good en\gh = ! purpose ( ,collation6 7#e7 ,at la/ y say1-- 8,if !re 7 reason to suppose t ! ,receiv$ ,text repres5t$ v]batim et lit]atim ! text :i* 0 curr5t at ,antio* 9 ! days ( ,*ryso/om1 x w\ld /ill be impossible to reg>d x z a /&>d f :i* !re 0 no appeal407#hgb7 ,really1 my "l ,bi%op1 y mu/ excuse me if ,i decl>e pla9ly t ! m ,i att5d to y\r critical utt]ances1 ! m ,i am a/oni%$4 ,f ! confid5t /yle 9 :i* y deliv] y\rself ^u su* matt]s1 & especially f y\r hav+ und]tak5 to preside ov] a ,revision ( ! ,sacr$ ,text1 "o w\ld suppose t at "s p]iod ( y\r life y mu/ h giv5 ! subject a consid]able am\nt ( "t & att5tion4 ,b inde$ ! =ego+ s5t5ce virtually conta9s two propositions nei!r ( :i* c\ld possibly h be5 p5n$ by "o ev5 mod]ately acqua9t$ ) ! facts ( ,textual ,criticism4 ,= fir/1 7a7 ,y speak ( 8repres5t+ v]batim et lit]atim ,,! ,text :i* 0 curr5t at ,antio* 9 ! days ( ,*ryso/om40 ,d y !n really suppose t !re exi/$ at ,antio*1 at any p]iod betwe5 ,a4,d4 #ced & ,a4,d4 #djg1 "s "o def9ite ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,,capable ( be+ s repres5t$8--,if y d1 pray w y indulge u ) ! gr\nds = su* an extraord9>y supposition8 ,y\r 8acqua9tance0 7,dr4 ,tregelles7 w tell y t su* a fancy has long s9ce be5 swept away 8at once & = ev]40 ,& secondly1 7b7 ,y say t1 ev5 if !re 7 reason to suppose t ! 8,receiv$ ,text0 7 su*-&-su* a ?+1--8x w\ld /ill be impossible to reg>d x z a /&>d f :i* !re 0 no appeal40 ,b pray1 :o 9 8 s5ses1--:at sane man 9 ,great ,brita91--ev] dream$ ( reg>d+ ! 8,receiv$10--aye1 or any o!r kn[n 8,text10--z 8a /&>d f :i* !re %all be no appeal08 ,h ,i ev] done s8 ,h ,i ev] impli$ z mu*8 ,if ,i h1 %[ me :]e4 ,y ref] y\r read]s to ! foll[+ passage 9 my fir/ ,article3-- 8,:at prec$es admits to "s ext5t ( fur!r num]ical illu/ration4 ,x is discov]$ t1 9 #aaa pages1 444 ! s]i\s deflections ( ,a f ! ,textus ,receptus am\nt 9 all to only #hdb3 :]eas 9 ,c !y am\nt to #agih3 9 ,b1 to #bcgj3 9 1 to #ccib3 9 ,d1 to #dfig4 ,! read+s peculi> to ,a )9 ! same limits are #acc3 ^? peculi> to ,c are #agj4 ,b ^? ( ,b am\nt to #aig3 :ile exhibits #ddc3 & ! read+s peculi> to ,d 7)9 ! same limits71 are no few] ?an #ahbi4444 ,we submit t ^! facts are n altoge!r calculat$ to inspire confid5ce 9 codices ,b ,c ,d40--p4 #ad4 ,b1 d y really require to h x expla9$ to y t x is entirely to misund]/& ! "q to object to su* a comp>ison ( codices z is f\nd above1 7viz4 9 pages #ad & #ag17 on ! gr\nd t x 0 made ) ! text ( ,/ephanus ly+ op5 be=e me8 ,w\ld n ! self-same ph5om5on h be5 evolv$ by collation ) any o!r text8 ,if y d\bt x1 sit d[n & try ! exp]im5t = y\rself4 ,believe me1 ,rob]t ,eti5ne 9 ! ,x,v,ith c5tury 0 n ! cause :y cod4 ,b 9 ! ,i,vth & cod4 ,d 9 ! ,v,ith are s widely discordant & div]g5t f "o ano!r3 ,a & ,c s utt]ly at v>iance ) bo?47#hgc7 ,we mu/ h "s /&>d :]eby to te/1--:]e) to comp>e1--,manuscripts4 ,:at is m1 7give me leave to assure y17 to ! end ( "t x w probably be ! practice ( s*ol>s to comp>e ,,mss4 ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ) ! 8,receiv$ ,text40 ,! hopeless discrepancies betwe5 our five 8old uncials10 c 9 no m conv5i5t way be exhibit$1 ?an by ref]r+ ea* ( !m 9 turn to "o & ! same common /&>d4 ,&1--,:at /&>d m reasonable & m conv5i5t ?an ! ,text :i*1 by ! good ,provid5ce ( ,,god1 0 univ]sally employ$ ?r\gh\t ,europe = ! fir/ #cjj ye>s aft] ! inv5tion ( pr9t+8 be+ practically id5tical ) ! ,text :i* 7z y y\rself admit7 0 9 popul> use at ! end ( ?ree c5turies f ! date ( ! sacr$ autographs !mselves3 9 o!r ^w1 be+ m ?an #aejj ye>s old4 #i ,! ,review] v9dicates himself aga9/ ,bp4 ,ellicott's misconceptions4 ,b y are q det]m9$ t ,i %all mean some?+ ess5tially diff]5t4 ,! ,qu>t]ly ,review]1 7y say17 is "o :o 8cont5ds t ! ,receiv$ ,text ne$s b little em5dation2 & may be us$ )\t em5dation z a /&>d407#hgd7 ,i am1 7y say17 "o ( 8^? :o adopt ! easy me?od ( mak+ ! ,receiv$ ,text a /&>d407#hge7 ,my 8,criticism10 7x seems17 8(t5 re/s ultimately ^u ! notion t x is little else b sacrilege to impugn ! tradition ( ! la/ ?ree hundr$ ye>s407#hgf7 78,! la/ ?ree hundr$ ye>s30 z if ! ,traditional ,text ( ! ,n4 ,te/am5t dat$ f ! #be? ( ,que5 ,elizabe?67--,i reg>d ! 8,textus ,receptus0 !re=e1 accord+ to y1 z ! ,ephesians reg>d$ ! image ( ! great goddess ,diana2 namely1 z a ?+ :i*1 "o f9e morn+1 8fell d[n f ,jupit]407#hgg7 ,i mi/ake ! ,receiv$ ,text1 7y imply17 = ! ,div9e ,orig9al1 ! ,sacr$ ,autographs1--& erect x into 8a /&>d f :i* !re %all be no appeal10--8a tradition :i* x is little else b sacrilege to impugn40 ,t is h[ y /ate my case & condition3 hopelessly confus+ ! /&>d ( ,comp>ison ) ! /&>d ( ,excell5ce4 ,by ?is "t1 h[ev]1 en\gh has be5 said to conv9ce any fair p]son t y are )\t w>rant 9 y\r pres5t cont5tion4 ,let any c&id s*ol> ca/ an imp>tial eye ov] ! prec$+ ?ree hundr$ & fifty pages1--op5 ! volume :]e he w1 & read /eadily on to ! end ( any textual discussion1--& !n say :e!r1 on ! contr>y1 my criticism does n inv>iably re/ on ! pr9ciple t ! ,tru? ( ,scripture is to be s\ght 9 t =m ( ! ,sacr$ ,text :i* has ! fulle/1 ! wide/1 & ! mo/ v>i$ atte/ation47#hgh7 ,d ,i n inv>iably make ! cons5ti5t voice ( ,antiquity my /&>d8 ,if ,i d n1--if1 on ! contr>y1 ,i h ev] once appeal$ to ! 8,receiv$ ,text10 & made x my /&>d1--:y d y n prove ! tru? ( y\r allegation by adduc+ 9 evid5ce t "o p>ticul> in/ance8 in/ead ( br++ aga9/ me a *>ge :i* is utt]ly )\t f\ndation1 & :i* c h no o!r effect b to impose ^u ! ignorant2 to mislead ! unw>y2 & to prejudice ! great ,textual "q :i* hopelessly divides y & me8444 ,i tru/ t at lea/ y w n aga9 conf\nd ! /&>d ( ,comp>ison ) ! /&>d ( ,tru?4 #aj ,analysis ( cont5ts ( ,bp4 ,ellicott's pamphlet4 ,y /ate at page #f1 t :at y propose to y\rself by y\r pamphlet1 is1-- 8,fir/1 to supply accurate in=mation1 9 a popul> =m1 conc]n+ ! ,greek text ( ! ,n[ ,te/am5t3 8,secondly1 to e/abli%1 by means ( ! in=mation s suppli$1 ! s\ndness ( ! pr9ciples on :i* ! ,revis]s h act$ 9 _! *oice ( read+s2 & by consequ5ce1 ! importance ( ! #8,new ,greek ,text3' 0--or1 z y phrase x at p4 #bi1--8to enable ! read] to =m a fair judgm5t on ! "q ( ! tru/wor?9ess ( ! read+s adopt$ by ! ,revis]s40 ,to ! =m] ( ^! endeav\rs y devote tw5ty-?ree pages3 7viz4 p4 #g to p4 #bi73--to ! latt]1 y devote =ty-two2 7viz4 p4 #cg to p4 #gh74 ,! int]v5+ eight pages are d$icat$1--7a7 ,to ! con/itution ( ! ,revisioni/ body3 & next1 7b7 ,to ! am\nt ( good fai? ) :i* y & y\r colleagues obs]v$ ! conditions impos$ ^u y by ! ,s\!rn ,h\ses ( ,convocation4 ,i propose to foll[ y ov] ! gr\nd 9 :i* y h ?us entr5*$ y\rself1 & to drive y out ( e position 9 turn4 #aa ,bp4 ,ellicott's acc\nt ( ! 8,,textus ,,receptus40 ,fir/ !n1 = y\r /r5u\s endeav\r 7pp4 #g-aj7 to prejudice ! "q by p\r+ contempt on ! humble/ ance/or ( ! ,textus ,receptus--namely1 ! fir/ edition ( ,erasmus4 ,y "k v well t ! 8,textus ,receptus0 is n ! fir/ edition ( ,erasmus4 ,:y !n d y s describe its orig9 z to imply t x is8 ,y ridicule ! circum/ances "u :i* a c]ta9 ance/or ( ! family fir/ saw ! light4 ,y reproduce ) evid5t satisfaction a silly witticism ( ,mi*aelis1 viz4 t1 9 8 judgm5t1 ! ,evangelium on :i* ,erasmus *iefly reli$ 0 n wor? ! two flor9s :i* ! monks ( ,basle gave = x4 ,equally contemptible 7accord+ to y7 7 ! copies ( ! ,acts1 ! ,epi/les1 & ! ,apocalypse :i* ! same s*ol> employ$ = ! re/ ( 8 fir/ edition4 ,hav+ 9 ?is way done y\r be/ to black5 a noble h\se by dilat+ on ! l[ ebb to :i* its =tunes 7 r$uc$ at a critical p]iod ( its hi/ory1 "s ?ree c5turies & a half ago1--y pause to make y\r own comm5t on ! spectacle ?us exhibit$ to ! eyes ( unle>n$ read]s1 le/ any %\ld fail to draw !refrom ! injuri\s inf]5ce :i* is indisp5sable = y\r argum5t3-- 8,we h ent]$ into ^! details1 because we desire t ! g5]al read] %\ld "k fully ! true p$igree ( t pr9t$ text ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t :i* has be5 9 common use = ! la/ ?ree c5turies4 ,x w be obs]v$ t its docum5t>y orig9 is n calculat$ to inspire any great confid5ce4 ,its p>5ts1 z we h se51 7 two or ?ree late manuscripts ( little critical value1 :i* accid5t seems to h br\ght into ! h&s ( _! fir/ editor40--p4 #aj4 ,n[1 y\r acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ! 8,textus ,receptus0 %all be suff]$ to /& uncontradict$4 ,b ! important inf]5ce1 :i* y int5d t inatt5tive or incompet5t read]s %\ld draw !refrom1 %all be scatt]$ to ! w9ds by ! unequivocal te/imony ( no less di/+ui%$ a witness ?an y\rself4 ,not)/&+ all t has gone be=e1 y are con/ra9$ to confess 9 ! v next page t3-- 8,! manuscripts :i* ,erasmus us$ diff]1 = ! mo/ "p1 only 9 small & insignificant details f ! bulk ( ! cursive manuscripts4 ,! g5]al "* ( _! text is ! same4 ,by ?is obs]vation ! p$igree ( ! ,receiv$ ,text is c>ri$ up beyond ! individual manuscripts us$ by ,erasmus4444 ,t p$igree /ret*es back to a remote antiquity4 ,! fir/ ance/or ( ! ,receiv$ ,text 0 at lea/ contempor>y ) ! olde/ ( our extant manuscripts1 if n old] ?an any "o ( !m40--pp4 #aa1 #ab4 ,by y\r own %[+ !re=e1 ! ,textus ,receptus is1 8at lea/10 #aeej ye>s old4 ,nay1 we w h ! fact ov] aga91 9 words :i* y adopt f p4 #ib ( ,we/cott & ,hort's ,introduction see above1 p4 #beg1 & cle>ly make y\r own3-- 8,! fundam5tal text ( late extant ,greek ,,mss4 g5]ally is beyond all "q id5tical ) ! dom9ant ,antio*ian or ,grco-,syrian ,text ( ! second half ( ! f\r? c5tury40--p4 #ab4 ,b1 if ?is be s1--7& ,i am n conc]n$ to dispute y\r /atem5t 9 a s+le p>ticul>17--( :at possible significancy c x be to y\r pres5t cont5tion1 t ! ance/ry ( ! ,,writt5 ,,^w 7l ! ance/ors ( ! ,,^w ,,inc>nate7 _h at "o "t decl9$ to ! wondr\s l[ e/ate on :i* y enl>g$ at fir/ ) su* evid5t satisfaction8 ,?\gh ! fact be admitt$ t ,joseph 8! c>p5t]0 0 8! husb& ( ,m>y1 ( :om 0 born ,,jesus1 :o is call$ ,,*ri/10--:at possible inconv5i5ce results f t circum/ance s long z ! only ?+ cont5d$ = be loyally conc$$1--namely1 t ! desc5t ( ,,messiah is l9eally traceable back to ! patri>* ,abraham1 ?r\gh ,david ! ,k+8 ,& ! g5ealogy ( ! writt51 no less ?an ! g5ealogy ( ! ,inc>nate ,,^w1 is traceable back by two di/9ct l9es ( desc5t1 rememb]3 = ! 8,complut5sian10 :i* 0 pr9t$ 9 #aead1 exhibits ! 8,traditional ,text0 ) ! same g5]al fidelity z ! 8,erasmian10 :i* did n see ! light till two ye>s lat]4 #ab ,bp4 ,ellicott d]ives 8 e/imate ( ! 8,,textus ,,receptus0 f ,we/cott & ,h>t's fable ( a 8,,syrian ,,text40 ,let u he> :at comes next3-- 8,at ?is po9t a "q sugge/s itself :i* we _c refuse to consid]4 ,if ! p$igree ( ! ,receiv$ ,text may be trac$ back to s e>ly a p]iod1 does x n des]ve ! hon\r :i* is giv5 to x by ! ,qu>t]ly ,review]80--p4 #ab4 ,a v p]t95t "q truly4 ,we are made att5tive3 ! m s1 because y ann\nce t y\r reply to ?is "q %all 8g to ! bottom ( ! controv]sy ) :i* we are conc]n$407#hgi7 ,t reply is z foll[s3-- 8,if !re 7 reason to suppose t ! ,receiv$ ,text repres5t$ v]batim et lit]atim ! text :i* 0 curr5t at ,antio* 9 ! days ( ,*ryso/om1 x w\ld /ill be impossible to reg>d x z a /&>d f :i* !re 0 no appeal4 ,! reason :y ?is w\ld be impossible may be /at$ briefly z foll[s4 ,9 ! anci5t docum5ts :i* h come d[n to u1--among/ :i*1 z is well kn[n1 are manuscripts writt5 9 ! f\r? c5tury1--we possess evid5ce t o!r texts ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t exi/$ 9 ! age ( ,*ryso/om1 mat]ially diff]5t f ! text :i* he & ! ,antio*ian writ]s g5]ally employ$4 ,moreov]1 a rigor\s exam9ation ( extant docum5ts %[s t ! ,antio*ian or 7z we %all h5ce=? call x ) ,dr4 ,hort7 ! ,syrian text did n repres5t an e>li] tradition ?an ^? o!r texts1 b 0 9 fact ( lat] orig9 ?an ! re/4 ,we _c accept x !re=e z a f9al /&>d40--pp4 #ac1 #ad4 8,a f9al /&>d06444 ,nay b1 :y d y sudd5ly introduce ?is unhe>d-( *>act]i/ic8 ,:o1 pray1 s9ce ! inv5tion ( ,pr9t+ 0 ev] kn[n to put =w>d any exi/+ ,text z 8a f9al /&>d08 ,n ! ,qu>t]ly ,review] c]ta9ly4 8,! hon\r :i* is giv5 to ! ,textus ,receptus by ! ,qu>t]ly ,review]0 is no o!r ?an ! hon\r :i* x has enjoy$ at ! h&s ( s*ol>s1 by univ]sal cons5t1 = ! la/ ?ree c5turies4 ,t is to say1 he uses x z a /&>d ( comp>ison1 & employs x = habitual ref]5ce4 ,s d y4 ,y did s1 at lea/1 9 ! ye> #ahgj4 ,y did m2 = y propos$ 8to proce$ ) ! "w ( ,revision1 :e!r ( text or translation1 mak+ ! curr5t #8,textus ,receptus' ! /&>d407#hhj7 ,we are p]fectly agre$ !re=e4 ,= my own "p1 be+ fully conv9c$1 l y\rself1 t ess5tially ! ,receiv$ ,text is full #aeej ye>s old1--7yes1 & a va/ deal old]17--,i e/eem x q good en\gh = all ord9>y purposes4 ,& yet1 s f> am ,i f p9n+ my fai? to x1 t ,i eag]ly make my appeal f x to ! ?reefold witness ( ,copies1 ,v]sions1 ,fa!rs1 :5ev] ,i f9d its te/imony *all5g$4--,& ) ?is r5ew$ explanation ( my s5tim5ts1--7:i* "o w\ld h ?\ght t no compet5t p]son c\ld require17--,i proce$ to consid] ! reply :i* y promise %all 8g to ! bottom ( ! controv]sy ) :i* we are conc]n$40 ,i beg t y w n aga9 seek to div]t att5tion f t :i* is ! real matt] ( dispute betwixt y & me4 ,:at k9d ( argum5tation !n is ?is be=e u8 ,y assure u t1-- 7a7 8,a rigor\s exam9ation ( extant docum5ts10--8%[s0 ,dr4 ,hort--8t ! ,syrian text0--:i* = all practical purposes may be consid]$ z only ano!r "n = ! 8,textus ,receptus0--0 ( lat] orig9 ?an 8o!r texts ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t0 :i* 8exi/$ 9 ! age ( ,*ryso/om40 7b7 8,we _c accept x !re=e z a f9al /&>d40 ,b1--,( :at nature is ! logical process by :i* y h succe$$ 9 conv9c+ y\rself t ?is consequ5t c be got out ( t antec$5t8 ,put a p>allel case3--8,a c>eful analysis ( h]bs #8%[s' ,dr4 ,%ort t ! only safe diet = ,man is a p>ticul> k9d ( rank grass :i* gr[s 9 ! ,ely f5s4 ,we mu/ !re=e leave (f eat+ but*]'s meat40--,does t seem to y altoge!r a satisfactory argum5t8 ,to me1 x is a m]e non sequitur4 ,d b consid] ! matt] = a mom5t4 8,a rigor\s exam9ation ( extant docum5ts %[s0 ,dr4 ,hort--su* & su* ?+s4 8,a rigor\s exam9ation ( !0 same 8docum5ts %[s0 me--t ,dr4 ,hort is mi/ak54 ,a c>eful /udy ( 8 book conv9ces me t 8 !ory ( a ,syrian ,rec5sion1 manufactur$ betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & ,a4,d4 #cej1 is a dream1 pure & simple--a m]e phantom ( ! bra94 ,dr4 ,hort's c\rse is obvi\s4 ,let him fir/ make 8 processes ( pro( intelligible1 & !n public4 ,y _c possibly suppose t ! fable ( 8a ,syrian text10 ?\gh x has evid5tly satisfi$ y1 w be accept$ by ?\ghtful ,engli%m5 )\t pro(4 ,:at prospect d y suppose y h ( conv9c+ ! _w t ,dr4 ,hort is compet5t to assign a date to ?is creature ( 8 own imag9ation2 ( :i* he has hi!rto fail$ to demon/rate s mu* z ! probable exi/5ce8 ,i h1 = my own "p1 e/abli%$ by abundant ref]5ces to 8 writ+s t he is "o ( ^? :o1 7?r\gh "s intellectual peculi>ity17 are = ev] mi/ak+ conjectures = facts1--ass]tions = argum5ts1--& reit]at$ assev]ation = accumulat$ pro(4 ,he des]ves sympa?y1 c]ta9ly3 =1--7l ! man :o pass$ 8 life 9 try+ to c\nt h[ _m gra9s ( s& w exactly fill a qu>t pot2--or l 8 un=tunate bro!r1 :o made x 8 bus9ess to prove t no?+1 multipli$ by a suffici5t numb] ( figures1 am\nts to some?+27--he has evid5tly tak5 a prodigi\s deal ( useless tr\ble4 ,! spectacle ( an able & e/imable man exhibit+ su* s+ul> inaptitude = a prov9ce ( /udy :i*1 beyond all o!rs1 dem&s a cle> head & a calm1 dispassionate judgm5t1--creates di/ress4 #ac ,bp4 ,ellicott has completely adopt$ ,we/cott & ,hort's ,!ory4 ,b 9 ! meantime1 s confid5t are y ( ! exi/5ce ( a 8,syrian text10--7only h[ev] because ,dr4 ,hort is17--t y inflict ^u y\r read]s all ! consequ5ces :i* 8! ,syrian text0 is suppos$ to c>ry ) x4 ,y\r me?od is c]ta9ly *>act]iz$ by humility3 = x consi/s 9 m]ely s]v+ up to ! ,briti% public a r*auff ( ,we/cott & ,hort's ,textual ,!ory4 ,i _c discov] t y contribute any?+ ( y\r own to ! meagre outl9e y furni% ( x4 ,ev]y?+ is assum$--z be=e4 ,no?+ is prov$--z be=e4 ,& we are ref]r$ to ,dr4 ,hort = ! resolution ( e difficulty :i* ,dr4 ,hort has creat$4 8,accord+ to ,dr4 ,hort10--8z ,dr4 ,hort obs]ves10--8to use ,dr4 ,hort's language10--8/at$ by ,dr4 ,hort10--8z ,dr4 ,hort notices10--8says ,dr4 ,hort30 yes1 f p4 #ad ( y\r pamphlet to p4 #bi y d no?+ else b reproduce--,dr4 ,hort6 ,fir/ comes ! fabul\s acc\nt ( ! cont5ts ( ! bulk ( ! cursives37#hha7--!n1 ! imag9>y hi/ory ( ! 8,syriac ,vulgate20 :i* 7x seems7 be>s 8indisputable traces0 ( be+ a revision1 ( :i* y h le>n$ f ,dr4 ,hort ! date37#hhb7--!n comes ! same disp>agem5t ( ! anci5t ,greek ,fa!rs1--8= reasons :i* h be5 /at$ by ,dr4 ,hort ) great cle>ness & cog5cy307#hhc7--!n1 ! same depreciatory e/imate ( writ]s subsequ5t to ,eusebius1--^: evid5ce is decl>$ to 8/& at be/ on no high] level ?an ! evid5ce ( inf]ior manuscripts 9 ! uncial class307#hhd7 b only because x is discov]$ to be de/ructive ( ! !ory ( ,dr4 ,hort4 ,next comes 8! ,me?od ( ,g5ealogy10--:i* y decl>e is ! result ( 8va/ rese>*1 unwe>i$ pati5ce1 great critical sagacity207#hhe7 b :i* ,i am prep>$ to prove is1 on ! contr>y1 a %all[ exp$i5t = disp5s+ ) sci5tific ,induction & ! labori\s accumulation ( evid5ce4 ,?is same 8,me?od ( ,g5ealogy10 y are n a%am$ to ann\nce z 8! great contribution ( our own times to a ma/]y ov] mat]ials40 8,= ! full explanation ( x1 y mu/ ref] y\r read] to ,dr4 ,hort's ,introduction407#hhf7 ,c y be s]i\s8 ,!n come ! results to :i* 8! application ( ?is me?od has conduct$ ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort407#hhg7 ,& fir/1 ! fable ( ! 8,syrian ,text0--:i* 8,dr4 ,hort consid]s to h be5 ! result ( a delib]ate ,rec5sion10 conduct$ on errone\s pr9ciples4 ,?is fabricat$ product ( ! ,i,i,ird & ,i,vth c5turies1 7y say17 rose to supremacy1--became dom9ant at ,antio*1--pass$ !nce to ,con/ant9ople1--& once e/abli%$ !re1 soon v9dicat$ its claim to be ! ,n4 ,t4 ( ! ,ea/3 :5ce x ov]ran ! ,we/1 & = #cjj ye>s z ! 8,textus ,receptus10 has held undisput$ sway47#hhh7 ,really1 my "l ,bi%op1 y describe imag9>y ev5ts 9 truly ,ori5tal /yle4 ,"o seems to be read+ n s mu* ( ! 8,syrian ,text0 z ( ! ,syrian ,impo/or4 ,"o expects e mom5t to he> ( "s feat ( ?is fabul\s ,rec5sion correspond+ ) ! surr5d] ( ! ,briti% troops & ,arabi's triumphant entry into ,cairo ) ! head ( ,sir ,beau*amp ,seym\r 9 8 h&6 ,all ?is is foll[$1 ( c\rse1 by ! weak fable ( ! 8,neutral0 ,text1 & ( ! absolute supremacy ( ,codex ,b1--:i* is 8/at$ 9 ,dr4 ,hort's own words307#hhi7--viz4 8,b v f> exce$s all o!r docum5ts 9 neutrality ( text1 be+ 9 fact always1 or ne>ly always1 neutral40 7,! fact be+ t codex ,b is demon/rably "o ( ! mo/ corrupt docum5ts 9 exi/5ce47 ,! po/]iority ( ! 7imag9>y7 8,syrian10 to ! 7imag9>y7 8,neutral10 is insi/$ ^u next 9 ord]1 z a matt] ( c\rse3 & decl>$ to re/ ^u ?ree o!r consid]ations1--ea* "o ( :i* is f\nd to be pure fable3 viz4 7#a7 ,on ! fable ( 8,conflation10 :i* 8seems to supply a pro(0 t ,syrian read+s are po/]ior bo? to ,we/]n & to ,neutral read+s--b1 7z ,i h else:]e7#hij7 %[n1 at consid]able l5g?17 mo/ c]ta9ly does n3--7#b7 ,on ,ante-,nic5e ,patri/ic evid5ce1--( :i* h[ev] n a syllable is produc$3--7#c7 ,on 8,transcriptional probability0--:i* is ab\t z useful a sub/itute = pro( z a sweet-pea = a walk+-/ick4 ,widely dissimil> ( c\rse is y\r own view ( ! importance ( ! =ego+ in/rum5ts ( conviction4 ,to y1 8^! ?ree reasons tak5 toge!r seem to make up an argum5t = ! po/]iority ( ! ,syrian ,text1 :i* x is impossible to resi/4 ,!y =m0 7y say7 8a ?reefold cord ( evid5ce :i* y believe w be> any am\nt ( argum5tative /ra940 ,y rise ) y\r subject1 & at la/ break out into eloqu5ce & vitup]ation3--8,writ]s l ! ,review] may attempt to cut ! cord by reckless & unv]ifi$ ass]tions3 b ! knife has n yet be5 fabricat$ t c equitably sep>ate any "o ( its /r&s407#hia7444 ,s effectually1 z well z s delib]ately1 h y la%$ y\rself--= bett] or = worse--to ,we/cott & ,hort's ,new ,textual ,!ory1 t y mu/ n[ ( necessity ei!r %>e its future triumphs1 or else be a p>tak] 9 its com+ humiliation4 ,am ,i to congratulate y on y\r prospects8 ,= my "p1 ,i make no secret ( ! fact t ,i look ^u ! entire speculation ab\t :i* y are s en?usia/ic1 z an excursion into cl\d-l&3 a dream & no?+ m4 ,my cont5tion is1--n t ! ,!ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort re/s on an insecure f\ndation1 b1 t x re/s on no f\ndation at all4 ,moreov]1 ,i am greatly mi/ak5 if ?is has n be5 demon/rat$ 9 ! =ego+ pages47#hib7 ,on "o po9t1 at all ev5ts1 !re _c exi/ a p>ticle ( d\bt2 namely1 t s f> f its 8n be+ = y to int]pose 9 ?is controv]sy0--y are )\t alt]native4 ,y mu/ ei!r come =w>d at once1 & br+ x to a successful issue3 or else1 y mu/ submit to be told t y h suff]$ defeat1 inasmu* z y are inextricably involv$ 9 ,we/cott & ,hort's discomfiture4 ,y are simply )\t rem$y4 ,y may 8f9d no?+ 9 ! ,review]'s ?ird article to require a fur!r answ]30 b read]s ( intellig5ce w tell y t y\r f9d+1 s9ce x does n proce$ f /upidity1 c only result f y\r consci\sness t y h made a s]i\s blund]3 & t n[1 ! less y say ab\t 8,we/cott & ,hort's new textual ,!ory10 ! bett]4 #ad ,! ,"q mode/ly propos$1--,:e!r ,bp4 ,ellicott's adoption ( ,we/cott & ,hort's 8new ,textual ,!ory0 does n am\nt to 7:at lawy]s call7 8,,conspiracy08 ,b1 my "l ,bi%op1 :5 ,i rea* ! end ( y\r labori\s av[al t y entirely accept 8,we/cott & ,hort's new ,textual ,!ory10--,i f9d x impossible to )hold ! respectful enquiry1--,is su* a proce$+ on y\r "p altoge!r all[able8 ,i frankly confess t to me ! :olesale adoption by ! ,*airman ( ! ,revis+ body1 ( ! !ory ( two ( ! ,revis]s1--& !n1 8 exclusive reproduction & v9dication ( t !ory1 :5 he und]takes1 8to supply ! read] ) a few broad outl9es ( ,textual ,criticism1 s z to enable him to =m a fair judgm5t on ! "q ( ! tru/wor?9ess ( ! read+s adopt$ by ! ,revis]s10--p4 #bi1 all ?is1 my "l ,bi%op1 ,i frankly av[1 to me1 looks v mu* inde$ l :at1 9 ! language ( lawy]s1 is call$ 8,conspiracy40 ,x appe>s !n t in/ead ( presid+ ov] ! delib]ations ( ! ,revisioni/s z an imp>tial arbit]1 y h be5 ?r\gh\t1 he>t & s\l1 an eag] p>tizan4 ,y h le>n$ to employ freely ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's peculi> t]m9ology4 ,y adopt _! sc>cely-intelligible phrases3 _! wild hypo!ses3 _! arbitr>y notions ab\t 8,intr9sic0 & 8,transcriptional ,probability30 _! baseless !ory ( 8,conflation30 _! %all[ 8,me?od ( ,g5ealogy40 ,y h1 9 %ort1 evid5tly swall[$ _! novel inv5tion :ole4 ,i c no long] wond] at ! result arriv$ at by ! body ( ,revisioni/s4 ,well may ,dr4 ,scriv5] h plead$ 9 va96 ,he f\nd ,drs4 ,ellicott & ,we/cott & ,hort too _m = him4444 ,b x is high "t t ,i %\ld pass on4 #ae ,pro(s t ! ,revis]s h outrage\sly exce$$ ! ,in/ructions !y receiv$ f ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce4 ,x foll[s next to enquire :e!r y\r "w z ,revis]s 0 conduct$ 9 con=mity ) ! conditions impos$ ^u y by ! ,s\!rn ,h\se ( ,convocation1 or n4 8,no?+0 7y say7-- 8c be m unju/ on ! "p ( ! ,review] ?an to sugge/1 z he has sugge/$ 9 m ?an "o passage17#hic7 t ! ,revis]s exce$$ _! ,in/ructions 9 ! c\rse :i* !y adopt$ ) reg>d to ! ,greek ,text4 ,on ! contr>y1 z we %all %[1 !y adh]$ mo/ closely to _! ,in/ructions2 & did nei!r m nor less ?an !y 7 requir$ to d40--7p4 #cb47 8,! ,review]10 my "l ,bi%op1 proce$s to demon/rate t y 8exce$$ y\r ,in/ructions10 ev5 to an extraord9>y ext5t4 ,b x w be conv5i5t fir/ to he> y out4 ,y proce$1-- 8,let u turn to ! ,rule4 ,x is simply z foll[s3--#8,t ! text to be adopt$ be t = :i* ! ,evid5ce is decid$ly prepond]at+3 & t :5 ! text s adopt$ diff]s f t f :i* ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion 0 made1 ! alt]ation be indicat$ 9 ! m>g94' 0--7,ibid47 ,b y seem to h =gott5 t ! 8,rule0 :i* y quote =m$ no "p ( ! 8,in/ructions0 :i* 7 impos$ ^u y by ,convocation4 ,x 0 "o ( ! 8,pr9ciples agre$ to by ! ,committee0 7#be ,may1 #ahgj71--;a ,rule ( y\r own mak+ !re=e1--= :i* ,convocation nei!r 0 nor is responsible4 ,! 8fundam5tal ,resolutions adopt$ by ! ,convocation ( ,cant]bury0 7#crd & #e? ,may1 #ahgj71 five 9 numb]1 conta9 no au?orization :atev] = mak+ *anges 9 ! ,greek ,text4 ,!y h ref]5ce only to ! "w ( revis+ 8! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion30 an und]tak+ :i* ! fir/ ,resolution decl>es to be 8desirable40 8,9 ord] to asc]ta9 :at 7 ! ,revis]s' ,in/ructions ) reg>d to ! ,greek ,text10 we mu/ ref] to ! orig9al ,resolution ( ,feb4 #aj?1 #ahgj3 9 :i* ! removal ( 8pla9 & cle> errors1 :e!r 9 ! ,greek ,text orig9ally adopt$ by ! ,translators1 or 9 ! ,translation made f ! same10--is = ! fir/ & la/ "t m5tion$4 ,t y y\rself accept$ ?is z ! limit ( y\r au?ority1 is prov$ by y\r ,spee* 9 ,convocation4 8,we may be satisfi$0 7y said7 8) ! attempt to correct pla9 & cle> errors3 b !re1 x is our duty to /op407#hid7 ,n[ ,i v5ture to ass]t t n "o 9 a hundr$ ( ! alt]ations y h actually made1 8:e!r 9 ! ,greek ,text orig9ally adopt$ by ! ,translators1 or 9 ! ,translation made f ! same10 are corrections ( 8pla9 & cle> errors40 ,r1--7to adopt ! words ( ! le>n$ ,bi%op ( ,l9coln17--8,i fe> we mu/ say 9 c&\r t 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion we meet 9 e page ) *anges :i* seem almo/ to be made = ! sake ( *ange407#hie7 ,may ,i tr\ble y to ref] back to p4 #aab ( ! pres5t volume = a few words m on ?is subject f ! p5 ( ! same judici\s ,prelate8 7a7 ,& fir/1--,9 respect ( ! ,new ,engli% ,v]sion4 ,= my own "p1 7see above1 pp4 #aga-b17 ,i ?\ght ! be/ ?+ ,i c\ld d w\ld be to illu/rate ! nature ( my compla9t1 by cit+ & comm5t+ on an actual in/ance ( y\r me?od4 ,i %[$ h[1 9 revis+ eight-&-?irty words 7#b ,pet4 i4 #e-g71 y _h contriv$ to introduce no few] ?an ?irty *anges1--e "o ( !m be+ cle>ly a *ange = ! worse4 ,y w p]haps say1--,f9d me ano!r su* case6 ,i f9d x1 my "l ,bi%op1 9 ,s4 ,luke viii4 #de1 #df1--:]e y h made n9ete5 *anges 9 revis+ ! translation ( f\r-&-?irty words4 ,i proce$ to transcribe ! passage2 reque/+ y to be> 9 m9d y\r own emphatic prote/ation1--8,we made no *ange if ! mean+ 0 fairly express$ by ! ^w or phrase be=e u40 ,a4,v4 ,r4,v4 8,pet] & !y t 7 8,pet] said #a1 & !y ) him said1 ,ma/]1 t 7 ) him1 ! multitude ?rong !e ,ma/] ! multitudes #b & press !e1 & press #c !e & cru% saye/ ?\1 ,:o t\*$ !e #e1 #f1 #g1 #h1 #i1 #aj4 me8 ,& ,jesus said1 ,b #aa ,jesus said1 ,"s ,somebody ha? t\*$ me3 "o #ab did t\* #ad = ,i p]ceive t me3 = ,i p]ceiv$ #ae virtue is gone out ( t p[] #af _h #ag me40 gone =? #ah f #ai me40 ,n[ pray1--,0 n 8! mean+ fairly express$0 be=e8 ,w y tell me t 9 revis+ ,s4 ,luke viii4 #de-f1 y 8made z few alt]ations z possible08 or w y v5ture to ass]t t y h remov$ none b 8pla9 & cle> errors08 ,on ! contr>y4 ,i *all5ge any compet5t s*ol> 9 ,great ,brita9 to say :e!r e "o ( ^! *anges be n ei!r absolutely useless1 or else decid$ly a *ange = ! worse3 six ( !m be+ d[nright errors4 ,! transposition 9 ! op5+ s5t5ce is infelicit\s1 to say ! lea/4 7,! ,engli% language w n be> su* h&l+4 ,lit]ally1 no d\bt1 ! words mean1 8said ,pet]1 & !y t 7 ) him40 ,b y may n s translate47--,! omission ( ! six int]e/+ words1 indicat$ )9 squ>e brackets1 is a s]i\s blund]47#hif7 ,! words are und\bt$ly g5u9e4 ,i wond] h[ y c h v5tur$ ?us to mutilate ! ,book ( ,life4 ,& :y did y n1 out ( common dec5cy & rev]5ce1 at lea/ 9 ! m>g91 pres]ve a record ( ! /rik+ clause :i* y ?us1--) well-meant assiduity1 b c]ta9ly ) deplorable ra%ness1--=cibly eject$ f ! text8 ,to proce$ h[ev]4--8,multitudes10--8b10--8"o10--8di d10-- 8p[]10--8=?10--8f30--are all sev5 ei!r ne$less *anges1 or improp]1 or undesirable4 8,did t\*10--8p]ceiv$10--8_h gone =?10--are unidiomatic & incorrect expressions4 ,i h already expla9$ ?is else:]e47#hig7 ,! aori/ 77 has "h a p]fect signification1 z 9 c\ntless o!r places3--1 7l 8novi107 is frequ5tly 7z "h7 to be ,engli%$ by ! pres5t 78,i p]ceive073 & 8is gone out ( me0 is ! ne>e/ r5d]+ ( 7#hih7 :i* our language w be>4--,la/ly1 8press0 & 8cru%10 z r5d]+s ( & 1 are inexact & uns*ol>like4 1 7lit]ally 8to encompass0 or 8hem 9107 is "h to 8?rong0 or 8cr[d30 1 7lit]ally 8to squeeze107 is "h to 8press40 ,b 9 fact ! words 7 p]fectly well r5d]$ by our ,translators ( #afaa1 & ought to h be5 let alone4--,?is specim5 may suffice1 7& x is a v fair specim517 ( :at has be5 y\r calamit\s me?od ( revis+ ! ,a4 ,v4 ?r\gh\t4 ,s mu* !n = ! ,revis$ ,engli%4 ,! fate ( ! ,revis$ ,greek is ev5 m extraord9>y4 ,i proce$ to expla9 myself by in/anc+ :at has happ5$ 9 respect ( ! ,,gospel ,,accord+ ,,to ,s4 ,,luke4 7b7 ,next1--,9 respect ( ! ,new ,greek ,text4 ,on exam9+ ! #hcf7hii7 ,greek ,textual corrections :i* y h introduc$ into ^? #aaea v]ses1 ,i f9d t at lea/ #cef ( !m d n affect ! ,engli% r5d]+ at all4 ,i mean to say t ^? #cef 7suppos$7 em5dations are ei!r incapable ( be+ repres5t$ 9 a ,translation1 or at lea/ are n repres5t$4 ,?us1 9 ,s4 ,luke iv4 #c1 :e!r or is read3--9 v]4 #g1 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #h1 :e!r 1 or 4 4 2 :e!r or 2 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #ag1 :e!r or 4 2 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #ah1 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #bj1 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #bc1 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #bg1 :e!r or 41 4 43--9 v]4 #bi1 :e!r or 2 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #ce1 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #ch1 :e!r or 2 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #dc1 :e!r or 2 :e!r or 3--9 v]4 #dd1 :e!r or 3--9 e "o ( ^! cases1 ! ,engli% rema9s ! same1 :i*ev] ( ! alt]native read+s is adopt$4 ,at lea/ #ai !re=e out ( ! #cc *anges :i* y introduc$ into ! ,greek ,text ( ,s4 ,luke iv4 are pla9ly gratuit\s4 ,?irte5 ( ^? #ai1 7or ab\t two-?irds17 are also 9 my op9ion *anges = ! worse3 are no?+ else1 ,i mean1 b sub/itutions ( wrong = "r ,read+s4 ,b t is n my pres5t cont5tion4 ,! po9t ,i am j n[ cont5d+ = is ?is3--,t1 s9ce x c]ta9ly 0 no "p ( y\r 8,in/ructions10 8,rules10 or 8,pr9ciples0 to inv5t a new ,greek ,text1--or inde$ to m$dle ) ! orig9al ,greek at all1 except s f> z 0 absolutely necess>y = ! ,revision ( ! ,engli% ,v]sion1--x is surely a v grave =m ( inaccuracy to ass]t 7z y n[ d7 t y 8adh]$ mo/ closely to y\r ,in/ructions1 & did nei!r m nor less ?an y 7 requir$40--,y "k t y did a va/ deal m ?an y _h any au?ority or "r to d3 a va/ deal m ?an y _h ! %ad[ ( a pretext = do+4 ,worse ?an t4 ,y delib]ately =sook ! prov9ce to :i* y _h be5 exclusively appo9t$ by ! ,s\!rn ,convocation1--& y o/5tati\sly invad$ ano!r & a di/9ct prov9ce2 viz4 ,t ( ! critical ,editor%ip ( ! ,greek ,text3 = :i*1 by y\r own confession1--7,i take leave to rem9d y ( y\r own hone/ av[al1 quot$ above at page #cfi17--y & y\r colleagues knew y\rselves to be incompet5t4 ,=1 :5 ^? #cef :olly gratuit\s & uncall$-= *anges 9 ! ,greek ( ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel come to be exam9$ 9 detail1 !y are f\nd to affect f> m ?an #cef words4 ,by ! result1 #ib words h be5 omitt$2 & #cc add$4 ,no less ?an #abi words h be5 sub/itut$ = o!rs :i* /ood 9 ! text be=e2 & !re are #ff in/ances ( ,transposition1 involv+ ! dislocation ( #ahe words4 ,! *anges ( case1 mood1 t5se1 c41 am\nt 9 addition to #abc47ijj7 ,! sum ( ! words :i* y h ne$lessly m$dl$ ) 9 ! ,greek ,text ( ! ?ird ,gospel proves !re=e to be #efb4 ,at ?is rate1--7s9ce1 exclud+ m>g9al notes & v>iations 9 /ops1 ,scriv5]7#ija7 c\nts #eccg v>i\s read+s 9 8 ,notes17--! numb] ( alt]ations gratuit\sly & uselessly introduc$ by y into ! ,greek ,text ( ! entire ,n4 ,t41 is to be e/imat$ at #ceij4 ,& if1--7z seems probable17--! same g5]al proportion prevails ?r\gh\t y\r entire "w1--x w appe> t ! words :i*1 )\t a %ad[ ( excuse1 y h omitt$ f ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t41 mu/ am\nt to ab\t #eij3 :ile y h add$ 9 ! same gratuit\s way ab\t #baj2 & h ne$lessly sub/itut$ ab\t #hbj4 ,y\r in/ances ( uncall$-= transposition1 7ab\t #dbj 9 numb]17 w h involv$ ! gratuit\s dislocation ( full #aaij words3--:ile ! occasions on :i*1 at ! bidd+ ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 y h alt]$ case1 mood1 t5se1 c41 mu/ am\nt to ab\t #ghj4 ,9 ?is way1 ! sum ( ! *anges y h effect$ 9 ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 9 cle> defiance ( y\r ,in/ructions1--w\ld am\nt1 z already /at$1 to #ceij4 ,n[1 :5 x is consid]$ t n "o ( ^? #ceij *anges 9 ! lea/ degree affects ! ,engli% ,revision1--x is und5iable1 n only t y & y\r fri5ds did :at y 7 )\t au?ority = do+3--b also t y violat$ z well ! _s z ! lett] ( y\r ,in/ructions4 ,z = y\r pres5t ass]tion 7at p4 #cb7 t y 8adh]$ mo/ closely to ! ,in/ructions y receiv$1 & did nei!r m nor less ?an y 7 requir$ to d10--y mu/ submit to be rem9d$ t x sav\rs /rongly ( ! nature ( pure fable4 ,! hi/ory ( ! new ,greek ,text is briefly ?is3--,a majority ( ! ,revis]s--includ+ y\rself1 _! ,*airman1--are f\nd to h put y\rselves almo/ unres]v$ly into ! h&s ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,! result 0 obvi\s4 ,:5 ! m9ority1 head$ by ,dr4 ,scriv5]1 appeal$ to ! *air1 !y f\nd !mselves confront$ by a prejudic$ ,advocate4 ,!y ought to h be5 li/5$ to by an imp>tial ,judge4 ,y1 my "l ,bi%op1 are 9 consequ5ce 7,i regret to say7 responsible = all ! mis*ief :i* has occurr$4 ,! blame ( x re/s at y\r door4 ,& pray disabuse y\rself ( ! imag9ation t 9 :at prec$es ,i h be5 /ret*+ ! numb]s 9 ord] to make out a case aga9/ y4 ,x w\ld be easy to %[ t 9 e/imat+ ! am\nt ( ne$less *anges at #cef out ( #hcf1 ,i am greatly "u ! m>k4 ,i h n includ$ su* cases1 = in/ance1 z y\r sub/itution ( 1 = 1 79 xix4 #ah71 & ( = 79 xx4 #be717ijb7--only le/ y %\ld pret5d t ! transposition affects ! ,engli%1 & !re=e 0 necess>y4 ,_h ,i desir$ to swell ! numb] ,i c\ld h easily %[n t fully half ! *anges y effect$ 9 ! ,greek ,text 7 :olly sup]flu\s = ! ,revision ( ! ,engli% ,translation1 & !re=e 7 entirely )\t excuse4 ,?is1 9 fact1--7give me leave to rem9d y 9 pass+17--is ! true reason :y1 at an e>ly /age ( y\r proce$+s1 y resolv$ t none ( ! *anges y introduc$ into ! ,greek ,text %\ld f9d a record 9 y\r ,engli% m>g94 ,_h any be5 record$1 all mu/ h appe>$4 ,& _h ?is be5 done1 y w\ld h /ood op5ly convict$ ( hav+ utt]ly disreg>d$ ! 8,in/ructions0 y _h receiv$ f ,convocation4 ,) :at face1 = example1 c\ld y1 79 ! m>g9 ( ,s4 ,luke xv4 #ag17 aga9/ ! words 8he said10--h pr9t$ 8 n 08 or1 7at xxiv4 #dd17 aga9/ ! words 8unto !m10--mu/ y n h be5 a%am$ to encumb] ! already ov]cr[d$ m>g9 ) su* an irrelevant /atem5t z1--8 n 08 ,n[1 if ?is 7 all1 y might reply t by my own %[+ ! ,textual *anges compla9$ (1 if !y d no good1 at lea/ d no h>m4 ,b !n1 unhappily1 y & y\r fri5ds h n conf9$ y\rselves to col\rless read+s1 :5 sil5tly up & d[n e "p ( ! ,n4 ,t4 y h introduc$ innovations4 ,i op5 y\r ,new ,engli% ,v]sion at r&om 7,s4 ,john iv4 #ae71 & invite y\r att5tion to ! fir/ in/ance :i* cat*es my eye4 ,y h made ! ,woman ( ,sam>ia compla9 ( ! l5g? ( ! walk f ,sy*> to ,jacob's well3--8,sir1 give me ?is wat]1 t ,i ?ir/ n1 nei!r come all ! way hi!r to draw40--,:at has happ5$8 ,= 1 ,i discov] t y h sil5tly sub/itut$ 4 7,ev5 has no su* mean+3 b let t pass47 ,:at !n 0 y\r au?ority = ?ru/+ 7:i* by ! way is a pat5t absurdity7 into ! ,text8 ,! ^w is f\nd 7,i discov]7 9 only two ,greek ,,mss4 ( _h "*7#ijc7 7,b 71 :i*1 be+ d]iv$ f a common corrupt orig9al1 c only reckon = "o3 & ! reason+ :i* is suppos$ to ju/ify ?is *ange is ?us suppli$ by ,tis*5dorf3--8,if ! ,evangeli/ _h writt5 -1 :o w\ld ev] h dream$ ( turn+ x into -80444 ,no "o1 ( c\rse1 7is ! obvi\s answ]17 except ! invet]ate blund]] :o1 "s #agjj ye>s ago1 see+ be=e him1 r$uplicat$ ! antec$5t 4 ,! sum ( ! matt] is t6444 ,pass #agjj ye>s1 & ! long-s9ce-=gott5 blund] is furbi%$ up afre% by ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1--is urg$ ^u ! wond]+ body ( ,revis]s z ! und\bt$ utt]ance ( ,,! ,,_s1--is accept$ by y\rself2--f9ally1 79 spite ( _m a remon/rance f ,dr4 ,scriv5] & 8 fri5ds17 is ?ru/ ^u ! acceptance ( #ij millions ( ,engli%-speak+ m5 ?r\gh\t ! _w1 z ! long-lo/-sight-(1 b at la/ happily recov]$1 utt]ance ( ! 8,woman ( ,sam>ia60444 4 ,ord9>y read]s1 9 ! meantime1 w ( c\rse assume t ! *ange results f ! ,revis]s' skill 9 translat+1--! advances :i* h be5 made 9 ! /udy ( ,greek2 = no trace ( ! textual vag>y be=e u survives 9 ! ,engli% m>g94 ,& ?us ,i am rem9d$ ( :at ,i hold to be y\r grave/ fault ( all4 ,! rule ( ,committee subject to :i* y comm5c$ op]ations1--! ,rule :i* re-assur$ ! public & reconcil$ ! ,*ur* to ! prospect ( a ,revis$ ,new ,te/am5t1--expressly provid$ t1 :5ev] ! und]ly+ ,greek ,text 0 alt]$1 su* alt]ation %\ld be indicat$ 9 ! m>g94 ,?is provision y entirely set at defiance f ! v fir/4 ,y h nev] indicat$ 9 ! m>g9 ! alt]ations y introduc$ into ! ,greek ,text4 ,9 fact1 y made s _m *anges1--9 o!r words1 y seem to h s entirely lo/ sight ( y\r pl$ge & y\r compact1--t compliance ) ?is condition w\ld h be5 simply impossible4 ,i see n h[ y\r body is to be acquitt$ ( a delib]ate brea* ( fai?4 7c7 ,fatal consequ5ces ( ?is mi/ak5 (fici\sness4 ,h[ s]i\s1 9 ! meantime1 ! consequ5ces h be51 !y only "k :o h be5 at ! pa9s to exam9e y\r "w ) close att5tion4 ,n only h y1 on c\ntless occasions1 ?ru/ out words1 clauses1 entire s5t5ces ( g5u9e ,scripture1--b y h be5 c>eful t no trace %all survive ( ! fatal injury :i* y h inflict$4 ,i wond] y 7 n afraid4 ,c ,i be wrong 9 deem+ su* a proce$+ 9 a high degree s9ful8 ,has n ! ,,_s pron\nc$ a trem5d\s doom7#ijd7 aga9/ ^? :o d su* ?+s8 ,7 y n afraid1 = in/ance1 to leave out 7f ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #aa7 ^? solemn words ( our ,,savi\r1--8,v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,x %all be m tol]able = ,sodom & ,gomorrha 9 ! day ( judgm5t1 ?an = t city08 ,surely y w n pret5d to tell me t ^? fifte5 preci\s words1 witness$ to z !y are by all ! kn[n copies b n9e1--by ! ,old ,lat91 ! ,pes*ito & ! ,philox5ian ,syriac1 ! ,coptic1 ! ,go?ic & ! ?iopic ,v]sions1--besides ,ir5u7#ije7 & ,victor7#ijf7 ( ,antio*3--y w n v5ture to say 7w y87 t words s atte/$ are s evid5tly a 8pla9 & cle> error10 z n to des]ve ev5 a m>g9al note to atte/ to po/]ity 8t su* ?+s 706 ,i say no?+ ( ! witness ( ! ,liturgical usage ( ! ,ea/]n ,*ur*1--:i* appo9t$ ^! v]ses to be read on ,s4 ,m>k's ,day37#ijg7 nor ( ,!ophylact17#ijh7 nor ( ,eu?ymius47#iji7 ,i appeal to ! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ,ca?olic antiquity4 ,f9d me old] witnesses1 if y c1 ?an ! 8,eld]s0 ) :om ,ir5u held conv]se1--m5 :o mu/ h be5 contempor>ies ( ,s4 ,john ! ,div9e3 or aga91 ?an ! old ,lat91 ! ,pes*ito1 & ! ,coptic ,v]sions4 ,!n1 = ! ,,mss41--,h y /udi$ ,s4 ,m>k's ,text to s little purpose z n to h discov]$ t ! six uncials on :i* y rely are ! depositories ( an abom9ably corrupt ,rec5sion ( ! second ,gospel8 ,b y committ$ a yet m deplorable error :51--)\t leav+ beh9d ei!r note or comm5t ( any sort1--y oblit]at$ f ,s4 ,mat?4 v4 #dd1 ! solemn words :i* ,i proce$ to und]l9e3--8,bless !m t curse y1 d good to !m t hate y1 & pray = !m :i* despitefully use y & p]secute y40 ,y reli$ almo/ exclusively on ^? two false witnesses1 ( :i* y are s sup]/iti\sly fond1 ,b & 3 reg>dless ( ! te/imony ( almo/ all ! o!r ,,copies besides3--( almo/ all ! ,,v]sions3--& ( a ho/ ( primitive ,,fa!rs3 = ! miss+ clauses are m or less recogniz$ by ,ju/9 ,m>t4 7,a4,d4 #adj71--;by ,!ophilus ,ant4 7,a4,d4 #afh71--;by ,a!nagoras 7,a4,d4 #agg71--;by ,clem5s ,alexan4 7,a4,d4 #aib71--;by ,orig5 7,a4,d4 #baj71--;by ! ,apo/olic ,con/t4 7,i,i,ird c5t471--by ,eusebius1--by ,gregory ,nyss41--by ,*ryso/om1--by ,isidorus1--by ,nilus1--by ,cyril1--by ,!odoret1 & c]ta9 o!rs4 ,besides1 ( ! ,lat9s1 by ,t]tullian1--by ,lucif]1--by ,ambrose1--by ,hil>y1--by ,pacian1--by ,augu/9e1--by ,cassian1 & _m m4444 ,v]ily1 my "l ,bi%op1 y\r notion ( :at con/itutes 8cle>ly prepond]at+ ,evid5ce0 mu/ be freely admitt$ to be at once orig9al & peculi>4 ,i w b respectfully decl>e t if x be inde$ "o ( 8! n[ e/abli%$ ,pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism0 t a bi%op is at lib]ty to blot out f ! ,gospel su* precepts ( ! ,inc>nate ,,^w1 z ^!3 to reject1 on ! plea t !y are 8pla9 & cle> errors10 say+s atte/$ by twelve primitive ,fa!rs1--half ( :om liv$ & di$ be=e our two olde/ manuscripts 7,b & 7 came into be+3--,if all ?is be s inde$1 p]mit me to decl>e t ,i w\ld n ex*ange ,,my 8innoc5t ignorance07#iaj7 ( ^? 8,pr9ciples0 = ,,y\r guilty k ( !m1--no1 n = any?+ 9 ! wide _w :i* yond] sun %9es d[n ^u4 ,z if :at goes be=e _h n be5 injury en\gh1 y are f\nd to h adopt$ ! extraord9>y practice ( encumb]+ y\r m>g9 ) d\bts z to ! ,read+s :i* aft] due delib]ation y _h1 z a body1 reta9$4 ,/range p]v]sity6 ,y c\ld n f9d room to reta9 a record 9 y\r m>g9 ( ! _m g5u9e words ( our ,div9e ,,"l1--,8 ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les1--to :i* ,copies1 ,v]sions1 ,fa!rs l5d ! fulle/ atte/ation2 b y c\ld f9d room = an ins9uation t ,8 8,agony & bloody sweat10--toge!r ) ,8 8,pray] on behalf ( ,8 murd]]s10--may aft] all prove to be no?+ else b spuri\s accretions to ! ,text4 ,& yet1 ! pret5ce = s reg>d+ ei!r ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #dc1 #dd1 or xxiii4 #cd1 is confess$ly f\nd$ on a m9imum ( docum5t>y evid5ce3 :ile1 z has be5 already %[n else:]e17#iaa7 an ov]:elm+ am\nt ( anci5t te/imony r5d]s x c]ta9 t n a p>ticle ( d\bt atta*es to ! ,div9e record ( ei!r ( ^? /up5d\s incid5ts4444 ,room c\ld n be f\nd1 x seems1 = a h9t 9 ! m>g9 t su* gha/ly w\nds z ^? above specifi$ _h be5 inflict$ on ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #aa & ,s4 ,mat?4 v4 #dd27iab7 b tw5ty-two l9es c\ld be sp>$ aga9/ ,rom4 ix4 #e = ! free v5tilation ( ! vile ,soc9ian gloss ) :i* unbeliev]s 9 e age h s\ght to evacuate "o ( ! gr&e/ ass]tions ( our ,,savi\r',s ,,godhead4 ,may ,i be p]mitt$1 )\t (f5ce1 to av[ myself utt]ly a/oni%$8 ,ev5 ?is h[ev] is n all4 ,! #g? ( ! ,rules "u :i* y und]took ! "w ( ,revision1 01 t 8! ,head+s ( ,*apt]s %\ld be revis$40 ,?is ,rule y h n only fail$ to comply )2 b y h actually depriv$ u ( ^? head+s entirely4 ,y h !reby done u a griev\s wrong4 ,we dem& to h ! head+s ( our *apt]s back4 ,y h fur!r1 )\t w>rant ( any sort1 depriv$ u ( our ,m>g9al ,ref]5ces4 ,^! we _c af=d to be )\t4 ,we claim t !y also may be re/or$4 ,! v be/ ,comm5t>y on ,holy ,scripture are !y1 ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$4 ,!y call = le>n$ & judici\s ,revision1 c]ta9ly2 & !y might be pr(itably enl>g$4 ,b !y may nev] be tak5 away4 ,& n[1 my "l ,bi%op1 if ,i h n succe$$ 9 conv9c+ y t ! ,revis]s n only 8exce$$ _! ,in/ructions 9 ! c\rse :i* !y adopt$ ) reg>d to ! ,greek ,text10 b ev5 act$ 9 op5 defiance ( _! ,in/ructions2 did bo? a va/ deal m ?an !y 7 au?oriz$ to d1 & also a va/ deal less2--x has c]ta9ly be5 no fault ( m9e4 ,z = y\r orig9al cont5tion7#iac7 t 8no?+ c be m unju/0 ?an ,,! ,,*>ge br\ght aga9/ ! ,revis]s ( hav+ exce$$ _! ,in/ructions1--,i v5ture to ask1 on ! contr>y1 :e!r any?+ c be m unreasonable 7to give x no h>%] "n7 ?an ,,! ,,d5ial8 #af ,! calamity ( ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 trac$ to its s\rce4 ,!re is no difficulty 9 acc\nt+ = ! mo/ s]i\s ( ! =ego+ ph5om5a4 ,!y are ! inevitable consequ5ce ( y\r hav+ s f> succumb$ at ! outset to ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort z to p]mit !m to communicate bit by bit1 "u promise ( secrecy1 _! own outrage\s ,revis$ ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 to _! colleagues1 accompani$ by a pr9t$ disquisition 9 advocacy ( _! own peculi> critical views4 ,"o w\ld h expect$ 9 ! ,*airman ( ! ,revis+ body1 t ! in/ant he became aw>e ( any su* manuvre on ! "p ( two ( ! society1 he w\ld h remon/rat$ ) !m some:at z foll[s1 or at lea/ to ?is effect3-- 8,?is _c be p]mitt$1 ,g5tlem51 on any t]ms4 ,we h n be5 appo9t$ to revise ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,our "o bus9ess is to revise ! ,au?oriz$ ,engli% ,v]sion1--introduc+ su* *anges only z are absolutely necess>y4 ,! ,resolutions ( ,convocation are express on ?is head3 & x is my duty to see t !y are fai?fully c>ri$ out4 ,true1 t we %all be oblig$ to avail ourselves ( our skill 9 ,textual ,criticism--7su* z x is7--to correct #8pla9 & cle> errors' 9 ! ,greek3 b !re we %all be oblig$ to /op4 ,i /& pl$g$ to ,convocation on ?is po9t by my own rec5t utt]ances4 ,t two ( our memb]s %\ld be solicit\s 7by a side-w9d7 to obta9 = _! own s+ul> ,revision ( ! ,greek ,text ! sanction ( our unit$ body1--is intelligible en\gh3 b ,i %\ld consid] myself guilty ( a brea* ( ,tru/ 7 ,i to l5d myself to ! promotion ( _! object4 ,let me hope t ,i h y all ) me :5 ,i po9t out t on e occasion :5 ,dr4 ,scriv5]1 on ! "o h&1 7:o 9 matt]s ( ,textual ,criticism is facile pr9ceps among u17 & ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort on ! o!r1 prove to be irreconcileably oppos$ 9 _! views1--!re ! ,receiv$ ,greek ,text mu/ by all means be let alone4 ,we h agre$1 y w rememb]1 to #8make ! curr5t ,textus ,receptus ! /&>d2 dep>t+ f x only :5 critical or grammatical consid]ations %[ t x is cle>ly necess>y4'7#iad7 ,x w\ld be unreasonable1 9 my judgm5t1 t any?+ 9 ! ,receiv$ ,text %\ld be claim$ to be #8a cle> & pla9 error1' on :i* ^? :o repres5t ! two antagoni/ic s*ools ( ,criticism f9d !mselves utt]ly unable to come to any accord4 ,9 ! meantime1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort are e>ne/ly recomm5d$ to submit to public inspection t ,text :i* !y h be5 = tw5ty ye>s elaborat+1 & :i* = "s "t pa/ has be5 9 pr9t4 ,_! lab\rs _c be too freely v5tilat$1 too se>*+ly exam9$1 too g5]ally kn[n3 b ,i /rongly deprecate _! furtive production "h4 ,all too eag] advocacy ( ! novel ,!ory ( ! two accompli%$ ,pr(essors1 ,i %all ?9k x my duty to disc\rage1 & if ne$ be to repress4 ,a pr9t$ volume1 en=c$ by ! suasive rhetoric ( its two produc]s1 gives to "o side an unfair advantage4 ,b inde$ ,i mu/ end z ,i began1 by respectfully invit+ ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort to rememb] t we meet "h1 n 9 ord] to fabricate a new ,greek ,text1 b 9 ord] to revise our #8,au?oriz$ ,engli% ,v]sion4'0444 ,su*1 9 sub/ance1 is ! k9d ( ,allocution :i* x 0 to h be5 expect$ t ! ,episcopal ,*airman ( a ,revis+ body w\ld address to 8 fell[-lab\r]s ! fir/ "t he saw !m ent] ! ,j]usalem *amb] furni%$ ) ! %eets ( ,we/cott & ,hort's ,n4 ,t42 especially if he 0 aw>e t ^? ,revis]s _h be5 individually talk$ ov] by ! ,editors ( ! "w 9 "q1 7!mselves ,revisioni/s72 & p]ceiv$ t ! result ( ! delib]ations ( ! entire body 0 9 consequ5ce1 9 a fair way ( becom+ a =egone conclusion1--unless inde$1 by e>ne/ remon/rance1 he might be yet 9 "t to /ave (f ! ?reat5$ dang]4 ,b in/ead ( say+ any?+ ( ?is k9d1 my "l ,bi%op1 x is cle> f y\r pamphlet t y made ! ,!ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort y\r own ,!ory2 & _! ,text1 by necess>y consequ5ce1 9 ! ma9 y\r own ,text4 ,y lo/ sight ( all ! pl$ges y _h giv5 9 ,convocation4 ,y sudd5ly became a p>tizan4 ,hav+ secur$ ! preci\s advocacy ( ,bp4 ,wilb]=ce1--^: s5tim5ts on ! subject y _h be=e adopt$1--y at once ?rew him & !m ov]bo>d47#iae7444 ,i c sc>cely imag9e1 9 a good man l y\rself1 conduct m reckless1--m disappo9t+1--m un9telligible4 ,b ,i mu/ ha/5 on4 #ag ,bp4 ,ellicott's def5ce ( ! 8,new ,greek ,text10 9 sixte5 p>ticul>s1 exam9$4 ,x foll[s to consid] ! /range/ feature ( y\r pamphlet3 viz4 ^? two-&-?irty pages 7p4 #dc to p4 #ge7 9 :i*1 desc5d+ f g5]als1 y v5ture to dispute 9 sixte5 p>ticul>s ! s5t5ce pass$ ^u y\r new ,greek ,text by ! ,qu>t]ly ,review4 ,i call ?is "p ( y\r pamphlet 8/range10 because x displays su* s+ul> inaptitude to appreciate ! =ce ( ,evid5ce4 ,b 9 fact1 7sit v5ia v]bo7 y\r entire me?od is q unwor?y ( y4 ,:]eas ,i appeal ?r\gh\t to ,anci5t ,te/imony1 y seek to put me d[n by flaunt+ 9 my face ,mod]n ,op9ion4 ,?is1 ) a great deal ( ,reit]ation1 proves to be lit]ally ! sum ( y\r cont5tion4 ,?us1 conc]n+ ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #be1 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review] po9t$ out 7supr pp4 #abc-d7 t ! te/imony ( ,b 1 toge!r ) t ( ! ,v,ith-c5tury fragm5t ,z1 & two cursive copies ( bad "*1--_c possibly /& aga9/ ! te/imony ( ,,all ,,o!r copies4 ,y plead 9 reply t on 8^? two olde/ manuscripts ! va/ majority ( ,critics set a high value40 ,v likely3 b = all t1 y are ,i suppose aw>e t ,b & are two ( ! mo/ corrupt docum5ts 9 exi/5ce8 ,&1 inasmu* z !y are confess$ly d]iv$ f "o & ! same deprav$ orig9al1 y w ,i presume all[ t !y may n be adduc$ z two indep5d5t au?orities8 ,at all ev5ts1 :5 ,i fur!r %[ y t almo/ all ! ,v]sions1 & lit]ally e "o ( ! ,fa!rs :o quote ! place1 7!y are eighte5 9 numb]17 are aga9/ y1--h[ c y possibly ?9k !re is any =ce or relevancy :atev] 9 y\r self-complac5t ann\ncem5t1--8,we _c hesitate to express our agreem5t ) ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles :o see 9 ^! words an int]polation d]iv$ f ,s4 ,luke4 ,! same appe>s to h be5 ! judgm5t ( ,la*mann40 ,d y desire t t %\ld pass = argum5t8 ,to prolong a discussion ( ?is nature ) y1 7 pla9ly futile4 ,in/ead ( repeat+ :at ,i h already deliv]$--briefly inde$1 yet suffici5tly 9 detail1--,i w cont5t myself ) humbly imitat+ :at1 if ,i rememb] rightly1 0 ,nelson's plan :5 he f\ght ! battle ( ! ,nile4 ,he br\ght 8 frigates1 "o by "o1 alongside ^? ( ! enemy2--la%$ himself to ! foe2--& p\r$ 9 8 broadsides4 ,we rememb] ) :at result4 ,! sixte5 in/ances :i* y h y\rself select$1 %all n[ be indicat$4 ,fir/1 on e occasion1 ref]5ce %all be made to ! place 9 ! pres5t volume :]e my own ,criticism on y\r ,greek ,text is to be f\nd 9 detail4 ,read]s ( y\r pamphlet are invit$ next to ref] to y\r own sev]al attempts at refutation1 :i* %all also be indicat$ by a ref]5ce to y\r pages4 ,i am q cont5t$ to abide by ! v]dict ( any unprejudic$ p]son ( av]age und]/&+ & fair education3-- 7#a7 ,f\r words omitt$ 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #be1--;compla9$ (1 above1 pp4 #abb-d4--,y def5d ! omission 9 y\r pamphlet at pages #dc-d1--;fall+ back on ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles & ,la*mann1 z expla9$ on ! opposite page4 7p4 #daf47 7#b7 ,! omission ( ,s4 ,mat?4 xvii4 #ba1--prov$ to be indef5sible1 above1 pp4 #ia-b4--,! omission is def5d$ by y at pp4 #dd-e1--on ! gr\nd1 t al?\gh ,la*mann reta9s ! v]se1 & ,tregelles only places x 9 brackets1 7,tis*5dorf alone ( ! ?ree omitt+ x entirely17--8x mu/ be rememb]$ t "h ,la*mann & ,tregelles 7 n acqua9t$ ) 40 7#c7 ,! omission ( ,s4 ,mat?4 xviii4 #aa1--%[n to be unreasonable1 above1 p4 #ib4--,y def5d ! omission 9 y\r pp4 #de-g1--rem>k+ t 8"h !re is ev5 less room = d\bt ?an 9 ! prec$+ cases4 ,! ?ree critical editors are all agre$ 9 reject+ ?is v]se40 7#d7 ,! sub/itution ( = 1 9 ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #bj1--/rongly compla9$ (1 above1 pp4 #ff-i4--,y\r def5ce is at pp4 #dg-h4 ,y urge t 89 ?is case aga9 ! ,revis]s h ,tis*5dorf only on _! side1 & n ,la*mann nor ,tregelles3 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ^! critics _h n ! read+ ( be=e !m40 7#e7 ,! ?ru/+ ( 7aft] 7 into ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #c1--object$ aga9/1 above1 pp4 #ef-h4--,y def5d y\rself at pp4 #dh-i1--;& 8_c d\bt t ! ,revis]s 7 p]fectly ju/ifi$0 9 do+ 8z ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles _h done be=e !m10--viz4 inv5t+ a new ,gospel incid5t4 7#f7 ,! mess y h made ( ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #h1--;expos$ by ! ,qu>t]ly ,review]1 above1 pp4 #eh-fa1--y def5d at pp4 #di-eb4 ,y h 8pref]r$ to read ) ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles40 ,ab\t1 7#g7 ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj1--;& 7#h7 ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad1--;,i %all h a few s]i\s words to say imm$iately4 ,ab\t1 7#i7 ! #bj c]ta9ly g5u9e words y h omitt$ f ,s4 ,luke ix4 #ee1 #ef1--;,i promise to give y at no di/ant date an elaborate lecture4 8,are we to und]/&0 7y ask7 8t ! ,review] hone/ly believes ! add$ words to h =m$ "p ( ! ,sacr$ ,autograph80 78,! omitt$ words10 y mean47 ,to be sure y are6--,i answ]4 7#aj7 ,! amaz+ blund] endors$ by ! ,revis]s 9 ,s4 ,luke x4 #ae2 :i* ,i h expos$ above1 at pp4 #ed-f4--,y def5d ! blund] 7z usual7 at pp4 #ee-f1 rem>k+ t ! ,revis]s1 8) ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 & ,tregelles1 adopt ! int]rogative =m40 7,?is seems to be a "p ( y\r /yle47 7#aa7 ,! deprav$ exhibition ( ! ,,"l',s ,pray] 7,s4 ,luke xi4 #b-d7 :i* ,i h comm5t$ on above1 at pp4 #cd-f1--y applaud 7z usual7 at pp4 #ef-h ( y\r pamphlet1 8) ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles40 7#ab7 ,! omission ( #g important words 9 ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ch1 ,i h comm5t$ on1 above1 at pp4 #he-h4--,y def5d ! omission1 & 8! texts ( ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles10 at pp4 #eh-i4 7#ac7 ,! gross fabrication 9 ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #de1 ,i h expos$1 above1 at pp4 #fa-e4--,y def5d x1 at pp4 #ei-fa4 7#ad7 ,a pla9 omission 9 ,s4 ,john xiv4 #d1 ,i h po9t$ out1 above1 at pp4 #gb-c4--,y def5d x1 at pp4 #fa-b ( y\r pamphlet4 7#ae7 8,titus ,ju/us10 ?ru/ by ! ,revis]s into ,acts xviii4 #g1 ,i h %[n to be an imag9>y p]sonage1 above1 at pp4 #ec-d4--,y /& up = ! int]e/+ /rang] at pp4 #fb-d ( y\r pamphlet4 ,la/ly1 7#af7 ,my discussion ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af 7supr pp4 #ih-ajf71--y cont5d aga9/ f p4 #fd to p4 #gf4--,! true read+ ( ?is important place1 7:i* is n y\r read+17 y w f9d fully discuss$ f p4 #dbd to p4 #eja4 ,i h already /at$ :y ,i dismiss ?irte5 out ( y\r sixte5 in/ances 9 ?is summ>y mann]4 ,! rema9+ ?ree ,i h res]v$ = fur!r discussion = a reason ,i proce$ to expla94 #ah ,bp4 ,ellicott's claim t ! ,revis]s 7 guid$ by 8! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t ,au?orities10--disprov$ by an appeal to _! h&l+ ( ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad & ( ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj4 ,! self-same claim1--7namely1 ( abid+ by ! v]dict ( ,ca?olic ,antiquity17--v9dicat$1 on ! contr>y1 = ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review]40 ,y lab\r h>d ?r\gh\t y\r pamphlet to make x appe> t ! po9t at :i* our me?ods1 7y\rs & m9e17 respectively div]ge1--is1 t ,i insi/ on mak+ my appeal to ! 8,textus ,receptus20 y1 to ,anci5t ,au?ority4 ,b happily1 my "l ,bi%op1 ?is is a po9t :i* admits ( be+ br\ght to issue by an appeal to fact4 ,y %all fir/ be he>d3 & y are obs]v$ to express y\rself on behalf ( ! ,revis+ body1 z foll[s3 8,x 0 impossible to mi/ake ! conviction ^u :i* its ,textual decisions 7 bas$4 8,x 0 a conviction t 7#a7 ,,! ,,true ,,text ,,0 ,,n ,,to ,,be ,,s\ght ,,9 ,,! ,,textus ,,receptus2 or 7#b7 ,9 ! bulk ( ! ,cursive ,manuscripts2 or 7#c7 ,9 ! ,uncials 7) or )\t ! support ( ! ,codex ,alex&r9us27 or 7#d7 ,9 ! ,fa!rs :o liv$ aft] ,*ryso/om2 or 7#e7 ,9 ,*ryso/om himself & 8 contempor>ies2 ,,b 7#f7 ,,9 ,,! ,,cons5ti5t ,,te/imony ,,( ,,! ,,mo/ ,,anci5t ,,au?orities40--7p4 #bh47 ,9 su* t]ms y v5ture to contra/ our respective me?ods4 ,y want ! public to believe t ,i make ! 8,textus ,receptus0 8a /&>d f :i* !re %all be no appeal10--ent]ta9 8! notion t x is little else ?an sacrilege to impugn ! tradition ( ! la/ #cjj ye>s107#iaf7--;& s =?2--:ile y & y\r colleagues act ^u ! conviction t ! ,tru? is r to be s\ght 89 ! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t ,au?orities40 ,i proce$ to %[ y1 by appeal+ to an actual in/ance1 t nei!r ( ^! /atem5ts is correct4 7a7 ,& fir/1 p]mit me to speak = myself4 ,f9d+ t y *all5ge ! ,receiv$ read+ ( ,s4 ,,luke ii4 #ad1 78good w t[>ds m5072--& t1 7on ! au?ority ( #d ,greek ,codices ,a ,b ,d1 all ,lat9 docum5ts1 & ! ,go?ic ,v]sion17 y cont5d t 8peace among m5 9 :om he is well pleas$0 ought to be read1 in/ead2--,i make my appeal unres]v$ly to ,,antiquity47#iag7 ,i reque/ ! ,anci5ts to adjudicate betwe5 y & me by fav\r+ u ) _! v]dict4 ,accord+ly1 ,i f9d z foll[s3 ,t1 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury1--! ,syriac ,v]sions & ,ir5u support ! ,receiv$ ,text3 ,t1 9 ! ,i,i,ird c5tury1--! ,coptic ,v]sion1--,orig5 9 #c places1 &--! ,apo/olical ,con/itutions 9 #b1 d ! same3 ,t1 9 ! ,i,vth c5tury1 7to :i* c5tury1 y are invit$ to rememb]1 codices ,b & belong17--,eusebius1--,aphraates ! ,p]sian1--,titus ( ,bo/ra1--ea* 9 #b places3--,didymus 9 #c3--;,gregory ( ,nazianzus1--,cyril ( ,j]41--,epiphanius #b--;& ,gregory ( ,nyssa--#d times3 ,ephraem ,syr41--,philo bp4 ( ,c>pasus1--,*ryso/om #i times1--& an unkn[n ,antio*ian contempor>y ( 83--^! elev51 ,i once m f9d1 are e "o aga9/ y3 ,t1 9 ! ,v? c5tury1--besides ! ,arm5ian ,v]sion1 ,cyril ( ,alex4 9 #ad places3--,!odoret 9 #d3--,!odotus ( ,ancyra 9 #e3--,proclus3--,paulus ( ,emesa3--! ,ea/]n bi%ops ( ,ephesus collectively1 ,a4,d4 #dca2--;& ,basil ( ,seleucia3--^! contempor>ies ( cod4 ,a ,i f9d are all eight aga9/ y3 ,t1 9 ! ,v,ith c5tury1--besides ! ,georgian--& ?iopic ,v]sions1--,cosmas1 #e times3--,ana/asius ,s9ait4 & ,eulogius1 7contempor>ies ( cod4 ,d17 are all ?ree ) ! ,traditional ,text3 ,t1 9 ! ,v,i,ith & ,v,i,i,ith c5turies1--,&reas ( ,crete1 #b3--pope ,m>t9us at ! ,lat4 ,c\ncil3--,cosmas1 bp4 ( ,maiume ne> ,gaza1--& 8 pupil ,john ,damasc5e2--toge!r ) ,g]manus1 abp4 ( ,con/ant9ople3--are aga9 all five ) ! ,traditional ,text4 ,to ^! #ce1 mu/ be add$ #ah o!r anci5t au?orities ) :i* ! read] has be5 already made acqua9t$ 7viz4 at pp4 #dd-e73 all ( :i* be> ! self-same evid5ce4 ,?us ,i h enum]at$ fifty-?ree anci5t ,greek au?orities1--( :i* sixte5 belong to ! ,i,ind1 ,i,i,ird1 & ,i,vth c5turies3 & ?irty-sev5 to ! ,v?1 ,v,ith1 ,v,i,ith1 & ,v,i,i,ith4 ,& n[1 :i* ( u two is f\nd to h made ! fair] & ! full] appeal to 8! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t au?orities30 y or ,i8444 ,?is fir/4 ,& next1 s9ce ! =ego+ #ec names belong to "s ( ! mo/ fam\s p]sonages 9 ,ecclesia/ical antiquity3 are dott$ ov] e region ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom3 9 _m in/ances are f> m anci5t ?an codices ,b & 3--) :at %[ ( reason w y pret5d t ! evid5ce conc]n+ ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ad 8cle>ly prepond]ates0 9 fav\r ( ! read+ :i* y & y\r fri5ds pref]8 ,i claim at all ev5ts to h demon/rat$ t bo? y\r /atem5ts are unf\nd$3 viz4 7#a7 ,t ,i seek = ! tru? ( ,scripture 9 ! 8,textus ,receptus30 & 7#b7 ,t y seek x 9 8! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t au?orities40--7,:y n frankly av[ t y believe ! ,tru? ( ,scripture is to be s\ght =1 & f\nd1 9 8! cons5ti5t te/imony ( codices & ,b087 7b7 ,simil>ly1 conc]n+ ,,! ,,la/ #ab ,,v]ses ,,( ,s4 ,,m>k1 :i* y br& ) suspicion & sep>ate (f f ! re/ ( ! ,gospel1 9 tok5 t1 9 y\r op9ion1 !re is 8a brea* ( cont9uity0 7p4 #ec71 7:atev] t may mean17 betwe5 v]ses #h & #i4 ,y\r gr\nd = ?us disall[+ ! la/ #ab ,v]ses ( ! second ,gospel1 is1 t ,b & omit !m3--t a few late ,,mss4 exhibit a wret*$ alt]native = !m3--& t ,eusebius says !y 7 (t5 away4 ,n[1 my me?od on ! contr>y is to ref] all su* que/ions to 8! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t au?orities40 ,& ,i invite y to note ! result ( su* an appeal 9 ! pres5t in/ance4 ,! ,v]ses 9 "q ,i f9d are recogniz$1 ,9 ! ,i,ind c5tury1--,by ! ,old ,lat9--& ,syriac ,v]ss43--by ,papias2--,ju/9 ,m42--,ir5u2--,t]tullian4 ,9 ! ,i,i,ird c5tury1--,by ! ,coptic--& ! ,sahidic ,v]sions3--by ,hippolytus2--by ,v9c5tius at ! sev5? ,c\ncil ( ,c>?age2--by ! 8,acta ,pilati20--& by ! 8,apo/olical ,con/itutions0 9 two places4 ,9 ! ,i,vth c5tury1--,by ,cureton's ,syr4 & ! ,go?ic ,v]ss43--besides ! ,syriac ,table ( ,canons2--,eusebius2--,mac>ius ,magnes2--,aphraates2--,didymus2--! ,syriac 8,acts ( ! ,ap420--,epiphanius2--,leontius2--ps4-,e phraem2--,ambrose2--,*ryso/om2--,j]ome2- -,augu/9e4 ,9 ! ,v? c5tury1--,besides ! ,arm5ian ,v]s41--by codices ,a & ,c2--by ,leo2--,ne/orius2--,cyril ( ,alex&ria2--,victor ( ,antio*2--,patricius2--,m>ius ,m]cator4 ,9 ! ,v,ith & ,v,i,ith c5turies1--,besides cod4 ,d1--! ,georgian & ?iopic ,v]ss43--by ,hesy*ius2--,greg5tius2--,prosp]2--,john 1 abp4 ( ,!ssalonica2--& ,mode/us1 bi%op ( ,j]usalem4444 7,see above1 pages #cf-dj47 ,& n[1 once m1 my "l ,bi%op1--,pray :i* ( u is x1--y or ,i1--:o seeks = ! tru? ( ,scripture 89 ! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t au?orities08 ,on my side !re h be5 adduc$ 9 evid5ce six witnesses ( ! ,i,ind c5tury3--six ( ! ,i,i,ird3--fifte5 ( ! ,i,vth3--n9e ( ! ,v?3--eight ( ! ,v,ith & ,v,i,ith1--7#dd 9 all73 :ile y are f\nd to rely on codices ,b & 7z be=e71 support$ by a s+le obit] dictum ( ,eusebius4 ,i h said no?+ z yet ab\t ! :ole body ( ! ,copies3 no?+ ab\t univ]sal1 immemorial1 ,liturgical use4 ,d y s]i\sly imag9e t ! te/imony on y\r side is 8decid$ly prepond]at+08 ,above all1 w y v5ture aga9 to exhibit our respective me?ods z 9 y\r pamphlet y h done8 ,i prote/ solemnly t1 9 y\r pages1 ,i recognize nei!r myself nor y4 ,p]mit me to decl>e t ,i hold y\r disall[ance ( ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj to be ! grave/ & mo/ damag+ ( all ! _m mi/akes :i* y & y\r fri5ds h committ$4 8,! textual facts10 7say y1 speak+ ( ! la/ #ab ,v]ses17--8h be5 plac$ be=e ! read]1 because ,tru? itself dem&$ x40 ,?is 7) ,canon ,cook7#iah77 ,i entirely d5y4 ,x is because 8! textual facts h0 ,,n 8be5 plac$ be=e ! read]10 t ,i am (f5d$4 ,z usual1 y pres5t y\r read]s ) a "o-sid$ /atem5t1--a p>tial1 & !re=e inadmissible1 exhibition ( ! facts1--facts :i*1 fully /at$ & fairly expla9$1 w\ld1 7z y _c fail to be aw>e17 be fatal to y\r cont5tion4 ,b1 ,i =be> to /ate s mu* z "o ( !m4 ,! evid5ce has already fill$ a volume47#iai7 ,ev5 if ,i 7 to all[ t 9 y\r m>g9al note1 8! textual facts h be5 fully & fairly plac$ be=e ! read]0--:at possible pret5ce d y suppose !y af=d = sev]+ ! la/ #ab ,v]ses f ! re/ ( ,s4 ,m>k1 9 tok5 t !y =m no "p ( ! g5u9e ,gospel8444 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is only by ! way4 ,i h prov$ to y t x is ,i--n y--:o re/ my case on an appeal to ,,ca?olic ,,antiquity3 & ?is is ! only ?+ ,i am conc]n$ j n[ to e/abli%4 ,i proce$ to contribute some?+ to ! ,textual ,criticism ( a fam\s place 9 ,s4 ,paul's fir/ ,epi/le to ,timo?y1--on :i* y h *all5g$ me to a trial ( /r5g?4 #ai 8,,god 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%0 ,%[n ,to ,be ,! ,true ,read+ ,( #a ,timo?y ,,iii4 #af4 ,a ,diss]tation4 ,9 conclusion1 y insi/ on ripp+ up ! discussion conc]n+ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,i _h already devot$ eight pages to ?is subject47#ibj7 ,y reply 9 twelve47#iba7 ,t ,i may n be ?\ght want+ 9 c\rtesy1 ! pres5t rejo9d] %all ext5d to sev5ty-six4 ,i propose1 )\t repeat+ myself1 to foll[ y ov] ! gr\nd y h re-op5$4 ,b x w be conv5i5t t ,i %\ld def9e at ! outset :at is precisely ! po9t 9 dispute betwe5 y & me4 ,i presume x to be und5iably ?is3--,t :]eas ! ,ea/]ns f "t immemorial1 7& we ) !m1 s9ce ,tyndale 9 #aecd gave u our ,engli% ,v]sion ( ! ,n4 ,t417 h read ! place ?us3--7,i set ! words d[n 9 pla9 ,engli%1 because ! issue admits ( be+ e bit z cle>ly exhibit$ 9 ! v]nacul>1 z 9 ,greek3 & because ,i am det]m9$ t all :o are at ! pa9s to read ! pres5t ,,diss]tation %all und]/& x also37--,:]eas1 ,i say1 we h hi!rto read ! place ?us1 8,,great ,,is ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,godl9ess3--,,god ,,0 ,,manife/ ,,9 ,,! ,,fle%1 ,,ju/ifi$ ,,9 ,,! ,,_s1 ,,se5 ,,( ,,angels1 ,,prea*$ ,,unto ,,! ,,g5tiles1 ,,believ$ ,,on ,,9 ,,! ,,_w1 ,,receiv$ ,,up ,,into ,,glory30 ,y insi/ t ?is is a 8pla9 & cle> error40 ,y cont5d t !re is 8decid$ly prepond]at+ evid5ce0 = read+ in/ead1 8,,great ,,is ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,godl9ess1 ,,:o ,,0 ,,manife/$ ,,9 ,,! ,,fle%1 ,,ju/ifi$ ,,9 ,,! ,,_s10 ,c43 ,:i* cont5tion ( y\rs ,i hold to be demon/rably incorrect1 & proce$ to prove is a complete misconception4 7,a7 ,prelim9>y explanations & cautions4 ,b ,engli% read]s w require to h x expla9$ to !m at ! outset1 t inasmu* z 7,,god7 is inv>iably writt5 9 manuscripts1 ! only diff]5ce betwe5 ! ^w 8,,god0 & ! ^w 8:o0 77 consi/s ( two horizontal /rokes1--"o1 :i* di/+ui%es f 2 & ano!r simil> /roke 7above ! lett]s 7 :i* indicates t a ^w has be5 contract$4 ,& fur!r1 t x 0 ! cu/om to trace ^! two horizontal l9es s wondr\s fa9tly t !y sometimes actually elude obs]vation4 ,?r\gh\t cod4 ,a1 9 fact1 ! lett] is (t5 sc>cely di/+ui%able f ! lett] 4 ,x requires also to be expla9$ = ! b5efit ( ! same ,engli% read]1--7& x w d le>n$ read]s no h>m to be rem9d$17--t 8my/]y0 77 be+ a neut] n\n1 _c be foll[$ by ! mascul9e pron\n 771--8:o40 ,su* an expression is abhorr5t alike to ,gramm> & to ,logic1--is intol]able1 9 ,greek z 9 ,engli%4 ,by consequ5ce1 78:o07 is f\nd to h be5 e>ly ex*ang$ = 78:i*074 ,f a copy s deprav$1 ! ,lat9 ,v]sion 0 execut$ 9 ! second c5tury4 ,accord+ly1 e kn[n copy or quotation7#ibb7 ( ! ,lat9 exhibits 8quod40 ,greek au?orities = ?is read+ 77 are few en\gh4 ,!y h be5 specifi$ already1 viz4 at page #ajj4 ,& ) ?is brief /atem5t1 ! read+ 9 "q might h be5 dismiss$1 see+ t x has f\nd no patron s9ce ,griesba* decl>$ aga9/ x4 ,x 0 h[ev] v hotly cont5d$ = dur+ ! la/ c5tury1--,sir ,isaac ,newton & ,wet/e9 be+ its mo/ /r5u\s advocates2 & x w\ld be unfair entirely to lose sight ( x n[4 ,! two rival read+s1 h[ev]1 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 are1-- 78,,god 0 manife/$071 on ! "o h&2 & 1 78! my/]y ( godl9ess1 :o071 on ! o!r4 ,^! are ! two read+s1 ,i say1 betwe5 ^: conflict+ claims we are to adjudicate4 ,= ,i reque/ t x may be loyally admitt$ at ! outset1--7?\gh x has be5 conv5i5tly ov]look$ by ! ,critics :om y foll[17--t ! expression 9 ,patri/ic quotations1 unless x be imm$iately prec$$ by ! ^w 1 is no?+ to ! purpose2 at all ev5ts1 does n prove ! ?+ :i* y are b5t on prov+4 ,engli% read]s w see ?is at a glance4 ,an ,anglican div9e1--) ref]5ce to #a ,timo?y iii4 #af1--may surely speak ( our ,,savi\r z ,"o 8:o 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%10--)\t risk ( be+ /raightway suspect$ ( employ+ a copy ( ! ,engli% ,v]sion :i* exhibits 8! my/]y ( godl9ess :o40 8,ex hujusmodi locis0 7z ,mat?i truly rem>ks7 8nemo1 nisi m5te captus1 9 contextu sacro probabit 407#ibc7 ,:5 ,epiphanius !re=e1--pr(ess+ to transcribe7#ibd7 f an e>li] treatise ( 8 own7#ibe7 :]e /&s )\t a nom9ative17#ibf7 writes 7if he really does write7 17#ibg7--we are n at lib]ty to inf] !refrom t ,epiphanius is oppos$ to ! read+ 4--,/ill less is x lawful to draw ! same inf]5ce f ! ,lat9 ,v]sion ( a lett] ( ,eu!rius ,a4,d4 #dca 9 :i* ! expression 8qui manife/atus e/ 9 c>ne107#ibh7 occurs4--,lea/ ( all %\ld we be w>rant$ 9 cit+ ,j]ome z a witness = read+ 9 ?is place1 because 79 8 ,comm5t>y on ,isaiah7 he speaks ( our ,,savi\r z ,"o :o 80 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! ,_s407#ibi7 ,z = reason+ ?us conc]n+ ,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 x is demon/rably inadmissible3 see+ t at ! lea/ on two di/9ct occasions1 ?is ,fa!r exhibits 4 ,i am n unaw>e t 9 a c]ta9 place1 apo/rophiz+ ! ,docet1 he says1--8,ye d err1 n kn[+ ! ,scriptures1 nor inde$ ! great my/]y ( godl9ess1 t is ,,*ri/1 :o 77 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! ,_s107#icj7 c4 c4 ,& pres5tly1 8,i consid] ! my/]y ( godl9ess to be no o!r ?+ b ! ,^w ( ,,god ! ,,fa!r1 :o 77 ,himself 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%407#ica7 ,b !re is no?+ :atev] 9 ?is to invalidate ! te/imony ( ^? o!r places 9 :i* actually occurs4 ,x is logically inadmissible1 ,i mean1 to set aside ! places :]e ,cyril is f\nd actually to write 1 because 9 o!r places he employs #a ,tim4 iii4 #af less precisely2 leav+ x to be inf]r$--7:i* inde$ is abundantly pla97--t is always 8 read+1 f ! c\rse ( 8 argum5t & f ! nature ( ! matt] 9 h&4 ,b to proce$4 7,b7 ,bp4 ,ellicott invit$ to /ate ! evid5ce = read+ 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 a 8,! /ate ( ! evid5ce10 z decl>$ by ,bp4 ,ellicott4 ,:5 la/ ! evid5ce = ?is "q came be=e u1 ,i introduc$ x by invit+ a memb] ( ! ,revis+ body 7,dr4 ,rob]ts7 to be spokesman on behalf ( 8 bre?r547#icb7 ,?is "t1 ,i %all call ^u a m di/+ui%$1 a :olly unexceptionable witness1 viz4 y\rself1--:o are1 ( c\rse1 greatly 9 advance ( y\r fell[-,revis]s 9 respect ( critical atta9m5ts4 ,! ext5t ( y\r individual famili>ity ) ! subject :5 79 #ahgj namely7 y propos$ to revise ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 = ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& on ! solv]e-ambul&o pr9ciple1--may ,i presume be lawfully inf]r$ f ! foll[+ annotation 9 y\r 8,critical & ,grammatical ,comm5t>y on ! ,pa/oral ,epi/les40 ,i quote f ! la/ ,edition ( #ahfi2 only tak+ ! lib]ty--7#a7 ,to break x up into %ort p>agraphs3 &--7#b7 ,to give 9 ext5so ! prop] names :i* y abbreviate4 ,?us1 in/ead ( 8,!od40 7:i* ,i take leave to po9t out to y might mean ei!r ,!odore ( ,h]aclea or 8 namesake ( ,mopsue/ia1--ei!r ,!odotus ! ,gno/ic or 8 namesake ( ,ancyra17 8,eu?al410 ,i write 8,!odoret1 ,eu?alius40 ,& n[ = ! ext]nal te/imony1 z y give x1 conc]n+ #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,y in=m y\r read]s t1-- 8,! /ate ( ! evid5ce is briefly z foll[s3-- 7#a7 is read ) ,a#a indisputably2 aft] m9ute p]sonal inspection2 see note1 p4 #ajd4 ,c#a ,tis*5dorf ,prol4 ,cod4 ,ephraemi1 #g1 p4 #ci4 ,f ,g 7see bel[72 #ag1 #gc1 #aha2 ,syr4-,philox5ian1 ,coptic1 ,sahidic1 ,go?ic2 also 7 or 7 ,syriac1 ,arabic 7,erp5ius71 ?iopic1 ,arm5ian2 ,cyril1 ,!odorus ,mopsue/41 ,epiphanius1 ,gelasius1 ,hi]onymus 9 ,esaiam liii4 #aa4 7#b7 1 ) ,d#a 7,cl>omontanus71 ,vulgate2 ne>ly all ,lat9 ,fa!rs4 7#c7 1 ) ,d#c ,k ,l2 ne>ly all ,,mss42 ,arabic 7,polyglott71 ,slavonic2 ,didymus1 ,*ryso/om 78 see ,tregelles1 p4 #bbg note71 ,!odoret1 ,eu?alius1 ,damasc5e1 ,!ophylact1 cum5ius1--,ignatius ,ephes4 #bi1 7b v d\btful74 ,a h& ( ! #ab? c5tury has prefix$ to 1 ! read+ ( 2 see ,tis*5dorf edit4 major1 ,plate xvii4 ( ,scriv5]'s ,collation ( 1 facsimile 7#ac74 ,on review+ ?is evid5ce1 z n only ! mo/ important uncial ,,mss41 b all ! ,v]sions old] ?an ! #g? c5tury are di/9ctly 9 fav\r ( a relative1--z seems only a ,lat9iz+ v>iation ( 1--& la/ly1 z is ! m difficult1 ?\gh really ! m intelligible1 read+ 7,h(mann1 ,s*riftb4 ,vol4 ,i4 p4 #adc71 & on e reason m likely to h be5 *ang$ into 7,mac$onius is actually said to h be5 expell$ = mak+ ! *ange1 ,lib]ati ,diaconi ,brevi>ium cap4 #ai7 ?an vice v]s1 we unhesitat+ly decide 9 fav\r ( 40--7,pa/oral ,epi/les1 ed4 #ahfi1 pp4 #ea-b47 ,su* !n is y\r own /atem5t ( ! evid5ce on ?is subject4 ,i proce$ to demon/rate to y t y are completely mi/ak53--mi/ak5 z to :at y say ab\t 1--mi/ak5 z to 1--mi/ak5 z to 3--mi/ak5 9 respect ( ,codices1--mi/ak5 9 respect ( ,v]sions1--mi/ak5 9 respect ( ,fa!rs4 ,y\r slip%od1 inaccurate /atem5ts1 7all obta9$ at second-h&17 w occasion me1 ,i =esee1 a va/ deal ( tr\ble2 b ,i am det]m9$1 n[ at la/1 if ! ?+ be possible1 to set ?is "q at re/4 ,& t ,i may n be misund]/ood1 ,i beg to repeat t all ,i propose to myself is to prove--beyond ! possibility ( d5ial--t ! evid5ce = 79 #a ,timo?y iii4 #af7 va/ly prepond]ates ov] ! evid5ce = ei!r or 4 ,x w be = y1 aft]w>ds1 to come =w>d & prove t1 on ! contr>y1 is a 8pla9 & cle> error30 s pla9 & s cle> t y & y\r fell[-,revis]s felt y\rselves con/ra9$ to ?ru/ x out f ! place x has confess$ly occupi$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t = at lea/ #aecj ye>s4 ,y are fur!r rem9d$1 my "l ,bi%op1 t unless y d ?is1 y w be consid]$ by ! :ole ,*ur* to h dealt unfai?fully ) ! ,^w ( ,,god4 ,=1 7z ,i %all rem9d y 9 ! sequel17 x is y\rself :o h invit$ & provok$ ?is enquiry4 ,y devote twelve pages to x 7pp4 #fd to #gf71--8;compell$ to d s by ! ,review]40 8,moreov]0 7y ann\nce7 8?is case is ( great importance z an example4 ,x illu/rates 9 a /rik+ mann] ! complete isolation ( ! ,review]'s position4 ,if he is "r all o!r ,critics are wrong10 c41 c41 c4--,p]mit me to rem9d y ( ! w>n+--8,let n him t girde? on 8 h>ness boa/ himself z he t putte? x (f40 b ,te/imony ( ! ,,manuscripts conc]n+ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3 & fir/ z to ! te/imony ( ,,codex ,a4 ,y beg9 !n ) ! ,manuscript evid5ce2 & y v5ture to ass]t t is 8indisputably0 ! read+ ( ,codex ,a4 ,i am at a loss to und]/& h[ a 8pr(ess$ ,critic10--7:o mu/ be presum$ to be acqua9t$ ) ! facts ( ! case1 & :o is a lov] ( ,tru?17--c p]mit himself to make su* an ass]tion4 ,y\r c]ta9ty is bas$1 y say1 on 8m9ute p]sonal inspection40 ,9 o!r words1 y are s good z to expla9 t y once tri$ a co>se exp]im5t17#icc7 by :i* y succe$$ 9 conv9c+ y\rself t ! suspect$ diamet] ( ! is exactly co9cid5t ) ! sagitta ( an epsilon 77 :i* happ5s to /& on ! back ( ! page4 ,b d y n see t unless y />t ) ?is = y\r major premiss1--8,!ta _c exi/ on "o side ( a page if epsilon /&s imm$iately beh9d x on ! o!r side10--y\r exp]im5t is nihil ad rem1 & proves absolutely no?+8 ,y\r 8inspection0 happ5s h[ev] to be inaccurate besides4 ,y p]=m$ y\r exp]im5t unskilfully4 ,a man ne$ only hold up ! leaf to ! light on a v brilliant day1--z ,tregelles1 ,scriv5]1 & _m besides 7includ+ y\r pres5t correspond5t7 h done1--to be aw>e t ! sagitta ( ! epsilon on fol4 #ade;b does n cov] mu* m ?an a ?ird ( ! area ( ! !ta on fol4 #ade;a4 ,dr4 ,scriv5] fur!r po9ts out t x cuts ! circle too high to h be5 reasonably mi/ak5 by a c>eful obs]v] = ! diamet] ( ! !ta 774 ,! exp]im5t :i* y describe ) su* circum/antial gravity 0 simply nugatory !re=e4 ,h[ is x1 my "l ,bi%op1 t y d n p]ceive t ! way to asc]ta9 ! read+ ( ,codex ,a at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 is1--7#a7 ,to inve/igate n :at is f\nd at ! back ( ! leaf1 b :at is writt5 on ! front ( x8 & 7#b71 ,n s mu* to enquire :at c be deciph]$ ( ! orig9al writ+ by ! aid ( a p[]ful l5s n[1 z to asc]ta9 :at 0 app>5t to ! eye ( compet5t obs]v]s :5 ! ,codex 0 fir/ br\ght into ?is c\ntry1 viz4 #bej ye>s ago8 ,t ,patrick ,"y1 ! fir/ cu/odian & collator ( ! ,codex #afbh-afeb1 read 1 is c]ta94--,"y communicat$ ! 8v>i\s ,read+s0 ( ,a to ,abp4 ,us%]3--& ! latt]1 prior to #afec1 communicat$ !m to ,hammond1 :o cle>ly knew no?+ ( 4--,x is pla9 t 0 ! read+ se5 by ,hui%--:5 he s5t 8 collation ( ! ,codex 7made1 accord+ to ,b5tley1 ) great exactness17#icd77 to ,brian ,walton1 :o publi%$ ! fif? volume ( 8 ,polyglott 9 #afeg4--;,bp4 ,pe>son1 :o 0 v curi\s 9 su* matt]s1 says 8we f9d n 9 any copy10--a suffici5t pro( h[ he read ! place 9 #afei4--;,bp4 ,fell1 :o publi%$ an edition ( ! ,n4 ,t4 9 #afge1 c]ta9ly consid]$ ! read+ ( ,cod4 ,a4--,mill1 :o 0 at "w on ! ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 f #afgg to #agjg1 expressly decl>es t he saw ! rema9s ( 9 ?is place47#ice7 ,b5tley1 :o _h himself 7#agaf7 collat$ ! ,,ms4 ) ! utmo/ accuracy 78accuratissime ipse contuli071 knew no?+ ( any o!r read+4--,emphatic te/imony on ! subject is borne by ,wotton 9 #agah3--8,!re c be no d\bt0 7he says7 8t ?is ,,ms4 always exhibit$ 4 ,( ?is1 any "o may easily conv9ce himself :o w be at ! pa9s to exam9e ! place ) att5tion407#icf7--,two ye>s e>li]1--7we h x on ! te/imony ( ,mr4 ,john ,creyk1 ( ,s4 ,john's ,coll41 ,cambridge17--8! old l9e 9 ! lett] 0 pla9ly to be se5407#icg7--;,x 0 8mu* ab\t ! same "t10 also1 7viz4 ab\t #agaf7 t ,wet/e9 ackn[l$g$ to ! ,rev4 ,john ,kippax1--8:o took x d[n 9 writ+ f 8 own m\?1--t ?\gh ! middle /roke ( ! has be5 evid5tly ret\*$1 yet ! f9e /roke :i* 0 orig9ally 9 ! body ( ! is discov]able at ea* end ( ! full] /roke ( ! corrector407#ich7--;,& ,b]riman himself1 7:o deliv]$ a c\rse ( ,lectures on ! true read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 9 #agcg-h17 atte/s emphatically t he _h se5 x also4 8,if !re=e0 7he adds7 8at any "t h]eaft] ! old l9e %\ld become altoge!r undiscov]able1 !re w nev] be j cause to d\bt b t ! g5u9e1 & orig9al read+ ( ! ,,ms4 0 3 & t ! new /rokes1 add$ at ! top & 9 ! middle by ! corrector 7 n design$ to corrupt & falsify1 b to pres]ve & p]petuate ! true read+1 :i* 0 9 dang] ( be+ lo/ by ! decay ( ,"t407#ici7--,^? memorable words 7:i* ,i respectfully comm5d to y\r notice7 7 writt5 9 ,a4,d4 #agda4 ,h[ y 7,a4,d4 #ahhb71 aft] survey+ all ?is accumulat$ & consi/5t te/imony 7borne ,a4,d4 #afbh to ,a4,d4 #agda7 by eye-witnesses z compet5t to obs]ve a fact ( ?is k9d z y\rself2 & fully z des]v+ ( cr$it1 :5 !y solemnly decl>e :at !y h se53--h[ y1 ,i say1 aft] a survey ( ?is evid5ce1 c gravely sit d[n & in=m ! _w t 8!re is no suffici5t evid5ce t !re 0 ev] a "t :5 ?is read+ 0 pat5t z ! read+ :i* came f ! orig9al scribe0 7p4 #gb73--?is passes my compreh5sion4--,x %all only be add$ t ,b5gel1 :o 0 a v c>eful enquir]1 _h already cit$ ! ,codex ,alex&r9us z a witness = 9 #agcd37idj7--;& t ,woide1 ! le>n$ & consci5ti\s editor ( ! ,codex1 decl>es t s late z #agfe he _h se5 traces ( ! :i* tw5ty ye>s lat] 7viz4 9 #aghe7 7 visible to him no long]47#ida7 ,t ,wet/e9 subsequ5tly *ang$ 8 m9d1 ,i am n unaw>e4 ,he 0 "o ( ^? mis]able m5 ^: visual organs return a false report to _! possessor :5ev] !y are %[n a text :i* witnesses inconv5i5tly to ! ,,god-head ( ,,jesus ,,*ri/47#idb7 ,i "k too t ,griesba* 9 #aghe ann\nc$ himself ( ,wet/e9's op9ion4 ,x is sugge/ive h[ev] t t5 ye>s be=e1 7,n4 ,t4 ed4 #agge17 he _h re/$ ! fact n on ! te/imony borne by ! ,,ms4 itself1 b on 8! cons5t ( ,v]sions1 ,copies1 & ,fa!rs :i* exhibit ! ,alex&rian ,rec5sion407#idc7--,s9ce ,griesba*'s "t1 ,davidson1 ,tregelles1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,we/cott & ,hort1 & ,ellicott h ann\nc$ _! op9ion t 0 nev] writt5 at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3 confess$ly only because is to !m invisible "o hundr$ ye>s aft] has disappe>$ f sight4 ,! fact rema9s = all t1 t ! orig9al read+ ( ,a is atte/$ s amply1 t no s9c]e lov] ( ,tru? c ev] h]eaft] pret5d to d\bt x4 8,omnia te/imonia10 7my "l ,bi%op17 8omnemque hi/oricam v]itatem 9 suspicionem adduc]e non licet2 nec mirum e/ nos ea nunc non disc]n]e1 qu1 antequam nos ,codicem vidissemus1 evanu]ant407#idd7 ,! sum ( ! matt]1 7z ,i po9t$ out to y on a =m] occasion17#ide77 is ?is1--,t x is too late by #aej ye>s to cont5d on ! negative side ( ?is "q4 ,nay1 a fam\s liv+ ,critic 7long may he live67 assures u t :5 8 eyes 7 #bj ye>s y\ng] 7,feb4 #g1 #ahfa7 he actually disc]n$1 /ill l+]+1 a fa9t trace ( ! diamet] ( ! :i* ,b]riman 9 #agda _h se5 s pla9ly4 8,i h exam9$ ,codex ,a at lea/ tw5ty times )9 z _m ye>s0 7wrote ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] 9 #ahgd7idf771 8& 444 see+ 7z e "o mu/7 ) my own eyes1 ,i h always felt conv9c$ t x reads 04444 ,= y to ass]t1 9 reply to all ?is mass ( positive evid5ce1 t ! read+ is 8indisputably0 1--& to cont5d t :at makes ?is indisputable1 is ! fact t beh9d "p ( ! !ta 771 b too high to mislead a skilful obs]v]1 an epsilon /&s on ! rev]se side ( ! page2--/rikes me z bord]+ inconv5i5tly on ! ridicul\s4 ,if ?is be y\r notion ( :at does con/itute 8suffici5t evid5ce10 well may ! te/imony ( s _m te/es oculati seem to y to lack suffici5cy4 ,y\r notions on ^! subjects are1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 peculi> to y\rself4 ,y ev5 fail to see t y\r /atem5t 79 ,scriv5]'s words7 is 8n relevant to ! po9t at issue407#idg7 ,! pla9 fact conc]n+ cod4 ,a is ?is3--,t at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 two delicate horizontal /rokes 9 :i* 7 ?or\ghly pat5t 9 #afbh1--:i* c\ld be se5 pla9ly d[n to #agcg1--;& :i* 7 disc]nible by an exp]t 7,dr4 ,woide7 s late z ,a4,d4 #agfe17idh7--;h = ! la/ hundr$ ye>s entirely disappe>$2 :i* is precisely :at ,b]riman 79 #agda7 pr$ict$ w\ld be ! case4 ,moreov]1 he solemnly w>n$ m5 aga9/ draw+ f ?is circum/ance ! mi/ak5 inf]5ce :i* y1 my "l ,bi%op1 nev]!less insi/ on draw+1 & repres5t+ z an 8indisputable0 fact4 ,i h treat$ s l>gely ( ! read+ ( ! ,codex ,alex&r9us1 n because ,i consid] ! te/imony ( a solit>y copy1 :e!r uncial or cursive1 a matt] ( mu* importance1--c]ta9ly n ! te/imony ( ,codex ,a1 :i* 79 defiance ( e o!r au?ority extant7 exhibits 8! body ( ,,god0 9 ,s4 ,john xix4 #dj3--;b because y insi/ t ,a is a witness on y\r side3 :]eas x is demon/rable1 7& ,i claim to h demon/rat$17 t y _c hone/ly d s2 & 7,i tru/7 y w nev] d s any m4 c ,te/imony ( ,,codices & ,c conc]n+ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,t reads is admitt$4--,n s ,codex ,c1 :i* ! excessive application ( *emicals has r5d]$ no long] deciph]able 9 ?is place4 ,tis*5dorf 7( c\rse7 insi/s1 t ! orig9al read+ 0 47#idi7 ,wet/e9 & ,griesba* 7j z we %\ld expect17 av[ ! same op9ion1--,woide1 ,mill1 ,web] & ,p>quoi be+ j z confid5t t ! orig9al read+ 0 4 ,z 9 ! case ( cod4 ,a1 x is too late by full #ajj ye>s to re-op5 ?is "q4 ,obs]vable x is t ! witnesses yield contradictory evid5ce4 ,wet/e91 writ+ #aej ye>s ago1 be=e ! orig9al writ+ _h become s greatly defac$1--7& ,wet/e91 inasmu* z he collat$ ! ,,ms4 = ,b5tley #agaf1 mu/ h be5 ?or\ghly famili> ) its cont5ts17--only 8?\ght0 t he read 2 8because ! delicate horizontal /roke :i* makes out ( 10 0 to him 8n app>5t407#iej7 ,woide on ! contr>y 0 conv9c$ t _h be5 writt5 by ! fir/ h&3 8=0 7said he7 8?\gh !re exi/s no ve/ige ( ! delicate /roke :i* out ( makes 1 ! /roke writt5 above ! lett]s is by ! fir/ h&40 ,:at h[ev] to ,wet/e9 & to ,woide 0 n app>5t1 0 visible en\gh to ,web]1 ,wet/e9's contempor>y4 ,& ,tis*5dorf1 s late z #ahdc1 express$ 8 a/oni%m5t t ! /roke 9 "q _h hi!rto escap$ ! eyes ( e "o2 8hav+ be5 repeat$ly se5 by himself407#iea7 ,he attributes x1 7j z we %\ld expect7 to a corrector ( ! ,,ms42 p>tly1 because ( its col\r1 78subnigra072 p>tly1 because ( its incl9+ upw>ds to ! "r4 ,& yet1 :o sees n t an argum5t d]iv$ f ! col\r ( a l9e :i* is already well-nigh invisible1 mu/ ne$s be 9 a high degree prec>i\s8 :ile ,scriv5] aptly po9ts out t ! cross l9e 9 1--! n9? lett] fur!r on1 7:i* has nev] be5 que/ion$17--also 8asc5ds t[>ds ! "r40 ,! ho/ile evid5ce collapses !re=e4 ,9 ! meantime1 :at at lea/ is c]ta9 is1 t ! subscrib$ musical notation indicates t a ?\s& ye>s ago1 a ^w ( two syllables 0 read "h4 ,f a review ( all ( :i*1 x is cle> t ! utmo/ :i* c be pret5d$ is t "s degree ( unc]ta9ty atta*es to ! te/imony ( cod4 ,c4 ,yet1 :y su* a plea %\ld be ei!r set up or all[$1 ,i really see n--except inde$ by m5 :o h made up _! m9ds be=eh& t %all be ! read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,let ! sign ( unc]ta9ty h[ev] foll[ ! notation ( ,c = ?is text1 if y w4 ,t cod4 ,c is an indubitable witness = 1 ,i v5ture at lea/ to ?9k t no fair p]son w ev] any m pret5d4 d ,te/imony ( ,,codices ,f & ,g ( ,s4 ,paul1 conc]n+ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,! next dispute is ab\t ! read+ ( ! two ,i,xth-c5tury codices1 ,f & ,g1--conc]n+ :i* ,i propose to tr\ble y ) a few words 9 addition to :at has be5 already (f]$ on ?is subject at pp4 #ajj-a3 ! r1 because y h y\rself devot$ "o entire page ( y\r pamphlet to ! te/imony yield$ by ^! two codices2 & because y !re9 h rec\rse to :at 7if x proce$$ f any "o b a ,bi%op17 ,i %\ld designate ! insol5t me?od ( try+ to put me d[n by au?ority1--in/ead ( seek+ to conv9ce me ( my error by produc+ "s good reasons = y\r op9ion4 ,y seem to ?9k x en\gh to hurl ,wet/e91 ,griesba*1 ,la*mann1 ,tregelles1 ,tis*5dorf1 & 7cruelle/ ( all7 my fri5d ,scriv5]1 at my head4 ,p]mit me to po9t out t ?is1 z an argum5t1 is ! feeble/ to :i* a ,critic c h rec\rse4 ,he %\ts s lu/ily = help only because he is unable to take c>e ( himself4 ,f & ,g !n are confess$ly indep5d5t copies ( "o & ! same ar*etype3 & 8bo? ,f & ,g0 7y say7 8exhibit 407#ieb7 ,be x s4 ,! "q arises1--,:at does ! /roke above ! signify8 ,i v5ture to believe t ^! two codices repres5t a copy :i* orig9ally exhibit$ 1 b f :i* ! diamet] ( ! _h disappe>$--7z v (t5 is ! case 9 codex ,a7--?r\gh tract ( "t4 ,! effect ( ?is w\ld be t ,f & ,g are 9 reality witnesses = 4 ,n s1 y say4 ,t slant+ /roke repres5ts ! aspirate1 & proves t ^! two codices are witnesses = 47#iec7 ,let u look a little m closely into ?is matt]4 ,"h are two docum5ts1 ( :i* x has be5 said t !y 87 sep>ately d]iv$ f "s e>ly codex1 9 :i* !re 0 probably no int]val betwe5 ! words407#ied7 ,!y 7 n imm$iately d]iv$ f su* a codex1 ,i rem>k3 x be+ q incr$ible t two indep5d5t copyi/s c\ld h hit on ! same extravagantly absurd way ( divid+ ! uncial lett]s47#iee7 ,! common ar*etype :i* bo? employ$ mu/ h be5 ! "w ( a late ,we/]n scribe e bit z lic5ti\s & z unacqua9t$ ) ,greek z !mselves47#ief7 ,t ar*etype h[ev] may v well h be5 obta9$ f a primitive codex ( ! k9d fir/ suppos$1 9 :i* ! words 7 writt5 cont9u\sly1 z 9 codex ,b4 ,su* ,manuscripts 7 furni%$ ) nei!r brea?+s nor acc5ts3 accord+ly1 8( ! ord9>y brea?+s or acc5ts !re are no traces07#ieg7 9 ei!r ,f or ,g4 ,b !n1 cod4 ,f occasionally1--,g mu* (t5]1--exhibits a little /raight /roke1 ne>ly horizontal1 ov] ! initial v[el ( c]ta9 words4 ,"s h suppos$ t ?is 0 design$ to repres5t ! aspirate3 b x is n s4 ,! pro( is1 t x is f\nd consi/5tly introduc$ ov] ! same v[els 9 ! int]l9e> ,lat94 ,?us1 ! ,lat9 preposition 8a0 always has ! slant+ /roke above x37#ieh7 & ! ,lat9 int]jection 8o0 is furni%$ ) ! same app5dage1--alike 9 ! ,gospels & 9 ! ,epi/les47#iei7 ,?is obs]vation evacuates ! suppos$ significance ( ! few in/ances :]e is writt5 37#ifj7 z well z ( ! mu* few] places :]e or are writt5 37#ifa7 especially :5 acc\nt is tak5 ( ! _m hundr$ occasions1 7(t5 9 rapid succession17 :5 no?+ at all is to be se5 above ! 8407#ifb7 ,z = ! fact t is always writt5 7or 71--let x only be not$ t besides 1 1 1 c41 1 1 1 c41 7:i* are all di/+ui%$ 9 ! same way17--,lat9 words also beg9n+ ) an 8,i0 are simil>ly adorn$1--& we become conv9c$ t ! little /roke 9 "q is to be expla9$ on "s entirely diff]5t pr9ciple4 ,at la/1 we discov] 7f ! example ( 8s10 8sc10 8ets10 8s]vtus10 8saeculs10 8idols10 c47 t ! suppos$ sign ( ! r\gh brea?+ is no?+ else b an anci5t sub/itute = ! mod]n dot ov] ! 8,i40--,we may n[ return to ! case actually be=e u4 ,x has be5 po9t$ out t ! l9e above ! 9 bo? ,f & ,g 8is n horizontal1 b rises a little t[>ds ! "r40 ,i beg to call att5tion to ! fact t !re are #ch in/ances ( ! slight sup]-impos$ 8l9e0 "h spok5 (1 9 ! page ( cod4 ,f :]e ! read+ "u discussion appe>s3 #g 9 ! ,greek1 #ca 9 ! ,lat94 ,9 ! correspond+ page ( cod4 ,g1 ! in/ances are #dd3 #h 9 ! ,greek1 #cf 9 ! ,lat947#ifc7 ,^! %ort horizontal /rokes 7!y c h>dly be call$ l9es7 g5]ally--n by any means always--slant upw>ds2 & !y are inv>iably ! sign ( contraction4 ,! problem be=e u has 9 ?is way be5 dive/$ ( a ne$less encumbrance4 ,! suspicion t ! horizontal l9e above ! ^w may possibly repres5t ! aspirate1 has be5 dispos$ (4 ,x has be5 demon/rat$ t ?r\gh\t ^! two codices a horizontal l9e slant+ upw>ds1 set ov] a v[el1 is ei!r--7#a7 ,! sign ( contraction2 or else--7#b7 ,a cl]ical peculi>ity4 ,9 ! place be=e u1 !n1 :i* ( ! two is x8 ,! sign ( contraction1 ,i answ]3 see+ t :]eas !re are1 9 ! page be=e u1 #i aspirat$1 & 7includ+ 7 #h contract$ ,greek words1 n "o ( ^? n9e aspirat$ words has any m>k at all above its initial lett]2 :ile e "o ( ! eight contract$ words is duly furni%$ ) ! symbol ( contraction4 ,i fur!r submit t inasmu* z is n[h]e else writt5 9 ei!r codex1 x is unreasonable to assume t x is s writt5 9 ?is place4 ,n[1 t almo/ e codex 9 ! _w reads 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1--;is a pla9 fact2 & t 79 v]se #af7 w\ld be if ! delicate horizontal /roke :i* di/+ui%es f 1 7 n away1--no "o d5ies4 ,surely1 !re=e1 ! only ?+ :i* rema9s to be enquir$ aft]1 is1--,are !re any o!r su* sub/itutions ( "o lett] = ano!r discov]able 9 ^! two codices8 ,& x is notori\s t in/ances ( ! ph5om5on ab\nd4 ,! lett]s 1 1 1 are confus$ ?r\gh\t47#ifd7 ,& :at else are = 7,mat?4 v4 #d71-- = 7,luc4 xvii4 #af71-- = 7xix4 #f71--;b in/ances ( ! self-same mi/ake :i* 7z ,i cont5d7 has 9 ?is place turn$ into 8 ,my "l ,bi%op1 ,i h submitt$ to all ?is pa9ful drudg]y1 n1 y may be sure1 )\t a suffici5t reason4 ,nev] any m mu/ we he> ( 8brea?+s0 9 connexion ) codices ,f & ,g4 ,! /roke above ! 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af has be5 prov$ to be probably ! sign ( contraction4 ,i =be>1 ( c\rse1 to insi/ t ! two codices are witnesses on my side4 ,i require t y1 9 ! same _s ( fairness1 w ab/a9 f claim+ !m z c]ta9ly witness+ on y\rs4 ,! ,v?-c5tury codex ,c1 & ! ,i,xth-c5tury codex ,f-,g mu/ be reg>d$ z equivocal 9 ! te/imony !y r5d]1 & are !re=e n to be reckon$ to ei!r ( ! cont5d+ p>ties4 ,^! are _m words ab\t ! two s+ul>ly corrupt ,i,xth-c5tury docum5ts1 conc]n+ :i* s mu* has be5 writt5 already4 ,b ,i s9c]ely desire1--7& s ,i tru/ d y1 z a ,*ri/ian ,bi%op17--to see ! end ( a controv]sy :i* ^? only h any "r to re-op5 7pace tu dix]im7 :o h some?+ new to (f] on ! subject3 & c]ta9 x is t ! be>+ ( ,f & ,g on ?is matt] has nev] be=e be5 fully /at$4 ,i dismiss ^? two codices ) ! trite rem>k t !y are1 at all ev5ts1 b "o codex3 & t aga9/ !m are to be set ,k ,l ,p1--! only uncials :i* rema92 = ,d 7( 8,paul07 exhibits 1 & ! ,vatican codex ,b no long] s]ves u4 fe ,te/imony ( ! ,,cursive ,,copies3 & specially ( 8,paul #ag10 8#gc0 & 8#aha10 conc]n+ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,next1 = ! cursive ,copies4 ,y claim )\t enquiry1--& only because y f9d t m5 h claim$ !m be=e y1--,nos4 #ag1 #gc1 #aha1 z witnesses = 4 ,w y p]mit me to po9t out t no progress w ev] be made 9 ^! /udies s long z 8pr(ess$ ,critics0 w p]sev]e 9 ! evil practice ( transcrib+ "o ano!r's ref]5ces1 & ?us appropriat+ "o ano!r's blund]s8 ,ab\t ! read+ ( 8,paul #ag10 7! notori\s 8#cc0 ( ! ,gospels17 !re is inde$ no d\bt4--,m9dful h[ev] ( ,presid5t ,r\?'s advice to me always 8to v]ify my ref]5ces10--conc]n+ 8,paul #gc0 ,i wrote a lett] ( enquiry to ,upsala 7,july #bh1 #ahgi71 & = all answ] 7,sept4 #f?7 receiv$ a beautiful trac+ ( :at my correspond5t call$ ! 8#a ,?im4 iii4 #af p>aphe40 ,x prov$ to be an abridg$ exhibition ( #ba l9es ( cum5ius4 ,i in/antly wrote to enquire :e!r ?is 0 really all t ! codex 9 "q has to say to #a ,tim4 iii4 #af8 b to ?is ,i receiv$ no reply4 ,i presum$ !re=e t ,i _h got to ! bottom ( ! bus9ess4 ,b 9 ,july #ahhb1 ,i address$ a fre% enquiry to ,dr4 ,bel%eim ( ,*ri/iania1 & got 8 answ] la/ ,octob]4 ,by t "t he _h visit$ ,upsala3 _h v]ifi$ = me read+s 9 o!r ,,mss41 & report$ t ! read+ "h is 4 ,i in/antly wrote to enquire :e!r he _h se5 ! ^w ) 8 own eyes8 ,he repli$ t he desir$ to look fur!r into ?is matt] on "s future occasion1--! ,,ms4 9 "q be+ 7he says7 a difficult "o to h&le4 ,i am /ill await+ 8 f9al report1 :i* he promises to s5d me :5 next he visits ,upsala4 78,aurivillius0 says no?+ ab\t x47 ,let 8,paul #gc0 9 ! meantime /& ) a note ( int]rogation1 or h[ y w4 ,ab\t 8,paul #aha10 7:i* ,s*olz describes z 8vi4 #cf0 9 ! ,laur5tian libr>y at ,flor5ce17 ,i take leave to repeat 79 a foot-note7 :at 79 a lett] to ,dr4 ,scriv5]7 ,i expla9$ 9 ! 8,gu>dian0 t5 ye>s ago47#ife7 ,9 consequ5ce h[ev] ( y\r disc\rte\s rem>ks 7:i* y w be gratifi$ to f9d quot$ at foot17#iff77 ,i h writt5 7n = ! fir/ "t7 to ! le>n$ cu/os ( ! ,laur5tian libr>y on ! subject2 /at+ ! entire case & rem9d+ him ( my p]t9acity 9 #ahga4 ,he replies1--8,s*olz fallitur huic biblio!c tribu5do codicem sign4 #8plut4 vi4 n4 #cf4' ,nec e/ 9 prs5ti1 nec fuit antea1 neque ex/at 9 ali biblio!c apud nos40444 ,on a review ( :at goes be=e1 ,i submit t "o :o has tak5 s mu* pa9s ) ! subject does n des]ve to be fl\t$ z ,i f9d myself fl\t$ by ! ,bp4 ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol1--:o has n be5 at ! pa9s to v]ify "o s+le po9t 9 ?is entire controv]sy = himself4 ,e o!r kn[n copy ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 7writt5 9 ! cursive "*17 ,i h asc]ta9$ 7by labori\s correspond5ce ) ! *iefs ( =eign libr>ies7 concurs 9 exhibit+ 4 ,! importance ( ?is te/imony ought to be supremely evid5t to y\rself :o cont5d s /r5u\sly = ! support ( ,paul #gc & #aha4 ,b because1 9 my judgm5t1 ?is practical unanimity ( ! manuscripts is n only 8important0 b conclusive1 ,i %all pres5tly recur to x 7viz4 at pages #did-e17 m 9 detail4 ,= d b consid] t ^! copies 7 "o & all d]iv$ f yet old] ,,mss4 ?an !mselves2 & t ! remote orig9als ( ^? old] ,,mss4 7 p]=ce ( high] antiquity /ill1 & 7 execut$ 9 e "p ( primitive ,*ri/5dom4 ,h[ is x cr$ible t !y %\ld1 "o & all1 conspire to mislead8 ,i _c 9 fact express bett] ?an ,dr4 ,b]riman did #adj ye>s ago1 ! logical result ( su* a concord ( ! copies3--8,f :5ce c x be suppos$ t ?is g5]al1 ,i may say ?is univ]sal cons5t ( ! ,greek ,,mss4 %\ld arise1 b f h5ce1--,t is ! g5u9e orig9al read+ ( ?is ,text80 7p4 #cbe47 ,9 ! meantime1 y owe me a debt ( gratitude3 =1 9 ! c\rse ( an enquiry :i* ,i h endeav\r$ to make exhau/ive1 ,i h discov]$ ?ree specim5s ( ! book call$ 8,apo/olus10 or 8,praxapo/olus0 7i4e4 ,lections f ! ,epi/les & ,acts7 :i* also exhibit 9 ?is place4 ,"o ( ^! is ,reg4 #cge 7our 8,apo/4 #ab07 9 ! ,fr5* collection1 a ,we/]n codex1 dat$ ,a4,d4 #ajbb47ifg7 ,! /ory ( ! discov]y ( ! o!r two 7to be numb]$ 8,praxapo/40 #he1 #hf17 is int]e/+1 & w enliv5 ?is dull page4 ,at ,tusculum1 ne> ,rome1--7! locality :i* ,cic]o r5d]$ illu/ri\s1 & :]e he lov$ to reside surr\nd$ by 8 books17--0 f\nd$ e>ly 9 ! ,x,ith c5tury a ,*ri/ian libr>y :i* 9 process ( "t became exce$+ly fam\s4 ,x reta9s1 9 fact1 its anci5t reputation to ?is day4 ,nilus 8,rossan5sis0 x 01 :o1 driv5 ) 8 monks f ,calabria by invad+ hordes1 e/abli%$ 9 ,a4,d4 #ajjd a mona/]y at ,tusculum1 to :i* ei!r he1 or 8 successors1 gave ! "n ( 8,crypta ,f]rata40 ,x became ! headqu>t]s ( ! ,basilian monks 9 ! ,x,v,i,ith c5tury4 ,hi!r habitually resort$ ^? illu/ri\s m51 ,sirletus1 ,mabillon1 ,zacagni1 ,ciamp9i1 ,montfaucon1--& m lately ,mai & ,dom ,pitra4 ,to ,signor ,cozza-,luzi1 ! pres5t le>n$ & enlight5$ *ief ( ! ,vatican libr>y1 7:o is himself 8,abbas ,mona*orum ,basili5sium ,crypt ,f]rat107 ,i am indebt$ = my copy ( ! ,catalogue 7n[ 9 process ( publication7#ifh77 ( ! extraord9>y collection ( ,,mss4 belong+ to ! society ov] :i* he presides4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! in=mation :i* ! ,abbate ,cozza-,luzi s5t me1 ,i put myself 9 communication ) ! le>n$ libr>ian ( ! mona/]y1 ! 8,hi]omona*us0 ,d4 ,antonio ,roc*i1 7au?or ( ! ,catalogue 9 "q17 :om ,i _c suffici5tly ?ank = 8 c\rtesy & k9dness4 ,! sum ( ! matt] is briefly ?is3--,!re are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,basilian monks ( ,crypta ,f]rata1--7not)/&+ t _m ( its anci5t treasures h f\nd _! way into o!r repositories17#ifi77--d manuscripts ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 :i* ,i numb] #bij1 -#a1 -#b1 -#c3 & #g copies ( ! book call$ 8,praxapo/olus10 :i* ,i numb] #hc1 -#d1 -#e1 -#f1 -#g1 -#h1 -#i4 ,( ^! elev51 #c are defective h]eab\ts3 #e read 3 #b 7,praxapo/47 exhibit 2 & #a 7,apo/4 #hc7 conta9s an only n unique read+1 to be m5tion$ at p4 #dgh4 ,hi]omona*us ,roc*i furni%es me ) ref]5ces besides to #c ,liturgical ,codices out ( a total ( #bb1 771 :i* also exhibit 47#igj7 ,i numb] !m ,apo/4 #ajf1 #ajh1 #aaj4 ,& n[1 we may proce$ to consid] ! ,,v]sions4 f ,te/imony ( ! ,,v]sions to ! read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 8,turn+ to ! anci5t ,v]sions0 7y ass]t7 8we f9d !m almo/ unanim\s aga9/ 0 7p4 #fe74 ,b y\r bus9ess1 my "l ,bi%op1 0 to %[ t "s ( !m witness 9 fav\r ( 4 ,if y _c %[ t sev]al anci5t ,v]sions1--besides a fair proportion ( anci5t ,fa!rs1--are cle>ly on y\r side1 y\r cont5tion is unreasonable z well z hopeless4 ,:at !n d ! ,,v]sions say8 7a7 ,n[1 x is all[$ on all h&s t ! ,,lat9 ,v]sion 0 made f copies :i* mu/ h exhibit$ 4 ,! agreem5t ( ! ,lat9 copies is absolute4 ,! ,lat9 ,fa!rs also conspire 9 read+ 8my/]ium quod30 ?\gh "s ( !m seem to h reg>d$ 8quod0 z a conjunction4 ,occasionally1 7z by ! ,translator ( ,orig517#iga77 we ev5 f9d 8quia0 sub/itut$ = 8quod40 ,e/ius conjectures t 8quod0 is a conjunction 9 ?is place4 ,b 9 fact ! reason+ ( ! ,lat9 ,fa!rs is obs]v$ inv>iably to proce$ z if !y _h f\nd no?+ else b 8,,deus0 9 ! text be=e !m4 ,!y bravely assume t ! ,et]nal ,,^w1 ! second ,p]son 9 ! ,tr9ity1 is designat$ by ! expression 8magnum pietatis sacram5tum40 7b7 ,x is1 ,i admit1 a /rik+ circum/ance t su* a mi/ake z ?is 9 ! old ,lat9 %\ld h be5 reta9$ 9 ! ,,vulgate4 ,b if y ev] /udy ?is subject ) att5tion1 y w f9d t ,j]ome1--al?\gh no d\bt he 8pr(ess$ly correct$ ! old ,lat9 ,v]sion by ! help ( anci5t ,greek manuscripts10 7p4 #fi17--on _m occasions reta9s read+s :i* x is nev]!less demon/rable t he individually disapprov$4 ,no c]ta9 inf]5ce !re=e z to :at ,j]ome f\nd 9 anci5t ,greek ,,mss4 c be safely drawn f ! text ( ! ,vulgate4 7c7 ,next1 = ! ,syriac 7,,pes*ito7 ,v]sion4 ,i beg to subjo9 ! view ( ! late lov$ & lam5t$ ,p4 ,e4 ,pusey1--! editor ( ,cyril1 & :o at ! "t ( 8 dea? 0 engag$ 9 re-edit+ ! ,pes*ito4 ,he says1--8,9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 ! ,syriac has #8qui manife/atus e/4' ,! relative is indet]m9ate1 b ! v]b is n4 ,9 ,syriac h[ev] is mascul9e2 & ?us1 ! natural way w\ld be to take z ! antec$5t1 & translate #8quod manife/atum e/4' ,no "o w\ld h ?\ght ( any o!r way ( translat+ ! ,syriac--b = ! exi/5ce ( ! v>i\s read+ 9 ! ,greek1 & ! possibility ( its affect+ ! translation into ,syriac4 ,b ! ,pes*ito is s really a translation into good ,syriac1 7n into ^w-=-^w ,syriac17 t if ! translator _h want$ to express ! ,greek 1 9 s difficult a passage1 he w\ld h turn$ x diff]5tly407#igb7--,! ,pes*ito !re=e yields ! same te/imony z ! ,lat92 & may n be decl>$ 7z y decl>e x7 to be indet]m9ate4 ,/ill less may x be repres5t$ z witness+ to 4 7d7 ,x foll[s to enquire conc]n+ ! r5d]+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af 9 ! ,,philox5ian1 or r ! ,,h>kleian ,v]sion 7,v,i,ith c5t471 conc]n+ :i* ,i h _h rec\rse to ! le>n$ ,editor ( t ,v]sion4 ,he writes3--8,!re c be no d\bt t ! au?ors ( ?is ,v]sion _h ei!r or be=e !m3 :ile _! m>g9al note %[s t !y 7 aw>e ( ! read+ 4 ,!y exhibit1--#8,great is ! my/]y ( ! goodness ( ! fe> 7fem99e7 ( ,,god1 :o-0-manife/$ 7mascul9e7 9 ! fle%4' ,! m>g9al addition be=e 7or be=e 7 makes ! ref]5ce to ,,god all ! pla9]407#igc7 ,see m bel[1 at p4 #dhi4 ,n[ ?is introduction ( ! ^w into ! text1 h[ev] in>ti/ic x may seem to y & to me1 is a fatal circum/ance to ^? :o w\ld cont5d on y\r side4 ,x %[s translators divid$ betwe5 two rival & conflict+ read+s3 b det]m9$ to give prom95ce to ! circum/ance :i* con/itut$ ! greatness ( ! my/]y3 viz4 ,,god ,,inc>nate4 8,may ,i sugge/0 7adds ! witty s*ol> 9 8 ,po/-script7 8t !re w\ld be no my/]y 9 #8a man be+ manife/$ 9 ! fle%'80 ,! facts conc]n+ ! ,h>kleian ,v]sion be+ su*1 y w n be surpris$ to he> me say t ,i am at a loss to und]/& h[1 )\t a syllable expressive ( d\bt1 y %\ld claim ?is v]sion 7! 8,philox5ian0 y call x--b x is r ! ,h>kleian71 z a witness on y\r side1--a witness = 47#igd7 ,x n only witnesses aga9/ y1 7= ! ,lat9 & ! ,pes*ito d t17 b1 z ,i h %[n y1 x is a witness on my side4 7e7 & 7f74 ,next1 = ! ,v]sions ( ,,l[] & ,,upp] ,,egypt4 8,we are cont5t0 7y say7 to 8ref] our read]s to ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles1 :o unhesitat+ly claim ! ,memphitic or ,coptic & ! ,!baic or ,sahidic = 407#ige7 ,b surely1 9 a matt] ( ?is k9d1 my "l ,bi%op--7,i mean1 :5 we are discuss+ "s nicety ( a language ( :i* p]sonally we "k absolutely no?+17--we may nev] 8be cont5t to ref] our read]s0 to individuals :o are e bit z ignorant ( ! matt] z ourselves4 ,r %\ld we be at ! pa9s to obta9 = ^? :om we propose to in/ruct ! delib]ate v]dict ( ^? :o h made ! subject _! special /udy4 ,dr4 ,malan 7:o mu/ be he>tily sick ( me by ?is "t71 9 reply to my repeat$ enquiries1 assures me t 9 ,coptic & 9 ,sahidic alike1 8! relative pron\n always takes ! g5d] ( ! ,greek antec$5t4 ,b1 inasmu* z !re is prop]ly speak+ no neut] 9 ei!r language1 ! mascul9e does duty = ! neut]2 ! g5d] ( ! def9ite article & relative pron\n be+ det]m9$ by ! g5d] ( ! ^w ref]r$ to4 ,?us1 9 ,s4 ,john xv4 #bf1 ! ,coptic #8pi' & #8ph' respectively repres5t ! def9ite article & ! relative1 alike 9 ! expression 1 & 9 ! expression 3 & s ?r\gh\t4 ,9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 !re=e1 #8pi mu/rion ph1' mu/ p]=ce be r5d]$1 3--n1 surely1 4 ,& yet1 if ! relative may be mascul9e1 :y n ! article also8 ,b 9 fact1 we h no m "r to r5d] ! ,coptic 7or ! ,sahidic7 relative by 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 ?an 9 any o!r simil> passage :]e a neut] n\n 7e4g4 or 7 has gone be=e4 ,9 ?is p>ticul> case1 ( c\rse a pret5ce may be set up t ! g5d] ( ! relative %all be reg>d$ z an op5 "q3 b 9 /rictness ( gramm>1 x is f> o!rwise4 ,no ,coptic or ,sahidic s*ol>1 9 fact1 hav+ to translate ! ,coptic or ,sahidic back into ,greek1 w\ld ev] dream ( writ+ any?+ else b 407#igf7 ,& n[ ,i tru/ ,i h made x pla9 to y t y are mi/ak5 9 y\r /atem5t 7p4 #fi71--t 8 is support$ by ! two ,egyptian ,v]sions40 ,x is support$ by nei!r4 ,y h be5 %[n t !y bo? witness aga9/ y4 ,y w !re=e n be a/oni%$ to he> me aga9 decl>e t ,i am at a loss to und]/& h[ y c cite ! 8,philox5ian1 ,coptic & ,sahidic107#igg7--;z witnesses on y\r side4 ,x is n 9 ?is way1 my "l ,bi%op1 t ,,god',s ,tru? is to be e/abli%$4 7g7 ,z = ! ,,go?ic ,v]sion1--dissatisfi$ ) ! v]dict ( ,de ,gabel5tz & ,loebe17#igh7 ,i address$ myself to ,dr4 ,c]iani ( ,milan1 ! le>n$ & mo/ helpful *ief ( ! ,ambrosian ,libr>y3 9 :i* by ! way is pres]v$ ! only kn[n copy ( ,ulphilas = #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,he incl9es to ! op9ion t 8saei0 is to be read1--! r1 because ,&reas ,upp/rm1 ! rec5t editor ( ! codex1 a dilig5t & able s*ol>1 has decid$ 9 fav\r ( t 8obscure0 read+47#igi7 ,! ,go?ic !re=e mu/ be consid]$ to witness to ! 7m ?an7 extraord9>y comb9ation2-- 444 444 4 7,see ! footnote #d p4 #deb47 ,i obta9 at ! same "t1 ! same v]dict1 & on ! same gr\nds1 f t di/+ui%$ & oblig+ s*ol>1 ,dr4 ,john ,bel%eim ( ,*ri/iania4 8,b0 7he adds7 8! read+ is a little dubi\s4 ,h4 ,f4 ,massmann1 9 ! notes to 8 edition17#ihj7 at page #feg1 says1--#8saei qui is altoge!r oblit]at$4' 0--,9 claim+ ! ,go?ic !re=e z a witness = 1 y w 7,i tru/7 agree ) me t a s+le sc>cely legible copy ( a ,v]sion is n altoge!r satisfactory te/imony3--:ile c]ta9ly 8magnus e/ pietatis sacram5tum1 qui manife/atu e/ 9 corpore0--is n a r5d]+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af :i* y are prep>$ to accept4 7h7 ,= ! ,,?iopic4 ,v]sion1--,dr4 ,ho]n+1 7( ! ,briti% ,museum17 has at my reque/ consult$ six copies ( #a ,timo?y1 & in=ms me t !y pres5t no v>iety ( text4 ,! antec$5t1 z well z ! relative1 is mascul9e 9 all4 ,! ?iopic mu/ !re=e be consid]$ to fav\r ! read+ 2 1 & to repres5t ! same ,greek text :i* und]lies ! ,lat9 & ! ,pes*ito ,v]sions4 ,! ?iopic !re=e is aga9/ y4 7i7 8,! ,,arm5ian ,v]sion10 7writes ,dr4 ,malan7 8f ! v nature ( ! language1 is indet]m9ate4 ,!re is no grammatical di/9ction ( g5d]s 9 ,arm5ian40 7j7 ,! ,,arabic ,v]sion1 7s ,dr4 ,*4 ,rieu7#iha7 in=ms me17 exhibits1--8,9 tru? ! my/]y ( ?is ju/ice is great4 ,x is t he0 7or 8x10 = ! ,arabic has no di/9ction betwe5 mascul9e & neut]7 80 manife/$ 9 ! body1 & 0 ju/ifi$ 9 ! _s0 c4--,?is v]sion !re=e witnesses = nei!r 8:o10 8:i*10 nor 8,,god40 7k7 & 7l74 ,!re only rema9 ! ,,georgian ,v]sion1 :i* is ( ! ,v,ith c5tury1--& ! ,,slavonic1 :i* is ( ! ,i,xth4 ,n[1 bo? ( ^! 7,dr4 ,malan in=ms me7 unequivocally witness to 4 ,?us f> !n = ! te/imony yield$ by anci5t ,,manuscripts & ,,v]sions ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les4 g ,review ( ! progress :i* has be5 hi!rto made 9 ! pres5t ,enquiry4 ,up to ?is po9t1 y mu/ admit t wondr\s little sanction has be5 obta9$ = ! read+ = :i* y cont5d1 7viz4 2 17 z ! true read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,undi/urb$ 9 y\r enjoym5t ( ! te/imony borne by ,cod4 1 y _c b feel t su* te/imony is fully c\nt]balanc$ by ! witness ( ,cod4 ,a3 & fur!r1 t ! conjo9$ evid5ce ( ! ,,h>kleian1 ! ,,georgian1 & ! ,,slavonic ,v]sions outweighs ! s+le evid5ce ( ! ,,go?ic4 ,b :at is to be said ab\t ! cons5t ( ! manuscripts ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les = read+ 9 ?is place1 9 ! proportion ( #abe to #a8 ,y mu/ surely see t1 7z ,i expla9$ above at pp4 #dde-f17 su* multitud9\s te/imony is absolutely decisive ( ! "q be=e u4 ,at p4 #cj ( y\r pamphlet1 y ann\nce x z a 8lesson ( prim>y importance1 (t5 reit]at$ b (t5 =gott51 pond]>i deb]e te/es1 non num]>i40 ,y might h add$ ) advantage1--8& (t5e/ ( all1 misund]/ood40 ,= are y n aw>e t1 g5]ally speak+1 8,numb]0 con/itutes 8,weight08 ,if y h discov]$ "s 8regia via0 :i* r5d]s ! g5]al cons5t ( ,,copies1--! g5]al cons5t ( ,,v]sions1--! g5]al cons5t ( ,,fa!rs1 a consid]ation ( second>y importance1 :y d y n at once communicate ! preci\s secret to mank9d1 & !reby save u all a _w ( tr\ble8 ,y w p]haps propose to fall back on ,hort's wild !ory ( a 8,syrian ,text10--execut$ by au?ority at ,antio* some:]e betwe5 ,a4,d4 #bej & ,a4,d4 #cej47ihb7 ,be x s4 ,let t fable be argu$ ^u z if x 7 a fact4 ,& :at foll[s8 ,t at a p]iod antec$5t to ! date ( any exi/+ copy ( ! ,epi/le be=e u1 ! ,*ur* 9 h] corporate capacity decl>$ 7n 7 to be ! true read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,only "o o!r head ( ,evid5ce 7! ,,patri/ic7 rema9s to be explor$2 aft] :i*1 we %all be able to sum up1 & to conclude ! pres5t ,diss]tation4 h ,te/imony ( ! ,,fa!rs conc]n+ ! true read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3--;,,gregory ,,( ,,nyssa1--,,didymus1--,,!odoret1--,,john ,,damasc5e1--,,*ryso/om1--,,gregory ,,naz41--,,sev]us ,,( ,,antio*1--,,diodorus ,,( ,,t>sus4 ,x only rema9s to asc]ta9 :at ! ,,fa!rs h to say on ?is subject4 ,& :5 we turn our eyes 9 ?is direction1 we are enc\nt]$ by a mass ( evid5ce :i* effectually closes ?is discussion4 ,y cont5d$ j n[ z eag]ly = ! ,v?-c5tury ,codex ,a1 z if its witness 7 a po9t ( vital importance to y4 ,b ,i am prep>$ to %[ t ,,gregory ,,( ,,nyssa 7a full c5tury be=e ,codex ,a 0 produc$71 9 at lea/ #bb places1 knew ( no o!r read+ b 47#ihc7 ,( 8 weighty te/imony y appe> to h be5 :olly unaw>e 9 #ahfi1 = y did n ev5 m5tion ,gregory by "n 7see p4 #dbi74 ,s9ce h[ev] y n[ admit t 8 evid5ce is unequivocally aga9/ y1 ,i am will+ to ha/5 =w>d1--only supply+ y 7at foot7 ) ! means ( v]ify+ :at ,i h /at$ above conc]n+ ! te/imony ( ?is illu/ri\s ,fa!r4 ,y are besides aw>e t ,,didymus17#ihd7 ano!r illu/ri\s witness1 is aga9/ y2 & t he deliv]s unque/ionable te/imony4 ,y are also aw>e t ,,!odoret17#ihe7 9 f\r places1 is c]ta9ly to be reckon$ on ! same side3 ,& fur!r1 t ,,john ,,damasc5e7#ihf7 twice adds 8 fam\s evid5ce to ! re/1--& is also aga9/ y4 ,,*ryso/om7#ihg7 aga91 ^: te/imony y call$ 9 "q 9 #ahfi1 y n[ admit is ano!r ( y\r oppon5ts4 ,i w n l+] ov] 8 "n !re=e1--except to rem>k1 t h[ y c witness a ga!r+ ho/ ( anci5t ,fa!rs illu/ri\s z ^!1 )\t misgiv+1 passes my compreh5sion4 ,*ryso/om is ?ree times a witness4 ,next come two quotations f ,,gregory ,,( ,,nazianzus1--:i* ,i obs]ve y treat z 8inconclusive40 ,i reta9 !m all ! same47#ihh7 ,y are rem9d$ t ?is mo/ rhetorical ( ,fa!rs is seldom m precise 9 quot+ ,scripture4 ,& to ! same c5tury :i* ,gregory ( ,nazianzus adorn$1 is probably to be ref]r$1--7x _c possibly be lat] ?an ,a4,d4 #cej1 ?\gh x may be a va/ deal m anci5t17--,,! ,,title be/[$1 9 ! way ( summ>y1 on t portion ( ,s4 ,paul's fir/ ,epi/le to ,timo?y :i* is conta9$ betwe5 *ap4 iii4 #af & *ap4 iv4 #g1--viz41 4 ,we commonly speak ( ?is z ! sev5? ( ! 8,eu?alian0 or *apt]s3 b ,eu?alius himself decl>es t ^? #ah titles 7 8devis$ by a c]ta9 v wise & pi\s ,fa!r207#ihi7 & ?is p>ticul> title 7 7 is freely employ$ & discuss$ 9 ,gregory ( ,nyssa's treatise aga9/ ,apol9>is17#iij7--:i* latt] _h1 9 fact1 made x "p ( ! title ( 8 own h]etical treatise47#iia7 ,t ! pres5t is a v weighty atte/ation ( ! read+1 no "o probably w d5y3 a memorable pro( moreov] t 7#iib7 mu/ h be5 univ]sally read 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af ?r\gh\t ! c5tury :i* witness$ ! production ( codices ,b & 4 ,,sev]us1 ,,bp4 ,,( ,,antio*1 y also consid] a 8n unambigu\s0 witness4 ,i v5ture to po9t out to y t :5 a ,fa!r ( ! ,*ur*1 :o has be5 already insi/+ on ! ,g,o,dhead ( ,,*ri/ 7 17 goes on to speak ( ,him z 1 !re is no 8ambiguity0 :atev] ab\t ! fact t he is quot+ f #a ,tim4 iii4 #af47iic7 ,& :y are we only 8p]haps0 to add ! te/imony ( ,,diodorus ,,( ,,t>sus2 see+ t ,diodorus adduces ,s4 ,paul's actual words 7 71 & expressly says t he f9ds !m 9 ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/le to ,timo?y87#iid7 ,h[--may ,i be p]mitt$ to ask--w\ld y h a quotation made pla9]8 i ,bp4 ,ellicott z a controv]siali/4 ,! case ( ,,eu?alius4 ,=give me1 my "l ,bi%op1 if ,i decl>e t ! animus y display 9 conduct+ ! pres5t critical disquisition n only a/oni%es1 b ev5 %ocks me4 ,y seem to say1--,non p]suadebis1 etiamsi p]suas]is4 ,! pla9e/ te/imony y reckon d\btful1 if x goes aga9/ y3 an unsatisfactory quotation1 if x makes = y\r side1 y r\ndly decl>e to be 8evid5ce0 :i* 8/&s ! te/ ( exam9ation407#iie7444 8,we h exam9$ 8 ref]5ces c>efully0 7y say74 8,gregory ( ,nyssa1 ,didymus ( ,alex&ria1 ,!odoret & ,john ,damasc5e 7:o di$ sev]ally ab\t #cid1 #cif1 #deg & #gef;,a4,d47 seem unque/ionably to h read 407#iif7 ,excuse me = tell+ y t ?is is n ! language ( a c&id enquir] aft] ,tru?4 ,y\r grudg+ admission ( ! unequivocal evid5ce borne by ^! f\r illu/ri\s ,fa!rs3--y\r attempt to detract f ! importance ( _! te/imony by screw+ d[n _! date 8to ! /ick+ place30--y\r ass]tion t ! te/imony ( a fif? ,fa!r 8is n unambigu\s30--y\r ins9uation t ! emphatic witness ( a six? may 8p]haps0 be inadmissible3--all ?is k9d ( ?+ is n only q unwor?y ( a ,bi%op :5 he turns disputant1 b effectually indisposes 8 oppon5t to receive 8 argum5tation ) t respectful def]5ce :i* else w\ld h be5 und\bt$ly its due4 ,ne$ ,i rem9d y t m5 d n write _! books :5 !y are 9 articulo mortis8 ,didymus di$ 9 ,a4,d4 #cid1 to be sure3 b he 0 !n #he ye>s ( age4 ,he 0 !re=e born 9 ,a4,d4 #cji1 & is said to h fl\ri%$ 9 #cdg4 ,h[ old d y suppose 7 ! sacr$ codices he _h employ$ till !n8 ,see y n t su* te/imony z 8 to ! ,text ( ,scripture mu/ 9 fairness be held to belong to ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! ,i,vth c5tury8--is m anci5t 9 %ort 7& inf9itely m important7 ?an t ( any writt5 codex ) :i* we are acqua9t$8 ,press$ by my 8cl\d ( witnesses10 y seek to get rid ( !m by insult+ me4 8,we pass ov]0 7y say7 8names br\ght 9 to swell ! numb]1 su* z ,eu?alius1--= :om no ref]5ce is giv5407#iig7 ,d y !n suspect me ( ! bas5ess1--nay1 d y mean s]i\sly to impute x to me1--( introduc+ 8names0 8to swell ! numb]0 ( witnesses on my side8 ,d y mean fur!r to ins9uate t ,i prud5tly gave no ref]5ce 9 ! case ( 8,eu?alius10 because ,i 0 unable to specify any place :]e 8 te/imony is f\nd8444 ,i %\ld really pause = an answ]1 b t a trifl+ circum/ance solicits me1 :i*1 if x does n ent]ta9 ! ,bp4 ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol1 w c]ta9ly ent]ta9 e "o else :o takes ! tr\ble to read ^! pages4 8,su* z ,eu?alius06 ,y _h evid5tly =gott5 :5 y p5n$ t (f5sive s5t5ce1 t ,,eu?alius is "o ( ! few ,fa!rs adduc$ by y\rself7#iih7 7b = :om y 8gave no ref]5ce107 9 #ahfi1--:5 y 7 sett+ d[n ! ,patri/ic evid5ce 9 fav\r ( 4444 ,?is little incid5t is really 9 a high degree sugge/ive4 ,y\r practice has evid5tly be5 to appropriate ,patri/ic ref]5ces7#iii7 )\t ?\ght or v]ification1--prud5tly to ab/a9 f dropp+ a h9t h[ y came by !m1--b to use !m l dummies1 = %[4 ,at ! end ( a few ye>s1 7naturally en\gh17 y entirely =get ! circum/ance1--& proce$ vigor\sly to box ! e>s ( ! fir/ unlucky ,dean :o comes 9 y\r way1 :om y suspect ( hav+ come by 8 le>n+ 7su* z x is7 9 ! same slov5ly mann]4 ,=give me = decl>+ 7:ile my e>s are yet t+l+7 t if y 7 ev5 mod]ately acqua9t$ ) ?is dep>tm5t ( ,sacr$ ,sci5ce1 y w\ld see at a glance t my ,patri/ic ref]5ces are nev] obta9$ at second h&3 = ! suffici5t reason t else:]e !y are n to be met )4 ,b waiv+ ?is1 y h made x luce cl>ius to all ! _w t s late z ! ye> #ahhb1 to y 8,eu?alius0 0 no?+ else b 8a "n40 ,& ?is really does a/oni% me3 = n only 0 he a fam\s ,ecclesia/ical p]sonage1 7a ,bi%op l y\rself17 b 8 "w 7! date ( :i* is ,a4,d4 #deh17 is "o ) :i* no ,au?or ( a 8,critical ,comm5t>y0 on ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les c af=d to be unacqua9t$4 ,pray read :at ,b]riman has writt5 conc]n+ ,eu?alius 7pp4 #bag to #bbb7 9 8 admirable 8,diss]tation on #a ,tim4 iii4 #af40 ,turn also1 if y please1 to ! ,biblio!ca ( ,gall&ius 7vol4 x4 #aig-cbc71 & y w recognize ! pla9 fact t ! only reason :y1 9 ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review10 8no ref]5ce is giv5 = ,eu?alius10 is because ! only ref]5ce possible is--#a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 j ,! te/imony ( ! lett] ascrib$ to ,,dionysius ,,( ,,alex&ria4 ,six o!r primitive witnesses to #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 specifi$4 ,!n fur!r1 y absolutely take no notice ( ! rem>kable te/imony :i* ,i adduc$ 7p4 #aja7 f a fam\s ,epi/le purport+ to h be5 address$ by ,,dionysius ,,( ,,alex&ria 7,a4,d4 #bfd7 to ,paul ( ,samosata4 ,t ! long & int]e/+ composition 9 "q7#ajjj7 0 n actually ! "w ( ! great ,dionysius1 is inf]r$--7:e!r rightly or wrongly ,i am n conc]n$ to enquire7--f ! fact t ! ,antio*ian ,fa!rs say expressly t ,dionysius did n deign to address ,paul p]sonally4 ,b y are reque/$ to rememb] t ! epi/le mu/ ne$s h be5 writt5 by somebody37#ajja7 t x may safely be ref]r$ to ! ,i,i,ird c5tury2 & t x c]ta9ly witnesses to 17#ajjb7--:i* is ! only matt] ( any real importance to my argum5t4 ,its te/imony is1 9 fact1 z express & emphatic z words c make x4 ,& "h1 let me call y\r att5tion to ! circum/ance t !re are at lea/ ,,six ,,o!r ,,primitive ,,witnesses1 "s ( :om mu/ ne$s h recogniz$ ! read+ = :i* ,i am "h cont5d+1 7viz4 17 ?\gh n "o ( !m quotes ! place 9 ext5so1 nor inde$ ref]s to x 9 su* a way z effectually to b> ! door aga9/ reasonable dispute4 ,! pres5t is 9 fact j ! k9d ( text :i*1 f its und5iable gr&eur1--its /rik+ rhy?m1--& yet m its dogmatic importance1--0 sure to attract ! att5tion ( ! e>lie/1 no less ?an ! late/ ( ! ,fa!rs4 ,accord+ly1 ! au?or ( ! ,epi/le ad ,diognetum7#ajjc7 cle>ly ref]s to x e>ly 9 ! ,i,ind c5tury2 ?\gh n 9 a way to be helpful to u 9 our pres5t enquiry4 ,i _c feel surpris$ at ! circum/ance4 ,! yet e>li] ref]5ces 9 ! epi/les ( 7#a7 ,,ignatius 7?ree 9 numb]7 are helpful1 & may n be ov]look$4 ,!y are z foll[s3-- 3-- -- 1 47#ajjd7 ,x is to be wi%$1 no d\bt1 t ^! ref]5ces _h be5 a little m full & explicit3 b ! v e>ly ,fa!rs are ev] obs]v$ to quote ,scripture ?us p>tially1--allusively1--elliptically4 7#b7 ,,b>nabas has j su* ano!r allusive ref]5ce to ! words 9 dispute1 :i* seems to %[ t he mu/ h read 3 viz4 444 47#ajje7--7c7 ,,hippolytus1 on two occasions1 ev5 m unequivocally ref]s to ?is read+4 ,once1 :ile engag$ 9 prov+ t ,,*ri/ is ,,god1 he says3-- 37#ajjf7--;& aga91 9 a v simil> passage :i* ,!odoret quotes f ! same ,fa!r's lo/ "w on ! ,psalms3-- 1 47#ajjg7--7d7 ,,gregory ,,?aumaturgus1 7if x really be he17 seems also to ref] directly to ?is place :5 he says 79 a passage quot$ by ,photius7#ajjh771-- 4--,fur!r1 7#e7 9 ! ,,apo/olical ,,con/itutions1 we meet ) ! expression1-- 47#ajji7 ,& :5 7#f7 ,,basil ,,! ,,great ,a4,d4 #cgg1 writ+ to ! m5 ( ,sozopolis ^: fai? ! ,arians _h assail$1 rem>ks t su* tea*+ 8subv]ts ! sav+ ,disp5sation ( our ,,"l ,,jesus ,,*ri/20 &1 bl5d+ ,rom4 xvi4 #be1 #bf ) 8! great my/]y0 ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1--7;9 ord] to af=d himself an opportunity ( pass+ 9 review our ,,savi\r',s "w = ,8 ,*ur* 9 anci5t days17--viz4 8,aft] all ^!1 at ! end ( ! day1 1 307#ajaj7--:o w d5y t su* an "o probably f\nd nei!r nor 1 b 1 9 ! copy be=e him8 ,i h ?\ght x due to ! enquiry ,i h 9 h& to give a di/9ct place to ! =ego+ evid5ce--su* z x is--( ,ignatius1 ,b>nabas1 ,hippolytus1 ,gregory ,?aumaturgus1 ! ,apo/olical ,con/itutions1 & ,basil4 ,b ,i %all n build ^u su* f\ndations4 ,let me g on ) :at is indisputable4 k ,! te/imony ( ,,cyril ,,( ,,alex&ria4 ,next1 = ,,cyril ,,( ,,alex&ria1 :om y decl9e to accept z a witness = 4 ,y are prep>$1 ,i tru/1 to submit to ! logic ( facts8 ,9 a treatise address$ to ! ,empresses ,arcadia & ,m>9a1 ,cyril is und]tak+ to prove t our ,,"l is v & et]nal ,,god47#ajaa7 ,8 me?od is to e/abli% sev]al %ort !ses all t5d+ to ?is "o object1 by cit+ f ! sev]al books ( ! ,n4 ,t41 9 turn1 ! pr9cipal texts :i* make = 8 purpose4 ,pres5tly1 7viz4 at page #aag17 he ann\nces z 8 !sis1--8,fai? 9 ,,*ri/ z ,,god20 & :5 he comes to #a ,timo?y1 he quotes iii4 #af at l5g?2 reasons ^u x1 & po9ts out t is "h spok5 (47#ajab7 ,!re c be no d\bt ab\t ?is quotation1 :i* exhibits no ess5tial v>iety ( read+2--a quotation :i* ,eu?ymius ,zigab5us reproduces 9 8 8,panoplia10--& :i* ,c4 ,f4 ,mat?i has ) pa9ful accuracy edit$ f t s\rce47#ajac7--,once m4 ,9 a newly recov]$ treatise ( ,cyril1 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is aga9 quot$ at l5g? ) 1--foll[$ by ! rem>k t 8our ,nature 0 ju/ifi$1 by ,,god manife/$ 9 ,him407#ajad7 ,i really see n h[ y w\ld h ,cyril m di/9ctly recognize z ! read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af47ajae7 ,y are reque/$ to obs]ve t 9 ord] to prev5t cavil1 ,i =be> to build on two o!r fam\s places 9 ,cyril's writ+s :]e ! evid5ce = read+ is ab\t balanc$ by a correspond+ am\nt ( evid5ce :i* has be5 discov]$ = read+ 4 ,n b :at ! context r5d]s x pla9 t mu/ h be5 ,cyril's ^w on bo? occasions4 ,( ?is let ! read] himself be judge3-- 7#a7 ,9 a treatise1 address$ to ! ,empresses ,eudocia & ,pul*]ia1 ,cyril quotes #a ,tim4 iii4 #af 9 ext5so47#ajaf7 8,if0 7he beg9s7--8! ,^w1 be+ ,,god1 c\ld be said to inhabit ,man's nature 77 )\t yet ceas+ to be ,,god1 b rema9$ = ev] :at ,he 0 be=e1--!n1 great inde$ is ! my/]y ( ,godl9ess407#ajag7 ,he proce$s 9 ! same /ra9 at mu* l5g?47#ajah7 ,next 7#b7 ! same place ( ,timo?y is j z fully quot$ 9 ,cyril's ,explanatio xii4 capitum3 :]e n only ! ,!sis17#ajai7 b also ! context con/ra9s belief t ,cyril wrote 3--8,:at !n means #80 manife/$ 9 ! fle%'8 ,x means t ! ,^w ( ,,god ! ,,fa!r 0 made fle%4444 ,9 ?is way !re=e we say t ,he 0 bo? ,,god & ,man4444 ,?us0 7,cyril concludes7 8is ,he ,,god & ,,"l ( all407#ajbj7 ,b1 z a=esaid1 ,i d n propose to re/ my case on ei!r ( ^! passages2 b on ^? two o!r places conc]n+ :i* !re exi/s no v>iety ( tradition z to ! read+4 ,:e!r ! passages 9 :i* ! read+ is c]ta9 ought n to be held to det]m9e ! read+ ( ! passages conc]n+ :i* ! evid5ce is ab\t ev5ly balanc$2--:e!r 9 d\btful cases1 ! requirem5ts ( ! context %\ld n be all[$ to turn ! scale2--,i =be> to enquire4 ,i take my /& on :at is cle> & und5iable4 ,on ! o!r h& y are *all5g$ to produce a s+le in/ance 9 ,cyril ( 2 1 :]e ! read+ is n equally balanc$ by 4 ,& 7z already expla9$7 ( c\rse x makes no?+ = t ,cyril %\ld sometimes say t 8! my/]y0 "h spok5 ( is ,,*ri/ :o 80 manife/$ 9 ! fle%10 c4 ,a man ) no?+ else b ! ,a4 ,v4 ( ! 8,textus ,receptus0 be=e him might equally well say t4 ,see above1 pages #dbg-h4 ,n unaw>e am ,i ( a c]ta9 brief ,s*olium7#ajba7 :i* ! ,critics freely allege 9 pro( t ,cyril wrote 7n 71 & :i* z !y quote x1 7viz4 s mutilat$ z effectually to conceal its mean+17 c]ta9ly seems to be express 9 its te/imony4 ,b ! ?+ is all a mi/ake4 ,rightly und]/ood1 ! ,s*olium 9 "q r5d]s no te/imony at all2--z ,i proce$ to expla94 ,! only wond] is t su* critics z ,b5tley17#ajbb7 ,wet/e917#ajbc7 ,bir*17#ajbd7 ,tis*5dorf17#ajbe7 or ev5 ,tregelles17#ajbf7 %\ld n h se5 ?is = !mselves4 ,! au?or1 7:e!r ,photius1 or "s o!r17 is insi/+ on our ,,"l',s absolute exemption f s91 al?\gh = our sakes ,he became v ,man4 ,9 support ( ?is1 he quotes ,is4 liii4 #i1 7or r1 #a ,pet4 ii4 #bb7--8,:o did no s91 nei!r 0 guile f\nd 9 ,8 m\?40 8,s4 ,cyril0 7he proce$s7 89 ! #ab? *4 ( 8 ,s*olia says1--#8,:o 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! ,_s2' = ,he 0 9 no way subject to our infirmities10 & s on4 ,n[1 e "o mu/ see at a glance t x is entirely to misappreh5d ! matt] to suppose t x is any "p ( ! ,s*olia/'s object1 9 :at prec$es1 to invite att5tion to s irrelevant a circum/ance z t ,cyril began 8 quotation ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 ) in/ead ( 47#ajbg7 ,z ,wat]l& rem>k$ to ,b]riman #aej ye>s ago17#ajbh7 ! ,s*olia/'s "o object 0 to %[ h[ ,cyril int]pret$ ! expression 8ju/ifi$ 9 ! ,_s40 ,altoge!r mislead+ is x to quote only ! fir/ l9e1 beg9n+ at & end+ at 1 z ! ,critics inv>iably d4 ,! po9t to :i* 9 ?is way prom95ce is exclusively giv51 0 cle>ly1 to ! ,comm5tator1 a matt] ( no conc]n at all4 ,he quotes f ,cyril's 8,s*olia de ,inc>natione ,unig5iti107#ajbi7 9 pref]5ce to any o!r ( ,cyril's writ+s1 = a va/ly diff]5t reason47#ajcj7 ,& yet ?is--7viz4 ,cyril's suppos$ sub/itution ( = 7--is1 9 ! acc\nt ( ! ,critics1 ! "o ?+ :i* ! ,s*olia/ 0 desir\s ( putt+ on record4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 on ref]r+ to ! place 9 ,cyril1 we make an important discov]y4 ,! ,greek ( ! ,s*olium 9 "q be+ lo/1 we dep5d = our k ( its cont5ts on ! ,lat9 translation ( ,m>ius ,m]cator1 ,cyril's contempor>y4 ,& 9 t translation1 no trace is discov]able ( ei!r or 47#ajca7 ,! quotation f ,timo?y beg9s abruptly at 4 ,! ,lat9 is z foll[s3--8,div9us ,paulus magnum quidem ait esse my/]ium pietatis4 ,et v]e ita se res habet3 manife/atus e/ enim 9 c>ne1 cum sit ,,deus ,v]bum407#ajcb7 ,! suppos$ ho/ile evid5ce f ?is qu>t] proves !re=e to be non-exi/5t4 ,i pass on4 l ,! argum5t e sil5tio consid]$4 ,! argum5t e sil5tio1--7( all argum5ts ! mo/ prec>i\s17--has n be5 neglect$4--8,b we _c /op "h10 y say37#ajcc7 8,wet/e9 obs]v$ long ago t ,cyril does n produce ?is text :5 he does produce ,rom4 ix4 #e 9 answ] to ! allegation :i* he quotes f ,julian t ,s4 ,paul nev] employ$ ! ^w ( our ,,"l407#ajcd7 ,well b1 nei!r does ,gregory ( ,nyssa produce ?is text :5 he is writ+ a ,treatise expressly to prove ! ,g,o,dhead ( ! ,,son & ( ! ,,holy ,,gho/4 8,grave e/10--says ,tis*5dorf47#ajce7 ,no1 n 8grave0 at all1 ,i answ]3 b :e!r 8grave0 or n1 t ,gregory ( ,nyssa read 9 ?is place1 is at lea/ c]ta94 ,z = ,wet/e91 y h be5 rem9d$ already1 t 8ubi de ,div9itate ,,*ri/i agitur1 ibi pr(ecto sui dissimilior depreh5ditur407#ajcf7 ,exam9e ! place 9 ,cyril ,alex4 = y\rself1 read+ /eadily on f p4 #cbg a to p4 #ccc b4 ,bett] /ill1 read--pay+ special att5tion to 8 ,scriptural pro(s--,cyril's two ,treatises 8,de rect ,fide407#ajcg7 ,b 9 fact att5d to ! me?od ( ,a?anasius1 ( ,basil1 or ( :omsoev] else y w27#ajch7 & y w spe$ily conv9ce y\rself t ! argum5t e sil5tio is next to valueless on occasions l ! pres5t4 ,c]ta9 ( ! ,critics h jump$ to ! conclusion t ! o!r ,cyril _c h be5 acqua9t$ ) ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #ai 7& !re=e ) ! 8la/ ,twelve ,v]ses0 ( 8 ,gospel71 because :51 9 8 ,cate*etical ,lectures1 he comes to ! 8,resurrection10 8,asc5sion10 & 8,session at ! ,"r ,h&10--he does n quote ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #ai4 ,& yet1--7z x has be5 else:]e7#ajci7 fully %[n1 & 9 fact ! reason is assign$ by ,cyril himself17--?is is only because1 on ! previ\s day1 be+ ,sunday1 ,cyril ( ,j]usalem _h enl>g$ ^u ! ,scriptural evid5ce = ^? augu/ v]ities1 7viz4 ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #ai1--,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #ea1--;,acts i4 #i72 & !re=e 0 unwill+ to say ov] aga9 be=e ! same auditory :at he _h s rec5tly deliv]$4 ,b inde$1--7! rem>k is wor? mak+ 9 pass+17--_m ( our mod]n ,critics seem to =get t ! h]etics ) :om ,a?anasius1 ,basil1 ! ,gregories1 c41 7 *iefly 9 conflict1 did n by any means d5y ! ,godhead ( our ,,"l4 ,arians & ,apol9>ians alike admitt$ t ,,*ri/ 0 ,,god4 ,?is1 9 fact1 has be5 po9t$ out already4 ,v diff]5tly inde$ w\ld ! anci5t ,fa!rs h express$ !mselves1 c\ld !y h imag9$ ! calamit\s use :i*1 at ! end ( #aejj ye>s1 p]v]se wits w\ld make ( _! writ+s1--! a/oni%+ inf]5ces !y w\ld propose to extract f _! v sil5ce4 ,i may n g fur!r into ! subject 9 ?is place4 m ,! /ory ab\t ,,mac$onius4 ,8 te/imony4 ,x foll[s to say a few words conc]n+ ,,mac$onius ,,ii41 patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople ,a4,d4 #dif-eaa1 ( :om x has be5 absurdly decl>$ t he 0 ! inv5tor ( ! read+ = :i* ,i cont5d4 ,i po9t$ out on a =m] occasion t x w\ld foll[ f t v circum/ance1 7z f> z x is true17 t ,mac$onius 8is a witness = --p]=ce407#ajdj7 ,in/ead ( ei!r ass5t+ to ?is1 7:i* is surely a self-evid5t proposition671--or else disprov+ x1--y are at ! pa9s to furbi% up afre%1 z if x 7 a novelty1 ! /ale & /upid figm5t propagat$ by ,lib]atus ( ,c>?age1 t ,mac$onius 0 expell$ f 8 see by ! ,emp]or ,ana/asius = falsify+ #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,?is explod$ fable y preface by ann\nc+ x z 8a rem>kable fact10 t 8x 0 ! di/9ct belief ( ,lat9 writ]s z e>ly z ! ,v,ith c5tury t ! read+ ( ?is passage _h be5 corrupt$ by ! ,greeks407#ajda7 ,h[ y get y\r 8rem>kable fact10 out ( y\r premiss1--8! di/9ct belief ( ,lat9 writ]s10 out ( ! indi/9ct rum\r 8dicitur0 v\*$ = by a s+le individual1--,i see n4 ,b let t pass4 8,! /ory %[s0 7y proce$7 8t ! ,lat9s 9 ! six? c5tury believ$ to be ! read+ ( ! old] ,greek manuscripts1 & reg>d$ z a false read+ made out ( x40 7p4 #fi47--,my "l ,bi%op1 ,i v5ture to decl>e t ! /ory %[s no?+ ( ! sort4 ,! ,lat9s 9 ! ,v,ith 7& e o!r7 c5tury believ$ t--n 1 b--1 0 ! "r read+ ( ! ,greek 9 ?is place4 ,_! belief on ?is subject h[ev] has no?+ :atev] to d ) ! /ory be=e u4 ,lib]atus 0 n ! spokesman ( 8! ,lat9s ( ! ,v,ith10 7or any o!r bygone7 8c5tury30 b 7z ,bp4 ,pe>son po9ts out7 a s+ul>ly ill-in=m$ ,ar*deacon ( ,c>?age2 :o1 _h he tak5 ev] s little pa9s ) ! subject1 w\ld h become aw>e t = no su* reason z he assigns 0 ,mac$onius ,a4,d4 #eaa ?ru/ out ( 8 bi%opric4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !re 7 at lea/ ?us mu* ( tru? 9 ! /ory1--namely1 t "o ( ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ ,mac$onius 0 8 hav+ corrupt$ ,scripture1 & notably 8 hav+ alt]$ into 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af2--surely1 ! mo/ obvi\s ( all inf]5ces w\ld be1 t 0 f\nd 9 copies ( ,s4 ,paul's epi/les put =? at ,con/ant9ople by ar*iepiscopal au?ority betwe5 ,a4,d4 #dif & ,a4,d4 #eaa4 ,to say ! lea/1--,mac$onius1 by 8 writ+s or by 8 disc\rses1 c]ta9ly by 8 influ5ce1 mu/ h %[n himself fav\rable to 7n 7 4 ,else1 ) :at %[ ( reason c\ld ! *>ge h be5 br\ght aga9/ him8 8,i suppose0 7says our le>n$ ,dr4 ,john ,mill7 8t ! fable be=e u arose out ( ! fact t ,mac$onius1 on he>+ t 9 sev]al ,,mss4 ( ! ,con/ant9opolitan ,*ur* ! text ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af 7:i* witnesses expressly to ! ,godhead ( ,,*ri/7 _h be5 deprav$1 0 c>eful t ^? copies %\ld be correct$ 9 con=mity ) ! be/ exempl>s407#ajdb7 ,b1 9 fact1 ,i suspect y completely misund]/& ! :ole matt]4 ,y speak ( 8! /ory40 ,b pray1--,:i* 8/ory0 d y mean8 8,! /ory0 :i* ,lib]atus told 9 ! ,v,ith c5tury8 or ! +5i\s gloss :i* ,h9cm>1 ,abp4 ( ,rheims1 put ^u x 9 ! ,i,xth8 ,y m5tion ! fir/1--y reason f ! second4 ,ei!r w suit me equally well4 ,b--una la volta1 p] c>it6 ,h9cm>1 7:om ! critics g5]ally foll[17 relates t ,mac$onius turn$ into 7i4e4 747#ajdc7 ,if ,mac$onius did1 he pref]r$ to 4444 ,b ! /ory :i* ,lib]atus promulgat$ is q diff]5t47#ajdd7 ,let him be he>d3-- 8,at ?is "t1 ,mac$onius1 bp4 ( ,,cp41 is said to h be5 depos$ by ! emp]or ,ana/asius on a *>ge ( hav+ falsifi$ ! ,gospels1 & notably t say+ ( ! ,apo/le1 #8,quia app>uit 9 c>ne1 ju/ificatus e/ 9 spiritu4' ,he 0 *>g$ ) hav+ turn$ ! ,greek monosyllable 7i4e4 #8qui'71 by ! *ange ( a s+le lett] 7 = 7 into 3 i4e4 #8ut esset ,deus app>uit p] c>nem4' 0 ,n[1 t ?is is a v lame /ory1 all mu/ see4 ,9 recit+ ! passage 9 ,lat91 ,lib]atus himself exhibits nei!r 8qui10 nor 8quod10 nor 8,deus10--b 8,,quia app>uit 9 c>ne40 7,! translator ( ,orig51 by ! way1 does ! same ?+47#ajde77 ,& yet1 ,lib]atus /raightway adds 7z ! effect ( ! *ange7 8ut esset ,deus app>uit p] c>nem30 z if t 7 possible1 unless 8,deus0 /ood 9 ! text already6 ,q pla9 9 ! meantime is x1 t1 accord+ to ,lib]atus1 0 ! ^w :i* ,mac$onius introduc$ into #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,& x is wor? obs]v+ t ! scribe :o r5d]$ into ,greek ,pope ,m>t9 ,i4's fif? ,lett] 7writt5 on ! occasion ( ! ,lat]an ,c\ncil ,a4,d4 #fdi71--;hav+ to translate ! ,pope's quotation f ! ,vulgate 78quod manife/atus e/107--exhibits 9 ?is place47#ajdf7 ,high "t x becomes t ,i %\ld (f] x z my op9ion t ^? ,critics are "r 7,cornelius ,lapide #afad & ,cotel]ius #afha7 :o1 reason+ f :at ,lib]atus actually says1 %rewdly inf] t !re mu/ h exi/$ codices 9 ! "t ( ,mac$onius :i* exhibit$ 9 ?is place2 & t ?is mu/ be ! read+ to :i* ,lib]atus ref]s47#ajdg7 ,su* codices exi/ /ill4 ,"o1 is pres]v$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,basilian monks at ,crypta ,f]rata1 already spok5 ( at pp4 #ddf-h3 ano!r1 is at ,p>is4 ,i call !m respectively 8,apo/4 #hc0 & 8,paul #bhb407ajdh7 ,?is is new4 ,en\gh ( all ?is h[ev]4 ,too mu* 9 fact4 ,i mu/ ha/5 on4 ,! entire fable1 by :omsoev] fabricat$1 has be5 treat$ ) well-m]it$ contempt by a succession ( le>n$ m5 ev] s9ce ! days ( ,bp4 ,pe>son47#ajdi7 ,& al?\gh dur+ ! la/ c5tury sev]al writ]s ( ! unbeliev+ s*ool 7*iefly ,soc9ians7#ajej77 reviv$ & embelli%$ ! silly /ory1 9 ord] if possible to get rid ( a text :i* witnesses inconv5i5tly to ! ,,godhead ( ,,*ri/1 "o w\ld h hop$ t1 9 ^! enlight5$ days1 a ,*ri/ian ,bi%op ( ! same ,*ur* :i* ! le>n$1 pi\s1 & judici\s ,john ,b]riman adorn$ a c5tury & a-half ago1 w\ld h be5 a%am$ to rek9dle ! anci5t /rife & to swell ! ,soc9ian *orus4 ,i %all be satisfi$ if ,i h at lea/ conv9c$ y t ,mac$onius is a witness = 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 n ,! te/imony ( an ,,anonym\s writ] 7,a4,d4 #dcj71--( ,,epiphanius 7,a4,d4 #ghg71--( ,,!odorus ,,/udita 7,a4,d4 #gie871--( ,,s*olia1--( ,,cum5ius1--( ,,!ophylact1--( ,,eu?ymius4 ,! evid5ce ( an ,,anonym\s ,au?or :o has be5 mi/ak5 = ,a?anasius1--y pass by 9 sil5ce4 ,t ?is writ] liv$ 9 ! days :5 ! ,ne/orian ,controv]sy 0 rag+1--namely1 9 ! fir/ half ( ! ,v? c5tury1--is at all ev5ts evid5t4 ,he is !re=e at lea/ z anci5t a witness = ! text ( ,scripture z codex ,a itself3 & is cle>ly :at he f\nd writt5 9 ?is place47#ajea7 ,:y d y make su* a fuss ab\t ,cod4 ,a1 & yet ignore ?is contempor>y witness8 ,we d n "k :o wrote ! ,epi/le 9 "q1--true4 ,nei!r d we "k :o wrote ,codex ,a4 ,:at !n8 ,ano!r em95t witness = 1 :om also y d n condesc5d to notice1 is ,,epiphanius1 ,,deacon ,,( ,,catana 9 ,sicily1--:o repres5t$ ,?omas1 ,abp4 ( ,s>d9ia1 at ! #bnd ,nic5e ,c\ncil1 ,a4,d4 #ghg4 ,a long disc\rse ( ?is ,ecclesia/ic may be se5 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,c\ncil1 translat$ into ,lat91--:i* makes 8 te/imony s /rik+4 ,b 9 fact 8 words are express17#ajeb7 & ! m valuable because !y come f a region ( ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom f :i* textual utt]ances are r>e4 ,a f> m conspicu\s writ] ( ne>ly ! same date1 ,,!odorus ,,/udita ( ,,cp1 ,a4,d4 #gei-hbf1 is also a witness = 47#ajec7 ,h[ does x happ51 my "l ,bi%op1 t y cont5d s eag]ly = ! te/imony ( codices ,f & ,g1 :i* are b "o ,i,xth-c5tury witness aft] all1--& yet entirely disreg>d liv+ utt]ances l ^!1 ( kn[n m51--:o belong$ to kn[n places1--& wrote at a kn[n "t8 ,is x because !y witness unequivocally aga9/ y8 ,sev]al anci5t ,,s*olia/s1 express+ !mselves div]sely1 des]ve enum]ation "h1 :o are all witnesses = exclusively47#ajed7 ,la/ly1-- ,,cum5ius7#ajee7 7,a4,d4 #iij71--,,!ophylact7#ajef7 7,a4,d4 #ajgg71--;,,eu?ymius7#ajeg7 7,a4,d4 #aaaf71--;close ?is enum]ation4 ,!y are all ?ree cle> witnesses = read+ n b 4 o ,! te/imony ( ,,ecclesia/ical ,,tradition4 ,no?+ has be5 hi!rto said conc]n+ ! ,ecclesia/ical usage ) respect to ?is place ( ,scripture4 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af occurs 9 a lection consi/+ ( n9e v]ses 7#a ,tim4 iii4 #ac-;iv4 #e71 :i* us$ to be publicly read 9 almo/ all ! ,*ur*es ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom on ! ,saturday be=e ,epiphany47#ajeh7 ,x 0 also read1 9 n a few ,*ur*es1 on ! #cd? ,saturday ( ! ye>47#ajei7 ,un=tunately1 ! book :i* conta9s lections f ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 78,apo/olus0 x is te*nically call$17 is ( comp>atively r>e occurr5ce1--is (t5 f\nd 9 a mutilat$ condition1--& 7= ?is & o!r reasons7 is1 z (t5 z n1 )\t ?is p>ticul> lesson47#ajfj7 ,?us1 an analysis ( #ij copies ( ! 8,apo/olus0 7,no4 #a to #ij71 is att5d$ by ! foll[+ result3--#aj are f\nd to h be5 set d[n 9 error27#ajfa7 :ile #da are decl>$--7sometimes1 ,i fe>1 ?r\gh ! unskilfulness ( ^? :o pr(ess to h exam9$ !m71--n to conta9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af47ajfb7 ,( #g1 ,i h n be5 able to obta9 tid+s47#ajfc7 ,?us1 !re are b #cb copies ( ! book call$ 8,apo/olus0 available = our pres5t purpose4 ,b ( ^! ?irty-two1 tw5ty-sev5 exhibit 47#ajfd7 ,y w be int]e/$ to he> t "o rejoices 9 ! unique read+ 37#ajfe7 :ile ano!r ,copy ( ! ',apo/olus' keeps 8,paul #bhb0 9 c\nt5ance by read+ 47#ajff7 ,9 o!r words1 8,,god0 is f\nd 9 #bi copies out ( #cb3 :ile 8:o0 77 is obs]v$ to survive 9 only #c1--;& !y1 ,we/]n docum5ts ( suspici\s "*4 ,two ( ^! 7 produc$ 9 "o & ! same ,calabrian mona/]y2 & !y /ill /&1 side by side1 9 ! libr>y ( ,crypta ,f]rata37#ajfg7 be+ exclusively 9 sympa?y ) ! v suspici\s ,we/]n docum5t at ,p>is1 already describ$ at page #ddf4 ,,ecclesia/ical ,,tradition is !re=e cle>ly aga9/ y1 9 respect ( ! read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,h[ y e/imate ?is head ( ,evid5ce1 ,i "k n4 ,= my own "p1 ,i hold x to be ( sup]lative importance4 ,x transports u back1 at once1 to ! primitive age2 & is f\nd to be inf9itely bett] des]v+ ( att5tion ?an ! witness ( any extant uncial docum5ts :i* c be produc$4 ,& :y8 ,= ! pla9 reason t x mu/ ne$s h be5 once atte/$ by an indef9itely l>ge numb] ( codices m anci5t by f> ?an any :i* we n[ possess4 ,9 fact1 ,,ecclesia/ical ,,tradition1 :5 sup]add$ to ! te/imony ( ,manuscripts & ,fa!rs1 becomes an ov]:elm+ consid]ation4 ,& n[ we may at la/ proce$ to sum up4 ,let me ga!r out ! result ( ! =ego+ fifty pages2 & rem9d ! read] briefly ( ! am\nt ( ext]nal te/imony producible 9 support ( ea* ( ^! rival read+s3--1----4 ,i4 ,sum ( ! ,evid5ce ( ,,v]sions1 ,,copies1 ,,fa!rs1 9 fav\r ( read+ 2 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 77 ,! read+ 2 1--7:i* ,wet/e9 /rove h>d to br+ into fav\r1 & :i* 0 highly popul> ) ! ,soc9ian p>ty d[n to ! ?ird qu>t] ( ! la/ c5tury17--enjoys1 z we h se51 7pp4 #ddh-ec17 ! weighty atte/ation ( ! ,lat9 & ( ! ,pes*ito1--( ! ,coptic1 ( ! ,sahidic1 & ( ! ?iopic ,v]sions4 ,no "o may presume to speak slight+ly ( su* evid5ce z ?is4 ,x is ! olde/ :i* c be produc$ = ! tru? ( any?+ 9 ! inspir$ ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t2 & x comes f ! ,ea/ z well z f ! ,we/4 ,yet is x1 9 & by itself1 cle>ly inadequate4 ,two *>act]i/ics ( ,tru? are want+ to x1--two cr$5tials1--unfurni%$ ) :i*1 x _c be s mu* z s]i\sly ent]ta9$4 ,x dem&s ,v>iety z well z ,l>g5ess ( atte/ation4 ,x %\ld be able to exhibit 9 support ( its claims ! additional witness ( ,,copies & ,,fa!rs4 ,b1 77 ,on ! contr>y1 is f\nd besides 9 only "o ,greek ,manuscript1--viz4 ! ,v,ith-c5tury codex ,cl>omontanus1 ,d4 ,& fur!r1 77 ,two anci5t writ]s alone be> witness to ?is read+1 viz4 ,,gelasius ,,( ,,cyzicus17#ajfh7 ^: date is ,a4,d4 #dgf27ajfi7 & ! ,,unkn[n ,,au?or ( a homily ( unc]ta9 date 9 ! ,app5dix to ,*ryso/om7#ajgj74444 ,x is sc>cely intelligible h[1 on su* evid5ce1 ! ,critics ( ! la/ c5tury c h p]suad$ !mselves 7) ,grotius7 t 2 is ! true read+ ( #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,& yet1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 ?is !sis1 ,sir ,isaac ,newton desc5d$ f ! />ry sph]e & tri$ 8 h& at ,textual ,criticism4 ,wet/e9 7#ageb7 freely transf]r$ ! a/ronom]'s lab\rs to 8 own pages1 & ?us gave r5ew$ curr5cy to an op9ion :i* ! lab\rs ( ! le>n$ ,b]riman 7#agda7 _h already demon/rat$ to be unt5able4 ,:e!r ,,!odore ,,( ,,mopsue/ia 79 8 "w 8de ,inc>natione07 wrote or 1 mu/ rema9 unc]ta9 till a sight has be5 obta9$ ( 8 ,greek toge!r ) its context4 ,i f9d t he quotes #a ,tim iii4 #af at lea/ ?ree times3--,( ! fir/ place1 !re is only a ,lat9 translation1 :i* beg9s 8,,quod ju/ificat,,u e/ 9 spiritu407#ajga7 ,! second place comes to u 9 ,lat91 ,greek1 & ,syriac3 b unsatisfactorily 9 all ?ree3--7a7 ,! ,lat9 v]sion introduces ! quotation ?us1--8,consonantia et ,apo/olus dicit1 ,et manife/e magnum e/ pietatis my/]ium1 ,,qui7#ajgb7 7or ,,quod7#ajgc77 manife/at,,u 7or ,,tum7 e/ 9 c>ne1 ju/ificat,,u 7or ,,tum7 e/ 9 spiritu30--7b7 ,! ,greek1 7= :i* we are indebt$ to ,leontius ,byzant9us1 ,a4,d4 #faj17 reads1-- 1 7#ajgd7--;dive/$ ( all preface47#ajge7 ,^? sev5 words1 ?us isolat$ f _! context1 are accord+ly pr9t$ by ,migne z a head+ only3--7c7 ,! ,syriac translation unmi/akably reads1 8,et ,apo/olus dixit1 ,v]e sublime e/ hoc my/]ium1 ,,quod10--omitt+ 47#ajgf7 ,! ?ird quotation1 :i* is f\nd only 9 ,syriac17#ajgg7 beg9s1--8,= truly great is !-my/]y (-!-fe>-( ,,god1 :o 0 manife/$ 9-!-fle% &-0-ju/ifi$ 9-!-_s40 ,?is diff]s f ! receiv$ text ( ! ,pes*ito by sub/itut+ a diff]5t ^w = 1 & by employ+ ! emphatic /ate 8!-fle%10 8!-_s0 :]e ! ,pes*ito has ! absolute /ate 8fle%10 8_s40 ,! two lat] clauses agree ) ! ,h>kleian or ,philox5ian47#ajgh7--;,i f9d x difficult f all ?is to "k :at precisely to d ) ,!odore's evid5ce4 ,x has a truly oracul> ambiguity2 wav]+ betwe5 ----& ev5 4 ,y1 ,i obs]ve1 7:o are only acqua9t$ ) ! second ( ! ?ree places above cit$1 & b imp]fectly ) t17 d n hesitate to cut ! knot by simply claim+ ! h]etic's au?ority = ! read+ y advocate1--viz4 4 ,i h ?\ght x due to my read]s to tell !m all t is kn[n ab\t ! evid5ce furni%$ by ,!odore ( ,mopsue/ia4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! utmo/ :i* c be advanc$ 9 fav\r ( read+ 2 9 #a ,timo?y iii4 #af1 has n[ be5 freely /at$4 ,i am !re=e at lib]ty to pass on to ! next op9ion4 ,,ii4 ,sum ( ! ,evid5ce ( ,,v]sions1 ,,copies1 ,,fa!rs 9 fav\r ( read+ 2 9 #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,rem>kable x is h[ completely ,griesba* succe$$ 9 div]t+ ! curr5t ( op9ion ) respect to ! place be=e u1 into a new *annel4 ,at fir/ inde$ 7viz4 9 #aggg7 he reta9$ 9 8 ,text1 timidly pr9t+ 9 small type above x2 & rem>k+1--8,judicium de hc lectionis v>ietate lectoribus lib]um rel9qu]e placuit40 ,b1 at ! end ( ?irty ye>s 7viz4 9 #ahjf71 wax+ bold]1 ,griesba* sub/itut$ = 1--8ut ipsi0 7z he says7 8nobis con/>emus40 ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1 ,we/cott & ,hort1 & ! ,revis]s1 "u y\r guidance1 h foll[$ him3 :i* is to me unacc\ntable1--see+ t ev5 less au?ority is producible = 1 ?an = 1 9 ?is place4 ,b let ! evid5ce = 2 be briefly recapitulat$3-- 77 ,x consi/s ( a s+le uncial copy1 viz4 ! corrupt cod4 1--7=1 z 0 fully expla9$ above17#ajgi7 codd4 ,c & ,f-,g yield unc]ta9 te/imony73 & p]haps two cursive copies1 viz4 ,paul #ag1 7! notori\s 8#cc0 ( ! ,gospels17--& a copy at ,upsala 7,no4 #gc71 :i* is held to require fur!r v]ification47#ajhj7 ,to ^!1 are to be add$ ?ree o!r liturgical witnesses 9 ! cursive "*--be+ ,we/]n copies ( ! book call$ 8,apo/olus10 :i* h only rec5tly come to light4 ,two ( ! codices 9 "q are ( ,calabrian orig947#ajha7 ,a few words m on ?is subject w be f\nd above1 at pages #dgg & #dgh4 77 ,! only ,v]sion :i* c]ta9ly witnesses 9 fav\r ( 1 is ! ,go?ic3 :i*1 7z expla9$ at pp4 #deb-c7 exhibits a hopelessly obscure con/ruction1 & re/s on ! evid5ce ( a s+le copy 9 ! ,ambrosian libr>y4 77 ,( ,patri/ic te/imonies 7to 2 7 !re exi/s n "o4 ,t ,,epiphanius ,a4,d4 #cfj pr(ess+ to transcribe f an e>ly treatise ( 8 own1 9 :i* /&s )\t a nom9ative1 %\ld prefix --proves no?+1 z ,i h fully expla9$ else:]e47#ajhb7--,! equivocal te/imony r5d]$ by ,,!odore ,,( ,,mopsue/ia ,a4,d4 #cij is already be=e ! read]47#ajhc7 ,& ?is exhau/s ! evid5ce = a read+ :i* came 91--& 7,i v5ture to pr$ict7 w g out1--) ! pres5t c5tury4 ,my only wond] is1 h[ an exhibition ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af s feebly atte/$1--s almo/ )\t atte/ation1--c h come to be s]i\sly ent]ta9$ by any4 8,si10--7z ,griesba* rem>ks conc]n+ #a ,john v4 #g7--8si tam pauci 444 te/es 444 suffic]5t ad demon/r&am lectionis cujusdam 1 licet ob/5t tam multa tamque gravia et te/imonia et argum5ta2 nullum prorsus sup]esset 9 re critic v]i falsique crit]ium1 et textus ,novi ,te/am5ti univ]sus plane inc]tus esset atque dubius407#ajhd7 ,yet ?is is ! ,read+ :i* y1 my "l ,bi%op1 n only /iffly ma9ta91 b :i* y insi/ is no long] s mu* z 8op5 to reconsid]ation40 ,y are1 x seems1 = introduc+ ! clture into ,textual debate4 ,b 9 fact y are = inflict+ pa9s & p5alties z well1 on ^? :o h ! mis=tune to diff] 9 op9ion f y\rself4 ,y dis*>ge all ! vials ( ! unit$ sees ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol on me = my presumption 9 d>+ to *all5ge ! v]dict ( 8! ,textual ,criticism ( ! la/ fifty ye>s10--( ! ,revis]s1--& ( y\rself2--my folly1 9 v5tur+ to believe t ! traditional read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 7:i* y admit is at lea/ #aecj ye>s old17 is ! "r read+ aft] all4 ,y hold me up to public indignation4 8,he has made0 7y say7 8an elaborate ef=t to %ake conclusions ab\t :i* no pr(ess$ ,s*ol> has any d\bt :atev]2 b :i* an ord9>y read] 7& to su* we address ourselves7 might reg>d z /ill op5 to reconsid]ation40--8,moreov]0 7y proce$7 8?is case is ( great importance z an example4 ,x illu/rates 9 a /rik+ mann] ! complete isolation ( ! ,review]'s position4 ,if he is "r1 all o!r ,critics are wrong407#ajhe7 ,w y p]mit me1 my "l ,bi%op1 z an ord9>y writ]1 address+ 7l y\rself7 8ord9>y read]s10--respectfully to po9t out t y entirely mi/ake ! problem 9 h&8 ,! ,greek ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 is n to be settl$ by ,,mod]n ,,op9ion1 b by ,,anci5t ,,au?ority47#ajhf7 ,9 ?is dep>tm5t ( enquiry !re=e1 8complete isolation0 is 81 & 8 only1 :o is =sak5 by ,,copies1 ,,v]sions1 ,,fa!rs4 ,! man :o is able1 on ! contr>y1 to po9t to an ov]:elm+ company ( ,anci5t ,witnesses1 & is cont5t$ mode/ly to take up 8 /ation at _! feet1--su* an "o c af=d to disreg>d 8,! ,textual ,criticism ( ! la/ fifty ye>s10 if x presumes to contradict _! pla9 decrees2 c ev5 af=d to smile at ! confid5ce ( 8pr(ess$ ,s*ol>s0 & 8,critics10 if !y are s ill advis$ z to set !mselves 9 battle array aga9/ t ho/ ( anci5t m54 ,to say !re=e ( su* an "o1 7z y n[ say ( me17 8,if he is "r1 all o!r ,critics are wrong10--is to pres5t an irrelevant issue1 & to p]plex a pla9 "q4 ,! bus9ess ( ,textual ,criticism 7z y /ate at page #bh ( y\r pamphlet7 is no?+ else b to asc]ta9 8! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! mo/ anci5t ,au?orities40 ,! (fice ( ! ,textual ,critic is none o!r b to int]pret rightly ! solemn v]dict ( ,antiquity4 ,d ,i !n int]pret t v]dict rightly1--or d ,i n8 ,! :ole "q resolves itself into t6 ,if ,i d n1--pray %[ me :]e9 ,i h mi/ak5 ! facts ( ! case4 ,b if ,i d1--:y d y n come ov] in/antly to my side8 8,s9ce he is "r10 7,i %all expect to he> y say17 8x /&s to reason t ! #8pr(ess$ ,critics' :om he has be5 combat+1--myself among ! numb]1--mu/ be wrong40444 ,i am1 y see1 loyally accept+ ! logical issue y h y\rself rais$4 ,i d b seek to reconcile y\r dilemma ) ! actual facts ( ! problem4 ,& n[1 w y li/5 :ile ,i /ate ! gr\nds on :i* ,i am conv9c$ t y\r sub/itution ( = 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is no?+ else b a calamit\s p]v]sion ( ! ,tru?8 ,may ,i be all[$ at lea/ to exhibit1 9 ! same summ>y way z be=e1 ! evid5ce = read+ 9 ?is place nei!r nor 1--b 8 ,,iii4 ,sum ( ! ,evid5ce ( ,,v]sions1 ,,copies1 ,,fa!rs1 9 fav\r ( read+ 9 #a ,tim4 iii #af4 ,entirely diff]5t1--9 respect ( v>iety1 ( quantity & ( quality1--f :at has gone be=e1 is ! witness ( ,antiquity to ! ,receiv$ ,text ( #a ,timo?y iii4 #af3 viz4 2 1 444444 ,i proce$ to rehe>se x 9 outl9e1 hav+ already dwelt 9 detail ^u s mu* ( x z has be5 made ! subject ( controv]sy47#ajhg7 ,! read] is fully aw>e7#ajhh7 t ,i d n propose to make argum5tative use ( ! fir/ six names 9 ! ensu+ enum]ation4 ,to ^? names1 enclos$ )9 squ>e brackets1 ,i =be> ev5 to assign numb]s2 n z ent]ta9+ d\bt conc]n+ ! te/imony !y furni%1 b z resolv$ to build exclusively on facts :i* are incontrov]tible4 ,yet is x b reasonable t ! :ole ( ! ,evid5ce = %\ld be plac$ be=e ! read]3 & he is 9 my judgm5t a wondr\s unfair disputant :o c att5tively survey ! evid5ce :i* ,i ?us =ego1 )\t secretly ackn[l$g+ t its comb9$ ,weight is consid]able2 :ile its ,antiquity makes x a s]i\s "q :e!r x is n simply contr>y to reason t x %\ld be disp5s$ ) 9 an enquiry l ! pres5t4 7a7 ,9 ! ,i/ c5tury !n1--x has be5 already %[n 7at page #dfc7 t ,,ignatius 7,a4,d4 #ij7 probably recogniz$ ! read+ be=e u 9 ?ree places4 7b7 ,! brief b significant te/imony ( ,,b>nabas w be f\nd 9 ! same page4 7c7 ,9 ! ,i,ind c5tury1--,,hippolytus ,a4,d4 #aij 7z 0 expla9$ at page #dfc17 twice comes =w>d z a witness on ! same side4 7d7 ,9 ! ,i,i,ird c5tury1--,,gregory ,,?aumaturgus1 7if x be inde$ he7 has be5 already %[n 7at page #dfc7 probably to te/ify to ! read+ 4 7e7 ,to ! same c5tury is ref]r$ ! "w entitl$ ,,con/itutiones ,,apo/olic3 :i* seems also to witness to ! same read+4 ,see above1 p4 #dfc4 7f7 ,,basil ,,! ,,great also ,a4,d4 #cee1 z w be f\nd expla9$ at page #dfd1 mu/ be held to witness to 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3 ?\gh 8 te/imony1 l t ( ! five names :i* g be=e1 be+ op5 to cavil1 is n "h insi/$ on4--,& n[ to get ^u t]ra firma4 7#a7 ,to ! ,i,i,ird c5tury !n ,a4,d4 #bfd81 belongs ! ,epi/le ascrib$ to ,,dionysius ,,( ,,alex&ria1 7spok5 ( above1 at pages #dfa-b17 9 :i* #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is di/9ctly quot$ 9 ! same way4 7#b7 ,9 ! next1 7! ,i,vth7 c5tury1 unequivocal ,patri/ic witnesses to ab\nd4 ,=emo/ is ,,didymus1 :o presid$ ov] ! ,cate*etical ,s*ool ( ,alex&ria1--! tea*] ( ,j]ome & ,ruf9us4 ,born ,a4,d4 #cji1 & becom+ e>ly fam\s1 he cle>ly witnesses to :at 0 ! read+ ( ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! ,i,vth c5tury4 ,8 te/imony has be5 set =? at page #def4 7#c7 ,,gregory1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,nazianzus ,a4,d4 #cee1 a contempor>y ( ,basil1 9 two places is f\nd to be> simil> witness4 ,see above page #deg4 7#d7 ,,diodorus1 7or 8,!odorus0 z ,photius writes 8 "n17 ! tea*] ( ,*ryso/om1--fir/ ( ,antio*1 aft]w>ds ! h]etical ,,bi%op ,,( ,,t>sus 9 ,cilicia1--is next to be cit$ ,a4,d4 #cgj4 ,8 te/imony is giv5 above at pages #deh-i4 7#e7 ,! next is p]haps our mo/ illu/ri\s witness1--viz4 ,,gregory1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,nyssa 9 ,cappadocia ,a4,d4 #cgj4 ,ref]5ces to at lea/ tw5ty-two places ( 8 writ+s h be5 already giv5 at page #def4 7#f7 ,sc>cely less important ?an ! la/-nam$ ,fa!r1 is ,,*ryso/om ,a4,d4 #chj1 fir/ ( ,antio*1--aft]w>ds ,,patri>* ,,( ,,con/ant9ople1--:o 9 ?ree places witnesses pla9ly to 4 ,see above1 page #deg4 7#g7 ,& to ?is c5tury1 7n lat] c]ta9ly ?an ! la/ half ( x17 is to be ref]r$ ! title ( t 1 or *apt]1 ( ,/4 ,paul's ,fir/ ,epi/le to ,timo?y :i* conta9s *ap4 iii4 #af1--7;inde$1 :i* beg9s ) x17 viz4 4 ,v eloqu5tly does t title witness to ! fact t 0 ! e/abli%$ read+ ( ! place "u discussion1 be=e ei!r cod4 ,b or cod4 0 produc$4 ,see above1 pages #deg-h4 7#h7 ,9 ! ,v? c5tury1--besides ! ,,codex ,,alex&r9us 7cod4 ,a17 conc]n+ :i* s mu* has be5 said already 7page #dca to page #dcg71--we are able to appeal = ! read+ 1 to1 7#i7 ,,cyril1 ,,ar*bi%op ,,( ,,alex&ria1 ,a4,d4 #daj1 :o 9 at lea/ two places witnesses to x unequivocally4 ,see above1 pp4 #dfd to #dgj4 ,s does1 7#aj7 ,,!odoret1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,cyrus 9 ,syria1 ,a4,d4 #dbj3 :o1 9 at lea/ f\r places1 7see above1 page #def7 r5d]s unequivocal & important witness on ! same side4 7#aa7 ,next1 ! ,,anonym\s ,,au?or claims notice ,a4,d4 #dcj1 ^: composition is f\nd 9 ! ,app5dix to ! works ( ,a?anasius4 ,see above1 page #dge4 7#ab7 ,y w be anxi\s to see y\r fri5d ,,eu?alius1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,sulca1 duly recogniz$ 9 ?is enum]ation4 ,he comes next4 ,a4,d4 #deh4 ,! discussion conc]n+ him w be f\nd above1 at page #dei to page #dfa4 7#ac7 ,,mac$onius ,,ii1 ,,patri>* ,,( ,,cp4 ,a4,d4 #dif mu/ ( necessity be m5tion$ "h1 z ,i h v fully expla9$ at page #dgj to page #dgd4 7#ad7 ,to ! ,v,ith c5tury belongs ! ,,georgian ,v]sion1 z already not$ at page #ded4 7#ae7 ,& hi!r is to be ref]r$ ! te/imony ( ,,sev]us1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,antio* ,a4,d4 #eab1 :i* has be5 already p>ticul>ly set d[n at page #deh4 7#af7 ,to ! ,v,i,ith c5tury ,a4,d4 #faf belongs ! ,,h>kleian 7or ,,philox5ian7 ,v]sion2 conc]n+ :i*1 see above1 page #dej4 8,t 0 ! read+ ( ! manuscripts f :i* ?is ,v]sion 0 made1 is put beyond rea* ( d\bt by ! fact t 9 twelve ( ! o!r places :]e occurs17#ajhi7 ! words 7or 7 7#8beauty-(-fe>'7 are f\nd )\t ! addition ( 7or 7 7#8,,god'74 ,x is notewor?y1 t on ! ?irte5? occasion 7#a ,tim4 ii4 #b71 :]e ! ,pes*ito reads #8fe> ( ,,god1' ! ,h>kleian reads #8fe>' only4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,h>kleian m>g9 ( ,acts iii4 #ab expressly /ates t is ! ,greek equival5t ( 7or 7 7#8beauty-(-fe>'74 ,?is effectually e/abli%es ! fact t ! au?or ( ! ,h>kleian rec5sion f\nd 9 8 ,greek manuscript ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af407ajij7 7#ag7 ,9 ! ,v,i,i,ith c5tury1 ,,john ,,damasc5e ,a4,d4 #gcj pre-em95tly claims att5tion4 ,he is twice a witness = 1 z 0 expla9$ at page #deg4 7#ah7 ,next to be m5tion$ is ,,epiphanius1 ,,deacon ,,( ,,catana2 ^: memorable te/imony at ! #bnd ,nic5e ,c\ncil ,a4,d4 #ghg has be5 set d[n above1 at page #dge4 ,& !n1 7#ai7 ,,!odorus ,,/udita ( ,,cp4 ,a4,d4 #gij1--;conc]n+ :om1 see above1 at pages #dge-f4 7#bj71 7#ba7 & 7#bb74 ,to ! ,i,xth c5tury belong ! ?ree rema9+ uncial codices1 :i* alike witness to 3--viz4 ! 8,,cod4 ,,mosqu5sis0 7,k72 ! 8,,cod4 ,,angelicus0 7,l72 & ! 8,,cod4 ,,porphyrianus0 7,p74 7#bc7 ,! ,,slavonic ,,v]sion belongs to ! same c5tury1 & exhibits ! same read+4 7#bd7 ,hi!r also may be ref]r$ sev]al anci5t ,,s*olia :i* all witness to 1 z ,i expla9$ at page #dgf4 7#be7 ,to ! ,x? c5tury belongs ,,cum5ius ,a4,d4 #iij1 :o is also a witness on ! same side4 ,see page #dgf4 7#bf7 ,to ! ,x,ith c5tury1 ,,!ophylact ,a4,d4 #ajgg1 :o be>s express te/imony to ! same read+4 ,see page #dgf4 7#bg7 ,to ! ,x,i,ith c5tury1 ,,eu?ymius ,a4,d4 #aaaf1 :o closes ! li/ ) 8 approv+ v]dict4 ,see page #dgf4 ,& ?us we rea* a p]iod :5 !re awaits u a mass ( te/imony :i* transports u back 7p] saltum7 to ! ,*ur*'s palmie/ days2 te/imony1 :i* rightly und]/ood1 is absolutely decisive ( ! po9t n[ "u discussion4 ,i allude to ! te/imony ( ,,e ,,kn[n ,,copy ,,( ,s4 ,,paul',s ,,epi/les except ! ?ree1 or f\r1 already specifi$1 viz4 ,d ( ,s4 ,paul2 1 #ag1 & p]haps #gc4 ,a few words on ?is la/ head ( ,evid5ce may n be )\t ! grace ( novelty ev5 to y\rself4 ,!y are supplem5t>y to :at has already be5 (f]$ on ! same subject f page #ddc to page #ddf4 ,! copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les 79 cursive writ+7 suppos$ to exi/ 9 ,european libr>ies1--n includ+ ^? 9 ! mona/]ies ( ,greece & ! ,levant17#ajia7--;am\nt to at lea/ #cjb47ajib7 ,out ( ?is numb]1 #b are fabul\s37#ajic7--a has be5 de/roy$ by fire37#ajid7--;& #f h /ray$ into unkn[n localities47#ajie7 ,add1 t #cg 7= v>i\s reasons7 are said n to conta9 ! v]se 9 "q27#ajif7 :ile ( #b1 ,i h be5 hi!rto unsuccessful 9 obta9+ any acc\nt37#ajig7--;& x w be se5 t ! sum ( ! available cursive copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les is exactly #bed4 ,n[1 t #b ( ^! #bed cursive copies 7viz4 ,paul #ag & #gc7--;exhibit 1--y h be5 s eag] 7at pp4 #ga-b ( y\r pamphlet7 to e/abli%1 t ,i am unwill+ to d m ?an ref] y back to pages #ddc1 -#d1 -#e1 :]e a few words h be5 already (f]$ 9 reply4 ,p]mit me1 h[ev]1 to submit to y\r consid]ation1 z a set-(f aga9/ ^? two copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les :i* read 1--! foll[+ two-hundr$ & fifty-two copies :i* read 47#ajih7 ,to speak ) p]fect accuracy1--#d ( ^! 7#beb7 exhibit 27#ajii7--a1 27#aajj7--;& #bdg1 absolutely4 ,! numb]s foll[3-- #a4 #b4 #c4 #d4 #e4 #f4 #g4 #i4 #aj4 #aa4 #ab4 #ac4 #ad4 #af4 #ah4 #ai4 #bj4 #ba4 #bb4 #bc4 #bd4 #be4 #bf4 #bg4 #bh4 #bi4 #cj4 #ca4 #cb4 #cc4 #cd4 #ce4 #cf4 #cg4 #ch4 #ci4 #dj4 #da4 #dc4 #dd4 #de4 #df4 #dg4 #dh4 #di4 #eb4 #ee4 #ef4 #eg4 #ei4 #fb4 #fc4 #fe4 #fg4 #fh4 #fi4 #gj4 #ga4 #gb4 #gd4 #ge4 #gg4 #gh4 #gi4 #hj4 #ha4 #hc4 #hd4 #he4 #hf4 #hg4 #hh4 #ij4 #ia4 #ib4 #ic4 #id4 #ie4 #if4 #ig4 #ih4 #ii4 #ajj4 #aja4 #ajb4 #ajc4 #ajd4 #aje4 #ajf4 #ajg4 #ajh4 #aji4 #aaj4 #aaa4 #aab4 #aac4 #aad4 #aae4 #aaf4 #aag4 #abj4 #aba4 #abb4 #abc4 #abe4 #abf4 #abh4 #abi4 #acj4 #aca4 #acb4 #acc4 #acd4 #ace4 #acf4 #acg4 #ach4 #aci4 #adj4 #ada4 #adb4 #adc4 #add4 #ade4 #adi4 #aej4 #aea4 #aec4 #aed4 #aee4 #aef4 #aeg4 #aeh4 #aei4 #afd4 #afe4 #aff4 #afg4 #afh4 #afi4 #agj4 #aga4 #agc4 #agd4 #age4 #agf4 #agg4 #agh4 #agi4 #ahj4 #ahb4 #ahc4 #ahd4 #ahe4 #ahf4 #ahh4 #ahi4 #aij4 #aib4 #aic4 #aid4 #aie4 #aif4 #aig4 #aih4 #aii4 #bjj4 #bja4 #bjc4 #bjd4 #bje4 #bjf4 #bjg4 #bjh4 #baa4 #bab4 #bac4 #bae4 #baf4 #bag4 #bah47aaja7 #bai4 #bbj4 #bba4 #bbb4 #bbc4 #bbd4 #bbf4 #bbg4 #bbh4 #bbi4 #bcj4 #bca4 #bcb4 #bcc4 #bcd4 #bce4 #bcf4 #bcg4 #bch4 #bci4 #bdj4 #bda4 #bdb4 #bdc4 #bdd4 #bde4 #bdf4 #bdg4 #bdi4 #bej4 #bea4 #beb4 #bec4 #bee4 #bef4 #beg4 #beh4 #bfj4 #bfb4 #bfd4 #bfe4 #bff4 #bfg4 #bfh4 #bfi4 #bgj4 #bgb4 #bgc4 #bgd4 #bgf4 #bgg4 #bgh4 #bgi4 #bhj4 #bha4 #bhb47aajb7 #bhc4 #bhe4 #bhh4 #bhi4 #bij4 #bia4 #bib4 #bid4 #bie4 #bif4 #big4 #bih4 #bii4 #cjj4 #cja4 ,behold !n ! provision :i* ,,! ,,au?or ( ,scripture has made = ! effectual cons]vation 9 its integrity ( ?is portion ( ,8 writt5 ,^w6 ,upw>ds ( eighte5 hundr$ ye>s h run _! c\rse s9ce ! ,,holy ,,gho/ by ,8 s]vant1 ,paul1 rehe>s$ ! 8my/]y ( ,godl9ess20 decl>+ ?is to be ! great f\ndation-fact1--namely1 t 8,,god ,,0 ,,manife/$ ,,9 ,,! ,,fle%40 ,& lo1 out ( two hundr$ & fifty-f\r copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les no less ?an two hundr$ & fifty-two are discov]$ to h pres]v$ t expression4 ,su* 8,cons5t0 am\nts to ,unanimity2 &1 7z ,i expla9$ at pp4 #ded-e17 unanimity 9 ?is subject-matt]1 is conclusive4 ,! copies ( :i* we speak1 7y are reque/$ to obs]ve17 7 produc$ 9 e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom1--be+ d]iv$ 9 e in/ance f copies old] ?an !mselves2 :i* aga9 7 transcripts ( copies old] /ill4 ,!y h s9ce f\nd _! way1 )\t design or contrivance1 into ! libr>ies ( e c\ntry ( ,europe1--:]e1 = hundr$s ( ye>s !y h be5 jeal\sly gu>d$4 ,&1--7,i repeat ! "q already haz>d$ at pp4 #dde-f1 & n[ respectfully propose x to y1 my "l ,bi%op2 reque/+ y at y\r conv5i5ce to fav\r me publicly ) an answ]27--,= :at conceivable reason c ?is multitude ( witnesses be suppos$ to h ent]$ into a wick$ conspiracy to deceive mank9d8 ,true1 t no miracle has gu>d$ ! sacr$ ,text 9 ?is1 or 9 any o!r place4 ,on ! o!r h&1 = ! la/ #aej ye>s1 ,unbelief has be5 c>p+ resolutely at ?is gr& proclamation ( ! ,div9ity ( ,,*ri/1--9 ord] to prove t n ?is1 b "s o!r ?+1 x mu/ h be51 :i* ! ,apo/le wrote4 ,& yet 7z ,i h fully %[n7 ! result ( all ! evid5ce procurable is to e/abli% t ! ,apo/le mu/ be held to h writt5 no o!r ?+ b ?is4 ,to ! ov]:elm+ evid5ce ?us furni%$ by #beb out ( #bed cursive ,copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1--is to be add$ ! evid5ce suppli$ by ! ,lection>ies4 ,x has be5 already expla9$ 7viz4 at pp4 #dgg-h7 t out ( #cb copies ( ! 8,apo/olus10 #bi concur 9 witness+ to 4 ,i h j 7,may #g?7 he>d ( ano!r 9 ! ,vatican47#aajc7 ,to ^! #cj1 %\ld be add$ ! #c ,liturgical codices ref]r$ to at pp4 #ddh & #dgd1 note #a4 ,n[ ?is is emphatically ! voice ( anci5t ,ecclesia/ical ,tradition4 ,! num]ical result ( our entire enquiry1 proves !re=e to be briefly ?is3-- 7,i47 ,9 #a ,,timo?y iii4 #af1 ! read+ 1 is witness$ to by #bhi ,,manuscripts37#aajd7--;by #c ,,v]sions37#aaje7--;by upw>ds ( #bj ,greek ,,fa!rs47#aajf7 7,,ii7 ,! read+ 79 place ( 7 is support$ by a s+le ,,ms4 7,d73--by #e anci5t ,,v]sions37#aajg7--;by #b late ,greek ,,fa!rs47#aajh7 7,,iii47 ,! read+ 7also 9 place ( 7 is c\nt5anc$ by #f ,,manuscripts 9 all 71 ,paul #ag1 #gc3 ,apo/4 #ab1 #he1 #hf73--;by only "o ,,v]sion = c]ta9 7viz4 ! ,go?ic7#aaji773--n = c]ta9 by a s+le ,greek ,,fa!r47#aaaj7 ,i w n repeat ! rem>ks ,i made be=e on a g5]al survey ( ! evid5ce 9 fav\r ( 3 b ,i mu/ reque/ y to ref] back to ^? rem>ks1 n[ t we h rea*$ ! end ( ! entire discussion4 ,!y ext5d f ! middle ( p4 #dhc to ! bottom ( p4 #dhe4 ,! unhappy ,logic :i*1 on a survey ( :at goes be=e1 c fir/ p]suade itself1 & !n seek to p]suade o!rs1 t is a 8pla9 & cle> error20 & t !re is 8decid$ly prepond]at+ evid5ce10 9 fav\r ( read+ 9 #a ,timo?y iii4 #af2--mu/ ne$s be ( a sort ) :i* ,i nei!r h1 nor desire to h1 any acqua9tance4 ,i comm5d ! case betwe5 y & myself to ! judgm5t ( ,mank9d2 & tru/ y are able to await ! common v]dict ) ! same s]5e confid5ce z ,i am4 ,w y excuse me if ,i v5ture1 9 ! homely v]nacul>1 to assure y t 9 y\r pres5t cont5tion y 8h n a leg to /& ^u08 8,moreov]0 7to quote f y\r own pamphlet p4 #gf17 8?is case is ( great importance z an example40 ,y made delib]ate *oice ( x 9 ord] to convict me ( error4 ,i h accept$ y\r *all5ge1 y see4 ,let ! pres5t1 by all means1 be reg>d$ by ! public z a trial-place1--a te/ ( our respective me?ods1 y\rs & m9e4 ,i *e]fully abide ! issue1 7p7 ,,int]nal ,,evid5ce = read+ 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 absolutely ov]:elm+4 ,9 all t prec$es1 ,i h ab/a9$ f plead+ ! probabilities ( ! case2 & = a suffici5t reason4 ,m5's notions ( :at is 8probable0 are obs]v$ to diff] s s]i\sly4 8,facile intelligitur0 7says ,wet/e97 8lectiones et esse int]pretam5ta pronom9is 3 s$ nec nec posse esse int]pretam5tum vocis 40 ,n[1 ,i %\ld h ?\ght t ! exact rev]se is z cle> z ! day4 ,:at m obvi\s ?an t 1 by exhibit+ indi/9ctly ei!r ( its delicate horizontal /rokes1 7& !y 7 (t5 s trac$ z to be sc>cely disc]nible17#aaaa77 w\ld become mi/ak5 = 8 ,:at m natural aga9 ?an t ! mascul9e relative %\ld be =c$ into agreem5t ) its neut] antec$5t8 ,:y1 ! ?+ has actually happ5$ at ,coloss4 i4 #bg2 :]e has be5 alt]$ into 1 only because is ! antec$5t4 ,b waiv+ ?is1 ! int]nal evid5ce 9 fav\r ( mu/ surely be admitt$ to be ov]:elm+1 by all save "o det]m9$ t ! read+ %all be or 4 ,i tru/ we are at lea/ agre$ t ! maxim 8proclivi lectioni pr/at ardua10 does n enunciate s fooli% a proposition z t 9 *oos+ betwe5 two or m conflict+ read+s1 we are to pref] t "o :i* has ! feeble/ ext]nal atte/ation1--provid$ x be b 9 itself almo/ un9telligible8 ,& yet1 9 ! pres5t in/ance1--,h[ 7give me leave to ask7 w y translate8 ,to ^? :o acquiesce 9 ! notion t ! means our ,,savi\r ,,*ri/ ,himself1 7consid] ,coloss4 i4 #bg17 x is obvi\s to translate 8:o30 yet h[ h>%1 or r h[ intol]able is ?is6 ,i %\ld h ?\ght t !re c\ld be no real d\bt t 8! my/]y0 "h spok5 ( mu/ ne$s be t complex exhibition ( ,div9e condesc5sion :i* ! ,apo/le proce$s to rehe>se 9 outl9e3 & ( :i* ! ess5ce is t x 0 v & et]nal ,,god :o 0 ! subject ( ! transaction4 ,^? :o see ?is1 & yet adopt ! read+ 1 are oblig$ to ref] x to ! remote antec$5t 4 ,y d n advocate ?is view3 nei!r d ,i4 ,= reasons ( _! own1 ,al=d7#aaab7 & ,lightfoot7#aaac7 bo? translate 8:o40 ,tregelles 7:o always %[s to lea/ advantage :5 a po9t ( ta/e or s*ol>%ip is "u discussion7 proposes to r5d]3-- 8,he :o 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 7he :o7 0 ju/ifi$ 9 ! _s1 7he :o7 0 se5 by angels1 7he :o7 0 prea*$ among ,g5tiles1 7he :o7 0 believ$ on 9 ! _w1 7he :o7 0 receiv$ up 9 glory407#aaad7 ,i "q if 8 motion w f9d a second]4 ,y y\rself lay x d[n magi/]ially t 8is n emphatic 7#8,he :o1' c473 nor1 by a con/ructio ad s5sum1 is x ! relative to 2 b is a relative to an omitt$ ?\gh easily recogniz$ antec$5t1 viz4 ,,*ri/40 ,y add t x is n improbable 8t ! words are quot$ f "s kn[n hymn1 or probably f "s famili> ,confession ( ,fai?40 ,accord+ly1 9 y\r ,comm5t>y y v5ture to exhibit ! words )9 inv]t$ commas z a quotation3--8,& confess$ly great is ! my/]y ( godl9ess3 #8:o 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! _s1' 0 c417#aaae7--;= :i* y are )\t w>rant ( any k9d1 & :i* y h no "r to d4 ,we/cott & ,hort 7! 8*>t]$ lib]t9es07 are ev5 m lic5ti\s4 ,act+ on _! own sugge/ion t ^! clauses are 8a quotation f an e>ly ,*ri/ian hymn10 !y proce$ to pr9t ! conclusion ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af /i*ometrically1 z if x 7 a six-l9e /anza4 ,?is not)/&+1 ! ,revis+ body h adopt$ 8,he :o10 z ! r5d]+ ( 2 a mi/ak5 r5d]+ z x seems to me1 & 7,i am glad to le>n7 to y\rself also4 ,_! translation is q a curiosity 9 its way4 ,i proce$ to transcribe x3-- 8,he :o 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! _s1 se5 ( angels1 prea*$ among ! nations1 believ$ on 9 ! _w1 receiv$ up 9 glory40 ,b ?is does n ev5 pret5d to be a s5t5ce3 nor d ,i und]/& :at ! propos$ con/ruction is4 ,any arrangem5t :i* results 9 mak+ ! six clauses la/ quot$ "p ( ! subject1 & 8great0 ! pr$icate ( "o long proposition1--is unwor?y4--,b5tley's wild rem$y te/ifies f> m eloqu5tly to 8 di/ress ?an to 8 aptitude = revis+ ! text ( ,scripture4 ,he sugge/s1--8,,*ri/ 0 put to dea? 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! _s1 444 se5 by ,apo/les407#aaaf7--8;,accord+ to ! anci5t view10 7says ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,s4 ,gre517 8! s5se w\ld be3 #8& confess$ly great is ! my/]y ( godl9ess 9 ! p]son ( him1 :o my/]y not)/&+ 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 c4' 07#aaag7444 ,b1 ) submission1 8! anci5t view0 0 n ?is4 ,! ,lat9s1--calamit\sly %ut up )9 ! limits ( _! 8pietatis sacram5tum1 quod10--are f\nd to h habitually brok5 away f t iron bondage1 & to h disc\rs$ ( our ,,savi\r ,,*ri/1 z be+ ,himself ! 8sacram5tum0 spok5 (4 ,! 8sacram5tum10 9 _! view1 0 ! inc>nate ,,^w47#aaah7--,n s ! ,greek ,fa!rs4 ,^! all1 )\t exception1 und]/ood ,s4 ,paul to say1--:at ,ecclesia/ical ,tradition ha? all d[n ! ages fai?fully atte/$1 & :at to ?is h\r ! copies ( 8 ,epi/les prove t he actually wrote1--viz4 8,& confess$ly great is ! my/]y ( godl9ess3--,,god 0 manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 ju/ifi$ 9 ! _s10 & s on4 ,moreov] ?is is ! view ( ! matt] 9 :i* all ! le>n+ & all ! piety ( ! ,engli% ,*ur* has ?ankfully acquiesc$ = ! la/ #cej ye>s4 ,x has comm5d$ itself to ,&rewes & ,pe>son1 ,bull & ,hammond1 ,hall & ,/ill+fleet1 ,us%] & ,bev]idge1 ,mill & ,b5gel1 ,wat]l& & ,b]riman4 ,! enum]ation ( names is easily br\ght d[n to our own times4 ,dr4 ,h5d]son1 7! le>n$ non-con=mi/ comm5tator17 9 #ahcj publi%$ a volume ) ! foll[+ title3-- 8,! great my/]y ( godl9ess incontrov]tible3 or1 ,sir ,isaac ,newton & ! ,soc9ians foil$ 9 ! attempt to prove a corruption 9 ! text #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3 conta9+ a review ( ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ ! passage2 an exam9ation ( ! v>i\s read+s2 & a confirmation ( t 9 ! receiv$ text on pr9ciples ( g5]al & biblical criticism40 ,&1--to turn "o's eyes 9 q a diff]5t direction1--8,v]untam510 wrote v5]able ,presid5t ,r\?1 at ! end ( a life-long critical /udy ( ,holy ,writ1--7& 8 days 7 prolong$ till he rea*$ 8 hundr$? ye>17-- 8,v]untam51 quidquid ex sacri texts hi/oria1 illud v]o haud c]tum1 critici colleg]unt1 me tam5 int]na cogunt argum5ta prf]re lectionem 1 quem quidem agnoscunt vet]es int]pretes1 ,!odoretus ct]ique1 duabus alt]is et 407#aaai7 ,& "h ,i br+ my ,,diss]tation on #a ,,tim4 iii4 #af to a close4 ,x began at p4 #dbd1 & ,i little ?\ght w\ld ext5d to sev5ty-six pages4 ,let x be cle>ly und]/ood t ,i re/ my cont5tion n at all on ,int]nal1 b entirely on ,ext]nal ,evid5ce2 al?\gh1 to ! be/ ( my judgm5t1 !y are alike conclusive z to ! matt] 9 debate4--,hav+ n[ incontrov]tibly1 z ,i believe1 e/abli%$ z ! be/ atte/$ ,read+ ( ! place1--,i %all conclude ! pres5t ,,lett] z spe$ily z ,i c4 7#a7 8,composition ( ! ,body :i* is responsible = ! #8,new ,greek ,text4' 0 ,!re rema9s1 ,i believe1 b "o head ( disc\rse into :i* ,i h n yet foll[$ y4 ,i allude to y\r 8few words ab\t ! composition ( ! body :i* is responsible = ! #8,new ,greek ,text1' 07#aabj7--:i* ext5d f ! latt] "p ( p4 #bi to ! beg9n+ ( p4 #cb ( y\r pamphlet4 8,among ! sixte5 mo/ regul> att5dants at y\r meet+s10 7y say7 87 to be f\nd mo/ ( ^? p]sons :o 7 presumably be/ acqua9t$ ) ! subject ( ,textual ,criticism407#aaba7 ,& ) ?is ins9uation t y _h 8all ! tal5ts0 ) y1 y seek to put me d[n4 ,b 7z y truly say7 8! numb] ( liv+ ,s*ol>s 9 ,engl& :o h connect$ _! names ) ! /udy ( ! ,textual ,criticism ( ! ,new ,te/am5t is exce$+ly small407#aabb7 ,&1 8( t exce$+ly small numb]10 y w\ld be puzzl$ to "n s mu* z "o1 besides ! ?ree y proce$ to specify 7viz4 ,dr4 ,scriv5]1 ,dr4 ,we/cott1 & ,dr4 ,hort17--:o 7 memb]s ( ! ,revision company4 ,on ! o!r h&1--7to quote ! words ( ! mo/ le>n$ ( our liv+ ,prelates17--8x is well kn[n t !re are two opposite ,s*ools ( ,biblical ,criticism among u1 ) v diff]5t op9ions z to ! comp>ative value ( our ,manuscripts ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t407#aabc7 ,& 9 pro( ( 8 /atem5t1 ! ,bi%op ( ,l9coln cites 8on ! "o side0--,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort2 8& on ! o!r0--,dr4 ,scriv5]4 ,n[1 let ! acc\nt be read :i* ,dr4 ,new? gives 7& :i* y admit to be correct7 ( ! extraord9>y me?od by :i* ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 0 8settl$107#aabd7 8= ! mo/ "p at ! ,fir/ ,revision107#aabe7--;& x becomes pla9 t x 0 n by any means ! product ( ! indep5d5tly-=m$ op9ions ( #af exp]ts1 7z y\r words imply72 b result$ f ! aptitude ( #ac ( y\r body to be guid$ by ! sob] c\nsels ( ,dr4 ,scriv5] on ! "o h&1 or to be c>ri$ away by ! eag] advocacy ( ,dr4 ,hort1 7support$ z he ev] 0 by 8 respect$ colleague ,dr4 ,we/cott17 on ! o!r4 ,z ,canon ,cook well puts x1--8,! "q really is1 ,7 ! memb]s compet5t to =m a correct judgm5t807#aabf7 8,9 mo/ cases10 8a simple majority07#aabg7 det]m9$ :at ! text %\ld be4 ,b pond]>i deb5t te/es1 my "l ,bi%op1 non num]>i47#aabh7 ,! vote ( ! jo9t ,editors %\ld h be5 reckon$ practically z only "o vote4 ,& :5ev] ,dr4 ,scriv5] & !y 7 irreconcilably oppos$1 ! exi/+ ,traditional ,text ought to h be5 let alone4 ,all pret5ce t x 0 pla9ly & cle>ly errone\s 0 remov$1 :5 ! only exp]ts pres5t 7 hopelessly divid$ 9 op9ion4 ,z = ! re/ ( ! ,revis+ ,body1 inasmu* z !y extemporiz$ _! op9ions1 !y 7 sc>cely qualifi$ to vote at all4 ,c]ta9ly !y 7 n entitl$ individually to an equal voice ) ,dr4 ,scriv5] 9 det]m9+ :at ! text %\ld be4 ,caprice or ,prejudice1 9 %ort1 x 01 n ,delib]ation & ,le>n+1 :i* prevail$ 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,a m unsci5tific1--to speak truly1 a co>s] & a clumsi] way ( manipulat+ ! sacr$ ,deposit1 ?an t :i* y y\rself inv5t$1 x w\ld be impossible1 9 my judgm5t1 to devise4 7#b7 ,an ,unit>ian ,revisioni/ intol]able4--,! ,we/m9/]-,abbey ,sc&al4 ,b ?is is n ne>ly all4 ,y invite att5tion to ! con/itu5t elem5ts ( ! ,revis+ body1 & congratulate y\rself on its miscellane\s "* z provid+ a gu>antee t x has be5 imp>tial4 ,i frankly av[1 my "l ,bi%op1 t ! *all5ge y ?us delib]ately (f]1 surprises me greatly4 ,to h obs]v$ sev]e sil5ce on ?is "p ( ! subject1 w\ld h seem$ to me y\r discreet] c\rse4 ,moreov]1 _h y n1 9 ?is m>k$ way1 invit$ att5tion to ! compon5t elem5ts ( ! ,revis+ body1 ,i 0 prep>$ to give ! subject ! g-by4 ,! 8,new ,greek ,text10 no less ?an ! 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion10 mu/ /& or fall on its own m]its2 & ,i h no wi% to prejudice ! discussion by import+ into x =eign elem5ts4 ,( ?is1 y h _h "s pro( already2 =1 7) ! exception ( :at is (f]$ above1 9 pages #f & #g17 ! subject has be51 by y\r pres5t correspond5t1 n[h]e br\ght prom95tly =w>d4 ,f> be x f me1 h[ev]1 to decl9e ! enquiry :i* y evid5tly c\rt4 ,& s1 ,i c&idly av[ t x 0 9 my acc\nt a s]i\s brea* ( ,*ur* ord] t1 on engag+ 9 s solemn an und]tak+ z ! ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 a body ( ,div9es pr(ess+ to act "u ! au?ority ( ! ,s\!rn ,convocation %\ld spontane\sly associate ) !mselves ,m9i/]s ( v>i\s d5om9ations17#aabi7--;,bapti/s1 ,congregationali/s1 ,wesleyan ,me?odi/s1 ,indep5d5ts1 & ! l3 & especially t a successor ( ! ,apo/les %\ld h presid$ ov] ! delib]ations ( ?is assemblage ( ,sep>ati/s4 ,9 my humble judgm5t1 we %all 9 va9 tea* ! s9fulness ( ,s*ism1 if we %[ ourselves practically indiff]5t on ! subject1 & ev5 set an example ( irregul>ity to our flocks4 ,my ,div9ity may appe> unaccommodat+ & old-fa%ion$3 b ,i am n prep>$ to unle>n ! lessons long s9ce got by he>t 9 ! s*ool ( ,&rewes & ,hook]1 ( ,pe>son & ,bull1 ( ,hammond & ,s&]son1 ( ,bev]idge & ,bramhall4 ,i am mu* mi/ak51 moreov]1 if ,i may n claim ! au?ority ( a great] doctor ?an any ( ^!1--,i mean ,s4 ,paul1--= ! fix$ views ,i ent]ta9 on ?is head4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 is z no?+ 9 comp>ison ( ! sc&al occasion$ by ! co-optation into y\r body ( ,dr4 ,g4 ,vance ,smi?1 ! ,unit>ian ,m9i/] ( ,s4 ,savi\r's ,gate ,*apel1 ,york4 ,t1 :ile engag$ 9 ! "w ( int]pret+ ! ev]la/+ ,gospel1 y %\ld h kn[+ly & by *oice associat$ ) y\rselves "o :o1 n only op5ly d5ies ! et]nal ,godhead ( our ,,"l1 b 9 a rec5t publication is ! av[$ assailant ( t fundam5tal doctr9e ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion1 z well z ( ! ,inspiration ( ,holy ,scripture itself17#aacj7--;fill$ me 7& _m besides myself7 ) a/oni%m5t & sorr[4 ,y 7 respectfully memorializ$ on ! subject27#aaca7 b y treat$ ! repres5tations :i* rea*$ y ) scornful indiff]5ce4 ,n[ !re=e t y re-op5 ! "q1 ,i w n scruple publicly to repeat t x seems to me no?+ else b an insult to our ,div9e ,ma/] & a wrong to ! ,*ur*1 t ! mo/ preci\s "p ( our common ,*ri/ian h]itage1 ! pure ,^w ( ,,god1 %\ld day by day1 week by week1 mon? by mon?1 ye> aft] ye>1 h be5 ?us h&l$2 = ! av[$ purpose ( produc+ a ,translation :i* %\ld sup]s$e our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,t ! individual 9 "q contribut$ aught to y\r delib]ations has nev] be5 pret5d$4 ,on ! contr>y4 ,no secret has be5 made ( ! fact t he 01 7z might h be5 anticipat$ f 8 publi%$ writ+s17 ! mo/ unpr(itable memb] ( ! ,revis+ body4 ,:y !n 0 he at fir/ surreptiti\sly elect$8 & :y 0 8 election aft]w>ds /iffly ma9ta9$8 ,! "o purpose a*iev$ by 8 cont9u$ pres5ce among y 0 t x might be !reby made to appe> t ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& no long] insi/s on ,belief 9 ! et]nal ,godhead ( our ,,"l1 z ess5tial2 b is prep>$ to surr5d] h] claim to def9ite & unequivocal dogmatic tea*+ 9 respect ( ,fai? 9 ! ,bless$ ,,tr9ity4 ,b ev5 if ?is ,unit>ian _h be5 an em95t ,s*ol>1 my objection w\ld rema9 9 full =ce2 = ,i hold1 7& surely s d y671 t ! "r ,int]pretation ( ,,god',s ,^w may n be atta9$ )\t ! guidance ( ! ,,holy ,,_s1 ^: aid mu/ fir/ be invok$ by fai?ful pray]4 ,9 ! meantime1 ?is same p]son 0 invit$ to communicate ) 8 fell[-,revis]s 9 ,we/m9/]-,abbey1 & did accord+ly1 on ! #bbnd ( ,june1 #ahgj1 receive ! ,holy ,communion1 9 ,h5ry ,,vii4's ,*apel1 at ! h&s ( ,dean ,/anley3 decl>+1 next day1 t he receiv$ ! ,sacram5t on ?is occasion )\t 8jo9+ 9 recit+ ! ,nic5e ,cre$0 & )\t 8compromise0 7z he express$ x17 ( 8 pr9ciples z an 8,unit>ian407#aacb7 ,s conspicu\s a sacrilege l$ to a public ,prote/ sign$ by "s ?\s&s ( ! ,cl]gy47#aacc7 ,x also result$1 9 ! next ensu+ ,session ( ,convocation1 9 a ,resolution :]eby ! ,upp] ,h\se cle>$ itself ( complicity 9 ! sc&al47#aacd7444 ,h[ a good man l y c revive ! memory ( ^! _m pa9ful incid5ts )\t angui%1 is to me un9telligible4 ,t no bless+ f ,him1 8s9e ,quo nihil validum1 nihil sanctum10 c\ld be expect$ to att5d an und]tak+ comm5c$ "u su* auspices1--0 b too pla94 ,! ,revision 0 a =$oom$ ?+--9 ! acc\nt ( _m besides myself--f ! outset4 7#c7 ,! probable ,future ( ! ,revision ( #ahha4 ,n unaw>e am ,i t x has nev]!less be5 once & aga9 confid5tly pr$ict$ 9 public ,addresses1 ,lectures1 ,pamphlets1 t ultimate success is 9 /ore = ! ,revision ( #ahha4 ,i _c b reg>d x z a suspici\s circum/ance t ^! vatic9ations h hi!rto inv>iably proce$$ f memb]s ( ! ,revis+ body4 ,x w\ld ill become su* an "o z myself to pret5d to skill 9 =eca/+ ! future4 ,b ( ?is at lea/ ,i feel c]ta93--t if1 9 an evil h\r1 7quod absit671 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& %all ev] be induc$ to commit h]self to ! adoption ( ! pres5t ,revision1 %e w by s do+ expose h]self to ! ridicule ( ! re/ ( ,*ri/5dom1 z well z incur irrep>able h>m & loss4 ,& su* a proce$+ on h] "p w be inexcusable1 = %e has be5 at lea/ fai?fully =ew>n$4 ,moreov]1 9 ! end1 %e w mo/ c]ta9ly h to retrace h] /eps ) sorr[ & confusion4 ,^? p]sons evid5tly ov]look ! facts ( ! problem1 :o ref] to :at happ5$ 9 ! case ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion :5 x orig9ally appe>$1 "s #bgj ye>s ago2 & argue t z ! ,revision ( #afaa at fir/ enc\nt]$ opposition1 :i* yet x ultimately ov]came1 s mu/ x f>e 9 ! end ) ! pres5t ,revis$ ,v]sion also4 ,^? :o s reason =get t ! cases are ess5tially dissimil>4 ,if ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( #afaa & ! ,revision ( #ahha 7 only ?is4--,t ! latt] is *>act]iz$ by a me*anical1 unidiomatic1 & ev5 repulsive me?od ( r5d]+2 :i* 0 n only unattempt$1 b repudiat$ by ! ,au?ors ( ! e>li] "w2--!re w\ld h be5 some?+ to urge on behalf ( ! lat] p]=mance4 ,! plea ( zeal = ,,god',s ,^w1--a det]m9ation at all haz>ds to repres5t ) ev5 s]vile precision ! ipsissima v]ba ( ,evangeli/s & ,apo/les1--?is plea might h be5 plausibly put =w>d3 &1 to "s ext5t1 x mu/ h be5 all[$1--al?\gh a grave div]sity ( op9ion might reasonably h be5 ent]ta9$ z to :at con/itutes 8accuracy0 & 8fidelity0 ( translation4 ,b :5 once x has be5 made pla9 t ! und]ly+ ,greek ( ! ,revision ( #ahha is an entirely new ?+1--is a manufactur$ article ?r\gh\t1--all mu/ see t ! cont5tion has entirely *ang$ its "*4 ,! "q imm$iately arises1 7& x is ! only "q :i* rema9s to be ask$17--,7 !n ! ,au?ors ( ?is 8,new ,greek ,text0 compet5t to und]take s p]il\s an ent]prise8 ,& :51 9 ! words ( ! di/+ui%$ ,*airman ( ! ,revis+ body--7words quot$ above1 at page #cfi17--8,to ?is "q1 we v5ture to answ] v unhesitat+ly 9 ! negative10--,:at rema9s b1 ) blank a/oni%m5t1 n unm+l$ ) disgu/1 to close ! volume8 ,y\r own +5u\s admission1--7volunte]$ by y\rself a few days be=e y & y\r allies 8proce$$ to ! actual details ( ! ,revision107--t 8we h c]ta9ly n acquir$ suffici5t ,critical ,judgm5t = any body ( ,revis]s hopefully to und]take su* a "w z ?is10--is decisive on ! subject4 ,! gravity ( ! issue ?us rais$1 x is impossible to ov]-e/imate4 ,we f9d ourselves at once & entirely lift$ out ( ! region orig9ally propos$ = inve/igation4 ,x is no long] a "q ( ! degree ( skill :i* has be5 exhibit$ 9 translat+ ! title-de$s ( our heav5ly inh]itance out ( ,greek into ,engli%4 ,^? title-de$s !mselves h be5 empirically submitt$ to a process :i*1 rightly or wrongly1 s]i\sly affects _! integrity4 ,n only has a fr+e ( mo/ unreasonable textual mi/ru/ be5 tack$ on to ! m>g9 ( e inspir$ page1 7z f ,s4 ,luke x4 #da to xi4 #aa73--n only has _m a gr& doctr9al /atem5t be5 evacuat$ ( its au?ority1 7z1 by ! %ameful mis-/atem5t f\nd 9 ! m>g9 aga9/ ,s4 ,john iii4 #ac17aace7 & ! vile ,soc9ian gloss :i* disfigures ! m>g9 ( ,rom4 ix4 #e7aacf773--;b we entirely miss _m a solemn utt]ance ( ! ,,_s1--z :5 we are assur$ t v]ses #dd & #df ( ,s4 ,m>k ix4 are omitt$ by 8! be/ anci5t au?orities10 7:]eas1 on ! contr>y1 ! ,,mss4 ref]r$ to are ! wor/74 ,let ! ?+ compla9$ ( be illu/rat$ by a few actual examples4 ,only five %all be subjo9$4 ,! words 9 ! fir/ column repres5t :at y are pleas$ to designate z among 8! mo/ c]ta9 conclusions ( mod]n ,textual ,criticism0 7p4 #gh71--;b :at ,i ass]t to be no?+ else b mutilat$ exhibitions ( ! inspir$ ,text4 ,! second column conta9s ! indubitable ,tru? ( ,scripture1--! words :i* h be5 read by our ,fa!rs' ,fa!rs = ! la/ #ejj ye>s1 & :i* we propose1 7,,god help+ u17 to h& on unimpair$ to our ,*ildr51 & to our ,*ildr5's ,*ildr51 = _m a c5tury to come3-- ,,revis$ 7#ahha74 ,,au?oriz$ 7#afaa74 8,& come1 foll[ me40 8,& come1 take up ! cross & foll[ me407#aacg7 8,& !y bl9dfold$ 8,& :5 !y _h him1 & ask$ him1 bl9dfold$ him1 !y say+1 ,prophesy40 /ruck him on ! face1 & ask$ him1 say+1 ,prophesy407#aach7 8,& !re 0 also a 8,& a sup]scription sup]scription ov] him1 also 0 writt5 ov] ,?is is ! ,k+ ( ! him 9 lett]s ( ,greek1 ,jews40 & ,lat91 & ,hebrew1 ,?is is ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews407#aaci7 8,& !y gave him a 8,& !y gave him a piece ( a broil$ fi%40 piece ( a broil$ fi%1 & ( an honeycomb407#aadj7 ,b ! next 7,s4 ,luke ix4 #ed-f17 is a f> m s]i\s loss3-- 8 #8,"l1 wilt ?\ t 8 #8,"l1 wilt ?\ t we bid fire to come d[n we comm& fire to come f heav51 & consume d[n f heav51 & !m8' ,b he turn$ & consume !m1 ev5 z rebuk$ !m4 ,& !y ,elias did8' ,b he w5t to ano!r village40 turn$ & rebuk$ !m1 & said1 #8,ye "k n :at mann] ( _s ye are (4 ,= ! ,son ( man is n come to de/roy m5's lives1 b to save !m'4 ,& !y w5t to ano!r village40 ,! unle>n$ read] sees at a glance t ! only diff]5ce ( ,translation "h is ! sub/itution ( 8bid0 = 8comm&40--:i* by ! way1 is n only uncall$ =1 b is a *ange = ! worse47#aada7 ,on ! o!r h&1 h[ griev\s an injury has be5 done by ! mutilation ( ! bless$ record 9 respect ( ^? 7#c #e #g #d #bd 7 =ty-?ree 79 ,engli% fifty-sev57 und\bt$ly inspir$ z well z mo/ preci\s words1--ev5 8ord9>y ,read]s0 are compet5t to disc]n4 ,i am say+ t ! sy/ematic1 & sometimes s]i\s1--always inexcusable1--lib]ties :i* h be5 tak5 ) ! ,greek ,text by ! ,revisioni/s ( #ahha1 con/itute a gr\nd ( (f5ce aga9/ _! "w = :i* no pretext 0 af=d$ by ! ,revision ( #afaa4 ,to argue !re=e f :at has be5 ! fate ( ! "o1 to :at is likely to be ! fate ( ! o!r1 is illogical4 ,! cases are n only n p>allel3 !y are ev5 :olly dissimil>4 ,! *eape/ copies ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion at lea/ exhibit ! ,^w ( ,,god fai?fully & helpfully4 ,c\ld ! same be said ( a *eap edition ( ! "w ( ! ,revisioni/s1--de/itute ( head+s to ! ,*apt]s1 & conta9+ no record ( ! ext5t to :i* ! ,sacr$ ,text has und]gone depravation ?r\gh\t8 ,let x be fur!r recollect$ t ! greate/ ,s*ol>s & ! mo/ le>n$ ,div9es ( :i* our ,*ur* c\ld boa/1 conduct$ ! "w ( ,revision 9 ,k+ ,james' days2 & x w be ackn[l$g$ t ! promiscu\s assemblage :i* met 9 ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] _c urge any correspond+ claim on public att5tion4 ,!n1 ! ,bi%ops ( ,l9coln ( #afaa 7 ,revis]s3 ! ,vance ,smi?s /ood )\t & f\nd fault4 ,b 9 ! affair ( #ahha1 ,dr4 ,vance ,smi? revises1 & v5tilates h]esy f )937#aadb7 ! ,bp4 ( ,l9coln /&s outside1 & is "o ( ! sev]e/ ,critics ( ! "w4--,disappo9t$ m5 are said to h be5 conspicu\s among ! few assailants ( our 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10--,s*ol>s 7z ,hugh ,br\ghton7 :o consid]$ !mselves unju/ly ov]look$ & exclud$4 ,b on ! pres5t occasion1 among ! multitude ( ho/ile voices1 !re is n a s+le in/ance kn[n ( a man exclud$ f ! delib]ations ( ! ,j]usalem ,*amb]1 :o desir$ to %>e !m4 ,to argue !re=e conc]n+ ! prospects ( ! ,revision ( #ahha f ! kn[n hi/ory ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( #afaa1 is to argue conc]n+ ?+s ess5tially dissimil>4 ,) e advance made 9 ! k ( ! subject1 x may be confid5tly pr$ict$ t !re w spr+ up increas$ di/ru/ ( ! ,revision ( #ahha1 & an ev] increas+ av]sion f x4 7#d7 ,review ( ! entire subject1 & ( ! respective positions ( ,bp4 ,ellicott & myself4 ,"h ,i lay d[n my p51--glad to h complet$ :at 7because ,i h endeav\r$ to d my "w ?or\ghly7 has prov$ a v labori\s task inde$4 ,! pres5t rejo9d] to y\r ,pamphlet cov]s all ! gr\nd y h y\rself trav]s$1 & w be f\nd to h dispos$ ( y\r entire cont5tion4 ,i take leave to po9t out1 9 conclusion1 t x places y individually 9 a some:at emb>rass+ pr$icam5t4 ,= y h n[ no alt]native b to come =w>d & disprove my /atem5ts z well z refute my argum5ts3 or to admit1 by y\r sil5ce1 t y h su/a9$ defeat 9 ! cause ( :i* y con/itut$ y\rself ! *ampion4 ,y con/ra9$ me to r$uce y to ?is alt]native :5 y /ood =? on behalf ( ! ,revis+ body1 & saw fit to provoke me to a p]sonal enc\nt]4 ,b y mu/ come provid$ ) some?+ va/ly m =midable1 rememb]1 ?an d5unciations1--:i* are b w9d3 & vague g5]alities1--:i* prove no?+ & p]suade nobody3 & appeals to ! au?ority ( 8,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 & ,tregelles10--:i* ,i disall[ & disreg>d4 ,y mu/ produce a c\nt]-array ( well-asc]ta9$ facts2 & y mu/ build !reupon irrefragable argum5ts4 ,9 o!r words1 y mu/ conduct y\r cause ) le>n+ & ability4 ,else1 believe me1 y w make ! pa9ful discov]y t 8! la/ error is worse ?an ! fir/40 ,y _h bett] a ?\s& times1 ev5 n[1 +5u\sly admit t y made a griev\s mi/ake :5 y put y\rself into ! h&s ( ^? +5i\s !ori/s1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1 & embrac$ _! arbitr>y decrees1--?an p]sev]e 9 y\r pres5t d[nw>d c\rse1 only to s9k deep] & deep] 9 ! mire4 7#e7 ,anticipat$ effect ( ! pres5t cont5tion on ! ,text ( #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,i l to believe1 9 ! meantime1 t ?is passage ( arms has result$ 9 su* a v9dication7#aadc7 ( ! traditional ,read+ ( #a ,,timo?y iii4 #af1 z w effectually secure t fam\s place ( ,scripture aga9/ fur!r mole/ation4 ,faxit ,,deus6444 ,9 ! m>g9 ( ! ,revision ( #ahha1 ,i obs]ve t y h v5tur$ to /ate z foll[s1-- 8,! ^w ,,god1 9 place ( ,he :o1 re/s on no suffici5t anci5t evid5ce40 ,9 ! words ( y\r ,unit>ian ally1 ,dr4 ,vance ,smi?1-- 8,! old read+ is pron\nc$ unt5able by ! ,revis]s1 z x has long be5 kn[n to be by all c>eful /ud5ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4444 ,x is 9 tru? ano!r example ( ! facility ) :i* anci5t copi]s c\ld introduce ! ^w ,god into _! manuscripts1--a read+ :i* 0 ! natural result ( ! gr[+ t5d5cy 9 e>ly ,*ri/ian times 444 to look ^u ! humble ,tea*] z ! inc>nate ,^w1 & !re=e z #8,god manife/$ 9 ! fle%' 0 7p4 #ci74 ,su* rem>ks proce$+ f su* a qu>t] create no surprise4 ,b1 pray1 my "l ,bi%op1 ( :at 7 y ?9k+ :5 y p]mitt$ y\rself to make ! s]i\s mis-/atem5t :i* /&s 9 ! m>g98 ,y mu/ ne$s h meant !reby t1--8,! ^w ,he :o 9 place ( ,,god1 on ! contr>y1 does re/ on suffici5t anci5t evid5ce40 ,i solemnly call ^u y1 9 ! ,"n ( ,him by ^: ,_s ,holy ,scripture 0 giv51 to prove ! tru? ( y\r m>g9al ,note ( :i* ! =ego+ #gj pages are a refutation4--,y add1 8,"s anci5t au?orities read :i*40 ,b :y did y suppress ! fact1 :i* is und5iable1 viz43 t a great _m 8,m anci5t au?orities0 read 8:i*0 771 ?an read 8:o0 778 7#f7 ,! nature ( ?is cont5tion expla9$4 ,& yet1 x 0 no isolat$ place :i* ,i 0 eag] to e/abli%1 :5 at fir/ ,i took up my p54 ,x 0 ! g5]al tru/wor?9ess ( ! ,traditional ,text1--7! ,text :i* y admit to be upw>ds ( #aejj ye>s old17--:i* ,i aim$ at illu/rat+3 ! ess5tial rott5ness ( ! f\ndation on :i* ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,revision ( #ahha has be5 con/ruct$ by y\rself & y\r fell[ ,revis]s1--:i* ,i 0 det]m9$ to expose4 ,i claim to h prov$ n only t y\r entire sup]/ructure is ta/eless & unlovely to a degree1--b also t y h re>$ x up on a f\ndation ( s&4 ,9 no vaunt+ _s1 7,,god is my witness671 b out ( s9c]e & sob] zeal = ! tru? ( ,scripture ,i say x1--y\r "w1 :e!r y "k x or n1 has be5 s h&l$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! pres5t volume ( #ejj pages t its ess5tial de=mity mu/ be app>5t to e unprejudic$ behold]4 ,x c only be spok5 ( at ?is "t ( day z a %apeless ru94 ,a ru9 moreov] x is :i* does n admit ( be+ repair$ or re/or$4 ,& :y8 ,because ! mis*ief1 :i* ext5ds to e "p ( ! edifice1 takes its beg9n+1 z already expla9$1 9 e "p ( ! f\ndation4 ,& fur!r1 7to speak )\t a figure17 x _c be too pla9ly /at$ t no compromise is possible betwe5 our respective me?ods1--y\rs & m9e3 betwe5 ! ,,new ,,g]man sy/em 9 its mo/ aggravat$ & 9 fact intol]able =m1 to :i* y h incauti\sly & unconditionally giv5 9 y\r adhesion2 & ! ,,old ,,engli% s*ool ( ,textual ,criticism1 ( :i* ,i humbly av[ myself a disciple4 ,betwe5 ! !ory ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 7:i* y h made y\r own7 & ! me?od ( y\r pres5t ,correspond5t1 !re c be no compromise1 because ! two are antagoni/ic ?r\gh\t4 ,we h1 9 fact1 no?+ 9 common1--except c]ta9 docum5ts2 :i* ,i insi/ on int]pret+ by ! humble ,inductive process3 :ile y & y\r fri5ds insi/ on y\r "r ( d$uc+ y\r e/imate ( !m f c]ta9 antec$5t imag9ations ( y\r own1--e "o ( :i* ,i disall[1 & "s ( :i* ,i am able to disprove4 ,su*1 my "l ,bi%op1 is y\r baseless imag9ation--7#a7 ,t ! traditional ,greek ,text 7:i*1 )\t au?ority1 y /yle 8,! ,syrian text107 is ! result ( a delib]ate ,rec5sion made at ,antio*1 ,a4,d4 #bej & #cej37aadd7--7b7 ,t ! ,pes*ito1 9 l mann]1 is ! result ( a ,rec5sion made at ,edessa or ,nisibis ab\t ! same "t37#aade7--7c7 ,t ,cureton's is ! ,syriac 8,vetus10 & ! ,pes*ito ! ,syriac 8,vulgate307#aadf7--7d7 ,t ! respective ance/ries ( our only two ,i,vth-c5tury ,codices1 ,b & 1 8div]g$ f a common p>5t extremely ne> ! apo/olic autographs307#aadg7--7e7 ,t ?is common orig9al enjoy$ a 8g5]al immunity f sub/antive error20 & by consequ5ce--7#f7 ,t ,b & provide 8a safe crit]ion ( g5u95ess10 s t 8no read+s ( ,b c be safely reject$ absolutely407#aadh7--7g7 ,simil> wild imag9ations y *]i% conc]n+ ,c & ,d1--:i*1 toge!r ) ,b & y assume to be among ! mo/ tru/wor?y guides 9 exi/5ce2 :]eas ,i h conv9c$ myself1 by labori\s collation1 t !y are ! mo/ corrupt ( all4 ,we are ?us diametrically oppos$ ?r\gh\t4 ,f9ally1--7#h7 ,y assume t y possess a p[] ( div9ation :i* enables y to disp5se ) labori\s processes ( ,induction2 :ile ,i1 on ! contr>y1 insi/ t ! ,tru? ( ! ,text ( ,scripture is to be elicit$ exclusively f ! cons5ti5t te/imony ( ! l>ge/ numb] ( ! be/ ,,copies1 ,,fa!rs1 ,,v]sions47#aadi7 ,!re is1 ,i am p]suad$1 no royal road to ! atta9m5t ( ,tru? 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( ,k4 ,only ?r\gh ! l[ly portal ( humility1--only by self-r5\nc+ lab\r1--may we ev] hope to rea* ! inn]mo/ %r9e4 ,!y d b g a/ray !mselves & hopelessly mislead o!rs1 :o fir/ inv5t _! facts1 & !n proce$ to build !reupon _! premisses4 ,su* build]s are ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort1--) :om 7by y\r own av[al7 y /& completely id5tifi$47#aaej7 ,i repeat1 7= ,i wi% x to be di/9ctly und]/ood & rememb]$17 t :at ,i ass]t conc]n+ ^? ,critics is1--n t _! sup]/ructure re/s ^u an insecure f\ndation2 b t x re/s on no f\ndation at all4 ,my compla9t is1--n t !y are some:at & frequ5tly mi/ak52 b t !y are mi/ak5 entirely1 & t !y are mi/ak5 ?r\gh\t4 ,!re is no possibility ( approximation betwe5 _! m]e assumptions & ! results ( my humble & labori\s me?od ( deal+ ) ! ,text ( ,scripture4 ,we %all only !n be able to beg9 to reason toge!r ) ! slighte/ prospect ( com+ to any agreem5t1 :5 !y h unconditionally ab&on$ all _! preconceiv$ imag9ations1 & unres]v$ly scatt]$ e "o ( _! po/ulates to ! f\r w9ds4 7#g7 ,p>t+ ,c\nsels4 ,let me be all[$1 9 conclusion1 to recomm5d to y\r att5tion & t ( y\r fri5ds1--7,i47 8,,! ,,la/ ,,twelve ,,v]ses ,,( ,s4 ,,m>k',s ,,gospel30--7,,ii47 ,,! ,,angelic ,,hymn on ! night ( ! ,nativity3--7,,iii47 ,! text ( #a ,,timo?y iii4 #af1--^! ?ree1--79 respect ( :i* up to ?is h\r1 y & ,i f9d ourselves to be hopelessly divid$17--z conv5i5t ,te/ places4 ,:5 y are prep>$ frankly to admit1--7,i47 ,t !re is no reason :atev] = d\bt+ ! g5u95ess ( ,s4 ,,m>k xvi4 #i-bj37aaea7--7;,,ii47 ,t is unque/ionably ! ,evangelical text ( ,s4 ,,luke ii4 #ad37aaeb7--;& 7,,iii47 ,t is :at ! great ,apo/le mu/ be held to h writt5 9 #a ,,timo?y iii #af17aaec7--we %all be 9 good "t to proce$ to some?+ else4 ,until ?is happy result has be5 atta9$1 x is a m]e wa/e ( "t to break up fre% gr\nd1 & to ext5d ! area ( our diff]5ces4 ,i _c h[ev] disguise f y ! fact t su* an av[al on y\r "p w am\nt to an admission t 8! :ole fabric ( ,textual ,criticism :i* has be5 built up dur+ ! la/ fifty ye>s by successive editors ( ! ,new ,te/am5t10--,la*mann namely1 ,tis*5dorf1 & ,tregelles1--is wor?less4 ,nei!r may ! inevitable consequ5ce ( ?is admission be conceal$3 viz4 t y\r own "w z ,revisioni/s has be51 to speak pla9ly1 "o gigantic blund]1 f end to end4 7#h7 ,! subject dismiss$4 ,! issue ( ?is prolong$ cont5tion ,i n[ comm5d1 ) deep humility1 to ,,almighty ,,god4 ,! ,,_s ,,( ,,tru? w1 7,i "k17 take good c>e ( ,8 own ma/]piece1--! ,writt5 ,^w4 ,may ,he h compassion on my ignorance1 & graci\sly =give me1 if1 7int5d+ no?+ less17 ,i %all prove to h any:]e err$ 9 my /r5u\s endeav\r to ma9ta9 ! integrity ( ,scripture aga9/ ! ra%ness ( an impati5t & unle>n$ g5]ation4 ,b if1 7z ,i humbly believe & confid5tly hope17 my conclusions are s\nd ?r\gh\t1 !n may ,he enable m5 freely to recognize ! ,tru?2 & ?us1 effectually av]t f our ,*ur* ! supreme calamity ) :i*1 = a few mon?s 9 #ahha1 x seem$ ?reat5$2 namely1 ( hav+ an utt]ly deprav$ ,rec5sion ( ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ?ru/ ^u x1 z ! basis ( a v que/ionable ',revision' ( ! ,engli%4 ,my "l ,bi%op1--,i h ! hon\r to wi% y respectfully f>ewell4 ,j4 ,w4 ,b4 ,,dean]y1 ,,*i*e/]1 ,july1 #ahhc4 ,,! ,,grass ,,)]e?3 ,,! ,,fl[] ,,fade?3 ,,b ,,! ,,^w ,,( ,,our ,,god ,,%all ,,/& ,,= ,,ev]4 ,,app5dix ,,( ,,sacr$ ,,codices4 ,! inquiries into :i* ,i 0 l$ 7,janu>y to ,june #ahhc7 by my ,,diss]tation 9 v9dication ( ! ,traditional ,read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 h result$ 9 my be+ made aw>e ( ! exi/5ce ( a va/ numb] ( ,sacr$ ,codices :i* _h elud$ ! vigilance ( previ\s ,critics4 ,i _h already assi/$ my fri5d ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] 9 greatly enl>g+ ,s*olz's li/4 ,we _h 9 fact rais$ ! enum]ation ( 8,evangelia0 to #fba3 ( 8,acts & ,ca?olic ,epi/les0 to #bci3 ( 8,paul0 to #bha3 ( 8,apocalypse0 to #ajh3 ( 8,evangeli/>ia0 to #bii3 ( ! book call$ 8,apo/olus0 to #ha3--mak+ a total ( #afbi4--;,b at ! end ( a protract$ & some:at labori\s correspond5ce ) ! cu/odians ( n a few great ,cont95tal ,libr>ies1 ,i am able to /ate t our available 8,evangelia0 am\nt to at lea/ #gci7aaed73 our 8,acts & ,ca?4 ,epp40 to #bfa3 our 8,paul0 to #cch3 our 8,apoc40 to #abb3 our 8,ev/t40 to #dae7aaee73 our copies ( ! 8,apo/olus0 to #abh7aaef73 mak+ a total ( #bjjc4 ,?is %[s an increase ( ?ree hundr$ & sev5ty-f\r4 ,my orig9al int5tion _h be5 to publi% ?is enum]ation ( ,sacr$ ,codices 9 its entirety z an ,,app5dix to ! pres5t volume3 b f9d+ t ! ?ird edition ( ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s 8,introduction0 w\ld appe> "s mon?s be=e my own pages c\ld possibly see ! light1 ,i eag]ly communicat$ my discov]ies to my fri5d4 ,i h inde$ propos$ to myself no o!r object ?r\gh\t b ! advancem5t ( ! /udy ( ,textual ,criticism3 & x 0 reasonable to hope t by means ( 8 widely circulat$ volume1 ! great enl>gem5t :i* our previ\sly asc]ta9$ /ores h sudd5ly exp]i5c$ w\ld become m g5]ally kn[n to s*ol>s4 ,i %\ld ( c\rse /ill h x 9 my p[] to reproduce "h ! same enum]ation ( ,sacr$ ,codices4 ,! great bulk h[ev] :i* ! pres5t volume has acquir$1 induces me to limit myself 9 ?is place to "s acc\nt ( ^? ,codices :i* h be5 expressly ann\nc$ & disc\rs$ ab\t 9 my ,text 7z at pp4 #dgd & #dib-e74 ,"s o!r occasion mu/ be f\nd = enl>g+ on ! re/ ( my budget4 ,x only rema9s to /ate t = mo/ ( my rec5t discov]ies ,i am indebt$ to ! ,abbate ,cozza-,luzi1 ,prefect ( ! ,vatican2 :o on be+ in=m$ ( ! object ( my solicitude1 ) extraord9>y lib]ality & consid]ation at once set ?ree compet5t "y m5 to "w 9 ! pr9cipal libr>ies ( ,rome4 ,to him ,i am fur!r indebt$ = my introduction to ! ,,ms4 treasures belong+ to ! ,basilian monks ( ,crypta-,f]rata1 ! anci5t ,tusculum4 ,conc]n+ ! preci\s libr>y ( t mona/]y s mu* has be5 (f]$ already 7viz4 at pp4 #ddf-ddh1 & aga9 at pp4 #dgc-d71 z well z conc]n+ its le>n$ *ief1 ! ,hi]omona*us ,antonio ,roc*i1 t ,i mu/ be cont5t to ref] my read]s to ^? e>li] p>ts ( ! pres5t volume4 ,i _c h[ev] suffici5tly ackn[l$ge ! pati5t help :i* ! libr>ian ( ,crypta ,f]rata has r5d]$ me 9 ! c\rse ( ^! rese>*es4 ,= my k ( ! sacr$ ,codices pres]v$ at ,mess9a1 ,i am indebt$ to ! good (fices & le>n+ ( ,papas ,filippo ,matranga4 ,9 respect ( ^? at ,milan1 my le>n$ fri5d ,dr4 ,c]iani has 7n = ! fir/ "t7 be5 my effici5t help]4 ,m4 ,wes*] has k9dly assi/$ me at ,p>is2 & ,dr4 ,c4 de ,boor at ,b]l94 ,x mu/ suffice1 = ! re/1 to ref] to ! ,notes at foot ( pp4 #dia-b & #dgg-h4 ,,additional ,,codices ,,( ,s4 ,,paul',s ,,epi/les4 #bhb4 7 ,act4 #bdj4 ,apoc4 #aji74 ,p>is1 8,armni5 #i0 7olim ,reg4 #bbdg74 membr4 foll4 #cbc4 ,?is bil+ual codex 7,greek & ,arm5ian7 is describ$ by ! ,abb ,m>t9 9 8 ,introduction la ,critique ,textuelle du ,n4 ,t4 7#ahhc71 p4 #ffj-a4 ,see above1 p4 #dgd1 note #a4 ,an ,italian v]sion is add$ f ! ,ca?4 ,epp4 onw>ds4 ,mut4 at beg9n+ 7,acts iv4 #ad7 & end4 7,= its extraord9>y read+ at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 see above1 p4 #dgc-d47 #bhc4 7 ,act4 #bda74 ,mess9a ,p ,k ,z 7i4e4 #abg7 xii41 *>t4 foll4 #bbd4 ,mut4 beg9s at ,acts viii4 #b1--;ends at ,hebr4 viii4 #b2 also a leaf is lo/ betwe5 foll4 #ij & #ia4 ,has 4 & ,comm5t>y ( an unkn[n au?or4 #bhd4 7 ,act4 #aie74 ,mod5a1 ii4 ,a4 #ac xiii481 ,mut4 at ! end4 #bhe4 7 ,act4 #aif71 ,mod5a1 ii4 ,cf4 #d xi4 or xii44 ,sig4 ,ant4 ,cappelli 7sub-libr>ian7 s5ds me a trac+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 #bhf4 ,ambrosian libr>y1 ,e4 #b1 inf4! ,cat5a ( ,nicetas4 8,textus p>ticulatim prmittit ,comm5t>iis40 #bhg4 ,ambrosian ,a4 #bda1 inf41 8e/ ,cat5a ejusdem auctoris ex initio1 s$ non complectitur totum opus40 #bhh4 ,ambrosian ,d4 #eda inf4 x4 or xi4 membr4 ,text & ,cat5a on all ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 8,textus cont9uatus4 ,cat5a 9 m>g9ibus40 ,x 0 br\ght f ,!ssaly4 #bhi4 ,milan ,c4 #bie inf4 x4 or xi4 membr4 ) a ,cat5a4 8,textus cont9uatus4 ,cat5a 9 m>g9ibus40 #bij4 7 ,evan4 #fbb4 ,act4 #bdb4 ,apoc4 #aaj74 ,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 i4 xiii4 or xiv4 foll4 #chf3 *>t4 a beautiful codex ( ! entire ,n4 ,t4 describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #a-b4 ,m5olog4 ,mut4 #a ,nov4 to #af ,dec4 #bia4 7 ,act4 #bdc74 ,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 i4 x4 foll4 #aci3 9 two columns1--lett]s almo/ uncial4 ,p>ticul>ly describ$ by ,roc*i1 pp4 #ae1 #af4 ,zacagni us$ ?is codex :5 writ+ ab\t ,eu?alius4 ,mut41 beg9n+ ) ! argum5t = #a ,s4 ,john & end+ ) #b ,tim4 #bib4 7 ,act4 #bdd74 ,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 iii4 xi4 or xii44 ,membr41 foll4 #agb4 9 #b columns beautifully illum9at$3 describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #ah-i4 ,zacagni employ$ ?is codex :ile treat+ ( ,eu?alius4 ,m5olog4 #bic4 7 ,act4 #bde74 ,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 vi4 xi41 foll4 #aic4 ,mut4 at ! end1 ,describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bb-c4 #bid4 7 ,act4 #bdf74 ,vat4 #abjh4 ,abbate ,cozzi-,luzi confirms ,b]riman's acc\nt p4 #ih-i ( ! spl5d\r ( ?is codex4 ,x is writt5 9 gold lett]s1 & is said to h belong$ to ,c>lotta1 ,que5 ( ,j]usalem1 ,cyprus1 & ,arm5ia1 :o di$ at ,rome ,a4,d4 #adhg1 & probably gave ! book to ,pope ,innoc5t ,,viii41 ^: arms are pr9t$ at ! beg9n+4 ,x conta9s effigies ( ,s4 ,luke1 ,s4 ,james1 ,s4 ,pet]1 ,s4 ,john1 ,s4 ,jude1 ,s4 ,paul4 #bie4 7 ,act #bdg74 ,palat9o-,vat4 #ch xi4 membr4 foll4 #ce4 ,b]riman 7p4 #ajj7 says x is ( qu>to size1 & ref]s x to ! ,i,xth c5t4 #bif4 ,b>b]9i iv4 #he 7olim #ai71 dat$ ,a4,d4 #acbd4 ,= my k ( ?is codex ,i am entirely indebt$ to ,b]riman1 :o says t x conta9s 8! argum5ts & m>g9al s*olia writt50 7p4 #ajb74 #big4 ,b>b]9i1 vi4 #ac 7olim #bbi71 membr4 xi4 foll4 #aie3 conta9s ,s4 ,paul's #ad ,epp4 ,?is codex also 0 kn[n to ,b]riman1 :o relates 7p4 #ajb71 t x is furni%$ 8) ! old m>g9al s*olia40 #bih4 7 ,act4 #bdh71 ,b]l9 7,hamilton3 ,no #fbe 9 ! ,engli% pr9t$ catalogue1 :]e x is errone\sly describ$ z a 8,lection>ium407 ,x conta9s ,acts1 ,ca?4 ,epp4 & ,s4 ,paul1--z ,dr4 ,c4 de ,boor in=ms me4 #bii4 7 ,act4 #bdi71 ,b]l91 #dto4 #dj xiii43 same cont5ts z ! prec$+4 #cjj4 7 ,act4 #bej71 ,b]l91 #dto4 #dc xi41 same cont5ts z ! prec$+1 b comm5ces ) ! ,psalms4 #cja4 7 ,act4 #bea71 ,b]l91 #dto4 #eg xiv41 *>t4 ,same cont5ts z ,paul #bih4 #cjb4 7 ,evan4 #fdb4 ,act4 #beb47 ,b]l91 #hvo4 #i xi41 probably once conta9$ all ! ,n4 ,t4 ,x n[ beg9s ) ,s4 ,luke ,,xxiv4 #ec1 & is mut4 aft] #a ,!ss4 #cjc4 ,milan1 ,n4 #bgb inf4 8,exc]pti loci40 #cjd4 7 ,act4 #bec7 ,vat4 #cfi xiv4 foll4 #bbf1 *>t4 #cje4 ,vat4 #edi1 membr4 xii4 foll4 #chj4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 ) ,!ophylact's ,comm5t>y4 #cjf4 ,vat4 #eej1 membr4 xii4 foll4 #bij2 conta9s ,romans ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cjg4 ,vat #eea1 membr4 x4 foll4 #bhc4 ,a l>ge codex1 conta9+ "s ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cjh4 ,vat4 #eeb1 membr4 xi4 foll4 #aee4 ,conta9s ,hebrews ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cji4 ,vat4 #ehb1 membr4 xiv4 foll4 #adf4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #caj4 ,vat4 #fdf xiv41 foll4 #bej3 8cum supplem5tis40 ,*>t4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,comm4 ( ,!ophylact & ,eu?ymius4 ,p>s ,i4 et ,,ii4 #caa4 7 ,evan4 #fga74 ,vat4 #fdg4 ,*>t4 foll4 #cch xv44 ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les & ! ,gospels1 ) ,!ophylact's ,comm5t>y4 #cab4 ,vat4 #fdh1 writt5 ,a4,d4 #abcb1 at ,j]usalem1 by ,simeon1 8qui et ,saba dicitur30 foll4 #cch1 *>t4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 ) ,comm4 ( ,!ophylact4 #cac4 7 ,act4 #bci74 ,vat4 #feb1 *>t4 xv4 foll4 #aje4 ,! ,acts & ,epi/les ) ,comm5t>y4 ,see ! ,preface to ,!ophylact1 ed4 #ageh1 vol4 iii4 p4 v4-viii41 also 8,acts #bci0 9 ,scriv5]'s #crd4 edit4 7p4 #bfc74 #cad4 ,vat4 #fib1 membr4 xii4 foll4 #ic1 mut4 ,cor9?ians1 ,galatians1 ,ephesians1 ) ,comm5t>y4 #cae4 ,vat4 #abbb1 *>t4 xvi4 foll4 #dcg4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,!ophylact's ,comm4 #caf4 7 ,act4 #bee74 ,vat4 #afed1 membr4 x4 or xi41 foll4 #baa4 ,acts & ,epi/les ( ,s4 ,paul ) ,*ryso/om's ,comm4 #cag4 ,vat4 #afef1 membr4 xii41 foll4 #ahb4 ,hebrews ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om1 folio4 #cah4 ,vat4 #afei1 membr4 xi4 foll4 #ddd4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cai4 ,vat4 #aiga 7,basil #aj7 membr4 x4 foll4 #bdg4 4 #cbj4 ,vat4 #bjee 7,basil #id71 membr4 x4 foll4 #bib4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cba4 ,vat4 #bjfe 7,basil #ajd71 x4 membr4 foll4 #ceh4 ,romans ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cbb4 7 ,act4 #bef7 ,vat4 #bjii 7,basil #ach7 membr4 foll4 #abj x44 ,note t ?\gh numb]$ = ! ,acts1 ?is code only conta9s 1 4 #cbc4 ,vat4 #bahj xv4 foll4 #bid1 *>t4 ,) ,comm4 ( ,!ophylact4 #cbd4 ,alex&4 ,vat4 #d x4 foll4 #bef1 membr4 8,optim n40 ,romans ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om1 4 4 8,fuit mona/]ii dicti 40 #cbe4 7 ,evan4 #fih4 ,apoc4 #aag74 ,alex&4 ,vat4 #f4 *>t4 foll4 #ccf xvi41 a l>ge codex4 ,! ,gospels ) ,comm4 ( ,nicetas3 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,comm4 ( ,!ophylact3 ,apocalypse ) an anonym\s ,comm4 #cbf4 ,vat4 ,ottob4 #gd xv4 foll4 #bia1 *>t4 ,romans ) ,!odoret's ,comm4 #cbg4 ,palat9o-,vat4 #aj x4 membr4 foll4 #bfh4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) a ,patri/ic ,comm5t>y4 8,felkman adnotat40 #cbh4 ,palat9o-,vat4 #bjd x4 foll4 #aha1 cum additam5tis4 ,) ! int]pretation ( cum5ius4 #cbi4 ,palat9o-,vat4 #cbe x4 membr4 foll4 #afc1 mut4 ,int] alia ade/ 4 4 #ccj4 ,palat9o-,vat4 #dbc xii41 p>tly *>t4 ,codex miscell4 habet 4 #cca4 ,angelic4 ,t4 #h1 #f xii4 foll4 #cbf4 ,s4 ,paul's ,epp4 ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #ccb4 7 ,act4 #bei74 ,b>b]9i iii4 #cf 7olim #bb73 membr4 foll4 #cbh xi44 ,int] alia 4 4 4 #ccc4 7 ,act4 #bfj74 ,b>b]9i iii4 #aj 7olim #bei7 *>t4 foll4 #bif xiv44 ,exc]pta 4 7f4 #aeb73 7f4 #aei73 7f4 #afb73 4 7f4 #afe73 4 7f4 #aff73 4 7f4 #afg73 4 7f4 #agi73 4 7fol4 #ahi73 4 7f4 #aic73 4 7def4 inf9474 #ccd4 ,b>b4 ,v4 #ch 7olim #cj7 xi4 foll4 #bai1 mut4 ,hebrews ) ,comm4 ( ,*ryso/om4 #cce4 ,vallicell4 ,f4 xv41 *>t4 miscell4 ,int] alia1 4 #ccf4 7 ,act4 #bfa71 ,casanat5sis1 ,g4 #aa1 #f4--,note1 t ?\gh numb]$ = 8,acts10 x conta9s only ! ,ca?olic ,epp4 & ^? ( ,s4 ,paul ) a ,cat5a4 #ccg4 ,ottob4 #cbh4 ,all ,i "k z yet ( ?is & ( ! next codex is t is read 9 bo? at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 #cch4 ,borg4 ,f4 vi4 #af4 ,see note on ! prec$+4 ,,additional ,,copies ,,( ,,! 8,,apo/olus40 #hb4 ,mess9a 7i4e4 #hc7 foll4 #cca1 #hvo4 ,p]fect4 #hc4 ,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 iv4 x4 membr4 foll4 #aci1 ,praxapo/olus4 ,roc*i gives an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ?is codex1 pp4 #ai-bj4 ,x seems to be an adaptation ( ! liturgical use ( ,c ,p4 to ! requirem5ts ( ! ,basilian monks 9 ! ,calabrian ,*ur*4 ,?is p>ticul> codex is mut4 9 ! beg9n+ & at ! end4 7,= its extraord9>y read+ at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 see above1 p4 #dgc-d74 #hd4 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 v4 xi41 membr4 foll4 #bde1 a mo/ beautiful codex4 ,roc*i describes x c>efully1 pp4 #bj-b4 ,at ! end ( ! ,m5ology is "s liturgical matt]4 8,patet ,m5ologium esse m]um alicujus ,m5ologii ,c,ptani1 9 usum4 si velis1 =te r$acti ,ecclesiae ,rossan5sis 9 ,calabria40 ,a sugge/ive rem>k foll[s t f ?is s\rce 8rituum rubric>umque magnum segetem colligi posse1 nec non ,commemorationem ,sanctorum mirum sane num]um1 quas 9 aliis ,m5ologiis vix inv5ies40 #he4 ,crypta ,f]rata 4 4 vii4 xi4 membr4 foll4 #fd1 ,praxapo/olus4 ,?is codex & ! next exhibit 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af4 ,! ,m5ology is mut4 aft] #ag ,dec4 #hf4 ,crypta ,f]rata 4 4 viii4 xii4 or xiii4 fragm5ts ( foll4 #abg4 membr4 ,praxapo/olus4 7,see ! prec$+47 ,int]e/+ly describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bc-d4 #hg4 ,crypta ,f]rata 4 4 ix4 xii41 foll4 #ajd1 membr4 ,praxapo/olus4 ,int]e/+ly describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bd-e4 ,! ,m5ology is un=tunately defective aft] #i? ,novemb]4 #hh4 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 x4 xiii48 membr4 #af fragm5t>y leaves4 8,v]e lam5t&a e/ qu huic ,eclogadio calamitas ev5it0 7says ! le>n$ ,roc*i1 p4 #be71 8quoniam ex ejus residuis1 multa ,sanctorum nom9a rep]ies qu alibi fru/ra qusi]is40 #hi4 ,crypta ,f]rata 4 4 xi4 xi4 membr4 foll4 #bia1 mut41 writt5 9 two columns4 ,! ,m5ology is defective aft] #ab ,june1 & else:]e4 ,describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bf4 #ij4 7 ,ev/4 #cbb7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 ii4 xi4 membr4 foll4 #bei1 ) _m exc]pts f ! ,fa!rs1 fully describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #ag-h1 fragm5t>y & imp]fect4 #ia4 7 ,ev/4 #cbc7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 ii4 x4 membr4 foll4 #aee1 a s+ul>ly full lection>y4 ,describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #ch-dj4 #ib4 7 ,ev/4 #cbe7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 iv4 xiii4 membr4 foll4 #beg1 a beautiful & int]e/+ codex1 8,calligrapho ,joanne ,rossan5si ,hi]omona*o ,cryptf]rat03 fully describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #dj-c4 ,l _m o!r 9 ! same collection1 x is a palimpse/4 #ic4 7 ,ev/4 #cbg7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 vi4 xiii4 membr4 foll4 #cg1 mut4 at beg9n+ & end1 & o!rwise mu* injur$3 describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #de-f4 #id4 7 ,ev/4 #cbh7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 ix4 xii41 membr4 foll4 #aag1 mut4 at beg9n+ & end4 #ie4 7 ,ev/4 #ccd7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xx4 xii4 membr4 foll4 #ba1 a m]e fragm5t4 7,roc*i1 p4 #ea47 #if4 7 ,ev/4 #ccg7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xxiv4 ,a collection ( fragm5ts4 7,roc*i1 p4 #ec47 #ig4 7 ,ev/4 #cci7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 ii4 xi4 membr4 foll4 #aea1 elaborately describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bdd-i4 ,?is codex once belong$ to ,?omasius4 #ih4 7 ,ev/4 #cdj7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 iii4 xiv4 membr4 foll4 #bja4 ,go> us$ ?is codex3 describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bdi-ea4 #ii4 7 ,ev/4 #cda7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 vi4 xiii4 or xiv41 membr4 foll4 #aja3 describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bee-g4 #ajj4 7 ,ev/4 #cdd7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 ix4 xvi41 membr4 foll4 #ie1 mut4 at beg9n+ & end1 & mu* injur$4 #aja4 7 ,ev/4 #cdf7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xii4 xiv41 membr4 foll4 #ih1 mut4 at beg9n+ & end4 #ajb4 7 ,ev/4 #cdg7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xiii4 xiii4 membr4 foll4 #ahh3 writt5 by ,john ( ,rossano1 ,hi]omona*us ( ,cryptaf]rata1 describ$ by ,roc*i1 p4 #bfe-g4 #ajc4 7 ,ev/4 #cdi7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xv4 xi4 to xiv4 membr4 foll4 #da4--;,describ$ p4 #bfh-i4 #ajd4 7 ,ev/4 #cej7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xvii4 xvi44 ,*>t4 foll4 #bfi4 ,describ$1 p4 #bfi-gj4 #aje4 7 ,ev/4 #cea71 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xviii4 xiv4 *>t4 foll4 #ed4 #ajf4 7 ,ev/4 #ceb7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xix4 xvi4 *>t41 foll4 #aie1 describ$ p4 #bga4 #ajg4 7 ,ev/4 #cec7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xxiii4 xvii41 membr4 foll4 #ge1--! "w ( ,basilius ,falasca1 ,hi]omona*us1 & head ( ! mona/]y1 ,a4,d4 #afda1--;describ$ p4 #bgc-d4 #ajh4 7 ,ev/4 #ced7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xxiv4 xvi4 *>t4 foll4 #cjb1--! "w ( ,lucas ,felix1 head ( ! mona/]y2 describ$1 p4 #bgd-e4 #aji4 7 ,ev/4 #cef7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xxxviii4 xvii44 *>t4 foll4 #ia1 ! "w ( 8,romanus ,vasselli0 & 8,mi*ael ,lodol9us40 #aaj4 7 ,ev/4 #ceg7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xlii4 xvi4 *>t4 foll4 #cdd4 #aaa4 7 ,ev/4 #ceh7 ,crypta ,f]rata1 4 4 xxii4 xviii4 *>t4 foll4 #gg1--;describ$ foll4 #cfe-f4 #aab4 7 ,ev/4 #cab7 ,mess9a1 membr4 9 #hvo4 foll4 #fj xiii41--8fragm5tum p>vi mom5ti40 #aac4 ,syracuse 78,sem9>io07 *>t4 foll4 #bai1 mut4 giv5 by ! ,cav4 ,l&ol9a4 #aad4 7 ,evan4 #aee7 ,alex4 ,vat4 #aae4 ,i h l$ ,scriv5] into error by assign+ ?is numb] 7,apo/4 #aae7 to 8,vat4 #bjfh 7,basil #ajg740 ,see above1 p4 #die1 note #a4 ,i did n adv]t to ! fact t 8,basil #ajg0 _h already be5 numb]$ 8,apo/4 #di40 #aaf4 ,vat4 #cfh 7,praxapo/olus7 xiii4 foll4 #acf1 membr4 #aag4 7 ,ev/4 #cha7 ,vat4 #ggd xiii41 foll4 #afj1 membr4 #aah4 7 ,ev/4 #chg7 ,vat4 #bjab 7,basil #ea71 foll4 #baa xv4 *>t4 #aai4 ,vat4 #baaf 7,basil #aee7 xiii4 foll4 #aaa4 #abj4 ,alex&4 ,vat4 #aa 7,praxapo/olus71 xiv4 membr4 foll4 #afi4 #aba4 7 ,ev/4 #cie7 ,alex&4 ,vat4 #ei xii4 foll4 #acg4 #abb4 ,alex&4 ,vat4 #gj1 ,a4,d4 #aedd1 foll4 #ah3 89 fronte pronunciatio ,grca ,lat9is lit]is descripta40 #abc4 7 ,ev/4 #djj7 ,palat9o-,vat4 #bda xv4 *>t4 foll4 #adi4 #abd4 7 ,ev/4 #daj7 ,b>b4 iii4 #abi 7olim #bcd7 *>t4 xiv4 foll4 #ahi4 #abe4 ,b>b4 iv4 #aa 7olim #aic71 ,a4,d4 #aeff1 *>t4 foll4 #aeh1 ,praxapo/olus4 #abf4 ,b>b4 iv4 #fj 7olim #aaf7 xi4 foll4 #cbb1 a f9e codex ) m5ologium4 ,praxapo/olus4 #abg4 ,b>b4 iv4 #hd 7olim #aag7 xiii4 foll4 #ahe1 ) m5ologium4 ,mut4 #abh4 ,p>is1 ,reg4 ,greek1 #ac1 membr4 xiii4 or xiv41 a huge folio ( ,liturgical ,miscellanies1 consi/+ ( betwe5 #f & #ijj unnumb]$ leaves4 7,at ! 4 1 l9e #aa1 47 ,communicat$ by ! ,abb ,m>t94 ,,po/script 7,,nov4 #ahhc47 ,x w be f\nd /at$ at p4 #die 7l9e #aj f ! bottom7 t ! ,codices 7( 8,paul0 & 8,apo/407 :i* exhibit am\nt 9 all to #bhi4 ,f ?is sum 7= ! reason already assign$ above71 "o mu/ be d$uct$1 viz41 8,apo/4 #aae40 ,on ! o!r h&1 #h copies ( 8,,paul0 7communicat$ by ! ,abbate ,cozza-,luzi7 are to be add$3 viz4 ,vat4 #fdf 7,paul #caj73 #fdg 7,paul #caa73 #aiga 7,paul #cai74 ,palat4 ,vat4 #aj 7,paul #cbg73 #bjd 7,paul #cbh74 ,casanat4 ,g4 #aa1 #af 7,paul #ccf74 ,ottob4 #cbh 7,paul #ccg74 ,borg4 ,f4 vi4 #af 7,paul #cch74 ,s t no less ?an #bfj out ( #bfb cursive copies ( ,/4 ,paul's ,epi/le1--n #beb out ( #bed1 z /at$ 9 p4 #die 7l9e #ba f ! bottom71--are f\nd to witness to ! ,read+ "h cont5d$ =4 ,! enum]ation ( ,codices at page #did is !re=e to be cont9u$ z foll[s3--#caj1 #caa1 #cai1 #cbg1 #cbh1 #ccf1 #ccg1 #cch4 ,to ! =ego+ are also to be add$ #d copies ( ! 8,,apo/olus10 viz4 ,vat4 #baaf 7,apo/4 #aai74 ,palat4 ,vat4 #bda 7,apo/4 #abc74 ,b>b4 iv4 #aa olim #aic 7,apo/4 #abe74 ,p>is1 ,reg4 ,gr4 #ac 7,apo/4 #abh74 ,f all :i*1 x appe>s t1 7includ+ copies ( ! 8,apo/olus107 ,,! ,,codices ,,:i* ,,are ,,kn[n ,,to ,,witness ,,to ,,9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 ,,am\nt #bhi-ahd ,,to ,,exactly ,,?ree ,,hundr$4 ,,index ,i1 ,,( ,,texts ,,( ,,scripture1--,,quot$1 ,,discuss$1 ,,or ,,only ,,ref]r$ ,,to ,,9 ,,?is ,,volume4 ,note1 t an a/]isk 7997 di/+ui%es ref]5ces to ! ,greek ,text f ref]5ces to ! ,engli% ,translation4 ,:]e ei!r ! ,read+ ( ! ,orig9al1 or ! ,engli% ,translation is l>gely discuss$1 ! sign is d\bl$ 79999 or 74 ,g5esis ii4 #d1 #aai #aj1 #ahj iii4 #g1 #ahj v4 #a1 #aai xviii4 #ad1 #ahc ,exodus x4 #ba-bc1 #fa ,leviticus iv4 #c1 #ahc ,deut4 xxxiv4 #a-ab1 #dh ,judges iv4 #ac1 #aha #b ,sam4 vii4 #b1 #c1 #aib #a ,k+s viii4 #ag1 #ah1 #aib #a ,*ron4 xvii4 #a1 #b1 #aib #b ,*ron4 xxiv4 #h1 #aj1 #aa1 #bja ,job xxxviii4 #b1 #bce ,psalms xxxiii4 #ah1 #ahe xlv4 #f1 #ahb lxxxiii4 #i1 #aha ,isaiah xiv4 #ae1 #ef lvii4 #ae1 #ahe liii4 #i1 #dfg ,j]emiah xv4 #i1 #fd ,amos viii4 #i1 #fd ,ze*>ia xi4 #ab1 #aej ,apocrypha--,b>u* iii4 #ch or #cg #agg99 ,s4 ,matt4 i4 7g5ealogy71 #afg #a1 #aai-ba #c1 #g1 #aj1 #ab1 #ahf #ah1 #aai-bb99991 #bjd1 #bbd #ba1 #afe1 #ahd #bb1 #agc #bc1 #ahf #be1 #abc-d99991 #caa991 #cae991 #daf991 #dag ii4 #a1 #aef #b1 #aee #d1 #aef #e1 #agc #f1 #g1 #aef #i1 #aee #aa1 #ab1 #ac1 #aef #ae1 #aee #af1 #adf #ag1 #aef #bb1 #afg #bc1 #aef1 #aeg1 #ahd iii4 #e1 #ahd #f1 #age #aj1 #afd #ae1 #aic #af1 #age iv4 #c1 #eaa #aa1 #aic #ac1 #ae1 #ahf #ah1 #ahd #ah1 #bj1 #ba1 #ahj v4 #ae1 #ada #bb1 #ada1 #ahj1 #cag991 #ceh-fa9999 #bc1 #afa #cg1 #bad #ci1 #abi1 #bad #dj1 #aic #dd1 #daj-a99991 #dab vi4 #h1 #cag99 #ab1 #afc #ab1 #ad1 #ae1 #aic #ac1 #aje1 #caa991 #caf99 vi4 #bi1 #afg #cj1 #afg vii4 #d1 #aic #i1 #afh #bh1 #aii viii4 #c1 #aec #d1 #bei #h1 #eaa #ac1 #caf99 #ai1 #ahc ix4 #b1 #cb #c1 #cc #e1 #cb #f1 #bei #i1 #ada #ag1 #adh ix4 #ah1 #ahc #bc1 #adh #cc1 #cc x4 #h1 #ajh99 #i1 #bja #ba1 #eaa #ce1 #cag99 xi4 #aa1 #abh1 #aff #bc1 #ed-ef99991 #bag99 #bi1 #cag99 xii4 #bd1 #bg1 #cag99 #bi1 #adc1 #afh #ch1 #bjd #dj1 #abh #dc1 #afd #dg1 #caa991 #cae99 xiii4 #c1 #afd #e1 #aed #ai1 #ch1 #bad #cb1 #afd #ce1 #caf99 #cf1 #aie xiv4 #b1 #ada #b1 #c1 #ac1 #fh #ae1 #bb1 #bc1 #aie #bb1 #aed #cj1 #ga991 #cag99 #ca1 #aec xv4 #ad1 #cfa #cb1 #ci1 #aie xvi4 #b1 #c1 #aje1 #caa991 #caf99 #g1 #aei #ab1 #aii #ag1 #aha #ba1 #cag99 xvii4 #ae1 #bje #bj1 #aci991 #cag99 #ba1 #ia-b99991 #bjf99991 #bag1 #caa991 #cag991 #dag #bb1 #agf991 #cag99 #bd1 #adg1 #aej #be1 #adf #bg1 #abh1 #adg xviii4 #f1 #aha #aa1 #ib99991 #caa991 #cae991 #dag #ag1 #afd #ce1 #adc xix4 #ag1 #aje1 #aci991 #bag1 #caf99 xx4 #ae1 #afh #bj1 #aic1 #eab #ba1 #eab #cd1 #aec xxi4 #a-c1 #eg #b1 #aed #h1 #ei1 #fa1 #ade #bh1 #agh #ca1 #caf99 xxii4 #i1 #ada #cc1 #aii xxiii4 #ce1 #caf99 xxiv4 #c1 #agh xxv4 #ah1 #bg1 #adh #ci1 #afg #df1 #bjg xxvi4 #c1 #adc #g1 #bjj #ae1 #adi-aej #bb1 #abh #bd1 #agc #cf1 #ahb1 #baj99 #dh1 #bjc #ec1 #afh #fi1 #ahc #gd1 #aed xxvii4 #cd1 #cae99 #cg1 #hg #de1 #fa1 #fd #df1 #aei #di1 #cc-d991 #cji991 #cae99 #ej1 #aic #fj1 #afb1 #aih #fa1 #hh xxvii4 #fa1 #fd1 #ff1 #aih xxviii4 #a1 #aih #b1 #afb #ai1 #agd1 #caf99 #bj1 #ahb ,s4 ,m>k i4 #a1 #acb99991 #ace1 #caf99 #h1 #bjd #i1 #agd1 #age #ac1 #afe #af1 #ahd #af1 #ah1 #ai1 #ahj #ah1 #aic1 #aid #bb1 #aii #bc1 #agb #bg1 #aje1 #aci #bh1 #caf99 #dd1 #bei ii4 #a-ab1 #cj-cc9999 #aa1 #bei #ba1 #aci991 #adh #bb1 #adh iii4 #e1 #ada #ad1 #af1 #caf99 #bg1 #adc #bi1 #aci99 iv4 #ac1 #agj #bi1 #agh #cf1 #ade1 #aie v4 #ca1 #djb99 #cf1 #aci991 #caf99 #dc1 #eaa99 vi4 #aa1 #aah1 #acg-h99991 #dji-aj99991 #dab99 #ad1 #af1 #fh #af1 #gj #ag1 #fh #bj1 #ff-fi99991 #cae991 #dag #bb1 #fh1 #cae99 #bd1 #be1 #fh #bg1 #adg #bi1 #afg #cj1 #cb1 #fh #cc1 #beh99 #cf1 #de1 #aie vii4 #h1 #aid #bg1 #agi #ca1 #cae99 #cc1 #ce1 c41 #ahj viii4 #g1 #eaa viii4 #i1 #aie #bc1 #adc #bf1 #bei99 ix4 #a1 #caf99 #ah1 #bj1 #bb1 #bf1 #bje #bc1 #aci991 #bag99 #bc1 #bd1 #bi1 #fi-ga99 #ch1 #bfj99 #ci1 #afi #db1 #aha #dd1 #df1 #eaj #di1 #bfj99 x4 #ag-ca1 #cbf-ca9999 #ba1 #bag991 #eaj99 #ce1 #cg1 #eab99 #dd1 #df1 #aje xi4 #a-f1 #eg #c1 #ef-eh99991 #bag991 #dag #d1 #ahb #f1 #aic #h1 #eh-fa99991 #dah1 #dci99 #bf1 #bag99 xii4 #cg1 #adf #db1 #ahc xiii4 #ai1 #afj #cb1 #baj9999 xiv4 #c1 #bjj1 #ahd-e99 #f1 #aic #h1 #ahe #aa1 #aej #cj1 #ga9999 #cj1 #fh1 #gb1 #caf99 #cb1 #ahb #ej1 #aid #fe1 #aci99 #fh1 #ada1 #caf99 #gb1 #caf99 xv4 #h1 #aci991 #aia #ca1 #afg #cc1 #fa #ci1 #ga-b9999 #dg1 #hi xvi4 #i-bj1 #cc1 #cf-dj99991 #dg-i99991 #ea991 #bha-d991 #caa991 #cag991 #dah1 #dai1 #dbb-d99991 #eai99 #ag1 #bj1 #bjd #ai1 #dgj ,s4 ,luke i4 #ae1 #ahj1 #bjd #bf1 #caf99 #cg1 #ahc #db1 #aci99 #ea1 #agb #gh1 #agi ii4 #i1 #add #ab1 #bjc #ad1 #da-g99991 #ea1 #aci1 #caf991 #cdj-a99991 #dah1 #dai1 #dbj-b99991 #eai99 #bi1 #agh #cc1 #afa #ch1 #add iii4 #c1 #ahd #i1 #afd #bj1 #fh #bb1 #aae9999 iv4 #a1 #bah-bai99 #c1 #djc991 #eaa #g1 #h1 #ag1 #ah1 #ba1 #bc1 #bg1 #ce1 #djc99 #bi1 #abi1 #djc99 #cb1 #aii #ch1 #dc1 #djd99 #ci1 #add #dd1 #cae991 #djd99 v4 #b1 #ahj #d1 #ada1 #afb #e1 #aei #i1 #abh1 #ceb #ac1 #aec #ah1 #ai1 #cb #bj1 #cb #ba1 #cc #cf1 #aci #cg1 #adh #ci1 #aaj vi4 #a 747 #gc-e99991 #caa991 #caf99 #a 747 #ic-d99 #f1 #abi #ce1 #adf #ch1 #ceb #ci1 #bce #dh1 #aaj1 #cae99 vii4 #g1 #eaa99 #ag1 #agb #cg1 #bjj viii4 #ce-dd1 #af-g9999 #de-f1 #dja-c9999 #df1 #aeh ix4 #g1 #ff-i99991 #dje99 #g1 #h1 #fh #aj1 #fh1 #bfj-a99 #ab1 #aie #ca1 #ahd #ci1 #db1 #bje #ed-f1 #caa991 #cae991 #eaa99 #ee1 #ef1 #ic991 #bag1 #dah x4 #a1 #caf99 #aj1 #fh #aa1 #abh #ae1 #ed-f99991 #dah #bj1 #abh #dj1 #add #da1 #db1 #aaf-aag99 1 #caa99 #da to xi4 #aa1 #eaj99 #db1 #cae99 xi4 #b-d1 #cd-f99991 #dah #d1 #afc1 #cag99 #aa1 #agi #ae1 #ah1 #ai1 #cag99 #ba1 #adc #ed1 #bfa99 xii4 #b1 #afi #ah1 #bfa99 #ci1 #aid #de1 #aie-f xiv4 #a1 #agi #ba1 #afi xv4 #af1 #aha #af1 #ag1 #aci99 #ag1 #djg99 #ba1 #cae99 #bb1 #ahj #bc1 #dje99 #ca1 #agh xvi4 #c1 #aei #i1 #aci99 #aa1 #ahj #ab1 #caf99 #ba1 #aci99 xvii4 #b1 #aha xviii4 #g1 #afi xix4 #aj1 #ib #ah1 #djf99 #bc1 #afi #bi1 #ahd #bi-cd1 #cc1 #eg xix41 xx41 #id-e9999 xx4 #a1 #add #be1 #djf99 #dd1 #agj xxi4 #bd1 #caf99 #cd1 #add #cg1 #ahd xxii4 #e1 #f1 #aej #ai1 #bj to xxiv4 #ec #ge-g99 #ai1 #bj1 #gh-i9999 #bb1 #agc #dc-d1 #ge1 #gf1 #gi-hb99991 #aca1 #bha991 #caa991 #caf991 #cdj99991 #daa99 #fj1 #aed #fd1 #eaa99 xxiii4 #h1 #bjd #ag1 #ge1 #gf1 #caa99 #bc1 #be1 #aia #cb1 #cag99 #cc1 #afe #cd1 rev]se ( title1 #ge1 #gf1 #hb-e99991 #aca1 #bha-c991 #caa991 #caf991 #daa99 #ch1 #ge1 #gf1 #he-h99991 #bha-c1 #caa991 #dah1 #eaa99 #db1 #gb99 #de1 #fa-e99991 #cae99 #dai #ee1 #hh-i9999 xxiv4 #a1 #ge1 #gf1 #hh-i9999 #c1 #gf #d1 #add #f1 #gf #g1 #if-g9999 #i1 #gf #aj1 #hi #ab1 #gf1 #hi-ij99991 #bha-c991 #caa99 #ac1 #caf99 #ag1 #aje1 #aci99 #cf1 #dj1 #gf1 #ij-a9999 #da1 #ic99 #db1 #gf1 #eaa99 #dd1 #djg99 #ea1 #gf1 #bha-c991 #dgj #eb1 #gf #ec1 #gf1 #bfa-b99 ,s4 ,john i4 #a1 #dfi #c1 #acb991 #ace1 #agd #c1 #aj1 #agd #d1 #caf99 #i1 #ahj #aj1 #agd #ac1 #cdg #ad1 #agh #ah1 #ahb1 #cae99 #cd1 #caf99 #db1 #aha99 ii4 #c1 #caf99 iii4 #c1 #e1 #f1 #g1 #h #cdg #ac1 #acb-e99991 #caa991 #cae991 #eaj99 iv4 #f1 #ade #ae1 #djg-h9999 v4 #b1 #e-f9999 #c1 #d1 #bhb-c1 #caa991 #caf99 #cd1 #aje vi4 #d1 #cec99991 #ced99 #ba1 #aed #bi1 #afj #cb1 #ahj #cc1 #adb #ea1 #caf99 #gj1 #afd vii4 #ci1 #caf99 #ec to viii4 #aa1 #caa99 ix4 #d1 #aci991 #caf99 #e1 #adb #aa1 #adj991 #caf99 #ce1 #cae99 #ch1 #caf99 x4 #ad1 #bbj-a99991 #cae99 #cb1 #afj #ci1 #adb xi4 #ab1 #ada #bg1 #afc xii4 #c1 #ahd-e99 #f1 #bja #g1 #aci991 #ahe #da1 #adj99 #dc1 #adb xiii4 #aj1 #ada1 #caf99 #ab1 #ade #ad1 #afd #ba-f1 #aje #bd1 #caf99 #bd-e1 #ade99 #bi1 #bja xiv4 #d1 #gb-c991 #ada1 #dai #e1 #i1 #agj #aj1 #ad1 #adj99 #ah1 #afc #bb1 #adb xv4 #a1 #ahj #ae1 #agi #bj1 #ceb #bf1 #dea99 xvi4 #ac1 #cce #ae1 #baj #af1 #ag1 #ai1 #afc #ba1 #afd #bc1 #adj99 #cb1 #afi xvii4 #d1 #adj99 #d1 #f1 #aeh #aa1 #ceb #aa1 #ab1 #adj99 #ad1 #aeh #bd1 #bag-h9999 #be1 #aeh xviii4 #a1 #aha #e1 #caf99 #ah1 #afa #bd1 #afb #bg1 #abh #ce1 #afj #cg1 #agh xix4 #af1 #abh #ah1 #hg #bj1 #hf #bi1 #abh #cd1 #cc1 #cji99 #ci1 #cag99 #dj1 #abh1 #dcf #da1 #cag99 #db1 #abi xx4 #b1 #aei #d1 #afg #ab1 #afb1 #afe #ac1 #aei #af1 #adj #bh1 #dfi #cj1 #bjd xxi4 #a1 #i1 #abh xxi4 #ab1 #ae1 #adb #ae1 #afb1 #aha99 #ae1 #af1 #ag1 #ahj #be1 #bc-d99991 #cag ,acts i4 #b1 #bjd #c1 #abh #e1 #cag99 #i1 #dgj #ah1 #aec #ai1 #caf99 #bc1 #aej ii4 #bb1 #agc1 #ceb #dc1 #agc iii4 #f1 #caf99 #ad1 #aia iv4 #a1 #add #f1 #abi #af1 #agc #af1 #bb1 #bjd #bd1 #agh #cf1 #adb v4 #bd1 #ahc vi4 #g1 #abi #ab1 #add #ae1 #abi vii4 #ac1 #abi #af1 #ada #ag1 #ceb #de1 #ahf1 #ceb #df1 #aia viii4 #c1 #afg #e1 #caf99 #bj1 #adh ix4 #ac1 #afj #be1 #aga x4 #aa1 #ahj #ae1 #adf1 #afj #ag1 #add #ai1 #caf99 xi4 #e1 #ahj #aa1 #add #ab1 #adf #af1 #adc #ag1 #adb xii4 #g1 #add #ac1 #aie #ag1 #afb #bj1 #aib #be1 #caf99 xiii4 #bh1 #aia xiv4 #i1 #afa xvi4 #af1 #aie #bi1 #aib xvii4 #e1 #add #ai1 #adc #bh1 #caf99 #bi1 #abh #ca1 #aej1 #afj xviii4 #b1 #bd1 #adb #g1 #ec-d9999 xix4 #ab1 #adj xx4 #bh1 #cec-d99 xxi4 #cg1 #adi xxii4 #ac1 #add #ae1 #ceb #bj1 #add xxiii4 #a1 #abi #c1 #afi #aa1 #bg1 #add xxv4 #ac1 #caf99 xxvi4 #bh1 #bi1 #aea-b99 xxvii4 #ad1 #agf #bf1 #afg #cg1 #ea-c99991 #caf99 xxviii4 #a1 #agg-h9999 #b1 #add #c1 #agg #d1 #afj #aa1 #adg #ac1 #cag99 ,rom4 i4 #g1 #abg99 #g-xiii4 #a1 #ddj99 #bj1 #bjg iii4 #bb1 #afg #bi1 #afh iv4 #h1 #cae99 v4 #e1 #bjd vi4 #b1 #afj #c1 #afh vii4 #a1 #adb1 #afh #ae1 #adb-c ix4 #e41 #bjh1 #baj-d99991 #ced991 #dab991 #dfi1 #eaj #ac1 #afj #bb1 #afg xi4 #b1 #adb #d1 #aef xii4 #f1 #afg xii4 #i1 #bad xiv4 #d1 #afg #ae1 #adc xv4 #bj1 #afg xvi4 #bc1 #abg #be1 #adc #be1 #bf1 #dfd #a ,cor4 i4 #bg1 #afj iv4 #ba1 #dda99 vi4 #bj1 #afj viii4 #f1 #agd ix4 #aa1 #afj x4 #a1 #afg xii4 #h-aj1 #aff #bj1 #afg1 #afh #bg1 #afg xiii41 #bja-b #c1 #caf99 xiv4 #g1 #adh #cf1 #afh xv4 #cd1 #ada1 #agh #dd1 #adb #ee1 #adb1 #ddj99 xvi4 #ab1 #afd991 #agj #bb1 #ahj #b ,cor4 i4 #c-g1 #ahi #d1 #ceb #bc1 #afg ii4 #ab1 #afg iii4 #c1 #adj99 v4 #h1 #afg #ag1 #ai1 #ddj99 vi4 #aa1 #ddj99 #ab1 #aec #ac1 #afg #ae1 #aec viii4 #aa1 #ad1 #dda99 xii4 #g1 #bai-bj9999 xiii4 #a1 #afi ,gal4 ii4 #d1 #afg #af1 #adf iii4 #a1 #ddj99 iv4 #ba-ca1 #aif ,eph4 i4 #a41 #cag99 #f1 #ceb #aj1 #agc iii4 #ac1 #aib #ba1 #agh iv4 #a1 #afg1 #ceb #ad1 #aii #ag1 #agh #bj1 #afj #bi1 #agh vi4 #af1 #bad ,phil4 i4 #a1 #abi #h1 #aec #ae1 #aci #ah1 #abh ii4 #f1 #adc #aj1 #eac99 #bc1 #adf iii4 #af1 #abh iv4 #c1 #ddj99 ,col4 i4 #i1 #aib #af1 #agb1 #agd #bc1 #dda99 #bg1 #dig-h99 ii4 #h1 #abh #ah1 #cee-f99991 #adj #bb1 #bc1 #dda99 iii4 #b1 #dda99 #ab1 #aec #a ,!ss4 i4 #i1 #dda99 iv4 #ae1 #abg #b ,!ss4 i4 #c1 #abg #a ,tim4 ii4 #b1 #dhi99 #aj1 #ddj99 #ag1 #ddj99 #ai1 #dci99 iii4 #a1 #dda99 #ac to iv4 #e1 #dgf #af1 #ih-ajf9999991 #afe1 #caf991 #cec1 #dai1 #dbd-eja9999991 #eae1 #eai99 iv4 #a1 #b1 #ddj99 #aj1 #dci99 #ad1 #dda99 v4 #ac1 #dda99 vi4 #ae1 #dda99 #bj1 #cdd #bj1 #ddj99 #b ,tim4 i4 #ac1 #bh1 #cea99 ii4 #a1 #adc #ag1 #be1 #ddj99 iii4 #f1 #dda99 #af1 #bjh-i iv4 #c1 #afd #ag1 #aff #ah1 #bae ,titus i4 #b1 #agh99 #b1 #c1 #adc #d1 #adc #g1 #abh #g1 #i1 #afd #ac1 #dci99 ii4 #a1 #afd ,philemon1 v]4 #ab1 #aec ,heb4 i4 #a1 #b1 #agb #b1 #agd #h1 #ahb ii4 #d1 #bjd #ad1 #baf #af1 #adc iii4 #ai1 #afi iv4 #h1 #afb1 #ahf vi4 #b1 #aii viii4 #b1 #ahj ix4 #bd1 #ahj x4 #ba1 #ahc xi4 #ag1 #afj1 #afa #ag1 #bh1 #afc #bf1 #adf #bh1 #afj #ce1 #adc #ch1 #ada xii4 #b1 #adf #i1 #afd #ad1 #afd #ah1 #agh xiii4 #i1 #aii ,s4 ,james i4 #aa1 #afc1 #agj #ae1 #afd #ag1 #cag99 #ag1 #ah1 #bag ii4 #b1 #c1 #aij #f1 #afj #aa1 #eaa99 #af1 #abh #ai1 #adh iii4 #c1 #adj #e1 #adc #aa1 #afd iv4 #a1 #adc #g1 #abi v4 #af1 #ada #a ,s4 ,pet] i4 #e1 #ada #bc1 #baf99 ii4 #b1 #agi #bb1 #dfg iii4 #bj1 #agh v4 #i1 #abi #ac1 #abi1 #ada #b ,s4 ,pet] i4 #e-g1 #agd1 #djj #bj1 #agi ii4 #ae1 #adb #bb1 #ajf1 #cce iii4 #g1 #agh #aj1 #cee-f9999 #ac1 #afg #a ,s4 ,john i4 #b1 #afi #c1 #afg ii4 #ad1 #afj99 #bb1 #afd #bg1 #afi #bi1 #cdg iii4 #d1 #adc #h1 #abi1 #baf #i1 #cdg #ae1 #cei #ag1 #aec iv4 #c1 #f1 #abg #g1 #cdg #ad1 #abi #ai1 #adj v4 #a1 #cdg #b1 #abg1 #abi #d1 #cdg #f1 #afd #g1 #dhc #ab1 #afd #ah1 #cdg-ej9999 #bj1 #dfi #c ,s4 ,john #a1 #abi #ad1 #aed ,s4 ,jude #a1 #abi #e1 #adj #f1 #bjg #ad1 #agh #ah1 #abi ,rev4 ii4 #e1 #adc iii4 #b1 #adj iv4 #f1 #adc v4 #ab1 #adc vi4 #i1 #abg viii4 #ac1 #ahc ix4 #ac1 #ahc xiii4 #ah1 #ace-g9999 xiv4 #f1 #afe #ad1 #afe #ai1 #agb xv4 #f1 #adj xvi4 #ag1 #agb1 #aii xvii4 #a1 #bjj xviii4 #ba1 #ahc #bb1 #adh xix4 #f1 #abi1 #afb #ag1 #ahc #ba1 #abi xxii4 #ah1 #ai1 #a #ai1 #dji ,,index ,,ii1 ,,( ,,fa!rs4 ,fa!rs ref]r$ to1 or else quot$79971 9 ?is volume4 ,= ! *ief ,editions employ$1 see ! note at p4 #aba4 ,acta ,apo/t4 7,syriac71 #dj1 #fb1 #hd1 #dbc ,philippi1 #hd ,pilati1 #de1 #fb1 #hd1 #dbc ,alcimus ,avit41 #bac ,ambrosius1 #bd1 #dj1 #gc1 #gi1 #he1 #hg1 #ij1 #ia1 #ib1 #abc1 #acb1 #acc1 #bac1 #bae991 #bah1 #daj1 #dbc ,ammonius1 #bc1 #bi1 #hh991 #hi1 #ia ,amphilo*ius1 #acc1 #bac ed4 ,combefis ps4 ----1 #he ,anaphora ,pilati1 #fb ,ana/asius ,ant41 #bac ed4 ,migne ,s941 #dd1 #ha1 #hd1 #dba ed4 ,migne ,&reas ,cret41 #bc1 #dd1 #hd1 #dba ed4 ,combefis ,anonym\s1 #dc1 #ajj1 #ajb ,antio*us mon41 #hd1 #cfj ed4 ,migne ,aphraates1 #dj1 #dc1 #acc1 #dba1 #dbc ,apo/olical1 see 8,con/itutiones40 ,ar*elaus 7) ,manes71 #hd ,arius1 #hj ,a!nagoras1 #daj ,a?anasius1 #dd1 #fb1 #fd1 #hj1 #hd1 #ij1 #ia1 #aba1 #abb1 #abc1 #acc1 #bab1 #bbj1 #cei ps4 ----1 #acc1 #djb1 #dge ,augu/9us1 #bd1 #dj1 #ha1 #he1 #ij1 #ia1 #ib1 #aaf991 #abc1 #acb1 #acc1 #bac1 #cef1 #cfj1 #daj1 #dbc1 #ejj99 ,b>nabas1 #ajc991 #dfc99 ,basilius ,m41 #dd1 #gi1 #hd1 #ia1 #ajb991 #ajh1 #abb1 #abc1 #acc1 #baj991 #bab1 #bah1 #bai1 #cfj1 #djb1 #dfd99 ---- ,cil41 #acc ---- ,sel41 #dc1 #dba ,brevi>ium1 #bac ,capreolus1 #acc ,cassianus1 #ha1 #acc1 #bac1 #cdh1 #daa ed4 #afaa ,cle/9us1 #bah ,cs>ius1 #bab1 #bae99 ps4 ----1 #ee1 #gd1 #ha ,cat5a 7,cram]'s71 #cec ,*romatius1 #cdh ,*ronicon ,pas*ale1 #dj1 #gd1 #cec ed4 ,du ,fresne ,*ryso/omus1 #e1 #bc1 #bf1 #bg1 #dj1 #dc1 #dd1 #ec1 #ee1 #fb991 #ga991 #gb1 #gd1 #hj1 #hd1 #ij1 #ia1 #ib1 #ii1 #aja991 #ajh1 #aba1 #abb1 #abc1 #acc1 #aea991 #aeb991 #agg1 #bab1 #bah1 #bai1 #bbj1 #cec1 #cef1 #cfj1 #djb1 #daj1 #dba1 #dbc1 #deg ps4 ----1 #he1 #ij1 #acc1 #bah1 #cfj1 #djb1 #dbg ,clem5s1 ,alex41 #aae1 #aba1 #bjh991 #bah1 #cbg1 #ccf991 #daj ---- ,rom1 #ch99 ---- ---- 7,syriac71 #ia ,clem5t9a1 #hd ,concilia ed4 ,labbe et ,coss>t passim4 ,con/itutiones ,apo/olic1 #dc1 #hd1 #bab1 #cfj1 #daj1 #dba1 #dbc1 #dfc99 ,cosmas ,indicopleu/es1 #dd1 #fc1 #acc1 #dba ed4 ,montfaucon ---- ep4 ,maium1 #dd1 #dba ,cram]1 see ,cat5a4 ,cyprianus1 #bac1 #bah1 #cei ,cyrillus ,alex41 #e1 #bc1 #dc1 #ee1 #fb1 #gi1 #hj1 #hd1 #hf1 #hi1 #ij1 #if1 #ajb991 #ajc1 #aba1 #abb1 #acb1 #acc1 #afc1 #bac1 #bah1 #bai1 #bbj1 #cec1 #cef1 #cfj1 #djb1 #daj1 #dba1 #dbc1 #dbg1 #dbh991 #dfd-dfi9999 ---- ,hi]os1 #dc1 #fb1 #gb1 #abc1 #aea991 #agg1 #dba1 #dgj ,damasc5us1 see 8,johannes40 ,damasus1 ,p4 #ib ,dialogus1 #bjh991 #djb ,didymus1 #e1 #dj1 #dc1 #hj1 #aja1 #abb1 #abc1 #acc1 #bab1 #bai1 #cdh1 #djb1 #dba1 #dbc1 #dbg1 #def ,diodorus ,t>s41 #aja1 #deh ,dionysius ,alex41 #afc ps4 ---- ----1 #bc1 #hj1 #aja1 #acc1 #bab1 #dfb99 ps4 ---- ---- ,areop41 #hj1 #hd ,ea/]n ,bi%ops at ,ephesus collectively 7,a4,d4 #dca71 #dc1 #hj1 #dba ,epiphanius1 #dj1 #dc1 #dd1 #gd1 #gi1 #hj1 #ij1 #if1 #aaf1 #abb1 #abc1 #acc1 #bab1 #cfj1 #djb1 #dba1 #dbc1 #dbg ps4 ----1 #dbg ---- diac4 ,catan4 ,a4,d4 #ghg1 #ajb1 #ajc1 #dge ,ephraemus ,syrus1 #dc1 #fb1 #fd1 #hj1 #hb991 #hd1 #abb1 #abc1 #bae991 #cdh1 #cfj1 #dba ps4 ---- ----1 #hd1 #cec1 #dbc ,eulogius1 #dd1 #bab1 #dba ,eusebius ,cs41 #e1 #bc1 #dj1 #dc1 #fb991 #gb1 #hj1 #hd1 #hf1 #hg1 #hh991 #hi1 #ij1 #if1 #ajh1 #abb1 #acf1 #afc1 #bah1 #bai1 #cbc-cbd99991 #cec1 #cei1 #daj1 #dba1 #dbc ---- ,8 ,canons1 #ia ,eu/a?ius1 #acc1 #bab ,eu?alius1 #ajb1 #deh1 #dei-dfa9999 ,eu!rius1 #hd1 #ajc1 #dbg ,eu?ymius ,zig41 #cfj1 #daj1 #dfe1 #dgf99 ed4 ,mat?i ,facundus1 #ha1 #bac ,fau/us1 #aae ,f]r&us1 #bac1 #ejj99 ,fulg5tius1 #bac1 #ejj99 ,gaud5tius1 #bd ,gelasius ,cyzic41 #ajj1 #bac1 #dgi ,g5nadius1 #hj1 #bac ,g]manus ,,cp41 #dd1 #abb1 #dba ,gospel ( ,nicodemus1 #fb ,greg5tius1 #dbc ,gregorius ,nazianz41 #bc1 #dc1 #gc991 #hj1 #aja991 #aba1 #acd1 #dba1 #deg ps ---- ----1 #afc1 #bbj ---- ,nyss541 #bc1 #dj1 #dc1 #dd1 #hd1 #hg1 #hi1 #aja991 #abc1 #acd1 #bjh991 #bab1 #cfj1 #daj1 #dba1 #def1 #deh ---- ,?aum41 #dd1 #de1 #ajb991 #dfc99 ,hegesippus1 #hd ,hesy*ius1 #hd1 #afc1 #dbc ,hi]onymus1 #bd1 #dj1 #da1 #fc991 #fd991 #gc991 #gi991 #ha1 #he1 #ij1 #ib1 #ajc991 #ajh1 #abc991 #acc1 #bac1 #cdh1 #cef1 #cei1 #cfj991 #dbc1 #dbg ,hil>ius1 #gi1 #ha1 #he1 #ia1 #ib1 #aae1 #acc1 #bac1 #bah1 #bha1 #cfj1 #daj ,hippolytus1 #fb1 #fd1 #hj1 #hd1 #ajb991 #acc1 #acf1 #bab1 #cec1 #dbc1 #dfc99 ,ignatius1 #ajc991 #dfc99 ps4 ----1 #hd ,johannes ,damasc5us1 #dd1 #ha1 #he1 #ia1 #ajb1 #abc1 #acc1 #agg1 #bac1 #bbj1 #cef1 #cfj1 #dba1 #deg ---- ,!ssal41 #if1 #dbc ,ir5u1 #db1 #fd991 #hj1 #hd1 #abb1 #acb1 #bab1 #bbj1 #cec1 #cef1 #cei1 #dji1 #dbj1 #dbc ,isidorus1 #bc1 #gd1 #abc991 #cfj1 #daj ,jovius mon41 #ib ,julian hret41 #hj ,julius ,africanus1 #fb991 #fd ,ju/9us ,m>t41 #gi1 #hj1 #aae1 #aba1 #cfj1 #daj1 #dbc ps4 ---- ----1 #hd1 #ij ,juv5cus1 #ia1 #ajh1 #aae ,lactantius1 #aae ,leo ep41 #bac1 #dbc ---- ap4 ,sabati]1 #da ,leontius ,byz41 #ha1 #bac1 #dbc1 #dhj ,lib]atus ( ,c>?age1 #dga-c ,lucif] ,cal>it1 #acc1 #cfj1 #daj ,mac>ius ,magnes1 #dj1 #fb991 #bbj1 #dbc ed4 #ahgf ,mac$onius1 #dgj-dge99991 #ajb1 #ajc ,mal*ion1 #bab ,m>cion1 #cd1 #ce1 #fa1 #fd1 #if1 #djb ,m>ius ,m]cator1 #acc1 #bac1 #dbc1 #dfh ---- ,victor9us1 #ejj99 ,m>t9us ,p41 #dba1 #dgc ,maximus1 #bc1 #gi1 #ha1 #hd ---- ,taur91 #ia1 #acc1 #bac1 #bai1 #bbj1 #cfj ,me?odius1 #dd1 #aae1 #bab ed4 ,combefis ,mode/us ,hi]41 #dbc ,ne/orius1 #hj1 #aba1 #bab1 #dbc1 #dbg ,nicetas1 #abc ,nilus mon41 #fb1 #cei1 #daj ,nonnus1 #bc1 #acc1 #bah1 #cec ,novatianus1 #acc1 #bac cum5ius1 #ajb1 #cdh1 #dgf ,orig5es1 #bc1 #da1 #dc1 #eh1 #fj1 #fb991 #fc99991 #fd1 #gb1 #hd1 #hg1 #ib1 #abb991 #acc1 #acf1 #afc1 #bjh991 #bab1 #bai1 #bbj1 #cdh1 #cec1 #cef1 #cei1 #cfj1 #djb1 #daj1 #dba1 #dbg ,opus imp]f41 #he1 #ia ,pacianus1 #daj ,palladius1 ! ,arian1 #bac ,pamphilus ,cs41 #agg ,papias1 #dbc ,pas*ale1 see 8,*ronicon40 ,patricius1 #dbc ,paul9us1 #ha ,paulus ,emes41 #dc1 #hj1 #acc1 #bac1 #dba ,phila/rius1 #bd1 #cfj ,philo1 #dc1 #dba ,photius ,,cp41 #ha1 #abc1 #cfj ,porphyrius1 #acb ,proclus ,,cp41 #dc1 #abc ,prosp]1 #dbc ,salvianus1 #cfj ,s$ulius1 #bd ,sev]ianus ,gabal41 #acb1 #bab ,sev]us ,ant41 #bc1 #dj1 #hi1 #ajb991 #acc1 #bac1 #cdh1 #cfj1 #deh ps4 ,tatianus1 #hj1 #hd1 #abb1 #abc1 #djb ed4 ,moes+]1 #ahgf ,t]tullianus1 #fb991 #ij991 #ia1 #ib1 #abj1 #abb1 #bjh991 #bac991 #bae991 #daj1 #dbc ,titus ,bo/r41 #dc1 #dba ,!odoretus1 #dc1 #ee1 #gi1 #hj1 #hd1 #ia1 #ajb1 #abb1 #acc1 #aeb991 #bac1 #bah1 #bai1 #bbj1 #ccf1 #cef1 #cfj1 #daj1 #dba1 #def1 #deh99 ,!odorus ,h]ac41 #hd1 #ib1 #acc ---- hret41 #ha ---- ,mops41 #bc1 #fb1 #hj1 #ajc1 #aba1 #acc1 #bab1 #cef1 #cfj1 #dhj-dhb99 ---- ,/udita ed4 ,sirmondi1 #dge ,!odosius ,alex41 #ha ,!odotus ,ancyr41 #dc1 #bab1 #dba ---- ,gno/icus1 #ajb99 ,!ophilus ,alex41 #bab ---- ,ant41 #daj ,!ophylactus1 #ajb1 #adg1 #cdh1 #cfj1 #daj1 #dgf ed4 ,v5et4 #agee ,victor ,antio*41 #bc1 #dj1 #ff991 #acb1 #dji1 #dbc ,victor9us1 #acc1 #bac ,victricius1 #bah ,vigilius1 #acc1 #cdh ,v9c5tius1 #dbc ,z5o1 #acc ,,index ,,iii1 ,,p]sons1 ,,places1 ,,& ,,subjects4 ,g5]al ,index ( ,p]sons1 ,places1 & ,subjects ref]r$ to 9 ?is ,volume4 ,b ,scriptural ,ref]5ces are to be s\ght 9 ,,index ,i42 & ,patri/ic ,ref]5ces1 9 ,,index ,,ii4 ',new ,codices' w be f\nd enum]at$ 9 ! ,,app5dix4 8,a10 see 8,alex&r9us40 & ,b3 see 8,b10 & 8,antiquity40 ,a ,b ,c ,d1 9 conflict1 #ab1 #ac1 #ad1 #af-g1 #cj-a1 #df-g1 #ge-h1 #id-e1 #aag1 #bdi1 #bfb1 #bfe1 #bhi1 #chf 8,abutor01 #adf ,acacius1 ,bp4 ( ,melit5e1 #agh ,accid5t1 #ej-f ?iopic1 see 8,v]sion40 1 #bja-b 1 #bjg 1 #aia-c 1 #ahb1 #bjh 1 #bjg 1 #bjj-a ,alex&] 7,dr471 ,bp4 ( ,d]ry1 #ajg-h 8,alex&rian0 read+s1 #bga-b1 #ceg ,alex&r9us 7cod47 7,a71 #aa-ag1 #cde-cdg1 #dca-g 1 #ahj ,al=d 7,dean71 #cha1 #def1 #dih ,allocution1 #dac-e ,alt]ations1 yet n improvem5ts1 #aci-adc ,ammonius1 #bi ,amos 79 ,s4 ,matt1 i471 #ahf 1 #ahd ,amphilo*ius1 #baj 1 #ahb 1 #aci 1 #ade ,ana/asius 7,imp471 #dgb-c ,anci5t ,au?ority1 see 8,ellicott40 8,ancoratus01 #dbg ,&rewes1 ,bp41 #ejj ,antio*1 #che1 #cia 8,antio*ian10 see 8,syrian40 8,antiquity01 #ccc 1 #abi ,anziani 7,dr471 #dde1 #dib ,aori/1 #aeh-fj1 #afb 1 #adf 1 #aic-e ,apol9>is1 #def1 #deh ,apollonides1 #cbc-d 1 #aie 1 #ddh 8,apo/olus01 #ddf-h1 #dgf-h1 #dhb1 #dia4 ,see ! ,,app5dix4 ,aram 79 ,s4 ,matt4 i471 #ahf ,argum5t e sil5tio1 #dfi ,arm5ian1 see ,v]sion4 ,article1 !1 #afd-e ,articles 7,?ree7 9 ! 8,qu>t]ly ,review10 _! hi/ory pref4 ix-xiv 1 #agi 1 #ahj ,asaph 79 ,s4 ,matt4 i471 #ahf-g ,asclepiades1 #cbc-d 8,ask0 771 #aga-c 8,assass9s01 #adg ,assimilation1 #cb1 #fe-fi ----1 pro(s (1 #ff 1 #abi 8,attraction01 #cea-b 1 #adh ,au?ority1 7anci5t7 see 8,ellicott40 1 #afe 8,b10 see 8,vaticanus40 ,b & 7codd471 s9i/] resemblance1 #ab ,b & 1 #ab1 #bee-g1 #cae-bj1 #ccc1 #ceg1 #cfa1 #cfe1 #djh1 #daj ,b&9el 7,dr471 #dde 8,bapti/0 ,revis]s1 #ejd-e ,baptismal ,r5unciation1 #bae ,basil to ,amphilo*ius1 #baj ,basilides1 #bi ,beckett1 ,sir ,edmund1 #ch1 #bbb ,bel%eim1 ,dr4 ,j41 #ddd1 #dec1 #dic ,b5gel 7,j4 ,a471 #bdf1 #ejj ,b5tley1 ,dr4 ,r41 #dcb1 #dfg1 #dii ,b]l9 7see 8,de ,boor071 #dib1 #dic ,b]riman1 ,dr4 ,j41 #dcb1 #dcc1 #ddf1 #dfh1 #dgd1 #dhj1 #ejj ,be!sda1 #e ,bev]idge 7,bp471 #cea1 #ejj ,bey] 7,dr471 #dgg ,bez1 cod4 7,d71 #aa-g1 #gg-i1 #aag1 #bfd-e ,bir* 7,&reas71 #bdf1 #chc1 #dfg ,blund]s1 #adi1 #aej1 #ahj1 #aha2--agb1 #agf1 #agg1 c4 ,bois 7,john71 #bbh 8,bondmaid01 #aif 8,boon01 #bag 8,b[ls01 #bjj 8,bran*01 #ahd ,br\ghton 7,hugh71 #eac ,bull 7,bp471 #bab1 #ejj 8,c10 see 8,ephraemi40 ,caius 7,a4,d4 #age7 on ! ,text1 #cbc-d ,cambridge1 ,codex 7,d71 see1 ,bez4 8---- ,greek ,text01 ,pref4 xxviii ,capp] 7,s4 ,h]b]t71 ,esq41 #dib ,cappilli 7,sig471 #dia-b ,c>ob tree1 #aha ,ca/an 7,m471 #dgg ,ca/iglione1 #deb ,catalogue ( ,crypta ,f]rata1 #ddg ,c$ron1 #aha ,c]iani 7,dr471 #cha1 #deb1 #dgg1 #dia-b-c4 ,see ! ,,app5dix4 ,*anges 7lic5ti\s71 #abg1 #djc-g 8,*>ity01 #bja-b 1 #ahb ,*ronicle ( ,convocation1 #ejg 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly0 7#ahhb71 ,pref4 xvi 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly10 7#ahhc71 ,pref4 xvi-xx41 xxiv-vii4 ,citations1 see 8,fa!rs40 ,clem5s1 ,alex41 #cbf-g1 #cbg-ca ,codd4 ,b----,a--,c--,d1 #aa-ag1 #cj1 #ajh1 #bdi1 #bfb1 #bfi-ga ---- ,f & ,g1 #dch-dc ---- ,paul #gc1 #ddd ---- ---- #aha1 #ddd-e ---- new1 see ! ,,app5dix4 ,collation ( ,,mss41 #abe1 #bdf-g2 ) ! ,receiv$ ,text1 #bdi-ej1 #bfb ,complut5sian1 #cia 8,conflate read+s01 #beh-fe 8,conflation0 exam9$1 #beh-fe1 #bhe 8,congregationali/0 ,revis]s1 #ejd-e ,conjectural em5dation1 #cea-g ,cons5t ( copies 7see 8,fa!rs071 #ded-e 8,conv]santibus01 #agf ,cook1 7,canon71 #bjd-e1 #bad1 #bcd1 #cgb1 #cha1 #dgj1 #ejb ,cornelius ,lapide1 #dgc ,corruptions 9 ! ,n4 ,t41 #ccd-e ,cotel]ius1 #dgc ,coxe 7,rev4 ,h4 ,o471 #cjf1 #dde1 #dia ,cozza-,luzi 7,abbate71 #ddg1 #dgg1 #dia-b-c1 see ! ,,app5dix4 ,cranbrook1 ,visc\nt1 page v-viii ,creyk 7,john71 #dcc 8,crib01 #bch ,cross1 title on1 #he-h ,crux criticorum1 !1 #ih ,crypta ,f]rata1 #ddg1 #dgc-d1 #dgh1 #eba 8,d10 see 8,bez40 1 #agi ,d>kness1 #fb-d ,d>tige 7,m471 #dic ,dat$ codices1 #bib 1 #afg-h ,deane 7,rev4 ,h471 #dej1 #dha1 #dhi ,de ,boor 7,dr4 ,c471 #dib-c ,def9ite1 see ,article4 ,delicate di/9ction1 #djb ,demoniacal possession1 #bjf ,d5is 7,m471 #dic ,d]ry 7,bp4 (71 see ,alex&]4 ,design1 #ef-fe 1 #gc 8,devil01 #bad-f 1 #agj1 #agc-d1 see ,dialogue 7suppos$71 #cbj-h1 #cbh-db ,diatess>on1 see 8,tatian40 1 #aii 1 #agi 1 #aii 1 #djg ,dionysius ,alex41 #dfa-b 1 #adg ,diss]tation on #a ,tim4 iii4 #af ,pref4 xxi-iv1 #dbd-eja ,div9ation4 ,see 8,v]ify+ faculty40 8,doctr9e0 extirpat$1 #aii 1 #agi 1 #bjd ,dubl9 7,abp4 (71 see ,tr5*4 int]rogative1 #afh-i ,ebionite ,gospel1 #aaf ,ecclesia/ical ,tradition1 #die ,eclipse1 #fc-e ,editions ( ,fa!rs1 #aba 1 #aei ,egyptian1 see ,v]sion4 = 1 #adj 1 #cei-fa 1 #eaa-b 1 #ahc 1 #fc-e 1 #aci 1 #adi ,ellicott 7,bp4 ( ,gl\ce/]71 on ! 8old uncials01 #ad-e ---- on ! ,a4 ,v41 #aab1 #cfh ---- on 8,revision0 xlii1 #aab1 #abd1 #abf1 #bbf-h1 #cfh ---- on 8,m>g9al ,read+s01 #acf-g ---- on 8,textus ,receptus01 #chc-h1 #chi-ia ---- on #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 #dbh-ca ---- on #b ,tim4 iii4 #af1 #bji ---- on ,textual ,criticism1 #bcd ---- on 8innoc5t ,ignorance01 #cdi-ej ---- on ! ,greek ,text1 #cfi1 #eji ---- on 8,eu?alius01 #dfj-a ---- 8 jaunty proposal1 #baf ---- 8 ,pamphlet ,pref4 xx-xxii1 #cfi seq4 ,ellicott1 8 critical k1 #cgj1 #cgf1 #che1 #dcj1 #deg1 #dei-fa1 #dga-b1 ,d$ication p4 viii ---- 8 requirem5t anticipat$1 #cga1 #cig ---- 8 me?od ( proc$ure1 #cgb-d1 #dai-bd1 #dei-fa ---- me?od ( 8 ,review]1 #cge-chc1 #dif-g1 #eag1 ,pref4 xxiv-vii ---- appeals to ,mod]n ,op9ion1 in/ead ( to ,anci5t ,au?ority1 #cgf-h1 #dae-f1 #dch-i1 #dhc-e1 #ead-e ---- foll[s ,dr4 ,hort1 #cia-h1 #dee1 #eag-h ---- compla9s ( ,inju/ice1 #cii1 #djj-ac ---- sugge/$ ,allocution1 #dac-e ---- 8 def5ce ( ! 8,new ,greek ,text10 exam9$ #dae-i1 #dai-bd 1 #adj 1 its diff]5t r5d]+s1 #aga-b 1 #aea-b ,engli% idiom1 #aed-e1 #aeh-ge 1 #dbg1 #dfh 1 #add ,ephraemi cod4 7,c71 #aa-ag1 #cbe 8,epileptic01 #bje-f 1 #ade ,epiphanius1 #dbg 1 #add see ,scriv5]1 ed4 #c1 pp4 #eha-b1 #ff-i ,errors 7pla9 & cle>71 #c1 #d1 #aje1 #adh1 #agb1 #baf1 #bbb-c1 #bbh1 #cdh1 #djj-a1 #dcj1 #dif1 #eab ,es*] 7,dr471 #dic 1 #fa 1 #aej 8,et]nal01 #bjg ,et]nity1 #bjh ,e?iopic1 see 8,v]sion40 ,eudocia1 #dfe 8,euraquilo01 #agf 1 #cef ,euripides 7papyrus (71 #cba-b 8,euroclydon01 #agf ,eu?alius1 #dbi1 #dfj-a ,eu!rius1 #dbg 1 #aec-d ,eu?ymius ,zigab5us4 ,see ,,index ,,ii4 8,ev]la/+01 #bjg 8,evil ,"o01 #bad-f 1 #djb 1 #ahd ,exodus1 #ahd ,ext]nal evid5ce1 #ai-bj 8,f0 & 8,g0 7codd471 #beg 8,factor ( ,g5ealogy01 #bef ,f>r>1 ,canon 7n[ ,ar*d471 ,pref4 xv ,fa!rs1 #aba1 #abe-f1 see ,,index ,,ii4 ,fell 7,bp471 #dcb ,field 7,dr471 #adf1 #adh1 #afc1 #agg1 #ahj1 #chb ,flor5ce1 see 8,anziani40 ,flute-play]s1 #adh ,=/emann 7,dr471 #dda1 #dic ,future s5se1 #afc-d ,gabel5tz & ,loebe1 #deb ,g&ell 7,pr(essor71 #ahd ,g>diani 7,sig471 #dib 1 #cdg ,gelasius ( ,cyzicus1 #dgi1 see ,,index ,,ii4 8,g5ealogical ,evid5ce01 #bec & 1 #aai-bb 1 #cdg 1 #adb ,geographical di/ribution ( ,patri/ic ,te/imony1 #de1 #acd ,gif=d 7,dr471 #bad 1 #adi ,gl\ce/] 7,bp4 (71 see 8,ellicott40 1 #bja 8,,god bless$ = ev]061 #baa ,gorresio 7,sig471 #dib ,gospel incid5t1 #aid-e ---- 7! ,ebionite71 #aaf ---- ( ! ,hebrews1 #bi ,go?ic1 see ,v]sion4 8,grco-,syrian10 see 8,syrian40 8,great prie/01 #ahb ,gre51 ,rev4 ,t4 ,s41 #dii ,gregory 7,dr4 ,c4 ,r471 #dgg ,gregory ,naz41 #gc ,griesba* 7,j4 ,j471 #chj1 #def1 #dhb1 #dhc ,hall1 ,bp41 #ejj ,hammond 7,dr471 #dcb1 #ejj ,head+s ( ! ,*apt]s1 #bbc1 #dab ,hell5i/ic ,greek1 #ahb-d1 ,see 8,septuag9t40 ,h5d]son 7,dr471 #ejj ,h]acleon1 #bi ,h]mophilus1 #cbc-d ,h]odotus1 #fe ,hesy*ius1 #bi1 #afc ,hil>y on 1 #bha ,h9cm>1 ,abp4 ( ,rheims1 #dgb ,ho]n+ 7,dr471 #dec ',,holy ,,gho/'1 #bjd ,hort1 ,dr41 #cg1 #ace1 #ahb1 #baa1 #bdh1 #cid1 7see ,we/cott & ,hort74 ---- hypo!sis & sy/em1 see rev]se ( ,title-page4 ---- 8 8,introduction0 analyz$1 #bdf-fi ---- 8/rong pref]5ce0 = codd4 ,b & 1 #beb1 #bfi-bga1 #bih-cje1 #cjg-h1 #cab-ad ---- mi/ak5 e/imate ( ,b & 1 #cae-bj ---- div9+ & v]ify+ faculty1 #bec1 #bij1 #bia1 #cjg-h ---- imag9>y hi/ory ( ! ,traditional ,greek ,text1 #bga-hh1 #bif-h ---- antagonism ) ,patri/ic ,antiquity1 #bhc-e1 #bih-cjj ---- fatal dilemma1 #bib-c ---- ,reit]ation1 #cjf ---- ultimate appeal to 8 own individual m9d1 #cjg-h ---- 8,art ( ,conjectural ,em5dation01 #cea-g ---- absurd ,textual hypo!sis1 #bic-d ---- intellectual peculi>ity1 #cfb ---- me?od ( edit+ ! ,greek ,text1 #cfc ---- ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t41 #cfd-e ---- (t5 =sak5 by ,dr4 ,we/cott1 #ceb ,hug 7,j4 ,l471 #cha ,hui% 7,alex471 #dcb ,idiom1 see 8,engli%40 7 71 #ahb ,imp]fect t5se1 #afa ,incid5t 7unsuspect$71 #aid-e 8,indep5d5t0 ,review]s1 #ejd-e 8,innoc5t ignorance0 ( ! ,review]1 #cdg-i1 #daa ,inspiration1 #bjh 8,in/ructions10 see 8,revis]s40 ,in/rum5tality 7ideas (71 #agc ,int]nal ,evid5ce1 #bec ,int]pret]s1 7mod]n71 #baa 8,intr9sic probability01 #bea-b ,jacobson 7,dr4 ,w47 ,bp4 ( ,*e/]1 #cg ,je*onias 79 ,matt4 i471 #ahf ,j]ome1 #gc1 #dbg1 #ddi 8,,jesus01 #ahd 8,joanes01 #aha ,john 7,s47 & ,s4 ,m>k1 #ahe ,jona 7son (71 #aha-b ,josephus1 #eb 1 #afi-gj ---- its =ce1 #bji 1 #agj ,kaye 7,bp47 on ,clem5s ,al41 #ccf 1 #aha 1 #cef 1 #aha ,kidron1 #aha ,kippax 7,rev4 ,john71 #dcc ,ki%on1 #aha 1 #aha ,k ( ,,*ri/ n limit$1 #baj 1 #ga-b ,la*mann's ,text1 #ba1 #bdb-c1 #bdf1 #bgj1 #chj-a ,lag>de 7,p4 ,a4 de71 #dic ---- ,analecta ,syr41 #dha ,lat9 ,v]sion1 #i ,laubmann 7,dr471 #dic ,lawr5ce 7,abp471 #chj 8,lay]s ( leaves01 #eh-fa 8,lecy?us01 #bja ,lee 7,ar*d47 on ,inspiration1 #bjh1 #bcj1 #chb ,leontius ,byzant9us1 #dhj1 see ,,index ,,ii4 ,lib]atus ( ,c>?age1 #dga-c ,lic5ti\s1 see 8,*anges40 ,lightfoot 7,dr47 ,bp4 ( ,durham1 #ade1 #dih1 ,pref4 xxxi4 ,limitation ( our ,,savi\r's k1 #baj ,l9coln 7,bp4 (71 see ,wordswor?4 1 #aha ,lloyd 7,bp47 ed4 ( ,n4 ,t41 ,pref4 xvii-ix1 #af ,,"l's ,pray]1 #cd-f1 #bad-f 8,love01 #bja-b ,lucian1 #bi ,luke 7,gospel accord+ to ,s471 #af1 #cd-e1 #ge-ia1 #bdi1 #djc-g 8,lunaticus01 #bje-f ,mac$onius1 #ajc1 #dgj-e1 #dhi ,mai 7,c>d471 #aba ,malan 7,dr4 ,s4 ,c471 #fg1 #abj1 #abc1 #abd1 #cdh1 #cef1 #chb1 #dea1 #dec-d ,mani*an depravation1 #bbj 8,m>ana?a01 #ahj ,m>cion1 #bi1 #cd-e1 #fa ,m>g91 #c-f1 #cc1 #aae1 #acj1 #aca1 #acg1 #age1 #bcf-g ,m>g9al ,ref]5ces1 #bbc1 #dab ,m>ius ,m]cator1 #dfh ,m>k 7,gospel accord+ to ,s471 #cj1 #bfb ---- collation ( #ae v]ses1 #cbg-ca ---- la/ ,twelve ,v]ses1 #cf-g1 #ci-dj1 #dh1 #di1 #ea1 ,d$4 vii1 ,pref4 xxiii ---- & ,s4 ,john1 #ahe ,m>t9 7,abb71 #chb1 #ddf1 #dgd1 #dgg1 #dgh1 #dib1 #ebh ,m>t9 ,i4 7,pope71 #dba1 #dgc ,massmann 7,h4 ,f471 #dec ,matranga 7,papas ,filippo71 #dgg1 #dib1 see ! ,,app5dix1 p4 #ebb-c ,mat?i 7,c4 ,f471 #bdf ---- ---- ,s*olia1 #cdh1 #chj1 #dbg1 #dcd1 #dfe1 #dfh ,mat!w 7,s47 *ap4 i4 7,greek71 #aai-bd1 #ahf ---- ---- 7,engli%71 #aef-g1 #ahf ,m$ial ag5cy1 #agc ,melita & ,melit5e1 #agg-h ,m5&]1 #cfa ,m]ivale 7,dean71 #bcj ,mess9a1 see 8,matranga03 & p4 #ebc 1 #ahc ,middleton 7,bp471 #afe1 #bji ,milan 7see 8,c]iani071 #deb1 #dgg1 #dia-b-c ,mill 7,dr4 ,john71 #bde1 #chc1 #dcb1 #dcg1 #dgb1 #ejj ---- on cod4 ,d1 #ac ---- 7,dr4 ,w4 ,h471 #ced ,milligan 7,dr471 #ci1 #dh 8,miracle01 #bjb-d 1 #aig-i ,mob]ly 7,dr47 ,bp4 ( ,salisbury1 #ajf1 #bbh-i ,mod5a1 see 8,cappilli03 & p4 #ebc ,mod]n ,int]pret]s1 #daa ---- ,op9ion1 see 8,ellicott40 1 #ahb ,montfaucon1 #aba 8,moreh01 #ahj ,mori] 7,sir ,rob]t71 #dib 1 #ahj 1 #aha ,mutilation1 #fi-ic ,my/ical int]pretation1 #ahe 1 #ahd-e ,naz>e?1 #ahd 8,necessity0 ( ,revision1 #abg1 #aej1 #bbc1 #bbh ,ne$less *anges1 #hg-h1 #bbd-e2 #ig1 #bbd-e1 #cii1 #djc-g 1 #ajh ,nemesis ( sup]/ition1 #cej 8,nets]01 #ahd 8,neutral0 read+s1 #bga-b1 #ceg 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion01 #bbe-f 8,new ,greek ,text01 #acj1 #bbd-e ,new? 7,dr471 #cg-i1 #aji1 #abf1 #cfi1 #ejb ,newton 7,sir ,isaac71 #dbf1 #dhj1 #ejj ,nilus ,rossan5sis1 #ddg ,n9ete5 *anges 9 #cd words1 #dja ,nom9ative repeat$1 #afe 8,non-,alex&rian0 read+s1 #ceg 8,non-,alex&rian ,pre-,syrian01 #ceg ,nons5sical r5d]+1 #bah 8,non-,we/]n01 #ceg-h ,notes 9 ! m>g91 #age ,num]als 9 ,,mss41 #eb-c 8,numb] ( ! ,bea/01 #ace 1 #acc ,occupation 7,"r (71 #aii-bjf 1 #aci 8,olivet01 #ahd ,ollivant 7,bp471 #adf ,omission1 int5tional1 #fi-ic 1 #aha 8,or0 n meant by 1 #afh-i ,op9ion1 7mod]n7 see 8,ellicott40 ,orig51 z a textual critic1 #bib 1 #afe & 1 9 ,,mss41 #ii-aje = 1 #adj 8,otium ,norvic5se10 see 8,field40 1 #ade 1 #aie-f 1 #eg ,palm] 7,ar*d471 #di1 #abf ,papyrus1 #cba-b 1 #agh 1 #aij ,p>alytic borne ( f\r1 #cj-c ,p>is cod41 see 8,ephraemi40 ----1 see 8,wes*]10 8,m>t940 ,p>quoi 7,m471 #dcg ,p>ticles 7,greek71 #aff 1 #bjh-i 1 #aeb 1 1 #cec ,paul 8#ag10 8#gc10 8#aha01 #ddc-h ---- 7,s471 ,codd41 #dic-d ---- ,new ,codd41 see ! ,,app5dix4 ,pe>son 7,bp471 #bab1 #dcb1 #dga1 #ejj ,peckov] 7,alex471 ,esq41 #dic ,p5]9o 7,sig471 #dib ,p]fect 7,engli%71 #aeh-fj ---- 7,greek71 #afc 1 #ahd ,p][ne1 7,dean71 ,pref4 xxx ,p]v]t$ s5se1 #bah-i 8,phaseolus vulg>is01 #aha ,phavor9us1 #adj ,photius1 #dfg 1 #bjj 8,pi/ic n>d01 #ahd 8,pla9 & cle>10 see 8,errors40 1 #ade ,plup]fect s5se ( ,aori/1 #afb ,pond]>i deb5t te/es1 #dee 1 7 71 #bad-f ,possession 7,demoniacal71 #bjf ,possession 7"r (71 #aii-bjf ,p[les 7,rev4 ,r4 ,c[ley71 ,pref4 xxviii1 #cbb 8,praxapo/olus10 see 8,apo/olus40 8,pre-,syrian01 #ceg-h 8,pre-,syrian ,non-,we/]n01 #ceg ,preface ( #afaa1 #ahg-ia1 #aih-i ---- #ahha1 #ahi ,prepond]at+ evid5ce1 #daa1 #dif ,prepositions1 #agj-e 8,pres5t0 7,greek71 sometimes a ,future1 #afc-d ---- s5se ( 8p]fect01 #afc ,pr9ciple ( translation1 mi/ak51 #ahg-if 8,pr9ciples ( ,textual ,criticism01 #abe-f1 #bbg1 #cdi-ej1 #cgd-e1 #daa ,probability1 #dig ,prop] names 9 ,s4 ,matt4 i4 #ahf 8,pr\d-9-!-imag9ation-(-_!-he>ts01 #agb ,provision 7,,god's7 = ! safety ( ,8 ,^w1 #h1 #i1 #cch1 #did 1 #adf ,pron\ns1 #afe 1 #ahj ,pul*]ia1 #dfe ,pusey 7,p4 ,e471 #cde1 #chb1 #ddi1 #dfh ,pyramus & ,?isbe1 #aga ,pyramid pois$ on its apex1 #cdb-e 8,qu>t]ly ,review01 ,pref4 ix-xiv ,quia1 #ddh1 #dgc ,quod 79 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af71 #ddh ,quotations1 see 8,fa!rs40 ,r&ell 7,rev4 ,t471 #dha1 #dic 8,rav9e01 #aha 8,read+s10 see 8,v>i\s40 ---- be=e 8,r5d]+s01 #ajf1 #bbe ,receiv$ ,text1 see 8,textus40 ,rec5sion 7imag9>y71 #bga-hh ,rei*e 7,j4 ,g471 #chj-a ,reit]ation n ,pro(1 #cjf-g ,r5d]+ ( ! same ^w1 #ach1 #aeb-d1 #ahg-bjb ,result ( acqua9tance ) docum5ts1 #ccg ,rettig 7,h4 ,c4 ,m471 #ddb 8,revis$ ,v]sion10 see 8,revision40 ,revis]s exce$$ _! ,in/ructions3-- 7#a7 ,9 respect ( ! ,engli%1 #aab1 #abg-cj1 #aee-g1 #bbe-f1 #cfh1 #djj-c 7#b7 ,9 respect ( ! ,greek1 #eg-h1 #ig1 #aah-bf1 #bbd1 #cii1 #djc-f ,revis+ body 7composition (71 #ejd-e ,revision1 orig9al ,resolution & ,rules conc]n+1 #c1 #ig1 #aad1 #abg1 #acj ---- ( #afaa1 #afg1 #ejh-ad ---- ( #ahha1 h[ x 0 conduct$1 #cg1 #aag-h1 #cfi ---- unfair 9 its me?od1 #aaf1 #aca-h ---- ess5tially diff]5t f t ( #afaa1 #ejh-ad ---- re/s on a f\ndation ( s&1 #aaj1 #eaf ---- incapable ( be+ fur!r revis$1 #ajg ---- its case hopeless1 #bbf-g ---- *>act]iz$1 #bch ---- its probable fate1 #ejh-ad ---- unfav\rable to ,or?odoxy1 #eac ---- int]e/+ specim5s1 #aga1 #dja ,rhy?m 9 translation1 #ahh ,rieu 7,dr471 #dec ,"r ( possession1 #aii 8,r+ ( g5u95ess01 #cjg1 #cji-ab ,rob]ts 7,dr471 #cf1 #ci-dj1 #dh1 #ih1 #bcj ,roc*i 7,hi]omona*us71 #ddg-h1 #dgd1 #dib1 see ! ,,app5dix4 ,rog]s1 ! poet1 #afb ,romans ix4 #e1 #baj-d ,rome1 7,see 8,cozza ,luzi10 8,es*]071 #eba ,rose1 7,rev4 ,w4 ,f471 ( ,worle1 ,som]set%ire1 ,pref4 xxviii ,r\s] 7,pr(essor71 #cjf ,r\? 7,presid5t71 #aeb1 #baa1 #ddd1 #deb1 #eja ,sa*au1 #dha ,s4 ,&rews 7,bp4 (71 see 8,wordswor?40 ,salisbury 7,bp4 (71 see 8,mob]ly40 ,sam>ia1 7woman (71 #djg-h ,s&ay1 7,dr471 ,pref4 xvi ,saville 7,pr(471 #cjf ,s*olium misund]/ood1 #dfg1 #dfh ,s*olz 7,dr471 #bdf1 #chj1 #dde1 #def ,scott 7,sir ,gilb]t71 #cjf ,scripture1 ,god's provision = its safety #h1 #i1 #cch1 #did ---- deprav$ by h]etics1 #ccf ,scriv5] 7,preb5d>y71 #ac1 #cj1 #cg1 #di1 #ajf1 #ajh1 #abf1 #bca1 #bcg-h1 #bdc1 #bdf1 #cag1 #cha1 #dje1 #dca1 #dgd1 #dgg1 #dic1 #ejb-c1 see back ( ,title4 ,septuag9t1 #ahb1 #ahc1 #ahd1 #bbh 8,sepul*re10 ! ,holy1 #aih 1 #bjc-d 1 #adg ,sieb] 7,m471 #dic 1 #ahj ,s9aiticus1 cod4 771 #aa-ag1 #bfe1 #bhf11bhi1 #bia1 #cad-e1 #cbe-f1 #cdc-e ,sixte5 places1 #dae-i ,smi? 7,dr4 ,vance71 #agd1 #bjd-e1 #ejc-h1 #eac1 #eae ,soc9ian gloss1 #baj-d 8,solv]e ambul&o01 #abf1 #bbh1 xxxi 1 #adg ,spell+ ( prop] names1 #ahf-g 1 #aec 1 #aga1 #ahj ,/anley 7,dean71 #ace1 #ejg ,/ill+fleet 7,bp471 #ejj & 1 #eh-fj 1 #ahe 1 #agf-g ,syndics ( ,cambridge ,press1 xxx-i ,syracuse1 #did ,syriac ,v]sion1 #i 8,syrian10 8,antio*ian10 8,grco-,syrian10--,dr4 ,hort's designations ( ! ,traditional ,greek ,text #beg-fe1 #bfi ---- its assum$ orig91 #bgb-hh ---- & hi/ory1 #bij-a ---- *>act]iz$1 #hg1 #bhh-bij 1 #bih ,tatian 7see ,,index ,,ii47 #bi1 #ccf1 #cej 8,tea*+01 #aii 1 #aec1 #agi 1 #ea ,t5ses1 #aeg-fd1 see 8,aori/10 8,imp]fect10 8,p]fect10 8,plup]fect10 8,pres5t40 ---- unidiomatically r5d]$1 #djb ,te/-places 7?ree71 #dg1 #eai ,text to be det]m9$ by ext]nal evid5ce1 #ai-bj1 #de ---- provision = its security1 #aj ---- 7,receiv$71 see 8,textus ,receptus0 & 8,syrian40 ,texts1 see ,,index ,i4 ',textus ,receptus'1 #ab-c1 #ag-h1 #ajg1 #aah ---- 7,bp4 ,ellicott on71 #chh ---- ne$s correction #ba1 #ajg ---- see 8,syrian10 8,traditional40 ,!odore ( ,mopsue/ia1 #dhj1 see ,,index ,,ii4 ,!odotus1 ! ,gno/ic1 #cbc-d ,!ophilus1 ,bp4 ( ,antio*1 #bi 1 #bjh-i & 9 ,,mss41 #ii-aje1 #dbe-f ---- 1 n 1 to be read 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 ,pref4 xxi-iv1 #dbd-eja ,?i]ry 7,m471 #dic ,?irty *anges 9 #ch words1 #aga #a ,timo?y iii4 #af4 ,see ,tis*5dorf 7,dr47 #bb-d1 #de1 #bdc-d1 #bdf1 #bgj-a1 #cgj1 #chc1 #dcg-h1 #dea1 #dfg ,title on ! ,cross1 #he-h 8,titus ,ju/us01 #ec-d 8,tomb01 #aih ,tradition 7,ecclesia/ical71 #die ,traditional ,text dep>t$ f #fjjj times1 #ajg ---- see 8,syrian40 ---- mean+ ( ,s4 ,m>k xiii4 #cb1 #bji-aj 8,transcriptional probability01 #bea-b ,translators ( #afaa1 #ahg-ia1 #bjg ---- ( #ahha1 mi/ak5 pr9ciple ( #ach1 #ahg-if ,transposition1 #ic-g ,tregelles 7,dr471 #bb1 #de1 #bdc1 #bdf1 #bgj1 #cgj1 #chj1 #chc1 #dca1 #dea1 #dfg1 #dih ,tr5* 7,abp471 xlii1 #ajf1 #bbi ,tr9it>ian doctr9e1 #agd-e ,true ,text1 7only safe way ( asc]ta9+71 #cci-db ,tusculum1 #ddf ,tyndale 7,william71 #afg1 #aia1 #aib ,uncials 7depravity ( ! old71 #ab-ag1 #cj-e1 #df-g1 #ge-f1 #id-e ,uni=mity ( r5d]+1 #aff1 #ahg 8,unit>ian0 ,revis]1 intol]able1 #ejc-h & 1 #aef 1 #cea ,upp/rm 7,&r471 #deb ,upsala1 #ddd1 see 8,bel%eim40 ,us%] 7,abp471 #dcb1 #dfi1 #ejj ,valck5a]1 #bbh ,val5t9us1 #bi ,v>i\s ,read+s1 #di-ej1 #ef1 #fe1 #acj-a ,vaticanus1 codex 7,b71 #aa-ag1 #bfe1 #bgc1 #bhf1 #bhi1 #bia1 #cad-e1 #cbe1 #cdb-e1 see 8,b & 40 ,veludo 7,sig471 #dib ,v]cellone 7,c471 #cha ,v]ify+ faculty1 #ie-f1 #aji1 #bec1 #bij-a1 #cjg-h ,v]sion 7,au?oriz$71 #aab-d ---- 7old ,lat971 #i1 #ddh ---- 7,vulgate71 #i1 #dai ---- 7,pes*ito71 #i1 #ddi-ej ---- 7,h>kleian71 #dej ---- 7,coptic71 #i1 #dea-b ---- 7,sahidic71 #i1 #dea-b ---- 7,go?ic71 #i1 #deb-c ---- 7,arm5ian71 #i1 #dec ---- 7?iopic71 #i1 #dec ---- 7,georgian71 #ded ---- 7,arabic71 #dec-d ---- 7,slavonian71 #ded 8,vials01 #bjj ,von ,he9emann 7,dr471 #dic ,vulgate1 see 8,v]sion40 ,w4 7,m471 ,pref4 xxviii ,walton 7,bp4 ,brian71 #dcb ,wat]l& 7,dr471 #ejj ,way 7only safe7 ( asc]ta9+ ! ,true ,te/1 #cci-db ,web] 7,m471 #dcg ,wes*] 7,m471 #dib 8,wesleyan ,me?odi/0 ,revis]s1 #ejd-e ,we/ ! pa9t]1 #afb ,we/cott 7,dr471 xlii1 #abd1 see 8,hort40 ,we/cott & ,hort 7,drs471 #bd-i1 #cc1 #di1 #ea1 #gb1 #hc1 #ia1 #ib1 #id1 #ie1 #ig1 #aaj1 #aad1 #abe1 #acd-e1 #agg1 #bci-da1 #bde1 #bdg1 #cgj1 #chj1 #chb1 #dii1 #ejb1 #eah-i1 ,see rev]se ( ,title-page1 & ,pref4 xi-iv1 xxvi-viii1 xxxi 8,we/]n101 #ceg ---- read+s1 #bga-b ---- & 8,syrian01 #cfa 8,we/m9/] ,abbey sc&al01 #ejg ,wet/e9 7,j4 ,j471 #bdf1 #chc1 #dbf1 #def1 #dfg1 #dfi1 #dhj1 #dig ,wilb]=ce 7,bp471 #bbi1 #dae1 #eje1 #ejg ,woide 7,c4 ,g471 #dcd-g ,wolfii ,anecd4 ,grca1 #deh ,wood 7,c4 ,f4 ,b471 #ahc ,^w1 inc>nate & writt51 #ccd-e1 #cij-a ,wordswor? 7,dr4 ,*>les71 ,bp4 ( ,s4 ,&rews1 #ajf1 #afe1 #bbi-cj1 #chb ---- 7,dr4 ,*ri/oph]71 ,bp4 ( ,l9coln1 #cg1 #aab1 #adg1 #ahd1 #bbf1 #cfh1 #chb1 #djj1 #ejb1 #eje1 #eac1 ,d$4 vi ,wotton 7,h5ry71 #dcc ,x5ophon1 #adi ,"y 7,patrick71 #dcb ---- 7,dr471 ( ,glasg[1 #dgg 1 #bja ,,footnotes #a ,any "o :o desires to see ?is *>ge e/abli%$1 is invit$ to read f page #cii to page #dac ( :at foll[s4 #b ,dr4 ,new?4 ,see pp4 #cg-i4 #c ,see pp4 #bd-i3 #ig1 c4 #d ,see bel[1 pp4 #a to #aaj4 #e ,?is w be f\nd m fully expla9$ f pp4 #abg to #acj3 pp4 #aed to #afd3 also pp4 #djj to #djc4 ,see also ! quotations on pp4 #aab & #cfh4 #f ,see bel[1 pp4 #aac to #bcb4 #g ,see bel[1 pp4 #bce to #cff4 #h ,gospel ( ! ,resurrection1 p4 viii4 #i ,ref]5ce is made to a vulg> effusion 9 ! 8,contempor>y ,review0 = ,m>* #ahhb3 f :i* x *iefly appe>s t ,canon 7n[ ,ar*deacon7 ,f>r> is unable to =give ,s4 ,m>k ! ,evangeli/ = hav+ writt5 ! #af? v]se ( 8 conclud+ *apt]4 ,! ,v5]able writ] is 9 consequ5ce = ev] d5\nc+ ^? 8la/ ,twelve ,v]ses40 ,9 ,m>* #ahhb1 7pret5d+ to review my ,articles 9 ! 8,qu>t]ly107 he says3--8,9 spite ( ,dean ,burgon's ,essay on ! subject1 ! m9ds ( mo/ s*ol>s are q unalt]ably made up on su* que/ions z ! au!nticity ( ! la/ twelve v]ses ( ,s4 ,m>k40 ,contempor>y ,review1 vol4 xli4 p4 #cfe4 ,& 9 ! ensu+ ,octob]1--8,if1 among positive results1 any "o %\ld set d[n su* facts z t 444 ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj 444 =m$ no "p ( ! orig9al apo/olic autograph 444 ,he1 ,i say1 :o %\ld enum]ate ^! po9ts z be+ beyond ! rea* ( s]i\s dispute 444 w\ld be express+ ! views :i* are reg>d$ z indisputable by ! va/ majority ( su* rec5t critics z h e/abli%$ any claim to s]i\s att5tion40 ,expositor1 p4 #agc4 ,x may n be )\t use to ! ,v5]able writ] t he %\ld be rem9d$ t critical que/ions1 in/ead ( be+ dispos$ ( by su* language z ! =ego+1 are n ev5 t\*$ !reby4 ,"o is surpris$ to h to tell a 8fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge10 s obvi\s a tru? z t by su* writ+ he does b effectually put himself out ( c\rt4 ,by proclaim+ t 8 m9d is 8q unalt]ably made up0 t ! end ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel is n au!ntic1 he admits t he is imp]vi\s to argum5t & !re=e incapable ( und]/&+ pro(4 ,x is a m]e wa/e ( "t to reason ) an un=tunate :o ann\nces t he is beyond ! rea* ( conviction4 #aj ,no4 xxviii41 page #dcf4 ,if any "o c>es to "k :at ! tea*+ 0 :i* ! writ] 9 ! 8,*ur* ,qu>t]ly0 0 int5d+ to reproduce1 he is invit$ to read f p4 #bif to p4 #cjj ( ! pres5t volume4 #aa ,contempor>y ,review1 7,dec4 #ahha71--p4 #ihe seq4 #ab ,q4 ,r4 7,no4 #cjd17 p4 #cac4--,! passage ref]r$ to w be f\nd bel[ 7at p4 #ad71--slightly modifi$1 9 ord] to protect myself aga9/ ! risk ( future misconception4 ,my ,review] ref]s to f\r o!r places4 ,he w f9d t my only object 9 !m all 0 to prove t codices ,a ,b ,c ,d yield div]g5t te/imony2 & !re=e1 s habitually contradict "o ano!r1 z effectually to invalidate _! own evid5ce ?r\gh\t4 ,?is has nev] be5 prov$ be=e4 ,x c only be prov$1 9 fact1 by "o :o has labori\sly collat$ ! codices 9 "q1 & submitt$ to ! drudg]y ( exactly tabulat+ ! result4 #ac 8,damus tibi 9 manus ,novum ,te/am5tum idem pr(ecto1 quod ad textum att9et1 cum ed4 ,millian10--are ! well kn[n op5+ words ( ! 8,monitum0 prefix$ to ,lloyd's ,n4 ,t4--,& ,mill1 accord+ to ,scriv5]1 ,introduction1 p4 #cii1 8only aims at reproduc+ ,/eph5s' text ( #aeej1 ?\gh 9 a few places he dep>ts f x1 :e!r by accid5t or design40 ,su* places are f\nd to am\nt 9 all to tw5ty-n9e4 #ad ,see bel[1 pp4 #beg-h3 also p4 #cij4 #ae ,! ,revis]s & ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 c4--,macmillan1 pp4 #gi4 #af ,see bel[1 pp4 #cfi to #ebj4 #ag ,pages #cga-b4 #ah ,pamphlet1 pp4 #gg3 #ci1 #dj1 #da4 #ai ,see bel[1 p4 #dbe4 #bj ,pages #dbd-eja4 #ba ,f ,janu>y till ,june #ahhc4 #bb ,pamphlet1 p4 #gf4 #bc ,e4g4 pages #beb-bfh3 #bfi-bgg3 #cje-cjh4 #bd ,e4g4 pages #cjb-cjf4 #be ,page #ced4 #bf ,on t day appe>$ ,dr4 ,hort's 8,introduction & ,app5dix0 to ! ,n4 ,t4 z edit$ by himself & ,dr4 ,we/cott4 #bg 8,*>ge10 publi%$ 9 ! ,gu>dian1 ,dec4 #bj1 #ahhb1 p4 #ahac4 #bh ,preface to ,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,bible 7p4 ix471--#ahfh4 #bi ,preface to ,pa/oral ,epi/les 7p4 xiv471--#ahfa4 #cj ,! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,n4 ,t4 7p4 #c71--aheh4 #ca ,! ,new ,te/am5t ( ,our ,"l & ,savi\r ,,jesus ,,*ri/ translat$ out ( ! ,greek3 be+ ! ,v]sion set =? ,a4,d4 #afaa1 comp>$ ) ! mo/ anci5t ,au?orities1 & ,revis$ ,a4,d4 #ahha4 ,pr9t$ = ! ,univ]sities ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge1 #ahha4 #cb ,! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! ,orig9al ,greek1 accord+ to ! ,text foll[$ 9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 toge!r ) ! ,v>iations adopt$ 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion4 ,edit$ = ! ,syndics ( ! ,cambridge ,univ]sity ,press1 by ,f4 ,h4 ,a4 ,scriv5]1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,preb5d>y ( ,exet] & ,vic> ( ,h5don4 ,cambridge1 #ahha4 4 ,! ,greek ,te/am5t1 ) ! ,read+s adopt$ by ! ,revis]s ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,edit$ by ! ,v54 ,ar*deacon ,palm]1 ,d4,d4 ,ox=d1 #ahha4 #cc ,on ,revision1--pp4 #bae-f4 #cd ,t]tullian1 bis4 #ce ,hi]on4 ,opp4 ii4 #agg c 7see ! note74 #cf ,apud ,hi]on4 iii4 #aba4 #cg iv4 #fag c 7ed4 ,pusey74 #ch ,p4 #bgb4 #ci i4 #edh c2 viii4 #bjg a4 #dj iv4 #bje4 #da ,a ref]5ce to ! ,j\rnal ( ,convocation1 = a twelvemon? aft] ! proposal = a ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion 0 s]i\sly ent]ta9$1 w reveal m ?an x w\ld be conv5i5t 9 ?is place ev5 to allude to4 #db ,we d]ive our in=mation f ! le>n$ ,congregationali/1 ,dr4 ,new?1--,lectures on ,bible ,revision 7#ahha71 p4 #aaf4 #dc ,on ,revision1 pp4 #bf-g4 #dd ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s ,pla9 ,introduction to ! ,criticism ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #bnd edition1 #ahgd 7pp4 #fjg71 may be confid5tly recomm5d$ to any "o :o desires to ma/] ! outl9es ( ,textual ,criticism "u ! guidance ( a judici\s1 imp>tial1 & ?or\ghly compet5t guide4 ,a new & revis$ edition ( ?is excell5t treatise w appe> %ortly4 #de ,/udi\s read]s are invit$ to enquire = ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s ,full & exact ,collation ( ab\t ,tw5ty ,greek ,manuscripts ( ! ,holy ,gospels 7hi!rto unexam9$71 deposit$ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ! ,ar*iepiscopal ,libr>y at ,lambe?1 c41 ) a ,critical ,introduction4 7,pp4 lxxiv4 & #agh47 #ahec4 ,! introductory matt] des]ves v att5tive p]usal4--,) equal confid5ce we beg to recomm5d 8 ,exact ,transcript ( ! ,codex ,augi5sis1 a ,grco-,lat9 ,manuscript ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 deposit$ 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge2 to :i* is add$ a full ,collation ( ,fifty ,manuscripts1 conta9+ v>i\s portions ( ! ,greek ,new ,te/am5t1 9 ! ,libr>ies ( ,cambridge1 ,p>ham1 ,leice/]1 ,ox=d1 ,lambe?1 ! ,briti% ,museum1 c4 ,) a ,critical ,introduction 7:i* mu/ also be c>efully /udi$74 7,pp4 lxxx4 & #efc47 #ahei4--,le>n$ read]s c sc>cely require to be told ( ! same le>n$ s*ol>'s ,novum ,te/am5tum ,texts ,/ephanici1 ,a4,d4 #aeej4 ,acc$unt v>i ,lectiones ,editionum ,bez1 ,elzeviri1 ,la*manni1 ,tis*5dorfii1 ,tregellesii4 ,curante ,f4 ,h4 ,a4 ,scriv5]1 ,a4,m41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d4 #ahfj4 ,editio auctior et em5datior4 #ahgg4--,^? :o m]ely wi% = a %ort popul> ,introduction to ! subject may be grateful to be told ( ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s ,six ,lectures on ! ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t4 & ! ,anci5t ,,mss4 :i* conta9 x1 *iefly address$ to ^? :o d n read ,greek4 #ahge4 #df ,scriv5]'s ,pla9 ,introduction1--p4 #aah4 #dg ,bez ,codex ,cantabrigi5sis3 be+ an exact ,copy1 9 ord9>y ,type1 ( ! celebrat$ ,uncial ,grco-,lat9 ,manuscript ( ! ,f\r ,gospels & ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 writt5 e>ly 9 ! ,six? ,c5tury1 & pres5t$ to ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge by ,!odore ,beza1 ,a4,d4 #aeha4 ,edit$1 ) a ,critical ,introduction1 ,annotations1 & ,facsimiles1 by ,fr$]ick ,h4 ,scriv5]1 ,m4,a41 ,rector ( ,s4 ,g]rans1 ,cornwall4 7,pp4 lxiv4 & #dec47 ,cambridge1 #ahfd4 ,no "o :o aspires to a compet5t acqua9tance ) ,textual ,criticism c af=d to be )\t ?is book4 #dh ,on ! subject ( codex we beg 7once = all7 to ref] s*ol>s to ,scriv5]'s ,full ,collation ( ! ,codex ,s9aiticus ) ! ,receiv$ ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,to :i* is prefix$ a ,critical ,introduction4 #ahfc4 #bnd ,edition1 revis$4 7,pp4 lxxii4 & #afc47 #ahfg4 #di ,bi%op ,ellicott's ,consid]ations on ,revision1 c4 7#ahgj71 p4 #dj4 #ej ,! epi!t 8cursive10 is us$ to d5ote manuscripts writt5 9 8runn+-h&10 ( :i* ! olde/ kn[n specim5s belong to ! ,i,xth c5tury4 8,uncial0 manuscripts are ^? :i* are writt5 9 capital lett]s4 ,a 8codex0 popul>ly signifies a manuscript4 ,a 8v]sion0 is a translation4 ,a 8rec5sion0 is a revision4 7,we h be5 reque/$ to expla9 ^! t]ms47 #ea ,consid]ations on ,revision1 p4 #cj4 #eb ,once = all1 we reque/ x may be cle>ly und]/ood t we d n1 by any means1 claim p]fection = ! ,receiv$ ,text4 ,we ent]ta9 no extravagant notions on ?is subject4 ,aga9 & aga9 we %all h occasion to po9t out 7e4g4 at page #ajg7 t ! ,textus ,receptus ne$s correction4 ,we d b insi/1 7#a7 ,t x is an incomp>ably bett] text ?an t :i* ei!r ,la*mann1 or ,tis*5dorf1 or ,tregelles has produc$3 inf9itely pref]able to ! 8,new ,greek ,text0 ( ! ,revisioni/s4 ,&1 7#b7 ,t to be improv$1 ! ,textus ,receptus w h to be revis$ on entirely diff]5t 8pr9ciples0 f ^? :i* are j n[ 9 fa%ion4 ,m5 mu/ beg9 by unle>n+ ! ,g]man prejudices ( ! la/ fifty ye>s2 & address !mselves1 in/ead1 to ! /]n logic ( facts4 #ec ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1 pp4 #cdb-d4 #ed ,ut supr1 p4 #df4 ,we pref] to quote ! indictm5t aga9/ ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1 f ! pages ( ,revisioni/s4 #ee 8,ex scriptoribus ,grcis tantisp] ,orig5e solo usi sumus40--,prfatio1 p4 xxi4 #ef ,scriv5]'s ,pla9 ,introd4 p4 #cig4 #eg ,ut supr1 p4 #dh4 #eh ,ut supr1 p4 #dg4 #ei ,preb5d>y ,scriv5]1 ibid4 7ed4 #ahgd71 p4 #dbi4 #fj ,ibid4 p4 #dgj4 #fa ,ibid4 #fb ,concilia1 i4 #heb4 #fc ,ut supr1 p4 #dg4 #fd ,! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! ,orig9al ,greek4 ,! ,text revis$ by ,brooke ,foss ,we/cott1 ,d4,d41 & ,f5ton ,john ,an?ony ,hort1 ,d4,d4 ,cambridge & ,london1 #ahha4 #fe ,f ! ,preface prefix$ to ! 8limit$ & private issue0 ( #ahgj1 p4 vi4 #ff ,ut supr1 p4 xv4 #fg ,ibid4 p4 xviii4 #fh ,ibid4 p4 xvi4 #fi ,ibid4 pp4 xviii41 xix4 #gj ,note1--t ,i h ?\ght x be/1 = _m reasons1 to reta9 ! ensu+ note z x orig9ally appe>$2 m]ely re/or+ )9 brackets ^? pr9t$ portions ( x = :i* !re really 0 no room4 ,! ?ird ,article 9 ! pres5t volume w be f\nd to supply an ample exposure ( ! %all[ness ( ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,textual ,!ory4 ,:ile ^! %eets are pass+ ?r\gh ! press1 a copy ( ! long-expect$ volume rea*es u4 ,! !ory ( ! respect$ au?ors proves to be ! %all[e/ imag9able4 ,x is briefly ?is3--,fa/5+ on ! two olde/ codices extant 7,b & 1 bo? ( ! ,i,vth c5tury71 !y inv5t ! foll[+ hypo!sis3--8,t ! ance/ries ( ^? two manuscripts div]g$ f a po9t ne> ! autographs1 & nev] came into contact subsequ5tly40 ,no reason is produc$ = ?is op9ion4 ,hav+ ?us secur$ two indep5d5t witnesses ( :at 0 9 ! sacr$ autographs1 ! ,editors claim t ! co9cid5ce ( & ,b mu/ 8m>k ^? portions ( text 9 :i* two primitive & entirely sep>ate l9es ( transmission _h n come to diff] f ea* o!r ?r\gh indep5d5t corruption30 & !re=e t1 89 ! abs5ce ( specially /rong int]nal evid5ce to ! contr>y10 8! read+s ( & ,b comb9$ may safely be accept$ z g5u9e40 ,b :at is to be done :5 ! same two codices div]ge "o f ! o!r8--,9 all su* cases 7we are assur$7 ! read+s ( any 8b9>y comb9ation0 ( ,b are to be pref]r$2 because 8on ! close/ scrut9y10 !y g5]ally 8h ! r+ ( g5u95ess20 h>dly ev] 8look suspici\s aft] full consid]ation40 8,ev5 :5 ,b /&s q alone1 its read+s mu/ nev] be lightly reject$40 ,we are n told :y4 ,b1 7rejo9s ! /ud5t :o1 aft] c>eful collation ( codex ,b1 has arriv$ at a va/ly diff]5t e/imate ( its "*17--,:at is to be done :5 int]nal & ext]nal evid5ce alike condemn a read+ ( ,b8 ,h[ is 8mumpsimus0 = example to be treat$8--8,mumpsimus0 7! ,editors solemnly reply7 z 8! bett] atte/$ read+0--7by :i* !y mean ! read+ atte/$ by ,b17--we place 9 our m>g94 8,sumpsimus10 app>5tly ! "r read+1 we place 9 ! text )9 2 9 tok5 t x is probably 8a successful anci5t conjecture40 ,we smile1 & resume3--,b h[ is ! fact to be acc\nt$ = t ! text ( ,*ryso/om & 79 ! ma97 ( ! re/ ( ! ,i,vth-c5tury ,fa!rs1 to :om we are s l>gely indebt$ = our critical mat]ials1 & :o mu/ h employ$ codices fully z old z ,b & 3 h[ is x1 we ask1 t ! text ( all ^!1 includ+ codex ,a1 diff]s ess5tially f ! text exhibit$ by codices ,b & 8--,! editors reply1--,! text ( ,*ryso/om & ! re/1 we designate 8,syrian10 & assume to h be5 ! result ( an 8editorial ,revision10 :i* we conjecturally assign to ! second half ( ! ,i,i,ird c5tury4 ,x is ! 8,pre-,syrian0 text t we are 9 se>* (2 & we recognize ! object ( our se>* 9 codex ,b4 ,we />e1 & smile aga94 ,b h[ !n does x come to pass 7we rejo97 t ! ,pes*ito1 or primitive ,syriac1 :i* is old] by full a c5tury & a half ?an ! la/-nam$ date1 is practically /ill ! same text8--,?is fatal circum/ance 7n ov]look$ by ! le>n$ ,editors7 !y enc\nt] ) ano!r conjectural assumption4 8,a ,revision0 7say !y7 8( ! ,old ,syriac v]sion appe>s to h tak5 place e>ly 9 ! ,i,vth c5tury1 or soon]2 & d\btless 9 "s connexion ) ! ,syrian revision ( ! ,greek text1 ! read+s be+ to a v great ext5t co9cid5t40 ,& pray1 :]e is 8! ,old ,syriac v]sion0 ( :i* y speak8--,x is 7reply ! ,editors7 our way ( designat+ ! fragm5t>y ,syriac ,,ms4 commonly kn[n z 8,cureton's40--,y\r way 7we rejo97 ( manipulat+ facts1 & dispos+ ( evid5ce is c]ta9ly ! mo/ conv5i5t1 z x is ! mo/ extraord9>y1 imag9able3 yet is x altoge!r inadmissible 9 a grave enquiry l ! pres5t4 ,syriac s*ol>s are ( a widely diff]5t op9ion f y\rselves4 ,d y n p]ceive t y h be5 draw+ ^u y\r imag9ation = e "o ( y\r facts8 ,we decl9e 9 %ort on ! m]e conjectural ipse dixit ( ^! two respect$ s*ol>s to admit ei!r t ! ,pes*ito is a ,revision ( ,cureton's ,syriac ,v]sion2--or t x 0 execut$ ab\t ,a4,d4 #cbe2--or t ! text ( ,*ryso/om & ! o!r pr9cipal ,i,vth-c5tury ,fa!rs is ! result ( an unrecord$ 8,antio*ian ,revision0 :i* took place ab\t ! ye> ,a4,d4 #bge4 ,b in/ead ( tr\bl+ ourselves ) remov+ ! upp] /ory ( ! vision>y /ructure be=e u1--:i* rem9ds u pa9fully ( a h\se :i* we once rememb] build+ ) play+-c>ds1--we beg9 by remov+ ! basem5t-/ory1 :i* br+s ! entire sup]/ructure 9 an in/ant to ! gr\nd4 ,= we decl9e to admit t ! texts exhibit$ by ,b c h 8div]g$ f a po9t ne> ! sacr$ autographs1 & nev] come into contact subsequ5tly40 ,we are able to %[1 on ! contr>y1 t ! read+s !y jo9tly embody af=d ! /ronge/ presumption t ! ,,mss4 :i* conta9 !m are no?+ else b specim5s ( ^? 8correct$10 i4e4 corrupt$ copies1 :i* are kn[n to h ab\nd$ 9 ! e>lie/ ages ( ! ,*ur*4 ,f ! preval5ce ( id5tical depravations 9 ei!r1 we inf] t !y are1 on ! contr>y1 d]iv$ f ! same n v remote deprav$ orig9al3 & !re=e1 t _! co9cid5ce1 :5 !y diff] f all 7or ne>ly all7 o!r ,,mss41 s f> f m>k+ 8two primitive & entirely sep>ate l9es ( transmission0 ( ! inspir$ autographs1 does b m>k :at 0 d]iv$ f ! same corrupt common ance/or2 :]eby ! suppos$ two indep5d5t witnesses to ! ,evangelic v]ity become resolv$ into a s+le witness to a fabricat$ text ( ! ,i,i,ird c5tury4 ,x is impossible 9 ! meantime to )hold f ^! le>n$ & excell5t m5 7:o are inf9itely bett] ?an _! !ory7 ! tribute ( our sympa?y & conc]n at ! evid5t p]plexity & con/ant di/ress to :i* _! own fatal major premiss has r$uc$ !m4 ,! ,nemesis ( ,sup]/ition & ,idolatry is ev] ! same4 ,d\bt1--unbelief1--cr$ulity1--g5]al mi/ru/ ( all evid5ce1 is ! inevitable sequel & p5alty4 ,9 #ahgj1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort solemnly assur$ _! bro!r ,revisioni/s t 8! preval5t assumption1 t ?r\gh\t ! ,n4 ,t4 ! true text is to be f\nd some:]e among record$ read+s1 does n /& ! te/ ( exp]i5ce20,p4 xxi4 & !y are evid5tly /ill haunt$ by ! same spectral suspicion4 ,!y see a gho/ to be exorcis$ 9 e d>k corn]4 8,! ,art ( ,conjectural ,em5dation0 7says ,dr4 ,hort7 8dep5ds = its success s mu* on p]sonal end[m5ts1 f]tility ( res\rce 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & ev5 m an appreciation ( language too delicate to acquiesce 9 m]ely plausible corrections1 t x is easy to =get its true "* z a critical op]ation f\nd$ on k & me?od40,introd4 p4 #ga4 ,specim5s ( ! writ]'s skill 9 ?is dep>tm5t ab\nd4 ,"o occurs at p4 #ace 7,app47 :]e1 9 defiance ( e kn[n docum5t1 he seeks to evacuate ,s4 ,paul's memorable injunction to ,timo?y 7#b ,tim4 i4 #ac7 ( all its significance4 ,a full] exposure ( ,dr4 ,hort's h&l+ ( ?is important text w be f\nd lat] 9 ! pres5t volume4 ,may we be all[$ to assure ! accompli%$ writ] t ,,9 ,,biblical ,,textual ,,criticism1 8,,conjectural ,,em5dation0 ,,has ,,no ,,place8 #ga ,scriv5]1 ,introduction1 p4 #dec4--,/unica1 x w be rememb]$1 0 ! *ief editor ( ! ,complut5sian1 or fir/ pr9t$ edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 7#aead74 #gb 1--,s4 ,matt4 ix4 #b4 #gc ,scriv5]1 ,pla9 ,introd4 p4 #dgb4 #gd ,! words omitt$ are !re=e ! foll[+ #bb3--1 444 1 1 444 4 #ge ,companion to ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 p4 #fa4 #gf ,! la/ ,twelve ,v]ses ( ! ,gospel accord+ to ,s4 ,m>k1 v9dicat$ aga9/ rec5t critical ,objectors & e/abli%$1 by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,w4 ,burgon1--pp4 #ccd1 publi%$ by ,p>k]1 ,ox=d1 #ahga4 #gg ,z ,dr4 ,jacobson & ,dr4 ,*r4 ,wordswor?1--! le>n$ ,bi%ops ( ,*e/] & ,l9coln4 ,x is "r to /ate t ,bp4 ,ellicott 8consid]s ! passage d\btful40 7,on ,revision1 p4 #cf47 ,dr4 ,scriv5] 7x is well kn[n7 diff]s entirely f ,bp4 ,ellicott on ?is important po9t4 #gh ,lectures on ,bible ,revision1 pp4 #aai-bj4 #gi 4--,clem5s ,rom41 c4 #de4 #hj ,%\ld ! ,revis$ ,new ,te/am5t be au?oriz$8--p4 #db4 #ha ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ! fir/ ?ree ,gospels1 consid]$1--by ,canon ,cook1--pp4 #bba-b4 #hb ,at p4 #cd ( 8 pamphlet 9 reply to ! fir/ two ( ! pres5t ,articles4 #hc ,on ,revision1 pp4 #cj & #di4 #hd ,words ( ! ,n4 ,t4 p4 #aic4 #he ,companion to ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 p4 #fc4 #hf ,ibid4 p4 #fb4 #hg ,viz4 ,eusebius1--,mac>ius ,magnes1--,aphraates1--,didymus1--! ,syriac ,acts ( ! ,app41--,epiphanius1--,ambrose1--,*ryso/ om1--,j]ome1--,augu/9e4 ,x happ5s t ! disputation ( ,mac>ius ,magnes 7,a4,d4 #cjj-cej7 ) a hea!n philosoph]1 :i* has rec5tly come to light1 conta9s an elaborate discussion ( ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #ag1 #ah4 ,add ! curi\s /ory relat$ by ! au?or ( ! ,pas*al ,*ronicle 7,a4,d4 #fbh7 conc]n+ ,leontius1 ,bi%op ( ,antio* 7,a4,d4 #cdh71--p4 #bhi4 ,?is has be5 hi!rto ov]look$4 #hh ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1 p4 #eae4 #hi ,tis*4 specifies #g ,lat9 copies4 ,orig5 7iii4 #idf f471 ,j]ome 7vii4 #bhb71 & ,leo 7ap4 ,sabati]7 are ! only patri/ic quotations discov]able4 #ij i4 #dei #ia i4 #cgd2 ii4 #gad2 iv4 #ae4 #ib vii4 #dg2 viii4 #ac4 #ic ,dem4 ,ev4 pp4 #afc1 #cdb4 #id i4 #ahj1 #che4 #ie ,9 loc4 ,also 9 ,luc4 xix4 #bi 7,cat4 ,ox4 #ada74 #if ,de ,tr94 p4 #hd2 ,cord4 ,cat4 9 ,ps4 ii4 #dej1 #gde4 #ig i4 #hde1--:i* is reproduc$ 9 ! ,pas*al ,*ronicle1 p4 #cgd4 #ih ,p4 #ahj2 cf4 p4 #afb4 #ii i4 #aed1 #ajdg4 #ajj i4 #cee1 #fif1 #f2 #ig iii4 #cdf4 #aja ,gr4 iii4 #dcd4 #ajb ,ap4 ,gall&4 ix4 #ged4 #ajc i4 #ehg2 ii4 #dec1 #ded2 vi4 #cic2 vii4 #caa1 #fgd2 viii4 #he2 xi4 #cdg4 ,also ,cat4 9 ,ps4 iii4 #aci4 #ajd ,ap4 ,*rys4 vi4 #dbd2 cf4 p4 #dag4 #aje ,9 ,luc4 pp4 #ab1 #af1 #ejb 7 ,mai1 ii4 #abh74 ,also ,mai1 ii4 #cdc1 ,hom4 de ,inc>n4 p4 #aji4 ,opp4 ii4 #eic2 v4#a #fha1 #cj1 #abh1 #chj1 #djb1 #aed2 vi4 #cih4 ,maii1 iii4#b #bhf4 #ajf i4 #bij1 #abih2 ii4 #ah2 iii4 #dhj4 #ajg ,ap4 ,gall&4 ix4 #ddf1 #dgf4 ,concil4 iii4 #ajja1 #ajbc4 #ajh ,concil4 iii4 #ajjb4 #aji ,ap4 ,gall&4 ix4 #fbi4 #aaj ,concil4 iii4 #ajie4 #aaa ,concil4 iii4 #hbi ,cyr4 ,opp4 vi4 #aei4 #aab ,nov4 ,auct>4 i4 #eif4 #aac ,montf4 ii4 #aeb1 #afj1 #bdg1 #bfi4 #aad ,hexaem4 ed4 ,migne1 vol4 #hi1 p4 #hii4 #aae ,ap4 ,gall&4 xii4 #cjh4 #aaf ,ed4 ,combefis1 #ad1 #ed2 ap4 ,gall&4 xiii4 #ajj1 #abc4 #aag ,ap4 ,gall&4 xiii4 #bce4 #aah ii4 #hcf4 #aai ,ap4 ,gall&4 xiii4 #bab4 #abj ,e4g4 ,*rys4 ,opp4 viii42 ,app5d4 #bad4 #aba ,p4 #f ,d4 #abb ,ap4 ,gall&4 iii4 #hji4 #abc ii4 #fjb4 #abd ii4 #aja1 #abb1 #djg4 #abe iii4 #ddg4 #abf ii4 #bih4 #abg ii4 #hjd2 iii4 #ghc2 v4 #fch1 #fgj1 #ghh2 viii4 #bad1 #bhe2 x4 #ged1 #hba4 #abh ,cord4 ,cat4 9 ,ps4 ii4 #ifj4 #abi ,( ! n9ety-two places above quot$1 ,tis*5dorf knew ( only elev51 ,tregelles adduces only six4--,nei!r critic seems to h be5 aw>e t 8,gregory ,?aum40 is n ! au?or ( ! citation !y ascribe to him4 ,& :y does ,tis*5dorf quote z ,basil's :at is kn[n n to h be5 88 #acj ,b !n1 note t ,c is only available = comp>ison d[n to ! end ( v]4 #e4 ,9 ! #i v]ses :i* h be5 lo/1 :o %all say h[ _m m ecc5tricities w\ld h be5 discov]able8 #aca ,companion to ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 pp4 #fb1 #fc4 ,words ( ! ,n4 ,t4 p4 #aic4 #acb ,words ( ! ,n4 ,t4 p4 #aic4 #acc ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort 7consi/5tly en\gh7 put !m on ! self-same foot+ ) ! evid5tly spuri\s end+ f\nd 9 ,l4 #acd ,true1 t a sep>ate volume ( ,greek ,text has be5 put =?1 %[+ e *ange :i* has be5 ei!r actually accept$1 or else sugge/$ = future possible acceptance4 ,b 79 ! words ( ! accompli%$ editor71 8! ,revis]s are n responsible = its publication40 ,moreov]1 7& ?is is ! *ief po9t17 x is a seal$ book to all b ,s*ol>s4 ,x 7 unh&some1 h[ev]1 to take leave ( ! le>n$ lab\rs ( ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] & ,ar*deacon ,palm]1 )\t a few words ( sympa?y & admiration4 ,_! volumes 7m5tion$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! pres5t ,article7 are all t 0 to h be5 expect$ f ! exquisite s*ol>%ip ( _! respective editors1 & w be ( abid+ int]e/ & value4 ,bo? volumes %\ld be 9 ! h&s ( e s*ol>1 = nei!r ( !m sup]s$es ! o!r4 ,dr4 ,scriv5] has 7) r>e ability & imm5se lab\r7 set be=e ! ,*ur*1 = ! fir/ "t1 ! ,greek ,text :i* 0 foll[$ by ! ,revis]s ( #afaa1 viz4 ,beza's ,n4 ,t4 ( #aeih1 supplem5t$ 9 above #aij places f o!r s\rces2 e "o ( :i* ! editor traces out 9 8 ,app5dix1 pp4 #fdh-ef4 ,at ! foot ( ea* page1 he %[s :at *anges h be5 introduc$ into ! ,text by ! ,revis]s ( #ahha4--;,dr4 ,palm]1 tak+ ! ,text ( ,/eph5s 7#aeej7 z 8 basis1 pres5ts u ) ! ,read+s adopt$ by ! ,revis]s ( ! 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10 & relegates ! displac$ ,read+s 7( #afaa7 to ! foot ( ea* page4--,we cordially congratulate !m bo?1 & ?ank !m = ! good s]vice !y h r5d]$4 #ace ,! numb] is n excessive4 ,!re 7 ab\t #fjj p]sons abo>d ! %ip 9 :i* ,josephus trav]s$ ! same wat]s4 7,life1 c4 ,,iii47 #acf ii4 #fa & #hc4 #acg ,isaiah xiv4 #ae4 #ach ,s4 ,mat!w xxi4 #a-c4 ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #a-f4 ,s4 ,luke xix4 #bi-cd4 #aci ,d ,l read-- 3 ,c991-- 3 ,b1-- 3 1-- 3 yscr-- 4 #adj iii4 #gbb1 #gdj4 #ada iii4 #gcg1 iv4 #aha4 #adb ,s4 ,matt4 xxi4 #h4 #adc ,exod4 x4 #ba-bc4 #add ,s4 ,mat?4 xxvii4 #de2 ,s4 ,m>k xv4 #cc2 ,s4 ,lu4 xxiii4 #dd4 #ade ,ap4 ,epiphan4 i4 #cag & #cdg4 #adf ,int5ebricatus e/ sol--a3 obscuratus e/ sol--b3 t5ebricavit sol--c4 #adg ,ap4 ,r\?1 ,opusc4 i4 #gi4 #adh i4 #ij1 #iac2 ap4 ,epiph4 i4 #ajjf4 #adi ,syr4 ii4 #dh4 ,s also ,evan4 ,conc4 pp4 #bde1 #bef1 #beg4 #aej ,mai1 ,scriptt4 ,vett4 vi4 #fd4 #aea i4 #cje4 #aeb ,ap4 ,mai1 ii4 #dcf2 iii4 #cie4 ,also ,luc4 #gbb4 #aec i4 #bhh1 #dag4 #aed ,p4 #bcc4 #aee ,ed4 by ,wright1 p4 #af4 #aef 8,sol m$i die t5ebricavit40 ,adv4 ,jud4 c4 xiii4 #aeg iii4 #ibb-d4 ,read ! :ole ( cap4 #acd4 ,see also ap4 ,gall&4 xiv4 #hb1 app5d41 :i* by ! way des]ves to be comp>$ ) ,*rys4 vii4 #hbe a4 #aeh 1 4--,r\?1 ii4 #bih4 #aei 1 1 p4 #bi4 #afj sc4 1 4 2 4--vii4 #hbe a4 #afa i4 #dad1 #dae2 iii4 #ef4 #afb ,ap4 ,mai1 iv4 #bjf4 ,b fur!r on he says3 444--,cyril ( ,j]usalem 7pp4 #eg1 #adf1 #aii1 #bja1 #bjb7 & ,cosmas 7ap4 ,montf4 ii4 #agg bis7 7 app>5tly acqua9t$ ) ! same read+1 b nei!r ( !m actually quotes ,luke xxiii4 #de4 #afc 8,9 quibusdam exempl>ibus non habetur t5ebr fact sunt1 et obscuratus e/ sol3 s$ ita1 t5ebr fact sunt sup] omnem t]ram1 sole defici5te4 ,et =sitan ausus e/ aliquis quasi manife/ius aliquid dic]e vol5s1 pro1 et obscuratus e/ sol1 pon]e defici5te sole1 exi/imans quod non alit] potuiss5t fi]i t5ebr1 nisi sole defici5te4 ,puto autem magis quod insidiatores ecclesi ,*ri/i mutav]unt hoc v]bum1 quoniam t5ebr fact sunt sole defici5te1 ut v]isimilit] evangelia argui poss9t secundum ad9v5tiones vol5tium argu]e illa40 7iii4 #ibc f4 a47 #afd vii4 #bce4 8,qui scrips]unt contra ,evangelia1 suspicantur deliquium solis10 c4 #afe ,?is re/s on little m ?an conjecture4 ,tis*4 ,cod4 ,ephr4 ,syr4 p4 #cbg4 #aff is only f\nd besides 9 elev5 lection>ies4 #afg ,! ,!baic repres5ts 8! sun sett+20 :i*1 7l ! m5tion ( 8eclipse107 is only ano!r int]pretation ( ! d>kness1--d]iv$ f ,j]4 xv4 #i or ,amos viii4 #i 78occidit sol m]idie074 ,comp>e ,ir5u iv4 #cc4 #ab1 7p4 #bgc17 :o says t ^! two prophecies f\nd fulfilm5t 9 8eum occasum solis qui1 crucifixo eo1 fuit ab hor sext40 ,he alludes to ! same places 9 iv4 #cd4 #c 7p4 #bge74 ,s does ,j]ome 7on ,matt4 xxvii4 #de71--8;,et hoc factum reor1 ut compleatur prophetia10 & !n he quotes ,amos & ,j]emiah2 f9ely add+ 7f "s anci5t s\rce71--8,videturque mihi cl>issimum lum5 mundi1 hoc e/ lum9>e majus1 retraxisse radios suos1 ne aut p5d5tem vid]et ,dom9um2 aut impii blasphemantes su luce fru]5tur40 #afh ,our old fri5d ( ,halic>nassus 7vii4 #cg71 speak+ ( an eclipse :i* happ5$ ,b4,c4 #dha1 rem>ks3 4 #afi ,= x w be p]ceiv$ t our ,revisioni/s h adopt$ ! read+ v\*$ = only by codex ,b4 ,:at c99 once read is z unc]ta9 z x is unimportant4 #agj ,bp4 ,ellicott's pamphlet1 p4 #fj4 #aga ,on ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 p4 #ad4 #agb 1 z 7probably7 ,victor ( ,antio* 7,cat4 p4 #abh71 expla9s ! place4 ,he cites "s "o else 7p4 #abi7 :o exhibits 2 & :o expla9s x ( ,h]od's difficulty ab\t gett+ rid ( ,h]odias4 #agc 1 1 w h be5 ! read+ ( t lo/ v5]able codex ( ! ,gospels :i* is *iefly repres5t$ at ?is day by ,evann4 #ac-fi-abd-cdf1--;z expla9$ by ,pr(essor ,abbott 9 8 ,introduction to ,pr(4 ,f]r>'s ,collation ( f\r important ,,mss41 etc4 7,dubl9 #ahgg74 ,! same read+ is also f\nd 9 ,evann4 #bh 3 #abb 3 #eda 3 #egb1 & ,ev/4 #aif4 ,diff]5t mu/ h be5 ! read+ ( t o!r v5]able exempl> :i* suppli$ ! ,lat9 ,*ur* ) its e>lie/ ,text4 ,b ( ?is let ! read] judge3--8,et cum audisset illum multa fac]e1 lib5t]10 c4 7c3 also 8,codex ,aureus0 & 1 bo? at ,/ockholm73 8et audito eo quod multa faciebat1 et lib5t]10 c4 7g#b q73 8et audi5s illum quia multa faciebat1 et lib5t]10 c4 7b74 ,! ,anglo-,saxon1 78& he he>d t he _m wond]s wr\ght1 & he gladly he>d him07 approa*es ne>e/ to ! la/ two4 ,! ,pes*ito ,syriac 7:i* is )\t v>iety ( read+ "h7 9 /rictness exhibits3--8,& _m ?+s he 0 he>+ f him & do+2 & gladly he 0 he>+ him40 ,b ?is1 by compet5t ,syriac s*ol>s1 is consid]$ to repres5t1-- 1 2 4--,cod4 is peculi> 9 exhibit+ 1 1--omitt+ 1 4--,! ,coptic also r5d]s1 8et audiebat multa ab eo1 et anxio erat corde40 ,f all ?is1 x becomes cle> t ! actual int5tion ( ! blund]+ au?or ( ! text exhibit$ by ,b ,l 01 to connect 1 n ) 1 b ) 4 ,s ! ,arabian v]sion3 b n ! ,go?ic1 ,arm5ian1 ,sclavonic1 or ,georgian1--z ,dr4 ,s4 ,c4 ,malan in=ms ! ,review]4 #agd ,note1 t tok5s ab\nd ( a det]m9ation anci5tly to assimilate ! ,gospels h]eab\ts4 ,?us1 because ! fir/ half ( ,luke ix4 #aj 7 _/ 7 & ! :ole ( ,mk4 vi4 #cj 7 _/ 7 are bracket$ toge!r by ,eusebius1 ! =m] place 9 codex ,a is f\nd br\ght into con=mity ) ! latt] by ! unau?oriz$ ins]tion ( ! clause 4--,! p>allelism ( ,mtt4 xiv4 #ac & ,lu4 ix4 #aj is ! reason :y ,d exhibits 9 ! latt] place - 7in/ead ( 74--,9 l mann]1 9 ,lu4 ix4 #aj1 codex ,a exhibits 1 in/ead ( 2 only because is ! ord] ( ,mtt4 xiv4 #ac & ,mk4 vi4 #cb4--,s aga91 codex 1 9 ! same v]se ( ,s4 ,luke1 entirely omits ! f9al clause 1 only 9 ord] to assimilate its text to t ( ! two e>li] ,gospels4--,b !re is no ne$ to look beyond ! limits ( ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #ad-af1 = pro(s ( ,assimilation4 ,in/ead ( 79 v]4 #ad71 ,b & exhibit --only because ^? words are f\nd 9 ,lu4 ix4 #g4 ,a sub/itutes 7= 7--only because t ^w is f\nd 9 ,lu4 ix4 #h4 ,= 1 ,c sub/itutes --only because ,s4 ,mat?4 s writes 9 *4 xiv4 #b4 ,d ins]ts into v]4 #ag--only because ( ,mtt4 xiv4 #c & ,lu4 iii4 #bj4 ,9 ,b ,l 1 7= 7 /&s 9 v]4 #bd--only by ,assimilation ) v]4 #ad4 7,l is = assimilat+ v]4 #be likewise71 1 ! ,syr41 & copies ( ! old ,lat91 transpose 79 v]4 #ad7--only because ^? words are transpos$ 9 ,mtt4 xiv4 #b4444 ,if facts l ^! d n op5 m5's eyes to ! dang] ( foll[+ ! fa%ionable guides1 x is to be fe>$ t no?+ ev] w4 ,! f\le/ blot ( all rema9s to be notic$4 ,w x be believ$ t 9 v]4 #bb1 codices ,b ,d ,l conspire 9 repres5t+ ! danc] 7^: "n is kn[n to h be5 8,salome07 z ano!r 8,h]odias0--,h]od's own daught]8 ,?is gross p]v]sion ( ! tru?1 alike ( ,scripture & ( hi/ory--a read+ z prepo/]\s z x is revolt+1 & !re=e reject$ hi!rto by all ! editors & all ! critics--f9ds und\bt+ fav\r ) ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort4 ,calamit\s to relate1 x also disfigures ! m>g9 ( our ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #bb1 9 consequ5ce4 #age i4e4 8,&0 is omitt$ by ,b ,l 3 8imm$iately0 by ,c3 8) te>s0 by ,a ,b ,c ,l 3 8,"l0 by ,a ,b ,c ,d ,l4--,9 ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #af--7viz4 8,b :5 ,h]od he>d !re(1 he said ,?is is ,john :om ,i behead$4 ,he is ris5 f ! dead107--! five words 9 brackets are omitt$ by our ,revis]s on ! au?ority ( ,b 7,d7 ,l 4 ,b ,d fur!r omit 3 ,c ,d omit 3 ,b ,d ,l omit 4 ,to enum]ate & expla9 ! effects ( all ! b>b>\s ,mutilations :i* ! ,gospels alone h su/a9$ at ! h&s ( 1 ( ,b1 & ( ,d--w\ld fill _m volumes l ! pres5t4 #agf ,*ryso/om1 vii4 #hbe4 #agg ,on ! ,cre$1 ,art4 iv4 8,dead30 ab\t half-way ?r\gh4 #agh ,! ,coptic repres5ts 4 #agi ,namely1 ( 4 1 :i* is ! read+ ( e kn[n copy b two2 besides ,orig51 ,eusebius1 ,cyril ,j]41 ,*ryso/om1 c4 ,only ,b ,l read 1--:i* ,we/cott & ,hort adopt4 #ahj i4 #bfa4 #aha i4 #icf1 #acfc4 #ahb i4 #aeh4 #ahc ,p4 #cja4 #ahd ,ap4 ,gall&4 vi4 #ec4 #ahe ,p4 #cif4 #ahf vii4 #dca4 #ahg 8,ut ab additam5ti ratione ali5um e/1 ita cur omis]9t 9 promptu e/40 #ahh ,b !n1 #be 7out ( #cbj7 pages ( ,d are lo/3 ,d's omissions 9 ! ,gospels may !re=e be e/imat$ at #djjj4 ,codex ,a does n admit ( comp>ison1 ! fir/ #bd *apt]s ( ,s4 ,mat!w hav+ p]i%$2 b1 f exam9+ ! way x exhibits ! o!r ?ree ,gospels1 x is f\nd t #fej w\ld ab\t repres5t ! numb] ( words omitt$ f its text4--,! discrepancy betwe5 ! texts ( ,b ,d1 ?us = ! fir/ "t br\ght di/9ctly into notice1 let x be di/9ctly borne 9 m9d1 is a matt] :olly irrespective ( ! m]its or dem]its ( ! ,textus ,receptus1--:i*1 = conv5i5ce only1 is adopt$ z a /&>d3 n1 ( c\rse1 ( ,excell5ce b only ( ,comp>ison4 #ahi ,viz4 ! #a/1 ! #g? to #ab? inclusive1 & ! #ae?4 #aij ,conc]n+ 8! s+ul> codex ,d10--z ,bp4 ,ellicott phrases x1--see back1 pages #ad & #ae4 #aia ,bp4 ,ellicott ,on ,revision1--p4 #db4 ,conc]n+ ! value ( ! la/-nam$ au?ority1 x is a satisfaction to enjoy ! delib]ate te/imony ( ! ,*airman ( ! ,revisioni/ body4 ,see bel[1 p4 #he4 #aib i4 #aef4 #aic ii4 #bed4 #aid i4 #cdd #aie iv4 #bbj1 #abah4 #aif ,9 ,luc4 #ffd 7,mai1 iv4 #aaje74 #aig ii4 #fec4 #aih 8,9 ,luc legimus duos calices1 quibus discipulis prop9avit10 vii4 #baf4 #aii 2 4 1 1 1 1 4 #bjj ,p4 #ajfb4 #bja ii4 #gdg4 #bjb i4 #aeaf4 ,see bel[1 p4 #hb4 #bjc ,abbott's ,collation ( f\r important ,manuscripts1 c41 #ahgg4 #bjd ii4 #ced4 #bje ,pp4 #edc & #fha 7 ed4 ,mass4 #bai & #bgg74 #bjf ,contra ,noet4 c4 #ah2 also ap4 ,!odoret iv4 #acb-c4 #bjg ,ap4 ,gall&4 xix42 ,app5d4 #aaf1 #aag4 #bjh ,evan4 ,conc4 pp4 #ee1 #bce4 #bji ,ap4 ,epiph4 i4 #gdb1 #ghe4 #baj ,x is #bhc 9 8 sectional sy/em4 #baa ,p4 #aaba4 #bab ii4 #dc2 v4 #cib2 vi4 #fjd4 ,also ,evan4 ,conc4 #bce4 ,& see bel[1 p4 #hb4 #bac ,pp4 #cid1 #djb4 #bad i4 #eea4 #bae i4 #gdb1 #ghe2 ii4 #cf1 #db4 #baf v4 #bfc2 vii4 #gia2 viii4 #cgg4 #bag ii4 #ci4 #bah ,ap4 ,!od4 ,mops4 #bai ,9 loc4 bis2 ap4 ,gall&4 xii4 #fic2 & ,mai1 ,scriptt4 ,vett4 vi4 #cjf4 #bbj ,concilia1 iii4 #cbg a4 #bba ,ap4 ,mai1 iii4 #chi4 #bbb ,concilia1 iii4 #aaja d4 #bbc ,s*ol4 #cd4 #bbd i4 #fib2 iv4 #bga1 #dbi2 v4 #bc4 ,conc4 iii4 #ijg e4 #bbe ,concilia1 iii4 #gdj d4 #bbf ,ap4 ,gall&4 vi4 #af1 #ag1 #ai4 #bbg ,ap4 ,cosmam1 ii4 #cca4 #bbh i4 #edd4 #bbi ,9 ,dionys4 ii4 #ah1 #cj4 #bcj ,ap4 ,gall&4 xii4 #fic4 #bca ,ibid4 #fhh4 #bcb ,pp4 #ajh1 #ajbh1 #ajdh4 #bcc ,epi/4 #ach #bcd ,p4 #ajfa4 #bce ii4 #gdg4 #bcf iv4 #ija1 #ijb1 #ajac1 #aefd4 #bcg ,p4 #cgc4 #bch ,ap4 ,gall&4 ix4 #dj4 #bci ,ibid4 xi4 #fic4 #bdj ,let _! own acc\nt ( ! matt] be he>d3--8,! docum5t>y evid5ce cle>ly designates ^! v]ses z an e>ly ,we/]n int]polation1 adopt$ 9 eclectic texts40--8,!y c only be a fragm5t f ! ,traditions1 writt5 or oral1 :i* 7 = a :ile at lea/ locally curr5t30--an 8evangelic ,tradition10 !re=e1 8rescu$ f oblivion by ! ,scribes ( ! second c5tury40 #bda ,consid] ! places ref]r$ to 9 ,epiphanius4 #bdb ,! ,editors %all speak = !mselves conc]n+ ?is1 ! fir/ ( ! 8,sev5 la/ ,words30--8,we _c d\bt t x comes f an extrane\s s\rce30--8ne$ n h belong$ orig9ally to ! book 9 :i* x is n[ includ$30--is 8a ,we/]n int]polation40 ,dr4 ,hort1--unconsci\s app>5tly t he is at ! b>1 n on ! b5*1--passes s5t5ce 79 8 usual imp]ial /yle7--8,text1 ,we/]n & ,syrian0 7p4 #fg74--;,b !n1 7#a/7 ,x happ5s t our ,,"l',s int]cession on behalf ( ,8 murd]]s is atte/$ by upw>ds ( =ty ,patri/ic witnesses f e "p ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom3 :ile1 7#bndly7 ,on ! contr>y1 ! places 9 :i* x is n f\nd are c]ta9 copies ( ! old ,lat91 & codex ,d1 :i* is suppos$ to be our great 8,we/]n0 witness4 #bdc ,dr4 ,hort's ,n4 ,t4 vol4 ii4 ,note1 p4 #fh4 #bdd ,ap4 ,eus4 ,hi/4 ,eccl4 ii4 #bc4 #bde ,p4 #eba & 444 ,mass4 #baj & #bgg4 #bdf ,ed4 ,lag>de1 p4 #fe l9e #c4 #bdg ii4 #ahh4 ,hr4 iii4 #ah p4 #e4 #bdh ,ap4 ,gall4 iii4 #ch1 #abg4 #bdi ,ibid4 ii4 #gad4 7,hom4 xi4 #bj47 #bej ,evan4 ,conc4 #bge4 #bea ,ap4 ,r\?1 v4 #afa4 #beb ,he places ! v]ses 9 ,c4 x4 #bec i4 #aabj4 #bed iii4 #bhi4 #bee ,cat4 9 ,ps4 iii4 #bai4 #bef i4 #bij4 #beg #ae times4 #beh ii4 #dh1 #cba1 #dbh2 ii4 7syr47 #bcc4 #bei ,evan4 ,conc4 #aag1 #bef4 #bfj i4 #fjg4 #bfa ,pp4 #bcb1 #bhf4 #bfb ,p4 #he4 #bfc ,pp4 #aa1 #af4 ,dr4 ,wright assigns !m to ! ,i,vth c5tury4 #bfd ,eph4 c4 x4 #bfe ii4 #aff1 #afh1 #bbf4 #bff #f times4 #bfg ,ap4 ,mai1 ii4 #aig 7 ,cram] #eb72 iii4 #cib4--;,dr4 ,hort's /r5u\s plead+ = ! au?ority ( ,cyril on ?is occasion 7:o h[ev] is pla9ly aga9/ him7 is amus+4 ,s is 8 claim to h ! cursive 8#hb0 on 8 side4 ,he is c]ta9ly r$uc$ to t]rible /raits ?r\gh\t 8 +5i\s volume4 ,yet are we sc>cely prep>$ to f9d an upright & hon\rable man cont5d+ s hotly1 & almo/ on any pretext1 = ! support ( ^? v ,fa!rs :i*1 :5 !y are aga9/ him1 7z1 #ii times out ( #ajj1 !y are17 he treats ) utt] contumely4 ,he is obs]v$ to put up ) any ally1 h[ev] insignificant1 :o ev5 seems to be on 8 side4 #bfh ,ap4 ,!od4 v4 #aaeb4 #bfi ,pp4 #dbc1 #deg4 #bgj ,cat4 9 ,ps4 i4 #gfh2 ii4 #ffc4 #bga ,pp4 #aaji1 #aacd4 #bgb i4 #cgd4 #bgc ,p4 #ic4 #bgd ii4 #fg1 #gdg4 #bge i4 #had2 ii4 #hai2 v4 #gce4 #bgf ,p4 #hh4 #bgg ,ap4 ,*rys4 vi4 #aia4 #bgh #aa times4 #bgi ,p4 #ghb f4 #bhj #ab times4 #bha ,m ?an #fj times4 #bhb ,ap4 ,cypr4 7ed4 ,baluze71 c4 c4 #bhc ,on ,revision1--p4 #db note4 ,see above1 p4 #gh note4 #bhd ,eclog4 ,proph4 p4 #hi4 #bhe ,9 ,luc4 #dce & #gah4 #bhf ,see pages #ic to #ig4 #bhg i4 #aebh4 #bhh ,s ,s$ulius ,pas*alis1 ap4 ,gall&4 ix4 #eie4 #bhi iii4 #b4 #bij ,euseb4 ,ecl4 ,proph4 p4 #hi3 ,greg4 ,nyss4 i4 #egj4--,^! la/ two places h hi!rto escap$ obs]vation4 #bia ,see above1 pp4 #di-ej1 note #b4 #bib ,viz41 ?us3-- 1 4 #bic ,dean ,al=d1 9 loc4 #bid 1 1 2 1 4441--ad ,m>9um1 ap4 ,mai1 iv4 #bff4 #bie ,ps4 i4 #gi4 #bif ,dem4 #dib4 #big ,ap4 ,mai1 iv4 #bhg1 #bic4 #bih i4 #cfd4 #bii ,ap4 ,mai1 ii4 #dci4 #cjj ,ap4 ,gall&4 xi4 #bbd4 #cja ,cat4 9 ,joann4 p4 #dec4 #cjb ,ps4-,*rys4 viii4 #afa-b4 ,johannes ,!ssal4 ap4 ,gall&4 xiii4 #ahi4 #cjc ,ap4 ,mai1 iv4 #bic bis2 #bid dis]te4 #cjd i4 #ejf1 #aeda4 #cje iii4 #ia4 #cjf iv4 #aajh1 & ,luc4 #gbh 7 ,mai1 ii4 #dda74 #cjg iii4#b #adb2 viii4 #dgb4 #cjh ,s ,t]tullian3--8,manus et p$es suos inspici5dos (f]t0 7,c>n4 c4 #e74 8,inspectui eorum manus et p$es suos (f]t0 7,m>c4 iv4 c4 #dc74 ,also ,j]ome i4 #gab4 #cji ,de ,resur4 #bdj 7quot$ by ,j4 ,damasc5e1 ii4 #gfb74 #caj ,ap4 ,mai1 iv4 #bid4 #caa i4 #ijf1 quot$ by ,epiph4 i4 #ajjc4 #cab ,ap4 ,!odoret1 iv4 #ada4 #cac i4 #di4 #cad i4 #eaj2 ii4 #djh1 #dah2 iii4 #ia4 #cae iv4 #aajh2 vi4 #bc 7,tr9474 ,ap4 ,mai1 ii4 #ddb t]4 #caf iv4 #bgb4 #cag ,cat4 9 ,joan4 #dfb1 #c4 #cah i4 #cjc4 #cai ,see above1 pp4 #gh & #he4 #cbj iii4 #egi4 #cba ii4 #aad 7ed4 #afih74 #cbb ii4 #i1 #cfb1 #fbb4 #cbc ii4 #cji2 iv4 #cj2 v4 #eca2 vii4 #eha4 #cbd vi4 #gi4 #cbe ,ep4 i4 7ap4 ,gall4 i4 p4 xii47 #cbf ii4 #dfd4 #cbg ,text1 pp4 #efe & #ega4 #cbh ,app5d4 p4 #ad4 #cbi ,we dep5d = our ,v]sions on ,dr4 ,s4 ,c4 ,malan3 pp4 #ca1 #dd4 #ccj ii4 #adg4 ,conc4 v4 #fge4 #cca ,cord4 ,cat4 i4 #cgf4 #ccb vii4 #eii1 #fjj dis]te4 #ccc ,ap4 ,photium1 p4 #fdd4 #ccd ,?ree times4 #cce i4 #ffc1 #adfa1 ii4 #aacg4 #ccf ,pp4 #cfg1 #fii4 #ccg vii4 #aci4 #cch ,ap4 ,gall&4 vi4 #cbd4 #cci iii4 ,p4 i4 #gfj4 #cdj ,text1 p4 #egb4 #cda ,app5d4 p4 #ad4 #cdb 1 4 #cdc ,viz4 f *4 xix4 #g to xx4 #df4 #cdd ,we take leave to po9t out t1 h[ev] fav\rable ! e/imate ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort may h p]sonally =m$ ( ! value & importance ( ! ,vatican ,codex 7,b71 no?+ c excuse _! summ>y h&l+1 n to say _! contemptu\s disreg>d1 ( all evid5ce adv]se to t ( _! own fav\rite guide4 ,!y pass by :atev] makes aga9/ ! read+ !y adopt1 ) ! oracul> ann\ncem5t t ! rival read+ is 8,syrian10 8,we/]n10 8,we/]n & ,syrian10 z ! case may be4 ,b we respectfully submit t 8,syrian10 8,we/]n10 8,we/]n & ,syrian10 z ,critical expressions1 are absolutely )\t mean+1 z well z )\t use to a /ud5t 9 ?is difficult dep>tm5t ( sacr$ ,sci5ce4 ,!y supply no in=mation4 ,!y are nev] support$ by a p>ticle ( intelligible evid5ce4 ,!y are (t5 demon/rably wrong1 & always unreasonable4 ,!y are ,dictation1 n ,criticism4 ,:5 at la/ x is discov]$ t !y d b signify t c]ta9 words are n f\nd 9 codex ,b1--!y are p]ceiv$ to be ! v]ie/ fooli%ness also4 ,progress is impossible :ile ?is me?od is p]mitt$ to prevail4 ,if ^! di/+ui%$ ,pr(essors h enjoy$ a ,revelation z to :at ! ,evangeli/s actually wrote1 !y w\ld d well to acqua9t ! _w ) ! fact at ! e>lie/ possible mom5t4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 !y are m]ely rely+ on _! own inn] consci\sness = ! p[] ( div9+ ! tru? ( ,scripture at a glance1--!y mu/ be prep>$ to f9d _! decrees treat$ ) ! contumely :i* is due to impo/ure1 ( :atev] k9d4 #cde ,m>cion 7,epiph4 i4 #cag72--;,eusebius 7,mai1 iv4 #bff72--;,epiphanius 7i4 #cdh72--;,cyril 7,mai1 ii4 #dch72--;,john ,!ssal4 7,gall&4 xiii4 #ahh74 #cdf ,! discussion ( ?is text has be5 left v ne>ly z x orig9ally /ood1--! r1 because ! read+ ( #a ,tim4 iii4 #af w be f\nd fully discuss$ at ! end ( ! pres5t volume4 ,see ,index ( ,texts4 #cdg ,companion to ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 c41 by ,alex4 ,rob]ts1 ,d4,d4 7#bnd edit471 pp4 #ff-h4 #cdh ,( ?is1 any "o may conv9ce himself by m]ely inspect+ ! #b pages ( codex ,a :i* are expos$ to view at ! ,briti% ,museum4 #cdi ,=1 ( ! #c cursives usually cit$ = ! same read+ 7#ag1 #gc1 #aha71 ! second proves 7on enquiry at ,upsala7 to be m]ely an abridgm5t ( cum5ius1 :o c]ta9ly read 2 & ! la/ is non-exi/5t4 #cej ,concilia1 ii4 #bag c4 #cea viii4 #bad b4 #ceb ,a s+le quotation is bett] ?an _m ref]5ces4 ,among a multitude ( pro(s t ,,*ri/ is ,,god1 ,gregory says3-- 2 1 4 ii4 #fic4 #cec 444 1 4 7i4 #bae a47-- 8444 4 7i4 #fhe b47 #ced ,de ,tr94 p4 #hc--:]e ! te/imony is express4 #cee 4--,concilia1 i4 #hec d4 #cef ,cram]'s ,cat4 9 ,rom4 p4 #abd4 #ceg ,"o quotation may suffice3-- 1 444 4 2 2 2 2 2 1 444 i4 #dig4 ,gall&4 xiv4 #ada4 #ceh ,! foll[+ may suffice3-- 2 2 4 v4 p4 ii42 p4 #aed c d4--,9 a newly-recov]$ treatise ( ,cyril1 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is quot$ at l5g? ) 1 foll[$ by a rem>k on ! 4 ,?is at lea/ is decisive4 ,! place has be5 hi!rto ov]look$4 #cei i4 #ib2 iii4 #feg2 iv4 #ai1 #bc4 #cfj ,apud ,a?anasium1 ,opp4 ii4 #cc1 :]e see ,g>ni]'s prefatory note4 #cfa sc4 444 1 4 ,cram]'s ,cat4 iii4 #fi4 ,! quotation is f ! lo/ "w ( ,sev]us aga9/ ,julian ( ,halic>nassus4 #cfb ,gall&4 xii4 #aeb e1 #aec e1 ) ! notes bo? ( ,g>ni] & ,gall&ius4 #cfc i4 #cac2 ii4 #bfc4 #cfd ,ap4 ,a?anas4 i4 #gjf4 #cfe iii4 #dja-b4 #cff ,ap4 ,phot4 #bcj4 #cfg ,contra ,hr4 ,noet4 c4 #ag4 #cfh ,ap4 ,clem4 ,al4 #igc4 #cfi ,cap4 xii4 #cgj ,ad ,eph4 c4 #ai1 #g2 ad ,magn4 c4 #h4 #cga ,see ,scriv5]'s ,pla9 ,introd4 pp4 #eee-f1 & ,b]riman's ,diss]tation1 pp4 #bbi-bfc4 ,also ! end ( ?is volume4 #cgb i4 #hhg c4 #cgc ii4 #gd b4 #cgd ,see above1 p4 #ih4 #cge ,z1 t /upid fabrication1 2 79 ,s4 ,mat?4 xix4 #ag73--! new incid5ts & say+s propos$ = adoption1 z 9 ,s4 ,m>k i4 #bg 79 ! ,synagogue ( ,cap]naum73 9 ,s4 ,john xiii4 #ba-f 7at ! la/ supp]73 9 ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #ag 7on ! way to ,emmaus73--! _m propos$ omissions1 z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 vi4 #ac 7! ,doxology73 9 xvi4 #b1 #c 7! signs ( ! wea!r73 9 ,s4 ,m>k ix4 #dd #df 7! words ( woe73 9 ,s4 ,john v4 #c1 #d 7! ,angel tr\bl+ ! pool71 c4 c4 c4 #cgf ,x _c be too pla9ly or too (t5 /at$ t le>n$ ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] is :olly guiltless ( ! _m spuri\s 8,read+s0 ) :i* a majority ( 8 co-,revisioni/s h corrupt$ ! ,^w ( ,,god4 ,he plead$ fai?fully1--b he plead$ 9 va94--,x is "r also to /ate t ! s*ol>like ,bp4 ( ,s4 ,&rews 7,dr4 ,*>les ,wordswor?7 has fully purg$ himself ( ! suspicion ( complicity1 by 8 pr9t$ 7n publi%$7 remon/rances ) 8 colleagues4--,! excell5t ,bp4 ( ,salisbury 7,dr4 ,mob]ly7 att5d$ only #aba ( _! #djg meet+s2 & t judici\s s*ol>1 ! ,abp4 ( ,dubl9 7,dr4 ,tr5*7 only #fc4 ,! read] w f9d m on ?is subject at ! close ( ,art4 ,,ii41--pp4 #bbh-cj4 #cgg ,eusebius1--,basil1--,*ryso/om 79 loc471--,j]ome1--,juv5cus1--omit ! words4 ,p4 ,e4 ,pusey f\nd !m 9 no ,syriac copy4 ,b ! conclusive evid5ce is suppli$ by ! ,manuscripts2 n m ?an #a out ( #bj ( :i* conta9 ?is clause4 #cgh 8,revis$ ,text0 ( ,s4 ,luke vi4 #dh4 #cgi 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10 support$ by ,a ,c ,d & #ab o!r uncials1 ! :ole body ( ! cursives1 ! ,syriac1 ,lat91 & ,go?ic v]sions4 #chj 8,revis$ ,text0 ( ,s4 ,luke v4 #ci4 #cha 8,au?oriz$ ,v]sion10 support$ by ,a ,c & #ad o!r uncials1 ! :ole body ( ! cursives1 & all ! v]sions except ! ,pes*ito & ! ,coptic4 #chb ,address at ,l9coln ,diocesan ,conf]5ce1--p4 #af4 #chc ,on ,revision1--p4 #ii4 #chd ,dial4 capp4 #hh & #ajc 7pp4 #cjf1 #caj1 #ceb74 #che ,p4 #aac4 #chf ,ap4 ,gall&4 iii4 #gai1 c d4 #chg iv4 #ae 7ap4 ,gall4 iv4 #bif b74 #chh #db b1 #ifa e1 #ajid a4 #chi ,ap4 ,gall&4 iv4 #fje 7v]4 #cfe-f74 #cij ,ap4 ,aug4 viii4 #dbc e4 #cia 8,vox illa ,patris1 qu sup] baptizatum facta e/ ,ego hodie g5ui te10 7,en*irid4 c4 #di ,opp4 vi4 #bae a73-- 8,illud v]o quod nonnulli codices hab5t secundum ,lucam1 hoc illa voce sonuisse quod 9 ,psalmo scriptum e/1 ,filius meus es tu3 ego hodie g5ui te1 quanquam 9 antiquioribus codicibus ,grcis non inv5iri p]hibeatur1 tam5 si aliquibus fide dignis exempl>ibus confirm>i possit1 quid aliud quam utrumque intellig5dum e/ quolibet v]borum ord9e de clo sonuisse80 7,de ,cons4 ,ev4 ii4 c4 #ad ,opp4 iii4 ,p4 ii4 #df d e74 ,augu/9e seems to allude to :at is f\nd to h exi/$ 9 ! ,ebionite ,gospel4 #cib ,epiphanius 7i4 #ach b7 quotes ! passage :i* conta9s ! /atem5t4 #cic -- 3 also--4 #cid ,= my in=mation on ?is subject1 ,i am entirely indebt$ to "o :o is always lib]al 9 communicat+ ! lore ( :i* he is p]haps ! sole liv+ deposit>y 9 ,engl&1--! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,s4 ,c4 ,malan4 ,see 8 ,sev5 ,*apt]s ( ! ,revision ( #ahha1 revis$1--p4 #c4 ,b especially %\ld ! read] be ref]r$ to ,dr4 ,malan's le>n$ diss]tation on ?is v subject 9 8 ,select ,read+s 9 ,we/cott & ,hort's ,gr4 ,text ( ,s4 ,mat?41--pp4 #a to #bb4 #cie ,s ,dr4 ,malan 9 8 ,select ,read+s 7see above note #a71--pp4 #ae1 #ag1 #ai4 #cif 8,lib] g5itur ,jesu ,*ri/i filii ,david1 filii ,abraham0 444 8,gradatim ordo d$ucitur ad ,*ri/i nativitatem40--,de ,c>ne ,*ri/i1 c4 #bb4 #cig ,a fri5dly critic compla9s t we d n specify :i* editions ( ! ,fa!rs we quote4 ,our reply is--,?is 0 a ,review1 n a ,treatise4 ,we are con/ra9$ to omit su* details4 ,briefly1 we always quote ! be/ ,edition4 ,critical read]s c exp]i5ce no difficulty 9 v]ify+ our ref]5ces4 ,a few details %all h[ev] be add$3 ,ju/9 7,otto73 ,ir5u 7,/i]573 ,clem5s ,al4 7,pott]73 ,t]tullian 7,oehl]73 ,cyprian 7,baluze73 ,eusebius 7,gais=d73 ,a?anas4 7#afih73 ,greg4 ,nyss4 7#afch73 ,epiphan4 7#afbb73 ,didymus 7#agfi73 ,ephraem ,syr4 7#agcb73 ,j]ome 7,vall>si73 ,nilus 7#affh-gc73 ,*ryso/om 7,montfaucon73 ,cyril 7,aub]t73 ,isidorus 7#afch73 ,!odoret 7,s*ulze73 ,maximus 7#afge73 ,john ,damasc5e 7,lequi573 ,photius 7#afec74 ,mo/ ( ! o!rs 7z ,orig51 ,greg4 ,nazianz41 ,basil1 ,cyril ( ,j]41 ,ambrose1 ,hil>y1 ,augu/9e71 are quot$ f ! ,b5$ict9e editions4 ,:5 we say 8,mai10 we always mean 8 ,nova ,biblio?4 ,,pp4 #aheb-ga4 ,by 8,montfaucon10 we mean ! ,nov4 ,coll4 ,,pp4 #agjg4 ,x is necessity t makes u s brief4 #cih ,concilia1 iii4 #eba a to d4 #cii i4#b #cdj4 #djj ,p4 #hhi l9e #cg 774 #dja i4 #idc c4 #djb i4 #gce4 #djc v4#a #cfc1 #fgf4 #djd ,concil4 iii4 #cbe 7 ,cyril v4#b #bh a74 #dje vii4 #dh2 viii4 #cad4 #djf ,9 ,mat?4 ii4 #af4 #djg ,ps4-,a?anas4 ii4 #cjf & #gjj3 ps4-,*ryso/4 xii4 #fid4 #djh ,p4 #dgj4 #dji ,gall4 ix4 #bae4 #daj ,tr94 #ahh4 #daa i4 #bej b4 #dab i4 #dbf a 774 #dac 2 1 4--,gall&4 xiv4 ,app5d4 pp4 #gc1 #gd4 #dad dat$ #bb ,may ,a4,d4 #cei ap4 ,a?an4 i4 #gba d4 #dae i4 #gbb c4 #daf ,p4 #bj ( ! newly-recov]$ ,diatess>on1 translat$ f ! ,arm5ian4 ,! ,exposition is claim$ = ,ephraem ,syrus4 #dag ,dr4 ,malan1 ,sev5 ,*apt]s ( ! ,revision1 revis$1 p4 #g4 #dah ,see bel[1 note #ac4 #dai ,see p4 #abb1 note #aa4 #dbj i4 #ich1 #ieb4 ,also ps4-,a?an4 ii4 #dji1 excell5tly4 #dba ,tr94 #cdi4 #dbb ,p4 #aaf4 #dbc i4 #cib2 ii4 #eii1 #fjj4 #dbd ii4 #bbi4 #dbe ,see p4 #abb1 note #aa4 #dbf i4 #dbf1 #ajdi 7#e times71 #ajeb-c4 #dbg vii4 #gf4 #dbh ,gall&4 ix4 #fcf4 #dbi ,p4 #f 7 3 :i* is also ! read+ ( ,syrev & ( ! ,sahidic4 ,! ,memphitic v]sion repres5ts 47 #dcj i4 #bgf4 #dca ,gal4 xiii4 #ffb4 #dcb ,9 ,cat4 #dcc ii4 #dfb4 #dcd 8,ex hoc loco quidam p]v]sissime suspicantur et alios filios habuisse ,m>iam1 dic5tes primog5itum non dici nisi qui habeat et fratres0 7vii4 #ad74 ,he ref]s to 8 treatise aga9/ ,helvidius1 ii4 #baj4 #dce ,preface to ,pa/oral ,epi/les1--m fully quot$ fac+ p4 #a4 #dcf ,! ,preface 7quot$ above fac+ p4 #a17 is dat$ #crd ,nov4 #ahfh4 #dcg ,lectures on ,biblical ,revision1 7#ahha7 pp4 #aaf seqq4 ,see above1 pp4 #cg-i4 #dch ,on ,revision1 pp4 #cj & #di4 #dci ,! ,new ,te/am5t ( ,our ,"l & ,savi\r ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 translat$ out ( ! ,greek3 be+ ! ,v]sion set =? ,a4,d4 #afaa1 comp>$ ) ! mo/ anci5t ,au?orities1 & ,revis$ ,a4,d4 #ahha4 ,pr9t$ = ! ,univ]sities ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge1 #ahha4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! ,orig9al ,greek1 accord+ to ! ,text foll[$ 9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 toge!r ) ! ,v>iations adopt$ 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion4 ,edit$ = ! ,syndics ( ! ,cambridge ,univ]sity ,press1 by ,f4 ,h4 ,a4 ,scriv5]1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,preb5d>y ( ,exet] & ,vic> ( ,h5don4 ,cambridge1 #ahha4 4 ,! ,greek ,te/am5t1 ) ! ,read+s adopt$ by ! ,revis]s ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,edit$ by ! ,v54 ,ar*deacon ,palm]1 ,d4,d4 ,ox=d1 #ahha4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! ,orig9al ,greek4 ,! ,text revis$ by ,brooke ,foss ,we/cott1 ,d4,d41 & ,f5ton ,john ,an?ony ,hort1 ,d4,d4 ,cambridge & ,london1 #ahha4 #ddj ,malan's ,gospel ( ,s4 ,john translat$ f ! ,elev5 olde/ ,v]sions4 #dda ,int4 ii4 #gb2 iv4 #fbb dis4 #ddb ,c4 ,noet4 #d4 #ddc i4 #abge4 #ddd ,tr94 #cfc4 #dde ,ap4 ,gall4 v4 #fg4 #ddf i4 #bhb4 #ddg i4 #dhf4 #ddh ,ep4 ad ,paul4 ,sam4 ,concil4 i4 #hgb e2 #hhi e4 #ddi ,ap4 ,gall&4 iv4 #efc4 #dej vii4 #edf2 viii4 #aec1 #aed1 #bgg4 #dea iii4 #egj2 iv4 #bbf1 #ajdi1 #aaec4 #deb iv4 #aej 7text72 vi4 #cj1 #afi4 ,mai1 ii4 #fi4 #dec ,concilia1 iii4 #aajb d4 #ded ,quot$ by ,leontius 7,gall4 xii4 #fic74 #dee ,9 ,cat4 ,cord4 #if4 #def ,ibid4 p4 #id4 #deg ,cat4 9 ,ps4 ii4 #cbc & #cdc4 #deh ,ap4 ,photium1 p4 #bha4 #dei ,montf4 ii4 #bhf4 #dfj i4 #bhh1 #eei1 #efg4 #dfa ,ps4-,a?an4 ii4 #dfd4 ,ano!r1 #fbe4 ,ano!r1 #fcj4 ,ps4-,epiphan4 ii4 #bhg4 #dfb i4 #hfc1 #ijc1 #adbh4 #dfc ,gall4 iii4 #bif4 #dfd #cb dis42 #ead2 #ajde dis4 #dfe ,gall4 vi4 #aib4 #dff iv4 #fgi4 #dfg ,ap4 ,a?an4 ii4 #fdf4 #dfh ,gall4 v4 #abd4 #dfi ,ibid4 iii4 #fbh1 #fge4 #dgj ,ibid4 ix4 #cfg4 #dga ,ibid4 ix4 #dic4 #dgb ,let ! ,read]1 ) a map spread be=e him1 survey ! :]eab\ts ( ! sev]al ,,v]sions above enum]at$1 & m5tally assign ea* ,,fa!r to 8 own approximate locality3 !n let him be> 9 m9d t #iie out ( #ajjj ( ! extant ,,manuscripts agree ) ^? ,fa!rs & ,v]sions2 & let him fur!r recognize t ^? ,,mss4 7execut$ at diff]5t dates 9 diff]5t c\ntries7 mu/ sev]ally repres5t indep5d5t remote orig9als1 inasmu* z no two ( !m are f\nd to be q alike4--,next1 let him consid] t1 9 all ! ,*ur*es ( ! ,ea/1 ^! words f ! e>lie/ p]iod 7 read z "p ( ! ,gospel = ! ,?ursday 9 ,ea/] week4--,?is done1 let him decide :e!r x is reasonable t two wor%ipp]s ( codex ,b--,a4,d4 #ahha--%\ld attempt to ?ru/ all ?is mass ( anci5t evid5ce clean out ( sight by _! p]emptory s5t5ce ( exclusion1--8,,we/]n ,,& ,,syrian40 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort in=m u t 8! "* ( ! atte/ation m>ks0 ! clause 7 71 8z a ,,we/]n ,,gloss40 ,b ! 8atte/ation0 = reta9+ t clause--7a7 ,comes demon/rably f e qu>t] ( anci5t ,*ri/5dom3--7b7 ,is m anci5t 7by #bjj ye>s7 ?an ! evid5ce = omitt+ x3--7c7 ,is m num]\s1 9 ! proportion ( #ii to #a3--7;d7 ,9 po9t ( respectability1 /&s absolutely alone4 ,= s9ce we h prov$ t ,orig5 & ,didymus1 ,epiphanius & ,cyril1 ,ambrose & ,j]ome1 recognize ! words 9 dispute1 ( :at possible ,textual significancy c x be if pres5tly 7because x is suffici5t = _! purpose7 ! same ,fa!rs are obs]v$ to quote ,s4 ,john iii4 #ac no fur!r ?an d[n to ! words 8,son ( ,man08 ,no p]son1 7lea/ ( all a pr(ess$ ,critic17 :o adds to 8 le>n+ a few gra9s ( common s5se & a little c&\r1 c be misl$ by su* a circum/ance4 ,orig51 ,eusebius1 ,proclus1 ,ephraim ,syrus1 ,j]ome1 ,m>ius1 :5 !y are only insi/+ on ! doctr9al significancy ( ! e>li] words1 naturally end _! quotation at ?is place4 ,! two ,gregories 7,naz4 ii4 #hg1 #afh3 ,nyss4 ,gall&4 vi4 #ebb71 writ+ aga9/ ! ,apol9>ian h]esy1 ( c\rse quot$ ! v]se no fur!r ?an ,apol9>is himself 0 accu/om$ 7= 8 h]esy7 to adduce x4444 ,ab\t ! int]nal evid5ce = ! clause1 no?+ has be5 said2 b ?is is simply ov]:elm+4 ,we make our appeal to ,ca?olic ,antiquity2 & are cont5t to re/ our cause on ,ext]nal ,evid5ce2--on ,,copies1 on ,,v]sions1 on ,,fa!rs4 #dgc ,pp4 #gih1 #gii4 #dgd iii4 #dad4 #dge ,ant4 c4 #ej2 ,consum4 c4 #bh4 #dgf ,hi/4 ,eccl4 v4 #h4 #dgg 2-- 4 ,phavor9us1 quot$ by ,brd]4 #dgh ,viz4 ,s4 ,luke iv4 #ci3 ,acts x4 #ag3 xi4 #aa3 xxii4 #bj4 #dgi ,s4 ,luke ii4 #i 7:]e 8came ^u0 is bett] ?an 8/ood by !m10 & %\ld h be5 left73 xxiv4 #d3 ,acts xii4 #g3 xxii4 #ac3 xxiii4 #aa4 #dhj ,s4 ,luke xx4 #a3 xxi4 #cd 7la/ ,day73 ,acts iv4 #a3 vi4 #ab3 xvii4 #e 78assault073 xxiii4 #bg3 xxviii4 #b 7a ra9-/orm1--:i*1 by ! way1 sugge/s = a diff]5t r5d]+ f 8! pres5t074 #dha ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ch4 #dhb ,s4 ,luke x4 #dj4 #dhc ,cf4 *4 xi4 #bj4 ,s 9 ,lat91 ,illa plurima sacrificia4 7,cic4 ,de ,f94 #b4 #bj4 #fc47 #dhd 8,! context0 7says le>n$ ,dr4 ,field7 8is too /rong = philological quibbles40 ,! words 8c by no possibility be> any o!r mean+40--,otium ,norvic5se1 p4 #dj4 #dhe 1--,!ophylact1 i4 #bja e4 ,boys quotes ,s5eca ,de ,ir3--,tunc c5turio supplicio prpositus cond]e gladium speculatorem jussit4 #dhf ,tr5*1 ,/udy ( ,words1 p4 #ajf4 #dhg ,otium ,norvic5se1 p>s t]tia1 #ahha1 pp4 #aee4 #dhh ,comp>e ,x5ophon 7,cyrop4 vii4 #f4 #h71 4 ,! pl5a locutio is f\nd 9 ,nehem4 xiii4 #bd1-- 1 7quot$ by ,wet/e974 #dhi ,cf4 ,acts i4 #bc2 xvii4 #ca4 ,! ,lat9 is 8/atu]unt0 or 8con/itu]unt40 ,! ,revisioni/s give 8appo9t$0 9 ! second ( ^! places1 & 8put =w>d0 9 ! fir/4 ,9 bo?1--,:at becomes ( _! uni=mity8 #dij ,p4 #bgi4 #dia 1 444 x4 #cjg b4 7 xii4 #dcc a74 #dib 2 4 ix4 #cia a4 #dic 1 1 444 ii4 #eaf d4 #did iii4 #cii d4 #die v4 #icj 7 74 #dif ,,ms4 ,note 9 8 copy ( ! ,n4 ,t4 #dig ,& ! ,revisioni/s3 = see ,rom4 xi4 #d4 #dih ,yet ev5 "h !y _c ab/a9 f putt+ 9 ! m>g9 ! peculi>ly infelicit\s alt]native1--8,:y did/ ?\ =sake ,me80 #dii ,z 9 ,rom4 vi4 #b3 ix4 #ac4 #a ,cor4 i4 #bg3 vi4 #bj3 ix4 #aa4 ,ephes4 iv4 #bj1 c4 c4 #ejj ,comp4 ,s4 ,mat?4 viii4 #a1 #e1 #bc1 #bh2 ix4 #bg1 #bh2 xxi4 #bc4 #eja 4 #ejb ii4 #aee4 #ejc ,r\?1 ,rell4 iii4 #bbf ad calc4 #ejd ,ap4 ,mai1 iv4 #bff4 #eje ii4 #acbd4 #ejf ii4 #chj4 #ejg ,ap4 ,greg4 ,nyss4 iii4 #djc4 #ejh ,s also ,heb4 xi4 #ag1 #bh4 ,& see ! ,revision ( ,s4 ,james i4 #aa4 #eji ,comp4 9 ,s4 ,lu4 xi4 #d4 ,9 ! case ( c]ta9 ,greek v]bs1 ! pret]ite 9 =m is inv>iably pres5t 9 signification4 ,see ,dr4 ,field's delightful ,otium ,norvic5se1 p4 #fe4 #eaj ,see above1 pp4 #ih-ajf4 ,also infra1 t[>ds ! end4 #eaa ,z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xi4 #aa & #b ,tim4 iv4 #ag1 :]e is r5d]$ 8not)/&+30--,phil4 i4 #bd & ,heb4 xii4 #aa1 :]e x is 8nev]!less40 #eab ,eight times 9 succession 9 #a ,cor4 xii4 #h-aj1 is n repres5t$ 9 ! ,a4 ,v4 ,! anci5ts felt s ke5ly :at ,tyndale1 ,cranm]1 ! ,g5eva1 ! ,rheims1 & ! ,a4 ,v4 v5tur$ to exhibit1 t z (t5 z n !y leave out ! 1--9 :i* our ,revisioni/s twice foll[ !m4 ,! read] ( ta/e is invit$ to note ! preci\s result ( ins]t+ 8&10 z ! ,revisioni/s h done six times1 :]e accord+ to ! g5ius ( ! ,engli% language x is n want$ at all4 #eac #ch times 9 ! ,g5ealogy1 ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #ead ,rom4 xiv4 #d3 xv4 #bj4 #eae ,rom4 ix4 #bb4 #eaf #a ,cor4 xii4 #bg4 #eag ,gal4 ii4 #d4 #eah ,act xxvii4 #bf4 #eai ,rom4 iii4 #bb4 #ebj ,ephes4 iv4 #a4 #eba #b ,cor4 v4 #h4 #ebb ,s4 ,m>k xv4 #ca4 #ebc ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #bi4 #ebd #a ,cor4 x4 #a4 #ebe ,s4 ,mat?4 vi4 #cj4 #ebf ,s4 ,john xx4 #d4 #ebg #b ,cor4 i4 #bc4 #ebh #b ,cor4 vii4 #ac4 #ebi #b ,cor4 ii4 #ab4 #ecj #b ,pet4 iii4 #ac4 #eca ,s4 ,mat?4 ii4 #bb4 #ecb #a ,cor4 xii4 #bj4 #ecc #a ,s4 ,john i4 #c4 #ecd ,s4 ,mat?4 xxv4 #ci4 #ece ,acts viii4 #c4 #ecf ,rom4 xii4 #f4 #ecg ,s4 ,mat?4 vi4 #bi4 #ech ,z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 vii4 #i3 xii4 #bi3 xx4 #ae4 ,rom4 iii4 #bi4 #eci ,s4 ,mat?4 xx4 #ae3 xxvi4 #ec4 ,rom4 iii4 #bi3 vi4 #c3 vii4 #a4 #edj ,s4 ,john xvi4 #cb4 #eda ,s4 ,luke xix4 #bc4 #edb #b ,cor4 xiii4 #a4 #edc ,s4 ,luke xii4 #b4 #edd ,s4 ,luke xviii4 #g4 #ede ,s ,luke xiv4 #ba4 #edf #a ,s4 ,john ii4 #bg4 #edg #a ,s4 ,john i4 #b4 #edh ,s4 ,m>k ix4 #ci4 #edi ,acts xxiii4 #c4 #eej ,consid] ,s4 ,mat?4 iii4 #af1-- 3 & v]4 #f1-- 4 #eea 4 #eeb ,gall&4 iv4 #f b bis4 #eec ,p4 #bgi4 #eed ix4 #djj4 #eee ii4 #gjg4 #eef ,! circum/ance is notic$ & expla9$ 9 ! same way by ,dr4 ,field 9 8 delightful ,otium ,norvic5se4 #eeg ,concilia1 iv4 #gi e4 #eeh ,?us ,cyril addresses "o ( 8 ,epi/les to ,acacius ,bp4 ( ,melit5e1--,concilia1 iii4 #aaaa4 #eei ,see ,dr4 ,field's delightful ,otium ,norvic5se 7,p>s t]tia71 #ahha1 pp4 #a-d & #aaj1 #aaa4 ,?is ma/]ly contribution to ,sacr$ ,criticism ought to be 9 ! h&s ( e /ud5t ( ,scripture4 #efj ,see ,hesy*ius1 & ! notes on ! place4 #efa ,notes design$ to illu/rate "s expressions 9 ! ,gk4 ,te/4 by a ref]5ce to ! ,,lxx41 c4 ,by ,c4 ,f4 ,b4 ,wood1 ,prc5tor ( ,ll&aff1--,riv+tons1 #ahhb1 7pp4 #ba17--p4 #ag3--;an admirable p]=mance1 only f> too brief4 #efb 8 #efc 4 #efd ,po9t$ out to me by ,pr(essor ,g&ell1--^: exquisite famili>ity ) ,scripture is only equall$ by 8 read9ess to communicate 8 k to o!rs4 #efe & 1--,s4 ,m>k xiv4 #c & #h3 ,s4 ,john xii4 #c & #g4 ,he> ,orig5 7apud ,hi]on4 iii4 #eag73--8,non de n>do propositum e/ nunc ,spiritui ,sancto dic]e1 neque de hoc quod oculis intuemur1 ,evangeli/a scribit1 ungu5to2 s$ de n>do spirituali40 ,& s ,j]ome himself1 vii4 #bab4 #eff ,ps4 xxxiii4 #ah 7 73 ,is4 lvii4 #ae4 #efg ,consid] ,ignatius1 ad ,ephes4 c4 xvii4 ,also1 ! exquisite rem>k ( ,!od4 ,h]acl4 9 ,cram]'s ,cat4 #efh ,we pref] t read]s %\ld be rem9d$1 by ! v>i$ =m1 ( ! ,greek orig9al4 ,9 ! extreme case 7,acts vii4 #de3 ,hebr4 iv4 #h71 is x n f> m edify+ t att5tion %\ld be 9 ?is way direct$ to ! id5tity ( ! names 8,jo%ua0 & 8,jesus10 ?an t ! latt] ^w %\ld be entirely oblit]at$ by ! =m]2--& ?is1 only = ! sake ( unmi/akeably proclaim+1 7:at yet mu/ ne$s be p]fectly manife/1 viz47 t 8,jo%ua0 is ! p]sonage spok5 (8 #efi ,s1 9 ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #be1 & ,acts iii4 #ad3 xiii4 #bh1--/ill foll[+ ,tyndale4 #egj ,acts xii4 #bj4 #ega ,eph4 iii4 #ac4 #egb ,=1 z ! /ory pla9ly %[s 7#b ,sam4 vii4 #b1 #c2 #a ,*ron4 xvii4 #a1 #b71 x 0 only 89 8 he>t0 to build ,,god an h\se 7#a ,k+s viii4 #ag1 #ah74 ,h5ce ,cranm]'s 8he w\ld fa90 h done s4 #egc ,acts xvi4 #bi4 #egd ,col4 i4 #i4 #ege ,s4 ,mat?4 xiv4 #ae1 #bb1 #bc 7 ,s4 ,m>k vi4 #cf1 #de1 & note ! sub/itution ( 9 v]4 #df3 ,s4 ,luke ix4 #ab73 & xv4 #cb1 #ci 7 ,s4 ,m>k viii4 #i74 #egf ,s4 ,matt4 xiii4 #cf3 & ,s4 ,m>k iv4 #cf4 #egg ,acts xii4 #ac4 #egh ,acts xvi4 #af4 #egi ,v]ses #bb1 #bc1 #bd1 #be1 #bf1 #cj1 #ca4 #ehj ,twice he calls x 4 #eha ,*4 xxvii4 #fa1 #fd1 #ff2 xxviii4 #a4 #ehb ,except 9 #b ,tim4 iii4 #af1--:]e is r5d]$ ad doc5dum4 #ehc ,except 9 ,rom4 xii4 #g1--:]e is r5d]$ 8on tea*+40 #ehd ,except 9 ,rom4 xvi4 #ag1 :]e !y r5d] x 8doctr9e40 #ehe ,& yet1 s9ce upw>ds ( #ej times we are mole/$ ) a m>g9al note to in=m u t means 8,tea*]0-- 7r ?an 7 might h claim$ to be r5d]$ 8tea*+40 #ehf ,viz4 ,rom4 xii4 #g3 #a ,tim4 iv4 #ac1 #af3 v4 #ag3 #b ,tim4 iii4 #aj1 #af4--,rom4 xv4 #d4 #ehg ,eight times 9 ,rev4 xvi4 #ehh ,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #g4 ,s4 ,m>k xiv4 #c4 ,s4 ,luke vii4 #cg4 #ehi 4 ,consid] ! ,,lxx4 ( #b ,*ron4 xxiv4 #h1 #aj1 #aa4 #eij 4 #eia ,e4g4 ,s4 ,mat?4 xxvi4 #dh4 ,s4 ,luke ii4 #ab4 #eib is r5d]$ 8miracle0 9 ! ,r4 ,v4 ab\t half-a-doz5 times4 #eic ,acts iv4 #af1 #bb4--,on ! o!r h&1 8sign0 0 all[$ to repres5t repeat$ly 9 ! ,a4 ,v41 z 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 xii4 #ch1 c41 & ! p>allel places3 ,s4 ,m>k xvi4 #ag1 #bj3 ,s4 ,john xx4 #cj4 #eid ,canon ,cook's ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ! fir/ ?ree ,gospels consid]$1 c4--p4 #bf3 an admirable p]=mance1--unansw]$1 because unansw]able4 #eie ,dr4 ,vance ,smi?'s ,revis$ ,texts & ,m>g9s1--p4 #de4 #eif ,s4 ,mat?4 xvii4 #ae3 ,s4 ,mk4 ix4 #ah1 #bj1 #bb1 #bf3 ,s4 ,lu4 ix4 #ci1 #db4 #eig ,consid] our ,,"l',s solemn words 9 ,mtt4 xvii4 #ba1--8;,b ?is k9d goe? n out save by pray] & fa/+10--#ab words left out by ! ,r4 ,v41 ?\gh witness$ to by all ! ,copies b #c3 by ! ,lat91 ,syriac1 ,coptic1 & ,arm5ian ,v]sions3 & by ! foll[+ ,fa!rs3--7#a7 ,orig51 7#b7 ,t]tullian1 7#c7 ! ,syriac ,clem5t1 7#d7 ! ,syriac ,canons ( ,eusebius1 7#e7 ,a?anasius1 7#f7 ,basil1 7#g7 ,ambrose1 7#h7 ,juv5cus1 7#i7 ,*ryso/om1 7#aj7 ,opus imp41 7#aa7 ,hil>y1 7#ab7 ,augu/9e1 7#ac7 ,j4 ,damasc5e1 & o!rs4 ,!n 7x w be ask$71 :y h ! ,revisioni/s left !m out8 ,because 7we answ]7 !y h be5 misl$ by ,b & 1 ,cureton's ,syriac & ! ,sahidic1--z untru/wor?y a quat]nion ( witnesses to ! text ( ,scripture z c\ld be nam$4 #eih ,! ^w is only n bani%$ entirely f ! ,n4 ,t4 ,x occurs twice 7viz4 9 ,rom4 i4 #bj1 & ,jude v]4 #f71 b only z ! r5d]+ ( 4 #eii ,s4 ,mat?4 xxv4 #df4 #fjj ,clem5s ,al4 7p4 #ga7 says3-- 1 4 ,t]tullian1--,legimus omnem ,scripturam dificationi habilem1 div9itus inspir>i4 ,orig5 7ii4 #ddc71-- 4 ,gregory ,nyss4 7ii4 #fje71-- 4 ,dial4 7ap4 ,orig4 i4 #hjh71-- 4 ,s ,basil1 ,*ryso/om1 ,cyril1 ,!odoret1 c4 #fja ,see ,ar*deacon ,lee on ,inspiration1 pp4 #bfa-c1 read+ 8 notes4 #fjb ,s4 ,john xvi4 #ae4 #fjc ,/udy by all means ,basil's lett] to ,amphilo*ius1 7vol4 iii4 p4 #cfj to #cfb47-- 2 1 1 1 1 2 444 1 2 4 2 4--7p4 #cfb c47 ,basil says ( ?is int]pretation-- 4 #fjd ,notes1 p4 #aji4 #fje ,celebre effugium1 7z ,dr4 ,r\? calls x17 quod ex fals v]borum con/ructione ,critici quidam hreticis p>>unt4 ,reliqq4 iii4 #cbb-c4 #fjf ,c alone has a po9t betwe5 & 4 ,b ?is is an entirely diff]5t ?+ f :at is not$ 9 ! m>g94 #fjg ,,ms4 communication f ! ,rev4 ,s4 ,c4 ,malan4 #fjh i4 #ejf4 #fji ,opusc4 i4 #eb1 #eh2 ,phil4 #cci4 #faj iv4 #fab4 #faa ,r\?1 ,reliqq4 ,sac4 iii4 #bib1 & #bhg4 7,concil4 i4 #hde b4 c47 #fab ,concilia1 i4 #hgc d3 #hgf a4 #fac vi4 c4 #bf4 #fad i4 #dad1 #dae1 #dbi1 #fag1 #fhd1 #ijh4 #fae i4 #bhb4 ,& 9 ,cat4 #cag4 #faf ,tr94 #ba1 #bi1 #cbg1 #cib4 ,mai1 vii4 #cjc4 #fag ii4 #eif a1 7quot$ by ! ,emp4 ,ju/9ian ,concil4 v4 #fig & ! ,*ronicon ,pas*ale1 #cee71 #fic1 #fig2 iii4 #bhg4 ,gall&4 vi4 #ege4 #fah i4 #dha1 #dhg1 #hid1 #igh2 ii4 #gd4 #fai ,ap4 ,cyril 7ed4 ,pusey71 v4 #ecd4 #fbj ,ap4 ,gall4 iii4 #hje4 #fba ,ap4 ,gall4 iv4 #egf4 #fbb ,ap4 ,phot4 col4 #gfa1 #hec4 #fbc ,ap4 ,gall4 vi4 #h1 #i1 #hj4 #fbd ,ap4 ,gall4 vii4 #fah1 & ap4 ,hi]on4 i4 #efj4 #fbe ,concilia1 iii4 #ebb e 7 iv4 #big d ap4 ,gall4 viii4 #ffg74 ,also1 ,concilia 7,h>du971 i4 #adac a4 #fbf ,ap4 ,gall4 ix4 #dgd4 #fbg ,ap4 ,gall4 ix4 #fij1 #fia 7 ,concil4 iii4 #abcj1 #abca74 #fbh ,homilia 7,arm471 p4 #afe & #bdi4 #fbi i4 #dfd1 #dhc2 vi4 #ecd2 vii4 #ea2 viii4 #aia2 ix4 #fjd1 #fec2 x4 #agb4 #fcj v4#a #bj1 #ejc1 #gfe1 #gib2 v4#b #eh1 #aje1 #aah1 #adh2 vi4 #cbh4 ,ap4 ,mai1 ii4 #gj1 #hf1 #if1 #ajd2 iii4 #hd 9 ,luc4 #bf4 #fca ,concilia1 iii4 #ajii b4 #fcb i4 #ajc2 ii4 #acee2 iii4 #bae1 #dgj2 iv4 #ag1 #dcc1 #aadh1 #abfd1 #abie1 #acji2 v4 #fg1 #ajic4 #fcc ,cram]'s ,cat4 #afj4 #fcd ,ibid4 9 ,act4 #dj4 #fce ,p4 #aff4 #fcf ,concilia1 ii4 #aie4 #fcg ,ap4 ,gall4 xii4 #bea4 #fch ,ap4 ,gall4 xii4 #fhb4 #fci ii4 #fd4 #fdj i4 #eeg2 ii4 #ce1 #hh4 #fda ,prax4 #ac1 #ae--8;,*ri/um autem et ipse ,deum cognom9avit1 ,quorum patres1 et ex quibus ,*ri/us secundum c>nem1 qui e/ sup] omnia ,deus b5$ictus 9 vum40 #fdb ,p4 #bhg4 #fdc ,ap4 ,gall4 iii4 #bif1 #cac4 #fdd i4 #adgj2 ii4 #deg1 #edf1 #fji1 #gij4 #fde ,concilia1 ii4 #ihb c4 #fdf #gh1 #aee1 #cic1 #hej1 #igj1 #aabe1 #abcb4 #fdg i4 #hgj1 #hgb4 #fdh ,ap4 ,gall4 viii4 #aeg4 #fdi ,ap4 ,gall4 vii4 #ehi1 #eij4 #fej ,ap4 ,gall4 viii4 #fbg4 #fea #gji1 #gaa4 #feb ,ap4 ,gall4 x4 #gbb4 #fec ,ap4 ,gall4 xi4 #bcc1 #bcg4 #fed ,concilia1 iii4 #acfd1 #achb4 #fee ,ap4 ,gall4 #ceb1 #ceg4 #fef ,ibid4 #fgd4 #feg ii4 #af1 #bae1 #dac4 #feh i4 #hci2 v4 #gfi2 xii4 #dba4 #fei ,^? ( our read]s :o wi% to pursue ?is subject fur!r may consult ) advantage ,dr4 ,gif=d's le>n$ note on ! passage 9 ! ,speak]'s ,comm5t>y4 ,dr4 ,gif=d ju/ly rem>ks t 8x is ! natural & simple con/ruction1 :i* e ,greek s*ol> w\ld adopt )\t hesitation1 if no "q ( doctr9e 7 involv$40 #ffj ,note1 t ?is has be5 ! language ( ! ,*ur* f ! beg9n+4 ,?us ,t]tullian1--8,aquam adituri 444 conte/amur nos r5unti>e diabolo1 et pomp et angelis ejus0 7i4 #dba73 & ,ambrose1--8,qu&o te int]rogavit1 ,abr5untias diabolo et op]ibus ejus1 quid respondi/i8 ,abr5untio4 ,abr5untias sculo et voluptatibus ejus1 quid respondi/i8 ,abr5untio0 7ii4 #cej c73 & ,ephraem ,syrus1-- 7ii4 #aie & iii4 #cii74 ,& ,cs>ius ( ,arles1--8,abr5untias diabolo1 pompis et op]ibus ejus 444 ,abr5untio0 7,gall&4 xi4 #ah e74 #ffa #b ,tim4 iv4 #ah4 #ffb ,s4 ,john xvii4 #bd4 #ffc ,p4 #adj4 #ffd ,m>cell4 p4 #aib4 #ffe ,9 loc4 dis]te4 #fff ,e?4 ii4 #big4 #ffg viii4 #dhe4 #ffh ,text1 iv4 #ajjc2 ,comm4 #ajjg1 :i* are two di/9ct au?orities1 z le>n$ read]s ( ,cyril are aw>e4 #ffi ,concilia1 iii4 #cef d4 #fgj iv4 #dej4 #fga ,pp4 #bce1 #cba4 #fgb i4 #dab2 ii4 #eff1 #fdi4 #fgc ,pp4 #ajag1 #ajcc4 #fgd ,victricius ap4 ,gall4 viii4 #bcj4 ,also ps4-,*rys4 v4 #fhj4 #fge iii4 #iff dis4 #fgf ,dem4 #ib4 #fgg i4 #cai4 #fgh ,tr94 #aij4 #fgi v4 #ajci1 #ajfi4 #fhj ii4 #dfj4 #fha v4 #fae4 #fhb ii4 #ehd4 ,cyril read ! place bo? ways3--v4#b #aef1 & 9 ,luc4 p4 #eb4 #fhc i4 #gbj4 #fhd ii4 #cha2 iii4 #ifb2 iv4 #fja4 #fhe ,ap4 ,gall&4 vii4 #ahc4 #fhf ,ap4 ,montf4 ii4 #fg4 #fhg iii4 #ccc2 v4 #ddd2 x4 #dih1 #fbj2 xii4 #cbi4 #fhh ii4 #gg2 iii4 #cdi4 #fhi ii4 #beb4 #fij 8,des]uimus f]e quos sequi solemus codices40 #fia ,p4 #ch 7 ,gall4 vii4 #bf74 #fib i4 #bih1 #fac4 #fic viii4 #cea1 #ceb4 #fid iv4 #feb c1 #fec a1 #fed d4 #fie i4 #gdh2 iv4 #bgd1 #eej4 #fif ,9 ,dionys4 ,ar4 ii4 #aib4 #fig ,z ^! %eets are pass+ ?r\gh ! press1 we h receiv$ a book by ,sir ,edmund ,beckett1 entitl$1 ,%\ld ! ,revis$ ,new ,te/am5t be ,au?oriz$8 ,9 f\r ,*apt]s1 ! au?or discusses ) *>act]i/ic vig\r1 fir/1 ! pr9ciples & me?od ( ! ,revis]s1 & !n ! ,gospel ( ,s4 ,mat!w1 ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews1 & ! ,apocalypse1 z fair samples ( _! "w1 ) a union ( s\nd s5se1 =5sic skill1 & s*ol>%ip m skilful ?an to des]ve 8 cauti\s disclaim]4 ,amid/ details op51 ( c\rse1 to discussion1 abundant pro(s are set =?1 9 a mo/ tell+ /yle1 t ! plea ( 8necessity0 & 8fai?fulness0 utt]ly fails1 9 ju/ification ( a mass ( alt]ations1 :i*1 9 po9t ( ,engli% composition1 c>ry _! condemnation on _! face1 &1 to sum up ! great di/9ction betwe5 ! two ,v]sions1 illu/rate 8! diff]5ce betwe5 work+ by discretion & by rules--by :i* no great ?+ 0 ev] done or ev] w be40 ,sir ,edmund ,beckett is v happy 9 8 exposure ( ! abuse ( ! fam\s canon ( pref]r+ ! /rang] read+ to ! m obvi\s1 z if copyi/s nev] made /upid blund]s or p]petrat$ wilful absurdities4 ,! "w des]ves ! notice ( all ,engli% read]s4 #fih ,x has be5 object$ by c]ta9 ( ! ,revisioni/s t x is n fair to say t 8!y 7 appo9t$ to d "o ?+1 & h done ano!r40 ,we are glad ( ?is opportunity to expla94 ,t "s corrections ( ! ,text 7 necess>y1 we are well aw>e3 & _h ^? necess>y *anges be5 made1 we %\ld only h _h words ( comm5dation & ?anks to (f]4 ,b x is f\nd t by ,dr4 ,hort's eag] advocacy two-?irds ( ! ,revisioni/s h made a va/ numb] ( p]fectly ne$less *anges3--7#a7 ,*anges :i* are incapable ( be+ repres5t$ 9 a ,translation3 z = 1-- = 1-- = 4 ,aga91 s9ce 1 at lea/ z mu* z 1 means 8bir?10 :y 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 i4 #ah8 ,:y1 also1 in=m u t in/ead ( 1 !y pref] 8 & in/ead ( 1-- 8 ,n[ ?is !y h done ?r\gh\t1--at lea/ #cda times 9 ,s4 ,luke alone4 ,b 7:at is f> worse71 7#b7 ,!y sugge/ 9 ! m>g9 *anges :i* yet !y d n adopt4 ,^! num]\s *anges are1 by _! own confession1 n 8necess>y30 & yet !y are ( a mo/ s]i\s "*4 ,9 fact1 x is ( ^! we *iefly compla94--,b1 inde$ 7#c71 ,h[ _m ( _! o!r alt]ations ( ! ,text w ! ,revisioni/s und]take to def5d publicly on ! plea ( 8,necessity08 ,a va/ deal m w be f\nd on ?is subject t[>ds ! close ( ! pres5t volume4 ,9 ! meantime1 see above1 pages #hg-hh4 #fii 8,we meet 9 e page0 7says ,dr4 ,wordswor?1 ! le>n$ ,bi%op ( ,l9coln17 8) small *anges :i* are vexati\s1 teas+1 & irritat+2 ev5 ! m s because !y are small 7z small insects /+ mo/ %>ply71 :i* seem almo/ to be made m]ely = ! sake ( *ange40--p4 #be4 #gjj ,on ! ,revision ( ! ,engli% ,v]sion1 c4 7#ahgj71 p4 #ii4 #gja ,bp4 ,ellicott1 ,diocesan ,progress1 ,jan4 #ahhb1--p4 #ai4 #gjb ,bp4 ,ellicott1 ,on ,revision1--p4 #di4 #gjc 8,qui ,,lxx int]pretes non legit1 aut m9us legit accurate1 is sciat se non adeo idoneum1 qui ,scripta ,evangelica ,apo/olica de ,grco 9 ,lat9um1 aut alium aliquem s]monem transf]at1 ut ut 9 aliis ,grcis scriptoribus multum diuque fu]it v]satus40 7,john ,bois1 #afai47--8;,grcum ,n4 ,t4 contextum rite intellecturo nihil e/ utilius quam dilig5t] v]sasse ,alex&r9am antiqui ,fd]is int]pretationem1 ,e ,,qu ,,un ,,plus ,,peti ,,pot]it ,,auxilii1 ,,quam ,,ex ,,vet]ibus ,,scriptoribus ,,gr,,cis ,,simul ,,sumtis4 ,c5t5a rep]i5tur 9 ,n4 ,t4 nusquam obvia 9 scriptis ,grcorum vet]um1 s$ frequ5tata 9 ,alex&r9 v]sione40 7,valckna]1 #agae-he47 #gjd ,on ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1--p4 #c4 #gje ,preface1 p4 xiv4 #gjf ,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,no4 #cjd4 #gjg ,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,no4 #cje4 #gjh ,at ! head ( ! pres5t ,article1 z x orig9ally appe>$1 w be f\nd enum]at$ ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s pr9cipal works4 ,x %all b be said ( !m1 t !y are :olly unrivall$1 or r unapproa*$1 9 _! p>ticul> dep>tm5t4 ,himself an exact & elegant ,s*ol>1--a mo/ pati5t & accurate obs]v] ( ,textual ph5om5a1 z well z an int]e/+ & judici\s expositor ( _! significance & value2--gu>d$ 9 8 /atem5ts1 temp]ate 9 8 language1 fair & imp>tial 7ev5 k9d7 to all :o come 9 8 way3--,dr4 ,scriv5] is ! v be/ tea*] & guide to :om a beg9n] c resort1 :o desires to be l$ by ! h&1 z x 71 ?r\gh ! intricate mazes ( ,textual ,criticism4 ,8 ,pla9 ,introduction to ! ,criticism ( ! ,new ,te/am5t = ! use ( ,biblical ,/ud5ts1 7( :i* a ?ird edition is n[ 9 ! press17 is p]=ce ! mo/ g5]ally useful1 because ! mo/ compreh5sive1 ( 8 works2 b we /r5u\sly recomm5d ! ?ree prefatory *apt]s ( 8 ,full & ,exact ,collation ( ab\t tw5ty ,greek ,manuscripts ( ! ,gospels pp4 lxxiv4 & #agh1--ahec1 & ! two prefatory *apt]s ( 8 ,exact ,transcript ( ! ,codex ,augi5sis1 c41 to :i* is add$ a full ,collation ( ,fifty ,manuscripts1 pp4 lxxx4 & #efc1--ahei1 to ! att5tion ( /ud5ts4 ,8 ,collation ( ,codex ,bez 7,d7 is p]haps ! greate/ ( 8 works3 b :atev] he has done1 he has done be/4 ,x is in/ructive to comp>e 8 collation ( ,cod4 ) ,tis*5dorf's4 ,no read] ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t c af=d to be )\t 8 repr9t ( ,/eph5s' ed4 ( #aeej3 & ,engli% read]s are rem9d$ t ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s is ! only classical edition ( ! ,engli% ,bible1--,! ,cambridge ,p>agraph ,bible1 c41 #ahgj-c4 ,8 ,preface or 8,introduction0 7pp4 ix4-cxx47 passes praise4 ,ord9>y ,engli% read]s %\ld enquire = 8 ,six ,lectures on ! ,text ( ! ,n4 ,t41 c41 #ahge1--:i* is 9 fact an attempt to popul>ize ! ,pla9 ,introduction4 ,! read] is ref]r$ to note #a at ! foot ( page #bdc4 #gji 8,agm5 ducit ,c>olus ,la*mannus 7,n4 ,t4 ,b]ol9i #ahdb-ej71 +5ii viribus et eleganti doctr9 haud pluribus imp>2 editor ,n4 ,t4 audacior quam limatior3 cujus textum1 a recepto long dec$5tem1 tantop]e judicibus quibusdam subtilioribus placuisse jamdudum miramur3 quippe qui1 abject tot ct]orum codicum ,grcorum ope1 p]paucis antiquissimis 7nec iis integris1 nec p] eum satis accurat collatis7 innixus1 libros sacros ad sculi po/ ,*ri/um qu>ti normam re/ituisse sibi videatur2 v]sionum porr 7cujuslibet codicis tatem facil sup]antium7 ,syriac atque gyptiac>um contemptor1 neutrius l+u p]itus2 ,lat9>um contr nimius fautor1 pr ,b5tleio ipso ,b5tleianus40--,scriv5]'s ,preface to ,nov4 ,te/1 texts ,/ephanici1 c4 ,see above1 p4 #bch1 note4 #gaj ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1 p4 #dbi4 #gaa ,n4 ,t4 ,"p ,,ii4 p4 #b4 #gab ,no "o :o att5ds ev] s little to ! subject c require to be assur$ t 8,! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! ,orig9al ,greek1 accord+ to ! text foll[$ 9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 toge!r ) ! v>iations adopt$ 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion10 edit$ by ,dr4 ,scriv5] = ! ,syndics ( ! ,cambridge ,univ]sity ,press1 #ahha1 does n by any means repres5t 8 own views4 ,! le>n$ ,preb5d>y m]ely edit$ ! decisions ( ! two-?irds majority ( ! ,revisioni/s1--:i* 7 n 8 own4 #gac ,^? :o h nev] tri$ ! exp]im5t1 c h no idea ( ! /ra9 on ! att5tion :i* su* works z ^? enum]at$ 9 p4 #bch 7note7 occasion4 ,at ! same "t1 x _c be too cle>ly und]/ood t x is *iefly by ! multiplication ( exact collations ( ,,mss4 t an abid+ f\ndation w "s day be laid on :i* to build up ! ,sci5ce ( ,textual ,criticism4 ,we may safely keep our 8,!ories0 back till we h collat$ our ,,mss41--re-edit$ our ,v]sions1--index$ our ,fa!rs4 ,!y w be abundantly 9 "t !n4 #gad ,introduction1 p4 #ah4 #gae ,see l[] "p ( page #ag4 ,also note at p4 #ge & middle ( p4 #bfb4 #gaf ,p4 #ac1 cf4 p4 viii4 #gag ,!y are z foll[s3-- #a/ ,s4 ,m>k 7vi4 #cc7 relates t on a c]ta9 occasion ! multitude1 :5 !y beheld our ,,savi\r & ,8 ,disciples dep>t+ 9 ord] to cross ov] unto ! o!r side ( ! lake1 ran on foot ?i!r1--77 8& outw5t !m--77 & came toge!r unto ,him0 7i4e4 on ,8 /epp+ out ( ! boat3 n1 z ,dr4 ,hort /rangely imag9es p4 #ii1 on ,8 em]g+ f ! sc5e ( ,8 8retirem5t0 9 8"s seque/]$ nook074 ,n[ "h1 ,a sub/itutes sic = 4-- ,b ) ! ,coptic & ! ,vulg4 omit clause 774--,d omits clause 771 b sub/itutes 8!re0 77 = 8unto ,him0 9 clause 771--exhibits !re=e a fabricat$ text4--,! ,syriac cond5ses ! two clauses ?us3--8got !re be=e ,him40--,l1 1 #fi1 & #d or #e ( ! old ,lat9 copies1 read div]sely f all ! re/ & f "o ano!r4 ,! pres5t is1 9 fact1 "o ( ^? _m places 9 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel :]e all is contradiction 9 ^? deprav$ witnesses :i* ,la*mann made x 8 bus9ess to br+ into fa%ion4 ,( ,confusion !re is pl5ty4 8,conflation0--z ! ,read] sees--!re is none4 #bnd ,9 ,s4 ,m>k viii4 #bf1 our ,,savi\r 7aft] re/or+ sight to ! bl9d man ( ,be?saida7 is relat$ to h said1--77 8,nei!r ent] into ! village0--77 8nor tell x to any "o--77 9 ! village40 7,& let x be not$ t ! tru/wor?9ess ( ?is way ( exhibit+ ! text is v\*$ = by ,a ,c ,n & #ab o!r uncials3 by ! :ole body ( ! cursives3 by ! ,pes*ito & ,h>kl5sian1 ! ,go?ic1 ,arm5ian1 & ?iopic ,v]sions3 & by ! only ,fa!r :o quotes ! place--,victor ( ,antio*4 ,cram]'s ,cat4 p4 #cde1 l9es #c & #h47 ,b x is f\nd t ! 8two false witnesses0 7 ,b7 omit clauses 77 & 771 reta9+ only clause 774 ,"o ( ^! two h[ev] 771 aw>e t "u su* circum/ances is intol]able1 ,dr4 ,hort1 on ! contr>y1 7only because he f9ds x 9 ,b17 consid]s 8simple & vigor\s0 z well z 8unique0 & 8peculi>0 7p4 #ajj74 sub/itutes 4 ,z = ,d & ! ,vulg41 !y sub/itute & p>aphrase1 import+ f ,matt4 ix4 #f 7or ,mk4 ii4 #aa71 8,dep>t unto ?9e h\se40 ,d proce$s1--8& tell x to no "o 1 f ,mat?4 viii4 #d1 9 ! village40 ,six copies ( ! old ,lat9 7b f ff-#b g-#a-b l71 ) ! ,vulgate1 exhibit ! foll[+ p>aphrase ( ! entire place3--8,dep>t unto ?9e h\se1 & if ?\ ent]e/ into ! village1 tell x to no "o40 ,! same read+ exactly is f\nd 9 ,evan4 #ac-fi-cdf3 #bh1 #fa1 #dgc1 & i1 7except t #bh1 #fa1 #cdf exhibit 8say no?+ f ,mk4 i4 #dd to no "o407 ,all six h[ev] add at ! end1--8n ev5 9 ! village40 ,evan4 #abd & a /& alone 9 exhibit+1--8,dep>t unto ?9e h\se2 & ent] n into ! village2 nei!r tell x to any "o10--to :i* #abd n a adds1--89 ! village40444 ,:y all ?is contradiction & confusion is n[ to be call$ 8,conflation10--& :at 8cle> evid5ce0 is to be elicit$ !refrom t 8,syrian0 are po/]ior alike to 8,we/]n0 & to 8neutral0 read+s1--passes our p[]s ( compreh5sion4 ,we %all be cont5t to ha/5 =w>d :5 we h fur!r in=m$ our ,read]s t :ile ,la*mann & ,tregelles abide by ! ,receiv$ ,text 9 ?is place2 ,tis*5dorf1 alone ( ,editors1 adopts ! read+ ( 7 73 :ile ,we/cott & ,hort1 alone ( ,editors1 adopt ! read+ ( ,b 7 71--s end+ ! s5t5ce4 ,:at else h[ev] b calamit\s is x to f9d t ,we/cott & ,hort h p]suad$ _! fell[ ,revis]s to adopt ! same mutilat$ exhibition ( ! ,sacr$ ,text8 ,! consequ5ce is1 t h5ce=?1--in/ead ( 8,nei!r g into ! t[n1 nor tell x to any 9 ! t[n10--we are invit$ to read1 8,d n ev5 ent] into ! village40 #crd ,9 ,s4 ,mk4 ix4 #ch1--,s4 ,john1 speak+ ( "o :o ca/ out devils 9 ,,*ri/',s ,"n1 says--77 8:o foll[e? n u1 & we =bad him--77 because he foll[e? n u40 ,"h1 ,b ,c ,l ! ,syriac1 ,coptic1 & ?iopic1 omit clause 771 reta9+ 774 ,d ) ! old ,lat9 & ! ,vulg4 omit clause 771 b reta9 774--,bo? clauses are f\nd 9 ,a ,n ) #aa o!r uncials & ! :ole body ( ! cursives1 besides ! ,go?ic1 & ! only ,fa!r :o quotes ! place1--,basil ii4 #beb4--,:y %\ld ! pret5ce be set up t !re has be5 8,conflation0 "h8 ,two ,omissions d n make "o ,conflation4 #d? ,9 ,mk4 ix4 #di1--our ,,savi\r says1--8,= 77 e "o %all be salt$ ) fire--& 77 e sacrifice %all be salt$ ) salt40 ,"h1 clause 77 is omitt$ by ,d & a few copies ( ! old ,lat92 clause 77 by ,b ,l 4 ,b su* an ord9>y circum/ance z ! omission ( half-a-doz5 words by ,cod4 ,d is s ne>ly )\t textual significancy1 z sc>cely to m]it commemoration4 ,& d ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort really propose to build _! huge & unwieldy hypo!sis on s flimsy a circum/ance z ! concurr5ce 9 error ( ,b ,l 1--especially 9 ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel1 :i* ^? codices exhibit m unfai?fully ?an any o!r codices t c be nam$8 ,aga9/ !m1 are to be set on ! pres5t occasion ,a ,c ,d ,n ) #ab o!r uncials & ! :ole body ( ! cursives3 ! ,ital4 & ,vulgate2 bo? ,syriac2 ! ,coptic1 ,go?ic1 ,arm5ian1 & ?iopic ,v]sions2 besides ! only ,fa!r :o quotes ! place1--,victor ( ,antio*4 ,also 8,anon40 p4 #bjf3 & see ,cram]'s ,cat4 p4 #cfh4 #e? ,s4 ,luke 7ix4 #aj7 relates h[1 on a c]ta9 occasion1 our ,,savi\r 8)drew to a des]t place belong+ to ! city call$ ,be?saida30 :i* ,s4 ,luke expresses 9 six words3 viz4 #a #b #c #d #e #f 3 ( :i* six words1-- 7a7-- & ,syrcu reta9 b ?ree1--#a1 #b1 #c4 7b7--,! ,pes*ito reta9s b f\r1--#a1 #b1 #c1 #f4 7c7--,b ,l ,x ,d & ! #b ,egyptian v]sions reta9 o!r f\r1--#a1 #d1 #e1 #f3 b = ,d exhibits 4 7d7--,! old ,lat9 & ,vulg4 reta9 five1--#a1 #b1 #c1 #e1 #f3 b = 8qui 7or quod7 vocabatur10 ! ,vulg4 b & c exhibit 8qui 7or quod7 e/40 7e7--#c cursives reta9 o!r five1 viz4 #a1 #b1 #d1 #e1 #f3 :ile1 7f7--,a ,c ,e1 ) #i m uncials & ! great bulk ( ! cursives1--! ,h>kl5sian1 ,go?ic1 ,arm5ian1 & ?iopic ,v]sions1--reta9 all ! six words4 ,9 view ( :i* facts1 x probably nev] occurr$ to any "o be=e to sugge/ t ! be/ atte/$ read+ ( all is ! result ( 8conflation10 i4e4 ( spuri\s mixture4 ,note1 t & ,d h1 ?is "t1 *ang$ sides4 #f? ,s4 ,luke 7xi4 #ed7 speaks ( ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees z 77 8ly+ 9 wait = ,him10 77 seek+ 77 to cat* some?+ out ( ,8 m\? 77 8t !y might accuse ,him40 ,?is is ! read+ ( #ad uncials head$ by ,a ,c1 & ( ! :ole body ( ! cursives3 ! read+ ( ! ,vulgate also & ( ! ,syriac4 ,:at is to be said aga9/ x8 ,x is f\nd t ,b ,l ) ! ,coptic & ?iopic ,v]sions omit clauses 77 & 771 b reta9 clauses 77 & 774--,cod4 ,d1 9 conjunction ) ,cureton's ,syriac & ! old ,lat91 reta9s clause 771 & p>aphrases all ! re/ ( ! s5t5ce4 ,h[ !n c x be pret5d$ t !re has be5 any 8,conflation0 "h8 ,9 ! meantime1 h[ unreasonable is ! excision f ! ,revis$ ,text ( clauses 77 & 77--7 444 7--:i* are atte/$ by ,a ,c ,d & #ab o!r uncials1 toge!r ) ! :ole body ( ! cursives2 by all ! ,syriac & by all ! ,lat9 copies6444 ,are we !n to und]/& t ,b1 & ! ,coptic ,v]sion1 outweigh e o!r au?ority :i* c be nam$8 #g? ,! 8ri* fool0 9 ! p>able 7,s4 ,lu4 xii4 #ah71 speaks ( 77 1 77 4 7,s ,a ,q & #ac o!r uncials1 besides ! :ole body ( ! cursives2 ! ,vulgate1 ,basil1 & ,cyril47 ,b ,d 7) ! old ,lat9 & ,cureton's ,syriac :i* h[ev] drops ! 71 reta9+ clause 771 omit clause 774--,on ! o!r h&1 ,b ,t1 7) ! ,egyptian ,v]sions1 ! ,syriac1 ! ,arm5ian1 & ?iopic17 reta9+ clause 771 sub/itute 7a gloss7 = 9 clause 774 ,la*mann1 ,tis*41 & ,al=d1 accord+ly reta9 ! traditional text 9 ?is place4 ,s does ,tregelles1 & s d ,we/cott & ,hort1--only sub/itut+ = 4 ,confess$ly !re=e !re has be5 no 8,syrian conflation0 "h3 = all t has happ5$ has be5 ! sub/itution by ,b ( = 2 & ! omission ( #d words by ,d4 ,?is in/ance mu/ !re=e h be5 an ov]sight4--,only once m4 #h? ,s4 ,luke's ,gospel ends 7xxiv4 #ec7 ) ! record t ! ,apo/les 7 cont9ually 9 ! ,temple1 877 prais+ & 77 bless+ ,,god40 ,su* is ! read+ ( #ac uncials head$ by ,a & e kn[n cursive3 a few copies ( ! old ,lat41 ! ,vulg41 ,syraic1 ,philox41 ?iopic1 & ,arm5ian ,v]sions4 ,b x is f\nd t ,b ,c omit clause 773 :ile ,d & sev5 copies ( ! old ,lat9 omit clause 774 ,& ?is completes ! evid5ce = 8,conflation40 ,we h display$ x ?us m9utely1 le/ we %\ld be suspect$ ( unfairness t[>ds ! e/eem$ writ]s on ! only occasion :i* !y h attempt$ argum5tative pro(4 ,_! !ory has at la/ =c$ !m to make an appeal to ,scripture1 & to produce "s actual specim5s ( _! mean+4 ,aft] ransack+ ! ,gospels = #cj ye>s1 !y h at la/ fa/5$ ^u eight3 ( :i* 7z we h se571 sev]al h really no bus9ess to be cit$1--z n fulfill+ ! necess>y conditions ( ! problem4 ,to prev5t cavil h[ev]1 let all b "o1 ! #g?1 pass un*all5g$4 #gah ,! ,read] is ref]r$ to pp4 #ag1 #ge1 #bdi4 #gai ,e4g4 pp4 #aae1 #aaf1 #aag1 #aah1 c4 #gbj ,ref]r$ to bel[1 p4 #bif4 #gba ,see above1 pages #beg 7bottom7 & #beh 7top74 #gbb ,see above1 pp4 #cg to #ch4 #gbc ,ibid4 p4 #ci4 #gbd ,to speak ) entire accuracy1 ,drs4 ,we/cott & ,hort require u to believe t ! ,au?ors ( ! imag9>y ,syrian ,revisions ( ,a4,d4 #bej & ,a4,d4 #cej1 int]polat$ ! g5u9e ,text ( ! ,gospels1 ) betwe5 #bhgg 7,b7 & #cdee 77 spuri\s words2 mutilat$ ! g5u9e ,text 9 respect ( betwe5 #ecf 7,b7 & #hci 77 words3--sub/itut$ = z _m g5u9e words1 betwe5 #ice 7,b7 & #aaad 77 un9spir$ words3--lic5ti\sly transpos$ betwe5 #bjih 7,b7 & #bbii 773--& 9 respect ( numb]1 case1 mood1 t5se1 p]son1 c41 alt]$ )\t au?ority betwe5 #aacb 799,b997 & #abfe 77 words4 #gbe ,quot$ by ,canon ,cook1 ,revis$ ,v]sion ,consid]$1--p4 #bjb4 #gbf i4e4 say f ,a4,d4 #ij to ,a4,d4 #bej-cej4 #gbg ,see above1 p4 #bfi4 #gbh 8,if10 says ,dr4 ,hort1 8an editor 7 = any purpose to make x 8 aim to re/ore z completely z possible ! ,new ,te/am5t ( ,antio* 9 ,a4,d4 #cej1 he c\ld n help tak+ ! approximate cons5t ( ! cursives z equival5t to a prim>y docum5t>y witness4 ,& he w\ld n be ! less ju/ifi$ 9 s do+ = be+ unable to say precisely by :at hi/orical ag5cies ,,! ,,"o ,,antio*ian ,,orig9al0--note ! fallacy6--80 multipli$ into ! cursive ho/s ( ! lat] ages40--,pp4 #adc-d4 #gbi ,preface to ! 8limit$ & private issue0 ( #ahgj1 p4 xviii43 repr9t$ 9 ! ,introduction 7#ahha71 p4 #ff4 #gcj ,ibid4 #gca ,p4 #fe 7 #hd74 ,9 ! ,table ( ,cont5ts 7p4 xi471 8,p]sonal in/9cts0 are sub/itut$ = 8,p]sonal disc]nm5t40 #gcb ,! ,revis]s & ! ,greek ,text1--p4 #ai4 #gcc ,introduction1--p4 xiii4 #gcd ,notes1 p4 #bb4 #gce ,notes1 p4 #hh4 #gcf ,notes1--p4 #ea4 #gcg ,scriv5]'s ,pla9 ,introduction1--pp4 #ejg-h4 #gch ,scriv5]'s 8,introduction10 pp4 #eac-d4 #gci ,9 ,s4 ,,mat?4 i4 #be1--! omission ( 8h] fir/-born30--9 vi4 #ac1 ! omission ( ! ,doxology3--9 xii4 #dg1 ! omission ( ! :ole v]se3--9 xvi4 #b1 #c1 ! omission ( our ,,"l',s memorable words conc]n+ ! signs ( ! wea!r3--9 xvii4 #ba1 ! omission ( ! my/]i\s /atem5t1 8,b ?is k9d goe? n out save by pray] & fa/+30--9 xviii4 #aa1 ! omission ( ! preci\s words 8,= ! ,son ( man came to save t :i* 0 lo/40 ,9 ,s4 ,,m>k xvi4 #i-bj1 ! omission ( ! 8la/ ,twelve ,v]ses10--78! cont5ts ( :i* are n su* z c\ld h be5 inv5t$ by any scribe or editor ( ! ,gospel10--,w4 & ,h4 p4 #eg74 ,all admit t is an impossible end+4 ,9 ,s4 ,,luke vi4 #a1 ! suppression ( ! unique 2 78! v obscurity ( ! expression atte/+ /rongly to its g5u95ess10--,scriv5]1 p4 #eaf1 & s ,w4 & ,h4 p4 #eh73--;ix4 #ed-ef1 ! omitt$ rebuke to ! 8disciples ,james & ,john30--9 x4 #da1 #db1 ! omitt$ words conc]n+ ,m>?a & ,m>y3--9 xxii4 #dc1 #dd1 ! omission ( ! ,agony 9 ! ,g>d51--7:i* nev]!less1 8x w\ld be impossible to reg>d z a product ( ! inv5tiv5ess ( scribes10--,w4 & ,h4 p4 #fg73--;9 xxiii4 #ag1 a memorable clause omitt$3--9 xxiii4 #cd1 ! omission ( our ,"l's pray] = ,8 murd]]s1--7conc]n+ :i* ,we/cott & ,hort rem>k t 8few v]ses ( ! ,gospels be> 9 !mselves a sur] witness to ! tru? ( :at !y record ?an ?is0--p4 #fh73--;9 xxiii4 #ch1 ! /atem5t t ! ,inscription on ! ,cross 0 89 lett]s ( ,greek1 & ,lat91 & ,hebrew30--9 xxiv4 #ab1 ! visit ( ,s4 ,pet] to ! ,sepul*re4 ,bi%op ,lightfoot rem>ks conc]n+ ,s4 ,luke ix4 #ef3 xxii4 #dc1 #dd3 & xxiii4 #cd1--8;,x seems impossible to believe t ^! incid5ts are o!r ?an au!ntic10--7p4 #bh47 ,9 ,s4 ,,john iii4 #ac1 ! solemn clause 8:i* is 9 heav530--9 v4 #c1 #d1 ! omitt$ incid5t ( ! tr\bl+ ( ! pool3--9 vii4 #ec to viii4 #aa1 ! n>rative conc]n+ ! woman tak5 9 adult]y omitt$1--conc]n+ :i* ,drs4 ,w4 & ,h4 rem>k t 8! argum5t :i* has always told mo/ 9 its fav\r 9 mod]n times is its own int]nal "*4 ,! /ory itself has ju/ly seem$ to v\* = its own sub/antial tru?1 & ! words 9 :i* x is clo!d to h>monize ) ^? ( o!r ,gospel n>ratives0--7p4 #hg74 ,bi%op ,lightfoot rem>ks t 8! n>rative be>s on its face ! highe/ cr$5tials ( au!ntic hi/ory0--7p4 #bh74 #gdj ,to "s ext5t1 ev5 ! unle>n$ ,read] may easily conv9ce himself ( ?is1 by exam9+ ! reject$ 8alt]native0 ,read+s 9 ! m>g9 ( ! 8,revis$ ,v]sion40 ,! 8,_m0 & ! 8,"s anci5t au?orities10 !re spok5 (1 almo/ inv>iably include--sometimes d5ote--codd4 ,b 1 "o or bo? ( !m4 ,^! con/itute ! m]e/ fraction ( ! entire am\nt ( corrupt read+s exhibit$ by ,b 2 b !y w give ,engli% read]s "s notion ( ! problem j n[ "u consid]ation4 ,besides ! details already suppli$ see above1 pages #af & #ag3--cj & #ca3--df & #dg3--ge3--bdi3--bfb3--bhi3--caf to #cai conc]n+ ,b & 1--7! result ( labori\s collation17--"s p>ticul>s %all n[ be add$4 ,! pi]c+ ( our ,,savi\r',s side1 ?ru/ 9 aft] ,matt4 xxvii4 #di3--! eclipse ( ! sun :5 ! moon 0 full1 9 ,lu4 xxiii4 #de3--! mon/r\s figm5t conc]n+ ,h]od's daught]1 ?ru/ into ,mk4 vi4 #bb3--! preci\s clauses omitt$ 9 ,matt4 i4 #be & xviii4 #aa3--;9 ,lu4 ix4 #ed-f1 & 9 ,jo4 iii4 #ac3--! wret*$ glosses 9 ,lu4 vi4 #dh3 x4 #db3 xv4 #ba3 ,jo4 x4 #ad & ,mk4 vi4 #bj3--! sub/itution ( 7= 7 9 ,matt4 xxvii4 #cd1--( 7= 7 9 ,jo4 i4 #ah1--( 7= 7 9 ix4 #ce1--( 7= 7 9 ,rom4 iv4 #h3--! geographical blund] 9 ,mk4 vii4 #ca3 9 ,lu4 iv4 #dd3--! omission 9 ,matt4 xii4 #dg1--;& ( two important v]ses 9 ,matt4 xvi4 #b1 #c3--( 9 ,acts i4 #ai3--( 9 iii4 #f2--;& ( 9 ,lu4 vi4 #a3--! two spuri\s clauses 9 ,mk4 iii4 #ad1 #af3--! obvi\s blund]s 9 ,jo4 ix4 #d & #aa3--;9 ,acts xii4 #be--;besides ! impossible read+ 9 #a ,cor4 xiii4 #c1--make up a heavy indictm5t aga9/ ,b & jo9tly--:i* are "h f\nd 9 company ) j a v few disreputable allies4 ,add1 ! pla9 error at ,lu4 ii4 #ad3--! gloss at ,mk4 v4 #cf3--! m]e fabrication at ,matt4 xix4 #ag3--! omissions at ,matt4 vi4 #ac3 ,jo4 v4 #c1 #d4 ,b 79 company ) o!rs1 b ap>t f 7 by exhibit+ 9 ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai3-- 9 ,mk4 ix4 #a3--8sev5ty-two10 9 ,lu4 x4 #a3--! blund] 9 ,lu4 xvi4 #ab3--;& ! griev\s omissions 9 ,lu4 xxii4 #dc1 #dd 7,,*ri/',s ,agony 9 ! ,g>d571--& xxiii4 #cd 7,8 pray] = ,8 murd]]s71--enjoys un5viable di/9ction4--,b1 s+ly1 is rem>kable = an obvi\s blund] 9 ,matt4 xxi4 #ca3--,lu4 xxi4 #bd3--;,jo4 xviii4 #e3--;,acts x4 #ai--;& xvii4 #bh3--xxvii4 #cg3--n to m5tion ! ins]tion ( 9 ,jo4 vii4 #ci4 79 company ) o!rs1 b ap>t f ,b7 is conspicu\s = its sorry int]polation ( ,matt4 viii4 #ac3--;its sub/itution ( 7= 7 9 ,s4 ,john i4 #d3--;its geographical blund] 9 ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #ac3--;its textual blund] at #a ,pet4 i4 #bc4--1 s+ly1 is rem>kable = its sorry p>aphrase 9 ,jo4 ii4 #c3--;its addition to i4 #cd3--;its omissions 9 ,matt4 xxiii4 #ce3--,mk4 i4 #a3--;,jo4 ix4 #ch3--;its ins]tion ( 9 ,matt4 xiii4 #ce3--;its geographical blund]s 9 ,mk4 i4 #bh3--,lu4 i4 #bf3--;,acts viii4 #e3--;besides ! blund]s 9 ,jo4 vi4 #ea--;& xiii4 #aj3--a ,tim4 iii4 #af3--;,acts xxv4 #ac3--;& ! cle>ly fabricat$ n>rative ( ,jo4 xiii4 #bd4 ,add ! fabricat$ text at ,mk4 xiv4 #cj1 #fh1 #gb2 ( :i* ! object 0 8s f> to assimilate ! n>rative ( ,pet]'s d5ials ) ^? ( ! o!r ,evangeli/s1 z to suppress ! fact1 v\*$ = by ,s4 ,m>k only1 t ! cock cr[$ twice40 #gda ,*>act]i/ic1 & fatal beyond any?+ t c be nam$ are1 7#a7 ,! exclusive omission by ,b & ( ,m>k xvi4 #i-bj3--7b7 ,! omission ( 1 f ,ephes4 i4 #a3--7c7 ,! blund]1 1 9 ,james i4 #ag3--7d7 ,! nons5sical 9 ,matt4 xvii4 #bb3--7e7 ,t 8vile error10 7z ,scriv5] calls x17 1 9 ,acts xxviii4 #ac3--7f7 ,! impossible ord] ( words 9 ,lu4 xxiii4 #cb2 & 7#g7 ,! extraord9>y ord] 9 ,acts i4 #e3--7h7 ,! omission ( ! la/ clause ( ! ,,"l',s pray]1 9 ,lu4 xi4 #d2 & 7#i7 ,( t solemn v]se1 ,matt4 xvii4 #ba2 & 7#aj7 ,( 9 ,matt4 xiv4 #cj3--7aa7 ,! sub/itution ( 7= 7 9 ,matt4 xi4 #bi3--7ab7 ,( 7= 7 9 ,jo4 xix4 #ci1--;& 7#ac7 ( 7= 7 9 ,john xix4 #da4 ,!n1 7#ad7 ,! ?ru/+ ( into ,matt4 xvi4 #ba1--;& 7#ae7 ,( into vi4 #h3--;besides 7#af7 ,s m9ute a peculi>ity z 9 ,matt4 x4 #ce3 xii4 #bd1 #bg3 ,lu4 xi4 #ae1 #ah1 #ai4 7#ag7 ,add1 ! gloss at ,matt4 xvii4 #bj1 & 7#ah7 ,! omissions at ,matt4 v4 #bb3 xvii4 #ba4--;,x mu/ be admitt$ t su* peculi> blemi%es1 tak5 collectively1 con/itute a pro( ( aff9ity ( orig91--community ( desc5t f "o & ! same disreputable ance/or4 ,b space fails u4 ,! ,read] w be int]e/$ to le>n t al?\gh1 9 ! ,gospels1 ,b comb9es exclusively ) ,a1 b #aa times2 & ) ,c1 b #ch times3 ) ,d1 x comb9es exclusively #ada times1 & ) 1 #bci times3 7viz4 9 ,matt4 #aba1--;9 ,mk4 #bf1--;9 ,lu4 #ea1--;9 ,jo4 #da times74 ,contra/ x ) ,a3--:i* comb9es exclusively ) ,d1 #ba times3 ) #ac times3 ) ,b1 #aa times3 ) ,c1 #d times4 #gdb ,! ,review] speaks f actual inspection ( bo? docum5ts4 ,!y are ess5tially dissimil>4 ,! le>n$ ,c]iani assur$ ! ,review] 79 #ahgb7 t :]eas ! ,vatican ,codex mu/ c]ta9ly h be5 writt5 9 ,italy1--! bir?place ( ! ,s9aitic 0 n ,egypt1 b ei!r ,pale/9e or ,syria4 ,?us1 consid]ations ( "t & place effectually dispose ( ,tis*5dorf's prepo/]\s notion t ! ,scribe ( ,codex ,b wrote six leaves ( 3 an imag9ation :i* solely result$ f ! anxiety ( ! ,critic to secure = 8 own cod4 ! same antiquity :i* is claim$ = ! vaunt$ cod4 ,b4 ,?is op9ion ( ,dr4 ,tis*5dorf's re/s on ! same fanciful basis z 8 notion t ! la/ v]se ( ,s4 ,john's ,gospel 9 0 n writt5 by ! same h& :i* wrote ! re/ ( ! ,gospel4 ,!re is no mann] ( diff]5ce3 ?\gh ( c\rse x is possible t ! scribe took a new p51 prelim9>y to writ+ t la/ v]se1 & execut+ ! curi\s & delicate ornam5t :i* foll[s4 ,conc]n+ ,s4 ,jo4 xxi4 #be1 see above1 pp4 #bc-d4 #gdc ,tis*5dorf's n>rative ( ! discov]y ( ! ,s9aitic manuscript 78,:5 7 our ,gospels writt58071 #ahff1 p4 #bc4 #gdd 8,papyrus ,9dit de la ,biblio?que de ,m4 ,ambroise ,firm9-,didot4 ,n\veaux fragm5ts d',euripide et d'autres ,potes ,grecs1 publis p> ,m4 ,h5ri ,weil4 7,extrait des ,monum5s ,grecs publis p> l',association p\r l'enc\ragem5t des ,etudes ,grecques en ,france4 ,anne #ahgi470 ,pp4 #cf4 #gde ,! re/ ( ! passage may n be )\t int]e/ to classical read]s3--8,ce n'e/ pas dire qu'elle soit t\t fait sans intrt1 sans importance3 p\r la con/itution du texte4 ,elle n\s appr5d que1 au v]s #e1 1 p\r 7correction de ,wakefield7 tait dj l'anci5ne vulgate2 et que les v]s #aa et #ab1 s'ils sont altrs1 comme l'assur5t quelques diteurs d',euripide1 l'tai5t dj dans l'antiquit4 8,l'homme 444 tait aussi ignorant que nglig5t4 ,je le pr5ds p\r un ,egypti5 n'ayant qu'une connoissance trs imp>faite de la langue grecque1 et ne possdant aucune notion ni sur l'or?ographe1 ni sur les rgles les plus lm5taires du trimtre iambique4 ,le plus s+uli] e/ qu'il comm5ce sa copie au milieu d'un v]s et qu'il la f9isse de mme4 ,il oublie des lettres ncessaires1 il en aj\te de p>asites1 il les met les unes p\r les autres1 il tronque les mots ou il les altre1 au po9t de dtruire quelquefois la suite de la con/ruction et le s5s du passage40 ,a fai?ful copy ( ! v]ses 9 m9uscule *>act]s is subjo9$ = ! gratification ( ,s*ol>s4 ,we h b divid$ ! words & ins]t$ capital lett]s3-- 8 40 ,an excell5t s*ol> 7,r4 ,c4 ,p47 rem>ks1--8,! fragm5t mu/ h be5 writt5 f dictation 7( small p>ts1 z x seems to me72 & by an illit]ate scribe4 ,x is j su* a result z "o might expect f a half-educat$ read] enunciat+ ,milton = a half-educat$ writ]40 #gdf ,see p4 #cbd note #a4--,photius cod4 #dh says t 8,gaius0 0 a presbyt] ( ,rome1 & 4 ,see ,r\?'s ,reliqq4 ii4 #abe4 #gdg ,eusebius1 ,hi/4 ,ecol4 v4 #bh 7ap4 ,r\?'s ,reliqq4 ii4 #acb-d74 #gdh ,tregelles1 ,"p ii4 p4 #b4 #gdi ,scriv5]'s prefatory ,introduction1--p4 xix4 #gej ,ibid4 p4 iii4 #gea ,on ,revision1--p4 #dg4 #geb ,s+ul> to relate1 ,s4 ,m>k x4 #ag to #ca exactly fills two columns ( cod4 4 7,see ,tis*5dorf's repr9t1 #dto1 p4 #bd9947 #gec ,clem5s ,al4 7ed4 ,pott]71--pp4 #icg-h4444 ,note1 h[ ,clem5s beg9s v4 7p4 #ich1 l9e #cj74 ,?is w be f\nd notic$ bel[1 viz4 at p4 #ccf1 note #c4 #ged 8,?is ,text0 7say ! ,editors7 8is an attempt to reproduce at once ! autograph ,text40--,introduction1 p4 xxviii4 #gee ,we/cott & ,hort's ,introduction1 pp4 #aab-c4 #gef ,besides1--,all b ,l4 conspire #e times4 ,all b ,t4 #c times4 ,all b ,tr4 #a "t4 ,!n1--,t4 ,tr4 ,,:4 comb9e #b times ,t4 ,,:4 ,,rt4 #a "t ,tr4 ,,:4 ,,rt4 #a "t ,l4 ,tr4 ,,:4 #a "t ,!n1--,l4 ,t4 /& by !mselves #a "t ,l4 ,tr4 #a "t ,t4 ,,:4 #a "t ,la/ly1--,l4 /&s alone #d times4 ,total3 #ba4 #geg ,twice he agrees ) all #e3 viz4 omitt+ 9 v]4 #ba2 & 9 omitt+ 79 v]4 #bi73--,once he agrees ) only ,la*mann3 viz4 9 transpos+ 79 v]4 #bj74 #geh ,on ! rema9+ #e occasions 7#ag #c #e #be71 ,clem5s exhibits peculi> read+s ( 8 own1--sides ) no "o4 #gei ,q4 ,r4 p4 #cfj4 #gfj ,article xx4 #a4 #gfa 4--,s4 ,john xvi4 #ac4 #gfb ,!odoret1 ,opp4 iv4 #bjh4--;,comp4 ,cl9ton1 ,f4 ,r4 ii4 ,app5dix1 p4 #dgc4 #gfc ,! read] is invit$ to enquire = ,bp4 ,kaye 7( ,l9coln7's ,acc\nt ( ! writ+s ( ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1--& to read ! vi? & viii? *apt]s4 #gfd 4 7 v471--p4 #ich4 #gfe ,al=d's ,n4 ,t4 vol4 i4 proleg4 p4 #ib4 #gff ,see p4 #aig 7 #bfi73 & p4 #bja 7 #bge-i73--;& p4 #bje 7 #bhj74 #gfg ,preface 7#ahgj71 p4 xv4 #gfh ,see above1 pp4 #gi to #he4 #gfi ,pp4 #cei-fj4 #ggj ,p4 #baj to p4 #bhg4 ,see ! ,cont5ts1 pp4 xxiii4-xxviii4 #gga ,pp4 #ia-aai & pp4 #acc-adf4 #ggb 8,i p]ceiv$ a l>ge & wide basket full ( old p>*m5ts2 & ! libr>ian told me t two heaps l ?is _h be5 already committ$ to ! flames4 ,:at 0 my surprise to f9d amid ?is heap ( pap]s10 c4--7,n>rative ( ! discov]y ( ! ,s9aitic ,manuscript1 p4 #bc47 #ggc 4--#a ,tim4 vi4 #bj4 #ggd ,:ile ?is %eet is pass+ ?r\gh ! press1 ,i f9d among my pap]s a note 7writt5 9 #ahgf7 by ! le>n$1 lov$1 & lam5t$ ,editor ( ,cyril1--,philip ,e4 ,pusey1--) :om ,i us$ to be 9 con/ant communication3--8,x is n obvi\s to me1 look+ at ! subject f outside1 :y ,b ,c ,l1 con/itut+ a class ( ,,mss4 alli$ to ea* o!r1 & !re=e ne>ly #a- ,,mss41 are to be held to be sup]ior to ,a4 ,x is /ill less obvi\s to me :y ---- %[+ up 7z he does7 v _m grave faults ( ,b1 %\ld yet consid] ,b sup]ior 9 "* to ,a40 #gge ,introduction1 p4 #efg4 #ggf ,let ! foll[+ places be consid]$3 ,s4 ,jo4 i4 #ac2 iii4 #c1 #e1 #f1 #g1 #h2 #a ,jo4 ii4 #bi2 iii4 #i bis1 iv4 #g2 v4 #a bis1 #d1 #ah bis4 ,:y is x to be suppos$ t on ?is la/ occasion ,,! ,,et]nal ,,son %\ld be int5d$8 #ggg ,a991 ,b1 #aje4 #ggh ,! p>aphrase is int]e/+4 ,! ,vulgate1 ,j]ome ii4 #cba1 #fia1 ,cassian p4 #dji1--8,s$ g5]atio ,dei cons]vat eum30 ,*romatius ,gall4 viii4 #cdg1 & ,vigilius ,taps4 ap4 ,a?anas4 ii4 #fdf1--8,quia 7quoniam7 nativitas ,dei cu/odit 7s]vat7 illum40 ,9 a lett] ( #e ,bi%ops to ,innoc5tius ,i4 7,a4,d4 #daj7 ,gall&4 viii4 #eih b1 x is1--8,nativitas qu ex ,deo e/40 ,su* a r5d]+ 7viz4 88 hav+ be5 born ( ,,god07 am\nts to an int]pretation ( ! place4 #ggi ,f ! ,rev4 ,s4 ,c4 ,malan1 ,d4,d4 #ghj iv4 #cbf b c4 #gha ,gall4 viii4 #cdg1--( :i* ! ,greek is to be se5 9 ,cram]'s ,cat4 pp4 #adc-d4 ,_m portions ( ! lo/ ,text ( ?is ,fa!r1 7! pres5t passage includ$ p4 #bca7 are to be f\nd 9 ! ,s*olia publi%$ by ,c4 ,f4 ,mat?i ,n4 ,t4 xi4 #aha to #bde-g4 #ghb i4 #id1 #ig4 #ghc ,9 ,cat4 p4 #abd1 repeat$ p4 #add4 #ghd iii4 #dcc c4 #ghe ii4 #fja d4 #ghf ,by putt+ a small uncial above ! 4 #ghg ,diocesan ,progress1 ,jan4 #ahhb4--pp4 #bj p4 #ai4 #ghh ,introduction1 p4 #bhc4 ,notes1 pp4 #c1 #bb1 & passim4 #ghi ,s]mons1 vol4 i4 #acb1--78;,a =m ( s\nd words to be us$ by ,m9i/]s407 #gij ,quot$ by ps4-,ephraem ,evan4 ,conc4 p4 #ace l4 #b3--,nonnus3--,*rys4 viii4 #bdh3--;,cyril iv4 #bfi e1 #bgj a1 #bgc3--;,cram]'s ,cat4 p4 #bdb l4 #be 7:i* is n f ,*rys473--,*ron4 ,pas*ale #bag a 7dis]te74--,recogniz$ by ,melito 7,a4,d4 #agj73--;,ir5u 7,a4,d4 #agg73--;,hippolytus 7,a4,d4 #aij73--,orig53--,eusebius3--,apoll9>ius ,laod41 c4 #gia ,?is is ! true reason ( ! eag]ness :i* has be5 display$ 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s to f9d 1 7n 7 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3--;j z no?+ else b a det]m9ation t ,,*ri/ %all n be spok5 ( z 1 has occasion$ ! suppos$ d\bt z to ! con/ruction ( ,rom4 ix4 #e1--;9 :i* we rejoice to f9d t ,dr4 ,we/cott refuses to concur ) ,dr4 ,hort4 #gib ,see ,dr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,mill's ,univ]sity ,s]mons 7#ahde71--pp4 #cja-b & #cje3--;a volume :i* %\ld be f\nd 9 e cl]gyman's libr>y4 #gic ,rev4 xxii4 #ah1 #ai4 #gid 4 #gie ,?is happ5s n unfrequ5tly 9 codices ( ! type ( & ,b4 ,a fam\s in/ance occurs at ,col4 ii4 #ah1 7 1--8pry+ into ! ?+s he ha? n se5072 :]e 99 ,a ,b ,d99 & a little h&ful ( suspici\s docum5ts leave out ! 8n40 ,our ,editors1 r ?an recognize ?is blund] 7s obvi\s & ord9>y671 are = conjectur+ into 2 :i* 7if x means any?+ at all7 may z well mean1--8proce$+ on an airy f\ndation to (f] an empty conjecture40 ,dismiss+ t conjecture z wor?less1 we h to set (f ! :ole mass ( ! copies--aga9/ "s #f or #g3--;,ir5u 7i4 #hdg71 ,!odoras ,mops1 79 loc471 ,*rys4 7xi4 #cgb71 ,!odoret 7iii4 #dhi1 #dij71 ,john ,damasc5e 7ii4 #baa7--;aga9/ no ,fa!rs at all 7= ,orig5 once has iv4 #ffe2 once1 has x n iii4 #fc2 & once is d\btful i4 #ehc74 ,j]ome & ,augu/9e bo? take notice ( ! div]sity ( read+1 b only to reject x4--,! ,syriac v]sions1 ! ,vulgate1 ,go?ic1 ,georgian1 ,sclavonic1 ?iopic1 ,arabic & ,arm5ian--7we owe ! in=mation1 z usual1 to ,dr4 ,malan7--are to be set aga9/ ! suspici\s ,coptic4 ,all ^! !n are ) ! ,traditional ,text3 :i* _c s]i\sly be suspect$ ( error4 #gif 4 #gig ,augu/91 vii4 #eie4 #gih ii4 #dfg3 iii4 #hfe3--;ii4 #gjg3 iii4 #hjj3--;ii4 #ija4 ,9 ,luc4 pp4 #dbh1 #fed4 #gii ii4 #cdg4 #hjj ,preface to 8,provisional issue10 p4 xxi4 #hja ,introduction1 p4 #baj4 #hjb ,ibid4 p4 #bgf4 #hjc ,apud ,mai1 vi4 #aje4 #hjd ,opp4 vii4 #edc4 ,comp4 #cfi4 #hje ,ap4 ,cram]1 ,cat4 vi4 #ahg4 #hjf ,s1 ,nilus1 i4 #bgj4 #hjg ,int]p4 #eie3 #fjg4 #hjh ,dem4 ,evan4 p4 #ddd4 #hji ,p4 #cjf4 #haj ,epi/4 ad ,z54 iii4 #a4 #gh4 ,note1 t our le>n$ ,cave consid]$ ?is to be a g5u9e "w ( ,ju/9 ,m4 7,a4,d4 #aej74 #haa ,cantic4 7an e>ly "w7 int]p4 iii4 #ci1--?\gh else:]e 7i4 #aab1 #aha 83 ii4 #cje int4 b n ii4 #dai7 he is = leav+ out 4 #hab ,gall4 iii4 #gb & #afa4 #hac ii4 #hi b & e 7p>tly quot$ 9 ! ,cat4 ( ,nicetas7 expressly3 #bfe4 #had i4 #hah expressly4 #hae ii4 #cab 7pres]v$ 9 ,j]ome's ,lat9 translation1 i4 #bdj74 #haf i4 #acb2 iii4 #ddb4 #hag #dgb1 #fcd4 #hah ,ap4 ,*rys4 #hai iii4 #gfh3 apud ,mai1 ii4 #f & iii4 #bfh4 #hbj i4 #dh1 #ffd2 iv4 #idf4 #hba ,cram]'s ,cat4 viii4 #ab1 l9e #ad4 #hbb #abh1 #fbe4 #hbc ,gall4 vi4 #aha4 #hbd ,gall4 x4 #ad4 #hbe ,gall4 vii4 #eji4 #hbf i4 #bg1 writt5 :5 he 0 #db2 & ii4 #gcc1 #gci1 writt5 :5 he 0 #hd4 #hbg vii4 #bf1--8,rad5dum e/ ergo s9e caus40 ,& s1 at p4 #fcf4 #hbh #ajfd4 #hbi ii4 #bfa4 #hcj ii4 #eib4 #hca ,amphilo*ia1 7,a!ns1 #aheh17--p4 #cag4 ,also 9 ,cat4 #hcb ,apoph!gm4 ,,pp4 ap4 ,cotel4 ,eccl4 ,gr4 ,mon4 i4 #fbb4 #hcc ,s4 ,mat?4 xv4 #ad4 #hcd ,gospel ( ! ,resurrection1--p4 vii4 #hce ,introduction1 pp4 #cjj-b4 #hcf ,ibid4 p4 #bii4 #hcg ,app5dix1 p4 #ff4 #hch ,see ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1 p4 #dcb4 #hci ,on ,revision1--p4 #ii4 #hdj ,spee* 9 ,convocation1 ,feb4 #ahgj1 7p4 #hc47 #hda ,on ,revision1--p4 #bje4 #hdb ,address to ,l9coln ,diocesan ,conf]5ce1--p4 #be4 #hdc ,ibid41--p4 #bg4 #hdd ,consid]ations on ,revision1--p4 #dd4 ,! ,preface is dat$ #bcrd ,may1 #ahgj4 ,! ,revis]s met on ! #bbnd ( ,june4 ,we le>n f ,dr4 ,new?'s ,lectures on ,bible ,revision 7#ahha71 t1--8,z ! g5]al ,rules "u :i* ! ,revision 0 to be c>ri$ out _h be5 c>efully prep>$1 no ne$ exi/$ = any l5g!n$ discussion ( prelim9>y arrangem5ts1 & ! ,company ^u its fir/ meet+ 0 able to ent] at once ^u its "w0 7p4 #aah7 444 8,! portion prescrib$ = ! fir/ session 0 ,matt4 i4 to iv40 7p4 #aai7 444 8,! "q ( ! spell+ ( prop] names 444 be+ settl$1 ! ,company proce$$ to ! actual details ( ! ,revision1 & 9 a surpris+ly %ort "t settl$ d[n to an e/abli%$ me?od ( proc$ure40--8,all proposals made at ! fir/ ,revision 7 decid$ by simple majorities0 7p4 #abb7 444 8,! que/ions :i* conc]n$ ! ,greek ,text 7 decid$ = ! mo/ "p at ! ,fir/ ,revision40 7,bp4 ,ellicott's ,pamphlet1 p4 #cd47 #hde ,! ,revis]s & ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 by two ,memb]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,company1--#ahhb4 ,macmillan1 pp4 #gi1 price two %ill+s & sixp5ce4 #hdf 8,to ^! two articles--s f>1 at lea/1 z !y are conc]n$ ) ! ,greek ,text adopt$ by ! ,revis]s--our ,essay is int5d$ = an answ]40--p4 #gi4 #hdg ,see above1 pages #bce to #cff4 #hdh ,article ,,iii41--see la/ note4 #hdi ,pamphlet1 p4 #gi4 #hej ,! ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ! fir/ ?ree ,gospels1 consid]$ 9 its be>+s ^u ! record ( our ,,"l',s ,words & ( incid5ts 9 ,8 ,life1--7#ahhb4 pp4 #bej4 ,murray17--p4 #bcb4 ,canon ,cook's temp]ate & v int]e/+ volume w be f\nd simply unansw]able4 #hea ,p4 #dj4 #heb ,ibid4 #hec ,z at p4 #d1 & p4 #ab1 & p4 #ac1 & p4 #ai1 & p4 #dj4 #hed ,see above1 pp4 #cdh-cej4 #hee ,p4 #dj4 #hef ,p4 #dj4 #heg ,p4 #gg4 #heh ,p4 #da1 & s at p4 #gg4 #hei ,p4 #da4 #hfj ,p4 #e4 #hfa ,p4 #c4 #hfb ,p4 #gg4 #hfc ,on ,revision1 pp4 #dg-h4 #hfd ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1--p4 #dbc4 #hfe ,ibid4 p4 #dba4 #hff 8,non tantum totius ,antiquitatis altum de tali op]e suscepto sil5tium1--s$ etiam frequ5tes ,patrum1 usque ad qu>tum seculum viv5tium1 de textu ,n4 ,t4 lib]ius tractato1 impuneque corrupto1 deque summ ,codicum dissonanti qu]el1 nec non ips corruptiones inde a primis temporibus cont9uo propagat1--satis sunt docum5to1 nem9em opus tam arduum1 scrupulorum pl5um1 atque invidi et calumniis obnoxium1 aggressum fuisse2 etiamsi doctiorum ,patrum de s+ulis locis disputationes o/5dant1 eos non prorsus rudes 9 rebus criticis fuisse40--,codd4 ,,mss4 ,n4 ,t4 ,grcorum c4 nova descriptio1 et cum textu vulgo recepto ,collatio1 c4 #dto4 ,gott+1 #ahdg4 7p4 #d47 #hfg ,he proce$s3--8,hucusque nem9i contigit1 nec 9 po/]um1 puto1 cont+et1 monum5torum no/rorum1 tanquam totidem te/ium s+ulorum1 +5s agm5 ad tres quatuorve1 e quibus omnium te/imonium p5deat1 te/es ref]re2 aut e te/ium grege innum]o aliquot duces auctoresque sec]n]e1 quorum te/imonium tam pl5um1 c]tum firmumque sit1 ut s9e damno cet]orum te/imonio c>eamus40--,ibid4 7p4 #ai47 #hfh ,comm5t>ius ,criticus 9 ,n4 ,t4 79 8 ,preface to ! ,ep4 to ! ,hebrews74 ,we are indebt$ to ,canon ,cook = call+ att5tion to ?is4 ,see by all means 8 ,revis$ ,text ( ! fir/ ?ree ,gospels1--pp4 #d-h4 #hfi ,x requires to be /at$1 t1 7z expla9$ by ! ,abb to ! pres5t writ]17 ! 8,po/-scriptum0 ( 8 ,fascic4 ,,iv41 7viz4 f p4 #bcd to p4 #bcf17 is a jeu d'esprit only1--int5d$ to enliv5 a dry subject1 & to ent]ta9 8 pupils4 #hgj ,x seems to h escap$ ,bi%op ,ellicott's notice1 7& yet ! fact well des]ves commemoration7 t ! claims ( ,tis*5dorf & ,tregelles on ! ,*ur*'s gratitude1 are n by any means f\nd$ on ! ,texts :i* !y sev]ally put =?4 ,z 9 ! case ( ,mill1 ,wet/e9 & ,bir*1 _! m]it is t !y pati5tly accumulat$ evid5ce4 8,tis*5dorf's reputation z a ,biblical s*ol> re/s less on 8 critical editions ( ! ,n4 ,t41 ?an on ! texts ( ! *ief uncial au?orities :i* 9 rapid succession he gave to ! _w40 7,scriv5]'s ,introduction1--p4 #dbg47 #hga ,p4 #ab4 #hgb ,p4 #ac4 #hgc ,see above1 pp4 #ab3 #cj-c3 #cd-e3 #df-g3 #ge3 #id-f3 #bdi3 #bfb3 #bhi3 #cai4 #hgd ,p4 #dj4 #hge ,p4 #ai4 #hgf ,p4 #d4 #hgg ,acts xix4 #ce4 #hgh ,supr1 pp4 #cci-da4 #hgi ,p4 #ac4 #hhj ,bp4 ,ellicott1 ,on ,revision1 c4--p4 #cj4 #hha ,p4 #ae4 #hhb ,p4 #af4 #hhc ,p4 #ag4 #hhd ,p4 #ah4 #hhe ,p4 #ai4 #hhf ,p4 #ai4 #hhg ,p4 #bj4 #hhh ,p4 #ba4 #hhi ,pp4 #bc-d4 #hij ,supra1 pp4 #beh-bff4 #hia ,pp4 #be-g4 #hib ,see ,art4 ,,iii41--viz4 f p4 #bce to p4 #cff4 #hic ,y ref] to su* places z pp4 #hg-h & #bbd1 :]e see ! ,notes4 #hid ,*ronicle ( ,convocation1 ,feb4 #ahgj1 p4 #hc4 #hie ,see above1 p4 #cfh4 #hif ,! clause 78& saye/ ?\1 ,:o t\*$ me807 is witness$ to by ,a ,c ,d ,p ,r ,x & e o!r kn[n uncial except ?ree ( bad "*3 by e kn[n cursive b f\r3--by ! ,old ,lat9 & ,vulgate3 by all ! f\r ,syriac3 by ! ,go?ic & ! ?iopic ,v]sions2 z well z by ps4-,tatian 7,evan4 ,concord1 p4 #gg7 & ,*ryso/om 7vii4 #cei a74 ,x _c be pret5d$ t ! words are d]iv$ f ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel 7z ,tis*5dorf co>sely imag9$72--= ! suffici5t reason t ! words are n f\nd !re4 ,9 ,s4 ,m>k 7v4 #ca7 x is1-- 1 2 9 ,s4 ,luke 7viii4 #de71 1 4 ,moreov]1 ?is delicate di/9ction has be5 ma9ta9$ all d[n ! ages4 #hig ,page #aed to p4 #afd4 #hih ,y w p]haps rem9d me t y d n read 4 ,i am aw>e t y h tacitly sub/itut$ 1--:i* is only support$ by f\r manuscripts ( bad "*3 be+ disall[$ by eighte5 uncials1 7) ,a ,c ,d at _! head17 & e kn[n cursive b "o2 besides ! foll[+ ,fa!rs3--,m>cion 7,epiph4 i4 #cac a1 #cbg a47 7,a4,d4 #aej71--,orig5 7iii4 #dff e471--! au?or ( ! ,dialogus 7,orig4 i4 #hec d47 7,a4,d4 #cbe71--;,epiphanius 7i4 #cbg b471--,didymus 7pp4 #abd1 #dac471 9 two places1--,basil 7iii4 #h c471--,*ryso/om 7vii4 #ecb a471--,cyril 7,opp4 vi4 #ii e4 ,mai1 ii4 #bbf47 9 two places1--ps4-,a?anasius 7ii4 #ad c47 7,a4,d4 #djj71--ps4-,*ryso/om 7xiii4 #bab e f474444 ,is x tol]able t ! ,sacr$ ,text %\ld be put to wrongs aft] ?is fa%ion1 by a body ( m5 :o are av[$ly 7= see page #cfi7 unskill$ 9 ,textual ,criticism1 & :o 7 appo9t$ only to revise ! au?oriz$ ,engli% ,v]sion8 #hii ,?is ,i make ! actual sum1 aft] d$uct+ = m>g9al notes & v>iations 9 /ops4 #ijj ,i mean su* *anges z = 7ix4 #g71-- = 7xv4 #bc71 c4 ,^! are g5]ally ! result ( a *ange ( con/ruction4 #ija ,,ms4 communication f my fri5d1 ! ,editor #ijb ,i desire to keep out ( sight ! critical impropriety ( su* corrections ( ! text4 ,& yet1 x is wor? /at+ t ,b ,l are ! only witnesses discov]able = ! =m]1 & almo/ ! only witnesses to be f\nd = ! latt] ( ^! two utt]ly unmean+ *anges4 #ijc ,*>act]i/ic ( ^! two false-witnesses is x1 t !y are n able to convey ev5 ?is %ort message correctly4 ,9 report+ ! two words 1 !y contrive to make two blund]s4 ,b sub/itutes = 3 1 = 1--:i* latt] ecc5tricity ,tis*5dorf 7*>act]i/ically7 does n allude to 9 8 note 444 8,^! be ?y gods1 ,o ,israel60 #ijd ,rev4 xxii4 #ai4 #ije iv4 #bh1 c4 #a 7p4 #fee ,mass4 #bfe74 ,note t ! ref]5ce is n to ,s4 ,matt4 x4 #ae4 #ijf ,p4 #abc4 #ijg ,viz4 vi4 #g-ac4 #ijh i4 #aii & #bjj4 #iji ,9 loc4 #iaj ,see above1 pp4 #cdg-i4 #iaa ,see above1 pp4 #gi-he4 #iab ,see above1 pp4 #dji-daa4 #iac ,see above1 p4 #cii4 #iad ,bp4 ,ellicott on ,revision1 p4 #cj4 #iae ,! ,bp4 att5d$ only "o meet+ ( ! ,revis]s4 7,new?1 p4 #abe47 #iaf ,page #d4 #iag ,see above1 pp4 #da to #dg4 #iah ,pages #ag1 #ah4 #iai ,see above1 p4 #cg1 note #a4 #ibj ,pages #ih-ajf4 #iba ,pages #fd-gf4 #ibb ,! exceptions are n wor? notic+ "h4 #ibc ,n4 ,t4 ed4 #b;da4 #ahjg1 iii4 #ddb-c4 #ibd i4 #hhg c4 #ibe ,call$ ,ancoratus1 writt5 9 ,pamphylia1 ,a4,d4 #cgc4 ,! extract 9 ,adv4 ,hr4 ext5ds f p4 #hhg to p4 #hii 7 ,ancor4 ii4 #fg-gi74 #ibf ii4 #gd b4 ,note1 t to beg9 ! quotation at ! ^w 0 a frequ5t practice ) ! anci5ts1 especially :5 en\gh _h be5 said already to make x pla9 t x 0 ( ! ,,son !y 7 speak+1 or :5 x w\ld h be5 no?+ to ! purpose to beg9 ) 4 ,?us ,orig51 iv4 #dfe c3--,didymus on #a ,john apud ,gall&4 vi4 #cja a3--,ne/orius1 apud ,cyril1 vi4 #ajc e3--ps-,*ryso/4 x4 #gfc c1 #gfd c3--& ! ,lat9 ( ,cyril v4#a #ghe4 ,s inde$ ps-,epiphanius1 ii4 #cjg c4 #ibg i4 #hid c4 #ibh ,apud ,!odoret1 v4 #gai4 #ibi iv4 #fbb a1--qui app>uit 9 c>ne1 ju/ificatus e/ 9 spiritu4 #icj ,de inc>n4 ,unig4 v4 "p i4 #fhj d e ,de rect fide1 v4 "p ii4 b c4 #ica ,ibid4 #fha a ibid4 #f d e4 #icb ,page #ih4 #icc ,note at ! end ( ,bi%op ,ellicott's ,comm5t>y on #a ,timo?y4 #icd ,b]riman's ,,ms4 ,note 9 ! ,briti% ,museum copy ( 8 ,diss]tation1--p4 #aed4 ,ano!r annotat$ copy is 9 ! ,bodleian4 #ice 8,c]te quidem 9 exempl>i ,alex&r9o no/ro1 l9ea illa transv]sa quam loquor1 adeo exilis ac plane evanida e/1 ut primo intuitu haud dubit>im ipse scriptum 1 quod pro9de 9 v>iantes lectiones conjec]am4444 ,v]um po/ea p]lu/rato att5tius loco1 l9eol1 qu primam aciem fug]at1 ductus quosdam ac ve/igia satis c]ta depreh5di1 prs]tim ad p>tem s9i/ram1 qu p]iph]iam lit] p]t+it10 c4--,9 loco4 #icf ,clem4 ,rom4 ed4 ,wotton1 p4 #bg4 #icg ,b]riman1 pp4 #aed-e4 #ich ,ibid4 7,,ms4 ,note47 ,b]riman adds o!r important te/imony1 p4 #aef4 #ici ,diss]tation1 p4 #aef4 ,b]riman ref]s to ! fact t "s "o 9 rec5t times1 ) a view app>5tly to e/abli% ! actual read+ ( ! place1 has clumsily ?ick5$ ! sup]ior /roke ) common black ink1 & introduc$ a rude dot into ! middle ( ! 4 ,!re has be5 no attempt at fraud4 ,su* a l9e & su* a dot c\ld deceive no "o4 #idj 8,quanquam l9eola1 qu comp5diose scriptum ab di/+uitur1 suble/a videtur nonnullis40--,n4 ,t4 p4 #gaj4 #ida ,griesba* 9 #aghe makes ! same report3--8,manibus hom9um inepte curiosorum ea folii p>s qu dictum controv]sum cont9et1 adeo detrita e/1 ut nemo mortalium hodie c]ti quidquam disc]n]e possit 444 ,non oculos tantum s$ digitos etiam adhibuisse vid5tur1 ut primitivam illius loci lectionem eru]5t et velut exsculp]5t40 7,symb4 ,crit4 i4 p4 x47 ,! ,,ms4 0 evid5tly 9 precisely ! same /ate :5 ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,c4 ,vel?us5 7,obs]vations on ,v>i\s ,subjects1 pp4 #gd-hg7 inspect$ x 9 #aggc4 #idb ,z ,c4 ,f4 ,mat?i ,n4 ,t4 m4 xi4 ,prfat4 pp4 lii4-iii4 rem>ks3--8cum de ,div9itate ,,*ri/i agitur1 ibi pr(ecto sui dissimilior depreh5ditur40 ,woide in/ances x z an example ( ! =ce ( prejudice1 t ,wet/e9 8app>itionem l9eol alii caus adscripsisse1 quia eam abesse volebat40 ,prfat4 p4 xxxi4 #idc 8,patet1 ut alia mittamus1 e cons5su ,v]sionum10 c4--ii4 #adi4 #idd ,woide1 ibid4 #ide ,supra1 p4 #ajj4 #idf ,introduction1 p4 #eec4 #idg ,introd4 p4 #eec4 #idh ,any "o desir\s ( und]/&+ ?is "q fully1 %\ld 7besides ,b]riman's admirable ,diss]tation7 read ,woide's ,prfatio to 8 edition ( ,codex ,a1 pp4 xxx4 to xxxii4 7 #hg74--8;,erunt =tasse quidam0 7he writes 9 conclusion7 8qui suspicabuntur1 nonnullos hanc l9eolam diametralem 9 m$io vidisse1 quoniam eam vid]e volebant4 ,nec neg>i pote/ prsumpt>um op9ionum esse vim p]magnam4 ,s$ idem1 etiam ,wet/5io1 nec imm]ito1 objici pote/1 eam app>itionem l9eol alii caus adscripsisse1 quia eam abesse volebat4 ,et eruditissimis plac]e aliqu&o1 qu vitiosa sunt1 scio3 s$ omnia te/imonia1 omnemque hi/oricam v]itatem 9 suspicionem adduc]e non licet3 nec mirum e/ nos ea nunc non disc]n]e1 qu1 antequam nos ,codicem vidissemus1 evanu]ant40 #idi ,prolegom5a to 8 ed4 ( ,cod4 ,c1--pp4 #ci-db4 #iej 8 habet codex ,c1 ut puto2 nam l9eola illa t5uis1 qu ex facit 1 non app>et40 7,9 loc47 ,& s ,griesba*1 ,symb4 ,crit4 i4 p4 viii4 7#aghe74 #iea 8,quotiescunque locum inspiciebam 7inspexi autem p] hoc bi5nium spissime7 mihi prorsus app>ebat40 8,quam l9eolam miror hucusque omnium oculos fugisse40 ,prolegg4 p4 #da4444 ,equidem miror sane4 #ieb ,page #ge4 #iec ,pages #fd1 #fi1 #ga1 #ge4--,"s h po9t$ out t opposite 9 ,f--above 9 ,g1--is writt5 8quod40 ,yes1 b n 8qui40 ,! ,lat9 v]sion is indep5d5t ( ! ,greek4 ,9 ,s4 ,m>k xi4 #h1 above is writt5 8arboribus20 & 9 #a ,tim4 iv4 #aj1 is translat$ by ,f 8mal$icimur10--by ,g1 8exprobramur vel mal$icimur40 #ied ,introduction to ,cod4 ,augi5sis1 p4 xxviij4 #iee ,e4g4 ,out ( #b ,tim4 ii4 #ai1 !y bo? make 4 ,= ,tit4 i4 #ac1 bo? write 3--= #b ,cor4 v4 #ag bo? give 3--= #a ,tim4 iii4 #aj1 bo? exhibit 78nullum crim5 hab5tes073--= #b ,tim4 ii4 #ag1 bo? exhibit 7,f ,g7 1 7,g1 :o writes above ! words 8sicut canc] ut s]pat074 #ief ,he mu/ be held responsible = 9 place ( #a ,tim4 iv4 #b3 in/ead ( #b ,cor4 v4 #ai3 in/ead ( #b ,tim4 ii4 #be4 ,& he 0 ! au?or ( 9 ,phil4 iv4 #c3 z well z ( 9 #a ,tim4 iv4 #a4 ,b ! scribes ( ,f & ,g also 7 curi\sly innoc5t ( ,greek4 ,g sugge/s t 79 #a ,tim4 ii4 #aj7 may be 8inf9itivus0--7( c\rse f 74 #ieg ,introduction1 p4 #aee4 #ieh ,?irte5 times betwe5 ,rom4 i4 #g & xiii4 #a4 #iei ,e4g4 ,gal4 iii4 #a2 #a ,cor4 xv4 #ee2 #b ,cor4 vi4 #aa 7 & 74 ,^? :o h ,mat?i's repr9t ( ,g at h& are invit$ to ref] to ! la/ l9e ( fol4 #ia3 7#a ,tim4 vi4 #bj7 :]e is exhibit$ ?us3-- 4 #ifj ,col4 ii4 #bb1 #bc3 iii4 #b4 #ifa ,z #a ,tim4 iii4 #a3 iv4 #ad3 vi4 #ae4 ,consid] ! practice ( ,f 9 #a ,!ss4 i4 #i 72 73 9 #b ,cor4 viii4 #aa1 #ad 72 74 #ifb ,r>e/ ( all are in/ances ( ?is m>k ov] ! ,lat9 8e03 b we meet ) 8sp0 7,col4 i4 #bc73 8s0 7ii4 #ah73 rpntes 7#b ,tim4 iii4 #f71 c4 ,s1 9 ! ,greek1 or writt5 are mo/ unusual4--,a few in/ances are f\nd ( 8u0 ) ?is app5dage1 z 8doms0 7#a ,tim4 v4 #ac73 8_s0 7#a ,cor4 iv4 #ba71 c4 #ifc ,?is in=mation is obta9$ f a photograph ( ! page procur$ f ,dresd5 ?r\gh ! k9dness ( ! libr>ian1 ,c\nsellor ,dr4 ,=/emann4 #ifd ,see ,rettig's ,prolegg4 pp4 xxiv4-v4 #ife 8,y w p]ceive t ,i h n[ succe$$ 9 id5tify+ e ,evangelium hi!rto spok5 ( z exi/+ 9 ,flor5ce1 ) ! exception ( ,evan #cfe ,act4 #ade1 ,paul #aha 7,laur5t vi4 #cf71 c41 :i* is said to #8conta9 also ! ,psalms4' ,i assure y no su* ,codex exi/s 9 ! ,laur5tian ,libr>y2 no1 nor ev] did exi/ !re4 ,dr4 ,anziani devot$ full an h\r to ! enquiry1 all[+ me = ,i 0 v incr$ul\s to see ! process :]eby he conv9c$ himself t ,s*olz is 9 error4 ,x 0 j su* an intellig5t & exhau/ive process z ,coxe ( ! ,bodleian1 or de> old ,dr4 ,b&9el be=e him1 w\ld h gone ?r\gh "u simil> circum/ances4 ,pray /rike t ,codex (f y\r li/2 & ) x #8,acts #ade' & #8,paul #aha4' ,i ne$ h>dly say t ,b&9i's ,catalogue kn[s no?+ ( x4 ,x annoys me to be oblig$ to add t ,i _c ev5 f9d out ! hi/ory ( ,s*olz's mi/ake40--,gu>dian1 ,augu/ #bg1 #ahgc4 #iff 8,^: ^w on su* matt]s is entitl$ to mo/ cr$it1--! ^w ( ! ,review]1 or ! ^w ( ! mo/ fam\s manuscript collators ( ?is c5tury8444 ,^? :o h _h occasion to seek 9 public libr>ies = manuscripts :i* are n fam\s = antiquity or beauty or complet5ess 7sic71 "k t ! answ] #8non e/ inv5tus' is no conclusive reason = believ+ t ! object ( _! que/ has n be5 se5 & collat$ 9 =m] ye>s by ^? :o pr(ess to h actually se5 & collat$ x4 ,t #aha #8is non-exi/5t' mu/ be consid]$ unprov540--,bp4 ,ellicott's ,pamphlet1 p4 #gb4 #ifg ,! le>n$ ,abb ,m>t91 :o has oblig+ly inspect$ = me ! #ah copies ( ! 8,praxapo/olus0 9 ! ,p>is libr>y1 reports z foll[s conc]n+ 8,apo/4 #ab0 7 ,reg4 #cge71--8;,a v f\l ,,ms4 ( small value1 ,i believe3 b a curi\s specim5 ( bad ,occid5tal s*ol>%ip4 ,x 0 copi$ = ! monks ( ,s4 ,d5ys1 & exhibits _m ,lat9 words2 hav+ be5 app>5tly revis$ on ! ,lat94 ,! lection is assign$ to 7n 7 9 ?is codex40 #ifh 8,codices ,crypt5ses seu ,abbati ,crypt ,f]rat 9 ,tusculano1 dige/i et illu/rati cura et /udio ,d4 ,antonii ,roc*i1 ,hi]omona*i ,basiliani ,biblio!c cu/odis10--,tusculani1 fol4 #ahhb4--;,i h receiv$ #dbd pages 7#a ,may1 #ahhc74 #ifi ,n a few ( ! ,basilian ,codices h be5 transf]r$ to ! ,vatican4 #igj ,9 an ,,app5dix to ! pres5t volume1 ,i w give full] in=mation4 ,i am /ill 7#crd ,may1 #ahhc7 await+ replies to my tr\blesome int]rogatories address$ to ! heads ( n a few cont95tal libr>ies4 #iga ,ruf9us1 namely 7fl4 ,a4,d4 #cie74 ,opp4 iv4 #dfe #igb ,,ms4 lett] to myself1 ,augu/ #aa1 #ahgi4 #igc ,,ms4 lett] f ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,deane1 ( ,s4 ,john's ,college1 ,ox=d4 #igd ,see above1 page #dbi4 #ige ,page #ga4 ,& s p4 #fe & #fi4 #igf ,,ms4 lett] to myself4 #igg ,see above1 page #dbi4 #igh ,ulfilas4 ,vet]is et ,novi ,te/4 ,v]sionis ,go?4 fragm5ta qu sup]sunt1 c4 #dto4 #ahdc4 #igi 8,si tam5 ,upp/rm #8obscurum' dixit1 non #8inc]tum1' fides illi adhib]i pote/1 quia dilig5tissime apices omnes inve/igabat2 me enim prs5te 9 aula codicem tractabat40--7,private lett] to myself47 ,c]iani proce$s1--8,quris quomodo componatur cum textu #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 nota #ed ,proleg4 ,gabel5tz ,go?icam v]sionem leg5s 4 ,put>em ex loco ,ca/illioni 9 notis ad ,philip4 ii4 #f1 locutos fuisse doctos illos ,g]manos1 oblitos illius ,r\? prcepti #8,let me recomm5d to y ! practice ( always v]ify+ y\r ref]5ces1 sir4' 0 ,! read] w be int]e/$ to be in=m$ t ,ca/iglione1 ! =m] editor ( ! codex1 0 9 fav\r ( 8,,god0 9 #ahce1 & ( 8soei0 7qu 1 to agree ) 8runa10 i4e4 8my/]y10 :i* is fem99e 9 ,go?ic7 9 #ahci4 ,gabel5tz1 9 #ahdc1 v5tur$ to pr9t 8saei0 4 8,et #8saei' legit etiam dilig5tissimus ,&reas ,upp/rm nup]us codicis ,ambrosiani inve/igator et editor1 9 op]e ,codicis ,go?ici ,ambrosiani sive ,epi/4 ,pauli1 c4 ,holmi et ,lipsi1 #ahfh40 #ihj ,/uttg>d1 #aheg4 #iha ,( ! dep>tm5t ( ,ori5tal ,,mss4 9 ! ,brit4 ,mus41 :o d]ives 8 text f 8! ?ree ,museum ,,mss4 :i* conta9 ! ,arabic ,v]sion ( ! ,epi/les3 viz4 ,h>l4 #edgd 7dat$ ,a4,d4 #accb73--,ori5tal #acbh 7,x? c5t473--,arundel ,ori5t4 #ai 7dat$ ,a4,d4 #afaf740--,walton's ,polyglott1 he says1 exhibits 8a g>bl$ v]sion1 q di/9ct f ! g5u9e ,arabic3 viz4 #8,^! glories commemorate !m 9 ! greatness ( ! my/]y ( fair piety4 ,,god appe>$ 9 ! fle%1' 0 c4 #ihb ,see above1 pp4 #bga to #bid4 #ihc i4 #chg a3 #eea a3 #ffc a bis4--ii4 #dcj a3 #ecf c3 #eha c3 #eid a1 #eie b 7^! two1 ( ! #bnd pag9ation73 #fic d ii4 #bfe1 ed4 #afae1 f :i* ,tis*4 quotes x4 ,! place may be se5 9 full1 supra1 p4 #aja4--;iii4 #ci b bis3 #fg a b4--,ap4 ,gall&4 vi4 #eah c3 #eai d3 #ebj b3 #ebf d3 #ecb a3 #efb b3 #eff d3 #ega a4 ,all b five ( ^! places1 ,i believe1 exhibit 1--:i* seems to h be5 ! read+ ( ?is ,fa!r4 ,! article is seldom se5 9 ,,mss4 ,only f\r in/ances ( x1--7!y w be f\nd di/9ctly specifi$ bel[1 page #dic1 note #a71--;are kn[n to exi/4 ,m places mu/ h be5 ov]look$4 ,note1 t ,griesba* only m5tions ,gregory ( ,nyssa 7^: "n ,tregelles omits entirely7 to rem>k t he is n to be cit$ = 2 see+ t1 accord+ to him1 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af is to be read ?us3-- 4 ,griesba* borr[$ t quotation & t blund] f ,wet/e92 to be bl9dly foll[$ 9 turn by ,s*olz & ,al=d4 ,& yet1 ! words 9 "q are n ! words ( ,gregory ,nyss4 at all2 b ( ,apol9>is1 aga9/ :om ,gregory is writ+1--z ,gregory himself expla9s4 ,antirrh4 adv4 ,apol4 apud ,gall&4 vi4 #ebb d4 #ihd ,de ,tr94 p4 #hc4 ,! te/imony is express4 #ihe i4 #ib3 iii4 #feg4-;iv4 #ai1 #bc4 #ihf i4 #cac3--;ii4 #bfc4 #ihg i4 #dig c d e4--viii4 #he e3 #hf a4--xi4 #fje f3 #fjf a b d e4--7,! fir/ ( ^! places occurs 9 ! ,homily de ,beato ,philogonio1 :i* ,mat?i 9 ! ma9 viz4 f p4 #dig1 l9e #bj1 to ! end edit$ f an indep5d5t s\rce ,lectt4 ,mosqq4 #aggi4 ,gall&ius xiv4 ,app5d4 #ada-d repr9ts ,mat?i's lab\rs74--,conc]n+ ?is place ( ,*ryso/om 7vide supr1 p4 #aja71 ,bp4 ,ellicott says 7p4 #ff71--8,! passage :i* he ! ,qu>t]ly ,review] does allege1 des]ves to be plac$ be=e our read]s 9 full1 z an illu/ration ( ! prec>i\s "* ( patri/ic evid5ce4 ,if ?is passage atte/s ! read+ 9 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 does x n also atte/ ! read+ 9 ,heb4 ii4 #af1 :]e no copyi/ or translator has introduc$ x80444 ,i c b say1 9 reply1--8,no1 c]ta9ly n40 ,may ,i be p]mitt$ to add1 t x is to me simply un9telligible h[ ,bp4 ,ellicott c %[ himself s plan hospes 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( sacr$ ,sci5ce z to be capable ( gravely ask+ su* a v fooli% "q8 #ihh i4 #bae a3 #fhe b4 ,! places may be se5 quot$ supr1 p4 #aja4 #ihi ,! place is quot$ 9 ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1 p4 #ei4 #iij ,antirrheticus1 ap4 ,gall&4 vi4 #eag-gg4 #iia ,! full title 01-- 4 ,ibid4 #eah b1 c3 #eai a4 #iib ,apol9>is did n d5y t ,,*ri/ 0 v ,,god4 ,8 h]esy 7l t ( ,arius7 turn$ ^u ! nature ( ! conjunction ( ! ,godhead ) ! ,manhood4 ,he> ,!odoret3--4 4 4 8 4 4 4 8 4 4 ,dial4 vi4 adv4 ,apol4 7,opp4 v4 #ajhj ,a?anas4 ii4 #ebe d47 #iic ,cram]'s ,cat4 9 ,actus1 iii4 #fi4 ,x is also met ) 9 ! ,cat5a on ! ,acts :i* ,j4 ,c4 ,wolf publi%$ 9 8 ,anecdota ,grca1 iii4 #acg-h4 ,! place is quot$ above1 p4 #ajb4 #iid ,cram]'s ,cat4 9 ,rom4 p4 #abd4 #iie ,p4 #fg4 #iif ,p4 #fe4 #iig ,p4 #fe4 #iih ,see above1 p4 #dbi4 #iii ,b5tley1 ,s*olz1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,al=d & o!rs adduce 8,eu?alius40 #ajjj ,concilia1 i4 #hdi-hic4 ,! place is quot$ bel[ 9 note #c4 #ajja 8,v]um ex illis v]bis illud tantum inf]ri debet false eam epi/olam ,dionysio ,alex&r9o attribui3 non autem scriptum non fuisse ab aliquo ex ,episcopis qui ,synodis adv]sus ,paulum ,antio*5um celebratis int]fu]ant4 ,innum]is enim exemplis con/at indubitat antiquitatis ,epi/olas ex ,scriptorum errore falsos titulos prf]re40--7,pagi ad ,a4,d4 #bfd1 apud ,mansi1 ,concil4 i4 #ajci47 #ajjb 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 --,concilia1 i4 #hec a4 #ajjc ,cap4 xi4 #ajjd ,ad ,ephes4 c4 #ai3 c4 #g4 ,ad ,magnes4 c4 #h4 #ajje ,cap4 xii4 #ajjf ,contra ,hresim ,noeti1 c4 xvii4 7,r\?'s ,opuscula1 i4 #gf47 ,read ! antec$5t *apt]s4 #ajjg ,dialog4 ii4 ',inconfusus4'--,opp4 iv4 #acb4 #ajjh ,cod4 #bcj1--p4 #hde1 l9e #dj4 #ajji vii4 #bf1 ap4 ,gall&4 iii4 #ahb a4 #ajaj iii4 #dja-b1 ,epi/4 #bfa 7 #fe74 ,a quotation f ,gal4 iv4 #d foll[s4 #ajaa 1 4--,vol4 v4 ,"p ii4 #dh e4 #ajab 1 4--,opp4 ,v4 ,"p #b1 p4 #abd c d4 7 ,concilia1 iii4 #bba c d47 #ajac ,n4 ,t4 vol4 xi4 ,prfat4 p4 xli4 #ajad 4--,de ,inc>natione ,dom9i1 ,mai1 ,nov4 ,,pp4 ,biblio!ca1 ii4 #fh4 #ajae ,e>li] 9 ! same ,treatise1 ,cyril ?us gr&ly p>aphrases #a ,tim4 iii4 #af3-- 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4--,ibid4 p4 #cg4 #ajaf ,p4 #aec d4 7 ,concilia1 iii4 #bfd c d47 #ajag ,ibid1 d e4 #ajah 1 1 444 ,pres5tly1-- 1 4 p4 #aed a b c4--,9 a subsequ5t page1-- 1 444 1 1 444 4--,ibid4 p4 #agj d e4 #ajai 4-- 1 1 1 4--vi4 #adh a4 #ajbj ,ibid4 b1 c1 d[n to #adi a4 7 ,concilia1 iii4 #hae b-e47 #ajba ,pres]v$ by cum5ius 9 8 ,cat5a1 #afca1 ii4 #bbh4 #ajbb ,ellis1 p4 #fg4 #ajbc ,9 loc4 #ajbd ,v>i ,lect4 ii4 #bcb4 ,he enum]ates t5 ,,mss4 9 :i* he f\nd x1--b he only quotes d[n to 4 #ajbe ,9 loc4 #ajbf ,p4 #bbg note4 #ajbg ,po9t$ out long s9ce by ,mat?i1 ,n4 ,t4 vol4 xi4 ,prfat4 p4 xlviii4 ,also 9 8 ed4 ( #ahjg1--;iii4 #ddc-d4 8,nec ideo laudatus e/1 ut doc]et ,cyrillum loco legisse 1 s$ ideo1 ne quis si ,deum factum leg]et hom9em1 humanis peccatis etiam obnoxium esse cr$]et40 #ajbh ,see ,b]riman's ,diss]tation1 p4 #ahi4--7,,ms4 note ( ! ,au?or47 #ajbi ,n f ! #bnd article ( 8 ,explanatio xii4 capitum1 z ,tis*5dorf supposes4 #ajcj ,see h[ ,p4 ,e4 ,pusey *>act]izes ! 8,s*olia10 9 8 ,preface to vol4 vi4 ( 8 edition1--pp4 xii4 xiii4 #ajca ,cyril's ,greek1 7to judge f ,m]cator's ,lat917 mu/ h run some:at z foll[s3-- 4 2 1 4 #ajcb ,opp4 vol4 v4 ,p4 i4 p4 #ghe d4--,! orig9al s*olium 7( :i* ! extant ,greek proves to be only a g>bl$ fragm5t1 see ,pusey's ed4 vi4 p4 #ebj17 ab\nds 9 expressions :i* imply1 7if !y d n require17 t w5t be=e3 e4g4 quasi ,deus homo factus3--erant ergo g5tes 9 mundo s9e ,deo1 cum absque ,*ri/o ess5t3--,deus enim erat inc>natus3--9 humanitate tam5 ,deus remansit3 ,deus enim ,v]bum1 c>ne assumpt1 non deposuit quod erat2 intelligitur tam5 idem ,deus simul et homo1 c4 #ajcc ,p4 #fg4 #ajcd ,opp4 vi4 #cbg4 #ajce ii4 #heb4 #ajcf ,mat?i1 ,n4 ,t4 xi4 ,prfat4 pp4 lii4-iii4 #ajcg ,vol4 ,v4 ,p4 ii4 pp4 #ee-ahj4 #ajch 8,h[ is ! ,godhead ( ,*ri/ prov$80 7asks ,us%] 9 8 ,body ( ,div9ity1 ed4 #afec1 p4 #afa74 ,& he adduces out ( ! ,n4 ,t4 only ,jo4 i4 #a1 xx4 #bh2 ,rom4 ix4 #e2 #a ,jo4 v4 #bj4--;,he _h quot$ #a ,tim4 iii4 #af 9 p4 #afj 7) ,rom4 ix4 #e7 to prove ! union ( ! two natures4 #ajci ,burgon's ,la/ ,twelve ,v]ses1 c41 p4 #aie & note4 ,see ,canon ,cook on ?is subject1--pp4 #adf-g4 #ajdj ,supr1 p4 #ajb4 #ajda ,pp4 #fh-i4 #ajdb ,proleg4 9 ,n4 ,t41-- #ajac4 #ajdc ,opp4 7ed4 #afde7 ii4 #ddg4 #ajdd ,concilia1 v4 #ggb a4 ,i quote f ,g>ni]'s ed4 ( ! ,brevi>ium1 repr9t$ by ,gall&ius1 xii4 #aecb4 #ajde iv4 #dfe c4 #ajdf ,concilia1 vi4 #bh e iii4 #fde c 7ed4 ,h>du974 #ajdg 8,ex sequ5tibus colligo qudam exempl>ia tempore ,ana/asii et ,mac$onii habuisse 2 ut1 mutatione fact 9 1 intellig]etur ut esset ,deus40 7,cotel]ii1 ,eccl4 ,gr4 ,mon4 iii4 #ffc7--8,q4 d4 ,ut hic homo1 qui dicitur ,jesus1 esset et dici posset ,deus10 c4 7,cornelius1 9 loc4 ,he decl>es absolutely 8olim leg]unt 444 407--,all ?is 0 notic$ long s9ce by ,b]riman1 pp4 #bdc-d4 #ajdh 8,apo/4 #hc10 is 8,crypta-,f]rat4 ,a4 4 iv40 describ$ 9 ! ,,app5dix4 ,i owe ! in=mation to ! le>n$ libr>ian ( ,crypta ,f]rata1 ! ,hi]omona*us ,a4 ,roc*i4 ,x is a pleasure to transcribe ! lett] :i* convey$ in=mation :i* ! writ] knew w\ld be acceptable to me3--8,clme ,rme ,dom9e4 ,quod erat 9 votis1 plures loci illius ,paul9i non modo 9 no/ris codd4 lectiones1 s$ et 9 8 ipsis v>iationes1 adsequutus es4 ,modo ego op]i meo f9em imponam1 descriptis prope sexc5tis et qu9quag9ta qu9que vel codicibus vel ,,mss4 ,tres autem1 quos primum nunc notatos tibi exhibeo1 p]t95t ad ,liturgicorum ord9em4 ,jam felici om9e tuas prosoqu]e elucubrationes1 cautus tantum ne /udio et labore nimio valetud9em tuam defatiges4 ,vale4 ,de ,tusculano1 xi4 kal4 ,maias1 an4 ,r4 ,s4 ,,mdccclxxxiii4 ,,antonius ,,roc*i1 ,hi]omona*us ,basilianus40 ,= 8,paul #bhb10 7a bil+ual ,,ms4 at ,p>is1 kn[n z 8,armni5 #i107 ,i am indebt$ to ! ,abb ,m>t91 :o describes x 9 8 ,introduction la ,critique ,textuelle du ,n4 ,t41 #ahhc1--pp4 #ffj-a4 ,see ,,app5dix4 #ajdi ,preb5d>y ,scriv5] 7p4 #eee7 ably closes ! li/4 ,any "o desir\s ( ma/]+ ! entire lit]ature ( ! subject %\ld /udy ! ,rev4 ,john ,b]riman's int]e/+ & exhau/ive ,diss]tation1--pp4 #bbi-bfc4 #ajej ,! read] is invit$ to read :at ,b]riman1 7:o 0 engag$ on 8 8,diss]tation0 :ile ,bp4 ,butl] 0 writ+ ! 8,adv]tisem5t0 prefix$ to 8 8,analogy0 #agcf17 has writt5 on ?is "p ( ! subject1--pp4 #abj-i1 #agc-aih1 #bca-bdj1 #bei-fj1 #bfb1 c4 #ajea ,apud ,a?anasium1 ,opp4 ii4 #cc2 & see ,g>ni]'s introductory ,note4 #ajeb 8,audi ,paulum magn voce clamantem3 ,deus manife/atus e/ 9 c>ne d[n to assumptus e/ 9 glori4 ,o magni doctoris affatum6 ,deus1 inquit1 manife/atus e/ 9 c>ne10 c4--,concilia1 vii4 p4 #fah e4 #ajec ,!odori ,/udit1 ,epi/t4 lib4 ii4 #cf1 & #aef4 7,sirmondi's ,op]a ,v>ia1 vol4 v4 pp4 #cdi e & #dih b1--,v5et4 #agbh47 #ajed ,paul #aac1 7,mat?i's a7 conta9s two ,s*olia :i* witness to 3--,paul #aae1 7,mat?i's d7 also conta9s two ,s*olia4--,paul #aah1 7,mat?i's h74--,paul #abc1 7,mat?i's n74 ,see ,mat?i's ,n4 ,t4 vol4 xi4 ,prfat4 pp4 xlii4-iii4 #ajee ii4 #bbh a4 #ajef ii4 #efi e3 #egj a4 #ajeg ,panoplia1--,t]goby/1 #agaj1 fol4 4 p4 #b1 col4 #a4 #ajeh 4 #ajei ,b 9 ,apo/4 #ab 7,reg4 #cge7 x is ! lection = ! #cj? 77 ,saturday4--,9 ,apo/4 #cc 7,reg4 #chb71 = ! #ca/ 774--,9 ,apo/4 #bf 7,reg4 #cbj71 ! lection = ! #cd? ,saturday beg9s at #a ,tim4 vi4 #aa4--;,apo/t4 #bf & #bg 7,regg4 #cbj-a7 are said to h a peculi> ord] ( lessons4 #ajfj ,= conv5i5ce1 _m codices are reckon$ "u ?is head 7viz4 ( 8,apo/olus07 :i* are r -4 ,_m aga9 :i* are b fragm5t>y1 or conta9 only a v few lessons f ! ,epi/les3 su* are ,apo/t4 #ig to #ajc4 ,see ! ,,app5dix4 #ajfa ,no4 #ba1 #bh1 #ca are said to be ,gospel lessons 78,ev/t4074 ,no4 #bi1 #ce & #cf are ,eu*ologia2 8! two latt] probably ,mel*ite1 = ! codices exhibit "s ,arabic words0 7,abb ,m>t974 ,no4 #dc & #dh mu/ be eras$4 ,no4 #gj & #ha are id5tical ) #eb 7,b4 ,m4 ,addit4 #cbjea74 #ajfb ,viz4 ,apo/4 #a3 #c3 #f3 #i #aj 7:i* are ,m5ologies ) a few ,gospel lections73 #ae3 #af3 #ag3 #ai3 #bj3 #bd3 #bf3 #bg3 #cb3 #cg3 #ci3 #dd3 #dg3 #ej3 #ec3 #ee3 #ef3 #ei3 #fj3 #fa3 #fc3 #fd3 #ff3 #fg3 #fh3 #ga3 #gb3 #gc3 #ge3 #gf3 #gh3 #gi3 #hj3 #hg3 #hh3 #ij4 #ajfc ,viz4 ,apo/4 #d at ,flor5ce3 #h at ,cop5hag53 #dj1 #da1 #db at ,rome3 #ed at ,/4 ,pet]sburg3 #gd 9 ,am]ica4 #ajfd ,viz4 ,apo/4 #b & #eb 7,addit4 #cbjea7 9 ! ,b4 ,mus41 also #fi 7,addit4 #bigad v]ifi$ by ,dr4 ,c4 ,r4 ,gregory73 #e at ,gott+53 #g at ! ,propag&a 7v]ifi$ by ,dr4 ,bey]73 #aa1 #bb1 #bc1 #be1 #cj1 #cc at ,p>is 7v]ifi$ by ,abb ,m>t973 #ac1 #ad1 #ah at ,mosc[3 #ch1 #di 9 ! ,vatican 7v]ifi$ by ,signor ,cozza-,luzi73 #de at ,glasg[ 7v]ifi$ by ,dr4 ,"y73 #df at ,milan 7v]ifi$ by ,dr4 ,c]iani73 #ea at ,besanon 7v]ifi$ by ,m4 ,ca/an73 #eg & #fb at ,lambe?1 also #fe ,b-,c 7all ?ree v]ifi$ by ,scriv5]73 #eh at ,*4 ,*41 ,ox=d3 #gg at ,mosc[3 #hb at ,mess9a 7v]ifi$ by ,papas ,matranga73 #hd & #hi at ,crypta ,f]rata 7v]ifi$ by ,hi]omona*us ,roc*i74 #ajfe ,viz4 ,apo/4 #cd 7,reg4 #chc71 a ,x,vth-c5tury ,codex4 ,! ,abb ,m>t9 assures me t ?is copy exhibits 2 4 ,note h[ev] t ! position ( ! po9t1 z well z ! acc5tuation1 proves t no?+ else b 0 int5d$4 ,?is is v in/ructive4 ,:at if ! same slip ( ! p5 _h be5 f\nd 9 ,cod4 ,b8 #ajff ,viz4 ,apo/ #hc 7,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 iv47 #ajfg ,viz4 ,praxapo/4 #he & #hf 7,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 vii4 :i* exhibits 2 2 & ,a4 4 viii41 :i* exhibits 2 444 4 sic474 ,conc]n+ ^! codices1 see above1 pp4 #ddf to #ddh4 #ajfh ,concilia1 ii4 #bag c 7 ed4 ,h>d4 i4 #dah b74 #ajfi ,he wrote a hi/ory ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,nica1 9 :i* he introduces ! discussions ( ! sev]al ,bi%ops pres5t1--all ! product 7z ,cave ?9ks7 ( 8 own bra94 #ajgj viii4 #bad b4 #ajga ,cit$ at ! ,c\ncil ( ,,cp4 7,a4,d4 #eec74 ,concilia1 ed4 ,labbe et ,coss>t1 v4 #ddg b c ed4 ,h>du91 iii4 #bi c & #hb e4 #ajgb ,concilia1 ,labbe1 v4 #ddi a1 & ,h>du91 iii4 #hd d4 #ajgc ,h>du91 iii4 #cb d4 #ajgd ,a ,lat9 translation ( ! "w ( ,leontius 7,contra ,ne/or4 et ,euty*471 :]e9 x is /at$ t ! pres5t place 0 f\nd 9 lib4 xiii41 may be se5 9 ,gall&ius xii4 #ffj-ii3 ! passage "u consid]ation be+ giv5 at p4 #fid c d3 b ,mai 7,script4 ,vett4 vi4 #bij-cab71 hav+ discov]$ 9 ! ,vatican ! orig9al text ( ! exc]pts f ,!od4 ,mops41 publi%$ 7f ! xii? book ( ,!od4 de ,inc>natione7 ! ,greek ( ! passage vi4 #cjh4 ,f ?is s\rce1 ,migne ,patr4 ,gr4 vol4 #ff1 col4 #ihh seems to h obta9$ 8 quotation4 #ajge ,ei!r z giv5 by ,mai1 or z repres5t$ 9 ! ,lat9 translation ( ,leontius 7obta9$ f a diff]5t codex7 by ,canisius ,antiqu ,lectt41 #afja1 vol4 iv41 f ^: "w ,gall&ius simply repr9t$ x 9 #aghh4 #ajgf ,!odori ,mops4 ,fragm5ta ,syriaca1 v]tit ,ed4 ,sa*au1 ,lips4 #ahfi1--p4 #ec4--;,i am indebt$ = mu* zeal\s help 9 respect ( ^! ,syriac quotations to ! ,rev4 ,?omas ,r&ell ( ,ox=d1--:o1 ,i v5ture to pr$ict1 w "s day make 8 m>k 9 ^! /udies4 #ajgg ,ibid4 p4 #fd4 ,! context ( ! place 7:i* is d]iv$ f ,lag>de's ,analecta ,syriaca1 p4 #ajb1 top17 is z foll[s3 8,deitas enim inhabitans hc omnia gub]n>e incepit4 ,et 9 hac re etiam gratia ,spiritus ,sancti adjuvabat ad hunc effectum1 ut beatus quoque ,apo/olus dixit3 #8,v]e gr&e 444 9 spiritu2' quoniam nos quoque auxilium ,_ss accepturi sumus ad p]fectionem ju/iti40 ,a fur!r ref]5ce to #a ,tim4 iii4 #af at page #fi1 does n help u4 #ajgh ,i owe ?is1 & m help ?an ,i c express 9 a foot-note1 to my le>n$ fri5d ! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,deane1 ( ,s4 ,john's4 #ajgi ,pages #dcg-dc4 #ajhj ,see above1 p4 #ddd4 #ajha ,see above1 pp4 #ddf-h2 also ! ,app5dix4 #ajhb ,see pp4 #dbf-h4 #ajhc ,see pp4 #dhj-b4 #ajhd ,n4 ,t4 #ahjf ii4 ad calcem1 p4 #be4 #ajhe ,page #gf4 #ajhf ,see above1 pp4 #cgf-h4 #ajhg ,viz4 f p4 #dca to p4 #dgh4 #ajhh ,see above1 pp4 #dfb-d4 #ajhi ,viz4 ,acts iii4 #ab2 #a ,tim4 iv4 #g1 #h2 vi4 #c1 #e1 #f2 #b ,tim4 iii4 #e2 ,tit4 i4 #a2 #b ,pet4 i4 #c1 #f1 #g2 iii4 #aa4 #ajij ,f ! fri5d ^: help is ackn[l$g$ at foot ( pp4 #dej1 #dha4 #ajia ,s*olz enum]ates #h ( ^! copies3 ,coxe1 #ae4 ,b !re mu/ exi/ a va/ _m m2 z1 at ,m4 ,a?os1 9 ! conv5t ( ,s4 ,ca?>9e1 at ,meteora1 c41 c4 #ajib ,9 explanation ( ?is /atem5t1 ! read] is invit$ to ref] to ! ,,app5dix at ! end ( ! pres5t volume4 ,s9ce ! =ego+ words h be5 9 pr9t ,i h obta9$ f ,rome tid+s ( ab\t #cd m copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les2 rais+ ! pres5t total to #ccf4 ,! kn[n copies ( ! book call$ 8,apo/olus0 n[ am\nt to #abg4 #ajic ,viz4 ,paul #fa 7see ,scriv5]'s ,introduction1 #crd ed4 p4 #bea73 & ,paul #aha 7see above1 at pp4 #ddd-e74 #ajid ,viz4 ,paul #bdh1 at ,/rasburg4 #ajie ,viz4 ,paul #h 7see ,scriv5]'s ,introduction73 #ae 7:i* is n 9 ! ,univ]sity libr>y at ,l\va973 #ej & #ea 79 ,scriv5]'s ,introduction73 #bji & #baj 7:i*1 ,i f9d on repeat$ enquiry1 are no long] pres]v$ 9 ! ,collegio ,romano2 nor1 s9ce ! suppression ( ! ,jesuits1 is any "o able to tell :at has become ( !m74 #ajif ,viz4 ,paul #db3 #ec3 #ed3 #eh 7,vat4 #afe1--;f ,sig4 ,cozza-,luzi73 #fj3 #fd3 #ff3 #gf3 #hb3 #hi3 #aah3 #aai3 #abd3 #abg3 #adf3 #adg3 #adh3 #aeb3 #afj3 #afa3 #afb3 #afc3 #agb3 #ahg3 #aia3 #bjb3 #bad3 #bbe 7,milan ,n4 #bgb sup41--f ,dr4 ,c]iani73 #bei3 #bfc3 #bga3 #bge3 #bhd 7,mod5a ,,ii4 ,a4 #ac1--;f ,sig4 ,cappilli ,acts1 #aie--see ,app5dix73 #bhf 7,milan ,e4 #b inf4--f ,dr4 ,c]iani see ,app5dix73 #bhg 7,milan ,a4 #bda inf4--f ,dr4 ,c]iani see ,app5dix73 #bic 7,crypta ,f]rata1 ,a4 4 vi4--f ! ,hi]omona*us ,a4 ,roc*i see ,app5dix73 #cjb 7,b]l91 ,,ms4 ,grc4 #hvo4 ,no4 #i4--;f ,dr4 ,c4 de ,boor see ,app5dix74 #ajig ,viz4 ,paul #bed 7re/or$ to ,,cp41 see ,scriv5]'s ,introduction73 & ,paul #bfa 7,muralt's #h3 ,petrop4 xi4 #a4 #b4 #ccj74 #ajih ,i f\nd ! read+ ( #aej copies ( ,s4 ,paul's ,epi/les at #a ,tim4 iii4 #af1 asc]ta9$ ready to my h&1--*iefly ! result ( ! lab\rs ( ,mill1 ,ku/]1 ,walk]1 ,b]riman1 ,bir*1 ,mat?i1 ,s*olz1 ,rei*e1 & ,scriv5]4 ,! foll[+ #ajb ,i am enabl$ to contribute to ! numb]1--?anks to ! _m fri5dly help]s ^: names foll[3-- ,9 ! ,,vatican 7,abbate ,cozza-,luzi1 keep] ( ! libr>y1 ^: fri5dly =w>dness & enlight5$ zeal ,i _c suffici5tly ackn[l$ge4 ,see ! ,app5dix7 ,no4 #ahe1 #ahf1 #aif1 #bjd1 #bjg1 #bid1 #bie1 #bif1 #big4--,,propag&a 7,dr4 ,bey]7 ,no4 #ib4--;,,crypta ,,f]rata 7! ,hi]omona*us ,a4 ,roc*i4 ,see ! ,app5dix17 ,no4 #bij1 #bia1 #bib4--,,v5ice 7,sig4 ,veludo7 ,no4 #bae4--,,milan 7,dr4 ,c]iani1 ! mo/ le>n$ & helpful ( fri5ds17 ,no4 #agc1 #agd1 #age1 #agf1 #bbc1 #bhh1 #bhi4--;,,f]r>a1 7,sig4 ,g5n>i7 ,no4 #bbb4--,,mod5a 7,sig4 ,cappilli7 ,no4 #bhe4--;,,bologna 7,sig4 ,g>diani7 ,no4 #aje4--,,tur9 7,sig4 ,gorresio7 ,no4 #afe1 #afh4--;,,flor5ce 7,dr4 ,anziani7 ,no4 #ahb1 #bbf1 #bci4--,,mess9a 7,papas ,filippo ,matranga4 ,see ! ,app5dix17 ,no4 #baf1 #bhc4--,,pal]mo 7,sig4 ,p5]9o7 ,no4 #bag4--,! ,,escurial 7,s4 ,h]b]t ,capp]1 ,esq41 ( ! ,briti% ,legation4 ,he execut$ a difficult task ) r>e ability1 at ! in/ance ( 8 ,excell5cy1 ,sir ,rob]t ,mori]1 :o is reque/$ to accept ?is expression ( my ?anks17 ,no4 #bbh1 #bbi4--,,p>is 7,m4 ,wes*]1 :o is z oblig+ z he is le>n$ 9 ?is dep>tm5t17 ,no4 #af1 #fe1 #acf1 #adb1 #aej1 #aea1 #aed1 #aee1 #aef1 #aeg1 #afd4--7,l',abb ,m>t94 ,see ! ,app5dix7 ,no4 #bhb4 ,,ars5al 7,m4 ,?i]ry7 ,no4 #acj4--,s4 ,,g5evieve 7,m4 ,d5is7 ,no4 #bdg4--,,poicti]s 7,m4 ,d>tige7 ,no4 #bgf4--;,,b]l9 7,dr4 ,c4 de ,boor7 ,no4 #bbj1 #bih1 #bii1 #cjj1 #cja4--;,,dresd5 7,dr4 ,=/emann7 ,no4 #bcg4--,,muni* 7,dr4 ,laubmann7 ,no4 #ee1 #abe1 #abf1 #abh4--;,,gott+5 7,dr4 ,lag>de7 ,no4 #bdc4--,,wolf5buttel 7,dr4 von ,he9emann7 ,no4 #gd1 #bda4--;,,basle 7,mons4 ,sieb]7 ,no4 #g4--,,upsala 7,dr4 ,bel%eim7 ,no4 #bgc1 #bgd4--,,l9cop+ 7! same7 ,no4 #bgb4--,,zuri* 7,dr4 ,es*]7 ,no4 #ef4--,preb5d>y ,scriv5] v]ifi$ = me ,paul #beb3 #bec3 #bee3 #bef3 #beg3 #beh3 #bfj3 #bfd3 #bfe3 #bgg4--,rev4 ,t4 ,r&ell1 has v]ifi$ ,no4 #ac4--;,alex4 ,peckov]1 ,esq41 ,no4 #bgh4--,p]sonally1 ,i h inspect$ ,no4 #bd3 #cd3 #fb3 #fc3 #bbd3 #bbg3 #bcd3 #bce3 #bcf3 #bdj3 #bdb3 #bdi3 #bej3 #bea3 #bfb3 #bff3 #bfg3 #bfh3 #bfi3 #bgj3 #bgi3 #bhj3 #bha4 #ajii ,viz4 ,paul #cg 7! ,codex ,leice/41 #fi ( ! ,gospels73--,paul #he 7,vat4 #aacf71 obs]v$ by ,abbate ,cozza-,luzi3--,paul #ic 7,naples #a4 ,b4 #ab7 :i* is #hc ( ! ,acts1--notic$ by ,bir*3--,paul #age 7,ambros4 ,f4 #abe sup47 at ,milan2 z ,i le>n f ,dr4 ,c]iani4 ,see above1 p4 #def note #a4 #aajj ,viz4 ,paul #bhb1--;conc]n+ :i*1 see above1 p4 #dgd1 note #a4 #aaja ,! pres5t locality ( ?is codex 7,evan4 #dba ,acts #agf ,paul #bah7 is unkn[n4 ,! only ,greek codices 9 ! public libr>y ( ! 8,sem9>io0 at ,syracuse are an 8,ev/40 & an 8,apo/40 7:i* ,i numb] respectively #cfb & #aac74 ,my au?ority = 9 ,paul #bah1 is ,bir* ,proleg4 p4 xcviii41 to :om ,munt] communicat$ 8 collations4 #aajb ,= ! ensu+ codices1 see ! ,,app5dix4 #aajc ,vat4 #bjfh 7,basil4 #ajg71--:i* ,i numb] 8,apo/4 #aae0 7see ,,app5dix47 #aajd ,viz4 by #d uncials 7,a1 ,k1 ,l1 ,p71 7#bdg ,paul #ca ,apo/4 7 #bgh cursive manuscripts read+ 3 #d 7,paul7 read+ 3 #b 7#a ,paul1 #a ,apo/47 read+ 3 #a 7,apo/47 read+ #bhi4 7,see above1 pp4 #dgc-d3 #dgh47 #aaje ,! ,h>kleian 7see pp4 #dej1 #dhi73 ! ,georgian1 & ! ,slavonic 7p4 #ded74 #aajf ,see above1 pp4 #dhg-dij1--:i* is ! summ>y ( :at w be f\nd m l>gely deliv]$ f page #dee to page #dgf4 #aajg ,see above1 pp4 #ddh-dec3 also p4 #dgi4 #aajh ,see above1 pp4 #dgi-dhj4 #aaji ,see above1 pp4 #deb-c4 #aaaj ,see above1 pp4 #dhb1 #dhc4 #aaaa ,see above1 page #dcf1 & middle ( page #dci4 #aaab ,see 8 long & s+ul> note4 #aaac ,fre% ,revision1 p4 #bg4 #aaad ,pr9t$ ,text1 p4 #bca4 #aaae ,p4 #bbf4 #aaaf 8,=te 2 444 1 40--,b5tleii ,critica ,sacra1 p4 #fg4 #aaag ,develop$ ,criticism1 p4 #afj4 #aaah ,?us ,augu/9e 7viii4 #hbh f47 p>aphrases1--8,9 c>ne manife/atus e/ ,,filius ,,dei40--,& ,m>ius ,victor9us1 ,a4,d4 #cij 7ap4 ,gall&4 viii4 #afa71--8;,hoc enim e/ magnum sacram5tum1 quod ,,deus exanimavit semet ipsum cum esset 9 ,,dei =m30 8fuit ergo antequam esset 9 c>ne1 s$ manife/atum dixit 9 c>ne40--,& ,fulg5tius1 ,a4,d4 #eac1 ?us exp&s ! text 7ap4 ,gall&4 xi4 #bcb73--8quia scilicet ,v]bum quod 9 pr9cipio erat1 et apud ,,deum erat1 et ,,deus erat1 id e/ ,,dei unig5itus ,filius1 ,,dei virtus et sapi5tia1 p] quem et 9 quo facta sunt omnia1 444 idem ,,deus unig5itus10 c4 c4--,& ,f]r&us1 ,a4,d4 #cef 7ibid4 p4 #cef73--8;ita pro r$emtione humani g5]is humanam naturam cr$imus suscepisse1 ut ille qui ,tr9itate p]fecta ,,deus unig5itus p]manebat ac p]manet1 ipse ex ,m>ia fi]et primog5itus 9 multis fratribus10 c4 #aaai ,,ms4 note 9 8 int]leav$ copy ( ! ,n4 ,t4 ,he adds1 8,hc add5da posui ,notis ad ,s4 ,hippolytum contra ,noetum p4 #ic1 vol4 i4 ,scriptor4 ,ecclesia/4 ,opusculorum40 #aabj ,page #bi4 #aaba ,p4 #bi4 #aabb ,p4 #cj4 #aabc ,address1 on ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 p4 #aj4 #aabd ,see above1 pp4 #cg to #ci4 #aabe ,bp4 ,ellicott's pamphlet1 p4 #cd4 #aabf ,p4 #bca4 #aabg ,fif? ,rule ( ! ,committee4 #aabh ,bp4 ,ellicott's pamphlet1 p4 #cj4 #aabi ,no fair p]son w mi/ake ! _s 9 :i* ! next ensu+ p>agraphs 79 ! ,text7 are writt54 ,b ,i w add :at %all effectually protect me f be+ misund]/ood4 ,aga9/ ! respectability & p]sonal wor? ( any memb] ( ! ,revisioni/ body1 let me n be suppos$ to brea! a syllable4 ,all1 7= aught ,i "k to ! contr>y17 may be m5 ( ability & atta9m5t1 z well z ( high moral excell5ce4 ,i w add t1 9 e>ly life1 ,i numb]$ sev]al pr(ess+ ,unit>ians among my fri5ds4 ,x 7 base 9 me to =get h[ wondr\s k9d ,i f\nd !m3 h[ mu* ,i lov$ !m3 h[ fondly ,i *]i% _! memory4 ,fur!r4 ,t 9 ord] to come at ! tru? ( ,scripture1 we are b\nd to seek help at ! h&s ( any :o are able to r5d] help1--:o ev] d\bt$8 ,if a wor%ipp] ( ! false prophet1--if a devotee ( ,buddha1--c\ld contribute any?+1--:o w\ld hesitate to sue to him = enlight5m5t8 ,z = ,abraham's desc5dants1--!y are our v bre?r54 ,b x is q a diff]5t ?+ :5 ,revisioni/s appo9t$ by ! ,convocation ( ! ,s\!rn ,prov9ce1 co-opt ,sep>ati/s & ev5 ,unit>ians into _! body1 :]e !y %all det]m9e ! s5se ( ,scripture & vote ^u its translation on equal t]ms4 ,surely1 :5 ! ,l[] ,h\se ( ,convocation accept$ ! #e? 8,resolution0 ( ! ,upp] ,h\se1--viz41 t ! ,revis+ body 8%all be at lib]ty to invite ! co-op]ation ( any em95t = s*ol>%ip1 to :atev] nation or religi\s body !y may belong20--! ,synod ( ,cant]bury did n suppose t x 0 pl$g+ itself to sanction su* 8co-op]ation0 z is impli$ by actual co-optation6 ,x %\ld be add$ t ,bp4 ,wilb]=ce1 7! actual fram] ( ! #e? fundam5tal ,resolution17 has himself in=m$ u t 89 fram+ x1 x nev] occurr$ to him t x w\ld apply to ! admission ( any memb] ( ! ,soc9ian body40 ,*ronicle ( ,convocation 7,feb4 #ahga17 p4 #d4 8,i am aw>e10 7says our le>n$ & pi\s bi%op ( ,l9coln17 8t ! anci5t ,*ur* did n scruple to avail h]self ( ! translation ( a r5egade ,jew1 l ,aquila2 & ( ,ebioniti% h]etics1 l ,symma*us & ,!odotion2 & t ,/4 ,augu/9e pr(it$ by ! expository rules ( ,ty*onius ! ,donati/4 ,b ,i v mu* d\bt :e!r ! anci5t ,*ur* w\ld h look$ = a l>ge outp\r+ ( a bless+ f ,,god on a "w ( translat+ ,8 ,^w1 :]e ! workm5 7 n all jo9$ toge!r 9 a _s ( ,*ri/ian unity1 & 9 ! pr(ession ( ! true ,fai?2 & 9 :i* ! op9ions ( ! sev]al translators 7 to be c\nt$ & n weigh$2 & :]e ev]y?+ 0 to be decid$ by num]ical majorities2 & :]e ! votes ( an ,arius or a ,ne/orius 7 to be reckon$ z ( equal value ) ^? ( an ,a?anasius or a ,cyril40 7,address on ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 #ahha1 pp4 #ch47 #aacj ,! ,bible & ,popul> ,!ology1 by ,g4 ,vance ,smi?1 #ahga4 #aaca ,an ,unit>ian ,revis] ( our ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 intol]able3 an e>ne/ ,remon/rance & ,petition1--address$ to y\rself by y\r pres5t correspond5t3--,ox=d1 ,p>k]1 #ahgb1 pp4 #h4 #aacb ,see lett] ( 8,"o ( ! ,revisioni/s1 ,g4 ,v4 ,s40 9 ! ,times ( ,july #aa1 #ahgj4 #aacc ,prote/ aga9/ ! ,communion ( an ,unit>ian 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey on ,june #bbnd1 #ahgj3--,ox=d1 #ahgj1 pp4 #fd4 #aacd ,see ! ,*ronicle ( ,convocation 7,feb4 #ahga71 pp4 #c-bh1--:5 a ,resolution 0 mov$ & c>ri$ by ! ,bp4 7,wilb]=ce7 ( ,w9*e/]1--8,t x is ! judgm5t ( ?is ,h\se t no p]son :o d5ies ! ,godhead ( our ,,"l ,,jesus ,,*ri/ ought to be invit$ to jo9 ei!r company to :i* is committ$ ! ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ,holy ,scripture3 & t x is fur!r ! judgm5t ( ?is ,h\se t any su* p]son n[ on ei!r ,company %\ld cease to act !re)4 8,& t ?is ,resolution be communicat$ to ! ,l[] ,h\se1 & _! concurr5ce reque/$30--:i* 0 done4 ,see p4 #adc4 #aace ,! ,read] is invit$ to ref] back to pp4 #acb-ace4 #aacf ,! ,read] is reque/$ to ref] back to pp4 #baj-bad4 #aacg ,s4 ,m>k x4 #ba4 #aach ,s4 ,luke xxii4 #fd4 #aaci ,s4 ,luke xxiii4 #ch4 #aadj ,s4 ,luke xxiv4 #db4 #aada is 8to comm&0 9 ,s4 ,mat?4 7& ,s4 ,luke7 iv4 #c3 9 ,s4 ,m>k v4 #dc3 viii4 #g1 & 9 _m o!r places4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,revis]s h ?ru/ 8comm&0 into ,s4 ,mat?4 xx4 #ba1 :]e 8grant0 _h f> bett] h be5 let alone3 & h ov]look$ o!r places 7z ,s4 ,mat?4 xxii4 #bd1 ,s4 ,james ii4 #aa71 :]e 8comm&0 might p]haps h be5 introduc$ ) advantage4 7,i no?+ d\bt t :5 ! ,c5turion ( ,cap]naum said to our ,"l ,mtt4 viii4 #h ,lu4 vii4 #g1 he entreat$ ,him 8only to give ! ^w ( comm&407 ,we all see1 ( c\rse1 t x 0 because is r5d]$ 8grant0 9 ! 7v ne>ly7 p>allel place to ,s4 ,mat?4 xx4 #ba 7viz4 ,s4 ,m>k x4 #cg71 t ! ,revis]s ?\ght x incumb5t on !m to repres5t 9 ! e>li] ,gospel diff]5tly2 & s !y be?\ght !mselves ( 8comm&40 7,infelicit\sly en\gh1 z ,i humbly ?9k4 8,promise0 w\ld evid5tly h be5 a pref]able sub/itute3 ! ^w 9 ! orig9al 77 be+ "o ( t l>ge family ( ,greek v]bs :i* v>y _! %ade ( signification accord+ to _! context47 ,b x is pla9ly impracticable to level up aft] ?is rigid fa%ion1--to translate 9 ?is me*anical way4 ,f> m is lo/ ?an is ga9$ by ?is /ra9+ aft] an impossible clos5ess ( r5d]+4 ,! _s becomes inevitably sacrific$ to ! lett]4 ,all ?is has be5 l>gely rem>k$ ^u above1 at pp4 #ahg-bjf4 ,take ! case be=e u 9 illu/ration4 ,s4 ,james & ,s4 ,john ) _! ,"m1 h evid5tly agre$ toge!r to 8ask a fav\r0 ( _! ,,"l 7cf4 ,mtt4 xx4 #bj1 ,mk4 x4 #ce74 ,! ,"m beg9s 1--! sons beg91 4 ,:y are we to assume t ! reque/ is made by ! ,"m 9 a diff]5t _s f ! sons8 ,:y are we to impose ^u h] language ! imp]i\s s5tim5t :i* ! v m5tion ( 8comm&0 unavoidably sugge/s to an ,engli% e>8 ,a prior1 & yet m fatal objection1 rema9s 9 full =ce4 ,! ,revis]s1 7,i say x = ! la/ "t17 7 cle>ly go+ beyond _! prescrib$ duty :5 !y set ab\t h&l+ ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion aft] ?is m]ciless fa%ion4 ,_! bus9ess 0 to correct 8pla9 & cle> errors10--n to produce a 8,new ,engli% ,v]sion40 #aadb ,take ! foll[+ z a sample1 :i* is "o ( ! ,au?or's pro(s t ! 8,results ( ! ,revision0 are 8unfav\rable to ,or?odoxy30--8,! only in/ance 9 ! ,n4 ,t4 9 :i* ! religi\s wor%ip or adoration ( ,,*ri/ 0 app>5tly impli$1 has be5 alt]$ by ! ,revision3 #8,at ! "n ( ,,jesus e knee %all b[1' ,philipp4 ii4 #aj is n[ to be read #89 ! "n4' ,moreov]1 no alt]ation ( text or ( translation w be f\nd any:]e to make up = ?is loss2 z inde$ x is well und]/ood t ! ,n4 ,t4 conta9s nei!r precept nor example :i* really sanctions ! religi\s wor%ip ( ,,jesus ,,*ri/40--,texts & ,m>g9s1--p4 #dg4 #aadc ,supra1 p4 #dbd to p4 #eja4 #aadd ,see above1 pp4 #bgb-bge1 pp4 #bgh-bha4 #aade ,see above1 p4 #bge4 #aadf ,see above1 pp4 #bgf-g4 #aadg ,see above1 pp4 #cjc-cje4 #aadh ,see above1 p4 #cjd4 #aadi ,see above1 pp4 #cci-db2 also pp4 #dbb1 #dbc4 #aaej ,see above1 pp4 #cia-g4 #aaea ,see above1 pp4 #cf-dj3 #dg-i3 #dbb-d4 #aaeb ,see above1 pp4 #da-g3 #dbj-b4 #aaec ,see above1 pp4 #ih-ajf3 #dbd-eja4 #aaed ,evan4 #gch belongs to ,oriel ,college1 ,ox=d1 xii41 small #dto4 ( #acj foll4 slightly mut4 ,evan4 #gci1 ,bodl4 ,greek ,miscell4 #cbc xiii41 #hvo4 membr4 foll4 #ahc1 mut4 ,br\ght f ,ephesus1 & obta9$ = ! ,bodleian 9 #ahhc4 #aaee ,ev/4 #dae belongs to ,lieut4 ,bate1 xiii41 *>t4 foll4 #bai1 mutilat$ ?r\gh\t4 ,he obta9$ x 9 #ahgh f a ,cyprus villag] at ,kikos1 ne> ,m\nt ,trovodos 7i4e4 ,olympus47 ,x came f a mona/]y on ! m\nta94 #aaef ,apo/4 #abh w be f\nd describ$1 = ! fir/ "t1 bel[1 at p4 #ebh4